FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Yilmaz, MT Crow, WT AF Yilmaz, M. Tugrul Crow, Wade T. TI The Optimality of Potential Rescaling Approaches in Land Data Assimilation SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY LA English DT Article ID SOIL-MOISTURE PRODUCTS; SURFACE MODELS; TRIPLE COLLOCATION; VALIDATION; ERROR; WIND AB It is well known that systematic differences exist between modeled and observed realizations of hydrological variables like soil moisture. Prior to data assimilation, these differences must be removed in order to obtain an optimal analysis. A number of rescaling approaches have been proposed for this purpose. These methods include rescaling techniques based on matching sampled temporal statistics, minimizing the least squares distance between observations and models, and the application of triple collocation. Here, the authors evaluate the optimality and relative performances of these rescaling methods both analytically and numerically and find that a triple collocation-based rescaling method results in an optimal solution, whereas variance matching and linear least squares regression approaches result in only approximations to this optimal solution. C1 [Yilmaz, M. Tugrul; Crow, Wade T.] Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Yilmaz, MT (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Ave,BARC WEST,Bldg 007,Room 104, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM tugrul.yilmaz@ars.usda.gov FU NASA Soil Moisture Active/Passive Science Definition Team FX We thank two anonymous reviewers and Bart Forman for their constructive comments, which led to numerous clarifications in the final version of the manuscript. Research was partially supported by Wade Crow's membership in the NASA Soil Moisture Active/Passive Science Definition Team. The United States Department of Agriculture is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 18 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 3 U2 15 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1525-755X EI 1525-7541 J9 J HYDROMETEOROL JI J. Hydrometeorol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 14 IS 2 BP 650 EP 660 DI 10.1175/JHM-D-12-052.1 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 125SI UT WOS:000317561200016 ER PT J AU Xu, LZ Hurtle, W Rowland, JM Casteran, KA Bucko, SM Grau, FR Valdazo-Gonzalez, B Knowles, NJ King, DP Beckham, TR McIntosh, MT AF Xu, Lizhe Hurtle, William Rowland, Jessica M. Casteran, Karissa A. Bucko, Stacey M. Grau, Fred R. Valdazo-Gonzalez, Begona Knowles, Nick J. King, Donald P. Beckham, Tammy R. McIntosh, Michael T. TI Development of a universal RT-PCR for amplifying and sequencing the leader and capsid-coding region of foot-and-mouth disease virus SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Foot-and-mouth disease virus; FMD; P1; Polymerase chain reaction; PCR; Sequencing ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; REACTION ASSAY; REAL-TIME; COMPARATIVE GENOMICS; AMPLIFICATION; STRAIN; RNA; RECOMBINATION; STRATEGIES AB Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly infectious viral disease of cloven-hoofed animals with debilitating and devastating consequences for livestock industries throughout the world. Key antigenic determinants of the causative agent, FMD virus (FMDV), reside within the surface-exposed proteins of the viral capsid. Therefore, characterization of the sequence that encodes the capsid (P1) is important for tracking the emergence or spread of FMD and for selection and development of new vaccines. Reliable methods to generate sequence for this region are challenging due to the high inter-serotypic variability between different strains of FMDV. This study describes the development and optimization of a novel, robust and universal RT-PCR method that may be used to amplify and sequence a 3 kilobase (kb) fragment encompassing the leader proteinase (L) and capsid-coding portions (P1) of the FMDV genome. This new RT-PCR method was evaluated in two laboratories using RNA extracted from 134 clinical samples collected from different countries and representing a range of topotypes and lineages within each of the seven FMDV serotypes. Sequence analysis assisted in the reiterative design of primers that are suitable for routine sequencing of these RT-PCR fragments. Using this method, sequence analysis was undertaken for 49 FMD viruses collected from outbreaks in the field. This approach provides a robust tool that can be used for rapid antigenic characterization of FMDV and phylogenetic analyses and has utility for inclusion in laboratory response programs as an aid to vaccine matching or selection in the event of FMD outbreaks. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Xu, Lizhe; Rowland, Jessica M.; Casteran, Karissa A.; Bucko, Stacey M.; Grau, Fred R.; McIntosh, Michael T.] USDA, Foreign Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Vet Serv,Natl Vet Serv Labs, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. [Hurtle, William] USDA ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Dept Homeland Secur, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. [Valdazo-Gonzalez, Begona; Knowles, Nick J.; King, Donald P.] Pirbright Inst, Woking GU24 0NF, Surrey, England. [Beckham, Tammy R.] Natl Ctr Foreign Anim & Zoonot Dis Def Ctr, College Stn, TX USA. [Beckham, Tammy R.] Texas Vet Med Diagnost Labs, College Stn, TX USA. RP McIntosh, MT (reprint author), USDA, Foreign Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Vet Serv,Natl Vet Serv Labs, POB 848, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. EM michael.t.mcintosh@aphis.usda.gov RI Institute, Pirbright/K-4476-2014; OI King, Donald/0000-0002-6959-2708 FU USDA; APHIS; National Veterinary Services Laboratories as part of the animal disease diagnostic mission; Science and Technology Directorate of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security [HSHQDC-08-X-00508, HSHQDC-10-X-00133]; UK Defra project [SE2938] FX The authors are-grateful to the many contributors for providing field samples of FMDV including Drs. Usman Waheed and Qaiser Khan (National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faisalabad, Pakistan) for recent field samples from Pakistan. This work was supported by the USDA, APHIS, and National Veterinary Services Laboratories as part of the animal disease diagnostic mission and by interagency agreements with the Science and Technology Directorate of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security under Award Numbers HSHQDC-08-X-00508 and HSHQDC-10-X-00133. Work at the Pirbright Institute was funded by UK Defra project SE2938. NR 42 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD APR PY 2013 VL 189 IS 1 BP 70 EP 76 DI 10.1016/j.jviromet.2013.01.009 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 124HT UT WOS:000317455100012 PM 23380590 ER PT J AU Pierce, LR Willey, JC Crawford, EL Palsule, VV Leaman, DW Faisal, M Kim, RK Shepherd, BS Stanoszek, LM Stepien, CA AF Pierce, Lindsey R. Willey, James C. Crawford, Erin L. Palsule, Vrushalee V. Leaman, Douglas W. Faisal, Mohamed Kim, Robert K. Shepherd, Brian S. Stanoszek, Lauren M. Stepien, Carol A. TI A new StaRT-PCR approach to detect and quantify fish Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia virus (VHSv): Enhanced quality control with internal standards SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Cell culture; Diagnostic validation; Fish virus; Real-time PCR; StaRT-PCR; Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia virus (VHSv) ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; QUANTITATIVE RT-PCR; ESOX-MASQUINONGY MITCHILL; GREAT-LAKES; PATHOGENIC RHABDOVIRUSES; DIFFERENTIAL-DIAGNOSIS; EXPRESSION MEASUREMENT; MESSENGER-RNA; GENOTYPE IVB; ASSAY AB Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia virus (VHSv) causes one of the world's most important finfish diseases, killing >80 species across Eurasia and North America. A new and especially virulent strain (IVb) emerged in the North American Great Lakes in 2003, threatening fisheries, baitfish, and aquaculture industries. Weeks-long and costly cell culture is the OIE and USDA-APHIS approved diagnostic. A new Standardized Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (StaRT-PCR) assay that uniquely incorporates internal standards to improve accuracy and prevent false negatives was developed and evaluated for its ability to detect and quantify VHSv. Results from StaRT-PCR, SYBR (R) green real time qRT-PCR, and cell culture were compared, as well as the effects of potential PCR inhibitors (EDTA and high RNA). Findings show that StaRT-PCR is sensitive, detecting a single molecule, with 100% accuracy at six molecules, and had no false negatives. In comparison, false negatives ranged from 14 to 47% in SYBR (R) green real time qRT-PCR tests, and 47-70% with cell culture. StaRT-PCR uniquely controlled for EDTA and RNA interference. Range of VHSv quantitation by StaRT-PCR was 1.0 x 10(0)-1.2 x 10(5) VHSv/10(6) actb1 molecules in wild caught fishes and 1.0 x 10(0)-8.4 x 10(5) molecules in laboratory challenged specimens. In the latter experiments, muskellunge with skin lesions had significantly more viral molecules (mean = 1.9 x 10(4)) than those without (1.1 x 10(3)) (p < 0.04). VHSv infection was detected earlier in injection than in immersion challenged yellow perch (two versus three days), with molecule numbers in both being comparable and relatively consistent over the remaining course of the experiment. Our results show that the StaRT-PCR test accurately and reliably detects and quantifies VHSv. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Pierce, Lindsey R.; Palsule, Vrushalee V.; Stepien, Carol A.] Univ Toledo, Lake Erie Ctr, Great Lakes Genet Genom Lab, Toledo, OH 43616 USA. [Pierce, Lindsey R.; Palsule, Vrushalee V.; Stepien, Carol A.] Univ Toledo, Dept Environm Sci, Toledo, OH 43616 USA. [Willey, James C.; Crawford, Erin L.; Stanoszek, Lauren M.] Univ Toledo, Dept Med, Toledo, OH 43614 USA. [Leaman, Douglas W.] Univ Toledo, Dept Biol, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Faisal, Mohamed; Kim, Robert K.] Michigan State Univ, Aquat Anim Hlth Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Shepherd, Brian S.] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Freshwater Sci, USDA ARS, Milwaukee, WI 53204 USA. RP Stepien, CA (reprint author), Univ Toledo, Lake Erie Ctr, Great Lakes Genet Genom Lab, 6200 Bayshore Rd, Toledo, OH 43616 USA. EM james.willey2@utoledo.edu; carol.stepien@utoledo.edu FU USDA-NIFA (CSREES) [2008-38927-19156, 2009-38927-20043, 2010-38927-21048]; USDA-ARS CRIS [3655-31320-002-00D, 58-3655-9-748 A01]; NOAA Ohio Sea Grant [R/LR-015]; NCI grant [CA138397]; George Isaac Endowed Chair in Cancer Research Fund; NSF GK-12 [DGE-0742395]; Great Lakes Fishery Trust, Lansing, MI; National Institutes of Health FX This study was funded by grants to C. Stepien, J. Willey, and D. Leaman from USDA-NIFA (CSREES) #2008-38927-19156, #2009-38927-20043, #2010-38927-21048, USDA-ARS CRIS project #3655-31320-002-00D, under the specific cooperative agreement #58-3655-9-748 A01 (for which B. Shepherd is another PI), NOAA Ohio Sea Grant #R/LR-015 (to C. Stepien and J. Willey), NCI grant #CA138397 (to J. Willey), and the George Isaac Endowed Chair in Cancer Research Fund (to J. Willey). NSF GK-12 #DGE-0742395 to C. Stepien (PI) paid the stipend of L. Pierce. The Great Lakes Fishery Trust, Lansing, MI, and the National Institutes of Health provided funds for M. Faisal and R. Kim. Special thanks are extended for T. Blomquist, A. Pore, J. Yeo, present and past members of the Great Lakes Genetics/Genomics Laboratory, including H. Dean, A. Haponski, S. Karsiotis, D. Murphy, M. Neilson, C. Prichard, O.J. Sepulveda-Villet, T. Sullivan, and S. Woolwine, and Lake Erie Center administrative staff P. Uzmann and M. Gray. M. Salit of the National Institutes of Standards and Technology (Gaithersburg, MD) provided the ERCC standards to access reverse transcription efficiency. This study was aided by samples from G. Kurath and J. Winton of USGS (Seattle, WA), P. Bowser of Cornell University (Ithaca, NY), F. Goetz of the University of Wisconsin (Milwaukee, WI), K. Garver of Fisheries and Oceans (Ottawa, Canada), I. Bandin of the Universidad de Santiago de Compostela (La Coruna, Spain), and T. Gadd of the Finnish Food Safety Authority Evira (Helsinki, Finland). The views contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the U.S. Government. Mention of trade name, proprietary product, or specific equipment does not constitute a guarantee or warranty by the USDA and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that may be suitable. This manuscript is submitted for publication with the understanding that the U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for governmental purposes. This is publication #2013-07 from the Lake Erie Research Center. NR 54 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD APR PY 2013 VL 189 IS 1 BP 129 EP 142 DI 10.1016/j.jviromet.2013.01.006 PG 14 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 124HT UT WOS:000317455100022 PM 23375747 ER PT J AU Tatineni, S Sarath, G Seifers, D French, R AF Tatineni, Satyanarayana Sarath, Gautam Seifers, Dallas French, Roy TI Immunodetection of Triticum mosaic virus by DAS- and DAC-ELISA using antibodies produced against coat protein expressed in Escherichia coli: Potential for high-throughput diagnostic methods SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Immunodetection; Recombinant antibodies; DAS-ELISA; Diagnostic method; Field detection ID MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; TRANSGENIC PLANTS; GREAT-PLAINS; WHEAT; MITE AB Triticum mosaic virus (TriMV), an economically important virus infecting wheat in the Great Plains region of the USA, is the type species of the Poacevirus genus in the family Potyviridae. Sensitive and high-throughput serology-based detection methods are crucial for the management of TriMV and germplasm screening in wheat breeding programs. In this study, TriMV coat protein (CP) was expressed in Escherichia coli, and polyclonal antibodies were generated against purified soluble native form recombinant CP (rCP) in rabbits. Specificity and sensitivity of resulting antibodies were tested in Western immuno-blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). In direct antigen coating (DAC)-ELISA, antibodies reacted specifically, beyond 1:20,000 dilution with TriMV in crude sap, but not with healthy extracts, and antiserum at a 1:10,000 dilution detected TriMV in crude sap up to 1:4860 dilution. Notably, rabbit anti-TriMV IgG and anti-TriMV IgG-alkaline phosphatase conjugate reacted positively with native virions in crude sap in a double antibody sandwich-ELISA, suggesting that these antibodies can be used as coating antibodies which is crucial for any 'sandwich' type of assays. Finally, the recombinant antibodies reacted positively in ELISA with representative TriMV isolates collected from fields, suggesting that antibodies generated against rCP can be used for sensitive, large-scale, and broad-spectrum detection of TriMV. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Tatineni, Satyanarayana; Sarath, Gautam; French, Roy] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Tatineni, Satyanarayana; French, Roy] Univ Nebraska, Dept Plant Pathol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Sarath, Gautam] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Seifers, Dallas] Kansas State Univ, Agr Res Ctr Hays, Hays, KS 67601 USA. RP Tatineni, S (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM satya.tatineni@ars.usda.gov FU Nebraska Wheat Board FX This research was supported in part by a research grant from the Nebraska Wheat Board. We thank Craig J. Aldrich and Jonathan Horrell for their technical assistance. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 31 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD APR PY 2013 VL 189 IS 1 BP 196 EP 203 DI 10.1016/j.jviromet.2013.01.023 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 124HT UT WOS:000317455100031 PM 23454646 ER PT J AU Brown, TW Tucker, CS AF Brown, Travis W. Tucker, Craig S. TI Pumping Performance of a Slow-Rotating Paddlewheel for Split-Pond Aquaculture Systems SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article AB Commercial catfish farmers are intensifying production by retrofitting ponds with variations of the partitioned aquaculture system. The split-pond system is the most common variation used commercially. The split-pond consists of a small fish-holding basin connected to a waste treatment lagoon by two conduits. Water is circulated between the two basins to remove fish waste and provide oxygenated water to the fish-holding basin. Although much research has been devoted to algal and fish production dynamics in variations of the partitioned aquaculture system, little information is available on basic engineering considerations for devices to circulate water in these systems. This study evaluated performance characteristics for a slow-rotating paddlewheel pump that looked at the relationships among power input, rotational speed (circular tip velocity), water velocity, and water flow rate. Rotational speeds of 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0rpm were evaluated in open channels and in channels with fish barriers. Measured power input was greater than the calculated power input for all four rotational speeds and ranged from 0.11 to 1.80 hp. Water flow rate ranged from 4,54819,330 gal/min and water discharge per unit power input decreased dramatically as rotational speed increased. Installation of fish barriers decreased channel open area and the resulting frictional losses reduced water flow rates. Results from this study provide initial pump performance data for designing split-pond aquaculture systems. Received September 6, 2012; accepted October 19, 2012 C1 [Brown, Travis W.; Tucker, Craig S.] ARS, USDA, Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Tucker, CS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, POB 38, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM craig.tucker@ars.usda.gov NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 11 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1522-2055 EI 1548-8454 J9 N AM J AQUACULT JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 75 IS 2 BP 153 EP 158 DI 10.1080/15222055.2012.743935 PG 6 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 122BO UT WOS:000317290200001 ER PT J AU Wills, PS Weirich, CR Baptiste, RM Riche, MA AF Wills, Paul S. Weirich, Charles R. Baptiste, Richard M. Riche, Marty A. TI Evaluation of Commercial Marine Fish Feeds for Production of Juvenile Cobia in Recirculating Aquaculture Systems SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article ID RACHYCENTRON-CANADUM; ACID-COMPOSITION; DIETARY-PROTEIN; SOYBEAN-MEAL; LIPID-LEVELS; REPLACEMENT; REQUIREMENT; GROWTH; SUPPLEMENTATION; LARVICULTURE AB The effect of different commercially available marine fish diets on production characteristics and body composition of juvenile Cobia Rachycentron canadum reared in production-scale recirculating aquaculture systems was evaluated in a 57-d growth trial. Juvenile Cobia (mean weight +/- SE, 26.7 +/- 0.9g) were stocked at an initial density of 1.2kg/m3. After stocking, fish were fed one of three closed-formula diets formulated for carnivorous marine finfish (coded diet A, 50% crude protein : 22% crude lipid; diet B, 49% crude protein : 17% crude lipid; and diet C, 48% crude protein : 17% crude lipid), all at a targeted feed rate of 35% body weight per day. At 2-week intervals, 10% of the population of each tank was sampled to determine mean weight, weight gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion efficiency, and biomass. At the termination of the trial, the entire population of each tank was harvested to determine the same characteristics and survival. In addition, fish were sampled to determine relative changes in whole body composition, energy retention, protein efficiency ratio, and protein productive value. Final weight (203.3g), specific growth rate (3.6%/d), feed conversion efficiency (92.2%), biomass (7.3kg/m3), and protein productive value (25.2%) of fish fed the high-lipid diet A were significantly higher than those of fish fed the other two diets. No differences in whole body composition were observed among fish fed the three diets with the exception of dry matter composition. Contrary to previous reports, the results of the current study indicate that juvenile Cobia reared in production-scale recirculating aquaculture systems fed high-lipid diets exhibit protein sparing and better growth. Received September 19, 2012; accepted November 9, 2012 C1 [Wills, Paul S.; Baptiste, Richard M.] Florida Atlantic Univ, Harbor Branch Oceanog Inst, Ctr Aquaculture & Stock Enhancement, Ft Pierce, FL 34946 USA. [Weirich, Charles R.; Riche, Marty A.] ARS, USDA, Ft Pierce, FL 34946 USA. RP Wills, PS (reprint author), Florida Atlantic Univ, Harbor Branch Oceanog Inst, Ctr Aquaculture & Stock Enhancement, 5600 US 1 North, Ft Pierce, FL 34946 USA. EM pwills2@hboi.fau.edu FU U.S. Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Research Service [6225-63000-007-00D] FX Thanks are extended to Jay Adams, Meghan Anderson, Daniel Benetti, Terri Breeden, Megan Davis, Don Freeman, Bryan Garr, David Haley, Susan Laramore, Rolland Laramore, Todd Lenger, Gary Luisi, Tim Pfeiffer, Bruno Sardenburg, Peter Stock, and Patrick Tracy for technical support. This study was funded by the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Research Service under Project No. 6225-63000-007-00D. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 45 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 26 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1522-2055 J9 N AM J AQUACULT JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 75 IS 2 BP 178 EP 185 DI 10.1080/15222055.2012.750635 PG 8 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 122BO UT WOS:000317290200005 ER PT J AU Farmer, BD Beck, BH Mitchell, AJ Straus, DL AF Farmer, Bradley D. Beck, Benjamin H. Mitchell, Andrew J. Straus, David L. TI Pretreating Channel Catfish with Copper Sulfate Affects Susceptibility to Columnaris Disease SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article ID FLAVOBACTERIUM-COLUMNARE; RAINBOW-TROUT; EXPOSURE; INFECTION; AMMONIA AB Columnaris disease is one of the most important bacterial diseases affecting Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus commercially grown in the USA. This disease can greatly diminish the profitability of aquaculture operations by large-scale mortality events, particularly in the fingerling production phase. Three experiments were conducted to evaluate the susceptibility of Channel Catfish fingerlings to columnaris disease when they were preexposed to copper sulfate (CuSO4). In experiment 1, fish were exposed for 24h to 0, 1, 2, or 4mg/L CuSO4 and were challenged immediately with Flavobacterium columnare, the etiological agent of columnaris disease. The resulting survival data indicated that fish preexposed to CuSO4 and then challenged exhibited significantly lower survival than did fish not exposed and then challenged. Experiment 2 was designed as above, except after the 24-h static exposure to CuSO4, fish were subjected to an additional 24h in flow-through water prior to the challenge with F. columnare. In contrast to experiment 1, fish preexposed to CuSO4 and allowed an additional 24h in flow-through water had a significantly higher survival rate than fish not exposed and then challenged. Experiment 3 evaluated the longevity of resistance to columnaris disease afforded by preexposure to CuSO4; in this experiment the remaining fish from experiment 2 were challenged 9 d after exposure to CuSO4. The increased survival rate of fish preexposed to CuSO4 was still significantly different, indicating the incurred resistance to F. columnare lasts for at least a week after exposure to CuSO4. Received August 29, 2012; accepted December 7, 2012 C1 [Farmer, Bradley D.; Beck, Benjamin H.; Mitchell, Andrew J.; Straus, David L.] ARS, USDA, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. RP Farmer, BD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, POB 1050, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. EM bradley.farmer@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service [6225-32000-004-00D] FX The authors thank Matt Barnett and Cindy Ledbetter for their technical assistance throughout the course of the study. We are grateful for constructive comments and review of early manuscripts. This study was funded by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service under Project No. 6225-32000-004-00D. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1522-2055 J9 N AM J AQUACULT JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 75 IS 2 BP 205 EP 211 DI 10.1080/15222055.2012.758210 PG 7 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 122BO UT WOS:000317290200008 ER PT J AU Straus, DL Bowker, JD Bowman, MP Carty, DG Mitchell, AJ Farmer, BD Ledbetter, CK AF Straus, David L. Bowker, James D. Bowman, Molly P. Carty, Daniel G. Mitchell, Andrew J. Farmer, Bradley D. Ledbetter, Cynthia K. TI Safety of Feed Treated with 17 alpha-Methyltestosterone (17MT) to Larval Nile Tilapia SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article ID SEX CONTROL; FISH; TOXICITY; AMMONIA AB As a synthetic androgen, 17-methyltestosterone (17MT) is frequently used to redirect the course of sex differentiation by exposing the undifferentiated gonad to a sufficient dosage. This hormone has been widely accepted as a safe and effective treatment for sex reversal in many fish species, and it is administered to larval tilapia (312 d old) for approximate to 28 consecutive days to produce populations of >90% males. This study assessed the safety of 17MT-treated feed when administered to larval Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus at one, three, and five times (i.e., 1x, 3x, and 5x) the proposed dosage of 9mg 17MT/kg fish daily for 28 consecutive days. Despite elevated total ammonia nitrogen levels measured during the last 5 d of the study, environmental conditions were acceptable for rearing tilapia. Fish fed aggressively regardless of the concentration of 17MT in the feed, behavior was considered normal with no dose-related differences detected, and no mortality was observed in the 3x treatment group. Fish that were treated with five times the proposed therapeutic dosage had significant pathological changes. Based on the results of this study, the 17MT margin of safety extends to at least 3x (27mg 17MT/kg fish daily) the proposed dosage of 9mg 17MT/kg fish daily when administered in feed for 28 d to Nile Tilapia. Received October 8, 2012; accepted December 7, 2012 C1 [Straus, David L.; Mitchell, Andrew J.; Farmer, Bradley D.; Ledbetter, Cynthia K.] ARS, USDA, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Bowker, James D.; Bowman, Molly P.; Carty, Daniel G.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Aquat Anim Drug Approval Partnership Program, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. RP Straus, DL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, POB 1050, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. EM dave.straus@ars.usda.gov NR 17 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 10 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1522-2055 J9 N AM J AQUACULT JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 75 IS 2 BP 212 EP 219 DI 10.1080/15222055.2012.758211 PG 8 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 122BO UT WOS:000317290200009 ER PT J AU Torrans, L Ott, B Jones, R Jones, R AF Torrans, Les Ott, Brian Jones, Robert Shorty Jones, Robert, Jr. TI Channel Catfish Hatchery Production Efficiency Using a Vertical-Lift Incubator (the See-Saw) at Various Egg Loading Rates SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article ID MANAGEMENT; SURVIVAL; GROWTH; MASSES; FRY AB Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus spawns are typically incubated in 0.25-in-mesh baskets suspended in water that is agitated with paddles positioned between the baskets. We previously tested a vertical-lift incubator (the See-Saw) using Channel Catfish spawns. When loaded with spawns at rates higher than recommended for traditional paddle-type incubators, as often occurs during the peak of the spawning season, survival to the swim-up stage was significantly (2.3times) higher with the See-Saw than with traditional incubators. This project examined the effect of spawn loading rate and added oxygen on fry production with the See-Saw. In study 1, See-Saws were loaded with 15.0 +/- 0.1 lb (mean +/- SE; 219,825 eggs), 30.1 +/- 0.1 lb (446,055 eggs), 45.1 +/- 0.1 lb (668,206 eggs), or 60.1 +/- 0.1 lb (891,157 eggs) of spawns per trough. Water flow averaged 2.1 gal/minroughly 40% of the rate recommended for paddle-type incubators. Swim-up fry production increased in proportion to egg loading density up to 45 lb/trough, with the 15-, 30-, and 45-lb loading rate treatments producing 132,658, 263,828, and 429,422 swim-up fry, respectively. However, the 60-lb treatment produced only 417,237 swim-up fry. Survival to the swim-up stage in the 15-, 30-, and 45-lb treatments averaged 60 +/- 9, 59 +/- 6, and 64 +/- 4%, respectively, but survival to swim-up in the 60-lb treatment averaged only 46 +/- 8%. In study 2, the addition of purified oxygen to See-Saw incubators loaded with 36 spawns/trough (approximate to 45 lb/trough) increased the DO concentration by 4.0ppm (to 125% air saturation) but had no effect on survival to swim-up. The See-Saw incubator can effectively incubate up to 45 lb of spawns (670,000 eggs)up to three times as many eggs as traditional paddle-type incubatorswhile using less than half the water; thus, the See-Saw incubator can provide significant savings in space, water, and energy use. Received September 13, 2012; accepted December 28, 2012 C1 [Torrans, Les; Ott, Brian] ARS, USDA, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Jones, Robert Shorty; Jones, Robert, Jr.] Needmore Fisheries LLC, Glen Allan, MS 38744 USA. RP Torrans, L (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Catfish Genet Res Unit, POB 38, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM les.torrans@ars.usda.gov FU USDA Agricultural Research Service Current Research Information System [6402-13320-004-00D]; Southern Regional Aquaculture Center [SGA 6402-9-345]; Needmore Fisheries, LLC. [54-6402-349N] FX Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture(USDA). Funding for this project was provided by the USDA Agricultural Research Service Current Research Information System (Project Number 6402-13320-004-00D) and the Southern Regional Aquaculture Center (Reimbursable Cooperative Agreement SGA 6402-9-345) and was made possible through Nonfunded Cooperative Agreement 54-6402-349N with Needmore Fisheries, LLC. We thank the management and employees of Needmore Fisheries, S. Jones, and V. de Regt for their assistance with this project; we also thank C. Tucker, N. Chatakondi, and J. Steeby for their critical reviews of this manuscript. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1522-2055 J9 N AM J AQUACULT JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 75 IS 2 BP 235 EP 243 DI 10.1080/15222055.2013.763879 PG 9 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 122BO UT WOS:000317290200012 ER PT J AU Ohs, CL DiMaggio, MA Grabe, SW Broach, JS Watson, CA Breen, NE Barrows, FT AF Ohs, C. L. DiMaggio, M. A. Grabe, S. W. Broach, J. S. Watson, C. A. Breen, N. E. Barrows, F. T. TI Effects of Increasing Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) and Arachidonic Acid (ARA) in Brood Diets of Monodactylus sebae on Fecundity, Egg and Larval Quality, and Egg Fatty Acid Composition SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article ID REPRODUCTIVE-PERFORMANCE; N-3 HUFA; SPAWNING PERFORMANCE; ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS; CHANNEL CATFISH; PARALICHTHYS-OLIVACEUS; STRIPED FINGERFISH; JAPANESE FLOUNDER; FRY PRODUCTION; LIPID SOURCE AB The Guinean Fingerfish Monodactylus sebae is a popular euryhaline ornamental fish species with limited aquaculture production. One of the bottlenecks to commercial production is lack of knowledge of the nutritional requirements for broodstock. Therefore, three broodfish diets were formulated and fed to Guinean Fingerfish broodstock to determine their quantitative and qualitative effects on egg production and egg and larval morphology. The dietary treatments consisted of a control, a diet with increased docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and a diet with increased DHA and arachidonic acid (DHA + ARA). Broodfish fed the DHA + ARA diet spawned more frequently than broodfish fed the DHA diet and those fed the control diet. The greatest egg production was also observed from broodfish fed the DHA + ARA diet. The mean hatching success of floating eggs was not significantly different among diets. The mean egg and oil globule diameters for both floating and sinking eggs were significantly smaller for broodfish fed the DHA + ARA diet rather than the other diets. At both 24 and 48h, survival was significantly greater for fish fed the control diet than for those fed the DHA and DHA + ARA diets. At both 24 and 48h posthatch, notochord length was significantly shorter for larvae from broodfish fed the DHA + ARA diet than for larvae from fish fed the control diet. The fatty acid profiles of the eggs closely resembled the fatty acid profiles of the diets with respect to DHA and ARA levels. Guinean Fingerfish females appear to have the ability to regulate the levels of DHA and ARA assimilated into developing eggs, although there is not clear evidence that they can elongate and desaturate C18 fatty acids into DHA and ARA. Received April 23, 2012; accepted October 27, 2012 C1 [Ohs, C. L.; DiMaggio, M. A.; Broach, J. S.] Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Program Fisheries & Aquat Sci, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA. [Ohs, C. L.; DiMaggio, M. A.; Grabe, S. W.; Broach, J. S.] Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Indian River Res & Educ Ctr, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Watson, C. A.] Univ Florida, Trop Aquaculture Lab, Ruskin, FL 33570 USA. [Breen, N. E.] Roger Williams Univ, Dept Chem, Bristol, RI 02809 USA. [Barrows, F. T.] ARS, USDA, Fish Technol Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. RP Ohs, CL (reprint author), Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Program Fisheries & Aquat Sci, 7922 Northwest 71st St, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA. EM cohs@ufl.edu NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 30 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1522-2055 J9 N AM J AQUACULT JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 75 IS 2 BP 285 EP 294 DI 10.1080/15222055.2012.746248 PG 10 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 122BO UT WOS:000317290200018 ER PT J AU Shea, M Kritchevsky, SB Hsu, FC Nevitt, MC Kwoh, C Booth, SL Vermeer, C Loeser, RF AF Shea, M. Kritchevsky, S. B. Hsu, F. -C. Nevitt, M. C. Kwoh, C. Booth, S. L. Vermeer, C. Loeser, R. F. TI VITAMIN K STATUS AND MRI-BASED KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS CHARACTERISTICS IN COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER ADULTS: THE HEALTH ABC STUDY SO OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT World Congress of the Osteoarthritis-Research-Society-International (OARSI) CY APR 18-21, 2013 CL Philadelphia, PA SP OsteoArthritis Res Soc Int (OARSI) C1 [Shea, M.; Kritchevsky, S. B.; Hsu, F. -C.; Loeser, R. F.] Wake Forest Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC USA. [Nevitt, M. C.] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Kwoh, C.] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Booth, S. L.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Vermeer, C.] Univ Maastricht, VitaK, Maastricht, Netherlands. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1063-4584 J9 OSTEOARTHR CARTILAGE JI Osteoarthritis Cartilage PD APR PY 2013 VL 21 SU S BP S152 EP S153 PG 2 WC Orthopedics; Rheumatology SC Orthopedics; Rheumatology GA 130TF UT WOS:000317942300317 ER PT J AU Zhang, F Driban, JB Lo, GH Price, L Booth, S Eaton, CB Lu, B Nevitt, M Jackson, R Garganta, C Hochberg, MC Kwoh, CK McAlindon, TE AF Zhang, F. Driban, J. B. Lo, G. H. Price, L. Booth, S. Eaton, C. B. Lu, B. Nevitt, M. Jackson, R. Garganta, C. Hochberg, M. C. Kwoh, C. K. McAlindon, T. E. TI SERUM LEVELS OF VITAMIN D AND PARATHYROID HORMONE AND PROGRESSION OF KNEE OA: THE OSTEOARTHRITIS INITIATIVE STUDY SO OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT World Congress of the Osteoarthritis-Research-Society-International (OARSI) CY APR 18-21, 2013 CL Philadelphia, PA SP OsteoArthritis Res Soc Int (OARSI) C1 [Zhang, F.] Tufts Univ, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Driban, J. B.; Price, L.; Garganta, C.; McAlindon, T. E.] Tufts Med Ctr, Boston, MA USA. [Lo, G. H.] Baylor Coll Med, Boston, MA USA. [Booth, S.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Eaton, C. B.] Brown Univ, Pawtucket, RI USA. [Lu, B.] Harvard Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Nevitt, M.] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Jackson, R.] Ohio State Univ, Med Ctr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Hochberg, M. C.] Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Kwoh, C. K.] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, MA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1063-4584 J9 OSTEOARTHR CARTILAGE JI Osteoarthritis Cartilage PD APR PY 2013 VL 21 SU S BP S24 EP S25 PG 2 WC Orthopedics; Rheumatology SC Orthopedics; Rheumatology GA 130TF UT WOS:000317942300063 ER PT J AU Jiang, HF Ren, XP Chen, YN Huang, L Zhou, XJ Huang, JQ Froenicke, L Yu, JJ Guo, BZ Liao, BS AF Jiang, Huifang Ren, Xiaoping Chen, Yuning Huang, Li Zhou, Xiaojing Huang, Jiaquan Froenicke, Lutz Yu, Jiujiang Guo, Baozhu Liao, Boshou TI Phenotypic evaluation of the Chinese mini-mini core collection of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) and assessment for resistance to bacterial wilt disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum SO PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES-CHARACTERIZATION AND UTILIZATION LA English DT Article DE Arachis hypogaea; bacterial wilt; mini core collection; Ralstonia solanacearum ID GERMPLASM COLLECTION; GENETIC-RESOURCES AB In order to utilize germplasm resources more efficiently for peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) genetic improvement, a core collection of 576 accessions and a primary mini core collection of 298 accessions were developed previously from a collection of 6839 cultivated peanut lines stored at the Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences at Wuhan. For an efficient evaluation and characterization of the most useful agronomic and disease-resistant traits, an even smaller collection of peanut accessions that represent a spectrum of phenotypes could be more desirable. For this reason, a mini-mini core collection with 99 accessions from the core accessions was developed based on the analysis of 21 morphological traits. It was demonstrated that there were no significant differences between the core and mini-mini core collections in 20 out of the 21 morphological traits studied. Further, the mini-mini core collection captured the ranges of all of the 21 traits displayed in the core collection. The newly developed mini-mini core collection was assessed for resistance to bacterial wilt disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum. Two accessions showing a high level of resistance to bacterial wilt were identified, demonstrating the usefulness of the mini-mini core collection. The mini-mini-core collection provides a more efficient means of germplasm evaluation and will be resequenced as part of the International Peanut Genome Consortium sequencing project at the UC-Davis Genome Center. C1 [Jiang, Huifang; Ren, Xiaoping; Chen, Yuning; Huang, Li; Zhou, Xiaojing; Huang, Jiaquan; Liao, Boshou] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Key Lab Biol & Genet Improvement Oil Crops, Minist Agr, Oil Crops Res Inst, Wuhan 430062, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Froenicke, Lutz] Univ Calif Davis, Genome Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Yu, Jiujiang] ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Guo, Baozhu] ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, USDA, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Guo, BZ (reprint author), ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, USDA, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM baozhu.guo@ars.usda.gov; lboshou@hotmail.com FU National Basic Research Program of China [2011CB109300]; Chinese National Natural Science Foundation [30571132]; Crop Germplasm Program [NB05-070401-32] FX The authors express their appreciation to Dr Ina Woodruff, Dr John Woodruff and Robert Thomason for reviewing and editing of this manuscript. The authors are grateful to the research grants from the National Basic Research Program of China (2011CB109300), the Chinese National Natural Science Foundation (30571132) and the Crop Germplasm Program (NB05-070401-32). The authors would also like to express their appreciation to the International Peanut Community and PGC for the joint efforts in sequencing peanut whole genome (www.peanutbioscience.com). NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 22 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1479-2621 J9 PLANT GENET RESOUR-C JI Plant Genet. Resour.-Charact. Util. PD APR PY 2013 VL 11 IS 1 BP 77 EP 83 DI 10.1017/S1479262112000408 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 123ZV UT WOS:000317433100008 ER PT J AU Morris, JB Wang, ML AF Morris, J. B. Wang, M. L. TI Anthocyanin indexes, quercetin, kaempferol and myricetin concentration in leaves and fruit of Abutilon theophrasti Medik. genetic resources SO PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES-CHARACTERIZATION AND UTILIZATION LA English DT Article DE Abutilon theophrasti; anthocyanin index; HPLC; kaempferol; myricetin; quercetin AB Anthocyanin indexes, quercetin, kaempferol and myricetin may provide industry with potential new medicines or nutraceuticals. Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medik) leaves from 42 plant introductions (PI) were analyzed for anthocyanin indexes while both leaves and fruit were used for quercetin, kaempferol and myricetin concentration analysis by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography. Leaf anthocyanin indexes ranged from 6.15 to 11.25 among PI. Leaf quercetin and kaempferol concentrations ranged from 1.50 to 4.79 mg/g and 0.43 to 2.17 mg/g, respectively. Fruit quercetin, kaempferol and myricetin concentrations ranged from 0.061 to 0.266 mg/g, 0.054 to 0.734 mg/g, and 0 to 35.87 mu g/g, respectively. Significant differences in leaf weight were also observed. Significant correlations were found between several traits. This information regarding anthocyanin indexes, quercetin, kaempferol and myricetin concentrations will be useful for velvetleaf cultivar development. Breeders and other scientists could use this germplasm that contains high concentrations of anthocyanins, quercetin, kaempferol and myricetin to develop new medicines or nutraceuticals from an extremely useful weedy species. C1 [Morris, J. B.; Wang, M. L.] Univ Georgia, USDA, ARS, Plant Genet Resources Conservat Unit, Griffin, GA USA. RP Morris, JB (reprint author), Univ Georgia, USDA, ARS, Plant Genet Resources Conservat Unit, 1109 Expt St, Griffin, GA USA. EM brad.morris@ars.usda.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 8 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1479-2621 J9 PLANT GENET RESOUR-C JI Plant Genet. Resour.-Charact. Util. PD APR PY 2013 VL 11 IS 1 BP 87 EP 89 DI 10.1017/S147926211100075X PG 3 WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 123ZV UT WOS:000317433100010 ER PT J AU Vaidyanathan, R Feldlaufer, MF AF Vaidyanathan, Rajeev Feldlaufer, Mark F. TI Review Article: Bed Bug Detection: Current Technologies and Future Directions SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Review ID CIMEX-LECTULARIUS L; HEPATITIS-B VIRUS; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; SALIVARY NITROPHORIN; HEMIPTERA CIMICIDAE; ALARM PHEROMONE; COMMON BEDBUG; HETEROPTERA CIMICIDAE; BULLOUS ERUPTION; ELECTRONIC NOSE AB Technologies to detect bed bugs have not kept pace with their global resurgence. Early detection is critical to prevent infestations from spreading. Detection based exclusively on bites is inadequate, because reactions to insect bites are non-specific and often misdiagnosed. Visual inspections are commonly used and depend on identifying live bugs, exuviae, or fecal droplets. Visual inspections are inexpensive, but they are time-consuming and unreliable when only a few bugs are present. Use of a dog to detect bed bugs is gaining in popularity, but it can be expensive, may unintentionally advertise a bed bug problem, and is not foolproof. Passive monitors mimic natural harborages; they are discreet and typically use an adhesive to trap bugs. Active monitors generate carbon dioxide, heat, a pheromone, or a combination to attract bed bugs to a trap. New technologies using DNA analysis, mass spectrometry, and electronic noses are innovative but impractical and expensive for widespread use. C1 [Vaidyanathan, Rajeev] SRI Int, Ctr Infect Dis & Biodef Res, Harrisonburg, VA 22802 USA. [Feldlaufer, Mark F.] USDA ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Vaidyanathan, R (reprint author), SRI Int, Ctr Infect Dis & Biodef Res, Harrisonburg, VA 22802 USA. EM rajeev.vaidyanathan@sri.com; Mark.Feldlaufer@ars.usda.gov FU Endless Horizons, LLC. FX R.V. is supported by a commercial contract from Endless Horizons, LLC. NR 103 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 6 U2 102 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD APR PY 2013 VL 88 IS 4 BP 619 EP 625 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.12-0493 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 118KP UT WOS:000317024700004 PM 23553226 ER PT J AU Xu, F Yu, JM Tesso, T Dowell, F Wang, DH AF Xu, Feng Yu, Jianming Tesso, Tesfaye Dowell, Floyd Wang, Donghai TI Qualitative and quantitative analysis of lignocellulosic biomass using infrared techniques: A mini-review SO APPLIED ENERGY LA English DT Review DE Infrared spectroscopy; Biomass; Cellulose; Lignin; Chemometric analysis ID PLANT-CELL-WALLS; REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY NIRS; LEAST-SQUARES REGRESSION; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; FT-IR; COMPOSITIONAL ANALYSIS; CORN STOVER; ENZYMATIC-HYDROLYSIS; MULTIVARIATE-ANALYSIS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES AB Current wet chemical methods for biomass composition analysis using two-step sulfuric acid hydrolysis are time-consuming, labor-intensive, and unable to provide structural information about biomass. Infrared techniques provide fast, low-cost analysis, are non-destructive, and have shown promising results. Chemometric analysis has allowed researchers to perform qualitative and quantitative study of biomass with both near-infrared and mid-infrared spectroscopy. This review summarizes the progress and applications of infrared techniques in biomass study, and compares the infrared and the wet chemical methods for composition analysis. In addition to reviewing recent studies of biomass structure and composition, we also discuss the progress and prospects for the applications of infrared techniques. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Xu, Feng; Wang, Donghai] Kansas State Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Yu, Jianming; Tesso, Tesfaye] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Dowell, Floyd] USDA ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Wang, DH (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM dwang@ksu.edu RI Xu, Feng/H-9764-2013; OI Yu, Jianming/0000-0001-5326-3099 FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant from the US Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-03587] FX This work was supported by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant 2011-03587 from the US Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture. This is contribution number 13-016-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 108 TC 85 Z9 87 U1 7 U2 123 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0306-2619 J9 APPL ENERG JI Appl. Energy PD APR PY 2013 VL 104 BP 801 EP 809 DI 10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.12.019 PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 106NW UT WOS:000316152700078 ER PT J AU Abaev, I Foster-Frey, J Korobova, O Shishkova, N Kiseleva, N Kopylov, P Pryamchuk, S Schmelcher, M Becker, SC Donovan, DM AF Abaev, Igor Foster-Frey, Juli Korobova, Olga Shishkova, Nina Kiseleva, Natalia Kopylov, Pavel Pryamchuk, Sergey Schmelcher, Mathias Becker, Stephen C. Donovan, David M. TI Staphylococcal Phage 2638A endolysin is lytic for Staphylococcus aureus and harbors an inter-lytic-domain secondary translational start site SO APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bacteriophage; Endolysin; M23 peptidase domain; SH3b cell wall-binding domain; Staphylococcus aureus ID SHINE-DALGARNO SEQUENCE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; LYSIS; ENZYMES; STREPTOCOCCI; BACTERIAL; AMIDASE; FAMILY; CELLS AB Staphylococcus aureus is a notorious pathogen highly successful at developing resistance to virtually all antibiotics to which it is exposed. Staphylococcal phage 2638A endolysin is a peptidoglycan hydrolase that is lytic for S. aureus when exposed externally, making it a new candidate antimicrobial. It shares a common protein organization with more than 40 other reported staphylococcal peptidoglycan hydrolases. There is an N-terminal M23 peptidase domain, a mid-protein amidase 2 domain (N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase), and a C-terminal SH3b cell wall-binding domain. It is the first phage endolysin reported with a secondary translational start site in the inter-lytic-domain region between the peptidase and amidase domains. Deletion analysis indicates that the amidase domain confers most of the lytic activity and requires the full SH3b domain for maximal activity. Although it is common for one domain to demonstrate a dominant activity over the other, the 2638A endolysin is the first in this class of proteins to have a high-activity amidase domain (dominant over the N-terminal peptidase domain). The high activity amidase domain is an important finding in the quest for high-activity staphylolytic domains targeting novel peptidoglycan bonds. C1 [Abaev, Igor; Korobova, Olga; Shishkova, Nina; Kiseleva, Natalia; Kopylov, Pavel; Pryamchuk, Sergey] State Res Ctr Appl Microbiol & Biotechnol SRCAMB, Obolensk 142279, Moscow Region, Russia. [Foster-Frey, Juli; Schmelcher, Mathias; Becker, Stephen C.; Donovan, David M.] ARS, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, ANRI, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Donovan, DM (reprint author), ARS, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, ANRI, USDA, Bldg 230,Room 104,BARC East,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM david.donovan@ars.usda.gov OI Abaev, Igor/0000-0003-2724-557X FU National Institutes of Health [1RO1AI075077-01A1]; National Research Initiative [2007-35204-18395]; US State Dept funds; US-Russian collaboration FX Thanks to Sylvain Moineau and Genevieve Rousseau for the strain S. aureus 2854. This work was supported in part by National Institutes of Health, grant 1RO1AI075077-01A1 (DMD); National Research Initiative grant 2007-35204-18395 (DMD) and US State Dept funds supporting a US-Pakistani (DMD) and US-Russian collaboration (IA, DMD). Mentioning of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the United States Department of Agriculture. The U. S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 23 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0175-7598 J9 APPL MICROBIOL BIOT JI Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 97 IS 8 BP 3449 EP 3456 DI 10.1007/s00253-012-4252-4 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 119YT UT WOS:000317136700019 PM 22777279 ER PT J AU Root, JJ AF Root, J. Jeffrey TI West Nile virus associations in wild mammals: a synthesis SO ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Review ID SQUIRRELS SCIURUS-NIGER; LOUIS-ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; DEER ODOCOILEUS-VIRGINIANUS; EASTERN UNITED-STATES; EXPERIMENTAL-INFECTION; SEROLOGIC EVIDENCE; YELLOW-FEVER; NEW-JERSEY; NEW-YORK; ARBOVIRUS INFECTIONS AB Exposures to West Nile virus (WNV) have been documented in a variety of wild mammals in both the New and Old Worlds. This review tabulates at least 100 mammal species with evidence of WNV exposure. Many of these exposures were detected in free-ranging mammals, while several were noted in captive individuals. In addition to exposures, this review discusses experimental infections in terms of the potential for reservoir competence of select wild mammal species. Overall, few experimental infections have been conducted on wild mammals. As such, the role of most wild mammals as potential amplifying hosts for WNV is, to date, uncertain. In most instances, experimental infections of wild mammals with WNV have resulted in no or low-level viremia. Some recent studies have indicated that certain species of tree squirrels (Sciurus spp.), eastern chipmunks (Tamias striatus), and eastern cottontail rabbits (Sylvilagus floridanus) develop viremia sufficient for infecting some mosquito species. Certain mammalian species, such as tree squirrels, mesopredators, and deer have been suggested as useful species for WNV surveillance. In this review article, the information pertaining to wild mammal associations with WNV is synthesized. C1 USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Root, JJ (reprint author), USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 La Porte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM jeff.root@aphis.usda.gov NR 112 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 5 U2 31 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0304-8608 J9 ARCH VIROL JI Arch. Virol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 158 IS 4 BP 735 EP 752 DI 10.1007/s00705-012-1516-3 PG 18 WC Virology SC Virology GA 122GB UT WOS:000317305200002 ER PT J AU Hatfield, JL Smith, DD AF Hatfield, Jerry L. Smith, Darrell D. TI Food and agricultural waste: sources of carbon for ethanol production SO CARBON MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID CORN STOVER; FERMENTATION; FEEDSTOCK; RESIDUES; BIOFUELS; SWEET; FUEL AB Jerry L Hatfield*(1) & Darrell D Smith(2) In the past, wastes derived from agriculture products have had only limited use in the production of biofuels. Our objective in this article is to showcase a new and meaningful concept (called 'avoidance') to measure the environmental importance of converting these waste streams into energy. Agriculturally derived wastes, specifically food waste and other byproducts, are potential sources for meeting the federal RFS, which calls for increasing the production of advanced and cellulosic biofuels. In addition, the resultant stillage can be converted into other useful byproducts, such as animal feed or synthetic biogas. We provide an 'energy avoidance' framework, showing the positive environmental impacts that occur when these waste sources are properly measured, and used to produce advanced and cellulosic biofuels, animal feed and biogas. C1 [Hatfield, Jerry L.] ARS, USDA, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Smith, Darrell D.] Permeate Refining LLC, Clear Lake, IA 50428 USA. RP Hatfield, JL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, 2110 Univ Blvd, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM jerry.hatfield@ars.usda.gov RI sebastianovitsch, stepan/G-8507-2013 NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 39 PU FUTURE SCI LTD PI LONDON PA UNITED HOUSE, 2 ALBERT PL, LONDON, N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1758-3004 J9 CARBON MANAG JI Carbon Manag. PD APR PY 2013 VL 4 IS 2 BP 203 EP 213 DI 10.4155/CMT.13.13 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 114XT UT WOS:000316777000016 ER PT J AU Chen, XM Coram, T Huang, XL Wang, MN Dolezal, A AF Chen, Xianming Coram, Tristan Huang, Xueling Wang, Meinan Dolezal, Andrea TI Understanding Molecular Mechanisms of Durable and Non-durable Resistance to Stripe Rust in Wheat Using a Transcriptomics Approach SO CURRENT GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Durable resistance; Genechips; Gene expression; Microarray; Puccinia striiformis; Yellow rust ID F-SP TRITICI; ADULT-PLANT RESISTANCE; PUCCINIA-STRIIFORMIS; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; COPY NUMBER; GENE; EXPRESSION; POLYMORPHISM; BARLEY AB Stripe rust of wheat, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, continues to cause severe damage worldwide. Durable resistance is necessary for sustainable control of the disease. High-temperature adult-plant (HTAP) resistance, which expresses when the weather becomes warm and plants grow older, has been demonstrated to be durable. We conducted numerous studies to understand the molecular mechanisms of different types of stripe rust resistance using a transcriptomics approach. Through comparing gene expression patterns with race-specific, all-stage resistance controlled by various genes, we found that a greater diversity of genes is involved in HTAP resistance than in all-stage resistance. The genes involved in HTAP resistance are induced more slowly and their expression induction is less dramatic than genes involved in all-stage resistance. The high diversity of genes and less dramatic induction may explain durability and the incomplete expression level of HTAP resistance. Identification of transcripts may be helpful in identifying resistance controlled by different genes and in selecting better combinations of genes to combine for achieving adequate and durable resistance. C1 [Chen, Xianming; Coram, Tristan; Dolezal, Andrea] ARS, USDA, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chen, Xianming; Huang, Xueling; Wang, Meinan; Dolezal, Andrea] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Coram, Tristan] Dow AgroSci LLC, Indianapolis, IN 46268 USA. [Huang, Xueling] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. RP Chen, XM (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, 361 Johnson Hall, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM xianming@wsu.edu RI WANG, Meinan/P-5671-2014 OI WANG, Meinan/0000-0001-9595-3995 FU US Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service (ARS) [5348-22000-014-00D]; USDA-ARS Post doctoral Program; Washington Grain Commission [13C-3061-3925] FX This research was supported in part by the US Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service (ARS) (project no. 5348-22000-014-00D), USDA-ARS Post doctoral Program and Washington Grain Commission (project no. 13C-3061-3925). The authors acknowledge the assistance of Matthew Settles (Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho) in data analysis. NR 23 TC 10 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 26 PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD PI SHARJAH PA EXECUTIVE STE Y-2, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB EMIRATES SN 1389-2029 J9 CURR GENOMICS JI Curr. Genomics PD APR PY 2013 VL 14 IS 2 BP 111 EP 126 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 119NI UT WOS:000317103900005 PM 24082821 ER PT J AU Li, C Wang, RJ Su, BF Luo, YP Terhune, J Beck, B Peatman, E AF Li, Chao Wang, Ruijia Su, Baofeng Luo, Yupeng Terhune, Jeffery Beck, Benjamin Peatman, Eric TI Evasion of mucosal defenses during Aeromonas hydrophila infection of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) skin SO DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aeromonas hydrophila; Catfish; Mucosal; Skin; Infection ID PATHOGEN RECOGNITION RECEPTORS; ZEBRAFISH DANIO-RERIO; EDWARDSIELLA-ICTALURI; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; CYTOTOXIC ENTEROTOXIN; BACTERIAL-INFECTION; EXPRESSION ANALYSIS; GALECTIN-3 BINDS; TIGHT JUNCTIONS; INNATE IMMUNITY AB The mucosal surfaces of fish serve as the first line of defense against the myriad of aquatic pathogens present in the aquatic environment. The immune repertoire functioning at these interfaces is still poorly understood. The skin, in particular, must process signals from several fronts, sensing and integrating environmental, nutritional, social, and health cues. Pathogen invasion can disrupt this delicate homeostasis with profound impacts on signaling throughout the organism. Here, we investigated the transcriptional effects of virulent Aeromonas hydrophila infection in channel catfish skin, Ictalurus punctatus. We utilized a new 8 x 60 K Agilent microarray for catfish to examine gene expression profiles at critical early timepoints following challenge-2 h, 8 h, and 12 h. Expression of a total of 2,168 unique genes was significantly perturbed during at least one timepoint. We observed dysregulation of genes involved in antioxidant, cytoskeletal, immune, junctional, and nervous system pathways. In particular, A. hydrophila infection rapidly altered a number of potentially critical lectins, chemokines, interleukins, and other mucosal factors in a manner predicted to enhance its ability to adhere to and invade the catfish host. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Li, Chao; Wang, Ruijia; Su, Baofeng; Luo, Yupeng; Terhune, Jeffery; Peatman, Eric] Auburn Univ, Dept Fisheries & Allied Aquacultures, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Li, Chao] Guangxi Univ, Inst Anim Sci & Technol, Nanning 530005, Peoples R China. [Beck, Benjamin] ARS, USDA, Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR USA. RP Peatman, E (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Fisheries & Allied Aquacultures, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM peatmer@auburn.edu FU Alabama Agriculture Experiment Station [ALA016-1-09035]; China Scholarship Council (CSC) FX This project was supported by an Alabama Agriculture Experiment Station Hatch award to E. Peatman under Project ALA016-1-09035. C. Li was supported by a scholarship from the China Scholarship Council (CSC). NR 80 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0145-305X J9 DEV COMP IMMUNOL JI Dev. Comp. Immunol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 39 IS 4 BP 447 EP 455 DI 10.1016/j.dci.2012.11.009 PG 9 WC Immunology; Zoology SC Immunology; Zoology GA 121MM UT WOS:000317248900015 PM 23219904 ER PT J AU Shields, FD Knight, SS AF Shields, F. D., Jr. Knight, S. S. TI Floodplain restoration with flood control: Fish habitat value of levee borrow pits SO ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Levee; Floodplain; Fish; Borrow pit; Restoration; Stream corridor; Flood ID MISSISSIPPI ALLUVIAL VALLEY; LOWER RIVER RHINE; WARMWATER STREAMS; LOWLAND RIVER; WATER BODIES; OXBOW LAKES; CONNECTIVITY; ASSEMBLAGES; COMMUNITIES; REGIME AB Earthen flood control levees are often built using soil excavated from borrow pits lying parallel to and riverward of the finished levee. After construction, these pits can provide valuable floodplain habitats, and their value along corridors of larger rivers is well established. However, levee borrow pits along smaller streams have not been studied. Six waterside levee borrow pits were studied for about three years along Abiaca Creek, which drains a 202 km(2) watershed in central Mississippi. Fish were sampled annually from six pits using boat-mounted electrofishing, and water quality samples were collected weekly from four pits. Continuous records of stream and borrow pit water levels were coupled with topographic and bathymetric survey data of the floodway to compute the frequency of connection between each pit and temporal distributions of aquatic habitat characteristics. Pit water surface areas ranged from 0.4 to 11.7 ha, and mean depth ranged from 0.5 to 1.8 m. Pits were hydraulically connected to the stream 1-34% of the time. Dissolved oxygen concentrations ranged from 0.30 to 13.7 mg/L and were inversely related to water depth. Fish collections yielded 1768 individuals representing 26 species. Larger-bodied fishes and some piscivores were more common in larger, more elongated pits with more sinuous shorelines and lower turbidity. Setback levees with waterside borrow pits are a viable stream corridor restoration concept for smaller streams as well as major rivers. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Knight, S. S.] ARS, USDA, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS USA. RP Shields, FD (reprint author), Shields Engn LLC, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. EM doug2shields@gmail.com NR 75 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 39 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-8574 EI 1872-6992 J9 ECOL ENG JI Ecol. Eng. PD APR PY 2013 VL 53 BP 217 EP 227 DI 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2012.12.046 PG 11 WC Ecology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Engineering GA 120GL UT WOS:000317158700028 ER PT J AU Butz, RJ AF Butz, Ramona J. TI Changing land management: A case study of charcoal production among a group of pastoral women in northern Tanzania SO ENERGY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE Semi-arid savannas; Land use change; Women; Deforestation; Maasai; Africa ID SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; EAST-AFRICA; DEGRADATION; LIVELIHOODS; LIVESTOCK; CRISIS; POLICY; DESERTIFICATION; STRATEGIES; RANGELANDS AB Challenging economic and environmental conditions, coupled with increasing population, have led to changes in the priorities and activities of rural Africans. In Tanzania's savanna woodlands a growing dependency on non-farm extractive activities such as firewood supply and charcoal production is placing increasing pressure on local resources. Although the actual impact that fuelwood consumption has on tree cover is neither well documented nor completely understood, deforestation due to extractive practices for commercial charcoal sales has the potential to have a particularly profound impact on semi-arid savanna systems in Tanzania where forest and bush regeneration are especially slow. This study investigates land use conflicts and recent changes that have led to major shifts in resource management and use associated with the extraction of fuelwood for charcoal production in the Maasai village of Engikareti in northern Tanzania where charcoal serves as a cash crop for a growing number of women. 10 2005, more than 200 women ( four to six percent of the village population) removed an estimated 4000 trees to provide subsistence income for their families. Population growth, drought, social and economic marginalization, and a lack of other marketable resources are factors leading to rapidly increasing rates of extraction. While demand for fuelwood for charcoal production is unlikely to deplete forest cover on a large scale over the short term, imbalances between the patterns of demand and availability foreshadow potential localized scarcities and the degradation of savanna vegetation. International Energy Initiative. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Butz, Ramona J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Eureka, CA 95501 USA. [Butz, Ramona J.] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Forestry & Wildland Resources, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. RP Butz, RJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, 6 Rivers Natl Forest,1330 Bayshore Way, Eureka, CA 95501 USA. EM rbutz@fs.fed.us OI Butz, Ramona/0000-0001-8595-0459 FU Maasai of Engikareti; NSF Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant [DEB-0508678]; Garden Club of America Fellowship; Davis Botanical Society; University of California Davis Consortium for Women and Research grant FX I am deeply indebted to the Maasai of Engikareti for supporting and participating in this research. Thanks to Kayongo and Ngongoi Loongiporo, Jeremiah Moleli, Noosikito Mamela, Noonguta Mbayan, and Nangoya Olekiano for assistance with data collection, Mr. Emanueli Mboya and the NHT, the Tanzanian Commission for Science and Technology (COSTECH), my Tanzanian advisor Dr. Agnes Nyomora, and the Magori family. I also gratefully acknowledge the valuable comments made by Dr. Daniel Potter, Dr. Kevin Rice, Dr. Malcolm North, and the editors. Funding was provided by a NSF Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant (DEB-0508678), a Garden Club of America Fellowship, a Davis Botanical Society research grant, and a University of California Davis Consortium for Women and Research grant. This research is a collaborative effort with the Maasai of Engikareti, however, I am solely responsible for any errors. NR 65 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 43 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0973-0826 J9 ENERGY SUSTAIN DEV JI Energy Sustain Dev. PD APR PY 2013 VL 17 IS 2 SI SI BP 138 EP 145 DI 10.1016/j.esd.2012.11.001 PG 8 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels GA 119IQ UT WOS:000317091400008 ER PT J AU Liu, JF Liu, YH Chen, CM Chang, WH Chen, CYO AF Liu, Jen-Fang Liu, Yen-Hua Chen, Chiao-Ming Chang, Wen-Hsin Chen, C-Y. Oliver TI The effect of almonds on inflammation and oxidative stress in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized crossover controlled feeding trial SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE Almonds; Antioxidants; Inflammation; Oxidative stress; Type 2 diabetes mellitus ID C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; METABOLIC SYNDROME; POSTPRANDIAL GLYCEMIA; PLASMA; NUTS; DIET AB Almond consumption is associated with ameliorations in obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and hyperglycemia. The hypothesis of this 12-week randomized, crossover, controlled feeding trial was that almond consumption would ameliorate inflammation and oxidative stress in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (9 M, 11 F; 58 years; BMI: 26 kg/m(2)) with mild hyperlipidemia. After a 2-week run-in period, the patients were assigned to either a control NCEP step II diet (control diet) or almond diet for 4 weeks with a 2-week washout period between alternative diets. Almonds approximately at 56 g/day were added to the control diet to replace 20 % of total daily calorie intake. As compared to the control diet, the almond diet decreased IL-6 by a median 10.3 % (95 % confidence intervals 5.2, 12.6 %), CRP by a median 10.3 % (-24.1, 40.5), and TNF-alpha by a median 15.7 % (-0.3, 29.9). The almond diet also decreased plasma protein carbonyl by a median 28.2 % (4.7, 38.2) as compared to the C diet but did not alter plasma malondialdehyde. The A diet enhanced the resistance of LDL against Cu2+-induced oxidation by a median 16.3 % (7.4, 44.3) as compared to the C diet. Serum intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular adhesion molecule-1 were not changed by both diets. Our results suggested that incorporation of almonds into a healthy diet could ameliorate inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with T2DM. C1 [Liu, Jen-Fang; Liu, Yen-Hua; Chang, Wen-Hsin] Taipei Med Univ, Sch Nutr & Hlth Sci, Taipei, Taiwan. [Chen, Chiao-Ming] Shih Chien Univ, Dept Food Sci Nutr & Nutraceut Biotechnol, Taipei, Taiwan. [Chen, C-Y. Oliver] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Antioxidants Res Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Chen, CYO (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Antioxidants Res Lab, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM oliver.chen@tufts.edu FU Almond Board of California; LEARN weight management foundation in Taiwan FX We would like to express our gratitude to the Almond Board of California and LEARN weight management foundation in Taiwan for providing financial supports for the study and the volunteers for participating in the clinical trial. NR 50 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 26 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1436-6207 J9 EUR J NUTR JI Eur. J. Nutr. PD APR PY 2013 VL 52 IS 3 BP 927 EP 935 DI 10.1007/s00394-012-0400-y PG 9 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 119DY UT WOS:000317078900008 PM 22722891 ER PT J AU Chamberlain, JL Ness, G Small, CJ Bonner, SJ Hiebert, EB AF Chamberlain, James L. Ness, Gabrielle Small, Christine J. Bonner, Simon J. Hiebert, Elizabeth B. TI Modeling below-ground biomass to improve sustainable management of Actaea racemosa, a globally important medicinal forest product SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Appalachian hardwood forests; Black cohosh; Forest inventory; Medicinal plants; Non-timber forest products; Wild-harvest ID AMERICAN GINSENG; PLANT; ROOT; RECOVERY; TIMBER; SHOOT; POPULATIONS; ALLOCATION; DYNAMICS; HARVEST AB Non-timber forest products, particularly herbaceous understory plants, support a multi-billion dollar industry and are extracted from forests worldwide for their therapeutic value. Tens of thousands of kilograms of rhizomes and roots of Actaea racemosa L., a native Appalachian forest perennial, are harvested every year and used for the treatment of menopausal conditions. Sustainable management of this and other wild-harvested non-timber forest products requires the ability to effectively and reliably inventory marketable plant components. However, few methods exist to estimate below-ground biomass (rhizomes and roots) based on above-ground metrics. To estimate the relationship of above-ground vegetation components to below-ground biomass, data from a long-term sustainable harvest study of A. racemosa was used to develop a predictive model for rhizome mass. Over 1000 plants were extracted from two sites in the Central Appalachian Mountains of Virginia. Measurements of plant height and canopy dimensions were matched with corresponding green weights of rhizomes and roots. A multi-staged process was used to fit a mixed effects model. A random effects structure was selected using Akaike's Information Criterion, while the fixed effects structure was simplified through backward selection using likelihood ratio tests. Over 500 plants were harvested from three neighboring sites to evaluate the effectiveness of the model in predicting below-ground biomass based on above-ground metrics. The relationships between above and below-ground biomass of plants from the sustainability study sites and the validation study sites were similar, indicating effectiveness of the model. Predicted values for the validation data were, on average, slightly larger than the observed values, indicating a small bias. The 95% prediction intervals computed from the model, however, covered the true values more than 95% of the time. This study demonstrates that estimating marketable rhizome biomass of native medicinal plants is feasible at a stand level. The model will serve as a valuable tool for inventorying forest products, allowing estimation of below-ground biomass based on above-ground metrics. Use of this tool will aid in developing effective inventory and management strategies for wild-harvested medicinal plants. Adaptation of this model to other species will encourage efforts toward sustainable use of non-timber forest products worldwide. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Chamberlain, James L.] USDA Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. [Ness, Gabrielle; Bonner, Simon J.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Stat, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. [Small, Christine J.] Radford Univ, Dept Biol, Radford, VA 24142 USA. [Hiebert, Elizabeth B.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Coll Nat Resources & Environm, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. RP Chamberlain, JL (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, 1710 Res Ctr Dr, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. EM jachambe@vt.edu; gabrielle.ness@uky.edu; cjsmall@radford.edu; simon.bonner@uky.edu; ehiebert@vt.edu FU KY-NSF-EPSCOR Grant (NSF) [0814194] FX We are extremely grateful for all the volunteer citizen scientists and undergraduate research students who helped with the field work on this effort. Simon Bonner's work on this project was partially supported by the KY-NSF-EPSCOR Grant (NSF Grant No. 0814194). Also, a special thanks to the reviewers whose comments and suggestions helped to improve the manuscript. NR 44 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 293 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2012.12.042 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 115UH UT WOS:000316836900001 ER PT J AU Truex, RL Zielinski, WJ AF Truex, Richard L. Zielinski, William J. TI Short-term effects of fuel treatments on fisher habitat in the Sierra Nevada, California SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Fisher; Martes pennanti; Fuel treatment; Fire; Habitat; Sierra Nevada ID MIXED-CONIFER FOREST; MARTES-PENNANTI; FIRE; REDUCTION; USA; MANAGEMENT; BEHAVIOR; GROWTH; MODELS; RISKS AB The characteristics of western forests have changed as a result of fire suppression and fuel reduction treatments have become a public land management priority. The effects of these treatments on wildlife habitat, however, have received limited attention. The fisher (Martes pennanti) is a species of concern in California and is vulnerable to fuels treatments due to its association with dense forests and use of large and old trees as resting sites. We evaluated the effect of fuels treatments by estimating predicted resting and foraging habitat at two sites in the Sierra Nevada that are part of the national Fire and Fire Surrogate Study. One site included three treatments (mechanical harvest, prescribed fire, and mechanical harvest plus prescribed fire) and the other included early and late-season prescribed fire; both sites included control treatments. We sampled vegetation before and after treatment application to estimate variables that were included in resource selection probability functions. Predicted resting habitat was significantly lower for mechanical plus fire treatments, but the control did not differ from the fire only or the mechanical only treatment. Late, but not early, season burns had significant impact on predicted resting habitat. Reductions in canopy cover affected predicted resting habitat directly. Fisher foraging habitat, unlike resting habitat was unaffected by treatments at either site. Within a stand, a number of management actions can mitigate the potentially negative short-term effects of fuels treatments on fisher habitat. Evaluating the effects of fuels management at the resting site, home range and landscape scales will be necessary to administer a treatment program that can address fuel accumulation while also restoring and maintaining fisher habitat. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Truex, Richard L.] USDA Forest Serv, Porterville, CA 93257 USA. [Zielinski, William J.