FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Colaizzi, PD Kustas, WP Anderson, MC Agam, N Tolk, JA Evett, SR Howell, TA Gowda, PH O'Shaughnessy, SA AF Colaizzi, Paul D. Kustas, William P. Anderson, Martha C. Agam, Nurit Tolk, Judy A. Evett, Steven R. Howell, Terry A. Gowda, Prasanna H. O'Shaughnessy, Susan A. TI Two-source energy balance model estimates of evapotranspiration using component and composite surface temperatures SO ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE Evaporation; Transpiration; Evapotranspiration; Irrigation; Cotton; Remote sensing ID DUAL ANGLE OBSERVATIONS; DRYLAND GRAIN-SORGHUM; PARTIAL CANOPY COVER; HEAT-FLUX; ROW CROPS; RADIOMETRIC TEMPERATURE; PLANTING GEOMETRY; RADIATION BALANCE; SPRAY IRRIGATION; SPARSE CROPS AB The two source energy balance model (TSEB) can estimate evaporation (E), transpiration (T), and evapotranspiration (ET) of vegetated surfaces, which has important applications in water resources management for irrigated crops. The TSEB requires soil (T-S) and canopy (T-C) surface temperatures to solve the energy budgets of these layers separately. Operationally, usually only composite surface temperature (T-R) measurements are available at a single view angle. For surfaces with nonrandom spatial distribution of vegetation such as row crops, T-R often includes both soil and vegetation, which may have vastly different temperatures. Therefore, T-S and T-C must be derived from a single T-R measurement using simple linear mixing, where an initial estimate of T-C is calculated, and the temperature - resistance network is solved iteratively until energy balance closure is reached. Two versions of the TSEB were evaluated, where a single T-R measurement was used (TSEB-T-R) and separate measurements of T-S and T-C were used (TSEB-T-C-T-S). All surface temperatures (T-S, T-C, and T-R) were measured by stationary infrared thermometers that viewed an irrigated cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) crop. The TSEB-T-R version used a Penman-Monteith approximation for T-C, rather than the Priestley-Taylor-based formulation used in the original TSEB version, because this has been found to result in more accurate partitioning of E and T under conditions of strong advection. Calculations of E, T, and ET by both model versions were compared with measurements using microlysimeters, sap flow gauges, and large monolythic weighing lysimeters, respectively. The TSEB-T-R version resulted in similar overall agreement with the TSEB-T-C-T-S version for calculated and measured E (RMSE = 0.7 mm d(-1)) and better overall agreement for T (RMSE = 0.9 vs. 1.9 mm d(-1)), and ET (RMSE = 0.6 vs. 1.1 mm d(-1)). The TSEB-T-C-T-S version calculated daily ET up to 1.6 mm d(-1) (15%) less early in the season and up to 2.0 mm d(-1) (44%) greater later in the season compared with lysimeter measurements. The TSEB-T-R also calculated larger ET later in the season but only up to 1.4 mm d(-1) (20%). ET underestimates by the TSEB-T-C-T-S version may have been related to limitations in measuring T-C early in the season when the canopy was sparse. ET overestimates later in the season by both versions may have been related to a greater proportion of non-transpiring canopy elements (flowers, bolls, and senesced leaves) being out of the T-C and T-R measurement view. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Colaizzi, Paul D.; Tolk, Judy A.; Evett, Steven R.; Howell, Terry A.; Gowda, Prasanna H.; O'Shaughnessy, Susan A.] USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. [Kustas, William P.; Anderson, Martha C.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, BARC W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Agam, Nurit] Agr Res Org, Gilat Res Ctr, IL-85280 Negev, Israel. RP Colaizzi, PD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, PO Drawer 10, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. EM Paul.Colaizzi@ARS.USDA.GOV RI Anderson, Martha/C-1720-2015; Kustas, William/C-2063-2015; Agam, Nurit/E-1836-2013 OI Anderson, Martha/0000-0003-0748-5525; Agam, Nurit/0000-0002-8921-6179 FU USDA-ARS National Program 211, Water Availability and Watershed Management; Ogallala Aquifer Program FX This research was supported by the USDA-ARS National Program 211, Water Availability and Watershed Management and in part by the Ogallala Aquifer Program, a consortium between USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Kansas State University, Texas AgriLife Research, Texas AgriLife Extension Service, Texas Tech University, and West Texas A&M University. We are grateful to Dr. Andrew French, USDA-ARS, Maricopa, Arizona for allowing us to use the Cimel multiband thermal radiometer and for his critical reviews of this and previous manuscripts. We thank the numerous biological technicians and student workers for their meticulous and dedicated efforts in executing experiments and obtaining and processing data. NR 72 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 3 U2 58 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0309-1708 EI 1872-9657 J9 ADV WATER RESOUR JI Adv. Water Resour. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 50 BP 134 EP 151 DI 10.1016/j.advwatres.2012.06.004 PG 18 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 046EC UT WOS:000311747300012 ER PT J AU Neale, CMU Geli, HME Kustas, WP Alfieri, JG Gowda, PH Evett, SR Prueger, JH Hipps, LE Dulaney, WP Chavez, JL French, AN Howell, TA AF Neale, Christopher M. U. Geli, Hatim M. E. Kustas, William P. Alfieri, Joseph G. Gowda, Prasanna H. Evett, Steven R. Prueger, John H. Hipps, Lawrence E. Dulaney, Wayne P. Chavez, Jose L. French, Andrew N. Howell, Terry A. TI Soil water content estimation using a remote sensing based hybrid evapotranspiration modeling approach SO ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE Airborne remote sensing; Evapotranspiration; Soil water content; Energy balance; Crop coefficients ID ENERGY-BALANCE MODEL; HEAT-FLUX; CROP COEFFICIENTS; FOOTPRINT ESTIMATION; VEGETATION; COVER; TRANSPIRATION; ASSIMILATION; TEMPERATURE; CALIBRATION AB Remote sensing of evapotranspiration (ET) has evolved over the last 20 years with the development of more robust energy balance approaches and the availability of timely remotely sensed imagery from satellite sensors. This has allowed the use of remote sensing for near-real time water management in irrigated systems in the western United States. In this paper a hybrid ET approach is applied to irrigated and non-irrigated cotton fields at the BEAREX08 experimental site using airborne remote sensing inputs under highly advective conditions, taking advantage of the available root zone soil water content measurements for verification of model output. The modeling approach is based on coupling the Two-Source-Energy Balance (TSEB) and the reflectance-based crop coefficient models. The TSEB model provides estimates of real crop ET while the reflectance-based crop coefficient approach allows for updating the basal crop coefficient and the interpolation and extrapolation of ET between the dates of remote sensing inputs facilitating the maintenance of a soil water balance in the root zone of the crop. Actual ET estimates using the TSEB model were compared with measured ET using eddy covariance systems deployed in four cotton fields during the BEAREX08 experiment. Estimates of soil water content in the soil profile of both irrigated and rain fed cotton fields were compared with measurements at different depths using neutron probe observations. Data assimilation techniques were applied to update soil water content values using estimates based on actual ET from the TSEB model. Results indicate that the hybrid ET modeling approach using data assimilation produced reliable daily ET interpolated between remote sensing observations and significantly improved soil water content estimates throughout the root zone profile compared to applying the crop-coefficient technique in a water balance model without the actual ET inputs. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Neale, Christopher M. U.; Hipps, Lawrence E.] Utah State Univ, Plants Soils & Climate Depart, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Kustas, William P.; Alfieri, Joseph G.; Dulaney, Wayne P.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, BARC W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Gowda, Prasanna H.; Evett, Steven R.; Howell, Terry A.] USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. [Prueger, John H.] USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Chavez, Jose L.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Civil & Environ Engr, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [French, Andrew N.] USDA ARS, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85238 USA. RP Neale, CMU (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Plants Soils & Climate Depart, 4110 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM christopher.neale@usu.edu RI Kustas, William/C-2063-2015; Neale, Christopher/P-3676-2015; OI Neale, Christopher/0000-0002-7199-6410; Hipps, Lawrence/0000-0002-7658-8571 FU USDA-ARS Conservation & Production Research Laboratory, Bushland, TX; USDA-ARS Hydrology and Remote Sensing Laboratory, Beltsville, MD; Remote Sensing Services Laboratory, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Utah State University; Utah Water Research Laboratory; Utah Agricultural Experiment Station FX This research was funded in part by the USDA-ARS Conservation & Production Research Laboratory, Bushland, TX, the USDA-ARS Hydrology and Remote Sensing Laboratory, Beltsville, MD, and the Remote Sensing Services Laboratory, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Utah State University. Hatim Geli was supported by the Utah Water Research Laboratory and Christopher Neale by the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 44 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 4 U2 40 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0309-1708 EI 1872-9657 J9 ADV WATER RESOUR JI Adv. Water Resour. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 50 BP 152 EP 161 DI 10.1016/j.advwatres.2012.10.008 PG 10 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 046EC UT WOS:000311747300013 ER PT J AU Anderson, MC Kustas, WP Alfieri, JG Gao, F Hain, C Prueger, JH Evett, S Colaizzi, P Howell, T Chavez, JL AF Anderson, Martha C. Kustas, William P. Alfieri, Joseph G. Gao, Feng Hain, Christopher Prueger, John H. Evett, Steven Colaizzi, Paul Howell, Terry Chavez, Jose L. TI Mapping daily evapotranspiration at Landsat spatial scales during the BEAREX'08 field campaign SO ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE Evapotranspiration; Remote sensing; Thermal; Land-surface temperature ID SURFACE-ENERGY FLUXES; HEAT-FLUX; DOWNWIND EVOLUTION; DAILY EVAPORATION; LOCAL ADVECTION; 2-SOURCE MODEL; BOUNDARY-LAYER; SATELLITE DATA; TEMPERATURE; BALANCE AB Robust spatial information about environmental water use at field scales and daily to seasonal timesteps will benefit many applications in agriculture and water resource management. This information is particularly critical in arid climates where freshwater resources are limited or expensive, and groundwater supplies are being depleted at unsustainable rates to support irrigated agriculture as well as municipal and industrial uses. Gridded evapotranspiration (ET) information at field scales can be obtained periodically using land-surface temperature-based surface energy balance algorithms applied to moderate resolution satellite data from systems like Landsat, which collects thermal-band imagery every 16 days at a resolution of approximately 100 m. The challenge is in finding methods for interpolating between ET snapshots developed at the time of a clear-sky Landsat overpass to provide complete daily time-series over a growing season. This study examines the efficacy of a simple gap-filling algorithm designed for applications in data-sparse regions, which does not require local ground measurements of weather or rainfall, or estimates of soil texture. The algorithm relies on general conservation of the ratio between actual ET and a reference ET, generated from satellite insolation data and standard meteorological fields from a mesoscale model. The algorithm was tested with ET retrievals from the Atmosphere-Land Exchange Inverse (ALEXI) surface energy balance model and associated DisALEXI flux disaggregation technique, which uses Landsat-scale thermal imagery to reduce regional ALEXI maps to a finer spatial resolution. Daily ET at the Landsat scale was compared with lysimeter and eddy covariance flux measurements collected during the Bushland Evapotranspiration and Agricultural Remote sensing EXperiment of 2008 (BEAREX08), conducted in an irrigated agricultural area in the Texas Panhandle under highly advective conditions. The simple gap-filling algorithm performed reasonably at most sites, reproducing observed cumulative ET to within 5-10% over the growing period from emergence to peak biomass in both rainfed and irrigated fields. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Anderson, Martha C.; Kustas, William P.; Alfieri, Joseph G.; Gao, Feng] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Hain, Christopher] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Prueger, John H.] USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA USA. [Evett, Steven; Colaizzi, Paul; Howell, Terry] USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. [Chavez, Jose L.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Anderson, MC (reprint author), 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM martha.anderson@ars.usda.gov RI Hain, Christopher/G-3512-2012; Anderson, Martha/C-1720-2015; Kustas, William/C-2063-2015 OI Hain, Christopher/0000-0002-0093-6816; Anderson, Martha/0000-0003-0748-5525; NR 66 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 43 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0309-1708 EI 1872-9657 J9 ADV WATER RESOUR JI Adv. Water Resour. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 50 BP 162 EP 177 DI 10.1016/j.advwatres.2012.06.005 PG 16 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 046EC UT WOS:000311747300014 ER PT J AU Chen, YP Evans, JD AF Chen, Yamping (Judy) Evans, Jay D. TI Managed Pollinator CAP Coordinated Agricultural Project A National Research and Extension Initiative to Reverse Pollinator Decline RNAi in Treating Honey Bee Diseases SO AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID COLONY COLLAPSE DISORDER C1 [Chen, Yamping (Judy); Evans, Jay D.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Chen, YP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RI Evans, Jay/C-8408-2012 OI Evans, Jay/0000-0002-0036-4651 NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 15 PU DADANT & SONS INC PI HAMILTON PA AMER BEE JOURNAL, HAMILTON, IL 62341 USA SN 0002-7626 J9 AM BEE J JI Am. Bee J. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 152 IS 12 BP 1171 EP 1173 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 044WC UT WOS:000311654900016 ER PT J AU Imamura, F Lemaitre, RN King, IB Song, XL Lichtenstein, AH Matthan, NR Herrington, DM Siscovick, DS Mozaffarian, D AF Imamura, Fumiaki Lemaitre, Rozenn N. King, Irena B. Song, Xiaoling Lichtenstein, Alice H. Matthan, Nirupa R. Herrington, David M. Siscovick, David S. Mozaffarian, Dariush TI Novel circulating fatty acid patterns and risk of cardiovascular disease: the Cardiovascular Health Study SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID FOOD FREQUENCY QUESTIONNAIRE; ISCHEMIC-HEART-DISEASE; TERM-FOLLOW-UP; OLDER-ADULTS; CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS; ESTROGEN REPLACEMENT; METABOLIC SYNDROME; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; DIETARY-INTAKE; PLASMA AB Background: Complex interplays of diet and metabolism influence circulating fatty acids (FAs), possibly constituting FA patterns related to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Objectives: We aimed to derive FA patterns from circulating FAs, relate the patterns to CVD incidence, and extend the derived patterns to atherosclerosis progression in another independent cohort. Design: We used principal component analysis (PCA) to derive FA patterns from 38 plasma phospholipid FAs in 2972 older adults in the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS). Identified patterns were evaluated for prospective associations with 14-y incidence of CVD [ischemic heart disease (IHD) or stroke]. In another independent cohort of postmenopausal women with IHD, we evaluated associations of the CHS-derived patterns with 3.2-y progression of angiographically defined coronary atherosclerosis. Results: Three distinct patterns were identified, characterized by higher proportions of trans FAs, de novo lipogenesis (DNL) FAs, and long-chain MUFAs (LCMUFAs). During 32,265 person-years, 780 incident CVD events occurred. The trans FA pattern was associated with higher CVD risk (multivariable-adjusted HR for the highest compared with the lowest quintiles = 1.58; 95% CI: 1.17, 2.12; p-trend = 0.006), primarily attributable to higher risk of stroke (HR: 2.46; 95% CI: 1.54, 3.92; P-trend = 0.005). The DNL and LCMUFA patterns were not associated with CVD incidence or with IHD or stroke (P-trend > 0.11 each). In the second cohort, the trans FA pattern, but not the other 2 patterns, was positively associated with progression of coronary atherosclerosis (P-trend < 0.05). Conclusions: PCA appears to provide informative circulating FA patterns. A pattern driven mainly by trans FA levels related to greater CVD risk in older adults and coronary atherosclerosis progression in women with IHD. Am J Clin Nutr 2012;96:1252-61. C1 [Imamura, Fumiaki; Mozaffarian, Dariush] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Epidemiol, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Mozaffarian, Dariush] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Nutr, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Mozaffarian, Dariush] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Cardiovasc Med,Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Mozaffarian, Dariush] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Channing Lab,Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [King, Irena B.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Internal Med, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Song, Xiaoling] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. [Lemaitre, Rozenn N.; Siscovick, David S.] Univ Washington, Dept Med, Cardiovasc Hlth Res Unit, Seattle, WA USA. [Siscovick, David S.] Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Lichtenstein, Alice H.; Matthan, Nirupa R.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Cardiovasc Nutr Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Herrington, David M.] Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med Cardiol, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Imamura, Fumiaki; Mozaffarian, Dariush] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. RP Imamura, F (reprint author), 677 Huntington Ave,Kresge 913C, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM fimamura@hsph.harvard.edu OI Imamura, Fumiaki/0000-0002-6841-8396 FU National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NIMBI) [HHSN268201200036C, N01-HC-85239, N01-HC-85079, N01-HC-85086, N01-HC-35129, N01-HC-15103, N01-HC-55222, N01-HC-75150, N01-HC-45133]; NHLBI [HL080295, U01-HL-45488, NIH-HL-54727]; National Institute on Aging [AG-023629, AG-15928, AG-20098, AG-027058]; Searle Scholar Award; National Center for Research Resources General Clinical Research Center [Mol-rr07122]; USDA [58-1950-9-001] FX The Cardiovascular Health Study was supported by National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NIMBI) contracts HHSN268201200036C, N01-HC-85239, and N01-HC-85079 through N01-HC-85086; N01-HC-35129, N01-HC-15103, N01-HC-55222, N01-HC-75150, N01-HC-45133, and NHLBI grant HL080295, with additional contribution from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. Additional support was provided through AG-023629, AG-15928, AG-20098, and AG-027058 from the National Institute on Aging. See also http://www.chs-nhlbi.orgipi.htin. A subset of additional fatty acid measurements was supported by a Searle Scholar Award. The Estrogen Replacement and Atherosclerosis trial was supported by the NHLBI (U01-HL-45488 and NIH-HL-54727), the National Center for Research Resources General Clinical Research Center (Mol-rr07122), and the USDA (58-1950-9-001). NR 50 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 96 IS 6 BP 1252 EP 1261 DI 10.3945/ajcn.112.039990 PG 10 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 043HK UT WOS:000311533300003 PM 23097270 ER PT J AU Samelson, EJ Booth, SL Fox, CS Tucker, KL Wang, TJ Hoffmann, U Cupples, LA O'Donnell, CJ Kiel, DP AF Samelson, Elizabeth J. Booth, Sarah L. Fox, Caroline S. Tucker, Katherine L. Wang, Thomas J. Hoffmann, Udo Cupples, L. Adrienne O'Donnell, Christopher J. Kiel, Douglas P. TI Calcium intake is not associated with increased coronary artery calcification: the Framingham Study SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID FOOD FREQUENCY QUESTIONNAIRE; BONE-VASCULAR AXIS; VITAMIN-D; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS; AORTIC CALCIFICATION; DIETARY ASSESSMENT; WOMENS HEALTH; HEART-DISEASE; RISK AB Background: Adequate calcium intake is known to protect the skeleton. However, studies that have reported adverse effects of calcium supplementation on vascular events have raised widespread concern. Objective: We assessed the association between calcium intake (from diet and supplements) and coronary artery calcification, which is a measure of atherosclerosis that predicts risk of ischemic heart disease independent of other risk factors. Design: This was an observational, prospective cohort study. Participants included 690 women and 588 men in the Framingham Offspring Study (mean age: 60 y; range: 36-83 y) who attended clinic visits and completed food-frequency questionnaires in 1998 2001 and underwent computed tomography scans 4 y later in 2002 2005. Results: The mean age-adjusted coronary artery calcification Agatston score decreased with increasing total calcium intake, and the trend was not significant after adjustment for age, BMI, smoking, alcohol consumption, vitamin D supplement use, energy intake, and, for women, menopause status and estrogen use. Mu Invariable-adjusted mean Agatston scores were 2.36, 2.52, 2.16, and 2.39 (P-trend = 0.74) with an increasing quartile of total calcium intake in women and 4.32, 4.39, 4.19, and 4.37 (P-trend = 0.94) in men, respectively. Results were similar for dietary calcium and calcium supplement use. Conclusions: Our study does not support the hypothesis that high calcium intake increases coronary artery calcification, which is an important measure of atherosclerosis burden. The evidence is not sufficient to modify current recommendations for calcium intake to protect skeletal health with respect to vascular calcification risk. Am Clin Nutr 2012;96:1274-80. C1 [Samelson, Elizabeth J.; Kiel, Douglas P.] Hebrew SeniorLife, Inst Aging Res, Boston, MA 02131 USA. [Samelson, Elizabeth J.; Kiel, Douglas P.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA USA. [Booth, Sarah L.] Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Fox, Caroline S.; O'Donnell, Christopher J.] Natl Heart Lung & Blood Insts Framingham Heart St, Framingham, MA USA. [Tucker, Katherine L.] Northeastern Univ, Dept Hlth Sci, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Wang, Thomas J.; Hoffmann, Udo] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Cupples, L. Adrienne] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA USA. RP Samelson, EJ (reprint author), Hebrew SeniorLife, Inst Aging Res, 1200 Ctr St, Boston, MA 02131 USA. EM samelson@hsl.harvard.edu OI Cupples, L. Adrienne/0000-0003-0273-7965; Kiel, Douglas/0000-0001-8474-0310; Tucker, Katherine/0000-0001-7640-662X FU National Institute of Arthritis. Musculoskeletal, and Skin Diseases [K01 AR053118, R01 AR/AG41398]; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Framingham Heart Study (NIH/NHLBI ) [N01-HC-25195] FX Supported by National Institute of Arthritis. Musculoskeletal, and Skin Diseases grants K01 AR053118 and R01 AR/AG41398 and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Framingham Heart Study (NIH/NHLBI contract N01-HC-25195). NR 55 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 2 U2 17 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 EI 1938-3207 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 96 IS 6 BP 1274 EP 1280 DI 10.3945/ajcn.112.044230 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 043HK UT WOS:000311533300005 PM 23134889 ER PT J AU Chen, YY Wang, J Gao, W Sun, XJ Xu, SY AF Chen, Y. Y. Wang, J. Gao, W. Sun, X. J. Xu, S. Y. TI Comprehensive analysis of heavy metals in soils from Baoshan District, Shanghai: a heavily industrialized area in China SO ENVIRONMENTAL EARTH SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Heavy metal; Potential ecological risk; Multivariate statistical analyses; Geostatistical analysis; Spatial change ID MULTIVARIATE STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS; URBAN SOILS; AGRICULTURAL SOILS; HONG-KONG; CONTAMINATION; SEDIMENTS; POLLUTION; LEAD; EMISSIONS; SUBURBAN AB The potential for soil heavy metal contamination in high risk areas is a crucial issue that will impact the environment. Soil samples were collected in 2003 and 2007 to investigate heavy metal contamination characteristics and pollution changes in the industrialized district of Baoshan (Shanghai, China). Both multi-statistic and geostatistic approaches were used and proved to be useful in the interpretation of the analytical results. The potential for soil contamination in the high risk areas presents a crucial issue that will impact the environment. The results indicate that soil in the Baoshan District is alkaline. Additionally, the accumulation of heavy metals in the soil increased between 2003 and 2007. The study results indicated that the concentration of the metals lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), cadmium(Cd), mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) in the soil has great discrepancy, especially of Pb and Cr. The concentrations of Pb and Cr in the soil show significant difference between two observed years (p < 0.05). The concentration of most of these metals was higher in 2007 than 2003. Only the concentrations of Cd and As were not higher in 2007. Traffic and industrial contaminants were the likely source of Pb and As; Hg largely came from agricultural contamination, household garbage and industrial contamination; Cd, Cr, Zn and Cu mainly originated from industrial activities. Multivariate statistical analyses showed that human activities mainly contributed to heavy metal contamination. Spatial distribution confirmed this by showing that areas with the highest metal concentrations occurred where there were high levels of industrial activity and traffic. Potential ecological risk assessment results showed that high risk zones were highly correlated with spatial analysis. The study estimated that in 2007, 85.2 % of the district could be categorized as high risk, which is 77.4 times more than that in 2003. C1 [Chen, Y. Y.; Wang, J.; Xu, S. Y.] E China Normal Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Geog Informat Sci, Shanghai 200062, Peoples R China. [Gao, W.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, USDA UV B Monitoring & Res Program, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Sun, X. J.] Shanghai Environm Monitoring Stn Baoshan Dist, Shanghai 200940, Peoples R China. RP Wang, J (reprint author), E China Normal Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Geog Informat Sci, Shanghai 200062, Peoples R China. EM chenmengmeng0701@163.com; jwang@geo.ecnu.edu; wgao@uvb.nrel.colostate.edu RI Gao, Wei/O-1208-2013; Gao, Wei/C-1430-2016 FU National Basic Research Program of China [2010CB951603]; Shanghai Science and Technology Support Program [10DZ0581600]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; National Natural Science Foundation of China [70703010, 40901010] FX This paper was financially supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2010CB951603), the Shanghai Science and Technology Support Program (Grant No. 10DZ0581600), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project No. 70703010 and 40901010). The authors wish to extend their thanks to the professors who, despite their busy schedules, found enough time to review this paper. NR 61 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 59 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1866-6280 J9 ENVIRON EARTH SCI JI Environ. Earth Sci. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 67 IS 8 BP 2331 EP 2343 DI 10.1007/s12665-012-1680-5 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA 042UN UT WOS:000311496900014 ER PT J AU Smith, CD Berk, SG Brandl, MT Riley, LW AF Smith, Charlotte D. Berk, Sharon G. Brandl, Maria T. Riley, Lee W. TI Survival characteristics of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli pathotypes and Helicobacter pylori during passage through the free-living ciliate, Tetrahymena sp. SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE protozoa; vesicle; fecal pellets; electron microscopy; confocal laser scanning microscopy; phagosome ID LEGIONELLA-PNEUMOPHILA; DIGESTIVE VACUOLES; PROTOZOA; BACTERIA; WATER; DIFFERENTIATION; THERMOPHILA; PYRIFORMIS; STRAINS; PROMOTE AB Free-living protozoa have been implicated in the survival and transport of pathogens in the environment, but the relationship between non-Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli or Helicobacter pylori and ciliates has not been characterized. Six diarrheagenic pathotypes of E. coli and an isolate of H. pylori were evaluated for their susceptibility to digestion by Tetrahymena, an aquatic ciliate. Tetrahymena strain MB125 was fed E. coli or H. pylori, and the ciliate's egested products examined for viable bacterial pathogens by the BacLight (TM) LIVE/DEAD (TM) assay, a cell elongation method, and by colony counts. All six diarrheagenic E. coli pathotypes survived digestion, whereas H. pylori was digested. Growth of E. coli on agar plates indicated that the bacteria were able to replicate after passage through the ciliate. Transmission electron micrographs of E. coli cells as intact rods vs. degraded H. pylori cells corroborated these results. Scanning electron microscopy revealed a net-like matrix around intact E. coli cells in fecal pellets. These results suggest a possible role for Tetrahymena and its egested fecal pellets in the dissemination of diarrheagenic E. coli in the environment. This bacterialprotozoan interaction may increase opportunities for transmission of diarrheagenic E. coli to mammalian hosts including humans. C1 [Smith, Charlotte D.; Riley, Lee W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Berk, Sharon G.] Tennessee Technol Univ, Ctr Management Utilizat & Protect Water Resources, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA. [Brandl, Maria T.] ARS, USDA, Albany, CA USA. RP Smith, CD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, 50 Univ Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM charlottesmith.us@gmail.com FU USEPA STAR Fellowship [F09D40688] FX C.D.S. was supported by USEPA STAR Fellowship F09D40688. We thank Holly Arron, Oishee Bose, and Joanne Dai for excellent laboratory assistance. Helicobacter pylori was a gift of Richard Peek, Vanderbilt University. We thank the reviewers for constructive comments on the manuscript. NR 28 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 56 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0168-6496 J9 FEMS MICROBIOL ECOL JI FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 82 IS 3 BP 574 EP 583 DI 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2012.01428.x PG 10 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 041DZ UT WOS:000311378300003 PM 22680607 ER PT J AU Chikmawati, T Miftahudin, M Skovmand, B Gustafson, JP AF Chikmawati, T. Miftahudin, M. Skovmand, B. Gustafson, J. Perry TI Amplified fragment length polymorphism-based genetic diversity among cultivated and weedy rye (Secale cereale L.) accessions SO GENETIC RESOURCES AND CROP EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE AFLP; Genetic diversity; Rye; Secale cereale ID PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; ALLOZYME VARIATION; AFLP MARKERS; POPULATIONS; RAPD; VARIETIES; LANDRACES; DISTANCE AB Amplified fragment length polymorphism markers were evaluated to determine the genetic diversity and relationships among cultivated and weedy ryes (Secale cereale L.) using a large global set of accessions. On the basis of 395 polymorphic bands resulted from nine PstI-MseI primer combinations, cultivated rye exhibited higher average genetic diversity (H-t = 0.34) than that of the weedy rye (H-t = 0.27), however, it had lower genetic differentiation (F-st = 0.16). The average genetic diversity of cultivated rye varied from region to region ranging from 0.21 to 0.31. As expected, all cultivated accessions clustered together both in dendrogram and principal coordinate diagram indicating common breeding program selection criteria based on similar value-added agronomic characteristics. A clustering of cultivated rye accessions into groups based strictly on geographical origin was not found. The relationships among cultivated, weedy and wild ryes were discussed. C1 [Chikmawati, T.; Miftahudin, M.] Bogor Agr Univ, Dept Biol, Fac Math & Sci, Bogor 16680, Indonesia. [Skovmand, B.] Nord Gene Bank, S-23053 Alnarp, Sweden. [Gustafson, J. Perry] Univ Missouri, Dept Agron, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Gustafson, J. Perry] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. RP Chikmawati, T (reprint author), Bogor Agr Univ, Dept Biol, Fac Math & Sci, Darmaga Campus, Bogor 16680, Indonesia. EM tchikmawati@yahoo.com OI Miftahudin, M./0000-0002-5641-1090 NR 30 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-9864 J9 GENET RESOUR CROP EV JI Genet. Resour. Crop Evol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 59 IS 8 BP 1743 EP 1752 DI 10.1007/s10722-012-9796-8 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 040HA UT WOS:000311311700012 ER PT J AU Dossett, M Bassil, NV Lewers, KS Finn, CE AF Dossett, Michael Bassil, Nahla V. Lewers, Kim S. Finn, Chad E. TI Genetic diversity in wild and cultivated black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis L.) evaluated by simple sequence repeat markers SO GENETIC RESOURCES AND CROP EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Blackcap; Microsatellite; Molecular markers; Rubus occidentalis; SSR ID IDENTIFICATION; ROSACEAE; CHEMOPREVENTION; PRIMER; LOCI; RAPD AB Breeding progress in black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis L.) has been limited by a lack of genetic diversity in elite germplasm. Black raspberry cultivars have been noted for showing very few phenotypic differences and seedlings from crosses between cultivars for a lack of segregation for important traits. Despite these challenges, little molecular work has been done to explore genetic diversity and relationships in wild and cultivated black raspberry germplasm. Microsatellite, or simple sequence repeat (SSR), markers are highly polymorphic codominant markers useful for studying genetic diversity, population genetics, genetic fingerprinting and other applications. We examined genetic diversity in 148 wild and cultivated black raspberry accessions using 21 polymorphic SSR markers. Black raspberry cultivars clustered tightly and showed higher than expected heterozygosity while that of wild accessions was low. Relationships between wild black raspberry accessions were poorly resolved and regional clusters were mostly absent from our analysis. Our results indicated that wild black raspberry germplasm is a relatively untapped resource available for future breeding. C1 [Finn, Chad E.] ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Lewers, Kim S.] ARS, USDA, Fruit Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Bassil, Nahla V.] ARS, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Finn, CE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Unit, 3420 NW Orchard Ave, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM Chad.Finn@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS Northwest Center for Small Fruits Research; USDA-ARS Plant Exchange Office; Oregon Raspberry and Blackberry Commission FX The authors would like to gratefully acknowledge the technical support of April Nyberg, Theodore Bunch, Wambui Njuguna, and Barbara Gilmore during the course of this project. We also thank Kim Hummer for her role in organizing and participating in the collection trips. We would like to thank the following individuals for contributing seed for this project: W. Anderson (Illinois), M. Bathrick (Pennsylvania), C. Brown (New Jersey), P. Byers (Missouri), T. Cuff (Wisconsin), A. Dale (Ontario), R. Davis (New York), R. Geneve (Kentucky), J. Hancock (Michigan), D. Handley (Maine), A. Jamieson (New Brunswick), K. Kellogg Connecticut), J. Lehman (Indiana), T. Leslie (Ohio), H. Love (Tennessee), J. Luby (Minnesota), C. Mauchline (Pennsylvania), R. Moyer (Virginia), G. Nonnecke (Iowa), M. Retter (Indiana), M. Stanton (Ohio), H. Swartz (Maryland), F. Takeda (West Virginia), E. Thompson (Arkansas), C. Weber (New York). This project was supported by grants from the USDA-ARS Northwest Center for Small Fruits Research, the USDA-ARS Plant Exchange Office, and the Oregon Raspberry and Blackberry Commission. NR 42 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 35 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-9864 J9 GENET RESOUR CROP EV JI Genet. Resour. Crop Evol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 59 IS 8 BP 1849 EP 1865 DI 10.1007/s10722-012-9808-8 PG 17 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 040HA UT WOS:000311311700020 ER PT J AU Li, XR Zhu, CS Yeh, CT Wu, W Takacs, EM Petsch, KA Tian, F Bai, GH Buckler, ES Muehlbauer, GJ Timmermans, MCP Scanlon, MJ Schnable, PS Yu, JM AF Li, Xianran Zhu, Chengsong Yeh, Cheng-Ting Wu, Wei Takacs, Elizabeth M. Petsch, Katherine A. Tian, Feng Bai, Guihua Buckler, Edward S. Muehlbauer, Gary J. Timmermans, Marja C. P. Scanlon, Michael J. Schnable, Patrick S. Yu, Jianming TI Genic and nongenic contributions to natural variation of quantitative traits in maize SO GENOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; MAPPING POPULATION; GENETIC-VARIATION; FLOWERING-TIME; WHOLE-GENOME; INBRED LINES; TRANSCRIPTOME; MODEL; LEAF; ARCHITECTURE AB The complex genomes of many economically important crops present tremendous challenges to understand the genetic control of many quantitative traits with great importance in crop production, adaptation, and evolution. Advances in genomic technology need to be integrated with strategic genetic design and novel perspectives to break new ground. Complementary to individual-gene-targeted research, which remains challenging, a global assessment of the genomic distribution of trait-associated SNPs (TASs) discovered from genome scans of quantitative traits can provide insights into the genetic architecture and contribute to the design of future studies. Here we report the first systematic tabulation of the relative contribution of different genomic regions to quantitative trait variation in maize. We found that TASs were enriched in the nongenic regions, particularly within a 5-kb window upstream of genes, which highlights the importance of polymorphisms regulating gene expression in shaping the natural variation. Consistent with these findings, TASs collectively explained 44%-59% of the total phenotypic variation across maize quantitative traits, and on average, 79% of the explained variation could be attributed to TASs located in genes or within 5 kb upstream of genes, which together comprise only 13% of the genome. Our findings suggest that efficient, cost-effective genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in species with complex genomes can focus on genic and promoter regions. C1 [Yeh, Cheng-Ting; Wu, Wei; Schnable, Patrick S.] Iowa State Univ, Ctr Plant Genom, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Yeh, Cheng-Ting; Wu, Wei; Schnable, Patrick S.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Li, Xianran; Zhu, Chengsong; Bai, Guihua; Yu, Jianming] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Takacs, Elizabeth M.; Scanlon, Michael J.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Petsch, Katherine A.; Timmermans, Marja C. P.] Cold Spring Harbor Lab, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724 USA. [Buckler, Edward S.] Cornell Univ, Inst Genom Divers, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Bai, Guihua; Buckler, Edward S.] ARS, USDA, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Muehlbauer, Gary J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Schnable, PS (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ctr Plant Genom, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM schnable@iastate.edu; jyu@ksu.edu OI Yeh, Cheng-Ting/0000-0002-1392-2018; Yu, Jianming/0000-0001-5326-3099; Buckler, Edward/0000-0002-3100-371X FU National Science Foundation [DBI-0820610] FX This work is supported by the National Science Foundation (DBI-0820610). NR 54 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 49 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT PI COLD SPRING HARBOR PA 1 BUNGTOWN RD, COLD SPRING HARBOR, NY 11724 USA SN 1088-9051 J9 GENOME RES JI Genome Res. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 22 IS 12 BP 2436 EP 2444 DI 10.1101/gr.140277.112 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 048FK UT WOS:000311895500012 PM 22701078 ER PT J AU Cuomo, CA Desjardins, CA Bakowski, MA Goldberg, J Ma, AT Becnel, JJ Didier, ES Fan, L Heiman, DI Levin, JZ Young, S Zeng, QD Troemel, ER AF Cuomo, Christina A. Desjardins, Christopher A. Bakowski, Malina A. Goldberg, Jonathan Ma, Amy T. Becnel, James J. Didier, Elizabeth S. Fan, Lin Heiman, David I. Levin, Joshua Z. Young, Sarah Zeng, Qiandong Troemel, Emily R. TI Microsporidian genome analysis reveals evolutionary strategies for obligate intracellular growth SO GENOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID PHYLOGENETIC TREE SELECTION; CTP SYNTHETASE; ENCEPHALITOZOON-CUNICULI; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; CHLAMYDIA-TRACHOMATIS; FUNGI; PROTEINS; ALIGNMENT; SEQUENCE; CYCLE AB Microsporidia comprise a large phylum of obligate intracellular eukaryotes that are fungal-related parasites responsible for widespread disease, and here we address questions about microsporidia biology and evolution. We sequenced three microsporidian genomes from two species, Nematocida parisii and Nematocida sp1, which are natural pathogens of Caenorhabditis nematodes and provide model systems for studying microsporidian pathogenesis. We performed deep sequencing of transcripts from a time course of N. parisii infection. Examination of pathogen gene expression revealed compact transcripts and a dramatic takeover of host cells by Nematocida. We also performed phylogenomic analyses of Nematocida and other microsporidian genomes to refine microsporidian phylogeny and identify evolutionary events of gene loss, acquisition, and modification. In particular, we found that all microsporidia lost the tumor-suppressor gene retinoblastoma, which we speculate could accelerate the parasite cell cycle and increase the mutation rate. We also found that microsporidia acquired transporters that could import nucleosides to fuel rapid growth. In addition, microsporidian hexokinases gained secretion signal sequences, and in a functional assay these were sufficient to export proteins out of the cell; thus hexokinase may be targeted into the host cell to reprogram it toward biosynthesis. Similar molecular changes appear during formation of cancer cells and may be evolutionary strategies adopted independently by microsporidia to proliferate rapidly within host cells. Finally, analysis of genome polymorphisms revealed evidence for a sexual cycle that may provide genetic diversity to alleviate problems caused by clonal growth. Together these events may explain the emergence and success of these diverse intracellular parasites. C1 [Cuomo, Christina A.; Desjardins, Christopher A.; Goldberg, Jonathan; Fan, Lin; Heiman, David I.; Levin, Joshua Z.; Young, Sarah; Zeng, Qiandong] MIT & Harvard, Broad Inst, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA. [Bakowski, Malina A.; Ma, Amy T.; Troemel, Emily R.] Univ Calif San Diego, Div Biol Sci, Sect Cell & Dev Biol, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Becnel, James J.] ARS, USDA, CMAVE, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Didier, Elizabeth S.] Tulane Natl Primate Res Ctr, Div Microbiol, Covington, LA 70433 USA. RP Cuomo, CA (reprint author), MIT & Harvard, Broad Inst, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA. EM cuomo@broadinstitute.org; etroemel@ucsd.edu OI Cuomo, Christina/0000-0002-5778-960X FU Federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services [HHSN272200900018C]; Irvington Institute Fellowship Program of the Cancer Research Institute postdoctoral fellowship; NIAID [R01 AI087528]; Center for AIDS Research Developmental Grant; Searle Scholars Program; Ray Thomas Edwards Foundation; David & Lucile Packard Foundation fellowship FX We acknowledge the Broad Institute Sequencing Platform for generating all DNA and RNA sequence described here. We thank Brian Haas for assistance with defining UTRs from the RNA-sequence; Jeremy Zucker for metabolic pathway prediction; Hilary Morrison for providing the A. locustae genome sequence prior to publication; Sharadha Sakthikumar for assistance with Figure 2 preparation; James Nieh and Guntima Suwannapong for N. ceranae spores; Quanshun Zhang and Saul Tzipori for E. cuniculi spores; and Nicholas Rhind, Robert Luallen, Tiffany Dunbar, Ethan Bier, Suzannah Szumowski, Diego Martinez, Zehua Chen, and Christina Hull for comments on the manuscript. This project has been funded in whole or in part with Federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, under Contract No. HHSN272200900018C; and funding to the Tulane National Primate Research Center via OD011104. This work was supported by the Irvington Institute Fellowship Program of the Cancer Research Institute postdoctoral fellowship to M.A.B.; and NIAID R01 AI087528, Center for AIDS Research Developmental Grant, the Searle Scholars Program, Ray Thomas Edwards Foundation, and the David & Lucile Packard Foundation fellowship to E.R.T. NR 65 TC 82 Z9 85 U1 2 U2 46 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT PI COLD SPRING HARBOR PA 1 BUNGTOWN RD, COLD SPRING HARBOR, NY 11724 USA SN 1088-9051 J9 GENOME RES JI Genome Res. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 22 IS 12 BP 2478 EP 2488 DI 10.1101/gr.142802.112 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 048FK UT WOS:000311895500016 PM 22813931 ER PT J AU Harris, RA Nagy-Szakal, D Pedersen, N Opekun, A Bronsky, J Munkholm, P Jespersgaard, C Andersen, P Melegh, B Ferry, G Jess, T Kellermayer, R AF Harris, R. Alan Nagy-Szakal, Dorottya Pedersen, Natalia Opekun, Antone Bronsky, Jiri Munkholm, Pia Jespersgaard, Cathrine Andersen, PaalSkytt Melegh, Bela Ferry, George Jess, Tine Kellermayer, Richard TI Genome-wide peripheral blood leukocyte DNA methylation microarrays identified a single association with inflammatory bowel diseases SO INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES LA English DT Article DE inflammatory bowel disease; DNA methylation; peripheral blood; twin; TEPP ID COLITIS; TWINS; SUSCEPTIBILITY; EPIDEMIOLOGY; EPIGENETICS; CONCORDANCE; POPULATION; INHIBITION; PREVALENCE; INCREASES AB Background: Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are common forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Monozygotic (MZ) twin discordance rates and epidemiologic data implicate that environmental changes and epigenetic factors may play a pathogenic role in IBD. DNA methylation (the methylation of cytosines within CpG dinucleotides) is an epigenetic modification, which can respond to environmental influences. We investigated whether DNA methylation might be connected with IBD in peripheral blood leukocyte (PBL) DNA by utilizing genome-wide microarrays. Methods: Two different high-throughput microarray-based methods for genome-wide DNA methylation analysis were employed. First, DNA isolated from MZ twin pairs concordant (CD: 4; UC: 3) and discordant (CD: 4; UC: 7) for IBD was interrogated by a custom-made methylation-specific amplification microarray (MSAM). Second, the recently developed Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip arrays were used on 48 samples of PBL DNA from discordant MZ twin pairs (CD: 3; UC: 3) and treatment-naive pediatric cases of IBD (CD: 14; UC: 8), as well as controls (n = 14). The microarrays were validated with bisulfite pyrosequencing. Results: The MSAMs did not yield significant IBD associations. The Methylation BeadChip approach identified a single DNA methylation association of IBD at TEPP (testis, prostate and placenta-expressed protein) when DNA isolated selectively from peripheral blood mononuclear cells was analyzed (8.6% increase in methylation between CD and control, FDR = 0.0065). Conclusions: Microarray interrogation of IBD-dependent DNA methylation from PBLs appears to have limited ability to detect significant disease associations. More detailed and/or selective approaches may be useful for the elucidation of connections between the DNA methylome and IBD in the future. C1 [Nagy-Szakal, Dorottya; Opekun, Antone; Ferry, George; Kellermayer, Richard] Texas Childrens Hosp, Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Sect Pediat Gastroenterol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Harris, R. Alan] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol & Human Genet, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Nagy-Szakal, Dorottya; Kellermayer, Richard] USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX USA. [Pedersen, Natalia; Munkholm, Pia] Herlev Univ Hosp, Gastroenterol Unit, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark. [Opekun, Antone] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Gasteonterol TMC Digest Dis Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Bronsky, Jiri] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Med 2, Dept Pediat, Prague, Czech Republic. [Bronsky, Jiri] Univ Hosp Motol, Prague, Czech Republic. [Jespersgaard, Cathrine] Statens Serum Inst, Dept Clin Biochem & Immunol, DK-2300 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Andersen, PaalSkytt] Statens Serum Inst, Dept Microbiol Surveillance & Res, DK-2300 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Melegh, Bela] Univ Pecs, Dept Med Genet, Pecs, Hungary. [Jess, Tine] Statens Serum Inst, Dept Epidemiol Res, DK-2300 Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Kellermayer, R (reprint author), Texas Childrens Hosp, Baylor Coll Med, Sect Pediat Gastroenterol Hepatol & Nutr, 6621 Fannin St,CC1010-00, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM kellerma@bcm.edu FU Broad Medical Research Program, the Broad Foundation [IBD-0252]; Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America-Children's Digestive Health and Nutrition Foundation/North American Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition (CCFA) [2426]; Child Health Research Career Development Agency of the Baylor College of Medicine (NIH) [5K12 HD041648]; Public Health Service grant [DK56338] FX R.K. was supported in part by the Broad Medical Research Program, the Broad Foundation (IBD-0252); the Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America-Children's Digestive Health and Nutrition Foundation/North American Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition (CCFA Ref. No. 2426); the Child Health Research Career Development Agency of the Baylor College of Medicine (NIH Grant No. 5K12 HD041648); and a Public Health Service grant DK56338, funding the Texas Medical Center Digestive Diseases Center. NR 45 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 15 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1078-0998 EI 1536-4844 J9 INFLAMM BOWEL DIS JI Inflamm. Bowel Dis. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 18 IS 12 BP 2334 EP 2341 DI 10.1002/ibd.22956 PG 8 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 039JR UT WOS:000311242400017 PM 22467598 ER PT J AU Zunino, SJ Storms, DH Newman, JW Pedersen, TL Keen, CL Ducore, JM AF Zunino, Susan J. Storms, David H. Newman, John W. Pedersen, Theresa L. Keen, Carl L. Ducore, Jonathan M. TI Dietary resveratrol does not delay engraftment, sensitize to vincristine or inhibit growth of high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells in NOD/SCID mice SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE acute lymphoblastic leukemia; dietary resveratrol; NOD/SCID mice ID MOUSE MODEL; CHROMOSOMAL REARRANGEMENT; B-LINEAGE; CANCER; CHILDHOOD; APOPTOSIS; RATS; SUPPRESSION; ANTITUMOR; THERAPY AB Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with translocation 04;11) is a high-risk leukemia found in 60-85% of infants with ALL and is often refractory to conventional chemotherapeutics after relapse. To evaluate the efficacy of dietary resveratrol in vivo, 5-week-old NOD.CB17-Prkdcscid/J mice were fed a control diet or a diet containing 0.2% w/w resveratrol. After 3 weeks of dietary treatment, mice were engrafted with the human t(4;11) ALL line SEM by tail vein injection. Engraftment was monitored by evaluating the presence of human CD19(+) cells in peripheral blood using flow cytometry. Relative to control diet, dietary resveratrol did not delay the engraftment of the leukemia cells. To determine if dietary resveratrol could increase efficacy of a chemotherapeutic agent, vincristine was injected intraperitoneally into leukemic mice fed the control or supplemented diet. Survival curves and monitoring the percentage of human leukemia cells in peripheral blood showed that resveratrol did not inhibit leukemia cell growth or influence the activity of vincristine. Mass spectrometric analysis of mouse serum revealed that the majority of resveratrol was present as glucuronidated and sulfated metabolites. These data do not support the concept that dietary resveratrol has potential as a preventative agent against the growth of high-risk t(4;11) ALL. C1 [Zunino, Susan J.; Storms, David H.; Newman, John W.; Pedersen, Theresa L.] ARS, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Keen, Carl L.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Ducore, Jonathan M.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Pediat, Hematol Oncol Sect, Sch Med, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. RP Zunino, SJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, 430 W Hlth Sci Dr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM susan.zunino@ars.usda.gov FU National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute [1R21CA122117-01] FX This work was supported by an award from National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, award no. 1R21CA122117-01. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. No conflicts of interest are present for any of the authors. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 38 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPANDIDOS PUBL LTD PI ATHENS PA POB 18179, ATHENS, 116 10, GREECE SN 1019-6439 J9 INT J ONCOL JI Int. J. Oncol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 41 IS 6 BP 2207 EP 2212 DI 10.3892/ijo.2012.1650 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 043YZ UT WOS:000311587900036 PM 23041950 ER PT J AU Yuan, J Karimi, A Zornes, S Goodgame, S Mussini, F Lu, C Waldroup, PW AF Yuan, J. Karimi, A. Zornes, S. Goodgame, S. Mussini, F. Lu, C. Waldroup, P. W. TI Evaluation of the role of glycine in low-protein amino acid-supplemented diets SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POULTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE bone; broiler; glycine; digestive organ; low-protein diet; performance ID SOYBEAN MEAL DIETS; LOW-CRUDE PROTEIN; BROILER CHICKS; PLUS SERINE; CLOSTRIDIUM-PERFRINGENS; GROWTH-PERFORMANCE; REQUIREMENTS; LYSINE; NEEDS AB A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of adding Gly to broiler starter diets in which the CP was decreased from 24 to 18% by adding essential amino acids. Effects on live performance, development of the digestive organs, and bone and some serum parameters were evaluated. Male broiler chicks were fed from hatch to 18 d on 1 of 14 experimental diets in which amino acids were added in turn as they became limiting. The order of limiting amino acids was Met (TSAA), Lys, Thr, Val, Ile, Arg, Trp, and His. For diets supplemented with Thr through His, aliquots of the diets were supplemented with Gly to provide 2.0% Gly + Ser. Each treatment was fed to 6 pens of 5 male chicks of a commercial strain. The BW and FCR of broilers fed diets in which Arg, Trp, and His became limiting were significantly lower than those of birds fed diets in which Met and Lys were limiting. The addition of Gly significantly improved the BW and FCR of broilers fed the diets in which Arg, Trp, and His became limiting and significantly improved the FCR of diets in which Val became limiting. Significant differences were observed in relative organ weights between chicks fed the diets in which Thr, Val, and Ile became limiting and those fed the diets with Met and Lys added. Addition of Gly to some diets significantly increased or decreased the relative weights of the various intestinal segments, but not in a consistent manner. Significant differences were observed for tibia ash, tibia diameter, and bone-breaking strength of broilers among the broilers fed the diet of limiting amino acids and those fed only Met and Lys. Supplementation with Gly increased bone-breaking strength and the diameter of the tibia. No significant differences were observed for urea nitrogen, ammonia, and blood urea nitrogen levels in the serum of broilers fed the diets with the first 8 limiting amino acids. Supplemental Gly significantly increased the serum urea nitrogen and serum ammonia content. Therefore, Gly may be critical in the use of low-protein amino acid-supplemented diets for broilers. C1 [Yuan, J.] China Agr Univ, Natl Key Lab Anim Nutr, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Karimi, A.] Univ Kurdistan, Dept Anim Sci, Sanandaj 6617715177, Kurdistan, Iran. [Zornes, S.] Agr Res Serv, Poultry Prod & Prod Safety Res Unit, USDA, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Goodgame, S.; Mussini, F.; Lu, C.; Waldroup, P. W.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Poultry Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Waldroup, PW (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Poultry Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM Waldroup@uark.edu OI Yuan, Jian-Min/0000-0002-4620-3108 NR 39 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 6 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 1056-6171 EI 1537-0437 J9 J APPL POULTRY RES JI J. Appl. Poult. Res. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 21 IS 4 BP 726 EP 737 DI 10.3382/japr.2011-00388 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 046ZV UT WOS:000311806000002 ER PT J AU Kollanoor-Johny, A Upadhyay, A Baskaran, SA Upadhyaya, I Mooyottu, S Mishra, N Darre, MJ Khan, MI Donoghue, AM Donoghue, DJ Venkitanarayanan, K AF Kollanoor-Johny, A. Upadhyay, A. Baskaran, S. A. Upadhyaya, I. Mooyottu, S. Mishra, N. Darre, M. J. Khan, M. I. Donoghue, A. M. Donoghue, D. J. Venkitanarayanan, K. TI Effect of therapeutic supplementation of the plant compounds trans-cinnamaldehyde and eugenol on Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis colonization in market-age broiler chickens SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POULTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE antibacterial; chicken; eugenol; Salmonella; trans-cinnamaldehyde ID CAMPYLOBACTER-JEJUNI; CECAL CONTENTS; IN-VITRO; INFECTION; CARVACROL; EGG; PREVALENCE; MECHANISMS; THYMOL; DIETS AB In this study, we investigated the therapeutic efficacy of the plant compounds trans-cinnamaldehyde (TC) and eugenol (EG) on reducing Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (SE) in commercial, market-age broiler chickens. Straight run, day-old commercial broiler chicks (N = 84) were randomly grouped into 6 groups of 14 birds each (n = 14/group): a negative control (no SE, no TC or EG), EG control (no SE, 1% EG), TC control (no SE, 0.75% TC), a positive control (SE, no TC or EG), an EG challenge group (SE, 1% EG), and a TC challenge group (SE, 0.75% TC). Before the start of each experiment, the flock was screened for any inherent Salmonella (n = 12 birds/experiment). Birds were given ad libitum access to Salmonella-free feed and water. On d 30, birds were challenged with a 4-strain mixture of SE (8 log(10) cfu/bird). Two birds from each group were killed after 24 h (d 31) to check for colonization of SE in the cecum. Birds were given feed supplemented with TC (0.75%) or EG (1%) for 5 d before slaughter on d 42 (n = 10 birds/group) for determination of SE populations in the cecum and cloaca. The experiment was repeated 2 times. The trans-cinnamaldehyde and EG consistently reduced SE in the samples in both experiments (P < 0.05). Body weights and feed consumption did not differ among the groups (P > 0.05). On the basis of histological analysis, no abnormal changes in the liver were observed because of supplementation of plant compounds. Therefore, TC and EG supplemented through the feed could reduce SE colonization in market-age chickens. C1 [Kollanoor-Johny, A.; Upadhyay, A.; Baskaran, S. A.; Upadhyaya, I.; Mooyottu, S.; Darre, M. J.; Venkitanarayanan, K.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Anim Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Mishra, N.; Khan, M. I.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Pathobiol & Vet Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Donoghue, A. M.] USDA, Poultry Prod & Prod Safety Res Unit, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Donoghue, D. J.] Univ Arkansas, Ctr Excellence Poultry Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Venkitanarayanan, K (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept Anim Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. EM kumar.venkitanarayanan@uconn.edu RI Kollanoor Johny, Anup/J-3771-2015; OI Upadhyay, Abhinav/0000-0002-6064-4858 FU USDA Organic Agriculture Research and Extension Initiative (OREI) Program (Washington, DC) [2011-01955] FX Funded by the USDA Organic Agriculture Research and Extension Initiative (OREI) Program (Washington, DC; No. 2011-01955). NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 9 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 1056-6171 J9 J APPL POULTRY RES JI J. Appl. Poult. Res. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 21 IS 4 BP 816 EP 822 DI 10.3382/japr.2012-00540 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 046ZV UT WOS:000311806000012 ER PT J AU Miles, DM Rowe, DE Moore, PA AF Miles, D. M. Rowe, D. E. Moore, P. A., Jr. TI Litter ammonia losses amplified by higher airflow rates SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POULTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE ammonia; broiler; emission; cake; litter ID BROILER HOUSES; VOLATILIZATION AB Broiler litter use has largely been associated with land application as fertilizer. Reducing the NH3 released from litter enhances its fertilizer value (more N) and negates detrimental effects to the environment. A laboratory study was conducted to quantify the effect of airflow variation on litter NH3 volatilization. Increasing the airflow rate increased NH3 volatilization. The lower flows (8.4 and 16.9 L of air/h per L of litter) generated 59 and 86% of the NH3 generated, respectively, as compared with the highest flow (25.3 L of air/h per L of litter). By specifically studying flow rate per volume of litter, the results provide a basis for needed mitigation technologies to combine forced ventilation with other parameters known to increase NH3 generation (e.g., high temperature). Practical applications to reduce NH3 emissions on the farm may include covering litter stockpiles to reduce wind flow over them or using intense ventilation between flocks coupled with an NH3 scrubber. C1 [Miles, D. M.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Genet & Precis Agr Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Rowe, D. E.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Expt Stat, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Moore, P. A., Jr.] Univ Arkansas, USDA, Agr Res Serv, Poultry Prod & Prod Safety Res Unit, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Miles, DM (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, USDA, Genet & Precis Agr Res Unit, 810 Hwy 12 E, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM dana.miles@ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 9 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 1056-6171 J9 J APPL POULTRY RES JI J. Appl. Poult. Res. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 21 IS 4 BP 874 EP 880 DI 10.3382/japr.2011-00468 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 046ZV UT WOS:000311806000019 ER PT J AU Moyle, JR Burke, JM Fanatico, A Mosjidis, JA Spencer, T Arsi, K Reyes-Herrera, I Woo-Ming, A Donoghue, DJ Donoghue, AM AF Moyle, J. R. Burke, J. M. Fanatico, A. Mosjidis, J. A. Spencer, T. Arsi, K. Reyes-Herrera, I. Woo-Ming, A. Donoghue, D. J. Donoghue, A. M. TI Palatability of tannin-rich sericea lespedeza fed to broilers SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POULTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE broiler; pasture poultry; range management; sericea lespedeza ID CONDENSED TANNINS; CUNEATA; PROTEIN; CHICKS; HAY AB As parasites become resistant to available anthelmintics, new methods of control are needed. New drugs take a long time to develop in addition to being expensive; therefore, there is increasing interest in finding and using natural alternatives. Additionally, natural remedies are needed for the organic sector because synthetic drugs are not allowed and birds with outdoor access are likely to encounter parasites. Sericea lespedeza [ SL; Lespedeza cuneata (Dum. Cours.) G. Don.] is a common perennial legume found in pastures across the southern United States that has been shown to be effective at controlling parasitic nematodes in small ruminants because of its condensed tannin content. Diets high in condensed tannins are often unpalatable to poultry; however, growers report that chickens maintained on pastures will consume SL. These reports and the level of consumption have not been verified. Therefore, before determining its potential in controlling parasites in poultry, we confirmed in a preliminary study that birds on pasture consumed SL (92% of birds examined had SL in crops), and in a subsequent study, dried SL leaves were added to a commercial broiler feed to determine the palatability of SL at various concentrations. Diets included 0 (control), 5, 10, or 20% SL (DM weight) and were fed from hatch until slaughter at 6 wk of age. Male broilers (n = 80) were randomly divided into 8 groups and fed 1 of the 4 diets in replicate. Body weight gains were similar between the control and SL at 5%. Including more than 5% SL in the diet reduced individual BW (P < 0.05). At the end of the feeding period, the digestive organs as a percentage of body weight of birds fed 20% SL were larger than those of control birds. Feed conversion was higher in the 20% SL treatment (2.31) than in the control treatment (1.63; P < 0.05). Palatability of SL did not appear to be a problem because all treatment groups consumed a similar amount of feed. Therefore, the effects of SL on parasite control will be evaluated in subsequent studies. C1 [Moyle, J. R.] Agr Res Serv, Poultry Prod & Prod Safety Res Unit, USDA, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Burke, J. M.] Agr Res Serv, Dale Bumpers Small Farms Res Ctr, USDA, Booneville, AR 72927 USA. [Fanatico, A.] Appalachian State Univ, Goodnight Family Sustainable Dev Program, Boone, NC 28608 USA. [Mosjidis, J. A.] Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Spencer, T.] NCAT, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Arsi, K.; Reyes-Herrera, I.; Woo-Ming, A.; Donoghue, D. J.; Donoghue, A. M.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Poultry Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Moyle, JR (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, Poultry Prod & Prod Safety Res Unit, USDA, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM Jon.Moyle@ars.usda.gov RI arsi, komala/G-8871-2016 OI arsi, komala/0000-0002-4282-4273 FU USDA-Southern Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education (SARE) [LS10-226]; USDA-Small Business Innovation Research [2011-33610-30836] FX This work was funded in part by USDA-Southern Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education (SARE) LS10-226 to A. M. Donoghue, A. Fanatico, and J. M. Burke and USDA-Small Business Innovation Research to SIMS Brothers Inc. (2011-33610-30836). Additionally, the authors thank Scott Zornes and Wally McDonner and the rest of the staff at USDA-Agricultural Research Service-Poultry Production and Product Safety Research Unit for their assistance in conducting this research. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 8 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 1056-6171 J9 J APPL POULTRY RES JI J. Appl. Poult. Res. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 21 IS 4 BP 891 EP 896 DI 10.3382/japr.2012-00559 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 046ZV UT WOS:000311806000021 ER PT J AU Peebles, ED Branton, SL AF Peebles, E. D. Branton, S. L. TI Mycoplasma gallisepticum in the commercial egg-laying hen: A historical perspective considering the effects of pathogen strain, age of the bird at inoculation, and diet on performance and physiology SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POULTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE diet; egg; Mycoplasma gallisepticum; inoculation; layer; performance; physiology; vaccine ID REPRODUCTIVE ORGAN CHARACTERISTICS; TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE MUTANT; LIVE F-STRAIN; POULTRY FAT; BLOOD CHARACTERISTICS; QUALITY PARAMETERS; LAYER HENS; S6 STRAIN; SEROLOGICAL RESPONSE; SIZE DISTRIBUTION AB The effects of Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) on the performance and physiology of the commercial laying hen have been shown to vary in relation to the strain of MG and the age of the bird when challenged. In an effort to protect birds against more virulent field strains of MG on multiple-age commercial farms where eradication is not feasible, milder strains of MG have been introduced as live vaccines to help displace the natural field strains. The benefits and drawbacks of the individual and combined use of these various vaccine strains are discussed in this article, along with a comparative analysis of their subsequent effects on various performance and physiological variables and their interrelationships. Prelay inoculations of either the 6/85- or ts11-strains of MG used in conjunction with an overlay of the F-strain of MG during lay have the potential of being an effective vaccination regimen for the continual protection of commercial flocks against field strain MG infections while preventing the adverse effects on performance associated with an individual inoculation of the F-strain of MG. In an additional effort to positively modify the effects of MG vaccination regimens on layer production, outcomes of the use of various dietary supplements have been explored. A 1.50% level of poultry fat alone or the combination of phytase and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol alone have shown potential in alleviating depressions in the egg production of layers by as much as 6.3 and 2.7%, respectively, as a result of being vaccinated with the F-strain of MG. Consideration of the information provided in this article concerning differences in the effects of the MG strain, the age at which MG vaccines are given, and the use of dietary supplementation on laying hen performance and physiology may be useful in improving the productivity and profitability of the commercial egg industry. C1 [Peebles, E. D.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Branton, S. L.] Agr Res Serv, Poultry Res Unit, USDA, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Peebles, ED (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM dpeebles@poultry.msstate.edu FU US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service FX Much of the work referred to in this review was funded by the US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service. NR 87 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 10 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 1056-6171 J9 J APPL POULTRY RES JI J. Appl. Poult. Res. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 21 IS 4 BP 897 EP 914 DI 10.3382/japr.2012-00555 PG 18 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 046ZV UT WOS:000311806000022 ER PT J AU Novotny, JA Fadel, JG Holstege, DM Furr, HC Clifford, AJ AF Novotny, Janet A. Fadel, James G. Holstege, Dirk M. Furr, Harold C. Clifford, Andrew J. TI This Kinetic, Bioavailability, and Metabolism Study of RRR-alpha-Tocopherol in Healthy Adults Suggests Lower Intake Requirements than Previous Estimates SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID VITAMIN-E; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; PLASMA-LIPOPROTEINS; HUMAN-ERYTHROCYTES; GAMMA-TOCOPHEROL; BINDING-SITES; HUMANS; DISCRIMINATION; QUANTITATION; ANTIOXIDANT AB Kinetic models enable nutrient needs and kinetic behaviors to be quantified and provide mechanistic insights into metabolism. Therefore, we modeled and quantified the kinetics, bioavailability, and metabolism of RRR-alpha-tocopherol in 12 healthy adults. Six men and 6 women, aged 27 +/- 6 y, each ingested 1.81 nmol of [5(-14)CH(3)]-(2R, 4'R, 8'R)-alpha-tocopherol; each dose had 3.70 kBq of C-14. Complete collections of urine and feces were made over the first 21 d from dosing. Serial blood samples were drawn over the first 70 d from dosing. All specimens were analyzed for RRR-alpha-tocopherol. Specimens were also analyzed for C-14 using accelerator MS. From these data, we modeled and quantified the kinetics of RRR-alpha-tocopherol in vivo in humans. The model had 11 compartments, 3 delay compartments, and reservoirs for urine and feces. Bioavailability of RRR-alpha-tocopherol was 81 +/- 1%. The model estimated residence time and half-life of the slowest turning-over compartment of alpha-tocopherol (adipose tissue) at 499 +/- 702 d and 184 +/- 48 d, respectively. The total body store of RRR-alpha-tocopherol was 25,900 +/- 6=220 mu mol (11 +/- 3 g) and we calculated the adipose tissue level to be 1.53 mu mol/g (657 mu g/g). We found that a daily intake of 9.2 mu mol (4 mg) of RRR-alpha-tocopherol maintained plasma RRR-alpha-tocopherol concentrations at 23 mu mol/L. These findings suggest that the dietary requirement for vitamin E may be less than that currently recommended and these results will be important for future updates of intake recommendations. J. Nutr. 142: 2105-2111, 2012. C1 [Clifford, Andrew J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Novotny, Janet A.] USDA, Food Components & Hlth Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Fadel, James G.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Holstege, Dirk M.] Univ Calif Davis, Analyt Lab, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Furr, Harold C.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Nutr, Madison, WI USA. RP Clifford, AJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM ajclifford@ucdavis.edu FU NIH [R01 DK 081551]; USDA Regional Research [W-2002]; California Agricultural Experiment Station; National Center for Research Resources, a component of the NIH [UL1 RR024146]; NIH Roadmap for Medical Research; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; NIH National Center for Research Resources [RR13461] FX Supported by NIH grant R01 DK 081551, USDA Regional Research W-2002, the California Agricultural Experiment Station, and grant UL1 RR024146 from the National Center for Research Resources, a component of the NIH, and NIH Roadmap for Medical Research. Aspects of this work were performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 and NIH National Center for Research Resources grant RR13461. NR 42 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 142 IS 12 BP 2105 EP 2111 DI 10.3945/jn.112.166462 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 044XK UT WOS:000311658300005 PM 23077194 ER PT J AU Nicklas, TA O'Neil, CE Fulgoni, VL AF Nicklas, Theresa A. O'Neil, Carol E. Fulgoni, Victor L., III TI Diet Quality Is Inversely Related to Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Adults SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID HEALTHY EATING INDEX; MAJOR CHRONIC DISEASE; GUIDELINES-FOR-AMERICANS; BODY-MASS INDEX; ENERGY-INTAKE; PATTERNS; WOMEN; SCORES; BIOMARKERS; NUTRITION AB The goal of the study was to determine if there was an association between diet quality and cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) in adults. NHANES 2001-2008 data were used to compare diet quality, as determined by using 2005 Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2005) scores, and CVRF in adults aged >= 19 y (n = 18,988; 51% men, 50% white, 21% African American, 25% Hispanic American, 4% other). HEI-2005 scores were calculated by using one 24-h dietary recall collected from the participants. Weight and adiposity, blood pressure, and CVRF were measured. Regression analyses were conducted to assess the linear relationship of CVRF and HEI-2005 scores by using appropriate covariates accounting for sample weights and the complex sample design of NHANES. OR were calculated for HEI quartiles and CVRF. BMI (P < 0.0001), waist circumference (WC) (P = 0.0001), diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.0002), C-reactive protein (P = 0.0016), total cholesterol (P = 0.0006), LDL cholesterol (P = 0.0039), and metabolic syndrome (P = 0.0035) were inversely associated with HEI-2005. HDL cholesterol significantly (P = 0.0048) increased across HEI-2005 quartiles. Compared with the lowest HEI-2005 quartile, individuals with the highest diet quality (HEI-2005 quartile 4) were less likely to be overweight or obese (34%) or have elevated WC (35%), elevated blood pressure (26%), metabolic syndrome (35%), and decreased HDL-cholesterol concentrations (21%). Data suggest that diet quality is inversely associated with several CVRF. J. Nutr. 142: 2112-2118, 2012. C1 [Nicklas, Theresa A.] ARS, Dept Pediat, Baylor Coll Med, USDA,Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX USA. [O'Neil, Carol E.] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Human Ecol, Ctr Agr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Fulgoni, Victor L., III] Nutr Impact LLC, Battle Creek, MI USA. RP Nicklas, TA (reprint author), ARS, Dept Pediat, Baylor Coll Med, USDA,Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX USA. EM tnicklas@bcm.edu FU USDA-Agricultural Research Service (USDA/ARS) [58-6250-6-003]; Hatch project LAB [93951]; Egg Nutrition Board FX This research project is supported by the USDA-Agricultural Research Service (USDA/ARS) through specific cooperative agreement 58-6250-6-003 and from the Hatch project LAB 93951. Partial support was received from the Egg Nutrition Board. This work is a publication of the USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USDA, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement from the US government. NR 66 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 30 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 142 IS 12 BP 2112 EP 2118 DI 10.3945/jn.112.164889 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 044XK UT WOS:000311658300006 PM 23077187 ER PT J AU Han, SN Lichtenstein, AH Ausman, LM Meydani, SN AF Han, Sung Nim Lichtenstein, Alice H. Ausman, Lynne M. Meydani, Simin Nikbin TI Novel Soybean Oils Differing in Fatty Acid Composition Alter Immune Functions of Moderately Hypercholesterolemic Older Adults SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID ALPHA-LINOLENIC ACID; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; RISK; HUMANS; RATIO; N-6; INFECTION; DENSITY; CHAIN; FISH AB Linoleic acid (LA) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) are essential fatty acids that play an important role in modulation of T cell proliferation. The effects of consuming novel soybean oils varying in LA:ALA ratios on T cell proliferation and inflammatory responses were assessed in older adults. Eighteen participants (>50 y old) with elevated cholesterol concentrations (3.37-4.14 mmol/L LDL cholesterol) consumed 5 experimental diets in random order for periods of 35 d. Each diet contained 30% of energy as fat, two-thirds of which was high-oleic acid soybean oil (HiOleic-SO), soybean oil (SO), low-SFA soybean oil (LoSFA-SO), hydrogenated soybean oil (Hydrog-SO), or low-ALA soybean oil (LoALA-SO), resulting in LA:ALA ratios of 2.98, 8.70, 9.69, 15.2, and 18.3, respectively. Participants had higher proliferative responses to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) compared with baseline following consumption of SO (26%; P < 0.05), LoSFA-SO (22%; P < 0.05), or HiOleic-SO (24%; P < 0.05) diets. Proliferative response was similar to the baseline after participants consumed diets with an LA:ALA ratio >10 (Hydrog-SO and LoALA-SO). Post-diet intervention, LA:ALA ratios correlated with proliferative responses to PHA (r = -0.87; P = 0.05). An optimal proliferative response was observed at an LA:ALA ratio of 8.70, with an inverse correlation between proliferative response and LA:ALA ratios >8.70. These effects were independent of changes in the production of PGE(2), inflammatory cytokines, or cytokines involved in growth of lymphocytes. These data suggest that the LA:ALA ratio modulates the proliferative ability of T lymphocytes, which may be due to subtle changes in fatty acid composition of the phospholipids in immune cells. J. Nutr. 142: 2182-2187, 2012. C1 [Han, Sung Nim; Meydani, Simin Nikbin] Tufts Univ, Nutr Immunol Lab, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Lichtenstein, Alice H.; Ausman, Lynne M.] Tufts Univ, Cardiovasc Nutr Lab, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Han, Sung Nim] Seoul Natl Univ, Coll Human Ecol, Dept Food & Nutr, Seoul, South Korea. RP Meydani, SN (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Nutr Immunol Lab, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM simin.meydani@tufts.edu FU NIH [HL 54727]; USDA [1950-51000-072-02S] FX Supported by NIH grant no. HL 54727 and USDA grant no. 1950-51000-072-02S. The experimental oils used for this study, with the exception of the hydrogenated soybean oil, were a gift from Solae Company, St. Louis, MO. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the USDA. NR 28 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 142 IS 12 BP 2182 EP 2187 DI 10.3945/jn.112.164335 PG 6 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 044XK UT WOS:000311658300016 PM 23096013 ER PT J AU Kimura, T Bier, DM Taylor, CL AF Kimura, Takeshi Bier, Dennis M. Taylor, Christine L. TI Summary of Workshop Discussions on Establishing Upper Limits for Amino Acids with Specific Attention to Available Data for the Essential Amino Acids Leucine and Tryptophan SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th Workshop on the Assessment of Adequate and Safe Intake of Dietary Amino Acids CY NOV 10-11, 2011 CL undefined, WA ID UPPER INTAKE LEVEL; HUMANS; RATS; MEN AB The morning of the first day of the 8th Amino Acid Assessment Workshop was organized and co-sponsored by the International Council on Amino Acid Science (ICAAS) and the International Life Sciences Institute Research Foundation and was focused on the International Life Sciences Institute Research Foundation's approach to establishing upper limits of nutrients. The remainder of d 1 and all of d 2 were focused on the safety of leucine and tryptophan, with special emphasis on determining the upper level of the safe range of intake. It was recognized that some toxicological frameworks, mainly the key-events dose response framework, might be applicable to amino acids and provide appropriate assistance to regulators in establishing upper limits for amino acids as a group of nutrients used in dietary supplements. ICAAS-funded projects for determining the upper intake limits for the essential amino acid leucine provided the main pool of leucine data discussed at the workshop. The acute clinical study suggests 500 mg/(kg . d) as a possible upper limit for leucine in healthy humans, but the safety margin needed to widen this limit to the general population has not been determined. For tryptophan, the workshop participants found less ground for consensus. Older efficacy studies suggested that tryptophan at 8-15 g/d was well tolerated, but human research was abruptly terminated in the late 1980s and no new data are available. Animal results obtained in pigs and rodents were discussed and 2 possible strategies for applying those outcomes to humans were described. J. Nutr. 142: 2245S-2248S, 2012. C1 [Kimura, Takeshi] Ajinomoto Co Inc, Chuo Ku, Tokyo, Japan. [Bier, Dennis M.] ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX USA. [Taylor, Christine L.] NIH, Off Dietary Supplements, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Kimura, T (reprint author), Ajinomoto Co Inc, Chuo Ku, Tokyo, Japan. EM takeshi_kimura@ajinomoto.com FU ICAAS secretariat; International Council on Amino Acid Science (ICAAS); International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI) Research Foundation FX The authors thank the ICAAS secretariat for their support during and after the workshop. T.K. wrote the manuscript based on the tapes from the discussion sections with the assistance of Dr. Miroslav Smriga; and D.M.B. and C.L.T. critically reviewed the manuscript and contributed to the final version. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.; Published in a supplement to The Journal of Nutrition. Presented at the 8th Workshop on the Assessment of Adequate and Safe Intake of Dietary Amino Acids, held in Washington, DC, November 10-11, 2011. The conference was sponsored by the International Council on Amino Acid Science (ICAAS) and the International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI) Research Foundation. The Organizing Committee for the workshop included Sidney M. Morris, Jr, Dennis M. Bier, Luc A. Cynober, Motoni Kadowaki, and Andrew G. Renwick. The views expressed in these papers are not necessarily those of the Supplement Coordinator or Guest Editors. The Supplement Coordinator for this supplement was D'Ann Finley, University California, Davis. Supplement Coordinator disclosures: D'Ann Finley received travel support and compensation from ICAAS for editorial services provided for this supplement publication. The supplement is the responsibility of the Guest Editor to whom the Editor of The Journal of Nutrition has delegated supervision of both technical conformity to the published regulations of The Journal of Nutrition and general oversight of the scientific merit of each article. The Guest Editor for this supplement was Harry Dawson. Guest Editor disclosure: Harry Dawson had no conflicts to disclose. Publication costs for this supplement were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This publication must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 USC section 1734 solely to indicate this fact. The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and are not attributable to the sponsors or the Publisher, Editor, or Editorial Board of The Journal of Nutrition. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 EI 1541-6100 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 142 IS 12 BP 2245S EP 2248S DI 10.3945/jn.112.160846 PG 4 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 044XK UT WOS:000311658300027 PM 23077196 ER PT J AU Siriwardhana, N Kalupahana, NS Fletcher, S Xin, WT Claycombe, KJ Quignard-Boulange, A Zhao, L Saxton, AM Moustaid-Moussa, N AF Siriwardhana, Nalin Kalupahana, Nishan S. Fletcher, Sarah Xin, Wenting Claycombe, Kate J. Quignard-Boulange, Annie Zhao, Ling Saxton, Arnold M. Moustaid-Moussa, Naima TI n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids differentially regulate adipose angiotensinogen and other inflammatory adipokines in part via NF-kappa B-dependent mechanisms SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE PUFA; Arachidonic acid; Eicosapentaenoic acid; Adipocyte; Inflammation; MCP-1; IL-6; Agt ID INSULIN-RESISTANCE; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; GENE-EXPRESSION; MACROPHAGE INFILTRATION; TISSUE INFLAMMATION; OBESITY; MICE; ADIPOCYTES; CELLS; DIET AB Excessive secretion of proinflammatory adipokines has been linked to metabolic disorders. We have previously documented anti-inflammatory effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) in adipose tissue; however, the mechanisms by which these fatty acids regulate adipokine secretion remain unclear. Here, we determined differential effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA. n-3 PUFA) vs. arachidonic acid (AA, n-6 PUFA) on expression and secretion of angiotensinogen (Agt), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP-1) in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. While both PUFAs increased intracellular Agt protein and mRNA expression. Agt secretion into culture media was increased only by AA treatment, which in turn was prevented by co-treatment with EPA. At various AA/EPA ratios, increasing AA concentrations significantly increased secretion of the above three adipokines, whereas increasing EPA dose-dependently, while lowering AA, decreased their secretion. Moreover, IL-6 and MCP-1 were more significantly reduced by EPA treatment compared to Agt (IL-6>MCP>Agt). Next, we tested whether nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B), a major proinflammatory transcription factor, was involved in regulation of these adipokines by PUFAs. EPA significantly inhibited NF-kappa B activation compared to control or AA treatments. Moreover, EPA attenuated tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced MCP-1 and further reduced its secretion in the presence of an NF-kappa B inhibitor. Taken together, we reported here novel beneficial effects of EPA in adipocytes. We demonstrated direct anti-inflammatory effects of EPA, which are at least in part due to the inhibitory effects of this n-3 PUFA on the NF-kappa B pathway in adipocytes. In conclusion, these studies further support beneficial effects of n-3 PUFAs in adipocyte inflammation and metabolic disorders. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Moustaid-Moussa, Naima] Univ Tennessee, Inst Agr, Dept Anim Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Siriwardhana, Nalin; Kalupahana, Nishan S.; Xin, Wenting; Zhao, Ling; Saxton, Arnold M.; Moustaid-Moussa, Naima] UT Obes Res Ctr, Knoxville, TN USA. [Fletcher, Sarah; Saxton, Arnold M.; Moustaid-Moussa, Naima] Genome Sci & Technol Program, Knoxville, TN USA. [Claycombe, Kate J.] USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. [Quignard-Boulange, Annie] INRA AgroParisTech, Paris, France. RP Moustaid-Moussa, N (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Inst Agr, Dept Anim Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM moustaid@utk.edu FU USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture; NRI [2005-35200-15224]; University of Tennessee (UT) Center of Excellence in Livestock Diseases and Human Health; UT Obesity Research Center; UT AgResearch FX This research was supported by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, NRI award 2005-35200-15224, University of Tennessee (UT) Center of Excellence in Livestock Diseases and Human Health, UT Obesity Research Center and UT AgResearch. We thank the following former lab members for their contribution to this work: Patrick Wortman, Suzanne Booker, Avik Mukherjee, Dimithri Smolensky and Rhett Layman. NR 49 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0955-2863 J9 J NUTR BIOCHEM JI J. Nutr. Biochem. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 23 IS 12 BP 1661 EP 1667 DI 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2011.11.009 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 045QA UT WOS:000311710700015 PM 22475809 ER PT J AU Taylor, MM Medina, MB Lee, J Bumanlag, LP Brown, EM Liu, CK AF Taylor, M. M. Medina, M. B. Lee, J. Bumanlag, L. P. Brown, E. M. Liu, C. K. TI TREATMENT OF WET BLUE WITH FILLERS PRODUCED FROM QUEBRACHO-MODIFIED GELATIN SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID OXIDIZED PHENOLIC-COMPOUNDS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; LEATHER; SURIMI; FILMS; ACID; GELS AB Gelatin modified with quebracho to produce high molecular weight, high viscosity products was investigated as a filler in leather processing. The uptake of quebracho/gelatin product by the wet blue was on the average about 55% of the 10% gelatin/quebracho product offered; the reaction appeared to be complete after about 4 h. The uptake of quebracho alone by the wet blue was run as a control; after 2 h almost 100% of the quebracho was taken up by the hide. As a second control, the effect of eliminating vegetable tannins (quebracho and mimosa) from the retan, color, and fatliquor (RCF), on properties of the crust was tested. Epi-fluorescent imaging and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results indicated distinctive differences between the two control samples and the gelatin/quebracho treated hide. The gelatin/quebracho treated samples had superior subjective properties when compared to untreated controls; differences in mechanical properties were dependent on whether vegetable tannin was present or absent in RCF. Thus a filler produced from a common vegetable tannin (quebracho) and a waste product from the leather industry (gelatin) can add economic value to leather by improving its quality. C1 [Taylor, M. M.; Medina, M. B.; Lee, J.; Bumanlag, L. P.; Brown, E. M.; Liu, C. K.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Taylor, MM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM maryann.taylor@ars.usda.gov NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOC PI LUBBOCK PA 1314 50 ST, STE 103, LUBBOCK, TX 79412 USA SN 0002-9726 J9 J AM LEATHER CHEM AS JI J. Am. Leather Chem. Assoc. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 107 IS 12 BP 416 EP 421 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Materials Science, Textiles SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 048QD UT WOS:000311926700002 ER PT J AU James, A De Graff, JV AF James, Arlington De Graff, Jerome V. TI The draining of Matthieu landslide-dam lake, Dominica, West Indies SO LANDSLIDES LA English DT Article DE Landslide dam; Dam breach; Caribbean; Flooding ID FAILURE AB Shortly before midnight on Wednesday, July 27, 2011, the landslide dam forming a lake on the Matthieu River, Dominica, West Indies rapidly breached. The complete draining of the lake caused major flooding along the lower Layou River Valley. No fatalities or injuries resulted despite significant property and infrastructure damage. Government estimates place the cost for immediate cleanup and long-term repairs between ECD$9 million and ECD$18 million. The lake created by the landslide dam was unusual for having persisted nearly 14 years. Formation of the Matthieu landslide dam was associated with formation and breaching of two smaller landslide dams on the Layou River in 1997. Available evidence is consistent with breaching due to landsliding on the face of the landslide dam. Landslides removed sufficient material to permit the lake to flow over the dam and erode the dam to about the level of the pre-existing channel of the Matthieu River. C1 [De Graff, Jerome V.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Clovis, CA 93611 USA. [James, Arlington] Wildlife & Parks Div, Roseau, Dominica. RP De Graff, JV (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, 1600 Tollhouse Rd, Clovis, CA 93611 USA. EM jdegraff@fs.fed.us NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 16 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1612-510X J9 LANDSLIDES JI Landslides PD DEC PY 2012 VL 9 IS 4 BP 529 EP 537 DI 10.1007/s10346-012-0333-9 PG 9 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 045DH UT WOS:000311674700007 ER PT J AU Brewer, MC Mass, CF Potter, BE AF Brewer, Matthew C. Mass, Clifford F. Potter, Brian E. TI The West Coast Thermal Trough: Climatology and Synoptic Evolution SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID TRAPPED WIND REVERSALS; UNITED-STATES; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; WARM-SEASON; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; ONSHORE PUSH; MARINE AIR; HEAT LOW; PRESSURE; LEVEL AB Although the West Coast thermal trough (WCTT) is the most important mesoscale feature over the U.S. west coast during the warm season, its initiation, evolution, and structure are not well understood. Originating in the southwest United States, this inverted trough can extend northward into Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia, with large impacts on temperature, wind, humidity, and air quality. Using NCEP's North American Regional Reanalysis (NARR), annual and diurnal climatologies of WCTTs reaching the northwest United States were constructed. For the entire year, WCTTs are most frequent along the coast near the California-Oregon border, with weaker maxima west of the Cascade and coastal mountains. Over the coastal region, they occur most often during autumn, while east of the Cascade Mountains, the highest frequency is during summer. There is strong diurnal variability in WCTT frequency during the summer, with little diurnal variation in winter. Though compositing revealed important seasonal differences in WCTT evolution, some common features emerged. An upper-level ridge moves over the northwest United States and associated high pressure builds in the lower troposphere over southwest Canada, resulting in the development of near-surface easterlies and downslope flow over the western slopes of major terrain barriers of the region. Simultaneously, the WCTT extends northward from California into the Pacific Northwest. As the synoptic configuration changes, the WCTT either moves eastward and merges with the larger thermal low over the Great Basin region, which is most common in summer, or it recedes back into California and dissipates, as often happens in winter. C1 [Brewer, Matthew C.; Mass, Clifford F.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Potter, Brian E.] USDA, Forest Serv, Seattle, WA USA. RP Brewer, MC (reprint author), Univ Washington, 408 Atmospher Sci Geophys ATG Bldg,Box 351640, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM mcbrewer83@yahoo.com FU USDA Forest Service [PNW-10-JV-11261987-033] FX This research was supported by the USDA Forest Service through Agreement PNW-10-JV-11261987-033. We wish to thank Mr. John Saltenberger and Ms. Julia Ruthford for numerous helpful conversations regarding the fire impacts of thermal troughs, and Jeff Baars and Rick Steed for technical support in downloading, analyzing, and displaying the NARR data. NR 43 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 140 IS 12 BP 3820 EP 3843 DI 10.1175/MWR-D-12-00078.1 PG 24 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 048XA UT WOS:000311945300002 ER PT J AU Yocum, GD Rinehart, JP Boetel, MA AF Yocum, George D. Rinehart, Joseph P. Boetel, Mark A. TI Water balance in the sugarbeet root maggot Tetanops myopaeformis, during long-term low-temperature storage and after freezing SO PHYSIOLOGICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Diapause; low-temperature storage; overwintering; sugarbeet root maggot; Tetanops myopaeformis; water loss rates ID COLD-STORAGE; DIPTERA; DIAPAUSE; OTITIDAE; SURVIVAL AB The sugarbeet root maggot Tetanops myopaeformis Roder (Diptera: Ulidiidae) can be stored in moist sand at 46 degrees C for up to 5 years and is freeze-tolerant. The majority of stored larvae survive in a state of post-diapause quiescence and the remainder are in a multi-year diapause. The present study aims to determine larval water content and water loss rates in diapausing and low-temperature stored larvae. Body water content ranges from 57% to 70.1%. Two distinct groupings of larvae are revealed based on dry weights. The first group consists of the diapausing larvae and larvae stored for 1 year. This group has significantly higher dry weights than the second grouping, which consists of the larvae stored for 2 and 3 years. There are no significant differences within each group. Larval water losses follow a first-order kinetic relationship with time. Larvae stored for 2 years lose water at a significantly higher rate than diapausing larvae. Larvae exhibit no active water uptake at storage temperatures. A freezing event does not induce a significant decrease in wet weights, nor does it increase larval water loss rates. These results indicate that metabolic water and the microclimate during storage are key factors enabling the long-term survival of T. myopaeformis larvae during low-temperature storage, and may provide insights for maintaining other insect species under similar conditions. C1 [Yocum, George D.; Rinehart, Joseph P.] USDA ARS, Red River Valley Agr Res Ctr, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Boetel, Mark A.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Entomol, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Yocum, GD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Red River Valley Agr Res Ctr, Biosci Res Lab, 1605 Albrecht Blvd,POB 5674, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM george.yocum@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0307-6962 J9 PHYSIOL ENTOMOL JI Physiol. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 37 IS 4 BP 340 EP 344 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3032.2012.00848.x PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 043UT UT WOS:000311575800007 ER PT J AU Bolton, MD Rivera-Varas, V Mendoza, LED Khan, MFR Secor, GA AF Bolton, Melvin D. Rivera-Varas, Viviana Mendoza, Luis E. del Rio Khan, Mohamed F. R. Secor, Gary A. TI Efficacy of Variable Tetraconazole Rates Against Cercospora beticola Isolates with Differing In Vitro Sensitivities to DMI Fungicides SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID DEMETHYLATION-INHIBITING FUNGICIDES; CROSS-RESISTANCE PATTERNS; SUGAR-BEET; STEROL 14-ALPHA-DEMETHYLASE; GENE CYP51; STRAINS; BENZIMIDAZOLE; POPULATIONS; GRAMINICOLA; SACC. AB Cercospora leaf spot (CLS) of sugar beet is caused by the fungus Cercospora beticola. CLS management practices include the application of the sterol demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicides tetraconazole, difenoconazole, and prothioconazole. Evaluating resistance to DMIs is a major focus for CLS fungicide resistance management. Isolates were collected in 1997 and 1998 (baseline sensitivity to tetraconazole, prothioconazole, or difenoconazole) and 2007 through 2010 from the major sugar-beet-growing regions of Minnesota and North Dakota and assessed for in vitro sensitivity to two or three DMI fungicides. Most (47%) isolates collected in 1997-98 exhibited 50% effective concentration (EC50) values for tetraconazole of <0.01 mu g ml(-1), whereas no isolates could be found in this EC50 range in 2010. Since 2007, annual median and mean tetraconazole EC50 values have generally been increasing, and the frequency of isolates with EC50 values >0.11 mu g m(-1) increased from 2008 to 2010. In contrast, the frequency of isolates with EC50 values for prothioconazole of >1.0 mu g ml(-1) has been decreasing since 2007. Annual median difenoconazole EC50 values appears to be stable, although annual mean EC50 values generally have been increasing for this fungicide. Although EC50 values are import ant for gauging fungicide sensitivity trends, a rigorous comparison of the relationship between in vitro EC50 values and loss of fungicide efficacy in planta has not been conducted for C. beticola. To explore this, 12 isolates exhibiting a wide range of tetraconazole EC50 values were inoculated to sugar beet but no tetraconazole was applied. No relationship was found between isolate EC50 value and disease severity. To assess whether EC50 values are related to fungicide efficacy in planta, sugar beet plants were sprayed with various dilutions of Eminent. the commercial formulation of tetraconazole, and subsequently inoculated with isolates that exhibited very low, medium, or high tetraconazole EC50 values. The high EC50 isolate caused significantly more disease than isolates with medium or very low EC50 values at the field application rate and most reduced rates. Because in vitro sensitivity testing is typically carried out with the active ingredient of the commercial fungicide, we investigated whether loss of disease control was the same for tetraconazole as for the commercial product Eminent. The high EC50 isolate caused more disease on plants treated with tetraconazole than Eminent but disease severity was not different between plants inoculated with the very low EC50 isolate. C1 [Bolton, Melvin D.] USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Bolton, Melvin D.; Rivera-Varas, Viviana; Mendoza, Luis E. del Rio; Khan, Mohamed F. R.; Secor, Gary A.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Khan, Mohamed F. R.] Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Bolton, MD (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM Melvin.Bolton@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service CRIS project [5442-22000-042-00D]; Sugarbeet Research and Education Board of Minnesota and North Dakota; Beet Sugar Development Foundation FX This research was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service CRIS project 5442-22000-042-00D and grants from the Sugarbeet Research and Education Board of Minnesota and North Dakota and the Beet Sugar Development Foundation. NR 43 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 21 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 96 IS 12 BP 1749 EP 1756 DI 10.1094/PDIS-03-12-0255-RE PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 042HQ UT WOS:000311462700005 ER PT J AU Gachango, E Hanson, LE Rojas, A Hao, JJ Kirk, WW AF Gachango, E. Hanson, L. E. Rojas, A. Hao, J. J. Kirk, W. W. TI Fusarium spp. Causing Dry Rot of Seed Potato Tubers in Michigan and Their Sensitivity to Fungicides SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID 1ST REPORT; GIBBERELLA-PULICARIS; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; UNITED-STATES; SPROUT ROT; RESISTANCE; THIABENDAZOLE; SAMBUCINUM; DECAY; CUT AB A survey of seed potato tubers in Michigan seed production storage facilities was carried out during 2009 and 2010. Fusarium spp. associated with tuber dry rot symptoms were identified to species and tested for sensitivity to difenoconazole, fludioxonil, and thiabendazole. Symptomatic tubers (n = 370) were collected from a total of 51 seed lots, from which 228 isolates of Fusarium were recovered and identified to 11 species. Fusarium oxysporum was the most commonly isolated species (30.3%), followed by F. eguiseti (19.3%). F. sambucinum and F. avenaceum were third most prevalent (each at 13.6%). Less prevalent species (each at 4 to 10%) included F cerealis, F solani, and F. acuminatum; and species present at <= 3% included F. sporotrichioides, F. torulosum, F. tricinctum, and F. graminearum. Representative isolates of all species were pathogenic when inoculated onto seed tubers ('Dark Red Norland'). Isolates of F. sambucinum were the most virulent. All 228 isolates of Fusarium were sensitive to difenoconazole (effective fungicide concentration that caused 50% inhibition of mycelia! growth [EC50] < 5 mg/liter). Insensitivity to fludioxonil (EC50 > 100 mg/liter) was detected only for F. sambucinum and F. axysporum isolates at 8.9 and 20.4%, respectively. All isolates were sensitive to thiabendazole (EC50 < 5 mg/liter), except for those of F. sambucinum (EC50 > 100 mg/liter). Therefore, knowledge of what Fusarium spp. are present in seed potato storage facilities in Michigan may be important if using fludioxonil or thiabendazole for seed piece treatment but not when using difenoconazole. C1 [Gachango, E.; Hanson, L. E.; Rojas, A.; Hao, J. J.; Kirk, W. W.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Hanson, L. E.] Michigan State Univ, USDA ARS, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Kirk, WW (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM kirkw@msu.edu RI Rojas, J Alejandro/D-9273-2016 OI Rojas, J Alejandro/0000-0001-5492-5963 FU Michigan AgBioResearch GREEEN (Generating Research and Extension to meet Economic and Environmental Needs) Project [GR 08/071]; Michigan Potato Industry Commission; Quad State Potato Group [NCERA 211]; CSREES Hatch Project [MICL01966] FX This research was funded, in part, by the Michigan AgBioResearch GREEEN (Generating Research and Extension to meet Economic and Environmental Needs) Project GR 08/071, Michigan Potato Industry Commission, and supported in principal by the NCERA 211 (Quad State Potato Group), CSREES Hatch Project Number MICL01966, and the Michigan Potato Industry Commission. NR 49 TC 13 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 36 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 96 IS 12 BP 1767 EP 1774 DI 10.1094/PDIS-11-11-0932-RE PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 042HQ UT WOS:000311462700008 ER PT J AU Zacaroni, AB Koike, ST de Souza, RM Bull, CT AF Zacaroni, A. B. Koike, S. T. de Souza, R. M. Bull, C. T. TI Bacterial Leaf Spot of Radicchio (Cichorium intybus) is caused by Xanthomonas hortorum. SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Zacaroni, A. B.] Univ Fed Lavras, BR-37200000 Lavras, MG, Brazil. Univ Calif Cooperat Extens, Salinas, CA 93901 USA. ARS, USDA, Salinas, CA USA. RP Zacaroni, AB (reprint author), Univ Fed Lavras, BR-37200000 Lavras, MG, Brazil. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 96 IS 12 BP 1820 EP 1820 DI 10.1094/PDIS-07-12-0672-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 042HQ UT WOS:000311462700021 ER PT J AU Rooney-Latham, S Bischoff, JF AF Rooney-Latham, S. Bischoff, J. F. TI First Report of Powdery Mildew Caused by Podosphaera euphorbiae-hirtae on Euphorbia tithymaloides in California SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Rooney-Latham, S.] Calif Dept Food & Agr, Sacramento, CA 95832 USA. [Bischoff, J. F.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 96 IS 12 BP 1822 EP 1822 DI 10.1094/PDIS-05-12-0461-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 042HQ UT WOS:000311462700027 ER PT J AU Peter, KA Vico, I Gaskins, V Janisiewicz, WJ Saftner, RA Jurick, WM AF Peter, K. A. Vico, I. Gaskins, V. Janisiewicz, W. J. Saftner, R. A. Jurick, W. M., II TI First Report of Penicillium carneum Causing Blue Mold on Stored Apples in Pennsylvania SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Peter, K. A.; Gaskins, V.; Saftner, R. A.; Jurick, W. M., II] ARS, Food Qual Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Vico, I.] Univ Belgrade, Dept Phytomed, Belgrade, Serbia. [Janisiewicz, W. J.] ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, USDA, Kearneysville, WV USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 96 IS 12 BP 1823 EP 1824 DI 10.1094/PDIS-06-12-0541-PDN PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 042HQ UT WOS:000311462700031 ER PT J AU Hobbs, HA Domier, LL Nelson, BD AF Hobbs, H. A. Domier, L. L. Nelson, B. D. TI First Report of Alfalfa mosaic virus and Soybean dwarf virus on Soybean in North Dakota. SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Domier, L. L.] Univ Illinois, USDA, ARS, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Nelson, B. D.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 96 IS 12 BP 1829 EP 1829 DI 10.1094/PDIS-07-12-0673-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 042HQ UT WOS:000311462700045 ER PT J AU Caesar, AJ Lartey, RT Caesar-TonThat, T AF Caesar, A. J. Lartey, R. T. Caesar-TonThat, T. TI First Report of Pilidium concavum Causing Root Lesions of Meadow Hawkweed in France SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Caesar, A. J.; Lartey, R. T.; Caesar-TonThat, T.] ARS, USDA, No Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 96 IS 12 BP 1830 EP 1830 DI 10.1094/PDIS-05-12-0509-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 042HQ UT WOS:000311462700048 ER PT J AU Motilal, LA Zhang, DP Umaharan, P Boccara, M Mischke, S Sankar, A Meinhardt, LW AF Motilal, Lambert A. Zhang, Dapeng Umaharan, Pathmanathan Boccara, Michel Mischke, Sue Sankar, Antoinette Meinhardt, Lyndel W. TI Elucidation of genetic identity and population structure of cacao germplasm within an international cacao genebank SO PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES-CHARACTERIZATION AND UTILIZATION LA English DT Article DE cocoa; conservation; field genebank; mislabelling; population structure; tree identity ID MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; THEOBROMA-CACAO; COCOA-GENEBANK; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; L. GERMPLASM; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; COMPUTER-PROGRAM; TRINIDAD; DIVERSITY; COLLECTION AB Theobroma cacao L., or cacao, is the source of cocoa products used in the making of chocolate. These tropical trees are conserved in living genebanks. The International Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad is one of the largest ex situ collections in the public domain. Mislabelling is a critical problem and the correction of this problem is vital to improve the accuracy and efficiency of genebank management. Using microsatellite DNA markers, we assessed the level of mislabelling in a group of Refractario cacao that originated from Ecuador and determined their population memberships through Bayesian clustering analysis. The microsatellite data revealed a synonymous rate of 7.5% and an error rate of 39.4% in this germplasm subset. The analysis of the population structure grouped the Refractario accessions into four subclusters, indicating intra-population heterogeneity in this germplasm group. Based on the results, we recommend that when the assignment test is used for cacao genotype identification, it should (a) use duplicated samples as internal checks, (b) choose suitable reference accessions, including a known homogeneous group and (c) employ subclustering checks to obtain reliable results. The information framework generated is discussed in relation to the management of the collection, population enhancement and future research of the collection. C1 [Motilal, Lambert A.; Umaharan, Pathmanathan; Boccara, Michel; Sankar, Antoinette] Univ W Indies, Cocoa Res Unit, St Augustine, Trinidad, Trinid & Tobago. [Zhang, Dapeng; Mischke, Sue; Meinhardt, Lyndel W.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, PSI, SPCL, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Boccara, Michel] Ctr Cooperat Int Rech Agron Dev CIRAD, Biol Syst Dept, Unite Mixte Rech Dev & Ameliorat Plantes UMR DAP, Montpellier, France. RP Motilal, LA (reprint author), Univ W Indies, Cocoa Res Unit, St Augustine, Trinidad, Trinid & Tobago. EM lamotilal@yahoo.com FU Government of Trinidad and Tobago Research Development Fund FX Thanks to Ms Alisha Omar-Ali for assisting with DNA extractions and to Mr Stephen Pinney for his assistance with the electrophoresis work. Ms Zainab Ali and Mr Kasey Gordon are thanked for their assistance with data entry. Two anonymous reviewers are thanked for critiquing the manuscript. This research was made possible in part by a grant from the Government of Trinidad and Tobago Research Development Fund. NR 51 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 14 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1479-2621 J9 PLANT GENET RESOUR-C JI Plant Genet. Resour.-Charact. Util. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 10 IS 3 BP 232 EP 241 DI 10.1017/S1479262112000305 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 045GR UT WOS:000311683900009 ER PT J AU Purswell, JL Evans, JD Leigh, SA Collier, SD Olanrewaju, HA Kim, EJ Pharr, GT Peebles, ED Branton, SL AF Purswell, J. L. Evans, J. D. Leigh, S. A. Collier, S. D. Olanrewaju, H. A. Kim, E. J. Pharr, G. T. Peebles, E. D. Branton, S. L. TI Mycoplasma gallisepticum transmission: Comparison of commercial F-strain vaccine versus layer complex-derived field strains in a tunnel ventilated house SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE poultry; disease; mycoplasmosis; broiler; turkey ID EGG QUALITY PARAMETERS; 44-WEEK LAYING CYCLE; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; DUAL INFECTION; CHICKENS; VIRULENCE; TS-11; HENS; IMMUNOGENICITY; CHALLENGE AB Two simultaneous trials were conducted using a commercially available, live, F strain Mycoplasma gallisepticum (FMG) vaccine (trial 1) or 2 inocula of layer complex-derived MG strains (LCD-MG; trial 2). In each of the 2 trials, 4 commercial turkeys were housed in each of 2 adjoining pens immediately adjacent to air inlets. The turkeys (8/trial) were inoculated in the right eye with either a 1 x dose of FMG (trial 1) or with 0.02 mL of 1 of 2 actively growing LCD-MG inocula (4 turkeys/inoculum; trial 2). In each of the 2 trials, one pen housing 4 inoculated turkeys was maintained without the addition of other poultry, whereas 16 MG-free broilers and 4 MG-free layers were added to the other pen of 4 inoculated turkeys. Within each of the trials and at increasing intervals, either 4 layers (3 pens) or 4 turkeys (3 pens) were placed down-airstream from the inoculated pens. The distance of the first pen from the inoculated turkeys was separated by the width of one pen that was empty. Succeeding down-airstream pens were situated such that the empty distance (absence of any poultry) between pens that contained poultry doubled from one pen to the next such that the final pen that contained poultry had 4 empty pens between it and the next up-airstream pen that also contained poultry. At 106 d postinoculation, all poultry were bled, swabbed for MG from the choanal cleft, and then euthanized and necropsied. No commingled poultry in trial 1 (FMG), whether inoculated (turkeys) or commingled (layers and broilers), died during the course of the trial, and 5 of the 8 FMG-vaccinated turkeys exhibited serological but not cultural evidence of mycoplasmosis. In trial 2 (LCD-MG), 2 commingled broilers died and no inoculated turkeys exhibited either serological or cultural evidence of mycoplasmosis. In both trials, no poultry housed down-airstream from the inoculated poultry showed evidence of clinical signs of mycocplasmosis and none showed either serological or cultural evidence of mycoplasmosis. C1 [Purswell, J. L.; Evans, J. D.; Leigh, S. A.; Collier, S. D.; Olanrewaju, H. A.; Kim, E. J.; Branton, S. L.] USDA ARS, S Cent Poultry Res Lab, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Pharr, G. T.] Mississippi State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Peebles, E. D.] Mississippi State Univ, Poultry Sci Dept, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Branton, SL (reprint author), USDA ARS, S Cent Poultry Res Lab, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM Scott.branton@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 14 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 91 IS 12 BP 3072 EP 3079 DI 10.3382/ps.2012-02619 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 044TX UT WOS:000311647700010 PM 23155015 ER PT J AU Faber, TA Dilger, RN Hopkins, AC Price, NP Fahey, GC AF Faber, T. A. Dilger, R. N. Hopkins, A. C. Price, N. P. Fahey, G. C., Jr. TI Effects of oligosaccharides in a soybean meal-based diet on fermentative and immune responses in broiler chicks challenged with Eimeria acervulina SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE chick; coccidiosis; cytokine; galactoglucomannan oligosaccharide; soybean meal ID CHAIN FATTY-ACIDS; GGMO-AX COMPLEX; GENE-EXPRESSION; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; GROWTH-PERFORMANCE; INTERFERON-GAMMA; HEALTH-BENEFITS; FIBER; INFECTION; DISEASE AB Fermentable oligosaccharides, particularly those found in soybean meal (SBM), may modulate fermentation in the ceca, thus affecting intestinal immune responses to intestinal pathogens. We hypothesized that fermentable oligosaccharides found in SBM would positively affect cecal fermentation and intestinal immune status in chicks challenged with an acute coccidiosis (Eimeria acervulina) infection and fed either a SBM-based diet or a semi-purified soy protein isolate- (SPI) based diet. Using a completely randomized design, 1-d-old broiler chicks (n = 200; 5 replications/treatment; 5 chicks/replication) were assigned to 1 of 4 SBM- or SPI-based diets containing either dietary cellulose (4%) or a fermentable carbohydrate, galactoglucomannan oligosaccharide-arabinoxylan (GGMO-AX) complex (4%). On d 9 posthatch, an equal number of chicks on each diet were inoculated with either distilled water (sham control) or E. acervulina (1 x 10(6) oocysts) and then euthanized on d 7 postinoculation. Overall, body weight gain and feed intake were greater (P < 0.01) for SBM-fed chicks, regardless of infection status. Gain:feed ratio was greater (P <= 0.05) for SPI-fed chicks except during d 3-7 postinoculation. Infection status, but not fiber source, affected propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate, and total branched-chain fatty acid concentrations (P <= 0.02). Soybean meal-based diets resulted in greater (P <= 0.04) short-chain fatty acid and branched-chain fatty acid concentrations than SPI-based diets. Messenger RNA fold changes relative to uninfected SBM-cellulose-fed chicks of all duodenal cytokines were greater (P <= 0.01) for infected chicks, and SBM-fed chicks had greater (P < 0.01) interferon-gamma and interleukin-12 beta expression compared with SPI-fed chicks. Cecal tonsil cytokine expression was also affected (P <= 0.02) by infection; however, protein source only affected (P < 0.01) interleukin-1 beta expression in this tissue. Overall, a SBM-based diet, compared with a semi-purified SPI-based diet with a different ingredient composition, resulted in greater weight gain, feed intake, and short-chain fatty acid production regardless of infection status, and also greater duodenal cytokine expression in E. acervulina- infected chicks, which is hypothesized to be related to the nutrients and oligosaccharides found in SBM. C1 [Faber, T. A.; Dilger, R. N.; Fahey, G. C., Jr.] Univ Illinois, Dept Anim Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Hopkins, A. C.] Temple Inland, Diboll, TX 75941 USA. [Price, N. P.] USDA ARS, NCAUR, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Dilger, RN (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Anim Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM rdilger2@illinois.edu OI Dilger, Ryan/0000-0003-2538-2845 FU Temple-Inland, Diboll, TX FX Supported, in part, by Temple-Inland, Diboll, TX 75941. NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 23 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 91 IS 12 BP 3132 EP 3140 DI 10.3382/ps.2012-02364 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 044TX UT WOS:000311647700018 PM 23155023 ER PT J AU Liu, J Cheng, KM Purdy, PH Silversides, FG AF Liu, J. Cheng, K. M. Purdy, P. H. Silversides, F. G. TI A simple vitrification method for cryobanking avian testicular tissue SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Japanese quail; testicular tissue; vitrification; vascularization ID EMBRYO CHORIOALLANTOIC MEMBRANE; HUMAN OVARIAN TISSUE; USEFUL TOOL; CRYOPRESERVATION; CHICKEN; SEMEN; CELLS AB Cryopreservation of testicular tissue is a promising method of preserving male reproductive potential for avian species. This study was conducted to assess whether a vitrification method can be used to preserve avian testicular tissue, using the Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) as a model. A simple vitrification method that included dimethyl sulphoxide, ethylene glycol, and sucrose as cryoprotective agents, and allowed the storage of tissue in a sealed macrotube was applied to the testicular tissue from 1-wk-old Japanese quail. The vitrified tissue was warmed at room temperature or at 40 degrees C. After warming, tissue was implanted onto the chorioallantoic membrane of 8- to 9-d-old chicken embryos and the vascularization of the grafts was evaluated. When compared with fresh tissue, the tissue that had been warmed at 40 degrees C showed no difference in vascularization. The tissue that had been warmed at room temperature was significantly less vascularized than the fresh tissue. Vitrification of testicular tissue and storage in macrotubes provide a promising model for preservation and recovery of male germplasm of avian species. C1 [Liu, J.; Silversides, F. G.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Agassiz Res Ctr, Agassiz, BC V0M 1A0, Canada. [Liu, J.; Cheng, K. M.] Univ British Columbia, Fac Land & Food Syst, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [Purdy, P. H.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Natl Anim Germplasm Program, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Silversides, FG (reprint author), Agr & Agri Food Canada, Agassiz Res Ctr, Agassiz, BC V0M 1A0, Canada. EM Fred.Silversides@agr.gc.ca FU Poultry Industry Council; Canadian Poultry Research Council; Egg Farmers of Canada FX This research was supported by a grant from Poultry Industry Council, Canadian Poultry Research Council and Egg Farmers of Canada. We thank Cameron Carnegie, Harold Hanson, Kathy Ingram, Mairi Robertson, Mike Duncan, and Wendy Clark of the Agassiz Research Centre for taking care of the experimental birds. Toni Forge and Sheila Fitzpatrick (Agassiz Research Centre) are also acknowledged for providing equipment for microphotography. NR 24 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 9 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 91 IS 12 BP 3209 EP 3213 DI 10.3382/ps.2012-02454 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 044TX UT WOS:000311647700027 PM 23155032 ER PT J AU Lu, Z Perez-Diaz, IM Hayes, JS Breidt, F AF Lu, Z. Perez-Diaz, I. M. Hayes, J. S. Breidt, F. TI Bacteriophage Ecology in a Commercial Cucumber Fermentation SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LACTOBACILLUS-PLANTARUM BACTERIOPHAGE; LEUCONOSTOC-MESENTEROIDES; SAUERKRAUT FERMENTATIONS; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; DNA; VEGETABLES; PHI-JL-1 AB To reduce high-salt waste from cucumber fermentations, low-salt fermentations are under development. These fermentations may require the use of starter cultures to ensure normal fermentations. Because potential phage infection can cause starter culture failure, it is important to understand phage ecology in the fermentations. This study investigated the phage ecology in a commercial cucumber fermentation. Brine samples taken from a fermentation tank over a 90-day period were plated onto de-Man-Rogosa-Sharpe agar plates. A total of 576 lactic acid bacterial isolates were randomly selected to serve as potential hosts for phage isolation. Filtered brine served as a phage source. Fifty-seven independent phage isolates were obtained, indicating that 10% of the bacterial isolates were sensitive to phage attack. Phage hosts include Lactobacillus brevis (67% of all hosts), Lactobacillus plantarum (21%), Weissella paramesenteroides, Weissella cibaria, and Pediococcus ethanolidurans. Nearly 50% of phages were isolated on day 14, and the majority of them attacked L. brevis. Some phages had a broad host range and were capable of infecting multiple hosts in two genera. Other phages were species specific or strain specific. About 30% of phage isolates produced turbid pinpoint plaques or only caused reduced cell growth on the bacterial lawns. Six phages with distinct host ranges were characterized. The data from this study showed that abundant and diverse phages were present in the commercial cucumber fermentation, which could cause significant mortality to the lactic acid bacteria population. Therefore, a phage control strategy may be needed in low-salt cucumber fermentations. C1 [Lu, Z.] Kennesaw State Univ, Dept Biol & Phys, Kennesaw, GA 30144 USA. [Perez-Diaz, I. M.; Hayes, J. S.; Breidt, F.