FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Varani, AM Monteiro-Vitorello, CB de Almeida, LGP Souza, RC Cunha, OL Lima, WC Civerolo, E Van Sluys, MA Vasconcelos, ATR AF Varani, Alessandro M. Monteiro-Vitorello, Claudia B. de Almeida, Luiz G. P. Souza, Rangel C. Cunha, Oberdan L. Lima, Wanessa C. Civerolo, Edwin Van Sluys, Marie-Anne Vasconcelos, Ana T. R. TI Xylella fastidiosa comparative genomic database is an information resource to explore the annotation, genomic features, and biology of different strains SO GENETICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE genome annotation and assembly; comparative genomics; mobile genetic elements AB The Xylella fastidiosa comparative genomic database is a scientific resource with the aim to provide a user-friendly interface for accessing high-quality manually curated genomic annotation and comparative sequence analysis, as well as for identifying and mapping prophage-like elements, a marked feature of Xylella genomes. Here we describe a database and tools for exploring the biology of this important plant pathogen. The hallmarks of this database are the high quality genomic annotation, the functional and comparative genomic analysis and the identification and mapping of prophage-like elements. It is available from web site http://www.xylella.lncc.br. C1 [Varani, Alessandro M.; Monteiro-Vitorello, Claudia B.; Cunha, Oberdan L.; Lima, Wanessa C.; Van Sluys, Marie-Anne] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Biociencias, Dept Bot, Genome & Transposable Elements Lab, BR-05508090 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [de Almeida, Luiz G. P.; Souza, Rangel C.; Vasconcelos, Ana T. R.] Lab Nacl Comp Cient, Lab Bioinformat, Petropolis, RJ, Brazil. [Civerolo, Edwin] ARS, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA USA. RP Van Sluys, MA (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Biociencias, Dept Bot, Genome & Transposable Elements Lab, Rua Matao 277, BR-05508090 Sao Paulo, Brazil. EM mavsluys@usp.br RI Almeida, Luiz/G-5829-2012; Van Sluys, Marie-Anne/A-8483-2012; de Mello Varani, Alessandro/F-6887-2011; Vasconcelos, Ana Tereza/I-1011-2012; Monteiro-Vitorello, Claudia/F-2436-2012; IB/USP, Botanica/Q-7627-2016 OI Almeida, Luiz/0000-0002-7124-2715; Van Sluys, Marie-Anne/0000-0002-6506-2734; de Mello Varani, Alessandro/0000-0002-8876-3269; Vasconcelos, Ana Tereza/0000-0002-4632-2086; Monteiro-Vitorello, Claudia/0000-0002-1238-9354; IB/USP, Botanica/0000-0002-4192-3747 FU FAPESP (Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil); CAPES/CNPq (Brasilia, DF, Brazil); USDA-ARS FX We thank Anamaria Aranha Camargo, Alexandre Morais do Amaral, Sergio Verjovski-Almeida, Luis Eduardo Aranha Camargo, Carlos F.M. Menck, Marilis do Valle Marques, Eliana Macedo Lemos, Manoel Vitor Lemos, Ana Lucia Nascimento, Mariana C. de Oliveira and Marcelo Zerillo for assistance in the re-annotation process, and Roger Paixao for extensive bioinformatics support. This work was supported by FAPESP (Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil) and CAPES/CNPq (Brasilia, DF, Brazil) and USDA-ARS. NR 17 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 9 PU SOC BRASIL GENETICA PI RIBEIRAO PRET PA RUA CAP ADELMIO NORBET DA SILVA, 736, ALTO DA BOA VISTA, 14025-670 RIBEIRAO PRET, BRAZIL SN 1415-4757 J9 GENET MOL BIOL JI Genet. Mol. Biol. PY 2012 VL 35 IS 1 BP 149 EP 152 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 905VV UT WOS:000301305200021 PM 22481888 ER PT J AU van de Lindt, JW Gupta, R Pei, SL Tachibana, K Araki, Y Rammer, D Isoda, H AF van de Lindt, John W. Gupta, Rakesh Pei, Shiling Tachibana, Kazuki Araki, Yasuhiro Rammer, Douglas Isoda, Hiroshi TI Damage Assessment of a Full-Scale Six-Story Wood-Frame Building Following Triaxial Shake Table Tests SO JOURNAL OF PERFORMANCE OF CONSTRUCTED FACILITIES LA English DT Article DE Damage assessment; Earthquake; Shake table; Full-scale experiment; Performance AB In the summer of 2009, a full-scale midrise wood-frame building was tested under a series of simulated earthquakes on the world's largest shake table in Miki City, Japan. The objective of this series of tests was to validate a performance-based seismic design approach by qualitatively and quantitatively examining the building's seismic performance in terms of response kinematics and observed damage. This paper presents the results of detailed damage inspections following each test in a series of five shake table tests, and explains their qualitative synthesis to provide design method validation. The seismic test program had two phases. Phase I was the testing of a seven-story mixed-use building with the first story consisting of a steel special moment frame (SMF) and stories 2-7 made of light-frame wood. In Phase II, the SMF was heavily braced such that it effectively became an extension of the shake table and testing was conducted on only stories 2-7, making the building a six-story light-frame multifamily residential building instead of a mixed-use building. All earthquake motions were scalings of the 1994 Northridge earthquake at the Canoga Park recording station with seismic intensities ranging from peak ground accelerations of 0.22 to 0.88 g. The building performed quite well during all earthquakes with damage only to the gypsum wall board (drywall), no sill plate splitting, no nails withdrawing or pulling through the sheathing, no edge tearing of the sheathing, no visible stud splitting around tie-down rods, and reasonable floor accelerations. On the basis of damage inspection, it was concluded that it is possible to design this type of building and keep the damage to a manageable level during major earthquakes by utilizing the new design approach. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)CF.1943-5509.0000202. (C) 2012 American Society of Civil Engineers C1 [van de Lindt, John W.] Univ Alabama, Dept Civil Construct & Environm Engn, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Gupta, Rakesh] Oregon State Univ, Dept Wood Sci & Engn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Pei, Shiling] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Tachibana, Kazuki] Univ Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. [Araki, Yasuhiro] Kobe Univ, Kobe, Hyogo 657, Japan. [Rammer, Douglas] US Forest Serv, Madison, WI 53705 USA. [Isoda, Hiroshi] Shinshu Univ, Nagano, Japan. RP van de Lindt, JW (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Civil Construct & Environm Engn, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. EM jwvandelindt@eng.ua.edu FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [CMMI-0529903, CMMI-0402490]; Simpson Strong-Tie; Maui Homes; British Columbia Ministry of Housing and Social Development; Stanley Bostitch; Strocal, Inc.; Structural Solutions, Inc.; Louisiana-Pacific Corp.; Natural Resources Canada; Forestry Innovation Investment; APA-The Engineered Wood Association; American Forest and Paper Association; Howdy; Ainsworth; Calvert Glulam; 2 x 4 Association of Japan FX The material presented in this paper is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) under Grant No. CMMI-0529903 (NEES Research) and CMMI-0402490 (NEES Operations). Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NSF. The authors are grateful to the overall NEESWood project team made up of David V. Rosowsky, Andre Filiatrault, Rachel A. Davidson, and Michael D. Symans. Thank you also to Weichang Pang of Clemson University for his participation in the design portion of the Capstone test specimen. Thank you to NSF EU's Doug Allen and Kathryn Pfretzschner; researchers Izumi Nakamura, Chikahiro Minowa, and Professor Mikio Koshihara. Graduate student Tomoya Okazaki contributed to the construction and instrumentation. Thank you also to Steve Pryor and Tim Ellis of Simpson Strong-Tie and David Clyne of Maui Homes USA. Technical collaborators beyond the authors' affiliations included FPInnovations Forintek Division and Maui Homes. Financial and in-kind product and personal donations were provided by Simpson Strong-Tie; Maui Homes; British Columbia Ministry of Housing and Social Development; Stanley Bostitch; Strocal, Inc.; Structural Solutions, Inc.; Louisiana-Pacific Corp.; Natural Resources Canada; Forestry Innovation Investment; APA-The Engineered Wood Association; the American Forest and Paper Association; Howdy; Ainsworth; Calvert Glulam; and the 2 x 4 Association of Japan. NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 8 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0887-3828 J9 J PERFORM CONSTR FAC JI J. Perform. Constr. Facil. PD JAN-FEB PY 2012 VL 26 IS 1 BP 17 EP 25 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)CF.1943-5509.0000202 PG 9 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 908UU UT WOS:000301519100004 ER PT J AU Duke, SH Vinje, MA Henson, CA AF Duke, Stanley H. Vinje, Marcus A. Henson, Cynthia A. TI Tracking Amylolytic Enzyme Activities During Congress Mashing with North American Barley Cultivars: Comparisons of Patterns of Activity and beta-Amylases with Differing Bmy1 Intron III Alleles and Correlations of Amylolytic Enzyme Activities SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF BREWING CHEMISTS LA English DT Article DE alpha-Amylase; beta-Amylase; Bmy1 intron III alleles; Enzyme thermostability; Limit dextrinase; Mashing ID HORDEUM-VULGARE L.; SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; MALT QUALITY MEASUREMENTS; DIASTATIC POWER ENZYMES; PISUM-SATIVUM-L; ALPHA-AMYLASE; LIMIT DEXTRINASE; OSMOLYTE CONCENTRATION; GERMINATING BARLEY; NITRATE REDUCTASE AB J. Am. Soc. Brew. Chem. 70(1):10-28, 2012 This study was conducted to test three hypotheses: 1) that alpha-amylase will have less consistent patterns of activity during mashing than will beta-amylase and limit dextrinase; 2) that differing beta-amylase 1 intron III alleles (Bmy1.a and Bmy1.b) would not be useful in predicting high or low activities or thermostabilities among cultivars; and 3) that correlations of alpha-amylase versus beta-amylase activities would be more significant than for either amylase versus limit dextrinase during the initial 55 min of mashing, when the bulk of wort sugars are produced. Malts of six two-row and six six-row barley cultivars were mashed, and amylolytic enzymes were assayed at six time points during mashing. alpha-Amylase activities of four cultivars peaked at 30 min (45 degrees C), six at 55 min (70 degrees C), and two at 75 min (70 degrees C). beta-Amylase activities of all cultivars peaked sharply at 30 min (45 degrees C) into mashing and declined precipitously thereafter, rapidly approaching near nil by 75 min. Limit dextrinase activities of 11 of 12 cultivars peaked at 55 min (70 degrees C), and one peaked at 30 min (45 degrees C). These data indicate no uniform pattern for the development of alpha-amylase activity compared with patterns for beta-amylase and limit dextrinase during mashing. Steptoe, a feed barley cultivar, had much lower peak activities for all three amylolytic enzymes than did malting cultivars. The highest beta-amylase activities during mashing of cultivars with either the Bmy1.a (Legacy, Lacey, and Morex) or Bmy1.b) (Merit and Harrington) intron III alleles were not significantly different as determined by least significant difference (LSD) analysis (P < 0.0001). As temperatures increased from 45 to 70 degrees C (55 min). percentages of the highest beta-amylase activities decreased from 11.9% (Rasmusson) to 41.5% (Steptoe). LSD analysis revealed that Steptoe (Bmy1.a allele) had significantly higher beta-amylase thermostability than did malting cultivars. The highest malting barley thermostabilities for beta-amylases (Lacey [Bmy1.a allele] and Harrington [Bmy1.b allele]) were not significantly different (P < 0.0001). Correlations of alpha-amylase versus beta-amylase activities were positive and significant in seven of nine possible correlations from 5 to 55 min of mashing, whereas alpha-amylase and beta-amylase versus limit dextrinase activity correlations over the same period were significant in two of nine and one of nine correlations, respectively. This study supports all three of the proposed hypotheses. C1 [Duke, Stanley H.; Henson, Cynthia A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Vinje, Marcus A.; Henson, Cynthia A.] USDA ARS, CCRU, Madison, WI USA. RP Duke, SH (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM shduke@wisc.edu FU American Malting Barley Association, Inc.; USDA-ARS, USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service FX Financial support was provided by the American Malting Barley Association, Inc. and the USDA-ARS, USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service, U.S. Barley Genome Project Special Grant. We thank Charles B. Karpelenia and Joseph T. Dietrich for their expert technical assistance, Allen D. Budde for provision of malt used in this study, Christopher H. Martens for providing malt quality data, and Michael J. Edney for providing information on the history of Canadian malt quality measurements by the Canadian Grain Commission. NR 93 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER SOC BREWING CHEMISTS INC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0361-0470 J9 J AM SOC BREW CHEM JI J. Am. Soc. Brew. Chem. PY 2012 VL 70 IS 1 BP 10 EP 28 DI 10.1094/ASBCJ-2012-0131-01 PG 19 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 910EX UT WOS:000301621100002 ER PT J AU Shen, JC Wyman, CE AF Shen, Jiacheng Wyman, Charles E. TI Hydrochloric Acid-Catalyzed Levulinic Acid Formation from Cellulose: Data and Kinetic Model to Maximize Yields SO AICHE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cellulose; levulinic acid; hydrochloric acid; kinetics; model; rate control ID DECOMPOSITION; HYDROLYSIS; GLUCOSE; STRAW; WATER AB In this study, the kinetics of the acid catalyzed hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel PH101) to levulinic (LA) and formic (FA) acids was investigated in a batch reactor over the following range of conditions: 160-200 degrees C, hydrochloric acid concentrations of 0.309-0.927 M (11.3-33.8 g/l), cellulose concentrations of 49.8-149 mM (8.06-24.1 g/l), and residence times of 0-50 min. The maximum LA yield of around 60% of theoretical was achieved for an initial cellulose concentration of 99.6 mM, acid concentration 0.927 M, and 180-200 degrees C. A mathematical model and its analytical solution were developed to predict conversion of cellulose to LA and FA through glucose and hydroxymethyl-2-furfural based on an irreversible pseudo-first order reaction. Rate analysis of each reaction indicated that the rate-controlling step shifted from LA formation initially to HMF formation later. (C) 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 58: 236-246, 2012 C1 [Shen, Jiacheng] USDA, NW Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. [Wyman, Charles E.] Univ Calif Riverside, Bourns Coll Engn, Ctr Environm Res & Technol, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Wyman, Charles E.] Univ Calif Riverside, Bourns Coll Engn, Chem & Environm Engn Dept, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Shen, JC (reprint author), USDA, NW Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. EM jiacheg.shen@ars.usda.gov FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA); University of Massachusetts [09-005334-000]; Ford Motor Company FX The authors thank the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) and University of Massachusetts for providing financial support (contract No. 09-005334-000) for this project. They also appreciate the Center for Environmental Research and Technology of the Bourns College of Engineering (CE-CERT) at the University of California, Riverside (UCR) for providing key equipment and facilities. The second author is grateful to the Ford Motor Company for funding the Chair in Environmental Engineering at the Center for Environmental Research and Technology of the Bourns College of Engineering at UCR that augments support for many projects such as this. NR 17 TC 53 Z9 55 U1 4 U2 61 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0001-1541 J9 AICHE J JI AICHE J. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 58 IS 1 BP 236 EP 246 DI 10.1002/aic.12556 PG 11 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 904UU UT WOS:000301224400021 ER PT J AU Pollak, EJ Bennett, GL Snelling, WM Thallman, RM Kuehn, LA AF Pollak, E. J. Bennett, G. L. Snelling, W. M. Thallman, R. M. Kuehn, L. A. TI Genomics and the global beef cattle industry SO ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; CARCASS COMPOSITION; GENETIC EVALUATION; AFFECTING GROWTH; ANGUS CATTLE; ASSOCIATION; VALIDATION; MYOSTATIN; SELECTION; CROSS AB After two decades of developing DNA-based tools for selection, we are at an interesting juncture. Genomic technology has essentially eliminated the potentially large negative impact of spontaneous single-mutation genetic defects as the management of recent examples in beef cattle have demonstrated. We have the ability to perform more accurate selection based on molecular breeding values (MBVs) for animals closely related to the discovery population. Yet the amount of genetic variation explained falls short of expectations held for the technology. Tests are less effective in distant relatives within a breed and are not robust enough for across-breed use. It is hypothesised that 'larger single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) panels' will help extend the effective use of tests to more distantly related animals and across breeds. Sequencing and imputing sequences across individuals will enable us to discover causative mutations or SNPs in perfect harmony with the mutation. However, the investment to revisit discovery populations will be large. We can ill afford to duplicate genotyping or sequencing activities for prominent individuals. Hence, a global strategy for genotyping and sequencing becomes an attractive proposition as many of our livestock populations are related. As we learned more of the complexities of the genome, the number of animals in discovery populations necessary to achieve high levels of predictability has grown dramatically. No one organisation has the resources to assemble the animals needed, especially for novel, expensive or hard to measure phenotypes. This scenario is fertile ground for increased international collaboration in all livestock species. C1 [Pollak, E. J.; Bennett, G. L.; Snelling, W. M.; Thallman, R. M.; Kuehn, L. A.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Pollak, EJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, POB 166, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM e.john.pollak@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 12 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1836-0939 J9 ANIM PROD SCI JI Anim. Prod. Sci. PY 2012 VL 52 IS 2-3 BP 92 EP 99 DI 10.1071/AN11120 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 902TS UT WOS:000301064800004 ER PT J AU Cheng, HH MacEachern, S Subramaniam, S Muir, WM AF Cheng, Hans H. MacEachern, Sean Subramaniam, Sugalesini Muir, William M. TI Chicks and single-nucleotide polymorphisms: an entree into identifying genes conferring disease resistance in chicken SO ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE gene expression; genetic resistance; Marek's disease; next-generation sequencing; poultry ID MAREKS-DISEASE; BINDING-SITES; VIRUS; EXPRESSION; EVOLUTION; TRANSFORMATION; HERPESVIRUS; ONCOGENES; GENOMICS; SEQUENCE AB Marek's disease (MD) is one of the most serious chronic infectious disease threats to the poultry industry worldwide. Selecting for increased genetic resistance to MD is a control strategy that can augment current vaccinal control measures. Although our previous efforts integrating various genomic screens successfully identified three resistance genes, the main limitation was mapping precision, which hindered our ability to identify and further evaluate high-confidence candidate genes. Towards identifying the remaining genes of this complex trait, we incorporated three additional approaches made substantially more powerful through next-generation sequencing and that exploit the growing importance of expression variation. First, we screened for allele-specific expression (ASE) in response to Marek's disease virus (MDV) infection, which, when allelic imbalance was identified, is sufficient to indicate a cis-acting element for a specific gene. Second, sequencing of genomic regions enriched by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) combined with transcript profiling identified motifs bound and genes directly regulated by MDV Meq, a bZIP transcription factor and the viral oncogene. Finally, analysis of genomic sequences from two experimental lines divergently selected for MD genetic resistance allowed inference about regions under selection as well as potential causative polymorphisms. These new combined approaches have resulted in a large number of high-confidence genes conferring MD resistance reflecting the multigenic basis of this trait, which expands our biological knowledge and provides corresponding single-nucleotide polymorhpisms (SNPs) that can be directly evaluated for their genetic contribution towards disease resistance. C1 [Cheng, Hans H.] ARS, USDA, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Cheng, Hans H.; Subramaniam, Sugalesini] Michigan State Univ, Comparat Med & Integrat Biol Grad Program, Coll Vet Med, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [MacEachern, Sean] Cobb Vantress Inc, Siloam Springs, AR 72761 USA. [Muir, William M.] Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Cheng, HH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, 3606 E Mt Hope Rd, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. EM hans.cheng@ars.usda.gov FU National Research Initiative from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2008-35205-18745, 2009-35205-05035] FX We thank Laurie Molitor for excellent technical assistance, and Seth Crosby for conducting the Illumina GoldenGate assays. This project was supported in part by National Research Initiative competitive grants no. 2008-35205-18745 and 2009-35205-05035 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Animal Genome Program. NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1836-0939 EI 1836-5787 J9 ANIM PROD SCI JI Anim. Prod. Sci. PY 2012 VL 52 IS 2-3 BP 151 EP 156 DI 10.1071/AN11099 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 902TS UT WOS:000301064800012 ER PT J AU Miles, JR McDaneld, TG Wiedmann, RT Cushman, RA Echternkamp, SE Vallet, JL Smith, TPL AF Miles, J. R. McDaneld, T. G. Wiedmann, R. T. Cushman, R. A. Echternkamp, S. E. Vallet, J. L. Smith, T. P. L. TI MicroRNA expression profile in bovine cumulus-oocyte complexes: Possible role of let-7 and miR-106a in the development of bovine oocytes SO ANIMAL REPRODUCTION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Cattle; Cumulus-oocyte complex; miRNA; Oogenesis; Post-transcriptional regulation ID ADIPOSE-TISSUE; MOUSE; IDENTIFICATION; TRANSCRIPTOME; COMPETENCE; BIOGENESIS; MECHANISM; GERMLINE; CELLS; MYC AB The objectives of this study included: (1) identify the expression of miRNAs specific to bovine cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) during late oogenesis, (2) characterize the expression of candidate miRNAs as well as some miRNA processing genes, and (3) computationally identify and characterize the expression of target mRNAs for candidate miRNAs. Small RNAs in the 16-27 bp range were isolated from pooled COCs aspirated from 1- to 10-mm follicles of beef cattle ovaries and used to construct a cDNA library. A total 1798 putative miRNA sequences from the cDNA library of small RNA were compared to known miRNAs. Sixty-four miRNA clusters matched previously reported sequences in the miR-Base database and 5 miRNA clusters had not been reported. TaqMan miRNA assays were used to confirm the expression of let-7b, let-7i, and miR-106a from independent collections of COCs. Real-time PCR assays were used to characterize expression of miRNA processing genes and target mRNAs (MYC and WEE1A) for the candidate miRNAs from independent collections of COCs. Expression data were analyzed using general linear model procedures for analysis of variance. The expression of let-7b and let-7i were not different between the cellular populations from various sized follicles. However, miR-106a expression was greater (P < 0.01) in oocytes compared with COCs and granulosa cells. Furthermore, all the miRNA processing genes have greater expression (P < 0.001) in oocytes compared with COCs and granulosa cells. The expression of potential target mRNAs for let-7 and let-7i (i.e.. MYC), and miR-106a (i.e., WEE1A) were decreased (P < 0.05) in oocytes compared with COCs and granulosa cells. These results demonstrate specific miRNAs within bovine COCs during late oogenesis and provide some evidence that miRNAs may play a role regulating maternal mRNAs in bovine oocytes. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Miles, J. R.; McDaneld, T. G.; Wiedmann, R. T.; Cushman, R. A.; Echternkamp, S. E.; Vallet, J. L.; Smith, T. P. L.] USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Miles, JR (reprint author), POB 166, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM Jeremy.Miles@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS, CRIS [5438-31000-084-00D] FX The authors thank Kevin Beavers and Susan Hassler for technical assistance in collection and processing of samples; Kevin Tennill and Steve Simcox for assistance with sequencing; Linda Parnell for secretarial assistance; Drs. Amanda Lindholm-Perry and Karina Rodriguez for critical review of the manuscript; and Premium Protein Products, LLC, Hastings, NE, for providing assistance with collection of tissues. Research supported by USDA-ARS, CRIS Project No. 5438-31000-084-00D. NR 40 TC 36 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4320 J9 ANIM REPROD SCI JI Anim. Reprod. Sci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 130 IS 1-2 BP 16 EP 26 DI 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2011.12.021 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Reproductive Biology SC Agriculture; Reproductive Biology GA 905MD UT WOS:000301275400003 PM 22269106 ER PT J AU Dien, BS Wicklow, DT Singh, V Moreau, RA Winkler-Moser, JK Cotta, MA AF Dien, Bruce S. Wicklow, Donald T. Singh, Vijay Moreau, Robert A. Winkler-Moser, Jill K. Cotta, Michael A. TI Influence of Stenocarpella maydis Infected Corn on the Composition of Corn Kernel and Its Conversion into Ethanol SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID FUSARIUM MYCOTOXINS; CONTAMINATED CORN; BREWING YEASTS; EAR ROT; DIPLODIA-MAYDIS; FUMONISIN B-1; FERMENTATION; ZEARALENONE; GROWTH; GRAINS AB Widespread epidemics of Stenocarpella ear rot (formerly Diplodia ear rot) have occurred throughout the central U.S. Corn Belt in recent years, but the influence of S. maydis infected grain on corn ethanol production is unknown. In this study. S. maydis infected ears of variety Heritage 4646 were hand-harvested in 2010 from a production field in central Illinois and segregated into one of five levels of ear rot severity based upon visual symptoms. The concentration of ergosterol, a sterol produced by fungi but not plants, was observed to increase with the severity of ear rot (127-306.5 mu g/g), and none was detected in the control corn. Corn test weight declined with progression of the disease and was 42.6% lower for the most severely rotted grain from ears infected early in their development. Accompanying), changes in composition were also apparent. Crude fat and oil contents decreased (from 4.7 to 1.5%) and fiber increased (from 6.6 to 9.6%), but starch content remained largely invariant. Oil composition also varied among the infected samples. Control and infected corn samples were subjected to ethanol fermentation with a laboratory-scale corn dry-grind ethanol process. Ethanol yields for control and infected samples were similar on an equivalent weight basis 12.77-2.85 gal/bu). In comparison with the control, S. maydis infection altered the distillers dried grains with solubles (DOGS) properties, wherein the crude protein was significantly higher and oil significantly reduced, and ash, fiber, and yield per ton were not significantly different. Based upon these results, we conclude that Stenocarpella ear rot has the potential to affect DDGS composition but not ethanol yield on an equivalent weight basis. C1 [Dien, Bruce S.; Cotta, Michael A.] ARS, Bioenergy Res Unit, NCAUR, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Singh, Vijay] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Moreau, Robert A.] ARS, Sustainable Biofuels & Coprod Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Winkler-Moser, Jill K.] ARS, Funct Foods Res Unit, NCAUR, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Dien, BS (reprint author), ARS, Bioenergy Res Unit, NCAUR, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM bruce.dien@ars.usda.gov OI Cotta, Michael/0000-0003-4565-7754; Moreau, Robert/0000-0002-8166-8322; Dien, Bruce/0000-0003-3863-6664 NR 45 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 10 PU AACC INTERNATIONAL PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD JAN-FEB PY 2012 VL 89 IS 1 BP 15 EP 23 DI 10.1094/CCHEM-09-11-0107 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 906GG UT WOS:000301332300002 ER PT J AU Delwiche, SR Morris, CF Mabille, F Abecassis, J AF Delwiche, Stephen R. Morris, Craig F. Mabille, Frederic Abecassis, Joel TI Influence of Instrument Rigidity and Specimen Geometry on Calculations of Compressive Strength Properties of Wheat Endosperm SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID GRAIN HARDNESS; RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES; BEHAVIOR; FRACTURE; PUROINDOLINES; BRICKS AB Endosperm texture is one of the most important quality features in wheat; it defines milling energy requirements and end-use suitability. From an engineering perspective, texture can be quantified by measuring the physical property of the resistance force to crushing of precisely machined specimens of endosperm. In such procedures, cylindrical or parallelepiped blocks are crushed under a constant rate of strain, in which values are reported of maximum stress, strain at maximum stress, Young's modulus, and the energy of compression to the point of maximum stress. Generally overlooked, however, is the instrument itself, which can significantly affect the apparent values of the latter three properties. Because no instrument is infinitely rigid, departures between apparent and actual strength properties occur. In this study, the physical principles for compressive strength measurement with respect to corrections for instrument rigidity are developed. Results show that the departures are exacerbated in specimens of small slenderness ratio and elevated hardness. This issue is demonstrated in a small collaborative study involving three laboratories and three instruments with low, intermediate, and high rigidity. Specimens were prepared from wheat kernels from hard and soft near-isogenic lines derived from the cultivar Alpowa. For strain at maximum stress, the implementation of a correction for instrument rigidity reduced the range across laboratories from 6.03-47.7% (before correction) to 4.49-7.35% (after correction) for the hard genotype, and the corresponding ranges for the soft genotype were 3.29-18.6% and 2.07-6.01%, respectively. For Young's modulus, instrument rigidity correction resulted in a tenfold correction for the hard genotype measured on the least rigid instrument, going from 0.21 GPa (before) to 4.9 GPa (after). Likewise, with this instrument, the imparted energy density to maximum stress was reduced from an average apparent value of 23 MJ/m(3) (before) to 3.8 MJ/m(3) (after). Because of these large differences between apparent and actual values for these physical-strength properties, it is recommended that future strength property measurements should account for instrument rigidity by implementation of the correction procedure described herein. C1 [Delwiche, Stephen R.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Food Qual Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Morris, Craig F.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS Western Wheat Qual Lab, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Mabille, Frederic; Abecassis, Joel] INRA CIRAD UMII Supagro, UMR Agropolymers Engn & Emerging Technol 1208, Inst Natl Rech Agron, F-34000 Montpellier, France. RP Delwiche, SR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Food Qual Lab, Bldg 303,BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM stephen.delwiche@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 7 PU AACC INTERNATIONAL PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD JAN-FEB PY 2012 VL 89 IS 1 BP 24 EP 29 DI 10.1094/CCHEM-08-11-0100 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 906GG UT WOS:000301332300003 ER PT J AU Yan, SP Wu, XR Faubion, J Bean, SR Cai, LM Shi, YC Sun, XZS Wang, DH AF Yan, Shuping Wu, Xiaorong Faubion, Jon Bean, Scott R. Cai, Liming Shi, Yong-Cheng Sun, Xiuzhi S. Wang, Donghai TI Ethanol-Production Performance of Ozone-Treated Tannin Grain Sorghum Flour SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CORN; IMPROVEMENT; QUALITY; PROTEIN; DEGRADATION; AMYLOSE; STARCH AB Ozone has been reported as being able to degrade macromolecules such as cellulose, starch, lignins, and tannins in the textile, pulping, and water-treatment industries. Thus, we hypothesized that ozone treatment may also inactivate tannin activity and increase fermentation efficiency of tannin sorghum lines. The objective of this research was to study the physicochemical properties of ozone-treated whole tannin grain sorghum flour and its fermentation performance in ethanol production. Results showed that the ethanol yields from ozone-treated tannin grain sorghums were significantly higher than yields from the untreated flour. The fermentation efficiency of ozone-treated tannin grain sorghum was approximately 90%, which was 8-14% higher than that of untreated samples at the 36th hr of fermentation. At the end of 72 hr of fermentation, the efficiencies of ozone-treated sorghum flour were 2-5% higher than those of untreated samples. Measured tannin levels of ozone-treated samples decreased significantly from 3.8 to 2.7%. Gel-permeation chromatographic results indicated that both degradation and polymerization processes might have happened to starch molecules during ozone treatment. Rapid Visco Analyzer data showed that the setback of viscosity of ozone-treated flour was lower than that of untreated flours. Distillers dried grains with solubles made from ozone-treated sorghum were low in residual starch (<1%) and high in crude protein (approximate to 35%). Therefore, ozonation could be a novel and useful method to improve ethanol yield and fermentation efficiency of tannin grain sorghum. C1 [Yan, Shuping; Wu, Xiaorong; Wang, Donghai] Kansas State Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Faubion, Jon; Cai, Liming; Shi, Yong-Cheng; Sun, Xiuzhi S.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Grain Sci & Ind, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Bean, Scott R.] ARS, USDA, Grain & Anim Hlth Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Wang, DH (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM dwang@ksu.edu NR 41 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 11 PU AACC INTERNATIONAL PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD JAN-FEB PY 2012 VL 89 IS 1 BP 30 EP 37 DI 10.1094/CCHEM-06-11-0075 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 906GG UT WOS:000301332300004 ER PT J AU Swope, SM Satterthwaite, WH AF Swope, Sarah M. Satterthwaite, William H. TI Variable effects of a generalist parasitoid on a biocontrol seed predator and its target weed SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Centaurea solstitialis; Eustenopus villosus; individual-based model; invasive; seed predation; spatially explicit; trophic cascade ID PYEMOTES-TRITICI ACARI; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL AGENT; CENTAUREA-SOLSTITIALIS; APPARENT COMPETITION; YELLOW STARTHISTLE; CYTISUS-SCOPARIUS; INVASIVE PLANT; CURCULIONIDAE; ACCUMULATION; PRODUCTIVITY AB Biological control (the importation of enemies from an invader's native range) is often considered our best chance of controlling the most widespread invaders. Ideally, the agent reduces invader abundance to some acceptably low level, and the two coexist at low density with the agent providing continuous control over the long term. But the outcome may be complicated when the agent is attacked by native predators and parasites. We used a spatially explicit, discrete-time, individual-based, coupled plant-seed predator-parasitoid model to estimate the impact of the biocontrol agent Envenoms villosus (a seed predator) on the invasive, annual weed Centaurea solstitialis, both with and without the generalist parasitoid Pyemotes tritici. We estimated the agent's ability to reduce plant density, spread rate, and population growth rate over 50 years. We used long-term demographic data from two sites in central California, USA, to parameterize the model and assess how populations in different climatic zones might respond differently to the agent and the parasitoid. We found that the biocontrol agent reduced plant density (relative to predictions for an uncontrolled invasion), but its impact on the invader's spread rate was modest and inconsistent. The agent had no long-term impact on population growth rate (lambda). Parasitism caused a trophic cascade, the strength of which varied between sites. At our coastal site, the parasitoid entirely eliminated the impact of the agent on the plant. At our Central Valley site, even when parasitized, the agent significantly reduced plant density and spread rate over several decades (although to a lesser degree than when it was not parasitized), but not invader lambda. Surprisingly, we also found that the length of time the invader was allowed to spread across the landscape prior to introducing the agent (5, 25, or 50 years) had little influence over its ability to control the weed in the long term. This is encouraging news for land managers attempting to control invasive plants that have already established widespread, high-density populations. Unfortunately, our results also show that attack by the native generalist parasitoid had a larger influence over how effectively the agent reduced invader performance. C1 [Swope, Sarah M.] ARS, USDA, Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Swope, Sarah M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Satterthwaite, William H.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Ctr Stock Assessment Res, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RP Swope, SM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Great Basin Res Unit, 920 Valley Rd, Reno, NV 89512 USA. EM sarah.swope@ars.usda.gov FU NSF [DEB-0808337]; Jean Langenheim Fellowship for Plant Ecology and Evolution; Center for Stock Assessment Research FX We are grateful to two anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful comments, which greatly improved the manuscript. The demographic data used to parameterize the model were collected with indispensible field help from Maggie Barr, Marci Beitch, Joe Braasch, Aaron Johnson, and Ilana Stein. Very special thanks to Joe Braasch for hours of careful seed counting. Chris Mahelis provided the identification of Pyemotes tritici. Pete Riamondi kindly provided statistical advice. Our code for random draws from a negative binomial distribution used MATLAB code made publicly available by Matthew Roughan and Bill Higley. S. M. Swope is grateful for the support of an NSF Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant (DEB-0808337) and the Jean Langenheim Fellowship for Plant Ecology and Evolution during the first two years of the field data collection for this project. W. H. Satterthwaite is grateful for support, facilities, and intellectual freedom provided by the Center for Stock Assessment Research. NR 45 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 31 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 22 IS 1 BP 20 EP 34 PG 15 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 903DG UT WOS:000301095600004 PM 22471073 ER PT J AU Rehfeldt, GE Crookston, NL Saenz-Romero, C Campbell, EM AF Rehfeldt, Gerald E. Crookston, Nicholas L. Saenz-Romero, Cuauhtemoc Campbell, Elizabeth M. TI North American vegetation model for land-use planning in a changing climate: a solution to large classification problems SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE climate change impacts; climate niche modeling; land management alternatives; Random Forests classification tree; vegetation models ID UNITED-STATES; PLANT-POPULATIONS; SPRUCE BUDWORM; BOREAL FOREST; GLOBAL-CHANGE; DROUGHT; COMMUNITIES; MORTALITY; ECOSYSTEM; DISTRIBUTIONS AB Data points intensively sampling 46 North American biomes were used to predict the geographic distribution of biomes from climate variables using the Random Forests classification tree. Techniques were incorporated to accommodate a large number of classes and to predict the future occurrence of climates beyond the contemporary climatic range of the biomes. Errors of prediction from the statistical model averaged 3.7%, but for individual bionics, ranged from 0% to 21.5%. In validating the ability of the model to identify climates without analogs, 78% of 1528 locations outside North America and 81% of land area of the Caribbean Islands were predicted to have no analogs among the 46 biomes. Biome climates were projected into the future according to low and high greenhouse gas emission scenarios of three General Circulation Models for three periods, the decades surrounding 2030, 2060, and 2090. Prominent in the projections were (I) expansion of climates suitable for the tropical dry deciduous forests of Mexico, (2) expansion of climates typifying desertscrub biomes of western USA and northern Mexico, (3) stability of climates typifying the evergreen-deciduous forests of eastern USA, and (4) northward expansion of climates suited to temperate forests, Great Plains grasslands, and montane forests to the detriment of taiga and tundra climates. Maps indicating either poor agreement among projections or climates without contemporary analogs identify geographic areas where land management programs would be most equivocal. Concentrating efforts and resources where projections are more certain can assure land managers a greater likelihood of success. C1 [Rehfeldt, Gerald E.; Crookston, Nicholas L.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Forestry Sci Lab, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Saenz-Romero, Cuauhtemoc] UMSNH, IIAF, Tarimbaro 58880, Michoacan, Mexico. [Campbell, Elizabeth M.] Canadian Forest Serv, Pacific Forestry Ctr, Victoria, BC V8Z 1M5, Canada. RP Rehfeldt, GE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Forestry Sci Lab, 1221 South Main, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. EM jrehfeldt@gmail.com NR 55 TC 81 Z9 84 U1 3 U2 125 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 22 IS 1 BP 119 EP 141 PG 23 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 903DG UT WOS:000301095600010 PM 22471079 ER PT J AU Leites, LP Robinson, AP Rehfeldt, GE Marshall, JD Crookston, NL AF Leites, Laura P. Robinson, Andrew P. Rehfeldt, Gerald E. Marshall, John D. Crookston, Nicholas L. TI Height-growth response to climatic changes differs among populations of Douglas-fir: a novel analysis of historic data SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE climate change response functions; genotype by environment interaction; provenance tests; provenance transfer functions; Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca ID MENZIESII VAR GLAUCA; CARBON-ISOTOPE DISCRIMINATION; PREDICT OPTIMAL-GROWTH; PSEUDOTSUGA-MENZIESII; PROVENANCE TESTS; ECOLOGICAL ADAPTATIONS; PINUS-CONTORTA; GAS-EXCHANGE; JACK PINE; WASHINGTON AB Projected climate change will affect existing forests, as substantial changes are predicted to occur during their life spans. Species that have ample intraspecific genetic differentiation, such as Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco), are expected to. display population-specific growth responses to climate change. Using a mixed-effects modeling approach, we describe three-year height. (HT) growth response to changes in climate of interior Douglas-fir populations. We incorporate climate information at the population level, yielding a model that is specific to both species and population. We use data from provenance tests from previous studies that comprised 236 populations from Idaho, Montana, and eastern Washington, USA. The most sensitive indicator of climate was the mean temperature of the coldest month. Population maximum HT and HT growth response to changes in climate were dependent on seed source climate. All populations had optimum HT growth when transferred to climates with warmer winters; those originating in sites with the. warmest winters were taller across sites and had highest HT growth at transfer distances closest to zero; those from colder climates were shortest and had optimum HT growth when transferred the farthest. Although this differential response damped the height growth differences among populations, cold-climate populations still achieved their maximum growth at lower temperatures than warm-climate populations. The results highlight the relevance of understanding climate change impacts at the population level, particularly in a species with ample genetic variation, among populations. C1 [Leites, Laura P.] Penn State Univ, Sch Forest Resources, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Robinson, Andrew P.] Univ Melbourne, Dept Math & Stat, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. [Rehfeldt, Gerald E.; Crookston, Nicholas L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Marshall, John D.] Univ Idaho, Dept Forest Resources, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. RP Leites, LP (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Sch Forest Resources, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM lpl3@psu.edu OI Robinson, Andrew/0000-0002-0509-6043 FU USDA Forest Service FX This work was funded by the USDA Forest Service Global Climate Change Research Program. We thank three anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments and remarks. NR 38 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 5 U2 41 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 22 IS 1 BP 154 EP 165 PG 12 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 903DG UT WOS:000301095600012 PM 22471081 ER PT J AU Field, SG Schoettle, AW Klutsch, JG Tavener, SJ Antolin, MF AF Field, S. G. Schoettle, A. W. Klutsch, J. G. Tavener, S. J. Antolin, M. F. TI Demographic projection of high-elevation white pines infected with white pine blister rust: a nonlinear disease model SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Cronartium ribicola; disease prevalence; elasticity; five-needle pine; nonlinear disease model; Pinus albicaulis; Pinus flexilis; sensitivity; stage-structured model ID LEAF-AREA INDEX; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; SEED DISPERSAL; PONDEROSA PINE; GRIZZLY BEARS; FORESTS; ESTABLISHMENT; ECOSYSTEMS; NUTCRACKER; MANAGEMENT AB Matrix population models have long been used to examine and predict the fate of threatened populations. However, the majority of these efforts concentrate on long-term equilibrium dynamics of linear systems and their underlying assumptions and, therefore, omit the analysis of transience. Since management decisions are typically concerned with the short term (<100 years), asymptotic analyses could lead to inaccurate conclusions or, worse yet, critical parameters or processes of ecological concern may go undetected altogether. We present a stage-structured, deterministic, nonlinear, disease model which is parameterized for the population dynamics of high-elevation white pines in the face of infection with white pine blister rust (WPBR). We evaluate the model using newly developed software to calculate sensitivity and elasticity for nonlinear population models at any projected time step. We concentrate on two points in time, during transience and at equilibrium, and under two scenarios: a regenerating pine stand following environmental disturbance and a stand perturbed by the introduction of WPBR. The model includes strong density-dependent effects on population dynamics, particularly on seedling recruitment, and results in a structure favoring large trees. However, the introduction of WPBR and its associated disease-induced mortality alters stand structure in favor of smaller stages. Populations with infection probability (beta) greater than or similar to 0.1 do not reach a stable coexisting equilibrium and deterministically approach extinction. The model enables field observations of low infection prevalence among pine seedlings to be reinterpreted as resulting from disease-induced mortality and short residence time in the seedling stage.. Sensitivities and elasticities, combined with model output, suggest that future efforts should focus on improving estimates of within-stand competition, infection probability, and infection cost to survivorship. Mitigating these effects where intervention is possible is expected to produce the greatest effect on population dynamics over a typical management timeframe. C1 [Field, S. G.; Antolin, M. F.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Schoettle, A. W.; Klutsch, J. G.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Klutsch, J. G.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Tavener, S. J.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Math, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Field, SG (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM sgf@colostate.edu OI Klutsch, Jennifer/0000-0001-8839-972X FU USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station [07-RJVA-11221616-252]; USDA Economic Research Service [58-7000-8-0096] FX We thank the following for primary or unpublished data: K. Burns, D. Conkin, J. Coop, M. Germino, A. Sala, and D. Tomback. We thank B. Keane, S. McKinney, and R. Sniezko for insightful discussions. Funding was provided by USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station (#07-RJVA-11221616-252) to M. F. Antolin and USDA Economic Research Service Program of Research on the Economics of Invasive Species Management (PREISM: #58-7000-8-0096) to A. W. Schoettle. We thank members of the "Flexible and Extendible Scientific Undergraduate Experience" program (FESCUE) for valuable discussions and model development. Last, the final version of the manuscript was greatly improved by comments from two anonymous reviewers. NR 52 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 26 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 22 IS 1 BP 166 EP 183 PG 18 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 903DG UT WOS:000301095600013 PM 22471082 ER PT J AU Miller, JD Skinner, CN Safford, HD Knapp, EE Ramirez, CM AF Miller, J. D. Skinner, C. N. Safford, H. D. Knapp, E. E. Ramirez, C. M. TI Trends and causes of severity, size, and number of fires in northwestern California, USA SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE California; fire severity; forest fires; Klamath Mountains; relative differenced normalized burn ratio ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; FOREST-SERVICE LANDS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; KLAMATH MOUNTAINS; SIERRA-NEVADA; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA; BURN SEVERITY; WILDFIRE; VEGETATION; AREA AB Research in the last several years has indicated that fire size and frequency are on the rise in western U.S. forests. Although fire size and frequency are important, they do not necessarily scale with ecosystem effects of fire, as different ecosystems have different ecological and evolutionary relationships with fire. Our study assessed trends and patterns in fire size and frequency from 1910 to 2008 (all fires > 40 ha), and the percentage of high-severity in fires from 1987 to 2008 (all fires > 400 ha) on the four national forests of northwestern California. During 1910-2008, mean and maximum fire size and total annual area burned increased, but we found no temporal trend in the percentage of high-severity fire during 1987-2008. The time series of severity data was strongly influenced by four years with region-wide lightning events that burned huge areas at primarily low moderate severity. Regional fire rotation reached a high of 974 years in 1984 and fell to 95 years by 2008. The percentage of high-severity fire in conifer-dominated forests was generally higher in areas dominated by smaller-diameter trees than in areas with larger-diameter trees. For Douglas-fir forests, the percentage of high-severity fire did not differ significantly between areas that re-burned and areas that only burned once (10% vs. 9%) when re-burned within 30 years. Percentage of high-severity fire decreased to 5% when intervals between first and second fires were >30 years. In contrast, in both mixed-conifer and fir/high-elevation conifer forests, the percentage of high-severity fire was less when re-burned within 30 years compared to first-time burned (12% vs. 16% for mixed conifer; 11% vs. 19% for fir/high-elevation conifer). Additionally, the percentage of high-severity fire did not differ whether the re-burn interval was less than or greater than 30 years. Years with larger fires and greatest area burned were produced by region-wide lightning events, and characterized by less winter and spring precipitation than years dominated by smaller human-ignited fires. Overall percentage of high-severity fire was generally less in years characterized by these region-wide lightning events. Our results suggest that, under certain conditions, wildfires could be more extensively used to achieve ecological and management objectives in northwestern California. C1 [Miller, J. D.; Ramirez, C. M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Remote Sensing Lab, McClellan, CA 95652 USA. [Skinner, C. N.; Knapp, E. E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Redding, CA 96002 USA. [Safford, H. D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA. [Safford, H. D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Miller, JD (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Remote Sensing Lab, 3237 Peacekeeper Way,Suite 101, McClellan, CA 95652 USA. EM jaymiller@fs.fed.us NR 86 TC 66 Z9 67 U1 2 U2 77 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 22 IS 1 BP 184 EP 203 PG 20 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 903DG UT WOS:000301095600014 PM 22471083 ER PT J AU McPhail, LL Babcock, BA AF McPhail, Lihong Lu Babcock, Bruce A. TI Impact of US biofuel policy on US corn and gasoline price variability SO ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Biofuel policy; Price variability; Commodity; Stochastic simulation ID TAX CREDIT; DEMAND; MARKET; VOLATILITY; ECONOMICS; MANDATES; ENERGY; OIL AB Despite a large number of studies that examine the influence of biofuels and biofuel policy on commodity prices, the impact of biofuel policy on commodity price variability is poorly understood. A good understanding of biofuel policy's impact on price variability is important for mitigating food insecurity and assisting policy formation. We examine how U.S. ethanol policies such as the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) mandates and the blend wall affect the price variability of corn and gasoline. We first present an analytical and graphical framework to identify the effect and then use stochastic partial equilibrium simulation to measure the magnitude of the impacts. We show that RFS mandates and the blend wall both reduce the price elasticity of demand for corn and gasoline and therefore increase the price variability when supply shocks occur to the markets. This has important implications for policy actions with respect to maintaining or changing the current RFS mandates and/or blend wall in the US. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [McPhail, Lihong Lu] ERS, Market & Trade Econ Div, USDA, Washington, DC 20472 USA. [Babcock, Bruce A.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Econ, Ctr Agr & Rural Dev, Ames, IA USA. RP McPhail, LL (reprint author), ERS, Market & Trade Econ Div, USDA, 355 E St,SW 6S75, Washington, DC 20472 USA. EM lmcphail@ers.usda.gov NR 38 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 5 U2 29 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-5442 J9 ENERGY JI Energy PD JAN PY 2012 VL 37 IS 1 BP 505 EP 513 DI 10.1016/j.energy.2011.11.004 PG 9 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels GA 894ZK UT WOS:000300465800050 ER PT J AU MacKenzie, RA Bruland, GL AF MacKenzie, Richard Ames Bruland, Gregory L. TI Nekton Communities in Hawaiian Coastal Wetlands: The Distribution and Abundance of Introduced Fish Species SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS LA English DT Article DE Gambusia affinis; Hawaii; Invasive fish; Poeciliidae; Tilapia; Tropical coastal wetlands ID BIOTIC INTEGRITY; FRESH-WATER; SALT-MARSH; GAMBUSIA-AFFINIS; NONNATIVE FISHES; ALIEN FISH; CALIFORNIA; DIVERSITY; PATTERNS; MOSQUITOFISH AB Nekton communities were sampled from 38 Hawaiian coastal wetlands from 2007 to 2009 using lift nets, seines, and throw nets in an attempt to increase our understanding of the nekton assemblages that utilize these poorly studied ecosystems. Nekton were dominated by exotic species, primarily poeciliids (Gambusia affinis, Poecilia spp.) and tilapia. These fish were present in 50-85% of wetlands sampled; densities were up to 15 times greater than native species. High densities of exotic fish were generally found in isolated wetlands with no connection to the ocean, were often the only nekton present, were positively correlated with surface water total dissolved nitrogen, and were negatively correlated with native species richness. Native species were present in wetlands with complete or partial connection to the ocean. Additional studies are needed to document exotic fish impacts on native fish and bird habitat and whether native fish communities can contribute to invasion resistance of coastal wetlands. Future wetland restoration should include exotic fish eradication, maintenance of hydrological connection to the ocean, or programs to prevent future introductions in order to create wetlands that support native-dominated nekton communities. C1 [MacKenzie, Richard Ames] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, Hilo, HI 96721 USA. [Bruland, Gregory L.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Management, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP MacKenzie, RA (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, 60 Nowelo St, Hilo, HI 96721 USA. EM rmackenzie@fs.fed.us OI Bruland, Gregory/0000-0002-3016-8088 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA); EPA FX We thank Caitlin Kryss, Meris Bantilan-Smith, and Gwen DeMent for invaluable field assistance. We also thank Adonia Henry, Christina Ryder, Kimberly Peyton, Arleone Dibben-Young, Dr. Scott Fischer, Dr. Dianne Drigot, Michael Silbernagle, Glynnis Nakai, David Smith, Dr. David Burney, Michael Mitchell, Dr. Fern Duvall, D. Ivy, J. Redunzle, Thomas Kaiakapu, Sally Beavers, Stephen Berkson, and Propane Pete for logistical and/or sampling help. Dr. Bob Nishimoto, Alton Miyaska, and Glen Higashi assisted in getting the permits for nekton sampling. Dr. Paul Scowcroft and Dr. Michelle Reynolds provided input that significantly increased the quality of this manuscript. Funding for this project was provided by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Region IX Wetland Program Development Grant program. Although this research has been funded by the EPA, it has not been subjected to any EPA review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, and no official endorsement should be inferred. NR 65 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 7 U2 30 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1559-2723 J9 ESTUAR COAST JI Estuaries Coasts PD JAN PY 2012 VL 35 IS 1 BP 212 EP 226 DI 10.1007/s12237-011-9427-1 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 898VW UT WOS:000300771500016 ER PT J AU Liu, LM Herald, TJ Wang, DH Wilson, JD Bean, SR Aramouni, FM AF Liu, Liman Herald, Thomas J. Wang, Donghai Wilson, Jeff D. Bean, Scott R. Aramouni, Fadi M. TI Characterization of sorghum grain and evaluation of sorghum flour in a Chinese egg noodle system SO JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Gluten-free; Sorghum; Grain characterization; Noodle texture and cooking qualities ID GRANULE SIZE DISTRIBUTION; WHEAT-STARCH PASTES; GLUTEN-FREE BREAD; CELIAC-DISEASE; AMYLOSE CONTENT; PARTICLE-SIZE; SOFT WHEAT; QUALITY; BEHAVIOR; RICE AB Sorghum is a gluten free grain that has potential to be used as an alternative to wheat flour for the Celiac Sprue market. There are thousands of sorghum lines that have not been characterized for grain, flour or end product quality. The objective of the research was to gain an understanding among grain sorghum quality factors and Chinese egg noodles quality. Four sorghum hybrids were characterized and evaluated for kernel characteristics, proximate analysis, flour composition and end product in a Chinese egg noodle system. Kernel size and weight affected the flour particle size and the amount of starch damage. Flour with fine particle size and high starch damage conferred noodles with high firmness and high tensile strength. Water uptake was highest for flour with smaller particle size (38 pm at 50% volume) and higher starch damage (6.14%). Cooking losses for all samples were below 10%. Starch of particle size <5 mu m (C-type) contributed to firmer and higher tensile strength noodles. Water absorption was significantly affected by flour particle size, starch particle size and starch damage. Through control of sorghum grain and flour quality characteristics it is possible to manufacture a Chinese egg noodle with good physical attributes. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Herald, Thomas J.; Wilson, Jeff D.; Bean, Scott R.] USDA ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Liu, Liman; Wang, Donghai] Kansas State Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Aramouni, Fadi M.] Kansas State Univ, Inst Food Sci, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Herald, TJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM tom.herald@ars.usda.gov OI Bean, Scott/0000-0001-8678-8094 NR 52 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 27 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0733-5210 J9 J CEREAL SCI JI J. Cereal Sci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 55 IS 1 BP 31 EP 36 DI 10.1016/j.jcs.2011.09.007 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 894ZW UT WOS:000300467000005 ER PT J AU Biswas, A Sutivisedsak, N Cheng, HN Willett, JL Lesch, WC Tangsrud, RR AF Biswas, Atanu Sutivisedsak, Nongnuch Cheng, Huai N. Willett, Julious L. Lesch, William C. Tangsrud, Robert R. TI Extraction and analysis of antioxidant capacity in eight edible beans SO JOURNAL OF FOOD AGRICULTURE & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Antioxidant capacity; beans; beta-carotene bleaching; extraction; microwave; phenolics ID PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS L.; PHENOLIC CONTENT; SEED COAT; DRY BEANS; CULTIVARS; POLYPHENOLS; VEGETABLES; GENOTYPES; PRODUCTS; FRUITS AB Beans are known to be a rich source of antioxidants in foods. In this work, we report our preliminary studies of the use of microwave as a fast method for the extraction of antioxidants from beans. Antioxidant capacities of the extracts from cotyledon and hull of eight common beans were determined, using the beta-carotene bleaching method. Microwave-assisted extraction was achieved using two solvents, 50:50 ethanol/water or 100% ethanol. For comparison, conventional heat extractions were also done at 100 degrees C at 50:50 ethanol/water and 100% ethanol. The hull extracts exhibited more antioxidant activity than the cotyledon extracts. In most cases, the extraction with 50:50 ethanol:water tended to produce more antioxidants than extraction with 100% ethanol. The amount of extractables depends strongly on extraction temperature, with 150 degrees C giving better results. Although there was no correlation between the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity across the eight beans, within the data of each bean type the total phenolic content did correlate with antioxidant activity for most beans. The correlations were strongest for the extraction data on hull using 50:50 ethanol:water as the extraction solvent. C1 [Biswas, Atanu; Sutivisedsak, Nongnuch; Willett, Julious L.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Plant Polymer Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Cheng, Huai N.] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Lesch, William C.; Tangsrud, Robert R.] Univ N Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. RP Biswas, A (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Plant Polymer Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM atanu.biswas@ars.usda.gov; nuch.sutivisedsak@ars.usda.gov; hn.cheng@ars.usda.gov; jl.willett@ars.usda.gov; wlesch@business.und.edu; bob.tangsrud@business.und.edu FU Northarvest Bean Growers Association FX The study was supported by a grant from Northarvest Bean Growers Association. The authors thank Janet Berfield for her assistance with microwave studies and Paulette Smith, Roque Evangelista, Billy Deadmon and Jeffery Forrester for their assistance with dehulling/milling of beans. NR 44 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 9 PU WFL PUBL PI HELSINKI PA MERI-RASTILANTIE 3 C, HELSINKI, FI-00980, FINLAND SN 1459-0255 J9 J FOOD AGRIC ENVIRON JI J. Food Agric. Environ. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 10 IS 1 BP 89 EP 96 PN 1 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 900XC UT WOS:000300924100018 ER PT J AU Alamri, MS Mohamed, A Hussain, S Xu, JY AF Alamri, Mohammed S. Mohamed, Abdellatif Hussain, Shahzad Xu, Jingyuan TI Effect of okra extract on properties of wheat, corn and rice starches SO JOURNAL OF FOOD AGRICULTURE & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Okra gums; soluble fiber; suspension rheology; starch gels; corn; rice; wheat ID GUM AB Seedless okra pods were extracted with 0.05 M NaOH. The extract was centrifuged and the supernatant and the precipitate were freeze-dried. Size exclusion high pressure chromatography showed that the supernatant contained peptides covalently bound to the sugars. Wheat, corn and rice starch blends were prepared by replacing 0, 5, 10 and 15% of the starch with dried supernatant (DSP) or dried precipitate (DPP). The effect of DSP and DPP on starch properties was determined by rapid visco-analyser (RVA), gel texture analysis and dynamic rheology. The presence of DSP significantly (p <= 0.05) reduced the peak temperature of starch compared to 100% starch. The DPP containing samples exhibited significantly higher peak viscosity due to the presence of more cellulose. Similar effect was observed on the setback of all starches. Starch-gel firmness was significantly reduced by DSP. Although corn starch showed the highest gel firmness value, it had the highest drop in firmness, whereas wheat starch showed a linear reduction in firmness compared to corn starch. The reduction in gel firmness is due to two factors, the replacement of starch and the action of the DSP. The reduction in gel firmness was found to be 39% for 15% wheat starch replacement. All test frequencies showed that starches exhibited G' higher than G ''. The elastic moduli (G') of wheat starch reached a plateau about 1360 Pa, while the phase shifts were in the range of 5 degrees - 17 degrees Corn starch showed slightly weaker viscoelastic solid properties compared to wheat starch with a G'-plateau around 1120 Pa, and phase shifts range between 5 degrees and 16 degrees, while rice starch was the weakest. These variations are due to the starch granule structure and the amylose/amylopectin ratio. C1 [Alamri, Mohammed S.; Mohamed, Abdellatif; Hussain, Shahzad] King Saud Univ, Coll Food & Agr Sci, Dept Food Sci & Nutr, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. [Xu, Jingyuan] ARS, Plant Polymer Res Unit, NCAUR, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Mohamed, A (reprint author), King Saud Univ, Coll Food & Agr Sci, Dept Food Sci & Nutr, POB 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. EM abdmohamed@KSU.edu.SA RI Hussain, Shahzad/M-6489-2013 OI Hussain, Shahzad/0000-0001-8564-9113 FU King Saud University [(RGP-VPP-114)i] FX The authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University for funding the work through the research group project No: (RGP-VPP-114)i. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU WFL PUBL PI HELSINKI PA MERI-RASTILANTIE 3 C, HELSINKI, FI-00980, FINLAND SN 1459-0255 J9 J FOOD AGRIC ENVIRON JI J. Food Agric. Environ. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 10 IS 1 BP 217 EP 222 PN 1 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 900XC UT WOS:000300924100043 ER PT J AU Richardson, LA Champ, PA Loomis, JB AF Richardson, Leslie A. Champ, Patricia A. Loomis, John B. TI The hidden cost of wildfires: Economic valuation of health effects of wildfire smoke exposure in Southern California SO JOURNAL OF FOREST ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Wildfire; Health effects; Defensive behavior method; Willingness to pay; Cost of illness; Station Fire ID WILLINGNESS-TO-PAY; SIMULATED LIKELIHOOD ESTIMATION; AIR-POLLUTION; PARTICULATE MATTER; BENEFITS; SPECIFICATION; EXPENDITURES; MORBIDITY; BEHAVIOR; DISEASE AB There is a growing concern that human health impacts from exposure to wildfire smoke are ignored in estimates of monetized damages from wildfires. Current research highlights the need for better data collection and analysis of these impacts. Using unique primary data, this paper quantifies the economic cost of health effects from the largest wildfire in Los Angeles County's modern history. A cost of illness estimate is $9.50 per exposed person per day. However, theory and empirical research consistently find that this measure largely underestimates the true economic cost of health effects from exposure to a pollutant in that it ignores the cost of defensive actions taken as well as disutility. For the first time, the defensive behavior method is applied to calculate the willingness to pay for a reduction in one wildfire smoke induced symptom day. which is estimated to be $84.42 per exposed person per day. Published by Elsevier GmbH on behalf of Department of Forest Economics, SLU Umea, Sweden. C1 [Richardson, Leslie A.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Champ, Patricia A.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Loomis, John B.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Richardson, LA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, 2150 Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM lrichardson@usgs.gov; pchamp@fs.fed.us; john.loomis@colostate.edu NR 61 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 40 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1104-6899 J9 J FOREST ECON JI J. For. Econ. PY 2012 VL 18 IS 1 BP 14 EP 35 DI 10.1016/j.jfe.2011.05.002 PG 22 WC Economics; Forestry SC Business & Economics; Forestry GA 902HG UT WOS:000301028600003 ER PT J AU Kochi, I Champ, PA Loomis, JB Donovan, GH AF Kochi, Ikuho Champ, Patricia A. Loomis, John B. Donovan, Geoffrey H. TI Valuing mortality impacts of smoke exposure from major southern California wildfires SO JOURNAL OF FOREST ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE 2003 southern California wildfires; Mortality impact; Social cost; Air pollution; Value of statistical life ID AIR-POLLUTION; FOREST-FIRES; INDONESIA; QUALITY; LIFE AB While the mortality impacts of urban air pollution have been well addressed in the literature, very little is known about the mortality impacts and associated social cost from wildfire-smoke exposure (Kochi et al., 2010; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2004). In an attempt to address this knowledge gap, we estimate the social cost associated with excess mortality due to smoke exposure during the 2003 southern California wildfires. Accounting for confounding factors such as seasonality and fluctuation of daily mortality levels, we identify 133 excess cardiorespiratory-related deaths caused by wildfire-smoke exposure. The mean estimated total mortality-related cost associated with the 2003 southern California wildfire event is approximately one billion U.S. dollars. Accounting for mortality costs associated with wildfire-smoke exposure allows for a better understanding of the tradeoffs associated with fuel treatment programs and suppression costs. Published by Elsevier GmbH on behalf of Department of Forest Economics, SLU Umea, Sweden. C1 [Champ, Patricia A.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Kochi, Ikuho] Univ Autonoma Ciudad Juarez, Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua, Mexico. [Loomis, John B.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Donovan, Geoffrey H.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland, OR 97208 USA. RP Champ, PA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM pchamp@fs.fed.us RI Kochi, Ikuho/S-3985-2016 OI Kochi, Ikuho/0000-0002-9591-9954 NR 17 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1104-6899 J9 J FOREST ECON JI J. For. Econ. PY 2012 VL 18 IS 1 BP 61 EP 75 DI 10.1016/j.jfe.2011.10.002 PG 15 WC Economics; Forestry SC Business & Economics; Forestry GA 902HG UT WOS:000301028600006 ER PT J AU Yoder, J Gebert, K AF Yoder, Jonathan Gebert, Krista TI An econometric model for ex ante prediction of wildfire suppression costs SO JOURNAL OF FOREST ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Wildfire suppression costs; Bivariate truncated regression ID BIVARIATE LOGNORMAL-DISTRIBUTION; MOMENTS AB This paper develops an econometric model that can provide predictions of fire suppression costs (per acre and in total) for a given large fire before final fire acreage is known. The model jointly estimates cost per acre and acreage equations via Maximum Likelihood, accounting for sample truncation based on final fire size. Formulas and results are shown for predictions of costs and fire size for wildfires in general, and for large fires in particular. Marginal effects of explanatory variables on cost and acreage are discussed. The distribution of these model predictions illustrates the importance of accounting for sample truncation when generating predicted outcomes based on ex ante information. (C) 2011 Department of Forest Economics, SLU Umea, Sweden. Published by Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. C1 [Gebert, Krista] USDA Forest Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Yoder, Jonathan] Washington State Univ, Sch Econ Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Gebert, K (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM yoder@wsu.edu FU U.S. Forest Service [09-CS-11221636-217]; Washington State Agricultural Research Center [WPN00544] FX We thank two anonymous reviewers for insightful suggestions for this paper. This research received financial support from the U.S. Forest Service under Cooperative Agreement 09-CS-11221636-217 and the Washington State Agricultural Research Center under project #WPN00544. NR 11 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1104-6899 J9 J FOREST ECON JI J. For. Econ. PY 2012 VL 18 IS 1 BP 76 EP 89 DI 10.1016/j.jfe.2011.10.003 PG 14 WC Economics; Forestry SC Business & Economics; Forestry GA 902HG UT WOS:000301028600007 ER PT J AU Nayak, A Marks, D Chandler, DG Winstral, A AF Nayak, A. Marks, D. Chandler, D. G. Winstral, A. TI Modeling Interannual Variability in Snow-Cover Development and Melt for a Semiarid Mountain Catchment SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Snow; Climate change; Snowmelt; Snow redistribution; Snow water equivalent; Surface water input; Streamflow; Climate variability ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; NORTH-ATLANTIC OSCILLATION; TERRAIN-BASED PARAMETERS; RAIN-ON-SNOW; ENERGY-BALANCE; STREAMFLOW GENERATION; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; WATER EQUIVALENT; BOREAL FOREST; US STREAMFLOW AB Observed changes in midelevation snow cover and duration have raised concerns over future impacts of global warming on snowmelt-dependent water resources and ecosystems. However, predictions of future changes in snow hydrology and water supply from mountain basins are complicated by natural variability in climate and interactions among topography, vegetation structure, wind and radiation energy, and snow deposition. In this study, interannual variability in snow-cover development, snow melt, and runoff is assessed for a range of precipitation and temperature conditions typical of a mountain catchment, the Reynolds Mountain East (RME) basin, in Idaho. A spatially distributed energy and mass balance snow model, Isnobal, coupled with a windfield and snow redistribution model, is used to continuously simulate snow accumulation and melt for five individual snow seasons (1984, 1986, 1987, 2001, and 2006), representing the historic range of climatic variance. The modeling results compare well with the field measurements of snow water equivalent for all simulation snow seasons (Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency coefficient of 0.81 to 0.97). The modeling scheme used in this study demonstrates spatial and temporal differences in snow-cover development and melt processes in complex mountain terrain. During all simulation snow seasons, the forested site was shown to hold more snow, generate more snowmelt, and melt later than the exposed site of the basin. Comparison of simulation results for wet and dry snow seasons showed that the snow melts earlier and a greater fraction of surface water input (SWI) is utilized to fill soil water storage during dry seasons than in wet snow seasons. This study demonstrates differences in snowmelt volume and timing during wet and dry seasons within a mountain basin. It will improve understanding of how interannual variability affects the delivery of water from the seasonal snowcover to the soil and streams of mountain basins, and can provide useful inputs to the decision-making process for reservoir and water management strategies for utilizing surplus or supplementing deficit water supplies during wet and dry years, respectively. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0000408. (C) 2012 American Society of Civil Engineers. C1 [Marks, D.; Winstral, A.] ARS, NW Watershed Res Ctr, USDA, Boise, ID 83712 USA. [Nayak, A.] Sutron Corp, W Palm Beach, FL 33411 USA. [Chandler, D. G.] Syracuse Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. RP Marks, D (reprint author), ARS, NW Watershed Res Ctr, USDA, 800 Pk Blvd,Suite 105, Boise, ID 83712 USA. EM nayakanurag@gmail.com; ars.danny@gmail.com; dgchandl@syr.edu; adam.winstral@ars.usda.gov RI Chandler, David/E-4543-2013 OI Chandler, David/0000-0002-8662-2892 FU USDA NRCS [535213610 009 14R]; USDA NRCS Water and Climate Center Portland, Oregon [5362 13610 008 03R]; USDA ARS CRIS Snow and Hydrologic Processes in the Intermountain West [5362 13610 008 00D]; ARS-University of Idaho [5362-13610-008-05S]; NSF CBET [0854553] FX The writers would like to specifically thank the USDA-Agricultural Research Service Northwest Watershed Research Center personnel for making the data necessary for this research possible through their careful and diligent work in the field and laboratory over the past 50 years. The data and analysis presented in this paper were funded in part by USDA NRCS Conservation Effects Assessment Project (535213610 009 14R), USDA NRCS Water and Climate Center Portland, Oregon (5362 13610 008 03R), USDA ARS CRIS Snow and Hydrologic Processes in the Intermountain West (5362 13610 008 00D), joint ARS-University of Idaho program Modeling Snow, Soil Moisture, and Streamflow Impacts on Water, Soil and Vegetation Resources in Semi-Arid Basins (5362-13610-008-05S), NSF CBET (0854553) Collaborative Research: A WATERS Testbed to Investigate the Impacts of Changing Snow Conditions on Hydrologic Processes in the Western U.S., and NSF Idaho EPSCoR Program (EPS 0814387). Any reference to specific equipment types or manufacturers is for information purposes and does not represent a product endorsement or recommendation. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 65 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 28 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1084-0699 J9 J HYDROL ENG JI J. Hydrol. Eng. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 17 IS 1 BP 74 EP 84 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0000408 PG 11 WC Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 894PI UT WOS:000300438500008 ER PT J AU Arthur, FH Ondier, GO Siebenmorgen, TJ AF Arthur, F. H. Ondier, G. O. Siebenmorgen, T. J. TI Impact of Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) on quality parameters of milled rice SO JOURNAL OF STORED PRODUCTS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Rhyzopertha dominica; Rough rice; Damage; Milling yield ID ROUGH RICE; INSECT INFESTATION; RELATIVE-HUMIDITY; GRAIN; BOSTRICHIDAE; COLEOPTERA; HARVEST; STORAGE; KERNEL; WHEAT AB The impact of Rhyzopertha dominica, the lesser grain borer, on milling quality of Francis and Wells cultivars of rough rice was assessed for the 2007 and 2008 crop years by infesting 200-g rough rice samples harvested at moderate and low moisture contents with 0, 10, 25, 50, and 100 parental adult insects, which were removed after one week. The samples were incubated for seven weeks at either 27 or 32 degrees C and 60% relative humidity to determine progeny production and feeding damage (insect frass), and subsequently the milled rice yield (MRY) and head rice yield (HRY). Progeny production from each parental density level varied with variety and temperature. The number of progeny produced by the parental adults was positively correlated with feeding damage, and the feeding damage caused by the progeny was in turn negatively correlated with MRY and HRY. For both years, more progeny production and feeding damage occurred in Francis versus Wells for each of the harvest moisture contents. Results show differential susceptibility of Francis and Wells cultivars to R. dominica, and also provide new methodologies for evaluating effects of infestation on rice milling quality. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Arthur, F. H.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Ondier, G. O.; Siebenmorgen, T. J.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Food Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72704 USA. RP Arthur, FH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM frank.arthur@ars.usda.gov FU USDA/CSREES [2007-51101-18407] FX The authors thank B. Barnett for technical assistance with this research. We also thank L T. Wilson for reviewing an earlier draft of the paper prior to journal submission. This paper reports the results of research only. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) or by the University of Arkansas. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. This study was supported by the USDA/CSREES Risk Avoidance and Mitigation Program (Award No. 2007-51101-18407). NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-474X J9 J STORED PROD RES JI J. Stored Prod. Res. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 48 BP 137 EP 142 DI 10.1016/j.jspr.2011.10.010 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 904AB UT WOS:000301164900020 ER PT J AU Jiao, S Johnson, JA Tang, J Wang, S AF Jiao, S. Johnson, J. A. Tang, J. Wang, S. TI Industrial-scale radio frequency treatments for insect control in lentils SO JOURNAL OF STORED PRODUCTS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Radio frequency (RF); Heating uniformity; Quality; Efficiency; Throughput ID IN-SHELL WALNUTS; CONTROL CODLING MOTH; HEATING UNIFORMITY; DISINFESTATION TREATMENTS; PEST-CONTROL; QUALITY; ENERGY AB Radio frequency (RF) treatments are considered to be a potential postharvest technology for disinfesting legumes of internal seed pests such as the cowpea weevil. After treatment protocols are shown to control postharvest insects without significant quality degradation, it is important to scale-up laboratory RF treatments to industrial level applications. A 27.12 MHz, 6 kW RF unit with a built-in forced hot air system was used to conduct industrial scale-up studies. A treatment protocol was designed to provide 100% cowpea weevil mortality combined RF with forced hot air to heat product to 60 degrees C for 10 min, followed by forced ambient air cooling for 20 min. An electrode gap (14.0 cm) was chosen based on the electric current and heating time, and conveyor belt speed was set to 7.5 m/h. Heating uniformity was evaluated by measuring post-treatment surface temperatures with a thermal image camera and interior temperatures with thermocouples. Changes in moisture content, color and germination were used to evaluate treatment effects on product quality. Finally, the RF system heating efficiency and throughput were calculated. Results showed that heating uniformity and quality of lentils in continuous RF treatment with hot air and movement were acceptable, the average heating efficiency of the RF system was 76.5% and throughput was 208.7 kg/h. The average energy efficiency and throughput of the RF system provided sufficient data to develop an industrial-scale RF process as an alternative to chemical fumigation. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, S.] NW A&F Univ, Coll Mech & Elect Engn, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Jiao, S.; Tang, J.; Wang, S.] Washington State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Johnson, J. A.] ARS, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Wang, S (reprint author), NW A&F Univ, Coll Mech & Elect Engn, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM shaojinwang@nwsuaf.edu.cn RI Wang, Shaojin/C-4968-2012; Tang, Juming/A-4027-2009 OI Tang, Juming/0000-0001-9449-1004 FU USDA-CSREES [2008-34103-19091]; Washington State University Agricultural Research Center FX This research was supported by grants from USDA-CSREES (2008-34103-19091), and Washington State University Agricultural Research Center. NR 32 TC 39 Z9 41 U1 3 U2 35 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-474X J9 J STORED PROD RES JI J. Stored Prod. Res. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 48 BP 143 EP 148 DI 10.1016/j.jspr.2011.12.001 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 904AB UT WOS:000301164900021 ER PT J AU Howell, PJ Sankovich, PM AF Howell, Philip J. Sankovich, Paul M. TI An Evaluation of Redd Counts as a Measure of Bull Trout Population Size and Trend SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID SALMON ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA; SALVELINUS-CONFLUENTUS; CHINOOK SALMON; ABUNDANCE; MONTANA; STREAMS; ERROR AB The use of redd counts to monitor abundance and trend of bull trout Salvelinus confluentus has been clouded by uncertainties concerning measurement error, life history variation, and correspondence of redd counts to adult population size. We compared census redd counts with population estimates of mature females for a migratory fluvial population of bull trout (primarily >= 300 mm fork length) and for a population of small (<200 mm), likely resident, bull trout. We also compared the measurement error of the experienced surveyors who conducted the redd counts to that of a group of inexperienced surveyors. Although the regression of redd counts on adult females for the migratory population was statistically significant, a large proportion of the variation in the relationship was unexplained (r(2) = 0.47). Despite that variation, redd counts accurately reflected a greater than 50% decline in the population over 10 years; however, 5-year trends in redd counts could be misleading. Power analysis parameterized by using the variation in the number of females per redd and measurement error of experienced surveyors indicated that minimum declines of 44-56% or increases of 78-118% over 10-15 years would be necessary for detection using traditional statistical criteria. Geometric mean abundance of migratory adults derived from redd counts and adults-per-redd values from the present study and published averages were similar to measured adult numbers in most cases. For both migratory and resident populations, redd counts by experienced surveyors were substantially more accurate and precise than those by inexperienced surveyors. Counts of migratory bull trout redds were more accurate and precise than counts of resident bull trout redds, which were significantly smaller and consistently underestimated. Thus, bull trout redd counts can be used to estimate abundance levels and to detect substantial longer-term changes in abundance, particularly for migratory populations. However, the reliability of the counts depends on the skill of the surveyors. C1 [Howell, Philip J.] US Forest Serv, Forestry & Range Sci Lab, La Grande, OR 97850 USA. [Sankovich, Paul M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Columbia River Fisheries Program Off, La Grande Field Off, La Grande, OR 97850 USA. RP Howell, PJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Forestry & Range Sci Lab, 1401 Gekeler Lane, La Grande, OR 97850 USA. EM phowell@fs.fed.us FU Bonneville Power Administration; U.S. Forest Service; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service FX Funding was provided by the Bonneville Power Administration, U.S. Forest Service, and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Larry Boe, Steve Starcevich, Alan Hemmingen, Jason Shappart, Stephanie Gunckel, John Brunzell, Ian Tattam, David Gaudette, Lisa Gaudette, Ari Martinez, Blane Bellerud, David Crabtree, Mae Noble, Devin Best, Dana McCoskey, and David Kwasniewski assisted with collection of field data. David Buchanan, Alan Hemmingsen, and Steve Jacobs provided administrative support. Thanks to Jason Dunham, Russ Thurow, Paul Wilson, Howard Schaller, Clint Muhlfeld, and an anonymous reviewer for helpful suggestions on previous drafts. Reference to trade names does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 50 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 15 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0275-5947 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PY 2012 VL 32 IS 1 BP 1 EP 13 DI 10.1080/02755947.2011.649192 PG 13 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 902NW UT WOS:000301046200001 ER PT J AU Anyamba, A Linthicum, KJ Small, JL Collins, KM Tucker, CJ Pak, EW Britch, SC Eastman, JR Pinzon, JE Russell, KL AF Anyamba, Assaf Linthicum, Kenneth J. Small, Jennifer L. Collins, Kathrine M. Tucker, Compton J. Pak, Edwin W. Britch, Seth C. Eastman, James Ronald Pinzon, Jorge E. Russell, Kevin L. TI Climate Teleconnections and Recent Patterns of Human and Animal Disease Outbreaks SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID RIFT-VALLEY FEVER; HANTAVIRUS PULMONARY SYNDROME; EQUATORIAL INDIAN-OCEAN; SOUTH-EAST-ASIA; CHIKUNGUNYA VIRUS; AEDES-AEGYPTI; EL-NINO; UNITED-STATES; TEMPERATURE; DIPTERA AB Background: Recent clusters of outbreaks of mosquito-borne diseases (Rift Valley fever and chikungunya) in Africa and parts of the Indian Ocean islands illustrate how interannual climate variability influences the changing risk patterns of disease outbreaks. Although Rift Valley fever outbreaks have been known to follow periods of above-normal rainfall, the timing of the outbreak events has largely been unknown. Similarly, there is inadequate knowledge on climate drivers of chikungunya outbreaks. We analyze a variety of climate and satellite-derived vegetation measurements to explain the coupling between patterns of climate variability and disease outbreaks of Rift Valley fever and chikungunya. Methods and Findings: We derived a teleconnections map by correlating long-term monthly global precipitation data with the NINO3.4 sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly index. This map identifies regional hot-spots where rainfall variability may have an influence on the ecology of vector borne disease. Among the regions are Eastern and Southern Africa where outbreaks of chikungunya and Rift Valley fever occurred 2004-2009. Chikungunya and Rift Valley fever case locations were mapped to corresponding climate data anomalies to understand associations between specific anomaly patterns in ecological and climate variables and disease outbreak patterns through space and time. From these maps we explored associations among Rift Valley fever disease occurrence locations and cumulative rainfall and vegetation index anomalies. We illustrated the time lag between the driving climate conditions and the timing of the first case of Rift Valley fever. Results showed that reported outbreaks of Rift Valley fever occurred after,3-4 months of sustained above-normal rainfall and associated green-up in vegetation, conditions ideal for Rift Valley fever mosquito vectors. For chikungunya we explored associations among surface air temperature, precipitation anomalies, and chikungunya outbreak locations. We found that chikungunya outbreaks occurred under conditions of anomalously high temperatures and drought over Eastern Africa. However, in Southeast Asia, chikungunya outbreaks were negatively correlated (p < 0.05) with drought conditions, but positively correlated with warmer-than-normal temperatures and rainfall. Conclusions/Significance: Extremes in climate conditions forced by the El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) lead to severe droughts or floods, ideal ecological conditions for disease vectors to emerge, and may result in epizootics and epidemics of Rift Valley fever and chikungunya. However, the immune status of livestock (Rift Valley fever) and human (chikungunya) populations is a factor that is largely unknown but very likely plays a role in the spatial-temporal patterns of these disease outbreaks. As the frequency and severity of extremes in climate increase, the potential for globalization of vectors and disease is likely to accelerate. Understanding the underlying patterns of global and regional climate variability and their impacts on ecological drivers of vector-borne diseases is critical in long-range planning of appropriate disease and disease-vector response, control, and mitigation strategies. C1 [Anyamba, Assaf; Small, Jennifer L.; Collins, Kathrine M.; Tucker, Compton J.; Pak, Edwin W.; Pinzon, Jorge E.] NASA, Biospher Sci Lab, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Linthicum, Kenneth J.; Britch, Seth C.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL USA. [Eastman, James Ronald] Clark Univ, Clark Labs, Worcester, MA 01610 USA. [Russell, Kevin L.] Armed Forces Hlth Surveillance Ctr, Div GEIS Operat, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Anyamba, A (reprint author), NASA, Biospher Sci Lab, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. EM assaf.anyamba@nasa.gov RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 FU Department of Defense - Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center; Division of GEIS Operations; United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service; Google Foundation; Betty-Moore Foundation; National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNH08CD31C/ROSES 2007] FX This research is supported in part by funding from the Department of Defense - Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center, Division of GEIS Operations, the United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service, Google and Betty-Moore Foundations and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Grant # NNH08CD31C/ROSES 2007. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 60 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 6 U2 53 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1935-2727 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 6 IS 1 AR e1465 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001465 PG 14 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 894GW UT WOS:000300416100016 PM 22292093 ER PT J AU Nowak, DJ Greenfield, EJ AF Nowak, David J. Greenfield, Eric J. TI Tree and impervious cover change in US cities SO URBAN FORESTRY & URBAN GREENING LA English DT Article DE City trees; Ecosystem services; Forest monitoring; Urban forestry; Urban greening; Urban trees ID HURRICANE KATRINA; FOREST AB Paired aerial photographs were interpreted to assess recent changes in tree, impervious and other cover types in 20 U.S. cities as well as urban land within the conterminous United States. National results indicate that tree cover in urban areas of the United States is on the decline at a rate of about 7900 ha/yr or 4.0 million trees per year. Tree cover in 17 of the 20 analyzed cities had statistically significant declines in tree cover, while 16 cities had statistically significant increases in impervious cover. Only one city (Syracuse, NY) had a statistically significant increase in tree cover. City tree cover was reduced, on average, by about 0.27 percent/yr, while impervious surfaces increased at an average rate of about 0.31 percent/yr. As tree cover provides a simple means to assess the magnitude of the overall urban forest resource, monitoring of tree cover changes is important to understand how tree cover and various environmental benefits derived from the trees may be changing. Photo-interpretation of digital aerial images can provide a simple and timely means to assess urban tree cover change to help cities monitor progress in sustaining desired urban tree cover levels. Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 [Nowak, David J.; Greenfield, Eric J.] SUNY ESF, USDA, Forest Serv, No Res Stn,Moon Lib 5, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. RP Nowak, DJ (reprint author), SUNY ESF, USDA, Forest Serv, No Res Stn,Moon Lib 5, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. EM dnowak@fs.fed.us; ejgreenfield@fs.fed.us FU U.S. Forest Service's RPA; National Science Foundation (NSF) [DEB-0423476, BCS-0948952] FX Funding for this project was provided, in part, by the U.S. Forest Service's RPA Assessment Staff and State & Private Forestry's Urban and Community Forestry Program and the National Science Foundation (NSF grants DEB-0423476 and BCS-0948952) through the Baltimore Ecosystem Study-Long Term Ecological Research (BES-LTER) and the Syracuse Urban Long-term Research Area Exploratory Award (ULTRA-Ex). The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this article is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. We thank Mike Boarman, Allison Bodine and Tian Zhou for photo-interpretation. We also thank John Stanovick for his statistical assistance and review, and Mike Galvin and Jackie Lu for their comments on a draft manuscript. NR 35 TC 58 Z9 63 U1 7 U2 50 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1618-8667 J9 URBAN FOR URBAN GREE JI Urban For. Urban Green. PY 2012 VL 11 IS 1 BP 21 EP 30 DI 10.1016/j.ufug.2011.11.005 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Studies; Forestry; Urban Studies SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry; Urban Studies GA 905XN UT WOS:000301309600003 ER PT J AU Gauger, PC Faaberg, KS Guo, BQ Kappes, MA Opriessnig, T AF Gauger, Phillip C. Faaberg, Kay S. Guo, Baoqing Kappes, Matthew A. Opriessnig, Tanja TI Genetic and phenotypic characterization of a 2006 United States porcine reproductive and respiratory virus isolate associated with high morbidity and mortality in the field SO VIRUS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV); In vitro characterization; Sequencing ID HETEROCLITE SUBGENOMIC RNAS; NORTH-AMERICAN TYPE; SWINE INFERTILITY; LELYSTAD VIRUS; ATYPICAL PRRS; EMERGENCE; CHINA; NSP2; PATHOGENICITY; EVOLUTION AB The objective of this study was to characterize a porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) isolated from United States pigs experiencing high morbidity (50%) and mortality (20%). The PRRSV isolate, designated NC16845b, was characterized through phenotypic analysis and genomic sequencing and compared to Type 2 PRRSV isolates VR-2332, MN184 and VR-2385. NC16845b demonstrated slower replication in vitro compared to the three other isolates and grew to a peak titer of 5.4 x 10(5) plaque forming units (PFU) per ml at 60h post inoculation, which was 4- to 13-fold less than the peak titer of the other three viruses. NC16845b plaques were intermediate size averaging 3.3 mm in diameter that was larger than MN184 plaques and smaller than VR-2385 and VR-2332. Using Northern blot analysis, viral and subgenomic RNA were detected that demonstrated variable levels of hybridization in some open reading frames (ORF) compared to the other viruses. NC16845b is 15,389 nucleotides in length and ORF 5 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis demonstrated a 1-18-2 pattern. Among all available Type 2 complete genome sequences. NC16845b showed the highest nucleotide homology (91.2%) to atypical PRRSV strain JA142. Compared to prototype VR-2332, NC16845b demonstrated marked nucleotide variability within non-structural protein (nsp)1 beta and nsp2, and a nucleotide deletion of 24 bases in nsp2. Sequence homology with VR-2332 and MN184 was 88.4% and 82.9%, respectively; homology with the ORF2-7 of VR-2385 was 90.4%. Collectively, these data indicate that, compared to prototype Type 2 PRRSV isolates, NC16845b exhibited slower in vitro growth properties, had regions of heterogeneity within ORF1a that corresponded to at least two individual virus quasispecies, and also contained a continuous 8 amino acid deletion in the nsp2 protein. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Gauger, Phillip C.; Guo, Baoqing; Opriessnig, Tanja] Iowa State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Diagnost & Prod Anim Med, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Faaberg, Kay S.; Kappes, Matthew A.] ARS, Virus & Pr Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. RP Opriessnig, T (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Diagnost & Prod Anim Med, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM tanjaopr@iastate.edu RI Opriessnig, Tanja/F-2984-2012 OI Opriessnig, Tanja/0000-0001-9642-0904 FU Iowa Pork Producers Association FX The authors wish to thank the Iowa Pork Producers Association for funding this study and would like to acknowledge and thank Ann C. Vorwald for outstanding technical help and Ann Greazel for graphic design. NR 41 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1702 J9 VIRUS RES JI Virus Res. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 163 IS 1 BP 98 EP 107 DI 10.1016/j.virusres.2011.08.017 PG 10 WC Virology SC Virology GA 903YU UT WOS:000301160200013 PM 21920393 ER PT J AU Ma, LW Trout, TJ Ahuja, LR Bausch, WC Saseendran, SA Malone, RW Nielsen, DC AF Ma, Liwang Trout, Thomas J. Ahuja, Lajpat R. Bausch, Walter C. Saseendran, S. A. Malone, Robert W. Nielsen, David C. TI Calibrating RZWQM2 model for maize responses to deficit irrigation SO AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Crop modeling; Irrigation scheduling; RZWQM; DSSAT; CERES-maize; Soil hydraulic properties; Systems modeling ID WATER; NITROGEN; SIMULATIONS; MANAGEMENT; DYNAMICS AB Parameterizing a system model for field research is a challenge and requires collaboration between modelers and experimentalists. In this study, the Root Zone Water Quality Model-DSSAT (RZWQM2) was used for simulating plant responses to water stresses in eastern Colorado. Experiments were conducted in 2008, 2009, and 2010 in which maize (Zea Mays L) was irrigated to meet a certain percentage (100%. 85%, 70%, 55%, and 40%) of the estimated crop evapotranspiration (ETc) demand during a growing season. The model was calibrated with both laboratory-measured and field-estimated soil water retention curves (SWRC) and evaluated for yield, biomass, leaf area index (LAI), and soil water content under five irrigation treatments in all three years. Simulated results showed that field-estimated SWRC provided better model responses to irrigation than laboratory-measured SWRC. The results also showed that there were multiple sets of plant parameters that achieved acceptable simulations when only one irrigation treatment was used for calibration. Model parameterization can be improved when multiple treatments and multiple years of data are included. The parameterized RZWQM2 model was capable of simulating various irrigation treatments in all years and could be used to schedule irrigation based on Etc requirement. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Ma, Liwang; Ahuja, Lajpat R.] ARS, USDA, Agr Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Trout, Thomas J.; Bausch, Walter C.] ARS, USDA, Water Management Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Saseendran, S. A.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Malone, Robert W.] ARS, USDA, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Nielsen, David C.] ARS, USDA, Cent Great Plains Res Stn, Akron, CO 80720 USA. RP Ma, LW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Agr Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM Liwang.Ma@ars.usda.gov RI Nielsen, David/A-8044-2009; OI Nielsen, David/0000-0002-8240-7183; Trout, Thomas/0000-0003-1896-9170 NR 27 TC 25 Z9 29 U1 4 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3774 EI 1873-2283 J9 AGR WATER MANAGE JI Agric. Water Manage. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 103 BP 140 EP 149 DI 10.1016/j.agwat.2011.11.005 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Water Resources GA 898QX UT WOS:000300758000015 ER PT J AU Fang, QX Malone, RW Ma, L Jaynes, DB Thorp, KR Green, TR Ahuja, LR AF Fang, Q. X. Malone, R. W. Ma, L. Jaynes, D. B. Thorp, K. R. Green, T. R. Ahuja, L. R. TI Modeling the effects of controlled drainage, N rate and weather on nitrate loss to subsurface drainage SO AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Drainage water management; Root Zone Water Quality Model (RZWQM2); Water and N balance; Conservation practices; Hydrologic modeling ID WATER-TABLE MANAGEMENT; NITROGEN-FERTILIZER APPLICATION; MIDWESTERN UNITED-STATES; GULF-OF-MEXICO; CORN YIELD; TILE DRAINAGE; CROP YIELD; AGRICULTURAL FIELDS; NO3-N LOSSES; LOAMY SAND AB Controlled subsurface drainage can reduce nitrate loss to tile flow, but the effects may vary with different N application rates and weather conditions. Interactions between these factors can be understood better via combinations of field experiments and modeling. Using an automated parameter estimation method (PEST), the Root Zone water Quality Model (RZWQM2) was calibrated with measured monthly tile flow, N loss and flow weighted nitrate-N concentration (FWNC) from 2006 to 2008 in a corn and soybean rotation system with free drainage (FD) management. Similar data from 2006 to 2008 with controlled drainage (CD) management were used to evaluate the model. Changing from FD to CD reduced the annual N loss in tile flow by 22 and 32% based on measured and RZWQM2 simulated results, respectively. The model over-predicted the CD effect possibly because of the slope of the field, which reduces the effect of CD but is not simulated by the model. Long-term RZWVQM2 simulations (1996-2008) suggest that N loss can be reduced by about 40% in both FD and CD by decreasing N rate from 245 to 140 kg N ha(-1) with little effect on corn yield. A further reduction in N loss of 39% (9.3 kg N ha(-1)) was simulated by implementing CD at the reduced N rate, and the reduced N loss to tile flow was mainly associated with increased N loss to seepage (lateral flow) and crop N uptake. The percent of N loss reduction using CD relative to FD was magnified with increased rainfall (from approximately 20 to 50% with annual rainfall ranging from 600 to 1100 mm), but the reduction varied only between 38 and 40% under different N rates (0-250 kg N ha(-1)). The results indicate that RZWQM2 accurately responded to CD compared to field measurements, and CD management in combination with reduced N application rates can substantially reduce N loss to the environment with little negative effect on corn yield. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Fang, Q. X.] Qingdao Agr Univ, Qingdao 266109, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Fang, Q. X.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Soil Sci, State Key Lab Soil & Sustainable Agr, Beijing 100864, Peoples R China. [Malone, R. W.; Jaynes, D. B.] ARS, USDA, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA USA. [Ma, L.; Green, T. R.; Ahuja, L. R.] ARS, USDA, Agr Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Thorp, K. R.] ARS, USDA, Aridland Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ USA. RP Fang, QX (reprint author), Qingdao Agr Univ, Changcheng Rd 700, Qingdao 266109, Shandong, Peoples R China. EM fangqx@igsnrr.ac.cn RI Green, Timothy/E-1178-2011; Thorp, Kelly/C-2013-2009 OI Thorp, Kelly/0000-0001-9168-875X FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [30800164]; Promotional Research Fund for Excellent Young and Middle-aged Scientists of Shandong Province [BS2009NY003]; Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province [ZR2010CQ010]; Science and Technology Development Program of Qingdao [11-2-3-18-nsh] FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 30800164), the Promotional Research Fund for Excellent Young and Middle-aged Scientists of Shandong Province (no. BS2009NY003), the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (no. ZR2010CQ010), and the Science and Technology Development Program of Qingdao (no. 11-2-3-18-nsh). We are also grateful to the anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments on the manuscript. NR 82 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3774 J9 AGR WATER MANAGE JI Agric. Water Manage. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 103 BP 150 EP 161 DI 10.1016/j.agwat.2011.11.006 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Water Resources GA 898QX UT WOS:000300758000016 ER PT J AU Kroger, R Pierce, SC Littlejohn, KA Moore, MT Farris, JL AF Kroeger, R. Pierce, S. C. Littlejohn, K. A. Moore, M. T. Farris, J. L. TI Decreasing nitrate-N loads to coastal ecosystems with innovative drainage management strategies in agricultural landscapes: An experimental approach SO AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Drainage ditch; Nutrients; Nitrate; Reduction; Low-grade weirs ID WATER-TABLE MANAGEMENT; LOW-GRADE WEIRS; TREATMENT WETLANDS; QUALITY; DITCHES; SURFACE; SUBIRRIGATION; RUNOFF; DESIGN; FIELDS AB Innovative controlled drainage strategies in agricultural ditches such as spatially orientated low-grade weirs show promise to significantly improve nutrient (e.g., nitrate, NO3--N) reductions by expanding the area available for biogeochemical transformations, as well as providing multiple sites for runoff retention. The overall objective of this study was to identify the contributions made by low-grade weirs to source NO3--N concentrations and loads to downstream coastal ecosystems. This objective was achieved by assessing, from an experimental standpoint, the effectiveness of weirs in reducing NO3--N concentrations and loads in replicated ditch systems in Jonesboro AR. Overall NO3--N load reduction rates were approximately 2250 +/- 718 and 1935 +/- 452 mg/h for ditches with and without weirs, respectively, resulting in mean percent NO3--N load reductions of 79 +/- 7.5 and 73 +/- 9% for ditches with and without weirs, respectively. Although NO3--N concentration reductions were substantial in both systems, overall, for the duration of the experiment no significant treatment effect was detected. A stepwise linear regression and repeated measures ANOVA analyzed the relationship of time x treatment on nitrate concentration and load in ditch effluents. The regression model explained 31.1% of the variance in NO3--N concentration, which indicated a highly significant relationship between NO3--N concentration and time x treatment (F=31.9, p<0.001). NO3--N reductions were significantly higher in weir treatments based on time (t= 120 min; F=3.25; p=0.042) as compared to systems without weirs. Low-grade weirs show promise in improving nutrient reductions in agricultural drainage ditches, by increasing residence time and reducing on a time step basis, outflow concentrations and loads to downstream systems. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kroeger, R.; Pierce, S. C.; Littlejohn, K. A.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Moore, M. T.] ARS, USDA, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Water Qual & Ecol Res Unit, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. [Farris, J. L.] Arkansas State Univ, Arkansas Biosci Inst, State Univ Jonesboro, AR 72467 USA. RP Kroger, R (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture, Box 9690, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM rkroger@cfr.msstate.edu FU Mississippi Alabama Sea Grant Consortium [NA10OAR4170078]; Mississippi Agricultural Forestry Experiment Station; Forest Wildlife Research Center FX The authors would like to thank the Agricultural Research facility at Arkansas State University. Funding for this project was gratefully provided by the Mississippi Alabama Sea Grant Consortium Award #NA10OAR4170078. The authors would also like to acknowledge Mississippi Agricultural Forestry Experiment Station and the Forest Wildlife Research Center for support. For more information on this project please visit: www.fwrc.msstate.edu/water. NR 32 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3774 J9 AGR WATER MANAGE JI Agric. Water Manage. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 103 BP 162 EP 166 DI 10.1016/j.agwat.2011.11.009 PG 5 WC Agronomy; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Water Resources GA 898QX UT WOS:000300758000017 ER PT J AU Wu, W Cai, H Wei, W Davis, RE Lee, IM Chen, H Zhao, Y AF Wu, W. Cai, H. Wei, W. Davis, R. E. Lee, I. -M. Chen, H. Zhao, Y. TI Identification of two new phylogenetically distant phytoplasmas from Senna surattensis plants exhibiting stem fasciation and shoot proliferation symptoms SO ANNALS OF APPLIED BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Sunshine tree; phytoplasma; stem fasciation; shoot proliferation ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; WITCHES-BROOM-DISEASE; ELM YELLOWS PHYTOPLASMA; 1ST REPORT; GENETIC DIVERSITY; RFLP ANALYSIS; CHINA; AUSTRALIENSE; CLASSIFICATION; TAXON AB Sunshine trees (Senna surattensis) exhibiting unusual stem fasciation symptoms were observed in Yunnan, China. Morphological abnormalities of the affected plants included enlargement and flattening of stems and excessive proliferation of shoots. An electron microscopic investigation revealed presence of single membrane bound mycoplasma-like bodies in sieve elements of symptomatic plants. With DNA templates extracted from diseased plants and phytoplasma universal primers P1/P7 and P1A/R16S-SR, nested polymerase chain reactions produced amplicons of 1.5 kb. Subsequent restriction fragment polymorphism and nucleotide sequence analyses of the amplicons indicated that the diseased plants were infected by distinct phytoplasmas affiliated with two phylogenetically distant taxa classified in two 16Sr groups (16SrXII and 16SrV). This is the first report that sunshine tree is a natural host of two evolutionarily divergent phytoplasmas and the first report that a 'Candidatus Phytoplasma australiense'-related strain is present in China. The findings signal a significant expansion of both geographical distribution and host range of 16SrXII and 16SrV phytoplasmas. C1 [Wu, W.; Wei, W.; Davis, R. E.; Lee, I. -M.; Zhao, Y.] ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Cai, H.; Chen, H.] Yunnan Agr Univ, Key Lab Plant Pathol, Kunming 650201, Peoples R China. [Wei, W.] Univ Maryland, Inst Biosci & Biotechnol Res, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Wu, W (reprint author), ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, USDA, Room 213,Bldg 004,BARC W,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM yan.zhao@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [1275-22000-246-00]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31060239] FX This study was supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (Project number 1275-22000-246-00) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant number 31060239). NR 47 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0003-4746 J9 ANN APPL BIOL JI Ann. Appl. Biol. PY 2012 VL 160 IS 1 BP 25 EP 34 DI 10.1111/j.1744-7348.2011.00517.x PG 10 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 899VT UT WOS:000300845300004 ER PT J AU Petzold-Maxwell, JL Jaronski, T Gassmann, AJ AF Petzold-Maxwell, J. L. Jaronski, T. Gassmann, A. J. TI Tritrophic interactions among Bt maize, an insect pest and entomopathogens: effects on development and survival of western corn rootworm SO ANNALS OF APPLIED BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Entomopathogens; host-plant resistance; transgenic corn; western corn rootworm ID VIRGIFERA-VIRGIFERA COLEOPTERA; FUNGUS METARHIZIUM-ANISOPLIAE; EVENT DAS-59122-7 MAIZE; NATURAL ENEMIES; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; BEAUVERIA-BASSIANA; PARASITIC NEMATODES; TRANSGENIC-MAIZE; PATHOGENIC FUNGI; CHRYSOMELIDAE AB Agricultural systems often provide a model for testing ecological hypotheses, while ecological theory can enable more effective pest management. One of the best examples of this is the interaction between host-plant resistance and natural enemies. With the advent of crops that are genetically modified to produce insecticidal toxins from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), a new form of host-plant resistance has been introduced to agroecosystems. How Bt crops interact with natural enemies, especially insect pathogens in below-ground systems, is not well understood, but provides a unique opportunity to study below-ground tritrophic interactions. In this study, we used two species of entomopathogenic fungi and three species of entomopathogenic nematodes to determine how this community of soil-borne natural enemies might interact with Bt maize (event 59122, expressing the insecticidal protein Cry34/35Ab1) to affect survival and development of western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera), which is an obligate root feeder and a serious pest of maize. We ran two experiments, one in a greenhouse and one in a growth chamber. Both experiments consisted of a fully crossed design with two maize treatments (Bt maize and non-Bt maize) and two entomopathogen treatments (present or absent). The community of entomopathogens significantly increased mortality of western corn rootworm, and Bt maize increased larval developmental time and mortality. Entomopathogens and Bt maize acted in an independent and additive manner, with both factors increasing the mortality of western corn rootworm. Results from this study suggest that entomopathogens may complement host-plant resistance from Bt crops. C1 [Petzold-Maxwell, J. L.; Gassmann, A. J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Jaronski, T.] ARS, No Plains Agr Res Lab, USDA, Sidney, MT USA. RP Petzold-Maxwell, JL (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM jpetzold@iastate.edu FU Pioneer Hi-Bred International Inc., a DuPont Business FX We thank Melissa Rudeen, Ryan Keweshan, Mike Dunbar, Jeremy Bolles, Ximena Cibils Stewart, Molly Wilmes and Pat Weber for help with implementing the experiment, Chad Neilson for providing eggs for the growth chamber experiment, Becker Underwood for providing entomopathogenic nematodes and Analiza Alves and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments on the manuscript. This work was supported by Pioneer Hi-Bred International Inc., a DuPont Business. NR 66 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 34 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0003-4746 J9 ANN APPL BIOL JI Ann. Appl. Biol. PY 2012 VL 160 IS 1 BP 43 EP 55 DI 10.1111/j.1744-7348.2011.00515.x PG 13 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 899VT UT WOS:000300845300006 ER PT J AU Ma, SM Zhang, ML Sanderson, SC AF Ma, S. M. Zhang, M. L. Sanderson, S. C. TI Phylogeography of the rare Gymnocarpos przewalskii (Caryophyllaceae): indications of multiple glacial refugia in north-western China SO AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article ID CHLOROPLAST DNA PHYLOGENY; HUMAN MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; GENETIC DIVERSITY; TIBETAN PLATEAU; POPULATION DIFFERENTIATION; CONSERVATION GENETICS; SEQUENCES; POLYMORPHISM; QUATERNARY; EVOLUTION AB We investigated the phylogeography of Gymnocarpos przewalskii Maxim. (Caryophyllaceae), a rare relictual shrub restricted to north-western China, in the context of Quaternary climate oscillations. Three cpDNA regions (psbA-trnH, ycf6-psbM and rpl32-trnL (UAG)) were sequenced for 160 individuals from 16 populations. High genetic diversity (h(T) = 0.930, h(S) = 0.425) and a significant phylogeographic structure (N-ST > G(ST), P < 0.01) were identified; 31 different cpDNA haplotypes were detected. Phylogenetic analyses showed that the haplotypes were clustered into five clades, consistent with their distributions in the following four geographic regions: the Tarim Basin, Hami Basin, the western Yumen of Gansu Province and an easternmost region, consisting of populations in the Wulate Rear Banner region in Inner Mongolia, the Jinta and Jingyuan regions in Gansu Province and the Zhongwei region in Ningxia. The existence of regional divergence was supported by AMOVA, which revealed that similar to 63% of variation was due to differences among the four geographic regions. Four independent glacial refugia were inferred, in the western Tarim Basin, Hami Basin, the Liuyuan region in western Gansu and the easternmost region mentioned. Population bottlenecks and postglacial recolonisation were identified in the northern Tarim Basin, western Yumen and the Jinta region in Gansu Province. C1 [Ma, S. M.; Zhang, M. L.] Chinese Acad Sci, Xinjiang Inst Ecol & Geog, Key Lab Biogeog & Bioresource Arid Land, Urumqi 830011, Peoples R China. [Ma, S. M.] Chinese Acad Sci, Grad Univ, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Zhang, M. L.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Bot, Beijing 100093, Peoples R China. [Sanderson, S. C.] US Forest Serv, Shrub Sci Lab, Intermt Res Stn, USDA, Provo, UT 84606 USA. RP Zhang, ML (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Xinjiang Inst Ecol & Geog, Key Lab Biogeog & Bioresource Arid Land, Urumqi 830011, Peoples R China. EM zhangml@ibcas.ac.cn FU CAS [KZCX2-EW-305]; Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geogeraphy, CAS FX We thank Hong-xiang Zhang, Hong-hu Meng and Xiao-jun Shi for their assistance with field survey and sample collection. Funding was provided by CAS Important Direction for Knowledge Innovation Project (No. KZCX2-EW-305), and Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geogeraphy, CAS. NR 63 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 16 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 0067-1924 EI 1444-9862 J9 AUST J BOT JI Aust. J. Bot. PY 2012 VL 60 IS 1 BP 20 EP 31 DI 10.1071/BT11055 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 899PM UT WOS:000300828300003 ER PT J AU Ouyang, Y AF Ouyang, Ying TI Estimation of shallow groundwater discharge and nutrient load into a river SO ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Groundwater discharge; Nutrient load; River ID FLORIDA; LAGOON; BASIN AB Pollution of rivers with excess nutrients due to groundwater discharge, storm water runoff, surface loading, and atmospheric deposition is an increasing environmental concern worldwide. While the storm water runoff and surface loading of nutrients into many rivers have been explored in great detailed, the groundwater discharge of nutrients into the rivers has not yet been thoroughly quantified. This study ascertained the shallow groundwater discharges and nutrient loads into the Lower St. Johns River (LSJR), FL, USA. The groundwater discharges were obtained using Darcy's law along with field measured hydrological parameters, whereas the groundwater nutrient loads were calculated based on the groundwater discharges and the field measured nutrient concentrations. The average rate of groundwater discharge per unit cross-section area over the four selected sites along the LSJR was about 1.2 x 10(-2) m(3) m(-2) d(-1). The average loads of groundwater nutrients into the adjacent LSJR were 10.6 and 5.6 mg m(-2) d(-1), respectively, for nitrate- and nitrite-nitrogen(NOx-N)and total phosphorus (TP). In general, seasonal variations of the groundwater levels were larger than the river stages, whereas site variations of groundwater nutrient concentrations were larger than seasonal variations of groundwater nutrient concentrations. Results from this study are useful for estimation of groundwater contamination and river eutrophication. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Ouyang, Y (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, 100 Stone Blvd,Thompson Hall,Room 309, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM youyang@fs.fed.us NR 10 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-8574 J9 ECOL ENG JI Ecol. Eng. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 38 IS 1 BP 101 EP 104 DI 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2011.10.014 PG 4 WC Ecology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Engineering GA 899GN UT WOS:000300804500013 ER PT J AU Mendoza, JA Watson, K Chen, TA Baranowski, T Nicklas, TA Uscanga, DK Hanfling, MJ AF Mendoza, Jason A. Watson, Kathy Chen, Tzu-An Baranowski, Tom Nicklas, Theresa A. Uscanga, Doris K. Hanfling, Marcus J. TI Impact of a pilot walking school bus intervention on children's pedestrian safety behaviors: A pilot study SO HEALTH & PLACE LA English DT Article DE Walking school bus; Safe routes to school; Injury prevention; Active commuting to school; Pedestrian safety; Neighborhood safety ID PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; YOUNG-CHILDREN; VIRTUAL-REALITY; CHILDHOOD OVERWEIGHT; NEIGHBORHOOD SAFETY; BUILT ENVIRONMENT; CROSSING SKILLS; AFTER-SCHOOL; YOUTH; INJURIES AB Walking school buses (WSB) increased children's physical activity, but impact on pedestrian safety behaviors (PSB) is unknown. We tested the feasibility of a protocol evaluating changes to PSB during a WSB program. Outcomes were school-level street crossing PSB prior to (Time 1) and during weeks 4-5 (Time 2) of the WSB. The protocol collected 1252 observations at Time 1 and 2548 at Time 2. Mixed model analyses yielded: intervention schoolchildren had 5-fold higher odds (p<0.01) of crossing at the corner/crosswalk but 5-fold lower odds (p<0.01) of stopping at the curb. The protocol appears feasible for documenting changes to school-level PSB. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Mendoza, Jason A.; Watson, Kathy; Chen, Tzu-An; Baranowski, Tom; Nicklas, Theresa A.; Uscanga, Doris K.] ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Mendoza, Jason A.] Acad Gen Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Mendoza, Jason A.; Baranowski, Tom; Nicklas, Theresa A.] Baylor Coll Med, Dan L Duncan Canc Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Hanfling, Marcus J.] Ben Taub Gen Hosp, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Mendoza, JA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM jason.mendoza@bcm.edu OI Baranowski, Tom/0000-0002-0653-2222; Mendoza, Jason/0000-0003-0833-4358 FU Active Living Research of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation [63773]; National Cancer Institute [1R21CA133418, 1K07CA131178]; Harris County Hospital District Foundation; US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service (USDA/ARS) Children's Nutrition Research Center; Department of Pediatrics; Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; USDA/ARS [58-6250-6001] FX We are grateful to the children and parents who participated in this study and the reviewers who provided many helpful comments to improve this work We thank the teachers, principals, administrators, and staff of HISD, for their support and partnership in this study. This work was supported, in part, by Active Living Research of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (63773), the National Cancer Institute (1R21CA133418), and the Harris County Hospital District Foundation. The first author was supported, in part, by a career development award from the National Cancer Institute (1K07CA131178). This work was also supported by and is a publication of the US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service (USDA/ARS) Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, and was funded with federal funds from the USDA/ARS under Cooperative Agreement No. 58-6250-6001. The funders had no role in the study design; in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; and in the decision to submit the paper for publication. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the funders or Baylor College of Medicine, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement from the funders or Baylor College of Medicine. NR 64 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1353-8292 J9 HEALTH PLACE JI Health Place PD JAN PY 2012 VL 18 IS 1 SI SI BP 24 EP 30 DI 10.1016/j.healthplace.2011.07.004 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 900VC UT WOS:000300918600005 PM 22243904 ER PT J AU Li, XY Swaggerty, CL Kogut, MH Chiang, HI Wang, Y Genovese, KJ He, HQ McCarthy, FM Burgess, SC Pevzner, IY Zhou, HJ AF Li, Xianyao Swaggerty, Christina L. Kogut, Michael H. Chiang, Hsin-I Wang, Ying Genovese, Kenneth J. He, Haiqi McCarthy, Fiona M. Burgess, Shane C. Pevzner, Igal Y. Zhou, Huaijun TI Systemic response to Campylobacter jejuni infection by profiling gene transcription in the spleens of two genetic lines of chickens SO IMMUNOGENETICS LA English DT Article DE Chicken; C. jejuni; Transcriptome; Resistant; Susceptible ID IMMUNE-RESPONSE; COLONIZATION; RESISTANT; INVASION; HETEROPHILS; MICROARRAY; APOPTOSIS; UPDATE; CELLS AB Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) is a leading cause of human bacterial enteritis worldwide with poultry products being a major source of C. jejuni contamination. The chicken is the natural reservoir of C. jejuni where bacteria colonize the digestive tract of poultry, but rarely cause symptoms of disease. To understand the systemic molecular response mechanisms to C. jejuni infection in chickens, total splenic RNA was isolated and applied to a whole genome chicken microarray for comparison between infected (I) and non-infected (N) chickens within and between genetic lines A and B. There were more total splenic host genes responding to the infection in resistant line A than in susceptible line B. Specifically, genes for lymphocyte activation, differentiation and humoral response, and Ig light and heavy chain were upregulated in the resistant line. In the susceptible line, genes for regulation of erythrocyte differentiation, hemopoiesis, and RNA biosynthetic process were all downregulated. An interaction analysis between genetic lines and treatment demonstrated distinct defense mechanisms between lines: the resistant line promoted apoptosis and cytochrome c release from mitochondria, whereas the susceptible line responded with a downregulation of both functions. This was the first time that such systemic defensive mechanisms against C. jejuni infection have been reported. The results of this study revealed novel molecular mechanisms of the systemic host responses to C. jejuni infection in chickens that warrant further investigation. C1 [Li, Xianyao; Chiang, Hsin-I; Wang, Ying; Zhou, Huaijun] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Swaggerty, Christina L.; Kogut, Michael H.; Genovese, Kenneth J.; He, Haiqi] Agr Res Serv, USDA, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [McCarthy, Fiona M.; Burgess, Shane C.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Basic Sci, Coll Vet Med, Starkville, MS 39762 USA. [Pevzner, Igal Y.] Cobb Vantress Inc, Siloam Springs, AR 72761 USA. [Li, Xianyao] Shandong Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Tai An 271018, Shandong, Peoples R China. RP Zhou, HJ (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM hjzhou@poultry.tamu.edu FU National Research Initiative from the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service [2007-35604-17903] FX The authors thank Norman J. Stern from Poultry Microbiological Safety Research Unit, USDA, Athens, GA for kindly providing the bacterial strain. This project was supported by National Research Initiative Grant no. 2007-35604-17903 from the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service Animal Genome program. The mention of commercial products is for the sole purpose of providing specific information and not a recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. NR 44 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0093-7711 J9 IMMUNOGENETICS JI Immunogenetics PD JAN PY 2012 VL 64 IS 1 BP 59 EP 69 DI 10.1007/s00251-011-0557-1 PG 11 WC Genetics & Heredity; Immunology SC Genetics & Heredity; Immunology GA 899QM UT WOS:000300831200007 PM 21748442 ER PT J AU Li, GX Shi, N Suo, SQGW Cui, J Zarlenga, DT Ren, XF AF Li, Guangxing Shi, Na Suo, Siqingaowa Cui, Jin Zarlenga, Dante Ren, Xiaofeng TI Vaccination of Mice with ORF5 Plasmid DNA of PRRSV; Enhanced Effects by Co-immunizing with Porcine IL-15 SO IMMUNOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS LA English DT Article DE Porcine IL-15; PRRSV; GP5 gene; DNA vaccine ID RESPIRATORY SYNDROME VIRUS; NATURAL-KILLER-CELLS; LELYSTAD-VIRUS; T-CELL; INTERLEUKIN (IL)-15; INTERFERON-GAMMA; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; GP5; INFECTION; SWINE AB The open reading frame (ORF) 5 of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) encodes a major envelope glycoprotein designated GP5. The GP5 protein is a candidate for vaccinating against PRRSV infection. In this study, recombinant plasmids bearing the PRRSV GP5 gene (pVAX-GP5) or the porcine interleukin 15 gene (pVAX-IL15) were generated. Mice were vaccinated with these gene constructs singularly or in combination, and subsequent humoral and cellular immune responses were evaluated. Proliferation assays showed that the number of T lymphocytes in the peripheral blood and spleens of treated mice were elevated by pVAX-GP5 and significantly enhanced by combination therapy involving pVAX-IL15. Flow cytometry data showed that the numbers of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were also higher in treated mice. Both pVAX-GP5 treatment alone and in combination with pVAX-IL15 resulted in elevated antibody levels as demonstrated by indirect ELISA. The pVAX-IL15 gene construct served as a molecular adjuvant in conjunction with the pVAX-GP5 to enhance the immune responses where intermediate doses of pVAX-IL15 were most effective. C1 [Li, Guangxing; Shi, Na; Suo, Siqingaowa; Cui, Jin; Ren, Xiaofeng] NE Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Harbin 150030, Peoples R China. [Zarlenga, Dante] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Ren, XF (reprint author), NE Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Harbin 150030, Peoples R China. EM rxfemail@yahoo.com.cn FU Heilongjiang Provincial University [1155-NCET-005] FX The work of X.R. is supported by funds provided by the Program for New Century Excellent Talents at the Heilongjiang Provincial University (1155-NCET-005). NR 41 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 0882-0139 J9 IMMUNOL INVEST JI Immunol. Invest. PY 2012 VL 41 IS 3 BP 231 EP 248 DI 10.3109/08820139.2011.614306 PG 18 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 899BP UT WOS:000300787800001 PM 22017604 ER PT J AU Garcia-Mora, TJ Mas, JF Hinkley, EA AF Garcia-Mora, Tziztiki J. Mas, Jean-Francois Hinkley, Everett A. TI Land cover mapping applications with MODIS: a literature review SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DIGITAL EARTH LA English DT Review DE MODIS; mapping; image processing; classification; accuracy; land use/land cover ID IMAGING SPECTRORADIOMETER MODIS; TAIGA TRANSITION ZONE; SATELLITE SENSOR DATA; TIME-SERIES; MULTITEMPORAL MODIS; QUALITY ASSESSMENT; FOURIER-ANALYSIS; ACCURACY ASSESSMENT; SPATIAL-RESOLUTION; VEGETATION INDEXES AB Land use/land cover monitoring and mapping is crucial to efficient management of the land and its resources. Since the late 1980s increased attention has been paid to the use of coarse resolution optical data. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) has features, which make it particularly suitable to earth characterization purposes. MODIS has 10 products dedicated mainly to land cover characterization and provides three kinds of data: angular, spectral and temporal. MODIS data also includes information about the data quality through the 'Quality Assessment' product. In this paper, we review how MODIS data are used to map land cover including the preferred MODIS products, the preprocessing and classification approaches, the accuracy assessment, and the results obtained. C1 [Garcia-Mora, Tziztiki J.; Mas, Jean-Francois] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Geog Ambiental, Morelia 58190, Michoacan, Mexico. [Hinkley, Everett A.] US Forest Serv, Natl Remote Sensing Program, USDA, Arlington, VA 22209 USA. RP Mas, JF (reprint author), Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Geog Ambiental, Antigua Carretera Patzcuaro 8701, Morelia 58190, Michoacan, Mexico. EM jfmas@ciga.unam.mx RI Mas, Jean-Francois/N-5755-2016 OI Mas, Jean-Francois/0000-0002-6138-9879 FU CONACyT; Consejo Nacional de Ciencias y Tecnologia (CONACyT); Direccion General de Asuntos del Personal Academico (DGAPA) at the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico FX The first author is grateful for the financial support provided by the PhD scholarship funded by CONACyT on the 2007 call. Final writing of the manuscript has been carried out during a sabbatical stay of the second author at the University of California-Santa Barbara with the support of Consejo Nacional de Ciencias y Tecnologia (CONACyT) and the Direccion General de Asuntos del Personal Academico (DGAPA) at the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. NR 86 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 33 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1753-8947 EI 1753-8955 J9 INT J DIGIT EARTH JI Int. J. Digit. Earth PY 2012 VL 5 IS 1 BP 63 EP 87 DI 10.1080/17538947.2011.565080 PG 25 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA 901AE UT WOS:000300933200005 ER PT J AU LaBudde, RA Harnly, JM AF LaBudde, Robert A. Harnly, James M. TI Probability of Identification: A Statistical Model for the Validation of Qualitative Botanical Identification Methods SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article AB A qualitative botanical identification method (BIM) is an analytical procedure that returns a binary result (1 = Identified, 0 = Not Identified). A BIM may be used by a buyer, manufacturer, or regulator to determine whether a botanical material being tested is the same as the target (desired) material, or whether it contains excessive nontarget (undesirable) material. The report describes the development and validation of studies for a BIM based on the proportion of replicates identified, or probability of identification (POI), as the basic observed statistic. The statistical procedures proposed for data analysis follow closely those of the probability of detection, and harmonize the statistical concepts and parameters between quantitative and qualitative method validation. Use of POI statistics also harmonizes statistical concepts for botanical, microbiological, toxin, and other analyte identification methods that produce binary results. The POI statistical model provides a tool for graphical representation of response curves for qualitative methods, reporting of descriptive statistics, and application of performance requirements. Single collaborator and multicollaborative study examples are given. C1 [Harnly, James M.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Food Composit & Methods Dev Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [LaBudde, Robert A.] Least Cost Formulat Ltd, Virginia Beach, VA 23464 USA. [LaBudde, Robert A.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. RP Harnly, JM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Food Composit & Methods Dev Lab, Bldg 161 BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM james.harnly@ars.usda.gov FU NIH HHS [Y01 OD001298-01] NR 7 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 9 PU AOAC INT PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 N FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 USA SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 2012 VL 95 IS 1 BP 273 EP 285 DI 10.5740/jaoacint.11-266 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 899FS UT WOS:000300802400036 PM 22468371 ER PT J AU Sundstrom, S Nielsen-Pincus, M Moseley, C McCaffery, S AF Sundstrom, Shiloh Nielsen-Pincus, Max Moseley, Cassandra McCaffery, Sarah TI Woody Biomass Use Trends, Barriers, and Strategies: Perspectives of US Forest Service Managers SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE biomass utilization; US Forest Service; value-added utilization; biomass energy ID WHITE MOUNTAINS; UNITED-STATES; ARIZONA AB The use of woody biomass is being promoted across the United States as a means of increasing energy independence, mitigating climate change, and reducing the cost of hazardous fuels reduction treatments and forest restoration projects. The opportunities and challenges for woody biomass use on the national forest system are unique. In addition to making woody biomass usage pencil out, national forest managers must also navigate substantial public engagement and forest planning processes that add to the complexity of fostering woody biomass use opportunities on the national forest system. We report on the results of a survey of US Forest Service managers and staff members (n = 339) about the trends in, barriers to, and strategies for fostering woody biomass use on national forests and their surrounding communities. The results highlight the economic and market challenges as well as the need for a basket of policies focused on a broad array of strategies for biomass use. C1 [Sundstrom, Shiloh; Nielsen-Pincus, Max; Moseley, Cassandra] Univ Oregon, Inst Sustainable Environm, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [McCaffery, Sarah] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. RP Sundstrom, S (reprint author), Univ Oregon, Inst Sustainable Environm, 5247 Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. EM shilohs@uoregon.edu; maxn@uoregon.edu; cmoseley@uoregon.edu; smccaffrey@fs.fed.us FU US Forest Service, Northern Research Station; Ford Foundation FX This study was made possible with funding from the US Forest Service, Northern Research Station, and the Ford Foundation. The authors thank Kathy Lynn, Scott Turnoy, Aleta Katra, and Autumn Ellison for their assistance with this project. NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 12 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD JAN-FEB PY 2012 VL 110 IS 1 BP 16 EP 24 DI 10.5849/jof.10-114 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 898OS UT WOS:000300752300002 ER PT J AU Dosskey, MG Bentrup, G Schoeneberger, M AF Dosskey, Michael G. Bentrup, Gary Schoeneberger, Michele TI A Role for Agroforestry in Forest Restoration in the Lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE agroforestry; ecosystem services; bottomland hardwoods; wildlife; forest restoration ID BOTTOMLAND HARDWOOD REFORESTATION; CONSERVATION; SYSTEMS; HABITAT; CROPS AB Agroforestry options are explored for restoring important functions and values of bottomland hardwood (BLH) forests in the lower Mississippi River Alluvial Valley (LMAV). Agroforestry practices can augment the size and quality of BLH habitat, provide corridors between BLH areas, and enable restoration of natural hydrologic patterns and water quality. Agroforestry practices are designed primarily to benefit agriculture, which may appeal to farmers in the region. Profit potential from some agroforestry practices is currently competitive with agricultural crops and production forestry on marginal agricultural lands in the LMAV. Lack of experience with agroforestry in this region hinders adoption, but emerging markets for biofuels and ecosystem services could enhance future prospects. Concepts are presented for how agroforestry can be located and designed for restoring BLH forest functions and values in the LMAV and thereby contribute to achieving goals for ecological restoration. C1 [Dosskey, Michael G.; Bentrup, Gary; Schoeneberger, Michele] East Campus Univ Nebraska, US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Natl Agroforestry Ctr, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Dosskey, MG (reprint author), East Campus Univ Nebraska, US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Natl Agroforestry Ctr, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM mdosskey@fs.fed.us; gbentrup@fs.fed.us; mschoeneberger@fs.fed.us NR 53 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 17 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 EI 1938-3746 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD JAN-FEB PY 2012 VL 110 IS 1 BP 48 EP 55 DI 10.5849/jof.10-061 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 898OS UT WOS:000300752300006 ER PT J AU Appell, M Moravec, D Bosma, WB AF Appell, Michael Moravec, David Bosma, Wayne B. TI Quantum chemical study of the structure and properties of citrinin SO MOLECULAR SIMULATION LA English DT Article DE citrinin; tautomer; density functional theory; thermodynamics; natural bond orbital ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; PROTON-TRANSFER; CHARGE-DENSITY; SOLID-STATE; ACID; MOLECULES; ENOLS; OPTIMIZATION; ACETATE AB Detailed structures and electronic properties of three tautomeric forms of the toxin citrinin were investigated using several quantum calculation methods. Energetic preference of the predominant p- and o-quinone methide tautomeric forms is dependent on the method of calculation. A previously unstudied carboxylic acid enol tautomer was calculated to be surprisingly stable in vacuo, being within 2.5 kcal mol(-1) at the B3LYP/6-311++G(2d,2p) level of theory. Despite differences in bond nature and connectivity of tautomers, the natural bond orbital analysis revealed that tautomeric forms share similar natural charges and natural electron configurations. Calculated bond lengths corresponded with experimentally observed values and assignments for the calculated infrared vibrational frequencies are reported. C1 [Appell, Michael] ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Moravec, David; Bosma, Wayne B.] Bradley Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Peoria, IL 61625 USA. RP Appell, M (reprint author), ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM michael.appell@ars.usda.gov NR 37 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0892-7022 EI 1029-0435 J9 MOL SIMULAT JI Mol. Simul. PY 2012 VL 38 IS 4 BP 284 EP 292 DI 10.1080/08927022.2011.619984 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 899XC UT WOS:000300849000003 ER PT J AU Du, JC Tian, ZX Sui, Y Zhao, MX Song, QJ Cannon, SB Cregan, P Ma, JX AF Du, Jianchang Tian, Zhixi Sui, Yi Zhao, Meixia Song, Qijian Cannon, Steven B. Cregan, Perry Ma, Jianxin TI Pericentromeric Effects Shape the Patterns of Divergence, Retention, and Expression of Duplicated Genes in the Paleopolyploid Soybean SO PLANT CELL LA English DT Article ID MUTATION-RATE VARIATION; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; GENOME DUPLICATION; GLYCINE-MAX; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENTS; RECOMBINATION RATES; DNA METHYLATION; EVOLUTION; SEQUENCE AB The evolutionary forces that govern the divergence and retention of duplicated genes in polyploids are poorly understood. In this study, we first investigated the rates of nonsynonymous substitution (Ka) and the rates of synonymous substitution (Ks) for a nearly complete set of genes in the paleopolyploid soybean (Glycine max) by comparing the orthologs between soybean and its progenitor species Glycine soja and then compared the patterns of gene divergence and expression between pericentromeric regions and chromosomal arms in different gene categories. Our results reveal strong associations between duplication status and Ka and gene expression levels and overall low Ks and low levels of gene expression in pericentromeric regions. It is theorized that deleterious mutations can easily accumulate in recombination-suppressed regions, because of Hill-Robertson effects. Intriguingly, the genes in pericentromeric regions-the cold spots for meiotic recombination in soybean-showed significantly lower Ka and higher levels of expression than their homoeologs in chromosomal arms. This asymmetric evolution of two members of individual whole genome duplication (WGD)-derived gene pairs, echoing the biased accumulation of singletons in pericentromeric regions, suggests that distinct genomic features between the two distinct chromatin types are important determinants shaping the patterns of divergence and retention of WGD-derived genes. C1 [Du, Jianchang; Tian, Zhixi; Sui, Yi; Zhao, Meixia; Ma, Jianxin] Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Du, Jianchang] Jiangsu Acad Agr Sci, Inst Ind Crops, Nanjing 210014, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Zhao, Meixia] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Oil Crops, Wuhan 430062, Peoples R China. [Song, Qijian; Cregan, Perry] ARS, US DOE, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Cannon, Steven B.] ARS, US DOE, Corn Insect & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Ma, JX (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM maj@purdue.edu RI ZHAO, MEIXIA/N-3124-2015 OI ZHAO, MEIXIA/0000-0001-8812-8217 FU Indiana Soybean Alliance; National Science Foundation Plant Genome Research [IOS-0822258]; Purdue Agricultural Research Award; Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences FX We thank Hon-Ming Lam and Xin Liu for providing the soybean genome resequencing data, and Brandon Gaut and Michael Purugganan for their help interpreting some observations reported in this study. This work was partially supported by Indiana Soybean Alliance (J.M.), National Science Foundation Plant Genome Research Program (IOS-0822258) (J.M., P.C.), Purdue Agricultural Research Award (J.M.), and Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences Startup Funds (J.D.). NR 80 TC 34 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 1040-4651 J9 PLANT CELL JI Plant Cell PD JAN PY 2012 VL 24 IS 1 BP 21 EP 32 DI 10.1105/tpc.111.092759 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Cell Biology GA 900JA UT WOS:000300881800006 PM 22227891 ER PT J AU Heaton, MP Clawson, ML Chitko-Mckown, CG Leymaster, KA Smith, TPL Harhay, GP White, SN Herrmann-Hoesing, LM Mousel, MR Lewis, GS Kalbfleisch, TS Keen, JE Laegreid, WW AF Heaton, Michael P. Clawson, Michael L. Chitko-Mckown, Carol G. Leymaster, Kreg A. Smith, Timothy P. L. Harhay, Gregory P. White, Stephen N. Herrmann-Hoesing, Lynn M. Mousel, Michelle R. Lewis, Gregory S. Kalbfleisch, Theodore S. Keen, James E. Laegreid, William W. TI Reduced Lentivirus Susceptibility in Sheep with TMEM154 Mutations SO PLOS GENETICS LA English DT Article ID MAEDI-VISNA-VIRUS; OVINE PROGRESSIVE PNEUMONIA; ARTHRITIS-ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS; SMALL RUMINANT LENTIVIRUSES; LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; HIV-1 INFECTION; SERUM ANTIBODIES; GOAT HERDS; TRANSMISSION; GENE AB Visna/Maedi, or ovine progressive pneumonia (OPP) as it is known in the United States, is an incurable slow-acting disease of sheep caused by persistent lentivirus infection. This disease affects multiple tissues, including those of the respiratory and central nervous systems. Our aim was to identify ovine genetic risk factors for lentivirus infection. Sixty-nine matched pairs of infected cases and uninfected controls were identified among 736 naturally exposed sheep older than five years of age. These pairs were used in a genome-wide association study with 50,614 markers. A single SNP was identified in the ovine transmembrane protein (TMEM154) that exceeded genome-wide significance (unadjusted p-value 3 x 10(-9)). Sanger sequencing of the ovine TMEM154 coding region identified six missense and two frameshift deletion mutations in the predicted signal peptide and extracellular domain. Two TMEM154 haplotypes encoding glutamate (E) at position 35 were associated with infection while a third haplotype with lysine (K) at position 35 was not. Haplotypes encoding full-length E35 isoforms were analyzed together as genetic risk factors in a multi-breed, matched case-control design, with 61 pairs of 4-year-old ewes. The odds of infection for ewes with one copy of a full-length TMEM154 E35 allele were 28 times greater than the odds for those without (p-value<0.0001, 95% CI 5-1,100). In a combined analysis of nine cohorts with 2,705 sheep from Nebraska, Idaho, and Iowa, the relative risk of infection was 2.85 times greater for sheep with a full-length TMEM154 E35 allele (p-value<0.0001, 95% CI 2.36-3.43). Although rare, some sheep were homozygous for TMEM154 deletion mutations and remained uninfected despite a lifetime of significant exposure. Together, these findings indicate that TMEM154 may play a central role in ovine lentivirus infection and removing sheep with the most susceptible genotypes may help eradicate OPP and protect flocks from reinfection. C1 [White, Stephen N.; Herrmann-Hoesing, Lynn M.] ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Pullman, WA USA. [Mousel, Michelle R.; Lewis, Gregory S.] ARS, US Sheep Expt Stn, USDA, Dubois, ID USA. [Kalbfleisch, Theodore S.] Univ Louisville, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. [Keen, James E.] Univ Nebraska, Great Plains Vet Educ Ctr, Clay Ctr, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Laegreid, William W.] Univ Illinois, Dept Pathobiol, Urbana, IL USA. EM mike.heaton@ars.usda.gov OI White, Stephen N./0000-0001-9255-6054; Clawson, Michael/0000-0002-3355-5390; Mousel, Michelle/0000-0003-1367-7005 FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service FX Funding for this research was provided by the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 62 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 4 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1553-7390 J9 PLOS GENET JI PLoS Genet. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 8 IS 1 AR e1002467 DI 10.1371/journal.pgen.1002467 PG 12 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 891NH UT WOS:000300223400031 PM 22291605 ER PT J AU Lee, JA Baddock, MC Mbuh, MJ Gill, TE AF Lee, Jeffrey A. Baddock, Matthew C. Mbuh, Mbongowo J. Gill, Thomas E. TI Geomorphic and land cover characteristics of aeolian dust sources in West Texas and eastern New Mexico, USA SO AEOLIAN RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Aeolian Research (ICAR) CY JUL 05-09, 2010 CL Santa Rosa, ARGENTINA DE Blowing dust; Land cover; Geomorphology; Great plains; MODIS ID SOUTHERN HIGH-PLAINS; NORTH-AMERICA; UNITED-STATES; WIND EROSION; BLOWING DUST; CHIHUAHUAN DESERT; SOIL; FREQUENCY; SENSITIVITY; SIMULATION AB Wind erosion in West Texas and eastern New Mexico typically happens in localized source areas while most of the landscape is not eroding. Dust source areas were located and characterized according to type of geomorphological surface and land cover. For 2001-09, 27 erosion event days were identified where dust plumes were visible on MODIS satellite images. From these images, 625 point sources were located. Geomorphology and land use (land cover) were mapped and overlaid on the dust source point map. In terms of geomorphology, 79% of sources occurred on sand sheets, which comprise 50% of the region. Other geomorphic surfaces were sand dunes (5% sources from 12% area), loess (4%/24%), playa (3%/1%), high relief alluvial (3%/6%) and low relief alluvial (6%/5%). Sand sheets (here, anthropogenically disturbed) produce more sources than other geomorphic categories, with playas producing the most sources per unit area. Results for land use and land cover reflected cultivated cropland (57%/33%), shrubland (17%/32%), grassland (20%/31%) and urban (4%/4%). Cropped land produces proportionately more dust than rangeland or other land uses. With dust emission dominated by relatively uniform geomorphology, the data highlight the strong anthropogenic influence on the spatial pattern of observed dust sources in the region. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Lee, Jeffrey A.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Geosci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Baddock, Matthew C.] USDA ARS, Wind Eros & Water Conservat Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. [Mbuh, Mbongowo J.] Missouri State Univ, Dept Geog Geol & Planning, Springfield, MO 65897 USA. [Gill, Thomas E.] Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Geol Sci, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. RP Lee, JA (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Geosci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM jeff.lee@ttu.edu RI Baddock, Matthew/A-5739-2012; OI Baddock, Matthew/0000-0003-1490-7511; Lee, Jeffrey/0000-0002-2265-385X; Gill, Thomas E/0000-0001-9011-4105 NR 47 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1875-9637 J9 AEOLIAN RES JI Aeolian Res. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 3 IS 4 SI SI BP 459 EP 466 DI 10.1016/j.aeolia.2011.08.001 PG 8 WC Geography, Physical SC Physical Geography GA 896AM UT WOS:000300537800010 ER PT J AU Akagi, SK Craven, JS Taylor, JW McMeeking, GR Yokelson, RJ Burling, IR Urbanski, SP Wold, CE Seinfeld, JH Coe, H Alvarado, MJ Weise, DR AF Akagi, S. K. Craven, J. S. Taylor, J. W. McMeeking, G. R. Yokelson, R. J. Burling, I. R. Urbanski, S. P. Wold, C. E. Seinfeld, J. H. Coe, H. Alvarado, M. J. Weise, D. R. TI Evolution of trace gases and particles emitted by a chaparral fire in California SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TRANSFORM INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; AEROSOL MASS-SPECTROMETER; SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL; BIOMASS BURNING EMISSIONS; LASER-INDUCED INCANDESCENCE; UNITED-STATES; BLACK CARBON; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; PRESCRIBED FIRE AB Biomass burning (BB) is a major global source of trace gases and particles. Accurately representing the production and evolution of these emissions is an important goal for atmospheric chemical transport models. We measured a suite of gases and aerosols emitted from an 81 hectare prescribed fire in chaparral fuels on the central coast of California, US on 17 November 2009. We also measured physical and chemical changes that occurred in the isolated down-wind plume in the first similar to 4 h after emission. The measurements were carried out onboard a Twin Otter aircraft outfitted with an airborne Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (AFTIR), aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS), single particle soot photometer (SP2), nephelometer, LiCor CO2 analyzer, a chemiluminescence ozone instrument, and a wing-mounted meteorological probe. Our measurements included: CO2; CO; NOx; NH3; non-methane organic compounds; organic aerosol (OA); inorganic aerosol (nitrate, ammonium, sulfate, and chloride); aerosol light scattering; refractory black carbon (rBC); and ambient temperature, relative humidity, barometric pressure, and three-dimensional wind velocity. The molar ratio of excess O-3 to excess CO in the plume (Delta O-3/Delta CO) increased from -5.13 (+/- 1.13) x 10(-3) to 10.2 (+/- 2.16) x 10(-2) in similar to 4.5 h following smoke emission. Excess acetic and formic acid (normalized to excess CO) increased by factors of 1.73 +/- 0.43 and 7.34 +/- 3.03 (respectively) over the same time since emission. Based on the rapid decay of C2H4 we infer an in-plume average OH concentration of 5.27 (+/- 0.97) x 10(6) molec cm(-3), consistent with previous studies showing elevated OH concentrations in biomass burning plumes. Ammonium, nitrate, and sulfate all increased over the course of 4 h. The observed ammonium increase was a factor of 3.90 +/- 2.93 in about 4 h, but accounted for just similar to 36% of the gaseous ammonia lost on a molar basis. Some of the gas phase NH3 loss may have been due to condensation on, or formation of, particles below the AMS detection range. NOx was converted to PAN and particle nitrate with PAN production being about two times greater than production of observable nitrate in the first similar to 4 h following emission. The excess aerosol light scattering in the plume (normalized to excess CO2) increased by a factor of 2.50 +/- 0.74 over 4 h. The increase in light scattering was similar to that observed in an earlier study of a biomass burning plume in Mexico where significant secondary formation of OA closely tracked the increase in scattering. In the California plume, however, Delta OA/Delta CO2 decreased sharply for the first hour and then increased slowly with a net decrease of similar to 20% over 4 h. The fraction of thickly coated rBC particles increased up to similar to 85% over the 4 h aging period. Decreasing OA accompanied by increased scattering/particle coating in initial aging may be due to a combination of particle coagulation and evaporation processes. Recondensation of species initially evaporated from the particles may have contributed to the subsequent slow rise in OA. We compare our results to observations from other plume aging studies and suggest that differences in environmental factors such as smoke concentration, oxidant concentration, actinic flux, and RH contribute significantly to the variation in plume evolution observations. C1 [Akagi, S. K.; Yokelson, R. J.; Burling, I. R.] Univ Montana, Dept Chem, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Craven, J. S.; Seinfeld, J. H.] CALTECH, Div Chem & Chem Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Taylor, J. W.; McMeeking, G. R.; Coe, H.] Univ Manchester, Ctr Atmospher Sci, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Urbanski, S. P.; Wold, C. E.] US Forest Serv, Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT USA. [Alvarado, M. J.] AER, Lexington, MA USA. [Weise, D. R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Forest Fire Lab, Riverside, CA USA. RP Yokelson, RJ (reprint author), Univ Montana, Dept Chem, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. EM bob.yokelson@umontana.edu RI McMeeking, Gavin/A-7679-2008; Yokelson, Robert/C-9971-2011; Coe, Hugh/C-8733-2013; OI McMeeking, Gavin/0000-0001-9782-3713; Yokelson, Robert/0000-0002-8415-6808; Coe, Hugh/0000-0002-3264-1713; Taylor, Jonathan/0000-0002-2120-186X FU NSF [ATM-0513055, ATM-0936321]; Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) [SI-1648, SI-1649, 08JV11272166039]; Royal Society; UK Natural Environment Research Council FX We thank our pilot Scott Miller and the USFS Region 4 Twin Otter management and support team. We thank Jason McCarty and the Santa Barbara County Fire Department for carrying out the burn, fuels and weather information, and coordination with our airborne team. We thank Jose Jimenez, Doug Worsnop, and Chuck Kolb for useful discussions regarding this manuscript and Holly Eissinger for help in preparation of selected figures. Satellite imagery and analysis were provided by Mark Ruminski, NESDIS, Satellite Analysis Branch. Research modifications to the Twin Otter, specialized inlets, and upgrades to AFTIR were funded by NSF grant ATM-0513055. S. A., G. M., and R. Y. were supported in whole or part by NSF grant ATM-0936321. R. Y., J. C., I. B., and the Twin Otter flight hours were supported by the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) projects SI-1648 and SI-1649 and administered through Forest Service Research Joint Venture Agreement 08JV11272166039, and we thank the sponsors for their support. Participation of the SP2 was made possible in part by a travel grant from the Royal Society and support from the UK Natural Environment Research Council. NR 118 TC 85 Z9 85 U1 5 U2 108 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2012 VL 12 IS 3 BP 1397 EP 1421 DI 10.5194/acp-12-1397-2012 PG 25 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 897ND UT WOS:000300656500012 ER PT J AU Gimeno, IM Witter, RL Cortes, AL Reddy, SM Pandiri, AR AF Gimeno, Isabel M. Witter, Richard L. Cortes, Aneg L. Reddy, Sanjay M. Pandiri, Arun R. TI Standardization of a model to study revaccination against Marek's disease under laboratory conditions SO AVIAN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STRAIN CVI 988; INSERTIONAL MUTAGENESIS; VACCINATED CHICKENS; HERPES-VIRUS; FIELD TRIALS; DIAGNOSIS; PROTECTION; BLOOD; REPLICATION; NETHERLANDS AB Revaccination, the practice of administering Marek's disease (MD) vaccine a second time, has been used in commercial poultry flocks for many years. The rationale is largely anecdotal as the few published reports have failed to provide support for the value of the practice. In the present work, we have standardized a model to study MD revaccination under laboratory conditions. Nine bird experiments were conducted to evaluate homologous revaccination (same vaccine administered twice) and heterologous revaccination (administration of two different vaccines) with various challenge models. Our results demonstrated that heterologous revaccination (with a second vaccine more protective than the first vaccine) but not homologous revaccination provided a beneficial increase in protection. Administration of the first vaccine at 18 days of embryonation followed by a more protective second vaccine at hatch reproduced systematically the benefits of revaccination. In addition, our results show that revaccination protocols might aid in solving major drawbacks associated with various highly protective experimental MD vaccines; that is, lymphoid organ atrophy and residual virulence. Strain RM1 is one of the most protective vaccines against early challenge with highly virulent MD virus but it induces severe lymphoid atrophy in chickens lacking maternal antibodies against MD virus. In this study, strain RM1 did not induce lymphoid organ atrophy when administered as second vaccine in a revaccination protocol. Similarly, strain 648A100/BP5 maintains residual virulence in chickens lacking maternal antibodies against MD virus but did not induce any lesions when used as a second vaccine. Until now, arbitrary revaccination protocols have been occasionally proven useful to the poultry industry. The model developed in this study will allow for a better understanding of this phenomenon and its optimization. A more rational use of this practice will be of great help to control MD outbreaks until better vaccines are available. C1 [Gimeno, Isabel M.; Cortes, Aneg L.; Pandiri, Arun R.] N Carolina State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Populat Hlth & Pathobiol Dept, Raleigh, NC 27603 USA. [Witter, Richard L.] ARS, USDA, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, E Lansing, MI USA. [Reddy, Sanjay M.] Texas A&M Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, College Stn, TX USA. RP Gimeno, IM (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Populat Hlth & Pathobiol Dept, Raleigh, NC 27603 USA. EM Isabel_Gimeno@ncsu.edu FU US Poultry and Egg Association FX The authors thanks Ms Barbara Riegle for excellent technical support, Dr Raj Kulkarni for support with some of the bird experiments, and the US Poultry and Egg Association for partial funding of this study. NR 43 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0307-9457 J9 AVIAN PATHOL JI Avian Pathol. PY 2012 VL 41 IS 1 BP 59 EP 68 DI 10.1080/03079457.2011.635636 PG 10 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 897DL UT WOS:000300622800008 PM 22845322 ER PT J AU Domke, GM Becker, DR D'Amato, AW Ek, AR Woodall, CW AF Domke, Grant M. Becker, Dennis R. D'Amato, Anthony W. Ek, Alan R. Woodall, Christopher W. TI Carbon emissions associated with the procurement and utilization of forest harvest residues for energy, northern Minnesota, USA SO BIOMASS & BIOENERGY LA English DT Article DE Biomass; Bioenergy; Feedstocks; Carbon debt; Greenhouse gas emissions ID MOUNTAIN CONIFEROUS FORESTS; COARSE WOODY DEBRIS; LITTER DECOMPOSITION; UNITED-STATES; BIOMASS; SPRUCE; BOLES; POLICIES; BALANCE; INDIANA AB Interest in the use of forest-derived biomass for energy has prompted comparisons to fossil fuels and led to controversy over the atmospheric consequences of its utilization. Much of the debate has centered on the carbon storage implications of utilizing whole trees for energy and the time frame necessary to offset the carbon emissions associated with fixedlife bioenergy facilities. Forest harvest residues may provide a cost-effective, carbon friendly alternative; however, robust empirical estimates of the carbon consequences of utilizing this feedstock are needed to inform policy and management related to forestbased bioenergy. This study used a modeling approach to assess the availability of harvest residues in northern Minnesota and compared the estimated carbon emissions from in-forest decomposition with emissions from processing, transport, and utilization of residues in a proposed 26 MW bioenergy facility. Model results suggest that the combined emissions from the proposed facility would be 42 percent greater a net difference of 2,888,751 Mg of CO2 than in-forest decomposition emissions over a 25-year period. The disparity in carbon emissions with and without the proposed facility decreases with increasing time, ultimately reducing to solely emissions from harvesting and transport 190+ years after establishment. These findings have important implications for the development of renewable energy standards including incentives aimed at increasing the use of forest-derived biomass. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Domke, Grant M.; Woodall, Christopher W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Becker, Dennis R.; D'Amato, Anthony W.; Ek, Alan R.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Domke, GM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, 1992 Folwell Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM gmdomke@fs.fed.us; drbecker@umn.edu; damato@umn.edu; aek@umn.edu; cwoodall@fs.fed.us RI Becker, Dennis/E-6249-2017; OI Woodall, Christopher/0000-0001-8076-6214; Domke, Grant/0000-0003-0485-0355 FU Minnesota Power; University of Minnesota, Department of Forest Resources; Interagency Information Cooperative FX Funding for the initial report was provided by Minnesota Power, the University of Minnesota, Department of Forest Resources, and the Interagency Information Cooperative. We thank Anna Dirkswager and Steve Bratkovich for reviewing this document prior to submission. We also thank Frank Fredrickson, Mike Cashin, Steve Betzler, and Javier Espeleta for comments and suggestions on the initial report. NR 59 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 27 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0961-9534 J9 BIOMASS BIOENERG JI Biomass Bioenerg. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 36 BP 141 EP 150 DI 10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.10.035 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 895AX UT WOS:000300469700016 ER PT J AU Kahlon, TS Chiu, MM AF Kahlon, T. S. Chiu, M. M. TI Whole-Grain Gluten-free Flat Breads SO CEREAL FOODS WORLD LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Kahlon, T. S.; Chiu, M. M.] ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Kahlon, TS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM Kahlon@ars.usda.gov; maggie.chiu@ars.usda.gov NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 8 PU AACC INTERNATIONAL PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0146-6283 J9 CEREAL FOOD WORLD JI Cereal Foods World PD JAN-FEB PY 2012 VL 57 IS 1 BP 6 EP 9 PG 4 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 893VY UT WOS:000300387000003 ER PT J AU McKeown, NM Hruby, A Saltzman, E Choumenkovach, SF Jacques, PF AF McKeown, Nicola M. Hruby, Adela Saltzman, Edward Choumenkovach, Silvina Furlong Jacques, Paul F. TI Weighing in on Whole Grains: A Review of Evidence Linking Whole Grains to Body Weight SO CEREAL FOODS WORLD LA English DT Review ID CROSS-SECTIONAL ASSOCIATION; METABOLIC RISK-FACTORS; WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE; DIETARY FIBER; MASS INDEX; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; INSULIN SENSITIVITY; AMERICAN SOCIETY; HYPOCALORIC DIET; BLOOD-PRESSURE C1 [McKeown, Nicola M.; Hruby, Adela; Jacques, Paul F.] Tufts Univ, USDA, Jean Mayer Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr Epidemiol Program, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Saltzman, Edward] Tufts Univ, USDA, Jean Mayer Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Energy Metab Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Choumenkovach, Silvina Furlong] Tufts Univ, John Hancock Res Ctr Phys Act Nutr & Obes Prevent, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP McKeown, NM (reprint author), Tufts Univ, USDA, Jean Mayer Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr Epidemiol Program, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM nicola.mckeown@tufts.edu FU USDA [58-1950-7-707]; General Mills Bell Institute of Health and Nutrition, Minneapolis, MN, U.S.A. FX Supported by the USDA (agreement 58-1950-7-707) and by a research grant from the General Mills Bell Institute of Health and Nutrition, Minneapolis, MN, U.S.A. NR 59 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 8 PU AACC INTERNATIONAL PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0146-6283 J9 CEREAL FOOD WORLD JI Cereal Foods World PD JAN-FEB PY 2012 VL 57 IS 1 BP 20 EP 27 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 893VY UT WOS:000300387000006 ER PT J AU Yver, AL Bonnaillie, LM Yee, W McAloon, A Tomasula, PM AF Yver, Alexandra L. Bonnaillie, Laetitia M. Yee, Winnie McAloon, Andrew Tomasula, Peggy M. TI Fractionation of Whey Protein Isolate with Supercritical Carbon Dioxide-Process Modeling and Cost Estimation SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE supercritical carbon dioxide; fractionation; whey proteins; alpha-lactalbumin; beta-lactoglobulin ID ALPHA-LACTALBUMIN; ISOELECTRIC PRECIPITATION; CO2-PRECIPITATED CASEIN; INFANT FORMULAS; HEAT-TREATMENT; MILK; FILMS; CO2; GLYCOMACROPEPTIDE AB An economical and environmentally friendly whey protein fractionation process was developed using supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO(2)) as an acid to produce enriched fractions of alpha-lactalbumin (alpha-LA) and beta-lactoglobulin (beta-LG) from a commercial whey protein isolate (WPI) containing 20% alpha-LA and 55% beta-LG, through selective precipitation of alpha-LA. Pilot-scale experiments were performed around the optimal parameter range (T = 60 to 65 degrees C, P = 8 to 31 MPa, C = 5 to 15% (w/w) WPI) to quantify the recovery rates of the individual proteins and the compositions of both fractions as a function of processing conditions. Mass balances were calculated in a process flow-sheet to design a large-scale, semi-continuous process model using SuperproDesigner(R) software. Total startup and production costs were estimated as a function of processing parameters, product yield and purity. Temperature, T, pressure, P, and concentration, C, showed conflicting effects on equipment costs and the individual precipitation rates of the two proteins, affecting the quantity, quality, and production cost of the fractions considerably. The highest alpha-LA purity, 61%, with 80% alpha-LA recovery in the solid fraction, was obtained at T = 60 degrees C, C = 5% WPI, P = 8.3 MPa, with a production cost of $8.65 per kilogram of WPI treated. The most profitable conditions resulted in 57%-pure alpha-LA, with 71% alpha-LA recovery in the solid fraction and 89% beta-LG recovery in the soluble fraction, and production cost of $5.43 per kilogram of WPI treated at T = 62 degrees C, C = 10% WPI and P = 5.5 MPa. The two fractions are ready-to-use, new food ingredients with a pH of 6.7 and contain no residual acid or chemical contaminants. C1 [Bonnaillie, Laetitia M.; Yee, Winnie; McAloon, Andrew; Tomasula, Peggy M.] ARS, Dairy & Funct Foods Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Yver, Alexandra L.] Ecole Natl Super Ingenieurs Arts Chim & Technol, F-31030 Toulouse, France. RP Bonnaillie, LM (reprint author), ARS, Dairy & Funct Foods Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM Alexandra.yver@ensiacet.fr; Laetitia.bonnaillie@ars.usda.gov; Winnie.yee@ars.usda.gov; Andrew.mcaloon@ars.usda.gov; Peggy.tomasula@ars.usda.gov RI Bonnaillie, Laetitia/A-9829-2013 NR 47 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 31 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1422-0067 J9 INT J MOL SCI JI Int. J. Mol. Sci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 13 IS 1 BP 240 EP 259 DI 10.3390/ijms13010240 PG 20 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 890ZE UT WOS:000300184800016 PM 22312250 ER PT J AU Shukle, RH Subramanyam, S Williams, CE AF Shukle, Richard H. Subramanyam, Subhashree Williams, Christie E. TI Effects of antinutrient proteins on Hessian fly (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) larvae SO JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Mayetiola destructor; Feeding assay; Lectins; Wheat; Transgenic resistance ID MAYETIOLA-DESTRUCTOR; SNOWDROP LECTIN; DEFENSE-RESPONSE; RESISTANT WHEAT; PLANT DEFENSE; WINTER-WHEAT; GENE; INSECT; EXPRESSION; VIRULENCE AB One strategy to enhance the durability of Hessian fly resistance (R) genes in wheat is to combine them with transgenes for resistance. To identify potential transgenes for resistance a protocol for rapidly screening the proteins they encode for efficacy toward resistance is required. However, the Hessian fly is an obligate parasite of wheat and related grasses. Consequently, no protocol for in vitro delivery of antinutrient or toxic proteins to feeding larvae is available. We report here the development of a Hessian fly in planta translocation (HIT) feeding assay and the evaluation of eight lectins and the Bowman-Birk serine proteinase inhibitor for potential in transgenic resistance. Of the antinutrient proteins evaluated, Galanthus nivalis L. agglutinin (GNA), commonly termed snowdrop lectin, was the most efficacious. Ingestion of GNA caused a significant reduction in growth of Hessian fly larvae, disruption of midgut microvilli, and changes in transcript level of genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism, digestion, detoxification, and stress response. These effects of GNA are discussed from the perspective of larval Hessian fly physiology. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Shukle, Richard H.] Purdue Univ, USDA, ARS, Dept Entomol,Crop Prod & Pest Control Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Subramanyam, Subhashree] Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Shukle, RH (reprint author), Purdue Univ, USDA, ARS, Dept Entomol,Crop Prod & Pest Control Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM shukle@purdue.edu FU USDA CRIS [3602-22000-016-00D] FX We thank Debby Sherman and Chia-Ping Huang for technical support in the TEM conducted during the course of this study and John Shukle for the statistical analyses. This is a joint contribution of the USDA-ARS and Purdue University. This study was supported through USDA CRIS No. 3602-22000-016-00D. NR 47 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 11 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-1910 J9 J INSECT PHYSIOL JI J. Insect Physiol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 58 IS 1 BP 41 EP 48 DI 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2011.09.012 PG 8 WC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology SC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology GA 895DZ UT WOS:000300477700006 PM 21983260 ER PT J AU Zhang, DH Allen, AB Lax, AR AF Zhang, Dunhua Allen, April B. Lax, Alan R. TI Functional analyses of the digestive beta-glucosidase of Formosan subterranean termites (Coptotermes formosanus) SO JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Beta-glucosidase; Cellulase; Biofuel; Inhibitor; Termite ID NEOTERMES-KOSHUNENSIS; HETEROLOGOUS EXPRESSION; RETICULITERMES-FLAVIPES; ASPERGILLUS-ORYZAE; IN-VIVO; PURIFICATION; INHIBITION; CELLULOSE AB The research was to elucidate the function of the beta-glucosidase of Formosan subterranean termites in vitro and in vivo. The gene transcript was detected predominantly in the salivary gland tissue, relative to the midgut and the hindgut of the foraging worker caste, indicating salivary glands were the major expression sites of the beta-glucosidase. Using recombinant beta-glucosidase produced in Escherichia coli, the enzyme showed higher affinity and activity toward cellobiose and cellotriose than other substrates tested. In assessing impacts of specific inhibitors, we found that the beta-glucosidase could be irreversibly inactivated by conduritol B epoxide (CBE) but not gluconolactone. Termite feeding assays showed that the CBE treatment reduced the glucose supply in the midgut and resulted in the body weight loss while no effect was observed for the gluconolactone treatment. These findings highlighted that the beta-glucosidase is one of the critical cellulases responsible for cellulose degradation and glucose production; inactivation of these digestive enzymes by specific inhibitors may starve the termite. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Zhang, Dunhua; Allen, April B.; Lax, Alan R.] ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Zhang, DH (reprint author), ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM dunhua.zhang@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 14 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 11 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-1910 J9 J INSECT PHYSIOL JI J. Insect Physiol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 58 IS 1 BP 205 EP 210 DI 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2011.11.014 PG 6 WC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology SC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology GA 895DZ UT WOS:000300477700026 PM 22133313 ER PT J AU Cilia, M Bereman, M Fish, T MacCoss, MJ Gray, S AF Cilia, Michelle Bereman, Michael Fish, Tara MacCoss, Michael J. Gray, Stewart TI Homopteran Vector Biomarkers for Efficient Circulative Plant Virus Transmission are Conserved in Multiple Aphid Species and the Whitefly Bemisia tabaci SO JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE aphid; whitefly; Schizaphis graminum; Bemisia tabaci; Acyrthosiphon pisum; Toxoptera citricida; Myzus persicae; proteomics; biomarker; circulative transmission; begomovirus; luteovirus; geminivirus; leafhopper; selected reaction monitoring; SRM; mass spectrometry; targeted proteomics; Skyline ID YELLOW DWARF VIRUS; LEAF-CURL-VIRUS; ACYRTHOSIPHON-PISUM GENOME; DNA SEQUENCE DIVERGENCE; SCHIZAPHIS-GRAMINUM; LUTEOVIRUS TRANSMISSION; LEAFHOPPER TRANSMISSION; SUBSTITUTION MATRICES; INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT; TARGETED PROTEOMICS AB Plant viruses in the families Luteoviridae and Geminiviridae are phloem restricted and are transmitted in a persistent, circulative manner by homopteran insects. Using fluorescence 2-D difference gel electrophoresis to compare the proteomes of F-2 genotypes of Schizaphis graminum segregating for virus transmission ability, we recently discovered a panel of protein biomarkers that predict vector competency. Here we used aphid and whitefly nucleotide and expressed sequence tag database mining to test whether these biomarkers are conserved in other homopteran insects. S. graminum gene homologs that shared a high degree of predicted amino acid identity were discovered in two other aphid species and in the whitefly Bemisia tabaci. Selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry was used to validate the expression of these biomarkers proteins in multiple aphid vector species. The conservation of these proteins in multiple insect taxa that transmit plant viruses along the circulative transmission pathway creates the opportunity to use these biomarkers to rapidly identify insect populations that are the most efficient vectors and allow them to be targeted for control prior to the spread of virus within a crop. C1 [Cilia, Michelle; Fish, Tara; Gray, Stewart] USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Cilia, Michelle; Gray, Stewart] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Bereman, Michael; MacCoss, Michael J.] Univ Washington, Dept Genome Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Gray, S (reprint author), USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Tower Rd, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM mlc68@cornell.edu; smg3@cornell.edu FU NSF BREAD IOS [1109989]; USDA-NRI [2007-04567]; NSF [DBI-0606596]; USDA-ARS [1907-101-16, 1907-21000-024/25-00D]; NIH/NCRR [P41 RR01182] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge Theodore Thannhauser (USDA-ARS, Ithaca, NY) for providing some of the reagents used in the trypsin digestions and Kent Loeffler (Cornell University Department of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Interactions, Ithaca, NY) for assistance in formatting the figures. This work was supported by NSF BREAD IOS:1109989, USDA-NRI 2007-04567, NSF DBI-0606596, and USDA-ARS 764 CRIS projects 1907-101-16, 1907-21000-024/25-00D and NIH/NCRR funded Yeast Resource Center P41 RR01182. NR 72 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 2095-3119 J9 J INTEGR AGR JI J. Integr. Agric. PY 2012 VL 11 IS 2 BP 249 EP 262 PG 14 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 897MX UT WOS:000300655900009 ER PT J AU Kehayias, JJ Ribeiro, SML Skahan, A Itzkowitz, L Dallal, G Rogers, G Khodeir, M AF Kehayias, J. J. Ribeiro, S. M. L. Skahan, A. Itzkowitz, L. Dallal, G. Rogers, G. Khodeir, M. TI WATER HOMEOSTASIS, FRAILTY AND COGNITIVE FUNCTION IN THE NURSING HOME SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION HEALTH & AGING LA English DT Article DE Frailty; ECW; stable isotopes; BIVA analysis; BIA; NHANES; cognitive decline ID BIOELECTRICAL-IMPEDANCE VECTOR; BODY-COMPOSITION; SARCOPENIA; CLINICIAN; RELEVANCE AB Objective: - To develop and test a practical clinical method to assess frailty in nursing homes; - To investigate the relationship between cognitive status of the elderly and the balance between water compartments of their body composition. Design and subjects: Cross-sectional study, conducted at two nursing homes in Boston-MA. Methods: Body mass and height (Ht) were evaluated to calculate BMI (body mass index, in Kg/m(2)). The cognitive decline was evaluated based on the scores obtained from the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE); The extracellular to total body water ratio (ECW/TBW) was calculated after the analysis of TBW from deuterium and tritium dilution and ECW from bromide dilution. Single-frequency BIA analysis data were investigated for resistance (R) and reactance (Xc), plotted in an R/Ht Xc/Ht graph (vectorial analysis-BIVA). The BIVA results of nursing home residents were compared against the data obtained from the NHANES Ill study. TBW and ECW values were compared with a group of free-living elderly volunteers. Results: The ECW/TBW was significantly higher in nursing home residents than in the free-living individuals. BIVA analysis showed significantly higher Xc/Ht values in the reference subjects. The MMSE did not present a significant correlation with ECW/TBW for either gender. Conclusion: We proposed the ECW/TBW ratio and BIVA as surrogate methods for the clinical assessment of frailty. We tested successfully both approaches with nursing home patients and free-living volunteers and compared them to a national data base. The advent of new, portable instruments will enable field tests to further validate our proposed "Frailty Factor" in future studies. We found no correlation between frailty and cognitive decline in the nursing home. C1 [Kehayias, J. J.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Body Composit Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ribeiro, S. M. L.] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Arts Sci & Humanities, BR-05508 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Khodeir, M.] Edith Nourse Rogers Mem Vet Hosp, Bedford, MA USA. RP Kehayias, JJ (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Body Composit Lab, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM joseph.kehayias@tufts.edu RI Ribeiro, Sandra /F-7478-2012 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [58-1950-7-707] FX This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, under agreement No. 58-1950-7-707. Any opinions, findings, conclusion, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture. NR 22 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER FRANCE PI PARIS PA 22 RUE DE PALESTRO, PARIS, 75002, FRANCE SN 1279-7707 J9 J NUTR HEALTH AGING JI J. Nutr. Health Aging PD JAN PY 2012 VL 16 IS 1 BP 35 EP 39 PG 5 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 895VA UT WOS:000300523500007 PM 22238000 ER PT J AU Verrill, SP Kretschmann, DE AF Verrill, Steve P. Kretschmann, David E. TI Sources of Confusion in the Determination of ASTM Repetitive Member Factors for the Allowable Properties of Wood Products SO JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article DE Assembly; Reliability; Redundancy ID STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS; RELIABILITY; LOADS AB Confusion in the literature about the definition and calculation of repetitive member factors is identified. This confusion casts some doubt on the validity of the 1.15 repetitive member factor permitted in ASTM standards D245 and D1990. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000413. (c) 2012 American Society of Civil Engineers. C1 [Verrill, Steve P.; Kretschmann, David E.] USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Verrill, SP (reprint author), USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM sverrill@fs.fed.us NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9445 J9 J STRUCT ENG-ASCE JI J. Struct. Eng.-ASCE PD JAN PY 2012 VL 138 IS 1 BP 130 EP 133 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000413 PG 4 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 894PX UT WOS:000300440000015 ER PT J AU Sheahan, CM Bray, DB Bhat, MG Jayachandran, K AF Sheahan, C. M. Bray, D. B. Bhat, M. G. Jayachandran, K. TI Ecological, Economic, and Organizational Dimensions of Organic Farming in Miami-Dade County SO JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE organic farming; soil nutrient management; OM; NOP; CSA; collective action; input costs; Miami-Dade County; niche marketing; Redland Organics AB The purpose of this research was to determine what challenges small-scale organic farmers face in choosing their particular production, marketing, and organizational strategies in Miami-Dade County. Rapid soil assessments were used on six organic farms to determine the effects of soil nutrient management in terms of pH, soil organic matter (SOM), and phosphorus (P). Potential costs of inputs were documented for each farm to determine the largest challenges facing the profitability of organic farms. A production, marketing, and organizational analysis determined how farmers shape their inter-farm competitive and cooperative relations. Preliminary findings from soil, input, labor, marketing, and organizational factors indicate that soil health varies dramatically from farm to farm, inputs and labor constitute significant costs, and marketing, production, and organizational strategies show no signs of immediate growth. C1 [Sheahan, C. M.] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Cape May, NJ USA. [Bray, D. B.; Bhat, M. G.; Jayachandran, K.] Florida Int Univ, Earth & Environm Dept, Miami, FL 33199 USA. RP Sheahan, CM (reprint author), Cape May Plant Mat Ctr, 1536 Route 9 N, Cape May Court House, NJ 08210 USA. EM christophersheahan@yahoo.com FU USDA CSREES Hispanic Serving Institutions [2005-36422-15940] FX This project has been made possible by funding support under the USDA CSREES Hispanic Serving Institutions Higher Education Grant Program (agreement # 2005-36422-15940). NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1044-0046 EI 1540-7578 J9 J SUSTAIN AGR JI J. Sustain. Agric. PD JAN-FEB PY 2012 VL 36 IS 1-2 BP 83 EP 105 DI 10.1080/10440046.2011.627990 PG 23 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 895XA UT WOS:000300528800007 ER PT S AU Bian, QN Qin, TY Ren, ZH Wu, DY Shang, F AF Bian, Qingning Qin, Tingyu Ren, Zhihong Wu, Dayong Shang, Fu BE LaVail, MM Ash, JD Anderson, RE Hollyfield, JG Grimm, C TI Lutein or Zeaxanthin Supplementation Suppresses Inflammatory Responses in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells and Macrophages SO RETINAL DEGENERATIVE DISEASES SE Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Lutein; Zeaxanthin; IL-6; IL-8; TNF alpha; Inflammation; RPE; Macrophage ID MACULAR DEGENERATION; OXIDATIVE STRESS; UP-REGULATION; DIETARY; CAROTENOIDS; INTERLEUKIN-8; INACTIVATION; PROTEASOME; MARKERS; PROTEIN C1 [Bian, Qingning; Qin, Tingyu; Ren, Zhihong; Wu, Dayong; Shang, Fu] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Shang, F (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM qiningning.bian@tufts.edu; tingyuqin@126.com; zhihong.ren@tufts.edu; dayong.wu@tufts.edu; fu.shang@tufts.edu FU NEI NIH HHS [EY 011717] NR 18 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0065-2598 BN 978-1-4614-0630-3 J9 ADV EXP MED BIOL JI Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. PY 2012 VL 723 BP 43 EP 50 DI 10.1007/978-1-4614-0631-0_7 D2 10.1007/978-1-4614-0631-0 PG 8 WC Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Ophthalmology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Research & Experimental Medicine; Ophthalmology GA BYQ08 UT WOS:000299709700007 PM 22183314 ER PT J AU Sainju, UM Caesar-TonThat, T Caesar, A AF Sainju, Upendra M. Caesar-TonThat, Thecan Caesar, Anthony TI Comparison of soil carbon dioxide flux measurements by static and portable chambers in various management practices SO SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Soil respiration; Chamber CO2 measurements; Agricultural practices; Soil types ID GREENHOUSE GASES; NITROUS-OXIDE; TILLAGE; RESPIRATION; RESIDUE; INTENSITY; ROTATIONS; EMISSION; EXCHANGE; EFFLUX AB Portable chamber provides simple, rapid, and inexpensive measurement of soil CO2 flux but its effectiveness and precision compared with the static chamber in various soil and management practices is little known. Soil CO2 flux measured by a portable chamber using infrared analyzer was compared with a static chamber using gas chromatograph in various management practices from May to October 2008 in loam soil (Luvisols) in eastern Montana and in sandy loam soil (Kastanozems) in western North Dakota, USA. Management practices include combinations of tillage, cropping sequence, and N fertilization in loam and irrigation, tillage, crop rotation, and N fertilization in sandy loam. It was hypothesized that the portable chamber would measure CO2 flux similar to that measured by the static chamber, regardless of soil types and management practices. In both soils, CO2 flux peaked during the summer following substantial precipitation and/or irrigation (>15 mm), regardless of treatments and measurement methods. The flux varied with measurement dates more in the portable than in the static chamber. In loam, CO2 flux was 14-87% greater in the portable than in the static chamber from July to mid-August but 15-68% greater in the static than in the portable chamber from late August to October in all management practices. In sandy loam, CO2 flux was 10-229% greater in the portable than in the static chamber at all measurement dates in all treatments. Average CO2 flux across treatments and measurement dates was 9% lower in loam but 84% greater in sandy loam in the portable than in the static chamber. The CO2 fluxes in the portable and static chambers were linearly to exponentially related (R-2 = 0.68-0.70, P < 0.01, n = 40-56). Although the trends of CO2 fluxes with treatments and measurement dates were similar in both methods, the flux varied with the methods in various soil types. Measurement of soil CO2 flux by the portable chamber agreed more closely with the static chamber within 0-10 kg C ha(-1) d(-1) in loam soil under dryland than in sandy loam soil under irrigated and non-irrigated cropping systems. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Sainju, Upendra M.; Caesar-TonThat, Thecan; Caesar, Anthony] USDA ARS, No Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. RP Sainju, UM (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Plains Agr Res Lab, 1500 N Cent Ave, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. EM upendra.sainju@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS-GRACEnet FX We acknowledge the help provided by Christopher Russell and Joy Barsotti for installing chambers and collecting gas samples and data in the field and analyzing them in the laboratory. We also acknowledge USDA-ARS-GRACEnet project for providing part of the funding for this project. NR 38 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-1987 J9 SOIL TILL RES JI Soil Tillage Res. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 118 BP 123 EP 131 DI 10.1016/j.still.2011.10.020 PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 898OW UT WOS:000300752700013 ER PT J AU Boyette, CD Bryson, CT Hoagland, RE Weaver, MA AF Boyette, C. Douglas Bryson, Charles T. Hoagland, Robert E. Weaver, Mark A. TI Effects of Simulated Rainfall on Disease Development and Weed Control of the Bioherbicidal Fungi Alternaria cassiae and Colletotrichum truncatum SO WEED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Biocontrol; bioherbicide; simulated rainfall; rainfastness; wash off ID SESBANIA SESBANIA-EXALTATA; UNREFINED CORN-OIL; MYCOHERBICIDAL ACTIVITY; SPLASH DISPERSAL; BIOCONTROL; OBTUSIFOLIA; WASHOFF; DEW; TRANSLOCATION; RAINFASTNESS AB Alternaria cassiae and Colletotrichum truncatum are bioherbicidal pathogens of sicklepod, and hemp sesbania, respectively. The effects of simulated rainfall followed by 12 h simulated dew application, immediately or delayed by 1 to 4 h, on disease severity and weed control were studied for each pathogen on its weed host under greenhouse conditions. After each simulated rainfall event, treated plants were placed in a dew chamber for 12 h. Regardless of rainfall amount and/or timing, only slight differences occurred on A. cassiae disease severity and sicklepod control (85 to 100% for both parameters). However, when similar tests were imposed on C. truncatum, disease severity and hemp sesbania control were highly variable, ranging from 5 to 100%. Regardless of rainfall amount, disease development and control of hemp sesbania were greatly reduced (60%) when dew application was delayed by only 1 h following inoculation, regardless of rainfall treatment. Rainfall at 1.27 and 2.58 cm had little effect on disease development and control in hemp sesbania, but the effect of transfer time to dew application exhibited a greater role on these parameters. Thus the time between bioherbicide application and dew application was more important for C. truncatum than for A. cassiae. These results indicate that rainfall amounts and the timing of dew application caused differential effects on disease severity and weed control after application of these bioherbicides to their target weeds. C1 [Boyette, C. Douglas; Bryson, Charles T.; Hoagland, Robert E.; Weaver, Mark A.] USDA ARS, So Weed Sci Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Boyette, CD (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Weed Sci Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM doug.boyette@ars.usda.gov OI Weaver, Mark/0000-0001-9020-7264 NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 10 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0890-037X J9 WEED TECHNOL JI Weed Technol. PD JAN-MAR PY 2012 VL 26 IS 1 BP 117 EP 121 DI 10.1614/WT-D-10-00127.1 PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 898BL UT WOS:000300710300018 ER PT J AU Bryson, CT Carter, R AF Bryson, Charles T. Carter, Richard TI Growth, Reproductive Potential, and Control Strategies for Deeproot Sedge (Cyperus entrerianus) SO WEED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Weed biology; reproductive potential; weed control ID SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; CYPERACEAE; SPREAD; WEEDS AB Greenhouse, growth chamber, and field studies were conducted at Stoneville, MS, in 2000 to 2008, to determine the growth rate, reproductive and overwintering potential, and control of deeproot sedge. In growth chamber studies, deeproot sedge growth rate (ht) and plant dry wt were greatest at 25/35 C (night/day temperatures), when compared with regimes of 5/15, 15/25, and 20/30 C. Based on the average number of scales (fruiting sites per spikelet), spikelets per inflorescence, and culms per plant, deeproot sedge reproductive potential was 2.6-, 6.2-, and 17.4-fold greater than Surinam, green, and knob sedges, respectively. A single deeproot sedge plant produced an average of 85,500 achenes annually. Mowing at 15-cm ht weekly prevented achene production but did not kill deeproot sedge plants. The average number of inflorescences produced on mowed plants was 1.2 to 4 times greater in 2- and 1-yr-old deeproot sedge plants, respectively, when compared with unmowed plants. Mature deeproot sedge achenes were produced between monthly mowings. In a 3-yr field study, glyphosate, glufosinate, hexazinone, and MSMA provided more than 85% control of deeproot sedge, and above the soil, live deeproot sedge plant dry wt was reduced by 50, 64, 68, 72, 86, and 93% by dicamba, halosulfuron-methyl, MSMA, hexazinone, glufosinate, and glyphosate, respectively. All (100%) deeproot sedge plants 1 yr old or older overwintered at Stoneville, MS, at 33 degrees N latitude. C1 [Bryson, Charles T.] USDA ARS, Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. Valdosta State Univ, Dept Biol, Herbarium, Valdosta, GA 31698 USA. RP Bryson, CT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, POB 350, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM charles.bryson@ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 8 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0890-037X J9 WEED TECHNOL JI Weed Technol. PD JAN-MAR PY 2012 VL 26 IS 1 BP 122 EP 129 DI 10.1614/WT-D-10-00130.1 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 898BL UT WOS:000300710300019 ER PT J AU Forcella, F AF Forcella, Frank TI Air-Propelled Abrasive Grit for Postemergence In-Row Weed Control in Field Corn SO WEED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Abrasion; alternative weed management; corncob; nonchemical; organic; sandblasting AB Organic growers need additional tools for weed control. A new technique using abrasive grit propelled by compressed air was tested in field plots. Grit derived from corncobs was directed at seedlings of summer annual weeds growing at the bases of corn plants when the corn was at differing early stages of leaf development. Season-long, in-row weed control exceeded 90% when two or three abrasion events were coupled with between-row cultivation. Timing of weed abrasion was critical, with highest levels of control corresponding to the one-and five-leaf stages or the one-, three-, and five-leaf stages of corn development. Corn yields associated with these treatments were equivalent to those of hand-weeded controls in which no abrasive grit was applied. Thus, air-propelled abrasive grit applications at the one-, three-, and five-leaf stages of corn controlled weeds sufficiently to prevent weed-induced reductions in corn grain. Additionally, these applications were not harmful to corn plants. This new concept for weed control may be of interest to organic crop managers. C1 ARS, N Cent Soil Conservat Res Lab, USDA, Morris, MN 56267 USA. RP Forcella, F (reprint author), ARS, N Cent Soil Conservat Res Lab, USDA, 803 Iowa Ave, Morris, MN 56267 USA. EM frank.forcella@ars.usda.gov NR 12 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0890-037X J9 WEED TECHNOL JI Weed Technol. PD JAN-MAR PY 2012 VL 26 IS 1 BP 161 EP 164 DI 10.1614/WT-D-11-00051.1 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 898BL UT WOS:000300710300025 ER PT J AU Blitzer, EJ Dormann, CF Holzschuh, A Klein, AM Rand, TA Tscharntke, T AF Blitzer, Eleanor J. Dormann, Carsten F. Holzschuh, Andrea Klein, Alexandra-Maria Rand, Tatyana A. Tscharntke, Teja TI Spillover of functionally important organisms between managed and natural habitats SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Review DE Edge effects; Herbivory; Mosaic landscapes; Pollination; Seed dispersal ID NEST PREDATION RATES; SEED DISPERSAL; RAIN-FOREST; AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPES; POLLINATION SERVICES; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; FRAGMENTED LANDSCAPES; PATHOGEN SPILLOVER; ECOSYSTEM SERVICE; CROP POLLINATION AB Land-use intensification has led to a landscape mosaic that juxtaposes human-managed and natural areas. In such human-dominated and heterogeneous landscapes, spillover across habitat types, especially in systems that differ in resource availability, may be an important ecological process structuring communities. While there is much evidence for spillover from natural habitats to managed areas, little attention has been given to flow in the opposite direction. This paper synthesizes studies published to date from five functionally important trophic groups, herbivores, pathogens, pollinators, predators, and seed dispersers, and discusses evidence for spillover from managed to natural systems in all five groups. For each of the five focal groups, studies in the natural to managed direction are common, often with multiple review articles on each subject which document dozens of examples. In contrast, the number of studies which examine movement in the managed to natural direction is generally less than five studies per trophic group. These findings suggest that spillover in the managed to natural direction has been largely underestimated. As habitat modification continues, resulting in increasingly fragmented landscapes, the likelihood and size of any spillover effect will only increase. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Blitzer, Eleanor J.] Cornell Univ, Dept Entomol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Dormann, Carsten F.] CaA, Dept Computat Landscape Ecol, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany. [Holzschuh, Andrea; Tscharntke, Teja] Univ Goettingen, Dept Crop Sci, Gottingen, Germany. [Klein, Alexandra-Maria] Leuphana Univ Luneburg, Inst Ecol, Luneburg, Germany. [Rand, Tatyana A.] ARS, USDA, No Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT USA. RP Blitzer, EJ (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Entomol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM ejb278@cornell.edu; carsten.dormann@ufz.de; a.holzschuh@agr.uni-goettingen.de; tatyana.rand@ars.usda.gov; ttschar@gwdg.de RI Tscharntke, Teja/N-5123-2014 FU German Science Foundation (DFG); German Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF); Helmholtz-Association [VH-NG-247]; German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD); National Science Foundation (NSF); EU-STEP [244090-STEP-CP-FP] FX We appreciate the helpful comments of Stephen Welter and two anonymous referees. Financial support for TT came from the German Science Foundation (DFG) and the German Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF). CFD acknowledges funding by the Helmholtz-Association (VH-NG-247). EJB acknowledges funding from the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) and the National Science Foundation (NSF). AH and AMK were supported by the EU-STEP project (Status and Trends of European Pollinators, grant no.244090-STEP-CP-FP). NR 112 TC 100 Z9 102 U1 14 U2 159 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8809 J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. PD JAN 1 PY 2012 VL 146 IS 1 BP 34 EP 43 DI 10.1016/j.agee.2011.09.005 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 891GA UT WOS:000300204000004 ER PT J AU Woodall, CW Domke, GM MacFarlane, DW Oswalt, CM AF Woodall, Christopher W. Domke, Grant M. MacFarlane, David W. Oswalt, Christopher M. TI Comparing field- and model-based standing dead tree carbon stock estimates across forests of the US SO FORESTRY LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; CHALLENGES; INVENTORY AB As signatories to the United Nation Framework Convention on Climate Change, the US has been estimating standing dead tree (SDT) carbon (C) stocks using a model based on live tree attributes. The USDA Forest Service began sampling SDTs nationwide in 1999. With comprehensive field data now available, the objective of this study was to compare field- and model-based estimates of SDT C stocks across the US to evaluate potential directions for improving National Greenhouse Gas Inventory (NGHGI) reporting and C dynamics research. Field inventory data indicated that most forests have relatively little SDT C stocks (< 1 Mg/ha), whereas large SDT C stocks (> 25 Mg/ha) are infrequent. Models used for past NGHGIs to predict SDT C stocks do not accurately reflect what was observed in inventory plots, resulting in an overestimation (similar to 100 per cent) of SDT C stocks at the national scale. These results indicate that the current estimate of the Nation's total forest C stock is overestimated by similar to 4.2 per cent due to overestimation of SDT C stocks that are a relatively small component of the total forest C stock. A field-based approach is suggested for use in future C reporting efforts to reduce estimation bias. C1 [Woodall, Christopher W.; Domke, Grant M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55114 USA. [MacFarlane, David W.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Forestry, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Oswalt, Christopher M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Knoxville, TN USA. RP Woodall, CW (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, 1992 Folwell Ave, St Paul, MN 55114 USA. EM cwoodall@fs.fed.us OI Woodall, Christopher/0000-0001-8076-6214; Domke, Grant/0000-0003-0485-0355 NR 37 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 13 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0015-752X J9 FORESTRY JI Forestry PD JAN PY 2012 VL 85 IS 1 BP 125 EP 133 DI 10.1093/forestry/cpr065 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 891TF UT WOS:000300238800011 ER PT J AU Hartman, TJ Mahabir, S Baer, DJ Stevens, RG Albert, PS Dorgan, JF Kesner, JS Meadows, JW Shields, R Taylor, PR AF Hartman, T. J. Mahabir, S. Baer, D. J. Stevens, R. G. Albert, P. S. Dorgan, J. F. Kesner, J. S. Meadows, J. W. Shields, R. Taylor, P. R. TI Moderate Alcohol Consumption and 24-Hour Urinary Levels of Melatonin in Postmenopausal Women SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM LA English DT Article ID BREAST-CANCER RISK; NIGHT WORK; 6-SULFATOXYMELATONIN; ETHANOL; SECRETION; LIGHT AB Context: Low overnight urinary melatonin metabolite concentrations have been associated with increased risk for breast cancer among postmenopausal women. The Postmenopausal Women's Alcohol Study was a controlled feeding study to test the effects of low to moderate alcohol intake on potential risk factors for breast cancer including serum and urinary levels of hormones and other biomarkers. Previously, we observed significant increases in concentrations of serum estrone sulfate and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate in participants after consumption of 15 or 30 g (one or two drinks) of alcohol per day. Objective: In the present analysis, we evaluated the relationship of alcohol consumption with 24-h urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (6-SMT) concentration (micrograms per 24 h). Design and Participants: Healthy postmenopausal women(n = 51) consumed a controlled diet plus each of three treatments (a nonalcoholic placebo beverage or 15 or 30 g alcohol/d) during three 8-wk periods in random order under conditions of weight maintenance. Measures: 6-SMT was measured in 24-h urine samples that were collected at entry into the study (baseline) and at the midpoint (4 wk) and end (8 wk) of each of the three diet periods. Results: Concentration of 6-SMT was not significantly modified by the alcohol treatment after adjustment for body mass index, hours of sleep, daylight hours, and baseline level of 6-SMT. Conclusions: These results suggest that low to moderate daily alcohol consumption does not significantly affect 24-h urinary levels of melatonin among healthy postmenopausal women.(J Clin Endocrinol Metab 97: E65-E68, 2012) C1 [Hartman, T. J.] Penn State Univ, Chandlee Lab 110, Dept Nutr Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Hartman, T. J.; Taylor, P. R.] NCI, Genet Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Mahabir, S.] NCI, Modifiable Risk Factors Branch, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Baer, D. J.] USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Stevens, R. G.] Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Dept Community Med & Hlth Care, Farmington, CT 06032 USA. [Albert, P. S.] Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, Biostat & Bioinformat Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Dorgan, J. F.] Fox Chase Canc Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19111 USA. [Kesner, J. S.; Meadows, J. W.] NIOSH, Reprod Hlth Assessment Team, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Shields, R.] Informat Management Serv Inc, Silver Spring, MD 20904 USA. RP Hartman, TJ (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Chandlee Lab 110, Dept Nutr Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM tjh9@psu.edu FU National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and the Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture FX This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, and the Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and the Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 4 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0021-972X J9 J CLIN ENDOCR METAB JI J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 97 IS 1 BP E65 EP E68 DI 10.1210/jc.2011-1904 PG 4 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 893YM UT WOS:000300393800010 PM 22013099 ER PT J AU Edwards, JF Ralston, K AF Edwards, J. F. Ralston, K. TI ADRENAL CORTICAL CARCINOMAS IN BEEF CATTLE AT SLAUGHTER SO JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Edwards, J. F.] Texas A&M Univ, Coll Vet Med, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Ralston, K.] FSIS, USDA, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0021-9975 J9 J COMP PATHOL JI J. Comp. Pathol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 146 IS 1 BP 58 EP 58 PG 1 WC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences SC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences GA 890JW UT WOS:000300141900055 ER PT J AU Clemmens, AJ AF Clemmens, Albert J. TI Water-Level Difference Controller for Main Canals SO JOURNAL OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article DE Irrigation districts; Canals; Automation; Computer software; Control systems ID CONTROL ALGORITHMS; IRRIGATION AB The operation of main irrigation canals is complicated in situations in which the operator does not have full control over the canal inflow, or in which there are very long transmission distances from the point of supply, or both. Experienced operators are able to control the canal, but often supply errors are simply passed downstream, thus creating problems further down the system. In previous work, the writer showed that it is important to contain such errors and not let them pass downstream. With automatic upstream-level control, all flow errors are passed to the downstream end of the canal. Distant downstream water-level control requires full control of canal inflow. Without this, errors will occur at the upstream-most canal pool. An alternative scheme is offered here in which the canal check gates are controlled on the basis of the relative water-level error between adjacent pools. The scheme uses a simple linear model for canal pool response. The scheme is implemented as a multiple-input, multiple-output scheme and is solved as a linear quadratic regulator (LQR). Thus, all gates respond to relative deviations from water-level set point. The scheme works to keep the relative deviations in all pools the same. If inflow and outflow do not match, it effectively treats the canal as a storage reservoir. When in equilibrium, operators will be able to judge the actual flow rate mismatch by the rate of change of water levels. The scheme acts like a combination of upstream-level and distant downstream-level control. It was tested on a simulation model of the Central Main Canal at the Central Arizona Irrigation and Drainage District (CAIDD), Eloy, AZ.DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0000367. (C) 2012 American Society of Civil Engineers. C1 W Consultants Inc, Tempe, AZ 85284 USA. [Clemmens, Albert J.] ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Maricopa, AZ 85238 USA. RP Clemmens, AJ (reprint author), W Consultants Inc, 8950 S 52nd St,Ste 210, Tempe, AZ 85284 USA. EM bclemmens@westconsultants.com NR 13 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 8 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9437 J9 J IRRIG DRAIN E-ASCE JI J. Irrig. Drainage Eng-ASCE PD JAN PY 2012 VL 138 IS 1 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0000367 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering; Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Engineering; Water Resources GA 894PJ UT WOS:000300438600001 ER PT J AU Frank, JH Nadel, H AF Frank, J. H. Nadel, H. TI Life cycle and behaviour of Charoxus spinifer and Charoxus major (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae), predators of fig wasps (Hymenoptera: Agaonidae) SO JOURNAL OF NATURAL HISTORY LA English DT Article DE Charoxus; Ficus; Florida USA; Veracruz Mexico; tritrophic interaction ID FICUS; FLORIDA; CONSEQUENCES; MUTUALISM; SYCONIA AB Charoxus spinifer is associated in southern Florida with native fig trees (Ficus aurea and Ficus citrifolia). Winged adult beetles, 3.0-3.6 mm long, mate on Ficus twigs outside the syconia (fruits), and enter the syconia through holes cut by male pollinating wasps. Adults and larvae eat adult wasps within the syconia. Ovaries hold few, large, mature eggs. Larvae develop through three instars. Fully grown larvae abandon the syconia, drop to the ground, burrow to a depth of 1.5-3.7 cm, spin a silken cocoon, and pupate. Pupal duration is 8-9 days. Larval populations are highest in May, when penultimate stage syconia (phase D) are most abundant, but were detected in all months except June. Charoxus major is reported from Veracruz, associated with Ficus lapathifolia. Its adults extract wasp occupants of galled fig ovaries within syconia, and its eggs were found singly in empty galls. C1 [Frank, J. H.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Nadel, H.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Otis Lab, Buzzards Bay, MA 02542 USA. RP Frank, JH (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM jhfrank@ufl.edu NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 17 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-2933 J9 J NAT HIST JI J. Nat. Hist. PY 2012 VL 46 IS 9-10 BP 621 EP 635 DI 10.1080/00222933.2011.651641 PG 15 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 893YO UT WOS:000300394000006 ER PT J AU Quito-Avila, DF Martin, RR AF Quito-Avila, Diego F. Martin, Robert R. TI Real-time RT-PCR for detection of Raspberry bushy dwarf virus, Raspberry leaf mottle virus and characterizing synergistic interactions in mixed infections SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Raspberry bushy dwarf; Leaf mottle; Virus; Synergistic interaction; TaqMan detection ID CITRUS TRISTEZA VIRUS; STREAK-MOSAIC-VIRUS; DISEASE SYNERGISM; HOST PASSAGE; IDENTIFICATION; PLANTS; RNA; RUBUS; TRANSMISSION; ACCUMULATION AB Two TaqMan-based real-time One-Step RT-PCR assays were developed for the rapid and efficient detection of Raspberry bushy dwarf virus (RBDV) and Raspberry leaf mottle virus (RLMV), two of the most common raspberry viruses in North America and Europe. The primers and probes were designed from conserved fragments of the polymerase region of each virus and were effective for the detection of different isolates tested in this study. The RBDV assay amplified a 94 bp amplicon and was able to detect as few as 30 viral copies. Whereas the RLMV assay amplified a 180 bp amplicon and detected as few as 300 viral copies from plant and aphid RNA extracts. Both assays were significantly more sensitive than their corresponding conventional RT-PCR methods. The sensitivity of the RLMV assay was also tested on single aphids after a fixed acquisition access period (AAP). In addition, the assays revealed a novel synergistic interaction between the two viruses, where the concentration of RBDV was enhanced similar to 400-fold when it occurred in combination with RLMV compared to its concentration in single infections. The significance of this finding and the importance of the development of real-time RT-PCR assays for the detection of RBDV and RLMV are discussed. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Quito-Avila, Diego F.; Martin, Robert R.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Quito-Avila, Diego F.; Martin, Robert R.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Quito-Avila, DF (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, 3420NW Orchard Ave, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM quitod@onid.orst.edu FU US Department of Agriculture under the Specialty Crops Research Initiative (SCRI) [2009-51181-06022s] FX This work was funded partially by the US Department of Agriculture under the Specialty Crops Research Initiative (SCRI), award number 2009-51181-06022s. We are grateful to Karen Keller for technical assistance, and to growers in northern Washington State and Oregon for granting us access to their fields for leaf sampling. NR 50 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD JAN PY 2012 VL 179 IS 1 BP 38 EP 44 DI 10.1016/j.jviromet.2011.09.016 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 891HL UT WOS:000300207700007 PM 21968094 ER PT J AU Donahue, BC Petrowski, HM Melkonian, K Ward, GB Mayr, GA Metwally, S AF Donahue, Brenda C. Petrowski, Heather M. Melkonian, Karin Ward, Gordon B. Mayr, Gregory A. Metwally, Samia TI Analysis of clinical samples for early detection of classical swine fever during infection with low, moderate, and highly virulent strains in relation to the onset of clinical signs SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Classical swine fever; Virulence; Tonsil scraping; Nasal swab; Blood; Surveillance ID TRANSCRIPTASE PCR ASSAY; DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION; REPLICATION KINETICS; RT-PCR; VIRUS; OUTBREAKS; ANIMALS; PIGS; BOAR AB Classical swine fever (CSF) is a transboundary viral disease affecting swine. The clinical course of disease and the best diagnostic samples for early detection were examined using low, moderate, and highly virulent strains of CSFV inoculated into 8-12 week old domestic pigs. Clinical signs were monitored and recorded. Nasal swabs, tonsil scrapings, blood and tonsils were tested using virus isolation, immunohistochemistry, and real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (rRT-PCR).Severe clinical signs appear 3 days post infection (dpi) with the highly virulent strain, correlating with positive tonsil scrapings, tonsil and blood by virus isolation and rRT-PCR (83-100%), whereas nasal swabs become comparable by 5 dpi (89-100%). The moderate strain caused less severe clinical signs between 5 and 7 dpi, with tonsil scrapings, tonsil and blood positive by 7 dpi (83-100%), and nasal swabs were comparable at 10 dpi (67-90%). The low virulent strain showed mild clinical signs at 7 dpi, with blood, tonsil and tonsil scrapings positive by virus isolation and rRT-PCR. Except for one sample at 10 dpi, nasal swabs remained negative throughout the course of infection. This study indicates that irrespective of virulence, whole blood and tonsil scrapings are the sample of choice for early detection of CSFV in live pigs. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Donahue, Brenda C.; Petrowski, Heather M.; Ward, Gordon B.; Mayr, Gregory A.; Metwally, Samia] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Foreign Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, Natl Vet Serv Labs, USDA,Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. [Melkonian, Karin] CW Post Long Isl Univ, Dept Biol, Brookville, NY USA. RP Donahue, BC (reprint author), US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Foreign Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, Natl Vet Serv Labs, USDA,Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, POB 848, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. EM Brenda.C.Donahue@APHIS.USDA.GOV FU National Veterinary Services Laboratories (NVSL)/Center for Veterinary Biologics (CVB) FX This study was supported by the National Veterinary Services Laboratories (NVSL)/Center for Veterinary Biologics (CVB) Graduate Training Program Award. We are grateful to the animal care staff at the Plum Island Animal Disease Center, especially Donald Hermance and John Brown for their outstanding expertise. The authors would also like to thank Dr. Tammy Beckham for her guidance and members of the Diagnostic Services Section and Reagents Vaccines Services Section of the Foreign Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory (FADDL), particularly Karen Moran, Fawzi Mohamed, Wei Jia and Ming Deng. NR 31 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD JAN PY 2012 VL 179 IS 1 BP 108 EP 115 DI 10.1016/j.jviromet.2011.10.008 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 891HL UT WOS:000300207700018 PM 22036595 ER PT S AU Fiorotto, ML Sosa, HA Davis, TA AF Fiorotto, Marta L. Sosa, Horacio A., Jr. Davis, Teresa A. BE DiMario, JX TI In Vivo Measurement of Muscle Protein Synthesis Rate Using the Flooding Dose Technique SO MYOGENESIS: METHODS AND PROTOCOLS SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Protein synthesis; Translation; Protein degradation; Skeletal muscle; Amino acid tracer; Phenylalanine ID SKELETAL-MUSCLE; TURNOVER; METABOLISM; TISSUES; ACID; INJECTION; BREAKDOWN AB Skeletal muscle mass is determined by the balance between rates of protein synthesis and degradation. Protein synthesis rates can be measured in vivo by administering an amino acid as a tracer that is labeled with an isotope (radioactive or stable) of C, H, or N. The rate at which the labeled amino acid is incorporated into muscle protein, as a function of the amount of labeled amino acid in the precursor pool at the site of translation, reflects the rate of protein synthesis. There arc a number of approaches for performing this measurement depending on the question being addressed and the experimental system being studied. In this chapter, we describe the "flooding dose" approach using L-[H-3]-phenylalanine as the tracer and that is suitable for determining the rate of skeletal muscle protein synthesis (total and myofibrillar proteins) over an acute period (ideally less than 30 min) in any size animal; details for working with mice arc presented. The method describes how to administer the tracer without anesthesia, the tissue collection, and the preparation of muscle and blood samples for analysis of the tracer and tracee amino acids in the precursor pool and in muscle proteins. C1 [Fiorotto, Marta L.; Sosa, Horacio A., Jr.; Davis, Teresa A.] ARS, Dept Pediat, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr,Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX USA. RP Fiorotto, ML (reprint author), ARS, Dept Pediat, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr,Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX USA. FU NIAMS NIH HHS [R01 AR044474, R01 AR046308] NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-61779-342-4 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2012 VL 798 BP 245 EP 264 DI 10.1007/978-1-61779-343-1_14 D2 10.1007/978-1-61779-343-1 PG 20 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BYL97 UT WOS:000299298100014 PM 22130841 ER PT J AU DeGraff, JV AF DeGraff, J. V. TI Solving the dilemma of transforming landslide hazard maps into effective policy and regulations SO NATURAL HAZARDS AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES LA English DT Article AB As geoscientists, we often perceive the production of a map or model to adequately define landslide hazard for an area as the answer or end point for reducing risk to people and property. In reality, the risk to people and property remains pretty much the same as it did before the map existed. Real landslide risk reduction takes place when the activities and populations at risk are changed so the consequences of a landslide event results in lower losses. Commonly, this takes place by translating the information embodied in the landslide hazard map into some change in policy and regulation applying to the affected area. This is where the dilemma arises. Scientific information generally has qualifications, gradations, and conditions associated with it. Regulations are necessarily written in language that tries to avoid any need for interpretation. Effectively incorporating geologic information into regulations and ordinances requires continued involvement with their development and implementation. Unless geoscientists are willing to participate in that process, sustainable risk reduction is unlikely to occur. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Clovis, CA USA. RP DeGraff, JV (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Clovis, CA USA. EM jdegraff@fs.fed.us NR 38 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1561-8633 J9 NAT HAZARD EARTH SYS JI Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci. PY 2012 VL 12 IS 1 BP 53 EP 60 DI 10.5194/nhess-12-53-2012 PG 8 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA 891RP UT WOS:000300234600007 ER PT J AU Hodson, AK Siegel, JP Lewis, EE AF Hodson, A. K. Siegel, J. P. Lewis, E. E. TI Ecological influence of the entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema carpocapsae, on pistachio orchard soil arthropods SO PEDOBIOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Entomopathogenic nematode; Biological control; Non-target effects; Biodiversity ID NAVEL ORANGEWORM LEPIDOPTERA; FOOD-WEB; ENTOMOGENOUS NEMATODES; AMYELOIS-TRANSITELLA; FIELD APPLICATION; POTENTIAL ROLE; CALIFORNIA; HETERORHABDITIDAE; PERSISTENCE; RHABDITIDA AB The entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernemo carpocapsae, can reduce pesticide reliance in pistachios by controlling overwintering larvae of the navel orangeworm, Amyelois transitella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). But, beyond this, their influence in pistachio soil food webs is unclear. Given soil food webs' complexity. S. carpocapsae likely interact with more species than just their intended target, infecting alternate hosts or providing food for native predators. This study quantifies the nematodes' effects on soil arthropod and surface arthropod diversity in two large orchards in Madera County, California. We found significantly more isotomid collembolans, predatory anystid mites and gnaphosid spiders under trees where nematodes were applied indicating either direct predation or indirect trophic effects. Significantly fewer Forficula auricularia (Dermaptera: Forficulidae) and Blapstinus discolor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) were found under treated trees, suggesting a possible non-target infection. Nematode persistence was limited but positively correlated with pitfall catches of the tenebrionid beetles, Nyctoporis cristata and B. discolor. (C) 2011 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. C1 [Hodson, A. K.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Siegel, J. P.] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA USA. [Lewis, E. E.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Dept Nematol, Davis, CA USA. RP Hodson, AK (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM akhodson@ucdavis.edu FU University of California FX This project was supported, in part, by a Robert van den Bosch Biological Control Scholarship, awarded to A. Hodson by the University of California. The authors wish to thank Larry Duncan and other anonymous reviewers for their comments, which improved this manuscript. Special thanks to Patricia Noble for field assistance, Melissa Friedman, Lily Wu, Daren Harris and Anna Kehl for laboratory assistance, and Fran Keller for assistance with insect identification. NR 64 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0031-4056 J9 PEDOBIOLOGIA JI Pedobiologia PY 2012 VL 55 IS 1 BP 51 EP 58 DI 10.1016/j.pedobi.2011.10.005 PG 8 WC Ecology; Soil Science SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture GA 891IT UT WOS:000300211100007 ER PT J AU Tamguney, G Richt, JA Hamir, AN Greenlee, JJ Miller, MW Wolfe, LL Sirochman, TM Young, AJ Glidden, DV Johnson, NL Giles, K DeArmond, SJ Prusiner, SB AF Tamgueney, Gueltekin Richt, Juergen A. Hamir, Amir N. Greenlee, Justin J. Miller, Michael W. Wolfe, Lisa L. Sirochman, Tracey M. Young, Alan J. Glidden, David V. Johnson, Natrina L. Giles, Kurt DeArmond, Stephen J. Prusiner, Stanley B. TI Salivary prions in sheep and deer SO PRION LA English DT Article DE scrapie; chronic wasting disease; saliva; horizontal transmission; titers ID CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE; CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB-DISEASE; MULE DEER; EXPERIMENTAL TRANSMISSION; ODOCOILEUS-HEMIONUS; SUFFOLK SHEEP; NASAL-MUCOSA; SCRAPIE; INFECTION; PROTEIN AB Scrapie of sheep and chronic wasting disease (CWD) of cervids are transmissible prion diseases. Milk and placenta have been identified as sources of scrapie prions but do not explain horizontal transmission. In contrast, CWD prions have been reported in saliva, urine and feces, which are thought to be responsible for horizontal transmission. While the titers of CWD prions have been measured in feces, levels in saliva or urine are unknown. Because sheep produce similar to 17 L/day of saliva and scrapie prions are present in tongue and salivary glands of infected sheep, we asked if scrapie prions are shed in saliva. We inoculated transgenic (Tg) mice expressing ovine prion protein, Tg(OvPrP) mice, with saliva from seven Cheviot sheep with scrapie. Six of seven samples transmitted prions to Tg(OvPrP) mice with titers of -0.5 to 1.7 log ID50 U/ml. Similarly, inoculation of saliva samples from two mule deer with CWD transmitted prions to Tg(ElkPrP) mice with titers of -1.1 to -0.4 log ID50 U/ml. Assuming similar shedding kinetics for salivary prions as those for fecal prions of deer, we estimated the secreted salivary prion dose over a 10-mo period to be as high as 8.4 log ID50 units for sheep and 7.0 log ID50 units for deer. These estimates are similar to 7.9 log ID50 units of fecal CWD prions for deer. Because saliva is mostly swallowed, salivary prions may reinfect tissues of the gastrointestinal tract and contribute to fecal prion shedding. Salivary prions shed into the environment provide an additional mechanism for horizontal prion transmission. C1 [Tamgueney, Gueltekin; Johnson, Natrina L.; Giles, Kurt; DeArmond, Stephen J.; Prusiner, Stanley B.] Inst Neurodegenerat Dis, San Francisco, CA USA. [Tamgueney, Gueltekin; Giles, Kurt; Prusiner, Stanley B.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Neurol, San Francisco, CA USA. [Richt, Juergen A.; Hamir, Amir N.; Greenlee, Justin J.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Miller, Michael W.; Wolfe, Lisa L.; Sirochman, Tracey M.] Wildlife Res Ctr, Colorado Div Wildlife, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Young, Alan J.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Vet Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Glidden, David V.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Glidden, David V.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Biostat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [DeArmond, Stephen J.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pathol, San Francisco, CA 94140 USA. [Richt, Juergen A.] Kansas State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Hamir, Amir N.] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Prusiner, SB (reprint author), Inst Neurodegenerat Dis, San Francisco, CA USA. EM stanley@ind.ucsf.edu OI Tamguney, Gultekin/0000-0002-6933-5154 FU National Institutes of Health [NS041997, AG02132, AG10770, AI064709, PO1 AI 77774-01]; Larry L. Hillblom Foundation; Hunters Point animal facility FX This work was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (NS041997, AG02132, AG10770 and AI064709 to S. B. P. and PO1 AI 77774-01 to J.A.R.) as well as by a gift from the Schott Foundation for Publication Education. G. T. was supported by a fellowship from the Larry L. Hillblom Foundation. The authors thank Pierre Lessard and the staff of the Hunters Point animal facility for support with the Tg animal experiments; Ana Serban for antibodies; Martha Church, Kevin Hassall, Trudy Tatum for expert technical assistance; the TSE animal caretakers and Hang Nguyen for editorial assistance. NR 57 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 16 PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE PI AUSTIN PA 1806 RIO GRANDE ST, AUSTIN, TX 78702 USA SN 1933-6896 J9 PRION JI Prion PD JAN-MAR PY 2012 VL 6 IS 1 BP 52 EP 61 DI 10.4161/pri.6.1.16984 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 891NK UT WOS:000300223700010 PM 22453179 ER PT J AU Janetski, JC Bodily, ML Newbold, BA Yoder, DT AF Janetski, Joel C. Bodily, Mark L. Newbold, Bradley A. Yoder, David T. TI THE PALEOARCHAIC TO EARLY ARCHAIC TRANSITION ON THE COLORADO PLATEAU: THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF NORTH CREEK SHELTER SO AMERICAN ANTIQUITY LA English DT Article ID GREAT-BASIN; ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGE; PACKRAT MIDDENS; UTAH; USA; PREHISTORY; SOUTHWEST; ARIZONA; HISTORY; CLIMATE AB Recent literature on Paleoarchaic and Early Archaic strategies in the arid west of North America has characterized the shift from the earlier to later period as constituting an adaptive discontinuity. The empirical bases for this conclusion are shifts in mobility, subsistence, and technology. Paleoarchaic peoples are described as highly mobile, focused on a diversity of animal resources, including birds and small game, and using more exotic toolstone, an aspect of mobility. In contrast, Early Archaic strategies are less mobile, yet more focused on large game, using more local toolstone, and adopting grinding tools presumably to process small seeds. Accompanying this transition is the shift from stemmed to notched projectile points. Data bearing on this transition on the Colorado Plateau have been scarce. Excavations of finely stratified deposits at North Creek Shelter on the Colorado Plateau in southern Utah have yielded support for the adaptive discontinuity position, although qualitative differences between the Great Basin and Colorado Plateau are apparent in mobility and faunal use. C1 [Janetski, Joel C.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Anthropol, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Bodily, Mark L.] US Forest Serv, Sparks, NV 89431 USA. [Newbold, Bradley A.] Washington State Univ, Dept Anthropol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Yoder, David T.] William Self Associates, Cedar City, UT 84720 USA. RP Janetski, JC (reprint author), Brigham Young Univ, Dept Anthropol, Provo, UT 84602 USA. NR 99 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 11 PU SOC AMER ARCHAEOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 900 SECOND ST., NE STE 12, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-3557 USA SN 0002-7316 J9 AM ANTIQUITY JI Am. Antiq. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 77 IS 1 BP 125 EP 159 PG 35 WC Anthropology; Archaeology SC Anthropology; Archaeology GA 885SJ UT WOS:000299800800006 ER PT J AU Duquette, E Higgins, N Horowitz, J AF Duquette, Eric Higgins, Nathaniel Horowitz, John TI FARMER DISCOUNT RATES: EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AAEA Annual Meeting CY 2011 CL Pittsburgh, PA SP AAEA ID PRICE LIST FORMATS; TIME-PREFERENCES; RISK-AVERSION; ATTITUDES C1 [Duquette, Eric; Higgins, Nathaniel; Horowitz, John] USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20036 USA. RP Duquette, E (reprint author), USDA, Econ Res Serv, 1800 M St NW, Washington, DC 20036 USA. EM eduquette@ers.usda.gov; nhiggins@ers.usda.gov; jhorowitz@ers.usda.gov NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 16 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9092 J9 AM J AGR ECON JI Am. J. Agr. Econ. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 94 IS 2 BP 451 EP 456 DI 10.1093/ajae/aar067 PG 6 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA 880RB UT WOS:000299423500029 ER PT J AU Jain, AK Stoll, B Burrin, DG Holst, JJ Moore, DD AF Jain, Ajay Kumar Stoll, Barbara Burrin, Douglas G. Holst, Jens J. Moore, David D. TI Enteral bile acid treatment improves parenteral nutrition-related liver disease and intestinal mucosal atrophy in neonatal pigs SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE chenodeoxycholic acid; fibroblast growth factor-15/19; glucagon-like peptide-1; glucagon-like peptide-2; total parenteral nutrition ID METABOLIC-RATE; PIGLETS; PROLIFERATION; GROWTH; FIBROBLAST-GROWTH-FACTOR-19; CHOLESTASIS; HOMEOSTASIS; STEATOSIS; RECEPTOR; FGFR4 AB Jain AK, Stoll B, Burrin DG, Holst JJ, Moore DD. Enteral bile acid treatment improves parenteral nutrition-related liver disease and intestinal mucosal atrophy in neonatal pigs. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 302: G218-G224, 2012. First published November 17, 2011; doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00280.2011.-Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is essential for patients with impaired gut function but leads to parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease (PNALD). TPN disrupts the normal enterohepatic circulation of bile acids, and we hypothesized that it would decrease intestinal expression of the newly described metabolic hormone fibroblast growth factor-19 (FGF19) and also glucagon-like peptides-1 and -2 (GLP-1 and GLP-2). We tested the effects of restoring bile acids by treating a neonatal piglet PNALD model with chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA). Neonatal pigs received enteral feeding (EN), TPN, or TPN + CDCA for 14 days, and responses were assessed by serum markers, histology, and levels of key regulatory peptides. Cholestasis and steatosis were demonstrated in the TPN group relative to EN controls by elevated levels of serum total and direct bilirubin and also bile acids and liver triglyceride (TG) content. CDCA treatment improved direct bilirubin levels by almost fourfold compared with the TPN group and also normalized serum bile acids and liver TG. FGF19, GLP-1, and GLP-2 were decreased in plasma of the TPN group compared with the EN group but were all induced by CDCA treatment. Intestinal mucosal growth marked by weight and villus/crypt ratio was significantly reduced in the TPN group compared with the EN group, and CDCA treatment increased both parameters. These results suggest that decreased circulating FGF19 during TPN may contribute to PNALD. Moreover, we show that enteral CDCA not only resolves PNALD but acts as a potent intestinal trophic agent and secretagogue for GLP-2. C1 [Moore, David D.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Holst, Jens J.] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Biomed Sci, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Jain, Ajay Kumar; Burrin, Douglas G.] Baylor Coll Med, Sect Pediat Gastroenterol Hepatol & Nutr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Stoll, Barbara; Burrin, Douglas G.] Baylor Coll Med, ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr,Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Moore, DD (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, 1 Baylor Plaza,BCM130, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM moore@bcm.edu OI Holst, Jens Juul/0000-0001-6853-3805 FU NIH [R01 DK068804, Q-0022]; American Liver Foundation; U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [58-6250-6-001]; Texas Medical Center Digestive Diseases Center (NIH) [P30 DK-56338] FX This work was supported by a grant NIH R01 DK068804 and R.P. Doherty, Jr. Welch Chair, (Q-0022) to D.D. Moore. A. Jain was supported in part by a grant from the American Liver Foundation. This work is a publication of the USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX. This work was supported by federal funds from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service under Cooperative Agreement Number 58-6250-6-001, and the Texas Medical Center Digestive Diseases Center (NIH Grant P30 DK-56338). The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 30 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1857 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-GASTR L JI Am. J. Physiol.-Gastroint. Liver Physiol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 302 IS 2 BP G218 EP G224 DI 10.1152/ajpgi.00280.2011 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology GA 889DX UT WOS:000300054800003 PM 22094603 ER PT J AU Wang, Y Shi, XM Qi, J Li, XJ Uray, K Guan, XF AF Wang, Yi Shi, Xuemei Qi, Jian Li, Xiaojie Uray, Karen Guan, Xinfu TI SIRT1 inhibits the mouse intestinal motility and epithelial proliferation SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE sirtuin 1; epithelial homeostasis; intestinal contraction; gastric emptying; ghrelin ID ACID BREATH TEST; DEACETYLASE SIRT1; COLON-CANCER; P53; GHRELIN; GROWTH; CELLS; LOCALIZATION; METABOLISM; ACTIVATION AB Wang Y, Shi X, Qi J, Li X, Uray K, Guan X. SIRT1 inhibits the mouse intestinal motility and epithelial proliferation. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 302: G207-G217, 2012. First published October 28, 2011; doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00302.2011.-Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a NAD(+)-dependent histone deacetylase, is involved in a wide array of cellular processes including glucose homeostasis, energy metabolism, proliferation and apoptosis, and immune response. However, it is unknown whether SIRT1 plays any physiological role in the regulation of intestinal homeostasis and motility. Thus the aim was to define SIRT1 expression and function in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract under physiological conditions. Forty 12-14-wk-old SIRT1 knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice were fasted 21 h and/or refed 3 h. Fasted mice were injected intraperitoneally with bromodeoxyuridine (120 mg/kg body wt) 2 h before euthanasia. SIRT1 protein was localized to gastric and intestinal epithelial nuclei and was responsive to the nutritional status. SIRT1 was required for intestinal epithelial homeostasis. The SIRT1 KO mice showed enhanced crypt proliferation and suppressed villous apoptosis, resulting in increased intestinal villous height. In the SIRT1 KO intestine, the abundance of Forkhead box protein O1 and p53 protein decreased, whereas the subcellular localization of beta-catenin protein accumulated mainly in the crypts. The SIRT1 KO mice showed accelerated gastric emptying rate with increased abundance of ghrelin mRNA and protein in the stomach. Moreover, the SIRT1 KO mouse intestine showed enhanced ex vivo spontaneous contraction. We concluded that, SIRT1 plays a critical role in the control of intestinal homeostasis (by promoting apoptosis and inhibiting proliferation) and gastrointestinal motility (by reducing gastric emptying and intestinal contractile activity), implicating a novel role for SIRT1. C1 [Wang, Yi; Shi, Xuemei; Qi, Jian; Li, Xiaojie; Guan, Xinfu] ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Wang, Yi] Shandong Agr Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Tai An, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Guan, Xinfu] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Metab, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Uray, Karen] Univ Texas Houston, Sch Med, Dept Integrat Biol, Houston, TX USA. [Uray, Karen] Univ Texas Houston, Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol, Houston, TX USA. RP Guan, XF (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM xguan@bcm.edu OI Uray, Karen/0000-0001-6997-459X FU USDA/ARS [6250-51000-043]; NIH [DK075489, DK084125]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [30728016] FX This work is supported by the USDA/ARS under Cooperative Agreement No. 6250-51000-043, NIH Grants DK075489 and DK084125, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China Grant 30728016 (X. Guan). NR 34 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1857 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-GASTR L JI Am. J. Physiol.-Gastroint. Liver Physiol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 302 IS 2 BP G207 EP G217 DI 10.1152/ajpgi.00302.2011 PG 11 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology GA 889DX UT WOS:000300054800002 PM 22038824 ER PT J AU Burling, IR Yokelson, RJ Akagi, SK Urbanski, SP Wold, CE Griffith, DWT Johnson, TJ Reardon, J Weise, DR AF Burling, I. R. Yokelson, R. J. Akagi, S. K. Urbanski, S. P. Wold, C. E. Griffith, D. W. T. Johnson, T. J. Reardon, J. Weise, D. R. TI Airborne and ground-based measurements of the trace gases and particles emitted by prescribed fires in the United States (vol 11, pg 12197, 2011) SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Correction C1 [Burling, I. R.; Yokelson, R. J.; Akagi, S. K.] Univ Montana, Dept Chem, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Urbanski, S. P.; Wold, C. E.; Reardon, J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. [Griffith, D. W. T.] Univ Wollongong, Dept Chem, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia. [Johnson, T. J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [Weise, D. R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Riverside, CA USA. RP Yokelson, RJ (reprint author), Univ Montana, Dept Chem, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. EM bob.yokelson@umontana.edu NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 22 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2012 VL 12 IS 1 BP 103 EP 103 DI 10.5194/acp-12-103-2012 PG 1 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 892XZ UT WOS:000300320200003 ER PT J AU Lauenroth, WK Bradford, JB AF Lauenroth, William K. Bradford, John B. TI Ecohydrology of dry regions of the United States: water balance consequences of small precipitation events SO ECOHYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE arid; semiarid; precipitation event size; small events; Great Plains; evaporation; transpiration ID SOIL-WATER; SHORTGRASS STEPPE; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; EVAPORATION; ECOSYSTEMS; GRASSLAND; PULSES; DESERT; TRANSPIRATION; VARIABILITY AB Small precipitation events (<= 5 mm) are a key component of the precipitation regimes of dry regions in the United States. Understanding their importance is useful, but exploring their significance for water balance processes is of utmost consequence for our knowledge about the functioning of ecosystems and their responses to climate change. Our objective was to evaluate the implications of precipitation event size distributions for the partitioning of water loss between evaporation and transpiration and for the number of days with wet soil. We used sites from the Great Plains of the United States to provide long-term weather data for our simulation analyses. Our simulations varied distributions of precipitation event size and potential evapotranspiration (PET) for two contrasting soils: a sandy loam with low water holding capacity and a silt loam with high water holding capacity. Event size and specifically the numerical importance of the smallest size (05 mm) was the most important control on our results. Soil water holding capacity and PET were important modifiers of the responses. The ratio of evaporation to actual evapotranspiration (E/AET) increased as the percentage of small events increased and as PET increased. E/AET was greater for all combinations of event size and PET for the silt loam than for the sandy loam soils. The number of days with wet soil decreased as small events and PET increased. Our results suggest that the number of small events is one of the most important controls on water balance processes in arid and semiarid regions. Copyright (c) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Lauenroth, William K.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot, Laramie, WY 82072 USA. [Lauenroth, William K.] Univ Wyoming, Program Ecol, Laramie, WY 82072 USA. [Bradford, John B.] USDA, Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Grand Rapids, MN USA. RP Lauenroth, WK (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot, Laramie, WY 82072 USA. EM WLauenro@uwyo.edu RI Bradford, John/E-5545-2011 FU National Science Foundation [0217631]; NASA [NNH08AH971] FX We want to thank Joe Schroeder, Terry Birdsall, Chris Bennett, and Bob Flynn for helping collect and analyse the data. WKL was funded by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 0217631. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. JBB was supported by the NASA Carbon Cycle Science Grant # NNH08AH971. NR 32 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 44 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1936-0584 J9 ECOHYDROLOGY JI Ecohydrology PD JAN PY 2012 VL 5 IS 1 BP 46 EP 53 DI 10.1002/eco.195 PG 8 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 885JZ UT WOS:000299776600005 ER PT J AU Zhou, ZC Liu, H Liu, SK Sun, FY Peatman, E Kucuktas, H Kaltenboeck, L Feng, TT Zhang, H Niu, DH Lu, JG Waldbieser, G Liu, ZJ AF Zhou, Zunchun Liu, Hong Liu, Shikai Sun, Fanyue Peatman, Eric Kucuktas, Huseyin Kaltenboeck, Ludmilla Feng, Tingting Zhang, Hao Niu, Donghong Lu, Jianguo Waldbieser, Geoff Liu, Zhanjiang TI Alternative complement pathway of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus): Molecular characterization, mapping and expression analysis of factors Bf/C2 and Df SO FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Catfish; Complement; Innate immunity; Factor B; Factor C2 ID CARP CYPRINUS-CARPIO; TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; JAPANESE MEDAKA FISH; NK-LIKE CELLS; MHC CLASS-I; RAINBOW-TROUT; FACTOR-B; EDWARDSIELLA-ICTALURI; LINKAGE ANALYSIS; SERINE-PROTEASE AB The complement system is important in both innate and adaptive host defense against microbial infection in vertebrates. It contains three pathways: the classical, alternative, and lectin pathways. Complement component factors B and D are two crucial proteases in the alternative pathway. In this study, the genes of complement factors Bf/C2 and Df from channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus were identified and characterized. Two complement factor B-related genes, Bf/C2A and Bf/C2B, and factor D gene Df were identified. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that Bf/C2A and Bf/C2B is likely orthologous to factor B and factor C2, respectively. Southern blot results suggested that these three genes are all single-copy genes in the catfish genome. The catfish Bf/C2A, Bf/C28 and Df genes were genetically mapped on linkage group 3, 20 and 29, respectively. Bf/C2A and Bf/C2B are highly expressed in liver and kidney, while Df is highly expressed in gill and spleen. After infection with Edwardsiella ictaluri, the expression of Bf/C2A, Bf/C2B and Df genes were found to be remarkably induced in the gill, liver, spleen and kidney at some sampling times, indicating that these three complement factors play a pivotal role in immune responses after the bacterial infection in catfish. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhou, Zunchun; Liu, Hong; Liu, Shikai; Sun, Fanyue; Peatman, Eric; Kucuktas, Huseyin; Kaltenboeck, Ludmilla; Feng, Tingting; Zhang, Hao; Niu, Donghong; Lu, Jianguo; Liu, Zhanjiang] Auburn Univ, Dept Fisheries & Allied Aquacultures, Fish Mol Genet & Biotechnol Lab, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Zhou, Zunchun; Liu, Hong; Liu, Shikai; Sun, Fanyue; Peatman, Eric; Kucuktas, Huseyin; Kaltenboeck, Ludmilla; Feng, Tingting; Zhang, Hao; Niu, Donghong; Lu, Jianguo; Liu, Zhanjiang] Auburn Univ, Program Cell & Mol Biosci, Aquat Genom Unit, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Zhou, Zunchun] Liaoning Ocean & Fisheries Sci Res Inst, Liaoning Key Lab Marine Fishery Mol Biol, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, Peoples R China. [Liu, Hong] Huazhong Agr Univ, Coll Fisheries, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Waldbieser, Geoff] USDA ARS, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Liu, ZJ (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Fisheries & Allied Aquacultures, Fish Mol Genet & Biotechnol Lab, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM zliu@acesag.auburn.edu RI Liu, Shikai /D-4664-2013 OI Liu, Shikai /0000-0001-5777-489X FU USDA AFRI [2009-35205-05101, 2010-65205-20356]; China Scholarship Council (CSC); National Nature Science Foundation of China [30972272] FX This project was supported by grants from the USDA AFRI Animal Genome Basic Genome Reagents and Tools Program (USDA/NRICGP award# 2009-35205-05101 and 2010-65205-20356). Zunchun Zhou was supported by a scholarship from the China Scholarship Council (CSC) and the National Nature Science Foundation of China (30972272). NR 69 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1050-4648 J9 FISH SHELLFISH IMMUN JI Fish Shellfish Immunol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 32 IS 1 BP 186 EP 195 DI 10.1016/j.fsi.2011.11.012 PG 10 WC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA 888BP UT WOS:000299979100022 PM 22138130 ER PT J AU Samuels, GJ Ismaiel, A Rosmana, A Junaid, M Guest, D Mcmahon, P Keane, P Purwantara, A Lambert, S Rodriguez-Carres, M Cubeta, MA AF Samuels, Gary J. Ismaiel, Adnan Rosmana, Ade Junaid, Muhammad Guest, David Mcmahon, Peter Keane, Philip Purwantara, Agus Lambert, Smilja Rodriguez-Carres, Marianela Cubeta, Marc A. TI Vascular Streak Dieback of cacao in Southeast Asia and Melanesia: in planta detection of the pathogen and a new taxonomy SO FUNGAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Ceratobasidium; Ceratobasidium ramicola; Oncobasidium; Plant pathology; Thanatephorus; Theobroma cacao; Uthatobasidium ID PAPUA-NEW-GUINEA; ONCOBASIDIUM-THEOBROMAE; RIBOSOMAL DNA; ANASTOMOSIS GROUPS; RHIZOCTONIA; COCOA; DISEASE; BASIDIOSPORES; FUNGI; CERATOBASIDIUM AB Vascular Streak Dieback (VSD) disease of cacao (Theobroma cacao) in Southeast Asia and Melanesia is caused by a basidiomycete (Ceratobasidiales) fungus Oncobasidium theobromae (syn. =Thanatephorus theobromae). The most characteristic symptoms of the disease are green-spotted leaf chlorosis or, commonly since about 2004, necrotic blotches, followed by senescence of leaves beginning on the second or third flush behind the shoot apex, and blackening of infected xylem in the vascular traces at the leaf scars resulting from the abscission of infected leaves. Eventually the shoot apex is killed and infected branches die. In susceptible cacao the fungus may grow through the xylem down into the main stem and kill a mature cacao tree. Infections in the stem of young plants prior to the formation of the first 3-4 lateral branches usually kill the plant. Basidiospores released from corticioid basidiomata developed on leaf scars or along cracks in the main vein of infected leaves infect young leaves. The pathogen commonly infects cacao but there are rare reports from avocado. As both crops are introduced to the region, the pathogen is suspected to occur asymptomatically in native vegetation. The pathogen is readily isolated but cultures cannot be maintained. In this study, DNA was extracted from pure cultures of O. theobromae obtained from infected cacao plants sampled from Indonesia. The internal transcribed spacer region (ITS), consisting of ITS1, 5.8S ribosomal RNA and ITS2, and a portion of nuclear large subunit (LSU) were sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis of ITS sequences placed O. theobromae sister to Ceratobasidium anastomosis groups AG-A, AG-Bo, and AG-K with high posterior probability. Therefore the new combination Ceratobasidium theobromae is proposed. A PCR-based protocol was developed to detect and identify C. theobromae in plant tissue of cacao enabling early detection of the pathogen in plants. A second species of Ceratobasidium, Ceratobasidium ramicola, identified through ITS sequence analysis, was isolated from VSD-affected cacao plants in Java, and is widespread in diseased cacao collected from Indonesia. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The British Mycological Society. C1 [Samuels, Gary J.; Ismaiel, Adnan] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Rosmana, Ade; Junaid, Muhammad] Hasanuddin Univ, Coll Agr, Makassar 90245, Indonesia. [Guest, David] Univ Sydney, Fac Agr Food & Nat Resources, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Mcmahon, Peter; Keane, Philip] La Trobe Univ, Dept Bot, Bundoora, Vic 3086, Australia. [Purwantara, Agus] Biotechnol Res Inst Estate Crops, Bogor 16151, Indonesia. [Lambert, Smilja] Mars Australia, Ballarat, Vic 3353, Australia. [Rodriguez-Carres, Marianela; Cubeta, Marc A.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Ctr Integrated Fungal Res, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. RP Samuels, GJ (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Ave,B-010A,Rm 213, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM gary.samuels@ars.usda.gov RI Guest, David/A-9481-2011 OI Guest, David/0000-0002-4138-5635 FU US Department of Agriculture, Foreign Agricultural Service; World Coco Foundation; Indonesian Department of Education (PAR-C); Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research; MARS Inc.; Embassy of Indonesia in the United States FX Agung Susilo (Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute) provided material of infected cacao. Romulo Cena (University of Southern Mindanao, Philippines) went to great efforts in an unsuccessful effort to provide material of infected cacao for this research. Muhammad Junaid was supported by the Norman E. Borlaug Fellowship Program (US Department of Agriculture, Foreign Agricultural Service) and the World Coco Foundation. Ade Rosmana was supported by a fellowship from the Indonesian Department of Education (PAR-C). Research was supported in part by grants from the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, MARS Inc., and the Embassy of Indonesia in the United States (with special thanks to Mr. Offy Ismojo). We also acknowledge valuable contributions of Ray Schnell and Lyndel Meinhardt, USDA. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 47 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1878-6146 EI 1878-6162 J9 FUNGAL BIOL-UK JI Fungal Biol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 116 IS 1 BP 11 EP 23 DI 10.1016/j.funbio.2011.07.009 PG 13 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 889ZM UT WOS:000300114900002 PM 22208598 ER PT J AU Baynes, M Newcombe, G Dixon, L Castlebury, L O'Donnell, K AF Baynes, Melissa Newcombe, George Dixon, Linley Castlebury, Lisa O'Donnell, Kerry TI A novel plant-fungal mutualism associated with fire SO FUNGAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bromus tectorum; Enhanced mutualism hypothesis; Morchella; Plant invasions; Symbiont-mediated; thermotolerance ID WESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; TRUE MORELS MORCHELLA; BALANSIA-CYPERI; INVASIONS; ENDOPHYTES; THERMOTOLERANCE; CLAVICIPITACEAE; TRANSMISSION; DIVERSITY; INFERENCE AB Bromus tectorum, or cheatgrass, is native to Eurasia and widely invasive in western North America. By late spring, this annual plant has dispersed its seed and died; its aboveground biomass then becomes fine fuel that burns as frequently as once every 3-5 y in its invaded range. Cheatgrass has proven to be better adapted to fire there than many competing plants, but the contribution of its fungal symbionts to this adaptation had not previously been studied. In sampling cheatgrass endophytes, many fire-associated fungi were found, including Morchella in three western states (New Mexico, Idaho, and Washington). In greenhouse experiments, a New Mexico isolate of Morchella increased both the biomass and fecundity of its local cheatgrass population, thus simultaneously increasing both the probability of fire and survival of that event, via more fuel and a greater, belowground seed bank, respectively. Re-isolation efforts proved that Morchella could infect cheatgrass roots in a non-mycorrhizal manner and then grow up into aboveground tissues. The same Morchella isolate also increased survival of seed exposed to heat typical of that which develops in the seed bank during a cheatgrass fire. Phylogenetic analysis of Eurasian and North American Morchella revealed that this fire-associated mutualism was evolutionarily novel, in that cheatgrass isolates belonged to two phylogenetically distinct species, or phylotypes, designated Me1-6 and Mel-12 whose evolutionary origin appears to be within western North America. Mutualisms with fire-associated fungi may be contributing to the cheatgrass invasion of western North America. (C) 2011 British Mycological Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Newcombe, George] Univ Idaho, Dept Forest Ecol & Biogeosci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Baynes, Melissa] Univ Idaho, Environm Sci Program, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Dixon, Linley; Castlebury, Lisa] BARC ARS USDA, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [O'Donnell, Kerry] NCAUR ARS USDA, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Newcombe, G (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Forest Ecol & Biogeosci, POB 441133, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM mbaynes@vandals.uidaho.edu; georgen@uidaho.edu; linleyjdixon@gmail.com; lisa.castlebury@ars.usda.gov; kerry.odonnell@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station FX Support was provided by the U.S. Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station. We specifically thank Rosemary Pendleton for cheatgrass collections in New Mexico, Adam Prazenica for Morchella collections in Idaho, Alexander Peterson and Kelly Cavanaugh for assistance in the laboratory and greenhouse, Joyce Sun for Fig 6, Susan Meyer for her critique of an earlier draft, and Kerstin Voigt and Kerstin Hoffman for zygomycetous sequences. The mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 58 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 3 U2 46 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1878-6146 J9 FUNGAL BIOL-UK JI Fungal Biol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 116 IS 1 BP 133 EP 144 DI 10.1016/j.funbio.2011.10.008 PG 12 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 889ZM UT WOS:000300114900012 PM 22208608 ER PT J AU Schetelig, MF Milano, A Saccone, G Handler, AM AF Schetelig, Marc F. Milano, Andreina Saccone, Giuseppe Handler, Alfred M. TI Male only progeny in Anastrepha suspensa by RNAi-induced sex reversion of chromosomal females SO INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Sex-determination; Transformer; Transformer-2; Tephritidae; Sterile insect technique; Genetic-sexing ID STERILE INSECT TECHNIQUE; CARIBBEAN FRUIT-FLY; CERATITIS-CAPITATA; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; TRANSFORMER GENE; TRANSLATIONAL CONTROL; MUSCA-DOMESTICA; FLIES DIPTERA; Y-CHROMOSOME; TEPHRITIDAE AB In Tephritidae sex determination is established by orthologs to the Drosophila melanogaster transformer and transformer-2 genes, though the primary signals for sex determination differ. The presence of the Y chromosome in the tephritid species is critical for male differentiation, while the ratio of X chromosomes to autosome ploidy is critical in drosophilids. Here the isolation, expression and function of tra and tra-2 orthologs are described for the agriculturally important tephritid, Anastrepha suspensa, and their possible use in genetically modified organisms for biologically-based pest management. The Astra and Astra-2 genes are highly conserved in structure, regulation and function with respect to those known from other tephritid species. Sex-specific transcripts for Astra were detected, one in females and three in males, whereas Astra-2 had a single common transcript found in both sexes. To test the function of these genes, Astra and Astra-2 dsRNA was injected into A. suspensa embryos from a transgenic strain having a Y-linked DsRed marker integration, allowing XY males to be distinguished from XX phenotypic males. Nearly all XX embryos developed into fully masculinized phenotypic male adults with no apparent female morphology. Upon dissection abnormal hypertrophic gonads were revealed in XX pseudomales but not in the XY males. Our findings suggest that Astra and Astra-2 are both necessary for female development, and that the potential exists for producing a male-only population when either gene alone, or both genes simultaneously, are knocked-down. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Schetelig, Marc F.; Handler, Alfred M.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Milano, Andreina; Saccone, Giuseppe] Univ Naples Federico 2, Dipartimento Sci Biol, Sez Genet & Biol Mol, I-80134 Naples, Italy. RP Handler, AM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, 1700 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM ahandler@ufl.edu RI saccone, giuseppe/F-8627-2013 OI saccone, giuseppe/0000-0002-9835-3693 FU USDA-NIFA-Agriculture and Food Research Initiative; Ministry of Education, University and Research; USDA-ARS; Insect Science and Biotechnology FX Funding was provided by the USDA-NIFA-Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (AMH) and the Ministry of Education, University and Research (PRIN 2008, Italy, to Prof. L C. Polito and GS). In addition, MFS was supported by a USDA-ARS postdoctoral associate fellowship and AM by a doctoral fellowship of the program "Insect Science and Biotechnology". We thank Daniel Bopp, Francesco Sarno, and Lucas Sanchez for helpful discussions on hypertrophic gonads and Rodney Nagoshi and Nirmala Xavier for comments on the manuscript. NR 38 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 4 U2 26 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0965-1748 J9 INSECT BIOCHEM MOLEC JI Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 42 IS 1 BP 51 EP 57 DI 10.1016/j.ibmb.2011.10.007 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology GA 888DB UT WOS:000299982900006 PM 22079281 ER PT J AU Hessl, AE Ariya, U Brown, P Byambasuren, O Green, T Jacoby, G Sutherland, EK Nachin, B Maxwell, RS Pederson, N De Grandpre, L Saladyga, T Tardif, JC AF Hessl, Amy E. Ariya, Uyanga Brown, Peter Byambasuren, Oyunsannaa Green, Tim Jacoby, Gordon Sutherland, Elaine Kennedy Nachin, Baatarbileg Maxwell, R. Stockton Pederson, Neil De Grandpre, Louis Saladyga, Thomas Tardif, Jacques C. TI Reconstructing fire history in central Mongolia from tree-rings SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE climate change; forest-steppe; land use ID NORTH-CENTRAL MONGOLIA; PONDEROSA PINE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; INDEX; TEMPERATURE; RECORDS AB Rising temperatures are expected to increase wildfire activity in many regions of the world. Over the last 60 years in Mongolia, mean annual temperatures have increased similar to 2 degrees C and the recorded frequency and spatial extent of forest and steppe fires have increased. Few long records of fire history exist to place these recent changes in a historical perspective. The purpose of this paper is to report on fire history research from three sites in central Mongolia and to highlight the potential of this region as a test case for understanding the relationships between climate change, fire and land use. We collected partial cross-sections from fire-scarred trees and stumps at each site using a targeted sampling approach. All three sites had long histories of fire ranging from 280 to 450 years. Mean Weibull fire return intervals varied from 7 to 16 years. Fire scars at one protected-area site were nearly absent after 1760, likely owing to changes in land use. There is limited synchrony in fire occurrence across sites, suggesting that fire occurrence, at least at annual time scales, might be influenced by local processes (grazing, human ignitions, other land-use factors) as well as regional processes like climate. Additional data are being collected to further test hypotheses regarding climate change, land use and fire. C1 [Hessl, Amy E.; Saladyga, Thomas] W Virginia Univ, Dept Geol & Geog, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Ariya, Uyanga; Byambasuren, Oyunsannaa; Nachin, Baatarbileg] Natl Univ Mongolia, Dept Forest Sci, Ulaanbaatar, Mongol Peo Rep. [Brown, Peter] Rocky Mt Tree Ring Res, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Green, Tim] Univ Tennessee, Dept Geog, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Jacoby, Gordon; Pederson, Neil] Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Tree Ring Lab, Palisades, NY 10964 USA. [Sutherland, Elaine Kennedy] US Forest Serv, Missoula Forestry Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. [Maxwell, R. Stockton] Penn State Univ, Dept Geog, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [De Grandpre, Louis] Canadian Forest Serv, Laurentian Forestry Ctr, Stn St Foy, Quebec City, PQ G1V 4C7, Canada. [Tardif, Jacques C.] Univ Winnipeg, Dept Biol & Environm Studies, Ctr Forest Interdisciplinary Res C FIR, Winnipeg, MB R3B 2E9, Canada. RP Hessl, AE (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Dept Geol & Geog, Box 6300, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM amy.hessl@mail.wvu.edu RI Nachin, Baatarbileg/M-2437-2016; OI Maxwell, Stockton/0000-0002-4811-5929 FU American Center for Mongolian Studies; National Science Foundation [DEB 0815021] FX This research was inspired by the 7th International Dendrochronological Fieldweek held at Bogd Mountain in 2005. We thank all field assistants who volunteered their time to support Fieldweek (E. Oyunbilig, B. Ser-Od and N. Biligbaatar). Additional research was supported by grants from the American Center for Mongolian Studies to R. Stockton Maxwell and the National Science Foundation grant number DEB 0815021. NR 33 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 25 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2012 VL 21 IS 1 BP 86 EP 92 DI 10.1071/WF10108 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 886YD UT WOS:000299890100007 ER PT J AU Vanengelsdorp, D Caron, D Hayes, J Underwood, R Henson, M Rennich, K Spleen, A Andree, M Snyder, R Lee, K Roccasecca, K Wilson, M Wilkes, J Lengerich, E Pettis, J AF vanEngelsdorp, Dennis Caron, Dewey Hayes, Jerry Underwood, Robyn Henson, Mark Rennich, Karen Spleen, Angela Andree, Michael Snyder, Robert Lee, Kathleen Roccasecca, Karen Wilson, Michael Wilkes, James Lengerich, Eugene Pettis, Jeffery CA Bee Informed Partnership TI A national survey of managed honey bee 2010-11 winter colony losses in the USA: results from the Bee Informed Partnership SO JOURNAL OF APICULTURAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Honey bee; overwinter; mortality; USA; 2010-11 AB This study records the fifth consecutive year that winter losses of managed honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies in the USA have been around 30%. In April 2011, a total of 5,441 US beekeepers (an estimated 11% of total US beekeepers) responded to a survey conducted by the Bee Informed Partnership. Survey respondents reported that they had lost an average of 38.4% of their colonies, for a total US colony loss of 29.9% over the winter of 2010-11. One-third of respondents (all classified as backyard beekeepers, i.e. keeping fewer than 50 colonies) reported no winter loss. There was considerable variation in both the average and total loss by state. On average, beekeepers consider acceptable losses to be 13.2%, but 68% of all responding beekeepers suffered actual losses in excess of what they considered acceptable. Of beekeepers who reported losing at least one colony, manageable conditions, such as starvation and a weak condition in the fall, were the leading self-identified causes of mortality. Respondents who indicated that varroa mites (Varroa destructor), small hive beetles (Aethina tumida), poor wintering conditions, and/or Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD) conditions were a leading cause of mortality in their operations suffered a higher average loss than beekeepers who did not list any of these as potential causes. In a separate question, beekeepers who reported the symptom "no dead bees in hive or apiary" had significantly higher losses than those who did not report this symptom. In addition, commercial beekeepers were significantly more likely to indicate that colonies died with this symptom than either backyard or sideliner beekeepers. C1 [vanEngelsdorp, Dennis; Underwood, Robyn; Rennich, Karen; Roccasecca, Karen] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Caron, Dewey] Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, Corvallis, OR 97301 USA. [Hayes, Jerry] Florida State Dept Agr, Bur Plant & Apiary Inspect, Apiary Inspect Sect, Div Plant Ind, Gainesville, FL 32614 USA. [Underwood, Robyn] Kutztown State Univ, Dept Biol, Kutztown, PA 19530 USA. [Henson, Mark; Wilkes, James] Appalachian State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Boone, NC 28608 USA. [Spleen, Angela; Lengerich, Eugene] Penn State Univ, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. [Andree, Michael; Snyder, Robert; Lee, Kathleen] Univ Calif, Oroville, CA 95965 USA. [Wilson, Michael] Univ Tennessee, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Pettis, Jeffery] USDA ARS, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Bee Informed Partnership] Www Beeinformed Org, Medina City, OH USA. RP Vanengelsdorp, D (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM dennis.vanengelsdorp@gmail.com RI vanEngelsdorp, Dennis/E-7934-2010; OI Lengerich, Eugene/0000-0001-9872-1647 FU USDA-NIFA: the Bee Informed Partnership FX We thank all respondents, including those contacted by phone and email for their participation. We thank Vic Levi, Nathan Rice, Karen Roccasecca, Bart Smith, Jennie Spitzinger and Linda Wertz for making the survey calls to numerous beekeepers, as well as the many beekeeping organizations, industry leaders and beekeeping clubs that forwarded our appeal for participation emails. Thank you also to the Apiary Inspectors of America, Bee Culture magazine and American Bee Journal for sending out participation requests to their online audiences. This project was funded by a CAP grant from USDA-NIFA: the Bee Informed Partnership and includes, in addition to several of the authors, K Baylis, J H Connell, K S Delaplane, S Donohue, W Esaias, B Gross, R Rose, J Skinner, M Spivak, D R Tarpy and J T Wilkes. NR 21 TC 80 Z9 83 U1 6 U2 97 PU INT BEE RESEARCH ASSOC PI CARDIFF PA 16 NORTH RD, CARDIFF CF10 3DY, WALES SN 0021-8839 J9 J APICULT RES JI J. Apic. Res. PY 2012 VL 51 IS 1 BP 115 EP 124 DI 10.3896/IBRA.1.51.1.14 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 888HY UT WOS:000299995700013 ER PT J AU Dietemann, V Pflugfelder, J Anderson, D Charriere, JD Chejanovsky, N Dainat, B de Miranda, J Delaplane, K Dillier, FX Fuch, S Gallmann, P Gauthier, L Imdorf, A Koeniger, N Kralj, J Meikle, W Pettis, J Rosenkranz, P Sammataro, D Smith, D Yanez, O Neumann, P AF Dietemann, Vincent Pflugfelder, Jochen Anderson, Denis Charriere, Jean-Daniel Chejanovsky, Nor Dainat, Benjamin de Miranda, Joachim Delaplane, Keith Dillier, Franz-Xaver Fuch, Stefan Gallmann, Peter Gauthier, Laurent Imdorf, Anton Koeniger, Nikolaus Kralj, Jasna Meikle, William Pettis, Jeff Rosenkranz, Peter Sammataro, Diana Smith, Deborah Yanez, Orlando Neumann, Peter TI Varroa destructor: research avenues towards sustainable control SO JOURNAL OF APICULTURAL RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE honey bee; Apis mellifera; pollination; colony losses; Varroa destructor; sustainable control; future perspectives ID APIS-MELLIFERA COLONIES; HONEY-BEE COLONIES; HYMENOPTERA APIDAE; ECTOPARASITIC MITE; COLLAPSE DISORDER; CONTROL AGENTS; JACOBSONI; LOSSES; ACARI; MESOSTIGMATA AB Pollination by honey bees plays a key role in the functioning of ecosystems and optimisation of agricultural yields. Severe honey bee colony losses worldwide have raised concerns about the sustainability of these pollination services. In many cases, bee mortality appears to be the product of many interacting factors, but there is a growing consensus that the ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor plays the role of the major predisposing liability. We argue that the fight against this mite should be a priority for future honey bee health research. We highlight the lack of efficient control methods currently available against the parasite and discuss the need for new approaches. Gaps in our knowledge of the biology and epidemiology of the mite are identified and a research road map towards sustainable control is drawn. Innovative and challenging approaches are suggested in order to stimulate research efforts and ensure that honey bees will be able to sustainably fulfil their role in the ecosystem. C1 [Dietemann, Vincent; Pflugfelder, Jochen; Charriere, Jean-Daniel; Dainat, Benjamin; Gallmann, Peter; Gauthier, Laurent; Imdorf, Anton; Yanez, Orlando; Neumann, Peter] Agroscope Liebefeld Posieux Res Stn ALP, Swiss Bee Res Ctr, Bern, Switzerland. [Dietemann, Vincent] Univ Pretoria, Dept Zool & Entomol, ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa. [Anderson, Denis] CSIRO Entomol, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Chejanovsky, Nor] Volcani Ctr, Dept Entomol, Bet Dagan, Israel. [de Miranda, Joachim] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Ecol, Uppsala, Sweden. [Delaplane, Keith] Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Fuch, Stefan; Koeniger, Nikolaus] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Bienenkunde, D-61440 Oberursel, Germany. [Kralj, Jasna] Natl Inst Biol, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. [Meikle, William] USDA ARS, Honey Bee Res Unit, Kika de la Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. [Pettis, Jeff] USDA ARS, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Rosenkranz, Peter] Univ Hohenheim, Apicultural State Inst, D-70593 Stuttgart, Germany. [Sammataro, Diana] USDA ARS, Carl Hayden Honey Bee Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Smith, Deborah] Univ Kansas, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol Entomol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Neumann, Peter] Rhodes Univ, Dept Zool & Entomol, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa. RP Dietemann, V (reprint author), Agroscope Liebefeld Posieux Res Stn ALP, Swiss Bee Res Ctr, Bern, Switzerland. EM vincent.dietemann@alp.admin.ch RI Yanez, Orlando/I-2428-2016 OI Yanez, Orlando/0000-0001-8493-2726 FU European Cooperation in Science and Technology Programme (COST) [FA0803 COLOSS] FX This article reports the conclusions reached by the authors during a workshop entitled "Varroa and viruses" organized in Magglingen near Biel, Switzerland from 1 to 4 November 2010. Financial support for the workshop was granted by the European Cooperation in Science and Technology Programme (COST) via the Action FA0803 COLOSS (prevention of honey bee COlony LOSSes). NR 62 TC 37 Z9 43 U1 11 U2 103 PU INT BEE RESEARCH ASSOC PI CARDIFF PA 16 NORTH RD, CARDIFF CF10 3DY, WALES SN 0021-8839 J9 J APICULT RES JI J. Apic. Res. PY 2012 VL 51 IS 1 BP 125 EP 132 DI 10.3896/IBRA.1.51.1.15 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 888HY UT WOS:000299995700014 ER PT J AU Munday, M Rinderer, TE Rueppell, O AF Munday, Michael Rinderer, Thomas E. Rueppell, Olav TI Ovariole number and ovary activation of Russian honeybee workers (Apis mellifera L.) SO JOURNAL OF APICULTURAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Social evolution; ovary size; worker reproduction; caste divergence; ovarioles C1 [Munday, Michael; Rueppell, Olav] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol, Greensboro, NC 27403 USA. [Rinderer, Thomas E.] USDA ARS, Honey Bee Breeding Genet & Physiol Res Lab, Baton Rouge, LA 70820 USA. RP Rueppell, O (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol, 312 Eberhart Bldg, Greensboro, NC 27403 USA. EM olav_ruepell@uncg.edu RI Rueppell, Olav/G-2679-2010 OI Rueppell, Olav/0000-0001-5370-4229 FU UNCG; National Science Foundation [0615502, 0926288]; USDA-NIFA [2010-65104 -20533] FX We thank Robin Cargel for her excellent practical help in setting up the experiment. This work was supported financially byUNCG in the form of a travel award to MM, and grants by the National Science Foundation (#0615502 and #0926288) and USDA-NIFA (#2010-65104 -20533). NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT BEE RESEARCH ASSOC PI CARDIFF PA 16 NORTH RD, CARDIFF CF10 3DY, WALES SN 0021-8839 J9 J APICULT RES JI J. Apic. Res. PY 2012 VL 51 IS 1 BP 147 EP 149 DI 10.3896/IBRA.1.51.1.21 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 888HY UT WOS:000299995700020 ER PT J AU Li, SF Song, LY Yin, WB Chen, YH Chen, L Li, JL Wang, RRC Hu, ZM AF Li, Shu-Fen Song, Li-Ying Yin, Wei-Bo Chen, Yu-Hong Chen, Liang Li, Ji-Lin Wang, Richard R. -C. Hu, Zan-Min TI Isolation and Functional Characterisation of the Genes Encoding Delta(8)-Sphingolipid Desaturase from Brassica rapa SO JOURNAL OF GENETICS AND GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Delta(8)-Sphingolipid desaturase; Biochemical functional diversity; Brassica rapa; Expression pattern; Long-chain base (LCB) ID CELL-SUSPENSION CULTURES; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; SPHINGOLIPID DESATURASE; HIGHER-PLANTS; SERINE PALMITOYLTRANSFERASE; COMPARATIVE MAP; IDENTIFICATION; OLERACEA; GENOME; BIOSYNTHESIS AB Delta(8)-Sphingolipid desaturase is the key enzyme that catalyses desaturation at the C8 position of the long-chain base of sphingolipids in higher plants. There have been no previous studies on the genes encoding Delta(8)-sphingolipid desaturases in Brassica rapa. In this study, four genes encoding Delta(8)-sphingolipid desaturases from B. rapa were isolated and characterised. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that these genes could be divided into two groups: BrD8A, BrD8C and BrD8D in group I, and BrD8B in group II. The two groups of genes diverged before the separation of Arabidopsis and Brassica. Though the four genes shared a high sequence similarity, and their coding desaturases all located in endoplasmic reticulum, they exhibited distinct expression patterns. Heterologous expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae revealed that BrD8A/B/C/D were functionally diverse Delta(8)-sphingolipid desaturases that catalyse different ratios of the two products 8(Z)- and 8(E)-C18-phytosphingenine. The aluminium tolerance of transgenic yeasts expressing BrD8A/B/C/D was enhanced compared with that of control cells. Expression of BrD8A in Arabidopsis changed the ratio of 8(Z):8(E)-C18-phytosphingenine in transgenic plants. The information reported here provides new insights into the biochemical functional diversity and evolutionary relationship of Delta(8)-sphingolipid desaturase in plants and lays a foundation for further investigation of the mechanism of 8(Z)- and 8(E)-C18-phytosphingenine biosynthesis. C1 [Li, Shu-Fen; Song, Li-Ying; Yin, Wei-Bo; Chen, Yu-Hong; Chen, Liang; Hu, Zan-Min] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Genet & Dev Biol, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Li, Shu-Fen] Chinese Acad Sci, Grad Univ, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Chen, Liang; Li, Ji-Lin] Harbin Normal Univ, Biol Coll, Harbin 150080, Peoples R China. [Wang, Richard R. -C.] Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, FRRL, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Hu, ZM (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Genet & Dev Biol, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. EM zmhu@genetics.ac.cn FU Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2006AA10A113]; Ministry of Agriculture of China for Transgenic Research [2009ZX08009-098B, 2008ZX08009-003] FX This work was supported by the National High-tech R&D Program (863 Program, No. 2006AA10A113) of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China and the projects of Ministry of Agriculture of China for Transgenic Research (Nos. 2009ZX08009-098B and 2008ZX08009-003). NR 50 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 12 PU SCIENCE PRESS PI BEIJING PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1673-8527 J9 J GENET GENOMICS JI J. Genet. Genomics PD JAN PY 2012 VL 39 IS 1 BP 47 EP 59 DI 10.1016/j.jgg.2011.12.002 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 887SV UT WOS:000299951000007 PM 22293117 ER PT J AU Josefsson, T Sutherland, EK Arno, SF Ostlund, L AF Josefsson, Torbjorn Sutherland, Elaine Kennedy Arno, Stephen F. Ostlund, Lars TI Ancient Bark-peeled Trees in the Bitterroot Mountains, Montana: Legacies of Native Land Use and Implications for Their Protection SO NATURAL AREAS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE bark-peeling; Culturally Modified Trees; forest history; native people; Pinus ponderosa ID CULTURALLY MODIFIED TREES; GROWTH PONDEROSA PINE; FOREST MANAGEMENT; BOREAL SWEDEN; INNER BARK; AGE; FIRE; FOOD; RESTORATION; PERSPECTIVE AB Culturally modified trees (CMTs) are trees with scars that reflect human utilization of forested ecosystems. Some CMTs can reveal unique knowledge of native cultures and insight to peoples' subsistence and land use in the past, and are mostly to be found in protected areas since they contain very old trees. In this study, we examine attributes and the spatial and temporal distribution of bark-peeled trees, and present forest structure in two remnant ponderosa pine forests (Pinus ponderosa P. & C. Lawson) in western Montana. We also wanted to use an alternative method of dating CMTs and initiate a broader discussion of threats to such trees and needs for sustaining and protecting them. In total, 343 bark-peelings were recorded on 274 living and dead trees. Our results show that only certain trees were selected for harvest. Nearby trees of similar size and age were not used. The age estimation indicates that the bark-peelings were performed from the mid 1600s until the early 1900s. Today the forest at both study areas is generally low in density and all-aged with very old individual trees. They consist of a mosaic of uneven-aged tree groups and individual trees of various ages. We conclude that the abundance and density of bark-peeled trees at the study areas exceed values reported in most other North American studies (formally protected forests included), that the two areas represent different harvest areas for ponderosa pine inner bark, and that CMTs need to be recognized both as ecologically and culturally valuable features of old ponderosa pine forests. C1 [Josefsson, Torbjorn] Umea Univ, Landscape Ecol Grp, Dept Ecol & Environm Sci, SE-90187 Umea, Sweden. [Sutherland, Elaine Kennedy] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. [Arno, Stephen F.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Florence, MT 59833 USA. [Ostlund, Lars] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Forest Ecol & Management, S-90183 Umea, Sweden. RP Josefsson, T (reprint author), Umea Univ, Landscape Ecol Grp, Dept Ecol & Environm Sci, SE-90187 Umea, Sweden. EM torbjorn.josefsson@emg.umu.se FU FORMAS; U.S. Forest Service; Rocky Mountain Research Station's Bitterroot Ecosystem Management Research Project FX We are grateful to Mary Williams who played an important role in the project (e.g. as the liaison between researchers and the Tribal Council), Alex Leone for dendrochronological analysis, David Wright, James Riser, Kali Pennick, Matthew Burbank, and Josh Farella for assistance in the field and lab, Andreas Karlsson Tiselius and Sofi Lundback for technical assistance, and David M. Campbell and personnel at the West Fork Ranger Station for introducing us to the study areas and providing accommodation during field work. We would also like to thank Terry Peterson and Spanky for generosity and endorsement. This study was financially supported by FORMAS and the U.S. Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station's Bitterroot Ecosystem Management Research Project. NR 66 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 11 PU NATURAL AREAS ASSOC PI ROCKFORD PA 320 SOUTH THIRD ST, ROCKFORD, IL 61104 USA SN 0885-8608 EI 2162-4399 J9 NAT AREA J JI Nat. Areas J. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 32 IS 1 BP 54 EP 64 PG 11 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA 889LT UT WOS:000300075900007 ER PT J AU Russart, B AF Russart, Brian TI The Next Generation of Natural Areas Managers SO NATURAL AREAS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE field experience; mentoring; Milwaukee County Wisconsin; next generation; urban natural areas AB The Milwaukee County Parks/University of Wisconsin Extension's Natural Areas Program, located in Milwaukee County, Wisconsin, undertakes all the standard natural resource management activities. However, it places special emphasis on developing future natural resource managers. In this paper, I discuss the process the program undertakes to create well-rounded young professionals in a complicated urban natural areas management setting. C1 [Russart, Brian] Milwaukee Cty Dept Pk Recreat & Culture, Milwaukee, WI USA. [Russart, Brian] Univ Wisconsin, Sheboygan, WI USA. [Russart, Brian] USDA, Farm Bill Conservat Programs, Washington, DC USA. RP Russart, B (reprint author), 9480 Watertown Plank Rd, Wauwatosa, WI 53266 USA. EM brian.russart@milwenty.com NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATURAL AREAS ASSOC PI ROCKFORD PA 320 SOUTH THIRD ST, ROCKFORD, IL 61104 USA SN 0885-8608 J9 NAT AREA J JI Nat. Areas J. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 32 IS 1 BP 106 EP 109 PG 4 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA 889LT UT WOS:000300075900012 ER PT J AU Ikeda, H Nishikawa, M Sota, T AF Ikeda, Hiroshi Nishikawa, Masaaki Sota, Teiji TI Loss of flight promotes beetle diversification SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID COLEOPTERA SILPHIDAE; MOLECULAR EVOLUTION; DISPERSAL ABILITY; GENETIC-STRUCTURE; DIVERGENCE TIMES; ABSOLUTE RATES; INSECTS; SPECIATION; HABITAT; HISTORY AB The evolution of flight is a key innovation that may enable the extreme diversification of insects. Nonetheless, many species-rich, winged insect groups contain flightless lineages. The loss of flight may promote allopatric differentiation due to limited dispersal power and may result in a high speciation rate in the flightless lineage. Here we show that loss of flight accelerates allopatric speciation using carrion beetles (Coleoptera: Silphidae). We demonstrate that flightless species retain higher genetic differentiation among populations and comprise a higher number of genetically distinct lineages than flight-capable species, and that the speciation rate with the flightless state is twice that with the flight-capable state. Moreover, a meta-analysis of 51 beetle species from 15 families reveals higher genetic differentiation among populations in flightless compared with flight-capable species. In beetles, which represent almost one-fourth of all described species, repeated evolution of flightlessness may have contributed to their steady diversification since the Mesozoic era. C1 [Ikeda, Hiroshi] Forestry & Forest Prod Res Inst, Dept Forest Entomol, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058687, Japan. [Ikeda, Hiroshi] USDA Forest Serv, Forestry Sci Lab, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Sota, Teiji] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Zool, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. RP Ikeda, H (reprint author), Forestry & Forest Prod Res Inst, Dept Forest Entomol, 1 Matsunosato, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058687, Japan. EM hiroshiikeda@affrc.go.jp RI Ikeda, Hiroshi/B-3940-2011 FU Global COE Program [A06]; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [23405009] FX We thank D. Roff and T. Barraclough for their comments on our manuscript. Thanks are also due K. Fukumori, T. Kagaya, K. Kubota, N. Nagata, E. Shoda-Kagaya, H. Taki, K. Togashi and T. Yamakita for their helpful comments and technical advice; E. Kawaguchi for sequencing; T. Fukuzawa, M. Genka, K. Homma, K. Iguchi, S. Inoue, R. Ishikawa, N. Iwai, S. Kakishima, Y. Kaneko, N. Kanzaki, H. Kasuga, T. Kishimoto, T. Komiya, S. Kondo, N. Kubota, K. Kurosa, H. Makihara, M. Maruyama, K. Matsumoto, M. Nagano, N. Nagata, S. Niwa, S. Nomura, Y. Okuzaki, H. Sako, K. Sasakawa, S. Shimano, S. Sugiura, G. Takaku, Y. Takami, T. Takeyama, K. Takizawa, M. Tanahashi, W. Toki, Y. Tsuchiya, K. Tsuji, S. Uchiumi, M. Ujiie, S. Yamamoto, H. Yamane, H. Yamashita and Y. Yamaura for sampling and specimens; K. Arii, K. Harusawa, S. Hori, Y. Ito, T. Kato, I. Matoba, Y. Miyamoto, T. & T. Miyata, and S. Shiyake for distribution data; and K. Arai, K. Haga, Y. Nagahata, H. Moriya, M. Ohara, H. Okawa, J. Ruzicka and N. Yasuda for providing literature on distribution data. This research was supported by the Global COE Program A06, 'Formation of a Strategic Base for Biodiversity and Evolutionary Research: from Genomics to Ecosystems' from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan and a Grant-in-Aid for scientific research from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (number 23405009). NR 50 TC 31 Z9 34 U1 3 U2 45 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2041-1723 J9 NAT COMMUN JI Nat. Commun. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 3 AR 648 DI 10.1038/ncomms1659 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 887IV UT WOS:000299921000046 PM 22337126 ER PT J AU Zeng, HW Briske-Anderson, M Wu, M Moyer, MP AF Zeng, Huawei Briske-Anderson, Mary Wu, Min Moyer, Mary P. TI Methylselenol, a Selenium Metabolite, Plays Common and Different Roles in Cancerous Colon HCT116 Cell and Noncancerous NCM460 Colon Cell Proliferation SO NUTRITION AND CANCER-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID FOCAL ADHESION KINASE; PROSTATE-CANCER; VITAMIN-E; PREVENTION; SUPPLEMENTATION; APOPTOSIS; MECHANISMS; CARCINOMA; GENES; TRIAL AB Methylselenol is hypothesized to be a critical selenium metabolite for anticancer action, and differential chemopreventive effects of methylselenol on cancerous and noncancerous cells may play an important role. In this study, the submicromolar concentrations of methylselenol were generated by incubating methionase with seleno-L methionine, and colon-cancer-derived HCT-116 cells and noncancerous colon NCM460 cells were exposed to methylselenol. Methylselenol exposure inhibited cell growth and led to an increase in G1 and G2 fractions with a concomitant drop in S-phase and an induction of apoptosis in HCT116, but to a much lesser extent in NCM460 colon cells. Similarly, the examination of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and cellular myelocytomatosis oncogene (c-Myc) signaling status revealed that methylselenol inhibited the phosphorylation of extracellular-regulated kinase1/2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and the expression of c-Myc in HCT116 cells, but also to a lesser extent in NCM460 cells. The other finding is that methylselenol inhibits sarcoma kinase phosphorylation in HCT116 cells. In contrast, methylselenol upregulated the phosphorylation of sarcoma and focal adhesion kinase survival signals in the noncancerous NCM460 cells. Collectively, methylselenol's stronger potential of inhibiting cell proliferation/survival signals in the cancerous HCT116 cells when compared with that in noncancerous NCM460 cells may partly explain the potential of methylselenol's anticancer action. C1 [Zeng, Huawei; Briske-Anderson, Mary] ARS, USDA, GFHNRC, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. [Wu, Min] Univ N Dakota, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. [Moyer, Mary P.] INCELL Corp, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Zeng, HW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, GFHNRC, POB 9034, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. EM huawei.zeng@ars.usda.gov FU USDA CRIS [5450-51000-045-00]; U.S. Department of Agriculture FX We appreciate Drs. Uthus and Zhao for their critical review and are grateful to James H. Botnen, Karen Lone Fight, Brenda Skinner, and LuAnn Johnson for the technical support. This study was funded by USDA CRIS project (5450-51000-045-00).; The U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Northern Plains Area, is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer and all agency services are available without discrimination. Mention of a trademark or proprietary product does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the U.S. Department of Agriculture and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that may also be suitable. The authors had no conflict of interest, and the work was supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 40 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 4 U2 11 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC-TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0163-5581 J9 NUTR CANCER JI Nutr. Cancer PD JAN PY 2012 VL 64 IS 1 BP 128 EP 135 DI 10.1080/01635581.2012.630555 PG 8 WC Oncology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Oncology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 888WA UT WOS:000300034100015 PM 22171558 ER PT J AU Dubey, JP Ferreira, LR Martins, J McLeod, R AF Dubey, J. P. Ferreira, L. R. Martins, J. McLeod, Rima TI Oral oocyst-induced mouse model of toxoplasmosis: effect of infection with Toxoplasma gondii strains of different genotypes, dose, and mouse strains (transgenic, out-bred, in-bred) on pathogenesis and mortality SO PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Toxoplasma gondii; oocysts; different genotypes; pathogenicity; mouse strains; interferon gamma knockout mice; HLA transgenic mice ID INDUCED MURINE TOXOPLASMOSIS; CONGENITAL TOXOPLASMOSIS; GENETIC-CHARACTERIZATION; INTRACELLULAR PARASITE; PERORAL INFECTION; STAGE CONVERSION; CYST FORMATION; EARLY SURVIVAL; C57BL/6 MICE; CATS AB Humans and other hosts acquire Toxoplasma gondii infection by ingesting tissue cysts in undercooked meat, or by food or drink contaminated with oocysts. Currently, there is no vaccine to prevent clinical disease clue this parasite in humans, although, various T. gondii vaccine candidates are being developed. Mice are generally used to test the protective efficacy of vaccines because they are susceptible, reagents are available to measure immune parameters in mice, and they are easily managed in the laboratory. In the present study, pathogenesis of toxoplasmosis was studied in mice of different strains, including Human Leukocyte Antigen (H LA) transgenic mice infected with different doses of T. gondii strains of different genotypes derived from several countries. Based on many experiments, the decreasing order of infectivity and pathogenicity of oocysts was: C57BL/6 background interferon gamma gene knock out (KO), HLA-A*1101, HLA-A*0201, HLA-B*0702, Swiss Webster, C57/black, and BALB/c. Mice fed as few as 1 oocyst of Type I and several atypical strains died of acute toxoplasmosis within 21 days p.i. Some Type II, and III strains were less virulent. The model developed herein should prove to be extremely useful for testing vaccines because it is possible to accurately quantitate a challenge inoculum, test the response to different strains of T. gondii using the same preparations of oocysts which are stable for up to a year, and to have highly reproducible responses to the infection. C1 [Dubey, J. P.; Ferreira, L. R.; Martins, J.] ARS, USDA, ANRI, APDL,BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [McLeod, Rima] Univ Chicago, Sch Med, Dept Ophthalmol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, ANRI, APDL,BARC E, Bldg 1001, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov FU NIAID [U01AI077887]; Rooney-Alden Family; Dominique Cornwell and Mann Family Foundation FX This work was supported by NIAID U01AI077887 (RM, JPD), the Rooney-Alden Family, and the Dominique Cornwell and Mann Family Foundation. We would like to thank Dr. Kamal El Bissati for illustrations. NR 60 TC 21 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 11 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0031-1820 J9 PARASITOLOGY JI Parasitology PD JAN PY 2012 VL 139 IS 1 BP 1 EP 13 DI 10.1017/S0031182011001673 PG 13 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 882RF UT WOS:000299580900001 PM 22078010 ER PT J AU Pelletier, MG Karthikeyan, S Green, TR Schwartz, RC Wanjura, JD Holt, GA AF Pelletier, Mathew G. Karthikeyan, Sundar Green, Timothy R. Schwartz, Robert C. Wanjura, John D. Holt, Greg A. TI Soil Moisture Sensing via Swept Frequency Based Microwave Sensors SO SENSORS LA English DT Article DE TDR; cotton moisture; moisture sensing; permittivity; microwave sensing; microwave moisture; saline; salinity ID TIME-DOMAIN REFLECTOMETRY; DIELECTRIC PERMITTIVITY; CELL AB There is a need for low-cost, high-accuracy measurement of water content in various materials. This study assesses the performance of a new microwave swept frequency domain instrument (SFI) that has promise to provide a low-cost, high-accuracy alternative to the traditional and more expensive time domain reflectometry (TDR). The technique obtains permittivity measurements of soils in the frequency domain utilizing a through transmission configuration, transmissometry, which provides a frequency domain transmissometry measurement (FDT). The measurement is comparable to time domain transmissometry (TDT) with the added advantage of also being able to separately quantify the real and imaginary portions of the complex permittivity so that the measured bulk permittivity is more accurate that the measurement TDR provides where the apparent permittivity is impacted by the signal loss, which can be significant in heavier soils. The experimental SFI was compared with a high-end 12 GHz TDR/TDT system across a range of soils at varying soil water contents and densities. As propagation delay is the fundamental measurement of interest to the well-established TDR or TDT technique; the first set of tests utilized precision propagation delay lines to test the accuracy of the SFI instrument's ability to resolve propagation delays across the expected range of delays that a soil probe would present when subjected to the expected range of soil types and soil moisture typical to an agronomic cropping system. The results of the precision-delay line testing suggests the instrument is capable of predicting propagation delays with a RMSE of +/-105 ps across the range of delays ranging from 0 to 12,000 ps with a coefficient of determination of r(2) = 0.998. The second phase of tests noted the rich history of TDR for prediction of soil moisture and leveraged this history by utilizing TDT measured with a high-end Hewlett Packard TDR/TDT instrument to directly benchmark the SFI instrument over a range of soil types, at varying levels of moisture. This testing protocol was developed to provide the best possible comparison between SFI to TDT than would otherwise be possible by using soil moisture as the bench mark, due to variations in soil density between soil water content levels which are known to impact the calibration between TDR's estimate of soil water content from the measured propagation delay which is converted to an apparent permittivity measurement. This experimental decision, to compare propagation delay of TDT to FDT, effectively removes the errors due to variations in packing density from the evaluation and provides a direct comparison between the SFI instrument and the time domain technique of TDT. The tests utilized three soils (a sand, an Acuff loam and an Olton clay-loam) that were packed to varying bulk densities and prepared to provide a range of water contents and electrical conductivities by which to compare the performance of the SFI technology to TDT measurements of propagation delay. For each sample tested, the SFI instrument and the TDT both performed the measurements on the exact same probe, thereby both instruments were measuring the exact same soil/soil-probe response to ensure the most accurate means to compare the SFI instrument to a high-end TDT instrument. Test results provided an estimated instrumental accuracy for the SFI of +/-0.98% of full scale, RMSE basis, for the precision delay lines and +/-1.32% when the SFI was evaluated on loam and clay loam soils, in comparison to TDT as the bench-mark. Results from both experimnts provide evidence that the low-cost SFI approach is a viable alternative to conventional TDR/TDT for high accuracy applications. C1 [Pelletier, Mathew G.; Wanjura, John D.; Holt, Greg A.] USDA ARS, Cotton Prod & Proc Unit, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. [Karthikeyan, Sundar] Rain Bird Corp, San Diego, CA 92123 USA. [Green, Timothy R.] USDA ARS, Agr Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Schwartz, Robert C.] USDA ARS, Soil & Water Management Res Unit, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. RP Pelletier, MG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Cotton Prod & Proc Unit, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. EM Mathew.Pelletier@ars.usda.gov; skarthikeyan@rainbird.com; tim.green@ars.usda.gov; robert.schwartz@ars.usda.gov; john.wanjura@ars.usda.gov; greg.holt@ars.usda.gov RI Green, Timothy/E-1178-2011 NR 17 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 8 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1424-8220 J9 SENSORS-BASEL JI Sensors PD JAN PY 2012 VL 12 IS 1 BP 753 EP 767 DI 10.3390/s120100753 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 882BU UT WOS:000299537100040 PM 22368494 ER PT J AU Ottman, MJ Kimball, BA White, JW Wall, GW AF Ottman, M. J. Kimball, B. A. White, J. W. Wall, G. W. TI Wheat Growth Response to Increased Temperature from Varied Planting Dates and Supplemental Infrared Heating SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SPRING WHEAT; YIELD COMPONENTS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; REPRODUCTIVE GROWTH; PERFORMANCE; HEATER AB Possible future increases in atmospheric temperature may threaten wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production and food security. The purpose of this research is to determine the response of wheat growth to supplemental heating and to seasonal air temperature from an unusually wide range of planting dates. A field study was conducted at Maricopa, AZ, where wheat was planted from September to May over a 2-yr period for a total of 12 planting dates. Supplemental heating was provided for 6 of the 12 planting dates using infrared heaters placed above the crop which increased canopy temperature by 1.3 degrees C during the day and 2.7 degrees C during the night. Grain yield declined 42 g m(-2) (6.9%) per 1 degrees C increase in seasonal temperature above 16.3 degrees C. Supplemental heating had no effect on grain yield for plantings in winter (Dec./Jan.) since temperatures were near optimum (14.9 degrees C). However, in spring (Mar.) plantings where temperature (22.2 degrees C) was above optimum, supplemental heating decreased grain yield from 510 to 368 g m(-2). Supplemental heating had the greatest effect in the early fall plantings (Sept./Oct.) when temperature was slightly below optimum (13.8 degrees C) and mid-season frost limited the yield of unheated plots to only 3 g m(-2) whereas yield of heated plots was 435 g m(-2). Thus, possible future increases in temperature may decrease wheat yield for late plantings and shift optimum planting windows to earlier dates in areas of the world similar to the desert southwest of the United States. C1 [Ottman, M. J.] Univ Arizona, Sch Plant Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Kimball, B. A.; White, J. W.; Wall, G. W.] USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. RP Ottman, MJ (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Sch Plant Sci, POB 210036, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM mottman@ag.arizona.edu FU Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture FX The technical assistance of Mary Comeau in processing the plant samples is greatly appreciated as well as the assistance provided by Charles Blackshear, Matt Conley, Steve Farnsworth, Justin Laughridge, Laura M. Olivieri, and Dr. Zahra Troeh. This research was supported by the Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 28 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 7 U2 33 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2012 VL 104 IS 1 BP 7 EP 16 DI 10.2134/agronj2011.0212 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 880LS UT WOS:000299409200002 ER PT J AU Burns, JC Fisher, DS Pond, KR AF Burns, J. C. Fisher, D. S. Pond, K. R. TI Steer Performance, Intake, Digesta Kinetics, and Pasture Productivity of Flaccidgrass at Each of Three Forage Masses SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID NUTRITIVE-VALUE; COASTAL BERMUDAGRASS; PERENNIAL GRASSES; GRAZING STEERS; TALL FESCUE; DRY-MATTER; YIELD; SWITCHGRASS; CATTLE; GROWTH AB 'Carostan' flaccidgrass (Pennisetum flaccidum Griseb.) is a perennial, warm-season grass with potential in forage systems for the mid-Atlantic region. Using established flaccidgrass pastures, we estimated steer (Bos taurus) average daily gain (ADG), stocking rate, and pasture productivity in a 4-yr experiment. Pastures were continuously and variably stocked at a forage mass (FM) of 1895 (Short), 4186 (Medium), and 5297 (Tall) kg ha(-1) (linear; P < 0.01). Steer ADG was similar among FM (mean = 0.65 kg d(-1)). The Short was stocked at 8.3 steers ha(-1) and numbers decreased linearly (P < 0.01) to 7.2 steers ha(-1) for Tall. Animal days ha(-1) decreased linearly (P < 0.01) from 963 (Short) to 756 (Tall). Weight gain ha(-1) did not vary significantly (P = 0.14). Effective feed units (kg ha(-1)) declined linearly (P = 0.02) from 3756 for the Short to 2842 for Tall. Analysis of digesta kinetics revealed no differences among FM in rate of passage, retention time of liquid or solid phases, fill, or fecal output. Diets selected by steers among FM were similar in concentration of in vitro dry matter disappearance (mean = 690 g kg(-1)); however, CP declined linearly (P = 0.03) while NDF increased (P = 0.01) with increasing FM. Steer ADG was greater (P = 0.03) in Period 1 (0.77 kg d(-1) up to early July) compared with Period 2 (0.53 kg d(-1) after early July) and attributed to greater forage quality in Period 1. Flaccidgrass is a productive, perennial forage that can provide quality pasture during the summer. C1 [Burns, J. C.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Burns, J. C.] N Carolina State Univ, Dep Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Burns, J. C.] N Carolina State Univ, Dep Anim Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Fisher, D. S.] USDA ARS, Watkinsville, GA 30677 USA. [Pond, K. R.] Texas Tech Univ, Dep Anim Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. RP Burns, JC (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM Joe_Burns@ncsu.edu NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2012 VL 104 IS 1 BP 26 EP 35 DI 10.2134/agronj2011.0256 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 880LS UT WOS:000299409200005 ER PT J AU Sanderson, MA Brink, G Ruth, L Stout, R AF Sanderson, Matt A. Brink, Geoff Ruth, Leah Stout, Robert TI Grass-Legume Mixtures Suppress Weeds during Establishment Better than Monocultures SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SPECIES EVENNESS; PASTURE COMMUNITIES; PLANT-COMMUNITIES; NUTRITIVE-VALUE; FORAGE GRASSES; INVASION; PRODUCTIVITY; BIODIVERSITY; DIVERSITY; ALFALFA AB Maintaining a diversity of plant species in pastures may reduce weed invasion. Knowledge of how the proportion of species in a mixture (i.e., species evenness) affects weed invasion would be useful in formulating seed mixtures. We hypothesized that forage mixtures with greater species evenness would reduce weed invasion at establishment better than mixtures dominated by a few species (low species evenness) or monocultures. Fifteen mixtures and monocultures of orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.), quackgrass (Elytrigia repens L.), alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), and white clover (Trifolium repens L.) were sown in autumn 2008 at four locations in Pennsylvania and Wisconsin. There were four monocultures, four mixtures dominated by one species (evenness = 0.64), six mixtures dominated by pairs of species (evenness = 0.88), and one equal mixture (evenness = 1). We measured the amount of naturally occurring weeds in harvested herbage at each location in 2009. At two locations, we added seed of plumeless thistle (Carduus acanthoides L.) and canola (Brassica nap us L.; a surrogate weed) to each treatment during autumn of 2008 and measured their establishment and dry mass during 2009. Grass legume mixtures resisted weed invasion better than monocultures. Within mixtures, however, species evenness did not influence weed invasion. Species evenness did not affect resource use (light interception or soil inorganic N levels). Individual forage species had a strong effect because weed proportions decreased curvilinearly as orchardgrass proportion of the seed mixture increased. Selecting appropriate species to use in mixtures is more important than the evenness of the species in the mixture. C1 [Sanderson, Matt A.] USDA ARS, No Great Plains Res Lab, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. [Ruth, Leah; Stout, Robert] USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Brink, Geoff] USDA ARS, Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI USA. RP Sanderson, MA (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Great Plains Res Lab, POB 459, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. EM Matt.Sanderson@ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 6 U2 54 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2012 VL 104 IS 1 BP 36 EP 42 DI 10.2134/agronj2011.0130 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 880LS UT WOS:000299409200006 ER PT J AU Adeli, A Tewolde, H Jenkins, JN AF Adeli, Ardeshir Tewolde, Haile Jenkins, Johnie N. TI Broiler Litter Type and Placement Effects on Corn Growth, Nitrogen Utilization, and Residual Soil Nitrate-Nitrogen in a No-Till Field SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID APPLIED POULTRY LITTER; AMMONIA VOLATILIZATION; CHEMICAL AMENDMENTS; COTTON RESPONSE; WATER-QUALITY; SURFACE; RUNOFF; MANURE; NUTRIENT; LOSSES AB Broiler litter is generally land applied by surface broadcasting, a practice that exposes litter nutrients to volatilization and surface runoff losses potentially contaminate environment. Placing litter in narrow bands below the soil surface may eliminate such losses but this practice has not been evaluated. Field experiments were conducted in 2008 and 2009 on a private farm in Caledonia, MS on a Caledonia silt loam (fine-loamy, siliceous, semiactive, thermic Typic Paleudalf) to determine the effects of broiler litter types and placements on corn (Zea mays L.) grain yield, N utilization, postharvest stalk nitrate (NO3-N) and residual soil NO3-N. Six treatments were used in a randomized complete block with four replications. Treatments were an unfertilized control, inorganic N fertilizer at the rate of 180 kg ha(-1), subsurface and surface broadcast of nonpelletized and pelletized litter at the rate of 11.2 Mg ha(-1). No differences in grain yield, total N uptake, and apparent N use efficiency were obtained between pelletized and nonpelletized litter when subsurface banded. However, for surface broadcast the values were greater for pelletized than nonpelletized litter. Nonpelletized litter applied in a subsurface band had 16% greater grain yield, 9% higher harvest index, 19% more N used and 56% greater in apparent N use efficiency compared with surface broadcast. Subsurface banding of nonpelletized broiler litter is an effective manure management strategy for corn production under no-till systems. C1 [Adeli, Ardeshir; Tewolde, Haile; Jenkins, Johnie N.] USDA ARS, Genet & Precis Agr Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Adeli, A (reprint author), USDA ARS, Genet & Precis Agr Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM ardeshir.adeli@ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2012 VL 104 IS 1 BP 43 EP 48 DI 10.2134/agronj2011.0093 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 880LS UT WOS:000299409200007 ER PT J AU Schmer, MR Vogel, KP Mitchell, RB Dien, BS Jung, HG Casler, MD AF Schmer, M. R. Vogel, K. P. Mitchell, R. B. Dien, B. S. Jung, H. G. Casler, M. D. TI Temporal and Spatial Variation in Switchgrass Biomass Composition and Theoretical Ethanol Yield SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID BIOFUELS PRODUCTION; CELLULOSIC BIOMASS; BIOENERGY CROP; GREAT-PLAINS; FUEL ETHANOL; DILUTE-ACID; CELL-WALL; MANAGEMENT; PRETREATMENT; GRASSES AB Information on temporal and spatial variation in switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) biomass composition as it affects ethanol yield (L Mg-1) at a biorefinery and ethanol production (L ha(-1)) at the field-scale has previously not been available. Switchgrass biomass samples were collected from a regional, on-farm trial and biomass composition was determined using newly developed near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) prediction equations and theoretical ethanol yield (100% conversion efficiency) was calculated. Total hexose (cell wall polysaccharides and soluble sugars) concentration ranged from 342 to 398 g kg(-1) while pentose (arabinose and xylose) concentration ranged from 216 to 245 g kg(-1) across fields. Theoretical ethanol yield varied significantly by year and field, with 5 yr means ranging from 381 to 430 L Mg-1. Total theoretical ethanol production ranged from 1749 to 3691 L ha(-1) across fields. Variability (coefficient of variation) within established switchgrass fields ranged from 1 to 4% for theoretical ethanol yield (L Mg-1) and 14 to 38% for theoretical ethanol production (L ha(-1)). Most fields showed a lack of spatial consistency across harvest years for theoretical ethanol yield or total theoretical ethanol production. Switchgrass biomass composition from farmer fields can be expected to have significant annual and field-to-field variation in a production region, and this variation will significantly affect ethanol or other liquid fuel yields per ton or hectare. Cellulosic biorefineries will need to consider this potential variation in biofuel yields when developing their business plans. C1 [Schmer, M. R.] USDA ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68586 USA. [Vogel, K. P.; Mitchell, R. B.] USDA ARS, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68586 USA. [Dien, B. S.] USDA ARS, Bioenergy Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Jung, H. G.] USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Casler, M. D.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Schmer, MR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68586 USA. EM marty.schmer@ars.usda.gov OI Dien, Bruce/0000-0003-3863-6664 NR 45 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 31 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2012 VL 104 IS 1 BP 54 EP 64 DI 10.2134/agronj2011.0195 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 880LS UT WOS:000299409200009 ER PT J AU Kimball, BA White, JW Wall, GW Ottman, MJ AF Kimball, B. A. White, J. W. Wall, G. W. Ottman, M. J. TI Infrared-Warmed and Unwarmed Wheat Vegetation Indices Coalesce Using Canopy-Temperature-Based Growing Degree Days SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SPRING WHEAT; ECOSYSTEM; MANAGEMENT; HEATER; FIELD AB To determine the likely effects of global warming on field-grown wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), a "Hot Serial Cereal" experiment was conducted-so-called "Cereal" because wheat was the crop, "Serial" because the wheat was planted about every 6 wk for 2 yr, and "Hot" because infrared heaters were deployed on six of the planting dates in a temperature free-air controlled enhancement (T-FACE) system, which warmed the canopies of the Heated plots. During the experiment, measurements of canopy reflectance were made two to five times per week from which values of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) were calculated. As expected, curves of NDVI from the Heated plots vs. time and vs. growing degree days (GDD) computed from air temperatures generally were ahead of those from Reference plots. However, when plotted against GDD computed from canopy temperatures the curves coalesced, which gives confidence that the infrared-heater treatment simulates natural warming and will produce plant responses not unlike those expected with future global warming. Biomass and grain yields were correlated with the areas under the NDVI vs. GDD curves for the air-temperature-based GDDs, but high variability prevented such a correlation to be detected using canopy-temperature-based GDD. Large differences existed between the total amounts of air or canopy temperature-based GDDs required for wheat to mature in our irrigated fields in an arid region. This implies that GDD based on air temperatures should be regarded only as a local guide to plant development rates, whereas those based on canopy temperatures would be more universal. C1 [Kimball, B. A.; White, J. W.; Wall, G. W.] USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85238 USA. [Ottman, M. J.] Univ Arizona, Plant Sci Dep, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Kimball, BA (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85238 USA. EM bruce.kimball@ars.usda.gov FU Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture FX The technical assistance of Matt Conley and Susan Fountain in collecting canopy reflectance measurements and analyzing the data is greatly appreciated, as well as the assistance provided by Charles Blackshear, Mary Comeau, Steve Farnsworth, Justin Laughridge, Laura M. Olivieri and Dr. Zahra Troeh. This research was supported by the Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. The USDA and the University of Arizona are equal opportunity providers and employers. NR 18 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 29 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2012 VL 104 IS 1 BP 114 EP 118 DI 10.2134/agronj2011.0144 PG 5 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 880LS UT WOS:000299409200015 ER PT J AU Roberts, DF Ferguson, RB Kitchen, NR Adamchuk, VI Shanahan, JF AF Roberts, Darrin F. Ferguson, Richard B. Kitchen, Newell R. Adamchuk, Viacheslav I. Shanahan, John F. TI Relationships between Soil-Based Management Zones and Canopy Sensing for Corn Nitrogen Management SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID USE EFFICIENCY; ACTIVE SENSOR; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; REMOTE ESTIMATION; CHLOROPHYLL CONTENT; TEMPORAL VARIATION; IRRIGATED MAIZE; YIELD RESPONSE; RICE SYSTEMS; RECOMMENDATIONS AB Integrating soil-based management zones (MZ) with crop-based active canopy sensors to direct spatially variable N applications has been proposed for improving N fertilizer management of corn (Zea mays L.). Analyses are needed to evaluate relationships between canopy sensing and soil-based MZ and their combined potential to improve N management. The objectives of this study were to: (i) identify soil variables related to in-season crop canopy reflectance and yield and use these variables to delineate MZ for N fertilizer management; and (ii) compare corn yield response to different N fertilizer treatments for different MZ. Eight N rates (0-274 kg N ha(-1) in 39 kg ha(-1) increments) were applied in replicated small plots across six irrigated fields in 2007 to 2008 throughout central Nebraska. Soil variables evaluated for MZ delineation included: apparent soil electrical conductivity (ECa), soil optical reflectance, and landscape topography. Crop response to N was determined via active sensor assessments of in-season canopy reflectance (chlorophyll index, CI590) and grain yield. Relationships between soil and topography data and crop performance were evaluated, with selected soil variables used to delineate two MZ within four of the six fields. Economic benefits to N application according to soil-based MZ were observed in fields with silty clay loam and silt loam soils with substantial relief and eroded slopes. Sensor-based algorithms may need to be adjusted according to MZ to account for differences in crop N response. C1 [Roberts, Darrin F.] Mississippi State Univ, Dep Plant & Soil Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Ferguson, Richard B.] Univ Nebraska, Dep Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Kitchen, Newell R.] USDA ARS, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Adamchuk, Viacheslav I.] McGill Univ, Dep Bioresource Engn, Ste Anne De Bellevue, PQ H9X 3V9, Canada. [Shanahan, John F.] Pioneer HiBred Int Inc, Johnston, IA 50131 USA. RP Roberts, DF (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dep Plant & Soil Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM droberts@pss.msscate.edu OI Shanahan, John/0000-0003-3173-4245 NR 49 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 22 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2012 VL 104 IS 1 BP 119 EP 129 DI 10.2134/agronj2011.0044 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 880LS UT WOS:000299409200016 ER PT J AU Forrestal, PJ Kratochvil, RJ Meisinger, JJ AF Forrestal, Patrick J. Kratochvil, Robert J. Meisinger, John J. TI Late-Season Corn Measurements to Assess Soil Residual Nitrate and Nitrogen Management SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CHLOROPHYLL METER; EXCESS NITROGEN; YIELD; MAIZE; FERTILIZATION; AGRICULTURE; DRAINAGE; SENSOR; TESTS; STAGE AB Evaluation of corn (Zea mays L.) N management and soil residual NO3-N late in the growing season could provide important management information for subsequent small grain crops and about potential NO3-N loss. Our objective was to evaluate the ability of several late-season corn measurements, which have been advocated to assess N management, to identify sites with elevated soil residual NO3-N. These crop-based measurements were collected at three reproductive phases and included normalized difference vegetative index (NDVI) at 10 site-years and green-leaf number and chlorophyll (SPAD) meter readings at six of these sites. The corn stalk nitrate test (CSNT) and postharvest soil residual NO3-N were measured at all sites. Four levels of N were applied, ranging from N deficient (0 or 67 kg N ha(-1)) to excessive (269 kg N ha(-1)). The CSNT was positively (p < 0.001) correlated with residual NO3-N, although residual NO3-N was not always low at CSNT values <2.0 g NO3-N kg(-1), where drought reduced production. Drought stress was a major factor influencing excess N supply and residual soil NO3-N. Canopy measurement values at growth stages R3-R4, including NDVI, which can be measured remotely, were effective indicators of drought stress. Across sites, relative canopy readings best predicted relative grain yield when collected at R3-R4, underscoring the importance of reference strips. Use of remotely measured NDVI would allow policymakers to identify drought sites in the late summer and target them for cover crop planting, thus reducing potential winter NO3-N losses in humid regions. C1 [Forrestal, Patrick J.; Kratochvil, Robert J.] Univ Maryland, Dep Plant Sci & Landscape Architecture, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Meisinger, John J.] USDA ARS, Environm Management & Byprod Utilizat Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Forrestal, PJ (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dep Plant Sci & Landscape Architecture, Room 1112 HJ Patterson Hall, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM patrickjforrestal@gmail.com FU Maryland Grain Producer Utilization Board FX The authors wish to acknowledge the Maryland Grain Producer Utilization Board for providing funding support. The authors also thank the staff of the University of Maryland Research and Education Centers for their assistance. The research reported formed part of a graduate research project and the corresponding author expresses his gratitude to Drs. J. Costa, J. Sullivan, and B. Momen who served on his graduate committee. NR 45 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2012 VL 104 IS 1 BP 148 EP 157 DI 10.2134/agronj2011.0172 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 880LS UT WOS:000299409200019 ER PT J AU Sheridan, AH Kitchen, NR Sudduth, KA Drummond, ST AF Sheridan, Alexander H. Kitchen, Newell R. Sudduth, Kenneth A. Drummond, Scott T. TI Corn Hybrid Growth Stage Influence on Crop Reflectance Sensing SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID NITROGEN STATUS; CHLOROPHYLL METER; ACTIVE SENSOR; RECOMMENDATIONS; FERTILIZATION; VARIABILITY; READINGS; LEAVES AB Active-light crop canopy sensing for corn (Zea mays L.) N fertilizer rate decisions typically include measurements of N-sufficient plants as a reference. When producers use multiple hybrids in one field, the question is raised of whether an N-sufficient reference is needed for each hybrid. The objective of this research was to assess the impact of sufficiently N-fertilized, similar-maturing corn hybrids on crop-reflectance measurements. Eleven similar-maturing hybrids were selected from three sites in 2008 and eight hybrids from two sites in 2009. When the corn was about 10 cm tall and on 3 to 5 d intervals canopy reflectance, leaf chlorophyll, and plant height measurements were obtained. Results were classed into two growth periods based on crop height: 20 to 70 cm and 71 to 120 cm. In three of the four growing periods assessed corn hybrid had no significant effect on reflectance. In 2008, reflectance for corn 71 to 120 cm tall was affected by hybrid; however the effect was minor leading to an average N rate recommendation difference of 10 kg ha(-1). More pronounced differences occurred among hybrids for leaf chlorophyll measurements, resulting in differences in N fertilizer recommendations of 55 kg ha(-1). Reflectance differences among similar maturing hybrids would have minimal impact on N fertilizer recommendations. Models were also developed to represent typical upper and lower values for various vegetative indices as a function of corn height. These models can help guard against using questionable data when assessing N-sufficient corn. C1 [Kitchen, Newell R.; Sudduth, Kenneth A.; Drummond, Scott T.] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Sheridan, Alexander H.] Univ Missouri, Dep Biol Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Kitchen, NR (reprint author), Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM KitchenN@missouri.edu FU University of Missouri Agricultural Extension Service FX We thank the University of Missouri Agricultural Extension Service Variety Trial Testing Program for cooperation in doing this research. For help with field sensing measurements and data analysis we express thanks to Matt Volkmann, Bob Mahurin, Kurt Holiman, Anna Hodge, and Eric Allphin. NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2012 VL 104 IS 1 BP 158 EP 164 DI 10.2134/agronj2011.0213 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 880LS UT WOS:000299409200020 ER PT J AU Rao, SC Northup, BK AF Rao, Srinivas C. Northup, Brian K. TI Pigeon Pea Potential for Summer Grazing in the Southern Great Plains SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID WARM-SEASON LEGUMES; FORAGE PRODUCTION; NUTRITIVE-VALUE; GRAIN AB Stocker cattle (Bos taurus) production in the southern Great Plains (SGP) faces a forage quality gap during July through September. A study was conducted in 2008 through 2010 to determine if pigeon pea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] could fill this deficit period. Six 0.41-ha experimental paddocks were randomly assigned to two pigeon pea cultivars; Georgia-2 (GA-2) and Minnesota-8 (MN-8). The paddocks were sprayed with glyphosphate annually for pre-plant weed control, and received 26 kg ha(-1) P before planting. Seeds were inoculated, planted (2-cm deep; 60-cm row spacing; 25 kg ha(-1) seeding rate) in late May to early June, and fenced enclosures (9 m(-2)) were established to measure biomass accumulation and fractions, N concentrations, and in vitro digestible dry matter (IVDDM). Crossbred stocker cattle assigned to paddocks were weighed at start of grazing, the time when cattle shifted to grazing pigeon pea (at flowering), and end of grazing periods. Average daily gains (ADG), and total gains ha(-1) were developed to identify time of grazing season (pre- and postflowering of pigeon pea) responses. The only significant effects (P < 0.05) in animal responses were time of grazing season. An average of 140 kg ha(-1) gain was recorded for 20(+/- 7)-day periods when pigeon pea was actively grazed, compared to 44 kg ha(-1) for the 14(+/- 9)-d preflowering periods. Average daily gains were 0.1(+/- 0.2) and 1.0(+/- 1) kg in the pre- and postflower periods, respectively. Results indicate the need for early-maturing pigeon pea cultivars with higher leaf/stem ratio, to provide longer grazing season and higher stocking rates. C1 [Rao, Srinivas C.; Northup, Brian K.] USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. RP Rao, SC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, 7207 W Cheyenne St, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. EM srinivassao@ars.usda.gov FU southern SARE FX This research was supported, in part, by southern SARE. The authors would like to recognize ARS technicians Delmer Shantz and Kory Bollinger for their assistance in collecting, processing, and analyzing samples. Special thanks to Dr. Phatak, University of Georgia, Tifton for providing GA-2 seed for this study. Mention of trademarks, proprietary products, or vendors does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of products by USDA and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that may be suitable. NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2012 VL 104 IS 1 BP 199 EP 203 DI 10.2134/agronj2011.0260 PG 5 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 880LS UT WOS:000299409200025 ER PT J AU Bragg, DC Stahle, DW Cerny, KC AF Bragg, Don C. Stahle, David W. Cerny, K. Chris TI Structural Attributes of Two Old-Growth Cross Timbers Stands in Western Arkansas SO AMERICAN MIDLAND NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID QUERCUS-MARILANDICA; POST OAK; PREDICTIVE MODEL; ANCIENT FORESTS; UNITED-STATES; OKLAHOMA; BIOMASS; DYNAMICS; USA; STELLATA AB Comprised of largely non-commercial, xeric, oak-dominated forests, the Cross Timbers in Arkansas have been heavily altered over the last two centuries, and thus only scattered parcels of old-growth timber remain. We inventoried and mapped two such stands on Fort Chaffee Military Training Center in Sebastian County, Arkansas. The west-facing Christmas Knob site is located on an isolated hill, while the southerly-facing Big Creek Narrows site is on a long, narrow rocky outcrop called Devil's Backbone Ridge. These sites occupied rocky, south- to southwest-facing sandstone-dominated slopes, with primarily post oak (Quercus stellata) and blackjack oak (Q. marilandica) overstories. Post oak dominated the largest size classes at both sites. Increment cores indicated that some post oaks exceeded 200 y of age, and tree-ring dating also confirmed an uneven-aged structure to these stands. Both locations had irregular reverse-J shaped diameter distributions, with gaps, deficiencies, and excesses in larger size classes that often typify old-growth stands. On average, the post oaks at the Big Creek Narrows site were taller, larger in girth, and younger than those on the Christmas Knob site, suggestive of a better quality site at Big Creek. The application of neighborhood density functions on stem maps of both sites found random patterns in tree locations. These stands are very similar in their structure to old-growth examples in other parts of the Cross Timbers ecoregion. C1 [Bragg, Don C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Monticello, AR 71656 USA. [Stahle, David W.; Cerny, K. Chris] Univ Arkansas, Dept Geosci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Bragg, DC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Monticello, AR 71656 USA. EM dbragg@fs.fed.us NR 50 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 23 PU AMER MIDLAND NATURALIST PI NOTRE DAME PA UNIV NOTRE DAME, BOX 369, ROOM 295 GLSC, NOTRE DAME, IN 46556 USA SN 0003-0031 J9 AM MIDL NAT JI Am. Midl. Nat. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 167 IS 1 BP 40 EP 55 PG 16 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 879TP UT WOS:000299355400004 ER PT J AU Milkova, V Kamburova, K Cameron, R Radeva, T AF Milkova, Viktoria Kamburova, Kamelia Cameron, Randall Radeva, Tsetska TI Complexation of Ferric Oxide Particles with Pectins of Ordered and Random Distribution of Charged Units SO BIOMACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID CALCIUM-BINDING PROPERTIES; MONO-VALENT COUNTERIONS; DIVALENT COUNTERIONS; POLYELECTROLYTE SOLUTIONS; MODEL HOMOGALACTURONAN; COLLOIDAL PARTICLES; LIMITING-LAWS; APPLE PECTIN; ION ACTIVITY; ADSORPTION AB Complexation between ferric oxide particles and pectins with degree of methylation 50% but having ordered or random arrangement of free carboxyl groups is investigated by electric light scattering and electrophoresis. The influence of charge distribution in pectin chain on the electrical properties of oppositely charged oxide particles and stability of their suspensions is examined as a function of pectin concentration. Although the difference in charge density of pectin samples is similar to 5%, we found small but measurable difference in the behavior of both oxide/pectin complexes. This is attributed to condensation of counterions near the chains of pectin with ordered distribution of charges, leading to a decrease in the effective charge density and to a corresponding decrease in the contour length of the adsorbing pectin chains. Two parameters are sensitive to the conformation of the adsorbed chains in suspensions, stabilized by pectin adsorption (at particle charge reversal). The electro-optical effect is higher for the complex with less charged pectin, which is explained with larger amount of chains, adsorbed in more coiled conformation than the chains of pectin with random distribution of free carboxyl groups. The addition of small amounts of CaCl2 has no significant influence on the thickness of the layer from the less charged pectin, in agreement with a more compact conformation of the chains in this adsorbed layer. In contrast, the thickness of the layer from pectin with random distribution of charged groups decreases with increasing concentration of CaCl2, indicating a more loose structure of this layer. C1 [Milkova, Viktoria; Kamburova, Kamelia; Radeva, Tsetska] Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Phys Chem, BU-1113 Sofia, Bulgaria. [Cameron, Randall] ARS, USDA, Citrus & Subtrop Prod Lab, Winter Haven, FL USA. RP Radeva, T (reprint author), Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Phys Chem, BU-1113 Sofia, Bulgaria. EM radeva@ipc.bas.bg RI Radeva, Tsetska/M-1597-2016 NR 65 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1525-7797 J9 BIOMACROMOLECULES JI Biomacromolecules PD JAN PY 2012 VL 13 IS 1 BP 138 EP 145 DI 10.1021/bm201374p PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Organic; Polymer Science SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Polymer Science GA 873QE UT WOS:000298897300016 PM 22114903 ER PT J AU Rinella, DJ Wipfli, MS Stricker, CA Heintz, RA Rinella, MJ AF Rinella, Daniel J. Wipfli, Mark S. Stricker, Craig A. Heintz, Ron A. Rinella, Matthew J. TI Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) runs and consumer fitness: growth and energy storage in stream-dwelling salmonids increase with salmon spawner density SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID JUVENILE COHO SALMON; STABLE-ISOTOPE RATIOS; FRESH-WATER; FOOD WEBS; SOCKEYE-SALMON; SOUTHEASTERN ALASKA; RESIDENT SALMONIDS; MARINE SUBSIDIES; NUCLEIC-ACIDS; KISUTCH AB We examined how marine-derived nutrients (MDN), in the form of spawning Pacific salmon, influenced the nutritional status and delta N-15 of stream-dwelling fishes. We sampled juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and Dolly Varden (Salvelinus malma) during spring and fall from 11 south-central Alaskan streams that ranged widely in spawning salmon biomass (0.1-4.7 kg.m(-2)). Growth rate (as indexed by RNA-DNA ratios), energy density, and delta N-15 enrichment in spring-sampled fishes increased with spawner biomass, indicating the persistence of spawner effects more than 6 months after salmon spawning. Point estimates suggest that spawner effects on nutrition were substantially greater for coho salmon than Dolly Varden (268% and 175% greater for growth and energy, respectively), indicating that both species benefitted physiologically, but that juvenile coho salmon accrued more benefits than Dolly Varden. Although the data were less conclusive for fall-than spring-sampled fish, they do suggest spawner effects were also generally positive during fall, soon after salmon spawned. In a follow-up analysis where growth rate and energy density were modeled as a function of delta N-15 enrichment, results suggested that both increased with MDN assimilation, especially in juvenile coho salmon. Our results support the importance of salmon runs to the nutritional ecology of stream-dwelling fishes. C1 [Rinella, Daniel J.] Univ Alaska Anchorage, Alaska Nat Heritage Program, Environm & Nat Resources Inst, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Rinella, Daniel J.