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. RP Zielinski, WJ (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, 1700 Bayview Dr, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. EM bzielinski@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station; Joint Fire Science Program FX We thank R. Schlexer for his invaluable assistance collecting field data, assistance with presentations, and general support of the research. We also thank FFS collaborators and staff at SEKI and BFRS for their support of our research: J. Moghaddas, S. Stephens, E. Knapp, J. Keeley, H. Warner, and S. Rambeau. R. Powell, and M. Chamberlain provided helpful comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript. Lastly, we thank the USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station and the Joint Fire Science Program for providing funding needed to complete this research. NR 35 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 8 U2 46 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 293 BP 85 EP 91 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2012.12.035 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 115UH UT WOS:000316836900010 ER PT J AU Huai, WX Tian, G Hansen, EM Zhao, WX Goheen, EM Grunwald, NJ Cheng, C AF Huai, W-x Tian, G. Hansen, E. M. Zhao, W-x Goheen, E. M. Gruenwald, N. J. Cheng, C. TI Identification of Phytophthora species baited and isolated from forest soil and streams in northwestern Yunnan province, China SO FOREST PATHOLOGY LA English DT Review ID SUDDEN OAK DEATH; DECLINING OAK; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; NORTH-AMERICA; SP NOV.; RAMORUM; ECOSYSTEMS; PATHOGEN; MULTIPLE AB Phytophthora species were surveyed by collecting soil samples and placing bait leaves in selected streams during JuneOctober in the years 2005, 2006 and 2010 at three sites in oak forests in Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of NW Yunnan province, China. Seventy-three isolates of Phytophthora spp. were recovered from 135 baited leaf samples and 81 soil samples. Eight Phytophthora species were identified by observation of morphological features and ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 rDNA sequence analysis. The eight taxa included two well-known species P.gonapodyides and P.cryptogea, two recently described species P.gregata and P.plurivora, two named but as yet undescribed taxa, P.taxon PgChlamydo and P.taxon Salixsoil, and two previously unrecognized species, Phytophthora sp.1 and P. sp.2. The most numerous species, P.taxon PgChlamydo, and the second most abundant species, P.taxon Salixsoil, were recovered at all three sites. Phytophthora cryptogea was detected only once at site Nixi. Phytophthora gregata and P. sp.2 were isolated from a stream only at site Bitahai, while the other three species were each found at two sites. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the isolates belonged to three ITS clades, one species including six isolates in clade 2, six species including 66 isolates in clade 6 and one species in clade 8. There was a relatively rich species and genetic diversity of Phytophthora detected in the investigated regions where the forest biotic and abiotic factors affecting the growth and evolution of Phytophthora populations were diverse. C1 [Huai, W-x; Tian, G.; Zhao, W-x; Cheng, C.] Chinese Acad Forestry, Res Inst Forest Ecol Environm & Protect, Key Lab State Forestry Adm Forest Protect, Beijing 100091, Peoples R China. [Hansen, E. M.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Goheen, E. M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Central Point, OR USA. [Gruenwald, N. J.] ARS, USDA, Corvallis, OR USA. RP Zhao, WX (reprint author), Chinese Acad Forestry, Res Inst Forest Ecol Environm & Protect, Key Lab State Forestry Adm Forest Protect, Beijing 100091, Peoples R China. EM zhaowenxia@caf.ac.cn RI Grunwald, Niklaus/K-6041-2013 OI Grunwald, Niklaus/0000-0003-1656-7602 FU State Forestry Administration [2009-4-35] FX We thank all cooperators from Forest Pest Control and Quarantine Station of Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture for their help with baiting and sampling. We are grateful to Paul Reeser, Wendy Sutton (Oregon State University, USA) and Thomas L. Kubisiak (USDA Forest Service) for their invaluable technical assistance. Special thank to Ms. Chunli Jiang, Ms. Lina Shao and Dr. Yanxia Yao for assistance with field work and laboratory routines. This research was supported by the State Forestry Administration '948' Project (No. 2009-4-35). NR 58 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 44 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1437-4781 J9 FOREST PATHOL JI Forest Pathol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 43 IS 2 BP 87 EP 103 DI 10.1111/efp.12015 PG 17 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 122FB UT WOS:000317302300001 ER PT J AU Brazee, NJ Lindner, DL AF Brazee, N. J. Lindner, D. L. TI Unravelling the Phellinus pini s.l. complex in North America: a multilocus phylogeny and differentiation analysis of Porodaedalea SO FOREST PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SEQUENCE DATA; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; DNA POLYMORPHISM; HYMENOCHAETALES; NUCLEAR; USA; BASIDIOMYCOTA; POPULATIONS; SELECTION AB Phellinus sensu lato (s.l.) is a complex of segregate genera that act as aggressive pathogens of woody plants. Nearly all of the genera in this complex have unresolved taxonomies, including Porodaedalea, which is one of the most important trunk rot pathogens of coniferous trees throughout the northern hemisphere. In an attempt to elucidate the species within Porodaedalea, a multilocus phylogenetic analysis was performed with partial sequences from four loci (internal transcribed spacer, nuclear large subunit, tef1 and rpb2) using 41 isolates that originated from North America and Europe. For reference, we analysed the neotype isolates of Porodaedalea pini and P.chrysoloma. Our results confirmed that Porodaedalea pini s.s. and P.chrysoloma s.s. are unique phylogenetic species that do not occur in North America. We detected two discrete clades of Porodaedalea originating from the southwestern and southeastern United States. Isolates from these regions grouped with significant statistical support and represent undescribed taxa. With the exception of P.cancriformans, our analyses revealed monophyly among 28 isolates originating from the northern United States, Canada and Fennoscandia, a group we have labelled the Holarctic group'. Holarctic group isolates were collected from Larix, Picea, Pinus, Pseudotsuga and Tsuga and were presumed to represent at least four morphological species (P.gilbertsonii, P.laricis, P.pini s.l. and P.piceina). Tests of gene flow and genetic differentiation detected significant differences among Holarctic group isolates by region of origin, and three subgroups were designated: (i) Atlantic-Boreal; (ii) Interior; and (iii) Pacific. Neutrality tests using the Holarctic group demonstrated significant departures from the standard neutral model of evolution and could indicate that a diversifying selection has maintained rare phenotypes in the population, which has fostered taxonomic confusion in Porodaedalea. C1 [Brazee, N. J.] Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Agr, UMass Extens, Amherst, MA 01002 USA. [Lindner, D. L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Ctr Forest Mycol Res, Madison, WI USA. RP Brazee, NJ (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Agr, UMass Extens, 101 Univ Dr,Suite A7, Amherst, MA 01002 USA. EM nbrazee@umext.umass.edu NR 62 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 18 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1437-4781 J9 FOREST PATHOL JI Forest Pathol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 43 IS 2 BP 132 EP 143 DI 10.1111/efp.12008 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 122FB UT WOS:000317302300005 ER PT J AU Livingston, KA Jiang, XW Stephensen, CB AF Livingston, Kimberly A. Jiang, Xiaowen Stephensen, Charles B. TI CD4 T-helper cell cytokine phenotypes and antibody response following tetanus toxoid booster immunization SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Tetanus; T-cell proliferation; Intracellular cytokine staining ID FLOW-CYTOMETRY; BYSTANDER ACTIVATION; WHOLE-BLOOD; ANTIGEN; VACCINE; PROLIFERATION; MEMORY; ASSAY; STIMULATION AB Routine methods for enumerating antigen-specific T-helper cells may not identify low-frequency phenotypes such as Th2 cells. We compared methods of evaluating such responses to identify tetanus toxoid- (TT) specific Th1, Th2, Th17 and IL10(+) cells. Eight healthy subjects were given a TT booster vaccination. Blood was drawn before, 3, 7, 14, and 28 days after vaccination and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were cultured for 7 days with negative control (diluent), and a positive control (Staphylococcus enterotoxin B [SEB]). Activation markers (CD25 and CD69) were measured after 44 h (n = 8), cytokines in supernatant after 3 and 7 days, and intracellular cytokine staining (ICS) of proliferated cells (identified by dye dilution) after 7 days (n = 6). Vaccination increased TT-specific expression of CD25 and CD69 on CD3(+)CD4(+) lymphocytes, and TT-specific proliferation at 7, 14 and 28 days post vaccination. Vaccination induced TT-specific Th1 (IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, and IL-2) Th2 (IL-13, IL-5, and IL-4), Th17 (IL-17A) and IL-10(+) cells as measured by ICS. TT-specific Th1 cells were the most abundant (12-15% of all TT-specific CD4(+) T-cells) while IL10(+) (1.8%) Th17 (1.1%) and Th2 cells (0.2-0.6%) were less abundant. TT-specific cytokine concentrations in PBMC supernatants followed the same pattern where a TT-specific IL-9 response was also seen. In conclusion, TT booster vaccination induced a broad T-helper cell response. This method of evaluating cytokine phenotypes may be useful in examining the impact of nutrition and environmental conditions on the plasticity of T-helper cell memory responses. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Livingston, Kimberly A.; Jiang, Xiaowen; Stephensen, Charles B.] Univ Calif Davis, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Livingston, KA (reprint author), Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Dept Anim Sci, 1 Grand Ave, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407 USA. EM kiliving@calpoly.edu FU USDA intramural research funds (CRIS) [5306-51530-006-00D]; USDA Headquarters postdoctoral fellowship FX Supported by USDA intramural research funds (CRIS project no. 5306-51530-006-00D to C.B.S.) and a USDA Headquarters postdoctoral fellowship (K.L.). NR 37 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1759 J9 J IMMUNOL METHODS JI J. Immunol. Methods PD APR PY 2013 VL 390 IS 1-2 BP 18 EP 29 DI 10.1016/j.jim.2013.01.001 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology GA 123IB UT WOS:000317380500003 PM 23318779 ER PT J AU Guenther, PM Ding, EL Rimm, EB AF Guenther, Patricia M. Ding, Eric L. Rimm, Eric B. TI Alcoholic Beverage Consumption by Adults Compared to Dietary Guidelines: Results of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2009-2010 SO JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS LA English DT Article DE Alcohol; Dietary Guidelines; National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey ID ENERGY AB The 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) state that if alcohol is consumed, it should be consumed in moderation, which is defined as up to two drinks in a single day for men and one drink for women. The purpose of this analysis was to estimate the percentages of adults who, on a given day, drank more than these limits and the percentages who drank too heavily; that is, more than four drinks for men and more than three for women. Dietary intake data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2009-2010, were analyzed. Using a computer-assisted protocol, 24-hour dietary recalls were collected from 2,740 men and 2,941 women, age 21 years and older. Results were weighted to be nationally representative. Estimated mean daily intake was 1.2 drinks for men and 0.4 for women (1 drink=14 g of ethanol). On a given day, 36% of men and 21% of women consumed alcohol. Whereas 82% of men and 89% of women did not exceed the DGA's limits, 8% of men had more than four drinks, and 3% of women had more than three, amounts defined as heavy. The percentages who drank more than the DGA's limits varied by age group and were highest among men age 31 to 50 years and women age 51 to 70 years. Excessive drinking is an important health problem and is not limited to college-age individuals. Registered dietitians and other health professionals should be aware of excessive drinking by the adult US population. Consumer education resources are available. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2013;113:546-550. C1 [Guenther, Patricia M.] USDA, Ctr Nutr Policy & Promot, Alexandria, VA 22303 USA. [Ding, Eric L.; Rimm, Eric B.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Ding, Eric L.; Rimm, Eric B.] Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Dept Med,Channing Lab, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Rimm, Eric B.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Guenther, PM (reprint author), USDA, Ctr Nutr Policy & Promot, 3101 Pk Ctr Dr,Suite 1034, Alexandria, VA 22303 USA. EM Patricia.Guenther@cnpp.usda.gov OI Ding, Eric/0000-0002-5881-8097 NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 2212-2672 J9 J ACAD NUTR DIET JI J. Acad. Nutr. Diet. PD APR PY 2013 VL 113 IS 4 BP 546 EP 550 DI 10.1016/j.jand.2012.12.015 PG 5 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 121PS UT WOS:000317257300009 PM 23415501 ER PT J AU Guenther, PM Casavale, KO Reedy, J Kirkpatrick, SI Hiza, HAB Kuczynski, KJ Kahle, LL Krebs-Smith, SM AF Guenther, Patricia M. Casavale, Kellie O. Reedy, Jill Kirkpatrick, Sharon I. Hiza, Hazel A. B. Kuczynski, Kevin J. Kahle, Lisa L. Krebs-Smith, Susan M. TI Update of the Healthy Eating Index: HEI-2010 SO JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS LA English DT Article DE Healthy Eating Index; Diet quality; Diet assessment tool ID NUTRIENT-RICH FOODS; ONE 24-HOUR RECALL; DIET-QUALITY; COLORECTAL-CANCER; BLOOD-PRESSURE; OLDER-ADULTS; UNITED-STATES; WEIGHT STATUS; DASH-SODIUM; RISK AB The Healthy Eating Index (HEI) is a measure of diet quality in terms of conformance with federal dietary guidance. Publication of the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans prompted an interagency working group to update the HEI. The HEI-2010 retains several features of the 2005 version: (a) it has 12 components, many unchanged, including nine adequacy and three moderation components; (b) it uses a density approach to set standards, eg, per 1,000 calories or as a percentage of calories; and (c) it employs least-restrictive standards; ie, those that are easiest to achieve among recommendations that vary by energy level, sex, and/or age. Changes to the index include: (a) the Greens and Beans component replaces Dark Green and Orange Vegetables and Legumes; (b) Seafood and Plant Proteins has been added to capture specific choices from the protein group; (c) Fatty Acids, a ratio of polyunsaturated and monounsaturated to saturated fatty acid's, replaces Oils and Saturated Fat to acknowledge the recommendation to replace, saturated fat with monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids; and (d) a moderation component, Refined Grains, replaces the adequacy component, Total Grains, to assess overconsumption. The HEI-2010 captures the key recommendations of the 2010 Dietary Guidelines and, like earlier versions, will be used to assess the diet quality of the US population and subpopulations, evaluate interventions, research dietary patterns, and evaluate various aspects of the food environment. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2013;113:569-580. C1 [Guenther, Patricia M.; Casavale, Kellie O.; Hiza, Hazel A. B.; Kuczynski, Kevin J.] USDA, Ctr Nutr Policy & Promot, Alexandria, VA 22302 USA. [Casavale, Kellie O.] US Dept HHS, Off Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Rockville, MD USA. [Reedy, Jill; Kirkpatrick, Sharon I.; Krebs-Smith, Susan M.] NCI, Risk Factor Monitoring & Methods Branch, Appl Res Program, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Kahle, Lisa L.] Informat Management Serv Inc, Calverton, MD USA. RP Guenther, PM (reprint author), USDA, Ctr Nutr Policy & Promot, 3101 Pk Ctr Dr,Suite 1034, Alexandria, VA 22302 USA. EM Patricia.Guenther@cnpp.usda.gov OI Kirkpatrick, Sharon/0000-0001-9896-5975 FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z99 CA999999] NR 67 TC 235 Z9 235 U1 5 U2 67 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 2212-2672 J9 J ACAD NUTR DIET JI J. Acad. Nutr. Diet. PD APR PY 2013 VL 113 IS 4 BP 569 EP 580 DI 10.1016/j.jand.2012.12.016 PG 12 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 121PS UT WOS:000317257300013 PM 23415502 ER PT J AU Liu, C Lyass, A Wang, N Larson, M Massaro, J D'Agostino, R Benjamin, E Murabito, J AF Liu, C. Lyass, A. Wang, N. Larson, M. Massaro, J. D'Agostino, R. Benjamin, E. Murabito, J. TI Multiple pathways of inflammation are associated with frailty: the Framingham Offspring Study. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Scientific Meeting of the American-Geriatrics-Society CY MAY 03-05, 2013 CL Grapevine, TX SP Amer Geriatr Soc C1 [Liu, C.; Benjamin, E.; Murabito, J.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Liu, C.] Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Lyass, A.; Massaro, J.; D'Agostino, R.; Benjamin, E.; Murabito, J.] Framingham Heart Dis Epidemiol Study, Framingham, MA USA. [Lyass, A.; Larson, M.; D'Agostino, R.] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Wang, N.; Massaro, J.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD APR PY 2013 VL 61 SU 1 SI SI BP S66 EP S66 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 120QW UT WOS:000317187600188 ER PT J AU Joseph, JF Sharif, HO Arnold, JG Bosch, DD AF Joseph, John F. Sharif, Hatim O. Arnold, Jeffrey G. Bosch, David D. TI The Impact of Asynchronicity on Event-Flow Estimation in Basin-Scale Hydrologic Model Calibration SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE rivers/streams; watersheds; runoff; surface water hydrology; nonlinear dynamics; uncertainty analysis; computational methods ID SPATIAL VARIABILITY; SWAT; RUNOFF; UNCERTAINTY; SENSITIVITY; WATERSHEDS; PARAMETERS; STREAMFLOW AB The calibration of basin-scale hydrologic models consists of adjusting parameters such that simulated values closely match observed values. However, due to inevitable inaccuracies in models and model inputs, simulated response hydrographs for multiyear calibrations will not be perfectly synchronized with observed response hydrographs at the daily time step. An analytically derived formula suggests that when timing errors are significant, traditional calibration approaches may generally underestimate the total event-flow volume. An event-adaptive time series is developed and incorporated into the Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency objective function to diagnose the potential impact of event-flow synchronization errors. Test sites are the 50km2 Subwatershed I of the Little River Experimental Watershed (LREWswI) in southeastern Georgia, and the 610km2 Little Washita River Experimental Watershed (LWREW) in southwestern Oklahoma, with the Soil and Water Assessment Tool used as the hydrologic model. Results suggest that simulated surface runoff generation is 55% less for LREWswI when the daily time series is used compared with when the event-adaptive technique is used. Event-flow generation may also be underestimated for LWREW, but to a lesser extent than it may be for LREWswI, due to a larger portion of the event flow being lateral flow. C1 [Joseph, John F.; Sharif, Hatim O.] Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. [Arnold, Jeffrey G.] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Bosch, David D.] Southeast Watershed Res, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Joseph, JF (reprint author), Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 1 UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. EM john.joseph@utsa.edu RI Sharif, Hatim/E-4426-2010 FU Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at the University of Texas at San Antonio FX This article is based on the doctoral dissertation of John F. Joseph, whose studies have received financial support from the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at the University of Texas at San Antonio. The authors are grateful to anonymous reviewers for assisting in making the article clearer. NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1093-474X J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD APR PY 2013 VL 49 IS 2 BP 300 EP 318 DI 10.1111/jawr.12011 PG 19 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 118DA UT WOS:000317001700004 ER PT J AU Riche, MA Weirich, CR AF Riche, Marty A. Weirich, Charles R. TI Stocking Density Effects on Production Characteristics and Body Composition of Market Size Cobia, Rachycentron canadum, Reared in Recirculating Aquaculture Systems SO JOURNAL OF THE WORLD AQUACULTURE SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID GILTHEAD SEA BREAM; GADUS-MORHUA L.; JUVENILE COBIA; RAINBOW-TROUT; GROWTH-RATE; SCOPHTHALMUS-MAXIMUS; REARING DENSITY; CIRCULAR TANKS; SPARUS-AURATA; SURVIVAL AB Culture density in excess of a critical threshold can result in a negative relationship between stocking density and fish production. This study was conducted to evaluate production characteristics of juvenile cobia, Rachycentron canadum, reared to market size in production-scale recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) at three different densities. Cobia (322 +/- 69g initial weight) were reared for 119d at densities to attain a final in-tank biomass of 10, 20, or 30kg/m3. The specific objective was to determine the effects of in-tank crowding resulting from higher biomass per unit rearing volume independent of system loading rates. Survival was 96% among all treatments. Mean final weight ranged from 2.13 to 2.15kg with feed conversion efficiencies of 6566%. No significant differences were detected in growth rate, survival, feed efficiency, or body composition. This study demonstrates that cobia can be reared to >2kg final weight at densities 30kg/m3 under suitable environmental conditions without detrimental effects on production. C1 [Riche, Marty A.; Weirich, Charles R.] ARS, USDA, Ft Pierce, FL 34946 USA. RP Riche, MA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture, Res Ctr, 2955 Hwy 130 East, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. FU USDA Agricultural Research Service [6225-63000-007-00D] FX Special appreciation is extended to Fernando Cavalin for providing daily care to experimental animals before the rearing trial was initiated. Thanks are also extended to Jay Adams, Meghan Anderson, David Cerino, Jerry Corsaut, Megan Davis, Don Freeman, David Haley, Susan Laramore, Rolland Laramore, Todd Lenger, Gary Luisi, Tim Pfeiffer, Bruno Sardenburg, Peter Stock, Patrick Tracy, Tony Wadley, and Peter Woodward for technical support. This study was funded by the USDA Agricultural Research Service under Project No. 6225-63000-007-00D. All programs and services of the US Department of Agriculture are offered on a nondiscriminatory basis without regard to race, color, national origin, religion, sex, age, marital status, or handicap. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. NR 53 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 26 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0893-8849 J9 J WORLD AQUACULT SOC JI J. World Aquacult. Soc. PD APR PY 2013 VL 44 IS 2 BP 259 EP 266 DI 10.1111/jwas.12023 PG 8 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 120RC UT WOS:000317188300010 ER PT J AU Li, MHH Robinson, EH Oberle, DF Lucas, PM Bosworth, BG AF Li, Menghe H. Robinson, Edwin H. Oberle, Daniel F. Lucas, Penelope M. Bosworth, Brian G. TI Use of Corn Germ Meal in Diets for Pond-Raised Channel Catfish, Ictalurus punctatus SO JOURNAL OF THE WORLD AQUACULTURE SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID APPARENT DIGESTIBILITY; GLUTEN FEED AB Corn germ meal (CGM) is a by-product of corn milling. On the basis of its nutrient composition and digestibility values, it appears to be a suitable ingredient for use in channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, diets. A study was conducted to examine the use of various levels of CGM in diets for pond-raised channel catfish. Four 28% protein diets containing 0, 15, 25, and 35% CGM were evaluated. Fingerling channel catfish (mean initial weight: 71g/fish) were stocked into 24, 0.04-ha ponds at a rate of 14,826fish/ha. Fish were fed once daily to apparent satiation for a 167-d growing season. No significant differences were observed in total amount of diet fed, diet consumption per fish, net yield, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, survival, fillet yield, and fillet protein, fat, and moisture concentrations among fish fed diets containing various levels of CGM. Carcass yield decreased linearly as dietary CGM levels increased. Depending on prices, CGM can be used interchangeably with corn gluten feed in channel catfish diets as replacements for corn, wheat middlings, and soybean meal to reduce feed cost. C1 [Li, Menghe H.; Robinson, Edwin H.; Oberle, Daniel F.; Lucas, Penelope M.] Mississippi State Univ, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Bosworth, Brian G.] ARS, USDA, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Li, MHH (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, POB 197, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. FU [MIS-081111] FX The authors thank Billy Rutland, Lee McIntire, and staff at the National Warmwater Aquaculture Center for assistance in routine management of the study, and Sandra Phillips and Cliff Smith for their assistance with proximate analysis of diet and tissue samples. This manuscript is approved for publication as Journal Article No. J-12177 of the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station, Mississippi State University. The project was supported under Project No. MIS-081111. Reference to trade names does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0893-8849 J9 J WORLD AQUACULT SOC JI J. World Aquacult. Soc. PD APR PY 2013 VL 44 IS 2 BP 282 EP 287 DI 10.1111/jwas.12019 PG 6 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 120RC UT WOS:000317188300013 ER PT J AU Farmer, BD Fuller, SA Mitchell, AJ Straus, DL Bullard, SA AF Farmer, Bradley D. Fuller, S. Adam Mitchell, Andrew J. Straus, David L. Bullard, Stephen A. TI Efficacy of Bath Treatments of Formalin and Copper Sulfate on Cultured White Bass, Morone chrysops, Concurrently Infected by Onchocleidus mimus and Ichthyophthirius multifiliis SO JOURNAL OF THE WORLD AQUACULTURE SOCIETY LA English DT Article C1 [Farmer, Bradley D.; Fuller, S. Adam; Mitchell, Andrew J.; Straus, David L.] ARS, USDA, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Bullard, Stephen A.] Auburn Univ, Aquat Parasitol Lab, Dept Fisheries & Allied Aquacultures, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Farmer, BD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, POB 1050, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. FU USDA/Agricultural Research Service [6225-32000-004-00D]; National Science Foundation Division of Environmental Biology [1051106, 1112729] FX We thank Matt Barnett and Cynthia Ledbetter (USDA SNARC) for their dedicated help throughout the course of the study. Drs. Ben Beck, Matt Griffin, and Brian Peterson provided constructive in-house reviews of an earlier draft of this manuscript. This study was funded by the USDA/Agricultural Research Service under Project No. 6225-32000-004-00D. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. This is a contribution of the Southeastern Fish Parasite and Disease Cooperative Project (Auburn University) and was supported in part by National Science Foundation Division of Environmental Biology grant numbers 1051106 and 1112729 to S. A. B. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0893-8849 J9 J WORLD AQUACULT SOC JI J. World Aquacult. Soc. PD APR PY 2013 VL 44 IS 2 BP 305 EP 310 DI 10.1111/jwas.12027 PG 6 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 120RC UT WOS:000317188300017 ER PT J AU Parmenter, BJ Raymond, J Dinnen, PJ Lusby, RJ Singh, MAF AF Parmenter, Belinda J. Raymond, Jacqueline Dinnen, Paul J. Lusby, Robert J. Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone TI Preliminary evidence that low ankle-brachial index is associated with reduced bilateral hip extensor strength and functional mobility in peripheral arterial disease SO JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Article ID LOWER-EXTREMITY; INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; OLDER-ADULTS; PERFORMANCE; EXERCISE; POWER; MANAGEMENT; WALKING; TRIAL AB Objective: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) has been associated with skeletal muscle pathology, including atrophy of the affected muscles. In addition, oxidative metabolism is impaired, muscle function is reduced, and gait and mobility are restricted. We hypothesized that greater severity of symptomatic PAD would be associated with lower levels of muscle mass, strength, and endurance, and that these musculoskeletal abnormalities in turn would impair functional performance and walking ability in patients with PAD. Methods: We assessed 22 persons with intermittent claudication from PAD in this cross-sectional pilot study. Outcome assessments included initial claudication distance and absolute claudication distance via treadmill protocols and outcomes from the 6-minute walk (6MW). Secondary outcomes included one repetition maximum strength/endurance testing of hip extensors, hip abductors, quadriceps, hamstrings, plantar flexors, pectoral, and upper back muscle groups, as well as performance-based tests of function. Univariate and stepwise multiple regression models were constructed to evaluate relationships and are presented. Results: Twenty-two participants (63.6% male; mean [standard deviation] age, 73.6 [8.2] years; range, 55-85 years) were studied. Mean (standard deviation) resting ankle-brachial index (ABI) was 0.54 ([0.13]; range, 0.28-0.82), and participants ranged from having mild claudication to rest pain. Lower resting ABI was significantly associated with reduced bilateral hip extensor strength (r = 0.54; P = .007) and reduced whole body strength (r = 0.32; P = .05). In addition, lower ABI was associated with a shorter distance to first stop during the 6MW (r = 0.38; P = .05) and poorer single leg balance (r = 0.44; P = .03). Reduced bilateral hip extensor strength was also significantly associated with functional outcomes, including reduced 6MW distance to first stop (r = 0.74; P = .001), reduced 6MW distance (r = 0.75; P < .001), and reduced total short physical performance battery score (worse function; r = 0.75; P = .003). Conclusions: Our results suggest the existence of a causal pathway from a reduction in ABI to muscle atrophy and weakness, to whole body disability represented by claudication outcomes and performance-based tests of functional mobility in an older cohort with symptomatic PAD. Longitudinal outcomes from this study and future trials are required to investigate the effects of an anabolic intervention targeting the muscles involved in mobility and activities of daily living and whether an increase in muscle strength will improve symptoms of claudication and lead to improvements in other functional outcomes in patients with PAD. (J Vasc Surg 2013;57:963-73.) C1 [Parmenter, Belinda J.; Raymond, Jacqueline; Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone] Univ Sydney, Fac Hlth Sci, Exercise Hlth & Performance Fac Res Grp, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Parmenter, Belinda J.] Univ New S Wales, Exercise Physiol Unit, Fac Med, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Dinnen, Paul J.] Gold Coast Vasc Ctr, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Lusby, Robert J.; Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone] Univ Sydney, Sydney Med Sch, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone] Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA USA. [Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Parmenter, BJ (reprint author), Univ New S Wales, Exercise Physiol Unit, Sch Med Sci, Fac Med, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. EM b.parmenter@unsw.edu.au OI Parmenter, Belinda/0000-0001-8013-5658 FU Tom Penrose Community and Service Grant of the ESSA FX REPAIR IT has been funded in part by the Tom Penrose Community and Service Grant of the ESSA and was carried out at Exercise, Health and Performance, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney. NR 26 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 9 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0741-5214 J9 J VASC SURG JI J. Vasc. Surg. PD APR PY 2013 VL 57 IS 4 BP 963 EP + DI 10.1016/j.jvs.2012.08.103 PG 12 WC Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 120QZ UT WOS:000317187900010 PM 23246081 ER PT J AU Uzunovic, A Gething, B Coelho, A Dale, A Janowiak, JJ Mack, R Hoover, K AF Uzunovic, Adnan Gething, Brad Coelho, Aaron Dale, Angela Janowiak, John J. Mack, Ron Hoover, Kelli TI Lethal temperature for pinewood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, in infested wood using radio frequency (RF) energy SO JOURNAL OF WOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE ISPM No. 15; Phytosanitary treatment; Pinewood nematode; Radio frequency AB We evaluated radio frequency (RF) dielectric heating for eradication of pinewood nematodes (PWN) in infested wood. Thirteen temperatures were tested (from ambient to 70 A degrees C) on small wood samples (2.5 x 3.8 x 0.64 cm) to determine the minimum lethal temperature (100 % mortality), which was 56 A degrees C [based on infra-red (IR) thermal images data 55.5-57.4 A degrees C] with a 1 min hold time. We also used thermal probes inside the wood to confirm that temperatures were a parts per thousand yen56 A degrees C. Thirty additional samples were tested bracketing the minimum lethal temperature using 54, 56 and 58 A degrees C with additional replications to produce the minimum sample size equivalent of 100 % mortality of at least 93,616 nematodes to satisfy the Probit 9 efficacy requirement. This minimum lethal temperature was further verified by treating infested large wood blocks (10.2 x 10.2 x 25.4 cm). All samples that met or exceeded the 56 A degrees C lethal temperature for the required 1 min hold time (as measured by probes inserted in the wood and on the wood surface by IR) produced 100 % mortality. The sample size required to show Probit 9 efficacy was also satisfied. This study supports the consideration of RF in addition to microwave (MW) dielectric heating as alternative treatments of wood packaging material for inclusion in ISPM No. 15, provided the treatment delivers the target lethal temperature throughout the profile of the material in industrial scale operations. C1 [Uzunovic, Adnan; Coelho, Aaron; Dale, Angela] FPInnovations, Vancouver, BC V6T 1W5, Canada. [Gething, Brad; Janowiak, John J.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Mack, Ron] USDA APHIS CPHST, Buzzards Bay, MA 02542 USA. [Hoover, Kelli] Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Uzunovic, A (reprint author), FPInnovations, 2665 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1W5, Canada. EM adnan.uzunovic@fpinnovations.ca FU USDA-CREES [2009-511-9-05652]; FPInnovations industry members; Natural Resources Canada (Canadian Forest Service); Province of British Columbia; Province of Alberta; Province of Saskatchewan; Province of Manitoba; Province of Ontario; Province of Quebec; Province of Nova Scotia; Province of New Brunswick; Province of Newfoundland and Labrador; Government of Yukon FX This project was financially supported by USDA-CREES (USDA Methyl Bromide Transitions Program) Grant No. 2009-511-9-05652 to KH and JJ and by FPInnovations industry members, Natural Resources Canada (Canadian Forest Service), and the Provinces of British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, as well as Newfoundland and Labrador and the Government of Yukon. The authors wish to thank our collaborators Ben Wilson and Glenn Blaker (PSC, Inc) for invaluable discussions and technical support. We also thank Ciprian Lazarescu and Stavros Avramidis (Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia) for their advice relevant to RF oven use and improvements on heating patterns. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 21 PU SPRINGER JAPAN KK PI TOKYO PA CHIYODA FIRST BLDG EAST, 3-8-1 NISHI-KANDA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 101-0065, JAPAN SN 1435-0211 J9 J WOOD SCI JI J. Wood Sci. PD APR PY 2013 VL 59 IS 2 BP 160 EP 170 DI 10.1007/s10086-012-1306-2 PG 11 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 122GI UT WOS:000317305900010 ER PT J AU Figueiredo, JC Levine, AJ Crott, JW Baurley, J Haile, RW AF Figueiredo, Jane C. Levine, A. Joan Crott, Jimmy W. Baurley, James Haile, Robert W. TI Folate-genetics and colorectal neoplasia: What we know and need to know next SO MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Adenoma; Cancer; Colorectal; Folate; Folic acid ID ONE-CARBON METABOLISM; METHYLENETETRAHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE GENE; METHIONINE ADENOSYLTRANSFERASE 2A; SYNTHASE A2756G POLYMORPHISM; RANDOMIZED CLINICAL-TRIAL; MTHFR C677T POLYMORPHISM; CANCER-RISK; COLON-CANCER; FOLIC-ACID; THYMIDYLATE-SYNTHASE AB Scope The metabolism of folate involves a complex network of polymorphic enzymes that may explain a proportion of the risk associated with colorectal neoplasia. Over 60 observational studies primarily in non-Hispanic White populations have been conducted on selected genetic variants in specific genes, MTHFR, MTR, MTRR, CBS, TCNII, RFC, GCPII, SHMT, TYMS, and MTHFD1, including five meta-analyses on MTHFR 677C>T (rs1801133) and MTHFR 1298C>T (rs1801131); two meta-analyses on MTR-2756A>C (rs1805087); and one for MTRR 66A>G (rs1801394). Methods and results This systematic review synthesizes these data, highlighting the consistent inverse association between MTHFR 677TT genotype and risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) and its null association with adenoma risk. Results for other variants varied across individual studies; in our meta-analyses we observed some evidence for SHMT 1420C>T (rs1979277) ((odds ratio) OR = 0.85; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.731.00 for TT v. CC) and TYMS 5' 28 bp repeat (rs34743033) and CRC risk (OR = 0.84; 95% CI = 0.750.94 for 2R/3R v. 3R/3R and OR = 0.82; 95% CI = 0.690.98 for 2R/2R v. 3R/3R). Conclusion To gain further insight into the role of folate variants in colorectal neoplasia will require incorporating measures of the metabolites, including B-vitamin cofactors, homocysteine and S-adenosylmethionine, and innovative statistical methods to better approximate the folate one-carbon metabolism pathway. C1 [Figueiredo, Jane C.; Levine, A. Joan; Haile, Robert W.] Univ So Calif, Dept Prevent Med, Keck Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Crott, Jimmy W.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Baurley, James] BioRealm LLC, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Figueiredo, JC (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Dept Prevent Med, Harlyne J Norris Canc Res Tower,1450J Biggy St,Ro, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. EM janefigu@usc.edu FU U.S. Department of Agriculture [58-1950-7-707] FX The authors thank Dr. Jacob Selhub for helpful comments during the preparation of this manuscript and Ms. Stephanie Ly for reviewing the literature and abstracting data from published studies. This material is based, partly, upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, under agreement No. 58-1950-7-707. Any opinions, findings, conclusion, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 109 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1613-4125 J9 MOL NUTR FOOD RES JI Mol. Nutr. Food Res. PD APR PY 2013 VL 57 IS 4 SI SI BP 607 EP 627 DI 10.1002/mnfr.201200278 PG 21 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 119ZG UT WOS:000317138200005 PM 23401104 ER PT J AU Naumann, TA Wicklow, DT AF Naumann, Todd A. Wicklow, Donald T. TI Chitinase modifying proteins from phylogenetically distinct lineages of Brassica pathogens SO PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Fungalysin; Chitinase modifying protein; Brassicaceae; Crucifer; Zea mays; Arabidopsis thaliana; Fusarium oxysporum; Fusarium verticillioides; Colletotrichum higginsianum; Alternaria brassicicola; Alternaria brassicae; Verticillium longisporum; Pyrenopeziza brassicae; Leptosphaeria maculans; Sclerotinia sclerotiorum; Thanatephorus cucumeris; Mycosphaerella capsellae; Mycosphaerella brassicicola ID LIGHT LEAF-SPOT; PLANT CHITINASES; SCLEROTINIA-SCLEROTIORUM; ASPERGILLUS-FUMIGATUS; MOLECULAR-CLONING; OILSEED RAPE; MAIZE SEED; FUNGAL; ARABIDOPSIS; RESISTANCE AB Chitinase modifying proteins, cmps, are secreted fungal proteases that truncate specific plant class IV chitinases by cleaving peptide bonds in their amino termini. We recently identified a cmp from the Zea mays (maize) pathogen Fusarium verticillioides and found that it is a member of the fungalysin class of proteases. We also found that Alternaria brassicae, a pathogen of the mustard plant family Brassicaceae, secretes a protease with the same activity. To determine which pathogens of Brassicaceae plants secrete fungalysin cmps, we tested protein extracts from twenty fungi that had been isolated from diseased plants. Each fungal isolate was grown saprotrophically on maize and canola seeds. Secreted fungal proteins were extracted from cultures and incubated with three purified plant chitinases: ChitA and ChitB from maize, and AtchitIV3 from Arabidopsis thaliana. We found that fungalysin cmps were secreted by fungal pathogens distributed among five families in three major Ascomycota classes (Dothideomycetes, Leotiomycetes and Sordariomycetes). Of four fungal species that did not secrete fungalysin cmp activity, three secreted other cmps that truncated maize ChitA and ChitB by cleaving other peptide bonds. AtchitIV3 was only susceptible to truncation by fungalysin cmps. These results show that cmps are commonly secreted by fungal pathogens of Brassicaceae and suggest that interfering with fungalysin cmp activity may improve plant resistance to multiple fungal diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Naumann, Todd A.; Wicklow, Donald T.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Naumann, TA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM todd.naumann@ars.usda.gov NR 54 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 30 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0885-5765 J9 PHYSIOL MOL PLANT P JI Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 82 BP 1 EP 9 DI 10.1016/j.pmpp.2012.12.001 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 119QN UT WOS:000317112500002 ER PT J AU Baker, CJ Kovalskaya, NY Mock, NM Deahl, KL Whitaker, BD Roberts, DP Hammond, RW Aver'yanov, AA AF Baker, C. Jacyn Kovalskaya, Natalia Y. Mock, Norton M. Deahl, Kenneth L. Whitaker, Bruce D. Roberts, Daniel P. Hammond, Rose W. Aver'yanov, Andrey A. TI Real-time monitoring of the extracellular redox potential of cell suspensions during plant/bacterial interactions SO PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Redox; Oxidative burst; Phenolics; Acetosyringone; Antioxidant; Reactive oxygen; Bacteria; Suspension cells; Tobacco ID PLANT; ANTIOXIDANTS; RECOGNITION; GLUTATHIONE; RESPONSES; BACTERIA; STRESS AB In both plants and animals, there has been a strong focus on reactive oxygen species and antioxidants in regard to stress responses. This has led to an awareness of the importance of 'redox status' as a prime regulatory determinant of cellular function and responses to internal and external stimuli. It has been difficult to study the effect of or fluctuation in the redox potential during interactions, since the frequency of sampling is limiting. We tested a method of using redox electrodes with bacterial and plant cell suspensions to monitor the extracellular redox potential during different plant/bacterial interactions. The advantage of the electrodes is that they provide continuous and nonintrusive monitoring of the redox potential, and interact with a larger array of metabolites. We found four different responses of redox potential to different plant/bacterial interactions. The redox responses are coincident with phenolic changes in the extracellular fluid of the suspensions. Further investigation of the mechanisms and parameters that affect the technique will provide insight into using electrodes to measure redox potential in planta. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Baker, C. Jacyn; Kovalskaya, Natalia Y.; Mock, Norton M.; Hammond, Rose W.] USDA, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Whitaker, Bruce D.] USDA, Produce Qual & Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Roberts, Daniel P.] USDA, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Deahl, Kenneth L.] USDA, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Aver'yanov, Andrey A.] Res Inst Phytopathol, B Vyazemy 143050, Moscow Region, Russia. RP Baker, CJ (reprint author), USDA, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Bldg 004 Rm 119, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM bakerc@ba.ars.usda.gov NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 12 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0885-5765 J9 PHYSIOL MOL PLANT P JI Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 82 BP 20 EP 27 DI 10.1016/j.pmpp.2013.01.002 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 119QN UT WOS:000317112500004 ER PT J AU Brandl, MT Sundin, GW AF Brandl, Maria T. Sundin, George W. TI Focus on Food Safety: Human Pathogens on Plants SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Brandl, Maria T.] ARS, Produce Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Sundin, George W.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Brandl, MT (reprint author), ARS, Produce Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 32 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD APR PY 2013 VL 103 IS 4 BP 304 EP 305 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-103-4-0304 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 119HD UT WOS:000317087500001 PM 23506359 ER PT J AU Brandi, MT Cox, CE Teplitski, M AF Brandi, Maria T. Cox, Clayton E. Teplitski, Max TI Salmonella Interactions with Plants and Their Associated Microbiota SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Review DE foodborne pathogen; fruit; vegetable; phyllosphere; rhizosphere; enteric illness; microbe-microbe interactions ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; ENTERICA SEROVAR TYPHIMURIUM; BACTERIAL SOFT-ROT; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; TOMATO PLANTS; LETTUCE LEAVES; IN-VITRO; PSEUDOMONAS-SYRINGAE; EPIPHYTIC BACTERIA; IRRIGATION WATER AB Brandl, M. T., Cox, C. E., and Teplitski, M. 2013. Salmonella interactions with plants and their associated microbiota. Phytopathology 103:316-325. The increase in the incidence of gastroenteritis outbreaks linked to the consumption of foods of plant origin has ignited public concern and scientific interest in understanding interactions of human enteric pathogens with plants. Enteric disease caused by nontyphoidal Salmonella is a major public health burden, with the number of cases of illness linked to fresh produce, spices, and nuts surpassing those linked to foods of animal origin. Mounting evidence supports the hypothesis that colonization of plants is an important part of the life cycle of this human pathogen. Although plant responses to human pathogens are distinct from the more specific responses to phytopathogens, plants appear to recognize Salmonella, likely by detecting conserved microbial patterns, which subsequently activates basal defenses. Numerous Salmonella genes have been identified as playing a role in its colonization of plant surfaces and tissues, and in its various interactions with other members of the phyto-microbial community. Importantly, Salmonella utilizes diverse and overlapping strategies to interact with plants and their microflora, and to successfully colonize its vertebrate hosts. This review provides insight into the complex behavior of Salmonella on plants and the apparent remarkable adaptation of this human pathogen to a potentially secondary host. C1 [Brandi, Maria T.] ARS, Produce Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, USDA, Albany, CA USA. [Cox, Clayton E.; Teplitski, Max] Univ Florida, Genet Inst, Soil & Water Sci Dept, IFAS, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Teplitski, M (reprint author), Univ Florida, Genet Inst, Soil & Water Sci Dept, IFAS, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM maxtep@ufl.edu FU USDA-NIFA AFRI [2011-67017-30127]; United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service CRIS [5325-42000-046]; USDA-NIFA [2012-67012-19708] FX Preparation of this manuscript was supported by the USDA-NIFA AFRI grant 2011-67017-30127 to M. Teplitski, by the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service CRIS project 5325-42000-046 funds to M. T. Brandl, and by a USDA-NIFA postdoctoral fellowship grant 2012-67012-19708 to C. E. Cox, M. T. Brandl, and M. Teplitski. We thank W. J. Zaragoza and M. Fatica for designing Figure 2 and J. T. Noel for sharing unpublished data presented in Figure 3 of this publication. NR 93 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 58 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD APR PY 2013 VL 103 IS 4 BP 316 EP 325 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-11-12-0295-RVW PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 119HD UT WOS:000317087500003 PM 23506360 ER PT J AU Kroupitski, Y Brandi, MT Pinto, R Belausov, E Tamir-Ariel, D Burdman, S Sela, S AF Kroupitski, Y. Brandi, M. T. Pinto, R. Belausov, E. Tamir-Ariel, D. Burdman, S. Sela (Saldinger), S. TI Identification of Salmonella enterica Genes with a Role in Persistence on Lettuce Leaves During Cold Storage by Recombinase-Based In Vivo Expression Technology SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BACTERIAL VIRULENCE GENES; PSEUDOMONAS-SYRINGAE; SEROTYPE TYPHIMURIUM; BIOFILM FORMATION; SEROVAR TYPHIMURIUM; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; ICEBERG LETTUCE; INDUCIBLE GENES; CELLULOSE; INFECTION AB Kroupitski, Y., Brandl, M. T., Pinto, R., Belausov, E., Tamir-Ariel, D., Burdman, S., and Sela (Saldinger), S. 2013. Identification of Salmonella enterica genes with a role in persistence on lettuce leaves during cold storage by recombinase-based in vivo expression technology. Phytopathology 103:362-372. Recurrent outbreaks of enteric illness linked to lettuce and a lack of efficacious strategies to decontaminate produce underscores the need for a better understanding of the molecular interactions of foodborne pathogens with plants. This study aimed at identifying Salmonella enterica genes involved in the persistence of this organism on post-harvest lettuce during cold storage using recombinase-based in vivo expression technology (RIVET). In total, 37 potentially induced loci were identified in four distinct screenings. Knockout mutations in eight upregulated genes revealed that four of them have a role in persistence of the pathogen in this system. These genes included slfC, bcsA, misL, and yidR, encoding a fimbrial outer membrane usher, a cellulose synthase catalytic subunit, an adhesin of the autotransporter family expressed from the Salmonella pathogenicity island-3, and a putative ATP/GTP-binding protein, respectively. bcsA, misL, and yidR but not stfC mutants were impaired also in attachment and biofilm formation, suggesting that these functions are required for survival of S. enterica on post-harvest lettuce. This is the first report that MisL, which has a role in Salmonella binding to fibronectin in animal hosts, is involved also in adhesion to plant tissue. Hence, our study uncovered a new plant attachment factor in Salmonella and demonstrates that RIVET is an effective approach for investigating human pathogen plant interactions in a post-harvest leafy vegetable. C1 [Kroupitski, Y.; Pinto, R.; Sela (Saldinger), S.] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Microbial Food Safety Res Unit, Dept Food Qual & Safety, Inst Postharvest & Food Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Kroupitski, Y.] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Dept Biochem & Food Sci, Robert H Smith Fac Agr Food & Environm, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Brandi, M. T.] ARS, Produce Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, USDA, Albany, CA USA. [Belausov, E.] Agr Res Org, Volcani Ctr, Confocal Microscopy Unit, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. [Tamir-Ariel, D.; Burdman, S.] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Robert H Smith Fac Agr Food & Environm, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. RP Sela, S (reprint author), Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Microbial Food Safety Res Unit, Dept Food Qual & Safety, Inst Postharvest & Food Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. EM shlomos@volcani.agri.gov.il FU United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development (BARD) Fund [US-3949-06] FX This study was partially supported by The United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development (BARD) Fund, grant number US-3949-06, awarded to S. Sela (Saldinger) and M. T. Brandl. We thank A. Camilli (Tufts University, Boston) for RIVET plasmids and strains. NR 67 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 30 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD APR PY 2013 VL 103 IS 4 BP 362 EP 372 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-10-12-0254-FI PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 119HD UT WOS:000317087500008 PM 23506363 ER PT J AU Palle, SR Campbell, LM Pandeya, D Puckhaber, L Tollack, LK Marcel, S Sundaram, S Stipanovic, RD Wedegaertner, TC Hinze, L Rathore, KS AF Palle, Sreenath R. Campbell, LeAnne M. Pandeya, Devendra Puckhaber, Lorraine Tollack, Lauren K. Marcel, Sylvain Sundaram, Sabarinath Stipanovic, Robert D. Wedegaertner, Thomas C. Hinze, Lori Rathore, Keerti S. TI RNAi-mediated Ultra-low gossypol cottonseed trait: performance of transgenic lines under field conditions SO PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cottonseed; field performance; gene silencing; gossypol; RNAi; terpenoids ID TERPENOID ALDEHYDES; GLANDLESS COTTONSEED; SEED-OIL; NITROGEN; RESISTANCE; PLANTS; YIELD; ACID; IRRIGATION; INHIBITION AB Cottonseed remains a low-value by-product of lint production mainly due to the presence of toxic gossypol that makes it unfit for monogastrics. Ultra-low gossypol cottonseed (ULGCS) lines were developed using RNAi knockdown of -cadinene synthase gene(s) in Gossypium hirsutum. The purpose of the current study was to assess the stability and specificity of the ULGCS trait and evaluate the agronomic performance of the transgenic lines. Trials conducted over a period of 3years show that the ULGCS trait was stable under field conditions and the foliage/floral organs of transgenic lines contained wild-type levels of gossypol and related terpenoids. Although it was a relatively small-scale study, we did not observe any negative effects on either the yield or quality of the fibre and seed in the transgenic lines compared with the nontransgenic parental plants. Compositional analysis was performed on the seeds obtained from plants grown in the field during 2009. As expected, the major difference between the ULGCS and wild-type cottonseeds was in terms of their gossypol levels. With the exception of oil content, the composition of ULGCS was similar to that of nontransgenic cottonseeds. Interestingly, the ULGCS had significantly higher (4%8%) oil content compared with the seeds from the nontransgenic parent. Field trial results confirmed the stability and specificity of the ULGCS trait suggesting that this RNAi-based product has the potential to be commercially viable. Thus, it may be possible to enhance and expand the nutritional utility of the annual cottonseed output to fulfil the ever-increasing needs of humanity. C1 [Palle, Sreenath R.; Campbell, LeAnne M.; Pandeya, Devendra; Tollack, Lauren K.; Marcel, Sylvain; Sundaram, Sabarinath; Rathore, Keerti S.] Texas A&M Univ, Inst Plant Genom & Biotechnol, College Stn, TX 77840 USA. [Puckhaber, Lorraine; Stipanovic, Robert D.; Hinze, Lori] ARS, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, USDA, College Stn, TX USA. [Wedegaertner, Thomas C.] Cotton Inc, Cottonseed Utilizat, Cary, NC USA. [Rathore, Keerti S.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Rathore, KS (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Inst Plant Genom & Biotechnol, College Stn, TX 77840 USA. EM rathore@tamu.edu OI Hinze, Lori L/0000-0003-3356-1245 FU Cotton Incorporated; Texas Cotton Biotechnology Initiative (TxCOT); Texas AgriLife Research FX We are thankful to Jim Balthrop (Office of Texas State Chemist) for his help with seed protein analysis and Ms. Shanna Sherwood for her help with ginning. This research was supported by funds from Cotton Incorporated, Texas Cotton Biotechnology Initiative (TxCOT) and Texas AgriLife Research. Seed composition analysis was performed by Covance Laboratories, Inc., Madison, WI, USA. The authors declare no conflict of interest. NR 53 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1467-7644 J9 PLANT BIOTECHNOL J JI Plant Biotechnol. J. PD APR PY 2013 VL 11 IS 3 BP 296 EP 304 DI 10.1111/pbi.12013 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 115PW UT WOS:000316825400003 PM 23078138 ER PT J AU Weber, JG Clay, DM AF Weber, Jeremy G. Clay, Dawn Marie TI Who Does Dot Respond to the Agricultural Resource Management Survey and Does It Matter? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Agricultural Resource Management Survey; nonresponse bias; unit nonresponse ID MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD-ESTIMATION; SAMPLE SELECTION BIAS; LABOR PARTICIPATION; MODELS; NONRESPONSE; IMPUTATION; DECISIONS; SUBSIDIES; IMPACT; INCOME AB The Agricultural Resource Management Survey is the primary annual source of information on U.S. farms, but in a typical year one-third of sampled farms do not respond. We use Census of Agriculture data to study nonresponse to the survey and how it affects estimates in two econometric models. Despite larger farms responding less, the coefficients estimated from the respondent subsample always fall inside confidence intervals based on draws from the full sample of respondents and nonrespondents. Although nonresponse bias can vary by application, the findings suggest that bias is unlikely to undermine conclusions based on econometrics using respondent data. C1 [Weber, Jeremy G.] USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Clay, Dawn Marie] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Weber, JG (reprint author), USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9092 J9 AM J AGR ECON JI Am. J. Agr. Econ. PD APR PY 2013 VL 95 IS 3 BP 755 EP 771 DI 10.1093/ajae/aas171 PG 17 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA 117MY UT WOS:000316958800012 ER PT J AU Salinardi, TC Batra, P Roberts, SB Urban, LE Robinson, LM Pittas, AG Lichtenstein, AH Deckersbach, T Saltzman, E Das, SK AF Salinardi, Taylor C. Batra, Payal Roberts, Susan B. Urban, Lorien E. Robinson, Lisa M. Pittas, Anastassios G. Lichtenstein, Alice H. Deckersbach, Thilo Saltzman, Edward Das, Sai Krupa TI Lifestyle intervention reduces body weight and improves cardiometabolic risk factors in worksites SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; LOW-GLYCEMIC LOAD; DIABETES-PREVENTION; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; OBESITY; PROGRAM; DIET; OVERWEIGHT; EMPLOYEES; EPIDEMIC AB Background: Worksites are potentially effective locations for obesity control because they provide opportunities for group intervention and social support. Studies are needed to identify effective interventions in these settings. Objective: We examined the effects of a multicomponent lifestyle intervention on weight loss and prevention of regain in 4 worksites (2 intervention and 2 control sites). Design: Overweight and obese employees (n = 133) enrolled in this pilot worksite-randomized controlled trial with a 0-6-mo weight-loss phase and a 6-12-mo structured weight-maintenance phase. The intervention combined recommendations to consume a reduced-energy, low-glycemic load, high-fiber diet with behavioral change education. Outcome measurements included changes in body weight and cardiometabolic risk factors. Results: The mean +/- SEM weight loss was substantial in intervention participants, whereas control subjects gained weight (-8.0 +/- 0.7 compared with +0.9 +/- 0.5 kg, respectively; P < 0.001), and 89% of participants completed the weight-loss phase. Intervention effects were not significant at the 0.05 level but would have been at the 0.10 level (P = 0.08) in a mixed model in which the worksite nested within group was a random factor. There were also significant improvements in cardiometabolic risk factors in intervention compared with control subjects regarding fasting total cholesterol, glucose, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure (P <= 0.02 for each). No significant weight regain was observed in participants who enrolled in the structured weight-maintenance program (0.5 +/- 0.7 kg; P = 0.65), and overweight and obese employees in intervention worksites who were not enrolled in the weight-loss program lost weight compared with subjects in control worksites (-1.3 +/- 0.5 compared with +0.7 +/- 0.2 kg, respectively; P = 0.02). Conclusion: Worksites can be effective for achieving clinically important reductions in body weight and improved cardiometabolic risk factors. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01470222. Am J Clin Nutr 2013;97:667-76. C1 [Salinardi, Taylor C.; Batra, Payal; Roberts, Susan B.; Urban, Lorien E.; Robinson, Lisa M.; Lichtenstein, Alice H.; Saltzman, Edward; Das, Sai Krupa] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Pittas, Anastassios G.] Tufts Med Ctr, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Metab, Boston, MA USA. [Deckersbach, Thilo] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Boston, MA 02114 USA. RP Das, SK (reprint author), Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Energy Metab Lab, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM sai.das@tufts.edu FU USDA [58-1950-0-0014]; Tufts University; Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University [H15001-DAX023]; National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute [T32 HL 069772] FX Supported by the USDA (agreement 58-1950-0-0014 with Tufts University); the Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University (pilot grant H15001-DAX023); and the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (grant T32 HL 069772; to TCS). NR 40 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 40 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 EI 1938-3207 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD APR PY 2013 VL 97 IS 4 BP 667 EP 676 DI 10.3945/ajcn.112.046995 PG 10 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 113CQ UT WOS:000316644200003 PM 23426035 ER PT J AU Aaron, GJ Keim, NL Drewnowski, A Townsend, MS AF Aaron, Grant J. Keim, Nancy L. Drewnowski, Adam Townsend, Marilyn S. TI Estimating dietary costs of low-income women in California: a comparison of 2 approaches SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID FOOD FREQUENCY QUESTIONNAIRE; MULTIPLE-PASS METHOD; RECALL DATA; NUTRITION; VALIDITY; EDUCATION; VARIANCE; DESIGN; TRIAL AB Background: Currently, no simplified approach to estimating food costs exists for a large, nationally representative sample. Objective: The objective was to compare 2 approaches for estimating individual daily diet costs in a population of low-income women in California. Design: Cost estimates based on time-intensive method 1 (three 24-h recalls and associated food prices on receipts) were compared with estimates made by using less intensive method 2 [a food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and store prices]. Low-income participants (n = 121) of USDA nutrition programs were recruited. Mean daily diet costs, both unadjusted and adjusted for energy, were compared by using Pearson correlation coefficients and the Bland-Altman 95% limits of agreement between methods. Results: Energy and nutrient intakes derived by the 2 methods were comparable; where differences occurred, the FFQ (method 2) provided higher nutrient values than did the 24-h recall (method 1). The crude daily diet cost was $6.32 by the 24-h recall method and $5.93 by the FFQ method (P = 0.221). The energy-adjusted diet cost was $6.65 by the 24-h recall method and $5.98 by the FFQ method (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Although the agreement between methods was weaker than expected, both approaches may be useful. Additional research is needed to further refine a large national survey approach (method 2) to estimate daily dietary costs with the use of this minimal time-intensive method for the participant and moderate time-intensive method for the researcher. Am J Clin Nutr 2013;97:835-41. C1 [Aaron, Grant J.] Univ Calif Davis, Program Int & Community Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Keim, Nancy L.; Townsend, Marilyn S.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Keim, Nancy L.] ARS, Obes & Metab Res Unit, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA USA. [Drewnowski, Adam] Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth & Community Med, Nutr Sci Program, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Townsend, MS (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM mstownsend@ucdavis.edu FU USDA Cooperative State Research Education and Extension Service (National Research Initiative grant) [2004-35215-14441] FX Supported by the USDA Cooperative State Research Education and Extension Service (National Research Initiative grant 2004-35215-14441). NR 33 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 EI 1938-3207 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD APR PY 2013 VL 97 IS 4 BP 835 EP 841 DI 10.3945/ajcn.112.044453 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 113CQ UT WOS:000316644200020 PM 23388658 ER PT J AU Guenther, PM Lyon, JMG Appel, LJ AF Guenther, Patricia M. Lyon, Joan M. G. Appel, Lawrence J. TI Modeling dietary patterns to assess sodium recommendations for nutrient adequacy SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID BLOOD-PRESSURE; DASH DIET; HYPERTENSION AB Background: The 2010 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee report contained dietary patterns developed by using nutrient-dense foods. In most cases, low-sodium forms of foods were incorporated into the patterns. Objectives: We wanted to determine whether choosing lower-sodium foods could lower the sodium content to 1500 mg without compromising nutrient adequacy. We also explored the effect of choosing typical foods (more calories with higher sodium) and the feasibility of implementing sodium recommendations on a density basis (mg Na/kcal). Design: Food patterns developed during the 2010 Dietary Guidelines development process were used as the base for this analysis. Modeling was then used to analyze the effect of substituting lower-sodium foods on nutrient adequacy. Results: Sodium amounts in the base model varied directly with energy level (1.0 mg Na/kcal) and ranged from 996 to 3176 mg/d. Amounts in the lowest-sodium model also varied with energy level (similar to 0.5 mg/kcal) and ranged from 500 to 1250 mg/d. A comparison of sodium density for the base and the lowest sodium models showed that sodium in the lowest model is similar to 50% of the base. For typical food choices, sodium amounts were much higher (1.6-2.0 mg/kcal and 1715-5078 mg/d). Comparison of sodium density for the base and the typical food choice models showed that amounts were 1.6-2.0 times greater than the base. Conclusions: By choosing only low-sodium foods, it was possible to construct nutritionally adequate dietary patterns with 1500 mg Na/d. Sodium density (mg Na/kcal) is a practical approach for expressing sodium recommendations. Am J Clin Nutr 2013;97:842-7. C1 [Guenther, Patricia M.; Lyon, Joan M. G.] USDA, Ctr Nutr Policy & Promot, Alexandria, VA 22302 USA. [Appel, Lawrence J.] Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Welch Ctr Prevent Epidemiol & Clin Res, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Guenther, PM (reprint author), USDA, Ctr Nutr Policy & Promot, 3101 Pk Ctr Dr,Suite 1034, Alexandria, VA 22302 USA. EM patricia.guenther@cnpp.usda.gov FU McCormick Foundation FX The authors' responsibilities were as follows-PMG and LJA: designed the research; PMG: conducted the research, analyzed the data, and had primary responsibility for the final content of the manuscript; and PMG, LJA, and JMGL: wrote the manuscript. LJA is an investigator on a grant supported by McCormick Foundation. PMG and JMGL had no financial interests to disclose. NR 26 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD APR PY 2013 VL 97 IS 4 BP 842 EP 847 DI 10.3945/ajcn.112.047779 PG 6 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 113CQ UT WOS:000316644200021 PM 23446903 ER PT J AU Zheng, J Allard, S Reynolds, S Millner, P Arce, G Blodgett, RJ Brown, EW AF Zheng, Jie Allard, Sarah Reynolds, Sara Millner, Patricia Arce, Gabriela Blodgett, Robert J. Brown, Eric W. TI Colonization and Internalization of Salmonella enterica in Tomato Plants SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IRRIGATION WATER; UNITED-STATES; SEROVAR TYPHIMURIUM; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SOIL; CONTAMINATION; NEWPORT; GROWTH; SURVEILLANCE; PERSISTENCE AB The consumption of fresh tomatoes has been linked to numerous food-borne outbreaks involving various serovars of Salmonella enterica. Recent advances in our understanding of plant-microbe interactions have shown that human enteric pathogenic bacteria, including S. enterica, are adapted to survive in the plant environment. In this study, tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Micro-Tom) grown in sandy loam soil from Virginia's eastern shore (VES) were inoculated with S. enterica serovars to evaluate plausible internalization routes and to determine if there is any niche fitness for certain serovars. Both infested soil and contaminated blossoms can lead to low internal levels of fruit contamination with Salmonella. Salmonella serovars demonstrated a great ability to survive in environments under tomato cultivation, not only in soil but also on different parts of the tomato plant. Of the five serovars investigated, Salmonella enterica serovars Newport and Javiana were dominant in sandy loam soil, while Salmonella enterica serovars Montevideo and Newport were more prevalent on leaves and blossoms. It was also observed that Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium had a poor rate of survival in all the plant parts examined here, suggesting that post-harvest contamination routes are more likely in S. Typhimurium contamination of tomato fruit. Conversely, S. Newport was the most prevalent serovar recovered in both the tomato rhizosphere and phyllosphere. Plants that were recently transplanted (within 3 days) had an increase in observable internalized bacteria, suggesting that plants were more susceptible to internalization right after transplant. These findings suggest that the particular Salmonella serovar and the growth stage of the plant were important factors for internalization through the root system. C1 [Zheng, Jie; Allard, Sarah; Arce, Gabriela; Blodgett, Robert J.; Brown, Eric W.] US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, College Pk, MD USA. [Allard, Sarah; Reynolds, Sara] ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Zheng, J (reprint author), US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, College Pk, MD USA. EM jie.zheng@fda.hhs.gov NR 34 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 53 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 79 IS 8 BP 2494 EP 2502 DI 10.1128/AEM.03704-12 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 117LZ UT WOS:000316956200001 PM 23377940 ER PT J AU Carlson, JC Tupper, SK Werner, SJ Pettit, SE Santer, MM Linz, GM AF Carlson, James C. Tupper, Shelagh K. Werner, Scott J. Pettit, Susan E. Santer, Michele M. Linz, George M. TI Laboratory efficacy of an anthraquinone-based repellent for reducing bird damage to ripening corn SO APPLIED ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Agelaius phoeniceus; Aversion; Chemical repellent ID NEWLY PLANTED RICE; BLACKBIRD DAMAGE; SUNFLOWER AB Wildlife repellents provide a non-lethal alternative for managing agricultural impacts associated with wildlife depredation. To evaluate a potential bird repellent for ripening corn, we conducted a feeding experiment at the United States Department of Agriculture, National Wildlife Research Center with 66 red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus). Using a two-choice experimental design we tested the efficacy of Avipel repellent (a.i. 50% 9,10-anthraquinone) on ripening sweet corn. Red-winged blackbirds consumed an average of 8.6%+/- 0.9% of kernels from untreated ears and 5.3% +/- 1.1% from ears treated with anthraquinone. The interaction between anthraquinone concentration and corn treatment suggests a positive concentration-response for red-winged blackbirds. Odds ratio analysis suggests red-winged blackbirds were 1.4 times more likely to damage untreated sweet corn compared to treated sweet corn. These results suggest efficacy of anthraquinone-based products as red-wing blackbird repellents for ripening corn. Moreover, exposure to anthraquinone-based repellents may reduce consumption of a food matrix that receives little to no direct anthraquinone exposure. Supplemental research is recommended to evaluate anthraquinone-based repellents under field conditions, including the establishment of a chemical tolerance for food and feed use. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Carlson, James C.; Tupper, Shelagh K.; Werner, Scott J.; Pettit, Susan E.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Santer, Michele M.] Ark Life Sci, New Castle, DE 19720 USA. [Linz, George M.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,North Dakota Field Stn, Bismarck, ND 58501 USA. RP Carlson, JC (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM james.c.carlson@aphis.usda.gov OI Tupper, Shelagh/0000-0002-9936-487X NR 23 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1591 J9 APPL ANIM BEHAV SCI JI Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. PD APR PY 2013 VL 145 IS 1-2 BP 26 EP 31 DI 10.1016/j.applanim.2013.01.011 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Behavioral Sciences; Veterinary Sciences SC Agriculture; Behavioral Sciences; Veterinary Sciences GA 117AI UT WOS:000316924100003 ER PT J AU Yoo, CG Nghiem, NP Hicks, KB Kim, TH AF Yoo, Chang Geun Nghiem, Nhuan P. Hicks, Kevin B. Kim, Tae Hyun TI Maximum Production of Fermentable Sugars from Barley Straw Using Optimized Soaking in Aqueous Ammonia (SAA) Pretreatment SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Fermentable sugars; Sugar recovery yield; Lignocellulosic biomass; Ammonia pretreatment ID ENZYMATIC-HYDROLYSIS; CORN STOVER; BIOMASS; ETHANOL AB Soaking in aqueous ammonia (SAA) pretreatment was investigated to improve enzymatic digestibility and consequently to increase total fermentable sugar production from barley straw. Various effects of pretreatment process parameters, such as reaction temperature, reaction time, solid:liquid ratio, and ammonia concentration, were evaluated, and the optimum conditions for two of the most important factors, reaction temperature and time were determined using response surface methodology. Optimized reaction conditions were 77.6 A degrees C treatment temperature, 12.1 h. treatment time, 15 wt.