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Food Bioproc & Nutr Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Perez-Diaz, I. M.; Hayes, J. S.; Breidt, F.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Food Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Lu, Z (reprint author), Kennesaw State Univ, Dept Biol & Phys, Kennesaw, GA 30144 USA. EM jean_lu@kennesaw.edu NR 38 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 22 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 78 IS 24 BP 8571 EP 8578 DI 10.1128/AEM.01914-12 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 038ZS UT WOS:000311213200009 PM 23023756 ER PT J AU McCormick, SP Price, NPJ Kurtzman, CP AF McCormick, Susan P. Price, Neil P. J. Kurtzman, Cletus P. TI Glucosylation and Other Biotransformations of T-2 Toxin by Yeasts of the Trichomonascus Clade SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NATURALLY CONTAMINATED WHEAT; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; TRICHOTHECENE MYCOTOXINS; FUSARIUM-SPOROTRICHIOIDES; UDP-GLUCOSYLTRANSFERASE; RUMEN MICROORGANISMS; MASKED MYCOTOXINS; DEOXYNIVALENOL; METABOLISM; IDENTIFICATION AB Trichothecenes are sesquiterpenoid toxins produced by Fusarium species. Since these mycotoxins are very stable, there is interest in microbial transformations that can remove toxins from contaminated grain or cereal products. Twenty-three yeast species assigned to the Trichomonascus clade (Saccharomycotina, Ascomycota), including four Trichomonascus species and 19 anamorphic species presently classified in Blastobotrys, were tested for their ability to convert the trichothecene T-2 toxin to less-toxic products. These species gave three types of biotransformations: acetylation to 3-acetyl T-2 toxin, glycosylation to T-2 toxin 3-glucoside, and removal of the isovaleryl group to form neosolaniol. Some species gave more than one type of biotransformation. Three Blastobotrys species converted T-2 toxin into T-2 toxin 3-glucoside, a compound that has been identified as a masked mycotoxin in Fusarium-infected grain. This is the first report of a microbial whole-cell method for producing trichothecene glycosides, and the potential large-scale availability of T-2 toxin 3-glucoside will facilitate toxicity testing and development of methods for detection of this compound in agricultural and other products. C1 [McCormick, Susan P.; Kurtzman, Cletus P.] USDA, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Agr Res Serv, Peoria, IL USA. [Price, Neil P. J.] USDA, Renewable Prod Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Agr Res Serv, Peoria, IL USA. RP McCormick, SP (reprint author), USDA, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Agr Res Serv, Peoria, IL USA. EM susan.mccormick@ars.usda.gov NR 48 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 38 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 78 IS 24 BP 8694 EP 8702 DI 10.1128/AEM.02391-12 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 038ZS UT WOS:000311213200023 PM 23042183 ER PT J AU Thongtang, N Lin, JX Schaefer, EJ Lowe, RS Tomassini, JE Shah, AK Tershakovec, AM AF Thongtang, Nuntakorn Lin, Jianxin Schaefer, Ernst J. Lowe, Robert S. Tomassini, Joanne E. Shah, Arvind K. Tershakovec, Andrew M. TI Effects of ezetimibe added to statin therapy on markers of cholesterol absorption and synthesis and LDL-C lowering in hyperlipidemic patients SO ATHEROSCLEROSIS LA English DT Article DE Non-cholesterol sterol; Lathosterol; beta-sitosterol; Statin potency; Dyslipidemia ID DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; HMG-COA REDUCTASE; PRIMARY HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; NONCHOLESTEROL STEROLS; APOLIPOPROTEIN B-100; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; CLINICAL-TRIALS; ADD-ON; SIMVASTATIN AB Objective: Statins inhibit cholesterol synthesis but can upregulate cholesterol absorption, with higher doses producing larger effects. Ezetimibe inhibits cholesterol absorption but also upregulates synthesis. We tested whether ezetimibe added to on-going statin therapy would be most effective in lowering LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) in subjects on high-potency statins and whether these effects would be related to alterations in cholesterol absorption (beta-sitosterol) and synthesis (lathosterol) markers. Methods: Hypercholesterolemic subjects (n = 874) on statins received ezetimibe 10 mg/day. Plasma lipids, lathosterol, and b-sitosterol were measured at baseline and on treatment. Subjects were divided into low- (n = 133), medium-(n = 582), and high- (n = 159) statin potency groups defined by predicted LDL-C-lowering effects of each ongoing statin type and dose (reductions of similar to 20-30%, similar to 31-45%, or similar to 46-55%, respectively). Results: The high-potency group had significantly lower baseline lathosterol (1.93 vs. 2.58 vs. 3.17 mu mol/l; p < 0.001) and higher baseline beta-sitosterol values (6.21 vs. 4.58 vs. 4.51 mu mol/l, p < 0.001) than medium-/low-potency groups. Ezetimibe treatment in the high-potency group produced significantly greater reductions from baseline in LDL-C than medium-/low-potency groups (-29.1% vs. -25.0% vs. -22.7%; p < 0.001) when evaluating unadjusted data. These effects and group differences were significantly (p < 0.05) related to greater beta-sitosterol reductions and smaller lathosterol increases. However, LDL-C reduction differences between groups were no longer significant after controlling for placebo effects, due mainly to modest LDL-C lowering by placebo in the high-potency group. Conclusion: Patients on high-potency statins have the lowest levels of cholesterol synthesis markers and the highest levels of cholesterol absorption markers at baseline, and the greatest reduction in absorption markers and the smallest increases in synthesis markers with ezetimibe addition. Therefore, such patients may be good candidates for ezetimibe therapy if additional LDL-C lowering is needed. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Thongtang, Nuntakorn; Schaefer, Ernst J.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Lipid Metab Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Thongtang, Nuntakorn] Mahidol Univ, Siriraj Hosp, Fac Med, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. [Lin, Jianxin; Lowe, Robert S.; Tomassini, Joanne E.; Shah, Arvind K.; Tershakovec, Andrew M.] Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp, Whitehouse Stn, NJ 08889 USA. RP Tershakovec, AM (reprint author), Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp, 351 N Sumneytown Pike, N Wales, PA 19454 USA. EM nuntakorn.thongtang@tufts.edu; jianxin.lin@merck.com; ernst.schaefer@tufts.edu; robert.lowe@merck.com; joanne.tomassini@merck.com; arvind.shah@merck.com; andrew.tershakovec@merck.com FU Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., Whitehouse Station, NJ, USA; Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; National Institutes of Health [R01 HL-60935, HL 74753, PO50HL083813]; U.S. Department of Agriculture Research Service [53-3K-06]; Merck Sharp Dohme Corp. FX This study was supported by Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., Whitehouse Station, NJ, USA. N.T. received a post-doctoral fellowship from the Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. E.J.S. was supported by grants R01 HL-60935, HL 74753, and PO50HL083813 from the National Institutes of Health and contract 53-3K-06 from the U.S. Department of Agriculture Research Service.; The study was designed by scientists at Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., including R. S. L., J.E.T, and A. M. T. as an ancillary substudy to the EASE (Ezetimibe Add-on to Statin for Effectiveness) study. The overall study, the gas chromatography analysis, and other aspects of the study were supported by Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. The data analysis plan was formulated by E.J.S., N.T., J.L., A. K. S, R. S. L., J.E.T., and A. M. T., and the statistical analysis was performed by J.L. and A. K. S. The manuscript was written by N.T. with input and assistance from all authors, as well as editorial support by Martha Carroll Vollmer, MA of Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of any organization including the National Institutes of Health, the U. S. Department of Agriculture, or Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. NR 29 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0021-9150 J9 ATHEROSCLEROSIS JI Atherosclerosis PD DEC PY 2012 VL 225 IS 2 BP 388 EP 396 DI 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2012.09.001 PG 9 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 040SV UT WOS:000311344700043 PM 23040830 ER PT J AU Pfannenstiel, RS Patt, JM AF Pfannenstiel, R. S. Patt, J. M. TI Feeding on nectar and honeydew sugars improves survivorship of two nocturnal cursorial spiders SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Extrafloral nectar; Foraging; Non-prey resources; Spider ID INCLUSUM ARANEAE MITURGIDAE; WANDERING SPIDERS; SURVIVAL; PLANT; SALTICIDAE; EGGS AB Sugars from extrafloral nectar and honeydew may be important resources for nocturnal cursorial spiders such as Cheiracanthium inclusum (Hentz) and Hibana futilis (Banks). C. inclusum spiderlings given only water survived an average of 6.1 d. When provided with cotton extrafloral nectar and mealybug honeydew, their survivorship was extended to an average of 52.6 and 37.9 d, respectively (870% and 626% increases). Choice tests demonstrated conclusively that spiders fed on nectar, honeydew and sugar solutions to obtain nutrients, and not simply to obtain moisture. Component sugars of extrafloral nectar (sucrose, glucose and fructose) and honeydews (maltose, melezitose and raffinose) were equally acceptable for feeding by H. futilis, but not for C. inclusum. Maltose was fed on by C. inclusum for significantly shorter periods than the other plant and honeydew sugars. Consumption of each of the individual sugars by H. futilis improved spiderling survival significantly over water, but less for raffinose than for the other sugars. The percent improvement in mean H. futilis survival over water alone varied from 394% for raffinose (mean = 16.6 d) to 1414% for maltose (mean = 56.9 d). The remaining four sugars extended survival greater than 1079%. That spiderlings survived for weeks on diets comprised only of individual sugars indicates that the availability of nectar and honeydew can be of considerable importance to the survivorship of cursorial spiders in the field. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Pfannenstiel, R. S.; Patt, J. M.] USDA ARS, Beneficial Insects Res Unit, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. RP Pfannenstiel, RS (reprint author), USDA ARS, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM Bob.Pfannenstiel@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 42 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD DEC PY 2012 VL 63 IS 3 BP 231 EP 236 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2012.07.013 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 041VM UT WOS:000311429300001 ER PT J AU Patt, JM Pfannenstiel, RS Meikle, WG Adamczyk, JJ AF Patt, Joseph M. Pfannenstiel, Robert S. Meikle, William G. Adamczyk, John J. TI Supplemental diets containing yeast, sucrose, and soy powder enhance the survivorship, growth, and development of prey-limited cursorial spiders SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Artificial diet; Mass rearing; Nutritional ecology; Nectarivory; Omnivory; Conservation biological control; Hibana futilis; Anyphaenidae; Sac spider ID INCLUSUM ARANEAE MITURGIDAE; HELICOVERPA-ZEA LEPIDOPTERA; GENERALIST PREDATOR; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; WANDERING SPIDERS; NATURAL MORTALITY; ARTIFICIAL DIETS; COST-ANALYSIS; LIFE-HISTORY; NECTAR AB We examined the effects of a supplemental diet mixture (SDM) and its individual ingredients (sucrose, yeasts, and toasted soy flour) on the survivorship, growth, and development of a cursorial spider, Hibana futilis Banks (Anyphaenidae). Some treatments included limited numbers of Helicoverpa zea eggs, a favored prey. This approach highlighted the relative nutritional contributions of the supplemental diet ingredients, especially under conditions of prey limitation, and showed whether these spiders could be reared on minimal prey augmented with supplemental diet. Spiders fed either 5 or 15 eggs became prey-limited during their first and second molts, respectively. When deprived of prey but provisioned with either sucrose or SDM, spiders persisted as first instar nymphs for weeks, but while sucrose-fed nymphs never molted, those fed SDM typically molted 2-3 times. When SDM was added to the diet, spiders that had fed on as few as 50 eggs could reproduce successfully. Binary mixtures of sucrose plus either baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae Meyen ex E. C. Hansen) or toasted soy flour were more effective in promoting growth and development in prey-limited spiders than any of the three ingredients of SDM alone. Active baker's yeast was more effective than dried powdered brewer's yeast at supporting development. These results suggest two possibilities for managing cursorial spiders: (1) Supplemental diet mixtures could be applied as a food spray to promote their conservation in crops; and, (2) A mass rearing diet could be made from a minimal amount of prey plus two or three inexpensive, supplemental diet ingredients. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Patt, Joseph M.; Pfannenstiel, Robert S.; Meikle, William G.; Adamczyk, John J.] USDA ARS, Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. RP Patt, JM (reprint author), UDSA ARS KSARC, 2413 E Highway 83, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. EM joseph.patt@ars.usda.gov FU US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service FX We thank F. de la Fuenta, O. Zamora, G. Vasquez, A. Gomezplata, A. Fike, D. Stockton, and A. Ramirez for technical support. We are grateful to Ron Whitehurst at Rincon-Vitova Insectaries for providing SDM and diet ingredient samples and for technical information. The manuscript was greatly improved by reviews from N. Malik, J. Lundgren and two anonymous reviewers. The study was supported by the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA for its use. NR 54 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 30 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD DEC PY 2012 VL 63 IS 3 BP 237 EP 245 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2011.02.004 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 041VM UT WOS:000311429300002 ER PT J AU Xiao, YF Avery, P Chen, JJ McKenzie, C Osborne, L AF Xiao, Yingfang Avery, Pasco Chen, Jianjun McKenzie, Cindy Osborne, Lance TI Ornamental pepper as banker plants for establishment of Amblyseius swirskii (Acari: Phytoseiidae) for biological control of multiple pests in greenhouse vegetable production SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Banker plant system; Biological control; Vegetable crops; Ornamental pepper plants; Amblyseius swirskii; Bemisia tabaci; Scirtothrips dorsalis ID WESTERN FLOWER THRIPS; PREDATORY MITE; BEMISIA-TABACI; CONTROL AGENTS; WHITEFLIES; FOOD; ALEYRODIDAE; TRANSPLANTS; RESISTANCE; TRICHOMES AB Silverleaf whitefly, Bemisia tabaci biotype B (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), and chilli thrips, Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), are key pests of vegetable crops in the US. The present study established ornamental peppers as banker plants supporting Amblyseius swirskii (Acari: Phytoseiidae) against the three pests. Specifically, this study (a) evaluated survival and population buildup of A. swirskii on three ornamental pepper varieties, Masquerade (MA), Red Missile (RM), and Explosive Ember (EE) in both laboratory and greenhouses and (b) determined the predation of A. swirskii reared on ornamental pepper plants to the targeted pests under greenhouse conditions. The results showed that the three pepper varieties were excellent banker plants and able to support at least similar to 1000 of all stages of A. swirskii per plant in greenhouse conditions and allow them to complete their life cycle. A. swirskii dispersed or released from the banker plants to target plants, resulting in significant suppression of the three pests, i.e., after 14 d post-release, a significantly lower average of 2.75 B. tabaci and 13.4 all stages of thrips (chilli thrips and western flower thrips) were found per bean plant, respectively, compared to 379.5 B. tabaci and 235.4 all stages of thrips per plant in the control. Furthermore, our experiment observed that the sweet pepper seedlings closed to banker plants were healthy, whereas those without banker plants were heavily infested by chilli thrips; their growth seriously stunted or died. This is the first report of ornamental pepper as banker plants supporting A. swirskii against three notorious pests. This established banker plant system could be a new addition to the integrated pest management programs for sustainable control of these three pests in greenhouse vegetables. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Xiao, Yingfang; Chen, Jianjun; Osborne, Lance] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Midflorida Res & Educ Ctr, Apopka, FL 32703 USA. [Avery, Pasco] Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Indian River Res & Educ Ctr, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [McKenzie, Cindy] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Chen, Jianjun] Univ Florida, Dept Environm Hort, Midflorida Res & Educ Ctr, Apopka, FL 32703 USA. RP Xiao, YF (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Midflorida Res & Educ Ctr, Apopka, FL 32703 USA. EM yfxiao@ufl.edu FU EPA; USDA/T-STAR; USDA-ARS Floriculture and Nursery Research Initiative; IFAS/UF FX The authors would like to thank Irma Herrera, Fabieli Irizarry, and Younes Belmourd for their technical assistance. Funding for this study was supported by grants from the EPA, USDA/T-STAR, the USDA-ARS Floriculture and Nursery Research Initiative, and IFAS/UF Line Item grants program. NR 36 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 77 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 EI 1090-2112 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD DEC PY 2012 VL 63 IS 3 BP 279 EP 286 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2012.09.007 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 041VM UT WOS:000311429300007 ER PT J AU Sivakoff, FS Rosenheim, JA Hagler, JR AF Sivakoff, Frances S. Rosenheim, Jay A. Hagler, James R. TI Relative dispersal ability of a key agricultural pest and its predators in an annual agroecosystem SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Biological control; Colonization; Lygus spp.; Mark-capture; Mean distance flown; Protein marking ID LYGUS-HESPERUS; METAPOPULATION DYNAMICS; FRAGMENTED LANDSCAPE; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; COLONIZATION RATES; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; MOVEMENT PATTERNS; DIFFUSION-MODEL; NATURAL ENEMIES; PREY AB In predator-prey interactions, a widely held view is that prey species have higher dispersal rates relative to their predators and are thereby able to escape from predation by colonizing habitats before their predators. Despite major implications for predator-prey interactions, community assembly, and biological control, this view has rarely been tested, and measuring relative dispersal abilities is often complicated by colonizing predators and prey originating from different locations. In California's San Joaquin Valley, the periodic harvest of alfalfa presents an opportunity to measure dispersal of a key generalist pest, Lygus spp., relative to a suite of its generalist predators. We performed a large-scale mark-capture study by marking a mature alfalfa field containing Lygus and its predators with an aerial application of a protein marker. The alfalfa was then harvested by the grower, prompting a dispersal event. At several times following harvest, surrounding cotton fields were sampled at known distances from the marked field to quantify movement by Lygus and its predators. Contrary to the general view, our data do not suggest that Lygus routinely out-disperses its suite of predators. Instead, the mean dispersal distance for Lygus fell near the average dispersal distances of its predators. Implications for biological control are discussed in light of these results, and the importance of predators' trophic strategy is stressed. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Sivakoff, Frances S.; Rosenheim, Jay A.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Hagler, James R.] USDA ARS, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. RP Sivakoff, FS (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Biol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM Frances_Sivakoff@ncsu.edu; JARosenheim@ucdavis.edu; James.Hagler@ars.usda.gov FU STAR by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [FP91-6838]; USDA (RAMP) [ARZT-358320-G-30-505]; van den Bosch Memorial Scholarship FX We thank the Hagler and Rosenheim lab and field crews for their assistance, and Bowles Farming Company, Buttonwillow Land and Cattle, and J.G. Boswell Company for allowing us to sample on their ranches. N. Haddad, M. Holyoak, N. Williams, and two anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. This publication was developed under a STAR Fellowship Assistance Agreement No. FP91-6838 by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to F. S. S. It has not been formally reviewed by EPA. The views expressed in this publication are solely those of the authors and EPA does not endorse any products or commercial services mentioned in this publication. Support was also provided by a grant from the USDA (RAMP Grant ARZT-358320-G-30-505) and a van den Bosch Memorial Scholarship to F.S.S. NR 50 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 91 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD DEC PY 2012 VL 63 IS 3 BP 296 EP 303 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2012.09.008 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 041VM UT WOS:000311429300009 ER PT J AU Wang, Y Zhu, L Gu, X Wheeler, GS Purcell, M Ding, JQ AF Wang, Yi Zhu, Lin Gu, Xue Wheeler, Gregory S. Purcell, Matthew Ding, Jianqing TI Pre-release assessment of Gadirtha inexacta, a proposed biological control agent of Chinese tallow (Triadica sebifera) in the United States SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Impact; Repeated defoliation; Light; Shade; Insect density; Host-specificity ID PLANT SAPIUM-SEBIFERUM; INVASIVE PLANT; HERBIVORY TOLERANCE; LIGHT ENVIRONMENTS; HOST-SPECIFICITY; NATIVE-RANGE; TREE; GROWTH; IMPACT; PERSPECTIVE AB Native to China, Chinese tallow, Triadica sebifera (Euphorbiaceae) is an aggressive woody invader in the southeastern United States. The noctuid, Gadirtha inexacta (=Iscadia inexacta), is a multivoltine herbivore attacking this plant in China. To evaluate its potential as a biological control agent in the United States, we conducted experiments on the host-specificity and impact on the target weed in China. The host range was tested on 78 plant species in 21 families through no-choice larval development tests and field surveys. The results showed that G. inexacta could only complete development on T. sebifera, T. rotundifolia and T. chihsinianum, suggesting a narrow host range. Attack by G. inexacta larvae significantly reduced the growth of seedlings of T. sebifera and the impact was greater when the plant was repeatedly defoliated and in shaded conditions. The plants were entirely defoliated after being repeatedly damaged in the treatments of the highest larval density (six larvae per seedling) in shade, causing 80% seedling mortality and the total biomass was reduced to 60% of the control. The results of this study suggested that G. inexacta may be a suitable biological control agent of T. sebifera though further tests on native North American species are needed. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, Yi; Zhu, Lin; Gu, Xue; Ding, Jianqing] Chinese Acad Sci, Wuhan Bot Inst, Wuhan Bot Garden, Key Lab Aquat Bot & Watershed Ecol, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Wang, Yi; Gu, Xue] Chinese Acad Sci, Grad Univ, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Zhu, Lin] Shandong Agr Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Inst Environm Biol & Insect Resources, Tai An 271018, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Wheeler, Gregory S.] USDA, ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. [Purcell, Matthew] CSIRO Ecosyst Sci, Australian Biol Control Lab, Agr Res Serv, US Dept Agr, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia. RP Ding, JQ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Wuhan Bot Inst, Wuhan Bot Garden, Key Lab Aquat Bot & Watershed Ecol, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China. EM dingjianqing@yahoo.com RI Purcell, Matthew/C-2098-2008 FU China National Basic Study Program [2012CB114104]; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Florida Department of Environmental Protection; Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission FX We thank Shunliang Feng and Xuefang Yang for their assistance in lab and field work. H.J. Esser, Botanische Staatssammlug, Munchen, Germany provided invaluable advice on the phylogeny of the Euphorbiaceae for which we are exceedingly grateful. This study was supported by the China National Basic Study Program (2012CB114104) and the 100 Talent Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (to J. Ding), the Florida Department of Environmental Protection and the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (both to G. Wheeler). NR 38 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 30 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD DEC PY 2012 VL 63 IS 3 BP 304 EP 309 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2012.08.008 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 041VM UT WOS:000311429300010 ER PT J AU Abell, KJ Duan, JJ Bauer, L Lelito, JP Van Driesche, RG AF Abell, Kristopher J. Duan, Jian J. Bauer, Leah Lelito, Jonathan P. Van Driesche, Roy G. TI The effect of bark thickness on host partitioning between Tetrastichus planipennisi (Hymen: Eulophidae) and Atanycolus spp. (Hymen: Braconidae), two parasitoids of emerald ash borer (Coleop: Buprestidae) SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Emerald ash borer; Tetrastichus planipennisi; Atanycolus; Bark thickness; Biological control ID SOUTHERN PINE-BEETLE; RUSSIAN FAR-EAST; AGRILUS-PLANIPENNIS; HYMENOPTERA-BRACONIDAE; SEASONAL ABUNDANCE; NATURAL ENEMIES; SPATHIUS-AGRILI; BIOTIC FACTORS; CHINA; SCOLYTIDAE AB Parasitoids have recently been introduced from Asia to aid in biological control in the United States of the invasive, highly damaging, emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis. Three introduced parasitoids have established and field biological studies are underway to improve our understanding of niche partitioning among them. Here we report one such investigation, a field experiment conducted to determine how outer bark thickness of ash trees might affect parasitism by one introduced (Tetrastichus planipennisi) and one native parasitoid (Atanycolus spp.). We found that T. planipennisi was unable to parasitize EAB larvae in trees with outer bark thicker than 3.2 mm(>11.2-cm DBH) whereas Atanycolus spp. parasitized EAB larvae in ash trees with outer bark up to 8.8 mm thick (>57.4-cm DBH). These results suggest that establishment of, and control by T. planipennisi at release sites with only large diameter trees is less likely, and that T. planipennisi will be more effective in stands with younger trees (<12-cm DBH). Releasing T. planipennisi near the leading edge of EAB invasion may have little impact on EAB populations if many ash trees are too large. We recommend releasing T. planipennisi in stands dominated by small, early successional or regenerating ash trees. This may maximize the establishment and effectiveness of this species. This limitation of T. planipennisi for biological control of emerald ash borer suggests that other EAB parasitoids from its native range with longer ovipositors, such as Spathius galinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), should be sought and evaluated for possible use as EAB biocontrol agents in the US. The results of this study also suggest the importance of parasitoid guild introduction for biological control in general, and hint at possible broader implications relating to resource partitioning among native and introduced parasitoids. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Abell, Kristopher J.; Van Driesche, Roy G.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Plant Soil & Insect Sci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Abell, Kristopher J.; Bauer, Leah] Michigan State Univ, Dept Entomol, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Duan, Jian J.] ARS, USDA, Beneficial Insects Intro Res Unit, Newark, DE 19713 USA. [Bauer, Leah] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Lelito, Jonathan P.] USDA, APHIS PPQ Emerald Ash Borer Program, Brighton, MI 48116 USA. RP Abell, KJ (reprint author), USDA FS NRS, 220 Nisbet Bldg,1407 S Harrison Rd, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. EM kabell@psis.umass.edu FU USDA Forest Service State and Private Forestry and Northern Research Station FX We thank the assistance of Deborah Miller, Cullen Dembowski and Tina Ciaramitaro in all phases of the experiment, and Doug Luster and Noah Koller (USDA ARS) for comments on the earlier version of the manuscript. We thank the USDA Forest Service State and Private Forestry and Northern Research Station for financial support for this research. NR 38 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 7 U2 60 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD DEC PY 2012 VL 63 IS 3 BP 320 EP 325 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2012.08.009 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 041VM UT WOS:000311429300012 ER PT J AU Havill, NP Davis, G Mausel, DL Klein, J McDonald, R Jones, C Fischer, M Salom, S Caccone, A AF Havill, Nathan P. Davis, Gina Mausel, David L. Klein, Joanne McDonald, Richard Jones, Cera Fischer, Melissa Salom, Scott Caccone, Adalgisa TI Hybridization between a native and introduced predator of Adelgidae: An unintended result of classical biological control SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Hemlock woolly adelgid; Adelges tsugae; Laricobius nigrinus; Laricobius rubidus; Landscape genetics; Non-target effects ID LARICOBIUS COLEOPTERA DERODONTIDAE; NIGRINUS FENDER COLEOPTERA; TSUGAE ANNAND HOMOPTERA; EASTERN NORTH-AMERICA; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; MICROCTONUS-AETHIOPOIDES; TORYMUS-SINENSIS; UNITED-STATES; SPECIATION; HYBRIDS AB Hybridization between introduced biological control agents and native species has the potential to impact native biodiversity and pest control efforts. This study reports progress towards predicting the outcome of hybridization between two beetle species, the introduced Laricobius nigrinus Fender and the native L. rubidus LeConte. L. nigrinus is a predator from western North America introduced to hemlock stands in the eastern United States as a biological control of the hemlock woolly adelgid [Adelges tsugae Annand (Hemiptera: Adelgidae)]. Laricobius rubidus is a closely related eastern species that also feeds on A. tsugae but prefers pine adelgids (Pineus strobi Hartig) on white pine (Pinus strobus L.). Six microsatellite markers plus mitochondrial COI haplotypes were used to examine genetic structure of these two Laricobius species across North America. In their native ranges, major geographic features have impacted gene flow: the intermountain region in the West, and the Appalachian Mountains in the East. Analysis of 1229 individuals from adelgid-infested hemlock trees in release sites in the eastern United States found widespread hybridization with asymmetrical introgression towards L. nigrinus on hemlock. The ultimate outcome of hybridization could therefore be a complex mosaic of genetic introgression across the landscape, depending on the distribution of hemlock and pine. This study confirms the importance of evaluating the potential for introduced biological control agents to hybridize with their native relatives. This system also provides an excellent opportunity to improve our understanding of emerging hybrid zones by tracking its progress over time. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Havill, Nathan P.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Hamden, CT 06514 USA. [Davis, Gina; Fischer, Melissa; Salom, Scott] Virginia Tech, Dept Entomol, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Mausel, David L.] Menominee Tribal Enterprises, Dept Forestry, Neopit, WI 54150 USA. [Klein, Joanne; Caccone, Adalgisa] Yale Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [McDonald, Richard] Symbiont Biol Pest Management, Sugar Grove, NC 28679 USA. [Jones, Cera] N Georgia Coll & State Univ, Dahlonega, GA 30597 USA. RP Havill, NP (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, 51 Mill Pond Rd, Hamden, CT 06514 USA. EM nphavill@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service [06-JV-11242300-058, 09-CA-156]; Yale Institute for Biospheric Studies FX We thank DeAdra Newman and Rachel Rines for laboratory assistance. Ryan Garrick, Andrea Gloria Soria, and Talbot Trotter reviewed an early draft. Theresa (Tree) Dellinger initiated the evaluation of samples from Kentland Farm. Chaz Hyseni helped with DAPC analysis. A special thank you to all of the collectors that provided Laricobius specimens. This study was funded by USDA Forest Service Cooperative Agreements 06-JV-11242300-058 and 09-CA-156, and the Yale Institute for Biospheric Studies. NR 68 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 66 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 EI 1090-2112 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD DEC PY 2012 VL 63 IS 3 BP 359 EP 369 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2012.08.001 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 041VM UT WOS:000311429300017 ER PT J AU Orjuela, MA Cabrera-Munoz, L Paul, L Ramirez-Ortiz, MA Liu, XH Chen, J Mejia-Rodriguez, F Medina-Sanson, A Diaz-Carreno, S Suen, IH Selhub, J Ponce-Castaneda, MV AF Orjuela, Manuela A. Cabrera-Munoz, Lourdes Paul, Ligi Ramirez-Ortiz, Marco A. Liu, Xinhua Chen, Jia Mejia-Rodriguez, Fabiola Medina-Sanson, Aurora Diaz-Carreno, Silvia Suen, Ida H. Selhub, Jacob Veronica Ponce-Castaneda, M. TI Risk of retinoblastoma is associated with a maternal polymorphism in dihydrofolatereductase (DHFR) and prenatal folic acid intake SO CANCER LA English DT Article DE dihydrofolatereductase; DHFR; folic acid intake; retinoblastoma risk; childhood cancer ID PAIR DELETION POLYMORPHISM; RANDOMIZED CLINICAL-TRIAL; METHYLENETETRAHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE; SPORADIC RETINOBLASTOMA; BREAST-CANCER; FOLATE INTAKE; SPINA-BIFIDA; PREGNANCY; PLASMA; SUPPLEMENTATION AB BACKGROUND: The incidence of unilateral retinoblastoma varies globally, suggesting possible environmental contributors to disease incidence. Maternal intake of naturally occurring folate from vegetables during pregnancy is associated inversely with the risk of retinoblastoma in offspring. METHODS: The authors used a case-control study design to examine the association between retinoblastoma risk and maternal variations in the folate-metabolizing genes methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) (a cytosine-to-thymine substitution at nucleotide 677 [MTHFR677C?T]; reference single nucleotide polymorphism rs1801133) and dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) (a 19-base-pair deletion of intron 1a [DHFR19bpdel]; rs70991108). In central Mexico, 103 mothers of children with newly diagnosed unilateral retinoblastoma were enrolled in an institutional review board-approved study along with a control group of 97 mothers who had healthy children. Mothers were interviewed regarding perinatal characteristics, including use of prenatal vitamin supplements, and gave peripheral blood samples, which were used for polymerase chain reaction-based genotyping of rs1801133 and rs70991108. RESULTS: The risk of having a child with unilateral retinoblastoma was associated with maternal homozygosity for DHFR19bpdel (odds ratio, 3.78; 95% confidence interval, 1.89-7.55; P = .0002), even after controlling for the child's DHFR19bpdel genotype (odds ratio, 2.81; 95% confidence interval, 1.32-5.99; P = .0073). In a subgroup of 167 mothers with data on prenatal intake of supplements containing folic acid (a synthetic form of folate), DHFR19bpdel-associated risk was elevated significantly only among those who reported taking folic acid supplements. Maternal MTHFR genotype was unrelated to the risk of having a child with retinoblastoma. CONCLUSIONS: Maternal homozygosity for a polymorphism in the DHFR gene necessary for converting synthetic folic acid into biologic folate was associated with an increased risk for retinoblastoma. Prenatal ingestion of synthetic folic acid supplements may be associated with increased risk for early childhood carcinogenesis in a genetically susceptible subset of the population. Cancer 2012. (c) 2012 American Cancer Society. C1 [Orjuela, Manuela A.; Diaz-Carreno, Silvia; Suen, Ida H.] Columbia Univ, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY USA. [Orjuela, Manuela A.] Columbia Univ, Div Pediat Oncol, New York, NY USA. [Cabrera-Munoz, Lourdes] HIM, Dept Pathol, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Ramirez-Ortiz, Marco A.] HIM, Dept Ophthalmol, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Medina-Sanson, Aurora] HIM, Dept Oncol, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Paul, Ligi; Selhub, Jacob] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Liu, Xinhua] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, New York, NY USA. [Chen, Jia] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Community Med, New York, NY USA. [Mejia-Rodriguez, Fabiola] Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico. [Veronica Ponce-Castaneda, M.] Pediat Hosp, Mexican Inst Social Secur, Unit Med Invest Infect Dis, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. RP Orjuela, MA (reprint author), 722 W 168th St,Room 1111, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM mao5@columbia.edu FU National Institutes of Health [R01 CA098180, P30 ES009089] FX This work was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (R01 CA098180 and P30 ES009089). NR 38 TC 11 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 25 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER-AM CANCER SOC JI Cancer PD DEC 1 PY 2012 VL 118 IS 23 BP 5912 EP 5919 DI 10.1002/cncr.27621 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 040EZ UT WOS:000311306000024 PM 22648968 ER PT J AU Brenkert-Smith, H Champ, PA Flores, N AF Brenkert-Smith, Hannah Champ, Patricia A. Flores, Nicholas TI Trying Not to Get Burned: Understanding Homeowners' Wildfire Risk-Mitigation Behaviors SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Risk-reduction behaviors; Wildfire risk; Homeowner behavior; Wildland-urban interface; Survey ID WILDLAND-URBAN INTERFACE; DEFENSIBLE SPACE; HAZARD; MANAGEMENT; ADOPTION; PERCEPTIONS; STRATEGIES; MINNESOTA; PROGRAMS; FLORIDA AB Three causes have been identified for the spiraling cost of wildfire suppression in the United States: climate change, fuel accumulation from past wildfire suppression, and development in fire-prone areas. Because little is likely to be performed to halt the effects of climate on wildfire risk, and because fuel-management budgets cannot keep pace with fuel accumulation let alone reverse it, changing the behaviors of existing and potential homeowners in fire-prone areas is the most promising approach to decreasing the cost of suppressing wildfires in the wildland-urban interface and increasing the odds of homes surviving wildfire events. Wildfire education efforts encourage homeowners to manage their property to decrease wildfire risk. Such programs may be more effective with a better understanding of the factors related to homeowners' decisions to undertake wildfire risk-reduction actions. In this study, we measured whether homeowners had implemented 12 wildfire risk-mitigation measures in 2 Colorado Front Range counties. We found that wildfire information received from local volunteer fire departments and county wildfire specialists, as well as talking with neighbors about wildfire, were positively associated with higher levels of mitigation. Firsthand experience in the form of preparing for or undertaking an evacuation was also associated with a higher level of mitigation. Finally, homeowners who perceived higher levels of wildfire risk on their property had undertaken higher levels of wildfire-risk mitigation on their property. C1 [Brenkert-Smith, Hannah] Univ Colorado, Inst Behav Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Champ, Patricia A.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Flores, Nicholas] Univ Colorado, Dept Econ, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Brenkert-Smith, H (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Inst Behav Sci, UCB 483, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM hannahb@colorado.edu FU Institute of Behavioral Science at the University of Colorado, Boulder; United States Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station [10-CR-11221636-246]; Boulder county; Larimer county FX We thank Tony Simons and Eric Philips for providing local expertise on the study counties. Boulder and Larimer counties funded the data collection. This study was also funded by the Institute of Behavioral Science at the University of Colorado, Boulder and the United States Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station (Grant No. 10-CR-11221636-246). NR 49 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 4 U2 41 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-152X J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 50 IS 6 BP 1139 EP 1151 DI 10.1007/s00267-012-9949-8 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 040BA UT WOS:000311292800014 PM 23001246 ER PT J AU Towler, E Saab, VA Sojda, RS Dickinson, K Bruyere, CL Newlon, KR AF Towler, Erin Saab, Victoria A. Sojda, Richard S. Dickinson, Katherine Bruyere, Cindy L. Newlon, Karen R. TI A Risk-Based Approach to Evaluating Wildlife Demographics for Management in a Changing Climate: A Case Study of the Lewis's Woodpecker SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Species vulnerability; Adaptation; Avian conservation; Forest management; Risk ID CAVITY-NESTING BIRDS; BIODIVERSITY; ADAPTATION; FRAMEWORK; VULNERABILITY; CONSERVATION; SCENARIOS; SURVIVAL; HABITAT AB Given the projected threat that climate change poses to biodiversity, the need for proactive response efforts is clear. However, integrating uncertain climate change information into conservation planning is challenging, and more explicit guidance is needed. To this end, this article provides a specific example of how a risk-based approach can be used to incorporate a species' response to climate into conservation decisions. This is shown by taking advantage of species' response (i.e., impact) models that have been developed for a well-studied bird species of conservation concern. Specifically, we examine the current and potential impact of climate on nest survival of the Lewis's Woodpecker (Melanerpes lewis) in two different habitats. To address climate uncertainty, climate scenarios are developed by manipulating historical weather observations to create ensembles (i.e., multiple sequences of daily weather) that reflect historical variability and potential climate change. These ensembles allow for a probabilistic evaluation of the risk posed to Lewis's Woodpecker nest survival and are used in two demographic analyses. First, the relative value of each habitat is compared in terms of nest survival, and second, the likelihood of exceeding a critical population threshold is examined. By embedding the analyses in a risk framework, we show how management choices can be made to be commensurate with a defined level of acceptable risk. The results can be used to inform habitat prioritization and are discussed in the context of an economic framework for evaluating trade-offs between management alternatives. C1 [Towler, Erin; Dickinson, Katherine; Bruyere, Cindy L.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Saab, Victoria A.] USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Sojda, Richard S.] US Geol Survey, No Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. [Newlon, Karen R.] Montana Nat Heritage Program, Helena, MT 59620 USA. RP Towler, E (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. EM towler@ucar.edu FU Postdocs Applying Climate Expertise fellowship program; NOAA Climate Program Office; U.S. Geological Survey; National Science Foundation FX This research was supported by the Postdocs Applying Climate Expertise fellowship program funded by the NOAA Climate Program Office and the U.S. Geological Survey and administered by the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research Visiting Scientist Programs. The authors acknowledge the United States Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station and the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR). NCAR is sponsored by the National Science Foundation. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the United States government. NR 49 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 8 U2 53 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-152X J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 50 IS 6 BP 1152 EP 1163 DI 10.1007/s00267-012-9953-z PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 040BA UT WOS:000311292800015 PM 23070061 ER PT J AU Guard, J Sanchez-Ingunza, R Morales, C Stewart, T Liljebjelke, K Van Kessel, J Ingram, K Jones, D Jackson, C Fedorka-Cray, P Frye, J Gast, R Hinton, A AF Guard, Jean Sanchez-Ingunza, Roxana Morales, Cesar Stewart, Tod Liljebjelke, Karen Van Kessel, JoAnn Ingram, Kim Jones, Deana Jackson, Charlene Fedorka-Cray, Paula Frye, Jonathan Gast, Richard Hinton, Arthur, Jr. TI Comparison of dkgB-linked intergenic sequence ribotyping to DNA microarray hybridization for assigning serotype to Salmonella enterica SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE epidemiology; food safety; single nucleotide polymorphism ID IDENTIFICATION AB Two DNA-based methods were compared for the ability to assign serotype to 139 isolates of Salmonella enterica ssp. I. Intergenic sequence ribotyping (ISR) evaluated single nucleotide polymorphisms occurring in a 5S ribosomal gene region and flanking sequences bordering the gene dkgB. A DNA microarray hybridization method that assessed the presence and the absence of sets of genes was the second method. Serotype was assigned for 128 (92.1%) of submissions by the two DNA methods. ISR detected mixtures of serotypes within single colonies and it cost substantially less than KauffmannWhite serotyping and DNA microarray hybridization. Decreasing the cost of serotyping S. enterica while maintaining reliability may encourage routine testing and research. C1 [Guard, Jean; Sanchez-Ingunza, Roxana; Morales, Cesar; Stewart, Tod; Liljebjelke, Karen; Ingram, Kim; Jones, Deana; Jackson, Charlene; Fedorka-Cray, Paula; Frye, Jonathan; Gast, Richard; Hinton, Arthur, Jr.] ARS, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Van Kessel, JoAnn] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Guard, J (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM jean.guard@ars.usda.gov OI Frye, Jonathan/0000-0002-8500-3395 NR 16 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0378-1097 EI 1574-6968 J9 FEMS MICROBIOL LETT JI FEMS Microbiol. Lett. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 337 IS 1 BP 61 EP 72 DI 10.1111/1574-6968.12010 PG 12 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 035XK UT WOS:000310986300009 PM 22998607 ER PT J AU Nislow, KH Armstrong, JD AF Nislow, K. H. Armstrong, J. D. TI Towards a life-history-based management framework for the effects of flow on juvenile salmonids in streams and rivers SO FISHERIES MANAGEMENT AND ECOLOGY LA English DT Review DE dams; Europe; flow regulation; North America; Salmo salar; Salmo trutta ID AGE-0 ATLANTIC SALMON; TROUT SALVELINUS-FONTINALIS; FALL CHINOOK SALMON; BROWN TROUT; WATER TEMPERATURE; REGULATED RIVER; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BROOK TROUT; RAINBOW-TROUT; HABITAT USE AB Salmonid fishes have complex life cycles involving major changes in habitat requirements at different stages in their life history. Effects of changes in flow and flow regime on salmonids are therefore highly stage-specific. Successful management requires consideration of stage-specific influences and integration of these effects over the entire life history to predict ultimate impacts on abundance and population viability. The state of science regarding stage-specific influences of flow regime on juvenile salmonids and their habitats, referring specifically to fundamental attributes of natural regimes and to characteristic alterations of these regimes associated with water management, is reviewed. It appears that a key consideration in integrating the stage-specific impacts of flow is the extent to which flow-related losses or gains early in ontogeny can be compensated by increased growth or survival later in juvenile life history. Further, fundamental interactions between flow and water temperature must be incorporated into the robust models ultimately required for science-based management. In the absence of such models and data, the current state of science may be sufficient to target specific aspects of flow regimes that are critical to multiple life-history stages, which can then serve as a basis for interim flow prescriptions and subsequent adaptive management. C1 [Nislow, K. H.] Univ Massachusetts, USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Armstrong, J. D.] Marine Scotland Sci, Pitlochry, Perth, Scotland. RP Nislow, KH (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM knislow@fs.fed.us NR 85 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 7 U2 119 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0969-997X EI 1365-2400 J9 FISHERIES MANAG ECOL JI Fisheries Manag. Ecol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 19 IS 6 BP 451 EP 463 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2400.2011.00810.x PG 13 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 039GJ UT WOS:000311232300001 ER PT J AU Armstrong, JD Nislow, KH AF Armstrong, J. D. Nislow, K. H. TI Modelling approaches for relating effects of change in river flow to populations of Atlantic salmon and brown trout SO FISHERIES MANAGEMENT AND ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE flow; habitat; PHABSIM; Salmo salar; Salmo trutta ID HABITAT REQUIREMENTS; WATER TEMPERATURE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; GROWTH; SALAR; PREFERENCE; DISCHARGE; SURVIVAL; QUALITY; STREAMS AB Modelling approaches for relating discharge to the biology of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., and brown trout, Salmo trutta L., growing in rivers are reviewed. Process-based and empirical models are set within a common framework of input of water flow and output of characteristics of fish, such as growth and survival, which relate directly to population dynamics. A continuum is envisaged incorporating various contributions of process and empirical structure as practical and appropriate to specific goals. This framework is compared with, and shown to differ from, approaches whose output is in the form of quantity and form of habitat (or usable area) based on its frequency of use by fish, which then is assumed to have some relationship with fish performance. A simple conceptual modelling approach is also developed to relate water flow to fish population characteristics to assess the likelihood of simple relationships between flow and usable area thresholds. Basic predictions of the model are tested against empirical data from a long-term individual-based study of juvenile S. salar and resident brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchell), in West Brook, Massachusetts. For this system, growth rates of both species increased linearly with flow during spring, summer and autumn months and bore no relation to Q95 or wetted-width discontinuities. Winter is identified as a season during which water might be abstracted most safely, but cautiously given sparse knowledge of wild salmonid fish at this time of year. These results, together with the fundamental conceptual problems inherent in usable area-based approaches, suggest that models that relate directly to fish performance outcomes may be more robust as a basis for flow prescriptions. However, this utility will depend strongly on our ability to generalise from a limited set of empirical studies and to use the results of these studies of management actions to inform and improve future models. C1 [Armstrong, J. D.] Marine Scotland Sci, Pitlochry, Perth, Scotland. [Nislow, K. H.] Univ Massachusetts, USDA, US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Armstrong, JD (reprint author), Marine Scotland Sci Freshwater Lab, Pitlochry PH16 5LB, Perth, Scotland. EM John.Armstrong@scotland.gsi.gov.uk NR 39 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 70 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0969-997X J9 FISHERIES MANAG ECOL JI Fisheries Manag. Ecol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 19 IS 6 BP 527 EP 536 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2400.2011.00835.x PG 10 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 039GJ UT WOS:000311232300008 ER PT J AU Richards, GP Watson, MA Meade, GK Hovan, GL Kingsley, DH AF Richards, Gary P. Watson, Michael A. Meade, Gloria K. Hovan, Gregory L. Kingsley, David H. TI Resilience of Norovirus GII.4 to Freezing and Thawing: Implications for Virus Infectivity SO FOOD AND ENVIRONMENTAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Norovirus; Freezing; Thawing; Persistence; Infectivity; Capsid integrity ID TIME RT-PCR; NORWALK VIRUS; UNITED-STATES; ILLNESS; CONSUMPTION; OUTBREAK; DISEASE; SAFETY; FOODS; ICE AB Genogroup II.4 norovirus (NoV) remains the predominant NoV strain in food- and water-borne outbreaks. Capsid integrity as well as viral RNA persistence were determined for GII.4 NoV by real-time RT-PCR after 1-14 freeze/thaw (F/T) cycles (-80 A degrees C/+22 A degrees C) or after -80 A degrees C storage for up to 120 days. In both cases, capsid integrity and viral RNA titers remained stable. RNase was exogenously added after 1-14 F/T cycles, but did not alter the amount of genomic NoV RNA detected, indicating that capsids remained intact. Presumptive NoV infectivity was evaluated in functional studies by a porcine gastric mucin binding assay. Viruses frozen and thawed up to 14x bound similarly to porcine mucin, suggesting no reduction in virus infectivity. Overall, this study shows that a) NoV particles retain their integrity for at least 14 F/T cycles, b) long-term (120 day) frozen storage does not decrease NoV RNA titers, and c) capsid binding to receptor-like glycoprotein moieties remains unaltered after 14 F/T cycles. This work indicates that freezing and thawing of foods or beverages would not be a practical processing intervention to reduce NoV contamination. Likewise, repeated freezing and thawing, as might be encountered during winter months, is not expected to inactivate NoV in the environment. Results do show that laboratory samples destined for molecular biological analyses or for use as positive controls may be repeatedly frozen and thawed without any anticipated reduction in NoV RNA titers. This study documents the cryostability of NoV capsids and RNA to freezing and thawing and to the possible retention of virus infectivity. C1 [Richards, Gary P.; Watson, Michael A.; Meade, Gloria K.; Kingsley, David H.] Delaware State Univ, USDA, ARS, James WW Baker Ctr, Dover, DE 19901 USA. [Hovan, Gregory L.] Publ Hlth Lab, Delaware Div, Smyrna, DE 19977 USA. RP Richards, GP (reprint author), Delaware State Univ, USDA, ARS, James WW Baker Ctr, Dover, DE 19901 USA. EM gary.richards@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service FX The authors thank Johnna Fay for technical assistance and Brendan Niemira, Vincent Fondong, and William W. Ward for technical review of this manuscript. This work was made possible by intramural funding from the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. NR 23 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1867-0334 EI 1867-0342 J9 FOOD ENVIRON VIROL JI Food Environ. Virol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 4 IS 4 BP 192 EP 197 DI 10.1007/s12560-012-9089-6 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Microbiology; Virology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology; Virology GA 043AH UT WOS:000311514200005 PM 23205150 ER PT J AU Carnwath, GC Peterson, DW Nelson, CR AF Carnwath, Gunnar C. Peterson, David W. Nelson, Cara R. TI Effect of crown class and habitat type on climate-growth relationships of ponderosa pine and Douglas-fir SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Climate-growth relationships; Dendrochronology; Douglas-fir; Ponderosa pine ID RADIAL GROWTH; TREE-RING; MIXED-CONIFER; SUB-ALPINE; VEGETATION DISTRIBUTION; CASCADE MOUNTAINS; DROUGHT; MORTALITY; FORESTS; STANDS AB There is increasing interest in actively managing forests to increase their resilience to climate-related changes. Although forest managers rely heavily on the use of silvicultural treatments that manipulate stand structure and stand dynamics to modify responses to climate change, few studies have directly assessed the effects of stand structure or canopy position on climate-growth relationships - or examined how this relationship may vary among species or across environmental gradients. In this study, we analyzed variability in tree-ring series from 15 low-elevation stands in northeastern Washington (USA) using time series analysis and linear mixed effects models. Our objective was to assess the relative influences of species (Pinus ponderosa vs. Pseudotsuga menziesii), crown class (dominant vs. intermediate), and habitat type (Xeric vs. Dry-Mesic) on the climate responses of mature trees in unmanaged forests. We found that climate-growth relationships varied significantly between canopy classes and across habitat types but that these effects were highly species-specific. For P. menziesii, growth responses to temperature and precipitation did not vary between canopy classes. For P. ponderosa, however, regression coefficients for the relationship between temperature and radial growth were nearly twice as large for dominant trees compared to intermediate trees, and 84% of dominant trees were significantly influenced by precipitation, compared to only 62% of intermediate trees. In contrast, habitat-type did not significantly affect the climate responses of P. ponderosa, but did affect responses of P. menziesii. For example, for P. menziesii only 51% of trees in Dry-Mesic sites, were significantly affected by drought (PDSI), compared to 93% in Xeric sites. A better understanding of the relationship between climate sensitivity, species-specific hydraulic strategies, and stand dynamics is crucial for accurately predicting tree responses to climate change and designing forest treatments that will effectively reduce the climatic vulnerability of key forest species and habitats. Results may assist managers with understanding how altering stand dynamics will differentially affect climate-responses of individual species. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Carnwath, Gunnar C.; Nelson, Cara R.] Univ Montana, Dept Ecosyst & Conservat Sci, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Peterson, David W.] USFS Forestry Sci Lab, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. RP Carnwath, GC (reprint author), Univ Montana, Dept Ecosyst & Conservat Sci, Coll Forestry & Conservat, 32 Campus Dr, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. EM gcarnwath@fs.fed.us RI Peterson, David/B-1105-2008 FU National Science Foundation EPSCoR program [EPS-1101342] FX We thank the USDA Forest Service Region 6 Area Ecology Program and Colville National Forest, especially M. Borysewicz, for logistical support; M. Yager, J. Bohlert, K. Bednarczyk, P. Stothart, T. Anfinson, and B. Maddox for data collection and core processing; and E. Sutherland, S. Running, J. Goodburn, and A. Sala for help with study design and manuscript review. This material is based on work supported by McIntire-Stennis appropriations to the University of Montana, USDA Forest Service (PNW Research Station, Region 6 Area Ecology Program and Student Career Experience Program), and the Montana Institute on Ecosystems by the National Science Foundation EPSCoR program grant EPS-1101342. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Montana Institute on Ecosystems or the National Science Foundation. NR 73 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 78 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD DEC 1 PY 2012 VL 285 BP 44 EP 52 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2012.07.037 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 034HW UT WOS:000310864500006 ER PT J AU Kitchen, SG AF Kitchen, Stanley G. TI Historical fire regime and forest variability on two eastern Great Basin fire-sheds (USA) SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Dendrochronology; Point mean fire interval; Mixed-severity fire; Pinyon-juniper fire; Anthropogenic fire; Fire restoration ID SOUTHWESTERN UNITED-STATES; THOUSAND-LAKES-WILDERNESS; PINYON-JUNIPER WOODLANDS; WESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; MONTANE FORESTS; SOUTHERN OSCILLATION; KLAMATH MOUNTAINS; SPATIAL-PATTERNS; NEW-MEXICO; CALIFORNIA AB Proper management of naturally forested landscapes requires knowledge of key disturbance processes and their effects on species composition and structure. Spatially-intensive fire and forest histories provide valuable information about how fire and vegetation may vary and interact on heterogeneous landscapes. I constructed 800-year fire and tree recruitment chronologies for two eastern Great Basin fire-sheds using fire-scar and tree establishment evidence from 48 gridded plots (500 m spacing) and from fire-scarred trees between plots. Fire-sheds are located in the Snake Range of eastern Nevada (BMC) and Wah Wah Range of western Utah (LAW) and span a range in elevation and vegetation zones typical for the region. Estimates of point mean fire interval varied more than 10-fold at both BMC (7.8-125.6 years) and LAW (13.3-138.4 years). At BMC, a distinct within-fire-shed contrast in fire frequency was difficult to explain without invoking the possibility of spatially-variable human-caused ignitions. A majority of fires were small (<10 ha) but large fires (>= 100 ha) accounted for 78% (BMC) to 89% (LAW) of cumulative area burned. Tree recruitment for mid-elevation, mixed-conifer stands was somewhat episodic and asynchronous among plots. Recruitment pulses were synchronous with multi-decade fire quiescent periods, and often followed large fires. I concluded that fire frequency was under strong topographic control and that fire severity was mixed and variable through time and space resulting in a dynamic mosaic of variable-aged, fire-initiated vegetation intermixed with long-lived, fire-resilient trees and open shrub-steppe communities (BMC). A major change in fire regime and forest composition began in the 1800s causing shifts in composition and structure at the stand scale and homogenization at the landscape scale. I recommend that management strategies prioritize the use of fire and surrogate treatments on mid-elevation forests that have deviated most from historic conditions and on associated shrub-steppe communities where conifer encroachment has occurred. Planned disturbances should be of mixed severity and sized to recreate vegetative mosaics at historic spatial scales. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Provo, UT 84606 USA. RP Kitchen, SG (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 735 North,500 East, Provo, UT 84606 USA. EM skitchen@fs.fed.us FU Joint Fire Sciences Program; Utah Bureau of Land Management; USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station FX For help with field collection and sample processing, D. Bentley, B. Bright, S. Carlson, A. Kitchen, J. Kitchen, B. Latta, G. Jorgensen, H. Neely, M. Proett, B. Pyne, M. Pyne, G. Schenk, J. Taylor, T. Thygerson, H. Vice, N. Williams, and T. Young. For help with logistics, I thank L. Chappell, J. Pollet, and T. Williams. I thank B. Reeves for help with maps and E. Heyerdahl, R. Tausch, M. Bekker, D. Turner and two anonymous reviewers for helpful suggestions in improving the manuscript. This work was funded by the Joint Fire Sciences Program, Utah Bureau of Land Management, and USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. NR 69 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 6 U2 62 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD DEC 1 PY 2012 VL 285 BP 53 EP 66 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2012.08.012 PG 14 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 034HW UT WOS:000310864500007 ER PT J AU Uzoh, FCC Mori, SR AF Uzoh, Fabian C. C. Mori, Sylvia R. TI Applying survival analysis to managed even-aged stands of ponderosa pine for assessment of tree mortality in the western United States SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Cox Proportional Hazard model; Probability of survival; Tree mortality; Pinus ponderosa; Logistic regression; Generalized Additive Model (GAM) ID REGRESSION-MODELS; PREDICTING MORTALITY; INCREMENT MODEL; GROWTH; VALIDATION; DENSITY; SPRUCE AB A critical component of a growth and yield simulator is an estimate of mortality rates. The mortality models presented here are developed from long-term permanent plots in provinces from throughout the geographic range of ponderosa pine in the United States extending from the Black Hills of South Dakota to the Pacific Coast. The study had two objectives: estimation of the probability of a tree survival for the next 5 years and the probability of a tree surviving longer than a given time period (survival trend) for a given set of covariates. The probability of a tree surviving for the next 5 years was estimated using a logistic model regressed on 18 covariates measured 5 years before the last measurement period with 15 smoothing variables (S1-S15) for spatial effects of latitude and longitude surface. The fitted model showed that the probability of survival increased with increasing diameter at breast height (DBH), DBH periodic annual increment (PAIDBH) and increasing plot basal area/number of trees per hectare (PBAH/TPH), and decreased with increasing average of the 5 tallest trees in the plot (AVGHT5) when other selected covariates were included in the model. The probability of a tree surviving longer than a given time period was estimated by fitting the Cox Proportional Hazard model to the last observed survival period regressed on 13 covariates measured at the first measurement period. This probability also increased with increasing DBH and PAIDBH, and decreased with increasing AVGHT5. The Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC) and graphs of partial residuals were used in the selection of covariates included in the models. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Uzoh, Fabian C. C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Redding, CA 96002 USA. [Mori, Sylvia R.] US Forest Serv, Stat Unit, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Uzoh, FCC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Redding, CA 96002 USA. EM fuzoh@fs.fed.us NR 71 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 34 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD DEC 1 PY 2012 VL 285 BP 101 EP 122 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2012.08.006 PG 22 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 034HW UT WOS:000310864500012 ER PT J AU Marcot, BG Thompson, MP Runge, MC Thompson, FR McNulty, S Cleaves, D Tomosy, M Fisher, LA Bliss, A AF Marcot, Bruce G. Thompson, Matthew P. Runge, Michael C. Thompson, Frank R. McNulty, Steven Cleaves, David Tomosy, Monica Fisher, Larry A. Bliss, Andrew TI Recent advances in applying decision science to managing national forests SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Structured decision making; Adaptive management; Decision support; Land-management planning; Risk analysis; Risk management ID EVALUATION CRITERIA; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; EXPERT KNOWLEDGE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; WILDFIRE RISK; MANAGEMENT; UNCERTAINTY; CONSERVATION; MODELS; POLICY AB Management of federal public forests to meet sustainability goals and multiple use regulations is an immense challenge. To succeed, we suggest use of formal decision science procedures and tools in the context of structured decision making (SDM). SDM entails four stages: problem structuring (framing the problem and defining objectives and evaluation criteria), problem analysis (defining alternatives, evaluating likely consequences, identifying key uncertainties, and analyzing tradeoffs), decision point (identifying the preferred alternative), and implementation and monitoring the preferred alternative with adaptive management feedbacks. We list a wide array of models, techniques, and tools available for each stage, and provide three case studies of their selected use in National Forest land management and project plans. Successful use of SDM involves participation by decision-makers, analysts, scientists, and stakeholders. We suggest specific areas for training and instituting SDM to foster transparency, rigor, clarity, and inclusiveness in formal decision processes regarding management of national forests. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Marcot, Bruce G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland, OR 97205 USA. [Thompson, Matthew P.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59807 USA. [Runge, Michael C.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. [Thompson, Frank R.] Univ Missouri, US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [McNulty, Steven] US Forest Serv, USDA, Eastern Forest Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Cleaves, David] US Forest Serv, USDA, Off Chief, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Tomosy, Monica] US Forest Serv, USDA, Arlington, VA 22209 USA. [Fisher, Larry A.; Bliss, Andrew] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Marcot, BG (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, 620 SW Main St, Portland, OR 97205 USA. EM bmarcot@fs.fed.us RI Runge, Michael/E-7331-2011 OI Runge, Michael/0000-0002-8081-536X FU US Forest Service Research Executive Team FX This work was prompted by the US Forest Service Deputy Chief for Research and Development, Jim Reaves, and his team of Research Station managers, and is part of a larger effort by the Forest Service to develop syntheses of major contemporary research themes. We thank the US Forest Service Research Executive Team for their support. Thanks to Deborah Finch for providing operational support through her partnership with the University of Arizona, and to the University of Arizona's School of Natural Resources and the Environment for their contributions to the project. We also thank the US Geological Survey for partnering with the US Forest Service on this effort. We appreciate helpful reviews provided by Kerry Britton, Joe Carbone, Chris Iverson, Danny Lee, Guy Robertson, Ken Williams, and two anonymous reviewers. NR 73 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 4 U2 69 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD DEC 1 PY 2012 VL 285 BP 123 EP 132 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2012.08.024 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 034HW UT WOS:000310864500013 ER PT J AU McGlone, CM Stoddard, MT Springer, JD Daniels, ML Fule, PZ Covington, WW AF McGlone, Christopher M. Stoddard, Michael T. Springer, Judith D. Daniels, Mark L. Fule, Peter Z. Covington, W. Wallace TI Nonnative species influence vegetative response to ecological restoration: Two forests with divergent restoration outcomes SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Arizona; Cheatgrass; Forest; Nonnative; Ponderosa pine; Prescribed fire ID PONDEROSA PINE FORESTS; SOIL SEED BANKS; NORTHERN ARIZONA; HERBACEOUS VEGETATION; UNDERSTORY RESPONSE; PRESCRIBED FIRE; BROMUS-TECTORUM; PLANT INVASION; SIERRA-NEVADA; UNITED-STATES AB Changes in the vegetative structure and diversity of ponderosa pine forests have generated interest in conducting ecological restoration projects to improve the overall forest health of these ecosystems. Ecological restoration prescriptions often consist of thinning trees to emulate pre-1870s forest structure followed by prescribed burning. Disturbances associated with ecological restoration can, however, promote invasion by nonnative species. We compared two northern Arizona ponderosa pine forests treated for ecological restoration, one at the Fort Valley Experimental Forest and one at Mt. Trumbull on the Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument. We examined the response of native and nonnative plant species, as well as all species combined, to treatments at the two forests. Both study sites showed a significant increase in native and nonnative species cover and richness by the fifth year post-treatment that remained significant by the tenth year post-treatment. Despite these general trends in native and nonnative community development, the understory vegetation at the two sites followed diverging successional patterns after treatment. By the tenth year post-treatment Fort Valley was dominated by native species and Mt. Trumbull was dominated by a single nonnative species, cheatgrass. The differences in post-treatment understory recovery are likely due to pretreatment forest conditions. At Fort Valley, nonnatives were present, but accounted for only 0.11% of the pretreatment cover. At Mt. Trumbull, nonnatives accounted for 5.26% of the pretreatment understory cover, with cheatgrass accounting for approximately 4% of the understory cover. Additionally, the soil seedbank at Fort Valley had greater overall species richness and greater native perennial grass richness than Mt. Trumbull. We propose that the application of ecological restoration treatments should be targeted to sites with low abundance of nonnatives prior to treatment. Sites containing high abundance of nonnatives prior to treatment should be managed for nonnative species mitigation before initiating any ecological restoration projects. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [McGlone, Christopher M.; Stoddard, Michael T.; Springer, Judith D.; Daniels, Mark L.; Covington, W. Wallace] No Arizona Univ, Ecol Restorat Inst, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Fule, Peter Z.; Covington, W. Wallace] No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. RP McGlone, CM (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Pollinating Insect Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM chris.mcglone@nau.edu FU USDA Forest Service; USDI Bureau of Land Management FX Thanks to the Coconino National Forest for assistance with the Fort Valley study, especially A. Farnsworth, B. Thornton, T. Randall-Parker, and G. Waldrip, Rocky Mountain Research Station, especially C. Edminster. The authors also thank the Bureau of Land Management Arizona Strip Field Office for assistance with the Mt. Trumbull Project, especially Ken Moore and Whit Bunting. Additionally, the staff and students of the Ecological Restoration Institute were invaluable for field data collection. A special thanks to H. Smith and D. Normandin for logistical support for this project. We also thank the two anonymous reviewers for their insightful suggestions that greatly improved this manuscript. This work was funded by USDA Forest Service and the USDI Bureau of Land Management. NR 61 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 66 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD DEC 1 PY 2012 VL 285 BP 195 EP 203 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2012.08.022 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 034HW UT WOS:000310864500020 ER PT J AU Stephens, SL Collins, BM Roller, G AF Stephens, Scott L. Collins, Brandon M. Roller, Gary TI Fuel treatment longevity in a Sierra Nevada mixed conifer forest SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Fire ecology; Fire management; Forest ecology; Restoration; Fire hazards; Fire behavior ID POTENTIAL FIRE BEHAVIOR; COARSE WOODY DEBRIS; PRESCRIBED FIRE; RESTORATION TREATMENTS; REDUCTION TREATMENTS; TREE MORTALITY; UNITED-STATES; ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; NATIONAL FIRE AB Understanding the longevity of fuel treatments in terms of their ability to maintain fire behavior and effects within a desired range is an important question. The objective of this study was to determine how fuels, forest structure, and predicted fire behavior changed 7-years after initial treatments. Three different treatments: mechanical only, mechanical plus fire, and prescribed fire only, as well as untreated control, were each randomly applied to 3 of 12 experimental units. Many aspects of the initial fuel treatments changed in 7 years. The overall hazard of the control units increased significantly indicating continued passive management has further increased already high fire hazards. Mechanical only fire hazard decreased after 7 years and are now similar to the two fire treatments, which both maintained low hazards throughout the study. Tree density declined significantly 7 years after the initial fire only treatments, while basal area in both fire treatments was unchanged relative to immediate post-treatment conditions. Our findings indicating reduced fire hazard over time in mechanical only treatments might provide an opportunity for a staggered treatment schedule that included prescribed fire which could increase overall treatment longevity to approximately 20 years. Changes in our mixed conifer forests after fuel treatment were generally larger than those reported from ponderosa pine forests in the Rocky Mountains. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Stephens, Scott L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Ecosyst Sci Div, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Collins, Brandon M.; Roller, Gary] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Davis, CA 95618 USA. RP Stephens, SL (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Ecosyst Sci Div, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, 130 Mulford Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM sstephens@berkeley.edu; bmcollins@fs.fed.us; groller@fs.fed.us FU USDA-USDI Joint Fire Sciences Program FX This project was funded by the USDA-USDI Joint Fire Sciences Program. Special thanks to Blodgett Forest Research Station and their dedicated staff and to all those who helped implement the prescribed burns. We also thank all graduate students and summer field technicians that were integral to this project. We particularly thank Jason Moghaddas for his earlier work on this project. The paper was improved from comments provided by two referees. NR 52 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD DEC 1 PY 2012 VL 285 BP 204 EP 212 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2012.08.030 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 034HW UT WOS:000310864500021 ER PT J AU Clark, SL Schlarbaum, SE Saxton, AM Hebard, FV AF Clark, Stacy L. Schlarbaum, Scott E. Saxton, Arnold M. Hebard, Fred V. TI Nursery performance of American and Chinese chestnuts and backcross generations in commercial tree nurseries SO FORESTRY LA English DT Article ID CASTANEA-DENTATA SEEDLINGS; NORTHERN RED OAK; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; QUERCUS-RUBRA; BLIGHT; GROWTH; RESTORATION; STRATEGIES; PATHOGENS; MOISTURE AB The American chestnut [Castanea dentata (Marsh.) Borkh.] was decimated by an exotic fungus [Cryphonectria parasitica (Murr.) Barr] in the early 1900s. Breeding efforts with American and Chinese chestnuts (C. mollissima Blume) produced putatively blight-resistant progeny (BC3F3) in 2007. We compared two nut size classes for differences in seedling quality of bare-root stock grown in commercial nurseries. We compared the BC3F3 generation to parental species and other generations. Nuts in the large size class produced taller trees than nuts in the small size class, but sizing nuts prior to sowing did not reduce variability in nursery seedling size. Results indicate that overall seedling quality could be improved by culling small nuts, but seedling uniformity would only be improved by culling seedlings before planting. We recommend refinement of restoration efforts to match seedling size to site type and planting goals. BC3F3 chestnuts differed from Chinese chestnuts in 67% of tests, and were different than American chestnuts in half the tests, indicating not all American traits were recovered in this early phase of seedling development. Family differences within the BC3F3 generation were most apparent for mean nut weight, and only one BC3F3 family differed from other BC3F3 families in seedling growth characteristics. C1 [Clark, Stacy L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Schlarbaum, Scott E.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Forestry Wildlife & Fisheries, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Saxton, Arnold M.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Anim Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Hebard, Fred V.] Amer Chestnut Fdn, Meadowview, VA 24361 USA. RP Clark, SL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, 2431 Joe Johnson Dr,Rm 274 Ellington Plant Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM stacyclark@fs.fed.us FU American Chestnut Foundation; U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service (USFS); University of Tennessee (UT), Tennessee Agricultural Experiment Station FX This research was partially supported by The American Chestnut Foundation, the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service (USFS) and the University of Tennessee (UT), Tennessee Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 56 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 24 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0015-752X J9 FORESTRY JI Forestry PD DEC PY 2012 VL 85 IS 5 BP 589 EP 600 DI 10.1093/forestry/cps068 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 031HL UT WOS:000310630000003 ER PT J AU Dunn, AM Torchin, ME Hatcher, MJ Kotanen, PM Blumenthal, DM Byers, JE Coon, CAC Frankel, VM Holt, RD Hufbauer, RA Kanarek, AR Schierenbeck, KA Wolfe, LM Perkins, SE AF Dunn, Alison M. Torchin, Mark E. Hatcher, Melanie J. Kotanen, Peter M. Blumenthal, Dana M. Byers, James E. Coon, Courtney A. C. Frankel, Victor M. Holt, Robert D. Hufbauer, Ruth A. Kanarek, Andrew R. Schierenbeck, Kristina A. Wolfe, Lorne M. Perkins, Sarah E. TI Indirect effects of parasites in invasions SO FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Review DE biological invasion; density-mediated indirect effect; indirect effect; parasitic infection; trait-mediated indirect effect ID INCREASED COMPETITIVE ABILITY; PHORID FLY PARASITOIDS; MEDIATED INTERACTIONS; INTRAGUILD PREDATION; INFECTIOUS-DISEASE; ECOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; APPARENT COMPETITION; TOXOPLASMA-GONDII; NEGLECTED CONCEPT AB 1. Introduced species disrupt native communities and biodiversity worldwide. Parasitic infections (and at times, their absence) are thought to be a key component in the success and impact of biological invasions by plants and animals. They can facilitate or limit invasions, and positively or negatively impact native species. 2. Parasites have not only direct effects on their hosts, but also indirect effects on the species with which their hosts interact. Indirect effects include density-mediated effects (resulting from parasite-induced reduction in host reproduction and survival) as well as trait-mediated indirect effects (resulting from parasite-induced changes in host phenotype, behaviour or life history). These effects are not mutually exclusive but often interact. 3. The importance of these indirect interactions for invasion success, and the extent to which these effects ramify throughout communities and influence ecosystems undergoing biological invasion provide the focus of our review. Examples from the animal and plant literature illustrate the importance of parasites in mediating both competitive and consumerresource interactions between native and invasive species. 4. Parasites are involved in indirect interactions at all trophic levels. Furthermore, the indirect effects of parasitic infection are important at a range of biological scales from within a host to the whole ecosystem in determining invasion success and impact. 5. To understand the importance of parasitic infection in invasion success and in the outcomes for invaded communities requires an interdisciplinary approach by ecologists and parasitologists, across animal and plant systems. Future research should develop a framework integrating community ecology, evolution and immunology to better understand and manage the spread of invasive species and their diseases. C1 [Dunn, Alison M.; Hatcher, Melanie J.] Univ Leeds, Fac Biol Sci, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Torchin, Mark E.; Frankel, Victor M.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa 084303092, Ancon, Panama. [Hatcher, Melanie J.] Univ Bristol, Sch Biol Sci, Bristol BS8 1UG, Avon, England. [Kotanen, Peter M.] Univ Toronto Mississauga, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada. [Blumenthal, Dana M.] ARS, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Byers, James E.] Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Coon, Courtney A. C.] Univ S Florida, Dept Integrat Biol, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. [Frankel, Victor M.] McGill Univ, Dept Biol, Montreal, PQ H3A 2K6, Canada. [Frankel, Victor M.] McGill Univ, Redpath Museum, Montreal, PQ H3A 2K6, Canada. [Holt, Robert D.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Hufbauer, Ruth A.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Managemen, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Hufbauer, Ruth A.] Colorado State Univ, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Kanarek, Andrew R.] Univ Tennessee, Natl Inst Math & Biol Synth, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Schierenbeck, Kristina A.] Calif State Univ Chico, Dept Biol Sci, Chico, CA 95929 USA. [Wolfe, Lorne M.] Georgia So Univ, Dept Biol, Statesboro, GA 30460 USA. [Perkins, Sarah E.] Cardiff Sch Biosci, Cardiff CF10 3AX, S Glam, Wales. RP Dunn, AM (reprint author), Univ Leeds, Fac Biol Sci, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. EM a.dunn@leeds.ac.uk RI Perkins, Sarah/B-1817-2010; OI Perkins, Sarah/0000-0002-7457-2699; Dunn, Alison/0000-0002-4855-1077; Kotanen, Peter/0000-0002-7842-8715 FU Global Invasions Network NSF RCN [DEB-0541673]; NERC [NE/G015201/1, NE/J00630/1]; FP7 Intra-European Fellowship; NSERC; National Science Foundation [DEB 0349553]; NSF [EF-0832858]; NIH [GM-083192] FX We thank the British Ecological Society and the Global Invasions Network NSF RCN DEB-0541673 for supporting research meetings that stimulated this collaboration. AD and MJH acknowledge support from NERC (NE/G015201/1 and NE/J00630/1). SEP is supported by an FP7 Intra-European Fellowship. PMK is supported by an NSERC Discovery Grant. LMW is supported by The National Science Foundation DEB 0349553. ARK is supported through NSF Award #EF-0832858. RDH acknowledges the University of Florida Foundation and NIH (GM-083192). NR 114 TC 49 Z9 52 U1 13 U2 300 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0269-8463 J9 FUNCT ECOL JI Funct. Ecol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 26 IS 6 BP 1262 EP 1274 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2435.2012.02041.x PG 13 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 041WY UT WOS:000311433600005 ER PT J AU Robert, CAM Erb, M Hibbard, BE French, BW Zwahlen, C Turlings, TCJ AF Robert, Christelle A. M. Erb, Matthias Hibbard, Bruce E. French, B. Wade Zwahlen, Claudia Turlings, Ted C. J. TI A specialist root herbivore reduces plant resistance and uses an induced plant volatile to aggregate in a density-dependent manner SO FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE defence inducibility relaxation; Diabrotica virgifera virgifera; induced susceptibility; resource reallocation; root-herbivore interactions; Zea mays ID WESTERN CORN-ROOTWORM; BELOW-GROUND HERBIVORY; CELL-WALL INVERTASE; LARVAE COLEOPTERA; WATER-STRESS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; INSECT HERBIVORES; AMINO-ACIDS; MAIZE; CHRYSOMELIDAE AB 1. Leaf-herbivore attack often triggers induced resistance in plants. However, certain specialist herbivores can also take advantage of the induced metabolic changes. In some cases, they even manipulate plant resistance, leading to a phenomenon called induced susceptibility. Compared to above-ground plant-insect interactions, little is known about the prevalence and consequences of induced responses below-ground. 2. A recent study suggested that feeding by the specialist root herbivore Diabrotica virgifera virgifera makes maize roots more susceptible to conspecifics. To better understand this phenomenon, we conducted a series of experiments to study the behavioural responses and elucidate the underlying biochemical mechanisms. 3. We found that D. virgifera benefitted from feeding on a root system in groups of intermediate size (39 larvae/plant in the laboratory), whereas its performance was reduced in large groups (12 larvae/plant). Interestingly, the herbivore was able to select host plants with a suitable density of conspecifics by using the induced plant volatile (E)-beta-caryophyllene in a dose-dependent manner. Using a split root experiment, we show that the plant-induced susceptibility is systemic and, therefore, plant mediated. Chemical analyses on plant resource reallocation and defences upon herbivory showed that the systemic induced-susceptibility is likely to stem from a combination of (i) increased free amino acid concentrations and (ii) relaxation of defence inducibility. 4. These findings show that herbivores can use induced plant volatiles in a density-dependent manner to aggregate on a host plant and change its metabolism to their own benefit. Our study furthermore helps to explain the remarkable ecological success of D. virgifera in maize fields around the world. C1 [Robert, Christelle A. M.; Zwahlen, Claudia; Turlings, Ted C. J.] Univ Neuchatel, Lab Fundamental & Appl Res Chem Ecol FARCE, CH-2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland. [Robert, Christelle A. M.; Erb, Matthias] Max Planck Inst Chem Ecol, Root Herbivore Interact Grp, D-07745 Jena, Germany. [Hibbard, Bruce E.] Univ Missouri, USDA, ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [French, B. Wade] ARS, USDA, N Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. RP Turlings, TCJ (reprint author), Univ Neuchatel, Lab Fundamental & Appl Res Chem Ecol FARCE, Rue Emile Argand 11, CH-2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland. EM ted.turlings@unine.ch RI Turlings, Ted/E-8671-2012; OI Turlings, Ted/0000-0002-8315-785X; Erb, Matthias/0000-0002-4446-9834 FU National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) 'Plant Survival'; Swiss National Science Foundation Fellowship [PBNEP3-134930] FX We thank Matt Higdon, Rebecca Higdon, Sarah Zukoff, Julie Barry and the whole student crew from the USDA-ARS Plant Genetics Research Unit (Columbia, Missouri) for their kind contribution to field experiments. This project was partially funded by the National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) 'Plant Survival' and supported by a Swiss National Science Foundation Fellowship to M.E. (PBNEP3-134930). NR 79 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 9 U2 91 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0269-8463 J9 FUNCT ECOL JI Funct. Ecol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 26 IS 6 BP 1429 EP 1440 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2435.2012.02030.x PG 12 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 041WY UT WOS:000311433600020 ER PT J AU Shah, DH Zhou, XH Kim, HY Call, DR Guard, J AF Shah, Devendra H. Zhou, Xiaohui Kim, Hye-Young Call, Douglas R. Guard, Jean TI Transposon Mutagenesis of Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis Identifies Genes That Contribute to Invasiveness in Human and Chicken Cells and Survival in Egg Albumen SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID III SECRETION SYSTEM; SIGNATURE-TAGGED MUTAGENESIS; TYPHIMURIUM INVASION GENES; PATHOGENICITY ISLAND 1; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; PROTEIN SECRETION; NEEDLE COMPLEX; BACTERIAL INTERNALIZATION; INTESTINAL COLONIZATION; REGULATED GENES AB Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis is an important food-borne pathogen, and chickens are a primary reservoir of human infection. While most knowledge about Salmonella pathogenesis is based on research conducted on Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, S. Enteritidis is known to have pathobiology specific to chickens that impacts epidemiology in humans. Therefore, more information is needed about S. Enteritidis pathobiology in comparison to that of S. Typhimurium. We used transposon mutagenesis to identify S. Enteritidis virulence genes by assay of invasiveness in human intestinal epithelial (Caco-2) cells and chicken liver (LMH) cells and survival within chicken (HD-11) macrophages as a surrogate marker for virulence. A total of 4,330 transposon insertion mutants of an invasive G1 Nal(r) strain were screened using Caco-2 cells. This led to the identification of attenuating mutations in a total of 33 different loci, many of which include genes previously known to contribute to enteric infection (e. g., Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 [SPI-1], SPI-4, SPI-5, CS54, fliH, fljB, csgB, spvR, and rfbMN) in S. Enteritidis and other Salmonella serovars. Several genes or genomic islands that have not been reported previously (e.g., SPI-14, ksgA, SEN0034, SEN2278, and SEN3503) or that are absent in S. Typhimurium or in most other Salmonella serovars (e.g., pegD, SEN1152, SEN1393, and SEN1966) were also identified. Most mutants with reduced Caco-2 cell invasiveness also showed significantly reduced invasiveness in chicken liver cells and impaired survival in chicken macrophages and in egg albumen. Consequently, these genes may play an important role during infection of the chicken host and also contribute to successful egg contamination by S. Enteritidis. C1 [Shah, Devendra H.; Zhou, Xiaohui; Call, Douglas R.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Shah, Devendra H.; Call, Douglas R.] Washington State Univ, Paul Allen Sch Global Anim Hlth, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Kim, Hye-Young] Western Univ Hlth Sci, Coll Vet Med, Pomona, CA USA. [Guard, Jean] ARS, Egg Qual & Safety Res Unit, USDA, Athens, GA USA. RP Shah, DH (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM dshah@vetmed.wsu.edu OI Shah, Devendra/0000-0001-6365-7868 FU NIAID, National Institutes of Health [N01-A1-30055]; College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University; National Institutes of Health [RR07049] FX This project was funded in part with federal funds from the NIAID, National Institutes of Health, under contract no. N01-A1-30055 and by the Agricultural Animal Health Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University. Hye-Young Kim was supported in part by National Institutes of Health grant RR07049. NR 103 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 21 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 80 IS 12 BP 4203 EP 4215 DI 10.1128/IAI.00790-12 PG 13 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 036MQ UT WOS:000311030800016 PM 22988017 ER PT J AU Blackwell, DL Herald, TJ Bean, SR Gadgil, P AF Blackwell, Deidre L. Herald, Thomas J. Bean, Scott R. Gadgil, Prini TI Alkaline extraction of phenolic compounds from intact sorghum kernels SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Antioxidant activity; cereal grains; polyphenols; sorghum ID RADICAL ABSORBENCY CAPACITY; DENT CORN; MILLET; PHYTOCHEMICALS; ANTIOXIDANTS; GENOTYPES; HEALTH; GRAIN C1 [Blackwell, Deidre L.; Herald, Thomas J.; Bean, Scott R.; Gadgil, Prini] ARS, CGAHR, USDA, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Herald, TJ (reprint author), ARS, CGAHR, USDA, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM tom.herald@ars.usda.gov OI Bean, Scott/0000-0001-8678-8094 NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0950-5423 J9 INT J FOOD SCI TECH JI Int. J. Food Sci. Technol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 47 IS 12 BP 2671 EP 2675 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2012.03138.x PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 035WM UT WOS:000310983200025 ER PT J AU Pridgeon, JW Yildirim-Aksoy, M Klesius, PH Srivastava, KK Reddy, PG AF Pridgeon, J. W. Yildirim-Aksoy, M. Klesius, P. H. Srivastava, K. K. Reddy, P. G. TI Attenuation of a virulent Aeromonas hydrophila with novobiocin and pathogenic characterization of the novobiocin-resistant strain SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aeromonas hydrophila; attenuation; chemotaxis; novobiocin; virulence ID CATFISH ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS; INDIAN MAJOR CARPS; CHANNEL CATFISH; NILE TILAPIA; FLAVOBACTERIUM-COLUMNARE; PROTECTIVE EFFICACY; CYPRINUS-CARPIO; POTENTIAL USE; COMMON CARP; VACCINE AB Aim To determine whether novobiocin resistance strategy could be used to attenuate a virulent Aeromonas hydrophila AH11P strain and to characterize the growth and pathogenic differences between the novobiocin-resistant strain and its virulent parent strain AH11P. Methods and Results A novobiocin-resistant strain AH11NOVO was obtained from a virulent Aer. hydrophila strain AH11P through selection of resistance to novobiocin. AH11NOVO was found to be avirulent to channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus), whereas AH11P was virulent. When AH11NOVO vaccinated channel catfish were challenged with AH11P at 14 days postvaccination, relative per cent of survival of vaccinated fish was 100%. The cell proliferation rate of AH11NOVO was found to be significantly (P < 0.05) less than that of AH11P. In vitro motility assay revealed that AH11NOVO was nonmotile, whereas AH11P was motile. AH11NOVO had significantly (P < 0.05) lower in vitro chemotactic response to catfish mucus than that of AH11P. Although the ability of AH11NOVO to attach catfish gill cells was similar to that of AH11P, the ability of AH11NOVO to invade catfish gill cells was significantly (P < 0.05) lower than that of AH11P. Conclusions The novobiocin-resistant AH11NOVO is attenuated and different from its parent AH11P in pathogenicity. Significance and Impact of the Study The significantly lower chemotactic response and invasion ability of AH11NOVO compared with that of its virulent parent strain AH11P might shed light on the pathogenesis of Aer. hydrophila. C1 [Pridgeon, J. W.; Yildirim-Aksoy, M.; Klesius, P. H.] ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, USDA, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. [Pridgeon, J. W.; Yildirim-Aksoy, M.; Srivastava, K. K.; Reddy, P. G.] Tuskegee Univ, Coll Vet Med Nursing & Allied Hlth, Dept Pathol, Tuskegee, AL 36088 USA. RP Pridgeon, JW (reprint author), ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, USDA, 990 Wire Rd, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM julia.pridgeon@ars.usda.gov FU USDA/ARS CRIS [6420-32000-024-00D]; USDA NIFA [ALV-2010-02459]; NIFA FX We thank Drs. Dunhua Zhang (USDA-ARS) and Victor Panangala (USDA collaborator) for critical reviews of the manuscript. We thank Beth Peterman (USDA-ARS) for her excellent technical support. We also thank the management team of the Aquatic Animal Health Research Unit for daily care and management of the fish. This study was supported by the USDA/ARS CRIS project no. 6420-32000-024-00D and USDA NIFA project no. ALV-2010-02459. M. Yildirim-Aksoy was a postdoctoral research associate supported by the NIFA project. The use of trade, firm, or corporate names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture or the Agricultural Research Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. NR 36 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1364-5072 J9 J APPL MICROBIOL JI J. Appl. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 113 IS 6 BP 1319 EP 1328 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2012.05430.x PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 040AX UT WOS:000311292400003 PM 22897434 ER PT J AU Joshi, D Harris, NB Waters, R Thacker, T Mathema, B Krieswirth, B Sreevatsan, S AF Joshi, Deepti Harris, N. Beth Waters, Ray Thacker, Tyler Mathema, Barun Krieswirth, Barry Sreevatsan, Srinand TI Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the Mycobacterium bovis Genome Resolve Phylogenetic Relationships SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BCG STRAINS; M. BOVIS; TUBERCULOSIS; CHILDREN; VACCINES; DISEASE; GENE; SET AB Mycobacterium bovis isolates carry restricted allelic variation yet exhibit a range of disease phenotypes and host preferences. Conventional genotyping methods target small hypervariable regions of the M. bovis genome and provide anonymous biallelic information that is insufficient to develop phylogeny. To resolve phylogeny and establish trait-allele associations, we interrogated 75 M. bovis and 61 M. tuberculosis genomes for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), using iPLEX MassArray (Sequenom Inc., CA) technology. We indexed nucleotide variations in 306 genic and 44 intergenic loci among isolates derived from outbreaks in the United States from 1991 to 2010 and isolated from a variety of mammalian hosts. Two hundred six variant SNPs classified the 136 isolates and 4 previously sequenced strains (AF2122/97, BCG Pasteur, H37Rv, and CDC1551) into 5 major "SNP cluster groups." M. bovis isolates clustered into three major lineages based on 118 variant SNPs, while 84 SNPs differentiated the M. bovis BCG lineage from the virulent isolates. Forty-nine of the 51 human M. tuberculosis isolates were identical at all 350 loci studied. Thus, SNP-based analyses resolved the genotypic differences within M. bovis strains and differentiated these strains from M. tuberculosis strains representing diversity in time and space, providing population genetic frameworks that may aid in identifying factors responsible for the wide host range and disease phenotypes of M. bovis. C1 [Joshi, Deepti; Sreevatsan, Srinand] Univ Minnesota, Dept Vet Populat Med, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Sreevatsan, Srinand] Univ Minnesota, Dept Vet Biomed Sci, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Harris, N. Beth] Anim & Plant Hlth Serv, USDA, Diagnost Bacteriol Lab, Ames, IA USA. [Waters, Ray; Thacker, Tyler] USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Mathema, Barun; Krieswirth, Barry] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Jersey Med Sch, Publ Hlth Res Inst Ctr, Newark, NJ 07103 USA. RP Sreevatsan, S (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Vet Populat Med, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM sreev001@umn.edu OI Thacker, Tyler/0000-0001-6779-7649 FU Rapid Agricultural Response Fund (Agriculture Experiment Station); USDA FX This study was supported by the Rapid Agricultural Response Fund (Agriculture Experiment Station) and by a USDA-Specials grant awarded to S.S. NR 21 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 50 IS 12 BP 3853 EP 3861 DI 10.1128/JCM.01499-12 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 038ZE UT WOS:000311211800006 PM 22993186 ER PT J AU Carvalho, ER Schmelz-Roberts, NS White, HM Wilcox, CS Eicher, SD Donkin, SS AF Carvalho, E. R. Schmelz-Roberts, N. S. White, H. M. Wilcox, C. S. Eicher, S. D. Donkin, S. S. TI Feeding behaviors of transition dairy cows fed glycerol as a replacement for corn SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE glycerol; feeding behavior; transition cow ID SORTING BEHAVIOR; RUMINAL ACIDOSIS; ALFALFA HAY; FORAGE; FERMENTATION; PRODUCTIVITY; MOLASSES; RATIONS; PERIOD; DIETS AB Feed sorting is a natural behavior of dairy cows that can result in inconsistencies in the nutritive value of a total mixed ration (TMR). The objective of this study was to determine the effects of replacing high-moisture corn with glycerol on feed sorting and the feed intake pattern of transition dairy cows. Multiparous Holstein cows (n = 26) were paired by expected calving date, housed in individual tie stalls, and fed diets containing either glycerol or high-moisture corn once daily from d -28 to +56 relative to calving. Glycerol was included at 11.5 and 10.8% of the ration dry matter for the pre- and postpartum diets, respectively. The feed consumption pattern was determined by measuring TMR disappearance during the intervals from 0 to 4 11, 4 to 8 h, 8 to 12 h, and 12 to 24 h relative to feed delivery. Feed sorting was determined on d -16, -9, 9, 16, and 51 relative to calving at 4, 8, 12 and 24 h after feeding. The TMR particle size profile was determined at feed delivery and at 4, 8, 12, and 24 after feed delivery by using the Penn State Particle Separator (Nasco, Fort Atkinson, WI) to yield long (>19 mm), medium (<19 mm, >8 mm), short (<8 mm, >1.18 mm), and fine (<1.18 mm) particles. Overall feed intake did not differ between diets and was 14.7 +/- 0.4 and 20.2 +/- 0.5 kg/d for the pre- and postpartum intervals, respectively. During the prepartum period, glycerol decreased the amount of feed consumed during the first 4 h after feed delivery (7.22 vs. 5.59 +/- 0.35 kg; control vs. glycerol, respectively) but increased feed consumed from 12 through 24 h after feed delivery (2.22 vs. 3.82 +/- 0.35 kg; control vs. glycerol, respectively). Similar effects on the feed consumption pattern were observed after calving. During the prepartum period, cows fed the control diet sorted against long particles, whereas cows fed glycerol did not sort against long particles (77.2 vs. 101.5 +/- 3.50% of expected intake for control vs. glycerol; significant treatment effect). The data indicate that addition of glycerol to the TMR alters the feed consumption pattern to increase feed consumption late in the day at the expense of feed consumed immediately after feeding, and it reduces sorting behavior against long particles. Together, these may reduce diurnal variations in the rumen environment to promote greater rumen health in transition cows. C1 [Carvalho, E. R.; Schmelz-Roberts, N. S.; White, H. M.; Wilcox, C. S.; Donkin, S. S.] Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Eicher, S. D.] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Donkin, SS (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM sdonkin@purdue.edu FU Agricultural Food Research Initiative of the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, US Department of Agriculture (Washington, DC) [2007-55618-18237]; Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES), Ministerio da Educacao (Brasilia, Brazil) FX The authors acknowledge the support of Perry Doane and Archer Daniels Midland (Decatur, IL) for the generous gift of glycerol for this project, the help afforded them by Michael Grott and the Purdue Dairy Research and Education Center staff, and the laboratory expertise of Stephanie Koser (Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN). This project was supported by the Agricultural Food Research Initiative of the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, US Department of Agriculture (Washington, DC; Grant No. 2007-55618-18237). Scholarship support for E. R. Carvalho was from Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES), Ministerio da Educacao (Brasilia, Brazil). NR 33 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 95 IS 12 BP 7214 EP 7224 DI 10.3168/jds.2010-3584 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 038RX UT WOS:000311192900040 PM 23084887 ER PT J AU Aguerre, MJ Wattiaux, MA Powell, JM AF Aguerre, M. J. Wattiaux, M. A. Powell, J. M. TI Emissions of ammonia, nitrous oxide, methane, and carbon dioxide during storage of dairy cow manure as affected by dietary forage-to-concentrate ratio and crust formation SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE ammonia; nitrous oxide; methane; manure ID MITIGATION; CATTLE; SLURRY; STRAW; STRATEGIES; RUMINANTS; OXIDATION; PROTEIN; LOSSES; RUMEN AB Sixteen 200-L barrels were used to determine the effects of dietary forage-to-concentrate (F:C) ratio on the rate of NH3-N, N2O, CH4, and CO2 emissions from dairy manure during a 77-d storage period. Manure was obtained from a companion study where cows were assigned to total mixed rations that included the following F:C ratio: 47:53, 54:46, 61:39, and 68:32 (diet dry matter basis) and housed in air-flow-controlled chambers constructed in a modified tiestall barn. On d 0 of this study, deposited manure and bedding from each emission chamber was thoroughly mixed, diluted with water (1.9 to 1 manure-to-water ratio) and loaded in barrels. In addition, on d 0, 7, 14, 28, 35, 49, 56, 63, 70, and 77 of storage, the rate of NH3-N, N2O, CH4, and CO2 emissions from each barrel were measured with a dynamic chamber and gas concentration measured with a photoacoustic multi-gas monitor. Data were analyzed as a randomized complete block with 4 replications. Dietary F:C ratio had no effect on manure dry matter, total N and total ammoniacal-N (NH3-N + NH4+-N), or pH at the time of storage (mean +/- SD: 10.6 +/- 0.6%, 3.0 +/- 0.2%, 93.1 +/- 18.1 mg/dL, and 7.8 +/- 0.5, respectively). No treatment differences were observed in the overall rate of manure NH3-N, N2O, CH4, and CO2 emissions (mean +/- SD over the 77-d storage period; 117 +/- 25, 30 +/- 7, 299 +/- 62, and 15,396 +/- 753 mg/hr per m(2), respectively). The presence of straw bedding in manure promoted the formation of a surface crust that became air dried after about 1 mo of storage, and was associated with an altered pattern in NH3-N and N2O emissions in particular. Whereas NH3-N emission rate was highest on d 0 and gradually decreased until reaching negligible levels on d 35, N2O emission rate was almost zero the first 2 wk of storage, increased sharply to peak on d 35, and decreased subsequently. The emission rate of CH4 and CO2 peaked simultaneously on d 7, but decreased subsequently until the end of the storage period. In this study, C:N ratio of gaseous losses was 32:1, reflecting higher volatile C loss than volatile N loss during storage. On a CO2-equivalent basis, the most important source of non-CO2 greenhouse gas emitted was CH4 until formation of an air-dried crust, but N2O thereafter. Taken together, these results suggested that the formation of an air-dried crust resulting from the straw bedding present in the manure reduced drastically NH3-N, and CH4 emissions, but was conducive of N2O production and emission. C1 [Aguerre, M. J.; Wattiaux, M. A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Dairy Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Powell, J. M.] ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Wattiaux, MA (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Dairy Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM wattiaux@wisc.edu NR 32 TC 8 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 92 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 95 IS 12 BP 7409 EP 7416 DI 10.3168/jds.2012-5340 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 038RX UT WOS:000311192900062 PM 23021756 ER PT J AU Skala, K Chuang, RJ Evans, A Hedberg, AM Dave, J Sharma, S AF Skala, Katherine Chuang, Ru-Jye Evans, Alexandra Hedberg, Ann-Marie Dave, Jayna Sharma, Shreela TI Ethnic Differences in the Home Food Environment and Parental Food Practices Among Families of Low-Income Hispanic and African-American Preschoolers SO JOURNAL OF IMMIGRANT AND MINORITY HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Early childhood; Family health; Nutrition; Obesity; Minority populations ID VEGETABLE CONSUMPTION; CHILDHOOD OBESITY; FEEDING PRACTICES; EATING BEHAVIORS; DIETARY-INTAKE; AGED CHILDREN; UNITED-STATES; ADOLESCENTS; FRUIT; MEALS AB The family and home environment are important in shaping the dietary patterns of children, yet research among low-income, minority groups is limited. We examined ethnic differences in the home food environment and parental practices among 706 low-income, African-American and Hispanic families of preschoolers. Questionnaires measured the access and availability of various foods in the home, parental practices, and meal consumption behaviors. Mixed model logistic regression and ANCOVA were used to assess ethnic differences. Unhealthy foods were available for both groups. Hispanic families were more likely to have fresh vegetables (AOR = 2.9, P a parts per thousand currency sign 0.001), fruit (AOR = 2.0, P = 0.004), and soda available (AOR = 1.40, P = 0.001) compared to African-Americans. African-Americans families were more likely to restrict (AOR = 0.63, P a parts per thousand currency sign 0.001) and reward with dessert (AOR = 0.69, P a parts per thousand currency sign 0.001). Hispanic families consumed more family meals together (P = 0.003) and less meals in front of the television (P a parts per thousand currency sign 0.006). Health promotion interventions should consider the behavioral differences between ethnicities. C1 [Skala, Katherine; Chuang, Ru-Jye; Hedberg, Ann-Marie; Sharma, Shreela] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Publ Hlth, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Skala, Katherine; Chuang, Ru-Jye; Evans, Alexandra; Hedberg, Ann-Marie; Sharma, Shreela] Michael & Susan Dell Ctr Hlth Living, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Dave, Jayna] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Evans, Alexandra] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Publ Hlth, Austin, TX USA. RP Skala, K (reprint author), Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Publ Hlth, 7000 Fannin Ste 2510I, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM Katherine.a.skala@Uth.tmc.edu FU NCI NIH HHS [R25 CA057712-18, #2 R25 CA57712, R25 CA057712] NR 46 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 5 U2 37 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1557-1912 J9 J IMMIGR MINOR HEALT JI J. Immigr. Minor. Health PD DEC PY 2012 VL 14 IS 6 BP 1014 EP 1022 DI 10.1007/s10903-012-9575-9 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 036MM UT WOS:000311030400015 PM 22262411 ER PT J AU Fontenot, EA Arthur, FH Nechols, JR Throne, JE AF Fontenot, Emily A. Arthur, Frank H. Nechols, James R. Throne, James E. TI Using a population growth model to simulate response of Plodia interpunctella Hubner populations to timing and frequency of insecticide treatments SO JOURNAL OF PEST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Methoprene; Pyrethrins; Model; Plodia interpunctella ID INDIANMEAL MOTH LEPIDOPTERA; STORED-PRODUCT; LOW-TEMPERATURES; 5TH INSTARS; PYRALIDAE; EFFICACY; RAISINS; GRAIN; MANAGEMENT; SURVIVAL AB Management strategies for urban and stored-product pests are chosen for a variety of attributes including cost, efficacy, and human safety. Insect growth regulators, which are low-risk alternatives to traditional neurotoxic insecticides, may be valuable management options. However, as these new products become available there is a need to determine efficacy in regard to survival after exposure and effect on population dynamics, so that overall value of these treatment methods can be determined. This study was conducted to predict the effects of methoprene and two conventional insecticides combined with methoprene on development of Plodia interpunctella Hubner populations on an optimal diet and on a suboptimal diet. Effects on populations were simulated using a modified temperature-based growth model at 24, 30, and 35 A degrees C, and the effects of timing and frequency of insecticide treatments were determined. The results of this simulation study predict rapid population growth of P. interpunctella populations on optimal and suboptimal diets, and that single applications of a contact insecticide or aerosol may not be sufficient to manage P. interpunctella populations over a 6-month period. C1 [Arthur, Frank H.; Throne, James E.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Fontenot, Emily A.] Joint FAO IAEA Div Nucl Techn Food & Agr IAEA, Insect Pest Control Lab, A-1400 Vienna, Austria. [Nechols, James R.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Arthur, FH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM frank.arthur@ars.usda.gov FU USDA/CSREES [00-511-01-9674] FX We thank J. A. Johnson for reviewing a draft of this manuscript prior to submission. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U. S. Department of Agriculture or by Kansas State University. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. This study was supported by the USDA/CSREES Risk Avoidance and Mitigation Program Award No. 00-511-01-9674. This paper is contribution no. 12-101-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 12 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1612-4758 J9 J PEST SCI JI J. Pest Sci. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 85 IS 4 BP 469 EP 476 DI 10.1007/s10340-012-0436-z PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 042XC UT WOS:000311504200008 ER PT J AU Bakota, EL Winkler-Moser, JK Palmquist, DE AF Bakota, Erica L. Winkler-Moser, Jill K. Palmquist, Debra E. TI Solid Fat Content as a Substitute for Total Polar Compound Analysis in Edible Oils SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Oxidative stability; Spectroscopy; Fats and oils ID TIME-DOMAIN NMR; FRYING OILS; PHASE EXTRACTION; ROOM ODOR; QUALITY; ANTIOXIDANTS AB The solid fat contents (SFC) of heated edible oil samples were measured and found to correlate positively with total polar compounds (TPC) and inversely with triglyceride concentration. Traditional methods for determination of TPC require a laboratory setting and are time and solvent intensive. Therefore, SFC analysis represents a viable user-friendly alternative to measuring total polar components in environments where low-resolution NMR may already be in use, for example, in quality assurance environments. The slope of SFC measurements versus time was also found to correlate with the oxidative stability index of the edible oils studied. C1 [Bakota, Erica L.; Palmquist, Debra E.] ARS, Midwest Area, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Bakota, EL (reprint author), ARS, Midwest Area, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N,Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Erica.Bakota@ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 26 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0003-021X J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 89 IS 12 BP 2135 EP 2142 DI 10.1007/s11746-012-2121-z PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 041KJ UT WOS:000311400400003 ER PT J AU Bantchev, GB Biresaw, G AF Bantchev, Grigor B. Biresaw, Girma TI Film-Forming Properties of Blends of High-Oleic Sunflower Oil with Polyalkyl Glycol SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Elastohydrodynamic film thickness; Bio-based lubricant; Polyalkylglycol; PAG; Blends; Pressure-viscosity coefficient; Pressure; Density; Viscosity scaling law ID HIGH-PRESSURE; VISCOSITY MEASUREMENT; SUPERCOOLED LIQUIDS; TEMPERATURE; DYNAMICS; BEHAVIOR; WAVES AB The viscosity, density, and elastohydrodynamic film thicknesses of oil-soluble polyalkyl glycols (PAG), high oleic sunflower oil (HOSuO), and their 50/50 (wt.%) blends were investigated. The viscosity and density of the blends were found to be predictable from the corresponding neat oil properties using simple mixing rules. Pressure-viscosity coefficients (PVC) of HOSuO, the two PAGs, and the two 50 wt% HOSuO/50 wt% PAG blends were calculated from measured film thickness data using the Hamrock-Dowson method and compared to values estimated from literature data. Literature pressure-density and viscosity-temperature data for oils with high-oleic acid group content were analyzed using the Tait and Casalini et al. models. Viscosity versus pressure data obtained from these analyses was used to calculate PVC using the Barus and Bair et al. models. The PVC values calculated from the literature data following this procedure showed reasonable agreement with that from film thickness data from this work. C1 [Bantchev, Grigor B.; Biresaw, Girma] ARS, Biooils Res Unit, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Bantchev, GB (reprint author), ARS, Biooils Res Unit, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM grigor.bantchev@ars.usda.gov OI Bantchev, Grigor/0000-0003-2790-5195 NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0003-021X EI 1558-9331 J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 89 IS 12 BP 2227 EP 2235 DI 10.1007/s11746-012-2120-0 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 041KJ UT WOS:000311400400011 ER PT J AU Compton, DL Laszlo, JA Appell, M Vermillion, KE Evans, KO AF Compton, David L. Laszlo, Joseph A. Appell, Michael Vermillion, Karl E. Evans, Kervin O. TI Influence of Fatty Acid Desaturation on Spontaneous Acyl Migration in 2-Monoacylglycerols SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Activation energy; Acyl migration; Kinetics; 2-Monoacylglycerol; Structured lipids ID STRUCTURED LIPIDS; KINETICS; ETHANOLYSIS; GLYCERIDES; DEPENDENCE; LIPASE; OIL AB The effect of desaturation from the C9 to the C15 carbon of 2-monoacylglycerol (2-MAG) fatty acids on spontaneous acyl migration is described. Three 2-MAG species, 2-monooleoylglycerol (C18:1 cis-Delta 9), 2-monolinoleoylglycerol (C18:2 cis-Delta 9,12), and 2-monolinolenoylglycerol (C18:3 cis-Delta 9,12,15) were synthesized by lipase-catalyzed ethanolysis of their respective triacylglycerols and isolated in > 60 % yield and at 2-MAG purities of > 95 % relative to 1-monoacylglycerol (1-MAG). H-1-NMR spectroscopy was used to monitor the spontaneous acyl migration of the 2-MAG species over a temperature range from 20 to 80 A degrees C. The relative energies of activation calculated from the Arrhenius relationships of the 2-MAG acyl migration rate constants were 73.3, 68.0, and 72.9 kJ mol(-1) for the three 2-MAG species, respectively. Density functional calculations performed using the B3LYP functional at the 6-31+G* basis set on the three ketal ring intermediate of the three 2-MAG species followed a similar trend with a lack of relative energetic preference associated with the degree of desaturation. The kinetically determined relative activation energies were approximately twofold higher than the theoretical relative Gibbs free energies of the intermediates, suggesting that other factors influence acyl migration. In general, increasing desaturation after the C9 carbon of 2-MAG fatty acids had no appreciable effect on acyl migration rates. C1 [Compton, David L.; Laszlo, Joseph A.; Evans, Kervin O.] ARS, Renewable Prod Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Appell, Michael] ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Vermillion, Karl E.] ARS, Funct Foods Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Compton, DL (reprint author), ARS, Renewable Prod Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM david.compton@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0003-021X J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 89 IS 12 BP 2259 EP 2267 DI 10.1007/s11746-012-2113-z PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 041KJ UT WOS:000311400400015 ER PT J AU Andreasen, AM Stewart, KM Longland, WS Beckmann, JP Forister, ML AF Andreasen, Alyson M. Stewart, Kelley M. Longland, William S. Beckmann, Jon P. Forister, Matthew L. TI Identification of source-sink dynamics in mountain lions of the Great Basin SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE geneflow; Great Basin; metapopulation; microsatellite; population structure; Puma concolor; source-sink dynamics ID ALLELE FREQUENCY DATA; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; GENE FLOW; COMPUTER-PROGRAM; METAPOPULATION DYNAMICS; CARNIVORE MANAGEMENT; MICROSATELLITE LOCI; COUGAR POPULATIONS; HUNTED POPULATION AB Natural and anthropogenic boundaries have been shown to affect population dynamics and population structure for many species with movement patterns at the landscape level. Understanding population boundaries and movement rates in the field for species that are cryptic and occur at low densities is often extremely difficult and logistically prohibitive; however genetic techniques may offer insights that have previously been unattainable. We analysed thirteen microsatellite loci for 739 mountain lions (Puma concolor) using muscle tissue samples from individuals in the Great Basin throughout Nevada and the Sierra Nevada mountain range to test the hypothesis that heterogeneous hunting pressure results in source-sink dynamics at the landscape scale. We used a combination of non-spatial and spatial model-based Bayesian clustering methods to identify genetic populations. We then used a recently developed Bayesian multilocus genotyping method to estimate asymmetrical rates of contemporary movement between those subpopulations and to identify source and sink populations. We identified two populations at the highest level of genetic structuring with a total of five subpopulations in the Great Basin of Nevada and the Sierra Nevada range. Our results suggest that source-sink dynamics occur at landscape scales for wide-ranging species, such as mountain lions, and that source populations may be those that are under relatively less hunting pressure and that occupy refugia. C1 [Andreasen, Alyson M.] Univ Nevada, Program Ecol Evolut & Conservat Biol, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Stewart, Kelley M.] Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Reno, NV 89503 USA. [Longland, William S.] Univ Nevada, USDA, Agr Res Serv, Reno, NV 89512 USA. [Beckmann, Jon P.] Wildlife Conservat Soc, N Amer Program, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. [Forister, Matthew L.] Univ Nevada, Dept Biol, Reno, NV 89557 USA. RP Andreasen, AM (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Program Ecol Evolut & Conservat Biol, 1664 N Virginia St,Stop 314, Reno, NV 89557 USA. EM amandrea@unr.edu FU Wildlife Conservation Society; Nevada Wildlife Commissioners Heritage Fund; Nevada Agricultural Experiment Station; Nevada Division of State Lands Lake Tahoe License Plate Grant; Nevada Bighorns Unlimited; Carson Valley Chukar Club; Northern Nevada Chapter of the Safari Club; Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences Department; Biology Department; Graduate Student Association; program of Ecology, Evolution and Conservation Biology at the University of Nevada, Reno FX We thank the Nevada Department of Wildlife (NDOW) for providing us with tissue samples and location data of harvested mountain lions. Carl Lackey and Russell Woolstenhulme (NDOW) provided helpful information regarding mountain lion harvest trends throughout Nevada and were invaluable in making tissue samples available. We thank the individuals who collected samples in California including personnel from the US Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services and the California Department of Fish and Game. We are grateful to Dr. Mary Peacock for providing us laboratory facilities at the Conservation Genetics Center and advice on genetic analysis. We are grateful to V. Kirchoff and M. Robinson for providing technical advice on microsatellite analyses. We thank B. Pierce for helpful discussions regarding source-sink dynamics of mountain lions. We thank O. Gaggiotti for kindly discussing interpretation of results from the program BIMR and statistical concerns. We thank J. Courtwright and J. Willers who assisted with sample preparation. We thank S. Shea and E. Dalen for discussions regarding factors that influence mountain lion harvest throughout Nevada. We thank S. Shea for comments on earlier versions of the manuscript. Earlier versions of this manuscript were also greatly improved by the comments of H. Robison, D. Stoner, C. Schroeder and S. Morano and three anonymous reviewers. Financial support for this study was provided by the Wildlife Conservation Society, Nevada Wildlife Commissioners Heritage Fund, Nevada Agricultural Experiment Station, Nevada Division of State Lands Lake Tahoe License Plate Grant, Nevada Bighorns Unlimited, Carson Valley Chukar Club and the Northern Nevada Chapter of the Safari Club. The Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences Department, the Biology Department, the Graduate Student Association and the program of Ecology, Evolution and Conservation Biology at the University of Nevada, Reno also provided funding. NR 69 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 5 U2 131 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0962-1083 J9 MOL ECOL JI Mol. Ecol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 21 IS 23 BP 5689 EP 5701 DI 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2012.05740.x PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 041JV UT WOS:000311399000008 PM 22934825 ER PT J AU Low, C Scheffer, SJ Lewis, ML Gates, MW AF Low, Candace Scheffer, Sonja J. Lewis, Matthew L. Gates, Michael W. TI The relationship between variable host grouping and functional responses among parasitoids of Antispila nysaefoliella (Lepidoptera: Heliozelidae) SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE community ecology; dilution effect; DNA barcoding; field survey; functional response; life history strategy; mtDNA COI ID OPTIMAL CLUTCH SIZE; LEAF-MINING MOTH; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; SELFISH HERD; MORTALITY HYPOTHESIS; APHYTIS-LINGNANENSIS; DISCRETE GENERATIONS; SEISMIC BEHAVIORS; FORAGING BEHAVIOR; MOLECULAR METHODS AB Our study investigated the importance of variability in the parasitoid community as a source of selection on host group size using a field population of the tupelo leafminer, Antispila nysaefoliella Clemens, which specializes on tupelo, Nyssa sylvatica Marsh. Larvae were collected from leaves with variable numbers of larvae and screened for parasitism using polymerase chain reaction of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I using markers designed specifically for amplifying parasitoid DNA while excluding host DNA. This method of selective PCR was effective for detecting the presence and identifying species of immature stages of three hymenopteran superfamilies: Chalcidoidea, Ichneumonoidea and Platygastroidea, which represented 83.4%, 16.0% and 0.6% of the total detectable parasitism, respectively. Our resulting sequences were then calibrated with sequences from identified adult parasitoids that had been either reared or field-captured. A cluster analysis revealed 10 distinct clades that showed differences in attack patterns with respect to host traits and season. Total parasitism followed an inverse density-dependent or density-independent pattern with respect to host density (number per leaf). However, when parasitoid taxa were considered separately, one clade, which could be a cryptic species of Pnigalio maculipes Crawford (Chalcidoidea: Eulophidae), was found to increase its per leaf attack rate with host density. Our results suggest that parasitoid community composition and differences among species in their attack strategies can play a large role in determining the adaptive advantage of host grouping. C1 [Low, Candace] Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Scheffer, Sonja J.; Lewis, Matthew L.; Gates, Michael W.] USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Gates, Michael W.] USDA ARS, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Systemat Entomol Lab, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Low, C (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM cl754@cornell.edu FU U.S. National Science Foundation [DBI-0904395, DEB-0608392] FX We are extremely grateful to John Endler, Roger Nisbet and Todd Oakley for their support and initial discussions on this project; Blandy Experimental Farm, Al Uy and Tom Starmer for logistical help and laboratory space; and Stonebridge Farm for access to their property. The manuscript was improved greatly by suggestions from Rosemary Gillespie and three anonymous reviewers. This project was supported by U.S. National Science Foundation Grants, DBI-0904395 and DEB-0608392, both awarded to C. L. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 76 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 20 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0962-1083 EI 1365-294X J9 MOL ECOL JI Mol. Ecol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 21 IS 23 BP 5892 EP 5904 DI 10.1111/mec.12061 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 041JV UT WOS:000311399000020 PM 23094653 ER PT J AU Dong, LL Huo, NX Wang, Y Deal, K Luo, MC Wang, DW Anderson, OD Gu, YQ AF Dong, Lingli Huo, Naxin Wang, Yi Deal, Karin Luo, Ming-Cheng Wang, Daowen Anderson, Olin D. Gu, Yong Qiang TI Exploring the diploid wheat ancestral A genome through sequence comparison at the high-molecular-weight glutenin locus region SO MOLECULAR GENETICS AND GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE T. urartu; Wheat evolution; Divergence time; Polyploidization; Molecular markers ID LOW-COPY DNA; HEXAPLOID WHEAT; POLYPLOID WHEAT; TRITICUM-MONOCOCCUM; ORTHOLOGOUS REGIONS; AEGILOPS-SPELTOIDES; A-GENOME; B GENOME; EVOLUTION; GENE AB The polyploid nature of hexaploid wheat (T. aestivum, AABBDD) often represents a great challenge in various aspects of research including genetic mapping, map-based cloning of important genes, and sequencing and accurately assembly of its genome. To explore the utility of ancestral diploid species of polyploid wheat, sequence variation of T. urartu (A(u)A(u)) was analyzed by comparing its 277-kb large genomic region carrying the important Glu-1 locus with the homologous regions from the A genomes of the diploid T. monococcum (A(m)A(m)), tetraploid T. turgidum (AABB), and hexaploid T. aestivum (AABBDD). Our results revealed that in addition to a high degree of the gene collinearity, nested retroelement structures were also considerably conserved among the A(u) genome and the A genomes in polyploid wheats, suggesting that the majority of the repetitive sequences in the A genomes of polyploid wheats originated from the diploid A(u) genome. The difference in the compared region between A(u) and A is mainly caused by four differential TE insertion and two deletion events between these genomes. The estimated divergence time of A genomes calculated on nucleotide substitution rate in both shared TEs and collinear genes further supports the closer evolutionary relationship of A to A(u) than to A(m). The structure conservation in the repetitive regions promoted us to develop repeat junction markers based on the A(u) sequence for mapping the A genome in hexaploid wheat. Eighty percent of these repeat junction markers were successfully mapped to the corresponding region in hexaploid wheat, suggesting that T. urartu could serve as a useful resource for developing molecular markers for genetic and breeding studies in hexaploid wheat. C1 [Dong, Lingli; Huo, Naxin; Wang, Yi; Anderson, Olin D.; Gu, Yong Qiang] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Dong, Lingli; Huo, Naxin; Wang, Yi; Deal, Karin; Luo, Ming-Cheng] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Wang, Daowen] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Genet & Dev Biol, State Key Lab Plant Cell & Chromosome Engn, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. RP Gu, YQ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM yong.gu@ars.usda.gov RI Luo, Ming-Cheng/C-5600-2011; OI wang, dao wen/0000-0002-6230-8735 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service grant CRIS [53250221000-011]; National Science Foundation Plant Genome Research Program Cooperative Agreement [IOS 0822100] FX The authors are grateful to Dr. Jan Dvorak for providing the BAC filters and clones and Devin Coleman-Derr and Humphrey Wanjugi for assistance in characterization and sequencing of BAC clones. Sequencing of the BAC clones was supported by U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service grant CRIS 53250221000-011. This work is also supported in part by National Science Foundation Plant Genome Research Program Cooperative Agreement IOS 0822100. NR 44 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 17 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1617-4615 J9 MOL GENET GENOMICS JI Mol. Genet. Genomics PD DEC PY 2012 VL 287 IS 11-12 BP 855 EP 866 DI 10.1007/s00438-012-0721-9 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 043IS UT WOS:000311536900003 PM 23052831 ER PT J AU Wang, XW Wadl, PA Wood-Jones, A Windham, G Trigiano, RN Scruggs, M Pilgrim, C Baird, R AF Wang, Xinwang Wadl, Phillip A. Wood-Jones, Alicia Windham, Gary Trigiano, Robert N. Scruggs, Mary Pilgrim, Candace Baird, Richard TI Characterization of Expressed Sequence Tag-Derived Simple Sequence Repeat Markers for Aspergillus flavus: Emphasis on Variability of Isolates from the Southern United States SO MYCOPATHOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Aspergillus flavus; Genetic variability; EST-SSR; Haploid diversity; Host difference; Aflatoxin ID RANDOM AMPLIFIED MICROSATELLITES; GENETIC-VARIATION; AFLATOXIN BIOSYNTHESIS; VEGETATIVE COMPATIBILITY; STRAINS; POPULATION; DIVERSITY; ORYZAE; NOMIUS; IDENTIFICATION AB Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were developed from Aspergillus flavus expressed sequence tag (EST) database to conduct an analysis of genetic relationships of Aspergillus isolates from numerous host species and geographical regions, but primarily from the United States. Twenty-nine primers were designed from 362 tri-nucleotide EST-SSR sequences. Eighteen polymorphic loci were used to genotype 96 Aspergillus species isolates. The number of alleles detected per locus ranged from 2 to 24 with a mean of 8.2 alleles. Haploid diversity ranged from 0.28 to 0.91. Genetic distance matrix was used to perform principal coordinates analysis (PCA) and to generate dendrograms using unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA). Two principal coordinates explained more than 75 % of the total variation among the isolates. One clade was identified for A. flavus isolates (n = 87) with the other Aspergillus species (n = 7) using PCA, but five distinct clusters were present when the others taxa were excluded from the analysis. Six groups were noted when the EST-SSR data were compared using UPGMA. However, the latter PCA or UPGMA comparison resulted in no direct associations with host species, geographical region or aflatoxin production. Furthermore, there was no direct correlation to visible morphological features such as sclerotial types. The isolates from Mississippi Delta region, which contained the largest percentage of isolates, did not show any unusual clustering except for isolates K32, K55, and 199. Further studies of these three isolates are warranted to evaluate their pathogenicity, aflatoxin production potential, additional gene sequences (e.g., RPB2), and morphological comparisons. C1 [Wang, Xinwang] Texas A&M Univ, Texas AgriLife Res & Extens Ctr, Dept Hort Sci, Dallas, TX 75252 USA. [Wadl, Phillip A.; Trigiano, Robert N.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Windham, Gary] Mississippi State Univ, USDA ARS CHPRRU, Starkville, MS 39762 USA. RP Wang, XW (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Texas AgriLife Res & Extens Ctr, Dept Hort Sci, Dallas, TX 75252 USA. EM xw-wang@tamu.edu; RBaird@plantpath.msstate.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture [58-6404-7-213] FX This work was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture Grant # 58-6404-7-213. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by Mississippi State University, Texas A&M University, the University of Tennessee, or the United States Department of Agriculture. NR 52 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0301-486X J9 MYCOPATHOLOGIA JI Mycopathologia PD DEC PY 2012 VL 174 IS 5-6 BP 371 EP 382 DI 10.1007/s11046-012-9573-4 PG 12 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 035ZO UT WOS:000310994100004 PM 22911544 ER PT J AU Demirozer, O Tyler-Julian, K Funderburk, J Leppla, N Reitz, S AF Demirozer, Ozan Tyler-Julian, Kara Funderburk, Joe Leppla, Norm Reitz, Stuart TI Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) integrated pest management programs for fruiting vegetables in Florida SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE thrips; integrated pest management; Frankliniella occidentalis; fruiting vegetables; tospovirus ID WESTERN FLOWER THRIPS; TOMATO SPOTTED WILT; ORIUS-INSIDIOSUS HETEROPTERA; FIELD-GROWN TOMATOES; RESISTANCE IN-FIELD; INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE; THYSANOPTERA THRIPIDAE; PLANT-DISTRIBUTION; NATURAL ENEMIES; VIRUS AB BACKGROUND: The spread of the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), resulted in the worldwide destabilization of established integrated pest management programs for many crops. Efforts to control the pest and the thrips-vectored tospoviruses with calendar applications of broad-spectrum insecticides have been unsuccessful. The result has been a classic 3-R situation: resistance to numerous insecticides; resurgence of the western flower thrips populations as a result of natural predators and native competitor thrips being eliminated; replacement by various other pests. This paper reports on integrated pest management programs for fruiting vegetables that are effective, economical, ecologically sound and sustainable. RESULTS: The components include the following: define pest status (economic thresholds); increase biotic resistance (natural enemies and competition); integrate preventive and therapeutic tactics (scouting, ultraviolet-reflective technologies, biological control, compatible insecticides, companion plants and fertility); vertically integrate the programs with other pests; continually communicate latest science-based management tactics with end-users. CONCLUSION: These programs have been widely implemented in Florida and have significantly improved the management of western flower thrips and thrips-transmitted viruses. Copyright (C) 2012 Society of Chemical Industry C1 [Demirozer, Ozan] Suleyman Demirel Univ, Dept Plant Protect, Fac Agr, TR-32260 Isparta, Turkey. [Tyler-Julian, Kara; Funderburk, Joe] Univ Florida, Quincy, FL USA. [Leppla, Norm] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Reitz, Stuart] ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Tallahassee, FL USA. [Reitz, Stuart] Oregon State Univ, Ontario, OR USA. RP Demirozer, O (reprint author), Suleyman Demirel Univ, Dept Plant Protect, Fac Agr, TR-32260 Isparta, Turkey. EM ozandemirozer@sdu.edu.tr NR 78 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 6 U2 77 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1526-498X J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 68 IS 12 BP 1537 EP 1545 DI 10.1002/ps.3389 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA 040DQ UT WOS:000311301400002 PM 23109226 ER PT J AU Li, SZ Jin, XX Chen, J AF Li, Shezeng Jin, Xixuan Chen, Jian TI Effects of piperidine and piperideine alkaloids from the venom of red imported fire ants, Solenopsis invicta Buren, on Pythium ultimum Trow growth in vitro and the application of piperideine alkaloids to control cucumber damping-off in the greenhouse SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE piperidines; piperideines; venom alkaloids; Pythium ultimum; red imported fire ant ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; PLANT-DISEASES; TRICHODERMA; PREEMERGENCE; GERMINATION; SPORANGIUM; MECHANISMS; PROTECTION; PATHOGENS; COTTON AB BACKGROUND: Pythium ultimum is a plant pathogen that causes significant yield losses on many economically important crops. Chemical treatment has been used for disease control. In searching for alternatives, venom piperidine and piperideine alkaloids from red imported fire ants were tested against P. ultimum in vitro, and piperideines were employed to control cucumber damping-off in the greenhouse as drench treatments. Results Piperidine and piperideine alkaloids of the red imported fire ant significantly inhibited mycelium growth of P. ultimum. Piperidine alkaloids were stable at both room and elevated temperatures. The inhibitory activity positively correlated with the concentrations of piperidine alkaloids in the medium, and the EC50 = 17.0 mu g ml-1. Germination of sporangia of P. ultimum was negatively correlated with the concentrations of piperidine alkaloids in the medium, and the EC50 = 12.3 mu g ml-1. The piperideine alkaloid drenching treatment significantly improved seedling emergence and seedling height of cucumber. CONCLUSION: This is the first report describing the use of venom alkaloids from the red imported fire ant to inhibit P. ultimum in the laboratory and the application of piperideine alkaloids to control damping-off disease caused by P. ultimum in the greenhouse. These findings may lead to the development of a new group of fungicides. Copyright (C) 2012 Society of Chemical Industry C1 [Jin, Xixuan; Chen, Jian] USDA ARS MSA, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, Natl Biol Control Lab, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Li, Shezeng] Hebei Acad Agr & Forestry Sci, Inst Plant Protect, Baoding, Hebei Province, Peoples R China. RP Jin, XX (reprint author), USDA ARS MSA, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, Natl Biol Control Lab, 59 Lee Rd,POB 67, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM xixuan.jin@ars.usda.gov NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 24 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1526-498X J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 68 IS 12 BP 1546 EP 1552 DI 10.1002/ps.3337 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA 040DQ UT WOS:000311301400003 PM 22685059 ER PT J AU Suckling, DM Stringer, LD Corn, JE Bunn, B El-Sayed, AM Vander Meer, RK AF Suckling, David Maxwell Stringer, Lloyd D. Corn, Joshua E. Bunn, Barry El-Sayed, Ashraf M. Vander Meer, Robert K. TI Aerosol delivery of trail pheromone disrupts the foraging of the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE red imported fire ant; ant; trail pheromone; trail disruption; invasive species; Z; E-a-farnesene; Solenopsis invicta; pheromone delivery ID INVASIVE ARGENTINE ANT; LEAF-CUTTING ANT; COMMUNICATION; LEPIDOPTERA; HYMENOPTERA; FORMICIDAE; MOTHS; FIELD; PYRALIDAE; PUFFERS AB BACKGROUND: The fire ant, Solenopsis invicta, is one of the most aggressive and invasive species in the world. The trail pheromone Z,E-a-farnesene (91% purity) was prepared, and disruption of worker trail orientation was tested using an ethanol-based aerosol formulation presenting a single puff of this compound by airbrush and compressed air. Trail-following behaviour was recorded by overhead webcam and ants digitised before and after presentation of the aerosol treatment at four rates (1.6, 16, 160 and 1600 ng cm-2). RESULTS: Ants preferred 110 ng cm-1 over 11, 1.1 and 0.11 ng cm-1 for trail following. Within seconds of presentation of 1600 ng cm-2, the highest dose tested, trail disruption was observed. Disruption was evident as reduced arrival success and reduction in the trail integrity statistic (r2), as well as increased deviation from the trail (deg). The distribution of walking track angles was also flattened. CONCLUSIONS: The feasibility of using aerosol for delivery of trail pheromone was demonstrated, but the need for high purity combined with the difficulty of commercial supply makes this technique impractical. However, the commercial production of Z,E-a-farnesene of high purity by industrial biotechnology or from (E)-nerolidol may be possible in future, which would facilitate further development of trail pheromone disruption of S. invicta. Copyright (C) 2012 Society of Chemical Industry C1 [Suckling, David Maxwell; Stringer, Lloyd D.; Corn, Joshua E.; El-Sayed, Ashraf M.] New Zealand Inst Plant & Food Res, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand. [Bunn, Barry] New Zealand Inst Plant & Food Res, Palmerston North, New Zealand. [Vander Meer, Robert K.] ARS, USDA, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Suckling, DM (reprint author), New Zealand Inst Plant & Food Res, PB 4704, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand. EM max.suckling@plantandfood.co.nz RI Suckling, David/F-7005-2010; OI Suckling, David/0000-0001-7216-9348; Stringer, Lloyd/0000-0002-6345-0768 FU USDA Agricultural Research Service (Gainesville); New Zealand Ministry for Science and Innovation FX Thanks to USDA Agricultural Research Service (Gainesville) for supporting this work, which was also funded by the New Zealand Ministry for Science and Innovation ('Better Border Biosecurity', www.b3nz.org). Thanks also to Warrick J Allen and Andrew Twidle for solvent extraction of the apples, and to Michele Hosack for processing samples used in estimating release rates. The authors are also grateful to Dr Alisdair Noble for statistical advice, and to Tom Sullivan for building the solenoid timer. NR 38 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 40 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1526-498X J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 68 IS 12 BP 1572 EP 1578 DI 10.1002/ps.3349 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA 040DQ UT WOS:000311301400006 PM 22815260 ER PT J AU Yan, L Liu, SW Zhao, SY Kang, YL Wang, DX Gu, TW Xin, ZG Xia, GM Huang, YH AF Yan, Li Liu, Shuwei Zhao, Shuangyi Kang, Yali Wang, Duoxiang Gu, Tongwei Xin, Zhanguo Xia, Guangmin Huang, Yinghua TI Identification of differentially expressed genes in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) brown midrib mutants SO PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM LA English DT Article ID CINNAMYL ALCOHOL-DEHYDROGENASE; PHENYLALANINE AMMONIA-LYASE; ACID O-METHYLTRANSFERASE; CELL-WALL BIOSYNTHESIS; DOWN-REGULATION; LIGNIN COMPOSITION; MAIZE; MANIPULATION; MUTATION; DIGESTIBILITY AB Sorghum, a species able to produce a high yield of biomass and tolerate both drought and poor soil fertility, is considered to be a potential bioenergy crop candidate. The reduced lignin content characteristic of brown midrib (bmr) mutants improves the efficiency of bioethanol conversion from biomass. Suppression subtractive hybridization combined with cDNA microarray profiling was performed to characterize differential gene expression in a set of 13 bmr mutants, which accumulate significantly less lignin than the wild-type plant BTx623. Among the 153 differentially expressed genes identified, 43 were upregulated and 110 downregulated in the mutants. A semi-quantitative RTPCR analysis applied to 12 of these genes largely validated the microarray analysis data. The transcript abundance of genes encoding l-phenylalanine ammonia lyase and cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase was less in the mutants than in the wild type, consistent with the expectation that both enzymes are associated with lignin synthesis. However, the gene responsible for the lignin synthesis enzyme cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase was upregulated in the mutants, indicating that the production of monolignol from l-phenylalanine may involve more than one pathway. The identity of the differentially expressed genes could be useful for breeding sorghum with improved efficiency of bioethanol conversion from lignocellulosic biomass. C1 [Yan, Li; Liu, Shuwei; Zhao, Shuangyi; Kang, Yali; Wang, Duoxiang; Gu, Tongwei; Xia, Guangmin] Shandong Univ, Sch Life Sci, Minist Educ, Key Lab Plant Cell Engn & Germplasm Innovat, Jinan 250100, Peoples R China. [Yan, Li; Zhao, Shuangyi; Huang, Yinghua] ARS, USDA, Plant Sci Res Lab, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. [Xin, Zhanguo] ARS, Plant Stress & Germplasm Dev Unit, USDA, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. RP Xia, GM (reprint author), Shandong Univ, Sch Life Sci, Minist Educ, Key Lab Plant Cell Engn & Germplasm Innovat, Jinan 250100, Peoples R China. EM xiagm@sdu.edu.cn; yinghua.huang@ars.usda.gov OI Xin, Zhanguo/0000-0003-1471-7785 FU US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service; National Key Technology R&D Program of China [2009BADA7B01] FX This research was funded by the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service and the National Key Technology R&D Program of China (2009BADA7B01). The authors thank Ms. Angie Phillips for her excellent technical support. The US Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability and, where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs). Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA's TARGET Center at (202)720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S. W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, or call (800)795-3272 (voice) or (202)720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 36 TC 3 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 27 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0031-9317 EI 1399-3054 J9 PHYSIOL PLANTARUM JI Physiol. Plant. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 146 IS 4 BP 375 EP 387 DI 10.1111/j.1399-3054.2012.01646.x PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 035PU UT WOS:000310960700001 PM 22578303 ER PT J AU Vittal, R Haudenshield, JS Hartman, GL AF Vittal, R. Haudenshield, J. S. Hartman, G. L. TI A Multiplexed Immunofluorescence Method Identifies Phakopsora pachyrhizi Urediniospores and Determines Their Viability SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PLASMON RESONANCE IMMUNOSENSOR; SOYBEAN RUST; PROPIDIUM IODIDE; CALCOFLUOR WHITE; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; NUCLEAR MARKER; UNITED-STATES; SPORES; PATHOGEN; FUN-1 AB Soybean rust, caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi, occurs concomitantly wherever soybean is grown in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. After reports of its first occurrence in Brazil in 2001 and the continental United States in 2004, research on the disease and its pathogen has greatly increased. One area of research has focused on capturing urediniospores. primarily by rain collection or wind traps, and detecting them either by microscopic observations or by immunological or molecular techniques. This system of detection has been touted for use as a potential warning system to recommend early applications of fungicides. One shortcoming of the method has been an inability to determine whether the spores are viable. Our study developed a method to detect viable P pachyrhizi urediniospores using, an immunofluorescence assay combined with propidium iodide (PI) staining. Antibodies reacted to P. pachyrhizi and other Phakopsora spp. but did not react with other common soybean pathogens or most other rust fungi tested, based on an indirect immunofluorescence assay using fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled secondary antibodies. Two vital staining techniques were used to assess viability of P pachyrhizi urediniospores: one combined carboxy fluorescein diacetate (CFDA) and PI, and the other utilized (2-chloro-4-[2,3-dihydro-3-methyl-(benzo-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-methylidene]-1-phenylquinolinium iodide] (FUN 1). Using the CFDA-PI method, viable spores stained green with CFDA and nonviable spores counterstained red with PI. Using the FUN I method, cylindrical intravacuolar structures were induced to form within metabolically active urediniospores, causing them to fluoresce bright red to reddish-orange, whereas dead spores, with no metabolic activity, had an extremely diffused, faint fluorescence. An immunofluorescence technique in combination with PI counterstaining was developed to specifically detect viable P. pachyrhizi urediniospores. The method is rapid and reliable, with a potential for application in forecasting soybean rust based on the detection of viable urediniospores. C1 [Vittal, R.; Hartman, G. L.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Haudenshield, J. S.; Hartman, G. L.] ARS, USDA, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Hartman, GL (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM ghartman@illinois.edu FU Soybean Diseases Biotechnology Center at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Council on Food and Agricultural Research; United Soybean Board FX We thank the Soybean Diseases Biotechnology Center at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Council on Food and Agricultural Research, and the United Soybean Board for financial support; the Immunological Resource Center at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign for assistance with the antibody production; the U.S. National Fungal Collections for providing P. gossypii (BPI 025900) and P. zizyphi (BPI 877333) samples; L. Szabo for providing Puccinia coronata, P graminis, and P triticina samples; C. Bradley, D. Eastburn, J. F. Helmet), and J. Pataky for providing P. striiformis, P. sorghii, Phakopsora meibomiae, and Puccinia polysora samples, respectively; H.-C. Yang for providing a Colletotrichum destructivum isolate: and the members of the Laboratory for Soybean Disease Research at the University of Illinois for providing other soybean pathogens used in this study. Trade and manufacturers names are necessary to report factually on available data; however, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) neither guarantees nor warrants the standard of the product, and the use of the name by USDA implies no approval of the product to the exclusion of others that may also be suitable. NR 52 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 29 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD DEC PY 2012 VL 102 IS 12 BP 1143 EP 1152 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-02-12-0040-R PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 043FL UT WOS:000311528200004 PM 22894915 ER PT J AU Loconsole, G Onelge, N Potere, O Giampetruzzi, A Bozan, O Satar, S De Stradis, A Savino, V Yokomi, RK Saponari, M AF Loconsole, G. Oenelge, N. Potere, O. Giampetruzzi, A. Bozan, O. Satar, S. De Stradis, A. Savino, V. Yokomi, R. K. Saponari, M. TI Identification and Characterization of Citrus yellow vein clearing virus, A Putative New Member of the Genus Mandarivirus SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STRAND RNA VIRUSES; GENOME ORGANIZATION; RINGSPOT VIRUS; PLANT-VIRUSES; SEQUENCE; PROTEINS; CONSERVATION; POTEXVIRUSES; PHYLOGENY; MOVEMENT AB Molecular features and genomic organization were determined for Citrus yellow vein clearing virus (CYVCV), the putative viral causal agent of yellow vein clearing disease of lemon trees, reported in Pakistan, India, and more recently in Turkey and China. CYVCV isolate Y1 from Adana, Turkey, was used for deep sequencing analysis of the virus-induced small RNA fractions and for mechanical and graft inoculation of herbaceous and citrus indicator plants. A polyclonal antiserum was developed from CYVCV-Y1 purified from Phaseolus vulgaris and used in western blot assays to characterize the coat protein of CYVCV-Y1 and determine its serological relationship with related viruses. Contigs assembled from the Illumina sequenced short reads were used to construct the whole genome of Citrus yellow vein clearing virus (CYVCV), consisting in a positive-sense RNA of 7,529 nucleotides and containing six predicted open reading frames. The CYVCV genome organization and size resembled that of flexiviruses, and search for sequence homologies revealed that Indian citrus ringspot virus (ICRSV) (Mandarivirus, Alpha-flexiviridae) is the most closely related virus. However, CYVCV had an overall nucleotide sequence identity of =74% with ICRSV. Although the two viruses were similar with regard to genome organization, viral particles, and herbaceous host range, CYVCV caused different symptoms in citrus and was serologically distinct from ICRSV. Primer pairs were designed and used to detect the virus by conventional and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction on yellow vein clearing symptomatic field trees as well as graft- and mechanically inoculated host plants. Collectively, these data suggest that CYVCV is the causal agent of yellow vein clearing disease and represents a new species in the genus Mandarivirus. C1 [De Stradis, A.; Saponari, M.] UOS Bari, CNR, Ist Virol Vegetale, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Yokomi, R. K.] ARS, USDA, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Oenelge, N.; Bozan, O.; Satar, S.] Cukurova Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Plant Protect, TR-01330 Balcali, Turkey. [Loconsole, G.; Potere, O.; Giampetruzzi, A.; Savino, V.] Univ Bari Aldo Moro, Dipartimento Sci Suolo Pianta & Alimenti, I-70126 Bari, Italy. RP Saponari, M (reprint author), UOS Bari, CNR, Ist Virol Vegetale, Via Amendola 165-A, I-70126 Bari, Italy. EM m.saponari@ba.ivv.cnr.it RI DE STRADIS, ANGELO/B-2969-2013; OI Savino, Vito Nicola/0000-0002-8475-7777; GIAMPETRUZZI, Annalisa/0000-0002-0946-0105; SAPONARI, MARIA/0000-0001-9195-4624; ANGELO, DE STRADIS/0000-0003-1624-2365 FU Italian Ministry of Economy and Finance [191/2009] FX We thank F. Cattonaro at IGA, Udine, Italy, for her assistance for deep sequencing and G. R Martelli for critical review of the manuscript. This study was supported by a dedicated grant from the Italian Ministry of Economy and Finance to the National Research Council for the project "Innovazione e Sviluppo del Mezzogiorno-Conoscenze Integrate per Sostenibilita ed Innovazione del Made in Italy Agroalimentare-Legge n. 191/2009". NR 40 TC 25 Z9 32 U1 3 U2 38 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD DEC PY 2012 VL 102 IS 12 BP 1168 EP 1175 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-06-12-0140-R PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 043FL UT WOS:000311528200007 PM 22913410 ER PT J AU De La Torre, CM Qu, F Redinbaugh, MG Lewandowski, DJ AF De La Torre, Carola M. Qu, Feng Redinbaugh, Margaret G. Lewandowski, Dennis J. TI Biological and Molecular Characterization of a U.S. Isolate of Hosta virus X SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MOSAIC-VIRUS; POTEXVIRUS; PROTEIN; GENOME; INITIATION; SEQUENCES; RIBOSOME; PLANTS; SITE AB Hosta virus X (HVX) is rapidly becoming a serious pathogen of commercially important hosta plants worldwide. We report here biological and molecular characterization of a U.S. isolate of HVX, HVX-37. HVX-37 infectivity was tested in 21 hosta cultivars over three growth seasons, and three types of responses were defined based upon the ability of the virus to cause local and/or systemic infections. Four cultivars resistant to systemic HVX infection were identified. The full-length sequence of the HVX-37 genome was determined, the first complete sequence of a U.S. HVX isolate. Comparison with the previously sequenced HVX-Korea (Kr) genome revealed a high level of sequence similarity, as well as some differences. Notably, a 105-nucleotide long, near-perfect direct repeat in the Kr isolate is absent in HVX-37. The accuracy of the HVX-37 genome sequence was confirmed by infectivity of in vitro transcripts synthesized from a full-length HVX-37 cDNA on Nicotiana benthamiana and hosta plants. C1 [De La Torre, Carola M.; Lewandowski, Dennis J.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Qu, Feng] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Plant Pathol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Redinbaugh, Margaret G.] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, USDA ARS, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP De La Torre, CM (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM de-la-torre-cuba.1@buckeyemail.osu.edu RI Redinbaugh, Margaret/A-3611-2013 FU Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center (OARDC); Ohio Plant Biotechnology Consortium (OPBC) FX This research was supported in part by the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center (OARDC) Seeds Grant Award and the Ohio Plant Biotechnology Consortium (OPBC). We thank T. Meulia (OARDC Molecular and Cellular Imaging Center) for assistance with the electron microscope and J. R. Fisher (Ohio Department of Agriculture) for providing us with magnetic beads conjugated with anti-HVX antibodies. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD DEC PY 2012 VL 102 IS 12 BP 1176 EP 1181 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-02-12-0025-R PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 043FL UT WOS:000311528200008 PM 22809286 ER PT J AU Nguyen, TMD Chang, S Condon, B Uchimiya, M Fortier, C AF Nguyen, Thach-Mien D. Chang, SeChin Condon, Brian Uchimiya, Minori Fortier, Chanel TI Development of an environmentally friendly halogen-free phosphorus-nitrogen bond flame retardant for cotton fabrics SO POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES LA English DT Article DE cotton; flame retardant; phosphoramidate; flammability test; thermal degradation ID EPOXY-RESINS; THERMAL STABILITIES; CELLULOSE; SILICON; PHOSPHORAMIDATE; HYDROLYSIS AB A novel flame retardant diethyl 4-methylpiperazin-1-ylphosphoramidate (CN-3) containing phosphorous and nitrogen was prepared. Its chemical structure was confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-, 13C-, and 31P-NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. Print cloth and twill fabrics were treated with CN-3 to achieve different levels of add-on (722?wt% add-ons for print cloth and 318?wt% add-ons for twill). Thermogravimetric analysis, vertical flame test, and limiting oxygen index (LOI) were performed on the treated cotton fabrics and showed promising results. When the treated print cloth and twill fabric samples were tested using the vertical flame test (ASTM D6413-08), we observed that the ignited fabrics self-extinguished and left behind a streak of char. Treated higher add-ons fabrics were neither consumed by flame nor produced glowing ambers upon self-extinguishing. LOI (ASTM 286309) was used to determine the effectiveness of the flame retardant on the treated fabrics. LOI values increased from 18?vol% oxygen in nitrogen for untreated print cloth and twill fabrics to maximum of 28 and 31?wt% for the highest add-ons of print cloth and twill, respectively. The results from cotton fabrics treated with CN-3 demonstrated a higher LOI value as well as a higher char yield because of the effectiveness of phosphorus and nitrogen as a flame retardant for cotton fabrics. Furthermore, FT-IR and SEM were used to characterize the chemical structure on the treated fabrics as well as the surface morphology of char areas of treated and untreated fabrics. Published 2012. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Chang, SeChin] USDA ARS, Cotton Chem & Utilizat Unit, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Chang, S (reprint author), USDA ARS, Cotton Chem & Utilizat Unit, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM sechin.chang@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture FX The authors thank the United States Department of Agriculture for financial support. They also express their gratitude to the Dr Ryan Slopek, Jade Smith, Elena Graves, Linda Wartelle and Christa Madison. NR 44 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 5 U2 56 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1042-7147 J9 POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL JI Polym. Adv. Technol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 23 IS 12 BP 1555 EP 1563 DI 10.1002/pat.3029 PG 9 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 036TE UT WOS:000311053400005 ER PT J AU Douds, DD Nagahashi, G Shenk, JE AF Douds, David D. Nagahashi, Gerald Shenk, John E. TI Frequent cultivation prior to planting to prevent weed competition results in an opportunity for the use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus inoculum SO RENEWABLE AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE leek; stale seedbed ID ON-FARM PRODUCTION; STALE SEEDBED TECHNIQUES; NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION; GLOMUS-INTRARADICES; ALLIUM-PORRUM; SOIL; INOCULATION; FERTILIZATION; COLONIZATION; PHOSPHORUS AB Inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi is a potentially useful tool in agricultural systems with limited options regarding use of synthetic chemicals for fertility and pest control. We tested the response of Allium porrum cv. Lancelot to inoculation with AM fungi in a field high in available P (169 mu g g(-1) soil) that had been repeatedly cultivated to control weeds. Seedlings were inoculated during the greenhouse production period with a mixed species inoculum produced on-farm in a compost and vermiculite medium with Paspalum notatum Flugge as a nurse host. Inoculated and uninoculated seedlings were the same size at outplanting. Inoculated seedlings were over 2.5-fold greater in shoot weight and shoot P content than uninoculated seedlings at harvest. These results demonstrate the potential yield benefits from inoculation with AM fungi in situations where farm management practices may negatively impact on indigenous populations of AM fungi. C1 [Douds, David D.; Nagahashi, Gerald] USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Shenk, John E.] Shenks Berry Farm, Lititz, PA 17543 USA. RP Douds, DD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM david.douds@ars.usda.gov NR 32 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 17 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1742-1705 EI 1742-1713 J9 RENEW AGR FOOD SYST JI Renew. Agr. Food Syst. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 27 IS 4 BP 251 EP 255 DI 10.1017/S1742170511000391 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 030DS UT WOS:000310549800001 ER PT J AU Franzluebbers, AJ Stuedemann, JA Franklin, DH AF Franzluebbers, Alan J. Stuedemann, John A. Franklin, Dorcas H. TI Water infiltration and surface-soil structural properties as influenced by animal traffic in the Southern Piedmont USA SO RENEWABLE AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE bulk density; compaction; pasture management; penetration resistance; soil organic carbon; surface residue ID PROFILE ORGANIC-CARBON; BERMUDAGRASS MANAGEMENT; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; PASTURE MANAGEMENT; BROILER LITTER; TOTAL NITROGEN; RUNOFF; EROSION; PENETROMETER; PHOSPHORUS AB Surface-soil structural condition in perennial pastures is expected to be modified by how forage is (a) harvested through haying or grazing and (b) stimulated through source of nutrients applied, as well as by compactive forces, e. g., grazing cattle or hay harvest machinery. Changes in surface-soil condition can affect hydrologic processes that have important implications for plant growth, greenhouse gas emissions and off-site water quality. We determined the effects of harvest management and nutrient source on the rate of ponded water infiltration and penetration resistance in a bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.]/tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum Schreb. S.J. Darbyshire) pasture on a Typic Kanhapludult in Georgia. During a period when soil was wet (61% water-filled pore space), the rate of water infiltration was 2.8 +/- 1.5 times greater when forage was left unharvested as when hayed or grazed (mean +/- standard deviation among nine nutrient sourcerharvest management comparisons). During a subsequent period, when soil was dry (28% water-filled pore space), the rate of water infiltration followed the same treatment pattern, but was not statistically different among harvest-management practices (1.5 +/- 0.4 times greater between unharvested and other systems). Penetration resistance of the surface at 10 cm depth followed the order: unharvested (62 J) < hayed (100 J) < low grazing pressure (119 J) < high grazing pressure (137 J). Water infiltration during the wet period was negatively related (P <= 0.01) to soil-water content (r = -0.57), penetration resistance at 0-10 cm depth (r = -0.50) and bulk density at 3-6 cm depth (r = -0.53), but was positively related to surface residue C (r = 0.47) and soil organic C concentration at 12-20 cm depth (r = 0.42). These results suggest that complex soil physical (i.e., aggregation, penetration resistance and infiltration) and biological (i.e., plant growth, surface residues and soil organic matter) interactions occur in pastures. We conclude that well-managed grazing systems with excellent ground cover should have adequate hydrologic condition to promote pasture productivity and limit environmental contamination from runoff. Further work is needed to understand the linkages between field-and watershed-scale hydrology in perennial pastures and their implications on water quality. C1 [Franzluebbers, Alan J.; Stuedemann, John A.; Franklin, Dorcas H.] USDA ARS, Watkinsville, GA 30677 USA. RP Franzluebbers, AJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, 1420 Expt Stn Rd, Watkinsville, GA 30677 USA. EM alan.franzluebbers@ars.usda.gov NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 43 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1742-1705 J9 RENEW AGR FOOD SYST JI Renew. Agr. Food Syst. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 27 IS 4 BP 256 EP 265 DI 10.1017/S1742170511000378 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 030DS UT WOS:000310549800002 ER PT J AU Singerman, A Delate, K Chase, C Greene, C Livingston, M Lence, S Hart, C AF Singerman, Ariel Delate, Kathleen Chase, Craig Greene, Catherine Livingston, Michael Lence, Sergio Hart, Chad TI Profitability of organic and conventional soybean production under 'green payments' in carbon offset programs SO RENEWABLE AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE organic; carbon sequestration; survey; cost of production ID GRAIN PRODUCTION; FARMING SYSTEMS; NO-TILLAGE; SEQUESTRATION; AGRICULTURE; FLUX AB Emphasis on reducing emissions from the greenhouse gases (GHG), carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) has increased in recent years in the USA, primarily for industry, transportation, energy and agricultural sectors. In this study, we utilized on-farm data collected by the USDA-National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) Agricultural Resource Management Survey (ARMS), secured under an agreement with the USDA-Economic Research Service (ERS) to analyze the profitability of organic and conventional soybean production, based on changes that 'green payments' in a cap-and-trade system would introduce in agricultural markets in the USA. In particular, the analysis focused on establishing whether organic producers would be better positioned to sequester carbon (C) and reap the benefits of the C-offset scheme compared to conventional producers, given the differences in costs, management practices and environmental benefits between organic and conventional production methods. We estimated several changes in profitability of soybean producers according to management practices, incentives for the generation of offset credits, and increase in energy input prices that a potential cap-and-trade system may introduce in future agricultural markets in the USA. Survey data suggested that even with lower yields, conventional producers could profit from converting to organic agriculture, given organic price premiums. In addition, taking into consideration both direct and indirect costs, average cost for conventional-till (CT) organic soybean production was approximately 9% lower than no-till (NT) conventional production. With a C market and payments for soil C sequestration through potential Clean Energy legislation, additional profit could be accrued by organic producers, because organic production would have 28% greater ton CO2 eq. acre(-1) yr(-1) sequestration than conventional NT. Thus, the environmental benefits from GHG reduction could incentivize increased conversion from conventional to organic production across the USA. C1 [Delate, Kathleen] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Delate, Kathleen] Iowa State Univ, Dept Hort, Ames, IA USA. [Singerman, Ariel; Lence, Sergio; Hart, Chad] Iowa State Univ, Dept Econ, Ames, IA USA. [Chase, Craig] Iowa State Univ, Leopold Ctr Sustainable Agr, Ames, IA USA. [Greene, Catherine; Livingston, Michael] USDA ERS, Washington, DC USA. RP Delate, K (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM kdelate@iastate.edu NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 50 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1742-1705 J9 RENEW AGR FOOD SYST JI Renew. Agr. Food Syst. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 27 IS 4 BP 266 EP 277 DI 10.1017/S1742170511000408 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 030DS UT WOS:000310549800003 ER PT J AU Fausti, SW McDonald, TM Lundgren, JG Li, J Keating, AR Catangui, M AF Fausti, Scott W. McDonald, Tia Michelle Lundgren, Jonathan G. Li, Jing Keating, Ariel Ruth Catangui, Mike TI Insecticide use and crop selection in regions with high GM adoption rates SO RENEWABLE AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE insecticides; genetically modified organism; targeted insect pests; crop production; pest management practices ID PEST-MANAGEMENT; CORN-ROOTWORM AB South Dakota has been a leading adopter of genetically modified organism (GM) crops since their introduction in 1996. In 2009, South Dakota shared the top adoption rate with Iowa for the percentage of acres planted with Bt corn. However; South Dakota has also recently experienced a significant increase in the proportion of acres treated with insecticide. The empirical evidence presented suggests that corn, hay and sunflower production in South Dakota have experienced an intensification of insecticide use in 2007 relative to past US Census of Agriculture reporting years. This study links the proportion of acres planted for a specific crop to the proportion of total acres treated with insecticide at the county level. This approach provides insight on how changing cropping patterns in South Dakota have influenced insecticide use. Empirical results indicate that the upper-bound estimate for insecticide usage on non-Bt corn acreage increased from 38% in 2002 to all non-Bt corn acres planted in 2007. The implication of this result is that in 2007 South Dakota producers were likely treating a percentage of their Bt corn acres with insecticide. Changing cropping patterns in South Dakota are also compared to that in other states in the US Corn Belt region. It appears that the South Dakota experience is not unique and is part of a broader trend. C1 [Fausti, Scott W.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Econ, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [McDonald, Tia Michelle] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Lundgren, Jonathan G.] USDA ARS, N Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. [Li, Jing] Univ Miami Ohio, Dept Econ, Miami, OH USA. [Keating, Ariel Ruth] DeBruce Grain Inc, Fremont, NE 68025 USA. RP Fausti, SW (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Dept Econ, Box 504,104 Scobey Hall, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. EM Scott.Fausti@sdstate.edu FU USDANIFA; South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station; South Dakota CUC FX The authors are appreciative of the anonymous reviewer comments. Any remaining errors are the sole responsibility of the authors. The authors gratefully acknowledge partial funding by USDANIFA, South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station, and the South Dakota CUC. Mention of trade names or commercial products is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 45 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1742-1705 J9 RENEW AGR FOOD SYST JI Renew. Agr. Food Syst. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 27 IS 4 BP 295 EP 304 DI 10.1017/S1742170511000561 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 030DS UT WOS:000310549800006 ER PT J AU Hamou, SA Rahali, T Sahibi, H Belghyti, D Losson, B Goff, W Rhalem, A AF Hamou, S. Ait Rahali, T. Sahibi, H. Belghyti, D. Losson, B. Goff, W. Rhalem, A. TI Molecular and serological prevalence of Anaplasma marginale in cattle of North Central Morocco SO RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Anaplasma marginale; Nested PCR; cELISA; Gharb; Saiss; Middle Atlas; Morocco ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; SURFACE PROTEIN 5; EHRLICHIA-PHAGOCYTOPHILA; BOOPHILUS-MICROPLUS; BOVINE ANAPLASMOSIS; BABESIA-BIGEMINA; FARM-ANIMALS; DAIRY FARMS; COSTA-RICA; ST-LUCIA AB A cross sectional study was conducted to investigate the epidemiological distribution of Anaplasma marginale in North Central Morocco. Blood samples from five provinces of Morocco were collected from apparently healthy cattle (n = 668) and simultaneously analyzed by a nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) assay and competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA). The overall prevalence of A. marginate was 21.9% by nPCR and 16.5% by cELISA. The Kappa coefficient between nPCR and cELISA indicated a modest level of agreement (0.54). The prevalence of A. marginale varied significantly according to the province and the month of sampling. However age, gender and breed did not have a significant effect on the prevalence of this pathogen. The highest prevalence of A. marginate was found in the Gharb, a sub-humid area while the lowest was reported in the Saiss, a semi-arid area. These results indicate that an A. marginale infection are widespread in the country and suggests that either or both techniques are excellent tools for epidemiological studies and control programs. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hamou, S. Ait; Rahali, T.; Sahibi, H.; Rhalem, A.] Rabat Inst, Inst Agron & Vet Hassan II, Dept Parasitol & Malad Parasitaires, Rabat, Morocco. [Belghyti, D.] Univ Ibn Tofail, Lab Biol & Sante, Kenitra, Morocco. [Losson, B.] Univ Liege, Fac Med Vet, Lab Parasitol & Malad Parasitaires, B-4000 Liege, Belgium. [Goff, W.] ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Hamou, SA (reprint author), Rabat Inst, Inst Agron & Vet Hassan II, Dept Parasitol & Malad Parasitaires, BP 6202, Rabat, Morocco. EM aitsana@hotmail.com FU PIC-CUD Project, Belgium [MA 6441]; FRAB [01/001, 2/2500/1] FX Financial support for this work was provided by PIC-CUD Project MA 6441, Belgium and FRAB 01/001 & 2/2500/1 projects. NR 49 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0034-5288 EI 1532-2661 J9 RES VET SCI JI Res. Vet. Sci. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 93 IS 3 BP 1318 EP 1323 DI 10.1016/j.rvsc.2012.02.016 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 038PF UT WOS:000311185900040 ER PT J AU Pelajo, CF Lopez-Benitez, JM Kent, DM Price, LL Miller, LC Dawson-Hughes, B AF Pelajo, Christina F. Lopez-Benitez, Jorge M. Kent, David M. Price, Lori Lyn Miller, Laurie C. Dawson-Hughes, Bess TI 25-Hydroxyvitamin D levels and juvenile idiopathic arthritis: Is there an association with disease activity? SO RHEUMATOLOGY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE 25-Hydroxyvitamin D; Arthritis, Juvenile Rheumatoid; Inflammation ID VITAMIN-D DEFICIENCY; SYSTEMIC-LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D-3; SERUM-LEVELS; CHILDREN; HEALTH; METABOLISM; DISORDERS AB The aims of this study were to examine the association between serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and disease activity in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), to determine the prevalence of vitamin D (VD) deficiency [25(OH)D a parts per thousand currency sign19 ng/ml] and insufficiency [25(OH)D 20-29 ng/ml], and to determine factors associated with lower serum levels of 25(OH)D in this population. In this cross-sectional study, disease activity was measured using JADAS-27, as well as its individual components (physician global assessment of disease activity, parent global assessment of child's well-being, count of joints with active disease, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate). Linear regression models were developed to analyze the association between serum 25(OH)D levels and JADAS-27 and to determine variables associated with serum 25(OH)D levels. A total of 154 patients (61% girls, 88% whites) were included. Mean age was 10.6. VD deficiency was detected in 13% and insufficiency in 42%. In univariate and multivariate analyses, 25(OH)D levels were not associated with JADAS-27, neither with its individual components. However, in a subset analysis including all new-onset JIA patients (n = 27), there was a nonsignificant negative correlation between serum 25(OH)D levels and JADAS-27 (r = -0.29, P = 0.14). In the univariate and multivariate analyses, age, ethnicity, BMI, and season were significantly associated with serum 25(OH)D levels, but not total VD intake. More than 1/2 of JIA patients had serum 25(OH)D levels below 29 ng/ml; however, there was no association between serum 25(OH)D levels and disease activity. Future larger, long-term studies with new-onset JIA patients are needed to further explore the association between serum 25(OH)D levels and disease activity. C1 [Pelajo, Christina F.; Lopez-Benitez, Jorge M.; Miller, Laurie C.] Tufts Med Ctr, Floating Hosp Children, Div Pediat Rheumatol, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Lopez-Benitez, Jorge M.; Kent, David M.; Miller, Laurie C.; Dawson-Hughes, Bess] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Kent, David M.] Tufts Univ, Sackler Sch Grad Biomed Sci, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Price, Lori Lyn] Tufts Univ, Biostat Res Ctr, ICRHPS, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Dawson-Hughes, Bess] Tufts Univ, Bone Metab Lab, Jean Mayer USDA HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Pelajo, CF (reprint author), Tufts Med Ctr, Floating Hosp Children, Div Pediat Rheumatol, 800 Washington St,Box 190, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM christinapelajo@gmail.com FU National Center for Research Resources [UL1 RR025752] FX We would like to thank Dr. Caitlin Sgarlat and Dr. Trevor Davis for the assistance with data collection. The project described was supported by Award Number UL1 RR025752 from the National Center for Research Resources. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Center for Research Resources or the National Institutes of Health. NR 44 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0172-8172 J9 RHEUMATOL INT JI Rheumatol. Int. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 32 IS 12 BP 3923 EP 3929 DI 10.1007/s00296-011-2287-y PG 7 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 043AS UT WOS:000311515600032 PM 22198692 ER PT J AU Tian, JC Collins, HL Romeis, J Naranjo, SE Hellmich, RL Shelton, AM AF Tian, Jun-Ce Collins, Hilda L. Romeis, Joerg Naranjo, Steven E. Hellmich, Richard L. Shelton, Anthony M. TI Using field-evolved resistance to Cry1F maize in a lepidopteran pest to demonstrate no adverse effects of Cry1F on one of its major predators SO TRANSGENIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Cry1F; Biosafety; Coleomegilla maculata; Spodoptera frugiperda ID TRANSGENIC INSECTICIDAL CROPS; FALL ARMYWORM LEPIDOPTERA; CORN-EARWORM LEPIDOPTERA; COLEOMEGILLA-MACULATA; NONTARGET ARTHROPODS; NATURAL ENEMIES; NOCTUIDAE; METAANALYSIS; COCCINELLIDAE; COLEOPTERA AB Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) represents the first documented case of field-evolved resistance to a genetically engineered crop expressing an insecticidal protein from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). In this case it was Cry1F-expressing maize (Mycogen 2A517). The ladybird beetle, Coleomegilla maculata, is a common and abundant predator that suppresses pest populations in maize and many other cropping systems. Its larvae and adults are polyphagous, feeding on aphids, thrips, lepidopteran eggs and larvae, as well as plant tissues. Thus, C. maculata may be exposed to Bt proteins expressed in genetically engineered crops by several pathways. Using Cry1F-resistant S. frugiperda larvae as prey, we evaluated the potential impact of Cry1F-expressing maize on several fitness parameters of C. maculata over two generations. Using Cry1F resistant prey removed any potential prey-mediated effects. Duration of larval and pupal stages, adult weight and female fecundity of C. maculata were not different when they were fed resistant S. frugiperda larvae reared on either Bt or control maize leaves during both generations. ELISA and insect-sensitive bioassays showed C. maculata were exposed to bioactive Cry1F protein. The insecticidal protein had no effect on C. maculata larvae, even though larvae contained 20-32 ng of Cry1F/g by fresh weight. Over all, our results demonstrated that the Cry1F protein did not affect important fitness parameters of one of S. frugiperda's major predators and that Cry1F protein did not accumulate but was strongly diluted when transferred during trophic interactions. C1 [Tian, Jun-Ce; Collins, Hilda L.; Shelton, Anthony M.] Cornell Univ, NYSAES, Dept Entomol, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Romeis, Joerg] Agroscope Reckenholz Tanikon Res Stn ART, CH-8046 Zurich, Switzerland. [Naranjo, Steven E.] ARS, USDA, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [Hellmich, Richard L.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Entomol, ARS, Genet Lab 110,USDA,Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Shelton, AM (reprint author), Cornell Univ, NYSAES, Dept Entomol, 630 West North St, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. EM ams5@cornell.edu RI JunCe, Tian/F-6931-2013; Romeis, Joerg/J-5360-2013 NR 36 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 47 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0962-8819 J9 TRANSGENIC RES JI Transgenic Res. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 21 IS 6 BP 1303 EP 1310 DI 10.1007/s11248-012-9604-4 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 042UJ UT WOS:000311496500014 PM 22373893 ER PT J AU Lowther, W Lorick, K Lawrence, SD Yeow, WS AF Lowther, William Lorick, Kevin Lawrence, Susan D. Yeow, Wen-Shuz TI Expression of biologically active human interferon alpha 2 in Aloe vera SO TRANSGENIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Aloe vera; IFN alpha 2; Transformation; Biolistic ID PLANT; TRANSFORMATION; REGENERATION; MICROPROPAGATION; CALLUS AB Methods necessary for the successful transformation and regeneration of Aloe vera were developed and used to express the human protein, interferon alpha 2 (IFN alpha 2). IFN alpha 2 is a secreted cytokine that plays a vital role in regulating the cellular response to viral infection. Transgenic plants were regenerated from callus cultures initiated from zygotic embryos. Expression of the IFNA2 transgene in transformed plants was confirmed by RT-PCR and IFN alpha 2 protein was detected by immunoblot analysis. Human A549 cells treated with transgenic aloe extracts for 6 h induced expression of the interferon stimulated gene 54, indicating activation of the IFN signaling pathway. The biological activity of the aloe produced IFN alpha 2 was assessed using an antiviral assay with A549 cells treated with extracts from both the rind and pulp fractions of the shoot and subsequently infected with the lytic encephalomyocarditis virus. The highest level of activity attributable to recombinant IFN alpha 2 was determined to be 625 IU/mg of total soluble protein (TSP) in the rind and 2,108 IU/mg TSP in the pulp. Two daughter plants that vegetatively budded during the course of this study were also confirmed to express IFN alpha 2. These results confirm that Aloe vera is capable of expressing a human protein with biological activity, and that a secreted protein targeting the apoplast can be detected in the pulp fraction of the plant. C1 [Lowther, William; Lorick, Kevin; Yeow, Wen-Shuz] Thegreencell Inc, Washington, DC 20002 USA. [Lowther, William; Lawrence, Susan D.; Yeow, Wen-Shuz] ARS, USDA, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, BARC W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Lowther, W (reprint author), Thegreencell Inc, 505 Capitol Court NE,Suite 200, Washington, DC 20002 USA. EM williaml@thegreencell.com FU USDA [58-3K95-0-1458] FX This work is supported by a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (58-3K95-0-1458) with the USDA. We would like to thank Ms Nicole Novak for her invaluable contribution and support. We would also like to thank Ms Marisol Pages and Ms Nicola Lowther for their assistance in the preparation of this manuscript. NR 36 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0962-8819 EI 1573-9368 J9 TRANSGENIC RES JI Transgenic Res. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 21 IS 6 BP 1349 EP 1357 DI 10.1007/s11248-012-9616-0 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 042UJ UT WOS:000311496500019 PM 22528466 ER PT J AU Gross, BL Henk, AD Forsline, PL Richards, CM Volk, GM AF Gross, Briana L. Henk, Adam D. Forsline, Philip L. Richards, Christopher M. Volk, Gayle M. TI Identification of interspecific hybrids among domesticated apple and its wild relatives SO TREE GENETICS & GENOMES LA English DT Article DE Admixture; Interspecific hybridization; Tree domestication; Perennial crop; Malus x domestica; Apple ID MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; OLEA-EUROPAEA L.; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; MALUS-SIEVERSII; GENE FLOW; MOLECULAR MARKERS; CULTIVATED APPLE; DIVERSITY; ADMIXTURE; PROGRAM AB Potential interspecific hybrids are usually identified in natural populations by their proximity to interbreeding species or their intermediate phenotypes; hybridization can then be confirmed by comparing the genetic makeup of putative hybrids to pure species. In contrast, detecting interspecific hybridization and misclassifications in ex situ collections can be difficult because fine-scale geographic locations and species-specific phenotypic data are generally unavailable. Thus, there is little a priori information available to suggest which individuals might be hybrids. Instead, hybrids or misclassified individuals must be identified based on molecular data via population assignment and admixture detection programs. We have applied a variety of population assignment and admixture detection programs to over 400 samples of four closely related Malus species held in the US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service National Plant Germplasm System that were genotyped at 19 simple sequence repeat loci. Our findings indicate that over 10 % of the samples of the wild species Malus sieversii and Malus orientalis and nearly 20 % of the samples of the wild species Malus sylvestris may be admixed or misclassified. The percentage of admixed or misclassified samples of the domesticated species, Malus x domestica, was much lower, at < 5 %. These findings provide an illustration of how to detect hybridization and misclassification in ex situ collections using molecular data and, ultimately, should help to maximize the utility of the collections. In addition, the presence of wild-collected samples that show admixture with domesticated apple suggests that gene flow may be occurring from the crop into natural populations of the wild species. C1 [Gross, Briana L.; Henk, Adam D.; Richards, Christopher M.; Volk, Gayle M.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Forsline, Philip L.] ARS, USDA, Plant Genet Resources Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. RP Volk, GM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, 1111 S Mason St, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM Gayle.Volk@ars.usda.gov RI Richards, Christopher/A-8328-2013 OI Richards, Christopher/0000-0002-9978-6079 FU National Research Initiative of the United States Department of Agriculture Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service [2005-00751] FX We thank Ann A. Reilley, Celeste Falcon, and Amy K. Szewc-McFadden for their assistance in the data collection for this project. We thank Jared L. Strasburg and Christina T. Walters for their comments on a previous draft of this manuscript. This project was partially supported by the National Research Initiative of the United States Department of Agriculture Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service, grant number #2005-00751. NR 50 TC 10 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 48 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1614-2942 J9 TREE GENET GENOMES JI Tree Genet. Genomes PD DEC PY 2012 VL 8 IS 6 BP 1223 EP 1235 DI 10.1007/s11295-012-0509-4 PG 13 WC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Agriculture GA 040IK UT WOS:000311315900006 ER PT J AU Islam, MS Lian, CL Kameyama, N Hogetsu, T AF Islam, Md Sajedul Lian, Chunlan Kameyama, Norikazu Hogetsu, Taizo TI Analyses of genetic population structure of two ecologically important mangrove tree species, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza and Kandelia obovata from different river basins of Iriomote Island of the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan SO TREE GENETICS & GENOMES LA English DT Article DE Rhizophoraceae; Mangrove tree; Microsatellite markers; Genetic diversity; Genetic structure; Gene flow ID ALLELE FREQUENCY DATA; FORSK. VIERH. AVICENNIACEAE; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; REPEAT DNA MARKERS; INDO-WEST PACIFIC; CANDEL L. DRUCE; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; PROPAGULE DISPERSAL; MATING SYSTEM; RHIZOPHORACEAE AB We analyzed nuclear and chloroplast microsatellite makers to assess genetic diversity and examine genetic structure of two mangrove tree species, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza and Kandelia obovata recovered from nine major river basins of Iriomote Island of the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan. The average number of alleles per nuclear locus per population was 2.6 in B. gymnorrhiza and 1.7 in K. obovata. Bayesian clustering analysis using InStruct identified two genetic clusters in B. gymnorrhiza and three clusters in K. obovata. Chloroplast microsatellites revealed two dominant haplotypes from B. gymnorrhiza and three haplotypes from K. obovata. The overall result suggests low genetic diversity for both species. AMOVA for nuclear microsatellites showed 9.3 % of population variation in B. gymnorrhiza. Although genetic differentiation between several populations was significant in this species, F (ST) suggested low to moderate level of differentiations between most of the populations. Distribution of genetic clusters and chloroplast haplotypes also suggested weak differentiations among B. gymnorrhiza populations. In K. obovata, population variation was, however, relatively high (27.8 %). The high differentiation between K. obovata populations was also suggested from the F (ST) and genetic clusters from nuclear microsatellites, and chloroplast haplotypes. A significant correlation between chloroplast genetic distances and coastline distances as well as haplotype distributions for both species suggest that propagules from each species mostly disperse to the neighboring river basins. While significant F (IS) and higher percentage of admixed clusters from nuclear microsatellites suggested inbreeding, continual gene exchange by propagule dispersal among populations especially among neighboring populations was suggested for both species from maternally inherited chloroplast microsatellites analyses. C1 [Islam, Md Sajedul; Hogetsu, Taizo] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Agr & Life Sci, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1138657, Japan. [Lian, Chunlan] Univ Tokyo, Asian Nat Environm Sci Ctr, Tokyo 1880002, Japan. [Kameyama, Norikazu] Univ Ryukyus, Fac Agr, Okinawa 9030213, Japan. RP Islam, MS (reprint author), USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST Lab, Moore Air Base Bldg S-6414,22675 N Moorefield Rd, Edinburg, TX 78541 USA. EM M.sajed@gmail.com FU Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan; University of the Ryukyus, Japan FX This work was supported by Grants-in-Aid from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan and a Grant from University of the Ryukyus, Japan. We thank Prof. Tokushiro Takaso of University of the Ryukyus, and Binyun Wu of the University of Tokyo for helping in the collection of samples. We greatly thank Dr. Raul Ruiz-Arce, USDA APHIS CPHST (Edinburg, TX, USA) and two anonymous reviewers for constructive suggestions that improved the manuscript. We thank Cornell Computational Biology Service Unit (CBSU) for InStruct analysis. NR 68 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 7 U2 42 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1614-2942 J9 TREE GENET GENOMES JI Tree Genet. Genomes PD DEC PY 2012 VL 8 IS 6 BP 1247 EP 1260 DI 10.1007/s11295-012-0512-9 PG 14 WC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Agriculture GA 040IK UT WOS:000311315900008 ER PT J AU Melnick, RL Marelli, JP Sicher, RC Strem, MD Bailey, BA AF Melnick, Rachel L. Marelli, Jean-Philippe Sicher, Richard C. Strem, Mary D. Bailey, Bryan A. TI The interaction of Theobroma cacao and Moniliophthora perniciosa, the causal agent of witches' broom disease, during parthenocarpy SO TREE GENETICS & GENOMES LA English DT Article DE Parthenocarpy; Cacao; Moniliophthora perniciosa; Witches' broom; Plant-microbe interaction ID DIPHOSPHATE SYNTHASE GENE; FROSTY POD ROT; GIBBERELLIN BIOSYNTHESIS; CRINIPELLIS-PERNICIOSA; FRUIT-SET; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; DROUGHT RESPONSE; PLANT-RESPONSES; SALICYLIC-ACID; AMINO-ACIDS AB Witches' broom disease of Theobroma cacao L. is caused by the hemibiotrophic basidiomycete Moniliophthora perniciosa. Infection of flower cushions by M. perniciosa results in parthenocarpy. Healthy and parthenocarpic immature cacao pods were obtained from seven cacao clones. Microscopic observations of parthenocarpic pods from two clones confirmed that fruits lack viable seed. Septate mycelia colonized parthenocarpic pods, but were absent from healthy pods. Parthenocarpic pods had increased concentrations of leucine, methionine, serine, phenylalanine, and valine. Major transport metabolites sucrose and asparagine were decreased by 63 and 40 %, respectively, during parthenocarpy. M. perniciosa expressed sequence tags (ESTs) related to detoxification (MpSOD2 and MpCTA1) and nutrient acquisition (MpAS, MpAK, MpATG8, MpPLY, and MpPME) were induced in parthenocarpic pods. Most M. perniciosa ESTs related to plant hormone biosynthesis were repressed (MpGAox, MpCPS, MpDES, MpGGPPS, and MpCAO) in parthenocarpic pods. RT-qPCR analysis was conducted for 54 defense-related cacao ESTs and 93 hormone-related cacao ESTs. Specific cacao ESTs related to plant defense were induced (TcPR5, TcChi4, TcThau-ICS) while others were repressed (TcPR1, TcPR6, TcP12, and TcChiB). Cacao ESTs related to GA biosynthesis (TcGA20OX1B) were repressed in parthenocarpic pods. Cacao ESTs putatively related to maintaining cytokinin (TcCKX3 and TcCKX5) and IAA (TcGH3.17a, TcGH3.1, TcARF18) homeostasis were induced in parthenocarpic pods, suggesting an attempt to regulate cytokinin and auxin concentrations. In conclusion, M. perniciosa expresses specific sets of transcripts targeting nutrient acquisition and survival while altering the host physiology without causing significant necrosis resulting in parthenocarpy. Only a general host defense response is elicited. C1 [Melnick, Rachel L.; Strem, Mary D.; Bailey, Bryan A.] ARS, USDA, Sustainable Perennial Crops Lab, BARC,WEST, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Marelli, Jean-Philippe] Fazenda Almirante, Mars Ctr Cocoa Sci, BR-4630000 Itajuipe, Bahia, Brazil. [Sicher, Richard C.] ARS, USDA, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Melnick, RL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Sustainable Perennial Crops Lab, BARC,WEST, BLDG 001, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM rachel.melnick@ars.usda.gov RI Melnick, Rachel/B-1719-2013 OI Melnick, Rachel/0000-0002-5113-2551 NR 70 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 17 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1614-2942 J9 TREE GENET GENOMES JI Tree Genet. Genomes PD DEC PY 2012 VL 8 IS 6 BP 1261 EP 1279 DI 10.1007/s11295-012-0513-8 PG 19 WC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Agriculture GA 040IK UT WOS:000311315900009 ER PT J AU Zhu, YM Zheng, P Varanasi, V Shin, SB Main, D Curry, E Mattheis, JP AF Zhu, Yanmin Zheng, Ping Varanasi, Vijaya Shin, Sungbong Main, Dorrie Curry, Eric Mattheis, James P. TI Multiple plant hormones and cell wall metabolism regulate apple fruit maturation patterns and texture attributes SO TREE GENETICS & GENOMES LA English DT Article DE Apple (Malus x domestica Borkh.); Transcriptomics; Plant hormones; Cell wall metabolism; Fruit maturation; Texture attributes ID X DOMESTICA BORKH.; GENE-EXPRESSION; ETHYLENE PRODUCTION; CLIMACTERIC FRUITS; MOLECULAR-CLONING; CROSS-TALK; ARABIDOPSIS; AUXIN; DEGRADATION; MD-ACS1 AB Global transcriptional regulation during apple fruit maturation and associated texture changes were assessed by transcriptome profiling and systematic characterization of maturation progression of two cultivars, 'Honeycrisp' (HC) and 'Cripps Pink' (CP). A high-density long-oligo apple microarray consisting of duplex 190,135 cross-hybridization-free 50-70-mer isothermal probes, representing 23,997 unigenes, was designed for and manufactured on a NimbleGen array platform. Cortex tissues from both HC and CP at three maturation stages, i.e., 4, 2, and 0 week(s) before physiological maturity, were utilized for transcriptome profiling. A total of 1,793 and 1,209 differentially expressed unigenes, 7.47 % and 5.04 % of all unigenes deposited on the array, were identified from HC and CP, respectively. Unigenes associated with ethylene biosynthesis and response, auxin homeostasis and transport, gibberellin reception and metabolism as well as degradation of hemicelluloses may contribute to the observed phenotypic variations in apple maturation patterns and texture attributes such as fruit firmness and crispness. Microarray data validation indicated that more than 85 % of randomly selected unigenes showed consistent expression patterns with qRT-PCR results. Physiological characterization demonstrated substantial differences in maturation progression between these two cultivars, and a remarkable transformation in fruit texture occurred from week -4 to week 0. C1 [Zhu, Yanmin; Shin, Sungbong; Curry, Eric; Mattheis, James P.] ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, USDA, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. [Zheng, Ping; Varanasi, Vijaya; Main, Dorrie] Washington State Univ, Dept Hort & Landscape Architecture, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Zhu, YM (reprint author), ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, USDA, 1104 N Western Ave, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. EM yanmin.zhu@ars.usda.gov OI Curry, Eric/0000-0003-2958-9376 FU Washington Tree Fruit Research Commission; USDA base fund FX The authors are grateful to Ann Callahan, Chris Dardick, Cindy Tong, and Tianbao Yang for their helpful comments. The authors wish to thank Xia Rui for preparation of Table S1 and Table S2. We wish to thank Mallela Magana, Janie Countryman, Edward Valdez, and Bruce Mackey for their contribution in fruit harvest, maturity test, tissue collection, and other excellent technical assistance. This study was supported by Washington Tree Fruit Research Commission and USDA base fund. NR 75 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 56 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1614-2942 J9 TREE GENET GENOMES JI Tree Genet. Genomes PD DEC PY 2012 VL 8 IS 6 BP 1389 EP 1406 DI 10.1007/s11295-012-0526-3 PG 18 WC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Agriculture GA 040IK UT WOS:000311315900019 ER PT J AU Lorenz, WW Ayyampalayam, S Bordeaux, JM Howe, GT Jermstad, KD Neale, DB Rogers, DL Dean, JFD AF Lorenz, W. Walter Ayyampalayam, Savavanaraj Bordeaux, John M. Howe, Glenn T. Jermstad, Kathleen D. Neale, David B. Rogers, Deborah L. Dean, Jeffrey F. D. TI Conifer DBMagic: a database housing multiple de novo transcriptome assemblies for 12 diverse conifer species SO TREE GENETICS & GENOMES LA English DT Article DE Coniferales; Pinus; Transcriptome; Database; Annotation; Gene models; Comparative phylogenomics ID PINE PINUS-TAEDA; SEED-PLANT PHYLOGENY; EXTANT GYMNOSPERMS; GENE DISCOVERY; SNP DISCOVERY; L.; ESTS; EXPRESSION; GNETALES; GENOMES AB Conifers comprise an ancient and widespread plant lineage of enormous commercial and ecological value. However, compared to model woody angiosperms, such as Populus and Eucalyptus, our understanding of conifers remains quite limited at a genomic level. Large genome sizes (10,000-40,000 Mbp) and large amounts of repetitive DNA have limited efforts to produce a conifer reference genome, and genomic resource development has focused primarily on characterization of expressed sequences. Here, we report the completion of a conifer transcriptome sequencing project undertaken in collaboration with the U.S. DOE Joint Genome Institute that resulted in production of almost 12 million sequence reads. Five loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) cDNA libraries representing multiple tissues, treatments, and genotypes produced over four million sequence reads that, along with available Sanger expressed sequence tags, were used to create contig assemblies using three different assembly algorithms: Newbler, MiraEST, and NGen. In addition, libraries from 11 other conifer species, as well as one member of the Gnetales (Gnetum gnemon), produced 0.4 to 1.2 million sequence reads each. Among the selected conifer species were representatives of each of the seven phylogenetic families in the Coniferales: Araucariaceae, Cephalotaxaceae, Cupressaceae, Pinaceae, Podocarpaceae, Sciadopityaceae, and Taxaceae. Transcriptome builds for each species were generated using each of the three assemblers. All contigs for every species generated using each assembler can be obtained from Conifer DBMagic, a public database for searching, viewing, and downloading contig sequences, the associated sequence reads, and their annotations. C1 [Dean, Jeffrey F. D.] Univ Georgia, Inst Bioinformat, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Jermstad, Kathleen D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Placerville, CA 95667 USA. [Neale, David B.; Rogers, Deborah L.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Howe, Glenn T.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Ayyampalayam, Savavanaraj] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Lorenz, W. Walter; Bordeaux, John M.; Dean, Jeffrey F. D.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Dean, JFD (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Inst Bioinformat, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM jeffdean@uga.edu RI Dean, Jeffrey/G-2184-2010 OI Dean, Jeffrey/0000-0003-1208-1023 FU USDA/NRI CSREES CAP [2007-55300-18603] FX The authors wish to acknowledge Yuan-Sheng Yu and Ujwal Bagal for their technical assistance. We also wish to thank Dr. Trevor Fenning for supplying the P. abies samples and Dr. Richard Cronn for early access to P. taeda chloroplast genome sequence information. These sequence data were produced by the US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute http://www.jgi.doe.gov/ in collaboration with the user community. Particular thanks go to Christa Pennacchio, Kerrie Barry, Erika Lindquist, and their associates at JGI for directing cDNA library construction, 454 pyrosequencing, and some of the data filtering reported for this project. Partial funding for this work was provided by USDA/NRI CSREES CAP Award #2007-55300-18603. NR 43 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 40 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1614-2942 J9 TREE GENET GENOMES JI Tree Genet. Genomes PD DEC PY 2012 VL 8 IS 6 BP 1477 EP 1485 DI 10.1007/s11295-012-0547-y PG 9 WC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Agriculture GA 040IK UT WOS:000311315900025 ER PT J AU Ren, H Zhang, QM Lu, HF Liu, HX Guo, QF Wang, J Jian, SG Bao, HO AF Ren, Hai Zhang, Qianmei Lu, Hongfang Liu, Hongxiao Guo, Qinfeng Wang, Jun Jian, Shuguang Bao, Hai'ou TI Wild Plant Species with Extremely Small Populations Require Conservation and Reintroduction in China SO AMBIO LA English DT Editorial Material ID RESTORATION C1 [Ren, Hai; Zhang, Qianmei; Lu, Hongfang; Liu, Hongxiao; Wang, Jun; Jian, Shuguang] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Vegetat Restorat & Management Degraded Ec, S China Bot Garden, Guangzhou 510650, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Guo, Qinfeng] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, USDA, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. [Bao, Hai'ou] Chinese Acad Sci, Jiujiang 332900, Peoples R China. RP Ren, H (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Vegetat Restorat & Management Degraded Ec, S China Bot Garden, Guangzhou 510650, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM renhai@scib.ac.cn; zqm@scib.ac.cn; luhf@scib.ac.cn; michellewinter@126.com; qinfengguo@hotmail.com; wxj@scib.ac.cn; jiansg@scib.ac.cn; baohaiou40@163.com NR 20 TC 12 Z9 23 U1 5 U2 43 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0044-7447 J9 AMBIO JI Ambio PD DEC PY 2012 VL 41 IS 8 BP 913 EP 917 DI 10.1007/s13280-012-0284-3 PG 5 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 034IP UT WOS:000310866600014 PM 22562355 ER PT J AU Gao, XL Cook, D Ralphs, MH Yan, L Gardner, DR Lee, ST Panter, KE Han, B Zhao, ML AF Gao, Xinlei Cook, Daniel Ralphs, Michael H. Yan, Ling Gardner, Dale R. Lee, Stephen T. Panter, Kip E. Han, Bing Zhao, Meng-Li TI Detection of swainsonine and isolation of the endophyte Undifilum from the major locoweeds in Inner Mongolia SO BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMATICS AND ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Locoweeds; Inner Mongolia; Swainsonine; Endophyte; Undifilum; Quinolizidine alkaloids ID EMBELLISIA-OXYTROPIS; FUNGAL ENDOPHYTES; POPULATIONS; ASTRAGALUS; ALKALOIDS; MATRINE; CHINA; SPP. AB Locoweeds are Astragalus and Oxytropis species that contain the toxic alkaloid swainsonine, causing widespread poisoning of livestock in Inner Mongolia. Taxa (Astragalus, Oxytropis, Sphaerophysa, and Sophora species) suspected of causing locoism and/or poisoning in Inner Mongolia were surveyed for swainsonine and Undifilum, the fungal endophyte responsible for the production of swainsonine. Swainsonine was detected at concentrations greater than 0.01% in Astragalus variabilis and Oxytropis glabra. The endophyte Undifilum was detected by culturing and PCR in samples containing swainsonine concentrations greater than 0.01%. In some specimens of A. variabilis and O. glabra swainsonine was not detected or concentrations were less than 0.01%. In these samples the endophyte could not be cultured, but was detected by PCR. Additionally, contrary to previous reports the quinolizidine alkaloids, thermopsine, anagyrine, and lupanine, were not detected in O. glabra and Oxytropis ochrocephala, however the quinolizidine alkaloids, sophoridine, sophocarpine, and sophoramine were detected in Sophora alopecuroides as previously reported. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Gao, Xinlei; Zhao, Meng-Li] Inner Mongolia Agr Univ, Coll Ecol & Environm Sci, Hohhot 010018, Peoples R China. [Gao, Xinlei; Yan, Ling; Han, Bing] Inner Mongolia Agr Univ, Coll Life Sci, Hohhot 010018, Peoples R China. [Cook, Daniel; Ralphs, Michael H.; Gardner, Dale R.; Lee, Stephen T.; Panter, Kip E.] USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. RP Zhao, ML (reprint author), Inner Mongolia Agr Univ, Coll Ecol & Environm Sci, Hohhot 010018, Peoples R China. EM menglizhao@yahoo.com FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [30860196, 31070414]; National Key Laboratory of Grassland and Grassland Resources of the Inner Mongolia Agricultural University FX We wish to thank Jessie Roper and Scott Larsen for their technical assistance in the laboratory and Drs Wang Jing and Wang Zhen for their help in collecting samples from herbaria. This work could not be done without their support. This study was supported financially by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project # 30860196 and 31070414) and the National Key Laboratory of Grassland and Grassland Resources of the Inner Mongolia Agricultural University. NR 26 TC 9 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 35 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0305-1978 J9 BIOCHEM SYST ECOL JI Biochem. Syst. Ecol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 45 BP 79 EP 85 DI 10.1016/j.bse.2012.07.012 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 036HX UT WOS:000311018100014 ER PT J AU Nakano, H Cantrell, CL Mamonov, LK Kustova, TS Fronczek, FR Ross, SA AF Nakano, Hiroshi Cantrell, Charles L. Mamonov, Leonid K. Kustova, Tatyana S. Fronczek, Frank R. Ross, Samir A. TI Chemical constituents from Echinops nanus and Echinops transiliensis SO BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMATICS AND ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Echinops nanus; Echinops transiliensis ID THIOPHENES; ECHINATUS; FLOWERS C1 [Nakano, Hiroshi] NARO Inst Crop Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058518, Japan. [Nakano, Hiroshi] NARO Kyushu Okinawa Agr Res Ctr, Fukuoka 8330041, Japan. [Nakano, Hiroshi; Cantrell, Charles L.] USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. [Mamonov, Leonid K.; Kustova, Tatyana S.] Inst Plant Biol & Biotechnol, Alma Ata 05040, Kazakhstan. [Fronczek, Frank R.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Chem, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Ross, Samir A.] Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA. [Ross, Samir A.] Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharmacognosy, University, MS 38677 USA. RP Nakano, H (reprint author), NARO Inst Crop Sci, 2-1-18 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058518, Japan. FU International Science and Technology Center (ISTC) [K1896] FX The authors thank Mr. Solomon Green III, Ms. Amber Reichley, and Mr. Jeffery B. Cannon, Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, USDA-ARS, for technical assistance. Financial support in part from the International Science and Technology Center (ISTC) project K1896 is greatly appreciated. NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0305-1978 J9 BIOCHEM SYST ECOL JI Biochem. Syst. Ecol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 45 BP 127 EP 129 DI 10.1016/j.bse.2012.07.008 PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 036HX UT WOS:000311018100023 ER PT J AU Johnson, AJ Weintraub, PG Katoch, R Schemerhorn, BJ Shukle, RH AF Johnson, A. J. Weintraub, P. G. Katoch, R. Schemerhorn, B. J. Shukle, R. H. TI Biological and molecular characterization of Hessian fly (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) from Israel SO BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Mayetiola destructor; Israel; wheat; host-plant resistance; coxI; population genetics ID WILD EMMER WHEAT; SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; MAYETIOLA-DESTRUCTOR; GENETIC-VARIATION; RESISTANCE GENES; GEOGRAPHIC-DISTRIBUTION; TRITICUM-DICOCCOIDES; NORTHERN NEGEV AB Samples of a dipteran pest of wheat were tested to confirm identity, describe local populations and suggest the use of deploying resistance (R) genes in wheat cultivars for control of Mayetiola destructor, Hessian fly (HF). Morphological evaluation of adults and a free-choice oviposition preference test documenting that females overwhelmingly preferred to oviposit on wheat instead of barley supported they were HF. Using the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (coxI), the Barcoding Region, nine haplotypes were revealed. Two were found only in the Israeli collections and averaged 3% sequence divergence compared to the other seven haplotypes found in the United States, Israel and Syria. In evaluations of virulence, the Israeli HF in culture was virulent to 11 of the 19 (R) genes tested, and complementation analysis documented that, for four of the R genes tested, the Israeli HF shared loci for virulence with HF from the United States. Levels of HF infestation at seven Israeli fields were at least at the 5-8% level, which historically has indicated a significant yield loss. Microsatellite genotyping of the five HF collections from Israel revealed mixed populations in Israel that are distinctly separate from the single population in Syria. C1 [Johnson, A. J.; Schemerhorn, B. J.; Shukle, R. H.] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Crop Prod & Pest Control Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Johnson, A. J.; Schemerhorn, B. J.; Shukle, R. H.] Purdue Univ, Dept Entomol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Weintraub, P. G.] Agr Res Org, Gilat Res Ctr, IL-85280 Dn Negev, Israel. [Katoch, R.] CSKHPKV, Palampur 176062, Himachal Prades, India. RP Shukle, RH (reprint author), Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Crop Prod & Pest Control Unit, 170 S Univ St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM shukle@purdue.edu OI Schemerhorn, Brandon/0000-0003-0247-478X FU USDA CRIS [3602-22000-016-00D] FX We thank John Shukle for the statistical analyses pertaining to this study. Special thanks to Dr Mustapha El Bouhssini for sending samples of both Mayetiola destructor and Mayetiola hordei. This is a joint contribution of the USDA-ARS and Purdue University. This study was supported through USDA CRIS no. 3602-22000-016-00D. NR 72 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 7 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 0007-4853 J9 B ENTOMOL RES JI Bull. Entomol. Res. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 102 IS 6 BP 632 EP 643 DI 10.1017/S0007485312000235 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 036SI UT WOS:000311050400003 PM 22564785 ER PT J AU Voruganti, VS Laston, S Haack, K Mehta, NR Smith, CW Cole, SA Butte, NF Comuzzie, AG AF Voruganti, V. Saroja Laston, Sandra Haack, Karin Mehta, Nitesh R. Smith, C. Wayne Cole, Shelley A. Butte, Nancy F. Comuzzie, Anthony G. TI Genome-wide association replicates the association of Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines (DARC) polymorphisms with serum monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) levels in Hispanic children SO CYTOKINE LA English DT Article DE Obesity; Inflammation; Polymorphism; Effect size; Variance ID ADIPOSE-TISSUE; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; OBESITY; INFLAMMATION; ANTIGEN/RECEPTOR; EXPRESSION; DISEASE; MARKER; CELLS; SIDE AB Obesity is associated with a chronic low inflammatory state characterized by elevated levels of chemokines. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is a member of the cysteine-cysteine (CC) chemokine family and is increased in obesity. The purpose of this study was to identify loci regulating serum MCP-1 in obese Hispanic children from the Viva La Familia Study. A genome-wide association (GWA) analysis was performed in 815 children, ages 4-19 years, using genotypes assayed with the Illumina HumanOmni1-Quad v1.0 BeadChips. All analyses were performed in SOLAR using a linear regression-based test under an additive model of allelic effect, while accounting for the relatedness of family members via a kinship variance component. The strongest association for MCP-1 levels was found with a non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs12075, resulting in an amino acid substitution (Asp42Gly) in the Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines (DARC) gene product (minor allele frequency = 43.6%, p = 1.3 x 10(-21)) on chromosome 1. Four other DARC SNPs were also significantly associated with MCP-1 levels (p < 10(-16)-10(-6)). The Asp42Gly variant was associated with higher levels of MCP-1 and accounted for approximately 10% of its variability. In addition, MCP-1 levels were significantly associated with SNPs in chemokine receptor 3 (CCR3) and caspase recruitment domain family, member 9 (CARD9). In summary, the association of the DARC Asp42Gly variant with MCP-1 levels replicates previous GWA results substantiating a potential role for DARC in the regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Voruganti, V. Saroja; Laston, Sandra; Haack, Karin; Cole, Shelley A.; Comuzzie, Anthony G.] Texas Biomed Res Inst, Dept Genet, San Antonio, TX 78245 USA. [Mehta, Nitesh R.; Smith, C. Wayne; Butte, Nancy F.] ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat,Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX USA. RP Voruganti, VS (reprint author), Texas Biomed Res Inst, Dept Genet, POB 760549, San Antonio, TX 78245 USA. EM saroja@TxBiomedgenetics.org FU National Institutes of Health (NIH) [DK080457]; USDA/ARS [6250-51000-053]; Research Facilities Improvement Program of the National Center for Research Resources, NIH [C06 RR013556, C06 RR017515] FX We thank all the families who participated in the VIVA LA FAMILIA Study. The authors wish to acknowledge the technical assistance of Grace-Ellen Meixner, Margie Britten and Maria del Pilar Villegas. This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) [DK080457], and the USDA/ARS [Cooperative Agreement 6250-51000-053]. Work performed at the Texas Biomedical Research Institute in San Antonio, Texas was conducted in facilities constructed with support from the Research Facilities Improvement Program of the National Center for Research Resources, NIH [C06 RR013556, C06 RR017515]. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USDA, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1043-4666 J9 CYTOKINE JI Cytokine PD DEC PY 2012 VL 60 IS 3 BP 634 EP 638 DI 10.1016/j.cyto.2012.08.029 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Immunology GA 039LT UT WOS:000311248000008 PM 23017229 ER PT J AU Kim, S Faris, L Cox, CM Sumners, LH Jenkins, MC Fetterer, RH Miska, KB Dalloul, RA AF Kim, Sungwon Faris, Laura Cox, Chasity M. Sumners, Lindsay H. Jenkins, Mark C. Fetterer, Ray H. Miska, Kate B. Dalloul, Rami A. TI Molecular characterization and immunological roles of avian IL-22 and its soluble receptor IL-22 binding protein SO CYTOKINE LA English DT Article DE Chicken; IL-10; IL-22; IL22BP; Inflammation ID INDUCIBLE FACTOR; INTERLEUKIN 22; FUNCTIONAL-CHARACTERIZATION; HOST-DEFENSE; IL-TIF; CELLS; CLONING; CYTOKINE; IL-10; IDENTIFICATION AB As a member of the interleukin (IL)-10 family, IL-22 is an important mediator in modulating tissue responses during inflammation. Through activation of STAT3-signaling cascades, IL-22 induces proliferative and anti-apoptotic pathways, as well as antimicrobial peptides (AMPS), that help prevent tissue damage and aid in its repair. This study reports the cloning and expression of recombinant chicken IL-22 (rChIL-22) and its soluble receptor, rChIL22BP, and characterization of biological effects of rChIL-22 during inflammatory responses. Similar to observations with mammalian IL-22, purified rChIL-22 had no effect on either peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) or lymphocytes. This was due to the low expression of the receptor ChIL22RA1 chain compared to ChIL10RB chain. rChIL-22 alone did not affect chicken embryo kidney cells (CEKCs); however, co-stimulation of CEKCs with LPS and rChIL-22 enhanced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and AMPs. Furthermore, rChIL-22 alone stimulated and induced acute phase reactants in chicken embryo liver cells (CELCs). These effects of rChIL-22 were abolished by pre-incubation of rChIL-22 with rChIL22BP. Together, this study indicates an important role of ChIL-22 on epithelial cells and hepatocytes during inflammation. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kim, Sungwon; Faris, Laura; Cox, Chasity M.; Sumners, Lindsay H.; Dalloul, Rami A.] Virginia Tech, Dept Anim & Poultry Sci, Avian Immunobiol Lab, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Jenkins, Mark C.; Fetterer, Ray H.] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Miska, Kate B.] ARS, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Dalloul, RA (reprint author), 3170 Litton Reaves Hall,0306, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM RDalloul@vt.edu OI Dalloul, Rami/0000-0003-4690-9220 NR 32 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 9 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1043-4666 J9 CYTOKINE JI Cytokine PD DEC PY 2012 VL 60 IS 3 BP 815 EP 827 DI 10.1016/j.cyto.2012.08.005 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Immunology GA 039LT UT WOS:000311248000034 PM 22980486 ER PT J AU Robins, JG Bushman, BS Jensen, KB AF Robins, Joseph G. Bushman, B. Shaun Jensen, Kevin B. TI Dry matter yield combining ability among nine sources of orchardgrass germplasm SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE Biomass; Cocksfoot; Forage yield; Genetic similarity; Heterotic groups ID DACTYLIS-GLOMERATA L; MOLECULAR MARKER DIVERSITY; ALFALFA POPULATIONS; DIALLEL ANALYSES; SINGLE-CROSSES; FORAGE YIELD; PERFORMANCE; HETEROSIS; GRASS; HETEROZYGOSITY AB Yield gains in orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.), like most cool-season grasses, have lagged compared to other crop species. The development of synthetic varieties may capitalize on combining ability: mother genotypes are selected after progeny testing. The progenies are obtained from polycrosses and their performance is a measure of the general combining ability (GCA) of the mother genotypes. An initial step to this breeding strategy is the identification of combining ability in germplasm sources of interest for breeding. This study evaluated nine orchardgrass germplasm sources utilizing a diallel crossing design to determine general and specific combining abilities among population hybrids. Three forage harvests were taken each year for 3 years from population hybrids, parental populations, and commercial checks. Differences (P < 0.05) were observed among the entries for dry matter yield within harvests and on a total yearly basis. Population hybrids were identified with comparable or higher yields than the check varieties. Significant general and specific combining ability (SCA) effects for dry matter yield were observed. A breeding population, derived from collections from the Altai region of Russia, possessed high overall general combining ability. A germplasm population, collected from Xinjiang Province in China, possessed SCA when hybridized with the germplasm from Japan and with the variety Latar, although this Chinese germplasm possessed low GCA. Genetic similarity among parental populations was not correlated with SCA, but one parent population with high within population similarity exhibited particularly high GCA. These results highlight a considerable variation in combining ability with potential use in breeding. C1 [Robins, Joseph G.; Bushman, B. Shaun; Jensen, Kevin B.] USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Robins, JG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM joseph.robins@ars.usda.gov NR 38 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 18 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD DEC PY 2012 VL 188 IS 3 BP 419 EP 428 DI 10.1007/s10681-012-0707-z PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 038WB UT WOS:000311203700010 ER PT J AU Yeh, HY Klesius, PH AF Yeh, Hung-Yueh Klesius, Phillip H. TI Channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque), tetraspanin membrane protein family: identification, characterization and phylogenetic analysis of tetraspanin 3 and tetraspanin 7 (CD231) transcripts SO FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Channel catfish; Ictalurus punctatus; Tetraspanin 3; TSPAN3; Tetraspanin 7; TSPAN7; CD231 ID HEPATITIS-C VIRUS; MOLECULAR-CLONING; MOUSE TSPAN-3; CDNA; CD81; SUPERFAMILY; EXPRESSION; MEMBER; CD9; SEQUENCES AB Tetraspanins, a large cell surface protein superfamily characterized by having four transmembrane domains, play many critical roles in physiological and pathological processes. In this study, we report the identification, characterization and phylogenetic analysis of the channel catfish tetraspanin 3 and tetraspanin 7 (CD231) transcripts. The full-length nucleotide sequences of tetraspanin 3 and tetraspanin 7 cDNA have 1,453 and 1,842 base pairs, respectively. Analysis of the nucleotide sequences reveals that each has one open reading frame (ORF). The ORF of tetraspanin 3 appears to encode 241 amino acids with calculated molecular mass of 26.8 kDa, while the ORF of tetraspanin 7 potentially encodes 251 amino acids with calculated molecular mass of 27.9 kDa. By comparison with the human counterparts, the channel catfish tetraspanin 3 and tetraspanin 7 peptides have four transmembrane domains, three intracellular domains and two (small and large) extracellular domains. In addition, several characteristic features critical for structure and functions in mammalian tetraspanins are also conserved in channel catfish tetraspanin 3 and tetraspanin 7. The transcripts were detected by RT-PCR in restrictive organs. These results with those from our previous studies on other channel catfish tetraspanins provide important information for further investigating the roles of various tetraspanins in channel catfish infection with microorganisms. C1 [Yeh, Hung-Yueh; Klesius, Phillip H.] ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, USDA, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. RP Yeh, HY (reprint author), ARS, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, Richard B Russell Res Ctr, USDA, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM hungyueh.yeh@ars.usda.gov FU USDA Agricultural Research Service CRIS project [6420-32000-020-00D] FX We are grateful to Mrs. Dorothy B. Moseley of USDA ARS Aquatic Animal Health Research Unit in Auburn, AL for excellent technical support, and Dr. Brian E. Scheffler and his Bioinformatics Group at the USDA ARS Genomics and Bioinformatics Research Unit in Stoneville, MS for sequencing and bioinformatics. This study was supported by the USDA Agricultural Research Service CRIS project no. 6420-32000-020-00D. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this paper is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. The US Department of Agriculture is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 43 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-1742 J9 FISH PHYSIOL BIOCHEM JI Fish Physiol. Biochem. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 38 IS 6 BP 1553 EP 1563 DI 10.1007/s10695-012-9645-x PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Fisheries; Physiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Fisheries; Physiology GA 035NW UT WOS:000310954900002 PM 22547004 ER PT J AU Huang, HQ Fletcher, A Niu, YG Wang, TTY Yu, LL AF Huang, Haiqiu Fletcher, Arnetta Niu, Yuge Wang, Thomas T. Y. Yu, Liangli TI Characterization of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated cytokine expression in macrophages and monocytes SO INFLAMMATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Cytokine; J774A.1; Inflammation; Lipopolysaccharide; THP-1; TLR4 ID NITRIC-OXIDE PRODUCTION; GENE-EXPRESSION; SEPTIC SHOCK; KAPPA-B; INFLAMMATION; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; ENDOTOXEMIA; CANCER; CYTOTOXICITY; MECHANISM AB In vitro cell culture models are widely used in inflammation research; however, information regarding the time- and dose-dependency of inflammatory responses toward LPS in these cell lines is scattered in the literature. J774A.1 mouse macrophage and THP-1 human monocyte cell lines. J774A.1 and THP-1 cells were treated with 0-500 ng/mL lipopolysaccharide for 0-24 h. SRB and BCA tests were used to measure total protein. Real-time PCR was used to determine gene expression levels, and ELISA was used to assess the protein levels. One-way ANOVA and Tukey's Honestly Significant Difference test were used to test the significance levels. In J774A.1 and THP-1 cells, cytokines responded in distinct patterns upon LPS stimulation in a time- and dose-dependent manner, and the differential regulation of the response to LPS between J774A.1 and THP-1 cells appeared to correlate with the differential regulation of TLR4 at the mRNA level. In summary, this study indicated that temporal and dose-dependent responses to LPS need to be controlled for and that extrapolation of data on mechanisms may differ between cell lines of different origin. C1 [Huang, Haiqiu; Fletcher, Arnetta; Yu, Liangli] Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Wang, Thomas T. Y.] ARS, DGIL, BHNRC, USDA,BARC EAST, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Niu, Yuge] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Agr & Biol, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China. RP Yu, LL (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, 0112 Skinner Bldg, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM Tom.Wang@ars.usda.gov; lyu5@umd.edu RI Huang, Haiqiu/J-8856-2012 FU JIFSAN; SJTU [TS0414115001, TS0320215001]; USDA [1235-51530-053-00D] FX This research was supported by a grant from JIFSAN, a grant from SJTU 985-III disciplines platform and talent fund (Grant Nos. TS0414115001; TS0320215001), and USDA appropriate fund Project # 1235-51530-053-00D (TW). The authors would like to thank Dr. Joe Urban for his comments on the manuscript. NR 24 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 20 PU SPRINGER BASEL AG PI BASEL PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND SN 1023-3830 J9 INFLAMM RES JI Inflamm. Res. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 61 IS 12 BP 1329 EP 1338 DI 10.1007/s00011-012-0533-8 PG 10 WC Cell Biology; Immunology SC Cell Biology; Immunology GA 035ZZ UT WOS:000310995500005 PM 22842767 ER PT J AU Faris, JD Abeysekara, NS McClean, PE Xu, SS Friesen, TL AF Faris, Justin D. Abeysekara, Nilwala S. McClean, Phillip E. Xu, Steven S. Friesen, Timothy L. TI Tan spot susceptibility governed by the Tsn1 locus and race-nonspecific resistance quantitative trait loci in a population derived from the wheat lines Salamouni and Katepwa SO MOLECULAR BREEDING LA English DT Article DE Wheat; Tan spot; Pyrenophora triticirepentis; Necrotrophic pathogen; Disease resistance; Host-selective toxin; Race-nonspecific resistance; Quantitative trait loci ID PYRENOPHORA-TRITICI-REPENTIS; EFFECTOR-TRIGGERED SUSCEPTIBILITY; GENE CONFERRING RESISTANCE; HOST-SELECTIVE TOXINS; STAGONOSPORA-NODORUM; CHROMOSOMAL LOCATION; DISEASE RESISTANCE; TETRAPLOID WHEAT; HEXAPLOID WHEAT; COMMON WHEAT AB Wheat-tan spot interactions are known to have an inverse gene-for-gene relationship where pathogen-produced necrotrophic effectors are recognized by host sensitivity genes to cause susceptibility. However, broad-spectrum race-nonspecific resistance quantitative trait loci (QTL) that do not conform to the inverse gene-for-gene model have also been identified in this system. Here, we evaluated a population of wheat recombinant inbred lines derived from Salamouni (resistant) and Katepwa (susceptible) for reaction to two isolates of race 1 (Pti2 and Asc1) and one isolate of race 2 (86-124), which all produce the necrotrophic effector Ptr ToxA, and the isolate AR LonB2, which does not produce Ptr ToxA and does not conform to the current race classification system. As expected, the Tsn1 locus was significantly associated with disease caused by all three ToxA-producing isolates and was not associated with tan spot caused by AR LonB2. However, the amount of variation explained by Tsn1 varied considerably, with values of 5, 22, and 30 % for Asc1, Pti2, and 86-124, respectively, suggesting possible variability in ToxA gene regulation among these isolates. A locus on chromosome arm 7DS was specifically associated with isolate AR LonB2 but explained only 8 % of the variation. Additional QTL on 5DL and 7BS were race-nonspecific and associated with tan spot caused by multiple isolates. These results provide further evidence that race-nonspecific resistance QTL play important roles in governing reaction to tan spot, and they suggest that the wheat-tan spot pathosystem is more complicated than previously thought. The elimination of necrotrophic effector sensitivity genes and the addition of race-nonspecific resistance loci are needed to develop wheat cultivars with high levels of tan spot resistance. C1 [Faris, Justin D.; Xu, Steven S.; Friesen, Timothy L.] USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, NPA, NCSL, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Abeysekara, Nilwala S.; McClean, Phillip E.] N Dakota State Univ, Genom & Bioinformat Program, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Abeysekara, Nilwala S.; McClean, Phillip E.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. RP Faris, JD (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, NPA, NCSL, 1605 Albrecht BLVD, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM justin.faris@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS CRIS project [5442-22000-033-00D] FX The authors thank Danielle Holmes and Jamie Hauff for technical assistance. This research was supported by USDA-ARS CRIS project 5442-22000-033-00D. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 48 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 17 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1380-3743 J9 MOL BREEDING JI Mol. Breed. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 30 IS 4 BP 1669 EP 1678 DI 10.1007/s11032-012-9750-7 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 038WN UT WOS:000311204900012 ER PT J AU Scholz, FG Bucci, SJ Arias, N Meinzer, FC Goldstein, G AF Scholz, Fabian G. Bucci, Sandra J. Arias, Nadia Meinzer, Frederick C. Goldstein, Guillermo TI Osmotic and elastic adjustments in cold desert shrubs differing in rooting depth: coping with drought and subzero temperatures SO OECOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Elastic modulus; Hydraulic conductivity; Stomatal conductance; Tissue injury; Water relationships ID PRESSURE-VOLUME RELATIONSHIPS; SOIL-WATER AVAILABILITY; PATAGONIAN STEPPE; CELL-WALL; HYDRAULIC ARCHITECTURE; ARTEMISIA-TRIDENTATA; FREEZING TOLERANCE; PLANT PHENOLOGY; LEAF; ACCLIMATION AB Physiological adjustments to enhance tolerance or avoidance of summer drought and winter freezing were studied in shallow- to deep-rooted Patagonian cold desert shrubs. We measured leaf water potential (I-L), osmotic potential, tissue elasticity, stem hydraulic characteristics, and stomatal conductance (g (S)) across species throughout the year, and assessed tissue damage by subzero temperatures during winter. Species behavior was highly dependent on rooting depth. Substantial osmotic adjustment (up to 1.2 MPa) was observed in deep-rooted species exhibiting relatively small seasonal variations in I-L and with access to a more stable water source, but having a large difference between predawn and midday I-L. On the other hand, shallow-rooted species exposed to large seasonal changes in I-L showed limited osmotic adjustment and incomplete stomatal closure, resulting in turgor loss during periods of drought. The bulk leaf tissue elastic modulus (epsilon) was lower in species with relatively shallow roots. Daily variation in g (S) was larger in shallow-rooted species (more than 50 % of its maximum) and was negatively associated with the difference between I-L at the turgor loss point and minimum I-L (safety margin for turgor maintenance). All species increased epsilon by about 10 MPa during winter. Species with rigid tissue walls exhibited low leaf tissue damage at -20 A degrees C. Our results suggest that osmotic adjustment was the main water relationship adaptation to cope with drought during summer and spring, particularly in deep-rooted plants, and that adjustments in cell wall rigidity during the winter helped to enhance freezing tolerance. C1 [Scholz, Fabian G.; Bucci, Sandra J.; Arias, Nadia; Goldstein, Guillermo] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn CONICET, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Scholz, Fabian G.; Bucci, Sandra J.; Arias, Nadia] Univ Nacl Patagonia San Juan Bosco, Fac Ciencias Nat, GEBEF, Dept Biol, Comodoro Rivadavia, Argentina. [Meinzer, Frederick C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forestry Sci Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Goldstein, Guillermo] Univ Buenos Aires, FCEyN, LEF, Dept Ecol Genet & Evoluc, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Goldstein, Guillermo] Univ Miami, Dept Biol, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. RP Scholz, FG (reprint author), Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn CONICET, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. EM fgscholz@yahoo.com RI Meinzer, Frederick/C-3496-2012; OI Bucci, Sandra Janet/0000-0003-1079-9277 FU CONICET [PIP 112-200801-01703] FX This study was supported by CONICET grant (PIP 112-200801-01703). This work complies with Argentinean Law. NR 55 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 4 U2 67 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0029-8549 J9 OECOLOGIA JI Oecologia PD DEC PY 2012 VL 170 IS 4 BP 885 EP 897 DI 10.1007/s00442-012-2368-y PG 13 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 036AT UT WOS:000310999400001 PM 22644052 ER PT J AU Khiutti, A Afanasenko, O Antonova, O Shuvalov, O Novikova, L Krylova, E Chalaya, N Mironenko, N Spooner, DM Gavrilenko, T AF Khiutti, Alexander Afanasenko, Olga Antonova, Olga Shuvalov, Oleg Novikova, Lubov Krylova, Ekaterina Chalaya, Nadezhda Mironenko, Nina Spooner, David M. Gavrilenko, Tatjana TI Characterization of resistance to Synchytrium endobioticum in cultivated potato accessions from the collection of Vavilov Institute of Plant Industry SO PLANT BREEDING LA English DT Article DE marker-assisted selection; potato; potato wart; resistance; Synchytrium endobioticum; taxonomy ID WART DISEASE; WILD RELATIVES; SCHILB PERC; TAXONOMIC PREDICTIVITY; INHERITANCE; HISTORY; PETOTA; BLIGHT; GENES AB With 7 figures and 1 table Abstract The causal agent of potato wart (Synchytrium endobioticum) is an obligate parasitic chytrid fungus. It is included as a quarantine pathogen in 55 countries, with losses in susceptible cultivars reaching 50100%. The aim of our study was to characterize the resistance to S. endobioticum pathotype 1 in cultivated potatoes from a well-characterized subset of the Vavilov Institute of Plant Industry collection and to determine whether this resistance is associated with cultivated potato species taxonomy, with ploidy, with geographic distance or with a molecular marker Nl25-1400 proposed for molecular screening for resistance to pathotype 1 of S. endobioticum. Within the diversity of 52 landrace genotypes, our work shows a lack of such predictive associations with wart resistance. High intraspecific variation of wart diseases resistance allows the selection of extremely resistant and susceptible genotypes available for future genetic and breeding studies. C1 [Antonova, Olga; Shuvalov, Oleg; Novikova, Lubov; Krylova, Ekaterina; Chalaya, Nadezhda; Gavrilenko, Tatjana] NI Vavilov Inst Plant Ind VIR, Dept Biotechnol, St Petersburg 190000, Russia. [Khiutti, Alexander; Afanasenko, Olga; Mironenko, Nina] All Russian Inst Plant Protect, Lab Plant Immun Dis, St Petersburg 196608, Pushkin, Russia. [Spooner, David M.] Univ Wisconsin, USDA, ARS, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Gavrilenko, Tatjana] St Petersburg State Univ, St Petersburg 199034, Russia. RP Gavrilenko, T (reprint author), NI Vavilov Inst Plant Ind VIR, Dept Biotechnol, Bolshaya Morskaya St 42-44, St Petersburg 190000, Russia. EM tatjana9972@yandex.ru OI Antonova, Olga/0000-0001-8334-8069 FU ISTC [3329]; NSF DEB [0316614] FX This research was supported by grant ISTC 3329 and by NSF DEB 0316614. We thank Christine Gebhardt for review of an earlier draft of our manuscript. NR 44 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 23 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0179-9541 EI 1439-0523 J9 PLANT BREEDING JI Plant Breed. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 131 IS 6 BP 744 EP 750 DI 10.1111/j.1439-0523.2012.02005.x PG 7 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 039GD UT WOS:000311231700010 ER PT J AU Zhang, HC Wang, CF Cheng, YL Chen, XM Han, QM Huang, LL Wei, GR Kang, ZS AF Zhang, Hongchang Wang, Chenfang Cheng, Yulin Chen, Xianming Han, Qingmei Huang, Lili Wei, Guorong Kang, Zhensheng TI Histological and cytological characterization of adult plant resistance to wheat stripe rust SO PLANT CELL REPORTS LA English DT Article DE Age-related resistance; Hypersensitive cell death; Puccinia striiformis; Reactive oxygen species; Triticum aestivum ID F-SP TRITICI; AGE-RELATED RESISTANCE; PUCCINIA-STRIIFORMIS; DURABLE RESISTANCE; INCOMPATIBLE INTERACTIONS; SUBCELLULAR-LOCALIZATION; TRANSCRIPTOME ANALYSIS; DISEASE RESISTANCE; GROWTH-STAGES; LEAF RUST AB Wheat cultivar Xingzi 9104 (XZ) possesses adult plant resistance (APR) to stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst). In this study, histological and cytological experiments were conducted to elucidate the mechanisms of APR in XZ. The results of leaf inoculation experiments indicated that APR was initiated at the tillering stage, gradually increased as the plant aged and highly expressed after boot stage. The histology and oxidative burst in infected leaves of plants at seedling, tillering and boot stages were examined using light microscopic and histochemical methods. Subcellular changes in the host-pathogen interactions during the seedling and boot stages were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that haustorium formation was retarded in the adult plants and that the differentiation of secondary intercellular hyphae was significantly inhibited, which decreased the development of microcolonies in the adult plants, especially in plants of boot stage. The expression of APR to stipe rust during wheat development was clearly associated with extensive hypersensitive cell death of host cells and localized production of reactive oxygen species, which coincided with the restriction of fungal growth in infection sites in adult plants. At the same time, cell wall-related resistance in adult plants prevented ingression of haustorial mother cells into plant cells. Haustorium encasement was coincident with malformation or death of haustoria. The results provide useful information for further determination of mechanisms of wheat APR to stripe rust. Key message The expression of APR to stipe rust in wheat cultivar Xingzi 9104 (XZ) was clearly associated with extensive hypersensitive cell death of host cells and the localized production of reactive oxygen species. C1 [Zhang, Hongchang; Wang, Chenfang; Cheng, Yulin; Han, Qingmei; Huang, Lili; Wei, Guorong; Kang, Zhensheng] NW A&F Univ, State Key Lab Crop Stress Biol Arid Areas, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Hongchang; Wang, Chenfang; Cheng, Yulin; Han, Qingmei; Huang, Lili; Wei, Guorong; Kang, Zhensheng] NW A&F Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Hongchang] NW A&F Univ, Coll Life Sci, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Chen, Xianming] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Kang, ZS (reprint author), NW A&F Univ, State Key Lab Crop Stress Biol Arid Areas, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM kangzs@nwsuaf.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [30930064]; Earmark Fundof China Agriculture Research System [CARS-3-1-11]; Ministry of Education of China [B07049] FX This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30930064), the Earmark Fundof China Agriculture Research System (No. CARS-3-1-11), and the 111 Project from the Ministry of Education of China (No. B07049). NR 50 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 59 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0721-7714 J9 PLANT CELL REP JI Plant Cell Reports PD DEC PY 2012 VL 31 IS 12 BP 2121 EP 2137 DI 10.1007/s00299-012-1322-0 PG 17 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 035MP UT WOS:000310951600001 PM 22833277 ER PT J AU Dees, MW Wanner, LA AF Dees, Merete W. Wanner, Leslie A. TI In Search of Better Management of Potato Common Scab SO POTATO RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Gram-positive plant pathogen; Pathogenicity factors; Streptomyces spp; Thaxtomin ID SOIL MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; PATHOGENIC STREPTOMYCES STRAINS; THAXTOMIN-A; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; NETTED SCAB; SP-NOV; PLANT PATHOGENICITY; SOLANUM-TUBEROSUM; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; POPULATION-DYNAMICS AB Common scab (CS) is an important disease and quality problem in potato crops worldwide. CS degrades the appearance of the potato tubers, thereby diminishing market value. Knowledge of CS has expanded considerably over recent years, enabling improved detection of the causal pathogens and increased understanding of mechanisms of pathogenicity, and providing potential methods of modulating pathogen response for disease resistance. However, effective control of this disease remains elusive, and will require increased understanding of both the host and the pathogen. Traditional control strategies such as irrigation and reduced soil pH are not sufficient and often fail. Optimizing environmental conditions for reduction of CS can also lead to favorable conditions for other diseases. The most desirable control method would be disease-resistant potato cultivars. However, no currently available commercial potato cultivar has been shown to be completely resistant to CS. In this review, we provide an overview of potato CS caused by plant pathogenic Streptomyces species, recent research on mechanisms and management of the disease, and knowledge gaps that limit successful control of this ubiquitous and troublesome disease. C1 [Wanner, Leslie A.] ARS, Genet Improvement Fruit & Vegetables Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Dees, Merete W.] Norwegian Inst Agr & Environm Res, Bioforsk, Plant Hlth & Plant Protect Div, N-1432 As, Norway. RP Wanner, LA (reprint author), ARS, Genet Improvement Fruit & Vegetables Lab, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Leslie.Wanner@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS [1275-21220-250-0OD]; Research Council of Norway; Foundation for Research Levy on Agricultural Products; Agricultural Agreement Research Fund; Norwegian food industries FX Thanks to the helpful commentary of Dr. Jo Anne Crouch, Dr. Linda Kinkel, and an anonymous reviewer in editing the manuscript. This work was partially supported by USDA-ARS project number 1275-21220-250-0OD, the Research Council of Norway, the Foundation for Research Levy on Agricultural Products, the Agricultural Agreement Research Fund, and Norwegian food industries. NR 149 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 3 U2 44 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-3065 J9 POTATO RES JI Potato Res. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 55 IS 3-4 SI SI BP 249 EP 268 DI 10.1007/s11540-012-9206-9 PG 20 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 034KA UT WOS:000310870300006 ER PT J AU Newell, MA Asoro, FG Scott, MP White, PJ Beavis, WD Jannink, JL AF Newell, Mark A. Asoro, Franco G. Scott, M. Paul White, Pamela J. Beavis, William D. Jannink, Jean-Luc TI Genome-wide association study for oat (Avena sativa L.) beta-glucan concentration using germplasm of worldwide origin SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID FALSE DISCOVERY RATE; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; QUANTITATIVE TRAITS; GENE FAMILY; BARLEY; MAP; (1,3/1,4)-BETA-D-GLUCANS; SELECTION; FEATURES AB Detection of quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling complex traits followed by selection has become a common approach for selection in crop plants. The QTL are most often identified by linkage mapping using experimental F-2, backcross, advanced inbred, or doubled haploid families. An alternative approach for QTL detection are genome-wide association studies (GWAS) that use pre-existing lines such as those found in breeding programs. We explored the implementation of GWAS in oat (Avena sativa L.) to identify QTL affecting beta-glucan concentration, a soluble dietary fiber with several human health benefits when consumed as a whole grain. A total of 431 lines of worldwide origin were tested over 2 years and genotyped using Diversity Array Technology (DArT) markers. A mixed model approach was used where both population structure fixed effects and pair-wise kinship random effects were included. Various mixed models that differed with respect to population structure and kinship were tested for their ability to control for false positives. As expected, given the level of population structure previously described in oat, population structure did not play a large role in controlling for false positives. Three independent markers were significantly associated with beta-glucan concentration. Significant marker sequences were compared with rice and one of the three showed sequence homology to genes localized on rice chromosome seven adjacent to the CslF gene family, known to have beta-glucan synthase function. Results indicate that GWAS in oat can be a successful option for QTL detection, more so with future development of higher-density markers. C1 [Jannink, Jean-Luc] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [White, Pamela J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Scott, M. Paul] USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Asoro, Franco G.; Beavis, William D.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Newell, Mark A.] Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA. RP Jannink, JL (reprint author), Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, 407 Bradfield Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM manewell@noble.org; jeanluc.jannink@ars.usda.gov RI Scott, M./E-3291-2010 FU USDA-NIFA [2008-55301-18746] FX Funding for this work was provided by USDA-NIFA grant number 2008-55301-18746 "Association genetics of beta-glucan metabolism to enhance oat germplasm for food and nutritional function". NR 38 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 5 U2 74 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 125 IS 8 BP 1687 EP 1696 DI 10.1007/s00122-012-1945-0 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 035MX UT WOS:000310952400008 PM 22865125 ER PT J AU Nilthong, S Graybosch, RA Baenziger, PS AF Nilthong, Somrudee Graybosch, R. A. Baenziger, P. S. TI Inheritance of grain polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity in multiple wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genetic backgrounds SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID WHOLE-SEED ASSAY; COMMON WHEAT; ALLELIC VARIATION; NOODLE COLOR; CULTIVARS; DURUM; FLOUR AB Grain polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity can cause discoloration of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) food products. Five crosses (PI 117635/Antelope; Fielder/NW03681; Fielder/Antelope; NW07OR1070/Antelope; NW07OR1066/OR2050272H) were selected to study the genetic inheritance of PPO activity. STS markers, PPO18, PPO29 and STS01, were used to identify lines with putative alleles at the Ppo-A1 and Ppo-D1 loci conditioning low or high PPO activity. ANOVA showed significant genotypic effects on PPO activity (P < 0.0001) in all populations. The generations and generation x genotype effects were not significant in any population. A putative third (null) genotype at Ppo-A1 (no PCR fragments for PPO18) was discovered in NW07OR1066 and NW07OR1070 derived populations, and these had the lowest mean PPO activities. Results demonstrated that both Ppo-A1 and Ppo-D1 loci affect the kernel PPO activity, but the Ppo-A1 has the major effect. In three populations, contrary results were observed to those predicted from previous work with Ppo-D1 alleles, suggesting the markers for Ppo-D1 allele might give erroneous results in some genetic backgrounds or lineages. Results suggest that selection for low or null alleles only at Ppo-A1 might allow development of low PPO wheat cultivars. C1 [Graybosch, R. A.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Nilthong, Somrudee; Baenziger, P. S.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Graybosch, RA (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, 137 Keim, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM bob.graybosch@ars.usda.gov RI Baenziger, Peter/C-6490-2014 OI Baenziger, Peter/0000-0002-9109-6954 NR 32 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 125 IS 8 BP 1705 EP 1715 DI 10.1007/s00122-012-1947-y PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 035MX UT WOS:000310952400010 PM 22864385 ER PT J AU Proemse, BC Mayer, B Fenn, ME AF Proemse, Bernadette C. Mayer, Bernhard Fenn, Mark E. TI Tracing industrial sulfur contributions to atmospheric sulfate deposition in the Athabasca oil sands region, Alberta, Canada SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ACID DEPOSITION; ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION; PHASE OXIDATION; CENTRAL-EUROPE; OXYGEN; PRECIPITATION; NITROGEN; RATIOS; FOREST; O-18 AB Anthropogenic S emissions in the Athabasca oil sands region (AOSR) in Alberta, Canada, affect SO4 deposition in close vicinity of industrial emitters. Between May 2008 and May 2009, SO4-S deposition was monitored using open field bulk collectors at 15 sites and throughfall collectors at 14 sites at distances between 3 and 113 km from one of the major emission stacks in the AOSR. At forested plots >90 km from the operations, SO4 deposition was similar to 1.4 kg SO4-S ha (1) yr (1) for bulk deposition and similar to 3.3 kg SO4-S ha (1) yr (1) for throughfall deposition. Throughfall SO4 deposition rates in the AOSR exceeded bulk deposition rates at all sites by a factor of 2-3, indicating significant inputs of dry deposition especially under forest canopies. Both bulk and throughfall SO4 deposition rates were elevated within 29 km distance of the industrial operations with deposition rates as high as 11.7 kg SO4-S ha (1) yr (1) for bulk deposition and 39.2 kg SO4-S ha (1) yr (1) for throughfall at industrial sites. Sulfur isotope ratio measurements of atmospheric SO4 deposited in the AOSR revealed that at a few selected locations S-34-depleted SO4, likely derived from H2S emissions from tailing ponds contributes to local atmospheric SO4 deposition. In general, however, delta S-34 values of SO4 deposition at distant forested plots (>74 km) with low deposition rates were not isotopically different from delta S-34 values at sites with high deposition rates in the AOSR and are, therefore, not suitable to determine industrial S contributions. However, O isotope ratios of atmospheric SO4 in bulk and throughfall deposition in the AOSR showed a distinct trend of decreasing delta O-18-SO4 values with increasing SO4 deposition rates allowing quantification of industrial contributions to atmospheric SO4 deposition. Two-end-member mixing calculations revealed that open field bulk SO4 deposition especially at industrial sites in close proximity (<29 km) to the operations is significantly (17-59%) affected by industrial S emissions and that throughfall generally contained 49-100% SO4 of industrial origin. Hence, it is suggested that delta O-18 values of SO4 may constitute a suitable tracer for quantifying industrial contributions to atmospheric SO4 deposition in the AOSR. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Proemse, Bernadette C.; Mayer, Bernhard] Univ Calgary, Dept Geosci, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. [Fenn, Mark E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Proemse, BC (reprint author), Univ Calgary, Dept Geosci, 2500 Univ Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. EM bcpromse@ucalgary.ca FU Wood Buffalo Environmental Association (WBEA); Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [NSERC CRDPJ 372151-08]; Canada School for Energy and the Environment (CSEE) FX This study was funded by the Wood Buffalo Environmental Association (WBEA), the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC CRDPJ 372151-08), and the Canada School for Energy and the Environment (CSEE). We thank the staff of WBEA for their assistance in project coordination and for obtaining samples, in particular Veronica Chisholm and Kevin Percy. We thank Stephen Taylor and the staff from the Isotope Science Laboratory at University of Calgary for their help with delta34S and delta18O analyses, and Christopher Ross from the USDA Forest Service for his support and chemical analyses of the IER extracts. NR 53 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 56 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0883-2927 J9 APPL GEOCHEM JI Appl. Geochem. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 27 IS 12 BP 2425 EP 2434 DI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2012.08.006 PG 10 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 032YS UT WOS:000310757600015 ER PT J AU Hull, JJ Hoffmann, EJ Perera, OP Snodgrass, GL AF Hull, J. Joe Hoffmann, Eric J. Perera, Omaththage P. Snodgrass, Gordon L. TI IDENTIFICATION OF THE WESTERN TARNISHED PLANT BUG (Lygus hesperus) OLFACTORY CO-RECEPTOR ORCO: EXPRESSION PROFILE AND CONFIRMATION OF ATYPICAL MEMBRANE TOPOLOGY SO ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Lygus hesperus; olfactory co-receptor; olfaction; immunofluorescent microscopy; membrane topology ID DROSOPHILA ODORANT RECEPTORS; MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; HETEROTRIMERIC G-PROTEINS; FEMALE SEX-PHEROMONE; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; TRANSMEMBRANE TOPOLOGY; LINEOLARIS HEMIPTERA; HETEROPTERA MIRIDAE; ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE; INSECT OLFACTION AB Lygus hesperus (western tarnished plant bug) is an agronomically important pest species of numerous cropping systems. Similar to other insects, a critical component underlying behaviors is the perception and discrimination of olfactory cues. Consequently, the molecular basis of olfaction in this species is of interest. To begin to address this issue, we utilized homology-based PCR as a commonly accepted abbreviation but if necessary it is polymerase chain reaction methods to identify the L. hesperus olfactory receptor co-receptor (Orco) ortholog, a receptor that has been shown to be essential for olfaction. The L. hesperus Orco (LhOrco) shares significant sequence homology with known Orco proteins in other insects. Parallel experiments using the sympatric sister species, Lygus lineolaris (tarnished plant bug), revealed that the Lygus Orco gene was completely conserved. Surprisingly, a majority of the membrane topology prediction algorithms used in the study predicted LhOrco to have both the N and C terminus intracellular. In vitro immunofluorescent microscopy experiments designed to probe the membrane topology of transiently expressed LhOrco, however, refuted those predictions and confirmed that the protein adopts the inverted topology (intracellular N terminus and an extracellular C terminus) characteristic of Orco proteins. RT-PCR analyses indicated that LhOrco transcripts are predominantly expressed in adult antennae and to a lesser degree in traditionally nonolfactory chemosensory tissues of the proboscis and legs. Expression is not developmentally regulated because transcripts were detected in all nymphal stages as well as eggs. Taken together, the results suggest that LhOrco likely plays a critical role in mediating L. hesperus odorant perception and discrimination. (C) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Hull, J. Joe; Hoffmann, Eric J.] ARS, USDA, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ USA. [Perera, Omaththage P.; Snodgrass, Gordon L.] ARS, USDA, So Insect Management Res Unit, Stoneville, MS USA. RP Hull, JJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, 21881 N Cardon Lane, Maricopa, AZ USA. EM joe.hull@ars.usda.gov NR 82 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0739-4462 J9 ARCH INSECT BIOCHEM JI Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 81 IS 4 BP 179 EP 198 DI 10.1002/arch.21042 PG 20 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Physiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Physiology GA 033LW UT WOS:000310799000002 PM 22836832 ER PT J AU Wang, J Gao, W Xu, SY Yu, LZ AF Wang, Jun Gao, Wei Xu, Shiyuan Yu, Lizhong TI Evaluation of the combined risk of sea level rise, land subsidence, and storm surges on the coastal areas of Shanghai, China SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article ID ANTARCTIC ICE-SHEET; CLIMATE-CHANGE; UNITED-STATES; RIVER DELTA; IMPACTS; MODEL; 21ST-CENTURY; DEFORMATION; PREDICTION; INDONESIA AB Shanghai is a low-lying city (3-4 m elevation) surrounded on three sides by the East China Sea, the Yangtze River Estuary, and Hangzhou Bay. With a history of rapid changes in sea level and land subsidence, Shanghai is often plagued by extreme typhoon storm surges. The interaction of sea level rise, land subsidence, and storm surges may lead to more complex, variable, and abrupt disasters. In this paper, we used MIKE 21 models to simulate the combined effect of this disaster chain in Shanghai. Projections indicate that the sea level will rise 86.6 mm, 185.6 mm, and 433.1 mm by 2030, 2050, and 2100, respectively. Anthropogenic subsidence is a serious problem. The maximum annual subsidence rate is 24.12 mm/year. By 2100, half of Shanghai is projected to be flooded, and 46 % of the seawalls and levees are projected to be overtopped. The risk of flooding is closely related to the impact of land subsidence on the height of existing seawalls and levees. Land subsidence increases the need for flood control measures in Shanghai. C1 [Wang, Jun; Xu, Shiyuan; Yu, Lizhong] E China Normal Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Geog Informat Sci, Shanghai 200062, Peoples R China. [Wang, Jun; Gao, Wei] Colorado State Univ, USDA, UV B Monitoring & Res Program, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Wang, J (reprint author), E China Normal Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Geog Informat Sci, Shanghai 200062, Peoples R China. EM jwang@geo.ecnu.edu.cn; wgao@uvb.nrel.colostate.edu; syxu@geo.ecnu.edu.cn; lzyu@admin.ecnu.edu.cn RI Gao, Wei/O-1208-2013; Gao, Wei/C-1430-2016 FU National Basic Research Program of China [2010CB951603]; Shanghai Youth Science and Technology Venus Program [09QA1401800]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [40730526, 40901010]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; Education Ministry [12YJCZH257] FX This paper was financially supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (No. 2010CB951603), the Shanghai Youth Science and Technology Venus Program (No. 09QA1401800), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40730526, 40901010), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, and the Humanities and social science projects of Education Ministry, (No. 12YJCZH257). The authors would like to thank Dr. Ye Mingwu, Ms. Huang Jing and Hou Yulan, for their assistance in model analysis. Finally, we have to extend our thanks to the professors who, in their busiest schedules, draw out enough time to review this paper. NR 67 TC 36 Z9 43 U1 8 U2 112 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD DEC PY 2012 VL 115 IS 3-4 BP 537 EP 558 DI 10.1007/s10584-012-0468-7 PG 22 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 032TI UT WOS:000310741600007 ER PT J AU Stark, SC Leitold, V Wu, JL Hunter, MO de Castilho, CV Costa, FRC McMahon, SM Parker, GG Shimabukuro, MT Lefsky, MA Keller, M Alves, LF Schietti, J Shimabukuro, YE Brandao, DO Woodcock, TK Higuchi, N de Camargo, PB de Oliveira, RC Saleska, SR AF Stark, Scott C. Leitold, Veronika Wu, Jin L. Hunter, Maria O. de Castilho, Carolina V. Costa, Flavia R. C. McMahon, Sean M. Parker, Geoffrey G. Shimabukuro, Monica Takako Lefsky, Michael A. Keller, Michael Alves, Luciana F. Schietti, Juliana Shimabukuro, Yosio Edemir Brandao, Diego O. Woodcock, Tara K. Higuchi, Niro de Camargo, Plinio B. de Oliveira, Raimundo C. Saleska, Scott R. TI Amazon forest carbon dynamics predicted by profiles of canopy leaf area and light environment SO ECOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Biomass growth; carbon balance; gap fraction; leaf area profiles; remote sensing of canopy structure; LiDAR ID TROPICAL RAIN-FOREST; ECOSYSTEM STRUCTURE; METABOLIC ECOLOGY; LIDAR DATA; TREE SIZE; BIOMASS; VEGETATION; HEIGHT; MODELS; GROWTH AB Tropical forest structural variation across heterogeneous landscapes may control above-ground carbon dynamics. We tested the hypothesis that canopy structure (leaf area and light availability) remotely estimated from LiDAR control variation in above-ground coarse wood production (biomass growth). Using a statistical model, these factors predicted biomass growth across tree size classes in forest near Manaus, Brazil. The same statistical model, with no parameterisation change but driven by different observed canopy structure, predicted the higher productivity of a site 500 similar to km east. Gap fraction and a metric of vegetation vertical extent and evenness also predicted biomass gains and losses for one-hectare plots. Despite significant site differences in canopy structure and carbon dynamics, the relation between biomass growth and light fell on a unifying curve. This supported our hypothesis, suggesting that knowledge of canopy structure can explain variation in biomass growth over tropical landscapes and improve understanding of ecosystem function. C1 [Stark, Scott C.; Leitold, Veronika; Wu, Jin L.; Alves, Luciana F.; Woodcock, Tara K.; Saleska, Scott R.] Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Hunter, Maria O.; Keller, Michael] Univ New Hampshire, Complex Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [de Castilho, Carolina V.; Costa, Flavia R. C.; Schietti, Juliana; Brandao, Diego O.; Higuchi, Niro] INPA, BR-69011970 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. [McMahon, Sean M.; Parker, Geoffrey G.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Forest Ecol Grp, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [McMahon, Sean M.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ctr Trop Forest Sci, Panama City, Panama. [Shimabukuro, Monica Takako; Shimabukuro, Yosio Edemir] Brazilian Inst Space Res INPE, BR-12227010 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Lefsky, Michael A.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Keller, Michael] US Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, USDA, San Juan, PR 00926 USA. [Alves, Luciana F.] Nucleo Pesquisa Ecol, Inst Bot, BR-01031970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Alves, Luciana F.] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res INSTAAR, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [de Camargo, Plinio B.] Univ Sao Paulo, CENA, Lab Ecol Isotop, BR-13400970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [de Oliveira, Raimundo C.] Embrapa Amazonia Oriental, BR-68035110 Santarem, Para, Brazil. [de Castilho, Carolina V.] Embrapa Roraima, BR-69301970 Boa Vista, Roraima, Brazil. [Keller, Michael] Embrapa Monitoramento Satelite, Sao Paulo, Brazil. RP Stark, SC (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM scott.c.stark@gmail.com RI Alves, Luciana/E-1141-2012; Camargo, Plinio/D-6635-2012; Cenbam, Inct/J-9844-2013; Schietti, Juliana/B-8226-2015; Keller, Michael/A-8976-2012; OI Alves, Luciana/0000-0002-8944-1851; Schietti, Juliana/0000-0002-1687-4373; Keller, Michael/0000-0002-0253-3359; Parker, Geoffrey/0000-0001-7055-6491 NR 50 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 4 U2 101 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1461-023X J9 ECOL LETT JI Ecol. Lett. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 15 IS 12 BP 1406 EP 1414 DI 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2012.01864.x PG 9 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 026CO UT WOS:000310250600007 PM 22994288 ER PT J AU Badea, O Bytnerowicz, A Silaghi, D Neagu, S Barbu, I Iacoban, C Iacob, C Guiman, G Preda, E Seceleanu, I Oneata, M Dumitru, I Huber, V Iuncu, H Dinca, L Leca, S Taut, I AF Badea, Ovidiu Bytnerowicz, Andrzej Silaghi, Diana Neagu, Stefan Barbu, Ion Iacoban, Carmen Iacob, Corneliu Guiman, Gheorghe Preda, Elena Seceleanu, Ioan Oneata, Marian Dumitru, Ion Huber, Viorela Iuncu, Horia Dinca, Lucian Leca, Stefan Taut, Ioan TI Status of the Southern Carpathian forests in the long-term ecological research network SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Air pollution; Climatic conditions; Atmospheric deposition; Drought; Forest health; Biodiversity; Tree growth ID RETEZAT MOUNTAINS; FAGUS-SYLVATICA; AIR-POLLUTION; AMBIENT OZONE; PICEA-ABIES; EXPOSURE; AMMONIA; HEALTH; GROWTH; PRECIPITATION AB Air pollution, bulk precipitation, throughfall, soil condition, foliar nutrients, as well as forest health and growth were studied in 2006-2009 in a long-term ecological research (LTER) network in the Bucegi Mountains, Romania. Ozone (O-3) was high indicating a potential for phytotoxicity. Ammonia (NH3) concentrations rose to levels that could contribute to deposition of nutritional nitrogen (N) and could affect biodiversity changes. Higher that 50% contribution of acidic rain (pH < 5.5) contributed to increased acidity of forest soils. Foliar N concentrations for Norway spruce (Picea abies), Silver fir (Abies alba), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), and European beech (Fagus sylvatica) were normal, phosphorus (P) was high, while those of potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), and especially of manganese (Mn) were significantly below the typical European or Carpathian region levels. The observed nutritional imbalance could have negative effects on forest trees. Health of forests was moderately affected, with damaged trees (crown defoliation > 25%) higher than 30%. The observed crown damage was accompanied by the annual volume losses for the entire research forest area up to 25.4%. High diversity and evenness specific to the stand type's structures and local climate conditions were observed within the herbaceous layer, indicating that biodiversity of the vascular plant communities was not compromised. C1 [Badea, Ovidiu; Silaghi, Diana; Neagu, Stefan; Barbu, Ion; Iacoban, Carmen; Iacob, Corneliu; Guiman, Gheorghe; Oneata, Marian; Dinca, Lucian; Leca, Stefan; Taut, Ioan] Forest Res & Management Inst ICAS, Voluntari 077190, Ilfov, Romania. [Bytnerowicz, Andrzej] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Preda, Elena] Univ Bucharest, Bucharest 050107, Romania. [Seceleanu, Ioan; Iuncu, Horia] Natl Forest Adm Romsilva, Bucharest 010325, Romania. [Badea, Ovidiu; Silaghi, Diana; Huber, Viorela; Leca, Stefan] Transilvania Univ Brasov, Brasov 500030, Romania. [Dumitru, Ion] Valahia Univ, Targoviste 130024, Dambovita, Romania. RP Badea, O (reprint author), Forest Res & Management Inst ICAS, Eroilor Bld 128, Voluntari 077190, Ilfov, Romania. EM obadea@icas.ro RI Silaghi, Diana/P-5387-2014; Neagu, Stefan/A-4993-2011 OI Silaghi, Diana/0000-0002-5374-7998; Neagu, Stefan/0000-0002-2399-3864 FU Romanian Research Agency; European Commission; Romanian National Forest Administration (Romsilva), under the LIFE+ program FX We acknowledge financial support from the Romanian Research Agency's Excellence Research Program, in the framework of the project "Long-term effects of air pollution on selected forest ecosystems in the Bucegi Natural Park-EPAEFOR," which is an ongoing and fruitful consortium collaboration between the Forest Research and Management Institute (ICAS), USDA Forest Service, Transylvania University, Bucharest University, and National Forest Administration (Romsilva). Since 2010, this research has been conducted with the support of the European Commission and the Romanian National Forest Administration (Romsilva), under the LIFE+ program (EnvEurope project). The authors thank Ms. Laurie Dunne for technical editing. NR 63 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 46 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 EI 1573-2959 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 184 IS 12 BP 7491 EP 7515 DI 10.1007/s10661-011-2515-7 PG 25 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 032TO UT WOS:000310742200034 PM 22234644 ER PT J AU Huang, XZ Chahine, MA Frye, JG Cash, DM Lesho, EP Craft, DW Lindler, LE Nikolich, MP AF Huang, X. -Z. Chahine, M. A. Frye, J. G. Cash, D. M. Lesho, E. P. Craft, D. W. Lindler, L. E. Nikolich, M. P. TI Molecular analysis of imipenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from US service members wounded in Iraq, 2003-2008 SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE A. baumannii; imipenem resistance; OXA-23 ID MEDICAL-CENTER; MILITARY; STRAINS; SPREAD; GENES AB Global dissemination of imipenem-resistant (IR) clones of Acinetobacter baumannii-A. calcoaceticus complex (ABC) have been frequently reported but the molecular epidemiological features of IR-ABC in military treatment facilities (MTFs) have not been described. We characterized 46 IR-ABC strains from a dataset of 298 ABC isolates collected from US service members hospitalized in different US MTFs domestically and overseas during 2003-2008. All IR strains carried the bla(OXA-51) gene and 40 also carried bla(OXA-23) on plasmids and/or chromosome; one carried bla(OXA-58) and four contained ISAbal located upstream of bla(OXA-51). Strains tended to cluster by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles in time and location. Strains from two major clusters were identified as international clone I by multilocus sequence typing. C1 [Huang, X. -Z.; Chahine, M. A.; Cash, D. M.; Lesho, E. P.; Craft, D. W.; Nikolich, M. P.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Bacterial & Rickettsial Dis, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Frye, J. G.] ARS, Bacterial Epidemiol & Antimicrobial Resistance Re, USDA, Athens, GA USA. [Lindler, L. E.] Dept Homeland Secur, Chem Biol Def Div, Sci & Technol Directorate, Washington, DC USA. RP Huang, XZ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Bacterial & Rickettsial Dis, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM xiaozhe.huang1.ctr@us.army.mil RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013; Frye, Jonathan/I-6382-2013 OI Frye, Jonathan/0000-0002-8500-3395 FU DoD-Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System (GEIS) FX We thank Tacita Hamilton for part of the PFGE technical support. Mark Adams provided advice on identification of the AbaR4 resistance island. This work was funded by the DoD-Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System (GEIS). The findings and opinions expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official views of the WRAIR, the US Army, the Department of Defense, the US Department of Agriculture or the Department of Homeland Security. The mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. NR 19 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 12 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 140 IS 12 BP 2302 EP 2307 DI 10.1017/S0950268811002871 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 031IC UT WOS:000310631700020 PM 22273504 ER PT J AU DeGrandi-Hoffman, G Ahumada, F Probasco, G Schantz, L AF DeGrandi-Hoffman, Gloria Ahumada, Fabiana Probasco, Gene Schantz, Lloyd TI The effects of beta acids from hops (Humulus lupulus) on mortality of Varroa destructor (Acari: Varroidae) SO EXPERIMENTAL AND APPLIED ACAROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Varroa destructor; Apis mellifera; Humulus lupulus; Package bees ID APIS-MELLIFERA L.; DEFORMED WING VIRUS; MITE TETRANYCHUS-URTICAE; HONEY-BEE HYMENOPTERA; JACOBSONI OUD; UNITED-STATES; WORKER BROOD; OXALIC-ACID; APIDAE; COLONIES AB Hop (Humulus lupulus L.) beta acids (HBA) were tested for miticidal effects on varroa destructor Anderson and Trueman, a parasitic mite of the honey bee (Apis mellifera L.). When varroa were placed on bees that had topical applications of 1 % HBA, there was 100 % mite mortality. Bee mortality was unaffected. Cardboard strips saturated with HBA and placed in colonies resulted in mite drop that was significantly greater than in untreated hives. HBA was detected on about 60 % of the bees in colonies during the first 48 h after application. Mite drop in colonies lasted for about 7 days with the highest drop occurring in the first 2-3 days after treatment. There was a reduction in the percentages of bees with HBA and in the amounts on their bodies after 7 days. Bee and queen mortality in the colonies were not affected by HBA treatments. When cardboard strips saturated with HBA were put in packages of bees, more than 90 % of the mites were killed without an increase in bee mortality. HBA might have potential to control varroa when establishing colonies from packages or during broodless periods. C1 [DeGrandi-Hoffman, Gloria] USDA ARS, Carl Hayden Bee Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85718 USA. [Ahumada, Fabiana; Probasco, Gene; Schantz, Lloyd] BetaTec Hop Prod, Washington, DC 20016 USA. RP DeGrandi-Hoffman, G (reprint author), USDA ARS, Carl Hayden Bee Res Ctr, 2000 E Allen Rd, Tucson, AZ 85718 USA. EM Gloria.Hoffman@ARS.USDA.GOV; info@betatechopproducts.com NR 39 TC 7 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 57 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-8162 J9 EXP APPL ACAROL JI Exp. Appl. Acarol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 58 IS 4 BP 407 EP 421 DI 10.1007/s10493-012-9593-2 PG 15 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 030RN UT WOS:000310587900006 PM 22767150 ER PT J AU Kirrane, MJ de Guzman, LI Rinderer, TE Frake, AM Wagnitz, J Whelan, PM AF Kirrane, Maria J. de Guzman, Lilia I. Rinderer, Thomas E. Frake, Amanda M. Wagnitz, Jeremy Whelan, Padraig M. TI Age and reproductive status of adult Varroa mites affect grooming success of honey bees SO EXPERIMENTAL AND APPLIED ACAROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Varroa destructor; Grooming; Hygienic behaviour; Gravid mites; Daughter mites ID APIS-MELLIFERA L; JACOBSONI OUD; WORKER BROOD; CERANA; COLONIES; BEHAVIOR; DEBRIS; APIDAE AB This study evaluated for the first time the grooming response of honey bees to Varroa mites of different ages and reproductive statuses in the laboratory. Plastic cages containing a section of dark comb and about 200 bees were inoculated with groups of four classes of mites: gravid, phoretic foundresses, phoretic daughters and a combination of gravid and phoretic foundress mites. Each cage received 20 mites belonging to one of these classes. Our results showed that, 1 day after mite inoculation, phoretic daughter mites were the most prone to grooming by honey bees with an average mite drop of 49.8 +/- 2.6 %. The lowest mite drop was recorded for bees inoculated with phoretic foundresses (30.3 +/- 3.6 %) but was comparable to bees inoculated with gravid mites (31.8 +/- 3.8 %) and the combination of gravid and phoretic foundress mites (34.2 +/- 3.2 %). No differences among mite types were detected during the second and third days of observation. Regardless of mite type, the highest mite drop was recorded on the first day (35 +/- 2.1 %) compared to the drop for any subsequent day (< 10 %). Because of the great reproductive potential of daughter mites, their inclusion in assessments of grooming behaviour may increase our insight into the importance of grooming in mite resistance. C1 [Kirrane, Maria J.; Whelan, Padraig M.] Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Cork, Environm Res Inst, Cork, Ireland. [Kirrane, Maria J.; Whelan, Padraig M.] Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Cork, Sch Biol Earth & Environm Sci BEES, Cork, Ireland. [de Guzman, Lilia I.; Rinderer, Thomas E.; Frake, Amanda M.; Wagnitz, Jeremy] USDA ARS, Honey Bee Breeding Genet & Physiol Lab, Baton Rouge, LA 70820 USA. RP Kirrane, MJ (reprint author), Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Cork, Environm Res Inst, Cork, Ireland. EM m.kirrane@umail.ucc.ie FU Irish Research Council for Science, Engineering and Technology; National University of Ireland FX We thank J. Wales, T. Stelzer, A. Prudente, M. May and G. Delatte for their technical help. Maria Kirrane was funded by the Irish Research Council for Science, Engineering and Technology and her travel to the U.S.A. was funded by a Travelling Studentship Award from the National University of Ireland. NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 51 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-8162 J9 EXP APPL ACAROL JI Exp. Appl. Acarol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 58 IS 4 BP 423 EP 430 DI 10.1007/s10493-012-9591-4 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 030RN UT WOS:000310587900007 PM 22752670 ER PT J AU Carlsen, T Aas, AB Lindner, D Vralstad, T Schumacher, T Kauserud, H AF Carlsen, Tor Aas, Anders Bjornsgaard Lindner, Daniel Vralstad, Trude Schumacher, Trond Kauserud, Havard TI Don't make a mista(g)ke: is tag switching an overlooked source of error in amplicon pyrosequencing studies? SO FUNGAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material DE Amplicon pyrosequencing; Diversity; Fungi; High throughput sequencing; Sequencing errors ID DIVERSITY; PRIMERS; SAMPLES C1 [Carlsen, Tor; Aas, Anders Bjornsgaard; Vralstad, Trude; Schumacher, Trond; Kauserud, Havard] Univ Oslo, Dept Biol, MERG, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway. [Lindner, Daniel] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Ctr Forest Mycol Res, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Carlsen, T (reprint author), Univ Oslo, Dept Biol, MERG, POB 1066 Blindern, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway. EM tor.carlsen@bio.uio.no NR 20 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 4 U2 47 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1754-5048 J9 FUNGAL ECOL JI Fungal Ecol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 5 IS 6 BP 747 EP 749 DI 10.1016/j.funeco.2012.06.003 PG 3 WC Ecology; Mycology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mycology GA 032KR UT WOS:000310717800013 ER PT J AU Xu, DH Klesius, PH Bosworth, BG Chatakondi, N AF Xu, D-H Klesius, P. H. Bosworth, B. G. Chatakondi, N. TI Susceptibility of three strains of blue catfish, Ictalurus furcatus (Valenciennes), to Ichthyophthirius multifiliis SO JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES LA English DT Article DE blue catfish; cohabitation; Ichthyophthirius multifiliis; infection; mortality; susceptibility ID CYPRINUS-CARPIO L; CHANNEL CATFISH; PUNCTATUS RAFINESQUE; CHALLENGE MODEL; FOUQUET; HYBRIDS; INFECTION; FISH; IMMUNIZATION; CILIOPHORA AB This study compared the susceptibility of three blue catfish strains (D&B, USDA 101 and USDA 102) to the parasite Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Ich). In Trial I, a cohabitation study (all strains stocked communally) was conducted and fish were exposed to theronts at 0, 200, 1000, 5000 or 25 000 theronts fish-1, respectively. All fish died when exposed to theronts at 5000 or 25 000 theronts fish(-1). When exposed to 1000 theronts fish(-1), USDA 102 strain of blue catfish showed significantly lower mortality (78.5%) compared to USDA 101 and D&B strains (92.7% and 100%). In Trial II, the same three strains of blue fish were evaluated for their susceptibility to Ich with strains challenged in separate tanks by adding Ich theronts at 0, 200 and 1000 theronts fish(-1), respectively. All D&B and USDA 101 blue catfish died; however, 42.3% of USDA 102 strain survived the infection when exposed to 1000 theronts per fish. The results indicate that there are differences among strains of blue catfish for susceptibility to Ich, and these differences will be useful in the development of improved catfish germplasm for commercial aquaculture. C1 [Xu, D-H; Klesius, P. H.] USDA ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. [Bosworth, B. G.; Chatakondi, N.] USDA ARS, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Stoneville, MS USA. RP Xu, DH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Lab, 990 Wire Rd, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM dehai.xu@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS CRIS [6420-32000-024-00D] FX This work was supported by USDA-ARS CRIS no. 6420-32000-024-00D. The authors thank Debbie Boykin, USDA Agricultural Research Service and Dr John Zhang, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for their assistance on statistical analysis. We also thank Curtis Days and Jana Mladek for technical support and caring of fish. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. NR 34 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0140-7775 J9 J FISH DIS JI J. Fish Dis. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 35 IS 12 BP 887 EP 895 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2761.2012.01436.x PG 9 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA 032PN UT WOS:000310731400002 PM 22913314 ER PT J AU Hanberry, BB Palik, BJ He, HS AF Hanberry, Brice B. Palik, Brian J. He, Hong S. TI Comparison of historical and current forest surveys for detection of homogenization and mesophication of Minnesota forests SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aspen; Drought; Historical ecology; General Land Office; Succession; Tamarack ID NORTH-AMERICA; BIOTIC HOMOGENIZATION; SPATIAL-PATTERNS; QUERCUS-RUBRA; OAK DECLINE; NEW-ENGLAND; LAND-USE; DROUGHT; CLIMATE; MORTALITY AB Intense harvesting and slash fires during the late 1800s and early 1900s led to homogenization throughout the Great Lakes region via the conversion from tamarack, pine, and spruce forests to aspen forests, which are supported by the forest products industry. Subsequently, mesophication occurred in the eastern United States due to fire suppression, transforming oak woodlands to mixed mesophytic forests. We explored both homogenization and mesophication at a regional scale by quantifying changes in community composition and density between historical General Land Office survey points and current USDA Forest Analysis and Inventory plots for Minnesota's Laurentian Mixed and Eastern Broadleaf Forest provinces. We used the Morisita plotless density estimator and applied corrections for surveyor bias to estimate density for historical forests and we used known densities of FIA plots to predict current densities with random forests, an ensemble regression tree method, and terrain and soil predictor variables. Of the 43 ecological units used in the analysis, only one current community was similar to its historical counterpart. Within the Laurentian Mixed Forest province, forest density of primarily mature aspen stands is reduced slightly today compared to the tamarack-dominated forests of the past. Conversely, in the Eastern Broadleaf Forest province, forest densities have increased compared to historical pine and oak woodlands, due to increases of densely growing, fire-sensitive species. Ordinations of functional traits and structure showed substantial changes between current and historical communities as well as reduced differentiation among current communities compared to their historical counterparts. Homogenization in the Laurentian Mixed Forest is occurring by transition from early-successional to late-successional species, with associated changes in forest ecosystems, and homogenization and mesophication in the Eastern Broadleaf Forest are occurring by transition from disturbance-stabilized genera of open forest ecosystems to non-disturbance-dependent genera of dense forests. Despite different starting points of historical forest ecosystems in the Laurentian Mixed Forest and Eastern Broadleaf Forest, we found homogenization and mesophication to be interrelated in the convergence of composition and densities along a common trajectory to dense forests composed of late-successional species in Minnesota. C1 [Hanberry, Brice B.; He, Hong S.] Univ Missouri, Dept Forestry, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Palik, Brian J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. RP Hanberry, BB (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Forestry, 203 Nat Resources Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM hanberryb@missouri.edu OI He, Hong S./0000-0002-3983-2512 FU National Fire Plan, USDA Forest Service FX We thank anonymous reviewers for their suggestions. We received funding from the National Fire Plan, USDA Forest Service. NR 51 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 61 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-2973 J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL JI Landsc. Ecol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 27 IS 10 BP 1495 EP 1512 DI 10.1007/s10980-012-9805-5 PG 18 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 030RH UT WOS:000310587300009 ER PT J AU Friesen, TL Chu, CG Xu, SS Faris, JD AF Friesen, Timothy L. Chu, Chenggen Xu, Steven S. Faris, Justin D. TI SnTox5-Snn5: a novel Stagonospora nodorum effector-wheat gene interaction and its relationship with the SnToxA-Tsn1 and SnTox3-Snn3-B1 interactions SO MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HOST-SELECTIVE TOXINS; TAN SPOT; TRIGGERED SUSCEPTIBILITY; SEEDLING RESISTANCE; PTR TOXA; DISEASE; PATHOSYSTEM; SENSITIVITY; BLOTCH; SYSTEM AB The Stagonospora nodorumwheat interaction involves multiple pathogen-produced necrotrophic effectors that interact directly or indirectly with specific host gene products to induce the disease Stagonospora nodorum blotch (SNB). Here, we used a tetraploid wheat mapping population to identify and characterize a sixth effectorhost gene interaction in the wheatS.?nodorum system. Initial characterization of the effector SnTox5 indicated that it is a proteinaceous necrotrophic effector that induces necrosis on host lines harbouring the Snn5 sensitivity gene, which was mapped to the long arm of wheat chromosome 4B. On the basis of ultrafiltration, SnTox5 is probably in the size range 1030?kDa. Analysis of SNB development in the mapping population indicated that the SnTox5Snn5 interaction explains 37%63% of the variation, demonstrating that this interaction plays a significant role in disease development. When the SnTox5Snn5 and SnToxATsn1 interactions occurred together, the level of SNB was increased significantly. Similar to several other interactions in this system, the SnTox5Snn5 interaction is light dependent, suggesting that multiple interactions may exploit the same pathways to cause disease. C1 [Friesen, Timothy L.; Xu, Steven S.; Faris, Justin D.] ARS, Biosci Res Lab, USDA, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Friesen, Timothy L.; Chu, Chenggen] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. RP Friesen, TL (reprint author), ARS, Biosci Res Lab, USDA, 1605 Albrecht Blvd N, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM timothy.friesen@ars.usda.gov FU US Department of Agriculture-National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (USDA-NIFA AFRI) [2009-04265]; USDA-Agricultural Research Service Current Research Information System (USDA-ARS CRIS) [5442-22000-043-09G] FX We thank Danielle Holmes for technical support and Drs Zengcui Zhang and Lynn Dahleen for critical review of the manuscript. This work was funded by the US Department of Agriculture-National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (USDA-NIFA AFRI) Microbial Biology Program-Competitive grant #2009-04265 and USDA-Agricultural Research Service Current Research Information System (USDA-ARS CRIS) #5442-22000-043-09G. NR 29 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 26 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1464-6722 J9 MOL PLANT PATHOL JI Mol. Plant Pathol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 13 IS 9 BP 1101 EP 1109 DI 10.1111/j.1364-3703.2012.00819.x PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 025EF UT WOS:000310167600011 PM 22830423 ER PT J AU Naumann, TA Price, NPJ AF Naumann, Todd A. Price, Neil P. J. TI Truncation of class IV chitinases from Arabidopsis by secreted fungal proteases SO MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AMINO-ACID-SEQUENCE; EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT; PLANT CHITINASES; MAIZE SEED; PROTEIN; SIMILARITIES; EXPRESSION; GENE; MUTANT AB Plant class IV chitinases have a small amino-terminal chitin-binding domain and a larger chitinase domain, and are involved in plant defence against fungal infection. Our previous work on the chitinases ChitA and ChitB from the model monocotyledon Zea mays showed that the chitin-binding domain is removed by secreted fungal proteases called fungalysins. In this article, we extend this work to dicotyledons. The effects of fungalysin-like proteases on four class IV chitinases from the model dicotyledon Arabidopsis thaliana were analysed. Four Arabidopsis chitinases were heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris, purified and shown to have chitinase activity against a chitohexaose (dp6) substrate. The incubation of these four chitinases with Fv-cmp, a fungalysin protease secreted by Fusarium verticillioides, resulted in the truncation of AtchitIV3 and AtchitIV5. Moreover, incubation with secreted proteins from Alternaria brassicae, a pathogen of A. thaliana and brassica crops, also led to a similar truncation of AtchitIV3 and AtchitIV4. Our finding that class IV chitinases from both dicotyledons (A. thaliana) and monocotyledons (Z. mays) are truncated by proteases secreted by specialized pathogens of each plant suggests that this may be a general mechanism of plantfungal pathogenicity. C1 [Naumann, Todd A.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Price, Neil P. J.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Renewable Prod Technol Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Naumann, TA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM todd.naumann@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1464-6722 J9 MOL PLANT PATHOL JI Mol. Plant Pathol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 13 IS 9 BP 1135 EP 1139 DI 10.1111/j.1364-3703.2012.00805.x PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 025EF UT WOS:000310167600014 PM 22512872 ER PT J AU Guo, WX Maas, SJ Bronson, KF AF Guo, Wenxuan Maas, Stephan J. Bronson, Kevin F. TI Relationship between cotton yield and soil electrical conductivity, topography, and Landsat imagery SO PRECISION AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Apparent electrical conductivity; Remote sensing; Bare soil brightness; Topography; Yield monitor ID SOUTHERN HIGH-PLAINS; LANDSCAPE POSITION; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; LINT YIELD; GRAIN-YIELD; MANAGEMENT; CLASSIFICATION; PRODUCTIVITY; AGRICULTURE; EROSION AB Understanding spatial and temporal variability in crop yield is a prerequisite to implementing site-specific management of crop inputs. Apparent soil electrical conductivity (ECa), soil brightness, and topography are easily obtained data that can explain yield variability. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the spatial and temporal variability in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) yield and determine the relationship between yield and soil ECa, topography, and bare soil brightness at a field level in multiple growing seasons. A 50-ha field grown with cotton from 2000 to 2003 and 2005 on the Southern High Plains of Texas was selected for this study. Yield was negatively correlated with bare soil brightness (-0.47 < r < -0.33 for red band) and positively correlated with ECa (0.08 < r < 0.29 for 30-cm ECa and 0.28 < r < 0.44 for 90-cm ECa). Yield had stronger correlation with relative elevation and slope than with profile curvature and planar curvature. Combined, ECa, topographic attributes, and bare soil brightness explained up to 70.1 % of cotton yield variability. Bare soil brightness and ECa were strongly related to soil texture. Brighter soils with low ECa values had lower clay content. Yield and soil properties had stronger correlation in dry growing seasons than in wet growing seasons. Cotton yield variability pattern was relatively stable across different growing seasons. Soil texture was one of the greatest factors influencing cotton yield variability. Results of this study provide a basis for site-specific management of yield goals and variable rate application of water, fertilizers, seeds, and other inputs. C1 [Guo, Wenxuan] S Plains Precis Ag, Plainview, TX 79072 USA. [Maas, Stephan J.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. [Bronson, Kevin F.] ARS, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. RP Guo, WX (reprint author), S Plains Precis Ag, 2810 N Quincy, Plainview, TX 79072 USA. EM wenxuang@gmail.com NR 43 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 30 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1385-2256 J9 PRECIS AGRIC JI Precis. Agric. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 13 IS 6 BP 678 EP 692 DI 10.1007/s11119-012-9277-2 PG 15 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 032VA UT WOS:000310746000005 ER PT J AU Booth, SL Centi, AJ Gundberg, C AF Booth, Sarah L. Centi, Amanda J. Gundberg, Caren TI Bone as an Endocrine Organ Relevant to Diabetes SO CURRENT DIABETES REPORTS LA English DT Article DE Bone; Diabetes; Osteocalcin; Insulin resistance ID POSTMENOPAUSAL HORMONE-THERAPY; BETA-CELL FUNCTION; AGED MALE-SUBJECTS; SERUM OSTEOCALCIN; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; ENERGY-METABOLISM; VITAMIN-K; UNDERCARBOXYLATED OSTEOCALCIN; GLUCOSE-METABOLISM; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE AB There are well-established associations between diabetes and fracture risk and yet the mechanism underlying these associations are controversial. Guided by a series of mouse studies, a specific form of the bone protein, osteocalcin, was proposed to be the mechanistic link between these two chronic diseases. Translation to humans initially appeared elusive in part because serum concentrations of osteocalcin are a biomarker of bone turnover and not necessarily specific to the biology of this protein. The suitability of the mouse model for the study of osteocalcin as a therapeutic target also appears ambiguous. With greater discrimination of the different forms of osteocalcin present in circulation and inclusion of multiple measures of bone turnover, evidence currently does not support osteocalcin as a protein critical to the diabetes and fracture association in humans. C1 [Booth, Sarah L.; Centi, Amanda J.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Gundberg, Caren] Yale Univ, Sch Med, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Booth, SL (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM sarah.booth@tufts.edu FU USDA, Agricultural Research Service [58-1950-7-707] FX This study was supported by the USDA, Agricultural Research Service under Cooperative Agreement No. 58-1950-7-707. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the USDA. NR 72 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU CURRENT MEDICINE GROUP PI PHILADELPHIA PA 400 MARKET STREET, STE 700, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1534-4827 EI 1539-0829 J9 CURR DIABETES REP JI Curr. Diabetes Rep. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 14 IS 12 BP 556 EP U44 DI 10.1007/s11892-014-0556-3 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA AS9IK UT WOS:000344556300005 PM 25344791 ER PT J AU Redmond, MD Forcella, F Barger, NN AF Redmond, Miranda D. Forcella, Frank Barger, Nichole N. TI Declines in pinyon pine cone production associated with regional warming SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE climate change; mast seeding; Pinus edulis; pinyon-juniper woodlands; regeneration; reproduction ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; RECENT CLIMATE-CHANGE; TREE MORTALITY-RATES; CHANGE-TYPE DROUGHT; SEEDLING ESTABLISHMENT; EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY; TEMPERATE FOREST; DIE-OFF; MAST; VARIABILITY AB Global climate change is expected to produce large shifts in vegetation distribution and has already increased tree mortality, altering forest structure. However, long-term shifts will be partly dependent on the ability of species to reproduce under a novel climate. Few studies have examined the impact of climate change on the reproductive output of long-lived 'masting' species, or species characterized by episodic reproductive events. Here, we show that seed cone production among pinyon pine (Pinus edulis), a masting species, declined by 40% from the 1974 decade (1969-1978) to the 2008 decade (2003-2012) in revisited stands throughout New Mexico and northwestern Oklahoma. Seed cone production was highly correlated with late summer temperatures at the time of cone initiation. Further, declines in seed cone production were greatest among populations that experienced the greatest increases in growing season temperatures, which were the populations located at the cooler, upper elevations. As growing season temperatures are predicted to increase across this region over the next century, these findings suggest seed cone production may be an increasingly important bottleneck for future pinyon pine regeneration, especially in areas with greater increases in temperature. Declines in seed cone production may not only affect pinyon pine population dynamics but also the various wildlife species that rely on pinyon pine seeds. Because pinyon pine has similar reproductive strategies as other semi-arid pine species, increasing temperature may negatively influence reproductive output of other conifers. Further investigation into the full geographic and taxonomic extent of these seed declines is warranted. C1 [Redmond, Miranda D.; Barger, Nichole N.] Univ Colorado, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Forcella, Frank] ARS, USDA, Morris, MN 56267 USA. RP Redmond, MD (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM mirandaredmond@gmail.com FU NSF Graduate Research Fellowship [DGE 1144083] FX We would like to acknowledge D. Redmond for lodging and field assistance and both private and federal landowners for access to sites. An additional thanks to A.M. Faist, T.J. Zelikova, and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on previous versions of this manuscript. M.D. Redmond was supported by an NSF Graduate Research Fellowship under Grant No. DGE 1144083. NR 49 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 45 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD DEC PY 2012 VL 3 IS 12 AR UNSP 120 DI 10.1890/ES12-00306.1 PG 14 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 256IW UT WOS:000327304400009 ER PT J AU Jurjevic, Z Peterson, SW Stea, G Solfrizzo, M Varga, J Hubka, V Perrone, G AF Jurjevic, Zeljko Peterson, Stephen W. Stea, Gaetano Solfrizzo, Michele Varga, Janos Hubka, Vit Perrone, Giancarlo TI Two novel species of Aspergillus section Nigri from indoor air SO IMA FUNGUS LA English DT Article DE Aspergillus brunneoviolaceus; Aspergillus floridensis; Aspergillus trinidadensis; Aspergillus uvarum; Aspergillus violaceofuscus; black aspergilli; environment; phylogeny; ochratoxin A AB Aspergillus floridensis and A. trinidadensis spp. nov. are described as novel uniseriate species of Aspergillus section Nigri isolated from air samples. To describe the species we used phenotypes from 7-d Czapek yeast extract agar culture (CYA), creatine agar culture (CREA) and malt extract agar culture (MEA), with support by molecular analysis of the beta-tubulin, calmodulin, RNA polymerase II (RPB2), and translation elongation factor-alpha (TEF) gene amplified and sequenced from 56 air isolates and one isolate from almonds belonging to Aspergillus section Nigri. Aspergillus floridensis is closely related to A. aculeatus, and A. trinidadensis is closely related to A. aculeatinus. Aspergillus brunneoviolaceus (syn. A. fijiensis) and A. uvarum are reported for the first time from the USA and from the indoor air environment. The newly described species do not produce ochratoxin A. C1 [Jurjevic, Zeljko] EMSL Analyt Inc, 200 Route 130 North, Cinnaminson, NJ 08077 USA. [Peterson, Stephen W.] ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Stea, Gaetano; Solfrizzo, Michele; Perrone, Giancarlo] CNR, Inst Sci Food Prod, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Varga, Janos] Univ Szeged, Fac Sci & Informat, Dept Microbiol, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary. [Hubka, Vit] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Sci, Dept Bot, Prague 12801 2, Czech Republic. RP Jurjevic, Z (reprint author), EMSL Analyt Inc, 200 Route 130 North, Cinnaminson, NJ 08077 USA. EM zjurjevic@emsl.com OI Hubka, Vit/0000-0003-4583-6496 FU OTKA [K 84077] FX We thank Filomena Epifani (ISPA-CNR) for his valuable technical help in growing, DNA extraction, and sequencing of the fungal strains. Frank Robinson (Paul VI High School, Haddonfield, NJ) kindly advised us on Latin usage. J. Varga was partly supported by OTKA grant no. K 84077. Mention of a trade name, proprietary product, or specific equipment does not constitute a guarantee or warranty by the United States Department of Agriculture and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that may be suitable. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 41 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT MYCOLOGICAL ASSOC PI BERKELEY PA C/O J TAYLOR, DEPT PLANT & MICROBIAL BIOLOGY, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA SN 2210-6340 EI 2210-6359 J9 IMA FUNGUS JI IMA Fungus PD DEC PY 2012 VL 3 IS 2 BP 159 EP 173 DI 10.5598/imafungus.2012.03.02.08 PG 15 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA V46UB UT WOS:000209908000020 PM 23355969 ER PT J AU Caporale, V Giovannini, A Zepeda, C AF Caporale, V. Giovannini, A. Zepeda, C. TI Surveillance strategies for foot and mouth disease to prove absence of disease and absence of viral circulation SO REVUE SCIENTIFIQUE ET TECHNIQUE-OFFICE INTERNATIONAL DES EPIZOOTIES LA English DT Article DE Documentation; Early detection systems; Foot and mouth disease; Free country; Free zone; OIE; Random survey; Risk-based surveillance; Surveillance; Targeted surveillance; World Organisation for Animal Health AB Free trade of animals and their products is based on the international or bilateral recognition of the health status of the animal populations being traded. This recognition is based on documentation of their health status by the exporting country, based on the results of continuing surveillance. According to the Terrestrial Animal Health Code of the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE), this may be based on various methods of surveillance, such as: documenting non-specific surveillance (clinical surveillance, passive notification of suspect cases, etc.); documenting activities that increase the sensitivity of non-specific surveillance (training activities, rewards/sanctions for notification/failure to notify, etc.); documenting all specific surveillance and its results (random surveys, targeted and risk-based surveillance, convenience-testing activities, etc.). Usually, the infection is the subject of the declaration of freedom. While clinical and passive surveillance can provide a high level of confidence that foot and mouth disease (FMD) infection is absent, this is not the case in vaccinated populations. In these populations, specific surveillance becomes much more important than non-specific clinical surveillance. Specific surveillance is severely restricted by the performance of the test(s) employed. The imperfect specificity of any serological test is further complicated when techniques to differentiate infected from vaccinated animals (DIVA) are used, because imperfect purification of the antigen used for vaccination may foster the production of undesired antibodies in the vaccinated animals. The authors discuss various approaches to overcome this problem; their merits and flaws in documenting the absence of infection or virus circulation for animal diseases in general, and for FMD in particular. Particular attention is paid to finding methods that can be applied in a variety of epidemiological conditions and organisational structures, since these vary greatly among OIE Members. C1 [Caporale, V.; Giovannini, A.] Ist Zooprofilatt Sperimentale Abruzzo & Molise G, I-64100 Teramo, Italy. [Zepeda, C.] USDA APHIS VS CEAH, Ctr Epidemiol, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Zepeda, C.] USDA APHIS VS CEAH, Ctr Anim Hlth, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Caporale, V (reprint author), Ist Zooprofilatt Sperimentale Abruzzo & Molise G, Via Campo Boario, I-64100 Teramo, Italy. RI Giovannini, Armando/B-9828-2013 OI Giovannini, Armando/0000-0001-5006-5564 NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 5 PU OFFICE INT EPIZOOTIES PI PARIS PA 12 RUE DE PRONY, 75017 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0253-1933 J9 REV SCI TECH OIE JI Rev. Sci. Tech. Off. Int. Epizoot. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 31 IS 3 BP 747 EP 759 PG 13 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA V32MS UT WOS:000208955900002 PM 23520730 ER PT J AU Asseged, B Tameru, B Nganwa, D Fite, B Habtemariam, T AF Asseged, B. Tameru, B. Nganwa, D. Fite, B. Habtemariam, T. TI A quantitative assessment of the risk of introducing foot and mouth disease virus into the United States via cloned bovine embryos SO REVUE SCIENTIFIQUE ET TECHNIQUE-OFFICE INTERNATIONAL DES EPIZOOTIES LA English DT Article DE Cloning; Critical pathway analysis; Foot and mouth disease; Monte Carlo simulation; Quantitative risk assessment; United States AB The trade of livestock or their products between nations requires information on the risk of introducing infectious agents such as foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV). Although transmission pathways for FMDV vary, a recent concern in the United States (USA) is that it might enter via cloned embryos. A quantitative risk assessment model was developed to determine the scenarios (with mathematical probabilities) that could lead to the introduction and maintenance of FMDV via the importation of cloned bovine embryos. Using @RISK software with Monte Carlo simulation involving 50,000 iterations, the probability of introducing FMDV via cloned embryos was estimated to be 3.1 x 10(-7). Given the current cloning protocol, and assuming the annual importation of 250 to 1,700 (mean = 520) cloned embryos, the expected number of infected embryos ranges from 1.1 x 10(-7) to 4.4 x 10(-3) (mean = 1.6 x 10(-4)) per year. Critical pathway analysis showed that the risk of FMDV entering the USA by this route is extremely low. C1 [Asseged, B.; Tameru, B.; Nganwa, D.; Habtemariam, T.] Tuskegee Univ, Coll Vet Med Nursing & Allied Hlth, Tuskegee, AL 36088 USA. [Fite, B.] USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Riverdale, MD 20737 USA. RP Asseged, B (reprint author), Tuskegee Univ, Coll Vet Med Nursing & Allied Hlth, Tuskegee, AL 36088 USA. EM abogale@mytu.tuskegee.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service FX This study was supported by funds provided by the United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service through a cooperative agreement to Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, Alabama. NR 45 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 6 PU OFFICE INT EPIZOOTIES PI PARIS PA 12 RUE DE PRONY, 75017 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0253-1933 J9 REV SCI TECH OIE JI Rev. Sci. Tech. Off. Int. Epizoot. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 31 IS 3 BP 761 EP 775 PG 15 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA V32MS UT WOS:000208955900003 PM 23520731 ER PT J AU Long, DB Campbell, TA AF Long, David B. Campbell, Tyler A. TI Box Traps for Feral Swine Capture: A Comparison of Gate Styles in Texas SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE box traps; control; damage; feral swine; rooter gate; side-swing gate; Sus scrofa AB Many different types of traps have been developed to increase feral swine (Sus scrofa) capture efficiency. Though not previously compared, gate styles may influence capture success. Our objectives were to report feral swine capture data from 31 trapping campaigns conducted in 17 counties from 2005 to 2011 in Texas, USA, compare capture rates by demographic category between side-swing and rooter gates, and evaluate influences of moisture, using the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI), on juvenile capture rates. We trapped feral swine during all months of the year. Our trap configurations were identical with the exception of gate style. Traps had either side-swing or rooter gates. We captured 1,310 feral swine during 2,424 trap-nights. We found no differences in capture rates between gate styles for adults, adult males, or adult females. However, we found juvenile capture rates and total capture rates to differ between gate styles. Box traps with rooter gates captured more juveniles, resulting in more total captures than in box traps with side-swing gates. Partitioned rooter gates are constructed to allow for continual entry after the gate has been tripped; whereas with single-panel side-swine gates, continual entry may be more challenging for juvenile animals that lack the size and strength to push through the spring tension. Rooter gates should be considered over side-swing gates in management programs aimed at overall damage reduction. However, in management or research programs that seek to capture adult feral swine, side-swing gates may be more appropriate because fewer non-target juvenile feral swine are captured. Published 2012. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Long, David B.; Campbell, Tyler A.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Florida Field Stn, Gainesville, FL 32641 USA. RP Long, DB (reprint author), US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Florida Field Stn, 2820 East Univ Ave, Gainesville, FL 32641 USA. EM tyler.a.campbell@aphis.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center FX The study was funded by U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center. We thank the landowners and managers that granted property access. We thank the many technicians, volunteers, and graduate students who provided assistance with trapping and data recording. Logistical support was provided by the Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Research Institute at Texas A&M University-Kingsville and Texas Wildlife Services. The USDA does not endorse products mentioned in this study. NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1938-5463 J9 WILDLIFE SOC B JI Wildl. Soc. Bull. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 36 IS 4 BP 741 EP 746 DI 10.1002/wsb.221 PG 6 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA V38HA UT WOS:000209333300015 ER PT J AU Bentler, KT Gossett, DN Root, JJ AF Bentler, Kevin T. Gossett, Daniel N. Root, J. Jeffrey TI A Novel Isoflurane Anesthesia Induction System for Raccoons SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE anesthesia; chamber; cone; gas; immobilization; induction; inhalation; isoflurane; mesopredator; raccoon AB We developed a novel small-volume (24-L) conical-shaped isoflurane anesthesia induction chamber for use in a den chamber and tested it along with 3 conventional stand-alone induction chambers (2 clear acrylic plastic chambers and a cylindrical-shaped chamber) to determine utility for daily short-duration manipulations of captive raccoons (Procyon lotor). Although the conventional chambers were valuable, the majority of inductions were performed using the cone chamber in a pen setting. With the novel device, we were able to minimize the need for pre-anesthetic handling of animals and eliminate the need for injectable anesthesia agents. As a result, side effects normally associated with injectable agents were avoided. Mean anesthesia induction time using the cone chamber was 3.4 min (SD = 0.90). When used as designed, conventional chambers worked well, with induction times ranging from 2.7 min to 5.4 min. Because the stand-alone chambers were not reliant upon den chambers for use, they may provide greater utility for field work. The conical-shaped induction chamber, however, provides an option for safe short-duration anesthetization of captive raccoons and could perhaps be used with other species and in other research settings. Published 2012. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Bentler, Kevin T.; Gossett, Daniel N.; Root, J. Jeffrey] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Bentler, KT (reprint author), Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 Laporte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM kevin.t.bentler@aphis.usda.gov NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1938-5463 J9 WILDLIFE SOC B JI Wildl. Soc. Bull. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 36 IS 4 BP 807 EP 812 DI 10.1002/wsb.193 PG 6 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA V38HA UT WOS:000209333300023 ER PT J AU Lavelle, MJ Hygnstrom, SE Hildreth, AM Campbell, TA Long, DB Hewitt, DG Beringer, J VerCauteren, KC AF Lavelle, Michael J. Hygnstrom, Scott E. Hildreth, Aaron M. Campbell, Tyler A. Long, David B. Hewitt, David G. Beringer, Jeff VerCauteren, Kurt C. TI Utility of Improvised Video-Camera Collars for Collecting Contact Data From White-Tailed Deer: Possibilities in Disease Transmission Studies SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE behavior; camera; disease transmission; observation; Odocoileus virginianus; Texas; video; white-tailed deer AB Rapidly evolving electronic technology enables wildlife researchers to collect previously unobtainable data. To explore possibilities of using deer-borne cameras (DBCs) to collect behavioral data from an animal's point of view, we constructed DBCs and deployed them on 26 adult male white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) within a closed population (405-ha fenced area) in southern Texas just prior to the breeding season during autumn 2010. Our DBCs consisted of global positioning system collars with attached motion-activated trail cameras. We obtained 21,474 video clips from 17 functional DBCs over a period of 14 days. Individual-based data are invaluable in disease and population modeling; therefore, we confirmed the identify of 37 individual deer in field of view of DBCs based on ear tags, collar numbers, and antler characteristics (e.g., point counts, relative mass, tine length). Additionally, we recorded 85 contacts, including 36 with identifiable deer, involving breeding (n = 1), sparring (n = 63), grooming (n = 5), and muzzle contact (n = 16). Our results demonstrate the value of using DBCs to record direct contacts and associated behaviors and even to enable estimation of contact rates, thus improving the understanding of the potential for transmission of disease pathogens. Published 2012. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Lavelle, Michael J.; VerCauteren, Kurt C.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Hygnstrom, Scott E.; Hildreth, Aaron M.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Campbell, Tyler A.; Long, David B.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Florida Field Stn, Gainesville, FL 32641 USA. [Hewitt, David G.] Texas A&M Univ, Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Res Inst, Kingsville, TX 78363 USA. [Beringer, Jeff] Missouri Dept Conservat, Conservat Res Ctr, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. RP Lavelle, MJ (reprint author), US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM kurt.c.vercauteren@aphis.usda.gov FU USDA-APHIS-WS-NWRC FX We thank G. Schuster, L. Soliz, C. Ellis, R. Pleszewski, C. Anderson, C. Minor, T. Ruby, J. Rhyan, M. McCollum, P. Nol, G. Clements, and USDA-APHIS-Veterinary Services for assisting with various aspects and responsibilities of the study. We also thank L. Hansen, R. Moll, J. Millspaugh, J. Sartwell, and R. Woeck for preparatory work leading up to this larger scale evaluation of DBCs on deer. We thank the Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Research Institute at Texas A&M University-Kingsville and USDA-APHIS-WS-Texas for logistic support. We are grateful to the USDA-APHIS-WS-NWRC for financial support. Mention of companies or commercial products does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA nor does omission imply criticism. Product names are mentioned solely to report factually on available equipment and to provide specific information. NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1938-5463 J9 WILDLIFE SOC B JI Wildl. Soc. Bull. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 36 IS 4 BP 828 EP 834 DI 10.1002/wsb.216 PG 7 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA V38HA UT WOS:000209333300026 ER PT J AU Pen-Mouratov, S Ginzburg, O Whitford, WG Steinberger, Y AF Pen-Mouratov, Stanislav Ginzburg, Orit Whitford, Walter G. Steinberger, Yosef TI Forest Fire Modifies Soil Free-Living Nematode Communities in the Biriya Woodland of Northern Israel SO ZOOLOGICAL STUDIES LA English DT Article DE Bacteria-feeding nematodes; Diversity; Fungivores; Omnivore-predators; Plant-parasitic nematodes AB We hypothesized that differential tree damage caused by fire in a Mediterranean conifer forest would reduce soil free-living nematode abundances and species diversity and affect the nematode community's trophic structure. Nematode communities were examined in soil samples collected from 4 subsites according to damage caused by the fire: all trees completely burned; burned trees with some live canopy foliage; burned trees removed by salvage logging, and a patch of unburned forest. Abundances of 2 bacterium-feeding nematode genera (Cephalobus spp. and Acrobeloides spp.) were higher in burned forest soils than in unburned forest soils. Other species of bacteria-feeding nematodes were less abundant in burned forest soils than in unburned forest soils. There was no effect of fire on the abundances of fungus-feeding nematodes. Eight of 13 species of omnivore-predator nematode genera were more abundant in unburned forest soils than in burned forest soils. Only 2 omnivore-predators with very low abundances were found in soils of the burned forest but were absent from unburned forest soils. Fire resulted in a lower trophic diversity, lower generic diversity, and lower generic richness in burned forest soils than in unburned forest soils. The fungivore-bacterivore ratio was similar in burned and unburned areas. Maturity indices were lower in burned than in unburned forest soils. The reported increased abundance of bacterium-feeding nematodes 6 wk after the fire remained consistent in burned forest soils 2 yr post-burn in this study. Other short-term changes in nematode communities did not persist in this study during the 2nd year post-burn. C1 [Pen-Mouratov, Stanislav; Ginzburg, Orit; Steinberger, Yosef] Bar Ilan Univ, Mina & Everard Goodman Fac Life Sci, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel. [Whitford, Walter G.] New Mexico State Univ, USDA ARS Jornada Expt Range, MSC 3JER, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Steinberger, Y (reprint author), Bar Ilan Univ, Mina & Everard Goodman Fac Life Sci, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel. EM yosef.steinberger@biu.ac.il NR 50 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 13 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1021-5506 EI 1810-522X J9 ZOOL STUD JI Zool. Stud. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 51 IS 7 BP 1018 EP 1026 PG 9 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA V31AC UT WOS:000208855500012 ER PT J AU Hernandez-Morante, JJ Gomez-Santos, C Margareto, J Formiguera, X Martinez, CM Gonzalez, R Martinez-Augustin, O Madrid, JA Ordovas, JM Garaulet, M AF Jose Hernandez-Morante, Juan Gomez-Santos, Cecilia Margareto, Javier Formiguera, Xavier Manuel Martinez, Carlos Gonzalez, Raquel Martinez-Augustin, Olga Antonio Madrid, Juan Maria Ordovas, Jose Garaulet, Marta TI Influence of menopause on adipose tissue clock gene genotype and its relationship with metabolic syndrome in morbidly obese women SO AGE LA English DT Article DE Clock genes; Microarrays; Menopause; Visceral adipose tissue; Subcutaneous adipose tissue; Metabolic syndrome ID PERIPHERAL CIRCADIAN CLOCKS; BODY-FAT DISTRIBUTION; EXPRESSION; DISEASE AB Menopausal women exhibit a loss of circadian coordination, a process that runs parallel with a redistribution of adipose tissue. However, the specific genetic mechanisms underlying these alterations have not been studied. Thus, the aim of the present study was to determine whether the development of menopause induces an alteration of the genes that control biological rhythms in human subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral (VAT) adipose tissue, and whether changes in clock gene expression are involved in the increased risk of developing metabolic syndrome (MetS), which is frequently associated with menopause. To this end, VAT and SAT biopsies were taken in pre- (n = 7) and postmenopausal (n = 7) women at similar hours in the morning. RNA was extracted, and a microarray analysis was made. Data were confirmed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Western blot and immunohistochemical analysis were also performed. When clock gene expression was compared between both groups of women, data in SAT showed that expression of the core clock gene period3 was significantly higher in postmenopausal women, while casein kinase-1 delta, E1A-binding protein and cAMP-responsive element were preferentially expressed in the premenopausal group. In VAT, period2 (PER2) and v-myc myelocytomatosis viral oncogene expressions were significantly higher in the postmenopausal group. Western blot analysis indicated that PER2 and PER3 protein expression was also increased in postmenopausal women. In addition, several genes, including PER2, were differentially expressed depending on whether or not the patient met the MetS criteria. We conclude that menopause transition induces several changes in the genotype of the adipose tissue chronobiological machinery related to an increased risk of developing MetS. C1 [Garaulet, Marta] Univ Murcia, Dept Physiol, Fac Biol, E-30100 Murcia, Spain. [Jose Hernandez-Morante, Juan] Catholic Univ Murcia, Fac Nursing Studies, Murcia, Spain. [Margareto, Javier] LEIA Fdn Biomol Technol, Vitoria, Spain. [Formiguera, Xavier] Univ Hosp Germans Trias & Pujol, Morbid Obes Unit, Barcelona, Spain. [Manuel Martinez, Carlos] Univ Hosp Virgen de la Arrixaca Murcia, CIBERehd Dept Surg, Murcia, Spain. [Maria Ordovas, Jose] Tufts Univ, Nutr & Genom Lab, JM USDA HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Maria Ordovas, Jose] CNIC, Madrid, Spain. [Maria Ordovas, Jose] IMDEA Alimentac, Madrid, Spain. [Gonzalez, Raquel] Univ Granada, CIBERehd Dept Pharmacol, Granada, Spain. [Martinez-Augustin, Olga] Univ Granada, CIBERehd Dept Biochem & Mol Biol 2, Granada, Spain. RP Garaulet, M (reprint author), Univ Murcia, Dept Physiol, Fac Biol, Campus Espinardo S-N, E-30100 Murcia, Spain. EM garaulet@um.es RI MARTINEZ CACERES, CARLOS MANUEL/E-4986-2016; Martinez Augustin, Olga/K-6720-2014; OI MARTINEZ CACERES, CARLOS MANUEL/0000-0003-3307-1326; Martinez Augustin, Olga/0000-0001-8291-3468; Hernandez Morante, Juan Jose/0000-0001-9255-4630 NR 33 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 18 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0161-9152 J9 AGE JI Age PD DEC PY 2012 VL 34 IS 6 BP 1369 EP 1380 DI 10.1007/s11357-011-9309-2 PG 12 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 029ZC UT WOS:000310536200005 PM 21898035 ER PT J AU Taylor-Edwards, CC Burrin, DG Kristensen, NB Holst, JJ McLeod, KR Harmon, DL AF Taylor-Edwards, C. C. Burrin, D. G. Kristensen, N. B. Holst, J. J. McLeod, K. R. Harmon, D. L. TI Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) increases net amino acid utilization by the portal-drained viscera of ruminating calves SO ANIMAL LA English DT Article DE blood flow; glucose; amino acid; flux; ruminant ID INTESTINAL BLOOD-FLOW; FED NEONATAL PIGLETS; METABOLISM; GROWTH; GLUTAMINE; GLUCOSE; HUMANS; LIVER; GUT; ABSORPTION AB Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) increases small intestinal mass and blood flow in ruminant calves, but its impact on nutrient metabolism across the portal-drained viscera (PDV) and liver is unknown. Eight Holstein calves with catheters in the carotid artery, mesenteric vein, portal vein and hepatic vein were paired by age and randomly assigned to control (0.5% bovine serum albumin in saline; n = 4) or GLP-2 (100 mu g/kg BW per day bovine GLP-2 in bovine serum albumin; n = 4). Treatments were administered subcutaneously every 12 h for 10 days. Blood flow was measured on days 0 and 10 and included 3 periods: baseline (saline infusion), treatment (infusion of bovine serum albumin or 3.76 mu g/kg BW per h GLP-2) and recovery (saline infusion). Arterial concentrations and net PDV, hepatic and total splanchnic fluxes of glucose, lactate, glutamate, glutamine, beta-hydroxybutyrate and urea-N were measured on days 0 and 10. Arterial concentrations and net fluxes of all amino acids and glucose metabolism using continuous intravenous infusion of [U-13-C]glucose were measured on day 10 only. A 1-h infusion of GLP-2 increased blood flow in the portal and hepatic veins when administered to calves not previously exposed to exogenous GLP-2, but after a 10-day administration of GLP-2 the blood flow response to the 1-h GLP-2 infusion was substantially attenuated. The 1-h GLP-2 infusion also did not appreciably alter nutrient fluxes on either day 0 or 10. In contrast, long-term GLP-2 administration reduced arterial concentrations and net PDV flux of many essential and non-essential amino acids. Despite the significant alterations in amino acid metabolism, glucose irreversible loss and utilization by PDV and non-PDV tissues were not affected by GLP-2. Fluxes of amino acids across the PDV were generally reduced by GLP-2, potentially by increased small intestinal epithelial growth and thus energy and amino acid requirements of this tissue. Increased PDV extraction of glutamine and alterations in PDV metabolism of arginine, ornithine and citrulline support the concept that GLP-2 influences intestine-specific amino acid metabolism. Alterations in amino acid metabolism but unchanged glucose metabolism suggests that the growth effects induced by GLP-2 in ruminants increase reliance on amino acids preferentially over glucose. Thus, GLP-2 increases PDV utilization of amino acids, but not glucose, C1 [Taylor-Edwards, C. C.; McLeod, K. R.; Harmon, D. L.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Burrin, D. G.] USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Kristensen, N. B.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Anim Hlth & Biosci, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark. [Holst, J. J.] Univ Copenhagen, Panum Inst, Dept Biomed Sci, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Taylor-Edwards, CC (reprint author), US FDA, Ctr Vet Med, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. EM dharmon@uky.edu OI Kristensen, Niels Bastian/0000-0003-0214-2929; Holst, Jens Juul/0000-0001-6853-3805 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [58-6250-6-001]; USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine; Texas Children's Hospital; Texas Medical Center Digestive Diseases Center (NIH Grant) [P30 DK-56338] FX The authors express gratitude to Julie Cannon, Melissa Hudson, Samer El-Kadi, Alma True, Jimmy Klotz, Anne Koontz and Anne Ballou for assistance with sample collection, to Xioayan Chang and Leiwei Cui for assistance with immunohistochemistry and morphology measurements, and to Winston Lin for plasma analysis assistance. Support for this research was provided by the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station and is Publication No. 11-07-061. This work was supported in part by federal funds from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service under Cooperative Agreement Number 58-6250-6-001 between USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital and by Texas Medical Center Digestive Diseases Center (NIH Grant P30 DK-56338). This manuscript was written by C. C. Taylor-Edwards in her private capacity. No official support or endorsement by the FDA is intended or should be inferred. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1751-7311 J9 ANIMAL JI Animal PD DEC PY 2012 VL 6 IS 12 BP 1985 EP 1997 DI 10.1017/S175173111200095X PG 13 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Veterinary Sciences SC Agriculture; Veterinary Sciences GA 026WS UT WOS:000310314400011 PM 23031436 ER PT J AU Hales, KE Parker, DB Cole, NA AF Hales, Kristin E. Parker, David B. Cole, N. Andy TI Potential odorous volatile organic compound emissions from feces and urine from cattle fed corn-based diets with wet distillers grains and solubles SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Odor; Cattle; Manure; Volatile organic compound; Air quality ID SWINE ODOR; OLFACTOMETRY; ORIGIN; IDENTIFICATION; COMPONENTS; EFFLUENT; FEEDLOTS; MANURE; BAGS AB Odor and volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions are a concern at animal feeding operations (AFOS). The issue has become more prevalent as human residences move into areas once occupied only by agriculture. Odors near AFOs are generally caused by odorous VOCs emitted from manure, the mixture of feces and urine. Wet distillers grains with solubles (WDGS) are a by-product of the ethanol industry, and WDGS have become a staple in many beef cattle finishing diets. The objective of this research was to determine specific VOC emissions from frozen feces and urine of cattle fed steam-flaked corn (SFC)-based diets containing 0, 15, 30, or 45% WDGS. No differences in flux were detected across dietary treatments for phenol, indole, skatole, or 4-methylphenol (P > 0.23). Dimethyl disulfide and dimethyl trisulfide flux in feces were not different across treatments (P > 0.35) and the flux of volatile fatty acids (VFA) such as acetic, propionic, isobutyric, butyric, isovaleric, and valeric were not different across treatments (P > 0.25). There was a tendency for dimethyl disulfide flux from urine to be greater for cattle consuming an SFC-based diet with 15% WDGS than the other diets (P = 0.10). Furthermore, flux of acetic, propionic, isobutyric, butyric, and isovaleric acid from the urine were not different (P > 0.61) across dietary treatment. There were no significant differences in odor activity value (OAV) across treatments for feces, and only a tendency for dimethyl disulfide in the feces (P = 0.09). Thus, there was no obvious indication that feeding WDGS in conjunction with SFC affects flux of odor or odorous VOC from beef manure. The summed OAV was three times higher in the urine than feces, and a single odorous compound (4-methylphenol) accounted for 97.6%and 67.3% of the OAV in urine and feces, respectively. Therefore, engineering or dietary strategies to reduce odor from beef cattle manure should focus on controlling or reducing 4-methylphenol concentrations in the urine and feces. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Hales, Kristin E.; Parker, David B.] USDA ARS, Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Cole, N. Andy] USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. RP Hales, KE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Meat Anim Res Ctr, POB 166, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM kristin.hales@ars.usda.gov NR 33 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 38 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 60 BP 292 EP 297 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.06.080 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 020DU UT WOS:000309789800034 ER PT J AU Sattler, SE Palmer, NA Saballos, A Greene, AM Xin, ZG Sarath, G Vermerris, W Pedersen, JF AF Sattler, Scott E. Palmer, Nathan A. Saballos, Ana Greene, Ann M. Xin, Zhanguo Sarath, Gautam Vermerris, Wilfred Pedersen, Jeffrey F. TI Identification and Characterization of Four Missense Mutations in Brown midrib 12 (Bmr12), the Caffeic O-Methyltranferase (COMT) of Sorghum SO BIOENERGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Brown midrib; bmr12; Caffeic O-methyltransferase (COMT); Lignin; Sorghum ID CINNAMYL ALCOHOL-DEHYDROGENASE; BROWN-MIDRIB MUTANTS; BICOLOR L. MOENCH; GRAIN-SORGHUM; BMR-12 GENES; LIGNIN; METHYLTRANSFERASE; ARABIDOPSIS; IMPACT; MAIZE AB Modifying lignin content and composition are targets to improve bioenergy crops for cellulosic conversion to biofuels. In sorghum and other C4 grasses, the brown midrib mutants have been shown to reduce lignin content and alter its composition. Bmr12 encodes the sorghum caffeic O-methyltransferase, which catalyzes the penultimate step in monolignol biosynthesis. From an EMS-mutagenized TILLING population, four bmr12 mutants were isolated. DNA sequencing identified the four missense mutations in the Bmr12 coding region, which changed evolutionarily conserved amino acids Ala71Val, Pro150Leu, Gly225Asp, and Gly325Ser. The previously characterized bmr12 mutants all contain premature stop codons. These newly identified mutants, along with the previously characterized bmr12-ref, represent the first allelic series of bmr12 mutants available in the same genetic background. The impacts of these newly identified mutations on protein accumulation, enzyme activity, Klason lignin content, lignin subunit composition, and saccharification yield were determined. Gly225Asp mutant greatly reduced protein accumulation, and Pro150Leu and Gly325Ser greatly impaired enzyme activity compared to wild type (WT). All four mutants significantly reduced Klason lignin content and altered lignin composition resulting in a significantly reduced S/G ratio relative to WT, but the overall impact of these mutations was less severe than bmr12-ref. Except for Gly325Ser, which is a hypomorphic mutant, all mutants increased the saccharification yield relative to WT. These mutants represent new tools to decrease lignin content and S/G ratio, possibly leading toward the ability to tailor lignin content and composition in the bioenergy grass sorghum. C1 [Sattler, Scott E.; Palmer, Nathan A.; Sarath, Gautam; Pedersen, Jeffrey F.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Sattler, Scott E.; Palmer, Nathan A.; Sarath, Gautam; Pedersen, Jeffrey F.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Saballos, Ana; Greene, Ann M.; Vermerris, Wilfred] Univ Florida, Dept Agron, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Saballos, Ana; Greene, Ann M.; Vermerris, Wilfred] Univ Florida, Genet Inst, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Xin, Zhanguo] USDA ARS, Plant Stress & Germplasm Dev Unit, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. RP Sattler, SE (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM Scott.Sattler@ars.usda.gov OI Xin, Zhanguo/0000-0003-1471-7785 FU National Institute of Food Agriculture [2011-67009-30026]; Office of Science (BER), U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-07ER64458]; USDA-ARS, CRIS [5440-21220-024-00D] FX We thank Tammy Gries, Nathan Peroutka-Bigus and John Toy for their technical assistance with experimental data presented in this manuscript, Dr. Lisa Durso for the use of her real-time PCR instrument, and Dr. Heather Van Buskirk for critically reviewing the manuscript. This research was supported by National Institute of Food & Agriculture, Grant 2011-67009-30026 (S.E.S, J.F.P), the Office of Science (BER), U.S. Department of Energy, grant DE-FG02-07ER64458 (W.V., S.E.S, J.F.P), and additional funding from USDA-ARS, CRIS project 5440-21220-024-00D (S.E.S, J.F.P). NR 34 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 27 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1939-1234 J9 BIOENERG RES JI BioEnergy Res. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 5 IS 4 BP 855 EP 865 DI 10.1007/s12155-012-9197-z PG 11 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 027TW UT WOS:000310377600005 ER PT J AU Follett, RF Vogel, KP Varvel, GE Mitchell, RB Kimble, J AF Follett, Ronald F. Vogel, Kenneth P. Varvel, Gary E. Mitchell, Robert B. Kimble, John TI Soil Carbon Sequestration by Switchgrass and No-Till Maize Grown for Bioenergy SO BIOENERGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Switchgrass; Maize, soil carbon; Soil organic carbon; Bioenergy; Sustainability; Carbon sequestration ID CROPPING SYSTEMS; ORGANIC-CARBON; CORN STOVER; PROFILE CARBON; LAND; NITROGEN; BIOMASS; MANAGEMENT; EMISSIONS; BIOFUELS AB Net benefits of bioenergy crops, including maize and perennial grasses such as switchgrass, are a function of several factors including the soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestered by these crops. Life cycle assessments (LCA) for bioenergy crops have been conducted using models in which SOC information is usually from the top 30 to 40 cm. Information on the effects of crop management practices on SOC has been limited so LCA models have largely not included any management practice effects. In the first 9 years of a long-term C sequestration study in eastern Nebraska, USA, switchgrass and maize with best management practices had average annual increases in SOC per hectare that exceed 2 Mg C year(-1) (7.3 Mg CO2 year(-1)) for the 0 to 150 soil depth. For both switchgrass and maize, over 50 % of the increase in SOC was below the 30 cm depth. SOC sequestration by switchgrass was twofold to fourfold greater than that used in models to date which also assumed no SOC sequestration by maize. The results indicate that N fertilizer rates and harvest management regimes can affect the magnitude of SOC sequestration. The use of uniform soil C effects for bioenergy crops from sampling depths of 30 to 40 cm across agro-ecoregions for large scale LCA is questionable. C1 [Vogel, Kenneth P.; Mitchell, Robert B.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68683 USA. [Follett, Ronald F.] USDA ARS, NRRC, Soil Plant Nutr Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Varvel, Gary E.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Kimble, John] USDA NRCS Natl Soils Lab, Addison, NY 14801 USA. RP Vogel, KP (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, 137 Keim Hall, Lincoln, NE 68683 USA. EM Ken.Vogel@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service (ARS); USDA-ARS GRACEnet effort; USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service FX This research was funded by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service (ARS) including funds from the USDA-ARS GRACEnet effort, and partly by the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service. Authors acknowledge the important technical contributions of Edward Buenger, Elizabeth Pruessner, Susan Sampson-Liebig, Steven Masterson, Patrick Callahan, Kevin Grams, Stephan Swanson, and many student employees. The field assistance and coordination by Steve Scheinost, Asst. State Soil Scientist, USDA, NRCS, for Nebraska and laboratory support provided by the USDA, NRCS, Soil Survey Laboratory (National Soil Survey Center) is acknowledged. NR 44 TC 63 Z9 64 U1 3 U2 114 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1939-1234 J9 BIOENERG RES JI BioEnergy Res. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 5 IS 4 BP 866 EP 875 DI 10.1007/s12155-012-9198-y PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 027TW UT WOS:000310377600006 ER PT J AU Zhang, C Zhu, JY Gleisner, R Sessions, J AF Zhang, Chao Zhu, J. Y. Gleisner, Roland Sessions, John TI Fractionation of Forest Residues of Douglas-fir for Fermentable Sugar Production by SPORL Pretreatment SO BIOENERGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Forest residues; Size fractionation/sieving; Bark; Pretreatment; Enzymatic hydrolysis/saccharification ID CELLULOSIC ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; LODGEPOLE PINE; OVERCOME RECALCITRANCE; ENZYMATIC-HYDROLYSIS; SULFITE PRETREATMENT; ENERGY EFFICIENCY; BARK; BIOMASS; LIGNOCELLULOSE; BALANCE AB Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) forest residues were physically fractionated through sieving. The bark and wood were separated for large-sized fractions (> 12.7 mm), and their contents were determined. The chemical compositions of the large fractions were calculated based on the contents and chemical compositions of the bark and wood. The chemical compositions of the fine fractions were analyzed. The bark and wood content in the fine fractions was calculated based on the measured glucan and lignin contents in each fraction. It was found that fractionation by particle/chip size can effectively fractionate bark and wood and therefore lignin from carbohydrates. The large-sized fractions (> 12.7 mm) represent approximately 60 % of the collected forest residues but only contain approximately 37 % of the total bark and 35 % of the total ash, or a selectivity over bark and ash of 1.6 and 1.7, respectively. Pretreatment of forest residues by sulfite pretreatment to overcome recalcitrance of lignocelluloses and subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis revealed the presence of 14.3 % bark can reduce substrate enzymatic digestibilities (SED) 16 % compared with that from a bark-free sample. The SED of a bark is 41 % compared with 73 % for wood when pretreated under the same conditions. Separating pretreatment of bark from wood is beneficial for producing a more enzymatically digestible substrate. The results from the present study could have significant implications for harvesting forest residues. C1 [Zhang, Chao; Zhu, J. Y.; Gleisner, Roland] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53705 USA. [Zhang, Chao] Tianjin Univ, Sch Chem Engn & Technol, Tianjin 300072, Peoples R China. [Sessions, John] Oregon State Univ, Coll Forestry, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Zhu, JY (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53705 USA. EM jzhu@fs.fed.us FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) [2011-68005-30416]; NIFA; Chinese Scholarship Council FX This work, as part of the Northwest Advanced Renewables Alliance (NARA), was funded by the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2011-68005-30416 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA). We would also like to acknowledge Novozymes North America for their constant support by complementary providing cellulase enzymes. We would also like to thank Fred Matt of USDA Forest Products Laboratory for conducting detailed chemical composition analysis. The financial support from NIFA and the Chinese Scholarship Council made the visiting appointment of Zhang at the USDA Forest Products Laboratory possible. NR 24 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 29 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1939-1234 EI 1939-1242 J9 BIOENERG RES JI BioEnergy Res. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 5 IS 4 BP 978 EP 988 DI 10.1007/s12155-012-9213-3 PG 11 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 027TW UT WOS:000310377600016 ER PT J AU Questad, EJ Thaxton, JM Cordell, S AF Questad, Erin J. Thaxton, Jarrod M. Cordell, Susan TI Patterns and consequences of re-invasion into a Hawaiian dry forest restoration SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Limiting similarity; Plant diversity; Local extinction; Pennisetum setaceum; Cenchrus setaceus ID PENNISETUM-SETACEUM; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; PLANT-COMMUNITIES; ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION; HETEROPOGON-CONTORTUS; LIMITING SIMILARITY; UNGULATE EXCLUSION; SPECIES INVASIONS; EXOTIC GRASSES; DIVERSITY AB The restoration of native plant diversity may be an effective tool for weed control, but its use has not been tested in the heavily invaded Hawaiian dry forest ecosystem. In addition, the ecological mechanisms by which invasive plants may cause declines in native plant diversity are generally not well understood. We examined invasion resistance and the relationships between invasion and declines in native plant diversity at local scales in a Hawaiian dry forest restoration by experimentally removing non-native species, planting native species, manipulating resources and environmental conditions, and allowing non-native species to re-invade. We found higher invasion rates in habitats that supported the most native species, suggesting that similar mechanisms may regulate the distribution of both native and invasive species. Pennisetum setaceum, a dominant invasive perennial grass, was associated with native plant mortality and declines in native diversity. Although invasion rates were greatest in more favorable habitats, the association of invasion with native species loss was significant only in lower quality habitats, suggesting that environmental conditions may regulate competitive interactions between native and invasive species. We found that native woody plant restoration is not an effective tool for weed control in this community, and that invasion may result in declines in native diversity. Our study provides a caveat to previous suggestions that invasion impacts on native diversity will be greatest in the most diverse plant communities. At local scales in some communities it may also be effective to control invasive species in sensitive areas with low resource availability instead of, or in addition to, areas with high biodiversity. C1 [Questad, Erin J.] Calif State Polytech Univ Pomona, Dept Biol Sci, Pomona, CA 91768 USA. [Thaxton, Jarrod M.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Biol, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA. [Cordell, Susan] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Questad, EJ (reprint author), Calif State Polytech Univ Pomona, Dept Biol Sci, 3801 W Temple Ave, Pomona, CA 91768 USA. EM ejquestad@csupomona.edu; jarrod.thaxton@upr.edu; scordell01@fs.fed.us FU USDA NRI [2002-00631] FX We thank Kamehameha Schools and the North Kona Dryland Forest Working Group for site access and logistical support. Special thanks to R. Sopkin, V. Velez-Thaxton, M. Selvig, M. Biggs, C. Perry, and S. Brooks for help with fieldwork and data collection. Thanks to C. D'Antonio for insightful comments on an early draft. Funding was provided by USDA NRI Grant 2002-00631 to R. J. Cabin, SC, and D. R. Sandquist. NR 66 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 41 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD DEC PY 2012 VL 14 IS 12 BP 2573 EP 2586 DI 10.1007/s10530-012-0253-6 PG 14 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 028ZM UT WOS:000310464500010 ER PT J AU Merritt, DM Shafroth, PB AF Merritt, David M. Shafroth, Patrick B. TI Edaphic, salinity, and stand structural trends in chronosequences of native and non-native dominated riparian forests along the Colorado River, USA SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Tamarix; Populus; Soil salinity; Colorado River; Flow regime; Dams ID MIDDLE RIO-GRANDE; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; COTTONWOOD POPULUS-FREMONTII; SALTCEDAR TAMARIX-CHINENSIS; CENTRAL NEW-MEXICO; SALT TOLERANCE; AMERICAN RIVERS; FLOW ALTERATION; RUSSIAN OLIVE; NORTH-AMERICA AB Tamarix spp. are introduced shrubs that have become among the most abundant woody plants growing along western North American rivers. We sought to empirically test the long-held belief that Tamarix actively displaces native species through elevating soil salinity via salt exudation. We measured chemical and physical attributes of soils (e.g., salinity, major cations and anions, texture), litter cover and depth, and stand structure along chronosequences dominated by Tamarix and those dominated by native riparian species (Populus or Salix) along the upper and lower Colorado River in Colorado and Arizona/California, USA. We tested four hypotheses: (1) the rate of salt accumulation in soils is faster in Tamarix-dominated stands than stands dominated by native species, (2) the concentration of salts in the soil is higher in mature stands dominated by Tamarix compared to native stands, (3) soil salinity is a function of Tamarix abundance, and (4) available nutrients are more concentrated in native-dominated stands compared to Tamarix-dominated stands. We found that salt concentration increases at a faster rate in Tamarix-dominated stands along the relatively free-flowing upper Colorado but not along the heavily-regulated lower Colorado. Concentrations of ions that are known to be preferentially exuded by Tamarix (e.g., B, Na, and Cl) were higher in Tamarix stands than in native stands. Soil salt concentrations in older Tamarix stands along the upper Colorado were sufficiently high to inhibit germination, establishment, or growth of some native species. On the lower Colorado, salinity was very high in all stands and is likely due to factors associated with floodplain development and the hydrologic effects of river regulation, such as reduced overbank flooding, evaporation of shallow ground water, higher salt concentrations in surface and ground water due to agricultural practices, and higher salt concentrations in fine-textured sediments derived from naturally saline parent material. C1 [Merritt, David M.] USFS Natl Watershed Fish & Wildlife Staff, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Merritt, David M.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Shafroth, Patrick B.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Merritt, DM (reprint author), USFS Natl Watershed Fish & Wildlife Staff, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg A, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM dmmerritt@fs.fed.us FU Bureau of Reclamation; Lower Colorado River Regional Office; U.S. Geological Survey Invasive Species Program; TNC David H. Smith fellowship program and an interagency agreement [2216-08-IA-312] FX We would like to acknowledge David Canter, Julie Roth, Ron Osborne, Eligio Aragon, Kirsten Romig, Brett Wolk, Chris Dodge, John Swett, David Graf, and Steven Rauth for assistance in the field and with logistics. Thank you to Terry Waddle who directed the topographic surveying on the lower Colorado River, Rick Anderson who directed the topographic surveying on the upper Colorado River, Tammy Fancher for preparing Fig. 1, and L. Scott Baggett for assisting with the smearing technique for Figs. 2 through 6. Cathy Stewart provided assistance with soil texture analysis. We extend special appreciation to Laura Perry who provided helpful review and editorial suggestions. Funding from Bureau of Reclamation, Lower Colorado River Regional Office and the U.S. Geological Survey Invasive Species Program supported PBS and funding from TNC David H. Smith fellowship program and an interagency agreement (no. 2216-08-IA-312) with the Bureau of Reclamation supported DMM's work. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 92 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 55 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD DEC PY 2012 VL 14 IS 12 BP 2665 EP 2685 DI 10.1007/s10530-012-0263-4 PG 21 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 028ZM UT WOS:000310464500018 ER PT J AU Silva, TCF Habibi, Y Colodette, JL Elder, T Lucia, LA AF Fonseca Silva, Teresa Cristina Habibi, Youssef Colodette, Jorge Luiz Elder, Thomas Lucia, Lucian A. TI A fundamental investigation of the microarchitecture and mechanical properties of tempo-oxidized nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC)-based aerogels SO CELLULOSE LA English DT Article DE NFC; Aerogels; TEMPO; Hydroxyapatite ID MEDIATED OXIDATION; NATIVE CELLULOSE; SURFACE OXIDATION; MICROFIBRILS; NANOFIBERS; HYDROXYAPATITE; AEROCELLULOSE; COMPOSITES; FIBERS AB Freeze-dried nanofibrillated cellulose based-aerogels were produced from cellulosic pulps extracted from Eucalyptus urograndis. Nanofibers were isolated under high pressure and modified with TEMPO-mediated oxidation and/or hydroxyapatite (HAp) to observe potential changes in mechanical properties. Two degrees of oxidation (DO), 0.1 and 0.2, were achieved as measured by conductimetric titration. Oxidized and non-oxidized samples were modified with HAp at a ratio of HAp:cellulose of 0.2:1. Morphology (FE-SEM), pore size, surface area, and mechanical properties were obtained to characterize the produced aerogels. The results clearly demonstrate a homogeneous morphology for aerogels fabricated with oxidized cellulose nanofibers. The nature of water present in the material was measured using time domain-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (TD-NMR) and demonstrated that it played a key role in the development of the porous and uniform micro-architecture. TEMPO-mediated oxidation and the addition of HAp resulted in aerogels with high mechanical strength as demonstrated from an increase from approximately 75-200 kPa in compressive strength when reduced to 50 % of their original height. However, the contribution of oxidation to the mechanical properties was more pronounced than the addition of HAp. In general, the density of the aerogels varied from 0.008 to 0.011 g/cm(3) in which slightly lightweight aerogels were produced by increasing the degree of oxidation, whereas the incorporation of HAp as a modifying agent for potential bio-based tissue scaffolding matrices did not significantly contribute to higher densities. C1 [Fonseca Silva, Teresa Cristina; Habibi, Youssef; Lucia, Lucian A.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forest Biomat, Lab Soft Mat & Green Chem, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Fonseca Silva, Teresa Cristina; Colodette, Jorge Luiz] Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Quim, BR-36570000 Vicosa, MG, Brazil. [Elder, Thomas] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, USDA, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. RP Lucia, LA (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forest Biomat, Lab Soft Mat & Green Chem, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM lalucia@ncsu.edu RI Habibi, Youssef/F-7312-2014 OI Habibi, Youssef/0000-0001-7023-5233 FU CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico) FX We would like to gratefully acknowledge the CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico) for the generous provision of a research fellowship to TCFS that allowed parts of this work to be realized. The Authors would also like to thank Professor Robert C. Borden from the Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering for the generous use of the homogenizer. NR 32 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 5 U2 102 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0969-0239 J9 CELLULOSE JI Cellulose PD DEC PY 2012 VL 19 IS 6 BP 1945 EP 1956 DI 10.1007/s10570-012-9761-x PG 12 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA 029ZV UT WOS:000310538300013 ER PT J AU Wang, QQ Zhu, JY Reiner, RS Verrill, SP Baxa, U McNeil, SE AF Wang, Q. Q. Zhu, J. Y. Reiner, R. S. Verrill, S. P. Baxa, U. McNeil, S. E. TI Approaching zero cellulose loss in cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) production: recovery and characterization of cellulosic solid residues (CSR) and CNC SO CELLULOSE LA English DT Article DE Nanocellulose materials/composites; Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs); Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs); Cellulose nanowhiskers (CNWs); Acid hydrolysis ID MICROCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE; NATIVE CELLULOSE; HYDROLYSIS; ACID; SUSPENSIONS; EXTRACTION AB This study demonstrated the potential of simultaneously recovering cellulosic solid residues (CSR) and producing cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) by strong sulfuric acid hydrolysis to minimize cellulose loss to near zero. A set of slightly milder acid hydrolysis conditions than that considered as "optimal" were used to significantly minimize the degradation of cellulose into soluble sugars that cannot be economically recovered, but resulted in CSR that is easily recoverable through conventional centrifuge. It was found that the window for simultaneous recoveries of CSR and producing high yield CNC in strong acid hydrolysis was extremely narrow. However, we achieved significant CSR yield with near zero cellulose loss but without sacrificing CNC yield compared with that obtained at "optimal condition". The resultant CSR contains sulfate ester groups that facilitated subsequent mechanical nano-fibrillation to cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs), a potential high value nanocellulosic material for a variety of applications. C1 [Wang, Q. Q.; Zhu, J. Y.; Reiner, R. S.; Verrill, S. P.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI USA. [Wang, Q. Q.] S China Univ Technol, State Key Lab Pulp & Paper Engn, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Baxa, U.] SAIC Frederick Inc, Electron Microscopy Lab, NCI Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. [McNeil, S. E.] SAIC Frederick Inc, Adv Technol Program, NCI Frederick, Nanotechnol Characterizat Lab, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Zhu, JY (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI USA. EM jzhu@fs.fed.us RI Nanotechnology Characterization Lab, NCL/K-8454-2012; Wang, Qianqian/G-1915-2012 OI Wang, Qianqian/0000-0003-3514-455X FU USDA Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (AFRI) Competitive Grant [2011-67009-20056]; Chinese Scholarship Council (CSC); National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health [HHSN261200800001E] FX Financial support for this work included USDA Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (AFRI) Competitive Grant (No. 2011-67009-20056) and Chinese Scholarship Council (CSC). The funding from these two programs made the visiting appointment of Wang at the USDA Forest Products Laboratory (FPL) possible. We would like to acknowledge Fred Matt and Kolby Hirth (Both FPL) for conducting carbohydrate and sulfur content measurements, respectively, Thomas Kuster (FPL) for SEM image analysis, Debby Sherman of DSimaging and Life Science Microscopy Facility at Purdue University for TEM analysis of the mechanically fibrillated CSR samples. We also would like to thank Anne Kamata, SAIC-Frederick, Inc. for electron microscopy imaging. The TEM imaging work has been funded in whole or in part with federal funds from the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, under Contract No. HHSN261200800001E. The content of this publication does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Department of Health and Human Services, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 23 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 7 U2 87 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0969-0239 J9 CELLULOSE JI Cellulose PD DEC PY 2012 VL 19 IS 6 BP 2033 EP 2047 DI 10.1007/s10570-012-9765-6 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA 029ZV UT WOS:000310538300019 ER PT J AU Dash, R Elder, T Ragauskas, AJ AF Dash, Rajalaxmi Elder, Thomas Ragauskas, Arthur J. TI Grafting of model primary amine compounds to cellulose nanowhiskers through periodate oxidation SO CELLULOSE LA English DT Article DE Amine derivative; Cellulose nanowhiskers; Dialdehyde cellulose nanowhiskers; Periodate oxidation ID RADICAL POLYMERIZATION; CHEMICAL-MODIFICATION; NANOCRYSTALS; WHISKERS; NANOCELLULOSES; NANOCOMPOSITES; ACETYLATION; SUSPENSIONS; CHITOSAN; FIBERS AB This study demonstrates regioselective oxidation of cellulose nanowhiskers using 2.80-10.02 mmols of sodium periodate per 5 g of whiskers followed by grafting with methyl and butyl amines through a Schiff base reaction to obtain their amine derivatives in 80-90 % yield. We found a corresponding increase in carbonyl content (0.06-0.14 mmols/g) of the dialdehyde cellulose nanowhiskers with the increase in oxidant as measured by titrimetric analysis and this was further evidenced by FT-IR spectroscopy. Grafting of amine compounds to the oxidized cellulose nanowhiskers resulted in their amine derivatives, which are found to be partially soluble in DMSO. Therefore, the reduction reaction between amines and carbonyl groups was confirmed through C-13 NMR spectra, which was also supported by copper titration, XPS, and FT-IR spectroscopy. Morphological integrity and crystallinity of the nanowhiskers was maintained after the chemical modification as studied by AFM and solid-state C-13 NMR, respectively. C1 [Dash, Rajalaxmi; Ragauskas, Arthur J.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Elder, Thomas] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. RP Ragauskas, AJ (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM arthur.ragauskas@ipst.gatech.edu OI Ragauskas, Arthur/0000-0002-3536-554X FU DOE [DE-EE0003144] FX The authors thank DOE (DE-EE0003144) for the support of this study. NR 40 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 8 U2 98 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0969-0239 J9 CELLULOSE JI Cellulose PD DEC PY 2012 VL 19 IS 6 BP 2069 EP 2079 DI 10.1007/s10570-012-9769-2 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA 029ZV UT WOS:000310538300022 ER PT J AU Pumarino, L Alomar, O Lundgren, JG AF Pumarino, Lorena Alomar, Oscar Lundgren, Jonathan G. TI Effects of floral and extrafloral resource diversity on the fitness of an omnivorous bug, Orius insidiosus SO ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA LA English DT Article DE fecundity; habitat diversity; longevity; nutrient contents; plant resources; Hemiptera; Anthocoridae; pollen; nectar; Heteroptera ID CONSERVATION BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; MICHIGAN NATIVE PLANTS; IN-FIELD CORN; NATURAL ENEMIES; VEGETATIONAL DIVERSITY; RAPID-DETERMINATION; HABITAT MANAGEMENT; HOVERFLIES DIPTERA; INSECTARY PLANTS; PARASITOID WASP AB Habitat manipulation and increasing biodiversity are important approaches that enhance biological control of pests, but it is important to evaluate the relative benefits of specific plant species when designing conservation programs. Orius insidiosus Say (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) is an important predator of thrips and aphids that also feeds on plants. It is the target of conservation biological control programs. Despite O. insidiosus' relevance, little is known about the effects of plant subsidies on predator performance or nutritional status. Here, we examined the influence of restricting the pollen and nectar resources of five plant species (alyssum, buckwheat, phacelia, fava bean, and chamomile), and how increasing plant diversity affects O. insidiosus fecundity, survival, and nutritional status. Plant species varied in their suitability for O. insidiosus, which was driven in part by the availability of the pollen or nectar resources. Offering plants as a mixture did not improve fecundity; however, the plant least preferred for oviposition under no-choice tests (fava bean) became the preferred egg-laying site when the plants were offered in combination. We conclude that the benefits obtained by O. insidiosus vary among plant species, and that increasing plant diversity can have unpredicted, positive effects on insect fitness. C1 [Lundgren, Jonathan G.] ARS, NCARL, USDA, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. [Pumarino, Lorena; Alomar, Oscar] IRTA, E-08348 Barcelona, Spain. RP Lundgren, JG (reprint author), ARS, NCARL, USDA, 2923 Medary Ave, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. EM jonathan.lund-gren@ars.usda.gov RI Alomar, Oscar/A-1520-2009 OI Alomar, Oscar/0000-0002-8756-871X FU FPI doctorate fellowship from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MICINN) [AGL2006-08726, AGL2008-00546] FX We thank Janet Fergen, Mallory Johnson, Chloe Kruse, and Ryan Schmid for their technical assistance in carrying out this project. Lorena Pumarino was supported by a FPI doctorate fellowship from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MICINN) associated with the projects AGL2006-08726 and AGL2008-00546. Mention of any proprietary products does not constitute endorsement by the USDA. NR 56 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 100 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0013-8703 J9 ENTOMOL EXP APPL JI Entomol. Exp. Appl. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 145 IS 3 BP 181 EP 190 DI 10.1111/eea.12002 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 030BO UT WOS:000310542800001 ER PT J AU Byers, JA AF Byers, John A. TI Modelling female mating success during mass trapping and natural competitive attraction of searching males or females SO ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA LA English DT Article DE computer simulation; monitoring; mating disruption; integrated pest management; IPM; mating systems; semiochemicals; effective attraction radius ID MECHANISMS MEDIATING DISRUPTION; LUTZOMYIA-LONGIPALPIS DIPTERA; MOTH SEXUAL COMMUNICATION; MALE-PRODUCED PHEROMONE; TERM PEST-MANAGEMENT; FLYING INSECTS; FRUIT-FLIES; STINK BUG; COURTSHIP BEHAVIOR; LEKKING BEHAVIOR AB Simulation models of insects encountering sex pheromone with or without mass trapping in which the searching sex is either male (moths and many insect species) or female (some true bugs, beetles, and flies) were developed. The searching sex moved as a correlated random walk, while the opposite sex remained stationary (calling) and released an attractive sex pheromone. The searching sex was caught when encountering a pheromone-baited trap, and females mated when encountering a male. An encounter with pheromone was defined by the searcher's interception of a circle termed the effective attraction radius (EAR(c)). Parameters of movement (speed and duration), initial numbers of calling sex and searching sex, number of traps, area, and EAR(c) of traps and calling sex were varied individually to evaluate effects on the percentage of females mating. In the natural condition without traps, female mating success in both models was identical. Increasing the EAR(c) of the calling sex caused diminishing increases in female mating success, suggesting that evolution of larger pheromone release and EAR(c) is limited by increasing costs (production/sensitivity) relative to diminishing increases and benefits of mating encounters. With mass trapping, increasing the EAR(c) of traps or density of traps caused similar declines in female mating in both models, but the female-searching model predicted slightly lower mating success than the male-searching model. Increasing the EAR(c) of calling insects or the initial density of insects caused similar increases in female mating in both models, but again the female-searching model had slightly lower mating success than the male-searching model. The models have implications for mating lek formation and for understanding the variables affecting the success of mass trapping programs for insect pests with either male or female sex pheromones. C1 ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. RP Byers, JA (reprint author), ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, USDA, 21881 N Cardon Lane, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. EM john.byers@ars.usda.gov NR 47 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 36 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0013-8703 J9 ENTOMOL EXP APPL JI Entomol. Exp. Appl. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 145 IS 3 BP 228 EP 237 DI 10.1111/eea.12006 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 030BO UT WOS:000310542800007 ER PT J AU Weber, B Halterman, DA AF Weber, Brooke Halterman, Dennis A. TI Analysis of genetic and pathogenic variation of Alternaria solani from a potato production region SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Potato early blight; Alternaria solani; Plant pathogen populations ID EARLY BLIGHT; BROWN SPOT; RESISTANCE; VARIABILITY; TOMATO; DIVERSITY; INHERITANCE; POPULATION; SEQUENCE; MARKERS AB A two-year survey was conducted to investigate the level of genetic variability occurring across growing seasons within natural populations of Alternaria solani, the cause of early blight in potato. Genetic diversity among 151 isolates, taken from a disease resistance breeding trial, was assessed using seven random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers and sequence analyses of portions of the internal transcriber spacer (ITS) region and Alt a1 gene. A. solani isolates were grouped into 19 RAPD profiles to examine the distribution patterns of genetically distinct isolates within and between years. Seven RAPD profiles were found spanning both years with profiles 6 and 13 being the most prevalent. Five unique profiles were found only in 2008 and seven were found only in 2009. No variation was observed among isolates of A. solani based on ITS and Alt a1 sequence analyses, but a distinction between A. solani and A. dauci, a close relative outgroup was identified. Pathogenicity was also assessed using a tissue culture plantlet assay on four isolates and two reference cultures. Differences in virulence were observed among the isolates examined. C1 [Weber, Brooke] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Halterman, Dennis A.] USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Halterman, DA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM dennis.halterman@ars.usda.gov NR 33 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 58 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-1873 J9 EUR J PLANT PATHOL JI Eur. J. Plant Pathol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 134 IS 4 BP 847 EP 858 DI 10.1007/s10658-012-0060-z PG 12 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 027UY UT WOS:000310380500017 ER PT J AU Vanholme, R Morreel, K Darrah, C Oyarce, P Grabber, JH Ralph, J Boerjan, W AF Vanholme, Ruben Morreel, Kris Darrah, Chiarina Oyarce, Paula Grabber, John H. Ralph, John Boerjan, Wout TI Metabolic engineering of novel lignin in biomass crops SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Review DE cell wall; lignin; pathway discovery; phenolic metabolism; phenolic profiling; synthetic biology ID CINNAMYL-ALCOHOL-DEHYDROGENASE; O-METHYLTRANSFERASE ACTIVITY; CYTOCHROME P450-DEPENDENT MONOOXYGENASE; SALICYLIC-ACID BIOSYNTHESIS; CELL-SUSPENSION CULTURES; FERULATE CROSS-LINKS; MEDICAGO-SATIVA L.; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; MONOLIGNOL BIOSYNTHESIS; SINAPYL ALCOHOL AB Lignin, a phenolic polymer in the secondary wall, is the major cause of lignocellulosic biomass recalcitrance to efficient industrial processing. From an applications perspective, it is desirable that second-generation bioenergy crops have lignin that is readily degraded by chemical pretreatments but still fulfill its biological role in plants. Because plants can tolerate large variations in lignin composition, often without apparent adverse effects, substitution of some fraction of the traditional monolignols by alternative monomers through genetic engineering is a promising strategy to tailor lignin in bioenergy crops. However, successful engineering of lignin incorporating alternative monomers requires knowledge about phenolic metabolism in plants and about the coupling properties of these alternative monomers. Here, we review the current knowledge about lignin biosynthesis and the pathways towards the main phenolic classes. In addition, the minimal requirements are defined for molecules that, upon incorporation into the lignin polymer, make the latter more susceptible to biomass pretreatment. Numerous metabolites made by plants meet these requirements, and several have already been tested as monolignol substitutes in biomimetic systems. Finally, the status of detection and identification of compounds by phenolic profiling is discussed, as phenolic profiling serves in pathway elucidation and for the detection of incorporation of alternative lignin monomers. C1 [Vanholme, Ruben; Morreel, Kris; Darrah, Chiarina; Oyarce, Paula; Boerjan, Wout] VIB, Dept Plant Syst Biol, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium. [Vanholme, Ruben; Morreel, Kris; Darrah, Chiarina; Oyarce, Paula; Boerjan, Wout] Univ Ghent, Dept Plant Biotechnol & Bioinformat, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium. [Grabber, John H.] ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Ralph, John] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biochem, Wisconsin Bioenergy Initiat, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Ralph, John] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Wisconsin Bioenergy Initiat, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Ralph, John] Univ Wisconsin, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Boerjan, W (reprint author), VIB, Dept Plant Syst Biol, Technol Pk 27, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium. EM wout.boerjan@psb.vib-ugent.be OI Boerjan, Wout/0000-0003-1495-510X FU Ghent University; Stanford University FX The authors thank Annick Bleys for help in preparing the manuscript. This work was supported by grants from the Multidisciplinary Research Project 'Biotechnology for a sustainable economy' of Ghent University and from Stanford University's Global Climate and Energy Project ('Towards New Degradable Lignin Types' and 'Efficient Biomass Conversion: Delineating the Best Lignin Monomer-substitutes'). R. V. is a postdoctoral fellow of the Research Foundation-Flanders. P.O. is a predoctoral fellow of the Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology of Chili. NR 223 TC 111 Z9 115 U1 8 U2 304 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0028-646X EI 1469-8137 J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 196 IS 4 BP 978 EP 1000 DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04337.x PG 23 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 031XR UT WOS:000310676400007 PM 23035778 ER PT J AU Blechl, A Lin, J Shao, M Thilmony, R Thomson, J AF Blechl, Ann Lin, Jeanie Shao, Min Thilmony, Roger Thomson, James TI The Bxb1 Recombinase Mediates Site-Specific Deletion in Transgenic Wheat SO PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTER LA English DT Article DE Bxb1; Cre-lox; Site-specific recombination; Wheat transformation; Biolistics ID CRE RECOMBINASE; GENETIC MANIPULATION; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; PLANT GENOME; MARKER GENE; ZEA-MAYS; INTEGRATION; EXCISION; RICE; EXPRESSION AB The utility and commercial potential of genetically engineered (GE) plants would benefit from the use of site-specific recombination systems that enable efficient excision of the marker genes used to identify transformants. Although wheat is one of the most important food crops in the world, GE varieties have yet to be put into commercial production. To develop the Bxb1 recombination system (derived from the Mycobacterium smegmati bacteriophage Bxb1) for site-specific marker gene removal in transgenic wheat, we used biolistics to introduce into the wheat genome a codon optimized Bxb1 recombinase gene (BxbNom) under the control of the maize ubiquitin-1 promoter (Ubi1). Recombinase activity was monitored using a GUSPlus reporter gene activation assay. BxbNom recombinase-mediated excision of an att site-flanked stuffer DNA fragment activated beta-glucuronidase reporter activity in callus, endosperm, and leaves in transient assays. The system also detected activity in leaves and endosperm of progeny of multiple independent transgenic wheat lines stably expressing BxbNom. Our results demonstrate that the Bxb1 recombinase is heritable in transgenic wheat plants and performs site-specific excision, providing a useful tool for generating marker-free GE plants. Establishment of wheat lines capable of efficiently excising unneeded marker genes removes one potential barrier to commercial deployment of GE wheat. C1 [Blechl, Ann; Lin, Jeanie; Thilmony, Roger; Thomson, James] ARS, USDA, WRRC Crop Improvement & Utilizat, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Shao, Min] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Thomson, J (reprint author), ARS, USDA, WRRC Crop Improvement & Utilizat, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM James.Thomson@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture FX We thank Dr. V. Srivastava for seeds of the Cre-expressing transgenic wheat line 'Cre37' and Mara Guttman for excellent technical assistance. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely to provide specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity employer. NR 51 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 31 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0735-9640 J9 PLANT MOL BIOL REP JI Plant Mol. Biol. Rep. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 30 IS 6 BP 1357 EP 1366 DI 10.1007/s11105-012-0454-2 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 027BF UT WOS:000310326100009 ER PT J AU Wainwright, PC Smith, WL Price, SA Tang, KL Sparks, JS Ferry, LA Kuhn, KL Eytan, RI Near, TJ AF Wainwright, Peter C. Smith, W. Leo Price, Samantha A. Tang, Kevin L. Sparks, John S. Ferry, Lara A. Kuhn, Kristen L. Eytan, Ron I. Near, Thomas J. TI The Evolution of Pharyngognathy: A Phylogenetic and Functional Appraisal of the Pharyngeal Jaw Key Innovation in Labroid Fishes and Beyond SO SYSTEMATIC BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Acanthomorpha; Beloniformes; Centrogenyidae; key innovation; Labroidei; Ovalentaria; pharyngeal jaws; Perciformes ID RAY-FINNED FISH; CICHLID FISHES; LABRID FISHES; PERCOMORPH PHYLOGENY; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; NORTHERN-TERRITORY; TELEOSTEI; PERCIFORMES; MORPHOLOGY; BIOGEOGRAPHY AB The perciform group Labroidei includes approximately 2600 species and comprises some of the most diverse and successful lineages of teleost fishes. Composed of four major clades, Cichlidae, Labridae (wrasses, parrotfishes, and weed whitings), Pomacentridae (damselfishes), and Embiotocidae (surfperches); labroids have been an icon for studies of biodiversity, adaptive radiation, and sexual selection. The success and diversification of labroids have been largely attributed to the presence of a major innovation in the pharyngeal jaw apparatus, pharyngognathy, which is hypothesized to increase feeding capacity and versatility. We present results of large-scale phylogenetic analyses and a survey of pharyngeal jaw functional morphology that allow us to examine the evolution of pharyngognathy in a historical context. Phylogenetic analyses were based on a sample of 188 acanthomorph (spiny-rayed fish) species, primarily percomorphs (perch-like fishes), and DNA sequence data collected from 10 nuclear loci that have been previously used to resolve higher level ray-finned fish relationships. Phylogenies inferred from this dataset using maximum likelihood, Bayesian, and species tree analyses indicate polyphyly of the traditional Labroidei and clearly separate Labridae from the remainder of the traditional labroid lineages (Cichlidae, Embiotocidae, and Pomacentridae). These three "chromide" families grouped within a newly discovered clade of 40 families and more than 4800 species (>27% of percomorphs and >16% of all ray-finned fishes), which we name Ovalentaria for its characteristic demersal, adhesive eggs with chorionic filaments. This fantastically diverse clade includes some of the most species-rich lineages of marine and freshwater fishes, including all representatives of the Cichlidae, Embiotocidae, Pomacentridae, Ambassidae, Gobiesocidae, Grammatidae, Mugilidae, Opistognathidae, Pholidichthyidae, Plesiopidae (including Notograptus), Polycentridae, Pseudochromidae, Atherinomorpha, and Blennioidei. Beyond the discovery of Ovalentaria, this study provides a surprising, but well-supported, hypothesis for a convictblenny (Pholidichthys) sister group to the charismatic cichlids and new insights into the evolution of pharyngognathy. Bayesian stochastic mapping ancestral state reconstructions indicate that pharyngognathy has evolved at least six times in percomorphs, including four separate origins in members of the former Labroidei, one origin in the Centrogenyidae, and one origin within Beloniformes. Our analyses indicate that all pharyngognathous fishes have a mechanically efficient biting mechanism enabled by the muscular sling and a single lower jaw element. However, a major distinction exists between Labridae, which lacks the widespread, generalized percomorph pharyngeal biting mechanism, and all other pharyngognathous clades, which possess this generalized biting mechanism in addition to pharyngognathy. Our results reveal a remarkable history of pharyngognathy: far from a single origin, it appears to have evolved at least six times, and its status as a major evolutionary innovation is reinforced by it being a synapomorphy for several independent major radiations, including some of the most species rich and ecologically diverse percomorph clades of coral reef and tropical freshwater fishes, Labridae and Cichlidae. C1 [Wainwright, Peter C.; Price, Samantha A.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Evolut & Ecol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Smith, W. Leo] Field Museum Nat Hist, Dept Zool, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. [Tang, Kevin L.] Univ Michigan, Dept Biol, Flint, MI 48502 USA. [Sparks, John S.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Dept Ichthyol, New York, NY 10024 USA. [Ferry, Lara A.] Arizona State Univ, Div Math & Nat Sci, Phoenix, AZ 85069 USA. [Kuhn, Kristen L.; Eytan, Ron I.; Near, Thomas J.] Yale Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Peabody Museum Nat Hist, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Kuhn, Kristen L.] ARS, USDA, Beneficial Insects Intro Res Unit, Newark, DE 19713 USA. RP Wainwright, PC (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Evolut & Ecol, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM pcwainwright@ucdavis.edu RI Near, Thomas/K-1204-2012; Wainwright, Peter /A-7882-2013 FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0444842, DEB-0716155, DEB-0717009, DEB-0732642, IOS-0444554, IOS-0749943, ANT-0839007, DEB-1060869, DEB-1061806, DEB-1061981] FX Funding for this research was provided by the National Science Foundation (DEB-0444842, DEB-0716155, DEB-0717009, DEB-0732642, IOS-0444554, IOS-0749943, ANT-0839007, DEB-1060869, DEB-1061806, and DEB-1061981). NR 93 TC 85 Z9 86 U1 6 U2 117 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1063-5157 EI 1076-836X J9 SYST BIOL JI Syst. Biol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 61 IS 6 BP 1001 EP 1027 DI 10.1093/sysbio/sys060 PG 27 WC Evolutionary Biology SC Evolutionary Biology GA 027TL UT WOS:000310376400007 PM 22744773 ER PT J AU McClure, MC Ramey, HR Rolf, MM McKay, SD Decker, JE Chapple, RH Kim, JW Taxis, TM Weaber, RL Schnabel, RD Taylor, JF AF McClure, M. C. Ramey, H. R. Rolf, M. M. McKay, S. D. Decker, J. E. Chapple, R. H. Kim, J. W. Taxis, T. M. Weaber, R. L. Schnabel, R. D. Taylor, J. F. TI Genome-wide association analysis for quantitative trait loci influencing Warner-Bratzler shear force in five taurine cattle breeds SO ANIMAL GENETICS LA English DT Article DE beef; Bos taurus taurus; calpain 1; (mu; I) large subunit; calpastatin; genome-wide association; haplotype; meat tenderness; quantitative trait loci; single-nucleotide polymorphisms; Warner-Bratzler shear force ID SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM; MEAT QUALITY TRAITS; MYOSTATIN GENE; CARCASS COMPOSITION; BEEF-CATTLE; MISSING GENOTYPES; AFFECTING GROWTH; MU-CALPAIN; BOS-TAURUS; TENDERNESS AB We performed a genome-wide association study for WarnerBratzler shear force (WBSF), a measure of meat tenderness, by genotyping 3360 animals from five breeds with 54 790 BovineSNP50 and 96 putative single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within mu-calpain [HUGO nomenclature calpain 1, (mu/I) large subunit; CAPN1] and calpastatin (CAST). Within- and across-breed analyses estimated SNP allele substitution effects (ASEs) by genomic best linear unbiased prediction (GBLUP) and variance components by restricted maximum likelihood under an animal model incorporating a genomic relationship matrix. GBLUP estimates of ASEs from the across-breed analysis were moderately correlated (0.310.66) with those from the individual within-breed analyses, indicating that prediction equations for molecular estimates of breeding value developed from across-breed analyses should be effective for genomic selection within breeds. We identified 79 genomic regions associated with WBSF in at least three breeds, but only eight were detected in all five breeds, suggesting that the within-breed analyses were underpowered, that different quantitative trait loci (QTL) underlie variation between breeds or that the BovineSNP50 SNP density is insufficient to detect common QTL among breeds. In the across-breed analysis, CAPN1 was followed by CAST as the most strongly associated WBSF QTL genome-wide, and associations with both were detected in all five breeds. We show that none of the four commercialized CAST and CAPN1 SNP diagnostics are causal for associations with WBSF, and we putatively fine-map the CAPN1 causal mutation to a 4581-bp region. We estimate that variation in CAST and CAPN1 explains 1.02 and 1.85% of the phenotypic variation in WBSF respectively. C1 [McClure, M. C.; Ramey, H. R.; Rolf, M. M.; McKay, S. D.; Decker, J. E.; Chapple, R. H.; Kim, J. W.; Taxis, T. M.; Weaber, R. L.; Schnabel, R. D.; Taylor, J. F.] Univ Missouri, Div Anim Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [McClure, M. C.] ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Taylor, JF (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Div Anim Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM taylorjerr@missouri.edu OI Schnabel, Robert/0000-0001-5018-7641; Decker, Jared/0000-0001-5685-7343 FU University of Missouri; Missouri Beef Industry Council; National Research Initiative from the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service [2008-35205-04687, 2008-35205-18864]; USDA Agriculture and Food Research Initiative [2009-65205-05635] FX We acknowledge provision of DNA samples and pheno-typic data on CMP animals produced by the AAA, AHA, ASA, AICA and NALF. This project was supported by the University of Missouri, a grant from the Missouri Beef Industry Council, National Research Initiative grants number 2008-35205-04687 and 2008-35205-18864 from the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service and grant number 2009-65205-05635 from the USDA Agriculture and Food Research Initiative. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U. S. Department of Agriculture. NR 59 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 3 U2 28 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0268-9146 J9 ANIM GENET JI Anim. Genet. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 43 IS 6 BP 662 EP 673 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2012.02323.x PG 12 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Genetics & Heredity SC Agriculture; Genetics & Heredity GA 023VF UT WOS:000310064000002 PM 22497286 ER PT J AU Pilgrim, KL Zielinski, WJ Schlexer, FV Schwartz, MK AF Pilgrim, Kristine L. Zielinski, William J. Schlexer, Fredrick V. Schwartz, Michael K. TI Development of a reliable method for determining sex for a primitive rodent, the Point Arena mountain beaver (Aplodontia rufa nigra) SO CONSERVATION GENETICS RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE Aplodontia rufa nigra; Sex determination; Mountain beaver; Non-invasive genetic sampling; ZFX; ZFY ID IDENTIFICATION; AMPLIFICATION; LOCI AB The mountain beaver (Aplodontia rufa) is a primitive species of rodent, often considered a living fossil. The Point Arena mountain beaver (Aplodontia rufa nigra) is an endangered subspecies that occurs in a very restricted range in northern California. Efforts to recover this taxon have been limited by the lack of knowledge on their demography, particularly sex and age-specific vital rates. Recent studies have employed non-invasive genetic sampling to conduct capture-mark-recaptures to estimate abundance, survival and recruitment. Here we report on the development of a method using restriction fragment length polymorphisms to determine sex from tissues, bone and non-invasively collected hair samples for the Point Arena mountain beaver. C1 [Pilgrim, Kristine L.; Schwartz, Michael K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. [Zielinski, William J.; Schlexer, Fredrick V.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. RP Pilgrim, KL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 800 E Beckwith, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. EM kpilgrim@fs.fed.us RI Schwartz, Michael/C-3184-2014 OI Schwartz, Michael/0000-0003-3521-3367 FU Arcata office of the US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS); California Department of Fish and Game; USFS Pacific Southwest Research Station; Rocky Mountain Research Station; Northern Region of the USFS FX We acknowledge the financial support of the Arcata office of the US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), California Department of Fish and Game, and the USFS Pacific Southwest Research Station. We thank the Rocky Mountain Research Station and the Northern Region of the USFS for general laboratory funding and support. NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 17 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1877-7252 J9 CONSERV GENET RESOUR JI Conserv. Genet. Resour. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 4 IS 4 BP 975 EP 977 DI 10.1007/s12686-012-9686-6 PG 3 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity GA 023IX UT WOS:000310027200036 ER PT J AU Tallmon, DA Waples, RS Gregovich, D Schwartz, MK AF Tallmon, David A. Waples, Robin S. Gregovich, Dave Schwartz, Michael K. TI Detecting population recovery using gametic disequilibrium-based effective population size estimates SO CONSERVATION GENETICS RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE Abundance; Effective population size; Genetic monitoring; Population recovery; Population trend ID PROGRAM AB Recovering populations often must meet specific growth rate or abundance targets before their legal status can be changed from endangered or threatened. While the efficacy, power, and performance of population metrics to infer trends in declining populations has received considerable attention, how these same metrics perform when populations are increasing is less clear. We examined the ability of a one-sample effective population size (N (e) ) estimator (LDNe) to discriminate between stable and increasing population trends across varying sample and initial population sizes. The performance of LDNe was compared to the Lincoln-Peterson (LP) abundance (N) estimator. The ability to identify stable and increasing populations varied widely across sample sizes and number of generations between sequentially collected samples, but LDNe outperformed LP. One-sample N (e) estimates show promise as an efficient method of detecting population increase when samples of 60-120 individuals are collected 5-10 generations apart. C1 [Tallmon, David A.; Gregovich, Dave] Univ Alaska SE, Biol & Marine Biol Program, Juneau, AK 99801 USA. [Waples, Robin S.] NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98112 USA. [Schwartz, Michael K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. RP Tallmon, DA (reprint author), Univ Alaska SE, Biol & Marine Biol Program, 11120 Glacier Highway, Juneau, AK 99801 USA. EM david.tallmon@uas.alaska.edu RI Schwartz, Michael/C-3184-2014; Waples, Robin/K-1126-2016 OI Schwartz, Michael/0000-0003-3521-3367; FU National Evolutionary Synthesis Center (NSF) [EF-0423641]; National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis; U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) [DEB-0553768]; University of California; Santa Barbara; State of California FX This work was conducted as part of the 'Working Group on Genetic Monitoring: Development of Tools for Conservation and Management' (PIs Fred Allendorf and Mike Schwartz) supported by the National Evolutionary Synthesis Center (NSF #EF-0423641) and the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, a Center funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF #DEB-0553768), the University of California, Santa Barbara and the State of California. NR 5 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 33 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1877-7252 J9 CONSERV GENET RESOUR JI Conserv. Genet. Resour. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 4 IS 4 BP 987 EP 989 DI 10.1007/s12686-012-9689-3 PG 3 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity GA 023IX UT WOS:000310027200039 ER PT J AU Hunter, WJ Manter, DK van der Lelie, D AF Hunter, William J. Manter, Daniel K. van der Lelie, Daniel TI Biotransformation of Ferulic Acid to 4-Vinylguaiacol by Enterobacter soli and E-aerogenes SO CURRENT MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VANILLIN PRODUCTION; NATURAL VANILLIN; ANTIOXIDANT; TRANSFORMATION; INHIBITION; OXIDATION; PHENOLS; PROTEIN; CELLS AB We investigated the conversion of ferulic acid to 4-vinylguaiacol (4-VG), vanillin, vanillyl alcohol, and vanillic acid by five Enterobacter strains. These high-value chemicals are usually synthesized by chemical methods but biological synthesis adds market value. Ferulic acid, a relatively inexpensive component of agricultural crops, is plentiful in corn hulls, cereal bran, and sugar-beet pulp. Two Enterobacter strains, E. soli, and E. aerogenes, accumulated 550-600 ppm amounts of 4-VG when grown in media containing 1,000 ppm ferulic acid; no accumulations were observed with the other strains. Decreasing the amount of ferulic acid present in the media increased the conversion efficiency. When ferulic acid was supplied in 500, 250, or 125 ppm amounts E. aerogenes converted similar to 72 % of the ferulic acid present to 4-VG while E. soli converted similar to 100 % of the ferulic acid to 4-VG when supplied with 250 or 125 ppm amounts of ferulic acid. Also, lowering the pH improved the conversion efficiency. At pH 5.0 E. aerogenes converted similar to 84 % and E. soli converted similar to 100 % of 1,000 ppm ferulic acid to 4-VG. Only small, 1-5 ppm, accumulations of vanillin, vanillyl alcohol, and vanillic acid were observed. E. soli has a putative phenolic acid decarboxylase (PAD) that is 168 amino acids long and is similar to PADs in other enterobacteriales; this protein is likely involved in the bioconversion of ferulic acid to 4-VG. E. soli or E. aerogenes might be useful as a means of biotransforming ferulic acid to 4-VG. C1 [Hunter, William J.; Manter, Daniel K.] USDA ARS, Soil Plant Nutrient Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [van der Lelie, Daniel] RTI Int, Ctr Agr & Environm Biotechnol, Durham, NC 27709 USA. RP Hunter, WJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Soil Plant Nutrient Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM william.hunter@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 39 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0343-8651 J9 CURR MICROBIOL JI Curr. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 65 IS 6 BP 752 EP 757 DI 10.1007/s00284-012-0222-4 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 023YI UT WOS:000310073500016 PM 22986816 ER PT J AU Hirabayashi, S Kroll, CN Nowak, DJ AF Hirabayashi, Satoshi Kroll, Charles N. Nowak, David J. TI Development of a distributed air pollutant dry deposition modeling framework SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Air pollutant; Distributed model; Dry deposition; UFORE; Geographic information system ID ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY-LAYER; CARBON-MONOXIDE; SEASONAL-VARIATIONS; SULFUR-DIOXIDE; UNITED-STATES; URBAN TREES; GREEN ROOFS; OZONE; DISPERSION; QUALITY AB A distributed air pollutant dry deposition modeling system was developed with a geographic information system (GIS) to enhance the functionality of i-Tree Eco (i-Tree, 2011). With the developed system, temperature, leaf area index (LAI) and air pollutant concentration in a spatially distributed form can be estimated, and based on these and other input variables, dry deposition of carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and particulate matter less than 10 microns (PM10) to trees can be spatially quantified. Employing nationally available road network, traffic volume, air pollutant emission/measurement and meteorological data, the developed system provides a framework for the U.S. city managers to identify spatial patterns of urban forest and locate potential areas for future urban forest planting and protection to improve air quality. To exhibit the usability of the framework, a case study was performed for July and August of 2005 in Baltimore, MD. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hirabayashi, Satoshi] Davey Tree Expert Co, Davey Inst, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Kroll, Charles N.] SUNY Syracuse, Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Dept Environm Resources & Forest Engn, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Nowak, David J.] USDA Forest Serv, NE Res Stn, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. RP Hirabayashi, S (reprint author), Davey Tree Expert Co, Davey Inst, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. EM satoshi.hirabayashi@davey.com; cnkroll@esf.edu; dnowak@fs.fed.us NR 95 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 9 U2 80 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-7491 J9 ENVIRON POLLUT JI Environ. Pollut. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 171 BP 9 EP 17 DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2012.07.002 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 024EW UT WOS:000310092800002 PM 22858662 ER PT J AU Franco, W Perez-Diaz, IM AF Franco, Wendy Perez-Diaz, Ilenys M. TI Role of selected oxidative yeasts and bacteria in cucumber secondary fermentation associated with spoilage of the fermented fruit SO FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Oxidative yeasts; Spoilage lactic acid bacteria; Pediococcus ethanolidurans; Lactobacillus buchneri; Clostridium bifermentans; Enterobacter spp.; Propionic acid; Butyric acid; Redox potential ID LACTIC-ACID BACTERIA; LACTOBACILLUS-PLANTARUM AB Changes during the spoilage of fermented cucumber pickles have been attributed to the metabolism of different yeasts and bacteria. In this study six organisms isolated from commercial spoiled cucumber pickles were evaluated for their possible role in primary and secondary cucumber fermentations. The ability of the yeasts Issatchenkia occidentalis and Pichia manshurica to utilize lactic and acetic acids during aerobic metabolism was confirmed and associated with increases in brine pH and the chemical reduction of the fermentation matrix. Lactobacillus buchneri and Pediococcus ethanolidurans were able to produce lactic acid from sugars, but only L buchneri produced acetic acid at the expense of lactic acid under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions regardless of the initial acidic pH of 3.2 in the medium. The formation of secondary products was associated with the metabolism of Clostridium bifermentans and Enterobacter cloacae, which metabolic activity was observed at medium pH above 4.5. Individually, the selected spoilage microorganisms were found to be able to produce changes associated with secondary cucumber fermentations. The fact that oxidative yeasts and L buchneri were able to produce chemical changes associated with the initiation of the spoilage process indicates that prevention of the secondary fermentation could be achieved by inhibiting these organisms. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Perez-Diaz, Ilenys M.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, SAA Food Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Franco, Wendy; Perez-Diaz, Ilenys M.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Food Bioproc & Nutr Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Perez-Diaz, IM (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, SAA Food Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM ilenys.perez-diaz@ars.usda.gov NR 18 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 6 U2 47 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0740-0020 J9 FOOD MICROBIOL JI Food Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 32 IS 2 BP 338 EP 344 DI 10.1016/j.fm.2012.07.013 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA 021PG UT WOS:000309897200016 PM 22986199 ER PT J AU Rohrer, GA Nonneman, DJ Miller, RK Zerby, H Moeller, S AF Rohrer, G. A. Nonneman, D. J. Miller, R. K. Zerby, H. Moeller, S. TI Association of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers in candidate genes and QTL regions with pork quality traits in commercial pigs SO MEAT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Genetic markers; Pork quality; Association ID MELANOCORTIN-4 RECEPTOR MC4R; PORCINE SKELETAL-MUSCLE; FATTY-ACID-COMPOSITION; MEAT QUALITY; CARCASS TRAITS; GENOME SCAN; PCR-RFLPS; SEQUENCE VARIATION; INTRAMUSCULAR FAT; MISSENSE MUTATION AB Numerous reports have described genetic markers or genomic regions (QTL) associated with pork quality and/or palatability but few validation studies have been reported. Therefore, 156 SNP markers from 45 candidate genes and eight QTL regions were analyzed for association with pork quality and palatability traits from 888 pork loins. Loins were collected at three slaughter facilities and selected to represent a wide range of pork color, pH and marbling. Phenotypic data recorded included objective and subjective measures of color and marbling, purge loss, shear force, and cooking loss. Data were analyzed with SAS PROC MIXED where loin was fit as a random effect. Results indicated some of the markers tested should be useful in industry, while others are not segregating in all populations or linkage disequilibrium between markers and causative genetic variation fluctuates among populations limiting their universal utility. Genes with the largest effects on pork quality were MC4R, IGF2, CAST and PRKAG3. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Rohrer, G. A.; Nonneman, D. J.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Miller, R. K.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Zerby, H.; Moeller, S.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Rohrer, GA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Spur 18D, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM gary.rohrer@ars.usda.gov; dan.nonneman@ars.usda.gov; rmiller@tamu.edu; zerby.8@osu.edu; moeller.27@osu.edu RI Moeller, Steven/B-4026-2012 NR 68 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0309-1740 EI 1873-4138 J9 MEAT SCI JI Meat Sci. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 92 IS 4 BP 511 EP 518 DI 10.1016/j.meatsci.2012.05.020 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 010HP UT WOS:000309085800029 PM 22688438 ER PT J AU Rossi, CG Heil, DM Bonuma, NB Williams, JR AF Rossi, C. G. Heil, D. M. Bonuma, N. B. Williams, J. R. TI Evaluation of the Langmuir model in the Soil and Water Assessment Tool for a high soil phosphorus condition SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE SWAT; Phosphorus; Water treatment residual; Langmuir model ID INDUCTIVELY-COUPLED PLASMA; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; WETLAND SOILS; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; HYDROLOGIC EVALUATION; SWAT MODEL; SORPTION; FLOW; ADSORPTION; SEDIMENTS AB Phosphorus adsorption by a water treatment residual was tested through Langmuir and linear sorption isotherms and applied in the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). This study uses laboratory and greenhouse experimental Phosphorus data to evaluate the performance of a modified version of SWAT for high P concentration simulation development. A combination of vegetative filter strips (VFS) and water treatment residuals (WTR) were used to reduce soluble P runoff concentration. To effectively simulate the concentration measured in the experiments, a Langmuir model was incorporated into SWAT. The effective depth of surface runoff and soil interaction over a small subwatershed (0.07 km(2)) was based on an experimentally determined WTR rate of 64 Mg ha(-1). A continuous flow method for rapid measurement of soil hydraulic properties was used to determine soil water contents and hydraulic conductivities. A parameter sensitivity analysis to model output indicated that the Soil Conservation Service runoff curve number for moisture soil condition II was the most responsive to change for this subwatershed. The SWAT model yielded significantly different soluble P and P leached amounts once the Langmuir model was included as an option to the linear P sorption model. With this new adaptation, SWAT was able to simulate higher P concentrations as validated by laboratory and greenhouse experimental data. The laboratory and greenhouse assessment of the WTR provided insight into the data required to evaluate the incorporation of the Langmuir model into a watershed scale tool. The choice of P model simulation (between the Freundlich option already in SWAT and the Langmuir method) was included in a sensitivity analysis performed to define the model sensitivity to selected parameters. This study provides one case of higher P conditions that SWAT was able to more adequately simulate with the Langmuir model incorporated. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Rossi, C. G.] USDA ARS, GSWRL, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Heil, D. M.] Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Bonuma, N. B.] Univ Fed Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil. [Williams, J. R.] Texas Agrilife, Temple, TX USA. RP Rossi, CG (reprint author), USDA ARS, GSWRL, 808 E Blackland Rd, Temple, TX 76502 USA. EM cole.rossi@ars.usda.gov NR 74 TC 7 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 45 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1364-8152 J9 ENVIRON MODELL SOFTW JI Environ. Modell. Softw. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 38 BP 40 EP 49 DI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2012.04.018 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 008QK UT WOS:000308971400004 ER PT J AU Attanayake, RN Porter, L Johnson, DA Chen, W AF Attanayake, R. N. Porter, L. Johnson, D. A. Chen, W. TI Genetic and phenotypic diversity and random association of DNA markers of isolates of the fungal plant pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum from soil on a fine geographic scale SO SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Soil borne fungi; Sclerotinia sclerotiorum; Genetic diversity; Phenotypic diversity; Sclerotia; Microsatellite markers; Random association ID MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; LETTUCE DROP; POPULATIONS; TRIFOLIORUM; SURVIVAL; CLONALITY; DISEASE; STEM; DIFFERENTIATION; COMMUNITIES AB Sclerotia of the soil-borne plant pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum were collected from 1 m(2) area of the top 1.27 cm layer of soil in an alfalfa field in southeastern Washington state of the US. Out of 272 sclerotia collected, 40 were randomly selected and analyzed for genetic diversity in terms of microsatellite loci, mycelial compatibility groups (MCGs) and phenotypic diversity using five phenotypic traits (fungicide sensitivity, oxalic acid production, growth rate, colony color and virulence). Sixteen microsatellite haplotypes and 15 MCGs were found among the 40 isolates. The isolates showed three colony colors (beige, dark and white) on Difco PDA and exhibited significant differences in growth rate, oxalic acid production, and sensitivity to three fungicides, benomyl, fluazinam and iprodione. However, these isolates did not show differences in their ability to colonize detached pea leaves. No apparent relationship among the neutral genetic markers and the phenotypic traits was detected. Two of the haplotypes accounted 40% of the isolates, suggesting isolates of these haplotypes might be better adapted to the environmental conditions in this alfalfa field. Several lines of evidence indicated high levels of genetic diversity and potential outcrossing within the population of S. sclerotiorum: 1) high likelihood of five genetic populations based on Bayesian probability and the presence of admixed isolates: 2) random association of alleles in every pair-wise linkage disequilibrium test among eight independent microsatellite loci; 3) discordances between microsatellite haplotypes and MCGs and 4) lack of correspondence among the genetic markers and phenotypic traits. Multilocus Index of Association test suggested that outcrossing occurs only within interbreeding subpopulations of S. sclerotiorum. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Attanayake, R. N.; Johnson, D. A.; Chen, W.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Porter, L.] USDA ARS, Vegetable & Forage Crops Res Unit, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Chen, W.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Grain Legume Genet & Physiol Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Attanayake, RN (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM rattanayake@wsu.edu; lyndon.porter@ars.usda.gov; dajohn@wsu.edu; w-chen@wsu.edu FU USDA-ARS National Sclerotinia Initiative FX We extend our gratitude to Dr. Frank Dugan of USDA - ARS for reviewing the manuscript. This research was funded in part by the USDA-ARS National Sclerotinia Initiative. NR 61 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 36 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-0717 J9 SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM JI Soil Biol. Biochem. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 55 BP 28 EP 36 DI 10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.06.002 PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 013NR UT WOS:000309312600006 ER PT J AU Ebel, ED Williams, MS Golden, NJ Marks, HM AF Ebel, Eric D. Williams, Michael S. Golden, Neal J. Marks, Harry M. TI Simplified framework for predicting changes in public health from performance standards applied in slaughter establishments SO FOOD CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Monte Carlo simulation; Attribution; Screening test; Prevalence ID ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; SALMONELLA; POULTRY; ILLNESS; PREVALENCE; PATHOGENS AB Selection of microbiologic standards for application to raw meat and poultry commodities should consider the public health benefits of such standards. This study describes a simplified framework for quantifying the public health benefits of a microbiologic performance standard. An example, based on the newly implemented Salmonella performance standard for raw broiler chicken carcasses in the United States, provides projections for annual human Salmonella illnesses avoided by industry compliance with the standard, as well as a measure of industry burden to achieve such compliance. In this example, illnesses avoided are proportional to reductions in the industry's frequency of contaminated carcasses. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Ebel, Eric D.; Williams, Michael S.; Golden, Neal J.] US Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Risk Assessment Div, Off Publ Hlth Sci, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Marks, Harry M.] US Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Off Policy & Program Dev, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Williams, MS (reprint author), US Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Risk Assessment Div, Off Publ Hlth Sci, USDA, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg D, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM mike.williams@fsis.usda.gov NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0956-7135 EI 1873-7129 J9 FOOD CONTROL JI Food Control PD DEC PY 2012 VL 28 IS 2 BP 250 EP 257 DI 10.1016/j.foodcont.2012.05.016 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 991HY UT WOS:000307693300010 ER PT J AU Huang, LH AF Huang, Lihan TI A simplified method for numerical simulation of gas grilling of non-intact beef steaks to eliminate Escherichia coli O157:H7 SO JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE E. coli O157:H7; Non-intact beef; Numerical analysis ID THERMAL-DIFFUSIVITY; O157-H7; COOKING AB The objective of this work was to develop a numerical simulation method to study the heat transfer process and inactivation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 during gas grilling of non-intact beef steaks (NIBS). A finite difference and optimization algorithm was developed to determine the effective heat transfer parameters during grilling. After validation, these parameters were used in a finite element method to simulate the temperature profiles at various locations of NIBS (2.54 cm in thickness). The computer simulation results showed that E. coli O157:H7 may survive the heating processes if normal grilling conditions for intact beef steaks were used. Computer simulation results also suggested that E. coli O157:H7 might be effectively inactivated if NIBS (2.54 cm) were evenly flipped (every 4 min) and cooked for 16 min during cooking. The result of this study may help the food service industry to develop more adequate grilling methods and conditions to cook NIBS. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Huang, LH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM lihan.huang@ars.usda.gov FU USDA FSIS FX The author would like to thank Mr. Aaron Williams for technical assistance, and USDA FSIS for providing funding for this research. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0260-8774 J9 J FOOD ENG JI J. Food Eng. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 113 IS 3 BP 380 EP 388 DI 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2012.07.003 PG 9 WC Engineering, Chemical; Food Science & Technology SC Engineering; Food Science & Technology GA 010KW UT WOS:000309094300003 ER PT J AU Knipling, ED Keeney, D AF Knipling, E. D. Keeney, Dennis TI Creating perennial crops SO ISSUES IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 [Knipling, E. D.] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Keeney, Dennis] Iowa State Univ, Inst Agr & Trade Policy, Minneapolis, MN USA. RP Knipling, ED (reprint author), USDA, Agr Res Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM drkeeney@iastate.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0748-5492 J9 ISSUES SCI TECHNOL JI Issues Sci. Technol. PD WIN PY 2012 VL 28 IS 2 BP 5 EP 6 PG 2 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Industrial; Multidisciplinary Sciences; Social Issues SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Social Issues GA 994FD UT WOS:000307915400001 ER PT J AU Smith, WP AF Smith, Winston P. TI Flying Squirrel Demography Varies Between Island Communities with and without Red Squirrels SO NORTHWEST SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID COASTAL CONIFEROUS FOREST; MAMMAL POPULATION-SIZE; TEMPERATE RAIN-FOREST; OLD-GROWTH FORESTS; GLAUCOMYS-SABRINUS; SOUTHEAST ALASKA; INTERSPECIFIC COMPETITION; TAMIASCIURUS-DOUGLASII; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; FIELD EXPERIMENTS AB Recent studies in Southeast Alaska suggest the ecology of Glaucomys sabrinus differs from populations in the Pacific Northwest. In Southeast Alaska, densities were the highest reported for the species, populations were not as closely linked to old-forest attributes, and individuals had a more diverse diet that was less dependent on mycophagy. Pacific Northwest communities are comprised of several arboreal rodents; Southeast Alaska has a depauperate mammal fauna. I hypothesized that Southeast Alaska populations had a broader realized niche because of competitive release. The red squirrel (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) is the only other arboreal squirrel and it is absent from the southern outer islands of Southeast Alaska's Alexander Archipelago. I compared demography and body mass of G. sabrinus on Prince of Wales Island to a population in sympatry with T hudsonicus on a separate island (Mitkof). Home ranges were larger and population density, breeding female density, and juvenile recruitment of G. subrinus were all lower in sympatry with T hudsonicus. In a companion study, G. sabrinus on Prince of Wales Island used cavities for denning relatively more frequently than in sympatry with T hudsonicus on Mitkof Island. Female G. sabrinus depend on cavities for natal dens, and breeding female and population densities are positively correlated with large snag or tree density. The presence of T hudsonicus may influence G. sabrinus populations by limiting availability of cavities. Furthermore, variation in vertebrate assemblages among islands may influence realized niches of resident species, which manifest unique demographic profiles compared to populations of different ecological communities. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. RP Smith, WP (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, 3625 93rd Ave SW, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. EM winstonpsmith@fs.fed.us NR 83 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 5 U2 34 PU NORTHWEST SCIENTIFIC ASSOC PI SEATTLE PA JEFFREY DUDA, USGS, WESTERN FISHERIES RES CTR, 6505 NE 65 ST, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA SN 0029-344X EI 2161-9859 J9 NORTHWEST SCI JI Northwest Sci. PD WIN PY 2012 VL 86 IS 1 BP 27 EP 38 PG 12 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 905LG UT WOS:000301273100003 ER PT J AU Breck, SW Goldstein, MI Pyare, S AF Breck, Stewart W. Goldstein, Michael I. Pyare, Sanjay TI SITE-OCCUPANCY MONITORING OF AN ECOSYSTEM INDICATOR: LINKING CHARACTERISTICS OF RIPARIAN VEGETATION TO BEAVER OCCURRENCE SO WESTERN NORTH AMERICAN NATURALIST LA English DT Article AB Establishment of sampling frameworks to monitor the occurrence of ecological indicators and to identify the covariates that influence occurrence is a high-priority need for natural resource restoration and management efforts. We utilized occupancy modeling to identify patterns of beaver occurrence and factors influencing these patterns (i.e., type and amount of vegetation cover) in the Grand Canyon of the Colorado River ecosystem. We used rafts and kayaks to access a stratified random sample of sites (i.e., 100-m-long sections of riverbank) and used repeated sampling procedures to sample for beaver sign (i.e., lodges, cuttings, tracks, and beaver sightings). We quantified the type and amount of vegetation cover at each sampled section by using a GIS database of remotely sensed information on the riparian vegetation in the Grand Canyon. We first modeled occurrence of beaver sign as a function of the total amount of vegetation cover (summed across classes) and then determined the relative importance score for each of the 7 vegetation classes. Detection probability (p) was 2 times higher when observers traveled in kayaks (0.61) than when they traveled in rafts (0.29). Occurrence of beaver sign (psi) in sampled transects was widespread throughout the Grand Canyon (psi = 0.74, SE = 0.06) and positively associated with total vegetation. The relative importance scores for Tamarix and Pluchea vegetation classes were 1.5-2.5 times larger than those for all other vegetation classes, indicating that occurrence of beaver sign was most strongly associated with the cover of these 2 vegetation classes. Our results imply that quantifying the amount of riparian vegetation in close proximity to a river helps determine the occurrence of an important ecological indicator in riparian systems. The results also demonstrate a useful and cost-effective method for monitoring riverine species' usage patterns by explicitly accounting for detectability. C1 [Breck, Stewart W.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Goldstein, Michael I.] Univ Alaska Southeast, Alaska Coastal Rainforest Ctr, Juneau, AK 99801 USA. [Pyare, Sanjay] Univ Alaska Southeast, Spatial Ecosyst Anal Lab, Juneau, AK 99801 USA. RP Breck, SW (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM stewart.w.breck@aphis.usda.gov FU Remote Wilderness Research and Gotta Wanna Expeditions FX This study was supported and funded by Remote Wilderness Research and Gotta Wanna Expeditions. We thank B. Ralston for providing the GIS vegetation layers and P. Doherty for statistical advice. M. Bhuthimethee, N. Catterson, K. McCoy, L. Fitzgerald, D. Kellett, and T. Kellett helped conduct surveys, and the Pratt family, P. Ressler, A. Corcoran, L. Angel, S. Schubert, J. Vier, and M. Campbell assisted with logistics. We thank S. Mortenson, P. Weisberg, and 2 anonymous reviewers for providing advice. NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 17 PU BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV PI PROVO PA 290 LIFE SCIENCE MUSEUM, PROVO, UT 84602 USA SN 1527-0904 EI 1944-8341 J9 WEST N AM NATURALIST JI West. North Am. Naturalist PD DEC PY 2012 VL 72 IS 4 BP 432 EP 441 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA V33JI UT WOS:000209014700002 ER PT J AU Welsh, SL Goodrich, S AF Welsh, Stanley L. Goodrich, Sherel TI NEW PLANTS FROM MOFFAT AND RIO BLANCO COUNTIES, COLORADO SO WESTERN NORTH AMERICAN NATURALIST LA English DT Article AB Described as new from Moffat and adjacent Rio Blanco counties, Colorado, are 4 taxa: Chrysothamnus nauseosus (Pallas) Britton var. linearifolius S. L. Welsh & S. Goodrich, var. nov.; Erigeron nematophylloides S. L. Welsh & A. Huber, sp. nov.; Lepidium montanum Nuttall var. diffusum S. L. Welsh & S. Goodrich, var. nov.; and Iva axillaris Pursh var. parvifolia S. L. Welsh & A. Huber, var. nov. C1 [Welsh, Stanley L.] Brigham Young Univ, Stanley L Welsh Herbarium, Monte L Bean Life Sci Museum, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Goodrich, Sherel] US Forest Serv, USDA, Vernal, UT USA. RP Welsh, SL (reprint author), Brigham Young Univ, Stanley L Welsh Herbarium, Monte L Bean Life Sci Museum, Provo, UT 84602 USA. EM slslwelsh@aol.com NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV PI PROVO PA 290 LIFE SCIENCE MUSEUM, PROVO, UT 84602 USA SN 1527-0904 EI 1944-8341 J9 WEST N AM NATURALIST JI West. North Am. Naturalist PD DEC PY 2012 VL 72 IS 4 BP 442 EP 446 PG 5 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA V33JI UT WOS:000209014700003 ER PT J AU Evans, LS Citta, A Sanderson, SC AF Evans, Lance S. Citta, Angela Sanderson, Stewart C. TI FLOWERING BRANCHES CAUSE INJURIES TO SECOND-YEAR MAIN STEMS OF ARTEMISIA TRIDENTATA NUTT. SUBSPECIES TRIDENTATA SO WESTERN NORTH AMERICAN NATURALIST LA English DT Article AB Eccentricity of stems of Artemisia tridentata Nutt. (big sagebrush) has been reported previously. Analysis of samples observed over 2 years documented that each stem terminal produces about 8-10 branches each year, and during second-year growth, 3-8 of these develop into short, flowering, determinate branches. Each flowering branch produces hundreds of seeds and then dies at the end of the season, while the other vegetative branches persist. However, growth of the determinate flowering branches causes the death of vascular cambium surrounding their attachment points on the main stem. This death then results in the observed eccentric growth of the stem. In a separate experiment, when presumptive flowering branches were removed prior to elongation, the vascular cambium of the stem was not destroyed, and no eccentric growth occurred. Since the vascular cambium is responsible for continued wood production, the effect of these areas of cambial death is amplified during subsequent years and leads to weak stem segments and possibly to limitations on overall growth. Nevertheless, in spite of these negative side effects, flowering stem growth provides for ample seed production year after year. This peculiar eccentric growth phenomenon, coupled with the anomalous interxylary cork that has also been reported for Artemisia tridentata, supports the idea that this and related species are descended from an herbaceous ancestry and have therefore evolved their rather imperfect woodiness secondarily. C1 [Evans, Lance S.; Citta, Angela] Manhattan Coll, Dept Biol, Lab Plant Morphogenesis, Bronx, NY 10471 USA. [Sanderson, Stewart C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Shrub Sci Lab, Provo, UT 84606 USA. RP Evans, LS (reprint author), Manhattan Coll, Dept Biol, Lab Plant Morphogenesis, Bronx, NY 10471 USA. EM lance.evans@manhattan.edu FU Catherine and Robert Fenton Endowed Chair FX We are grateful for the Catherine and Robert Fenton Endowed Chair to LSE for financial support for the research. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV PI PROVO PA 290 LIFE SCIENCE MUSEUM, PROVO, UT 84602 USA SN 1527-0904 EI 1944-8341 J9 WEST N AM NATURALIST JI West. North Am. Naturalist PD DEC PY 2012 VL 72 IS 4 BP 447 EP 456 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA V33JI UT WOS:000209014700004 ER PT J AU DeWoody, J Lindstrand, L Hipkins, VD Nelson, JK AF DeWoody, Jennifer Lindstrand, Len, III Hipkins, Valerie D. Nelson, Julie Kierstead TI POPULATION GENETICS OF NEVIUSIA CLIFTONII (SHASTA SNOW-WREATH): PATTERNS OF DIVERSITY IN A RARE ENDEMIC SO WESTERN NORTH AMERICAN NATURALIST LA English DT Article AB Neviusia cliftonii (Rosaceae), the Shasta snow-wreath, is an endemic shrub found in the vicinity of Shasta Lake, Shasta County, California. First described 20 years ago, the species is of conservation concern due to its restricted range, a low number of known populations, and the potential impacts on or threats to many of these populations. To assess the genetic structure of N. cliftonii, 21 of the 23 known populations were sampled for isozyme analysis. Genetic and multivariate analyses were used to assess levels of genet (genotypic) diversity, allelic variation, and population differentiation. When assessed at 17 loci, a total of 48 multilocus genotypes were identified in the collection of 410 samples, indicating N. cliftonii is capable of significant vegetative reproduction. Five populations were composed of a single genet each, with an average of 3.14 genets per population and a maximum of 15 genets in a single population. Allelic diversity was low, with a maximum of 3 alleles observed at one locus. Populations were differentiated, with 85% of the allele frequency variance distributed among populations. Multivariate analysis identified 3 clusters of genetically similar populations: one cluster composed of 15 populations, a second cluster composed of 5 populations, and one population being distinct. Individuals from the distinct population displayed unique alleles at 2 loci (AAT-1 and AAT-2). The distribution of populations among clusters did not correspond to geographic (watershed) or substrate classifications, indicating that additional, unmeasured factors may influence the genetic structure of this species. C1 [DeWoody, Jennifer; Hipkins, Valerie D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Natl Forest Genet Lab, Placerville, CA 95667 USA. [Lindstrand, Len, III] North State Resources Inc, Redding, CA 96002 USA. [Nelson, Julie Kierstead] US Forest Serv, USDA, Shasta Trinity Natl Forest, Redding, CA 96002 USA. RP DeWoody, J (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Natl Forest Genet Lab, 2480 Carson Rd, Placerville, CA 95667 USA. EM jdewoody@yahoo.com RI DeWoody, James/C-4909-2008 OI DeWoody, James/0000-0002-7315-5631 FU U.S. Bureau of Reclamation Mid-Pacific Region office FX J. Mello, R. Hernandez, and R. Hanson conducted laboratory analyses. M. Goolsby provided assistance with ArcGIS. We thank the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation Mid-Pacific Region office for their support. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV PI PROVO PA 290 LIFE SCIENCE MUSEUM, PROVO, UT 84602 USA SN 1527-0904 EI 1944-8341 J9 WEST N AM NATURALIST JI West. North Am. Naturalist PD DEC PY 2012 VL 72 IS 4 BP 457 EP 472 PG 16 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA V33JI UT WOS:000209014700005 ER PT J AU Cane, JH Love, B Swoboda, K AF Cane, James H. Love, Byron Swoboda, Katharine TI BREEDING BIOLOGY AND BEE GUILD OF DOUGLAS' DUSTYMAIDEN, CHAENACTIS DOUGLASII (ASTERACEAE, HELENIEAE) SO WESTERN NORTH AMERICAN NATURALIST LA English DT Article AB Douglas' dustymaiden, Chaenactis douglasii (Hook.) Hook. & Arn., is a widespread, inconspicuous, short-lived perennial wildflower that blooms in early summer and is found in basin sagesteppe to upper montane areas throughout the U. S. Intermountain West. The species is proving practical to grow for seed and is expected to be used for western rangeland rehabilitation. Through manual pollination experiments, C. douglasii was found to be only weakly self-fertile; 15% of flowers from geitonogamy and autogamy treatments yielded filled achenes. In contrast, 57% of out-crossed flowers produced achenes filled with endosperm, with every capitulum yielding some fertile seeds. Freely visited flowers from a wild population produced 91% fertile achenes, indicating that seed production was not pollinator limited. Floral visitors to C. douglasii were sparse, consisting entirely of bees, most of them floral generalists. Museum specimens of bees taken at C. douglasii and 3 closely related congenerics comprise 175 species in 39 genera and all 6 North American bee families. A population of the manageable mesolectic cavity-nesting bee, Osmia californica, when released at one sagesteppe site, provisioned its cells primarily with pale, spiny pollen resembling that of the C. douglasii growing at the site. This bee and the honey bee appear most promising for pollinating dustymaiden that is being farmed for seed. C1 [Cane, James H.; Love, Byron; Swoboda, Katharine] Utah State Univ, USDA, ARS, Pollinating Insect Res Unit, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Cane, JH (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA, ARS, Pollinating Insect Res Unit, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM jim.cane@ars.usda.gov FU Great Basin Native Plant Selection and Increase Project through the USDI-BLM Great Basin Restoration Initiative; USDA-FS Rocky Mountain Research Station FX Seth Nafziger assisted with the manual pollinations and seed processing. Research was funded by the Great Basin Native Plant Selection and Increase Project funded through the USDI-BLM Great Basin Restoration Initiative and the USDA-FS Rocky Mountain Research Station. We are grateful to Drs. Nancy Shaw and Derek Tilley for detailed, constructive reviews. NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV PI PROVO PA 290 LIFE SCIENCE MUSEUM, PROVO, UT 84602 USA SN 1527-0904 EI 1944-8341 J9 WEST N AM NATURALIST JI West. North Am. Naturalist PD DEC PY 2012 VL 72 IS 4 BP 563 EP 568 PG 6 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA V33JI UT WOS:000209014700012 ER PT J AU Bao, ZM Cartinhour, S Swingle, B AF Bao, Zhongmeng Cartinhour, Sam Swingle, Bryan TI Substrate and Target Sequence Length Influence RecTE(Psy) Recombineering Efficiency in Pseudomonas syringae SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; BACTERIOPHAGE-LAMBDA; GENOME SEQUENCE; MEDIATED RECOMBINATION; BETA-PROTEIN; DNA; MUTAGENESIS; EVOLUTION; PATHOGEN; IDENTIFICATION AB We are developing a new recombineering system to assist experimental manipulation of the Pseudomonas syringae genome. P. syringae is a globally dispersed plant pathogen and an important model species used to study the molecular biology of bacteria-plant interactions. We previously identified orthologs of the lambda Red bet/exo and Rac recET genes in P. syringae and confirmed that they function in recombineering using ssDNA and dsDNA substrates. Here we investigate the properties of dsDNA substrates more closely to determine how they influence recombineering efficiency. We find that the length of flanking homologies and length of the sequences being inserted or deleted have a large effect on RecTE(Psy) mediated recombination efficiency. These results provide information about the design elements that should be considered when using recombineering. C1 [Bao, Zhongmeng; Cartinhour, Sam; Swingle, Bryan] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Cartinhour, Sam; Swingle, Bryan] ARS, USDA, Ithaca, NY USA. RP Swingle, B (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM Bryan.Swingle@ars.usda.gov FU U. S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service FX This research was supported by the U. S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 33 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 10 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 30 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 11 AR e50617 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0050617 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 054WM UT WOS:000312376100144 PM 23226333 ER PT J AU Stanton, JB Schneider, DA Dinkel, KD Balmer, BF Baszler, TV Mathison, BA Boykin, DW Kumar, A AF Stanton, James B. Schneider, David A. Dinkel, Kelcey D. Balmer, Bethany F. Baszler, Timothy V. Mathison, Bruce A. Boykin, David W. Kumar, Arvind TI Discovery of a Novel, Monocationic, Small-Molecule Inhibitor of Scrapie Prion Accumulation in Cultured Sheep Microglia and Rov Cells SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID VIRAL DIARRHEA VIRUS; TRANSMISSIBLE SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHIES; INCUBATION PERIOD; CONGO RED; INFECTED HAMSTERS; PROTEIN-FORMATION; AMPHOTERICIN-B; PHOSPHOROTHIOATE OLIGONUCLEOTIDES; BRANCHED POLYAMINES; PRPSC ACCUMULATION AB Prion diseases, including sheep scrapie, are neurodegenerative diseases with the fundamental pathogenesis involving conversion of normal cellular prion protein (PrPC) to disease-associated prion protein (PrPSc). Chemical inhibition of prion accumulation is widely investigated, often using rodent-adapted prion cell culture models. Using a PrPSc-specific ELISA we discovered a monocationic phenyl-furan-benzimidazole (DB772), which has previously demonstrated anti-pestiviral activity and represents a chemical category previously untested for anti-prion activity, that inhibited PrPSc accumulation and prion infectivity in primary sheep microglial cell cultures (PRNP 136VV/154RR/171QQ) and Rov9 cultures (VRQ-ovinized RK13 cells). We investigated potential mechanisms of this anti-prion activity by evaluating PrPC expression with quantitative RT-PCR and PrP ELISA, comparing the concentration-dependent anti-prion and anti-pestiviral effects of DB772, and determining the selectivity index. Results demonstrate at least an approximate two-log inhibition of PrPSc accumulation in the two cell systems and confirmed that the inhibition of PrPSc accumulation correlates with inhibition of prion infectivity. PRNP transcripts and total PrP protein concentrations within cell lysates were not decreased; thus, decreased PrPC expression is not the mechanism of PrPSc inhibition. PrPSc accumulation was multiple logs more resistant than pestivirus to DB772, suggesting that the anti-PrPSc activity was independent of anti-pestivirus activity. The anti-PrPSc selectivity index in cell culture was approximately 4.6 in microglia and 5.5 in Rov9 cells. The results describe a new chemical category that inhibits ovine PrPSc accumulation in primary sheep microglia and Rov9 cells, and can be used for future studies into the treatment and mechanism of prion diseases. C1 [Stanton, James B.; Dinkel, Kelcey D.; Balmer, Bethany F.; Baszler, Timothy V.; Mathison, Bruce A.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Schneider, David A.] ARS, USDA, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA USA. [Boykin, David W.; Kumar, Arvind] Georgia State Univ, Dept Chem, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. RP Stanton, JB (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM jstanton@vetmed.wsu.edu RI Schneider, David/A-2833-2010; Stanton, James/A-5277-2011 OI Schneider, David/0000-0001-9659-6731; Stanton, James/0000-0002-7661-2631 FU United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service [58-5348-7-577]; Washington State University New Faculty Seed Grant; National Institutes of Health [AI064200] FX This work was supported by United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Specific Cooperative Agreement No. 58-5348-7-577, the Washington State University New Faculty Seed Grant, and National Institutes of Health AI064200. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 69 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 10 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 30 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 11 AR e51173 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0051173 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 054WM UT WOS:000312376100294 PM 23226483 ER PT J AU Oh, MH Wu, X Kim, HS Harper, JF Zielinski, RE Clouse, SD Huber, SC AF Oh, Man-Ho Wu, Xia Kim, Hyoung Seok Harper, Jeffrey F. Zielinski, Raymond E. Clouse, Steven D. Huber, Steven C. TI CDPKs are dual-specificity protein kinases and tyrosine autophosphorylation attenuates kinase activity SO FEBS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Calcium-dependent protein kinase; Tyrosine autophosphorylation; Site-directed mutagenesis; Calcium signaling; Peptide kinase activity ID REGULATORY PHOSPHORYLATION SITE; SYNTHETIC PEPTIDES; CALCIUM; ARABIDOPSIS; PLANT; IDENTIFICATION; LOCALIZATION; SUPERFAMILY; RESIDUES; SYNTHASE AB Although calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs or CPKs) are classified as serine/threonine protein kinases, autophosphorylation on tyrosine residues was observed for soybean CDPK beta and several Arabidopsis isoforms (AtCPK4 and AtCPK34). We identified Ser-8, Thr-17, Tyr-24 (in the kinase domain), Ser-304, and Ser-358 as autophosphorylation sites of His(6)-GmCDPK beta. Overall autophosphorylation increased kinase activity with synthetic peptides, but autophosphorylation of Tyr-24 appears to attenuate kinase activity based on studies with the Y24F directed mutant. While much remains to be done, it is clear that several CDPKs are dual-specificity kinases, which raises the possibility that phosphotyrosine signaling may play a role in Ca2+/CDPK-mediated processes. C1 [Oh, Man-Ho; Wu, Xia; Kim, Hyoung Seok; Zielinski, Raymond E.; Huber, Steven C.] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Harper, Jeffrey F.] Univ Nevada, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Clouse, Steven D.] NC State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Huber, Steven C.] ARS, USDA, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Huber, SC (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, 1201 W Gregory Dr,197 ERML, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM schuber1@illinois.edu RI Wu, Xia/J-8690-2014 OI Wu, Xia/0000-0002-0024-4481 FU National Science Foundation [IOS-1022177, MCB-0740211, MCB-1021363, MCB-0920624]; US Department of Agriculture (USDA)-Agricultural Research Service (ARS) FX This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation (IOS-1022177, MCB-0740211, MCB-1021363 and MCB-0920624) and the US Department of Agriculture (USDA)-Agricultural Research Service (ARS). NR 26 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-5793 J9 FEBS LETT JI FEBS Lett. PD NOV 30 PY 2012 VL 586 IS 23 BP 4070 EP 4075 DI 10.1016/j.febslet.2012.09.040 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 040TF UT WOS:000311346100002 PM 23079037 ER PT J AU Cook, DE Lee, TG Guo, XL Melito, S Wang, K Bayless, AM Wang, JP Hughes, TJ Willis, DK Clemente, TE Diers, BW Jiang, JM Hudson, ME Bent, AF AF Cook, David E. Lee, Tong Geon Guo, Xiaoli Melito, Sara Wang, Kai Bayless, Adam M. Wang, Jianping Hughes, Teresa J. Willis, David K. Clemente, Thomas E. Diers, Brian W. Jiang, Jiming Hudson, Matthew E. Bent, Andrew F. TI Copy Number Variation of Multiple Genes at Rhg1 Mediates Nematode Resistance in Soybean SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CYST-NEMATODE; PLANT-PATHOGEN; EXPRESSION; INFECTION; CLUSTERS; GENOME; ROOTS; RNAS AB The rhg1-b allele of soybean is widely used for resistance against soybean cyst nematode (SCN), the most economically damaging pathogen of soybeans in the United States. Gene silencing showed that genes in a 31-kilobase segment at rhg1-b, encoding an amino acid transporter, an a-SNAP protein, and a WI12 (wound-inducible domain) protein, each contribute to resistance. There is one copy of the 31-kilobase segment per haploid genome in susceptible varieties, but 10 tandem copies are present in an rhg1-b haplotype. Overexpression of the individual genes in roots was ineffective, but overexpression of the genes together conferred enhanced SCN resistance. Hence, SCN resistance mediated by the soybean quantitative trait locus Rhg1 is conferred by copy number variation that increases the expression of a set of dissimilar genes in a repeated multigene segment. C1 [Cook, David E.; Guo, Xiaoli; Melito, Sara; Bayless, Adam M.; Hughes, Teresa J.; Bent, Andrew F.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Plant Pathol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Lee, Tong Geon; Wang, Jianping; Diers, Brian W.; Hudson, Matthew E.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Wang, Kai; Jiang, Jiming] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Willis, David K.] Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Willis, David K.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Plant Pathol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Clemente, Thomas E.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Hudson, Matthew E.] Univ Illinois, Inst Genom Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Bent, AF (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Plant Pathol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM afbent@wisc.edu RI Hudson, Matthew/A-4438-2008; Jiang, Jiming/A-9614-2009; Wang, Kai/A-2143-2011; Lee, Tong Geon/H-1812-2014; Bent, Andrew/E-5391-2016 OI Hudson, Matthew/0000-0002-4737-0936; Wang, Kai/0000-0002-1074-0438; Lee, Tong Geon/0000-0003-1672-4356; Bent, Andrew/0000-0001-6610-9525 FU United Soybean Board; USDA CSREES; Illinois Soybean Association; NSF [DBI-0922703]; Wisconsin Experiment Station Hatch Award; Pioneer Fellowship in Plant Pathology; American Phytopathological Society FX Supported by the United Soybean Board (A.F.B.), USDA CSREES (M.E.H.), Illinois Soybean Association (M.E.H. and B.W.D.), NSF grant DBI-0922703 (J.J.), Wisconsin Experiment Station Hatch Award (A.F.B.), and the Pioneer Fellowship in Plant Pathology awarded to D.E.C. by the American Phytopathological Society through a gift from Pioneer Hi-Bred. We thank A. E. MacGuidwin for suggestions regarding SCN experiments and J. M. Palmer for assistance with RNA blots. DNA sequence data are available at NCBI GenBank under accession codes JX907804 to JX907808 and at the NCBI Short Read Archive, study no. SRA059285. A.F.B., M.E.H., B.W.D., D.E.C., T.G.L., X.G., S.M., T.J.H., and J.W. are listed as inventors on a provisional patent application filed by Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation that covers the findings reported herein. NR 31 TC 143 Z9 162 U1 4 U2 150 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD NOV 30 PY 2012 VL 338 IS 6111 BP 1206 EP 1209 DI 10.1126/science.1228746 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 045AL UT WOS:000311666200045 PM 23065905 ER PT J AU Reba, ML Pomeroy, J Marks, D Link, TE AF Reba, Michele L. Pomeroy, John Marks, Danny Link, Timothy E. TI Estimating surface sublimation losses from snowpacks in a mountain catchment using eddy covariance and turbulent transfer calculations SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES LA English DT Article DE eddy covariance; snow; sublimation ID BALANCE SNOWMELT MODEL; COVER ENERGY-BALANCE; LATENT-HEAT FLUXES; RAIN-ON-SNOW; BLOWING-SNOW; SOLAR-RADIATION; UNITED-STATES; LONGWAVE RADIATION; MOISTURE FLUXES; SIERRA-NEVADA AB Sublimation is a critical component of the snow cover mass balance. Although sublimation can be directly measured using eddy covariance (EC), such measurements are relatively uncommon in complex mountainous environments. The EC measurements of surface snowpack sublimation from three consecutive winter seasons (2004, 2005 and 2006) at a wind-exposed and wind-sheltered site were analysed to characterise sublimation in mountainous terrain. During the 2006 snow season, snow surface and near-surface air temperature, humidity and wind were also measured, permitting the calculation of sublimation rates and a comparison with EC measurements. This comparison showed that measured and simulated sublimation was very similar at the exposed site but less so at the sheltered site. Wind speeds at the exposed site were nearly four times than that at the sheltered site, and the exposed site yielded measured sublimation that was two times the magnitude of that at the sheltered site. The time variation of measured sublimation showed diurnal increases in the early afternoon and increased rates overall as the snow season progressed. Measured mean daily sublimation rates were 0.39 and 0.15?mm?day-1 at the exposed and sheltered sites, respectively. At the exposed site, measured sublimation accounted for 16% and 41% of the maximum snow accumulation in 2006 and 2005, respectively. At the sheltered site, measured seasonal sublimation was approximately 4% in 2004 and 2006 and 8% in 2005 of the maximum snow water equivalent. Simulated sublimation was only available for 2006 and suggested smaller but comparable percentages to the sublimation estimated from observations. At the exposed site, a total of 42?mm sublimated for the snow season, which constituted 12% of the maximum accumulation. At the sheltered site, 17?mm (2.2% of maximum accumulation) was sublimated over the snow season. Copyright (C) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Reba, Michele L.] ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, USDA, Jonesboro, AR USA. [Pomeroy, John] Univ Saskatchewan, Ctr Hydrol, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. [Marks, Danny] ARS, NW Watershed Res Ctr, Boise, ID USA. [Link, Timothy E.] Univ Idaho, Coll Nat Resources, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. RP Reba, ML (reprint author), ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, USDA, Jonesboro, AR USA. EM michele.reba@ars.usda.gov RI Pomeroy, John/A-8589-2013 OI Pomeroy, John/0000-0002-4782-7457 FU USDA-Agricultural Research Service; University of Idaho; DeVlieg Foundation; IP3 Network; NSF EPSCoR FX Funding from the USDA-Agricultural Research Service, the University of Idaho, the DeVlieg Foundation, the IP3 Network and the NSF EPSCoR made this research possible. Field assistance from Zane Cram and Ron Hartzman and data support from Dean Vickers, Russell Scott and Steve Van Vactor are greatly appreciated. NR 62 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 28 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1099-1085 J9 HYDROL PROCESS JI Hydrol. Process. PD NOV 29 PY 2012 VL 26 IS 24 BP 3699 EP 3711 DI 10.1002/hyp.8372 PG 13 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 041FA UT WOS:000311381800008 ER PT J AU Brenchley, R Spannagl, M Pfeifer, M Barker, GLA D'Amore, R Allen, AM McKenzie, N Kramer, M Kerhornou, A Bolser, D Kay, S Waite, D Trick, M Bancroft, I Gu, Y Huo, N Luo, MC Sehgal, S Gill, B Kianian, S Anderson, O Kersey, P Dvorak, J McCombie, WR Hall, A Mayer, KFX Edwards, KJ Bevan, MW Hall, N AF Brenchley, Rachel Spannagl, Manuel Pfeifer, Matthias Barker, Gary L. A. D'Amore, Rosalinda Allen, Alexandra M. McKenzie, Neil Kramer, Melissa Kerhornou, Arnaud Bolser, Dan Kay, Suzanne Waite, Darren Trick, Martin Bancroft, Ian Gu, Yong Huo, Naxin Luo, Ming-Cheng Sehgal, Sunish Gill, Bikram Kianian, Sharyar Anderson, Olin Kersey, Paul Dvorak, Jan McCombie, W. Richard Hall, Anthony Mayer, Klaus F. X. Edwards, Keith J. Bevan, Michael W. Hall, Neil TI Analysis of the breadwheat genome using whole-genome shotgun sequencing SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID HEXAPLOID WHEAT; BRACHYPODIUM-DISTACHYON; TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENTS; GENE; EVOLUTION; MAIZE; DIVERSITY; TRITICUM; MAP; IDENTIFICATION AB Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) is a globally important crop, accounting for 20 per cent of the calories consumed by humans. Major efforts are underway worldwide to increase wheat production by extending genetic diversity and analysing key traits, and genomic resources can accelerate progress. But so far the very large size and polyploid complexity of the bread wheat genome have been substantial barriers to genome analysis. Here we report the sequencing of its large, 17-gigabase-pair, hexaploid genome using 454 pyrosequencing, and comparison of this with the sequences of diploid ancestral and progenitor genomes. We identified between 94,000 and 96,000 genes, and assigned two-thirds to the three component genomes (A, B and D) of hexaploid wheat. High-resolution synteny maps identified many small disruptions to conserved gene order. We show that the hexaploid genome is highly dynamic, with significant loss of gene family members on polyploidization and domestication, and an abundance of gene fragments. Several classes of genes involved in energy harvesting, metabolism and growth are among expanded gene families that could be associated with crop productivity. Our analyses, coupled with the identification of extensive genetic variation, provide a resource for accelerating gene discovery and improving this major crop. C1 [McKenzie, Neil; Waite, Darren; Trick, Martin; Bancroft, Ian; Bevan, Michael W.] John Innes Ctr Plant Sci Res, Norwich NR4 7UH, Norfolk, England. [Brenchley, Rachel; D'Amore, Rosalinda; Kay, Suzanne; Hall, Anthony; Hall, Neil] Univ Liverpool, Ctr Genome Res, Liverpool L69 7ZB, Merseyside, England. [Spannagl, Manuel; Pfeifer, Matthias; Mayer, Klaus F. X.] Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, MIPS IBIS, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany. [Barker, Gary L. A.; Allen, Alexandra M.; Edwards, Keith J.] Univ Bristol, Sch Biol Sci, Bristol BS8 1UG, Avon, England. [Kramer, Melissa; McCombie, W. Richard] Cold Spring Harbor Lab, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724 USA. [Kerhornou, Arnaud; Bolser, Dan; Kersey, Paul] European Bioinformat Inst, Cambridge CB10 1SD, England. [Gu, Yong; Huo, Naxin; Anderson, Olin] USDA, Western Reg Lab, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Luo, Ming-Cheng; Dvorak, Jan] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Sehgal, Sunish; Gill, Bikram] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Kianian, Sharyar] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58018 USA. RP Bevan, MW (reprint author), John Innes Ctr Plant Sci Res, Norwich NR4 7UH, Norfolk, England. EM Anthony.Hall@liverpool.ac.uk; k.mayer@helmholtz-muenchen.de; k.j.edwards@bristol.ac.uk; michael.bevan@jic.ac.uk; Neil.Hall@liverpool.ac.uk RI Luo, Ming-Cheng/C-5600-2011; Hall, Neil/A-8717-2013; Hall, Anthony/D-2844-2009; Mayer, Klaus/M-7941-2015; OI Hall, Neil/0000-0002-7995-3810; Mayer, Klaus/0000-0001-6484-1077; Kerhornou, Arnaud/0000-0002-2890-295X; Bolser, Dan/0000-0002-3991-0859; Bancroft, Ian/0000-0001-7707-1171; Hall, Anthony/0000-0002-1806-020X; McCombie, W. Richard/0000-0003-1899-0682; Hall, Neil/0000-0003-2808-0009; Kersey, Paul/0000-0002-7054-800X FU UK Biological and Biotechnological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) [BB/G012865, BB/G013985/1, BB/G013004/1]; Wolfson Merit Award from the Royal Society; BBSRC Strategic Programme [B/J004588/1]; EC TriticeaeGenome grant [212019]; TRITEX Project of the Plant20130 Initiative of the German Ministry of Education and Research grant [0315954C]; EC Transplant Grant [283496]; BBSRC Career Development Fellowship [BB/H022333/1]; US NSF [IOS-1032105, DBI-0923128, DBI-0701916, DBI-0822100]; USDA-NIFA [2008-35300-04588] FX DNA sequence was generated by The University of Liverpool Centre for Genomic Research (United Kingdom), 454 Life Sciences (United States), The Cold Spring Harbor Woodbury Genome Centre (United States) and The Genome Analysis Centre (United Kingdom). This work was supported by UK Biological and Biotechnological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) grants BB/G012865, BB/G013985/1 and BB/G013004/1, to K.J.E., M.W.B. and N. Hall; a Wolfson Merit Award from the Royal Society, to N. Hall; BBSRC Strategic Programme grant B/J004588/1 (GRO), to M.W.B.; EC TriticeaeGenome grant number 212019, to K.F.X.M. and M.W.B.; The TRITEX Project of the Plant20130 Initiative of the German Ministry of Education and Research grant number 0315954C, to K.F.X.M.; EC Transplant Grant 283496, to K.F.X.M. and P.K., a BBSRC Career Development Fellowship BB/H022333/1, to A.H., US NSF grants IOS-1032105 and DBI-0923128, to W.R.M.; USDA-NIFA grant 2008-35300-04588, to B.G.; and US NSF grants DBI-0701916, to J.D., and DBI-0822100, to S. Kianian. NR 42 TC 402 Z9 435 U1 38 U2 271 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD NOV 29 PY 2012 VL 491 IS 7426 BP 705 EP 710 DI 10.1038/nature11650 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 044FY UT WOS:000311606000034 PM 23192148 ER PT J AU Mayer, KFX Waugh, R Langridge, P Close, TJ Wise, RP Graner, A Matsumoto, T Sato, K Schulman, A Muehlbauer, GJ Stein, N Ariyadasa, R Schulte, D Poursarebani, N Zhou, RN Steuernagel, B Mascher, M Scholz, U Shi, BJ Langridge, P Madishetty, K Svensson, JT Bhat, P Moscou, M Resnik, J Close, TJ Muehlbauer, GJ Hedley, P Liu, H Morris, J Waugh, R Frenkel, Z Korol, A Berges, H Graner, A Stein, N Steuernagel, B Taudien, S Groth, M Felder, M Lonardi, S Duma, D Alpert, M Cordero, F Beccuti, M Ciardo, G Ma, Y Wanamaker, S Stein, N Close, TJ Platzer, M Brown, JWS Schulman, A Platzer, M Fincher, GB Muehlbauer, GJ Sato, K Taudien, S Sampath, D Swarbreck, D Scalabrin, S Zuccolo, A Vendramin, V Morgante, M Schulman, A AF Mayer, Klaus F. X. Waugh, Robbie Langridge, Peter Close, Timothy J. Wise, Roger P. Graner, Andreas Matsumoto, Takashi Sato, Kazuhiro Schulman, Alan Muehlbauer, Gary J. Stein, Nils Ariyadasa, Ruvini Schulte, Daniela Poursarebani, Naser Zhou, Ruonan Steuernagel, Burkhard Mascher, Martin Scholz, Uwe Shi, Bujun Langridge, Peter Madishetty, Kavitha Svensson, Jan T. Bhat, Prasanna Moscou, Matthew Resnik, Josh Close, Timothy J. Muehlbauer, Gary J. Hedley, Pete Liu, Hui Morris, Jenny Waugh, Robbie Frenkel, Zeev Korol, Avraham Berges, Helene Graner, Andreas Stein, Nils Steuernagel, Burkhard Taudien, Stefan Groth, Marco Felder, Marius Lonardi, Stefano Duma, Denisa Alpert, Matthew Cordero, Francesa Beccuti, Marco Ciardo, Gianfranco Ma, Yaqin Wanamaker, Steve Stein, Nils Close, Timothy J. Platzer, Matthias Brown, John W. S. Schulman, Alan Platzer, Matthias Fincher, Geoffrey B. Muehlbauer, Gary J. Sato, Kazuhiro Taudien, Stefan Sampath, Dharanya Swarbreck, David Scalabrin, Simone Zuccolo, Andrea Vendramin, Vera Morgante, Michele Schulman, Alan CA Int Barley Genome Sequencing Conso TI A physical, genetic and functional sequence assembly of the barley genome SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID MESSENGER-RNA DECAY; MILDEW RESISTANCE LOCUS; HORDEUM-VULGARE L.; NONCODING RNAS; EVOLUTION; MAP; EXPRESSION; RICE; ARABIDOPSIS; REVEALS AB Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is among the world's earliest domesticated and most important crop plants. It is diploid with a large haploid genome of 5.1 gigabases (Gb). Here we present an integrated and ordered physical, genetic and functional sequence resource that describes the barley gene-space in a structured whole-genome context. We developed a physical map of 4.98 Gb, with more than 3.90 Gb anchored to a high-resolution genetic map. Projecting a deep whole-genome shotgun assembly, complementary DNA and deep RNA sequence data onto this framework supports 79,379 transcript clusters, including 26,159 'high-confidence' genes with homology support from other plant genomes. Abundant alternative splicing, premature termination codons and novel transcriptionally active regions suggest that post-transcriptional processing forms an important regulatory layer. Survey sequences from diverse accessions reveal a landscape of extensive single-nucleotide variation. Our data provide a platform for both genome-assisted research and enabling contemporary crop improvement. C1 [Mayer, Klaus F. X.] Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, MIPS IBIS, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany. [Waugh, Robbie; Hedley, Pete; Liu, Hui; Morris, Jenny; Waugh, Robbie] James Hutton Inst, Dundee DD2 5DE, Scotland. [Langridge, Peter; Langridge, Peter] Univ Adelaide, Australian Ctr Plant Funct Genom, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia. [Wise, Roger P.] Iowa State Univ, USDA, ARS, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Graner, Andreas; Stein, Nils; Ariyadasa, Ruvini; Schulte, Daniela; Poursarebani, Naser; Zhou, Ruonan; Steuernagel, Burkhard; Mascher, Martin; Scholz, Uwe; Graner, Andreas; Stein, Nils; Steuernagel, Burkhard] Leibniz Inst Plant Genet & Crop Plant Res IPK, D-06466 Seeland Ot Gatersleben, Germany. [Matsumoto, Takashi] Natl Inst Agrobiol Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058602, Japan. [Sato, Kazuhiro] Okayama Univ, Kurashiki, Okayama 7100046, Japan. [Schulman, Alan] Univ Helsinki, MTT Agrifood Res, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Schulman, Alan] Univ Helsinki, Inst Biotechnol, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Muehlbauer, Gary J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, Dept Plant Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Frenkel, Zeev; Korol, Avraham] Univ Haifa, Inst Evolut, IL-31905 Haifa, Israel. [Close, Timothy J.; Madishetty, Kavitha; Svensson, Jan T.; Bhat, Prasanna; Moscou, Matthew; Resnik, Josh; Close, Timothy J.; Close, Timothy J.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Berges, Helene] INRA CNRGV, Auzeville, France. [Taudien, Stefan; Groth, Marco; Felder, Marius; Platzer, Matthias; Platzer, Matthias; Taudien, Stefan] Fritz Lipmann Inst, Leibniz Inst Age Res, D-07745 Jena, Germany. [Lonardi, Stefano; Duma, Denisa; Alpert, Matthew; Cordero, Francesa; Beccuti, Marco; Ciardo, Gianfranco; Ma, Yaqin] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Scalabrin, Simone; Zuccolo, Andrea] Ist Genom Applicata, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Vendramin, Vera; Morgante, Michele] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Sci Agr & Ambientali, I-33100 Udine, Italy. Univ Arizona, Arizona Genom Inst, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. ARS, USDA, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Sampath, Dharanya; Swarbreck, David] Genome Anal Ctr, Norwich NR4 7UH, Norfolk, England. [Brown, John W. S.] Univ Dundee, James Hutton Inst, Div Plant Sci, Dundee DD2 5DA, Scotland. [Fincher, Geoffrey B.] Univ Adelaide, ARC Ctr Excellence Plant Cell Walls, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia. Dept Comp Sci, I-10149 Turin, Italy. RP Mayer, KFX (reprint author), Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, MIPS IBIS, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany. EM k.mayer@helmholtz-muenchen.de; Robbie.Waugh@hutton.ac.uk; stein@ipk-gatersleben.de RI Schulman, Alan/A-9322-2011; Bayer, Micha/F-2255-2013; Langridge, Peter/G-5864-2010; Mayer, Klaus/M-7941-2015; Moscou, Matthew/D-5266-2011; OI Beccuti, Marco/0000-0001-6125-9460; Scholz, Uwe/0000-0001-6113-3518; Cordero, Francesca/0000-0002-3143-3330; Wing, Rod/0000-0001-6633-6226; Schulman, Alan/0000-0002-4126-6177; Langridge, Peter/0000-0001-9494-400X; Mayer, Klaus/0000-0001-6484-1077; Moscou, Matthew/0000-0003-2098-6818; Steuernagel, Burkhard/0000-0002-8284-7728; Schmutzer, Thomas/0000-0003-1073-6719; Poland, Jesse/0000-0002-7856-1399 FU German Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) [0314000]; Leibniz Association; European project of the 7th framework programme "TriticeaeGenome"; Austrian Wissenschaftsfond (FWF) [SFB F3705]; ERA-NET PG project "BARCODE"; Scottish Government/BBSRC [BB/100663X/1]; National Science Foundation [DBI 0321756, DBI-1062301]; USDA-CSREES-NRI [2006-55606-16722]; Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Plant Genome, Genetics and Breeding Program of USDA-CSREES-NIFA [2009-65300-05645]; BRAIN and NBRP-Japan; Japanese MAFF [TRG1008] FX This work has been supported from the following funding sources: German Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) grant 0314000 "BARLEX" to K.F.X.M., M.P., U.S. and N.S.; Leibniz Association grant (Pakt f. Forschung und Innovation) to N.S.; European project of the 7th framework programme "TriticeaeGenome" to R.W., A.S., K.F.X.M., M.M. and N.S.; SFB F3705, of the Austrian Wissenschaftsfond (FWF) to K.F.X.M.; ERA-NET PG project "BARCODE" grant to M.M., N.S. and R.W.; Scottish Government/BBSRC grant BB/100663X/1 to R.W., D.M., P.H., J.R., M.C. and P.K.; National Science Foundation grant DBI 0321756 "Coupling EST and Bacterial Artificial Chromosome Resources to Access the Barley Genome" and DBI-1062301 "Barcoding-Free Multiplexing: Leveraging Combinatorial Pooling for High-Throughput Sequencing" to T.J.C. and S.L.; USDA-CSREES-NRI grant 2006-55606-16722 "Barley Coordinated Agricultural Project: Leveraging Genomics, Genetics, and Breeding for Gene Discovery and Barley Improvement" to G.J.M., R.P.W., T.J.C. and S.L.; the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Plant Genome, Genetics and Breeding Program of USDA-CSREES-NIFA grant 2009-65300-05645 "Advancing the Barley Genome" to T.J.C., S.L. and G.J.M.; BRAIN and NBRP-Japan grants to K.S., Japanese MAFF Grant (TRG1008) to T.M. A full list of acknowledgements is in the Supplementary Information. NR 65 TC 276 Z9 285 U1 14 U2 287 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD NOV 29 PY 2012 VL 491 IS 7426 BP 711 EP + DI 10.1038/nature11543 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 044FY UT WOS:000311606000035 ER PT J AU Chen, F Crow, WT Holmes, TRH AF Chen, Fan Crow, Wade T. Holmes, Thomas R. H. TI Improving long-term, retrospective precipitation datasets using satellite-based surface soil moisture retrievals and the Soil Moisture Analysis Rainfall Tool SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE remotely sensed surface soil moisture; Kalman filter; global precipitation dataset ID NCEP-NCAR REANALYSIS AB Using historical satellite surface soil moisture products, the Soil Moisture Analysis Rainfall Tool (SMART) is applied to improve the submonthly scale accuracy of a multi-decadal global daily rainfall product that has been bias-corrected to match the monthly totals of available rain gauge observations. In order to adapt to the irregular retrieval frequency of heritage soil moisture products, a new variable correction window method is developed that allows for better efficiency in leveraging temporally sparse satellite soil moisture retrievals. Results confirm the advantage of using this variable window method relative to an existing fixed-window version of SMART over a range of one-to 30-day accumulation periods. Using this modified version of SMART and heritage satellite surface soil moisture products, a 1.0-deg, 20-year (1979 to 1998) global rainfall dataset over land is corrected and validated. Relative to the original precipitation product, the corrected dataset demonstrates improved correlation with a global gauge-based daily rainfall product, lower root-mean-square-error (-13%) on a 10-day scale and provides a higher probability of detection (+5%) and lower false alarm rates (-3.4%) for five-day rainfall accumulation estimates. This corrected rainfall dataset is expected to provide improved rainfall forcing data for the land surface modeling community. (c) 2012 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). [DOI: 10.1117/1.JRS.6.063604] C1 [Chen, Fan] ARS, SSAI, USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Crow, Wade T.; Holmes, Thomas R. H.] ARS, USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Chen, F (reprint author), ARS, SSAI, USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM fan.chen@ars.usda.gov RI Holmes, Thomas/F-4512-2010 OI Holmes, Thomas/0000-0002-4651-0079 FU NASA Precipitation Measurement Mission (PMM) program FX This study was supported with funding from the NASA Precipitation Measurement Mission (PMM) program. The USDA is an equal opportunity employer provider and employer. NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 16 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 1931-3195 J9 J APPL REMOTE SENS JI J. Appl. Remote Sens. PD NOV 28 PY 2012 VL 6 AR 063604 DI 10.1117/1.JRS.6.063604 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 094AQ UT WOS:000315235700001 ER PT J AU Davis, PA Vasu, VT Gohil, K Kim, H Khan, IH Cross, CE Yokoyama, W AF Davis, Paul A. Vasu, Vihas T. Gohil, Kishorchandra Kim, Hyunsook Khan, Imran H. Cross, Carroll E. Yokoyama, Wallace TI A high-fat diet containing whole walnuts (Juglans regia) reduces tumour size and growth along with plasma insulin-like growth factor 1 in the transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate model SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE Prostate cancer; Transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate model; Fat; Whole foods; Insulin-like growth factor 1; Chemoprevention ID CANCER PREVENTION TRIAL; FACTOR-I RECEPTOR; SELENIUM-COMPOUNDS; FACTOR AXIS; TRAMP MICE; RISK; PROGRESSION; ACIDS; TUMORIGENESIS; NUTRITION AB Prostate cancer (PCa) has been linked to fat intake, but the effects of both different dietary fat levels and types remain inconsistent and incompletely characterised. The effects on PCa in the transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate (TRAMP) cancer model of an elevated fat (20% of energy as fat) diet containing 155 g of whole walnuts were compared to those of an elevated fat (20% of energy as soyabean oil) diet with matched macronutrients, tocopherols as well as a low-fat (8% of energy as soyabean oil) diet. Mice, starting at 8 weeks of age, consumed one of the three different diets ad libitum; and prostates, livers and blood were obtained after 9, 18 or 24 weeks of feeding. No differences were observed in whole animal growth rates in either high-fat (HF) diet group, but prostate tumour weight and growth rate were reduced in the walnut diet group. Walnut diet group prostate weight, plasma insulin-like growth factor 1, resistin and LDL were lower at 18 weeks, while no statistically significant prostate weight differences by diet were seen at 9 or 24 weeks. Multiple metabolites in the livers differed by diet at 9 and 18 weeks. The walnut diet's beneficial effects probably represent the effects of whole walnuts' multiple constituents and not via a specific fatty acid or tocopherols. Moreover, as the two HF diets had dissimilar effects on prostate tumour growth rate and size, and yet had the same total fat and tocopherol composition and content, this suggests that these are not strongly linked to PCa growth. C1 [Davis, Paul A.; Kim, Hyunsook] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Vasu, Vihas T.; Gohil, Kishorchandra; Cross, Carroll E.] Univ Calif Davis, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Dept Internal Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Khan, Imran H.] Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Comparat Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. USDA, ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Davis, PA (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM padavis@ucdavis.edu FU California Walnut Board; National Center for Research Resources (NCRR), a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) [UL1 RR024146]; NIH Roadmap for Medical Research FX All authors participated in the design of the present study. Diets were produced and animal husbandry supervised by W. Y. Tissue and plasma samples were obtained by P. A. D., K. G., W. Y. and H. K. Plasma analytes were determined by I. H. K. and W. Y. Data analysis was performed by P. A. D., except as noted herein. The initial manuscript draft was written by P. A. D., critically revised by C. E. C., W. Y., H. K., I. H. K., V. T. V. and K. G. The final version was assembled by P. A. D. and all authors read and approved the final manuscript. This study was supported by a research grant to the University of California, Davis from the California Walnut Board. Statistical analysis support was provided by grant number UL1 RR024146 from the National Center for Research Resources (NCRR), a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and NIH Roadmap for Medical Research. The manuscript's contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official view of the NCRR or NIH. The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. NR 62 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 19 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 0007-1145 EI 1475-2662 J9 BRIT J NUTR JI Br. J. Nutr. PD NOV 28 PY 2012 VL 108 IS 10 BP 1764 EP 1772 DI 10.1017/S0007114511007288 PG 9 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 041JZ UT WOS:000311399400006 PM 22244053 ER PT J AU Parelman, MA Storms, DH Kirschke, CP Huang, LP Zunino, SJ AF Parelman, Mardi A. Storms, David H. Kirschke, Catherine P. Huang, Liping Zunino, Susan J. TI Dietary strawberry powder reduces blood glucose concentrations in obese and lean C57BL/6 mice, and selectively lowers plasma C-reactive protein in lean mice SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE Diet-induced obesity; Inflammation; Strawberry powder; Blood glucose ID ENDOTHELIAL ADHESION MOLECULES; TYPE-2 DIABETES-MELLITUS; FRAGARIA-X-ANANASSA; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; METABOLIC SYNDROME; TNF-ALPHA; HIGH-FAT; KAPPA-B; ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY AB The purpose of the present study was to test the anti-inflammatory and blood glucose (BG)-regulating capacity of strawberries in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity. A total of thirty-six male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into four groups (nine mice per group). Mice were fed a low-fat diet (LF, 13% fat), the LF supplemented with 2.6% freeze-dried strawberry powder (LFSB), a high-fat diet (HF, 44% fat) or the HF supplemented with 2.6% strawberry powder (HFSB). Blood samples were collected to measure BG, inflammation and systemic markers for endocrine function of pancreas and adipose tissue. Splenocytes were harvested at the end of the study and activated with either anti-cluster of differentiation (CD) 3/anti-CD28 antibodies or lipopolysaccharide to test immune responsiveness. The HF increased non-fasted BG, insulin, soluble intracellular adhesion molecule-1, E-selectin, leptin, resistin and plasminogen activator protein-1 (P<0.05). High dietary fat decreased IL-4 production from activated splenocytes (P<0.05). BG concentrations were lower in the mice supplemented with SB (10.64 mmol/l) compared to the non-supplemented mice (11.37 mmol/l; P=0.0022). BG values were approximately 6.5% lower in the supplemented mice. Additionally, SB lowered plasma C-reactive protein in the LFSB group compared to the other three groups (P<0.05). The dietary intake of SB approximated one human serving of strawberries. These results, although modest, support a promising role for dietary strawberries in reducing the risks associated with obesity and diabetes, and regulating the levels of inflammatory markers in non-obese individuals. C1 [Storms, David H.; Kirschke, Catherine P.; Huang, Liping; Zunino, Susan J.] USDA, ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Parelman, Mardi A.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Zunino, SJ (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, 430 W Hlth Sci Dr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM susan.zunino@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) [5306-51530-013-00D, 5306-51530-018-00D] FX The present study was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Current Research Information System project nos. 5306-51530-013-00D and 5306-51530-018-00D. S. J. Z. is a member of the scientific advisory board for the California Strawberry Commission. The authors report no conflict of interest. M. A. P. and S. J. Z. designed the research; M. A. P. and D. H. S. conducted the research; C. P. K. and L. H. provided training for the immunohistochemistry and provided comments on the manuscript; M. A. P. analysed the data; M. A. P. and S. J. Z. wrote the paper; M. A. P. and S. J. Z. had primary responsibility for the final content. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. USDA is an equal-opportunity provider and employer. NR 84 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 16 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 0007-1145 EI 1475-2662 J9 BRIT J NUTR JI Br. J. Nutr. PD NOV 28 PY 2012 VL 108 IS 10 BP 1789 EP 1799 DI 10.1017/S0007114512000037 PG 11 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 041JZ UT WOS:000311399400009 PM 22293281 ER PT J AU Yan, XH Gurtler, JB Fratamico, PM Hu, J Juneja, VK AF Yan, Xianghe Gurtler, Joshua B. Fratamico, Pina M. Hu, Jing Juneja, Vijay K. TI Phylogenetic identification of bacterial MazF toxin protein motifs among probiotic strains and foodborne pathogens and potential implications of engineered probiotic intervention in food SO CELL AND BIOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE toxin-antitoxin module; probiotic cocktail; engineered probiotics; foodborne pathogens ID MESSENGER-RNA INTERFERASE; PROGRAMMED CELL-DEATH; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; LACTOBACILLUS-REUTERI; ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS; STABLE MAINTENANCE; ACUTE DIARRHEA; PLASMID RK2 AB Background: Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are commonly found in bacteria and Archaea, and it is the most common mechanism involved in bacterial programmed cell death or apoptosis. Recently, MazF, the toxin component of the toxin-antitoxin module, has been categorized as an endoribonuclease, or it may have a function similar to that of a RNA interference enzyme. Results: In this paper, with comparative data and phylogenetic analyses, we are able to identify several potential MazF-conserved motifs in limited subsets of foodborne pathogens and probiotic strains and further provide a molecular basis for the development of engineered/synthetic probiotic strains for the mitigation of foodborne illnesses. Our findings also show that some probiotic strains, as fit as many bacterial foodborne pathogens, can be genetically categorized into three major groups based on phylogenetic analysis of MazF. In each group, potential functional motifs are conserved in phylogenetically distant species, including foodborne pathogens and probiotic strains. Conclusion: These data provide important knowledge for the identification and computational prediction of functional motifs related to programmed cell death. Potential implications of these findings include the use of engineered probiotic interventions in food or use of a natural probiotic cocktail with specificity for controlling targeted foodborne pathogens. C1 [Yan, Xianghe; Gurtler, Joshua B.; Fratamico, Pina M.; Juneja, Vijay K.] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Hu, Jing] Franklin & Marshall Coll, Dept Math & Comp Sci, Lancaster, PA 17604 USA. RP Yan, XH (reprint author), ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM xianghe.yan@ars.usda.gov RI Hu, Jing/H-6637-2013 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture FX We express our appreciation to Dr. James Smith for his critical review of the manuscript. The mention of trade names or commercial products is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 77 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 11 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 2045-3701 J9 CELL BIOSCI JI Cell Biosci. PD NOV 27 PY 2012 VL 2 AR 39 DI 10.1186/2045-3701-2-39 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 053BO UT WOS:000312244600001 PM 23186337 ER PT J AU Sanford, RA Wagner, DD Wu, QZ Chee-Sanford, JC Thomas, SH Cruz-Garcia, C Rodriguez, G Massol-Deya, A Krishnani, KK Ritalahti, KM Nissen, S Konstantinidis, KT Loffler, FE AF Sanford, Robert A. Wagner, Darlene D. Wu, Qingzhong Chee-Sanford, Joanne C. Thomas, Sara H. Cruz-Garcia, Claribel Rodriguez, Gina Massol-Deya, Arturo Krishnani, Kishore K. Ritalahti, Kirsti M. Nissen, Silke Konstantinidis, Konstantinos T. Loeffler, Frank E. TI Unexpected nondenitrifier nitrous oxide reductase gene diversity and abundance in soils SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE nitrogen cycle; climate change ID WOLINELLA-SUCCINOGENES; NOSZ GENES; DENITRIFYING BACTERIA; PSEUDOMONAS-STUTZERI; N2O EMISSIONS; PCR PRIMERS; DENITRIFICATION; NITRATE; OZONE; MICROORGANISMS AB Agricultural and industrial practices more than doubled the intrinsic rate of terrestrial N fixation over the past century with drastic consequences, including increased atmospheric nitrous oxide (N2O) concentrations. N2O is a potent greenhouse gas and contributor to ozone layer destruction, and its release from fixed N is almost entirely controlled by microbial activities. Mitigation of N2O emissions to the atmosphere has been attributed exclusively to denitrifiers possessing NosZ, the enzyme system catalyzing N2O to N-2 reduction. We demonstrate that diverse microbial taxa possess divergent nos clusters with genes that are related yet evolutionarily distinct from the typical nos genes of denitirifers. nos clusters with atypical nosZ occur in Bacteria and Archaea that denitrify (44% of genomes), do not possess other denitrification genes (56%), or perform dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium(DNRA; (31%). Experiments with the DNRA soil bacterium Anaeromyxobacter dehalogenans demonstrated that the atypical NosZ is an effective N2O reductase, and PCR-based surveys suggested that atypical nosZ are abundant in terrestrial environments. Bioinformatic analyses revealed that atypical nos clusters possess distinctive regulatory and functional components (e. g., Sec vs. Tat secretion pathway in typical nos), and that previous nosZ-targeted PCR primers do not capture the atypical nosZ diversity. Collectively, our results suggest that nondenitrifying populations with a broad range of metabolisms and habitats are potentially significant contributors to N2O consumption. Apparently, a large, previously unrecognized group of environmental nosZ has not been accounted for, and characterizing their contributions to N2O consumption will advance understanding of the ecological controls on N2O emissions and lead to refined greenhouse gas flux models. C1 [Ritalahti, Kirsti M.; Nissen, Silke; Loeffler, Frank E.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Microbiol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Sanford, Robert A.] Univ Illinois, Dept Geol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Wagner, Darlene D.; Konstantinidis, Konstantinos T.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Biol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Wu, Qingzhong; Thomas, Sara H.; Cruz-Garcia, Claribel; Rodriguez, Gina; Konstantinidis, Konstantinos T.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Chee-Sanford, Joanne C.] ARS, USDA, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Rodriguez, Gina; Massol-Deya, Arturo] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Biol, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA. [Krishnani, Kishore K.] Indian Council Agr Res, Natl Inst Abiot Stress Management, Pune 413115, Maharashtra, India. [Ritalahti, Kirsti M.; Nissen, Silke; Loeffler, Frank E.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Loeffler, Frank E.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Loffler, FE (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Microbiol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM frank.loeffler@utk.edu RI Loeffler, Frank/M-8216-2013 FU US Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-SC0006662] FX This research was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Genomic Science Program, Award DE-SC0006662. NR 58 TC 97 Z9 98 U1 24 U2 261 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD NOV 27 PY 2012 VL 109 IS 48 BP 19709 EP 19714 DI 10.1073/pnas.1211238109 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 053ZN UT WOS:000312313900046 PM 23150571 ER PT J AU Opit, GP Arthur, FH Throne, JE Paytond, ME AF Opit, George P. Arthur, Frank H. Throne, James E. Paytond, Mark E. TI Susceptibility of stored-product psocids to aerosol insecticides SO JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE esfenvalerate; methoprene; Psocoptera ID LIPOSCELIS-BOSTRYCHOPHILA PSOCOPTERA; LEPINOTUS-RETICULATUS; PLODIA-INTERPUNCTELLA; GRAIN PROTECTANTS; POPULATION-GROWTH; DECOLOR PEARMAN; 5TH INSTARS; STEEL BINS; EFFICACY; ENTOMOPHILA AB The efficacies of commercial methoprene and esfenvalerate aerosols for control of stored-product psocid pests were evaluated in simulated field studies. The efficacies of methoprene, esfenvalerate EC, the carrier Isopar-M (TM), and a combination of methoprene and esfenvalerate aerosols for control of Liposcelis decolor (Pearman) (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae) and Liposcelis entomophila (Enderlein) nymphs were assessed, and the effects of direct and indirect exposure of Liposcelis bostrychophila Badonnel, L. decolor, and Liposcelis paeta Pearman adults to esfenvalerate EC aerosol were evaluated. The greatest nymphal mortality attained was 76%, indicating that the four aerosols tested were ineffective against L. decolor and L. entomophila nymphs. In the direct and indirect exposure studies, the greatest adult mortalities attained for the three psocid species were 62 and 32%, respectively. Based on these data, esfenvalerate aerosol is ineffective for control of L. bostrychophila, L. decolor, L. entomophila, and L. paeta psocid species. This study shows that methoprene, esfenvalerate EC, and a combination of methoprene and esfenvalerate aerosols were ineffective against the four psocid species tested when applied at rates that are usually effective against other stored-product insect pests. C1 [Opit, George P.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Noble Res Ctr 127, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Opit, George P.; Arthur, Frank H.; Throne, James E.] USDA ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Paytond, Mark E.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Stat, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. RP Opit, GP (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Noble Res Ctr 127, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM george.opit@okstate.edu; frank.arthur@ars.usda.gov; james.throne@ars.usda.gov; mark.payton@okstate.edu NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU UNIV ARIZONA PI TUCSON PA LIBRARY C327, TUCSON, AZ 85721 USA SN 1536-2442 J9 J INSECT SCI JI J Insect Sci. PD NOV 27 PY 2012 VL 12 AR 139 PG 14 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 048RJ UT WOS:000311929900001 ER PT J AU Brent, CS AF Brent, Colin S. TI Classification of diapause status by color phenotype in Lygus hesperus SO JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE overwintering; polyphenism; western tarnished plant bug ID KNIGHT HEMIPTERA-MIRIDAE; NEZARA-VIRIDULA; STINK BUG; TEMPERATURE; INDUCTION; DIET; CATERPILLAR; PHOTOPERIOD; LEPIDOPTERA; PENTATOMIDAE AB Recent studies on adult diapause in the western tarnished plant bug, Lygus hesperus Knight (Heteroptera: Miridae), have highlighted the need to identify a reliable external marker for the internal changes that differentiate a normal animal from one that is overwintering. To test the efficacy of a color based discrimination system, L. hesperus of both genders were reared from eggs through day 10 of adulthood under a 10 hour photophase at a constant temperature. They were separated into three color groups (yellow, pale green, dark green), then dissected for diapause categorization based on internal development. Most yellow individuals were in diapause, dark green individuals were not, and pale green ones were mixed. A group of 25 assessors, naive with regard to L. hesperus development, were then asked to use a simplified color criteria (yellow = diapause, green = non-diapause) to estimate the status of a mixture of diapausing and non-diapausing adults of both genders aged two to seven days post-eclosion. After dissection to verify diapause status, assessor accuracy was found to be ineffective for assessing adults of both sexes younger than four days because color differences, which increased with age, were subtle or non-existent at this stage. For four to seven-day-old bugs, 84% of females and 67% of males were correctly categorized, on average. Incorrect assessments in all but the youngest males over-identified diapause, but for females there was no trend in mis-categorizations. Overall, the results indicate that diapause status can be adequately discriminated by color assessment, and with greatest accuracy when sampling older females. However, factors other than photoperiod appear to also influence coloration. C1 ARS, USDA, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. RP Brent, CS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, 21881 N Cardon Lane, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. EM colin.brent@ars.usda.gov NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU UNIV ARIZONA PI TUCSON PA LIBRARY C327, TUCSON, AZ 85721 USA SN 1536-2442 J9 J INSECT SCI JI J Insect Sci. PD NOV 26 PY 2012 VL 12 AR 136 PG 14 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 042RJ UT WOS:000311488400001 PM 23452041 ER PT J AU Fuglie, K Heisey, P King, J Pray, CE Schimmelpfennig, D AF Fuglie, Keith Heisey, Paul King, John Pray, Carl E. Schimmelpfennig, David TI The Contribution of Private Industry to Agricultural Innovation SO SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material ID PRODUCTIVITY; WILL C1 [Fuglie, Keith; Heisey, Paul; Schimmelpfennig, David] Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20472 USA. [King, John] USDA, Off Chief Scientist, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Pray, Carl E.] Rutgers State Univ, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. RP Schimmelpfennig, D (reprint author), Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20472 USA. EM des@ers.usda.gov OI King, John/0000-0003-4947-0241 NR 20 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 30 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD NOV 23 PY 2012 VL 338 IS 6110 BP 1031 EP 1032 DI 10.1126/science.1226294 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 041HJ UT WOS:000311390600026 PM 23180847 ER PT J AU Li, RW Choudhary, RK Capuco, AV Urban, JF AF Li, Robert W. Choudhary, Ratan K. Capuco, Anthony V. Urban, Joseph F., Jr. TI Exploring the host transcriptome for mechanisms underlying protective immunity and resistance to nematode infections in ruminants SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Ruminant; Nematode; Resistance; Parasite; Pathways; Transcriptome ID HAEMONCHUS-CONTORTUS INFECTION; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; ALTERNATIVELY ACTIVATED MACROPHAGES; OSTERTAGIA-OSTERTAGI INFECTION; GASTROINTESTINAL NEMATODES; GENE-EXPRESSION; GENETICALLY RESISTANT; TRICHURIS-MURIS; MILK-PRODUCTION; TRICHOSTRONGYLUS-COLUBRIFORMIS AB Nematode infections in ruminants are a major impediment to the profitable production of meat and dairy products, especially for small farms. Gastrointestinal parasitism not only negatively impacts weight gain and milk yield, but is also a major cause of mortality in small ruminants. The current parasite control strategy involves heavy use of anthelmintics that has resulted in the emergence of drug-resistant parasite strains. This, in addition to increasing consumer demand for animal products that are free of drug residues has stimulated development of alternative strategies, including selective breeding of parasite resistant ruminants. The development of protective immunity and manifestations of resistance to nematode infections relies upon the precise expression of the host genome that is often confounded by mechanisms simultaneously required to control multiple nematode species as well as ecto- and protozoan parasites, and microbial and viral pathogens. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying these processes represents a key step toward development of effective new parasite control strategies. Recent progress in characterizing the transcriptome of both hosts and parasites, utilizing high-throughput microarrays and RNA-seq technology, has led to the recognition of unique interactions and the identification of genes and biological pathways involved in the response to parasitism. Innovative use of the knowledge gained by these technologies should provide a basis for enhancing innate immunity while limiting the polarization of acquired immunity can negatively affect optimal responses to co-infection. Strategies for parasite control that use diet and vaccine/adjuvant combination could be evaluated by monitoring the host transcriptome for induction of appropriate mechanisms for imparting parasite resistance. Knowledge of different mechanisms of host immunity and the critical regulation of parasite development, physiology, and virulence can also selectively identify targets for parasite control. Comparative transcriptome analysis, in concert with genome-wide association (GWS) studies to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) affecting host resistance, represents a promising molecular technology to evaluate integrated control strategies that involve breed and environmental factors that contribute to parasite resistance and improved performance. Tailoring these factors to control parasitism without severely affecting production qualities, management efficiencies, and responses to pathogenic co-infection will remain a challenge. This review summarizes recent progress and limitations of understanding regulatory genetic networks and biological pathways that affect host resistance and susceptibility to nematode infection in ruminants. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Li, Robert W.] USDA ARS, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Urban, Joseph F., Jr.] USDA ARS, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Li, RW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM robert.li@ars.usda.gov OI Urban, Joseph/0000-0002-1590-8869 NR 120 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 46 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD NOV 23 PY 2012 VL 190 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 11 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.06.021 PG 11 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 028JN UT WOS:000310418700001 PM 22819588 ER PT J AU Gutierrez-Exposito, D Ortega-Mora, LM Gajadhar, AA Garcia-Lunar, P Dubey, JP Alvarez-Garcia, G AF Gutierrez-Exposito, Daniel Miguel Ortega-Mora, Luis Gajadhar, Alvin A. Garcia-Lunar, Paula Dubey, Jitender P. Alvarez-Garcia, Gema TI Serological evidence of Besnoitia spp. infection in Canadian wild ruminants and strong cross-reaction between Besnoitia besnoiti and Besnoitia tarandi SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Besnoitia besnoiti; Besnoitia tarandi; Cattle; Caribou; Indirect immnofluorescent antibody test; Western blot ID REINDEER RANGIFER-TARANDUS; IN-VITRO ISOLATION; NEOSPORA-CANINUM; BOVINE BESNOITIOSIS; TOXOPLASMA-GONDII; TISSUE CYSTS; CATTLE; ANTIBODIES; PROTOZOA; ULTRASTRUCTURE AB Bovine besnoitiosis, caused by Besnoitia besnoiti, is considered to be emergent in Europe and responsible for severe economic losses due to the chronic and debilitating course of the disease but has not been reported in North America. Besnoitia tarandi is a related species and it has been reported in reindeer and caribou from different locations of the Arctic Pole, including North America. Diagnosis of clinical besnoitiosis is largely based on the recognition of dermal grossly visible tissue cysts of Besnoitia. Nothing is known of cross reactivity between B. besnoiti and B. tarandi species. Here, we evaluated the use of serological tests employed in the diagnosis of bovine besnoitiosis for the detection of Besnoitia spp. infections in different wild ruminant species (caribou, elk, mule-deer, white-tailed deer, moose, muskox and bison) from Canada and investigated cross-reactivity between B. besnoiti and B. tarandi species by indirect immunofluorescence antibody test and Western blot. For this, species-specific antibodies were obtained in rabbits experimentally infected with B. besnoiti and B. tarandi. Marked cross reactivity was found between B. besnoiti and B. tarandi. For the first time, antibodies to Besnoitia spp. infection were found in 16 of 20 caribou (Ranginfer tarandus), seven of 18 muskox (Ovibos moschatus), one of three bison (Bison bison), but not in 20 elk (Cervus canadensis), 20 white tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), and 20 moose (Alces alces) in Canada; results were similar using B. besnoiti and B. tarandi as antigen. There was no cross reactivity between the two Besnoitia species, Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii with the cut-offs applied that prevented to observe it. The present study provides evidence that the serological assays can be useful to accomplish large scale prevalence studies in caribou and other wildlife species. Further studies are needed to study sylvatic and domestic cycle of B tarandi and B. besnoiti. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Gutierrez-Exposito, Daniel; Miguel Ortega-Mora, Luis; Garcia-Lunar, Paula; Alvarez-Garcia, Gema] Univ Complutense Madrid, Fac Vet Sci, Dept Anim Hlth, SALUVET, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Gajadhar, Alvin A.] Canadian Food Inspect Agcy, Ctr Food Borne & Anim Parasitol, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2R3, Canada. [Dubey, Jitender P.] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Alvarez-Garcia, G (reprint author), Univ Complutense Madrid, Fac Vet Sci, Dept Anim Hlth, SALUVET, Ciudad Univ S-N, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. EM gemaga@vet.ucm.es RI ALVAREZ-GARCIA, GEMA/E-3577-2016; Ortega-Mora, Luis-Miguel/F-1470-2016 OI ALVAREZ-GARCIA, GEMA/0000-0002-6627-7577; Ortega-Mora, Luis-Miguel/0000-0002-4986-6783 FU Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [AGL 2010-20561]; Ministry of Science and Innovation [BES-2011-043753] FX This work was supported by a research project from Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (AGL 2010-20561). Daniel Gutierrez Exposit has been financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Innovation (Grant No. BES-2011-043753). We thank wildlife Canadian veterinarians and Javier Zabala and Mikel Serrano for kindly providing sera from wild ruminants and cattle and Jane Benjamin and other staff at the CFIA's Centre for Food-borne and Animal Parasitology for maintaining and retrieving wildlife serum samples. We wish to acknowledge Vanessa Navarro and Carmen Cuevas for their excellent technical assistance. NR 62 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD NOV 23 PY 2012 VL 190 IS 1-2 BP 19 EP 28 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.06.017 PG 10 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 028JN UT WOS:000310418700003 PM 22795672 ER PT J AU Shock, BC Birkenheuer, AJ Patton, LL Olfenbuttel, C Beringer, J Groves, DM Peek, M Butfiloski, JW Hughes, DW Lockhart, JM Cunningham, MW Brown, HM Peterson, DS Yabsley, MJ AF Shock, Barbara C. Birkenheuer, Adam J. Patton, Laura L. Olfenbuttel, Colleen Beringer, Jeff Groves, Daniel M. Peek, Matt Butfiloski, Joseph W. Hughes, Daymond W. Lockhart, J. Mitchell Cunningham, Mark W. Brown, Holly M. Peterson, David S. Yabsley, Michael J. TI Variation in the ITS-1 and ITS-2 rRNA genomic regions of Cytauxzoon felis from bobcats and pumas in the eastern United States and comparison with sequences from domestic cats SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bobcat; Cytauxzoon; rRNA; Internal transcribed spacer unit; Genetic variability; Florida puma ID INTRAERYTHROCYTIC SMALL PIROPLASM; FATAL CYTAUXZOONOSIS; LYNX-RUFUS; GENETIC-VARIABILITY; BABESIA-GIBSONI; TRANSMISSION; INFECTION; PARASITES; FLORIDA; GEORGIA AB Cytauxzoon felis, a tick-borne protozoan parasite, is the causative agent of cytauxzoonosis in domestic cats in the United States. The natural reservoir for this parasite is the bobcat (Lynx rufus), which typically does not develop clinical signs. Although not likely important reservoirs, C. fells has also been detected in pumas (Puma concolor) in Florida and Louisiana. Recent studies suggest that specific genotypes of C. felis that circulate in domestic cats may be associated with variable clinical outcomes and specific spatial locations. In the current study, we investigated the intraspecific variation of the C. fells internal transcribed spacer (ITS)-1 and ITS-2 rRNA regions from 145 wild felids (139 bobcats and six pumas) from 11 states (Florida, Georgia, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Missouri, North Carolina, North Dakota, South Carolina, Oklahoma, and Pennsylvania). Unambiguous ITS-1 and ITS-2 data were obtained for 144 and 112 samples, respectively, and both ITS-1 and ITS-2 sequences were obtained for 111 (77%) samples. For the ITS-1 region, sequences from 65 samples collected from wild felids were identical to those previously reported in domestic cats, while the other 79 sequences were unique. C felis from 45 bobcats and one puma had ITS-1 sequences identical to the most common sequence reported from domestic cats. Within the ITS-2 region, sequences from 49 bobcats were identical to those previously reported in domestic cats and 63 sequences were unique (with some occurring in more than one bobcat). The most common ITS-2 sequence from domestic cats was also common in wild felids (31 bobcats and a puma). Samples from three pumas from Florida and two bobcats from Missouri had a 40- or 41-bp insert in the ITS-2 similar to one described previously in a domestic cat from Arkansas. Additionally, a previously undescribed 198- or 199-bp insert was detected in the ITS-2 sequence from four bobcats. Collectively, based on combined ITS-1 and ITS-2 sequences, five different genotypes were detected in the wild felids. Genotype ITSa was the most common genotype (11 bobcats and one puma) and fewer numbers of ITSb, ITSe, ITSg, and ITSi were detected in bobcats. These data indicate that, based on ITS-1 and ITS-2 sequences, numerous C. felis strains may circulate in wild felids. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Shock, Barbara C.; Yabsley, Michael J.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, SE Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Shock, Barbara C.; Yabsley, Michael J.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Birkenheuer, Adam J.] NC State Coll Vet Med, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Patton, Laura L.] Kentucky Dept Fish & Wildlife Resources, Frankfort, KY 40601 USA. [Olfenbuttel, Colleen] N Carolina Wildlife Resources Commiss, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Beringer, Jeff] Missouri Dept Conservat, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. [Groves, Daniel M.] N Dakota Game & Fish Dept, Bismarck, ND 58501 USA. [Peek, Matt] Kansas Dept Wildlife & Pk, Pratt, KS 67124 USA. [Butfiloski, Joseph W.] S Carolina Dept Nat Resources, Columbia, SC 29201 USA. [Hughes, Daymond W.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Albany, GA 31701 USA. [Lockhart, J. Mitchell] Valdosta State Univ, Dept Biol, Valdosta, GA 31698 USA. [Cunningham, Mark W.] Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, Gainesville, FL 32601 USA. [Brown, Holly M.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Pathol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Peterson, David S.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Infect Dis, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Shock, BC (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, SE Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, 589 DW Brooks Dr,Wildlife Hlth Bldg, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM bshock@uga.edu FU Morris Animal Foundation [DO8FE-003]; University of Georgia; Federal Aid to Wildlife Restoration Act; SCWDS sponsorship from fish and wildlife agency in Alabama; SCWDS sponsorship from fish and wildlife agency in Arkansas; SCWDS sponsorship from fish and wildlife agency in Florida; SCWDS sponsorship from fish and wildlife agency in Georgia; SCWDS sponsorship from fish and wildlife agency in Kansas; SCWDS sponsorship from fish and wildlife agency in Kentucky; SCWDS sponsorship from fish and wildlife agency in Louisiana; SCWDS sponsorship from fish and wildlife agency in Maryland; SCWDS sponsorship from fish and wildlife agency in Mississippi; SCWDS sponsorship from fish and wildlife agency in Missouri; SCWDS sponsorship from fish and wildlife agency in North Carolina; SCWDS sponsorship from fish and wildlife agency in Oklahoma; SCWDS sponsorship from fish and wildlife agency in Puerto Rico; SCWDS sponsorship from fish and wildlife agency in South Carolina; SCWDS sponsorship from fish and wildlife agency in Tennessee; SCWDS sponsorship from fish and wildlife agency in Virginia; SCWDS sponsorship from fish and wildlife agency in West Virginia FX The authors thank numerous personnel from state agencies who collected fetid samples. This study was primarily funded by the Morris Animal Foundation (DO8FE-003). BCS was supported by an assistantship from the University of Georgia. Additional support was provided by the Federal Aid to Wildlife Restoration Act (50 Stat. 917) and through SCWDS sponsorship from fish and wildlife agencies in Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Puerto Rico, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, and West Virginia. NR 41 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD NOV 23 PY 2012 VL 190 IS 1-2 BP 29 EP 35 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.06.010 PG 7 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 028JN UT WOS:000310418700004 PM 22776107 ER PT J AU Bates, GW Rosenthal, DM Sun, JD Chattopadhyay, M Peffer, E Yang, J Ort, DR Jones, AM AF Bates, George W. Rosenthal, David M. Sun, Jindong Chattopadhyay, Maitreyi Peffer, Emily Yang, Jing Ort, Donald R. Jones, Alan M. TI A Comparative Study of the Arabidopsis thaliana Guard-Cell Transcriptome and Its Modulation by Sucrose SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID STOMATAL MOVEMENTS; GENE-EXPRESSION; ABSCISIC-ACID; STARCH BIOSYNTHESIS; SUGAR; LIGHT; PROTEIN; CHANNEL; MUTANTS; IDENTIFICATION AB Microarray analysis was performed on RNA isolated from guard cells that were manually dissected from leaves of Arabidopsis. By pooling our data with those of two earlier studies on Arabidopsis guard cell protoplasts, we provide a robust view of the guard-cell transcriptome, which is rich in transcripts for transcription factors, signaling proteins, transporters, and carbohydrate-modifying enzymes. To test the hypothesis that photosynthesis-derived sugar signals guard cells to adjust stomatal opening, we determined the profile of genes expressed in guard cells from leaves that had been treated with sucrose. The results revealed that expression of 440 genes changed in guard cells in response to sucrose. Consistent with this hypothesis, these genes encoded cellular functions for photosynthesis and transport of sugars, water, amino acids, and ions. Plants of T-DNA insertion lines for 50 genes highly responsive to sucrose were examined for defects in guard cell function. Twelve genes not previously known to function in guard cells were shown to be important in leaf conductance, water-use efficiency, and/or stomate development. Of these, three are of particular interest, having shown effects in nearly every test of stomatal function without a change in stomatal density: TPS5 (At4g17770), a TRAF domain-containing protein (At1g65370), and a WD repeat-containing protein (At1g15440). C1 [Bates, George W.; Chattopadhyay, Maitreyi; Peffer, Emily] Florida State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Rosenthal, David M.; Sun, Jindong; Ort, Donald R.] Univ Illinois, Global Change & Photosynth Res Unit, ARS, USDA,Inst Genom Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Sun, Jindong] Pioneer HiBred Int Inc, Johnston, IA USA. [Chattopadhyay, Maitreyi] Univ Maryland, Dept Cell Biol & Mol Genet, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Peffer, Emily] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Yang, Jing] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Jones, Alan M.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Pharmacol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Bates, GW (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, B-157, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. EM bates@bio.fsu.edu RI Rosenthal, David/C-9559-2012 OI Rosenthal, David/0000-0002-4822-5861 FU National Institutes of General Medical Sciences [R01GM065989]; National Science Foundation [MCB-0723515, MCB-0718202]; Florida State University Cornerstone Award; Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-05er15671] FX This work was supported by grants from the National Institutes of General Medical Sciences (R01GM065989) and National Science Foundation (MCB-0723515 and MCB-0718202) to AMJ and by a Florida State University Cornerstone Award to GWB. The authors also thank the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy through Grant DE-FG02-05er15671 (to AMJ) for funding the photosynthesis and stomatal conductance assays. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 62 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 45 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 21 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 11 AR e49641 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0049641 PG 20 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 047ER UT WOS:000311821000074 PM 23185391 ER PT J AU Jasrapuria, S Specht, CA Kramer, KJ Beeman, RW Muthukrishnan, S AF Jasrapuria, Sinu Specht, Charles A. Kramer, Karl J. Beeman, Richard W. Muthukrishnan, Subbaratnam TI Gene Families of Cuticular Proteins Analogous to Peritrophins (CPAPs) in Tribolium castaneum Have Diverse Functions SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID RED FLOUR BEETLE; CHITIN-SYNTHASE; EXOSKELETON; DROSOPHILA; MIDGUT; MATRIX; SECRETION; CDNAS AB The functional characterization of an entire class of 17 genes from the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, which encode two families of Cuticular Proteins Analogous to Peritrophins (CPAPs) has been carried out. CPAP genes in T. castaneum are expressed exclusively in cuticle-forming tissues and have been classified into two families, CPAP1 and CPAP3, based on whether the proteins contain either one (CPAP1), or three copies (CPAP3) of the chitin-binding domain, ChtBD2, with its six characteristically spaced cysteine residues. Individual members of the TcCPAP1 and TcCPAP3 gene families have distinct developmental patterns of expression. Many of these proteins serve essential and non-redundant functions in maintaining the structural integrity of the cuticle in different parts of the insect anatomy. Three genes of the TcCPAP1 family and five genes of the TcCPAP3 family are essential for insect development, molting, cuticle integrity, proper locomotion or fecundity. RNA interference (RNAi) targeting TcCPAP1-C, TcCPAP1-H, TcCPAP1-J or TcCPAP3-C transcripts resulted in death at the pharate adult stage of development. RNAi for TcCPAP3-A1, TcCPAP3-B, TcCPAP3-D1 or TcCPAP3-D2 genes resulted in different developmental defects, including adult/embryonic mortality, abnormal elytra or hindwings, or an abnormal 'stiff-jointed' gait. These results provide experimental support for specialization in the functions of CPAP proteins in T. castaneum and a biological rationale for the conservation of CPAP orthologs in other orders of insects. This is the first comprehensive functional analysis of an entire class of cuticular proteins with one or more ChtBD2 domains in any insect species. C1 [Jasrapuria, Sinu; Kramer, Karl J.; Muthukrishnan, Subbaratnam] Kansas State Univ, Dept Biochem, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Specht, Charles A.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Med, Worcester, MA 01605 USA. ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS USA. RP Muthukrishnan, S (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Biochem, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM smk@ksu.edu FU [NSF-IOS-102227] FX Funding was provided by NSF-IOS-102227. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 24 TC 12 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 24 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 21 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 11 AR e49844 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0049844 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 047ER UT WOS:000311821000122 PM 23185457 ER PT J AU Cooper, B AF Cooper, Bret TI The Problem with Peptide Presumption and the Downfall of Target-Decoy False Discovery Rates SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PROTEIN IDENTIFICATIONS; DATABASE SEARCH; STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE; MODEL; PROTEOMICS; PROBABILITIES; ACCURACY; STRATEGY; SPECTRA AB In proteomics, peptide-tandem mass spectrum match scores and target-decoy database derived false discovery rates (FDR) are confidence indicators describing the quality of individual and sets of tandem mass spectrum matches. A user can impose a standard by prescribing a limit to these values, equivalent to drawing a line that separates better from poorer quality matches. As a result of setting narrower parent ion mass tolerances to reflect the better resolution of modern mass spectrometers, target-decoy derived FDRs can diminish. FDRs lowered this way consequently drive down the lower-limit for peptide-spectrum match score acceptance. Hence, data quality confidence appears to improve even while fragmentation evidence for some spectra remains weak. One negative outcome can be the presumed identification of peptides that do not exist. The options researchers have to improve proteomics data confidence are not panaceas, and there may be no satisfying solution as long as peptides are identified from a circumscribed list of proteins scientists wish to find. C1 [Cooper, Bret] USDA ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Cooper, B (reprint author), 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 006,Rm 213, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM bret.cooper@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD NOV 20 PY 2012 VL 84 IS 22 BP 9663 EP 9667 DI 10.1021/ac303051s PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 055RP UT WOS:000312434800002 PM 23106481 ER PT J AU Ju, CL Yoon, GM Shemansky, JM Lin, DY Ying, ZI Chang, JH Garrett, WM Kessenbrock, M Groth, G Tucker, ML Cooper, B Kieber, JJ Chang, C AF Ju, Chuanli Yoon, Gyeong Mee Shemansky, Jennifer Marie Lin, David Y. Ying, Z. Irene Chang, Jianhong Garrett, Wesley M. Kessenbrock, Mareike Groth, Georg Tucker, Mark L. Cooper, Bret Kieber, Joseph J. Chang, Caren TI CTR1 phosphorylates the central regulator EIN2 to control ethylene hormone signaling from the ER membrane to the nucleus in Arabidopsis SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE mass spectrometry; serine ID RAF-LIKE KINASE; PROTEIN-KINASE; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; MASS-SPECTROMETER; RESPONSE PATHWAY; THALIANA; ETR1; RECEPTOR; PLANTS; COLOCALIZATION AB The gaseous phytohormone ethylene C2H4 mediates numerous aspects of growth and development. Genetic analysis has identified a number of critical elements in ethylene signaling, but how these elements interact biochemically to transduce the signal from the ethylene receptor complex at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane to transcription factors in the nucleus is unknown. To close this gap in our understanding of the ethylene signaling pathway, the challenge has been to identify the target of the CONSTITUTIVE TRIPLE RESPONSE1 (CTR1) Raf-like protein kinase, as well as the molecular events surrounding ETHYLENE-INSENSITIVE2 (EIN2), an ER membrane-localized Nramp homolog that positively regulates ethylene responses. Here we demonstrate that CTR1 interacts with and directly phosphorylates the cytosolic C-terminal domain of EIN2. Mutations that block the EIN2 phosphorylation sites result in constitutive nuclear localization of the EIN2 C terminus, concomitant with constitutive activation of ethylene responses in Arabidopsis. Our results suggest that phosphorylation of EIN2 by CTR1 prevents EIN2 from signaling in the absence of ethylene, whereas inhibition of CTR1 upon ethylene perception is a signal for cleavage and nuclear localization of the EIN2 C terminus, allowing the ethylene signal to reach the downstream transcription factors. These findings significantly advance our understanding of the mechanisms underlying ethylene signal transduction. C1 [Yoon, Gyeong Mee; Kieber, Joseph J.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Ju, Chuanli; Shemansky, Jennifer Marie; Lin, David Y.; Ying, Z. Irene; Chang, Jianhong; Chang, Caren] Univ Maryland, Dept Cell Biol & Mol Genet, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Garrett, Wesley M.] ARS, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Kessenbrock, Mareike; Groth, Georg] Univ Dusseldorf, Inst Biochem Pflanzenphysiol, D-40225 Dusseldorf, Germany. [Tucker, Mark L.; Cooper, Bret] ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Kieber, JJ (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol, CB 3280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM jkieber@unc.edu; carenc@umd.edu FU National Science Foundation [MCB-0923796, MCB-1021704]; University of Maryland and the Agricultural Research Service of the US Department of Agriculture; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Maryland Agricultural Experiment Station FX We thank Jason Shockey and Chris McClellan for yeast two-hybrid constructs; Mandy Kendrick for the CTR1 cDNA in pDONR221; Ruiqiang Chen for primer design; Klaus Harter for BiFC vectors; Amy Beaven for microscopy assistance; Heven Sze for the anti-ECA1 antibody; and Plant Bioscience Limited for Agrobacterium strain C58C1 (pCH32) and p19 plasmid. This work was supported by National Science Foundation Grants MCB-0923796 (to C. C.) and MCB-1021704 (to J.K.); a Specific Cooperative Agreement between the University of Maryland and the Agricultural Research Service of the US Department of Agriculture; the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (G. G.); and the Maryland Agricultural Experiment Station (C.C.). NR 42 TC 140 Z9 155 U1 5 U2 83 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD NOV 20 PY 2012 VL 109 IS 47 BP 19486 EP 19491 DI 10.1073/pnas.1214848109 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 049PZ UT WOS:000311997200091 PM 23132950 ER PT J AU Jimenez, KL Starr, G Staudhammer, CL Schedlbauer, JL Loescher, HW Malone, SL Oberbauer, SF AF Jimenez, K. L. Starr, G. Staudhammer, C. L. Schedlbauer, J. L. Loescher, H. W. Malone, S. L. Oberbauer, S. F. TI Carbon dioxide exchange rates from short- and long-hydroperiod Everglades freshwater marsh SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID ECOSYSTEM CO2 EXCHANGE; EDDY COVARIANCE; ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROLS; FLORIDA EVERGLADES; FLUX MEASUREMENTS; SOUTHERN EVERGLADES; BOREAL FEN; NET; WETLANDS; RESPONSES AB Everglades freshwater marshes were once carbon sinks, but human-driven hydrologic changes have led to uncertainty about the current state of their carbon dynamics. To investigate the effect of hydrology on CO2 exchange, we used eddy covariance measurements for 2 years (2008-2009) in marl (short-hydroperiod) and peat (long-hydroperiod) wetlands in Everglades National Park. The importance of site, season, and environmental drivers was evaluated using linear and nonlinear modeling, and a novel method was used to test for temporally lagged patterns in the data. Unexpectedly, the long-hydroperiod peat marsh was a small CO2 source (19.9 g C m(-2) from July to December 2008 and 80.0 g C m(-2) in 2009), and at no time over the study period was it a strong sink. Contrary to previous research suggesting high productivity rates from a short-hydroperiod marsh, we estimated that the marl site was a small CO2 sink in 2008 (net ecosystem exchange [NEE] = -78.8 g C m(-2)) and was near neutral for carbon balance in 2009. In addition, both sites had relatively low gross ecosystem exchange (GEE) over the 2 years of this study. The two sites showed similar responses for NEE versus air temperature, ecosystem respiration (R-eco) versus air temperature, and R-eco versus water depth, although the magnitude of the responses differed. We saw small lags (30 min in most cases) between carbon fluxes and environmental drivers. This study is foundational for understanding the carbon balance of these ecosystems prior to implementation of the planned Everglades restoration of historical water flow that will likely alter the future trajectory of the carbon dynamics of the Everglades as a whole. C1 [Jimenez, K. L.; Starr, G.; Staudhammer, C. L.; Malone, S. L.] Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Schedlbauer, J. L.; Oberbauer, S. F.] Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Schedlbauer, J. L.] W Chester Univ, Dept Biol, W Chester, PA 19380 USA. [Loescher, H. W.] Natl Ecol Observ Network Inc, Boulder, CO USA. [Loescher, H. W.] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Malone, S. L.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Oberbauer, S. F.] Fairchild Trop Bot Garden, Miami, FL USA. RP Starr, G (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. EM gstarr@ua.edu FU Department of Energy's (DOE) National Institute for Climate Change Research (NICCR) [07-SC-NICCR-1059]; National Science Foundation through the Florida Coastal Everglades Long-term Ecological Research program [DBI-0620409, DEB-9910514]; NSF [DBI-0752017] FX The research was funded by the Department of Energy's (DOE) National Institute for Climate Change Research (NICCR) through grant 07-SC-NICCR-1059. In addition, some of the data used within the manuscript were collected by support (airboat and helicopter access) of the National Science Foundation through the Florida Coastal Everglades Long-term Ecological Research program under Cooperative Agreements DBI-0620409 and DEB-9910514. Loescher's efforts were supported by NSF DBI-0752017. Research was conducted under permits EVER-2007-SCI-0065 to the FCE-LTER and EVER-2008-SCI-0015, EVER-2009-SCI-0013, and EVER-2010-SCI-0021 to SFO from Everglades National Park. We would also like to thank P. Olivas, B. Wilson, and E. Ortiz for their help in data collection and processing. NR 98 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 4 U2 53 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO JI J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci. PD NOV 20 PY 2012 VL 117 AR G04009 DI 10.1029/2012JG002117 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 043RH UT WOS:000311563700001 ER PT J AU Vazquez-Fernandez, E Alonso, J Pastrana, MA Ramos, A Stitz, L Vidal, E Dynin, I Petsch, B Silva, CJ Requena, JR AF Vazquez-Fernandez, Ester Alonso, Jana Pastrana, Miguel A. Ramos, Adriana Stitz, Lothar Vidal, Enric Dynin, Irina Petsch, Benjamin Silva, Christopher J. Requena, Jesus R. TI Structural Organization of Mammalian Prions as Probed by Limited Proteolysis SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB-DISEASE; SCRAPIE PRION; TRUNCATED FORMS; PROTEIN; IDENTIFICATION; PRP AB Elucidation of the structure of PrPSc continues to be one major challenge in prion research. The mechanism of propagation of these infectious agents will not be understood until their structure is solved. Given that high resolution techniques such as NMR or X-ray crystallography cannot be used, a number of lower resolution analytical approaches have been attempted. Thus, limited proteolysis has been successfully used to pinpoint flexible regions within prion multimers (PrPSc). However, the presence of covalently attached sugar antennae and glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) moieties makes mass spectrometry-based analysis impractical. In order to surmount these difficulties we analyzed PrPSc from transgenic mice expressing prion protein (PrP) lacking the GPI membrane anchor. Such animals produce prions that are devoid of the GPI anchor and sugar antennae, and, thereby, permit the detection and location of flexible, proteinase K (PK) susceptible regions by Western blot and mass spectrometry-based analysis. GPI-less PrPSc samples were digested with PK. PK-resistant peptides were identified, and found to correspond to molecules cleaved at positions 81, 85, 89, 116, 118, 133, 134, 141, 152, 153, 162, 169 and 179. The first 10 peptides (to position 153), match very well with PK cleavage sites we previously identified in wild type PrPSc. These results reinforce the hypothesis that the structure of PrPSc consists of a series of highly PK-resistant beta-sheet strands connected by short flexible PK-sensitive loops and turns. A sizeable C-terminal stretch of PrPSc is highly resistant to PK and therefore perhaps also contains beta-sheet secondary structure. C1 [Vazquez-Fernandez, Ester; Pastrana, Miguel A.; Ramos, Adriana; Requena, Jesus R.] Univ Santiago de Compostela, CIMUS Biomed Res Inst, IDIS, Santiago De Compostela, Spain. [Alonso, Jana] IDIS, Prote Unit, Santiago De Compostela, Spain. [Stitz, Lothar; Petsch, Benjamin] Friedrich Loeffler Inst, Inst Immunol, Tubingen, Germany. [Vidal, Enric] UAB IRTA, Priocat Lab, Ctr Recerca Sanitat Anim CReSA, Barcelona, Spain. [Dynin, Irina; Silva, Christopher J.] USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Requena, Jesus R.] Univ Santiago de Compostela, Dept Med, Santiago De Compostela, Spain. RP Vazquez-Fernandez, E (reprint author), Univ Santiago de Compostela, CIMUS Biomed Res Inst, IDIS, Santiago De Compostela, Spain. EM ester.vazquez@usc.es; jesus.requena@usc.es RI Alonso Lorenzo, Jana/B-2869-2012; OI Alonso Lorenzo, Jana/0000-0002-2304-8715; Silva, Christopher/0000-0003-4521-6377 FU EC [FP7 222887] FX This work was supported by EC grant FP7 222887 "Priority". The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 28 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 12 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 20 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 11 AR e50111 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0050111 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 043II UT WOS:000311535700071 PM 23185550 ER PT J AU Novotny, JA Baer, DJ Khoo, C Gebauer, S AF Novotny, Janet A. Baer, David J. Khoo, Christina Gebauer, Sarah TI Low Calorie Cranberry Juice Reduces Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Inflammation; Endothelial function C1 [Novotny, Janet A.; Baer, David J.; Gebauer, Sarah] USDA, Food Components & Hlth Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Khoo, Christina] Ocean Spray, Rsch, Lakeville Middleboro, MA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 EI 1524-4539 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD NOV 20 PY 2012 VL 126 IS 21 SU S MA 19732 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA V31LL UT WOS:000208885009187 ER PT J AU Spartano, NL Ronxhi, J Lamon-Fava, S Matthan, NR Greenberg, AS Obin, MS Lichtenstein, AH AF Spartano, Nicole L. Ronxhi, Janey Lamon-Fava, Stefania Matthan, Nirupa R. Greenberg, Andrew S. Obin, Martin S. Lichtenstein, Alice H. TI Elevated Glucose Increases ATP-Binding Cassette Transporter A1 mRNA Expression in Human Leukocytes and Murine Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophages and Decreases Cholesterol Efflux SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Cardiovascular disease; Glucose; Foam cells; Blood cells; Nutrition C1 [Spartano, Nicole L.; Ronxhi, Janey; Lamon-Fava, Stefania; Matthan, Nirupa R.; Greenberg, Andrew S.; Obin, Martin S.; Lichtenstein, Alice H.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 EI 1524-4539 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD NOV 20 PY 2012 VL 126 IS 21 SU S MA 9110 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA V31LL UT WOS:000208885000039 ER PT J AU Gieseker, CM Mayer, TD Crosby, TC Carson, J Dalsgaard, I Darwish, AM Gaunt, PS Gao, DX Hsu, HM Lin, TL Oaks, JL Pyecroft, M Teitzel, C Somsiri, T Wu, CC AF Gieseker, Charles M. Mayer, Tamara D. Crosby, Tina C. Carson, Jeremy Dalsgaard, Inger Darwish, Ahmed M. Gaunt, Patricia S. Gao, Dana X. Hsu, Hui-Min Lin, Tsang L. Oaks, J. Lindsay Pyecroft, Melissa Teitzel, Charlene Somsiri, Temdoung Wu, Ching C. TI Quality control ranges for testing broth microdilution susceptibility of Flavobacterium columnare and F. psychrophilum to nine antimicrobials SO DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS LA English DT Article DE Standard methods; Antimicrobial susceptibility testing; Fish; Flavobacteria ID FLEXIBACTER-COLUMNARIS; AQUATIC BACTERIA; FISH; RESISTANCE; STANDARDS; FRANCE AB A multi-laboratory broth microdilution method trial was performed to standardize the specialized test conditions required for the fish pathogens Flavobacterium columnare and F. psychrophilum. Nine laboratories tested the quality control (QC) strains Escherichia colt ATCC 25922 and Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida ATCC 33658 against 10 antimicrobials (ampicillin, enrofloxacin, erythromycin, florfenicol, flumequine, gentamicin, ormetoprim/sulfadimethoxine, oxolinic acid, oxytetracycline, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole) in diluted (4 g l(-1)) cation-adjusted Mueller-Hinton broth incubated at 28 and 18 degrees C for 44-48 and 92-96 h, respectively. QC ranges were set for 9 of the 10 antimicrobials. Most of the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) distributions (16 of 18, 9 drugs at both temperatures) for A. salmonicida ATCC 33658 were centered on a single median MIC +/- 1 two-fold drug dilution resulting in a QC range that spanned 3 dilutions. More of the E. call ATCC 25922 MIC distributions (7 of 16) were centered between 2 MIC dilutions requiring a QC range that spanned 4 dilutions. A QC range could not be determined for E. colt ATCC 25922 against 2 antimicrobials at the low temperature. These data and their associated QC ranges have been approved by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), and will be included in the next edition of the CLSI M49-A Guideline. This method represents the first standardized reference method for testing fish pathogenic Flavobacterium spp. C1 [Gieseker, Charles M.; Mayer, Tamara D.; Crosby, Tina C.] US FDA, Ctr Vet Med, Res Off, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. [Carson, Jeremy; Pyecroft, Melissa] Dept Primary Ind, Fish Hlth Unit, Pk Water & Environm, Launceston, Tas 7249, Australia. [Dalsgaard, Inger] Tech Univ Denmark, Natl Vet Inst, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. [Darwish, Ahmed M.] USDA ARS, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Gaunt, Patricia S.; Gao, Dana X.] Mississippi State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38766 USA. [Hsu, Hui-Min] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Vet Diagnost Lab, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Oaks, J. Lindsay; Teitzel, Charlene] Univ Washington, Washington Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Somsiri, Temdoung] Kasetsart Univ, Inland Aquat Anim Hlth Res Inst, Bangkok 10900, Thailand. [Lin, Tsang L.; Wu, Ching C.] Purdue Univ, Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Gieseker, CM (reprint author), US FDA, Ctr Vet Med, Res Off, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. EM charles.gieseker@fda.hhs.gov NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 17 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 0177-5103 J9 DIS AQUAT ORGAN JI Dis. Aquat. Org. PD NOV 19 PY 2012 VL 101 IS 3 BP 207 EP 215 DI 10.3354/dao02527 PG 9 WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences GA 054QC UT WOS:000312357300004 PM 23324417 ER PT J AU Sala, OE Gherardi, LA Reichmann, L Jobbagy, E Peters, D AF Sala, Osvaldo E. Gherardi, Laureano A. Reichmann, Lara Jobbagy, Esteban Peters, Debra TI Legacies of precipitation fluctuations on primary production: theory and data synthesis SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Review DE primary production; legacies; spatial and temporal models; precipitation effects ID RAIN-USE EFFICIENCY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; PATAGONIAN STEPPE; SEMIARID ECOSYSTEMS; UNITED-STATES; DYNAMICS; RESPONSES; PRAIRIE; DESERTIFICATION; VEGETATION AB Variability of above-ground net primary production (ANPP) of arid to sub-humid ecosystems displays a closer association with precipitation when considered across space (based on multiyear averages for different locations) than through time (based on year-to-year change at single locations). Here, we propose a theory of controls of ANPP based on four hypotheses about legacies of wet and dry years that explains space versus time differences in ANPP-precipitation relationships. We tested the hypotheses using 16 long-term series of ANPP. We found that legacies revealed by the association of current-versus previous-year conditions through the temporal series occur across all ecosystem types from deserts to mesic grasslands. Therefore, previous-year precipitation and ANPP control a significant fraction of current-year production. We developed unified models for the controls of ANPP through space and time. The relative importance of current-versus previous-year precipitation changes along a gradient of mean annual precipitation with the importance of current-year PPT decreasing, whereas the importance of previous-year PPT remains constant as mean annual precipitation increases. Finally, our results suggest that ANPP will respond to climate-change-driven alterations in water availability and, more importantly, that the magnitude of the response will increase with time. C1 [Sala, Osvaldo E.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Sustainabil, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Sala, Osvaldo E.; Gherardi, Laureano A.; Reichmann, Lara] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ USA. [Jobbagy, Esteban] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, IMASL, Grp Estudios Ambientales, San Luis, Argentina. [Jobbagy, Esteban] Univ Nacl San Luis, San Luis, Argentina. [Peters, Debra] ARS, USDA, Las Cruces, NM USA. RP Sala, OE (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Sustainabil, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM osvaldo.sala@asu.edu FU National Science Foundation [DEB 09-17668, DEB 06-18210] FX This work was supported by National Science Foundation grants DEB 09-17668 to Arizona State University, and DEB 06-18210 to New Mexico State University as part of the Jornada Basin LTER. We thank W. K. Lauenroth and L. Yahdjian for stimulating discussions, reviewers and editor for valuable suggestions and G. A. Gil and D. D. Correa for support. NR 50 TC 101 Z9 101 U1 23 U2 178 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8436 EI 1471-2970 J9 PHILOS T R SOC B JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD NOV 19 PY 2012 VL 367 IS 1606 SI SI BP 3135 EP 3144 DI 10.1098/rstb.2011.0347 PG 10 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 019YP UT WOS:000309775800007 PM 23045711 ER PT J AU Saha, S Hunter, WB Reese, J Morgan, JK Marutani-Hert, M Huang, H Lindeberg, M AF Saha, Surya Hunter, Wayne B. Reese, Justin Morgan, J. Kent Marutani-Hert, Mizuri Huang, Hong Lindeberg, Magdalen TI Survey of Endosymbionts in the Diaphorina citri Metagenome and Assembly of a Wolbachia wDi Draft Genome SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID IV SECRETION SYSTEM; CULEX-PIPIENS GROUP; TAMARIXIA-RADIATA; DNA-SEQUENCES; POPULATIONS; EVOLUTION; IDENTIFICATION; PSYLLIDAE; SYMBIONTS; PHYLOGENY AB Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), the Asian citrus psyllid, is the insect vector of Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus, the causal agent of citrus greening disease. Sequencing of the D. citri metagenome has been initiated to gain better understanding of the biology of this organism and the potential roles of its bacterial endosymbionts. To corroborate candidate endosymbionts previously identified by rDNA amplification, raw reads from the D. citri metagenome sequence were mapped to reference genome sequences. Results of the read mapping provided the most support for Wolbachia and an enteric bacterium most similar to Salmonella. Wolbachia-derived reads were extracted using the complete genome sequences for four Wolbachia strains. Reads were assembled into a draft genome sequence, and the annotation assessed for the presence of features potentially involved in host interaction. Genome alignment with the complete sequences reveals membership of Wolbachia wDi in supergroup B, further supported by phylogenetic analysis of FtsZ. FtsZ and Wsp phylogenies additionally indicate that the Wolbachia strain in the Florida D. citri isolate falls into a sub-clade of supergroup B, distinct from Wolbachia present in Chinese D. citri isolates, supporting the hypothesis that the D. citri introduced into Florida did not originate from China. C1 [Saha, Surya; Lindeberg, Magdalen] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. [Hunter, Wayne B.; Morgan, J. Kent; Marutani-Hert, Mizuri] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL USA. [Reese, Justin] Genformatic LLC, Alpharetta, GA USA. [Huang, Hong] Univ S Florida, Sch Informat, Tampa, FL USA. RP Lindeberg, M (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. EM ml16@cornell.edu RI Huang, Hong/G-5957-2016; OI Huang, Hong/0000-0002-8957-4881; Saha, Surya/0000-0002-1160-1413 FU USDA, ARS, Subtropical Research Unit, U.S. Horticultural Research Laboratory, Fort Pierce, FL, USA; Citrus Research Board, Visalia, CA, USA; Citrus Research and Development Foundation [123] FX Funding for this project came from the USDA, ARS, Subtropical Research Unit, U.S. Horticultural Research Laboratory, Fort Pierce, FL, USA; and the Citrus Research Board, Visalia, CA, USA (FY2011-2012) and from the Citrus Research and Development Foundation grant FCATP08 #123. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 81 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 58 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 16 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 11 AR e50067 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0050067 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 048BN UT WOS:000311885300083 PM 23166822 ER PT J AU Ward, DM Nislow, KH Folt, CL AF Ward, Darren M. Nislow, Keith H. Folt, Carol L. TI Do Low-Mercury Terrestrial Resources Subsidize Low-Mercury Growth of Stream Fish? Differences between Species along a Productivity Gradient SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID SALMON SALMO-SALAR; STABLE-ISOTOPE ANALYSIS; AQUATIC FOOD WEBS; ATLANTIC SALMON; BROOK TROUT; BIOACCUMULATION; INVERTEBRATES; RIVER; ECOSYSTEMS; REDUCE AB Low productivity in aquatic ecosystems is associated with reduced individual growth of fish and increased concentrations of methylmercury (MeHg) in fish and their prey. However, many stream-dwelling fish species can use terrestrially-derived food resources, potentially subsidizing growth at low-productivity sites, and, because terrestrial resources have lower MeHg concentrations than aquatic resources, preventing an increase in diet-borne MeHg accumulation. We used a large-scale field study to evaluate relationships among terrestrial subsidy use, growth, and MeHg concentrations in two stream-dwelling fish species across an in-stream productivity gradient. We sampled young-of-the-year brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), potential competitors with similar foraging habits, from 20 study sites in streams in New Hampshire and Massachusetts that encompassed a wide range of aquatic prey biomass. Stable isotope analysis showed that brook trout used more terrestrial resources than Atlantic salmon. Over their first growing season, Atlantic salmon tended to grow larger than brook trout at sites with high aquatic prey biomass, but brook grew two-fold larger than Atlantic salmon at sites with low aquatic prey biomass. The MeHg concentrations of brook trout and Atlantic salmon were similar at sites with high aquatic prey biomass and the MeHg concentrations of both species increased at sites with low prey biomass and high MeHg in aquatic prey. However, brook trout had three-fold lower MeHg concentrations than Atlantic salmon at low-productivity, high-MeHg sites. These results suggest that differential use of terrestrial resource subsidies reversed the growth asymmetry between potential competitors across a productivity gradient and, for one species, moderated the effect of low in-stream productivity on MeHg accumulation. C1 [Ward, Darren M.; Folt, Carol L.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Biol Sci, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Nislow, Keith H.] US Forest Serv, Ctr Res Ecosyst Change, USDA, Amherst, MA USA. RP Ward, DM (reprint author), Humboldt State Univ, Dept Fisheries Biol, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. EM darren.ward@humboldt.edu RI Ward, Darren/F-1203-2010 OI Ward, Darren/0000-0002-0049-5299 FU NIEHS-SBRP [ES007373]; USFS Northern Research Station; NOAA CIMEC FX This project was funded by NIEHS-SBRP grant ES007373 to CLF and by the USFS Northern Research Station; DMW was supported during preparation of the manuscript by NOAA CIMEC. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 48 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 40 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 16 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 11 AR e49582 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0049582 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 048BN UT WOS:000311885300053 PM 23166717 ER PT J AU Thomson, JL Landry, AS Zoellner, JM Tudor-Locke, C Webster, M Connell, C Yadrick, K AF Thomson, Jessica L. Landry, Alicia S. Zoellner, Jamie M. Tudor-Locke, Catrine Webster, Michael Connell, Carol Yadrick, Kathy TI Several steps/day indicators predict changes in anthropometric outcomes: HUB City Steps SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Pedometer; Steps/day; Anthropometric measures; African American ID PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY INTERVENTION; RESTING BLOOD-PRESSURE; US ADULTS; AFRICAN-AMERICANS; CONTROLLED-TRIALS; WALKING; METAANALYSIS; HEALTH; ENOUGH; PEDOMETERS AB Background: Walking for exercise remains the most frequently reported leisure-time activity, likely because it is simple, inexpensive, and easily incorporated into most people's lifestyle. Pedometers are simple, convenient, and economical tools that can be used to quantify step-determined physical activity. Few studies have attempted to define the direct relationship between dynamic changes in pedometer-determined steps/day and changes in anthropometric and clinical outcomes. Hence, the objective of this secondary analysis was to evaluate the utility of several descriptive indicators of pedometer-determined steps/day for predicting changes in anthropometric and clinical outcomes using data from a community-based walking intervention, HUB City Steps, conducted in a southern, African American population. A secondary aim was to evaluate whether treating steps/day data for implausible values affected the ability of these data to predict intervention-induced changes in clinical and anthropometric outcomes. Methods: The data used in this secondary analysis were collected in 2010 from 269 participants in a six-month walking intervention targeting a reduction in blood pressure. Throughout the intervention, participants submitted weekly steps/day diaries based on pedometer self-monitoring. Changes (six-month minus baseline) in anthropometric (body mass index, waist circumference, percent body fat [%BF], fat mass) and clinical (blood pressure, lipids, glucose) outcomes were evaluated. Associations between steps/day indicators and changes in anthropometric and clinical outcomes were assessed using bivariate tests and multivariable linear regression analysis which controlled for demographic and baseline covariates. Results: Significant negative bivariate associations were observed between steps/day indicators and the majority of anthropometric and clinical outcome changes (r = -0.3 to -0.2: P < 0.05). After controlling for covariates in the regression analysis, only the relationships between steps/day indicators and changes in anthropometric (not clinical) outcomes remained significant. For example, a 1,000 steps/day increase in intervention mean steps/day resulted in a 0.1% decrease in %BF. Results for the three pedometer datasets (full, truncated, and excluded) were similar and yielded few meaningful differences in interpretation of the findings. Conclusions: Several descriptive indicators of steps/day may be useful for predicting anthropometric outcome changes. Further, manipulating steps/day data to address implausible values has little overall effect on the ability to predict these anthropometric changes. C1 [Thomson, Jessica L.] Louisiana State Univ, ARS, USDA, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Landry, Alicia S.; Connell, Carol; Yadrick, Kathy] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Nutr & Food Syst, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. [Zoellner, Jamie M.] Virginia Tech, Dept Human Nutr Foods & Exercise, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Tudor-Locke, Catrine] Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Walking Behav Lab, Baton Rouge, LA 70808 USA. [Webster, Michael] Univ So Mississippi, Sch Human Performance & Recreat, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. RP Thomson, JL (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, ARS, USDA, 284 Knapp Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM jessica.thomson@ars.usda.gov FU National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities [R24MD002787] FX We thank Karen Zynda, Diana Cuy-Castellanos, Melissa Bonnell, Sarah McMutry, Jeremy Noble, Vickie Reed, Mary Beard, and Latessa Minor for their research support. We are particularly grateful for the participants of the HUB City Steps study. This research was supported by the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities Award Number R24MD002787. The views expressed are solely those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the US government. NR 41 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 14 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD NOV 15 PY 2012 VL 12 AR 983 DI 10.1186/1471-2458-12-983 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 074QI UT WOS:000313827200001 PM 23153060 ER PT J AU Xu, T Xu, QG Li, H Wang, J Li, QX Shelver, WL Li, J AF Xu, Ting Xu, Qi Gong Li, Hao Wang, Jia Li, Qing X. Shelver, Weilin L. Li, Ji TI Strip-based immunoassay for the simultaneous detection of the neonicotinoid insecticides imidacloprid and thiamethoxam in agricultural products SO TALANTA LA English DT Article DE Imidacloprid; Thiamethoxam; Insecticide analysis; Strip immunoassay; Food safety ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; RAPID DETECTION; IMMUNOCHROMATOGRAPHIC ASSAY; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; FRUIT JUICES; FLOW-THROUGH; SAMPLES; HONEY; RESIDUES; CARBARYL AB A semiquantitative strip immunoassay was developed for the rapid detection of imidacloprid and thiamethoxam in agricultural products using specific nanocolloidal gold-labeled monoclonal antibodies. The conjugates of imidacloprid-BSA, thiamethoxam-BSA and goat anti-mouse IgG were coated on the nitro-cellulose membrane of the strip, serving as test lines and control line, respectively. The flow of the complexes of gold labeled antibodies and insecticides along the strip resulted in intensive color formed on the test lines inversely proportional to the concentrations of imidacloprid and thiamethoxam. The visual detection limits of imidacloprid and thiamethoxam in assay buffer were 0.5 and 2 ng mL(-1), respectively. Matrix interference of cucumber, tomato, lettuce, apple, and orange on the strip assay could be eliminated by diluting sample extracts with assay buffer. The strip analysis of imidacloprid and thiamethoxam in these samples was compared to liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and the results were in good agreement. The strip was stable for storage more than 5 months at 4 C. The strip assay is a rapid and simple method for the simultaneous screening of imidacloprid and thiamethoxam in agricultural products. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Xu, Ting; Li, Hao; Wang, Jia; Li, Ji] China Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm Sci, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Xu, Qi Gong] Chinese Res Inst Environm Sci, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China. [Li, Qing X.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Mol Biosci & Bioengn, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Shelver, Weilin L.] USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. RP Li, J (reprint author), China Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm Sci, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. EM liji@cau.edu.cn FU Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China [201109009]; Chinese Universities Scientific Fund [2010JS115]; US National Institute on Minority Health; National Center for Research Resources [5 G12 RR003061-26]; US National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities [8 G12 MD007601-26] FX This project was supported in part by the Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China (201109009), Chinese Universities Scientific Fund (2010JS115), the US National Institute on Minority Health and the National Center for Research Resources (5 G12 RR003061-26) and the US National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (8 G12 MD007601-26). NR 30 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 5 U2 53 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-9140 J9 TALANTA JI Talanta PD NOV 15 PY 2012 VL 101 BP 85 EP 90 DI 10.1016/j.talanta.2012.08.047 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 064OH UT WOS:000313084400013 PM 23158295 ER PT J AU Flores-Ramirez, G Janecek, S Miernyk, JA Skultety, L AF Flores-Ramirez, Gabriela Janecek, Stefan Miernyk, Jan A. Skultety, Ludovit TI In silico biosynthesis of virenose, a methylated deoxy-sugar unique to Coxiella burnetii lipopolysaccharide SO PROTEOME SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Coxiella burnetii; LPS; Deoxysugars; Virenose; Biosynthetic pathway ID GDP-D-RHAMNOSE; AVIRULENT PHASE-II; Q-FEVER; SACCHAROPOLYSPORA-ERYTHRAEA; GENE-CLUSTER; PHOSPHOMANNOSE ISOMERASE; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; CATALYTIC MECHANISM; STRUCTURAL BASIS; DEPENDENT METHYLTRANSFERASES AB Background: Coxiella burnetii is Gram-negative bacterium responsible for the zoonosis Q-fever. While it has an obligate intracellular growth habit, it is able to persist for extended periods outside of a host cell and can resist environmental conditions that would be lethal to most prokaryotes. It is these extracellular bacteria that are the infectious stage encountered by eukaryotic hosts. The intracellular form has evolved to grow and replicate within acidified parasitophorous vacuoles. The outer coat of C. burnetii comprises a complex lipopolysaccharide (LPS) component that includes the unique methylated-6-deoxyhexose, virenose. Although potentially important as a biomarker for C. burnetii, the pathway for its biosynthesis remains obscure. Results: The 6-deoxyhexoses constitute a large family integral to the LPS of many eubacteria. It is believed that precursors of the methylated-deoxyhexoses traverse common early biosynthetic steps as nucleotide-monosaccharides. As a prelude to a full biosynthetic characterization, we present herein the results from bioinformatics-based, proteomics-supported predictions of the pathway for virenose synthesis. Alternative possibilities are considered which include both GDP-mannose and TDP-glucose as precursors. Conclusion: We propose that biosynthesis of the unique C. burnetii biomarker, virenose, involves an early pathway similar to that of other C-3'-methylated deoxysugars which then diverges depending upon the nucleotide-carrier involved. The alternatives yield either the D-or L-enantiomers of virenose. Both pathways require five enzymatic steps, beginning with either glucose-6-phosphate or mannose-6-phosphate. Our in silico results comprise a model for virenose biosynthesis that can be directly tested. Definition of this pathway should facilitate the development of therapeutic agents useful for treatment of Q fever, as well as allowing improvements in the methods for diagnosing this highly infectious disease. C1 [Flores-Ramirez, Gabriela; Skultety, Ludovit] Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Virol, Dept Rickettsiol, Bratislava 84505, Slovakia. [Janecek, Stefan] Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Mol Biol, Lab Prot Evolut, Bratislava 84551, Slovakia. [Miernyk, Jan A.] ARS, USDA, Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Miernyk, Jan A.] Univ Missouri, Interdisciplinary Plant Grp, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Miernyk, Jan A.] Univ Missouri, Dept Biochem, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Skultety, Ludovit] Slovak Acad Sci, Ctr Mol Med, Bratislava 83101, Slovakia. RP Skultety, L (reprint author), Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Virol, Dept Rickettsiol, Dubravska Cesta 9, Bratislava 84505, Slovakia. EM viruludo@savba.sk RI Skultety, Ludovit/N-2160-2014 FU Scientific Grant Agency of the Ministry of Education of the Slovak Republic [2/0156/11]; Slovak Academy of Sciences [26240120030, 26240220062]; Research & Development Operational Programme; ERDF FX Part of the cost of this study was supported in part by the following grants: 2/0156/11 of the Scientific Grant Agency of the Ministry of Education of the Slovak Republic and the Slovak Academy of Sciences the 26240120030 (TRANSMED2), and 26240220062 (Center for innovative research of anticancer and antiviral strategies) supported by the Research & Development Operational Programme funded by the ERDF. NR 66 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 16 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1477-5956 J9 PROTEOME SCI JI Proteome Sci. PD NOV 15 PY 2012 VL 10 AR 67 DI 10.1186/1477-5956-10-67 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 066IH UT WOS:000313213600001 PM 23150954 ER PT J AU Lazzaro, I Busman, M Battilani, P Butchko, RAE AF Lazzaro, I. Busman, M. Battilani, P. Butchko, R. A. E. TI FUM and BIK gene expression contribute to describe fumonisin and bikaverin synthesis in Fusarium verticillioides SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ecology; Water activity; Secondary metabolites; FUM genes; Real-time PCR ID RED PIGMENT BIKAVERIN; GIBBERELLA-MONILIFORMIS; WATER ACTIVITY; ASPERGILLUS-NIGER; MAIZE; BIOSYNTHESIS; PROLIFERATUM; FUJIKUROI; GROWTH; TEMPERATURE AB Fusarium verticillioides is a maize pathogen that produces toxic secondary metabolites, including fumonisins and bikaverin. The regulation of biosynthetic gene expression and the production of these metabolites are not fully understood and in this study we investigated the influence of water activity (0.955 and 0.990) on the expression of 5 genes (FUM3-FUM8-FUM13-FUM14 and BIK1) in F. verticillioides strains after 14 and 21 days incubation. Fumonisin production and biosynthetic gene expression were greatest at a(w) = 0.990, and the same trend was observed for bikaverin production, and BIK1 expression. FUM3 and FUM14 were the most highly expressed genes and were positively correlated with the production of FB1, FB2 and FB3. When FUM14 is more highly expressed than FUM3 the amount of FB3 quantified is higher with respect to FB1; this could be explained by the role of FUM3 in the hydroxylation of FB3 to FB1. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Lazzaro, I.; Battilani, P.] Univ Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Inst Entomol & Plant Pathol, I-29122 Piacenza, Italy. [Busman, M.; Butchko, R. A. E.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL USA. RP Battilani, P (reprint author), Univ Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Inst Entomol & Plant Pathol, Via Emilia Parmense 84, I-29122 Piacenza, Italy. EM paola.battilani@unicatt.it OI Battilani, Paola/0000-0003-1287-1711 FU EC [KBBE-2007-222690-2 MYCORED] FX This work was supported by EC KBBE-2007-222690-2 MYCORED. The first author carried out this work within the PhD School Agrisystem of the UCSC, Italy. We thank Crystal E. Probyn for technical assistance. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 39 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1605 J9 INT J FOOD MICROBIOL JI Int. J. Food Microbiol. PD NOV 15 PY 2012 VL 160 IS 2 BP 94 EP 98 DI 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2012.10.004 PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA 055NG UT WOS:000312423000002 PM 23177047 ER PT J AU Zalesny, RS Donner, DM Coyle, DR Headlee, WL AF Zalesny, Ronald S., Jr. Donner, Deahn M. Coyle, David R. Headlee, William L. TI An approach for siting poplar energy production systems to increase productivity and associated ecosystem services SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE 3-PG; Biofuels; Bioenergy; Bioproducts; Populus; Productivity modeling ID ROTATION WOODY CROPS; HYBRID POPLAR; UNITED-STATES; WATER-USE; DROUGHT RESISTANCE; AGRICULTURAL LAND; XYLEM CAVITATION; ECONOMIC-IMPACTS; USE EFFICIENCY; POPULUS AB Short rotation woody crops such as Populus spp. and their hybrids (i.e., poplars) are a significant component of the total biofuels and bioenergy feedstock resource in the USA. Production of these dedicated energy crops may result in large-scale land conversion, which leads to questions about their economic, logistic, and ecologic feasibility. To address such concerns, we used available social (i.e., land ownership and cover) and biophysical (i.e., climate and soil characteristics) spatial data to map eligible lands suitable for establishing and growing poplar biomass for bioenergy crops across Minnesota and Wisconsin, USA. We confirmed the validity of this mapping technique by sampling and assessing biotic variables within locations identified on the maps. Lastly, we estimated potential poplar productivity within identified areas using a process-based growth model (3-PG) to determine spatial distribution of productive lands across the study area. Overall, eligible lands suitable for poplar production systems totaled 373,630 ha across both states, representing 30.8% of the study area and a total potential aboveground yield at the end of a 10-year rotation of 36.2-42.6 dry Tg. Poplar biomass ranged from 9.5 +/- 0.3 to 11.9 +/- 0.2 dry Mg ha(-1) yr(-1) across both states, with an overall mean of 10.0 +/- 0.1 dry Mg ha(-1) yr(-1). While this novel approach was validated for Minnesota and Wisconsin, our methodology was developed to be useful across a wide range of geographic conditions, irrespective of intra-regional variability in site and climate parameters. Thus, this information is vital for siting poplar energy production systems to increase productivity and associated ecosystem services, and is widely applicable to woody biomass production systems worldwide. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Zalesny, Ronald S., Jr.; Donner, Deahn M.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Inst Appl Ecosyst Studies, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. [Coyle, David R.] Univ Georgia, DB Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Headlee, William L.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Zalesny, RS (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Inst Appl Ecosyst Studies, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. EM rzalesny@fs.fed.us FU US Forest Service Northern Research Station - Research Work Unit [RWU-NRS-13]; Wisconsin FOCUS ON ENERGY Program FX This study was funded by the US Forest Service Northern Research Station - Research Work Unit RWU-NRS-13, and the Wisconsin FOCUS ON ENERGY Program. We thank Sue Lietz and Tina Baumann for data management and GIS support; Xindi Bian for providing the NARR data; Bruce Birr, Adam Wiese, and Dan Baumann for field and laboratory assistance; Richard Hall for insightful discussions and guidance; Dan Langseth and Mike Young for valuable IMPP information and access to field sites; Kathryn Eggers, Gayathri Gopalakrishnan, Eric Gustafson, and Richard Hall for review of earlier versions of the manuscript. NR 67 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 47 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD NOV 15 PY 2012 VL 284 BP 45 EP 58 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2012.07.022 PG 14 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 035KN UT WOS:000310945600005 ER PT J AU Ramjohn, IA Murphy, PG Burton, TM Lugo, AE AF Ramjohn, Ian A. Murphy, Peter G. Burton, Thomas M. Lugo, Ariel E. TI Survival and rebound of Antillean dry forests: Role of forest fragments SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Forest fragmentation; Land-use change; Puerto Rico; Subtropical dry forest; Novel ecosystems ID PUERTO-RICO; CENTRAL-AMERICA; LAND-USE; CONSERVATION; RESTORATION; ECOSYSTEMS; MANAGEMENT; JAMAICA; ISLAND; AREAS AB Antillean dry forests have experienced high levels of human impact for almost five centuries. Economic changes in the second half of the 20th century have facilitated forest recovery in Puerto Rico. We quantified the extent of forest cover and the community composition of representative forest fragments in the subtropical dry forest life zone (sensu Holdridge, 1967) in southwestern Puerto Rico. Forest cover, which was largely eliminated by the 1940s, stood at 48% in the western dry forest life zone in 1993. Fragments varied in land-use history and supported from 1% to 86% of the reference species sampled in Guanica Forest, a 4000-ha protected area. Reference species were well represented in forest fragments, even those smaller than 1 ha, if they had never been completely cleared, but were uncommon in forests regenerating on previously cleared sites. The studied fragments are novel ecosystems which combine native and introduced elements; Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) De Wit, an introduced legume, was the most common species, regardless of land-use history. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Ramjohn, Ian A.; Murphy, Peter G.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Burton, Thomas M.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Zool, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Lugo, Ariel E.] US Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, USDA, Rio Piedras, PR 00926 USA. RP Ramjohn, IA (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Dept Bot & Microbiol, 770 Van Vleet Oval, Norman, OK 73019 USA. EM iramjohn@gmail.com FU USDA Forest Service International Institute of Tropical Forestry; Paul Taylor Fund; Ecology, Evolution and Behavioral Biology Program at Michigan State University FX This research was funded in part by the USDA Forest Service International Institute of Tropical Forestry, with additional support from the Paul Taylor Fund, and the Ecology, Evolution and Behavioral Biology Program at Michigan State University. Work was conducted in collaboration with the University of Puerto Rico. NR 72 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD NOV 15 PY 2012 VL 284 BP 124 EP 132 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2012.08.001 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 035KN UT WOS:000310945600014 ER PT J AU Collins, BJ Rhoades, CC Battaglia, MA Hubbard, RM AF Collins, B. J. Rhoades, C. C. Battaglia, M. A. Hubbard, R. M. TI The effects of bark beetle outbreaks on forest development, fuel loads and potential fire behavior in salvage logged and untreated lodgepole pine forests SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Mountain pine beetle; Salvage logging; Fire behavior; Rocky Mountains; Lodgepole pine ID COARSE WOODY DEBRIS; MOUNTAIN NATIONAL-PARK; SUB-ALPINE FORESTS; CROWN FIRE; STAND DEVELOPMENT; ROCKY-MOUNTAINS; UNITED-STATES; DRY FORESTS; COLORADO; WILDFIRE AB Recent mountain pine beetle infestations have resulted in widespread tree mortality and the accumulation of dead woody fuels across the Rocky Mountain region, creating concerns over future forest stand conditions and fire behavior. We quantified how salvage logging influenced tree regeneration and fuel loads relative to nearby, uncut stands for 24 lodgepole pine forests in north-central Colorado that had experienced >70% overstory mortality from mountain pine beetles. We used our field measurements to predict changes in fuel loads and potential fire behavior in the forests that develop over the century following the outbreak and associated harvesting. Our field measurements and stand development projections suggest that salvage logging will alter the potential for canopy fire behavior in future stands by creating conditions that promote regeneration of lodgepole pine and quaking aspen as opposed to subalpine fir. The abundant subalpine fir that has regenerated in untreated, beetle-killed stands is predicted to form a stratum of ladder fuels more likely to allow fires burning on the surface to spread into the forest canopy. Harvesting increased woody surface fuels more than 3-fold compared to untreated stands immediately after treatments; however, coarse fuels will increase substantially (by similar to 55 Mg ha(-1)) in untreated stands within three decades of the beetle infestation as dead trees topple, and the elevated fuel loads will persist for more than a century. Though salvage logging will treat a small fraction of beetle-infested Colorado forests, in those areas treatment will affect stand development and fuel loads and will alter potential fire behavior for more than a century. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Collins, B. J.; Rhoades, C. C.; Battaglia, M. A.; Hubbard, R. M.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Collins, BJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 240 W Prospect, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM bcollins02@fs.fed.us RI Hubbard, Robert/J-6059-2012 FU Joint Fire Science Program [09-1-06-16]; US Forest Service; R2 Bark Beetle Incident Team; Chief's Emergency Fund program; Rocky Mountain Research Station; Colorado Water Conservation Board FX This study was supported by Joint Fire Science Program grant 09-1-06-16 that built upon research established with support from the US Forest Service, R2 Bark Beetle Incident Team, the US Forest Service, Chief's Emergency Fund program, the Rocky Mountain Research Station and the Colorado Water Conservation Board. All these sources are gratefully acknowledged. Without the flexibility and assistance of line officers and timber and fuel managers of the Arapaho-Roosevelt and Medicine-Bow National Forests and the Colorado State Forest Service this research would not have been possible. Thanks to Kelly Elder, Mark Dixon and Banning Starr of the Fraser Experimental Forest for the use of FEF resources and logistical support. The authors also thank Scott Baggett, for statistical expertise, Daniel Bowker and Lance Asherin for assistance with geographic information systems and growth projections, Dan Binkley, Susan Miller, Paula Fornwalt, Monique Rocca and two anonymous reviewers for comments on the manuscript and numerous individuals for assistance with field measurements. NR 61 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 6 U2 98 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD NOV 15 PY 2012 VL 284 BP 260 EP 268 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2012.07.027 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 035KN UT WOS:000310945600028 ER PT J AU Groenen, MAM Archibald, AL Uenishi, H Tuggle, CK Takeuchi, Y Rothschild, MF Rogel-Gaillard, C Park, C Milan, D Megens, HJ Li, ST Larkin, DM Kim, H Frantz, LAF Caccamo, M Ahn, H Aken, BL Anselmo, A Anthon, C Auvil, L Badaoui, B Beattie, CW Bendixen, C Berman, D Blecha, F Blomberg, J Bolund, L Bosse, M Botti, S Zhan, BJ Bystrom, M Capitanu, B Carvalho-Silva, D Chardon, P Chen, C Cheng, R Choi, SH Chow, W Clark, RC Clee, C Crooijmans, RPMA Dawson, HD Dehais, P De Sapio, F Dibbits, B Drou, N Du, ZQ Eversole, K Fadista, J Fairley, S Faraut, T Faulkner, GJ Fowler, KE Fredholm, M Fritz, E Gilbert, JGR Giuffra, E Gorodkin, J Griffin, DK Harrow, JL Hayward, A Howe, K Hu, ZL Humphray, SJ Hunt, T Hornshoj, H Jeon, JT Jern, P Jones, M Jurka, J Kanamori, H Kapetanovic, R Kim, J Kim, JH Kim, KW Kim, TH Larson, G Lee, K Lee, KT Leggett, R Lewin, HA Li, YR Liu, WS Loveland, JE Lu, Y Lunney, JK Ma, J Madsen, O Mann, K Matthews, L McLaren, S Morozumi, T Murtaugh, MP Narayan, J Nguyen, DT Ni, PX Oh, SJ Onteru, S Panitz, F Park, EW Park, HS Pascal, G Paudel, Y Perez-Enciso, M Ramirez-Gonzalez, R Reecy, JM Rodriguez-Zas, S Rohrer, GA Rund, L Sang, YM Schachtschneider, K Schraiber, JG Schwartz, J Scobie, L Scott, C Searle, S Servin, B Southey, BR Sperber, G Stadler, P Sweedler, JV Tafer, H Thomsen, B Wali, R Wang, J Wang, J White, S Xu, X Yerle, M Zhang, GJ Zhang, JG Zhang, J Zhao, SH Rogers, J Churcher, C Schook, LB AF Groenen, Martien A. M. Archibald, Alan L. Uenishi, Hirohide Tuggle, Christopher K. Takeuchi, Yasuhiro Rothschild, Max F. Rogel-Gaillard, Claire Park, Chankyu Milan, Denis Megens, Hendrik-Jan Li, Shengting Larkin, Denis M. Kim, Heebal Frantz, Laurent A. F. Caccamo, Mario Ahn, Hyeonju Aken, Bronwen L. Anselmo, Anna Anthon, Christian Auvil, Loretta Badaoui, Bouabid Beattie, Craig W. Bendixen, Christian Berman, Daniel Blecha, Frank Blomberg, Jonas Bolund, Lars Bosse, Mirte Botti, Sara Zhan Bujie Bystrom, Megan Capitanu, Boris Carvalho-Silva, Denise Chardon, Patrick Chen, Celine Cheng, Ryan Choi, Sang-Haeng Chow, William Clark, Richard C. Clee, Christopher Crooijmans, Richard P. M. A. Dawson, Harry D. Dehais, Patrice De Sapio, Fioravante Dibbits, Bert Drou, Nizar Du, Zhi-Qiang Eversole, Kellye Fadista, Joao Fairley, Susan Faraut, Thomas Faulkner, Geoffrey J. Fowler, Katie E. Fredholm, Merete Fritz, Eric Gilbert, James G. R. Giuffra, Elisabetta Gorodkin, Jan Griffin, Darren K. Harrow, Jennifer L. Hayward, Alexander Howe, Kerstin Hu, Zhi-Liang Humphray, Sean J. Hunt, Toby Hornshoj, Henrik Jeon, Jin-Tae Jern, Patric Jones, Matthew Jurka, Jerzy Kanamori, Hiroyuki Kapetanovic, Ronan Kim, Jaebum Kim, Jae-Hwan Kim, Kyu-Won Kim, Tae-Hun Larson, Greger Lee, Kyooyeol Lee, Kyung-Tai Leggett, Richard Lewin, Harris A. Li, Yingrui Liu, Wansheng Loveland, Jane E. Lu, Yao Lunney, Joan K. Ma, Jian Madsen, Ole Mann, Katherine Matthews, Lucy McLaren, Stuart Morozumi, Takeya Murtaugh, Michael P. Narayan, Jitendra Dinh Truong Nguyen Ni, Peixiang Oh, Song-Jung Onteru, Suneel Panitz, Frank Park, Eung-Woo Park, Hong-Seog Pascal, Geraldine Paudel, Yogesh Perez-Enciso, Miguel Ramirez-Gonzalez, Ricardo Reecy, James M. Rodriguez-Zas, Sandra Rohrer, Gary A. Rund, Lauretta Sang, Yongming Schachtschneider, Kyle Schraiber, Joshua G. Schwartz, John Scobie, Linda Scott, Carol Searle, Stephen Servin, Bertrand Southey, Bruce R. Sperber, Goran Stadler, Peter Sweedler, Jonathan V. Tafer, Hakim Thomsen, Bo Wali, Rashmi Wang, Jian Wang, Jun White, Simon Xu, Xun Yerle, Martine Zhang, Guojie Zhang, Jianguo Zhang, Jie Zhao, Shuhong Rogers, Jane Churcher, Carol Schook, Lawrence B. TI Analyses of pig genomes provide insight into porcine demography and evolution SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID SUS-SCROFA; SEQUENCE; GENE; RECEPTOR; LOCUS; VARIANTS; COMPLEX; TASTE AB For 10,000 years pigs and humans have shared a close and complex relationship. From domestication to modern breeding practices, humans have shaped the genomes of domestic pigs. Here we present the assembly and analysis of the genome sequence of a female domestic Duroc pig (Sus scrofa) and a comparison with the genomes of wild and domestic pigs from Europe and Asia. Wild pigs emerged in South East Asia and subsequently spread across Eurasia. Our results reveal a deep phylogenetic split between European and Asian wild boars similar to 1 million years ago, and a selective sweep analysis indicates selection on genes involved in RNA processing and regulation. Genes associated with immune response and olfaction exhibit fast evolution. Pigs have the largest repertoire of functional olfactory receptor genes, reflecting the importance of smell in this scavenging animal. The pig genome sequence provides an important resource for further improvements of this important livestock species, and our identification of many putative disease-causing variants extends the potential of the pig as a biomedical model. C1 [Groenen, Martien A. M.; Megens, Hendrik-Jan; Frantz, Laurent A. F.; Bosse, Mirte; Crooijmans, Richard P. M. A.; Dibbits, Bert; Madsen, Ole; Paudel, Yogesh] Wageningen Univ, Anim Breeding & Genom Ctr, NL-6708 WD Wageningen, Netherlands. [Archibald, Alan L.; De Sapio, Fioravante; Faulkner, Geoffrey J.; Kapetanovic, Ronan] Univ Edinburgh, Roslin Inst, Easter Bush EH25 9RG, Midlothian, Scotland. [Archibald, Alan L.; De Sapio, Fioravante; Faulkner, Geoffrey J.; Kapetanovic, Ronan] Univ Edinburgh, R D SVS, Easter Bush EH25 9RG, Midlothian, Scotland. [Uenishi, Hirohide; Kanamori, Hiroyuki] Natl Inst Agrobiol Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058602, Japan. [Tuggle, Christopher K.; Rothschild, Max F.; Bystrom, Megan; Cheng, Ryan; Du, Zhi-Qiang; Fritz, Eric; Hu, Zhi-Liang; Onteru, Suneel; Reecy, James M.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Tuggle, Christopher K.; Rothschild, Max F.; Bystrom, Megan; Cheng, Ryan; Du, Zhi-Qiang; Fritz, Eric; Hu, Zhi-Liang; Onteru, Suneel; Reecy, James M.] Iowa State Univ, Ctr Integrated Anim Genom, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Takeuchi, Yasuhiro] UCL, Div Infect & Immun, MRC, UCL Ctr Med Mol Virol, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Takeuchi, Yasuhiro] UCL, Div Infect & Immun, Wohl Vir Ctr, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Rogel-Gaillard, Claire; Chardon, Patrick; Giuffra, Elisabetta] INRA, Lab Anim Genet & Integrat Biol, Lab Radiobiol & Etud Genome, AgroParisTech,CEA,DSV,IRCM, F-78350 Jouy En Josas, France. [Park, Chankyu; Kim, Jaebum; Lee, Kyooyeol; Dinh Truong Nguyen] Konkuk Univ, Dept Anim Biotechnol, Seoul 143701, South Korea. [Milan, Denis; Dehais, Patrice; Faraut, Thomas; Servin, Bertrand; Yerle, Martine] INRA, Lab Genet Cellulaire, F-31320 Castanet Tolosan, France. [Li, Shengting; Bolund, Lars; Li, Yingrui; Lu, Yao; Ni, Peixiang; Wang, Jian; Wang, Jun; Xu, Xun; Zhang, Guojie; Zhang, Jianguo] BGI Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, Peoples R China. [Li, Shengting; Bolund, Lars] Aarhus Univ, Dept Biomed, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Larkin, Denis M.; Narayan, Jitendra] Aberystwyth Univ, Inst Biol Environm & Rural Sci, Aberystwyth SY23 3DA, Ceredigion, Wales. [Kim, Heebal; Ahn, Hyeonju] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Agr Biotechnol & C&K Genom, Seoul 151742, South Korea. [Caccamo, Mario; Drou, Nizar; Leggett, Richard; Ramirez-Gonzalez, Ricardo; Rogers, Jane] Genome Anal Ctr, Norwich NR4 7UH, Norfolk, England. [Aken, Bronwen L.; Chow, William; Clark, Richard C.; Clee, Christopher; Fairley, Susan; Gilbert, James G. R.; Harrow, Jennifer L.; Howe, Kerstin; Humphray, Sean J.; Hunt, Toby; Jones, Matthew; Loveland, Jane E.; Matthews, Lucy; McLaren, Stuart; Scott, Carol; Searle, Stephen; White, Simon; Churcher, Carol] Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Hinxton CB10 1SA, Cambs, England. [Anselmo, Anna; Badaoui, Bouabid; Botti, Sara; Giuffra, Elisabetta] Parco Tecnol Padano, I-26900 Lodi, Italy. [Anthon, Christian; Fredholm, Merete; Gorodkin, Jan] IBHV Univ Copenhagen, Ctr Noncoding RNA Technol & Hlth, Frederiksberg, Denmark. [Auvil, Loretta; Capitanu, Boris] Univ Illinois, Illinois Informat Inst, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Beattie, Craig W.] Univ Illinois, Dept Surg, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Bendixen, Christian; Zhan Bujie; Fadista, Joao; Hornshoj, Henrik; Panitz, Frank; Thomsen, Bo] Aarhus Univ, Dept Mol Biol & Genet, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark. [Berman, Daniel; Lunney, Joan K.; Mann, Katherine] USDA ARS, BARC Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Blecha, Frank; Sang, Yongming] Kansas State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Anat & Physiol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Blomberg, Jonas] Uppsala Univ, Dept Med Sci, Acad Hosp, S-75185 Uppsala, Sweden. [Carvalho-Silva, Denise] European Bioinformat Inst, Hinxton CB10 1SD, Cambs, England. [Chen, Celine; Dawson, Harry D.] USDA, Immunol Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Choi, Sang-Haeng; Park, Hong-Seog] Korean Res Inst Biosci & Biotechnol, Taejon 305806, South Korea. [Eversole, Kellye] Eversole Associates, Bethesda, MD 20816 USA. [Eversole, Kellye] Alliance Anim Genome Res, Bethesda, MD 20816 USA. [Fowler, Katie E.; Griffin, Darren K.] Univ Kent, Sch Biosci, Canterbury CT2 7NJ, Kent, England. [Hayward, Alexander; Jern, Patric] Uppsala Univ, Dept Med Biochem & Microbiol, Sci Life Lab, BMC, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden. [Jeon, Jin-Tae] Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Dept Anim Sci, Jinju 660701, South Korea. [Jurka, Jerzy] Genet Informat Res Inst, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA. [Kanamori, Hiroyuki; Morozumi, Takeya] Inst Japan Assoc Technoinnovat Agr Forestry & Fis, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050854, Japan. [Kim, Jaebum] Univ Illinois, Inst Genom Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Kim, Jae-Hwan] Natl Inst Anim Sci, Anim Genet Resources Stn, RDA, Namwon 590832, South Korea. [Kim, Kyu-Won] C&K Genom, Seoul 151742, South Korea. [Kim, Tae-Hun; Lee, Kyung-Tai; Park, Eung-Woo] Natl Inst Anim Sci, Anim Genom & Bioinformat Div, RDA, Suwon 441706, South Korea. [Larson, Greger] Univ Durham, Dept Archaeol, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Lewin, Harris A.] Univ Calif Davis, UC Davis Genome Ctr, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Davis, CA 95618 USA. [Liu, Wansheng] Penn State Univ, Coll Agr Sci, CRBH, Dept Dairy & Anim Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Ma, Jian] Univ Illinois, Dept Bioengn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Ma, Jian] Univ Illinois, Inst Genom Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Murtaugh, Michael P.; Schwartz, John] Univ Minnesota, Dept Vet & Biomed Sci, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Oh, Song-Jung] Jeju Natl Univ, Cheju 690756, South Korea. [Pascal, Geraldine] INRA, CNRS, UMR85, IFCE,Physiol Reprod & Comportements UMR7247, F-37380 Nouzilly, France. [Pascal, Geraldine] Univ Tours, F-37041 Tours, France. [Perez-Enciso, Miguel] CRAG, ICREA, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain. [Perez-Enciso, Miguel] UAB, Fac Vet, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain. [Rodriguez-Zas, Sandra; Rund, Lauretta; Schachtschneider, Kyle; Southey, Bruce R.] Univ Illinois, Dept Anim Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Rohrer, Gary A.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Schraiber, Joshua G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Scobie, Linda; Wali, Rashmi] Glasgow Caledonian Univ, Dept Life Sci, Glasgow G4 0BA, Lanark, Scotland. [Sperber, Goran] Uppsala Univ, Biomed Ctr, Dept Neurosci, S-75124 Uppsala, Sweden. [Stadler, Peter; Tafer, Hakim] Univ Leipzig, Dept Comp Sci, Interdisciplinary Ctr Bioinformat, Bioinformat Grp, Leipzig, Germany. [Sweedler, Jonathan V.] Univ Illinois, Dept Chem, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Wang, Jun] Univ Copenhagen, Novo Nordisk Fdn Ctr Basic Metab Res, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Wang, Jun] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Biol, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Zhang, Guojie] BGI Europe, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark. [Zhang, Jie; Zhao, Shuhong] Huazhong Agr Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Anim Genet Breeding & Reprod, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China. [Schook, Lawrence B.] Univ Illinois, Dept Anim Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Schook, Lawrence B.] Univ Illinois, Inst Genom Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Groenen, MAM (reprint author), Wageningen Univ, Anim Breeding & Genom Ctr, Elst 1, NL-6708 WD Wageningen, Netherlands. EM martien.groenen@wur.nl; alan.archibald@roslin.ed.ac.uk RI Megens, Hendrik-Jan/E-9676-2010; Dawson, Harry/H-8242-2013; PASCAL, Geraldine/A-7041-2008; Giuffra, Elisabetta/I-3201-2013; Madsen, Ole/E-3730-2012; PASCAL, Geraldine/L-4519-2013; Sweedler, Jonathan/A-9405-2009; Zhang, Guojie/B-6188-2014; kapetanovic, ronan/G-8322-2012; Giuffra, Elisabetta/J-8080-2014; Navntoft, Anne Mette/G-8527-2013; Jensen, Betina/J-2207-2015; Li, Yingrui/K-1064-2015; Wang, Jun/B-9503-2016; Stadler, Peter F./L-7857-2015; Wang, Jun/C-8434-2016; Faulkner, Geoffrey/M-3168-2014; Groenen, Martien/D-8408-2012; Bed'Hom, Bertrand/G-7313-2011; Panitz, Frank/A-3281-2017; Crooijmans, Richard/E-2492-2012; OI Megens, Hendrik-Jan/0000-0002-3619-7533; Madsen, Ole/0000-0001-8082-7881; Sweedler, Jonathan/0000-0003-3107-9922; Zhang, Guojie/0000-0001-6860-1521; Ramirez Gonzalez, Ricardo Humberto/0000-0001-5745-7085; Leggett, Richard/0000-0003-3044-4297; Howe, Kerstin/0000-0003-2237-513X; Chow, William/0000-0002-9056-201X; Schwartz, John C/0000-0003-2057-1831; Servin, Bertrand/0000-0001-5141-0913; Aken, Bronwen/0000-0002-3032-4095; Fairley, Susan/0000-0001-9425-0788; Wang, Jun/0000-0002-2113-5874; Schook, Lawrence/0000-0002-6580-8364; Stadler, Peter F./0000-0002-5016-5191; Wang, Jun/0000-0002-8540-8931; Faulkner, Geoffrey/0000-0001-5769-4494; Groenen, Martien/0000-0003-0484-4545; Bed'Hom, Bertrand/0000-0002-0825-0886; Panitz, Frank/0000-0002-6909-5162; fadista, joao/0000-0001-7558-7043; Hunt, Toby/0000-0001-8377-0841; Hayward, Alexander/0000-0001-7413-718X; Gilbert, James/0000-0001-8079-3159; Carvalho Silva, Denise/0000-0001-5662-1840; Fredholm, Merete/0000-0002-3563-7648; Tafer, Hakim/0000-0002-6252-9802; Bosse, Mirte/0000-0003-2433-2483; Perez-Enciso, Miguel/0000-0003-3524-995X; Kim, Heebal/0000-0003-3064-1303; Blomberg, Jonas/0000-0001-6492-2491; rund, laurie/0000-0003-0761-7196; Archibald, Alan/0000-0001-9213-1830; Fowler, Katie/0000-0003-0359-2390; Gorodkin, Jan/0000-0001-5823-4000; Jern, Patric/0000-0003-3393-5825; Schachtschneider, Kyle/0000-0002-7293-8642 FU USDA CSREES/NIFA Swine Genome Coordination Program; College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois; College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Iowa State University; North Carolina Agricultural Research Service; USA National Pork Board; Iowa Pork Producers Association; North Carolina Pork Council; Danish government; TOPIGS Research Center IPG The Netherlands; INRA Genescope, France; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute and BGI.; BBSRC [BB/E010520/1, BB/E010520/2, BB/I025328/1, BB/H005935/1, BB/G004013/1]; EC FP6 'Cutting edge genomics for sustainable animal breeding (SABRE)'; EC FP7 'Quantomics'; Australian NHMRC [575585]; Next-Generation BioGreen 21 Program [PJ009019, PJ0081162012, PJ0080892011]; RDA, Republic of Korea; Ministry of Research (Spain); NIH [R13 RR020283A, NIH R13 RR032267A, ILLU 535-314, ILLU 538-379, ILLU-538-312, ILLU-538-34, 5 P41LM006252, P20-RR017686, 5 P41 LM006252]; CSREES; NIFA; MAFF [IRPPIAUGT-AG 1101/1201]; USDA-NRSP8 Bioinformatics Coordination and Pig Genome Coordination funds; US-UK Fulbright Commission; USDA-ARS Project Plan [1235-51000-055-00D, 1265-32000-098-00D]; USDA AFRI NIFA/DHS [2010-39559-21860]; USDA ARS; USDA-NRSP8 Bioinformatics; NSFC [31025026]; Swedish Research Council FORMAS; Swedish Wenner-Gren Foundations; European Commission [LSHB-CT-2006-037377]; BioGreen21; RDA [PJ00622901, PJ00622902, PJ00622903, 20040301034467]; European Research Council under the European Community [249894]; NIH NIDA [P30 DA018310, R21 DA027548]; ANR [ANR07-GANI-001]; FTP/DFF [09-066598]; DSF/Strategic Growth Technologies [09-067036]; Lundbeck foundation [374/06]; DCSC (Scientific Computing); Funds for International Cooperation from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2002AA229061]; PL-Grid project: [POIG.02.03.00-00-007/08-00]; USDA-NIFA-CREES [AG 2006-35216-16668, AG 2002-34480-11828, AG 2003-34480-13172, AG 2004-34480-14417, AG 2005-34480-15939, AG 2006-34480-17150, AG 2008-34480-19328, AG 2009-34480-19875, AG 2002-35205-12712, AG 2008-35205-18769, AG 2009-65205-05642, AG 2004-3881-02193]; [USDA-NRI-2009-35205-05192]; [USDA-NRI-2006-35204-17337] FX The authors recognize the contributions of the following individuals towards the establishment of the Swine Genome Sequencing Consortium and their leadership in realizing this effort: J. Jen, P. J. Burfening, D. Hamernik, R. A. Easter, N. Merchen, R. D. Green, J. Cassady, B. Harlizius, M. Boggess and M. Stratton. Also the authors acknowledge A. Hernandez, C. Wright at the University of Illinois Keck Center for Comparative and Functional Genomics; N. Bruneau and Prof. Ning Li for their contribution to PERV studies; D. Goodband and D. Berman for their efforts in genome annotation; D. Grafham of the Welcome Trust Sanger Institute for his efforts in the genome assembly and J. Hedegaard, M. Nielsen and R. O. Nielsen for their contribution on the miRNA analysis. We also recognize contributions from the National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences and the Institute of Japan Association for Techno-innovation in Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Tsukuba, Japan, H. Shinkai, T. Eguchi-Ogawa, K. Suzuki, D. Toki, T. Matsumoto, N. Fujishima-Kanaya, A. Mikawa, N. Okumura, M. Tanaka-Matsuda, K. Kurita, H. Sasaki, K. Kamiya, A. Kikuta, T. Bito and N. Fujitsuka. We acknowledge support from the USDA CSREES/NIFA Swine Genome Coordination Program, College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois; College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Iowa State University; North Carolina Agricultural Research Service; USA National Pork Board; Iowa Pork Producers Association; North Carolina Pork Council; Danish government; TOPIGS Research Center IPG The Netherlands; INRA Genescope, France; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute and BGI. We are grateful to the genome team at NCBI for their assistance in checking the Sscrofa 10.2 assembly and for their independent annotation of the sequence. This project was also partially supported by grants: BBSRC grants (Ensembl): BB/E010520/1, BB/E010520/2, BB/I025328/1; EC FP6 'Cutting edge genomics for sustainable animal breeding (SABRE)'; EC FP7 'Quantomics'; C. J. Martin Overseas Based Biomedical Fellowship from the Australian NHMRC (575585); BBSRC (BB/H005935/1); Next-Generation BioGreen 21 Program (PJ009019, PJ0081162012), RDA, Republic of Korea; Consolider programme from Ministry of Research (Spain); NIH R13 RR020283A; NIH R13 RR032267A; ILLU 535-314; ILLU 538-379; ILLU-538-312; ILLU-538-34; CSREES, NIFA for funding genome coordination activities; NIH grant 5 P41LM006252; MAFF grants (IRPPIAUGT-AG 1101/1201); USDA-NRI-2009-35205-05192; USDA-NRSP8 Bioinformatics Coordination and Pig Genome Coordination funds; US-UK Fulbright Commission; Next-Generation BioGreen 21 (no. PJ0080892011) Program, RDA, Republic of Korea; USDA-ARS Project Plan 1235-51000-055-00D; USDA-ARS Project Plan 1265-32000-098-00D; USDA-NRI-2006-35204-17337 USDA AFRI NIFA/DHS 2010-39559-21860; NIH P20-RR017686; USDA ARS; USDA-NRSP8 Bioinformatics; USDA ARS Beltsville Area Summer Undergraduate Fellowships; BBSRC grant BB/G004013/1; NSFC Outstanding Youth grant (31025026); The Swedish Research Council FORMAS; The Swedish Wenner-Gren Foundations; European Commission FP6 funded project LSHB-CT-2006-037377; BioGreen21, RDA grant PJ00622901; BioGreen21, RDA grant PJ00622902; BioGreen21, RDA grant PJ00622903; BioGreen21, RDA grant PJ00622903. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC grant agreement no.; 249894 (SelSweep); NIH P20-RR017686; NIH NIDA P30 DA018310; NIH NIDA R21 DA027548; NIAS, RDA grant PJ001758; BioGreen21, RDA grant PJ006229; NIAS, RDA grant 20040301034467; ANR grant ANR07-GANI-001 DeliSus; Danish funding agencies: FTP/DFF (09-066598); DSF/Strategic Growth Technologies (09-067036); the Lundbeck foundation (374/06); DCSC (Scientific Computing); The Funds for International Cooperation from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China 2002AA229061; PL-Grid project: POIG.02.03.00-00-007/08-00 'Genome Assembly'; USDA-NIFA-CREES AG 2006-35216-16668; AG 2002-34480-11828; AG 2003-34480-13172; AG 2004-34480-14417; AG 2005-34480-15939; AG 2006-34480-17150; AG 2008-34480-19328; AG 2009-34480-19875; AG 2002-35205-12712; somatic cell genomics: Integrating QTL Discovery and Validation; AG 2008-35205-18769; AG 2009-65205-05642; AG 2004-3881-02193; AG 2011-67015-30229; AG 58-5438-2-313; AG 58-5438-7-317; and AG 58-0208-7-149; NIH grant 5 P41 LM006252. NR 45 TC 398 Z9 413 U1 22 U2 240 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD NOV 15 PY 2012 VL 491 IS 7424 BP 393 EP 398 DI 10.1038/nature11622 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 036MY UT WOS:000311031600036 PM 23151582 ER PT J AU Cardoso, F Shelton, D Sadeghi, A Shirmohammadi, A Pachepsky, Y Dulaney, W AF Cardoso, Fatima Shelton, Daniel Sadeghi, Ali Shirmohammadi, Adel Pachepsky, Yakov Dulaney, Wayne TI Effectiveness of vegetated filter strips in retention of Escherichia coli and Salmonella from swine manure slurry SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Vegetative filter strips (VFS); Lysimeter; Escherichia Coli; Miniflumes; Salmonella; Runoff ID OVERLAND-FLOW; RAINFALL SIMULATOR; RUNOFF; TRANSPORT; BACTERIA; WATER; INFILTRATION; QUALITY; SOIL AB Vegetated filter strips (VFS) are commonly recommended as a best management practice to prevent manure-borne microorganisms from reaching surface water resources. However, relatively little is known about the efficacy of VFS in mitigating bacterial runoff from land-applied swine manure. A field lysimeter study was designed to evaluate the effect of surface soil hydrologic conditions and vegetation on the retention of swine manure-borne Escherichia coli and Salmonella under simulated rainfall conditions. Experimental plots (6.5 m x 3.9 m) were set on a 5% slope lysimeter with loamy topsoil, clay loam or loam subsoil and a controllable groundwater level. Three small flow-intercepting miniflumes were installed 4.5 m from the plot's top, while all remaining runoff was collected in a gutter at the bottom. Plots were divided into bare soil and grass vegetation and upper surface soil moisture before rainfall events was controlled by the subsurface groundwater level. Swine manure slurry inoculated with E. coli and Salmonella, and with added bromide tracer, was applied on the top of the plots and simultaneously initiated the simulated rainfall. Runoff was collected and analyzed every 5 min. No substantial differences between retention of E. coli and Salmonella were found. In initially wet soil surface conditions, there was limited infiltration both in bare and in vegetated plots; almost all bromide and about 30% of bacteria were recovered in runoff water. In initially dry soil surface conditions, there were substantial discrepancies between bare and vegetated plots. In bare plots, recoveries of runoff water, bromide and bacteria under dry conditions were comparable to wet conditions. However, in dry vegetated plots, from 50% to 75% of water was lost to infiltration, while bromide recoveries ranged from 14 to 36% and bacteria recovery was only 5%. Substantial intraplot heterogeneity was revealed by the data from miniflumes. GIS analysis of the plot microtopography showed that miniflumes located in the zones of flow convergence collected the majority of bacteria. Overall, the efficiency of VFS, with respect to the retention of swine manure bacteria, varied dramatically depending upon the hydrologic soil surface condition. Consequently, VFS recommendations should account for expected amounts of surface soil water saturation as well as the relative soil water storage capacity of the VFS. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Sadeghi, Ali; Dulaney, Wayne] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Cardoso, Fatima; Shirmohammadi, Adel] Univ Maryland, Coll Agr & Nat Resources, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Shelton, Daniel; Pachepsky, Yakov] USDA ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Sadeghi, A (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Ali.Sadeghi@ars.usda.gov OI Pachepsky, Yakov/0000-0003-0232-6090 NR 27 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 20 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD NOV 15 PY 2012 VL 110 BP 1 EP 7 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.05.012 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 015ZK UT WOS:000309486700001 PM 22705854 ER PT J AU Miguel, RE Ippolito, JA Leytem, AB Porta, AA Noriega, RBB Dungan, RS AF Miguel, Roberto E. Ippolito, James A. Leytem, April B. Porta, Atilio A. Banda Noriega, Roxana B. Dungan, Robert S. TI Analysis of total metals in waste molding and core sands from ferrous and non-ferrous foundries SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Beneficial use; Binder; Core; Foundry; Metals; Molding sand ID PYROLYSIS AB Waste molding and core sands from the foundry industry are successfully being used around the world in geotechnical and soil-related applications. Although waste foundry sands (WFSs) are generally not hazardous in nature, relevant data is currently not available in Argentina. This study aimed to quantify metals in waste molding and core sands from foundries using a variety of metal-binder combinations. Metal concentrations in WFSs were compared to those in virgin silica sands (VSSs), surface soils and soil guidance levels. A total analysis for Ag, Al, Ba, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Te, Tl, V, and Zn was conducted on 96 WFSs and 14 VSSs collected from 17 small and medium-sized foundries. The majority of WFSs analyzed, regardless of metal cast and binder type, contained metal concentrations similar to those found in VSSs and native soils. In several cases where alkyd urethane binder was used, Co and Pb concentrations were elevated in the waste sands. Elevated Cr, Mo, Ni, and Tl concentrations associated with VSSs should not be an issue since these metals are bound within the silica sand matrix. Because of the naturally low metal concentrations found in most WFSs examined in this study, they should not be considered hazardous waste, thus making them available for encapsulated and unencapsulated beneficial use applications. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Ippolito, James A.; Leytem, April B.; Dungan, Robert S.] USDA ARS, NW Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. [Miguel, Roberto E.; Banda Noriega, Roxana B.] Univ Nacl Ctr Prov Buenos Aires, Ctr Invest & Estudios Ambientales, Becario CONICET, RA-7000 Tandil, Bs As, Argentina. [Porta, Atilio A.] Univ Nacl La Plata, Lab Ingn Sanitaria, RA-1900 La Plata, Bs As, Argentina. RP Dungan, RS (reprint author), USDA ARS, NW Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, 3793 North,3600 East, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. EM robert.dungan@ars.usda.gov NR 32 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD NOV 15 PY 2012 VL 110 BP 77 EP 81 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.05.025 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 015ZK UT WOS:000309486700009 PM 22738693 ER PT J AU Drake, JE Oishi, AC Giasson, MA Oren, R Johnsen, KH Finzi, AC AF Drake, J. E. Oishi, A. C. Giasson, M. -A. Oren, R. Johnsen, K. H. Finzi, A. C. TI Trenching reduces soil heterotrophic activity in a loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) forest exposed to elevated atmospheric [CO2] and N fertilization SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Elevated carbon dioxide; Nitrogen fertilization; Trenching; Priming; Root respiration; Heterotrophic respiration ID CARBON-DIOXIDE ENRICHMENT; FINE-ROOT PRODUCTION; WARM-TEMPERATE FOREST; ORGANIC-MATTER; NITROGEN AVAILABILITY; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; SEASONAL-VARIATION; MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; RESPIRATION; ECOSYSTEM AB Forests return large quantities of C to the atmosphere through soil respiration (R-soil), which is often conceptually separated into autotrophic C respired by living roots (R-root) and heterotrophic decomposition (R-het) of soil organic matter (SOM). Live roots provide C sources for microbial metabolism via exudation, allocation to fungal associates, sloughed-off cells, and secretions such as mucilage production, suggesting a coupling between the activity of roots and heterotrophs. We addressed the strength of root effects on the activity of microbes and exo-enzymes by removing live-root-C inputs to areas of soil with a trenching experiment. We examined the extent to which trenching affected metrics of soil heterotrophic activity (proteolytic enzyme activity, microbial respiration, potential net N mineralization and nitrification, and exo-enzyme activities) in a forest exposed to elevated atmospheric [CO2] and N fertilization, and used automated measurements of R-soil in trenched and un-trenched plots to estimate R-root and R-het components. Trenching decreased many metrics of heterotrophic activity and increased net N mineralization and nitrification, suggesting that the removal of root-C inputs reduced R-het by exacerbating microbial C limitation and stimulating waste-N excretion. This trenching effect was muted by N fertilization alone but not when N fertilization was combined with elevated CO2, consistent with known patterns of below-ground C allocation at this site. Live-root-C inputs to soils and heterotrophic activity are tightly coupled, so root severing techniques like trenching are not likely to achieve robust quantitative estimates of Rroot or R-het. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Drake, J. E.; Giasson, M. -A.; Finzi, A. C.] Boston Univ, Dept Biol, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Oishi, A. C.; Oren, R.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Oren, R.] Swedish Univ Agr Sci SLU, Dept Forest Ecol & Management, SE-90183 Umea, Sweden. [Johnsen, K. H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RP Drake, JE (reprint author), Boston Univ, Dept Biol, 5 Cummington St, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM jedrake@bu.edu RI Drake, John/N-8490-2014; Finzi, Adrien/A-7017-2016 OI Drake, John/0000-0003-4274-4780; Finzi, Adrien/0000-0003-2220-4533 FU Office of Science (BER), US Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-FG02-95ER62083]; Southeast Regional Center (SERC) of the National Institute for Global Environmental Change (NIGEC) [DE-FC02-03ER63613]; DOE (BER) grant [DE-FG02-04ERG384]; Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) [2008-35107-04500]; National Science Foundation [DEB-0236356] FX We gratefully acknowledge Robert Nettles and George Hendrey (Brookhaven National Laboratory) for operation of the Duke FACE experiment, as well as Jeffery Pippen (Duke University) and Judd Edeburn (Duke Forest) for logistical support. Chris Black (University of Illinois) provided helpful comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. We thank Winston MacDonald (Boston University) for his help in collecting and processing soil samples. We are grateful to the United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Southern Research Station Laboratory for the design of the ACES soil respiration system. We thank members of the Triangle Residential Opportunities for Substance Abusers for digging the trenches. This research was supported by the Office of Science (BER), US Department of Energy (DOE) grant no. DE-FG02-95ER62083 and through its Southeast Regional Center (SERC) of the National Institute for Global Environmental Change (NIGEC) under cooperative agreement no. DE-FC02-03ER63613. Additional support was provided by DOE (BER) grant no. DE-FG02-04ERG384, the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant #2008-35107-04500 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA), and the National Science Foundation (DEB-0236356). NR 81 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 7 U2 116 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1923 J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL JI Agric. For. Meteorol. PD NOV 15 PY 2012 VL 165 BP 43 EP 52 DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2012.05.017 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 013NT UT WOS:000309312800005 ER PT J AU Yu, DN Danku, JMC Baxter, I Kim, S Vatamaniuk, OK Vitek, O Ouzzani, M Salt, DE AF Yu, Danni Danku, John M. C. Baxter, Ivan Kim, Sungjin Vatamaniuk, Olena K. Vitek, Olga Ouzzani, Mourad Salt, David E. TI High-resolution genome-wide scan of genes, gene-networks and cellular systems impacting the yeast ionome SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Ionome; Yeast; Clustering; Network analysis; Mitochondria; Vacuole; ESCRT; Genome-wide; ICP-MS; Ionomics ID SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; CALCIUM HOMEOSTASIS; COPPER TRANSPORT; PROTEIN-KINASE; IRON UPTAKE; CROSS-TALK; CELLS; MITOCHONDRIA; CTR1P; DEGRADATION AB Background: To balance the demand for uptake of essential elements with their potential toxicity living cells have complex regulatory mechanisms. Here, we describe a genome-wide screen to identify genes that impact the elemental composition ('ionome') of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Using inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) we quantify Ca, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, P, S and Zn in 11890 mutant strains, including 4940 haploid and 1127 diploid deletion strains, and 5798 over expression strains. Results: We identified 1065 strains with an altered ionome, including 584 haploid and 35 diploid deletion strains, and 446 over expression strains. Disruption of protein metabolism or trafficking has the highest likelihood of causing large ionomic changes, with gene dosage also being important. Gene over expression produced more extreme ionomic changes, but over expression and loss of function phenotypes are generally not related. Ionomic clustering revealed the existence of only a small number of possible ionomic profiles suggesting fitness tradeoffs that constrain the ionome. Clustering also identified important roles for the mitochondria, vacuole and ESCRT pathway in regulation of the ionome. Network analysis identified hub genes such as PMR1 in Mn homeostasis, novel members of ionomic networks such as SMF3 in vacuolar retrieval of Mn, and cross-talk between the mitochondria and the vacuole. All yeast ionomic data can be searched and downloaded at www.ionomicshub.org. Conclusions: Here, we demonstrate the power of high-throughput ICP-MS analysis to functionally dissect the ionome on a genome-wide scale. The information this reveals has the potential to benefit both human health and agriculture. C1 [Yu, Danni; Vitek, Olga] Purdue Univ, Dept Stat, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Danku, John M. C.; Salt, David E.] Univ Aberdeen, Inst Biol & Environm Sci, Aberdeen AB9 1FX, Scotland. [Baxter, Ivan] USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, Donald Danforth Plant Sci Ctr, St Louis, MO USA. [Kim, Sungjin; Vatamaniuk, Olena K.] Cornell Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Ithaca, NY USA. [Vitek, Olga] Purdue Univ, Dept Comp Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Ouzzani, Mourad] Purdue Univ, Cyber Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Salt, DE (reprint author), Univ Aberdeen, Inst Biol & Environm Sci, Aberdeen AB9 1FX, Scotland. EM david.salt@abdn.ac.uk RI Danku, John/C-3477-2014; Baxter, Ivan/A-1052-2009 OI Danku, John/0000-0002-5103-3852; Baxter, Ivan/0000-0001-6680-1722 FU National Institutes of Health [4 R33 DK070290-02]; National Science Foundation Advanced Biological Infrastructure award [0953433]; National Science Foundation Plant Genome Research Program award [0701119] FX We are grateful to Tony Hazbun for supplying the stock yeasts for the knockout collection used in this work and his helpful discussion concerning growing of the yeast, and we thank the Purdue University Discovery Park Cyber Center for help developing the iHUB yeast database. This study was supported by the National Institutes of Health award number 4 R33 DK070290-02 the National Science Foundation Advanced Biological Infrastructure award number 0953433 and the National Science Foundation Plant Genome Research Program award number 0701119. NR 49 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 14 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD NOV 14 PY 2012 VL 13 AR 623 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-13-623 PG 25 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 160HV UT WOS:000320110700001 PM 23151179 ER PT J AU Hain, CR Crow, WT Anderson, MC Mecikalski, JR AF Hain, Christopher R. Crow, Wade T. Anderson, Martha C. Mecikalski, John R. TI An ensemble Kalman filter dual assimilation of thermal infrared and microwave satellite observations of soil moisture into the Noah land surface model SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID POLARIZATION DIFFERENCE INDEX; VEGETATION OPTICAL DEPTH; PART I; INFORMATION-SYSTEM; WATER-CONTENT; TEMPERATURE; RETRIEVAL; METHODOLOGY; PROXY; IMPLEMENTATION AB Studies that have assimilated remotely sensed soil moisture (SM) into land surface models (LSMs) have generally focused on retrievals from microwave (MW) sensors. However, retrievals from thermal infrared (TIR) sensors have also been shown to add unique information, especially where MW sensors are not able to provide accurate retrievals (due to, e. g., dense vegetation). In this study, we examine the assimilation of a TIR product based on surface evaporative flux estimates from the Atmosphere Land Exchange Inverse (ALEXI) model and the MW-based VU Amsterdam NASA surface SM product generated with the Land Parameter Retrieval Model (LPRM). A set of data assimilation experiments using an ensemble Kalman filter are performed over the contiguous United States to assess the impact of assimilating ALEXI and LPRM SM retrievals in isolation and together in a dual-assimilation case. The relative skill of each assimilation case is assessed through a data denial approach where a LSM is forced with an inferior precipitation data set. The ability of each assimilation case to correct for precipitation errors is quantified by comparing with a simulation forced with a higher-quality precipitation data set. All three assimilation cases (ALEXI, LPRM, and Dual assimilation) show relative improvements versus the open loop (i.e., reduced RMSD) for surface and root zone SM. In the surface zone, the dual assimilation case provides the largest improvements, followed by the LPRM case. However, the ALEXI case performs best in the root zone. Results from the data denial experiment are supported by comparisons between assimilation results and ground-based SM observations from the Soil Climate Analysis Network. C1 [Hain, Christopher R.] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Crow, Wade T.; Anderson, Martha C.] USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Mecikalski, John R.] Univ Alabama Huntsville, Dept Atmospher Sci, Huntsville, AL USA. RP Hain, CR (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM chris.hain@noaa.gov RI Hain, Christopher/G-3512-2012; Anderson, Martha/C-1720-2015 OI Hain, Christopher/0000-0002-0093-6816; Anderson, Martha/0000-0003-0748-5525 FU NASA Terrestrial Hydrology Program [NNX06AG07G]; NOAA [OAR-CPO-2009-2001430, OAR-CPO-2011-2002561] FX This work was supported by a grant from the NASA Terrestrial Hydrology Program (NNX06AG07G) and NOAA grants OAR-CPO-2009-2001430 and OAR-CPO-2011-2002561. We wish to thank four anonymous reviewers for helping to significantly improve the quality of the manuscript. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 65 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 5 U2 32 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 EI 1944-7973 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD NOV 14 PY 2012 VL 48 AR W11517 DI 10.1029/2011WR011268 PG 21 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 039AZ UT WOS:000311216500001 ER PT J AU Zhang, HY Wang, HY Dai, ZJ Chen, MS Yuan, ZM AF Zhang, Hongyan Wang, Haiyan Dai, Zhijun Chen, Ming-shun Yuan, Zheming TI Improving accuracy for cancer classification with a new algorithm for genes selection SO BMC BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article ID RANDOM SUBSPACE METHOD; MICROARRAY DATA; PROSTATE-CANCER; LUNG-CANCER; EXPRESSION PROFILES; COLORECTAL-CANCER; SVM-RFE; TUMOR; PREDICTION; REDUNDANCY AB Background: Even though the classification of cancer tissue samples based on gene expression data has advanced considerably in recent years, it faces great challenges to improve accuracy. One of the challenges is to establish an effective method that can select a parsimonious set of relevant genes. So far, most methods for gene selection in literature focus on screening individual or pairs of genes without considering the possible interactions among genes. Here we introduce a new computational method named the Binary Matrix Shuffling Filter (BMSF). It not only overcomes the difficulty associated with the search schemes of traditional wrapper methods and overfitting problem in large dimensional search space but also takes potential gene interactions into account during gene selection. This method, coupled with Support Vector Machine (SVM) for implementation, often selects very small number of genes for easy model interpretability. Results: We applied our method to 9 two-class gene expression datasets involving human cancers. During the gene selection process, the set of genes to be kept in the model was recursively refined and repeatedly updated according to the effect of a given gene on the contributions of other genes in reference to their usefulness in cancer classification. The small number of informative genes selected from each dataset leads to significantly improved leave-one-out (LOOCV) classification accuracy across all 9 datasets for multiple classifiers. Our method also exhibits broad generalization in the genes selected since multiple commonly used classifiers achieved either equivalent or much higher LOOCV accuracy than those reported in literature. Conclusions: Evaluation of a gene's contribution to binary cancer classification is better to be considered after adjusting for the joint effect of a large number of other genes. A computationally efficient search scheme was provided to perform effective search in the extensive feature space that includes possible interactions of many genes. Performance of the algorithm applied to 9 datasets suggests that it is possible to improve the accuracy of cancer classification by a big margin when joint effects of many genes are considered. C1 [Zhang, Hongyan; Dai, Zhijun; Yuan, Zheming] Hunan Prov Key Lab Crop Germplasm Innovat & Utili, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Hongyan; Dai, Zhijun; Yuan, Zheming] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Biosafety Sci & Technol, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China. [Wang, Haiyan] Kansas State Univ, Dept Stat, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Chen, Ming-shun] Kansas State Univ, USDA ARS, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Chen, Ming-shun] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Zhang, Hongyan] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Informat Sci & Technol, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China. RP Wang, HY (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Stat, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM hwang@ksu.edu; zhmyuan@sina.com FU Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Hunan Province, China [10JJ1005]; Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China [200805370002]; Hunan Provincial Education Department [11C0654]; Simons Foundation [246077] FX The research was supported by a grant from the Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Hunan Province, China (No. 10JJ1005) to ZY, the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (No. 200805370002) to ZY, and the Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department (No. 11C0654) to HZ, and a grant from the Simons Foundation to HW (#246077). We appreciate the thorough reading and constructive comments given by the reviewers that have significantly improved the manuscript. NR 54 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 24 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2105 J9 BMC BIOINFORMATICS JI BMC Bioinformatics PD NOV 13 PY 2012 VL 13 AR 298 DI 10.1186/1471-2105-13-298 PG 20 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 081RF UT WOS:000314339300001 PM 23148517 ER PT J AU Ingram, KK Kutowoi, A Wurm, Y Shoemaker, D Meier, R Bloch, G AF Ingram, Krista K. Kutowoi, Alexander Wurm, Yannick Shoemaker, DeWayne Meier, Rudolf Bloch, Guy TI The Molecular Clockwork of the Fire Ant Solenopsis invicta SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID DIVISION-OF-LABOR; CIRCADIAN-CLOCK; HONEY-BEE; TRANSCRIPTIONAL REPRESSOR; PERIOD EXPRESSION; PROTEIN FAMILIES; GENE DUPLICATION; APIS-MELLIFERA; TASK DECISIONS; SOCIAL INSECTS AB The circadian clock is a core molecular mechanism that allows organisms to anticipate daily environmental changes and adapt the timing of behaviors to maximize efficiency. In social insects, the ability to maintain the appropriate temporal order is thought to improve colony efficiency and fitness. We used the newly sequenced fire ant (Solenopsis invicta) genome to characterize the first ant circadian clock. Our results reveal that the fire ant clock is similar to the clock of the honeybee, a social insect with an independent evolutionary origin of sociality. Gene trees for the eight core clock genes, period, cycle, clock, cryptochrome-m, timeout, vrille, par domain protein 1 & clockwork orange, show ant species grouping closely with honeybees and Nasonia wasps as an outgroup to the social Hymenoptera. Expression patterns for these genes suggest that the ant clock functions similar to the honeybee clock, with period and cry-m mRNA levels increasing during the night and cycle and clockwork orange mRNAs cycling approximately anti-phase to period. Gene models for five of these genes also parallel honeybee models. In particular, the single ant cryptochrome is an ortholog of the mammalian-type (cry-m), rather than Drosophila-like protein (cry-d). Additionally, we find a conserved VPIFAL C-tail region in clockwork orange shared by insects but absent in vertebrates. Overall, our characterization of the ant clock demonstrates that two social insect lineages, ants and bees, share a similar, mammalian-like circadian clock. This study represents the first characterization of clock genes in an ant and is a key step towards understanding socially-regulated plasticity in circadian rhythms by facilitating comparative studies on the organization of circadian clockwork. C1 [Ingram, Krista K.] Colgate Univ, Dept Biol, Hamilton, NY 13346 USA. [Kutowoi, Alexander] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, A Silberman Inst Life Sci, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, Jerusalem, Israel. [Wurm, Yannick] Univ Lausanne, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Lausanne, Switzerland. [Wurm, Yannick] Univ London, Sch Biol & Chem Sci, London, England. [Shoemaker, DeWayne] USDA, ARS, Gainesville, FL USA. [Meier, Rudolf] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Biol Sci, Singapore 117548, Singapore. RP Ingram, KK (reprint author), Colgate Univ, Dept Biol, Hamilton, NY 13346 USA. EM kingram@colgate.edu RI Meier, Rudolf/A-7099-2011; Wurm, Yannick/A-9525-2009; OI Meier, Rudolf/0000-0002-4452-2885; Wurm, Yannick/0000-0002-3140-2809; Bloch, Guy/0000-0003-1624-4926 FU Picker Interdisciplinary Science Research Grant; National Science Foundation Integrative Organismal Systems (NSF-IOS) Facilitating Research at Primarily Undergraduate Institutions (RUI) grant [IOS-1021723]; ERC Advanced Grant FX This work was supported by a Picker Interdisciplinary Science Research Grant to KKI and a National Science Foundation Integrative Organismal Systems (NSF-IOS) Facilitating Research at Primarily Undergraduate Institutions (RUI) grant to KKI (IOS-1021723). YW was supported by an ERC Advanced Grant to L. Keller. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 58 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 38 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 13 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 11 AR e45715 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0045715 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 039HF UT WOS:000311234600002 PM 23152747 ER PT J AU Daniel, TC Muhar, A Aznar, O Boyd, JW Chan, KMA Costanza, R Flint, CG Gobster, PH Gret-Regamey, A Penker, M Ribe, RG Spierenburg, M AF Daniel, Terry C. Muhar, Andreas Aznar, Olivier Boyd, James W. Chan, Kai M. A. Costanza, Robert Flint, Courtney G. Gobster, Paul H. Gret-Regamey, Adrienne Penker, Marianne Ribe, Robert G. Spierenburg, Marja TI Reply to Kirchhoff: Cultural values and ecosystem services SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Letter C1 [Daniel, Terry C.] Univ Arizona, Dept Psychol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Daniel, Terry C.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Muhar, Andreas; Penker, Marianne] Univ Nat Resources & Life Sci, Dept Landscape Spatial & Infrastructure Sci, A-1190 Vienna, Austria. [Aznar, Olivier] Natl Res Inst Sci & Technol Environm & Agr, F-63172 Clermont Ferrand, Aubiere, France. [Boyd, James W.] Resources Future Inc, Washington, DC 20036 USA. [Chan, Kai M. A.] Univ British Columbia, Inst Resources Environm & Sustainabil, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [Costanza, Robert] Portland State Univ, Inst Sustainable Solut, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Flint, Courtney G.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Gobster, Paul H.] USDA, Forest Serv, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. [Gret-Regamey, Adrienne] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Dept Civil Environm & Geomat Engn, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. [Ribe, Robert G.] Univ Oregon, Inst Sustainable Environm, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Spierenburg, Marja] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, FSW Dept Org Studies, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Daniel, TC (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Psychol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM tdaniel@u.arizona.edu RI Gobster, Paul/A-2826-2013; Spierenburg, Marja/F-8812-2013; Costanza, Robert/A-4912-2008; OI Gobster, Paul/0000-0002-8576-0310; Costanza, Robert/0000-0001-6348-8734; Muhar, Andreas/0000-0001-7623-5859; Penker, Marianne/0000-0002-5185-9558 NR 2 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 69 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD NOV 13 PY 2012 VL 109 IS 46 BP E3147 EP E3147 DI 10.1073/pnas.1213520109 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 043UY UT WOS:000311576300002 ER PT J AU Gallo, EL Lohse, KA Brooks, PD McIntosh, JC Meixner, T McLain, JET AF Gallo, Erika L. Lohse, Kathleen A. Brooks, Paul D. McIntosh, Jennifer C. Meixner, Thomas McLain, Jean E. T. TI Quantifying the effects of stream channels on storm water quality in a semi-arid urban environment SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Urban; Runoff quality; Nitrogen; Carbon; Ephemeral stream; Stream channel ID POLLUTANT REMOVAL; UNITED-STATES; HOT MOMENTS; EVAPORATION; ISOTOPES; SURFACE; SOILS; RIVER; O-18; PRECIPITATION AB Stormwater drainage systems can have a large effect on urban runoff quality, but it is unclear how ephemeral urban streams alter runoff hydrochemistry. This problem is particularly relevant in semi-arid regions, where urban storm runoff is considered a renewable water resource. Here we address the question: how do stream channels alter urban runoff hydrochemistry? We collected synoptic stormwater samples during three rainfall-runoff events from nine ephemeral streams reaches (three concrete or metal, three grass, three gravel) in Tucson, Arizona. We identified patterns of temporal and spatial (longitudinal) variability in concentrations of conservative (chloride and isotopes of water) and reactive solutes (inorganic-N, soluble reactive phosphorous, sulfate-S, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrogen, and fecal indicator bacteria). Water isotopes and chloride (Cl) concentrations indicate that solute flushing and evapoconcentration alter temporal patterns in runoff hydrochemistry, but not spatial hydrochemical responses. Solute concentrations and stream channel solute sourcing and retention during runoff were significantly more variable at the grass reaches (CV = 2.3 - 144%) than at the concrete or metal (CV = 1.6 - 107%) or gravel reaches (CV = 1.9 - 60%), which functioned like flow-through systems. Stream channel soil Cl and DOC decreased following a runoff event (Cl: 12.1-7.3 mu g g(-1) soil; DOC: 87.7-30.1 mu g g(-1) soil), while soil fecal indicator bacteria counts increased (55-215 CFU g(-1) soil). Finding from this study suggest that the characteristics of the ephemeral stream channel substrate control biogeochemical reactions between runoff events, which alter stream channel soil solute stores and the hydrochemistry of subsequent runoff events. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Gallo, Erika L.; Brooks, Paul D.; McIntosh, Jennifer C.; Meixner, Thomas] Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Lohse, Kathleen A.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [McLain, Jean E. T.] USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. RP Gallo, EL (reprint author), Idaho State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. EM elgallo@email.arizona.edu; klohse@isu.edu; brooks@hwr.arizona.edu; mcintosh@hwr.arizona.edu; tmeixner@hwr.arizona.edu; jmclain@cals.arizona.edu FU University of Arizona, Technology and Research Initiative Fund, through the Water Sustainability Program; TRIF-Center Directed Funds; Lohse Start up funds; NSF [DEB 0918373, 1063362]; National Science Foundation [EPS-0814387]; USDA-ARS National Program, Water Availability and Watershed Management [211] FX This work was supported by the University of Arizona, Technology and Research Initiative Fund, through the Water Sustainability Program, TRIF-Center Directed Funds, Lohse Start up funds, and NSF DEB 0918373, 1063362. Dr. Kathleen Lohse, now at Idaho State University, was supported by the National Science Foundation under award number EPS-0814387. The microbial work was funded, in part, by the USDA-ARS National Program #211, Water Availability and Watershed Management. We thank Margaret Snyder, Navid Dejwakh, and Daniel Wisheropp for assistance with soil and storm runoff collections and analyses. We thank City of Tucson, Pima County and project volunteers for their input, support and cooperation; and we thank the blind reviewers and journal editor for their feedback which improved the quality of this manuscript. NR 69 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 50 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD NOV 12 PY 2012 VL 470 BP 98 EP 110 DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2012.08.047 PG 13 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 059EC UT WOS:000312686200009 ER PT J AU Nicholson, TL Conover, MS Deora, R AF Nicholson, Tracy L. Conover, Matt S. Deora, Rajendar TI Transcriptome Profiling Reveals Stage-Specific Production and Requirement of Flagella during Biofilm Development in Bordetella bronchiseptica SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID VIRULENCE CONTROL-SYSTEM; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; BPS POLYSACCHARIDE; RESPIRATORY-INFECTION; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; BACTERIAL BIOFILMS; ATROPHIC RHINITIS; PERTUSSIS; EXPRESSION; LOCUS AB We have used microarray analysis to study the transcriptome of the bacterial pathogen Bordetella bronchiseptica over the course of five time points representing distinct stages of biofilm development. The results suggest that B. bronchiseptica undergoes a coordinately regulated gene expression program similar to a bacterial developmental process. Expression and subsequent production of the genes encoding flagella, a classical Bvg(-) phase phenotype, occurs and is under tight regulatory control during B. bronchiseptica biofilm development. Using mutational analysis, we demonstrate that flagella production at the appropriate stage of biofilm development, i.e. production early subsequently followed by repression, is required for robust biofilm formation and maturation. We also demonstrate that flagella are necessary and enhance the initial cell-surface interactions, thereby providing mechanistic information on the initial stages of biofilm development for B. bronchiseptica. Biofilm formation by B. bronchiseptica involves the production of both Bvg- activated and Bvg- repressed factors followed by the repression of factors that inhibit formation of mature biofilms. C1 [Nicholson, Tracy L.] USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Agr Res Serv, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Conover, Matt S.; Deora, Rajendar] Wake Forest Univ Hlth Sci, Program Mol Genet, Winston Salem, NC USA. [Deora, Rajendar] Wake Forest Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Winston Salem, NC USA. RP Nicholson, TL (reprint author), USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Agr Res Serv, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM tracy.nicholson@ars.usda.gov; rdeora@wakehealth.edu FU National Institutes of Health (NIH) [1R01AI075081]; NIH [T32 AI07401] FX Research in the laboratory of R.D. is supported National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant 1R01AI075081. M.C. was supported by an NIH predoctoral training grant (T32 AI07401). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 61 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 18 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 12 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 11 AR e49166 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0049166 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 039HA UT WOS:000311234000053 PM 23152870 ER PT J AU Albrecht, U Bowman, KD AF Albrecht, Ute Bowman, Kim D. TI Tolerance of trifoliate citrus rootstock hybrids to Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus SO SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Article DE Citrus disease; Citrus greening; Disease resistance; Poncirus trifoliata; Rootstock ID GREENING-DISEASE; L. RAF.; SINENSIS; AMERICANUS; INFECTION; BACTERIUM; FLORIDA AB Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (Las) is the suspected causal agent of Huanglongbing (HLB) in Florida and other citrus producing countries around the world. Although little resistance to HLB is found within commercial citrus varieties, tolerance has been reported for some varieties that are commonly used as rootstocks. This study assesses the response of eight different rootstock varieties, which include the Citrus x Poncirus trifoliata hybrids Carrizo citrange, US-802, US-812, US-897, and US-942, Benecke trifoliate orange. Volkamer lemon, and Cleopatra mandarin, to Las under controlled conditions in the greenhouse. The percentage of plants detected positive for Las did not exceed 7% in the genotypes Benecke, Carrizo, US-802, US-942, and Volkamer during the first 6 months after graft-inoculation (mai). Pruning resulted in much increased numbers of plants with detectable Las levels and induced disease symptoms in previously asymptomatic plants. At 12 mai, percentages of Las-positive plants were 91-96% for US-802, US-812, Cleopatra, and Volkamer, and 70-78% for US-897 and US-942. Lowest percentages (44-52%) were observed for Benecke and Carrizo. The number of Las genomes per g of leaf tissue in Las-positive plants was considerably lower in Benecke and US-897 seedlings with 4.5 x 10(5) and 1.6 x 10(6) compared with Cleopatra (1.0 x 10(7)), while numbers for the other genotypes ranged from 3.1-4.9 x 10(6). At 12 mai, foliar disease symptoms, though variable in extent, were prominent in most genotypes, except US-897. Shoot masses were significantly reduced in Cleopatra, Benecke, US-802. and Volkamer seedlings in response to Las at this time. Continued observation until 18 mai found no significant growl h reductions in Benecke seedlings. Our results suggest classifying Carrizo. US-897, and US-942 as tolerant, US-802, US-812, and Volkamer lemon as moderately tolerant, and Cleopatra mandarin as susceptible to Las. Despite irregular growth, low rates of infection and low Las numbers indicate some resistance of Benecke to Las. Additional greenhouse experiments and field observations confirmed findings for US-802, US-897, US-942, and Cleopatra, although results for 05-802 were more variable. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Albrecht, Ute; Bowman, Kim D.] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Bowman, KD (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, 2001 S Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM kim.bowman@ars.usda.gov FU Florida Citrus Production Research Advisory Council; Florida Citrus Research and Development Foundation FX We thank Lynn Faulkner, Kerry-Shea Worton and Emily Domagtoy, for excellent technical assistance and Dr. Jude Grosser and Dr. Randy Niedz for suggestions and review of the manuscript. We are grateful to Dr. Greg McCollum for providing the Las standard curve and valuable discussions of Ct-values. This research was supported in part by grants from the Florida Citrus Production Research Advisory Council and the Florida Citrus Research and Development Foundation. Mention of a trademark, warranty, proprietary product, or vendor does not imply an approval to the exclusion of other products or vendors that also may be suitable. NR 41 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 43 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4238 J9 SCI HORTIC-AMSTERDAM JI Sci. Hortic. PD NOV 12 PY 2012 VL 147 BP 71 EP 80 DI 10.1016/j.scienta.2012.08.036 PG 10 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 044UI UT WOS:000311648800010 ER PT J AU Cao, Y Tang, XF Giovannoni, J Xiao, FM Liu, YS AF Cao, Ying Tang, Xiaofeng Giovannoni, Jim Xiao, Fangming Liu, Yongsheng TI Functional characterization of a tomato COBRA-like gene functioning in fruit development and ripening SO BMC PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PECTIN METHYLESTERASE GENE; ROOT-HAIR MORPHOGENESIS; GPI-ANCHORED PROTEINS; PLANT-CELL WALL; LYCOPERSICON-ESCULENTUM; ARABINOGALACTAN-PROTEINS; EXPRESSION; ARABIDOPSIS; ENCODES; CELLULOSE AB Background: Extensive studies have demonstrated that the COBRA gene is critical for biosynthesis of cell wall constituents comprising structural tissues of roots, stalks, leaves and other vegetative organs, however, its role in fruit development and ripening remains largely unknown. Results: We identified a tomato gene (SlCOBRA-like) homologous to Arabidopsis COBRA, and determined its role in fleshy fruit biology. The SlCOBRA-like gene is highly expressed in vegetative organs and in early fruit development, but its expression in fruit declines dramatically during ripening stages, implying a primary role in early fruit development. Fruit-specific suppression of SlCOBRA-like resulted in impaired cell wall integrity and up-regulation of genes encoding proteins involved in cell wall degradation during early fruit development. In contrast, fruit-specific overexpression of SlCOBRA-like resulted in increased wall thickness of fruit epidermal cells, more collenchymatous cells beneath the epidermis, elevated levels of cellulose and reduced pectin solubilization in the pericarp cells of red ripe fruits. Moreover, transgenic tomato fruits overexpressing SlCOBRA-like exhibited desirable early development phenotypes including enhanced firmness and a prolonged shelf life. Conclusions: Our results suggest that SlCOBRA-like plays an important role in fruit cell wall architecture and provides a potential genetic tool for extending the shelf life of tomato and potentially additional fruits. C1 [Cao, Ying; Tang, Xiaofeng; Liu, Yongsheng] Sichuan Univ, Coll Life Sci, Minist Educ,Key Lab Bioresource & Ecoenvironm, State Key Lab Hydraul & Mt River Engn, Chengdu 610064, Peoples R China. [Liu, Yongsheng] Hefei Univ Technol, Sch Biotechnol & Food Engn, Hefei 230009, Peoples R China. [Giovannoni, Jim] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Robert Holly Ctr, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Giovannoni, Jim] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Xiao, Fangming] Univ Idaho, Dept Plant Soil & Entomol Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Cao, Ying] SW Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Life Sci & Engn, Mianyang 621010, Peoples R China. RP Liu, YS (reprint author), Sichuan Univ, Coll Life Sci, Minist Educ,Key Lab Bioresource & Ecoenvironm, State Key Lab Hydraul & Mt River Engn, Chengdu 610064, Peoples R China. EM liuyongsheng1122@yahoo.com.cn FU National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars [30825030]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31171179]; National Science and Technology Key Project of China [2011CB100401, 2009ZX08009-072B, 2009ZX08001-011B]; University of Idaho FX This work was supported by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (No. 30825030), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31171179), the National Science and Technology Key Project of China (Nos. 2011CB100401, 2009ZX08009-072B and 2009ZX08001-011B) to YL, the University of Idaho internal funding to FX. NR 58 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 33 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2229 J9 BMC PLANT BIOL JI BMC Plant Biol. PD NOV 10 PY 2012 VL 12 AR 211 DI 10.1186/1471-2229-12-211 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 064RJ UT WOS:000313092800001 PM 23140186 ER PT J AU Tatineni, S Qu, F Li, RH Morris, TJ French, R AF Tatineni, Satyanarayana Qu, Feng Li, Ruhui Morris, T. Jack French, Roy TI Triticum mosaic poacevirus enlists P1 rather than HC-Pro to suppress RNA silencing-mediated host defense SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE RNA silencing suppressor; Sugarcane streak mosaic virus; Wheat; Systemic silencing; Potyviridae; Poacevirus; P1; HC-Pro; Inhibition ID DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; POTATO-VIRUS-X; FAMILY POTYVIRIDAE; ANTIVIRAL DEFENSE; GENE-EXPRESSION; PLANTS; INTERFERENCE; PROTEIN; WHEAT; VECTOR AB Triticum mosaic virus (TriMV) is the type species of the newly established Poacevirus genus in the family Potyviridae. In this study, we demonstrate that in contrast to the helper component-proteinase (HC-Pro) of Potyvirus species, the P1 proteins of TriMV and Sugarcane streak mosaic poacevirus function in suppression of RNA silencing (SRS). TriMV P1 effectively suppressed silencing induced by single- or double-stranded RNAs (ss/ds RNAs), and disrupted the systemic spread of silencing signals at a step after silencing signal production. Interestingly, contrary to enhanced SRS activity of potyviral HC-Pro by co-expression with P1, the presence of TriMV HC-Pro reduced SRS activity of TriMV P1. Furthermore, TriMV P1 suppressed systemic silencing triggered by dsRNA more efficiently than the HC-Pro of Turnip mosaic potyvirus. Furthermore, TriMV P1 enhanced the pathogenicity of a heterologous virus. Our results established poaceviral P1 as a potent RNA silencing suppressor that probably employs a novel mechanism to suppress RNA silencing-based antiviral defense. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Tatineni, Satyanarayana; French, Roy] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Tatineni, Satyanarayana; French, Roy] Univ Nebraska, Dept Plant Pathol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Qu, Feng] Ohio State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Li, Ruhui] USDA ARS, Natl Germplasm Resources Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Morris, T. Jack] Univ Nebraska, Sch Biol Sci, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Tatineni, S (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM satya.tatineni@ars.usda.gov NR 61 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 14 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD NOV 10 PY 2012 VL 433 IS 1 BP 104 EP 115 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2012.07.016 PG 12 WC Virology SC Virology GA 020GS UT WOS:000309797600012 PM 22877841 ER PT J AU Van Bael, SA Estrada, C Rehner, SA Santos, JF Wcislo, WT AF Van Bael, Sunshine A. Estrada, Catalina Rehner, Stephen A. Fabiola Santos, Janette Wcislo, William T. TI Leaf endophyte load influences fungal garden development in leaf-cutting ants SO BMC ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Atta colombica; Attini; Leaf-cutting ants; Lepiotaceae; Mutualism; Symbioses ID DISEASE RESISTANCE; ATTA; PLANTS; HERBIVORY; INFECTION; PATHOGENS; GROWTH; NESTS AB Background: Previous work has shown that leaf-cutting ants prefer to cut leaf material with relatively low fungal endophyte content. This preference suggests that fungal endophytes exact a cost on the ants or on the development of their colonies. We hypothesized that endophytes may play a role in their host plants' defense against leaf-cutting ants. To measure the long-term cost to the ant colony of fungal endophytes in their forage material, we conducted a 20-week laboratory experiment to measure fungal garden development for colonies that foraged on leaves with low or high endophyte content. Results: Colony mass and the fungal garden dry mass did not differ significantly between the low and high endophyte feeding treatments. There was, however, a marginally significant trend toward greater mass of fungal garden per ant worker in the low relative to the high endophyte treatment. This trend was driven by differences in the fungal garden mass per worker from the earliest samples, when leaf-cutting ants had been foraging on low or high endophyte leaf material for only 2 weeks. At two weeks of foraging, the mean fungal garden mass per worker was 77% greater for colonies foraging on leaves with low relative to high endophyte loads. Conclusions: Our data suggest that the cost of endophyte presence in ant forage material may be greatest to fungal colony development in its earliest stages, when there are few workers available to forage and to clean leaf material. This coincides with a period of high mortality for incipient colonies in the field. We discuss how the endophyte-leaf-cutter ant interaction may parallel constitutive defenses in plants, whereby endophytes reduce the rate of colony development when its risk of mortality is greatest. C1 [Van Bael, Sunshine A.] Tulane Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Van Bael, Sunshine A.; Estrada, Catalina; Fabiola Santos, Janette; Wcislo, William T.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 084303092, Panama. [Rehner, Stephen A.] USDA ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Van Bael, SA (reprint author), Tulane Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, 6823 St Charles Ave, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. EM svanbael@tulane.edu FU NSF [DEB- 0949602]; SENACYT [FID10-091]; Smithsonian Institute; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute FX We thank H. Fernandez-Marin, M. Seid, and H. Herz for helpful advice and L. Mejia & two anonymous reviewers for comments on the MS. For help in the field and laboratory, we thank R. Welter, C. Gill, T. Hammer, M. Zavodnik, P. Galgani, M. Sosa, T. Tascnn, A. Concepcion, M. Franco, and I. Ochoa. For logistical support we thank R. Urriola and A. Ruiz. This work was funded by NSF DEB- 0949602 to SAV, WW, and SR; SENACYT FID10-091 to SAV and WW; the Smithsonian Institute and the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. Permission was granted to do this by Panama's Authority on the Environment (ANAM). NR 39 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 60 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1472-6785 J9 BMC ECOL JI BMC Ecol. PD NOV 9 PY 2012 VL 12 AR 23 DI 10.1186/1472-6785-12-23 PG 9 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 063RW UT WOS:000313018600001 PM 23140096 ER PT J AU Decker, JE Vasco, DA Mckay, SD McClure, MC Rolf, MM Kim, J Northcutt, SL Bauck, S Woodward, BW Schnabel, RD Taylor, JF AF Decker, Jared E. Vasco, Daniel A. McKay, Stephanie D. McClure, Matthew C. Rolf, Megan M. Kim, JaeWoo Northcutt, Sally L. Bauck, Stewart Woodward, Brent W. Schnabel, Robert D. Taylor, Jeremy F. TI A novel analytical method, Birth Date Selection Mapping, detects response of the Angus (Bos taurus) genome to selection on complex traits SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Selective sweep; Selection mapping; Polygenic model; Pleiotropy; Cattle; Phenotype; Genotype; GWAS; SNP ID POSITIVE SELECTION; BREEDING VALUES; WIDE ASSOCIATION; GENOTYPE DATA; BEEF-CATTLE; SIGNATURES; POPULATIONS; HUMANS; ADAPTATION; EXPRESSION AB Background: Several methods have recently been developed to identify regions of the genome that have been exposed to strong selection. However, recent theoretical and empirical work suggests that polygenic models are required to identify the genomic regions that are more moderately responding to ongoing selection on complex traits. We examine the effects of multi-trait selection on the genome of a population of US registered Angus beef cattle born over a 50-year period representing approximately 10 generations of selection. We present results from the application of a quantitative genetic model, called Birth Date Selection Mapping, to identify signatures of recent ongoing selection. Results: We show that US Angus cattle have been systematically selected to alter their mean additive genetic merit for most of the 16 production traits routinely recorded by breeders. Using Birth Date Selection Mapping, we estimate the time-dependency of allele frequency for 44,817 SNP loci using genomic best linear unbiased prediction, generalized least squares, and BayesCp analyses. Finally, we reconstruct the primary phenotypes that have historically been exposed to selection from a genome-wide analysis of the 16 production traits and gene ontology enrichment analysis. Conclusions: We demonstrate that Birth Date Selection Mapping utilizing mixed models corrects for time-dependent pedigree sampling effects that lead to spurious SNP associations and reveals genomic signatures of ongoing selection on complex traits. Because multiple traits have historically been selected in concert and most quantitative trait loci have small effects, selection has incrementally altered allele frequencies throughout the genome. Two quantitative trait loci of large effect were not the most strongly selected of the loci due to their antagonistic pleiotropic effects on strongly selected phenotypes. Birth Date Selection Mapping may readily be extended to temporally-stratified human or model organism populations. C1 [Decker, Jared E.; Vasco, Daniel A.; McKay, Stephanie D.; McClure, Matthew C.; Rolf, Megan M.; Kim, JaeWoo; Schnabel, Robert D.; Taylor, Jeremy F.] Univ Missouri, Div Anim Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Vasco, Daniel A.] Duke Univ, Dept Biol, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [McKay, Stephanie D.] Univ Vermont, Dept Anim Sci, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [McClure, Matthew C.] USDA, ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Rolf, Megan M.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Northcutt, Sally L.] Amer Angus Assoc, St Joseph, MO 64506 USA. [Bauck, Stewart] GeneSeek, Lincoln, NE 68521 USA. [Woodward, Brent W.] NextGen, Duluth, GA 30096 USA. RP Taylor, JF (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Div Anim Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM taylorjerr@missouri.edu OI Vasco, Daniel/0000-0001-6969-1741; Schnabel, Robert/0000-0001-5018-7641; Decker, Jared/0000-0001-5685-7343 FU University of Missouri; National Research Initiative from the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service [2008-35205-04687, 2008-35205-18864]; National Research Initiative from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2009-65205-05635] FX We gratefully acknowledge the provision of semen samples from Angus breeders and semen distributors. This project was supported by the University of Missouri, National Research Initiative grants number 2008-35205-04687 and 2008-35205-18864 from the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service and National Research Initiative grant number 2009-65205-05635 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U. S. Department of Agriculture. NR 64 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 12 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD NOV 9 PY 2012 VL 13 AR 606 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-13-606 PG 14 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 061TV UT WOS:000312872100002 PM 23140540 ER PT J AU Kappmeyer, LS Thiagarajan, M Herndon, DR Ramsay, JD Caler, E Djikeng, A Gillespie, JJ Lau, AOT Roalson, EH Silva, JC Silva, MG Suarez, CE Ueti, MW Nene, VM Mealey, RH Knowles, DP Brayton, KA AF Kappmeyer, Lowell S. Thiagarajan, Mathangi Herndon, David R. Ramsay, Joshua D. Caler, Elisabet Djikeng, Appolinaire Gillespie, Joseph J. Lau, Audrey O. T. Roalson, Eric H. Silva, Joana C. Silva, Marta G. Suarez, Carlos E. Ueti, Massaro W. Nene, Vishvanath M. Mealey, Robert H. Knowles, Donald P. Brayton, Kelly A. TI Comparative genomic analysis and phylogenetic position of Theileria equi SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Apicomplexa; Parasite; Vaccine; Horse; Vector-borne disease ID APICAL MEMBRANE ANTIGEN-1; PARASITE PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; HIGH-LEVEL EXPRESSION; BABESIA-EQUI; ERYTHROCYTE INVASION; ARABIDOPSIS GENOME; INFECTED HORSES; SURFACE PROTEIN; IN-VITRO; BOVIS AB Background: Transmission of arthropod-borne apicomplexan parasites that cause disease and result in death or persistent infection represents a major challenge to global human and animal health. First described in 1901 as Piroplasma equi, this re-emergent apicomplexan parasite was renamed Babesia equi and subsequently Theileria equi, reflecting an uncertain taxonomy. Understanding mechanisms by which apicomplexan parasites evade immune or chemotherapeutic elimination is required for development of effective vaccines or chemotherapeutics. The continued risk of transmission of T. equi from clinically silent, persistently infected equids impedes the goal of returning the U. S. to non-endemic status. Therefore comparative genomic analysis of T. equi was undertaken to: 1) identify genes contributing to immune evasion and persistence in equid hosts, 2) identify genes involved in PBMC infection biology and 3) define the phylogenetic position of T. equi relative to sequenced apicomplexan parasites. Results: The known immunodominant proteins, EMA1, 2 and 3 were discovered to belong to a ten member gene family with a mean amino acid identity, in pairwise comparisons, of 39%. Importantly, the amino acid diversity of EMAs is distributed throughout the length of the proteins. Eight of the EMA genes were simultaneously transcribed. As the agents that cause bovine theileriosis infect and transform host cell PBMCs, we confirmed that T. equi infects equine PBMCs, however, there is no evidence of host cell transformation. Indeed, a number of genes identified as potential manipulators of the host cell phenotype are absent from the T. equi genome. Comparative genomic analysis of T. equi revealed the phylogenetic positioning relative to seven apicomplexan parasites using deduced amino acid sequences from 150 genes placed it as a sister taxon to Theileria spp. Conclusions: The EMA family does not fit the paradigm for classical antigenic variation, and we propose a novel model describing the role of the EMA family in persistence. T. equi has lost the putative genes for host cell transformation, or the genes were acquired by T. parva and T. annulata after divergence from T. equi. Our analysis identified 50 genes that will be useful for definitive phylogenetic classification of T. equi and closely related organisms. C1 [Ramsay, Joshua D.; Lau, Audrey O. T.; Mealey, Robert H.; Knowles, Donald P.; Brayton, Kelly A.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Thiagarajan, Mathangi; Caler, Elisabet] J Craig Venter Inst, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Kappmeyer, Lowell S.; Herndon, David R.; Silva, Marta G.; Suarez, Carlos E.; Ueti, Massaro W.; Knowles, Donald P.] ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Djikeng, Appolinaire; Nene, Vishvanath M.] Int Livestock Res Inst, Nairobi 00100, Kenya. [Gillespie, Joseph J.] Virginia Tech, Virginia Bioinformat Inst, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Gillespie, Joseph J.; Silva, Joana C.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Lau, Audrey O. T.; Brayton, Kelly A.] Washington State Univ, Paul G Allen Sch Global Anim Hlth, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Roalson, Eric H.] Washington State Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Brayton, KA (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM kbrayton@vetmed.wsu.edu FU USDA-ARS-CWP [5348-32000-028-00D]; NIAID [HHSN272200900040C]; NIH [R01AI017828, R01AI59118] FX We would like to acknowledge the excellent technical assistance of Ralph Horn, James Allison, Melissa Flatt, and Shelby Beckner. David Schneider kindly assisted with microscopy. This research was supported by USDA-ARS-CWP 5348-32000-028-00D. JJG acknowledges support from NIAID contract HHSN272200900040C awarded to Bruno Sobral (Virginia Bioinformatics Institute) and NIH awards R01AI017828 and R01AI59118 (Abdu Azad, University of Maryland). NR 81 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 21 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD NOV 9 PY 2012 VL 13 AR 603 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-13-603 PG 13 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 051UB UT WOS:000312152000001 PM 23137308 ER PT J AU Henry, TJ Carpintero, DL AF Henry, Thomas J. Carpintero, Diego L. TI Review of the jumping tree bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae: Isometopinae) of Argentina and nearby areas of Brazil and Paraguay, with descriptions of nine new species SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Review DE Aristotelesia; Myiomma; new taxa; diagnoses; keys to species; distribution; South America ID RECORDS AB Nine new species of jumping tree bugs, or Isometopinae, from Argentina, Paraguay, and southern Brazil are described. The genus Aristotelesia is revised and the two new species A. fuscata (from Brazil) and A. medialis(from Argentina) are described, and the Argentine and Paraguayan species of Myiomma are reviewed and the seven new species M. apicalis (from Paraguay), M. argentinensis (from Argentina and Paraguay), M. binotata (from Argentina), M. pallidopleura (from Argentina), M. pallipes (from Argentina), M. scutellata (from Paraguay), and M. uniformis (from Argentina) are described. Previously published records of isometopines from Argentina are clarified. Color photographs, illustrations of the parameres of M. argentinensis, and keys are provided to help distinguish species. C1 [Henry, Thomas J.] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Carpintero, Diego L.] Museo Argentino Ciencias Nat Bernardino Rivadavia, Div Entomol, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. RP Henry, TJ (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM thomas.henry@ars.usda.gov; dcarpint@macn.gov.ar FU Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas, CONICET FX We thank Michele A. Touchet (Systematic Entomology Laboratory [SEL], Agricultural Research Service, USDA, c/o National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC) for the color images and Aline Barcellos P. dos Santos (SMCN) for lending specimens representing new species of Aristotelesia. M.G. Pogue (SEL), S. Scheffer (SEL), and A.G. Wheeler, Jr. (Clemson University, Clemson, SC) kindly reviewed the manuscript and offered suggestions for its improvement. The second author's participation in this work was supported by Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas, CONICET. NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD NOV 9 PY 2012 IS 3545 BP 41 EP 58 PG 18 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 041IR UT WOS:000311395400002 ER PT J AU Grapov, D Adams, SH Pedersen, TL Garvey, WT Newman, JW AF Grapov, Dmitry Adams, Sean H. Pedersen, Theresa L. Garvey, W. Timothy Newman, John W. TI Type 2 Diabetes Associated Changes in the Plasma Non-Esterified Fatty Acids, Oxylipins and Endocannabinoids SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID NONALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; GLUCOSE-PRODUCTION; PULSATILE INSULIN; BETA-OXIDATION; METABOLISM; PATHOGENESIS; ACTIVATION; DELIVERY; HUMANS AB Type 2 diabetes has profound effects on metabolism that can be detected in plasma. While increases in circulating non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) are well-described in diabetes, effects on signaling lipids have received little attention. Oxylipins and endocannabinoids are classes of bioactive fatty acid metabolites with many structural members that influence insulin signaling, adipose function and inflammation through autocrine, paracrine and endocrine mechanisms. To link diabetes-associated changes in plasma NEFA and signaling lipids, we quantitatively targeted >150 plasma lipidome components in age- and body mass index-matched, overweight to obese, non-diabetic (n = 12) and type 2 diabetic (n = 43) African-American women. Diabetes related NEFA patterns indicated similar to 60% increase in steroyl-CoA desaturase activity and similar to 40% decrease in very long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid chain shortening, patterns previously associated with the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Further, epoxides and ketones of eighteen carbon polyunsaturated fatty acids were elevated >80% in diabetes and strongly correlated with changes in NEFA, consistent with their liberation during adipose lipolysis. Endocannabinoid behavior differed by class with diabetes increasing an array of N-acylethanolamides which were positively correlated with pro-inflammatory 5-lipooxygenase-derived metabolites, while monoacylglycerols were negatively correlated with body mass. These results clearly show that diabetes not only results in an increase in plasma NEFA, but shifts the plasma lipidomic profiles in ways that reflect the biochemical and physiological changes of this pathological state which are independent of obesity associated changes. Citation: Grapov D, Adams SH, Pedersen TL, Garvey WT, Newman JW (2012) Type 2 Diabetes Associated Changes in the Plasma Non-Esterified Fatty Acids, Oxylipins and Endocannabinoids. PLoS ONE 7(11): e48852. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048852 C1 [Grapov, Dmitry; Adams, Sean H.; Newman, John W.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Grapov, Dmitry; Adams, Sean H.; Pedersen, Theresa L.; Newman, John W.] USDA, Obes & Metab Res Unit, ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA USA. [Garvey, W. Timothy] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Nutr Sci, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Garvey, W. Timothy] Birmingham VA Med Ctr, Birmingham, AL USA. RP Newman, JW (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM john.newman@ars.usda.gov FU National Institute of General Medical Sciences-National Institutes of Health (NIGMS-NIH) [T32-GM008799]; intramural United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) [5306-51530-019-00D]; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIH-NIDDK) [R01DK078328-01]; NIH [DK-038764, DK-083562, P01 HL-055782]; Merit Review program of the Department of Veterans Affairs; University of Alabama (UAB) Center for Clinical and Translational Science [UL1 RR025777]; UAB Nutrition and Obesity Research Center [P30-DK56336]; UAB Diabetes Research and Training Center [P60 DK079626] FX This work was funded in part by the following: National Institute of General Medical Sciences-National Institutes of Health (NIGMS-NIH) T32-GM008799 (D.G.); intramural United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Project 5306-51530-019-00D (J.W.N. and S.H.A.); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIH-NIDDK) R01DK078328-01 (S.H.A.); NIH grants DK-038764, DK-083562, and P01 HL-055782 and the Merit Review program of the Department of Veterans Affairs (W.T.G.). The authors also acknowledge support from the research core facilities of the University of Alabama (UAB) Center for Clinical and Translational Science (UL1 RR025777), the UAB Nutrition and Obesity Research Center (P30-DK56336), and the UAB Diabetes Research and Training Center (P60 DK079626). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 46 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 31 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 8 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 11 AR e48852 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0048852 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 053KE UT WOS:000312269500039 PM 23144998 ER PT J AU LaFrentz, BR LaPatra, SE Shoemaker, CA Klesius, PH AF LaFrentz, B. R. LaPatra, S. E. Shoemaker, C. A. Klesius, P. H. TI Reproducible challenge model to investigate the virulence of Flavobacterium columnare genomovars in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss SO DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS LA English DT Article DE Flavobacterium columnare; Rainbow trout; Genomovar; Columnaris disease; Challenge model ID CATFISH ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS; CHANNEL CATFISH; GENETIC DIVERSITY; FISH; MORTALITY; ADHESION AB Flavobacterium columnare is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes columnaris disease and has significant economic impacts on aquaculture production worldwide. Molecular analyses have demonstrated that there is genetic diversity among F. columnare isolates. A review of the published literature that used restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the 16S rRNA gene revealed that all isolates typed from salmonids were Genomovar I. Our objective was to develop a laboratory challenge model for F. columnare in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) and use the model to determine the virulence of Genomovar I and II isolates. Six F. columnare isolates were obtained from rainbow trout experiencing losses due to columnaris disease and were determined to be Genomovar I. Three of these were chosen for a preliminary assessment of virulence, and isolate 051-10-S5 was chosen for additional experiments to determine the reproducibility of the waterborne challenge model. In 2 independent experiments, cumulative percent mortalities (CPM) were 49 +/- 10% and 50 +/- 19%. Challenge of rainbow trout with Genomovar I and II isolates demonstrated a difference in the CPM, with the Genomovar II isolates inducing significantly higher CPM. This reproducible waterborne challenge model for columnaris disease in rainbow trout will be useful to investigate host-pathogen interactions, vaccine development, and other potential control strategies. This research also provides a basis for further defining the molecular diversity and virulence associated with F. columnare genomovars in rainbow trout and other salmonid species. C1 [LaFrentz, B. R.; Shoemaker, C. A.; Klesius, P. H.] USDA ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. [LaPatra, S. E.] Clear Springs Foods, Div Res, Buhl, ID 83316 USA. RP LaFrentz, BR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, 990 Wire Rd, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM benjamin.lafrentz@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS CRIS [6420-32000-024-00D]; Merck Animal Health [58-3K95-6-1133]; USDA-ARS [58-3K95-6-1133] FX The authors thank Ning Qin and Paige Mumma of USDA-ARS for technical assistance. This research was supported by USDA-ARS CRIS Project No. 6420-32000-024-00D (Integrated Aquatic Animal Health Strategies) and Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA No. 58-3K95-6-1133) between Merck Animal Health and USDA-ARS. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the United States Department of Agriculture. NR 26 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 15 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 0177-5103 J9 DIS AQUAT ORGAN JI Dis. Aquat. Org. PD NOV 8 PY 2012 VL 101 IS 2 BP 115 EP 122 DI 10.3354/dao02522 PG 8 WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences GA 034AS UT WOS:000310843100004 PM 23135138 ER PT J AU Bossart, GD Mignucci-Giannoni, AA Rivera-Guzman, AL Jimenez-Marrero, NM Camus, AC Bonde, RK Dubey, JP Reif, JS AF Bossart, Gregory D. Mignucci-Giannoni, Antonio A. Rivera-Guzman, Antonio L. Jimenez-Marrero, Nilda M. Camus, Alvin C. Bonde, Robert K. Dubey, Jitender P. Reif, John S. TI Disseminated toxoplasmosis in Antillean manatees Trichechus manatus manatus from Puerto Rico SO DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS LA English DT Article DE Toxoplasma gondii; Sirenian; Gastroenteritis; Enterocolitis; Myocarditis; Emerging disease ID ENHYDRA-LUTRIS-NEREIS; SARCOCYSTIS-NEURONA; GONDII INFECTION; MARINE MAMMALS; SEA OTTERS; FLORIDA; RUNOFF; MENINGOENCEPHALITIS; SEROPREVALENCE; CALIFORNIA AB Necropsies were conducted on 4 Antillean manatees Trichechus manatus manatus that were stranded in single events on the coastal beaches of Puerto Rico from August 2010 to August 2011. Three manatees were emaciated and the gastrointestinal tracts were devoid of digesta. Microscopically, all manatees had severe widespread inflammatory lesions of the gastrointestinal tract and heart with intralesional tachyzoites consistent with Toxoplasma gondii identified by histological, ultrastructural and immunohistochemical techniques. The gastrointestinal lesions included severe, multifocal to diffuse, chronic-active enteritis, colitis and/or gastritis often with associated ulceration, necrosis and hemorrhage. Enteric leiomyositis was severe and locally extensive in all cases and associated with the most frequently observed intralesional protozoans. Moderate to severe, multifocal, chronic to chronic-active, necrotizing myocarditis was also present in all cases. Additionally, less consistent inflammatory lesions occurred in the liver, lung and a mesenteric lymph node and were associated with fewer tachyzoites. Sera (n = 30) collected from free-ranging and captive Puerto Rican manatees and a rehabilitated/released Puerto Rican manatee from 2003 to 2012 were tested for antibodies for T. gondii. A positive T. gondii antibody titer was found in 2004 in 1 (3%) of the free-ranging cases tested. Disease caused by T. gondii is rare in manatees. This is the first report of toxoplasmosis in Antillean manatees from Puerto Rico. Additionally, these are the first reported cases of disseminated toxoplasmosis in any sirenian. The documentation of 4 cases of toxoplasmosis within one year and the extremely low seroprevalence to T. gondii suggest that toxoplasmosis may be an emerging disease in Antillean manatees from Puerto Rico. C1 [Bossart, Gregory D.] Georgia Aquarium, Atlanta, GA 30313 USA. [Bossart, Gregory D.] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [Mignucci-Giannoni, Antonio A.; Rivera-Guzman, Antonio L.] Inter Amer Univ Puerto Rico, Puerto Rico Manatee Conservat Ctr, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. [Jimenez-Marrero, Nilda M.] Puerto Rico Dept Nat & Environm Resources, Bur Fish & Wildlife, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. [Camus, Alvin C.] Univ Georgia, Dept Pathol, Coll Vet Med, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Bonde, Robert K.] US Geol Survey, SE Ecol Sci Ctr, Sirenia Project, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA. [Dubey, Jitender P.] ARS, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Reif, John S.] Colorado State Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Dept Environm & Radiol Hlth Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Bossart, GD (reprint author), Georgia Aquarium, 225 Baker St NW, Atlanta, GA 30313 USA. EM gbossart@georgiaaquarium.org OI Mignucci-Giannoni, Antonio A./0000-0003-1443-4873; Bonde, Robert/0000-0001-9179-4376 FU Commonwealth of Puerto Rico Legislature; Georgia Aquarium FX Carcass salvage was conducted under the authority of Puerto Rico's Department of Natural and Environmental Resources and the US Fish and Wildlife Service permit number M791721-4, issued to the US Geological Survey, Sirenia Project. We gratefully acknowledge the assistance of the Puerto Rico Manatee Conservation Center technicians, students and volunteers in tending to the stranding events and collecting samples, particularly C. Rivera and L. Falcon. This research was funded in part by a grant from the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico Legislature and the Georgia Aquarium. Any use of trade, product or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 34 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 34 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 0177-5103 J9 DIS AQUAT ORGAN JI Dis. Aquat. Org. PD NOV 8 PY 2012 VL 101 IS 2 BP 139 EP 144 DI 10.3354/dao02526 PG 6 WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences GA 034AS UT WOS:000310843100007 PM 23135141 ER PT J AU Rexroad, CE Vallejo, RL Liu, SX Palti, Y Weber, GM AF Rexroad, Caird E., III Vallejo, Roger L. Liu, Sixin Palti, Yniv Weber, Gregory M. TI QTL affecting stress response to crowding in a rainbow trout broodstock population SO BMC GENETICS LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS WALBAUM; DAUGHTER YIELD DEVIATIONS; ESTIMATED BREEDING VALUES; WHOLE GENOME SCAN; LINKAGE ANALYSIS; DISEASE RESISTANCE; CORTISOL RESPONSE; GROWTH; MAP AB Background: Genomic analyses have the potential to impact selective breeding programs by identifying markers that serve as proxies for traits which are expensive or difficult to measure. Also, identifying genes affecting traits of interest enhances our understanding of their underlying biochemical pathways. To this end we conducted genome scans of seven rainbow trout families from a single broodstock population to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) having an effect on stress response to crowding as measured by plasma cortisol concentration. Our goal was to estimate the number of major genes having large effects on this trait in our broodstock population through the identification of QTL. Results: A genome scan including 380 microsatellite markers representing 29 chromosomes resulted in the de novo construction of genetic maps which were in good agreement with the NCCCWA genetic map. Unique sets of QTL were detected for two traits which were defined after observing a low correlation between repeated measurements of plasma cortisol concentration in response to stress. A highly significant QTL was detected in three independent analyses on Omy16, many additional suggestive and significant QTL were also identified. With linkage-based methods of QTL analysis such as half-sib regression interval mapping and a variance component method, we determined that the significant and suggestive QTL explain about 40-43% and 13-27% of the phenotypic trait variation, respectively. Conclusions: The cortisol response to crowding stress is a complex trait controlled in a sub-sample of our broodstock population by multiple QTL on at least 8 chromosomes. These QTL are largely different from others previously identified for a similar trait, documenting that population specific genetic variants independently affect cortisol response in ways that may result in different impacts on growth. Also, mapping QTL for multiple traits associated with stress response detected trait specific QTL which indicate the significance of the first plasma cortisol measurement in defining the trait. Fine mapping these QTL can lead towards the identification of genes affecting stress response and may influence approaches to selection for this economically important stress response trait. C1 [Rexroad, Caird E., III; Vallejo, Roger L.; Liu, Sixin; Palti, Yniv; Weber, Gregory M.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, Leetown, WV USA. RP Rexroad, CE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, Leetown, WV USA. EM caird.rexroadiii@ars.usda.gov NR 43 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 19 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2156 J9 BMC GENET JI BMC Genet. PD NOV 7 PY 2012 VL 13 AR 97 DI 10.1186/1471-2156-13-97 PG 12 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 062SS UT WOS:000312943200001 PM 23134666 ER PT J AU Chen, C DeClerck, G Tian, F Spooner, W McCouch, S Buckler, E AF Chen, Charles DeClerck, Genevieve Tian, Feng Spooner, William McCouch, Susan Buckler, Edward TI PICARA, an Analytical Pipeline Providing Probabilistic Inference about A Priori Candidates Genes Underlying Genome-Wide Association QTL in Plants SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; ENRICHMENT ANALYSIS; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; POSITIONAL CLONING; FLOWERING-TIME; COMPLEX TRAITS; HAPLOTYPE MAP; MAIZE GENOME AB PICARA is an analytical pipeline designed to systematically summarize observed SNP/trait associations identified by genome wide association studies (GWAS) and to identify candidate genes involved in the regulation of complex trait variation. The pipeline provides probabilistic inference about a priori candidate genes using integrated information derived from genome-wide association signals, gene homology, and curated gene sets embedded in pathway descriptions. In this paper, we demonstrate the performance of PICARA using data for flowering time variation in maize - a key trait for geographical and seasonal adaption of plants. Among 406 curated flowering time-related genes from Arabidopsis, we identify 61 orthologs in maize that are significantly enriched for GWAS SNP signals, including key regulators such as FT (Flowering Locus T) and GI (GIGANTEA), and genes centered in the Arabidopsis circadian pathway, including TOC1 (Timing of CAB Expression 1) and LHY (Late Elongated Hypocotyl). In addition, we discover a regulatory feature that is characteristic of these a priori flowering time candidates in maize. This new probabilistic analytical pipeline helps researchers infer the functional significance of candidate genes associated with complex traits and helps guide future experiments by providing statistical support for gene candidates based on the integration of heterogeneous biological information. C1 [Chen, Charles; DeClerck, Genevieve; McCouch, Susan; Buckler, Edward] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Tian, Feng] China Agr Univ, Natl Maize Improvement Ctr, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. [Spooner, William] Eagle Genom Ltd, Cambridge, England. [Buckler, Edward] Cornell Univ, Inst Genom Divers, Ithaca, NY USA. [Buckler, Edward] ARS, USDA, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY USA. RP Chen, C (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM cc859@cornell.edu OI Buckler, Edward/0000-0002-3100-371X FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [0703908]; NSF [1026555] FX This research is supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) Plant Genome Research Grant 0703908. SM is also funded by NSF Plant Genome Research Grant 1026555. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 70 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 33 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 7 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 11 AR e46596 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0046596 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 048TK UT WOS:000311935800007 PM 23144785 ER PT J AU Fouts, DE Szpakowski, S Purushe, J Torralba, M Waterman, RC MacNeil, MD Alexander, LJ Nelson, KE AF Fouts, Derrick E. Szpakowski, Sebastian Purushe, Janaki Torralba, Manolito Waterman, Richard C. MacNeil, Michael D. Alexander, Leeson J. Nelson, Karen E. TI Next Generation Sequencing to Define Prokaryotic and Fungal Diversity in the Bovine Rumen SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID GRADIENT GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; MICROBIAL-POPULATIONS; BACTERIAL DIVERSITY; GENES; DISCOVERY; QUALITY; ARB; IDENTIFICATION; COMMUNITY AB A combination of Sanger and 454 sequences of small subunit rRNA loci were used to interrogate microbial diversity in the bovine rumen of 12 cows consuming a forage diet. Observed bacterial species richness, based on the V1-V3 region of the 16S rRNA gene, was between 1,903 to 2,432 species-level operational taxonomic units (OTUs) when 5,520 reads were sampled per animal. Eighty percent of species-level OTUs were dominated by members of the order Clostridiales, Bacteroidales, Erysipelotrichales and unclassified TM7. Abundance of Prevotella species varied widely among the 12 animals. Archaeal species richness, also based on 16S rRNA, was between 8 and 13 OTUs, representing 5 genera. The majority of archaeal OTUs (84%) found in this study were previously observed in public databases with only two new OTUs discovered. Observed rumen fungal species richness, based on the 18S rRNA gene, was between 21 and 40 OTUs with 98.4-99.9% of OTUs represented by more than one read, using Good's coverage. Examination of the fungal community identified numerous novel groups. Prevotella and Tannerella were overrepresented in the liquid fraction of the rumen while Butyrivibrio and Blautia were significantly overrepresented in the solid fraction of the rumen. No statistical difference was observed between the liquid and solid fractions in biodiversity of archaea and fungi. The survey of microbial communities and analysis of cross-domain correlations suggested there is a far greater extent of microbial diversity in the bovine rumen than previously appreciated, and that next generation sequencing technologies promise to reveal novel species, interactions and pathways that can be studied further in order to better understand how rumen microbial community structure and function affects ruminant feed efficiency, biofuel production, and environmental impact. C1 [Fouts, Derrick E.; Szpakowski, Sebastian; Purushe, Janaki; Torralba, Manolito; Nelson, Karen E.] JCVI, Rockville, MD USA. [Waterman, Richard C.; MacNeil, Michael D.; Alexander, Leeson J.] USDA ARS, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. RP Fouts, DE (reprint author), JCVI, Rockville, MD USA. EM dfouts@jcvi.org FU United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service CRIS [5434-31000-014-00D] FX Funding was provided by United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service CRIS project # 5434-31000-014-00D. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 44 TC 58 Z9 65 U1 6 U2 85 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 7 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 11 AR e48289 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0048289 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 048TK UT WOS:000311935800043 PM 23144861 ER PT J AU Li, JL Qin, HR Wu, J Sadd, BM Wang, XH Evans, JD Peng, WJ Chen, YP AF Li, Jilian Qin, Haoran Wu, Jie Sadd, Ben M. Wang, Xiuhong Evans, Jay D. Peng, Wenjun Chen, Yanping TI The Prevalence of Parasites and Pathogens in Asian Honeybees Apis cerana in China SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID DEFORMED-WING-VIRUS; BEE COLONY COLLAPSE; NOSEMA-CERANAE; BUMBLE BEES; VARROA-DESTRUCTOR; GUT BACTERIA; MELLIFERA L.; MOLECULAR DIAGNOSIS; BOMBUS-TERRESTRIS; PARALYSIS VIRUS AB Pathogens and parasites represent significant threats to the health and well-being of honeybee species that are key pollinators of agricultural crops and flowers worldwide. We conducted a nationwide survey to determine the occurrence and prevalence of pathogens and parasites in Asian honeybees, Apis cerana, in China. Our study provides evidence of infections of A. cerana by pathogenic Deformed wing virus (DWV), Black queen cell virus (BQCV), Nosema ceranae, and C. bombi species that have been linked to population declines of European honeybees, A. mellifera, and bumble bees. However, the prevalence of DWV, a virus that causes widespread infection in A. mellifera, was low, arguably a result of the greater ability of A. cerana to resist the ectoprasitic mite Varroa destructor, an efficient vector of DWV. Analyses of microbial communities from the A. cerana digestive tract showed that Nosema infection could have detrimental effects on the gut microbiota. Workers infected by N. ceranae tended to have lower bacterial quantities, with these differences being significant for the Bifidobacterium and Pasteurellaceae bacteria groups. The results of this nationwide screen show that parasites and pathogens that have caused serious problems in European honeybees can be found in native honeybee species kept in Asia. Environmental changes due to new agricultural practices and globalization may facilitate the spread of pathogens into new geographic areas. The foraging behavior of pollinators that are in close geographic proximity likely have played an important role in spreading of parasites and pathogens over to new hosts. Phylogenetic analyses provide insights into the movement and population structure of these parasites, suggesting a bidirectional flow of parasites among pollinators. The presence of these parasites and pathogens may have considerable implications for an observed population decline of Asian honeybees. C1 [Li, Jilian; Qin, Haoran; Wu, Jie; Wang, Xiuhong; Peng, Wenjun] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Apicultural Res, Minist Agr, Key Lab Pollinating Insect Biol, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Evans, Jay D.; Chen, Yanping] ARS, USDA, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Sadd, Ben M.] Eth Zurich Univ Str, Inst Integrat Biol, Zurich, Switzerland. RP Peng, WJ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Apicultural Res, Minist Agr, Key Lab Pollinating Insect Biol, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. EM bumblebeeljl@hotmail.com; judy.chen@ars.usda.gov RI Evans, Jay/C-8408-2012; OI Evans, Jay/0000-0002-0036-4651; Sadd, Ben/0000-0003-3136-5144 FU Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China; Eidgenosische Technische Hochschule (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland [2009DFA32600]; Beijing Natural Science Foundation [6122032]; Chinese National Natural Science Foundation [30700606, 30972149]; China Agriculture Research System (CARS-45) [201203080-4]; Special Fund for Agricultural Research in the Public Interest [201203080-4] FX Funding was provided by an international joint research project between the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China and Eidgenosische Technische Hochschule (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland (No. 2009DFA32600), Beijing Natural Science Foundation (No. 6122032), Chinese National Natural Science Foundation (No. 30700606, 30972149), the China Agriculture Research System (CARS-45) (201203080-4), the Special Fund for Agricultural Research in the Public Interest (201203080-4). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 70 TC 14 Z9 23 U1 9 U2 87 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 7 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 11 AR e47955 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0047955 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 048TK UT WOS:000311935800030 PM 23144838 ER PT J AU Papiernik, SK Koskinen, WC Barber, BL AF Papiernik, Sharon K. Koskinen, William C. Barber, Brian L. TI Low Sorption and Fast Dissipation of the Herbicide Saflufenacil in Surface Soils and Subsoils of an Eroded Prairie Landscape SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE degradation; dissipation; herbicide; retention; soil; sorption; subsoil ID SPATIAL VARIABILITY; SUBSURFACE SOILS; DEGRADATION; RESIDUES; ATRAZINE; 2,4-D; DESORPTION; DEPTH; FIELD; BIOAVAILABILITY AB Saflufenacil partitioning and dissipation were evaluated in soils from an eroded prairie landscape to provide information on its expected environmental fate. Saflufenacil K-d values followed trends in soil organic carbon content In surface soils, K-d values ranged from 0.05 to 0.2 L kg(-1) in the depositional lower slope and from 0.02 to 0.06 L kg(-1) in the eroded upper slope. In subsurface soils, K-d values were an order of magnitude higher in the lower slope (mean 0.1 L kg(-1)) than in the upper slope (mean 0.01 L kg(-1)). Sorption was slightly higher in samples aged 1-8 weeks compared to freshly spiked soils. Mean dissipation half-lives (DT50) were 13 d in surface soils and 32 d in subsurface soils. The observed low sorption and relatively rapid dissipation of saflufenacil suggest that this herbicide will be readily available for degradation or plant uptake in the root zone. C1 [Papiernik, Sharon K.] ARS, N Cent Agr Res Lab, USDA, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. [Koskinen, William C.] ARS, Soil & Water Management Unit, USDA, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Barber, Brian L.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Papiernik, SK (reprint author), ARS, N Cent Agr Res Lab, USDA, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. EM Sharon.Papiernik@ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 18 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD NOV 7 PY 2012 VL 60 IS 44 BP 10936 EP 10941 DI 10.1021/jf303271p PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 038RQ UT WOS:000311192200007 PM 23030723 ER PT J AU Hung, SC Yokoyama, W Kim, H Bartley, G Anderson, WHK Albers, DR Langhorst, ML Williams, DM Stott, W Turowski, M Young, SA AF Hung, Shao-Ching Yokoyama, Wallace Kim, Hyunsook Bartley, Glenn Anderson, William H. K. Albers, David R. Langhorst, Marsha L. Williams, David M. Stott, William Turowski, Maciej Young, Scott A. TI Effects of Cationic Hydroxyethyl Cellulose on Dyslipidemia in Hamsters SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE hamsters; soluble dietary fiber; hypocholesterolemic effect; dyslipidemia; cardiovascular disease ID DIET-INDUCED OBESITY; HYDROXYPROPYL METHYLCELLULOSE; BILE-ACID; HIGH-FAT; CHOLESTEROL; FIBER; VISCOSITY; MOUSE; HYDROXYPROPYLMETHYLCELLULOSE; EXPRESSION AB Cationic hydroxyethyl cellulose (cHEC) was supplemented in a high-fat diet to determine if this new soluble fiber had an effect on hypercholesterolemia and dyslipidemia associated with cardiovascular disease using Golden Syrian hamster as an animal model. Supplementation of 3-5% cHEC in a high-fat diet for 4 weeks led to significant weight gain reduction in hamsters. In addition, significant decreases in adipose and liver weights, concentrations of plasma total, VLDL, and LDL cholesterol, and hepatic lipids were shown. No significant improvements in glucose and insulin levels were observed with cHEC; however, a significant increase in plasma adiponectin and a decrease in leptin were observed. As compared with controls, 8% cHEC-fed hamsters had greater levels of mRNA for CYP7A1 (cytochrome P450 7A1; 2-fold of control; P < 0.05), CYP51 (lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylase; 6-fold of control; P < 0.05), and LDLR (LDL receptor; 1.5-fold of control) in the liver. These findings suggest the possibility of the use of cHEC for cholesterol reduction and beneficial effects on the cardiovascular risk factors. C1 [Hung, Shao-Ching; Anderson, William H. K.; Albers, David R.; Langhorst, Marsha L.; Williams, David M.; Stott, William; Turowski, Maciej; Young, Scott A.] Dow Chem Co USA, Midland, MI 48667 USA. [Yokoyama, Wallace; Kim, Hyunsook; Bartley, Glenn] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Young, SA (reprint author), Dow Chem Co USA, Midland, MI 48667 USA. EM sayoung@dow.com NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 18 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD NOV 7 PY 2012 VL 60 IS 44 BP 11149 EP 11156 DI 10.1021/jf302095c PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 038RQ UT WOS:000311192200034 PM 23083223 ER PT J AU Zarnetske, JP Haggerty, R Wondzell, SM Bokil, VA Gonzalez-Pinzon, R AF Zarnetske, Jay P. Haggerty, Roy Wondzell, Steven M. Bokil, Vrushali A. Gonzalez-Pinzon, Ricardo TI Coupled transport and reaction kinetics control the nitrate source-sink function of hyporheic zones SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID COASTAL MARINE ECOSYSTEMS; DISSOLVED ORGANIC-CARBON; SEPTIC-SYSTEM NITRATE; TRANSIENT STORAGE; FRESH-WATER; HEADWATER STREAMS; MOUNTAIN STREAM; OXYGEN-UPTAKE; POROUS-MEDIA; LAND-USE AB The fate of biologically available nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) in stream ecosystems is controlled by the coupling of physical transport and biogeochemical reaction kinetics. However, determining the relative role of physical and biogeochemical controls at different temporal and spatial scales is difficult. The hyporheic zone (HZ), where groundwater-stream water mix, can be an important location controlling N and C transformations because it creates strong gradients in both the physical and biogeochemical conditions that control redox biogeochemistry. We evaluated the coupling of physical transport and biogeochemical redox reactions by linking an advection, dispersion, and residence time model with a multiple Monod kinetics model simulating the concentrations of oxygen (O-2), ammonium (NH4), nitrate (NO3), and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). We used global Monte Carlo sensitivity analyses with a nondimensional form of the model to examine coupled nitrification-denitrification dynamics across many scales of transport and reaction conditions. Results demonstrated that the residence time of water in the HZ and the uptake rate of O-2 from either respiration and/or nitrification determined whether the HZ was a source or a sink of NO3 to the stream. We further show that whether the HZ is a net NO3 source or net NO3 sink is determined by the ratio of the characteristic transport time to the characteristic reaction time of O-2 (i.e., the Damkohler number, Da(O2)), where HZs with Da(O2) < 1 will be net nitrification environments and HZs with Da(O2) << 1 will be net denitrification environments. Our coupling of the hydrologic and biogeochemical limitations of N transformations across different temporal and spatial scales within the HZ allows us to explain the widely contrasting results of previous investigations of HZ N dynamics which variously identify the HZ as either a net source or sink of NO3. Our model results suggest that only estimates of residence times and O-2 uptake rates are necessary to predict this nitrification-denitrification threshold and, ultimately, whether a HZ will be either a net source or sink of NO3. C1 [Zarnetske, Jay P.] Yale Univ, Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Haggerty, Roy] Oregon State Univ, Inst Water & Watersheds, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Haggerty, Roy; Gonzalez-Pinzon, Ricardo] Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Wondzell, Steven M.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis Forestry Sci Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Bokil, Vrushali A.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Math, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Gonzalez-Pinzon, Ricardo] Oregon State Univ, Water Resources Grad Program, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Zarnetske, JP (reprint author), Yale Univ, Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, 195 Prospect St, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. EM jay.zarnetske@yale.edu RI Haggerty, Roy/A-5863-2009; Zarnetske, Jay/F-4685-2010; Gonzalez-Pinzon, Ricardo/A-6877-2011 OI Zarnetske, Jay/0000-0003-2777-5378; Gonzalez-Pinzon, Ricardo/0000-0001-9387-6885 FU NSF Ecosystem Informatics IGERT fellowship (NSF) [DGE-0333257]; OSU Institute for Water and Watersheds; Society for Freshwater Sciences Endowment Fund; NSF [EAR-0409534, DMS-1122699, EAR-0838338]; Hollis M. Dole Environmental Geology Foundation at OSU FX Support for this project was provided by a NSF Ecosystem Informatics IGERT fellowship (NSF grant DGE-0333257) to J.P.Z., research grants from the OSU Institute for Water and Watersheds and a Society for Freshwater Sciences Endowment Fund to J.P.Z., and the NSF grant EAR-0409534 to R. H. and S. M. W. V. A. B. would like to acknowledge the NSF Mathematical Biology grant DMS-1122699 for partial support. Further research support was provided by the Hollis M. Dole Environmental Geology Foundation at OSU and NSF Grant EAR-0838338. Discussions with C. Gu and S. Gregory greatly enhanced this study. We also thank the AE and four anonymous reviewers who provided insightful comments that improved this manuscript. Any opinions, findings and conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NSF. NR 93 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 8 U2 142 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD NOV 7 PY 2012 VL 48 AR W11508 DI 10.1029/2012WR011894 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 035PZ UT WOS:000310961300001 ER PT J AU Hermann, J Fry, A Reising, M Patterson, P Siev, D Gatewood, D AF Hermann, J. Fry, A. Reising, M. Patterson, P. Siev, D. Gatewood, D. TI Rabies vaccine standards: Comparison of the 5th and 6th WHO international reference standards to the USDA veterinary reference standard SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Fifth International; Sixth International; Rabies standards; NIH test; Vaccine ID CHALLENGE; POTENCY; ROUTE; MICE AB Ensuring rabies vaccines are potent and effective is paramount in preventing transmission of this deadly disease and safeguarding public health. Efficacy of human and veterinary vaccines is ensured by evaluating relative potency estimates of the vaccine compared to a rabies reference standard using the National Institutes of Health (NIH) test. Reference vaccines are based on the International Standard for Rabies Vaccine provided by the World Health Organization (WHO). A comparison study was conducted to determine the relative potency of the 5th WHO, 6th WHO, and United States Department of Agriculture's (USDA) 08-14 reference standards using the NIH test. Results from the study demonstrate that the 6th WHO reference standard is approximately twice as potent as the 5th WHO reference when reconstituted to contain 1 IU per ml. Based on these results, the Center for Veterinary Biologics (CVB) doubled the reconstitution volume of USDA veterinary reference 08-14 from 13 ml to 26 ml, for an initial use dilution of 0.7 IU per ml for use by veterinary biologics manufacturers in the NIH test. This study emphasizes the importance of reference standard calibration for use in the National Institutes of Health test. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Hermann, J.; Fry, A.; Reising, M.; Patterson, P.; Siev, D.; Gatewood, D.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ctr Vet Biol, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Gatewood, D (reprint author), Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ctr Vet Biol, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM Donna.M.Gatewood@aphis.usda.gov NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD NOV 6 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 48 BP 6892 EP 6896 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.09.002 PG 5 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 050LA UT WOS:000312053600027 PM 22981761 ER PT J AU Ma, JC Ibekwe, AM Crowley, DE Yang, CH AF Ma, Jincai Ibekwe, A. Mark Crowley, David E. Yang, Ching-Hong TI Persistence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Major Leafy Green Producing Soils SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ASSIMILABLE ORGANIC-CARBON; MANURE-AMENDED SOIL; HEMORRHAGIC COLITIS; FRESH PRODUCE; O157-H7; SURVIVAL; WATER; LETTUCE; GROWTH; TRANSMISSION AB Persistence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in 32 (16 organically managed and 16 conventionally managed) soils from California (CA) and Arizona (AZ) was investigated. Results showed that the longest survival (ttd, time needed to reach detection limit, 100 CFU g(-1) dry soil) of E. coli 0157:H7 was observed in the soils from Salinas Valley, CA and in organically managed soils from AZ. Detrended correspondence analysis revealed that the survival profiles in organically managed soils in Yuma, AZ were different from the ones in conventionally managed soils from the same site Principal component analysis and stepwise regression analysis showed that E. colt 0157:H7 survival in soils was negatively correlated with salinity (EC) (P < 0.001), while positively correlated with assimilable organic carbon (AOC) and total nitrogen (TN) (P < 0.01). Pearson correlation analysis revealed that a greater ttd was associated with a larger (5 (time needed for first decimal reduction in E colt population). EC was negatively correlated and TN was positively correlated (P < 0.05) with 5, suggesting that EC and TN likely have a direct impact on ttd. On the other hand, AOC showed a close correlation with p (the shape parameter) that was not directly related to ttd, indicating that AOC might have an indirect effect in the overall survival of E colt O157:H7 in soils. Our data showed that AOC and EC significantly affected the survival of E. colt 0157:H7 in leafy green producing soils and the development of good agricultural practices (manure/composting/irrigation water source management) in the preharvest environment must be followed to minimize foodborne bacterial contamination on fresh produce. C1 [Ma, Jincai; Ibekwe, A. Mark] ARS, USDA, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Ma, Jincai; Crowley, David E.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Environm Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Yang, Ching-Hong] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol Sci, Milwaukee, WI 53211 USA. RP Ibekwe, AM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Salin Lab, 450 W Big Springs Rd, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM Mark.Ibekwe@ars.usda.gov RI Crowley, David/C-1216-2014; Ma, Jincai/D-1290-2013 OI Crowley, David/0000-0002-1805-8599; Ma, Jincai/0000-0002-0792-0251 FU CSREES NIFA [2008-35201-18709]; USDA-ARS [206] FX This research was supported by CSREES NIFA Agreement 2008-35201-18709 and the 206 Manure and Byproduct Utilization Project of the USDA-ARS. We thank Drs. Jorge Fonseca of the University of Arizona Yuma, Mark Trent, UC-Davis, Imperial Agricultural Experiment Station, and James McCreight of USDA-ARS Salinas, CA for providing soil samples for this study. We also thank Damon Baptista for technical help. Mention of trademark or propriety products in this manuscript does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the property by the USDA and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that may also be suitable. NR 38 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 5 U2 70 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD NOV 6 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 21 BP 12154 EP 12161 DI 10.1021/es302738z PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 031TK UT WOS:000310665000081 PM 23030401 ER PT J AU Ortega-Azorin, C Sorli, JV Asensio, EM Coltell, O Martinez-Gonzalez, MA Salas-Salvado, J Covas, MI Aros, F Lapetra, J Serra-Majem, L Gomez-Gracia, E Fiol, M Saez-Tormo, G Pinto, X Munoz, MA Ros, E Ordovas, JM Estruch, R Corella, D AF Ortega-Azorin, Carolina Sorli, Jose V. Asensio, Eva M. Coltell, Oscar Angel Martinez-Gonzalez, Miguel Salas-Salvado, Jordi Covas, Maria-Isabel Aros, Fernando Lapetra, Jose Serra-Majem, Lluis Gomez-Gracia, Enrique Fiol, Miquel Saez-Tormo, Guillermo Pinto, Xavier Angel Munoz, Miguel Ros, Emilio Ordovas, Jose M. Estruch, Ramon Corella, Dolores TI Associations of the FTO rs9939609 and the MC4R rs17782313 polymorphisms with type 2 diabetes are modulated by diet, being higher when adherence to the Mediterranean diet pattern is low SO CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Nutrigenetics; Mediterranean diet; Diabetes; FTO; MC4R; Gene-diet interactions ID CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS; BODY-MASS INDEX; DNA METHYLATION; GENE POLYMORPHISMS; FAT MASS; ASIAN POPULATIONS; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; COMMON VARIANTS; OBESITY; METAANALYSIS AB Background: Although the Fat Mass and Obesity (FTO) and Melanocortin-4 Receptor (MC4R) genes have been consistently associated with obesity risk, the association between the obesity-risk alleles with type 2 diabetes is still controversial. In some recent meta-analyses in which significant results have been reported, the associations disappeared after adjustment for body mass index (BMI). However gene-diet interactions with dietary patterns have not been investigated. Our main aim was to analyze whether these associations are modulated by the level of adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet). Methods: Case-control study in 7,052 high cardiovascular risk subjects (3,430 type 2 diabetes cases and 3,622 non-diabetic subjects) with no differences in BMI. Diet was assessed by validated questionnaires. FTO-rs9939609 and MC4R-rs17782313 were determined. An aggregate genetic score was calculated to test additive effects. Gene-diet interactions were analyzed. Results: Neither of the polymorphisms was associated with type 2 diabetes in the whole population. However, we found consistent gene-diet interactions with adherence to the MedDiet both for the FTO-rs9939609 (P-interaction=0.039), the MC4R-rs17782313 (P-interaction=0.009) and for their aggregate score (P-interaction=0.006). When adherence to the MedDiet was low, carriers of the variant alleles had higher type 2 diabetes risk (OR=1.21, 95%CI: 1.03-1.40; P=0.019 for FTO-rs9939609 and OR=1.17, 95%CI:1.01-1.36; P=0.035 for MC4R-rs17782313) than wild-type subjects. However, when adherence to the MedDiet was high, these associations disappeared (OR=0.97, 95%CI: 0.85-1.16; P=0.673 for FTO-rs9939609 and OR=0.89, 95%CI:0.78-1.02; P=0.097 for MC4R-rs17782313). These gene-diet interactions remained significant even after adjustment for BMI. As MedDiet is rich in folate, we also specifically examined folate intake and detected statistically significant interaction effects on fasting plasma glucose concentrations in non-diabetic subjects. However these findings should be interpreted with caution because folate intake may simply reflect a healthy dietary pattern. Conclusions: These novel results suggest that the association of the FTO-rs9939609 and the MC4R-rs17782313 polymorphisms with type 2 diabetes depends on diet and that a high adherence to the MedDiet counteracts the genetic predisposition. C1 [Ortega-Azorin, Carolina; Sorli, Jose V.; Asensio, Eva M.; Corella, Dolores] Univ Valencia, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med & Publ Hlth, Valencia, Spain. [Ortega-Azorin, Carolina; Sorli, Jose V.; Asensio, Eva M.; Coltell, Oscar; Salas-Salvado, Jordi; Covas, Maria-Isabel; Lapetra, Jose; Fiol, Miquel; Ros, Emilio; Estruch, Ramon; Corella, Dolores] Inst Salud Carlos III, CIBER Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr, Madrid, Spain. [Coltell, Oscar] Univ Jaume 1, Dept Comp Languages & Syst, Castellon de La Plana, Spain. [Coltell, Oscar; Ordovas, Jose M.; Corella, Dolores] Tufts Univ, JM USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr & Genom Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Angel Martinez-Gonzalez, Miguel] Univ Navarra, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med & Publ Hlth, E-31080 Pamplona, Spain. [Salas-Salvado, Jordi] Univ Rovira & Virgili, IISPV, Fac Med, Human Nutr Unit, E-43201 Reus, Spain. [Covas, Maria-Isabel] Municipal Inst Med Res IMIM, Cardiovasc Epidemiol Unit, Barcelona, Spain. [Aros, Fernando] Hosp Txagorritxu, Dept Cardiol, Vitoria, Spain. [Lapetra, Jose] San Pablo Hlth Ctr, Primary Care Div Sevilla, Dept Family Med, Seville, Spain. [Serra-Majem, Lluis] Univ Las Palmas Gran Canaria, Dept Clin Sci, Las Palmas Gran Canaria, Spain. [Gomez-Gracia, Enrique] Univ Malaga, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol, Malaga, Spain. [Fiol, Miquel] Hosp Son Dureta, Univ Inst Hlth Sci Invest, Palma de Mallorca, Spain. [Saez-Tormo, Guillermo] Univ Valencia, Sch Med, Dept Biochem, Valencia, Spain. [Pinto, Xavier] Hosp Llobregat, Hosp Univ Bellvitge, Lipids & Vasc Risk Unit, Barcelona, Spain. [Angel Munoz, Miguel] Catalan Inst Hlth, Primary Care Div, Barcelona, Spain. [Ros, Emilio] Hosp Clin Barcelona, Inst Invest Biomed August Pi Sunyer IDIBAPS, Endocrinol & Nutr Serv, Lipid Clin, Barcelona, Spain. [Ordovas, Jose M.] CNIC, Dept Cardiovasc Epidemiol & Populat Genet, Madrid, Spain. [Ordovas, Jose M.] IMDEA Alimentac, Madrid, Spain. [Estruch, Ramon] IDIBAPS, Hosp Clin, Dept Internal Med, Barcelona, Spain. [Corella, Dolores] Univ Valencia, Genet & Mol Epidemiol Unit, Valencia 46010, Spain. RP Corella, D (reprint author), Univ Valencia, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med & Publ Hlth, Valencia, Spain. EM dolores.corella@uv.es RI Lapetra, Jose/F-2552-2015; Fiol, Miguel/F-6793-2016; IBIS, ATENCION PRIMARIA/I-3524-2016; Salas-Salvado, Jordi/C-7229-2017; OI Salas-Salvado, Jordi/0000-0003-2700-7459; Martinez-Gonzalez, Miguel A./0000-0002-3917-9808; Munoz, Miguel-Angel/0000-0002-4083-3248 FU Spanish Ministry of Health (Instituto de Salud Carlos III); Ministry of Economy and Innovation, Spain; Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional [PI051839, PI070240, PI1001407, G03/140, CIBER 06/03, RD06/0045 PI07-0954, CNIC-06, PI11/02505, SAF2009-12304, AGL2010-22319-C03-03]; US Department of Agriculture Research, USA [53-K06-5-10, 58-1950-9-001]; Generalitat Valenciana, Spain [AP111/10, AP-042/11, BEST11-263, BEST/2011/261, GVACOMP2011-151, ACOMP/2011/145, ACOMP/2012/190] FX This study has been supported by The Spanish Ministry of Health (Instituto de Salud Carlos III) and the Ministry of Economy and Innovation, Spain and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (projects PI051839, PI070240, PI1001407, G03/140, CIBER 06/03, RD06/0045 PI07-0954, CNIC-06, PI11/02505, SAF2009-12304 and AGL2010-22319-C03-03), by contracts 53-K06-5-10 and 58-1950-9-001 from the US Department of Agriculture Research, USA and by the Generalitat Valenciana, Spain (AP111/10, AP-042/11, BEST11-263, BEST/2011/261, GVACOMP2011-151, ACOMP/2011/145 and ACOMP/2012/190). NR 62 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 31 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2840 J9 CARDIOVASC DIABETOL JI Cardiovasc. Diabetol. PD NOV 6 PY 2012 VL 11 AR 137 DI 10.1186/1475-2840-11-137 PG 12 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 038YQ UT WOS:000311210400001 PM 23130628 ER PT J AU Ahanda, MLE Fritz, ER Estelle, J Hu, ZL Madsen, O Groenen, MAM Beraldi, D Kapetanovic, R Hume, DA Rowland, RRR Lunney, JK Rogel-Gaillard, C Reecy, JM Giuffra, E AF Ahanda, Marie-Laure Endale Fritz, Eric R. Estelle, Jordi Hu, Zhi-Liang Madsen, Ole Groenen, Martien A. M. Beraldi, Dario Kapetanovic, Ronan Hume, David A. Rowland, Robert R. R. Lunney, Joan K. Rogel-Gaillard, Claire Reecy, James M. Giuffra, Elisabetta TI Prediction of Altered 3 '-UTR miRNA-Binding Sites from RNA-Seq Data: The Swine Leukocyte Antigen Complex (SLA) as a Model Region SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID MICRORNA TARGET RECOGNITION; MEDIATED GENE-REGULATION; PHENOTYPIC VARIATION; EXPRESSION; ACCESSIBILITY; PRINCIPLES; SEQUENCES; EVOLUTION; DISEASE; GENOME AB The SLA (swine leukocyte antigen, MHC: SLA) genes are the most important determinants of immune, infectious disease and vaccine response in pigs; several genetic associations with immunity and swine production traits have been reported. However, most of the current knowledge on SLA is limited to gene coding regions. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small molecules that post-transcriptionally regulate the expression of a large number of protein-coding genes in metazoans, and are suggested to play important roles in fine-tuning immune mechanisms and disease responses. Polymorphisms in either miRNAs or their gene targets may have a significant impact on gene expression by abolishing, weakening or creating miRNA target sites, possibly leading to phenotypic variation. We explored the impact of variants in the 3'-UTR miRNA target sites of genes within the whole SLA region. The combined predictions by TargetScan, PACMIT and TargetSpy, based on different biological parameters, empowered the identification of miRNA target sites and the discovery of polymorphic miRNA target sites (poly-miRTSs). Predictions for three SLA genes characterized by a different range of sequence variation provided proof of principle for the analysis of poly-miRTSs from a total of 144 M RNA-Seq reads collected from different porcine tissues. Twenty-four novel SNPs were predicted to affect miRNA-binding sites in 19 genes of the SLA region. Seven of these genes (SLA-1, SLA-6, SLA-DQA, SLA-DQB1, SLA-DOA, SLA-DOB and TAP1) are linked to antigen processing and presentation functions, which is reminiscent of associations with disease traits reported for altered miRNA binding to MHC genes in humans. An inverse correlation in expression levels was demonstrated between miRNAs and co-expressed SLA targets by exploiting a published dataset (RNA-Seq and small RNA-Seq) of three porcine tissues. Our results support the resource value of RNA-Seq collections to identify SNPs that may lead to altered miRNA regulation patterns. C1 [Ahanda, Marie-Laure Endale; Estelle, Jordi; Rogel-Gaillard, Claire; Giuffra, Elisabetta] INRA, UMR Genet Anim & Biol Integrat 1313, Jouy En Josas, France. [Ahanda, Marie-Laure Endale; Estelle, Jordi; Rogel-Gaillard, Claire; Giuffra, Elisabetta] CEA, DSV, IRCM, SREIT,Lab Radiobiol & Etud Genome, Jouy En Josas, France. [Ahanda, Marie-Laure Endale; Estelle, Jordi; Rogel-Gaillard, Claire; Giuffra, Elisabetta] AgroParisTech, Lab Genet Anim & Biol Integrat, Jouy En Josas, France. [Fritz, Eric R.; Hu, Zhi-Liang; Reecy, James M.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA USA. [Fritz, Eric R.; Hu, Zhi-Liang; Reecy, James M.] Iowa State Univ, Ctr Integrated Anim Genom, Ames, IA USA. [Madsen, Ole; Groenen, Martien A. M.] Wageningen Univ, Anim Breeding & Genom Ctr, Wageningen, Netherlands. [Beraldi, Dario; Kapetanovic, Ronan; Hume, David A.] Univ Edinburgh, Roslin Inst, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, Midlothian, Scotland. [Beraldi, Dario; Kapetanovic, Ronan; Hume, David A.] Univ Edinburgh, Royal Dick Sch Vet Studies, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, Midlothian, Scotland. [Rowland, Robert R. R.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Diagnost Med & Pathobiol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Lunney, Joan K.] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Giuffra, E (reprint author), INRA, UMR Genet Anim & Biol Integrat 1313, Jouy En Josas, France. EM elisabetta.giuffra@jouy.inra.fr RI Endale Ahanda, Marie-Laure/D-1661-2012; Hume, David/C-7695-2013; Giuffra, Elisabetta/I-3201-2013; Madsen, Ole/E-3730-2012; Estelle, Jordi/A-7976-2008; kapetanovic, ronan/G-8322-2012; Giuffra, Elisabetta/J-8080-2014; Groenen, Martien/D-8408-2012; Bed'Hom, Bertrand/G-7313-2011 OI Endale Ahanda, Marie-Laure/0000-0002-0861-1565; Madsen, Ole/0000-0001-8082-7881; Estelle, Jordi/0000-0002-6241-1732; Groenen, Martien/0000-0003-0484-4545; Bed'Hom, Bertrand/0000-0002-0825-0886 FU 'INRA Package' project of EG; U.S. National Pork Board; United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service FX MLEA and EG are supported by the 'INRA Package' project (2011-2014) of EG. ERF, RRRR, JKL, and JMR acknowledge support for the PRRS Host Genetics Consortium from the U.S. National Pork Board and from the United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service (JKL). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 58 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 35 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 6 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 11 AR e48607 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0048607 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 040IE UT WOS:000311315300043 ER PT J AU Horan, AJ Gao, YQ Hall, WA Johnston, MV AF Horan, Andrew J. Gao, Yuqian Hall, Wiley A. Johnston, Murray V. TI Online Characterization of Particles and Gases with an Ambient Electrospray Ionization Source SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL; ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLSURECENT DEVELOPMENTS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY TECHNIQUES; GROWTH; MS; CHEMISTRY; CLIMATE AB Methods for online characterization and quantification of gas- and particle-phase species greatly facilitate the study of aerosol particle formation and reaction mechanisms. An online method for aerosol analysis has been developed by altering a conventional electrospray ionization mass spectrometer to direct the aerosol flow through the nebulizing gas inlet. Interaction between the aerosol and electrospray droplets produces ions that are subsequently analyzed by MS or MS/MS with a quadrupole ion trap mass analyzer. Performance is assessed using both particle-phase (cesium iodide, glycine) and gas-phase (dimethylamine, dimethylnapthylamine) analytes as well as a secondary organic aerosol (SOA) produced by ozonolysis of a-pinene. Analyte signal intensity is strongly dependent on solubility in the electrospray solvent, suggesting that the predominant ionization mechanism involves extraction of the analyte into the electrospray droplets. For gas-phase analytes, gas-phase charge transfer also appears to play a minor role in ion formation. As currently configured, the source is capable of characterizing oligomers in a SOA at a mass loading of <30 mu g/m(3) and quantifying alkyl amine concentrations between approximately 8 ppb and 1 ppm. C1 [Horan, Andrew J.; Johnston, Murray V.] Univ Delaware, Dept Chem & Biochem, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Gao, Yuqian] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Hall, Wiley A.] ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Ctr, USDA, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Johnston, MV (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Chem & Biochem, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM mvj@udel.edu FU National Science Foundation [CHE1110554] FX This research was supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant CHE1110554. NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 71 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD NOV 6 PY 2012 VL 84 IS 21 BP 9253 EP 9258 DI 10.1021/ac302024y PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 031TG UT WOS:000310664600054 PM 23013239 ER PT J AU Kumar, A Simons, K Iqbal, MJ de Jimenez, MM Bassi, FM Ghavami, F Al-Azzam, O Drader, T Wang, Y Luo, MC Gu, YQ Denton, A Lazo, GR Xu, SS Dvorak, J Kianian, PMA Kianian, SF AF Kumar, Ajay Simons, Kristin Iqbal, Muhammad J. de Jimenez, Monika Michalak Bassi, Filippo M. Ghavami, Farhad Al-Azzam, Omar Drader, Thomas Wang, Yi Luo, Ming-Cheng Gu, Yong Q. Denton, Anne Lazo, Gerard R. Xu, Steven S. Dvorak, Jan Kianian, Penny M. A. Kianian, Shahryar F. TI Physical mapping resources for large plant genomes: radiation hybrids for wheat D-genome progenitor Aegilops tauschii SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Aegilops tauschii; Genetically effective cell number; Physical mapping; Radiation hybrid mapping; Repeat DNA junction marker; Wheat ID TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L.; BREAD WHEAT; NICOTIANA-PLUMBAGINIFOLIA; HEXAPLOID WHEAT; CHROMOSOME 3B; SEED DEVELOPMENT; SEQUENCE; MAP; GENE; EVOLUTION AB Background: Development of a high quality reference sequence is a daunting task in crops like wheat with large (similar to 17Gb), highly repetitive (>80%) and polyploid genome. To achieve complete sequence assembly of such genomes, development of a high quality physical map is a necessary first step. However, due to the lack of recombination in certain regions of the chromosomes, genetic mapping, which uses recombination frequency to map marker loci, alone is not sufficient to develop high quality marker scaffolds for a sequence ready physical map. Radiation hybrid (RH) mapping, which uses radiation induced chromosomal breaks, has proven to be a successful approach for developing marker scaffolds for sequence assembly in animal systems. Here, the development and characterization of a RH panel for the mapping of D-genome of wheat progenitor Aegilops tauschii is reported. Results: Radiation dosages of 350 and 450 Gy were optimized for seed irradiation of a synthetic hexaploid (AABBDD) wheat with the D-genome of Ae. tauschii accession AL8/78. The surviving plants after irradiation were crossed to durum wheat (AABB), to produce pentaploid RH(1)s (AABBD), which allows the simultaneous mapping of the whole D-genome. A panel of 1,510 RH1 plants was obtained, of which 592 plants were generated from the mature RH1 seeds, and 918 plants were rescued through embryo culture due to poor germination (<3%) of mature RH1 seeds. This panel showed a homogenous marker loss (2.1%) after screening with SSR markers uniformly covering all the D-genome chromosomes. Different marker systems mostly detected different lines with deletions. Using markers covering known distances, the mapping resolution of this RH panel was estimated to be <140kb. Analysis of only 16 RH lines carrying deletions on chromosome 2D resulted in a physical map with cM/cR ratio of 1:5.2 and 15 distinct bins. Additionally, with this small set of lines, almost all the tested ESTs could be mapped. A set of 399 most informative RH lines with an average deletion frequency of similar to 10% were identified for developing high density marker scaffolds of the D-genome. Conclusions: The RH panel reported here is the first developed for any wild ancestor of a major cultivated plant species. The results provided insight into various aspects of RH mapping in plants, including the genetically effective cell number for wheat (for the first time) and the potential implementation of this technique in other plant species. This RH panel will be an invaluable resource for mapping gene based markers, developing a complete marker scaffold for the whole genome sequence assembly, fine mapping of markers and functional characterization of genes and gene networks present on the D-genome. C1 [Kumar, Ajay; Simons, Kristin; Iqbal, Muhammad J.; de Jimenez, Monika Michalak; Bassi, Filippo M.; Ghavami, Farhad; Kianian, Penny M. A.; Kianian, Shahryar F.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Al-Azzam, Omar; Denton, Anne] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Drader, Thomas; Wang, Yi; Gu, Yong Q.; Lazo, Gerard R.] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Luo, Ming-Cheng; Dvorak, Jan] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Xu, Steven S.] USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. RP Kianian, SF (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. EM s.kianian@ndsu.edu RI Lazo, Gerard/A-8900-2009 OI Lazo, Gerard/0000-0002-9160-2052 FU National Science Foundation, Plant Genome Research Program (NSF-PGRP) [IOS-0822100] FX The authors wish to thank Justin Hegstad and Allen Peckrul for assistance in the development of RH panel and capable technical support throughout the research. We would also like to thank Dr. Phillip E. McClean for reviewing the manuscript. Thanks are also due to the members of external scientific advisory board, Drs. Ronald Phillips, Etienne Paux, Rod Wing and Volker Brendel for all their suggestions and comments. This work was supported by funding from the National Science Foundation, Plant Genome Research Program (NSF-PGRP) grant No. IOS-0822100 to SFK. NR 87 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 19 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD NOV 5 PY 2012 VL 13 AR 597 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-13-597 PG 15 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 085XI UT WOS:000314647200001 PM 23127207 ER PT J AU Lochmann, R Engle, C Kumar, G Li, MH Avery, JL Bosworth, BG Tucker, CS AF Lochmann, Rebecca Engle, Carole Kumar, Ganesh Li, Menghe H. Avery, Jimmy L. Bosworth, Brian G. Tucker, Craig S. TI Multi-batch catfish production and economic analysis using alternative (low-cost) diets with corn gluten feed and traditional diets with meat and bone meal SO AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article DE Channel catfish; Multi-batch production; Corn gluten feed; Meat and bone meal; Economic analysis ID CHANNEL CATFISH; ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS; APPARENT DIGESTIBILITY; PHOSPHORUS REQUIREMENT; AMINO-ACIDS; FEEDSTUFFS; AVAILABILITY; INGREDIENTS; PROTEIN; ENERGY AB We conducted concurrent feeding trials for one growing season with channel catfish in ponds in Mississippi and Arkansas to evaluate the production and economic effects of alternative (low-cost) feeds containing 28 or 32% protein and alternative (corn gluten feed) or traditional (porcine meat, bone and blood meal) protein sources. Supplemental lysine was added to all diets except the 32% protein traditional diet to meet meet the available lysine requirement for catfish. Higher concentrations of dicalcium phosphate were also included in the alternative diets to meet the available phosphorus requirement for catfish. Fish were stocked in a multi-batch system and the same diets and general management protocols were used at both sites. At harvest, there were no differences in the total amount of feed fed, yield of market-size fish, mean weight of market-size fish, feed conversion, survival, carcass yield, or fillet yield among dietary treatments at both sites. There were some differences in processing yield and fillet composition, but the main diet effect was the higher yield of fingerlings fed diets with 32% protein compared to 28% protein in the Arkansas trial. The 28% protein alternative (corn gluten feed) diet would result in the best Year 1 cash flow because the yield of marketable fish was the same, at a lower total feed cost. However, the lower yield of fingerlings fed 28% protein diets will weaken the farm's balance sheet and show reduced profitability. Second-year performance and economics of understocked fish fed 28% protein diets are unknown. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Lochmann, Rebecca; Engle, Carole; Kumar, Ganesh] Univ Arkansas, Aquaculture & Fisheries Ctr, Pine Bluff, AR 71601 USA. [Bosworth, Brian G.; Tucker, Craig S.] Mississippi State Univ, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Catfish Genet Res Unit, USDA ARS, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Lochmann, R (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Aquaculture & Fisheries Ctr, 1200N,Univ Dr, Pine Bluff, AR 71601 USA. EM rlochmann@uaex.edu FU Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station through a grant from USDA NIFA [MIS-391340]; USDA-ARS [58-6225-0-049] FX The authors thank Billy Rutland, Lee McIntire, and staff at the NWAC for assistance in routine management of the study, and Penny Lucas for proximate analyses of diet and tissue samples at NWAC. The project was supported under Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station Project MIS-391340 through a grant from USDA NIFA. Reference to trade names does not imply endorsement by the US Government. The authors also thank the USDA-ARS (Specific Cooperative Agreement No 58-6225-0-049) for partial funding of the UAPB study, the UAPB Aquaculture Research Station crew for assistance, and Harold Phillips and Ruguang Chen for proximate analysis of diets and tissues at UAPB. Nilima Renukdas, Todd Sink, and Harold Phillips provided helpful suggestions and comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. NR 26 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0044-8486 J9 AQUACULTURE JI Aquaculture PD NOV 5 PY 2012 VL 366 BP 34 EP 39 DI 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2012.08.052 PG 6 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 030LK UT WOS:000310572000005 ER PT J AU Durso, LM Miller, DN Wienhold, BJ AF Durso, Lisa M. Miller, Daniel N. Wienhold, Brian J. TI Distribution and Quantification of Antibiotic Resistant Genes and Bacteria across Agricultural and Non-Agricultural Metagenomes SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID FUNCTIONAL-ANALYSIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; MICROBIOME; TRACKING; FOOD AB There is concern that antibiotic resistance can potentially be transferred from animals to humans through the food chain. The relationship between specific antibiotic resistant bacteria and the genes they carry remains to be described. Few details are known about the ecology of antibiotic resistant genes and bacteria in food production systems, or how antibiotic resistance genes in food animals compare to antibiotic resistance genes in other ecosystems. Here we report the distribution of antibiotic resistant genes in publicly available agricultural and non-agricultural metagenomic samples and identify which bacteria are likely to be carrying those genes. Antibiotic resistance, as coded for in the genes used in this study, is a process that was associated with all natural, agricultural, and human-impacted ecosystems examined, with between 0.7 to 4.4% of all classified genes in each habitat coding for resistance to antibiotic and toxic compounds (RATC). Agricultural, human, and coastal-marine metagenomes have characteristic distributions of antibiotic resistance genes, and different bacteria that carry the genes. There is a larger percentage of the total genome associated with antibiotic resistance in gastrointestinal-associated and agricultural metagenomes compared to marine and Antarctic samples. Since antibiotic resistance genes are a natural part of both human-impacted and pristine habitats, presence of these resistance genes in any specific habitat is therefore not sufficient to indicate or determine impact of anthropogenic antibiotic use. We recommend that baseline studies and control samples be taken in order to determine natural background levels of antibiotic resistant bacteria and/or antibiotic resistance genes when investigating the impacts of veterinary use of antibiotics on human health. We raise questions regarding whether the underlying biology of each type of bacteria contributes to the likelihood of transfer via the food chain. C1 [Durso, Lisa M.; Miller, Daniel N.; Wienhold, Brian J.] USDA, ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Lincoln, NE USA. RP Durso, LM (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Lincoln, NE USA. EM Lisa.Durso@ars.usda.gov OI Miller, Daniel/0000-0003-3476-487X NR 31 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 91 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 2 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 11 AR e48325 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0048325 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 032GO UT WOS:000310702400032 PM 23133629 ER PT J AU Asselbergs, FW Guo, YR van Iperen, EPA Sivapalaratnam, S Tragante, V Lanktree, MB Lange, LA Almoguera, B Appelman, YE Barnard, J Baumert, J Beitelshees, AL Bhangale, TR Chen, YDI Gaunt, TR Gong, Y Hopewell, JC Johnson, T Kleber, ME Langaee, TY Li, MY Li, YR Liu, KA McDonough, CW Meijs, ME Middelberg, RPS Musunuru, K Nelson, CP O'Connell, JR Padmanabhan, S Pankow, JS Pankratz, N Rafelt, S Rajagopalan, R Romaine, SPR Schork, NJ Shaffer, J Shen, HQ Smith, EN Tischfield, SE van der Most, PJ van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, JV Verweij, N Volcik, KA Zhang, L Bailey, KR Bailey, KM Bauer, F Boer, JMA Braund, PS Burt, A Burton, PR Buxbaum, SG Chen, W Cooper-DeHoff, RM Cupples, LA deJong, JS Delles, C Duggan, D Fornage, M Furlong, CE Glazer, N Gums, JG Hastie, C Holmes, MV Illig, T Kirkland, SA Kivimaki, M Klein, R Klein, BE Kooperberg, C Kottke-Marchant, K Kumari, M LaCroix, AZ Mallela, L Murugesan, G Ordovas, J Ouwehand, WH Post, WS Saxena, R Scharnagl, H Schreiner, PJ Shah, T Shields, DC Shimbo, D Srinivasan, SR Stolk, RP Swerdlow, DI Taylor, HA Topo, EJ Toskala, E van Pelt, JL van Setten, J Yusuf, S Whittaker, JC Zwinderman, AH Anand, SS Balmforth, AJ Berenson, GS Bezzina, CR Boehm, BO Boerwinkle, E Casas, JP Caulfield, MJ Clarke, R Connell, JM Cruickshanks, KJ Davidson, KW Day, INM de Bakker, PIW Doevendans, PA Dominiczak, AE Hall, AS Hartman, CA Hengstenberg, C Hillege, HL Hofker, MH Humphries, SE Jarvik, GP Johnson, JA Kaess, BM Kathiresan, S Koenig, W Lawlor, DA Maerz, W Melander, O Mitchell, BD Montgomery, GW Munroe, PB Murray, SS Newhouse, SJ Onland-Moret, NC Poulter, N Psaty, B Redline, S Rich, SS Rotter, JI Schunkert, H Sever, P Shuldiner, AR Silverstein, RL Stanton, A Thorand, B Trip, MD Tsai, MY van der Harst, P van der Schoot, E van der Schouw, YT Verschuren, WMM Watkins, H Wilde, AAM Wolffenbuttel, BHR Whitfield, JB Hovingh, GK Ballantyne, CM Wijmenga, C Reilly, MP Martin, NG Wilson, JG Rader, DJ Samani, NJ Reiner, AP Hegele, RA Kastelein, JJP Hingorani, AD Talmud, PJ Hakonarson, H Elbers, CC Keating, BJ Drenos, F AF Asselbergs, Folkert W. Guo, Yiran van Iperen, Erik P. A. Sivapalaratnam, Suthesh Tragante, Vinicius Lanktree, Matthew B. Lange, Leslie A. Almoguera, Berta Appelman, Yolande E. Barnard, John Baumert, Jens Beitelshees, Amber L. Bhangale, Tushar R. Chen, Yii-Der Ida Gaunt, Tom R. Gong, Yan Hopewell, Jemma C. Johnson, Toby Kleber, Marcus E. Langaee, Taimour Y. Li, Mingyao Li, Yun R. Liu, Kiang McDonough, Caitrin W. Meijs, Matthijs El. Middelberg, Rita P. S. Musunuru, Kiran Nelson, Christopher P. O'Connell, Jeffery R. Padmanabhan, Sandosh Pankow, James S. Pankratz, Nathan Rafelt, Suzanne Rajagopalan, Ramakrishnan Romaine, Simon P. R. Schork, Nicholas J. Shaffer, Jonathan Shen, Haiqing Smith, Erin N. Tischfield, Sam E. van der Most, Peter J. van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, Jana V. Verweij, Niek Volcik, Kelly A. Zhang, Li Bailey, Kent R. Bailey, Kristian M. Bauer, Florianne Boer, Jolanda M. A. Braund, Peter S. Burt, Amber Burton, Paul R. Buxbaum, Sarah G. Chen, Wei Cooper-DeHoff, Rhonda M. Cupples, L. Adrienne deJong, Jonas S. Delles, Christian Duggan, David Fornage, Myriam Furlong, Clement E. Glazer, Nicole Gums, John G. Hastie, Claire Holmes, Michael V. Illig, Thomas Kirkland, Susan A. Kivimaki, Mika Klein, Ronald Klein, Barbara E. Kooperberg, Charles Kottke-Marchant, Kandice Kumari, Meena LaCroix, Andrea Z. Mallela, Laya Murugesan, Gurunathan Ordovas, Jose Ouwehand, Willem H. Post, Wendy S. Saxena, Richa Scharnagl, Hubert Schreiner, Pamela J. Shah, Tina Shields, Denis C. Shimbo, Daichi Srinivasan, Sathanur R. Stolk, Ronald P. Swerdlow, Daniel I. Taylor, Herman A., Jr. Topo, Eric J. Toskala, Elina van Pelt, Joost L. van Setten, Jessica Yusuf, Salim Whittaker, John C. Zwinderman, A. H. Anand, Sonia S. Balmforth, Anthony J. Berenson, Gerald S. Bezzina, Connie R. Boehm, Bernhard O. Boerwinkle, Eric Casas, Juan P. Caulfield, Mark J. Clarke, Robert Connell, John M. Cruickshanks, Karen J. Davidson, Karina W. Day, Ian N. M. de Bakker, Paul I. W. Doevendans, Pieter A. Dominiczak, Anna E. Hall, Alistair S. Hartman, Catharina A. Hengstenberg, Christian Hillege, Hans L. Hofker, Marten H. Humphries, Steve E. Jarvik, Gail P. Johnson, Julie A. Kaess, Bernhard M. Kathiresan, Sekar Koenig, Wolfgang Lawlor, Debbie A. Maerz, Winfried Melander, Olle Mitchell, Braxton D. Montgomery, Grant W. Munroe, Patricia B. Murray, Sarah S. Newhouse, Stephen J. Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte Poulter, Neil Psaty, Bruce Redline, Susan Rich, Stephen S. Rotter, Jerome I. Schunkert, Heribert Sever, Peter Shuldiner, Alan R. Silverstein, Roy L. Stanton, Alice Thorand, Barbara Trip, Mieke D. Tsai, Michael Y. van der Harst, Pim van der Schoot, Ellen van der Schouw, Yvonne T. Verschuren, W. M. Monique Watkins, Hugh Wilde, Arthur A. M. Wolffenbuttel, Bruce H. R. Whitfield, John B. Hovingh, G. Kees Ballantyne, Christie M. Wijmenga, Cisca Reilly, Muredach P. Martin, Nicholas G. Wilson, James G. Rader, Daniel J. Samani, Nilesh J. Reiner, Alex P. Hegele, Robert A. Kastelein, John J. P. Hingorani, Aroon D. Talmud, Philippa J. Hakonarson, Hakon Elbers, Clara C. Keating, Brendan J. Drenos, Fotios CA LifeLines Cohort Study TI Large-Scale Gene-Centric Meta-analysis across 32 Studies Identifies Multiple Lipid Loci SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Article ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; APOLIPOPROTEIN B-100; MISSING HERITABILITY; PLASMA TRIGLYCERIDES; QUANTITATIVE TRAITS; STATISTICAL-MODEL; COMPLEX TRAITS AB Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified many SNPs underlying variations in plasma-lipid levels. We explore whether additional loci associated with plasma-lipid phenotypes, such as high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), and triglycerides (TGs), can be identified by a dense gene-centric approach. Our meta-analysis of 32 studies in 66,240 individuals of European ancestry was based on the custom similar to 50,000 SNP genotyping array (the ITMAT-Broad-CARe array) covering similar to 2,000 candidate genes. SNP-lipid associations were replicated either in a cohort comprising an additional 24,736 samples or within the Global Lipid Genetic Consortium. We identified four, six, ten, and four unreported SNPs in established lipid genes for HDL-C, LDL-C, TC, and TGs, respectively. We also identified several lipid-related SNPs in previously unreported genes: DGAT2, HCAR2, GPIHBP1, PPARG, and FTO for HDL-C; SOCS3, APOH, SPTY2D1, BRCA2, and VLDLR for LDL-C; SOCS3, UGT1A1, BRCA2, UBE3B, FCGR2A, CHUK, and INSIG2 for TC; and SERPINF2, C4B, GCK, GATA4, INSR, and LPAL2 for TGs. The proportion of explained phenotypic variance in the subset of studies providing individual-level data was 9.9% for HDL-C, 9.5% for LDL-C, 10.3% for TC, and 8.0% for TGs. This large meta-analysis of lipid phenotypes with the use of a dense gene-centric approach identified multiple SNPs not previously described in established lipid genes and several previously unknown loci. The explained phenotypic variance from this approach was comparable to that from a meta-analysis of GWAS data, suggesting that a focused genotyping approach can further increase the understanding of heritability of plasma lipids. C1 [Guo, Yiran; Almoguera, Berta; Li, Yun R.; Mallela, Laya; Toskala, Elina; Hakonarson, Hakon; Keating, Brendan J.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Abramson Res Ctr, Ctr Appl Genom, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Asselbergs, Folkert W.; Tragante, Vinicius; Meijs, Matthijs El.; Doevendans, Pieter A.] Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Dept Cardiol, Div Heart & Lungs, NL-3508 GA Utrecht, Netherlands. [Asselbergs, Folkert W.; Bauer, Florianne; de Bakker, Paul I. W.; Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte; van der Schouw, Yvonne T.; Elbers, Clara C.] Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Julius Ctr Hlth Sci & Primary Care, NL-3508 GA Utrecht, Netherlands. [Asselbergs, Folkert W.; Tragante, Vinicius; van Setten, Jessica] Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Dept Med Genet, NL-3584 CX Utrecht, Netherlands. [Guo, Yiran] BGI Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, Peoples R China. [van Iperen, Erik P. A.] Durrer Ctr Cardiogenet Res, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. [van Iperen, Erik P. A.] Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Dept Clin Epidemiol Biostat & Bioinformat, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Sivapalaratnam, Suthesh; Hovingh, G. Kees] Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Dept Vasc Med, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Lanktree, Matthew B.] Univ Western Ontario, Schulich Sch Med & Dent, Dept Med, London, ON N6A 3K6, Canada. [Lanktree, Matthew B.] Univ Western Ontario, Schulich Sch Med & Dent, Dept Biochem, London, ON N6A 3K6, Canada. [Lange, Leslie A.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Genet, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. [Appelman, Yolande E.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam Med Ctr, Dept Cardiol, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Barnard, John; Zhang, Li] Cleveland Clin, Lerner Res Inst, Dept Quantitat Hlth Sci, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. [Baumert, Jens; Thorand, Barbara] German Res Ctr Environm Hlth, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, Inst Epidemiol 2, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany. [Beitelshees, Amber L.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Bhangale, Tushar R.] Genentech Inc, Dept Bioinformat & Computat Biol, San Francisco, CA 94080 USA. [Chen, Yii-Der Ida; Rotter, Jerome I.] Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Inst Med Genet, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. [Gaunt, Tom R.; Day, Ian N. M.; Lawlor, Debbie A.] Univ Bristol, Sch Social & Community Med, Ctr Causal Anal Translat Epidemiol, MRC, Bristol BS8 2BN, Avon, England. [Gong, Yan; Langaee, Taimour Y.; McDonough, Caitrin W.; Cooper-DeHoff, Rhonda M.; Johnson, Julie A.] Univ Florida, Dept Pharmacotherapy & Translat Res, Gainesville, FL 32603 USA. [Gong, Yan; Langaee, Taimour Y.; McDonough, Caitrin W.; Cooper-DeHoff, Rhonda M.; Johnson, Julie A.] Univ Florida, Ctr Pharmacogen, Gainesville, FL 32603 USA. [Hopewell, Jemma C.; Clarke, Robert] Univ Oxford, Clin Trial Serv Unit, Oxford OX3 7BN, England. [Johnson, Toby; Caulfield, Mark J.; Munroe, Patricia B.; Newhouse, Stephen J.] Queen Mary Univ London, Barts & London Sch Med, William Harvey Res Inst, Barts & London Genome Ctr, London EC1M 6BQ, England. [Kleber, Marcus E.] LURIC Study, D-79098 Freiburg, Germany. [Kleber, Marcus E.; Maerz, Winfried] Heidelberg Univ, Med Fac Mannheim, Mannheim Inst Publ Hlth Social & Prevent Med, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany. [Li, Mingyao; Reilly, Muredach P.; Rader, Daniel J.] Univ Penn, Perelman Sch Med, Cardiovasc Inst, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Liu, Kiang] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Middelberg, Rita P. S.; Montgomery, Grant W.; Whitfield, John B.; Martin, Nicholas G.] Royal Brisbane Hosp, Queensland Inst Med Res, Brisbane, Qld 4029, Australia. [Middelberg, Rita P. S.] Prince Charles Hosp, Dept Med, Chermside, Qld 4032, Australia. [Musunuru, Kiran; de Bakker, Paul I. W.; Kathiresan, Sekar] Broad Inst MIT & Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02141 USA. [Musunuru, Kiran; Kathiresan, Sekar] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Musunuru, Kiran; de Bakker, Paul I. W.; Kathiresan, Sekar] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Nelson, Christopher P.; Rafelt, Suzanne; Braund, Peter S.; Samani, Nilesh J.] Univ Leicester, Glenfield Hosp, Dept Cardiovasc Sci, Leicester LE3 9QP, Leics, England. [O'Connell, Jeffery R.; Shen, Haiqing; Mitchell, Braxton D.; Shuldiner, Alan R.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Nutr, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Padmanabhan, Sandosh; Delles, Christian; Hastie, Claire; Dominiczak, Anna E.] Univ Glasgow, Coll Med Vet & Life Sci, Inst Cardiovasc & Med Sci, BHF Glasgow Cardiovasc Res Ctr, Glasgow G12 8TA, Lanark, Scotland. [Pankow, James S.] Univ Minnesota, Div Epidemiol & Community Hlth, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Pankratz, Nathan; Tsai, Michael Y.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Rajagopalan, Ramakrishnan; Burt, Amber; Furlong, Clement E.; Jarvik, Gail P.] Univ Washington, Div Med Genet, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Rajagopalan, Ramakrishnan; Furlong, Clement E.; Jarvik, Gail P.] Univ Washington, Dept Genome Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Romaine, Simon P. R.; Bailey, Kristian M.; Balmforth, Anthony J.; Hall, Alistair S.] Univ Leeds, Leeds Inst Genet Hlth & Therapeut, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Schork, Nicholas J.; Topo, Eric J.; Murray, Sarah S.] Scripps Res Inst, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Schork, Nicholas J.; Topo, Eric J.; Murray, Sarah S.] Scripps Translat Sci Inst, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Shaffer, Jonathan; Shimbo, Daichi] Columbia Univ, Dept Med, Ctr Behav Cardiovasc Hlth, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Smith, Erin N.] Univ Calif San Diego, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, La Jolla, CA USA. [Smith, Erin N.] Univ Calif San Diego, Sch Med, Radys Childrens Hosp, La Jolla, CA USA. [Tischfield, Sam E.] Weill Cornell Med Coll, Triinst Training Program Computat Biol & Med, New York, NY 10065 USA. [van der Most, Peter J.; Stolk, Ronald P.] Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Dept Epidemiol, NL-9700 RB Groningen, Netherlands. [van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, Jana V.] Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Dept Pathol & Med Biol, Med Biol Div,Mol Genet Lab, NL-9700 RB Groningen, Netherlands. [van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, Jana V.; Wolffenbuttel, Bruce H. R.] Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Dept Endocrinol, NL-9700 RB Groningen, Netherlands. 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[Buxbaum, Sarah G.] Jackson State Univ, Sch Hlth Sci, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Jackson, MS 39217 USA. [Chen, Wei; Berenson, Gerald S.] Tulane Univ, Dept Epidemiol, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Cupples, L. Adrienne; Glazer, Nicole] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Cupples, L. Adrienne] NHLBI, Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702 USA. [deJong, Jonas S.; Bezzina, Connie R.; Wilde, Arthur A. M.] Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Dept Clin & Expt Cardiol, Heart Failure Res Ctr, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Duggan, David] Translat Genom Res Inst, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA. [Fornage, Myriam; Boerwinkle, Eric] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Gums, John G.] Univ Florida, Dept Pharmacotherapy & Translat Res, Gainesville, FL 32607 USA. [Gums, John G.] Univ Florida, Dept Community Hlth & Family Med, Gainesville, FL 32607 USA. [Holmes, Michael V.; Kivimaki, Mika; Kumari, Meena; Shah, Tina; Casas, Juan P.; Hingorani, Aroon D.] UCL, Inst Epidemiol & Hlth Care, Res Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Illig, Thomas] German Res Ctr Environm Hlth, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, Res Unit Mol Epidemiol, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany. [Illig, Thomas] Hannover Med Sch, Hannover Unified Biobank, D-30625 Hannover, Germany. [Kirkland, Susan A.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Med, Halifax, NS B3H 1V7, Canada. [Kirkland, Susan A.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Community Hlth, Halifax, NS B3H 1V7, Canada. [Klein, Ronald; Klein, Barbara E.; Cruickshanks, Karen J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Kooperberg, Charles; LaCroix, Andrea Z.; Reiner, Alex P.] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. [Kottke-Marchant, Kandice; Murugesan, Gurunathan] Cleveland Clin, Pathol & Lab Med Inst, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. [Ordovas, Jose] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ouwehand, Willem H.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Haematol, Cambridge CB10 1SA, England. [Ouwehand, Willem H.] Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Cambridge CB10 1SA, England. [Post, Wendy S.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Saxena, Richa] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Ctr Human Genet Res, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Saxena, Richa] Broad Inst MIT & Harvard, Program Med & Populat Genet, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA. [Scharnagl, Hubert] Med Univ Graz, Clin Inst Med & Chem Lab Diagnost, A-8036 Graz, Austria. [Schreiner, Pamela J.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Publ Hlth, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Shields, Denis C.] Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Dublin, Conway Inst Biomol & Biomed Res, Dublin 4, Ireland. [Srinivasan, Sathanur R.] Tulane Univ, Dept Epidemiol, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Swerdlow, Daniel I.] UCL, Inst Epidemiol & Hlth Care, Res Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Genet Epidemiol Grp, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Taylor, Herman A., Jr.] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Jackson, MS 39217 USA. [van Pelt, Joost L.] Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Lab Ctr, NL-9713 GZ Groningen, Netherlands. [Yusuf, Salim; Anand, Sonia S.] McMaster Univ, Populat Hlth Res Inst, Hamilton, ON L8L 2X2, Canada. [Whittaker, John C.] GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage SG1 2NY, Herts, England. [Whittaker, John C.] Univ London London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Noncommunicable Dis Epidemiol, London WC1E 7HT, England. [Zwinderman, A. H.] Acad Med Ctr, Department Clin Epidemiol Biostat & Bioinformat, NL-1100 DE Amsterdam, Netherlands. [LifeLines Cohort Study] Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, LifeLines Cohort Study, NL-9700 RB Groningen, Netherlands. [Bezzina, Connie R.] Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Mol & Expt Cardiol Grp, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Boehm, Bernhard O.] Univ Hosp, Dept Med, Dept Internal Med, D-89069 Ulm, Germany. [Casas, Juan P.] Univ London London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Fac Epidemiol & Populat Hlth, London WC1E 7HT, England. [Connell, John M.] Univ Dundee, Ninewells Hosp & Med Sch, Dundee DD1 9SY, Scotland. [Davidson, Karina W.] Columbia Univ, Dept Med, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Davidson, Karina W.] Columbia Univ, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY 10027 USA. [de Bakker, Paul I. W.] Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Dept Med Genet, NL-3508 GA Utrecht, Netherlands. [Hartman, Catharina A.] Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Dept Psychiat, NL-9700 AR Groningen, Netherlands. [Hengstenberg, Christian; Kaess, Bernhard M.] Univ Regensburg, Klin & Poliklin Innere Med 2, D-93042 Regensburg, Germany. [Hofker, Marten H.] Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Dept Pathol & Med Biol, Med Biol Sect, NL-9700 RB Groningen, Netherlands. [Humphries, Steve E.; Talmud, Philippa J.; Drenos, Fotios] UCL, Fac Populat Hlth Sci, Inst Cardiovasc Sci, Ctr Cardiovasc Genet, London WC1E 6JF, England. [Koenig, Wolfgang] Univ Ulm, Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med Cardiol 2, D-89081 Ulm, Germany. [Maerz, Winfried] Synlab Acad, D-68165 Mannheim, Germany. [Melander, Olle] Malmo Univ Hosp, Clin Res Ctr, SE-20502 Malmo, Sweden. [Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte] Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Dept Med Genet, Complex Genet Sect, NL-3508 GA Utrecht, Netherlands. [Poulter, Neil; Sever, Peter] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Int Ctr Circulatory Hlth, London W2 1PG, England. [Psaty, Bruce] Univ Washington, Cardiovasc Hlth Res Unit, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Psaty, Bruce] Univ Washington, Cardiovasc Hlth Res Unit, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Psaty, Bruce] Univ Washington, Cardiovasc Hlth Res Unit, Dept Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Psaty, Bruce] Grp Hlth Cooperat Puget Sound, Grp Hlth Res Inst, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. [Redline, Susan] Univ Hosp Cleveland, Case Med Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Redline, Susan] Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Rich, Stephen S.] Univ Virginia, Ctr Publ Hlth Genom, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. [Schunkert, Heribert] Med Univ Lubeck, Med Klin 2, D-23562 Lubeck, Germany. [Shuldiner, Alan R.] Vet Adm Med Ctr, Geriatr Res & Educ Clin Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Silverstein, Roy L.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland Clin, Lerner Res Inst, Dept Cell Biol, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. [Silverstein, Roy L.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland Clin, Lerner Res Inst, Dept Mol Med, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. [Stanton, Alice] Royal Coll Surgeons Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland. [Trip, Mieke D.] Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Dept Cardiol, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. [van der Schoot, Ellen] Sanquin, Dept Expt Immunol, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Watkins, Hugh] Univ Oxford, Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Dept Cardiovasc Med, Oxford OX3 7BN, England. [Ballantyne, Christie M.] Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Wilson, James G.] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Dept Physiol & Biophys, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. [Samani, Nilesh J.] Glenfield Gen Hosp, Natl Inst Hlth, Res Leicester Cardiovasc Biomed Res Unit, Leicester LE3 9QP, Leics, England. [Hegele, Robert A.] Univ Western Ontario, Robarts Res Inst, London, ON N6A 5K8, Canada. [Kastelein, John J. P.] Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Dept Vasc Med, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Keating, BJ (reprint author), Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Abramson Res Ctr, Ctr Appl Genom, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM bkeating@mail.med.upenn.edu; f.drenos@ucl.ac.uk RI Montgomery, Grant/B-7148-2008; Hegele, Robert/G-3301-2011; Buxbaum, Sarah/E-1970-2013; Newhouse, Stephen/C-9330-2011; Padmanabhan, Sandosh/S-3963-2016; Verweij, Niek/A-4499-2017; Guo, Yiran/H-4120-2011; Stolk, Ronald/B-2341-2013; Wolffenbuttel, Bruce/A-8419-2011; Stanton, Alice/F-4697-2012; Wijmenga, Cisca/D-2173-2009; van der Schouw, Yvonne/F-8327-2014; Thorand, Barbara/B-5349-2014; Jarvik, Gail/N-6476-2014; Gaunt, Tom/O-3918-2014; Boehm, Bernhard/F-8750-2015; Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte/G-9185-2011; de Bakker, Paul/B-8730-2009; OI Montgomery, Grant/0000-0002-4140-8139; Buxbaum, Sarah/0000-0002-4886-3564; Newhouse, Stephen/0000-0002-1843-9842; Shah, Tina/0000-0001-7724-7210; Franke, Lude/0000-0002-5159-8802; Cupples, L. Adrienne/0000-0003-0273-7965; Lanktree, Matthew/0000-0002-5750-6286; Stanton, Alice/0000-0002-4961-165X; van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, Jana/0000-0002-7943-3153; Guo, Yiran/0000-0002-6549-8589; Stolk, Ronald/0000-0002-0518-1205; Wolffenbuttel, Bruce/0000-0001-9262-6921; van der Schouw, Yvonne/0000-0002-4605-435X; Thorand, Barbara/0000-0002-8416-6440; Jarvik, Gail/0000-0002-6710-8708; Gaunt, Tom/0000-0003-0924-3247; de Bakker, Paul/0000-0001-7735-7858; Klein, Ronald/0000-0002-4428-6237; Watkins, Hugh/0000-0002-5287-9016; Lawlor, Debbie A/0000-0002-6793-2262; van Iperen, Erik/0000-0001-7107-3168; Topol, Eric/0000-0002-1478-4729; Martin, Nicholas/0000-0003-4069-8020; Mitchell, Braxton/0000-0003-4920-4744; Ouwehand, Willem/0000-0002-7744-1790; Pankow, James/0000-0001-7076-483X; Kivimaki, Mika/0000-0002-4699-5627; Talmud, Philippa/0000-0002-5560-1933; Johnson, Toby/0000-0002-5998-3270; Swerdlow, Daniel/0000-0002-7946-3459; Padmanabhan, Sandosh/0000-0003-3869-5808; Humphries, Stephen E/0000-0002-8221-6547; Wijmenga, Cisca/0000-0002-5635-1614; Kleber, Marcus/0000-0003-0663-7275; Kumari, Meena/0000-0001-9716-1035; Verweij, Niek/0000-0002-4303-7685 FU AHRQ HHS [HS06516]; British Heart Foundation [CH/03/001, CH/98001, PG/02/128, PG/07/131/24254, PG/07/132/24256, PG/07/133/24260, RG/07/005/23633, RG/08/008, RG/08/008/25291, RG/10/12/28456, RG/2001004, SP/07/007/23671, SP/08/005/25115]; Department of Health; Intramural NIH HHS; Medical Research Council [G0802432, G9521010, G9521010D, MC_U137686857]; NCATS NIH HHS [UL1 TR000064, UL1 TR000124, UL1 TR000135, UL1 TR000454]; NCI NIH HHS [P30 CA015704]; NCRR NIH HHS [UL1 RR025774, UL1RR025005]; NEI NIH HHS [U10EY06594]; NHGRI NIH HHS [U01HG004402]; NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL67406, HL36310, K24 HL084034, N01-HC-05187, N01-HC-15103, N01-HC-25195, N01-HC-35129, N01-HC-45134, N01-HC-45204, N01-HC-45205, N01-HC-48047, N01-HC-48048, N01-HC-48049, N01-HC-48050, N01-HC-55015, N01-HC-55016, N01-HC-55018, N01-HC-55019, N01-HC-55020, N01-HC-55021, N01-HC-55022, N01-HC-55222, N01-HC-75150, N01-HC-85079, N01-HC-85080, N01-HC-85081, N01-HC-85082, N01-HC-85083, N01-HC-85084, N01-HC-85085, N01-HC-85086, N01-HC-95095, N01-HC-95100, N01-HC-95159, N01-HC-95160, N01-HC-95161, N01-HC-95162, N01-HC-95163, N01-HC-95164, N01-HC-95165, N01-HC-95166, N01-HC-95167, N01-HC-95168, N01-HC-95169, P01 HL088117, P50HL81011, R01 HL088119, R01 HL091099, R01 HL105756, R01-HL-071205, R01-HL-076784, R01-HL-092577, R01HL086694, R01HL087641, R01HL59367, U01 HL72515, U01-HL-080295]; NIA NIH HHS [AG-16592, AG13196, R01 AG011099, R01 AG016592, R01 AG021917, R01 AG18728, R01-AG-028321, R01AG021917, R37 AG011099, R37AG11099]; NICHD NIH HHS [HD-061437, HD-062783]; NIDDK NIH HHS [P30 DK063491, P30 DK072488]; NIGMS NIH HHS [U01 GM074492, U01-GM074492]; NIMHD NIH HHS [P20 MD006899]; Wellcome Trust [, 090532] NR 76 TC 95 Z9 95 U1 4 U2 41 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD NOV 2 PY 2012 VL 91 IS 5 BP 823 EP 838 DI 10.1016/j.ajhg.2012.08.032 PG 16 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 036FI UT WOS:000311011400005 PM 23063622 ER PT J AU Tsuruda, JM Harris, JW Bourgeois, L Danka, RG Hunt, GJ AF Tsuruda, Jennifer M. Harris, Jeffrey W. Bourgeois, Lanie Danka, Robert G. Hunt, Greg J. TI High-Resolution Linkage Analyses to Identify Genes That Influence Varroa Sensitive Hygiene Behavior in Honey Bees SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID APIS-MELLIFERA L.; DESTRUCTOR MESOSTIGMATA VARROIDAE; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; DEFORMED WING VIRUS; JACOBSONI OUD; COLONY LOSSES; ECTOPARASITIC MITE; PHOSPHOLIPASE-C; UNITED-STATES; FLUVALINATE RESISTANCE AB Varroa mites (V. destructor) are a major threat to honey bees (Apis melilfera) and beekeeping worldwide and likely lead to colony decline if colonies are not treated. Most treatments involve chemical control of the mites; however, Varroa has evolved resistance to many of these miticides, leaving beekeepers with a limited number of alternatives. A non-chemical control method is highly desirable for numerous reasons including lack of chemical residues and decreased likelihood of resistance. Varroa sensitive hygiene behavior is one of two behaviors identified that are most important for controlling the growth of Varroa populations in bee hives. To identify genes influencing this trait, a study was conducted to map quantitative trait loci (QTL). Individual workers of a backcross family were observed and evaluated for their VSH behavior in a mite-infested observation hive. Bees that uncapped or removed pupae were identified. The genotypes for 1,340 informative single nucleotide polymorphisms were used to construct a high-resolution genetic map and interval mapping was used to analyze the association of the genotypes with the performance of Varroa sensitive hygiene. We identified one major QTL on chromosome 9 (LOD score = 3.21) and a suggestive QTL on chromosome 1 (LOD = 1.95). The QTL confidence interval on chromosome 9 contains the gene 'no receptor potential A' and a dopamine receptor. 'No receptor potential A' is involved in vision and olfaction in Drosophila, and dopamine signaling has been previously shown to be required for aversive olfactory learning in honey bees, which is probably necessary for identifying mites within brood cells. Further studies on these candidate genes may allow for breeding bees with this trait using marker-assisted selection. C1 [Tsuruda, Jennifer M.; Hunt, Greg J.] Purdue Univ, Dept Entomol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Harris, Jeffrey W.; Bourgeois, Lanie; Danka, Robert G.] USDA, ARS, Dept Agr, Honey Bee Breeding Genet & Physiol Res Lab, Baton Rouge, LA USA. RP Tsuruda, JM (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Entomol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM jmtsuruda@gmail.com FU USDA-NRI [2008-35302-18803]; Managed Pollinator Coordinated Agricultural Project [USDA-NIFA 2009-8511805718] FX This research was funded by a USDA-NRI award (2008-35302-18803) and the Managed Pollinator Coordinated Agricultural Project (USDA-NIFA 2009-8511805718) to GJH. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 107 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 73 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 2 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 11 AR e48276 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0048276 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 032GO UT WOS:000310702400030 PM 23133626 ER PT J AU Yilmaz, MT Crow, WT Anderson, MC Hain, C AF Yilmaz, M. T. Crow, W. T. Anderson, M. C. Hain, C. TI An objective methodology for merging satellite- and model-based soil moisture products SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ERROR CHARACTERIZATION; TRIPLE COLLOCATION; NEAR-SURFACE; VALIDATION; ASSIMILATION; RETRIEVAL; PRECIPITATION; VEGETATION; ENSEMBLE; NETWORK AB An objective methodology that does not require any user-defined parameter assumptions is introduced to obtain an improved soil moisture product along with associated uncertainty estimates. This new product is obtained by merging model-, thermal infrared remote sensing-, and microwave remote sensing-based soil moisture estimates in a least squares framework where uncertainty estimates for each product are obtained using triple collocation. The merged anomaly product is validated against in situ based soil moisture data and shows higher correlations with observations than individual input products; however, it is not superior to a naively merged product acquired by averaging the products using equal weighting. The resulting combined soil moisture estimate is an improvement over currently available soil moisture products due to its reduced uncertainty and can be used as a standalone soil moisture product with available uncertainty estimates. C1 [Yilmaz, M. T.] USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, BARC W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Hain, C.] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Yilmaz, MT (reprint author), USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, BARC W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM tugrul.yilmaz@ars.usda.gov RI Hain, Christopher/G-3512-2012; Anderson, Martha/C-1720-2015 OI Hain, Christopher/0000-0002-0093-6816; Anderson, Martha/0000-0003-0748-5525 FU NASA [NNX06AG07G] FX We thank Jeffrey Basara of University of OK and Micheal Cosh of U.S. Department of Agriculture for the MESO-NET and SCAN soil moisture data sets. We also thank the anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments, which led numerous clarifications in the final version of the manuscript. Research was partially supported by NASA Terrestrial Hydrology Program grant NNX06AG07G entitled "Monitoring of Root-Zone Soil Moisture Using Multi-Frequency Observations of Surface Soil Moisture and Evapotranspiration." U.S. Department of Agriculture is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 49 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 29 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 EI 1944-7973 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD NOV 2 PY 2012 VL 48 AR W11502 DI 10.1029/2011WR011682 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 032EA UT WOS:000310694200002 ER PT J AU Into, F Schuenzel, E Barr, N Park, SY Ruiz-Arce, R AF Into, F. Schuenzel, E. Barr, N. Park, S. Y. Ruiz-Arce, R. TI Molecular analysis of the West Indian fruit fly Anastrepha obliqua collected in Jamaica using mitochondrial markers SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society (APS) Caribbean-Division CY APR 16-18, 2012 CL South Padre Island, TX SP Amer Phytopathol Soc (APS), Caribbean Div C1 [Park, S. Y.] Penn State, University Pk, PA USA. [Into, F.; Schuenzel, E.] Univ Texas Pan Amer, Edinburg, TX 78541 USA. [Barr, N.; Ruiz-Arce, R.] USDA APHIS, Mission, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD NOV PY 2012 VL 102 IS 11 SU 6 BP 3 EP 3 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 196TA UT WOS:000322798200012 ER PT J AU Islam, M Glynn, J Lin, H AF Islam, M. Glynn, J. Lin, H. TI Microsatellite based genetic diversity and structure of 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' associated with citrus Huanglongbing worldwide SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society (APS) Caribbean-Division CY APR 16-18, 2012 CL South Padre Island, TX SP Amer Phytopathol Soc (APS), Caribbean Div C1 [Islam, M.; Glynn, J.; Lin, H.] USDA ARS, Crop Dis Pests & Genet Res Unit, Parlier, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD NOV PY 2012 VL 102 IS 11 SU 6 BP 3 EP 3 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 196TA UT WOS:000322798200013 ER PT J AU Latoni-Brailowsky, EI Serrato-Diaz, LM Rivera-Vargas, LI Goenaga, R French-Monar, RD AF Latoni-Brailowsky, E. I. Serrato-Diaz, L. M. Rivera-Vargas, L. I. Goenaga, R. French-Monar, R. D. TI Use of scanning electron microscopy in the speciation of Gliocephalotrichum spp. in rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society (APS) Caribbean-Division CY APR 16-18, 2012 CL South Padre Island, TX SP Amer Phytopathol Soc (APS), Caribbean Div C1 [Latoni-Brailowsky, E. I.; Rivera-Vargas, L. I.