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Wipfli, Mark S.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Stricker, Craig A.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Heintz, Ron A.] Auke Bay Labs, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Juneau, AK 99801 USA. [Rinella, Matthew J.] ARS, USDA, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. RP Rinella, DJ (reprint author), Univ Alaska Anchorage, Alaska Nat Heritage Program, Environm & Nat Resources Inst, 3211 Providence Dr,Beatrice McDonald Hall, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. EM rinella@uaa.alaska.edu FU Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustees Council; University of Alaska Anchorage's Environment and Natural Resources Institute FX Thanks go to the Gulf Ecosystem Monitoring program (Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustees Council) for funding this project. Coowe Walker, Steve Baird, and Megan Murphy with the Kachemak Bay Research Reserve gave invaluable help in the field. Thanks also go to Ted Otis, David Westerman, Mike Booz, and Jeff Breakfield for help with Alaska Department of Fish and Game spawner counts and to Cayce Gulbransen for performing the isotope analyses. Advice from Hal Geiger and two anonymous reviewers greatly improved the manuscript. The US Forest Service Forest Health and the Kachemak Bay Research Reserve provided laboratory and bunkhouse space in Cooper Landing and Homer, respectively. Finally, thanks are extended to the University of Alaska Anchorage's Environment and Natural Resources Institute for supplemental funding during analysis and writing. The use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 64 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 32 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0706-652X EI 1205-7533 J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 69 IS 1 BP 73 EP 84 DI 10.1139/F2011-133 PG 12 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 885PE UT WOS:000299790400006 ER PT J AU Olson, MG Wagner, RG Brissette, JC AF Olson, Matthew G. Wagner, Robert G. Brissette, John C. TI Forty years of spruce-fir stand development following herbicide application and precommercial thinning in central Maine, USA SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID VEGETATION MANAGEMENT; NEW-BRUNSWICK; RED SPRUCE; BALSAM FIR; GROWTH; DIVERSITY; FOREST; YIELD AB We examined the development of a 33-year experiment in spruce-fir stands that received nine herbicide treatments (applied aerially in 1977), with and without precommercial thinning (PCT) (applied in 1986). We tested two commonly held assumptions about the long-term effects of herbicide and PCT in mixedwood stands managed for softwoods: (i) herbicide release produces stands dominated by softwoods and (ii) PCT promotes both softwood dominance and merchantable volume. All herbicides were effective at releasing balsam fir (Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.) and spruce (Picea spp.) from overtopping shrubs and hardwoods that had naturally regenerated following clearcut harvesting in 1970. Glyphosate (Roundup), triclopyr amine (Garlon 3A), 2,4,5-T, and a mixture of 2,4,5-T and 2,4-D herbicide treatments were all effective at shifting long-term species composition to softwood dominance after 30 years, irrespective of the rates applied. Herbicide-treated stands that did not receive PCT were overstocked with softwoods for at least 24 years and produced less than half of the merchantable softwood volume by 40 years than herbicide-treated stands that received PCT. Intolerant hardwoods dominated untreated stands for all 33 years of the experiment. When unsprayed plots received PCT, however, they produced stands at 40 years that were compositionally and structurally indistinguishable from those that had received both herbicide and PCT treatments. Results from this experiment clearly demonstrated that early herbicide application, regardless of type and rate of herbicide, created softwood-dominated mixedwood stands over the long term and that PCT more than doubled merchantable softwood volume within 25 years of application. C1 [Olson, Matthew G.; Wagner, Robert G.] Univ Maine, Sch Forest Resources, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Brissette, John C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Olson, MG (reprint author), Univ Maine, Sch Forest Resources, Nutting Hall, Orono, ME 04469 USA. EM matthew.g.olson77@gmail.com FU US Forest Service Northern Research Station; University of Maine's Cooperative Forestry Research Unit; Maine Agricultural and Forestry Research Station at the University of Maine [MAFES 3226] FX We thank the US Forest Service Northern Research Station and University of Maine's Cooperative Forestry Research Unit for funding this project. We also thank Drs. Maxwell McCormack and Michael Newton for data from early measurements of the Austin Pond Study as well as their efforts to maintain this long-term experiment. Finally, we thank Dr. Aaron Weiskittel for his guidance with statistical modeling. This work was supported by the Maine Agricultural and Forestry Research Station at the University of Maine (MAFES 3226). NR 32 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 12 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 42 IS 1 BP 1 EP 11 DI 10.1139/X11-132 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 885PH UT WOS:000299790800001 ER PT J AU Schoettle, AW Goodrich, BA Hipkins, V Richards, C Kray, J AF Schoettle, Anna W. Goodrich, Betsy A. Hipkins, Valerie Richards, Christopher Kray, Julie TI Geographic patterns of genetic variation and population structure in Pinus aristata, Rocky Mountain bristlecone pine SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; BLISTER RUST; LIMBER PINE; HISTORY; DIFFERENTIATION; DIVERSITY; CONSERVATION; VARIABILITY; INFERENCE; FLEXILIS AB Pinus aristata Engelm., Rocky Mountain bristlecone pine, has a narrow core geographic and elevational distribution, occurs in disjunct populations, and is threatened by rapid climate change, white pine blister rust, and bark beetles. Knowledge of genetic diversity and population structure will help guide gene conservation strategies for this species. Sixteen sites across four mountain ranges in the core distribution of P. aristata were sampled and genetic diversity was assessed with 21 isozyme loci. Low species and population level genetic diversity (H-e = 0.070 and 0.062, respectively) occurred with moderate among-population differentiation (F-ST = 0.131). Genetic diversity correlated with longitude, latitude, and elevation and a strong mountain island effect may contribute to substructuring and isolation. Using multiple complementary analyses, sampled trees were assigned to three genetic lineages that varied in diversity and admixture and were associated with different climatic factors. The distribution of genetic diversity and substructuring of P. aristata may be an outcome of a combination of restricted gene flow due to geographic and phenological isolation, random processes of genetic drift, life history traits, natural selection, and postglacial migrations. The combination of low genetic diversity, moderate population isolation, and a protracted regeneration dynamic puts populations at risk for extirpation by novel stresses. C1 [Schoettle, Anna W.; Goodrich, Betsy A.; Kray, Julie] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Hipkins, Valerie] US Forest Serv, USDA, Natl Forest Gel Electrophoresis Lab, Placerville, CA 95667 USA. [Richards, Christopher] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Schoettle, AW (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 240 W Prospect Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM aschoettle@fs.fed.us RI Richards, Christopher/A-8328-2013 OI Richards, Christopher/0000-0002-9978-6079 FU USDA Forest Service FX We would like to thank Bob Westfall for assistance with the initial statistical analyses at NFGEL, Mary Frances Mahalovich and Andy Bower for advice on sampling, Sarah Schmeer for excellent field assistance, the laboratory staff at NFGEL for isozyme analyses, and the thoughtful comments of the Associate Editor and two anonymous reviewers. This research was funded, in part, by a grant from the USDA Forest Service National Fire Plan program to A. W. Schoettle. NR 53 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 29 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 42 IS 1 BP 23 EP 37 DI 10.1139/X11-152 PG 15 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 885PH UT WOS:000299790800003 ER PT J AU Heyerdahl, EK Lertzman, K Wong, CM AF Heyerdahl, Emily K. Lertzman, Ken Wong, Carmen M. TI Mixed-severity fire regimes in dry forests of southern interior British Columbia, Canada SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID COLORADO-FRONT-RANGE; UPPER MONTANE FORESTS; LONG-TERM; HISTORY; USA; LANDSCAPE; PINE; DISTURBANCE; WASHINGTON; MOUNTAINS AB Historical fire severity is poorly characterized for dry forests in the interior west of North America. We inferred a multicentury history of fire severity from tree rings in Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca (Beissn.) Franco) - ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex P. Lawson & C. Lawson) forests in the southern interior of British Columbia, Canada. In 2 ha plots distributed systematically over 1105 ha, we determined the dates of fire scars, indicators of low-severity fire, from 125 trees and inferred dates of even-aged cohorts, potential indicators of high-severity fire, from establishment dates of 1270 trees. Most (76%) of the 41 plots contained fire-scarred trees with a mean plot-composite fire scar interval of 21 years (1700-1900). Most (76%) also contained one or two cohorts. At the plot scale, we inferred that the fire regime at most plots was of mixed severity through time (66%) and at the remaining plots of low (20%), high (10%), or unknown (4%) severity through time. We suggest that across our study area, the fire regime was mixed severity over the past several centuries, with low-severity fires most common and often extensive but small, high-severity disturbances also occasionally occurred. Our results present strong evidence for the importance of mixed-severity fire regimes in which low-severity fires dominate in interior Douglas-fir - ponderosa pine forests in western Canada. C1 [Heyerdahl, Emily K.; Lertzman, Ken; Wong, Carmen M.] Simon Fraser Univ, Sch Resource & Environm Management, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. RP Heyerdahl, EK (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Fire Sci Lab, 5775 US W Highway 10, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. EM eheyerdahl@fs.fed.us FU Forest-Renewal BC; Simon Fraser University; USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station FX We thank T. Bird, B. Brett, K. Chapman, M. Clarke, S. Cote, C. Ferris, D. Hopwood, J. Hughes, K. and S. Karpuk, Z. Kroeker, R. Pilkington, E. Ruffa, and T. Wolfe for help with field sampling and sample preparation. We thank G. Jordan for cartography. We thank Arc'Teryx Equipment Inc. for donating field packs. We thank L. S. Baggett for statistical review. We thank P. Brown and two anonymous reviewers for comments on the manuscript. This work was funded by Forest-Renewal BC, Simon Fraser University, and the USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station. NR 48 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 3 U2 32 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 EI 1208-6037 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 42 IS 1 BP 88 EP 98 DI 10.1139/X11-160 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 885PH UT WOS:000299790800009 ER PT J AU Landguth, EL Hand, BK Glassy, J Cushman, SA Sawaya, MA AF Landguth, E. L. Hand, B. K. Glassy, J. Cushman, S. A. Sawaya, M. A. TI UNICOR: a species connectivity and corridor network simulator SO ECOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; GENE FLOW; LANDSCAPE CONNECTIVITY; COMPLEX LANDSCAPES; UNITED-STATES; CONSERVATION; POPULATIONS; COLLISIONS; MODELS AB We introduce UNIversal CORridor network simulator (UNICOR), a species connectivity and corridor identification tool. UNICOR applies Dijkstra's shortest path algorithm to individual-based simulations. Outputs can be used to designate movement corridors, identify isolated populations, and prioritize conservation plans to promote species persistence. The key features include a driver-module framework, connectivity mapping with thresholding and buffering, and calculation of graph theory metrics. Through parallel-processing, computational efficiency is greatly improved, allowing analyses of large extents and entire populations. Previously available approaches are limited by prolonged computational times and poor algorithmic efficiency, restricting problem-size and requiring artificial subsampling of populations. C1 [Landguth, E. L.; Hand, B. K.; Glassy, J.] Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Cushman, S. A.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Sawaya, M. A.] Montana State Univ, Western Transportat Inst, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. RP Landguth, EL (reprint author), Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. EM erin.landguth@mso.umt.edu FU Rocky Mountain Research Station, Forest Service, U.S. Dept of Agriculture; National Science Foundation [DGE-0504628] FX We are grateful to Ross Carlson for maintaining the website, debugging, and graphics support. We would like to thank Zack Holden, Julie Betch, and Ilona Naujokaitis-Lewis for editorial comments. We thank Whisper Camel and the Confederated Salish and Kootenay Tribes and Marcel Huijser from the Western Transportation Inst. at Montana State Univ. for providing GIS data for Highway 93. This research was supported in part by funds provided by the Rocky Mountain Research Station, Forest Service, U.S. Dept of Agriculture and by the National Science Foundation grant no. DGE-0504628. NR 37 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 29 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0906-7590 J9 ECOGRAPHY JI Ecography PD JAN PY 2012 VL 35 IS 1 BP 9 EP 14 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0587.2011.07149.x PG 6 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 873WS UT WOS:000298915300003 ER PT J AU Hu, J Yan, XH AF Hu, Jing Yan, Xianghe TI BS-KNN: An Effective Algorithm for Predicting Protein Subchloroplast Localization SO EVOLUTIONARY BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article DE subchloroplast localization; bit-score weighted K-nearest neighbor method; pseudo-amino acids; feature selection ID AMINO-ACID-COMPOSITION; CHLOROPLAST ENVELOPE; ARABIDOPSIS; DATABASE; IDENTIFICATION; GENERATION; CLASSIFIER; PROTEOMICS; SIZE AB Chloroplasts are organelles found in cells of green plants and eukaryotic algae that conduct photosynthesis. Knowing a protein's subchloroplast location provides in-depth insights about the protein's function and the microenvironment where it interacts with other molecules. In this paper, we present BS-KNN, a bit-score weighted K-nearest neighbor method for predicting proteins' subchloroplast locations. The method makes predictions based on the bit-score weighted Euclidean distance calculated from the composition of selected pseudo-amino acids. Our method achieved 76.4% overall accuracy in assigning proteins to 4 subchloroplast locations in cross-validation. When tested on an independent set that was not seen by the method during the training and feature selection, the method achieved a consistent overall accuracy of 76.0%. The method was also applied to predict subchloroplast locations of proteins in the chloroplast proteome and validated against proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana. The software and datasets of the proposed method are available at https://edisk.fandm.edu/jing.hu/bsknn/bsknn.html. C1 [Hu, Jing] Franklin & Marshall Coll, Dept Math & Comp Sci, Lancaster, PA 17604 USA. [Yan, Xianghe] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Hu, J (reprint author), Franklin & Marshall Coll, Dept Math & Comp Sci, POB 3003, Lancaster, PA 17604 USA. EM jing.hu@fandm.edu RI Hu, Jing/H-6637-2013 FU Howard Hughes Medical Institute FX The project is partially supported by the grant from Howard Hughes Medical Institute awarded to Franklin & Marshall College. NR 21 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 3 PU BIOINFORMATICS INST PI AUCKLAND PA UNIV AUCKLAND, PRIVATE BAG, AUCKLAND, 00000, NEW ZEALAND SN 1176-9343 J9 EVOL BIOINFORM JI Evol. Bioinform. PY 2012 VL 8 BP 79 EP 87 DI 10.4137/EBO.S8681 PG 9 WC Evolutionary Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Evolutionary Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 884HD UT WOS:000299694600005 PM 22267906 ER PT J AU Holden, RM Beseau, D Booth, SL Adams, MA Garland, JS Morton, RA Collier, CP Foley, RN AF Holden, Rachel M. Beseau, David Booth, Sarah L. Adams, Michael A. Garland, Jocelyn S. Morton, Ross A. Collier, Christine P. Foley, Robert N. TI FGF-23 is associated with cardiac troponin T and mortality in hemodialysis patients SO HEMODIALYSIS INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE FGF-23; hemodialysis; troponin T; mortality ID LEFT-VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY; CHRONIC-KIDNEY-DISEASE; FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR-23; STAGE RENAL-DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; PARATHYROID-HORMONE; MINERAL METABOLISM; MAINTENANCE HEMODIALYSIS; PHOSPHATE; HYPERPHOSPHATEMIA AB Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23) is elevated in patients with end-stage kidney disease and has been linked with mortality, vascular calcification, markers of bone turnover, and left ventricular hypertrophy. In this cohort study, we determined the correlates of FGF-23 (including cardiac troponin T [cTNT]) and determined its association with mortality over 3.5 years of follow-up in 103 prevalent hemodialysis patients. Mean age was 61.2 (15.5) and the mean dialysis vintage was 4.19 years (4.6). The median (interquartile range) FGF-23 was 1259 (491, 2885) RU/mL. Independent predictors (estimate standard error) of log-transformed FGF-23 concentrations included phosphorus (0.75 [0.237], P?=?0.002) and cardiac troponin T (1.04 [0.41], P?=?0.01). There were 57 deaths. In the fully adjusted model, the significant predictors of mortality included age and albumin. The independent association between FGF-23 and cTNT is a novel finding. Whether this relationship supports the possibility that a downstream effect of dysregulated phosphorous homeostasis may be enhanced cardiac remodeling requires further study. C1 [Holden, Rachel M.; Garland, Jocelyn S.; Morton, Ross A.] Queens Univ, Dept Med, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. [Beseau, David; Adams, Michael A.] Queens Univ, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. [Booth, Sarah L.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Collier, Christine P.] Queens Univ, Dept Clin Chem, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. [Foley, Robert N.] Chron Dis Res Grp, Minneapolis, MN USA. RP Holden, RM (reprint author), Queens Univ, Dept Med, 3048C Etherington Hall, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. EM holdenr@kgh.kari.net NR 27 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1492-7535 J9 HEMODIAL INT JI Hemodial. Int. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 16 IS 1 BP 53 EP 58 DI 10.1111/j.1542-4758.2011.00630.x PG 6 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 883LU UT WOS:000299636400009 PM 22099949 ER PT J AU Amundsen, K Warnke, S AF Amundsen, Keenan Warnke, Scott TI Agrostis Species Relationships Based on trnL-trnF and atpI-atpH Intergenic Spacer Regions SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE turfgrass; Agrostis; chloroplast; phylogeny ID PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; SEQUENCE DATA; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; DNA-SEQUENCES; POACEAE; CHLOROPLAST; NUCLEAR; PLANTS; EVOLUTIONARY; BENTGRASS AB The bentgrasses (Agrostis spp.) are among the most important species to the turfgrass industry. They have complex genomes resulting from polyploidization and high rates of interspecific hybridization. An understanding of species relationships would improve the efficiency of developing improved bentgrass cultivars. To elucidate the evolutionary relationships among Agrostis species, phylogenetic analyses were performed on sequences of two chloroplast-encoded intergenic spacer regions. A 298-bp region of the trnL-trnF intergenic spacer and a 451-bp region of the atpI-atpH intergenic spacer were included in the analyses. A total of 47 Agrostis accessions were included with both cultivated and unimproved material from the National Plant Germplasm System. Of these 47 Agrostis collections, there were 10 unique trnL-trnF haplotypes and eight distinct atpI-atpH haplotypes, indicating a high degree of shared sequence identity within these chloroplast intergenic regions. These findings suggest that the chloroplast genomes of A. canina and A. stolonifera are more closely related to each other than either species is to A. capillaris, incongruent with our previous understanding of genome relationships in the genus. C1 [Amundsen, Keenan] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Warnke, Scott] USDA, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Amundsen, K (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, 377H Plant Sci Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM kamundsen2@unl.edu NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JAN PY 2012 VL 47 IS 1 BP 18 EP 24 PG 7 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 883UC UT WOS:000299659400003 ER PT J AU Albano, JP Merhaut, DJ AF Albano, Joseph P. Merhaut, Donald J. TI Influence of FeEDDS, FeEDTA, FeDTPA, FeEDDHA, and FeSO4 on Marigold Growth and Nutrition, and Substrate and Runoff Chemistry SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE aminopolycarboxylic acid; bedding plant; chelate; fertilizer; floriculture; water quality ID IRON; PEAT; FERTILIZERS; AVAILABILITY; DTPA; ZN; MN; FE; CU AB The objectives of the study were to determine effects of iron (Fe) source on plant growth, plant nutrition, substrate chemistry, and runoff chemistry. Iron source (FS) treatments consisted of Fe-aminopolycarboxylic acid (APCA) complexones iron ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (FeEDTA), iron [S, S']-ethylenediaminedisuccinic acid (FeEDDS), iron diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (FeDTPA), and iron ethylenediaminedi(o-hydroxyphenylacetic) acid (FeEDDHA) and non-chelated iron sulfate (FeSO4) added to a base nutrient solution at the rate of 1 mg.L-1 Fe final concentration. Marigold (Tagetes erecta) 'First Lady' was grown in peat-based media fertilized with FS treatments over a period of 22 d. Iron source treatments were nonsignificant for foliar Fe, manganese (Mn), or zinc (Zn) averaging 162 mu g.g(-1) Fe, 228 mu g.g(-1) Mn, and 35 mu g.g(-1) Zn but were significant for foliar copper (Cu). Main effect of FS on pour-through (PT) leachate pH was statistically different but not practically significant, averaging 6.42. The FeDTPA treatment resulted in higher levels of Cu, Fe, and Zn in PT extracts. Leachate-runoff (LR) was collected and analyzed over the course of the study. Results of LR were similar to PT with levels of Cu, Fe, and Zn for the FeDTPA treatment resulting in higher concentrations of these metals. In both PT and LR, the highest concentration of Mn was associated with the FeEDTA treatment. Spectrophotometer analyses of PT and LR leachates determined the presence of all Fe chelates tested in those solutions. C1 [Albano, Joseph P.] ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Merhaut, Donald J.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. RP Albano, JP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, 2001 S Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM joseph.albano@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS [6618-13000-003-00D] FX This work is associated with USDA-ARS Research Project 6618-13000-003-00D and contributes to the USDA-ARS Floriculture and Nursery Research Initiative. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JAN PY 2012 VL 47 IS 1 BP 93 EP 97 PG 5 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 883UC UT WOS:000299659400016 ER PT J AU Hinton, JD Livingston, DP Miller, GL Peacock, CH Tuong, T AF Hinton, Jason D. Livingston, David P., III Miller, Grady L. Peacock, Charles H. Tuong, Tan TI Freeze Tolerance of Nine Zoysiagrass Cultivars Using Natural Cold Acclimation and Freeze Chambers SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Zoysia japonica; Zoysia matrella; LT50; turfgrass ID LOW-TEMPERATURE; REGISTRATION; METABOLISM; HARDINESS; GENOTYPES; PROLINE AB Winter-hardiness of zoysiagrass (Zoysia spp.) cultivars is an important attribute throughout the biogeographical transition zone; thus, the inability to withstand freezing temperatures may limit the use of these cultivars. The objective of this research was to determine the freeze tolerance (LT50) of nine zoysiagrass cultivars grown in Raleigh, NC. Four Zoysia japonica Steud. cultivars (JaMur, Palisades, Empire, and Ultimate) and five Zoysia matrella (L.) Merr. cultivars (Pristine, Zeon, Cavalier, Diamond, and Zorro) were chosen to undergo freeze testing. Cores were taken from the field in Feb. 2008, 2009, and 2010 for the winter trials and in Apr. 2008, 2009, and 2010 for the spring trials (after green-up had occurred). The cores were subjected to freeze treatments of -6,-8, 10,-12, and -14 degrees C in programmable freezers. After thawing, cores were placed in a 41/20 degrees C greenhouse to promote green-up. Cores were rated for green-up after 4 weeks on a 1 to 9 scale. Nonlinear regression analysis was used to calculate an LT50 value for each cultivar. 'JaMur', 'Palisades', 'Empire', and 'Ultimate' were no different in the winter trials with an LT50 ranging from -9.8 to 10.2 degrees C. Among the matrella species, `Zeon', 'Cavalier', and 'Zorro' were no different but 'Diamond' (LT50 of -6.0 degrees C) and 'Pristine' (LT50 of -5.7 degrees C) had less tolerance to freezing than the other matrella cultivars (LT50 range from -9.7 to 9.8), suggesting lower ability to cold-acclimate in the field than the other cultivars. Shoot weights of cores were correlated to visual green-up ratings for each cultivar with an le range from 0.70 to 0.99 indicating a good relationship between the green-up ratings and shoot weights. C1 [Hinton, Jason D.; Livingston, David P., III; Miller, Grady L.; Peacock, Charles H.; Tuong, Tan] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Livingston, David P., III; Tuong, Tan] N Carolina State Univ, USDA, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Miller, GL (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, 4123A Williams Hall,Campus Box 27695, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM grady_miller@ncsu.edu NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 15 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JAN PY 2012 VL 47 IS 1 BP 112 EP 115 PG 4 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 883UC UT WOS:000299659400019 ER PT J AU Thompson, TE Grant, LJ AF Thompson, Tommy E. Grant, L. J. TI 'Lipan' Pecan SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material DE Carya illinoinensis; cultivar; breeding; genetics C1 [Thompson, Tommy E.; Grant, L. J.] ARS, Pecan Genet & Breeding Program, USDA, Somerville, TX 77879 USA. RP Thompson, TE (reprint author), ARS, Pecan Genet & Breeding Program, USDA, 10200 FM50, Somerville, TX 77879 USA. EM tommy.thompson@ars.usda.gov NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JAN PY 2012 VL 47 IS 1 BP 121 EP 123 PG 3 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 883UC UT WOS:000299659400021 ER PT J AU Beckman, TG Chaparro, JX Sherman, WB AF Beckman, Thomas G. Chaparro, Jose X. Sherman, Wayne B. TI 'MP-29', a Clonal Interspecific Hybrid Rootstock for Peach SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material DE Prunus persica; P. umbellata; Armillaria; peach tree short life; PTSL; root-knot nematode C1 [Beckman, Thomas G.] ARS, USDA, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31088 USA. [Chaparro, Jose X.; Sherman, Wayne B.] Univ Florida, Dept Hort Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Beckman, TG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, 21 Dunbar Rd, Byron, GA 31088 USA. EM Tom.Beckman@ars.usda.gov NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JAN PY 2012 VL 47 IS 1 BP 128 EP 131 PG 4 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 883UC UT WOS:000299659400024 ER PT J AU Skinner, EM Diaz-Perez, JC Phatak, SC Schomberg, HH Vencill, W AF Skinner, Emillie M. Diaz-Perez, Juan Carlos Phatak, Sharad C. Schomberg, Harry H. Vencill, William TI Allelopathic Effects of Sunnhemp (Crotalaria juncea L.) on Germination of Vegetables and Weeds SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE sustainable agriculture; cover crop; crop residues ID AQUEOUS EXTRACTS; COVER CROPS; NITROGEN; HEMP; MANAGEMENT; PIEDMONT; GROWTH AB Sunnhemp (Crotalaria juncea L.) is a tropical legume that could be an important summer cover crop in the southeastern United States, but it has the potential for suppressing both crops and weeds. Allelopathic effects of sunnhemp on weeds, vegetable crops, and cover crops were evaluated in greenhouse and growth chamber experiments. In the greenhouse, ground dried sunnhemp residues (applied mixed with the soil at 1.6% w/w) reduced percent germination of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and smooth pigweed (Amaranthus hybridus L.) to a similar degree as that caused by cereal rye (Secale cereale L. subsp. cereale) residues (applied at 1.5% w/w). The allelopathic activity of sunnhemp was greater in the leaves than in the roots or stems. In growth chamber studies, the mean reduction in germination (relative to the control) caused by sunnhemp leaf aqueous extracts was: bell pepper (100%), tomato (100%), onion (95%), turnip (69%), okra (49%), cowpea (39%), collard (34%), cereal rye (22%), sweet corn (14%), Austrian winter pea (10%), crimson clover (8%), cucumber (2%), and winter wheat (2%). In lettuce, carrot, smooth pigweed, and annual ryegrass, sunnhemp aqueous leaf extract reduced seedling length to a degree similar as that produced by rye aqueous leaf extract. Sicklepod [Senna obtusifolia (L.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby CA] germination was not inhibited by any of the sunnhemp or rye aqueous extracts. In conclusion, sunnhemp reduced the germination percentage and seedling growth of various crop species. The allelochemical activity in sunnhemp was primarily in the leaves and remained active at least 16 d after harvest under dry conditions. Sunnhemp's allelochemical effect may be a useful attribute for weed management in sustainable production systems. However, plant growth in the field in crops such as bell pepper, tomato, onion, and turnip may be impacted as a result of allelopathic activity of sunnhemp residues. Thus, weed management may be more effective when sunnhemp is grown in rotation with crops that tolerate the allelochemicals from sunnhemp, resulting in optimization of the rotation effects. C1 [Diaz-Perez, Juan Carlos; Phatak, Sharad C.] Univ Georgia, Dept Hort, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Skinner, Emillie M.] Univ Georgia, Dept Hort, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Schomberg, Harry H.] ARS, USDA, J Phil Campbell Sr Nat Resource Conservat Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Vencill, William] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Diaz-Perez, JC (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Hort, Tifton Campus,4604 Res Way, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM jcdiaz@uga.edu RI Diaz-Perez, Juan/D-7642-2014; Vencill, William/K-7748-2015 OI Diaz-Perez, Juan/0000-0002-4474-6715; Vencill, William/0000-0001-7233-4534 NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 24 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JAN PY 2012 VL 47 IS 1 BP 138 EP 142 PG 5 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 883UC UT WOS:000299659400026 ER PT J AU Glenn, M AF Glenn, Michael TI Untitled SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Letter C1 ARS, USDA, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Glenn, M (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM michael.glenn@ars.usda.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JAN PY 2012 VL 47 IS 1 BP 154 EP 155 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 883UC UT WOS:000299659400031 ER PT J AU Cabanillas, B Pedrosa, MM Rodriguez, J Muzquiz, M Maleki, SJ Cuadrado, C Burbano, C Crespo, JF AF Cabanillas, Beatriz Pedrosa, Mercedes M. Rodriguez, Julia Muzquiz, Mercedes Maleki, Soheila J. Cuadrado, Carmen Burbano, Carmen Crespo, Jesus F. TI Influence of Enzymatic Hydrolysis on the Allergenicity of Roasted Peanut Protein Extract SO INTERNATIONAL ARCHIVES OF ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Enzymatic hydrolysis; Food allergy; Legumes; Roasted peanut ID ARA H 3; BASIC SUBUNIT; MILK; IGE; ARA-H-3; ALLERGY; LENTIL AB Background: Peanut allergy is recognized as one of the most severe food allergies. Some studies have investigated the effects of enzymatic treatments on the in vitro immunological reactivity of members of the Leguminosae family, such as the soybean, chickpea and lentil. Nevertheless, there are only a few studies carried out with sera from patients with a well-documented allergy. Methods: Roasted peanut protein extract was hydrolyzed by the sequential and individual action of 2 food-grade enzymes, an endoprotease (Alcalase) and an exoprotease (Flavourzyme). Immunoreactivity to roasted peanut extract and hydrolyzed samples was evaluated by means of IgE immunoblot, ELISA and 2-dimensional electrophoresis using sera from 5 patients with a clinical allergy to peanuts and anti-Ara h 1, anti-Ara h 2 and anti-Ara h 3 immunoblots. Results: Immunoblot and ELISA assays showed an important decrease of IgE reactivity and Ara h 1, Ara h 2 and Ara h 3 levels in the first 30 min of hydrolyzation with Alcalase. In contrast, individual treatment with Flavourzyme caused an increase in IgE reactivity detected by ELISA at 30 min and led to a 65% inhibition of IgE reactivity at the end of the assay (300 min). Ara h 1 and the basic subunit of Ara h 3 were still recognized after treatment with Flavourzyme for 300 min. Conclusion: Hydrolysis with the endoprotease Alcalase decreases IgE reactivity in the soluble protein fraction of roasted peanut better than hydrolysis with the exoprotease Flavourzyme. Copyright (C) 2011 S Karger AG, Basel C1 [Cabanillas, Beatriz; Rodriguez, Julia; Crespo, Jesus F.] Inst Invest Hosp 12 Octubre I 12, Serv Alergia, ES-28041 Madrid, Spain. [Pedrosa, Mercedes M.; Muzquiz, Mercedes; Cuadrado, Carmen; Burbano, Carmen] SGIT INIA, Dept Tecnol Alimentos, Madrid, Spain. [Maleki, Soheila J.] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. RP Cabanillas, B (reprint author), Inst Invest Hosp 12 Octubre I 12, Serv Alergia, Ave Cordoba S-N, ES-28041 Madrid, Spain. EM bcabanillas.hdoc@salud.madrid.org RI Burbano, Carmen/C-4725-2013; CUADRADO, CARMEN/C-5504-2013; Pedrosa, Mercedes/O-2353-2014; OI CUADRADO, CARMEN/0000-0003-2609-1900; Pedrosa, Mercedes/0000-0002-8313-9790; Cabanillas, Beatriz/0000-0002-5351-8140 FU FIS Madrid (Spain) [CA08/00203]; Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia, Madrid, Spain [AGL 2004-07971] FX We thank Dr. Ines Garcia-Consuegra Galiana from the Proteomic Facility of the Instituto de Investigacion Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), supported by contract FIS (CA08/00203) Madrid (Spain), for 2-dimensional analysis. We thank UCM-PCM Proteomic Facility for MALDI-TOF/TOF analysis. This study was supported by grant AGL 2004-07971 from the Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia, Madrid, Spain. NR 32 TC 14 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 26 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1018-2438 J9 INT ARCH ALLERGY IMM JI Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. PY 2012 VL 157 IS 1 BP 41 EP 50 DI 10.1159/000324681 PG 10 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 882UF UT WOS:000299588700006 PM 21912172 ER PT J AU Owens, LB Barker, DJ Loerch, SC Shipitalo, MJ Bonta, JV Sulc, RM AF Owens, L. B. Barker, D. J. Loerch, S. C. Shipitalo, M. J. Bonta, J. V. Sulc, R. M. TI Inputs and Losses by Surface Runoff and Subsurface Leaching for Pastures Managed by Continuous or Rotational Stocking SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID WATER-QUALITY; NITROGEN-FERTILIZER; AMMONIUM-NITRATE; NUTRITIVE-VALUE; PHOSPHORUS; SEDIMENT; GROUNDWATER; PERFORMANCE; PROGRAM; LEGUME AB Pasture management practices can affect forage quality and production, animal health and production, and surface and groundwater quality. In a 5-yr study conducted at the North Appalachian Experimental Watershed near Coshocton, Ohio, we compared the effects of two contrasting grazing methods on surface and subsurface water quantity and quality. Four pastures, each including a small, instrumented watershed (0.51-1.09 ha) for surface runoff measurements and a developed spring for subsurface flow collection, received 112 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1) and were grazed at similar stocking rates (1.8-1.9 cows ha(-1)). Two pastures were continuously stocked; two were subdivided so that they were grazed with frequent rotational stocking (5-6 times weekly). In the preceding 5 yr, these pastures received 112 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1) after several years of 0 N fertilizer and were grazed with weekly rotational stocking. Surface runoff losses of N were minimal. During these two periods, some years had precipitation up to 50% greater than the long-term average, which increased subsurface flow and NO3-N transport. Average annual NO3-N transported in subsurface flow from the four watersheds during the two 5-yr periods ranged from 11.3 to 22.7 kg N ha(-1), which was similar to or less than the mineral-N received in precipitation. Flow and transport variations were greater among seasons than among watersheds. Flow-weighted seasonal NO3-N concentrations in subsurface flow did not exceed 7 mg L-1. Variations in NO3-N leached from pastures were primarily due to variable precipitation rather than the effects of continuous, weekly rotational, or frequent rotational stocking practices. This suggests that there was no difference among these grazing practices in terms of NO3-N leaching. C1 [Owens, L. B.; Shipitalo, M. J.; Bonta, J. V.] USDA ARS, Coshocton, OH 43812 USA. [Barker, D. J.; Sulc, R. M.] Ohio State Univ, Dep Hort & Crop Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Loerch, S. C.] Ohio State Univ, Dep Anim Sci, OARDC, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Owens, LB (reprint author), USDA ARS, POB 488, Coshocton, OH 43812 USA. EM lloyd.owens.ars@gmail.com RI Barker, David/F-7492-2012; Sulc, Reuben/N-3710-2016; OI Sulc, Reuben/0000-0003-2616-3492; Shipitalo, Martin/0000-0003-4775-7345 FU Ohio Agric. Res. and Dev. Ctr. (OARDC); Ohio State Univ.; National Inst. for Food and Agriculture [2006-55618-17025] FX L.B. Owens, M.J. Shipitalo, and J.V. Bonta, USDA-ARS, P.O. Box 488, Coshocton, OH 43812; D.J. Barker and R. M. Sulc, The Ohio State Univ., Dep. of Horticulture and Crop Science, 2021 Coffey Rd., Columbus, OH 43210; S. C. Loerch, The Ohio State Univ., Dep. of Animal Sciences, OARDC, Wooster, OH 44691. Salary and research support provided in part by state and federal funds appropriated to the Ohio Agric. Res. and Dev. Ctr. (OARDC) and The Ohio State Univ. Partial financial support was also provided by the National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service (now National Inst. for Food and Agriculture), grant number 2006-55618-17025. Assigned to Associate Editor Jim Miller. NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 25 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 41 IS 1 BP 106 EP 113 DI 10.2134/jeq2011.0201 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 877WR UT WOS:000299213900012 PM 22218179 ER PT J AU Bolster, CH Abit, SM AF Bolster, Carl H. Abit, Sergio M. TI Biochar Pyrolyzed at Two Temperatures Affects Escherichia coli Transport through a Sandy Soil SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID SATURATED POROUS-MEDIA; NATURAL ORGANIC-MATTER; PACKED-BED COLUMN; BLACK CARBON; BACTERIAL DEPOSITION; SOLUTION CHEMISTRY; CELL PROPERTIES; SURFACE; BEHAVIOR; CHARCOAL AB The incorporation of biochar into soils has been proposed as a means to sequester carbon from the atmosphere. An added environmental benefit is that biochar has also been shown to increase soil retention of nutrients, heavy metals, and pesticides. The goal of this study was to evaluate whether biochar amendments affect the transport of Escherichia coli through a water-saturated soil. We looked at the transport of three E. coli isolates through 10-cm columns packed with a fine sandy soil amended with 2 or 10% (w/w) poultry litter biochar pyrolyzed at 350 or 700 degrees C. For all three isolates, mixing the high-temperature biochar at a rate of 2% into the soil had no impact on transport behavior. When added at a rate of 10%, a reduction of five orders of magnitude in the amount of E. coli transported through the soil was observed for two of the isolates, and a 60% reduction was observed for the third isolate. Mixing the low-temperature biochar into the soil resulted in enhanced transport through the soil for two of the isolates, whereas no significant differences in transport behavior were observed between the low-temperature and high-temperature biochar amendments for one isolate. Our results show that the addition of biochar can affect the retention and transport behavior of E. coli and that biochar application rate, biochar pyrolysis temperature, and bacterial surface characteristics were important factors determining the transport of E. coli through our test soil. C1 [Bolster, Carl H.; Abit, Sergio M.] USDA ARS, Bowling Green, KY 42104 USA. RP Bolster, CH (reprint author), USDA ARS, 230 Bennett Ln, Bowling Green, KY 42104 USA. EM carl.bolster@ars.usda.gov NR 53 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 35 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 41 IS 1 BP 124 EP 133 DI 10.2134/jeq2011.0207 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 877WR UT WOS:000299213900014 PM 22218181 ER PT J AU Shaner, D Brunk, G Nissen, S Westra, P Chen, WL AF Shaner, Dale Brunk, Galen Nissen, Scott Westra, Phil Chen, Wenlin TI Role of Soil Sorption and Microbial Degradation on Dissipation of Mesotrione in Plant-Available Soil Water SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID TIME-DEPENDENT SORPTION; GAMMA-IRRADIATION; ADSORPTION; TRANSPORT; MAIZE; BIODEGRADATION; EQUILIBRIUM; SULCOTRIONE; HERBICIDE; MODEL AB Mesotrione is a carotenoid biosynthesis-inhibiting herbicide labeled for pre-emergence and postemergence weed control in corn production. Understanding the factors that influence the dissipation of mesotrione in soil and in the plant-available water (PAW) is important for the environmental fate assessment and optimal weed management practices. The present research investigated the role of soil properties and microbial activities on the interrelated sorption and degradation processes of mesotrione in four soils by direct measurements of PAW. We found that mesotrione bound to the soils time dependently, with approximately 14 d to reach equilibrium. The 24-h batch-slurry equilibrium experiments provided the sorption partition coefficient ranging from 0.26 to 3.53 L kg(-1), depending on soil organic carbon and pH. The dissipation of mesotrione in the soil-bound phase was primarily attributed to desorption to the PAW. Degradation in the PAW was rapid and primarily dependent on microbial actions, with half-degradation time (DT50) <3 d in all four soils tested. The rapid degradation in the PAW became rate limited by sorption as more available molecules were depleted in the soil pore water, resulting in a more slowed overall process for the total soil-water system (DT50 <26 d). The dissipation of mesotrione in the PAW was due to microbial metabolism and time-dependent sorption to the soils. A coupled kinetics model calibrated with the data from the laboratory centrifugation technique provided an effective approach to investigate the interrelated processes of sorption and degradation in realistic soil moisture conditions. C1 [Chen, Wenlin] Syngenta Crop Protect LLC, Prod Safety R&D, Greensboro, NC 27419 USA. [Shaner, Dale] USDA ARS, Water Management Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Brunk, Galen; Nissen, Scott; Westra, Phil] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Chen, WL (reprint author), Syngenta Crop Protect LLC, Prod Safety R&D, POB 18300, Greensboro, NC 27419 USA. EM wenlin.chen@syngenta.com OI Shaner, Dale/0000-0003-4293-6133 NR 33 TC 8 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 32 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 41 IS 1 BP 170 EP 178 DI 10.2134/jeq2011.0187 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 877WR UT WOS:000299213900018 PM 22218185 ER PT J AU Fortuna, AM Honeycutt, CW Vandemark, G Griffin, TS Larkin, RP He, ZQ Wienhold, BJ Sistani, KR Albrecht, SL Woodbury, BL Torbert, HA Powell, JM Hubbard, RK Eigenberg, RA Wright, RJ Alldredge, JR Harsh, JB AF Fortuna, Ann-Marie Honeycutt, C. Wayne Vandemark, George Griffin, Timothy S. Larkin, Robert P. He, Zhongqi Wienhold, Brian J. Sistani, Karamat R. Albrecht, Stephan L. Woodbury, Bryan L. Torbert, Henry A. Powell, J. Mark Hubbard, Robert K. Eigenberg, Roger A. Wright, Robert J. Alldredge, J. Richard Harsh, James B. TI Links among Nitrification, Nitrifier Communities, and Edaphic Properties in Contrasting Soils Receiving Dairy Slurry SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID AMMONIA-OXIDIZING BACTERIA; REAL-TIME PCR; NITROGEN MINERALIZATION; GRASSLAND SOILS; CLAY-MINERALS; ARCHAEA DOMINATE; ARABLE SOILS; MANURE; FIXATION; OXIDATION AB Soil biotic and abiotic factors strongly influence nitrogen (N) availability and increases in nitrification rates associated with the application of manure. In this study, we examine the effects of edaphic properties and a dairy (Bos taurus) slurry amendment on N availability, nitrification rates and nitrifier communities. Soils of variable texture and clay mineralogy were collected from six USDA-ARS research sites and incubated for 28 d with and without dairy slurry applied at a rate of similar to 300 kg N ha(-1). Periodically, subsamples were removed for analyses of 2 M KCl extractable N and nitrification potential, as well as gene copy numbers of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA). Spearman coefficients for nitrification potentials and AOB copy number were positively correlated with total soil C, total soil N, cation exchange capacity, and clay mineralogy in treatments with and without slurry application. Our data show that the quantity and type of clay minerals present in a soil affect nitrifier populations, nitrification rates, and the release of inorganic N. Nitrogen mineralization, nitrification potentials, and edaphic properties were positively correlated with AOB gene copy numbers. On average, AOA gene copy numbers were an order of magnitude lower than those of AOB across the six soils and did not increase with slurry application. Our research suggests that the two nitrifier communities overlap but have different optimum environmental conditions for growth and activity that are partly determined by the interaction of manure-derived ammonium with soil properties. C1 [Fortuna, Ann-Marie; Harsh, James B.] Washington State Univ, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Larkin, Robert P.; He, Zhongqi] ARS, USDA, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, Orono, ME USA. [Vandemark, George] ARS, USDA, Pullman, WA USA. [Griffin, Timothy S.] Tufts Univ, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Wienhold, Brian J.] ARS, USDA, Lincoln, NE USA. [Sistani, Karamat R.] ARS, USDA, Bowling Green, KY USA. [Albrecht, Stephan L.] ARS, USDA, Pendleton, OR USA. [Woodbury, Bryan L.; Eigenberg, Roger A.] ARS, USDA, Clay Ctr, NE USA. [Torbert, Henry A.] ARS, USDA, Auburn, AL USA. [Powell, J. Mark] ARS, USDA, Madison, WI USA. [Hubbard, Robert K.] ARS, USDA, Tifton, GA USA. [Wright, Robert J.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Alldredge, J. Richard] Washington State Univ, Dep Stat, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Fortuna, AM (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM afortuna@wsu.edu RI Fortuna, Ann-Marie/G-4884-2012; Harsh, James/C-7455-2014; OI Harsh, James/0000-0002-0177-3342; He, Zhongqi/0000-0003-3507-5013 FU Hatch Project [0711] FX Funding for this project was provided by Hatch Project 0711 and Congressional appropriations to ARS. NR 54 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 8 U2 30 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 41 IS 1 BP 262 EP 272 DI 10.2134/jeq2011.0202 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 877WR UT WOS:000299213900027 PM 22218194 ER PT J AU Qi, ZM Ma, LW Helmers, MJ Ahuja, LR Malone, RW AF Qi, Zhiming Ma, Liwang Helmers, Matthew J. Ahuja, Lajpat R. Malone, Robert W. TI Simulating Nitrate-Nitrogen Concentration from a Subsurface Drainage System in Response to Nitrogen Application Rates Using RZWQM2 SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID HYBRID MODEL; COVER CROP; LOSSES; WATER; DYNAMICS; YIELDS; DSSAT; FIELD; SOIL; IOWA AB Computer models have been widely used to evaluate the impact of agronomic management on nitrogen (N) dynamics in subsurface drained fields. However, they have not been evaluated as to their ability to capture the variability of nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) concentration in subsurface drainage at a wide range of N application rates due to possible errors in the simulation of other system components. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of Root Zone Water Quality Model2 (RZWQM2) in simulating the response of NO3-N concentration in subsurface drainage to N application rate. A 16-yr field study conducted in Iowa at nine N rates (0-252 kg N ha(-1)) from 1989 to 2004 was used to evaluate the model, based on a previous calibration with data from 2005 to 2009 at this site. The results showed that the RZWQM2 model performed "satisfactorily" in simulating the response of NO3-N concentration in subsurface drainage to N fertilizer rate with 0.76, 0.49, and -3% for the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency, the ratio of the root mean square error to the standard deviation, and percent bias, respectively. The simulation also identified that the N application rate required to achieve the maximum contaminant level for the annual average NO3-N concentration was similar to field-observed data. This study supports the use of RZWQM2 to predict NO3-N concentration in subsurface drainage at various N application rates once it is calibrated for the local condition. C1 [Qi, Zhiming; Ma, Liwang; Ahuja, Lajpat R.] ARS, USDA, Agr Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Helmers, Matthew J.] Iowa State Univ, Dep Agr & Biosyst Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Malone, Robert W.] ARS, USDA, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Qi, ZM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Agr Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM Zhiming.Qi@ars.usda.gov NR 32 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 18 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 41 IS 1 BP 289 EP 295 DI 10.2134/jeq2011.0195 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 877WR UT WOS:000299213900030 PM 22218197 ER PT J AU First, MR Park, NY Berrang, ME Meinersmann, RJ Bernhard, JM Gast, RJ Hollibaugh, JT AF First, Matthew R. Park, Nina Y. Berrang, Mark E. Meinersmann, Richard J. Bernhard, Joan M. Gast, Rebecca J. Hollibaugh, James T. TI Ciliate Ingestion and Digestion: Flow Cytometric Measurements and Regrowth of a Digestion-Resistant Campylobacter jejuni SO JOURNAL OF EUKARYOTIC MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bacterivory; cell metabolism; CellTracker Green; pathogen survival; Trojan horse protist ID FREE-LIVING AMEBAS; INTRACELLULAR BACTERIAL PATHOGENS; FLUORESCENTLY LABELED BACTERIA; MARINE PHAGOTROPHIC PROTOZOA; GRADIENT GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; COMPLETE GENOME SEQUENCE; LEGIONELLA-PNEUMOPHILA; ACANTHAMOEBA-POLYPHAGA; FRESH-WATER; PROTISTS AB We measured ingestion and digestion rates of the pathogenic bacterium Campylobacter jejuni by a freshwater ciliate Colpoda sp. to determine whether Campylobacter is able to resist protist digestion. Campylobacter and the nonpathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas putida LH1 were labeled with a 5-chloromethylfluorescein diacetate, which fluoresces in intact and active cells but fades when exposed to low pH environments, such as protistan food vacuoles. Ingestion and digestion rates were measured via flow cytometry as the change in ciliate fluorescence over time, which corresponded to the quantity of intracellular bacteria. The rate of Campylobacter ingestion exceeded the digestion rate. Ciliates retained labeled Campylobacter 5 h after ingestion was stopped. In contrast, ciliates grazing upon P. putida returned to baseline fluorescence within 5 h, indicating that P. putida were completely digested. The ability of intracellular Campylobacter to remain viable after ingestion was tested by sorting individual ciliates and bacterial cells into Campylobacter-selective media. Campylobacter growth occurred in 15% (+/- 5 SE) of wells seeded with highly fluorescent ciliates, whereas only 4% (+/- 1) of wells seeded with free-living Campylobacter exhibited growth. A key advantage of this approach is that it is rapid and should be applicable to other phagocytotis studies. C1 [First, Matthew R.; Bernhard, Joan M.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Geol & Geophys, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Park, Nina Y.; Hollibaugh, James T.] Univ Georgia, Dept Marine Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Berrang, Mark E.; Meinersmann, Richard J.] ARS, Bacterial Epidemiol & Antimicrobial Resistance Re, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Gast, Rebecca J.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Biol, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. RP First, MR (reprint author), Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Geol & Geophys, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. EM matthew.r.first@saic.com RI First, Matthew/C-5110-2012; OI Gast, Rebecca J/0000-0003-3875-3975; First, Matthew/0000-0003-1330-3353; First, Matt/0000-0003-3465-2376 FU NSF [OCE-0620959]; WHOI Ocean Life Institute; Coastal Ocean Institute; Agricultural Research Service CRIS [6612-41420-015-00D]; WHOI Coastal Ocean Institute; Woods Hole Center for Oceans and Human Health [NSF OCE-0430724, NIEHS P50ES012742] FX Flow cytometry was performed at the Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases Flow Cytometry Facility at the University of Georgia. We are grateful to Julie Nelson for her assistance in the operation of the flow cytometers used in this study. Eric Adams, Caleb Lilley, and Scott Ladley (USDA Agriculture Research Service) were helpful in maintenance of bacterial cultures. David Beaudoin (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, WHOI) assisted with the sequencing and sequence analysis of Colpoda. This study was funded by NSF OCE-0620959 to J.T.H. M. R. F. was supported in part by a WHOI Ocean Life Institute postdoctoral scholarship and a Coastal Ocean Institute grant to J.M.B. and R.J.G. M. E. B. and R.J.M. were supported by Agricultural Research Service CRIS 6612-41420-015-00D. R.J.G. was supported by a WHOI Coastal Ocean Institute Fellowship and the Woods Hole Center for Oceans and Human Health (awards NSF OCE-0430724 and NIEHS P50ES012742). This work occurred prior to M. R. F.'s affiliation with SAIC, Inc., and any views, statements, or opinions presented in this work are solely those of the author and do not necessarily represent those of the company. NR 52 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1066-5234 J9 J EUKARYOT MICROBIOL JI J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. PD JAN-FEB PY 2012 VL 59 IS 1 BP 12 EP 19 DI 10.1111/j.1550-7408.2011.00589.x PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 872ZN UT WOS:000298850200002 PM 22092598 ER PT J AU Friedman, M Rasooly, R AF Friedman, Mendel Rasooly, Reuven TI Letter to the Editor: Inactivating SEA Response SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Letter ID STAPHYLOCOCCAL-ENTEROTOXIN; IN-VITRO; MEMBRANES; ASSAY C1 [Friedman, Mendel; Rasooly, Reuven] USDA, ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Friedman, M (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. OI Friedman, Mendel/0000-0003-2582-7517 NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 77 IS 1 BP IX EP X PG 2 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 878KX UT WOS:000299257000003 ER PT J AU Kim, SP Kang, MY Park, JC Nam, SH Friedman, M AF Kim, Sung Phil Kang, Mi Young Park, Jun Cheol Nam, Seok Hyun Friedman, Mendel TI Rice Hull Smoke Extract Inactivates Salmonella Typhimurium in Laboratory Media and Protects Infected Mice against Mortality SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE antimicrobial effects; liquid smoke; mice; rice hull smoke extract; Salmonella Typhimurium; vancomycin ID PLANT ESSENTIAL OILS; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; LIQUID SMOKE; ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY; ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES; AEROMONAS-HYDROPHILA; FRANKFURTERS; MACROPHAGES; PRODUCTS; STORAGE AB A previously characterized rice hull smoke extract (RHSE) was tested for bactericidal activity against Salmonella Typhimurium using the disc-diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of RHSE was 0.822% (v/v). The in vivo antibacterial activity of RHSE (1.0%, v/v) was also examined in a Salmonella-infected Balb/c mouse model. Mice infected with a sublethal dose of the pathogens were administered intraperitoneally a 1.0% solution of RHSE at four 12-h intervals during the 48-h experimental period. The results showed that RHSE inhibited bacterial growth by 59.4%, 51.4%, 39.6%, and 28.3% compared to 78.7%, 64.6%, 59.2%, and 43.2% inhibition with the medicinal antibiotic vancomycin (20 mg/mL). By contrast, 4 consecutive administrations at 12-h intervals elicited the most effective antibacterial effect of 75.0% and 85.5% growth reduction of the bacteria by RHSE and vancomycin, respectively. The combination of RHSE and vancomycin acted synergistically against the pathogen. The inclusion of RHSE (1.0% v/w) as part of a standard mouse diet fed for 2 wk decreased mortality of 10 mice infected with lethal doses of the Salmonella. Photomicrographs of histological changes in liver tissues show that RHSE also protected the liver against Salmonella-induced pathological necrosis lesions. These beneficial results suggest that the RHSE has the potential to complement wood-derived smokes as antimicrobial flavor formulations for application to human foods and animal feeds. C1 [Nam, Seok Hyun] Ajou Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Suwon 443749, South Korea. [Kim, Sung Phil] Ajou Univ, Dept Mol Sci & Technol, Suwon 443749, South Korea. [Kang, Mi Young] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Food Sci & Nutr, Taegu 702701, South Korea. [Park, Jun Cheol] Rural Dev Adm, Natl Inst Anim Sci, Suwon 441706, South Korea. [Friedman, Mendel] ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Nam, SH (reprint author), Ajou Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Suwon 443749, South Korea. EM shnam@ajou.ac.kr; mendel.friedman@ars.usda.gov OI Friedman, Mendel/0000-0003-2582-7517 FU Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea [200901OFT113068122] FX This research received grant support from the Agenda Program (Nr. 200901OFT113068122), Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea. We thank Carol E. Levin for assistance with the preparation of the manuscript. USDA is an equal opportunity employer. NR 33 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 18 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 77 IS 1 BP M80 EP M85 DI 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2011.02478.x PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 878KX UT WOS:000299257000073 PM 22132793 ER PT J AU Aussanasuwannakul, A Weber, GM Salem, M Yao, JB Slider, S Manor, ML Kenney, PB AF Aussanasuwannakul, Aunchalee Weber, Greg M. Salem, Mohamed Yao, Jianbo Slider, Susan Manor, Meghan L. Kenney, P. Brett TI Effect of Sexual Maturation on Thermal Stability, Viscoelastic Properties, and Texture of Female Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, Fillets SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE differential scanning calorimetry; rainbow trout muscle; sexual maturation; texture; viscoelastic properties ID HAKE MERLUCCIUS-HUBBSI; DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY; GADUS-MORHUA L.; SPAWNING MIGRATION; POSTSPAWNED HAKE; PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES; PROTEASE ACTIVITY; MUSCLE PROTEINS; KETA MUSCLE; ACTOMYOSIN AB The nutrient and energy demand of sexual maturation in many fish cultivars causes structural change to key contractile proteins and thereby, affects fillet firmness. Thermal denaturation and viscoelastic properties of white muscle from diploid (2N; fertile) and triploid (3N; sterile) female rainbow trout were investigated at 6 age endpoints from July 2008 through spawning in March 2009. Differential scanning calorimetry showed, in March, that the actin denaturation temperature (Tmax,actin) of 2N females was higher than that observed in 3N females (78.17 versus 77.27 degrees C). From 35 to 45 degrees C, viscoelastic measurement revealed that muscle from 2N females and younger fish (July, 16 mo) had greater elasticity (lower tan d) than muscle from 3N females and older fish (November to March; 20 to 24 mo), respectively. The highest elastic response and the firmest fillets were observed in July. Raw fillets were softer (Allo-Kramer shear; P < 0.05) from September to January (288.77 g/g on average) than those collected in July (475.15 g/g) and March (366.79 g/g). Soft fillets became firmer after cooking except for January samples. Greater cook yield and softer fillets were observed in January compared to December. Lipid accumulation in 3N females may lubricate muscle fibers and protect them from losing functionality during the spawning season for animals on a high plane of nutrition. C1 [Aussanasuwannakul, Aunchalee; Salem, Mohamed; Yao, Jianbo; Slider, Susan; Manor, Meghan L.; Kenney, P. Brett] W Virginia Univ, Div Anim & Nutr Sci, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Weber, Greg M.] ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, USDA, Leetown, WV 25430 USA. RP Kenney, PB (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Div Anim & Nutr Sci, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM bkenney@wvu.edu FU USDA/CSREES, Natl. Research Initiative [2007-35205-17914]; USDA/ARS CRIS [1930-32000-007] FX This study was funded by USDA/CSREES#2007-35205-17914 Natl. Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program and Supported by USDA/ARS CRIS Project 1930-32000-007. It is published with the approval of the West Virginia Univ. Director of the Agricultural Station as scientific paper nr. 3119. Mention of trade names of commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. NR 43 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 77 IS 1 BP S77 EP S83 DI 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2011.02512.x PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 878KX UT WOS:000299257000072 PM 22260134 ER PT J AU Jakes, JE Lakes, RS Stone, DS AF Jakes, Joseph E. Lakes, Rod S. Stone, Don S. TI Broadband nanoindentation of glassy polymers: Part I. Viscoelasticity SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DEPTH-SENSING INDENTATION; INITIAL UNLOADING SLOPE; ELASTIC-MODULUS; INSTRUMENTED INDENTATION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; CONTACT AREA; STRAIN-RATE; INSTANTANEOUS MODULUS; CONICAL INDENTATION; AMORPHOUS POLYMER AB Protocols are developed to assess viscoelastic moduli from unloading slopes in Berkovich nanoindentation across four orders of magnitude in time scale (0.01-100 s unloading time). Measured viscoelastic moduli of glassy polymers poly(methyl methacrylate), polystyrene, and polycarbonate follow the same trends with frequency (1/unloading time) as viscoelastic moduli generated from dynamic mechanical analysis and broadband viscoelastic spectroscopy but are 18-50% higher. Included in the developed protocols is an experimental method based on measured indent area to remove from consideration indents for which viscoplastic deformation takes place during unloading. Ancillary measurements of indent area and depth reveal no detectable (similar to 1%) change in area between 200 s and 4.9 days following removal of indenter. C1 [Jakes, Joseph E.] USDA Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Jakes, Joseph E.; Stone, Don S.] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Mat Sci Program, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Lakes, Rod S.] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Engn Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Stone, Don S.] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Jakes, JE (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM jjakes@fs.fed.us RI Stone, Donald/A-7496-2016 FU Hysitron Inc. [CRADA 10-RD-111111129-027]; Forest Products Laboratory [CRADA 10-RD-111111129-027]; National Science Foundation [CMMI-0824719] FX We thank Oden Warren, Syed Asif, Jason Oh, and Yuxin Feng at Hysitron Inc. for helping us to quantify the effects of the electronic filters in the nanoindentation measurements. Research was supported by CRADA 10-RD-111111129-027 between Hysitron Inc. and Forest Products Laboratory (J.E. Jakes) and by the National Science Foundation, Award CMMI-0824719 (D.S. Stone). NR 59 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 27 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0884-2914 EI 2044-5326 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 27 IS 2 BP 463 EP 474 DI 10.1557/jmr.2011.363 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 886TP UT WOS:000299877100009 ER PT J AU Jakes, JE Lakes, RS Stone, DS AF Jakes, Joseph E. Lakes, Rod S. Stone, Don S. TI Broadband nanoindentation of glassy polymers: Part II. Viscoplasticity SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID STRAIN-RATE SENSITIVITY; INDENTATION CREEP; PHENOMENOLOGICAL APPROACH; PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; HIGH-PRESSURE; YIELD-STRESS; TEMPERATURE; POLYETHYLENE; MOLYBDENUM; BEHAVIOR AB The relationship between hardness and flow stress in glassy polymers is examined. Materials studied include poly(methylmethacrylate), polystyrene, and polycarbonate. Properties are strongly rate dependent, so broadband nanoindentation creep (BNC) is used to measure hardness across a broad range of indentation strain rates (10(-4) to 10 s(-1)). Molybdenum (Mo) is also studied to serve as a "control" whose rate-dependent hardness properties have been measured previously and whose flow stress, unlike the polymers, is pressure insensitive. The BNC hardness data are converted to uniaxial flow stress using two methods based on the usual Tabor-Marsh-Johnson correlation. With both methods the resulting BNC-derived uniaxial flow stress data agree closely with literature compression uniaxial flow stress data for all materials. For the polymers, the BNC hardness data depend on initial rate of loading, indicating that the measured properties are path dependent. Path dependence is not detected in Mo. C1 [Jakes, Joseph E.] USDA Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Jakes, Joseph E.; Stone, Don S.] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Mat Sci Program, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Lakes, Rod S.] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Engn Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Stone, Don S.] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Jakes, JE (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM jjakes@fs.fed.us RI Stone, Donald/A-7496-2016 FU Hysitron, Inc. [10-RD-111111129-027]; Forest Products Laboratory [10-RD-111111129-027]; National Science Foundation [CMMI-0824719] FX This work was supported by Cooperative Research and Development Agreement 10-RD-111111129-027 between Hysitron, Inc. and Forest Products Laboratory. Research was sponsored by the National Science Foundation (Award CMMI-0824719 to D.S. Stone). NR 62 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 15 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 27 IS 2 BP 475 EP 484 DI 10.1557/jmr.2011.364 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 886TP UT WOS:000299877100010 ER PT J AU Ehlenfeldt, MK Rowland, LJ Ogden, EL Vinyard, BT AF Ehlenfeldt, Mark K. Rowland, Lisa J. Ogden, Elizabeth L. Vinyard, Bryan T. TI Cold-hardiness, Acclimation, and Deacclimation among Diverse Blueberry Genotypes SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE hardening; dehardening; freezing tolerance; Vaccinium ID HIGHBUSH BLUEBERRY; SECTION CYANOCOCCUS; BUD DEVELOPMENT; VACCINIUM; CULTIVARS; TOLERANCE AB Cold injury to plants can occur by early fall freezes before cold acclimation, by severe midwinter freezes that exceed the limits of the plant's tolerance, or by hard freezes in late winter or early spring after partial or complete deacclimation. Ideally, blueberry (Vaccinium L.) cultivars for temperate regions should acclimate to cold quickly in the fall, have a high midwinter-hardiness, and deacclimate late and/or slowly during spring or during unseasonably warm spells in winter, and do all of this without adversely delaying time of fruiting. Until recently, only limited evaluations have been done on the acclimation and deacclimation process in blueberry, although it is an integral part of flower bud survival and, thus, is directly related to potential yield. In this study, we have measured the timing and rate of acclimation and deacclimation in seven blueberry genotypes with different amounts of diverse species germplasm in their backgrounds. Primary differences observed among the seven genotypes were differences in maximum hardiness levels and the date at which they were reached, and differences in the date at which maximum acclimation levels were no longer sustained and deacclimation started. Highbush cultivars Bluecrop and Legacy (V. corymbosum L.), rabbiteye cultivar Tifblue [V. ashei Reade (= V virgatztm Alton)], and two rabbiteye hybrid derivatives (US 1043 and US 1056) all reached maximum or near maximum cold-hardiness by late December with temperatures causing 50% lethality (LT50) in a range from -22 to -27 degrees C. The half-high, 'Northsky', and a hybrid of V. constablaei Gray x V. ashei 'Little Giant' both achieved cold acclimation of -28 degrees C or below (the lowest value we could measure) by the end of November. After reaching their maximum hardiness in late December, 'Legacy', 'Tifblue', and US 1043 began a sustained and relatively linear deacclimation, whereas US 1056, 'Bluecrop', 'Northsky', and 'Little Giant' sustained their acclimation for longer intervals. 'Bluecrop' and US 1056 did not begin to deacclimate until early March, and 'Little Giant' and 'Northsky' had no LT50 values higher (warmer) than -25 degrees C until late March. As concerns about climate change increase, knowledge of the ability of breeding germplasm to tolerate greater temperature extremes and fluctuations will prove increasingly valuable. C1 [Ehlenfeldt, Mark K.] ARS, USDA, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, Marucci Ctr Blueberry & Cranberry Res & Extens, Chatsworth, NJ 08019 USA. [Rowland, Lisa J.; Ogden, Elizabeth L.] ARS, USDA, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Vinyard, Bryan T.] ARS, USDA, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Biometr Consulting Serv, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Ehlenfeldt, MK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, Marucci Ctr Blueberry & Cranberry Res & Extens, 125A Lake Oswego Rd, Chatsworth, NJ 08019 USA. EM mark.ehlenfeldt@ars.usda.gov NR 24 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 5 U2 28 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0003-1062 J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 137 IS 1 BP 31 EP 37 PG 7 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 883VR UT WOS:000299663500004 ER PT J AU Howard, NP Stimart, D de Leon, N Havey, MJ Martin, W AF Howard, Nicholas P. Stimart, Dennis de Leon, Natalia Havey, Michael J. Martin, William TI Diallel Analysis of Floral Longevity in Impatiens walleriana SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE general combining ability; specific combining ability ID GENETICS AB Impatiens (Impatiens walleriana) are currently among the most valuable and widely cultivated floriculture crops in the world. Attractive floral display is a primary goal for breeders of impatiens. Although breeders have selected for this trait, little consideration has been given to floral longevity as a means to increase the floral display of bedding crops. In this study, 259 commercial inbred lines of impatiens were grown in a greenhouse and evaluated for floral longevity as defined by the time between when a flower was completely open to when all of the petals abscised from the pedicle. Mean floral longevity of inbreds ranged from 3.3 +/- 0.4 to 15.8 +/- 2.5 days. Twelve inbreds (six with long floral longevity and six with short floral longevity) were chosen and crossed in a half diallel to create 66 hybrids that were analyzed for floral longevity in three greenhouse environments. Mean floral longevity of hybrids across greenhouse environments ranged from 2.8 +/- 0.4 to 14.1 +/- 2.8 days. Significant general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining abilities for floral longevity were detected. GCA mean squares were 37 times larger than SCA mean squares, revealing that additive genetic effects play a more important role in the inheritance of floral longevity in impatiens. This information, coupled with the significant amount of variation for floral longevity among inbreds, indicates that there is good potential for breeding for floral longevity in impatiens to improve the floral display of hybrids. C1 [Martin, William] Pan Amer Seed Co, Elburn, IL 60119 USA. [Havey, Michael J.] Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [de Leon, Natalia] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Martin, W (reprint author), Pan Amer Seed Co, 1S861 Green Rd, Elburn, IL 60119 USA. EM BMartin@ballhort.com FU commercial flower growers of Wisconsin distinguished graduate fellowship FX We gratefully acknowledge the financial support the commercial flower growers of Wisconsin distinguished graduate fellowship to N.P. Howard. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0003-1062 J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 137 IS 1 BP 47 EP 50 PG 4 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 883VR UT WOS:000299663500006 ER PT J AU Clark, DJ Fielding, RA AF Clark, David J. Fielding, Roger A. TI Neuromuscular Contributions to Age-Related Weakness SO JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Review DE Strength; Electromyography; Skeletal muscle; Nervous system ID UNIT FIRING RATES; TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION; VOLUNTARY MUSCLE ACTIVATION; OLDER-ADULTS; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; CONTRACTILE PROPERTIES; NEURAL ACTIVATION; POWER CHARACTERISTICS; TIBIALIS ANTERIOR; KNEE EXTENSORS AB Declines in skeletal muscle mass and quality are important factors contributing to age-related weakness. Neural activation of agonist and antagonist muscles may also be important contributing factors. We conducted a review of the scientific literature on older adults to determine (a) methodologies used to quantify activation, (b) the potential role of agonist and antagonist activation on weakness, and (c) some possible neurophysiological mechanisms that may underlie impaired activation. The cumulative evidence indicates that agonist activation is impaired in some, but not all, older adults and that this impairment contributes to age-related weakness. It is possible that antagonist coactivation also plays a role in age-related weakness, though a definitive link has not been established. Future research should focus on improving quantitative measurement and mechanistic understanding of impaired activation with aging. C1 [Fielding, Roger A.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Clark, David J.] Malcom Randall Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Brain Rehabil Res Ctr, Gainesville, FL USA. [Clark, David J.] Univ Florida, Dept Aging & Geriatr Res, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Fielding, RA (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM roger.fielding@tufts.edu RI Clark, David/A-4916-2013 FU National Institute on Aging [R01-AG-18844]; Boston Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center [1P30AG031679]; U.S. Department of Agriculture [58-1950-7-707]; U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs [B7176-W] FX This research was supported by National Institute on Aging R01-AG-18844 to R. A. F. and by the Boston Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center (1P30AG031679). This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, under agreement No. 58-1950-7-707. D.J.C. was supported by U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Career Development Award B7176-W. NR 78 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1079-5006 J9 J GERONTOL A-BIOL JI J. Gerontol. Ser. A-Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 67 IS 1 BP 41 EP 47 DI 10.1093/gerona/glr041 PG 7 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 885PQ UT WOS:000299791700005 PM 21415261 ER PT J AU Straus, DL Bowker, JD Bowman, MP Carty, D Mitchell, AJ Farmer, BD AF Straus, David L. Bowker, James D. Bowman, Molly P. Carty, Dan Mitchell, Andrew J. Farmer, Bradley D. TI Safety of Aquaflor-Medicated Feed to Sunshine Bass SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article ID SALMO-SALAR L; STREPTOCOCCUS-INIAE; ATLANTIC SALMON; CHANNEL CATFISH; FLORFENICOL; EFFICACY; MORTALITY; FURUNCULOSIS; INFECTION AB Aquaflor (florfenicol, 50% type A medicated article) is a relatively new antibiotic used in U. S. aquaculture and has been widely accepted as a safe and effective therapeutant. Some peer-reviewed studies have suggested that 15 mg florfenicol (FFC) u kg-1 body weight (BW).d(-1) for 10 d controls mortality to a greater extent than 10 mg FFC. kg(-1) BW.d(-1) for 10 d. This study evaluated the safety of Aquaflor to sunshine bass (female white bass Morone chrysops x male striped bass M. saxatilis) when administered in feed at 15 (1xthe maximum proposed therapeutic dose), 45 (3x), and 75 (5x) mg FFC u kg-1 BW.d(-1) for 20 d (2xthe currently approved 10-d treatment duration). The medicated feed was top-coated with Aquaflor and fed at 2% BW.d(-1) divided equally between the morning and afternoon feedings. Juvenile sunshine bass (13.6 +/- 1.6 g [mean +/- SD]) were stocked into 100-L flow-through tanks at 20 fish per tank. Diets were randomly assigned to three replicate tanks per treatment; fish in three additional nonstudy tanks were fed control diets and weighed weekly to calculate proper feeding quantities. Throughout the trial, water quality was maintained within ranges suitable for sunshine bass culture, fish behavior appeared normal, and all feed was readily and rapidly consumed. There were no mortalities and fish health evaluations revealed no chronic toxicity patterns. None of the histopathologies distinctive to the use of Aquaflor were observed. In conclusion, there is an adequate margin of safety associated with administering Aquaflor-medicated feed to fingerling sunshine bass at the proposed therapeutic treatment regimen of 15 mg FFC.kg(-1) BW.d(-1) for 10 d. C1 [Straus, David L.; Mitchell, Andrew J.; Farmer, Bradley D.] ARS, USDA, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Bowker, James D.; Bowman, Molly P.; Carty, Dan] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Aquat Anim Drug Approval Partnership Program, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. RP Straus, DL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, POB 1050, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. EM dave.straus@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1522-2055 J9 N AM J AQUACULT JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult. PY 2012 VL 74 IS 1 BP 1 EP 7 DI 10.1080/15222055.2011.630262 PG 7 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 881SV UT WOS:000299510000001 ER PT J AU Raatz, SK Young, LR Picklo, MJ Sauter, ER Qin, WY Kurzer, MS AF Raatz, Susan K. Young, Lindsay R. Picklo, Matthew J., Sr. Sauter, Edward R. Qin, Wenyi Kurzer, Mindy S. TI Total dietary fat and fatty acid content modifies plasma phospholipid fatty acids, desaturase activity indices, and urinary prostaglandin E in women SO NUTRITION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Dietary fat; Delta 5 desaturase; Delta 6 desaturase; Omega-3 fatty acids; Phospholipid fatty acids; Prostaglandin E-2; Women ID METABOLIC SYNDROME; ANTIINFLAMMATORY ACTIONS; DELTA-5 DESATURASE; ARACHIDONIC-ACID; SERUM-LIPIDS; N-3; OBESITY; MEN; INFLAMMATION; EXPRESSION AB Compared with diets high in fat, low-fat diets are associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease. We hypothesized that a low-fat (LF) (20% fat) and an LF high-omega-3 (n-3) fatty acid diet (LFn3) (23% fat with 3% as alpha-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid [DHA]) would enhance n-3 composition of plasma phospholipid fatty acid and reduce urinary prostaglandin E-2 (PGE(2)) relative to a high-fat diet (HF) (40% fat) and that these changes would be associated with alterations in delta 5 desaturase (D5D) and delta 6 desaturase (D6D) activity. Phospholipid fatty acids and urinary PGE(2), were measured, and D5D and D6D activity indices calculated in a crossover trial in 17 postmenopausal women fed each of 3 test diets (HF, LF, and LFn3) for 8-week feeding periods. Desaturase activity indices were calculated as D5D, 20:4n-6/20:3n-6, and D6D, 20:3n-6/18:2n-6. Plasma phospholipid fatty acid, alpha-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), DHA, and total n-3 fatty acids increased, whereas linoleic acid and arachidonic acid decreased with consumption of LFn3. The LF resulted in enhanced arachidonic acid and DHA. High fat reduced D6D, whereas both HF and LF increased D5D. Urinary PGE(2) was reduced in response to both the LF and LFn3 diets. Low-fat diets, with or without long-chain n-3 fatty acids, promote positive health effects due in part to favorable alteration of plasma phospholipid fatty acid profiles and modification in desaturase activity indices, suggesting that the type and amount of fat consumed are modifiable risk factors for the prevention of cardiovascular disease. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Raatz, Susan K.; Picklo, Matthew J., Sr.] ARS, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58203 USA. [Raatz, Susan K.; Young, Lindsay R.; Kurzer, Mindy S.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Food Sci & Nutr, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Picklo, Matthew J., Sr.; Sauter, Edward R.; Qin, Wenyi] Univ N Dakota, Sch Med & Hlth Sci, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. RP Raatz, SK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58203 USA. EM susan.raatz@ars.usda.gov RI ma, qi/G-3268-2011 FU DOD [W81XWH-0448, W81XWH-06-1-0778]; NIH/NCRR [MO1-RR00400]; ARS, USDA [5450-51000-049-00D, 5450-51000-048-00D] FX The authors thank the study volunteers and the nursing and nutrition staff of the University of Minnesota GCRC. The authors thank Salmon of the Americas, Inc, for their kind donation of salmon fillets for the feeding trial; Douglas M. Bibus, Lipid Technologies, LLC, Austin, MN, for the phospholipid fatty acids analysis; and Will Thomas of the Department of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, for assistance with the statistical analysis. Funding for this work was provided by DOD (W81XWH-0448 and W81XWH-06-1-0778), NIH/NCRR MO1-RR00400, and ARS, USDA 5450-51000-049-00D, and 5450-51000-048-00D. NR 43 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0271-5317 J9 NUTR RES JI Nutr. Res. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 32 IS 1 BP 1 EP 7 DI 10.1016/j.nutres.2011.12.006 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 882ZU UT WOS:000299603200001 PM 22260857 ER PT J AU Kovendan, K Murugan, K Vincent, S Barnard, DR AF Kovendan, Kalimuthu Murugan, Kadarkarai Vincent, Savariar Barnard, Donald R. TI Studies on larvicidal and pupicidal activity of Leucas aspera Willd. (Lamiaceae) and bacterial insecticide, Bacillus sphaericus, against malarial vector, Anopheles stephensi Liston. (Diptera: Culicidae) SO PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CULEX-QUINQUEFASCIATUS; MOSQUITO PATHOGEN; AEDES-AEGYPTI; RESISTANCE; TOXINS; LARVAE; EXTRACTS; STRAIN; TOXICITY; EFFICACY AB The efficacy of whole plant extracts of Leucas aspera and Bacillus sphaericus has been proven against larvicidal and pupicidal activities of the malarial vector, Anopheles stephensi. The present study investigated the larvicidal and pupicidal activity against the first to fourth instar lavae and pupae of the laboratory-reared mosquitoes, A. stephensi. The medicinal plants were collected from the area around Maruthamalai hills, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. L. aspera whole plant was washed with tap water and shade dried at room temperature. The dried plant materials were powdered by an electric blender. From the powder, 100 g of the plant materials was extracted with 300 ml of organic solvents of ethanol for 8 h using a Soxhlet apparatus. The extracts were filtered through a Buchner funnel with Whatman number 1 filter paper. The crude plant extracts were evaporated to dryness in a rotary vacuum evaporator. The plant extract showed larvicidal and pupicidal effects after 24 h of exposure. All larval instars and pupae have considerably moderate mortality; however, the highest larval mortality was the ethanolic extract of whole plant L. aspera against the first to fourth instar larvae and pupae values of LC50=I instar was 9.695%, II instar was 10.272%, III instar was 10.823%, and IV instar was 11.303%, and pupae was 12.732%. B. spaericus against the first to fouth instar larvae and pupae had the following values: I instar was 0.051%, II instar was 0.057%, III instar was 0.062%, IV instar was 0.066%, and for the pupae was 0.073%. No mortality was observed in the control. The present results suggest that the ethanolic extracts of L. aspera and B. sphaericus provided an excellent potential for controlling of malarial vector, A. stephensi. C1 [Kovendan, Kalimuthu; Murugan, Kadarkarai] Bharathiar Univ, Div Entomol, Dept Zool, Sch Life Sci, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India. [Vincent, Savariar] Tamil Nadu State Council Sci & Technol, Madras 600025, Tamil Nadu, India. [Barnard, Donald R.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Kovendan, K (reprint author), Bharathiar Univ, Div Entomol, Dept Zool, Sch Life Sci, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India. EM gokulloyo@yahoo.co.in FU Department of Science and Technology (DST), New Delhi, India; Tamil Nadu State Council for Science and Technology (TNSCST), Chennai, Tamil Nadu FX The authors are thankful to the Department of Science and Technology (DST), New Delhi, India and Tamil Nadu State Council for Science and Technology (TNSCST), Chennai, Tamil Nadu for providing financial support for the present work. The authors are grateful to Dr. K. Sasikala, Professor and Head, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University for the laboratory facilities provided. NR 56 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0932-0113 J9 PARASITOL RES JI Parasitol. Res. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 110 IS 1 BP 195 EP 203 DI 10.1007/s00436-011-2469-2 PG 9 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 881WE UT WOS:000299521000021 PM 21626422 ER PT J AU Lockhart, BR Gardiner, ES Stautz, T Leininger, TD AF Lockhart, Brian Roy Gardiner, Emile S. Stautz, Theran Leininger, Theodor D. TI Development and plasticity of endangered shrub Lindera melissifolia (Lauraceae) seedlings under contrasting light regimes SO PLANT SPECIES BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biomass distribution; light availability; ontogenetic plasticity; phenotypic plasticity; phenotypic variation ID VAPOR-PRESSURE DEFICIT; NORTHERN RED-OAK; BIOMASS ALLOCATION; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; SEXUAL-DIMORPHISM; LONICERA-MAACKII; DIOECIOUS SHRUB; FAGUS-SYLVATICA; PHOTOSYNTHETIC RESPONSES; PHYSIOLOGICAL PLASTICITY AB Lindera melissifolia (Walt.) Blume seedlings were raised in a growth chamber to determine the effects of light availability on shoot growth pattern, and basic leaf and stem growth. Lindera melissifolia seedlings exhibited a sympodial shoot growth pattern for 3 months following emergence from the soil medium, but this pattern was characterized by a reduction in leaf blade area approximately 30 days after emergence, followed by increases in leaf blade area. Seedlings receiving low light were 76% taller than seedlings receiving high light. Seedlings receiving low light also had larger leaf blade dimensions, blade area, seedling leaf area, and greater mass. Seedlings raised in high light had a greater proportional distribution of biomass in the roots, suggesting possible water stress from greater vapor pressure deficits. Furthermore, these seedlings displayed sharp angles of blade inclination and blade folding acclimation that reduces exposure to light and subsequent higher leaf temperatures in open environments. These differences in morphological response to light resulted in high phenotypic variability in L. melissifolia seedlings. Lindera melissifolia seedling development showed a brief period of phenotypic plasticity, followed by ontogenetic plasticity. The short period of phenotypic plasticity may, however, have profound ecological implications for the conservation and recovery of this federally endangered shrub. Further experimentation should take into account the development of ontogenetic standards for comparisons of plant traits in addition to temporal standards. C1 [Lockhart, Brian Roy; Gardiner, Emile S.; Stautz, Theran; Leininger, Theodor D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Lockhart, BR (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM blockhart@fs.fed.us FU US Army Corp of Engineers, Vicksburg District [SRS 01-IA-11330127-527]; USDI Fish and Wildlife Service; USDA Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station FX The authors thank A. Abel, S. Franklin, D. Murphy, C. Oberle and S. Skojac for help with plant measurements; E. Zenner and T. Dell for statistical advice; K. McConnaughay for interpreting plasticity; and T. Hawkins and K. Kirkman for constructive comments on earlier drafts of this manuscript. Support for this pondberry research was provided by the US Army Corp of Engineers, Vicksburg District, Agreement Number SRS 01-IA-11330127-527; USDI Fish and Wildlife Service; and USDA Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station. Seed material used in this research was collected under USDI Fish and Wildlife Service permit number Endangered-Threatened Species Sub-permit SA0142-Amendment 3. NR 91 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0913-557X EI 1442-1984 J9 PLANT SPEC BIOL JI Plant Spec. Biol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 27 IS 1 BP 30 EP 45 DI 10.1111/j.1442-1984.2011.00332.x PG 16 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 876IJ UT WOS:000299100800003 ER PT J AU Kim, WS Chronis, D Juergens, M Schroeder, AC Hyun, SW Jez, JM Krishnan, HB AF Kim, Won-Seok Chronis, Demosthenis Juergens, Matthew Schroeder, Amy C. Hyun, Seung Won Jez, Joseph M. Krishnan, Hari B. TI Transgenic soybean plants overexpressing O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase accumulate enhanced levels of cysteine and Bowman-Birk protease inhibitor in seeds SO PLANTA LA English DT Article DE Bowman-Birk protease inhibitor; Cysteine; Essential amino acid; Nutritional quality; O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase; Soybean ID BACTERIAL SERINE ACETYLTRANSFERASE; SULFUR-RICH PROTEIN; MAX L. MERR.; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; OXIDATIVE STRESS; AMINO-ACIDS; O-ACETYLSERINE(THIOL)LYASE GENE; TRYPSIN-INHIBITOR; CYTOSOLIC ISOFORM; MOLECULAR-CLONING AB Soybeans provide an excellent source of protein in animal feed. Soybean protein quality can be enhanced by increasing the concentration of sulfur-containing amino acids. Previous attempts to increase the concentration of sulfur-containing amino acids through the expression of heterologous proteins have met with limited success. Here, we report a successful strategy to increase the cysteine content of soybean seed through the overexpression of a key sulfur assimilatory enzyme. We have generated several transgenic soybean plants that overexpress a cytosolic isoform of O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase (OASS). These transgenic soybean plants exhibit a four-to tenfold increase in OASS activity when compared with non-transformed wild-type. The OASS activity in the transgenic soybeans was significantly higher at all the stages of seed development. Unlike the non-transformed soybean plants, there was no marked decrease in the OASS activity even at later stages of seed development. Overexpression of cytosolic OASS resulted in a 58-74% increase in protein-bound cysteine levels compared with non-transformed wild-type soybean seeds. A 22-32% increase in the free cysteine levels was also observed in transgenic soybeans overexpressing OASS. Furthermore, these transgenic soybean plants showed a marked increase in the accumulation of Bowman-Birk protease inhibitor, a cysteine-rich protein. The overall increase in soybean total cysteine content (both free and protein-bound) satisfies the recommended levels required for the optimal growth of monogastric animals. C1 [Krishnan, Hari B.] Univ Missouri, Plant Genet Res Unit, USDA, ARS, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Kim, Won-Seok; Chronis, Demosthenis; Krishnan, Hari B.] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Juergens, Matthew; Schroeder, Amy C.; Jez, Joseph M.] Washington Univ, Dept Biol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Hyun, Seung Won] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Stat, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. RP Krishnan, HB (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Plant Genet Res Unit, USDA, ARS, 108 Curtis Hall, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM KrishnanH@missouri.edu FU US Department of Agriculture [NRI-2005-02518]; American Society of Plant Biologists FX We thank the University of Missouri Plant Transformation Core Facility for the production of transgenic soybean lines. Work in the Jez lab was funded by a US Department of Agriculture grant (NRI-2005-02518) to J.M.J., M.J. and A. C. S. were also supported in part by American Society of Plant Biologists Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowships. Product names are necessary to report factually on available data; however, the University of Missouri and the USDA neither guarantee nor warrant the standard of product, and the use of the name by the University of Missouri and the USDA implies no approval of the product to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. NR 62 TC 22 Z9 26 U1 4 U2 25 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0032-0935 J9 PLANTA JI Planta PD JAN PY 2012 VL 235 IS 1 BP 13 EP 23 DI 10.1007/s00425-011-1487-8 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 881UH UT WOS:000299514800002 PM 21805150 ER PT J AU Augustine, DJ Booth, DT Cox, SE Derner, JD AF Augustine, David J. Booth, D. Terrance Cox, Samuel E. Derner, Justin D. TI Grazing Intensity and Spatial Heterogeneity in Bare Soil in a Grazing-Resistant Grassland SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE ecological sites; piosphere; shortgrass steppe; spatial autocorrelation; state and transition models; topographic wetness index ID SEMIARID GRASSLAND; SHORTGRASS STEPPE; DIGITAL IMAGERY; GREAT-PLAINS; VEGETATION; RANGELANDS; LIVESTOCK; ECOSYSTEM; RUNOFF; PRECIPITATION AB We used very large scale aerial (VLSA) photography to quantify spatial patterns in bare soil in the northeastern Colorado shortgrass steppe. Using three pairs of pastures stocked at moderate (0.6 animal unit months [AUM] . ha(-1)) versus very heavy (1.2 AUM . ha(-1)) rates, we detected greater bare soil under very heavy (mean = 22.5%) versus moderate stocking (mean = 13.5%; P = 0.053) and a lower coefficient of variation across pastures under very heavy (0.48) versus moderate stocking (0.75; P = 0.032). Bare soil exhibited significant positive spatial autocorrelation across distances of 60-120 m under moderate stocking (Moran's I = 0.14), while patchiness at this scale was eliminated under very heavy grazing (1 = 0.05). Across distances of 120-480 m, we observed no spatial autocorrelation with either stocking rate. Spatial autocorrelation was greatest at a separation distance of 2 m (I = 0.48-0.58) but was unaffected by stocking rate at this scale. Thus, very heavy grazing did not increase spatial autocorrelation in bare soil across scales of 2-480 m. Means and variability in the distribution of bare soil were not influenced by ecological site. Bare soil increased primarily at the scale of individual plant clusters through both increases in the density of small (2-20 cm) bare patch intercepts and increases in the frequency of bare patch intercepts of 20-60 cm (rather than <20 cm). Our approach demonstrates the utility of VESA for analyzing interactions between grazing and other landscape features and highlights the importance of spatially explicit sampling across broad scales (pastures) while testing for potential shifts in patchiness of bare soil at the scale of plant interspaces. C1 [Augustine, David J.] ARS, USDA, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Derner, Justin D.] ARS, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, USDA, Cheyenne, WY 82009 USA. [Cox, Samuel E.] USDI BLM, Cheyenne, WY 82009 USA. RP Augustine, DJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, 1701 Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM David.Augustine@ars.usda.gov NR 52 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 30 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 EI 1551-5028 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 65 IS 1 BP 39 EP 46 DI 10.2111/REM-D-11-00005.1 PG 8 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 883AK UT WOS:000299604800005 ER PT J AU Hirsch, MC Monaco, TA Ca, CA Ransom, CV AF Hirsch, Merilynn C. Monaco, Thomas A. Ca, Christopher A. Ransom, Corey V. TI Comparison of Herbicides for Reducing Annual Grass Emergence in Two Great Basin Soils SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE bottlebrush squirreltail (Elymus elymoides [Raf.] Swezey); crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum [L.] Gaertn.); downy brome (Bromus tectorum L.); pre-emergence herbicides; salt desert and sagebrush shrubland; soil organic matter ID INVASIVE-PLANT MANAGEMENT; NATIVE PERENNIAL GRASS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; BROMUS TECTORUM; ALIEN PLANTS; SEED BANK; RANGELANDS; PERSISTENCE; RIMSULFURON; COMPETITION AB Reducing seed germination and seedling emergence of downy brome (Bromus tectorum L.) improves the success of revegetating degraded shrubland ecosystems. While pre-emergence herbicides can potentially reduce these two processes, their impact on germination and emergence of downy brome and revegetation species in semiarid ecosystems is poorly understood and has not been comprehensively studied in soils with potentially contrasting herbicide bioavailability (i.e., residual plant activity). We designed a greenhouse experiment to evaluate the effects two pre-emergence acetolactate synthase inhibiting herbicides (rimsulfuron and imazapic) on germination and emergence of downy brome and two revegetation grass species (crested wheatgrass [Agropyron cristatum {L.} Gaertn.] and bottlebrush squirreltail [Elymus elymoides {Raf.} Swezey]) that were grown in representative soils from salt desert and sagebrush shrublands. Pre-emergence herbicides significantly (P < 0.05) reduced seedling emergence and biomass production of downy brome and crested wheatgrass and increased mortality more so in sagebrush compared to salt desert soil, suggesting that these common Great Basin soils fundamentally differ in herbicide bioavailability. Also, germination and emergence of the two highly responsive species (crested wheatgrass and downy brome) were clearly more impacted by rimsulfuron than imazapic. We discuss these results in terms of how the specific soil physiochemical properties influence herbicide adsorption and leaching. Our results shed new light on the relative performance of these two promising herbicides and the importance of considering soil properties when applying pre-emergence herbicides to reduce germination and emergence of invasive annual grasses and create suitable seedbed conditions for revegetation. C1 [Monaco, Thomas A.] Utah State Univ, ARS, USDA, Forage & Range Res Labs, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Hirsch, Merilynn C.; Ca, Christopher A.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildand Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Ransom, Corey V.] Utah State Univ, Plants Soils & Climate Dept, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Monaco, TA (reprint author), Utah State Univ, ARS, USDA, Forage & Range Res Labs, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM tom.monaco@ars.usda.gov NR 80 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 5 U2 35 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 EI 1551-5028 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 65 IS 1 BP 66 EP 75 DI 10.2111/REM-D-11-00050.1 PG 10 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 883AK UT WOS:000299604800008 ER PT J AU Jensen, KB Mott, IW Robins, JG Waldron, BL Nelson, M AF Jensen, Kevin B. Mott, Ivan W. Robins, Joseph G. Waldron, Blair L. Nelson, Mark TI Genetic Improvement and Diversity in Snake River Wheatgrass (Elymus wawawaiensis) (Poaceae: Triticeae) SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE forage quality; genetic diversity; germplasm improvement; seedling establishment ID SEMIARID RANGELANDS; NUTRITIVE QUALITY; GRASSES; FORAGE; ESTABLISHMENT; CULTIVAR; II. AB With the increased emphasis on using native plant materials in range revegetation programs in the western United States it is critical to identify genetically similar groups and develop native grasses that are competitive with invasive weeds, easy to establish, and persistent, and that produce high seed yield. A grass that shows appreciable drought tolerance on arid rangelands is Snake River wheatgrass (Elymus watuawaiensis J. Carlson & Barkworth). This study was designed to estimate genetic relationships and underlying genetic components for seed and forage trait improvement between plant introductions (Pis) of Snake River wheatgrass, 28 half-sib Snake River wheatgrass families (HSFs), and cultivars Secar and Discovery at Nephi, Utah, between 2005 and 2006. Based on molecular genetic diversity data in Snake River wheatgrass, with the exception of the PIs originating from Enterprise, Oregon, all other collections and cultivars are not genetically different and represent a common gene pool from which to develop improved Snake River wheatgrass germplasm. Selection in Snake River wheatgrass for total seed yield (g . plot(-1)), 100-seed weight (g), and seedling emergence from a deep planting depth had a positive effect. Further increases through selection and genetic introgression from hybridization with Pis will likely increase seed yield and 100-seed weight, but will not increase seedling emergence. Increases in dry matter yield (DMY) were observed after two cycles of selection in the HSFs compared to the PIs. There remains considerable genetic and phenotypic variation to further increase DMY in Snake River wheatgrass through selection and hybridization. Trends in forage nutritional quality were not observed after two cycles of selection in the HSFs or the Pis and will not likely result in improvement. Through recurrent selection, populations of Snake River wheatgrass have been and can be developed to more effectively establish and compete on annual weed-infested rangelands. C1 [Jensen, Kevin B.; Mott, Ivan W.; Robins, Joseph G.; Waldron, Blair L.] Utah State Univ, ARS, USDA, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Nelson, Mark] Utah State Univ, Beaver Cty Extens Agent, Beaver, UT 84713 USA. RP Jensen, KB (reprint author), Utah State Univ, ARS, USDA, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM kevin.jensen@ars.usda.gov NR 36 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 4 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 65 IS 1 BP 76 EP 84 DI 10.2111/REM-D-10-00159.1 PG 9 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 883AK UT WOS:000299604800009 ER PT J AU Blank, RR Morgan, T AF Blank, Robert R. Morgan, Tye TI Mineral Nitrogen in a Crested Wheatgrass Stand: Implications for Suppression of Cheatgrass SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE control; growth; nitrification; soil nitrogen ID BROMUS-TECTORUM; ECOSYSTEM ENGINEERS; PLANT INVASION; GREAT-BASIN; SOIL; CARBON; WEEDS AB Cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L.) is an exotic annual grass causing ecosystem degradation in western US rangelands. We investigated potential mechanisms by which crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum L. Gaertn., Agropyron desertorum [Fisch. {Ex Link} Scult.]) suppresses the growth and invasibility of cheatgrass. Research focused on monthly mineral soil N availability and the proportional concentration of NH4+-N in a crested wheatgrass community by microsite (crested wheatgrass, unvegemted interspace, shrub subcanopy) and soil depth (0-15, 15-30 cm) over a 1-yr period. Mineral soil N in crested wheatgrass microsites ranged from 0.24 to 1.66 mmol . kg(-1) and was not appreciably lower than the other microsites or other ecosystems we have measured in the Great Basin. The molar proportion of NH4+-N in the mineral N pool of crested wheatgrass averaged over 85% for the year and is significantly higher than the other microsites and far greater than other plant communities we have measured in the Great Basin. We conclude that crested wheatgrass does not suppress cheatgrass by controlling mineral N below a threshold level; rather, we hypothesize that it may limit nitrification and thereby reduce NO3--N availability to the nitrophile cheatgrass. C1 [Blank, Robert R.; Morgan, Tye] ARS, USDA, Great Basin Rangelands Res Unit, Reno, NV 89512 USA. RP Blank, RR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Great Basin Rangelands Res Unit, 920 Valley Rd, Reno, NV 89512 USA. EM bob.blank@ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 11 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 65 IS 1 BP 101 EP 104 DI 10.2111/REM-D-10-00142.1 PG 4 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 883AK UT WOS:000299604800012 ER PT J AU Robbins, AST Daniels, JM AF Robbins, Alicia S. T. Daniels, Jean M. TI Restoration and Economics: A Union Waiting to Happen? SO RESTORATION ECOLOGY LA English DT Review DE benefits; costs; economics; ecosystem services; nonmarket valuation; restoration ID CONTINGENT VALUATION; BIKING DEMAND; RIVER-BASIN; BENEFITS; ECOSYSTEM; ECOLOGY; VALUES; COST; PREFERENCES; HABITAT AB In this article, our objective is to introduce economics as a tool for the planning, prioritization, and evaluation of restoration projects. Studies that develop economic estimates of public values for ecological restoration employ methods that may be unfamiliar to practitioners. We hope to address this knowledge gap by describing economic concepts in the context of ecological restoration. We have summarized the most common methods for estimating the costs and benefits of restoration projects as well as frameworks for decision analysis and prioritization. These methods are illustrated in a review of the literature as it applies to terrestrial restoration in the United States, with examples of applications of methods to projects. Our hope is that practitioners will consider collaborating with economists to help ensure that restoration costs and benefits are identified and understood. C1 [Robbins, Alicia S. T.] Univ Washington, Sch Forest Resources, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Daniels, Jean M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland, OR 97205 USA. RP Robbins, AST (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Forest Resources, Box 352100, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM astr@uw.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service FX This study was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. We would like to thank reviewers for their suggestions and comments. NR 47 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 4 U2 45 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1061-2971 EI 1526-100X J9 RESTOR ECOL JI Restor. Ecol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 20 IS 1 BP 10 EP 17 DI 10.1111/j.1526-100X.2011.00838.x PG 8 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 872XT UT WOS:000298845500003 ER PT J AU Vazquez, MD Peterson, CJ Riera-Lizarazu, O Chen, XM Heesacker, A Ammar, K Crossa, J Mundt, CC AF Vazquez, M. Dolores Peterson, C. James Riera-Lizarazu, Oscar Chen, Xianming Heesacker, Adam Ammar, Karim Crossa, Jose Mundt, Christopher C. TI Genetic analysis of adult plant, quantitative resistance to stripe rust in wheat cultivar 'Stephens' in multi-environment trials SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID F-SP TRITICI; PUCCINIA-STRIIFORMIS; BREAD WHEAT; TRAIT LOCI; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; DURABLE RESISTANCE; YELLOW RUST; LEAF RUST; CHROMOSOMAL LOCATION; SEEDLING RESISTANCE AB The wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar 'Stephens' has been grown commercially in the USA Pacific Northwest for 30 years. The durable resistance of 'Stephens' to stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) was believed to be due to a combination of seedling and adult plant resistance genes. Multilocation field trials, diversity array technology (DArT), and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for resistance. Recombinant inbred lines were assessed for stripe rust response in eight locations/years, five in 2008 and three in 2009. The data from Mt. Vernon, WA, differed from all other environments, and composite interval mapping (CIM) identified three QTL, QYrst.orr-1AL, QYrst.orr-4BS, and QYrpl.orr-6AL, which accounted for 12, 11, and 6% of the phenotypic variance, respectively. CIM across the remaining six environments identified four main QTL. Two QTL, QYrst.orr-2BS. 2 and QYrst.orr-7AS, were detected in five of six environments and explained 11 and 15% of the phenotypic variance, respectively. Two other QTL, QYrst.orr-2AS and QYrpl.orr-4BL, were detected across four and three of six environments, and explained 19 and 9% of the phenotypic variance, respectively. The susceptible parent 'Platte' contributed QYrpl.orr-4BL and QYrpl.orr-6AL, with the remaining QTL originating from 'Stephens'. For each environment, additional minor QTL were detected, each accounting for 6-10% of the phenotypic variance. Different QTL with moderate effects were identified in both 'Stephens' and 'Platte'. Significant QTL 9 environment interactions were evident, suggesting that specificity to plant stage, pathogen genotype, and/or temperature was important. C1 [Vazquez, M. Dolores; Peterson, C. James; Riera-Lizarazu, Oscar; Heesacker, Adam] Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Chen, Xianming] Washington State Univ, USDA, ARS, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chen, Xianming] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Ammar, Karim; Crossa, Jose] Int Maize & Wheat Improvement Ctr CIMMYT, Mexico City 06600, DF, Mexico. [Mundt, Christopher C.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Vazquez, MD (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM m.dolores.vazquez@oregonstate.edu OI Crossa, Jose/0000-0001-9429-5855; Riera-Lizarazu, Oscar/0000-0002-7477-4063 NR 52 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 124 IS 1 BP 1 EP 11 DI 10.1007/s00122-011-1681-x PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 882CP UT WOS:000299539300001 ER PT J AU Jun, TH Mian, MAR Michel, AP AF Jun, Tae-Hwan Mian, M. A. Rouf Michel, Andrew P. TI Genetic mapping revealed two loci for soybean aphid resistance in PI 567301B SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; SINGLE DOMINANT GENE; LINKAGE MAP; GLYCINES; INHERITANCE; PI-243540; CULTIVARS; HOMOPTERA; DISCOVERY; GERMPLASM AB The soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura) is the most damaging insect pest of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] in North America. New soybean aphid biotypes have been evolving quickly and at least three confirmed biotypes have been reported in USA. These biotypes are capable of defeating most known aphid resistant soybean genes indicating the need for identification of new genes. Plant Introduction (PI) 567301B was earlier identified to have antixenosis resistance against biotype 1 and 2 of the soybean aphid. Two hundred and three F-7:9 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) developed from a cross of soybean aphid susceptible cultivar Wyandot and resistant PI 567301B were used for mapping aphid resistance genes using the quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping approach. A subset of 94 RILs and 516 polymorphic SNP makers were used to construct a genome-wide molecular linkage map. Two candidate QTL regions for aphid resistance were identified on this linkage map. Fine mapping of the QTL regions was conducted with SSR markers using all 203 RILs. A major gene on chromosome 13 was mapped near the previously identified Rag2 gene. However, an earlier study revealed that the detached leaves of PI 567301B had no resistance against the soybean aphids while the detached leaves of PI 243540 (source of Rag2) maintained aphid resistance. These results and the earlier finding that PI 243540 showed antibiosis resistance and PI 567301B showed antixenosis type resistance, indicating that the aphid resistances in the two PIs are not controlled by the same gene. Thus, we have mapped a new gene near the Rag2 locus for soybean aphid resistance that should be useful in breeding for new aphid-resistant soybean cultivars. Molecular markers closely linked to this gene are available for marker-assisted breeding. Also, the minor locus found on chromosome 8 represents the first reported soybean aphid-resistant locus on this chromosome. C1 [Mian, M. A. Rouf] Ohio State Univ, USDA ARS, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Mian, M. A. Rouf] Ohio State Univ, Dept Hort & Crop Sci, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Jun, Tae-Hwan; Michel, Andrew P.] Ohio State Univ OARDC, Dept Entomol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Mian, MAR (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, USDA ARS, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM mian.3@osu.edu RI Michel, Andrew/B-5329-2012 NR 50 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 124 IS 1 BP 13 EP 22 DI 10.1007/s00122-011-1682-9 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 882CP UT WOS:000299539300002 PM 21912856 ER PT J AU Mahanil, S Ramming, D Cadle-Davidson, M Owens, C Garris, A Myles, S Cadle-Davidson, L AF Mahanil, Siraprapa Ramming, David Cadle-Davidson, Molly Owens, Christopher Garris, Amanda Myles, Sean Cadle-Davidson, Lance TI Development of marker sets useful in the early selection of Ren4 powdery mildew resistance and seedlessness for table and raisin grape breeding SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID VITIS-VINIFERA L.; FUNGAL DISEASE RESISTANCE; ASSISTED SELECTION; SOLANUM-TUBEROSUM; GENE ANALOGS; DOWNY MILDEW; MAP; IDENTIFICATION; CLUSTER; VIRUS AB The single, dominant powdery mildew resistance locus Ren4 from Vitis romanetii prevents hyphal growth by Erysiphe necator. Previously, we showed that when introgressed into V. vinifera in the modified BC2 population 03-3004, Ren4 was linked with the simple sequence repeat marker VMC7f2 on chromosome 18-a marker that is associated with multiple disease resistance and seedlessness. However, in the current study, this marker was monomorphic in related breeding populations 05-3010 and 07-3553. To enhance marker-assisted selection at this locus, we developed multiplexed SNP markers using three approaches: conversion of bulked segregant analysis AFLP markers, sequencing of candidate genes and regions flanking known V. vinifera SNPs, and hybridization to the Vitis9KSNP genotyping array. The Vitis9KSNP array was more cost-efficient than all other approaches tested for marker discovery and genotyping, enabling the genotyping of 1317 informative SNPs within the span of 1 week and at a cost of 11 cents per SNP. From a total of 1,446 high quality, informative markers segregating in 03-3004, we developed a haplotype signature of 15 multiplexed SNP markers linked with Ren4 in 03-3004, 5 of which were linked in 05-3010, and 6 of which were linked in 07-3553. Two of these populations segregated for seedlessness, which was tightly linked with Ren4 in 03-3004 (2 cM) but not in 05-3010 (22 cM). Chromosomal rearrangements were detected among these three populations and the reference genome PN40024. Since this is the first application of the Vitis9KSNP array in a breeding program, some suggestions are provided for application of genotyping arrays. Our results provide novel markers for tracking and pyramiding this unique resistance gene and for further functional characterization of this region on chromosome 18 encoding multiple disease resistance and seedlessness. C1 [Mahanil, Siraprapa; Cadle-Davidson, Molly; Owens, Christopher; Cadle-Davidson, Lance] USDA ARS, Grape Genet Res Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Ramming, David] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Garris, Amanda] Cornell Univ, New York State Agr Expt Stn, Dept Hort Sci, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Myles, Sean] Stanford Univ, Dept Genet, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Cadle-Davidson, L (reprint author), SRC Adv Technol Initiat, 7502 Round Pond Rd, N Syracuse, NY 13212 USA. EM Lance.CadleDavidson@ars.usda.gov FU American Vineyard Foundation; USDA-ARS FX This project was funded by the American Vineyard Foundation. Development of the Vitis9KSNP array and its application in genotyping of the parents and 18 progeny was funded by a grant from USDA-ARS to Ed Buckler and Doreen Ware. NR 45 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 34 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 124 IS 1 BP 23 EP 33 DI 10.1007/s00122-011-1684-7 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 882CP UT WOS:000299539300003 PM 21904846 ER PT J AU Silva, J Scheffler, B Sanabria, Y De Guzman, C Galam, D Farmer, A Woodward, J May, G Oard, J AF Silva, James Scheffler, Brian Sanabria, Yamid De Guzman, Christian Galam, Dominique Farmer, Andrew Woodward, Jimmy May, Gregory Oard, James TI Identification of candidate genes in rice for resistance to sheath blight disease by whole genome sequencing SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID RHIZOCTONIA-SOLANI; PLANT-DEFENSE; INBRED LINES; PROTEIN; MUTATIONS; BARLEY AB Recent advances in whole genome sequencing (WGS) have allowed identification of genes for disease susceptibility in humans. The objective of our research was to exploit whole genome sequences of 13 rice (Oryza sativa L.) inbred lines to identify non-synonymous SNPs (nsSNPs) and candidate genes for resistance to sheath blight, a disease of worldwide significance. WGS by the Illumina GA IIx platform produced an average 5x coverage with similar to 700 K variants detected per line when compared to the Nipponbare reference genome. Two filtering strategies were developed to identify nsSNPs between two groups of known resistant and susceptible lines. A total of 333 nsSNPs detected in the resistant lines were absent in the susceptible group. Selected variants associated with resistance were found in 11 of 12 chromosomes. More than 200 genes with selected nsSNPs were assigned to 42 categories based on gene family/gene ontology. Several candidate genes belonged to families reported in previous studies, and three new regions with novel candidates were also identified. A subset of 24 nsSNPs detected in 23 genes was selected for further study. Individual alleles of the 24 nsSNPs were evaluated by PCR whose presence or absence corresponded to known resistant or susceptible phenotypes of nine additional lines. Sanger sequencing confirmed presence of 12 selected nsSNPs in two lines. "Resistant" nsSNP alleles were detected in two accessions of O. nivara that suggests sources for resistance occur in additional Oryza sp. Results from this study provide a foundation for future basic research and marker-assisted breeding of rice for sheath blight resistance. C1 [Silva, James; Sanabria, Yamid; De Guzman, Christian; Galam, Dominique; Oard, James] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Sch Plant Environm & Soil Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Scheffler, Brian] USDA ARS, Genom & Bioinformat Res Unit, JWDSRC, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Farmer, Andrew; Woodward, Jimmy; May, Gregory] Natl Ctr Genome Resources, Santa Fe, NM 87505 USA. RP Oard, J (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Sch Plant Environm & Soil Sci, 104 Sturgis Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM joard@agcenter.lsu.edu OI Scheffler, Brian/0000-0003-1968-8952 FU RiceCAP project (USDA/CS-REES) [2004-35317-14867]; Louisiana Rice Research Board; Mississippi Rice Promotion Board FX We thank the RiceCAP project (USDA/CS-REES Grant 2004-35317-14867) for generation of sequence data, generation of the SB5 mapping population and associated QTL data. We recognize the Louisiana Rice Research Board for partial funding of this research. The Mississippi Rice Promotion Board funded the sequencing of the variety Bowman. We acknowledge Dr. Georgia Eizenga, USDA-ARS Dale Bumpers National Rice Research Center, for her generous gift of DNA isolated from two O. nivara accessions. NR 55 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 22 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 124 IS 1 BP 63 EP 74 DI 10.1007/s00122-011-1687-4 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 882CP UT WOS:000299539300006 PM 21901547 ER PT J AU Zhu, H Senalik, D McCown, BH Zeldin, EL Speers, J Hyman, J Bassil, N Hummer, K Simon, PW Zalapa, JE AF Zhu, H. Senalik, D. McCown, B. H. Zeldin, E. L. Speers, J. Hyman, J. Bassil, N. Hummer, K. Simon, P. W. Zalapa, J. E. TI Mining and validation of pyrosequenced simple sequence repeats (SSRs) from American cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; GENOMIC LIBRARIES; GENETIC-STRUCTURE; DNA; L.; RAPD; EST; IDENTIFICATION; HETEROGENEITY; TECHNOLOGY AB The American cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) is a major commercial fruit crop in North America, but limited genetic resources have been developed for the species. Furthermore, the paucity of codominant DNA markers has hampered the advance of genetic research in cranberry and the Ericaceae family in general. Therefore, we used Roche 454 sequencing technology to perform low-coverage whole genome shotgun sequencing of the cranberry cultivar 'HyRed'. After de novo assembly, the obtained sequence covered 266.3 Mb of the estimated 540-590 Mb in cranberry genome. A total of 107,244 SSR loci were detected with an overall density across the genome of 403 SSR/Mb. The AG repeat was the most frequent motif in cranberry accounting for 35% of all SSRs and together with AAG and AAAT accounted for 46% of all loci discovered. To validate the SSR loci, we designed 96 primer-pairs using contig sequence data containing perfect SSR repeats, and studied the genetic diversity of 25 cranberry genotypes. We identified 48 polymorphic SSR loci with 2-15 alleles per locus for a total of 323 alleles in the 25 cranberry genotypes. Genetic clustering by principal coordinates and genetic structure analyzes confirmed the heterogeneous nature of cranberries. The parentage composition of several hybrid cultivars was evident from the structure analyzes. Whole genome shotgun 454 sequencing was a cost-effective and efficient way to identify numerous SSR repeats in the cranberry sequence for marker development. C1 [Senalik, D.; Simon, P. W.; Zalapa, J. E.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Speers, J.; Hyman, J.] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Biotechnol, DNA Sequencing Facil, Madison, WI 53705 USA. [Bassil, N.; Hummer, K.] USDA ARS, Corvallis, OR USA. RP Zalapa, JE (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM jezalapa@wisc.edu FU USDA-ARS [3655-21220-001-00] FX The authors thank PS100, Eric Wiesman, Lisa Wasko, Beth Workmaster, Rebecca Harbut, Shawn Steffan, Jim Polashock, Nick Vorsa, and Rod Serres for their help with different aspects of this work. This research was supported by USDA-ARS (Project # 3655-21220-001-00) funding provided to J.E.Z. NR 42 TC 33 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 17 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 124 IS 1 BP 87 EP 96 DI 10.1007/s00122-011-1689-2 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 882CP UT WOS:000299539300008 PM 21904845 ER PT J AU Ghaffary, SMT Faris, JD Friesen, TL Visser, RGF van der Lee, TAJ Robert, O Kema, GHJ AF Ghaffary, S. Mahmod Tabib Faris, Justin D. Friesen, Timothy L. Visser, Richard G. F. van der Lee, Theo A. J. Robert, Olivier Kema, Gert H. J. TI New broad-spectrum resistance to septoria tritici blotch derived from synthetic hexaploid wheat SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID MYCOSPHAERELLA GRAMINICOLA PATHOSYSTEM; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; AEGILOPS-TAUSCHII COSS.; STAGONOSPORA NODORUM BLOTCH; MULTIPLE FUNGAL PATHOGENS; GENETIC-LINKAGE MAP; BREAD WHEAT; DURABLE RESISTANCE; RUST RESISTANCE; COMMON WHEAT AB Septoria tritici blotch (STB), caused by the ascomycete Mycosphaerella graminicola, is one of the most devastating foliar diseases of wheat. We screened five synthetic hexaploid wheats (SHs), 13 wheat varieties that represent the differential set of cultivars and two susceptible checks with a global set of 20 isolates and discovered exceptionally broad STB resistance in SHs. Subsequent development and analyses of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from a cross between the SH M3 and the highly susceptible bread wheat cv. Kulm revealed two novel resistance loci on chromosomes 3D and 5A. The 3D resistance was expressed in the seedling and adult plant stages, and it controlled necrosis (N) and pycnidia (P) development as well as the latency periods of these parameters. This locus, which is closely linked to the microsatellite marker Xgwm494, was tentatively designated Stb16q and explained from 41 to 71% of the phenotypic variation at seedling stage and 28-31% in mature plants. The resistance locus on chromosome 5A was specifically expressed in the adult plant stage, associated with SSR marker Xhbg247, explained 12-32% of the variation in disease, was designated Stb17, and is the first unambiguously identified and named QTL for adult plant resistance to M. graminicola. Our results confirm that common wheat progenitors might be a rich source of new Stb resistance genes/QTLs that can be deployed in commercial breeding programs. C1 [Ghaffary, S. Mahmod Tabib; van der Lee, Theo A. J.; Kema, Gert H. J.] Plant Res Int Biointeract & Plant Hlth, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands. [Ghaffary, S. Mahmod Tabib; Visser, Richard G. F.; van der Lee, Theo A. J.; Kema, Gert H. J.] Wageningen Univ, Grad Sch Expt Plant Sci, NL-6700 AJ Wageningen, Netherlands. [Faris, Justin D.; Friesen, Timothy L.] USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Visser, Richard G. F.] Wageningen Univ, Dept Plant Breeding, NL-6700 AJ Wageningen, Netherlands. [Robert, Olivier] Florimond Desprez, Bioplante, F-59242 Cappelle En Pevele, France. RP Kema, GHJ (reprint author), Plant Res Int Biointeract & Plant Hlth, POB 16, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands. EM gert.kema@wur.nl RI Visser, Richard/B-3423-2012 OI Visser, Richard/0000-0002-0213-4016 FU Fonds de Soutien a l'Obtention Vegetale (FSOV), France; USDA-Agricultural Research Service [5442-22000-033-00D]; Agricultural Research and Education Organization (AREO) of Iran FX This project is financially supported by the Fonds de Soutien a l'Obtention Vegetale (FSOV), France and by the USDA-Agricultural Research Service CRIS project 5442-22000-033-00D. S. M. Tabib Ghaffary acknowledges partial financial support from the Agricultural Research and Education Organization (AREO) of Iran. We are grateful to Drs. Maarten van Ginkel (ICARDA), Abbas Keshavarz (Former Head of AREO-SPII) and Mohammad Reza Jalal Kamali (CIMMYT-Iran) for their role in initiating this project. We thank our colleagues Pieter Vereijken and Jacques Withage for statistical support and Els Verstappen for excellent M. graminicola maintenance and greenhouse management. NR 118 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 3 U2 35 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 124 IS 1 BP 125 EP 142 DI 10.1007/s00122-011-1692-7 PG 18 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 882CP UT WOS:000299539300011 ER PT J AU Larson, SR Kishii, M Tsujimoto, H Qi, LL Chen, PD Lazo, GR Jensen, KB Wang, RRC AF Larson, Steven R. Kishii, Masahiro Tsujimoto, Hisashi Qi, Lili Chen, Peidu Lazo, Gerard R. Jensen, Kevin B. Wang, Richard R-C TI Leymus EST linkage maps identify 4NsL-5NsL reciprocal translocation, wheat-Leymus chromosome introgressions, and functionally important gene loci SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID ACID-O-METHYLTRANSFERASE; RYEGRASS LOLIUM-PERENNE; MOLECULAR CYTOGENETIC ANALYSIS; FUSARIUM HEAD BLIGHT; SECALE-CEREALE L.; SELF-INCOMPATIBILITY; PHALARIS-COERULESCENS; GROWTH HABIT; DROUGHT TOLERANCE; DOWN-REGULATION AB Allotetraploid (2n = 4x = 28) Leymus triticoides and Leymus cinereus are divergent perennial grasses, which form fertile hybrids. Genetic maps with n = 14 linkage groups (LG) comprised with 1,583 AFLP and 67 heterologous anchor markers were previously used for mapping quantitative trait loci (QTLs) in these hybrids, and chromosomes of other Leymus wildryes have been transferred to wheat. However, identifications of the x = 7 homoeologous groups were tenuous and genetic research has been encumbered by a lack of functional, conserved gene marker sequences. Herein, we mapped 350 simple sequence repeats and 26 putative lignin biosynthesis genes from a new Leymus EST library and constructed one integrated consensus map with 799 markers, including 375 AFLPs and 48 heterologous markers, spanning 2,381 centiMorgans. LG1b and LG6b were reassigned as LG6b* and LG1b*, respectively, and LG4Ns and LG4Xm were inverted so that all 14 linkage groups are aligned to the x = 7 Triticeae chromosomes based on EST alignments to barley and other reference genomes. Amplification of 146 mapped Leymus ESTs representing six of the seven homoeologous groups was shown for 17 wheat-Leymus chromosome introgression lines. Reciprocal translocations between 4L and 5L in both Leymus and Triticum monococcum were aligned to the same regions of Brachypodium chromosome 1. A caffeic acid O-methyltransferase locus aligned to fiber QTL peaks on Leymus LG7a and brown midrib mutations of maize and sorghum. Glaucousness genes on Leymus and wheat chromosome 2 were aligned to the same region of Brachypodium chromosome 5. Markers linked to the S self-incompatibility gene on Leymus LG1a cosegregated with markers on LG2b, possibly cross-linked by gametophytic selection. Homoeologous chromosomes 1 and 2 harbor the S and Z gametophytic self-incompatibility genes of Phalaris, Secale, and Lolium, but the Leymus chromosome-2 self-incompatibility gene aligns to a different region on Brachypodium chromosome 5. Nevertheless, cosegregation of self-incompatibility genes on Leymus presents a powerful system for mapping these loci. C1 [Larson, Steven R.; Jensen, Kevin B.; Wang, Richard R-C] Utah State Univ, USDA, ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Kishii, Masahiro] Yokohama City Univ, Kihara Inst Biol Res, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2440813, Japan. [Tsujimoto, Hisashi] Tottori Univ, Arid Land Res Ctr, Tottori 6800001, Japan. [Qi, Lili] ARS, USDA, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Chen, Peidu] Nangjing Agricultureal Univ, Dept Agron, Nanjing 210095, Peoples R China. [Lazo, Gerard R.] ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Larson, SR (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA, ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM Steve.Larson@ars.usda.gov RI Lazo, Gerard/A-8900-2009; Tsujimoto, Hisashi/A-5914-2016 OI Lazo, Gerard/0000-0002-9160-2052; Tsujimoto, Hisashi/0000-0003-0203-0759 NR 80 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 124 IS 1 BP 189 EP 206 DI 10.1007/s00122-011-1698-1 PG 18 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 882CP UT WOS:000299539300016 PM 21915709 ER PT J AU Wang, GM Leonard, JM Ross, AS Peterson, CJ Zemetra, RS Campbell, KG Riera-Lizarazu, O AF Wang, Guomei Leonard, Jeffrey M. Ross, Andrew S. Peterson, C. James Zemetra, Robert S. Campbell, Kimberly Garland Riera-Lizarazu, Oscar TI Identification of genetic factors controlling kernel hardness and related traits in a recombinant inbred population derived from a soft x 'extra-soft' wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cross SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID BACKCROSS QTL ANALYSIS; GRAIN PROTEIN-CONTENT; BREAD-MAKING QUALITY; SEEDLING RESISTANCE; DWARFING GENES; SPRING WHEAT; CROWN ROT; LOCI; MARKERS; YIELD AB Kernel hardness or texture, used to classify wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) into soft and hard classes, is a major determinant of milling and baking quality. Wheat genotypes in the soft class that are termed 'extra-soft' (with kernel hardness in the lower end of the spectrum) have been associated with superior end-use quality. In order to better understand the relationship between kernel hardness, milling yield, and various agronomic traits, we performed quantitative trait mapping using a recombinant inbred line population derived from a cross between a common soft wheat line and a genotype classified as an 'extra-soft' line. A total of 47 significant quantitative trait loci (QTL) (LOD >= 3.0) were identified for nine traits with the number of QTL affecting each trait ranging from three to nine. The percentage of phenotypic variance explained by these QTL ranged from 3.7 to 50.3%. Six QTL associated with kernel hardness and break flour yield were detected on chromosomes 1BS, 4BS, 5BS, 2DS, 4DS, and 5DL. The two most important QTL were mapped onto orthologous regions on chromosomes 4DS (Xbarc1118-Rht-D1) and 4BS (Xwmc617-Rht-B1). These results indicated that the 'extra-soft' characteristic was not controlled by the Hardness (Ha) locus on chromosome 5DS. QTL for eight agronomic traits occupied two genomic regions near semi-dwarf genes Rht-D1 on chromosome 4DS and Rht-B1 on chromosome 4BS. The clustering of these QTL is either due to the pleiotropic effects of single genes or tight linkage of genes controlling these various traits. C1 [Wang, Guomei; Leonard, Jeffrey M.; Ross, Andrew S.; Peterson, C. James; Riera-Lizarazu, Oscar] Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Zemetra, Robert S.] Univ Idaho, Dept Plant Soil & Entomol Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Campbell, Kimberly Garland] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Campbell, Kimberly Garland] ARS, USDA, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Wang, GM (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, 107 Crop Sci Bldg, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM Guomei.Wang@oregonstate.edu RI Ross, Andrew/C-7488-2013 OI Ross, Andrew/0000-0003-1509-9106 FU National Research Initiative of the USDA-Coordinate State Research, Education and Extension Service [2006-55606-16629]; Oregon State University Agricultural Research Foundation; Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station; Oregon Wheat Commission FX We would like to thank Dr. C. F. Morris for providing access to the milling facilities at the USDA-ARS Western Wheat Quality Lab (Pullman, WA). Financial support from the National Research Initiative of the USDA-Coordinate State Research, Education and Extension Service (Coordinate Agricultural Project (CAP) grant number 2006-55606-16629), Oregon State University Agricultural Research Foundation, Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station, and the Oregon Wheat Commission, is greatly appreciated (All the above grants were awarded to Dr. Oscar Riera-Lizarazu while he was a faculty at Oregon State University). NR 44 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 EI 1432-2242 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 124 IS 1 BP 207 EP 221 DI 10.1007/s00122-011-1699-0 PG 15 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 882CP UT WOS:000299539300017 PM 21959906 ER PT J AU Foley, ME Chao, WS Dogramaci, M Horvath, DP Anderson, JV AF Foley, Michael E. Chao, Wun S. Dogramaci, Munevver Horvath, David P. Anderson, James V. TI Changes in the Transcriptome of Dry Leafy Spurge (Euphorbia esula) Seeds Imbibed at a Constant and Alternating Temperature SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Gene expression; germination; imbibition; microarray; weed ID ENDOGENOUS ABSCISIC-ACID; GENOME-WIDE ANALYSIS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; GENE-EXPRESSION; DORMANCY RELEASE; MESSENGER-RNA; WEED BIOLOGY; GERMINATION; GROWTH; METABOLISM AB Leafy spurge seeds are responsive to alternating temperature rather than constant temperature for germination. Transcriptome changes of dry leafy spurge seeds and seeds imbibed for 1 and 3 d at 20 C constant (C) and 20 : 30 C alternating (A) temperature were determined by microarray analysis to examine temperature responsiveness. Principal component analysis revealed differences in the transcriptome of imbibed seeds based on the temperature regime. Computational methods in bioinformatics parsed the data into overrepresented AraCyc pathways and gene regulation subnetworks providing biological context to temperature responses. After I d of imbibition, the degradation of starch and sucrose leading to anaerobic respiration were common pathways at both temperature regimes. Several overrepresented pathways unique to I d A were associated with generation of energy, reducing power, and carbon substrates; several of these pathways remained overrepresented and up-regulated at 3 d A. At 1 d C, pathways for the phytohormones jasmonic acid and brassinosteroids were uniquely overrepresented. There was little similarity in overrepresented pathways at 1 d C between leafy spurge and arabidopsis seeds, indicating species-specific effects upon imbibition of dry seeds. Overrepresented gene subnetworks at 1 d and 3 d at both temperature regimes related to signaling processes and stress responses. A major overrepresented subnetwork unique to 1 d C related to photomorphogenesis via the E3 ubiquitin ligase COP I. At 1 d A, major overrepresented subnetworks involved circadian rhythm via LHY and TOC1 proteins and expression of stress-related genes such as DREB1A, which is subject to circadian regulation. Collectively, substantial differences were observed in the transcriptome of leafy spurge seeds imbibed under conditions that affect the capacity to germinate. C1 [Foley, Michael E.; Chao, Wun S.; Dogramaci, Munevver; Horvath, David P.; Anderson, James V.] USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Weed Biol Res Unit, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. RP Foley, ME (reprint author), USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Weed Biol Res Unit, 1605 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM michael.foley@ars.usda.gov OI Anderson, James/0000-0002-1801-5767; Horvath, David/0000-0002-8458-7691 NR 72 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD JAN-MAR PY 2012 VL 60 IS 1 BP 48 EP 56 DI 10.1614/WS-D-11-00107.1 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 883XM UT WOS:000299668200008 ER PT J AU Williams, MM Schutte, BJ So, YF AF Williams, Martin M., II Schutte, Brian J. So, Yim F. TI Maternal Corn Environment Influences Wild-Proso Millet (Panicum miliaceum) Seed Characteristics SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Competition; dormancy; germinability; seed color; seed persistence; seed bank; seed production ID VELVETLEAF ABUTILON-THEOPHRASTI; FOXTAIL SETARIA-FABERI; SWEET CORN; COMPETITIVE ABILITY; GERMINATION; DORMANCY; PLANTS; WEEDS; COAT AB Modification of the cropping environment to make weed seed more susceptible to fatal germination or decay processes is based, in part, on the premise that seed longevity is affected by the crop-influenced environment in which seed is produced, hereafter, called the maternal crop environment. The objective of this investigation was to determine the influence of maternal crop environment on wild-proso millet seed production, germinability, and seed coat tone (i.e., lightness), a trait previously associated with seed longevity in wild-proso millet. Maternal corn environments were established by growing wild-proso millet plants in four morphologically different sweet corn hybrids in four replicates over 2 yr. Wild-proso millet seed was collected at sweet corn harvest, enumerated, characterized for seed coat tone, and tested for germination. Principal component factor analysis reduced six sweet corn traits measured between silking and harvest into a single maternal corn environment factor that accounted for 84% of the variation among crop canopies. Functional relationships between maternal corn environment factor scores and wild-proso millet seed characteristics were clarified by fitting linear models. For each unit decrease in maternal environment factor score, wild-proso millet seed production increased 1,535 seed m(-2), germination increased 2.2%, and seed coat tone was 1.8% lighter. These results show the size and germinability of wild-proso millet seed was highest in less-competitive maternal corn environments characterized by a short time to crop maturity and a small crop-canopy size. C1 [Williams, Martin M., II] Univ Illinois, USDA ARS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Schutte, Brian J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [So, Yim F.] Germains Seed Technol, Gilroy, CA 95020 USA. RP Williams, MM (reprint author), Univ Illinois, USDA ARS, 1102 S Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM mmwillms@illinois.edu NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 19 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD JAN-MAR PY 2012 VL 60 IS 1 BP 69 EP 74 DI 10.1614/WS-D-11-00098.1 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 883XM UT WOS:000299668200011 ER PT J AU Sabila, MH Grey, TL Webster, TM Vencill, WK Shilling, DG AF Sabila, Mercy H. Grey, Timothy L. Webster, Theodore M. Vencill, William K. Shilling, Donn G. TI Evaluation of Factors That Influence Benghal Dayflower (Commelina benghalensis) Seed Germination and Emergence SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Federal noxious weed; emergence; germination; soil depth; temperature; tropical spiderwort; weed seed ID BEGGARWEED DESMODIUM-TORTUOSUM; ENVIRONMENTAL-FACTORS; SOUTHEASTERN QUEENSLAND; PHRAGMITES-AUSTRALIS; CRITICAL PERIOD; SALT TOLERANCE; UNITED-STATES; AERIAL SEEDS; TEMPERATURE; BIOLOGY AB A perennial species in its native range of Asia and Africa, Benghal dayflower in North America establishes annually from seed. This species has the unique ability to produce aerial and subterranean flowers and seeds. Information on how various environmental factors affect Benghal dayflower aerial and subterranean seed germination and emergence in the United States is lacking. Studies were conducted to determine the effect of temperature, planting depth, salt concentration, and pre-emergence herbicides on germination or emergence of aerial and subterranean Benghal dayflower seed. Maximum aerial seed germination occurred at 30 C, whereas maximum subterranean seed germination occurred at 30 and 35 C. Germination at 40 C was delayed relative to optimum temperatures. The seed coats in this study were mechanically disrupted to evaluate the response of seeds to temperature in the absence of physical dormancy. The physical dormancy imposed by the seed coat could require additional study. Benghal dayflower was not tolerant to >= 10 mM NaCl, indicating that this exotic species is not likely to become problematic in brackish marshes and wetlands of coastal plain regions. There was an inverse linear response of Benghal dayflower emergence and planting depth, with no emergence occurring at a planting depth of 12 cm. A field survey of Benghal dayflower emergence revealed that 42% of plants established from a depth of 1 cm in the soil profile, with 7 cm being the maximum depth from which seedlings plants could emerge. This suggests that PRE herbicides must remain in the relatively shallow depths of the soil profile to maximize control of germinating seedlings. Subterranean seeds were less sensitive than aerial seeds to S-metolachlor, the primary means of controlling this species in cotton. There were no differences between the germination of aerial and subterranean seed in response to treatment with diclosulam. C1 [Grey, Timothy L.] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Sabila, Mercy H.; Vencill, William K.; Shilling, Donn G.] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Webster, Theodore M.] USDA ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. RP Grey, TL (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM tgrey@uga.edu RI Webster, Theodore/A-4468-2009; Vencill, William/K-7748-2015 OI Webster, Theodore/0000-0002-8259-2059; Vencill, William/0000-0001-7233-4534 FU USDA-APHIS FX The authors wish to thank Aaron Wise, Charlie Hilton, and Thomas Sklany for their technical assistance with this research. This research was made possible in part by funding of a USDA-APHIS grant. NR 59 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 18 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD JAN-MAR PY 2012 VL 60 IS 1 BP 75 EP 80 DI 10.1614/WS-D-11-00064.1 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 883XM UT WOS:000299668200012 ER PT J AU Barnett, KA Sprague, CL Kirk, WW Hanson, LE AF Barnett, Kelly A. Sprague, Christy L. Kirk, William W. Hanson, Linda E. TI Influence of Glyphosate on Rhizoctonia Crown and Root Rot (Rhizoctonia solani) in Glyphosate-Resistant Sugarbeet SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Glyphosate-resistant crops; standard-split; disease severity; Roundup Ready (R) ID SUDDEN-DEATH-SYNDROME; HERBICIDE GLYPHOSATE; GROWTH; CROPS; WHEAT AB Previous greenhouse studies with a noncommercial glyphosate-resistant sugarbeet variety indicated that susceptibility to Rhizoctonia crown and root rot could increase after glyphosate was applied. Greenhouse and field experiments were conducted in 2008 and 2009 to determine if glyphosate influenced disease severity in potential commercially available varieties of glyphosate-resistant sugarbeet. In the first greenhouse experiment in 2008, Hilleshog 9027RR, the most tolerant variety to Rhizoctonia crown and root rot, exhibited an increase in disease severity when glyphosate was applied. There were no significant differences between herbicide treatments in Hilleshog 9028RR, and glyphosate decreased disease severity in Hilleshog 9032RR when compared with the no-herbicide treatment. Experiments conducted to determine if glyphosate influenced Rhizoctonia solani growth in vitro indicated that glyphosate did not increase the radial growth of R. solani, except at 10x (190 mu g ae ml(-1)) the normal rate of glyphosate plus ammonium sulfate (AMS). Field and additional greenhouse experiments were conducted using four commercial varieties. Differences in disease severity were observed when comparing varieties, but glyphosate did not significantly influence the severity of Rhizoctonia crown and root rot when compared with the no-herbicide control. Choosing a glyphosate-resistant sugarbeet variety with the best demonstrated tolerance to Rhizoctonia crown and root rot is an important factor in reducing disease severity and maintaining sugarbeet yield. C1 [Barnett, Kelly A.; Sprague, Christy L.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Kirk, William W.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Hanson, Linda E.] Michigan State Univ, USDA ARS, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Sprague, CL (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM spraguel@msu.edu FU Michigan Sugar Company; Michigan State University FX The authors would like to thank Tom Goodwill and Gary Powell for their technical assistance in completing this research. Additional thanks to Michigan Sugar Company and Project GREEEN at Michigan State University for support and financial funding of this research. NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD JAN-MAR PY 2012 VL 60 IS 1 BP 113 EP 120 DI 10.1614/WS-D-11-00027.1 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 883XM UT WOS:000299668200019 ER PT J AU Gealy, DR Moldenhauer, KAK AF Gealy, David R. Moldenhauer, Karen A. K. TI Use of C-13 Isotope Discrimination Analysis to Quantify Distribution of Barnyardgrass and Rice Roots in a Four-Year Study of Weed-Suppressive Rice SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE C-13/C-12 isotope ratio; delta C-13; C-13 depletion; C-3 photosynthetic pathway; C-4 photosynthetic pathway; crop-weed interference; crop-weed root distribution; allelopathic rice; indica rice ID ECHINOCHLOA-CRUS-GALLI; WATER-SEEDED RICE; ORYZA-SATIVA L.; SHOOT COMPETITION; RELATIVE IMPORTANCE; USE EFFICIENCY; UPLAND RICE; ALLELOPATHY; CARBON; MANAGEMENT AB In a 4-yr field study, "weed suppressive" rice cultivars provided 30% greater control of barnyardgrass and sustained 44% less yield loss (relative to weed-free) compared to "nonsuppressive" tropical japonica rice cultivars. C-13 analysis revealed that rice root mass predominated vertically and laterally within the soil profile of plots infested with barnyardgrass. Among all cultivars, rice roots accounted for 75 to 90% of the total root mass in samples, and this was most concentrated in the surface 5 cm of soil in the row. Barnyardgrass roots were most prevalent in the surface 5 cm between rows where they accounted for 30% of total root mass. Overall, barnyardgrass root mass was about twice as high in nonsuppressive rice compared to suppressive rice. Weed suppression by indica/tropical japonica rice crosses generally was intermediate between that of the other two rice groups. At the 0- to 5-cm depth, between-rows, barnyardgrass root mass was correlated negatively with rice height (r = -0.424), yield (r = -0.306), and weed control ratings (r = -0.524) in weedy plots. Control ratings in weedy plots also were negatively correlated with rice percent height reduction (r = -0.415) and % yield loss (r = -0.747) relative to weed-free plots, and with barnyardgrass root mass as a percent of total root mass (r = -0.612). Control ratings were positively correlated with rice yield under weed pressure (r = 0.429) but were correlated with rice root mass in-rows only (r = -0.322). Clearly, rice root mass could not have been the major cause of the differences in barnyardgrass control between cultivars. C1 [Gealy, David R.] USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Moldenhauer, Karen A. K.] Univ Arkansas, Div Agr, Rice Res & Extens Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. RP Gealy, DR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. EM david.gealy@ars.usda.gov FU Arkansas Rice Research and Promotion Board FX Thanks to Howard Black for his invaluable technical assistance; Adam Davis, Gordon Miller, Jim Gignac, and Kenneth Hale for plant sampling, cleaning, and grinding; Erik Pollock with the University of Arkansas Stable Isotope Laboratory, Fayetteville, AR (http://biology.uark.edu/uasil/home.html) for conducting 13C isotope discrimination analyses; Sara Duke, USDA-ARS, for statistical analyses and advice; and the Arkansas Rice Research and Promotion Board for partial funding of this research. NR 63 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 6 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD JAN-MAR PY 2012 VL 60 IS 1 BP 133 EP 142 DI 10.1614/WS-D-10-00145.1 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 883XM UT WOS:000299668200022 ER PT J AU Wang, JP Ren, ZH Xu, YM Xiao, S Meydani, SN Wu, DY AF Wang, Junpeng Ren, Zhihong Xu, Yanmei Xiao, Sheng Meydani, Simin N. Wu, Dayong TI Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Ameliorates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis by Altering Balance among CD4(+) T-Cell Subsets SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EXPERIMENTAL ALLERGIC ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; GALLATE EGCG PREPARATIONS; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; NF-KAPPA-B; INTERCELLULAR-ADHESION MOLECULE-1; HUMAN SJOGRENS-SYNDROME; GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; GREEN TEA; MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS AB The green tea component epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) may be beneficial in autoimmune diseases; however, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. In this study, we determined the effect of EGCG on the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, an animal model for human multiple sclerosis, and the underlying mechanisms. Female C57BL/6 mice were fed EGCG (0%, 0.15%, 0.3%, and 0.6% in diet) for 30 days and then immunized with specific antigen myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein 35-55. EGCG dose dependently attenuated clinical symptoms and pathological features (leukocyte infiltration and demyelination) in the central nervous system and inhibited antigen-specific T-cell proliferation and delayed-type hypersensitivity skin response. We further showed that EGCG reduced production of interferon-gamma, IL-17, IL-6, IL-1 beta, and tumor necrosis factor-a; decreased types 1 and 17 helper T cells (Th1 and Th17, respectively); and increased regulatory T-cell populations in lymph nodes, the spleen, and the central nervous system. Moreover, EGCG inhibited expression of transcription factors T-box expressed in T cells and retinoid-related orphan receptor-gamma t, the specific transcription factor for Thl and Th17 differentiation, respectively; the plasma levels of intercellular adhesion molecule 1; and CCR6 expression in CD4(+) T cells: These results indicate that EGCG may attenuate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis autoimmune response by inhibiting immune cell infiltration and modulating the balance among pro- and anti-autoimmune CD4(+) T-cell subsets. Thus, we identified a novel mechanism that underlies EGCG's beneficial effect in autoimmune disease. (Am J Pathol 2012, 180:221-234; DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.09.007) C1 [Wang, Junpeng; Ren, Zhihong; Xu, Yanmei; Meydani, Simin N.; Wu, Dayong] Tufts Univ, Nutr Immunol Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Meydani, Simin N.] Tufts Univ, Sackler Grad Sch Biochem Sci, Dept Pathol, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Xiao, Sheng] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Ctr Neurol Dis, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. RP Wu, DY (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Nutr Immunol Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM dayong.wu@tufts.edu FU US Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agriculture Research Service [58-1950-7-707]; USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2010-65200-20360] FX Supported by a contract from the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agriculture Research Service (58-1950-7-707 to S.N.M.) and a grant from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (2010-65200-20360 to D.M.). NR 70 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9440 J9 AM J PATHOL JI Am. J. Pathol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 180 IS 1 BP 221 EP 234 DI 10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.09.007 PG 14 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 874RO UT WOS:000298976000023 PM 22056360 ER PT J AU Page, AF Minocha, R Minocha, SC AF Page, Andrew F. Minocha, Rakesh Minocha, Subhash C. TI Living with high putrescine: expression of ornithine and arginine biosynthetic pathway genes in high and low putrescine producing poplar cells SO AMINO ACIDS LA English DT Article DE Arginine biosynthesis; Ornithine biosynthesis; Gene expression; Polyamines; Reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction; Hierarchical clustering ID BASIC-AMINO-ACIDS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; ACETYLGLUTAMATE KINASE; N-ACETYLGLUTAMATE; STARCH METABOLISM; ENCODING ENZYMES; DROUGHT STRESS; HYBRID POPLAR; POLYAMINE; POPULUS AB Arginine (Arg) and ornithine (Orn), both derived from glutamate (Glu), are the primary substrates for polyamine (PA) biosynthesis, and also play important roles as substrates and intermediates of overall N metabolism in plants. Their cellular homeostasis is subject to multiple levels of regulation. Using reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), we studied changes in the expression of all genes of the Orn/Arg biosynthetic pathway in response to up-regulation [via transgenic expression of mouse Orn decarboxylase (mODC)] of PA biosynthesis in poplar (Populus nigra x maximowiczii) cells grown in culture. Cloning and sequencing of poplar genes involved in the Orn/Arg biosynthetic pathway showed that they have high homology with similar genes in other plants. The expression of the genes of Orn, Arg and PA biosynthetic pathway fell into two hierarchical clusters; expression of one did not change in response to high putrescine, while members of the other cluster showed a shift in expression pattern during the 7-day culture cycle. Gene expression of branch point enzymes (N-acetyl-Glu synthase, Orn aminotransferase, Arg decarboxylase, and spermidine synthase) in the sub-pathways, constituted a separate cluster from those involved in intermediary reactions of the pathway (N-acetyl-Glu kinase, N-acetyl-Glu-5-P reductase, N-acetyl-Orn aminotransferase, N (2)-acetylOrn:N-acetyl-Glu acetyltransferase, N (2)-acetyl-Orn deacetylase, Orn transcarbamylase, argininosuccinate synthase, carbamoylphosphate synthetase, argininosuccinate lyase, S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase, spermine synthase). We postulate that expression of all genes of the Glu-Orn-Arg pathway is constitutively coordinated and is not influenced by the increase in flux rate through this pathway in response to increased utilization of Orn by mODC; thus the pathway involves mostly biochemical regulation rather than changes in gene expression. We further suggest that Orn itself plays a major role in the regulation of this pathway. C1 [Page, Andrew F.; Minocha, Subhash C.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Biol Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Minocha, Rakesh] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Minocha, SC (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Dept Biol Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM andrew.page@unh.edu; rminocha@unh.edu; sminocha@unh.edu FU USDA-NRI [2002-35318-12674]; NH Agricultural Experiment Station; US Forest Service, Northern Research Station FX The authors are thankful to Dr. Karen Carlton for help in the RT-qPCR and to the UNH Hubbard Genome Center for sequencing. This work was partially supported by the USDA-NRI award # 2002-35318-12674, the NH Agricultural Experiment Station, and the US Forest Service, Northern Research Station. NR 52 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0939-4451 J9 AMINO ACIDS JI Amino Acids PD JAN PY 2012 VL 42 IS 1 BP 295 EP 308 DI 10.1007/s00726-010-0807-9 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 870BR UT WOS:000298644600025 PM 21082203 ER PT J AU Straus, DL Mitchell, AJ Carter, RR Steeby, JA AF Straus, David L. Mitchell, Andrew J. Carter, Ray R. Steeby, James A. TI Hatch rate of channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque 1818) eggs treated with 100 mg L-1 copper sulphate pentahydrate SO AQUACULTURE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE channel catfish eggs; copper sulphate pentahydrate; hatch rate ID HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; FUNGUS; WARM AB Catfish hatcheries use copper sulphate pentahydrate (CuSO4.5H2O) as an economical control for saprolegniasis on eggs. This study determines hatch rate of channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque 1818), eggs in hatching troughs containing 23.8 degrees C flow-through well water when treated with 100 mg L-1 CuSO4.5H2O (10 times the proposed therapeutic dose). Eggs were treated daily until the embryos reached the eyed stage. Fry survival in the control and 100 mg L-1 CuSO4.H2O treatments was significantly different (15% and 71% respectively). This study demonstrates that there is a considerable margin of safety in using CuSO4.5H2O as a catfish egg treatment to control saprolegniasis. C1 [Straus, David L.; Mitchell, Andrew J.; Carter, Ray R.] ARS, USDA, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Steeby, James A.] Mississippi State Univ, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Belzoni, MS USA. RP Straus, DL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, POB 1050, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. EM dave.straus@ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1355-557X J9 AQUAC RES JI Aquac. Res. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 43 IS 1 BP 14 EP 18 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2109.2010.02791.x PG 5 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 862KZ UT WOS:000298090900002 ER PT J AU Zimba, PV Schrader, KK Hyldig, G Strobel, BW Jorgensen, NOG AF Zimba, Paul V. Schrader, Kevin K. Hyldig, Grethe Strobel, Bjarne W. Jorgensen, Niels O. G. TI Evaluation of geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol off-flavour in smoked rainbow trout fillets using instrumental and sensory analyses SO AQUACULTURE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE geosmin; 2-methylisoborneol; off-flavour; rainbow trout ID CHANNEL CATFISH; ONCHORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; WATER; ODOR; AQUACULTURE; EXTRACTION; SYSTEM C1 [Jorgensen, Niels O. G.] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Agr & Ecol, DK-1871 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Zimba, Paul V.] Texas A&M Univ, Ctr Coastal Studies, Corpus Christi, TX USA. [Schrader, Kevin K.] USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, Thad Cochran Res Ctr, University, MS USA. [Hyldig, Grethe] Tech Univ Denmark, Natl Food Inst, Div Seafood Res, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Strobel, Bjarne W.] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Basic Sci & Environm, DK-1871 Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Jorgensen, NOG (reprint author), Univ Copenhagen, Dept Agr & Ecol, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Copenhagen, Denmark. EM nogj@life.ku.dk RI Strobel, Bjarne/E-8980-2010; Zimba, Paul/O-2778-2013; Jorgensen, Niels/G-4176-2014 OI Strobel, Bjarne/0000-0001-9680-1715; Jorgensen, Niels/0000-0002-3554-6906 FU Danish Food Industry Agency [3310-06-00121] FX We thank Agustson-Hevico for providing the smoked fish fillets. Veterinarian Niels H. Henriksen, Danish Aquaculture Association, kindly provided information on RAS in Denmark. The technical assistance of Dewayne Harries and Phaedra Page is greatly appreciated. The study was supported by The Danish Food Industry Agency, grant No. 3310-06-00121, to NOGJ. NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1355-557X J9 AQUAC RES JI Aquac. Res. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 43 IS 1 BP 149 EP 153 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2109.2011.02795.x PG 5 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 862KZ UT WOS:000298090900017 ER PT J AU Larkin, CC Kwit, C Wunderle, JM Helmer, EH Stevens, MHH Roberts, MTK Ewert, DN AF Larkin, Claire C. Kwit, Charles Wunderle, Joseph M., Jr. Helmer, Eileen H. Stevens, M. Henry H. Roberts, Montara T. K. Ewert, David N. TI Disturbance Type and Plant Successional Communities in Bahamian Dry Forests SO BIOTROPICA LA English DT Article DE Bahamas; coppice; dry evergreen forest; fire; goat grazing; Kirtland's Warbler; succession ID SPECIES-DIVERSITY; TROPICAL FORESTS; ANDROS ISLAND; FERAL GOATS; OLD-FIELD; VEGETATION; CATTLE; FIRE; ARCHIPELAGO; ECOSYSTEMS AB Different disturbances in similar habitats can produce unique successional assemblages of plants. We collected plant species composition and cover data to investigate the effects of three common types of disturbancesfire, anthropogenic clearing (cleared), and clearing followed by goat grazing (cleared-and-grazed)on early-successional coppice (dry forest) community structure and development on Eleuthera, Bahamas. For each disturbance type, both the ground layer (<0.5 m height) and shrub layer (>0.5 m height) were sampled in eight patches (>1 ha) of varying age (128 yr) since large-scale mature coppice disturbance. Overall, plant communities differed among disturbance types; several common species had significantly higher cover in the shrub layer of fire patches, and cleared-and-grazed patches exhibited higher woody ground cover. Total percent cover in the shrub layer increased in a similar linear fashion along the investigated chronosequence of each disturbance type; however, cover of the common tree species, Bursera simaruba, increased at a notably slower rate in cleared-and-grazed patches. The pattern of increase and subsequent decrease in cover of Lantana spp. and Zanthoxylum fagara in the shrub layer was characterized by longer persistence and higher covers, respectively, in cleared-and-grazed patches, which also exhibited low peak cover and fast decline of nonwoody ground cover. Our results suggest that goats may accelerate some aspects of succession (e.g., quickly removing nonwoody ground cover) and retard other aspects (e.g., inhibiting growth of tree species and maintaining early-successional shrubs in the shrub layer). These effects may lead to different successional trajectories, and have important conservation implications. C1 [Larkin, Claire C.; Kwit, Charles; Stevens, M. Henry H.] Miami Univ, Dept Bot, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. [Kwit, Charles] Wittenberg Univ, Dept Biol, Springfield, OH 45501 USA. [Roberts, Montara T. K.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Ewert, David N.] Nature Conservancy, Lansing, MI 48906 USA. [Wunderle, Joseph M., Jr.; Helmer, Eileen H.] US Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, USDA, Sabana Field Res Stn, Luquillo, PR 00773 USA. RP Kwit, C (reprint author), Miami Univ, Dept Bot, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. EM ckwit@utk.edu FU International Institute of Tropical Forestry; Miami University; Department of Botany, Miami University; USDA Forest Service; Nature Conservancy FX We thank K. Reichenbach and D. Carey for their help in the field. We are grateful for assistance provided by E. Carey and the Bahamas National Trust, E. Phillips and The Nature Conservancy-the Bahamas, and M. Vincent and J. Hickey. We also thank G. Fleming, J. White, and J. O'Brien for their input throughout the project, T. Crist and B. Schussler for helping with manuscript revisions, and S. Otterstrom and three anonymous reviewers for their informative comments and suggestions. This research was supported by a cooperative agreement between the International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service and Miami University, and an Academic Challenge grant to the lead author from the Department of Botany, Miami University. This work was conducted in cooperation with the Kirtland's Warbler Research and Training project funded by International Programs of the USDA Forest Service and The Nature Conservancy. NR 45 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 20 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0006-3606 J9 BIOTROPICA JI Biotropica PD JAN PY 2012 VL 44 IS 1 BP 10 EP 18 DI 10.1111/j.1744-7429.2011.00771.x PG 9 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 874GW UT WOS:000298944400003 ER PT J AU Zwolak, R Pearson, DE Ortega, YK Crone, EE AF Zwolak, R. Pearson, D. E. Ortega, Y. K. Crone, E. E. TI Mechanisms driving postfire abundance of a generalist mammal SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE ZOOLOGIE LA English DT Article ID SMALL RODENT POPULATIONS; HABITAT SELECTION; PREDATION RISK; SEED PREDATION; BOREAL FOREST; PINE FORESTS; PEROMYSCUS-MANICULATUS; STRUCTURAL COMPLEXITY; FOOD-HABITS; EXTRA FOOD AB Changes in vertebrate abundance following disturbance are commonly attributed to shifts in food resources or predation pressure, but underlying mechanisms have rarely been tested. We examined four hypotheses for the commonly reported increase in abundance of deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus (Wagner, 1845)) following forest fires: source sink dynamics, decreased predation, increased food resources, and increased foraging efficiency. We found that reproduction of deer mouse was considerably higher in burned versus unburned forests and survival did not differ between habitats, indicating that burned forests were not sink habitats. Comparable survival also suggested that predation rates were similar between habitats. Increased reproduction in burned versus unburned forest suggested better resource conditions, but abundance of seeds and arthropods (the primary food resources for mice) either did not differ between habitats or were higher overall in unburned forest. Foraging experiments indicated that seed removal from depots was substantially higher in burned versus unburned forests after controlling for mouse density. Additionally, in both habitats, mice were captured more often in open microhabitats and the odds of individual insect removal increased with decreasing cover during certain sampling periods. Of the four hypotheses tested, greater foraging efficiency provided the best explanation for elevated populations of deer mouse. However, predation risk may have influenced foraging success. C1 [Zwolak, R.; Pearson, D. E.; Ortega, Y. K.] Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Pearson, D. E.; Ortega, Y. K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. [Crone, E. E.] Univ Montana, Wildlife Biol Program, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. RP Zwolak, R (reprint author), Adam Mickiewicz Univ Poznan, Fac Biol, Inst Environm Biol, Dept Systemat Zool, Umultowska 89, PL-61614 Poznan, Poland. EM rafal.zwolak@gmail.com RI Zwolak, Rafal/E-6578-2011 OI Zwolak, Rafal/0000-0002-7665-5033 FU USDA Forest Service; Rocky Mountain Research Station; Bitterroot Ecosystem Management Research Project; McIntire-Stennis Co-operative Research Program; National Science Foundation (NSF) [DEB 05-15756] FX We thank L.A. Reynolds and many other University of Montana students for field assistance. R.L. Hutto, K.S. McKelvey, L.S. Mills, and two anonymous reviewers made useful comments on an earlier draft of the manuscript. This project was funded by grants from the USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Bitterroot Ecosystem Management Research Project and the McIntire-Stennis Co-operative Research Program; work was conducted while E. Crone was supported by National Science Foundation (NSF) grant DEB 05-15756. NR 77 TC 10 Z9 13 U1 6 U2 44 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0008-4301 J9 CAN J ZOOL JI Can. J. Zool.