% ammonia concentration, and 1:8 solid-to-liquid ratio, which gave a sugar recovery yield of 71.5 % (percent of theoretical sugar recovered from the untreated barley straw) with enzyme loading of 15 FPU/g-glucan. In the optimization of the SAA pretreatment process, ammonia concentration, reaction temperature, and reaction time were determined to be the most significant factors correlated to subsequent enzyme digestibility. Based on tested conditions exhibiting high sugar recovery yields of > 60 %, it appeared that reaction temperature affected total fermentable sugar production more significantly than reaction time. C1 [Yoo, Chang Geun] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Nghiem, Nhuan P.; Hicks, Kevin B.] ARS, Sustainable Biofuels & Co Prod Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Kim, Tae Hyun] Kongju Natl Univ, Dept Environm Engn, Cheonan 330717, Chungnam, South Korea. RP Kim, TH (reprint author), Kongju Natl Univ, Dept Environm Engn, Cheonan 330717, Chungnam, South Korea. EM thkim@kongju.ac.kr OI Kim, Tae Hyun/0000-0002-2225-1199 FU New Growth Technology Strategy Department; POSCO [2012A076] FX This work was supported by the New Growth Technology Strategy Department grant funded by POSCO (2012A076). NR 17 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 24 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 169 IS 8 BP 2430 EP 2441 DI 10.1007/s12010-013-0154-x PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 113QT UT WOS:000316683400017 PM 23456280 ER PT J AU Grinnan, R Carter, TE Johnson, MTJ AF Grinnan, Rose Carter, Thomas E., Jr. Johnson, Marc T. J. TI Effects of drought, temperature, herbivory, and genotype on plant-insect interactions in soybean (Glycine max) SO ARTHROPOD-PLANT INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article DE Herbivore resistance; Legume; Plant defense; Plant stress hypothesis; Pulsed stress hypothesis; Wilt avoidance ID RECENT CLIMATE-CHANGE; PRIMROSE OENOTHERA-BIENNIS; GLOBAL-CHANGE; BEETLE RESISTANCE; IPOMOEA-HEDERACEA; UNITED-STATES; WATER-STRESS; COMMUNITY; RESPONSES; REGISTRATION AB Climate change is predicted to cause continued increases in global temperatures, greater variability in precipitation and in some cases, more frequent insect pest outbreaks. Here we seek to understand how abiotic and biotic stresses associated with climate change can affect plant-herbivore interactions in a model crop species (soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr.) by answering three questions: (1) Do the combined effects of abiotic and biotic stresses associated with climate change cause synergistic negative effects on plant biomass? (2) Can abiotic stress affect resistance of plants to insect herbivores? (3) Does genetic variation in plant traits modify a plant's response to stress? We performed three experiments in controlled growth environments using up to 51 soybean genotypes selected to vary in numerous traits associated with drought and resistance against pests (e.g., insect herbivores, nematodes, and pathogenic fungi), and up to 3 generalist-feeding herbivorous noctuid moth species (Helicoverpa zea, Heliothis virescens, and Spodoptera exigua) that commonly feed on soybean in North America. Drought and herbivory had the largest and the most consistent negative effects on plant performance, reducing the above- and below-ground biomass by 10-45 %, whereas increased temperature had little to no effect on plants. Drought also increased susceptibility to generalist noctuid herbivores, but these results varied dramatically in magnitude and direction among plant genotypes. Our experiments show that the effects of abiotic and biotic stress on soybean biomass were largely due to the additive effects of these stresses, and there exists substantial genetic variation in the soybean germplasm pool we studied that could be used as a source of parental stock in breeding new crops that can more effectively tolerate and resist the combined negative effects of insect herbivory and drought. C1 [Grinnan, Rose] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Carter, Thomas E., Jr.] ARS, USDA, Raleigh, NC USA. [Johnson, Marc T. J.] Univ Toronto, Dept Biol, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada. RP Johnson, MTJ (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dept Biol, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada. EM marc.johnson@utoronto.ca FU USDA-ARS; North Carolina State University; NSERC Discovery grant; Canadian Foundation for Innovation; Ontario Government FX We thank the staff at the NCSU Phytotron and NCSU Method Road Greenhouse Facility who provided logistical support with experiments, especially Janet Shurtleff, Carole Saravitz, and Neal Robertson. Fred Gould supplied Heliothis virescens for Experiments 1 and 2. The USDA-ARS supplied seeds, and additional seed suppliers are identified in Online Supplemental Table 1. Ashley Childress, Diego Carmona, Erika Hersch-Green, Cassi Myburg, Robert San Miguel, and Nash Turley provided assistance with experiments. C. Thomsen provided comments on an earlier draft of the paper. This research was funded by USDA-ARS (TEC), North Carolina State University (RG, MTJJ), an NSERC Discovery grant, the Canadian Foundation for Innovation, and the Ontario Government (MTJJ). NR 90 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 135 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1872-8855 J9 ARTHROPOD-PLANT INTE JI Arthropod-Plant Interact. PD APR PY 2013 VL 7 IS 2 BP 201 EP 215 DI 10.1007/s11829-012-9234-z PG 15 WC Ecology; Entomology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Entomology GA 115OU UT WOS:000316822500008 ER PT J AU Iskandar, AR Liu, C Smith, DE Hu, KQ Choi, SW Ausman, LM Wang, XD AF Iskandar, Anita R. Liu, Chun Smith, Donald E. Hu, Kang-Quan Choi, Sang-Woon Ausman, Lynne M. Wang, Xiang-Dong TI beta-Cryptoxanthin Restores Nicotine-Reduced Lung SIRT1 to Normal Levels and Inhibits Nicotine-Promoted Lung Tumorigenesis and Emphysema in A/J Mice SO CANCER PREVENTION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE; CIGARETTE-SMOKE; RETINOIC ACID; MOUSE MODEL; DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION; SQUAMOUS METAPLASIA; RAR-BETA; CANCER; EXPRESSION; INFLAMMATION AB Nicotine, a large constituent of cigarette smoke, is associated with an increased risk of lung cancer, but the data supporting this relationship are inconsistent. Here, we found that nicotine treatment not only induced emphysema but also increased both lung tumor multiplicity and volume in 4-nitrosamino-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK)-initiated lung cancer in A/J mice. This tumor-promoting effect of nicotine was accompanied by significant reductions in survival probability and lung Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) expression, which has been proposed as a tumor suppressor. The decreased level of SIRT1 was associated with increased levels of AKT phosphorylation and interleukin (il)-6 mRNA but decreased tumor suppressor p53 and retinoic acid receptor (RAR)-beta mRNA levels in the lungs. Using this mouse model, we then determined whether beta-cryptoxanthin (BCX), a xanthophyll that is strongly associated with a reduced risk of lung cancer in several cohort studies, can inhibit nicotine-induced emphysema and lung tumorigenesis. We found that BCX supplementation at two different doses was associated with reductions of the nicotine-promoted lung tumor multiplicity and volume, as well as emphysema in mice treated with both NNK and nicotine. Moreover, BCX supplementation restored the nicotine-suppressed expression of lung SIRT1, p53, and RAR-beta to that of the control group, increased survival probability, and decreased the levels of lung il-6 mRNA and phosphorylation of AKT. The present study indicates that BCX is a preventive agent against emphysema and lung cancer with SIRT1 as a potential target. In addition, our study establishes a relevant animal lung cancer model for studying tumor growth within emphysematous microenvironments. Cancer Prev Res; 6(4); 309-20. (c) 2012 AACR. C1 [Iskandar, Anita R.; Liu, Chun; Hu, Kang-Quan; Ausman, Lynne M.; Wang, Xiang-Dong] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr & Canc Biol Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Smith, Donald E.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Comparat Biol Unit, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Choi, Sang-Woon] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Vitamins & Carcinogenesis Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Iskandar, Anita R.; Choi, Sang-Woon; Ausman, Lynne M.; Wang, Xiang-Dong] Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Wang, XD (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr & Canc Biol Lab, 711 Washington St,Room 514, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM xiang-dong.wang@tufts.edu FU NIH [CA104932]; U.S. Department of Agriculture [1950-51000-064S] FX The study was supported by the NIH grant CA104932 and the U.S. Department of Agriculture grant 1950-51000-064S. NR 54 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1940-6207 J9 CANCER PREV RES JI Cancer Prev. Res. PD APR PY 2013 VL 6 IS 4 BP 309 EP 320 DI 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-12-0368 PG 12 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 118QP UT WOS:000317040800008 PM 23275008 ER PT J AU Augustine, DJ Baker, BW AF Augustine, David J. Baker, Bruce W. TI Associations of Grassland Bird Communities with Black-Tailed Prairie Dogs in the North American Great Plains SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE keystone species; multiple ecosystem services; northern mixed prairie; prairie dog conservation; rangeland biodiversity; semiarid grasslands; spatial heterogeneity ID WINTERING FERRUGINOUS HAWKS; ECOSYSTEM ENGINEERS; RODENT COMMUNITIES; SHORTGRASS STEPPE; MOUNTAIN PLOVERS; BURROWING OWLS; COLONIES; HETEROGENEITY; HABITAT; CONSERVATION AB Colonial burrowing herbivores can modify vegetation structure, create belowground refugia, and generate landscape heterogeneity, thereby affecting the distribution and abundance of associated species. Black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) are such a species, and they may strongly affect the abundance and composition of grassland bird communities. We examined how prairie dog colonies in the North American Great Plains affect bird species and community composition. Areas occupied by prairie dogs, characterized by low percent cover of grass, high percent cover of bare soil, and low vegetation height and density, supported a breeding bird community that differed substantially from surrounding areas that lacked prairie dogs. Bird communities on colony sites had significantly greater densities of large-bodied carnivores (Burrowing Owls [Athene cunicularia], Mountain Plovers, [Charadrius montanus], and Killdeer [Charadrius vociferus]) and omnivores consisting of Horned Larks (Eremophila alpestris) and McCown's Longspurs (Rhynchophanes mccownii) than bird communities off colony sites. Bird communities off colony sites were dominated by small-bodied insectivorous sparrows (Ammodramus spp.) and omnivorous Lark Buntings (Calamospiza melanocorys), Vesper Sparrows (Pooecetes gramineus), and Lark Sparrows (Chondestes grammacus). Densities of 3 species of conservation concern and 1 game species were significantly higher on colony sites than off colony sites, and the strength of prairie dog effects was consistent across the northern Great Plains. Vegetation modification by prairie dogs sustains a diverse suite of bird species in these grasslands. Collectively, our findings and those from previous studies show that areas in the North American Great Plains with prairie dog colonies support higher densities of at least 9 vertebrate species than sites without colonies. Prairie dogs affect habitat for these species through multiple pathways, including creation of belowground refugia, supply of prey for specialized predators, modification of vegetation structure within colonies, and increased landscape heterogeneity. C1 [Augustine, David J.] ARS, USDA, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Baker, Bruce W.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Augustine, DJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM david.augustine@ars.usda.gov NR 55 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 106 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0888-8892 J9 CONSERV BIOL JI Conserv. Biol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 27 IS 2 BP 324 EP 334 DI 10.1111/cobi.12013 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 113UN UT WOS:000316694600011 PM 23330695 ER PT J AU Nunez, TA Lawler, JJ Mcrae, BH Pierce, DJ Krosby, MB Kavanagh, DM Singleton, PH Tewksbury, JJ AF Nunez, Tristan A. Lawler, Joshua J. Mcrae, Brad H. Pierce, D. John Krosby, Meade B. Kavanagh, Darren M. Singleton, Peter H. Tewksbury, Joshua J. TI Connectivity Planning to Address Climate Change SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE adaptation; climate gradients; coarse-filter approach; conservation planning; corridors; reserve design ID DISPERSAL CORRIDORS; CAPE PROTEACEAE; CHANGE IMPACTS; BIODIVERSITY; LANDSCAPES; MANAGEMENT AB As the climate changes, human land use may impede species from tracking areas with suitable climates. Maintaining connectivity between areas of different temperatures could allow organisms to move along temperature gradients and allow species to continue to occupy the same temperature space as the climate warms. We used a coarse-filter approach to identify broad corridors for movement between areas where human influence is low while simultaneously routing the corridors along present-day spatial gradients of temperature. We modified a costdistance algorithm to model these corridors and tested the model with data on current land-use and climate patterns in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. The resulting maps identified a network of patches and corridors across which species may move as climates change. The corridors are likely to be robust to uncertainty in the magnitude and direction of future climate change because they are derived from gradients and land-use patterns. The assumptions we applied in our model simplified the stability of temperature gradients and species responses to climate change and land use, but the model is flexible enough to be tailored to specific regions by incorporating other climate variables or movement costs. When used at appropriate resolutions, our approach may be of value to local, regional, and continental conservation initiatives seeking to promote species movements in a changing climate. C1 [Nunez, Tristan A.; Lawler, Joshua J.; Singleton, Peter H.] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. [Nunez, Tristan A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Management & Policy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Mcrae, Brad H.; Kavanagh, Darren M.] Nature Conservancy, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. [Pierce, D. John] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Olympia, WA 98501 USA. [Krosby, Meade B.; Tewksbury, Joshua J.] Univ Washington, Dept Biol, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. [Singleton, Peter H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. RP Nunez, TA (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. EM tristan.nunez@gmail.com FU Wilburforce Foundation; Department of the Interior Great Northern and North Pacific Landscape Conservation Cooperatives; School of Environment and Forest Sciences at the University of Washington; ARCS Foundation; National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program [11582]; Wildlife Conservation Society through its Wildlife Action Opportunities Fund FX We thank E. Fleishman, E. Main, and 4 anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments, and L. Dermer, C. Austin, and C. Hojnowski for commenting on earlier drafts. We thank the Washington Wildlife Habitat Connectivity Working Group for data and input. Funding was provided by the Wilburforce Foundation, the Department of the Interior Great Northern and North Pacific Landscape Conservation Cooperatives, the School of Environment and Forest Sciences at the University of Washington, the ARCS Foundation, and the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program (grant 11582). Support also came from the Wildlife Conservation Society through its Wildlife Action Opportunities Fund, made possible by the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation. NR 45 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 9 U2 136 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0888-8892 J9 CONSERV BIOL JI Conserv. Biol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 27 IS 2 BP 407 EP 416 DI 10.1111/cobi.12014 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 113UN UT WOS:000316694600019 PM 23410037 ER PT J AU Cushman, SA Shirk, AJ Landguth, EL AF Cushman, Samuel A. Shirk, Andrew J. Landguth, Erin L. TI Landscape genetics and limiting factors SO CONSERVATION GENETICS LA English DT Article DE Landscape genetics; Limiting factors; CDPOP; Fragmentation thresholds; Simulation modeling ID MARTEN MARTES-AMERICANA; POPULATION-GENETICS; HABITAT LOSS; COMPLEX LANDSCAPES; MOVEMENT BEHAVIOR; MANTEL TEST; FRAGMENTATION; FLOW; CONNECTIVITY; EXTINCTION AB Population connectivity is mediated by the movement of organisms or propagules through landscapes. However, little is known about how variation in the pattern of landscape mosaics affects the detectability of landscape genetic relationships. The goal of this paper is to explore the impacts of limiting factors on landscape genetic processes using simulation modeling. We used spatially explicit, individual-based simulation modeling to quantify the effects of habitat area, fragmentation and the contrast in resistance between habitat and non-habitat on the apparent strength and statistical detectability of landscape genetic relationships. We found that landscape genetic effects are often not detectable when habitat is highly connected. In such situations landscape structure does not limit gene flow. We also found that contrast in resistance values between habitat and non-habitat interacts with habitat extensiveness and fragmentation to affect detectability of landscape genetic relationships. Thus, the influence of landscape features critical to providing connectivity may not be detectable if gene flow is not limited by spatial patterns or resistance contrast of these features. We developed regression equations that reliably predict whether or not isolation by resistance will be detected independently of isolation by distance as a function of habitat fragmentation and contrast in resistance between habitat and non-habitat. C1 [Cushman, Samuel A.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Shirk, Andrew J.] Univ Washington, JISAO Climate Impacts Grp, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Landguth, Erin L.] Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. RP Cushman, SA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 2500 S Pine Knoll Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. EM scushman@fs.fed.us; ashirk@u.washington.edu; erin.landguth@mso.umt.edu NR 74 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 9 U2 156 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1566-0621 J9 CONSERV GENET JI Conserv. Genet. PD APR PY 2013 VL 14 IS 2 SI SI BP 263 EP 274 DI 10.1007/s10592-012-0396-0 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity GA 119DD UT WOS:000317076500003 ER PT J AU Zielinski, WJ Schlexer, FV Parks, SA Pilgrim, KL Schwartz, MK AF Zielinski, William J. Schlexer, Fredrick V. Parks, Sean A. Pilgrim, Kristine L. Schwartz, Michael K. TI Small geographic range but not panmictic: how forests structure the endangered Point Arena mountain beaver (Aplodontia rufa nigra) SO CONSERVATION GENETICS LA English DT Article DE Landscape genetics; Genetic substructure; Mountain beaver; Aplodontia rufa; California ID EFFECTIVE POPULATION-SIZE; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; ALLELE FREQUENCY DATA; LANDSCAPE GENETICS; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; PROGRAM; HABITAT; MARKERS; AMPLIFICATION AB The landscape genetics framework is typically applied to broad regions that occupy only small portions of a species' range. Rarely is the entire range of a taxon the subject of study. We examined the landscape genetic structure of the endangered Point Arena mountain beaver (Aplodontia rufa nigra), whose isolated geographic range is found in a restricted (85 km(2)) but heterogenous region in California. Based on its diminutive range we may predict widespread gene flow and a relatively weak role for landscape variation in defining genetic structure. We used skin, bone, tissue and noninvasively collected hair samples to describe genetic substructure and model gene flow. We examined spatial partitioning of multilocus DNA genotypes and mitochondrial DNA haplotypes. We identified 3 groups from microsatellite data, all of which had low estimates of effective population size consistent with significant tests for historical bottlenecks. We used least-cost-path analysis with the microsatellites to examine how vegetation type affects gene flow in a landscape genetics framework. Gene flow was best predicted by a model with "Forest" as the most permeable, followed by "Riparian". Agricultural lands demonstrated the highest resistance. MtDNA data revealed only two haplotypes: one was represented in all 57 individuals that occurred north of the east-west flowing Garcia River. South of the river, however, both haplotypes occurred, often at the same site suggesting that the river may have affected historical patterns of genetic divergence. C1 [Zielinski, William J.; Schlexer, Fredrick V.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Parks, Sean A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Aldo Leopold Wilderness Res Inst, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. [Pilgrim, Kristine L.; Schwartz, Michael K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. RP Zielinski, WJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. EM bzielinski@fs.fed.us RI Schwartz, Michael/C-3184-2014 OI Schwartz, Michael/0000-0003-3521-3367 FU Arcata office of the US Fish and Wildlife Service; Pacific Southwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service FX We gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Arcata office of the US Fish and Wildlife Service and the assistance of Robin Hamlin and John Hunter. The Pacific Southwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service, also contributed financial support for this study. Renee Pasquinelli (California Department of Parks and Recreation) provided administrative support. We appreciate the field assistance of Angela Liebenberg, Robert Douglas, Nina A. Nahvi, and Skylar C. Giordano. Kaytee Redfern helped in the laboratory and Janet Werren assisted with developing figures. Access to land was facilitated by Marty Hillscan and William Marshall (City of Point Arena), Matt Matijczyk (Point Arena Tileworks), Denise and Andy Fisher, the McConnell family, Steve Miller and the Mendocino Redwood Company. We thank John Hunter for edits on an earlier version of the manuscript. The research was authorized under Federal Fish and Wildlife Permit #TE080774-3 and California state permit #801091-04. NR 55 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 38 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1566-0621 J9 CONSERV GENET JI Conserv. Genet. PD APR PY 2013 VL 14 IS 2 SI SI BP 369 EP 383 DI 10.1007/s10592-012-0387-1 PG 15 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity GA 119DD UT WOS:000317076500012 ER PT J AU Wasserman, TN Cushman, SA Littell, JS Shirk, AJ Landguth, EL AF Wasserman, Tzeidle N. Cushman, Samuel A. Littell, Jeremy S. Shirk, Andrew J. Landguth, Erin L. TI Population connectivity and genetic diversity of American marten (Martes americana) in the United States northern Rocky Mountains in a climate change context SO CONSERVATION GENETICS LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Population connectivity; Gene flow; Genetic diversity; American marten; Martes americana ID INBREEDING DEPRESSION; EXTINCTION RISK; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; SPECIES DISTRIBUTIONS; COMPLEX LANDSCAPES; CONSERVATION; DISPERSAL; CORRIDORS; INFERENCE; WILD AB Climate change is likely to alter population connectivity, particularly for species associated with higher elevation environments. The goal of this study is to predict the potential effects of future climate change on population connectivity and genetic diversity of American marten populations across a 30.2 million hectare region of the in the US northern Rocky Mountains. We use a landscape resistance model validated from empirical landscape genetics modeling to predict the current and expected future extent and fragmentation of American marten dispersal habitat under five climate change scenarios, corresponding to climatic warming of between 0.7 and 3.3 A degrees C, consistent with expected climate change by year 2080. We predict the regions of the current and future landscapes where gene flow is expected to be governed by isolation by distance and the regions where population fragmentation is expected to limit gene flow. Finally, we predict changes in the strength and location of predicted movement corridors, fracture zones and the location of dispersal barriers across the study area in each scenario. We found that under the current climate, gene flow is predicted to be limited primarily by distance (isolation), and landscape structure does not significantly limit gene flow, resulting in very high genetic diversity over most of the study area. Projected climatic warming substantially reduces the extent and increases the fragmentation of marten populations in the western and northwestern parts of the study area. In contrast, climate change is not predicted to fragment the extensive higher elevation mountain massifs in central Idaho, the northern U.S. continental divide, and Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. In addition, we show locations in the study area that are important corridors in the current landscape that remain intact across the climate change scenarios. C1 [Wasserman, Tzeidle N.] No Arizona Univ, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Cushman, Samuel A.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Littell, Jeremy S.; Shirk, Andrew J.] Univ Washington, Climate Impacts Grp, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Landguth, Erin L.] Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. RP Cushman, SA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 2500 S Pine Knoll Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. EM scushman@fs.fed.us NR 49 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 7 U2 110 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1566-0621 J9 CONSERV GENET JI Conserv. Genet. PD APR PY 2013 VL 14 IS 2 SI SI BP 529 EP 541 DI 10.1007/s10592-012-0336-z PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity GA 119DD UT WOS:000317076500023 ER PT J AU Lind, EM Borer, E Seabloom, E Adler, P Bakker, JD Blumenthal, DM Crawley, M Davies, K Firn, J Gruner, DS Harpole, WS Hautier, Y Hillebrand, H Knops, J Melbourne, B Mortensen, B Risch, AC Schuetz, M Stevens, C Wragg, PD AF Lind, Eric M. Borer, Elizabeth Seabloom, Eric Adler, Peter Bakker, Jonathan D. Blumenthal, Dana M. Crawley, Mick Davies, Kendi Firn, Jennifer Gruner, Daniel S. Harpole, W. Stanley Hautier, Yann Hillebrand, Helmut Knops, Johannes Melbourne, Brett Mortensen, Brent Risch, Anita C. Schuetz, Martin Stevens, Carly Wragg, Peter D. TI Life-history constraints in grassland plant species: a growth-defence trade-off is the norm SO ECOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Coexistence; competition-defence hypothesis; life history; mammalian herbivory; Nutrient Network (NutNet); resource limitation; tolerance; top-down bottom-up; trade-offs ID RESOURCE AVAILABILITY; STRATEGY THEORIES; COMPETITION; HERBIVORY; RESISTANCE; DIVERSITY; FORESTS; BIODIVERSITY; METAANALYSIS; MAINTENANCE AB Plant growth can be limited by resource acquisition and defence against consumers, leading to contrasting trade-off possibilities. The competition-defence hypothesis posits a trade-off between competitive ability and defence against enemies (e.g. herbivores and pathogens). The growth-defence hypothesis suggests that strong competitors for nutrients are also defended against enemies, at a cost to growth rate. We tested these hypotheses using observations of 706 plant populations of over 500 species before and following identical fertilisation and fencing treatments at 39 grassland sites worldwide. Strong positive covariance in species responses to both treatments provided support for a growth-defence trade-off: populations that increased with the removal of nutrient limitation (poor competitors) also increased following removal of consumers. This result held globally across 4years within plant life-history groups and within the majority of individual sites. Thus, a growth-defence trade-off appears to be the norm, and mechanisms maintaining grassland biodiversity may operate within this constraint. C1 [Lind, Eric M.; Borer, Elizabeth; Seabloom, Eric; Hautier, Yann; Wragg, Peter D.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Adler, Peter] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Adler, Peter] Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Bakker, Jonathan D.] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Blumenthal, Dana M.] USDA ARS, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Crawley, Mick] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Ascot SL5 7PY, Berks, England. [Davies, Kendi; Melbourne, Brett] Univ Colorado, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Firn, Jennifer] Queensland Univ Technol, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia. [Gruner, Daniel S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Harpole, W. Stanley; Mortensen, Brent] Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Hautier, Yann] Univ Zurich, Inst Evolutionary Biol & Environm Studies, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. [Hillebrand, Helmut] Carl von Ossietzky Univ Oldenburg, Inst Chem & Biol Marine Environm ICBM, D-26382 Wilhelmshaven, Germany. [Knops, Johannes] Univ Nebraska, Cedar Point Biol Stn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Risch, Anita C.; Schuetz, Martin] Swiss Fed Inst Forest Snow & Landscape Res, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland. [Stevens, Carly] Univ Lancaster, Lancaster Environm Ctr, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, England. RP Lind, EM (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM elind@umn.edu RI Wragg, Peter/C-8385-2009; Bakker, Jonathan/I-6960-2013; Gruner, Daniel/A-5166-2010; Harpole, William/C-2814-2013; Hillebrand, Helmut/I-1717-2014; Hautier, Yann/D-5426-2015; Adler, Peter/D-3781-2009; Risch, Anita/A-9836-2012 OI Lind, Eric/0000-0003-3051-7724; Borer, Elizabeth/0000-0003-2259-5853; Firn, Jennifer/0000-0001-6026-8912; Seabloom, Eric/0000-0001-6780-9259; Wragg, Peter/0000-0003-2361-4286; Gruner, Daniel/0000-0002-3153-4297; Harpole, William/0000-0002-3404-9174; Hillebrand, Helmut/0000-0001-7449-1613; Hautier, Yann/0000-0003-4347-7741; Risch, Anita/0000-0003-0531-8336 NR 50 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 17 U2 190 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1461-023X EI 1461-0248 J9 ECOL LETT JI Ecol. Lett. PD APR PY 2013 VL 16 IS 4 BP 513 EP 521 DI 10.1111/ele.12078 PG 9 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 112YC UT WOS:000316630200012 PM 23347060 ER PT J AU Wu, JX Bondalapati, K Glover, K Berzonsky, W Jenkins, JN McCarty, JC AF Wu, Jixiang Bondalapati, Krishna Glover, Karl Berzonsky, William Jenkins, Johnie N. McCarty, Jack C. TI Genetic analysis without replications: model evaluation and application in spring wheat SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE Extended additive-dominance model; Model evaluation; Spring wheat; Variance components ID CHROMOSOME SUBSTITUTION LINES; UPLAND COTTON CULTIVARS; FIELD EXPERIMENTS; NEIGHBOR MODEL; TRAITS; FIBER; POPULATIONS; COMPONENTS; TOPCROSSES; DOMINANCE AB Genetic data collected from various plant breeding and genetic studies may not be replicated in field designs although field variation is always present. In this study, we addressed this problem using spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) trial data collected from two locations. There were no intralocation replications and an extended additive-dominance (AD) model was used to account for field variation. We numerically evaluated the data from simulations and estimated the variance components. For demonstration purposes we also analyzed three agronomic traits from the actual spring wheat data set. Results showed that these data could be effectively analyzed using an extended AD model, which was more comparable to a conventional AD model. Actual data analysis revealed that grain yield was significantly influenced by systematic field variation. Additive effects were significant for all traits and dominance effects were significant for plant height and time-to-flowering. Genetic effects were predicted and used to demonstrate that most spring wheat lines developed by the South Dakota State University breeding program (SD lines) exhibited good general combining ability effects for yield improvement. Thus, this study provides a general framework to appropriately analyze data in situations where field crop data are collected from non-replicated designs. C1 [Wu, Jixiang; Bondalapati, Krishna; Glover, Karl; Berzonsky, William] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Bondalapati, Krishna] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Jenkins, Johnie N.; McCarty, Jack C.] ARS, Crop Sci Res Lab, USDA, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Wu, JX (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. EM Jixiang.wu@sdstate.edu NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 18 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD APR PY 2013 VL 190 IS 3 BP 447 EP 458 DI 10.1007/s10681-012-0835-5 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 114QW UT WOS:000316758300011 ER PT J AU Zeng, LH Wu, JX Bechere, E AF Zeng, Linghe Wu, Jixiang Bechere, Efrem TI Genetic effects and genetic values of fiber properties in F-2 and F-3 hybrids between germplasm lines and high yield cultivars SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE Additive dominant model; Cotton; Genetic effects; Genetic association; Fiber properties ID UPLAND COTTON; VARIANCE-COMPONENTS; COMBINING ABILITY; LINKAGE BLOCKS; F2 HYBRIDS; REGISTRATION; IMPROVEMENT; POPULATION; QUALITY; BREAKUP AB Utilization of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) germplasm for genetic improvement of fiber properties requires determination of genetic effects in the germplasm lines. A study was designed to analyze genetic populations derived from multiple crosses between nine germplasm lines as male parents and five cultivars and elite breeding lines as female parents to determine genetic values of fiber properties. Parents and F-2 populations were planted at 2 field sites in 2010 and 2011 with 4 and 3 replicates, respectively, and parents and F-3 populations were planted at 2 field sites in 2011 with 3 replicates. Lint yield and seven fiber properties were analyzed by an additive and dominant model with genotype by environment interaction effects. Significant additive and dominant effects were identified for both lint yield and fiber properties. Germplasm lines JC60, JC65, JC186, and SP205 were good general combiners for micronaire, elongation, strength, 50 % span length, short fiber content, and fineness. Six to fifteen crosses were detected with favorable heterozygous dominant effects for lint yield and diverse fiber traits, which suggest useful heterosis of these hybrids. Favorable additive correlations were identified between fiber properties such as micronaire versus 50 % span length (-0.57), micronaire versus fineness (0.82), strength versus 50 % span length (0.54), strength versus short fiber content (-0.69), and 50 % span length versus short fiber content (-0.78) while unfavorable additive correlations were not identified among fiber properties. These results indicated potential of simultaneous genetic improvement for these multiple properties in breeding populations derived from these germplasm lines. C1 [Zeng, Linghe; Bechere, Efrem] ARS, USDA, Crop Genet Res Unit, Delta Res Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Wu, Jixiang] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. RP Zeng, LH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Genet Res Unit, Delta Res Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM linghe.zeng@ARS.USDA.GOV FU USDA-ARS [6402-21000-033-00D]; Agricultural Experiment Station of South Dakota State University FX This research was funded by USDA-ARS, Project No. 6402-21000-033-00D and supported by the Agricultural Experiment Station of South Dakota State University. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD APR PY 2013 VL 190 IS 3 BP 459 EP 469 DI 10.1007/s10681-012-0838-2 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 114QW UT WOS:000316758300012 ER PT J AU Johnson, CR Thavarajah, D Combs, GF Thavarajah, P AF Johnson, Casey R. Thavarajah, Dil Combs, Gerald F., Jr. Thavarajah, Pushparajah TI Lentil (Lens culinaris L.): A prebiotic-rich whole food legume SO FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Prebiotic; Lentil; Raffinose; Sorbitol; Nystose; Resistant starch ID RESISTANT STARCH; CLINICAL-TRIAL; DIETARY FIBER; WESTERN DIET; MICROBIOTA; OLIGOFRUCTOSE; INULIN; OLIGOSACCHARIDES; INGREDIENTS; HEALTH AB Prebiotic carbohydrates are important components of healthy diets, supporting healthful hindgut microflora. Lentils grown in North Dakota, USA were evaluated for their prebiotic carbohydrates. Raffinose-family oligosaccharides (RFO), sugar alcohols, fructooligosaccharides (FOS), and resistant starch (RS) carbohydrates were analyzed in 10 commercial lentil varieties grown in Ward and McLean Counties in 2010 and 2011. Mean concentrations of RFO, sugar alcohols, FOS and RS were 4071 mg, 1423 mg, 62 mg, and 7.5 g 100 g(-1) dry matter, respectively. Significant variations were observed in lentil prebiotic carbohydrate concentrations: RFO concentrations varied with variety, RS varied with location, and sorbitol and mannitol each varied with both variety and location. These results show that lentils contain nutritionally significant amounts of prebiotic carbohydrates and, that it may be possible to enhance those amounts through breeding and locational sourcing. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Johnson, Casey R.; Thavarajah, Dil; Thavarajah, Pushparajah] N Dakota State Univ, Sch Food Syst, Dept 7640, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Combs, Gerald F., Jr.] USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. RP Thavarajah, D (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Sch Food Syst, Dept 7640, 223 Harris Hall,POB 6050, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. EM dilrukshi.thavarajah@ndsu.edu FU Northern Pulse Growers Association; New Faculty Startup Research Grants from the NDSU Agriculture Experiment Station, ND, USA FX We also thank Dr. Kevin McPhee and the NDSU Agriculture Experiment Station for proving lentil seed samples. Support for this research was provided by the Northern Pulse Growers Association and New Faculty Startup Research Grants from the NDSU Agriculture Experiment Station, ND, USA. NR 54 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 43 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0963-9969 J9 FOOD RES INT JI Food Res. Int. PD APR PY 2013 VL 51 IS 1 BP 107 EP 113 DI 10.1016/j.foodres.2012.11.025 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 115WR UT WOS:000316843100014 ER PT J AU Hse, CY Shupe, TF Yu, B AF Hse, Chung Y. Shupe, Todd F. Yu, Bin TI Rapid microwave-assisted acid extraction of southern pine waste wood to remove metals from chromated copper arsenate (CCA) treatment SO HOLZFORSCHUNG LA English DT Article DE binary acid solution; CCA-treated wood; microwave extraction ID TREATED WOOD; OXALIC-ACID; CHELATING EXTRACTION; PHOSPHORIC-ACID; ORGANIC-ACIDS; CHROMIUM; CELLULOSE; PRESERVATIVES; BIOXALATE; CHEMISTRY AB Recovery of metals from chromated copper arsenate (CCA)-treated southern pine wood particles was investigated by extraction in a microwave reactor with binary combinations of acetic acid (AA), oxalic acid (OxA), and phosphoric acid (PhA). Use of OxA was not successful, as insoluble copper oxalate complexes impeded copper removal. The combination of OxA and AA also had adverse effects on copper extraction. In contrast, the combination of AA and PhA enhanced the chromium recovery rate. The highest recovery rate of metals could be achieved with a mixture of 2.75% PhA and 0.5% AA at 130 degrees C for 10 min in the microwave oven. The total recovery rate approached 100% for arsenic, 96.7% for chromium, and 98.6% for copper in a one-step process. C1 [Hse, Chung Y.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. [Shupe, Todd F.; Yu, Bin] Louisiana State Univ, AgCtr, Louisiana Forest Prod Dev Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Hse, CY (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. EM chse@fs.fed.us NR 32 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 12 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0018-3830 J9 HOLZFORSCHUNG JI Holzforschung PD APR PY 2013 VL 67 IS 3 BP 285 EP 290 DI 10.1515/hf-2012-0073 PG 6 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 116IU UT WOS:000316877000007 ER PT J AU Lopez-Martinez, G Hight, SD Carpenter, JE Hahn, DA AF Lopez-Martinez, G. Hight, S. D. Carpenter, J. E. Hahn, D. A. TI Physiological conditioning hormesis improves post-irradiation organismal and sexual performance SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology (SICB) CY JAN 03-07, 2013 CL San Francisco, CA SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol (SICB) C1 Univ Florida, USDA, ARS, Tallahassee, FL USA. ARS, USDA, Tifton, GA USA. EM gc.lopez@ufl.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1540-7063 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 53 SU 1 BP E131 EP E131 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 117ZG UT WOS:000316991401057 ER PT J AU Owings, AA Yocum, G Rinehart, J Kemp, W Greenlee, K AF Owings, A. A. Yocum, G. Rinehart, J. Kemp, W. Greenlee, K. TI Critical PO2 of developing Megachile rotundata, the alfalfa leaf-cutting bee SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology (SICB) CY JAN 03-07, 2013 CL San Francisco, CA SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol (SICB) C1 N Dakota State Univ, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. USDA ARS, Red River Valley Agr Res Ctr, Fargo, ND USA. EM aowings27@hotmail.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1540-7063 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 53 SU 1 BP E348 EP E348 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 117ZG UT WOS:000316991402449 ER PT J AU Rowell, TR Seale, LA Seale, AP Banuelos, GS Grau, EG Riley, LG AF Rowell, T. R. Seale, L. A. Seale, A. P. Banuelos, G. S. Grau, E. G. Riley, L. G. TI Effects of Selenium-enriched meal on growth performance, endocrine control of growth and selenoprotein expression in tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology (SICB) CY JAN 03-07, 2013 CL San Francisco, CA SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol (SICB) C1 Calif State Univ Fresno, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. ARS, USDA, Washington, DC USA. EM temperance15@mail.fresnostate.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1540-7063 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 53 SU 1 BP E185 EP E185 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 117ZG UT WOS:000316991401276 ER PT J AU Srygley, RB AF Srygley, R. B. TI Dietary effects on enzymatic immunity of migrating Mormon crickets SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology (SICB) CY JAN 03-07, 2013 CL San Francisco, CA SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol (SICB) C1 [Srygley, R. B.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM robert.srygley@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1540-7063 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 53 SU 1 BP E206 EP E206 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 117ZG UT WOS:000316991401358 ER PT J AU Torson, AS Kemp, WP Rinehart, JP Yocum, GD Bowsher, JH AF Torson, A. S. Kemp, W. P. Rinehart, J. P. Yocum, G. D. Bowsher, J. H. TI Seasonal Timing and Gene Expression in the Blue Orchard Bee Osmia lignaria SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology (SICB) CY JAN 03-07, 2013 CL San Francisco, CA SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol (SICB) C1 N Dakota State Univ, Fargo, ND USA. N Dakota State Univ, USDA, ARS, Red River Valley Agr Res Ctr, Fargo, ND USA. EM Alex.S.Torson@ndsu.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1540-7063 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 53 SU 1 BP E381 EP E381 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 117ZG UT WOS:000316991402584 ER PT J AU Chiou, BS Jafri, H Avena-Bustillos, R Gregorski, KS Bechtel, PJ Imam, SH Glenn, GM Orts, WJ AF Chiou, Bor-Sen Jafri, Haani Avena-Bustillos, Roberto Gregorski, Kay S. Bechtel, Peter J. Imam, Syed H. Glenn, Greg M. Orts, William J. TI Properties of electrospun pollock gelatin/poly(vinyl alcohol) and pollock gelatin/poly(lactic acid) fibers SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article DE Fish gelatin; Electrospinning; Nanofibers; Poly(vinyl alcohol); Poly(lactic acid) ID GELATIN NANOFIBERS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; SCAFFOLDS; FABRICATION; REGENERATION; COMPOSITES; MEMBRANES; MATRICES; SOLVENT AB Pollock gelatin/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) fibers were electrospun using deionized water as the solvent and pollock gelatin/poly(lactic acid) (PLA) fibers were electrospun using 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol (HHP) as the solvent. The chemical, thermal, and thermal stability properties were examined for the electrospun samples. The electrospun PVA samples generally had thinner and more uniform fibers than the electrospun PLA samples. For the PVA samples, an increase in total solids content and PVA to gelatin ratio generally resulted in higher average fiber diameter values and wider diameter distributions. Pollock gelatin in both types of electrospun samples remained amorphous. The PVA in electrospun samples had comparable melting temperatures to that of neat PVA, whereas the PLA in electrospun samples had slightly lower melting temperatures than that of neat PLA. Also, the PLA in electrospun samples had crystallization temperatures approximately 30 degrees C lower than that in neat PLA. This was due to better alignment of PLA chains during electrospinning, which resulted in the chains being more readily crystallized at lower temperatures. In addition, the electrospun PVA samples completely dissolved in water at room temperature after soaking for one day, whereas the electrospun PLA samples remained intact even after soaking for three days. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Chiou, Bor-Sen; Jafri, Haani; Avena-Bustillos, Roberto; Gregorski, Kay S.; Imam, Syed H.; Glenn, Greg M.; Orts, William J.] USDA WRRC ARS, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Avena-Bustillos, Roberto] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Bechtel, Peter J.] Univ Alaska, USDA ARS Subarct Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. RP Chiou, BS (reprint author), USDA WRRC ARS, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM bor-sen.chiou@ars.usda.gov NR 42 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 72 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0141-8130 J9 INT J BIOL MACROMOL JI Int. J. Biol. Macromol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 55 BP 214 EP 220 DI 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.01.010 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Applied; Polymer Science SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Polymer Science GA 114YH UT WOS:000316778400030 PM 23352992 ER PT J AU Beard, LA Pelzel, AM Rush, BR Wright, AM Galgut, BI Hennager, SG King, AO Traub-Dargatz, JL AF Beard, Laurie A. Pelzel, Angela M. Rush, Bonnie R. Wright, Abra M. Galgut, Bradley I. Hennager, Steven G. King, Alison O. Traub-Dargatz, Josie L. TI Babesia equi-induced anemia in a Quarter Horse and subsequent regulatory response SO JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID GIBSONI INFECTION; DOGS; PIROPLASMOSIS; SERODIAGNOSIS; CABALLI; IGG AB Case Description-A 7-year-old Quarter Horse gelding used for unsanctioned racing was examined because of fever and anorexia. Clinical Findings-Physical examination revealed fever, tachycardia, and tachypnea. Results of a CBC indicated anemia and mild thrombocytopenia. Results of microscopic examination of a blood smear indicated piroplasms in erythrocytes, consistent with Babesia spp. Regulatory authorities were contacted, and results of serologic testing at the National Veterinary Services Laboratories confirmed acute Babesia equi infection. Treatment and Outcome-Equids on the home premises of the index horse were placed under quarantine. Those equids were tested for piroplasmosis, and 6 of 63 horses had positive results for B equi. Another horse that had previously been housed on the index premises also had positive results for B equi. Competent tick vectors for piroplasmosis organisms were not identified. All 8 horses with piroplasmosis were Quarter Horses that participated in unsanctioned racing and were trained by the same person. Two of the horses were illegally removed from the index premises; these 2 horses and the other horse with piroplasmosis that was previously housed on the index premises could not be found. The other 5 horses with piroplasmosis were euthanized. Investigators concluded that transmission of B equi among horses was most likely iatrogenic. Relevance-The United States has been considered piroplasmosis free. However, veterinarians should consider piroplasmosis in horses with signalments and clinical signs similar to those of the index horse of this report. Regulatory authorities should be contacted regarding horses in which piroplasmosis is suspected. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2013;242:992-996) C1 [Beard, Laurie A.; Rush, Bonnie R.; Wright, Abra M.] Kansas State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Clin Sci, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Galgut, Bradley I.] Kansas State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Diagnost Med & Pathobiol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Pelzel, Angela M.] Vet Serv, USDA, APHIS, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Hennager, Steven G.] Vet Serv, USDA, APHIS, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [King, Alison O.] Vet Serv, USDA, APHIS, Missouri Area Off, Jefferson City, MO 65109 USA. [Traub-Dargatz, Josie L.] Colorado State Univ, Anim Populat Hlth Inst, Dept Clin Sci, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Beard, LA (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Clin Sci, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM lbeard@vet.k-state.edu NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0003-1488 J9 JAVMA-J AM VET MED A JI JAVMA-J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 242 IS 7 BP 992 EP 996 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 113ZF UT WOS:000316708100018 PM 23517213 ER PT J AU Matlaga, DP Davis, AS AF Matlaga, David P. Davis, Adam S. TI Minimizing invasive potential of Miscanthusx giganteus grown for bioenergy: identifying demographic thresholds for population growth and spread SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bioenergy crop; integrodifference equation models; large statured invasive grasses; matrix model; risk assessment; spatial population dynamics AB Many species prioritized for bioenergy crop development possess traits associated with invasiveness, necessitating a priori efforts by ecologists to identify species or cultivars with minimal invasive potential. The grass Miscanthusxgiganteus Greef et Deu ex Hodkinson et Renvoize is a candidate for biomass production in the northern US maize belt, with both sterile and fertile varieties commercially available in the near future. Prior to widespread deployment, the invasive potential of both varieties must be quantified. Using M.xgiganteus demographic and seed dispersal data, we parameterized an age-/stage-structured integrodifference equation model to estimate potential spread rates of sterile and fertile M.xgiganteus. We identified thresholds for reproductive parameters, above which population numbers and space occupied are likely to increase. Our simulations considered lateral spread of M.xgiganteus but not dispersal of rhizome fragments. When clonal recruitment is absent, population growth rate for sterile M.xgiganteus is projected to be slightly <1 (=0 center dot 979), indicating gradual population decline over the long term. A sterile M.xgiganteus population may increase in numbers and space under certain conditions: annually rhizome sprouting must be >20% and rhizome production must be 1 per plant. The relatively slow spread rates (00 center dot 09myear1) estimated for sterile M.xgiganteus would not apply in scenarios where rhizomes were dispersed long distance. For a fertile M.xgiganteus genotype, even low rates of seed viability and survival, seedling survival and seed germination support rapidly expanding populations. Synthesis and applications. Spatial demographic models offer a powerful tool for quantifying risk of invasive spread by bioenergy crops. Our results suggest that sterile and fertile cultivars of M.xgiganteus have markedly different invasive potential and therefore should be considered separately in management and policy decisions. Feral populations of sterile M.xgiganteus would need to experience frequent and severe disturbance to pose a significant invasion risk, indicating that they should be grown well away from riparian areas prone to streambank scouring. In contrast, cultivars of M.xgiganteus bearing fertile seed may be very difficult, if not impossible, to contain. C1 [Matlaga, David P.] Susquehanna Univ, Dept Biol, Selinsgrove, PA 17870 USA. [Davis, Adam S.] ARS, Global Change & Photosynthesis Res Unit, USDA, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Matlaga, DP (reprint author), Susquehanna Univ, Dept Biol, Selinsgrove, PA 17870 USA. EM matlaga@susqu.edu NR 0 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 38 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-8901 J9 J APPL ECOL JI J. Appl. Ecol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 50 IS 2 BP 479 EP 487 DI 10.1111/1365-2664.12057 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 117QX UT WOS:000316969300022 ER PT J AU Joo, NS Dawson-Hughes, B Kim, YS Oh, K Yeum, KJ AF Joo, Nam-Seok Dawson-Hughes, Bess Kim, Young-Sang Oh, Kyungwon Yeum, Kyung-Jin TI Impact of calcium and vitamin D insufficiencies on serum parathyroid hormone and bone mineral density: Analysis of the fourth and fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES IV-3, 2009 and KNHANES V-1, 2010) SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE CALCIUM INTAKE; 25(OH)D; PARATHYROID HORMONE; BONE MINERAL DENSITY; OLDER ADULTS ID POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; D SUPPLEMENTATION; DIETARY CALCIUM; DOSE-RESPONSE; ELDERLY-WOMEN; OSTEOPOROSIS; ASSOCIATION; FRACTURES; TURNOVER; TRIAL AB The relative contributions of calcium and vitamin D to calcium metabolism and bone mineral density (BMD) have been examined previously, but not in a population with very low calcium intake. To determine the relative importance of dietary calcium intake and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration to calcium metabolism and bone mass in a population with low calcium intake, a total of 4662 adults (2567 men and 2095 women) 50 years of age from the 20092010 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) were divided into groups according to dietary calcium intakes (quintiles means: 154, 278, 400, 557, and 951mg/d) and serum 25(OH)D concentrations (<50, 5075, and >75nmol/L). Serum intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) and femoral neck and lumbar spine BMD were evaluated according to dietary calcium intake and serum 25(OH)D. Mean calcium intake was 485mg/d; mean serum 25(OH)D concentration was 48.1nmol/L; PTH was 68.4pg/mL; femoral neck BMD was 0.692g/cm2; and lumbar spine BMD was 0.881g/cm2. Lower dietary calcium intakes were significantly associated with higher serum PTH concentrations and lower femoral neck BMD, not only at lower (<50nmol/L) but also at higher (>75nmol/L) serum 25(OH)D concentrations. Serum PTH was highest and femoral neck BMD was lowest in the group, with a serum 25(OH)D less than 50nmol/L. In this low-intake population, calcium intake is a significant determinant of serum PTH and BMD at higher as well as lower 25(OH)D levels. This finding indicates that low calcium intake cannot be compensated for with higher 25(OH)D levels alone. As expected, serum 25(OH)D levels were inversely associated with serum PTH and BMD. A calcium intake of at least 668mg/d and a serum 25(OH)D level of at least 50nmol/L may be needed to maintain bone mass in this calcium deficient population. (c) 2013 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. C1 [Joo, Nam-Seok; Dawson-Hughes, Bess; Yeum, Kyung-Jin] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Joo, Nam-Seok] Ajou Univ, Sch Med, Suwon 441749, South Korea. [Kim, Young-Sang] CHA Univ, CHA Bundang Med Ctr, Bundang, South Korea. [Oh, Kyungwon] Korea Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Hlth & Nutr Survey, Chengwon, South Korea. RP Yeum, KJ (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM kyungjin.yeum@tufts.edu OI Oh, Kyungwon/0000-0001-8097-6078 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture [58-1950-7-707] FX This research was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, under agreement number 58-1950-7-707. Any opinions, findings, conclusion, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. We thank all the members of the Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs who conducted the national survey. NR 23 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD APR PY 2013 VL 28 IS 4 BP 764 EP 770 DI 10.1002/jbmr.1790 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 112EB UT WOS:000316573900007 PM 23045165 ER PT J AU Hausler, K Godden, SM Schneider, MJ Lightfield, AR Bulthaus, M Haines, D AF Hausler, K. Godden, S. M. Schneider, M. J. Lightfield, A. R. Bulthaus, M. Haines, D. TI Hot topic: Investigating the risk of violative meat residues in bob veal calves fed colostrum from cows treated at dry-off with cephapirin benzathine SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE colostrum; veal calf; antibiotic residue ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; IMMUNOGLOBULINS; VALIDATION; ABSORPTION; MILK AB The objective was to conduct a study to investigate if violative meat residues are detected in very young bob veal calves that are fed first-milking colostrum harvested from cows that were dry treated, on-label, with cephapirin benzathine. First-milking colostrum was collected from cows that were given intramammary treatment at dry off, on-label, with cephapirin benzathine (ToMORROW, Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica Inc., St. Joseph, MO). Newborn bull calves meeting study inclusion criteria were removed from their dams shortly after birth and before suckling, and assigned to 1 of 2 trials. For the first trial, 6 treated calves were fed 3.8 L of fresh maternal colostrum and 1 control calf was fed 1.5 doses of a plasma-derived colostrum replacer (Secure Calf Colostrum Replacer, VitaPlus Inc., Madison, WI) within 1 h after birth. For the second trial, 5 treated calves were fed 3.8 L of fresh maternal colostrum and 1 control calf was fed 1.5 doses of Secure Calf Colostrum Replacer within 1 h after birth. All calves were humanely euthanized at 24 h (trial 1) or 48 h (trial 2) of age, and tissues were harvested for antimicrobial residue testing. Samples of maternal colostrum and colostrum replacer were also submitted for antimicrobial residue testing. Kidneys collected from all study calves tested negative for cephapirin benzathine residues when using both the KIS assay (Charm Sciences, Lawrence, MA) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis. The potential transfer of cephapirin from cows treated on-label at dry off to calves via colostrum may not be a significant source of cephapirin residues in veal tissues. C1 [Hausler, K.; Godden, S. M.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Vet Populat Med, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Schneider, M. J.; Lightfield, A. R.] USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Bulthaus, M.] DQCI Serv, Mounds View, MN 55112 USA. [Haines, D.] Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Vet Microbiol, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada. RP Godden, SM (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Vet Populat Med, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM godde002@umn.edu FU Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica Student Assistantship program FX This study was funded through the Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica Student Assistantship program, 2011. The authors thank the management and staff at Emerald Dairy II (Emerald, WI) for assisting with this study. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD APR PY 2013 VL 96 IS 4 BP 2349 EP 2355 DI 10.3168/jds.2012-5891 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 114VW UT WOS:000316772000039 PM 23415519 ER PT J AU Broderick, GA Kerkman, TM Sullivan, HM Dowd, MK Funk, PA AF Broderick, G. A. Kerkman, T. M. Sullivan, H. M. Dowd, M. K. Funk, P. A. TI Effect of replacing soybean meal protein with protein from upland cottonseed, Pima cottonseed, or extruded Pima cottonseed on production of lactating dairy cows SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE upland cottonseed; Pima cottonseed; extrusion; milk production ID RUMEN-PROTECTED METHIONINE; MILK UREA NITROGEN; WHOLE COTTONSEED; PLASMA GOSSYPOL; INTERNAL MARKERS; DETERGENT FIBER; DIFFERENT DIETS; ALFALFA SILAGE; HEAT-TREATMENT; CRUDE PROTEIN AB Pima cotton production is increasing in the United States, but Pima cottonseed generally contains higher concentrations of the antinutritive pigment gossypol than conventional upland cottonseed. Heating promotes the reaction of gossypol with protein, reducing gossypol absorption and toxicity. The objective of this study was to assess the nutritional value for dairy cattle of Pima cottonseed cake (PCSC) that was heated and oil largely removed by an experimental extrusion process, compared with upland cottonseed (UCS) and Pima cottonseed (PCS). The PCS had greater crude protein (CP) and ether ex-tract, less neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF), similar total gossypol, but higher (-)-gossypol isomer compared with UCS. Extrusion reduced lipid content by 73%, increased concentrations of CP, NDF, and ADF, and reduced total gossypol, (+)-gossypol, and (-)-gossypol in PCSC versus PCS. Forty lactating Holsteins (8 with ruminal cannulas) were blocked by days in milk into 5 squares in a replicated, incomplete 8 x 8 Latin square, and were fed diets containing, on a dry matter (DM) basis, 30% alfalfa silage, 31% corn silage, 21 to 25% high-moisture corn, and about 15% CP. Diets were fed as total mixed rations for ad libitum intake. Supplemental CP was from (1) solvent soybean meal (SSBM) only or 50% from SSBM plus 50% from (2) UCS, (3) PCS, (4) PCSC, (5) UCS plus PCS, and (6) UCS plus PCSC, or (7) 50% from expeller soybean meal (ESBM) plus 50% from PCS, and (8) 50% from ESBM plus 50% from PCSC. Periods were 4 wk long (total of 16 wk); production data were collected over the last 2 wk and blood and ruminal samples were taken on d 28 of each period. Data were analyzed using Proc Mixed of SAS (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC). Diet affected dry matter intake, with greatest intake on diet 6 and lowest intake on diets 1 and 3. The highest milk fat content was observed on diet 5 and the greatest fat yield on diet 7; fat content and yield were lowest on diet 1 (soybean meal control). Milk fat secretion was proportional to dietary fat content, indicating that cottonseed oil was used effectively for milk fat synthesis. We observed a trend for an effect on milk protein yield with the greatest protein secretion occurring on diet 7. Milk urea was lowest on diets 3, 7, and 8. Ruminal concentrations of branched-chain volatile fatty acids were lower, or tended to be lower, when PCSC replaced either UCS or PCS in the diet, suggesting reduced degradation and increased escape of PCSC protein. Among cottonseed-containing diets, total gossypol intake was lowest on PCSC, intermediate on PCS, and highest on UCS. Total gossypol and both (+)- and (-)-isomers of gossypol were higher in blood plasma on PCS and lower on PCSC than on the corresponding diets containing UCS, indicating that the extrusion process reduced gossypol absorption. In this trial, production on diets supplemented with UCS, PCS, or PCSC was comparable to that on diets containing soybean meal. C1 [Broderick, G. A.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Kerkman, T. M.] EcoSol LLC, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Sullivan, H. M.] Eastern Lab Serv, Medina, OH 44256 USA. [Dowd, M. K.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Funk, P. A.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Mesilla Pk, NM 88047 USA. RP Broderick, GA (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, 1925 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM glen.broderick@ars.usda.gov FU USDA Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) grant program FX The authors thank Alberto Pando and the board of Mesa Farmers Cooperative Gin (Vado, NM) for providing the cottonseed and their cooperation in this work; Daniel Hirschler and Continental Agra Equipment (Newton, KS) for technical assistance with extrusion; the staff of the USDA-ARS Southwestern Cotton Ginning Research Laboratory (SWCGRL, Mesilla Park, NM) for assistance with extruding the cottonseed; Nancy Betzold and her barn crew at the US Dairy Forage Research Center Farm (Prairie du Sac, WI) for feeding and animal care during this trial; Wendy Radloff and Mary Becker of the US Dairy Forage Research Center (Madison, WI) for laboratory analyses; Peter Crump of the University of Wisconsin-Madison for assisting with statistical analyses; and the USDA Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) grant program for partial funding of the project. NR 47 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 39 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD APR PY 2013 VL 96 IS 4 BP 2374 EP 2386 DI 10.3168/jds.2012-5723 PG 13 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 114VW UT WOS:000316772000042 PM 23462167 ER PT J AU Coblentz, WK Coffey, KP Young, AN Bertram, MG AF Coblentz, W. K. Coffey, K. P. Young, A. N. Bertram, M. G. TI Storage characteristics, nutritive value, energy content, and in vivo digestibility of moist, large rectangular bales of alfalfa-orchardgrass hay treated with a propionic acid-based preservative SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE alfalfa; apparent digestibility; hay; spontaneous heating ID SITU DISAPPEARANCE KINETICS; LARGE ROUND BALES; NEUTRAL DETERGENT FIBER; BERMUDAGRASS HAY; QUALITY CHANGES; DRY-MATTER; DAIRY-COWS; FORAGES; LOSSES AB Unstable weather, poor drying conditions, and unpredictable rainfall events often place valuable hay crops at risk. Recent research with large round bales composed of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) has shown that these large-bale packages are particularly sensitive to spontaneous heating and dry matter (DM) losses, as well as other undesirable changes with respect to forage fiber, protein, and energy density. Various formulations of organic acids have been marketed as preservatives, normally for use on hays that are not desiccated adequately in the field to facilitate safe bale storage. Our objectives for this study were to (1) evaluate the efficacy of applying a commercial (buffered) propionic acid-based preservative at 3 rates (0, 0.6, and 1.0% of wet-bale weight) to hays baled at 3 moisture concentrations (19.6, 23.8, and 27.4%) on the subsequent storage characteristics and poststorage nutritive value of alfalfa-orchardgrass forages packaged in large rectangular (285-kg) bales, and then (2) evaluate the in vivo digestibility of these hays in growing lambs. Over a 73-d storage period, the preservative was effective at limiting spontaneous heating in these hays, and a clear effect of application rate was observed for the wettest (27.4%) bales. For drier hays, both acid-application rates (1.0 and 0.6%) yielded comparable reductions in heating degree days >30 degrees C relative to untreated controls. Reductions in spontaneous heating could not be associated with improved recovery of forage DM after storage. In this study, most changes in nutritive value during storage were related to measures of spontaneous heating in simple linear regression relationships; this suggests that the modest advantages in nutritive value resulting from acid treatment were largely associated with perturbations of normal heating patterns during bale storage. Although somewhat erratic, apparent digestibilities of both DM (Y = -0.0080x + 55.6; R-2 = 0.45) and organic matter (Y = -0.0085x + 55.5; R-2 = 0.53) evaluated in growing lambs were also directly related to heating degree days in simple linear relationships. Based on these data, applying propionic acid-based preservatives to large rectangular bales is likely to provide good insurance against spontaneous heating during storage, as well as modest benefits with respect to nutritive value and digestibility. C1 [Coblentz, W. K.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. [Coffey, K. P.; Young, A. N.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Anim Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Coblentz, WK (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. EM wayne.coblentz@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD APR PY 2013 VL 96 IS 4 BP 2521 EP 2535 DI 10.3168/jds.2012-6145 PG 15 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 114VW UT WOS:000316772000052 PM 23415527 ER PT J AU Soder, KJ Brito, AF Rubano, MD AF Soder, K. J. Brito, A. F. Rubano, M. D. TI Short communication: Effect of oilseed supplementation of an herbage diet on ruminal fermentation in continuous culture SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE herbage; in vitro fermentation; oilseed ID FATTY-ACID-COMPOSITION; LACTATING DAIRY-COWS; CANOLA SEED SUPPLEMENTATION; CONJUGATED LINOLEIC-ACID; MILK-PRODUCTION; HUMAN HEALTH; PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE; AMMONIA CONCENTRATION; NUTRIENT UTILIZATION; PROTEIN SUPPLEMENTS AB A 4-unit continuous culture fermentor system was used to evaluate the effects of oilseed supplementation of an herbage-based diet on nutrient digestibility, fermentation profile, and bacterial nitrogen (N) synthesis. Treatments were randomly assigned to fermentors in a 4 x 4 Latin square design with 7 d for diet adaptation and 3 d for data and sample collection. Dietary treatments were an herbage-only diet (HERB), or the following ground oilseeds supplemented to an herbage-based diet at 10% of total dry matter (DM) fed: flaxseed (FLAX), canola (CAN), or sunflower (SUN). Apparent DM, organic matter, and neutral detergent fiber digestibility were not affected by diet, averaging 62, 68, and 78%, respectively. True DM and organic matter digestibility were not affected by diet, averaging 78 and 82%, respectively. Fermentor pH and total volatile fatty acids were not affected by diet. Branched-chain volatile fatty acids tended to be lower for HERB compared with the 3 oilseed diets. Ammonia N concentrations were lowest for the HERB diet. Crude protein digestibility was not affected by diet. Flow of NH3-N was lowest for the HERB diet reflecting the lowest culture concentration of NH3-N. Bacterial N flows were lowest for HERB and SUN diets, intermediate for FLAX, and greatest for CAN. Flows of total N, non-NH3-N, and dietary N were not affected by diet. Likewise, efficiency of bacterial N synthesis was not affected by diet. Supplementation with FLAX, CAN, or SUN at 10% of total DM fed did not affect nutrient digestibility or ruminal fermentation compared with an all-herbage diet. The oilseeds tested herein may be considered as alternative energy supplements for grazing dairy cows, particularly during times of low availability of corn. However, in vivo studies are needed to further evaluate the effects of oilseeds supplementation of an herbage-based diet on milk production and composition (specifically human-beneficial fatty acids). C1 [Soder, K. J.; Rubano, M. D.] USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Brito, A. F.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Biol Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Soder, KJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM kathy.soder@ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD APR PY 2013 VL 96 IS 4 BP 2551 EP 2556 DI 10.3168/jds.2012-6426 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 114VW UT WOS:000316772000055 PM 23403191 ER PT J AU Wright, JR Wiggans, GR Muenzenberger, CJ Neitzel, RR AF Wright, J. R. Wiggans, G. R. Muenzenberger, C. J. Neitzel, R. R. TI Short communication: Genetic evaluation of mobility for Brown Swiss dairy cattle SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE mobility; type; genetic evaluation; Brown Swiss ID (CO)VARIANCE COMPONENTS; CONFORMATION TRAITS; BREEDING VALUES; LOCOMOTION; PARAMETERS; SURVIVAL; LAMENESS; MODEL; CLAW AB Genetic parameters were estimated for mobility score and 16 linear type traits of Brown Swiss dairy cattle. Mobility is an overall assessment trait that measures a cow's ability to move, as well as the structure of her feet, pasterns, and legs. Scores from 50 to 99 were assigned by appraisers for the Brown Swiss Cattle Breeders' Association of the USA beginning in June 2007. Only scores made before 69 mo of age were used. After edits, 32,710 records were available for 19,472 cows in 819 herds. The model included fixed effects for the interaction of herd and appraisal date (2,109 groups), appraisal age within parity (46 groups), and lactation stage within parity (21 groups), as well as random effects for animal, permanent environment, and residual error. A multi-trait analysis was conducted using canonical transformation, multiple diagonalization, and a decelerated expectation-maximization REML algorithm. Heritability was estimated to be 0.21 for mobility and ranged from 0.06 to 0.37 for the other 16 type traits. The traits with the highest genetic correlation with mobility were final score (0.78), rear legs (rear view; 0.74), rear udder width (0.52), and foot angle (0.51). Predicted transmitting ability (PTA) for mobility was calculated using the Brown Swiss multi-trait type evaluation system but included only appraisals for which all traits had been scored. For the 1,868 bulls evaluated, PTA for mobility ranged from 1.6 to -1.8 with a standard deviation of 0.5 and was most highly correlated with PTA for final score (0.88), rear legs (rear view; 0.77), rear udder height (0.70), and rear udder width (0.69), as expected from the trait correlations. When matched with official US national evaluations from August 2011, PTA mobility had moderately high correlations with PTA for milk, fat, and protein yields, as well as productive life (0.31-0.41). The mobility trait may provide a more accurate assessment of the structural soundness required for longevity than does the feet-legs composite. C1 [Wright, J. R.; Wiggans, G. R.] ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Muenzenberger, C. J.; Neitzel, R. R.] Brown Swiss Cattle Breeders Assoc USA, Beloit, WI 53511 USA. RP Wright, JR (reprint author), ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jan.wright@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD APR PY 2013 VL 96 IS 4 BP 2657 EP 2660 DI 10.3168/jds.2012-6193 PG 4 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 114VW UT WOS:000316772000066 PM 23403194 ER PT J AU Cole, JB Null, DJ AF Cole, J. B. Null, D. J. TI Visualization of the transmission of direct genomic values for paternal and maternal chromosomes for 15 traits in US Brown Swiss, Holstein, and Jersey cattle SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE direct genomic value; genomic selection; haplotype; visualization ID AFFECTING MILK-YIELD; SELECTION; PREDICTIONS; INFORMATION; CONSEQUENCES; STRATEGIES AB Haplotypes are available for 220,671 Brown Swiss, Holstein, and Jersey bulls and cows that received genomic evaluations in August 2012. Differences in least squares means of direct genomic values (DGV) for paternal and maternal haplotypes of Bos taurus autosomes 1, 6, 14, and 18 for lifetime net merit were significant in all but one case. Those chromosomes were chosen to represent cases with and without known quantitative trait loci, and other chromosomes may differ as well. Paternal haplotypes had higher DGV than maternal haplotypes in most cases, and differences were larger when quantitative trait loci were present. Longer chromosomes generally accounted for more variance than shorter chromosomes, and differences among breeds were consistent with known mutations of large effect. For example, Bos taurus autosome 18 accounted for 2.5, 7, and 2.6% of the variance in lifetime net merit for Brown Swiss (BS), Holsteins, and Jerseys, respectively. Distributions of the number of positive DGV inherited from sires and dams were negatively skewed in all breeds, and modes were slightly higher for paternally than maternally derived haplotypes in Holsteins and BS (22 vs. 20 and 22 vs. 21, respectively) and slightly lower in BS (17 vs 19). Graphical representations of DGV are available to all users through a query on the Animal Improvement Programs Laboratory (ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD) web site. Query results were also used to illustrate several quantitative genetic principles using genotype information from real animals. For example, offspring DGV can be compared with parental DGV to demonstrate that a parent transmits the average value of its 2 chromosomes to its progeny. The frequency of DGV with positive and negative values in animals of different ages can be used to show how selection affects allele frequencies. The effect of selection for alleles with large effects versus those with small effects is demonstrated using an animal with undesirable alleles for a marker with a large effect but many desirable alleles for markers with small effects. Strategies for the use of those data in selection programs are being studied, and work is underway to add data on conformation traits to the system. C1 [Cole, J. B.; Null, D. J.] ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Cole, JB (reprint author), ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM john.cole@ars.usda.gov RI Cole, John/J-8571-2014 OI Cole, John/0000-0003-1242-4401 NR 32 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD APR PY 2013 VL 96 IS 4 BP 2713 EP 2726 DI 10.3168/jds.2012-6008 PG 14 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 114VW UT WOS:000316772000072 PM 23375973 ER PT J AU Jong, L AF Jong, Lei TI Characterization of Soy Protein Nanoparticles Prepared by High Shear Microfluidization SO JOURNAL OF DISPERSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Microfluidizer; nanoparticles; particle size; rheological properties; soy protein ID DRUG-DELIVERY; STARCH; ELASTOMERS; MICRO; SIZE AB Soy protein nanoparticles were produced with a microfluidizer and characterized in terms of particle size, size distribution, morphology, rheological properties, and aggregate structure. Three stages of structure breakdown were observed when the soy protein dispersion was passed through the microfluidizer. A sudden change in the aggregate size was observed after a certain number of passes through the microfluidizer; such change was both concentration and pH dependent. Rheological measurements of these soy protein emulsions showed that both viscosity and storage/loss modulus decreased as the aggregate size of soy protein was decreased, indicating reduced interactions between the aggregates. The fractal dimension of the soy protein aggregates was estimated from the properties of a continuous matrix embedded with the aggregates. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Dept Agr, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Jong, L (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Dept Agr, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM lei.jong@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 26 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0193-2691 J9 J DISPER SCI TECHNOL JI J. Dispersion Sci. Technol. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 34 IS 4 BP 469 EP 475 DI 10.1080/01932691.2012.681611 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 114ZA UT WOS:000316780300003 ER PT J AU Felker, FC Singh, M Fanta, GF AF Felker, Frederick C. Singh, Mukti Fanta, George F. TI EFFECT OF GLUTEN ON SOYBEAN OIL DROPLETS IN JET-COOKED STARCH-OIL COMPOSITES SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION LA English DT Article ID SCANNING-ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; WATER-INTERFACE; WHEAT GLUTEN; FLOUR LIPIDS; COOKING; PROTEINS; DOUGH; MECHANISM; BAKING; FILMS AB The effect of wheat gluten on the behavior of soy oil droplets in jet-cooked starch-oil composites was investigated. Light microscopy showed that gluten formed amorphous fragments when jet cooked with cornstarch, and also when wheat flour was jet cooked. Oil droplets were associated with gluten fragments in wheat starch-gluten-oil and flour-oil composites. When gluten was added to the formulation of previously characterized cornstarch-oil composites, all oil droplets became associated with gluten fragments. Oil droplet size increased with increasing oil content in cornstarch-oil composites as expected, but the droplets in composites with added gluten were smaller at high oil concentrations. Gluten reduced the buoyancy of oil droplets in diluted composites as determined by centrifugation, and reduced the expression of oil from drum-dried starch-oil composites. The internal structural framework provided by the cooked gluten fragments provides an approach for oil phase management in the formulation of starch-oil composites for food applications. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Addition of gluten to starch-oil composites or using flour as the starch source for such composites will decrease the oil droplet size and cause the oil droplets to be immobilized by physical association with the cooked gluten fragments. Drum-dried composites can be made with higher oil content if gluten is added before jet cooking due to more efficient encapsulation in the drum-dried flakes. This information will assist the design and formulation of starch-lipid composites intended for food applications as well as those uses in which better oil retention in drum-dried composites is needed. C1 [Felker, Frederick C.; Singh, Mukti] ARS, Funct Foods Res Unit, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Fanta, George F.] ARS, Plant Polymer Res Unit, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Felker, FC (reprint author), ARS, Funct Foods Res Unit, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Frederick.Felker@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0145-8892 J9 J FOOD PROCESS PRES JI J. Food Process Preserv. PD APR PY 2013 VL 37 IS 2 BP 152 EP 162 DI 10.1111/j.1745-4549.2011.00635.x PG 11 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 115JJ UT WOS:000316808100008 ER PT J AU Wang, JP Pae, M Meydani, SN Wu, D AF Wang, Junpeng Pae, Munkyong Meydani, Simin Nikbin Wu, Dayong TI Green tea epigallocatechin-3-gallate modulates differentiation of naive CD4(+) T cells into specific lineage effector cells SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE-JMM LA English DT Article DE Green tea; EGCG; CD4(+) T cells; CD4(+) T cell subpopulations; Autoimmune diseases ID EXPERIMENTAL AUTOIMMUNE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; TGF-BETA; TH17 CELLS; SOLUBLE IL-6R; CUTTING EDGE; T(H)17 CELLS; GENERATION; NEUROPROTECTION; PROLIFERATION; INFLAMMATION AB CD4(+) T helper (Th) subsets Th1, Th9, and Th17 cells are implicated in inducing autoimmunity whereas regulatory T cells (Treg) have a protective effect. We and others have previously shown that epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) attenuates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and alters CD4(+) T cell subpopulations. In this study, we investigated how EGCG impacts differentiation of na < ve CD4(+) T cells into different effector lineages and report that EGCG impeded Th1, Th9, and Th17 differentiation and prevented IL-6-induced suppression of Treg development. We further showed that EGCG inhibited T-bet, PU.1, and ROR gamma t, the specific transcription factors for Th1, Th9, and Th17 differentiation, respectively. These effects, in turn, may be mediated by EGCG-induced downregulation of transducers p-STAT1 and p-STAT4 for Th1, and p-STAT3 for Th17. EGCG-induced change in Th17/Treg balance may be mediated by its inhibition of IL-6 signaling because EGCG inhibited soluble IL-6R, membrane gp130, and IL-6-induced phosphorylation of STAT3. This notion was further supported by the in vivo results showing inhibited IL-6 and soluble IL-6R but increased soluble gp130 levels in plasma from EAE mice fed EGCG. Together, our results suggest that EGCG modulates development of CD4(+) T cell lineages through impacting their respective and interactive regulatory networks ultimately leading to an attenuated autoimmune response. C1 [Wang, Junpeng; Pae, Munkyong; Meydani, Simin Nikbin; Wu, Dayong] Tufts Univ, Nutr Immunol Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Meydani, Simin Nikbin] Tufts Univ, Dept Pathol, Sackler Grad Sch Biochem Sci, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Wu, D (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Nutr Immunol Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM dayong.wu@tufts.edu FU USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) [2010-65200-20360]; USDA, Agriculture Research Service [58-1950-0-014] FX The authors would like to thank Stephanie Marco for her help in the preparation of the manuscript. This work was supported by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) grant #2010-65200-20360 and USDA, Agriculture Research Service contract #58-1950-0-014. NR 45 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 21 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0946-2716 J9 J MOL MED JI J. Mol. Med. PD APR PY 2013 VL 91 IS 4 BP 485 EP 495 DI 10.1007/s00109-012-0964-2 PG 11 WC Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Genetics & Heredity; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 119DI UT WOS:000317077200008 PM 23064699 ER PT J AU Islam, MM Woodhouse, LR Hossain, MB Ahmed, T Huda, MN Ahmed, T Peerson, JM Hotz, C Brown, KH AF Islam, M. Munirul Woodhouse, Leslie R. Hossain, Mohammad Bakhtiar Ahmed, Tahmeed Huda, M. Nazmul Ahmed, Tanveer Peerson, Janet M. Hotz, Christine Brown, Kenneth H. TI Total Zinc Absorption from a Diet Containing either Conventional Rice or Higher-Zinc Rice Does Not Differ among Bangladeshi Preschool Children SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID MALAWIAN CHILDREN; SERUM ZINC; PHYTATE; HOMEOSTASIS; HEALTH; MAIZE; IRON AB Information is needed on zinc absorption from grain cultivars having higher zinc content. Total absorbed zinc (TAZ) from mixed diets containing high-zinc rice (HZnR), conventional rice (CR), or CR plus zinc fortificant (CR+Zn) was measured. Forty-two nonmalnourished preschool-aged children were enrolled in 1 of 2 groups. Using a crossover design, children in group A (n = 22) received for 1 d each a mixed diet containing 150 g CR or HZnR. Children in group B In = 20) received HZnR on 1 d and CR+Zn on the other day. Fractional zinc absorption (FZA) was measured during each dietary period by using a dual-isotope tracer ratio technique; TAZ was calculated as the product of zinc intake [total dietary zinc (TDZ)] and FZA. TDZ was 3.83, 4.83, and 6.03 mg/d when the children were fed the CR, HZnR, and CR+Zn containing diets, respectively. Mean FZA from the CR diet was greater than from the HZnR diet (25.1 vs. 20.1%, P < 0.001), and the mean FZA from the CR+Zn diet (18.8%) was less than from both the CR diet (P < 0.001) and the HZnR diet (P= 0.014). The mean TAZ was 0.96 +/- 0.16, 0.97 +/- 0.18, and 1.13 +/- 0.20 mg/d from the CR, HZnR and CR +Zn diets, respectively. TAZ was not different for the CR and HZnR diets (P= 0.99) but was significantly greater from the CR+Zn diet compared with the other 2 diets (P < 0.001). Rice cultivars with higher zinc and/or lower phytate content are needed to increase TAZ by young children consuming this amount of rice. J. Nutr. 143: 519-525, 2013. C1 [Islam, M. Munirul; Hossain, Mohammad Bakhtiar; Ahmed, Tahmeed; Huda, M. Nazmul; Ahmed, Tanveer] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. [Woodhouse, Leslie R.] USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA USA. [Peerson, Janet M.; Brown, Kenneth H.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Peerson, Janet M.; Brown, Kenneth H.] Univ Calif Davis, Program Int & Community Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Hotz, Christine] HarvestPlus, Int Food Policy Res Inst, Washington, DC USA. RP Islam, MM (reprint author), Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. EM mislam@icddrb.org FU HarvestPlus Challenge Program [8053]; International Atomic Energy Agency [15197] FX Supported by the HarvestPlus Challenge Program, Agreement No. 8053, and the International Atomic Energy Agency, Research Contract No. 15197. NR 23 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD APR PY 2013 VL 143 IS 4 BP 519 EP 525 DI 10.3945/jn.112.169169 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 110JB UT WOS:000316437300018 PM 23427330 ER PT J AU Zheljazkov, VD Cantre, CL Astatkie, T Jeliazkova, E AF Zheljazkov, Valtcho D. Cantre, Charles L. Astatkie, Tess Jeliazkova, Ekaterina TI Distillation Time Effect on Lavender Essential Oil Yield and Composition SO JOURNAL OF OLEO SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE steam distillation; essential oil yield; cineole; fenchol; camphor; linalool acetate ID ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY; AROMATIC PLANTS; BIOACTIVITY; ANTIOXIDANT AB Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) is one of the most widely grown essential oil crops in the world. Commercial extraction of lavender oil is done using steam distillation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the length of the distillation time (DT) on lavender essential oil yield and composition when extracted from dried flowers. Therefore, the following distillation times (DT) were tested in this experiment: 1.5 min, 3 min, 3.75 min, 7.5 min, 15 min, 30 min, 60 min, 90 min, 120 min, 150 min, 180 min, and 240 min. The essential oil yield (range 0.5-6.8%) reached a maximum at 60 min DT. The concentrations of cineole (range 6.4-35%) and fenchol (range 1.7-2.9%) were highest at the 1.5 min DT and decreased with increasing length of the DT. The concentration of camphor (range 6.6-9.2%) reached a maximum at 7.5-15 min DT, while the concentration of linalool acetate (range 15-38%) reached a maximum at 30 min DT. Results suggest that lavender essential oil yield may not increase after 60 min DT. The change in essential oil yield, and the concentrations of cineole, fenchol and linalool acetate as DT changes were modeled very well by the asymptotic nonlinear regression model. DT may be used to modify the chemical profile of lavender oil and to obtain oils with differential chemical profiles from the same lavender flowers. DT must be taken into consideration when citing or comparing reports on lavender essential oil yield and composition. C1 [Zheljazkov, Valtcho D.; Jeliazkova, Ekaterina] Univ Wyoming, Sheridan Res & Extens Ctr, Sheridan, WY 82801 USA. [Cantre, Charles L.] USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. [Astatkie, Tess] Dalhousie Univ, Fac Agr, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada. RP Zheljazkov, VD (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Sheridan Res & Extens Ctr, 663 Wyarno Rd, Sheridan, WY 82801 USA. EM vjeliazk@uwyo.edu RI Astatkie, Tess/J-7231-2012 OI Astatkie, Tess/0000-0002-9779-8789 FU University of Wyoming FX This research was funded by the University of Wyoming startup funding awarded to Dr. Jeliazkov [Zheljazkov]). NR 23 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 73 PU JAPAN OIL CHEMISTS SOC PI TOKYO PA YUSHI KOGYO KAIKAN BLDG, 13-11, NIHONBASHI 3-CHOME, CHUO-KU, TOKYO, 103-0027, JAPAN SN 1345-8957 EI 1347-3352 J9 J OLEO SCI JI J. Oleo Sci. PD APR PY 2013 VL 62 IS 4 BP 195 EP 199 DI 10.5650/jos.62.195 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 114VV UT WOS:000316771900002 PM 23535305 ER PT J AU Shypailo, RJ Workeneh, B Ellis, KJ AF Shypailo, R. J. Workeneh, B. Ellis, K. J. TI Assessment of the associated particle prompt gamma neutron activation technique for total body nitrogen measurement in vivo SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Body composition; Neutron activation Analysis; Nitrogen; Humans; Feasibility studies ID FACILITY; PROTEIN; DESIGN AB Total body nitrogen (TBN) can be used to estimate total body protein, an important body composition component at the molecular level. A system using the associated particle technique in conjunction with prompt gamma neutron activation analysis has been developed for the measurement of TBN in vivo. The system uses a compact D, T neutron generator (similar to 10(7) n/s) coupled to an internal alpha-particle detector, and a counting system with six bismuth germinate detectors. 14 Subjects were scanned from shoulders to hips (20 min scan time, < 0.4 mSv dose) generating complex spectra dominated by signals from C, O, H, and N, with significant peak overlap. Fractional contributions from these elements to regions of interests (ROI) spanning a 4-8 MeV range were determined by algorithms comparing ratios of interrelated ROIs. In addition, multi-component least squares fitting was done to further resolve individual peak activities (MATLAB R2011b). Total body potassium (TBK) was also measured using a whole body gamma counter. Predicted TBN values, based on fat-free mass estimated from TBK, were compared to measured TBN results. Measured versus predicted results for all subjects were not statistically different. Separating subjects by gender also showed no difference between measured and predicted values. The associated particle system showed good agreement with predicted TBN values, but measurement precision was not better than that commonly seen in traditional prompt gamma thermal neutron activation analysis systems. C1 [Shypailo, R. J.; Ellis, K. J.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Workeneh, B.] Baylor Coll Med, Div Nephrol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Shypailo, RJ (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM shypailo@bcm.edu FU USDA/ARS [58-6250-6-001] FX This work is a publication of the USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX. Funding has been provided from the USDA/ARS under Cooperative Agreement No. 58-6250-6-001. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USDA, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD APR PY 2013 VL 296 IS 1 BP 143 EP 148 DI 10.1007/s10967-012-2138-7 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 112CM UT WOS:000316569600023 ER PT J AU Follett, PA Wall, MM AF Follett, Peter A. Wall, Marisa M. TI Phytosanitary irradiation for export of fresh produce: commercial adoption in Hawaii and current issues SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Phytosanitary treatment; Quarantine pests; Sweet potato; Generic doses; Labeling; Radiation ID RADIATION; LEPIDOPTERA; DIASPIDIDAE; HOMOPTERA; FRUITS AB Hawaii is a pioneer in the use of phytosanitary irradiation. Irradiation is an approved treatment to control quarantine insect pests in 17 fruits and 7 vegetables for export from Hawaii to the US mainland. The commercial X-ray irradiation facility, Hawaii Pride LLC, has been shipping tropical fruits and vegetables to the US mainland using irradiation since 2000. Hawaiian purple sweet potato is the highest volume product with annual exports of more than 12 million lbs (5,500 tonnes). The advent of generic radiation treatments for tephritid fruit flies (150 Gy) and other insects (400 Gy) has accelerated commodity export approvals and facilitated adoption by foreign trading partners. Current impediments to wider adoption include the labeling requirement, the 1 kGy limit for fresh horticultural products, and non-acceptance of phytosanitary irradiation in Japan and the European Union. USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) has restricted the use of modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) for irradiated fresh fruits exported to the US due to possible increased radio-tolerance in the target insects. Data are presented for response of melon fly in papaya to several types of MAP with radiation treatment at 45-65 Gy. Low oxygen atmospheres can increase insect radio-tolerance, but the effect is dependent on oxygen concentration and radiation dose. C1 [Follett, Peter A.; Wall, Marisa M.] USDA ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Follett, PA (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, POB 4459, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM peter.follett@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 22 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 EI 1588-2780 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD APR PY 2013 VL 296 IS 1 BP 517 EP 522 DI 10.1007/s10967-012-1970-0 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 112CM UT WOS:000316569600085 ER PT J AU Bett-Garber, KL Lea, JM AF Bett-Garber, K. L. Lea, J. M. TI Development of Flavor Lexicon for Freshly Pressed and Processed Blueberry Juice SO JOURNAL OF SENSORY STUDIES LA English DT Article ID ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY; SENSORY QUALITY; STORAGE; CULTIVARS; HIGHBUSH; POMEGRANATE; RASPBERRIES; STABILITY; PRODUCTS; APPLE AB A lexicon with 32 aroma/flavor, taste and mouthfeel attributes was developed for blueberry juice. Twenty blueberry products were used to develop the lexicon. It was tested with frozen blueberries that were thawed and hand-pressed to make juices (P1, P2 or P3) and bottled juices (B1, B2, B3 or B4). Freshly pressed juices had significantly (P0.05) higher scores in blueberry, strawberry, floral, sweet aroma and sweet taste except for processed juice, B4, which was also high in sweet taste. In comparison, the four bottled juices were significantly (P0.05) higher in cranberry, molasses/dark corn syrup, canned tomato, fermented, processed berry juice, sour aroma and pungency aroma. In addition, all three hand-pressed juices plus B4 were significantly lower than B1, B2 and B3 in wine-like, bitter taste, sour taste, astringent, metallic, tongue numbing and throat burn attributes. Processed blueberry juice had a different flavor profile than freshly pressed juice. Practical Application Blueberry juice offers many health benefits. Blueberry juices are appealing to consumers because of their high antioxidant levels and convenience. This lexicon provides a means to evaluate blueberry juice flavor, whether freshly pressed or processed. These descriptors will facilitate monitoring the changes in flavor during processing and storage and will assist processors to determine the impact of processing methods on product flavor quality. They will also be useful to evaluate breeding and production practices on juice flavor. C1 [Bett-Garber, K. L.; Lea, J. M.] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Bett-Garber, KL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM Karen.bett@ars.usda.gov OI Bett-Garber, Karen/0000-0002-1453-2759 NR 28 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 131 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0887-8250 J9 J SENS STUD JI J. Sens. Stud. PD APR PY 2013 VL 28 IS 2 BP 161 EP 170 DI 10.1111/joss.12029 PG 10 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 118IB UT WOS:000317017900007 ER PT J AU Liu, CK Latona, NP Yoon, SC AF Liu, Cheng-Kung Latona, Nicholas P. Yoon, Seung-Chul TI EVALUATION OF HIDES, WET BLUE AND LEATHER USING AIRBORNE ULTRASONICS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article AB Animal hides are important agricultural commodities closely associated with rural economics and the well being of rural farmers in the United States. Approximately 90% of the hides produced in the United States are being exported; the remaining 10% are mostly tanned into leather. At the present time hides and leather are visually inspected and ranked for quality, usable area, and sale price. However, visual inspection is not reliable for detecting defects, which are usually hidden inside the material or under the hair in fresh hides. This manual assessment is not uniform among operators, and often leads to disputes over fair price. Development of a non-contact nondestructive method to accurately evaluate the quality of hides and leather is urgently needed. We previously reported the research results for airborne ultrasonic (AU) testing using non-contact transducers to evaluate the quality of hides and leather. We demonstrated the ability of AU to reveal defects in hides and leather that are difficult to be found during visual inspection. In this paper, we present new results on AU inspection, particularly using a statistical data/cluster analysis technique, in which leather and hide defects are depicted as color-coded amplitude maps, or "C-scans." C1 [Liu, Cheng-Kung; Latona, Nicholas P.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Yoon, Seung-Chul] ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Liu, CK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM ChengKung.Liu@ars.usda.gov NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOC PI LUBBOCK PA 1314 50 ST, STE 103, LUBBOCK, TX 79412 USA SN 0002-9726 J9 J AM LEATHER CHEM AS JI J. Am. Leather Chem. Assoc. PD APR PY 2013 VL 108 IS 4 BP 128 EP 138 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Applied; Materials Science, Textiles SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 118LU UT WOS:000317027800002 ER PT J AU Merkel, RC Liu, CK Latona, N El Amma, A Goetsch, AL AF Merkel, R. C. Liu, C. K. Latona, N. El Amma, A. Goetsch, A. L. TI EFFECTS OF LEVEL AND LENGTH OF SUPPLEMENTATION ON LEATHER CHARACTERISTICS OF YEARLING BOER AND SPANISH WETHERS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID FATLIQUORING PROCESSES; COLLAGEN MATERIAL; BODY-COMPOSITION; BREED; GOATSKINS; GOAT AB Thirty Boer x Spanish and 29 Spanish wethers were used in a trial to determine the effects of goat breed, supplementation level, and age on the mechanical properties of chrome-tanned and glutaraldehyde-tanned goat skin. Six Boer and five Spanish wethers were harvested at the beginning of the trial with the remaining animals assigned to four groups, having equal breed numbers, receiving either a high or low supplement amount daily. Two groups were harvested after 110 days and the remaining groups after an additional 108 days. Skins were removed by hand, split down the dorsal midline, and salted. The left half of each skin was chrome-tanned and the right half was tanned using a glutaraldehyde based tannage. Tanning goat skins using chromium resulted in stronger leather than that produced using glutaraldehyde. Increasing age led to decreased % elongation and increased leather stiffness. The effects of supplementation level were of lesser importance than tannage or age upon the strength characteristics of leather produced. Boer goat leather was thicker than Spanish goat leather, although tensile strength was unaffected by breed. Goat skins were not shaved to an equal thickness during the tanning process, perhaps leading to some of the breed differences seen, notably in % elongation and fracture energy. Therefore, further research is needed to evaluate characteristics of shaved skins. C1 [Merkel, R. C.; Goetsch, A. L.] Langston Univ, Amer Inst Goat Res, Langston, OK USA. [Liu, C. K.; Latona, N.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA USA. RP Merkel, RC (reprint author), Langston Univ, Amer Inst Goat Res, Langston, OK USA. EM rmerkel@langston.edu FU USDA [0215238] FX This research was supported by USDA Project OKLXMERKEL2008 - 0215238. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOC PI LUBBOCK PA 1314 50 ST, STE 103, LUBBOCK, TX 79412 USA SN 0002-9726 J9 J AM LEATHER CHEM AS JI J. Am. Leather Chem. Assoc. PD APR PY 2013 VL 108 IS 4 BP 139 EP 145 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Materials Science, Textiles SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 118LU UT WOS:000317027800003 ER PT J AU Birch, J Juleff, N Heaton, MP Kalbfleisch, T Kijas, J Bailey, D AF Birch, Jamie Juleff, Nicholas Heaton, Michael P. Kalbfleisch, Ted Kijas, James Bailey, Dalan TI Characterization of Ovine Nectin-4, a Novel Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus Receptor SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID MEASLES-VIRUS; INFECTION; STRAINS; GOATS; CD150; PPRV; SLAM AB Small ruminants infected with peste des petits ruminants virus exhibit lesions typical of epithelial infection and necrosis. However, the only established host receptor for this virus is the immune cell marker signaling lymphocyte activation molecule (SLAM). We have confirmed that the ovine Nectin-4 protein, when overexpressed in epithelial cells, permits efficient replication of PPRV. Furthermore, this gene was predominantly expressed in epithelial tissues and encoded by multiple haplotypes in sheep breeds from around the world. C1 [Birch, Jamie; Juleff, Nicholas; Bailey, Dalan] Pirbright Inst, Surrey, England. [Heaton, Michael P.] USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, ARS, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Kalbfleisch, Ted] Univ Louisville, Sch Med, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. [Kijas, James] CSIRO, Anim Food & Hlth Sci, St Lucia, Qld, Australia. RP Bailey, D (reprint author), Pirbright Inst, Surrey, England. EM dalan.bailey@pirbright.ac.uk RI Kijas, James/A-4656-2011; Institute, Pirbright/K-4476-2014; OI Kijas, James/0000-0002-1417-8278; Bailey, Dalan/0000-0002-5640-2266 FU Pirbright Institute FX N.J. is a Wellcome Trust Intermediate Clinical Fellow. D. B. is supported by an independent research fellowship awarded by The Pirbright Institute. NR 18 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 18 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 87 IS 8 BP 4756 EP 4761 DI 10.1128/JVI.02792-12 PG 6 WC Virology SC Virology GA 113MC UT WOS:000316671000056 PM 23388720 ER PT J AU Swanson, CC Rumble, MA Grovenburg, TW Kaczor, NW Klaver, RW Herman-Brunson, KM Jenks, JA Jensen, KC AF Swanson, Christopher C. Rumble, Mark A. Grovenburg, Troy W. Kaczor, Nicholas W. Klaver, Robert W. Herman-Brunson, Katie M. Jenks, Jonathan A. Jensen, Kent C. TI Greater sage-grouse winter habitat use on the eastern edge of their range SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Artemisia; Centrocercus urophasianus; greater sage-grouse; habitat; North Dakota; resource selection; sagebrush; South Dakota ID RESOURCE SELECTION FUNCTIONS; ARTEMISIA-TRIDENTATA; SOUTHEASTERN OREGON; LOGISTIC-REGRESSION; CENTRAL MONTANA; COLORADO; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; AVAILABILITY; UROPHASIANUS; METABOLISM AB Greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) at the western edge of the Dakotas occur in the transition zone between sagebrush and grassland communities. These mixed sagebrush (Artemisia sp.) and grasslands differ from those habitats that comprise the central portions of the sage-grouse range; yet, no information is available on winter habitat selection within this region of their distribution. We evaluated factors influencing greater sage-grouse winter habitat use in North Dakota during 20052006 and 20062007 and in South Dakota during 20062007 and 20072008. We captured and radio-marked 97 breeding-age females and 54 breeding-age males from 2005 to 2007 and quantified habitat selection for 98 of these birds that were alive during winter. We collected habitat measurements at 340 (177ND, 163SD) sage-grouse use sites and 680 random (340 each at 250m and 500m from locations) dependent sites. Use sites differed from random sites with greater percent sagebrush cover (14.75% use vs. 7.29% random; P<0.001), percent total vegetation cover (36.76% use vs. 32.96% random; P0.001), and sagebrush density (2.12plants/m2 use vs. 0.94plants/m2 random; P0.001), but lesser percent grass cover (11.76% use vs. 16.01% random; P0.001) and litter cover (4.34% use vs. 5.55% random; P=0.001) and lower sagebrush height (20.02cm use vs. 21.35cm random; P=0.13) and grass height (21.47cm use vs. 23.21cm random; P=0.15). We used conditional logistic regression to estimate winter habitat selection by sage-grouse on continuous scales. The model sagebrush cover+sagebrush height+sagebrush coverxsagebrush height ($w_{i} $=0.60) was the most supported of the 13 models we considered, indicating that percent sagebrush cover strongly influenced selection. Logistic odds ratios indicated that the probability of selection by sage-grouse increased by 1.867 for every 1% increase in sagebrush cover (95% CI=1.6272.141) and by 1.041 for every 1cm increase in sagebrush height (95% CI=1.0021.082). The interaction between percent sagebrush canopy cover and sagebrush height (=0.01, SE0.01; odds ratio=0.987 [95% CI=0.9830.992]) also was significant. Management could focus on avoiding additional loss of sagebrush habitat, identifying areas of critical winter habitat, and implementing management actions based on causal mechanisms (e.g., soil moisture, precipitation) that affect sagebrush community structure in this region. Published 2012. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Swanson, Christopher C.; Grovenburg, Troy W.; Kaczor, Nicholas W.; Herman-Brunson, Katie M.; Jenks, Jonathan A.; Jensen, Kent C.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Rumble, Mark A.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Rapid City, SD 57702 USA. [Klaver, Robert W.] Iowa State Univ, Iowa Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Swanson, CC (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 1 1st St SW, Kulm, ND 58456 USA. EM chris_swanson@fws.gov RI Jenks, Jonathan/B-7321-2009; Grovenburg, Troy/K-3346-2012 FU United States Bureau of Land Management in North Dakota [ESA000013]; United States Bureau of Land Management in South Dakota [ESA000013]; United States Bureau of Land Management in Montana [ESA000013]; South Dakota State University; North Dakota Game and Fish Department; United States Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station [05-JV-11221609-127]; United States Dakota Prairie National Grasslands [05-CS-11011800-022] FX We thank C. L. Aldridge and J. W. Connelly for comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript. This research was supported by the United States Bureau of Land Management (ESA000013) in North Dakota, South Dakota, and Montana; South Dakota State University; North Dakota Game and Fish Department; the United States Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station (05-JV-11221609-127), and the United States Dakota Prairie National Grasslands (05-CS-11011800-022). The success of this project was possible due to guidance or field assistance provided by C. A. Berdan, T. Zachmeier, R. M. King, D. Barron, T. C. Berdan, J. M. Wrede, G. D. Kobriger, T. M. Juntti, S. C. Kohn, A. C. Robinson, K. Undlin, A. D. Apa, L. J. Becht, and numerous volunteers. Any mention of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U. S. Government. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. NR 79 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 41 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD APR PY 2013 VL 77 IS 3 BP 486 EP 494 DI 10.1002/jwmg.484 PG 9 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 115ND UT WOS:000316818100007 ER PT J AU Donner, DM Anderson, D Eklund, D St Pierre, M AF Donner, Deahn M. Anderson, Dean Eklund, Daniel St Pierre, Matthew TI Large-scale forest composition influences northern goshawk nesting in Wisconsin SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Accipiter gentilis atricapillus; Bayesian inference; Chequamegon-Nicolet National Forest; nesting habitat; northern goshawk; spatial scales; Wisconsin ID ACCIPITER GENTILIS ATRICAPILLUS; HABITAT SELECTION; MANAGEMENT; CONSERVATION; MINNESOTA; AREAS; PRODUCTIVITY; OCCUPANCY; MODELS; OREGON AB The northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis atricapillus) is a woodland raptor that uses a variety of forest types for nesting across its breeding range, but strongly depends on older forests with large trees and open understories. Goshawks may select nesting locations by maximizing the convergence of nesting and foraging habitats. Insights into goshawk responses to heterogeneous landscapes can be gained by examining the location of active nest sites through time and at multiple spatial scales. We examined the landscape-scale forest conditions that influenced the probability of active goshawk nests in the United States Forest Service, Chequamegon-Nicolet National Forest (CNNF) in northern Wisconsin. We used goshawk nest survey and monitoring data from 1997 to 2006 to determine the probability of an active nest site over time in relation to forest composition and road density at 3 scales (200-m, 500-m, and 1,000-m radii). Goshawk nests were located primarily in upland hardwood (64%), conifer (23%), and older aspenbirch (26 yrs old; 11%) habitat cover types. We used Bayesian temporal autoregressive models of nest locations across multiple spatial scales to analyze these data. The probability of active goshawk nest occurrence increased with increasing conifer cover (1,000m) and decreased with increasing cover of older aspenbirch and density of primary roads (500m). In addition, lesser proportions of older aspenbirch at intermediate scales around goshawk nests had a stronger effect on the probability of a nest being active than conifer and primary roads. Thus, the ratio of conifer cover (within 1,000m) to older aspenbirch cover (within 500m) in landscapes surrounding nest sites was the key driver in predicting the probability of an active nest site. This finding can be used by forest managers to help sustain the active status of a goshawk nesting area through time (i.e., annually), and foster goshawk nesting activity in areas where active nesting is not currently occurring. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Donner, Deahn M.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Inst Appl Ecosyst Studies, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. [Anderson, Dean] Landcare Res, Lincoln 7640, New Zealand. [Eklund, Daniel] US Forest Serv, Chequamegon Nicolet Natl Forest, Park Falls, WI 54552 USA. [St Pierre, Matthew] US Forest Serv, Chequamegon Nicolet Natl Forest, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. RP Donner, DM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Inst Appl Ecosyst Studies, 5985 Highway K, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. EM ddonnerwright@fs.fed.us NR 57 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 48 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD APR PY 2013 VL 77 IS 3 BP 495 EP 504 DI 10.1002/jwmg.485 PG 10 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 115ND UT WOS:000316818100008 ER PT J AU Brown, P Gipson, C AF Brown, Patricia Gipson, Chester TI A word from OLAW and APHIS SO LAB ANIMAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Brown, Patricia] NIH, OLAW, OER, OD,HHS, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Gipson, Chester] USDA, APHIS, AC, Washington, DC USA. RP Brown, P (reprint author), NIH, OLAW, OER, OD,HHS, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0093-7355 J9 LAB ANIMAL JI Lab Anim. PD APR PY 2013 VL 42 IS 4 BP 121 EP 121 PG 1 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 115XW UT WOS:000316846200017 PM 23511079 ER PT J AU Powell, JM MacLeod, M Vellinga, TV Opio, C Falcucci, A Tempio, G Steinfeld, H Gerber, P AF Powell, J. M. MacLeod, M. Vellinga, T. V. Opio, C. Falcucci, A. Tempio, G. Steinfeld, H. Gerber, P. TI Feed-milk-manure nitrogen relationships in global dairy production systems SO LIVESTOCK SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Global dairy; Feed; Milk; Manure; Nitrogen; Environment ID DIETARY-PROTEIN; NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT; USE EFFICIENCY; UREA NITROGEN; FARMS; COWS; EXCRETION; CYCLE; PERFORMANCE; EMISSIONS AB Nitrogen (N) inputs from fertilizer, biologically-fixed N, feed, and animal manure sustain productive agriculture. Agricultural systems are limited however in their ability to incorporate N into products, and environmental N losses may become local, regional and global concerns. The anticipated increases in global demand for food, especially for animal products, necessitate an urgent search for practices that enhance N use efficiency (NUE) and reduce environmental N loss. The objectives of this study were to determine feed-milk-manure N relationships for the global dairy herd, and to evaluate how well regional and production system determinations of these relationships correspond to measurements made under experimental conditions and on commercial dairy farms. Data on dairy cattle populations, feed and milk production from 142 countries were used in a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) model to determine dry matter intake (DMI), N intake (NI), the percentage of NI secreted as milk N (NUE-milk), the percent of NI used by the whole-herd (NUE-herd), and manure N excretion (Nex). On a global basis, an average lactating cow weighs approximately 420 kg; per animal unit (AU = 1000 kg live weight) daily DMI and NI are 21.0 kg and 477 g, respectively; annual milk production is 5000 kg/AU; and NUE-milk and NUE-herd are 16.0% and 15.6%, respectively. Approximately 37% of global lactating cows have NUE-milk of < 10% and these low efficient cows account for 10% of the milk production and 33% of Nex globally. Approximately 30% of global lactating cows have NUE-milk between 21% and 25% and these cows account for 53% of the milk production and 35% of Nex globally. Estimates of NUE-milk and Nex corresponded well to measurements under experimental and commercial farm conditions. Study determinations of Nex were however 3-50% lower than IPCC Tier 1 values of Nex for Africa, Middle East, Latin America and Asia. The apparent accuracy of LCA model calculations of Nex should enhance regional, production system and global determinations of dairy Nex loss during collection, storage, and land application, and the amounts of Nex actually recycled through crops and pastures. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Powell, J. M.] ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [MacLeod, M.; Opio, C.; Falcucci, A.; Tempio, G.; Steinfeld, H.; Gerber, P.] UN, Food & Agr Org, Anim Prod & Hlth Div, I-00153 Rome, Italy. [Vellinga, T. V.] Wageningen UR Livestock Res, NL-8200 AB Lelystad, Netherlands. RP Powell, JM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, 1925 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM mark.powell@ars.usda.gov OI Vellinga, Theun/0000-0002-0784-1318 FU FAO's Animal Production and Health Division FX Appreciation to FAO's Animal Production and Health Division for inviting J.M. Powell to undertake this study and partial funding for the assignment at FAO headquarters in Rome, Italy. NR 63 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 5 U2 74 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-1413 J9 LIVEST SCI JI Livest. Sci. PD APR PY 2013 VL 152 IS 2-3 BP 261 EP 272 DI 10.1016/j.livsci.2013.01.001 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 111MI UT WOS:000316525000019 ER PT J AU Amato, P Young, RL Steinberg, FM Murray, MJ Lewis, RD Cramer, MA Barnes, S Ellis, KJ Shypailo, RJ Fraley, JK Konzelmann, KL Fischer, JG LaSalle, C Smith, EO Wong, WW AF Amato, Paula Young, Ronald L. Steinberg, Francene M. Murray, Michael J. Lewis, Richard D. Cramer, Margaret A. Barnes, Stephen Ellis, Kenneth J. Shypailo, Roman J. Fraley, Joe Kennard Konzelmann, Karen L. Fischer, Joan G. LaSalle, Colette Smith, Elliot O'Brian Wong, William W. TI Effect of soy isoflavone supplementation on menopausal quality of life SO MENOPAUSE-THE JOURNAL OF THE NORTH AMERICAN MENOPAUSE SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Soy isoflavones; Menopause; Quality of life ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; DOUBLE-BLIND; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; HOT FLASHES; PERIMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; CLIMACTERIC SYMPTOMS; EQUOL SUPPLEMENT; JAPANESE WOMEN; MULTICENTER AB Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of soy isoflavone supplementation on quality of life in postmenopausal women. Methods: A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled 24-month trial was conducted to assess the effect of 80 or 120 mg of daily aglycone hypocotyl soy isoflavone supplementation on quality of life in 403 postmenopausal women using a validated Menopause-Specific Quality of Life questionnaire. Results: Menopause-Specific Quality of Life domain scores at 1 year and 2 years were similar to baseline. There were no differences in domain scores among treatment groups. Conclusions: Soy isoflavone supplementation offers no benefit to quality of life in postmenopausal women. C1 [Amato, Paula; Young, Ronald L.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97239 USA. [Steinberg, Francene M.; LaSalle, Colette] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Murray, Michael J.] Kaiser Fdn Res Inst, Sacramento, CA USA. [Lewis, Richard D.; Cramer, Margaret A.; Fischer, Joan G.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Barnes, Stephen] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA. [Ellis, Kenneth J.; Shypailo, Roman J.; Fraley, Joe Kennard; Konzelmann, Karen L.; Smith, Elliot O'Brian; Wong, William W.] Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, ARS, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Amato, P (reprint author), Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, 3303 SW Bond Ave,CH10F, Portland, OR 97239 USA. EM amatop@ohsu.edu FU US Department of Agriculture/Cooperative State Research, Education, and the Extension Service/Initiatives for Future Agriculture and Food Systems [2001-52102-11255]; National Institutes of Health General Clinical Research Center [M01-RR00188] FX This study was supported by the US Department of Agriculture/Cooperative State Research, Education, and the Extension Service/Initiatives for Future Agriculture and Food Systems (grant 2001-52102-11255) and by the National Institutes of Health General Clinical Research Center (grant M01-RR00188). NR 34 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 27 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1072-3714 J9 MENOPAUSE JI Menopause-J. N. Am. Menopause Soc. PD APR PY 2013 VL 20 IS 4 BP 443 EP 447 DI 10.1097/gme.0b013e318275025e PG 5 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 115GN UT WOS:000316800700013 PM 23211877 ER PT J AU Sharma, VK Bearson, SMD AF Sharma, V. K. Bearson, S. M. D. TI Evaluation of the impact of quorum sensing transcriptional regulator SdiA on long-term persistence and fecal shedding of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in weaned calves SO MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS LA English DT Article DE Quorum sensing; EHEC; LEE; O157 ID SALMONELLA-ENTERICA; GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT; CONTROLS EXPRESSION; VIRULENCE FACTORS; LUXR HOMOLOG; O157-H7; GENES; IDENTIFICATION; COLONIZATION; OPERON AB Escherichia coli O157:H7 (O157) colonization of bovine intestine is mediated through the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE)-encoded type III secretion system and secreted virulence proteins that promote colonization of the recto-anal junction (RAJ) of the large intestine of cattle. The quorum sensing transcriptional regulator SdiA, a homolog of LuxR, has been shown in vitro to repress LEE strongly when overexpressed from a multi-copy recombinant plasmid or when its activity is enhanced by the binding of N-acyl-L-homoserine lactones (AHLs), the quorum sensing signals that are detected by SdiA. Since LEE has been shown to be essential for colonization and persistence of O157 in bovine intestine, we examined whether a mutation in sdiA, which normally represses LEE in vitro, would also exert negative effect on colonization and long-term persistence of O157 in weaned calves. Ten-week old weaned calves (n = 4/group) were inoculated orally with 10(10) cfu of either the wild-type or sdiA mutant strain. Initial fecal shedding of the sdiA mutant and the wild-type strain were similar in magnitude and declined during the first 2 weeks post-inoculation. The sdiA mutant was detected in feces of only one of the four calves at low levels (>= 10(2) cfu/g feces) from days 19 - 27 post-inoculation, whereas, the fecal shedding of the wild-type strain persisted at approximately 4-logs in all four calves from days 19 - 27. We also confirmed that SdiA represses ler, which encodes a positive transcriptional regulator of LEE, in response to AHLs, and reduces adherence of 0157 to HEp-2 cells. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that although in vitro the sdiA gene represses LEE and LEE-mediated adherence to cultured cells, the presence of sdiA is necessary for colonization of bovine large intestine that in turn promotes persistent fecal shedding of O157 by these animals. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Sharma, V. K.; Bearson, S. M. D.] ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Sharma, VK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, 1920 Dayton Ave,Bldg 24,POB 70, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM vijay.sharma@ars.usda.gov NR 24 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 23 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0882-4010 J9 MICROB PATHOGENESIS JI Microb. Pathog. PD APR PY 2013 VL 57 BP 21 EP 26 DI 10.1016/j.micpath.2013.02.002 PG 6 WC Immunology; Microbiology SC Immunology; Microbiology GA 116ZH UT WOS:000316921400004 PM 23415735 ER PT J AU Tomason, Y Nimmakayala, P Levi, A Reddy, UK AF Tomason, Yan Nimmakayala, Padma Levi, Amnon Reddy, Umesh K. TI Map-based molecular diversity, linkage disequilibrium and association mapping of fruit traits in melon SO MOLECULAR BREEDING LA English DT Article DE Linkage disequilibrium; Fruit traits; Microsatellites; Melon; Population structure ID CUCUMIS-MELO; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; GENETIC-STRUCTURE; QUALITY TRAITS; L.; MARKERS; GERMPLASM; SOFTWARE; GENOME; MAIZE AB Melon has tremendous fruit diversity, the product of complex interactions of consumer preferences in different countries and a wide range of agro-climatic zones. Understanding footprints of divergence underlying formation of various morphotypes is important for developing sustainable and high-quality melons. Basic understanding of population structure and linkage disequilibrium (LD) is limited in melon and has lagged behind other crops. Characterization of population structure and LD are essential for carrying out association mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTL) underlying various complex traits. Mapped single-locus microsatellite markers are known to be very valuable for resolving the population structure and 268 such markers were used in the current study to resolve population structure and LD pattern using 87 accessions of melons belonging to Eastern European, Euro-North American and Asian types. A mixed linear model was implemented to detect QTL for various fruit traits. Various levels of QTL with high to moderate stringency were detected for fruit shape, fruit weight, soluble solids, and rind pressure and a majority of them was found to be in agreement with the previously published data, indicating that association mapping can be very useful for melon molecular breeding. Minor discrepancies in the position, strength and the variation explained by the QTL present between the methods of association and recombinant mapping approaches can be bridged if more melon groups and larger sets of accessions are involved in future studies, combined with high-throughput marker panels. C1 [Tomason, Yan; Nimmakayala, Padma; Reddy, Umesh K.] West Virginia State Univ, Dept Biol, Gus R Douglass Inst, Institute, WV 25112 USA. [Tomason, Yan] Dnipropetrovsk State Agr Univ, UA-49600 Dnepropetrovsk, Ukraine. [Levi, Amnon] ARS, US Vegetable Lab, USDA, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. RP Reddy, UK (reprint author), West Virginia State Univ, Dept Biol, Gus R Douglass Inst, Institute, WV 25112 USA. EM ureddy@wvstateu.edu FU Gus R. Douglass Institute; USDA-NIFA Research [2007-03466, 2010-02247, 2012-02511] FX The authors are grateful to Drs. Hankins, Malkaram and Barry for critical review of the manuscript. Funding support is provided by Gus R. Douglass Institute (Evans Allen Project to Nimmakayala) and USDA-NIFA Research (2007-03466, 2010-02247 and 2012-02511). NR 62 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 62 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1380-3743 J9 MOL BREEDING JI Mol. Breed. PD APR PY 2013 VL 31 IS 4 BP 829 EP 841 DI 10.1007/s11032-013-9837-9 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 119EO UT WOS:000317080800008 ER PT J AU Eizenga, GC Prasad, B Jackson, AK Jia, MH AF Eizenga, G. C. Prasad, B. Jackson, A. K. Jia, M. H. TI Identification of rice sheath blight and blast quantitative trait loci in two different O-sativa/O-nivara advanced backcross populations SO MOLECULAR BREEDING LA English DT Article DE Oryza sativa; Rhizoctonia solani; Magnaporthe oryzae; Oryza species; Advanced-backcross; QTL mapping; Asian rice ID YIELD-RELATED TRAITS; ORYZA-SATIVA; DISEASE RESISTANCE; BROAD-SPECTRUM; QTL-ANALYSIS; SEGREGATION DISTORTION; AGRONOMIC IMPORTANCE; MAGNAPORTHE-ORYZAE; MOLECULAR MARKERS; CONFIRMING QTLS AB Two accessions of Oryza nivara, a wild ancestral species of rice (O. sativa) identified as being moderately resistant to sheath blight and leaf blast disease, were used as donor parents to develop two advanced backcross populations with the US rice cultivar, Bengal, as the recurrent parent. The O. nivara donor parent for Wild-1 (252 BC2F1 lines) was acc. IRGC100898 and for Wild-2 (253 BC2F1 lines) was acc. IRGC104705. Both populations were genotyped with 131 simple sequence repeat markers and the linkage maps covered 1,567.5 cM (Wild-1) and 1,312.2 cM (Wild-2). Sheath blight (ShB) disease was evaluated in both inoculated greenhouse and field conditions. Days to heading (DH), plant height (PH), and plant type (PT), confounding factors for sheath blight disease under field conditions, were recorded. Leaf blast disease was rated under inoculated greenhouse conditions. Multiple interval mapping identified qShB6 with resistance to sheath blight disease attributed to the O. nivara parent in the greenhouse. In the field, qShB6 also was the most significant ShB quantitative trait locus (QTL) in all trials, with resistance attributed to O. nivara. In addition, qShB1 and qShB3 were identified in all trials but were not always attributed to the same parent. The qShB6 QTL is in the same region as the DH-QTL, qDH6, and qShB1 is in the same region as the major PH-QTL, qPH1, suggesting that these ShB-QTL may be confounded by other traits. Although qShB3 did not have as large an effect as other loci, it was not confounded by either DH or PH. For leaf blast, qBLAST8-1 was found in both populations providing resistance to races IB1 and IB49, whereas qBLAST12 providing resistance to both races, was only found in Wild-2. Resistance was attributed to O. nivara for both QTL, and blast resistance genes have been previously reported in these regions. C1 [Eizenga, G. C.; Jackson, A. K.; Jia, M. H.] USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Prasad, B.] Univ Arkansas, Rice Res & Extens Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. RP Eizenga, GC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, 2890 Hwy 130 E, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. EM georgia.eizenga@ars.usda.gov FU USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service-National Research Initiative-Applied Plant Genomics Program (USDA/CSREES) [2004-35317-14867]; Arkansas Rice Research and Promotion Board FX This work was supported in part by the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service-National Research Initiative-Applied Plant Genomics Program entitled "RiceCAP: A coordinated research, education, and extension project for the application of genomic discoveries to improve rice in the United States" (USDA/CSREES grant 2004-35317-14867). The early generation crossing (F1, BC1) was supported in part with funds from the Arkansas Rice Research and Promotion Board. The excellent technical assistance of Quynh P. H. Grunden and student intern Robert G. Floyd at the Dale Bumpers National Rice Research Center is also acknowledged. We acknowledge Dr. Fleet N. Lee and Scott Belmar (University of Arkansas, Rice Research and Extension Center) for technical assistance with field testing and inoculum preparation, Dr. J. Clare Nelson (Kansas State University) for valuable inputs especially with regards to the data analysis using QGene software, and Dr. Shannon R. Pinson for valuable comments on this manuscript. NR 84 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 31 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1380-3743 J9 MOL BREEDING JI Mol. Breed. PD APR PY 2013 VL 31 IS 4 BP 889 EP 907 DI 10.1007/s11032-013-9843-y PG 19 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 119EO UT WOS:000317080800013 ER PT J AU Luo, ZD Zhang, JH Li, JH Yang, CX Wang, TT Ouyang, B Li, HX Giovannoni, J Ye, ZB AF Luo, Zhidan Zhang, Junhong Li, Jinhua Yang, Changxian Wang, Taotao Ouyang, Bo Li, Hanxia Giovannoni, James Ye, Zhibiao TI A STAY-GREEN protein SlSGR1 regulates lycopene and beta-carotene accumulation by interacting directly with SlPSY1 during ripening processes in tomato SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE fruit ripening; lycopene; PSY1; SGR1; tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) ID PHYTOENE SYNTHASE GENE; CHLOROPHYLL DEGRADATION; FRUIT-DEVELOPMENT; LEAF SENESCENCE; BIOSYNTHESIS; ARABIDOPSIS; PLANTS; CLONING; OXYGEN; STRESS AB As a primary source of lycopene in the human diet, fleshy fruits synthesize this compound both denovo and via chlorophyll metabolism during ripening. SlSGR1 encodes a STAY-GREEN protein that plays a critical role in the regulation of chlorophyll degradation in tomato leaves and fruits. We report that SlSGR1 can regulate tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) lycopene accumulation through direct interaction with a key carotenoid synthetic enzyme SlPSY1, and can inhibit its activity. This interaction with SlSGR1 mediates lycopene accumulation during tomato fruit maturation. We confirmed this inhibitory activity in bacteria engineered to produce lycopene, where the introduction of SlSGR1 reduced dramatically lycopene biosynthesis. The repression of SlSGR1 in transgenic tomato fruits resulted in altered accumulation patterns of phytoene and lycopene, whilst simultaneously elevating SlPSY1 mRNA accumulation and plastid conversion at the early stages of fruit ripening, resulting in increased lycopene and -carotene (four- and nine-fold, respectively) in red ripe fruits. SlSGR1 influences ethylene signal transduction via the altered expression of ethylene receptor genes and ethylene-induced genes. Fruit shelf-life is extended significantly in SlSGR1-repressed tomatoes. Our results indicate that SlSGR1 plays a pivotal regulatory role in color formation and fruit ripening regulation in tomato, and further suggest that SlSGR1 activity is mediated through direct interaction with PSY1. C1 [Luo, Zhidan; Zhang, Junhong; Li, Jinhua; Yang, Changxian; Wang, Taotao; Ouyang, Bo; Li, Hanxia; Ye, Zhibiao] Huazhong Agr Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Hort Plant Biol, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China. [Giovannoni, James] USDA, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Giovannoni, James] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Ye, ZB (reprint author), Huazhong Agr Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Hort Plant Biol, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China. EM zbye@mail.hzau.edu.cn FU 973 Project [2011CB100600]; National Science Foundation of China [31230064, 31272182] FX We thank Genetwister Technologies B. V. of the Netherlands who kindly provided the RNAi vector of SlSGR1. We also thank Dr H. Kuang for critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by grants of the 973 Project (2011CB100600) and the National Science Foundation of China (31230064 and 31272182). NR 59 TC 27 Z9 33 U1 7 U2 104 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0028-646X J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 198 IS 2 BP 442 EP 452 DI 10.1111/nph.12175 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 112XV UT WOS:000316629500013 PM 23406468 ER PT J AU Moran, EV Kubiske, ME AF Moran, Emily V. Kubiske, Mark E. TI Can elevated CO2 and ozone shift the genetic composition of aspen (Populus tremuloides) stands? SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Bayesian; CO 2; FACE; growth; mortality; ozone; Populus tremuloides (aspen); selection ID ATMOSPHERIC CO2; QUAKING ASPEN; GENOTYPIC VARIATION; GROWTH-RESPONSES; CARBON-DIOXIDE; FOREST TREES; INSECT PERFORMANCE; TREMBLING ASPEN; PLANT-GROWTH; AND/OR O-3 AB The world's forests are currently exposed to increasing concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2) and ozone (O3). Both pollutants can potentially exert a selective effect on plant populations. This, in turn, may lead to changes in ecosystem properties, such as carbon sequestration. Here, we report how elevated CO2 and O3 affect the genetic composition of a woody plant population via altered survival. Using data from the Aspen free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) experiment (in which aspen clones were grown in factorial combinations of CO2 and O3), we develop a hierarchical Bayesian model of survival. We also examine how survival differences between clones could affect pollutant responses in the next generation. Our model predicts that the relative abundance of the tested clones, given equal initial abundance, would shift under either elevated CO2 or O3 as a result of changing survival rates. Survival was strongly affected by between-clone differences in growth responses. Selection could noticeably decrease O3 sensitivity in the next generation, depending on the heritability of growth responses and the distribution of seed production. The response to selection by CO2, however, is likely to be small. Our results suggest that the changing atmospheric composition could shift the genotypic composition and average pollutant responses of tree populations over moderate timescales. C1 [Moran, Emily V.] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. [Moran, Emily V.] Univ Tennessee, Natl Inst Math & Biol Synth, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Kubiske, Mark E.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. RP Moran, EV (reprint author), Swiss Fed Inst Technol, CHN G19,Univ Str 16, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. EM emily.moran@env.ethz.ch OI Moran, Emily/0000-0003-4624-1910 FU US Department of the Environment (DOE) [DE-FG02-95ER62125]; US Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service, Northern Research Station; National Science Foundation; US Department of Homeland Security; USDA through NSF [EF-0832858]; University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA FX Aspen FACE was principally supported by the US Department of the Environment (DOE) (grant no. DE-FG02-95ER62125) and the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service, Northern Research Station. This work was conducted whilst E. V. M. was a Postdoctoral Fellow at the National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis, an Institute sponsored by the National Science Foundation, the US Department of Homeland Security and the USDA through NSF Award no. EF-0832858, with additional support from The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA. We would also like to thank all reviewers and editors for their comments on the manuscript. NR 69 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 55 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0028-646X J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 198 IS 2 BP 466 EP 475 DI 10.1111/nph.12153 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 112XV UT WOS:000316629500015 PM 23356555 ER PT J AU Bradshaw, RE Slot, JC Moore, GG Chettri, P de Wit, PJGM Ehrlich, KC Ganley, ARD Olson, MA Rokas, A Carbone, I Cox, MP AF Bradshaw, Rosie E. Slot, Jason C. Moore, Geromy G. Chettri, Pranav de Wit, Pierre J. G. M. Ehrlich, Kenneth C. Ganley, Austen R. D. Olson, Malin A. Rokas, Antonis Carbone, Ignazio Cox, Murray P. TI Fragmentation of an aflatoxin-like gene cluster in a forest pathogen SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE adaptive evolution; aflatoxin; Dothistroma septosporum; dothistromin; forest pathogen; gene cluster; gene organization; secondary metabolite ID ASPERGILLUS-PARASITICUS; DOTHISTROMA-SEPTOSPORUM; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSES; BIOSYNTHETIC-PATHWAY; RECOMBINATION EVENTS; SECONDARY METABOLISM; FUNCTIONAL-ANALYSIS; HORIZONTAL TRANSFER; FILAMENTOUS FUNGI; EVOLUTION AB Plant pathogens use a complex arsenal of weapons, such as toxic secondary metabolites, to invade and destroy their hosts. Knowledge of how secondary metabolite pathways evolved is central to understanding the evolution of host specificity. The secondary metabolite dothistromin is structurally similar to aflatoxins and is produced by the fungal pine pathogen Dothistroma septosporum. Our study focused on dothistromin genes, which are widely dispersed across one chromosome, to determine whether this unusual distributed arrangement evolved from an ancestral cluster. We combined comparative genomics and population genetics approaches to elucidate the origins of the dispersed arrangement of dothistromin genes over a broad evolutionary time-scale at the phylum, class and species levels. Orthologs of dothistromin genes were found in two major classes of fungi. Their organization is consistent with clustering of core pathway genes in a common ancestor, but with intermediate cluster fragmentation states in the Dothideomycetes fungi. Recombination hotspots in a D.septosporum population matched sites of gene acquisition and cluster fragmentation at higher evolutionary levels. The results suggest that fragmentation of a larger ancestral cluster gave rise to the arrangement seen in D.septosporum. We propose that cluster fragmentation may facilitate metabolic retooling and subsequent host adaptation of plant pathogens. C1 [Bradshaw, Rosie E.; Chettri, Pranav; Olson, Malin A.; Cox, Murray P.] Massey Univ, Inst Fundamental Sci, Bioprotect Res Ctr, Palmerston North, New Zealand. [Slot, Jason C.; Rokas, Antonis] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Moore, Geromy G.; Ehrlich, Kenneth C.] ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [de Wit, Pierre J. G. M.] Wageningen Univ, Phytopathol Lab, NL-6700 AP Wageningen, Netherlands. [Ganley, Austen R. D.] Massey Univ, Inst Nat Sci, Albany, New Zealand. [Carbone, Ignazio] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Bradshaw, RE (reprint author), Massey Univ, Inst Fundamental Sci, Bioprotect Res Ctr, Palmerston North, New Zealand. EM r.e.bradshaw@massey.ac.nz RI Slot, Jason/E-4802-2011; Ganley, Austen/L-8120-2013; de Wit, Pierre/A-1998-2013; chettri, pranav/E-4292-2015; Rokas, Antonis/A-9775-2008; Bradshaw, Rosie/C-7846-2011; Cox, Murray/A-1459-2012 OI Ganley, Austen/0000-0002-1917-7522; de Wit, Pierre/0000-0002-4208-288X; Rokas, Antonis/0000-0002-7248-6551; Bradshaw, Rosie/0000-0001-5228-2685; Cox, Murray/0000-0003-1936-0236 FU Office of Science of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the Tertiary Education Commission via Bio-Protection Research Center grants to R. E. B. and M. P. C., by the Royal Society of New Zealand via a Rutherford Fellowship to M. P. C. and by a Willie Commelin Scholten Foundation Fellowship to R. E. B. The D. septosporum genome was sequenced by the US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute (http://www.jgi.doe.gov/), supported by the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy under Contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231). Arne Schwelm, Justine Baker and James Wang (Massey University) are thanked for initial analysis on the dothistromin gene order. Joey Spatafora is thanked for sharing genome sequence data for R. rufulum before publication. NR 77 TC 18 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 42 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0028-646X J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 198 IS 2 BP 525 EP 535 DI 10.1111/nph.12161 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 112XV UT WOS:000316629500021 PM 23448391 ER PT J AU Paul, L Ueland, PM Selhub, J AF Paul, Ligi Ueland, Per Magne Selhub, Jacob TI Mechanistic perspective on the relationship between pyridoxal 5'-phosphate and inflammation SO NUTRITION REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE ceramide; inflammation; kynurenines; pyridoxal 5'-phosphate; sphingosine-1-phosphate ID ARYL-HYDROCARBON RECEPTOR; ABNORMAL VITAMIN-B-6 STATUS; CORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASE; T-CELL PROLIFERATION; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; INDOLEAMINE 2,3-DIOXYGENASE; TRYPTOPHAN CATABOLISM; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; SERINE HYDROXYMETHYLTRANSFERASE; DENDRITIC CELLS AB A variety of inflammatory disease conditions have been found to be associated with low levels of plasma pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP), the active form of vitamin B6, without any indication of a lower dietary intake of vitamin B6, excessive catabolism of the vitamin, or congenital defects in its metabolism. The present review was conducted to examine the existing literature in this regard. Current evidence suggests that the inverse association between plasma PLP and inflammation may be the result of mobilization of this coenzyme to the site of inflammation, for use by the PLP-dependent enzymes of the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan degradation, metabolism of the immunomodulatory sphingolipids, ceramide and sphingosine 1-phosphate, and for serine hydroxymethylase for immune cell proliferation. C1 [Paul, Ligi; Selhub, Jacob] Tufts Univ, JM USDA HNRC, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ueland, Per Magne] Univ Bergen, Inst Med, Pharmacol Sect, Bergen, Norway. [Ueland, Per Magne] Haukeland Hosp, Lab Clin Biochem, N-5021 Bergen, Norway. RP Selhub, J (reprint author), Tufts Univ, JM USDA HNRC, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM Jacob.Selhub@tufts.edu RI Ueland, Per/C-7340-2013 FU United States Department of Agriculture [51520-008-04S] FX Support was received from United States Department of Agriculture cooperative agreement 51520-008-04S. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the United States Department of Agriculture. NR 74 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0029-6643 J9 NUTR REV JI Nutr. Rev. PD APR PY 2013 VL 71 IS 4 BP 239 EP 244 DI 10.1111/nure.12014 PG 6 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 118EP UT WOS:000317006200004 PM 23550784 ER PT J AU Wang, K Zhang, LX Gao, M Lv, LX Zhao, YG Zhang, LS Li, BZ Han, MY Alva, AK AF Wang, Kai Zhang, Lixin Gao, Mei Lv, Lixia Zhao, Yonggui Zhang, Linsen Li, Binzhi Han, Mingyu Alva, Ashok K. TI INFLUENCE OF SALT STRESS ON GROWTH AND ANTIOXIDANT RESPONSES OF TWO MALUS SPECIES AT CALLUS AND PLANTLET STAGES SO PAKISTAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article ID SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; OXIDATIVE STRESS; MEMBRANE-PERMEABILITY; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; POPULUS-EUPHRATICA; TOLERANCE; SALINITY; CULTURE; OXYGEN; NACL AB Soil salinization has become a major threat to apple (Malus domestica L.) production in some regions of China. In this study, we investigated the effects of salt stress i.e. 150 mM NaCl on growth and antioxidant responses of 15-d old callus and plantlets of two Malus species i.e., rootstock Malus robusta Rehd (Rehd) and scion Malus domestica Borkh. cv. Fuji (Fuji) grown on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. Salt stress induced an increase in activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and glutathione reductase (GR) in two Malus species, while a decrease in catalase (CAT) activity in Fuji and unchanged pattern in that in Rehd species respectively at callus and plantlets stages. Additionally, salt stress led to an increase in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide radicals (O-2(center dot-)) contents, along with an enhanced accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) resulting in a decrease in relative growth rate (RGR) of both species. The activities of SOD, POD, CAT and GR of both species at plantlets stage were greater while H2O2, O-2(center dot-) and MDA contents lower than those at callus stage. The two Malus species showed similar accumulation of MDA and RGR at both differentiation stages, although they showed different patterns of H2O2 and O-2(center dot-) accumulation and their corresponding scavenging capacity. The results of this study suggested that callus of both species was more sensitive to salt stress than plantlets. The responses of two Malus species to salt stress were similar at a given differentiation stage. Therefore, callus stage is more appropriate for evaluation of plant responses to salt stress. The scion (Fuji) can be matched with rootstock (Rehd) to adapt to soil salinity stress. C1 [Wang, Kai; Zhang, Lixin; Gao, Mei; Zhao, Yonggui] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Life Sci, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Lv, Lixia] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Forestry, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Linsen; Li, Binzhi; Han, Mingyu] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Hort, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Alva, Ashok K.] USDA ARS, Vegetable & Forage Crops Res Unit, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. RP Zhang, LX (reprint author), Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Life Sci, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM zhanglixinyangling88@yahoo.com.cn FU Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest [201303104]; West Light Foundation of CAS [2060299-14]; Program for Agricultural Sci-Tech Innovation of Shaanxi Province [2011NXC01-18]; Environment Protection Program [2012-47]; Sci-tech Co-ordinating Innovative Engineering Projects of Shaanxi Province [2011KTZB02-02-05] FX This research was supported by Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (201303104) and West Light Foundation of CAS (2060299-14), Program for Agricultural Sci-Tech Innovation of Shaanxi Province (2011NXC01-18), Environment Protection Program (2012-47) and Sci-tech Co-ordinating Innovative Engineering Projects of Shaanxi Province (2011KTZB02-02-05). NR 47 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 5 PU PAKISTAN BOTANICAL SOC PI KARACHI PA DEPT OF BOTANY UNIV KARACHI, 32 KARACHI, PAKISTAN SN 0556-3321 J9 PAK J BOT JI Pak. J. Bot. PD APR PY 2013 VL 45 IS 2 BP 375 EP 381 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 117YE UT WOS:000316988400004 ER PT J AU Leskey, TC Wright, SE Saguez, J Vincent, C AF Leskey, Tracy C. Wright, Starker E. Saguez, Julien Vincent, Charles TI Impact of insecticide and fungicide residue contact on plum curculio, Conotrachelus nenuphar (Herbst), mobility and mortality: implications for pest management SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE plum curculio; mobility; reduced-risk insecticide; IPM ID BAITED TRAP TREES; COMMERCIAL APPLE ORCHARDS; COLEOPTERA-CURCULIONIDAE; SYNTHETIC PYRETHROIDS; DIPTERA-CULICIDAE; NATURAL ENEMIES; RESPONSES; SPRAYS; ADULTS AB BACKGROUND An evaluation was made of the effects of seven neurotoxic insecticides (esfenvalerate, indoxacarb, clothianidin, thiacloprid, azinphosmethyl, phosmet and imidacloprid), one insect growth regulator (novaluron) and two fungicides (myclobutanin and mancozeb), with water as the control, on the horizontal mobility of plum curculios exposed to dried pesticide residues. Mobility was recorded over a 2 h period using ethological tracking software. Mortality was recorded immediately after horizontal mobility experiments and 24 h later. RESULTS Esfenvalerate had the greatest impact on mobility. Immediately after exposure to this compound, plum curculios moved significantly greater distances and for a significantly longer period of time compared with all other compounds. After 24 h, esfenvalerate also led to high mortality rates (>86.0%). Exposure to azinphosmethyl and phosmet also led to high rates of mortality, although the impact on mobility was less pronounced. Exposure to indoxacarb, thiacloprid, imidacloprid, novaluron, myclobutanin and mancozeb had no impact on mobility and resulted in little to no mortality. Clothianidin affected mobility after a 2 h exposure period, and high mortality (60%) was recorded after 24 h. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that, in the context of a treated orchard, plum curculios exposed to dried pesticide residues may be capable of foraging before succumbing to toxicant exposure, while exposure to pesticides such as esfenvalerate may rapidly incapacitate adult plum curculios.(c) 2012 Society of Chemical Industry C1 [Leskey, Tracy C.; Wright, Starker E.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Saguez, Julien; Vincent, Charles] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Hort Res & Dev Ctr, St Jean, PQ, Canada. RP Leskey, TC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 2217 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM tracy.leskey@ars.usda.gov OI SAGUEZ, Julien/0000-0002-8430-5842 FU USDA-NIFA Specialty Crops Research Initiative [2009-51181-06005] FX The authors thank Torri Hancock, Pierre Lemoyne and Manon Porquet for excellent technical assistance. They also thank Eric Hoffman for his helpful comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. This work was supported in part by grant No. 2009-51181-06005 from USDA-NIFA Specialty Crops Research Initiative. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 28 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1526-498X J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. PD APR PY 2013 VL 69 IS 4 BP 464 EP 470 DI 10.1002/ps.3445 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA 112WL UT WOS:000316624900004 PM 23213003 ER PT J AU Olivera, PD Pretorius, ZA Badebo, A Jin, Y AF Olivera, P. D. Pretorius, Z. A. Badebo, A. Jin, Y. TI Identification of Resistance to Races of Puccinia graminis f. sp tritici with Broad Virulence in Triticale (xTriticosecale) SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID WHEAT-STEM RUST; X TRITICOSECALE WITTMACK; SOUTH-AFRICA; UG99; SR31; GENES; LINES; SR24; HYBRIDS; TTKSK AB Olivera, P. D., Pretorius, Z. A., Badebo, A., and Jin, Y. 2013. Identification of resistance to races of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici with broad virulence in triticale (xTriticosecale). Plant Dis. 97:479-484. Triticale (xTriticosecale), an amphiploid of wheat (mainly Triticum turgidum) and cereal rye (Secale cereale), is an excellent source of resistance to wheat stem rust, caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici. A collection of 567 triticale accessions originating from 21 countries was evaluated at the seedling stage for reaction to races of P graminis f. sp. tritici with broad virulence, including TTKSK, TRTTF, and TTTTF. A high frequency (78.4%) of accessions was resistant to race TTKSK, with low infection types ranging from 0; to X. A selection of 353 TTKSK-resistant accessions was evaluated for reaction to three South African isolates of P graminis f. sp. tritici with single and/or combined virulences to stem rust resistance genes SrSatu, Sr27, and SrKw present in triticale. Genes SrSatu, Sr27, and SrKw were postulated to be present in 141 accessions and contributed to TTKSK resistance. The remaining 212 resistant accessions may possess uncharacterized genes or combinations of known genes that could not be determined with these isolates. These accessions were further evaluated for resistance to races TTKST, TPMKC, RKQQC, RCRSC, QCCSM, and MCCFC. Resistance remained effective across the entire set of races in the majority of the accessions (n = 200), suggesting that the resistances are effective against a broad spectrum of virulence. In all, 129 (79.6%) resistant accessions with noncharacterized genes were resistant to moderately resistant in field stem rust nurseries at Debre Zeit (Ethiopia) and St. Paul (Minnesota). Results from evaluating F-2 populations derived from resistant susceptible crosses revealed that resistance to TTKSK in triticale was conferred mostly by single genes with dominant effects. C1 [Olivera, P. D.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Pretorius, Z. A.] Univ Orange Free State, Dept Plant Sci, ZA-9300 Bloemfontein, South Africa. [Badebo, A.] EIAR, Debre Zeit, Ethiopia. [Jin, Y.] ARS, USDA, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Jin, Y (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM yue.jin@ARS.USDA.GOV FU United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service; Durable Rust Resistance of Wheat (DRRW), Cornell FX This research was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service and the Durable Rust Resistance of Wheat (DRRW), Cornell. We thank L. Wanschura, S. Gale, G. Hiwot Abraha, C. Steyn, and C. Bender for their technical assistance; and H. Bockelman, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, National Small Grains Collection, Aberdeen, ID, for providing triticale seed. NR 38 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 20 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD APR PY 2013 VL 97 IS 4 BP 479 EP 484 DI 10.1094/PDIS-05-12-0459-RE PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 110GL UT WOS:000316430500006 ER PT J AU Xing, JJ Jia, YL Correll, JC Lee, FN Cartwright, R Cao, ML Yuan, LP AF Xing, Junjie Jia, Yulin Correll, James C. Lee, Fleet N. Cartwright, Richard Cao, Mengliang Yuan, Longping TI Analysis of Genetic and Molecular Identity Among Field Isolates of the Rice Blast Fungus with an International Differential System, Rep-PCR, and DNA Sequencing SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID MAGNAPORTHE-GRISEA; PYRICULARIA-GRISEA; PI-TA; UNITED-STATES; RESISTANCE; REGISTRATION; ORYZAE; GENOME; PATHOTYPES; DIVERSITY AB Xing, J., Jia, Y., Correll, J. C., Lee, F. N., Cartwright, R., Cao, M., and Yuan, L. 2013. Analysis of genetic and molecular identity among field isolates of the rice blast fungus with an international differential system, Rep-PCR, and DNA sequencing. Plant Dis. 97:491-495. The Pi-ta gene deployed in southern U.S. rice germplasm is effective in preventing the infection by strains of Magnaporthe oryzae isolates that carry the avirulence (AVR) gene AVR-Pital. In the present study, 169 isolates from rice (Oryza sativa) cultivars, with and without Pi-ta, were analyzed for their genetic identity using an international differential system, repetitive element-based polymerase chain reaction (Rep-PCR), and sequence analysis of PCR products of AVR-Pital. These isolates belong to the races IA1, IB17, IB17, IC1, and IC17 of M. oryzae. These isolates were further classified into 15 distinct groups by Rep-PCR. There was a predominant group within each race. Pathogenicity assays on 'Katy' (Pi-ta) and 'M202' (pi-ta) rice determined that IC1 was virulent to Katy and M202; IB17, IC17, and most of IA1 and IB1 were avirulent to Katy and virulent to M202, suggesting that the Pi-ta gene in Katy is responsible for preventing infection by these isolates. Consistently, AVR-Pital was not amplified from 28 virulent isolates. One AVR-Pital allele was amplified by AVR-Pita1-specific primers in 78 avirulent isolates. Interestingly, different AVR-Pital alleles were found in each of the 12 avirulent isolates, as determined by DNA sequencing. Sequence analysis of 90 PCR products revealed 10 AVR-Pital haplotypes, 4 of which were new. In total, 12 amino acid changes were identified in the new variants when compared with the first described AVR -Pita sequence (AF207841). The finding of isolates with altered AVR-Pital from rice cultivars with and without Pi-ta suggests that these virulent isolates were adapted to the field environments in the southern United States. Further research will be needed to verify this prediction. C1 [Xing, Junjie] Cent S Univ, Longping Branch Inst, Postgrad Sch, Changsha 410125, Hunan, Peoples R China. [Xing, Junjie; Cao, Mengliang; Yuan, Longping] Natl Hybrid Rice Res & Dev Ctr, State Key Lab Hybrid Rice, Changsha 410125, Hunan, Peoples R China. [Jia, Yulin] ARS, USDA, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Correll, James C.