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Crops & Agroenvironm Sci, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Serrato-Diaz, L. M.; French-Monar, R. D.] Texas A&M Syst, Texas AgriLife Extens Service, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Amarillo, TX USA. [Goenaga, R.] USDA ARS, Trop Agr Res Stn, Mayaguez, PR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD NOV PY 2012 VL 102 IS 11 SU 6 BP 3 EP 3 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 196TA UT WOS:000322798200014 ER PT J AU Serrato-Diaz, LM Latoni-Brailowsky, EI Rivera-Vargas, LI Goenaga, R French-Monar, RD AF Serrato-Diaz, L. M. Latoni-Brailowsky, E. I. Rivera-Vargas, L. I. Goenaga, R. French-Monar, R. D. TI The persistence of Gliocephalotrichum bulbilium and G. simplex causing fruit rot of rambutan in Puerto Rico SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society (APS) Caribbean-Division CY APR 16-18, 2012 CL South Padre Island, TX SP Amer Phytopathol Soc (APS), Caribbean Div C1 [Latoni-Brailowsky, E. I.; Rivera-Vargas, L. I.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Crops & Agroenvironm Sci, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Serrato-Diaz, L. M.; French-Monar, R. D.] Texas A&M Syst, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Texas AgriLife Extens Serv, Amarillo, TX USA. [Goenaga, R.] USDA ARS, Trop Agr Res Stn, Mayaguez, PR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD NOV PY 2012 VL 102 IS 11 SU 6 BP 6 EP 6 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 196TA UT WOS:000322798200028 ER PT J AU Choudhury, RA McRoberts, N Mahaffee, WF Gubler, WD AF Choudhury, R. A. McRoberts, N. Mahaffee, W. F. Gubler, W. D. TI Modeling uncertainty in grapevine powdery mildew SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society (APS) Pacific-Division CY JUN 27-29, 2012 CL Sacramento, CA SP Amer Phytopathol Soc (APS), Pacific Div C1 [Mahaffee, W. F.] USDA ARS, Corvallis, OR USA. [Choudhury, R. A.; McRoberts, N.; Gubler, W. D.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA USA. RI McRoberts, Neil/E-7778-2012 OI McRoberts, Neil/0000-0001-6346-9461 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD NOV PY 2012 VL 102 IS 11 SU 6 BP 8 EP 8 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 196TA UT WOS:000322798200036 ER PT J AU Maketon, C Okubara, PA AF Maketon, C. Okubara, P. A. TI Wheat root defense gene induction by biocontrol Pseudomonas fluorescens SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society (APS) Pacific-Division CY JUN 27-29, 2012 CL Sacramento, CA SP Amer Phytopathol Soc (APS), Pacific Div C1 [Maketon, C.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Okubara, P. A.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Root Dis & Biol Control Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD NOV PY 2012 VL 102 IS 11 SU 6 BP 10 EP 10 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 196TA UT WOS:000322798200048 ER PT J AU Weiland, J AF Weiland, J. TI Verticillium dahliae in production fields of the ornamental nursery industry SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society (APS) Pacific-Division CY JUN 27-29, 2012 CL Sacramento, CA SP Amer Phytopathol Soc (APS), Pacific Div C1 [Weiland, J.] USDA ARS, Corvallis, OR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD NOV PY 2012 VL 102 IS 11 SU 6 BP 13 EP 13 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 196TA UT WOS:000322798200063 ER PT J AU McManamay, RA Orth, DJ Dolloff, CA Frimpong, EA AF McManamay, R. A. Orth, D. J. Dolloff, C. A. Frimpong, E. A. TI REGIONAL FRAMEWORKS APPLIED TO HYDROLOGY: CAN LANDSCAPE-BASED FRAMEWORKS CAPTURE THE HYDROLOGIC VARIABILITY? SO RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE flow classification; environmental flow standards; hydrologic landscape regions ID SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; NATURAL FLOW REGIME; PHYSIOGRAPHIC PROVINCES; LAND-USE; CLASSIFICATION; STREAMFLOW; ECOSYSTEMS; WATERSHEDS; DRAINAGE; MODELS AB Regional frameworks have been used extensively in recent years to aid in broad-scale management. Widely used landscape-based regional frameworks, such as hydrologic landscape regions (HLRs) and physiographic provinces, may provide predictive tools of hydrologic variability. However, hydrologic-based regional frameworks, created using only streamflow data, are also available and have been created at various scales; thus, relating frameworks that share a common purpose can be informative. In addition, identifying how the relative importance of variables change in governing streamflow with respect to scale can also be informative. The purpose of this study was to determine whether landscape-based frameworks could explain variation in streamflow classifications and in the hydrologic variables used in their creation. We also evaluated how climate and watershed-based variables govern the divergence of different flow classifications at two different scales. HLRs and physiographic provinces poorly predicted flow class affiliation within our study and for the entire USA, although physiographic provinces explained more variability. We also found that HLRs explained very little variation in individual hydrologic parameters. Using variables summarized at the watershed scale, we found that climate will play a larger role in influencing hydrology across the entire US, whereas soils may govern variation in hydrology at smaller scales. Our results suggest that predictor variables, developed at the watershed scale, may be the most appropriate at explaining hydrology and that the variables used in creating regional landscape-based frameworks may be more useful than the frameworks themselves. In addition, managers should be careful when using landscape-based regional classifications for stream management because the scale of their construction may be too broad to capture differences in flow variability. Copyright (C) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [McManamay, R. A.] Virginia Tech, Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Dolloff, C. A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA USA. RP McManamay, RA (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, 113 Cheatham Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM rmcmanam@vt.edu OI Orth, Donald/0000-0002-9236-0147 FU Cheoah Fund Board; Alcoa Power; USDA Forest Service; US Fish and Wildlife Service; North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission; NC Division of Water Resources-DENR FX This work was funded by the Cheoah Fund Board, a multi-agency collaboration between Alcoa Power, USDA Forest Service, US Fish and Wildlife Service, North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission and the NC Division of Water Resources-DENR and other grants provided by the USDA Forest Service. We are thankful for the useful comments from one anonymous reviewer. We would also like to sincerely thank LeRoy Poff for allowing the US classification dataset to be publicly available. We also thank Jim Henriksen for the advice and helpful comments. NR 36 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1535-1459 J9 RIVER RES APPL JI River Res. Appl. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 28 IS 9 BP 1325 EP 1339 DI 10.1002/rra.1535 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 025CO UT WOS:000310162200001 ER PT J AU Vernier, S Chiu, A Schober, J Weber, T Nguyen, P Luer, M McPherson, T Wanda, PE Marshall, CA Rohatgi, N McDaniel, ML Greenberg, AS Kwon, G AF Vernier, Stephanie Chiu, Angela Schober, Joseph Weber, Theresa Phuong Nguyen Luer, Mark McPherson, Timothy Wanda, Paul E. Marshall, Connie A. Rohatgi, Nidhi McDaniel, Michael L. Greenberg, Andrew S. Kwon, Guim TI beta-cell metabolic alterations under chronic nutrient overload in rat and human islets SO ISLETS LA English DT Article DE lipid droplets; mTORC1; ADRP; rapamycin; nutrient overload; human islets; time lapse studies; insulin ID TYPE-2 DIABETES-MELLITUS; CYCLE PROGRESSION; MAMMALIAN TARGET; FATTY-ACIDS; TRIGLYCERIDE ACCUMULATION; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; PANCREATIC-ISLETS; LIPID-METABOLISM; DNA-SYNTHESIS AB The aim of this study was to assess multifactorial beta-cell responses to metabolic perturbations in primary rat and human islets. Treatment of dispersed rat islet cells with elevated glucose and free fatty acids (FFAs, oleate: palmitate = 1:1 v/v) resulted in increases in the size and the number of lipid droplets in beta-cells in a time-and concentration-dependent manner. Glucose and FFAs synergistically stimulated the nutrient sensor mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). A potent mTORC1 inhibitor, rapamycin (25 nM), significantly reduced triglyceride accumulation in rat islets. Importantly, lipid droplets accumulated only in beta-cells but not in alpha-cells in an mTORC1-dependent manner. Nutrient activation of mTORC1 upregulated the expression of adipose differentiation related protein (ADRP), known to stabilize lipid droplets. Rat islet size and new DNA synthesis also increased under nutrient overload. Insulin secretion into the culture medium increased steadily over a 4-d period without any significant difference between glucose (10 mM) alone and the combination of glucose (10 mM) and FFAs (240 mu M). Insulin content and insulin biosynthesis, however, were significantly reduced under the combination of nutrients compared with glucose alone. Elevated nutrients also stimulated lipid droplet formation in human islets in an mTORC1-dependent manner. Unlike rat islets, however, human islets did not increase in size under nutrient overload despite a normal response to nutrients in releasing insulin. The different responses of islet cell growth under nutrient overload appear to impact insulin biosynthesis and storage differently in rat and human islets. C1 [Vernier, Stephanie; Wanda, Paul E.] So Illinois Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Edwardsville, IL 62026 USA. [Chiu, Angela; Schober, Joseph; Weber, Theresa; Phuong Nguyen; Luer, Mark; McPherson, Timothy; Kwon, Guim] So Illinois Univ, Sch Pharm, Edwardsville, IL 62026 USA. [Marshall, Connie A.; Rohatgi, Nidhi; McDaniel, Michael L.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Immunol, St Louis, MO USA. [Greenberg, Andrew S.] Tufts Univ, JM USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Kwon, G (reprint author), So Illinois Univ, Sch Pharm, Edwardsville, IL 62026 USA. EM gkwon@siue.edu FU NIH [1R15DK094142, DK06181, DK00618146S1, RO1-DK0822574, 1RC2ES018781]; SIUE Internal Grants; American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy; Washington University Diabetes Research and Training Center Morphology and BioImaging Core [DK20579, ADA 7-08-RA-57]; USDA; Agricultural Research Service [58-1950-7-707] FX This work was supported by NIH Grant 1R15DK094142 (G.K.), SIUE Internal Grants (G.K.), American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy (G.K.), NIH Grant DK06181 (M.L.M.), DK00618146S1 (M.L.M.), Washington University Diabetes Research and Training Center Morphology and BioImaging Core DK20579 (M.L.M.), ADA 7-08-RA-57 (A.S.G.), USDA, Agricultural Research Service 58-1950-7-707 (A.S.G.), NIH RO1-DK0822574 (A.S.G.) and 1RC2ES018781 (A.S.G.). All procedures performed on animals were approved by the SIUE Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. NR 42 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE PI AUSTIN PA 1806 RIO GRANDE ST, AUSTIN, TX 78702 USA SN 1938-2014 J9 ISLETS JI Islets PD NOV-DEC PY 2012 VL 4 IS 6 BP 379 EP 392 DI 10.4161/isl.22720 PG 14 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 104BV UT WOS:000315965200003 PM 23247575 ER PT J AU Yu, JJ AF Yu, Jiujiang TI Current Understanding on Aflatoxin Biosynthesis and Future Perspective in Reducing Aflatoxin Contamination SO TOXINS LA English DT Review DE aflatoxins; mycotoxins; Aspergillus flavus; gene cluster; gene regulation; biocontrol; food contaminants ID VERSICONAL HEMIACETAL ACETATE; CHEMICALLY DEFINED MEDIUM; VERSICOLORIN B SYNTHASE; REGULATORY PROTEIN AFLR; FATTY-ACID SYNTHASES; ASPERGILLUS-PARASITICUS; GENE-CLUSTER; NORSOLORINIC ACID; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; POLYKETIDE SYNTHASE AB Traditional molecular techniques have been used in research in discovering the genes and enzymes that are involved in aflatoxin formation and genetic regulation. We cloned most, if not all, of the aflatoxin pathway genes. A consensus gene cluster for aflatoxin biosynthesis was discovered in 2005. The factors that affect aflatoxin formation have been studied. In this report, the author summarized the current status of research progress and future possibilities that may be used for solving aflatoxin contamination. C1 ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. RP Yu, JJ (reprint author), ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. EM Jiujiang.yu@ars.usda.gov NR 259 TC 38 Z9 43 U1 6 U2 73 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-6651 J9 TOXINS JI Toxins PD NOV PY 2012 VL 4 IS 11 BP 1024 EP 1057 DI 10.3390/toxins4111024 PG 34 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 096LV UT WOS:000315406500005 PM 23202305 ER PT J AU Kong, Q Zhai, CP Guan, B Li, CJ Shan, SH Yu, JJ AF Kong, Qing Zhai, Cuiping Guan, Bin Li, Chunjuan Shan, Shihua Yu, Jiujiang TI Mathematic Modeling for Optimum Conditions on Aflatoxin B-1 Degradation by the Aerobic Bacterium Rhodococcus erythropolis SO TOXINS LA English DT Article DE Rhodococcus erythropolis; degradation efficiency; optimization; Plackett-Burman design; central composite design; response surface methodology; aflatoxins ID RESPONSE-SURFACE METHODOLOGY; ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS; BIOLOGICAL DEGRADATION; OPTIMIZATION; GROWTH; ACCUMULATION; PARASITICUS; INHIBITION; BIOCONTROL; CULTURE AB Response surface methodology was employed to optimize the degradation conditions of AFB(1) by Rhodococcus erythropolis in liquid culture. The most important factors that influence the degradation, as identified by a two-level Plackett-Burman design with six variables, were temperature, pH, liquid volume, inoculum size, agitation speed and incubation time. Central composite design (CCD) and response surface analysis were used to further investigate the interactions between these variables and to optimize the degradation efficiency of R. erythropolis based on a second-order model. The results demonstrated that the optimal parameters were: temperature, 23.2 degrees C; pH, 7.17; liquid volume, 24.6 mL in 100-mL flask; inoculum size, 10%; agitation speed, 180 rpm; and incubation time, 81.9 h. Under these conditions, the degradation efficiency of R. erythropolis could reach 95.8% in liquid culture, which was increased by about three times as compared to non-optimized conditions. The result by mathematic modeling has great potential for aflatoxin removal in industrial fermentation such as in food processing and ethanol production. C1 [Kong, Qing; Zhai, Cuiping; Guan, Bin] Ocean Univ China, Sch Food Sci & Engn, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Li, Chunjuan; Shan, Shihua] Shandong Peanut Res Inst, Qingdao 266100, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Yu, Jiujiang] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Kong, Q (reprint author), Ocean Univ China, Sch Food Sci & Engn, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, Peoples R China. EM kongqing@ouc.edu.cn; tomato-yy@163.com; guanbin@ouc.edu.cn; peanutlab@163.com; shhshan@sina.com; Jiujiang.yu@ars.usda.gov FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31000823]; Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (PCSIRT); Qingdao Municipal Science and Technology Commission, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China [08-1-3-24-jch] FX This research was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (31000823), Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (PCSIRT) and a research grant from Qingdao Municipal Science and Technology Commission (08-1-3-24-jch), Shandong Province, People's Republic of China. NR 29 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 19 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-6651 J9 TOXINS JI Toxins PD NOV PY 2012 VL 4 IS 11 BP 1181 EP 1195 DI 10.3390/toxins4111181 PG 15 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 096LV UT WOS:000315406500011 PM 23202311 ER PT J AU Kebede, H Abbas, HK Fisher, DK Bellaloui, N AF Kebede, Hirut Abbas, Hamed K. Fisher, Daniel K. Bellaloui, Nacer TI Relationship between Aflatoxin Contamination and Physiological Responses of Corn Plants under Drought and Heat Stress SO TOXINS LA English DT Article DE aflatoxin contamination; Aspergillus flavus; cell membrane thermostability; drought stress; heat stress; oxidative stress; photosynthetic pigments; Photosystem II ID STAY-GREEN TRAIT; ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; MAIZE; RESISTANCE; BIOSYNTHESIS; TEMPERATURE; PEANUTS; IDENTIFICATION; ANTIOXIDANTS AB Increased aflatoxin contamination in corn by the fungus Aspergillus flavus is associated with frequent periods of drought and heat stress during the reproductive stages of the plants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between aflatoxin contamination and physiological responses of corn plants under drought and heat stress. The study was conducted in Stoneville, MS, USA under irrigated and non-irrigated conditions. Five commercial hybrids, P31G70, P33F87, P32B34, P31B13 and DKC63-42 and two inbred germplasm lines, PI 639055 and PI 489361, were evaluated. The plants were inoculated with Aspergillus flavus (K-54) at mid-silk stage, and aflatoxin contamination was determined on the kernels at harvest. Several physiological measurements which are indicators of stress response were determined. The results suggested that PI 639055, PI 489361 and hybrid DKC63-42 were more sensitive to drought and high temperature stress in the non-irrigated plots and P31G70 was the most tolerant among all the genotypes. Aflatoxin contamination was the highest in DKC63-42 and PI 489361 but significantly lower in P31G70. However, PI 639055, which is an aflatoxin resistant germplasm, had the lowest aflatoxin contamination, even though it was one of the most stressed genotypes. Possible reasons for these differences are discussed. These results suggested that the physiological responses were associated with the level of aflatoxin contamination in all the genotypes, except PI 639055. These and other physiological responses related to stress may help examine differences among corn genotypes in aflatoxin contamination. C1 [Kebede, Hirut; Bellaloui, Nacer] ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Abbas, Hamed K.] ARS, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Fisher, Daniel K.] ARS, Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Kebede, H (reprint author), ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, USDA, 141 Expt Stn Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM hirut.kebede@ars.usda.gov; hamed.abbas@ars.usda.gov; daniel.fisher@ars.usda.gov; nacer.bellaloui@ars.usda.gov FU [6402-42000-003-00D] FX The authors wish to thank Roderick Patterson, Agricultural Science Research Technician, for his expertise and assistance in field operations during this study and Kevin Colvin, Electronics Technician, for his assistance in field instrumentation. We also wish to thank Bobbie Johnson, Nicholas Phillips and Jamie Hardin for their help in aflatoxin determination and Sandra Mosley for analyzing seed composition. The study was executed with support from the research project 6402-42000-003-00D. NR 50 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 31 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-6651 J9 TOXINS JI Toxins PD NOV PY 2012 VL 4 IS 11 BP 1385 EP 1403 DI 10.3390/toxins4111385 PG 19 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 096LV UT WOS:000315406500022 PM 23202322 ER PT J AU St John, FJ Preston, JF Pozharski, E AF St John, Franz J. Preston, James F. Pozharski, Edwin TI Novel structural features of xylanase A1 from Paenibacillus sp JDR-2 SO JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Paenibacillus; Modular xylanase; GH10; Glycosyl hydrolase family 10; GH10 structure ID STREPTOMYCES-OLIVACEOVIRIDIS E-86; MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; SUBSTRATE-BINDING CLEFT; HYDROLASE FAMILY 10; SP STRAIN JDR-2; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; ALDOURONATE UTILIZATION; CRYPTOCOCCUS-ALBIDUS; GLYCOSYL HYDROLASES; CELLULOSA XYLANASE AB The Gram-positive bacterium Paenibacillus sp. JDR-2 (PbJDR2) has been shown to have novel properties in the utilization of the abundant but chemically complex hemicellulosic sugar glucuronoxylan. Xylanase A1 of PbJDR2 (PbXynA1) has been implicated in an efficient process in which extracellular depolymerization of this polysaccharide is coupled to assimilation and intracellular metabolism. PbXynA1 is a 154 kDa cell wall anchored multimodular glycosyl hydrolase family 10 (GH10) xylanase. In this work, the 38 kDa catalytic module of PbXynA1 has been structurally characterized revealing several new features not previously observed in structures of GH10 xylanases. These features are thought to facilitate hydrolysis of highly substituted, chemically complex xylans that may be the form found in close proximity to the cell wall of PbJDR2, an organism shown to have a preference for growth on polymeric glucuronoxylan. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [St John, Franz J.; Pozharski, Edwin] Univ Maryland, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Preston, James F.] Univ Florida, Dept Microbiol & Cell Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP St John, FJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM fjstjohn@gmail.com; jpreston@ufl.edu; epozhars@rx.umaryland.edu RI St John, Franz/J-8970-2016; OI St John, Franz/0000-0003-3458-5628; Pozharski, Edwin/0000-0001-7012-5376 FU USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-10006-30358]; Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research; National Institutes of Health, National Center for Research Resources, Biomedical Technology Program; National Institute of General Medical Sciences FX We would like to thank the University of Maryland X-ray Crystallography Shared Service for crystallographic resources. This project was supported in part by Biomass Research & Development Initiative Competitive Grant No. 2011-10006-30358 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. Professional support for this work was provided by Diane Dietrich at the Forest Products Laboratory and John D. Rice at the University of Florida, Department of Microbiology and Cell Science. Portions of this research were carried out at the SSRL, a national user facility operated by Stanford University on behalf of the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. The SSRL Structural Molecular Biology Program is supported by the Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, and by the National Institutes of Health, National Center for Research Resources, Biomedical Technology Program and the National Institute of General Medical Sciences. NR 57 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 19 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1047-8477 J9 J STRUCT BIOL JI J. Struct. Biol. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 180 IS 2 BP 303 EP 311 DI 10.1016/j.jsb.2012.09.007 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 095AR UT WOS:000315307400005 PM 23000703 ER PT J AU Volk, GM Bonnart, R Krueger, R Lee, R AF Volk, Gayle M. Bonnart, Remi Krueger, Robert Lee, Richard TI CRYOPRESERVATION OF CITRUS SHOOT TIPS USING MICROGRAFTING FOR RECOVERY SO CRYOLETTERS LA English DT Article DE citrus; cryopreservation; micrografting; shoot tip ID PONCIRUS-TRIFOLIATA L.; ENCAPSULATION-DEHYDRATION TECHNIQUE; EMBRYONIC AXES; VITRIFICATION; PLANTS; ASIATICUS; PATHOGEN; SURVIVAL; INVITRO; OSBECK. AB The USDA-ARS National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS) and the University of California Citrus Variety Collection maintain more than 888 unique accessions representing 132 taxa of Citrus, Fortunella, and citrus wild species within field, screenhouse, and greenhouse collections. We have identified a cryopreservation method by which Citrus genetic resources that are not maintained in vitro can be successfully conserved. Shoot tips were excised from actively growing vegetative flushes of protected trees. Surface-disinfected shoot tips were precultured overnight in 0.3 M sucrose, loaded with a loading solution for 20 mm and treated with PVS2 for 30 or 60 mm at 0 degrees C, prior to direct immersion in liquid nitrogen. Rewarmed shoot tips post-cultured overnight on survival medium were then micrografted on 'Carrizo' seedling rootstocks to produce whole plants. Micrografted shoot tips recovered quickly and rooted plants could be transferred to the greenhouse within months. Regrowth of whole plants after micrografting averaged 53% for cryopreserved shoot tips of cultivars representing eight Citrus and Fortunella species. This method has several advantages: it uses screenhouse or greenhouse plants as source materials, it is not dependent upon cultivar-specific recovery media, and it avoids seedling juvenility. C1 [Volk, Gayle M.; Bonnart, Remi] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Krueger, Robert; Lee, Richard] USDA ARS Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository Citrus, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Volk, GM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, 1111 S Mason St, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM Gayle.Volk@ars.usda.gov NR 32 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 25 PU CRYO LETTERS PI LONDON PA C/O ROYAL VETERINARY COLLEGE, ROYAL COLLEGE ST, LONDON NW1 0TU, ENGLAND SN 0143-2044 J9 CRYOLETTERS JI CryoLetters PD NOV-DEC PY 2012 VL 33 IS 6 BP 418 EP 426 PG 9 WC Biology; Physiology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Physiology GA 069AM UT WOS:000313407300002 PM 23250401 ER PT J AU Bux, H Rasheed, A Mangrio, SM Abro, SA Shah, SJA Ashraf, M Chen, XM AF Bux, Hadi Rasheed, Awais Mangrio, Sher Muhammad Abro, Saeed Aichtar Shah, Syed Jawad Ahmed Ashraf, Muhammad Chen, Xianming TI Comparative Virulence and Molecular Diversity of Stripe Rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp tritici) Collections from Pakistan and United States SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Comparative virulence; Molecular diversity; Stripe rust; Pakistan; United States ID 12 MICROSATELLITE LOCI; ENRICHMENT PROTOCOL; GENETIC-VARIABILITY; LENGTH-POLYMORPHISM; NORTH-AMERICA; F.SP TRITICI; WHEAT; FUNGUS; RACES; EPIDEMICS AB Information on virulence and molecular diversity of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) is a pre-requisite for mitigating the substantial yield losses caused by the stripe rust pathogen in Pakistan, the United States and other countries of the world. This study was undertaken to analyze both virulence and molecular diversity of 46 Pst isolates from Pakistan, in comparison with 9 US isolates. Avirulence to stripe rust resistance genes Yr5, Yr15 and YrSP was common among all tested isolates. Isolates from Pakistan had low virulence frequency for differentials carrying Yr2, (Yr10, YrMor) and (Yr2, Yr4a, YrYam). Clustering based on virulence data grouped contemporary isolates together and revealed high genetic diversity among pathotypes of both countries. Molecular analysis using sequence tagged site (STS) and microsatellites markers revealed high diversity based on polymorphic information contents (PIC)and marker index (MI) which was higher for SSRs (0.78 & 39.51, respectively) than STS markers(0.04 & 0.29, respectively). Dendrogram based on molecular marker data grouped together contemporary patbotypes indicating genetic similarity. Pathotypes belonging to both countries clustered together indicating common ancestry. Furthermore, very low correlation (r=0.08) was observed between virulence and molecular diversity showing independence in both trends of diversity. The depicted virulence pattern of Pst isolates will guide in devising cultivar improvement efforts for stripe rust resistance. (C) 2012 Friends Science Publishers C1 [Bux, Hadi; Mangrio, Sher Muhammad; Abro, Saeed Aichtar] Univ Sindh, Inst Plant Sci, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan. [Rasheed, Awais] Quaid I Azam Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan. [Shah, Syed Jawad Ahmed] Nucl Inst Food & Agr, Peshawar, Pakistan. [Ashraf, Muhammad] Natl Univ Sci & Technol, NUST Ctr Virol & Immunol, Islamabad, Pakistan. [Chen, Xianming] Washington State Univ, ARS, USDA, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chen, Xianming] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Bux, H (reprint author), Univ Sindh, Inst Plant Sci, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan. EM hadiqau@gmail.com NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU FRIENDS SCIENCE PUBL PI FAISALABAD PA 399-B, PEOPLES COLONY NO 1, FAISALABAD, 38090, PAKISTAN SN 1560-8530 J9 INT J AGRIC BIOL JI Int. J. Agric. Biol. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 14 IS 6 BP 851 EP 860 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Biology SC Agriculture; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 069WG UT WOS:000313467200001 ER PT J AU de Wit, PJGM van der Burgt, A Okmen, B Stergiopoulos, I Abd-Elsalam, KA Aerts, AL Bahkali, AH Beenen, HG Chettri, P Cox, MP Datema, E de Vries, RP Dhillon, B Ganley, AR Griffiths, SA Guo, YA Hamelin, RC Henrissat, B Kabir, MS Jashni, MK Kema, G Klaubauf, S Lapidus, A Levasseur, A Lindquist, E Mehrabi, R Ohm, RA Owen, TJ Salamov, A Schwelm, A Schijlen, E Sun, H van den Burg, HA van Ham, RCHJ Zhang, SG Goodwin, SB Grigoriev, IV Collemare, J Bradshaw, RE AF de Wit, Pierre J. G. M. van der Burgt, Ate Okmen, Bilal Stergiopoulos, Ioannis Abd-Elsalam, Kamel A. Aerts, Andrea L. Bahkali, Ali H. Beenen, Henriek G. Chettri, Pranav Cox, Murray P. Datema, Erwin de Vries, Ronald P. Dhillon, Braham Ganley, Austen R. Griffiths, Scott A. Guo, Yanan Hamelin, Richard C. Henrissat, Bernard Kabir, M. Shahjahan Jashni, Mansoor Karimi Kema, Gert Klaubauf, Sylvia Lapidus, Alla Levasseur, Anthony Lindquist, Erika Mehrabi, Rahim Ohm, Robin A. Owen, Timothy J. Salamov, Asaf Schwelm, Arne Schijlen, Elio Sun, Hui van den Burg, Harrold A. van Ham, Roeland C. H. J. Zhang, Shuguang Goodwin, Stephen B. Grigoriev, Igor V. Collemare, Jerome Bradshaw, Rosie E. TI The Genomes of the Fungal Plant Pathogens Cladosporium fulvum and Dothistroma septosporum Reveal Adaptation to Different Hosts and Lifestyles But Also Signatures of Common Ancestry SO PLOS GENETICS LA English DT Article ID INDUCED POINT MUTATION; FUSIFORM RUST DISEASE; AVIRULENCE GENE AVR9; MATING-TYPE GENES; ASPERGILLUS-NIDULANS; NEEDLE BLIGHT; LEPTOSPHAERIA-MACULANS; FOREST PATHOGEN; LEAF MOLD; CELL-WALL AB We sequenced and compared the genomes of the Dothideomycete fungal plant pathogens Cladosporium fulvum (Cfu) (syn. Passalora fulva) and Dothistroma septosporum (Dse) that are closely related phylogenetically, but have different lifestyles and hosts. Although both fungi grow extracellularly in close contact with host mesophyll cells, Cfu is a biotroph infecting tomato, while Dse is a hemibiotroph infecting pine. The genomes of these fungi have a similar set of genes (70% of gene content in both genomes are homologs), but differ significantly in size (Cfu >61.1-Mb; Dse 31.2-Mb), which is mainly due to the difference in repeat content (47.2% in Cfu versus 3.2% in Dse). Recent adaptation to different lifestyles and hosts is suggested by diverged sets of genes. Cfu contains an alpha-tomatinase gene that we predict might be required for detoxification of tomatine, while this gene is absent in Dse. Many genes encoding secreted proteins are unique to each species and the repeat-rich areas in Cfu are enriched for these species-specific genes. In contrast, conserved genes suggest common host ancestry. Homologs of Cfu effector genes, including Ecp2 and Avr4, are present in Dse and induce a Cf-Ecp2- and Cf-4-mediated hypersensitive response, respectively. Strikingly, genes involved in production of the toxin dothistromin, a likely virulence factor for Dse, are conserved in Cfu, but their expression differs markedly with essentially no expression by Cfu in planta. Likewise, Cfu has a carbohydrate-degrading enzyme catalog that is more similar to that of necrotrophs or hemibiotrophs and a larger pectinolytic gene arsenal than Dse, but many of these genes are not expressed in planta or are pseudogenized. Overall, comparison of their genomes suggests that these closely related plant pathogens had a common ancestral host but since adapted to different hosts and lifestyles by a combination of differentiated gene content, pseudogenization, and gene regulation. C1 [de Wit, Pierre J. G. M.; van der Burgt, Ate; Okmen, Bilal; Stergiopoulos, Ioannis; Beenen, Henriek G.; Griffiths, Scott A.; Jashni, Mansoor Karimi; Mehrabi, Rahim; van den Burg, Harrold A.; Collemare, Jerome] Wageningen Univ, Phytopathol Lab, Wageningen, Netherlands. [de Wit, Pierre J. G. M.; Stergiopoulos, Ioannis; van den Burg, Harrold A.; Collemare, Jerome] Ctr Biosyst Genom, Wageningen, Netherlands. [van der Burgt, Ate] Wageningen Univ, Lab Bioinformat, Wageningen, Netherlands. [Stergiopoulos, Ioannis] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Abd-Elsalam, Kamel A.] Plant Pathol Res Inst, Agr Res Ctr, Giza, Egypt. [Aerts, Andrea L.; Lapidus, Alla; Lindquist, Erika; Ohm, Robin A.; Salamov, Asaf; Sun, Hui; Grigoriev, Igor V.] US DOE, Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Bahkali, Ali H.] King Saud Univ, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. [Chettri, Pranav; Cox, Murray P.; Guo, Yanan; Kabir, M. Shahjahan; Owen, Timothy J.; Schwelm, Arne; Zhang, Shuguang; Bradshaw, Rosie E.] Massey Univ, Inst Mol BioSci, Palmerston North, New Zealand. [Datema, Erwin; van Ham, Roeland C. H. J.] Keygene NV, Wageningen, Netherlands. [Datema, Erwin; van Ham, Roeland C. H. J.] Plant Res Int, Appl Bioinformat, Wageningen, Netherlands. [de Vries, Ronald P.; Klaubauf, Sylvia] CBS KNAW Fungal Biodivers Ctr, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Dhillon, Braham; Hamelin, Richard C.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Forest Sci, Vancouver, BC V6T 1W5, Canada. [Ganley, Austen R.] Massey Univ, Inst Nat Sci, Albany, New Zealand. [Henrissat, Bernard] CNRS, Marseille, France. [Levasseur, Anthony] Aix Marseille Univ, INRA, Marseille, France. [Jashni, Mansoor Karimi] Tarbiat Modares Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Tehran, Iran. [Kema, Gert] Plant Res Int, Dept Biointeract, Wageningen, Netherlands. [Lapidus, Alla] Fox Chase Canc Ctr, Canc Genome Inst, Philadelphia, PA 19111 USA. [Mehrabi, Rahim] Seed & Plant Improvement Inst, Dept Wheat Breeding, Karaj, Iran. [Owen, Timothy J.] Univ No British Columbia, Prince George, BC V2L 5P2, Canada. [Schwelm, Arne] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Plant Biol & Forest Genet, Uppsala, Sweden. [Schijlen, Elio] Plant Res Int, Dept Biosci, Wageningen, Netherlands. [van den Burg, Harrold A.] Univ Amsterdam, Swammerdam Inst Life Sci, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Zhang, Shuguang] Ind Res Ltd, Lower Hutt, New Zealand. [Goodwin, Stephen B.] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP de Wit, PJGM (reprint author), Wageningen Univ, Phytopathol Lab, Wageningen, Netherlands. EM Pierre.deWit@wur.nl; R.E.Bradshaw@massey.ac.nz RI de Wit, Pierre/A-1998-2013; Lapidus, Alla/I-4348-2013; Ganley, Austen/L-8120-2013; de Vries, Ronald/F-8125-2011; Bahkali, Ali/E-3720-2014; Stergiopoulos, Ioannis/N-5430-2014; chettri, pranav/E-4292-2015; Cox, Murray/A-1459-2012; Bradshaw, Rosie/C-7846-2011; Ohm, Robin/I-6689-2016; Mehrabi, Rahim/S-1800-2016; OI de Wit, Pierre/0000-0002-4208-288X; Lapidus, Alla/0000-0003-0427-8731; Ganley, Austen/0000-0002-1917-7522; de Vries, Ronald/0000-0002-4363-1123; Bahkali, Ali/0000-0003-3936-0436; Cox, Murray/0000-0003-1936-0236; Bradshaw, Rosie/0000-0001-5228-2685; Mehrabi, Rahim/0000-0002-5098-9123; Goodwin, Stephen/0000-0001-5708-9729; Abd-Elsalam, Kamel/0000-0002-4042-4022; Klaubauf, Sylvia/0000-0002-1573-4723; Schwelm, Arne/0000-0001-7164-5365 FU Wageningen University; Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences; Centre for Biosystems Genomics; European Research Area-Plant Genomics; Willie Commelin Scholten Foundation; Graduate School of Experimental Plant Sciences; Massey University; New Zealand Bio-Protection Research Centre; Royal Society of New Zealand; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This research was supported by Wageningen University, the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Centre for Biosystems Genomics, European Research Area-Plant Genomics, Willie Commelin Scholten Foundation, Graduate School of Experimental Plant Sciences, Massey University, the New Zealand Bio-Protection Research Centre, and Royal Society of New Zealand. The work conducted by the U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract number DE-AC02-05CH11231. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 144 TC 80 Z9 84 U1 7 U2 84 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-7404 J9 PLOS GENET JI PLoS Genet. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 8 IS 11 AR e1003088 DI 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003088 PG 22 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 048DY UT WOS:000311891600067 PM 23209441 ER PT J AU Walter, WD Fischer, JW Humphrey, JS Daughtery, TS Milleson, MP Tillman, EA Avery, ML AF Walter, W. David Fischer, Justin W. Humphrey, John S. Daughtery, Trey S. Milleson, Michael P. Tillman, Eric A. Avery, Michael L. TI Using three-dimensional flight patterns at airfields to identify hotspots for avian-aircraft collisions SO APPLIED GEOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE Aviation hazard; Birdstrike; Black vulture; Cathartes aura; Coragyps atratus; Flight behavior; Satellite telemetry; Turkey vulture ID TURKEY VULTURES; HOME RANGES; BLACK; MOVEMENTS; BEHAVIOR; FLORIDA; ROOSTS AB In the United States, black vulture (Coragyps atratus) and turkey vulture (Cathartes aura) pose significant birdstrike risks to aircraft. Understanding flight behaviors of vultures in and around military and civilian airfields is necessary to alleviate these risks. Using satellite telemetry data collected from 11 black vultures and 7 turkey vultures equipped with Global Positioning System backpack harness technology, we collected data on location and altitude near the Marine Corps Air Station (MCAS) in Beaufort, South Carolina from September 2006 to September 2008. We used military aircraft flight landing patterns to visualize a new concept, a flight altitude cone of depression (FACOD), which models a three-dimensional flight pattern over the airfield. We then identified areas in and around MCAS where vulture flight paths penetrated the FACOD and locations of vultures were proximate to flight approach routes that posed potential risk to aircraft for a birdstrike. Combining altitude of in-flight locations of vultures or other species with three-dimensional flight patterns of aircraft provides a novel method for managers of military and domestic airfields to assess birdstrike risk and to focus corrective actions. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Walter, W. David; Fischer, Justin W.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Humphrey, John S.; Milleson, Michael P.; Tillman, Eric A.; Avery, Michael L.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Florida Field Stn, Gainesville, FL 32641 USA. [Daughtery, Trey S.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Marine Corps Air Stn, Beaufort, SC 29904 USA. RP Walter, WD (reprint author), Penn State Univ, US Geol Survey, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 403 Forest Resources Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM wdwalter@psu.edu; Justin.W.Fischer@aphis.usda.gov; John.S.Humphrey@aphis.usda.gov; Rudolph.Daughtely@usmc.mil; Michael.P.Milleson@aphis.usda.gov; Eric.A.Tillman@aphis.usda.gov; Michael.L.Avery@aphis.usda.gov NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 10 U2 46 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-6228 J9 APPL GEOGR JI Appl. Geogr. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 35 IS 1-2 BP 53 EP 59 DI 10.1016/j.apgeog.2012.05.002 PG 7 WC Geography SC Geography GA 068QB UT WOS:000313380200006 ER PT J AU King, JY Brandt, LA Adair, EC AF King, Jennifer Y. Brandt, Leslie A. Adair, E. Carol TI Shedding light on plant litter decomposition: advances, implications and new directions in understanding the role of photodegradation SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE UV-B; Solar radiation; Arid ecosystems; Grasslands; Carbon; Nitrogen; Lignin ID UV-B-RADIATION; DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER; CARBON-MONOXIDE PHOTOPRODUCTION; NORTHERN CHIHUAHUAN DESERT; LONG-TERM DECOMPOSITION; ULTRAVIOLET-RADIATION; LEAF-LITTER; SOLAR-RADIATION; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; MACROPHYTE LITTER AB Litter decomposition contributes to one of the largest fluxes of carbon (C) in the terrestrial biosphere and is a primary control on nutrient cycling. The inability of models using climate and litter chemistry to predict decomposition in dry environments has stimulated investigation of non-traditional drivers of decomposition, including photodegradation, the abiotic decomposition of organic matter via exposure to solar radiation. Recent work in this developing field shows that photodegradation may substantially influence terrestrial C fluxes, including abiotic production of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and methane, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. Research has also produced contradictory results regarding controls on photodegradation. Here we summarize the state of knowledge about the role of photodegradation in litter decomposition and C cycling and investigate drivers of photodegradation across experiments using a meta-analysis. Overall, increasing litter exposure to solar radiation increased mass loss by 23% with large variation in photodegradation rates among and within ecosystems. This variation was tied to both litter and environmental characteristics. Photodegradation increased with litter C to nitrogen (N) ratio, but not with lignin content, suggesting that we do not yet fully understand the underlying mechanisms. Photodegradation also increased with factors that increased solar radiation exposure (latitude and litter area to mass ratio) and decreased with mean annual precipitation. The impact of photodegradation on C (and potentially N) cycling fundamentally reshapes our thinking of decomposition as a solely biological process and requires that we define the mechanisms driving photodegradation before we can accurately represent photodegradation in global C and N models. C1 [King, Jennifer Y.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Geog, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Brandt, Leslie A.] US Forest Serv, No Inst Appl Climate Sci, USDA, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Adair, E. Carol] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, NCEAS, Santa Barbara, CA 93101 USA. RP King, JY (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Geog, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. EM jyking@geog.ucsb.edu; lbrandt@fs.fed.us; Carol.Adair@uvm.edu RI King, Jennifer Y./I-5986-2015 OI King, Jennifer Y./0000-0003-3433-5952 FU National Science Foundation [NSF DEB 0542935, 0935984] FX Thanks to R. Sinsabaugh, S. Hobbie, D. Milchunas, and Y. Lin for their helpful comments on earlier versions of the manuscript. We appreciate the thorough and thoughtful comments provided by three anonymous reviewers. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF DEB 0542935 and 0935984). NR 96 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 9 U2 124 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-2563 J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY JI Biogeochemistry PD NOV PY 2012 VL 111 IS 1-3 BP 57 EP 81 DI 10.1007/s10533-012-9737-9 PG 25 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 077XR UT WOS:000314063200003 ER PT J AU De-Campos, AB Huang, CH Johnston, CT AF De-Campos, Alfredo B. Huang, Chi-hua Johnston, Cliff T. TI Biogeochemistry of terrestrial soils as influenced by short-term flooding SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Biogeochemistry; Carbon cycling; Flooding; Redox; Terrestrial soils ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER; IRON-OXIDE; SEQUENTIAL REDUCTION; ANAEROBIC CONDITIONS; REDUCING CONDITIONS; FOREST SOILS; PADDY SOILS; PHOSPHORUS; RELEASE; MECHANISMS AB Many terrestrial soils in the US Midwest are temporally flooded during the spring. The effects of short-term flooding on biogeochemical processes that occur in these soils are not fully understood and are the subject of this study. To evaluate these processes we investigated the redox-induced changes in the soil solution for three-cultivated and three-uncultivated/forest soils with different organic matter concentrations. The soils were flooded for 1, 3, 7, and 14-days under anoxic conditions in a biogeochemical reactor. Samples were analyzed for Eh; pH; NO3 (-); NH4 (+); total dissolved Mn and Fe; soluble P; dissolved organic and inorganic carbon (DOC-DIC); and evolved CO2. We found strongly contrasting responses of the terrestrial soils to flooding. Reducing conditions were established quickly in the uncultivated and more slowly in the cultivated soils. Concomitant changes in pH were higher for the uncultivated soils. The uncultivated soils showed a higher increase in the amount of NH4 (+), P, Fe, Mn than the cultivated soils over the 14-day incubation. The total amount of carbon decomposed was much greater for the uncultivated soils with approximately 900 mu g C (CO2 + DOC + DIC) decomposed per gram of soil compared to a total decomposition of 240 mu g C g (soil) (-1) for the cultivated soils indicating differences in the type of carbon decomposed. The rapid onset of reducing conditions for the uncultivated soils is attributed to a reactive carbon component that is either absent or occluded in the cultivated soils. This study demonstrates that the biogeochemically-induced changes in carbon dynamics in terrestrial soils are strongly influenced by short-term flooding and the history of soil management. C1 [De-Campos, Alfredo B.; Johnston, Cliff T.] Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Huang, Chi-hua] ARS, USDA, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP De-Campos, AB (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, 275 S Russell St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM alfredo_de_campos@yahoo.com; chihua@purdue.edu; cliffjohnston@purdue.edu RI De-Campos, Alfredo/I-5211-2012 NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 65 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-2563 J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY JI Biogeochemistry PD NOV PY 2012 VL 111 IS 1-3 BP 239 EP 252 DI 10.1007/s10533-011-9639-2 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 077XR UT WOS:000314063200015 ER PT J AU Kerr, JG Eimers, MC Creed, IF Adams, MB Beall, F Burns, D Campbell, JL Christopher, SF Clair, TA Courchesne, F Duchesne, L Fernandez, I Houle, D Jeffries, DS Likens, GE Mitchell, MJ Shanley, J Yao, H AF Kerr, J. G. Eimers, M. C. Creed, I. F. Adams, M. B. Beall, F. Burns, D. Campbell, J. L. Christopher, S. F. Clair, T. A. Courchesne, F. Duchesne, L. Fernandez, I. Houle, D. Jeffries, D. S. Likens, G. E. Mitchell, M. J. Shanley, J. Yao, H. TI The effect of seasonal drying on sulphate dynamics in streams across southeastern Canada and the northeastern USA SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Sulphate; Drought; Wetlands; Seasonal drying; Forested streams ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-CARBON; SOUTH-CENTRAL ONTARIO; EPISODIC ACIDIFICATION; UNITED-STATES; ACIDIC DEPOSITION; NEW-YORK; FORESTED LANDSCAPES; ISOTOPIC APPROACH; SULFUR DYNAMICS; WATER AB Within the southeast Canada and northeast USA region, a peak in sulphate (SO4 (2-)) concentration has been reported for some streams following periods of substantial catchment drying during the summer months (ON, Canada; VT, NH and NY, USA). However, it is currently unclear if a SO4 (2-) response to seasonal drying is widespread across the broader region, or to what extent the level of response varies among catchments. In our study, SO4 (2-) response to seasonal drying was compared in 20 catchments from 11 locations across southeastern Canada (ON, QC and NS) and northeastern USA (NH, NY, VT, WV and ME). Using long-term monitoring data of stream discharge and chemistry, the number of days for each month of the dry season (# d) when discharge (Q) was below a threshold level (25th percentile; Q(25)) was calculated for each catchment to give a measure of 'seasonal dryness' (# d Q < Q(25)). A SO4 (2-) response score (rs) was then calculated for each catchment based on linear regression analysis of # d Q < Q(25) versus either the annual SO4 (2-) concentration, or the residual of annual SO4 (2-) concentration as a function of time (year). The final rs values for each catchment provided an estimate of the proportion of variation in annual SO4 (2-) concentration which could be explained by seasonal drying (possible rs range = 0-1). Of the 20 catchments, 13 exhibited some level of a SO4 (2-) response to seasonal drying (rs = 0.04-0.72) with an additional two catchments exhibiting a SO4 (2-) response for one or more seasons. SO4 (2-) response scores were positively related to percent wetland area (w) (rs = 1.000 - 0.978e(-0.054*) (w) , r (2) = 0.44) and percent saturated area (sat) (rs = 0.481 - 0.488e(-0.101*) (sat), r (2) = 0.54) indicating that wetlands/saturated areas were an important driver of regional variation in the SO4 (2-) response to seasonal drying. Our results suggest that any shift towards drier summers as a result of climate change could impact SO4 (2-) dynamics in a large number of catchments throughout the region. C1 [Kerr, J. G.; Eimers, M. C.] Trent Univ, Dept Geog, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada. [Creed, I. F.] Univ Western Ontario, Dept Biol, London, ON, Canada. [Adams, M. B.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Parsons, WV USA. [Beall, F.] Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, Sault Ste Marie, ON, Canada. [Burns, D.] US Geol Survey, Troy, NY USA. [Campbell, J. L.] US Forest Serv, Durham, NH USA. [Christopher, S. F.] Virginia Tech, Virginia Water Resources Res Ctr, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Clair, T. A.] Environm Canada, Water Sci & Technol Branch, Sackville, NB, Canada. [Courchesne, F.] Univ Montreal, Dept Geog, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. [Duchesne, L.] Foret Quebec, Minist Ressources Nat, Quebec City, PQ, Canada. [Fernandez, I.] Univ Maine, Dept Plant Soil & Environm Sci, Orono, ME USA. [Houle, D.] Minist Ressources Nat & Faune, Quebec City, PQ, Canada. [Jeffries, D. S.] Environm Canada, Natl Water Res Inst, Aquat Ecosyst Res Impacts Div, Burlington, ON L7R 4A6, Canada. [Likens, G. E.] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY USA. [Mitchell, M. J.] SUNY Syracuse, Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Shanley, J.] US Geol Survey, Montpelier, VT USA. [Yao, H.] Ontario Minist Environm, Dorset, ON, Canada. RP Kerr, JG (reprint author), Trent Univ, Dept Geog, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada. EM jasonkerr@trentu.ca RI Creed, Irena/L-8810-2013; OI Creed, Irena/0000-0001-8199-1472; Campbell, John/0000-0003-4956-1696 NR 78 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 31 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-2563 J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY JI Biogeochemistry PD NOV PY 2012 VL 111 IS 1-3 BP 393 EP 409 DI 10.1007/s10533-011-9664-1 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 077XR UT WOS:000314063200025 ER PT J AU Schramm, EC Nelson, SK Steber, CM AF Schramm, Elizabeth C. Nelson, Sven K. Steber, Camille M. TI Wheat ABA-insensitive mutants result in reduced grain dormancy SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE Wheat; Abscisic acid; Dormancy; Pre-harvest sprouting ID TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L.; ABSCISIC-ACID ABA; SEED DORMANCY; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; PROTEIN PHOSPHATASES; BARLEY MUTANT; GERMINATION; ENCODES; EMBRYO; GENE AB This paper describes the isolation of wheat mutants in the hard red spring Scarlet resulting in reduced sensitivity to the plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) during seed germination. ABA induces seed dormancy during embryo maturation and inhibits the germination of mature seeds. Wheat sensitivity to ABA gradually decreases with dry after-ripening. Scarlet grain normally fails to germinate when fully dormant, shows ABA sensitive germination when partially after-ripened, and becomes ABA insensitive when after-ripened for 8-12 months. Scarlet ABA-insensitive (ScABI) mutants were isolated based on the ability to germinate on 5 mu M ABA after only 3 weeks of after-ripening, a condition under which Scarlet would fail to germinate. Six independent seed-specific mutants were recovered. ScABI1, ScABI2, ScABI3 and ScABI4 are able to germinate more efficiently than Scarlet at up to 25 mu M ABA. The two strongest ABA insensitive lines, ScABI3 and ScABI4, both proved to be partly dominant suggesting that they result from gain-of-function mutations. The ScABI1, ScABI2, ScABI3, ScABI4, and ScABI5 mutants after-ripen more rapidly than Scarlet. Thus, ABA insensitivity is associated with decreased grain dormancy in Scarlet wheat. This suggests that ABA sensitivity is an important factor controlling grain dormancy in wheat, a trait that impacts seedling emergence and pre-harvest sprouting resistance. C1 [Schramm, Elizabeth C.; Nelson, Sven K.; Steber, Camille M.] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Schramm, Elizabeth C.; Nelson, Sven K.; Steber, Camille M.] Washington State Univ, Mol Plant Sci Program, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Steber, Camille M.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Wheat Genet Physiol Biochem & Qual Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Steber, CM (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Wheat Genet Physiol Biochem & Qual Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM csteber@wsu.edu FU NIH Protein Biotechnology training grant funding; ARCS (Seattle chapter); USDA CSREES [2005-01099] FX The authors would like to thank K. Kidwell for providing seeds of Scarlet wheat, and S. Abrams for providing (+)-ABA. Thanks are due to R. Parveen and A. Burke for expert technical assistance, to K. Garland Campbell for advice and assistance, and to C. Walker for assistance with statistical analysis. This work was supported by NIH Protein Biotechnology training grant funding (ECS), a fellowship from ARCS (Seattle chapter) (ECS), and USDA CSREES grant number 2005-01099 (CMS). NR 58 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 31 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 EI 1573-5060 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD NOV PY 2012 VL 188 IS 1 BP 35 EP 49 DI 10.1007/s10681-012-0669-1 PG 15 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 080UG UT WOS:000314268500005 PM 25431501 ER PT J AU Nicklas, TA O'Neil, CE Stuff, J Goodell, LS Liu, Y Martin, CK AF Nicklas, Theresa A. O'Neil, Carol E. Stuff, Janice Goodell, Lora Suzanne Liu, Yan Martin, Corby K. TI Validity and Feasibility of a Digital Diet Estimation Method for Use with Preschool Children: A Pilot Study SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE nutrition assessment; child; preschool; eating behavior; Head Start ID DOUBLY LABELED WATER; HEAD-START CHILDREN; ENERGY-INTAKE; FOOD-INTAKE; PHOTOGRAPHY; INDIVIDUALS; ADOLESCENTS; VALIDATION; ACCURACY; OBESITY AB Objective: The goal of the study was to assess the validity and feasibility of a digital diet estimation method for use with preschool children in Head Start. Methods: Preschool children and their caregivers participated in validation (n = 22) and feasibility (n 24) pilot studies. Validity was determined in the metabolic research unit using actual gram weight measurements as the reference method. Feasibility of using the digital diet estimation method was determined in Head Start and in the home by assessing 3 separate lunch and dinner meals. Results: The average correlation between estimated weights and actual weights was 0.96 (P < .001), and the average mean difference was 10.6 g. The digital diet estimates were 5% lower than the actual weights. Conclusions and Implications: The digital diet estimation method may be a valid and feasible method for assessing food intake of preschool children. C1 [Nicklas, Theresa A.; Stuff, Janice; Liu, Yan] Baylor Coll Med, USDA, ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr,Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [O'Neil, Carol E.] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Goodell, Lora Suzanne] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Food Bioproc & Nutr Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Martin, Corby K.] Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Ingest Behav Lab, Baton Rouge, LA USA. RP Nicklas, TA (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, USDA, ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr,Dept Pediat, 1100 Bates Ave, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM tnicklas@bcm.tmc.edu FU National Cancer Institute [R01 CA102671]; National Institutes of Health [R21 AG032231]; United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)/Agricultural Research Service, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, Texas; USDA/Agricultural Research Service [6250-6-003]; USDA [LAB 93951] FX This research was supported by funds from the National Cancer Institute grant no. R01 CA102671 and National Institutes of Health grant R21 AG032231. This work is a publication of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)/Agricultural Research Service, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, Texas, and was also funded in part with federal funds from the USDA/Agricultural Research Service under Cooperative Agreement no. 58-6250-6-003. Partial support was received from the USDA Hatch Project LAB 93951. NR 29 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1499-4046 EI 1878-2620 J9 J NUTR EDUC BEHAV JI J. Nutr. Educ. Behav. PD NOV-DEC PY 2012 VL 44 IS 6 BP 618 EP 623 DI 10.1016/j.jneb.2011.12.001 PG 6 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Education & Educational Research; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 077UJ UT WOS:000314053500022 PM 22727939 ER PT J AU Kumar, D Juneja, A Hohenschuh, W Williams, JD Murthy, GS AF Kumar, Deepak Juneja, Ankita Hohenschuh, William Williams, John D. Murthy, Ganti S. TI Chemical composition and bioethanol potential of different plant species found in Pacific Northwest conservation buffers SO JOURNAL OF RENEWABLE AND SUSTAINABLE ENERGY LA English DT Article ID CORN STOVER; ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; LAND-USE; LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIALS; ENZYMATIC-HYDROLYSIS; ENERGY-PRODUCTION; UNITED-STATES; PRETREATMENT; BIOMASS; OPTIMIZATION AB Lands producing mixed lignocellulosic ethanol feedstocks may be able to produce more biomass with fewer resources than conventional monoculture crops, but lignocellulosic ethanol production processes and efficiencies can be highly dependent on feedstock composition. In this study, plants were collected from areas planted to simulate conservation buffers alongside stream channels within three common resource areas the interior Pacific Northwest. Two grasses (tall wheatgrass and alfalfa) and seven forb species (fiddleneck tarweed, dog fennel, kochia, downey brome, tall annual willowherb, prickly lettuce, and tumble mustard) commonly found in these buffers were examined to determine their chemical composition, potential bioethanol yields, and difficulties that may arise if they were to be harvested and processed in a single facility. Potential ethanol yields calculated on the basis of sugar monomer composition in the biomass ranged from 181.5 to 316.5 l/dry ton of biomass. Significant differences were noted in terms of structural sugars (cellulose 19%-33% w/w; hemicellulose 14%-26% w/w), lignin (10%-18% w/w), extractives (20%-40% w/w), and ash content (4.0%-13.8% w/w). These composition variations could vary the processing efficiency in terms of sugar recovery and eventual ethanol production yield. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4766889] C1 [Kumar, Deepak; Juneja, Ankita; Hohenschuh, William; Murthy, Ganti S.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Williams, John D.] ARS, Columbia Plateau Conservat Res Ctr, USDA, Pendleton, OR 97801 USA. RP Murthy, GS (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM murthy@engr.orst.edu RI Murthy, Ganti /P-5272-2015 FU Western Sun Grant Center; Department of Transportation, Oregon State University; USDA-ARS FX This research was made possible through the cooperation of the following landowners and managers: Cunningham Sheep Farm, Newtson Family Farms, Bracher Family Farms, and Billy Lorenzen in Umatilla County, and the Cook Agronomy Farm-Washington State University and the Palouse Conservation Field Station-U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)-Agricultural Research Service, in Whitman County. This research was funded by Western Sun Grant Center and Department of Transportation, Oregon State University, and USDA-ARS base funding through national program Agricultural System Competitiveness and Sustainability. We thank Dave Robertson, Daryl Haasch, Seren Waite, and Dave Uberuaga for field data collection and plot management. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Authors would also like to thank Dr. Michael Penner, Food Science and Technology Department, Oregon State University for allowing use of soxhlet apparatus in his lab. NR 54 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1941-7012 J9 J RENEW SUSTAIN ENER JI J. Renew. Sustain. Energy PD NOV 1 PY 2012 VL 4 IS 6 AR 063114 DI 10.1063/1.4766889 PG 14 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels GA 079EQ UT WOS:000314153600020 ER PT J AU Greenlee, JJ Nicholson, EM Smith, JD Kunkle, RA Hamir, AN AF Greenlee, Justin J. Nicholson, Eric M. Smith, Jodi D. Kunkle, Robert A. Hamir, Amir N. TI Susceptibility of cattle to the agent of chronic wasting disease from elk after intracranial inoculation SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Cattle; chronic wasting disease; prion; transmissible spongiform encephalopathy ID BOVINE SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY; CERVUS-ELAPHUS-NELSONI; DEER ODOCOILEUS-HEMIONUS; ROCKY-MOUNTAIN ELK; WHITE-TAILED DEER; MULE DEER; INTRACEREBRAL INOCULATION; EXPERIMENTAL TRANSMISSION; SPECIES BARRIERS; PRION PROTEIN AB Cattle could be exposed to the agent of chronic wasting disease (CWD) through contact with infected farmed or free-ranging cervids or exposure to contaminated premises. The purpose of the current study was to assess the potential for CWD derived from elk to transmit to cattle after intracranial inoculation. Calves (n = 14) were inoculated with brain homogenate derived from elk with CWD to determine the potential for transmission and to define the clinicopathologic features of disease. Cattle were necropsied if clinical signs occurred or at the end of the study (49 months postinoculation; MPI). Clinical signs of poor appetite, weight loss, circling, and bruxism occurred in 2 cattle (14%) at 16 and 17 MPI, respectively. Accumulation of abnormal prion protein (PrPSc) occurred in only the 2 clinically affected cattle and was confined to the central nervous system, with the most prominent immunoreactivity in midbrain, brainstem, and hippocampus with lesser immunoreactivity in the cervical spinal cord. The rate of transmission was lower than in cattle inoculated with CWD derived from mule deer (38%) or white-tailed deer (86%). Additional studies are required to fully assess the potential for cattle to develop CWD through a more natural route of exposure, but a low rate of transmission after intracranial inoculation suggests that risk of transmission through other routes is low. A critical finding is that if CWD did transmit to exposed cattle, currently used diagnostic techniques would detect and differentiate it from other prion diseases in cattle based on absence of spongiform change, distinct pattern of PrPSc deposition, and unique molecular profile. C1 [Greenlee, Justin J.; Nicholson, Eric M.; Smith, Jodi D.; Kunkle, Robert A.; Hamir, Amir N.] ARS, Virus & Prion Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Greenlee, JJ (reprint author), ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, 1920 Dayton Ave,POB 70, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM justin.greenlee@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service FX The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This research was funded in its entirety by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service. NR 40 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 11 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1040-6387 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 24 IS 6 BP 1087 EP 1093 DI 10.1177/1040638712461249 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 082NF UT WOS:000314398000011 PM 22991389 ER PT J AU Lager, KM Ng, TF Bayles, DO Alt, DP Delwart, EL Cheung, AK AF Lager, Kelly M. Ng, Terry F. Bayles, Darrell O. Alt, David P. Delwart, Eric L. Cheung, Andrew K. TI Diversity of viruses detected by deep sequencing in pigs from a common background SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Pig virome; pyrosequencing AB Although advances in nucleic acid sequencing have enabled the discovery of many infectious agents, challenges remain for scientists and veterinary diagnosticians trying to design animal studies with a minimum of variables and to interpret laboratory results. To evaluate pyrosequencing technology as a potential screening method to estimate the virome in pigs, fecal samples were collected from 4 pigs out of a group of 175 that had been raised together since birth. A number of viruses were detected, demonstrating the application of this technology to determine the background "noise" in the pigs. However, pyrosequencing also demonstrated the diversity of viruses within a group of animals and how that can confound experimental design and obscure a definitive diagnosis. C1 [Lager, Kelly M.; Cheung, Andrew K.] ARS, Virus & Prion Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. [Bayles, Darrell O.; Alt, David P.] ARS, Infect Bacterial Dis Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. [Ng, Terry F.; Delwart, Eric L.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Blood Syst Res Inst, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Ng, Terry F.; Delwart, Eric L.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Lab Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Cheung, AK (reprint author), Natl Anim Dis Ctr, POB 70, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM andrew.cheung@ars.usda.gov OI Delwart, Eric/0000-0002-6296-4484; Ng, Terry Fei Fan/0000-0002-4815-8697 NR 4 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 7 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1040-6387 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 24 IS 6 BP 1177 EP 1179 DI 10.1177/1040638712463212 PG 3 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 082NF UT WOS:000314398000026 PM 23051826 ER PT J AU Kiefer, LA Shelton, DR Pachepsky, Y Blaustein, R Santin-Duran, M AF Kiefer, L. A. Shelton, D. R. Pachepsky, Y. Blaustein, R. Santin-Duran, M. TI Persistence of Escherichia coli introduced into streambed sediments with goose, deer and bovine animal waste SO LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bovine; die-off; Escherichia coli; sediment; survival; wildlife ID WATER-QUALITY; BACTERIAL INDICATORS; FRESH-WATER; LAKE GENEVA; BEACH SAND; SURVIVAL; SWITZERLAND; PATHOGENS; COLIFORMS; SYSTEM AB Aims: The focus of this work was to compare the survival of Escherichia coli introduced into streambed sediments from goose, deer and bovine faeces vs indigenous E. coli. Methods and Results: The survival experiments were conducted in flow-through chambers for 32 days using two sediments (mineral and organic) obtained from a first-order creek in Maryland. Bovine, goose and deer faeces were collected fresh and diluted or enriched so that added E. coli and indigenous populations were equivalent. Escherichia coli and total coliforms were enumerated using the Colilert-18 Quanti-Tray system. Patterns of E. coli survival and inactivation rates were virtually identical for indigenous strains in both mineral and organic sediments. The addition of E. coli strains from bovine, goose or deer faeces had relatively little impact on final E. coli concentrations, with the exception of deer-borne E. coli populations in the organic sediment. Conclusion: These results indicate that indigenous sediment-borne E. coli strains are generally, or more, persistent than those deposited into sediments, including wildlife. Significance and Impact of the Study: This is the first study on the survival of E. coli originating from wildlife faeces, in sediments, as opposed to bovine faeces or laboratory-cultured strains. As wildlife are likely to be the primary source of E. coli in most non agricultural watersheds, an understanding of the persistence of these strains is important to understanding microbial water quality. C1 [Kiefer, L. A.] BlueWave Microb LLC, Columbia, MD USA. [Shelton, D. R.; Pachepsky, Y.; Blaustein, R.; Santin-Duran, M.] ARS, USDA, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Pachepsky, Y (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Bldg 173 BARC E,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM yakov.pachepsky@ars.usda.gov OI Pachepsky, Yakov/0000-0003-0232-6090 NR 33 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 25 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0266-8254 J9 LETT APPL MICROBIOL JI Lett. Appl. Microbiol. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 55 IS 5 BP 345 EP 353 DI 10.1111/j.1472-765X.2012.03296.x PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 080EH UT WOS:000314223500004 PM 22897753 ER PT J AU Gao, F Kustas, WP Anderson, MC AF Gao, Feng Kustas, William P. Anderson, Martha C. TI A Data Mining Approach for Sharpening Thermal Satellite Imagery over Land SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE land surface temperature; image sharpening; thermal remote sensing; data mining; regression tree ID SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; VEGETATION-INDEX; ENERGY FLUXES; ASTER DATA; SCALES; WATER; AREA; SIMULATION; RESOLUTION; PRODUCTS AB Thermal infrared (TIR) imagery is normally acquired at coarser pixel resolution than that of shortwave sensors on the same satellite platform and often the TIR resolution is not suitable for monitoring crop conditions of individual fields or the impacts of land cover changes that are at significantly finer spatial scales. Consequently, thermal sharpening techniques have been developed to sharpen TIR imagery to shortwave band pixel resolutions, which are often fine enough for field-scale applications. A classic thermal sharpening technique, TsHARP, uses a relationship between land surface temperature (LST) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) developed empirically at the TIR pixel resolution and applied at the NDVI pixel resolution. However, recent studies show that unique relationships between temperature and NDVI may only exist for a limited class of landscapes, with mostly green vegetation and homogeneous air and soil conditions. To extend application of thermal sharpening to more complex conditions, a new data mining sharpener (DMS) technique is developed. The DMS approach builds regression trees between TIR band brightness temperatures and shortwave spectral reflectances based on intrinsic sample characteristics. A comparison of sharpening techniques applied over a rainfed agricultural area in central Iowa, an irrigated agricultural region in the Texas High Plains, and a heterogeneous naturally vegetated landscape in Alaska indicates that the DMS outperformed TsHARP in all cases. The artificial box-like patterns in LST generated by the TsHARP approach are greatly reduced using the DMS scheme, especially for areas containing irrigated crops, water bodies, thin clouds or terrain. While the DMS technique can provide fine resolution TIR imagery, there are limits to the sharpening ratios that can be reasonably implemented. Consequently, sharpening techniques cannot replace actual thermal band imagery at fine resolutions or missions that provide high quality thermal band imagery at high temporal and spatial resolution critical for many agricultural, land use and water resource management applications. C1 [Gao, Feng; Kustas, William P.; Anderson, Martha C.] ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Gao, F (reprint author), ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM feng.gao@ars.usda.gov; bill.kustas@ars.usda.gov; martha.anderson@ars.usda.gov RI Anderson, Martha/C-1720-2015; Kustas, William/C-2063-2015 OI Anderson, Martha/0000-0003-0748-5525; FU US Geological Survey (USGS) Landsat Data Continuity Mission (LDCM) Science Team program; NASA Earth Observing System (EOS) FX This work was supported by the US Geological Survey (USGS) Landsat Data Continuity Mission (LDCM) Science Team program and the NASA Earth Observing System (EOS) program. Special thanks to Christopher Neale and Nurit Agam for providing airborne thermal imagery used in this study. NR 34 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 37 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-4292 J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL JI Remote Sens. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 4 IS 11 BP 3287 EP 3319 DI 10.3390/rs4113287 PG 33 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA 075VG UT WOS:000313914500002 ER PT J AU Condon, B Easson, M Yachmenev, V Lambert, A Smith, J AF Condon, Brian Easson, Michael Yachmenev, Val Lambert, Allan Smith, Jade TI Low-Level, Uniform Ultrasound Field Effects on Enzymatic Bioprocessing of Greige Cotton Using Three Fabric Weights SO AATCC REVIEW LA English DT Article DE Biopreparation; Cotton; Enzyme; Pectinase; Ultrasound ID LOW-INTENSITY; INTENSIFICATION; HYDROLYSIS AB Enzymatic bioprocessing of cotton generates significantly less hazardous wastewater effluents than conventional treatments, but also has several critical shortcomings that impede its acceptance by industry-expensive processing costs and slow reaction rates. Introduction of a low energy, uniform ultrasound field into enzyme processing solutions greatly improved enzyme effectiveness, resulting in an increased reaction rate. On a laboratory scale, introduction of ultrasonic energy in the reaction chamber during enzymatic biopreparation of three greige cotton fabric weights resulted in a significant improvement in wettability as measured by AATCC Test Method (TM) 197-2011. Whiteness indexes were also evaluated and the results are reported herein. C1 [Condon, Brian; Easson, Michael; Yachmenev, Val; Lambert, Allan; Smith, Jade] ARS SRRC, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Easson, M (reprint author), ARS SRRC, USDA, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM Michael.Easson@ars.usda.gov NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC TEXTILE CHEMISTS COLORISTS PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA PO BOX 12215, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709 USA SN 1532-8813 J9 AATCC REV JI AATCC Rev. PD NOV-DEC PY 2012 VL 12 IS 6 BP 45 EP 50 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical; Materials Science, Textiles SC Chemistry; Engineering; Materials Science GA 075ZK UT WOS:000313926000007 ER PT J AU Komecki, TS Arriaga, FJ Price, AJ Balkcom, KS AF Komecki, T. S. Arriaga, F. J. Price, A. J. Balkcom, K. S. TI EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT RESIDUE MANAGEMENT METHODS ON COTTON ESTABLISHMENT AND YIELD IN A NO-TILL SYSTEM SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Conservation agriculture; Cover crops; Roller/crimper; Row cleaners; Subsoiling ID COVER CROPS; CONSERVATION TILLAGE; SOIL AB A field experiment was conducted in 2007, 2008, and 2009 in central Alabama to evaluate the effects of cover crop mechanical termination, strip tillage width, and row cleaners attached either to the tillage implement or planting units, on cotton population and yield. Treatments included roller (present or absent), in-row subsoiler (wide and narrow strips), and row-cleaners attached either to subsoiler, planter, or both. Rye was terminated with glyphosate (both rolled and non-rolled rye) in mid-April, and tillage treatments were applied; cotton was planted three weeks after tillage. In 2007, generally higher cotton stands were associated with rolled rye residue (137,134 plants/ha) vs. non-rolled rye (115,641 plants/ha). On average, significantly higher cotton seed yield was found for rolled rye (4,540 kg/ha compared to non-rolled rye (4,332 kg/ha). Examining specific treatments, the highest cotton seed yield (4,933 kg/ha) was associated with rolled rye under narrow strip tillage with row cleaners attached to both subsoiler and planter The lowest cotton yield (3,913 kg/ha) was associated with non-rolled residue, under narrow strip tillage with row cleaners present on both subsoiler and planter. In 2008, no difference was found in cotton stand for rolled (108,375 plants/ha) and non-rolled rye (107,719 plants/ha). Cotton seed yield was higher in 2008 than in 2007 due to a severe drought in Alabama during 2007. In 2008, slightly higher cotton yield was reported for non-rolled rye (5,658 kg/ha) vs. rolled rye (5,419 kg/ha). The non-rolled rye, narrow strip subsoiling, and row cleaners on subsoiler generated the highest cotton yield (5,812 kg/ha) compared with the lowest (5,171 kg/ha) by rolled rye, narrow strip, and row cleaners on the planter In 2009, cotton stand for rolled rye was higher (115,036 plants/ha) compared to non-rolled rye residue (65,894 plants/ha). In 2009, the cotton yield was substantially reduced by flooding of the experimental area. Because of the excess water; the cotton yield was lower (2,672 kg/ha) compared to 2007 and 2008 growing seasons. Soil strength measurements taken in fall 2009 showed significantly lower cone index values with rolled vs. non-rolled rye from 0 to 15-cm depth, with trends reversed after 20 cm. Cone index values at all depths, however, were below the 2-MPa threshold that indicates restrictive conditions for root growth. In all three growing seasons, the width of the tillage strip and the location of row cleaners (planter/subsoiler) did not affect cotton stand and seed cotton yield C1 [Komecki, T. S.; Arriaga, F. J.; Price, A. J.; Balkcom, K. S.] ARS, USDA, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. RP Komecki, TS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, 411 S Donahue Dr, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM ted.korneeki@ars.usda.gov FU Alabama Cotton Producers Association [G00002450] FX This project was conducted with financial support from the Alabama Cotton Producers Association: GRANT Number: G00002450, 2007. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 28 IS 6 BP 787 EP 794 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 073QO UT WOS:000313757800002 ER PT J AU Li, C Thibodeaux, D Knowlton, AR Foulk, J AF Li, C. Thibodeaux, D. Knowlton, A. R. Foulk, J. TI EFFECT OF CLEANING TREATMENT AND COTTON CULTIVAR ON COTTON FIBER AND TEXTILE YARN QUALITY SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Microgin; Cleaning; Spinning; Textile; Yarn; Fiber quality; Cotton AB Cotton fiber quality and textile yarn quality can be affected by ginning processes and cotton cultivars. The overall goals of this study were to utilize a microgin to evaluate the effect of seed cotton cleaner and lint cleaner on fiber and yarn quality, and to benchmark FiberMax 1740 and Phyto Gen 370 against Deltapine 555 grown in Georgia. Six cleaning treatments in a microgin were arranged by varying seed cotton cleaners (stick machine, cylinder cleaner; and Trashmaster (R)) and one saw-type lint cleaner Cotton fiber quality and cotton trash content were measured via High Volume Instrument (HVI), Advanced Fiber Information System (AFIS), and Shirley trash analyzer Ring yarn quality was measured in terms of spinning efficiency, tensile strength and elongation, hairiness, defects, and waste. Fiber quality measured by HVI showed significant differences between the six cleaning treatments in both trash content and fiber length properties. Specifically, the saw-type lint cleaner was more effective in reducing trash content but was more likely to create short fiber content than the seed cotton cleaner Deltapine 555 demonstrated lower upper half mean length and lower length uniformity than FiberMax 1740. A similar pattern was observed in AFIS data, although cleaning treatments only showed impact on total trash count, visible foreign matter, and neps. The three cotton cultivars exhibited significant differences in cotton length properties. Deltapine 555 had the highest short fiber content (by weight) and lowest length uniformity among the three cultivars. Results from Shirley analyzer revealed that the cleaning treatments without the saw-type lint cleaner had both higher visible and invisible trash content. As for the ring yarn quality, cotton lint with less cleaning processes exhibited lower defects, lower hairiness (irregular CV), but more waste than that with more cleaning processes. Given the waste can be cleaned during the carding process and easily manageable, the less ginning options could be beneficial to spinning process. Among the three cultivars, Phyto Gen 370 generated the highest quality yarn suggesting that Deltapine 555 can be replaced by other cultivars with improved yarn quality. This study sheds light on the effect of cleaning and cotton cultivar on lint fiber quality and the spinning performance of the fiber. The information could be useful to improve the profitability for cotton growers, ginners, and spinners alike. C1 [Li, C.] Univ Georgia, Coll Engn, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Thibodeaux, D.; Foulk, J.] ARS, Cotton Qual Res Stn, USDA, Clemson, SC USA. [Knowlton, A. R.] Univ Georgia, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Li, C (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coll Engn, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM cyli@uga.edu FU Georgia Cotton Commission FX Authors of this article would like to thank Mr. Scott Brown and Don Home Farms for providing cotton samples for this study. We also thank the excellent technical support from Tim Rutland and Gary Burnham. This work is funded by the Georgia Cotton Commission. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 28 IS 6 BP 833 EP 840 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 073QO UT WOS:000313757800007 ER PT J AU Hardin, RG Funk, PA AF Hardin, R. G. Funk, P. A. TI ELECTRICITY USE PATTERNS IN COTTON GINS SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Conservation; Cotton; Efficiency; Electricity; Energy; Ginning AB Energy costs are the second largest source of variable costs for cotton gins, with electricity accounting for 18% of variable costs. Energy use has typically not been a major consideration in gin design and previous studies of energy use have utilized instantaneous readings or aggregated season-long values. In this study, electrical energy use was monitored throughout the entire season for several gins across the cotton belt. Motor loads were recorded for gin stands, fans, cleaning machinery, module feeders, and bale presses. Power consumption and power factor were recorded at motor control center disconnects. The gins monitored in 2010 averaged 35.8 kWh bale(-1), slightly less than the annual average values reported in past surveys. Differences in electricity use between monitored gins were likely due to differences in layout and installed equipment. The primary factor affecting electricity use per bale at a specific gin was the processing rate. For maximum energy efficiency, cotton ginners should operate at full capacity as frequently as possible and avoid idling equipment for periods longer than several minutes. C1 [Hardin, R. G.] ARS, USDA, Cotton Ginning Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Funk, P. A.] ARS, USDA, SW Cotton Ginning Res Unit, Las Cruces, NM USA. RP Hardin, RG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Cotton Ginning Res Unit, 111 Expt Stn Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM bobby.hardin@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 28 IS 6 BP 841 EP 849 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 073QO UT WOS:000313757800008 ER PT J AU Baker, KD AF Baker, K. D. TI TEMPERATURE CONTROL FOR SEED COTTON DRYING SYSTEMS SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Cotton gin; Moisture content; Drying; Temperature control AB In order to determine the best recommendations for seed cotton dryer temperature control as part of ASABE standard S530.1, 20 tests were conducted during the ginning seasons of 2007, 2008, 2009, and 2010 to measure air temperature variation along various heated air seed cotton drying systems. The cooperating cotton gins were located in Texas, Arizona, New Mexico and the San Joaquin Valley, California. Drying systems tested included: standard tower; short tower, hot shelf crossflow, hi-slip, pipe, hot box, fountain, and collider systems. Temperature measurements were taken over a 2-h time period at the mixpoint and every 2 m (6.5 ft) after the mixpoint. Although there was a significant correlation between mixpoint temperature variation and distance of the primary temperature control sensor from the mixpoint, the sensor location recommendations of ASABE standard S530.1, Temperature Sensor Locations for Seed-Cotton Drying Systems, appear to be satisfactory for seed cotton drying systems with well-maintained burners and well-adjusted temperature controls. All systems, except for the hot shelf dryer; had a larger temperature drop in the first 2 m (6.5 ft) after the mixpoint than occurred in the remainder of the drying system. Thus, for all but the hot shelf dryer; locating a temperature control sensor at 2 m or more past the mixpoint would achieve satisfactory temperature control. C1 ARS, USDA, SW Cotton Ginning Res Lab, Mesilla Pk, NM 88047 USA. RP Baker, KD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, SW Cotton Ginning Res Lab, POB 578,300 E Coll Dr, Mesilla Pk, NM 88047 USA. EM kevibake@nmsu.edu NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 28 IS 6 BP 885 EP 890 PG 6 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 073QO UT WOS:000313757800012 ER PT J AU Lewis, MA Trabelsi, S AF Lewis, M. A. Trabelsi, S. TI INTEGRATING AN EMBEDDED SYSTEM IN A MICROWAVE MOISTURE METER SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Data acquisition; Dielectric properties; Embedded systems; Microcontroller; Microwave sensing; Moisture content; Voltage level shifter ID DIELECTRIC-PROPERTIES; DENSITY; GRAIN AB The conversion of a PC- or laptop-controlled microwave moisture meter to a stand-alone meter hosting its own embedded system is discussed. The moisture meter measures the attenuation and phase shift of low power microwaves traversing the sample, from which the dielectric properties are calculated. The power level of the microwaves is similar to that of Wi-Fi. Therefore, the sample is unharmed and no heating occurs. The dielectric properties are then used for rapid, nondestructive determination of the moisture content in the grain or seed sample. The initial system consisted of the moisture meter, controlled via USB interface by an external laptop or PC. Though effective, the system lacked full portability and was susceptible to computer crashes and interruptions in communication between the meter and laptop. To improve the system, a microcontroller was selected in the design of an embedded system for the moisture meter The microcontroller provides a graphical 144 x 32 pixel LCD and 16-button keypad to facilitate user interaction. The embedded system provides the following functionalities: user interface (input/output), event execution, process control, data acquisition and data storage. Testing showed that the moisture meter with the new embedded system maintained the performance and accuracy observed for the original meter with PC or laptop control. Results are included to show the similarity of measurements taken with the microwave meter (both versions) to measurements taken with a vector network analyzer The integration of the embedded system with the microwave moisture meter provides a cost-effective, portable, and robust solution for microwave moisture sensing. C1 [Lewis, M. A.; Trabelsi, S.] ARS, USDA, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30604 USA. RP Lewis, MA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30604 USA. EM micah.lewis@ars.usda.gov NR 18 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 28 IS 6 BP 923 EP 931 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 073QO UT WOS:000313757800016 ER PT J AU Schou, WC Forster, WA Mercer, GN Teske, ME Thistle, HW AF Schou, W. C. Forster, W. A. Mercer, G. N. Teske, M. E. Thistle, H. W. TI BUILDING CANOPY RETENTION INTO AGDISP: PRELIMINARY MODELS AND RESULTS SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE AGDISP; Bounce model; Canopy retention; Shatter model; Spray retention ID SPRAY DRIFT; ADJUVANTS; SURFACTANTS; VALIDATION; SIMULATION; WATER AB AGDISP uses canopy structure and collection efficiency to model canopy interception but assumes droplets that intercept a leaf surface are retained at that point and do not bounce or shatter This behavior is not the case for many plant species, particularly species that are moderately to very difficult to wet, for which canopy deposition would be overestimated with this assumption. This article summarizes the initial implementation of process-based models for spray droplet bounce and shatter within an experimental build of AGDISP in order to predict spray retention within plant canopies. Spray simulations were run for formulations ranging in surface tension, applied to three species (wheat, canola, and capsicum) with different wettabilities and leaf orientations, and using the AGDISP ground model with and without the retention model, to evaluate the impact of the retention model on canopy deposition within AGDISP. The model outputs were also compared to previously determined tracksprayer results. The current AGDISP canopy deposition (interception) model was unable to fully account for differences in retention due to the spray formulation used or species studied Incorporation of the process-driven models for bounce and shatter allowed these differences to be predicted Over the three species and four formulations studied, there was good agreement (Pearson 's correlation coefficient = 0.9308, p = 0.0000, indicating an almost certain correlation) between predicted and experimentally determined retention. Considerable work is still required to make this approach practical. However, this article illustrates that the ability to model retention is important for many crops (and weeds) and that the approach outlined herein is an effective adjunct to the current AGDISP interception model. C1 [Schou, W. C.] Scion, Rotorua 3046, New Zealand. [Forster, W. A.] Plant Protect Chem NZ Ltd, Rotorua, New Zealand. [Mercer, G. N.] Australian Natl Univ, Natl Ctr Epidemiol & Populat Hlth, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Teske, M. E.] Continuum Dynam Inc, Ewing, NJ USA. [Thistle, H. W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Schou, WC (reprint author), Scion, Private Bag 3020, Rotorua 3046, New Zealand. EM wayne.schou@scionresearch.com FU New Zealand Ministry of Science and Innovation (MSI) [LVLX0901, C10X0811] FX This research was funded by the New Zealand Ministry of Science and Innovation (MSI; Contract No. LVLX0901: Protecting New Zealand's Environment; the adhere, bounce, and shatter models were developed within Contract No. C10X0811: Undermining Weeds). NR 25 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD NOV-DEC PY 2012 VL 55 IS 6 BP 2059 EP 2066 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 076ZW UT WOS:000313998700004 ER PT J AU Thistle, HW Thompson, DG Richardson, B Bird, SL Kees, G Throop, W Gous, S Storwold, D AF Thistle, H. W. Thompson, D. G. Richardson, B. Bird, S. L. Kees, G. Throop, W. Gous, S. Storwold, D. TI DEPOSITION OF AERIALLY RELEASED BT OVER A 2 KM SAMPLING GRID SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE AGDISP; Bacillus thuringiensis; Deposition sampling; Droplet deposition; Long-range drift; Pesticide deposition; Pesticide droplets; Spray drift ID FAR-FIELD; DRIFT; INSECTICIDES; BIOREDUCTION; FORESTS; SPRAYS; ASSAYS AB A data set was collected to determine the downwind distance at which currently used near-field mechanistic pesticide deposition models (as formulated in AGDISP 8.26) should hand off to long-range pesticide drift models. This article presents the collected data as well as some comparison to existing, near-field deposition models. A 2 km x 2 km grid of deposition samplers was deployed in the basin and range country of central Utah. Twenty aerial Bt spraying trials were undertaken. The trials showed very little deposition at 2 km downwind, but measurable material was detected in some of the tests at that distance. Mass balance was attempted but ranged from below 0.1 to over 2 due to high uncertainty in both the method and the collection efficiency of the samplers. Nevertheless, mass balance showed a strong trend with atmospheric stability in these trials, and results indicate that much material lofted out of the sampling domain during trials undertaken in unstable atmospheric conditions. This study confirms the inability of the Lagrangian model as formulated in AGDISP to adequately model fine droplet drift at distances beyond approximately 250 m depending on ambient conditions. A second article will describe the evaluation and configuration of a long-range pesticide drift model interfaced with AGDISP C1 [Thistle, H. W.; Kees, G.; Throop, W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Thompson, D. G.] Canadian Forest Serv, Sault Ste Marie, ON, Canada. [Richardson, B.; Gous, S.] Scion, Forest Res, Rotorua, New Zealand. [Bird, S. L.] US EPA, Athens, GA USA. [Storwold, D.] US Army Dugway Proving Grounds, Dugway, UT USA. RP Thistle, HW (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, 180 Canfield St, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM hthistle@fs.fed.us RI Richardson, Brian/B-9822-2013 FU USDA-FS-FHP-FHTET; U.S. EPA FX The design and field work of Jim Kautz and Scott Gilmore of the USDA Forest Service, Missoula Technology and Development Center, and Derek Chartrand and Kevin Goode of the Canadian Forest Service was invaluable. The work of Amy Onken (USDA Forest Service) in the field and Dan Harvey (Canadian Forest Service) in data reduction is also acknowledged. We thank Steve Nicholsen of Valent BioSciences for labor and material. The extensive work of Ghislain Rousseau and SOPFIM Quebec in the design and conductance of this program and the work of Peter Amirault, Kevin Dorcas (pilot), and Gerry Cormier on the aviation side was integral to the success of this work, Thanks to Sandra Clark and Denise Binion for help with layout. This work is conducted under funds provided through USDA-FS-FHP-FHTET and the U.S. EPA. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD NOV-DEC PY 2012 VL 55 IS 6 BP 2067 EP 2078 PG 12 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 076ZW UT WOS:000313998700005 ER PT J AU Wagner, KL Redmon, LA Gentry, TJ Harmel, RD AF Wagner, K. L. Redmon, L. A. Gentry, T. J. Harmel, R. D. TI ASSESSMENT OF CATTLE GRAZING EFFECTS ON E. COLI RUNOFF SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Water quality; Bacteria; Naturalized E. coli; Rotational grazing; Edge-of-field runoff ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; WATER-QUALITY; FECAL-COLIFORM; BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY; MANAGEMENT-PRACTICES; FILTER STRIPS; BACTERIA; STREAM; SOIL; POLLUTION AB Runoff of Escherichia coli and other fecal indicator bacteria from grazing lands has been identified as a significant source of bacterial contamination. Development of best management practices to address these bacterial issues is critical to the success of watershed restoration efforts where grazing is a substantial contributor In the present study, grazing management was evaluated to assess its effectiveness as a best management practice. Specifically, runoff from rotationally grazed and ungrazed approximately I ha pastures was monitored for more than two years using automated samplers. E. coli levels in runoff were enumerated by membrane filtration using modified membrane-thermotolerant Escherichia coli agar (modified mTEC). The study found that background E. coli concentrations (i.e., those from wildlife and soilborne naturalized strains) were relatively consistent among sites. Median background E. coli concentrations ranged from 3,500 to 5,500 colony forming units per 100 mL, which are not inconsequential levels related to water quality assessment and implementation efforts. Findings also indicated that rotational stocking, if timed appropriately, reduced E. coli concentrations in runoff The impact of grazing timing in relation to runoff events was a more significant factor than stocking rate on the rotationally stocked pastures. When runoff occurred more than two weeks following grazing, E. coli levels were reduced by more than 88% compared to runoff during or soon after grazing. As a result, it is recommended that creek pastures and other hydrologically connected pastures be grazed during periods when runoff is less likely and that upland pastures be grazed during rainy seasons when runoff is more likely to occur C1 [Wagner, K. L.] Texas A&M Univ, Texas Water Resources Inst, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Redmon, L. A.; Gentry, T. J.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Harmel, R. D.] ARS, USDA, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX USA. RP Wagner, KL (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Texas Water Resources Inst, 1500 Res Pkwy, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM klwagner@ag.tamu.edu FU Texas State Soil and Water Conservation Board; USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX Funding for this project was provided by the Texas State Soil and Water Conservation Board, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. We recognize the Welder Wildlife Foundation, USDA-ARS Riesel Watersheds, Texas A&M University Soil and Aquatic Microbiology Laboratory, and Texas A&M University Beef Cattle Systems Center for all their cooperation and assistance throughout the project. NR 59 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 28 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD NOV-DEC PY 2012 VL 55 IS 6 BP 2111 EP 2122 PG 12 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 076ZW UT WOS:000313998700009 ER PT J AU Islam, A Ahuja, LR Garcia, LA Ma, L Saseendran, AS AF Islam, A. Ahuja, L. R. Garcia, L. A. Ma, L. Saseendran, A. S. TI MODELING THE EFFECT OF ELEVATED CO2 AND CLIMATE CHANGE ON REFERENCE EVAPOTRANSPIRATION IN THE SEMI-ARID CENTRAL GREAT PLAINS SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Evapotranspiration; Hybrid delta method; Multi-model ensemble scenario; Penman-Monteith equation; Stomatal resistance ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; WATER-RESOURCES; CHANGE IMPACTS; UNITED-STATES; EPIC MODEL; SENSITIVITY; RESPONSES; TEMPERATURE; PLANT; GRASSLAND AB Changes in evapotranspiration demand due to global warming will have a profound impact on irrigation water demand and agricultural productivity. In this study, the effects of possible future anthropogenic climate change on reference evapotranspiration (ETo) were evaluated using the Penman-Monteith equation. The combined effect of temperature and elevated CO2 concentrations on ETo was the major focus of this study. The ETo under the General Circulation Model (GCM) projected climate change scenarios was estimated for a location in Colorado. Multi-model ensemble climate change scenarios were generated from 112 Bias Corrected and Spatially Disaggregated (BCSD) projections from the World Climate Research Program (WCRP) archive, which cover different levels of greenhouse gas emissions. Results showed a decrease in ETo demand with increases in CO2 levels, which greatly moderated the increase in ETo due to increasing temperature. The effect of increases in CO2 levels up to 450 ppm off set the effect of about 1 degrees C rise in temperature. Simulation results with projected climate change scenarios, without considering the effects of CO2 levels, showed an 8.3%, 14.7% and 21.0% increase in annual ETo during the 2020s, 2050s, and 2080s, respectively, when simulation was carried out using an ensemble of the 112 projections. When the effect of elevated CO2 levels was also considered in combination with projected changes in temperature, changes in annual ETo demand varied from -1.5% to 5.5%, -10.4% to 6.7%, and -19.7% to 6.6% during the 2020s, 2050s, and 2080s, respectively, depending on the different climate change scenarios considered and the relationship or equation used for estimating the effect of elevated CO2 on stomatal resistance term in the Penman-Monteith equation. C1 [Islam, A.] Bihar Vet Coll, ICAR Res Complex Eastern Reg, Patna, Bihar, India. [Ahuja, L. R.; Ma, L.; Saseendran, A. S.] ARS, USDA, Agr Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Garcia, L. A.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Ahuja, LR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Agr Syst Res Unit, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg D,Suite 200, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM Laj.Ahuja@ars.usda.gov FU USDA Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) under the Global Research Alliance; Norman E. Borlaug International Agricultural Science and Technology Fellowship Program FX The first author would like to thank the USDA Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) for providing the necessary funding under the Global Research Alliance and the Norman E. Borlaug International Agricultural Science and Technology Fellowship Program for conducting this research work. NR 43 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 20 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD NOV-DEC PY 2012 VL 55 IS 6 BP 2135 EP 2146 PG 12 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 076ZW UT WOS:000313998700011 ER PT J AU Fox, GA Marvin, MM Guzman, JA Hoang, CK Malone, RW Kanwar, RS Shipitalo, MJ AF Fox, G. A. Marvin, M. M. Guzman, J. A. Hoang, C. K. Malone, R. W. Kanwar, R. S. Shipitalo, M. J. TI E. COLI TRANSPORT THROUGH SURFACE-CONNECTED BIOPORES IDENTIFIED FROM SMOKE INJECTION TESTS SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Biopore; E. coli; Fecal bacteria; Macropore flow; Subsurface drainage ID PATHOGEN CRYPTOSPORIDIUM-PARVUM; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SUBSURFACE DRAINAGE; EARTHWORM BURROWS; POULTRY LITTER; TILE DRAINAGE; SWINE MANURE; SOIL; MACROPORES; OOCYSTS AB Macropores are the primary mechanism by which fecal bacteria from surface-applied manure can be transported into subsurface drains or shallow groundwater bypassing the soil matrix. Limited research has been performed investigating fecal bacteria transport through specific macropores identified in the field. The objective of this research was to better understand how fecal bacteria, using Escherichia coli (E. coli) as an indicator organism, are transported through naturally occurring macropores and potential interactions between the macropore and soil matrix domains in the field under controlled experimental conditions. Direct injection/infiltration tests were conducted in two naturally occurring, surface-connected macropores (biopores) that penetrated to the subsurface drain depth, as identified by smoke tests. Data included total drain flow rate (baseflow rate and biopore flow rate), biopore inflow rate, and Rhodamine WT and E. coli concentrations in the drains. Analysis techniques included determining increases in subsurface drain flow rates due to the infiltration tests and percentage of the injected concentration reaching the subsurface drains after dilution with the drain baseflow. In the absence of data for mechanistic models, empirically based rational polynomial models were compared to the more commonly utilized lognormal distribution for modeling the load rate breakthrough curves. Load estimates were derived from integrated forms of these empirical functions, and percent reductions were calculated for Rhodamine WT and E. coli. Peak total drain flow rates increased nearly two-fold due to direct injection into the biopores. Less than 25% of the initial concentrations injected into the biopores reached the drain after dilution with the baseflow in the drain. Lognormal distributions best fit the Rhodamine WT load rate breakthrough curves (R-2 = 0.99 for both biopores) and the E. coli load rate data for one of the biopores (R-2 = 0.98). A rational fractional polynomial model that tailed off more slowly best fit the E. coli load rate data for the other biopore (R-2 = 0.98). Approximately one log reduction was estimated for E. coli loads due to interaction with the soil profile as water flowed through the tortuous path of the biopores; in other words, the soil surrounding the biopore filtered approximately 90% of the E. coli load that entered the biopore compared to approximately 75% for Rhodamine WT Considering that applied animal manure can contain millions of bacteria per mL, high concentrations and loads are still possible in the subsurface drain flow if macropores are present. C1 [Fox, G. A.; Marvin, M. M.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Biosyst & Agr Engn, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Guzman, J. A.] ARS, USDA, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK USA. [Hoang, C. K.; Kanwar, R. S.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Ames, IA USA. [Malone, R. W.; Shipitalo, M. J.] ARS, USDA, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA USA. RP Fox, GA (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Biosyst & Agr Engn, 120 Ag Hall, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM garey.fox@okstate.edu OI GUZMAN, Jorge A/0000-0002-7734-5723; Shipitalo, Martin/0000-0003-4775-7345 FU Oklahoma State University; USDA-CSREES National Research Initiative Grant [2007-35102-18242] FX The authors would like to acknowledge funding support through the 2011-2012 Lew Wentz Undergraduate Research Scholars Program at Oklahoma State University and a 2007-2011 USDA-CSREES National Research Initiative Grant (Award No. 2007-35102-18242). NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 22 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD NOV-DEC PY 2012 VL 55 IS 6 BP 2185 EP 2194 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 076ZW UT WOS:000313998700015 ER PT J AU Pradhan, A Shrestha, DS Van Gerpen, J McAloon, A Yee, W Haas, M Duffield, JA AF Pradhan, A. Shrestha, D. S. Van Gerpen, J. McAloon, A. Yee, W. Haas, M. Duffield, J. A. TI REASSESSMENT OF LIFE CYCLE GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS FOR SOYBEAN BIODIESEL SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Biodiesel; Biofuel; Greenhouse gas emissions; Land use change; Life cycle analysis; Soybean ID GLYCEROL AB This study updates the life cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions for soybean biodiesel with revised system boundaries and the inclusion of indirect land use change using the most current set of agricultural data. The updated results showed that life cycle GHG emission from biodiesel use was reduced by 81.2% compared to 2005 baseline diesel. When the impacts of lime application and soil N2O emissions were excluded for more direct comparison with prior results published by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), the reduction was 85.4%. This is a significant improvement over the 78.5% GHG reduction reported in the NREL study. Agricultural lime accounted for 50.6% of GHG from all agricultural inputs. Soil N2O accounted for 18.0% of total agricultural emissions. The improvement in overall GHG reduction was primarily due to lower agricultural energy usage and improved soybean crushing facilities. This study found that soybean meal and oil price data from the past ten years had a significant positive correlation (R-2 = 0.73); hence, it is argued that soybean meal and oil are both responsible for indirect land use change from increased soybean demand It is concluded that when there is a strong price correlation among co-products, system boundary expansion without a proper co-product allocation for indirect land use change produces erroneous results. When the emissions associated with predicted indirect land use change were allocated and incorporated using U.S. EPA model data, the GHG reduction for biodiesel was 76.4% lower than 2005 baseline diesel. C1 [Pradhan, A.; Shrestha, D. S.; Van Gerpen, J.] Univ Idaho, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [McAloon, A.; Yee, W.; Haas, M.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA USA. [Duffield, J. A.] USDA, Off Energy Policy & New Uses, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Shrestha, DS (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, POB 442060, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM devs@uidaho.edu NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD NOV-DEC PY 2012 VL 55 IS 6 BP 2257 EP 2264 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 076ZW UT WOS:000313998700022 ER PT J AU Oner, ME Wall, MM AF Oner, M. E. Wall, M. M. TI PROCESSING CONDITIONS FOR PRODUCING FRENCH FRIES FROM PURPLE-FLESHED SWEETPOTATOES SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Anthocyanin; Baking; Blanching; Deep-fat frying; Purple-fleshed; Sweetpotato ID PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; ACID CONTENT; OIL UPTAKE; QUALITY; ANTHOCYANIN; STORAGE; STRIPS; ROOTS; CHIPS AB The effects of processing conditions and cooking methods on the physical quality, anthocyanin content, and sensory attributes of frozen purple-fleshed sweetpotato (PFSP) French fries were investigated. PFSP strips were blanched in boiling water for 0, 5, or 10 min, par-fried at 180 degrees C for 0 or I min, and stored at -20 degrees C +/-2 degrees C. Frozen PFSP strips were then oven-baked at 180 degrees C for 8 min or deep-fat fried at 180 degrees C for 3 min. The lowest peak force values were determined in fries after 10 min blanching. However, the combination of par-frying and deep-fat frying significantly increased peak force in 10 min blanched PFSP fries. A deep purple color developed in fries treated with a combination of 5 or 10 min blanching, 1 min par-frying, and oven baking. A decrease in total monomeric anthocyanin content (14.51 +/-0.45 mg per 100 g dry weight) and a corresponding increase in polymeric color (34.23%) were measured in oven-baked fries with no blanching and no par-frying. The 1 min par-frying increased total monomeric anthocynanin content to the highest level (36.05 +/-0.60 mg per 100 g d.w) in oven-baked fries without blanching. The lowest moisture content (20.1%) and highest oil content (37.9%) were determined in fries treated with 10 min blanching, 1 min par-flying, and deep-fat flying. A dark brown color was determined in fries treated with 10 min blanching, I min par-flying, and deep-fat flying. PFSP fries treated with 10 min blanching, no par-flying, and deep-fat flying had the highest sensory ratings according to a taste panel. However, the sensory quality of oven-baked fries was increased when samples were par-fried. Fries treated with 10 min blanching, 1 min par-flying, and oven baking may be a more nutritious alternative with 64.3% less oil content, 27.7% more anthocyanin content, and favorable overall sensory quality compared to fries treated with 10 min blanching, no par-flying, and deep-fat flying. C1 [Oner, M. E.; Wall, M. M.] ARS, USDA, Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Oner, ME (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, 64 Nowelo St, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM manolyaoner@gmail.com NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD NOV-DEC PY 2012 VL 55 IS 6 BP 2285 EP 2291 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 076ZW UT WOS:000313998700025 ER PT J AU Parker, DB Koziel, JA Cai, L Jacobson, LD Akdeniz, N Bereznicki, SD Lim, TT Caraway, EA Zhang, S Hoff, SJ Heber, AJ Heathcote, KY Hetchler, BP AF Parker, D. B. Koziel, J. A. Cai, L. Jacobson, L. D. Akdeniz, N. Bereznicki, S. D. Lim, T. T. Caraway, E. A. Zhang, S. Hoff, S. J. Heber, A. J. Heathcote, K. Y. Hetchler, B. P. TI ODOR AND ODOROUS CHEMICAL EMISSIONS FROM ANIMAL BUILDINGS: PART 6. ODOR ACTIVITY VALUE SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Detection threshold; Dilutions to threshold; Odor threshold; Regression; VFA; VOC ID CHARACTER IMPACT ODORANTS; AROMA COMPOUNDS; COMPONENTS; PRODUCTS; FLAVOR; BAGS AB There is a growing concern with air and odor emissions from agricultural facilities. A supplementary research project was conducted to complement the U.S. National Air Emissions Monitoring Study (NAEMS). The overall goal of the project was to establish odor and chemical emission factors for animal feeding operations. The study was conducted over a 17-month period at two freestall dairies, one swine sow farm, and one swine finisher facility. Samples from a representative exhaust airstream at each barn were collected in 10 L Tedlar bags and analyzed by trained human panelists using dynamic triangular forced-choice olfactometry. Samples were simultaneously analyzed for 20 odorous compounds (acetic acid, propanoic acid, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, valeric acid, isovaleric acid, hexanoic acid, heptanoic acid, guaiacol, phenol, 4-methylphenol, 4-ethylphenol, 2-aminoacetophenone, indole, skatole, dimethyl disulfide, diethyl disulfide, dimethyl trisulfide, hydrogen sulfide, and ammonia). In this article, which is part 6 of a six-part series summarizing results of the project, we investigate the correlations between odor concentrations and odor activity value (OAT), defined as the concentration of a single compound divided by the odor threshold for that compound The specific objectives were to determine which compounds contributed most to the overall odor emanating from swine and dairy buildings, and develop equations for predicting odor concentration based on compound OAVs. Single-compound odor thresholds (SCOT) were statistically summarized and analyzed, and OAVs were calculated for all compounds. Odor concentrations were regressed against OAV values using multivariate regression techniques. Both swine sites had four common compounds with the highest OAVs (ranked high to low: hydrogen sulfide, 4-methylphenol, butyric acid, isovaleric acid). The dairy sites had these same four compounds in common in the top five, and in addition diethyl disulfide was ranked second at one dairy site, while ammonia was ranked third at the other dairy site. Summed OAVs were not a good predictor of odor concentration (R-2 = 0.16 to 0.52), underestimating actual odor concentrations by 2 to 3 times. Based on the OAV and regression analyses, we conclude that hydrogen sulfide, 4-methylphenol, isovaleric acid, ammonia, and diethyl disulfide are the most likely contributors to swine odor, while hydrogen sulfide, 4-methyl phenol, butyric acid, and isovaleric acid are the most likely contributors to dairy odors. C1 [Parker, D. B.; Caraway, E. A.] W Texas A&M Univ, Commercial Core Lab, Canyon, TX 79016 USA. [Parker, D. B.] USDA ARS, Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Koziel, J. A.; Cai, L.; Hoff, S. J.; Heathcote, K. Y.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Ames, IA USA. [Jacobson, L. D.; Akdeniz, N.; Hetchler, B. P.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Bioprod & Biosyst Engn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Bereznicki, S. D.; Heber, A. J.] Purdue Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Lim, T. T.] Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO USA. [Zhang, S.] Fudan Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. RP Parker, DB (reprint author), W Texas A&M Univ, Commercial Core Lab, WTAMU Box 60938, Canyon, TX 79016 USA. EM dparker@wtamu.edu RI Zhang, Shicheng/H-2399-2011; Koziel, Jacek/B-5483-2014 OI Zhang, Shicheng/0000-0001-9994-1385; Koziel, Jacek/0000-0002-2387-0354 FU USDA-NRI [2005-35112-15336] FX This research was funded by USDA-NRI Grant No. 2005-35112-15336 entitled "Odor Emissions and Chemical Analysis of Odorous Compounds from Animal Buildings." Collaborations of the Agricultural Air Research Council, the National Pork Board, the National Milk Board, and the pork and dairy producers at the four sites are acknowledged. NR 43 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 41 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD NOV-DEC PY 2012 VL 55 IS 6 BP 2357 EP 2368 PG 12 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 076ZW UT WOS:000313998700033 ER PT J AU Newcomer, BW Marley, MS Ridpath, JF Neill, JD Boykin, DW Kumar, A Givens, MD AF Newcomer, Benjamin W. Marley, M. Shonda Ridpath, Julia F. Neill, John D. Boykin, David W. Kumar, Arvind Givens, M. Daniel TI Efficacy of an antiviral compound to inhibit replication of multiple pestivirus species SO ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Pestivirus; Antiviral; Bovine viral diarrhea virus; Border disease virus ID VIRAL DIARRHEA VIRUS; BORDER DISEASE VIRUS AB Pestiviruses are economically important pathogens of livestock. An aromatic cationic compound (DB772) has previously been shown to inhibit bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) type 1 in vitro at concentrations lacking cytotoxic side effects. The aim of this study was to determine the scope of antiviral activity of DB772 among diverse pestiviruses. Isolates of BVDV 2, border disease virus (BDV), HoBi virus, pronghorn virus and Bungowannah virus were tested for in vitro susceptibility to DB772 by incubating infected cells in medium containing 0, 0.006, 0.01, 0.02, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.39, 0.78, 1.56, 3.125, 6.25, 12.5 or 25 mu M DB772. The samples were assayed for the presence of virus by virus isolation and titration (BDV and BVDV 2) or PCR (HoBi, pronghorn and Bungowannah viruses). Cytotoxicity of the compound was assayed for each cell type. Complete inhibition of BVDV 2, BDV, and Pronghorn virus was detected when DB772 was included in the culture media at concentrations of 0.20 mu M and higher. In two of three tests, a concentration of 0.05 mu M DB772 was sufficient to completely inhibit HoBi virus replication. Bungowannah virus was completely inhibited at a concentration of 0.01 mu M DB772. Thus, DB772 effectively inhibits all pestiviruses studied at concentrations >0.20 mu M. As cytotoxicity is not evident at these concentrations, this antiviral compound potentially represents an effective preventative or therapeutic for diverse pestiviruses. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Newcomer, Benjamin W.] Auburn Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Clin Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Marley, M. Shonda; Givens, M. Daniel] Auburn Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Ridpath, Julia F.; Neill, John D.] ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Boykin, David W.; Kumar, Arvind] Georgia State Univ, Dept Chem, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. RP Newcomer, BW (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Clin Sci, 1500 Wire Rd, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM bwn0001@auburn.edu; edensms@auburn.e-du; julia.ridpath@ars.usda.gov; john.neill@ars.usda.gov; dboykin@gsu.edu; rasaayan@yahoo.com; givenmd@auburn.edu NR 13 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-3542 J9 ANTIVIR RES JI Antiviral Res. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 96 IS 2 BP 127 EP 129 DI 10.1016/j.antiviral.2012.09.005 PG 3 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA 068VH UT WOS:000313393800006 PM 22985628 ER PT J AU Donlan, J Skog, K Byrne, KA AF Donlan, Jennifer Skog, Kenneth Byrne, Kenneth A. TI Carbon storage in harvested wood products for Ireland 1961-2009 SO BIOMASS & BIOENERGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Conference on Lignocellulosic Ethanol CY OCT 13-15, 2010 CL Copenhagen, DENMARK DE HWP; Harvested wood products; Carbon accounting; Stock-change approach; Production approach; Atmospheric-flow approach ID GREENHOUSE-GAS AB Forests are significant stores of carbon (C). This has been recognised by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and forests are one of the sectors which are included in national greenhouse gas (GHG) inventories. Some of this C pool remains in wood after harvest and can remain in use for long periods of time. Accounting for the C stored in harvested wood products (HWP) can potentially contribute to GHG mitigation. A model was developed for this research to estimate C stocks and flows in HWP in Ireland for the years 1961-2009. The change in carbon stocks in HWP were estimated on an annual basis and shown to increase between 1961 and 2009. This increase in annual net additions to C stocks is the result of an increase in domestic harvest (and the resulting inflow into HWP pool) and an increase in HWP going to end uses with longer half-lives. This model (using a Tier II method) is an improvement to previous national estimates (using the Tier I method). Uncertainty was reduced by utilizing national data. This work shows that HWP has considerable potential to support GHG mitigation in Ireland. Inclusion of HWP in Ireland's National Inventory Report (NIR) would give a more comprehensive picture of how the Irish forest sector is mitigating GHG emissions. This model will be incorporated into CARBWARE (Black 2008), the model used to estimate C stored in each of the 5 forest pools, of current and future Irish forests. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Donlan, Jennifer; Byrne, Kenneth A.] Univ Limerick, Dept Life Sci, Limerick, Ireland. [Skog, Kenneth] US Forest Serv, USDA, Prod Lab, Madison, WI USA. RP Donlan, J (reprint author), Univ Limerick, Dept Life Sci, Limerick, Ireland. EM jennifer.donlan@ul.ie RI Byrne, Kenneth /F-9638-2013 OI Byrne, Kenneth /0000-0001-8622-7297 FU Programme of Competitive Forestry Research and Development (COFORD) FX This research was funded by the Programme of Competitive Forestry Research and Development (COFORD). Thanks to Eoin O'Driscoll for providing data on HWP end uses. NR 27 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 21 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0961-9534 EI 1873-2909 J9 BIOMASS BIOENERG JI Biomass Bioenerg. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 46 SI SI BP 731 EP 738 DI 10.1016/j.biombioe.2012.06.018 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 067PJ UT WOS:000313307300073 ER PT J AU Terzi, E Kartal, SN Ibanez, CM Kose, C Arango, R Clausen, CA Green, F AF Terzi, Evren Kartal, S. Nami Marcela Ibanez, Claudia Kose, Coskun Arango, Rachel Clausen, Carol A. Green, Frederick, III TI Biological performance of Liquidambar orientalis Mill. heartwood SO INTERNATIONAL BIODETERIORATION & BIODEGRADATION LA English DT Article DE Heartwood; Extractive; Decay; Mold; Termite; Insect; Liquidambar orientalis ID RESISTANCE; STORAX; DECAY AB New approaches for wood protection based on green technologies have increased interest in using heartwood portions of certain wood species for the effects (toxic and antioxidant properties, chelate formation, hydrophobicity) of extractives located in heartwood. This study evaluated the biological performance of heartwood of Liquidambar orientalis Mill., trees well-known for production of balsam. Heartwood specimens were subjected to soil-block decay tests based on the American Wood Protection Association standard method using two brown-rot and two white-rot fungi. Specimens were also subjected to two different laboratory termite resistance tests. Additionally, heartwood specimens were tested for mold growth and resistance to furniture beetle larvae. laboratory fungal decay resistance tests showed that the heartwood of the tree was not resistant against the fungi tested; however, the wood was resistant against termites and furniture beetle larvae in laboratory conditions. Mold tests revealed that the wood also showed resistance to mold growth. Complete biological resistance was not achieved in this study, suggesting that heartwood extractives do not directly correspond to resistance to wood-degrading fungi. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Terzi, Evren; Kartal, S. Nami; Kose, Coskun] Istanbul Univ, Fac Forestry, Dept Forest Biol & Wood Protect Technol, TR-34473 Istanbul, Turkey. [Marcela Ibanez, Claudia] Univ Republica, Fac Quim, Dept Tecnol, Unidad Acad Gest Tecnol, Montevideo, Uruguay. [Arango, Rachel; Clausen, Carol A.; Green, Frederick, III] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53725 USA. RP Kartal, SN (reprint author), Istanbul Univ, Fac Forestry, Dept Forest Biol & Wood Protect Technol, TR-34473 Istanbul, Turkey. EM snkartal@istanbul.edu.tr RI Kartal, Nami/E-6516-2013 FU Coordination Unit for Scientific Research Projects, Istanbul University, Turkey [4436] FX The authors acknowledge financial support by the Coordination Unit for Scientific Research Projects, Istanbul University, Turkey (Project No: 4436). We also thank Lourdes Silva y Ana Ibarra, Carlos Mantero, and Mario Rabinovich of Unidad Academica de Gestion Tecnologica Departamento Tecnologico, Facultad de Quimica, Universidad de la Republica, Uruguay, for their assistance and support for insect resistance tests. NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0964-8305 J9 INT BIODETER BIODEGR JI Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 75 BP 104 EP 108 DI 10.1016/j.ibiod.2012.04.025 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 068RE UT WOS:000313383100016 ER PT J AU Hastrup, ACS Green, F Lebow, PK Jensen, B AF Hastrup, Anne Christine Steenkjaer Green, Frederick, III Lebow, Patricia K. Jensen, Bo TI Enzymatic oxalic acid regulation correlated with wood degradation in four brown-rot fungi SO INTERNATIONAL BIODETERIORATION & BIODEGRADATION LA English DT Article DE Oxalate decarboxylase; Wood-decay fungi; Basidiomycetes; Oxalic acid; Wood degradation; Calcium oxalate crystals; SEM ID WHITE-ROT; OXALATE DECARBOXYLASE; CALCIUM TRANSLOCATION; SERPULA-LACRYMANS; POSTIA-PLACENTA; DECAY FUNGI; ACCUMULATION; PRESERVATIVES; MECHANISMS; EXTRACTION AB Oxalic acid is a key component in the initiation of brown-rot decay and it has been suggested that it plays multiple roles during the degradation process. Oxalic acid is accumulated to varying degrees among brown-rot fungi; however, details on active regulation are scarce. The ac