-Rev. Can. Zool. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 90 IS 1 BP 51 EP 60 DI 10.1139/Z11-111 PG 10 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 880XL UT WOS:000299443200006 ER PT J AU Wang, B Guo, CL Chen, GJ Park, B Xu, BQ AF Wang, Bin Guo, Cunlan Chen, Guojun Park, Bosoon Xu, Bingqian TI Following aptamer-ricin specific binding by single molecule recognition and force spectroscopy measurements SO CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID IN-VITRO SELECTION; DNA; DIAGNOSTICS; MICROSCOPY; HADDOCK; LIGANDS; DOCKING AB Single molecule recognition imaging and dynamic force spectroscopy (DFS) analysis showed strong binding affinity between an aptamer and ricin, which was comparable with antibody-ricin interaction. Molecular simulation showed a ricin binding conformation with aptamers and gave different ricin conformations immobilizing on substrates that were consistent with AFM images. C1 [Wang, Bin; Guo, Cunlan; Chen, Guojun; Xu, Bingqian] Univ Georgia, Single Mol Study Lab, Fac Engn, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Wang, Bin; Guo, Cunlan; Chen, Guojun; Xu, Bingqian] Univ Georgia, Nanoscale Sci & Engn Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Park, Bosoon] USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Xu, BQ (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Single Mol Study Lab, Fac Engn, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM bxu@engr.uga.edu RI Guo, Cunlan/E-8077-2011 FU National Science Foundation [ECCS 0823849] FX We thank Drs Robert Woods and Lachele Foley for guidance in the modeling using AMBER software and National Science Foundation (ECCS 0823849) for support of this research. NR 26 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 60 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1359-7345 J9 CHEM COMMUN JI Chem. Commun. PY 2012 VL 48 IS 11 BP 1644 EP 1646 DI 10.1039/c1cc15644f PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 875RW UT WOS:000299053400005 PM 22076867 ER PT J AU Carleton, RE Mertins, JW Yabsley, MJ AF Carleton, Renee E. Mertins, James W. Yabsley, Michael J. TI Parasites and Pathogens of Eastern Bluebirds (Sialia sialis): A Field Survey of a Population Nesting Within a Grass-Dominated Agricultural Habitat in Georgia, U.S.A., with a Review of Previous Records SO COMPARATIVE PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Acanthocephala; Atoxoplasma; Carnus floridensis; Haenwproteus; nematode; PCR; Plagiorhynchus cylindraceus; Plasmodium; Sarcocystis ID SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; BLOWFLY PARASITISM; TICK PARALYSIS; SARCOCYSTIS-FALCATULA; AMERICAN BIRDS; NORTH-AMERICA; NEW-YORK; GENUS; ACARI; SIPHONAPTERA AB The parasite community associated with a population of eastern bluebirds (Sialia sialis) nesting in a grassdominated habitat in northern Georgia, U.S.A., was surveyed by live examination of adults and nestlings; examination of feces, nesting materials, and blood smears; necropsy; and polymerase chain reaction techniques. During the course of 5 breeding seasons, we found 10 macroparasite species, which included I tick species (lxodes brunneus), 1 louse species (Philopterus sialii), 1 species of hematophagous mite (Dermanvssus prognephilus), and 5 other species not previously reported from eastern bluebirds, including an acanthocephalan (Plagiorhynchus cylindraceus), a species of strongyloid nematode, a cestode (Hymenolepis sp.), a nestling bird fly (Carnus floridensis), and a nest mite (Campephilocoptes sp.); a description of feather mites associated with the population was not included in this report. Overall prevalence of macroparasites was 16.1%. We also detected 5 species of protistan parasites, including Haemoproteus fallisi, Plasmodium relic/urn, Trypanosoma avium, and 2 others, an Atoxoplasma sp. and a Sarcocystis sp., which represent new host parasite records. One bird tested positive for West Nile virus and for St. Louis encephalitis virus. More than 50% of the birds examined were infected with 1 or more microparasites. Prevalence of microparasites varied by examination method employed. An updated list of known parasites of eastern bluebirds gathered from published literature and database searches is provided. C1 [Carleton, Renee E.] Berry Coll, Sch Math & Nat Sci, Dept Biol, Mt Berry, GA 30149 USA. [Mertins, James W.] Vet Serv, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Yabsley, Michael J.] Coll Vet Med, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Dept Populat Hlth, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Yabsley, Michael J.] Coll Vet Med, SE Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Carleton, RE (reprint author), Berry Coll, Sch Math & Nat Sci, Dept Biol, 2277 Martha Berry Highway, Mt Berry, GA 30149 USA. EM rcarleton@berry.edu; James.W.Menins@aphis.usda.gov; myabsley@uga.edu FU National Science Foundation Research Experience for Undergraduates; Georgia Ornithological Society FX This study was supported in part by mentor support funding from the National Science Foundation Research Experience for Undergraduates and an H. Branch Howe, Jr., Research Grant provided by the Georgia Ornithological Society. Research results from the years 2004 through 2006 reported here were part of a dissertation submitted by R.E.C. in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Ph.D. degree at the University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, U.S.A. We thank Berry College, Mount Berry, Georgia, U.S.A., for access to the study areas; A. Watson, B. Daniels, H. Pruett, J. Christian, and G. Hightower for their assistance in monitoring nest boxes and nest examinations. All sample collections and animal procedures were carried out under approval of the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Berry College and federal and state scientific collection permits. Dr. Andrew Allison and staff members of the Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study graciously assisted in parasite identification, plaque reduction neutralization testing, and PCR procedures. We also thank Dr. Heather Proctor for her assistance with nest mite identification. Able library assistance was provided by J. Alfred and J. Eifling. Deepest gratitude is also extended to S. Schweitzer and 2 anonymous reviewers for suggestions regarding this manuscript. NR 118 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 18 PU HELMINTHOLOGICAL SOC WASHINGTON PI LAWRENCE PA C/O ALLEN PRESS INC, 1041 NEW HAMPSHIRE ST, ACCT# 141866, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 1525-2647 EI 1938-2952 J9 COMP PARASITOL JI Comp. Parasitol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 79 IS 1 BP 30 EP 43 PG 14 WC Parasitology; Zoology SC Parasitology; Zoology GA 879VF UT WOS:000299360300006 ER PT J AU Kogut, MH Genovese, KJ Nerren, JR He, H AF Kogut, M. H. Genovese, K. J. Nerren, J. R. He, H. TI Effects of avian triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM-A1) activation on heterophil functional activities SO DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Chickens; Heterophils; Triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells; Innate immunity ID CHEMOKINE GENE-EXPRESSION; BLOOD MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS; CHICKEN HETEROPHILS; OXIDATIVE BURST; INFLAMMATORY RESPONSES; DIFFERENTIAL REGULATION; SIGNALING PATHWAYS; NEONATAL CHICKEN; UP-REGULATION AB A class of innate receptors called the triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells (TREM) has been discovered and shown to be involved in innate inflammatory responses. The TREM family has been found in the chicken genome and consists of one activating gene (TREM-A1) and two inhibitory genes (TREM-B1 and TREM-B2). However, to date, there have been no reports on the effects of activating the TREM molecules on the functional activity of the primary avian polymorphonuclear cell, the heterophil. To characterize the activation of avian heterophils, we evaluated the effect of receptor ligation on heterophil effector functions. A specific agonistic antibody (Ab) was generated against the peptide sequence of chicken TREM-A1 38-51aa (YNPRQQRWREKSWC). To study TREM-A1 mediated activation, purified peripheral blood heterophils were incubated with various concentrations of the anti-TREM-A1 Ab or control Ab against an irrelevant antigen. Activation via TREM-A1 induces a significant increase in phagocytosis of Salmonella enteritidis, a rapid degranulation, and a dramatic up-regulation in gene expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine. IL-6, and the inflammatory chemokine, CXCLi2. However, we found no direct TREM-A1 stimulation of the heterophil oxidative burst. Like mammalian TREM, avian TREM-A1 ligation synergizes with the activation of Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) ligand, LPS. In addition, the synergistic activity of LPS and TREM-A1 resulted in a significantly (p <= 0.05) increased production of an oxidative burst. Taken together, these results suggest, unlike in mammalian neutrophils, TREM-A1 engagement activates a differential functional activation of avian heterophils, but like mammalian neutrophils, acts in synergy with TLR agonists. These results provide evidence of the function of TREM-A1 in heterophil biology and avian innate immunity. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Kogut, M. H.; Genovese, K. J.; Nerren, J. R.; He, H.] USDA ARS, SPARC, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Kogut, MH (reprint author), USDA ARS, SPARC, 2881 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM kogut@ffsru.tamu.edu NR 40 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0145-305X J9 DEV COMP IMMUNOL JI Dev. Comp. Immunol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 36 IS 1 BP 157 EP 165 DI 10.1016/j.dci.2011.06.015 PG 9 WC Immunology; Zoology SC Immunology; Zoology GA 880FM UT WOS:000299390300017 PM 21767563 ER PT J AU Horowitz, JK AF Horowitz, John K. TI Environmental Economics, Experimental Methods SO ECONOMICA LA English DT Book Review C1 [Horowitz, John K.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Horowitz, John K.] USDA, Washington, DC USA. RP Horowitz, JK (reprint author), Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0013-0427 J9 ECONOMICA JI Economica PD JAN PY 2012 VL 79 IS 313 BP 204 EP 205 DI 10.1111/j.1468-0335.2011.00880.x PG 2 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA 862BD UT WOS:000298063900012 ER PT J AU Kenar, JA AF Kenar, James A. TI Thermal characteristics of oleochemical carbonate binary mixtures for potential latent heat storage SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF LIPID SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Dialkyl carbonates; Differential scanning calorimetry; Latent heat; Oleochemical carbonates; Phase change material ID PHASE-CHANGE MATERIALS; ENERGY-STORAGE; ACID MIXTURE; FATTY-ACIDS; TEMPERATURE; BUILDINGS; ESTERS; CHAIN; PCM AB The thermal properties for binary mixtures at various weight fraction ratios between dodecyl carbonate (1a), tetradecyl carbonate (1b), hexadecyl carbonate (1c), and octadecyl carbonate (1d) were examined by DSC at 0.5, 1.0, and 5.0 degrees C/min. At 5 degrees C/min sharp well defined phase transitions were observed at 80:20, 88:12, and 90:10, for 1a:(1b, 1c, and 1d), respectively, at 74:26 and 80:20 for 1b:(1c, and 1d), respectively, and at 82.5:17 for 1c:1d. The melting and solidification temperatures for these mixtures ranged between 1237 degrees C (melting) and 834 degrees C (solidification). The latent heat of melting and solidification determined for the binary carbonate mixtures ranged between 135 and 175 J/g. At 0.5 or 1.0 degrees C/min, mixtures of 1a:(1b, 1c, and 1d) and 1b:1d melted and solidified similarly when run at 5 degrees C/min while the melting curves for 1b:1c and 1c:1d were not as well defined. These carbonate mixtures extend the thermal properties of the pure oleochemical carbonates and compliment other biobased phase change materials (PCMs) substances such as fatty acids, esters, and alcohols and may provide useful biobased alternatives to paraffin wax and salt hydrate PCM currently dominating the market. C1 [Kenar, James A.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Res Utilizat, Peoria, IL USA. RP Kenar, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS NCAUR, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM jim.kenar@ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1438-7697 J9 EUR J LIPID SCI TECH JI Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 114 IS 1 BP 63 EP 70 DI 10.1002/ejlt.201100043 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 874TS UT WOS:000298981600008 ER PT J AU Schmidt, JL Castellanos-Brown, K Childress, S Bonhomme, N Oktay, JS Terry, SF Kyler, P Davidoff, A Greene, C AF Schmidt, Johanna L. Castellanos-Brown, Karen Childress, Saltanat Bonhomme, Natasha Oktay, Julianne S. Terry, Sharon F. Kyler, Penny Davidoff, Amy Greene, Carol TI The impact of false-positive newborn screening results on families: a qualitative study SO GENETICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE communication; false-positive; newborn screening; parental stress; qualitative ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; COMMUNICATION; DISORDERS; PARENTS; TESTS AB Purpose: Newborn screening leads to improved treatment and disease outcomes, but false-positive newborn screening results may cause distress for parents. The purpose of this study was to describe the experiences of families who receive a false-positive newborn screening result in an attempt to discover ways to help improve the newborn screening communication process for families. Methods: This was a qualitative study using two methods of data collection: in-depth, semistructured interviews and focus groups. Participants (N = 27) were parents whose children (ages 6-16 months) underwent follow-up testing after newborn screening and whose follow-up test results indicated that the newborn screening result was a false-positive. Results: Our analysis found that parents who have a false-positive newborn screening result experience five distinct stages. Most parents did not report long-term negative impacts of the experience, but some experienced some residual worry. Participants described effective provider communication as key in mitigating stress. Some parents identified the experience as leading to positive outcomes. Conclusion: Identifying best practices for communication between the health care providers and parents is an essential component in improving the newborn screening process. Further research is needed to discover best practices for communication to minimize potential harm and maximize the benefits of newborn screening. C1 [Greene, Carol] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Div Human Genet, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Schmidt, Johanna L.] Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Washington, DC 20010 USA. [Schmidt, Johanna L.] Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Med Genet Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20010 USA. [Castellanos-Brown, Karen] USDA, Alexandria, VA USA. [Childress, Saltanat; Oktay, Julianne S.] Univ Maryland, Sch Social Work, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Bonhomme, Natasha; Terry, Sharon F.] Genet Alliance, Washington, DC USA. [Kyler, Penny] US Hlth Resources & Serv Adm, US Dept HHS, Maternal & Child Hlth Bur, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. [Davidoff, Amy] Univ Maryland, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut Hlth Serv Res, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Greene, C (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Div Human Genet, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. EM cgreene@peds.umaryland.edu FU Health Resources and Services Administration [U33MC07949]; Genetic Alliance FX This research was funded by the Health Resources and Services Administration grant U33MC07949, through a subcontract with the Genetic Alliance. Special thanks are due to Alex Agthe, Miriam Blitzer, Shannan Dixon, Antolin Llorente, and Susan Panny for assistance in development of study instruments and to Carolyn Dinsmore, Carrie Blout, Carole Flevaris, Janice Bach, Patricia Page, and W. Andrew Faucett for their assistance in recruiting participants. We are very grateful to the families who participated in this study. They generously shared their experiences and suggestions, with the goal of helping to improve the NBS process for other families. NR 21 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1098-3600 J9 GENET MED JI Genet. Med. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 14 IS 1 BP 76 EP 80 DI 10.1038/gim.2011.5 PG 5 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 873NI UT WOS:000298889600008 PM 22237434 ER PT J AU Peters, DPC Yao, J Sala, OE Anderson, JP AF Peters, Debra P. C. Yao, Jin Sala, Osvaldo E. Anderson, John P. TI Directional climate change and potential reversal of desertification in arid and semiarid ecosystems SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE extreme events; grasslands; regime shift; shrublands; spatial context; wet-dry climatic periods ID NORTHERN CHIHUAHUAN DESERT; NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION; RAIN USE EFFICIENCY; UNITED-STATES; GLOBAL DESERTIFICATION; GRASSLAND ECOSYSTEM; AMERICAN SOUTHWEST; VEGETATION CHANGES; PATAGONIAN STEPPE; NEW-MEXICO AB Our objective was to determine if long-term increases in precipitation can maintain grasslands susceptible to desertification, and initiate a reversal of historic regime shifts on desertified shrublands. Perennial grass production and species richness in a multi-year wet period were hypothesized to be greater than expected based on precipitation in a sequence of dry years. These responses were expected to differ for grasslands and shrublands with different dominant species and topo-edaphic properties. Long-term trends in desertification were documented using vegetation maps beginning in 1858, 1915, 1928, and 1998). These trends were compared with herbaceous and woody species responses to a sequence of dry (19942003) and wet years (20042008) for two grassland (uplands, playas) and three desertified shrubland types (honey mesquite, creosotebush, tarbush) in the Chihuahuan Desert. Analyses showed that both types of grasslands decreased in spatial extent since 1858 whereas areas dominated by mesquite or creosotebush increased. Production of upland grasslands in the wet period was greater than expected based on responses during the dry period whereas the relationships between species richness and precipitation was the same for both periods. Precipitation was not important to responses in playa grasslands in either period. For all ecosystem types, the production response in wet years primarily was an increase in herbaceous plants, and the most pronounced responses occurred on sandy sites (upland grasslands, mesquite shrubland). Results suggest that multiple wet years are needed to initiate a sequence of grass establishment and survival processes that can maintain upland grasslands without management inputs and lead to a state change reversal in desertified shrublands. Restoration strategies need to take advantage of opportunities provided by future climates while recognizing the importance of ecosystem type. C1 [Peters, Debra P. C.; Yao, Jin; Sala, Osvaldo E.; Anderson, John P.] New Mexico State Univ, Jornada Basin Long Term Ecol Res Program, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Peters, Debra P. C.] ARS, USDA, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Sala, Osvaldo E.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci & Sch Sustainabil, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RP Peters, DPC (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Jornada Basin Long Term Ecol Res Program, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM debpeter@nmsu.edu FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0618210, DEB-0917668] FX We thank L. Huenneke for the foresight to implement this long-term study, and the Jornada LTER for maintaining the study through time. We thank K. Havstad, B. Bestelmeyer, and J. Herrick for comments on an earlier draft. John Ludwig and two anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments on the manuscript. Funding support was provided by the National Science Foundation to New Mexico State University as part of the Jornada Basin Long Term Ecological Research Program (DEB-0618210) and to Arizona State University and New Mexico State University (DEB-0917668). The Jornada Basin site consists of the Jornada Experimental Range administered by the US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, and the Chihuahuan Desert Rangeland Research Center administered by New Mexico State University. NR 85 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 12 U2 123 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1354-1013 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 18 IS 1 BP 151 EP 163 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02498.x PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 869LG UT WOS:000298598900014 ER PT J AU Ellsworth, DS Thomas, R Crous, KY Palmroth, S Ward, E Maier, C Delucia, E Oren, R AF Ellsworth, David S. Thomas, Richard Crous, Kristine Y. Palmroth, Sari Ward, Eric Maier, Chris Delucia, Evan Oren, Ram TI Elevated CO2 affects photosynthetic responses in canopy pine and subcanopy deciduous trees over 10 years: a synthesis from Duke FACE SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE drought; elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration; free-air carbon dioxide enrichment; inter-annual variation; leaf nitrogen; L iquidambar styraciflua; net photosynthesis enhancement; P inus taeda ID ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE; TAEDA LOBLOLLY-PINE; LONG-TERM EXPOSURE; PROGRESSIVE NITROGEN LIMITATION; TRACE GAS FLUXES; LEAF PHOTOSYNTHESIS; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; FOREST ECOSYSTEM; TEMPERATE FOREST; CO2-ENRICHED ATMOSPHERE AB Leaf responses to elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration (Ca) are central to models of forest CO2 exchange with the atmosphere and constrain the magnitude of the future carbon sink. Estimating the magnitude of primary productivity enhancement of forests in elevated Ca requires an understanding of how photosynthesis is regulated by diffusional and biochemical components and up-scaled to entire canopies. To test the sensitivity of leaf photosynthesis and stomatal conductance to elevated Ca in time and space, we compiled a comprehensive dataset measured over 10 years for a temperate pine forest of Pinus taeda, but also including deciduous species, primarily Liquidambar styraciflua. We combined over one thousand controlled-response curves of photosynthesis as a function of environmental drivers (light, air Ca and temperature) measured at canopy heights up to 20 m over 11 years (1996-2006) to generate parameterizations for leaf-scale models for the Duke free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) experiment. The enhancement of leaf net photosynthesis (Anet) in P. taeda by elevated Ca of +200 mu mol mol-1 was 67% for current-year needles in the upper crown in summer conditions over 10 years. Photosynthetic enhancement of P. taeda at the leaf-scale increased by two-fold from the driest to wettest growing seasons. Current-year pine foliage Anet was sensitive to temporal variation, whereas previous-year foliage Anet was less responsive and overall showed less enhancement (+30%). Photosynthetic downregulation in overwintering upper canopy pine needles was small at average leaf N (Narea), but statistically significant. In contrast, co-dominant and subcanopy L. styraciflua trees showed Anet enhancement of 62% and no AnetNarea adjustments. Various understory deciduous tree species showed an average Anet enhancement of 42%. Differences in photosynthetic responses between overwintering pine needles and subcanopy deciduous leaves suggest that increased Ca has the potential to enhance the mixed-species composition of planted pine stands and, by extension, naturally regenerating pine-dominated stands. C1 [Ellsworth, David S.] Univ Western Sydney, Hawkesbury Inst Environm, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia. [Thomas, Richard] W Virginia Univ, Dept Biol, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Crous, Kristine Y.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Palmroth, Sari; Ward, Eric; Oren, Ram] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Maier, Chris] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Delucia, Evan] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Ellsworth, DS (reprint author), Univ Western Sydney, Hawkesbury Inst Environm, Hawkesbury Campus,Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia. EM d.ellsworth@uws.edu.au RI Ward, Eric/D-7131-2017; OI Ward, Eric/0000-0002-5047-5464; Crous, Kristine/0000-0001-9478-7593; Ellsworth, David/0000-0002-9699-2272 FU US Department of Energy's Office of Science (BER); National Institute for Global Environmental Change (NIGEC); Terrestrial Carbon Processes Program (TCP); Australian Research Council [DP0881221, DP110105102]; US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service; Australian government through Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry FX Data from this paper are available in a data archive at http://face.env.duke.edu/database under the fair-use policy at http://public.ornl.gov/face/DUKE/. We thank the students and colleagues who energetically participated in the Duke FACE experiment and contributed to these datasets over the years. Dr. Remko Duursma is thanked for assistance with coding the light response curve fitting algorithm and Dr. Belinda Medlyn and two anonymous reviewers are each thanked for their useful comments to improve an earlier version of the manuscript. This research was principally supported by the US Department of Energy's Office of Science (BER) through its FACE Facility program, its National Institute for Global Environmental Change (NIGEC), and its Terrestrial Carbon Processes Program (TCP), the Australian Research Council (grants DP0881221 and DP110105102) and by the Southern Global Change Program, US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. Partial support to the principal author was provided by the Australian government through the Forest Industries Climate Change Research Fund of the Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry. NR 103 TC 51 Z9 56 U1 13 U2 131 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1354-1013 EI 1365-2486 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 18 IS 1 BP 223 EP 242 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02505.x PG 20 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 869LG UT WOS:000298598900019 ER PT J AU Burba, G Schmidt, A Scott, RL Nakai, T Kathilankal, J Fratini, G Hanson, C Law, B McDermitt, DK Eckles, R Furtaw, M Velgersdyk, M AF Burba, George Schmidt, Andres Scott, Russell L. Nakai, Taro Kathilankal, James Fratini, Gerardo Hanson, Chad Law, Beverly McDermitt, Dayle K. Eckles, Robert Furtaw, Michael Velgersdyk, Michael TI Calculating CO2 and H2O eddy covariance fluxes from an enclosed gas analyzer using an instantaneous mixing ratio SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE carbon dioxide exchange; closed path; CO2 flux; density correction; eddy covariance; enclosed analyzer; flux; gas analyzer; H2O flux; mixing ratio; open path; WPL ID WATER-VAPOR TRANSFER; FREQUENCY-RESPONSE CORRECTIONS; OPEN-PATH; ALTERNATIVE APPROACH; LONG-TERM; CONCENTRATION FLUCTUATIONS; SAMPLING TUBES; TRACE GASES; SURFACE; HEAT AB Eddy covariance flux research has relied on open- or closed-path gas analyzers for producing estimates of net ecosystem exchange of carbon dioxide (CO2) and water vapor (H2O). The two instruments have had different challenges that have led to development of an enclosed design that is intended to maximize strengths and minimize weaknesses of both traditional designs. Similar to the closed-path analyzer, the enclosed design leads to minimal data loss during precipitation events and icing, and it does not have surface heating issues. Similar to the open-path design, the enclosed design has good frequency response due to small flux attenuation loss in the short intake tube, does not need frequent calibration, has minimal maintenance requirements, and can be used in a very low power configuration. Another important feature of such a design is the ability to output instantaneous mixing ratio, or dry mole fraction, so that instantaneous thermal and pressure-related expansion and contraction, and water dilution of the sampled air have been accounted for. Thus, no density corrections should be required to compute fluxes during postprocessing. Calculations of CO2 and H2O fluxes via instantaneous mixing ratio from the new enclosed CO2/H2O gas analyzer were tested in nine field experiments during 20092010 in a wide range of ecosystems and setups. Fluxes computed via a mixing ratio output from the instrument without applying density corrections were compared to those computed the traditional way using density corrections. The results suggest that with proper temperature, water vapor, and pressure measurements in the cell, gas fluxes can be computed confidently from raw covariance of mixing ratio and vertical wind speed, multiplied by a frequency response correction. This has important implications for future flux measurements, because avoiding hourly density corrections could have the advantages of increasing flux measurement quality and temporal resolution, reducing the magnitude of minimum detectable flux, unifying data processing steps, and assuring better intercomparison between different sites and networks. C1 [Burba, George; Kathilankal, James; Fratini, Gerardo; McDermitt, Dayle K.; Eckles, Robert; Furtaw, Michael; Velgersdyk, Michael] LI COR Biosci, Lincoln, NE 68504 USA. [Schmidt, Andres; Hanson, Chad; Law, Beverly] Oregon State Univ, Coll Forestry, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Scott, Russell L.] ARS, USDA, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Nakai, Taro] Univ Alaska, Int Arctic Res Ctr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. RP Burba, G (reprint author), LI COR Biosci, 4421 Super St, Lincoln, NE 68504 USA. EM george.burba@licor.com RI Nakai, Taro/B-7417-2008; Burba, George/G-9991-2014; Law, Beverly/G-3882-2010 OI Nakai, Taro/0000-0002-6107-0614; Burba, George/0000-0003-2095-0057; Law, Beverly/0000-0002-1605-1203 FU US Department of Energy Biological and Environmental Research [DE-FG02-06ER6430] FX We are very grateful to research groups and individuals who tested early prototypes of the LI-7200, and suggested important additions and improvements to its design. In particular, we thank the US Department of Energy Biological and Environmental Research, Terrestrial Carbon Program (grant no. DE-FG02-06ER6430) for support of the AmeriFlux QA intercomparisons and AmeriFlux research and synthesis. We thank Drs Nicola Arriga, Andrew Black, Christian Bruemmer, Robert Clement, John Grace, Steve Oberbauer, Dario Papale, Jessica Schedlbauer, and Mrs. Zoran Nesic and Dominic Lessard. We also thank the Principal Investigators of the six sites where the AmeriFlux Intercomparison System was positioned, Drs Michael Goulden, Marcy Litvak, Walter Oechel, and Shirley Papuga. The authors deeply appreciate support provided by LI-COR LI-7200 team, and thank Ron Nelson for proofreading the manuscript. We also are very grateful to Drs B. Gioli, L. Gu, R. Leuning, W. Massman, A. Suyker, and D. Zona for important discussions related to mixing ratio-based flux calculations. NR 43 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 3 U2 40 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1354-1013 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 18 IS 1 BP 385 EP 399 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02536.x PG 15 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 869LG UT WOS:000298598900032 ER PT J AU Smith, CE Ordovas, JM Sanchez-Moreno, C Lee, YC Garaulet, M AF Smith, C. E. Ordovas, J. M. Sanchez-Moreno, C. Lee, Y-C Garaulet, M. TI Apolipoprotein A-II polymorphism: relationships to behavioural and hormonal mediators of obesity SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY LA English DT Article DE apolipoprotein A-II; behaviour; ghrelin; saturated fat; genetics ID BODY-MASS INDEX; EATING BEHAVIOR; FOOD-INTAKE; DIETARY-FAT; ENERGY-INTAKE; QUESTIONNAIRE; ASSOCIATION; SATURATION; PATTERNS; APPETITE AB Background: The interaction between apolipoprotein A-II (APOA2) m265 genotype and saturated fat for obesity traits has been more extensively demonstrated than for any other locus, but behavioural and hormonal mechanisms underlying this relationship are unexplored. In this study, we evaluated relationships between APOA2 and obesity risk with particular focus on patterns of eating and ghrelin, a hormonal regulator of food intake. Design: Cross-sectional study. Subjects: Overweight and obese subjects (n = 1225) were evaluated at baseline in five weight loss clinics in southeastern Spain. Methods: Behavioural data were assessed using a checklist of weight loss obstacles. Logistic regression models were fitted to estimate the risk of a specific behaviour associated with APOA2 genotype. Relationships between APOA2 genotype and saturated fat intakes for anthropometric traits and plasma ghrelin were evaluated by analysis of variance. To construct categorical variables to evaluate interactions, saturated fat intake was dichotomized into high and low according to the population median intake or as tertiles. Results: Homozygous minor (CC) subjects were more likely to exhibit behaviours that impede weight loss ('Do you skip meals', odds ratio (OR) = 2.09, P = 0.008) and less likely to exhibit the protective behaviour of 'Do you plan meals in advance' (OR = 0.64, P = 0.034). Plasma ghrelin for CC subjects consuming low saturated fat was lower compared with (1) CC subjects consuming high saturated fat, (2) TT+TC carriers consuming low saturated fat and (3) TT+TC carriers consuming high saturated fat (all P < 0.05). Conclusions: APOA2 m265 genotype may be associated with eating behaviours and dietary modulation of plasma ghrelin. Expansion of knowledge of APOA2 and obesity to include modulation of specific behaviours and hormonal mediators not only broadens understanding of gene-diet interactions, but also facilitates the pragmatic, future goal of developing dietary guidelines based on genotype. International Journal of Obesity (2012) 36, 130-136; doi:10.1038/ijo.2011.24; published online 8 March 2011 C1 [Sanchez-Moreno, C.; Garaulet, M.] Univ Murcia, Dept Physiol, Fac Biol, E-30100 Murcia, Spain. [Smith, C. E.; Ordovas, J. M.; Lee, Y-C] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Garaulet, M (reprint author), Univ Murcia, Dept Physiol, Fac Biol, Campus Espinardo, E-30100 Murcia, Spain. EM garaulet@um.es FU National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging [5P01AG 023394-02]; NIH/NHLBI [HL54776]; NIH/NIDDK [DK075030]; US Department of Agriculture Research Service [53-K06-5-10, 58-1950-9-001] FX This study was supported by the National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging, Grant Number 5P01AG 023394-02 and NIH/NHLBI Grant Number HL54776 and NIH/NIDDK DK075030 and contracts 53-K06-5-10 and 58-1950-9-001 from the US Department of Agriculture Research Service. NR 28 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0307-0565 J9 INT J OBESITY JI Int. J. Obes. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 36 IS 1 BP 130 EP 136 DI 10.1038/ijo.2011.24 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 879CG UT WOS:000299306700019 PM 21386805 ER PT J AU Bischoff-Ferrari, HA Dawson-Hughes, B Stocklin, E Sidelnikov, E Willett, WC Edel, JO Stahelin, HB Wolfram, S Jetter, A Schwager, J Henschkowski, J von Eckardstein, A Egli, A AF Bischoff-Ferrari, Heike Annette Dawson-Hughes, Bess Stoecklin, Elisabeth Sidelnikov, Eduard Willett, Walter Churchill Edel, John Orav Staehelin, Hannes Balthasar Wolfram, Swen Jetter, Alexander Schwager, Joseph Henschkowski, Jana von Eckardstein, Arnold Egli, Andreas TI Oral supplementation with 25(OH)D3 versus vitamin D3: Effects on 25(OH)D levels, lower extremity function, blood pressure, and markers of innate immunity SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE 25-HYDROXYVITAMIN D; VITAMIN D3; BLOOD PRESSURE; FUNCTIONAL DECLINE; MARKERS OF IMMUNITY; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN ID NEGATIVE ENDOCRINE REGULATOR; RANDOMIZED-CONTROLLED-TRIALS; INTACT PARATHYROID-HORMONE; RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM; D DEFICIENCY; BONE LOSS; CALCIUM SUPPLEMENTATION; MINERAL METABOLISM; ELDERLY WOMEN; 25-HYDROXYVITAMIN-D AB To test the effect of 25(OH)D3 (HyD) compared to vitamin D3 on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels (25(OH)D), lower extremity function, blood pressure, and markers of innate immunity. Twenty healthy postmenopausal women with an average 25(OH)D level of 13.2 +/- 3.9ng/mL (mean +/- SD) and a mean age of 61.5 +/- 7.2 years were randomized to either 20 mu g of HyD or 20 mu g (800 IU) of vitamin D3 per day in a double-blind manner. We measured on 14 visits over 4 months, 25(OH)D serum levels, blood pressure, and seven markers of innate immunity (eotaxin, interleukin [IL]-8, IL-12, interferon gamma-induced protein 10 kDa [IP-10], monocyte chemotactic protein-1 [MCP-1], macrophage inflammatory protein beta [MIP-1 beta], and Regulated upon Activation, Normal T-cell Expressed, and Secreted [RANTES]). At baseline and at 4 months, a test battery for lower extremity function (knee extensor and flexor strength, timed up and go, repeated sit-to-stand) was assessed. All analyses were adjusted for baseline measurement, age, and body mass index. Mean 25(OH)D levels increased to 69.5 ng/mL in the HyD group. This rise was immediate and sustained. Mean 25(OH)D levels increased to 31.0ng/mL with a slow increase in the vitamin D3 group. Women on HyD compared with vitamin D3 had a 2.8-fold increased odds of maintained or improved lower extremity function (odds ratio [OR]=2.79; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.186.58), and a 5.7-mmHg decrease in systolic blood pressure (p =0.0002). Both types of vitamin D contributed to a decrease in five out of seven markers of innate immunity, significantly more pronounced with HyD for eotaxin, IL-12, MCP-1, and MIP-1 beta. There were no cases of hypercalcemia at any time point. Twenty micrograms (20 mu g) of HyD per day resulted in a safe, immediate, and sustained increase in 25(OH)D serum levels in all participants, which may explain its significant benefit on lower extremity function, systolic blood pressure, and innate immune response compared with vitamin D3. (C) 2012 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research C1 [Bischoff-Ferrari, Heike Annette] Univ Zurich Hosp, Ctr Aging & Mobil, Dept Rheumatol, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland. [Bischoff-Ferrari, Heike Annette; Sidelnikov, Eduard; Henschkowski, Jana; Egli, Andreas] Univ Zurich, Ctr Aging & Mobil, Zurich, Switzerland. [Bischoff-Ferrari, Heike Annette; Sidelnikov, Eduard; Henschkowski, Jana; Egli, Andreas] Waid City Hosp Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. [Dawson-Hughes, Bess] Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Stoecklin, Elisabeth; Wolfram, Swen; Schwager, Joseph] DNP Nutr Prod, Res & Dev, Basel, Switzerland. [Willett, Walter Churchill] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Edel, John Orav] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Staehelin, Hannes Balthasar] Univ Basel Hosp, Dept Geriatr, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland. [Jetter, Alexander] Univ Zurich, Dept Clin Pharmacol & Toxicol, Zurich, Switzerland. [von Eckardstein, Arnold] Univ Zurich, Inst Clin Chem, Zurich, Switzerland. RP Bischoff-Ferrari, HA (reprint author), Univ Zurich Hosp, Ctr Aging & Mobil, Dept Rheumatol, Gloriastr 25, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland. EM HeikeABischoff@aol.com FU DSM Nutritional Products Research Development; Swiss National Foundation [PP00B-114864] FX This trial was funded by an independent investigator initiated grant provided by DSM Nutritional Products Research & Development and a Swiss National Foundations Professorship Grant (PP00B-114864). NR 59 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 2 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 27 IS 1 BP 160 EP 169 DI 10.1002/jbmr.551 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 867UA UT WOS:000298479000018 PM 22028071 ER PT J AU Chen, YQ Ntai, I Ju, KS Unger, M Zamdborg, L Robinson, SJ Doroghazi, JR Labeda, DP Metcalf, WW Kelleher, NL AF Chen, Yunqiu Ntai, Ioanna Ju, Kou-San Unger, Michelle Zamdborg, Leonid Robinson, Sarah J. Doroghazi, James R. Labeda, David P. Metcalf, William W. Kelleher, Neil L. TI A Proteomic Survey of Nonribosomal Peptide and Polyketide Biosynthesis in Actinobacteria SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE nonribosomal peptide; polyketide; natural product biosynthesis; actinobacteria; de novo sequencing; Fourier-Transform Mass Spectrometry ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; NATURAL-PRODUCT; STREPTOMYCES; DISCOVERY; PATHWAYS; IDENTIFICATION; PREDICTION; SOFTWARE; BACTERIA; SEQUENCE AB Actinobacteria such as streptomycetes are renowned for their ability to produce bioactive natural products including nonribosomal peptides (NRPs) and polyketides (PKs). The advent of genome sequencing has revealed an even larger genetic repertoire for secondary metabolism with most of the small molecule products of these gene clusters still unknown. Here, we employed a "protein-first" method called PrISM (Proteomic Investigation of Secondary Metabolism) to screen 26 unsequenced actinomycetes using mass spectrometry-based proteomics for the targeted detection of expressed nonribosomal peptide synthetases or polyketide synthases. Improvements to the original PrISM screening approach (Nat. Biotechnol. 2009, 27, 951-956), for example, improved de novo peptide sequencing, have enabled the discovery of 10 NRPS/PKS gene clusters from 6 strains. Taking advantage of the concurrence of biosynthetic enzymes and the secondary metabolites they generate, two natural products were associated with their previously "orphan" gene clusters. This work has demonstrated the feasibility of a proteomics-based strategy for use in screening for NRP/PK production in actinomycetes (often >8 Mbp, high GC genomes) versus the bacilli (2-4 Mbp genomes) used previously. C1 [Chen, Yunqiu; Ntai, Ioanna; Unger, Michelle; Robinson, Sarah J.; Kelleher, Neil L.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Chen, Yunqiu; Ntai, Ioanna; Unger, Michelle; Robinson, Sarah J.; Kelleher, Neil L.] Northwestern Univ, Chem Life Proc Inst, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Ju, Kou-San; Doroghazi, James R.; Metcalf, William W.; Kelleher, Neil L.] Univ Illinois, Inst Genom Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Metcalf, William W.] Univ Illinois, Dept Microbiol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Zamdborg, Leonid] Univ Illinois, Coll Med, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Labeda, David P.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Midw Area, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res,Bacterial Foodborne Pat, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Kelleher, NL (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM n-kelleher@northwestern.edu RI Ntai, Ioanna/G-2697-2012 FU National Institute of Health (NIH) [GM 067725, GM 077596]; NIH-NIDA [F30 DA026672]; NSF [DMS 080063] FX We thank the Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture for providing us the actinobacteria strains. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. This work was supported in part by the National Institute of Health (NIH) grants (GM 067725 and GM 077596). Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NIGMS or NIH. L.Z. was also supported by NIH-NIDA grant (F30 DA026672) and NSF grant (DMS 080063). NR 36 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 31 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1535-3893 J9 J PROTEOME RES JI J. Proteome Res. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 11 IS 1 BP 85 EP 94 DI 10.1021/pr2009115 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 872RT UT WOS:000298827700010 PM 21978092 ER PT J AU Dittmer, NT Hiromasa, Y Tomich, JM Lu, NY Beeman, RW Kramer, KJ Kanost, MR AF Dittmer, Neal T. Hiromasa, Yasuaki Tomich, John M. Lu, Nanyan Beeman, Richard W. Kramer, Karl J. Kanost, Michael R. TI Proteomic and Transcriptomic Analyses of Rigid and Membranous Cuticles and Epidermis from the Elytra and Hindwings of the Red Flour Beetle, Tribolium castaneum SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE cuticle; cuticular proteins; elytra; hindwings; insect; microarray; proteomics; Tribolium castaneum ID RUBBER-LIKE PROTEIN; CUTICULAR PROTEINS; INSECT-CUTICLE; PROPHENOLOXIDASE III; MANDUCA-SEXTA; BOMBYX-MORI; CROSS-LINKS; DROSOPHILA; RESILIN; GENOME AB The insect cuticle is a composite biomaterial made up primarily of chitin) and proteins. The physical properties of the cuticle can vary greatly from hard and rigid to soft and flexible. Understanding how different cuticle types are assembled can aid in the development of novel biomimetic materials for use in medicine and technology. Toward this goal, we have taken a combined proteomics and transcriptomics approach with the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, to examine the protein and gene expression profiles of the elytra and hindwings, appendages that contain rigid and soft cuticles, respectively. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis analysis revealed distinct differences in the protein profiles between elytra and hindwings, with four highly abundant proteins dominating the elytral cuticle extract. MALDI/TOF mass spectrometry identified 19 proteins homologous to known or hypothesized cuticular proteins (CPs), including a novel low complexity protein enriched in charged residues. Microarray analysis identified 372 genes with a 10-fold or greater difference in transcript levels between elytra and hindwings. CP genes with higher expression in the elytra belonged to the Rebers and Riddiford family (CPR) type 2, or cuticular proteins of low complexity (CPLC) enriched in glycine or proline. In contrast, a majority of the CP genes with higher expression in hindwings were classified as CPR type 1, cuticular proteins analogous to peritrophins (CPAP), or members of the Tweedle family. This research shows that the elyra and hindwings, representatives of rigid and soft cuticles, have different protein and gene expression profiles for structural proteins that may influence the mechanical properties of these cuticles. C1 [Dittmer, Neal T.; Hiromasa, Yasuaki; Tomich, John M.; Kramer, Karl J.; Kanost, Michael R.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Biochem, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Lu, Nanyan] Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Beeman, Richard W.; Kramer, Karl J.] Agr Res Serv, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, USDA, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Dittmer, NT (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Biochem, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM ndittmer@ksu.edu FU NSF [IOS0726425]; Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station [11-411-J] FX We thank Dr. Yoonseong Park for design of the microarray chip, and Xiaohong Li and Dr. Nigel Cooper at the Gene Microarray Core Facility at the University of Louisville for performing the chip hybridization. This research was supported by NSF grant IOS0726425, and is contribution 11-411-J of the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 60 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1535-3893 J9 J PROTEOME RES JI J. Proteome Res. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 11 IS 1 BP 269 EP 278 DI 10.1021/pr2009803 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 872RT UT WOS:000298827700025 PM 22087475 ER PT J AU Hordern, MD Dunstan, DW Prins, JB Baker, MK Singh, MAF Coombes, JS AF Hordern, Matthew D. Dunstan, David W. Prins, Johannes B. Baker, Michael K. Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone Coombes, Jeff S. TI Exercise prescription for patients with type 2 diabetes and pre-diabetes: A position statement from Exercise and Sport Science Australia SO JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND MEDICINE IN SPORT LA English DT Review DE Exercise; Impaired fasting glucose; Impaired glucose tolerance; Pre-diabetes; Resistance training; Type 2 diabetes mellitus ID IMPAIRED GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; LIFE-STYLE INTERVENTION; PERIPHERAL VASCULAR-DISEASE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; AMERICAN-HEART-ASSOCIATION; IMPROVES GLYCEMIC CONTROL; INSULIN SENSITIVITY; RISK-FACTORS; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; SKELETAL-MUSCLE AB Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and pre-diabetic conditions such as impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and/or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) are rapidly increasing in prevalence. There is compelling evidence that T2DM is More likely to develop in individual Who are insufficiently active. Exercise training, often in combination with other lifestyle strategies, has beneficial effects on preventing the onset of T2DM and improving,glycaemic control in those with pre-diabetes. In addition, exercise training improves cardiovascular risk profile, body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness, all strongly related to better health outcomes. Based on the evidence, it is recommended that patients with T2DM or pre-diabetes accumulate a minimum of 210 min per week of moderate-intensity exercise or 125 min per week of vigorous intensity exercise with no more than two consecutive days without training. Vigorous intensity exercise is more time efficient and may also result in greater benefits in appropriate individuals with consideration of complications and contraindications. It is further recommended that two or more resistance training sessions per week (2-4 sets of 8-10 repetitions) should be included in the total 210 or 125 min of moderate or vigorous exercise, respectively. It is also recommended that, due to the high prevalence and incidence of comorbid conditions in patients with T2DM, exercise training programs should be written and delivered by individuals with appropriate qualifications and experience to recognise and accommodate comorbidities and complications. (C) 2011 Sports Medicine Australia. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hordern, Matthew D.; Prins, Johannes B.; Coombes, Jeff S.] Univ Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hosp, Ctr Clin Res Excellence Cardiovas Dis & Metab Dis, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Hordern, Matthew D.; Prins, Johannes B.] Univ Queensland, Sch Med, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Hordern, Matthew D.; Coombes, Jeff S.] Univ Queensland, Sch Human Movement Studies, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Baker, Michael K.] Edith Cowan Univ, Sch Exercise Biomed & Hlth Sci, Churchlands, WA 6018, Australia. [Baker, Michael K.; Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone] Univ Sydney, Fac Hlth Sci, Exercise Hlth & Performance Fac Res Grp, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone] Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Hebrew SeniorLife & Jean Mayer, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone] Univ Sydney, Boden Inst Obes Nutr & Exercise, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. RP Coombes, JS (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hosp, Ctr Clin Res Excellence Cardiovas Dis & Metab Dis, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. EM jcoombes@uq.edu.au RI Baker, Michael/E-9514-2010; Coombes, Jeff/F-1764-2010; Dunstan, David/E-8473-2010; Prins, Johannes/M-5884-2013; OI Dunstan, David/0000-0003-2629-9568; Prins, Johannes/0000-0001-9497-927X; Baker, Michael/0000-0002-0551-4209 FU Exercise and Sport Science Australia FX We thank Exercise and Sport Science Australia for financial support to produce this statement. NR 73 TC 49 Z9 53 U1 7 U2 72 PU SPORTS MEDICINE AUSTRALIA PI MITCHELL PA 3-5 CHENEY PL, PO BOX 78, MITCHELL, ACT 2911, AUSTRALIA SN 1440-2440 J9 J SCI MED SPORT JI J. Sci. Med. Sport PD JAN PY 2012 VL 15 IS 1 BP 25 EP 31 DI 10.1016/j.jsams.2011.04.005 PG 7 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 882SY UT WOS:000299585400006 PM 21621458 ER PT J AU Fehlner-Gardiner, C Rudd, R Donovan, D Slate, D Kempf, L Badcock, J AF Fehlner-Gardiner, Christine Rudd, Robert Donovan, Dennis Slate, Dennis Kempf, Libby Badcock, Jacqueline TI COMPARING ONRAB (R) AND RABORAL V-RG (R) ORAL RABIES VACCINE FIELD PERFORMANCE IN RACCOONS AND STRIPED SKUNKS, NEW BRUNSWICK, CANADA, AND MAINE, USA SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE ONRAB; oral rabies vaccine; RABORAL-VRG; raccoon; striped skunk ID GLYCOPROTEIN RECOMBINANT VIRUS; AERIAL DISTRIBUTION; PROCYON-LOTOR; ONTARIO; BAITS; TETRACYCLINE; EFFICACY; ANTIBODY; DISEASE AB Control of rabies in mesocarnivore reservoirs through oral rabies vaccination (ORV) requires an effective vaccine bait. Oral rabies vaccine performance in the field may be affected by a variety of factors, including vaccine bait density and distribution pattern, habitat, target species population density, and the availability of competing foods. A field study in which these covariates were restricted as much as possible was conducted along the international border of the state of Maine (ME), USA, and the province of New Brunswick (NB), Canada, to compare the performance of two oral rabies vaccines in raccoons (Procyon lotor) and striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis). RABORAL V-RG (R) (vaccinia-rabies glycoprotein recombinant oral vaccine in fishmeal-coated sachet) or ONRAB (R) (adenovirus-rabies glycoprotein recombinant oral vaccine in Ultralite bait matrix) were distributed in ME and NB, respectively, by fixed-wing aircraft at a density of 75 baits/km(2) along parallel flight lines spaced 1.0 km apart. Sera were collected from live-trapped raccoons and skunks 5-7 wk post-ORV and assayed to determine antibody prevalence in each area. Duplicate serum samples were provided blind to two different laboratories for analyses by rabies virus serum neutralization assays (at both laboratories) and a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (at one laboratory). There was no significant difference in the proportion of antibody-positive animals determined by the three serologic methods, nor was there a significant difference between ONRAB and RABORAL V-RG in the proportion of antibody-positive striped skunks observed post-ORV. In contrast, the proportion of antibody-positive raccoons was significantly higher in the ONRAB- versus the RABORAL V-RG-baited areas (74% vs. 30%; chi(2)=89.977, df=5, P<0.0001). These data support that ONRAB may serve as an effective tool for raccoon rabies control. C1 [Fehlner-Gardiner, Christine] Canadian Food Inspect Agcy, Ctr Expertise Rabies, Ottawa, ON K2H 8P9, Canada. [Rudd, Robert] New York State Dept Hlth, Wadsworth Ctr, Rabies Lab, Griffin Lab, Slingerlands, NY 12159 USA. [Donovan, Dennis] Ontario Minist Nat Resources, Wildlife Res & Dev Sect, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada. [Slate, Dennis] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Concord, NH 03301 USA. [Badcock, Jacqueline] Dept Hlth, Fredericton, NB E3B 5G8, Canada. [Kempf, Libby] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Augusta, ME 04330 USA. RP Fehlner-Gardiner, C (reprint author), Canadian Food Inspect Agcy, Ctr Expertise Rabies, 3851 Fallowfield Rd,POB 11300,Stn H, Ottawa, ON K2H 8P9, Canada. EM Christine.Fehlner-Gardiner@inspection.gc.ca NR 35 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 12 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 EI 1943-3700 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 48 IS 1 BP 157 EP 167 PG 11 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 876VW UT WOS:000299136800017 PM 22247384 ER PT J AU Besser, TE Cassirer, EF Yamada, C Potter, KA Herndon, C Foreyt, WJ Knowles, DP Srikumaran, S AF Besser, Thomas E. Cassirer, E. Frances Yamada, Catherine Potter, Kathleen A. Herndon, Caroline Foreyt, William J. Knowles, Donald P. Srikumaran, Subramaniam TI Survival of Bighorn Sheep (Ovis canadensis) Commingled with Domestic Sheep (Ovis aries) in the Absence of Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Bighorn sheep; domestic sheep; Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae; pneumonia ID PASTEURELLA-HAEMOLYTICA; MANNHEIMIA-HAEMOLYTICA; EXPERIMENTAL CONTACT; PNEUMONIA; TRANSMISSION; ASSOCIATION; CATTLE AB To test the hypothesis that Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae is an important agent of the bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) pneumonia that has previously inevitably followed experimental commingling with domestic sheep (Ovis aries), we commingled M. ovipneumoniae free domestic and bighorn sheep (n=4 each). One bighorn sheep died with acute pneumonia 90 clays after commingling, but the other three remained healthy for >100 days. This unprecedented survival rate is significantly different (P=0.002) from that of previous bighorn-domestic sheep contact studies but similar to (P>0.05) bighorn sheep survival following commingling with other ungulates. The absence of epizootic respiratory disease in this experiment supports the hypothesized role of M. ovipneumoniae as a key pathogen of epizootic pneumonia in bighorn sheep commingled with domestic sheep. C1 [Besser, Thomas E.; Yamada, Catherine; Potter, Kathleen A.; Herndon, Caroline; Foreyt, William J.; Knowles, Donald P.; Srikumaran, Subramaniam] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Besser, Thomas E.; Potter, Kathleen A.] Washington State Univ, Washington Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Cassirer, E. Frances] Idaho Dept Fish & Game, Lewiston, ID 83501 USA. [Knowles, Donald P.] Washington State Univ, Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Besser, TE (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, POB 647040, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM tbesser@vetmed.wsu.edu FU Wyoming Wildlife/Livestock Disease Partnership; Idaho Department of Fish and Game; Washington State Department of Fish and Wildlife, Nevada Bighorns Unlimited Reno; Oregon Chapter of the Wild Sheep Foundation; University of Idaho through the Idaho Wildlife/Domestic Animal Disease Research Oversight Committee; Animal Disease Research Unit of the USDA Agricultural Research Service based in Pullman, Washington; Federal Aid to Wildlife Restoration Project [W-160-R]; Animal Disease Research Unit FX This work was funded in part by the Wyoming Wildlife/Livestock Disease Partnership, the Idaho Department of Fish and Game, the Washington State Department of Fish and Wildlife, Nevada Bighorns Unlimited Reno, the Oregon Chapter of the Wild Sheep Foundation, the University of Idaho through the Idaho Wildlife/Domestic Animal Disease Research Oversight Committee, the Animal Disease Research Unit of the USDA Agricultural Research Service based in Pullman, Washington, and Federal Aid to Wildlife Restoration Project W-160-R administered through the Idaho Department of Fish and Game. Animal studies were supported by facilities and personnel of the Animal Disease Research Unit. These funding agencies had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. We sincerely thank Duane Chandler and Amy Hetrick for assistance with animal care, handling, and restraint or sample collection; George Barrington for providing access to M. ovipneumoniae-free sheep; Katie Baker, Stephanie Wright, Charlene Teitzel, and Dena Mellick for skilled technical assistance; Maggie Highland for detailed editorial suggestions; and Shannon Lee Swist for her role as the principal investigator of the Wyoming Wildlife/Livestock Disease Partnership funding. NR 20 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 21 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 48 IS 1 BP 168 EP 172 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 876VW UT WOS:000299136800018 PM 22247385 ER PT J AU Guo, L Van Hekken, DL Tomasula, PM Tunick, MH Huo, G AF Guo, L. Van Hekken, D. L. Tomasula, P. M. Tunick, M. H. Huo, G. TI Effect of salt on microbiology and proteolysis of Queso Fresco Cheese during storage SO MILCHWISSENSCHAFT-MILK SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Queso Fresco cheese (salt content, microbiology, proteolysis) ID PASTEURIZED MILK; MICROFLORA; RAW AB Queso Fresco (OF), a high-moisture Hispanic cheese which can contain up to 2.5% salt, was made from pasteurized, homogenized milk with no added starter cultures and dry salted at levels of 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 and 2.5% NaCl, w/w, to determine the impact of reduced salt on the microbial count and proteolysis in the cheese during 8 weeks of 4 C storage. The fresh OF, containing 55.4-56.6 % moisture, decreased in water activity as salt content increased. Fresh QF had pH 6.42-6.31 and decreased (P < 0.05) 0.6-0.35 units over 8 weeks of storage in cheeses containing 1.0% or less added salt. Fresh OF had total aerobic plate counts of 2.28 +/- 0.05 log cfu.g(-1) which increased (P < 0.05) 2-4 logs within the first 4 weeks; counts increased as salt levels decreased. Bacteria identified in the cheese were Pseudomonas, Microbacterium, and Paenibacillus and contributed to noticeable beta-casein proteolysis. Results indicated that salt levels in OF could be reduced to 1.5% before excessive microbial growth occurred and will be useful in developing low-salt Hispanic cheeses with optimum quality traits. C1 [Guo, L.; Huo, G.] NE Agr Univ, Key Lab Dairy Sci, Minist Educ, Coll Food Sci, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China. [Guo, L.; Van Hekken, D. L.; Tomasula, P. M.; Tunick, M. H.] Agr Res Serv, Dairy & Funct Foods Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Guo, L (reprint author), NE Agr Univ, Key Lab Dairy Sci, Minist Educ, Coll Food Sci, 59 Mucai St, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China. EM diane.vanhekken@ars.usda.gov RI Tunick, Michael/C-9761-2010 FU NEAU (Harbin, Heilongjiang, China) [CXT007-4-3] FX The authors thank Raymond Kwoczak, Danielle Tilman, Susan landola, and Brien Sullivan for their contribution in preparing samples and collecting data and to John Phillips for the statistical analyses. Partial support for this project was provided by the NEAU, Dairy Innovational Team Research Program (No. CXT007-4-3) (Harbin, Heilongjiang, China). Mention of brand or firm name does not constitute endorsement by USDA over others of a similar nature not mentioned. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 8 PU A V A AGRARVERLAG PI KEMPTEN PA PROSCHESTR 2, 87437 KEMPTEN, GERMANY SN 0026-3788 J9 MILCHWISSENSCHAFT JI Milchwiss.-Milk Sci. Int. PY 2012 VL 67 IS 1 BP 74 EP 77 PG 4 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 879AQ UT WOS:000299302500020 ER PT J AU Pelser, PB Abbott, RJ Comes, HP Milton, JJ Moller, M Looseley, ME Cron, GV Barcelona, JF Kennedy, AH Watson, LE Barone, R Hernandez, F Kadereit, JW AF Pelser, Pieter B. Abbott, Richard J. Comes, Hans P. Milton, Joseph J. Moeller, Michael Looseley, Mark E. Cron, Glynis V. Barcelona, Julie F. Kennedy, Aaron H. Watson, Linda E. Barone, Ruben Hernandez, Fabian Kadereit, Joachim W. TI The genetic ghost of an invasion past: colonization and extinction revealed by historical hybridization in Senecio SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Asteraceae; morphometrics; phylogenetic incongruence; recombination; Senecio massaicus; Senecioneae ID PCR-MEDIATED RECOMBINATION; NUCLEAR RIBOSOMAL DNA; HYBRID SPECIATION; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; RETICULATE EVOLUTION; MOSAIC STRUCTURE; SEQUENCES; ASTERACEAE; INTROGRESSION; ORIGIN AB Hybridization is an important evolutionary factor in the diversification of many plant and animal species. Of particular interest is that historical hybridization resulting in the origin of new species or introgressants has occurred between species now geographically separated by great distances. Here, we report that Senecio massaicus, a tetraploid species native to Morocco and the Canary Islands, contains genetic material of two distinct, geographically separated lineages: a Mediterranean lineage and a mainly southern African lineage. A time-calibrated internal transcribed spacer phylogeny indicates that the hybridization event took place up to 6.18 Ma. Because the southern African lineage has never been recorded from Morocco or the Canary Islands, we hypothesize that it reached this area in the distant past, but never became permanently established. Interestingly, the southern African lineage includes S.similar to inaequidens, a highly invasive species that has recently become widespread throughout Europe and was introduced at the end of the 19th century as a wool alien. Our results suggest that this more recent invasion of Europe by S.similar to inaequidens represents the second arrival of this lineage into the region. C1 [Pelser, Pieter B.; Barcelona, Julie F.] Univ Canterbury, Sch Biol Sci, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand. [Abbott, Richard J.; Milton, Joseph J.] Univ St Andrews, Sch Biol, St Andrews KY16 9TH, Fife, Scotland. [Comes, Hans P.] Salzburg Univ, Dept Organism Biol, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria. [Moeller, Michael] Royal Bot Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, Midlothian, Scotland. [Looseley, Mark E.] Scottish Crop Res Inst, Dundee DD2 5DA, Scotland. [Cron, Glynis V.] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Anim Plant & Environm Sci, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa. [Kennedy, Aaron H.] APHIS, USDA, PPQ, Mol Diagnost Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Watson, Linda E.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Bot, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Barone, Ruben] Museo Ciencias Nat Tenerife, Santa Cruz De Tenerife 38003, Canary Islands, Spain. [Kadereit, Joachim W.] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Spezielle Bot & Bot Garten, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. RP Pelser, PB (reprint author), Univ Canterbury, Sch Biol Sci, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand. EM pieter.pelser@canterbury.ac.nz RI Moeller, Michael/O-9748-2015 OI Moeller, Michael/0000-0002-2819-0323 FU NSF [DEB-0542238]; NERC FX The authors thank Anna Abbott, Ines Alvarez, Max Coleman, Felix Llamas, Peter Schonfelder and Ian Thompson for providing specimens, seeds and/or tissue samples, and Michaela Eder, David Forbes and Rainer Greissl for help in the laboratory. We are grateful to the curators of B, L, LEB, MO and RNG for permission to include their Senecioneae specimens in our studies. Charles Coyle helped with the principal coordinates analysis. Arvind Varsani is acknowledged for helpful discussions. Four anonymous reviewers are thanked for their constructive comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript. Funding for this project was provided by NSF grant DEB-0542238 to LEW and PBP, and a NERC CASE PhD studentship to JJM. NR 82 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 50 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0962-1083 EI 1365-294X J9 MOL ECOL JI Mol. Ecol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 21 IS 2 BP 369 EP 387 DI 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05399.x PG 19 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 872XU UT WOS:000298845600012 PM 22171696 ER PT J AU Coombs, JA Letcher, BH Nislow, KH AF Coombs, J. A. Letcher, B. H. Nislow, K. H. TI GONe: Software for estimating effective population size in species with generational overlap SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE bias; effective population size; genetic drift; Jorde-Ryman method; overlapping generations; temporal method ID ALLELE FREQUENCY; GENETIC DRIFT; EXTINCTION; WILD AB GONe is a user-friendly, Windows-based program for estimating effective size (Ne) in populations with overlapping generations. It uses the JordeRyman modification to the temporal method to account for age structure in populations. This method requires estimates of age-specific survival and birth rate and allele frequencies measured in two or more consecutive cohorts. Allele frequencies are acquired by reading in genotypic data from files formatted for either GENEPOP or TEMPOFS. For each interval between consecutive cohorts, Ne is estimated at each locus and over all loci. Furthermore, Ne estimates are output for three different genetic drift estimators (Fs, Fc and Fk). Confidence intervals are derived from a chi-square distribution with degrees of freedom equal to the number of independent alleles. GONe has been validated over a wide range of Ne values, and for scenarios where survival and birth rates differ between sexes, sex ratios are unequal and reproductive variances differ. GONe is freely available for download at . C1 [Coombs, J. A.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Letcher, B. H.] US Geol Survey, SO Conte Anadromous Fish Res Ctr, Leetown Sci Ctr, Turners Falls, MA 01376 USA. [Coombs, J. A.; Nislow, K. H.] Univ Massachusetts, US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Coombs, JA (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM jcoombs@cns.umass.edu NR 22 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 18 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1755-098X J9 MOL ECOL RESOUR JI Mol. Ecol. Resour. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 12 IS 1 BP 160 EP 163 DI 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2011.03057.x PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 869GF UT WOS:000298585000019 PM 21827640 ER PT J AU Toda, T Strausbaugh, CA Rodriguez-Carres, M Cubeta, MA AF Toda, Takeshi Strausbaugh, Carl A. Rodriguez-Carres, Marianela Cubeta, Marc A. TI Characterization of a Basidiomycete fungus from stored sugar beet roots SO MYCOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Agaricomycotina; Basidiomycota; beet storage; Beta vulgaris; root rot ID RHIZOCTONIA-CAROTAE; STORAGE; ROT; CARROT AB Eighteen isolates from sugar beet roots associated with an unknown etiology were characterized based on observations of morphological characters, hyphal growth at 4-28 C, production of phenol oxidases and sequence analysis of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and large subunit (LSU) regions of the ribosomal DNA (rDNA). The isolates did not produce asexual or sexual spores, had binucleate hyphal cells with clamp connections, grew 4-22 C with estimated optimal growth at 14.5 C and formed a dark brown pigment on potato dextrose or malt extract agar amended with 0.5% tannic acid. Color changes observed when solutions of gum guiac, guiacol and syringaldzine were applied directly to mycelium grown on these media indicated that all isolates produced phenol oxidases. Sequences of ITS and LSU regions on the rDNA gene from 15 isolates were 99.2-100% identical, and analysis of sequence data with maximum likelihood and maximum parsimony suggest that the isolates from sugar beet roots are phylogenetically related to Athelia bombacina, Granulobasidium vellereum and Cyphella digitalis. High statistical support for both loci under different criteria confirmed that Athelia bombacina was consistently the closest known relative to the sugar beet isolates. Additional taxonomic investigations are needed before species can be clarified and designated for these isolates. C1 [Toda, Takeshi] Akita Prefectural Univ, Dept Bioresource Sci, Akita 0100195, Japan. [Strausbaugh, Carl A.] Agr Res Serv NWISRL, USDA, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. [Rodriguez-Carres, Marianela; Cubeta, Marc A.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Toda, T (reprint author), Akita Prefectural Univ, Dept Bioresource Sci, Akita 0100195, Japan. EM ttoda@akita-pu.ac.jp OI Strausbaugh, Carl/0000-0001-6773-1375 FU USDA CSREES [2007-34500-15893, 2008-34500-19396]; United States Department of Agriculture CRIS [5368-21220-002-00D] FX We thank Lisa Bukovnik (Duke University, IGSP Sequencing and Genetic Analysis Facility) fir her help, Pam Purvear for assistance in literature searches, Julien Crovadore for providing a culture of the apple isolate from Switzerland, and the Snake River Sugar Beet Growers, Beet Sugar Development Foundation and Amalgamated Sugar Co. for assistance and support of this research. We also that the USDA CSREES (grants 2007-34500-15893 and 2008-34500-19396 to MAC) for financial support. These data support the objectives of the United States Department of Agriculture CRIS project 5368-21220-002-00D. NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU ALLEN PRESS INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0027-5514 J9 MYCOLOGIA JI Mycologia PD JAN-FEB PY 2012 VL 104 IS 1 BP 70 EP 78 DI 10.3852/10-416 PG 9 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 879SH UT WOS:000299352000008 PM 22067302 ER PT J AU Wynns, AA Jensen, AB Eilenberg, J James, R AF Wynns, Anja Amtoft Jensen, Annette Bruun Eilenberg, Jorgen James, Rosalind TI Ascosphaera subglobosa, a new spore cyst fungus from North America associated with the solitary bee Megachile rotundata SO MYCOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Ascosphaeraceae; Bettsia; chalkbrood; pollen provisions; solitary bees ID RIBOSOMAL DNA; IDENTIFICATION AB Ascosphaera subglobosa (Eurotiomycetes: Onygenales) is newly described from the pollen provisions and nesting material of the solitary leaf-cutting bee Megachile rotundata in Canada and the western United States. This new species, related to A. atra and A. duoformis, is distinguished from other Ascosphaera species by its globose to subglobose ascospores, evanescent spore balls and unique nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences (ITS and LSU). C1 [Wynns, Anja Amtoft; Jensen, Annette Bruun; Eilenberg, Jorgen] Univ Copenhagen, Ctr Social Evolut, Dept Agr & Ecol, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. [James, Rosalind] USDA ARS Bee Biol & Systemat Lab, Logan, UT USA. RP Wynns, AA (reprint author), Univ Copenhagen, Ctr Social Evolut, Dept Agr & Ecol, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. EM aaw@life.ku.dk RI Wynns, Anja/E-5434-2012; Jensen, Annette /E-5478-2013; Jensen, Annette/G-7558-2014; Eilenberg, Jorgen/F-7444-2014; OI Jensen, Annette/0000-0002-2044-2274; Eilenberg, Jorgen/0000-0002-9273-5252; Amtoft Wynns, Anja/0000-0002-6013-9456 FU Danish National Research Foundation; Faculty of Life Sciences of the University of Copenhagen FX We thank Justin Wynns, Stephen Rehner, and an anonymous reviewer for helpful suggestions to improve the manuscript and the USDA-ARS Bee Biology and Systematics Laboratory for hosting the senior author. The Danish National Research Foundation and the Faculty of Life Sciences of the University of Copenhagen provided financial support. NR 27 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 8 PU ALLEN PRESS INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0027-5514 J9 MYCOLOGIA JI Mycologia PD JAN-FEB PY 2012 VL 104 IS 1 BP 108 EP 114 DI 10.3852/10-047 PG 7 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 879SH UT WOS:000299352000012 PM 21828215 ER PT J AU Kropp, BR Albee-Scott, S Castellano, MA Trappe, JM AF Kropp, Bradley R. Albee-Scott, Steve Castellano, Michael A. Trappe, James M. TI Cryptolepiota, a new sequestrate genus in the Agaricaceae with evidence for adaptive radiation in western North America SO MYCOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Basidiomycota; Cortinariaceae; fungi; Gigasperma; phylogenetics ID RIBOSOMAL DNA-SEQUENCES; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; FAMILY AGARICACEAE; CORTINARIUS; EVOLUTION; GENERA AB Phylogenetic analyses based on nLSU and ITS sequence data indicate that the sequestrate genus Gigasperma is polyphyletic. Gigasperma cryptica, which is known only from New Zealand, has affinities with the Cortinariaceae whereas G. americanum and two additional undescribed taxa from western North America are derived from Lepiota within the Agaricaceae. The three North American taxa appear to be recently evolved and are closely related. They occur in similar environments and form a well supported clade indicating that adaptive radiation has occurred within this group of fungi. An independent genus with sequestrate fructifications, Cryptolepiota is proposed to accommodate the three species in this clade. Cryptolepiota microspora and C. mengei are described as new, and G. americanum is transferred to Cryptolepiola. Gigasperma cryptica is illustrated and compared with the species of Cryptolepiota. C1 [Kropp, Bradley R.] Utah State Univ, Dept Biol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Albee-Scott, Steve] Jackson Community Coll, Jackson, MI 49201 USA. [Castellano, Michael A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Trappe, James M.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Kropp, BR (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Biol, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM brad.kropp@usu.edu FU Utah Agricultural Experiment Station FX We thank the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station for financial support of this research. This is Utah Agricultural Experiment Station paper 8281. NR 31 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU ALLEN PRESS INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0027-5514 J9 MYCOLOGIA JI Mycologia PD JAN-FEB PY 2012 VL 104 IS 1 BP 164 EP 174 DI 10.3852/11-046 PG 11 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 879SH UT WOS:000299352000018 PM 21828217 ER PT J AU Ding, XD Sui, XH Wang, F Gao, JH He, XH Zhang, FS Yang, JC Feng, G AF Ding, Xiaodong Sui, Xinhua Wang, Fang Gao, Junhua He, Xinhua Zhang, Fusuo Yang, Juncheng Feng, Gu TI Synergistic interactions between Glomus mosseae and Bradyrhizobium japonicum in enhancing proton release from nodules and hyphae SO MYCORRHIZA LA English DT Article DE Bradyrhizobium japonicum; Glomus mosseae; Soybean; Proton release; Nodulesphere; Hyphosphere ID ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; NITROGEN-FIXATION; RHIZOBIUM SYMBIOSIS; PLANT-GROWTH; PHOSPHORUS DEFICIENCY; MEDICAGO-TRUNCATULA; ROOT-NODULES; BACTERIA; LEGUME; COLONIZATION AB Soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) seedlings were inoculated with Glomus mosseae (GM) and Bradyrhizobium japonicum (BJ) together or separately to study the effect of interactions on net H(+) effluxes of nodules or extraradical hyphae by in vivo vibrating electrode techniques. GM promoted three-fold the H(+) effluxes of nodules on mycorrhizal lateral roots and BJ increased eight-fold the net H(+) effluxes of hyphae developing in the vicinity of nodules on lateral roots. Increments in plant P content were positively and linearly correlated with the net H(+) efflux of nodules and hyphae. It is concluded that increased H(+) effluxes of nodules resulted from enhanced nitrogenase activities induced by the presence of the AM fungus in lateral roots. The results point to additive effects of interactions between mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobia in increasing the extent of acidification of the "nodulesphere" and the hyposphere. C1 [Ding, Xiaodong; Wang, Fang; Gao, Junhua; Zhang, Fusuo; Feng, Gu] China Agr Univ, Key Lab Plant Soil Interact, Minist Educ, Coll Resource & Environm Sci, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Sui, Xinhua] China Agr Univ, Coll Biol Sci, State Key Labs Agrobiotechnol, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [He, Xinhua] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [He, Xinhua] Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Yang, Juncheng] CAAS, Inst Agr Resources & Reg Planningm, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. RP Feng, G (reprint author), China Agr Univ, Key Lab Plant Soil Interact, Minist Educ, Coll Resource & Environm Sci, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. EM fenggu@cau.edu.cn RI Feng, Gu/K-8367-2012; YANG, JUNCHENG/H-9328-2013; He, Xinhua/B-8047-2015 OI Feng, Gu/0000-0002-1052-5009; He, Xinhua/0000-0002-5570-3454 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [30890132, 30821003]; Chinese University Scientific Fund [2009TD15]; National Basic Research Program of China [2007CB109308] FX The study was partly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (the major program of 30890132 and the Science Fund for Creative Research Groups of 30821003), Chinese University Scientific Fund (2009TD15), and National Basic Research Program of China (2007CB109308). We acknowledge the assistance of Professor Alastair Fitter and Zed Rangel during early writing stages. We would also like to thank Professor Vivienne Gianinazzi-Pearson and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments and revisions. NR 36 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 29 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0940-6360 J9 MYCORRHIZA JI Mycorrhiza PD JAN PY 2012 VL 22 IS 1 BP 51 EP 58 DI 10.1007/s00572-011-0381-3 PG 8 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 879KB UT WOS:000299327000004 PM 21494823 ER PT J AU Barrero, JM Jacobsen, JV Talbot, MJ White, RG Swain, SM Garvin, DF Gubler, F AF Barrero, Jose M. Jacobsen, John V. Talbot, Mark J. White, Rosemary G. Swain, Stephen M. Garvin, David F. Gubler, Frank TI Grain dormancy and light quality effects on germination in the model grass Brachypodium distachyon SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE abscisic acid (ABA); Brachypodium; germination; light; phytochrome; seed dormancy ID AGROBACTERIUM-MEDIATED TRANSFORMATION; AVENA-FATUA L; SEED DORMANCY; FINE-STRUCTURE; BLUE-LIGHT; BARLEY; COLEORHIZA; WHEAT; RICE; EMBRYOGENESIS AB Lack of grain dormancy in cereal crops such as barley and wheat is a common problem affecting farming areas around the world, causing losses in yield and quality because of preharvest sprouting. Control of seed or grain dormancy has been investigated extensively using various approaches in different species, including Arabidopsis and cereals. However, the use of a monocot model plant such as Brachypodium distachyon presents opportunities for the discovery of new genes related to grain dormancy that are not present in modern commercial crops. In this work we present an anatomical description of the Brachypodium caryopsis, and we describe the dormancy behaviour of six common diploid Brachypodium inbred genotypes. We also study the effect of light quality (blue, red and far-red) on germination, and analyse changes in abscisic acid levels and gene expression between a dormant and a non-dormant Brachypodium genotype. Our results indicate that different genotypes display high natural variability in grain dormancy and that the characteristics of dormancy and germination are similar to those found in other cereals. We propose that Brachypodium is an ideal model for studies of grain dormancy in grasses and can be used to identify new strategies for increasing grain dormancy in crop species. C1 [Barrero, Jose M.; Jacobsen, John V.; Talbot, Mark J.; White, Rosemary G.; Swain, Stephen M.; Gubler, Frank] CSIRO Plant Ind, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Garvin, David F.] ARS, USDA, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Garvin, David F.] Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Barrero, JM (reprint author), CSIRO Plant Ind, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. EM jose.barrero@csiro.au RI White, Rosemary/B-3050-2010; Swain, Steve/A-1493-2010; Frank, Gubler/A-1291-2010; Barrero, Jose /B-4607-2009 OI White, Rosemary/0000-0002-7618-3814; Barrero, Jose /0000-0001-7367-2199 FU Australian Grains Research and Development Corporation; Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation FX The authors thank Kerrie Ramm and Trijntje Hughes for their expert and invaluable technical assistance, and Drs Graham Bonnett, Richard Poire and Iain Wilson for their comments on the manuscript. This work was supported by the Australian Grains Research and Development Corporation and the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation. NR 46 TC 31 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 40 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0028-646X J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 193 IS 2 BP 376 EP 386 DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03938.x PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 869IO UT WOS:000298591800011 PM 22039925 ER PT J AU Cheong, EJ AF Cheong, Eun Ju TI Biotechnological approaches for improvement and conservation of Prunus species SO PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS LA English DT Review DE Prunus species; Biotechnology; In vitro tissue culture; Genetic transformation; Molecular marker; Cryopreservation ID AGROBACTERIUM-MEDIATED TRANSFORMATION; PLUM-POX-VIRUS; NECROTIC RINGSPOT VIRUS; PERSICA L. BATSCH; SIMPLE-SEQUENCE REPEAT; IN-VITRO PROPAGATION; COAT PROTEIN GENE; ADVENTITIOUS SHOOT REGENERATION; X PSEUDOCERASUS PROTOPLASTS; LEAF-SPOT VIRUS AB Biotechnology has contributed to improvement and conservation of Prunus species. Biotechnological approaches involving in vitro tissue culture, genetic transformation, molecular marker development and cryopreservation were applied to various Prunus species. This report provides an overview of biotechnological research on Prunus species, with an emphasis on ornamental Prunus. C1 ARS, Natl Germplasm Resources Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Cheong, EJ (reprint author), ARS, Natl Germplasm Resources Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM eunju.cheong@ars.usda.gov NR 180 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 20 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1863-5466 J9 PLANT BIOTECHNOL REP JI Plant Biotechnol. Rep. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 6 IS 1 BP 17 EP 28 DI 10.1007/s11816-011-0195-y PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 879ZI UT WOS:000299372900002 ER PT J AU Banjara, M Zhu, LF Shen, GX Payton, P Zhang, H AF Banjara, Manoj Zhu, Longfu Shen, Guoxin Payton, Paxton Zhang, Hong TI Expression of an Arabidopsis sodium/proton antiporter gene (AtNHX1) in peanut to improve salt tolerance SO PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS LA English DT Article DE Salt tolerance; Sodium/proton antiporter; Photosynthesis; Photosynthetic parameters ID INCREASES FIBER YIELD; TRANSGENIC PLANTS; STRESS; OVEREXPRESSION; SALINITY; DROUGHT; TRANSPORT; TOMATO; FIELD; AVP1 AB Salinity is a major environmental stress that affects agricultural productivity worldwide. One approach to improving salt tolerance in crops is through high expression of the Arabidopsis gene AtNHX1, which encodes a vacuolar sodium/proton antiporter that sequesters excess sodium ion into the large intracellular vacuole. Sequestering cytosolic sodium into the vacuoles of plant cells leads to a low level of sodium in cytosol, which minimizes the sodium toxicity and injury to important enzymes in cytosol. In the meantime, the accumulation of sodium in vacuoles restores the correct osmolarity to the intracellular milieu, which favors water uptake by plant root cells and improves water retention in tissues under soils that are high in salt. To improve the yield and quality of peanut under high salt conditions, AtNHX1 was introduced into peanut plants through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The AtNHX1-expressing peanut plants displayed increased tolerance of salt at levels up to 150 mM NaCl. When compared to wild-type plants, AtNHX1-expressing peanut plants suffered less damage, produced more biomass, contained more chlorophyll, and maintained higher photosynthetic rates under salt conditions. These data indicate that AtNHX1 can be used to enhance salt tolerance in peanut. C1 [Banjara, Manoj; Zhang, Hong] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Zhu, Longfu] Huazhong Agr Univ, Coll Plant Sci & Technol, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Shen, Guoxin] Zhejiang Acad Agr Sci, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Payton, Paxton] ARS, USDA, Cropping Syst Res Lab, Lubbock, TX USA. RP Zhang, H (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM hong.zhang@ttu.edu FU Texas Peanut Producers Board; National Peanut Board FX We thank Natasja van Gestel for help with using the LI-COR instrument and Dr. Megha N. Parajulee for providing the chlorophyll meter. We thank Yinfeng Zhu, Sundaram Kappu, Rongbin Hu, Qiang Gu, Hua Qin, Jian Chen, and Xiaoyun Qiu for help and guidance with tissue culture, molecular analysis, and physiological and biochemical studies. This project was supported by grants from the Texas Peanut Producers Board and the National Peanut Board. NR 28 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 27 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1863-5466 J9 PLANT BIOTECHNOL REP JI Plant Biotechnol. Rep. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 6 IS 1 BP 59 EP 67 DI 10.1007/s11816-011-0200-5 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 879ZI UT WOS:000299372900006 ER PT J AU Ju, HJ Van Eck, J Gray, SM AF Ju, Ho-Jong Van Eck, Joyce Gray, Stewart M. TI Factors influencing plant regeneration from seedling explants of Hairy nightshade (Solanum sarrachoides) SO PLANT CELL TISSUE AND ORGAN CULTURE LA English DT Article DE Model plant; Solanaceae; Zeatin; Benzylamino purine (BAP); Potato leafroll virus (PLRV) ID POTATO-LEAFROLL-VIRUS; TOMATO LYCOPERSICON-ESCULENTUM; PHYTOPHTHORA-INFESTANS; SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS; TISSUE-CULTURE; IN-VITRO; SHOOT REGENERATION; INOCULUM SOURCE; GELLING AGENT; AGAR AB Hairy nightshade (Solanum sarrachoides) has the potential to be a model system for the study of plant-pathogen interactions, however, the availability of tissue culture and transformation methods would strengthen its utility. For the development of tissue culture methods, we investigated, explant type (cotyledons, hypocotyls, roots), hypocotyl explant origin, cotyledon orientation (abaxial vs. adaxial) in direct contact with the medium, gelling agents (agar and agargel) and cytokinins (zeatin and 6-benzyladenine) at different concentrations. Cotyledon explants resulted in the greatest biomass as compared to root and hypocotyl. As for hypocotyl explant origin, explants proximal to the cotyledons had a significant effect on plant regeneration. However, cotyledon orientation and gelling agent had no effect on plant regeneration. Medium supplemented with either zeatin or 6-benzyladenine at 1 mg L(-1) resulted in significant shoot regeneration. Shoots rooted readily when cultured on a non-hormone based rooting medium. C1 [Ju, Ho-Jong] Chonbuk Natl Univ, Dept Agr Biol, Jeonju City Jeonbuk 561756, South Korea. [Ju, Ho-Jong; Gray, Stewart M.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Ju, Ho-Jong] Chonbuk Natl Univ, Plant Med Res Ctr, Jeonju City Jeonbuk 561756, South Korea. [Van Eck, Joyce] Plant Res Inc, Boyce Thompson Inst, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Gray, Stewart M.] ARS, USDA, Biol Integrated Pest Management Res Unit, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Ju, HJ (reprint author), Chonbuk Natl Univ, Dept Agr Biol, Jeonju City Jeonbuk 561756, South Korea. EM juhojong@jbnu.ac.kr RI Van Eck, Joyce/E-2291-2012 FU Chonbuk National University; National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); Ministry of Education, Science and Technology [2011-0013556] FX This paper was supported in part by research funds of Chonbuk National University in 2010 and Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (2011-0013556). NR 43 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6857 J9 PLANT CELL TISS ORG JI Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 108 IS 1 BP 121 EP 128 DI 10.1007/s11240-011-0020-x PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 879KX UT WOS:000299329200013 ER PT J AU Stevens, ME Pijut, PM AF Stevens, Micah E. Pijut, Paula M. TI Hypocotyl derived in vitro regeneration of pumpkin ash (Fraxinus profunda) SO PLANT CELL TISSUE AND ORGAN CULTURE LA English DT Article DE Adventitious shoots; Emerald ash borer; Fraxinus; Organogenesis; Rooting ID MICROPROPAGATED SHOOTS; EXCELSIOR; THIDIAZURON; JUVENILE; CULTURES; MATURE; ORGANOGENESIS; REQUIREMENTS; ANGUSTIFOLIA; COTYLEDONS AB Pumpkin ash (Fraxinus profunda (Bush) Bush) is at risk for extirpation by an exotic insect, the emerald ash borer (EAB). Pumpkin ash is limited to wetland areas of the Eastern United States, and has been listed as an endangered species because of EAB activity. Pumpkin ash provides many benefits to the ecosystem, and its wood is used in the manufacturing industry. In vitro regeneration provides an integral tool for the mass propagation and genetic transformation of pumpkin ash to combat EAB. Therefore, a plant regeneration protocol was developed for pumpkin ash. Aseptically extracted hypocotyls formed adventitious shoots following 4 weeks on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0-22.2 mu M 6-benzyladenine (BA) and 0-6.8 mu M thidiazuron (TDZ) then transferred for an additional 4 weeks on MS medium with Gamborg B5 vitamins plus 0.2 g L-1 glycine (B5G) containing 6.7 mu M BA, 1 mu M indole-3-butryic acid (IBA), and 0.29 mu M gibberellic acid (GA(3)). As adventitious shoots developed, these were transferred to a MSB5G medium with 13.3 mu M BA, 1 mu M IBA, and 0.29 mu M GA(3) for shoot elongation. Elongated shoots were successfully micropropagated using MSB5 medium with 10 mu M BA and 10 mu M TDZ. Adventitious root formation was as high as 94% using woody plant medium supplemented with 4.9 mu M IBA with shoots cultured for 10 days in the dark followed by culture under a 16-h photoperiod. Acclimatization to the greenhouse was successful and normal plant growth was observed. This protocol will provide a means for genetic transformation for EAB resistance and mass propagation for conservation. C1 [Pijut, Paula M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, HTIRC, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Stevens, Micah E.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, Hardwood Tree Improvement & Regenerat Ctr HTIRC, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Pijut, PM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, HTIRC, 715 W State St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM ppijut@purdue.edu RI Pijut, Paula/N-6789-2015 FU Purdue University FX The authors gratefully acknowledge Drs. Marina Kalyaeva and John Preece for their constructive review and suggestions for the improvement of this manuscript. Financial support for this work came from a Fred M. van Eck scholarship for Purdue University to Micah Stevens. The mention of a trademark, proprietary product, or vendor does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products or vendors that also may be suitable. NR 41 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 21 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6857 EI 1573-5044 J9 PLANT CELL TISS ORG JI Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 108 IS 1 BP 129 EP 135 DI 10.1007/s11240-011-0021-9 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 879KX UT WOS:000299329200014 ER PT J AU Munyaneza, JE Sengoda, VG Buchman, JL Fisher, TW AF Munyaneza, Joseph E. Sengoda, Venkatesan G. Buchman, Jeremy L. Fisher, Tonja W. TI Effects of Temperature on 'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum' and Zebra Chip Potato Disease Symptom Development SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID BACTERICERA-COCKERELLI HOMOPTERA; 1ST REPORT; SOLANUM-TUBEROSUM; GREENING DISEASE; CAUSAL AGENT; CITRUS; ASSOCIATION; BRAZIL; SULC; L. AB Munyaneza, J. E., Sengoda, V. G., Buchman, J. L., and Fisher, T. W. 2012. Effects of temperature on 'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum' and zebra chip potato disease symptom development. Plant Dis. 96:18-23. Temperature has been shown to have a significant effect on development of liberibacter species associated with citrus Huanglongbing disease. 'Candidatus Liberibacter africanus' and 'Ca. L. americanus' are both heat sensitive, whereas 'Ca. L. asiaticus' is heat tolerant. The recently described 'Ca. L. solanacearum' is associated with zebra chip (ZC), a newly emerging and economically important disease of potato worldwide. This psyllid-transmitted liberibacter species severely affects several other solanaceous crops and carrot. Experiments were conducted to evaluate effects of temperature on development of 'Ca. L. solanacearum' and ZC disease. Potato plants were inoculated with 'Ca. L. solanacearum' by briefly exposing them to liberibacter-infective 'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum' and potato psyllids at various temperatures under laboratory conditions. Following insect exposure, the plants were maintained at selected temperature regimes in growth chambers, monitored for ZC symptom development, and later tested for liberibacter by polymerase chain reaction to confirm infection. Results indicated that temperatures below 17 degrees C appear to slow development of 'Ca. L. solanacearum' and ZC symptoms, whereas temperatures above 32 degrees C are detrimental to this liberibacter. Compared to Huanglongbing liberibacters, 'Ca. L. solanacearum' appears heat sensitive. The sensitivity of this bacterium and its insect vector to temperature may partially explain incidence, severity, and distribution of ZC in affected regions. C1 [Munyaneza, Joseph E.; Sengoda, Venkatesan G.; Buchman, Jeremy L.; Fisher, Tonja W.] ARS, USDA, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. RP Munyaneza, JE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Yakima Agr Res Lab, 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. EM Joseph.Munyaneza@ars.usda.gov FU Frito Lay, Inc.; USDA-ARS; Texas Department of Agriculture; USDA-RAMP [2009-51101-05892]; USDA-SCRI [2009-51181-20176] FX We thank Millie Heidt and Blaine Heilman for their invaluable technical support. We are also grateful to anonymous reviewers who made suggestions to an earlier draft of this article. Financial support for this work was partially provided by Frito Lay, Inc., USDA-ARS State Cooperative Potato Research Program, Texas Department of Agriculture, USDA-RAMP (Project 2009-51101-05892) and USDA-SCRI (Project 2009-51181-20176). NR 39 TC 16 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 21 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 96 IS 1 BP 18 EP 23 DI 10.1094/PDIS-03-11-0185 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 864UB UT WOS:000298264500002 ER PT J AU Wan, AM Chen, XM AF Wan, Anmin Chen, Xianming TI Virulence, Frequency, and Distribution of Races of Puccinia striiformis f. sp tritici P. striiformis f. sp hordei Identified in the United States in 2008 and 2009 SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID STRIPE RUST RESISTANCE; WHEAT CULTIVARS; CHROMOSOMAL LOCATION; NORTH-AMERICA; YR4 LOCI; GENES; DIVERSITY; BARLEY; EPIDEMIOLOGY; POPULATIONS AB Wan, A. M., and Chen, X. M. 2012. Virulence, frequency, and distribution of races of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici and P. striiformis f. sp. hordei identified in the United States in 2008 and 2009. Plant Dis. 96:67-74. Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici and P. striiformis f. sp. hordei, the causal agents of stripe rust on wheat and barley, respectively, can change rapidly in virulence, and such changes may overcome resistance in cultivars and result in severe epidemics. To monitor virulence changes in the pathogen populations, isolates obtained from stripe rust samples collected by the authors and collaborators from 17 U.S. states in 2008 and 13 states in 2009 were tested on 20 wheat and 12 barley differential lines to identify races of P striiformis f. triad and P striiformis f. sp. hordei, respectively. In 2008, 33 P. striiformis f. tritici (PST) races were detected, including a new race, PST-138, which was similar to previously identified PST-127 (virulent on wheat differentials I, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, and 20) but not virulent on differential 8. The five most frequent races were PST-114 (virulent on differentials 1, 3, 4, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 16, 17, 18, 19, and 20), PST-100 (virulent on differentials 1, 3, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 16, 17, 18, 19, and 20), PST-116 (similar to PST-114 plus virulent on differential 5), PST-101 (similar to PST-100 plus virulent on differential 2), and PST-98 (similar to PST-100 but not virulent on differential 9). In 2009, 26 P. striiformis f. tritici races were identified, including two new races, PST-139 and PST-140. PST-139 was similar to PST-127 but not virulent on differentials 16 and 20. PST-140 was similar to PST-114 but not virulent on differential 9. The five most frequent races were PST-139 (19%), PST-140 (14%), PST-114 (11%), PST-116 (10%), and PST-127 (9%). However, the most widely distributed races were PST-98 (in 10 of the 14 states) and PST-102 (in 7 of the 14 states). Differential genotype AvSYr5NIL (Yr5) was the only one among the 20 differentials that remained resistant to all of the identified races. Virulence diversity of the P. striiformis f. tritici populations was higher west of the Rocky Mountains. For barley stripe rust, P. striiformis f. sp. hordei (PSH)-33 (virulent on barley differentials 1 and 7) was the most common (46%) of the 11 races detected in 2008, including a new race, PSH-82 (virulent only on barley differentials I and 11). In 2009, six previously identified races were detected, of which five (PSH-16, PSH-38, PSH-46, PSH-54, and PSH-71) were detected in Washington and two (PSH-54 and PSH-70) in Oregon. The information on P. striiformis f. sp. tritici and P. striiformis f. sp. hordei races should be useful in selecting genes for developing cultivars with effective stripe rust resistance. C1 [Chen, Xianming] Washington State Univ, USDA, ARS, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit,Dept Plan, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Wan, Anmin] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Chen, XM (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA, ARS, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit,Dept Plan, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM xianming@wsu.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service [5348-22000-014-00D]; Washington State University [13C-3061-3923, 13C-3061-3925]; Washington Grain Commission; Washington Wheat Commission FX This research was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service (project number 5348-22000-014-00D), Washington State University (project number 13C-3061-3923 and 13C-3061-3925), and Washington Grain Commission. We thank the Washington Wheat Commission for financial support for this project. We thank Z. Abate, R. Allan, D. Barta, R. Bowden, C. Bradley, M. Burrows, O. Cantu, J. Chen, E. DeWolf, J. Dubcovsky, F. Dugan, P. Esker, B. Fogleman, W. Grey, C. Griffey, A. Grybauskas, S. Haley, S. Harrison, J. Hayes, P. Hayes, R. Herrington, D. Hershman, C. Hollingsworth, R. Hunger, L. Jackson, B. Jacobsen, Y. Jin, M. Johnston, B. Kennedy, M. Kolding, N. Kumar, D. Long, S. Lyon, D. Marshall, J. Marshall, M. McMullen, E. Milus, B. Padgett, J. Serimian, K. Shantz, G. Shelton, B. Simoneaux, S. Smith, J. Stein, E. Stromberg, N. Tisserat, H. Wetzel, and J. Youmans for collecting and sending stripe rust samples in 2008 and 2009; and R. F. Line and E. Milus for critical review of the manuscript. NR 36 TC 31 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 96 IS 1 BP 67 EP 74 DI 10.1094/PDIS-02-11-0119 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 864UB UT WOS:000298264500009 ER PT J AU Twizeyimana, M Hartman, GL AF Twizeyimana, M. Hartman, G. L. TI Pathogenic Variation of Phakopsora pachyrhizi Isolates on Soybean in the United States from 2006 to 2009 SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID PHYSIOLOGICAL RACES; PUCCINIA-TRITICINA; PLANT-PATHOGENS; RUST RESISTANCE; 1ST REPORT; VIRULENCE; IDENTIFICATION; NOMENCLATURE; INHERITANCE; PATHOTYPES AB Twizeyimana, M., and Hartman, G. L. 2012. Pathogenic variation of Phakopsora pachyrhizi isolates on soybean in the United States from 2006 to 2009. Plant Dis. 96:75-81. The introduction of Phakopsora pachyrhizi, the cause of soybean rust, into the United States is a classic case of a pathogen introduction that became established in a new geographical region overwintering on a perennial host (kudzu, Pueraria lobata). The objective of our study was to classify the pathogenic variation of P. pachyrhizi isolates collected in the United States, and to determine the spatial and temporal associations. In total, 72 isolates of P. pachyrhizi collected from infected kudzu and soybean leaves in the United States were purified, then established and increased on detached soybean leaves. These isolates were tested for virulence and aggressiveness on a differential set of soybean genotypes that included six genotypes with known resistance genes (Rpp), one resistant genotype without any known characterized resistance gene, and a susceptible genotype. Three pathotypes were identified among the 72 U.S. P. pachyrhizi isolates based on the virulence of these isolates on the genotypes in the differential set. Six aggressiveness groups were established based on sporulating-uredinia production recorded for each isolate on each soybean genotype. All three pathotypes and all six aggressiveness groups were found in isolates collected from the southern region and from both hosts (kudzu or soybean) in 2008. Shannon's index based on the number of pathotypes indicated that isolates from the South region were more diverse (H = 0.83) compared with the isolates collected in other regions. This study establishes a baseline of pathogenic variation of P. pachyrhizi in the United States that can be further compared with variation reported in other regions of the world and in future studies that monitor P. pachyrhizi virulence in association to deployment of rust resistance genes. C1 [Hartman, G. L.] Univ Illinois, USDA, ARS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Twizeyimana, M.; Hartman, G. L.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Hartman, GL (reprint author), Univ Illinois, USDA, ARS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM ghartman@illinois.edu OI Twizeyimana, Mathias/0000-0003-2173-6693 FU United Soybean Board FX We thank the United Soybean Board for partial financial support of this research, R. L. Nelson and his staff (United States Department of Agriculture Soybean Germplasm Collection Center, Urbana, IL.) for providing soybean seed used in this study, T. Herman for her editorial inputs, and others associated with researchers listed in Table 1 who assisted in providing infected leaf material. NR 38 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 96 IS 1 BP 75 EP 81 DI 10.1094/PDIS-05-11-0379 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 864UB UT WOS:000298264500010 ER PT J AU Caesar, AJ Lartey, RT Caesar-Ton-That, TC AF Caesar, A. J. Lartey, R. T. Caesar-Ton-That, T. -C. TI First Report of a Root and Crown Disease of the Invasive Weed Lepidium draba Caused by Phoma macrostoma SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Caesar, A. J.; Lartey, R. T.; Caesar-Ton-That, T. -C.] ARS, USDA, No Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. RP Caesar, AJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, No Plains Agr Res Lab, 1500 N Cent Ave, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 96 IS 1 BP 145 EP 145 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 864UB UT WOS:000298264500031 ER PT J AU Grisham, MP Maroon-Lango, CJ Hale, AL AF Grisham, M. P. Maroon-Lango, C. J. Hale, A. L. TI First Report of Sorghum mosaic virus Causing Mosaic in Miscanthus sinensis SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Grisham, M. P.; Hale, A. L.] ARS, USDA, Sugarcane Res Unit, Houma, LA 70360 USA. [Maroon-Lango, C. J.] USDA, APHIS, PPQ, PHP,RIPPS,Plant Germplasm Quarantine Program, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Grisham, MP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Sugarcane Res Unit, Houma, LA 70360 USA. NR 2 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 7 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 96 IS 1 BP 150 EP 151 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 864UB UT WOS:000298264500045 ER PT J AU Nouwakpo, SK Huang, CH AF Nouwakpo, Sayjro K. Huang, Chi-hua TI A Simplified Close-Range Photogrammetric Technique for Soil Erosion Assessment SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID DIGITAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY; GULLY EROSION; SURFACE; PHOTOGRAPHY; RATES AB Surface reconstruction using digital photogrammetry offers a great advantage for soil erosion research. The technology can be cumbersome for field application because it relies on the accurate measurement of control points, often using a survey-grade instrument. Also, even though digital photogrammetry has been used in much soil erosion research, its sensitivity in detecting soil elevation changes has rarely been assessed. This study aimed at simplifying the digital photogrammetric procedure for soil erosion research and assessing the sensitivity of this technology to detect soil erosion. To simplify the technology, we propose to combine a photogrammetric procedure for control point generation in a first step, followed by a conventional photogrammetric digital elevation model (DEM) extraction procedure. The performance of the method was assessed in the laboratory and tested in the field to digitize ephemeral gullies. In the accuracy test of photogrammetric survey step, we found that the maximum length measurement error was 3.4 mm, while the maximum angular deviation from the vertical or horizontal axes was 0.93 degrees. The maximum error between control point coordinates generated by photogrammetry and those generated by a survey-grade total station was 26 mm on the horizontal axes and 10 mm on the vertical axis. We also found that the sensitivity of digital photogrammetry in detecting soil surface elevation changes was similar to that of a laser scanner when the detection was performed on smooth soil surfaces and when the standard deviation of the elevation changes was approximately three times the precision of the photogrammetric DEM. C1 [Nouwakpo, Sayjro K.] Purdue Univ, Dep Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Huang, Chi-hua] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Nouwakpo, SK (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dep Agron, 275 S Russell St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM snouwakp@purdue.edu NR 26 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 5 U2 37 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 76 IS 1 BP 70 EP 84 DI 10.2136/sssaj2011.0148 PG 15 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 877ZC UT WOS:000299220200008 ER PT J AU Brown, RA McDaniel, P Gessler, PE AF Brown, R. A. McDaniel, Paul Gessler, Paul E. TI Terrain Attribute Modeling of Volcanic Ash Distributions in Northern Idaho SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; SOIL-LANDSCAPE; MOUNT MAZAMA; USA; PREDICTION; REGRESSION; HISTORY; EROSION; INDEX; LIDAR AB Volcanic ash mantles many landscapes of the Inland Pacific Northwest region of the United States. Because of the close link to forest productivity in the region, understanding processes that have affected the present-day distribution and characteristics of these ash mantles is important for forest soil management. Presence or absence, thickness, and degree of ash mantle mixing were evaluated at 84 randomly selected stratified sites in the Palouse Range of northern Idaho. A 1-m digital elevation model (DEM) was generated for the Palouse Range using light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data and resampled to 10-, 15-, 20-, and 30-m grid resolutions. Terrain attributes derived from these DEMs were used to model volcanic ash mantle presence or absence, thickness, and degree of mixing using classification and regression trees. Model accuracy for ash presence was assessed using 572 data points collected by the NRCS as part of a soil survey update. Overall, elevation was the single variable most related to the presence or absence, degree of mixing, and thickness of a volcanic ash mantle; other terrain attributes had less predictive value in modeling ash mantle characteristics. The 30-m grid resolution provided the best model of ash presence or absence, with 78% accuracy, indicating good promise for digitally mapping Andisols and related soils across the region. The various grid resolutions had little effect on the outcome and predictive ability of the models, and the overall accuracy of the models varied by only 2%. Moister, higher elevation plant communities provide a protective forest canopy and thick litter layer, which result in a relatively undisturbed ash mantle. At lower elevation where forest canopy is less dense, ash mantles are thinner, highly mixed, or absent. C1 [Brown, R. A.] USDA NRCS, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA. [McDaniel, Paul] Univ Idaho, Soil & Land Resources Div, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Gessler, Paul E.] Univ Idaho, Dep Forest Ecol & Biogeosci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. RP Brown, RA (reprint author), USDA NRCS, 590 Univ Ave, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA. EM Robert.A.Brown@ak.usda.gov RI McDaniel, Paul/A-8954-2009 FU Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station FX We thank the NRCS for contributing soil survey data to this project and Anita Falen, University of Idaho, for laboratory analyses. We also acknowledge the financial support of the Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 43 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 10 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 76 IS 1 BP 179 EP 187 DI 10.2136/sssaj2011.0205 PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 877ZC UT WOS:000299220200019 ER PT J AU Dabney, SM Wilson, GV McGregor, KC Vieira, DAN AF Dabney, Seth M. Wilson, Glenn V. McGregor, Keith C. Vieira, Dalmo A. N. TI Runoff Through and Upslope of Contour Switchgrass Hedges SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SOIL LOSS; GRASS HEDGES; CONSERVATION TILLAGE; FILTER STRIPS; CURVE NUMBERS; EROSION; FLOW; MANAGEMENT; EVENTS; COTTON AB Grass hedges are specialized vegetative buffers effective in trapping sediment, but less is known about their ability to reduce or redirect runoff. Runoff and sediment yield from natural rainfall were measured during 8 yr from 0.1-ha contour-planted plots with and without 1-m-wide switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) hedges at their lower ends. Plots had slope lengths of 22 m with a steepness of 5%, were located on silt loam soils near Holly Springs, MS, and were cropped to conventional-tillage corn (Zea mays L.). During the first 4 yr of the study, care was taken to conduct tillage is such a way that no soil was thrown into the grass hedge, while during the last 4 yr of the study, primary disk tillage immediately adjacent to the grass hedges created soil berms that acted as low terraces. Hedges reduced the fraction of rainfall that ran off the plots, and hedges with soil berms reduced runoff even more. The runoff curve number (CN) for a 2-yr return period rainfall event was about 78 for plots with no hedges, 70 for plots with hedges, and 61 for plots with hedges with berms. Without berms, 95% of runoff passed through the hedges. In contrast, with berms most runoff (>85% from runoff events <3 mm d(-1); >55% for events <80 mm d(-1)) flowed upslope of and parallel to the hedges. With or without berms, grass hedges decrease sediment yield by a factor of 0.25 to 0.28. C1 [Dabney, Seth M.; Wilson, Glenn V.; McGregor, Keith C.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. [Vieira, Dalmo A. N.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, State Univ, AR 72467 USA. RP Dabney, SM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, POB 1157, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. EM seth.dabney@ars.usda.gov NR 39 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 16 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 76 IS 1 BP 210 EP 219 DI 10.2136/sssaj2011.0019 PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 877ZC UT WOS:000299220200022 ER PT J AU Hou, RX Ouyang, Z Li, YS Tyler, DD Li, FD Wilson, GV AF Hou, Ruixing Ouyang, Zhu Li, Yunsheng Tyler, Donald D. Li, Fadong Wilson, Glenn V. TI Effects of Tillage and Residue Management on Soil Organic Carbon and Total Nitrogen in the North China Plain SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID LONG-TERM TILLAGE; SANDY-LOAM SOIL; NO-TILLAGE; CROPPING SYSTEMS; BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION; SEQUESTRATION RATES; AGRICULTURAL SOILS; BULK-DENSITY; MATTER; DYNAMICS AB A suitable tillage-residue management system is needed in the North China Plain (NCP) that sustains soil fertility and agronomic productivity. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of different tillage-residue managements for a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and summer maize (Zea mays L.) double-crop system on soil organic carbon (SOC) and total N pools. No-tillage with residue cover (NTR), no-tillage with residue removed and manure applied (NTRRM), and conventional tillage with residue removed (CTRR) were investigated for 6 yr, based on a uniform N application among treatments. Soil samples were collected at six depths and changes in SOC and total N pools were analyzed. Treatments of NTRRM and NTR sequestered more SOC and total N in the 0- to 5-cm depth than CTRR. In the subsoil (5-60 cm), annual SOC sequestration was 0.01 and -0.40 Mg ha(-1) yr(-1) for NTRRM and NTR, respectively, while CTRR exhibited a significantly positive SOC pool trend. In the whole soil profile (0-60 cm), NTRRM, NTR, and CTRR sequestered SOC at the rates of 0.66, 0.27 and 2.24 Mg ha(-1) yr(-1). When manure was applied to substitute for the N lost from residue removal, the NTRRM tended to accumulate more SOC than NTR, and had similar accumulation as NTR in total N pools, grain yield, and aboveground biomass. Crop residue could be substituted by manure in this double-crop, irrigated system. Conventional tillage, with residue removed, was suitable in soil fertility and agronomic productivity relative to NTRRM and NTR in the NCP. C1 [Hou, Ruixing; Ouyang, Zhu; Li, Yunsheng; Li, Fadong] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Ecosyst Network Observat & Modeling, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Hou, Ruixing; Ouyang, Zhu; Li, Yunsheng; Li, Fadong] China Acad Sci, Yucheng Comprehens Exp Stn, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Hou, Ruixing] Chinese Acad Sci, Grad Univ, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Tyler, Donald D.] Univ Tennessee, Dep Biosyst Eng & Soil Sci, Jackson, TN 38301 USA. [Wilson, Glenn V.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Ouyang, Z (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Ecosyst Network Observat & Modeling, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. EM ouyz@igsnrr.ac.cn FU Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDA050500001, KSCX1-YW-09-06]; Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2004CB720501] FX This work was jointly supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA050500001, grant KSCX1-YW-09-06 and Hundred Talents Program) and the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (grant 2004CB720501). Authors thank Yuhong Dong, Xiaoqin Dai, Yinxia Zhu, and Bin Li for their participation in the field measurement. Also we thank three anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments, which helped in improving the manuscript. NR 50 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 4 U2 53 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 76 IS 1 BP 230 EP 240 DI 10.2136/sssaj2011.0107 PG 11 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 877ZC UT WOS:000299220200024 ER PT J AU Elmore, SA Jenkins, EJ Huyvaert, KP Polley, L Root, JJ Moore, CG AF Elmore, Stacey A. Jenkins, Emily J. Huyvaert, Kathryn P. Polley, Lydden Root, J. Jeffrey Moore, Chester G. TI Toxoplasma gondii in Circumpolar People and Wildlife SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Review DE Epidemiology; Parasitology; Toxoplasma; Transmission; Zoonotic ID EXPERIMENTALLY INFECTED SEALS; REINDEER RANGIFER-TARANDUS; SEROLOGIC SURVEY; UNITED-STATES; ARCTIC FOXES; CONGENITAL TRANSMISSION; MEPHITIS-MEPHITIS; NEOSPORA-CANINUM; PREGNANT-WOMEN; GRIZZLY-BEARS AB Despite extensive worldwide surveillance in populations of both people and wildlife, relatively little is known about Toxoplasma gondii ecology in the circumpolar north. Many northern animals and people demonstrate exposure to T. gondii, but the apparent low densities of domestic or wild felids suggest that additional transmission mechanisms are responsible for T. gondii persistence in high latitudes, whether remote source (from another region), vertical, or dietary. People in these northern communities who practice subsistence hunting might have an increased infection risk due to traditional food preparation techniques and frequent handling of wild game. Recent advances in T. gondii genotyping, understanding of host-parasite relationships, and increased human and wildlife surveillance will help to address knowledge gaps about parasite evolution, distribution, and abundance throughout the Arctic and Subarctic. C1 [Elmore, Stacey A.; Jenkins, Emily J.; Polley, Lydden] Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Vet Microbiol, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada. [Huyvaert, Kathryn P.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Root, J. Jeffrey] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Moore, Chester G.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Elmore, SA (reprint author), Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Vet Microbiol, 52 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada. EM stacey.elmore@usask.ca RI Huyvaert, Kathryn/A-2710-2009 OI Huyvaert, Kathryn/0000-0003-3302-030X FU National Science and Engineering Research Council; Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan FX The authors thank R.C.A. Thompson for reviewing this article before submission. Partial financial support was provided by the National Science and Engineering Research Council Postgraduate Scholarship Fund and the Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan. NR 72 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 26 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 EI 1557-7759 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 12 IS 1 BP 1 EP 9 DI 10.1089/vbz.2011.0705 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 876MY UT WOS:000299112800001 PM 21995261 ER PT J AU Burand, JP Kim, W Afonso, CL Tulman, ER Kutish, GF Lu, ZQ Rock, DL AF Burand, John P. Kim, Woojin Afonso, Claudio L. Tulman, Edan R. Kutish, Gerald F. Lu, Zhiqiang Rock, Daniel L. TI Analysis of the Genome of the Sexually Transmitted Insect Virus Helicoverpa zea Nudivirus 2 SO VIRUSES-BASEL LA English DT Article DE nudivirus; sterile insects; baculovirus; sexually transmitted virus; virus genome; juvenile hormone esterase; HzNV-2; HzNV-1; corn earworm; Helicoverpa zea ID NUCLEAR POLYHEDROSIS-VIRUS; AUTOGRAPHA-CALIFORNICA NUCLEOPOLYHEDROVIRUS; OCCLUSION-DERIVED VIRUS; LATE GENE-EXPRESSION; BOMBYX-MORI NUCLEOPOLYHEDROVIRUS; BACULOVIRUS ALKALINE NUCLEASE; MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; HELIOTHIS-VIRESCENS LARVAE; STRAND BREAK REPAIR; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE AB The sexually transmitted insect virus Helicoverpa zea nudivirus 2 (HzNV-2) was determined to have a circular double-stranded DNA genome of 231,621 bp coding for an estimated 113 open reading frames (ORFs). HzNV-2 is most closely related to the nudiviruses, a sister group of the insect baculoviruses. Several putative ORFs that share homology with the baculovirus core genes were identified in the viral genome. However, HzNV-2 lacks several key genetic features of baculoviruses including the late transcriptional regulation factor, LEF-1 and the palindromic hrs, which serve as origins of replication. The HzNV-2 genome was found to code for three ORFs that had significant sequence homology to cellular genes which are not generally found in viral genomes. These included a presumed juvenile hormone esterase gene, a gene coding for a putative zinc-dependent matrix metalloprotease, and a major facilitator superfamily protein gene; all of which are believed to play a role in the cellular proliferation and the tissue hypertrophy observed in the malformation of reproductive organs observed in HzNV-2 infected corn earworm moths, Helicoverpa zea. C1 [Burand, John P.; Kim, Woojin] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Plant Soil & Insect Sci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Afonso, Claudio L.; Tulman, Edan R.; Kutish, Gerald F.; Lu, Zhiqiang; Rock, Daniel L.] ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. RP Burand, JP (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Plant Soil & Insect Sci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM jburand@microbio.umass.edu; wjkim@psis.umass.edu; claudio.afonso@ars.usda.gov; edan.tulman@uconn.edu; gkutish@netzero.net; zhiqiang.lu@dhs.gov; dlrock@illinois.edu FU USDA NRICGP [2001-35302-10885]; Cooperative State Research Extension, Education Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture; Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station; Department of Plant Soil and Insect Science [MAS00909, MAS00972] FX This material is based upon work supported by USDA NRICGP Grant #2001-35302-10885, the Cooperative State Research Extension, Education Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, the Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station and the Department of Plant Soil and Insect Science, under Projects No. MAS00909 and MAS00972. NR 117 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 15 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1999-4915 J9 VIRUSES-BASEL JI Viruses-Basel PD JAN PY 2012 VL 4 IS 1 BP 28 EP 61 DI 10.3390/v4010028 PG 34 WC Virology SC Virology GA 882DS UT WOS:000299542400002 PM 22355451 ER PT J AU Horvath, L Peralta, P Peszlen, I Csoka, L Horvath, B Jakes, J AF Horvath, Laszlo Peralta, Perry Peszlen, Ilona Csoka, Levente Horvath, Balazs Jakes, Joseph TI MODELING HYGROELASTIC PROPERTIES OF GENETICALLY MODIFIED ASPEN SO WOOD AND FIBER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Cell wall; computer modeling; hydrophilicity; lignin; transgenic aspen ID CELL-WALL CONSTITUENTS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; ELASTIC-MODULUS; YOUNGS MODULUS; LONGITUDINAL ELASTICITY; SHRINKAGE PROPERTIES; WOOD FIBERS; PART 1; SOFTWOOD; CELLULOSE AB Numerical and three-dimensional finite element models were developed to improve understanding of major factors affecting hygroelastic wood properties. Effects of chemical composition, microfibril angle, crystallinity, structure of microfibrils, moisture content, and hydrophilicity of the cell wall were included in the model. Wood from wild-type and decreased-lignin transgenic aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) was used for experimental validation of the computer model. The model was able to predict longitudinal elastic modulus of microfibrils and woody cell walls. The difference in longitudinal elastic properties between wild-type and genetically modified aspen wood was predicted well only when additional softening of hemicelluloses and amorphous cellulose of transgenic aspen was included in the model. C1 [Horvath, Laszlo; Peralta, Perry; Peszlen, Ilona; Horvath, Balazs] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forest Biomat, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Csoka, Levente] Univ W Hungary, Fac Wood Sci, H-9400 Sopron, Hungary. [Jakes, Joseph] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Peszlen, I (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forest Biomat, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM laszlo_horvath@vt.edu; Perry_Peralta@ncsu.edu; ilona_peszlen@ncsu.edu; lcsoka@fmk.nyme.hu; balihorvath@gmail.com; jjakes@fs.fed.us RI Csoka, Levente/E-6241-2015 OI Csoka, Levente/0000-0002-9687-7709 FU National Research Initiative of USDA-CSREES [2005-35504-16145] FX This project was supported by the National Research Initiative of USDA-CSREES, grant number 2005-35504-16145. The plants and greenhouse facilities were provided by Dr. Vincent Chiang, North Carolina State University, Forest Biotechnology Group. We especially thank Dr. Bo Kasal and Dr. M. K. Ramasubramanian for their valuable advice. NR 56 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 7 PU SOC WOOD SCI TECHNOL PI MADISON PA ONE GIFFORD PINCHOT DR, MADISON, WI 53705 USA SN 0735-6161 J9 WOOD FIBER SCI JI Wood Fiber Sci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 44 IS 1 BP 22 EP 35 PG 14 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 880JW UT WOS:000299404400004 ER PT J AU Yadama, V Lowell, EC Langum, CE AF Yadama, Vikram Lowell, Eini C. Langum, Christopher E. TI CHARACTERIZATION OF WOOD STRANDS FROM YOUNG, SMALL-DIAMETER DOUGLAS-FIR AND WESTERN HEMLOCK TREES SO WOOD AND FIBER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Douglas-fir; western hemlock; juvenile wood; wood strands; mechanical properties; tensile properties ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MICROFIBRIL ANGLE; STAND DENSITY; GROWTH; PREDICTION; STIFFNESS; QUALITY AB Tensile properties of strands processed from small-diameter Douglas-fir and western hemlock trees grown on the Washington coast were analyzed and effects of location within the tree on properties was examined. Reduction factors for strand properties relative to small, clear solid wood specimen properties were determined by correlating strand properties to previously examined small, clear solid wood specimen properties from the same set of trees. These reductions can be assumed to be damage reduction factors that could help in understanding the expected reduction in tensile or flexure property values from testing solid wood specimens to estimate strand tensile properties. The reduction factors ranged between 0.62 and 0.70 for Douglas-fir and 0.79 and 0.82 for western hemlock for the modulus and were approximately 0.46 for both Douglas-fir and western hemlock for strand tensile strength properties. Measured and calculated strand properties, based on transformation equations, will provide needed values for constructing constitutive relationships when modeling strand-based composites. These properties can also be estimated based on solid wood test specimens if necessary. C1 [Yadama, Vikram; Langum, Christopher E.] Washington State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Lowell, Eini C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland, OR 97205 USA. RP Yadama, V (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM vyadama@wsu.edu; elowell@fs.fed.us; clangum@hotmail.com NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU SOC WOOD SCI TECHNOL PI MADISON PA ONE GIFFORD PINCHOT DR, MADISON, WI 53705 USA SN 0735-6161 J9 WOOD FIBER SCI JI Wood Fiber Sci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 44 IS 1 BP 36 EP 45 PG 10 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 880JW UT WOS:000299404400005 ER PT J AU Bergman, RD Bowe, SA AF Bergman, Richard D. Bowe, Scott A. TI LIFE-CYCLE INVENTORY OF MANUFACTURING HARDWOOD LUMBER IN SOUTHEASTERN US SO WOOD AND FIBER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Life-cycle inventory; hardwood lumber; southeastern US; LCI; CORRIM; gate-to-gate; green building; manufacturing ID SOFTWOOD LUMBER; ENVIRONMENTAL-IMPACT; WOOD PRODUCTS AB Environmental impacts associated with the building industry have become of increasing importance. Materials and energy consumed during manufacture of building materials such as lumber affect a building's environmental performance. This study determined environmental impacts of manufacturing hardwood lumber in the southeastern US using the life-cycle inventory method. Primary data were collected and then weight-averaged on a per-unit basis of 1.0 m(3) of planed dry lumber (600 oven-dry kg/m(3)) to find material flows and energy use. Cumulative allocated energy consumption for manufacturing 1.0 m(3) planed dry lumber from 2.44 m(3) of incoming logs was 5.86 GJ/m(3) with 66% from wood fuel. Emission data produced through modeling estimated total biomass and fossil carbon dioxide production of 424 and 131 kg/m(3), respectively, considering all impacts. A cubic meter of planed dry hardwood lumber stores 1.17 Mg CO(2) equivalents as a final product. The amount of carbon stored in hardwood lumber exceeds fossil carbon emissions by a factor of nine. Therefore, as long as hardwood lumber and its carbon stay in products held in end uses, carbon stored will exceed fossil carbon emitted in manufacturing. C1 [Bergman, Richard D.] US Forest Serv, Econ & Stat Unit, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Bowe, Scott A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Bergman, RD (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Econ & Stat Unit, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM rbergman@fs.fed.us; sbowe@wisc.cdu FU USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory through CORRIM [JV1111169-211]; USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory through USDOE [JV1111169-211] FX We thank the late Susan Regan and the Hardwood Manufacturing Association for their invaluable assistance in gathering the primary data and Maureen E. Puettmann and James B. Wilson for aid on technical aspects of LCI. Also, we gratefully acknowledge the financial assistance provided for this research project by the USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory (JV1111169-211) through CORRIM and the USDOE. NR 35 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 7 PU SOC WOOD SCI TECHNOL PI MADISON PA ONE GIFFORD PINCHOT DR, MADISON, WI 53705 USA SN 0735-6161 J9 WOOD FIBER SCI JI Wood Fiber Sci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 44 IS 1 BP 71 EP 84 PG 14 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 880JW UT WOS:000299404400009 ER PT J AU Caperna, TJ Shannon, AE Blomberg, LA Garrett, WM Ramsay, TG AF Caperna, T. J. Shannon, A. E. Blomberg, L. A. Garrett, W. M. Ramsay, T. G. TI Iron dextran treatment does not induce serum protein carbonyls in the newborn pig SO ANIMAL LA English DT Article DE 2D-PAGE; MALDI-TOF-MS; LCMS/MS; protein oxidation; iron; alpha 1-antitrypsin ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; FETUIN-A; CALCIFICATION; SUPPLEMENTATION; LIVER AB Oxidation of serum proteins can lead to carbonyl formation that alters their function and is often associated with stress-related diseases. As it is recommended that all pigs reared in modern production facilities be given supplemental iron at birth to prevent anemia, and metals can catalyze the carbonylation of proteins, the primary objective of this study was to determine whether standard iron dextran treatment was associated with enhanced serum protein oxidation in newborn piglets. Piglets were treated with 100 mg of iron dextran intramuscularly either on the day of birth, or on the third day after birth. Blood samples were collected from piglets 48 or 96 h after treatment and serum was harvested. For quantification, serum protein carbonyls were converted to hydrazones with dinitrophenyl hydrazine and analyzed spectrophotometrically. To identify and determine relative distribution of carbonylated proteins, serum protein carbonyls were derivatized with biotin hydrazide, separated by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, stained with avidin-fluorescein and identified by mass spectrometry. The standard iron dextran treatment was associated with no increase in total oxidized proteins if given either on the first or third day of life. In addition, with a few noted exceptions, the overall distribution and identification of oxidized proteins were similar between control and iron dextran-treated pigs. These results indicate that while iron dextran treatment is associated with a marked increase in circulating iron, it does not appear to specifically induce the oxidation of serum proteins. C1 [Caperna, T. J.; Shannon, A. E.; Blomberg, L. A.; Garrett, W. M.; Ramsay, T. G.] USDA, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr,BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Caperna, TJ (reprint author), USDA, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr,BARC E, Bldg 200,Room 202, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM thomas.caperna@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1751-7311 J9 ANIMAL JI Animal PD JAN PY 2012 VL 6 IS 1 BP 79 EP 86 DI 10.1017/S1751731111001303 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Veterinary Sciences SC Agriculture; Veterinary Sciences GA 878PR UT WOS:000299269500010 PM 22436157 ER PT J AU Zhang, YX Zheng, QS Tyree, MT AF Zhang, Yanxiang Zheng, Quanshui Tyree, Melvin T. TI Factors controlling plasticity of leaf morphology in Robinia pseudoacacia L. I: height-associated variation in leaf structure SO ANNALS OF FOREST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Leaf growth; Water stress; Leaf morphology; Leaf anatomy; Tree height ID CARBON-ISOTOPE DISCRIMINATION; TREE HEIGHT; CONDUCTANCE; ANATOMY; CANOPY; GROWTH; LEAVES; LIGHT; SIZE; CO2 AB Physiological ecologists have been fascinated by height- or position-linked differences of leaf morphology within tall trees > 25 m, but the exact cause is still debated, i.e., is it due to light or height-induced water stress? The aim of this study was to demonstrate that relatively small trees (< 15 m) have leaf morphologies that vary with height and that such variation depends on site-moisture variability. Leaves were collected from Robinia pseudoacacia trees at two sites in China with contrasting moisture variability to gather baseline data on leaf morphology parameters. Most measured parameters changed regularly with height. Water potential linearly decreased with height. Leaf area and stomata area decreased with height, while leaf mass per area, carbon isotope composition (delta (13)C), and stomata density increased with height. Mesophyll and epidermal cell width decreased with height, while leaf thickness and palisade cell length increased with height. All the morphology parameters between two sites were also significantly different. Based on the field results, it is concluded that minor variations in water potential at the time of leaf growth influence leaf morphology at both site-level and height-level. Controlled environment experiments will be conducted to confirm this conclusion. C1 [Tyree, Melvin T.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, S Burlington, VT 05403 USA. [Zhang, Yanxiang; Zheng, Quanshui] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Engn Mech, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Yanxiang; Tyree, Melvin T.] Univ Alberta, Dept Renewable Resources, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada. RP Tyree, MT (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, 705 Spear St, S Burlington, VT 05403 USA. EM mttyree@gmail.com RI maosheng , cimu/P-2261-2014 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [30070637] FX This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30070637). NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 6 U2 36 PU SPRINGER FRANCE PI PARIS PA 22 RUE DE PALESTRO, PARIS, 75002, FRANCE SN 1286-4560 J9 ANN FOREST SCI JI Ann. For. Sci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 69 IS 1 BP 29 EP 37 DI 10.1007/s13595-011-0133-8 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 877IH UT WOS:000299170600003 ER PT J AU Zhang, YX Equiza, MA Zheng, QS Tyree, MT AF Zhang, Yanxiang Equiza, Maria Alejandra Zheng, Quanshui Tyree, Melvin T. TI Factors controlling plasticity of leaf morphology in Robinia pseudoacacia L. II: the impact of water stress on leaf morphology of seedlings grown in a controlled environment chamber SO ANNALS OF FOREST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Leaf growth; Water stress; Temporal evolution; Tree height ID HEIGHT; EXPANSION; DEFICIT; LEAVES; CELL; SUNFLOWER; PLANT; VARIABILITY; RESPONSES; PATTERNS AB The cause of morphological plasticity of leaves within the crowns of tall trees still debated. Whether it is driven by irradiance or hydraulic constraints is inconclusive. In a previous study, we hypothesized that water stress caused between-site and within-tree morphological variability in mature Robinia trees. To test this hypothesis, we designed an experiment to analyze the effect of long-term water stress on leaf growth of Robinia seedlings in a controlled environment. Two treatments were performed: well-watered (midday water potential, I (w) = -0.45 MPa) and water-stressed (I (w) = -1.0 Mpa), which resulted in significant differences in physiology, relative growth rate, and the temporal progress of leaf growth. Variation of leaf cell sizes among treatments was comparable to the variability previously observed in the field. However, values of leaf density and leaf mass per unit area tended to be lower in our controlled experiments than in the field, which may reflect differences between mature leaves of juvenile and adult trees. Our tentative conclusion is that leaf water stress may be the primary factor controlling morphological changes observed in the field, but further experiments are needed to document the relative importance of irradiance. C1 [Tyree, Melvin T.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, S Burlington, VT 05403 USA. [Zhang, Yanxiang; Zheng, Quanshui] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Engn Mech, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Yanxiang; Equiza, Maria Alejandra; Tyree, Melvin T.] Univ Alberta, Dept Renewable Resources, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada. RP Tyree, MT (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, 705 Spear St, S Burlington, VT 05403 USA. EM mtyree@fs.fed.us RI maosheng , cimu/P-2261-2014 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [30070637]; United States Forest Service FX The authors thank Bruce Alexander, Greenhouse Manager of ALES Faculty, University of Alberta, for his valuable support. MTT wishes to thank the United States Forest Service for salary support while working at the University of Alberta, which made this study possible. YXZ wishes to thank the China Scholarship Council for travel costs to Canada and thanks to Tsinghua University for granting leave from normal study to conduct research at University of Alberta as a jointly trained PhD student for 18 months.; This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30070637). NR 26 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 31 PU SPRINGER FRANCE PI PARIS PA 22 RUE DE PALESTRO, PARIS, 75002, FRANCE SN 1286-4560 J9 ANN FOREST SCI JI Ann. For. Sci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 69 IS 1 BP 39 EP 47 DI 10.1007/s13595-011-0134-7 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 877IH UT WOS:000299170600004 ER PT J AU Rutledge, CE Keena, MA AF Rutledge, Claire E. Keena, Melody A. TI Mating Frequency and Fecundity in the Emerald Ash Borer Agrilus planipennis (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) SO ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE multiple mating; fecundity; fertility; Allee effect ID SEX-PHEROMONE COMPONENT; CALLOSOBRUCHUS-MACULATUS; NORTH-AMERICAN; PREDATION RISK; FAIRMAIRE; BIOLOGY; BEHAVIOR; DAMAGE; MATE; DISPERSAL AB The consequences of single versus multiple mating on the longevity, fecundity, and fertility of female emerald ash borers Agrilus planipennis (Fairmaire) were examined. In the first treatment, dissections of the common oviduct showed that 43 of 52 singly-mated females had received spermatophores. In the next two treatments, females were observed to mate one time, then housed either alone (observed separate) or with their mate (observed together). In the fourth treatment, females were paired with a randomly chosen male (unobserved together). Weight (0.0428 +/- SE 0.0008 g) and longevity (50.5 +/- SE 1.6 d) of female beetles did not differ among treatments. Fecundity, but not fertility, had a significant positive correlation with longevity in all treatments. Almost all of the females 'observed together' laid eggs (87%, N = 31), while significantly fewer females 'unobserved together' (61%, N = 31) and 'observed separate' (54%, N = 31) did. The fecundity of females that did lay eggs did not differ among treatments. Based on our results a single mating may be sufficient to ensure maximal fecundity for females, but there is potential for failure of any one mating, and no apparent cost to multiple mating. Thus, multiple mating is likely the best strategy for female emerald ash borers to maximize fecundity. The implications of results for laboratory rearing, and potential population level effects are discussed. C1 [Rutledge, Claire E.] Connecticut Agr Expt Stn, Dept Entomol, New Haven, CT 06504 USA. [Keena, Melody A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, NE Ctr Forest Hlth Res, Hamden, CT 06514 USA. RP Rutledge, CE (reprint author), Connecticut Agr Expt Stn, Dept Entomol, POB 1106, New Haven, CT 06504 USA. EM claire.rutledge@ct.gov FU USDA Animal Plant Health Inspection Service [10-IA-11242303-075] FX We thank Kirby Stafford, Louis Magnarelli, Vicente Sanchez, and an anonymous reviewer for their critical review of this paper. We thank Ivich Fraser and her crew at the APHIS facility in Brighton, MI for providing the adults used. We thank D. Agresti, P. Moore, A. Vandel, and M. Scott who provided technical assistance. This project was funded in part by an interagency transfer 10-IA-11242303-075 from USDA Animal Plant Health Inspection Service to USDA Forest Service. NR 48 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 25 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0013-8746 J9 ANN ENTOMOL SOC AM JI Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 105 IS 1 BP 66 EP 72 DI 10.1603/AN11037 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 875HH UT WOS:000299020500009 ER PT J AU Pitts-Singer, TL Buckner, JS Freeman, TP Guedot, C AF Pitts-Singer, Theresa L. Buckner, James S. Freeman, Thomas P. Guedot, Christelle TI Structural Examination of the Dufour's Gland of the Solitary Bees Osmia lignaria and Megachile rotundata (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) SO ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE Apoidea; Dufour's gland; Megachilidae; microscopy; solitary bee ID HONEY-BEE; VOLATILE SECRETIONS; NEST RECOGNITION; ANTHOPHORIDAE; APOIDEA; MORPHOLOGY; HALICTIDAE; ULTRASTRUCTURE; COLLETIDAE; CHEMISTRY AB The Dufour's gland of two solitary cavity-nesting bees, Osmia lignaria Say and Megachile rotundata (F.) (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae), was examined with microscopy to determine the structure and arrangement of the gland in the sting apparatus. The appearance and relative size of the Dufour's gland of these two bee species are similar. Unlike the termination of the Dufour's gland at the base of the sting in the honey bee, Apis mellifera L. (Apidae), the posterior portion of the Dufour's gland in these megachilids enters into the sting bulb along with the venom duct. Within the sting bulb, the Dufour's gland is ventral to and longer than the venom duct. The following evidential findings presented here and elsewhere are in support of the hypothesis that the Dufour's gland is the source of an individual nest recognition cue in these two bee species: 1) the presence of a duct and exit pore at the posterior end of the Dufour's gland that may release glandular secretions, 2) the location of thick, brushy metasomal setae and the setosa membrane that could be used to apply a secretion to a substrate, and 3) the observed dragging of the tip of the abdomen during nest-marking. C1 [Pitts-Singer, Theresa L.] Utah State Univ, ARS, USDA, Bee Biol & Systemat Lab, Logan, UT 84326 USA. [Buckner, James S.] ARS, USDA, Red River Valley Agr Res Ctr, Insect Genet & Biochem Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Freeman, Thomas P.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Electron Microscopy Ctr, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Guedot, Christelle] ARS, USDA, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. RP Pitts-Singer, TL (reprint author), Utah State Univ, ARS, USDA, Bee Biol & Systemat Lab, Logan, UT 84326 USA. EM theresa.pitts-singer@ars.usda.gov NR 47 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 11 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0013-8746 J9 ANN ENTOMOL SOC AM JI Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 105 IS 1 BP 103 EP 110 DI 10.1603/AN11046 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 875HH UT WOS:000299020500014 ER PT J AU Zych, AF Mankin, RW Gillooly, JF Foreman, E AF Zych, Ariel F. Mankin, R. W. Gillooly, James F. Foreman, Everett TI Stridulation by Jadera haematoloma (Hemiptera: Rhopalidae): Production Mechanism and Associated Behaviors SO ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE insect communication; mating; stridulation; Heteroptera ID HOST RACE RADIATION; VIBRATIONAL COMMUNICATION; SOAPBERRY BUG; SPECIES HEMIPTERA; HETEROPTERA; SOUND; EVOLUTION; INSECTS; PENTATOMIDAE; SAPINDACEAE AB The Hemiptera displays a notable diversity of vibratory communication signals across its various families. Here we describe the substrate and airborne vibrations (sounds), the mechanism of production, and associated behaviors of Jadera haematoloma Herrich-Schaeffer, a member of the family Rhopalidae. Adult males and females both produce short, stereotyped sound bursts by anterior-posterior movement of abdominal tergites I and II against a stridulitrum located on the ventral surface of the metathoracic wing. Sound bursts are produced by a single adult male or female when physically touched by another adult, and are strongly associated with being crawled on by the approaching individual, but are not produced in response to contact with other arthropods or when pinched with forceps. The propensity to produce sounds when crawled upon decreases during the mating season. These sound bursts by J. haematoloma likely are communication signals. Rhopalidae has been significantly absent from the vibratory communication literature until now. Although the sounds are produced using a mechanism common to vibratory communication systems in closely related Heteropteran Hemiptera, the sounds in these other species function primarily in courtship or in mother-daughter interactions, which suggests that the functions of stridulation and the behavioral contexts have diversified in the Heteroptera. C1 [Mankin, R. W.; Foreman, Everett] ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Zych, Ariel F.; Gillooly, James F.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Mankin, RW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM richard.mankin@ars.usda.gov FU NSF; University of Florida FX We thank S. Tonia Hsieh for the use and assistance with high-speed filming equipment, Susan Halbert at the Florida State Arthropod Collections, and Ann Heatherington of the UF Department of Geology for assistance with SEM image collection. We also thank H. J. Brockman and C. W. Miller for help on early drafts of this manuscript. Funding for this research was provided by an NSF graduate research fellowship and University of Florida Alumni Fellowship to AFZ. NR 47 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 10 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0013-8746 J9 ANN ENTOMOL SOC AM JI Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 105 IS 1 BP 118 EP 127 DI 10.1603/AN11048 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 875HH UT WOS:000299020500016 ER PT J AU Liu, E McKeown, NM Pittas, AG Meigs, JB Economos, CD Booth, SL Jacques, PF AF Liu, E. McKeown, N. M. Pittas, A. G. Meigs, J. B. Economos, C. D. Booth, S. L. Jacques, P. F. TI Predicted 25-hydroxyvitamin D score and change in fasting plasma glucose in the Framingham offspring study SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE vitamin D; fasting plasma glucose; Framingham offspring cohort ID VITAMIN-D SUPPLEMENTATION; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; SERUM 25-HYDROXYVITAMIN-D; INSULIN SENSITIVITY; WOMEN; CALCIUM; EXPRESSION; RESISTANCE; RECEPTOR; ADULTS AB Data on the association between vitamin D status and actual change in glycemic measures are limited. We examined the prospective association between a predicted 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) score and change in fasting plasma glucose concentration over a mean follow-up of 7 years, in 2571 men and women (mean age 54 years) without diabetes in the Framingham Offspring Study cohort. After adjustment for age, sex, body mass index and fasting plasma glucose at baseline, higher predicted 25(OH)D score at baseline was associated with a smaller 7-year increase in fasting plasma glucose concentrations (0.23 mmol/l versus 0.35 mmol/l for highest versus lowest tertile of 25(OH)D score, respectively, P-trend = 0.002). Vitamin D status may be an important determinant for change in fasting plasma glucose concentration among middle-aged and older adults without diabetes. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2012) 66, 139-141; doi:10.1038/ejcn.2011.181; published online 19 October 2011 C1 [Liu, E.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [McKeown, N. M.; Booth, S. L.; Jacques, P. F.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [McKeown, N. M.; Economos, C. D.; Booth, S. L.; Jacques, P. F.] Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Pittas, A. G.] Tufts Med Ctr, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Metab, Boston, MA USA. [Meigs, J. B.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Meigs, J. B.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Meigs, J. B.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Div Gen Med, Boston, MA 02114 USA. RP Liu, E (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, 1633 Tremont St, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM eliu@hsph.harvard.edu FU US Department of Agriculture [58-1950-7-707]; National Heart Lung and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health [N01-HC-25195]; American Diabetes Association; Career Development Award [NIDDK K24 DK080140, R01DK076092, R21DK078867, NIA AG14759]; Beverage Institute for Health and Wellness FX We are grateful to the Framingham Study participants and staff. We thank Gail Rogers, from Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center, for data management and statistical guidance. The present study was supported in part by the US Department of Agriculture, under agreement No. 58-1950-7-707, and the Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health (Contract No. N01-HC-25195), and by an American Diabetes Association Career Development Award (JBM), NIDDK K24 DK080140 (JBM), R01DK076092 and R21DK078867 (AGP), NIA AG14759 (SLB), and the Beverage Institute for Health and Wellness (CDE). NR 19 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 3 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0954-3007 J9 EUR J CLIN NUTR JI Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 66 IS 1 BP 139 EP 141 DI 10.1038/ejcn.2011.181 PG 3 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 876GE UT WOS:000299094800021 PM 22009071 ER PT J AU Barbuta, C Blanchet, P Cloutier, A Yadama, V Lowell, E AF Barbuta, Costel Blanchet, Pierre Cloutier, Alain Yadama, Vikram Lowell, Eini TI OSB as substrate for engineered wood flooring SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS LA English DT Article AB Oriented strand board (OSB) is a commodity product subject to market fluctuation. Development of a specialty OSB could lead to a better, and more stable, market segment for OSB. It was demonstrated in a previous study (Barbuta et al. in Eur. J. Wood Prod. 2010), that OSB may be designed to obtain a high bending modulus of elasticity in the parallel direction, close to Baltic Birch Plywood (BBP) in its strongest direction. This study focused on the use of such specialty OSB in the manufacturing of engineered wood flooring (EWF) prototypes, a product that widely uses BBP as substrate in Canada. The performance of these two prototypes (aspen/birch and ponderosa pine) was studied. Five types of substrates: BBP, sheathing OSB, web stock OSB and the two specialty OSB prototypes were used to manufacture EWF. A 3-mm thick sugar maple plank was selected as the surface layer for all constructions. A polyvinyl acetate (PVA) type I adhesive was used to bond the components. The tests in conditioning rooms showed that BBP substrate constructions present the lowest distortion between humid and dry conditions as well as aspen/birch specialty OSB, according to ANOVA. The construction with OSB sheathing, OSB web stock and ponderosa pine OSB substrates showed higher distortion. The PVA type I adhesive led to weak bonding with high-density OSB surface. The results of this study demonstrate the potential of OSB panels to be used as substrate for EWF. C1 [Barbuta, Costel; Blanchet, Pierre; Cloutier, Alain] Univ Laval, Quebec City, PQ, Canada. [Blanchet, Pierre] FPInnovations, Value Added Wood Prod, Quebec City, PQ, Canada. [Yadama, Vikram] Washington State Univ, Wood Mat & Engn Lab, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Lowell, Eini] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, Portland, OR 97208 USA. RP Blanchet, P (reprint author), Univ Laval, Quebec City, PQ, Canada. EM pierre.blanchet@fpinnovations.ca RI Blanchet, Pierre/C-2455-2014 OI Blanchet, Pierre/0000-0002-6348-0289 NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0018-3768 J9 EUR J WOOD WOOD PROD JI Eur. J. Wood Wood Prod. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 70 IS 1-3 BP 37 EP 43 DI 10.1007/s00107-010-0494-y PG 7 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 870GP UT WOS:000298657600005 ER PT J AU Ayrilmis, N Benthien, JT Thoemen, H White, RH AF Ayrilmis, Nadir Benthien, Jan T. Thoemen, Heiko White, Robert H. TI Effects of fire retardants on physical, mechanical, and fire properties of flat-pressed WPCs SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS LA English DT Article ID MAGNESIUM-HYDROXIDE; POLYPROPYLENE; COMPOSITES; WOOD AB Physical, mechanical, and fire properties of the flat-pressed wood plastic composites (WPCs) incorporated with various fire retardants (10% by weight) at different levels of wood flour (WF) content, 40, 50, or 60 wt%, were investigated. The WPC panels were made from dry-blended WF, polypropylene (PP), and fire retardant (FR) powders with maleic anhydride-grafted PP (2 wt%) formulations using a conventional flat-pressing process under laboratory conditions. Incorporation of the fire retardants into the WPC panels significantly decreased the internal bond strength compared to the WPC panels without FR at all levels of the WF content. The modulus of rupture of the WPC panels containing FRs decreased with the increase in the WF content from 40 to 60 wt%. The modulus of elasticity increased with the increase in the WF content from 40 to 50 wt% and then decreased as the WF content reached 60 wt%. The WPC panels incorporated with zinc borate gave an overall best performance in both physical and mechanical properties followed by the panels treated with decabromodiphenyl oxide, magnesium hydroxide, and ammonium polyphosphate. Higher levels of the WF content resulted in significantly improved fire resistance of the WPC panels with and without FR as measured in the cone calorimeter. Of the four fire retardants tested, ammonium polyphosphate showed the most improvement over untreated ones. C1 [Ayrilmis, Nadir] Istanbul Univ, Dept Wood Mech & Technol, Fac Forestry, TR-34473 Istanbul, Turkey. [Benthien, Jan T.] Univ Hamburg, Dept Wood Sci, D-21031 Hamburg, Germany. [Thoemen, Heiko] Bern Univ Appl Sci, Dept Architecture Wood & Civil Engn, CH-2500 Biel 6, Switzerland. [White, Robert H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Ayrilmis, N (reprint author), Istanbul Univ, Dept Wood Mech & Technol, Fac Forestry, TR-34473 Istanbul, Turkey. EM nadiray@istanbul.edu.tr RI Ayrilmis, Nadir/F-1573-2015 FU Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (Tubitak); Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection (Germany) through the Agency for Renewable Resources (FNR); United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison WI FX This work was carried out while N. Ayrilmis was visiting Professor at the Department of Wood Science, Hamburg University. It was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (Tubitak), The Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection (Germany) through the Agency for Renewable Resources (FNR), and United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison WI. Their support is gratefully acknowledged. NR 21 TC 18 Z9 21 U1 5 U2 26 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0018-3768 J9 EUR J WOOD WOOD PROD JI Eur. J. Wood Wood Prod. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 70 IS 1-3 BP 215 EP 224 DI 10.1007/s00107-011-0541-3 PG 10 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 870GP UT WOS:000298657600027 ER PT J AU Williams, MS Ebel, ED AF Williams, Michael S. Ebel, Eric D. TI Estimating Changes in Public Health Following Implementation of Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point in the United States Broiler Slaughter Industry SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID BAYESIAN SYNTHESIS; OUTBREAK DATA; ILLNESS; SALMONELLOSIS; ATTRIBUTION; BURDEN; MODEL; FOOD AB A common approach to reducing microbial contamination has been the implementation of a Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) program to prevent or reduce contamination during production. One example is the Pathogen Reduction HACCP program implemented by the U. S. Department of Agriculture's Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS). This program consisted of a staged implementation between 1996 and 2000 to reduce microbial contamination on meat and poultry products. Of the commodities regulated by FSIS, one of the largest observed reductions was for Salmonella contamination on broiler chicken carcasses. Nevertheless, how this reduction might have influenced the total number of salmonellosis cases in the United States has not been assessed. This study incorporates information from public health surveillance and surveys of the poultry slaughter industry into a model that estimates the number of broiler-related salmonellosis cases through time. The model estimates that-following the 56% reduction in the proportion of contaminated broiler carcasses observed between 1995 and 2000-approximately 190,000 fewer annual salmonellosis cases (attributed to broilers) occurred in 2000 compared with 1995. The uncertainty bounds for this estimate range from approximately 37,000 to 500,000 illnesses. Estimated illnesses prevented, due to the more modest reduction in contamination of 13% between 2000 and 2007, were not statistically significant. An analysis relating the necessary magnitude of change in contamination required for detection via human surveillance also is provided. C1 [Williams, Michael S.; Ebel, Eric D.] Food Safety Inspect Serv, Risk Assessment Div, Off Publ Hlth Sci, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Williams, MS (reprint author), Food Safety Inspect Serv, Risk Assessment Div, Off Publ Hlth Sci, USDA, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg D, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM mike.williams@fsis.usda.gov NR 42 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 9 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 EI 1556-7125 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 9 IS 1 BP 59 EP 67 DI 10.1089/fpd.2011.0951 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 875LL UT WOS:000299031300010 PM 22091640 ER PT J AU Talbot, NC Sparks, WO Powell, AM Kahl, S Caperna, TJ AF Talbot, Neil C. Sparks, Wendy O. Powell, Anne M. Kahl, Stanislaw Caperna, Thomas J. TI Quantitative and semiquantitative immunoassay of growth factors and cytokines in the conditioned medium of STO and CF-1 mouse feeder cells SO IN VITRO CELLULAR & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY-ANIMAL LA English DT Article DE Cell culture; CF-1; Chemokine; Cytokine; Feeder cells; Mouse; STO ID EMBRYONIC STEM-CELLS; PRIMORDIAL GERM-CELLS; SELF-RENEWAL; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; PORCINE HEPATOCYTES; CONTINUOUS-CULTURE; PROTEOME ANALYSIS; STROMAL CELLS; DIFFERENTIATION; LINES AB Feeder cells of irradiated mouse fibroblasts are commonly used for, and are generally necessary for, the in vitro maintenance and growth of many fastidious cell types, particularly embryonic stem cells or induced pluripotent stem cells. Quantitative and semiquantitative immunoassays of conditioned media were performed to identify some of the soluble cytokines, chemokines, protein hormones, and cell matrix/adhesion molecules that are elaborated from two commonly used feeder cells, STO and CF-1. Among those quantitatively assayed, the most abundant cytokine proteins expressed by the feeder cells were activin A, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), insulin-like growth factor 1, insulin-like growth factor 2, insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)-6, macrophage colony-stimulating factor (a.k.a. CSF-1), and pigment epithelium-derived factor (a.k.a. serine protease inhibitor, clade F, member 1). CF-1 cells expressed ten times more activin A than STO cells and also produced larger amounts of interleukin-6 and IGFBP-2, IGFBP-3, IGFBP-4, and IGFBP-5. Conversely, STO cell produced almost ten times more HGF and five times more stem cell factor (a.k.a. c-kit ligand) than CF-1 cells. Assayed semiquantitatively, relatively large amounts of chemokines were produced by both feeder cells including fractalkine (CX3CL1), interferon-inducible protein 10 (a.k.a. CXCL10 and cytokine-responsive gene-2, CRG-2), monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 (a.k.a. CCL2 and junctional epithelium chemokine (JE), MCP-5/CCL12), keratinocyte-derived chemokine (a.k.a. CXCL1 and growth-related oncogene alpha, GRO alpha), nephroblastoma overexpressed gene (CCN3, IGFBP-9), stromal cell-derived factor 1 (CXCL12), and serpin E1 (PAI-1). In contrast to one another, STO produced more CXCL16 than CF-1 cells, and CF-1 cell produced more MCP-5 (CCL12), macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1 alpha (CCL3), MIP-1 beta (CCL4), pentraxin-3 (TSG-14), and platelet factor-4 (CXCL4) than STO cells. Soluble adhesion molecule, sICAM (ICAM-1, CD54), was expressed by CF-1 cells, but not STO cells, and similarly, the cell matrix-associated molecules endocan (endothelial cell-specific molecule 1), endostatin (collagen XVIII), and matrix metalloproteinase 3 were expressed more by CF-1 cells. Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 was robustly expressed by both feeder cells. Other proteins primarily detected from CF-1 cells included retinol-binding protein 4 and FGF21, while STO cells secreted more interferon gamma. Both feeder cells produced no or low amounts of LIF, tumor necrosis factor alpha, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), VEGF-B, prolactin, various interleukins, fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-1, FGF-2, FGF-7, EGF, HB-EGF, and amphiregulin. The results may explain some of the cell growth and maintenance responses by various types of cells co-cultured on STO or CF-1 feeder cells. C1 [Talbot, Neil C.] ARS, USDA, ANRI, BGL, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Talbot, Neil C.; Sparks, Wendy O.; Powell, Anne M.; Caperna, Thomas J.] ARS, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Kahl, Stanislaw] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Talbot, NC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, ANRI, BGL, Bldg 200,Rm 13, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM neil.talbot@ars.usda.gov NR 63 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1071-2690 J9 IN VITRO CELL DEV-AN JI In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.-Anim. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 48 IS 1 BP 1 EP 11 DI 10.1007/s11626-011-9467-7 PG 11 WC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology SC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology GA 879KT UT WOS:000299328800001 PM 22179674 ER PT J AU Geary, TW AF Geary, T. W. TI Effects of adrenocorticotropic hormone and flunixin meglumine on pregnancy retention in beef cows SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE adrenocorticotropic hormone; cattle; cortisol; flunixin meglumine; pregnancy loss ID CATTLE; PROSTAGLANDIN-F2-ALPHA; TRANSPORTATION; PHARMACOKINETICS; ESTABLISHMENT; PROGESTERONE; HEIFERS; UTERINE AB Pregnancy loss in beef cattle after d 28 of gestation is variable, but it has been reported to be as great as 14% and has been related to transportation or handling stress. The primary objective of this study was to determine whether activation of the hypophyseal-adrenal axis with ACTH would mimic a stressful response and cause pregnancy loss in beef cattle. A secondary objective was to determine if a single injection of the PG synthesis inhibitor flunixin meglumine would attenuate the stress response and suppress serum PGF(2 alpha) concentrations to prevent pregnancy loss. Forty nonlactating beef cows that were 34 +/- 0.33 d pregnant were used for this study. In a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement, cows were randomly assigned to receive ACTH [ 0 or 0.5 IU/kg of BW, intramuscularly (i.m.)] at 0 and 2 h of the study and flunixin meglumine (0, 1.1, or 2.2 mg/kg of BW, i.m.) at 0 h. Blood samples were collected from all cows at 0 h and every 30 min for 4 h to measure serum cortisol and PGF(2 alpha) metabolite (PGFM) concentrations. Rectal temperature was collected for each cow at 0, 120, and 240 min. Pregnancy exams were conducted 31 and 58 d after treatment by transrectal ultrasonography, and the presence of a fetal heartbeat was used as an indicator of fetal viability. Se-rum cortisol concentration was affected (P < 0.01) by ACTH, time, and the interaction of ACTH x time, but not by flunixin meglumine (P >= 0.14) or any other interactions. Cortisol concentrations increased (P < 0.01) in the serum of ACTH-treated cows immediately after ACTH treatment and remained increased (P < 0.01) throughout the 4-h sampling period. Serum PGFM concentration was not affected by ACTH (P = 0.97) or by any interactions (P > 0.35) with ACTH, but was affected (P < 0.01) by flunixin meglumine, time, and the interaction of flunixin meglumine x time. Regardless of dosage (1.1 or 2.2 mg/kg of BW), flunixin meglumine decreased (P < 0.01) serum PGFM concentrations in both ACTH-treated and control cows for the duration of the study. Although ACTH treatment induced a prolonged increase in serum cortisol concentration, none of the cows used in this study lost a pregnancy. In conclusion, the activation of the hypophyseal-adrenal axis with ACTH increased serum cortisol concentrations but did not increase serum concentrations of PGFM or cause pregnancy loss during early gestation in cows. Flunixin meglumine treatment suppressed serum PGFM concentrations in control and ACTH-treated cows. C1 USDA ARS, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. RP Geary, TW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. EM tom.geary@ars.usda.gov NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 5 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 90 IS 1 BP 207 EP 211 DI 10.2527/jas.2010-3564 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 877HN UT WOS:000299168500020 PM 21856895 ER PT J AU Walsh, MC Rostagno, MH Gardiner, GE Sutton, AL Richert, BT Radcliffe, JS AF Walsh, M. C. Rostagno, M. H. Gardiner, G. E. Sutton, A. L. Richert, B. T. Radcliffe, J. S. TI Controlling Salmonella infection in weanling pigs through water delivery of direct-fed microbials or organic acids. Part I: Effects on growth performance, microbial populations, and immune status SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE direct-fed microbial; immune status; organic acid; pig; Salmonella ID ENTERICA SEROVAR TYPHIMURIUM; ACUTE-PHASE RESPONSE; MARKET-WEIGHT SWINE; ENTEROCOCCUS-FAECIUM; SEROTYPE TYPHIMURIUM; PROBIOTIC STRAIN; FEED; PREVALENCE; INTESTINE AB Pigs (n = 88) weaned at 19 +/- 2 d of age were used in a 14-d study to evaluate the effects of water-delivered direct-fed microbials (DFM) or organic acids on growth, immune status, Salmonella infection and shedding, and intestinal microbial populations after intranasal inoculation of Salmonella Typhimurium (10(10) cfu/pig). Pigs were challenged with Salmonella 6 d after commencement of water treatments. Treatments were 1) control diet; 2) control diet + DFM (Enterococcus faecium, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus licheniformis) in drinking water at 10(9) cfu/L for each strain of bacteria; 3) control diet + an organic acid-based blend (predominantly propionic, acetic, and benzoic acid) in drinking water at 2.58 mL/L; and 4) control diet + 55 mg/kg of carbadox. Serum samples were taken on d 6, 8, 10, and 14 for determination of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) concentrations. Fecal samples were taken on d 0, 5, 7, and 11 for determination of Salmonella shedding and enumeration of coliforms. Pigs were euthanized on d 6, 8, 10, and 14. Intestinal and cecal tissue and digesta and mesenteric lymph nodes were sampled and analyzed for Salmonella. Duodenal, jejunal, and ileal mucosal scrapings were sampled for measurement of mucosal TNF alpha concentrations. Water delivery of DFM prevented a decline in ADG on d 2 to 6 postchallenge compared with the negative control (P < 0.05). Coliform counts tended to be greater (P = 0.09) in the cecum of the DFM treatment group on d 2 postinfection compared with the negative control and acid treatment groups. However, Salmonella prevalence in the feces, gastrointestinal tract, or lymph nodes was not affected by water delivery of acids or DFM. Serum and mucosal TNF alpha concentrations were not affected by treatment throughout the study with the exception of ileal concentrations on d 4 postchallenge, which were greater in the negative control group compared with all other treatments (P < 0.05). The in-feed antibiotic was the only treatment that reduced Salmonella prevalence and this was localized to the cecum on d 8 postinfection. In conclusion, the DFM and organic acid treatments used in this study offered little or no benefits to pigs infected with Salmonella and should not be considered under the constraints of this study as viable alternatives to in-feed antibiotics in a pathogen challenge situation. C1 [Walsh, M. C.; Sutton, A. L.; Richert, B. T.; Radcliffe, J. S.] Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Rostagno, M. H.] USDA ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Gardiner, G. E.] TEAGASC, Moorepk Food Res Ctr, Fermoy, Cork, Ireland. RP Radcliffe, JS (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM jradclif@purdue.edu FU National Pork Board, Des Moines, IA FX Financial support provided in part by the National Pork Board, Des Moines, IA. NR 35 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 23 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 90 IS 1 BP 261 EP 271 DI 10.2527/jas.2010-3598 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 877HN UT WOS:000299168500026 PM 21841080 ER PT J AU Taylor, JB Dungan, RS Lewis, GS AF Taylor, J. B. Dungan, R. S. Lewis, G. S. TI Sodium chlorate reduces the presence of Escherichia coli in feces of lambs and ewes managed in shed-lambing systems SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE diarrhea; Escherichia coli; neonatal; sheep; sodium chlorate ID O157-H7 POPULATIONS; PRODUCT; SUPPLEMENTATION; DIARRHEA; WATER; GUT AB Our objective was to establish doses of orally administered NaClO(3) that reduced the presence of generic Escherichia coli in intestines of ewes and neonatal lambs managed in a shed-lambing system. Neonatal lambs (n = 32; age = 7.1 +/- 1.2 d; BW = 6.8 +/- 1.0 kg) and yearling ewes (n = 44; BW = 74.8 +/- 5.6 kg) were used in 2 experiments. In both experiments, lambs and ewes were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 groups, and groups were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatments. In Exp. 1, neonatal lambs were given single, aqueous, oral doses of saline (control; NaCl, 30 mg.kg of BW(-1)) or 30, 60, or 90 mg of NaClO(3)center dot kg(-1) of BW. At 25.9 +/- 1.3 h after treatment, lambs were euthanized, and intestinal contents were collected aseptically. In Exp. 2, ewes were given single, aqueous, oral doses of saline (NaCl, 150 mg.kg of BW(-1)) or 150, 300, or 450 mg of NaClO(3)center dot kg(-1) of BW. At 24.0 +/- 0.8 h after treatment, fecal samples were collected aseptically from the rectum of each ewe. For both experiments, generic E. coli were enumerated from intestinal contents and feces within 4 to 12 h after collection. In Exp. 1, the effect (P = 0.08) of NaClO(3) on the presence of generic E. coli in colon contents was dose-dependent. This effect was linear (P < 0.01) and negative, which indicated that as NaClO(3) dose increased, generic E. coli that could be isolated from colon contents decreased. Specifically, lambs dosed with 60 and 90 mg of NaClO(3)center dot kg(-1) of BW had fewer E. coli cfu.g(-1) of content than control lambs (P < 0.06). Lambs dosed with 90 mg of NaClO(3)center dot kg(-1) of BW had fewer E. coli cfu.g(-1) of content than lambs dosed with 30 mg of NaClO(3)center dot kg(-1) of BW (P = 0.09). Sodium chlorate dose did not influence (P = 0.58) the presence of generic E. coli in contents collected from the cecum. In Exp. 2, the effect (P < 0.0001) of NaClO(3) on the presence of E. coli in fecal contents from ewes was dose-dependent. This effect was quadratic (P < 0.0001) and negative; ewes dosed with 150, 300, and 450 mg of NaClO(3)center dot kg(-1) of BW had fewer E. coli cfu.g(-1) of feces than control ewes. No differences in E. coli cfu.g(-1) of feces were detected between NaClO(3) treatments (P = 0.88 to 0.97). Based on these results, a single oral dose of at least 60 and 150 mg of NaClO(3)center dot kg(-1) of BW in neonatal lambs and yearling ewes, respectively, significantly decreased the presence of generic E. coli in contents from the lower intestine. C1 [Taylor, J. B.; Lewis, G. S.] ARS, USDA, US Sheep Expt Stn, Dubois, ID 83423 USA. [Dungan, R. S.] ARS, USDA, NW Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. RP Taylor, JB (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Sheep Expt Stn, Dubois, ID 83423 USA. EM bret.taylor@ars.usda.gov NR 17 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 90 IS 1 BP 381 EP 386 DI 10.2527/jas.2011-4270 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 877HN UT WOS:000299168500038 PM 21803976 ER PT J AU Hawkes, WC Printsev, I Alkan, Z AF Hawkes, Wayne Chris Printsev, Ignat Alkan, Zeynep TI Selenoprotein W depletion induces a p53-and p21-dependent delay in cell cycle progression in RWPE-1 prostate epithelial cells SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Selenium; Tumor suppressor protein; G1; s transition; Ubiquitin; Chemoprevention ID CANCER CELLS; P53 PHOSPHORYLATION; REACTIVE OXYGEN; DNA-DAMAGE; APOPTOSIS; SELENITE; PROTEIN; SELENOCYSTEINE; ARREST; GLUTATHIONE AB The anticancer activity of selenium (Se) has been demonstrated in myriad animal and in vitro studies, yet the mechanisms remain obscure. The main form of Se in animal tissues is selenocysteine in selenoproteins, but the relative importance of selenoproteins versus smaller Se compounds in cancer protection is unresolved. Selenoprotein W (SEPW1) is a highly conserved protein ubiquitously expressed in animals, bacteria, and archaea. SEPW1 depletion causes a delay in cell cycle progression at the G1/S transition of the cell cycle in breast and prostate epithelial cells. Tumor suppressor protein p53 is a master regulator of cell cycle progression and is the most frequently mutated gene in human cancers. p53 was increased in SEPW1 silenced cells and was inversely correlated with SEPW1 mRNA in cell lines with altered SEPW1 expression. Silencing SEPW1 decreased ubiquitination of p53 and increased p53 half-life. SEPW1 silencing increased p21(Cip1/WAF1/CDKN1A), while p27 (Kip1/CDKN1B) levels were unaffected. G1-phase arrest from SEPW1 knockdown was abolished by silencing p53 or p21. Cell cycle arrest from SEPW1 silencing was not associated with activation of ATM or phosphorylation of Ser-15 in p53, suggesting the DNA damage response pathway was not involved. Silencing GPX1 had no effect on cell cycle, suggesting that G1-phase arrest from SEPW1 silencing was not due to loss of antioxidant protection. More research is required to identify the function of SEPW1 and how it affects stability of p53. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 6169, 2012. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Hawkes, Wayne Chris; Printsev, Ignat; Alkan, Zeynep] Univ Calif Davis, USDA, ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Hawkes, WC (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, USDA, ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, 430 W Hlth Sci Dr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM wayne.hawkes@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture CRIS [5306-51530-018-00D] FX Grant sponsor: U.S. Department of Agriculture CRIS Project; Grant number: 5306-51530-018-00D. NR 45 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 113 IS 1 BP 61 EP 69 DI 10.1002/jcb.23328 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 869LB UT WOS:000298598300008 PM 21866568 ER PT J AU Berry, ED Wells, JE AF Berry, Elaine D. Wells, James E. TI Soil Solarization Reduces Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Total Escherichia coli on Cattle Feedlot Pen Surfacest SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID WET DISTILLERS GRAINS; COLI O157-H7 POPULATIONS; BEEF PROCESSING PLANTS; DIRECT-FED MICROBIALS; MULTIPLEX PCR ASSAYS; MANURE SLURRIES; UNITED-STATES; BOVINE FECES; PREVALENCE; O157H7 AB Feedlot pen soil is a source for transmission of Escherichia coli O157:H7, and therefore a target for preharvest strategies to reduce this pathogen in cattle. The objective of this study was to determine the ability of soil solarization to reduce E. colt O157:H7 in feedlot surface material (FSM). A feedlot pen was identified in which naturally occurring E. coli O157:H7 was prevalent and evenly distributed in the FSM. Forty plots 3 by 3 m were randomly assigned such that five plots of each of the solarization times of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, and 10 weeks were examined. Temperature loggers were placed 7.5 cm below the surface of each plot, and plots to be solarized were covered with clear 6-mil polyethylene. At each sampling time, five FSM samples were collected from each of five solarized and five unsolarized plots. E. coli concentrations and E. coli O157:H7 presence by immunomagnetic separation and plating were determined for each FSM sample. Initial percentages of E. coli O157:H7-positive samples in control and solarized FSM were 84 and 80%, respectively, and did not differ (P > 0.05). E. coli O157:H7 was no longer detectable by 8 weeks of solarization, but was still detected in unsolarized FSM at 10 weeks. The average initial concentration of E. coli in FSM was 5.56 log CFU/g and did not differ between treatments (P > 0.05). There was a 2.0-log decrease of E. coli after I week of solarization, and a >3.0-log reduction of E. coli by week 6 of solarization (P < 0.05). E. coli levels remained unchanged in unsolarized FSM (P > 0.05). Daily peak FSM temperatures were on average 8.7 degrees C higher for solarized FSM compared with unsolarized FSM, and reached temperatures as high as 57 degrees C. Because soil solarization reduces E. coli O157:H7, this technique may be useful for reduction of persistence and transmission of this pathogen in cattle production, in addition to remediation of E. coli O157:H7-contaminated soil used to grow food crops. C1 [Berry, Elaine D.; Wells, James E.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Berry, ED (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, POB 166,State Spur 18D, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM Elaine.Berry@ars.usda.gov NR 53 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 6 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 75 IS 1 BP 7 EP 13 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-11-283 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 875VJ UT WOS:000299063000002 PM 22221349 ER PT J AU Luchansky, JB Porto-Fett, ACS Shoyer, BA Call, JE Schlosser, W Shaw, W Bauer, N Latimer, H AF Luchansky, John B. Porto-Fett, Anna C. S. Shoyer, Bradley A. Call, Jeffrey E. Schlosser, Wayne Shaw, William Bauer, Nathan Latimer, Heejeong TI Fate of Shiga Toxin Producing O157:H7 and Non-O157:H7 Escherichia coli Cells within Blade-Tenderized Beef Steaks after Cooking on a Commercial Open-Flame Gas Grill SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; COLI O157H7; INACTIVATION; INFECTIONS; BRINE; SATISFACTION; BACTERIA; DONENESS; ILLNESS; O157-H7 AB We compared the fate of cells of both Shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 (ECOH) and Shiga toxin-producing non-O157:H7 E. coli (STEC) in blade-tenderized steaks after tenderization and cooking on a gas grill. In phase I, beef subprimal cuts were inoculated on the lean side with about 5.5 log CFU/g of a five-strain mixture of ECOH or STEC and then passed once through a mechanical blade tenderizer with the lean side facing up. In each of two trials, 10 core samples were removed from each of two tenderized subprimals and cut into six consecutive segments starting from the inoculated side. Ten total cores also were obtained from two nontenderized (control) subprimals, but only segment 1 (the topmost segment) was sampled. The levels of ECOH and STEC recovered from segment 1 were about 6.0 and 5.3 log CFU/g, respectively, for the control subprimals and about 5.7 and 5.0 log CFU/g, respectively, for the tenderized subprimals. However, both ECOH and STEC behaved similarly in terms of translocation, and cells of both pathogen cocktails were recovered from all six segments of the cores obtained from tenderized subprimals, albeit at lower levels in segments 2 to 6 than those found in segment 1. In phase II steaks (2.54 and 3.81 cm thick) cut from tenderized subprimals were subsequently cooked (three steaks per treatment) on a commercial open-flame gas grill to internal temperatures of 48.9, 54.4, 60.0, 65.6, and 71.1 degrees C. Regardless of temperature or thickness, we observed 2.0- to 4.1.-log and 1.5- to 4.5-log reductions in ECOH and STEC levels, respectively. Both ECOH and STEC behaved similarly in response to heat, in that cooking eliminated significant numbers of both pathogen types; however, some survivors were recovered due, presumably, to uneven heating of the blade-tenderized steaks. C1 [Luchansky, John B.; Shoyer, Bradley A.; Call, Jeffrey E.] ARS, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Porto-Fett, Anna C. S.] Food Safety Connect, Blacksville, WV 26521 USA. [Schlosser, Wayne; Shaw, William; Bauer, Nathan; Latimer, Heejeong] US Food Safety & Inspect Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Luchansky, JB (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM John.Luchansky@ars.usda.gov FU ARS; FSIS FX We offer our sincere appreciation to Rosemary Martinjuk, Peggy Tomasula, Chris Sommers, Pina Fratamico, Lihan Huang. and Nelly Osoria (USDA, Agricultural Research Service [ARS], Eastern Regional Research Center, Wyndmoor, PA) for their assistance on this project. We extend special thanks to John Phillips (USDA, ARS, North Atlantic Area, Wyndmoor, PA) for statistically analyzing these data. We also are grateful to James Lindsay and Mary Torrence (USDA, ARS, Office of National Programs, Beltsville, MD), Denise Eblen, Janell Kause, David Goldman, and Paul Uhler (USDA, FSIS), Steve Campano (Hawkins, Inc., Minneapolis, MN), Tim Freier, Ted Brown, Dan Schaefer, Nancy Rathe, Francois Bere, and Scott Eilert (Cargill, Minneapolis, MNI), Betsy Booren, Scott Goltry, and Jim Hodges (American Meat Institute, Washington, DC), Randy Phebus (Kansas State University, Manhattan), Harshavardhan Thippareddi (University of Nebraska, Lincoln), John Sofos (Colorado State University, Fort Collins), Ernie IIIg (111g's Meats, Chalfont, PA), and Ron Tew (Deli Brands of America. Baltimore, MD) for contributing their time, talents, and/or resources toward this effort. This project was funded, in part, through an Inter-Agency Agreement between the ARS (J. B. Luchansky) and the FSIS. NR 38 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 3 U2 13 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 75 IS 1 BP 62 EP 70 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-11-267 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 875VJ UT WOS:000299063000009 PM 22221356 ER PT J AU Oscar, TP AF Oscar, Thomas P. TI Growth of Salmonella Typhimurium DT104 at 30 degrees C Is Not Affected by Anatomical Location on the Chicken Carcass SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID PREDICTIVE MODEL; TEMPERATURE; STORAGE; PH AB Development of models for growth of Salmonella in the chicken food matrix is time-consuming and expensive. The current study was undertaken to examine growth of Salmonella on different anatomical locations of the chicken carcass. The purpose was to determine whether anatomical location should be included as an independent variable in predictive models for chicken. Eleven anatomical locations were studied: skin (wing, breast, drumstick, and thigh), meat surface (wing, breast, drumstick, and thigh), and meat interior (breast, drumstick, and thigh). Background microflora, pH, and growth (lag time, lambda; growth rate, mu; and time for a 3-log increase, t(3)) at 30 degrees C for a small inoculum size (0.92 +/- 0.30 log per portion) of Salmonella Typhimurium DT104 were examined. Four or six replicate storage trials were conducted per anatomical location (n = 46 growth curves). Portion sizes were 1.12 +/- 0.17 g (mean +/- standard deviation) for meat and 0.25 +/- 0.08 g for skin. A two-phase linear model was used to determine lambda and mu. The effect of anatomical location on dependent variables was assessed by one-way analysis of variance. pH values differed (P < 0.001) among anatomical locations, with skin (6.86 +/- 0.20) > dark meat (6.39 +/- 0.20) > white meat (5.97 +/- 0.20). Background microflora (4.32 +/- 1.66 log per portion) was variable and not affected (P > 0.05) by anatomical location. Likewise, lambda (1.90 +/- 0.75 h), mu (0.648 +/- 0.120 log/h), and t(3) (6.71 +/- 0.82 h) at 30 degrees C were not affected (P > 0.05) by anatomical location. Although there were differences in pH among anatomical locations, these differences were not sufficient to affect growth of Salmonella Typhimurium DT104 at 30 degrees C. If this observation holds for other storage conditions and strains, then anatomical location does not need to be included as an independent variable in predictive models for chicken. This would save significant time and money for the predictive microbiologist. C1 Univ Maryland, Ctr Food Sci & Technol, Chem Residue & Predict Microbiol Res Unit, USDA,ARS, Princess Anne, MD 21853 USA. RP Oscar, TP (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Ctr Food Sci & Technol, Chem Residue & Predict Microbiol Res Unit, USDA,ARS, Room 2111, Princess Anne, MD 21853 USA. EM thomas.oscar@ars.usda.gov NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 4 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 75 IS 1 BP 164 EP 168 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-11-248 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 875VJ UT WOS:000299063000025 PM 22221372 ER PT J AU Perera, OP Snodgrass, GL Allen, KC Jackson, RE Becnel, JJ O'Leary, PF Luttrell, RG AF Perera, Omaththage P. Snodgrass, Gordon L. Allen, Kerry C. Jackson, Ryan E. Becnel, James J. O'Leary, Patricia F. Luttrell, Randall G. TI The complete genome sequence of a single-stranded RNA virus from the tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois) SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Lygus; Single-stranded RNA virus; Pathogen; Picorna-like; Tarnished plant bug; Iflaviridae; Iflavirus; Transovarial transmission ID PICORNA-LIKE VIRUS; IMPORTED FIRE ANT; DEFORMED WING VIRUS; APIS-MELLIFERA L.; ETHYLMALEIMIDE-SENSITIVE FACTOR; INFECTIOUS FLACHERIE VIRUS; CONSERVED DOMAIN DATABASE; SOLENOPSIS-INVICTA; SWISS-MODEL; ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODES AB The complete genome sequence of a single-stranded RNA virus infecting the tarnished plant bug. Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois), was identified by sequencing cDNA prepared from insects collected from the Mississippi Delta. The 9655 nucleotide positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome of the L. lineolaris single-stranded RNA virus (LyLV-1) contained a single open reading frame of 8958 nucleotides encoding a 2986 amino acid genome polypeptide. The open reading frame was flanked by untranslated regions of 603 and 69 nucleotides at the 5'- and 3'- ends of the genome, respectively. Database searches and homology based modeling was used to identify four capsid proteins (VP1-VP4), helicase/AAA-ATPase, cysteine protease (C3P), protease 2A, and the RNA-directed RNA polymerase (RdRp). In addition, a region with weak similarity to the eukaryotic structural maintenance of chromosome (SMC) domain was identified near the amino-terminal of the polyprotein and adjacent to the VP1 domain. The amino acid sequence of LyLV-1 was approximately 44.4% similar to that of sacbrood virus (SBV) of the honey bee. The genomic organization of both viruses showed remarkable similarity with the exception of highly divergent amino acid regions flanking fairly conserved structural and non-structural polypeptide regions. High similarity to the SBV genome and similarities in the genome organization and amino acid sequence with the viruses of the family Iflaviridae suggested that LyLV-1 was a novel member of this family. Virus particles were 39 nn in diameter and appeared to transmit vertically via eggs. Although this virus may only cause covert infections under normal conditions, the potential for using this virus in biological control of L. lineolaris is discussed. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Perera, Omaththage P.; Snodgrass, Gordon L.; Allen, Kerry C.; Jackson, Ryan E.; Luttrell, Randall G.] USDA ARS, So Insect Management Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Becnel, James J.] USDA ARS Ctr Med & Vet Entomol, Mosquito & Fly Res Unit, Gainesville, FL 32606 USA. [O'Leary, Patricia F.] Cotton Inc, Cary, NC 27513 USA. RP Perera, OP (reprint author), 141 Expt Stn Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM op.perera@ars.usda.gov FU Cotton Incorporated [08-471] FX Partial funding for this study was provided by the Cotton Incorporated grant # 08-471. Funding source had no influence in study design, in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data, in the writing of the report or in the decision to submit the paper for publication. NR 59 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 11 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2011 J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL JI J. Invertebr. Pathol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 109 IS 1 BP 11 EP 19 DI 10.1016/j.jip.2011.08.004 PG 9 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 876SS UT WOS:000299128600002 PM 21939663 ER PT J AU Shapiro-Ilan, DI Lewis, EE Campbell, JF Kim-Shapiro, DB AF Shapiro-Ilan, David I. Lewis, Edwin E. Campbell, James F. Kim-Shapiro, Daniel B. TI Directional movement of entomopathogenic nematodes in response to electrical field: effects of species, magnitude of voltage, and infective juvenile age SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Electricity; Entomopathogenic nematode; Heterorhabditis; Host finding; Steinernema ID NEOAPLECTANA-CARPOCAPSAE; STEINERNEMATID NEMATODES; HOST; LOCATION; ROOTS; TEMPERATURE; SURFACE; SIGNAL; LARVAE AB Entomopathogenic nematodes respond to a variety of stimuli when foraging. Previously, we reported a directional response to electrical fields for two entomopathogenic nematode species; specifically, when electrical fields were generated on agar plates Steinernema glaseri (a nematode that utilizes a cruiser-type foraging strategy) moved to a higher electric potential, whereas Steinernema carpocapsae, an ambush-type forager, moved to a lower potential. Thus, we hypothesized that entomopathogenic nematode directional response to electrical fields varies among species, and may be related to foraging strategy. In this study, we tested the hypothesis by comparing directional response among seven additional nematode species: Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, Heterorhabditis georgiana, Heterorhabditis indica, Heterorhabditis megidis, Steinernema feltiae, Steinernema riobrave, and Steinernema siamkayai. S. carpocapsae and S. glaseri were also included as positive controls. Heterorhabditids tend toward cruiser foraging approaches whereas S. siamkayai is an ambusher and S. feltiae and S. riobrave are intermediate. Additionally, we determined the lowest voltage that would elicit a directional response (tested in S. feltiae and S. carpocapsae), and we investigated the impact of nematode age on response to electrical field in S. carpocapsae. In the experiment measuring diversity of response among species, we did not detect any response to electrical fields among the heterorhabditids except for H. georgiana, which moved to a higher electrical potential; S. glaseri and S. riobrave also moved to a higher potential, whereas S. carpocapsae, S. feltiae, and S. siamkayai moved to a lower potential. Overall our hypothesis that foraging strategy can predict directional response was supported (in the nematodes that exhibited a response). The lowest electric potential that elicited a response was 0.1 V. which is comparable to electrical potential associated with some insects and plant roots. The level of response to electrical potential diminished with nematode age. These results expand our knowledge of electrical fields as cues that may be used by entomopathogenic nematodes for host-finding or other aspects of navigation in the soil. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Shapiro-Ilan, David I.] USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. [Lewis, Edwin E.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nematol, Dept Entomol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Campbell, James F.] USDA ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Kim-Shapiro, Daniel B.] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Phys, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. RP Shapiro-Ilan, DI (reprint author), USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, 21 Dunbar Rd, Byron, GA 31008 USA. EM David.Shapiro@ars.usda.gov RI Campbell, James/J-9901-2012 NR 42 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 15 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2011 J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL JI J. Invertebr. Pathol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 109 IS 1 BP 34 EP 40 DI 10.1016/j.jip.2011.09.004 PG 7 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 876SS UT WOS:000299128600005 PM 21945052 ER PT J AU Zhang, X He, SY Evans, JD Pettis, JS Yin, GF Chen, YP AF Zhang, X. He, S. Y. Evans, J. D. Pettis, J. S. Yin, G. F. Chen, Y. P. TI New evidence that deformed wing virus and black queen cell virus are multi-host pathogens SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Honey bees; Apis mellifera; Apis florea; Apis dorsata; Viruses; Host range ID COLONY COLLAPSE DISORDER; BEES; CONSERVATION; INFECTION AB The host-range breadth of pathogens can have important consequences for pathogens' long term evolution and virulence, and play critical roles in the emergence and spread of the new diseases. Black queen cell virus (BQCV) and Deformed wing virus (DWV) are the two most common and prevalent viruses in European honey bees, Apis mellifera. Here we provide the evidence that BQCV and DWV infect wild species of honey bees, Apis florea and Apis dorsata. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that these viruses might have moved from A. mellifera to wild bee species and that genetic relatedness as well as the geographical proximity of host species likely play an important role in host range of the viruses. The information obtained from this present study can have important implication for understanding the population structure of bee virus as well as host-virus interactions. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Evans, J. D.; Pettis, J. S.; Chen, Y. P.] USDA ARS, Bee Res Lab, BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Zhang, X.; He, S. Y.; Yin, G. F.] Yunnan Agr Univ, Eastern Bee Res Inst, Yunnan, Peoples R China. RP Chen, YP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Bee Res Lab, BARC E, Bldg 476, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM judy.chen@ars.usda.gov RI Evans, Jay/C-8408-2012 OI Evans, Jay/0000-0002-0036-4651 FU Chinese department of Agriculture, Apiculture Research and Service System [CARS-45-ksj14]; USDA-CAP [2009-85118-05718] FX This work was funded by the Chinese department of Agriculture, Apiculture Research and Service System Project (No CARS-45-ksj14) and USDA-CAP grant (2009-85118-05718). NR 18 TC 17 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 48 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2011 J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL JI J. Invertebr. Pathol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 109 IS 1 BP 156 EP 159 DI 10.1016/j.jip.2011.09.010 PG 4 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 876SS UT WOS:000299128600021 PM 22001629 ER PT J AU Young, EO Ross, DS Alves, C Villars, T AF Young, E. O. Ross, D. S. Alves, C. Villars, T. TI Soil and landscape influences on native riparian phosphorus availability in three Lake Champlain Basin stream corridors SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE riparian zone; soil phosphorus; streambank erosion; surface water quality ID PARTICLE-SIZE FRACTIONS; UNITED-STATES; TEXTURE; SEDIMENT; RIVER; IOWA AB The ability to rank riparian soils by native phosphorus (P) concentration could help prioritize riparian management practices aimed at reducing P loading from streambank erosion. The objective of this study was to explore the relationship between riparian soil variability and native P availability in three riparian corridors in northwestern Vermont. In the first study, two sites along tributaries of Lake Champlain were remapped at a high resolution (1:5000) by the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service in 2006. Alter the remapping, multiple profile samples were taken from each series and were analyzed for total P (TP) and Modified Morgan extractable P. In a second study, 27 soil characterization pedons were sampled along three riparian corridors (Lewis Creek, Rugg Brook, and Rock River) to capture a broader range of parent material and P content. These samples were analyzed for particle size separates (sand, silt, and clay content), TP, and oxalate extractable P. Results showed a strong relationship between soil series variation (e.g., texture and drainage differences) and native P concentration. The first study revealed that both Modified Morgan extractable P and TP were lower in the coarser-textured, well drained soil series compared to the finer-textured soils. In the second study, native P concentrations (TP and oxalate extractable P) were also significantly greater in the finer-textured soils. The ratio of oxalate extractable P to TP decreased strongly with increasing sand content (r(2) = 0.69), indicating that the finer-textured soils had a greater fraction of potentially desorbable P Texture was a good indicator of native P concentrations across a wide range of soil properties, suggesting that accurate soil maps will be an important tool for indexing the native P status along riparian corridor:; in the Lake Champlain Basin region. C1 [Young, E. O.] William H Miner Agr Res Inst, Chazy, NY USA. [Ross, D. S.] Univ Vermont, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Alves, C.] USDA Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Williston, VT USA. [Villars, T.] USDA Nat Resources Conservat Serv, White River Jct, VT USA. RP Young, EO (reprint author), William H Miner Agr Res Inst, Chazy, NY USA. RI Ross, Donald/A-4477-2008 OI Ross, Donald/0000-0002-5390-6602 FU Vermont Water Resources and Lake Studies Center; Vermont Agency of Natural Resources; United States Geological Survey FX We thank the Vermont Water Resources and Lake Studies Center, the Vermont Agency of Natural Resources, and the United States Geological Survey for funding this research. We would also like to acknowledge the USDA NRCS and die National Soil Survey Laboratory for their assistance with this project. NR 35 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 17 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD JAN-FEB PY 2012 VL 67 IS 1 BP 1 EP 7 DI 10.2489/jswc.67.1.1 PG 7 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 879BN UT WOS:000299304800006 ER PT J AU Krutz, LJ Locke, MA Steinriede, RW Reddy, KN Libous-Bailey, L Burke, IC AF Krutz, L. J. Locke, M. A. Steinriede, R. W., Jr. Reddy, K. N. Libous-Bailey, L. Burke, I. C. TI Water, sediment, and metolachlor transport differences between wide- and narrow-row cotton production systems SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE agrochemical; herbicide; metolachlor; pesticide transport; row spacing ID SURFACE RUNOFF LOSSES; FOLIAR WASHOFF; SIMULATED RAINFALL; EROSION; CANOPY; PESTICIDES; INTENSITY; RETENTION; PLANTS; COVER AB Planting cotton (Gossypium hirsutum [L.]) in narrow rather than wide rows could reduce erosion and off-site agrochemical transport, but this hypothesis needs to be evaluated under midsouth cropping conditions. Field studies were conducted near Stoneville, Mississippi, on a Dundee silty clay loam in 2006 and 2007 to evaluate sediment, water, and metolachlor (2-chloro-N-[2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl]-N-[2-methoxy-1-methylethyl] acetamide) loss in narrow (38 cm [15 in]) and wide-row (102 cm [40 in]) cotton. One day after a postemergence metolachlor application over four- to six-leaf stage cotton, 60 mm h(-1) (2.4 in hr(-1)) of simulated rainfall was applied until 25 min of runoff was generated per plot. Sediment loss, regardless of year, was at least 38% lower from narrow-row than wide-row cotton. Depending on year, planting cotton on narrow rows either had no effect or reduced cumulative runoff-by 25%, compared to the wide-row system. Cumulative metolachlor loss was 27% higher in narrow-row relative to wide-row cotton in 2006, but the trend was reversed in 2007. Our results indicate that nearly flat seedbeds in narrow-row systems can reduce sediment loss relative to wide-row cotton planted on slightly raised seedbeds. Moreover, planting cotton in narrow rows rather than wide rows may reduce the loss of metolachlor applied postemergence if cumulative runoff is reduced in the narrow-row system and factors governing mixing-zone pesticide concentrations are similar between row spacings, primarily canopy coverage, and antecedent soil moisture conditions. C1 [Krutz, L. J.; Reddy, K. N.] ARS, USDA, Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, Stoneville, MS USA. [Locke, M. A.; Steinriede, R. W., Jr.] ARS, USDA, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Water Qual & Ecol Res Unit, Oxford, MS USA. [Burke, I. C.] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Krutz, LJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, Stoneville, MS USA. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 8 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD JAN-FEB PY 2012 VL 67 IS 1 BP 8 EP 15 DI 10.2489/jswc.67.1.8 PG 8 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 879BN UT WOS:000299304800007 ER PT J AU Kemper, WD Bongert, CE AF Kemper, W. Doral Bongert, Charles E. TI Economics of alternatives for managing intense rainfall on agricultural watersheds SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article C1 [Kemper, W. Doral] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD JAN-FEB PY 2012 VL 67 IS 1 BP 11A EP 16A DI 10.2489/jswc.67.1.11A PG 6 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 879BN UT WOS:000299304800002 ER PT J AU McClellan, RC McCool, DK Rickman, RW AF McClellan, R. C. McCool, D. K. Rickman, R. W. TI Grain yield and biomass relationship for crops in the Inland Pacific Northwest United States SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE crop biomass; grain yield; residue/grain index; water erosion; wind erosion; erosion models ID WINTER-WHEAT; GENETIC-IMPROVEMENT AB Interest in improving the performance of water and wind erosion prediction models, such as the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE), the Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP), and the Wind Erosion Prediction System (WEPS), led to this study of the relationship between the mass of crop residue and crop yield produced on nonirrigated cropland of the Inland Pacific Northwest United States, consisting of eastern Washington, northern Idaho, and northcentral Oregon. Retaining postharvest crop residues as soil surface cover is a primary method for controlling wind and water erosion; accordingly, erosion prediction models are highly sensitive to the amount of surface residue retained as soil cover. Traditionally, crop biomass calculations and erosion prediction models used expected or modeled crop yields and a fixed residue/grain index (R/G Index) value to determine residue quantity. Literature search indicated that cereal breeding efforts that emphasize yield have reduced the amount of residue for each unit. of grain produced. In order to fulfill our objective of improving the relationship between grain yield and residue production, we assembled and examined a large set of regional crop yield and residue production data collected in research plot studies, on-farm field studies, and in available literature from eastern Washington and northcentral Oregon. Results of the study indicated that the R/G Index varies with yield. We also found that residue production versus grain yield for major nonirrigated crops of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cereals, as well as for annual legumes and brassicas, can be fit with a linear relationship with a positive intercept and that the slope and intercept of the line are crop specific. Parameter values for specific crops are given. Using the historical fixed R/G Index can result in overestimating residue production of high-yielding winter wheat by as much as 35% and underestimating residue production for low spring wheat yields by as much as 66%. The results provide improved residue-to-grain yield relationships for use in water and wind erosion prediction models applied to the conditions of the Inland Pacific Northwest and adjacent areas. They provide a basis for estimating crop residue production in the region, and in conjunction with carbon sequestration models, a basis for determining if and where residues can be harvested for biomass in the region. C1 [McClellan, R. C.] USDA Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Spokane, WA USA. [McCool, D. K.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Land Management & Water Conservat Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Rickman, R. W.] USDA ARS, Columbia Plateau Conservat Res Ctr, Pendleton, OR USA. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 10 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD JAN-FEB PY 2012 VL 67 IS 1 BP 42 EP 50 DI 10.2489/jswc.67.1.42 PG 9 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 879BN UT WOS:000299304800010 ER PT J AU Shen, HG Loiacono, CM Halbur, PG Opriessnig, T AF Shen, Hui-Gang Loiacono, Christie M. Halbur, Patrick G. Opriessnig, Tanja TI Age-dependent susceptibility to porcine circovirus type 2 infections is likely associated with declining levels of maternal antibodies SO JOURNAL OF SWINE HEALTH AND PRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE swine; porcine circovirus type 2; porcine circovirus associated disease; age susceptibility ID MULTISYSTEMIC WASTING SYNDROME; DIFFERENT GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS; RESPIRATORY-DISEASE COMPLEX; SYNDROME VIRUS PRRSV; SYNDROME PMWS; NEPHROPATHY SYNDROME; CONVENTIONAL PIGS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; PCV2 VACCINATION; PIGLETS AB Objectives: To investigate the relationships between age, porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) viremia, and pathologic lesions by evaluating the age of porcine circovirus associated disease- (PCVAD-) affected pigs submitted to Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory between 2003 and 2010 and by experimentally infecting pigs of different ages. Materials and methods: A total of 3565 PCVAD cases were selected and ages of PCVAD-affected pigs summarized. Sixty-two pigs were randomly assigned to three groups and inoculated with PCV2 at 2 weeks (AGE-2; n = 21), 7 weeks (AGE-7; n = 20), or 12 weeks of age (AGE-12; n = 21). A portion of the pigs in each group arbitrarily selected by the farm manager were vaccinated with an adjuvanted vaccine (Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae) at 1 week of age. All pigs were euthanized 14 days post inoculation (DPI). Lesions and viremia were compared among groups. Results: Among PCVAD cases received from 2003 to 2010,47.6% were 12 to 16 weeks of age. AGE-12 pigs had significantly lower levels of PCV2 antibody compared with AGE-2 and AGE-7 pigs at the time of inoculation, and AGE-12 pigs had significantly higher levels of PCV2 viremia at 7 and 14 DPI. Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae-vaccinated pigs in the AGE-12 group had higher levels of PCV2 viremia compared to nonvaccinated pigs; however, this effect was not seen in younger pigs. Implications: Under field conditions, 12- to 16-week-old pigs are most commonly affected by PCVAD. Under experimental conditions, 12-week-old pigs are more susceptible to PCV2 infection than are 2- and 7-week-old pigs. C1 [Shen, Hui-Gang; Halbur, Patrick G.; Opriessnig, Tanja] Iowa State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Diagnost & Prod Anim Med, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Loiacono, Christie M.] USDA, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Pathobiol Lab, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Opriessnig, T (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Diagnost & Prod Anim Med, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM tanjaopr@iastate.edu RI Opriessnig, Tanja/F-2984-2012 OI Opriessnig, Tanja/0000-0001-9642-0904 NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER ASSOC SWINE VETERINARIANS PI PERRY PA 902 1ST AVE, PERRY, IA 50220-1703 USA SN 1537-209X J9 J SWINE HEALTH PROD JI J. Swine. Health Prod. PD JAN-FEB PY 2012 VL 20 IS 1 BP 17 EP 24 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 871BU UT WOS:000298713400005 ER PT J AU Kumar, S Hahn, FM Baidoo, E Kahlon, TS Wood, DF McMahan, CM Cornish, K Keasling, JD Daniell, H Whalen, MC AF Kumar, Shashi Hahn, Frederick M. Baidoo, Edward Kahlon, Talwinder S. Wood, Delilah F. McMahan, Colleen M. Cornish, Katrina Keasling, Jay D. Daniell, Henry Whalen, Maureen C. TI Remodeling the isoprenoid pathway in tobacco by expressing the cytoplasmic mevalonate pathway in chloroplasts SO METABOLIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Plant metabolic engineering; Mevalonate pathway; Methylerythritol phosphate pathway; Chloroplast engineering; Tobacco; Isoprenoid biosynthesis ID COENZYME-A REDUCTASE; CAROTENOID BIOSYNTHESIS; PLASTID TRANSFORMATION; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; PLANT ISOPRENOIDS; RUBBER PARTICLES; GENE; ACCUMULATION; INHIBITION; SYNTHASE AB Metabolic engineering to enhance production of isoprenoid metabolites for industrial and medical purposes is an important goal. The substrate for isoprenoid synthesis in plants is produced by the mevalonate pathway (MEV) in the cytosol and by the 2-C-methyl-o-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway in plastids. A multi-gene approach was employed to insert the entire cytosolic MEV pathway into the tobacco chloroplast genome. Molecular analysis confirmed the site-specific insertion of seven transgenes and homoplasmy. Functionality was demonstrated by unimpeded growth on fosmidomycin, which specifically inhibits the MEP pathway. Transplastomic plants containing the MEV pathway genes accumulated higher levels of mevalonate, carotenoids, squalene, sterols, and triacyglycerols than control plants. This is the first time an entire eukaryotic pathway with six enzymes has been transplastomically expressed in plants. Thus, we have developed an important tool to redirect metabolic fluxes in the isoprenoid biosynthesis pathway and a viable multigene strategy for engineering metabolism in plants. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Kumar, Shashi; Hahn, Frederick M.; Kahlon, Talwinder S.; Wood, Delilah F.; McMahan, Colleen M.; Whalen, Maureen C.] Western Reg Res Ctr, ARS, USDA, Albany, CA USA. [Kumar, Shashi; Cornish, Katrina] Yulex Corp, Maricopa, AZ USA. [Baidoo, Edward; Keasling, Jay D.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Joint BioEnergy Inst, Emeryville, CA USA. [Baidoo, Edward; Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Cent Florida, Coll Med, Dept Mol Biol & Microbiol, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. RP Whalen, MC (reprint author), Western Reg Res Ctr, ARS, USDA, Albany, CA USA. EM maureen.whalen@ars.usda.gov RI Keasling, Jay/J-9162-2012; Cornish, Katrina/A-9773-2013; OI Keasling, Jay/0000-0003-4170-6088; Daniell, Henry/0000-0003-4485-1176 FU USDA ARS [5325-41000-043-00D]; Cooperative Research and Development Agreement [58-3K95-6-1172]; Yulex Corporation (Maricopa, Arizona) FX We thank Darlene Hoffmann (San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, ARS, USDA, Parlier, California, USA) for performing TEM and Tina Williams (Western Regional Research Center, ARS, USDA, Albany, California, USA) for assisting in sample preparation for TEM. We thank Lewis Feldman, Steven Ruzin, Kent McDonald, Marisa Otegui, and Russell Jones for discussions of UMB. The authors received financial support from USDA ARS project 5325-41000-043-00D and Cooperative Research and Development Agreement #58-3K95-6-1172 with Yulex Corporation (Maricopa, Arizona). NR 65 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 38 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1096-7176 J9 METAB ENG JI Metab. Eng. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 14 IS 1 BP 19 EP 28 DI 10.1016/j.ymben.2011.11.005 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 876MQ UT WOS:000299112000003 PM 22123257 ER PT J AU Perez-Vega, E Pascual, A Campa, A Giraldez, R Miklas, PN Ferreira, JJ AF Perez-Vega, Elena Pascual, Aida Campa, Ana Giraldez, Ramon Miklas, Phillip N. Jose Ferreira, Juan TI Mapping quantitative trait loci conferring partial physiological resistance to white mold in the common bean RIL population Xana x Cornell 49242 SO MOLECULAR BREEDING LA English DT Article DE Common bean; Phaseolus vulgaris L.; Genetic map; Quantitative trait loci; Sclerotinia sclerotiorum; Avoidance; Physiological resistance; Breeding program ID PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS X; SCLEROTINIA-SCLEROTIORUM; QTL; IDENTIFICATION; INHERITANCE; HABIT; AVOIDANCE; DISEASE; MARKERS; FIELD AB White mold, caused by the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary, is a devastating disease in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Resistance to this pathogen can be due to physiological or avoidance mechanisms. We sought to characterize the partial physiological resistance exhibited by Xana dry bean in the greenhouse straw test using quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis. A population of 104 F7 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from an inter-gene pool cross between Xana and the susceptible black bean Cornell 49242 was evaluated against five local isolates of Sclerotinia. The effect of morphological traits (plant height, first internode length, and first internode width) on response to white mold was examined. The level of resistance exhibited by Xana to five isolates of S. sclerotiorum was similar to that of the well-known resistant lines PC50, A195, and G122. Eighteen QTL, involving the linkage groups (LG) 1, 3, 6, 7, 8, and 11, were found to be significant in at least one evaluation and in the mean of the two evaluations. The number of significant QTL identified per trait ranged from one to five. Four major regions on LG 1, 6, and 7 were associated with partial resistance to white mold, confirming the results obtained in other populations. A relative specificity in the number and the position of the identified QTL was found depending on the isolate used. QTL involved in the control of morphological traits and in the response to white mold were co-located at the same relative position on LG 1, 6, and 7. The role of these genomic regions in physiological resistance or avoidance mechanisms to white mold is discussed. C1 [Perez-Vega, Elena; Pascual, Aida; Campa, Ana; Jose Ferreira, Juan] SERIDA, Area Cultivos Hortofruticolas & Forestales, Villaviciosa 33300, Asturias, Spain. [Giraldez, Ramon] Univ Oviedo, Dept Biol Func, E-33006 Oviedo, Spain. [Miklas, Phillip N.] ARS, Vegetable & Forage Crops Res Unit, USDA, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. RP Ferreira, JJ (reprint author), SERIDA, Area Cultivos Hortofruticolas & Forestales, Apdo 13, Villaviciosa 33300, Asturias, Spain. EM giraldez@uniovi.es; phil.miklas@ars.usda.gov; jjferreira@serida.org RI Ferreira, Juan Jose/J-9470-2016; Campa Negrillo, Ana/C-2768-2017 FU Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Spain [AGL2007-66563-C02-02, RTA2009-0093]; Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA, Spain); Caja Rural de Gijon (Spain) FX This work was supported by grants AGL2007-66563-C02-02 and RTA2009-0093 from the Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Spain. Elena Perez-Vega was recipient of a salary fellowship from the Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA, Spain). Aida Pascual was recipient of a salary fellowship from the Caja Rural de Gijon (Spain). NR 33 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1380-3743 J9 MOL BREEDING JI Mol. Breed. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 29 IS 1 BP 31 EP 41 DI 10.1007/s11032-010-9522-1 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 876CK UT WOS:000299084500004 ER PT J AU Dash, S Van Hemert, J Hong, L Wise, RP Dickerson, JA AF Dash, Sudhansu Van Hemert, John Hong, Lu Wise, Roger P. Dickerson, Julie A. TI PLEXdb: gene expression resources for plants and plant pathogens SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID BARLEY-POWDERY MILDEW; FUSARIUM-GRAMINEARUM; PROFILING DATABASE; GENOMICS AB PLEXdb (http://www.plexdb.org), in partnership with community databases, supports comparisons of gene expression across multiple plant and pathogen species, promoting individuals and/or consortia to upload genome-scale data sets to contrast them to previously archived data. These analyses facilitate the interpretation of structure, function and regulation of genes in economically important plants. A list of Gene Atlas experiments highlights data sets that give responses across different developmental stages, conditions and tissues. Tools at PLEXdb allow users to perform complex analyses quickly and easily. The Model Genome Interrogator (MGI) tool supports mapping gene lists onto corresponding genes from model plant organisms, including rice and Arabidopsis. MGI predicts homologies, displays gene structures and supporting information for annotated genes and full-length cDNAs. The gene list-processing wizard guides users through PLEXdb functions for creating, analyzing, annotating and managing gene lists. Users can upload their own lists or create them from the output of PLEXdb tools, and then apply diverse higher level analyses, such as ANOVA and clustering. PLEXdb also provides methods for users to track how gene expression changes across many different experiments using the Gene OscilloScope. This tool can identify interesting expression patterns, such as up-regulation under diverse conditions or checking any gene's suitability as a steady-state control. C1 [Dash, Sudhansu; Van Hemert, John; Dickerson, Julie A.] Iowa State Univ, Virtual Real Applicat Ctr, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Dash, Sudhansu; Van Hemert, John] Iowa State Univ, Crop Genome Informat Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Wise, Roger P.] ARS, USDA, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Wise, Roger P.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Dickerson, JA (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Virtual Real Applicat Ctr, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM julied@iastate.edu RI Lu, Hong/F-2744-2015 OI Lu, Hong/0000-0002-4026-4292 FU National Science Foundation [DBI-0543441, IOS-0922746]; United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service [3625-21000-049-00D]; NSF FX National Science Foundation (DBI-0543441; IOS-0922746); United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Project (3625-21000-049-00D to R. W.). Funding for open access charge: grant funding from NSF. NR 22 TC 122 Z9 123 U1 0 U2 19 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 40 IS D1 BP D1194 EP D1201 DI 10.1093/nar/gkr938 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 869MD UT WOS:000298601300178 PM 22084198 ER PT J AU Goergen, E Chambers, JC AF Goergen, Erin Chambers, Jeanne C. TI Facilitation and interference of seedling establishment by a native legume before and after wildfire SO OECOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Bromus tectorum; Invasion; Lupinus argenteus; Nitrogen; Sagebrush steppe ID GREAT-BASIN; BROMUS-TECTORUM; POSITIVE INTERACTIONS; SEMIARID ENVIRONMENT; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; INTERMOUNTAIN WEST; PLANT INTERACTIONS; PRESCRIBED FIRE; SOIL-NITROGEN; COMPETITION AB In semi-arid ecosystems, heterogeneous resources can lead to variable seedling recruitment. Existing vegetation can influence seedling establishment by modifying the resource and physical environment. We asked how a native legume, Lupinus argenteus, modifies microenvironments in unburned and burned sagebrush steppe, and if L. argenteus presence facilitates seedling establishment of native species and the non-native annual grass, Bromus tectorum. Field treatments examined mechanisms by which L. argenteus likely influences establishment: (1) live L. argenteus; (2) dead L. argenteus; (3) no L. argenteus; (4) no L. argenteus with L. argenteus litter; (5) no L. argenteus with inert litter; and (6) mock L. argenteus. Response variables included soil nitrogen, moisture, temperature, solar radiation, and seedling establishment of the natives Elymus multisetus and Eriogonum umbellatum, and non-native B. tectorum. In both unburned and burned communities, there was higher spring soil moisture, increased shade and reduced maximum temperatures under L. argenteus canopies. Adult L. argenteus resulted in greater amounts of soil nitrogen (N) only in burned sagebrush steppe, but L. argenteus litter increased soil N under both unburned and burned conditions. Although L. argenteus negatively affected emergence and survival of B. tectorum overall, its presence increased B. tectorum biomass and reproduction in unburned plots. However, L. argenteus had positive facilitative effects on size and survival of E. multisetus in both unburned and burned plots. Our study indicates that L. argenteus can facilitate seedling establishment in semi-arid systems, but net effects depend on the species examined, traits measured, and level of abiotic stress. C1 [Goergen, Erin] Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Reno, NV 89512 USA. [Chambers, Jeanne C.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Reno, NV 89512 USA. RP Goergen, E (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, 1000 Valley Rd, Reno, NV 89512 USA. EM egoergen@unr.edu FU USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station FX We thank E. Hoskins, S. Li, R. Blank, and T. Morgan for valuable assistance in the field and laboratory, D. Board for statistical assistance, and D. Johnson, J. Qualls, P. Weisberg, and P. Verburg for valuable comments on earlier drafts of this manuscript. Financial support was provided by the USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. This experiment complies with the current laws of the country in which it was performed. E. G. and J. C. C conceived and designed the experiments. E. G. performed the experiments and analyzed the data. E. G. and J. C. C. wrote the manuscript. NR 48 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 28 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0029-8549 J9 OECOLOGIA JI Oecologia PD JAN PY 2012 VL 168 IS 1 BP 199 EP 211 DI 10.1007/s00442-011-2075-0 PG 13 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 875TN UT WOS:000299058100019 PM 21833643 ER PT J AU Shaner, DL Lindenmeyer, RB Ostlie, MH AF Shaner, Dale L. Lindenmeyer, Richard Bradley Ostlie, Michael H. TI What have the mechanisms of resistance to glyphosate taught us? SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE herbicide; glyphosate; resistance; mechanism of action ID HORSEWEED CONYZA-CANADENSIS; GOOSEGRASS ELEUSINE-INDICA; LOLIUM-RIGIDUM POPULATION; TARGET-SITE MUTATION; 5-ENOLPYRUVYLSHIKIMATE-3-PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE; HERBICIDE GLYPHOSATE; L. CRONQ.; 3-PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE; GENE AMPLIFICATION; AMARANTHUS-PALMERI AB The intensive use of glyphosate alone to manage weeds has selected populations that are glyphosate resistant. The three mechanisms of glyphosate resistance that have been elucidated are (1) target-site mutations, (2) gene amplification and (3) altered translocation due to sequestration. What have we learned from the selection of these mechanisms, and how can we apply those lessons to future herbicide-resistant crops and new mechanisms of action? First, the diversity of glyphosate resistance mechanisms has helped further our understanding of the mechanism of action of glyphosate and advanced our knowledge of plant physiology. Second, the relatively rapid evolution of glyphosate-resistant weed populations provides further evidence that no herbicide is invulnerable to resistance. Third, as new herbicide-resistant crops are developed and new mechanisms of action are discovered, the weed science community needs to ensure that we apply the lessons we have learned on resistance management from the experience with glyphosate. Every new weed management system must be evaluated during development for its potential to select for resistance, and stewardship programs should be in place when the new program is introduced. Copyright (c) 2011 Society of Chemical Industry C1 [Shaner, Dale L.] ARS, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Lindenmeyer, Richard Bradley; Ostlie, Michael H.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Shaner, DL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Bldg D,2150 Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM dale.shaner@ars.usda.gov OI Shaner, Dale/0000-0003-4293-6133 NR 81 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 5 U2 99 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1526-498X J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 68 IS 1 BP 3 EP 9 DI 10.1002/ps.2261 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA 869HU UT WOS:000298589800002 PM 21842528 ER PT J AU Li, XC Degain, BA Harpold, VS Marcon, PG Nichols, RL Fournier, AJ Naranjo, SE Palumbo, JC Ellsworth, PC AF Li, Xianchun Degain, Benjamin A. Harpold, Virginia S. Marcon, Paula G. Nichols, Robert L. Fournier, Alfred J. Naranjo, Steven E. Palumbo, John C. Ellsworth, Peter C. TI Baseline susceptibilities of B- and Q-biotype Bemisia tabaci to anthranilic diamides in Arizona SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE baseline susceptibility; Bemisia tabaci; biotype; chlorantraniliprole; cyantraniliprole; resistance management ID NEONICOTINOID CROSS-RESISTANCE; EXOTIC Q-BIOTYPE; PYRIPROXYFEN RESISTANCE; RYANODINE RECEPTOR; SWEET-POTATO; NATURAL ENEMIES; SPECIES COMPLEX; 1ST REPORT; ALEYRODIDAE; HEMIPTERA AB BACKGROUND: Development of pyriproxyfen and neonicotinoid resistance in the B-biotype whitefly and recent introduction of the Q biotype have the potential to threaten current whitefly management programs in Arizona. The possibility of integrating the novel anthranilic diamides chlorantraniliprole and cyantraniliprole into the current program to tackle these threats largely depends on whether these compounds have cross-resistance with pyriproxyfen and neonicotinoids in whiteflies. To address this question, the authors bioassayed a susceptible B-biotype strain, a pyriproxyfen-resistant B-biotype strain, four multiply resistant Q-biotype strains and 16 B-biotype field populations from Arizona with a systemic uptake bioassay developed in the present study. RESULTS: The magnitude of variations in LC(50) and LC(99) among the B-biotype populations or the Q-biotype strains was less than fivefold and tenfold, respectively, for both chlorantraniliprole and cyantraniliprole. The Q-biotype strains were relatively more tolerant than the B-biotype populations. No correlations were observed between the LC(50) (or LC(99)) values of the two diamides against the B-and Q-biotype populations tested and their survival rates at a discriminating dose of pyriproxyfen or imidacloprid. CONCLUSION: These results indicate the absence of cross-resistance between the two anthranilic diamides and the currently used neonicotinoids and pyriproxyfen. Future variation in susceptibility of field populations to chlorantraniliprole and cyantraniliprole could be documented according to the baseline susceptibility range of the populations tested in this study. (C) 2011 Society of Chemical Industry C1 [Li, Xianchun; Degain, Benjamin A.; Harpold, Virginia S.; Fournier, Alfred J.; Palumbo, John C.; Ellsworth, Peter C.] Univ Arizona, Dept Entomol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Li, Xianchun; Degain, Benjamin A.; Harpold, Virginia S.; Fournier, Alfred J.; Palumbo, John C.; Ellsworth, Peter C.] Univ Arizona, Inst BIO5, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Marcon, Paula G.] DuPont Crop Protect, Stine Haskell Res Ctr, Newark, DE USA. [Nichols, Robert L.] Cotton Inc, Cary, NC USA. [Naranjo, Steven E.] ARS, USDA, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ USA. RP Li, XC (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Entomol, 1140 ES Campus Dr, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM lxc@email.arizona.edu OI Ellsworth, Peter/0000-0002-2485-0830 FU USDA-PMAP [2009-34381-20039]; Cotton Incorporated [07-150]; Arizona Cotton Growers Association [07-151AZ]; DuPont Crop Protection and Syngenta Crop Protection AG FX This research was supported by USDA-PMAP grant 2009-34381-20039 to X Li, PC Ellsworth, JC Palumbo and AJ Fournier (Department of Entomology, University of Arizona) and SE Naranjo (USDA-ARS, Arid-Land Agriculture Research Center) and Cotton Incorporated cooperative research agreement 07-150 and Arizona Cotton Growers Association cooperative research agreement 07-151AZ to X Li. This study was also partially funded by DuPont Crop Protection and Syngenta Crop Protection AG. NR 53 TC 37 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 35 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1526-498X J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 68 IS 1 BP 83 EP 91 DI 10.1002/ps.2227 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA 869HU UT WOS:000298589800011 PM 21714059 ER PT J AU Peterson, CJ AF Peterson, Chris J. TI Bifenthrin longevity at the termiticidal application rate SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE bifenthrin; soil mobility; longevity; termiticide ID SOIL COLUMNS; DEGRADATION; RHINOTERMITIDAE; ISOPTERA; BIOAVAILABILITY; MISSISSIPPI; PERSISTENCE; FIPRONIL; MOBILITY; FIELD AB BACKGROUND: The longevity, mobility and insecticidal activity of bifenthrin at the termiticidal application rate for perimeter treatment were investigated in packed-soil columns in the laboratory and greenhouse. RESULTS: Bifenthrin was not detected in the eluates of packed-soil cones over a period of 6 months. In larger pipe plots incorporating bifenthrin into the top 15 cm of the soil, the compound degraded in a biphasic fashion. Within the treated soil, the effect of vegetation on the amount of bifenthrin remaining in the soil depended on soil depth and time, and soil half-lives were longer in non-vegetated soil. Bifenthrin residues were higher in the top 7.5 cm of soil and declined over time. Movement of bifenthrin into the top untreated soil depth was observed, but much less was observed in lower depths. The soil remained toxic to termites in 3 day and 7 day forced exposure bioassays for the 30 month duration of the study. CONCLUSIONS: Concentrations of bifenthrin will remain in the soil at levels sufficient to kill termites for more than 30 months. Published 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 US Forest Serv, Insects Dis & Invas Plants Unit, USDA, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. RP Peterson, CJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Insects Dis & Invas Plants Unit, USDA, 201 Lincoln Green, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. EM cjpeterson@fs.fed.us NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1526-498X J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 68 IS 1 BP 123 EP 126 DI 10.1002/ps.2232 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA 869HU UT WOS:000298589800016 PM 21770011 ER PT J AU Bajsa, J Pan, ZQ Dayan, FE Owens, DK Duke, SO AF Bajsa, Joanna Pan, Zhiqiang Dayan, Franck E. Owens, Daniel K. Duke, Stephen O. TI Validation of serine/threonine protein phosphatase as the herbicide target site of endothall SO PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cantharidin; Endothall; Lemna paucicostata; Serine/threonine protein phosphatase ID RICE ORYZA-SATIVA; CANTHARIDIN ANALOGS; CELL-DEATH; INHIBITION; 2A; BINDING; ACTIVATION; RESISTANCE; JASMONATE; RESPONSES AB Endothall, an older commercial herbicide, and cantharidin, a natural product from the blister beetle (Epicauta spp.), are close chemical analogues. A comparison of the effect of endothall and cantharidin on plants revealed a similarity in their level of phytotoxicity on both Arabidopsis thaliana and Lemna paucicostata. Cantharidin is a potent inhibitor of animal serine/threonine protein phosphatases. Protein phosphatases and kinases maintain a sensitive balance between phosphorylated and dephosphorylated forms of proteins playing important roles in signal transduction pathways. In this study, we found endothall and cantharidin to both completely inhibit plant serine/threonine protein phosphatases, and their relative inhibitory activities were similar to their relative phytotoxicities. Both compounds acted as slow, irreversible inactivators of the serine/threonine protein phosphatase activities. Transcription of several genes determined to be affected by the inhibition of these protein phosphatases by cantharidin in A. thaliana by transcriptome analyses were affected similarly by endothall, but in a more pronounced way. Therefore, the molecular target site of endothall in plants is similar to that of cantharidin in animals, namely, serine/threonine protein phosphatases responsible for regulating an array of biochemical processes. This mode of action is unlike any other commercial herbicide. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Bajsa, Joanna; Pan, Zhiqiang; Dayan, Franck E.; Owens, Daniel K.; Duke, Stephen O.] ARS, USDA, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. RP Duke, SO (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. EM Stephen.Duke@ars.usda.gov RI Dayan, Franck/A-7592-2009 OI Dayan, Franck/0000-0001-6964-2499 NR 43 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 14 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0048-3575 J9 PESTIC BIOCHEM PHYS JI Pest. Biochem. Physiol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 102 IS 1 BP 38 EP 44 DI 10.1016/j.pestbp.2011.10.007 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Physiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Physiology GA 877PH UT WOS:000299193900005 ER PT J AU Martinez-Andujar, C Martin, RC Nonogaki, H AF Martinez-Andujar, Cristina Martin, Ruth C. Nonogaki, Hiroyuki TI Seed Traits and Genes Important for Translational Biology-Highlights from Recent Discoveries SO PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Development; Dormancy; Germination; Seed; Shattering; Translational biology ID ABSCISIC-ACID BIOSYNTHESIS; MADS-BOX GENES; ARABIDOPSIS SEEDS; GREEN-REVOLUTION; RESPONSIVE TRANSCRIPTION; PHYTOCHROME REGULATION; ENDOSPERM DEVELOPMENT; RICE DOMESTICATION; CELL-SEPARATION; SHORT HYPOCOTYL AB Seeds provide food, feed, fiber and fuel. They are also an important delivery system of genetic information, which is essential for the survival of wild species in ecosystems and the production of agricultural crops. In this review, seed traits and genes that are potentially important for agricultural applications are discussed. Over the long period of crop domestication, seed traits have been modified through intentional or unintentional selections. While most selections have led to seed traits favorable for agricultural consumption, such as larger seeds with higher nutritional value than the wild type, other manipulations in modern breeding sometimes led to negative traits, such as vivipary, precocious germination on the maternal plant or reduced seed vigor, as a side effect during the improvement of other characteristics. Greater effort is needed to overcome these problems that have emerged as a consequence of crop improvement. Seed biology researchers have characterized the function of many genes in the last decade, including those associated with seed domestication, which may be useful in addressing critical issues in modern agriculture, such as the prevention of vivipary and seed shattering or the enhancement of yields. Recent discoveries in seed biology research are highlighted in this review, with an emphasis on their potential for translational biology. C1 [Nonogaki, Hiroyuki] Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Martinez-Andujar, Cristina] CEBAS CSIC, Dept Plant Nutr, Murcia 30100, MU, Spain. [Martin, Ruth C.] USDA ARS, Natl Forage Seed Prod Res Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Nonogaki, H (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM hiro.nonogaki@oregonstate.edu FU US-Israel Binational Science Foundation [BSF-2009173]; Fundacion Seneca: Agencia Regional de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Region de Murcia, Spain FX This work was supported by the US-Israel Binational Science Foundation [BSF-2009173 to H.N.]; the Fundacion Seneca: Agencia Regional de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Region de Murcia, Spain [to C.M.-A.]. NR 81 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 4 U2 37 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0032-0781 J9 PLANT CELL PHYSIOL JI Plant Cell Physiol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 53 IS 1 BP 5 EP 15 DI 10.1093/pcp/pcr112 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology SC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology GA 876SI UT WOS:000299127600002 PM 21849396 ER PT J AU Singer, SD Liu, ZR Cox, KD AF Singer, Stacy D. Liu, Zongrang Cox, Kerik D. TI Minimizing the unpredictability of transgene expression in plants: the role of genetic insulators SO PLANT CELL REPORTS LA English DT Review DE Boundary element; Enhancer-blocking insulator; Enhancer-promoter interference; Plant biotechnology; Chromosomal position effects; Tissue-specific transgene expression ID MATRIX ATTACHMENT REGIONS; DROSOPHILA BITHORAX COMPLEX; ENHANCER-BLOCKING ACTIVITY; BETA-GLOBIN INSULATOR; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; CHROMATIN INSULATOR; BOUNDARY-ELEMENT; BINDING-PROTEIN; DNA FRAGMENT; RICE PLANTS AB The genetic transformation of plants has become a necessary tool for fundamental plant biology research, as well as the generation of engineered plants exhibiting improved agronomic and industrial traits. However, this technology is significantly hindered by the fact that transgene expression is often highly variable amongst independent transgenic lines. Two of the major contributing factors to this type of inconsistency are inappropriate enhancer-promoter interactions and chromosomal position effects, which frequently result in mis-expression or silencing of the transgene, respectively. Since the precise, often tissue-specific, expression of the transgene(s) of interest is often a necessity for the successful generation of transgenic plants, these undesirable side effects have the potential to pose a major challenge for the genetic engineering of these organisms. In this review, we discuss strategies for improving foreign gene expression in plants via the inclusion of enhancer-blocking insulators, which function to impede enhancer-promoter communication, and barrier insulators, which block the spread of heterochromatin, in transgenic constructs. While a complete understanding of these elements remains elusive, recent studies regarding their use in genetically engineered plants indicate that they hold great promise for the improvement of transgene expression, and thus the future of plant biotechnology. C1 [Singer, Stacy D.; Cox, Kerik D.] Cornell Univ, New York State Agr Expt Stn, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Liu, Zongrang] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Cox, KD (reprint author), Cornell Univ, New York State Agr Expt Stn, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, 630 West North St, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. EM kdc33@cornell.edu NR 129 TC 10 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 42 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0721-7714 J9 PLANT CELL REP JI Plant Cell Reports PD JAN PY 2012 VL 31 IS 1 BP 13 EP 25 DI 10.1007/s00299-011-1167-y PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 876RF UT WOS:000299124700002 PM 21987122 ER PT J AU Choi, MS Woo, MO Koh, EB Lee, J Ham, TH Seo, HS Koh, HJ AF Choi, Min-Seon Woo, Mi-Ok Koh, Eun-Byeol Lee, Joohyun Ham, Tae-Ho Seo, Hak Soo Koh, Hee-Jong TI Teosinte Branched 1 modulates tillering in rice plants SO PLANT CELL REPORTS LA English DT Article DE Rice; Tiller; Auxiliary branch; TB1; OsTB1; Transgenic plant ID AXILLARY MERISTEM DEVELOPMENT; TEOSINTE BRANCHED1; BUD OUTGROWTH; TCP DOMAIN; GENE; ARABIDOPSIS; MAIZE; ARCHITECTURE; EXPRESSION; GROWTH AB Tillering is an important trait of cereal crops that optimizes plant architecture for maximum yield. Teosinte Branched 1 (TB1) is a negative regulator of lateral branching and an inducer of female inflorescence formation in Zea mays (maize). Recent studies indicate that TB1 homologs in Oryza sativa (rice), Sorghum bicolor and Arabidopsis thaliana act downstream of the auxin and MORE AUXILIARY GROWTH (MAX) pathways. However, the molecular mechanism by which rice produces tillers remains unknown. In this study, transgenic rice plants were produced that overexpress the maize TB1 (mTB1) or rice TB1 (OsTB1) genes and silence the OsTB1 gene through RNAi-mediated knockdown. Because lateral branching in rice is affected by the environmental conditions, the phenotypes of transgenic plants were observed in both the greenhouse and the paddy field. Compared to wild-type plants, the number of tillers and panicles was reduced and increased in overexpressed and RNAi-mediated knockdown OsTB1 rice plants, respectively, under both environmental conditions. However, the effect was small for plants grown in paddy fields. These results demonstrate that both mTB1 and OsTB1 moderately regulate the tiller development in rice. C1 [Choi, Min-Seon; Koh, Eun-Byeol; Lee, Joohyun; Ham, Tae-Ho; Seo, Hak Soo; Koh, Hee-Jong] Seoul Natl Univ, Res Inst Agr & Life Sci, Dept Plant Sci, Seoul 151921, South Korea. [Choi, Min-Seon; Koh, Eun-Byeol; Lee, Joohyun; Ham, Tae-Ho; Seo, Hak Soo; Koh, Hee-Jong] Seoul Natl Univ, Plant Genom & Breeding Inst, Seoul 151921, South Korea. [Woo, Mi-Ok] ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Koh, HJ (reprint author), Seoul Natl Univ, Res Inst Agr & Life Sci, Dept Plant Sci, Seoul 151921, South Korea. EM heejkoh@snu.ac.kr FU Korea Research Foundation (KRF); Korean government (MEST) [F00003]; Next-Generation Biogreen 21 Program (Plant Molecular Breeding Center), Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea [PJ008125] FX This work was supported by a Korea Research Foundation (KRF) grant funded by the Korean government (MEST) (No. F00003) and by a grant from the Next-Generation Biogreen 21 Program (Plant Molecular Breeding Center, No. PJ008125), Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea. NR 40 TC 12 Z9 16 U1 5 U2 32 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0721-7714 J9 PLANT CELL REP JI Plant Cell Reports PD JAN PY 2012 VL 31 IS 1 BP 57 EP 65 DI 10.1007/s00299-011-1139-2 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 876RF UT WOS:000299124700006 PM 21912860 ER PT J AU Jn-Baptiste, M Sistani, KR Tewolde, H AF Jn-Baptiste, Marcia Sistani, Karamat R. Tewolde, Haile TI Poultry Manure Application Time Impact on Corn Grain Production in a Crider Silt Loam SO SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Application time; poultry litter; commercial fertilizer; corn ID SUBSURFACE-DRAINED MOLLISOL; BROILER LITTER; NO-TILL; NITROGEN APPLICATION; AVAILABLE NITROGEN; NUTRIENT DYNAMICS; COTTON RESPONSE; SOIL PROPERTIES; CHICKEN LITTER; BERMUDAGRASS AB Adopting proper management practices for poultry litter (PL) is critical to increase N efficiency, maximize yield, and reduce negative environmental impacts. This study investigated the effects of application time (fall and spring) of two PL rates (9.0 and 18.0 Mg ha(-1)) and commercial N-P-K fertilizer blend (224 kg N ha(-1), 84 kg P ha(-1), 145.6 kg K ha(-1)) on selected soil properties and corn (Zea mays L.) grain yield in Central Kentucky. Application time response was measured by grain yield, whole plant nutrient concentrations and uptake, and soil nutrients availabilities. Application time of the PL and commercial fertilizer did not influence grain yield or plant nutrient concentrations and uptake. Grain yield was increased by the two PL rates, and no difference was found among the PL and commercial fertilizer. Whole plant uptake and concentrations of N, P, and K increased when PL plant available N-P-K increased. Soil inorganic N was 17% (18 kg ha(-1)) greater from spring than fall applications of the high PL rate when sampled midseason. Application time did not influence inorganic N at the low PL rate. Greater soil available K resulted from fall than spring applications of the PL, but Mehlich 3 available P was not influenced by PL application time. Results indicate that fall applications of PL have equal potential as spring applications without compromising plant available nutrients and yield. In addition, the low PL rate was adequate in N, P, and K to meet the soil's requirement for optimum yield, without significant nutrient accumulation and loss. C1 [Jn-Baptiste, Marcia; Sistani, Karamat R.] USDA ARS, Bowling Green, KY 42104 USA. [Tewolde, Haile] USDA ARS, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Jn-Baptiste, M (reprint author), USDA ARS, 230 Bennett Lane, Bowling Green, KY 42104 USA. EM marcia.jn-baptiste@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS, Bowling Green, KY FX This article was funded by the USDA-ARS, Bowling Green, KY. The authors have no conflicts of interest to report. NR 43 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 10 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-075X J9 SOIL SCI JI Soil Sci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 177 IS 1 BP 47 EP 55 DI 10.1097/SS.0b013e318239398b PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 877GD UT WOS:000299164400006 ER PT J AU Weber, JG Key, N AF Weber, Jeremy G. Key, Nigel TI How much Do Decoupled Payments Affect Production? An Instrumental Variable Approach with Panel Data SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE decoupled payments; government payments; program crops; supply response; trade policy ID AGRICULTURAL POLICY; PROGRAM PAYMENTS; FARM PAYMENTS; UNCERTAINTY; SUBSIDIES; SUPPORT; TRADE; CROPS; WEAK AB How much decoupled payments, such as direct payments in the U.S., affect agricultural production remains an open empirical question with implications for policy. Using data from multiple years of the Census of Agriculture, we exploit a provision of the 2002 Farm Act that departed from previous policy by making oilseeds eligible for direct payments, thus increasing payments to areas that historically produced more oilseeds. Our instrumental variable estimates, in contrast to OLS estimates, suggest that changes in payments over the period 2002 to 2007 had little effect on aggregate production at the ZIP-code level. C1 [Weber, Jeremy G.; Key, Nigel] USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Weber, JG (reprint author), USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 36 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 32 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9092 J9 AM J AGR ECON JI Am. J. Agr. Econ. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 94 IS 1 BP 52 EP 66 DI 10.1093/ajae/aar134 PG 15 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA 873NC UT WOS:000298889000003 ER PT J AU Adjemian, MK AF Adjemian, Michael K. TI Quantifying the WASDE Announcement Effect SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Article ID COMMODITY FUTURES; OPTIONS MARKETS; PIGS REPORTS; USDA REPORTS; TIME-SERIES; VOLATILITY; INFORMATION; FORECASTS; PRICES; CATTLE C1 ERS, USDA, Washington, DC USA. RP Adjemian, MK (reprint author), ERS, USDA, Washington, DC USA. NR 34 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9092 J9 AM J AGR ECON JI Am. J. Agr. Econ. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 94 IS 1 BP 238 EP 256 DI 10.1093/ajae/aar131 PG 19 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA 873NC UT WOS:000298889000014 ER PT J AU Badaloo, A Hsu, JW Taylor-Bryan, C Green, C Reid, M Forrester, T Jahoor, F AF Badaloo, Asha Hsu, Jean W. Taylor-Bryan, Carolyn Green, Curtis Reid, Marvin Forrester, Terrence Jahoor, Farook TI Dietary cysteine is used more efficiently by children with severe acute malnutrition with edema compared with those without edema SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID SEVERE CHILDHOOD UNDERNUTRITION; ERYTHROCYTE GLUTATHIONE SYNTHESIS; PROTEIN-ENERGY MALNUTRITION; AMINO-ACID-METABOLISM; KWASHIORKOR; METHIONINE; PATHOGENESIS; MUCOSA; RATS AB Background: Children with edematous severe acute malnutrition (SAM) produce less cysteine than do their nonedematous counterparts. They also have marked glutathione (GSH) depletion, hair loss, skin erosion, gut mucosal atrophy, and depletion of mucins. Because GSH, skin, hair, mucosal, and mucin proteins are rich in cysteine, we hypothesized that splanchnic extraction and the efficiency of cysteine utilization would be greater in edematous than in nonedematous SAM. Objective: We aimed to measure cysteine kinetics in childhood edematous and nonedematous SAM. Design: Cysteine flux, oxidation, balance, and splanchnic uptake (SPU) were measured in 2 groups of children with edematous (n = 9) and nonedematous (n = 10) SAM at 4.4 +/- 1.1 d after admission (stage 1) and at 20.5 +/- 1.6 d after admission (stage 2) when they had replenished 50% of their weight deficit. Results: In comparison with the nonedematous group, the edematous group had slower cysteine flux at stage 1 but not at stage 2; furthermore, they oxidized less cysteine at both stages, resulting in better cysteine balance and therefore better efficiency of utilization of dietary cysteine. Cysteine SPU was not different between groups but was similar to 45% in both groups at the 2 stages. Conclusion: These findings suggest that children with edematous SAM may have a greater requirement for cysteine during early and mid-nutritional rehabilitation because they used dietary cysteine more efficiently than did their nonedematous counterparts and because the splanchnic tissues of all children with SAM have a relatively high requirement for cysteine. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00069134. Am J Clin Nutr 2012;95:84-90. C1 [Hsu, Jean W.; Jahoor, Farook] Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, USDA Agr Res Serv, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Badaloo, Asha; Taylor-Bryan, Carolyn; Green, Curtis; Reid, Marvin; Forrester, Terrence] Univ W Indies, Trop Metab Res Unit, Res Inst Trop Med, Kingston 7, Jamaica. RP Jahoor, F (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, USDA Agr Res Serv, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM fjahoor@bcm.edu OI Reid, Marvin/0000-0003-4005-9384 FU NIH [2RO1 DK 056689]; USDA, Agricultural Research Service [58-6250-6001] FX Supported by NIH grant 2RO1 DK 056689 and with federal funds from the USDA, Agricultural Research Service under Cooperative Agreement No. 58-6250-6001. NR 24 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 EI 1938-3207 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 95 IS 1 BP 84 EP 90 DI 10.3945/ajcn.111.024323 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 866SF UT WOS:000298402100012 PM 22170355 ER PT J AU Thomas, DM Navarro-Barrientos, JE Rivera, DE Heymsfield, SB Bredlau, C Redman, LM Martin, CK Lederman, SA Collins, LM Butte, NF AF Thomas, Diana M. Navarro-Barrientos, Jesus E. Rivera, Daniel E. Heymsfield, Steven B. Bredlau, Carl Redman, Leanne M. Martin, Corby K. Lederman, Sally A. Collins, Linda M. Butte, Nancy F. TI Dynamic energy-balance model predicting gestational weight gain SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID DOUBLY LABELED WATER; BODY-MASS INDEX; LONGITUDINAL ASSESSMENT; METABOLIC-RATE; PREGNANCY; FAT; EXPENDITURE; REQUIREMENTS; OBESITY; HUMANS AB Background: Gestational weight gains (GWGs) that exceed the 2009 Institute of Medicine recommended ranges increase risk of long-term postpartum weight retention; conversely, GWGs within the recommended ranges are more likely to result in positive maternal and fetal outcomes. Despite this evidence, recent epidemiologic studies have shown that the majority of pregnant women gain outside the target GWG ranges. A mathematical model that predicts GWG and energy intake could provide a clinical tool for setting precise goals during early pregnancy and continuous objective feedback throughout pregnancy. Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a differential equation model for energy balance during pregnancy that predicts GWG that results from changes in energy intakes. Design: A set of prepregnancy BMI-dependent mathematical models that predict GWG were developed by using data from a longitudinal study that measured gestational-changes in fat-free mass, fat mass, total body water, and total energy expenditure in 63 subjects. Results: Mathematical models developed for women with low, normal, and high prepregnancy BMI were shown to fit the original data. In 2 independent studies used for validation, model predictions of fat-free mass, fat mass, and total body water matched actual measurements within 1 kg. Conclusions: Our energy-balance model provides plausible predictions of GWG that results from changes in energy intakes. Because the model was implemented as a Web-based applet, it can be widely used by pregnant women and their health care providers. Am J Clin Nutr 2012;95:115-22. C1 [Thomas, Diana M.; Bredlau, Carl] Montclair State Univ, Dept Math Sci, Ctr Quantitat Obes Res, Montclair, NJ 07043 USA. [Navarro-Barrientos, Jesus E.; Rivera, Daniel E.] Arizona State Univ, Control Syst Engn Lab, Sch Engn Matter Transport & Energy, Tempe, AZ USA. [Heymsfield, Steven B.; Redman, Leanne M.; Martin, Corby K.] Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA USA. [Lederman, Sally A.] Columbia Univ, Inst Human Nutr, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Lederman, Sally A.] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY USA. [Collins, Linda M.] Penn State Univ, Methodol Ctr, State Coll, PA USA. [Collins, Linda M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Human Dev & Family Studies, State Coll, PA USA. [Butte, Nancy F.] Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, USDA Agr Res Serv, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Thomas, DM (reprint author), Montclair State Univ, Dept Math Sci, Ctr Quantitat Obes Res, 1 Normal Ave, Montclair, NJ 07043 USA. EM thomasdia@mail.montclair.edu FU Herman and Margret Sokol Institute; NIH [1R15DK090739, K25DA021173, U01 AG20478, K23 DK068052, K99HD060762, P50DA10075, R21DA024266]; USDA/Agricultural Research Service [6250-51000-053] FX Supported by The Herman and Margret Sokol Institute for Pharmaceutical Life Sciences Fellowship (DMT), the NIH (grants 1R15DK090739 [DMT; primary investigator (PI): DMT], R21DA024266 [JEN-B], K25DA021173 and R21DA024266 [DER], U01 AG20478 [CKM; PI: Eric Ravussin], K23 DK068052 [CKM; PI: CKM], K99HD060762 [LMR], and P50DA10075 and R21DA024266 [LMC]), and the USDA/Agricultural Research Service (grant 6250-51000-053; NFB). NR 34 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 EI 1938-3207 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 95 IS 1 BP 115 EP 122 DI 10.3945/ajcn.111.024307 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 866SF UT WOS:000298402100016 PM 22170365 ER PT J AU Spiegelman, D Willett, WC Preis, SR Baer, DJ Moshfegh, A Zhao, BB AF Spiegelman, Donna Willett, Walter C. Preis, Sarah R. Baer, David J. Moshfegh, Alanna Zhao, Barbara Bojuan TI RE: "APPLICATION OF A REPEAT-MEASURE BIOMARKER MEASUREMENT ERROR MODEL TO 2 VALIDATION STUDIES: EXAMINATION OF THE EFFECT OF WITHIN-PERSON VARIATION IN BIOMARKER MEASUREMENTS" REPLY SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID DIETARY MEASUREMENT ERROR C1 [Spiegelman, Donna; Willett, Walter C.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Preis, Sarah R.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Baer, David J.; Moshfegh, Alanna] USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Zhao, Barbara Bojuan] Tianjin Univ Finance & Econ, Tianjin 300222, Peoples R China. RP Spiegelman, D (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, 665 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM stdls@hsph.harvard.edu NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JAN 1 PY 2012 VL 175 IS 1 BP 85 EP 85 DI 10.1093/aje/kwr392 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 866MF UT WOS:000298384300011 ER PT J AU Li, CC Gui, SH Yang, T Walk, T Wang, XR Liao, H AF Li, Chengchen Gui, Shunhua Yang, Tao Walk, Thomas Wang, Xiurong Liao, Hong TI Identification of soybean purple acid phosphatase genes and their expression responses to phosphorus availability and symbiosis SO ANNALS OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Soybean; Glycine max; purple acid phosphatase; expression analysis; phylogenetic analysis; phosphorus nutrition; symbiosis ID ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; PHYTASE ACTIVITY; TOBACCO CELLS; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; NITROGEN-FIXATION; GLYCINE-MAX; PLANT; ACQUISITION; EFFICIENCY AB Background and Aims Purple acid phosphatases (PAPs) are members of the metallo-phosphoesterase family and have been known to play important roles in phosphorus (P) acquisition and recycling in plants. Low P availability is a major constraint to growth and production of soybean, Glycine max. Comparative studies on structure, transcription regulation and responses to phosphate (Pi) deprivation of the soybean PAP gene family should facilitate further insights into the potential physiological roles of GmPAPs. Methods BLAST searches were performed to identify soybean PAP genes at the phytozome website. Bioinformatic analyses were carried out to investigate their gene structure, conserve motifs and phylogenetic relationships. Hydroponics and sand-culture experiments were carried out to obtain the plant materials. Quantitative real-time PCR was employed to analyse the expression patterns of PAP genes in response to P deficiency and symbiosis. Key Results In total, 35 PAP genes were identified from soybean genomes, which can be classified into three distinct groups including six subgroups in the phylogenetic tree. The expression pattern analysis showed flowers possessed the largest number of tissue-specific GmPAP genes under normal P conditions. The expression of 23 GmPAPs was induced or enhanced by Pi starvation in different tissues. Among them, nine GmPAP genes were highly expressed in the Pi-deprived nodules, whereas only two GmPAP genes showed significantly increased expression in the arbuscular mycorrhizal roots under low-P conditions. Conclusions Most GmPAP genes are probably involved in P acquisition and recycling in plants. Also we provide the first evidence that some members of the GmPAP gene family are possibly involved in the response of plants to symbiosis with rhizobia or arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under P-limited conditions. C1 [Li, Chengchen; Gui, Shunhua; Yang, Tao; Wang, Xiurong; Liao, Hong] S China Agr Univ, Root Biol Ctr, State Key Lab Conservat & Utilizat Subtrop Agrobi, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Walk, Thomas] ARS, USDA, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Wang, XR (reprint author), S China Agr Univ, Root Biol Ctr, State Key Lab Conservat & Utilizat Subtrop Agrobi, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM xrwang@scau.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [30971853, 30890131] FX We thank Dr B. L. Lim at the University of Hong Kong and Dr H. X. Shou at Zhejiang University for their critical comments which improved the manuscript. We also thank our colleagues Drs J. Tian, J. Zhao and J. X. Wang for helpful discussions and comments. This research is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30971853, 30890131). NR 49 TC 35 Z9 45 U1 3 U2 44 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-7364 J9 ANN BOT-LONDON JI Ann. Bot. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 109 IS 1 BP 275 EP 285 DI 10.1093/aob/mcr246 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 863TV UT WOS:000298191900024 PM 21948626 ER PT J AU Lietze, VU Geden, CJ Doyle, MA Boucias, DG AF Lietze, Verena-Ulrike Geden, Christopher J. Doyle, Melissa A. Boucias, Drion G. TI Disease Dynamics and Persistence of Musca domestica Salivary Gland Hypertrophy Virus Infections in Laboratory House Fly (Musca domestica) Populations SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MOSQUITO IRIDESCENT VIRUS; NUCLEAR POLYHEDROSIS-VIRUS; INAEDES TAENIORHYNCHUS; ORYCTES-RHINOCEROS; SEX-DIFFERENCES; FLIES DIPTERA; TRANSMISSION; LEPIDOPTERA; SUSCEPTIBILITY; NOCTUIDAE AB Past surveys of feral house fly populations have shown that Musca domestica salivary gland hypertrophy virus (MdSGHV) has a worldwide distribution, with an average prevalence varying between 0.5% and 10%. How this adult-specific virus persists in nature is unknown. In the present study, experiments were conducted to examine short-term transmission efficiency and long-term persistence of symptomatic MdSGHV infections in confined house fly populations. Average rates of disease transmission from virus-infected to healthy flies in small populations of 50 or 100 flies ranged from 3% to 24% and did not vary between three tested geographical strains that originated from different continents. Introduction of an initial proportion of 40% infected flies into fly populations did not result in epizootics. Instead, long-term observations demonstrated that MdSGHV infection levels declined over time, resulting in a 10% infection rate after passing through 10 filial generations. In all experiments, induced disease rates were significantly higher in male flies than in female flies and might be explained by male-specific behaviors that increased contact with viremic flies and/or virus-contaminated surfaces. C1 [Lietze, Verena-Ulrike; Boucias, Drion G.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Geden, Christopher J.; Doyle, Melissa A.] ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Lietze, VU (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM vlietze@ufl.edu FU USDA National Research Initiative (NRI) [2007-35302-18127] FX We acknowledge partial financial support by the USDA National Research Initiative (NRI 2007-35302-18127). NR 41 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 78 IS 2 BP 311 EP 317 DI 10.1128/AEM.06500-11 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 875GQ UT WOS:000299018800003 PM 22057863 ER PT J AU Tian, P Yang, D Pan, LW Mandrell, R AF Tian, Peng Yang, David Pan, Liangwen Mandrell, Robert TI Application of a Receptor-Binding Capture Quantitative Reverse Transcription-PCR Assay To Concentrate Human Norovirus from Sewage and To Study the Distribution and Stability of the Virus SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NORWALK-LIKE VIRUSES; WASTE-WATER TREATMENT; GENETIC DIVERSITY; ENTERIC VIRUSES; TREATMENT-PLANT; MAGNETIC BEADS; IV NOROVIRUSES; DRINKING-WATER; UNITED-STATES; GENOGROUPS I AB Water is an important route for human norovirus (HuNoV) transmission. Using magnetic beads conjugated with blood group-like antigens (HuNoV receptors), we developed a simple and rapid receptor-binding capture and magnetic sequestration (RBCMS) method and compared it to the existing negatively charged membrane absorption/elution (NCMAE) method for concentrating HuNoV from sewage effluent. RBCMS required 6-fold-less sample volume than the NCMAE method and also resulted in a significantly higher yield of HuNoV. The NCMAE and RBCMS concentrations of genogroup I (GI) HuNoV measured by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) resulted in average threshold cycle (C(T)) values of 34.68 (8.68 copies, 252-fold concentration) versus 34.07 (13.05 copies, 477-fold concentration), respectively; the NCMAE and RBCMS concentrations of genogroup II (GII) HuNoV were measured as average C(T) values of 33.32 (24.7 copies, 239-fold concentration) versus 32.38 (46.9 copies, 333-fold concentration), respectively. The specificity of qRT-PCR was confirmed by traditional RT-PCR and an RNase I protection assay. The qRT-PCR signal from RBCMS-concentrated HuNoV treated with RNase I indicated that it was from encapsidated RNA and, probably, viable virus. In contrast, the qRT-PCR signal from NCMAE-concentrated HuNoV was not protected from RNase I and, likely, degradation. Both GI and GII HuNoV were detected from sewage effluent samples collected between April and July with average concentrations of 7.8 x 10(3) genomic copies per liter (gc/liter) and 4.3 x 10(4) gc/liter, respectively. No GI and <2% GII HuNoV were detected in sewage samples stored at room temperature for 4 weeks. We conclude that RBCMS requires less sample volume, has better recovery and sensitivity, and is faster than NCMAE for detection of HuNoV in sewage. C1 [Tian, Peng; Yang, David; Mandrell, Robert] ARS, Produce Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Pan, Liangwen] Shanghai Entry Exit Inspect & Quarantine Bur, Shanghai, Peoples R China. RP Tian, P (reprint author), ARS, Produce Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM peng.tian@ars.uscla.gov FU USDA Agricultural Research Service CRIS [5325-42000-021-044, 5325-42000-021-045] FX This work was supported by USDA Agricultural Research Service CRIS projects 5325-42000-021-044 and 5325-42000-021-045. NR 39 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 78 IS 2 BP 429 EP 436 DI 10.1128/AEM.06875-11 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 875GQ UT WOS:000299018800016 PM 22101044 ER PT J AU Parker, CT Kyle, JL Huynh, S Carter, MQ Brandl, MT Mandrell, RE AF Parker, Craig T. Kyle, Jennifer L. Huynh, Steven Carter, Michelle Q. Brandl, Maria T. Mandrell, Robert E. TI Distinct Transcriptional Profiles and Phenotypes Exhibited by Escherichia coli O157:H7 Isolates Related to the 2006 Spinach-Associated Outbreak SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ACID RESISTANCE; GENE-EXPRESSION; PHOSPHATE STARVATION; PSI-BLAST; O157H7; RPOS; TOLERANCE; STRAINS; STRESS; VIRULENCE AB In 2006, a large outbreak of Escherichia coli O157:H7 was linked to the consumption of ready-to-eat bagged baby spinach in the United States. The likely sources of preharvest spinach contamination were soil and water that became contaminated via cattle or feral pigs in the proximity of the spinach fields. In this study, we compared the transcriptional profiles of 12 E. coli O157:H7 isolates that possess the same two-enzyme pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) profile and are related temporally or geographically to the above outbreak. These E. colt O157:H7 isolates included three clinical isolates, five isolates from separate bags of spinach, and single isolates from pasture soil, river water, cow feces, and a feral pig. The three clinical isolates and two spinach bag isolates grown in cultures to stationary phase showed decreased expression of many as-regulated genes, including gadA, osmE, osmY, and katE, compared with the soil, water, cow, feral pig, and the other three spinach bag isolates. The decreased expression of these as-regulated genes was correlated with the decreased resistance of the isolates to acid stress, osmotic stress, and oxidative stress but increases in scavenging ability. We also observed that intraisolate variability was much more pronounced among the clinical and spinach isolates than among the environmental isolates. Together, the transcriptional and phenotypic differences of the spinach outbreak isolates of E. colt O157:H7 support the hypothesis that some variants within the spinach bag retained characteristics of the preharvest isolates, whereas other variants with altered gene expression and phenotypes infected the human host. C1 [Parker, Craig T.; Kyle, Jennifer L.; Huynh, Steven; Carter, Michelle Q.; Brandl, Maria T.; Mandrell, Robert E.] ARS, Produce Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Parker, CT (reprint author), ARS, Produce Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM craig.parker@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service CRIS [5325-42000-044, 5325-42000-045] FX This work was supported also by the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service CRIS projects 5325-42000-044 and 5325-42000-045. NR 44 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 78 IS 2 BP 455 EP 463 DI 10.1128/AEM.06251-11 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 875GQ UT WOS:000299018800019 PM 22081562 ER PT J AU Murthy, GS Johnston, DB Rausch, KD Tumbleson, ME Singh, V AF Murthy, Ganti S. Johnston, David B. Rausch, Kent D. Tumbleson, M. E. Singh, Vijay TI Design and Evaluation of an Optimal Controller for Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation Process SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Dry grind corn ethanol; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Cybernetic model; SSF process; Optimal controller; Gradient descent; Process disturbances ID FED-BATCH FERMENTATION; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; STARCH; SIMULATION; ETHANOL; SYSTEM; MODEL AB Ethanol from corn is produced using dry grind corn process in which simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) is one of the most critical unit operations. In this work an optimal controller based on a previously validated SSF model was developed by formulating the SSF process as a Bolza problem and using gradient descent methods. Validation experiments were performed to evaluate the performance of optimal controller under different process disturbances that are likely to occur in practice. Use of optimal control algorithm for the SSF process resulted in lower peak glucose concentration, similar ethanol yields (13.38 +/- 0.36% v/v and 13.50 +/- 0.15% v/v for optimally controlled and baseline experiments, respectively). Optimal controller improved final ethanol concentrations as compared to process without optimal controller under conditions of temperature (13.35 +/- 1.28 and 12.52 +/- 1.19% v/v for optimal and no optimal control, respectively) and pH disturbances (12.65 +/- 0.74 and 11.86 +/- 0.49% v/v for optimal and no optimal control, respectively). Cost savings due to lower enzyme usage and reduced cooling requirement were estimated to be up to $1 million for a 151 million L/yr (40 million gal/yr) dry grind plant. C1 [Johnston, David B.] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Rausch, Kent D.; Tumbleson, M. E.; Singh, Vijay] Univ Illinois, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Murthy, GS (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, 122 Gilmore Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM murthy@engr.orst.edu; vsingh@illinois.edu RI Murthy, Ganti /P-5272-2015 NR 27 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 9 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 166 IS 1 BP 87 EP 111 DI 10.1007/s12010-011-9406-9 PG 25 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 874XZ UT WOS:000298992900009 PM 22116670 ER PT J AU Moulton, MP Cropper, WP Moulton, LE Avery, ML Peacock, D AF Moulton, Michael P. Cropper, Wendell P., Jr. Moulton, Linda E. Avery, Michael L. Peacock, David TI A reassessment of historical records of avian introductions to Australia: no case for propagule pressure SO BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Propagule pressure; Introduced birds; Historical records ID NEW-ZEALAND; SEXUAL SELECTION; HAWAIIAN AVIFAUNA; OCEANIC ISLANDS; EXOTIC BIRDS; COMPETITION; EXTINCTION; SUCCESS; PATTERNS; ESTABLISHMENT AB Introduced species are widely believed to represent a significant threat to conservation of biological diversity. A better understanding of the ecological factors associated with successful species establishment should lead to improved management and mitigation of these introductions. The "propagule pressure hypothesis", implying a greater chance of successful introduction with greater numbers introduced, has been widely accepted as a principal ecological factor in explaining establishment of exotic species. The historical record of bird introductions in a few locations, including the state of Victoria in Australia, has been advanced as the principal quantitative support for the hypothesis. We compiled lists of bird species introductions into Australia from several sources, and discovered inconsistencies in the records of introductions. In a series of comparisons, we found that the historical record of passerine introductions to Australia does not support the propagule pressure hypothesis unless superfluous introductions of already successful species are included. An additional problem with previous analyses is the inclusion of unsuccessful haphazard cage escapes. C1 [Moulton, Michael P.; Moulton, Linda E.] Univ Florida, Dept Wildlife Ecol & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Cropper, Wendell P., Jr.] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Avery, Michael L.] USDA Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32641 USA. [Peacock, David] Biosecur SA, Nat Resources Management Biosecur Unit, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia. RP Moulton, MP (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Wildlife Ecol & Conservat, POB 110430, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM moultonm@ufl.edu; wcropper@ufl.edu; michael.l.avery@aphis.usda.gov; david.peacock@sa.gov.au RI Cropper, Jr., Wendell/E-5952-2010; OI Cropper, Jr., Wendell/0000-0001-7851-7382; Moulton, Michael/0000-0003-4041-9343 NR 59 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0960-3115 EI 1572-9710 J9 BIODIVERS CONSERV JI Biodivers. Conserv. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 21 IS 1 BP 155 EP 174 DI 10.1007/s10531-011-0173-2 PG 20 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 863TD UT WOS:000298190000011 ER PT J AU Davison, JE Coe, S Finch, D Rowland, E Friggens, M Graumlich, LJ AF Davison, Jennifer E. Coe, Sharon Finch, Deborah Rowland, Erika Friggens, Megan Graumlich, Lisa J. TI Bringing indices of species vulnerability to climate change into geographic space: an assessment across the Coronado national forest SO BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Biodiversity; Climate change adaptation; GIS; Land use planning; Species vulnerability assessments ID REGRESSION-ANALYSIS; FRAMEWORK AB Indices that rate the vulnerability of species to climate change in a given area are increasingly used to inform conservation and climate change adaptation strategies. These species vulnerability indices (SVI) are not commonly associated with landscape features that may affect local-scale vulnerability. To do so would increase their utility by allowing managers to examine how the distributions of vulnerable species coincide with environmental features such as topography and land use, and to detect landscape-scale patterns of vulnerability across species. In this study we evaluated 15 animal species that had been scored with the USDA-Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station's system for assessing vulnerability of species to climate change. We applied the vulnerability scores to each species' respective habitat models in order to visualize the spatial patterns of cross-species vulnerability across the biologically diverse Coronado national forest, and to identify the considerations of spatially referencing such indices. Across the study extent, cross-species vulnerability was higher in higher-elevation woodlands and lower in desert scrub. The results of spatially referencing SVI scores may vary according to the species examined, the area of interest, the selection of habitat models, and the method by which cross-species vulnerability indices are created. We show that it is simple and constructive to bring species vulnerability indices into geographic space: landscape-scale patterns of vulnerability can be detected, and relevant ecological and socioeconomic contexts can be taken into account, allowing for more robust conservation and management strategies. C1 [Davison, Jennifer E.; Coe, Sharon; Rowland, Erika; Graumlich, Lisa J.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Coe, Sharon; Finch, Deborah; Friggens, Megan] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Albuquerque, NM 87102 USA. RP Davison, JE (reprint author), Univ Washington, Coll Environm, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM jnfrdvsn@u.washington.edu RI Finch, Deborah/H-2876-2015 OI Finch, Deborah/0000-0001-9118-7381 NR 30 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 30 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0960-3115 J9 BIODIVERS CONSERV JI Biodivers. Conserv. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 21 IS 1 BP 189 EP 204 DI 10.1007/s10531-011-0175-0 PG 16 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 863TD UT WOS:000298190000013 ER PT J AU Moulton, MP Cropper, WP Avery, ML AF Moulton, Michael P. Cropper, Wendell P., Jr. Avery, Michael L. TI Historical records of passerine introductions to New Zealand fail to support the propagule pressure hypothesis SO BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Propagule pressure; Introduced birds; Historical records ID ESTABLISHMENT SUCCESS; BIRDS AB Blackburn et al. (Biodiver Conserv 20:2189-2199, 2011) claim that a reanalysis of passerine introductions to New Zealand supports the propagule pressure hypothesis. The conclusions of Blackburn et al. (2011) are invalid for three reasons: First, the historical record is so flawed that there is no sound basis for identifying the mechanisms behind extinction following introduction, or whether species were successful because they were introduced in large numbers or were introduced in large numbers because earlier releases succeeded. Second, the GLIMMIX analysis of Blackburn et al. (2011) is biased in favor of the propagule pressure hypothesis. Third, the population viability analysis presented by Blackburn et al. (2011) is based on unjustified and questionable assumptions. It is likely that the outcome of passerine bird introductions to New Zealand depended on species characteristics, site characteristics, and human decisions more than on a simple summing of the numbers introduced. C1 [Moulton, Michael P.] Univ Florida, Dept Wildlife Ecol & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Cropper, Wendell P., Jr.] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Avery, Michael L.] USDA Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32641 USA. RP Moulton, MP (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Wildlife Ecol & Conservat, POB 110430, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM moultonm@ufl.edu; wcropper@ufl.edu; michael.l.avery@aphis.usda.gov RI Cropper, Jr., Wendell/E-5952-2010; OI Cropper, Jr., Wendell/0000-0001-7851-7382; Moulton, Michael/0000-0003-4041-9343 NR 19 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0960-3115 J9 BIODIVERS CONSERV JI Biodivers. Conserv. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 21 IS 1 BP 297 EP 307 DI 10.1007/s10531-011-0165-2 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 863TD UT WOS:000298190000019 ER PT J AU Mealey, RH Kappmeyer, LS Ueti, MW Wagner, B Knowles, DP AF Mealey, Robert H. Kappmeyer, Lowell S. Ueti, Massaro W. Wagner, Bettina Knowles, Donald P. TI Protective Effects of Passively Transferred Merozoite-Specific Antibodies against Theileria equi in Horses with Severe Combined Immunodeficiency SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BABESIA-EQUI; INFECTIOUS-ANEMIA; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; PARASITEMIA; VIREMIA; DEFECT; GENES; FOALS AB Theileria equi immune plasma was infused into young horses (foals) with severe combined immunodeficiency. Although all foals became infected following intravenous challenge with homologous T. equi merozoite stabilate, delayed time to peak parasitemia occurred. Protective effects were associated with a predominance of passively transferred merozoite-specific IgG3. C1 [Mealey, Robert H.; Knowles, Donald P.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Kappmeyer, Lowell S.; Ueti, Massaro W.; Knowles, Donald P.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Wagner, Bettina] Cornell Univ, Dept Populat Med & Diagnost Sci, Ithaca, NY USA. RP Mealey, RH (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM rhm@vetmed.wsu.edu FU USDA-ARS CRIS [5348-32000-028D] FX This work was supported by USDA-ARS CRIS 5348-32000-028D. NR 24 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 19 IS 1 BP 100 EP 104 DI 10.1128/CVI.05301-11 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 870NA UT WOS:000298675000016 PM 22038847 ER PT J AU Yen, ST Bruce, DJ Jahns, L AF Yen, Steven T. Bruce, Donald J. Jahns, Lisa TI SUPPLEMENTAL NUTRITION ASSISTANCE PROGRAM PARTICIPATION AND HEALTH: EVIDENCE FROM LOW-INCOME INDIVIDUALS IN TENNESSEE SO CONTEMPORARY ECONOMIC POLICY LA English DT Article ID FOOD STAMP PROGRAM; BAYESIAN-ANALYSIS; NUTRIENT INTAKE; UNITED-STATES; MODEL; VARIABLES; INEQUALITY; REGRESSION; MORTALITY; FREQUENCY AB We investigate the factors that contribute to participation in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP, formerly known as the Food Stamp Program) and the effects of such participation on self-assessed health (SAH). Our estimation approach consists of an endogenous switching ordered probability model, using the copula approach, for a sample of current and former Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) recipients in Tennessee. Results indicate that sociodemographic characteristics play a role in SNAP participation. Interestingly, we find that participation in SNAP is inversely related to SAH. (JEL I12, I38, C31) C1 [Yen, Steven T.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Bruce, Donald J.] Univ Tennessee, Ctr Business & Econ Res, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Bruce, Donald J.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Econ, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Jahns, Lisa] ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. RP Yen, ST (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM syen@utk.edu; dbruce@utk.edu; lisa.jahns@ars.usda.gov OI Jahns, Lisa/0000-0002-1828-6962 NR 42 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1074-3529 J9 CONTEMP ECON POLICY JI Contemp. Econ. Policy PD JAN PY 2012 VL 30 IS 1 BP 1 EP 12 DI 10.1111/j.1465-7287.2010.00246.x PG 12 WC Economics; Public Administration SC Business & Economics; Public Administration GA 872YI UT WOS:000298847000001 ER PT J AU Lu, CL Liu, YL Shen, J AF Lu, Chunling Liu, Yuanli Shen, Jian TI DOES CHINA'S RURAL COOPERATIVE MEDICAL SYSTEM ACHIEVE ITS GOALS? EVIDENCE FROM THE CHINA HEALTH SURVEILLANCE BASELINE SURVEY IN 2001 SO CONTEMPORARY ECONOMIC POLICY LA English DT Article ID OUT-OF-POCKET; CARE; INSURANCE; EXPENDITURES; SELECTION; SCHEME; MODELS AB The Chinese government is in the process of providing health insurance to the uninsured rural population by expanding the rural Cooperative Medical System (CMS) to every rural county. Using the China Health Surveillance Baseline Survey in 2001, we conducted a case study on two CMS pilot programs and investigated whether or not enrolling in these CMS pilot programs has led to an increase in health care utilization and a decrease in the likelihood of catastrophic health spending for rural residents. Matched data sets are produced using propensity score and the instrumental variable (IV) method is used. We have found that the CMS pilot programs have had a significant and positive effect on the probability of seeking medical care and the number of visits. However, the CMS programs did not seem to have had a significant impact on households' out-of-pocket health expenditure and on reducing catastrophic spending. The findings generated from the matched data are consistent with those obtained from the full set of data and those obtained from the IV method. (JEL I18) C1 [Lu, Chunling] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Global Hlth & Social Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Liu, Yuanli] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Populat & Int Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Shen, Jian] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Lu, CL (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Global Hlth & Social Med, 651 Huntington Ave,7th Floor, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM chunling_lu@harvard.edu; yuanliu@hsph.harvard.edu; jian.shen@tufts.edu NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1074-3529 EI 1465-7287 J9 CONTEMP ECON POLICY JI Contemp. Econ. Policy PD JAN PY 2012 VL 30 IS 1 BP 93 EP 112 DI 10.1111/j.1465-7287.2011.00252.x PG 20 WC Economics; Public Administration SC Business & Economics; Public Administration GA 872YI UT WOS:000298847000007 ER PT J AU Souza, EJ Sneller, C Guttieri, MJ Sturbaum, A Griffey, C Sorrells, M Ohm, H Van Sanford, D AF Souza, Edward J. Sneller, Clay Guttieri, Mary J. Sturbaum, Anne Griffey, Carl Sorrells, Mark Ohm, Herbert Van Sanford, David TI Basis for Selecting Soft Wheat for End-Use Quality SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L.; DOUBLED HAPLOID POPULATION; RETENTION CAPACITY TEST; GRAIN PROTEIN-CONTENT; BAKING QUALITY; WINTER-WHEAT; QTL ANALYSIS; BREAD WHEAT; OXIDATIVE GELATION; GLUTEN STRENGTH AB Within the United States, end-use quality of soft wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is determined by several genetically controlled components: milling yield, flour particle size, and baking characteristics related to flour water absorption. In 2007 and 2008, we measured the soft wheat quality of 187 soft winter wheat cultivars, released from 1801 to 2005, for the eastern United States. Wheat cultivars were grown in nine eastern United States environments. Quality traits included test weight, flour yield, softness equivalent (an estimator of break flour yield), flour protein concentration, solvent retention capacity (SRC) of flour, and sugar-snap cookie quality. All of the traits had large variance components due to genotype. Flour milling characteristics had the largest ratio of genotype variance to genotype x environment interaction variance. Based on multivariate analysis of the trait correlation structure, breeders should focus on milling yield, flour softness equivalent, and sucrose SRC, as they predict long-flow flour milling performance and have value for commercial milling and baking. These traits also have large genetic variance relative to genotype x environment interactions and represent distinct aspects of quality. Although some improvement in soft wheat milling and baking quality has been observed over the past 200 yr, the dominant effect of selection appears to be a stable standard of quality that is associated with the soft wheat classes of the eastern United States. C1 [Souza, Edward J.; Sturbaum, Anne] ARS, USDA, Soft Wheat Qual Lab, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Sneller, Clay; Guttieri, Mary J.] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Griffey, Carl] Virginia Tech, Crop & Soil Environm Sci Dep, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Sorrells, Mark] Cornell Univ, Dep Plant Breeding, Ithaca, NY 14861 USA. [Ohm, Herbert] Purdue Univ, Dep Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Van Sanford, David] Univ Kentucky, Dep Plant & Soil Sci, Lexington, KY 40540 USA. RP Souza, EJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Soft Wheat Qual Lab, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM edward.souza@Bayer.com FU Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service (USDA-CSREES); National Research Initiative; CAP [2006-55606-16629]; USDA Agricultural Research Service; National Program 306; Kraft Foods FX The authors wish to acknowledge the funding of the Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service (USDA-CSREES), National Research Initiative, CAP grant number 2006-55606-16629, USDA Agricultural Research Service, National Program 306, and Kraft Foods. The results of this work would not be possible without the skill and work of the Soft Wheat Quality staff, including Amy Bugaj and Tom Donelson, and the Ohio State University staff of Sue Carson, Duc Hua, and Sharon Croskey. NR 49 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 20 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 52 IS 1 BP 21 EP 31 DI 10.2135/cropsci2011.02.0090 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 865CY UT WOS:000298289600003 ER PT J AU Warkentin, TD Delgerjav, O Arganosa, G Rehman, AU Bett, KE Anbessa, Y Rossnagel, B Raboy, V AF Warkentin, T. D. Delgerjav, O. Arganosa, G. Rehman, A. U. Bett, K. E. Anbessa, Y. Rossnagel, B. Raboy, V. TI Development and Characterization of Low-Phytate Pea SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PHYTIC-ACID; FIELD PEA; L.; IDENTIFICATION; PHOSPHORUS; MUTANTS; GRAIN AB The majority of the total phosphorus in seeds is stored in the form of phytate, a mixed-cation salt of phytic acid. Phytate is not well digested by humans and monogastric animals. Phosphorus excretion is one of the major pollutants of surface waters in many locations in the world. Important micronutrients such as iron and zinc bound to phytate are also excreted, potentially leading to micronutrient deficiencies. Low-phytate mutants have been developed in several crop species as one strategy to deal with the phytate problem. The objective of this research was the development of low-phytate pea (Pisum sativum L.) using chemical mutagenesis of cultivar CDC Bronco, and the agronomic characterization of two resulting lines. In these lines, phytate phosphorus concentration was reduced by approximately 60%, with a compensating increase in inorganic phosphorus. The low-phytate lines were similar in agronomic performance to CDC Bronco, except for somewhat slower time to flowering and maturity, slightly lower seed weight, and slightly lower grain yield. Low-phytate field pea should have potential to improve phosphorus and micronutrient bioavailability in human and animal diets. C1 [Warkentin, T. D.; Delgerjav, O.; Arganosa, G.; Rehman, A. U.; Bett, K. E.; Rossnagel, B.] Univ Saskatchewan, Dep Plant Sci, Crop Dev Ctr, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada. [Anbessa, Y.] Alberta Agr & Rural Dev, Field Crop Dev Ctr, Lacombe, AB T4L 1W8, Canada. [Raboy, V.] ARS, USDA, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. RP Warkentin, TD (reprint author), Univ Saskatchewan, Dep Plant Sci, Crop Dev Ctr, 51 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada. EM tom.warkentin@usask.ca FU Saskatchewan Pulse Growers; Saskatchewan Ministry of Agriculture; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada FX Financial support for this research by the Saskatchewan Pulse Growers, the Agriculture Development Fund of the Saskatchewan Ministry of Agriculture, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, the technical support of the pulse crop breeding crew at the Crop Development Centre, and the seed increase of the M0 generation by Ted Wagner are gratefully acknowledged. NR 20 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 8 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 52 IS 1 BP 74 EP 78 DI 10.2135/cropsci2011.05.0285 PG 5 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 865CY UT WOS:000298289600008 ER PT J AU Huhn, MR Elias, EM Ghavami, F Kianian, SF Chao, SM Zhong, SB Alamri, MS Yahyaoui, A Mergoum, M AF Huhn, Melissa R. Elias, Elias M. Ghavami, Farhad Kianian, Shahryar F. Chao, Shiaoman Zhong, Shaobin Alamri, Mohammed S. Yahyaoui, Amor Mergoum, Mohamed TI Tetraploid Tunisian Wheat Germplasm as a New Source of Fusarium Head Blight Resistance SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L.; DURUM-WHEAT; DEOXYNIVALENOL ACCUMULATION; DIALLEL ANALYSIS; WINTER-WHEAT; SPRING WHEAT; QTL; MICROSATELLITE; REGISTRATION; MARKERS AB Fusarium head blight (FHB) caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe causes extensive losses in durum wheat [Triticum turgidum subsp. durum (Desf.) Husn.]. The only verified resistance contributed by a tetraploid wheat species comes from T. turgidum L. subsp. dicoccoides (Korn. ex Asch. & Graebn.) Thell. This research was conducted to determine whether five Tunisian durum lines exhibiting Type II FHB resistance carry the same resistance alleles as the hexaploid wheat 'Frontana', 'Sumai 3', and 'Wangshuibai' and subsp. dicoccoides genotype (Israel A). One hundred thirty-one polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based markers were used to determine the genetic similarity among 20 genotypes including resistant and susceptible Tunisian lines and adapted tetraploid and hexaploid cultivars. Phenotypic evaluation was conducted in two greenhouse seasons. Cluster analysis of the Tunisian lines based on the genetic markers showed they are genetically distant from known sources of resistance. Tunisian 7, the most resistant line in this study, was distinctly placed on a separate branch from all the other Tunisian lines, indicating the presence of some genetic diversity. Nineteen of the genotypes were haplotyped with PCR-based markers for nine loci on six chromosomes associated with known Type II FHB resistance. The Tunisian lines amplified different fragment sizes from the known resistant hexaploid wheat cultivars and subsp. dicoccoides. Results from this study indicate that these Tunisian lines may contain a novel source of Type II FHB resistance. C1 [Elias, Elias M.; Ghavami, Farhad; Kianian, Shahryar F.; Mergoum, Mohamed] N Dakota State Univ, Dep Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Chao, Shiaoman] ARS, USDA, Cereals Unit, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Zhong, Shaobin] N Dakota State Univ, Dep Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Alamri, Mohammed S.] King Saud Univ, Nutr Coll Food & Agr Sci, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. [Yahyaoui, Amor] ICARDA CIMMYT, Aleppo, Syria. RP Elias, EM (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dep Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. EM elias.elias@ndsu.edu RI Mergoum, Mohamed/D-3815-2014 FU North Dakota Wheat Commission; U.S. Department of Agriculture [59-0206-9-061] FX The authors thank Dr. Robert Stack (retired) Plant Pathology Department, North Dakota State University, for providing the FHB isolates and his support. This work was partially supported by the North Dakota Wheat Commission and the U.S. Department of Agriculture under the agreement of 59-0206-9-061. All findings and conclusions of this publication are those of the authors and do not reflect the views of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 43 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 52 IS 1 BP 136 EP 145 DI 10.2135/cropsci2011.05.0263 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 865CY UT WOS:000298289600015 ER PT J AU Heslot, N Yang, HP Sorrells, ME Jannink, JL AF Heslot, Nicolas Yang, Hsiao-Pei Sorrells, Mark E. Jannink, Jean-Luc TI Genomic Selection in Plant Breeding: A Comparison of Models SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SUPPORT VECTOR REGRESSION; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; MOLECULAR MARKERS; BAYESIAN LASSO; PREDICTION; REGULARIZATION; POPULATION; ALGORITHM; NETWORKS; PEDIGREE AB Simulation and empirical studies of genomic selection (GS) show accuracies sufficient to generate rapid genetic gains. However, with the increased popularity of GS approaches, numerous models have been proposed and no comparative analysis is available to identify the most promising ones. Using eight wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh., and maize (Zea mays L.) datasets, the predictive ability of currently available GS models along with several machine learning methods was evaluated by comparing accuracies, the genomic estimated breeding values (GEBVs), and the marker effects for each model. While a similar level of accuracy was observed for many models, the level of overfitting varied widely as did the computation time and the distribution of marker effect estimates. Our comparisons suggested that GS in plant breeding programs could be based on a reduced set of models such as the Bayesian Lasso, weighted Bayesian shrinkage regression (wBSR, a fast version of BayesB), and random forest (RF) (a machine learning method that could capture nonadditive effects). Linear combinations of different models were tested as well as bagging and boosting methods, but they did not improve accuracy. This study also showed large differences in accuracy between subpopulations within a dataset that could not always be explained by differences in phenotypic variance and size. The broad diversity of empirical datasets tested here adds evidence that GS could increase genetic gain per unit of time and cost. C1 [Yang, Hsiao-Pei; Jannink, Jean-Luc] Cornell Univ, ARS, USDA, RW Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Heslot, Nicolas; Sorrells, Mark E.] Cornell Univ, Dep Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Heslot, Nicolas] ZAC Portes Riom, Limagrain Europe, F-63200 Riom, France. RP Jannink, JL (reprint author), Cornell Univ, ARS, USDA, RW Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM jeanluc.jannink@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-NIFA-AFRI [2009-65300-05661, 2011-68002-30029]; USDA-NIFA National Research Initiative [2005-05130]; Microsoft Corporation; [Hatch 149-402] FX The authors thank P. Flament, S. Chauvet, and all the Limagrain Europe biostatistics team for their helpful suggestions. The USDA-NIFA-AFRI provided grant support (award numbers 2009-65300-05661 and 2011-68002-30029). Additional funding for this research was provided by USDA-NIFA National Research Initiative CAP grant No. 2005-05130 and by Hatch 149-402. Part of this work was carried out by using the resources of the Computational Biology Service Unit at Cornell University, which is partially funded by Microsoft Corporation. NR 53 TC 139 Z9 141 U1 9 U2 114 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 52 IS 1 BP 146 EP 160 DI 10.2135/cropsci2011.06.0297 PG 15 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 865CY UT WOS:000298289600016 ER PT J AU Price, DL Salon, PR Casler, MD AF Price, David L. Salon, Paul R. Casler, Michael D. TI Big Bluestem Gene Pools in the Central and Northeastern United States SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ANDROPOGON-GERARDII; GENOTYPING ERRORS; DIVERSITY; POPULATIONS; AFLP; SWITCHGRASS; REMNANT; PRAIRIE; MARKERS; PLANTS AB Big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii Vitman) is a native grass of the North American tallgrass prairie, used as a forage crop and as a possible biofuel feedstock. Understanding the genetic diversity of big bluestem can enable better classification of accessions and increase the ability to recognize unique genetic variation for use within breeding programs. Previous studies of the genetic diversity of big bluestem have generated mixed conclusions; further study is warranted to provide clarification of the genetic structure. Genetic diversity was measured both among and within three groups of big bluestem populations: natural populations collected in Wisconsin, natural populations from the northeastern United States, and cultivars or accessions available through various gene banks (mostly originating in the Great Plains). A total of 417 amplified fragment length polymorphism loci were used for principal coordinate analysis, analysis of molecular variance, and Mantel tests. Results indicate that germplasm groups represent three distinct genetic pools with overlapping regions. Partitioning of genetic variance for each of the three groups revealed significant variance among ecoregions and hardiness zones and among populations within ecoregions and hardiness zones. Unique big bluestem germplasm is present outside of the Great Plains, providing opportunities to increase genetic variation within breeding germplasm. Efforts should be made to preserve these genetic resources. C1 [Price, David L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dep Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Salon, Paul R.] USDA NRCS, Big Flats Plant Mat Ctr, Corning, NY 14830 USA. [Casler, Michael D.] ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Price, DL (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dep Agron, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM DLPrice2@wisc.edu FU Forage Genetics International (Nampa, ID) FX We thank Nick Baker, USDA-ARS, Madison, WI, for his assistance with the seed collection process and the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources for allowing access to their sites. We thank Shawn Kaeppler, University of Wisconsin and David Spooner, USDA-ARS, Madison, WI, for their helpful comments on the early version of the manuscript. This work was funded by Forage Genetics International (Nampa, ID). Mention of a trademark, product name or brand does not imply endorsement of a product over any other product by the University of Wisconsin or the USDA-ARS. NR 51 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 17 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 52 IS 1 BP 189 EP 200 DI 10.2135/cropsci2011.05.0280 PG 12 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 865CY UT WOS:000298289600020 ER PT J AU Hinze, LL Dever, JK Percy, RG AF Hinze, Lori L. Dever, Jane K. Percy, Richard G. TI Molecular Variation Among and Within Improved Cultivars in the U.S. Cotton Germplasm Collection SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FIBER QUALITY TRAITS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; MARKERS; RESOURCES AB Many cotton (Gossypium spp.) accessions conserved in the U.S. Cotton Germplasm Collection are not characterized sufficiently to encourage breeders' interest in using these accessions. This study was conducted to determine the genetic variability of several groups of improved Gossypium hirsutum L. accessions and how this variability can be used to enhance current breeding programs. These groups were selected based on region or era of development and included cultivars from China and northern and southern Africa and obsolete and recent U.S. cultivars. Both inter- and intracultivar diversity were observed among these cultivars, but larger patterns of diversity based on region or era of development were poor or lacking. Heterozygosity levels averaged 44% for all groups, with Chinese cultivars showing the lowest polymorphism (72%) and polymorphism information content (PIC) values (0.332). The African cultivars showed the highest levels of intracultivar molecular variation with 13.4% polymorphic loci. The majority of molecular diversity was found within groups (62.2%) and within cultivars (31.0%) rather than among groups (6.8%). The average genetic similarity between cultivars was 0.832, ranging from 0.675 to 0.999. This information will provide cotton breeders with more accurate guidance in the selection of unique and desirable accessions to introduce diversity that possibly will reduce vulnerability to disease and insect pressures and could provide improvements for yield, agronomic, and fiber quality traits. C1 [Hinze, Lori L.; Percy, Richard G.] ARS, USDA, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Dever, Jane K.] Texas AgriLife Res, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. RP Hinze, LL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, 2881 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM Lori.Hinze@ars.usda.gov OI Hinze, Lori L/0000-0003-3356-1245 FU CRIS of U.S. Department of Agriculture [6202-21000-031-00D] FX This research project was supported by funding from CRIS No. 6202-21000-031-00D of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The authors gratefully acknowledge members of the USDA-ARS and Texas AgriLife Research cotton genetics and breeding projects for their invaluable technical assistance. NR 21 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 8 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 52 IS 1 BP 222 EP 230 DI 10.2135/cropsci2011.04.0202 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 865CY UT WOS:000298289600023 ER PT J AU Nelson, JC Jodari, F Roughton, AI McKenzie, KM McClung, AM Fjellstrom, RG Scheffler, BE AF Nelson, J. C. Jodari, F. Roughton, A. I. McKenzie, K. M. McClung, A. M. Fjellstrom, R. G. Scheffler, B. E. TI QTL Mapping for Milling Quality in Elite Western U.S. Rice Germplasm SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; MARKERS AB Rice (Oryza sativa L.) milling yield is a key export and domestic grain quality trait whose genetic control is poorly understood. To identify genomic regions influencing grain quality, quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping was performed for quality-related traits including head-rice yield (HR) in 205 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross of L-204, a high-HR long-grain cultivar, with 01Y110, a low-HR advanced breeding line with high yield potential in the temperate U. S. rice-growing region. In replicated trials planted in California during 2007-2008, four QTLs carrying the HR-increasing allele from L204 and three from 01Y110 were consistently expressed. Multi-QTL models accounted for 30% of genetic variation for HR and up to 58% for other quality-related traits. Measures of kernel damage, though correlated with HR, were poor predictors of HR. Heading time, kernel dimension, apparent amylose content, and other highly heritable traits showed no correlation with HR. Stable QTLs for HR are likely to be revealed best by multienvironment experiments employing larger population sizes or more direct measurement of kernel structure and development traits involved in kernel breakage. C1 [Nelson, J. C.] Kansas State Univ, Dep Plant Pathol, Throckmorton Plant Sci Ctr 4024, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Jodari, F.; Roughton, A. I.; McKenzie, K. M.] Calif Cooperat Rice Res Fdn, Biggs, CA 95917 USA. [McClung, A. M.] ARS, USDA, Rice Res Unit, Beaumont, TX 77713 USA. [McClung, A. M.; Fjellstrom, R. G.] ARS, USDA, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Scheffler, B. E.] ARS, USDA, Genom & Bioinformat Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Scheffler, B. E.] Mid S Area Genom Facil, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Nelson, JC (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dep Plant Pathol, Throckmorton Plant Sci Ctr 4024, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM jcn@ksu.edu OI Scheffler, Brian/0000-0003-1968-8952 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service-National Research Initiative [2004-35317-14867] FX Support for this work has been provided in part by U.S. Department of Agriculture Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service-National Research Initiative-Applied Plant Genomics Program grant 2004-35317-14867 entitled "RiceCAP: A coordinated research, education, and extension project for the application of genomic discoveries to improve rice in the United States." The authors are grateful for the contributions of Eric Christensen, Sheron Simpson, Jason Bonnet, and Walter Solomon toward the completion of this research. This is contribution 11-078-J from the Kansas Agriculture Experiment Station. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 52 IS 1 BP 242 EP 252 DI 10.2135/cropsci2011.06.0324 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 865CY UT WOS:000298289600025 ER PT J AU Alexander, LM Kirigwi, FM Fritz, AK Fellers, JP AF Alexander, Lauren M. Kirigwi, Francis M. Fritz, Allan K. Fellers, John P. TI Mapping and Quantitative Trait Loci Analysis of Drought Tolerance in a Spring Wheat Population Using Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism and Diversity Array Technology Markers SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L.; GRAIN-YIELD; ENVIRONMENTS; BARLEY; RESISTANCE; STRESS; RICE; MAP AB Water availability is commonly the most limiting factor for crop production. This study was conducted to map wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) quantitative trait loci (QTL) involved in drought tolerance. Using amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) and Diversity Array Technology (DArT) markers, a population of 122 F(7)-derived recombinant inbred lines from a cross between 'Dharwar Dry' and 'Sitta' was reanalyzed to identify previously unknown QTL associated with drought tolerance traits and to further saturate known QTL regions. A linkage map of 48 groups was created from the combined data of DArT, AFLP, and previously reported simple sequence repeat (SSR) and expressed sequence tag (EST) markers. Quantitative trait loci were found in 24 of the 48 groups. Groups could be anchored on chromosomes 1D, 2B, 3A, 3B, 4A, 4B, 5A, 5B, 6A, 6D, 7A, and 7B. While four additional AFLP markers were added to the major QTL for drought tolerance on chromosome 4AL, a second major locus was found on chromosome 7B. QDt.ksu-7B spans 34.7 cM with three associated markers. Simple sequence repeat marker Xbarc172 and DArT marker XwPt-4230 explained 11.9% of the variation for harvest index under reduced irrigation in 1999 while AFLP marker XGTGG284 explained 10.7%. XwPt-6463 explained 11.9 and 11.2% of the variation for drought susceptibility index for spike number and yield, respectively. The locus QDt.ksu-4A now spans 21.9 cM and AFLP marker XCCGA110 explained 27.8 and 39.9% of the variation for grain fill rate and yield under reduced irrigation in 1999, respectively. C1 [Fellers, John P.] USDA ARS, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Alexander, Lauren M.; Kirigwi, Francis M.; Fritz, Allan K.] Kansas State Univ, Dep Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Fellers, JP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, 4006 Throckmorton Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM john.fellers@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS CRIS [5430-21000-005-00D]; Kansas Wheat Commission FX This is a joint submission between the USDA-ARS and the Kansas Agriculture Experiment Station, KAES Journal number 10-102J. Funding for the project came from USDA-ARS CRIS Project 5430-21000-005-00D and from the Kansas Wheat Commission. The authors would like to thank Drs. Justin Faris and Paul St. Amand for reviewing the manuscript and their suggestions. The authors would also like to thank Dr. Clare Nelson for help in the mapping and Beth Gillett-Walker for technical assistance. NR 31 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 15 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 52 IS 1 BP 253 EP 261 DI 10.2135/cropsci2011.05.0267 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 865CY UT WOS:000298289600026 ER PT J AU Kim, WS Jang, S Krishnan, HB AF Kim, Won-Seok Jang, Sungchan Krishnan, Hari B. TI Accumulation of Leginsulin, a Hormone-Like Bioactive Peptide, is Drastically Higher in Asian than in North American Soybean Accessions SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID BASIC 7S GLOBULIN; BETA-CONGLYCININ; MOLECULAR EVOLUTION; BINDING-PROTEIN; GLYCININ; GENE; SUBUNIT; SEEDS; SEQUENCE; REGIONS AB Leginsulin, a peptide made up of 37 amino acids, is homologous to pea (Pisum sativum L.) albumin (PA1b) and belongs to the cysteine-knot family. Even though the physiological function and three-dimensional structure of leginsulin have been explored, little is known about its expression, accumulation, and distribution among soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] accessions. An antibody generated against leginsulin was used to screen a diverse array of soybean accessions from the USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection to identify soybean accessions that are enriched in leginsulin. Analysis of 50% isopropanol-soluble proteins from 485 soybean lines by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and western blot analysis enabled the identification of 75 accessions that significantly accumulated leginsulin. Remarkably, all these accessions with the exception of two had their origin from Japan, Korea, or China. Leginsulin was barely detected in most of the commercial North American soybean cultivars used in this study. Western blot analysis revealed low accumulation of leginsulin in the embryonic axis but not in the cotyledons of North American soybean cultivar Williams 82 while in the Chinese PI 458249 leginsulin was abundantly present in both types of tissue. Examination of the soybean cultivar Williams 82 genome sequence revealed the presence of two homologous leginsulin genes (Gm13 g26330 [leginsulin 1] and Gm13 g26340 [leginsulin 2]) on chromosome 13. We have cloned the two leginsulin genes from PI 458249 and found them to be highly similar to that of Williams 82. Northern blot analysis indicated that leginsulin messenger RNA (mRNA) was abundant in Williams 82 embryonic axis but not in the cotyledon. In contrast, leginsulin mRNA was abundantly present in PI 458249, both in the embryonic axis and the cotyledons. C1 [Kim, Won-Seok; Krishnan, Hari B.] USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Jang, Sungchan; Krishnan, Hari B.] Univ Missouri, Plant Sci Div, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Krishnan, HB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, 205 Curtis Hall, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM Hari.Krishnan@ars.usda.gov FU ARS [3622-21000-000-00D] FX The authors thank Nathan Oehrle (USDA-ARS, University of Missouri) for critical reading of this manuscript. Funding for this research was provided by ARS project 3622-21000-000-00D. Product names are necessary to report factually on available data; however, the University of Missouri and the USDA neither guarantees nor warrants the standard of product, and the use of the name by the University of Missouri and the USDA implies no approval of the product to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. NR 38 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 4 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 52 IS 1 BP 262 EP 271 DI 10.2135/cropsci2011.08.0454 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 865CY UT WOS:000298289600027 ER PT J AU Ries, LL Purcell, LC Carter, TE Edwards, JT King, CA AF Ries, Landon L. Purcell, Larry C. Carter, Thomas E., Jr. Edwards, Jeffery T. King, C. Andy TI Physiological Traits Contributing to Differential Canopy Wilting in Soybean under Drought SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID WATER-USE EFFICIENCY; VAPOR-PRESSURE DEFICIT; REGISTRATION; TRANSPIRATION; GENOTYPES; RESPONSES; YIELD AB Delayed wilting is observed in a few unusual soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] genotypes, but the reasons and importance of this trait for conferring agronomic drought tolerance are poorly understood. We hypothesized that soybean genotypes with delayed wilting conserve soil moisture by restricting transpiration and that this would be reflected in decreased radiation use efficiency (RUE) and/or improved water use efficiency (WUE). Water conserved when soil moisture was plentiful would be available later in the season when drought is usually more severe. Irrigated field experiments in eight environments compared RUE of genotypes known to wilt differently during drought. In addition, we measured stomatal conductance, carbon isotope discrimination (CID), volumetric soil-moisture content, stomatal density, and canopy temperature depression. In six of the eight environments, slow-wilting genotypes generally had lower RUE than fast-wilting genotypes, which is consistent with our hypothesis. Three of four slow-wilting genotypes had higher soil moisture immediately before irrigation than fast-wilting genotypes, which is also consistent with the hypothesis. Genotypic differences in CID (a proxy for WUE) were present but were not consistently related with slow wilting. No genotypic differences were detected in stomatal conductance or canopy temperature. These results suggest that multiple mechanisms involving RUE and WUE could result in soil-water conservation in these diverse genotypes. C1 [Purcell, Larry C.; King, C. Andy] Univ Arkansas, Dep Crop Soil & Environm Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72704 USA. [Ries, Landon L.] Univ Minnesota, Dep Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Carter, Thomas E., Jr.] USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA. [Edwards, Jeffery T.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dep Plant & Soil Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. RP Purcell, LC (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dep Crop Soil & Environm Sci, 1366 W Altheimer Dr, Fayetteville, AR 72704 USA. EM lpurcell@uark.edu FU United Soybean Board FX Funding from the United Soybean Board for this research is gratefully acknowledged. Appreciation is also extended to Marilynn Davies for excellent technical assistance. NR 45 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 4 U2 20 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 52 IS 1 BP 272 EP 281 DI 10.2135/cropsci2011.05.0278 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 865CY UT WOS:000298289600028 ER PT J AU Moragues, M McMaster, GS AF Moragues, Marc McMaster, Gregory S. TI System to Uniquely Name Wheat Plant Structures SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID TILLER DEVELOPMENT; WINTER-WHEAT; GROWTH; LEAF; GRASSES; INFLORESCENCE AB Uniquely naming wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plant parts is useful for communicating plant development research and the effects of environmental stresses on normal wheat development. Over the past 30+ years, several naming systems have been proposed for wheat shoot, leaf, spike, spikelet, floret, and caryopsis structures. While these systems work very well in most field situations, several problems have emerged that can lead to confusion in uniquely naming all possible tillers and leaves. This confusion is unnecessary and leads to errors in communication that can be avoided. This paper describes a naming system that extends the previous systems so that all canopy structures are uniquely identified and additionally incorporates a phenological component if desired. C1 [Moragues, Marc] Colorado State Univ, Dep Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [McMaster, Gregory S.] USDA ARS, Agr Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Moragues, M (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dep Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM moragues@mail.colostate.edu RI Moragues, Marc/B-3952-2011 OI Moragues, Marc/0000-0003-3792-8745 NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 9 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 52 IS 1 BP 305 EP 308 DI 10.2135/cropsci2011.04.0212 PG 4 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 865CY UT WOS:000298289600031 ER PT J AU McMaster, GS Buchleiter, GW Bausch, WC AF McMaster, Gregory S. Buchleiter, Gerald W. Bausch, Walter C. TI Relationships between Sunflower Plant Spacing and Yield: Importance of Uniformity in Spacing SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SOIL-WATER EXTRACTION; GRAIN-YIELD; WINTER-WHEAT; CORN RESPONSE; GROWTH; VARIABILITY; IRRIGATION; EMERGENCE; SEED; GERMINATION AB Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) production systems in semiarid regions often have poor seedling emergence and patchy stands leading to lower yield. We hypothesized plant spacing was positively related to individual plant yield and this relationship would strengthen as water deficits increased. In a 2-yr study in Colorado, individual plant spacing and associated seed was measured for different irrigation treatments. Highly significant positive linear and second-order polynomial regressions of individual plant spacing and yield (p < 0.001) were observed for all irrigation treatments in both years. However, given highly variable individual plant yield with spacing, regression explained no more than 16% of the variation. No consistent pattern in linear regression slope, y-intercept, or R(2) values among irrigation treatments were noted, thereby not supporting the expectation that the relationship would be greater as water deficits increased, although rainfall events may have confounded the results. Leverage plots showed similar results as the regression equations but indicated plant spacing explained yield variation more than irrigation treatment. Regression tree analysis further confirmed that plant spacing was more important than irrigation treatment in explaining final plant yield. These results suggest there is a cost to final yield per unit area where large spacing results in lower yields even though these plants have the highest yields per plant of any spacing classes. C1 [McMaster, Gregory S.] USDA ARS, Agr Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Buchleiter, Gerald W.; Bausch, Walter C.] USDA ARS, Water Management Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP McMaster, GS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Agr Syst Res Unit, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg D,Suite 200, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM Greg.McMaster@ars.usda.gov NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 8 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 52 IS 1 BP 309 EP 319 DI 10.2135/cropsci2010.10.0572 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 865CY UT WOS:000298289600032 ER PT J AU Blaser, BC Singer, JW Gibson, LR AF Blaser, Brock C. Singer, Jeremy W. Gibson, Lance R. TI Winter Wheat and Red Clover Intercrop Response to Tillage and Compost Amendment SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FORAGE PRODUCTION; COVER CROPS; GRAIN-YIELD; NO-TILL; CORN; CEREAL; ROTATION; SOIL; ESTABLISHMENT; PRODUCTIVITY AB Frost-seeding red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) into winter cereals is an efficient establishment method, although performance under contrasting soil management practices remains unclear. Wheat and intercropped red clover productivity were evaluated in intensive tillage (IT), moderate tillage (MT), and no tillage (NT) with and without compost amendment in a corn (Zea mays L.)-soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]-winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and red clover rotation between 2005 and 2010. Wheat yields were not affected by tillage system and averaged 3.80 Mg ha(-1) but were 10% higher in compost amended soil compared to no compost. Red clover plant density and dry matter (DM) at cereal grain harvest averaged 127 plants m(-2) and 32 g m(-2) and were not affected by tillage or amendment treatments. Maximum wheat canopy light interception was attained in late May to early June and ranged from 84 to 91% and typically exceeded 77% light interception for at least 22 d. Red clover root DM increased on average 378% between wheat harvest and 40 d after harvest compared with a 64% average increase in red clover root length. Red clover shoot: root averaged 8.5 at wheat harvest compared with 11.2 40 d after wheat harvest. Producers using this wheat and red clover intercrop should expect no difference in wheat yield or red clover productivity when using IT, MT, or NT. C1 [Singer, Jeremy W.] USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Blaser, Brock C.] W Texas A&M Univ, Dep Agr Sci, Canyon, TX 79016 USA. [Gibson, Lance R.] Pioneer HiBred Int Inc, Johnston, IA 50131 USA. RP Singer, JW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, 2110 Univ Blvd, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM wondayen88@yahoo.com NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 19 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 52 IS 1 BP 320 EP 326 DI 10.2135/cropsci2011.05.0268 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 865CY UT WOS:000298289600033 ER PT J AU Harris-Shultz, KR Milla-Lewis, SR Zuleta, MC Schwartz, BM Hanna, WW Brady, JA AF Harris-Shultz, Karen R. Milla-Lewis, Susana R. Zuleta, M. Carolina Schwartz, Brian M. Hanna, Wayne W. Brady, Jeff A. TI Development of Simple Sequence Repeat Markers and the Analysis of Genetic Diversity and Ploidy Level in a Centipedegrass Collection SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PARENTAL LINE; REGISTRATION; MICROSATELLITES; AMPLIFICATION; HYBRIDIZATION; POPULATIONS; POLYPLOIDY; MAIZE; GRASS; RICE AB Little is known about the genetic variability of centipedegrass [Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro) Hack.] and few genetic tools have been available for this species. In this study, 69 unique Eremochloa sequences were generated by using a compound simple sequence repeat (SSR)-based cloning method. Twenty-nine of these clones contained an internal SSR and 30 specific primer pairs were developed that produced suitable amplification. The level of genetic diversity was assessed using 55 centipedegrass accessions and one Eremochloa zeylanica Hack. accession using primer pairs developed from the compound SSR-based cloning technique. Twenty-four polymorphic fragments could be scored and unweighted pair-group method using arithmetic averages (UPGMA) cluster analysis showed that the Eremochloa accessions clustered into two groups: a large cluster of E. ophiuroides accessions and a group containing the single E. zeylanica accession. Principle coordinate analysis further divided the centipedegrass accessions into three groups. Ploidy analysis revealed all centipedegrass accessions were diploid while the single E. zeylanica accession was found to be a putative tetraploid. Furthermore, many of these markers can be used for other species belonging to the subfamily Panicoideae. The division of the centipedegrass accessions into groups and analysis of ploidy level provides information that will aid in the effective use of this germplasm in breeding programs. C1 [Harris-Shultz, Karen R.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Zuleta, M. Carolina] N Carolina State Univ, Dep Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Schwartz, Brian M.; Hanna, Wayne W.] Univ Georgia, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Brady, Jeff A.] Texas AgriLife Res, Stephenville, TX 76401 USA. RP Harris-Shultz, KR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, 115 Coastal Way, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM Karen.Harris@ars.usda.gov OI Milla-Lewis, Susana/0000-0001-8524-5039 NR 39 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 52 IS 1 BP 383 EP 392 DI 10.2135/cropsci2011.03.0151 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 865CY UT WOS:000298289600040 ER PT J AU Bushman, BS Waldron, BL Robins, JG Bhattarai, K Johnson, PG AF Bushman, B. Shaun Waldron, Blair L. Robins, Joseph G. Bhattarai, Kishor Johnson, Paul G. TI Summer Percent Green Cover among Kentucky Bluegrass Cultivars, Accessions, and Other Poa Species Managed under Deficit Irrigation SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID LOW-MAINTENANCE; DROUGHT; TURF; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; PERFORMANCE; GRASSES; POACEAE; STRESS AB Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) is a widely used, high-quality, sod-producing turfgrass. To maintain an acceptable level of quality and function requires irrigation in the semiarid regions of the western United States. Landscape water use, however, is coming under increased scrutiny, and reducing water inputs is a goal of many municipalities. To identify Poa germplasm that maintains green color under deficit irrigation over summer seasons, this study was designed to evaluate the percent of green cover of 24 Kentucky bluegrass cultivars, accessions (including core collections), and other Poa species. Cultivars generally had a higher percent green cover in spring and fall, while several accessions and old U. S. cultivars showed higher green cover during summer months. Other Poa species did not have percent green cover values above any cultivars and as a group consistently performed the lowest. Core collections of Kentucky bluegrass, aimed at representing overall variability of the species with fewer accessions, had variance estimates equal to or higher than the overall group of accessions. Seven cultivars and accessions consistently had higher percent green cover than the Midnight cultivar check during the August data collection dates, highlighting the potential to improve Kentucky bluegrass green cover over summer seasons under deficit irrigation. C1 [Bushman, B. Shaun; Waldron, Blair L.; Robins, Joseph G.] USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Bhattarai, Kishor; Johnson, Paul G.] Utah State Univ, Plants Soils & Climate Dep, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Bushman, BS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM shaun.bushman@ars.usda.gov NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 12 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 52 IS 1 BP 400 EP 407 DI 10.2135/cropsci2011.06.0342 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 865CY UT WOS:000298289600042 ER PT J AU Toth, M Landolt, P Szarukan, I Szollath, I Vitanyi, I Penzes, B Hari, K Josvai, JK Koczor, S AF Toth, Miklos Landolt, Peter Szarukan, Istvan Szollath, Imre Vitanyi, Imre Penzes, Bela Hari, Katalin Josvai, Julia Katalin Koczor, Sandor TI Female-targeted attractant containing pear ester for Synanthedon myopaeformis SO ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA LA English DT Article DE Cydia pomonella; Lepidoptera; Sesiidae; Tortricidae; female attractant; trapping; acetic acid; apple clearwing moth; codling moth; semiochemical; sex attractant; red-belted clearwing ID CODLING MOTH LEPIDOPTERA; TRAPPING LACANOBIA-SUBJUNCTA; BELTED CLEARWING BORER; XESTIA-C-NIGRUM; APPLE ORCHARDS; MAMESTRA-CONFIGURATA; ACETIC-ACID; TORTRICIDAE; HYMENOPTERA; DISPENSERS AB When testing pear ester (ethyl-2,4-decadienoate) + acetic acid (PEAA) lures to catch codling moths, Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), in Hungary, significant catches of the apple clearwing moth, Synanthedon myopaeformis (Borkhausen) (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae), were also recorded. This sesiid is one of the most important pests of apple in Europe. Pear ester plus acetic acid lures were attractive to S. myopaeformis no matter whether the two compounds were provided in separate dispensers or mixed together in a single dispenser, and a large percentage (4080%) of the clearwing moths caught were females. In all cases, traps baited with binary combinations of PEAA caught far more than traps baited with either of the compounds presented alone. Traps with PEAA lures in some tests caught (females and males together) up to ca. 20% of the catch in traps baited with the synthetic apple clearwing moth sex attractant (all males). Consequently, the PEAA lure shows potential for future practical applications as a female-targeted lure. To our knowledge, this is the first report of attractiveness of a lure containing pear ester for non-tortricid Lepidoptera. Our finding suggests that the compound may be exploited as a host location stimulus by a wider array of insects than was indicated previously. C1 [Toth, Miklos; Josvai, Julia Katalin; Koczor, Sandor] Hungarian Acad Sci, Inst Plant Protect, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary. [Landolt, Peter] ARS, USDA, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. [Szarukan, Istvan; Szollath, Imre; Vitanyi, Imre] Debrecen Univ, Ctr Agr Sci, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary. [Penzes, Bela; Hari, Katalin] Corvinus Univ Budapest, Fac Hort, H-1118 Budapest, Hungary. RP Toth, M (reprint author), Hungarian Acad Sci, Inst Plant Protect, Pf 102, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary. EM h2371tot@ella.hu RI Josvai, Julia Katalin/L-2364-2015 FU OTKA of HAS [K 81494]; [TAMOP-4.2.1/B-09/1/KMR-2010-0005] FX This research was partially supported by OTKA grant K 81494 of HAS and TAMOP-4.2.1/B-09/1/KMR-2010-0005. NR 38 TC 6 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0013-8703 J9 ENTOMOL EXP APPL JI Entomol. Exp. Appl. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 142 IS 1 BP 27 EP 35 DI 10.1111/j.1570-7458.2011.01198.x PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 858JX UT WOS:000297794100003 ER PT J AU Donovan, GH Prestemon, JP AF Donovan, Geoffrey H. Prestemon, Jeffrey P. TI The Effect of Trees on Crime in Portland, Oregon SO ENVIRONMENT AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE crime; trees; urban forestry; Portland; Oregon ID INNER-CITY; FEAR; DISPLACEMENT; PATTERNS AB The authors estimate the relationship between trees and three crime aggregates (all crime, violent crime, and property crime) and two individual crimes (burglary and vandalism) in Portland, Oregon. During the study period (2005-2007), 431 crimes were reported at the 2,813 single-family homes in our sample. In general, the authors find that trees in the public right of way are associated with lower crime rates. The relationship between crime and trees on a house's lot is mixed. Smaller, view-obstructing trees are associated with increased crime, whereas larger trees are associated with reduced crime. The authors speculate that trees may reduce crime by signaling to potential criminals that a house is better cared for and, therefore, subject to more effective authority than a comparable house with fewer trees. C1 [Donovan, Geoffrey H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, PNW Res Stn, Portland, OR 97205 USA. [Prestemon, Jeffrey P.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Donovan, GH (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, PNW Res Stn, 620 SW Main,Suite 400, Portland, OR 97205 USA. EM gdonovan@fs.fed.us NR 40 TC 36 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 16 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0013-9165 J9 ENVIRON BEHAV JI Environ. Behav. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 44 IS 1 BP 3 EP 30 DI 10.1177/0013916510383238 PG 28 WC Environmental Studies; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Psychology GA 870GD UT WOS:000298656300001 ER PT J AU Puckett, EE Serapiglia, MJ DeLeon, AM Long, S Minocha, R Smart, LB AF Puckett, Emily E. Serapiglia, Michelle J. DeLeon, Alyssa M. Long, Stephanie Minocha, Rakesh Smart, Lawrence B. TI Differential expression of genes encoding phosphate transporters contributes to arsenic tolerance and accumulation in shrub willow (Salix spp.) SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY LA English DT Article DE gamma-Glutamylcysteine; Gene expression; Phosphate transporters; Phytochelatins; Phytoremediation ID HOLCUS-LANATUS L; GAMMA-GLUTAMYLCYSTEINE SYNTHETASE; INDUCED PHYTOCHELATINS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; UPTAKE SYSTEM; HIGHER-PLANTS; HYPERACCUMULATION; PHYTOREMEDIATION; SHOOTS; IDENTIFICATION AB Studies of arsenate and phosphate uptake by plants in hydroponic and soil systems indicate a common transport mechanism via the phosphate transporters (PHTs) due to structural similarity of the anions. Typically, the presence of phosphate decreases plant uptake and translocation of arsenate in hydroponic solution. This study quantified arsenic (As) uptake related to the presence of phosphorus in an As-tolerant willow (Salix viminalis x Salix miyabeana) and an As-sensitive willow (Salix eriocephala). Addition of phosphate resulted in greater As accumulation than in treatments without phosphate in both genotypes, although the tolerant genotype accumulated more As than the sensitive one. Expression of genes for two putative high-affinity phosphate transporters, PHT1;3 and PHT1;12, were up-regulated in both willow genotypes upon addition of As, but to a greater extent in the As-sensitive genotype. Expression of a third putative transporter, PHT1;4, was greater in the As-sensitive genotype but was not up-regulated as a result of As addition in either genotype. Leaves of the As-tolerant willow genotype contained greater concentrations of gamma-glutamylcysteine (gamma EC) than the sensitive genotype, although this was not due to differential expression of the gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (gamma ECS) gene. The results suggest that increased expression of PHT1 upon exposure to As in an As-sensitive genotype contributes to rapid toxicity. Our data suggest that although detoxification capacity may be different between genotypes, the differences are not due to up-regulation of gamma ECS or phytochelatin synthase. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Serapiglia, Michelle J.; Smart, Lawrence B.] Cornell Univ, Dept Hort, New York State Agr Expt Stn, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Puckett, Emily E.; Serapiglia, Michelle J.; DeLeon, Alyssa M.; Smart, Lawrence B.] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Dept Environm & Forest Biol, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Long, Stephanie; Minocha, Rakesh] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Smart, LB (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Hort, New York State Agr Expt Stn, 630 West North St, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. EM EEPuckett@mizzou.edu; mjs534@cornell.edu; deleon0@purdue.edu; slong01@fs.fed.us; rminocha@unh.edu; lbs33@cornell.edu OI Smart, Lawrence/0000-0002-7812-7736 NR 53 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 28 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0098-8472 J9 ENVIRON EXP BOT JI Environ. Exp. Bot. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 75 BP 248 EP 257 DI 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2011.07.008 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 874FK UT WOS:000298940600031 ER PT J AU Hinkelman, TM Orrock, JL Loeb, SC AF Hinkelman, Travis M. Orrock, John L. Loeb, Susan C. TI Effect of Downed Woody Debris on Small Mammal Anti-Predator Behavior SO ETHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SOUTHEASTERN PINE FOREST; WHITE-FOOTED MICE; PREDATION RISK; PEROMYSCUS-LEUCOPUS; FORAGING BEHAVIOR; PATCH USE; COTTON MICE; HABITAT; RODENTS; CUES AB Anti-predator behavior can affect prey growth, reproduction, survival, and generate emergent effects in food webs. Small mammals often lower the cost of predation by altering their behavior in response to shrubs, but the importance of other microhabitat features, such as downed woody debris, for anti-predator behavior is unknown. We used giving-up densities to quantify the degree to which downed woody debris alters perceived predation risk by small mammals in southeastern pine forests. We placed 14 foraging trays next to large downed woody debris, shrubs, and in open areas for 12 consecutive nights. Moon illumination, a common indicator of predation risk, led to a similar reduction in small mammal foraging in all three microhabitats (open, downed woody debris, and shrub). Small mammals perceived open microhabitats as riskier than shrub microhabitats, with downed woody debris habitats perceived as being of intermediate risk between shrub and open microhabitats. Despite the presumed benefits of the protective cover of downed woody debris, small mammals may perceive downed woody debris as a relatively risky foraging site in southeastern pine forests where the high diversity and abundance of rodent-eating snakes may provide a primary predatory threat. C1 [Hinkelman, Travis M.