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Plant Pathol, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Lee, Fleet N.] Univ Arkansas, Rice Res & Extens Ctr, Stuttgart, Germany. [Cartwright, Richard] Univ Arkansas, Dept Plant Pathol, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Jia, YL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. EM yulin.jia@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agricultural Research Service National Program 301 project FX This project is supported by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agricultural Research Service National Program 301 project "Responses of rice germplasm to biotic and abiotic stresses". USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 30 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 26 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD APR PY 2013 VL 97 IS 4 BP 491 EP 495 DI 10.1094/PDIS-04-12-0344-RE PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 110GL UT WOS:000316430500008 ER PT J AU de Macedo, DM Pereira, OL Wheeler, GS Barreto, RW AF de Macedo, Davi Mesquita Pereira, Olinto Liparini Wheeler, Gregory Sherman Barreto, Robert Weingart TI Corynespora cassiicola f. sp schinii, a Potential Biocontrol Agent for the Weed Schinus terebinthifolius in the United States SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID FUNGAL ENDOPHYTES; MEDICINAL-PLANTS; SAPROBIC FUNGI; DIVERSITY AB Mesquita de Macedo, D., Pereira, O. L., Wheeler, G. S., and Barret, R. W. 2013. Corynespora cassiicola f. sp. schinii, a potential biocontrol agent for the weed Schinus terebinthifolius in the United States. Plant Dis. 97:496-500. Schinus terebinthifolius (Anacardiaceae), Brazilian peppertree (BP), is a major environmental weed in many tropical and subtropical areas of the globe, including Florida, Hawai'i, and Australia. This plant has been the target of a classical biocontrol project in the United States involving pathogens collected in Brazil for several years. A fungus was found in the Brazilian state of Espirito Santo causing leaf spots and severe foliage blight on BP. Examination of the morphology and internal transcribed spacer sequence analysis confirmed that the fungus is a strain of Corynespora cassiicola. Preliminary host-range tests involving 24 species, including 11 species in the family Anacardiaceae, were conducted with the fungus, and specificity toward BP was confirmed. Plants of Brazilian pepper tree from populations in Florida and Hawai'i included in the tests became severely diseased. Therefore, the recognition of a new forma specialis Corynespora cassiicola f. sp. schinii is proposed. The specificity of this forma specialis and the severity of the disease it caused in the field and under controlled conditions indicate that it has the potential for use as a biocontrol agent for BP in areas where it is an exotic invasive species. C1 [de Macedo, Davi Mesquita; Pereira, Olinto Liparini; Barreto, Robert Weingart] Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Fitopatol, BR-36570000 Vicosa, MG, Brazil. [Wheeler, Gregory Sherman] ARS, USDA, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. RP Barreto, RW (reprint author), Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Fitopatol, BR-36570000 Vicosa, MG, Brazil. EM rbarreto@ufv.br RI Pereira, Olinto/G-5405-2013 OI Pereira, Olinto/0000-0002-0274-4623 FU Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG); Florida Department of Environmental Protection; Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission; South Florida Water Management District; United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service; Conselho Nacional do Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) FX This study forms part of a Ph.D. thesis presented by D. M. Macedo to the Departamento de Fitopatologia/Universidade Federal de Vicosa, undertaken with financial support from the Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG), Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, South Florida Water Management District, United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service, and the Conselho Nacional do Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq). NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD APR PY 2013 VL 97 IS 4 BP 496 EP 500 DI 10.1094/PDIS-06-12-0598-RE PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 110GL UT WOS:000316430500009 ER PT J AU Carmo-Silva, AE Salvucci, ME AF Carmo-Silva, A. Elizabete Salvucci, Michael E. TI The Regulatory Properties of Rubisco Activase Differ among Species and Affect Photosynthetic Induction during Light Transitions SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RIBULOSE-1,5-BISPHOSPHATE CARBOXYLASE OXYGENASE; RIBULOSE-BISPHOSPHATE CARBOXYLASE; STEADY-STATE PHOTOSYNTHESIS; GLYCERALDEHYDE-3-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; NICOTIANA-TABACUM; HEAT-STRESS; MOLECULAR CHAPERONE; ANTISENSE PLANTS; CO2 ASSIMILATION AB Rubisco's catalytic chaperone, Rubisco activase (Rca), uses the energy from ATP hydrolysis to restore catalytic competence to Rubisco. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), inhibition of Rca activity by ADP is fine tuned by redox regulation of the a-isoform. To elucidate the mechanism for Rca regulation in species containing only the redox-insensitive beta-isoform, the response of activity to ADP was characterized for different Rca forms. When assayed in leaf extracts, Rubisco activation was significantly inhibited by physiological ratios of ADP to ATP in species containing both alpha-Rca and beta-Rca (Arabidopsis and camelina [Camelina sativa]) or just the beta-Rca (tobacco [Nicotiana tabacum]). However, Rca activity was insensitive to ADP inhibition in an Arabidopsis transformant, rwt43, which expresses only Arabidopsis beta-Rca, although not in a transformant of Arabidopsis that expresses a tobacco-like beta-Rca. ATP hydrolysis by recombinant Arabidopsis beta-Rca was much less sensitive to inhibition by ADP than recombinant tobacco beta-Rca. Mutation of 17 amino acids in the tobacco beta-Rca to the corresponding Arabidopsis residues reduced ADP sensitivity. In planta, Rubisco deactivated at low irradiance except in the Arabidopsis rwt43 transformant containing an ADP-insensitive Rca. Induction of CO2 assimilation after transition from low to high irradiance was much more rapid in the rwt43 transformant compared with plants containing ADP-sensitive Rca forms. The faster rate of photosynthetic induction and a greater enhancement of growth under a fluctuating light regime by the rwt43 transformant compared with wild-type Arabidopsis suggests that manipulation of Rca regulation might provide a strategy for enhancing photosynthetic performance in certain variable light environments. C1 [Carmo-Silva, A. Elizabete; Salvucci, Michael E.] ARS, USDA, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. RP Salvucci, ME (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. EM mike.salvucci@ars.usda.gov FU Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AI02-97ER20268] FX This work was supported by the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy (Photosynthetic Systems grant no. DE-AI02-97ER20268 to M.E.S.). NR 54 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 6 U2 70 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 161 IS 4 BP 1645 EP 1655 DI 10.1104/pp.112.213348 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 117XZ UT WOS:000316987900006 PM 23417088 ER PT J AU Brodersen, CR McElrone, AJ Choat, B Lee, EF Shackel, KA Matthews, MA AF Brodersen, Craig Robert McElrone, Andrew Joseph Choat, Brendan Lee, Eric Franklin Shackel, Kenneth Andrew Matthews, Mark Allen TI In Vivo Visualizations of Drought-Induced Embolism Spread in Vitis vinifera SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RESOLUTION COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; STRESS-INDUCED CAVITATION; VASCULAR PLANTS; VESSEL CONTENTS; XYLEM EMBOLISM; SUGAR MAPLE; VULNERABILITY; GRAPEVINE; STEMS; DYNAMICS AB Long-distance water transport through plant xylem is vulnerable to hydraulic dysfunction during periods of increased tension on the xylem sap, often coinciding with drought. While the effects of local and systemic embolism on plant water transport and physiology are well documented, the spatial patterns of embolism formation and spread are not well understood. Using a recently developed nondestructive diagnostic imaging tool, high-resolution x-ray computed tomography, we documented the dynamics of drought-induced embolism in grapevine (Vitis vinifera) plants in vivo, producing the first three-dimensional, high-resolution, time-lapse observations of embolism spread. Embolisms formed first in the vessels surrounding the pith at stem water potentials of approximately -1.2 megapascals in drought experiments. As stem water potential decreased, embolisms spread radially toward the epidermis within sectored vessel groupings via intervessel connections and conductive xylem relays, and infrequently (16 of 629 total connections) through lateral connections into adjacent vessel sectors. Theoretical loss of conductivity calculated from the high-resolution x-ray computed tomography images showed good agreement with previously published nuclear magnetic resonance imaging and hydraulic conductivity experiments also using grapevine. Overall, these data support a growing body of evidence that xylem organization is critically important to the isolation of drought-induced embolism spread and confirm that air seeding through the pit membranes is the principle mechanism of embolism spread. C1 [Brodersen, Craig Robert] Univ Florida, Dept Hort Sci, Citrus Res & Educ Ctr, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. [McElrone, Andrew Joseph] ARS, Crops Pathol & Genet Res Unit, USDA, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [McElrone, Andrew Joseph; Lee, Eric Franklin; Matthews, Mark Allen] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Viticulture & Enol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Lee, Eric Franklin] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Shackel, Kenneth Andrew] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Choat, Brendan] Univ Western Sydney, Hawkesbury Inst Environm, Sydney, NSW 2753, Australia. RP Brodersen, CR (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Hort Sci, Citrus Res & Educ Ctr, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. EM brodersen@ufl.edu RI Matthews, Mark/A-5714-2010; Lee, Erinna/N-1523-2015; Brodersen, Craig/J-1112-2016 OI Lee, Erinna/0000-0003-1255-9808; Brodersen, Craig/0000-0002-0924-2570 FU National Science Foundation [0818479]; U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Current Research Information System funding [5306-21220-004-00]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (grant no. 0818479) and U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Current Research Information System funding (research project no. 5306-21220-004-00). The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy (contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231). NR 48 TC 59 Z9 63 U1 2 U2 97 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 161 IS 4 BP 1820 EP 1829 DI 10.1104/pp.112.212712 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 117XZ UT WOS:000316987900019 PM 23463781 ER PT J AU Nallu, S Silverstein, KAT Samac, DA Bucciarelli, B Vance, CP VandenBosch, KA AF Nallu, Sumitha Silverstein, Kevin A. T. Samac, Deborah A. Bucciarelli, Bruna Vance, Carroll P. VandenBosch, Kathryn A. TI Regulatory Patterns of a Large Family of Defensin-Like Genes Expressed in Nodules of Medicago truncatula SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID SYMBIOTIC NITROGEN-FIXATION; DNA-BINDING PROPERTIES; RHIZOBIUM-MELILOTI; ROOT-NODULES; ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES; SELF-INCOMPATIBILITY; PLANT DEFENSINS; ALFALFA NODULES; DIFFERENTIATION; ARABIDOPSIS AB Root nodules are the symbiotic organ of legumes that house nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Many genes are specifically induced in nodules during the interactions between the host plant and symbiotic rhizobia. Information regarding the regulation of expression for most of these genes is lacking. One of the largest gene families expressed in the nodules of the model legume Medicago truncatula is the nodule cysteine-rich (NCR) group of defensin-like (DEFL) genes. We used a custom Affymetrix microarray to catalog the expression changes of 566 NCRs at different stages of nodule development. Additionally, bacterial mutants were used to understand the importance of the rhizobial partners in induction of NCRs. Expression of early NCRs was detected during the initial infection of rhizobia in nodules and expression continued as nodules became mature. Late NCRs were induced concomitantly with bacteroid development in the nodules. The induction of early and late NCRs was correlated with the number and morphology of rhizobia in the nodule. Conserved 41 to 50 bp motifs identified in the upstream 1,000 bp promoter regions of NCRs were required for promoter activity. These cis-element motifs were found to be unique to the NCR family among all annotated genes in the M. truncatula genome, although they contain sub-regions with clear similarity to known regulatory motifs involved in nodule-specific expression and temporal gene regulation. C1 [Nallu, Sumitha; Silverstein, Kevin A. T.; VandenBosch, Kathryn A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Biol, St Paul, MN USA. [Samac, Deborah A.; Bucciarelli, Bruna; Vance, Carroll P.] ARS, USDA, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN USA. RP Samac, DA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN USA. EM dasamac@umn.edu RI Nallu, Sumitha/D-5382-2017 FU National Science Foundation [OB-0516811]; University of Minnesota, College of Biological Sciences FX This work was supported by National Science Foundation award OB-0516811 and by funds from the University of Minnesota, College of Biological Sciences. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 73 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 4 U2 36 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 4 AR e60355 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0060355 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 117CY UT WOS:000316930900067 PM 23573247 ER PT J AU Nan, HM Giovannucci, EL Wu, KN Selhub, J Paul, L Rosner, B Fuchs, CS Cho, E AF Nan, Hongmei Giovannucci, Edward L. Wu, Kana Selhub, Jacob Paul, Ligi Rosner, Bernard Fuchs, Charles S. Cho, Eunyoung TI Pre-Diagnostic Leukocyte Genomic DNA Methylation and the Risk of Colorectal Cancer in Women SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID METHYLENETETRAHYDROFOLATE-REDUCTASE GENE; ONE-CARBON METABOLISM; FOLATE STATUS; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; COMMON MUTATION; BREAST-CANCER; HYPOMETHYLATION; ADENOMA; CARCINOGENESIS; POLYMORPHISM AB Background: Abnormal one-carbon metabolism may lead to general genomic (global) hypomethylation, which may predispose an individual to the development of colorectal neoplasia. Methods: We evaluated the association between pre-diagnostic leukocyte genomic DNA methylation level and the risk of colorectal cancer in a nested case-control study of 358 colorectal cancer cases and 661 matched controls within the all-female cohort of the Nurses' Health Study (NHS). Among control subjects, we further examined major plasma components in the one-carbon metabolism pathway in relation to genomic DNA methylation level. Liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry was used to examine leukocyte genomic DNA methylation level. We calculated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) using logistic regression. Results: Overall genomic DNA methylation level was not associated with the risk of colorectal cancer (p for trend, 0.45). Compared with women in the lowest quintile of methylation, the multivariate OR of colorectal cancer risk was 1.32 (95% CI, 0.82-2.13) for those in the highest quintile. We did not find significant associations between major plasma components of one-carbon metabolism or risk factors for colorectal cancer and genomic DNA methylation level (all p for trend >0.05). Also, neither one-carbon metabolism-related plasma components nor well-known risk factors for colorectal cancer modified the association between genomic DNA methylation level and the risk of colorectal cancer (all p for interaction >0.05). Conclusions: We found no evidence that hypomethylation of leukocyte genomic DNA increases risk of colorectal cancer among women. Additional studies are needed to investigate the association between pre-diagnostic genomic DNA methylation level and colorectal cancer risk among diverse populations. C1 [Nan, Hongmei] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Div Canc Epidemiol, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Nan, Hongmei; Giovannucci, Edward L.; Rosner, Bernard; Fuchs, Charles S.; Cho, Eunyoung] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med, Channing Div Network Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Nan, Hongmei; Giovannucci, Edward L.; Rosner, Bernard; Fuchs, Charles S.; Cho, Eunyoung] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Fuchs, Charles S.] Dana Farber Canc Inst, Dept Med Oncol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Giovannucci, Edward L.; Wu, Kana] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Giovannucci, Edward L.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Selhub, Jacob; Paul, Ligi] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Rosner, Bernard] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Cho, E (reprint author), Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med, Channing Div Network Med, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM eunyoung.cho@channing.harvard.edu FU United States National Institutes of Health [CA136950, CA55075] FX This work was supported by research grants CA136950 and CA55075 from the United States National Institutes of Health. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 42 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 4 AR e59455 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0059455 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 117CY UT WOS:000316930900017 PM 23560049 ER PT J AU Anugu, S Petersson-Wolfe, CS Combs, GF Petersson, KH AF Anugu, Saritha Petersson-Wolfe, Christina S. Combs, Gerald F., Jr. Petersson, Katherine H. TI Effect of vitamin E on the immune system of ewes during late pregnancy and lactation SO SMALL RUMINANT RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Sheep; Vitamin E; Selenium; Immune system; Antioxidant; IgG; Transition period ID DAIRY-COWS; GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE; ANTIBODY-PRODUCTION; TRANSITION PERIOD; ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL; SELENIUM STATUS; SHEEP; HEALTH; SUPPLEMENTATION; RESPONSIVENESS AB The present experiment was designed to determine the effects of a regimen of repeated, intramuscular (i.m.) injections of vitamin E (VE) on innate and humoral components of the immune response of pregnant and lactating ewes. Pregnant ewes were randomly assigned to two treatments consisting of i.m. injections of either VE (30 IU D-alpha-tocopherol/kg BW, n = 10) or equivalent volume of a placebo (emulsified base, n = 8). Injections were administered at 2-week (wk) intervals to all ewes, as a group, for a total of 24 wk. Lambing occurred over a 5-wk period, starting wk 7 of the study. All ewes were administered a booster vaccination for Clostridium tetani and Clostridium perfringens (C + D) at wk 3. Blood and colostrum were analyzed for alpha-tocopherol and selenium content, and extracellular glutathione peroxidase (GPX3) activity as measures of antioxidant status; lysozyme activity as a measure of innate immunity and immunoglobulin G (IgG), and anti-tetanus toxoid IgG (IgG-T) concentration as a measure of humoral immune status. Three ewes in the placebo group did not lamb and were therefore excluded from all analyses. Results showed a significant treatment x week effect of VE supplementation on IgG concentration. VE supplementation increased IgG concentrations in ewes after their yearly booster vaccination against C. tetani and C. perfringens; placebo-treated ewes showed no such response. The extent, magnitude and persistence of the decreased IgG concentration during the transition period were less in VE-supplemented ewes than controls. There was no effect of VE supplementation on the concentration of IgG-T after vaccination. VE-supplementation of pregnant ewes had no effect on serum lysozyme activity. GPX3 increased in both treatment groups, peaking during the transition period. The alpha-tocopherol content of the colostrum of VE-supplemented ewes was greater than that of controls. In conclusion, VE supplementation of pregnant and lactating ewes had an equivocal effect on variables used to assess immune function. The benefit of VE supplementation to pregnant and lactating ewes requires further research however it may have utility in blunting the immune suppression that occurs during the transition period. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Anugu, Saritha; Petersson, Katherine H.] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Fisheries Anim & Vet Sci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. [Petersson-Wolfe, Christina S.] Virginia Tech Univ, Dept Dairy Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Combs, Gerald F., Jr.] USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. RP Petersson, KH (reprint author), 177 CBLS,120 Flagg Rd, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. EM kpetersson@uri.edu FU University of Rhode Island College of the Environment and Life Sciences; CSREES RIAES [RH00129]; Grand Forks Human Nutrition CenterProject [5450-51000-045-00D] FX The authors thank graduate students Maureen Brindley and Kate Rego and numerous undergraduate students for their assistance with this study. We also thank the Peckham Farm staff for excellent care of the animals used in this study, and Craig Lacher and Laura Idso of the Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center for conducting analyses of selenium and GPX3. Neogen Corporation (Lexington, KY) provided the vitamin E supplement used in this study. This research was made possible by the funding provided by the University of Rhode Island College of the Environment and Life Sciences and CSREES RIAES RH00129, and by the Grand Forks Human Nutrition CenterProject 5450-51000-045-00D. NR 33 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4488 J9 SMALL RUMINANT RES JI Small Ruminant Res. PD APR PY 2013 VL 111 IS 1-3 BP 83 EP 89 DI 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2012.10.010 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 111JX UT WOS:000316518700013 ER PT J AU Cobb, JN DeClerck, G Greenberg, A Clark, R McCouch, S AF Cobb, Joshua N. DeClerck, Genevieve Greenberg, Anthony Clark, Randy McCouch, Susan TI Next-generation phenotyping: requirements and strategies for enhancing our understanding of genotype-phenotype relationships and its relevance to crop improvement SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Review ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; MARKER-ASSISTED SELECTION; ROOT-SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE; IMPROVING DROUGHT TOLERANCE; SEGMENT SUBSTITUTION LINES; WATER-USE EFFICIENCY; TURGOR LOSS POINT; ORYZA-SATIVA L.; IMAGE-ANALYSIS; GRAIN-YIELD AB More accurate and precise phenotyping strategies are necessary to empower high-resolution linkage mapping and genome-wide association studies and for training genomic selection models in plant improvement. Within this framework, the objective of modern phenotyping is to increase the accuracy, precision and throughput of phenotypic estimation at all levels of biological organization while reducing costs and minimizing labor through automation, remote sensing, improved data integration and experimental design. Much like the efforts to optimize genotyping during the 1980s and 1990s, designing effective phenotyping initiatives today requires multi-faceted collaborations between biologists, computer scientists, statisticians and engineers. Robust phenotyping systems are needed to characterize the full suite of genetic factors that contribute to quantitative phenotypic variation across cells, organs and tissues, developmental stages, years, environments, species and research programs. Next-generation phenotyping generates significantly more data than previously and requires novel data management, access and storage systems, increased use of ontologies to facilitate data integration, and new statistical tools for enhancing experimental design and extracting biologically meaningful signal from environmental and experimental noise. To ensure relevance, the implementation of efficient and informative phenotyping experiments also requires familiarity with diverse germplasm resources, population structures, and target populations of environments. Today, phenotyping is quickly emerging as the major operational bottleneck limiting the power of genetic analysis and genomic prediction. The challenge for the next generation of quantitative geneticists and plant breeders is not only to understand the genetic basis of complex trait variation, but also to use that knowledge to efficiently synthesize twenty-first century crop varieties. C1 [Cobb, Joshua N.; DeClerck, Genevieve; Greenberg, Anthony; McCouch, Susan] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Cobb, Joshua N.; Clark, Randy] USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Greenberg, Anthony] Cornell Univ, Dept Biol Stat & Computat Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Clark, Randy] Cornell Univ, Dept Biol & Environm Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP McCouch, S (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM srm4@cornell.edu NR 195 TC 94 Z9 103 U1 18 U2 297 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD APR PY 2013 VL 126 IS 4 BP 867 EP 887 DI 10.1007/s00122-013-2066-0 PG 21 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 114TR UT WOS:000316766000001 PM 23471459 ER PT J AU Fu, ZY Chai, YC Zhou, Y Yang, XH Warburton, ML Xu, ST Cai, Y Zhang, DL Li, JS Yan, JB AF Fu, Zhiyuan Chai, Yuchao Zhou, Yi Yang, Xiaohong Warburton, Marilyn L. Xu, Shutu Cai, Ye Zhang, Dalong Li, Jiansheng Yan, Jianbing TI Natural variation in the sequence of PSY1 and frequency of favorable polymorphisms among tropical and temperate maize germplasm SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID CAROTENOID BIOSYNTHETIC-PATHWAY; PHYTOENE DESATURASE; GENETIC-VARIATION; VITAMIN-A; Y1 GENE; ACCUMULATION; SYNTHASE; DIVERSITY; EVOLUTION; CLONING AB Provitamin A (Pro-VA) is necessary for human vision and immune system health, especially in growing children. The first committed step in the maize carotenoid biosynthesis pathway is catalyzed by phytoene synthase 1 (encoded by PSY1) which controls the flux of substrates into the pathway. The flow of these substrates could be directed into production of the beta-branch carotenoids (the step controlled largely by the lycopene epsilon cyclase gene), but terminated after the production of beta-carotene, rather than allowing it to be converted into the next metabolite (the step controlled largely by the beta-carotenoid hydroxylase gene). In this study, PSY1 was subjected to association mapping in two diverse maize populations, quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping in one segregating population, and expression analysis of lines polymorphic for sites within PSY1. The results indicated that a 378-bp InDel upstream of the transcription start site and a SNP in the fifth exon resulting in a Thr to Asn substitution, explaining 7 and 8 % of the total carotenoid variation, respectively, may be functional sites associated with total carotenoid levels in maize grain. Analysis of the evolution of PSY1 strongly suggests that there was positive selection for these polymorphic sites after the divergence of yellow maize from white maize. C1 [Fu, Zhiyuan; Chai, Yuchao; Zhou, Yi; Yang, Xiaohong; Xu, Shutu; Cai, Ye; Zhang, Dalong; Li, Jiansheng] China Agr Univ, Key Lab Crop Genom & Genet Improvement, Minist Agr, Natl Maize Improvement Ctr China, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Fu, Zhiyuan] Henan Agr Univ, Zhengzhou Natl Maize Improvement Subctr China, Zhengzhou 450002, Peoples R China. [Warburton, Marilyn L.] USDA ARS, Corn Host Plant Resistance Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Yan, Jianbing] Huazhong Agr Univ, Natl Key Lab Crop Genet Improvement, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, Peoples R China. RP Yan, JB (reprint author), Huazhong Agr Univ, Natl Key Lab Crop Genet Improvement, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, Peoples R China. EM yjianbing@mail.hzau.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [30821140352, 31000715]; National Hi-Tech Research and Development Program of China [2012AA10A307]; Harvest Plus Challenge Program FX We thank Drs. Brent Buckner and Sherry Flint-Garcia for their useful comments and suggestions. This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30821140352 and 31000715), the National Hi-Tech Research and Development Program of China (2012AA10A307), and the Harvest Plus Challenge Program. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or the preparation of the manuscript. NR 34 TC 13 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 33 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD APR PY 2013 VL 126 IS 4 BP 923 EP 935 DI 10.1007/s00122-012-2026-0 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 114TR UT WOS:000316766000005 PM 23238762 ER PT J AU Hao, YF Cambron, SE Chen, ZB Wang, YY Bland, DE Buntin, GD Johnson, JW AF Hao, Yuanfeng Cambron, Sue E. Chen, Zhenbang Wang, Yingying Bland, Daniel E. Buntin, G. David Johnson, Jerry W. TI Characterization of new loci for Hessian fly resistance in common wheat SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; CECIDOMYIIDAE POPULATIONS; DIPTERA CECIDOMYIIDAE; BIOTYPE COMPOSITION; CHROMOSOME 1AS; WINTER-WHEAT; GENES; REGISTRATION; VIRULENCE; CLUSTER AB The discovery of several new loci for resistance to Hessian fly was reported here. QHf.uga-6AL, the late HR61 was recognized from wheat cultivar 26R61 on the distal end of 6AL with resistance to both biotypes E and vH13. It is the first gene or QTL found on this particular chromosome. QHf.uga-3DL and QHf.uga-1AL, physically assigned to the deletion bins 3DL2-0.27-0.81 and 1AL1-0.17-0.61, respectively, were detected for resistance to biotype vH13. Both QTL should represent new loci for Hessian fly resistance and the latter was detectable only in the late seedling stage when tolerance was evident. In addition, QHf.uga-6DS-C and QHf.uga-1AS had minor effect and were identified from the susceptible parent AGS 2000 for resistance to biotype E and vH13, respectively. QHf.uga-6DS-C is different from the known gene H13 on 6DS and QHf.uga-1AS is different from H9 gene cluster on 1AS. These loci also might be new components of Hessian fly resistance, although their LOD values were not highly significant. The QTL detections were all conducted on a RIL mapping population of 26R61/AGS 2000 with good genome coverage of molecular markers. The strategy used in the current study will serve as a good starting point for the discovery and mapping of resistance genes including tolerance to the pest and the closely linked markers will certainly be useful in selecting or pyramiding of these loci in breeding programs. C1 [Hao, Yuanfeng; Chen, Zhenbang; Wang, Yingying; Bland, Daniel E.; Johnson, Jerry W.] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. [Cambron, Sue E.] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Crop Prod & Pest Control Res Unit, Dept Entomol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Buntin, G. David] Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. RP Johnson, JW (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Griffin Campus, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. EM yfhao@uga.edu; cambron@purdue.edu; zchen@uga.edu; yywang@uga.edu; sgrain@uga.edu; gbuntin@uga.edu; jjohnso@uga.edu FU National Research Initiative of USDA's Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service, CAP [2006-55606-16629] FX The authors acknowledge financial support by the National Research Initiative of USDA's Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service, CAP (Grant No. 2006-55606-16629). NR 55 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 EI 1432-2242 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD APR PY 2013 VL 126 IS 4 BP 1067 EP 1076 DI 10.1007/s00122-012-2037-x PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 114TR UT WOS:000316766000016 PM 23296492 ER PT J AU Terracciano, I Maccaferri, M Bassi, F Mantovani, P Sanguineti, MC Salvi, S Simkova, H Dolezel, J Massi, A Ammar, K Kolmer, J Tuberosa, R AF Terracciano, Irma Maccaferri, Marco Bassi, Filippo Mantovani, Paola Sanguineti, Maria C. Salvi, Silvio Simkova, Hana Dolezel, Jaroslav Massi, Andrea Ammar, Karim Kolmer, James Tuberosa, Roberto TI Development of COS-SNP and HRM markers for high-throughput and reliable haplotype-based detection of Lr14a in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID LEAF RUST RESISTANCE; RESOLUTION MELTING ANALYSIS; SIMPLE SEQUENCE REPEAT; GENETIC-LINKAGE MAP; BREAD WHEAT; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; HEXAPLOID WHEAT; AESTIVUM L.; DISEASE RESISTANCE; PUCCINIA-TRITICINA AB Leaf rust (Puccinia triticina Eriks. & Henn.) is a major disease affecting durum wheat production. The Lr14a-resistant gene present in the durum wheat cv. Creso and its derivative cv. Colosseo is one of the best characterized leaf-rust resistance sources deployed in durum wheat breeding. Lr14a has been mapped close to the simple sequence repeat markers gwm146, gwm344 and wmc10 in the distal portion of the chromosome arm 7BL, a gene-dense region. The objectives of this study were: (1) to enrich the Lr14a region with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and high-resolution melting (HRM)-based markers developed from conserved ortholog set (COS) genes and from sequenced Diversity Array Technology (DArTA (R)) markers; (2) to further investigate the gene content and colinearity of this region with the Brachypodium and rice genomes. Ten new COS-SNP and five HRM markers were mapped within an 8.0 cM interval spanning Lr14a. Two HRM markers pinpointed the locus in an interval of < 1.0 cM and eight COS-SNPs were mapped 2.1-4.1 cM distal to Lr14a. Each marker was tested for its capacity to predict the state of Lr14a alleles (in particular, Lr14-Creso associated to resistance) in a panel of durum wheat elite germplasm including 164 accessions. Two of the most informative markers were converted into KASPar(A (R)) markers. Single assay markers ubw14 and wPt-4038-HRM designed for agarose gel electrophoresis/KASPar(A (R)) assays and high-resolution melting analysis, respectively, as well as the double-marker combinations ubw14/ubw18, ubw14/ubw35 and wPt-4038-HRM-ubw35 will be useful for germplasm haplotyping and for molecular-assisted breeding. C1 [Terracciano, Irma; Maccaferri, Marco; Bassi, Filippo; Mantovani, Paola; Sanguineti, Maria C.; Salvi, Silvio; Tuberosa, Roberto] Univ Bologna, Dept Agr Sci DipSA, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Bassi, Filippo] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Mantovani, Paola; Massi, Andrea] Soc Produttori Sementi Bologna, I-40050 Bologna, Italy. [Simkova, Hana; Dolezel, Jaroslav] Inst Expt Bot, Olomouc 77200, Czech Republic. [Ammar, Karim] CIMMYT, Texcoco 56130, Mexico. [Kolmer, James] ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, USDA, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Maccaferri, M (reprint author), Univ Bologna, Dept Agr Sci DipSA, Viale Fanin 44, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. EM marco.maccaferri@unibo.it RI Simkova, Hana/F-7734-2014; Dolezel, Jaroslav/B-7716-2008; Tuberosa, Roberto/A-2781-2016 OI Simkova, Hana/0000-0003-4159-7619; Dolezel, Jaroslav/0000-0002-6263-0492; Tuberosa, Roberto/0000-0001-9143-9569 FU "AGER-Agroalimentare e Ricerca" foundation; "From Seed to Pasta" project; Emilia-Romagna Region (Laboratorio SITEIA, Misura 4 "Sviluppo di rete", Azione A); Regione Autonoma della Sardegna; Monsanto Beachell-Borlaug International Scholarship FX Research supported by the "AGER-Agroalimentare e Ricerca" foundation, "From Seed to Pasta" project, and by Emilia-Romagna Region (Laboratorio SITEIA, Misura 4 "Sviluppo di rete", Azione A). The Interdepartmental Centre for Biotechnology (University of Bologna, Italy) is gratefully acknowledged. The authors thank S. Corneti and S. Stefanelli for technical assistance in molecular genotyping and phenotyping, J. Cihalikova, R. Sperkova, and Z. Dubska in chromosome sorting and preparation of amplified chromosomal DNA. F. M. Bassi was supported by program "Master and Back" of the Regione Autonoma della Sardegna, and by Monsanto Beachell-Borlaug International Scholarship. NR 120 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 6 U2 46 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 EI 1432-2242 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD APR PY 2013 VL 126 IS 4 BP 1077 EP 1101 DI 10.1007/s00122-012-2038-9 PG 25 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 114TR UT WOS:000316766000017 PM 23292293 ER PT J AU Lee, S Mian, MAR McHale, LK Wang, HH Wijeratne, AJ Sneller, CH Dorrance, AE AF Lee, Sungwoo Mian, M. A. Rouf McHale, Leah K. Wang, Hehe Wijeratne, Asela J. Sneller, Clay H. Dorrance, Anne E. TI Novel quantitative trait loci for partial resistance to Phytophthora sojae in soybean PI 398841 SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID F-SP GLYCINEA; RATE-REDUCING RESISTANCE; MEGASPERMA VAR SOJAE; ORYZAE PV.-ORYZAE; ROOT-ROT; DISEASE RESISTANCE; SEED PROTEIN; MAJOR GENE; HETERODERA-GLYCINES; OIL CONCENTRATION AB Phytophthora root and stem rot caused by Phytophthora sojae Kaufmann and Gerdemann is one of the most severe soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr] diseases in the USA. Partial resistance is as effective in managing this disease as single-gene (Rps gene)-mediated resistance and is more durable. The objective of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with partial resistance to P. sojae in PI 398841, which originated from South Korea. A population of 305 F-7:8 recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross of OX20-8 x PI 398841 was used to evaluate partial resistance against P. sojae isolate C2S1 using a tray test. Composite interval mapping using a genome-wide logarithm of odd (LOD) threshold detected three QTL on chromosomes 1, 13, and 18, which individually explained 4-16 % of the phenotypic variance. Seven additional QTL, accounting for 2-3 % of phenotypic variance each, were identified using chromosome-wide LOD thresholds. Seven of the ten QTL for resistance to P. sojae were contributed by PI 398841. Seven QTL co-localized with known Rps genes and previously reported QTL for soil-borne root pathogens, isoflavone, and seed oil. Three QTL on chromosomes 3, 13, and 18 co-localized with known Rps genes, but PI 398841 did not exhibit an Rps gene-mediated resistance response following inoculation with 48 different isolates of P. sojae. PI 398841 is potentially a source of novel genes for improving soybean cultivars for partial resistance to P. sojae. C1 [Lee, Sungwoo; Mian, M. A. Rouf; Sneller, Clay H.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Hort & Crop Sci, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Mian, M. A. Rouf] Ohio State Univ, USDA ARS, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [McHale, Leah K.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Hort & Crop Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Wang, Hehe; Dorrance, Anne E.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Wijeratne, Asela J.] Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Mol & Cellular Imaging Ctr, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Dorrance, AE (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM dorrance.1@osu.edu RI McHale, Leah/D-9612-2012 FU United Soybean Board; Ohio Soybean Council; Ohio BioProducts Innovation Center (OBIC); Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University FX This study was funded in part by United Soybean Board and Ohio Soybean Council through soybean producer's check-off dollars. We would like to acknowledge Dr. Perry Cregan's laboratory (USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MA) for the preliminary SNP genotyping of parental genotypes with 1,536 SNPs. We also thank T. Mendiola, S. A. Berry, M. Ellis, M. Ortega, Z. Zhang, L. Zelaya, A. Gunadi, D. Wickramasinghe, and C. Phelan for technical assistance and J. Whittier for conducting Illumina's GoldenGate (R) SNP genotyping at the MCIC/OARDC and the Ohio BioProducts Innovation Center (OBIC) for funding of genotyping equipment. Salaries and research support for this project were provided by State and Federal Funds appropriated to the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University. NR 75 TC 13 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 29 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD APR PY 2013 VL 126 IS 4 BP 1121 EP 1132 DI 10.1007/s00122-013-2040-x PG 12 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 114TR UT WOS:000316766000019 PM 23354974 ER PT J AU Bischof, MM Hanson, MA Fulton, MR Kolka, RK Sebestyen, SD Butler, MG AF Bischof, Matthew M. Hanson, Mark A. Fulton, Mark R. Kolka, Randy K. Sebestyen, Stephen D. Butler, Malcolm G. TI Invertebrate Community Patterns in Seasonal Ponds in Minnesota, USA: Response to Hydrologic and Environmental Variability SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE Seasonal ponds; Invertebrate communities; Hydrology; Gradient analysis ID MACROINVERTEBRATE COMMUNITIES; HYDROPERIOD; GROUNDWATER; TEMPORARY; WETLANDS AB Seasonal ponds are common throughout forested regions of the north central United States. These wetlands typically flood due to snow-melt and spring precipitation, then dry by mid-summer. Periodic drying produces unique fishless habitats with robust populations of aquatic invertebrates. A basin's physical/chemical features, the absence of vertebrate predation, and especially the duration of seasonal flooding, have long been viewed as the major structuring influences on these communities, but previous studies have shown only limited effects of environmental variables on pond invertebrates. Applying ordination methods to data from weekly collections of invertebrates during 2008-2009, we tested influences of site-level environmental gradients on the presence and relative abundance of aquatic invertebrate communities in 16 seasonal ponds in a forested region of north central Minnesota, USA. We assessed invertebrate community patterns in relation to pond size and depth, soil nutrients, canopy closure, hydroperiod, and predominant groundwater function (recharge, discharge, or flow-through). Patterns in pond invertebrate community composition were consistently related to pond depth, overhead canopy closure, and hydroperiod. Site-level hydrologic function showed weak relationships to seasonal patterns of invertebrate abundance. Although physical features of ponds had only modest influence on presence and abundance of invertebrates, weekly sampling improved models relating environmental variables to pond invertebrates. C1 [Bischof, Matthew M.; Butler, Malcolm G.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Hanson, Mark A.] Minnesota Dept Nat Resources, Wetland Wildlife Populat & Res Grp, Bemidji, MN 56601 USA. [Fulton, Mark R.] Bemidji State Univ, Dept Biol, Bemidji, MN 56601 USA. [Kolka, Randy K.; Sebestyen, Stephen D.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. RP Hanson, MA (reprint author), Minnesota Dept Nat Resources, Wetland Wildlife Populat & Res Grp, Bemidji, MN 56601 USA. EM mark.alan.hanson@state.mn.us RI Sebestyen, Stephen/D-1238-2013 OI Sebestyen, Stephen/0000-0002-6315-0108 NR 39 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 7 U2 68 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0277-5212 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD APR PY 2013 VL 33 IS 2 BP 245 EP 256 DI 10.1007/s13157-012-0374-9 PG 12 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 113AL UT WOS:000316638000006 ER PT J AU Schmidt, JW Griffin, D Kuehn, LA Brichta-Harhay, DM AF Schmidt, John W. Griffin, Dee Kuehn, Larry A. Brichta-Harhay, Dayna M. TI Influence of Therapeutic Ceftiofur Treatments of Feedlot Cattle on Fecal and Hide Prevalences of Commensal Escherichia coli Resistant to Expanded-Spectrum Cephalosporins, and Molecular Characterization of Resistant Isolates SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BLA(CMY-2)-POSITIVE INCA/C PLASMIDS; AMPC BETA-LACTAMASE; SALMONELLA-ENTERICA; UNITED-STATES; ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT; LAIRAGE ENVIRONMENT; DAIRY CALVES; FOOD ANIMALS; O157-H7 AB In the United States, the bla(CMY-2) gene contained within incompatibility type A/C (IncA/C) plasmids is frequently identified in extended-spectrum-cephalosporin-resistant (ESCr) Escherichia coli strains from both human and cattle sources. Concerns have been raised that therapeutic use of ceftiofur in cattle may increase the prevalence of ESCr E. coli. We report that herd ESCr E. coli fecal and hide prevalences throughout the residency of cattle at a feedlot, including during the period of greatest ceftiofur use at the feedlot, were either not significantly different (P >= 0.05) or significantly less (P<0.05) than the respective prevalences at arrival. Longitudinal sampling of cattle treated with ceftiofur demonstrated that once the transient increase of ESCr E. coli shedding that follows ceftiofur injection abated, ceftiofur-injected cattle were no more likely than untreated members of the same herd to shed ESCr E. coli. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) genotyping, antibiotic resistance phenotyping, screening for presence of the bla(CMY-2) gene, and plasmid replicon typing were performed on 312 ESCr E. coli isolates obtained during six sampling periods spanning the 10-month residence of cattle at the feedlot. The identification of only 26 unique PFGE genotypes, 12 of which were isolated during multiple sampling periods, suggests that clonal expansion of feedlot-adapted bla(CMY-2) E. coli strains contributed more to the persistence of bla(CMY-2) than horizontal transfer of IncA/C plasmids between E. coli strains at this feedlot. We conclude that therapeutic use of ceftiofur at this cattle feedlot did not significantly increase the herd prevalence of ESCr. C1 [Schmidt, John W.; Kuehn, Larry A.; Brichta-Harhay, Dayna M.] ARS, USDA, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE USA. [Griffin, Dee] Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Sch Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Great Plains Vet Educ Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE USA. RP Schmidt, JW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE USA. EM john.w.schmidt@ars.usda.gov OI Schmidt, John/0000-0003-0494-2436 NR 50 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 33 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 79 IS 7 BP 2273 EP 2283 DI 10.1128/AEM.03592-12 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 106ZE UT WOS:000316183500020 PM 23354706 ER PT J AU Kautz, MJM Dvorzhinskiy, A Frye, JG Stevenson, N Herson, DS AF Kautz, Megan J. M. Dvorzhinskiy, Aleksey Frye, Jonathan G. Stevenson, Natalie Herson, Diane S. TI Pathogenicity of Dodecyltrimethylammonium Chloride-Resistant Salmonella enterica SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID THIN AGGREGATIVE FIMBRIAE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; SEROTYPE TYPHIMURIUM; VIRULENCE PLASMID; SEROVAR TYPHIMURIUM; BIOFILM FORMATION; TYPE-1 PILI; HELA-CELLS; SPV GENES AB Salmonella infection causes a self-limiting gastroenteritis in humans but can also result in a life-threatening invasive disease, especially in old, young, and/or immunocompromised patients. The prevalence of antimicrobial and multidrug-resistant Salmonella has increased worldwide since the 1980s. However, the impact of antimicrobial resistance on the pathogenicity of Salmonella strains is not well described. In our study, a microarray was used to screen for differences in gene expression between a parental strain and a strain of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis with reduced susceptibility (SRS) to the widely used antimicrobial sanitizer dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride (DTAC). Three of the genes, associated with adhesion, invasion, and intracellular growth (fimA, csgG, and spvR), that showed differences in gene expression of 2-fold or greater were chosen for further study. Real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (real-time RT-PCR) was used to confirm the microarray data and to compare the expression levels of these genes in the parental strain and four independently derived SRS strains. All SRS strains showed lower levels of gene expression of fimA and csgG than those of the parental strain. Three of the four SRS strains showed lower levels of spvR gene expression while one SRS strain showed higher levels of spvR gene expression than those of the parental strain. Transmission electron microscopy determined that fimbriae were absent in the four SRS strains but copiously present in the parental strain. All four SRS strains demonstrated a significantly reduced ability to invade tissue culture cells compared to the parental strains, suggesting reduced pathogenicity of the SRS strains. C1 [Kautz, Megan J. M.; Dvorzhinskiy, Aleksey; Stevenson, Natalie; Herson, Diane S.] Univ Delaware, Dept Biol Sci, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Frye, Jonathan G.] USDA ARS, Bacterial Epidemiol & Antimicrobial Resistance Re, Athens, GA 30613 USA. RP Herson, DS (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Biol Sci, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM herson@udel.edu RI Frye, Jonathan/I-6382-2013 OI Frye, Jonathan/0000-0002-8500-3395 NR 42 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 79 IS 7 BP 2371 EP 2376 DI 10.1128/AEM.03228-12 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 106ZE UT WOS:000316183500030 PM 23377943 ER PT J AU Korripally, P Timokhin, VI Houtman, CJ Mozuch, MD Hammel, KE AF Korripally, Premsagar Timokhin, Vitaliy I. Houtman, Carl J. Mozuch, Michael D. Hammel, Kenneth E. TI Evidence from Serpula lacrymans that 2,5-Dimethoxyhydroquinone Is a Lignocellulolytic Agent of Divergent Brown Rot Basidiomycetes SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PULVINIC ACID-DERIVATIVES; GLOEOPHYLLUM-TRABEUM; FUNGAL BIODEGRADATION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; FENTON REACTION; WOOD; DECAY; DECOMPOSITION; DEGRADATION; OXIDATION AB Basidiomycetes that cause brown rot of wood are essential biomass recyclers in coniferous forest ecosystems and a major cause of failure in wooden structures. Recent work indicates that distinct lineages of brown rot fungi have arisen independently from ligninolytic white rot ancestors via loss of lignocellulolytic enzymes. Brown rot thus proceeds without significant lignin removal, apparently beginning instead with oxidative attack on wood polymers by Fenton reagent produced when fungal hydroquinones or catechols reduce Fe3+ in colonized wood. Since there is little evidence that white rot fungi produce these metabolites, one question is the extent to which independent lineages of brown rot fungi may have evolved different Fe3+ reductants. Recently, the catechol variegatic acid was proposed to drive Fenton chemistry in Serpula lacrymans, a brown rot member of the Boletales (D. C. Eastwood et al., Science 333: 762-765, 2011). We found no variegatic acid in wood undergoing decay by S. lacrymans. We found also that variegatic acid failed to reduce in vitro the Fe3+ oxalate chelates that predominate in brown-rotting wood and that it did not drive Fenton chemistry in vitro under physiological conditions. Instead, the decaying wood contained physiologically significant levels of 2,5-dimethoxyhydroquinone, a reductant with a demonstrated biodegradative role when wood is attacked by certain brown rot fungi in two other divergent lineages, the Gloeophyllales and Polyporales. Our results suggest that the pathway for 2,5-dimethoxyhydroquinone biosynthesis may have been present in ancestral white rot basidiomycetes but do not rule out the possibility that it appeared multiple times via convergent evolution. C1 [Korripally, Premsagar] Mahatma Gandhi Univ, Dept Biotechnol, Nalgonda, India. [Timokhin, Vitaliy I.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biochem, Madison, WI 53705 USA. [Houtman, Carl J.; Mozuch, Michael D.; Hammel, Kenneth E.] US Forest Serv, Madison, WI USA. [Hammel, Kenneth E.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Hammel, KE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Madison, WI USA. EM kehammel@wisc.edu RI Hammel, Kenneth/G-1890-2011 OI Hammel, Kenneth/0000-0002-2935-5847 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-SC0006929] FX This work was supported by grant DE-SC0006929 (K.E.H and C.J.H.) from the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research. NR 32 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 54 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 79 IS 7 BP 2377 EP 2383 DI 10.1128/AEM.03880-12 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 106ZE UT WOS:000316183500031 PM 23377930 ER PT J AU Sharma, VK Bearson, BL AF Sharma, Vijay K. Bearson, Bradley L. TI Hha Controls Escherichia coli O157:H7 Biofilm Formation by Differential Regulation of Global Transcriptional Regulators FlhDC and CsgD SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ENTERICA SEROVAR TYPHIMURIUM; GENERAL STRESS-RESPONSE; FIBRONECTIN-BINDING; CURLI FIBERS; ENVIRONMENTAL-REGULATION; MICROBIAL BIOFILMS; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; K-12 BIOFILMS; EXPRESSION; MOTILITY AB Although molecular mechanisms promoting adherence of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 on epithelial cells are well characterized, regulatory mechanisms controlling biofilm formation are not fully understood. In this study, we demonstrate that biofilm formation in EHEC O157:H7 strain 86-24 is highly repressed compared to that in an isogenic hha mutant. The hha mutant produced large quantities of biofilm compared to the wild-type strain at 30 degrees C and 37 degrees C. Complementation of the hha mutant reduced the level of biofilm formation to that of the wild-type strain, indicating that Hha is a negative regulator of biofilm production. While swimming motility and expression of the flagellar gene fliC were significantly reduced, the expression of csgA (encoding curlin of curli fimbriae) and the ability to bind Congo red were significantly enhanced. The expression of both fliC and csgA and the phenotypes of motility and curli production affected by these two genes, respectively, were restored to wild-type levels in the complemented hha mutant. The csgA deletion abolished biofilm formation in the hha mutant and wild-type strain, and csgA complementation restored biofilm formation to these strains, indicating the importance of csgA and curli in biofilm formation. The regulatory effects of Hha on flagellar and curli gene expression appear to occur via the induction and repression of FlhDC and CsgD, as demonstrated by reduced flhD and increased csgD transcription in the hha mutant, respectively. In gel shift assays Hha interacted with flhDC and csgD promoters. In conclusion, Hha regulates biofilm formation in EHEC O157:H7 by differential regulation of FlhDC and CsgD, the global regulators of motility and curli production, respectively. C1 [Sharma, Vijay K.] USDA ARS, Food Safety & Enter Pathogens Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA USA. [Bearson, Bradley L.] USDA ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA USA. RP Sharma, VK (reprint author), USDA ARS, Food Safety & Enter Pathogens Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA USA. EM vijay.sharma@ars.usda.gov NR 76 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 79 IS 7 BP 2384 EP 2396 DI 10.1128/AEM.02998-12 PG 13 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 106ZE UT WOS:000316183500032 PM 23377937 ER PT J AU Lee, S Rakic-Martinez, M Graves, LM Ward, TJ Siletzky, RM Kathariou, S AF Lee, Sangmi Rakic-Martinez, M. Graves, L. M. Ward, T. J. Siletzky, R. M. Kathariou, S. TI Genetic Determinants for Cadmium and Arsenic Resistance among Listeria monocytogenes Serotype 4b Isolates from Sporadic Human Listeriosis Patients SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BENZALKONIUM CHLORIDE RESISTANCE; TURKEY-PROCESSING PLANTS; PLASMID-BORNE CADMIUM; EPIDEMIC CLONES; UNITED-STATES; HEAVY-METAL; FOOD SAFETY; RNA GENES; STRAINS; SEQUENCE AB In Listeria monocytogenes serotype 4b isolates from sporadic listeriosis, heavy metal resistance was primarily encountered in certain clonal groups (ECI, ECII, and ECIa). All arsenic-resistant isolates harbored the arsenic resistance cassette previously identified in pLI100; ECIa harbored additional arsenic resistance genes and a novel cadmium resistance determinant in a conserved chromosomal locus. C1 [Lee, Sangmi; Rakic-Martinez, M.; Siletzky, R. M.; Kathariou, S.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Food Bioproc & Nutr Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Graves, L. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Lab Branch, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ward, T. J.] ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, USDA, Peoria, IL USA. RP Lee, S (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Food Bioproc & Nutr Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM slee19@ncsu.edu FU USDA [2006-35201-17377]; U.S. Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Research Service FX This study was partially supported by USDA grant 2006-35201-17377 and the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Research Service. NR 37 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 79 IS 7 BP 2471 EP 2476 DI 10.1128/AEM.03551-12 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 106ZE UT WOS:000316183500045 PM 23377929 ER PT J AU Flower, CE Knight, KS Gonzalez-Meler, MA AF Flower, Charles E. Knight, Kathleen S. Gonzalez-Meler, Miquel A. TI Impacts of the emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire) induced ash (Fraxinus spp.) mortality on forest carbon cycling and successional dynamics in the eastern United States SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Fraxinus; Disturbance; Emerald ash borer; Forest; Relative growth rate; Net primary production ID GYPSY-MOTH DEFOLIATION; RELATIVE GROWTH-RATE; STEM RADIUS CHANGES; DUTCH ELM DISEASE; SOIL RESPIRATION; DECIDUOUS FOREST; TREE DEMOGRAPHY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SPRUCE BEETLE; US FORESTS AB Invasive species are widely recognized as altering species and community dynamics, but their impacts on biogeochemical cycling and ecosystem processes are less understood. The emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire) is a phloem feeding beetle that was inadvertently introduced to the US in the 1990s and relies solely on ash trees (Fraxinus spp.) to complete its life cycle. Ash trees have a wide geographic distribution and are an important component of many different forest types in the US. The larval feeding behavior of the emerald ash borer (EAB) effectively girdles the tree's phloem tissue resulting in tree mortality in as little as 2 years and stand mortality in as little as 5 years. Using the forest inventory and analysis database, we found that forest lands in the lower 48 states hold approximately 8.7 billion ash trees and saplings, which represent similar to 2.5 % of the aboveground forest carbon mass. Furthermore, we measured tree growth in 7 EAB impacted and 5 non-EAB impacted temperate forests in the Midwestern United States to quantify the impacts of EAB induced tree mortality on tree growth. We hypothesized that the initial C lost would be partly compensated for by the enhanced non-ash tree growth in EAB-impacted regions relative to non-EAB impacted regions. The EAB disturbance enhanced growth of non-ash trees in the EAB impacted region relative to the non-EAB impacted region. Results also indicate that in EAB impacted areas, growth of trees from the genera Acer and Ulmus responded most positively. Finally, we quantified annual biometric net primary productivity of the EAB impacted forests and compared these quantities to modeled growth of these forests in the absence of EAB and found that large scale ash tree mortality has reduced short term regional forest productivity. The loss of ash biometric net primary productivity is, in part compensated by enhanced growth of non-ash species. As expected, EAB disturbance severity was greater in forests with higher basal areas of ash. This study illustrates the ecosystem and regional scale impacts of invasive pest-induced disturbance on biogeochemical cycling and forest species composition. C1 [Flower, Charles E.; Gonzalez-Meler, Miquel A.] Univ Illinois, Dept Biol Sci, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Knight, Kathleen S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. RP Flower, CE (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Biol Sci, SES 3223 M-C 066,845 West Taylor St, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. EM cflowe3@uic.edu; ksnight@fs.fed.us; mmeler@uic.edu OI Gonzalez-Meler, Miquel/0000-0001-5388-7969; Flower, Charles/0000-0002-8148-6457 FU National Science Foundation [DGE-0549245]; University of Illinois at Chicago; USFS NRS FX The authors would like to thank B. Long for establishing the plots in 2005, T. Fox, K. Costilow, L. Long, and S. Smith for their field assistance and Clifford Shirek for his assistance with production of Fig. 1. This research was supported by the National Science Foundation Grant DGE-0549245, "Landscape Ecological and Anthropogenic Processes'', the University of Illinois at Chicago (Hadley grant and Provost Fellowship), and the USFS NRS. We are grateful to three anonymous referees for their valuable contributions to the improvement of this manuscript. NR 70 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 25 U2 202 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD APR PY 2013 VL 15 IS 4 BP 931 EP 944 DI 10.1007/s10530-012-0341-7 PG 14 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 107FQ UT WOS:000316200700019 ER PT J AU Hanley, MJ Masse, G Harmatz, JS Cancalon, PF Dolnikowski, GG Court, MH Greenblatt, DJ AF Hanley, Michael J. Masse, Gina Harmatz, Jerold S. Cancalon, Paul F. Dolnikowski, Gregory G. Court, Michael H. Greenblatt, David J. TI Effect of blueberry juice on clearance of buspirone and flurbiprofen in human volunteers SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE blueberry juice; buspirone; cytochrome P4502C9; cytochrome P4503A; flurbiprofen; grapefruit juice ID DRUG-DRUG INTERACTIONS; IN-VITRO DATA; CYTOCHROME-P450 INHIBITION DATA; GRAPEFRUIT JUICE; CYP2C9 ACTIVITY; CYP3A4; VIVO; METABOLISM; PREDICTION; ANTHOCYANINS AB Aim The present study evaluated the possibility of drug interactions involving blueberry juice (BBJ) and substrate drugs whose clearance is dependent on cytochromes P4503A (CYP3A) and P4502C9 (CYP2C9). Methods A 50:50 mixture of lowbush and highbush BBJ was evaluated in vitro as an inhibitor of CYP3A activity (hydroxylation of triazolam and dealkylation of buspirone) and of CYP2C9 activity (flurbiprofen hydroxylation) using human liver microsomes. In clinical studies, clearance of oral buspirone and oral flurbiprofen was studied in healthy volunteers with and without co-treatment with BBJ. Results BBJ inhibited CYP3A and CYP2C9 activity in vitro, with 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of less than 2%, but without evidence of mechanism-based (irreversible) inhibition. Grapefruit juice (GFJ) also inhibited CYP3A activity, but inhibitory potency was increased by pre-incubation, consistent with mechanism-based inhibition. In clinical studies, GFJ significantly increased area under the plasma concentrationtime curve (AUC) for the CYP3A substrate buspirone. The geometric mean ratio (GMR = AUC with GFJ divided by AUC with water) was 2.12. In contrast, the effect of BBJ (GMR = 1.39) was not significant. In the study of flurbiprofen (CYP2C9 substrate), the positive control inhibitor fluconazole significantly increased flurbiprofen AUC (GMR = 1.71), but BBJ had no significant effect (GMR = 1.03). Conclusion The increased buspirone AUC associated with BBJ is quantitatively small and could have occurred by chance. BBJ has no effect on flurbiprofen AUC. The studies provide no evidence for concern about clinically important pharmacokinetic drug interactions of BBJ with substrate drugs metabolized by CYP3A or CYP2C9. C1 [Hanley, Michael J.; Masse, Gina; Harmatz, Jerold S.; Court, Michael H.; Greenblatt, David J.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Sackler Sch Grad Biomed Sci, Sackler Program Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Hanley, Michael J.; Masse, Gina; Harmatz, Jerold S.; Court, Michael H.; Greenblatt, David J.] Tufts Med Ctr, Boston, MA USA. [Dolnikowski, Gregory G.] Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Cancalon, Paul F.] Florida Dept Citrus, Lake Alfred, FL USA. RP Greenblatt, DJ (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Mol Physiol & Pharmacol, 136 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM dj.greenblatt@tufts.edu FU United States Highbush Blueberry Council; Wild Blueberry Association of North America; National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicines, National Institutes of Health [F31 AT 006068]; National Institute of General Medical Sciences, National Institutes of Health [R01 GM 061834] FX The work was supported by grants from the United States Highbush Blueberry Council and the Wild Blueberry Association of North America. Dr Hanley is the recipient of a National Research Service Award (F31 AT 006068) from the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicines, National Institutes of Health. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine or the National Institutes of Health. Dr Court was supported by grant R01 GM 061834 from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences, National Institutes of Health. NR 50 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 18 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0306-5251 J9 BRIT J CLIN PHARMACO JI Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 75 IS 4 BP 1041 EP 1052 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2012.04450.x PG 12 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 108WF UT WOS:000316326200017 PM 22943633 ER PT J AU Je, Y Lee, JE Ma, J Zhang, XH Cho, E Rosner, B Selhub, J Fuchs, CS Meyerhardt, J Giovannucci, E AF Je, Youjin Lee, Jung Eun Ma, Jing Zhang, Xuehong Cho, Eunyoung Rosner, Bernard Selhub, Jacob Fuchs, Charles S. Meyerhardt, Jeffrey Giovannucci, Edward TI Prediagnostic plasma vitamin B6 (pyridoxal 5 '-phosphate) and survival in patients with colorectal cancer SO CANCER CAUSES & CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Vitamin B6; Pyridoxal 5 ' phosphate (PLP); Colorectal cancer; Mortality; Survival; Prospective study ID NATIONAL DEATH INDEX; THYMIDYLATE SYNTHASE; COLON TUMORIGENESIS; CELL-PROLIFERATION; REGRESSION-MODELS; NURSES HEALTH; RISK; FOLATE; INHIBITION; ASSAY AB Higher plasma pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) levels are associated with a decreased incidence of colorectal cancer, but the influence of plasma PLP on survival of patients with colorectal cancer is unknown. We prospectively examined whether prediagnostic plasma PLP levels are associated with mortality among colorectal cancer patients. We included 472 incident cases of colorectal cancer identified in the Nurses' Health Study, the Health Professionals Follow-up Study, and the Physicians' Health Study from 1984 to 2002. The patients provided blood samples two or more years before cancer diagnosis. Stratified Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) with 95 % confidence intervals (CI) adjusted for other risk factors for cancer survival. Higher plasma PLP levels were not associated with a significant reduction in colorectal cancer-specific (169 deaths) or overall mortality (259 deaths). Compared with patients who had less than 45 pmol/ml of plasma PLP (median: 33.6 pmol/ml), those who had 110 pmol/ml or higher levels (median: 158.8 pmol/ml) had multivariable HRs of 0.85 (95 % CI 0.50-1.45, p trend = 0.37) and 0.87 (95 % CI 0.56-1.35, p trend = 0.24) for colorectal cancer-specific and overall mortality. Higher plasma PLP levels, however, seemed to be associated with better survival among patients who had lower circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D-3 levels (< 26.5 ng/ml) (p interaction a parts per thousand currency sign.005). Higher prediagnostic plasma PLP levels were not associated with an improvement on colorectal cancer survival overall. Further research is needed to clarify the influence of vitamin B6 on colorectal cancer progression and survival. C1 [Je, Youjin] Kyung Hee Univ, Dept Food & Nutr, Seoul, South Korea. [Lee, Jung Eun] Sookmyung Womens Univ, Dept Food & Nutr, Seoul, South Korea. [Ma, Jing; Zhang, Xuehong; Cho, Eunyoung; Rosner, Bernard; Fuchs, Charles S.; Giovannucci, Edward] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med, Channing Lab, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Selhub, Jacob] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Fuchs, Charles S.; Meyerhardt, Jeffrey] Dana Farber Canc Inst, Dept Med Oncol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Giovannucci, Edward] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr & Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Giovannucci, E (reprint author), Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med, Channing Lab, 181 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM edward.giovannucci@channing.harvard.edu OI Lee, Jung Eun/0000-0003-1141-878X FU American Institute of Cancer Research; NIH [CA87969, CA55075] FX We are indebted to the participants and staffs in the Nurses' Health Study, Health Professionals Follow-up Study, and Physicians' Health Study for their dedication and commitment. This work was supported by a grant from American Institute of Cancer Research and the NIH grants CA87969 and CA55075. NR 45 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0957-5243 J9 CANCER CAUSE CONTROL JI Cancer Causes Control PD APR PY 2013 VL 24 IS 4 BP 719 EP 729 DI 10.1007/s10552-013-0152-x PG 11 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 109FX UT WOS:000316352900010 PM 23340905 ER PT J AU Baldwin, RA Marcum, DB Orloff, SB Vasquez, SJ Wilen, CA Engeman, RM AF Baldwin, Roger A. Marcum, Daniel B. Orloff, Steve B. Vasquez, Stephen J. Wilen, Cheryl A. Engeman, Richard M. TI The influence of trap type and cover status on capture rates of pocket gophers in California SO CROP PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Application time; California; Gophinator; Macabee; Pocket gopher control; Trapping ID TEMPERATURE AB Population reduction through trapping is among the most common techniques used to mitigate damage caused by pocket gophers in a variety of crops. A new trap called the Gophinator was recently developed that combined many positive attributes of previous pocket gopher traps. Because efficacy data for this trap was lacking, we compared capture rates of this trap to the Macabee trap, the most commonly used pocket gopher trap in the western U.S. We also addressed factors that may influence the efficacy of traps such as cover status of the trap set, season, gender, and weight of the captured pocket gopher. We found the Gophinator trap was more efficacious than the Macabee, likely due to its superior ability to capture larger pocket gophers, which could increase the efficacy of pocket gopher control programs throughout North America. Covered trap sets resulted in greater capture rates during late spring early summer but not during autumn. However, covered trap sets required more time to implement and did not result in a greater number of captures for an 8-h workday trapping period. If efficacy is paramount, trap sets should be covered during late spring-early summer, but when time is a constraining factor, trap sets left uncovered will be most efficient. Covering trap sets in autumn provided no tangible benefits. (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Baldwin, Roger A.] Univ Calif Cooperat Extens, UC Kearney Ag Res & Ext Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Marcum, Daniel B.] Univ Calif Cooperat Extens, Mcarthur, CA 96056 USA. [Orloff, Steve B.] Univ Calif Cooperat Extens, Yreka, CA 96097 USA. [Vasquez, Stephen J.] Univ Calif Cooperat Extens, Fresno, CA 93702 USA. [Wilen, Cheryl A.] Univ Calif Cooperat Extens, San Diego, CA 92123 USA. [Engeman, Richard M.] USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Baldwin, RA (reprint author), Univ Calif Cooperat Extens, UC Kearney Ag Res & Ext Ctr, 9240 South Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM rabaldwin@ucanr.edu; dbmarcum@ucanr.edu; sborloff@ucanr.edu; sjvasquez@ucanr.edu; cawilen@ucanr.edu; Richard.M.Engeman@aphis.usda.gov FU University of California Statewide IPM Program FX We thank numerous landowners for providing access to their property for this study, and to L. Bender for providing assistance with manuscript preparation. M. Baldwin, C. Holguin, N. Quinn, and S. Parker provided valuable field and lab assistance. We also thank S. Albano for providing traps, and the University of California Statewide IPM Program for providing funding for this project. NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-2194 J9 CROP PROT JI Crop Prot. PD APR PY 2013 VL 46 BP 7 EP 12 DI 10.1016/j.cropro.2012.12.018 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 110HD UT WOS:000316432300002 ER PT J AU Blecker, SW Stillings, LL Amacher, MC Ippolito, JA DeCrappeo, NM AF Blecker, S. W. Stillings, L. L. Amacher, M. C. Ippolito, J. A. DeCrappeo, N. M. TI Development and application of a soil organic matter-based soil quality index in mineralized terrane of the Western US SO ENVIRONMENTAL EARTH SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Soil quality; Organic carbon; Total nitrogen; Soil enzymes ID BIOCHEMICAL-PROPERTIES; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; GREAT-BASIN; REGRESSION; SAMPLES AB Soil quality indices provide a means of distilling large amounts of data into a single metric that evaluates the soil's ability to carry out key ecosystem functions. Primarily developed in agroecosytems, then forested ecosystems, an index using the relation between soil organic matter and other key soil properties in more semi-arid systems of the Western US impacted by different geologic mineralization was developed. Three different sites in two different mineralization types, acid sulfate and Cu/Mo porphyry in California and Nevada, were studied. Soil samples were collected from undisturbed soils in both mineralized and nearby unmineralized terrane as well as waste rock and tailings. Eight different microbial parameters (carbon substrate utilization, microbial biomass-C, mineralized-C, mineralized-N and enzyme activities of acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, arylsulfatase, and fluorescein diacetate) along with a number of physicochemical parameters were measured. Multiple linear regression models between these parameters and both total organic carbon and total nitrogen were developed, using the ratio of predicted to measured values as the soil quality index. In most instances, pooling unmineralized and mineralized soil data within a given study site resulted in lower model correlations. Enzyme activity was a consistent explanatory variable in the models across the study sites. Though similar indicators were significant in models across different mineralization types, pooling data across sites inhibited model differentiation of undisturbed and disturbed sites. This procedure could be used to monitor recovery of disturbed systems in mineralized terrane and help link scientific and management disciplines. C1 [Blecker, S. W.; Stillings, L. L.] USGS, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Amacher, M. C.] US Forest Serv, Logan, UT 84321 USA. [Ippolito, J. A.] USDA ARS, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. [DeCrappeo, N. M.] USGS, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Blecker, SW (reprint author), USGS, 1664 N Virginia St,MS-176, Reno, NV 89557 USA. EM steven.blecker@gmail.com NR 33 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 26 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1866-6280 J9 ENVIRON EARTH SCI JI Environ. Earth Sci. PD APR PY 2013 VL 68 IS 7 BP 1887 EP 1901 DI 10.1007/s12665-012-1876-8 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA 106DE UT WOS:000316121300006 ER PT J AU Gilbert-Norton, LB Wilson, RR Shivik, JA AF Gilbert-Norton, Lynne B. Wilson, Ryan R. Shivik, John A. TI The Effect of Social Hierarchy on Captive Coyote (Canis latrans) Foraging Behavior SO ETHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SPATIAL MEMORY; DOMINANCE HIERARCHY; URINE-MARKING; WIN-STAY; STRATEGIES; PIGS; WOLF; INTERFERENCE; INFORMATION; ANIMALS AB Foraging efficiency of individuals in pack forming species may be influenced by social dynamics within a pack. The effects of social hierarchy in particular may influence individual foraging behavior in canids, such as coyotes (Canis latrans). To examine the impact of social hierarchy on foraging behavior, we tested 16 captive coyotes in eight naturally established dominantsubordinate pairs, using the guesserknower paradigm. We measured the efficiency of subordinate coyotes to relocate a food resource when alone and then allowed pairs to forage together, such that subordinates had prior knowledge of food location but dominants did not. To determine whether (1) subordinates used a direct or discursive strategy to obtain food in the presence of a dominant and (2) dominants used an exploitative or independent strategy to obtain food in the presence of a subordinate with previous knowledge, we measured their search efficiency (e.g., correct choice of area, feeder, and latency to correct feeder). Results showed subordinates learned to relocate food and increase efficiency when alone. In a social context, however, subordinate efficiency decreased. That is, subordinates approached the correct area, but searched more feeders before finding the correct one. Dominants initially used an independent search strategy but then quickly displaced the subordinate and monopolized the resource, reducing subordinate efficiency further. Despite continual displacement and reduction in efficiency, subordinates did not alter their foraging strategy over time. Our results suggest prior information can improve individual foraging advantage, but that social status strongly impacts individual foraging efficiency in social species such as coyotes. C1 [Gilbert-Norton, Lynne B.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Wilson, Ryan R.] Wilderness Soc, Anchorage, AK USA. [Shivik, John A.] Utah State Univ, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Gilbert-Norton, LB (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, 2810 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM lgilbertnorton@gmail.com FU USDA, Wildlife Service's National Wildlife Research Center FX We thank Stacey Brummer, Mike Davis, Jeff Shultz, Patrick Darrow, Caroline David, and Anthony Lot at the National Wildlife Research Center's Predator Ecology Facility in Millville, Utah. We thank the Associate Editor, David Zeh, and an anonymous reviewer for editorial comments and statistical advice that improved the manuscript considerably. We gratefully acknowledge the financial and technical support provided by the USDA, Wildlife Service's National Wildlife Research Center. NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 57 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0179-1613 EI 1439-0310 J9 ETHOLOGY JI Ethology PD APR PY 2013 VL 119 IS 4 BP 335 EP 343 DI 10.1111/eth.12070 PG 9 WC Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences; Zoology SC Psychology; Behavioral Sciences; Zoology GA 108ZZ UT WOS:000316336200010 ER PT J AU Keyser, TL Loftis, DL AF Keyser, Tara L. Loftis, David L. TI Long-term effects of single-tree selection cutting on structure and composition in upland mixed-hardwood forests of the southern Appalachian Mountains SO FORESTRY LA English DT Article ID DIAMETER DISTRIBUTION; NORTHERN HARDWOODS; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; OAK REGENERATION; STAND STRUCTURE; OLD-GROWTH; DISTRIBUTIONS; SUSTAINABILITY; SILVICULTURE; MANAGEMENT AB In 1946, this study was initiated to examine the efficacy of single-tree selection cutting in submesic to mesic mixed-hardwood forests of the southern Appalachian Mountains. Seven stands comprising 40 ha of mixed-hardwood forests plus three unmanaged stands were utilized. Species composition of the overstorey prior to treatment was dominated by species intolerant and mid-tolerant of shade, including oak (Quercus L.) species and yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera L.). After 10 years of improvement cuttings, the BDq method of regulating stocking was employed. Selective cuttings occurred in 19561957, 1962, 1970, 1984 and 2006. Early observations suggested that control of shade-tolerant midstory species might be required to regenerate the mid-tolerant overstory species. In 1972, shade-tolerant species between the 5 and 20 cm d.b.h. classes present in small openings created during the 1970 entry were injected with herbicide in all seven managed stands. In 1986, another treatment which included the complete removal of the shade-tolerant midstory occurred in two of those seven stands. After 60 years, the majority of managed stands have diameter distributions other than the traditional reverse-J shape, including concave and rotated sigmoid shapes. Even after the treatment of shade-tolerant competitors, results suggest that single-tree selection has thus far been ineffective at recruiting the desirable tree species that are intolerant or mid-tolerant of shade. In fact, the density of mid-tolerant oak-hickory and shade-intolerant species in the sapling and pole size classes in the managed stands did not differ from that in unmanaged stands. As applied in this study, the BDq approach to single-tree selection cutting has led to the sapling and pole size classes being increasingly dominated by shade-tolerant species and is not likely to be sustainable, in terms of both desirable species composition and structure, in the long-term. C1 [Keyser, Tara L.; Loftis, David L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Asheville, NC 28806 USA. RP Keyser, TL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, 1577 Brevard Rd, Asheville, NC 28806 USA. EM tkeyser@fs.fed.us FU United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Upland Hardwood Ecology and Management Research Work Unit stationed at Bent Creek Experimental Forest FX This study was initiated and continuously funded by the United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Upland Hardwood Ecology and Management Research Work Unit stationed at Bent Creek Experimental Forest. NR 41 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 7 U2 41 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0015-752X J9 FORESTRY JI Forestry PD APR PY 2013 VL 86 IS 2 BP 255 EP 265 DI 10.1093/forestry/cps083 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 108DT UT WOS:000316272400011 ER PT J AU Cox, WA Thompson, FR Reidy, JL Faaborg, J AF Cox, W. Andrew Thompson, Frank R., III Reidy, Jennifer L. Faaborg, John TI Temperature can interact with landscape factors to affect songbird productivity SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fragmentation; neotropical migrants; nest predation; North American forest birds; precipitation; temperature ID SOURCE-SINK DYNAMICS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; NESTING SUCCESS; CLUTCH SIZE; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; FOREST FRAGMENTATION; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; BREEDING SUCCESS; MIGRATORY BIRDS AB Increased temperatures and more extreme weather patterns associated with global climate change can interact with other factors that regulate animal populations, but many climate change studies do not incorporate other threats to wildlife in their analyses. We used 20years of nest-monitoring data from study sites across a gradient of habitat fragmentation in Missouri, USA, to investigate the relative influence of weather variables (temperature and precipitation) and landscape factors (forest cover and edge density) on the number of young produced per nest attempt (i.e., productivity) for three species of songbirds. We detected a strong forest coverxtemperature interaction for the Acadian Flycatcher (Empidonax virescens) on productivity. Greater forest cover resulted in greater productivity because of reduced brood parasitism and increased nest survival, whereas greater temperatures reduced productivity in highly forested landscapes because of increased nest predation but had no effect in less forested landscapes. The Indigo Bunting (Passerina cyanea) exhibited a similar pattern, albeit with a marginal forest coverxtemperature interaction. By contrast, productivity of the Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis) was not influenced by landscape effects or temperature. Our results highlight a potential difficulty of managing wildlife in response to global change such as habitat fragmentation and climate warming, as the habitat associated with the greatest productivity for flycatchers was also that most negatively influenced by high temperatures. The influence of high temperatures on nest predation (and therefore, nest predators) underscores the need to acknowledge the potential complexity of species' responses to climate change by incorporating a more thorough consideration of community ecology in the development of models of climate impacts on wildlife. C1 [Cox, W. Andrew; Reidy, Jennifer L.] Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Thompson, Frank R., III] Univ Missouri, USDA, US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Faaborg, John] Univ Missouri, Div Biol Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Cox, WA (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, 302 ABNR, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM wac253@mail.missouri.edu OI Cox, William/0000-0002-1205-5979 FU U.S.D.A. Forest Service Northern Research Station; U.S. Forest Service; Missouri Department of Conservation; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service FX We thank all of the primary investigators and graduate students who contributed data for this manuscript; they include Dirk Burhans, Don Dearborn, Tracy Fessler, Alix Fink, Sarah Kendrick, Dana Morris, Becky Peak, M. Shane Pruett, Paul Porneluzi, Brian Root, and April Woodward. We thank Patrick Guinan and the Missouri Climate Center for providing us with the weather data. We thank J. Arntzen, A. Cox, T. J. Fontaine, and D. Morris for their helpful comments on earlier drafts of this manuscript. Several anonymous reviewers provided invaluable feedback and greatly improved the manuscript. We thank the countless field technicians for their help over the past 20 years. Funding for this project was provided by the U.S.D.A. Forest Service Northern Research Station; funding sources for the original field studies included the U.S. Forest Service, Missouri Department of Conservation, and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. NR 79 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 9 U2 147 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1354-1013 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 19 IS 4 BP 1064 EP 1074 DI 10.1111/gcb.12117 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 103FL UT WOS:000315900800009 PM 23504884 ER PT J AU Frazier-Wood, AC Manichaikul, A Aslibekyan, S Borecki, IB Goff, DC Hopkins, PN Lai, CQ Ordovas, JM Post, WS Rich, SS Sale, MM Siscovick, D Straka, RJ Tiwari, HK Tsai, MY Rotter, JI Arnett, DK AF Frazier-Wood, Alexis C. Manichaikul, Ani Aslibekyan, Stella Borecki, Ingrid B. Goff, David C. Hopkins, Paul N. Lai, Chao-Qiang Ordovas, Jose M. Post, Wendy S. Rich, Stephen S. Sale, Michele M. Siscovick, David Straka, Robert J. Tiwari, Hemant K. Tsai, Michael Y. Rotter, Jerome I. Arnett, Donna K. TI Genetic variants associated with VLDL, LDL and HDL particle size differ with race/ethnicity SO HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; INSULIN-RESISTANCE ATHEROSCLEROSIS; LIPOPROTEIN-LIPASE GENE; HYPERTENSIVE ADULTS; ARTERY-DISEASE; HEPATIC LIPASE; CETP GENE; POLYMORPHISM; AMERICAN AB Specific constellations of lipoprotein particle features, reflected as differences in mean lipoprotein particle diameters, are associated with risk of insulin resistance (IR) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The associations of lipid profiles with disease risk differ by race/ethnicity, the reason for this is not clear. We aimed to examine whether there were additional genetic differences between racial/ethnic groups on lipoprotein profile. Genotypes were assessed using the Affymetrix 6.0 array in 817 related Caucasian participants of the Genetics of Lipid Lowering Drugs and Diet Network (GOLDN). Association analysis was conducted on fasting mean particle diameters using linear models, adjusted for age, sex and study center as fixed effects, and pedigree as a random effect. Replication of associations reaching P < 1.97 x 10(-05) (the level at which we achieved at least 80 % power to replicate SNP-phenotype associations) was conducted in the Caucasian population of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA; N = 2,430). Variants which replicated across both Caucasian populations were subsequently tested for association in the African-American (N = 1,594), Chinese (N = 758), and Hispanic (N = 1,422) populations of MESA. Variants in the APOB gene region were significantly associated with mean VLDL diameter in GOLDN, and in the Caucasian and Hispanic populations of MESA, while variation in the hepatic lipase (LIPC) gene was associated with mean HDL diameter in both Caucasians populations only. Our findings suggest that the genetic underpinnings of mean lipoprotein diameter differ by race/ethnicity. As lipoprotein diameters are modifiable, this may lead new strategies to modify lipoprotein profiles during the reduction of IR that are sensitive to race/ethnicity. C1 [Frazier-Wood, Alexis C.; Aslibekyan, Stella; Arnett, Donna K.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL USA. [Frazier-Wood, Alexis C.] Univ Texas Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol Genet & Environm Sci, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Manichaikul, Ani] Univ Virginia, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Div Biostat & Epidemiol, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Manichaikul, Ani; Rich, Stephen S.; Sale, Michele M.] Univ Virginia, Ctr Publ Hlth Genom, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Borecki, Ingrid B.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Goff, David C.] Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Aurora, CO USA. [Hopkins, Paul N.] Univ Utah, Dept Internal Med, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Lai, Chao-Qiang; Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Nutr & Genom Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ordovas, Jose M.] CNIC, Dept Epidemiol & Populat Genet, Madrid, Spain. [Ordovas, Jose M.] IMDEA Food, Madrid, Spain. [Post, Wendy S.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Post, Wendy S.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Sale, Michele M.] Univ Virginia, Dept Med, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Sale, Michele M.] Univ Virginia, Dept Biochem & Mol Genet, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Siscovick, David] Univ Washington, Dept Med & Epidemiol, Cardiovasc Hlth Res Unit, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Straka, Robert J.] Univ Minnesota, Coll Pharm, Dept Expt & Clin Pharmacol, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Tiwari, Hemant K.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Sect Stat Genet, Birmingham, AL USA. [Tsai, Michael Y.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Rotter, Jerome I.] Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Inst Med Genet, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. RP Frazier-Wood, AC (reprint author), Univ Texas Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol Genet & Environm Sci, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM LekkiWood@Gmail.com RI Frazier-Wood, Alexis (Lekki)/B-8053-2010; OI Frazier-Wood, Alexis (Lekki)/0000-0001-7616-2119; Manichaikul, Ani/0000-0002-5998-795X FU National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [U01HL072524-04, N01-HC-95159, N01-HC-95169, RR-024156, N02-HL-6-4278, R01HL071051, R01HL071205, R01HL071250, R01HL071251, R01HL071252, R01HL071258, R01HL071259] FX We are grateful to the staff of the GOLDN study for the assistance in data collection and management. The authors thank the participants of the MESA study, the Coordinating Center, MESA investigators, and study staff for their valuable contributions. A full list of participating MESA investigators and institutions can be found at http://www.mesa-nhlbi.org. GOLDN is funded by National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [grant number U01HL072524-04]. MESA and the MESA SHARe project are conducted and supported by contracts N01-HC-95159 through N01-HC-95169 and RR-024156 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Funding for MESA SHARe genotyping was provided by National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [Contract N02-HL-6-4278]. MESA Family is conducted and supported in collaboration with MESA investigators; support is provided by National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute grants and contracts [grant numbers R01HL071051, R01HL071205, R01HL071250, R01HL071251, R01HL071252, R01HL071258, R01HL071259]. NR 38 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0340-6717 J9 HUM GENET JI Hum. Genet. PD APR PY 2013 VL 132 IS 4 BP 405 EP 413 DI 10.1007/s00439-012-1256-1 PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 109DI UT WOS:000316345400004 PM 23263444 ER PT J AU Knight, A Light, D Chebny, V AF Knight, A. Light, D. Chebny, V. TI Monitoring codling moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in orchards treated with pear ester and sex pheromone combo dispensers SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE acetic acid; codlemone; Cydia pomonella; host plant volatiles; mating disruption ID CYDIA-POMONELLA LEPIDOPTERA; CODLEMONE-BAITED TRAPS; PLUS ACETIC-ACID; APPLE ORCHARDS; MATING DISRUPTION; PLANT VOLATILES; TREE VOLATILES; KAIROMONE; RESPONSES; ATTRACTION AB Monitoring codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), with its sex pheromone (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol (codlemone) alone or in combination with plant volatiles (PH-plant volatile lures) with and without the addition of an acetic acid (AA) lure was compared in apple and walnut orchards treated with PVC Cidetrak (R) dispensers (CM-DA Combo) loaded with 60mg pear ester, ethyl (E, Z)-2,4-decadienoate (PE) and 185mg codlemone. Lures were also evaluated in untreated apple and walnut orchards and apple orchards treated with Cidetrak (R) dispensers (CM) loaded with 120mg codlemone. Traps with codlemone lures caught more moths than PE plus AA but similar numbers as traps with the PH-PE lure in untreated apple and walnut orchards. The PH-PE outperformed codlemone lures in apple orchards treated with CM dispensers. Codlemone outperformed PH-PE lures in apple but not in walnut orchards treated mid-season with CM-DA Combo dispensers. Combining AA with PE significantly increased moth catch and together they performed similarly to the PH-PE lure in all dispenser treatments in apple orchards. However, adding AA with the PH-PE lure did not increase moth catches. The addition of AA to any of the lures tested except codlemone alone significantly increased the catch of females. Adding AA to either PE or the PH-PE lure created a similarly attractive lure in orchards treated with CM-DA Combo dispensers. Combining (E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene (DMNT) with codlemone in a combinational lure plus AA performed as well as any lure tested in apple orchards treated with CM-DA Combo dispensers. Combinational lures loaded with either (E,E)-farnesol, (E)--farnesene or DMNT performed significantly better than the PH-PE lure in apple orchards treated with CM-DA Combo dispensers only in the first generation. Both PH-DMNT and PH-farnesol lures were comparable to PH-PE, except that the PH-farnesol lure was less attractive to female moths. C1 [Knight, A.] ARS, USDA, Wapato, WA USA. [Light, D.] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA USA. [Chebny, V.] Trece Inc, Adair, OK USA. RP Knight, A (reprint author), 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. EM alan.knight@ars.usda.gov NR 41 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 56 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0931-2048 J9 J APPL ENTOMOL JI J. Appl. Entomol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 137 IS 3 BP 214 EP 224 DI 10.1111/j.1439-0418.2012.01715.x PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 104DH UT WOS:000315969700007 ER PT J AU Yee, WL AF Yee, W. L. TI Preferences by Rhagoletis indifferens (Diptera, Tephritidae) for rectangles of various yellow colours and fluorescence SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE colour preference; fluorescence; muscoid flies; trapping; western cherry fruit fly ID CARIBBEAN FRUIT-FLY; POMONELLA DIPTERA; APPLE MAGGOT; VISUAL DETECTION; FLIES DIPTERA; TRAPS; RESPONSES; LURES; REFLECTANCE; ATTRACTION AB Sticky rectangle traps of various yellow colours and fluorescence made of cardboard were field tested against western cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis indifferens Curran, in paired trap preference experiments in Washington state. In a first experiment that involved comparisons of Alpha Scents (proprietary paint), Fluorescent Yellow (aerosol paint), Saffron Thread and Neon Light (semi-gloss enamel paints) traps at two sites, the best performing trap was the Saffron Thread trap. In a second experiment comparing Citrus Splash (semi-gloss enamel paint) with Alpha Scents and with Macaw and Lemon Zest (both semi-gloss enamel paints) traps at a third site, the Citrus Splash trap outperformed the Alpha Scents trap. The Citrus Splash trap did not differ statistically from Saffron Thread and Lemon Zest traps, even though it caught 51% more flies than the Lemon Zest trap. The Alpha Scents trap caught significantly more non-target Diptera than Fluorescent Yellow, Neon Light and Citrus Splash traps at two of three trap sites where non-target Diptera populations were relatively high and overall it appeared less selective than the Citrus Splash trap. Results suggest that sticky rectangle traps painted semi-gloss enamel Saffron Thread or Citrus Splash with low fluorescence could be highly useful for detecting R.indifferens. C1 ARS, USDA, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. RP Yee, WL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Yakima Agr Res Lab, 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. EM wee.yee@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0931-2048 J9 J APPL ENTOMOL JI J. Appl. Entomol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 137 IS 3 BP 225 EP 233 DI 10.1111/j.1439-0418.2012.01725.x PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 104DH UT WOS:000315969700008 ER PT J AU Piesik, D Rochat, D Delaney, KJ Marion-Poll, F AF Piesik, D. Rochat, D. Delaney, K. J. Marion-Poll, F. TI Orientation of European corn borer first instar larvae to synthetic green leaf volatiles SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE behaviour; European corn borer; odours; orientation; Ostrinia nubilalis ID PARASITIC WASPS; MAIZE VOLATILES; CYDIA-POMONELLA; CODLING MOTH; PLANTS; ATTRACTION; RESPONSES; BEETLE; INDUCTION; EMISSIONS AB European corn borer (ECB) neonate larvae are capable of orienting towards maize odours and of avoiding spinach odours. We previously reported that maize odours' attraction was dependent on the stimulus regime. This led us to propose that maize odours could have a repellent or attractive effect depending on their concentration. In this work, we tested this hypothesis by evaluating attraction or avoidance of neonate ECB larvae to four concentrations of each of six single green leaf volatiles (GLVs); these are commonly found in maize and other plants. We found a dose-dependent effect for all of these GLVs with the exception of 1-hexyl acetate, which did not elicit any orientation behaviour over the range of concentrations tested. These five GLVs were repellent at high concentrations, while two of them were attractive at a lower concentration. These observations indicate for the first time that plant odours induce different behaviours in ECB neonate larvae depending not only on their chemical identity but also their concentration. C1 [Piesik, D.; Rochat, D.; Marion-Poll, F.] Univ Paris 06, INRA, UMR 1272, INRA Ctr Versailles Grignon, F-78026 Versailles, France. [Delaney, K. J.] USDA ARS, Pest Management Res Unit, Northern Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT USA. [Marion-Poll, F.] AgroParisTech, Dept Sci Vie & Sante, UFR Ecol Adaptat & Interact, Paris, France. RP Piesik, D (reprint author), Univ Paris 06, INRA, UMR 1272, INRA Ctr Versailles Grignon, RD 10, F-78026 Versailles, France. EM piesik@utp.edu.pl OI Marion-Poll, Frederic/0000-0001-6824-0180 FU Marie-Curie Foundation [MEIF-CT-2005-514931] FX We thank Andre Berthier, Alexandra Popescu, Delphine Calas and Ines Datei (INRA, Versailles) for assistance. The first and the last authors were supported by a grant from Marie-Curie Foundation (Intra-European Fellowships, Contract No: MEIF-CT-2005-514931). NR 40 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 25 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0931-2048 J9 J APPL ENTOMOL JI J. Appl. Entomol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 137 IS 3 BP 234 EP 240 DI 10.1111/j.1439-0418.2012.01719.x PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 104DH UT WOS:000315969700009 ER PT J AU Jackson, CR Davis, JA Barrett, JB AF Jackson, Charlene R. Davis, Johnnie A. Barrett, John B. TI Prevalence and Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Retail Meat and Humans in Georgia SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLEX PCR STRATEGY; A GENE POLYMORPHISM; TYPING METHODS; ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; UNITED-STATES; MEC ELEMENT; STRAINS; INFECTION; POULTRY AB There is increasing interest in the presence of Staphylococcus aureus, specifically methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), on retail meat products. In this study, staphylococci were isolated from retail pork and retail beef in Georgia, and MRSA from the products was compared to human MRSA from the same geographic area using broth microdilution antimicrobial susceptibility testing, multilocus sequence typing (MLST), spa typing, SCCmec typing, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). S. aureus was isolated from 45% (45/100) of pork products and 63% (63/100) of beef products; mecA was detected in S. aureus from both pork (3/100; 3%) and beef (4/100; 4%). Fifty percent (50/100) of human S. aureus also contained mecA. Multidrug resistance was detected among MRSA from all sources. All MRSA (n = 57) was SCCmec type IV, and nine different spa types were present among the isolates (t002, t008, t012, t024, t179, t337, t548, t681, and t1062). Four sequence types (ST5, ST8, ST9, and ST30) were detected using MLST; the majority of MRSA isolates belonged to ST8, followed by ST5. One retail beef MRSA isolate belonged to ST8, while the remaining three were ST5. In retail pork MRSA, ST5, ST9, and ST30 were observed. The majority of human MRSA isolates belonged to ST8. Thirty-seven MRSA isolates, one of which was a retail beef MRSA isolate, were pvl(+). Using PFGE, MLST, and spa typing, three retail beef MRSA isolates were found to be identical in PFGE pattern, ST, and spa type to two human clonal MRSA isolates (USA100 and USA300). One additional retail beef MRSA isolate had a PFGE pattern similar to that of a human MRSA isolate, whereas none of the retail pork MRSA isolates had PFGE patterns similar to those of human MRSA isolates. These data suggest that the retail beef samples were contaminated by a human source, possibly during processing of the meat, and may present a source of MRSA for consumers and others who handle raw meat. C1 [Jackson, Charlene R.; Davis, Johnnie A.; Barrett, John B.] ARS, Bacterial Epidemiol & Antimicrobial Resistance Re, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Jackson, CR (reprint author), ARS, Bacterial Epidemiol & Antimicrobial Resistance Re, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM charlene.jackson@ars.usda.gov NR 51 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 51 IS 4 BP 1199 EP 1207 DI 10.1128/JCM.03166-12 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 107MA UT WOS:000316220400023 PM 23363837 ER PT J AU Yeh, HY Klesius, PH AF Yeh, H. Y. Klesius, P. H. TI Changes of serum myeloperoxidase and nitric oxide in the early stage of Edwardsiella ictaluri infection in channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque) SO JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES LA English DT Article DE channel catfish; Edwardsiella ictaluri; Ictalurus punctatus; myeloperoxidase; nitric oxide ID NEUTROPHIL EXTRACELLULAR TRAPS; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD LEUKOCYTES; TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; FUNCTIONAL-CHARACTERIZATION; ACTIVATING FACTOR; HOST-DEFENSE; SYNTHASE; FISH; PHAGOCYTES; SALMONELLA C1 [Yeh, H. Y.; Klesius, P. H.] ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, USDA, Auburn, AL USA. RP Yeh, HY (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, Richard B Russell Res Ctr, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM hungyueh.yeh@ars.usda.gov FU USDA Agricultural Research Service CRIS project [6420-32000-024-00D] FX We are grateful to Mrs Dorothy B. Moseley of the USDA ARS Aquatic Animal Health Research Unit in Auburn, AL, for excellent technical support. We also thank Ms Debbie Boykin (USDA ARS MidSouth Area statistician, Stoneville, MS) for statistical analysis in this study. This study was supported by the USDA Agricultural Research Service CRIS project no. 6420-32000-024-00D. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this study is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. The US Department of Agriculture is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 57 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0140-7775 J9 J FISH DIS JI J. Fish Dis. PD APR PY 2013 VL 36 IS 4 BP 441 EP 446 DI 10.1111/jfd.12038 PG 6 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA 106MT UT WOS:000316148800008 PM 23126429 ER PT J AU Ventrella, A Verrone, R Longobardi, F Agostiano, A Lippolis, V Pascale, M Maragos, CM Appell, M Catucci, L AF Ventrella, Andrea Verrone, Raffaella Longobardi, Francesco Agostiano, Angela Lippolis, Vincenzo Pascale, Michelangelo Maragos, Chris M. Appell, Michael Catucci, Lucia TI Interactions between cyclodextrins and fluorescent T-2 and HT-2 toxin derivatives: a physico-chemical study SO JOURNAL OF INCLUSION PHENOMENA AND MACROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd European Conference on Cyclodextrin CY OCT 02-04, 2011 CL Asti, ITALY DE T-2 toxin; HT-2 toxin; Cyclodextrin; Fluorescence; Inclusion complex ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; STATIC LIGHT-SCATTERING; OF-THE-ART; BETA-CYCLODEXTRIN; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; INCLUSION COMPLEXES; ALPHA-CYCLODEXTRIN; CEREAL-GRAINS; MYCOTOXINS; WATER AB T-2 and HT-2 toxins are mycotoxins produced by several Fusarium species that are commonly found in various cereal grains, including oats, barley, wheat and maize. Intake estimates indicate that the presence of these mycotoxins in the diet can be of concern for public health. In this work, the inclusion processes occurring between fluorescent anthracene-derivatives of T-2 and HT-2 toxins and different cyclodextrin (CD) molecules were investigated in aqueous solutions by means of UV-Vis absorption, fluorescence emission and dynamic light scattering. Binding constant values and chemico-physical parameters were calculated. It was found that beta-CDs give stronger inclusion reactions with both T-2 and HT-2 derivatives, as stated by important emission intensity increments. Such interactions were found to be fundamentally enthalpy-driven. Among beta-CDs, the effect of the methylation at hydroxyl groups was tested: as a result, the di-methyl form of beta-CD was found to induce the best fluorescence intensity enhancements. C1 [Ventrella, Andrea; Verrone, Raffaella; Longobardi, Francesco; Agostiano, Angela; Catucci, Lucia] Univ Bari Aldo Moro, Dipartimento Chim, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Agostiano, Angela; Catucci, Lucia] CNR, IPCF, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Agostiano, Angela] INSTM, I-50121 Florence, Italy. [Lippolis, Vincenzo; Pascale, Michelangelo] CNR Natl Res Council Italy, Inst Sci Food Prod ISPA, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Maragos, Chris M.; Appell, Michael] ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, USDA, NCAUR, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Catucci, L (reprint author), Univ Bari Aldo Moro, Dipartimento Chim, Via Orabona 4, I-70126 Bari, Italy. EM catucci@chimica.uniba.it RI agostiano, angela/E-2579-2015; OI Pascale, Michelangelo/0000-0002-3898-1030; agostiano, angela/0000-0003-1938-9944; longobardi, francesco/0000-0003-1939-4137 FU PRIN FX This study was supported by PRIN 2008 "Architetture ibride multifunzionali basate su biomolecole per applicazioni nel campo della sensoristica, della conversione di energia e del biomedicale''. NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-3127 EI 1573-1111 J9 J INCL PHENOM MACRO JI J. Incl. Phenom. Macrocycl. Chem. PD APR PY 2013 VL 75 IS 3-4 SI SI BP 285 EP 292 DI 10.1007/s10847-012-0130-z PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 109DX UT WOS:000316347200008 ER PT J AU Wong, DWS Chan, VJ Liao, H Zidwick, MJ AF Wong, Dominic W. S. Chan, Victor J. Liao, Hans Zidwick, Mary J. TI Cloning of a novel feruloyl esterase gene from rumen microbial metagenome and enzyme characterization in synergism with endoxylanases SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Feruloyl esterase; Ferulic acid esterase; Ferulic acid; Metagenomics; Corn fiber; Arabinoxylan ID CELL WALL POLYSACCHARIDES; ASPERGILLUS-NIGER; ACID ESTERASE; RELEASE; CLASSIFICATION; ARABINOXYLAN; DEGRADATION; BIOMASS; BRAN AB A feruloyl esterase (FAE) gene was isolated from a rumen microbial metagenome, cloned into E. coli, and expressed in active form. The enzyme (RuFae2) was identified as a type C feruloyl esterase. The RuFae2 alone released ferulic acid from rice bran, wheat bran, wheat-insoluble arabinoxylan, corn fiber, switchgrass, and corn bran in the order of decreasing activity. Using a saturating amount of RuFae2 for 100 mg substrate, a maximum of 18.7 and 80.0 mu g FA was released from 100 mg corn fiber and wheat-insoluble arabinoxylan, respectively. Addition of GH10 endoxylanase (EX) synergistically increased the release of FA with the highest level of 6.7-fold for wheat bran. The synergistic effect of adding GH11 EX was significantly smaller with all the substrates tested. The difference in the effect of the two EXs was further analyzed by comparing the rate in the release of FA with increasing EX concentration using wheat-insoluble arabinoxylan as the substrate. C1 [Wong, Dominic W. S.; Chan, Victor J.] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Liao, Hans] OPX Biotechnol, Boulder, CO USA. [Zidwick, Mary J.] Cargill Biotechnol Dev Ctr, Excelsior, MN USA. RP Wong, DWS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM dominic.wong@ars.usda.gov NR 34 TC 7 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 57 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1367-5435 EI 1476-5535 J9 J IND MICROBIOL BIOT JI J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 40 IS 3-4 BP 287 EP 295 DI 10.1007/s10295-013-1234-1 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 107PE UT WOS:000316229600003 PM 23408035 ER PT J AU Whitehead, TR Cotta, MA AF Whitehead, T. R. Cotta, M. A. TI Stored swine manure and swine faeces as reservoirs of antibiotic resistance genes SO LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE antibiotic; faeces; genes; manure; PCR; resistance; swine ID STORAGE PITS; SEQUENCE ANALYSES; SP-NOV.; BACTERIA; POPULATIONS AB Inclusion of low levels of antibiotics in the feed of domestic food animals promotes improved growth, animal performance and overall health benefits. However, this practice has come under scrutiny due to concerns over such feeding on bacterial antibiotic resistance (AR) and potential impact on human health. There is a paucity of data on the types and levels of AR genes that may be present in agricultural practices. Using PCR detection of AR genes, this study demonstrates that both stored swine manure and swine faeces harbour a variety of AR genes, and bacterial members of these communities contain genes that may move between micro-organisms. Thus, both ecosystems may serve as reservoirs of AR genes. C1 [Whitehead, T. R.; Cotta, M. A.] ARS, Bioenergy Res Unit, Natl Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Peoria, IL USA. RP Whitehead, TR (reprint author), USDA ARS NCAUR BER, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Terry.Whitehead@ars.usda.gov OI Cotta, Michael/0000-0003-4565-7754 NR 17 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 38 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0266-8254 J9 LETT APPL MICROBIOL JI Lett. Appl. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 56 IS 4 BP 264 EP 267 DI 10.1111/lam.12043 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 107OI UT WOS:000316227300005 PM 23297734 ER PT J AU Lavikainen, A Haukisalmi, V Deksne, G Holmala, K Lejeune, M Isomursu, M Jokelainen, P Nareaho, A Laakkonen, J Hoberg, EP Sukura, A AF Lavikainen, A. Haukisalmi, V. Deksne, G. Holmala, K. Lejeune, M. Isomursu, M. Jokelainen, P. Nareaho, A. Laakkonen, J. Hoberg, E. P. Sukura, A. TI Molecular identification of Taenia spp. in the Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) from Finland SO PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Taenia laticollis; Taenia sp.; mtDNA; phylogeny; lynx ID COMPLETE MITOCHONDRIAL GENOMES; GENETIC-CHARACTERIZATION; GENUS ECHINOCOCCUS; CESTODA TAENIIDAE; COMPLETE SEQUENCE; URSUS-ARCTOS; DNA; TAPEWORM; CARNIVORES; PHYLOGENY AB Cestodes of the genus Taenia are parasites of mammals, with mainly carnivores as definitive and herbivores as intermediate hosts. Various medium-sized cats, Lynx spp., are involved in the life cycles of several species of Taenia. The aim of the present study was to identify Taenia tapeworms in the Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) from Finland. In total, 135 tapeworms from 72 lynx were subjected to molecular identification based on sequences of 2 mtDNA regions, the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 and the NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 genes. Available morphological characters of the rostellar hooks and strobila were compared. Two species of Taenia were found: T. laticollis (127 samples) and an unknown Taenia sp. (5 samples). The latter could not be identified to species based on mtDNA, and the rostellar hooks were short relative to those described among other Taenia spp. recorded in felids from the Holarctic region. In the phylogenetic analyses of mtDNA sequences, T. laticollis was placed as a sister species of T. macrocystis, and the unknown Taenia sp. was closely related to T. hydatigena and T. regis. Our analyses suggest that these distinct taeniid tapeworms represent a putative new species of Taenia. The only currently recognized definitive host is L. lynx and the intermediate host is unknown. C1 [Lavikainen, A.] Univ Helsinki, Haartman Inst, Dept Bacteriol & Immunol, Infect Biol Program, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Haukisalmi, V.] Finnish Forest Res Inst, Vantaa Res Unit, FI-01301 Vantaa, Finland. [Haukisalmi, V.] Univ Helsinki, Finnish Museum Nat Hist, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Deksne, G.] Inst Food Safety Anim Hlth & Environm BIOR, Riga, Latvia. [Deksne, G.] Daugavpils Univ, Inst Systemat Biol, Daugavpils, Latvia. [Holmala, K.] FGFRI, FI-00791 Helsinki, Finland. [Lejeune, M.] Univ Calgary, Fac Vet Med, Hlth Sci Ctr, Canadian Cooperat Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. [Isomursu, M.] Finnish Food Safety Author Evira, Prod Anim & Wildlife Res Unit, FI-90590 Oulu, Finland. [Jokelainen, P.; Nareaho, A.; Laakkonen, J.; Sukura, A.] Univ Helsinki, Fac Vet Med, Dept Vet Biosci, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Hoberg, E. P.] ARS, USDA, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Lavikainen, A (reprint author), Univ Helsinki, Haartman Inst, Dept Bacteriol & Immunol, POB 21, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland. EM antti.lavikainen@helsinki.fi OI Sukura, Antti Kalle Kalervo/0000-0002-8992-1695; Laakkonen, Juha/0000-0002-4040-6588; Jokelainen, Pikka/0000-0002-3035-5094 FU NSF PBI [0818696, 0818823] FX V.H. has been supported by an NSF PBI award Nos 0818696 and 0818823. NR 46 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 23 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0031-1820 EI 1469-8161 J9 PARASITOLOGY JI Parasitology PD APR PY 2013 VL 140 IS 5 BP 653 EP 662 DI 10.1017/S0031182012002120 PG 10 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 107OZ UT WOS:000316229100011 PM 23347590 ER PT J AU Fayer, R Santin, M Macarisin, D Bauchan, G AF Fayer, Ronald Santin, Monica Macarisin, Dumitru Bauchan, Gary TI Adhesive-tape recovery combined with molecular and microscopic testing for the detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts on experimentally contaminated fresh produce and a food preparation surface SO PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID PARVUM OOCYSTS; PARASITES; INFECTIONS; GIARDIA; NORWAY; SAFETY AB A proof of concept study was conducted to determine if transparent double-sided adhesive tape could be used to recover and detect [by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunofluorescence microscopy (IFA)] Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts on fresh produce and on a food preparation surface. Oocysts were applied on the surface of ten apples, ten peaches, eight cucumbers, and eight tomatoes within circles drawn with a permanent marker. Approximately 18 h later, skin excised from three uncontaminated and three contaminated circles from each piece of produce was subjected to PCR. Pieces of transparent double-sided adhesive tape were lightly pressed onto the surface of three other contaminated circles and examined by PCR. Other pieces of adhesive tape were pressed against the surfaces of three other circles and examined by IFA. At concentrations of 100 and 50 oocysts per circle, every produce item examined by PCR of contaminated excised skin was found positive, and every item examined by adhesive tape subjected to PCR and IFA was found positive, except one. At ten oocysts per circle, every produce item was found positive by PCR of contaminated excised skin, and all apples, cucumbers, and tomatoes were found positive by adhesive tape subjected to IFA. Detection of low numbers of oocysts on peaches by IFA examination of adhesive tape was problematic because trichomes that cover peaches and impart the fuzzy surface partially restrict the tape from reaching some areas where oocysts adhere. Tape combined with IFA was successful in recovering and identifying oocysts from six areas of laminate countertop where the oocysts had been applied and allowed to dry for 30-60 min. These are the first findings to demonstrate that adhesive tape can be used to recover and identify a protozoan parasite from fresh produce and from a laminate food preparation surface. C1 [Fayer, Ronald; Santin, Monica; Macarisin, Dumitru] USDA ARS, BARC, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, BARC East, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Bauchan, Gary] USDA ARS, Electron & Confocal Microscopy Unit, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Macarisin, D (reprint author), USDA ARS, BARC, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, BARC East, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 173, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM dumitru.macarisin@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0932-0113 J9 PARASITOL RES JI Parasitol. Res. PD APR PY 2013 VL 112 IS 4 BP 1567 EP 1574 DI 10.1007/s00436-013-3305-7 PG 8 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 109JL UT WOS:000316363100023 PM 23411739 ER PT J AU Dogramaci, M Foley, ME Chao, WS Christoffers, MJ Anderson, JV AF Dogramaci, Muenevver Foley, Michael E. Chao, Wun S. Christoffers, Michael J. Anderson, James V. TI Induction of endodormancy in crown buds of leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula L.) implicates a role for ethylene and cross-talk between photoperiod and temperature SO PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Endodormancy; Ethylene; Gene networks; Molecular pathways; Weed genomics ID COLD-ACCLIMATION; AUXIN TRANSPORT; GENE-EXPRESSION; FLOWERING COMPETENCE; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; DORMANCY INDUCTION; GROWTH CESSATION; CIRCADIAN CLOCK; PLANT-GROWTH; SILVER BIRCH AB Leafy spurge is a model for studying well-defined phases of dormancy in underground adventitious buds (UABs) of herbaceous perennial weeds, which is a primary factor facilitating their escape from conventional control measures. A 12-week ramp down in both temperature (27 -> 10 A degrees C) and photoperiod (16 -> 8 h light) is required to induce a transition from para- to endo-dormancy in UABs of leafy spurge. To evaluate the effects of photoperiod and temperature on molecular networks of UABs during this transition, we compared global transcriptome data-sets obtained from leafy spurge exposed to a ramp down in both temperature and photoperiod (RDtp) versus a ramp down in temperature (RDt) alone. Analysis of data-sets indicated that transcript abundance for genes associated with circadian clock, photoperiodism, flowering, and hormone responses (CCA1, COP1, HY5, MAF3, MAX2) preferentially increased in endodormant UABs. Gene-set enrichment analyses also highlighted metabolic pathways involved in endodormancy induction that were associated with ethylene, auxin, flavonoids, and carbohydrate metabolism; whereas, sub-network enrichment analyses identified hubs (CCA1, CO, FRI, miR172A, EINs, DREBs) of molecular networks associated with carbohydrate metabolism, circadian clock, flowering, and stress and hormone responses. These results helped refine existing models for the transition to endodormancy in UABs of leafy spurge, which strengthened the roles of circadian clock associated genes, DREBs, COP1-HY5, carbohydrate metabolism, and involvement of hormones (ABA, ethylene, and strigolactones). We further examined the effects of ethylene by application of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) to paradormant plants without a ramp down treatment. New vegetative growth from UABs of ACC-treated plants resulted in a dwarfed phenotype that mimicked the growth response in RDtp-induced endodormant UABs. The results of this study provide new insights into dormancy regulation suggesting a short-photoperiod treatment provides an additive cross-talk effect with temperature signals that may impact ethylene's effect on AP2/ERF family members. C1 [Dogramaci, Muenevver; Foley, Michael E.; Chao, Wun S.; Anderson, James V.] ARS, Biosci Res Lab, USDA, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Christoffers, Michael J.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. RP Anderson, JV (reprint author), ARS, Biosci Res Lab, USDA, 1605 Albrecht Blvd N, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM james.anderson@ars.usda.gov OI Anderson, James/0000-0002-1801-5767 NR 75 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 67 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-4412 J9 PLANT MOL BIOL JI Plant Mol.Biol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 81 IS 6 BP 577 EP 593 DI 10.1007/s11103-013-0026-3 PG 17 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 108CT UT WOS:000316269500005 PM 23436173 ER PT J AU Navarre, DA Payyavula, RS Shakya, R Knowles, NR Pillai, SS AF Navarre, Duroy A. Payyavula, Raja S. Shakya, Roshani Knowles, N. Richard Pillai, Syamkumar S. TI Changes in potato phenylpropanoid metabolism during tuber development SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Solanum tuberosum; Potatoes; Tuber development; Phenylpropanoids; Hydroxycinnamic acids; Gene expression; Phytonutrients; PAL; Hydroxycinnamic acid amides ID CHLOROGENIC ACID BIOSYNTHESIS; PHENYLALANINE AMMONIA-LYASE; WOUND-HEALING ABILITY; HYDROXYCINNAMIC ACIDS; GENE-EXPRESSION; PLANT; ARABIDOPSIS; PATHWAY; ANTHOCYANIN; INDUCTION AB Phenylpropanoid metabolite and transcript expression during different developmental stages were examined in field grown potatoes. Carbohydrate and shikimic acid metabolism was assessed to determine how tuber primary metabolism influences phenylpropanoid metabolism. Phenylpropanoid concentrations were highest in immature tubers, as were some transcript levels and enzyme activities including phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL). Phenylpropanoid concentration differences between mature and immature tubers varied by genotype, but in some cases were approximately three-fold. The most abundant phenylpropanoid was chlorogenic acid (5CGA), which decreased during tuber maturation. Hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA:quinate hydroxycinnamoyl transferase (HQT) transcripts were highly expressed relative to other phenylpropanoid genes, but were not well correlated with 5CGA concentrations (r = -0.16), whereas HQT enzyme activity was. In contrast to 5CGA, less abundant chlorogenic isomers increased during development. Concentrations of hydroxycinnamic acid amides were higher in immature tubers, as was expression of arginine- and ornithine decarboxylases. Expression of several genes involved in carbohydrate or shikimate metabolism, including sucrose synthase and DAHP, showed similar developmental patterns to phenylpropanoid pools, as did shikimate dehydrogenase enzyme activity. Sucrose, glucose and fructose concentrations were highest in immature tubers. Exogenous treatment of potatoes with sugars stimulated phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, suggesting sugars contribute to the higher phenylpropanoid concentrations in immature tubers. These changes in phenylpropanoid expression suggest the nutritional value of potatoes varies during development. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. C1 [Navarre, Duroy A.] USDA ARS, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Shakya, Roshani; Knowles, N. Richard] Washington State Univ, Dept Hort & Landscape Architecture, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Navarre, Duroy A.; Payyavula, Raja S.; Shakya, Roshani; Pillai, Syamkumar S.] Washington State Univ, Irrigated Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Navarre, DA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. EM navarrer@wsu.edu RI payyavula, raja/K-8078-2013; sivasankara pillai, syamkumar/L-7324-2016 OI sivasankara pillai, syamkumar/0000-0002-9187-703X FU USDA-Agricultural Research Service; Washington State Potato Commission FX This work was supported by grants from the USDA-Agricultural Research Service; and the Washington State Potato Commission. NR 65 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 4 U2 75 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0981-9428 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL BIOCH JI Plant Physiol. Biochem. PD APR PY 2013 VL 65 BP 89 EP 101 DI 10.1016/j.plaphy.2013.01.007 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 110JL UT WOS:000316438300012 PM 23434926 ER PT J AU Campos, A Teodoro, KBR Teixeira, EM Correa, AC Marconcini, JM Wood, DF Williams, TG Mattoso, LHC AF Campos, A. Teodoro, K. B. R. Teixeira, E. M. Correa, A. C. Marconcini, J. M. Wood, D. F. Williams, T. G. Mattoso, L. H. C. TI Properties of thermoplastic starch and TPS/polycaprolactone blend reinforced with sisal whiskers using extrusion processing SO POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CELLULOSE; POLYCAPROLACTONE; NANOCOMPOSITES; BIODEGRADATION; BIONANOCOMPOSITES; NANOCRYSTALS; COMPOSITES; FIBERS AB Sisal whiskers (SW) were prepared by acid hydrolysis for subsequent evaluation as reinforcing material for biodegradable matrices of thermoplastic starch (TPS) and TPS/polycaprolactone (TPS/PCL) blends. The acid hydrolyzed SW had dimensions of 5 +/- 2 nm in diameter and 210 +/- 60 nm in length and 78% crystallinity. The nanocomposite blends consisted of whisker contents of 5 and 10 wt% and were coextruded with either TPS or TPS/PCL which formed the matrix material. The influence of SW on the morphology, crystallinity, thermal properties, mechanical behavior, structural, and biodegradation of TPS and TPS/PCL matrices were investigated. The lower SW content of 5 wt% dispersed and interacted well with both matrices. The introduction of PCL in the TPS matrix leads to an increased crystallinity and there was evidence that the carbonyl groups of PCL interacted with the OH groups on the surface of the whiskers. Addition of PCL decreased the whisker/whisker interaction over TPS alone, favoring the dispersion of the whiskers in the matrix and, consequently, the reinforcement effect was more pronounced in TPS/PCL blends than in the pure TPS matrix. The addition of the whiskers as reinforcement increased the biodegradability of TPS and TPS/PCL matrices. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2013. (c) 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers. C1 [Campos, A.; Teodoro, K. B. R.; Teixeira, E. M.; Correa, A. C.; Marconcini, J. M.; Mattoso, L. H. C.] Embrapa Instrumentacao, LNNA, BR-13560970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Wood, D. F.; Williams, T. G.] USDA ARS, Bioprod Chem & Engn Res Unit, WRRC, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Campos, A (reprint author), Embrapa Instrumentacao, LNNA, BR-13560970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. EM dridecampos@yahoo.com.br RI Marconcini, Jose/D-9702-2013; Campos, Adriana/F-7070-2012; Teodoro, Kelcilene /P-4560-2016; Mattoso, Luiz H C/D-2794-2016 OI Campos, Adriana/0000-0002-1499-2659; Mattoso, Luiz H C/0000-0001-7586-1014 FU EMBRAPA/Labex; FAPESP [2008/08264-9]; MCT/FINEP; CAPES; CNPq [152077/2010-3] FX Contract grant sponsor: EMBRAPA/Labex, FAPESP; contract grant number: 2008/08264-9; contract grant sponsor: MCT/FINEP, CAPES, CNPq; contract grant number: 152077/2010-3. NR 36 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 56 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0032-3888 J9 POLYM ENG SCI JI Polym. Eng. Sci. PD APR PY 2013 VL 53 IS 4 BP 800 EP 808 DI 10.1002/pen.23324 PG 9 WC Engineering, Chemical; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA 108GS UT WOS:000316280900014 ER PT J AU Gustafson, LL Gustafson, DH Antognoli, MC Remmenga, MD AF Gustafson, L. L. Gustafson, D. H. Antognoli, M. C. Remmenga, M. D. TI Integrating expert judgment in veterinary epidemiology: Example guidance for disease freedom surveillance SO PREVENTIVE VETERINARY MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE Expert opinion; Expert elicitation; Decision support; Disease freedom; Structured judgment; Group process ID ANIMAL HEALTH; DELPHI; RISK; ACCURACY; UNCERTAINTY; ELICITATION; PREVALENCE; HEURISTICS; PATHOGEN; AMYGDALA AB Expert opinions supplement empirical data in many epidemiologic assessments. For veterinary disease freedom surveillance, where the geographic scope of concern is often broad, populations subject to change, decisions eminent and empirical data, expert opinion can be a critical component of the decision making process. However, opinion is by definition subjective and the manner in which opinion is sought can impact the quality and reliability of estimates. Group interaction can hinder or improve the estimation process, depending on its facilitation. Further, whether and how validation is conducted can limit or increase acceptance of the resulting model. While the utility of expert opinion is widely recognized in many fields, and the impact of its use or misuse implicit, standards for application to veterinary assessments are not readily available. This paper aims to foster discussion on this influential component of epidemiology, with disease freedom application as a focus. Benefits and concerns attributed to expert judgment and guidelines for its structured elicitation are described, borrowing insights from its long history of use in decision science fields and examples from recent veterinary assessments. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Gustafson, L. L.; Antognoli, M. C.; Remmenga, M. D.] USDA, Ctr Epidemiol, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Surveillance Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Gustafson, L. L.; Antognoli, M. C.; Remmenga, M. D.] USDA, Ctr Anim Hlth, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Surveillance Unit, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Gustafson, D. H.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Ind & Syst Engn, Madison, WI USA. RP Gustafson, LL (reprint author), USDA, Ctr Epidemiol, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Surveillance Unit, 2150 Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM lori.l.gustafson@aphis.usda.gov NR 40 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-5877 J9 PREV VET MED JI Prev. Vet. Med. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 109 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 9 DI 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.11.019 PG 9 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 106QY UT WOS:000316161000001 PM 23270791 ER PT J AU Frankel, TE Theisen, DD Guthrie, HD Welch, GR Woods, LC AF Frankel, T. E. Theisen, D. D. Guthrie, H. D. Welch, G. R. Woods, L. C., III TI The effect of freezing rate on the quality of striped bass sperm SO THERIOGENOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Sperm cryopreservation; Freezing rate; Striped bass; CASA ID MORONE-SAXATILIS SPERM; SPERMATOZOA; CRYOPRESERVATION; MOTILITY; OSMOLALITY; SEMEN AB Several studies have been conducted in an attempt to determine the optimal freezing rate for cryopreservation of striped bass (Morone saxatilis) sperm. In this study, the effects of freezing rate (-10 degrees C, -15 degrees C, -20 degrees C, and -40 degrees C/min) on gamete quality was examined, using Sybr-14 and propidium iodide to determine viability (sperm cell membrane integrity), ATP concentration using a luciferin-luciferase bioluminescence assay, and a CEROS computer-assisted sperm analysis system to characterize striped bass sperm motion. Adult male striped bass (N = 12) were sampled once a week for 5 weeks. Collected samples were extended, cryoprotected using a 7.5% (vol/vol) dimethyl sulfoxide final concentration solution, and frozen using a Planer Kryosave controlled-rate freezer. Samples were stored in liquid nitrogen for 49 days, and sperm quality was re-evaluated after thaw (same methods). Sperm cryopreserved at -40 degrees C/min resulted in means for total motility (10.06%), progressive motility (7.14%), ATP concentration (0.86 pmol/10(6) cells), and sperm viability (56..5%) that were greater (P < 0.05) than those for slower cooling rates. Therefore, -40 degrees C/min was the optimal freezing rate (among those tested) for cryopreservation of striped bass sperm. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Frankel, T. E.; Theisen, D. D.; Woods, L. C., III] Univ Maryland, Dept Anim & Avian Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Guthrie, H. D.; Welch, G. R.] USDA, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Woods, LC (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Anim & Avian Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM curry@umd.edu FU Maryland Agricultural Experiment Station (MAES) Competitive Grant Program [4-38918] FX This work was supported by a grant from the Maryland Agricultural Experiment Station (MAES) Competitive Grant Program (grant 4-38918). All animal use was conducted under the approved, University of Maryland Institutional Animal Care and Use Protocol (Research Protocol R-10-27). The authors thank Samuel Adler, Christine Bradley, Christopher Salamon, and William David Shaughnessy of our laboratory for providing care and husbandry of the adult striped bass, and for their assistance with the collection, preparation, and analysis of striped bass semen in this study. NR 30 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0093-691X J9 THERIOGENOLOGY JI Theriogenology PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 79 IS 6 BP 940 EP 945 DI 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2013.01.009 PG 6 WC Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA 112JU UT WOS:000316589300007 PM 23427940 ER PT J AU Devos, Y Meihls, LN Kiss, J Hibbard, BE AF Devos, Yann Meihls, Lisa N. Kiss, Jozsef Hibbard, Bruce E. TI Resistance evolution to the first generation of genetically modified Diabrotica-active Bt-maize events by western corn rootworm: management and monitoring considerations SO TRANSGENIC RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE Bt-toxins; Compliance; Genetically modified maize; Resistance evolution; Resistance management; Resistance monitoring; Seed blends; Western corn rootworm ID VIRGIFERA-VIRGIFERA COLEOPTERA; BASE-LINE SUSCEPTIBILITY; MULTIPLE TRANSATLANTIC INTRODUCTIONS; CHRYSOMELIDAE BEETLE EMERGENCE; BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS TOXINS; BORER LEPIDOPTERA CRAMBIDAE; INTEGRATED PEST-MANAGEMENT; FIELD-EVOLVED RESISTANCE; TO-PLANT MOVEMENT; TIME-STEP MODEL AB Western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera; WCR) is a major coleopteran maize pest in North America and the EU, and has traditionally been managed through crop rotation and broad-spectrum soil insecticides. Genetically modified Bt-maize offers an additional management tool for WCR and has been valuable in reducing insecticide use and increasing farm income. A concern is that the widespread, repeated, and exclusive deployment of the same Bt-maize transformation event will result in the rapid evolution of resistance in WCR. This publication explores the potential of WCR to evolve resistance to plant-produced Bt-toxins from the first generation of Diabrotica-active Bt-maize events (MON 863 and MON 88017, DAS-59122-7 and MIR604), and whether currently implemented risk management strategies to delay and monitor resistance evolution are appropriate. In twelve of the twelve artificial selection experiments reported, resistant WCR populations were yielded rapidly. Field-selected resistance of WCR to Cry3Bb1 is documented in some US maize growing areas, where an increasing number of cases of unexpected damage of WCR larvae to Bt-maize MON 88017 has been reported. Currently implemented insect resistance management measures for Bt-crops usually rely on the high dose/refuge (HDR) strategy. Evidence (including laboratory, greenhouse and field data) indicates that several conditions contributing to the success of the HDR strategy may not be met for the first generation of Bt-maize events and WCR: (1) the Bt-toxins are expressed heterogeneously at a low-to-moderate dose in roots; (2) resistance alleles may be present at a higher frequency than initially assumed; (3) WCR may mate in a non-random manner; (4) resistance traits could have non-recessive inheritance; and (5) fitness costs may not necessarily be associated with resistance evolution. However, caution must be exercised when extrapolating laboratory and greenhouse results to field conditions. Model predictions suggest that a 20 % refuge of non-Diabrotica-active Bt-maize can delay resistance evolution in WCR under certain conditions. This publication concludes that further research is needed to resolve the remaining scientific uncertainty related to the appropriateness of the HDR in delaying resistance evolution in WCR, resistance monitoring is essential to detect early warning signs indicating resistance evolution in the field, and that integrated pest management reliant on multiple tactics should be deployed to ensure effective long-term corn rootworm management and sustainable use of Bt-maize. C1 [Devos, Yann] European Food Safety Author, GMO Unit, I-43126 Parma, Italy. [Meihls, Lisa N.] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, USDA NIFA, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Kiss, Jozsef] Szent Istvan Univ, Inst Plant Protect, H-2100 Godollo, Hungary. [Hibbard, Bruce E.] Univ Missouri, Plant Genet Res Unit, USDA ARS, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Devos, Y (reprint author), European Food Safety Author, GMO Unit, Via Carlo Magno 1, I-43126 Parma, Italy. EM Yann.Devos@efsa.europa.eu NR 210 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 7 U2 199 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0962-8819 J9 TRANSGENIC RES JI Transgenic Res. PD APR PY 2013 VL 22 IS 2 BP 269 EP 299 DI 10.1007/s11248-012-9657-4 PG 31 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 105KE UT WOS:000316065900003 PM 23011587 ER PT J AU Kumar, V Joshi, SG Bell, AA Rathore, KS AF Kumar, Vinod Joshi, Sameer G. Bell, Alois A. Rathore, Keerti S. TI Enhanced resistance against Thielaviopsis basicola in transgenic cotton plants expressing Arabidopsis NPR1 gene SO TRANSGENIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Cotton; Disease resistance; NPR1; Seedling disease; Thielaviopsis basicola; Transgenic ID SYSTEMIC ACQUIRED-RESISTANCE; SEEDLING DISEASE PATHOGENS; FUNGAL PATHOGENS; MELOIDOGYNE-INCOGNITA; CONFERS RESISTANCE; TRICHODERMA-VIRENS; ENDOCHITINASE GENE; SALICYLIC-ACID; OVEREXPRESSION; BACTERIAL AB Black root rot, caused by Thielaviopsis basicola, is an important disease in several crops including cotton. We studied the response of Arabidopsis NPR1 (AtNPR1)-expressing cotton lines, previously shown to be highly resistant to a diverse set of pathogens, to a challenge from T. basicola. In four different experiments, we found significant degree of tolerance in the transgenic lines to black root rot. Although transformants showed the typical root discoloration symptoms similar to the wild-type control plants following infection, their roots tended to recover faster and resumed normal growth. Better performance of transgenic plants is reflected by the fact that they have significantly higher shoot and root mass, longer shoot length, and greater number of boll-set. Transcriptional analysis of the defense response showed that the roots of AtNPR1-overexpressing transgenic plants exhibited stronger and faster induction of most of these defense-related genes, particularly PR1, thaumatin, glucanase, LOX1, and chitinase. The results obtained in this investigation provide further support for a broad-spectrum nature of the resistance conferred by overexpression of AtNPR1 gene in cotton. C1 [Kumar, Vinod; Joshi, Sameer G.; Rathore, Keerti S.] Texas A&M Univ, Inst Plant Genom & Biotechnol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Bell, Alois A.] USDA ARS, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Rathore, Keerti S.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Rathore, KS (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Inst Plant Genom & Biotechnol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM rathore@tamu.edu FU Cotton Inc.; Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board-Advanced Research Program [000517-0005-2006]; Texas AgriLife Research FX We thank Ms. LeAnne M. Campbell for the production of the transformants and Dr. Vilas Parkhi for the original characterization of the transgenic lines used in this study. This research was supported by funds from Cotton Inc., Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board-Advanced Research Program (#000517-0005-2006), and Texas AgriLife Research. NR 37 TC 15 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 30 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0962-8819 J9 TRANSGENIC RES JI Transgenic Res. PD APR PY 2013 VL 22 IS 2 BP 359 EP 368 DI 10.1007/s11248-012-9652-9 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 105KE UT WOS:000316065900008 PM 23001518 ER PT J AU Liu, JJ Hammett, C Sniezko, RA AF Liu, Jun-Jun Hammett, Craig Sniezko, Richard A. TI Pinus monticola pathogenesis-related gene PmPR10-2 alleles as defense candidates for stem quantitative disease resistance against white pine blister rust (Cronartium ribicola) SO TREE GENETICS & GENOMES LA English DT Article DE Association analysis; Quantitative disease resistance (QDR); Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP); Simple sequence repeat (SSR); White pine blister rust (WPBR) ID SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; MOLECULAR-CLONING; DNA POLYMORPHISM; NORTH-AMERICA; FOREST TREES; TAEDA L.; PROTEINS; POPULATION AB White pine blister rust, caused by the invasive fungus Cronartium ribicola, has been responsible for extremely high mortality of native western white pine (Pinus monticola) and other five-needle pines in natural stands throughout western North America. The presence of this non-native fungus has also led to greatly restricted use of western white pine for reforestation. A few families of defense proteins have been found as functional candidates involved in tree resistance to rust infection. Here we report genetic variation of a gene encoding a family 10 pathogenesis-related (PR) protein (PmPR10-2) in open-pollinated seed families with different levels of stem quantitative disease resistance (QDR). Six novel alleles and five common genotypes were identified inside the PmPR10-2 locus: these genetic variations included 33 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) throughout the gene regions and copy variation of a rare octanucleotide simple sequence repeat (SSR), 5'-AATTATTT-3', in the gene intron. PmPR10-2 exhibited a moderate level (average r (2) = 0.42) of linkage disequilibrium. Two-thirds of the identified SNPs and the SSR marker were significantly associated with stem QDR levels. The PmPR10-2 genotype (H3:H3) exhibited the highest level of stem QDR (P < 0.01). Cost-effective and co-dominant SSR markers were developed and used for genotyping the PmPR10-2 locus using simple PCR, providing a potential molecular tool for accelerating screening efforts of white pine resistance against C. ribicola. C1 [Liu, Jun-Jun; Hammett, Craig] Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, Pacific Forestry Ctr, Victoria, BC V8Z 1M5, Canada. [Sniezko, Richard A.] US Forest Serv, Dorena Genet Resource Ctr, USDA, Cottage Grove, OR 97424 USA. RP Liu, JJ (reprint author), Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, Pacific Forestry Ctr, 506 W Burnside Rd, Victoria, BC V8Z 1M5, Canada. EM Jun-Jun.Liu@NRCan-RNCan.gc.ca FU Canadian Forest Service; CFS-GRDI fund FX This research was supported, in part, by the Canadian Forest Service and the CFS-GRDI fund awarded to JJL. We thank A. Zamany, J. Hutchinson, and L. Baerg at CFS for support on genotyping; J. Hill, A. Kegley, and the technicians at DGRC for support on phenotyping; and B. Crawford for critical review of the manuscript. NR 49 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 23 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1614-2942 J9 TREE GENET GENOMES JI Tree Genet. Genomes PD APR PY 2013 VL 9 IS 2 BP 397 EP 408 DI 10.1007/s11295-012-0561-0 PG 12 WC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Agriculture GA 109KM UT WOS:000316366200007 ER PT J AU Fajardo, D Senalik, D Ames, M Zhu, HY Steffan, SA Harbut, R Polashock, J Vorsa, N Gillespie, E Kron, K Zalapa, JE AF Fajardo, Diego Senalik, Douglas Ames, Mercedes Zhu, Huayu Steffan, Shawn A. Harbut, Rebecca Polashock, James Vorsa, Nicholi Gillespie, Emily Kron, Kathy Zalapa, Juan E. TI Complete plastid genome sequence of Vaccinium macrocarpon: structure, gene content, and rearrangements revealed by next generation sequencing SO TREE GENETICS & GENOMES LA English DT Article DE Chloroplast; 454 Sequencing; Pyrosequencing; Ericales; Vaccinium; American cranberry ID CHLOROPLAST GENOME; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; HIGH-THROUGHPUT; ERICACEAE; CRANBERRY; DNA; TEMPERATURE; SYSTEMATICS; ALIGNMENT; ERICALES AB The complete plastid genome sequence of the American cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) was reconstructed using next-generation sequencing data by in silico procedures. We used Roche 454 shotgun sequence data to isolate cranberry plastid-specific sequences of "HyRed" via homology comparisons with complete sequences from several species available at the National Center for Biotechnology Information database. Eleven cranberry plastid contigs were selected for the construction of the plastid genome-based homologies and on raw reads flowing through contigs and connection information. We assembled and annotated a cranberry plastid genome (82,284 reads; 185x coverage) with a length of 176 kb and the typical structure found in plants, but with several structural rearrangements in the large single-copy region when compared to other plastid asterid genomes. To evaluate the reliability of the sequence data, phylogenetic analysis of 30 species outside the order Ericales (with 54 genes) showed Vaccinium inside the clade Asteridae, as reported in other studies using single genes. The cranberry plastid genome sequence will allow the accumulation of critical data useful for breeding and a suite of other genetic studies. C1 [Senalik, Douglas; Steffan, Shawn A.; Zalapa, Juan E.] USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, USDA, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Fajardo, Diego; Ames, Mercedes; Zhu, Huayu; Harbut, Rebecca] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Polashock, James] USDA ARS, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, Chatsworth, NJ USA. [Vorsa, Nicholi] Rutgers State Univ, Blueberry & Cranberry Res & Extens Ctr, Chatsworth, NJ USA. [Gillespie, Emily] Marshall Univ, Dept Biol, Huntington, WV USA. [Kron, Kathy] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Biol, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. RP Zalapa, JE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, USDA, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM jezalapa@wisc.edu FU National Foundation Science [DBI-1228280]; Wisconsin Cranberry Growers Association; USDA-ARS [3655-21220-001-00] FX The authors thank PS100, Emily Gustin, P. Simon, and M. Iorizzo for their help with different aspects of this work. Eric Zeldin and Brent McCown provided the "HyRed" DNA. This research was supported by funds from the National Foundation Science (DBI-1228280), Wisconsin Cranberry Growers Association, and USDA-ARS (project no. 3655-21220-001-00), provided to J.E.Z., S.A.S., and R.H. NR 39 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 39 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1614-2942 J9 TREE GENET GENOMES JI Tree Genet. Genomes PD APR PY 2013 VL 9 IS 2 BP 489 EP 498 DI 10.1007/s11295-012-0573-9 PG 10 WC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Agriculture GA 109KM UT WOS:000316366200015 ER PT J AU Fang, GC Blackmon, BP Staton, ME Nelson, CD Kubisiak, TL Olukolu, BA Henry, D Zhebentyayeva, T Saski, CA Cheng, CH Monsanto, M Ficklin, S Atkins, M Georgi, LL Barakat, A Wheeler, N Carlson, JE Sederoff, R Abbott, AG AF Fang, Guang-Chen Blackmon, Barbara P. Staton, Margaret E. Nelson, C. Dana Kubisiak, Thomas L. Olukolu, Bode A. Henry, David Zhebentyayeva, Tatyana Saski, Christopher A. Cheng, Chun-Huai Monsanto, Megan Ficklin, Stephen Atkins, Michael Georgi, Laura L. Barakat, Abdelali Wheeler, Nicholas Carlson, John E. Sederoff, Ronald Abbott, Albert G. TI A physical map of the Chinese chestnut (Castanea mollissima) genome and its integration with the genetic map SO TREE GENETICS & GENOMES LA English DT Article DE Castanea spp.; Chestnut; BAC library; HICF fingerprinting; Physical map; Comparative genomics; Chestnut blight resistance ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; BLIGHT; RESISTANCE; EVOLUTION; TREES; DUPLICATION; PARASITICA; FAGACEAE; EUROPE; PLANTS AB Three Chinese chestnut bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) libraries were developed and used for physical map construction. Specifically, high information content fingerprinting was used to assemble 126,445 BAC clones into 1,377 contigs and 12,919 singletons. Integration of the dense Chinese chestnut genetic map with the physical map was achieved via high-throughput hybridization using overgo probes derived from sequence-based genetic markers. A total of 1,026 probes were anchored to the physical map including 831 probes corresponding to 878 expressed sequence tag-based markers. Within the physical map, three BAC contigs were anchored to the three major fungal blight-resistant quantitative trait loci on chestnut linkage groups B, F, and G. A subset of probes corresponding to orthologous genes in poplar showed only a limited amount of conserved gene order between the poplar and chestnut genomes. The integrated genetic and physical map of Chinese chestnut is available at www.fagaceae.org/physical_maps. C1 [Fang, Guang-Chen] USDA APHIS BRS, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Blackmon, Barbara P.; Staton, Margaret E.; Saski, Christopher A.; Atkins, Michael] Clemson Univ, Genom Inst, BRC, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Nelson, C. Dana; Kubisiak, Thomas L.] US Forest Serv, Southern Inst Forest Genet, Saucier, MS 39574 USA. [Olukolu, Bode A.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Henry, David] Piedmont Tech Coll, Greenwood, SC 29648 USA. [Zhebentyayeva, Tatyana; Abbott, Albert G.] Clemson Univ, Dept Biochem & Genet, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Cheng, Chun-Huai; Ficklin, Stephen] Washington State Univ, Dept Hort, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Monsanto, Megan] San Diego State Univ, SDSU Heart Inst, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Monsanto, Megan] San Diego State Univ, Dept Biol, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Georgi, Laura L.] Amer Chestnut Fdn, Meadowview, VA 24361 USA. [Wheeler, Nicholas] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Barakat, Abdelali; Carlson, John E.] Penn State Univ, Huck Inst Life Sci, Sch Forest Resources, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Sederoff, Ronald] N Carolina State Univ, Forest Biotechnol Grp, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Staton, ME (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Genom Inst, BRC, 105 Collings St, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM gfang@clemson.edu; bblckmn@clemson.edu; staton2@clemson.edu; dananelson@fs.fed.us; tkubisiak@hughes.net; baolukol@ncsu.edu; henry.d@ptc.edu; tzhebe@clemson.edu; csaski@clemson.edu; chunhuaicheng@gmail.com; monsanto@rohan.sdsu.edu; spficklin@gmail.com; atkins2@clemson.edu; laura@tacf.org; abaraka@clemson.edu; nickwheeler@scattercreek.com; jec16@psu.edu; ron_sederoff@ncsu.edu; aalbert@clemson.edu OI Ficklin, Stephen/0000-0001-9138-6292 FU Plant Genome Research Program (PGRP) from the US National Science Foundation [NSF-PGRP 0605135]; Forest Health Initiative (FHI) FX This study was supported by the Plant Genome Research Program (PGRP) from the US National Science Foundation (NSF-PGRP 0605135) awarded to RRS. The Forest Health Initiative (FHI) awarded to AGA supported part of the map integration and comparative analyses. Plants used in this research were obtained from Greg Miller at the Empire Chestnut Company. The authors thank Dr. Paul Sisco for early support through The American Chestnut Foundation (TACF) and for markers in the earliest stages of this project and Dr. Bill Powell and Kathleen Baier for full-length cDNA sequence and in-depth discussion. NR 43 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 5 U2 42 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1614-2942 J9 TREE GENET GENOMES JI Tree Genet. Genomes PD APR PY 2013 VL 9 IS 2 BP 525 EP 537 DI 10.1007/s11295-012-0576-6 PG 13 WC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Agriculture GA 109KM UT WOS:000316366200018 ER PT J AU Kubisiak, TL Nelson, CD Staton, ME Zhebentyayeva, T Smith, C Olukolu, BA Fang, GC Hebard, FV Anagnostakis, S Wheeler, N Sisco, PH Abbott, AG Sederoff, RR AF Kubisiak, T. L. Nelson, C. D. Staton, M. E. Zhebentyayeva, T. Smith, C. Olukolu, B. A. Fang, G. -C. Hebard, F. V. Anagnostakis, S. Wheeler, N. Sisco, P. H. Abbott, A. G. Sederoff, R. R. TI A transcriptome-based genetic map of Chinese chestnut (Castanea mollissima) and identification of regions of segmental homology with peach (Prunus persica) SO TREE GENETICS & GENOMES LA English DT Article DE Fagaceae; Castanea spp.; Chestnut; Genetic map; Comparative genomics; Disease resistance ID POWDERY MILDEW RESISTANCE; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; AMERICAN CHESTNUT; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; DISEASE RESISTANCE; ADAPTIVE TRAITS; GENUS CASTANEA; SATIVA MILL.; LINKAGE MAPS; BLIGHT AB The Chinese chestnut (Castanea mollissima) carries resistance to Cryphonectria parasitica, the fungal pathogen inciting chestnut blight. The pathogen, introduced from Asia, devastated the American chestnut (Castanea dentata) throughout its native range early in the twentieth century. A highly informative genetic map of Chinese chestnut was constructed to extend genomic studies in the Fagaceae and to aid the introgression of Chinese chestnut blight resistance genes into American chestnut. Two mapping populations were established with three Chinese chestnut parents, 'Mahogany', 'Nanking', and 'Vanuxem', totaling 337 progeny. The transcriptome-based genetic map was created with 329 simple sequence repeat and 1,064 single nucleotide polymorphism markers all derived from expressed sequence tag sequences. Genetic maps for each parent were developed and combined to establish 12 consensus linkage groups spanning 742 cM, providing the the most comprehensive genetic map for a Fagaceae species to date. Over 75 % of the mapped markers from the Chinese chestnut consensus genetic map were placed on the physical map using overgo hybridization, providing a fully integrated genetic and physical map resource for Castanea spp. About half (57 %) of the Chinese chestnut genetic map could be assigned to regions of segmental homology with 58 % of the peach (Prunus persica) genome assembly. A three quantitative trait loci (QTL) model for blight resistance was verified using the new genetic markers and an existing interspecies (C. mollissima x C. dentata) F-2 mapping population. Two of the blight resistance QTLs in chestnut shared synteny with two QTLs for powdery mildew resistance in peach, indicating the potential conservation of disease resistance genes at these loci. C1 [Kubisiak, T. L.; Nelson, C. D.] US Forest Serv, Southern Inst Forest Genet, Southern Res Stn, Saucier, MS 39574 USA. [Staton, M. E.; Fang, G. -C.] Clemson Univ, Genom Inst, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Zhebentyayeva, T.; Olukolu, B. A.; Abbott, A. G.] Clemson Univ, Dept Biochem & Genet, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Smith, C.] N Carolina State Univ, Bioinformat Res Ctr, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Hebard, F. V.] Amer Chestnut Fdn, Meadowview, VA 24361 USA. [Anagnostakis, S.] Connecticut Agr Expt Stn, New Haven, CT 06504 USA. [Wheeler, N.; Sederoff, R. R.