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Biol Sci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Orrock, John L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Zool, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Loeb, Susan C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Clemson, SC USA. RP Hinkelman, TM (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Sch Biol Sci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. EM travis.hinkelman@gmail.com FU Department of Energy-Savannah River Operations Office through the USDA Forest Service Savannah River [DE-IA09-00SR22188]; USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station FX Funding was provided by the Department of Energy-Savannah River Operations Office through the USDA Forest Service Savannah River under Interagency Agreement DE-IA09-00SR22188 and the USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station. NR 54 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 41 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0179-1613 J9 ETHOLOGY JI Ethology PD JAN PY 2012 VL 118 IS 1 BP 17 EP 23 DI 10.1111/j.1439-0310.2011.01978.x PG 7 WC Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences; Zoology SC Psychology; Behavioral Sciences; Zoology GA 857PJ UT WOS:000297730700003 ER PT J AU Reid, KF Fielding, RA AF Reid, Kieran F. Fielding, Roger A. TI Skeletal Muscle Power: A Critical Determinant of Physical Functioning in Older Adults SO EXERCISE AND SPORT SCIENCES REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE aging; muscle power; exercise physiology; physical function; mobility-disability ID LEG POWER; NEUROMUSCULAR ACTIVATION; LIMITED ELDERS; MOBILITY; PERFORMANCE; STRENGTH; VELOCITY; WOMEN; MEN; BALANCE AB REID, K.F. and R.A. FIELDING. Skeletal muscle power: a critical determinant of physical functioning in older adults. Exerc. Sport Sci. Rev., Vol. 40, No. 1, pp. 4-12, 2012. Muscle power declines earlier and more precipitously with advancing age compared with muscle strength. Peak muscle power also has emerged as an important predictor of functional limitations in older adults. Our current working hypothesis is focused on examining lower extremity muscle power as a more discriminant variable for understanding the relationships between impairments, functional limitations, and resultant disability with aging. C1 [Reid, Kieran F.; Fielding, Roger A.] Tufts Univ, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Fielding, RA (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM roger.fielding@tufts.edu FU National Institute on Aging [AG18844]; U.S. Department of Agriculture [58-1950-7-707]; Boston Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center [1P30AG031679]; Boston Rehabilitation Outcomes Center; NIH [1R24HD065688-01A1] FX The authors recognize the contributions of many other researchers that could not be cited because of the reference limitations. This research was supported by the National Institute on Aging grant number AG18844 and based on work supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, under agreement No. 58-1950-7-707. Any opinions, findings, conclusion, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. This research also was supported by the Boston Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center (1P30AG031679) and the Boston Rehabilitation Outcomes Center, funded by NIH Infrastructure Grant (1R24HD065688-01A1). NR 35 TC 117 Z9 121 U1 14 U2 37 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0091-6331 J9 EXERC SPORT SCI REV JI Exerc. Sport Sci. Rev. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 40 IS 1 BP 4 EP 12 DI 10.1097/JES.0b013e31823b5f13 PG 9 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 870JK UT WOS:000298665200003 PM 22016147 ER PT J AU Ibekwe, AM Leddy, MB Bold, RM Graves, AK AF Ibekwe, Abasiofiok Mark Leddy, Menu B. Bold, Richard M. Graves, Alexandria K. TI Bacterial community composition in low-flowing river water with different sources of pollutants SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE microbial diversity; watershed; nonpoint source pollutants; terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism; temporal variations; spatial variation ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; FRAGMENT-LENGTH-POLYMORPHISMS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; NORTH-SEA; DIVERSITY; DYNAMICS; GENES; TEMPERATE; PROFILES AB Pollution of water resources is a major risk to human health and water quality throughout the world. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of pollutant sources from agricultural activities, urban runoffs, and runoffs from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) on bacterial communities in a low-flowing river. Bacterial community structure was monitored using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) and 16S rRNA gene clone library. The results were analyzed using nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) and UniFrac, coupled with principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) to compare diversity, abundance, community structure, and specific functional groups of bacteria in surface water affected by nonpoint sources. From all the sampling points, Bacteria were numerically dominated by three phyla the Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Cyanobacteria accounting for the majority of taxa detected. Overall results, using the beta diversity measures UniFrac, coupled with PCoA, showed that bacterial contamination of the low-flowing river was not significantly different between agricultural activities and urban runoff. C1 [Ibekwe, Abasiofiok Mark] ARS, USDA, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Graves, Alexandria K.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Ibekwe, AM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Salin Lab, 450 W Big Springs Rd, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM Mark.Ibekwe@ars.usda.gov FU State Water Resources Control Board; USDA-ARS FX We wish to express our appreciation to Pamela Watt, Greg Woodside, Nira Yamachika, Gary Hackney, and Bill Rice for their technical assistance and generous support during this study. We also thank Ms Phyllis Nash for statistical help. The study was made possible in part by the financial support of State Water Resources Control Board Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Programs Proposition 13. This research was also supported in part by the 206 Manure and Byproduct Utilization Project of the USDA-ARS. Mention of trademark or propriety products in this manuscript does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the USDA and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that may also be suitable. NR 43 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 47 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0168-6496 J9 FEMS MICROBIOL ECOL JI FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 79 IS 1 BP 155 EP 166 DI 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2011.01205.x PG 12 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 865HT UT WOS:000298302600014 PM 22066546 ER PT J AU Riitters, KH Coulston, JW Wickham, JD AF Riitters, Kurt H. Coulston, John W. Wickham, James D. TI Fragmentation of forest communities in the eastern United States SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Sustainability; Edge effects; Intact forest; Indicators ID WILDLAND-URBAN INTERFACE; LAND-COVER DATABASE; MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES; TEMPORAL-CHANGE; LANDSCAPES; HABITAT; ROAD; US; SUSTAINABILITY; INDICATORS AB Forest fragmentation threatens the sustainability of forest communities in the eastern United States. Forest communities exhibiting either a low total area or low percentage of intact forest are subject to relatively higher risk of shifts in stand composition towards edge-adapted and invasive species. Such changes in stand composition could result in local extirpation of communities, homogenization of forest communities at broader spatial scales, and a consequential reduction of the biodiversity values of forestland. To evaluate current conditions, we combined forest inventory data with land cover data to compare 70 forest communities in terms of the amount and ownership of intact (i.e., not fragmented) forest, and the proximate causes (i.e., adjacent land cover) of fragmentation. Only 45% of total forestland area was intact in 4.41-ha neighborhoods, but that varied from 13% to 78% among forest communities. Among 10 community groups, the proximate causes of fragmentation reflected their typical geographic context, and the relative importance of fragmentation by development was higher in mostly-forested neighborhoods than in less-forested neighborhoods. Fragmentation was also higher on privately owned forestland than on public forestland. Because of the regional dominance of only a few forest communities and private land ownership, the total regional area of intact forest was driven more by the total area of those strata than by their fragmentation characteristics. The results provide insight for targeting land management strategies to maintain the diversity and regional distributions of intact forest communities. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Riitters, Kurt H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn,Forestry Sci Lab, Eastern Forest Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Wickham, James D.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Coulston, John W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Knoxville, TN USA. RP Riitters, KH (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn,Forestry Sci Lab, Eastern Forest Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, 3041 Cornwallis Rd, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM kriitters@fs.fed.us NR 48 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 52 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD JAN 1 PY 2012 VL 263 BP 85 EP 93 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2011.09.022 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 868OI UT WOS:000298532200011 ER PT J AU Rush, S Klaus, N Keyes, T Petrick, J Cooper, R AF Rush, Scott Klaus, Nathan Keyes, Tim Petrick, John Cooper, Robert TI Fire severity has mixed benefits to breeding bird species in the southern Appalachians SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Bird communities; Early-succession; Fire effects; Southern Appalachians ID GOLDEN-WINGED WARBLER; EASTERN NORTH-AMERICA; HABITAT USE; FOREST MANAGEMENT; WOOD THRUSHES; OAK FOREST; CONSERVATION; POPULATIONS; REDUCTION; MOUNTAINS AB Fire is frequently applied as a management tool on both public and private lands. However, in some ecosystems there is little information about bird species' responses to these fire programs. In 2004 we measured habitat characteristics and conducted point counts in 12 burned sites and four unburned sites in the Chattahoochee National Forest of northern Georgia. Burns were categorized by severity (low, medium, or high) and time since fire (1-2 or 3-6 years). The basal area of snags, shrub stem density and percent canopy cover were similar among all treatments except high severity. Otherwise, fire severity had limited impacts on measured habitat characteristics. Following fires the densities of early-succession species such as eastern towhee (Pipilo erythropthalmus) and indigo bunting (Passerina cyanea) were greatest in areas of higher fire severity. A ground-nesting species (ovenbird [Seiurus aurocapilla]) was less abundant in burned sites and the density of a shrub nesting species, the hooded warbler (Setophaga citrine) was greatest in areas that received low severity fires. Scarlet tanager (Piranga olivacea), tufted titmouse (Baeolophus bicolor), red-eyed vireo (Vireo olivaceus), black-throated green warbler (Setophaga virens), and black-and-white warbler (Mniotilta varia) had similar densities among all burn severities and showed no relationships with time since fire. Low and medium severity fires provided few benefits for most bird species. When conditions allow for their application, severe fires may be considered as a useful and historically appropriate management tool for some high-priority bird species in the southern Appalachian Mountains. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Rush, Scott] Univ Windsor, Great Lakes Inst Environm Res, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada. [Klaus, Nathan] Georgia Dept Nat Resources, Nongame Conservat Sect, Forsyth, GA 31029 USA. [Keyes, Tim] Georgia Dept Nat Resources, Nongame Conservat Sect, Brunswick, GA 31520 USA. [Petrick, John] US Forest Serv, Gainesville, FL 30501 USA. [Cooper, Robert] Univ Georgia, DB Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Rush, S (reprint author), Univ Windsor, Great Lakes Inst Environm Res, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada. EM srush@uwindsor.ca FU D. B. Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources of the University of Georgia; Nongame Conservation Section of the Georgia Department of Natural Resources; US Forest Service FX We gratefully acknowledge the support of the D. B. Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources of the University of Georgia, and the Nongame Conservation Section of the Georgia Department of Natural Resources, and the US Forest Service. We thank S. Henderson, and J. Wentworth for helping select study sites, D. Gregory and C. Hans for assisting with bird survey work, and M. Hayes for assistance with data entry. NR 50 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 39 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD JAN 1 PY 2012 VL 263 BP 94 EP 100 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2011.09.005 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 868OI UT WOS:000298532200012 ER PT J AU Kashian, DM Corace, RG Shartell, LM Donner, DM Huber, PW AF Kashian, Daniel M. Corace, R. Gregory, III Shartell, Lindsey M. Donner, Deahn M. Huber, Philip W. TI Variability and persistence of post-fire biological legacies in jack pine-dominated ecosystems of northern Lower Michigan SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Tree crown streets; Jack pine; Northern Lower Michigan; Stand-replacing wildfire; Kirtland's warbler; Biological legacies ID KIRTLANDS WARBLER; CROWN FIRES; FOREST; MANAGEMENT; HISTORY; USA; POPULATION; VORTICES; ECOLOGY AB On the dry, flat, jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.)-dominated ecosystems of the northern Lake States and eastern Canada, wildfire behavior often produces narrow, remnant strips of unburned trees that provide heterogeneity on a landscape historically shaped by stand-replacing wildfires. We used landscape metrics to analyze a chronosequence of aerial imagery to examine these "stringers" of mature trees within historical wildfires in northern Lower Michigan. Our major objective was to describe the natural range of variability of stringer patterns and their persistence and change during the fire-free interval. Field studies were then used to examine stringer composition and structural variability. Stringers were found to occur in all fires >1000 ha, in about one-third of wildfires >80 ha, but never in fires <80 ha, likely because of the lack of fire intensity on smaller fires that is necessary for stringers to be formed. Stringers were typically composed of many small, well-aggregated patches that represented 3-14% of the area within the burn perimeter, and stringer formation was relatively independent of pre-fire forest structure or composition. Stringer patterns changed mostly in the first decade after the fire that created them and then stabilized. Major changes that occurred in stringer patterns after this period were most often due to human activities, highlighting their natural persistence through the fire-free interval. The historical persistence and importance of these features also highlights their importance on modern fire-prone landscapes, particularly in northern Lower Michigan where a high proportion of land management is focused on jack pine plantations for breeding habitat for Kirtland's warbler (Dendroica kirtlandii Baird), an endangered species. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kashian, Daniel M.] Wayne State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. [Corace, R. Gregory, III] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Seney, MI 49883 USA. [Shartell, Lindsey M.] Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Donner, Deahn M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Rhinelander, WI 54529 USA. [Huber, Philip W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Mio, MI 48647 USA. RP Kashian, DM (reprint author), Wayne State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Biol Sci Bldg,5047 Gullen Mall, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. EM dkash@wayne.edu FU Joint Fire Sciences Program; Seney National Wildlife Refuge; Seney Natural History Association; Wayne State University FX We wish to thank Brent Stinson (US Department of Agriculture) and Sterling Raehtz (Michigan State University) for their guidance and assistance in obtaining aerial imagery for this project. We also thank Jessica Miesel (Ohio State University) for help in obtaining wildfire databases from the Huron-Manistee National Forests and the Michigan Department of Natural Resources, and to Charles Goebel (Ohio State University) and Wayne Walker (Woods Hole Research Center) for fruitful initial discussions about stringers. Field assistance was provided by Stephanie Brown, Becky Jackson, Jacob Korte, Julia Sosin, and Tony Spencer from Wayne State University; Ellen Comes, Meghan Cornwall, and Andrew DiAllesandro from Seney National Wildlife Refuge; and Paul Nelson from Ohio State University. We thank Mark Vaniman and Laural Tansy of Seney National Wildlife Refuge for logistical support. This study was funded by the Joint Fire Sciences Program with a grant to DMK and RGC, Seney National Wildlife Refuge, the Seney Natural History Association, and Wayne State University. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the US Fish and Wildlife Service or other agencies and institutions. NR 45 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD JAN 1 PY 2012 VL 263 BP 148 EP 158 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2011.09.019 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 868OI UT WOS:000298532200018 ER PT J AU Rambo, TR North, MP AF Rambo, T. R. North, M. P. TI Influence of fuel-reduction forest thinning on growth of an arboreal forage lichen SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Bryoria; Forest microclimate; Forest canopy; Vapor pressure deficit; Sierra Nevada; Northern flying squirrel ID CENTRAL BRITISH-COLUMBIA; SIERRAN MIXED-CONIFER; ALPINE FIR FOREST; CANOPY MICROCLIMATE; ENGELMANN SPRUCE; CALIFORNIA; NEVADA; RETENTION; RADIATION; PATTERN AB Significant differences in microclimate have been found within crowns of dispersed vs. clumped leave trees resulting from fuels reduction treatments in Sierra Nevada mixed-conifer forest. The question remained whether these differences in abiotic conditions might be biologically significant to arboreal epiphyte communities. The objective of our experiment was to assess growth of transplants of a lichen epiphyte, Bryoria fremontii, in relation to differences in within-crown vapor pressure deficits (VPD) among no-thin control, and understory (U-thin) and overstory (O-thin) fuels reduction prescriptions. Transplant annual relative growth ranged from 6.2-11.6%. We expected Bryoria growth would be greatest in trees in intact forest of the control and less in the O-thin after treatment, but there was no statistical difference. The control had the highest VPDs and the least growth before thinning. Bryoria grew best, both before and after thinning, in trees nearest streams and in the U-thin where VPDs were lowest. Classification and regression tree analysis revealed a positive correlation between Bryoria growth and greater basal area (BA) surrounding study trees before thinning, and lower VPDs after thinning. Topographic positions of the study plots confounded within-crown VPDs among treatments and therefore on Bryoria growth. The U-thin plot had a lower topographic position that was more affected by a moisture-influenced riparian microclimate than the more upland control and O-thin plots. However, results consistently suggest that greater BA surrounding trees buffers their within-crown microclimate and favors Bryoria growth. Fuels treatments that thin from below and leave large, live trees in a clumped pattern may foster Bryoria, providing an important food source for the northern flying squirrel and associated arboreal food webs. Stand reconstructions have demonstrated an historical precedent for such a forest spatial pattern. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Rambo, T. R.] Univ Calif Davis, John Muir Inst Environm, Forest Biol Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [North, M. P.] US Forest Serv, USDA, PSW Res Stn, Davis, CA 95618 USA. RP Rambo, TR (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, John Muir Inst Environm, Forest Biol Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM trambo@ucdavis.edu; mpnorth@ucdavis.edu FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency STAR; USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station; UC Davis Public Service FX This study was primarily funded by a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency STAR Graduate Fellowship. Additional funding support for temperature/humidity sensors and other equipment came from the USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station. Further funding for transportation expenses came from the UC Davis Public Service Research Program. The USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station Forestry Sciences Lab in Fresno provided generous use of their facilities. Jiquan Chen of the University of Toledo provided the algorithms and SAS code for calculating vapor pressure deficits. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD JAN 1 PY 2012 VL 263 BP 208 EP 215 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2011.09.036 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 868OI UT WOS:000298532200025 ER PT J AU Reinhart, KO Johnson, D Clay, K AF Reinhart, Kurt O. Johnson, Daniel Clay, Keith TI Effects of trees on their recruits in the southern Appalachians, USA SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Community structure; Recruitment patterns; Forest Inventory and Analysis Database (FIADB); Janzen-Connell Hypothesis; Recruitment dynamics; Distance-dependent mortality ID SHADE-INTOLERANT TREE; TEMPERATE TREE; SUCCESSIONAL STATUS; SEEDLING SURVIVAL; PRUNUS-SEROTINA; SOIL PATHOGENS; GROWTH; FOREST; LIGHT; HERBIVORES AB The negative effect of conspecific trees on seedling recruitment in temperate forests has been well documented at the population level for several common species. In 2007, we estimated the survival of 2210 recently germinated seedlings of nine tree species transplanted near conspecific and heterospecific trees, a surrogate for describing distance-dependent mortality, as part of an experiment with landscape-level replication across eight mixed-deciduous forests in the southern Appalachian Mountains of North Carolina. Forest composition was variable but they had a number of woody species in common. Prior to establishing the field experiment, we used a forest inventory database for the region to classify the recruitment patterns of tree species and formulate predictions for species. The field experiment, conducted as a drought was progressing, revealed that four of the nine species planted had variable survival around conspecifics compared with heterospecifics suggesting variation in distance-dependent mortality. Acer saccharum and Tsuga canadensis both had greater mortality near conspecifics than heterospecifics, while Fagus grandifolia and Prunus serotina showed the opposite pattern. Species classified as having greater recruitment around conspecifics, according to the forest inventory data, suffered greater overall levels of mortality in our field experiment. Possibly because of the progressing drought, none of the four species predicted to be most affected by distance-dependent sources of mortality based on the forest inventory data exhibited the predicted patterns of survival near conspecific vs. heterospecific trees in the field experiment. Furthermore, two of the four species (A. saccharum and T. canadensis) classified as being least affected by conspecific trees actually had greater survival near heterospecifics than conspecifics. Although we identified effects of canopy tree type in four of the nine comparisons, negative effects of conspecific trees were observed for only two (A. saccharum and T. canadensis) of nine species and mostly contradicted predictions based on patterns from forest inventory data. The inconsistency between patterns from the forest inventory data and from experiments indicates that there may be localized, complex interactions that make generalizations about neighbor effects on tree seedling survival difficult. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Reinhart, Kurt O.] USDA ARS, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. [Johnson, Daniel; Clay, Keith] Indiana Univ, Dept Biol, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. RP Reinhart, KO (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. EM kurt.reinhart@ars.usda.gov RI Clay, Keith/C-8730-2012; Reinhart, Kurt/A-6730-2010 FU Highlands Biological Station; National Parks Ecological Research Fellowship; Andrew W. Mellon Foundation FX This research was made possible in part through a grant-in-aid to K.O.R. from Highlands Biological Station and to K.O.R from the National Parks Ecological Research Fellowship Program, a partnership between the National Parks Ecological Research Fellowship Program, funded through a grant from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation helping form a partnership between the National Park Service, the Ecological Society of America and the National Park Foundation. We appreciate Julie Reinhart for assistance in the field, Donald and Rebecca Malcolm for logistical support, Mike Sherrill for advice on database manipulation, Mark West and Matt Rinella for advice on statistics, and Sarah McCarthy Neumann, Scott Mangan, and two anonymous referees for comments on this manuscript. NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD JAN 1 PY 2012 VL 263 BP 268 EP 274 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2011.09.038 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 868OI UT WOS:000298532200031 ER PT J AU Herbst, DB Bogan, MT Roll, SK Safford, HD AF Herbst, David B. Bogan, Michael T. Roll, Sandra K. Safford, Hugh D. TI Effects of livestock exclusion on in-stream habitat and benthic invertebrate assemblages in montane streams SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE benthic macroinvertebrates; Golden Trout Wilderness; livestock grazing; Sierra Nevada; stream restoration ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; RIPARIAN VEGETATION; CHANNEL MORPHOLOGY; ALLUVIAL CHANNELS; MAHOGANY CREEK; SPATIAL SCALES; ECOSYSTEMS; SEDIMENT; NEVADA; COMMUNITIES AB 1. Stream and riparian ecosystems in arid montane areas, like the interior western United States, are often just narrow mesic strands, but support diverse and productive habitats. Meadows along many such streams have long been used for rangeland grazing, and, while impacts to riparian areas are relatively well known, the effect of livestock grazing on aquatic life in streams has received less attention. C1 [Herbst, David B.; Bogan, Michael T.; Roll, Sandra K.] Univ Calif, Sierra Nevada Aquat Res Lab, Mammoth Lakes, CA 93546 USA. [Safford, Hugh D.] US Forest Serv, Vallejo, CA USA. [Safford, Hugh D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Herbst, DB (reprint author), Univ Calif, Sierra Nevada Aquat Res Lab, 1016 Mt Morrison Rd, Mammoth Lakes, CA 93546 USA. EM herbst@lifesci.ucsb.edu FU US Forest Service; California Department of Fish and Game; California Trout FX Funding for this project was provided by the US Forest Service, the California Department of Fish and Game, and California Trout. Our appreciation for clarifying discussions, information and insights from Lisa Sims, Heather Schwartz, and Del Hubbs of the Inyo National Forest. The manuscript has been strengthened by anonymous peer reviews and the editing skills of Richard Johnson. Administrative assistance was provided by Dave Lentz of California Department of Fish and Game. Thanks to Trip Armstrong for field work and habitat data compilation, and to Scott Roberts for assisting with GIS and map preparation. NR 53 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 63 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0046-5070 J9 FRESHWATER BIOL JI Freshw. Biol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 57 IS 1 BP 204 EP 217 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2427.2011.02706.x PG 14 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 854AY UT WOS:000297468100017 ER PT J AU Mejia, LC Rossman, AY Castlebury, LA Yang, ZL White, JF AF Mejia, Luis C. Rossman, Amy Y. Castlebury, Lisa A. Yang, Zhu L. White, James F., Jr. TI Occultocarpon, a new monotypic genus of Gnomoniaceae on Alnus nepalensis from China SO FUNGAL DIVERSITY LA English DT Article DE Ascomycota; Betulaceae; Diaporthales; Gnomoniaceae; Systematics; Yunnan ID HOST-ASSOCIATIONS; DNA-SEQUENCES; DIAPORTHALES; PHYLOGENY; MORPHOLOGY; CRYPTOSPORELLA; SUBUNIT AB Microfungi in the Gnomoniaceae (Diaporthales, Ascomycetes) comprise species commonly reported as pathogens and endophytes on trees and herbaceous hosts primarily from temperate forests of North America, Europe, and Japan. The diversity of Gnomoniaceae in China is poorly known, although several plant families that occur there specifically the Betulaceae are considered important hosts. An exploratory trip to Yunnan, China, resulted in the discovery of several members of the Gnomoniaceae. In this paper a new monotypic genus, Occultocarpon and its species, O. ailaoshanense, are described and illustrated. A phylogeny based on three genes (LSU, rpb2, tef1-alpha) reveals that O. ailaoshanense belongs to the Gnomoniaceae and forms a branch distinct from the currently known genera. Occultocarpon ailaoshanense is characterized by perithecia with thin, central to eccentric necks in groups embedded in a stroma and oblong elliptical-elongated, one-septate ascospores. Occultocarpon ailaoshanense occurs on the bark of branches of Alnus nepalensis (Betulaceae) in Yunnan, China. C1 [Mejia, Luis C.; Rossman, Amy Y.; Castlebury, Lisa A.] ARS, USDA, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Mejia, Luis C.; White, James F., Jr.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Plant Biol & Pathol, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. [Yang, Zhu L.] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Biodivers & Biogeog, Kunming Inst Bot, Kunming 650204, Yunnan Province, Peoples R China. [Mejia, Luis C.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. RP Mejia, LC (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. EM MejiaLC@si.edu FU National Science Foundation [NSF 03-28364]; Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey; Department of Plant Biology and Pathology; Mycological Society of America; Chinese Academy of Sciences FX This work was funded by the National Science Foundation Partnerships for Enhancing Expertise in Taxonomy (NSF 03-28364). Additional funding for field work by LCM was received through Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, from the Spencer Davis Research Award from the Department of Plant Biology and Pathology, and from the Myron Backus Award from the Mycological Society of America. ZLY was supported by the Hundred Talents Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Christian Feuillet kindly provided translations of the diagnoses into Latin. NR 26 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1560-2745 J9 FUNGAL DIVERS JI Fungal Divers. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 52 IS 1 BP 99 EP 105 DI 10.1007/s13225-011-0108-y PG 7 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 861GP UT WOS:000298007700006 ER PT J AU Ziska, LH Beggs, PJ AF Ziska, Lewis H. Beggs, Paul J. TI Anthropogenic climate change and allergen exposure: The role of plant biology SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Climate change; aerobiology; pollen; allergen; allergic rhinitis; asthma; exposure ID RAGWEED AMBROSIA-ARTEMISIIFOLIA; ELEVATED ATMOSPHERIC CO2; DIESEL EXHAUST PARTICLES; BIRCH POLLEN SEASONS; LONG-TERM TRENDS; GRASS-POLLEN; COMMON RAGWEED; AIR-POLLUTION; PUBLIC-HEALTH; GLOBAL CHANGE AB Accumulation of anthropogenic gases, particularly CO(2), is likely to have 2 fundamental effects on plant biology. The first is an indirect effect through Earth's increasing average surface temperatures, with subsequent effects on other aspects of climate, such as rainfall and extreme weather events. The second is a direct effect caused by CO(2)-induced stimulation of photosynthesis and plant growth. Both effects are likely to alter a number of fundamental aspects of plant biology and human health, including aerobiology and allergic diseases, respectively. This review highlights the current and projected effect of increasing CO(2) and climate change in the context of plants and allergen exposure, emphasizing direct effects on plant physiologic parameters (eg, pollen production) and indirect effects (eg, fungal sporulation) related to diverse biotic and abiotic interactions. Overall, the review assumes that future global mitigation efforts will be limited and suggests a number of key research areas that will assist in adapting to the ongoing challenges to public health associated with increased allergen exposure. (J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012; 129: 27-32.) C1 [Ziska, Lewis H.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Beggs, Paul J.] Macquarie Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Geog & Environm, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. RP Ziska, LH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM lewis.ziska@ars.usda.gov RI Osborne, Nicholas/N-4915-2015 OI Osborne, Nicholas/0000-0002-6700-2284 NR 75 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 2 U2 38 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 129 IS 1 BP 27 EP 32 DI 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.10.032 PG 6 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 869XT UT WOS:000298634000004 PM 22104602 ER PT J AU Kao, CC Hsu, JWC Bandi, V Hanania, NA Kheradmand, F Jahoor, F AF Kao, Christina C. Hsu, Jean W. -C. Bandi, Venkata Hanania, Nicola A. Kheradmand, Farrah Jahoor, Farook TI Glucose and pyruvate metabolism in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cachexia; nutrition; glycolysis ID RESTING ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; VASTUS LATERALIS; BODY-COMPOSITION; PROTEIN-TURNOVER; MUSCLE; EXERCISE; COPD; LACTATE; HUMANS AB Kao CC, Hsu JW, Bandi V, Hanania NA, Kheradmand F, Jahoor F. Glucose and pyruvate metabolism in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Appl Physiol 112: 42-47, 2012. First published October 20, 2011; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00599.2011.-The mechanisms leading to weight loss in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are poorly understood but may involve alterations in macronutrient metabolism. Changes in muscle oxidative capacity and lactate production during exercise suggest glucose metabolism may be altered in COPD subjects. The objective of this study was to determine differences in the rates of glucose production and clearance, the rate of glycolysis (pyruvate production), and oxidative and nonoxidative pyruvate disposal in subjects with severe COPD compared with healthy controls. The in vivo rates of glucose production and clearance were measured in 14 stable outpatients with severe COPD (seven with low and seven with preserved body mass indexes) and 7 healthy controls using an intravenous infusion of [(2)H(2)] glucose. Additionally, pyruvate production and oxidative and non-oxidative pyruvate disposal were measured using intravenous infusions of [(13)C] bicarbonate and [(13)C] pyruvate. Endogenous glucose flux and glucose clearance were significantly faster in the combined COPD subjects (P = 0.002 and P < 0.001, respectively). This difference remained significant when COPD subjects were separated by body mass index. Pyruvate flux and oxidation were significantly higher in the combined COPD subjects than controls (P = 0.02 for both), but there was no difference in nonoxidative pyruvate disposal or plasma lactate concentrations between the two groups. In subjects with severe COPD, there are alterations in glucose metabolism leading to increased glucose production and faster glucose metabolism by glycolysis and oxidation compared with controls. However, no difference in glucose conversion to lactate via pyruvate reduction is observed. C1 [Kao, Christina C.; Bandi, Venkata; Hanania, Nicola A.; Kheradmand, Farrah] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Sect Pulm Crit Care & Sleep Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr,USDA ARS, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Kao, Christina C.; Hsu, Jean W. -C.; Jahoor, Farook] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Kao, CC (reprint author), 1100 Bates St,7th Floor, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM ck692121@bcm.tmc.edu FU Chest Foundation; ALTANA Pharma, US; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [HL-082487]; National Institutes of Health [M01-RR-00188]; US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [58-6250-6001] FX This work was supported in part by The Chest Foundation and ALTANA Pharma, US, and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL-082487). Work at the General Clinical Research Center is supported by the National Institutes of Health (M01-RR-00188). This research was also supported with federal funds from the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service under Cooperative Agreement Number 58-6250-6001. NR 31 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 112 IS 1 BP 42 EP 47 DI 10.1152/japplphysiol.00599.2011 PG 6 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 866SR UT WOS:000298403700006 PM 22016370 ER PT J AU Nonnecke, BJ Waters, WR Goff, JP Foote, MR AF Nonnecke, B. J. Waters, W. R. Goff, J. P. Foote, M. R. TI Adaptive immunity in the colostrum-deprived calf: Response to early vaccination with Mycobacterium bovis strain bacille Calmette Guerin and ovalbumin SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE preruminant calf; neonatal vaccination; colostrum deprived; bacille Calmette Guerin vaccination ID NATURAL-KILLER-CELLS; NEONATAL CALVES; MONONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES; IMMUNOLOGICAL RESPONSES; INFECTED MACROPHAGES; ANTIBODY-RESPONSES; MATERNAL ANTIBODY; MEDIATED-IMMUNITY; MILK REPLACER; NEWBORN CALF AB Responses of the newborn calf to vaccination are frequently characterized by marginal antibody (Ab) responses. The present study evaluated effects of colostrum ingestion on the adaptive immune response of the preruminant calf to early vaccination. Colostrum-fed (CF) and colostrum-deprived (CD) calves were vaccinated at 2 d of age with Mycobacterium bovis, Pasteur strain of bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG), and ovalbumin (OVA) to track development of the adaptive immune response during the first 8 wk of life. Dams were also vaccinated with BCG prepartum. At wk 0, serum IgG(1), IgG(2), IgA, and IgM were elevated in CF calves, with IgG(1) predominating. In these calves, IgG(2), IgA, and IgM concentrations decreased with age. The CD calves, in contrast, had very low or undetectable serum immunoglobulin concentrations at wk 0 followed by an age-related increase in IgG(1), IgG(2), and IgM concentrations, suggesting endogenous production of these immunoglobulin classes. Immunoblot and ELISA analyses of Ab response to BCG vaccination indicated that colostrum ingestion was associated with measurable serum anti-mycobacterial Ab in CF calves during the first month postpartum, with substantially lower levels at 7 wk of age. Although mycobacteria-specific Ab was undetectable in CD calves at wk 0, it was present at 4 and 7 wk of age, suggesting that these calves, unlike CF calves, were capable of generating an Ab response to BCG vaccination. Antibody responses of CF and CD calves to vaccination with OVA, an antigen not present in the natural environment of dairy cattle, were of comparable magnitude and characterized by a progressive increase in Ab levels from birth (wk 0) to 7 wk of age. The disparate Ab responses of CF calves to BCG and OVA suggest that maternal antigenic experience or exposure influences Ab responses of the colostrum-fed preruminant calf to early vaccination. Ex vivo, antigen [OVA and M. bovis-derived purified protein derivative (PPDb)]-induced IFN-gamma and nitric oxide responses of blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from CF and CD calves were comparable at wk 0 and wk 7. As expected, responses were very low or nonexistent at wk 0. Responses for all calves were greater at wk 7 than at wk 0, suggesting a colostrum-independent maturation of the cell-mediated immune response capacity of the preruminant calf. The consistently greater proliferative responses of antigen-stimulated T-cell subsets at wk 7 versus wk 0 indicate the development of antigen-specific lymphocyte responses to early vaccination. Total numbers of blood leukocytes as well as numbers of lymphocytes and monocytes were unaffected by colostrum feeding; however, granulocyte numbers were higher in CD than in CF calves at wk 0. Granulocyte numbers decreased and monocyte numbers increased with age in all calves. Within the lymphocyte population, only natural killer (NK(+)) cell percentages were affected by colostrum ingestion, with higher percentages of NK(+) cells in CD calves at wk 0 and wk 7. Antigen-induced proliferation of lymphocyte subsets including IgM(+) cells was unaffected by colostrum ingestion. In conclusion, ingestion of colostrum within hours after birth inhibited the capacity of the calf to produce antigen-specific immunoglobulin (i.e., antibody) in response to vaccination, with little or no effect on cell-mediated immune responses. Although colostrum appeared to block endogenous antibody production, certain B-cell functions were retained. These findings will aid in development of ew vaccination strategies for improving health of the preruminant calf. C1 [Nonnecke, B. J.; Goff, J. P.] USDA Agr Res Serv, Natl Ctr Anim Hlth, Ruminant Dis & Immunol Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Waters, W. R.] USDA Agr Res Serv, Natl Ctr Anim Hlth, Infect Bacterial Dis Cattle Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Foote, M. R.] US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Nonnecke, BJ (reprint author), USDA Agr Res Serv, Natl Ctr Anim Hlth, Ruminant Dis & Immunol Res Unit, 1920 Dayton Rd, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM brian.nonnecke@ars.usda.gov NR 43 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 95 IS 1 BP 221 EP 239 DI 10.3168/jds.2011-4712 PG 19 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 864KV UT WOS:000298239800024 PM 22192201 ER PT J AU Mohammed, R Stevenson, DM Beauchemin, KA Muck, RE Weimer, PJ AF Mohammed, R. Stevenson, D. M. Beauchemin, K. A. Muck, R. E. Weimer, P. J. TI Changes in ruminal bacterial community composition following feeding of alfalfa ensiled with a lactic acid bacterial inoculant SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE rumen; silage inoculant; microbial populations; milk fat depression ID INTERGENIC SPACER ANALYSIS; LACTATING DAIRY-COWS; REAL-TIME PCR; GRASS-SILAGE; RUMEN FLUID; IN-VITRO; PRIMER; CATTLE; CORN; SETS AB Some silage inoculants help to improve silage quality and promote an increase in milk production, possibly through altering the rumen microflora. We hypothesized that rumen bacterial community composition (BCC) would be different in cows fed alfalfa ensiled with the inoculant Lactobacillus plantarum MTD/1 (LP) compared with those fed alfalfa ensiled without the inoculant (Ctrl). Eight ruminally cannulated Holstein cows were allotted to 2 diets (Ctrl or LP) in a double crossover design with four 28-d periods. Diets were formulated to contain (% dry matter basis) 28.0% neutral detergent fiber and 16.2% crude protein, and contained alfalfa silage, 50.9; corn silage, 20.6; high-moisture shelled corn, 21.4; soy hulls, 4.7; plus minerals and vitamins, 2.4. Ruminal digesta were collected just before feeding on 3 consecutive days near the end of each period, and were separated into solid and liquid phases. Microbial DNA was extracted from each phase, amplified by PCR using domain-level bacterial primers, and subjected to automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis. The pH was 4.56 and 4.86 and the lactate-to-acetate ratio 9.8 and 4.4, respectively, for the treated and untreated alfalfa silages. Dry matter intakes and milk production data were not influenced by diets but showed a cow effect. Total volatile fatty acids (mM) tended to be greater for LP compared with Ctrl. Individual volatile fatty acids were not influenced by diets but showed a significant cow effect. Ruminal acetate (mol/100 mol) and acetate-to-propionate ratio were lower and propionate (mol/100 mol) greater for the 2 milk fat-depressed (MFD; <3.2% fat content) cows compared with the other 6 cows. Correspondence analysis of the 265 peaks in the automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis profile across the 188 samples revealed that the first 2 components contributed 7.1 and 3.8% to the total variation in the profile. The ordination points representing the liquid and solid phases clustered separately, indicating that these phases differed in BCC. The analysis of similarity data showed differences between Ctrl and LP. The lactic acid bacterial counts (log(10) cfu/g of wet silage) were 3.94 and 4.53 for the untreated and treated silage, respectively, at ensiling. The relative population size (RPS) of L. plantarum, determined by real-time PCR of 16S rRNA gene copies, was greater in LP compared with Ctrl. The ordination points corresponding to certain individual cows clustered separately, and the most distinctive bacterial communities were those associated with MFD cows. The RPS of Megasphaera elsdenii was greater in 1 of the 2 MFD cows, although mean RPS of M. elsdenii did not differ between the treatments. In addition to the differences in rumen BCC between LP and Ctrl, MFD cows also displayed differences in BCC compared with cows with normal milk fat yield. C1 [Mohammed, R.; Stevenson, D. M.; Muck, R. E.; Weimer, P. J.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Mohammed, R.; Beauchemin, K. A.] Lethbridge Res Ctr, AAFC, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada. RP Muck, RE (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM Richard.Muck@ars.usda.gov FU USDA Agricultural Research Service through CRIS [3655-31000-021-00D] FX This work was supported by the USDA Agricultural Research Service through CRIS project 3655-31000-021-00D. We thank the US Dairy Forage Research Center (USDFRC; Madison, WI) barn crew for assistance with the animal trial and Christine Odt (USDFRC) for technical assistance. NR 26 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 95 IS 1 BP 328 EP 339 DI 10.3168/jds.2011-4492 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 864KV UT WOS:000298239800035 PM 22192212 ER PT J AU Coblentz, WK Bertram, MG AF Coblentz, W. K. Bertram, M. G. TI Effects of a propionic acid-based preservative on storage characteristics, nutritive value, and energy content for alfalfa hays packaged in large round bales SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE alfalfa hay; heat damage; preservative; heating ID SITU DISAPPEARANCE KINETICS; NEUTRAL DETERGENT FIBER; ORCHARDGRASS HAYS; BERMUDAGRASS HAY; MOISTURE-CONTENT; QUALITY CHANGES; DRY-MATTER; DIGESTIBILITY; FORAGES; LOSSES AB During 2009 and 2010, alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) hays from 2 cuttings harvested from the same field site were used to evaluate the effects of a propionic acid-based preservative on the storage characteristics and nutritive value of hays stored as large round bales. A total of 87 large round bales (diameter = 1.5 m) were included in the study; of these, 45 bales served as controls, whereas 42 were treated with a commercial propionic acid-based preservative at mean application rates of 0.5 +/- 0.14 and 0.7 +/- 0.19% of bale weight, expressed on a wet (as is) or dry matter basis, respectively. Initial bale moisture concentrations ranged from 10.2 to 40.4%. Internal bale temperatures were monitored daily during an outdoor storage period, and heating characteristics were summarized for each bale as heating degree days (HDD) >30 degrees C. For acid-treated bales, the regression relationship between HDD and initial bale moisture was best fitted to a quadratic model in which the linear term was dropped to improve fit (Y = 2.02x(2) - 401; R(2) = 0.77); control hays were best fitted to a nonlinear model in which the independent variable was squared [Y = 4,112 - (4,549 x e(-0.000559x*x)); R(2) = 0.77]. Based on these regressions, acid-treated bales accumulated more HDD than control hays when the initial bale moisture was >27.7%; this occurred largely because acid treatment tended to prolong active heating relative to control hays. Linear regressions of recoveries of dry matter on HDD did not differ on the basis of treatment, yielding a common linear relationship of Y = -0.0066x + 96.3 (R(2) = 0.75). Regressions relating changes (post-storage - pre-storage) in concentrations of several nutritional components (neutral detergent fiber, lignin, ash, crude protein, and total digestible nutrients) with HDD for acid-treated hays typically exhibited more inflection points or were higher-ordered polynomial regressions than those of control hays. These more complex responses probably reflected the perturbation of normal heating patterns following acid treatment; however, overall effects on post-storage nutritive value were relatively limited in scope. The potential to improve nutritive value relative to cost for these large round bales was not especially favorable, and hay producers may find that diligence to achieve adequate field desiccation before baling, or use of oxygen-exclusion methods, such as wrapping in plastic, may be better alternatives for preserving moist hays. C1 [Coblentz, W. K.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. [Bertram, M. G.] Univ Wisconsin Marshfield Agr Res Stn, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. RP Coblentz, WK (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. EM wayne.coblentz@ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 95 IS 1 BP 340 EP 352 DI 10.3168/jds.2011-4496 PG 13 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 864KV UT WOS:000298239800036 PM 22192213 ER PT J AU Peterson, SC AF Peterson, Steven C. TI Evaluating corn starch and corn stover biochar as renewable filler in carboxylated styrene-butadiene rubber composites SO JOURNAL OF ELASTOMERS AND PLASTICS LA English DT Article DE particle reinforcement; rheological properties; biochar ID LATEX FILMS; REINFORCEMENT; ELASTOMER AB Corn starch, corn flour, and corn stover biochar were evaluated as potential renewable substitutes for carbon black as filler in rubber composites using carboxylated styrene-butadiene as the rubber matrix. Previous work has shown that starch-based fillers have very good reinforcement properties at the expense of brittleness in the final rubber composite. In an attempt to alleviate this, starch was blended with corn stover biochar; the biochar does not have as good reinforcement properties but makes composites that are less brittle. It was found that carboxylated styrene-butadiene rubber composites filled with 10% (by weight) corn starch or a 3:1 blend of corn starch: biochar had better reinforcement, tensile strength, elongation, and toughness than the corresponding carbon black-filled control sample. These renewable fillers therefore show good potential in replacing carbon black filler for applications utilizing more ductile styrene-butadiene rubber composites. C1 USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 60604 USA. RP Peterson, SC (reprint author), USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 60604 USA. EM Steve.Peterson@ars.usda.gov NR 15 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 18 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0095-2443 J9 J ELASTOM PLAST JI J. Elastomer Plast. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 44 IS 1 BP 43 EP 54 DI 10.1177/0095244311414011 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA 874YH UT WOS:000298993900002 ER PT J AU Armstrong, SD Smith, DR Owens, PR Joern, BC Huang, CH AF Armstrong, Shalamar D. Smith, Douglas R. Owens, Phillip R. Joern, Brad C. Huang, Chi-hau TI The development of alum rates to enhance the remediation of phosphorus in fluvial systems following manure spills SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING LA English DT Article ID DRAINAGE DITCHES; POULTRY LITTER; SEDIMENTS; PHOSPHATE; IMPACTS; RUNOFF; DYNAMICS; WATER AB Following the remediation of animal manure spills that reach surface waters, contaminated streambed sediments are often left in place and become a source for internal phosphorus (P) loading within the stream in subsequent flow. The objective of this study was to develop treatment rates and combinations of alum and CaCO(3) to mitigate P from contaminated sediments of different particle size distributions following a manure spill. Sediment specific alum and CaCO(3) treatment rates were developed based upon the resultant alum treatment ranges established for each sediment type. Clay loam sediments required 54% more alum to mitigate P desorption relative to sediments that contain at least 60% sand. Amending sediments with the highest rates of alum/alum + CaCO(3), resulted in a 98-100% reduction in P desorption and a similar water column pH for all sediments types. Observations from this study demonstrated the effectiveness of alum/alum + CaCO(3) to increase P retention in sediments following a manure spill. C1 [Armstrong, Shalamar D.] Illinois State Univ, Dept Agr, Normal, IL 61790 USA. [Smith, Douglas R.; Huang, Chi-hau] ARS, USDA, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Owens, Phillip R.; Joern, Brad C.] Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Armstrong, SD (reprint author), Illinois State Univ, Dept Agr, Campus Box 5020, Normal, IL 61790 USA. EM sdarmst@ilstu.edu FU Indiana Sea Grant; Alliance for Graduate Education and Professoriate FX The authors would like to express gratitude to the Indiana Sea Grant, and the Alliance for Graduate Education and Professoriate for funding the research. Also, the authors greatly appreciate Taneisha Springfield Jones and Jermy Shulman for their assistance during the execution of the research. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1464-0325 J9 J ENVIRON MONITOR JI J. Environ. Monit. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 14 IS 1 BP 292 EP 298 DI 10.1039/c1em10484e PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 873BM UT WOS:000298855800034 PM 22130453 ER PT J AU Manitchotpisit, P Skory, CD Peterson, SW Price, NPJ Vermillion, KE Leathers, TD AF Manitchotpisit, Pennapa Skory, Christopher D. Peterson, Stephen W. Price, Neil P. J. Vermillion, Karl E. Leathers, Timothy D. TI Poly(beta-L-malic acid) production by diverse phylogenetic clades of Aureobasidium pullulans SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aureobasidium pullulans; Heavy oil; Poly(beta-L-malic acid); Pullulan ID POLY(BETA-MALIC ACID); PHYSARUM-POLYCEPHALUM; INVITRO AB Poly(beta-L-malic acid) (PMA) is a natural biopolyester that has pharmaceutical applications and other potential uses. In this study, we examined PMA production by 56 strains of the fungus Aureobasidium pullulans representing genetically diverse phylogenetic clades. Thirty-six strains were isolated from various locations in Iceland and Thailand. All strains from Iceland belonged to a newly recognized clade 13, while strains from Thailand were distributed among 8 other clades, including a novel clade 14. Thirty of these isolates, along with 26 previously described strains, were examined for PMA production in medium containing 5% glucose. Most strains produced at least 4 g PMA/L, and several strains in clades 9, 11, and 13 made 9-11 g PMA/L. Strains also produced both pullulan and heavy oil, but PMA isolated by differential precipitation in ethanol exhibited up to 72% purity with no more than 12% contamination by pullulan. The molecular weight of PMA from A. pullulans ranged from 5.1 to 7.9 kDa. Results indicate that certain genetic groups of A. pullulans are promising for the production of PMA. C1 [Skory, Christopher D.; Price, Neil P. J.; Leathers, Timothy D.] ARS, Renewable Product Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Peterson, Stephen W.] ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Vermillion, Karl E.] ARS, Crop Bioprotect Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Leathers, TD (reprint author), ARS, Renewable Product Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM tim.leathers@ars.usda.gov FU Research Center of Rangsit University [37/52] FX The authors acknowledge RSU grant number 37/52 from the Research Center of Rangsit University for partial financial support. Appreciation is expressed for the kind assistance provided by Kristina Glenzinski, Melinda Nunnally, and Trina Hartman. Poly(beta-L-malic acid) from P. polycephalum (Mw 30,000) was the kind gift of Dr. Eggehard Holler, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center. NR 24 TC 23 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 16 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1367-5435 J9 J IND MICROBIOL BIOT JI J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 39 IS 1 BP 125 EP 132 DI 10.1007/s10295-011-1007-7 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 871RR UT WOS:000298755900015 PM 21720775 ER PT J AU Hughes, SR Gibbons, WR Bang, SS Pinkelman, R Bischoff, KM Slininger, PJ Qureshi, N Kurtzman, CP Liu, SQ Saha, BC Jackson, JS Cotta, MA Rich, JO Javers, JE AF Hughes, Stephen R. Gibbons, William R. Bang, Sookie S. Pinkelman, Rebecca Bischoff, Kenneth M. Slininger, Patricia J. Qureshi, Nasib Kurtzman, Cletus P. Liu, Siqing Saha, Badal C. Jackson, John S. Cotta, Michael A. Rich, Joseph O. Javers, Jeremy E. TI Random UV-C mutagenesis of Scheffersomyces (formerly Pichia) stipitis NRRL Y-7124 to improve anaerobic growth on lignocellulosic sugars SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Pichia stipitis [Scheffersomyces stipitis]; Cellulosic fuel ethanol; Anaerobic xylose fermentation; Yeast UV mutagenesis ID XYLOSE-FERMENTING YEAST; CELLULOSIC ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; PLASMA-MEMBRANE ATPASE; OPEN READING FRAMES; D-GLUCOSE; FERMENTATION; HYDROLYSATE; STRAINS; TOLERANCE; SEQUENCE AB Scheffersomyces (formerly Pichia) stipitis NRRL Y-7124 was mutagenized using UV-C irradiation to produce yeast strains for anaerobic conversion of lignocellulosic sugars to ethanol. UV-C irradiation potentially produces large numbers of random mutations broadly and uniformly over the whole genome to generate unique strains. Wild-type cultures of S. stipitis NRRL Y-7124 were subjected to UV-C (234 nm) irradiation targeted at approximately 40% cell survival. When surviving cells were selected in sufficient numbers via automated plating strategies and cultured anaerobically on xylose medium for 5 months at 28A degrees C, five novel mutagenized S. stipitis strains were obtained. Variable number tandem repeat analysis revealed that mutations had occurred in the genome, which may have produced genes that allowed the anaerobic utilization of xylose. The mutagenized strains were capable of growing anaerobically on xylose/glucose substrate with higher ethanol production during 250- to 500-h growth than a Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast strain that is the standard for industrial fuel ethanol production. The S. stipitis strains resulting from this intense multigene mutagenesis strategy have potential application in industrial fuel ethanol production from lignocellulosic hydrolysates. C1 [Hughes, Stephen R.; Bischoff, Kenneth M.; Liu, Siqing; Jackson, John S.; Rich, Joseph O.] ARS, Renewable Prod Technol RPT Res Unit, NCAUR, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Gibbons, William R.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Biol & Microbiol, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Bang, Sookie S.; Pinkelman, Rebecca] S Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA. [Slininger, Patricia J.; Qureshi, Nasib; Saha, Badal C.; Cotta, Michael A.] ARS, Bioenergy Res Unit, NCAUR, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Kurtzman, Cletus P.] ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, NCAUR, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Javers, Jeremy E.] ICM Inc, Colwich, KS 67030 USA. RP Hughes, SR (reprint author), ARS, Renewable Prod Technol RPT Res Unit, NCAUR, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Stephen.Hughes@ars.usda.gov NR 42 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 26 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1367-5435 J9 J IND MICROBIOL BIOT JI J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 39 IS 1 BP 163 EP 173 DI 10.1007/s10295-011-1012-x PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 871RR UT WOS:000298755900019 PM 21748309 ER PT J AU Cohnstaedt, LW Caceres, AC Beati, L Munstermann, LE AF Cohnstaedt, Lee W. Caceres, Abraham C. Beati, Lorenza Munstermann, Leonard E. TI The Population Structure of Lutzomyia verrucarum (Diptera: Psycodidae), a Bartonella bacilliformis and Leishmania peruviana Vector in Peru SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Lutzomyia verrucarum; cytochrome b; ND4; Peru; disease vector ID SAND FLIES DIPTERA; CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS; LONGIPALPIS DIPTERA; VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS; GENETIC-VARIABILITY; WHITMANI DIPTERA; SPECIES COMPLEX; PSYCHODIDAE; MITOCHONDRIAL; BRAZIL AB The population genetic structure of Lutzomyia verrucarum (Townsend), a sand fly disease vector of Carrion's disease and cutaneous leishmaniasis in the Peruvian Andes, was characterized by sequencing 653 bp of cytochrome b and 1,125 bp of the NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 genes of its mitochondrial genome. DNA sequence variation within and between valleys was compared in a sample of 220 sand flies from three valleys (Purisima, Huaylas, and Conchucos) and five departments (Amazonas, Cajamarca, Piura, Lima, and Huancavelica). Gene network and phylogenetic analyses indicated a high similarity of haplotypes collected within a single valley (0-0.52% nucleotide divergence). Flies from each valley had unique genotypes not shared with specimens from other valleys or from more distant regions (0.8-3.1% nucleotide divergence). Mountain ranges and geographic distance appear to have impeded migration (N(m) = <0.18) between valleys and separated populations into discrete genetic units. C1 [Cohnstaedt, Lee W.; Caceres, Abraham C.; Beati, Lorenza; Munstermann, Leonard E.] Yale Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Cohnstaedt, LW (reprint author), ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, USDA, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM lee.cohnstaedt@ars.usda.gov FU NIH [R01-AI56254, U19-AI065866, PTG-2T32-AI07404]; Downs Fellowship FX We thank Lynn Jones and Nicolas Patricio for their assistance. Special thanks are given to the Caccone/Powell Lab at Yale University for sequencing assistance and to the Laboratorio de Entomologia del Instituto Nacional de Salud for the Colombian collections. The latter were supported in part by NIH grant R01-AI56254. A Downs Fellowship to LWC funded sand fly collections in Peru. The molecular work was funded by the NIH program grant U19-AI065866 and training grant PTG-2T32-AI07404. NR 44 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 7 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 49 IS 1 BP 77 EP 84 DI 10.1603/ME11013 PG 8 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 873SQ UT WOS:000298903700010 PM 22308774 ER PT J AU Diclaro, JW Cohnstaedt, LW Pereira, RM Allan, SA Koehler, PG AF Diclaro, J. W., II Cohnstaedt, L. W. Pereira, R. M. Allan, S. A. Koehler, P. G. TI Behavioral and Physiological Response of Musca domestica to Colored Visual Targets SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE house fly; color vision; behavior response; electroretinogram; light tunnel assay ID STABLE FLIES DIPTERA; HOUSE-FLIES; MUSCIDAE; VISION; TRAPS; PERFORMANCE; DROSOPHILA; BLUE AB A better understanding of the visual attraction of house flies to colors and patterns is needed to improve fly trap performance. This study combined physiological responses measured with electroretinogram studies of the house fly's compound eyes and ocelli with behavioral attraction of flies to reflective colors and patterns in light tunnel assays. Compound eye and ocellar electroretinogram responses to reflected light were similar, with the largest responses to white and blue followed by yellow, red, green, and black. However, data from light tunnel behavioral assays showed that flies were attracted to white and blue light but were repelled by yellow. The addition of a black line pattern enhanced the attractiveness of blue visual targets, whereas yellow lines decreased attractiveness. Sensory input from the compound eye and the ocellus seems to be integrated to direct fly behavior. There is a direct correlation of house fly attractiveness to visual targets and the intensity of electrophysiological response, except for the yellow targets, which repel flies despite of intense electrophysiological response. C1 [Cohnstaedt, L. W.; Allan, S. A.] USN, Entomol Ctr Excellence, Air Stn, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. [Diclaro, J. W., II; Pereira, R. M.; Koehler, P. G.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Diclaro, J. W., II] USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Mosquito & Fly Res Unit, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Cohnstaedt, LW (reprint author), USN, Entomol Ctr Excellence, Air Stn, POB 43,Bldg 937, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. EM joseph.diclaro@med.navy.mil RI Pereira, Roberto/B-5008-2010 OI Pereira, Roberto/0000-0002-5618-7690 FU Deployed War-Fighter Protection Research Program FX We like to thank Mark Mitola along with the rest of the Urban Entomology Lab staff at the University of Florida, Entomology and Nematology department for their skill and countless hours devoted to these experiments. We would also like to express our appreciation to the Deployed War-Fighter Protection Research Program for financial support and the opportunity to conduct this research and the USDA-ARS Center for Medical Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology in Gainesville, FL, for the use of their equipment. NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 40 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 49 IS 1 BP 94 EP 100 DI 10.1603/ME10257 PG 7 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 873SQ UT WOS:000298903700012 PM 22308776 ER PT J AU Taylor, DB Moon, RD Mark, DR AF Taylor, David B. Moon, Roger D. Mark, Darrell R. TI Economic Impact of Stable Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) on Dairy and Beef Cattle Production SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Stomoxys; production loss; dairy; beef; grazing cattle ID STOMOXYS-CALCITRANS L; BITING FLY CONTROL; EXOTIC FEEDER HEIFERS; AVERAGE DAILY GAINS; MILK-PRODUCTION; WEIGHT-GAIN; EASTERN NEBRASKA; FEEDING SITES; DEVELOPMENTAL SITES; SEASONAL ABUNDANCE AB Stable flies, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.), are among the most damaging arthropod pests of cattle worldwide. The last estimate of their economic impact on United States cattle production was published 20 yr ago and placed losses at $608 million. Subsequently, several studies of effects of stable flies on beef cattle weight gain and feed efficiency have been published, and stable flies have become increasingly recognized as pests of cattle on pasture and range. We analyzed published studies and developed yield-loss functions to relate stable fly infestation levels to cattle productivity, and then estimated the economic impact of stable flies on cattle production in the United States. Four industry sectors were considered: dairy, cow-calf, pastured stockers, and feeder cattle. In studies reporting stable fly infestation levels of individual herds, median annual per animal production losses were estimated to be 139 kg of milk for dairy cows, and 6, 26, and 9 kg body weight for preweanling calves, pastured stockers, and feeder cattle, respectively. The 200,000 stable flies emerging from an average sized winter hay feeding site reduce annual milk production of 50 dairy cows by an estimated 890 kg and weight gain of 50 preweanling calves, stockers, or feeder cattle by 58,680, or 84 kg. In 2009 dollars, the value of these losses would be $254, $132, $1,279, or $154, respectively. Using cattle inventories and average prices for 2005-2009, and median monthly infestation levels, national losses are estimated to be $360 million for dairy cattle, $358 million for cow-calf herds, $1,268 million for pastured cattle, and $226 million for cattle on feed, for a total impact to U.S. cattle industries of $2,211 million per year. Excluded from these estimates are effects of stable flies on feed conversion efficiency, animal breeding success, and effects of infested cattle on pasture and water quality. Additional research on the effects of stable flies on high-production dairy cows and nursing beef calves is needed to increase the reliability of the estimates. C1 [Taylor, David B.] Univ Nebraska, USDA, ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Taylor, David B.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Entomol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Moon, Roger D.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Entomol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Mark, Darrell R.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agr Econ, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Taylor, DB (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA, ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM dave.taylor@ars.usda.gov RI Taylor, David/G-6025-2014 OI Taylor, David/0000-0002-4378-4867 FU Minnesota Agriculture Experiment Station [MN-050] FX We thank Jason Hardegree (USDA-NASS) for his assistance with the cattle inventories. Alberto Broce, John Campbell, Jerome Hogsette, Donald Rutz and other members of the S-1030 multistate research project provided helpful information and suggestions for this study. Dennis Berkebile, Cary Brewer, and Donald Rutz gave us access to their unpublished data on stable fly seasonal infestation levels. This work was done in cooperation with the Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Nebraska, Lincoln and was supported in part by Minnesota Agriculture Experiment Station project MN-050, both as contributors to multistate project S-1030. NR 76 TC 56 Z9 58 U1 3 U2 41 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 49 IS 1 BP 198 EP 209 DI 10.1603/ME10050 PG 12 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 873SQ UT WOS:000298903700025 PM 22308789 ER PT J AU Young, ME Griffin, I Pressman, E McIntyre, AW Cooper, E McNanley, T Harris, ZL Westerman, M O'Brien, KO AF Young, Melissa E. Griffin, Ian Pressman, Eva McIntyre, Allison W. Cooper, Elizabeth McNanley, Thomas Harris, Z. Leah Westerman, Mark O'Brien, Kimberly O. TI Maternal Hepcidin Is Associated with Placental Transfer of Iron Derived from Dietary Heme and Nonheme Sources SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID SUBGROUP C RECEPTOR; FERRITIN CONCENTRATIONS; DIABETIC PREGNANCIES; SERUM HEPCIDIN; ABSORPTION; DEFICIENCY; EXPRESSION; FETAL; ADOLESCENTS; HEMOGLOBIN AB The determinants of placental transport of dietary iron remain largely uncharacterized. The objective of this research was to elucidate determinants of fetal Fe transfer from maternally ingested dietary heme and non-heme Fe. The study was undertaken in 19 pregnant females (16-32 y) who ingested intrinsically labeled Fe-58-heme and a nonheme Fe source ((FeSO4)-Fe-57) during the third trimester of pregnancy. At delivery, maternal and cord blood was obtained to assess neonatal Fe-57 and Fe-58 enrichment as a function of maternal/neonatal Fe status (serum ferritin (SF), transferrin receptor, hemoglobin (Hb), total body Fe, and hepcidin). There was a greater percentage of maternally absorbed Fe-58 tracer present in the neonates compared to the Fe-57 tracer (5.4 +/- 2.4 vs. 4.0 +/- 1.6; P < 0.0001). Net dietary nonheme Fe (mg) and heme Fe (mg) transferred to the fetus were both inversely correlated with measures of maternal serum hepcidin (P = 0.002, r(2) = 0.43; P= 0.004, r(2) = 0.39) and SF (P = 0.0008, r(2) = 0.49; P = 0.003, r(2) = 0.41) and directly associated with neonatal Hb (P= 0.004, r(2) = 0.39; P = 0.008, r(2) = 0.35). The results of this study suggest that during pregnancy there appears to be preferential fetal use of maternally ingested Fe derived from a dietary, animal-based heme source compared to Fe ingested as ferrous sulfate. Maternal serum hepcidin and maternal/neonatal Fe status may play a role in placental uptake of dietary heme and nonheme Fe. J. Nutr. 142: 33-39, 2012. C1 [Young, Melissa E.; O'Brien, Kimberly O.] Cornell Univ, Div Nutr Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Griffin, Ian] Baylor Coll Med, USDA, ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Pressman, Eva; McIntyre, Allison W.; Cooper, Elizabeth; McNanley, Thomas] Univ Rochester, Sch Med, Rochester, NY USA. [Harris, Z. Leah] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. [Westerman, Mark] Intrins Life Sci LLC, La Jolla, CA USA. RP O'Brien, KO (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Div Nutr Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM koo4@cornell.edu FU Cornell University, Division of Nutritional Sciences; USDA National Institutes for Food and Agriculture [2006-07-160]; NIH The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Nutrition [T32DK07158-36]; Intrinsic LifeSciences; General Clinical Research Center [5M01-RR 00044]; National Center for Research Resources (NCRR) FX Supported in part by Cornell University, Division of Nutritional Sciences, the Cornell Agricultural Experiment Station Federal Formula Funds, project no. 2006-07-160 received from the USDA National Institutes for Food and Agriculture, the NIH The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Nutrition Training Grant no. T32DK07158-36, Intrinsic LifeSciences, and by a General Clinical Research Center grant no. 5M01-RR 00044, from the National Center for Research Resources (NCRR). The content is solely responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the USDA, NIDDK, NIH, or NCRR. NR 45 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 EI 1541-6100 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 142 IS 1 BP 33 EP 39 DI 10.3945/jn.111.145961 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 867GR UT WOS:000298443400006 PM 22113871 ER PT J AU Deegan, KL Jones, KM Zuleta, C Ramirez-Zea, M Lildballe, DL Nexo, E Allen, LH AF Deegan, Kathleen L. Jones, Katherine M. Zuleta, Clara Ramirez-Zea, Manuel Lildballe, Dorte L. Nexo, Ebba Allen, Lindsay H. TI Breast Milk Vitamin B-12 Concentrations in Guatemalan Women Are Correlated with Maternal but Not Infant Vitamin B-12 Status at 12 Months Postpartum SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID DEFICIENCY; FOLATE; PREVALENT; SERUM AB In our previous studies, one-third of lactating Guatemalan women, infants, and children had deficient or marginal serum vitamin B-12 concentrations. Relationships among maternal and infant status and breast milk vitamin B-12, however, have not, to our knowledge, been investigated in such populations. Our purpose was to measure breast milk vitamin B-12 in Guatemalan women with a range of serum vitamin B-12 concentrations and explore associations between milk vitamin B-12 concentrations and maternal and infant vitamin B-12 intake and status. Participants were 183 mother-infant pairs breastfeeding at 12 ma postpartum. Exclusion criteria included mother < 17 y, infant < 11.5 or > 12.5 mo, multiple birth, reported health problems in mother or infant, and mother pregnant > 3 mo. Data collected on mothers and infants included anthropometry, serum and breast milk vitamin B-12, and dietary vitamin B-12. Serum vitamin B-12 concentrations indicated deficiency (<150 pmol/L) in 35% of mothers and 27% of infants and marginal status (150-220 pmol/L) in 35% of mothers and 17% of infants. In a multiple regression analysis, breast milk vitamin B-12 concentration was associated)P < 0.05) with both maternal vitamin B-12 intake (r = 0.26) and maternal serum vitamin B-12 (r = 0.30). Controlling for the number of breastfeeds per day and vitamin B-12 intake from complementary foods, infant serum vitamin B-12 was associated with maternal serum vitamin B-12 (r = 0.31; P < 0.001) but not breast milk vitamin B-12, implicating a long-term effect of pregnancy status on infant vitamin B-12 status at 12 mo postpartum. J. Nutr. 142: 112-116, 2012. C1 [Deegan, Kathleen L.] Calif State Univ Sacramento, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA. [Jones, Katherine M.; Allen, Lindsay H.] Univ Calif Davis, Program Int & Community Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Zuleta, Clara; Ramirez-Zea, Manuel] Inst Nutr Cent Amer & Panama, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Lildballe, Dorte L.; Nexo, Ebba] Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Clin Biochem, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark. [Allen, Lindsay H.] ARS, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA USA. RP Deegan, KL (reprint author), Calif State Univ Sacramento, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA. EM kldeegan@csus.edu FU National Cattlemen's Beef Association; USDA/Agricultural Research Service Western Human Nutrition Research Center FX Supported by the National Cattlemen's Beef Association and the USDA/Agricultural Research Service Western Human Nutrition Research Center. NR 18 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 142 IS 1 BP 112 EP 116 DI 10.3945/jn.111.143917 PG 5 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 867GR UT WOS:000298443400017 PM 22131550 ER PT J AU Klish, WJ Karavias, KE White, KS Balch, AJ Fraley, JK Mikhail, C Abrams, SH Terrazas, NL Smith, EO Wong, WW AF Klish, William J. Karavias, Kellie E. White, Katie S. Balch, Angela J. Fraley, J. Kennard Mikhail, Carmen Abrams, Stephanie H. Terrazas, Norma L. Smith, E. O'Brian Wong, William W. TI Multicomponent School-initiated Obesity Intervention in a High-risk, Hispanic Elementary School SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC GASTROENTEROLOGY AND NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE Hispanics; minority; multicomponent intervention; program; school-initiated obesity intervention ID BODY-MASS INDEX; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; US CHILDREN; METAANALYSIS; ADOLESCENTS AB The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of a school-initiated cognitive and behavioral program to reduce childhood obesity. Height, weight, body mass index (BMI), and BMI z scores were obtained at the beginning and end of the school year at an intervention school (n = 1022) and at a control school (n 692). The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 18.9% and 30.4% versus 19% and 30.2%, respectively, in the intervention and control schools. The incidence of overweight increased in the control school, but the incidence of obesity, weight, and BMI z scores increased significantly in the intervention school, suggesting that implementation of any school-based obesity intervention programs requires careful planning to achieve goals. C1 [Klish, William J.; Fraley, J. Kennard; Mikhail, Carmen; Abrams, Stephanie H.; Smith, E. O'Brian; Wong, William W.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Terrazas, Norma L.] Texas Childrens Hosp, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Karavias, Kellie E.; White, Katie S.; Balch, Angela J.] Sylvan Rodriguez Elementary Sch, Houston, TX USA. RP Wong, WW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM wwong@bcm.edu FU Houston Independent School District FX The project was entirely supported by the Houston Independent School District. NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 8 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0277-2116 J9 J PEDIATR GASTR NUTR JI J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 54 IS 1 BP 113 EP 116 DI 10.1097/MPG.0b013e3182318b39 PG 4 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pediatrics SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pediatrics GA 868UG UT WOS:000298550800023 PM 21857252 ER PT J AU Natarajan, SS Xu, CP Garrett, WM Lakshman, D Bae, H AF Natarajan, Savithiry S. Xu, Chenping Garrett, Wesley M. Lakshman, Dilip Bae, Hanhong TI Assessment of the natural variation of low abundant metabolic proteins in soybean seeds using proteomics SO JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Mass spectrometry; Proteomics; Soybean; Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; Low abundant soybean seed protein ID BIOTINYLATED PROTEIN; ACID CONTENT; EMBRYOGENESIS; EXPRESSION; MATURATION; GENOTYPES; WILD; IDENTIFICATION; GERMINATION; TOLERANCE AB Using two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry, we investigated the distribution of the low abundant proteins that are involved in soybean seed development in four wild and 12 cultivated soybean genotypes. We found proteomic variation of low abundant proteins involved in soybean seed metabolism within and between groups. The major proteomic variation among these 16 genotypes was observed in the seed maturation proteins, which consisted of 4-6 protein spots. All genotypes showed 3 spots of sucrose-binding protein except one wild genotype which had 2 spots. Two protein spots were detected for a triacylglycerol (TAG) accumulation factor protein in 13 genotypes, while one spot was detected in one ancestral and one wild genotype, and no spot was detected in one of the wild genotypes. All genotypes showed 3 spots of alcohol dehydrogenase except one Asian landrace and one wild genotype that had only one spot. Minor proteomic variation was detected in 16 genotypes for an elongation factor (EF2) and formate dehydrogenase, with apparent absence of EF2 in one landrace and formate dehydrogenase in another landrace genotype. No differences in the proteomic distribution of dehydrin-like protein, seed biotin-containing protein, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and fructose bisphosphate aldolase were detected. This information will be useful in selecting genotypes for breeding programs, and forms a baseline to which variation in transgenic varieties can be compared. C1 [Natarajan, Savithiry S.] ARS, USDA, PSI, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Natarajan, Savithiry S.] ARS, USDA, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Xu, Chenping] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Plant Biol & Pathol, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. [Garrett, Wesley M.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Lakshman, Dilip] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Bae, Hanhong] Yeungnam Univ, Plant Mol Metab Engn Lab, Sch Biotechnol, Gyongsan, South Korea. RP Natarajan, SS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, PSI, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM savi.natarajan@ars.usda.gov FU ARS [1275-21000-223-00D] FX We thank Dr. J. Slovin for critical review of this manuscript. Funding for this research was provided by ARS project 1275-21000-223-00D. Mention of trade name, proprietary product or vendor does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the U. S. Department of Agriculture or imply its approval to the exclusion of other products or vendors that also may be suitable. NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 18 PU SPRINGER INDIA PI NEW DELHI PA 7TH FLOOR, VIJAYA BUILDING, 17, BARAKHAMBA ROAD, NEW DELHI, 110 001, INDIA SN 0971-7811 J9 J PLANT BIOCHEM BIOT JI J. Plant Biochem. Biotechnol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 21 IS 1 BP 30 EP 37 DI 10.1007/s13562-011-0069-y PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 864HK UT WOS:000298228500005 ER PT J AU Mornhinweg, DW Bregitzer, PP Porter, DR Peairs, FB Baltensperger, DD Hein, GL Randolph, TA Koch, M Walker, T AF Mornhinweg, D. W. Bregitzer, P. P. Porter, D. R. Peairs, F. B. Baltensperger, D. D. Hein, G. L. Randolph, T. A. Koch, M. Walker, T. TI Registration of 'Stoneham' Spring Feed Barley Resistant to Russian Wheat Aphid SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID GERMPLASM; STARS-9301B; STARS-9577B; HOMOPTERA; POPULATIONS; INHERITANCE; HEMIPTERA; DIVERSITY; BIOTYPES; COLORADO AB 'Stoneham' (Reg. No. CV-349, PI 641940), a spring, two-rowed, feed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) that is resistant to the Russian wheat aphid (RWA; Diuraphis noxia Kurdjumov) was developed and released by the USDA-ARS, Stillwater, OK and Aberdeen, ID and the Colorado and Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Stations in 2006. Introduction of the RWA to the United States effectively eliminated spring barley, the preferred alternate crop, from winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) rotations in eastern Colorado and western Nebraska. 'Otis', a spring barley that is well adapted to the high dry plains, is susceptible to RWA. Stoneham, with RWA resistance from STARS 9577B transferred to Otis, outperformed Otis in yield trails at 11 location-years in this marginal production area both in the presence and absence of RWA. A total of eight RWA biotypes (RWA1-RWA8) have been identified in the High Plains based on winter wheat differentials. Both Stoneham and Sidney, the first RWA-resistant, drought-hardy cultivar to be released, are resistant to all eight RWA biotypes. Resistance to RWA is under different genetic control in Stoneham and Sidney. The release of cultivars with different sources of resistance is an attempt to increase the durability of resistance in spring barley against future changes in biotype. C1 [Mornhinweg, D. W.] ARS, USDA, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. [Bregitzer, P. P.] ARS, USDA, Natl Small Grains Germplasm Res Facil, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Porter, D. R.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dep Plant & Soil Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Peairs, F. B.; Randolph, T. A.; Koch, M.; Walker, T.] Colorado State Univ, Dep Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Baltensperger, D. D.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Hein, G. L.] Univ Nebraska, Panhandle Res & Extens Ctr, Scottsbluff, NE 69361 USA. RP Mornhinweg, DW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 1301 N Western, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. EM Do.Mornhinweg@ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 11 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 6 IS 1 BP 1 EP 5 DI 10.3198/jpr2010.09.0550crc PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 863QE UT WOS:000298180400001 ER PT J AU Miklas, PN Riley, R AF Miklas, Phillip N. Riley, Ron TI Registration of 'Krimson' Cranberry Bean SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article AB Cranberry is an important dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) market class grown in the United States and Canada. Beet curly top virus (BCTV) plagues cranberry bean production in the western United States (California, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington). 'Krimson' (Reg. No. CV-300, PI 663911) cranberry bean, released by the USDA-ARS in 2009, was bred for a high level of resistance to BCTV. Krimson possesses the Bct gene, which confers resistance to BCTV, as indicated by presence of the SAS8.1550 sequence characterized amplified region marker, which is tightly linked with the gene. Greenhouse inoculation tests with the NL-3 strain of Bean common mosaic necrosis virus (BCMNV) revealed presence of the I gene, which conditions resistance to Bean common mosaic virus and a hypersensitive response to BCMNV. Intermediate resistance to rust [caused by Uromyces appendiculatus (Pers.:Pers) Unger] will benefit production east of the Continental Divide. Krimson was also bred for wide adaptation and enhanced yield potential, which is evidenced by an average yield of 2487 kg ha(-1) compared with 2310 kg ha(-1) for the check 'Capri' across 21 location-years in the Cooperative Dry Bean Nursery. Maturity (3 d earlier than Capri), seed size (same as Capri), and seed appearance and canning quality traits (slightly less desirable than those of Capri) for Krimson were within the desired range for the cranberry dry bean market class. Krimson is suitable for commercial production across the United States, but with the additional benefit of virus resistance for commercial and seed production in the western United States. C1 [Miklas, Phillip N.] ARS, USDA, Vegetable & Forage Crop Res Unit, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Riley, Ron] Basin Seed Co, Nampa, ID 83686 USA. RP Miklas, PN (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Vegetable & Forage Crop Res Unit, 24106 N Bunn Rd, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. EM phil.miklas@ars.usda.gov NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 6 IS 1 BP 11 EP 14 DI 10.3198/jpr2011.05.0251crc PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 863QE UT WOS:000298180400003 ER PT J AU Solomon, WL Kanter, DG Walker, TW Baird, GE Scheffler, BE Lanford, LS Shaifer, S AF Solomon, Walter L. Kanter, Dwight G. Walker, Timothy W. Baird, George E., III Scheffler, Brian E. Lanford, Leland S. Shaifer, Sanfrid TI Registration of 'Rex' Southern Long-Grain Rice SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article AB 'Rex' (Oryza sativa L.) (Reg. No. CV-136, PI 661111) is a conventional, southern, long-grain rice cultivar developed at the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station, Delta Research and Extension Center, Stoneville, MS, and officially released in February 2010. Rex is a semidwarf cultivar with good straw strength, good standability, and good milling, and it exhibits exceptional and stable yield performance. Rex was tested in Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Texas in a total of 35 environments from 2006 to 2010. Averaged over the 35 replicated trials, Rex had an average grain yield of 10.16 t ha(-1). Its consistency in grain yields across production sites and years can be contributed, in part, to its excellent straw strength as shown by a lodging incidence of less than 1% over the same number of environments. Furthermore, Rex averaged a whole milling yield of 579 g kg(-1) and a total milling yield of 692 g kg-1. While Rex is susceptible to rotten neck blast [caused by Pyricularia grisea (Cooke) Sacc.] and sheath blight disease (caused by Rhizoctonia solani J.G. Kuhn), its level of field tolerance has permitted its overall field performance to match or numerically exceed the performance of other similar susceptible varieties. Rex should be well adapted to the growing conditions found in the southern USA. C1 [Solomon, Walter L.; Kanter, Dwight G.; Walker, Timothy W.; Baird, George E., III; Lanford, Leland S.; Shaifer, Sanfrid] Mississippi State Univ, Delta Res & Extens Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Scheffler, Brian E.] ARS, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Solomon, WL (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Delta Res & Extens Ctr, 82 Stoneville Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. FU Mississippi Rice Promotion Board FX The authors extend their gratitude to the Mississippi Rice Promotion Board for funding this effort. The authors also thank Paxton Fitts, Steve Felston, and Myron Ridley for their dedication and technical support. Mention of a trademark or proprietary product does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that also may be suitable. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 6 IS 1 BP 27 EP 30 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 863QE UT WOS:000298180400007 ER PT J AU Edwards, JT Hunger, RM Smith, EL Horn, GW Chen, MS Yan, L Bai, G Bowden, RL Klatt, AR Rayas-Duarte, P Osburn, RD Giles, KL Kolmer, JA Jin, Y Porter, DR Seabourn, BW Bayles, MB Carver, BF AF Edwards, J. T. Hunger, R. M. Smith, E. L. Horn, G. W. Chen, M. -S. Yan, L. Bai, G. Bowden, R. L. Klatt, A. R. Rayas-Duarte, P. Osburn, R. D. Giles, K. L. Kolmer, J. A. Jin, Y. Porter, D. R. Seabourn, B. W. Bayles, M. B. Carver, B. F. TI 'Duster' Wheat: A Durable, Dual-Purpose Cultivar Adapted to the Southern Great Plains of the USA SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID WINTER-WHEAT; MANAGEMENT-SYSTEMS; RUST RESISTANCE; REGISTRATION; GRAIN; GLUTENIN; QUALITY; POPULATIONS; SUBUNITS; JAGGER AB Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars that gain commercial acceptance in the U. S. southern Great Plains must provide a definitive grain-yield advantage, season-long dependability in dual-purpose management systems, effective resistance to foliar diseases, and tolerance to soil acidity. Our objective was to corroborate each of those strengths in the hard red winter (HRW) wheat cultivar 'Duster' (Reg. No. CV-1065, PI 644016), which was released in 2006 by the Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station and the USDA-ARS to complement `Endurance' (Reg. No. CV-994, PI 639233) with added dough strength and resistance to Wheat spindle streak mosaic. Duster was selected from a double cross, W0405/NE78488//W7469C/TX81V6187, made within the former Pioneer HRW-wheat breeding program. Neither Duster nor its immediate parents are known to have a sib-pair or parent-offspring relationship with cultivars currently grown in the Great Plains. Duster is a descendent of an F(2:3) line identified in Oklahoma in 1991, from which pedigree selection produced two F(13)-derived lines that were composited to constitute breeder seed. The experimental line OK93P656H3299-2C04 was tested in the 2005 and 2006 Southern Regional Performance Nursery, where it ranked first and fifth, respectively, for mean grain yield. Data from the Oklahoma Small Grains Variety Performance Tests were primarily used herein to demonstrate competitiveness for economic traits in a wide array of environmental conditions 5 yr following Duster's release. C1 [Edwards, J. T.; Smith, E. L.; Yan, L.; Klatt, A. R.; Porter, D. R.; Bayles, M. B.; Carver, B. F.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dep Plant & Soil Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Hunger, R. M.; Giles, K. L.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dep Entomol & Plant Pathol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Horn, G. W.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dep Anim Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Chen, M. -S.; Bai, G.; Bowden, R. L.] Kansas State Univ, ARS, USDA, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Rayas-Duarte, P.] Oklahoma State Univ, Food & Agr Prod Ctr, Dep Biochem & Mol Biol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Osburn, R. D.] Oklahoma Crop Improvement Assoc, Stillwater, OK 74074 USA. [Kolmer, J. A.; Jin, Y.] Univ Minnesota, ARS, USDA, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Seabourn, B. W.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Carver, BF (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dep Plant & Soil Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM brett.carver@okstate.edu FU Oklahoma Wheat Commission; Oklahoma Wheat Research Foundation; Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station; Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service; USDACSREES [2010-34198-20812]; USDA-CSREES-NRICAP [2006-55606-16629]; Oklahoma Center of Advanced Science and Technology (OCAST) [PAS07-002] FX Duster was developed and characterized by partial financial support of the Oklahoma Wheat Commission, the Oklahoma Wheat Research Foundation, the Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station, and the Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service. Research at the Wheat Pasture Research Unit near Marshall, OK was supported in part by USDACSREES Special Research Grants from 1997 to 2010, with the final grant numbered 2010-34198-20812. Molecular characterization was supported in part by USDA-CSREES-NRICAP grant No. 2006-55606-16629 and the Oklahoma Center of Advanced Science and Technology (OCAST, PAS07-002). We are grateful for the assistance of Jeff Wright and Margaret Collins (OFSS, Inc.) in breeder seed increase and foundation seed multiplication and maintenance of Duster. Technical assistance of Richard Austin, Tina Johnson, Palgunan Kalyanaraman, Jim Kountz, George Morgan, Brian Olson, Connie Shelton, Kelly Stricklen, W. Craig Siegerist, Wayne Whitmore, and Wayne Wood is specially acknowledged. The HRW wheat breeding program at Pioneer Hi-Bred International, is gratefully acknowledged for development of the F 2 population VBJ0503, from which OK93P656 was selected. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the USDA. NR 44 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 9 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 6 IS 1 BP 37 EP 48 DI 10.3198/jpr2011.04.0195crc PG 12 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 863QE UT WOS:000298180400009 ER PT J AU Baenziger, PS Graybosch, RA Regassa, T Nelson, LA Klein, RN Santra, DK Baltensperger, DD Xu, L Wegulo, SN Jin, Y Kolmer, J Chen, MS Bai, GH AF Baenziger, P. S. Graybosch, R. A. Regassa, T. Nelson, L. A. Klein, R. N. Santra, D. K. Baltensperger, D. D. Xu, L. Wegulo, S. N. Jin, Y. Kolmer, J. Chen, Ming-Shun Bai, Guihua TI Registration of 'NE01481' Hard Red Winter Wheat SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID PUCCINIA-TRITICINA; MOSAIC-VIRUS; RESISTANCE; VIRULENCE; NEBRASKA AB 'NE01481' (Reg. No. CV-1061, PI 659689) hard red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was developed cooperatively by the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station and the USDA-ARS and released in April 2010. NE01481 will be marketed as Husker Genetics brand McGill. In addition to superior agronomic performance, Nebraska wheat growers would like to have increased resistance to Wheat soilborne mosaic virus. NE01481 was selected from the cross NE92458/`Ike' that was made in 1995. The pedigree of NE92458 is OK83201/`Redland' and the pedigree of OK83201, an experimental line developed by Oklahoma State University is `Vona'//`Chisholm'/`Plainsman V'. NE01481 was selected with the bulk-breeding method as an F 3: 4 line in 1999, and in 2001 it was assigned experimental line number NE01481. NE01481 was released because of its superior grain yield in rainfed wheat production systems in southeastern, south central, and southwestern Nebraska and that it is the first modern release from our program with resistance to Wheat soilborne mosaic virus. C1 [Baenziger, P. S.; Graybosch, R. A.; Regassa, T.; Nelson, L. A.; Baltensperger, D. D.; Xu, L.] Univ Nebraska, Dep Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Graybosch, R. A.] Univ Nebraska, ARS, USDA, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Wegulo, S. N.] Univ Nebraska, Dep Plant Pathol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Klein, R. N.] W Cent Res & Ext Ctr, Dep Agron & Hort, N Platte, NE 69101 USA. [Santra, D. K.] Panhandle Res & Extens Ctr, Dep Agron & Hort, Scottsbluff, NE 69361 USA. [Baltensperger, D. D.] Texas A&M Univ, Soil & Crop Sci Dep, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Jin, Y.; Kolmer, J.] Univ Minnesota, ARS, USDA, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Jin, Y.; Kolmer, J.] Univ Minnesota, Dep Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Chen, Ming-Shun; Bai, Guihua] Kansas State Univ, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, ARS, USDA, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Chen, Ming-Shun] Kansas State Univ, Dep Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Bai, Guihua] Kansas State Univ, Dep Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Baenziger, PS (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dep Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM pbaenziger1@unl.edu RI Baenziger, Peter/C-6490-2014; Regassa, Teshome /D-6476-2015; OI Baenziger, Peter/0000-0002-9109-6954; Wegulo, Stephen/0000-0002-4435-6055 FU Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station [NE01481]; Nebraska Wheat Development, Utilization, and Marketing Board; BASF Corporation; Hatch project [NEB22-328]; USDA-IFAFS [2001-04462]; USDA [NRICGP 00-353000-9266, 2004-35300-1470, 59-0790-4-092]; USDA, CSREES NRICAP [2006-55606-16629]; USDA OREI [2007-51300-03785] FX The Nebraska Crop Improvement Association provided technical assistance in describing the cultivar characteristics and accomplishing technology transfer. NE01481 was developed with partial financial support from the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station, the Nebraska Wheat Development, Utilization, and Marketing Board, and BASF Corporation. Partial funding for P.S. Baenziger is from Hatch project NEB22-328, USDA-IFAFS competitive grant 2001-04462; USDA, NRICGP 00-353000-9266 and 2004-35300-1470; USDA, CSREES NRICAP grant number 2006-55606-16629; USDA OREI 2007-51300-03785; and USDA under Agreement No. 59-0790-4-092, which is a cooperative project with the U.S. Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the USDA. This research comprises cooperative investigations of the Nebraska Agric. Res. Div., the Univ. of Nebraska, and the USDA-ARS. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 6 IS 1 BP 49 EP 53 DI 10.3198/jpr2011.02.0101crc PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 863QE UT WOS:000298180400010 ER PT J AU Baenziger, PS Graybosch, RA Regassa, T Nelson, LA Klein, RN Santra, DK Baltensperger, DD Krall, JM Xu, L Wegulo, SN Jin, Y Kolmer, J Chen, MS Bai, GH AF Baenziger, P. S. Graybosch, R. A. Regassa, T. Nelson, L. A. Klein, R. N. Santra, D. K. Baltensperger, D. D. Krall, J. M. Xu, L. Wegulo, S. N. Jin, Y. Kolmer, J. Chen, Ming-Shun Bai, Guihua TI Registration of 'NI04421' Hard Red Winter Wheat SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID CL WHEAT; PUCCINIA-TRITICINA; RESISTANCE; VIRULENCE; NEBRASKA; YIELD AB Water for irrigation is a major constraint in the Great Plains, and it is expected that the proportion of irrigated crop land to grow irrigated wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), which requires less water than other crops, will increase to conserve irrigation water. 'NI04421' (Reg. No. CV-1064, PI 659690) hard red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was developed cooperatively by the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station and the USDA-ARS and released in 2010 by the developing institutions and the Wyoming Agricultural Experiment Station. NI04421 was released primarily for its superior performance under irrigation and rainfed conditions in western Nebraska and eastern Wyoming. NI04421 was selected from the cross NE96644/Wahoo (sib) where the pedigree of NE96644 is '.Odesskaya P'/`Cody'//`Pavon 76'/*3 'Scout 66'. The cross was made in the spring of 1998. NI04421 was selected using a modified bulk-breeding method as an F 3: 4 line (F-3-derived line in the F-4 generation) in 2002, and in 2004 was assigned experimental line number NI04421. After extensive testing, it was released in July 2010. C1 [Baenziger, P. S.; Graybosch, R. A.; Regassa, T.; Nelson, L. A.; Baltensperger, D. D.; Xu, L.] Univ Nebraska, Dep Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Graybosch, R. A.] Univ Nebraska, ARS, USDA, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Wegulo, S. N.] Univ Nebraska, Dep Plant Pathol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Klein, R. N.] W Cent Res & Ext Ctr, Dep Agron & Hort, N Platte, NE 69101 USA. [Santra, D. K.] Panhandle Res & Extens Ctr, Dep Agron & Hort, Scottsbluff, NE 69361 USA. [Baltensperger, D. D.] Texas A&M Univ, Soil & Crop Sci Dep, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Krall, J. M.] Univ Wyoming, Sustainable Agr Res & Ext Ctr, Lingle, WY 82223 USA. [Jin, Y.; Kolmer, J.] Univ Minnesota, ARS, USDA, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Jin, Y.; Kolmer, J.] Univ Minnesota, Dep Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Chen, Ming-Shun; Bai, Guihua] Kansas State Univ, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, ARS, USDA, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Chen, Ming-Shun] Kansas State Univ, Dep Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Bai, Guihua] Kansas State Univ, Dep Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Baenziger, PS (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dep Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM pbaenziger1@unl.edu RI Baenziger, Peter/C-6490-2014; Regassa, Teshome /D-6476-2015; OI Baenziger, Peter/0000-0002-9109-6954; Wegulo, Stephen/0000-0002-4435-6055 FU Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station [NI04421]; BASF Corporation; Nebraska Wheat Development, Utilization, and Marketing Board; Hatch project [NEB-22-328]; USDA-IFAFS [2001-04462]; USDA, NRICGP [00-353000-9266, 2004-35300-1470]; USDA, CSREES NRICAP [2006-55606-16629]; USDA OREI [200751300-03785]; USDA [59-0790-4-092]; U.S. Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative FX The Nebraska Crop Improvement Association provided technical assistance in describing the cultivar characteristics and accomplishing technology transfer. NI04421 was developed with partial financial support from the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station, the Nebraska Wheat Development, Utilization, and Marketing Board, and BASF Corporation. Partial funding for P.S. Baenziger is from Hatch project NEB-22-328; USDA-IFAFS competitive grant 2001-04462; USDA, NRICGP 00-353000-9266, and 2004-35300-1470; USDA, CSREES NRICAP grant number 2006-55606-16629; USDA OREI 200751300-03785; and USDA under Agreement No. 59-0790-4-092 which is a cooperative project with the U.S. Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the USDA. This registration resulted from cooperative investigations of the Nebraska Agric. Res. Div., Univ. of Nebraska, and USDA-ARS. NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 6 IS 1 BP 54 EP 59 DI 10.3198/jpr2011.02.0102crc PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 863QE UT WOS:000298180400011 ER PT J AU Rudd, JC Devkota, RN Fritz, AK Baker, JA Obert, DE Worrall, D Sutton, R Rooney, LW Nelson, LR Weng, YQ Morgan, GD Bean, B Ibrahim, AM Klatt, AR Bowden, RL Graybosch, RA Jin, Y Seabourn, BW AF Rudd, Jackie C. Devkota, Ravindra N. Fritz, Allan K. Baker, Jason A. Obert, Don E. Worrall, David Sutton, Russell Rooney, Lloyd W. Nelson, Lloyd R. Weng, Yiqun Morgan, Gaylon D. Bean, Brent Ibrahim, Amir M. Klatt, Arthur R. Bowden, Robert L. Graybosch, Robert A. Jin, Yue Seabourn, Brad W. TI Registration of 'TAM 401' Wheat SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article AB 'TAM 401' (Reg. No. CV-1056, PI 658500), a hard red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar with the experimental designation TX03M1096, was developed and released by Texas AgriLife Research in 2008. TAM 401 is an F(4)-derived line from the cross 'Mason' (PI 594044)/'Jagger' (PI 593688) made at College Station, TX in the fall of 1997. Mason is a soft red winter wheat cultivar released by AgriPro in 1996, and Jagger is a hard red winter wheat cultivar developed and released by Kansas State University in 1996. TAM 401 is an early maturing, apically awnletted wheat suitable for grain-only, dual-purpose, and graze-out systems. TAM 401 was released primarily for its excellent grain yield potential across a wide range of environments in Texas; good fall and early winter forage potential; resistance to leaf rust (caused by Puccinia triticina Eriks.) and stripe rust (caused by P. striiformis Westend.); and acceptable hard red winter wheat end-use quality. The proposed primary area of adaptation for TAM 401 will be the warmer and more humid areas such as South Texas, the Blacklands, and the Rolling Plains of Texas, where awnletted or apically awnletted hard red winter wheat cultivars with resistance to leaf rust and stripe rust are very limited. C1 [Rudd, Jackie C.; Devkota, Ravindra N.; Baker, Jason A.; Bean, Brent] Texas AgriLife Res & Extens Ctr, Amarillo, TX 79106 USA. [Fritz, Allan K.] Kansas State Univ, Throckmorton Plant Sci Ctr 4012, Dep Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Obert, Don E.] Limagrain Cereal Seeds, Battle Ground, IN 47920 USA. [Worrall, David] AgriPro, Vernon, TX 76385 USA. [Sutton, Russell; Rooney, Lloyd W.; Nelson, Lloyd R.; Morgan, Gaylon D.; Ibrahim, Amir M.] Texas A&M Univ, Dep Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Weng, Yiqun] Univ Wisconsin, Hort Dep, ARS, USDA, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Klatt, Arthur R.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dep Plant & Soil Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Bowden, Robert L.] Kansas State Univ, Throckmorton Plant Sci Ctr 4007, ARS, USDA, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Graybosch, Robert A.] Univ Nebraska, ARS, USDA, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Jin, Yue] Univ Minnesota, ARS, USDA, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Seabourn, Brad W.] ARS, USDA, Hard Winter Wheat Qual Lab, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Rudd, JC (reprint author), Texas AgriLife Res & Extens Ctr, 6500 Amarillo Blvd W, Amarillo, TX 79106 USA. EM JCRudd@ag.tamu.edu FU Texas AgriLife Research; Texas Wheat Producers Board FX TAM 401 was developed with partial funding from Texas AgriLife Research and Texas Wheat Producers Board. NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 6 IS 1 BP 60 EP 65 DI 10.3198/jpr2011.01.0045crc PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 863QE UT WOS:000298180400012 ER PT J AU Chen, J Souza, EJ Guttieri, MJ O'Brien, K Wheeler, J Sorensen, L Clayton, J Chen, XM Goates, BJ Hole, D Brown, BD Marshall, JM Zemetra, R AF Chen, J. Souza, E. J. Guttieri, M. J. O'Brien, K. Wheeler, J. Sorensen, L. Clayton, J. Chen, X. M. Goates, B. J. Hole, D. Brown, B. D. Marshall, J. M. Zemetra, R. TI Registration of 'UI SRG' Wheat SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID PUCCINIA-STRIIFORMIS AB Developing wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars with high yield, desirable end-use quality, and resistance to prevalent diseases are the major goals for the breeding programs in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States and the world. 'UI SRG' (Reg. No. CV-1066, PI 660546) hard red winter wheat was developed by the Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station using a modified backcross breeding procedure. UI SRG was derived from a BC 1 F 7 line from the backcross 'Utah 100'*2/`Boundary' and tested under experimental numbers A971065W-J-4 and IDO656. UI SRG was released in 2010 for its improved resistance to stripe rust (caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend f. sp. tritici) combined with superior yield and resistance to dwarf bunt (caused by Tilletia contraversa Kuhn) and stem rust (caused by P. graminis Pers: Pers. f. sp. tritici Eriks. & E. Henn) (local and TTKS races). UI SRG is best adapted to rainfed production in the intermountain zone of the western United States and is targeted to replace the stripe rust-susceptible cultivar 'Deloris' and the lower-yielding older cultivars Utah 100 and 'Finley'. Milling and baking quality of UI SRG is not significantly different from that of the best-quality check cultivars 'DW' and Deloris. C1 [Chen, J.; O'Brien, K.; Wheeler, J.; Sorensen, L.; Clayton, J.; Marshall, J. M.] Univ Idaho, Aberdeen Res & Extens Ctr, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Souza, E. J.] ARS, USDA, Soft Wheat Qual Lab, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Guttieri, M. J.] Ohio State Univ, Hort & Crop Sci Dep, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Chen, X. M.] Washington State Univ, ARS, USDA, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Goates, B. J.] ARS, USDA, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Hole, D.] Utah State Univ, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Brown, B. D.] Univ Idaho, Parma Res & Extens Ctr, Parma, ID 83660 USA. [Zemetra, R.] Univ Idaho, Dep Plant Soil & Entomol Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. RP Chen, J (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Aberdeen Res & Extens Ctr, 1693 S 2700 W, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. EM jchen@uidaho.edu RI Hole, David/A-7173-2008 OI Hole, David/0000-0003-1325-3181 FU Idaho Wheat Commission; Idaho Agricultural Experimental Station; Hatch Act. FX UI SRG was developed with financial support from the Idaho Wheat Commission, the Idaho Agricultural Experimental Station and the Hatch Act. The authors are grateful to growers Hans Hayden, Lynn Carlquist, Verl Christensen, and Gilbert Hoffmeister for providing technical support and land for trials. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 6 IS 1 BP 66 EP 70 DI 10.3198/jpr2011.06.0318crc PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 863QE UT WOS:000298180400013 ER PT J AU Scully, BT Nagata, RT Cherry, RH Nuessly, GS Trenholm, LE Kenworthy, KE Schwartz, BM Unruh, JB AF Scully, B. T. Nagata, R. T. Cherry, R. H. Nuessly, G. S. Trenholm, L. E. Kenworthy, K. E. Schwartz, B. M. Unruh, J. B. TI Registration of 'Ultimate' Zoysiagrass SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article AB 'Ultimate' (Reg. No. CV-260, PI 652947) zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica Steud.) was developed and approved for release by the Florida Agricultural Experiment Station at the Everglades Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Belle Glade, FL and initially approved for release in 2004. A plant patent was submitted in mid-2005 and is awaiting examination. This zoysiagrass cultivar was selected as an open-pollinated progeny derived from 'Meyer', which was developed and released in 1952. Ultimate was tested in Florida as a breeding line under the experimental designation of BA-189. Ultimate was selected in Florida for improved agronomic and horticultural traits, including reduced seedhead production and a faster rate of crop establishment and ground coverage in southern Florida, along with a finer leaf texture and a darker leaf color. In comparison to the standard cultivar Meyer, Ultimate produced 57% fewer seedheads, and the crop established 30 d faster than Meyer on an approximate annual basis. Ultimate produced leaves that were a darker green and had a deeper color value than those of Meyer. On average, the leaves of Meyer were 29% longer and 34% wider than those of Ultimate. The attenuated leaf morphology of Ultimate conferred the appearance of a more refined canopy structure than Meyer. Ultimate also had a distinct floral morphology from Meyer, and its foliar resistance to the tropical sod webworm (Herpetogramma phaeopteralis Guenee) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) was improved over, but not significantly superior to, that of Meyer. Ultimate was developed to augment the specialty zoysiagrass market in Florida.. C1 [Scully, B. T.] ARS, USDA, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Nagata, R. T.] Univ Hawaii, Komohana Res & Extens Ctr CTAHR, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Cherry, R. H.; Nuessly, G. S.] Univ Florida, Everglades Res & Educ Ctr IFAS, Belle Glade, FL 33430 USA. [Trenholm, L. E.] Univ Florida, Dep Environm Hort, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Kenworthy, K. E.] Univ Florida, IFAS, Dep Agron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Schwartz, B. M.] Univ Georgia, Crop & Soil Sci Dep, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. [Unruh, J. B.] Univ Florida, W Florida REC IFAS, Jay, FL 32583 USA. RP Scully, BT (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, POB 748, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM brian.scully@ars.usda.gov NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 6 IS 1 BP 71 EP 74 DI 10.3198/jpr2011.04.0196crc PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 863QE UT WOS:000298180400014 ER PT J AU Porch, TG Urrea, CA Beaver, JS Valentin, S Pena, PA Smith, JR AF Porch, Timothy G. Urrea, Carlos A. Beaver, James S. Valentin, Suheidy Pena, Pamela A. Smith, James R. TI Registration of TARS-MST1 and SB-DT1 Multiple-Stress-Tolerant Black Bean Germplasm SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID DROUGHT RESISTANCE; BACTERIAL-BLIGHT; COMMON; YIELD AB High-ambient-temperature stress, drought stress, root rot disease, and common bacterial blight [CBB; caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (Smith) Dye] cause widespread yield reductions in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) worldwide. TARS-MST1 (Reg. No. GP-284, PI 661512) and SB-DT1 (Reg. No. GP-283, PI 661970) were developed by the USDA-ARS, the University of Nebraska Agricultural Research Division, and the University of Puerto Rico Agricultural Experiment Station. These black bean lines were selected for tolerance to multiple stresses, including tolerance to high ambient temperature and drought. Specifically, both lines showed significantly higher yields under heat stress compared with the local check and had comparable yields to both heat-and drought-tolerant controls under those stress conditions. TARS-MST1 possesses resistance to CBB, and both lines are tolerant to root rot diseases. They incorporate exotic sources of stress tolerance, thus serving to diversify U. S. common bean germplasm. The lines were characterized for markers related to Bean common mosaic virus and CBB, and both lines carry the I gene, while TARS-MST1 was positive for the presence of two CBB SCAR markers, SU91 and SAP6. The use of this germplasm in breeding programs can serve to improve the yield and stress tolerance of common bean. C1 [Porch, Timothy G.; Valentin, Suheidy] ARS, USDA, TARS, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. [Urrea, Carlos A.] Univ Nebraska, Panhandle Res & Extens Ctr, Scottsbluff, NE 69361 USA. [Beaver, James S.] Univ Puerto Rico, Recinto Univ Mayaguez, Dep Crop & Agroenvironm Sci, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA. [Pena, Pamela A.] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Smith, James R.] ARS, USDA, JWDSRC, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Porch, TG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, TARS, 2200 PA Campos Ave,Suite 201, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. EM timothy.porch@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 6 IS 1 BP 75 EP 80 DI 10.3198/jpr2010.08.0501crg PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 863QE UT WOS:000298180400015 ER PT J AU Beaver, JS Zapata, M Alameda, M Porch, TG Rosas, JC AF Beaver, J. S. Zapata, M. Alameda, M. Porch, T. G. Rosas, J. C. TI Registration of PR0401-259 and PR0650-31 Dry Bean Germplasm Lines SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID BACTERIAL-BLIGHT RESISTANCE; I-GENE; COMMON; MARKER; QTL AB Web blight (WB), caused by Thanatephorus cucumeris (Frank) Donk (anamorph: Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn), is an important disease of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in the humid tropics. Common bacterial blight (CBB), caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (Smith) Vauterin et al., and Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) pose a threat to common bean production throughout the world. The development and release of dry bean cultivars with enhanced levels of resistance to these and other diseases is an important goal of the University of Puerto Rico (UPR) breeding program. PR0401-259 (Reg. No. GP-286, PI 663155) and PR0650-31 (Reg. No. GP-285, PI 663154) are multiple-diseaseresistant bean germplasm lines adapted to the humid tropics and were developed and released cooperatively in 2011 by the UPR Agricultural Experiment Station, the USDA-ARS, and the Escuela Agricola Panamericana in Honduras. PR0401-259 is a pink bean line and PR0650-31 is a black bean line that possess the allele at the I locus that confers resistance to BCMV. Both lines have high levels of resistance to CBB and moderate levels of resistance to WB. PR0401-259 also has the bgm-1 gene for resistance to Bean golden yellow mosaic virus. PR0401-259 and PR0650-31 produced mean seed yields similar to those of the check varieties 'Talamanca' and 'Amadeus 77'. PR0401-259 and PR0650-31 should serve as useful sources of resistance to WB, CBB, and BCMV. C1 [Beaver, J. S.; Zapata, M.; Alameda, M.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dep Crop & Agroenvironm Sci, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA. [Porch, T. G.] ARS, USDA, Trop Agr Res Stn, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. [Rosas, J. C.] Escuela Agr Panamericana, Tegucigalpa, Honduras. RP Beaver, JS (reprint author), Univ Puerto Rico, Dep Crop & Agroenvironm Sci, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA. EM james.beaver@upr.edu NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 6 IS 1 BP 81 EP 84 DI 10.3198/jpr2011.05.0283crg PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 863QE UT WOS:000298180400016 ER PT J AU McCarty, JC Jenkins, JN Wubben, MJ Hayes, RW LaFoe, JM AF McCarty, J. C., Jr. Jenkins, J. N. Wubben, M. J. Hayes, R. W. LaFoe, J. M., III TI Registration of Three Germplasm Lines of Cotton Derived from Gossypium hirsutum L. Accession T2468 with Moderate Resistance to the Reniform Nematode SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article AB Three upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) germplasm lines, MT2468 Ren1 (Reg. No. GP-944, PI 663908), MT2468 Ren2 (Reg. No. GP-945, PI 663909), and MT2468 Ren3 (Reg. No. GP-946, PI 663910), that are moderately resistant to the reniform nematode (Rotylenchulus reniformis Linford and Oliveria) were jointly developed and released by the USDA-ARS and the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station in 2011. The day-neutral germplasm lines originated from the photoperiodic G. hirsutum accession T2468. Resistance to the reniform nematode suppresses reproduction approximately by one-half of that occurring on a susceptible check. The lines exhibit considerable differences for agronomic and fiber traits, and their moderate level of resistance should be valuable to cotton breeding programs. C1 [McCarty, J. C., Jr.; Jenkins, J. N.; Wubben, M. J.; Hayes, R. W.] ARS, USDA, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [LaFoe, J. M., III] Mississippi State Univ, Dep Plant & Soil Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP McCarty, JC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, POB 5367, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM jack.mccarty@ars.usda.gov NR 4 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 6 IS 1 BP 85 EP 87 DI 10.3198/jpr2011.07.0381crg PG 3 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 863QE UT WOS:000298180400017 ER PT J AU Wang, MN Chen, XM Xu, LS Cheng, P Bockelman, HE AF Wang, Meinan Chen, Xianming Xu, Liangsheng Cheng, Peng Bockelman, Harold E. TI Registration of 70 Common Spring Wheat Germplasm Lines Resistant to Stripe Rust SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID ADULT-PLANT RESISTANCE; F-SP TRITICI; PUCCINIA-STRIIFORMIS; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; SEEDLING RESISTANCE; NORTH-AMERICA; GENE-ACTION; CULTIVARS; INHERITANCE; NUMBER AB Seventy common spring wheat (Triticum aestivum subsp. aestivum L.) germplasm lines (Reg. No. GP-873, PI 660056-Reg. No. GP-942, PI 660125) that are resistant to stripe rust (caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) were developed from crosses of 66 common and 4 durum [T. turgidum subsp. durum (Desf.) Husn.] wheat lines originating from 28 countries. Among the new lines, 4 have all-stage resistance that is effective against the currently predominant races in the United States, 11 have high-temperature adult-plant (HTAP) resistance, 13 have effective all-stage resistance and possibly HTAP resistance, and 42 have HTAP resistance and ineffective all-stage resistance. Based on their origins and reactions to stripe rust, the majority of the 70 lines may have different genes for stripe rust resistance. These lines were also selected for their relatively good agronomic traits, such as excellent tillering, plump spikes, lodge resistance, proper height, and early maturity and should be useful in diversifying resistance genes used in breeding programs for developing wheat cultivars with stripe rust resistance. C1 [Wang, Meinan; Chen, Xianming; Xu, Liangsheng; Cheng, Peng] Washington State Univ, Dep Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chen, Xianming] Washington State Univ, ARS, USDA, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Bockelman, Harold E.] ARS, USDA, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. RP Chen, XM (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dep Plant Pathol, POB 646430, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM xianming@wsu.edu RI WANG, Meinan/P-5671-2014 OI WANG, Meinan/0000-0001-9595-3995 FU USDA-ARS [5348-22000014- 00D]; Washington State University [13C-3061-3923, 13C-3061-3925, 13C-3061-7822, 13Z-3061-3824]; Vogel Foundation; Washington Grain Commission; Idaho Wheat Commission; Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agricultural, Human; Natural Resource Sciences, Agricultural Research Center [WNP00823]; Washington State University, Pullman, USA [WA 99164-6430]; [0566] FX This research was supported by USDA-ARS (Project No. 5348-22000014- 00D), Washington State University (Project No. 13C-3061-3923, 13C-3061-3925, 13C-3061-7822, and 13Z-3061-3824), Vogel Foundation, Washington Grain Commission, and Idaho Wheat Commission. PPNS No. 0566, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resource Sciences, Agricultural Research Center, Project Number WNP00823, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6430, USA. The technical support of David Wood, Qiang Li, Jie Zhao, Runsheng Ren, Xinli Zhou, Dr. Anmin Wan and Dr. Kent Evans is gratefully acknowledged. We also thank Drs. Arron Carter and Mike Pumphrey for critical review of the manuscript. NR 18 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 6 IS 1 BP 104 EP 110 DI 10.3198/jpr2011.05.0261crg PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 863QE UT WOS:000298180400021 ER PT J AU Chen, JL Griffey, CA Liu, SY Maroof, MAS Murphy, JP Navarro, RA Sneller, CH Brown-Guedira, GL Souza, EJ AF Chen, Jianli Griffey, Carl A. Liu, Shuyu Maroof, M. A. Saghai Murphy, J. Paul Navarro, Rene A. Sneller, Clay H. Brown-Guedira, Gina. L. Souza, Edward J. TI Registration of Fusarium Head Blight-Resistant Soft Red Winter Wheat Germplasm VA04W-433 and VA04W-474 SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID SCAB RESISTANCE; MARKERS; QTL AB Fusarium head blight [FHB; caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe; telomorph Gibberella zeae (Schwein.) Petch] is one of the major diseases of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the U.S. mid-Atlantic region. The objective of this research was to develop adapted soft red winter (SRW) wheat germplasm having enhanced resistance to FHB for this region. The SRW wheat germplasm lines VA04W-433 (Reg. No. GP-943, PI 657945) and VA04W-474 (Reg. No. GP-944, PI 657946) are two adapted FHB-resistant lines developed by the Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station and released in 2009. VA04W-433 was derived from a three-way cross of 'Ning 7840'/Pioneer brand '2684'//VA96-54-244. VA04W-474 is a doubled haploid line derived from the F 1 of the three-way cross 'Roane'//W14/` Coker 9134' using a wheat-by-maize hybridization method. The resistance was derived from known Chinese resistance sources Ning 7840, in VA04W-433 and, W14, in VA04W-474 and selected through intensive phenotypic screening. The resistance was confirmed with molecular markers on chromosome 3BS and 5AS. Both lines have better grain volume weight, better resistance to deoxynivalenol accumulation caused by FHB infection, and better resistance to leaf rust (caused by Puccinia triticina Eriks.) than the resistant check 'Ernie'. C1 [Griffey, Carl A.; Maroof, M. A. Saghai] Virginia Tech, Dep Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Chen, Jianli] Univ Idaho, Aberdeen Res & Extens Ctr, Dep Plant Soil & Entomol Sci, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Liu, Shuyu] Texas A&M Univ Syst, Texas AgriLife Res & Extens Ctr, Amarillo, TX 79106 USA. [Murphy, J. Paul; Navarro, Rene A.] N Carolina State Univ, Dep Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Sneller, Clay H.] Ohio State Univ, Dep Hort & Crop Sci, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Brown-Guedira, Gina. L.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Genotyping Lab, Plant Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Souza, Edward J.] ARS, USDA, Soft Wheat Qual Lab, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Griffey, CA (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dep Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM cgriffey@vt.edu FU Virginia Small Grain Board; Virginia Agricultural Council; U.S. Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative; USDA [59-0790-4-102, 2006-55606-16629] FX The development of these germplasm lines was supported in part by the Virginia Small Grain Board and the Virginia Agricultural Council. This work was part of a cooperative project with the U.S. Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative and supported by the USDA under Agreement Nos. 59-0790-4-102 and 2006-55606-16629. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the USDA. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 6 IS 1 BP 111 EP 116 DI 10.3198/jpr2011.07.0397crg PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 863QE UT WOS:000298180400022 ER PT J AU Kindiger, B AF Kindiger, Bryan TI Notification of the Release of Annual Ryegrass Genetic Stock IL1 SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID INBRED LINES; TALL FESCUE; REGISTRATION; SELECTION AB Within the Festuca-Lolium genome complex there is a need for the rapid development of improved germplasm resources. Traditional recurrent selection methods for population or synthetic development are labor intensive and time consuming. One objective of our research is to identify novel genetic methods that will enhance traditional breeding methods and facilitate the development of improved Lolium spp. germplasm resources. IL1 (Reg. No. GS-9, PI 660129) is a wide-based, diploid (2n = 2x = 14), early maturing, annual ryegrass [Lolium perenne L. subsp. multiflorum (Lam.) Husnot (syn. Lolium multiflorum Lam.)] genetic stock that has the ability to induce genome or chromosome loss when hybridized with other Lolium species. IL1 was developed from a population segregating for a low level of pollen sterility. IL1 has been identified to produce dihaploid lines following interspecific Lolium x Festuca hybridizations either through chimeral sectors or through rare seed development. The hybrids are capable of producing viable seed via genome loss and a infrequency parthenogenic response. Utilizing these materials with a complementary breeding approach may provide for the development of new and superior Lolium spp. cultivars. The release of this material will be of value to researchers of Lolium spp. breeding programs focused on developing improved germplasm. C1 ARS, USDA, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. RP Kindiger, B (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Grazinglands Res Lab, 7207 W Cheyenne St, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. EM bryan.kindiger@ars.usda.gov OI Kindiger, Bryan/0000-0002-2938-3653 NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 6 IS 1 BP 117 EP 120 DI 10.3198/jpr2011.04.0201crgs PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 863QE UT WOS:000298180400023 ER PT J AU Friebe, B Qi, LL Liu, C Liu, WX Gill, BS AF Friebe, Bernd Qi, Lili Liu, Cheng Liu, Wenxuan Gill, Bikram S. TI Registration of a Hard Red Winter Wheat Genetic Stock Homozygous for ph1b for Facilitating Alien Introgression for Crop Improvement SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID COMMON WHEAT; MARKER AB Wild relatives of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) are important sources of disease and pest resistance that can be exploited in wheat improvement. However, in wheat-alien species hybrids the pairing homeologous gene, Ph1, suppresses the pairing and recombination of wheat and alien chromosomes and no alien genetic transfer can occur. However, in plants nullisomic for the Ph1 gene, and in ph1b mutant stocks, having a large deletion at the Ph1 locus, homeologous wheat and alien chromosomes can pair and recombine. The original ph1b mutant stock is in Chinese Spring background, which has poor agronomic characteristics, and several backcrosses with adapted wheat cultivars are necessary before the agronomic performance of recombinants can be evaluated. The present report describes the transfer and characterization of the ph1b mutant allele into an adapted Kansas winter wheat, which was released as KS12WGGRC55 (TA5092) (Reg. No. GS-170, PI 663870), which will accelerate the evaluation and utilization of wheat alien recombinants in cultivar improvement. C1 [Friebe, Bernd; Gill, Bikram S.] Kansas State Univ, Throckmorton Plant Sci Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Friebe, Bernd; Gill, Bikram S.] Kansas State Univ, Throckmorton Plant Sci Ctr, Dep Plant Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Qi, Lili] ARS, USDA, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Liu, Cheng] Univ Elect Sci & Technol China, Sch Life Sci & Technol, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, Peoples R China. [Liu, Wenxuan] Henan Agr Univ, Coll Life Sci, Lab Cell & Chromosome Engn, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, Peoples R China. RP Friebe, B (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Throckmorton Plant Sci Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM friebe@ksu.edu FU Kansas Wheat Commission; Kansas Crop Improvement Association; USDA-NIFA FX This research was supported by grants from the Kansas Wheat Commission, the Kansas Crop Improvement Association, and a special USDA-NIFA grant to the Wheat Genetic and Genomic Resources Center at Kansas State University. This paper is contribution number 11-337-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, 66506-5502. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 14 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 6 IS 1 BP 121 EP 123 DI 10.3198/jpr2011.05.0273crgs PG 3 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 863QE UT WOS:000298180400024 ER PT J AU Gore, MA Percy, RG Zhang, JF Fang, DD Cantrell, RG AF Gore, Michael A. Percy, Richard G. Zhang, Jinfa Fang, David D. Cantrell, Roy G. TI Registration of the TM-1/NM24016 Cotton Recombinant Inbred Mapping Population SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article AB The TM-1/NM24016 cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) mapping population (Reg. No. MP-1, NSL 477435 MAP) consists of 95 F(5:9) recombinant inbred lines. This cotton mapping population was constructed from a cross between inbred lines TM-1 (PI 662944 MAP), the genetic standard for G. hirsutum, and NM24016 (PI 662945 MAP), an advanced selection with introgressed traits from G. barbadense L. and G. hirsutum. In 2007, the population was released jointly by the Plant Physiology and Genetics Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Maricopa, AZ and New Mexico State Agricultural Experiment Station, Las Cruces, NM. The primary goal was to construct a mapping population segregating for attributes introgressed from G. barbadense into a G. hirsutum germplasm background. The TM-1/NM24016 population was genotyped with 392 simple sequence repeat markers. A wide range of phenotypic diversity among individuals was observed for fiber and agronomic traits, with transgressive variation for the majority of fiber traits. The registration of this recombinant inbred mapping population provides geneticists and breeders with an opportunity to explore the genetic basis of transgressive variation in cotton and exploit potentially novel allelic combinations for the genetic improvement of fiber quality and other traits in G. hirsutum. C1 [Gore, Michael A.] ARS, USDA, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Plant Physiol & Genet Res Unit, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [Percy, Richard G.] ARS, USDA, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, Crop Germplasm Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Zhang, Jinfa] New Mexico State Univ, Dep Plant & Environm Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Fang, David D.] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, Cotton Fiber Biosci Res Unit, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Cantrell, Roy G.] Monsanto Co, St Louis, MO 63167 USA. RP Gore, MA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Plant Physiol & Genet Res Unit, 21881 N Cardon Ln, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. EM Michael.Gore@ars.usda.gov; Richard.Percy@ars.usda.gov OI fang, david/0000-0003-0036-5459 FU USDA-ARS; Cotton Incorporated FX We thank past members of the Percy and Zhang laboratories for their assistance in phenotypic data collection and members of the Gore and Fang laboratories for DNA isolation and SSR genotyping. In addition, we thank Drs. Jeff White and Michael Salvucci for their insights and critical review of the manuscript. This work was supported by the USDA-ARS and Cotton Incorporated. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 14 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 6 IS 1 BP 124 EP 127 DI 10.3198/jpr2011.06.0334crmp PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 863QE UT WOS:000298180400025 ER PT J AU Pinson, SRM Liu, GJ Jia, MH Jia, YL Fjellstrom, RG Sharma, A Wang, YG Tabien, RE Li, ZK AF Pinson, Shannon R. M. Liu, Guangjie Jia, Melissa H. Jia, Yulin Fjellstrom, Robert G. Sharma, Arun Wang, Yueguang Tabien, Rodante E. Li, Zhikang TI Registration of a Rice Gene-Mapping Population Consisting of 'TeQing'-into-'Lemont' Backcross Introgression Lines SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID ORYZA-SATIVA L.; MARKER-ASSISTED SELECTION; SHEATH BLIGHT RESISTANCE; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; FRUIT-QUALITY TRAITS; FIELD-RESISTANCE; HEADING DATE; QTLS; EPISTASIS; TOMATO AB A new rice (Oryza sativa L.) mapping population consisting of 123 'TeQing'-into-'Lemont' backcross introgression lines (TILs) (Reg. No. MP-5, NSL 477436 MAP) was developed by the USDA-ARS Rice Research Unit at the Texas A&M University System AgriLife Research and Extension Center at Beaumont, TX, in cooperation with the Texas AgriLife Research and Extension Center, the USDA-ARS Dale Bumpers National Rice Research Center, the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station, and the International Rice Research Institute. One of the most studied and phenotypically characterized rice mapping populations available today is a set of 280 Lemont x TeQing recombinant inbred lines, which has been used by various groups to molecularly map more than 250 agronomically important loci. The current set of 123 TILs containing molecularly tagged portions of the indica TeQing genome now introgressed into the genetic background of Lemont, a U. S. tropical japonica rice cultivar, was developed to support efforts to fine map and further evaluate the previously mapped TeQing loci for their breeding value within a tropical japonica rice breeding program. The utility of the TILs was documented by verifying previously reported qualitative trait loci (QTLs) for Lemont and TeQing heading time. As a set of molecularly characterized chromosome-segment substitution lines, the TILs are useful for QTL verification, de novo mapping, and evaluation of the agronomic value of indica loci to a tropical japonica rice breeding program. C1 [Pinson, Shannon R. M.] ARS, USDA, Rice Res Unit, Beaumont, TX 77713 USA. [Liu, Guangjie; Wang, Yueguang; Tabien, Rodante E.] Texas AgriLife Res & Extens Ctr, Beaumont, TX USA. [Jia, Melissa H.; Jia, Yulin; Fjellstrom, Robert G.] ARS, USDA, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Sharma, Arun] Texas A&M Univ, Inst Plant Genom & Biotechnol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Li, Zhikang] IRRI, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. [Li, Zhikang] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Crop Sci, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. RP Pinson, SRM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Rice Res Unit, 1509 Aggie Dr, Beaumont, TX 77713 USA. EM shannon.pinson@ars.usda.gov FU Rockefeller Foundation [2005 FS 029]; USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service-National Research Initiative (USDA/CSREES) [204-35317-14867] FX The initial backcrossing effort conducted at IRRI was partially funded by the Rockefeller Foundation, grant 2005 FS 029. The molecular characterization of the TILs was supported in part by the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service-National Research Initiative-Applied Plant Genomics Program entitled "Rice-CAP: A coordinated research, education, and extension project for the application of genomic discoveries to improve rice in the United States" (USDA/CSREES grant 204-35317-14867). NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 6 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 6 IS 1 BP 128 EP 135 DI 10.3198/jpr2011.02.0066crmp PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 863QE UT WOS:000298180400026 ER PT J AU Todd, JE Winters, P Stecklov, G AF Todd, Jessica E. Winters, Paul Stecklov, Guy TI Evaluating the impact of conditional cash transfer programs on fertility: the case of the Red de Proteccin Social in Nicaragua SO JOURNAL OF POPULATION ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Fertility; Conditional cash transfer programs; Hazard model ID ECONOMIC FRAMEWORK; FAMILY LIMITATION; LATIN-AMERICA; CHILD HEALTH; BIRTHS; TRANSITION; EXPERIENCE; COUNTRIES; BEHAVIOR; MOTHERS AB Evaluating the impact of poverty-reduction programs on fertility is complicated given that changes in incentives to have children take time to be incorporated into decision making and evaluation periods are usually quite brief. We explore the use of birth spacing as a short-run indicator of the impact of poverty-reduction programs on fertility. The data come from a Nicaraguan conditional cash transfer program that offers incentives for poor households to invest in children's health, nutrition, and education. We estimate a stratified Cox proportional hazard model and find that the program decreased the hazard of a birth, indicating an increase in birth spacing. C1 [Todd, Jessica E.] USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20036 USA. [Winters, Paul] American Univ, Dept Econ, Washington, DC 20016 USA. [Stecklov, Guy] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Dept Sociol & Anthropol, IL-91905 Jerusalem, Israel. RP Todd, JE (reprint author), USDA, Econ Res Serv, 1800 M St NW, Washington, DC 20036 USA. EM jtodd@ers.usda.gov NR 51 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0933-1433 J9 J POPUL ECON JI J. Popul. Econ. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 25 IS 1 BP 267 EP 290 DI 10.1007/s00148-010-0337-5 PG 24 WC Demography; Economics SC Demography; Business & Economics GA 865SP UT WOS:000298330900011 ER PT J AU Brown, EM Latona, RJ Taylor, MM Garcia, RA AF Brown, Eleanor M. Latona, Renee J. Taylor, Maryann M. Garcia, Rafael A. TI EFFECTS OF PRETANNING PROCESSES ON BOVINE HIDE COLLAGEN STRUCTURE SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID THERMAL-STABILITY; I COLLAGEN; LEATHER AB The US meat industry currently produces approximately 35 million cattle hides annually as its most valuable coproduct. These hides serve as raw material, first for the leather industry, and then for the gelatin, and biomaterials industries. The conversion of animal hides into leather is a multistep process that has evolved more as art form than as science. Economic or environmental issues typically dictate changes in beamhouse processes that prepare the hide for tanning. The tanner evaluates these changes, in terms of impact on tannery costs and quality of leather produced. Thus far, the effects of beamhouse processes on the molecular characteristics of collagen have received little attention. The basis for tanning and most biomaterials applications is the stabilization of the collagen matrix, thus any changes to the molecular characteristics of hide collagen may be expected to impact these applications. This study showed that while the effects of different dehairing processes on the structure and stability of monomeric collagen were similar, the effects on the collagen fiber structure were distinct. These results are anticipated to assist the tanner as well as the manufactures of collagen-based biomaterials and gelatin to better understand their substrate and changes to it that may occur when beamhouse processes are altered. C1 [Brown, Eleanor M.; Latona, Renee J.; Taylor, Maryann M.; Garcia, Rafael A.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Brown, EM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM eleanor.brown@ars.usda.gov RI Garcia, Rafael/D-2796-2009 OI Garcia, Rafael/0000-0002-5452-3929 NR 18 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOC PI LUBBOCK PA 1314 50 ST, STE 103, LUBBOCK, TX 79412 USA SN 0002-9726 J9 J AM LEATHER CHEM AS JI J. Am. Leather Chem. Assoc. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 107 IS 1 BP 1 EP 7 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Materials Science, Textiles SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 874EC UT WOS:000298937200001 ER PT J AU Sanderlin, JS Lazar, N Conroy, MJ Reeves, J AF Sanderlin, Jamie S. Lazar, Nicole Conroy, Michael J. Reeves, Jaxk TI Cost-efficient selection of a marker panel in genetic studies SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE abundance estimation; black bear; cost-efficient; genotyping error; Georgia; optimal marker panel; parentage; population assignment; Ursus americanus ID INCORPORATING GENOTYPING ERROR; POPULATION-SIZE; INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT; MICROSATELLITE LOCI; NULL ALLELES; DNA; RECAPTURE; SAMPLES; FREQUENCY; EXCLUSION AB Genetic techniques are frequently used to sample and monitor wildlife populations. The goal of these studies is to maximize the ability to distinguish individuals for various genetic inference applications, a process which is often complicated by genotyping error. However, wildlife studies usually have fixed budgets, which limit the number of genetic markers available for inclusion in a study marker panel. Prior to our study, a formal algorithm for selecting a marker panel that included genotyping error, laboratory costs, and ability to distinguish individuals did not exist. We developed a constrained nonlinear programming optimization algorithm to determine the optimal number of markers for a marker panel, initially applied to a pilot study designed to estimate black bear abundance in central Georgia. We extend the algorithm to other genetic applications (e.g., parentage or population assignment) and incorporate possible null alleles. Our algorithm can be used in wildlife pilot studies to assess the feasibility of genetic sampling for multiple genetic inference applications. (C) 2011 The Wildlife Society. C1 [Sanderlin, Jamie S.; Lazar, Nicole; Reeves, Jaxk] Univ Georgia, Dept Stat, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Sanderlin, Jamie S.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Sanderlin, JS (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 2500 S Pine Knoll Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. EM jamie.sanderlin@gmail.com FU Georgia Department of Natural Resources [1434-02HQRU1551]; International Bear Association Research Conservation; John Sheldon Bevins Memorial Foundation; Georgia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; U.S. Geological Survey; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; University of Georgia; Georgia Department of Natural Resources; Wildlife Management Institute; Daniel B. Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources; McIntire-Stennis project [GEO-0100-MS, GEO-0136-MS] FX This research was supported by: Georgia Department of Natural Resources (cooperative agreement number: 1434-02HQRU1551); International Bear Association Research & Conservation grant and the John Sheldon Bevins Memorial Foundation; Georgia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, jointly sponsored by U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, University of Georgia, Georgia Department of Natural Resources, and the Wildlife Management Institute; Daniel B. Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources; and McIntire-Stennis project GEO-0100-MS and GEO-0136-MS. This work was performed with the support of the Georgia Genomics Facility at the University of Georgia. C. J. Nairn, J. P. Carroll, and B. Faircloth contributed to efforts in the genetics laboratory. Use of trade names does not imply U. S. Government endorsement of commercial products. We also thank E. Latch and 2 anonymous reviewers for comments on earlier manuscript versions. NR 44 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 76 IS 1 BP 88 EP 94 DI 10.1002/jwmg.241 PG 7 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 869GQ UT WOS:000298586200011 ER PT J AU Lawrence, AB Escobedo, FJ Staudhammer, CL Zipperer, W AF Lawrence, Alicia B. Escobedo, Francisco J. Staudhammer, Christina L. Zipperer, Wayne TI Analyzing growth and mortality in a subtropical urban forest ecosystem SO LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING LA English DT Article DE Tree growth model; Tree mortality model; Urban soils; Urban forest structure ID SOILS AB Information on urban tree growth, mortality and in-growth is currently being used to estimate urban forest structure changes and ecosystem services such as carbon sequestration. This study reports on tree diameter growth and mortality in 65 plots distributed among four land use categories, which were established in 2005/2006 in Gainesville, Florida, USA and were re-measured in 2009. Models for mortality and in-growth models were developed by grouping species into hardwoods and softwoods. Annual change in tree diameter at breast height growth was analyzed using three tree species groups based on potential height and longevity. Additionally, the four most common tree species in the study area were modeled to explore factors affecting tree growth. The average annual mortality rate in the city was 9.97%. Trees located in Institutional land use/land cover (LULC) had the highest annual mortality rate (19.2%/yr), and commercial had the lowest (3.1%/yr). Overall, growth rates for the study area (0.70 cm/yr) and residential LULC (0.80 cm/yr) were comparable to other studies. Growth rates for trees in forested areas were higher (0.56 cm/yr) than those previously reported. Individual species-level growth rates such as those for Juniperus virginiana (1.24 cm/yr) and Quercus virginiana (1.08 cm/yr) were different than other species values reported in other studies. Maintenance activities, site conditions, soil properties, tree characteristics, and LULC significantly influenced urban tree growth, mortality, and in-growth. Results can be used to better understand urban forest ecosystem structure and services in medium sized, subtropical cities and to make better decisions regarding planting and maintenance strategies. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Staudhammer, Christina L.] Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Lawrence, Alicia B.; Escobedo, Francisco J.; Staudhammer, Christina L.] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Zipperer, Wayne] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Staudhammer, CL (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, POB 870344, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. EM bowen979@ufl.edu; fescobed@ufl.edu; cstaudhammer@ua.edu; wzipperer@fs.fed.us RI Escobedo, Francisco/N-9526-2013; Escobedo, Francisco /H-1286-2016 OI Escobedo, Francisco /0000-0002-9272-5046 FU Florida Agricultural Experiment Station; USDA Forest Service Centers for Urban and Interface Forestry FX We gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Florida Agricultural Experiment Station and USDA Forest Service Centers for Urban and Interface Forestry. We would also like to thank Dawn Henderson, Sebastian Varela, and especially Cynnamon Dobbs for their assistance with field work. NR 44 TC 18 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-2046 J9 LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN JI Landsc. Urban Plan. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 104 IS 1 BP 85 EP 94 DI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2011.10.004 PG 10 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Urban Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography; Urban Studies GA 871AA UT WOS:000298708800010 ER PT J AU Butte, NF Ekelund, U Westerterp, KR AF Butte, Nancy F. Ekelund, Ulf Westerterp, Klaas R. TI Assessing Physical Activity Using Wearable Monitors: Measures of Physical Activity SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Article DE PEDOMETERS; LOAD TRANSDUCERS; ACCELEROMETERS; HR MONITORS; MULTIPLE SENSORS ID ACTIVITY ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; MOTION SENSOR TECHNIQUE; HEART-RATE; ACCELEROMETER DATA; ACTIVITY MODE; CHILDREN; VALIDATION; PREDICTION; FITNESS; WALKING AB BUTTE, N. F., U. EKELUND, and K. R. WESTERTERP. Assessing Physical Activity Using Wearable Monitors: Measures of Physical Activity. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 44, No. 1S, pp. S5-S12, 2012. Background: Physical activity may be defined broadly as "all bodily actions produced by the contraction of skeletal muscle that increase energy expenditure above basal level." Physical activity is a complex construct that can be classified into major categories qualitatively, quantitatively, or contextually. The quantitative assessment of physical activity using wearable monitors is grounded in the measurement of energy expenditure. Six main categories of wearable monitors are currently available to investigators: pedometers, load transducers/foot-contact monitors, accelerometers, HR monitors, combined accelerometer and HR monitors, and multiple sensor systems. Best Practices: Currently available monitors are capable of measuring total physical activity as well as components of physical activity that play important roles in human health. The selection of wearable monitors for measuring physical activity will depend on the physical activity component of interest, study objectives, characteristics of the target population, and study feasibility in terms of cost and logistics. Future Directions: Future development of sensors and analytical techniques for assessing physical activity should focus on the dynamic ranges of sensors, comparability for sensor output across manufacturers, and the application of advanced modeling techniques to predict energy expenditure and classify physical activities. New approaches for qualitatively classifying physical activity should be validated using direct observation or recording. New sensors and methods for quantitatively assessing physical activity should be validated in laboratory and free-living populations using criterion methods of calorimetry or doubly labeled water. C1 [Butte, Nancy F.] Baylor Coll Med, Agr Res Serv, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Ekelund, Ulf] Univ Cambridge, MRC Epidemiol Unit, Cambridge, England. [Westerterp, Klaas R.] Maastricht Univ, Dept Human Biol, Maastricht, Netherlands. RP Butte, NF (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Agr Res Serv, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM nbutte@bcm.edu FU Medical Research Council [MC_U106179473] NR 61 TC 104 Z9 106 U1 5 U2 70 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PY 2012 VL 44 SU 1 BP S5 EP S12 DI 10.1249/MSS.0b013e3182399c0e PG 8 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 871IR UT WOS:000298732000002 PM 22157774 ER PT J AU Wang, DP Qi, MS Calla, B Korban, SS Clough, SJ Cock, PJA Sundin, GW Toth, I Zhao, YF AF Wang, Dongping Qi, Mingsheng Calla, Bernarda Korban, Schuyler S. Clough, Steven J. Cock, Peter J. A. Sundin, George W. Toth, Ian Zhao, Youfu TI Genome-Wide Identification of Genes Regulated by the Rcs Phosphorelay System in Erwinia amylovora SO MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI K-12; ENTERICA SEROVAR TYPHIMURIUM; FIRE BLIGHT PATHOGEN; EXOPOLYSACCHARIDE SYNTHESIS; SWARMING MOTILITY; BIOFILM FORMATION; OXIDATIVE STRESS; SENSOR KINASE; VIRULENCE; EXPRESSION AB The exopolysaccharide amylovoran is one of the major pathogenicity factors in Erwinia amylovora, the causal agent of fire blight of apples and pears. We have previously demonstrated that the RcsBCD phosphorelay system is essential for virulence by controlling amylovoran biosynthesis. We have also found that the hybrid sensor kinase RcsC differentially regulates amylovoran production in vitro and in vivo. To further understand how the Rcs system regulates E. amylovora virulence gene expression, we conducted genome-wide microarray analyses to determine the regulons of RcsB and RcsC in liquid medium and on immature pear fruit. Array analyses identified a total of 648 genes differentially regulated by RcsCB in vitro and in vivo. Consistent with our previous findings, RcsB acts as a positive regulator in both conditions, while RcsC positively controls expression of amylovoran biosynthetic genes in vivo but negatively controls expression in vitro. Besides amylovoran biosynthesis and regulatory genes, cell-wall and cell-envelope (membrane) as well as regulatory genes were identified as the major components of the RcsBC regulon, including many novel genes. We have also demonstrated that transcripts of rcsA, rcsC, and rcsD genes but not the rcsB gene were up-regulated when bacterial cells were grown in minimal medium or following infection of pear fruits compared with those grown in Luria Bertani medium. Furthermore, using the genome of E. amylovora ATCC 49946, a hidden Markov model predicted 60 genes with a candidate RcsB binding site in the intergenic region, 28 of which were identified in the microarray assay. Based on these findings as well as previous reported data, a working model has been proposed to illustrate how the Rcs phosphorelay system regulates virulence gene expression in E. amylovora. C1 [Wang, Dongping; Qi, Mingsheng; Calla, Bernarda; Clough, Steven J.; Zhao, Youfu] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Korban, Schuyler S.] Univ Illinois, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Clough, Steven J.] ARS, USDA, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Cock, Peter J. A.; Toth, Ian] James Hutton Inst, Dundee DD2 5DA, Scotland. [Sundin, George W.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Zhao, YF (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM zhao888@illinois.edu RI Cock, Peter/D-8730-2013; Qi, Mingsheng/G-8755-2013; Wang, Dongping /L-2124-2013 OI Cock, Peter/0000-0001-9513-9993; FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative from the United States Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2010-65110-20497]; Scottish Government Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services (RESAS) Division; Potato Council FX We thank P. E. Hedley and L. Pritchard of the James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, U. K. for helping design and for sharing the microarray. This project was supported by the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program grant no. 2010-65110-20497 from the United States Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture (Y. Zhao) and the Scottish Government Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services (RESAS) Division and the Potato Council (I. Toth). NR 55 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0894-0282 J9 MOL PLANT MICROBE IN JI Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 25 IS 1 BP 6 EP 17 DI 10.1094/MPMI-08-11-0207 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 865BK UT WOS:000298285500001 PM 21936662 ER PT J AU Gadoury, DM Cadle-Davidson, L Wilcox, WF Dry, IB Seem, RC Milgroom, MG AF Gadoury, David M. Cadle-Davidson, Lance Wilcox, Wayne F. Dry, Ian B. Seem, Robert C. Milgroom, Michael G. TI Grapevine powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator): a fascinating system for the study of the biology, ecology and epidemiology of an obligate biotroph SO MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MYCOPARASITE AMPELOMYCES-QUISQUALIS; MARKER-ASSISTED SELECTION; FUNGUS UNCINULA-NECATOR; F-SP HORDEI; ONTOGENIC RESISTANCE; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; PATHOGEN RESISTANCE; MYCOPHAGOUS MITE; LOW-TEMPERATURE; VITIS-VINIFERA AB Few plant pathogens have had a more profound effect on the evolution of disease management than Erysiphe necator, which causes grapevine powdery mildew. When the pathogen first spread from North America to England in 1845, and onwards to France in 1847, germ theory was neither understood among the general populace nor even generally accepted within the scientific community. Louis Pasteur had only recently reported the microbial nature of fermentation, and it would be another 30 years before Robert Koch would publish his proofs of the microbial nature of certain animal diseases. However, within 6 years after the arrival of the pathogen, nearly 6 million grape growers in France were routinely applying sulphur to suppress powdery mildew on nearly 2.5 million hectares of vineyards (Campbell, 2006). The pathogen has remained a focus for disease management efforts ever since. Because of the worldwide importance of the crop and its susceptibility to the disease, and because conventional management with modern, organic fungicides has been compromised on several occasions since 1980 by the evolution of fungicide resistance, there has also been a renewed effort worldwide to explore the pathogen's biology and ecology, its genetics and molecular interactions with host plants, and to refine current and suggest new management strategies. These latter aspects are the subject of our review. C1 [Gadoury, David M.; Wilcox, Wayne F.; Seem, Robert C.] Cornell Univ, New York State Agr Expt Stn, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Cadle-Davidson, Lance] ARS, USDA, Grape Genet Res Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Dry, Ian B.] Univ Adelaide, CSIRO Plant Ind, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia. RP Gadoury, DM (reprint author), Cornell Univ, New York State Agr Expt Stn, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. EM dmg4@cornell.edu RI Dry, Ian/A-5004-2008 NR 126 TC 42 Z9 45 U1 13 U2 99 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1464-6722 J9 MOL PLANT PATHOL JI Mol. Plant Pathol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 13 IS 1 BP 1 EP 16 DI 10.1111/j.1364-3703.2011.00728.x PG 16 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 862JY UT WOS:000298088200001 PM 21726395 ER PT J AU Reed, SC Wood, TE Cavaleri, MA AF Reed, Sasha C. Wood, Tana E. Cavaleri, Molly A. TI Tropical forests in a warming world SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material DE carbon cycling; climate change; photosynthesis; respiration; rising temperature; tropical forests ID RAIN-FOREST; TEMPERATURE SENSITIVITY; TREE GROWTH; PATTERNS C1 [Reed, Sasha C.] US Geol Survey, SW Biol Sci Ctr, Moab, UT 84532 USA. [Wood, Tana E.] US Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, USDA, San Juan, PR 00926 USA. [Wood, Tana E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94209 USA. [Cavaleri, Molly A.] Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. RP Reed, SC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, SW Biol Sci Ctr, 2290 SW Resource Blvd, Moab, UT 84532 USA. EM screed@usgs.gov NR 14 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 30 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0028-646X EI 1469-8137 J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 193 IS 1 BP 27 EP 29 DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03985.x PG 3 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 865HC UT WOS:000298300800008 PM 22136501 ER PT J AU Olson, ZH Beasley, JC DeVault, TL Rhodes, OE AF Olson, Z. H. Beasley, J. C. DeVault, T. L. Rhodes, O. E., Jr. TI Scavenger community response to the removal of a dominant scavenger SO OIKOS LA English DT Article ID AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPE; VERTEBRATE SCAVENGERS; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; CURRENT KNOWLEDGE; NICHE BREADTH; BIODIVERSITY; CARRION; COMPETITION; DECLINE AB The alteration of scavenging communities can reduce basic ecosystem services and increase risks to human and wildlife health. Recent work demonstrated that scavenging communities in agricultural landscapes are extremely efficient: superabundant mesopredators sequestered system energy by dominating scavenging activity. To explore how the disturbance of these communities affects the stability of carrion removal as an ecosystem function, we experimentally manipulated a scavenging community within an agricultural landscape by reducing the abundance of the dominant scavenger, raccoons Procyon lotor. We then monitored the fates of 676 mouse Mus musculus carcasses placed in 13 control and 13 removal woodlots from June 2007May 2008. The diversity of vertebrate scavengers did not change between control and removal woodlots and scavenging by invertebrates was unaffected by our experiment. Although Virginia opossums Didelphis virginiana and other scavengers exhibited a functional response when raccoons were reduced in abundance, the increases did not change the proportional allocation of carcasses among scavengers. Finally, the reduced abundance of a major scavenger affected system efficiency. More carcasses remained un-scavenged at the end of trials in removal woodlots than in control woodlots. This experiment demonstrates the vulnerability of a critical ecosystem service, carrion removal, to perturbations of the scavenging community and serves to highlight the method by which scavenger communities may respond to perturbations. C1 [Olson, Z. H.; Beasley, J. C.; Rhodes, O. E., Jr.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [DeVault, T. L.] Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Wildlife Serv, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA. RP Olson, ZH (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, 195 Marstellar St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM zolson@purdue.edu FU Purdue Univ.; Dept of Forestry and Natural Resources FX We thank the landowners in the Upper Wabash River Basin for allowing us access to their land and the Rhodes lab for helpful comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. Funding for this study was provided by Purdue Univ. and the Dept of Forestry and Natural Resources. NR 44 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 41 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0030-1299 J9 OIKOS JI Oikos PD JAN PY 2012 VL 121 IS 1 BP 77 EP 84 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0706.2011.19771.x PG 8 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 867VZ UT WOS:000298484200009 ER PT J AU Rand, TA Louda, SM AF Rand, Tatyana A. Louda, Svata M. TI Exotic weevil invasion increases floral herbivore community density, function, and impact on a native plant SO OIKOS LA English DT Article ID RHINOCYLLUS-CONICUS; ECOSYSTEM FUNCTION; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; CIRSIUM-CANESCENS; SPECIES LOSS; BIODIVERSITY; THISTLE; CURCULIONIDAE; COMPENSATION; EVOLUTIONARY AB Consumer communities are being re-arranged through unprecedented rates of human-mediated invasions and extinctions. Such changes in consumer diversity potentially alter community function and impact on resource populations. Although insect herbivore invasions are increasingly common, the influence of such species additions on native resident herbivore guilds, along with their individual and combined effects on native plant resources, are rarely investigated. Here, we used site-to-site and plant-to-plant variation in herbivore composition to examine how the addition of an invasive exotic weevil, Rhinocyllus conicus, combines with a guild of native floral herbivores (tephritid flies, pyralid moths) to influence two key components of herbivore community function aggregate herbivore densities and cumulative levels of seed destruction on a native thistle, Cirsium canescens. Invasion of a site by R. conicus more than doubled aggregate herbivore density, resulting in increased levels of seed destruction and a halving of seed production by the native thistle. Further, herbivore function was significantly higher on individual plants attacked by R. conicus, compared to plants attacked only by native herbivores. Insect densities and levels of seed destruction on plants attacked by multiple herbivore taxa never exceeded those observed for plants attacked by R. conicus alone, suggesting that increases in herbivore community function with invasion resulted from the inclusion of a functionally dominant insect rather than any complementarity effects. Some evidence for interference between insects emerged, with a trend towards reduced moth and weevil densities in two and three taxon mixtures compared with plants attacked by each taxon alone. However, density compensation was limited so that, overall, the addition of a novel herbivore to the floral guild was associated with a significant increase in herbivore community function and impact on seed production. The results suggest that invasion of a functionally dominant herbivore into an unsaturated recipient community can augment function within a resource guild. C1 [Rand, Tatyana A.] ARS, USDA, No Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. [Louda, Svata M.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Biol Sci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. RP Rand, TA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, No Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. EM tatyana.rand@ars.usda.gov FU Univ. of Nebraska; Nature Conservancy; National Science Foundation [DEB96-15299]; U.S.D.A. [OEP2000-00848] FX We thank the many students and colleagues who contributed to this project, including Rob Bevill, Amy Hines, Lynn Stanforth and Steve Trevis in the field and Chad Andersen, Nate Brandt, Kayla Christensen, Lizz Hudnell, Abby Rogers Kula, Sara McLaughlin and Jeanette Zimmer in the laboratory. Andy Lenssen provided helpful comments on the manuscript. Support for this research was provided by: Univ. of Nebraska Grant-in-Aid, Katherine Ordway and Rodney Johnson Stewardship Funded Grant from The Nature Conservancy, and grants from the National Science Foundation (DEB96-15299) and the U.S.D.A. (OEP2000-00848) to SML. NR 48 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 24 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0030-1299 J9 OIKOS JI Oikos PD JAN PY 2012 VL 121 IS 1 BP 85 EP 94 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0706.2011.19339.x PG 10 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 867VZ UT WOS:000298484200010 ER PT J AU Rhodes, LV Tilghman, SL Boue, SM Wang, SC Khalili, H Muir, SE Bratton, MR Zhang, Q Wang, GD Burow, ME Collins-Burow, BM AF Rhodes, Lyndsay V. Tilghman, Syreeta L. Boue, Stephen M. Wang, Shuchun Khalili, Hafez Muir, Shannon E. Bratton, Melyssa R. Zhang, Qiang Wang, Guangdi Burow, Matthew E. Collins-Burow, Bridgette M. TI Glyceollins as novel targeted therapeutic for the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer SO ONCOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE triple-negative breast cancer; microRNA; tumorigenesis; glyceollins ID EPITHELIAL-MESENCHYMAL TRANSITION; TUMOR-SUPPRESSOR GENE; ANTIESTROGENIC ACTIVITIES; MICRORNA-21 TARGETS; MEDIATED APOPTOSIS; IN-VITRO; EXPRESSION; PHYTOESTROGENS; SOY; MIR-29 AB The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of glyceollins on the suppression of tumorigenesis in triple-negative breast carcinoma cell lines. We further explored the effects of glyceollins on microRNA and protein expression in MDA-MB-231 cells. Triple-negative (ER-, PgR- and Her2/neu-) breast carcinoma cells were used to test the effects of glyceollins on tumorigenesis in vivo. Following this procedure, unbiased microarray analysis of microRNA expression was performed. Additionally, we examined the changes in the proteome induced by glyceollins in the MDA-MB-231 cells. Tumorigenesis studies revealed a modest suppression of MDA-MB-23I and MDA-MB-468 cell tumor growth in vivo. In response to glyceollins we observed a distinct change in microRNA expression profiles and proteomes of the triple-negative breast carcinoma cell line, MDA-MB-231. Our results demonstrated that the glyceollins, previously described as anti-estrogenic agents, also exert antitumor activity in triple-negative breast carcinoma cell systems. This activity correlates with the glyceollin alteration of microRNA and proteomic expression profiles. C1 [Rhodes, Lyndsay V.; Wang, Shuchun; Khalili, Hafez; Muir, Shannon E.; Burow, Matthew E.; Collins-Burow, Bridgette M.] Tulane Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sect Hematol & Med Oncol, Dept Med, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. [Bratton, Melyssa R.; Burow, Matthew E.] Tulane Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. [Boue, Stephen M.] Xavier Univ Louisiana, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70125 USA. [Tilghman, Syreeta L.] Xavier Univ Louisiana, Coll Pharm, New Orleans, LA 70125 USA. [Zhang, Qiang; Wang, Guangdi] Xavier Univ Louisiana, RCMI Canc Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70125 USA. [Wang, Guangdi] Xavier Univ Louisiana, Dept Chem, New Orleans, LA 70125 USA. RP Collins-Burow, BM (reprint author), Tulane Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sect Hematol & Med Oncol, Dept Med, 1430 Tulane Ave,SL-78, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. EM bcollin1@tulane.edu RI Burow, Matthew/D-6351-2013 OI Burow, Matthew/0000-0002-0642-6630 FU US Department of Agriculture [58-6435-7-019]; National Institutes of Health/National Center for Research Resources [P20RR020152]; National Center for Research Resources RCMI [5G12RR026260-02]; Office of Naval Research [09-10 N00014-10-1-0270] FX This study was supported by: The US Department of Agriculture 58-6435-7-019 (S.M.B. and M.E.B.), the National Institutes of Health/National Center for Research Resources P20RR020152 (B.M.C.-B.), National Center for Research Resources RCMI program through Grant 5G12RR026260-02 (G.W.), and the Office of Naval Research Grant 09-10 N00014-10-1-0270 (M.E.B). NR 79 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 6 PU SPANDIDOS PUBL LTD PI ATHENS PA POB 18179, ATHENS, 116 10, GREECE SN 1792-1074 J9 ONCOL LETT JI Oncol. Lett. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 3 IS 1 BP 163 EP 171 DI 10.3892/ol.2011.460 PG 9 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 862WL UT WOS:000298124700030 PM 22740874 ER PT J AU Yan, GP Smiley, RW Okubara, PA AF Yan, Guiping Smiley, Richard W. Okubara, Patricia A. TI Detection and Quantification of Pratylenchus thornei in DNA Extracted from Soil Using Real-Time PCR SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE in silico analysis; root disease ID ROOT-LESION NEMATODES; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; FRAGMENT-LENGTH-POLYMORPHISM; POTATO-CYST-NEMATODE; MELOIDOGYNE-INCOGNITA; GENUS PRATYLENCHUS; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; QUANTITATIVE PCR; WHEAT; IDENTIFICATION AB Yan, G. P., Smiley, R. W., and Okubara, P. A. 2012. Detection and quantification of Pratylenchus thornet in DNA extracted from soil using real-time PCR. Phytopathology 102:14-22. The root-lesion nematode Pratylenchus (hornet is one of the most important pests restricting productivity of wheat in the Pacific Northwest (PNW). It is laborious and difficult to use microscopy to count and identify the nematodes in soils. A SYBR Green I-based real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was developed to detect and quantify this species from DNA extracts of soil. A primer set, designed from the internal transcribed spacer region (ITSI) of rDNA, was highly specific to P. thornei and did not amplify DNA from 27 isolates of other Pratylenchus spp., other nematodes, and six fungal species present in PNW wheat fields. A standard curve relating threshold cycle and log values of nematode number was generated from artificially infested soils. The standard curve was supported by a high correlation between the numbers of P thornei added to soil and the numbers quantified using real-time PCR. Examination of 15 PNW dryland field soils and 20 greenhouse samples revealed significant positive correlations between the numbers determined by real-time PCR and by the Whitehead tray and microscopic method. Real-time PCR is a rapid, sensitive alternative to time-consuming nematode extractions, microscopic identification, and counting of P thornei from field and greenhouse soils. C1 [Yan, Guiping; Smiley, Richard W.] Oregon State Univ, Columbia Basin Agr Res Ctr, Pendleton, OR 97801 USA. [Okubara, Patricia A.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Root Dis & Biol Control Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Yan, GP (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Columbia Basin Agr Res Ctr, POB 370, Pendleton, OR 97801 USA. EM guiping.yan@oregonstate.edu FU Oregon State University; Agricultural Research Foundation [ARF 7135A]; United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) [SCA 58-5348-9-100, 5248-22000-012-00D] FX This research was supported by the Oregon State University, Agricultural Research Foundation project ARF 7135A, and a subcontract between Oregon State University and the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) (SCA 58-5348-9-100, "Control of Root Diseases of Wheat and Barley"), and USDA-ARS project number 5248-22000-012-00D (P. A. Okubara). We thank S. H. Hulbert and C. Yin at Washington State University for use of the Nano-Drop ND-1000 Spectrophotometer; A. Dyer, S. Hafez, A. Skantar, E. Riga, and M. Mazzola for providing isolates of control nematode and fungal species; and C. L. Reardon for providing pUC 19 plasmid and M13F and M13R primers. NR 41 TC 23 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 24 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JAN PY 2012 VL 102 IS 1 BP 14 EP 22 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-03-11-0093 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 864UG UT WOS:000298265000001 PM 21879792 ER PT J AU Lee, MW Rogers, EE Stenger, DC AF Lee, Min Woo Rogers, Elizabeth E. Stenger, Drake C. TI Xylella fastidiosa Plasmid-Encoded PemK Toxin Is an Endoribonuclease SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Pierce's disease; plasmid shuttle vector ID GLASSY-WINGED SHARPSHOOTER; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ANTITOXIN LOCI; HOMALODISCA-VITRIPENNIS; STABLE MAINTENANCE; MESSENGER-RNAS; PROTEIN; SYSTEM; REPLICATION; STABILITY AB Lee, M. W., Rogers, E. E., and Stenger, D. C. 2012. Xylella fastidiosa plasmid-encoded PemK toxin is an endoribonuclease. Phytopathology 102:32-40. Stable inheritance of pXF-RIV11 in Xylella fastidiosa is conferred by the pemI/pemK toxin-antitoxin (TA) system. PemK toxin inhibits bacterial growth; PemI is the corresponding antitoxin that blocks activity of PemK by direct binding. PemK and PemI were overexpressed in Escherichia colt and activities of each were assessed. Purified PemK toxin specifically degraded single-stranded RNA but not double-stranded RNA, double-stranded DNA, or single-stranded DNA. Addition of PemI antitoxin inhibited nuclease activity of PemK toxin. Purified complexes of PemI bound to PemK exhibited minimal nuclease activity; removal of PemI antitoxin from the complex restored nuclease activity of PemK toxin. Sequencing of 5' rapid amplification of cDNA ends products of RNA targets digested with PemK revealed a preference for cleavage between U and A residues of the sequence UACU and UACG. Nine single amino-acid substitution mutants of PemK toxin were constructed and evaluated for growth inhibition, ribonuclease activity, and PemI binding. Three PemK point-substitution mutants (R3A, G16E, and D79V) that lacked nuclease activity did not inhibit growth. All nine PemK mutants retained the ability to bind PemI. Collectively, the results indicate that the mechanism of stable inheritance conferred by pXF-RIV11 pemI/pemK is similar to that of the R100 pemI/pemK TA system of E. coli. C1 [Lee, Min Woo; Rogers, Elizabeth E.; Stenger, Drake C.] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Stenger, DC (reprint author), USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM drake.stenger@ars.usda.gov RI Rogers, Elizabeth/D-2087-2009 OI Rogers, Elizabeth/0000-0002-0545-4744 NR 40 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JAN PY 2012 VL 102 IS 1 BP 32 EP 40 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-05-11-0150 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 864UG UT WOS:000298265000003 PM 21864087 ER PT J AU Gadoury, DM Wakefield, LM Cadle-Davidson, L Dry, IB Seem, RC AF Gadoury, David M. Wakefield, Laura M. Cadle-Davidson, Lance Dry, Ian B. Seem, Robert C. TI Effects of Prior Vegetative Growth, Inoculum Density, Light, and Mating on Conidiation of Erysiphe necator SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Uncinula necator ID GRAPE POWDERY MILDEW; UNCINULA-NECATOR; ASPERGILLUS-NIDULANS; BLUE-LIGHT; CONIDIOPHORE DEVELOPMENT; CANDIDA-ALBICANS; DIMORPHIC FUNGI; RED-LIGHT; SPORULATION; VINEYARDS AB Gadoury, D. M., Wakefield, L. M., Cadle-Davidson, L., Dry, I. B., and Seem, R. C. 2012. Effects of prior vegetative growth, inoculum density, light, and mating on conidiation of Erysiphe necator. Phytopathology 102:65-72. Initiation of asexual sporulation in powdery mildews is preceded by a period of superficial vegetative growth of mildew colonies. We found evidence of a quorum-sensing signal in Erysiphe necator that was promulgated at the colony center and stimulated conidiation throughout the colony. Removal of the colony center after putative signal promulgation had no impact upon timing of sporulation by 48-h-old hyphae at the colony margin. However, removal of the colony center before signaling nearly doubled the latent period. A relationship between inoculum density and latent period was also observed, with latent period decreasing as the number of conidia deposited per square millimeter was increased. The effect was most pronounced at the lowest inoculum densities, with little decrease of the latent period as the density of inoculation increased above 10 spores/mm. Furthermore, light was shown to be necessary to initiate conidiation of sporulation-competent colonies. When plants were inoculated and maintained in a clay-and-night cycle for 36 h but subjected to darkness after 36 h, colonies kept in darkness failed to sporulate for several days after plants kept in light had sporulated. Once returned to light, the dark-suppression was immediately reversed, and sporulation commenced within 12 h. Merging of colonies of compatible mating types resulted in near-cessation of sporulation, both in the region of merging and in more distant parts of the colonies. Colonies continued to expand but stopped producing new conidiophores once pairing of compatible mating types had occurred, and extant conidiophores stopped producing new conidia. Therefore, in addition to a quorum-sensing signal to initiate conidiation, there appears to be either signal repression or another signal that causes conidiation to cease once pairing has occurred and the pathogen has initiated the ascigerous stage for overwintering. C1 [Gadoury, David M.; Wakefield, Laura M.; Seem, Robert C.] Cornell Univ, New York State Agr Expt Stn, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Cadle-Davidson, Lance] USDA ARS, Grape Genet Res Unit, New York State Agr Expt Stn, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Dry, Ian B.] Commonwealth Sci & Ind Res Org, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia. RP Gadoury, DM (reprint author), Cornell Univ, New York State Agr Expt Stn, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. EM dmg4@cornell.edu RI Dry, Ian/A-5004-2008 FU United States Department of Agriculture Viticulture Consortium-East; Pennsylvania Wine Marketing Board; New York Wine and Grape Foundation FX This work was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture Viticulture Consortium-East, The Pennsylvania Wine Marketing Board, and the New York Wine and Grape Foundation. Part of the research described herein represents a portion of a dissertation submitted by L. M. Wakefield to the Graduate School of Cornell University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Ph.D. in Plant Pathology. Studies on the growth of mildew colonies during darkness were conducted by M. K. Schappert as part of a Research Experience for Undergraduates in Plant Pathology at Cornell during June and July 2011. NR 42 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JAN PY 2012 VL 102 IS 1 BP 65 EP 72 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-03-11-0085 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 864UG UT WOS:000298265000007 PM 21848394 ER PT J AU Ramming, DW Gabler, F Smilanick, JL Margosan, DA Cadle-Davidson, M Barba, P Mahanil, S Frenkel, O Milgroom, MG Cadle-Davidson, L AF Ramming, David W. Gabler, Franka Smilanick, Joseph L. Margosan, Dennis A. Cadle-Davidson, Molly Barba, Paola Mahanil, Siraprapa Frenkel, Omer Milgroom, Michael G. Cadle-Davidson, Lance TI Identification of Race-Specific Resistance in North American Vitis spp. Limiting Erysiphe necator Hyphal Growth SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POWDERY MILDEW RESISTANCE; FUNGAL DISEASE RESISTANCE; UNCINULA-NECATOR; GRAPEVINE; SELECTION; GENE; POPULATION; LOCUS; MAP AB Ramming, D. W., Gabler, F., Smilanick, J. L., Margosan, D. A., Cadle-Davidson, M., Barba, P., Mahanil, S., Frenkel, O., Milgroom, M. G., and Cadle-Davidson, L. 2012. Identification of race-specific resistance in North American Vitis spp. limiting Erysiphe necator hyphal growth. Phytopathology 102:83-93. Race-specific resistance against powdery mildews is well documented in small grains but, in other crops such as grapevine, controlled analysis of host pathogen interactions on resistant plants is uncommon. In the current study, we attempted to confirm powdery mildew resistance phenotypes through vineyard, greenhouse, and in vitro inoculations for test cross-mapping populations for two resistance sources: (i) a complex hybrid breeding line, 'Bloodworth 81-107-11', of at least Vitis rotundifolia, V vinifera, V berlandieri, V rupestris, V labrusca, and V aestivalis background; and (ii) Vitis hybrid 'Tamiami' of V aestivalis and V vinifera origin. Statistical analysis of vineyard resistance data suggested the segregation of two and three race-specific resistance genes from the two sources, respectively. However, in each population, some resistant progeny were susceptible in greenhouse or in vitro screens, which suggested the presence of Erysiphe necator isolates virulent on progeny segregating for one or more resistance genes. Controlled inoculation of resistant and susceptible progeny with a diverse set of E. necator isolates clearly demonstrated the presence of fungal races differentially interacting with race-specific resistance genes, providing proof of race specificity in the grape powdery mildew pathosystem. Consistent with known race-specific resistance mechanisms, both resistance sources were characterized by programmed cell death of host epidermal cells under appressoria, which arrested or slowed hyphal growth; this response was also accompanied by collapse of conidia, germ tubes, appressoria, and secondary hyphae. The observation of prevalent isolates virulent on progeny with multiple race-specific resistance genes before resistance gene deployment has implications for grape breeding strategies. We suggest that grape breeders should characterize the mechanisms of resistance and pyramid multiple resistance genes with different mechanisms for improved durability. C1 [Cadle-Davidson, Molly; Mahanil, Siraprapa; Cadle-Davidson, Lance] USDA ARS, Grape Genet Res Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Ramming, David W.; Gabler, Franka; Smilanick, Joseph L.; Margosan, Dennis A.] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Barba, Paola] Cornell Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Frenkel, Omer; Milgroom, Michael G.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Cadle-Davidson, L (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grape Genet Res Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. EM Lance.CalleDavidson@ars.usda.gov FU American Vineyard Foundation; California Table Grape Commission; California Raisin Marketing Board; Viticultural Consortium West; California Competitive Grants Program for Viticulture and Enology; USDA-ARS FX This research was supported by the American Vineyard Foundation, California Table Grape Commission, California Raisin Marketing Board, Viticultural Consortium West, the California Competitive Grants Program for Viticulture and Enology, and USDA-ARS. NR 40 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JAN PY 2012 VL 102 IS 1 BP 83 EP 93 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-03-11-0062 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 864UG UT WOS:000298265000009 PM 22165984 ER PT J AU Abeysekara, NS Faris, JD Chao, S McClean, PE Friesen, TL AF Abeysekara, Nilwala S. Faris, Justin D. Chao, Shiaoman McClean, Phillip E. Friesen, Timothy L. TI Whole-Genome QTL Analysis of Stagonospora nodorum Blotch Resistance and Validation of the SnTox4-Snn4 Interaction in Hexaploid Wheat SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Triticum aestivum ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; HOST-SELECTIVE TOXINS; GENETIC-LINKAGE MAP; TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L.; BREAD-WHEAT; TAN SPOT; SENSITIVITY GENES; SEPTORIA DISEASES; MARKERS; MICROSATELLITE AB Abeysekara, N. S., Faris, J. D., Chao, S., McClean, P. E., and Friesen, T. L. 2012. Whole-genome QTL analysis of Stagonospora nodorum blotch resistance and validation of the SnTox4-Snn4 interaction in hexaploid wheat. Phytopathology 102:94-104. Necrotrophic effectors (also known as host-selective toxins) are important determinants of disease in the wheat-Stagonospora nodorum pathosystem. To date, five necrotrophic effector host gene interactions have been identified in this system. Most of these interactions have additive effects while some are epistatic. The Snn4-SnTox4 interaction was originally identified in a recombinant-inbred population derived from a cross between the Swiss winter wheat cultivars 'Arina' and 'Forno' using the S. nodorum isolate Sn99CH 1A7a. Here, we used a recombinant-inbred population consisting of 121 lines developed from a cross between the hexaploid land race Salamouni and the hexaploid wheat 'Katepwa' (SK population). The SK population was used for the construction of linkage maps and quantitative trait loci (QTL) detection using the Swiss S. nodorum isolate Sn99CH 1A7a. The linkage maps developed in the SK population spanned 3,228 centimorgans (cM) and consisted of 441 simple-sequence repeats, 9 restriction fragment length polymorphisms, 29 expressed sequence tag sequence-tagged site markers, and 5 phenotypic markers. The average marker density was 6.7 cM/marker. Two QTL, designated QSub.fcu-1A and QSnb.fcu-7A on chromosome arms 1AS and 7AS, respectively, were associated with disease caused by the S. nodorum isolate Sn99CH 1A7a. The effects of QSnb.fcu-1A were determined by the Snn4-SnTox4 interaction and accounted for 23.5% of the phenotypic variation in this population, whereas QSnb.fcu-7A accounted for 16.4% of the phenotypic variation for disease but was not associated with any known effector sensitivity locus. The effects of both QTL were largely additive and collectively accounted for 35.7% of the total phenotypic variation. The results of this research validate the effects of a compatible Snn4-SnTox4 interaction in a different genetic background, and it provides knowledge regarding genomic regions and molecular markers that can be used to improve Stagonospora nodorum blotch resistance in wheat germplasm. C1 [Faris, Justin D.; Chao, Shiaoman; Friesen, Timothy L.] USDA ARS, Red River Valley Res Ctr, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Abeysekara, Nilwala S.; McClean, Phillip E.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Friesen, TL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Red River Valley Res Ctr, Cereal Crops Res Unit, 1307 18th St N, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM Timothy.Friesen@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service [5442-22000-037-00D, 5442-22000-030-00D] FX This research was supported by United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service CRIS projects 5442-22000-037-00D and 5442-22000-030-00D. We thank C. Chu for assistance with statistical analyses and Z. Liu for providing the necrotrophic effectors used in this study. NR 43 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JAN PY 2012 VL 102 IS 1 BP 94 EP 104 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-02-11-0040 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 864UG UT WOS:000298265000010 PM 21864084 ER PT J AU Vidal, E Yokomi, RK Moreno, A Bertolini, E Cambra, M AF Vidal, E. Yokomi, R. K. Moreno, A. Bertolini, E. Cambra, M. TI Calculation of Diagnostic Parameters of Advanced Serological and Molecular Tissue-Print Methods for Detection of Citrus tristeza virus: A Model for Other Plant Pathogens SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bayes' theorem; direct tissue blot immunoassay ID TIME RT-PCR; PLUM-POX-VIRUS; QUANTITATIVE DETECTION; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION; LIKELIHOOD RATIOS; STATISTICS NOTES; AGREEMENT; CONFIDENCE; ANTIBODY; CAPTURE AB Vidal, E., Yokomi, R. K., Moreno, A., Bertolini, E., and Cambra, M. 2012. Calculation of diagnostic parameters of advanced serological and molecular tissue-print methods for detection of Citrus tristeza virus: A model for other plant pathogens. Phytopathology 102:114-121. Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) is one of the most important virus diseases that affect citrus. Control of CTV is achieved by grafting selected virus-free citrus scions onto CTV-tolerant or -resistant rootstocks. Quarantine and certification programs are essential for avoiding the entry and propagation of severe strains of CTV. Citrus nurseries in Spain and central California (United States) maintain zero-tolerance policies for CTV that require sensitive, specific, and reliable pathogen-detection methods. Tissue-print (TP) real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay was compared with the validated TP enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), using the CTV-specific monoclonal antibodies 3DF1 and 3CA5, for CTV detection. In total, 1,395 samples from healthy and CTV-infected nursery and mature tree plants were analyzed with both methods. The total agreement between both detection methods was substantial (Cohen's kappa index of 0.77 +/- 0.03). The diagnostic parameters of each technique (i.e., the sensitivity, specificity, and likelihood ratios) were evaluated in a second test involving 658 Citrus macrophylla nursery plants. Mexican lime indexing was used to evaluate samples with discrepant results in the analysis. For TP-ELISA, a sensitivity of 0.8015, a specificity of 0.9963, and a positive and negative likelihood ratio of 216.42 and 0.199, respectively, were estimated. For TP real-time RT-PCR, a sensitivity Of 0.9820, a specificity of 0.8519, and a positive and negative likelihood ratio of 6.63 and 0.021, respectively, were estimated. These diagnostic parameters show that TP real-time RT-PCR was the most sensitive technique, whereas TP-ELISA showed the highest specificity, validating the use of the molecular technique for routine CTV-detection purposes. In addition, our results show that the combination of both techniques can accurately substitute for the conventional biological Mexican lime index for the detection of CTV. The calculation of diagnostic parameters is discussed, as a necessary tool, to validate detection or diagnostic methods in plant pathology. Furthermore, assessment of the post-test probability of disease after a diagnostic result and CTV prevalence allows selection of the best method for accurate and reliable diagnosis. C1 [Vidal, E.; Bertolini, E.; Cambra, M.] Inst Valenciano Invest Agr, Lab Virol & Inmunol, Ctr Protecc Vegetal & Biotecnol, Valencia 46113, Spain. [Yokomi, R. K.] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Moreno, A.] CSIC, ICA, Dept Protecc Vegetal, E-28006 Madrid, Spain. RP Cambra, M (reprint author), Inst Valenciano Invest Agr, Lab Virol & Inmunol, Ctr Protecc Vegetal & Biotecnol, Ctra Moncada Naquera Km 5, Valencia 46113, Spain. EM mcambra@ivia.es RI Bertolini, Edson /E-3581-2014; Cambra Alvarez, Mariano/O-6367-2014; Moreno Lozano, Aranzazu/F-9309-2015 OI Bertolini, Edson /0000-0001-5892-6840; Cambra Alvarez, Mariano/0000-0003-2170-9521; Moreno Lozano, Aranzazu/0000-0003-1394-3123 FU Spanish Ministry of Science and Education (MEC) [AGL2009-07531, INIA RTA2005-00190]; Spanish Ministry of Environment and Rural and Marine Affaires; Subdireccion Gral. de Sanidad de la Produccion Primaria [IVIA 3101]; Spanish Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA) FX This work was supported by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Education (MEC, AGL2009-07531, and INIA RTA2005-00190) and Spanish Ministry of Environment and Rural and Marine Affaires, Subdireccion Gral. de Sanidad de la Produccion Primaria (Lab. Reference, IVIA 3101). The English version was revised by American Journal Experts. E. Vidal was recipient of a grant from the Spanish Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA). We thank R. L. DeBorde, M. Krugner, and A. Garcia (United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Parlier, CA) and M. Gil, A. R. Corrales, M. C. Martinez, and M. T. Gorris (IVIA) for assistance in the collection of samples; and J. A. Pina ([VIA) for CTV indexing of Spanish samples on Mexican lime. NR 47 TC 12 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 20 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JAN PY 2012 VL 102 IS 1 BP 114 EP 121 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-05-11-0139 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 864UG UT WOS:000298265000012 PM 21879789 ER PT J AU Spokas, KA Novak, JM Venterea, RT AF Spokas, Kurt A. Novak, Jeff M. Venterea, Rodney T. TI Biochar's role as an alternative N-fertilizer: ammonia capture SO PLANT AND SOIL LA English DT Editorial Material DE Biochar; Black carbon; Nitrogen fertilization; Nitrogen cycle ID MODIFIED ACTIVATED CARBONS; SURFACE FUNCTIONAL-GROUPS; BLACK CARBON; GRAPHITE OXIDES; FAST PYROLYSIS; SOIL; ADSORPTION; CHEMISTRY; OXIDATION; CHARCOAL AB Background Biochar's role as a carbon sequestration agent, while simultaneously providing soil fertility improvements when used as an amendment, has been receiving significant attention across all sectors of society, ranging from academia, industry, government, as well as the general public. This has lead to some exaggeration and possible confusion regarding biochar's actual effectiveness as a soil amendment. One sparsely explored area where biochar appears to have real potential for significant impact is the soil nitrogen cycle. Scope Taghizadeh-Toosi et al. (this issue) examined ammonia sorption on biochar as a means of providing a nitrogen-enriched soil amendment. The longevity of the trapped ammonia was particularly remarkable; it was sequestered in a stable form for at least 12 days under laboratory air flow. Furthermore, the authors observed increased N-15 uptake by plants grown in soil amended with the N-15-enriched biochar, indicating that the N-15 was not irreversibly bound, but, was plant-available. Conclusions Their observations add credence to utilizing biochar as a carrier for nitrogen fertilization, while potentially reducing the undesired environmental consequences through gas emissions, overland flow, and leaching. C1 [Spokas, Kurt A.; Venterea, Rodney T.] ARS, USDA, Soil & Water Management Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Novak, Jeff M.] ARS, USDA, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, Florence, SC 29501 USA. RP Spokas, KA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Soil & Water Management Unit, 1991 Upper Buford Circle,439 Borlaug Hall, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM kurt.spokas@ars.usda.gov RI Venterea, Rodney/A-3930-2009; Spokas, Kurt/F-4839-2016 OI Spokas, Kurt/0000-0002-5049-5959 NR 95 TC 42 Z9 57 U1 9 U2 167 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-079X EI 1573-5036 J9 PLANT SOIL JI Plant Soil PD JAN PY 2012 VL 350 IS 1-2 BP 35 EP 42 DI 10.1007/s11104-011-0930-8 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 864HC UT WOS:000298227400003 ER PT J AU Mishra, S Heckathorn, SA Frantz, JM AF Mishra, Sasmita Heckathorn, Scott A. Frantz, Jonathan M. TI Elevated CO2 affects plant responses to variation in boron availability SO PLANT AND SOIL LA English DT Article DE Azolla; Barley; Boron stress; Boron transporter protein (BOR1); Geranium; Nutrients; Photosynthesis ID ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE; NUTRIENT CONCENTRATIONS; TROPOSPHERIC OZONE; NITROGEN RESPONSES; SPRING WHEAT; CELL-WALLS; GROWTH; ENRICHMENT; NUTRITION; DEFICIENCY AB Aim Effects of elevated CO2 on N relations are well studied, but effects on other nutrients, especially micronutrients, are not. We investigated effects of elevated CO2 on response to variation in boron (B) availability in three unrelated species: seed geranium (Pelargonium x hortorum), barley (Hordeum vulgare), and water fern (Azolla caroliniana). Methods Plants were grown at two levels of CO2 (370, 700 ppm) and low, medium, and high B. Treatment effects were measured on biomass, net photosynthesis (P-n) and related variables, tissue nutrient concentrations, and B transporter protein BOR1. Results In geranium, there were interactive effects (P < 0.05) of B and CO2 on leaf, stem, and total plant mass, root:shoot ratio, leaf [B], B uptake rate, root [Zn], and P-n. Elevated CO2 stimulated growth at 45 mu M B, but decreased it at 450 mu M B and did not affect it at 4.5 mu M B. P-n was stimulated by elevated CO2 only at 45 mu M B and chlorophyll was enhanced only at 450 mu M B. Soluble sugars increased with high CO2 only at 4.5 and 45 mu M B. High CO2 decreased leaf [B] and B uptake rate, especially at 450 mu M B. Though CO2 and B individually affected the concentration of several other nutrients, B x CO2 interactions were evident only for Zn in roots, wherein [Zn] decreased under elevated CO2. Interactive effects of B and CO2 on growth were confirmed in (1) barley grown at 0, 30, or 1,000 mu M B, wherein growth at high CO2 was stimulated more at 30 mu M B, and (2) Azolla grown at 0, 10, and 1,000 mu M B, wherein growth at high CO2 was stimulated at 0 and 10 mu M B. Conclusion Thus, low and high B both may limit growth stimulation under elevated vs. current [CO2], and B deficiency and toxicity, already common, may increase in the future. C1 [Mishra, Sasmita; Heckathorn, Scott A.] Univ Toledo, Dept Environm Sci, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Frantz, Jonathan M.] Univ Toledo, USDA, ARS, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. RP Mishra, S (reprint author), Univ Toledo, Dept Environm Sci, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. EM sasmita.mishra@utoledo.edu FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [SCA 58-3607-4-119] FX This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (SCA 58-3607-4-119 to J. Gray and S.A. Heckathorn). The authors thank Douglas Sturtz and Alycia Pittenger for nutrient analysis. NR 70 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 27 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-079X J9 PLANT SOIL JI Plant Soil PD JAN PY 2012 VL 350 IS 1-2 BP 117 EP 130 DI 10.1007/s11104-011-0888-6 PG 14 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 864HC UT WOS:000298227400009 ER PT J AU Gu, HH Zhan, SS Wang, SZ Tang, YT Chaney, RL Fang, XH Cai, XD Qiu, RL AF Gu, Hai-Hong Zhan, Shu-Shun Wang, Shi-Zhong Tang, Ye-Tao Chaney, Rufus L. Fang, Xiao-Hang Cai, Xin-De Qiu, Rong-Liang TI Silicon-mediated amelioration of zinc toxicity in rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings SO PLANT AND SOIL LA English DT Article DE Rice; Zinc; Silicon; Cell wall; Xylem sap ID FLY-ASH; CONTAMINATED SOIL; HIGHER-PLANTS; MANGANESE TOLERANCE; CADMIUM TOLERANCE; ALUMINUM TOXICITY; METAL TOLERANCE; PADDY SOILS; MAIZE; ACCUMULATION AB Background and aims Silicon (Si) was suggested to enhance plant resistance to toxic elements, and its beneficial role was mainly based on external and internal plant mechanisms. This work aimed at investigating the internal effect of Si on zinc (Zn) detoxification to rice (Oryza sativa L., cv. Tian You 116) seedlings. Methods In a hydroponic experiment, we examined the uptake, xylem loading and localization of Zn in rice seedlings under the condition of 200 mu M Zn contamination with the additional silicate supply at three levels ( 0, 0.5 and 1.8 mM). Results The silicate addition significantly increased the seedling biomass, and decreased Zn concentration in both root and shoot of seedlings and in xylem sap flow. Zinpyr-1 fluorescence test and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis showed the concentration of biologically active Zn(2+) decreased, and Zn and Si co-localized in the cell wall of metabolically less active tissues, especially in sclerenchyma of root. The fractionation analysis further supported silicate supply increased about 10% the cell wall bound fraction of Zn. Conclusions This study suggests the Si-assisted Zn tolerance of rice is mainly due to the reduction of uptake and translocation of excess Zn, and a stronger binding of Zn in the cell wall of less bioactive tissues might also contribute to some degree. C1 [Wang, Shi-Zhong; Tang, Ye-Tao; Chaney, Rufus L.] Guangdong Prov Key Lab Environm Pollut Control &, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Gu, Hai-Hong; Zhan, Shu-Shun; Wang, Shi-Zhong; Tang, Ye-Tao; Chaney, Rufus L.] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Environm Sci & Engn, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Qiu, Rong-Liang] ARS, Environm Management & Byprod Utilizat Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Fang, Xiao-Hang; Cai, Xin-De] S China Inst Environm Sci, MEP, Guangzhou 510655, Guangdong, Peoples R China. RP Qiu, RL (reprint author), Guangdong Prov Key Lab Environm Pollut Control &, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM eesqrl@mail.sysu.edu.cn RI QIU, Rong-Liang/F-9450-2012 FU NSFC-Guangdong Joint Foundation of China [U0833004]; Guangdong Provincial Natural Science Foundation [06202438]; National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program) [2007AA06Z305, 2007AA061001]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities FX The project was supported by the NSFC-Guangdong Joint Foundation of China (No. U0833004), Guangdong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (No. 06202438), National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program) (No. 2007AA06Z305 and 2007AA061001) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities. NR 43 TC 23 Z9 26 U1 6 U2 56 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-079X J9 PLANT SOIL JI Plant Soil PD JAN PY 2012 VL 350 IS 1-2 BP 193 EP 204 DI 10.1007/s11104-011-0894-8 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 864HC UT WOS:000298227400014 ER PT J AU Jennings, TN Smith, JE Cromack, K Sulzman, EW McKay, D Caldwell, BA Beldin, SI AF Jennings, Tara N. Smith, Jane E. Cromack, Kermit, Jr. Sulzman, Elizabeth W. McKay, Donaraye Caldwell, Bruce A. Beldin, Sarah I. TI Impact of postfire logging on soil bacterial and fungal communities and soil biogeochemistry in a mixed-conifer forest in central Oregon SO PLANT AND SOIL LA English DT Article DE Postfire salvage logging; Wildfire; T-RFLP; Soil bacterial and fungal communities; Soil chemical and physical properties; Community level physiological profiles ID FRAGMENT-LENGTH-POLYMORPHISM; ORGANIC-MATTER REMOVAL; PONDEROSA PINE FORESTS; HABITABLE PORE-SPACE; MICROBIAL BIOMASS; VEGETATION CONTROL; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; NITROGEN MINERALIZATION; MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; ENZYME-ACTIVITIES AB Postfire logging recoups the economic value of timber killed by wildfire, but whether such forest management activity supports or impedes forest recovery in stands differing in structure from historic conditions remains unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of mechanical logging after wildfire on soil bacterial and fungal communities and other measures influencing soil productivity. We compared soil bacterial and fungal communities and biogeochemical responses of 1) soils compacted, and 2) soils compacted and then subsoiled, to 3) soils receiving no mechanical disturbance, across seven stands, 1-3 years after postfire logging. Compaction decreased plant-available N on average by 27% compared to no mechanical disturbance, while subsoiling decreased plant-available P (Bray) on average by 26% compared to the compacted and non-mechanically disturbed treatments. Neither bacterial nor fungal richness significantly differed among treatments, yet distinct separation by year in both bacterial and fungal community composition corresponded with significant increases in available N and available P between the first and second postharvest year. Results suggest that nutrients critical to soil productivity were reduced by mechanical applications used in timber harvesting, yet soil bacteria and fungi, essential to mediating decomposition and nutrient cycling, appeared resilient to mechanical disturbance. Results of this study contribute to the understanding about impacts of harvesting fire-killed trees and bear consideration along with the recovery potential of a site and the impending risk of future fire in stands with high densities of fire-killed trees. C1 [Jennings, Tara N.; Smith, Jane E.; McKay, Donaraye; Beldin, Sarah I.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Jennings, Tara N.; Cromack, Kermit, Jr.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Sulzman, Elizabeth W.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Caldwell, Bruce A.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Smith, JE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, 3200 Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM jsmith01@fs.fed.us FU Joint Fire Science Program; Oregon State University Department of Forest Science; USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station; National Science Foundation Microbial Observatory [0348689] FX This research was made possible with funding received from the Joint Fire Science Program; Oregon State University Department of Forest Science; the USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station; and the National Science Foundation Microbial Observatory (Grant No. 0348689). Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. Mention of trade or firm names does not constitute an endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. We thank Drs. Bernard Bormann, Peter Bottomley, Jim Kennedy, and Jonathan Martin for helpful comments on the manuscript. We thank Nicole Kurhanewicz, Zach Sutton, and William Austin for lab and field assistance. Special thanks to Liz Schwartz and Drs. Nicole DeCrappeo, Stephanie Boyle and Laurel Kluber for assistance with Biolog (TM) and T-RFLP results interpretation; Drs. Lisa Ganio (Quantitative Sciences Group), Greg Brenner (Pacific Analytics), Bruce McCune, and Dan Luoma for assistance with the study design and statistical analysis; Drs. George Weaver and Brian Knaus for assistance with graphics; Dr. Angeline Cromack for editing; and Brian Tandy, Terry Craigg, and others at the Deschutes National Forest for site information. Lastly, we dedicate this publication to the memory of Dr. Elizabeth Sulzman, an extraordinary scientist, educator, and mentor. NR 126 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 38 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-079X EI 1573-5036 J9 PLANT SOIL JI Plant Soil PD JAN PY 2012 VL 350 IS 1-2 BP 393 EP 411 DI 10.1007/s11104-011-0925-5 PG 19 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 864HC UT WOS:000298227400028 ER PT J AU Ainsworth, EA Yendrek, CR Skoneczka, JA Long, SP AF Ainsworth, Elizabeth A. Yendrek, Craig R. Skoneczka, Jeffrey A. Long, Stephen P. TI Accelerating yield potential in soybean: potential targets for biotechnological improvement SO PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Glycine max; genetic engineering; photorespiration; photosynthetic efficiency; sink-source relations ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; BIOLOGICAL NITROGEN-FIXATION; GLYCINE-MAX; GENETIC DIVERSITY; PLANT INTRODUCTIONS; C-4 PHOTOSYNTHESIS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; RIBULOSE-1,5-BISPHOSPHATE CARBOXYLASE/OXYGENASE; CANOPY PHOTOSYNTHESIS; MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY AB Soybean (Glycine max Merr.) is the world's most widely grown legume and provides an important source of protein and oil. Global soybean production and yield per hectare increased steadily over the past century with improved agronomy and development of cultivars suited to a wide range of latitudes. In order to meet the needs of a growing world population without unsustainable expansion of the land area devoted to this crop, yield must increase at a faster rate than at present. Here, the historical basis for the yield gains realized in the past 90 years are examined together with potential metabolic targets for achieving further improvements in yield potential. These targets include improving photosynthetic efficiency, optimizing delivery and utilization of carbon, more efficient nitrogen fixation and altering flower initiation and abortion. Optimization of investment in photosynthetic enzymes, bypassing photorespiratory metabolism, engineering the electron transport chain and engineering a faster recovery from the photoprotected state are different strategies to improve photosynthesis in soybean. These potential improvements in photosynthetic carbon gain will need to be matched by increased carbon and nitrogen transport to developing soybean pods and seeds in order to maximize the benefit. Better understanding of control of carbon and nitrogen transport along with improved knowledge of the regulation of flower initiation and abortion will be needed to optimize sink capacity in soybean. Although few single targets are likely to deliver a quantum leap in yields, biotechnological advances in molecular breeding techniques that allow for alteration of the soybean genome and transcriptome promise significant yield gains. C1 [Ainsworth, Elizabeth A.; Yendrek, Craig R.; Skoneczka, Jeffrey A.] ARS, USDA, Global Change & Photosynthesis Res Unit, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Ainsworth, Elizabeth A.; Long, Stephen P.] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Ainsworth, Elizabeth A.; Long, Stephen P.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Ainsworth, EA (reprint author), 1201 W Gregory Dr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM lisa.ainsworth@ars.usda.gov RI Long, Stephen/A-2488-2008; Yendrek, Craig/A-7126-2013 OI Long, Stephen/0000-0002-8501-7164; Yendrek, Craig/0000-0002-0557-325X NR 153 TC 48 Z9 59 U1 4 U2 101 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0140-7791 EI 1365-3040 J9 PLANT CELL ENVIRON JI Plant Cell Environ. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 35 IS 1 BP 38 EP 52 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2011.02378.x PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 864SM UT WOS:000298260400003 PM 21689112 ER PT J AU McCulloh, KA Johnson, DM Meinzer, FC Voelker, SL Lachenbruch, B Domec, JC AF McCulloh, Katherine A. Johnson, Daniel M. Meinzer, Frederick C. Voelker, Steven L. Lachenbruch, Barbara Domec, Jean-Christophe TI Hydraulic architecture of two species differing in wood density: opposing strategies in co-occurring tropical pioneer trees SO PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Anacardium excelsum; Miconia argentea; hydraulic conductivity; vulnerability curves; xylem anatomy ID FOREST CANOPY TREES; DOUGLAS-FIR TREES; DECOMPOSITION RATES; FUNCTIONAL TRAITS; VASCULAR PLANTS; WATER RELATIONS; SAVANNA TREES; GAP SIZE; XYLEM; LEAF AB Co-occurring species often have different strategies for tolerating daily cycles of water stress. One underlying parameter that can link together the suite of traits that enables a given strategy is wood density. Here we compare hydraulic traits of two pioneer species from a tropical forest in Panama that differ in wood density: Miconia argentea and Anacardium excelsum. As hypothesized, the higher wood density of Miconia was associated with smaller diameter vessels and fibres, more water stress-resistant leaves and stems, and roughly half the capacitance of the lower wood density Anacardium. However, the scaling of hydraulic parameters such as the increases in leaf area and measures of hydraulic conductivity with stem diameter was remarkably similar between the two species. The collection of traits exhibited by Miconia allowed it to tolerate more water stress than Anacardium, which relied more heavily on its capacitance to buffer daily water potential fluctuations. This work demonstrates the importance of examining a range of hydraulic traits throughout the plant and highlights the spectrum of possible strategies for coping with daily and seasonal water stress cycles. C1 [McCulloh, Katherine A.; Lachenbruch, Barbara] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Johnson, Daniel M.; Domec, Jean-Christophe] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Meinzer, Frederick C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Voelker, Steven L.] So Oregon Univ, Dept Biol, Ashland, OR 97520 USA. [Domec, Jean-Christophe] INRA, TCEM, UMR 1220, Bordeaux SciAgro, F-33175 Gradignan, France. RP McCulloh, KA (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM kate.mcculloh@oregonstate.edu RI Johnson, Daniel/E-6789-2011; Meinzer, Frederick/C-3496-2012; Voelker, Steven/O-2909-2014 OI Johnson, Daniel/0000-0001-5890-3147; FU National Science Foundation [IBN 09-19871] FX The authors are grateful to two anonymous reviewers and N.M. Holbrook for comments that greatly improved the manuscript. Funding was provided by National Science Foundation grant IBN 09-19871 to K.A.M., D.M.J., F.C.M. and B.L. The authors wish to thank the members of STRI who were helpful with this project, particularly Oris Acevedo and Belkys Jimenez. We are especially indebted to Joe Wright for assistance with the permit process. NR 61 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 5 U2 68 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0140-7791 J9 PLANT CELL ENVIRON JI Plant Cell Environ. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 35 IS 1 BP 116 EP 125 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2011.02421.x PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 864SM UT WOS:000298260400009 PM 21895699 ER PT J AU Gillespie, KM Xu, FX Richter, KT McGrath, JM Markelz, RJC Ort, DR Leakey, ADB Ainsworth, EA AF Gillespie, Kelly M. Xu, Fangxiu Richter, Katherine T. McGrath, Justin M. Markelz, R. J. Cody Ort, Donald R. Leakey, Andrew D. B. Ainsworth, Elizabeth A. TI Greater antioxidant and respiratory metabolism in field-grown soybean exposed to elevated O3 under both ambient and elevated CO2 SO PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Glycine max; climate change; free air concentration enrichment (FACE); principal components analysis ID OPEN-AIR ELEVATION; GENE-EXPRESSION; CARBON-DIOXIDE; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; OXIDATIVE STRESS; CELL-DEATH; LEAF SENESCENCE; JASMONIC ACID; SIGNALING PATHWAYS; TROPOSPHERIC OZONE AB Antioxidant metabolism is responsive to environmental conditions, and is proposed to be a key component of ozone (O3) tolerance in plants. Tropospheric O3 concentration ([O3]) has doubled since the Industrial Revolution and will increase further if precursor emissions rise as expected over this century. Additionally, atmospheric CO2 concentration ([CO2]) is increasing at an unprecedented rate and will surpass 550 ppm by 2050. This study investigated the molecular, biochemical and physiological changes in soybean exposed to elevated [O3] in a background of ambient [CO2] and elevated [CO2] in the field. Previously, it has been difficult to demonstrate any link between antioxidant defences and O3 stress under field conditions. However, this study used principle components analysis to separate variability in [O3] from variability in other environmental conditions (temperature, light and relative humidity). Subsequent analysis of covariance determined that soybean antioxidant metabolism increased with increasing [O3], in both ambient and elevated [CO2]. The transcriptional response was dampened at elevated [CO2], consistent with lower stomatal conductance and lower O3 flux into leaves. Energetically expensive increases in antioxidant metabolism and tetrapyrrole synthesis at elevated [O3] were associated with greater transcript levels of enzymes involved in respiratory metabolism. C1 [Gillespie, Kelly M.; Xu, Fangxiu; Richter, Katherine T.; McGrath, Justin M.; Markelz, R. J. Cody; Ort, Donald R.; Leakey, Andrew D. B.; Ainsworth, Elizabeth A.] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Gillespie, Kelly M.; Xu, Fangxiu; Richter, Katherine T.; McGrath, Justin M.; Markelz, R. J. Cody; Ort, Donald R.; Leakey, Andrew D. B.; Ainsworth, Elizabeth A.] Univ Illinois, Inst Genom Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Ort, Donald R.; Ainsworth, Elizabeth A.] ARS, USDA, Global Change & Photosynthesis Res Unit, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Ainsworth, EA (reprint author), 147 ERML,1201 W Gregory Dr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM lisa.ainsworth@ars.usda.gov RI Leakey, Andrew/Q-9889-2016 OI Leakey, Andrew/0000-0001-6251-024X FU Illinois Council for Food and Agricultural Research (CFAR); US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service; DOE through the Office of Science (BER) Midwestern Regional Center of the National Institute for Climatic Change Research at Michigan Technological University [DE-FC02-06ER64158]; Office of Science (BER), United States Department of Energy [DE-FG02-04ER63849] FX We thank Timothy Mies, Jesse McGrath and Charlie Mitsdarfer for maintaining the SoyFACE facility, and Amy Betzelberger, Ryan Boyd, Alex Cahill, Estefany Galaz, Sharon Gray, Robert Koester, Courtney Leisner, Anna Locke, Phoebe Mbuvi, RJ Cody Markelz, Amelia Myers, Matt NanTie, Mariella Rivera, David Rosenthal, Chris Rudisill, Sara Sligar, Mike Suguitan, Jindong Sun and Zhaozhong Feng for assistance with sampling. The SoyFACE facility was supported by the by the Illinois Council for Food and Agricultural Research (CFAR), and by the US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. This project was in part supported by DOE through the Office of Science (BER) Midwestern Regional Center of the National Institute for Climatic Change Research at Michigan Technological University, under Award Number DE-FC02-06ER64158 and Office of Science (BER), United States Department of Energy, Grant no. DE-FG02-04ER63849. NR 86 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 5 U2 65 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0140-7791 J9 PLANT CELL ENVIRON JI Plant Cell Environ. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 35 IS 1 BP 169 EP 184 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2011.02427.x PG 16 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 864SM UT WOS:000298260400014 PM 21923758 ER PT J AU Punshon, T Hirschi, K Yang, J Lanzirotti, A Lai, B Guerinot, ML AF Punshon, Tracy Hirschi, Kendal Yang, Jian Lanzirotti, Antonio Lai, Barry Guerinot, Mary Lou TI The Role of CAX1 and CAX3 in Elemental Distribution and Abundance in Arabidopsis Seed SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COMPUTED MICROTOMOGRAPHY; VACUOLAR TRANSPORTERS; ION HOMEOSTASIS; PLANT; CALCIUM; GRAIN; RICE; IRON; IDENTIFICATION; LOCALIZATION AB The ability to alter nutrient partitioning within plants cells is poorly understood. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), a family of endomembrane cation exchangers (CAXs) transports Ca2+ and other cations. However, experiments have not focused on how the distribution and partitioning of calcium (Ca) and other elements within seeds are altered by perturbed CAX activity. Here, we investigate Ca distribution and abundance in Arabidopsis seed from cax1 and cax3 loss-of-function lines and lines expressing deregulated CAX1 using synchrotron x-ray fluorescence microscopy. We conducted 7- to 10-mu m resolution in vivo x-ray microtomography on dry mature seed and 0.2-mu m resolution x-ray microscopy on embryos from lines overexpressing deregulated CAX1 (35S-sCAX1) and cax1cax3 double mutants only. Tomograms showed an increased concentration of Ca in both the seed coat and the embryo in cax1, cax3, and cax1cax3 lines compared with the wild type. High-resolution elemental images of the mutants showed that perturbed CAX activity altered Ca partitioning within cells, reducing Ca partitioning into organelles and/or increasing Ca in the cytosol and abolishing tissue-level Ca gradients. In comparison with traditional volume-averaged metal analysis, which confirmed subtle changes in seed elemental composition, the collection of spatially resolved data at varying resolutions provides insight into the impact of altered CAX activity on seed metal distribution and indicates a cell type-specific function of CAX1 and CAX3 in partitioning Ca into organelles. This work highlights a powerful technology for inferring transport function and quantifying nutrient changes. C1 [Punshon, Tracy; Guerinot, Mary Lou] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Biol Sci, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Hirschi, Kendal; Yang, Jian] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA, Agr Res Serv,Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Lanzirotti, Antonio] Univ Chicago, Consortium Adv Radiat Sources, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Lai, Barry] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Punshon, T (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll, Dept Biol Sci, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM tracy.punshon@dartmouth.edu FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [P42 ES007373-17]; Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-FG02-06ER15809]; Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service [58-62650-6001]; Department of Agriculture [2005-34402-16401]; Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Department of Energy, Geosciences [DE-FG02-92ER14244]; Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Environmental Remediation Sciences Division [DE-FC09-96-SR18546]; Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX This work was supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Superfund Research Program (grant no. P42 ES007373-17 to T. P. and M. L. G.), by the Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (grant no. DE-FG02-06ER15809 to M. L. G.), by the Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service (cooperative agreement no. 58-62650-6001 to K. H.), and by the Department of Agriculture (grant no. CSRESS#2005-34402-16401, Designing Foods for Health). Use of the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory was supported by the Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357). Beamline X26A at the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, is supported by the Department of Energy, Geosciences (grant no. DE-FG02-92ER14244 to the University of Chicago) and Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Environmental Remediation Sciences Division (grant no. DE-FC09-96-SR18546 to the University of Kentucky). Use of the National Synchrotron Light Source was supported by the Department of Energy (contract no. DE-AC02-98CH10886). NR 35 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 31 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 158 IS 1 BP 352 EP 362 DI 10.1104/pp.111.184812 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 870IL UT WOS:000298662500030 PM 22086421 ER PT J AU Reinmann, AB Templer, PH Campbell, JL AF Reinmann, Andrew B. Templer, Pamela H. Campbell, John L. TI Severe soil frost reduces losses of carbon and nitrogen from the forest floor during simulated snowmelt: A laboratory experiment SO SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Forest floor; Greenhouse gas; Snowmelt; Leachate; Winter climate change ID NORTHERN HARDWOOD FOREST; BROOK-EXPERIMENTAL-FOREST; FREEZE-THAW CYCLES; FINE-ROOT DYNAMICS; HUBBARD-BROOK; ORGANIC-MATTER; NEW-HAMPSHIRE; NEW-YORK; CATSKILL MOUNTAINS; MICROBIAL BIOMASS AB Considerable progress has been made in understanding the impacts of soil frost on carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling, but the effects of soil frost on C and N fluxes during snowmelt remain poorly understood. We conducted a laboratory experiment to determine the effects of soil frost on C and N fluxes from forest floor soils during snowmelt. Soil cores were collected from a sugar maple (Acer saccharum) American beech (Fagus grandifolia) and a red spruce (Picea rubens)-balsam fir (Abies balsamea) forest at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest in New Hampshire, U.S.A. Soils were exposed to one of three temperature treatments, including severe (-15 degrees C), mild (-0.5 degrees C), and no soil frost (+5 degrees C) conditions. After one week the soils were incubated at +5 degrees C and snow was placed on top of the soils to simulate spring snowmelt. NO3- losses were up to 5.5 mg N kg(-1) soil greater in the mild soil frost treatment than the severe soil frost treatment. Net losses of NH4+ and DON in leachate were up to 19 and 18 mg N kg(-1) soil greater in the no soil frost and mild soil frost treatments, respectively, than the severe soil frost treatment. In contrast, soil frost did not have a significant impact on dissolved organic C or cumulative gaseous fluxes of C and N throughout the snowmelt period. However, the total cumulative flux of C (i.e. dissolved organic C + CO2 + CH4) and N (i.e. dissolved organic N + NH4 + NO3 + N2O) in the severe soil frost treatment were between one quarter and one half that observed in the no soil frost treatment for both forest types. Together, the results of this study show that total fluxes of N in leachate, as well as total cumulative C and N fluxes (gases + leachate), were significantly reduced following severe soil frost. We conclude that the extent to which C and N cycling during snowmelt is altered in response to changes in winter climate depend on both the presence and severity of soil frost. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Reinmann, Andrew B.; Templer, Pamela H.] Boston Univ, Dept Biol, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Campbell, John L.] US Forest Serv, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Reinmann, AB (reprint author), Boston Univ, Dept Biol, 5 Cummington St, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM reinmann@bu.edu OI Campbell, John/0000-0003-4956-1696 FU Andrew W. Mellon Foundation; USDA Forest Service; Northern Research Station; Northeastern States Research Cooperative (NSRC); National Science Foundation FX Funding for this research was provided by grants from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation and the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station and the Northeastern States Research Cooperative (NSRC), to P. Templer. We thank Alexandra Webster, Anne Socci, Elizabeth Corteselli, Stephanie Juice, and Trevor Toohey of Boston University and Jane Hislop and Jeffrey Merriam of the USDA Forest Service for their help with field and laboratory work. Ian Halm from the USDA Forest Service provided logistical support at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest. We appreciate the technical assistance and laboratory equipment provided by Robert Michener at the Boston University Stable Isotope Laboratory. This manuscript is a contribution of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study. Hubbard Brook is part of the Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) network, which is supported by the National Science Foundation. The Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Newtown Square, PA. NR 67 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 5 U2 57 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-0717 J9 SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM JI Soil Biol. Biochem. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 44 IS 1 BP 65 EP 74 DI 10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.08.018 PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 863YH UT WOS:000298203700009 ER PT J AU Sawhney, P Allen, C Reynolds, M Condon, B Slopek, R AF Sawhney, Paul Allen, Chuck Reynolds, Michael Condon, Brian Slopek, Ryan TI Effect of water pressure on absorbency of hydroentangled greige cotton non-woven fabrics SO TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE absorbent non-wovens; greige cotton lint; hydroentangled AB A greige (non-bleached) cotton lint was used to fabricate non-woven fabrics on a Fleissner MiniJet, using different water pressures for the fiber entanglements. The greige cotton and its hydroentangled non-woven fabrics were primarily tested for their hexane extracts (waxes) and water-soluble (sugars) contents using the AATCC TM97 Standard Extraction Test. Tests have shown that a water pressure of 125 Bar or higher almost totally removed the greige cotton's inherent hydrophobic waxes and water-soluble sugars. This discovery is a significant milestone in the development of greige cotton-based non-wovens because it could change the greige cotton's native hydrophobic character into a desirable hydrophilic character for many end-uses. In fact, the AATCC Test Method 79-2007 has confirmed that the greige cotton non-wovens fabricated with high water pressure of 125 Bar are absorbent, as indicated by the 1-second time or less it took for the water drop to completely diffuse onto the fabric surface. C1 [Sawhney, Paul; Allen, Chuck; Reynolds, Michael; Condon, Brian; Slopek, Ryan] SRRC ARS USDA, Cotton Chem & Utilizat Res Unit, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Sawhney, P (reprint author), SRRC ARS USDA, Cotton Chem & Utilizat Res Unit, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM ap.singh@ars.usda.gov NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0040-5175 J9 TEXT RES J JI Text. Res. J. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 82 IS 1 BP 21 EP 26 DI 10.1177/0040517511416276 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Textiles SC Materials Science GA 863RJ UT WOS:000298184800003 ER PT J AU Jenkins, MB Endale, DM Fisher, DS Adams, MP Lowrance, R Newton, GL Vellidis, G AF Jenkins, Michael B. Endale, Dinku M. Fisher, Dwight S. Adams, M. Paige Lowrance, Richard Newton, G. Larry Vellidis, George TI Survival dynamics of fecal bacteria in ponds in agricultural watersheds of the Piedmont and Coastal Plain of Georgia SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE E. coli 0157:H7; Fecal indicator bacteria; Natural disinfection; Ponds; Salmonella; Watersheds ID QUANTIFYING DILUTE CONCENTRATIONS; RESIDENCE TIME DISTRIBUTIONS; PROBABLE NUMBER METHODOLOGY; ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; SURFACE WATERS; RIVER WATER; QUALITY; SYSTEMS; MICROORGANISMS; REMOVAL AB Animal agriculture in watersheds produces manure bacteria that may contaminate surface waters and put public health at risk. We measured fecal indicator bacteria (commensal Escherichia coli and fecal enterococci) and manure pathogens (Salmonella and E. coli 0157:H7), and physical-chemical parameters in pond inflow, within pond, pond outflow, and pond sediments in three ponds in agricultural watersheds. Bishop Pond with perennial inflow and outflow is located in the Piedmont, and Ponds A and C with ephemeral inflow and outflow in the Coastal Plain of Georgia. Bromide and chloride tracer experiments at Bishop Pond reflected a residence time much greater than that estimated by two models, and indicated that complete mixing within Bishop Pond was never obtained. The long residence time meant that fecal bacteria were exposed to solar UV-radiation and microbial predation. At Bishop Pond outflow concentrations of fecal indicator bacteria were significantly less than inflow concentrations; such was not observed at Ponds A and C. Both Salmonella and E. coli 0157:H7 were measured when concomitant concentrations of commensal E. coli were below the criterion for surface water impairment indicating problems with the effectiveness of indicator organisms. Bishop Pond improved down stream water quality; whereas, Ponds A and C with ephemeral inflow and outflow and possibly greater nutrient concentrations within the two ponds appeared to be less effective in improving down stream water quality. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Jenkins, Michael B.; Endale, Dinku M.; Fisher, Dwight S.] ARS J Phil Campbell, USDA, Nat Resource Conservat Ctr, Watkinsville, GA 30677 USA. [Adams, M. Paige; Vellidis, George] Univ Georgia, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Lowrance, Richard] ARS, USDA, SE Watershed Res Lab, Tifton, GA USA. [Newton, G. Larry] Univ Georgia, Dept Anim Sci, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Jenkins, MB (reprint author), ARS J Phil Campbell, USDA, Nat Resource Conservat Ctr, Watkinsville, GA 30677 USA. EM michael.jenkins@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-CSREES NRI FX The authors are grateful for the expert technical support of Shaheen Humayoun, Stephen Norris, Anthony Dillard, Stephanie Steed, Jessica Sterling, Michael Martin, Gregory Surratt, Brooke Powell, Wynn Page, Debbie Coker, and Chris Clegg. This research was supported in part by a grant from the USDA-CSREES NRI Competitive Grants Program. NR 40 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 22 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD JAN 1 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 1 BP 176 EP 186 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2011.10.049 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 868ML UT WOS:000298527300018 PM 22088271 ER PT J AU Li, L Wang, XP Wang, LH Allison, RB AF Li, Li Wang, Xiping Wang, Lihai Allison, R. Bruce TI Acoustic tomography in relation to 2D ultrasonic velocity and hardness mappings SO WOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TREES; DECAY AB Acoustic tomography is an emerging nondestructive testing (NDT) technology for tree decay detection in both urban community and production forest. Many field studies have been conducted to assess the applicability and reliability of the technique in such applications. Although investigations into urban trees showed great success using acoustic tomography to detect moderate to severe internal decay within the trunk, detection of early stage of decay using such technology still constitutes a challenge. This study was aimed to evaluate the capability of acoustic tomography by determining the relationships between acoustic tomograms and two-dimensional mappings of ultrasonic properties and end-hardness of the trunk cross sections. A freshly cut black cherry (Prunus serotina) log was used to simulate a tree trunk and tested in the laboratory. Time-of-flight (TOF) acoustic tomography measurements were conducted at three different heights (10, 30, and 50 cm). A disk was then cut from each height and subjected to ultrasonic and mechanical evaluations. The results indicated that the acoustic shadows in the tomograms revealed internal structural defects that were at the same locations and in similar magnitudes as the wood property mappings of the disks. However, no good correlations were found between apparent acoustic velocity of the tomograms and the measured ultrasonic velocity and end-hardness of small cubic samples. This analysis indicates that TOF acoustic tomography lacks the sensitivity to low-velocity features of decayed areas and thus has limited capability in detecting early stages of decay in trees. C1 [Li, Li; Wang, Lihai] NE Forestry Univ, Coll Engn & Technol, Harbin 150040, Peoples R China. [Wang, Xiping] USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Allison, R. Bruce] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Wang, LH (reprint author), NE Forestry Univ, Coll Engn & Technol, 26 Hexing Rd, Harbin 150040, Peoples R China. EM lee812happy@yahoo.com FU China Scholarship Council FX This project was conducted under a cooperative research agreement among Northeast Forestry University, USDA Forest Products Laboratory, and University of Wisconsin-Madison. The financial support to Ms. Li Li in this research program was provided by the China Scholarship Council. We would like to thank William Nelson and James Gilbertson of USDA Forest Products Laboratory for providing assistance to our laboratory testing. NR 20 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0043-7719 J9 WOOD SCI TECHNOL JI Wood Sci. Technol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 46 IS 1-3 BP 551 EP 561 DI 10.1007/s00226-011-0426-y PG 11 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 874YA UT WOS:000298993100039 ER PT J AU Littell, JS Peterson, DL Millar, CI O'Halloran, KA AF Littell, Jeremy S. Peterson, David L. Millar, Constance I. O'Halloran, Kathy A. TI U.S. National Forests adapt to climate change through Science-Management partnerships SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article ID WESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; UNITED-STATES; SIERRA-NEVADA; OLYMPIC MOUNTAINS; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; VARIABILITY; CALIFORNIA; TRENDS; GROWTH; 20TH-CENTURY AB Developing appropriate management options for adapting to climate change is a new challenge for land managers, and integration of climate change concepts into operational management and planning on United States national forests is just starting. We established science-management partnerships on the Olympic National Forest (Washington) and Tahoe National Forest (California) in the first effort to develop adaptation options for specific national forests. We employed a focus group process in order to establish the scientific context necessary for understanding climate change and its anticipated effects, and to develop specific options for adapting to a warmer climate. Climate change scientists provided the scientific knowledge base on which adaptations could be based, and resource managers developed adaptation options based on their understanding of ecosystem structure, function, and management. General adaptation strategies developed by national forest managers include: (1) reduce vulnerability to anticipated climate-induced stress by increasing resilience at large spatial scales, (2) consider tradeoffs and conflicts that may affect adaptation success, (3) manage for realistic outcomes and prioritize treatments that facilitate adaptation to a warmer climate, (4) manage dynamically and experimentally, and (5) manage for structure and composition. Specific adaptation options include: (1) increase landscape diversity, (2) maintain biological diversity, (3) implement early detection/rapid response for exotic species and undesirable resource conditions, (4) treat large-scale disturbance as a management opportunity and integrate it in planning, (5) implement treatments that confer resilience at large spatial scales, (6) match engineering of infrastructure to expected future conditions, (7) promote education and awareness about climate change among resource staff and local publics, and (8) collaborate with a variety of partners on adaptation strategies and to promote ecoregional management. The process described here can quickly elicit a large amount of information relevant for adaptation to climate change, and can be emulated for other national forests, groups of national forests with similar resources, and other public lands. As adaptation options are iteratively generated for additional administrative units on public lands, management options can be compared, tested, and integrated into adaptive management. Science-based adaptation is imperative because increasing certainty about climate impacts and management outcomes may take decades. C1 [Littell, Jeremy S.] Univ Washington, JISAO CSES Climate Impacts Grp, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Peterson, David L.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. [Millar, Constance I.] US Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [O'Halloran, Kathy A.] US Forest Serv, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. RP Littell, JS (reprint author), Univ Washington, JISAO CSES Climate Impacts Grp, Box 355672, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM jlittell@u.washington.edu FU U.S. Forest Service Pacific Northwest and Pacific Southwest Research Stations; University of Washington Climate Impacts Group; Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) under NOAA [NA17RJ1232] FX We thank members of the natural resource staffs at Olympic and Tahoe National Forests for their expertise and input to discussions about adaptation to climate change. Robert Norheim assisted with figures. Funding was provided by the U.S. Forest Service Pacific Northwest and Pacific Southwest Research Stations, and by the University of Washington Climate Impacts Group. This publication is partially funded by the Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) under NOAA Cooperative Agreement No. NA17RJ1232, Contribution # 1864. NR 69 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 41 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD JAN PY 2012 VL 110 IS 1-2 BP 269 EP 296 DI 10.1007/s10584-011-0066-0 PG 28 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 859XY UT WOS:000297910300015 ER PT J AU Cooley, DM Galik, CS Holmes, TP Kousky, C Cooke, RM AF Cooley, David M. Galik, Christopher S. Holmes, Thomas P. Kousky, Carolyn Cooke, Roger M. TI Managing dependencies in forest offset projects: toward a more complete evaluation of reversal risk SO MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION STRATEGIES FOR GLOBAL CHANGE LA English DT Article DE Carbon offsets; Climate policy; Forestry; Natural disturbance; Risk ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; CARBON SEQUESTRATION; MANAGEMENT; INVESTMENTS; CREDITS; TIMBER; FIRES AB Although forest carbon offsets can play an important role in the implementation of comprehensive climate policy, they also face an inherent risk of reversal. If such risks are positively correlated across projects, it can affect the integrity of larger project portfolios and potentially the entire offsets program. Here, we discuss three types of risks that could affect forest offsets-fat tails, micro-correlation, and tail dependence-and provide examples of how they could present themselves in a forest offset context. Given these potential dependencies, we suggest several new risk management approaches that take into account dependencies in reversal risk across projects and which could help guard the climate integrity of an offsets program. We also argue that data collection be included as an integral part of any offsets program so that disturbance-related dependencies may be identified and managed as early and to the greatest extent possible. C1 [Cooley, David M.; Galik, Christopher S.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Inst Environm Policy Solut, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Holmes, Thomas P.] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Kousky, Carolyn; Cooke, Roger M.] Resources Future Inc, Washington, DC 20036 USA. RP Galik, CS (reprint author), Duke Univ, Nicholas Inst Environm Policy Solut, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM christopher.galik@duke.edu FU NSF [0960865] FX Support for the work of Carolyn Kousky and Roger Cooke on this paper was provided by NSF Grant # 0960865. The authors likewise appreciate the valuable feedback provided by two anonymous reviewers. NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1381-2386 J9 MITIG ADAPT STRAT GL JI Mitig. Adapt. Strateg. Glob. Chang. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 17 IS 1 BP 17 EP 24 DI 10.1007/s11027-011-9306-x PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 859EK UT WOS:000297858600002 ER PT J AU Park, J Bush, R Araman, P Horvath, L AF Park, Jonghun Bush, Robert Araman, Philip Horvath, Laszlo BA Anonymous BF Anonymous TI The Sustainability of Wood Pallets in the United States SO 18TH IAPRI WORLD PACKAGING CONFERENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th IAPRI World Conference on Packaging CY JUN 17-21, 2012 CL Calif Polytechn State Univ, Orfalea Coll Business, Packaging Program, San Luis Obispo, CA SP Int Assoc Packaging Res Inst, Lansmont, Innovated Packaging Co Inc, Packaging World, West, PTIS, Tobii, GREIF, Bay Cities, BEMIS, Anheuser Busch, Mitsubishi Electr, Ista, Corrugated Packaging Alliance, Morning Star, Fox Packaging, Packaging Fores Associates Inc, Mocon, Dow, Westpak Inc, Epson, Multisorb Technologies, Landsberg, Amcor HO Calif Polytechn State Univ, Orfalea Coll Business, Packaging Program DE Wood pallet; Sustainability; Reuse; Repair; Recovery AB Wood pallets are the predominant unit-load platform in North America and are essential to the efficient movement of unit loads through the supply chain. New wood pallet production in the U.S. during 2006 is estimated to be 441 million units. During the same year, 321 million recovered and remanufactured pallets were put back into service. Recovered pallet use has grown more rapidly than has new pallet use since 1995. By providing estimates of the volumes of wood used for pallet production in the U.S.; levels of recovery, reuse and recycling occurring in the pallet industry; and by estimating the number of pallets processed via various end-of-life scenarios the study reported here provides information essential to the understanding of the sustainability of wood pallets and to the completion of comprehensive life-cycle analyses. C1 [Park, Jonghun; Bush, Robert; Horvath, Laszlo] Virginia Tech, Dept Sustainable Biomat, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. [Araman, Philip] USDA, Forest Serv, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. RP Park, J (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Sustainable Biomat, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU DESTECH PUBLICATIONS, INC PI LANCASTER PA 439 DUKE STREET, LANCASTER, PA 17602-4967 USA BN 978-1-60595-084-6 PY 2012 BP 66 EP 70 PG 5 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Manufacturing; Operations Research & Management Science; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science; Materials Science GA BC3SR UT WOS:000351916500010 ER PT S AU Yao, HB Hruska, Z Kincaid, R Brown, RL Bhatnagar, D Cleveland, TE AF Yao, Haibo Hruska, Zuzana Kincaid, Russell Brown, Robert L. Bhatnagar, Deepak Cleveland, Thomas E. GP IEEE TI SVM-BASED FEATURE EXTRACTION AND CLASSIFICATION OF AFLATOXIN CONTAMINATED CORN USING FLUORESCENCE HYPERSPECTRAL DATA SO 2012 4TH WORKSHOP ON HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGE AND SIGNAL PROCESSING (WHISPERS) SE Workshop on Hyperspectral Image and Signal Processing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Workshop on Hyperspectral Image and Signal Processing - Evolution in Remote Sensing (WHISPERS) CY JUN 04-07, 2012 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP IEEE Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, HySpex, ASD, EXELIS, Itres, Golden Way Sci, ESRI, NBL DE Support Vector Machine; Genetic Algorithm; Fluorescence Hyperspectral Image; aflatoxin ID SYSTEM AB Support Vector Machine (SVM) was used in the Genetic Algorithms (GA) process to select and classify a subset of hyperspectral image bands. The method was applied to fluorescence hyperspectral data for the detection of aflatoxin contamination in Aspergillus flavus infected single corn kernels. In the band selection process, the training sample classification accuracy was used as fitness function. Two aflatoxin thresholds, 20 ppb and 100 ppb, were used to divide the single corn kernels into clean and contaminated samples. The validation accuracy was 87.7% for the 20 ppb threshold and 90.5% for the 100 ppb threshold. The results were generated from the GA selected 36 bands and 1 1 bands, respectively. Compared to the full wavelength classification, the subset of image bands had slightly better or similar performance. A reduced image space could save time both in spectral data acquisition and analysis, which is crucial in the development of rapid and none invasive methods for contamination detection. C1 [Yao, Haibo; Hruska, Zuzana; Kincaid, Russell] Mississippi State Univ, Geosyst Res Inst, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Brown, Robert L.; Bhatnagar, Deepak; Cleveland, Thomas E.] So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, ARS, New Orleans, LA USA. RP Yao, HB (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Geosyst Res Inst, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. FU USDA [58-6435-3-121] FX Funding for the current project was provided through the USDA Specific Cooperative Agreement No. 58-6435-3-121. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2158-6268 BN 978-1-4799-3406-5 J9 WORK HYPERSP IMAG PY 2012 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA BB7MO UT WOS:000345747000014 ER PT S AU Nagchaudhuri, A Mitra, M Teays, TJ Daughtry, CST Schwarz, JG Marsh, L AF Nagchaudhuri, Abhijit Mitra, Madhumi Teays, Terry John Daughtry, Craig S. T. Schwarz, Jurgen G. Marsh, Lurline GP ASEE TI UMES STEM FACULTY, STUDENTS, AND STAFF COLLABORATE TO ADDRESS CONTEMPORARY ISSUES RELATED TO ENERGY, ENVIRONMENT, AND SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE SO 2012 ASEE ANNUAL CONFERENCE SE ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASEE Annual Conference CY JUN 10-13, 2012 CL San Antonio, TX SP ASEE ID BIODIESEL AB "The Bio-Fuel, Sustainability, and Geospatial Information Technologies to Enhance Experiential Learning Paradigm for Precision Agriculture Project", recently funded by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) extends the environmental stewardship archetype of the preceding project titled "Environmentally Conscious Precision Agriculture: A Platform for Active Learning and Community Engagement" (completed in September 2011). The initial phase of the project to demonstrate the production of biodiesel using waste vegetable oil (WVO) from campus dining services has been successfully executed by a team of UMES students. Under the supervision of the project leaders, the students have worked in teams to collect, dewater, and filter the WVO; supported the acquisition of supplies and installation of the biodiesel processor; performed necessary titration and laboratory tests on the WVO to determine appropriate amounts of chemicals (sodium hydroxide, methanol, and sulfuric acid) to be used with a batch of WVO in the processor for the esterification and transesterification reactions; and operated and monitored the 48 hour biodiesel production and washing cycle of the processor. Besides biodiesel the process produces glycerin as byproduct. The glycerin has been used to produce soap successfully by the students. Students have also tested, gelling. tendency of different blends of biodiesel and are currently working with the UMES farm manager to identify and appropriately modify farm equipment for biodiesel use. Students are also working with the university safety office to refine safety considerations to comply with OSHA and municipality requirements. Students will be involved in managing broader logistics of scheduling the processor operation for biodiesel production and utilization, based on needs of the farm equipment. The project team plans to refine the processing of glycerin byproduct to improve the aesthetics, fragrance, and other qualitative parameters of the soap so that they may sell it for possible fund-raising efforts for selected student organizations. C1 [Nagchaudhuri, Abhijit] Univ Maryland Eastern Shore, Dept Engn & Aviat Sci, Princess Anne, MD USA. [Mitra, Madhumi; Schwarz, Jurgen G.] Univ Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD USA. [Teays, Terry John] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Daughtry, Craig S. T.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Schwarz, Jurgen G.] Univ Maryland Eastern Shore, Sch Agr & Nat Sci, Princess Anne, MD USA. RP Nagchaudhuri, A (reprint author), Univ Maryland Eastern Shore, Dept Engn & Aviat Sci, Princess Anne, MD USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ENGINEERING EDUCATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1818 N STREET, NW SUITE 600, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2153-5965 J9 ASEE ANNU CONF EXPO PY 2012 PG 8 WC Education & Educational Research; Education, Scientific Disciplines; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Engineering GA BF1AU UT WOS:000380253704048 ER PT S AU Wang, YH Lan, YB Lian, JA Cui, SX AF Wang, Yonghui Lan, Yubin Lian, Jian-ao Cui, Suxia GP ASEE TI BROADEN ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY STUDENTS' KNOWLEDGE THROUGH HANDS-ON WITH MOTION ROBOTICS SO 2012 ASEE ANNUAL CONFERENCE SE ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASEE Annual Conference CY JUN 10-13, 2012 CL San Antonio, TX SP ASEE AB The skills and knowledge that employers value most are not always well-aligned with undergraduate engineering technology programs. With the support of a federal grant, we identify and propose to broaden the undergraduate student experience to include training in transferable skills with agricultural robotics technologies. With the advancement of information technology and control theory, agricultural robotics technology is becoming more advanced and more widely used in the labor intensive agricultural industry. Modern farming requires making increasingly complex scientific, business, and financial decisions, so qualified workers with advanced education/training in diversified technology background are highly demanded. Thus, it is extremely important for higher education institutions, especially minority serving universities, to offer appropriate education opportunities for students to prepare them adequately for their future career. As a relatively new discipline, Engineering Technology is the application of engineering principles and modern technology to help solve or prevent technical problems. The programs are designed to meet the growing need created by the technology revolution for college-educated problem solvers who can support the engineering process. Thus, the ET program is featured with its emphasis on hands-on skills training, to enable ET students to solve production and system implementation problems and help them explain solutions. Therefore, to prepare the students to meet the industry requirements in the job market, it is urgent to update the educational curriculum along with technology trend in the ET program. To better fulfill the departmental primary purpose to prepare students for a successful professional career in diversified technology fields, in the current phase of the project, an special topic class is offered to the Engineering Technology students. The course is featured with general introduction of agricultural robotics, theory and technology behind motion robotics, and hands-on experience with motion robotics. This paper introduces the current progress and implementation strategies on this course and discusses the future plan of the project in better aligning the goal of the department to that of the sponsoring agent. C1 [Wang, Yonghui] Prairie View A&M Univ, Dept Engn Technol, Prairie View, TX 77446 USA. [Lan, Yubin] USDA ARS, Aerial Applicat Technol Grp, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, College Stn, TX USA. [Lian, Jian-ao] Prairie View A&M Univ, Math, Prairie View, TX USA. [Cui, Suxia] Prairie View A&M Univ, Elect & Comp Engn Dept, Prairie View, TX USA. RP Wang, YH (reprint author), Prairie View A&M Univ, Dept Engn Technol, Prairie View, TX 77446 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ENGINEERING EDUCATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1818 N STREET, NW SUITE 600, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2153-5965 J9 ASEE ANNU CONF EXPO PY 2012 PG 9 WC Education & Educational Research; Education, Scientific Disciplines; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Engineering GA BF1AS UT WOS:000380250106063 ER PT S AU Boryan, CG Yang, ZW AF Boryan, Claire G. Yang, Zhengwei GP IEEE TI A new land cover classification based stratification method for area sampling frame construction SO 2012 FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AGRO-GEOINFORMATICS (AGRO-GEOINFORMATICS) SE International Conference on Agro-Geoinformatics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Conference on Agro-Geoinformatics (Agro-Geoinformatics) CY AUG 02-04, 2012 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP US Dept Agr, Shanghai City GIS Developing Co Ltd, Avantes China, USDA Natl Inst Food & Agr, IEEE Geosci & Remote Sensing Soc, USDA Natl Agr Stat Serv, Open Geospatial Consortium, Chinese Acad Agr Engn DE stratification; land cover; area sampling frame; primary sampling unit; CDL AB This paper proposes a new automated USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) Cropland Data Layer (CDL) based method for stratifying U.S. land cover. The proposed method is used to stratify the NASS state level Area Sampling Frames (ASFs) by automatically calculating percent cultivation at the Primary Sampling Unit (PSU) level based on the CDL data. The CDL based stratification experiment was successfully conducted for Oklahoma, Ohio, Virginia, Georgia, and Arizona. The stratification accuracies of the traditional and new automated CDL stratification methods were compared based on 2010 June Area Survey (JAS) data. Experimental results indicated that the CDL based stratification method achieved higher accuracies in the intensively cropped areas while the traditional method achieved higher accuracies in low or non agricultural areas. The differences in the accuracies were statistically significant at a 95% confidence level. It is concluded that the CDL based stratification method will improve efficiency and reduce cost in NASS ASF construction, and improve the precision of NASS JAS estimates. C1 [Boryan, Claire G.; Yang, Zhengwei] Natl Agr Stat Serv, USDA, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Boryan, CG (reprint author), Natl Agr Stat Serv, USDA, 3521 Old Lee Highway,Room 305, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM Claire.Boryan@nass.usda.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2334-3168 BN 978-1-4673-2494-6 J9 INT CONF AGRO-GEOINF PY 2012 BP 639 EP 644 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Engineering; Remote Sensing GA BCZ34 UT WOS:000312156100129 ER PT B AU Fraley, SE Hall, MB Nennich, TD AF Fraley, S. E. Hall, M. B. Nennich, T. D. BE Eastridge, ML TI Effect of Dietary Potassium on Water Intake and Rumen Dynamics SO 21ST TRI-STATE DAIRY NUTRITION CONFERENCE 2012 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st Tri-State Dairy Nutrition Conference CY APR 24-25, 2012 CL Grand Wayne Ctr, Ft Wayne, IN SP Michigan State Univ, Purdue Univ, Ohio State Univ HO Grand Wayne Ctr C1 [Fraley, S. E.; Nennich, T. D.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Hall, M. B.] USDA ARS, Madison, WI USA. RP Fraley, SE (reprint author), Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY DEPT ANIMAL SCIENCE PI COLUMBUS PA 2029 FYFFE ROAD, COLUMBUS, OH 43210-1095 USA PY 2012 BP 139 EP 139 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA BF0UC UT WOS:000379448800019 ER PT S AU Berrios, JD AF Berrios, Jose De J. BE Maskan, M Altan, A TI Extrusion Processing of Main Commercial Legume Pulses SO Advances in Food Extrusion Technology SE Contemporary Food Engineering LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID BEANS PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS; CHICKPEA CICER-ARIETINUM; TWIN-SCREW EXTRUSION; HIGH STARCH FRACTIONS; SODIUM-BICARBONATE; SNACK FOOD; NUTRITIONAL PROPERTIES; DRY BEANS; CARBOHYDRATE-COMPOSITION; OLIGOSACCHARIDE CONTENT C1 USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Berrios, JD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. NR 74 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 6 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA SN 2155-336X BN 978-1-4398-1521-2; 978-1-4398-1520-5 J9 CONTEMP FOOD ENG JI Contemp. Food Eng. PY 2012 BP 209 EP 236 PG 28 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BD6LY UT WOS:000362364900011 ER PT S AU Onwulata, CI AF Onwulata, Charles I. BE Maskan, M Altan, A TI Thermal and Nonthermal Extrusion of Protein Products SO Advances in Food Extrusion Technology SE Contemporary Food Engineering LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID HEAT-INDUCED GELATION; WHEY PROTEINS; COLD DENATURATION; MILK-PROTEINS; HIGH-MOISTURE; FUNCTIONAL-PROPERTIES; BETA-LACTOGLOBULIN; FOOD PROTEINS; INDUCED GELS; MEAT ANALOG C1 ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Dairy Proc & Prod Res Unit, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Onwulata, CI (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Dairy Proc & Prod Res Unit, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. NR 92 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA SN 2155-336X BN 978-1-4398-1521-2; 978-1-4398-1520-5 J9 CONTEMP FOOD ENG JI Contemp. Food Eng. PY 2012 BP 275 EP 296 PG 22 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BD6LY UT WOS:000362364900014 ER PT J AU Rijavec, T Li, QB Dermastia, M Chourey, PS AF Rijavec, Tomaz Li, Qin-Bao Dermastia, Marina Chourey, Prem S. BE Montanaro, G Dichio, B TI Cytokinins and Their Possible Role in Seed Size and Seed Mass Determination in Maize SO ADVANCES IN SELECTED PLANT PHYSIOLOGY ASPECTS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PLANT-CELL CYCLE; ENDOGENOUS CYTOKININS; ENDOSPERM DEVELOPMENT; KERNEL DEVELOPMENT; GENE-EXPRESSION; O-GLUCOSYLATION; BIOSYNTHESIS; PEDICEL; GROWTH; GERMINATION C1 [Rijavec, Tomaz] Inst Phys Biol, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Li, Qin-Bao; Chourey, Prem S.] ARS, USDA, Gainesville, FL USA. [Dermastia, Marina] Natl Inst Biol, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Chourey, Prem S.] Univ Florida, Agron & Plant Pathol Dept, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Rijavec, T (reprint author), Inst Phys Biol, Ljubljana, Slovenia. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTECH EUROPE PI RIJEKA PA JANEZA TRDINE9, RIJEKA, 51000, CROATIA BN 978-953-51-0557-2 PY 2012 BP 293 EP 308 D2 10.5772/1874 PG 16 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA BG2JF UT WOS:000387424700014 ER PT B AU Kohlstadt, I AF Kohlstadt, Ingrid BE Kohlstadt, I TI Advancing Medicine with Food and Nutrients Second Edition Preface SO ADVANCING MEDICINE WITH FOOD AND NUTRIENTS, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Kohlstadt, Ingrid] Amer Coll Prevent Med, Washington, DC USA. [Kohlstadt, Ingrid] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Kohlstadt, Ingrid] Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD USA. [Kohlstadt, Ingrid] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kohlstadt, Ingrid] Indian Hlth Serv, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India. [Kohlstadt, Ingrid] Florida Orthoped Inst, Valrico, FL USA. [Kohlstadt, Ingrid] Johns Hopkins Weight Management Ctr, Baltimore, MD USA. [Kohlstadt, Ingrid] US FDA, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. [Kohlstadt, Ingrid] USDA, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-8774-5; 978-1-4398-8772-1 PY 2012 BP XIII EP XIV D2 10.1201/b13694 PG 2 WC Integrative & Complementary Medicine; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Integrative & Complementary Medicine; Nutrition & Dietetics GA BC5HE UT WOS:000353284300001 ER PT J AU Greene, SL Afonin, AA Dzyubenko, E Dzyubenko, N AF Greene, S. L. Afonin, A. A. Dzyubenko, E. Dzyubenko, N. BE Maxted, N Dulloo, ME FordLloyd, BV Frese, L Iriondo, JM DeCarvalho, MAAP TI Effective Conservation of Medicago Crop Wild Relatives in Russia and Neighbouring Countries: Gap Analysis Points the Way Forward SO AGROBIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION: SECURING THE DIVERSITY OF CROP WILD RELATIVES AND LANDRACES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium Towards the Establishment of Genetic Reserves for Crop Wild Relatives and Landraces in Europe CY SEP 13-17, 2010 CL Univ Madeira, Funchal, PORTUGAL HO Univ Madeira C1 [Greene, S. L.] ARS, USDA, 24106 N Bunn Rd, Prosser, WA 99352 USA. [Afonin, A. A.] Saint Petersburg State Univ, St Petersburg, Russia. [Dzyubenko, E.; Dzyubenko, N.] NI Vavilov All Russian Inst Plant Ind, St Petersburg, Russia. RP Greene, SL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 24106 N Bunn Rd, Prosser, WA 99352 USA. EM stephanie.greene@ars.usda.gov; acer737@gmail.com; n.dzyubenko@vir.nw.ru; elena.dzyubenko@gmail.com OI Afonin, Alexander/0000-0002-6433-8073 NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84593-851-2 PY 2012 BP 82 EP 90 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Biodiversity Conservation SC Agriculture; Biodiversity & Conservation GA BB6AM UT WOS:000344370500013 ER PT J AU Bliss, BJ Suzuki, JY AF Bliss, Barbara J. Suzuki, Jon Y. TI Genome size in Anthurium evaluated in the context of karyotypes and phenotypes SO AOB PLANTS LA English DT Article AB Background and aims Anthurium is an important horticultural crop from the family Araceae, order Alismatales, a lineage considered to have diverged from other monocots prior to the cereals. Genome size and its distribution in Anthurium were investigated to gain a basic understanding of genome organization in this large genus and to forge a firm foundation for advancement of molecular approaches for the study of Anthurium. Currently, genome size estimates have been reported for only two Anthurium samples. Methodology Bulk nuclear DNA content estimates were obtained by flow cell cytometry using leaf tissue collected from Anthurium species of different subgeneric groups and from commercial cultivars. The most current and well-supported topology of subgeneric, sectional relationships was applied to present genome size estimates in the context of reported chromosome counts, karyotypes, putative phylogenetic relationships, observed phenotypes and pedigree. Principal results Genome size estimates based on bulk nuclear DNA content for 77 accessions representing 34 species and 9 cultivars were obtained, including initial estimates for 33 Anthurium species, and both the smallest (Anthurium obtusum; Tetraspermium) and largest (Anthurium roseospadix; Calomystrium) Anthurium genome sizes reported to date. Genome size did not distinguish any subgeneric section, but ranged 5-fold (4.42-20.83 pg/2 C) despite consistent 2N = 30 chromosome counts. Intraspecies genome size variation >20% is reported for Anthurium ravenii, A. watermaliense and A. gracile. Conclusions Genome size estimates for Anthurium species spanning 13 recognized subgeneric sections indicate that genome size does not generally correlate with chromosome count or phylogenetic relationships. Mechanisms of genome expansion and contraction, including amplification and reduction of repetitive elements, polyploidy, chromosome reorganization/loss, may be involved in genome evolution in Anthurium as in other species. The new information on Anthurium genome sizes provides a platform for molecular studies supporting further research on genome evolution as well as cultivar development. C1 [Bliss, Barbara J.; Suzuki, Jon Y.] ARS, USDA, Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Suzuki, JY (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, 64 Nowelo St, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM jon.suzuki@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service FX This work was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service. NR 80 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 2041-2851 J9 AOB PLANTS JI Aob Plants PY 2012 AR pls006 DI 10.1093/aobpla/pls006 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V32PR UT WOS:000208963600001 ER PT J AU Kerr, BJ Shurson, GC Johnston, LJ Dozier, WA AF Kerr, Brian J. Shurson, Gerald C. Johnston, Lee J. Dozier, William A., III BE Montero, G Stoytcheva, M TI Utilization of Crude Glycerin in Nonruminants SO BIODIESEL - QUALITY, EMISSIONS AND BY-PRODUCTS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FREE FATTY-ACIDS; METABOLIZABLE ENERGY VALUE; GROWING-FINISHING PIGS; GROWTH-PERFORMANCE; METHANOL TOXICITY; BIODIESEL PRODUCTION; PORK QUALITY; MEAT QUALITY; LAYING HENS; DIETS C1 [Kerr, Brian J.] ARS, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Shurson, Gerald C.; Johnston, Lee J.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Dozier, William A., III] Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Kerr, BJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 65 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTECH EUROPE PI RIJEKA PA JANEZA TRDINE9, RIJEKA, 51000, CROATIA BN 978-953-307-784-0 PY 2012 BP 365 EP 380 PG 16 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BF9QO UT WOS:000385799400021 ER PT J AU Allen, BL Fleming, PJS Hayward, M Allen, LR Engeman, RM Ballard, G Leung, LKP AF Allen, Benjamin L. Fleming, Peter J. S. Hayward, Matt Allen, Lee R. Engeman, Richard M. Ballard, Guy Leung, Luke K-P. BE Lameed, GA TI Top-Predators as Biodiversity Regulators: Contemporary Issues Affecting Knowledge and Management of Dingoes in Australia SO BIODIVERSITY ENRICHMENT IN A DIVERSE WORLD LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID NEW-SOUTH-WALES; RABBIT HEMORRHAGIC-DISEASE; NORTH-WESTERN AUSTRALIA; PASSIVE TRACKING INDEX; TAILED ROCK-WALLABY; CANIS-LUPUS-DINGO; ARID AUSTRALIA; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; TANAMI-DESERT; INVASIVE MESOPREDATOR C1 [Allen, Benjamin L.; Leung, Luke K-P.] Univ Queensland, Sch Agr & Food Sci, Gatton, Qld, Australia. [Fleming, Peter J. S.] Dept Primary Ind, Vertebrate Pest Res Unit, Orange, NSW, Australia. [Hayward, Matt] Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Univ, Ctr African Conservat Ecol, Port Elizabeth, South Africa. [Hayward, Matt] Univ New South Wales, Sch Biol Earth & Environm Sci, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Allen, Lee R.] Biosecur Queensland, Robert Wicks Pest Anim Res Ctr, Toowoomba, Qld, Australia. [Engeman, Richard M.] USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Ballard, Guy] Dept Primary Ind, Vertebrate Pest Res Unit, Armidale, NSW, Australia. RP Allen, BL (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Sch Agr & Food Sci, Gatton, Qld, Australia. NR 260 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU INTECH EUROPE PI RIJEKA PA JANEZA TRDINE9, RIJEKA, 51000, CROATIA BN 978-953-51-0718-7 PY 2012 BP 85 EP 132 DI 10.5772/50246 D2 10.5772/3088 PG 48 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BF9ZX UT WOS:000386090000005 ER PT B AU Gese, EM Cooley, HS Knowlton, FF AF Gese, Eric M. Cooley, Hilary S. Knowlton, Frederick F. BE Boitani, L Powell, RA TI Designing a monitoring plan SO CARNIVORE ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION: A HANDBOOK OF TECHNIQUES SE Techniques in Ecology and Conservation Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Gese, Eric M.; Knowlton, Frederick F.] Utah State Univ, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Cooley, Hilary S.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Idaho Fish & Wildlife Off, Boise, ID 83709 USA. RP Gese, EM (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM eric.gese@usu.edu; hilarycooley@gmail.com; ffknowlton@msn.com RI Gese, Eric/B-4578-2011 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 198 MADISON AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 USA BN 978-0-19-955853-7; 978-0-19-177454-6; 978-0-19-955852-0 J9 TECH ECOL CONSERVAT PY 2012 BP 353 EP 361 D2 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199558520.001.0001 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Zoology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA BC8GZ UT WOS:000355680100017 ER PT J AU Sharma, RK Rai, DK Sharma, B AF Sharma, R. K. Rai, D. K. Sharma, B. TI IN-VITRO CARBOFURAN INDUCED MICRONUCLEUS FORMATION IN HUMAN BLOOD LYMPHOCYTES SO CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Carbofuran; DNA damage; Micronucleus assay; Human blood lymphocytes; cytokinesis block proliferation index (CBPI) ID GENOTOXICITY; ASSAY AB The farmers in general get exposed to different chemicals including pesticides. Many of these compounds are capable of inducing mutations in DNA and lead to several diseases including cancer. Carbofuran is a broad spectrum pesticide and frequently used in agricultural practices in India. In this study we intended to evaluate DNA damage inflicted by pesticide exposure in human blood lymphocytes under in vitro condition. The lymphocytes were exposed to varying concentrations of carbofuran (0-50 mu M) and analyzed by means of the micronucleus (MN) test. The results obtained showed significant increase in MN frequency after exposure to 5, 10, 25 and 50 mu M of carbofuran as compared to the control group. The frequencies of MN were observed to be in concentration dependent manner. As we further increase the concentration of carbofuran, we observed significant decrease in the mean percentage of binucleated cells (70-49%) and increase in the number of micronuclei formed per 1000 binucleated cells. Simultaneously, we also observed reduction in Cytokinesis-Block Proliferation index (CBPI) with increase in the carbofuran concentrations. The results indicate that this pesticide may exhibit genotoxic effect at higher concentrations. This study emphasizes the need to reinforce the good practices campaigns in order to enlighten those who work with pesticides and also to make them aware about the importance of using protective measures. C1 [Sharma, R. K.; Rai, D. K.; Sharma, B.] Univ Allahabad, Fac Sci, Dept Biochem, Allahabad 211002, Uttar Pradesh, India. [Rai, D. K.] ARS, Foreign Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. RP Sharma, B (reprint author), Univ Allahabad, Fac Sci, Dept Biochem, Allahabad 211002, Uttar Pradesh, India. EM sharmabi@yahoo.com FU University Grants Commission (UGC)-New Delhi FX RKS is grateful to the University Grants Commission (UGC)-New Delhi for providing financial support in the form of Research Fellowship for this work at the Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad-Allahabad, India. NR 46 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 3 PU C M B ASSOC PI POITIERS PA 40 AVENUE RECTEUR PINEAU, BAT MECANIQUE, 86022 POITIERS, FRANCE SN 0145-5680 EI 1165-158X J9 CELL MOL BIOL JI Cell. Mol. Biol. PY 2012 VL 58 IS 1 BP 128 EP 133 DI 10.1170/T931 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 258FZ UT WOS:000327446000020 PM 23273202 ER PT B AU Abrams, SA AF Abrams, Steven A. BE Duggan, CP Jaksic, T Gura, KM TI Osteopenia and Bone Health in Patients with Intestinal Failure SO CLINICAL MANAGEMENT OF INTESTINAL FAILURE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID TOTAL PARENTERAL-NUTRITION; BIRTH-WEIGHT INFANTS; VITAMIN-D DEFICIENCY; MINERAL CONTENT; ALKALINE-PHOSPHATASE; CALCIUM-ABSORPTION; ALUMINUM EXPOSURE; CHILDREN; DISEASE; METABOLISM C1 [Abrams, Steven A.] Texas Childrens Hosp, USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Abrams, Steven A.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Abrams, SA (reprint author), Texas Childrens Hosp, USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-1391-1; 978-1-4398-1390-4 PY 2012 BP 271 EP 281 PG 11 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA BD5BJ UT WOS:000361312900023 ER PT J AU Knothe, G AF Knothe, G. BE Sayigh, A TI Historical Perspectives on Biofuels SO COMPREHENSIVE RENEWABLE ENERGY, VOL 5: BIOMASS AND BIOFUEL PRODUCTION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 ARS, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Knothe, G (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-08-087873-7 PY 2012 BP 11 EP 14 DI 10.1016/B978-0-08-087872-0.00502-3 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA BA3KW UT WOS:000334337900002 ER PT J AU Levi, A Thies, JA Wechter, WP Kousik, C Ling, K Harrison, H Simmons, A Reddy, UK Nimmakayala, P Fei, Z Mitchell, S Xu, Y Tadmor, K Katzir, N AF Levi, A. Thies, J. A. Wechter, W. P. Kousik, C. Ling, K. Harrison, H. Simmons, A. Reddy, U. K. Nimmakayala, P. Fei, Z. Mitchell, S. Xu, Y. Tadmor, K. Katzir, N. BE Sari, N Solmaz, I Aras, V TI Exploiting genetic diversity in Citrullus spp. to enhance watermelon cultivars SO CUCURBITACEAE 2012: PROCEEDINGS OF THE XTH EUCARPIA MEETING ON GENETICS AND BREEDING OF CUCURBITACEAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th EUCARPIA Meeting on Genetics and Breeding of Cucurbitaceae CY OCT 15-18, 2012 CL Antalya, TURKEY SP European Assoc Res Plant Breeding, Cukurova Univ, Minis Food, Agr & Livestock, Turkish Sci & Technol Council, Antalya Tarim, Manier Seed, Yuksel Seed, Syngenta, AG Seed, Fito Seed, Multi Seed, Nunhems, Rijk Zwaan, Bati Akdeniz Agr Res Inst, Alata Hort Res Stat DE Citrullus; genotyping; HFO-TAG; SNP; markers; genome ID LANATUS LANDRACES; POWDERY MILDEW; RACE 2; RESISTANCE; MARKERS; GERMPLASM AB There is a continuous need to enhance watermelon cultivars for disease and pest resistance. U.S. Plant Introductions (PIs) representing the different groups of watermelon (Citrullus spp.), including the desert watermelon Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrader (CC), the "cow" or Tsamma watermelon Citrullus lanatus subsp. lanatus var. lanatus [also known as C. lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. et Nakai subsp. lanatus var. citroides (Bailey) Mansf. ex Greb.] (CLC), and Citrullus lanatus subsp. lanatus (CLL) are considered a useful source for enhancing disease or pest resistance in watermelon cultivars. However, the genetic relationships among these species and subspecies need further investigation. In this study, we examined genetic diversity among Citrullus spp. accessions representing CC, CLC, and CLL groups collected in their center of origin in Africa. High frequency oligonucleotides targeting active gene (HFO-TAG) primers were used in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) experiments to produce over 560 polymorphic markers among the Citrullus genotypes. Cluster and multidimensional scaling plot analysis produced distinct groups of CLC, CLL, and CC PIs. Several PIs that were designated as CLC or CLL were in transitional positions, indicating that they are the result of gene flow between the major Citrullus groups or subgroups. Population structure analysis indicated that CLC comprises two subgroups; each containing a set of unique alleles. Also, unique alleles exist in the CLL and the CC genotypes. The results here are consistent with our single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) results developed in our recent genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) study and our recent findings using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technology showing major differences in configuration of ribosomal DNA markers between the CLC and the CLL or CC genotypes. Overall, a wide genetic diversity exists among Citrullus spp. and different sources should be useful for enhancing disease or pest resistance in elite watermelon cultivars. C1 [Levi, A.; Thies, J. A.; Wechter, W. P.; Kousik, C.; Ling, K.; Harrison, H.; Simmons, A.] ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, 2700 Savannah Highway, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [Reddy, U. K.; Nimmakayala, P.] West Virginia State Univ, Douglass Land grant Inst, Dept Biol, Institute, WV 25112 USA. [Fei, Z.] Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Mitchell, S.] Cornell Univ, Inst Genom Div, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Xu, Y.] Natl Engn Res Ctr Vegetables, BAAFS, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Tadmor, K.; Katzir, N.] Newe Yaar Res Ctr, Agr Res Org ARO, IL-30095 Ramat Yishai, Israel. RP Levi, A (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, 2700 Savannah Highway, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CUKUROVA UNIV, FAC AGRICULTURE PI ADANA PA DEPT HORTICULTURE, ADANA, 00000, TURKEY BN 978-605-63297-0-8 PY 2012 BP 41 EP 48 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BB7KM UT WOS:000345687100002 ER PT J AU Dia, M Wehner, TC Hassell, R Price, DS Boyhan, GE Olson, S King, S Davis, AR Tolla, GE Bernier, J Juarez, B AF Dia, M. Wehner, T. C. Hassell, R. Price, D. S. Boyhan, G. E. Olson, S. King, S. Davis, A. R. Tolla, G. E. Bernier, J. Juarez, B. BE Sari, N Solmaz, I Aras, V TI Stability of fruit yield in watermelon genotypes tested in multiple US environments SO CUCURBITACEAE 2012: PROCEEDINGS OF THE XTH EUCARPIA MEETING ON GENETICS AND BREEDING OF CUCURBITACEAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th EUCARPIA Meeting on Genetics and Breeding of Cucurbitaceae CY OCT 15-18, 2012 CL Antalya, TURKEY SP European Assoc Res Plant Breeding, Cukurova Univ, Minis Food, Agr & Livestock, Turkish Sci & Technol Council, Antalya Tarim, Manier Seed, Yuksel Seed, Syngenta, AG Seed, Fito Seed, Multi Seed, Nunhems, Rijk Zwaan, Bati Akdeniz Agr Res Inst, Alata Hort Res Stat DE Watermelon; GxE interaction; yield stability ID GRAIN-YIELD; IMPROVEMENT; TRIALS AB Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus [Thumb.] Matsum & Nakai) is a valuable crop grown throughout southern and western United States (US). We were interested in identifying watermelon cultivars having high stability for fruit yield and yield components over diverse environments in the US. A set of 40 genotypes was tested over 3 years (2009, 2010, and 2011) at 8 locations across the southern US in replicated, multi-harvest trials. Yield traits were summed over harvests, and measured as marketable yield, fruit count, % cull fruit, % early fruit, and fruit size. The influences of years and locations on yield performance and genotypes with high stability for yield were identified. Four genotypes including, 'Fiesta F1', 'Stars-N-Stripes F1', 'Stone Mountain' and 'Calhoun Gray' had a high trait mean performance and high phenotypic stability. These four stable genotypes had high marketable yield, average fruit count, low % cull fruit, above average early yield, and medium fruit size. Inbreds 'Big Crimson' and 'Legacy' would be good lines for breeding for high yield and stability. C1 [Dia, M.; Wehner, T. C.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Hassell, R.] Clemson Univ, Coastal Res & Educ Ctr, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [Price, D. S.] Georgia Cty Extens, Cordele, GA 31015 USA. [Boyhan, G. E.] Univ Georgia, Dept Hort, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Olson, S.] Univ Florida, North Florida REC, Quincy, FL 32351 USA. [King, S.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Hort Sci, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Davis, A. R.] USDA ARS, Lane, OK 74555 USA. [Tolla, G. E.; Bernier, J.] Monsanto Seminis Veg Seeds, Woodland, CA 95695 USA. RP Wehner, TC (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM Todd_Wehner@ncsu.edu NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CUKUROVA UNIV, FAC AGRICULTURE PI ADANA PA DEPT HORTICULTURE, ADANA, 00000, TURKEY BN 978-605-63297-0-8 PY 2012 BP 84 EP 88 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BB7KM UT WOS:000345687100010 ER PT J AU McCreight, JD Coffey, MD Sedlakova, B Lebeda, A AF McCreight, J. D. Coffey, M. D. Sedlakova, B. Lebeda, A. BE Sari, N Solmaz, I Aras, V TI Cucurbit powdery mildew of melon incited by Podosphaera xanthii: Global and western US perspectives SO CUCURBITACEAE 2012: PROCEEDINGS OF THE XTH EUCARPIA MEETING ON GENETICS AND BREEDING OF CUCURBITACEAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th EUCARPIA Meeting on Genetics and Breeding of Cucurbitaceae CY OCT 15-18, 2012 CL Antalya, TURKEY SP European Assoc Res Plant Breeding, Cukurova Univ, Minis Food, Agr & Livestock, Turkish Sci & Technol Council, Antalya Tarim, Manier Seed, Yuksel Seed, Syngenta, AG Seed, Fito Seed, Multi Seed, Nunhems, Rijk Zwaan, Bati Akdeniz Agr Res Inst, Alata Hort Res Stat DE Cucumis melo; pathological race; physiological race; Sphaerotheca fuliginea ID SPHAEROTHECA-FULIGINEA; CAUSAL AGENT; RACE; RESISTANCE AB Cucurbit powdery mildew (CPM) is a major problem of melon (Cucumis melo L.) production worldwide, that is mostly caused by two fungi: Podosphaera xanthii (Px; formerly Sphaerotheca fuliginea) and Golovinomyces cichoracearum (DC) V.P. Heluta (Gc; formerly Erysiphe cichoracearum). The two species may co-infect in some areas of northern Europe, but Px dominates in warmer climates around the world. Forty-six races of Px have been reported on melon based on sets of race differentials that range in number from as few as two to as many as 28. The CPM research community and seed industry are undertaking steps to define uniform sets of CPM race differentials and objective criteria for race nomenclature and designations. Breeders and pathologists must also consider another aspect of CPM that stems from its obligate parasitic nature: race stability as defined by a given set of CPM race differentials. This review summarizes the reported races of Px largely from the published literature. It also presents annual profiles from 2002 through 2011 of Px populations in the Central and Imperial valleys of California, and Yuma, Arizona. It is suggested that a large fraction of the races are not relevant to most Px resistance breeding, which will be done on a regional basis for subsets of races. C1 [McCreight, J. D.] ARS, USDA, US Agr Res Stn, 1636 E Alisal St, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. [Coffey, M. D.] Univ Calif, Dept Plant Pathol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Sedlakova, B.; Lebeda, A.] Palacky Univ Olomouc, Dept Bot, Fac Sci, Olomouc, Czech Republic. RP McCreight, JD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Agr Res Stn, 1636 E Alisal St, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 12 PU CUKUROVA UNIV, FAC AGRICULTURE PI ADANA PA DEPT HORTICULTURE, ADANA, 00000, TURKEY BN 978-605-63297-0-8 PY 2012 BP 181 EP 189 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BB7KM UT WOS:000345687100021 ER PT J AU Thies, JA Ariss, JJ Hassell, RL Levi, A AF Thies, J. A. Ariss, J. J. Hassell, R. L. Levi, A. BE Sari, N Solmaz, I Aras, V TI Resistant rootstocks for managing root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne incognita) in grafted watermelon and melon SO CUCURBITACEAE 2012: PROCEEDINGS OF THE XTH EUCARPIA MEETING ON GENETICS AND BREEDING OF CUCURBITACEAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th EUCARPIA Meeting on Genetics and Breeding of Cucurbitaceae CY OCT 15-18, 2012 CL Antalya, TURKEY SP European Assoc Res Plant Breeding, Cukurova Univ, Minis Food, Agr & Livestock, Turkish Sci & Technol Council, Antalya Tarim, Manier Seed, Yuksel Seed, Syngenta, AG Seed, Fito Seed, Multi Seed, Nunhems, Rijk Zwaan, Bati Akdeniz Agr Res Inst, Alata Hort Res Stat DE Citrullus lanatus var. citroides; Cucumis metuliferus; African horned cucumber; wild watermelon; cucurbit; hybrid squash; tinda ID FUSARIUM-WILT; GERMPLASM AB Rootstock lines of wild watermelon (Citrullus lanatus subsp. lanatus var. citroides) with resistance to root-knot nematodes (RKN) were developed at the U.S. Vegetable Laboratory. Rootstock lines RKVL 301, RKVL 316, and RKVL 318 (RKVL = Root Knot Vegetable Laboratory) were compared to wild commercial cucurbit rootstocks and tinda (Praecitrullus fistulosus) for grafted seedless triploid watermelon (C. lanatus subsp. vulgaris var. vulgaris) 'Tri-X 313' in fields infested with southern RKN (Meloidogyne incognita) in Charleston, SC. RKVL wild watermelon rootstocks had lower (P<0.05) root galling (range: 9% to 16%) than non-grafted 'Tri-X 313' (41%), 'Emphasis' (86%), 'Strong Tosa' (99%), and wild tinda (96%) rootstocks. The RKVL 318 rootstock produced higher fruit yield (29.5 kg/plot of 6 plants) (P<0.05) than all other rootstocks (mean = 11.0 kg/plot), except for self-grafted 'Tri-X 313' watermelon (21.5 kg/plot). The three RKVL wild watermelon lines should be useful rootstocks for grafted watermelon, and useful germplasm sources for developing RKN-resistant watermelon breeding lines and cultivars. In greenhouse tests, we evaluated reaction of 23 commercial cucurbit rootstocks and germplasm accessions including African horned cucumber (Cucumis metuliferus), pumpkiny(Cucurbita moschata), hybrid squash (C. maxima x C. moschata), and melon. Melon, pumpkin, and squash exhibited the most severe root galling (range: 4.2-5.0 using a 1 to 5 rating scale where 1=no galls and 5=more than 80% of root system galled) in the greenhouse test. African horned cucumber was moderately resistant to susceptible (galling range 2.6-3.2). Several accessions of different cucurbit species were evaluated as rootstocks for grafted 'Athena' melon in a field infested with RKN (M. incognita) in Charleston, SC. All Cucurbita spp. and C. melo entries were highly susceptible to M. incognita in the field tests as evidenced by high numbers of M. incognita eggs in roots (up to 3600 eggs/gram fresh root). African horned cucumber rootstocks supported the lowest RKN reproduction. All rootstocks were compatible with the scion 'Athena' melon. Additional studies are underway for developing African horned cucumber rootstocks that could be useful for managing RKN in grafted melon. C1 [Thies, J. A.; Ariss, J. J.; Levi, A.] ARS, US Vegetable Lab, USDA, 2700 Savannah Highway, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [Hassell, R. L.] Clemson Univ, Coastal Res & Educ Ctr, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. RP Thies, JA (reprint author), ARS, US Vegetable Lab, USDA, 2700 Savannah Highway, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 9 PU CUKUROVA UNIV, FAC AGRICULTURE PI ADANA PA DEPT HORTICULTURE, ADANA, 00000, TURKEY BN 978-605-63297-0-8 PY 2012 BP 202 EP 211 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BB7KM UT WOS:000345687100024 ER PT J AU Dia, M Wehner, TC Hassell, R Price, DS Boyhan, GE Olson, S King, S Davis, AR Tolla, GE Bernier, J Juarez, B AF Dia, M. Wehner, T. C. Hassell, R. Price, D. S. Boyhan, G. E. Olson, S. King, S. Davis, A. R. Tolla, G. E. Bernier, J. Juarez, B. BE Sari, N Solmaz, I Aras, V TI Mega-environment identification for watermelon yield testing in the US SO CUCURBITACEAE 2012: PROCEEDINGS OF THE XTH EUCARPIA MEETING ON GENETICS AND BREEDING OF CUCURBITACEAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th EUCARPIA Meeting on Genetics and Breeding of Cucurbitaceae CY OCT 15-18, 2012 CL Antalya, TURKEY SP European Assoc Res Plant Breeding, Cukurova Univ, Minis Food, Agr & Livestock, Turkish Sci & Technol Council, Antalya Tarim, Manier Seed, Yuksel Seed, Syngenta, AG Seed, Fito Seed, Multi Seed, Nunhems, Rijk Zwaan, Bati Akdeniz Agr Res Inst, Alata Hort Res Stat DE Watermelon; yield and yield components; mega-environment ID BIPLOT ANALYSIS; TRIALS; GGE AB The concepts of target locations and mega-environments are important for identifying locations for use in multiple-environment cultivar trials. The objectives of our study were to study mega-environments, and identify test locations that were both discriminating among genotypes and representative of target regions for watermelon (Citrullus lanatus [Thumb.] Matsum & Nakai) fruit yield and yield components using GGE (genotype plus genotype x environment) biplot methodologies. Experiments were conducted in replicated, multiple-harvest trials for three years at eight locations. Two key locations, Quincy FL and Clinton NC were efficient representatives for the two mega-environments identified for marketable yield, fruit count, and % early fruit. College Station TX and Woodland CA represented one mega-environment, and Clinton NC represented a second for % cull fruit. The subdivision of major watermelon producing states for fruit size could not be justified. Identification of mega-environments for watermelon in the southern US has implications for future breeding and genotype evaluation in the US, including the use of specialized genotypes for the mega-environments identified to achieve optimum adaptation. C1 [Dia, M.; Wehner, T. C.] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Hassell, R.] Clemson Univ, Coastal Res & Educ Ctr, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [Price, D. S.] Georgia Cty Extens, Cordele, GA 31015 USA. [Boyhan, G. E.] Univ Georgia, Dept Hort, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Olson, S.] Univ Florida, North Florida REC, Quincy, FL 32351 USA. [King, S.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Hort Sci, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Davis, A. R.] USDA ARS, Lane, OK 74555 USA. [Tolla, G. E.; Bernier, J.] Monsanto Seminis Veg Seeds, Woodland, CA 95695 USA. [Juarez, B.] Monsanto Seminis Veg Seeds, Woodland, CA 95776 USA. RP Wehner, TC (reprint author), North Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM Todd_Wehner@ncsu.edu FU North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC FX The authors would like to thank for assistance and support with field and laboratory experiments provided by Ms. Tammy L. Ellington at the North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CUKUROVA UNIV, FAC AGRICULTURE PI ADANA PA DEPT HORTICULTURE, ADANA, 00000, TURKEY BN 978-605-63297-0-8 PY 2012 BP 385 EP 390 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BB7KM UT WOS:000345687100050 ER PT B AU Culpepper, T Ukhanova, M Baer, DJ Kanahori, S Okuma, K Tagami, H Gordon, DT Mai, V AF Culpepper, Tyler Ukhanova, Maria Baer, David J. Kanahori, Sumiko Okuma, Kazuhiro Tagami, Hiroyuki Gordon, Dennis T. Mai, Volker BE Cho, SS Almeida, N TI Fecal Microbiota Composition Is Affected by Resistant Maltodextrin, and Bifidobacteria Counts Correlate with Energy Gain SO DIETARY FIBER AND HEALTH LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; HUMAN FECES; OLIGONUCLEOTIDE PROBES; BACTERIA; SAMPLES; ENUMERATION; SEQUENCE; OBESITY; HUMANS C1 [Culpepper, Tyler; Ukhanova, Maria; Mai, Volker] Univ Florida, Emerging Pathogens Inst, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Baer, David J.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD USA. [Kanahori, Sumiko; Okuma, Kazuhiro; Tagami, Hiroyuki; Gordon, Dennis T.] Matsutani Chem Ind Co Ltd, Itami, Hyogo, Japan. RP Culpepper, T (reprint author), Univ Florida, Emerging Pathogens Inst, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-9937-3; 978-1-4398-9929-8 PY 2012 BP 269 EP 278 D2 10.1201/b12156 PG 10 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA BC4WU UT WOS:000352984500020 ER PT B AU Thompson, JA Nauman, TW Odgers, NP Libohova, Z Hempel, JW AF Thompson, J. A. Nauman, T. W. Odgers, N. P. Libohova, Z. Hempel, J. W. BE Minasny, B Malone, BP McBratney, AB TI Harmonization of legacy soil maps in North America: Status, trends, and implications for digital soil mapping efforts SO DIGITAL SOIL ASSESSMENTS AND BEYOND LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th Global Workshop on Digital Soil Mapping CY APR 10-13, 2012 CL Sydney, AUSTRALIA SP Univ Sydney, Soil Sci Australia, State Govt Victoria, Dept Primary Ind, Australian Collaborat Land Evaluat Program, NSW Govt, Off Environm & Heritage, CSIRO AB Use of soil property data in large regional to global models has highlighted some data artifacts in soil survey data in North America. There are often noticeable boundary differences between soil property value maps of adjacent survey areas, often done on a smaller governmental land-unit basis (e.g., US counties), and along international boundaries. Soil survey specialists have identified differences in map unit composition and inconsistencies in soil component property estimates as some potential causes to these discrepancies. These differences have been examined and even addressed in updates in very limited areas of North America, but there is still no standardized approach to the issue. As efforts to complete the initial national coverage of the Soil Survey Geographic (SSURGO) database are concluding around the US, the USDA-NRCS leadership has identified addressing SSURGO harmonization issues as a priority. Now, as this challenge is being tackled actively, questions arise regarding the goals of harmonization. In the US, SSURGO was not designed to be a soil property map; so as it is being modified to appear more seamless, the questions must be asked; How is the accuracy, precision, and uncertainty addressed in new maps? How can this data be used? Are there better digital soil mapping techniques out there for correcting these problems? Examples of these data discrepancies and possible corrective measures are presented to help provide context for discussion of harmonization. C1 [Thompson, J. A.; Nauman, T. W.; Odgers, N. P.] West Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Libohova, Z.; Hempel, J. W.] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Washington, DC USA. RP Thompson, JA (reprint author), West Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-0-203-10610-5; 978-0-415-62155-7 PY 2012 BP 97 EP 102 PG 6 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA BG9UL UT WOS:000393903300017 ER PT B AU Xiong, X Grunwald, S Myers, DB Kim, J Harris, WG Comerford, NB AF Xiong, X. Grunwald, S. Myers, D. B. Kim, J. Harris, W. G. Comerford, N. B. BE Minasny, B Malone, BP McBratney, AB TI Which covariates are needed for soil carbon models in Florida? SO DIGITAL SOIL ASSESSMENTS AND BEYOND LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th Global Workshop on Digital Soil Mapping CY APR 10-13, 2012 CL Sydney, AUSTRALIA SP Univ Sydney, Soil Sci Australia, State Govt Victoria, Dept Primary Ind, Australian Collaborat Land Evaluat Program, NSW Govt, Off Environm & Heritage, CSIRO ID CLASSIFICATION; SEQUESTRATION; SCALES AB In soil-landscape modeling, selection of optimal covariates has always been a critical question facing modelers. However, this topic has not been fully investigated. In this study a total of 1,192 soil samples in the topsoil (0-20 cm) across Florida were taken between 2008 and 2010 and a comprehensive pool of 212 environmental covariates covering all STEP-AWBH variables representing-S: soils, T: topography, E: ecology, P: parent materials, A: atmosphere/climate, W: water, B: biota, and H: human-were compiled. Data mining and machine learning techniques (Regression Tree, Bagged Regression Tree, Boosted Regression Tree, Random Forest and Support Vector Machine) were used to develop models to predict total soil carbon (TC) stocks. Results showed that soil-water properties, biota, human and parent material were the dominating factors controlling TC variation in Florida. A simplified Random Forest model with approximate 50 predictors performed comparable to the exhaustive model with all 212 predictors. C1 [Xiong, X.; Grunwald, S.; Kim, J.; Harris, W. G.] Univ Florida, Dept Soil & Water Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Myers, D. B.] USDA ARS, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Unit, Columbia, MO USA. [Comerford, N. B.] Univ Florida, North Florida Res & Educ Ctr, Quincy, FL USA. RP Xiong, X (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Soil & Water Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. FU USDA-CSREES-NRI grant [2007-35107-18368] FX This study was funded by USDA-CSREES-NRI grant award 2007-35107-18368 "Rapid Assessment and Trajectory Modeling of Changes in Soil Carbon across a Southeastern Landscape" (National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA)-Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (AFRI)). The authors would like to thank Aja Stoppe, Christopher Wade Ross, Samiah Moustafa, Lisa Stanley, Adriana Comerford, Xiaoling Dong, and Anne Quidez for their hard work in field soil sampling and lab analyses. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-0-203-10610-5; 978-0-415-62155-7 PY 2012 BP 109 EP 113 PG 5 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA BG9UL UT WOS:000393903300019 ER PT B AU Kim, J Grunwald, S Osborne, TZ Robbins, R Yamataki, H Rivero, RG AF Kim, J. Grunwald, S. Osborne, T. Z. Robbins, R. Yamataki, H. Rivero, R. G. BE Minasny, B Malone, BP McBratney, AB TI Spatial resolution effects of remote sensing images on digital soil models in aquatic ecosystems SO DIGITAL SOIL ASSESSMENTS AND BEYOND LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th Global Workshop on Digital Soil Mapping CY APR 10-13, 2012 CL Sydney, AUSTRALIA SP Univ Sydney, Soil Sci Australia, State Govt Victoria, Dept Primary Ind, Australian Collaborat Land Evaluat Program, NSW Govt, Off Environm & Heritage, CSIRO ID LEAF-AREA INDEX; VEGETATION INDEXES; EOS-MODIS; WATER; EVERGLADES; RETRIEVAL AB The incorporation of Remote Sensing (RS) data into digital soil models has shown success to improve soil predictions. However, the effects of multi-resolution imagery on modeling of biogeochemical soil properties in aquatic ecosystems are still poorly understood. The objectives of this study were to (i) develop prediction models for various soil properties (total phosphorus, nitrogen, and carbon) utilizing RS images and environmental ancillary data and (ii) elucidate the effect of different spatial resolutions of RS images on inferential modeling of soil properties in a subtropical wetland: Water Conservation Area-2A, the Florida Everglades, USA. Soil cores were collected (n = 108) from the top 10 cm. The spectral data and derived indices from remote sensing images, which have different spatial resolutions, included: MODIS (250 m), Landsat ETM+ (30 m), and SPOT (10 m). Block Kriging (BK) and Random Forests (RF) modeling approaches were compared using a leave-one-out cross-validation method. The RF using RS images derived input variables showed accurate prediction results (> 89%) when compared to BK. Results suggest that the spectral data derived from RS images can improve the predictive quality of soil properties in aquatic ecosystem. However, there was no noticeable distinction among different spatial resolutions of RS images to develop prediction models of soil properties. C1 [Kim, J.; Grunwald, S.; Osborne, T. Z.] Univ Florida, Soil & Water Sci Dept, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Robbins, R.; Yamataki, H.] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Washington, DC USA. [Rivero, R. G.] Everglades Fdn, Dept Sci, Palmetto Bay, FL USA. RP Kim, J (reprint author), Univ Florida, Soil & Water Sci Dept, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. FU Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Unit-Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) FX Funding for this project was provided by the Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Unit-Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). The SPOT image was donated by Planet Action. We would like to thank Greg Brannon, Martin Figueroa (NRCS), Steven "Matt" Norton (UF), and Kevin Ratkis for field sampling; and Tom Weber (NRCS) for coordination. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-0-203-10610-5; 978-0-415-62155-7 PY 2012 BP 121 EP 125 PG 5 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA BG9UL UT WOS:000393903300021 ER PT B AU Goodman, JM Owens, PR Libohova, Z AF Goodman, J. M. Owens, P. R. Libohova, Z. BE Minasny, B Malone, BP McBratney, AB TI Predicting soil organic carbon using mixed conceptual and geostatistical models SO DIGITAL SOIL ASSESSMENTS AND BEYOND LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th Global Workshop on Digital Soil Mapping CY APR 10-13, 2012 CL Sydney, AUSTRALIA SP Univ Sydney, Soil Sci Australia, State Govt Victoria, Dept Primary Ind, Australian Collaborat Land Evaluat Program, NSW Govt, Off Environm & Heritage, CSIRO AB Within the USDA Soil Survey, point observations made by field soil scientists were captured as soil class polygons. The research goal was to use soil class information, geostatistics and terrain attribute data to develop quantitative 5 m raster of soil organic carbon predictions. Point coordinates were extracted from the center point of each Soil Survey Geographic (SSURGO) Database map unit polygon (1: 15, 840) and assigned the corresponding surface Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) value under the assumption that the polygon center was the centroid of the map unit polygon. Ordinary kriging and Regression-Kriging (RK) was then performed using terrain attributes as covariates with the predictor variable of SOC. Validation was conducted based on 50 field sampled points. The results did not demonstrate a statistical difference between OK and RK estimates. Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), was found to be most strongly correlated with SSURGO SOC, R-2 = 0.33, and was utilized as an environmental covariate for the resulting RK map. C1 [Goodman, J. M.; Owens, P. R.] Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Libohova, Z.] NRCS, USDA, Natl Soil Survey Ctr, Lincoln, NE USA. RP Goodman, JM (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-0-203-10610-5; 978-0-415-62155-7 PY 2012 BP 155 EP 159 PG 5 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA BG9UL UT WOS:000393903300027 ER PT B AU Winzeler, HE Owens, PR Waltman, SW Libohova, Z Waltman, WJ AF Winzeler, H. E. Owens, P. R. Waltman, S. W. Libohova, Z. Waltman, W. J. BE Minasny, B Malone, BP McBratney, AB TI Soil climate indicators from the Geographically Explicit Newhall Simulation Model (GEN) as potential environmental covariates in digital soil mapping applications SO DIGITAL SOIL ASSESSMENTS AND BEYOND LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th Global Workshop on Digital Soil Mapping CY APR 10-13, 2012 CL Sydney, AUSTRALIA SP Univ Sydney, Soil Sci Australia, State Govt Victoria, Dept Primary Ind, Australian Collaborat Land Evaluat Program, NSW Govt, Off Environm & Heritage, CSIRO AB The Newhall Simulation Model (NSM) has been used by the U.S. Soil Survey and FAO to investigate soil climate. The model relies on assumptions about the role of precipitation and air temperature in determining soil moisture and temperature. Early concepts of soil climate in US Soil Taxonomy were built around estimating these values from climatic records, rather than from direct monitoring of the soil. The NSM was applied to weather station data and extrapolated to represent survey areas. Historic maps of soil climate were generated using expert tacit knowledge to interpolate between weather stations. With the availability of conterminous U.S. rasters of monthly precipitation and average air temperature, soil scientists can model regional soil climate. We developed a methodology for iteratively applying the Newhall Simulation Model to raster pixels to create continuous output for the conterminous U.S. of soil climate. The Geographically Explicit Newhall Simulation Model (GEN) gives output that includes soil climate taxonomic classes and biologically important variables such as estimated number of days per year the soil is moist and above 5 degrees C (biological windows). We present results of GEN output for conterminous U.S. to show the utility of NSM in providing soil covariates useful in DSM. Validation was undertaken by comparing GEN output to model runs from 5,002 weather stations with data from 1971-2000. A high level of agreement shows that the GEN output is a valid application of the Newhall Simulation Model and gives consistent results. C1 [Winzeler, H. E.; Owens, P. R.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Waltman, S. W.; Libohova, Z.] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Natl Soil Survey Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [Waltman, W. J.] West Virginia Univ, Geospatial Res Unit, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Winzeler, HE (reprint author), Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-0-203-10610-5; 978-0-415-62155-7 PY 2012 BP 167 EP 171 PG 5 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA BG9UL UT WOS:000393903300029 ER PT B AU Odgers, NP Thompson, JA Libohova, Z McBratney, AB AF Odgers, N. P. Thompson, J. A. Libohova, Z. McBratney, A. B. BE Minasny, B Malone, BP McBratney, AB TI Uncertainty estimation for weighted-means digital soil maps SO DIGITAL SOIL ASSESSMENTS AND BEYOND LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th Global Workshop on Digital Soil Mapping CY APR 10-13, 2012 CL Sydney, AUSTRALIA SP Univ Sydney, Soil Sci Australia, State Govt Victoria, Dept Primary Ind, Australian Collaborat Land Evaluat Program, NSW Govt, Off Environm & Heritage, CSIRO AB There is a growing realization of the need to provide estimates of uncertainty for digital soil property maps, especially because such maps are often based on legacy soil data collected over many years using different techniques. Techniques such as kriging or regression-kriging produce uncertainty estimates automatically, but they depend on having sufficient point observations available. This is not often the case, in which case the most pragmatic method of digital soil mapping is to generate weighted-means maps from soil property data tied to existing soil choropleth maps. There is a need, then, to develop methods of estimating the uncertainty of such weighted-means maps. We generated a weighted-means map of total clay content for a Major Land Resource Area (MLRA) in southern Indiana, United States, based on the Soil Survey Geographic Overlay (SSURGO) database. We then used a set of georeferenced point observations held in the U.S. National Soil Characterisation Database to calculate the absolute error between each point observation's total clay content and the weighted mean of total clay content for the map unit that the point observation was located in. We used regression-kriging to predict the absolute error across the MLRA, then compared this approach with the uncertainty obtained from traditional kriging and regression-kriging techniques. C1 [Odgers, N. P.; Thompson, J. A.] West Virginia Univ, Div Plant & Soil Sci, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Libohova, Z.] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Lincoln, NE USA. [McBratney, A. B.] Univ Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. RP Odgers, NP (reprint author), West Virginia Univ, Div Plant & Soil Sci, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-0-203-10610-5; 978-0-415-62155-7 PY 2012 BP 179 EP 184 PG 6 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA BG9UL UT WOS:000393903300031 ER PT B AU Nauman, TW Thompson, JA Odgers, NP Libohova, Z AF Nauman, T. W. Thompson, J. A. Odgers, N. P. Libohova, Z. BE Minasny, B Malone, BP McBratney, AB TI Fuzzy disaggregation of conventional soil maps using database knowledge extraction to produce soil property maps SO DIGITAL SOIL ASSESSMENTS AND BEYOND LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th Global Workshop on Digital Soil Mapping CY APR 10-13, 2012 CL Sydney, AUSTRALIA SP Univ Sydney, Soil Sci Australia, State Govt Victoria, Dept Primary Ind, Australian Collaborat Land Evaluat Program, NSW Govt, Off Environm & Heritage, CSIRO AB In efforts to create more detailed raster soil maps in areas with sparse point data, legacy conventional soil maps are often the main source of soil-landscape information. In the United States, the Soil Survey Geographic Database (SSURGO) is the most detailed conventional soil map. SSURGO often combines multiple soil types into one polygon, and lacks statistical design desirable for modeling. However, SSURGO does relate soil type ` components' to terrain positions, parent materials, and other soil forming factors which can provide a framework to disaggregate polygons into soil type maps. Expert rule sets and fuzzy membership methods were used to model SSURGO components spatially to produce continuous soil property maps. Efforts in West Virginia, USA resulted in seamless maps that produced more accurate watershed estimates of soil organic carbon, but lacked prediction ability in field scale maps of rock content and soil organic carbon. C1 [Nauman, T. W.; Thompson, J. A.; Odgers, N. P.] West Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Nauman, T. W.] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Geospatial Res Unit, Morgantown, WV USA. [Libohova, Z.] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Natl Soil Survey Ctr, Lincoln, NE USA. RP Nauman, TW (reprint author), West Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-0-203-10610-5; 978-0-415-62155-7 PY 2012 BP 203 EP 207 PG 5 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA BG9UL UT WOS:000393903300035 ER PT B AU Roudier, P Hewitt, AE Beaudette, DE AF Roudier, Pierre Hewitt, Allan E. Beaudette, Dylan E. BE Minasny, B Malone, BP McBratney, AB TI A conditioned Latin hypercube sampling algorithm incorporating operational constraints SO DIGITAL SOIL ASSESSMENTS AND BEYOND LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th Global Workshop on Digital Soil Mapping CY APR 10-13, 2012 CL Sydney, AUSTRALIA SP Univ Sydney, Soil Sci Australia, State Govt Victoria, Dept Primary Ind, Australian Collaborat Land Evaluat Program, NSW Govt, Off Environm & Heritage, CSIRO AB The conditioned Latin Hypercube Sampling (cLHS) method is a popular sampling allocation method within the digital soil mapping community, and allows soil practitioners to make use of existing information to produce an optimized sampling stratification. However, it often produces sampling schemes that are scattered around the landscape, resulting in plans that are costly to implement. This paper proposes to enhance the cLHS method by incorporating operational constraints into it, so that the output can be implemented in a cost-effective fashion. The cost of reaching each point in the landscape from the road network has been assessed using terrain and land cover attributes. This cost layer has then been used in the optimisation process of the cLHS algorithm to penalise the points that are difficult or impossible to reach in the field, and guide the sampling process towards schemes that are easier to implement operationaly. Results are illustrated using a real example in New Zealand. C1 [Roudier, Pierre; Hewitt, Allan E.] Manaaki Whenua, Landcare Res, Lincoln, New Zealand. [Beaudette, Dylan E.] USDA NRCS, Sonora, CA USA. RP Roudier, P (reprint author), Manaaki Whenua, Landcare Res, Lincoln, New Zealand. NR 8 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-0-203-10610-5; 978-0-415-62155-7 PY 2012 BP 227 EP 231 PG 5 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA BG9UL UT WOS:000393903300039 ER PT B AU Libohova, Z Wills, S Hempel, JW Odgers, NP Thompson, JA AF Libohova, Z. Wills, S. Hempel, J. W. Odgers, N. P. Thompson, J. A. BE Minasny, B Malone, BP McBratney, AB TI Using Pedotransfer functions for estimating soil pH and bulk density at regional scale SO DIGITAL SOIL ASSESSMENTS AND BEYOND LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th Global Workshop on Digital Soil Mapping CY APR 10-13, 2012 CL Sydney, AUSTRALIA SP Univ Sydney, Soil Sci Australia, State Govt Victoria, Dept Primary Ind, Australian Collaborat Land Evaluat Program, NSW Govt, Off Environm & Heritage, CSIRO AB Currently, there are no universal standard methods in global soil databases for determining bulk density (D-b) and pH. Such methods are needed for regional planning and modeling. The GlobalSoilMap. net initiative calls for the use of global standards to generate continuous maps for soil properties, including pH in 1: 5 soil to water (pH 1: 5(W)) and Oven-Dry Bulk Density (D-b). The US Soil Survey employs pH 1: 1 soil to water (pH 1: 1(W)) and pH 1: 2 soil to CaCl2 (0.01M) (pH 1: 2(CaCl2)). The D-b in State Soil Geographic Data Base (STATSGO2) is derived from both Pedo-Transfer Functions (PTFs) and measured point pedons. The objectives of this study were to (i) develop relationships for converting soil pH 1: 1(W)/1:2(Ca) to 1: 5(W); (ii) assess the use of D-b from STATSGO2 for mapping, and (iii) generate predictive maps of soil pH 1: 5(W) and D-b according to global standards. A linear regression equation was used to predict pH 1: 5(W) from STATSGO2 pH1: 1(W) published values. Both D-b and pH 1: 5(W) were predicted to standard depth increments (0-5, 5-15, 15-30, 30-60, 60-100, and 100-200 cm) using a published spline algorithm and weighted means of map component horizons and compared to measured pedon values. Pedon Db and weighted mean predictions from STATSGO2 were not significantly different. Splined predictions were significantly different from pedon Db at all depths. The use of PTFs facilitates the implementation of universal standard methods for soil pH and D-b; however PTFs and splining algorithms need further development to properly handle some legacy soil data bases. C1 [Libohova, Z.; Wills, S.; Hempel, J. W.] NRCS, Natl Soil Survey Ctr, USDA, Lincoln, NE 68508 USA. [Odgers, N. P.; Thompson, J. A.] West Virginia Univ, Geospatial Res Unit, Div Plant & Soil Sci, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Libohova, Z (reprint author), NRCS, Natl Soil Survey Ctr, USDA, Lincoln, NE 68508 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-0-203-10610-5; 978-0-415-62155-7 PY 2012 BP 313 EP 316 PG 4 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA BG9UL UT WOS:000393903300053 ER PT B AU Hempel, JW Libohova, Z Odgers, NP Thompson, JM Smith, SS Lelyk, GW AF Hempel, J. W. Libohova, Z. Odgers, N. P. Thompson, J. M. Smith, S. S. Lelyk, G. W. BE Minasny, B Malone, BP McBratney, AB TI Versioning of GlobalSoilMap.net raster property maps for the North American Node SO DIGITAL SOIL ASSESSMENTS AND BEYOND LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th Global Workshop on Digital Soil Mapping CY APR 10-13, 2012 CL Sydney, AUSTRALIA SP Univ Sydney, Soil Sci Australia, State Govt Victoria, Dept Primary Ind, Australian Collaborat Land Evaluat Program, NSW Govt, Off Environm & Heritage, CSIRO ID DEPTH FUNCTIONS AB The North American Node of the GlobalSoilMap.net consortium is composed of Canada, the United States and Mexico. Each country has abundant legacy soil map data at a variety of scales collected over multiple decades. Spatial soil information is provided as polygon maps at both coarse scales (Canada-Soil Landscapes of Canada-SLC-1:1,000,000; United States-State Soil Geographic Data Base-STATSGO2-1:250,000; Mexico-Carta Edafologica escala-1:250,000) and finer scales (Canada-Canada Land inventory-CLI-Detailed Soil Surveys-1:10,000-1:250,000; US-Soil Survey Geographic Database-SSURGO-1:12,0001:65,000; Mexico-Cartas Edafologicas registradas-1:50,000). Due to the diverse soil information related to different spatial and temporal scales as well as type and completeness and consistency of information, several versions have been suggested for development of raster soil property maps from soil polygon maps that will utilize both legacy data and digital mapping techniques and meet the standards and specifications of the GlobalSoilMap.net project. Each version will successively utilize data of increased detail to produce new rasterized. information, with the final product being a fully modeled continuous digital soil map. The versioning concept will allow for initial data to be produced in a time efficient manner with continual product improvement providing greater compliance to GlobalSoilMap.net specifications over time. C1 [Hempel, J. W.; Libohova, Z.] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Odgers, N. P.; Thompson, J. M.] West Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV USA. [Smith, S. S.; Lelyk, G. W.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. RP Hempel, JW (reprint author), Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-0-203-10610-5; 978-0-415-62155-7 PY 2012 BP 429 EP 433 PG 5 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA BG9UL UT WOS:000393903300073 ER PT B AU Rosentrater, KA Liu, KS AF Rosentrater, Kurt A. Liu, KeShun BE Liu, K Rosentrater, KA TI Toward a Scientific Understanding of DDGS SO DISTILLERS GRAINS: PRODUCTION, PROPERTIES, AND UTILIZATION LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Rosentrater, Kurt A.] ARS, North Cent Agr Res Lab, USDA, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. [Liu, KeShun] ARS, Natl Small Grains & Potato Germplasm Res Unit, USDA, Aberdeen, ID USA. RP Rosentrater, KA (reprint author), ARS, North Cent Agr Res Lab, USDA, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-1726-1; 978-1-4398-1725-4 PY 2012 BP 3 EP 5 PG 3 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA BC5CS UT WOS:000353169800002 ER PT B AU Rosentrater, KA AF Rosentrater, Kurt A. BE Liu, K Rosentrater, KA TI Overview of Fuel Ethanol Production and Distillers Grains SO DISTILLERS GRAINS: PRODUCTION, PROPERTIES, AND UTILIZATION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS; LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENT; LAND-USE CHANGE; NET ENERGY; CORN GRAIN; ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS; BIOFUEL PRODUCTION; WATER-RESOURCES; BIOETHANOL; FOOD C1 ARS, North Cent Agr Res Lab, USDA, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. RP Rosentrater, KA (reprint author), ARS, North Cent Agr Res Lab, USDA, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. NR 100 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-1726-1; 978-1-4398-1725-4 PY 2012 BP 7 EP 34 PG 28 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA BC5CS UT WOS:000353169800003 ER PT B AU Liu, KS Rosentrater, KA AF Liu, KeShun Rosentrater, Kurt A. BE Liu, K Rosentrater, KA TI DISTILLERS GRAINS Production, Properties, and Utilization Preface SO DISTILLERS GRAINS: PRODUCTION, PROPERTIES, AND UTILIZATION LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Liu, KeShun] ARS, Natl Small Grains & Potato Germplasm Res Unit, USDA, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Rosentrater, Kurt A.] ARS, North Cent Agr Res Lab, USDA, Brookings, SD USA. RP Liu, KS (reprint author), ARS, Natl Small Grains & Potato Germplasm Res Unit, USDA, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-1726-1; 978-1-4398-1725-4 PY 2012 BP XV EP XVI PG 2 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA BC5CS UT WOS:000353169800001 ER PT B AU Liu, KS AF Liu, KeShun BE Liu, K Rosentrater, KA TI Grain Structure and Composition SO DISTILLERS GRAINS: PRODUCTION, PROPERTIES, AND UTILIZATION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID MINERAL CONCENTRATIONS; DISTILLERS GRAINS; PROTEIN-CONTENT; DIETARY FIBER; CEREAL GRAIN; ETHANOL; STARCH; WHEAT; CORN; HYDROLYSIS C1 ARS, Natl Small Grains & Potato Germplasm Res Unit, USDA, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. RP Liu, KS (reprint author), ARS, Natl Small Grains & Potato Germplasm Res Unit, USDA, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. NR 61 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-1726-1; 978-1-4398-1725-4 PY 2012 BP 45 EP 71 PG 27 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA BC5CS UT WOS:000353169800005 ER PT B AU Rosentrater, KA Ileleji, K Johnston, DB AF Rosentrater, Kurt A. Ileleji, Klein Johnston, David B. BE Liu, K Rosentrater, KA TI Manufacturing of Fuel Ethanol and Distillers Grains-Current and Evolving Processes SO DISTILLERS GRAINS: PRODUCTION, PROPERTIES, AND UTILIZATION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID GRIND CORN PROCESSES; DRIED GRAINS; SOLUBLES DDGS; FERMENTATION CHARACTERISTICS; ENGINEERING PROCESS; DRY FRACTIONATION; GROUND CORN; COST MODEL; FIBER; GERM C1 [Rosentrater, Kurt A.] ARS, North Cent Agr Res Lab, USDA, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. [Ileleji, Klein] Purdue Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Johnston, David B.] ARS, Sustainable Biofuels & Coprod, Eastern Reg Res Inst, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA USA. RP Rosentrater, KA (reprint author), ARS, North Cent Agr Res Lab, USDA, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. NR 63 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-1726-1; 978-1-4398-1725-4 PY 2012 BP 73 EP 102 PG 30 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA BC5CS UT WOS:000353169800006 ER PT B AU Moreau, RA Nghiem, NP Rosentrater, KA Johnston, DB Hicks, KB AF Moreau, Robert A. Nghiem, Nhuan P. Rosentrater, Kurt A. Johnston, David B. Hicks, Kevin B. BE Liu, K Rosentrater, KA TI Ethanol Production from Starch-Rich Crops Other than Corn and the Composition and Value of the Resulting DDGS SO DISTILLERS GRAINS: PRODUCTION, PROPERTIES, AND UTILIZATION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID GRAVITY VHG FERMENTATION; DISTILLERS DRIED GRAINS; FUEL ALCOHOL PRODUCTION; HULLESS BARLEY; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; BY-PRODUCTS; RYE; TRITICALE; FRACTIONS C1 [Moreau, Robert A.; Nghiem, Nhuan P.; Johnston, David B.; Hicks, Kevin B.] ARS, Sustainable Biofuels & Coprod, Eastern Reg Res Inst, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Rosentrater, Kurt A.] ARS, North Cent Agr Res Lab, USDA, Brookings, SD USA. RP Moreau, RA (reprint author), ARS, Sustainable Biofuels & Coprod, Eastern Reg Res Inst, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. NR 64 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-1726-1; 978-1-4398-1725-4 PY 2012 BP 103 EP 117 PG 15 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA BC5CS UT WOS:000353169800007 ER PT B AU Rosentrater, KA AF Rosentrater, Kurt A. BE Liu, K Rosentrater, KA TI Physical Properties of DDGS SO DISTILLERS GRAINS: PRODUCTION, PROPERTIES, AND UTILIZATION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID DISTILLERS DRIED GRAINS; PARTICLE-SIZE DISTRIBUTION; FLOW PROPERTIES; SOLUBLES DDGS; MOISTURE CONTENTS; COLOR PROPERTIES; FOOD POWDERS; AMINO-ACID; FLOWABILITY; CORN C1 ARS, North Cent Agr Res Lab, USDA, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. RP Rosentrater, KA (reprint author), ARS, North Cent Agr Res Lab, USDA, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. NR 47 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-1726-1; 978-1-4398-1725-4 PY 2012 BP 121 EP 142 PG 22 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA BC5CS UT WOS:000353169800008 ER PT B AU Liu, KS AF Liu, KeShun BE Liu, K Rosentrater, KA TI Chemical Composition of DDGS SO DISTILLERS GRAINS: PRODUCTION, PROPERTIES, AND UTILIZATION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID DISTILLERS DRIED GRAINS; GRIND CORN PROCESSES; PARTICLE-SIZE DISTRIBUTION; TRUE METABOLIZABLE ENERGY; ETHANOL BY-PRODUCTS; SOLUBLES DDGS; GROWING PIGS; GROUND CORN; FERMENTATION CHARACTERISTICS; NUTRIENT DIGESTIBILITY C1 ARS, Natl Small Grains & Potato Germplasm Res Unit, USDA, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. RP Liu, KS (reprint author), ARS, Natl Small Grains & Potato Germplasm Res Unit, USDA, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. NR 88 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-1726-1; 978-1-4398-1725-4 PY 2012 BP 143 EP 178 PG 36 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA BC5CS UT WOS:000353169800009 ER PT B AU Winkler-Moser, JK AF Winkler-Moser, Jill K. BE Liu, K Rosentrater, KA TI Lipids in DDGS SO DISTILLERS GRAINS: PRODUCTION, PROPERTIES, AND UTILIZATION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID DISTILLERS DRIED GRAINS; CORN FIBER OIL; GRIND ETHANOL PROCESS; SOLUBLES DDGS; CHOLESTEROL ABSORPTION; QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS; SUPERCRITICAL CO2; VEGETABLE-OILS; EXTRACTION; SORGHUM C1 ARS, Food & Ind Oil Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Winkler-Moser, JK (reprint author), ARS, Food & Ind Oil Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. NR 85 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-1726-1; 978-1-4398-1725-4 PY 2012 BP 179 EP 191 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA BC5CS UT WOS:000353169800010 ER PT B AU Brown, ML Schaeffer, TW Rosentrater, KA Barnes, ME Muthukumarappan, K AF Brown, Michael L. Schaeffer, Travis W. Rosentrater, Kurt A. Barnes, Michael E. Muthukumarappan, K. BE Liu, K Rosentrater, KA TI Feeding DDGS to Finfish SO DISTILLERS GRAINS: PRODUCTION, PROPERTIES, AND UTILIZATION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; FINGERLING CHANNEL CATFISH; TILAPIA OREOCHROMIS-NILOTICUS; DISTILLERS DRIED GRAINS; JUVENILE HYBRID TILAPIA; SALMON SALMO-SALAR; PANTOTHENIC-ACID REQUIREMENT; ESSENTIAL FATTY-ACIDS; TWIN-SCREW EXTRUSION; ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL REQUIREMENT C1 [Brown, Michael L.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Wildlife & Fisheries Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Schaeffer, Travis W.] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Yankton, SD USA. [Rosentrater, Kurt A.] ARS, North Cent Agr Res Lab, USDA, Brookings, SD USA. [Barnes, Michael E.] McNenny State Fish Hatchery, South Dakota Dept Game Fish & Pk, Spearfish, SD USA. [Muthukumarappan, K.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. RP Brown, ML (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Dept Wildlife & Fisheries Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. NR 342 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-1726-1; 978-1-4398-1725-4 PY 2012 BP 341 EP 390 PG 50 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA BC5CS UT WOS:000353169800017 ER PT B AU Rosentrater, KA AF Rosentrater, Kurt A. BE Liu, K Rosentrater, KA TI Feeding DDGS to Other Animals SO DISTILLERS GRAINS: PRODUCTION, PROPERTIES, AND UTILIZATION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID DISTILLERS GRAINS; ETHANOL INDUSTRY; BY-PRODUCT; LAMBS; LEVEL; CORN; INGREDIENTS; PERFORMANCE; SUPPLEMENTS; QUALITY C1 ARS, North Cent Agr Res Lab, USDA, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. RP Rosentrater, KA (reprint author), ARS, North Cent Agr Res Lab, USDA, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-1726-1; 978-1-4398-1725-4 PY 2012 BP 391 EP 398 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA BC5CS UT WOS:000353169800018 ER PT B AU Rosentrater, KA AF Rosentrater, Kurt A. BE Liu, K Rosentrater, KA TI Using DDGS as a Food Ingredient SO DISTILLERS GRAINS: PRODUCTION, PROPERTIES, AND UTILIZATION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID DISTILLERS DRIED GRAINS; DIETARY FIBER INTAKE; WHITE WINTER-WHEAT; GLYCEMIC INDEX; SOLUBLES DDGS; INCORPORATING DISTILLERS; CONSUMER ACCEPTABILITY; ALCOHOL PRODUCTION; SENSORY EVALUATION; GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE C1 ARS, North Cent Agr Res Lab, USDA, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. RP Rosentrater, KA (reprint author), ARS, North Cent Agr Res Lab, USDA, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. NR 102 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-1726-1; 978-1-4398-1725-4 PY 2012 BP 399 EP 426 PG 28 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA BC5CS UT WOS:000353169800019 ER PT B AU DiOrio, NR Tatara, RA Rosentrater, KA Otieno, AW AF DiOrio, Nicholas R. Tatara, Robert A. Rosentrater, Kurt A. Otieno, Andrew W. BE Liu, K Rosentrater, KA TI Using DDGS in Industrial Materials SO DISTILLERS GRAINS: PRODUCTION, PROPERTIES, AND UTILIZATION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PHENOLIC RESIN; GRAINS; COMPOSITES C1 [DiOrio, Nicholas R.; Tatara, Robert A.; Otieno, Andrew W.] No Illinois Univ, Dept Technol, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Rosentrater, Kurt A.] ARS, North Cent Agr Res Lab, USDA, Brookings, SD USA. RP DiOrio, NR (reprint author), No Illinois Univ, Dept Technol, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-1726-1; 978-1-4398-1725-4 PY 2012 BP 429 EP 448 PG 20 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA BC5CS UT WOS:000353169800020 ER PT B AU Rosentrater, KA AF Rosentrater, Kurt A. BE Liu, K Rosentrater, KA TI Using DDGS as a Feedstock for Bioenergy via Thermochemical Conversion SO DISTILLERS GRAINS: PRODUCTION, PROPERTIES, AND UTILIZATION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID AIR-STEAM GASIFICATION; FLUIDIZED-BED; ETHANOL PLANTS; HEATING VALUE; DAIRY BIOMASS; PART 2; FUELS; PYROLYSIS; TEMPERATURE; ELECTRICITY C1 ARS, North Cent Agr Res Lab, USDA, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. RP Rosentrater, KA (reprint author), ARS, North Cent Agr Res Lab, USDA, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-1726-1; 978-1-4398-1725-4 PY 2012 BP 449 EP 463 PG 15 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA BC5CS UT WOS:000353169800021 ER PT B AU Haas, MJ AF Haas, Michael J. BE Liu, K Rosentrater, KA TI Extraction and Use of DDGS Lipids for Biodiesel Production SO DISTILLERS GRAINS: PRODUCTION, PROPERTIES, AND UTILIZATION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID IN-SITU ESTERIFICATION; RICE BRAN OIL; FATTY-ACID ESTERS; CATALYZED METHANOLYSIS; VEGETABLE-OILS; SUNFLOWER OIL; SEED OIL; TRANSESTERIFICATION; CORN; ETHANOL C1 ARS, Sustainable Biofuels & Coprod, Eastern Reg Res Inst, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Haas, MJ (reprint author), ARS, Sustainable Biofuels & Coprod, Eastern Reg Res Inst, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. NR 69 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-1726-1; 978-1-4398-1725-4 PY 2012 BP 487 EP 502 PG 16 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA BC5CS UT WOS:000353169800024 ER PT B AU Rosentrater, KA Liu, KS AF Rosentrater, Kurt A. Liu, KeShun BE Liu, K Rosentrater, KA TI Concluding Thoughts-Toward Increasing the Value and Utility of DDGS SO DISTILLERS GRAINS: PRODUCTION, PROPERTIES, AND UTILIZATION LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Rosentrater, Kurt A.] ARS, North Cent Agr Res Lab, USDA, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. [Liu, KeShun] ARS, Natl Small Grains & Potato Germplasm Res Unit, USDA, Aberdeen, ID USA. RP Rosentrater, KA (reprint author), ARS, North Cent Agr Res Lab, USDA, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-1726-1; 978-1-4398-1725-4 PY 2012 BP 529 EP 530 PG 2 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA BC5CS UT WOS:000353169800027 ER PT J AU Lovich, J Agha, M Meulblok, M Meyer, K Ennen, J Loughran, C Madrak, S Bjurlin, C AF Lovich, Jeff Agha, Mickey Meulblok, Meaghan Meyer, Kathie Ennen, Josh Loughran, Caleb Madrak, Sheila Bjurlin, Curtis TI Climatic variation affects clutch phenology in Agassiz's desert tortoise Gopherus agassizii SO ENDANGERED SPECIES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Climate; Desert tortoise; Clutch phenology; Degree days; Biofix AB There is concern about how climate change might affect Agassiz's desert tortoise Gopherus agassizii, a threatened species. We studied the effects of climatic variation on clutch phenology of a population at a wind energy generation facility for 7 field seasons between 1997 and 2011. Using X-radiography, we quantified the following phenophases based on the number of calendar days to each event from 1 January: appearance and disappearance of 65 first and 53 second clutches, and inter-clutch intervals between first and second clutches. Although third clutches were rare (n = 8), they were observed in 5 of 7 yr and were produced by 8 different females, all of which produced a third clutch only once during the study. Shelled eggs were visible from as early as 11 April to as late as 28 July, and the overall time span that eggs were visible differed among years. After controlling for maternal effects, we observed statistically significant inter-annual variation in all phenophases except for inter-clutch interval. Clutch appearance was late in cool years relative to warm years and especially late after 2 consecutive cool years. Using degree day (DD) methodology, we calculated DD accumulation during the post-hibernation and nesting season for each year. We then used DD estimates for mean date of first clutch appearance to predict the mean date of first clutch appearance in subsequent years with 1 to 10 d accuracy for all but 1 yr (1998) with El Nino conditions. Clutch phenology appears to be correlated with inter-annual variation in climate and may be influenced by climatic events in previous years. C1 [Lovich, Jeff; Agha, Mickey; Meulblok, Meaghan; Ennen, Josh; Loughran, Caleb; Madrak, Sheila] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Meyer, Kathie] US Forest Serv, Front Country Ranger Dist, San Bernardino Natl Forest, Lytle Creek, CA 92358 USA. [Bjurlin, Curtis] Stantec Consulting Serv Inc, Cottage Grove, WI 53527 USA. RP Lovich, J (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. EM jeffrey_lovich@usgs.gov OI Lovich, Jeffrey/0000-0002-7789-2831; Agha, Mickey/0000-0003-0961-8344 FU California Energy Commission-Public Interest Energy Research (PIER) Program; California Desert District Office of the Bureau of Land Management (BLM); Palm Springs-South Coast Field Office of BLM; Joshua Tree National Park FX Many people assisted us during the course of this study. Field support for this project was provided by interns from the Student Conservation Association, EarthWatch, and volunteers too numerous to list. Special thanks to Ramona Daniels, Rowland Griese, Mark Massar, and Gavin Wright for their long commitment to the support of our project. Al Muth kindly provided accommodations at the Philip L. Boyd Deep Canyon Research Center of the University of California, Riverside, during our research. Mart Westbrooks and Kip Madsen allowed us to use their veterinary facilities to process X-radiographs. Charlie Porter and Annette Burvick of the Flagstaff Medical Center also provided access to processing facilities. Retired US Geological Survey geologist Richard Hereford provided weather data. Research was supported by the California Energy Commission-Public Interest Energy Research (PIER) Program, California Desert District Office of the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), the Palm Springs-South Coast Field Office of BLM, and Joshua Tree National Park. Research was conducted under permits from the US Fish and Wildlife Service, California Department of Fish and Game, and the BLM. We are grateful to the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Northern Arizona University for reviewing and approving our research procedures. Earlier versions of the manuscript benefitted greatly from comments offered by Ken Nussear and Fred Janzen. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 64 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 3 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 1863-5407 EI 1613-4796 J9 ENDANGER SPECIES RES JI Endanger. Species Res. PY 2012 VL 19 IS 1 BP 63 EP 74 DI 10.3354/esr00463 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA V41RB UT WOS:000209562200007 ER PT J AU Campbell, BC Chan, KL Kim, JH AF Campbell, Bruce C. Chan, Kathleen L. Kim, Jong H. TI Chemosensitization as a means to augment commercial antifungal agents SO FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE mycoses; azoles; natural products; antimycotic resistance; MAPK; cell wall/membrane integrity AB Antimycotic chemosensitization and its mode of action are of growing interest. Currently, use of antifungal agents in agriculture and medicine has a number of obstacles. Foremost of these is development of resistance or cross-resistance to one or more antifungal agents. The generally high expense and negative impact, or side effects, associated with antifungal agents are two further issues of concern. Collectively, these problems are exacerbated by efforts to control resistant strains, which can evolve into a treadmill of higher dosages for longer periods. This cycle in turn, inflates cost of treatment, dramatically. A further problem is stagnation in development of new and effective antifungal agents, especially for treatment of human mycoses. Efforts to overcome some of these issues have involved using combinations of available antimycotics (e.g., combination therapy for invasive mycoses). However, this approach has had inconsistent success and is often associated with a marked increase in negative side effects. Chemosensitization by natural compounds to increase effectiveness of commercial antimycotics is a somewhat new approach to dealing with the aforementioned problems. The potential for safe natural products to improve antifungal activity has been observed for over three decades. Chemosensitizing agents possess antifungal activity, but at insufficient levels to serve as antimycotics, alone. Their main function is to disrupt fungal stress response, destabilize the structural integrity of cellular and vacuolar membranes or stimulate production of reactive oxygen species, augmenting oxidative stress and apoptosis. Use of safe chemosensitizing agents has potential benefit to both agriculture and medicine. When co-applied with a commercial antifungal agent, an additive or synergistic interaction may occur, augmenting antifungal efficacy. This augmentation, in turn, lowers effective dosages, costs, negative side effects and, in some cases, countermands resistance. C1 [Campbell, Bruce C.; Chan, Kathleen L.; Kim, Jong H.] Agr Res Serv, Plant Mycotoxin Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Campbell, BC (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, Plant Mycotoxin Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM bruce.campbell@ars.usda.gov NR 188 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 10 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-302X J9 FRONT MICROBIOL JI Front. Microbiol. PY 2012 VL 3 AR 79 DI 10.3389/fmicb.2012.00079 PG 20 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA V31DF UT WOS:000208863600133 PM 22393330 ER PT J AU Dzhavakhiya, V Shcherbakova, L Semina, Y Zhemchuzhina, N Campbell, B AF Dzhavakhiya, Vitaly Shcherbakova, Larisa Semina, Yulia Zhemchuzhina, Natalia Campbell, Bruce TI Chemosensitization of plant pathogenic fungi to agricultural fungicides SO FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE chemosensitization; plant pathogenic fungi; agricultural fungicides AB A common consequence of using agricultural fungicides is the development of resistance by fungal pathogens, which undermines reliability of fungicidal effectiveness. A potentially new strategy to aid in overcoming or minimizing this problem is enhancement of pathogen sensitivity to fungicides, or "chemosensitization." Chemosensitization can be accomplished by combining a commercial fungicide with a certain non- or marginally fungicidal substance at levels where, alone, neither compound would be effective. Chemosensitization decreases the probability of the pathogen developing resistance, reduces the toxic impact on the environment by lowering effective dosage levels of toxic fungicides, and improves efficacy of antifungal agents. The present study shows that the antifungal activity of azole and strobilurin fungicides can be significantly enhanced through their co-application with certain natural or synthetic products against several economically important plant pathogenic fungi. Quadris (azoxystrobin) combined with thymol at a non-fungitoxic concentration produced much higher growth inhibition of Bipolaris sorokiniana, Phoma glomerate, Alternaria sp. and Stagonospora nodorum than the fungicide alone. The effect of Dividend (difenoconazole) applied with thymol significantly enhanced antifungal activity against B. sorokiniana and S. nodorum. Folicur (tebuconazole) combined with 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (4-HBA), 2,3-dihydroxybenzaldehyde or thymol significantly inhibited growth of Alternaria alternate, at a much greater level than the fungicide alone. In addition, co-application of Folicur and 4-HBA resulted in a similar enhancement of antifungal activity against Fusarium culmorum. Lastly, we discovered that metabolites in the culture liquid of Fusarium sambucinum biocontrol isolate FS-94 also had chemosensitizing activity, increasing S. nodorum sensitivity to Folicur and Dividend. C1 [Dzhavakhiya, Vitaly; Semina, Yulia; Zhemchuzhina, Natalia] Russian Res Inst Phytopathol, Mol Biol Lab, Moscow, Russia. [Shcherbakova, Larisa] Russian Res Inst Phytopathol, Lab Physiol Plant Pathol, Moscow, Russia. [Campbell, Bruce] USDA ARS, Plant Mycotoxin Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA USA. RP Dzhavakhiya, V (reprint author), VNIIF, Russian Res Inst Phytopathol, Mol Biol Lab, B Vyazyomy 143050, Moscow Region, Russia. EM dzhavakhiya@yahoo.com RI Dzhavakhiya, Vitaly/P-6614-2014 OI Dzhavakhiya, Vitaly/0000-0001-8704-0512 FU U. S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service; International Science and Technology Center (ISTC) [3745]; Russian and American scientists FX This research was under project #3745 of the International Science and Technology Center (ISTC), a collaborative program between Russian and American scientists, funded by the U. S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. NR 31 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-302X J9 FRONT MICROBIOL JI Front. Microbiol. PY 2012 VL 3 AR 87 DI 10.3389/fmicb.2012.00087 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA V31DF UT WOS:000208863600141 PM 22408641 ER PT J AU Kim, JH Faria, NCG Martins, MDL Chan, KL Campbell, BC AF Kim, Jong H. Faria, Natalia C. G. Martins, M. De L. Chan, Kathleen L. Campbell, Bruce C. TI Enhancement of antimycotic activity of amphotericin B by targeting the oxidative stress response of Candida and Cryptococcus with natural dihydroxybenzaldehydes SO FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE amphotericin B; dihydroxybenzaldehydes; chemosensitization; Candida; Cryptococcus; antioxidant system; superoxide dismutase AB In addition to the fungal cellular membrane, the cellular antioxidant system can also be a viable target in the antifungal action of amphotericin B (AM B). Co-application of certain redox-potent natural compounds with AM B actually increases efficacy of the drug through chemosensitization. Some redox-potent chemosensitizers and AMB perturb common cellular targets, resulting in synergistic inhibition of fungal growth. Chemosensitizing activities of four redox-potent benzaldehydes were tested against clinical and reference strains of Candida albicans, C. krusei, C. tropicalis, and Cryptococcus neoformans in combination with AMB, based on assays outlined by the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. Two dihydroxybenzaldehydes (DHBAs), i.e., 2,3-DHBA and 2,5-DHBA, significantly enhanced activity of AMB against most strains, as measured by lower minimum inhibitory concentrations and/or minimum fungicidal concentrations (MFCs). A non-hydroxylated benzaldehyde, trans-cinnamaldehyde, showed chemosensitizing activity through lower MFCs, only. Contrastingly, a methoxylated benzaldehyde (3,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde) had no chemosensitizing activity, as all strains were hypertolerant to this compound. Bioassays using deletion mutants of the model yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, indicated DHBAs exerted their chemosensitizing activity by targeting mitochondrial superoxide dismutase. This targeting, in turn, disrupted the ability of the yeast strains to respond to AMB-induced oxidative stress. These in vitro results indicate that certain DHBAs are potent chemosensitizing agents to AMB through co-disruption of the oxidative stress response capacity of yeasts. Such redox-potent compounds show promise for enhancing AMB-based antifungal therapy for candidiasis and cryptococcosis. C1 [Kim, Jong H.; Chan, Kathleen L.; Campbell, Bruce C.] USDA, ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Plant Mycotoxin Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Faria, Natalia C. G.; Martins, M. De L.] Univ Nova Lisboa, Inst Higiene & Med Trop CREM, P-1200 Lisbon, Portugal. RP Campbell, BC (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Plant Mycotoxin Res Unit, Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM bruce.campbell@ars.usda.gov OI Martins, Maria da Luz/0000-0002-2471-2972 FU USDA-ARS CRIS Project [5325-42000-037-00D] FX This research was conducted under USDA-ARS CRIS Project 5325-42000-037-00D. NR 25 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 4 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-302X J9 FRONT MICROBIOL JI Front. Microbiol. PY 2012 VL 3 AR 261 DI 10.3389/fmicb.2012.00261 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA V31DF UT WOS:000208863600309 PM 22833742 ER PT J AU Kim, JH Chan, KL Faria, NCG Martins, MD Campbell, BC AF Kim, Jong H. Chan, Kathleen L. Faria, Natalia C. G. Martins, M. de L. Campbell, Bruce C. TI Targeting the oxidative stress response system of fungi with redox-potent chernosensitizing agents SO FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE amphotericin B; itraconazole; natural compounds; chemosensitization; Candida; Cryptococcus; Aspergillus; oxidative stress response AB The cellular antioxidant system is a target in the antifungal action of amphotericin B (AMB) and itraconazole (ITZ), in filamentous fungi. The sakA Delta mutant of Aspergillus fumigatus, a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MARK) gene deletion mutant in the antioxidant system, was found to be more sensitive to AMB or ITZ than other A. fumigatus strains, a wild type and a mpkC Delta mutant (a MARK gene deletion mutant in the polyalcohol sugar utilization system). Complete fungal kill (>= 99.9%) by ITZ or AMB was also achieved by much lower dosages for the sakA Delta mutant than for the other strains. It appears msnA, an Aspergillus ortholog to Saccharomyces cerevisiae MSN2 (encoding a stress-responsive C2H2-type zinc-finger regulator) and sakA and/or mpkC (upstream MAPKs) are in the same stress response network under tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BuOOH)-, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)- or AMB-triggered toxicity. Of note is that ITZ-sensitive yeast pathogens were also sensitive to t-BuOOH, showing a connection between ITZ sensitivity and antioxidant capacity of fungi. Enhanced antifungal activity of AMB or ITZ was achieved when these drugs were co-applied with redox-potent natural compounds, 2,3-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, thymol or salicylaldehyde, as chemosensitizing agents. We concluded that redox-potent compounds, which target the antioxidant system in fungi, possess a chemosensitizing capacity to enhance efficacy of conventional drugs. C1 [Kim, Jong H.; Chan, Kathleen L.; Campbell, Bruce C.] USDA ARS, Plant Mycotoxin Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Faria, Natalia C. G.; Martins, M. de L.] Univ Nova Lisboa, Inst Higiene & Med Trop, Ctr Recursos Microbiol, P-1200 Lisbon, Portugal. RP Campbell, BC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Plant Mycotoxin Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM bruce.campbell@ars.usda.gov RI Martins, Maria da Luz/I-3582-2012 OI Martins, Maria da Luz/0000-0002-2471-2972 FU USDA-ARS CRIS Project [5325-42000-037-00D] FX This research was conducted under USDA-ARS CRIS Project 5325-42000-037-00D. We thank Dr. Gregory S. May at The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, for providing Aspergillus fumigatus (AF293, sakA Delta and mpkC Delta mutants) strains. We also thank Dr. Perng-Kuang Chang at the Southern Regional Research Center, USDA-ARS, New Orleans, LA, USA, for providing A.flavus (CA14 and CA14msnA Delta mutant) strains. NR 46 TC 11 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-302X J9 FRONT MICROBIOL JI Front. Microbiol. PY 2012 VL 3 AR 88 DI 10.3389/fmicb.2012.00088 PG 11 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA V31DF UT WOS:000208863600142 PM 22438852 ER PT J AU de Leon, AAP Teel, PD Auclair, AN Messenger, MT Guerrero, FD Schuster, G Miller, RJ AF de Leon, Adalberto A. Pereez Teel, Pete D. Auclair, Allan N. Messenger, Matthew T. Guerrero, Felix D. Schuster, Greta Miller, Robert J. TI Integrated strategy for sustainable cattle fever tick eradication in USA is required to mitigate the impact of global change SO FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cattle; tick; babesiosis; integrated eradication; global change; climate; modeling; sustainability AB The ticks Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus and R. (B.) microplus, commonly known as cattle and southern cattle tick, respectively, impede the development and sustainability of livestock industries throughout tropical and other world regions. They affect animal productivity and wellbeing directly through their obligate blood-feeding habit and indirectly by serving as vectors of the infectious agents causing bovine babesiosis and anaplasmosis. The monumental scientific discovery of certain arthropod species as vectors of infectious agents is associated with the history of research on bovine babesiosis and R. annulatus. Together, R. microplus and R. annulatus are referred to as cattle fever ticks (CFT). Bovine babesiosis became a regulated foreign animal disease in the United States of America (U.S.) through efforts of the Cattle Fever Tick Eradication Program (CFTEP) established in 1906. The U.S. was declared free of CFT in 1943, with the exception of a permanent quarantine zone in south Texas along the border with Mexico. This achievement contributed greatly to the development and productivity of animal agriculture in the U.S. The permanent quarantine zone buffers CFT incursions from Mexico where both ticks and babesiosis are endemic. Until recently, the elimination of CFT outbreaks relied solely on the use of coumaphos, an organophosphate acaricide, in dipping vats or as a spray to treat livestock, or the vacation of pastures. However, ecological, societal, and economical changes are shifting the paradigm of systematically treating livestock to eradicate CFT Keeping the U.S. CFT-free is a critical animal health issue affecting the economic stability of livestock and wildlife enterprises. Here, we describe vulnerabilities associated with global change forces challenging the CFTEP. The concept of integrated CFT eradication is discussed in reference to global change. C1 [de Leon, Adalberto A. Pereez; Guerrero, Felix D.] USDA ARS, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. [Teel, Pete D.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Entomol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Auclair, Allan N.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Risk Anal Syst, USDA, Riverdale, MD USA. [Messenger, Matthew T.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Cattle Fever Tick Eradicat Program, USDA, Vet Serv, Riverdale, MD USA. [Schuster, Greta] Texas A&M Univ Kingsville, Dept Agr Agribusiness & Environm Sci, Kingsville, TX USA. [Miller, Robert J.] USDA ARS, Cattle Fever Tick Res Lab, Edinburg, TX USA. RP de Leon, AAP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, 2700 Fredericksburg Dr, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. EM beto.perezdeleon@ars.usda.gov FU NIFA [TEXR-2009-05759]; [6205-32000-031-00D]; [6205-32000-034-00D] FX Thanks to Sherri Brown and Helen Ramsey for outstanding editorial support and to Otto Strey for graphics support to create Figures 1A-C. Drs. Dan Strickman, John Goolsby, and Samuel Liu provided constructive comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. The research of Drs. Perez de Leon, Felix Guerrero, and Robert Miller is supported by appropriated funds for projects 6205-32000-031-00D and 6205-32000-034-00D. Dr. Schuster's research is funded in part through NIFA project TEXR-2009-05759. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Ms. Johanna Reichen with the Frontiers Production Office is gratefully acknowledged for expert production coordination. NR 167 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 6 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-042X J9 FRONT PHYSIOL JI Front. Physiol. PY 2012 VL 3 AR UNSP 195 DI 10.3389/fphys.2012.00195 PG 17 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA V35UH UT WOS:000209173000192 ER PT J AU Etcheverry, P Grusak, MA Fleige, LE AF Etcheverry, Paz Grusak, Michael A. Fleige, Lisa E. TI Application of in vitro bioaccessibility and bioavailability methods for calcium, carotenoids, folate, iron, magnesium polyphenols, zinc, and vitamins B-6, B-12, D, and E SO FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE in vitro methods; minerals; vitamins; bioaccessibility; bioavailability AB A review of in vitro bioaccessibility and bioavailability methods for polyphenols and selected nutrients is presented. The review focuses on in vitro solubility, dialyzability, the dynamic gastrointestinal model (TIM)TM, and Caco-2 cell models, the latter primarily for uptake and transport, and a discussion of how these methods have been applied to generate data for a range of nutrients, carotenoids, and polyphenols. Recommendations are given regarding which methods are most justified for answering bioaccessibility or bioavailability related questions for specific nutrients. The need for more validation studies in which in vivo results are compared to in vitro results is also discussed. C1 [Etcheverry, Paz; Grusak, Michael A.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Fleige, Lisa E.] PepsiCo, Global Res & Dev, Barrington, IL USA. RP Etcheverry, P (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM paze@bcm.edu NR 201 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 8 U2 39 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-042X J9 FRONT PHYSIOL JI Front. Physiol. PY 2012 VL 3 AR UNSP 317 DI 10.3389/fphys.2012.00317 PG 22 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA V35UH UT WOS:000209173000311 PM 22934067 ER PT J AU Ahsan, N Swatek, KN Zhang, JF Miernyk, JA Xu, D Thelen, JJ AF Ahsan, Nagib Swatek, Kirby N. Zhang, Jingfen Miernyk, Jan A. Xu, Dong Thelen, Jay J. TI "Scanning mutagenesis" of the amino acid sequences flanking phosphorylation site 1 of the mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase complex SO FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE KiC assay; mass specrometry; mitochondrial; phosphorylation site; pyruvate dehydrogenase complex; synthetic peptides AB The mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (mtPDC) is regulated by reversible seryl-phosphorylation of the E1 alpha subunit by a dedicated, intrinsic kinase. The phospho-complex is reactivated when dephosphorylated by an intrinsic PP2C-type protein phosphatase. Both the position of the phosphorylated Set residue and the sequences of the flanking amino acids are highly conserved. We have used the synthetic peptide-based kinase client (KiC) assay plus recombinant pyruvate dehydrogenase Hot and E1 alpha-kinase to perform "scanning mutagenesis" of the residues flanking the site of phosphorylation. Consistent with the results from "phylogenetic analysis" of the flanking sequences, the direct peptide based kinase assays tolerated very few changes. Even conservative changes such as Leu, Ile, or Val for Met, or Glu for Asp, gave very marked reductions in phosphorylation. Overall the results indicate that regulation of the mtPDC by reversible phosphorylation is an extreme example of multiple, interdependent instances of co-evolution. C1 [Ahsan, Nagib; Swatek, Kirby N.; Miernyk, Jan A.; Thelen, Jay J.] Univ Missouri, Dept Biochem, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Ahsan, Nagib; Swatek, Kirby N.; Zhang, Jingfen; Miernyk, Jan A.; Xu, Dong; Thelen, Jay J.] Univ Missouri, Interdisciplinary Plant Grp, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Zhang, Jingfen; Xu, Dong] Univ Missouri, Dept Comp Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Miernyk, Jan A.] Univ Missouri, ARS, USDA, Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Miernyk, JA (reprint author), Univ Missouri, ARS, USDA, Plant Genet Res Unit, 102 Curtis Hall, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM jan.miernyk@ars.usda.gov FU NSF; ILSI-Health Environmental Science Institute; USDA, Agricultural Research Service; Nichols Foundation FX Research in Jay J. Thelen's lab is supported by the NSF and ILSI-Health Environmental Science Institute, and in Jan A. Miernyk's lab by the USDA, Agricultural Research Service, NSF, and the Nichols Foundation. M. L. Johnston prepared Figures 1-3. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-462X J9 FRONT PLANT SCI JI Front. Plant Sci. PY 2012 VL 3 AR 153 DI 10.3389/fpls.2012.00153 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V30TI UT WOS:000208837900150 PM 22811682 ER PT J AU Carlisle, E Myers, S Raboy, V Bloom, A AF Carlisle, Eli Myers, Samuel Raboy, Victor Bloom, Arnold TI The effects of inorganic nitrogen form and CO2 concentration on wheat yield and nutrient accumulation and distribution SO FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE climate change; wheat; ammonium; nitrate; nutrients; grain; phytate; CO2 AB Inorganic N is available to plants from the soil as ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3-). We studied how wheat grown hydroponically to senescence in controlled environmental chambers is affected by N form (NH4+ vs. NO3-) and CO2 concentration ("subambient," "ambient," and "elevated") in terms of biomass, yield, and nutrient accumulation and partitioning. Wheat supplied with NH4+ as a sole N source had the strongest response to CO2 concentration. Plants exposed to subambient and ambient CO2 concentrations typically had the greatest biomass and nutrient accumulation under both N forms. In general NH4+-supplied plants had higher concentrations of total N, P K, S, Ca, Zn, Fe, and Cu, while NO3--supplied plants had higher concentrations of Mg, B, Mn, and NO3- - N. NH4+-supplied plants contained amounts of phytate similar to NO3--supplied plants but had higher bioavailable Zn, which could have consequences for human health. NH4+-supplied plants allocated more nutrients and biomass to aboveground tissues whereas NO3+-supplied plants allocated more nutrients to the roots. The two inorganic nitrogen forms influenced plant growth and nutrient status so distinctly that they should be treated as separate nutrients. Moreover, plant growth and nutrient status varied in a non-linear manner with atmospheric CO2 concentration. C1 [Carlisle, Eli; Bloom, Arnold] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Myers, Samuel] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Raboy, Victor] ARS, USDA, Aberdeen, ID USA. RP Carlisle, E (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM ecarlisle@ucdavis.edu FU NSF [IOS-08-18435]; National Research Initiative Competitive Grant from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2008-35100-04459] FX The authors would like to thank Kenneth Brown and Jan Peerson at the International Zinc Collaborative Group for providing access to their food balance sheet database which was used in calculating total dietary zinc and phytate values. We would also like to thank Hsien Easton for his advice and critical review of the manuscript. Finally we thank two anonymous reviewers for their critical reviews of the manuscript. This work was supported by NSF IOS-08-18435 and the National Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2008-35100-04459 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. NR 56 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 41 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-462X J9 FRONT PLANT SCI JI Front. Plant Sci. PY 2012 VL 3 AR 195 DI 10.3389/fpls.2012.00195 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V30TI UT WOS:000208837900192 PM 22969784 ER PT J AU Dosmann, M Groover, A AF Dosmann, Michael Groover, Andrew TI The importance of living botanical collections for plant biology and the "next generation" of evo-devo research SO FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE botanical gardens; genomics; plant developmental biology; next generation sequencing; outreach AB Living botanical collections include germplasm repositories, long-term experimental plantings, and botanical gardens. We present here a series of vignettes to illustrate the central role that living collections have played in plant biology research, including evo-devo research. Looking toward the future, living collections will become increasingly important in support of future evo-devo research. The driving force behind this trend is nucleic acid sequencing technologies, which are rapidly becoming more powerful and cost-effective, and which can be applied to virtually any species. This allows for more extensive sampling, including non-model organisms with unique biological features and plants from diverse phylogenetic positions. Importantly, a major challenge for sequencing-based evo-devo research is to identify, access, and propagate appropriate plant materials. We use a vignette of the ongoing 1,000 Transcriptomes project as an example of the challenges faced by such projects. We conclude by identifying some of the pinch points likely to be encountered by future evo-devo researchers, and how living collections can help address them. C1 [Dosmann, Michael] Arnold Arboretum Harvard Univ, Boston, MA USA. [Groover, Andrew] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Davis, CA USA. [Groover, Andrew] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Groover, A (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Berkeley, CA 94608 USA. EM agroover@fs.fed.us FU IMLS; USDA NIFA; DOE FX We thank Peter Endress, Paul Gepts, Neelima Sinha, and Doug Soltis for sharing experiences and insights concerning the use of living collections in their research. Curatorial work by Michael Dosmann is supported by competitive grants by IMLS, and research by Andrew Groover is supported by competitive grants from USDA NIFA and DOE. This work was inspired by the National Evolutionary Synthesis Center meeting "Evolutionary Origins and Development of Woody Plants," October 2011. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 11 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-462X J9 FRONT PLANT SCI JI Front. Plant Sci. PY 2012 VL 3 AR 137 DI 10.3389/fpls.2012.00137 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V30TI UT WOS:000208837900136 PM 22737158 ER PT J AU Oh, MH Clouse, SD Huber, SC AF Oh, Man-Ho Clouse, Steven D. Huber, Steven C. TI Tyrosine phosphorylation of the BRI1 receptor kinase occurs via a post-translational modification and is activated by the juxtamembrane domain SO FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE autophosphorylation; hierarchical phosphorylation; brassinosteroid signaling; signal transduction; juxtamembrane domain AB In metazoans, receptor kinases control many essential processes related to growth and development and response to the environment. The receptor kinases in plants and animals are structurally similar but evolutionarily distinct and thus while most animal receptor kinases are tyrosine kinases the plant receptor kinases are classified as serine/threonine kinases. One of the best studied plant receptor kinases is Brassinosteroid Insensitive 1 (BRI1), which functions in brassinosteroid signaling. Consistent with its classification, BRI1 was shown in early studies to autophosphorylate in vitro exclusively on serine and threonine residues and subsequently numerous specific phosphoserine and phosphothreonine sites were identified. However, several sites of tyrosine autophosphorylation have recently been identified establishing that BRI1 is a dual-specificity kinase. This raises the paradox that BRI1 contains phosphotyrosine but was only observed to autophosphorylate on serine and threonine sites. In the present study, we demonstrate that autophosphorylation on threonine and tyrosine (and presumably serine) residues is a post-translational modification, ruling out a co-translational mechanism that could explain the paradox. Moreover, we show that in general, autophosphorylation of the recombinant protein appears to be hierarchical and proceeds in the order: phosphoserine > phosphothreonine > phosphotyrosine. This may explain why tyrosine autophosphorylation was not observed in some studies. Finally, we also show that the juxtamembrane domain of BRI1 is an activator of the kinase domain, and that kinase specificity (serine/threonine versus tyrosine) can be affected by residues outside of the kinase domain. This may have implications for identification of signature motifs that distinguish serine/threonine kinases from dual-specificity kinases. C1 [Oh, Man-Ho; Huber, Steven C.] Univ Illinois, USDA, ARS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Oh, Man-Ho; Huber, Steven C.] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Clouse, Steven D.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Huber, SC (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, 1201 West Gregory Dr,197 ERML, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM schuber1@illinois.edu FU National Science Foundation [IOS-1022177, MCB-0740211, MCB-1021363]; US Department of Agriculture (USDA)-Agricultural Research Service (ARS) FX This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation (IOS-1022177, MCB-0740211, and MCB-1021363) and the US Department of Agriculture (USDA)-Agricultural Research Service (ARS). The authors thank Xia Wu for help with the MALDI-TOF MS analysis. NR 37 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 6 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-462X J9 FRONT PLANT SCI JI Front. Plant Sci. PY 2012 VL 3 AR 175 DI 10.3389/fpls.2012.00175 PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V30TI UT WOS:000208837900172 PM 22891071 ER PT J AU Rancour, DM Marita, JM Hatfield, RD AF Rancour, David M. Marita, Jane M. Hatfield, Ronald D. TI Cell wall composition throughout development for the model grass Brachypodium distachyon SO FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE plant cell wall; biomass; Brachypodium distachyon; grass; chemical composition AB Temperate perennial grasses are important worldwide as a livestock nutritive energy source and a potential feedstock for lignocellulosic biofuel production. The annual temperate grass Brachypodium distachyon has been championed as a useful model system to facilitate biological research in agriculturally important temperate forage grasses based on phylogenetic relationships. To physically corroborate genetic predictions, we determined the chemical composition profiles of organ-specific cell walls throughout the development of two common diploid accessions of Brachypodium distachyon, Bd21-3 and Bd21. Chemical analysis was performed on cell walls isolated from distinct organs (i.e., leaves, sheaths, stems, and roots) at three developmental stages of (1) 12-day seedling, (2) vegetative-to-reproductive transition, and (3) mature seed fill. In addition, we have included cell wall analysis of embryonic callus used for genetic transformations. Composition of cell walls based on components lignin, hydroxycinnamates, uronosyls, neutral sugars, and protein suggests that Brachypodium distachyon is similar chemically to agriculturally important forage grasses. There were modest compositional differences in hydroxycinnamate profiles between accessions Bd21-3 and Bd21. In addition, when compared to agronomical important C3 grasses, more mature Brachypodium stem cell walls have a relative increase in glucose of 48% and a decrease in lignin of 36%. Though differences exist between Brachypodium and agronomical important C3 grasses, Brachypodium distachyon should be still a useful model system for genetic manipulation of cell wall composition to determine the impact upon functional characteristics such as rumen digestibility or energy conversion efficiency for bioenergy production. C1 [Rancour, David M.; Marita, Jane M.; Hatfield, Ronald D.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Cell Wall Biol & Utilizat Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Hatfield, RD (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Cell Wall Biol & Utilizat Unit, 1925 Linden Dr West, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM ronald.hatfield@ars.usda.gov NR 67 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 15 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-462X J9 FRONT PLANT SCI JI Front. Plant Sci. PY 2012 VL 3 AR 266 DI 10.3389/fpls.2012.00266 PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V30TI UT WOS:000208837900262 PM 23227028 ER PT J AU Ruiz-May, E Thannhauser, TW Zhang, S Rose, JKC AF Ruiz-May, Eliel Thannhauser, Theodore W. Zhang, Sheng Rose, Jocelyn K. C. TI Analytical technologies for identification and characterization of the plant N-glycoproteome SO FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE glycoproteins; N-glycans; glycopeptides; lectins; mass spectrometry ID NANOELECTROSPRAY MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ASPARAGINE-LINKED OLIGOSACCHARIDES; LECTIN-AFFINITY-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ELECTRON-TRANSFER DISSOCIATION; QUANTITATIVE PROTEOMICS; PROTEIN GLYCOSYLATION; SERUM GLYCOPROTEINS; GLYCAN STRUCTURE; CONCANAVALIN-A; SOFTWARE TOOL AB N-glycosylation is one of the most common and complex post-translational modifications of eukaryotic proteins and one that has numerous roles, such as modulating protein stability, sorting, folding, enzyme activity, and ligand interactions. In plants, the functional significance of N-glycosylation is typically obscure, although it is a feature of most secreted proteins and so is potentially of considerable interest to plant cell wall biologists. While analytical pipelines have been established to characterize yeast, mammalian, and bacterial N-glycoproteomes, such large-scale approaches for the study of plant glycoproteins have yet to be reported. Indeed, the N-glycans that decorate plant and mammalian or yeast proteins are structurally distinct and so modification of existing analytical approaches are needed to tackle plant N-glycoproteomes. In this review, we summarize a range of existing technologies for large-scale N-glycoprotein analysis and highlight promising future approaches that may provide a better understanding of the plant N-glycoproteome, and therefore the cell wall proteome and other proteins associated with the secretory pathway. C1 [Ruiz-May, Eliel; Rose, Jocelyn K. C.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Thannhauser, Theodore W.] USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Zhang, Sheng] Cornell Univ, Inst Biotechnol & Life Sci Technol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Rose, JKC (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Biol, 412 Mann Library Bldg, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM jr286@cornell.edu FU ARS CRIS Project [1907-21000-024-00D]; NSF [DBI-0606596] FX Funding to Theodore W. Thannhauser was provided by ARS CRIS Project No. 1907-21000-024-00D and by NSF DBI-0606596. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 83 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 14 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-462X J9 FRONT PLANT SCI JI Front. Plant Sci. PY 2012 VL 3 AR 150 DI 10.3389/fpls.2012.00150 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V30TI UT WOS:000208837900147 PM 22783270 ER PT J AU Verdonk, JC Hatfield, RD Sullivan, ML AF Verdonk, Julian C. Hatfield, Ronald D. Sullivan, Michael L. TI Proteomic analysis of cell walls of two developmental stages of alfalfa stems SO FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE alfalfa; cell wall protein; shotgun proteomics; cell wall digestibility; cell wall protein database AB Cell walls are important for the growth and development of all plants. They are also valuable resources for feed and fiber, and more recently as a potential feedstock for bioenergy production. Cell wall proteins comprise only a fraction of the cell wall, but play important roles in establishing the walls and in the chemical interactions (e.g., crosslinking) of cell wall components.This crosslinking provides structure, but restricts digestibility of cell wall complex carbohydrates, limiting available energy in animal and bioenergy production systems. Manipulation of cell wall proteins could be a strategy to improve digestibility. An analysis of the cell wall proteome of apical alfalfa stems (less mature, more digestible) and basal alfalfa stems (more mature, less digestible) was conducted using a recently developed low-salt/density gradient method for the isolation of cell walls. Walls were subsequently subjected to a modified extraction utilizing EGTA to remove pectins, followed by a LiCl extraction to isolate more tightly bound proteins. Recovered proteins were identified using shotgun proteomics. We identified 272 proteins in the alfalfa stem cell wall proteome, 153 of which had not previously been identified in cell wall proteomic analyses. Nearly 70% of the identified proteins were predicted to be secreted, as would be expected for most cell wall proteins, an improvement over previously published studies using traditional cell wall isolation methods. A comparison of our and several other cell wall proteomic studies indicates little overlap in identified proteins among them, which may be largely due to differences in the tissues used as well as differences in experimental approach. C1 [Verdonk, Julian C.; Hatfield, Ronald D.; Sullivan, Michael L.] ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, USDA, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Sullivan, ML (reprint author), ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, USDA, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM michael.sullivan@ars.usda.gov OI Verdonk, Julian/0000-0002-1237-7951 NR 54 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 18 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-462X J9 FRONT PLANT SCI JI Front. Plant Sci. PY 2012 VL 3 AR 279 DI 10.3389/fpls.2012.00279 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V30TI UT WOS:000208837900275 PM 23248635 ER PT J AU Wu, X Oh, MH Kim, HS Schwartz, D Imai, BS Yau, PM Clouse, SD Huber, SC AF Wu, Xia Oh, Man-Ho Kim, Hyoung Seok Schwartz, Daniel Imai, Brian S. Yau, Peter M. Clouse, Steven D. Huber, Steven C. TI Transphosphorylation of E. coli proteins during production of recombinant protein kinases provides a robust system to characterize kinase specificity SO FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE BRI1; BAKI; PEPR1; FLS2; CDPK; phosphorylation motif AB Protein kinase specificity is of fundamental importance to pathway regulation and signal transduction. Here, we report a convenient system to monitor the activity and specificity of recombinant protein kinases expressed in E. coli. We apply this to the study of the cytoplasmic domain of the plant receptor kinase BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE 1 (BRI1), which functions in brassinosteroid (BR) signaling. Recombinant BRI1 is catalytically active and both autophosphorylates and transphosphorylates E. coli proteins in situ. Using enrichment approaches followed by LC-MS/MS, phosphosites were identified allowing motifs associated with auto- and transphosphorylation to be characterized. Four lines of evidence suggest that transphosphorylation of E. coli proteins by BRI1 is specific and therefore provides meaningful results: (1) phosphorylation is not correlated with bacterial protein abundance; (2) phosphosite stoichiometry, estimated by spectral counting, is also not related to protein abundance; (3) a transphosphorylation motif emerged with strong preference for basic residues both N- and C-terminal to the phosphosites; and (4) other protein kinases (BAK1, PEPR1, FLS2, and CDPK beta) phosphorylated a distinct set of E. coli proteins and phosphosites. The E. coli transphosphorylation assay can be applied broadly to protein kinases and provides a convenient and powerful system to elucidate kinase specificity. C1 [Wu, Xia; Oh, Man-Ho; Kim, Hyoung Seok; Huber, Steven C.] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Schwartz, Daniel] Univ Connecticut, Dept Physiol & Neurobiol, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Imai, Brian S.; Yau, Peter M.] Univ Illinois, Carver Biotechnol Ctr, Prot Sci Facil, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Clouse, Steven D.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Huber, Steven C.] ARS, USDA, Urbana, IL USA. RP Huber, SC (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, 1201 W Gregory Dr,197 ERML, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM schuber1@illinois.edu RI Wu, Xia/J-8690-2014 OI Wu, Xia/0000-0002-0024-4481 FU National Science Foundation [IOS-1022177, MCB-0740211, MCB-1021363]; US Department of Agriculture (USDA)-Agricultural Research Service (ARS) FX This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation (IOS-1022177, MCB-0740211, and MCB-1021363) and the US Department of Agriculture (USDA)-Agricultural Research Service (ARS). NR 57 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-462X J9 FRONT PLANT SCI JI Front. Plant Sci. PY 2012 VL 3 AR 262 DI 10.3389/fpls.2012.00262 PG 16 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V30TI UT WOS:000208837900258 PM 23226150 ER PT J AU Xia, Y Yu, KS Gao, QM Wilson, EV Navarre, D Kachroo, P Kachroo, A AF Xia, Ye Yu, Keshun Gao, Qing-ming Wilson, Ella V. Navarre, Duroy Kachroo, Pradeep Kachroo, Aardra TI Acyl CoA binding proteins are required for cuticle formation and plant responses to microbes SO FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cuticle; plant defense; acyl CoA binding proteins; systemic acquired resistance; fatty acids AB Fatty acids (FA) and lipids are well known regulators of plant defense. Our previous studies have shown that components of prokaryotic (plastidal) FA biosynthesis pathway regulate various aspects of plant defense. Here, we investigated the defense related roles of the soluble acyl CoA binding proteins (ACBPs), which are thought to facilitate the intracellular transport of FA/lipids. We show that ACBP3 and 4 are required for maintaining normal lipid levels and that ACBP3 contributes to the lipid flux between the prokaryotic and eukaryotic pathways. We also show that loss of ACBP3, 4, or 6 impair normal development of the cuticle and affect both basal and resistance protein-mediated defense against bacterial and fungal pathogens. Loss of ACBP3, 4, or 6 also inhibits the induction of systemic acquired resistance (SAR) due to the plants inability to generate SAR inducing signal(s). Together, these data show that ACBP3, ACBP4, and ACBP6 are required for cuticle development as well as defense against microbial pathogens. C1 [Xia, Ye; Yu, Keshun; Gao, Qing-ming; Wilson, Ella V.; Kachroo, Pradeep; Kachroo, Aardra] Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant Pathol, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Navarre, Duroy] Washington State Univ, ARS, USDA, Prosser, WA USA. RP Kachroo, A (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant Pathol, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. EM apkach2@uky.edu FU NSF [0421914, 0749731]; USDA-NRI [2004-0328] FX We thank John Johnson for help with gas chromatography, Ludmita Lapchyk for technical help Mee-Len Chye for useful discussions, Larry Rice for help with SEM and Mary Gail Engle for help with TEM. We thank ABRC for ACBP KO lines. We thank Kansas Lipidomics Research Center Analytical Laboratory and its support from National Science Foundation's EPSCoR program, under grant number EPS-0236913 with matching support from the State of Kansas through Kansas Technology Enterprise Corporation and Kansas State University. This work by supported by grants from NSF (MCB#0421914, IOS#0749731) and USDA-NRI (2004-03287). NR 70 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 6 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-462X J9 FRONT PLANT SCI JI Front. Plant Sci. PY 2012 VL 3 AR 224 DI 10.3389/fpls.2012.00224 PG 18 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V30TI UT WOS:000208837900221 PM 23060893 ER PT J AU Jackson, CR Spicer, LM Barrett, JB Hiott, LM AF Jackson, Charlene R. Spicer, Lori M. Barrett, John B. Hiott, Lari M. BE Magdeldin, S TI Application of Multiplex PCR, Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE), and BOX-PCR for Molecular Analysis of Enterococci SO GEL ELECTROPHORESIS - PRINCIPLES AND BASICS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID VANCOMYCIN-RESISTANT ENTEROCOCCI; FRAGMENT-LENGTH-POLYMORPHISM; ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; GENETIC RELATEDNESS; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; TYPING METHODS; RETAIL MEATS; FAECIUM; LEVEL; DNA C1 [Jackson, Charlene R.; Barrett, John B.; Hiott, Lari M.] ARS, Bacterial Epidemiol & Antimicrobial Resistance Re, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Spicer, Lori M.] Univ Richmond, Dept Biol, Gottwald Sci Ctr, Richmond, VA 23173 USA. RP Jackson, CR (reprint author), ARS, Bacterial Epidemiol & Antimicrobial Resistance Re, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. NR 64 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTECH EUROPE PI RIJEKA PA JANEZA TRDINE9, RIJEKA, 51000, CROATIA BN 978-953-51-0458-2 PY 2012 BP 269 EP 298 D2 10.5772/2205 PG 30 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BG2JI UT WOS:000387425600017 ER PT J AU Beard, KH Pitt, WC AF Beard, Karen H. Pitt, William C. BE Francis, RA TI Eleutherodactylus coqui Thomas (Caribbean tree frog) SO HANDBOOK OF GLOBAL FRESHWATER INVASIVE SPECIES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PUERTO-RICAN FROG; INVASIVE FROG; ANURA LEPTODACTYLIDAE; POPULATION-DENSITY; PACIFIC ISLAND; FOREST FROGS; HAWAII; CONSEQUENCES; LOCOMOTION; PATTERNS C1 [Beard, Karen H.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Beard, Karen H.] Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Pitt, William C.] USDA, APHIS, WS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Hilo Field Stn, Hilo, HI 96721 USA. RP Beard, KH (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM karen.beard@usu.edu; Will.Pitt@aphis.usda.gov NR 47 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU EARTHSCAN PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 3 ENDSLEIGH ST, LONDON WCIH 0DD, ENGLAND BN 978-1-13646-125-5 PY 2012 BP 311 EP 319 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BC8HH UT WOS:000355684900027 ER PT B AU DeGrandi-Hoffman, G Eckholm, B Anderson, KE AF DeGrandi-Hoffman, Gloria Eckholm, Bruce Anderson, Kirk E. BE Sammataro, D Yoder, JA TI Honey Bee Health: The Potential Role of Microbes SO HONEY BEE COLONY HEALTH: CHALLENGES AND SUSTAINABLE SOLUTIONS SE Contemporary Topics in Entomology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB Bees carry a diverse assemblage of microbes, mostly bacteria and fungi. Most microbes are commensals or even beneficial to the colony and few are pathogenic. Their role is to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria and fungi, aid in food digestion and food store preservation, facilitate gene expression, and affect colony-level traits such as social immunity. This chapter summarizes the role of beneficial microbes, showing their importance for maintaining colony health, and discusses current molecular and metagenomic techniques (cf. sequence-based analysis of DNA and 16S rRNA) and findings that have expanded our knowledge about the complexity of the microbiome related to honey bees, their colonies, and community function. Of interest is that the current Human Microbiome Project (HMP) and questions related to host-microbe interactions could benefit microbiome analysis of honey bees. These studies reveal the significance of microbes in the health of all organisms and clearly indicate that optimum health depends on maintaining conditions that encourage microbial growth. C1 [DeGrandi-Hoffman, Gloria; Eckholm, Bruce; Anderson, Kirk E.] ARS, USDA, Carl Hayden Bee Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. RP DeGrandi-Hoffman, G (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Carl Hayden Bee Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-7941-2; 978-1-4398-7940-5 J9 CONTEMP TOP ENTOMOL PY 2012 BP 1 EP 12 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA BC6LN UT WOS:000354062400003 ER PT B AU DeGrandi-Hoffman, G AF DeGrandi-Hoffman, Gloria BE Sammataro, D Yoder, JA TI HONEY BEE COLONY HEALTH Challenges and Sustainable Solutions Introduction SO HONEY BEE COLONY HEALTH: CHALLENGES AND SUSTAINABLE SOLUTIONS SE Contemporary Topics in Entomology LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 ARS, USDA, Carl Hayden Bee Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. RP DeGrandi-Hoffman, G (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Carl Hayden Bee Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-7941-2; 978-1-4398-7940-5 J9 CONTEMP TOP ENTOMOL PY 2012 BP XV EP XVIII PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA BC6LN UT WOS:000354062400002 ER PT B AU Sammataro, D AF Sammataro, Diana BE Sammataro, D Yoder, JA TI Global Status of Honey Bee Mites SO HONEY BEE COLONY HEALTH: CHALLENGES AND SUSTAINABLE SOLUTIONS SE Contemporary Topics in Entomology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB Parasitic bee mites have become a major problem for both beekeepers and honey bees. This chapter updates the latest information on the three parasitic bee mite genera (Acarapis, Varroa, and Tropilaelaps) as well as newly identified species that are currently infesting bee colonies throughout the world. Monitoring and treatment options are discussed as well as mite behavior and future research directions. C1 ARS, USDA, Carl Hayden Bee Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. RP Sammataro, D (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Carl Hayden Bee Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-7941-2; 978-1-4398-7940-5 J9 CONTEMP TOP ENTOMOL PY 2012 BP 37 EP 54 PG 18 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA BC6LN UT WOS:000354062400007 ER PT B AU Meikle, WG Sammataro, D Mercadier, G AF Meikle, W. G. Sammataro, D. Mercadier, G. BE Sammataro, D Yoder, JA TI Biological Control of Honey Bee Pests SO HONEY BEE COLONY HEALTH: CHALLENGES AND SUSTAINABLE SOLUTIONS SE Contemporary Topics in Entomology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB Biological control of bee pests is a small but growing field as beekeepers and bee researchers seek ways to reduce pesticide use. Of the arthropod pests of honey bees, those that have been targets of biological control on at least the laboratory level are the Wax Moths Galleria mellonella and Achroia grisella, the Varroa mite Varroa destructor, and the Small Hive Beetle Aethina tumida. Several organisms have been proposed as biological control agents against wax moth, including naturally-occurring parasitoids, and one, Bacillus thuringiensis, has been commercialized. Biological control of V. destructor has involved application of entomopathogenic fungi, and while some results have been encouraging, more work is clearly needed with respect to isolate selection, formulation, and application method. Fungal agents have likewise been used against A. tumida and elevated mortality has been observed, but no field tests have been reported thus far. The interaction of biological control agents, bees, and target pests needs further research. C1 [Meikle, W. G.] ARS, USDA, Honey Bee Res Unit, Kika de la Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. [Sammataro, D.] ARS, USDA, Carl Hayden Bee Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA. [Mercadier, G.] USDA ARS European Biol Control Lab, Gely Du Fes, France. RP Meikle, WG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Honey Bee Res Unit, Kika de la Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-7941-2; 978-1-4398-7940-5 J9 CONTEMP TOP ENTOMOL PY 2012 BP 55 EP 62 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA BC6LN UT WOS:000354062400008 ER PT B AU Evans, JD Lopez, D Smith, IB Pettis, J Chen, YP AF Evans, Jay D. Lopez, Dawn Smith, I. Barton Pettis, Jeffery Chen, Yan Ping BE Sammataro, D Yoder, JA TI Molecular Forensics for Honey Bee Colonies SO HONEY BEE COLONY HEALTH: CHALLENGES AND SUSTAINABLE SOLUTIONS SE Contemporary Topics in Entomology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB Recent declines in honey bee populations have inspired new efforts to diagnose honey bee diseases. One promising route is to use molecular traits to identify bee parasites and pathogens. This chapter describes gene-bassed efforts to find and quantify bee pathogens. These efforts allow for specific and sensitive detection of the microbes found in bees, aiding research efforts and giving new tools for improving bee breeding, management, and pest regulation. These methods can be used more generally to assess bee traits related to resistance, stress, and behavior. We provide protocols and cost estimates for a method now in place to screen U.S. bees for viruses and other pathogens. C1 [Evans, Jay D.; Lopez, Dawn; Smith, I. Barton; Pettis, Jeffery; Chen, Yan Ping] ARS, USDA, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Evans, JD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-7941-2; 978-1-4398-7940-5 J9 CONTEMP TOP ENTOMOL PY 2012 BP 63 EP 70 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA BC6LN UT WOS:000354062400009 ER PT B AU de Miranda, JR Gauthier, L Ribiere, M Chen, YP AF de Miranda, Joachim R. Gauthier, Laurent Ribiere, Magali Chen, Yan Ping BE Sammataro, D Yoder, JA TI Honey Bee Viruses and Their Effect on Bee and Colony Health SO HONEY BEE COLONY HEALTH: CHALLENGES AND SUSTAINABLE SOLUTIONS SE Contemporary Topics in Entomology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB Honey bee viruses are common in bee populations. Colonies may appear healthy even when several different viruses are present, causing little or no harm, and persist and spread harmlessly within and between bee populations. These viruses can cause severe, even fatal, diseases to bees as a result of being stimulated to replicate rapidly, infecting sensitive stages or organs. Misdiagnosis and management of honey bee diseases has been a problem due to the difficulty with virus identification. An overview of research and routine screening techniques involved with virus detection and disease diagnosis is presented in this chapter along with a summary of known honey bee viruses, management practices, and treatments, and direction of future research. Of particular interest is that frequently there is an association and interaction of viruses with other honey bee parasites and diseases, which is a significant aspect of honey bee viruses and their incidence of infection. C1 [de Miranda, Joachim R.] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Ecol, Uppsala, Sweden. [Gauthier, Laurent] Agroscope Liebefeld Posieux Res Stn ALP, Swiss Bee Res Ctr, Bern, Switzerland. [Ribiere, Magali] French Food Safety Agcy AFSSA, Bee Dis Unit, Sophia Antipolis, France. [Chen, Yan Ping] ARS, USDA, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP de Miranda, JR (reprint author), Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Ecol, Uppsala, Sweden. NR 0 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-7941-2; 978-1-4398-7940-5 J9 CONTEMP TOP ENTOMOL PY 2012 BP 71 EP 102 PG 32 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA BC6LN UT WOS:000354062400010 ER PT B AU Webster, TC Aronstein, K AF Webster, Thomas C. Aronstein, Katherine BE Sammataro, D Yoder, JA TI Nosema ceranae Detection by Microscopy and Antibody Tests SO HONEY BEE COLONY HEALTH: CHALLENGES AND SUSTAINABLE SOLUTIONS SE Contemporary Topics in Entomology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB Nosema ceranae, a honey bee pathogen now known worldwide, may be detected quickly by either light microscopy or by antibody tests. While these tests are less sensitive than polymerase chain reaction, they may be more practical for routine diagnosis. Phase contrast light microscopy allows one to distinguish between primary, environmental, and germinated spores. Fluorescent stains may demonstrate the maturity of spores and the integrity of the spore membranes. Polar filaments from the spores are also seen by proper microscopic techniques. Antibodies are also helpful in identifying Nosema spores and can be specific to the Nosema ceranae species. The antibodies attach to protein in the wall of the spore. This test is able to detect an infestation as few as 1,000 spores, a tiny fraction of the spores present in a highly infected bee. We hope to see this test commercialized so that it is available to beekeepers. C1 [Webster, Thomas C.] Kentucky State Univ, Land Grant Program, Frankfort, KY 40601 USA. [Aronstein, Katherine] ARS, USDA, Honey Bee Res Unit, Kika de la Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Weslaco, TX USA. RP Webster, TC (reprint author), Kentucky State Univ, Land Grant Program, Frankfort, KY 40601 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-7941-2; 978-1-4398-7940-5 J9 CONTEMP TOP ENTOMOL PY 2012 BP 115 EP 120 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA BC6LN UT WOS:000354062400012 ER PT B AU Aronstein, KA Cabanillas, HE AF Aronstein, K. A. Cabanillas, H. E. BE Sammataro, D Yoder, JA TI Chalkbrood Re-Examined SO HONEY BEE COLONY HEALTH: CHALLENGES AND SUSTAINABLE SOLUTIONS SE Contemporary Topics in Entomology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB The fungus Ascosphaera apis is the causative agent of chalkbrood disease, leading to heavy losses of honey bees and colony productivity. A. apis affects the brood of honey bees, turning them into a "mummy" that is regarded as a source of infection. Spores seem to always be present in bee colonies at a low level without causing disease symptoms and require predisposing conditions (cool, humid weather, or other stress factors) for the larvae to develop chalkbrood. This chapter consolidates the recent findings focusing on the pathogen's biology, disease symptoms, and management tactics. The most commonly used research methods, molecular techniques, and in vivo bioassay for culturing and diagnosis, supplemented with micrographs and illustrations, are provided. Because honey bee colonies infected with A. apis often have no visible signs of the disease, early detection is critical for the diagnosis and prevention of disease outbreaks. One important aspect for control of chalkbrood is the presence of a young, hygienic queen for maintaining a strong and healthy colony. C1 [Aronstein, K. A.; Cabanillas, H. E.] ARS, USDA, Honey Bee Res Unit, Kika de la Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. RP Aronstein, KA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Honey Bee Res Unit, Kika de la Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-7941-2; 978-1-4398-7940-5 J9 CONTEMP TOP ENTOMOL PY 2012 BP 121 EP 130 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA BC6LN UT WOS:000354062400013 ER PT B AU Yoder, JA Heydinger, DJ Hedges, BZ Sammataro, D DeGrandi-Hoffman, G AF Yoder, Jay A. Heydinger, Derrick J. Hedges, Brian Z. Sammataro, Diana DeGrandi-Hoffman, Gloria BE Sammataro, D Yoder, JA TI Critical Transition Temperature (CTT) of Chalkbrood Fungi and Its Significance for Disease Incidence SO HONEY BEE COLONY HEALTH: CHALLENGES AND SUSTAINABLE SOLUTIONS SE Contemporary Topics in Entomology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB Fluctuating temperatures incite chalkbrood disease (Ascosphaera apis) in honey bee colonies. This chapter describes a novel technique for estimating the temperature where the incidence of chalkbrood is the highest, which may vary according to species. In the laboratory, growth rates for pure fungal isolates of A. apis were determined by measuring the spread of the mycelium in a Petri dish at different temperatures. Graphical analysis shows there is a critical transition temperature (CTT) where a rapid increase in growth rate occurs. CTT of A. apis matches the temperature where chalkbrood symptoms are seen. Thus, determination of CTT can be an effective tool for gauging the onset (and off set) of a fungal disease. C1 [Yoder, Jay A.; Heydinger, Derrick J.; Hedges, Brian Z.] Wittenberg Univ, Dept Biol, Springfield, OH 45501 USA. [Sammataro, Diana; DeGrandi-Hoffman, Gloria] ARS, USDA, Carl Hayden Bee Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Yoder, JA (reprint author), Wittenberg Univ, Dept Biol, Springfield, OH 45501 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-7941-2; 978-1-4398-7940-5 J9 CONTEMP TOP ENTOMOL PY 2012 BP 131 EP 134 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA BC6LN UT WOS:000354062400014 ER PT B AU Yoder, JA Hedges, BZ Heydinger, DJ Sammataro, D DeGrandi-Hoffman, G AF Yoder, Jay A. Hedges, Brian Z. Heydinger, Derrick J. Sammataro, Diana DeGrandi-Hoffman, Gloria BE Sammataro, D Yoder, JA TI Differences Among Fungicides Targeting Beneficial Fungi Associated with Honey Bee Colonies SO HONEY BEE COLONY HEALTH: CHALLENGES AND SUSTAINABLE SOLUTIONS SE Contemporary Topics in Entomology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB This chapter draws attention to individual fungi commonly found in stored pollen (bee bread) and how they may respond to different fungicides. We evaluated the effects of boscalid and pyraclostrobin (Pristine (R) BASF), propiconazole (OrbitTMTilt (R) Syngenta), and chlorothalonil (Bravo r Syngenta), on 12 fungi species isolated from bee bread. A key observation was that no two fungi cultured from bee bread respond the same with regard to percentage reduction in radial growth rate, mortality, and lowest effective concentration. Chlorothalonil was fungistatic (slowed growth without killing) and was least effective on Aspergillus spp., Penicillium sp., Cladosporium sp., and Ascosphaera apis. Boscalid and pyraclostrobin mixture was almost entirely fungicidal, especially against Aspergillus spp. and Penicillium sp. Consistently, Rhizopus sp. was the most sensitive to the fungicides and A. apis was the most tolerant. Parallel studies with antibiotics showed no effect on limiting growth of the 12 fungi. Thus, effectiveness of test fungicides is boscalid and pyraclostrobin > propiconazole > chlorothalonil. Our studies suggest that exposure to fungicides applied when plants are in bloom and collected by foraging bees could have a negative effect on colony health because they disrupt the mycoflora bees use to process and store their food. C1 [Yoder, Jay A.; Hedges, Brian Z.; Heydinger, Derrick J.] Wittenberg Univ, Dept Biol, Springfield, OH 45501 USA. [Sammataro, Diana; DeGrandi-Hoffman, Gloria] ARS, USDA, Carl Hayden Bee Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Yoder, JA (reprint author), Wittenberg Univ, Dept Biol, Springfield, OH 45501 USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 10 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-7941-2; 978-1-4398-7940-5 J9 CONTEMP TOP ENTOMOL PY 2012 BP 181 EP 192 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA BC6LN UT WOS:000354062400018 ER PT B AU Yoder, JA Heydinger, DJ Hedges, BZ Sammataro, D Finley, J DeGrandi-Hoffman, G Croxall, TJ Christensen, BS AF Yoder, Jay A. Heydinger, Derrick J. Hedges, Brian Z. Sammataro, Diana Finley, Jennifer DeGrandi-Hoffman, Gloria Croxall, Travis J. Christensen, Brady S. BE Sammataro, D Yoder, JA TI Fungicides Reduce Symbiotic Fungi in Bee Bread and the Beneficial Fungi in Colonies SO HONEY BEE COLONY HEALTH: CHALLENGES AND SUSTAINABLE SOLUTIONS SE Contemporary Topics in Entomology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB Aspergillus spp. (primarily A. niger and secondarily A. flavus), Penicillium spp., Cladosporium spp., and Rhizopus spp. are the main fungi regularly found in bee bread. They function as a natural defense against the pathogenic fungal diseases chalkbrood and stonebrood, as inferred by in vitro fungal-fungal interaction bioassays. Ten other species are also present in bee bread, but as minor though necessary components for maintaining the proper balance of the bee bread mycoflora. Colonies in orchards that were sprayed with fungicides had low amounts of bee bread fungi. Agents known to suppress growth or kill bee bread fungi are fungicides, formic acid, oxalic acid miticides, and high fructose corn syrup. Communication between growers and beekeepers is encouraged to assess the timing of direct and nearby fungicide applications so that colonies could be moved if necessary. C1 [Yoder, Jay A.; Heydinger, Derrick J.; Hedges, Brian Z.; Croxall, Travis J.; Christensen, Brady S.] Wittenberg Univ, Dept Biol, Springfield, OH 45501 USA. [Sammataro, Diana; Finley, Jennifer; DeGrandi-Hoffman, Gloria] ARS, USDA, Carl Hayden Bee Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Yoder, JA (reprint author), Wittenberg Univ, Dept Biol, Springfield, OH 45501 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 5 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-7941-2; 978-1-4398-7940-5 J9 CONTEMP TOP ENTOMOL PY 2012 BP 193 EP 214 PG 22 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA BC6LN UT WOS:000354062400019 ER PT B AU vanEngelsdorp, D Brodschneider, R Brostaux, Y van der Zee, R Pisa, L Underwood, R Lengerich, EJ Spleen, A Neumann, P Wilkins, S Budge, GE Pietravalle, S Allier, F Vallon, J Human, H Muz, M Le Conte, Y Caron, D Baylis, K Haubruge, E Pernal, S Melathopoulos, A Saegerman, C Pettis, JS Nguyen, BK AF vanEngelsdorp, Dennis Brodschneider, Robert Brostaux, Yves van der Zee, Romee Pisa, Lennard Underwood, Robyn Lengerich, Eugene J. Spleen, Angela Neumann, Peter Wilkins, Selwyn Budge, Giles E. Pietravalle, Stephane Allier, Fabrice Vallon, Julien Human, Hannelie Muz, Mustafa Le Conte, Yves Caron, Dewey Baylis, Kathy Haubruge, Eric Pernal, Stephen Melathopoulos, Andony Saegerman, Claude Pettis, Jeffery S. Bach Kim Nguyen BE Sammataro, D Yoder, JA TI Calculating and Reporting Managed Honey Bee Colony Losses SO HONEY BEE COLONY HEALTH: CHALLENGES AND SUSTAINABLE SOLUTIONS SE Contemporary Topics in Entomology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB Quantifying colony losses is a two-part process. First, colony loss data needs to be collected by surveying beekeepers and then it needs to be calculated and reported in a standardized way. We propose using two different ways to calculate and communicate colony losses. The first we term the total colony losses, sometimes referred to as cumulative loss rate in other systems, which aggregates all losses suffered by all beekeepers surveyed. While the total loss calculation is straightforward, calculating a 95% CI for this metric is complicated by the need to account for the varying sizes of responding beekeeper operations and the nested nature of colony losses within those operations. The second reporting method, termed average loss, is the mean loss suffered by each responding beekeeper. The utility of these two reporting mechanisms differs, in that both are potentially biased by the demographics of the apicultural industry; total loss figures are more heavily influenced by the losses experienced by the few large operations, while average losses are more representative of the many small operations. Additionally, it is important to note that the results from this survey are representative of the responding population alone, and cannot be considered representative of the industry unless some means of identifying and adjusting for varying response is performed. C1 [vanEngelsdorp, Dennis; Underwood, Robyn] Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Brodschneider, Robert] Karl Franzens Univ Graz, Dept Zool, Graz, Austria. [Brostaux, Yves] Univ Liege, Gembloux Agrobio Tech, Dept Appl Stat Comp Sci & Math, Gembloux, Belgium. [van der Zee, Romee; Pisa, Lennard] Netherlands Ctr Bee Res NCB, Tersoal, Netherlands. [Lengerich, Eugene J.] Penn State Univ, Coll Med, Hlth Evaluat Sci, Hershey, PA USA. [Spleen, Angela] Penn State Univ, Coll Med, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, College Pk, PA USA. [Neumann, Peter] Agroscope Liebefeld Posieux Res Stn ALP, Swiss Bee Res Ctr, Bern, Switzerland. [Wilkins, Selwyn; Budge, Giles E.] Food & Environm Res Agcy, Natl Bee Unit, York, N Yorkshire, England. [Pietravalle, Stephane] Cent Sci Lab, Food & Environm Res Agcy, York, N Yorkshire, England. [Allier, Fabrice; Vallon, Julien] ITSAP Inst Abeille, UMT PrADE, Avignon, France. [Human, Hannelie] Univ Pretoria, Dept Zool & Entomol, ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa. [Muz, Mustafa] Mustafa Kemal Univ, Dept Parasitol, Antakya, Turkey. [Le Conte, Yves] INRA, UMR 406, Abeilles & Environm, Avignon, France. [Caron, Dewey] Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Baylis, Kathy] Univ Illinois, Dept Agr & Consumer Econ, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Haubruge, Eric] Univ Liege, Gembloux Agrobio Tech, Dept Funct & Evolutionary Entomol, Gembloux, Belgium. [Pernal, Stephen; Melathopoulos, Andony] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Beaverlodge Res Farm, Beaverlodge, AB, Canada. [Saegerman, Claude] Univ Liege, Fac Vet Med, Dept Infect & Parasit Dis, Res Unit Epidemiol & Risk Anal Appl Vet Sci UREAR, Liege, Belgium. [Pettis, Jeffery S.] ARS, USDA, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Bach Kim Nguyen] Univ Liege, Dept Funct & Evolutionary Entomol, Gembloux, Belgium. RP vanEngelsdorp, D (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-7941-2; 978-1-4398-7940-5 J9 CONTEMP TOP ENTOMOL PY 2012 BP 229 EP 236 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA BC6LN UT WOS:000354062400022 ER PT B AU Yao, HB Tang, L Tian, L Brown, RL Bhatnagar, D Cleveland, TE AF Yao, Haibo Tang, Lie Tian, Lei Brown, Robert L. Bhatnagar, Deepak Cleveland, Thomas E. BE Thenkabail, PS Lyon, JG Huete, A TI Using Hyperspectral Data in Precision Farming Applications SO HYPERSPECTRAL REMOTE SENSING OF VEGETATION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SOIL PROPERTY DETERMINATION; GRAIN-SORGHUM YIELD; LEAF-AREA INDEX; CANOPY REFLECTANCE; VEGETATION INDEXES; MULTISPECTRAL IMAGERY; SPECTRAL-ANALYSIS; NITROGEN STRESS; WINTER-WHEAT; MONITOR DATA C1 [Yao, Haibo] Mississippi State Univ, Geosyst Res Inst, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Tang, Lie] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Ames, IA USA. [Tian, Lei] Univ Illinois, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Champaign, IL USA. [Brown, Robert L.; Bhatnagar, Deepak; Cleveland, Thomas E.] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. RP Yao, HB (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Geosyst Res Inst, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. NR 79 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-4538-7; 978-1-4398-4537-0 PY 2012 BP 591 EP 607 PG 17 WC Agronomy; Remote Sensing SC Agriculture; Remote Sensing GA BC7PO UT WOS:000355136500027 ER PT J AU Reitz, SR Funderburk, J AF Reitz, Stuart R. Funderburk, Joe BE Perveen, F TI Management Strategies for Western Flower Thrips and the Role of Insecticides SO INSECTICIDES - PEST ENGINEERING LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FRANKLINIELLA-OCCIDENTALIS PERGANDE; TOMATO-SPOTTED-WILT; RESISTANCE IN-FIELD; ORIUS-INSIDIOSUS HETEROPTERA; SYSTEMIC ACQUIRED-RESISTANCE; VIRUS OVERCOMING RESISTANCE; THYSANOPTERA THRIPIDAE; METHIOCARB RESISTANCE; INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT; SPECIES THYSANOPTERA C1 [Reitz, Stuart R.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA. [Funderburk, Joe] Univ Florida, North Florida Res & Educ Ctr, Quincy, FL USA. RP Reitz, SR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA. NR 170 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTECH EUROPE PI RIJEKA PA JANEZA TRDINE9, RIJEKA, 51000, CROATIA BN 978-953-307-895-3 PY 2012 BP 355 EP 384 D2 10.5772/1354 PG 30 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA BF8AJ UT WOS:000384671900017 ER PT J AU Tubajika, KM Puterka, GJ Toscano, NC Chen, J Civerolo, EL AF Tubajika, K. M. Puterka, G. J. Toscano, N. C. Chen, J. Civerolo, E. L. BE Perveen, F TI Effects of Kaolin Particle Film and Imidacloprid on Glassy-Winged Sharpshooter (Homalodisca vitripennis) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) Populations and the Prevention of Spread of Xylella fastidiosa in Grape SO INSECTICIDES - PEST ENGINEERING LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; PIERCES-DISEASE; SPATIAL-PATTERNS; TRANSMISSION; COAGULATA; SUPPRESSION; LEPIDOPTERA; CALIFORNIA; OLEANDER; VECTORS C1 [Tubajika, K. M.] Anim & Plant Inspect Serv APHIS, USDA, PPQ, CPHST, Raleigh, NC 27617 USA. [Puterka, G. J.] ARS, USDA, Stillwater, OK USA. [Toscano, N. C.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Chen, J.; Civerolo, E. L.] ARS, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr SJVSC, Parlier, CA USA. RP Tubajika, KM (reprint author), Anim & Plant Inspect Serv APHIS, USDA, PPQ, CPHST, Raleigh, NC 27617 USA. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTECH EUROPE PI RIJEKA PA JANEZA TRDINE9, RIJEKA, 51000, CROATIA BN 978-953-307-895-3 PY 2012 BP 409 EP 424 D2 10.5772/1354 PG 16 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA BF8AJ UT WOS:000384671900019 ER PT J AU Showler, AT AF Showler, Allan T. BE Perveen, F TI The Conundrum of Chemical Boll Weevil Control in Subtropical Regions SO INSECTICIDES - PEST ENGINEERING LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID IMPORTED FIRE ANTS; NORTHEASTERN MEXICO; FIELD CONDITIONS; ECONOMIC RETURN; COTTON FRUIT; FOOD SOURCES; HOST PLANTS; CURCULIONIDAE; COLEOPTERA; TEXAS C1 [Showler, Allan T.] ARS, USDA, Kika de la Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. RP Showler, AT (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Kika de la Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. NR 71 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTECH EUROPE PI RIJEKA PA JANEZA TRDINE9, RIJEKA, 51000, CROATIA BN 978-953-307-895-3 PY 2012 BP 437 EP 448 D2 10.5772/1354 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA BF8AJ UT WOS:000384671900021 ER PT J AU Greenberg, SM Adamczyk, JJ Armstrong, JS AF Greenberg, Shoil M. Adamczyk, John J. Armstrong, John S. BE Larramendy, ML Soloneski, S TI Principles and Practices of Integrated Pest Management on Cotton in the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas SO INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT AND PEST CONTROL - CURRENT AND FUTURE TACTICS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID OVERWINTERING BOLL-WEEVIL; TARNISHED PLANT BUG; BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS; STRAINS RESISTANT; BEET ARMYWORM; BT COTTONS; HEMIPTERA; MIRIDAE; FIELD; PENTATOMIDAE C1 [Greenberg, Shoil M.; Adamczyk, John J.; Armstrong, John S.] ARS, Kika de la Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. RP Greenberg, SM (reprint author), ARS, Kika de la Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. NR 92 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTECH EUROPE PI RIJEKA PA JANEZA TRDINE9, RIJEKA, 51000, CROATIA BN 978-953-51-0050-8 PY 2012 BP 3 EP 34 PG 32 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA BG2JO UT WOS:000387426700002 ER PT J AU Nelson, SD Simpson, CR Ajwa, HA Williams, CF AF Nelson, Shad D. Simpson, Catherine R. Ajwa, Husein A. Williams, Clinton F. BE Larramendy, ML Soloneski, S TI Evaluating Surface Seals in Soil Columns to Mitigate Methyl Isothiocyanate Volatilization SO INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT AND PEST CONTROL - CURRENT AND FUTURE TACTICS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID DRIP IRRIGATION; 1,3-DICHLOROPROPENE; BROMIDE; DEGRADATION; FUMIGANTS; INJECTION; EMISSION; SYSTEMS C1 [Nelson, Shad D.] Texas A&M Univ Kingsville, Kingsville, TX 78363 USA. [Nelson, Shad D.; Simpson, Catherine R.] Texas A&M Univ Kingsville, Citrus Ctr, Weslaco, TX USA. [Ajwa, Husein A.] Univ Calif Davis, Salinas, CA USA. [Williams, Clinton F.] ARS, USDA, Maricopa, AZ USA. RP Nelson, SD (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ Kingsville, Kingsville, TX 78363 USA. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU INTECH EUROPE PI RIJEKA PA JANEZA TRDINE9, RIJEKA, 51000, CROATIA BN 978-953-51-0050-8 PY 2012 BP 567 EP 580 PG 14 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA BG2JO UT WOS:000387426700025 ER PT J AU Monaco, TA Sheley, RL AF Monaco, Thomas A. Sheley, Roger L. BE Monaco, TA Sheley, RL TI Invasive Plant Ecology and Management: Linking Processes to Practice Preface SO INVASIVE PLANT ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT: LINKING PROCESSES TO PRACTICE SE CABI Invasives Series LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Monaco, Thomas A.] Utah State Univ, USDA, ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Sheley, Roger L.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR USA. RP Monaco, TA (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA, ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84593-811-6 J9 CABI INVASIVE SER PY 2012 BP XI EP XI D2 10.1079/9781845938116.0000 PG 1 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BDE24 UT WOS:000312935400002 ER PT J AU Fabbri, D Torri, C Spokas, KA AF Fabbri, Daniele Torri, Cristian Spokas, Kurt A. TI Analytical pyrolysis of synthetic chars derived from biomass with potential agronomic application (biochar). Relationships with impacts on microbial carbon dioxide production SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS LA English DT Article DE Py-GC-MS; Biochar; CO2 respiration; Abiotic; Biotic; Greenhouse gas AB A set of 20 biochar samples produced from the pyrolysis of different biomass feedstocks with potential applications as soil amendments were investigated by pyrolysis coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS). The yields of 38 pyrolysis products representative of charred (e.g., benzene derivatives, PAHs, benzofurans) and partially charred biomass (e.g. derivatives of lignin phenols) were evaluated by Py-GC-MS. The estimated yields covered a wide interval (40-7700 mu g g(-1)) and were correlated with volatile matter (VM). The proportion of pyrolysis products associated with charred materials ranged from 49 to >99% and was positively correlated with benzene/toluene (BIT) ratios. The molecular distribution of partially charred materials reflected the original feedstock, with higher levels of protein fragments observed in samples with high initial nitrogen content. Both the abiotic and biotic production/consumption of CO2 was determined in original biochar incubated in water and soil-biochar systems. Large differences were observed in the net CO2 suppression/stimulation rates, with values between -50 and 2200 mu g g (char)(-1) d(-1) for biochar alone and biochar corrected rates from -19 to 690 mu g g (soil)(-1) d(-1) for amended soils. In general, increasing pyrolysis temperature yielded biochars with less intense Py-GC-MS pyrolysates, higher B/T ratios, and lower respiration rates. Biochars characterized by higher yields of proteins and cellulose-derived pyrolysis products (e.g. distiller grains, hardwood, mixed wood chips/manure) were associated with higher CO2 mineralization rates in the corresponding amended soils, particularly sugars. These results suggest that the stimulation in CO2 production could arrive from the residual non-charred material, and not be a true.indication of more completely charred material, which typically had no effect or minimal suppression. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Fabbri, Daniele; Torri, Cristian] Univ Bologna, CIRSA, Lab Environm Sci, I-48123 Ravenna, Italy. [Spokas, Kurt A.] USDA, Agr Res Serv, St Paul, MN USA. RP Fabbri, D (reprint author), Univ Bologna, CIRSA, Lab Environm Sci, Via S Alberto 163, I-48123 Ravenna, Italy. EM dani.fabbri@unibo.it RI Spokas, Kurt/F-4839-2016; Torri, Cristian/A-2769-2011 OI Spokas, Kurt/0000-0002-5049-5959; Torri, Cristian/0000-0001-5233-6786 NR 39 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 34 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-2370 EI 1873-250X J9 J ANAL APPL PYROL JI J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis PD JAN PY 2012 VL 93 BP 77 EP 84 DI 10.1016/j.jaap.2011.09.012 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA V30WY UT WOS:000208847300011 ER PT J AU Gunter, SA Whitworth, WA Montgomery, TG Beck, PA AF Gunter, Stacey A. Whitworth, Whitney A. Montgomery, T. Gregory Beck, Paul A. TI Cool-season annual pastures with clovers to supplement wintering beef cows nursing calves SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Annual ryegrass; Beef cows; Clovers; Nitrogen; Pasture ID CALF PRODUCTIVITY; FORAGE MIXTURES; NUTRITIVE-VALUE; NITROGEN LOSS; WHITE CLOVER; PERFORMANCE; GRASSES; SYSTEM; RANGE AB In December of 3 years, 87 beef cows with nursing calves (594 +/- 9.8 kg; calving season, September to November) at side were stratified by body condition score, body weight, cow age, and calf gender and divided randomly into 6 groups assigned to 1 of 6 cool-season annual pastures (0.45 ha/cow) that had been interseeded into a dormant common bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon [L.] Pers.)/bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flugge) sod. Pastures contained 1 of the following 3 seeding mixtures (2 pastures/ mixture):1) wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam., WRG), 2) wheat and ryegrass plus red clover (Trifolium pretense L., WRR), or 3) wheat and ryegrass plus white (Trifolium repens L.) and crimson clovers (Trifolium incarnatum L., WRW). All groups had ad libitum access to grass hay (12% crude protein; 58% total digestible nutrients). The second week in December, cow estrous cycles were synchronized and artificially inseminated. In late December, a bull was placed with each group for 60-d. Data were analyzed with an analysis of variance using a mixed model containing treatment as the fixed effect and year as the random effect. Body weight and condition scores did not differ (P >= 0.27) among cows between February and June. Calf birth weights or average daily gain did not differ (P >= 0.17) among treatments; however, calves grazing pastures with clovers did tend (P=0.06) to weigh more than calves grazing grass only. Weaning weight per cow exposed to a bull was greater (P=0.02) for WRR and WRW than WRG. Cows grazing winter-annual pastures containing clovers tended to wean more calf body weight per cow exposed to a bull than cows grazing the grass only pastures. C1 [Gunter, Stacey A.] ARS, USDA, Southern Plains Range Res Stn, Woodward, OK 73801 USA. [Whitworth, Whitney A.] Univ Arkansas Monticello, Monticello, AR USA. [Montgomery, T. Gregory] Univ Arkansas, Southeast Res & Extens Ctr, Div Agr, Monticello, AR USA. [Beck, Paul A.] Univ Arkansas, Southwest Res & Extens Ctr, Div Agr, Hope, AR USA. RP Gunter, SA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Southern Plains Range Res Stn, 2000 18th St, Woodward, OK 73801 USA. EM stacey.gunter@ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 8 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1674-9782 J9 J ANIM SCI BIOTECHNO JI J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol. PY 2012 VL 3 AR 25 DI 10.1186/2049-1891-3-25 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V31LN UT WOS:000208885200025 PM 22958279 ER PT J AU Zhao, CP Tian, F Yu, Y Liu, G Zan, LS Updike, MS Song, JZ AF Zhao, Chunping Tian, Fei Yu, Ying Liu, George Zan, Linsen Updike, M. Scott Song, Jiuzhou TI miRNA-dysregulation associated with tenderness variation induced by acute stress in Angus cattle SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE miRNA; Bovine; Beef tenderness; Stress AB miRNAs are a class of small, single-stranded, non-coding RNAs that perform post-transcriptional repression of target genes by binding to 3 ' untranslated regions. Research has found that miRNAs involved in the regulation of many metabolic processes. Here we uncovered that the beef quality of Angus cattle sharply diversified after acute stress. By performing miRNA microarray analysis, 13 miRNAs were significantly differentially expressed in stressed group compared to control group. Using a bioinformatics method, 135 protein-coding genes were predicted as the targets of significant differentially expressed miRNAs. Gene Ontology (GO) term and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) mined that these target genes involved in some important pathways, which may have impact on meat quality and beef tenderness. C1 [Zhao, Chunping; Zan, Linsen] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Zhao, Chunping; Tian, Fei; Updike, M. Scott; Song, Jiuzhou] Univ Maryland, Dept Anim & Avian Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Updike, M. Scott] Agr Mkt Serv, Stand Div, USDA, Natl Organ Program, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Yu, Ying] China Agr Univ, Dept Anim Breeding & Genet, Coll Anim Sci, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Liu, George] ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Zan, LS (reprint author), Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM zanls@yahoo.com.cn; songj88@umd.edu FU Maryland Agricultural Experiment Station; Jorgensen Endowment Funds FX The work was supported by Maryland Agricultural Experiment Station and Jorgensen Endowment Funds. We cannot thank the Dr. Brian J. Bequette and Dr. Ransom L. Baldwin enough for their generous support and donation of their time. NR 34 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 8 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1674-9782 J9 J ANIM SCI BIOTECHNO JI J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol. PY 2012 VL 3 AR 12 DI 10.1186/2049-1891-3-12 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA V31LN UT WOS:000208885200012 PM 22958451 ER PT J AU Liu, DS Hu, JF Horvath, DP Zhang, XJ Bian, XY Chang, GL Sun, XH Tian, J AF Liu Dasheng Hu, J. F. Horvath, D. P. Zhang, X. J. Bian, X. Y. Chang, G. L. Sun, X. H. Tian, J. TI Invasions and Impacts of Alligatorweed in the Upper Xiaoqing River Basin of Northern China SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Alternanthera philoxeroides; extend; northern limit; five degrees latitude; 500 km AB Alligatorweed (Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb), is a problematic and difficult to manage invasive weed. The recent invasion in the upper Xiaoqing River, northern China extends its range northwards through almost five degrees latitude and 500 km from the northern limit and main invasion area of the weed in China. The length of main branches of the weed in Jinan ranges from 198 cm to 382 cm, with an average value of 266.67 +/- 24.01 cm. The average number of nodes and adventitious roots on the main branches are 27.01 +/- 2.25 and 17.11 +/- 0.84, respectively. The number of main branches per linear meter transect is 376-511, with an average of 436.52 +/- 55.33. The main impact of alligatonveed is that it chokes the flood flow of the local river in rainy seasons, but was not found to cause obvious damage to agricultural production in the area covered by this study. However, the presence of this weed in northern China highlights its potential future risk, and questions the previous models used to predict the spread and distribution of this weed. C1 [Liu Dasheng; Bian, X. Y.] Shandong Inst Environm Sci, Jinan 250013, Peoples R China. [Hu, J. F.] S China Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Guangzhou 510631, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Horvath, D. P.] Agr Res Serv, Biosci Res Lab, USDA, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Zhang, X. J.] Shandong Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Jinan 250014, Peoples R China. [Chang, G. L.] Shandong Ctr Environm Monitoring, Jinan 250013, Peoples R China. [Sun, X. H.] Shandong Normal Univ, Coll Populat Resource & Environm, Jinan 250014, Peoples R China. [Tian, J.] Management Off Xiaoqing River Jinan, Jinan 250014, Peoples R China. RP Liu, DS (reprint author), Shandong Inst Environm Sci, Jinan 250013, Peoples R China. EM liu_sdiep@126.com OI Horvath, David/0000-0002-8458-7691 FU Shandong Sci and Tech Programme [2009GG10008014]; Shandong Environmental Protection Sci and Tech Programme; China National Major Project-Water Pollution Control and Management [HuaiHe: 2009ZX07210-009] FX Research was supported by Shandong Sci and Tech Programme (2009GG10008014), Shandong Environmental Protection Sci and Tech Programme, and China National Major Project-Water Pollution Control and Management(HuaiHe: 2009ZX07210-009). We thank Mr Zhu Litao for his assistance in field work, and Ms Li Yufeng for her assistance in the preparation of the manuscript. Thanks also the helpful comments from the two anonymous reviewers. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT SOC, INC PI VICKSBURG PA PO BOX 821265, VICKSBURG, MS 39182 USA SN 0146-6623 J9 J AQUAT PLANT MANAGE JI J. Aquat. Plant Manage. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 50 BP 19 EP 24 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA V33UL UT WOS:000209043600002 ER PT J AU Gallardo, C Shimada, K Schumacher, BA AF Gallardo, Christopher Shimada, Kenshu Schumacher, Bruce A. TI A NEW LATE CRETACEOUS MARINE VERTEBRATE ASSEMBLAGE FROM THE BASAL GREENHORN LIMESTONE IN SOUTHEASTERN COLORADO, USA SO JOURNAL OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 72nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Vertebrate-Paleontology CY OCT 17-20, 2012 CL N Carolina Museum Nat Sci, Raleigh, NC SP Soc Vertebrate Paleontol, N Carolina State Univ HO N Carolina Museum Nat Sci C1 [Gallardo, Christopher; Shimada, Kenshu] Depaul Univ, Chicago, IL 60604 USA. [Schumacher, Bruce A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, La Junta, CO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0272-4634 EI 1937-2809 J9 J VERTEBR PALEONTOL JI J. Vertebr. Paleontol. PY 2012 VL 32 SU 2 SI SI BP 98 EP 99 PG 2 WC Paleontology SC Paleontology GA 070HE UT WOS:000313496400202 ER PT B AU Beyerhelm, C AF Beyerhelm, Chris BE Lobley, M Baker, JR Whitehead, I TI Keeping it in the Family International Perspectives on Succession and Retirement on Family Farms Forewords SO KEEPING IT IN THE FAMILY: INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVES ON SUCCESSION AND RETIREMENT ON FAMILY FARMS SE Perspectives on Rural Policy and Planning LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 USDA, Farm Loan Program, Farm Serv Agcy, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Beyerhelm, C (reprint author), USDA, Farm Loan Program, Farm Serv Agcy, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASHGATE PUBLISHING LTD PI ALDERSHOT PA GOWER HOUSE, CROFT ROAD, ALDERSHOT GU11 3HR, ENGLAND BN 978-1-4094-0996-0; 978-1-4094-0995-3 J9 PERSP RURAL POL PLAN PY 2012 BP XIII EP XIV PG 2 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Geography; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Agriculture; Geography; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA BB5KJ UT WOS:000343919600001 ER PT B AU Lindbo, D Havlin, J Kozlowski, D Robinson, C AF Lindbo, David Havlin, John Kozlowski, Deb Robinson, Clay BE Lindbo, DL Kozlowski, DA Robinson, C TI KNOW SOIL, KNOW LIFE SO KNOW SOIL KNOW LIFE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Lindbo, David] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Environm Soil Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Lindbo, David] USDA ARS, Water Qual, Res, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Lindbo, David] UMass, Amherst, MA USA. [Lindbo, David] Mass DEP, Springfield, MA USA. [Havlin, John] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Havlin, John] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Kozlowski, Deb] UNH, Durham, NH USA. [Kozlowski, Deb] Woods Charter Sch, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Iowa State Univ, Soil Sci, Ames, IA USA. RP Lindbo, D (reprint author), NCSU, Raleigh, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA BN 978-0-89118-955-8; 978-0-89118-954-1 PY 2012 BP 1 EP 14 DI 10.2136/2012.knowsoil.c1 D2 10.2136/2012.knowsoil PG 14 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA BE3IP UT WOS:000370783200002 ER PT B AU Lindbo, D Adewunmi, W Hayes, R AF Lindbo, David Adewunmi, Wale Hayes, Rich BE Lindbo, DL Kozlowski, DA Robinson, C TI PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL AND SOIL FORMATION SO KNOW SOIL KNOW LIFE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Lindbo, David] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Environm Soil Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Lindbo, David] USDA ARS, Water Qual, Res, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Lindbo, David] UMass, Amherst, MA USA. [Lindbo, David] Mass DEP, Worcester, MA USA. [Hayes, Rich] Chatham Soil & Water Conservat Dist, Pittsboro, NC USA. [Hayes, Rich] North Carolina Assoc Soil & Water Conservat Dist, Raleigh, NC USA. [Hayes, Rich] Soil Sci Soc North Carolina, Raleigh, NC USA. RP Lindbo, D (reprint author), NCSU, Raleigh, NC USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA BN 978-0-89118-955-8; 978-0-89118-954-1 PY 2012 BP 15 EP 48 DI 10.2136/2012.knowsoil.c2 D2 10.2136/2012.knowsoil PG 34 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA BE3IP UT WOS:000370783200003 ER PT B AU Lindbo, D Malo, D Robinson, C AF Lindbo, David Malo, Doug Robinson, Clay BE Lindbo, DL Kozlowski, DA Robinson, C TI SOIL CLASSIFICATION, SOIL SURVEY, AND INTERPRETATIONS OF SOIL SO KNOW SOIL KNOW LIFE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Lindbo, David] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Environm Soil Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Lindbo, David] USDA ARS, Water Qual, Res, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Lindbo, David] UMass, Amherst, MA USA. [Lindbo, David] Mass DEP, Worcester, MA USA. [Malo, Doug] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Pedol, Brookings, SD USA. [Malo, Doug] SDSU Soil Judging Team, Brookings, SD USA. Iowa State Univ, Soil Sci, Ames, IA USA. RP Lindbo, D (reprint author), NCSU, Raleigh, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA BN 978-0-89118-955-8; 978-0-89118-954-1 PY 2012 BP 83 EP 108 DI 10.2136/2012.knowsoil.c5 D2 10.2136/2012.knowsoil PG 26 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA BE3IP UT WOS:000370783200006 ER PT B AU Robinson, C Adewunmi, W Lindbo, D Moebius-Clune, B AF Robinson, Clay Adewunmi, Wale Lindbo, David Moebius-Clune, Bianca BE Lindbo, DL Kozlowski, DA Robinson, C TI ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE, SOIL CONSERVATION, AND LAND USE MANAGEMENT SO KNOW SOIL KNOW LIFE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Robinson, Clay] Iowa State Univ, Soil Sci, Ames, IA USA. [Lindbo, David] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Environm Soil Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Lindbo, David] USDA ARS, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Lindbo, David] UMass, Amherst, MA USA. [Lindbo, David] Mass DEP, Worcester, MA USA. [Moebius-Clune, Bianca] Cornell Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Moebius-Clune, Bianca] Univ New Hampshire, Soil Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Robinson, C (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Soil Sci, Ames, IA USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA BN 978-0-89118-955-8; 978-0-89118-954-1 PY 2012 BP 109 EP 138 DI 10.2136/2012.knowsoil.c6 D2 10.2136/2012.knowsoil PG 30 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA BE3IP UT WOS:000370783200007 ER PT B AU Robinson, C Adewunmi, W Lindbo, D AF Robinson, Clay Adewunmi, Wale Lindbo, David BE Lindbo, DL Kozlowski, DA Robinson, C TI SOILS AND BIOMES SO KNOW SOIL KNOW LIFE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Robinson, Clay] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Lindbo, David] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Environm Soil Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Lindbo, David] USDA ARS, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Lindbo, David] UMass, Amherst, MA USA. [Lindbo, David] Mass DEP, Worcester, MA USA. RP Robinson, C (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA BN 978-0-89118-955-8; 978-0-89118-954-1 PY 2012 BP 139 EP 162 DI 10.2136/2012.knowsoil.c7 D2 10.2136/2012.knowsoil PG 24 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA BE3IP UT WOS:000370783200008 ER PT B AU Szulczewski, M Liesch, M Lindbo, D Havlin, J AF Szulczewski, Melanie Liesch, Mandy Lindbo, David Havlin, John BE Lindbo, DL Kozlowski, DA Robinson, C TI SOILS AND SOCIETY SO KNOW SOIL KNOW LIFE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Liesch, Mandy] N Carolina State Univ, Soil Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Lindbo, David] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Environm Soil Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Lindbo, David] USDA ARS, Water Qual, Res, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Lindbo, David] UMass, Amherst, MA USA. [Lindbo, David] Mass DEP, Worcester, MA USA. [Havlin, John] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Havlin, John] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Szulczewski, M (reprint author), Univ Mary Washington, Environm Sci, Fredericksburg, VA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA BN 978-0-89118-955-8; 978-0-89118-954-1 PY 2012 BP 163 EP 182 DI 10.2136/2012.knowsoil.c8 D2 10.2136/2012.knowsoil PG 20 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA BE3IP UT WOS:000370783200009 ER PT B AU Chapman, S Lindbo, D AF Chapman, Susan Lindbo, David BE Lindbo, DL Kozlowski, DA Robinson, C TI CAREERS IN SOIL SCIENCE: DIG IN, MAKE A DIFFERENCE SO KNOW SOIL KNOW LIFE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Chapman, Susan] Soil Sci Soc Amer, Member Serv, Fitchburg, WI 53711 USA. [Chapman, Susan] Soil Sci Soc Amer, Fitchburg, WI USA. [Lindbo, David] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Environm Soil Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Lindbo, David] USDA ARS, Water Qual, Res, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Lindbo, David] UMass, Amherst, MA USA. [Lindbo, David] Mass DEP, Worcester, MA USA. RP Chapman, S (reprint author), Soil Sci Soc Amer, Member Serv, Fitchburg, WI 53711 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA BN 978-0-89118-955-8; 978-0-89118-954-1 PY 2012 BP 183 EP 198 D2 10.2136/2012.knowsoil PG 16 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA BE3IP UT WOS:000370783200010 ER PT B AU Lindbo, D Kozlowski, D AF Lindbo, David Kozlowski, Deb BE Lindbo, DL Kozlowski, DA Robinson, C TI KNOW SOIL KNOW LIFE SUMMARY AND PERSPECTIVES SO KNOW SOIL KNOW LIFE LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Lindbo, David] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Environm Soil Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Lindbo, David] USDA ARS, Water Qual, Res, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Lindbo, David] UMass, Amherst, MA USA. [Lindbo, David] Mass DEP, Worcester, MA USA. [Kozlowski, Deb] UNH, Raleigh, NC USA. [Kozlowski, Deb] Woods Charter Sch, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Lindbo, D (reprint author), NCSU, Raleigh, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA BN 978-0-89118-955-8; 978-0-89118-954-1 PY 2012 BP 199 EP 206 DI 10.2136/2012.knowsoil.c10 D2 10.2136/2012.knowsoil PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA BE3IP UT WOS:000370783200011 ER PT B AU Li, CJ Li, RW Elsasser, TH AF Li, Cong-jun Li, Robert W. Elsasser, Ted H. BE Khatib, H TI Nutrients and Epigenetics in Bovine Cells SO LIVESTOCK EPIGENETICS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID STEROL REGULATORY ELEMENT; HISTONE DEACETYLASE INHIBITORS; KIDNEY EPITHELIAL-CELLS; LEUCINE ZIPPER PROTEIN; DNA-REPLICATION; VITAMIN-E; CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; GENE-TRANSCRIPTION; GROWTH-INHIBITION; TRICHOSTATIN-A AB Research in epigenomics, especially nutrigenomics, is still in its infancy regarding farm animals. Nutrigenomics, as an extension of epigenomics, explores the effects of nutrients on the genome, the activity of genes, expression of the proteome and metabolome, and epigenetics. In cattle, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are common and important nutrients. It also represents one definitive example of the nutrient-epigenetic-phenotype relationship. Butyrate induces modification of histones and changes several biological processes in bovine cells. These processes include cellular differentiation, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. Butyrate also has been found to regulate transcriptional activities of bovine cells. In this chapter, we exam the biological effects of SCFAs, especially the butyrate, and the underlying mechanisms of SCFAs affecting cellular functions, such as histone acetylation and gene regulation. We believe that this is a great research opportunity and exploring this area will provide a better understanding of the role of dietary components in changing epigenetic patterns and certainly will have important impacts on functional genomic research in bovines and in the farm animal industry. C1 [Li, Cong-jun; Li, Robert W.; Elsasser, Ted H.] ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Washington, DC USA. RP Li, CJ (reprint author), ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Washington, DC USA. NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-119-94990-9; 978-0-470-95859-9 PY 2012 BP 161 EP 177 D2 10.1002/9781119949930 PG 17 WC Genetics & Heredity; Veterinary Sciences SC Genetics & Heredity; Veterinary Sciences GA BA5XE UT WOS:000337049800011 ER PT J AU Narro, LA Duran, JF George, MLC Arcos, AL Osorio, KV Warburton, ML AF Narro, Luis A. Duran, Jorge Franco George, Maria Luz C. Lucia Arcos, Alba Viviana Osorio, Karen Warburton, Marilyn L. TI Comparison of the performance of synthetic maize varieties created based on either genetic distance or general combining ability of the parents SO MAYDICA LA English DT Article DE maize; General Combining Ability (GCA); Genetic Similarity (GS); synthetic varieties AB Synthetics varieties are grown by farmers and used by breeders to select new inbred lines. In countries unable to market hybrids, use of synthetics leads to yield improvements over landraces. Synthetics are derived from intercrossing inbred lines known to possess high general combining ability (GCA) as measured via crossing with testers and phenotyping for yield in multiple environments. Genetic similarity (GS) between lines measured by molecular markers may efficiently estimate GCA. Although the prediction of specific combining ability (SCA) of lines via GS has not been successful, it may have potential to predict the suitability of lines to form a synthetic variety. As this has not been reported, the objective of this research was to compare the performance of four synthetic maize varieties developed using GS calculated between parents using SSR markers with the performance of synthetics developed using GCA based on yield. Synthetics were phenotyped for yield and other agronomic traits in replicated field trials in several environments. The two synthetics formed based on low GS (0.34 and 0.33) performed better than all other synthetics in yield and most agronomic traits. The synthetics formed based on high GS (0.77 and 0.53), performed worst for nearly all traits. The GCA-based synthetics were generally intermediate for all traits. Response of synthetics to environmental variation and efficiencies gained via use of molecular markers in synthetic formation is discussed. C1 [Narro, Luis A.; Lucia Arcos, Alba; Viviana Osorio, Karen] CIAT, Int Maize & Wheat Improvement Ctr CIMMYT Colombia, Global Maize Program, Cali 6713, Colombia. [Duran, Jorge Franco] Int Inst Trop Agr, Biometr Unit, Ibadan, Nigeria. [George, Maria Luz C.] Int Maize & Wheat Improvement Ctr CIMMYT, Project Management Unit, Mexico City 06600, DF, Mexico. [Warburton, Marilyn L.] ARS, USDA, Corn Host Plant Resistance Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Warburton, ML (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Corn Host Plant Resistance Res Unit, POB 9555, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM marilyn.warburton@ars.usda.gov NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MAYDICA-IST SPER CEREALICOLTUR PI BERGAMO PA SEZ DI BERGAMO VIA STEZZANO, 24, 24100 BERGAMO, ITALY SN 0025-6153 EI 2279-8013 J9 MAYDICA JI Maydica PY 2012 VL 57 IS 1-4 BP 83 EP 91 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA V35ZE UT WOS:000209182700011 ER PT J AU Benavente, LM Ding, XS Redinbaugh, MG Nelson, RS Balint-Kurti, P AF Benavente, Larissa M. Ding, Xin Shun Redinbaugh, Margaret G. Nelson, Richard S. Balint-Kurti, Peter TI Virus-Induced Gene Silencing in Diverse Maize Lines Using the Brome Mosaic Virus-based silencing vector SO MAYDICA LA English DT Article DE RNA silencing; VIGS; Brome Mosaic Virus; vascular puncture; gene expression; phytoene desaturase AB Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is a widely used tool for gene function studies in many plant species, though its use in cereals has been limited. In addition, within cereal species the varieties that best respond during VIGS screens are often not known. Using a Brome mosaic virus (BMV) vector designed to silence the maize phytoene desaturase (PDS) gene, a genetically diverse set of maize inbred lines was screened for development of gene silencing after inoculation of seeds through the novel use of a vascular puncture inoculation technique. In addition to Va35, which previously was shown to support silencing, maize lines NC300, Ki11, Oh7b, M162W and CML52 displayed significant visible photobleaching when challenged with the BMV-PDS. In these plants, targeted PDS mRNA expression was decreased 50-80% relative to levels in plants that were inoculated with BMV containing a fragment of the GUS gene or were mock-inoculated. C1 [Benavente, Larissa M.; Balint-Kurti, Peter] USDA, Plant Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Ding, Xin Shun; Nelson, Richard S.] Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Ardmore, OK USA. [Redinbaugh, Margaret G.] Ohio State Univ, USDA, Corn Soybean & Wheat Qual Res Unit, Wooster, OH USA. [Redinbaugh, Margaret G.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Wooster, OH USA. [Balint-Kurti, Peter] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Balint-Kurti, P (reprint author), USDA, Plant Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. EM Peter.Balint-Kurti@ars.usda.gov RI Redinbaugh, Margaret/A-3611-2013; OI Balint-Kurti, Peter/0000-0002-3916-194X FU ARS Research Associate Program fellowship; Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation Inc FX We thank Chris Nacci for teaching LB and PBK the VPI technique, and Kristen Willie for expert technical assistance. We thank Janet Shurtleff, Carol Saravitz and the staff of the NCSU phytotron for their expert help and use of their facilities. Dr Jose Alonso and Anna Stepanova, Department of Genetics, NCSU provided Agrobacterium strain C58. The pictures in Figure 1 were taken by Ken Chamberlain. This work was partially funded by an ARS Research Associate Program fellowship to LB and by the Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation Inc to RSN. NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU MAYDICA-IST SPER CEREALICOLTUR PI BERGAMO PA SEZ DI BERGAMO VIA STEZZANO, 24, 24100 BERGAMO, ITALY SN 0025-6153 EI 2279-8013 J9 MAYDICA JI Maydica PY 2012 VL 57 IS 1-4 BP 206 EP 214 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA V35ZE UT WOS:000209182700027 ER PT J AU Mendoza, J Bendix, C Meeley, R Harmon, FG AF Mendoza, Juan Bendix, Claire Meeley, Robert Harmon, Frank G. TI The homeologous Zea mays gigantea genes: characterization of expression and novel mutant alleles SO MAYDICA LA English DT Article DE gigantea; circadian clock; photoperiod; Mutator; maize AB The two homeologous Zea mays gigantea (gi) genes, gi1 and gi2, arose from the last genome duplication event in the maize lineage. Homo logs of these genes in other species are required for correct circadian rhythms and proper regulation of growth and development. Here we characterized the expression of these two maize gi genes. Although gi1 and gi2 shared comparable 24-hour rhythmic expression profiles, gi1 levels were consistently higher than gi2. Furthermore, short day photoperiods repressed gi2 expression. The transcriptional unit for gi1 is established based on 5'-RACE analysis. Two independent mutant alleles for gi1 are described that are caused by transposons of the Mutator (Mu) class inserted into the 5'-end of the gene. The type of Mu element and position of the transposon in gi1 was different for each gi1 allele. Mutant plants had a marked reduction in gi1 expression and carried transcripts interrupted by the Mu element. Together, these results provide a deeper understanding of the gi genes in maize. In addition, the novel gi1 mutant alleles described here will be valuable tools to study gi1 function in maize, as well as the role of circadian clock regulation in maize metabolism, growth, and development. C1 [Mendoza, Juan; Harmon, Frank G.] USDA ARS, Ctr Plant Gene Express, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Bendix, Claire; Harmon, Frank G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Meeley, Robert] Pioneer Hi Bred A DuPont Business, Crop Genet Res, Johnston, IA 50130 USA. RP Harmon, FG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Plant Gene Express, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM fharmon@berkeley.edu FU USDA [5335-21000-026-00D] FX The authors thank Jeffrey Omotoy, Carolyn Duong, and Sam Hayward for technical assistance. This work is supported by USDA in-house grant 5335-21000-026-00D to FGH. NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU MAYDICA-IST SPER CEREALICOLTUR PI BERGAMO PA SEZ DI BERGAMO VIA STEZZANO, 24, 24100 BERGAMO, ITALY SN 0025-6153 EI 2279-8013 J9 MAYDICA JI Maydica PY 2012 VL 57 IS 1-4 BP 252 EP 259 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA V35ZE UT WOS:000209182700034 ER PT B AU Edrington, TS Nisbet, DJ AF Edrington, Tom S. Nisbet, David J. BE Watson, RR TI Melatonin and Food Safety: Investigating a Possible Role in the Seasonality of the Bacterial Pathogen Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Cattle SO MELATONIN IN THE PROMOTION OF HEALTH, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC SYNDROME; GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT; IMMUNE FUNCTION; PINEALECTOMIZED RATS; DIURNAL-VARIATION; BEEF-CATTLE; O157-H7; TRYPTOPHAN; TISSUES; PREVALENCE C1 [Edrington, Tom S.; Nisbet, David J.] USDA ARS, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Edrington, TS (reprint author), USDA ARS, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. NR 47 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-3980-5; 978-1-4398-3979-9 PY 2012 BP 211 EP 218 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Neurosciences SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Neurosciences & Neurology GA BC6XW UT WOS:000354571600013 ER PT S AU Tunick, MH AF Tunick, Michael H. BE Otles, S TI Choosing Techniques for Analysis of Food SO METHODS OF ANALYSIS OF FOOD COMPONENTS AND ADDITIVES, 2ND EDITION SE Chemical and Functional Properties of Food Components Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Tunick, MH (reprint author), USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA SN 1555-5127 BN 978-1-4398-1553-3; 978-1-4398-1552-6 J9 CHEM FUNCT PROP FOOD PY 2012 BP 1 EP 14 PG 14 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BC6MR UT WOS:000354124700002 ER PT S AU Moreau, RA Winkler-Moser, JK AF Moreau, Robert A. Winkler-Moser, Jill K. BE Otles, S TI Extraction and Analysis of Food Lipids SO METHODS OF ANALYSIS OF FOOD COMPONENTS AND ADDITIVES, 2ND EDITION SE Chemical and Functional Properties of Food Components Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PLANT STEROLS; FATTY-ACIDS; SEPARATION; COLUMNS; TISSUES; ESTERS; CORN; QUANTIFICATION C1 [Moreau, Robert A.] USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Winkler-Moser, Jill K.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Moreau, RA (reprint author), USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA SN 1555-5127 BN 978-1-4398-1553-3; 978-1-4398-1552-6 J9 CHEM FUNCT PROP FOOD PY 2012 BP 115 EP 133 PG 19 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BC6MR UT WOS:000354124700007 ER PT S AU Otles, S Karaibrahimoglu, Y AF Otles, Semih Karaibrahimoglu, Yildiz BE Otles, S TI Analysis of Vitamins for Health, Pharmaceutical, and Food Sciences SO METHODS OF ANALYSIS OF FOOD COMPONENTS AND ADDITIVES, 2ND EDITION SE Chemical and Functional Properties of Food Components Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; WATER-SOLUBLE VITAMINS; SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION; EMULSIFIED NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTS; SUPERCRITICAL-FLUID EXTRACTION; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; HPLC ANALYSIS; FLUOROMETRIC-DETERMINATION; VOLTAMMETRIC DETERMINATION; ASCORBIC-ACID C1 [Otles, Semih] Ege Univ, Izmir, Turkey. [Karaibrahimoglu, Yildiz] USDA, Wyndmoor, PA USA. RP Otles, S (reprint author), Ege Univ, Izmir, Turkey. NR 112 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA SN 1555-5127 BN 978-1-4398-1553-3; 978-1-4398-1552-6 J9 CHEM FUNCT PROP FOOD PY 2012 BP 211 EP 230 PG 20 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BC6MR UT WOS:000354124700010 ER PT S AU Lehotay, SJ Mastovska, K AF Lehotay, Steven J. Mastovska, Katerina BE Otles, S TI Determination of Pesticide Residues SO METHODS OF ANALYSIS OF FOOD COMPONENTS AND ADDITIVES, 2ND EDITION SE Chemical and Functional Properties of Food Components Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CHROMATOGRAPHY/TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CAPILLARY GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION; SUPERCRITICAL-FLUID EXTRACTION; ACCELERATED SOLVENT-EXTRACTION; ON-COLUMN INJECTION; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; MULTIRESIDUE METHOD; SAMPLE PREPARATION; RESPONSE ENHANCEMENT C1 [Lehotay, Steven J.] USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Mastovska, Katerina] Covance, Greenfield, IN USA. RP Lehotay, SJ (reprint author), USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. NR 77 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA SN 1555-5127 BN 978-1-4398-1553-3; 978-1-4398-1552-6 J9 CHEM FUNCT PROP FOOD PY 2012 BP 375 EP 404 PG 30 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BC6MR UT WOS:000354124700015 ER PT S AU Diez-Gonzalez, F Karaibrahimoglu, Y AF Diez-Gonzalez, Francisco Karaibrahimoglu, Yildiz BE Otles, S TI Rapid Analysis Techniques in Food Microbiology SO METHODS OF ANALYSIS OF FOOD COMPONENTS AND ADDITIVES, 2ND EDITION SE Chemical and Functional Properties of Food Components Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; GRID MEMBRANE-FILTER; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; FLUOROGENIC PROBE; PLATE-COUNT; TEST SYSTEM; SALMONELLA; PCR; MICROORGANISMS C1 [Diez-Gonzalez, Francisco] Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Karaibrahimoglu, Yildiz] USDA, Wyndmoor, PA USA. RP Diez-Gonzalez, F (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA SN 1555-5127 BN 978-1-4398-1553-3; 978-1-4398-1552-6 J9 CHEM FUNCT PROP FOOD PY 2012 BP 455 EP 471 PG 17 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BC6MR UT WOS:000354124700019 ER PT B AU Dawson, HD AF Dawson, Harry D. BE McAnulty, PA Dayan, AD Ganderup, NC Hastings, KL TI A Comparative Assessment of the Pig, Mouse and Human Genomes Structural and Functional Analysis of Genes Involved in Immunity and Inflammation SO MINIPIG IN BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PORCINE ENDOGENOUS RETROVIRUS; INHIBITORY FACTOR GENE; ALPHA MESSENGER-RNA; PROTEIN-KINASE PKR; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR; HUMAN TNF-ALPHA; MOLECULAR-CLONING; DC-SIGN; DENDRITIC CELLS; SUS-SCROFA C1 USDA, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Dawson, HD (reprint author), USDA, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 203 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-1119-1; 978-1-4398-1118-4 PY 2012 BP 323 EP 342 PG 20 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Veterinary Sciences SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Veterinary Sciences GA BC6GS UT WOS:000353913300023 ER PT J AU Shaner, DL Stidham, M Singh, B Tan, SY AF Shaner, Dale L. Stidham, Mark Singh, Bijay Tan, Siyuan BE Kramer, W Schirmer, U Jeschke, P Witschel, M TI Imidazolinone Herbicides SO MODERN CROP PROTECTION COMPOUNDS, VOLS 1-3, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ACETOHYDROXYACID SYNTHASE; CHLORSULFURON; ABSORPTION; BINDING; CROPS C1 [Shaner, Dale L.] ARS, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Stidham, Mark] Trius Therapeut, San Diego, CA 92128 USA. [Singh, Bijay; Tan, Siyuan] BASF Corp, Raleigh, NC 27709 USA. RP Shaner, DL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 2150 Ctr Ave Bldg D,Suite 320, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. NR 38 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PAPPELALLEE 3, W-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY BN 978-3-527-32965-6 PY 2012 BP 88 EP 99 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Chemistry, Applied SC Agriculture; Chemistry GA BA9WF UT WOS:000339916700006 ER PT B AU Gao, ZQ Gao, W Chang, NB AF Gao, Zhiqiang Gao, Wei Chang, Ni-Bin BE Chang, NB Hong, Y TI Developing a Composite Indicator with Landsat Thematic Mapper/Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus Images for Drought Assessment in a Coastal Urban Region SO MULTISCALE HYDROLOGIC REMOTE SENSING: PERSPECTIVES AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SOIL-WATER CONTENT; DIFFERENCE VEGETATION INDEX; ENERGY BALANCE ALGORITHM; SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; THERMAL INERTIA; NOAA-AVHRR; GLOBAL VEGETATION; SPECTRAL INDEXES; LOESS PLATEAU; HEAT-ISLAND C1 [Gao, Zhiqiang; Gao, Wei] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, USDA UV B Monitoring & Res Program, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Gao, Zhiqiang] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Chang, Ni-Bin] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Civil Environm & Construct Engn, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. RP Gao, ZQ (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, USDA UV B Monitoring & Res Program, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. NR 69 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-7763-0; 978-1-4398-7745-6 PY 2012 BP 139 EP 165 D2 10.1201/b11279 PG 27 WC Remote Sensing; Water Resources SC Remote Sensing; Water Resources GA BC8ER UT WOS:000355569800008 ER PT B AU Nghiem, NP Nguyen, CM Drapcho, CM Walker, TH AF Nghiem, Nhuan P. Nguyen, Chon M. Drapcho, Caye M. Walker, Terry H. BE Laudon, M Romanowicz, B TI Sweet Sorghum Biorefinery for Production of Fuel Ethanol and Value-added Co-products SO NANOTECHNOLOGY 2012, VOL 3: BIO SENSORS, INSTRUMENTS, MEDICAL, ENVIRONMENT AND ENERGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT NSTI Nanotechnology Conference and Expo (Nanotech 2012) CY JUN 18-21, 2012 CL Santa Clara, CA SP ACCT Canada, Anaheim Ctr New Energy Technol, Angel Capital Assoc, Antenna Syst Magazine, Appl Mat, Arsenal Venture Partners, Austin Energy, AUTM, BASF, Battery Power Magazine, Carbon Credit Capital, CHInano2011, Clean Technol & Sustainable Ind, Org CTSI, Circuits Multi Projets, Constellat Energy, Eco Business com, EcoSeed, European Patent Off, Fraunhofer TechBridge, GigaOM, Green Blog Network, Greenberg Traurig, Hitachi High Technol Am Inc, Inst Civil Engineers, Insight InterAsia, IOP Publish, Jackson Walker LLP, Japan Technol Grp, Kauffman Fdn, Lam Res Corp, Licens Execut Soc, Lux Res, Mead Westvaco, MEMS Ind Grp, Nano Sci & Technol Inst, nano tech Japan, Natl Grid, Natl Venture Capital Assoc, Nanotechnol Ind Assoc, NE Utilities, PPG Ind, SciTech Patent Art, Shell GameChanger, SK Innovat, So California Edison, Taylor & Francis Grp LLC - CRC Press, TechConnect, Texas Nanotechnol Initiat, Env Business Cluster, Natl Assoc Seed & Venture, Funds NASVF, Zyvex Technol DE sweet sorghum; fuel ethanol; biomass; bioconversion; biorefinery; value-added products AB An integrated process has been developed for a sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) biorefinery in which all carbohydrate components of the feestock are used for production of fuel ethanol and industrial chemicals. In the first step, the juice is extracted from the stalks. The resulted straw (bagasse) then is pretreated using the soaking in aqueous ammonia (SAA) process, which does not result in significant loss of hemicellulose, to enhance subsequent enzyme hydrolysis for production of fermentable sugars. Following pretreatment the straw is hydrolyzed first with commercial enzyme product containing high hemicellulase activity (Accellerase XY). The xylose-rich solution obtained after solid/liquid separation is used for production of value-added co-products using suitable microorganisms. The value-added co-products produced to demonstrate the feasibility include astaxanthin and D-ribose. The residual solids then are hydrolyzed with commercial enzyme product containing high cellulase activity (Accellerase 1500) with the juice extracted in the first step being used as make-up water. By combining the sugar in the juice with the glucose released from the residual solids by enzyme hydrolysis high ethanol concentrations can be achieved, which results in lower distillation cost than if pure water is used for enzyme hydrolysis and subsequent fermentation as normally performed in cellulosic ethanol production. C1 [Nghiem, Nhuan P.] USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Philadelphia, PA 19118 USA. [Nguyen, Chon M.] Can Tho In Serv Training Univ, Can Tho, Vietnam. [Drapcho, Caye M.; Walker, Terry H.] Clemson Univ, Clemson, SC USA. RP Nghiem, NP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Philadelphia, PA 19118 USA. EM John.nghiem@ars.usda.gov; nmchon@dhtcct.edu.vn; cdrapch@clemson.edu; walker4@clemson.edu NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-6276-9 PY 2012 BP 475 EP 478 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Biomedical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Toxicology SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Toxicology GA BG7DZ UT WOS:000391249300123 ER PT B AU Cross, L Schueneman, G Mintz, E AF Cross, L. Schueneman, G. Mintz, E. BE Laudon, M Romanowicz, B TI Polymer Matrix Nanocomposites via Forest Derived Nanomaterials SO NANOTECHNOLOGY 2012, VOL 3: BIO SENSORS, INSTRUMENTS, MEDICAL, ENVIRONMENT AND ENERGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT NSTI Nanotechnology Conference and Expo (Nanotech 2012) CY JUN 18-21, 2012 CL Santa Clara, CA SP ACCT Canada, Anaheim Ctr New Energy Technol, Angel Capital Assoc, Antenna Syst Magazine, Appl Mat, Arsenal Venture Partners, Austin Energy, AUTM, BASF, Battery Power Magazine, Carbon Credit Capital, CHInano2011, Clean Technol & Sustainable Ind, Org CTSI, Circuits Multi Projets, Constellat Energy, Eco Business com, EcoSeed, European Patent Off, Fraunhofer TechBridge, GigaOM, Green Blog Network, Greenberg Traurig, Hitachi High Technol Am Inc, Inst Civil Engineers, Insight InterAsia, IOP Publish, Jackson Walker LLP, Japan Technol Grp, Kauffman Fdn, Lam Res Corp, Licens Execut Soc, Lux Res, Mead Westvaco, MEMS Ind Grp, Nano Sci & Technol Inst, nano tech Japan, Natl Grid, Natl Venture Capital Assoc, Nanotechnol Ind Assoc, NE Utilities, PPG Ind, SciTech Patent Art, Shell GameChanger, SK Innovat, So California Edison, Taylor & Francis Grp LLC - CRC Press, TechConnect, Texas Nanotechnol Initiat, Env Business Cluster, Natl Assoc Seed & Venture, Funds NASVF, Zyvex Technol DE cellulose nanocrystals; epoxy; coating; abrasion resistance; modulus; water absorption ID CELLULOSE; WHISKERS AB Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) produced from sulfuric acid hydrolysis of wood pulp were added directly to an industrially relevant waterborne (WB) epoxy coating formulation for metal protection. The nanocomposites and unfilled epoxy were evaluated for changes in mechanical, thermal, and moisture absorption behavior. The performance enhancement seen in these nanocomposites provides evidence for forest derived CNCs being a promising reinforcing phase for petroleum based and bioderived polymer matrix composites (PMCs). C1 [Cross, L.; Mintz, E.] Clark Atlanta Univ, Dept Chem, 223 James P Brawle Dr SW, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. [Schueneman, G.] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Cross, L (reprint author), Clark Atlanta Univ, Dept Chem, 223 James P Brawle Dr SW, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. EM lionel.cross0@gmail.com; gtschueneman@fs.fed.us; emintz@cau.edu NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-6276-9 PY 2012 BP 708 EP 711 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Biomedical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Toxicology SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Toxicology GA BG7DZ UT WOS:000391249300186 ER PT B AU Brown, A Paterson, AH Li, L AF Brown, Allan Paterson, Andrew H. Li, Li BE Benkeblia, N TI Genomics and Breeding in Food Crops SO OMICS TECHNOLOGIES: TOOLS FOR FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ORYZA-SATIVA L.; SITE-SPECIFIC RECOMBINATION; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; FLOWERING TIME; BRASSICA-RAPA; RICE GENOME; PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY; GENE IDENTIFICATION; DUPLICATION EVENTS; SEQUENCE DATABASE C1 [Brown, Allan] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Plants Human Hlth Inst, Kannapolis, NC 28081 USA. [Paterson, Andrew H.] Univ Georgia, Plant Genome Mapping Lab, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Li, Li] ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, USDA, Ithaca, NY USA. [Li, Li] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY USA. RP Brown, A (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Plants Human Hlth Inst, Kannapolis, NC 28081 USA. NR 121 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-3707-8; 978-1-4398-3706-1 PY 2012 BP 141 EP 162 D2 10.1201/b11534 PG 22 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BC9KJ UT WOS:000356519700008 ER PT B AU Yu, JJ Bhatnagar, D Cleveland, TE Payne, G Nierman, WC Bennett, JW AF Yu, Jiujiang Bhatnagar, Deepak Cleveland, Thomas E. Payne, Gary Nierman, William C. Bennett, Joan W. BE Benkeblia, N TI Aspergillus flavus Genetics and Genomics in Solving Mycotoxin Contamination of Food and Feed SO OMICS TECHNOLOGIES: TOOLS FOR FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID 3-NITROPROPIONIC ACID 3-NPA; CHEMICALLY-DEFINED MEDIUM; AFLATOXIN BIOSYNTHETIC-PATHWAY; REGULATORY PROTEIN AFLR; CYCLOPIAZONIC ACID; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; SECONDARY METABOLISM; SCLEROTIAL PRODUCTION; MOLECULAR-BIOLOGY; NORSOLORINIC ACID C1 [Yu, Jiujiang; Bhatnagar, Deepak; Cleveland, Thomas E.] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70121 USA. [Payne, Gary] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Nierman, William C.] J Craig Venter Inst, Rockville, MD USA. [Nierman, William C.] George Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Washington, DC USA. [Bennett, Joan W.] Rutgers State Univ, Sch Environm & Biol Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. RP Yu, JJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70121 USA. NR 273 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-3707-8; 978-1-4398-3706-1 PY 2012 BP 367 EP 402 D2 10.1201/b11534 PG 36 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BC9KJ UT WOS:000356519700016 ER PT S AU Van Deynze, A Stoffel, K Lee, M Wilkins, TA Kozik, A Cantrell, RG Yu, JZ Kohel, RJ Stelly, DM AF Van Deynze, Allen Stoffel, Kevin Lee, Mike Wilkins, Thea A. Kozik, Alexander Cantrell, Roy G. Yu, John Z. Kohel, Russel J. Stelly, David M. BE Stewart, P Globig, S TI Sampling Nucleotide Diversity in Cotton SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY SE Research Progress in Botany LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Conserved orthologous set; Restriction fragment length polymorphisms; Simple sequence repeats; Single nucleotide polymorphisms C1 [Van Deynze, Allen; Stoffel, Kevin; Lee, Mike] Univ Calif Davis, Seed Biotechnol Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Wilkins, Thea A.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Kozik, Alexander] Univ Calif Davis, Genome & Biomed Sci Facil, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Cantrell, Roy G.] Monsanto Co, St Louis, MO 63167 USA. [Yu, John Z.; Kohel, Russel J.] USDA ARS, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Stelly, David M.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Van Deynze, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Seed Biotechnol Ctr, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU APPLE ACAD PRESS INC PI OAKVILLE PA 3333 MISTWELL CRESCENT, OAKVILLE, ON L6L 0A2, CANADA SN 2292-8855 BN 978-1-4665-5842-7; 978-1-926692-69-2 J9 RES PROG BOTANY PY 2012 BP 1 EP 14 PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA BD5PW UT WOS:000361720100002 ER PT S AU O'Rourke, JA Nelson, RT Grant, D Schmutz, J Grimwood, J Cannon, S Vance, CP Graham, MA Shoemaker, RC AF O'Rourke, Jamie A. Nelson, Rex T. Grant, David Schmutz, Jeremy Grimwood, Jane Cannon, Steven Vance, Carroll P. Graham, Michelle A. Shoemaker, Randy C. BE Stewart, P Globig, S TI Soybeans Iron Deficiency Response SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY SE Research Progress in Botany LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Basic helix loop helix; Iron deficiency chlorosis; Quantitative Trait Locus; Robust multichip analysis; Single feature polymorphisms; Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms C1 [O'Rourke, Jamie A.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Genet Dev & Cellular Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Nelson, Rex T.; Grant, David; Cannon, Steven; Graham, Michelle A.; Shoemaker, Randy C.] Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, Corn Insect & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Schmutz, Jeremy; Grimwood, Jane] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, Joint Genome Inst,Stanford Human Genome Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Vance, Carroll P.] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Shoemaker, Randy C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP O'Rourke, JA (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Genet Dev & Cellular Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU APPLE ACAD PRESS INC PI OAKVILLE PA 3333 MISTWELL CRESCENT, OAKVILLE, ON L6L 0A2, CANADA SN 2292-8855 BN 978-1-4665-5842-7; 978-1-926692-69-2 J9 RES PROG BOTANY PY 2012 BP 154 EP 175 PG 22 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA BD5PW UT WOS:000361720100010 ER PT B AU Michopoulos, JG Iliopoulos, A Hermanson, JC Orifici, AC Thomson, RS AF Michopoulos, John G. Iliopoulos, Athanasios Hermanson, John C. Orifici, Adrian C. Thomson, Rodney S. GP ASME TI PRELIMINARY VALIDATION OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL CONSTITUTIVE CHARACTERIZATION SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE 2012, VOL 2, PTS A AND B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences/Computers Information in Engineering Conference CY AUG 12-15, 2012 CL Chicago, IL SP ASME, Design Engn Div, ASME, Comp & Informat Engn Div AB This paper is describing the preliminary results of an effort to validate a methodology developed for composite material constitutive characterization. This methodology involves using massive amounts of data produced from multiaxially tested coupons via a 6-DoF robotic system called NRL66.3 developed at the Naval Research Laboratory. The testing is followed by the employment of energy based design optimization principles to solve the inverse problem that determines the unknown parameters of the constitutive model under consideration. In order to validate identified constitutive models, finite element simulations using these models were exercised for three distinct specimen geometries. The first geometry was that of the characterization coupon under multiaxial loading. The second was that of open hole specimens in tension. The final one was that of stiffened panel substructures under tension. Actual experimental data from testing all these specimens were collected by the use of load cells, full field displacement and strain methods and strain gauges. Finally, the theoretical predictions were compared with the experimental ones in terms of strain field distributions and load-strain responses. The comparisons demonstrated excellent predictability of the determined constitutive responses with the predictions always within the error band of the methods used to collect the experimental data. C1 [Michopoulos, John G.] Naval Res Lab, Computat Multiphys Syst Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Iliopoulos, Athanasios] George Mason Univ, Computat Mat Sci Ctr, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Iliopoulos, Athanasios] Naval Res Lab, Resident Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hermanson, John C.] USDA Forest Serv, Wood Based Mat & Structures, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI USA. [Orifici, Adrian C.] RMIT Univ, Sch Aerosp, Mech & Mfg Engn, Victoria 3001, Australia. [Thomson, Rodney S.] Adv Composite Structures Ltd, Cooperat Res Ctr, Victoria 3207, Australia. RP Michopoulos, JG (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Computat Multiphys Syst Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Michopoulos, John/D-6704-2016; OI Michopoulos, John/0000-0001-7004-6838; Orifici, Adrian/0000-0001-8573-7228 FU US Office of Naval Research (ONR) under NICOP [N000140-71-05-68]; Naval Research Laboratory's (NRL); ONR to NRL FX This research was partly supported by the US Office of Naval Research (ONR) under NICOP grant N000140-71-05-68, and Naval Research Laboratory's (NRL) core funding as well as funding from ONR to NRL. The authors gratefully acknowledge the assistance in experimental testing of Mark McVilley of CRC-ACS and Andrew Litchfield of RMIT University. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4501-1 PY 2012 BP 1011 EP + PG 3 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BA4KX UT WOS:000335932700111 ER PT J AU Page-Karjian, A Torres, F Zhang, J Rivera, S Diez, C Moore, PA Moore, D Brown, C AF Page-Karjian, Annie Torres, Fernando Zhang, Jian Rivera, Samuel Diez, Carlos Moore, Phillip A. Moore, Debra Brown, Corrie TI Presence of chelonid fibropapilloma-associated herpesvirus in tumored and non-tumored green turtles, as detected by polymerase chain reaction, in endemic and non-endemic aggregations, Puerto Rico SO SPRINGERPLUS LA English DT Article DE CFPHV; Chelonia mydas; Fibropapillomatosis; Herpesvirus; Laser capture microdissection; Nested PCR AB Fibropapillomatosis (FP), a transmissible neoplastic disease of marine turtles characterized by a likely herpesviral primary etiology, has emerged as an important disease in green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) over the past three decades. The objectives of this study were to determine the suitability of three different chelonid fibropapilloma-associated herpesvirus (CFPHV) gene targets in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays of affected tissues; to explore the presence of CFPHV in non-affected skin from turtles with and without tumors; and to better understand tissue localization of the CFPHV genome in a tumor-free turtle by evaluating CFPHV presence in microanatomic tissue sites. Two aggregations of green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) in Puerto Rico were evaluated, with six sampling intervals over the three-year period 2004-2007. Primary and nested PCR for three different herpesviral gene targets-DNA polymerase, capsid maturation protease, and membrane glycoprotein B- were performed on 201 skin biopsies taken from 126 turtles with and without external tumors. Laser capture microdissection and nested PCR were used to identify tissue localizations of CFPHV in skin from a normal turtle. Of the turtles sampled in Manglar Bay, 30.5% had tumors; at the relatively more pristine Culebrita, 5.3% of turtles sampled had tumors. All three PCR primer combinations successfully amplified CFPHV from tumors, and from normal skin of both tumored and tumor-free turtles. Via nested PCR, the polymerase gene target proved superior to the other two gene targets in the positive detection of CFPHV DNA. CFPHV infection may be common relative to disease incidence, supporting the idea that extrinsic and/or host factors could play a transforming role in tumor expression. Laser capture microdissection revealed CFPHV in skin from a tumor-free turtle, harbored in both epidermal and dermal tissues. Identification of CFPHV harbored in a non-epidermal site (dermis) of a tumor-free turtle indicates that virus is latent in a non-tumored host. C1 [Page-Karjian, Annie; Zhang, Jian; Brown, Corrie] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Pathol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Torres, Fernando] USDA APHIS, Foreign Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. [Rivera, Samuel] Zoo Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30315 USA. [Diez, Carlos] Puerto Rico Dept Nat & Environm Resources, San Juan, PR 00906 USA. [Moore, Phillip A.] Univ Georgia, Dept Small Anim Med & Surg, Coll Vet Med, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Moore, Debra] Caribbean Ctr Marine Studies, Lajas 006670585, Puerto Rico, Brazil. RP Page-Karjian, A (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Pathol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM anniep@uga.edu FU Morris Animal Foundation [D05ZO-042]; US NMFS Section 6 Program FX This research was supported in part by the Morris Animal Foundation, Grant ID# D05ZO-042. Turtle capture funding was provided by the US NMFS Section 6 Program. The authors thank Dr. Albert Camus for use of the laser capture microdissection equipment. NR 34 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 10 PU SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND SN 2193-1801 J9 SPRINGERPLUS JI SpringerPlus PY 2012 VL 1 AR 35 DI 10.1186/2193-1801-1-35 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA V40DJ UT WOS:000209459000035 PM 23961364 ER PT J AU Schmidt, WF Crawford, MA Mookherji, S Mitchell, AD AF Schmidt, Walter F. Crawford, Michael A. Mookherji, Swati Mitchell, Alva D. BE Innocenti, A TI Lipid Composition in Miscible and Immiscible Phases SO STOICHIOMETRY AND RESEARCH - THE IMPORTANCE OF QUANTITY IN BIOMEDICINE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FATTY-ACID COMPOSITION; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; BRAIN; BILAYERS; VOLUME; FISH C1 [Schmidt, Walter F.; Mookherji, Swati; Mitchell, Alva D.] ARS, USDA, Washington, DC 20705 USA. [Crawford, Michael A.] Imperial Coll, Dept Canc & Surg, Div Reprod Physiol Obstet & Gynecol, London, England. RP Schmidt, WF (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Washington, DC 20705 USA. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTECH EUROPE PI RIJEKA PA JANEZA TRDINE9, RIJEKA, 51000, CROATIA BN 978-953-51-0198-7 PY 2012 BP 135 EP 146 D2 10.5772/1875 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA BG0SY UT WOS:000386509600007 ER PT J AU Zalamea, M Gonzlez, G Gould, WA AF Zalamea, Marcela Gonzlez, Grizelle Gould, William A. BE Sudarshana, P NageswaraRao, M Soneji, JR TI Comparing Litterfall and Standing Vegetation: Assessing the Footprint of Litterfall Traps SO TROPICAL FORESTS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PUERTO-RICO; LUQUILLO MOUNTAINS; HARDWOOD FORESTS; TROPICAL FOREST; NET PRODUCTION; RAIN-FORESTS; WET FOREST; ACCUMULATION; PRODUCTIVITY; PATTERNS C1 [Zalamea, Marcela; Gonzlez, Grizelle; Gould, William A.] US Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, USDA, San Juan, PR 00926 USA. RP Zalamea, M (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, USDA, San Juan, PR 00926 USA. NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTECH EUROPE PI RIJEKA PA JANEZA TRDINE9, RIJEKA, 51000, CROATIA BN 978-953-51-0255-7 PY 2012 BP 21 EP 36 D2 10.5772/1410 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Forestry; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry; Physical Geography GA BE5YJ UT WOS:000373671200003 ER PT J AU Gonzalez, G Murphy, CM Belen, J AF Gonzalez, Grizelle Murphy, Christina M. Belen, Juliana BE Sudarshana, P NageswaraRao, M Soneji, JR TI Direct and Indirect Effects of Millipedes on the Decay of Litter of Varying Lignin Content SO TROPICAL FORESTS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CONTRASTING CHEMICAL-COMPOSITIONS; HUMID TROPICAL CONDITIONS; LEAF-LITTER; GLOMERIS-MARGINATA; MICROBIAL BIOMASS; SOIL FAUNA; N MINERALIZATION; PLANT RESIDUES; PUERTO-RICO; FOREST C1 [Gonzalez, Grizelle; Murphy, Christina M.] USDA, FS Int Inst Trop Forestry IITF, Rio Piedras, PR USA. [Belen, Juliana] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR USA. RP Gonzalez, G (reprint author), USDA, FS Int Inst Trop Forestry IITF, Rio Piedras, PR USA. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTECH EUROPE PI RIJEKA PA JANEZA TRDINE9, RIJEKA, 51000, CROATIA BN 978-953-51-0255-7 PY 2012 BP 37 EP 50 D2 10.5772/1410 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Forestry; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry; Physical Geography GA BE5YJ UT WOS:000373671200004 ER PT J AU Barberena-Arias, MF Gonzalez, G Cuevas, E AF Barberena-Arias, Maria Fernanda Gonzalez, Grizelle Cuevas, Elvira BE Sudarshana, P NageswaraRao, M Soneji, JR TI Quantifying Variation of Soil Arthropods Using Different Sampling Protocols: Is Diversity Affected? SO TROPICAL FORESTS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID TROPICAL RAIN-FOREST; SPECIES RICHNESS; LEAF-LITTER; EXTRACTION EFFICIENCY; ECOSYSTEM PROCESSES; FLOTATION METHOD; ORGANIC-MATTER; PUERTO-RICO; GRADIENT; BIODIVERSITY C1 [Barberena-Arias, Maria Fernanda] Univ Turabo, Sch Sci & Technol, Gurabo, PR USA. [Gonzalez, Grizelle] US Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, USDA, Rio Piedras, PR USA. [Cuevas, Elvira] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Biol, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. RP Barberena-Arias, MF (reprint author), Univ Turabo, Sch Sci & Technol, Gurabo, PR USA. NR 37 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU INTECH EUROPE PI RIJEKA PA JANEZA TRDINE9, RIJEKA, 51000, CROATIA BN 978-953-51-0255-7 PY 2012 BP 51 EP 70 D2 10.5772/1410 PG 20 WC Environmental Sciences; Forestry; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry; Physical Geography GA BE5YJ UT WOS:000373671200005 ER PT J AU Palace, M Keller, M Hurtt, G Frolking, S AF Palace, Michael Keller, Michael Hurtt, George Frolking, Steve BE Sudarshana, P NageswaraRao, M Soneji, JR TI A Review of Above Ground Necromass in Tropical Forests SO TROPICAL FORESTS LA English DT Review; Book Chapter ID COARSE WOODY DEBRIS; BIOSPHERE-ATMOSPHERE EXPERIMENT; EASTERN BRAZILIAN-AMAZON; EVERGREEN RAIN-FOREST; SOIL ORGANIC-MATTER; DEAD WOOD; NEOTROPICAL FOREST; ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS; VEGETATION DYNAMICS; SPECIES RICHNESS C1 [Palace, Michael; Keller, Michael; Frolking, Steve] Univ New Hampshire, Complex Syst Res Ctr, Morse Hall, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Keller, Michael] US Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, Rio Piedras, PR USA. [Hurtt, George] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Palace, M (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Complex Syst Res Ctr, Morse Hall, Durham, NH 03824 USA. NR 122 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTECH EUROPE PI RIJEKA PA JANEZA TRDINE9, RIJEKA, 51000, CROATIA BN 978-953-51-0255-7 PY 2012 BP 215 EP 252 D2 10.5772/1410 PG 38 WC Environmental Sciences; Forestry; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry; Physical Geography GA BE5YJ UT WOS:000373671200013 ER PT S AU Laband, DN Lockaby, BG Zipperer, WC AF Laband, David N. Lockaby, B. Graeme Zipperer, Wayne C. BE Laband, DN Lockaby, BG Zipperer, WC TI Introduction: Defining Urban-Rural Interfaces SO URBAN-RURAL INTERFACES: LINKING PEOPLE AND NATURE SE ACSESS Publications LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Laband, David N.] Auburn Univ, Dept Econ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Laband, David N.] Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Lockaby, B. Graeme] Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, VA USA. [Zipperer, Wayne C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Washington, DC USA. RP Laband, DN (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Econ, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 2165-9842 BN 978-0-89118-616-8; 978-0-89118-615-1 J9 ACSESS PUBL PY 2012 BP IX EP XII D2 10.2136/2012.urban-rural PG 4 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BE3JK UT WOS:000370802300002 ER PT S AU Zipperer, WC AF Zipperer, Wayne C. BE Laband, DN Lockaby, BG Zipperer, WC TI Landscape Dynamics in the Wildland-Urban Interface SO URBAN-RURAL INTERFACES: LINKING PEOPLE AND NATURE SE ACSESS Publications LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID EASTERN UNITED-STATES; LYME-DISEASE RISK; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; ECOLOGICAL BOUNDARIES; FOREST FRAGMENTATION; RURAL GRADIENT; ROADS; CONSERVATION; BIODIVERSITY; POPULATIONS AB The wildland-urban interface represents landscape change-changes brought about by urbanization, by shifts in forest management, and altered disturbance regimes, each having ecological, social, and economic ramifications. In this chapter, I will focus on some of the ecological ramifications associated with landscape change, primarily forest fragmentation and deforestation, resulting from urbanization. In particular, I will review forest fragmentation from a landscape and site perspective; examine the ecological aspects of edges, corridors, and roads; and discuss fragmentation in relation to human health issues as they pertain to the wildland-urban interface. C1 [Zipperer, Wayne C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, POB 110806,Bldg 164 Mowry Rd, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Zipperer, WC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, POB 110806,Bldg 164 Mowry Rd, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM wzipperer@fs.fed.us NR 61 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 2165-9842 BN 978-0-89118-616-8; 978-0-89118-615-1 J9 ACSESS PUBL PY 2012 BP 17 EP 28 DI 10.2136/2012.urban-rural.c2 D2 10.2136/2012.urban-rural PG 12 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BE3JK UT WOS:000370802300004 ER PT S AU Sun, G Lockaby, BG AF Sun, Ge Lockaby, B. Graeme BE Laband, DN Lockaby, BG Zipperer, WC TI Water Quantity and Quality at the Urban-Rural Interface SO URBAN-RURAL INTERFACES: LINKING PEOPLE AND NATURE SE ACSESS Publications LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; LAND-USE CHANGE; METROPOLITAN-AREAS; POPULATION-GROWTH; CLIMATE-CHANGE; STORM WATER; WASTE-WATER; STREAMS; URBANIZATION; IMPACTS AB Population growth and urban development dramatically alter natural watershed ecosystem structure and functions and stress water resources. We review studies on the impacts of urbanization on hydrologic and biogeochemical processes underlying stream water quantity and water quality issues, as well as water supply challenges in an urban environment. We conclude that converting forest lands to urban uses increases stormflow rates and volumes, alters baseflow dynamics, and degrades water quality by increasing impervious surface areas. Alterations of watershed water cycles are the root causes of many chain reactions of stream ecosystem degradation present in today's urban areas. Knowledge gaps exist regarding interactions among processes of urbanization (land conversion, increasing impervious areas, new pollutants), hydrological functions (water budget change, infiltration and evapotranspiration processes), and ecological (biota change) functions at different temporal and spatial scales. Innovative implementation of watershed services is the key to mitigating impacts of urbanization on water and sustaining urban-rural ecosystems. C1 [Sun, Ge] US Forest Serv, Eastern Forest Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, Southern Res Stn, USDA, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Lockaby, B. Graeme] Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Sun, G (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Eastern Forest Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, Southern Res Stn, USDA, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. EM Ge_Sun@ncsu.edu; lockabg@auburn.edu NR 118 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 2165-9842 BN 978-0-89118-616-8; 978-0-89118-615-1 J9 ACSESS PUBL PY 2012 BP 29 EP 48 DI 10.2136/2012.urban-rural.c3 D2 10.2136/2012.urban-rural PG 20 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BE3JK UT WOS:000370802300005 ER PT S AU Stein, S Carr, M McRoberts, RE Mahal, LG AF Stein, Susan Carr, Mary McRoberts, Ronald E. Mahal, Lisa G. BE Laband, DN Lockaby, BG Zipperer, WC TI Forests on the Edge: The Influence of Increased Housing Density on Forest Systems and Services SO URBAN-RURAL INTERFACES: LINKING PEOPLE AND NATURE SE ACSESS Publications LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID WILDLAND-URBAN INTERFACE; ADJACENT LAND-USE; CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; SPECIES RICHNESS; COMMUNITY COMPOSITION; NORTH-AMERICA; URBANIZATIONS IMPACT; POPULATION-GROWTH; PRIVATE FORESTRY; SEDIMENT QUALITY AB The forests of the United States are changing, along with the rich services and resources they provide. In rural forests across the country, housing density is increasing, with associated changes to forest structure and function that affect such ecological and economic benefits as water quality, timber volume, and habitats for at-risk species of plants and animals. Additional pressures such as insect pests, diseases, and wildfire compound-and are influenced by-the impacts of housing density. Future efforts to conserve America's forest lands will require a continued emphasis on partnerships, and new approaches to plan for and provide sustainable housing for America's growing population in ways that minimize the negative impacts of increased housing density on rural areas. C1 [Stein, Susan] US Forest Serv, USDA, Cooperat Forestry, 1400 Independence Ave SW,Mailstop 1123, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Carr, Mary] US Forest Serv, USDA, Publishing Arts, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. [McRoberts, Ronald E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Mahal, Lisa G.] Univ Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. RP Stein, S (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Cooperat Forestry, 1400 Independence Ave SW,Mailstop 1123, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM sstein@fs.fed.us; macarr@fs.fed.us NR 110 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 2165-9842 BN 978-0-89118-616-8; 978-0-89118-615-1 J9 ACSESS PUBL PY 2012 BP 49 EP 70 DI 10.2136/2012.urban-rural.c4 D2 10.2136/2012.urban-rural PG 22 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BE3JK UT WOS:000370802300006 ER PT S AU Huebner, CD Nowak, DJ Pouyat, RV Bodine, AR AF Huebner, Cynthia D. Nowak, David J. Pouyat, Richard V. Bodine, Allison R. BE Laband, DN Lockaby, BG Zipperer, WC TI Nonnative Invasive Plants: Maintaining Biotic and Socioeconomic Integrity along the Urban-Rural-Natural Area Gradient SO URBAN-RURAL INTERFACES: LINKING PEOPLE AND NATURE SE ACSESS Publications LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID LAND-USE GRADIENT; PROPAGULE PRESSURE; NORTH-AMERICA; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; SPECIES RICHNESS; EXOTIC PLANTS; MICROSTEGIUM-VIMINEUM; NATIVE PLANTS; ECOSYSTEM FRAGMENTATION; IMPATIENS-GLANDULIFERA AB In this chapter, we evaluate nonnative invasive plant species of the urban-rural-natural area gradient in order to reduce negative impacts of invasive plants on native species and ecosystems. This evaluation includes addressing (i) the concept of urban areas as the primary source of invasive plant species and characteristics of urban nonnative plants, including their documented impacts on associated native plants and biodiversity along the urban-rural-natural area gradient, (ii) the most vulnerable land uses and potential barriers to invasion along the urban-rural-natural area gradient, and (iii) possible mitigation of invasions and urbanization using restoration or rehabilitation. Finally, we introduce three possible solutions: (i) use of spatially explicit land use planning and management that places invasion barriers between the urban core and the rural-natural area interfaces, (ii) increasing native and exotic species interactions within the urban core and rural-natural area interface, thereby increasing the number of pathogen and enemy interactions or the loss of novel weapons, and (iii) changing the horticultural trade and people's behavior, such that propagule pressure is kept below threshold levels required by growing invasive plant populations. C1 [Huebner, Cynthia D.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Nowak, David J.; Bodine, Allison R.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Pouyat, Richard V.] US Forest Serv, Washington Off, USDA, Arlington, VA 22209 USA. RP Huebner, CD (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM chuebner@fs.fed.us NR 248 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 5 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 2165-9842 BN 978-0-89118-616-8; 978-0-89118-615-1 J9 ACSESS PUBL PY 2012 BP 71 EP 98 DI 10.2136/2012.urban-rural.c5 D2 10.2136/2012.urban-rural PG 28 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BE3JK UT WOS:000370802300007 ER PT S AU Butler, BJ AF Butler, Brett J. BE Laband, DN Lockaby, BG Zipperer, WC TI Forest Ownership Patterns SO URBAN-RURAL INTERFACES: LINKING PEOPLE AND NATURE SE ACSESS Publications LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB Forests, whether public or private, provide the general public with countless goods and services. As it is the owners who ultimately decide the fate of these forests, it is important to understand forest ownership trends and patterns. As the results of political, economic, social, historic, and biophysical factors, forest ownership patterns vary considerably across the nation and across the urban-rural spectrum. For example, the eastern United States is dominated by private ownership, while the western United States is dominated by public ownerships. Across the urban-rural spectrum, federal and state lands tend to be in more rural areas, while private forest ownerships tend to be in closer proximity to urban areas. The urban-rural spectrum is also correlated with other ownership patterns such as size of family forest holdings, timber harvesting, and some reasons for owning land. The population pressures exerted across the urban-rural spectrum will influence the future of these lands through land use conversions and different values, desires, and expectations for lands depending upon where they are located. C1 [Butler, Brett J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Family Forest Res Ctr, 160 Holdsworth Hall, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Butler, BJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Family Forest Res Ctr, 160 Holdsworth Hall, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM bbutler01@fs.fed.us NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 2165-9842 BN 978-0-89118-616-8; 978-0-89118-615-1 J9 ACSESS PUBL PY 2012 BP 117 EP 125 DI 10.2136/2012.urban-rural.c7 D2 10.2136/2012.urban-rural PG 9 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BE3JK UT WOS:000370802300009 ER PT S AU Wolf, KL AF Wolf, Kathleen L. BE Laband, DN Lockaby, BG Zipperer, WC TI The Changing Importance of Ecosystem Services across the Landscape Gradient SO URBAN-RURAL INTERFACES: LINKING PEOPLE AND NATURE SE ACSESS Publications LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ENVIRONMENTAL-QUALITY; URBAN ENVIRONMENTS; ECOLOGICAL-SYSTEMS; INNER-CITY; AREAS; CLASSIFICATION; VALUATION; BENEFITS; SPACE; PARK AB Ecosystem services is a term that describes the full scope of nature's contributions to human needs and well-being. The landscapes that provide ecosystem services extend across the urban to wildland gradient and include human settlements of varied character and density. This chapter explores the distribution of ecosystem services within the gradient and considers the relative delivery of services in different settlement situations. Cultural ecosystem services are one class of services that are of increasing importance in more urbanized places. The experience of nearby nature contributes to public health in many ways and suggests new ways to define cultural ecosystem services. Future landscape planning and management should consider all potential ecosystem services that are available across the entire landscape gradient to better support the health and welfare of both human and natural communities. C1 [Wolf, Kathleen L.] Univ Washington, Coll Environm, Box 352100, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Wolf, Kathleen L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Washington, DC USA. RP Wolf, KL (reprint author), Univ Washington, Coll Environm, Box 352100, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM kwolf@uw.edu NR 136 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 2165-9842 BN 978-0-89118-616-8; 978-0-89118-615-1 J9 ACSESS PUBL PY 2012 BP 127 EP 146 DI 10.2136/2012.urban-rural.c8 D2 10.2136/2012.urban-rural PG 20 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BE3JK UT WOS:000370802300010 ER PT S AU Schelhas, J Hitchner, S Johnson, C AF Schelhas, John Hitchner, Sarah Johnson, Cassandra BE Laband, DN Lockaby, BG Zipperer, WC TI Social Vulnerability and Environmental Change Along Urban-Rural Interfaces SO URBAN-RURAL INTERFACES: LINKING PEOPLE AND NATURE SE ACSESS Publications LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; ADAPTATION; RESILIENCE; FRAMEWORK; MODEL AB As the world becomes increasingly urbanized and interconnected, the distinction between urban and rural areas is diminishing. Creation of new urban-rural interface areas causes immediate changes in local natural and social environments, and these areas are also susceptible to both short-term and long-term environmental changes. Different groups of people have varying levels of exposure to natural hazards and gradual climatic changes, as well as access to different coping and resiliency strategies that create unique sets of assets and vulnerabilities. Social vulnerability to hazards and environmental changes results from a complex mix of environmental, social, and economic factors and is often rooted in poverty and disenfranchisement. Mapping of projected environmental threats and census-based indicators of social vulnerability can signal areas that require more intensive ethnographic research, which can elucidate elements of social vulnerability and adaptive capacity that are difficult or impossible to understand from census data or to measure through surveys. Collaborative management of especially vulnerable urban-rural interface areas can present opportunities to enhance the coping strategies and adaptive capacity of individuals and communities, leading to outcomes that are more ecologically sustainable and socially just. C1 [Schelhas, John; Johnson, Cassandra] US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, USDA, 320 Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Hitchner, Sarah] Univ Georgia, Ctr Integrat Conservat Res, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Schelhas, J (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, USDA, 320 Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM jschelhas@fs.fed.us NR 48 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 2165-9842 BN 978-0-89118-616-8; 978-0-89118-615-1 J9 ACSESS PUBL PY 2012 BP 185 EP 200 DI 10.2136/2012.urban-rural.c11 D2 10.2136/2012.urban-rural PG 16 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BE3JK UT WOS:000370802300013 ER PT S AU Pickett, STA Cadenasso, ML Groffman, PM Grove, JM AF Pickett, Steward T. A. Cadenasso, Mary L. Groffman, Peter M. Grove, J. Morgan BE Laband, DN Lockaby, BG Zipperer, WC TI Importance of Integrated Approaches and Perspectives SO URBAN-RURAL INTERFACES: LINKING PEOPLE AND NATURE SE ACSESS Publications LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID URBAN RIPARIAN ZONES; RESIDENTIAL SOILS; LONG-TERM; ECOSYSTEMS; DENITRIFICATION; VEGETATION; STREAM; WATER; DYNAMICS; ECOLOGY AB Ecology has traditionally neglected the role of people as components of ecosystems, and in particular has been largely absent from urban and other densely settled and built ecosystems. However, ecologists have finally come to realize that people and their effects are part of both seemingly wild and clearly urban ecosystems. This recognition has called for increased integration between the social sciences and biophysical sciences. This novel integration has exploited the increasingly important interfaces between urban and rural or wild systems. The frameworks of (i) patch dynamics, (ii) the watershed, and (iii) the human ecosystem concept have supported integrated research, education, and community engagement. The chapter uses the Baltimore Ecosystem Study, Long-Term Ecological Research program to exemplify how these frameworks are used to formulate and answer questions shared by social and biophysical sciences. Furthermore, shared research and restoration sites, and a shared concern with neighborhood quality of life, environmental quality, and ultimately with urban sustainability continue to promote integration across disciplines and embed socio-ecological research and education in the decision making and community life of Baltimore. C1 [Pickett, Steward T. A.; Groffman, Peter M.] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Box AB,2801 Sharon Tpke, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. [Cadenasso, Mary L.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Grove, J. Morgan] US Forest Serv, Baltimore Field Stn, No Res Stn, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. [Grove, J. Morgan] US Forest Serv, Baltimore Ecosyst Study, No Res Stn, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. RP Pickett, STA (reprint author), Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Box AB,2801 Sharon Tpke, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. EM picketts@caryinstitute.org NR 68 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 2165-9842 BN 978-0-89118-616-8; 978-0-89118-615-1 J9 ACSESS PUBL PY 2012 BP 259 EP 273 DI 10.2136/2012.urban-rural.c14 D2 10.2136/2012.urban-rural PG 15 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BE3JK UT WOS:000370802300016 ER PT S AU Mercer, DE Zipperer, W AF Mercer, D. Evan Zipperer, Wayne BE Laband, DN Lockaby, BG Zipperer, WC TI Fire in the Wildland-Urban Interface SO URBAN-RURAL INTERFACES: LINKING PEOPLE AND NATURE SE ACSESS Publications LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FOREST-FIRES; WILDFIRE; MANAGEMENT; MODEL; RISK; BEHAVIOR AB In this chapter we provide an overview of the socio-economic and ecological effects and trends of wildfire in the WUI, methods for assessing wildfire risk in the WUI, approaches to managing the wildfire problem including fuels management, home construction and design, and community action programs. This overview is combined with two case studies analyzing wildfire risk and the use of prescribed fire to reduce that risk in the Florida wildland-urban interface. C1 [Mercer, D. Evan] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, 3041 E Cornwallis Rd, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Zipperer, Wayne] Univ Florida, USDA, US Forest Serv, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Mercer, DE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, 3041 E Cornwallis Rd, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM emercer@fs.fed.us; wzipperer@fs.fed.us NR 71 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 2165-9842 BN 978-0-89118-616-8; 978-0-89118-615-1 J9 ACSESS PUBL PY 2012 BP 287 EP 303 DI 10.2136/2012.urban-rural.c16 D2 10.2136/2012.urban-rural PG 17 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BE3JK UT WOS:000370802300018 ER PT S AU Laband, DN Lockaby, BG Zipperer, WC AF Laband, David N. Lockaby, B. Graeme Zipperer, Wayne C. BE Laband, DN Lockaby, BG Zipperer, WC TI Final Thoughts SO URBAN-RURAL INTERFACES: LINKING PEOPLE AND NATURE SE ACSESS Publications LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Laband, David N.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Econ, 221 Bobby Dodd Way, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Laband, David N.; Lockaby, B. Graeme] Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Zipperer, Wayne C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Laband, DN (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Econ, 221 Bobby Dodd Way, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM David.Laband@econ.gatech.edu; lockabg@auburn.edu; wzipperer@fs.fed.us NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 2165-9842 BN 978-0-89118-616-8; 978-0-89118-615-1 J9 ACSESS PUBL PY 2012 BP 305 EP 310 DI 10.2136/2012.urban-rural.c17 D2 10.2136/2012.urban-rural PG 6 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BE3JK UT WOS:000370802300019 ER PT S AU Fei, SL Gould, PJ Kaeser, MJ Steiner, KC AF Fei, Songlin Gould, Peter J. Kaeser, Melanie J. Steiner, Kim C. BE Stewart, P Globig, S TI Distribution and Dynamics of Hayscented Fern SO VASCULAR PLANTS AND PALEOBOTANY SE Research Progress in Botany LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Allegheny Plateau stands; Hayscented fern; Overstory removal; Overstory treatments C1 [Fei, Songlin] Univ Kentucky, Dept Forestry, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Gould, Peter J.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific Northwest Res Stn, Sacramento, CA USA. [Kaeser, Melanie J.] Joseph W Jones Ecol Res Ctr, Newton, GA USA. [Steiner, Kim C.] Penn State Univ, Sch Forest Resources, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Fei, SL (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Forestry, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU APPLE ACAD PRESS INC PI OAKVILLE PA 3333 MISTWELL CRESCENT, OAKVILLE, ON L6L 0A2, CANADA SN 2292-8855 BN 978-1-4665-5863-2; 978-1-926692-98-2 J9 RES PROG BOTANY PY 2012 BP 67 EP 73 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Paleontology SC Plant Sciences; Paleontology GA BF9YE UT WOS:000386047800007 ER PT S AU Owen, W AF Owen, Wayne BE Stewart, P Globig, S TI History of Native Plant Communities in the South SO VASCULAR PLANTS AND PALEOBOTANY SE Research Progress in Botany LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Bartram; Exotic species; Glacial periods; Southern Appalachians C1 [Owen, Wayne] USDA Forest Serv, Southern Reg, Cedar City, UT 84721 USA. RP Owen, W (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Southern Reg, Cedar City, UT 84721 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU APPLE ACAD PRESS INC PI OAKVILLE PA 3333 MISTWELL CRESCENT, OAKVILLE, ON L6L 0A2, CANADA SN 2292-8855 BN 978-1-4665-5863-2; 978-1-926692-98-2 J9 RES PROG BOTANY PY 2012 BP 169 EP 192 PG 24 WC Plant Sciences; Paleontology SC Plant Sciences; Paleontology GA BF9YE UT WOS:000386047800015 ER PT S AU Periman, RD AF Periman, Richard D. BE Stewart, P Globig, S TI Past Vegetation Patterns of New Mexico's Rio Del Oso Valley SO VASCULAR PLANTS AND PALEOBOTANY SE Research Progress in Botany LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Acequias; Anthropogenic landscapes; Ecosystems; Rio del Oso; Taxon's R-value C1 [Periman, Richard D.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Suite 115,333,Broadway SE, Albuquerque, NM 87102 USA. RP Periman, RD (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Suite 115,333,Broadway SE, Albuquerque, NM 87102 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU APPLE ACAD PRESS INC PI OAKVILLE PA 3333 MISTWELL CRESCENT, OAKVILLE, ON L6L 0A2, CANADA SN 2292-8855 BN 978-1-4665-5863-2; 978-1-926692-98-2 J9 RES PROG BOTANY PY 2012 BP 205 EP 219 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences; Paleontology SC Plant Sciences; Paleontology GA BF9YE UT WOS:000386047800017 ER PT S AU McKinley, R Clark, J Lecker, J AF McKinley, R. Clark, J. Lecker, J. BE Shortis, M Shimoda, H Cho, K TI BURN SEVERITY MAPPING IN AUSTRALIA 2009 SO XXII ISPRS CONGRESS, TECHNICAL COMMISSION VIII SE International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 22nd Congress of the International-Society-for-Photogrammetry-and-Remote-Sensing CY AUG 25-SEP 01, 2012 CL Melbourne, AUSTRALIA SP Int Soc Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing, Hexagon, ESRI, RMIT Univ, Sch Math Geospatial Sci DE Hazards; Forest fire; Change detection; Landsat; Landscape AB In 2009, the Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment estimated approximately 430,000 hectares of Victoria Australia were burned by numerous bushfires. Burned Area Emergency Response (BAER) teams from the United States were deployed to Victoria to assist local fire managers. The U. S. Geological Survey Earth Resources Observation and Science Center (USGS/EROS) and U. S. Forest Service Remote Sensing Applications Center (USFS/RSAC) aided the support effort by providing satellite-derived. soil burn severity. maps for over 280,000 burned hectares. In the United States, BAER teams are assembled to make rapid assessments of burned lands to identify potential hazards to public health and property. An early step in the assessment process is the creation of a soil burn severity map used to identify hazard areas and prioritize treatment locations. These maps are developed primarily using Landsat satellite imagery and the differenced Normalized Burn Ratio (dNBR) algorithm. C1 [McKinley, R.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. [Clark, J.; Lecker, J.] US Forest Serv, Remote Sensing Applicat Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT USA. RP McKinley, R (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. EM rmckinley@usgs.gov; jtclark@fs.fed.us; jlecker@fs.fed.us NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 2194-9034 J9 INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM PY 2012 VL 39-B8 BP 51 EP 54 PG 4 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BD1OR UT WOS:000358207600010 ER PT J AU Labeda, DP Goodfellow, M Brown, R Ward, AC Lanoot, B Vanncanneyt, M Swings, J Kim, SB Liu, Z Chun, J Tamura, T Oguchi, A Kikuchi, T Kikuchi, H Nishii, T Tsuji, K Yamaguchi, Y Tase, A Takahashi, M Sakane, T Suzuki, KI Hatano, K AF Labeda, D. P. Goodfellow, M. Brown, R. Ward, A. C. Lanoot, B. Vanncanneyt, M. Swings, J. Kim, S. -B. Liu, Z. Chun, J. Tamura, T. Oguchi, A. Kikuchi, T. Kikuchi, H. Nishii, T. Tsuji, K. Yamaguchi, Y. Tase, A. Takahashi, M. Sakane, T. Suzuki, K. I. Hatano, K. TI Phylogenetic study of the species within the family Streptomycetaceae SO ANTONIE VAN LEEUWENHOEK INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GENERAL AND MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Actinobacteria; Systematics; Streptomycetales; Actinomycetes ID MULTILOCUS SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; DNA-DNA HYBRIDIZATION; RNA GENE CLADE; SP-NOV; NUMERICAL CLASSIFICATION; EMENDED DESCRIPTION; COMB. NOV.; ET-AL; STRAINS; RELATEDNESS AB Species of the genus Streptomyces, which constitute the vast majority of taxa within the family Streptomycetaceae, are a predominant component of the microbial population in soils throughout the world and have been the subject of extensive isolation and screening efforts over the years because they are a major source of commercially and medically important secondary metabolites. Taxonomic characterization of Streptomyces strains has been a challenge due to the large number of described species, greater than any other microbial genus, resulting from academic and industrial activities. The methods used for characterization have evolved through several phases over the years from those based largely on morphological observations, to subsequent classifications based on numerical taxonomic analyses of standardized sets of phenotypic characters and, most recently, to the use of molecular phylogenetic analyses of gene sequences. The present phylogenetic study examines almost all described species (615 taxa) within the family Streptomycetaceae based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and illustrates the species diversity within this family, which is observed to contain 130 statistically supported clades, as well as many unsupported and single member clusters. Many of the observed clades are consistent with earlier morphological and numerical taxonomic studies, but it is apparent that insufficient variation is present in the 16S rRNA gene sequence within the species of this family to permit bootstrap-supported resolution of relationships between many of the individual clusters. C1 [Labeda, D. P.] ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Goodfellow, M.; Brown, R.; Ward, A. C.] Univ Newcastle, Sch Biol, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. [Lanoot, B.; Vanncanneyt, M.; Swings, J.] Univ Ghent, Dept Biochem Physiol & Microbiol, BCCM LMG Bacteria Collect, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Kim, S. -B.] Chungnam Natl Univ, Sch Biosci & Biotechnol, Dept Microbiol & Mol Biol, Taejon 305764, South Korea. [Liu, Z.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Microbiol, State Key Lab Microbial Resources, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. [Chun, J.] Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Seoul 151742, South Korea. [Tamura, T.; Oguchi, A.; Kikuchi, T.; Kikuchi, H.; Nishii, T.; Tsuji, K.; Yamaguchi, Y.; Tase, A.; Takahashi, M.; Sakane, T.; Suzuki, K. I.; Hatano, K.] Natl Inst Technol & Evaluat, NITE Biol Resource Ctr NBRC, Chiba 2920818, Japan. RP Labeda, DP (reprint author), ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM David.Labeda@ars.usda.gov NR 65 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 6 U2 38 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0003-6072 J9 ANTON LEEUW INT J G JI Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek PD JAN PY 2012 VL 101 IS 1 SI SI BP 73 EP 104 DI 10.1007/s10482-011-9656-0 PG 32 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 858OV UT WOS:000297811500009 PM 22045019 ER EF