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Forest Biotechnol Grp, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Sisco, P. H.] Amer Chestnut Fdn, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. RP Nelson, CD (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Southern Inst Forest Genet, Southern Res Stn, Saucier, MS 39574 USA. EM dananelson@fs.fed.us FU National Science Foundation's Plant Genome Research Program [NSF-PGRP 0605135] FX We thank Charles Burdine and Dennis Deemer (SIFG) for technical assistance, including data collection using ABI 3130xl and 3730xl Genetic Analyzers and data scoring using ABI GeneMapper software. We thank Pamela Sletten (CAES) and Cornelia Pinchot, Kendra Gurnery, William White, and David Bevins (TACF) for technical assistance in crossing, growing progeny, and collecting leaf samples for DNA analysis. Primary support for this project was provided by National Science Foundation's Plant Genome Research Program (NSF-PGRP 0605135) awarded to R. R. S. (NCSU). NR 80 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 50 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1614-2942 EI 1614-2950 J9 TREE GENET GENOMES JI Tree Genet. Genomes PD APR PY 2013 VL 9 IS 2 BP 557 EP 571 DI 10.1007/s11295-012-0579-3 PG 15 WC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Agriculture GA 109KM UT WOS:000316366200020 ER PT J AU Yang, NN Reighard, G Ritchie, D Okie, W Gasic, K AF Yang, Nannan Reighard, Gregory Ritchie, David Okie, William Gasic, Ksenija TI Mapping quantitative trait loci associated with resistance to bacterial spot (Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni) in peach SO TREE GENETICS & GENOMES LA English DT Article DE SNP markers; Bacterial leaf and fruit diseases; Peach; Quantitative trait loci ID POWDERY MILDEW RESISTANCE; GENETIC-LINKAGE MAP; DISEASE RESISTANCE; MOLECULAR MARKERS; PERSICA L.; IDENTIFICATION; PROTEIN; SUSCEPTIBILITY; ROSACEAE; TOMATO AB Bacterial spot, caused by Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni (Xap), is a serious disease that can affect peach fruit quality and production worldwide. This disease causes severe defoliation and blemishing of fruit, particularly in areas with high rainfall, strong winds, high humidity, and sandy soil. The molecular basis of its tolerance and susceptibility in peach is yet to be understood. An F-2 population of 63 genotypes derived from a cross between peaches "O'Henry" (susceptible) and "Clayton" (resistant) has been used for linkage map construction and quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping. Phenotypic data for leaf and fruit response to Xap infection were collected over 2 years at two locations. A high-density genetic linkage map that covers a genetic distance of 421.4 cM with an average spacing between markers of 1.6 cM was developed using the International Peach Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Consortium (IPSC) 9K array v1. Fourteen QTLs with an additive effect on Xap resistance were detected, including four major QTLs on linkage groups (LG) 1, 4, 5, and 6. Major QTLs, Xap.Pp.OC-4.1 and Xap.Pp.OC-4.2, on LG4 were associated with Xap resistance in leaf; Xap.Pp.OC-5.1 on LG5 was associated with Xap resistance in both leaf and fruit, while Xap.Pp.OC-1.2 and Xap.Pp.OC-6.1 on LG1 and LG6, respectively, were associated with Xap resistance in fruit. This suggested separate regulation of leaf and fruit resistance for Xap in peach as well as participation of genes involved in general plant response to biotic stress. The potential for marker-assisted selection for Xap resistance in peach is discussed. C1 [Yang, Nannan; Reighard, Gregory; Gasic, Ksenija] Clemson Univ, SAFES, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Ritchie, David] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Okie, William] ARS, USDA, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. RP Gasic, K (reprint author), Clemson Univ, SAFES, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM kgasic@clemson.edu FU NIFA/USDA [SC-1700382]; USDA's National Institute of Food and Agriculture-Specialty Crop Research Initiative project, "RosBREED: enabling marker-assisted breeding in Rosaceae" [2009-51181-05808] FX This work was supported by NIFA/USDA under project number SC-1700382 and technical contribution no. 6045 of the Clemson University Experiment Station. This work was partially funded by USDA's National Institute of Food and Agriculture-Specialty Crop Research Initiative project, "RosBREED: enabling marker-assisted breeding in Rosaceae" (2009-51181-05808). NR 67 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 33 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1614-2942 J9 TREE GENET GENOMES JI Tree Genet. Genomes PD APR PY 2013 VL 9 IS 2 BP 573 EP 586 DI 10.1007/s11295-012-0580-x PG 14 WC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Agriculture GA 109KM UT WOS:000316366200021 ER PT J AU Unger, IM Goyne, KW Kremer, RJ Kennedy, AC AF Unger, Irene M. Goyne, Keith W. Kremer, Robert J. Kennedy, Ann C. TI Microbial community diversity in agroforestry and grass vegetative filter strips SO AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Dehydrogenase enzyme activity; Fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis enzyme activity (FDA); Phospholipid fatty acid analysis (PLFA); Soil microbial community; Vegetative filter strips (VFS) ID SOIL ENZYME-ACTIVITIES; ORGANIC-CARBON; MANAGEMENT; QUALITY; SYSTEMS; EXTRACTION; PROFILES; BIOMASS; RUNOFF; LITTER AB Vegetative filter strips (VFS) have long been promoted as a soil conservation practice that yields many additional environmental benefits. Most previous studies have focused primarily on the role of vegetation and/or soil physical properties in these ecosystem services. Few studies have investigated the soil microbial community of VFS. Therefore, we examined potential differences in soil microbial community characteristics of claypan soil planted to VFS with differing vegetation and a traditional row-crop system in a maize-soybean rotation. Samples were tested for soil microbial function and community structure using dehydrogenase and fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolysis enzyme assays and phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis, respectively. The grass VFS soil exhibited the greatest dehydrogenase activity levels and FDA activity was greater in the grass and agroforestry (i.e., tree-grass) VFS soils relative to the cropland soil. The PLFA analysis revealed community structural differences underlying these functional differences. The agroforestry VFS soil was characterized by a greater proportion of total bacteria, gram-negative bacteria, anaerobic bacteria and mycorrhizal fungi than the cropland soil. The grass VFS soil shared some characteristics with the cropland soils; but the grass VFS supported greater mycorrhizal fungi and protozoa populations. This work highlights differences in soil microbial function and community structure in VFS relative to cropland soil 12 years post VFS establishment. It also enhances our fundamental knowledge regarding soil microorganisms in VFS, which may aid in explaining some ecosystem services provided by VFS (e.g., decomposition of organic agrichemicals). C1 [Unger, Irene M.] Westminster Coll, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, Fulton, MO 65251 USA. [Goyne, Keith W.] Univ Missouri, Dept Soil Environm & Atmospher Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Kremer, Robert J.] Univ Missouri, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Unit, USDA ARS, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Kennedy, Ann C.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Land Management & Water Conservat Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Unger, IM (reprint author), Westminster Coll, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, 501 Westminster Ave, Fulton, MO 65251 USA. EM irene.unger@westminster-mo.edu FU Center for Agroforestry at the University of Missouri [58-6227-9-059]; USDA-ARS FX This work was funded through the Center for Agroforestry at the University of Missouri under Cooperative Agreements 58-6227-9-059 with the USDA-ARS. Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the USDA. The authors wish to thank Jeremy Hansen (USDA-ARS) for assistance with PLFA analyses, and Laura Gosen (University of Missouri) for assistance with enzyme assays. NR 34 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 8 U2 103 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-4366 J9 AGROFOREST SYST JI Agrofor. Syst. PD APR PY 2013 VL 87 IS 2 BP 395 EP 402 DI 10.1007/s10457-012-9559-8 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Forestry SC Agriculture; Forestry GA 104PL UT WOS:000316006500014 ER PT J AU Nelson, WR Sengoda, VG Alfaro-Fernandez, AO Font, MI Crosslin, JM Munyaneza, JE AF Nelson, Warrick R. Sengoda, Venkatesan G. Alfaro-Fernandez, Ana O. Font, Maria I. Crosslin, James M. Munyaneza, Joseph E. TI A new haplotype of "Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum" identified in the Mediterranean region SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum; Haplotype; Psyllids; Bactericera cockerelli; Bactericera trigonica; Trioza apicalis; Zebra chip; Carrot disease ID ZEBRA CHIP DISEASE; PSYLLID BACTERICERA-COCKERELLI; 1ST REPORT; AFFECTED CARROTS; HEMIPTERA TRIOZIDAE; POTATO DISEASE; UNITED-STATES; ASSOCIATION; TOMATO; TRANSMISSION AB "Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum", a phloem-limited and Gram-negative bacterium that is spread from infected to healthy plants by psyllid insect vectors, is an economically important pathogen of solanaceous and carrot crops in the Americas, New Zealand and Europe. Three haplotypes of "Ca. L. solanacearum" have previously been described, two (LsoA and LsoB) in relation to solanaceous crops in the Americas and New Zealand and the third (LsoC) to carrots in Finland. Herein, we describe a fourth haplotype of this 'Candidatus Liberibacter' species (LsoD), also associated with carrots, but from Spain and the Canary Islands and vectored by the psyllid Bactericera trigonica. In addition, LsoC was confirmed in carrot and psyllid samples recently collected from Sweden and Norway. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene suggests that two of the haplotypes, one in the Americas and the other in northern Europe are closer to each other in spite of a large geographic separation and host differences. Furthermore, during this study, potatoes with symptoms of zebra chip disease recently observed in potato crops in Idaho, Oregon and Washington states were analyzed for haplotype and were found to be positive for LsoA. This liberibacter haplotype was found in psyllids associated with the diseased potato crops as well. This finding contrasts with an earlier report of LsoB from psyllids in Washington which came from a laboratory colony originally collected in Texas. C1 [Nelson, Warrick R.] New Zealand Inst Plant & Food Res Ltd, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand. [Sengoda, Venkatesan G.; Munyaneza, Joseph E.] ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, USDA, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. [Alfaro-Fernandez, Ana O.; Font, Maria I.] Univ Politecn Valencia, Inst Agroforestal Mediterraneo, Grp Virol Vegetal, Valencia 46022, Spain. [Crosslin, James M.] ARS, Vegetable & Forage Crops Res Unit, USDA, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. RP Munyaneza, JE (reprint author), ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, USDA, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. EM Joseph.Munyaneza@ars.usda.gov RI Nelson, Warrick/B-2283-2008 OI Nelson, Warrick/0000-0001-6695-0533 FU USDA-ARS; USDA-RAMP [2009-51101-05892]; USDA-SCRI [2009-51181-20176]; Agricola Villena Coop. V. FX Financial support for this work was partially provided by USDA-ARS, USDA-RAMP (Project # 2009-51101-05892) and USDA-SCRI (Project # 2009-51181-20176). We also would like to thank Agricola Villena Coop. V. for collecting Spanish carrot samples and for their financial support. NR 27 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 47 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-1873 J9 EUR J PLANT PATHOL JI Eur. J. Plant Pathol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 135 IS 4 BP 633 EP 639 DI 10.1007/s10658-012-0121-3 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 099DZ UT WOS:000315601500003 ER PT J AU Kolmer, JA Mert, Z Akan, K Demir, L Unsal, R Sermet, C Keser, M Akin, B Morgounov, A AF Kolmer, J. A. Mert, Z. Akan, K. Demir, L. Unsal, R. Sermet, C. Keser, M. Akin, B. Morgounov, A. TI Virulence of Puccinia triticina in Turkey and leaf rust resistance in Turkish wheat cultivars SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Gene postulation; Brown rust AB Leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina is a common disease on wheat in the coastal regions of Turkey. Collections of P. triticina from infected wheat leaves were obtained from the main wheat production zones of Turkey in 2009 and 2010. A total of 104 single uredinial isolates were tested for virulence on 20 lines of Thatcher wheat that differ for single leaf rust resistance genes. Forty-four different virulence phenotypes were identified over both years. Four phenotypes were found in both years. Phenotype FHPTQ found in 2009, with virulence to genes Lr2c, Lr3, Lr16, Lr26, Lr3ka, Lr17a, Lr30, LrB, Lr10, Lr14a, Lr18, Lr3bg, and Lr14b, was the most common phenotype at 15.4 % of the total isolates. Forty-three winter and spring wheat cultivars from Turkey were tested as seedlings with 13 different P. triticina virulence phenotypes from Canada, the US and Turkey. The infection types on the cultivars were compared with infection types on the Thatcher near isogenic lines to postulate the presence of seedling leaf rust resistance genes in the cultivars. Resistance genes Lr1, Lr3a, Lr10, Lr14a, Lr17a, Lr20, Lr23, and Lr26 were postulated to be present in the Turkish wheat cultivars. DNA of the wheat cultivars was tested with PCR markers to determine the presence of the adult plant resistance genes Lr34 and Lr37. Marker data indicated the presence of Lr34 in 20 cultivars and Lr37 in three cultivars. Field plot evaluations of the wheat cultivars indicated that no single Lr gene conditioned highly effective leaf rust resistance. Resistant cultivars varied for combinations of seedling and adult plant resistance genes. C1 [Kolmer, J. A.] ARS, USDA, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55113 USA. [Mert, Z.; Akan, K.] Cent Res Inst Field Crops, Ankara, Turkey. [Demir, L.] Maize Res Stn, Adapazari, Turkey. [Unsal, R.] Aegean Agr Res Inst, Izmir, Turkey. [Sermet, C.] Black Sea Agr Res Inst, Samsun, Turkey. [Keser, M.] ICARDA, TR-06511 Ankara, Turkey. [Akin, B.; Morgounov, A.] CIMMYT, TR-06511 Ankara, Turkey. RP Kolmer, JA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55113 USA. EM JKolmer@umn.edu NR 19 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 31 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-1873 J9 EUR J PLANT PATHOL JI Eur. J. Plant Pathol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 135 IS 4 BP 703 EP 716 DI 10.1007/s10658-012-0107-1 PG 14 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 099DZ UT WOS:000315601500010 ER PT J AU Nirmala, X Schetelig, MF Yu, FH Handler, AM AF Nirmala, Xavier Schetelig, Marc F. Yu, Fahong Handler, Alfred M. TI An EST database of the Caribbean fruit fly, Anastrepha suspensa (Diptera: Tephritidae) SO GENE LA English DT Article DE 454 pyrosequencing; Anastrepha suspensa; Embryonic development; Cell death; Biological control ID STERILE INSECT TECHNIQUE; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; PIGGYBAC ELEMENTS; APOPTOSIS; GENE; ERADICATION; EXPRESSION; LETHALITY; REAPER; PEST AB Invasive tephritid fruit flies are a great threat to agriculture worldwide and warrant serious pest control measures. Molecular strategies that promote embryonic lethality in these agricultural pests are limited by the small amount of nucleotide sequence data available for tephritids. To increase the dataset for sequence mining, we generated an EST database by 454 sequencing of the caribfly,Anastrepha suspensa, a model tephridd pest. This database yielded 95,803 assembled sequences with 24% identified as independent transcripts. The percentage of caribfly sequences with hits to the closely related tephritid, Rhagoletis pomonella, transcriptome was higher (28%) than to Drosophila proteins/genes (18%) in NCBI. The database contained genes specifically expressed in embryos, genes involved in the cell death, sex-determination, and RNAi pathways, and transposable elements and microsatellites. This study significantly expands the nucleotide data available for caribflies and will be a valuable resource for gene isolation and genomic studies in tephritid insects. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Nirmala, Xavier; Schetelig, Marc F.; Handler, Alfred M.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Nirmala, Xavier] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Yu, Fahong] Univ Florida, ICBR, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. RP Nirmala, X (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, 1700 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM xaviern@ufl.edu FU USDA-NIFA-Agriculture and Food Research Initiative FX Grateful appreciation is extended to Dr. William Farmerie and Ms. Regina Shaw for helpful discussions in library construction and Dr. Li Liu for advice with data assembly and annotations. We are also thankful to Dr. Lei Zhou for providing support during initial data analysis, Dr. Matt Gitzendanner for computational support and Dr. Irina Hacker for helpful comments on the manuscript. Funding from the USDA-NIFA-Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (AMH) is gratefully acknowledged. NR 41 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1119 J9 GENE JI Gene PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 517 IS 2 BP 212 EP 217 DI 10.1016/j.gene.2012.12.012 PG 6 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 102IY UT WOS:000315839500010 PM 23296060 ER PT J AU Olafson, PU AF Olafson, P. U. TI Molecular characterization and immunolocalization of the olfactory co-receptor Orco from two blood-feeding muscid flies, the stable fly (Stomoxys calcitrans, L.) and the horn fly (Haematobia irritans irritans, L.) SO INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Orco; biting flies; olfaction ID DROSOPHILA ODORANT RECEPTORS; ANTENNAL TRICHOID SENSILLA; WEST-NILE-VIRUS; DIPTERA MUSCIDAE; CULEX-QUINQUEFASCIATUS; CONTACT CHEMORECEPTORS; EXPRESSION PATTERN; ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE; MEMBRANE TOPOLOGY; CATTLE PRODUCTION AB Biting flies are economically important blood-feeding pests of medical and veterinary significance. Chemosensory-based biting fly behaviours, such as host/nutrient source localization and ovipositional site selection, are intriguing targets for the development of supplemental control strategies. In an effort to expand our understanding of biting fly chemosensory pathways, transcripts encoding the highly conserved insect odorant co-receptor (Orco) were isolated from two representative biting fly species, the stable fly (Scal\Orco) and the horn fly (Hirr\Orco). Orco forms a complex with an odour-specific odorant receptor to form an odour-gated ion channel. The biting fly transcripts were predicted to encode proteins with 8794% amino acid similarity to published insect Orco sequences and were detected in various immature stages as well as in adult structures associated with olfaction, i.e. the antennae and maxillary palps, and gustation, i.e. the proboscis. Further, the relevant proteins were immunolocalized to specific antennal sensilla using anti-serum raised against a peptide sequence conserved between the two fly species. Results from the present study provide a basis for functional evaluation of repellent/attractant effects on as yet uncharacterized stable fly and horn fly conventional odorant receptors. C1 USDA ARS, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. RP Olafson, PU (reprint author), USDA ARS, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, 2700 Fredericksburg Rd, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. EM pia.olafson@ars.usda.gov FU National Center for Research Resources [5 G12RR-13646-12]; National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health [G12MD007591]; USDA-Agricultural Research Service, National Program 104 [6205-32000-033-00] FX The author greatly appreciates: Greta Buckmeier for her continued superb technical assistance; Matthew Waldon for fly colony maintenance and ensuring specimen availability throughout the study; Dr. Jerry Zhu for discussions regarding biting fly sensilla; Lauren Chesnut and Barbara Hunter at the Pathology Department of UT Health Science Center for mounting the fly specimens used in scanning electron microscopy and for providing access to the microscope used to capture images; Darci Burchers for assisting with confocal microscopy [supported by grants from the National Center for Research Resources (5 G12RR-13646-12) and the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (G12MD007591) from the National Institutes of Health]; and Drs. Chris Geden, Kevin Temeyer, and Don Thomas for reviewing an earlier draft of the manuscript. This paper reports the results of research only. Mention of a commercial or proprietary product in this paper does not constitute an endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. This work was supported by the USDA-Agricultural Research Service, National Program 104, Project # 6205-32000-033-00. NR 85 TC 5 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 44 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0962-1075 J9 INSECT MOL BIOL JI Insect Mol. Biol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 22 IS 2 BP 131 EP 142 DI 10.1111/imb.12009 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology GA 102OO UT WOS:000315854100001 PM 23278866 ER PT J AU Lee, EY Klementowicz, PT Hegele, RA Asztalos, BF Schaefer, EJ AF Lee, Esther Y. Klementowicz, Peter T. Hegele, Robert A. Asztalos, Bela F. Schaefer, Ernst J. TI HDL deficiency due to a new insertion mutation (ApoA-I-Nashua) and review of the literature SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LIPIDOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Apolipoprotein (apo)A-I; Coronary heart disease (CHD); High-density lipoproteins (HDL); Low-density lipoprotein (LDL); Lipid-lowering drugs ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; CHOLESTEROL; GENE AB A 61-year-old white man of European ancestry with significant coronary heart disease since age 42 years and marked high-density lipoprotein (HDL) deficiency (HDL cholesterol 1 mg/dL) was evaluated. His fasting low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level was 42 mg/dL, and his triglycerides were 417 mg/dL on therapy with rosuvastatin 40 mg/day, ezetimibe 10 mg/day, fenofibrate 145 mg/day, and extended-release niacin 2 g/day. Further analysis of his plasma revealed an apolipoprotein (apo) A-I level of 23.5 mg/dL (approximately 20% of normal), and the absence of small alpha-4 HDL, medium alpha-3 HDL, and very large alpha-1 HDL, with only very small pre-beta-1 HDL and large alpha-2 HDL being present. APOA-I gene sequencing revealed a novel heterozygous in-frame insertion mutation with duplication of nucleotides 1535 through 1552 inserted at position 1553, causing a new amino acid glycine at codon 157 and a duplication of amino acids alanine, arginine, alanine, histidine, and leucine at codons 158-162. This novel apoA-I mutation results in the formation of apoA-I that appears to have abnormal lipid binding properties, resulting in impaired reverse cholesterol transport, probable enhanced clearance, and premature coronary heart disease. (C) 2013 National Lipid Association. All rights reserved. C1 [Lee, Esther Y.] Tufts Med Ctr, Div Endocrinol & Metab, Boston, MA USA. [Klementowicz, Peter T.] Catholic Med Ctr, New England Heart Inst, Manchester, NH USA. [Hegele, Robert A.] Robarts Res Inst, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada. [Asztalos, Bela F.; Schaefer, Ernst J.] Tufts Univ, Lipid Metab Lab, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Asztalos, Bela F.; Schaefer, Ernst J.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Schaefer, EJ (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Lipid Metab Lab, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM ernst.schaefer@tufts.edu RI Hegele, Robert/G-3301-2011 FU endocrinology fellow at Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD [HL-60935, HL 74753, P050HL083813]; U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington DC [533K06-5-10] FX Dr. Lee was supported as an endocrinology fellow at Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA. Drs. Schaefer, Polisecki, and Asztalos were supported by research grants to the Lipid Metabolism Laboratory at Tufts University from the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (HL-60935, HL 74753 and P050HL083813) and the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington DC (contract 533K06-5-10). NR 11 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1933-2874 J9 J CLIN LIPIDOL JI J. Clin. Lipidol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 7 IS 2 BP 169 EP 173 DI 10.1016/j.jacl.2012.10.011 PG 5 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 099ZT UT WOS:000315665200012 PM 23415437 ER PT J AU Yadav, NVS de Vos, SM Bock, CH Wood, BW AF Yadav, N. V. S. de Vos, S. M. Bock, C. H. Wood, B. W. TI Development and validation of standard area diagrams to aid assessment of pecan scab symptoms on fruit SO PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE accuracy; disease assessment; disease management; disease severity; precision ID IMAGE-ANALYSIS; CITRUS CANKER; LEAF-SPOT; ZEA-MAYS; DISEASE; SEVERITY; ACCURACY; RELIABILITY; PRECISION; QUALITY AB Pecan scab (Fusicladium effusum) causes losses of pecan nutmeat yield and quality in the southeastern United States. Disease assessment relies on visual rating, which can be inaccurate and imprecise, with poor inter-rater reliability. A standard area diagram (SAD) set for pecan scab on fruit valves was developed. A set of 40 images of diseased fruit valves with known severity was assessed twice by 23 raters. The first assessment was conducted without SADs, and the second assessment was made using the SADs as an aid. SADs improved rater accuracy (correction factor, Cb=0 center dot 86 and 0 center dot 97, without and with SADs, respectively) and agreement (Lin's concordance correlation coefficient, c=0 center dot 79 and 0 center dot 89 without and with SADs, respectively) with true values. SADs improved inter-rater reliability (intra-class correlation coefficient, =0 center dot 77 and 0 center dot 96 without and with SADs, respectively). The least accurate and precise raters without SADs improved more using SADs compared to the most accurate and precise raters. Experienced raters had significantly higher accuracy and precision compared to inexperienced raters, but only when unaided by the SAD set. There was no significant difference in time to assess images without SADs, but experienced raters using SADs were faster compared to inexperienced raters. There was a slight tendency for faster raters to assess more slowly, and slower raters to assess faster when using SADs. SADs improve rater estimates of pecan scab severity on fruit, and this SAD set should be useful for assessment where greater precision, accuracy and inter-rater reliability are required. C1 [Yadav, N. V. S.] Ft Valley State Univ, Ft Valley, GA 31030 USA. [de Vos, S. M.] Univ Florida, Byron, GA 31008 USA. [Bock, C. H.; Wood, B. W.] ARS, USDA, SEFTNRL, Byron, GA 31008 USA. RP Bock, CH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, SEFTNRL, 21 Dunbar Rd, Byron, GA 31008 USA. EM clive.bock@ars.usda.gov NR 48 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0032-0862 J9 PLANT PATHOL JI Plant Pathol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 62 IS 2 BP 325 EP 335 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3059.2012.02641.x PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 104OC UT WOS:000316002900007 ER PT J AU Rojas, P Almada, RD Sandoval, C Keller, KE Martin, RR Caligari, PDS AF Rojas, P. Almada, R. D. Sandoval, C. Keller, K. E. Martin, R. R. Caligari, P. D. S. TI Occurrence of aphidborne viruses in southernmost South American populations of Fragaria chiloensis ssp chiloensis SO PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Patagonica; strawberry; Strawberry crinkle virus; Strawberry mild yellow edge virus; Strawberry mottle virus; Strawberry vein banding virus ID EDGE-ASSOCIATED POTEXVIRUS; STRAWBERRY-MOTTLE-VIRUS; SHORT DNA-SEQUENCES; DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; PCR DETECTION; SOFTWARE; GENETICS; PLANTS; TREES AB Wild and cultivated Fragaria chiloensis ssp. chiloensis (Fcc) plants were collected at different locations in southern Chile in order to determine the current viral status of this native strawberry. The following aphidborne viruses (ABVs): Strawberry mild yellow edge virus (SMYEV), Strawberry mottle virus (SMoV), Strawberry crinkle virus (SCV) and Strawberry vein banding virus (SVBV), were found in wild and cultivated Fcc plants, but severe symptoms were not associated with viral infection. Furthermore, partial gene sequences of these ABV isolates were determined and displayed a high degree of conservation with virus isolates reported previously. In addition, partial gene sequences of SCV and SVBV from southernmost South American populations of Fcc are described for the first time. High-throughput parallel sequencing (Illumina) of double-stranded RNA was used to provide viral profiles of Fcc from different locations. Although strong evidence of novel viruses affecting Fcc was not found, it was confirmed that ABVs are the most frequent viruses affecting this subspecies. The information provided will help in the development of high-quality molecular tools for virus detection and control in Fcc. C1 [Rojas, P.; Caligari, P. D. S.] Univ Talca, Inst Biol Vegetal & Biotecnol, Talca, Chile. [Almada, R. D.] INIA Rayentue, Ctr Estudios Avanzados Fruticultura, Santiago, Chile. [Sandoval, C.] Univ Talca, Fac Ciencias Agr, Talca, Chile. [Keller, K. E.; Martin, R. R.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM projas@inia.cl RI Caligari, Peter/B-1298-2008 OI Caligari, Peter/0000-0003-1223-7833 FU Universidad de Talca; CONICYT FX PR was supported by a Universidad de Talca doctoral fellowship and CONICYT funding to travel to Corvallis, OR, USA. We thank Ruth Price for excellent technical assistance and comments, and Marcela Salazar for plant collection, ELISA and RNA extractions. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0032-0862 J9 PLANT PATHOL JI Plant Pathol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 62 IS 2 BP 428 EP 435 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3059.2012.02643.x PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 104OC UT WOS:000316002900017 ER PT J AU Pastor, S Sethumadhavan, K Ullah, AHJ Gidda, S Cao, HP Mason, C Chapital, D Scheffler, B Mullen, R Dyer, J Shockey, J AF Pastor, Steven Sethumadhavan, Kandan Ullah, Abul H. J. Gidda, Satinder Cao, Heping Mason, Catherine Chapital, Dorselyn Scheffler, Brian Mullen, Robert Dyer, John Shockey, Jay TI Molecular properties of the class III subfamily of acyl-coenyzme A binding proteins from tung tree (Vernicia fordii) SO PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Acyl-CoA binding protein; Acyl-CoA binding domain; Phosphatidylcholine; Eleostearic acid; Triacylglycerol; Tung tree ID COENZYME-A; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; 3-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; FUNCTIONAL-ANALYSIS; DEVELOPING SEEDS; ACBP2 INTERACTS; COA; GENE AB Acyl-CoA binding proteins (ACBPs) have been identified in most branches of life, and play various roles in lipid metabolism, among other functions. Plants contain multiple classes of ACBP genes. The most diverse group is the class III proteins. Tung tree (Vernicia fordii) contains two such genes, designated VfACBP3A and VfACBP3B. The two proteins are significantly different in length and sequence. Analysis of tung ACBP3 genes revealed significant evolution, suggesting relatively ancient divergence of the two genes from a common ancestor. Phylogenetic comparisons of multiple plant class III proteins suggest that this group is the most evolutionarily dynamic class of ACBP. Both tung ACBP3 genes are expressed at similar levels in most tissues tested, but ACBP3A is stronger in leaves. Three-dimensional modeling predictions confirmed the presence of the conserved four a-helix bundle acyl-CoA binding (ACB); however, other regions of these proteins likely fold much differently. Acyl-CoA binding assays revealed different affinities for different acyl-CoAs, possibly contradicting the redundancy of function suggested by the gene expression studies. Subcellular targeting of transiently-expressed plant ACBP3 proteins contradicted earlier studies, and suggested that at least some class III ACBPs may be predominantly targeted to endoplasmic reticulum membranes, with little or no targeting to the apoplast. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Pastor, Steven; Sethumadhavan, Kandan; Ullah, Abul H. J.; Cao, Heping; Mason, Catherine; Chapital, Dorselyn; Shockey, Jay] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Gidda, Satinder; Mullen, Robert] Univ Guelph, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Scheffler, Brian] USDA ARS, MidSouth Area Genom Lab, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Dyer, John] USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. RP Shockey, J (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM Jay.Shockey@ars.usda.gov OI Shockey, Jay/0000-0002-5057-5457; Scheffler, Brian/0000-0003-1968-8952 FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (Current Research Information System) [6435-41000-106-00D]; Louisiana Board of Regents, Governor's Biotechnology Initiative; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council FX This work was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (Current Research Information System project number 6435-41000-106-00D to K.S., A.H.J.U., CM., H.C., and J.S.), the Louisiana Board of Regents, Governor's Biotechnology Initiative (J.S. and S.P.), and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (S.G. and R.T.M.) NR 46 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0168-9452 J9 PLANT SCI JI Plant Sci. PD APR PY 2013 VL 203 BP 79 EP 88 DI 10.1016/j.plantsci.2012.12.009 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 102FX UT WOS:000315831400010 PM 23415331 ER PT J AU Feng, GL Sharratt, B Vaddella, V AF Feng, Guanglong Sharratt, Brenton Vaddella, Venkata TI Windblown soil crust formation under light rainfall in a semiarid region SO SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Soil crust formation; Crust strength; Crust thickness; Rainfall simulator; Wind erosion ID COLUMBIA PLATEAU; AGRICULTURAL FIELDS; SIMULATED RAINFALL; AGGREGATE SIZE; WIND EROSION; LOESS SOILS; DUST; MICRORELIEF; STRENGTH; MODELS AB Many soils in arid and semi-arid regions of the world are affected by crusting, a process by which a compact layer or thin mantle of consolidated material is formed at the soil surface. Crusts can increase the resiliency of the soil to wind erosion, but characterization of soil crust formation to light precipitation events common to the Columbia Plateau region of the Inland Pacific Northwest is unknown. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of light rainfall events on crust formation of five soil types prominent in the Columbia Plateau. The five soils were Athena silt loam, Palouse silt loam, Ritzville silt loam, Walla Walla silt loam, and Warden sandy loam. Soil crusts were formed in the laboratory using a rainfall simulator that applied water at a rate of 2.5 mm h(-1) for various durations to achieve a total rainfall application of 0, 0.15, 0.30, 0.60 and 1.0 mm. Crust strength was measured by a penetrometer while crust thickness was measured by a ruler. Silt and clay content of the five soils ranged from 23 to 66% and from 9 to 17%, respectively. An increase in crust thickness and strength was observed with an increase in rainfall for all soils. Crust thickness was similar among the soils whereas crust strength varied among soils at any given level of rainfall. For example, crust strength of soils when subject to 0.15-0.60 mm of rainfall decreased in order of Walla Walla > Athena and Palouse > Ritzville and Warden. These results are consistent with a decreasing order of clay and silt contents. The strongest crust was formed on Palouse silt loam under the highest rainfall amount. A logarithm relationship adequately described the relationship between crust thickness and rainfall for the five soils (r(2) = 1.00). This relationship over-predicted crust thickness based upon observations in the field, but performed better than the algorithm used by the Wind Erosion Prediction System. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Feng, Guanglong] Chinese Acad Sci, Xinjiang Inst Ecol & Geog, State Key Lab Desert & Oasis Ecol, Urumqi 830011, Peoples R China. [Sharratt, Brenton] USDA ARS, Amarillo, TX USA. [Vaddella, Venkata] Texas A&M AgriLife Res, Amarillo, TX 79106 USA. RP Sharratt, B (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, 215 Johnson Hall, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM Brenton.sharratt@ars.usda.gov FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [41171019]; One Hundred Talented Researchers Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences; USDA-CSREES Columbia Plateau Wind Erosion/Air Quality project FX This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41171019), One Hundred Talented Researchers Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences and the USDA-CSREES Columbia Plateau Wind Erosion/Air Quality project. NR 34 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-1987 J9 SOIL TILL RES JI Soil Tillage Res. PD APR PY 2013 VL 128 BP 91 EP 96 DI 10.1016/j.still.2012.11.004 PG 6 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 098HB UT WOS:000315538600010 ER PT J AU Baranowski, T AF Baranowski, Tom TI Special Issue on Games for Mental Health SO GAMES FOR HEALTH JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Baylor Univ, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Pediat Behav Nutr,Dept Pediat,Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Baranowski, T (reprint author), Baylor Univ, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Pediat Behav Nutr,Dept Pediat,Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM Thomas.Baranowski@bcm.edu NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 2161-783X EI 2161-7856 J9 GAMES HEALTH J JI Games Health J. PD APR PY 2013 VL 2 IS 2 BP 59 EP 60 DI 10.1089/g4h.2013.1305 PG 2 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Rehabilitation SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Rehabilitation GA V40YW UT WOS:000209514900001 PM 26192121 ER PT J AU Baranowski, T Isaac, F Ashford, C Goldman, R Lenihan, DJ Poole, B Buday, R van Rijswijk, J AF Baranowski, Tom Isaac, Fikry Ashford, Chris Goldman, Ron Lenihan, David J. Poole, Brent Buday, Richard van Rijswijk, Jurriaan TI Business Models for Successfully Maintaining Games for Health SO GAMES FOR HEALTH JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material AB Videogames for health provide innovative, exciting, and possibly highly effective new media for helping players change their behaviors or otherwise benefit their health. Getting the right videogames into the hands of players who can benefit most in a way that pays for the continued innovation and creation of such games is a current challenge. Entertainment videogame companies, which create games primarily to enhance players' enjoyment, have used the general business marketplace (e.g., online stores, walk-in stores, app stores) to deliver their products directly to consumers and earn enough capital to invest in making new products. No one believes, however, that enough kids or adults would use the general business marketplace to purchase games for health in sufficient volume to provide the down payment for the innovation and creation of new games for health. A successful business model is critical to the financial future of games for health. We asked members of our Editorial Board who are in health-related companies (Fikry Isaac, MD, MPH), in several game development companies (Chris Ashford, Ron Goldman, David J. Lenihan, Brent Poole, and Richard Buday, FAIA), and the head of the Games for Health Europe Foundation (Jurriaan van Rijswijk, MSc) to address questions in a roundtable about the current and possible future business models for games for health. C1 [Baranowski, Tom] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat,Pediat Behav Nutr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Baranowski, Tom] Mary Ann Liebert Inc, Games Hlth Journal Res Dev & Clin Applicat, New Rochelle, NY USA. [Isaac, Fikry] Johnson & Johnson, Global Serv, New Brunswick, NJ USA. [Ashford, Chris] Blue Marble Game Co, Business Dev, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Goldman, Ron] Kognito Interact, New York, NY USA. [Lenihan, David J.; Poole, Brent] Healthper Inc, Princeton, NJ USA. Mindbloom, Seattle, WA USA. [Buday, Richard] Archimage Playnormous, Houston, TX USA. [van Rijswijk, Jurriaan] Games Hlth Europe Fdn, Helmond, Netherlands. RP Baranowski, T (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat,Pediat Behav Nutr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 2161-783X EI 2161-7856 J9 GAMES HEALTH J JI Games Health J. PD APR PY 2013 VL 2 IS 2 BP 64 EP 69 DI 10.1089/g4h.2013.0311 PG 6 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Rehabilitation SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Rehabilitation GA V40YW UT WOS:000209514900002 ER PT J AU Andiru, GA Pasian, CC Frantz, JM Jourdan, P AF Andiru, Gladys A. Pasian, Claudio C. Frantz, Jonathan M. Jourdan, Pablo TI Longevity of Controlled-release Fertilizer Influences the Growth of Bedding Impatiens SO HORTTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Impatiens wallerana; slow-release fertilizers; fertilization; bedding plants; application rate; consumer evaluations ID ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; LEACHING-LOSSES; NITROGEN; IRRIGATION; MANAGEMENT; SUBSTRATE; PLANTS; PH AB Controlled-release fertilizers (CRFs) have not been extensively used in floricultural production, perhaps due to lack of grower experience and research-based information with their use in herbaceous plant production. Any information about the correct use of CRF should increase growers' confidence in using this type of fertilizer. The objective of this research was to compare the growth and quality of bedding impatiens (Impatiens wallerana XTREME (TM) 'Scarlet') when grown with typical water-soluble fertilizer (WSF) and with different combinations of longevity and rates of a single formulation of CRF. The CRF 16N-3.9P-10K consisted of different longevities (3-4, 5-6, 8-9, or 12-14 months) and application rates (1.4, 3.4, 6.8, 10.2, or 13.6 kg.m(-3)). Plants were grown in the greenhouse, and consumer evaluations were performed at market maturity. Plant canopy cover, flower cover (FC), and shoot dry weight (DW) were also determined. Commercially acceptable plant quality was achieved with CRF application rates between 3.4 and 6.8 kg.m(-3). At low CRF application rates, the faster release rate (shorter longevities) CRFs produced larger plants [DW and leaf canopy cover (LCC)] with greater flowering potential (FC) than slower release rate CRFs. At higher application rates, slower release rates (longer longevities) outperformed the faster release CRFs for the same parameters. CRF-grown plants were smaller than WSF plants when CRFs were applied at the lowest rates. No differences in any of the three variables measured were found when plants were grown at a rate of 6.8 kg.m(-3) CRF of any longevity or with WSF. Growers should adjust CRF application rates according to CRF longevity. C1 [Andiru, Gladys A.; Pasian, Claudio C.; Jourdan, Pablo] Ohio State Univ, Dept Hort & Crop Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Frantz, Jonathan M.] ARS, USDA, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. RP Frantz, JM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 2801 West Bancroft,Mail Stop 604, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. EM jonathanfrantz319@gmail.com FU Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Services (CSREES), U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) [2009-38897-19894] FX Funding for this research was provided by the Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Services (CSREES), U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). Greenhouse, Ohio project. Award #2009-38897-19894). Salaries and research support were provided in part by state and federal funds appropriated to the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center (OARDC), the Ohio State University. NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 1063-0198 EI 1943-7714 J9 HORTTECHNOLOGY JI HortTechnology PD APR PY 2013 VL 23 IS 2 BP 157 EP 164 PG 8 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA AD7XK UT WOS:000333480600003 ER PT J AU Barney, DL Bauer, M Jensen, J AF Barney, Danny L. Bauer, Michael Jensen, Jennifer TI Survival, Frost Susceptibility, Growth, and Disease Resistance of Corkbark and Subalpine Fir Grown for Landscape and Christmas Trees SO HORTTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Abies lasiocarpa var. arizonica; A. lasiocarpa var. lasiocarpa; provenance; seed source AB Trees from six corkbark fir (Abies lasiocarpa var. arizonica) and 10 subalpine fir (A. lasiocarpa var. lasiocarpa) seed sources were grown at the University of Idaho Sandpoint Research and Extension Center (SREC), Sandpoint, ID, and two commercial nurseries in Idaho and Oregon. Posttransplant mortality was highest during the first two years. After six growing seasons, survival averaged 76% and 80% for corkbark and subalpine fir, respectively. In SREC irrigated plots, survival averaged 96% and 99% for corkbark and subalpine fir, respectively. Spring frost damage occurred annually on 66% to 100% of trees during 2002-06. In SREC plots, damage was minor and did not adversely affect appearance. Tree heights and growth rates varied significantly between seed sources. In general, corkbark fir grew faster than subalpine fir. After nine years in the field, mean heights of SREC-grown corkbark trees ranged from 2.1 to 2.9 m and that of subalpine trees ranged from 1.3 to 2.3 m, depending on seed source. Corkbark fir proved moderately resistant to resistant to a phoma-type fungal blight. Three corkbark seed sources appeared suitable for Christmas tree production. Subalpine trees were more susceptible to the blight. Some trees within both botanical varieties proved resistant to or highly tolerant of the blight, but the use of seedlings for landscapes may be unacceptably risky because of disease potential. Two fungicide programs (three applications of pyraclostrobin plus boscalid or one application of pyraclostrobin plus boscalid followed by one application of chlorothalonil) controlled the blight. Eight subalpine fir and 23 corkbark fir at SREC were selected for further testing as possible cultivars. Neither crop is recommended for sites with frequent or severe spring frosts. C1 [Barney, Danny L.] Iowa State Univ, USDA, ARS, North Cent Reg Plant Introduct Stn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Bauer, Michael] Univ Idaho, Sandpoint, ID 83864 USA. [Jensen, Jennifer] Univ Idaho, Bonners Ferry, ID 83805 USA. RP Barney, DL (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, USDA, ARS, North Cent Reg Plant Introduct Stn, Room G212 Agron Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM danny.barney@ars.usda.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 5 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 1063-0198 EI 1943-7714 J9 HORTTECHNOLOGY JI HortTechnology PD APR PY 2013 VL 23 IS 2 BP 194 EP 200 PG 7 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA AD7XK UT WOS:000333480600008 ER PT J AU Goenaga, R Ayala, T Quiles, A AF Goenaga, Ricardo Ayala, Tomas Quiles, Adolfo TI Yield Performance of Cowpea Plant Introductions Grown in Calcareous Soils SO HORTTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE seed protein; Vigna unguiculata; soil alkalinity ID VIGNA-UNGUICULATA; BICARBONATE; TOLERANCE; GENOTYPES; CHLOROSIS; ROOT AB Cowpea or southernpea (Vigna unguiculata) is an important legume crop used as a feed for livestock, as a green vegetable and for consumption of its dry beans, which provide 22% to 25% protein. The crop is very sensitive to alkaline soil conditions. When grown at a soil pH of 7.5 or higher, cowpea develops severe leaf chlorosis caused by deficiencies of iron, zinc, and manganese resulting in stunted plant growth and yield reduction. We evaluated in replicated field experiments at St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands, and Miami, FL, four PIs and one commercial cultivar, some of which have shown some tolerance to alkaline soils in unreplicated, seed regeneration plots of the U.S. cowpea collection. At both locations, PI582702 had significantly higher seed protein concentration than the other PIs, averaging 28%. Alkaline soil conditions at St. Croix were severe resulting in average yield of PIs at this location being significantly lower and 69% less than that in Florida. Nevertheless, some PIs performed well at both locations. For example, PI 582605 had significantly higher yield in Florida, whereas in St. Croix, PIs 582605, 582674, and 582702 were the highest yielders. These PIs may serve as an alternative to growers or home gardeners wishing to establish a legume crop in areas where agricultural production is severely restricted by high soil alkalinity. C1 [Goenaga, Ricardo; Quiles, Adolfo] ARS, USDA, Trop Agr Res Stn, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. [Ayala, Tomas] ARS, USDA, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, Miami, FL 33158 USA. RP Goenaga, R (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Trop Agr Res Stn, 2200 PA Campos Ave,Suite 201, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. EM Ricardo.Goenaga@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 1063-0198 EI 1943-7714 J9 HORTTECHNOLOGY JI HortTechnology PD APR PY 2013 VL 23 IS 2 BP 247 EP 251 PG 5 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA AD7XK UT WOS:000333480600016 ER PT J AU Thompson, MP Scott, J Helmbrecht, D Calkin, DE AF Thompson, Matthew P. Scott, Joe Helmbrecht, Don Calkin, Dave E. TI Integrated wildfire risk assessment: Framework development and application on the Lewis and Clark National Forest in Montana, USA SO INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Wildfire; Ecological risk assessment; Environmental management; Simulation; Expert judgment; Multicriteria decision analysis AB The financial, socioeconomic, and ecological impacts of wildfire continue to challenge federal land management agencies in the United States. In recent years, policymakers and managers have increasingly turned to the field of risk analysis to better manage wildfires and to mitigate losses to highly valued resources and assets (HVRAs). Assessing wildfire risk entails the interaction of multiple components, including integrating wildfire simulation outputs with geospatial identification of HVRAs and the characterization of fire effects to HVRAs. We present an integrated and systematic risk assessment framework that entails 3 primary analytical components: 1) stochastic wildfire simulation and burn probability modeling to characterize wildfire hazard, 2) expert-based modeling to characterize fire effects, and 3) multicriteria decision analysis to characterize preference structures across at-risk HVRAs. We demonstrate application of this framework for a wildfire risk assessment performed on the Little Belts Assessment Area within the Lewis and Clark National Forest in Montana, United States. We devote particular attention to our approach to eliciting and encapsulating expert judgment, in which we: 1) adhered to a structured process for using expert judgment in ecological risk assessment, 2) used as our expert base local resource scientists and fire/fuels specialists who have a direct connection to the specific landscape and HVRAs in question, and 3) introduced multivariate response functions to characterize fire effects to HVRAs that consider biophysical variables beyond fire behavior. We anticipate that this work will further the state of wildfire risk science and will lead to additional application of risk assessment to inform land management planning. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2013; 9: 329342. (c) 2012 SETAC RP Thompson, MP (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59807 USA. EM mpthompson02@fs.fed.us NR 52 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1551-3777 EI 1551-3793 J9 INTEGR ENVIRON ASSES JI Integr. Environ. Assess. Manag. PD APR PY 2013 VL 9 IS 2 BP 329 EP 342 DI 10.1002/ieam.1365 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 115KP UT WOS:000316811300019 PM 22987567 ER PT J AU Twrkoski, T Miller, S Scorza, R AF Twrkoski, Thomas Miller, Stephen Scorza, Ralph TI Effects of Size-Controlling Rootstocks on Growth and Yield of Peach Trees with Upright and Spreading Growth Habits SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE fruit number; fruit size; planting density; yield; yield efficiency AB New genotypes of peach with upright, narrow canopies have been developed that have novel management challenges but high production value. While these novel genotypes arc easily adapted to high density planting systems the increased tree height of narrow canopies can present problems in maintaining bearing surface low in the canopy, in harvesting, and the need for additional pruning. Size-controlling rootstocks have been used to manage tree size and productivity in apple and new size-controlling rootstocks have been developed for peach. These rootstocks may be highly beneficial for upright peach trees. In this experiment two Controller rootstocks (C5 and C9) and two standard (STD) rootstocks (Tennessee Natural and Bailey) were used with the cultivars 'Sweet-N-Up' (SU), which has an upright growth habit, and `Redhaven' (RH), which has a standard spreading habit, to evaluate effects of rootstock on scion growth and yield. Trees on C5, C9, and STD were planted at 2.4, 3.0, and 4.3 m spacing, respectively. Training of SU and RH was to Quad-V and Open Center, respectively. Over the five years of this experiment, individual tree yield and average fruit size of SU was consistently greater than RH. Trees on C5 and C9 produced fewer fruit per tree than on the two STD rootstocks. However, yield (kg.ha(-1)) of all rootstocks with either cultivar was not different when adjusted for tree planting density. Yield per tree and individual fruit weights were most reduced on C5 rootstock and least on STD. In general, the smallest-to-largest trees grew on C5, C9, and STD rootstocks. SU or RH trees grafted on C5 and C9 rootstocks and planted at higher density had equivalent yield per hectare as trees on STD at low planting density. However, the trees on dwarfing rootstocks planted at higher densities may be economically advantageous due to reduced pruning and harvesting costs and the increased potential for mechanized orchard operations. C1 [Twrkoski, Thomas; Miller, Stephen; Scorza, Ralph] ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, USDA, Keameysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Twrkoski, T (reprint author), ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, USDA, 2217 Wiltshire Rd, Keameysville, WV 25430 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER POMOLOGICAL SOC PI UNIVERSITY PK PA 102 TYSON BUILDING, UNIVERSITY PK, PA 16802 USA SN 1527-3741 J9 J AM POMOL SOC JI J. Amer. Pomolog. Soc. PD APR PY 2013 VL 67 IS 2 BP 89 EP 94 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Horticulture SC Agriculture GA V36TD UT WOS:000209232600004 ER PT J AU Gustafson, DJ Giunta, AP Echt, CS AF Gustafson, Danny J. Giunta, Anthony P., Jr. Echt, Craig S. TI Extensive clonal growth and biased sex ratios of an endangered dioecious shrub, Lindera melissifolia (Walt) Blume (Lauraceae) SO JOURNAL OF THE TORREY BOTANICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE biased sex ratio; dioecy; phalanx growth; pondberry; sexual extinction; vegetative reproduction ID GENETIC DIVERSITY; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; BENZOIN LAURACEAE; COMPUTER-PROGRAM; PLANTS; REPRODUCTION; PONDBERRY; DIMORPHISM; EVOLUTION; ECOLOGY AB Plant life history traits like clonal growth and dioecy can complicate endangered species conservation because of the potential for remnant populations to contain few genetically different individuals or a single sex. In this study, we used 11 microsatellite (SSR) markers to characterize fine-scale genetic structure of the endangered dioecious perennial Lindera melissifolia (pondberry) growing in seasonally isolated wetlands across the southern Atlantic Coastal Plain. We found fine-scale genetic structures consistent with extensive clonal growth in all sites. Of the 508 stems sampled across 11 sites, we found 67 genetic individuals (genets), of which 94% were site specific and 39% were represented by a single stem. Individual sites contained from 1 to 16 genets. Spatial genetic analyses showed limited intermingling among different genets within sites, which is consistent with a phalanx clonal growth form. Nine of the eleven sites had biased sex ratios, with six male and three female biased sites. Given our observations of extensive clonal growth, few genetic individuals, and biased sex ratios, we conclude that simple stem counts of this clonal perennial dioecious shrub will grossly overestimate the number of genetic individuals in these remnant southern Atlantic Coastal Plain sites. In order to promote self-sustaining sexually reproducing pondberry populations, as outlined in the pondberry recovery plan, natural areas managers may want to consider introducing unrelated and underrepresented gender plants into sites with few genets or biased sex ratios. C1 [Gustafson, Danny J.; Giunta, Anthony P., Jr.] The Citadel, Dept Biol, Charleston, SC 29409 USA. [Echt, Craig S.] US Forest Serv, Southern Inst Forest Genet, Southern Res Stn, USDA, Saucier, MS 39574 USA. RP Gustafson, DJ (reprint author), The Citadel, Dept Biol, Charleston, SC 29409 USA. EM danny.gustafson@citadel.edu RI Duello, Theresa/P-5752-2015 NR 54 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU TORREY BOTANICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 1095-5674 EI 1940-0616 J9 J TORREY BOT SOC JI J. Torrey Bot. Soc. PD APR PY 2013 VL 140 IS 2 BP 133 EP 144 DI 10.3159/TORREY-D-12-00072.1 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AM2CC UT WOS:000339655200001 ER PT J AU Kurtz, CM Savage, JA Huang, IY Cavender-Bares, J AF Kurtz, Cassandra M. Savage, Jessica A. Huang, I-Yu Cavender-Bares, Jeannine TI Consequences of salinity and freezing stress for two populations of Quercus virginiana Mill. (Fagaceae) grown in a common garden SO JOURNAL OF THE TORREY BOTANICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE chlorophyll fluorescence; freeze tolerance; Quercus virginiana; salt tolerance ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; SALT TOLERANCE; GAS-EXCHANGE; CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE; SERIES VIRENTES; WEST-COAST; ACORN SIZE; OAKS; SEEDLINGS; DROUGHT AB Climate change is of increasing concern in coastal forests where rising sea levels could lead to dramatic shifts in ecosystem composition. To investigate how inundation may impact coastal ecosystems, we examined the sensitivity of Quercus virginiana Mill., a dominant tree in the southeastern U. S., to increased soil salinity and examined whether high salinity could increase its susceptibility to freezing damage (-10 degrees C). In a greenhouse, we examined the effect of three salt treatments (0-6 ppt) on acorn development and sapling physiology. We examined samples collected from two populations: inland Florida (FL) and coastal North Carolina (NC). We found that higher salt concentrations did not affect acorn germination, but did retard emergence. In the sapling stage, high salinity was more detrimental to plants from the FL population, causing greater declines in photosynthetic rates, water use efficiency, and dark quantum yield. FL plants also demonstrated a lower freezing tolerance than NC plants but freezing temperatures did not exacerbate effects of salt stress. Our data demonstrate important population-level differences in the salt and freezing tolerance of Q. virginiana. Since salt tolerance is important to the recruitment, growth, and survival of coastal Quercus species, this research can help with future conservation and management of this important species. C1 [Kurtz, Cassandra M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Kurtz, Cassandra M.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Savage, Jessica A.; Huang, I-Yu; Cavender-Bares, Jeannine] Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Savage, JA (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, 1987 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM jsavage@fas.harvard.edu RI Savage, Jessica/A-6340-2013 OI Savage, Jessica/0000-0002-7756-7166 FU Dean's office of the Graduate School at the UMN; NSF [IOS: 0843665] FX This work was supported, in part by a grant from the Dean's office of the Graduate School at the UMN and by NSF IOS: 0843665 to Dr. J. Cavender-Bares. The authors thank Dr. K. Cavender-Bares and E. Warner for assistance with the freezing treatments and R. Montgomery, W. K. Moser and J. Stanovick for comments on the manuscript. NR 54 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 14 PU TORREY BOTANICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 1095-5674 EI 1940-0616 J9 J TORREY BOT SOC JI J. Torrey Bot. Soc. PD APR PY 2013 VL 140 IS 2 BP 145 EP 156 DI 10.3159/TORREY-D-12-00060.1 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AM2CC UT WOS:000339655200002 ER PT J AU McElrone, AJ Choat, B Parkinson, DY MacDowell, AA Brodersen, CR AF McElrone, Andrew J. Choat, Brendan Parkinson, Dilworth Y. MacDowell, Alastair A. Brodersen, Craig R. TI Using High Resolution Computed Tomography to Visualize the Three Dimensional Structure and Function of Plant Vasculature SO JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS LA English DT Article DE Plant Biology; Issue 74; Cellular Biology; Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Structural Biology; Physics; Environmental Sciences; Agriculture; botany; environmental effects (biological, animal and plant); plants; radiation effects (biological, animal and plant); CT scans; advanced visualization techniques; xylem networks; plant vascular function; synchrotron; x-ray micro-tomography; ALS 8.3.2; xylem; phloem; tomography; imaging AB High resolution x-ray computed tomography (HRCT) is a non-destructive diagnostic imaging technique with sub-micron resolution capability that is now being used to evaluate the structure and function of plant xylem network in three dimensions (3D) (e. g. Brodersen et al. 2010; 2011; 2012a, b). HRCT imaging is based on the same principles as medical CT systems, but a high intensity synchrotron x-ray source results in higher spatial resolution and decreased image acquisition time. Here, we demonstrate in detail how synchrotron-based HRCT (performed at the Advanced Light Source-LBNL Berkeley, CA, USA) in combination with Avizo software (VSG Inc., Burlington, MA, USA) is being used to explore plant xylem in excised tissue and living plants. This new imaging tool allows users to move beyond traditional static, 2D light or electron micrographs and study samples using virtual serial sections in any plane. An infinite number of slices in any orientation can be made on the same sample, a feature that is physically impossible using traditional microscopy methods. Results demonstrate that HRCT can be applied to both herbaceous and woody plant species, and a range of plant organs (i.e. leaves, petioles, stems, trunks, roots). Figures presented here help demonstrate both a range of representative plant vascular anatomy and the type of detail extracted from HRCT datasets, including scans for coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens), walnut (Juglans spp.), oak (Quercus spp.), and maple (Acer spp.) tree saplings to sunflowers (Helianthus annuus), grapevines (Vitis spp.), and ferns (Pteridium aquilinum and Woodwardia fimbriata). Excised and dried samples from woody species are easiest to scan and typically yield the best images. However, recent improvements (i. e. more rapid scans and sample stabilization) have made it possible to use this visualization technique on green tissues (e. g. petioles) and in living plants. On occasion some shrinkage of hydrated green plant tissues will cause images to blur and methods to avoid these issues are described. These recent advances with HRCT provide promising new insights into plant vascular function. C1 [McElrone, Andrew J.] USDA, Washington, DC USA. [McElrone, Andrew J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Viticulture & Enol, Davis, CA USA. [Choat, Brendan] Univ Western Sydney, Hawkesbury Inst Environm, Penrith, NSW 1797, Australia. [Parkinson, Dilworth Y.; MacDowell, Alastair A.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Penrith, NSW 1797, Australia. [Brodersen, Craig R.] Univ Florida, Citrus Res & Educ Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Brodersen, CR (reprint author), Univ Florida, Citrus Res & Educ Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM brodersen@ufl.edu RI Brodersen, Craig/J-1112-2016 OI Brodersen, Craig/0000-0002-0924-2570 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Current Research Information System [5306-21220-004-00]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; NIFA Specialty crops research initiative grant FX The authors would like to thank S Castorani, AJ Eustis, GA Gambetta, CM Manuck, Z Nasafi, and A Zedan. This work was funded by: the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Current Research Information System funding (research project no. 5306-21220-004-00; The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.); and NIFA Specialty crops research initiative grant to AJM. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 42 PU JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1 ALEWIFE CENTER, STE 200, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02140 USA SN 1940-087X J9 JOVE-J VIS EXP JI J. Vis. Exp. PD APR PY 2013 IS 74 AR UNSP e50162 DI 10.3791/50162 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA V36QY UT WOS:000209227100019 ER PT J AU Parsa, S Ortiz, V Vega, FE AF Parsa, Soroush Ortiz, Viviana Vega, Fernando E. TI Establishing Fungal Entomopathogens as Endophytes: Towards Endophytic Biological Control SO JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS LA English DT Article DE Bioengineering; Issue 74; Plant Biology; Microbiology; Infection; Environmental Sciences; Molecular Biology; Mycology; Entomology; Botany; Pathology; Agriculture; Pest Control; Fungi; Entomopathogen; Endophyte; Pest; Pathogen; Phaseolus vulgaris; Beauveria bassiana; Sustainable Agriculture; hemocytometer; inoculation; fungus AB Beauveria bassiana is a fungal entomopathogen with the ability to colonize plants endophytically. As an endophyte, B. bassiana may play a role in protecting plants from herbivory and disease. This protocol demonstrates two inoculation methods to establish B. bassiana endophytically in the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), in preparation for subsequent evaluations of endophytic biological control. Plants are grown from surface-sterilized seeds for two weeks before receiving a B. bassiana treatment of 108 conidia/ml (or water) applied either as a foliar spray or a soil drench. Two weeks later, the plants are harvested and their leaves, stems and roots are sampled to evaluate endophytic fungal colonization. For this, samples are individually surface sterilized, cut into multiple sections, and incubated in potato dextrose agar media for 20 days. The media is inspected every 2-3 days to observe fungal growth associated with plant sections and record the occurrence of B. bassiana to estimate the extent of its endophytic colonization. Analyses of inoculation success compare the occurrence of B. bassiana within a given plant part (i. e. leaves, stems or roots) across treatments and controls. In addition to the inoculation method, the specific outcome of the experiment may depend on the target crop species or variety, the fungal entomopathogen species strain or isolate used, and the plant's growing conditions. C1 [Parsa, Soroush; Ortiz, Viviana] Int Ctr Trop Agr CIAT, Cali, Colombia. [Vega, Fernando E.] ARS, Sustainable Perennial Crops Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Parsa, S (reprint author), Int Ctr Trop Agr CIAT, Cali, Colombia. EM s.parsa@cgiar.org OI Vega, Fernando E./0000-0001-8103-5640 FU Colombia's Administrative Department of Science, Technology and Innovation (Colciencias); Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation through the Grand Challenges Explorations initiative FX The production and the experimental work presented herein reflect the devoted and enthusiastic help of Reynaldo Pareja. Funded by Colombia's Administrative Department of Science, Technology and Innovation (Colciencias) and by a grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation through the Grand Challenges Explorations initiative. NR 31 TC 3 Z9 6 U1 8 U2 32 PU JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1 ALEWIFE CENTER, STE 200, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02140 USA SN 1940-087X J9 JOVE-J VIS EXP JI J. Vis. Exp. PD APR PY 2013 IS 74 AR UNSP e50360 DI 10.3791/50360 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA V36QY UT WOS:000209227100042 ER PT J AU Burkhart, JQ Rentch, JR Schuler, TM AF Burkhart, J. Q. Rentch, J. R. Schuler, T. M. TI Effects of Forest Management on Running Buffalo Clover (Trifolium stoloniferum Muhl. ex A. Eaton) Distribution and Abundance in the Fernow Experimental Forest SO NATURAL AREAS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE disturbance; endangered plant; non-equilibrium coexistence; timber harvesting ID TROPICAL RAIN-FORESTS; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; HARDWOOD FORESTS; DISTURBANCE; MAINTENANCE; DENSITY; CONSERVATION; PRODUCTIVITY; BIODIVERSITY; ECOLOGY AB Identifying habitat preferences of species of concern is fundamental to the practice of conservation, but disturbances and other environmental processes can substantially affect suitability. Trifolium stoloniferum, or running buffalo clover, is a federally endangered plant species that occurs on the Fernow Experimental Forest in West Virginia. Previous work and extensive anecdotal evidence suggests that this species is maintained in part by periodic disturbances to its habitat. In the Fernow Experimental Forest, this disturbance is in the form of intermittent logging activities. We investigated the role of forest harvesting practices and environmental variables in fostering T. stoloniferum at the stand level. Censuses have been conducted on T. stoloniferum occurrences in the Fernow since 1994, and occurrences are grouped by subcompartment or watershed, which are the basic management units within this experimental forest. Site characteristics and disturbance history were assessed for their impact upon T. stoloniferum presence and density. Classification tree analysis identified total number of forest harvest events in a subcompartment since 1948 as the most important predictor of T. stoloniferum presence or absence. Regression tree analysis identified aspect as important in determining T. stoloniferum abundance, with west-facing compartments supporting larger populations. This study confirms the importance of disturbance in maintaining T. stoloniferum populations. However, site characteristics independent of disturbance history are also predictors of T. stoloniferum presence and abundance, suggesting that managers attempting to restore or create habitat for T. stoloniferum should account for the interaction between disturbance history and site characters in determining suitability of habitat for T. stoloniferum. C1 [Burkhart, J. Q.; Rentch, J. R.] W Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Schuler, T. M.] USDA Forest Serv, Northern Res Stn, Parsons, WV 26287 USA. RP Burkhart, JQ (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM jburkha4@mix.wvu.edu RI Liu, Yi-Chun/H-5463-2012 FU USDA Forest Service Research; West Virginia University [09-JV-11242301-132] FX Funding for this study was provided in part by a USDA Forest Service Research Joint Venture Agreement with West Virginia University 09-JV-11242301-132: "Promoting expansion and flourishing of the endangered Running Buffalo Clover - determination of optimal light levels and agents of disturbance." NR 41 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU NATURAL AREAS ASSOC PI ROCKFORD PA 320 SOUTH THIRD ST, ROCKFORD, IL 61104 USA SN 0885-8608 EI 2162-4399 J9 NAT AREA J JI Nat. Areas J. PD APR PY 2013 VL 33 IS 2 BP 156 EP 162 DI 10.3375/043.033.0205 PG 7 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA AQ5UW UT WOS:000342875100005 ER PT J AU Rhyan, JC AF Rhyan, J. C. TI Pathogenesis and pathobiology of brucellosis in wildlife SO REVUE SCIENTIFIQUE ET TECHNIQUE-OFFICE INTERNATIONAL DES EPIZOOTIES LA English DT Article DE Brucella; Brucellosis; Marine mammal; Pathobiology; Pathogenesis; Pathology; Wildlife ID YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK; SUIS BIOVAR-4 INFECTION; MOOSE ALCES-ALCES; BISON BISON-BISON; TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS; MARINE MAMMALS; OVIS INFECTION; ABORTUS; CATTLE; TRANSMISSION AB Natural infections by Brucella spp. have been observed in wild populations. Owing to the similarity of lesions and the course of disease across host and pathogen species,the pathogenesis of brucellosis in wildlife is considered similar to that in domestic animals, which has been studied extensively. Similarities include tropism for reproductive and mammary tissues, trophoblast colonisation by the organism, and similar histopathological findings in organs, especially in the reproductive tract. Differences in the disease course exist and are likely to be attributable to immunological and behavioural differences among species. Further study of the pathogenesis and pathobiology of brucellosis in wildlife is expected to yield unique knowledge with application to disease management in both wild and domestic species. C1 US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Rhyan, JC (reprint author), US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM jack.c.rhyan@aphis.usda.gov NR 78 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 20 PU OFFICE INT EPIZOOTIES PI PARIS PA 12 RUE DE PRONY, 75017 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0253-1933 J9 REV SCI TECH OIE JI Rev. Sci. Tech. Off. Int. Epizoot. PD APR PY 2013 VL 32 IS 1 BP 127 EP 136 PG 10 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AI4ZI UT WOS:000336874800013 PM 23837371 ER PT J AU Olsen, SC AF Olsen, S. C. TI Recent developments in livestock and wildlife brucellosis vaccination SO REVUE SCIENTIFIQUE ET TECHNIQUE-OFFICE INTERNATIONAL DES EPIZOOTIES LA English DT Article DE Adaptive immunity; Brucellosis; DNA vaccine; Innate immunity; Nanoparticle; Vaccine ID ABORTUS STRAIN RB51; BUFFALO BUBALUS-BUBALIS; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; WATER-BUFFALO; SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; PROTECTING BISON; PREGNANT GOATS; VACCINES; EFFICACY; CATTLE AB Live attenuated brucellosis vaccines have been available for protecting domestic livestock against Brucella melitensis and B. abortus for more than 60 years. Current vaccines are effective in preventing abortion and transmission of brucellosis, but poor at preventing infection or seroconversion. In addition, they can induce abortions in pregnant animals and are infectious to humans. It can be argued that current vaccines were developed empirically in that the immunological mechanism(s) of action were not determined. Current knowledge suggests that both the innate and adaptive immune responses contribute to immunity against intracellular pathogens and that binding of pathogen structures onto pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) is crucial to the development of adaptive immunity. The phagosome appears to be vital for the presentation of antigens to T-cell subtypes that provide protective immunity to intracellular pathogens. The observation that killed bacteria or subunit vaccines do not appear to fully stimulate PRRs, or mimic Brucella trafficking through phagosomes, may explain their inability to induce immunity that equals the protection provided by live attenuated vaccines. Brucella appears to have multiple mechanisms that subvert innate and adaptive immunity and prevent or minimise immunological responses. New technologies, such as DNA vaccines and nanoparticles, may be capable of delivering Brucella antigens in a way that induces protective immunity in domestic livestock or wildlife reservoirs of brucellosis. Because of the reemergence of brucellosis worldwide, with an increasing incidence of human infection, there is a great need for improved brucellosis vaccines. The greatest need is for new or improved vaccines against B. melitensis and B. suis. C1 USDA ARS, Bacterial Dis Livestock Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Olsen, SC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Bacterial Dis Livestock Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, 1920 Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM steven.olsen@ars.usda.gov NR 53 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 6 U2 19 PU OFFICE INT EPIZOOTIES PI PARIS PA 12 RUE DE PRONY, 75017 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0253-1933 J9 REV SCI TECH OIE JI Rev. Sci. Tech. Off. Int. Epizoot. PD APR PY 2013 VL 32 IS 1 BP 207 EP 217 PG 11 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AI4ZI UT WOS:000336874800020 PM 23837378 ER PT J AU Plumb, GE Olsen, SC Buttke, D AF Plumb, G. E. Olsen, S. C. Buttke, D. TI Brucellosis: 'One Health' challenges and opportunities SO REVUE SCIENTIFIQUE ET TECHNIQUE-OFFICE INTERNATIONAL DES EPIZOOTIES LA English DT Article DE Adaptive risk management; Brucella; Brucellosis; Collaboration; One Health AB Brucellosis is an ancient disease with host-specific evolutionary mechanisms that allow it to hide from or manipulate cellular immunity and achieve intracellular persistence. The disease yields low fatality rates but can cause substantial disabilities. Zoonotic brucellosis remains widespread and neglected in many areas despite notable advances in science, technology, and management in the 19th and 20th Centuries. The burden appears to remain greatest, and yet most under-prioritised globally, amongst pastoral peoples and small-scale livestock farmers. Capacity building for zoonotic brucellosis diagnosis, surveillance, management, and treatment in developing countries faces numerous challenges. Adaptive risk management can provide a framework to build stakeholder support for addressing the complexities and uncertainties, and learning from management actions. The challenges and opportunities for brucellosis management must be recognised as fundamentally multivariate, multifaceted, and integrative; it is thus crucial for veterinary, public health, and wildlife/conservation professions to collaboratively develop, adopt and promulgate a brucellosis One Health paradigm. C1 [Plumb, G. E.] Natl Pk Serv, Wildlife Conservat Branch, Biol Resource Management Div, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. [Olsen, S. C.] USDA ARS, Bacterial Dis Livestock Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Buttke, D.] Natl Pk Serv, Wildlife Hlth Branch, Biol Resource Management Div, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Buttke, D.] Natl Pk Serv, Off Publ Hlth, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Plumb, GE (reprint author), Natl Pk Serv, Wildlife Conservat Branch, Biol Resource Management Div, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. EM glenn_plumb@nps.gov NR 34 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 15 PU OFFICE INT EPIZOOTIES PI PARIS PA 12 RUE DE PRONY, 75017 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0253-1933 J9 REV SCI TECH OIE JI Rev. Sci. Tech. Off. Int. Epizoot. PD APR PY 2013 VL 32 IS 1 BP 271 EP 278 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AI4ZI UT WOS:000336874800026 PM 23837384 ER PT J AU Morrison, H Power, TG Nicklas, T Hughes, SO AF Morrison, Halley Power, Thomas G. Nicklas, Theresa Hughes, Sheryl O. TI Exploring the effects of maternal eating patterns on maternal feeding and child eating SO APPETITE LA English DT Article DE Eating behaviors; Childhood obesity; Head Start; Parental feeding strategies; Preschoolers ID PRESCHOOL-AGED CHILDREN; BEHAVIOR QUESTIONNAIRE; PARENTING STYLES; WEIGHT STATUS; OBESITY; TRANSMISSION; STRATEGIES; BELIEFS AB Recent research has demonstrated the importance of maternal feeding practices and children's eating behavior in the development of childhood obesity. The purpose of this study was to examine the relations between maternal and child eating patterns, and to examine the degree to which these relationships were mediated through maternal feeding practices. Two hundred and twenty-two low-income mothers and their preschool children participated. About half of the families were African American and half were Latino. Mothers completed questionnaires assessing maternal eating patterns, maternal feeding practices, and children's eating patterns. Maternal external eating (eating in response to outside stimuli, not internal hunger/thirst cues) was positively correlated with two child eating scores: picky eating and desire to eat. Mediational analyses showed that external eating in mothers was related to picky eating in children through high maternal control in feeding; the relationship between mothers' external eating and desire to eat in children was not mediated through maternal control. Picky eating and desire to eat in children were related to emotional eating in mothers as well. The implications of these results for understanding the development of childhood obesity are considered. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Morrison, Halley; Power, Thomas G.] Washington State Univ, Dept Human Dev, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Nicklas, Theresa; Hughes, Sheryl O.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Power, TG (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Human Dev, POB 644852, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM tompower@wsu.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture [2006-55215-16695]; Kraft, Inc.; USDA/ARS [6250-51000-053] FX This research was supported by funds from the United States Department of Agriculture, Grant No. 2006-55215-16695 and, in part, with funds from Kraft, Inc. This work is a publication of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA/ARS) Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, and has been funded in part with federal funds from the USDA/ARS under Cooperative Agreement No. 6250-51000-053. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USDA, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement from the U.S. government. The authors would like to thank the Head Start families who participated in this study and the Head Start districts of Avance, Gulf Coast Community Services Association, and Neighborhood Centers Inc. NR 34 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 7 U2 55 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0195-6663 J9 APPETITE JI Appetite PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 63 BP 77 EP 83 DI 10.1016/j.appet.2012.12.017 PG 7 WC Behavioral Sciences; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Behavioral Sciences; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 095WV UT WOS:000315366600011 PM 23291285 ER PT J AU Hoeger, IC Nair, SS Ragauskas, AJ Deng, YL Rojas, OJ Zhu, JY AF Hoeger, Ingrid C. Nair, Sandeep S. Ragauskas, Arthur J. Deng, Yulin Rojas, Orlando J. Zhu, J. Y. TI Mechanical deconstruction of lignocellulose cell walls and their enzymatic saccharification SO CELLULOSE LA English DT Article DE Cell wall deconstruction; Enzymatic hydrolysis; Saccharification; Lignocelluloses; Size reduction; Grinding; Nanocellulose; Nanofibers; Nanofibrils; Lignocellulose nanofibrils; Biofuel ID ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; LODGEPOLE-PINE; PULP FIBERS; HYDROLYSIS; WOOD; PRETREATMENT; RECALCITRANCE; NANOFIBRILS; SURFACE; POPLAR AB Laboratory mechanical softwood pulps (MSP) and commercial bleached softwood kraft pulps (BSKP) were mechanically fibrillated by stone grinding with a SuperMassColloider(A (R)). The extent of fibrillation was evaluated by SEM imaging, water retention value (WRV) and cellulase adsorption. Both lignin content and mechanical treatment significantly affected deconstruction and enzymatic saccharification of fibrillated MSP and BSKP. Fibrillation of MSP and BSKP cell walls occurs rapidly and then levels off; further fibrillation has only limited effect on cell wall breakdown as measured by water retention value and cellulase adsorption. Complete (100 %) saccharification can be achieved at cellulase loading of 5 FPU/g glucan for BSKP after only 15 min fibrillation with energy input of 0.69 MJ/kg. However, the presence of lignin in MSP affects the extent of fibrillation producing fibrils mainly above 1 mu m. Lignin binds nonproductively to cellulases and blocks cellulose thereby reducing its accessibility. As a result, the cellulose saccharification efficiency of MSP fibrils (6 h of fibrillation, energy input of 13.33 MJ/kg) was only 55 % at same cellulase loading of 5 FPU/g glucan. C1 [Hoeger, Ingrid C.; Rojas, Orlando J.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forest Biomat, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Nair, Sandeep S.; Ragauskas, Arthur J.; Deng, Yulin] Georgia Inst Technol, Inst Paper Sci & Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Ragauskas, Arthur J.] Georgia Inst Technol, Dept Chem & Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Deng, Yulin] Georgia Inst Technol, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Zhu, J. Y.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Zhu, JY (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM jzhu@fs.fed.us RI Rojas, Orlando/O-2890-2014; OI Rojas, Orlando/0000-0003-4036-4020; Ragauskas, Arthur/0000-0002-3536-554X FU USDA Forest Service R&D special funding on Cellulose Nano-Materials FX This work was sponsored by the USDA Forest Service R&D special funding on Cellulose Nano-Materials (2012). NR 46 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 6 U2 119 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0969-0239 J9 CELLULOSE JI Cellulose PD APR PY 2013 VL 20 IS 2 BP 807 EP 818 DI 10.1007/s10570-013-9867-9 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA 097NI UT WOS:000315480400021 ER PT J AU Harwood, JF Vargas, RI Carey, JR AF Harwood, James F. Vargas, Roger I. Carey, James R. TI Leg impairment magnifies reproductive costs in male Mediterranean fruit flies, Ceratitis capitata SO ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA LA English DT Article DE injury; amputation; trade-offs; terminal investment hypothesis; Tephritidae; medfly; Diptera; asymmetry ID DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; FLY DIPTERA; TERMINAL INVESTMENT; WING DAMAGE; MATING COMPETITIVENESS; ONTHOPHAGUS-BINODIS; BEHAVIOR PATTERNS; TEPHRITIDAE; AGE; LONGEVITY AB Injuries frequently accumulate with age in nature. Despite the commonality of injury and the resulting impairment, there are limited experimental data for the effects of impairment on life history trade-offs between reproduction and survival in insects. We tested the effects of artificial injury and the resulting impairment on the reproductive costs and behavior of male medflies, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae). Treatment flies were impaired by amputating tarsomere segments 25 from the right foreleg at either eclosion or age 22days. The effect of impairment and age on the cost of reproduction was tested by varying the timing of female availability among the treatments. Courtship behavior and copulation rates were observed hourly from age 25days to determine the effects of impairment on reproductive behavior. Female access combined with the impairment reduced the life expectancy of males more than the impairment alone, whereas the health effect of amputation was influenced by age. Conversely, the risk of death due to impairment was not influenced by the males' mating status prior to amputation. The males' copulation success was reduced due to impairment, whereas courtship behavior was not affected. Impairment does not reduce the males' impulse to mate, but decreases the females' receptivity to copulation, while also increasing the cost of each successful mating. Overall, minor impairment lowers the reproductive success of males and reduces longevity. C1 [Harwood, James F.; Carey, James R.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Vargas, Roger I.] ARS, USDA, PBARC, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Harwood, JF (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM jharwood2686@gmail.com FU NIH/NIA program [P01 AG022500-01, P01 AG08761-10] FX We thank S Souder, R Ijima, Y Nakane, M McKenney, K Shigetani, and M Chou for logistical support and assistance in conducting experiments, as well as P Lower and F Zalom for comments on earlier drafts and editorial assistance. This research was funded through the NIH/NIA program grants P01 AG022500-01 and P01 AG08761-10. NR 47 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 24 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0013-8703 J9 ENTOMOL EXP APPL JI Entomol. Exp. Appl. PD APR PY 2013 VL 147 IS 1 BP 73 EP 81 DI 10.1111/eea.12042 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 100KG UT WOS:000315698000007 PM 23525182 ER PT J AU Park, TA Sauer, J AF Park, Timothy A. Sauer, Johannes TI Evaluating food retailers using dual elasticities of substitution SO JOURNAL OF PRODUCTIVITY ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Food retailing; Dual Morishima elasticity of substitution; Input distance function ID PRODUCTIVITY; PERFORMANCE; ENTRY; WAGES AB Dual elasticities of substitution from a distance function model of the food retailing establishment are developed based on multiple performance measures integrated with store characteristics, staffing decisions, and employee benefits and incentives. The impacts of organizational and competitive conditions such as store format, membership in a self-distributing chain, and the presence of a supercenter on store management decisions are evaluated. Technical substitution relationships implied by the dual Morishima elasticities confirm that moderate changes in relative shadow factor prices are associated with input adjustments in retail operations, implying that the costs of adjusting input allocations are small. Both value added and service offerings decline in the presence of a supercenter, with food retailers relying on price adjustments as a primary strategy. C1 [Park, Timothy A.] ERS, Food Mkt Branch, USDA, Washington, DC 20024 USA. [Sauer, Johannes] Univ Kiel, Inst Agr Econ, D-24103 Kiel, Germany. RP Park, TA (reprint author), ERS, Food Mkt Branch, USDA, 355 E St SW, Washington, DC 20024 USA. EM tapark@ers.usda.gov; jsauer@ae.uni-kiel.de NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0895-562X J9 J PROD ANAL JI J. Prod. Anal. PD APR PY 2013 VL 39 IS 2 BP 111 EP 122 DI 10.1007/s11123-012-0279-x PG 12 WC Business; Economics; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Business & Economics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA 098VZ UT WOS:000315578500002 ER PT J AU Xu, LS Chen, WD AF Xu, Liangsheng Chen, Weidong TI Random T-DNA Mutagenesis Identifies a Cu/Zn Superoxide Dismutase Gene as a Virulence Factor of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum SO MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article ID AGROBACTERIUM-MEDIATED TRANSFORMATION; 2A PHOSPHOPROTEIN PHOSPHATASE; INSERTIONAL MUTAGENESIS; BOTRYTIS-CINEREA; MAGNAPORTHE-ORYZAE; OXIDATIVE STRESS; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; NADPH OXIDASES; PATHOGENICITY AB Agrobacterium-mediated transformation (AMT) was used to identify potential virulence factors in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Screening AMT transformants identified two mutants showing significantly reduced virulence. The mutants showed growth rate, sclerotial formation, and oxalate production similar to that of the wild type. The mutation was due to a single T-DNA insertion at 212 bp downstream of the Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) gene (SsSOD1, SS1G_00699). Expression levels of SsSOD1 were significantly increased under oxidative stresses or during plant infection in the wild-type strain but could not be detected in the mutant. SsSOD1 functionally complemented the Cu/Zn SOD gene in a delta sod1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant. The SOD mutant had increased sensitivity to heavy metal toxicity and oxidative stress in culture and reduced ability to detoxify superoxide in infected leaves. The mutant also had reduced expression levels of other known pathogenicity genes such as endo-polygalacturanases sspg1 and sspg3. The functions of SsSOD1 were further confirmed by SsSOD1-deletion mutation. Like the AMT insertion mutant, the SsSOD1-deletion mutant exhibited normal growth rate, sclerotial formation, oxalate production, increased sensitivity to metal and oxidative stress, and reduced virulence. These results suggest that SsSOD1, while not being required for saprophytic growth and completion of the life cycle, plays critical roles in detoxification of reactive oxygen species during host-pathogen interactions and is an important virulence factor of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. C1 [Chen, Weidong] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Washington State Univ, USDA, ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Chen, WD (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM w-chen@wsu.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service National Sclerotinia Initiative FX We thank two anonymous reviewers for valuable suggestions and D. J. Thiele of Duke University for kindly providing the mutant strain of Delta sod1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Research was funded, in part, by the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service National Sclerotinia Initiative. NR 58 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 38 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0894-0282 J9 MOL PLANT MICROBE IN JI Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. PD APR PY 2013 VL 26 IS 4 BP 431 EP 441 DI 10.1094/MPMI-07-12-0177-R PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 099UF UT WOS:000315647200006 PM 23252459 ER PT J AU Voegel, TM Doddapaneni, H Cheng, DW Lin, H Stenger, DC Kirkpatrick, BC Roper, MC AF Voegel, Tanja M. Doddapaneni, Harshavardhan Cheng, Davis W. Lin, Hong Stenger, Drake C. Kirkpatrick, Bruce C. Roper, M. Caroline TI Identification of a response regulator involved in surface attachment, cellcell aggregation, exopolysaccharide production and virulence in the plant pathogen Xylella fastidiosa SO MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID 2-COMPONENT SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; BIOFILM FORMATION; PIERCES-DISEASE; HEMAGGLUTININ ADHESINS; TWITCHING MOTILITY; IN-VITRO; IV PILI; BACTERIA; COLONIZATION; CHEMOTAXIS AB Xylella fastidiosa, the causal agent of Pierce's disease of grapevine, possesses several two-component signal transduction systems that allow the bacterium to sense and respond to changes in its environment. Signals are perceived by sensor kinases that autophosphorylate and transfer the phosphate to response regulators (RRs), which direct an output response, usually by acting as transcriptional regulators. In the X.fastidiosa genome, 19 RRs were found. A site-directed knockout mutant in one unusual RR, designated XhpT, composed of a receiver domain and a histidine phosphotransferase output domain, was constructed. The resulting mutant strain was analysed for changes in phenotypic traits related to biofilm formation and gene expression using microarray analysis. We found that the xhpT mutant was altered in surface attachment, cellcell aggregation, exopolysaccharide (EPS) production and virulence in grapevine. In addition, this mutant had an altered transcriptional profile when compared with wild-type X.fastidiosa in genes for several biofilm-related traits, such as EPS production and haemagglutinin adhesins. C1 [Voegel, Tanja M.; Kirkpatrick, Bruce C.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Doddapaneni, Harshavardhan; Cheng, Davis W.; Lin, Hong; Stenger, Drake C.] USDA ARS, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Roper, M. Caroline] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. RP Roper, MC (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM mcroper@ucr.edu FU California Department of Food and Agriculture Pierce's Disease/Glassy Winged Sharpshooter Research Program FX This research was supported by the California Department of Food and Agriculture Pierce's Disease/Glassy Winged Sharpshooter Research Program. The authors would like to thank Jerome Braun (Department of Statistics, University of California, Davis, CA, USA) for assistance with the statistical analysis. NR 47 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 41 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1464-6722 J9 MOL PLANT PATHOL JI Mol. Plant Pathol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 14 IS 3 BP 256 EP 264 DI 10.1111/mpp.12004 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 100YS UT WOS:000315742100005 PM 23186359 ER PT J AU Radwan, O Li, M Calla, B Li, SX Hartman, GL Clough, SJ AF Radwan, Osman Li, Min Calla, Bernarda Li, Shuxian Hartman, Glen L. Clough, Steven J. TI Effect of Fusarium virguliforme phytotoxin on soybean gene expression suggests a role in multidimensional defence SO MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SUDDEN-DEATH SYNDROME; PLANT-DISEASE RESISTANCE; PHAKOPSORA-PACHYRHIZI SYDOW; F SP. GLYCINES; CAUSAL AGENT; XYLOGLUCAN ENDOTRANSGLYCOSYLASE; SCLEROTINIA-SCLEROTIORUM; BRADYRHIZOBIUM-JAPONICUM; NECROTROPHIC FUNGI; FIELD-RESISTANCE AB Sudden death syndrome (SDS), caused by Fusarium virguliforme, is an important yield-limiting disease of soybean. This soil-borne fungus colonizes soybean roots causing root rot, and also releases a phytotoxin that is translocated to leaves causing interveinal chlorosis and necrosis leading to defoliation and early maturation. The objective of our study was to compare gene expression profiles during the early response of soybean leaves exposed to sterile culture filtrates of F.virguliforme in soybean genotypes with different levels of resistance to SDS. The analysis identified SDS-related defence genes that were induced in the most resistant genotype, but not in the other genotypes. Further functional annotations based on sequence homology suggested that some of the induced genes probably encode proteins involved in cell wall modification, detoxification, defence responses, primary metabolism and membrane transport. Quantitative real-time reverse-transcribed polymerase chain reaction confirmed the differential transcript accumulation of a subset of these genes. In addition, insilico mapping of differentially expressed genes to SDS-resistant quantitative trait loci allowed for the identification of new potential defence genes that could be genetically mapped to the soybean genome, and could be used further in a marker-assisted selection programme. A comparison of the response of soybean to F.virguliforme phytotoxin (Fv toxin) relative to other biotic and abiotic stresses revealed that the resistance response to Fv toxin is quite similar to the response to inoculation with an incompatible Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea strain, suggesting that Fv toxin might induce hypersensitive response pathways in soybean leaf tissues in the absence of pathogen in these tissues. C1 [Radwan, Osman; Li, Min; Calla, Bernarda; Li, Shuxian; Hartman, Glen L.; Clough, Steven J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Radwan, Osman] Univ Illinois, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Li, Shuxian] USDA ARS, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Hartman, Glen L.; Clough, Steven J.] USDA ARS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Clough, SJ (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM steven.clough@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Current Research Information System [3611-21000-018-00D]; University of Illinois Soybean Disease Biotechnology Center; National Science Foundation Plant Genome Research Program [DBI-0421620] FX The authors thank Yinping Qin for assistance with the toxin assay, and David Walker for use of the qRT-PCR machine. This work was financed by the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Current Research Information System (#3611-21000-018-00D) as well as by grants from the University of Illinois Soybean Disease Biotechnology Center and the National Science Foundation Plant Genome Research Program (# DBI-0421620). The mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. NR 62 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 56 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1464-6722 J9 MOL PLANT PATHOL JI Mol. Plant Pathol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 14 IS 3 BP 293 EP 307 DI 10.1111/mpp.12006 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 100YS UT WOS:000315742100008 PM 23240728 ER PT J AU Badri, DV Zolla, G Bakker, MG Manter, DK Vivanco, JM AF Badri, Dayakar V. Zolla, Gaston Bakker, Matthew G. Manter, Daniel K. Vivanco, Jorge M. TI Potential impact of soil microbiomes on the leaf metabolome and on herbivore feeding behavior SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Arabidopsis; insect feeding; leaf metabolome; plant growth; soil microbiomes ID GLUCOSINOLATE CONTENT; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PLANT-RESISTANCE; REVEALS; RHIZOSPHERE; COMMUNITIES; LEAVES; GENERALIST; SPECIALIST AB It is known that environmental factors can affect the biosynthesis of leaf metabolites. Similarly, specific pairwise plantmicrobe interactions modulate the plant's metabolome by stimulating production of phytoalexins and other defense-related compounds. However, there is no information about how different soil microbiomes could affect the plant growth and the leaf metabolome. We analyzed experimentally how diverse soil microbiomes applied to the roots of Arabidopsis thaliana were able to modulate plant growth and the leaf metabolome, as assessed by GC-MS analyses. Further, we determined the effects of soil microbiome-driven changes in leaf metabolomics on the feeding behavior of Trichopulsia ni larvae. Soil microbiomes differentially impacted plant growth patterns as well as leaf metabolome composition. Similarly, most microbiome-treated plants showed inhibition to larvae feeding, compared with unamended control plants. Pyrosequencing analysis was conducted to determine the soil microbial composition and diversity of the soils used in this study. Correlation analyses were performed to determine relationships between various factors (soil microbial taxa, leaf chemical components, plant growth patterns and insect feeding behavior) and revealed that leaf amino acid content was positively correlated with both microbiome composition and insect feeding behavior. C1 [Badri, Dayakar V.; Zolla, Gaston; Bakker, Matthew G.; Vivanco, Jorge M.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Hort & Landscape Architecture, Ctr Rhizosphere Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Manter, Daniel K.] ARS, USDA, Soil Plant Nutrient Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Vivanco, JM (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Hort & Landscape Architecture, Ctr Rhizosphere Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM j.vivanco@colostate.edu RI Bakker, Matthew/B-8610-2013 OI Bakker, Matthew/0000-0003-0345-0587 FU National Science Foundation [MCB-0950857] FX This research was supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation to J.M.V. (MCB-0950857). We gratefully acknowledge Dr Paul Ode (Colorado State University) for generously providing T. ni larvae to our experimental studies. NR 52 TC 34 Z9 37 U1 10 U2 177 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0028-646X J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 198 IS 1 BP 264 EP 273 DI 10.1111/nph.12124 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 096YH UT WOS:000315440400027 PM 23347044 ER PT J AU Fajardo, D Morales, J Zhu, H Steffan, S Harbut, R Bassil, N Hummer, K Polashock, J Vorsa, N Zalapa, J AF Fajardo, D. Morales, J. Zhu, H. Steffan, S. Harbut, R. Bassil, N. Hummer, K. Polashock, J. Vorsa, N. Zalapa, J. TI Discrimination of American Cranberry Cultivars and Assessment of Clonal Heterogeneity Using Microsatellite Markers SO PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTER LA English DT Article DE Vaccinium macrocarpon; Simple sequence repeats (SSRs); Genetic resources; Germplasm; Fingerprinting ID SEQUENCE REPEATS SSRS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; RAPD AB Cranberries (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) are an economically important fruit crop derived from a North American native species. We report the application of 12 simple sequence repeats (SSR) or microsatellite markers to assess the genetic diversity of cranberry cultivars. We studied 164 samples of 21 different cranberry cultivars, 11 experimental hybrids, and 6 representative accessions of wild species. Genetic cluster analysis, based on 117 SSR alleles, differentiated the major cranberry cultivars. However, some cranberry cultivar subclone variants and mislabeled samples were observed. Consensus genetic profiles identified the most likely clonal representatives of several important cranberry cultivars (e.g., "Ben Lear," "Howes," and "Stevens"). The markers were further used to confirm putative parents of several hybrid progenies. The long-term goal of our studies is to identify, preserve, and utilize unique genetic materials to breed improved cranberries. Attaining this goal will help growers maintain sustainability under changing economic and environmental conditions. C1 [Steffan, S.; Zalapa, J.] USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Fajardo, D.; Morales, J.; Zhu, H.; Harbut, R.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Bassil, N.; Hummer, K.] USDA ARS, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Polashock, J.] USDA ARS, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, Chatsworth, NJ USA. [Vorsa, N.] Rutgers State Univ, Blueberry & Cranberry Res & Extens Ctr, Chatsworth, NJ USA. RP Zalapa, J (reprint author), USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM jezalapa@wisc.edu FU University of Wisconsin-Madison [DBI-1063085]; Wisconsin Cranberry Growers Association; USDA-ARS [3655-21220-001-00] FX The authors thank PS100, Emily Gustin, and Eric Wiesman for their help with different aspects of this manuscript. B. McCown, E. Zeldin, E. Grygleski, and Rod Serres provided cranberry samples. This project was supported by the Integrative Biological Sciences Summer Research Program at the University of Wisconsin-Madison through a National Foundation Science grant (DBI-1063085), the Wisconsin Cranberry Growers Association, and the USDA-ARS (project number 3655-21220-001-00). NR 21 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 29 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0735-9640 J9 PLANT MOL BIOL REP JI Plant Mol. Biol. Rep. PD APR PY 2013 VL 31 IS 2 BP 264 EP 271 DI 10.1007/s11105-012-0497-4 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 097RV UT WOS:000315492100002 ER PT J AU Manohar, S Jagadeeswaran, G Nimmakayala, P Tomason, Y Almeida, A Sunkar, R Levi, A Reddy, UK AF Manohar, Sumanth Jagadeeswaran, Guru Nimmakayala, Padma Tomason, Yan Almeida, Aldo Sunkar, Ramanjulu Levi, Amnon Reddy, Umesh K. TI Dynamic Regulation of Novel and Conserved miRNAs Across Various Tissues of Diverse Cucurbit Species SO PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTER LA English DT Article DE miRNA regulation; qRT PCR; microRNAs; Cucurbits ID PLANT MICRORNAS; SMALL RNAS; EXPRESSION PATTERNS; DOWN-REGULATION; ARABIDOPSIS; GENES; BIOGENESIS; STRESS; TARGETS; TRANSCRIPTOME AB MicroRNA genes (miRNAs) encoding small non-coding RNAs are abundant in plant genomes and play a key role in regulating several biological mechanisms. Five conserved miRNAs, miR156, miR168-1, miR168-2, miR164, and miR166 were selected for analysis from the 21 known plant miRNA families that were recovered from deep sequencing data of small RNA libraries of pumpkin and squash. A total of six novel miRNAs that were not reported before were found to have precursors with reliable fold-back structures and hence considered novel and were designated as cuc_nov_miRNAs. A set of five conserved, six novel miRNAs, and five uncharacterized small RNAs from the deep sequencing data were profiled for their dynamic regulation using qPCR. The miRNAs were evaluated for differential regulation across the tissues among four diverse cucurbit species, including pumpkin and squash (Cucurbita moschata Duch. Ex Poir. and Cucurbita pepo L.), bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.), and Luffa (Loofah) (Luffa acutangula Roxb.). Expression analysis revealed differential regulation of various miRNAs in leaf, stem, and fruit tissues. Importantly, differences in the expression levels were also found in the leaves and fruits of closely related C. moschata and C. pepo. Comparative miRNA profiling and expression analysis in four cucurbits led to identification of conserved miRNAs in cucurbits. Predicted targets for two of the conserved miRNAs suggested miRNAs are involved in regulating similar biological mechanisms in various species of cucurbits. C1 [Manohar, Sumanth; Nimmakayala, Padma; Tomason, Yan; Almeida, Aldo; Reddy, Umesh K.] West Virginia State Univ, Gus R Douglass Inst, Dept Biol, Institute, WV 25112 USA. [Jagadeeswaran, Guru; Sunkar, Ramanjulu] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Levi, Amnon] USDA ARS, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [Tomason, Yan] Dnipropetrovsk State Agrarian Univ, UA-49600 Dnepropetrovsk, Ukraine. RP Reddy, UK (reprint author), West Virginia State Univ, Gus R Douglass Inst, Dept Biol, Institute, WV 25112 USA. EM ureddy@wvstateu.edu RI Sunkar, Ramanjulu/L-2982-2014 FU NSF-EPSCOR [1003907]; Gus R. Douglass Institute; USDA-NIFA Research [2010-38821-21476] FX The authors are grateful to Dr. Jarret, Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Unit, USDA-ARS, Griffin, GA, 30223 for providing the seeds of germplasm accessions. Funding support is provided by NSF-EPSCOR no. 1003907, Gus R. Douglass Institute, and USDA-NIFA Research (2010-38821-21476). NR 49 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 47 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0735-9640 J9 PLANT MOL BIOL REP JI Plant Mol. Biol. Rep. PD APR PY 2013 VL 31 IS 2 BP 335 EP 343 DI 10.1007/s11105-012-0506-7 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 097RV UT WOS:000315492100010 ER PT J AU Ziska, L AF Ziska, L. TI Observed changes in soyabean growth and seed yield from Abutilon theophrasti competition as a function of carbon dioxide concentration SO WEED RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE competition; CO 2; seed yield; Glycine max; velvetleaf; climate change ID CO2 ENRICHMENT; GLYCINE-MAX; WEEDS; CLIMATE; CROP AB Soyabean (Glycine max) was grown at ambient and projected levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide (+250molmol1 above ambient) over two field seasons with and without the presence of a weed, Abutilon theophrasti, to quantify the potential effect of rising atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration on weedcrop interactions and potential yield loss in soyabean. Under weed-free conditions, elevated CO2 resulted in stimulations in soyabean seed yield and associated components, including pod number. At an approximate density of 6 plants m2, A.theophrasti competition resulted in a significant reduction (40%) in soyabean seed yield. Although differences in seed yield reduction by A.theophrasti were observed as a function of year, the relative decrease in seed yield with A.theophrasti biomass did not differ in response to CO2. Although careful weed management will be necessary if CO2-induced increases in seed yield for soyabean are to be achieved, these data suggest that soyabean seed yield may be more resilient in competition with A.theophrasti as a function of rising atmospheric levels of carbon dioxide. C1 ARS, USDA, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Ziska, L (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM l.ziska@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 39 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0043-1737 J9 WEED RES JI Weed Res. PD APR PY 2013 VL 53 IS 2 BP 140 EP 145 DI 10.1111/wre.12005 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 100YN UT WOS:000315741600006 ER PT J AU Zhu, CW Ziska, LH Sakai, H Zhu, JG Hasegawa, T AF Zhu, Chunwu Ziska, Lewis H. Sakai, Hidemitsu Zhu, Jianguo Hasegawa, Toshihiro TI Vulnerability of lodging risk to elevated CO2 and increased soil temperature differs between rice cultivars SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF AGRONOMY LA English DT Article DE Carbon dioxide; Climate; Lodging; Rice ID ENRICHMENT FACE; GENOTYPIC VARIATION; FIELD CONDITIONS; YIELD FORMATION; GROWTH; WHEAT; L. AB Anthropogenic increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration [CO2], and subsequent increases in surface temperatures, are likely to impact the growth and yield of cereal crops. One potential means for yield reduction is for climate parameters to increase the occurrence of lodging. Using an in situ free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) system, two morphologically distinct rice cultivars, KH (Koshihikari) and SY (Shan you 63), were grown at two [CO2]s (ambient and ambient + 200 mu mol mol(-1)) and two soil temperatures (ambient and ambient +/- 1.8 degrees C) over a two year period to assess and quantify lodging risk. Elevated [CO2] per se had no effect on lodging resistance for either cultivar. However, elevated [CO2] and higher soil temperature increased the lodging risk for SY, due to a relatively higher increase in plant biomass and height at the elevated, relative to the ambient [CO2] condition. Elevated soil temperature per se also increased lodging risk for both cultivars and was associated with longer internodes in the lower portion of the tillers. These findings illustrate that lodging susceptibility in rice, an important cereal crop, can be increased by rising [CO2] and soil temperature; however, variation observed here between rice cultivars suggests there may be sufficient intraspecific variability to begin choosing rice lines that minimize the potential risk of lodging. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhu, Chunwu; Sakai, Hidemitsu; Hasegawa, Toshihiro] Natl Inst Agroenvironm Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058604, Japan. [Zhu, Chunwu; Zhu, Jianguo] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Soil Sci, State Key Lab Soil & Sustainable Agr, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China. [Ziska, Lewis H.] ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Hasegawa, T (reprint author), Natl Inst Agroenvironm Sci, 3-1-3 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058604, Japan. EM thase@affrc.go.jp FU Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [P09515] FX This work was supported by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan project, "Development of technology for mitigation and adaptation to climate change in Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries" and a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (P09515) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 64 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1161-0301 J9 EUR J AGRON JI Eur. J. Agron. PD APR PY 2013 VL 46 BP 20 EP 24 DI 10.1016/j.eja.2012.11.007 PG 5 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 094DB UT WOS:000315242100003 ER PT J AU Pimratch, S Jogloy, S Vorasoot, N Toomsan, B Kesmala, T Patanothai, A Holbrook, CC AF Pimratch, S. Jogloy, S. Vorasoot, N. Toomsan, B. Kesmala, T. Patanothai, A. Holbrook, C. C. TI Association of nitrogen fixation to water uses efficiency and yield traits of peanut SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT PRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE Arachis hypogaea L.; Biomass production; Drought conditions; Drought resistance; Pod yield ID N-2 FIXATION; DROUGHT-STRESS; GRAIN LEGUMES; SOIL-WATER; GROUNDNUT; ROOT; TRANSPIRATION; CULTIVARS; GENOTYPES; DEFICITS AB Improvement of N-2 fixation might be an effective strategy in peanut breeding for high yield under drought stress conditions. However, under water limited conditions peanut varieties having high water-use efficiency (WUE) are favorable. A pot experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions at Khon Kaen University, Thailand during December 2002 to May 2003, and repeated during June 2003 to November 2003. Twelve peanut genotypes were tested under three water regimes to estimate the relationships between N-2 fixed with biomass production, WUE and pod yield under drought stress conditions. N-2 fixed biomass production; pod yield and WUE were reduced by drought stress. At 2/3 AW, Tifton-8 and KK 60-3 were the best genotypes for high N-2 fixed and high WUE. ICGV 98324 and ICGV 98300 had high pod yield, whereas Tifton-8 had low pod yield. N-2 fixed was positively correlated with biomass and WUE under mild drought conditions but negatively correlated with pod yield. Tifton-8 was the best genotype for N-2 fixed and WUE, but it was a poor performer for pod yield under drought conditions. ICGV 98324 and ICGV 98300 had higher pod yield with lower N-2 fixed and WUE than did Tifton-8. Results indicated that N-2 fixed under drought conditions contributed to vegetative growth and water use efficiency rather than to pod yield. Improvement for high N-2 fixed in peanut could lead to high biomass production and WUE but may not necessarily improve pod yield under drought stress conditions. C1 [Pimratch, S.] Rajabhat Maha Sarakham Univ, Fac Agr Technol, Program Agr, Maha Sarakham 44000, Thailand. [Jogloy, S.; Vorasoot, N.; Toomsan, B.; Kesmala, T.; Patanothai, A.] Khon Kaen Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Plant Sci & Agr Resources, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. [Holbrook, C. C.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Jogloy, S (reprint author), Khon Kaen Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Plant Sci & Agr Resources, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. EM sanun@kku.ac.th FU Royal Golden Jubilee Ph.D Program [Ph.D/0106/2547]; Peanut and Jerusalem artichoke Improvement for Functional Food Research Group; Plant Breeding Research Centre for Sustainable Agriculture; Khon Kaen University; Faculty of Agriculture FX We are grateful for the financial support provided by the Royal Golden Jubilee Ph.D Program (Grant no. Ph.D/0106/2547), the Peanut and Jerusalem artichoke Improvement for Functional Food Research Group and Plant Breeding Research Centre for Sustainable Agriculture. Acknowledgement is extended to Khon Kaen University and the Faculty of Agriculture for providing financial support for manuscript preparation activities. NR 38 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 33 PU GORGAN UNIV AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES & NATURAL RESOURCES PI GORGAN PA GORGAN UNIV AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES & NATURAL RESOURCES, JOURNAL OFFICE, VICE-PRESIDENCY RESEARCH, GORGAN, 49138-15739, IRAN SN 1735-6814 J9 INT J PLANT PROD JI Int. J. Plant Prod. PD APR PY 2013 VL 7 IS 2 BP 225 EP 241 PG 17 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 094EO UT WOS:000315246000004 ER PT J AU Goenaga, R AF Goenaga, Ricardo TI DRY MATTER PRODUCTION AND NUTRIENT CONTENT OF LONGAN GROWN ON AN ACID ULTISOL SO EXPERIMENTAL AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article ID ALUMINUM TOLERANCE; SOIL-PH AB Little is known about the adaptability of longan (Dimocarpus longan) to acidic soils high in aluminum (Al). A two-year field study was conducted to determine the effects of various levels of soil Al on dry matter production, plant growth and nutrient content in shoots of four cultivars of longan. Soil Al and cultivars were statistically different for all variables measured in the study. Total leaf, petiole, stem and root dry weights significantly decreased at soil Al concentrations ranging from 5.1 to 12.1 cmol kg(-1) but this reduction was of a smaller magnitude in roots than in other organs. Increments in soil Al resulted in a significant reduction in the concentration of leaf Ca and a significant increase in leaf Al in all cultivars. Shoot content of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn and Al declined with increase in soil Al. The result of this study demonstrates that longan is highly susceptible to acid soils. C1 USDA ARS, Trop Agr Res Stn, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. RP Goenaga, R (reprint author), USDA ARS, Trop Agr Res Stn, 2200 PA Campos Ave,Suite 201, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. EM Ricardo.Goenaga@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 8 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0014-4797 J9 EXP AGR JI Exp. Agric. PD APR PY 2013 VL 49 IS 2 BP 225 EP 233 DI 10.1017/S0014479712001299 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 093AA UT WOS:000315162900005 ER PT J AU Bagadia, PG Polashock, J Bottner-Parker, KD Zhao, Y Davis, RE Lee, IM AF Bagadia, P. G. Polashock, J. Bottner-Parker, K. D. Zhao, Y. Davis, R. E. Lee, I-M. TI Characterization and molecular differentiation of 16SrI-E and 16SrIX-E phytoplasmas associated with blueberry stunt disease in New Jersey SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR PROBES LA English DT Article DE Blueberry stunt phytoplasma; Multiple gene-based strain differentiation; SNP; Vaccinium corymbosum; 16SrI; 16SrIX ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; PROTEIN GENE-SEQUENCES; 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; MYCOPLASMALIKE ORGANISMS; ASTER YELLOWS; CLASSIFICATION; IDENTIFICATION; DNA AB A nested PCR assay was employed to detect the presence of phytoplasmas in 127 blueberry plants exhibiting typical or a portion of blueberry stunt (BBS) syndrome collected in 2010 and 2011, from 11 commercial farms predominantly located in two counties in New Jersey, USA. Ninety plants exhibiting typical stunt syndrome tested positive for phytoplasma infection. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis indicated that two distinct phytoplasmas were associated with BBS-diseased plants. About 95% of phytoplasmas detected were very closely related to BBS phytoplasma strains BBS3-AR (subgroup 16SrI-E) and BBS1-MI (unidentified) identified previously, and 4.4% of phytoplasmas detected belonged to the pigeon pea witches'-broom phytoplasma group (16SrIX). Sequence and phylogenetic analysis of cloned 16S rDNA further indicated the subgroup 16SrI-E related phytoplasmas represented a variant of 16SrI-E reference strain BBS3-AR, while the 16SrIX related phytoplasrnas were closely related to juniper witches'-broom (JunWB) phytoplasma (16SrIX-E), representing a 16SrIX-E variant. Ribosomal protein (rp) and secY gene-based phylogenies revealed that BBS3-AR and BBS-NJ 16SrI-E strains belonged to a closely related lineage, while BBS-NJ 16SrIX-E strains and JunWB strains represented two distinct lineages. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) analyses of rp and secY gene sequences further revealed that no specific rp gene SNPs and only two specific secY gene SNPS were present between BBS-NJ 16SrI-E strains and BBS3-AR. In contrast, BBS-NJ 16SrIX-E strains/clones had 15 consensus rp SNPs and 28 consensus secY SNPs that separated them from JunWB strains/clones. For the first time, two distinct phytoplasmas that cause BBS-disease in the U.S. was revealed. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Bagadia, P. G.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Polashock, J.] USDA ARS, GIFVI, Chatsworth, NJ 08019 USA. [Bottner-Parker, K. D.; Zhao, Y.; Davis, R. E.; Lee, I-M.] USDA ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Lee, IM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 004,Rm 219, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM ingming.lee@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 24 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0890-8508 J9 MOL CELL PROBE JI Mol. Cell. Probes PD APR PY 2013 VL 27 IS 2 BP 90 EP 97 DI 10.1016/j.mcp.2012.11.002 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology GA 084RK UT WOS:000314556600004 PM 23195601 ER PT J AU Jadeja, R Hung, YC Bosilevac, JM AF Jadeja, Ravirajsinh Hung, Yen-Con Bosilevac, Joseph M. TI Resistance of various shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli to electrolyzed oxidizing water SO FOOD CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Shiga toxin-producing E. coli; EO water; Minimum inhibitory concentration ID CHEMICALLY-MODIFIED WATER; SALMONELLA-ENTERITIDIS; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; CHLORINATED WATER; ACID RESISTANCE; UNITED-STATES; EFFICACY; REDUCTION; PATHOGENS; O157H7 AB The resistance of thirty two strains of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and six major serotypes of non-O157 shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) plus E. coli O104:H4 was tested against electrolyzed oxidizing (EO) water using two different methods; modified AOAC 955.16 sequential inoculation method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). In sequential inoculation method efficacy of sodium hypochlorite was also compared with equal free chlorine (45 mg/L) containing EO water. MIC experiments were conducted for 15 s testing period with free chlorine concentrations of 3.00, 2.50, 2.00,1.50,1.00, 0.50 and 0.25 mg/L. The individual strain resistance when tested using the sequential inoculation method was in between 5 and 10 positive tubes, where greater numbers of positive tubes indicate increased resistance of the respective strain to the particular sanitizer. The MICof individual strains ranged from 0.50 to 1.50 mg/L free chlorine of EO water. In comparison to sodium hypochlorite at same free chlorine concentration EO water was more effective against all STEC cocktails tested. The resistance of STEC cocktails using sequential inoculation method was determined as E. coli O157 >= O103 >= O26 >= 0111 >= O121 >= 045 > O145. The similar pattern of resistance was observed when cocktails were subjected to MIC. The results indicate that different strains of same serotype can differ in their resistance toward an intervention. In addition, EO water treatment that reduces E. coli O157:H7 can equally if not more effectively reduce other non-O157 STEC tested. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Jadeja, Ravirajsinh; Hung, Yen-Con] Univ Georgia, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. [Bosilevac, Joseph M.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE USA. RP Hung, YC (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Food Sci & Technol, 1109 Expt St, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. EM yhung@uga.edu RI Jadeja, Ravirajsinh/Q-9705-2016 FU State and Hatch funds; Agriculture and Food Research initiative Grant from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Food Safety: Food Processing Technologies to Destroy Food-borne Pathogens Program [2011-68003-30012, A4131] FX Funding for this study was provided by State and Hatch funds allocated to the University of Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station, Griffin Campus and an Agriculture and Food Research initiative Grant no. 2011-68003-30012 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Food Safety: Food Processing Technologies to Destroy Food-borne Pathogens Program- (A4131). We would like to thank Dr. Larry R. Beuchat and Mr. Jerry Davis for their valuable suggestions. NR 33 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 48 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0956-7135 EI 1873-7129 J9 FOOD CONTROL JI Food Control PD APR PY 2013 VL 30 IS 2 BP 580 EP 584 DI 10.1016/j.foodcont.2012.07.027 PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 070TZ UT WOS:000313535500036 ER PT J AU Kou, LP Luo, YG Yang, TB Xiao, ZL Turner, ER Lester, GE Wang, Q Camp, MJ AF Kou, Liping Luo, Yaguang Yang, Tianbao Xiao, Zhenlei Turner, Ellen R. Lester, Gene E. Wang, Qin Camp, Mary J. TI Postharvest biology, quality and shelf life of buckwheat microgreens SO LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Buckwheat microgreens; Temperature; Modified atmosphere packaging; Quality; Gas composition ID BABY SPINACH; VEGETABLES; PHYSIOLOGY; PRODUCTS; LETTUCE; LEAVES; FRUITS; OXYGEN; FILM AB Buckwheat microgreens have short shelf life which limits their commercial use. The effects of storage temperature, modified atmosphere packaging (MAP), and wash conditions on quality and shelf life of buckwheat microgreens were assessed. Temperature significantly (P < 0.0001) affected package atmospheres and product quality. At the end of storage, microgreens stored at 1, 5 and 10 degrees C had smaller microbial populations and less tissue electrolyte leakage than those stored at 15, and 20 degrees C. Package film oxygen transmission rate (OTR) significantly (P < 0.05) affected package atmospheres. However, differences in quality and shelf life of microgreens packaged in different OTR films were slight and not evident until day 21 of storage. On day 21, buckwheat microgreens packaged in 16.6 pmol/(m(2) s Pa) oxygen transmission rate package films were observed to have the freshest appearance with lowest tissue electrolyte leakage. Chlorine (100 mg/L) wash significantly (P < 0.05) reduced microbial populations, initially; however, after 7 days of storage, all washed microgreens experienced accelerated microbial populations. Our findings suggest that buckwheat microgreens should be stored at 5 degrees C with moderately high O-2 (14.0-16.5 kPa) and moderately low CO2 (1.0-1.5 kPa) content to maintain optimal quality and maximal shelf life. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Kou, Liping] NW A&F Univ, Coll Food Sci & Engn, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Kou, Liping; Luo, Yaguang; Yang, Tianbao; Xiao, Zhenlei; Turner, Ellen R.; Lester, Gene E.] USDA ARS, Food Qual Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Xiao, Zhenlei; Wang, Qin] Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Camp, Mary J.] USDA ARS, Biometr Consulting Serv, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Luo, YG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Food Qual Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Yaguang.Luo@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS [1245-43440-004-00D] FX The authors wish to thank Ernie Paroczay for assistance in planting buckwheat microgreens. Use of a company or product name by the U.S. Department of Agriculture does not imply approval or recommendation of the product to the exclusion of others that may also be suitable. This research was funded by USDA-ARS project no. 1245-43440-004-00D. NR 16 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 57 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0023-6438 EI 1096-1127 J9 LWT-FOOD SCI TECHNOL JI LWT-Food Sci. Technol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 51 IS 1 BP 73 EP 78 DI 10.1016/j.lwt.2012.11.017 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 073WK UT WOS:000313773600011 ER PT J AU Hunt, ER Doraiswamy, PC McMurtrey, JE Daughtry, CST Perry, EM Akhmedov, B AF Hunt, E. Raymond, Jr. Doraiswamy, Paul C. McMurtrey, James E. Daughtry, Craig S. T. Perry, Eileen M. Akhmedov, Bakhyt TI A visible band index for remote sensing leaf chlorophyll content at the canopy scale SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION LA English DT Article DE Spectral indices; Triangular greenness index (TGI); Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS); PROSPECT; SAIL; Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM); Nitrogen fertilization; Zea mays ID ADJUSTED VEGETATION INDEX; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES MODEL; PRECISION AGRICULTURE; NITROGEN MANAGEMENT; AERIAL-PHOTOGRAPHY; HYPERSPECTRAL DATA; CROP MANAGEMENT; DIGITAL CAMERA; NARROW-BAND; AREA INDEX AB Leaf chlorophyll content is an important variable for agricultural remote sensing because of its close relationship to leaf nitrogen content. The triangular greenness index (TGI) was developed based on the area of a triangle surrounding the spectral features of chlorophyll with points at (670 nm, R-670), (550 nm, R-550), and (480 nm, R-480), where R-lambda is the spectral reflectance at wavelengths of 670, 550 and 480, respectively. The equation is TGI = -0.5[(670 - 480)(R-570 - R-550) (670 - 550)(R-670 - R-480)]. In 1999, investigators funded by NASA's Earth Observations Commercialization and Applications Program collaborated on a nitrogen fertilization experiment with irrigated maize in Nebraska. Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) data and Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) data were acquired along with leaf chlorophyll meter and other data on three dates in July during late vegetative growth and early reproductive growth. TGI was consistently correlated with plot-averaged chlorophyll-meter values at the spectral resolutions of AVIRIS, Landsat TM, and digital cameras. Simulations using the Scattering by Arbitrarily Inclined Leaves (SAIL) canopy model indicate an interaction among TGI, leaf area index (LAI) and soil type at low crop LAI, whereas at high LAI and canopy closure, TGI was only affected by leaf chlorophyll content. Therefore, TGI may be the best spectral index to detect crop nitrogen requirements with low-cost digital cameras mounted on low-altitude airborne platforms. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Hunt, E. Raymond, Jr.; Doraiswamy, Paul C.; McMurtrey, James E.; Daughtry, Craig S. T.; Akhmedov, Bakhyt] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Perry, Eileen M.] Future Farming Syst Res, Dept Primary Ind, Horsham, Vic 3401, Australia. RP Hunt, ER (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Raymond.Hunt@ars.usda.gov FU NASA Earth Observations Commercialization and Applications Program (EOCAP) FX We thank the original group of investigators, the support from the NASA Earth Observations Commercialization and Applications Program (EOCAP) to these investigators, and the many people who planned and conducted this experiment. We are especially grateful to Dr. James Schepers, USDA-ARS ( retired), Lincoln, NE, who led the field measurements team. NR 72 TC 43 Z9 49 U1 4 U2 133 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0303-2434 J9 INT J APPL EARTH OBS JI Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs. Geoinf. PD APR PY 2013 VL 21 BP 103 EP 112 DI 10.1016/j.jag.2012.07.020 PG 10 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA 065IX UT WOS:000313143100010 ER PT J AU Cammalleri, C Ciraolo, G AF Cammalleri, C. Ciraolo, G. TI A simple method to directly retrieve reference evapotranspiration from geostationary satellite images SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION LA English DT Article DE Reference evapotranspiration; MSG geostationary satellite; Mediterranean environment ID CROP EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; EVAPORATION; RADIATION; REGION AB Application of FAO-56 methodology for the assessment of reference evapotranspiration, ET0, is challenging in areas of the world with sparse meteorological network stations. For this reason alternative procedures using remotely observed data have been proposed in the literature. In this work, a simplified version of the Makkink approach [J. Inst. Wat. Eng. 11: 277-288, 1957] was tested in a typical Mediterranean environment (Sicily, Italy). The implemented Makkink approach (MAK) uses remotely estimated solar radiation derived from Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) satellite data and in situ observations of air temperature to assess ET0 at daily time scale. Alternatively, taking advantage of well-defined relationships that exist between seasonality, elevation and air temperature, a deterministic procedure for estimating air temperature inputs used in the MAK approach (named RS) was also tested. This approach allows the assessment of daily ET0 without the need of auxiliary air temperature ground observations. A comparison between the FAO-56 and MAK approaches was performed for 45 sites in Sicily over the period 2007-2010. Assuming FAO-56 as the benchmark, the average accuracy of the MAK methodology was 0.4 mm d(-1), with a relative error of 12%. Similar to other applications of the same procedure, the MAK approach showed a slightly underestimation of ET0 high values; however, an average regression slope of 0.96 (and negligible intercept) suggests a satisfactory agreement with the FAO-56 modeled values. Air temperature observations acquired during 2002-2006 were used to calibrate the deterministic relation between air temperature, seasonality (as a function of the DOY) and orography (as a function of elevation). For the period 2007-2010, the RS approach performs similarly to MAK, with an average difference of less than 0.05 mm d(-1). Analysis of monthly, seasonal and yearly ET0 maps shows a slight decrease in RS performance during June and July; nevertheless, the differences between MAK and RS approaches are negligible at all analyzed temporal scales. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Cammalleri, C.; Ciraolo, G.] Univ Palermo, Dept Civil Environm Aerosp Mat Engn DICAM, I-90133 Palermo, Italy. RP Cammalleri, C (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM carmelo.cammalleri@ars.usda.gov OI Ciraolo, Giuseppe/0000-0001-6627-0175 NR 28 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 36 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0303-2434 J9 INT J APPL EARTH OBS JI Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs. Geoinf. PD APR PY 2013 VL 21 BP 149 EP 158 DI 10.1016/j.jag.2012.08.008 PG 10 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA 065IX UT WOS:000313143100014 ER PT J AU Cammalleri, C Rallo, G Agnese, C Ciraolo, G Minacapilli, M Provenzano, G AF Cammalleri, C. Rallo, G. Agnese, C. Ciraolo, G. Minacapilli, M. Provenzano, G. TI Combined use of eddy covariance and sap flow techniques for partition of ET fluxes and water stress assessment in an irrigated olive orchard SO AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Eddy covariance; Sap flow; Flux partition; Water stress; Olive ID BALANCE MODEL; LEAF-AREA; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; SOIL; ENERGY; COMPONENTS; GRASSLAND; ECOSYSTEM; CROP AB Correct estimation of crop actual transpiration plays a key-role in precision irrigation scheduling, since crop growth and yield are associated to the water passing through the crop. Objective of the work was to assess how the combined use of micro-meteorological techniques (eddy covariance, EC) and physiological measurements (sap flow, SF) allows a better comprehension of the processes involving in the Soil-Plant-Atmosphere continuum. To this aim, an experimental dataset of actual evapotranspiration, plant transpiration, and soil water content measurements was collected in an olive orchard during the midseason phenological period of 2009 and 2010. It was demonstrated that the joint use of EC and SF techniques is effective to evaluate the components of actual evapotranspiration in an olive orchard characterized by sparse vegetation and a significant fraction of exposed bare soil. The availability of simultaneous soil water content measurements allowed to estimate the crop coefficients and to assess a simple crop water stress index, depending on actual transpiration that can be evaluated even in the absence of direct measurements of actual transpiration. The crop coefficients experimentally determined resulted very similar to those previously evaluated; in particular, in the absence of water stress, a seasonal average value of about 0.65 was obtained for the "single" crop coefficient, whereas values of a 0.34 and 0.41 were observed under limited water availability in the root zone. The comparison between the values of crop water stress index evaluated during the investigated periods evidenced systematically lower values (less crop water stress) in the first year compared to the second, according to the general trend of soil waters content in the root zone. Further researches are however necessary to extent the experimental dataset to periods characterized by values of soil evaporation higher than those observed, in order to verify the crop coefficients even under different conditions than those investigated. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Cammalleri, C.] ARS, USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Rallo, G.; Agnese, C.; Minacapilli, M.; Provenzano, G.] Univ Palermo, Dept Agroenvironm Syst SAGA, I-90128 Palermo, Italy. [Ciraolo, G.] Univ Palermo, Dept Civil Environm & Aerosp Engn DICA, I-90128 Palermo, Italy. RP Rallo, G (reprint author), Univ Palermo, Dept Agroenvironm Syst SAGA, Viale Sci Ed 4, I-90128 Palermo, Italy. EM rallo.giovanni@gmail.com RI Rallo, Giovanni/D-2358-2013; OI Rallo, Giovanni/0000-0002-8405-8618; Minacapilli, Mario/0000-0001-7125-5754; Ciraolo, Giuseppe/0000-0001-6627-0175; Provenzano, Giuseppe/0000-0001-8032-4571 FU DIFA project of the Sicilian Regional Government; PRIN; Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Universita e della Ricerca (MIUR); Universita degli Studi di Palermo FX The authors wish to thank the farm "Tenuta Rocchetta - by Angela Consiglio" for kindly hosting the experimental setup. The research was funded by the DIFA project of the Sicilian Regional Government and PRIN 2008 (Provenzano) co-financed by Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Universita e della Ricerca (MIUR) and by Universita degli Studi di Palermo. NR 38 TC 31 Z9 36 U1 2 U2 67 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3774 EI 1873-2283 J9 AGR WATER MANAGE JI Agric. Water Manage. PD MAR 31 PY 2013 VL 120 SI SI BP 89 EP 97 DI 10.1016/j.agwat.2012.10.003 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Water Resources GA 124EN UT WOS:000317446700012 ER PT J AU El Behairy, AM Choudhary, S Ferreira, LR Kwok, OCH Hilali, M Su, C Dubey, JP AF El Behairy, A. M. Choudhary, S. Ferreira, L. R. Kwok, O. C. H. Hilali, M. Su, C. Dubey, J. P. TI Genetic characterization of viable Toxoplasma gondii isolates from stray dogs from Giza, Egypt SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Toxoplasma gondii; Dog (Canis familiaris); Egypt; Prevalence; Genotype ID HIGH PREVALENCE; CONGENITAL TOXOPLASMOSIS; CLONAL LINEAGES; NORTH-AMERICA; CATS; OOCYSTS; IDENTIFICATION; TRANSMISSION; DIVERSITY; GENOTYPES AB Stray dogs are considered as sentinels in the epidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii because they are carnivores and eat variety of foods, including garbage. In the present study, tissues and sera of 51 stray dogs (Cools familiaris) from Giza, Egypt were examined for T. gondii infection. Sera were examined for antibodies to T. gondii by the modified agglutination test (MAT); 50 of 51 (98%) were seropositive with titers of 20 in four, 40 in four, 80 in one, 100 in eight, 200 in 17, 400 in 11, 800 or higher in five. Hearts of 43 seropositive dogs were bioassayed in mice. Viable T. gondii was isolated from 22 dogs; these isolates were designated TgDogEg1 to TgDogEg22. DNA isolated from cell culture derived tachyzoites of 22 isolates was genotyped using 10 PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism markers (SAG1, SAG2, SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, c22-8, c29-2, 1358, PK1, and Apico). The results revealed three genotypes and one mixed infection. The three genotypes are ToxoDB PCR-RFLP #2 (type III, four isolates), #3 (type II variant, 11 isolates), #20 (six isolates), 1 mixed infection. These results revealed the dominance of clonal type II, III and ToxoDB #20 lineages of T. gondii in stray dogs from Giza, Egypt. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [El Behairy, A. M.; Hilali, M.] Cairo Univ, Fac Vet Med, Dept Parasitol, Giza, Egypt. [Choudhary, S.; Ferreira, L. R.; Kwok, O. C. H.; Dubey, J. P.] USDA, ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Su, C.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Microbiol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Bldg 1001, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov RI Su, Chunlei/M-1892-2013; Hilali, Mosaad/O-9443-2016; OI Su, Chunlei/0000-0001-8392-7108; A. Hilali, Mosaad/0000-0002-9930-8501 NR 34 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 EI 1873-2550 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD MAR 31 PY 2013 VL 193 IS 1-3 BP 25 EP 29 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.12.007 PG 5 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 113DG UT WOS:000316646100004 PM 23333072 ER PT J AU Burke, JM Miller, JE Terrill, TH Orlik, ST Acharya, M Garza, JJ Mosjidis, JA AF Burke, J. M. Miller, J. E. Terrill, T. H. Orlik, S. T. Acharya, M. Garza, J. J. Mosjidis, J. A. TI Sericea lespdeza as an aid in the control of Emeria spp. in lambs SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Coccidia; Condensed tannins; Lambs; Sericea lespedeza ID PISTACIA-LENTISCUS FOLIAGE; HAEMONCHUS-CONTORTUS; LESPEDEZA HAY; GASTROINTESTINAL NEMATODES; NATURAL DEWORMER; GOATS; EFFICACY; EIMERIA; INFECTIONS; COCCIDIOSIS AB The objective was to examine the effects of feeding sericea lespedeza leaf meal (SL) on control of coccidiosis in lambs. In Exp. 1, naturally infected lambs (n = 76) were weaned (102.7 +/- 1.4d of age) in May (spring) and randomly assigned in a 2 x 2 factorial design to receive 2% of BW/d of alfalfa pellets (control) or SL with or without amprolium added to drinking water (n = 38/level or 19/treatment). Fecal oocyst counts (FOC), egg counts (FEC), and fecal score (1 = solid pellets; 5 = slurry) were determined every 7 d between weaning and 21 d post-weaning. In Exp. 2, twin rearing ewes were randomly assigned to two groups, and their naturally infected lambs were fed a control creep supplement (16% CP; n = 40) or SL pellets (14% CP; n = 32) 30 d before weaning. Intake of SL was initially low (100 g/lamb daily) and increased to 454 g/lamb daily after weaning. Lambs were weaned at 103.6 +/- 0.9 d of age and moved to semi-confinement. The FEC, FOC, packed cell volume (PCV), fecal score, and dag score (soiling around rear of lamb; 1 = no soiling; 5 = heavy soiling) were determined at d -14, 0 (weaning), 7, 14, and 21. In Exp. 3, lambs were randomly assigned to a control or SL diet (n = 12/diet) fed at 1.4 kg/d for 22 d and inoculated with 50,000 sporulated oocysts on d 8, 11, and 13. The FEC, FOC, and fecal score were determined every 2 to 3d between d1 and 29 (d 0 = first day of dietary treatment). Data on all experiments were analyzed using mixed models. The FOC and FEC data were log transformed. Chi squared analysis was used to determine differences in incidence of treatment (sulfadimethoxine) for coccidiosis in Exp. 1 and 2. In Exp. 1, FOC and FEC were similar between dietary groups, and FOC declined more rapidly in amprolium treated lambs following weaning (P<0.001). Fecal score was higher in the control compared with the SL fed lambs (P = 0.05), suggesting more signs of coccidiosis in control lambs. In Exp. 2, FOC was similar initially but was reduced in SL fed lambs by weaning and remained lower thereafter (P = 0.004). Dag (P = 0.01) and fecal (P = 0.001) scores were similar before weaning, but lower in SL fed lambs by weaning and remained lower thereafter. No SL lambs required treatment for coccidiosis, whereas 33% of control lambs required treatment (P<0.001). Fecal egg counts were similar before weaning but were reduced in SL compared with control fed lambs after weaning (P<0.001). In Exp. 3, FOC (P<0.001) and FEC (P<0.001) were reduced in SL compared with control fed lambs. Sericea lespedeza was effective in the prevention and control of coccidiosis as well as in reducing GIN infection. Use of SL could reduce lamb loss post-weaning, reduce the need to treat for coccidiosis, and create a significant economic benefit to livestock producers. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Burke, J. M.] ARS, USDA, Booneville, AR 72927 USA. [Miller, J. E.; Orlik, S. T.; Garza, J. J.] Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Terrill, T. H.] Ft Valley State Univ, Ft Valley, GA 31030 USA. [Acharya, M.] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72901 USA. [Mosjidis, J. A.] Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Burke, JM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Booneville, AR 72927 USA. EM joan.burke@ars.usda.gov FU USDA NIFA Small Business Innovative Research program [2011-33610-30836]; USDA NIFA Organic Research and Education Initiative [2010-51300-21641] FX This research was supported by USDA NIFA Small Business Innovative Research program (Project No. 2011-33610-30836) and USDA NIFA Organic Research and Education Initiative (Project No. 2010-51300-21641). Research could not have been completed without assistance from J. Cherry, E. Smyth, C. Lee, C. Cox, and R. Duncan. Appreciation is extended to J. Muir, Texas Agrilife, Stephenville, TX for analysis of condensed tannins in sericea lespedeza pellets. NR 29 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 EI 1873-2550 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD MAR 31 PY 2013 VL 193 IS 1-3 BP 39 EP 46 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.11.046 PG 8 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 113DG UT WOS:000316646100006 PM 23286994 ER PT J AU Chaimanee, V Pettis, JS Chen, YP Evans, JD Khongphinitbunjong, K Chantawannakul, P AF Chaimanee, Veeranan Pettis, Jeffery S. Chen, Yanping Evans, Jay D. Khongphinitbunjong, Kitiphong Chantawannakul, Panuwan TI Susceptibility of four different honey bee species to Nosema ceranae SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Susceptibility; Nosema ceranae; Apis mellifera; Asian honey bees; Antimicrobial peptides; Immune gene expression ID APIS-MELLIFERA; IMMUNITY; INFECTION; PEPTIDE; PARASITE; PATHOGEN AB In this study, we investigated the infectivity of Nosema ceranae and the immune response of the European honey bee, Apis mellifera and the Asian honey bee species, Apis cerana, Apis dorsata and Apis florea when inoculated with two isolates of N. ceranae isolated from different climates (Canada and Thailand), using cage experiments. The results indicated that the local isolate of N. ceranae (Thailand) had high infectivity in A. mellifera, A. cerana and A. dorsata but only a few spores were observed in A. florea. However, we found that only two honey bee species, A. mellifera and A. dorsata became infected when inoculated with N. ceranae isolated from Canada. Finally, our results showed that transcript levels of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in Asian honey bees were significantly higher than that of A. mellifera in both the control and N. ceranae inoculated bee groups. Comparing the expression of AMPs between the control and inoculated bees in each species, it was evident that N. ceranae inoculations did not affect the expression level of abaecin in all four honey bees species investigated in this experiment. Nevertheless, we found a significant up-regulation of apidaecin in A. cerana and A. florea when inoculated with N. ceranae (Canadian isolate). Also, the mRNA levels of hymenoptaecin were significantly increased in A. cerana after inoculation by N. ceranae isolated from Canada as compared with the Thai isolate. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Chaimanee, Veeranan; Khongphinitbunjong, Kitiphong; Chantawannakul, Panuwan] Chiang Mai Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Biol, Bee Protect Ctr, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. [Pettis, Jeffery S.; Chen, Yanping; Evans, Jay D.] USDA ARS, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Chantawannakul, Panuwan] Chiang Mai Univ, Fac Sci, Mat Sci Res Ctr, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. RP Chantawannakul, P (reprint author), Chiang Mai Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Biol, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. EM panuwan@gmail.com RI Evans, Jay/C-8408-2012 OI Evans, Jay/0000-0002-0036-4651 FU Office of the Higher Education Commission, Thailand; Thailand Research Fund [BRG 5580013]; National Research University; USDA-ARS Bee Research Laboratory FX V.C. was supported by a grant under the program of Strategic Scholarships for Frontier Research Network for the Joint Ph.D. Program Thai Doctoral degree from the Office of the Higher Education Commission, Thailand. We thank the Thailand Research Fund (BRG 5580013), National Research University and the USDA-ARS Bee Research Laboratory for financial support. K.K. acknowledges the Royal Golden Jubilee Ph.D. program. We are grateful to Dr. Steve Pernal for providing N. ceranae spores from Canada. We thank Dr. Michael Burgett for very useful comments on the manuscript. NR 26 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 51 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 EI 1873-2550 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD MAR 31 PY 2013 VL 193 IS 1-3 BP 260 EP 265 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.12.004 PG 6 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 113DG UT WOS:000316646100036 PM 23290277 ER PT J AU Lopes, AP Dubey, JP Neto, F Rodrigues, A Martins, T Rodrigues, M Cardoso, L AF Lopes, Ana Patricia Dubey, J. P. Neto, Francisco Rodrigues, Alcina Martins, Tania Rodrigues, Manuela Cardoso, Luis TI Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in cattle, sheep, goats and pigs from the North of Portugal for human consumption SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cattle; Goats; Pigs; Seroprevalence; Sheep; Toxoplasma gondii ID NORTHEASTERN PORTUGAL; AGGLUTINATION-TEST; HIGH PREVALENCE; UNITED-STATES; SPECIFICITY; SENSITIVITY; ANTIBODIES; GENOTYPES; OOCYSTS; LAMBS AB Prevalence of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii and risk factors associated with infection were assessed in food animals from the North of Portugal for human consumption. Antibodies were assayed by means of the modified agglutination test with a cut-off titre of 100 for cattle, and 20 for sheep, goats, and pigs; 7.5% of 161 cattle, 33.6% of 119 sheep, 18.5% of 184 goats, and 9.8% of 254 pigs were seropositive. Among the risk factors examined animal age was an important risk factor for seropositivity to T. gondii. The consumption of raw or undercooked meat should be regarded as an important source of infection to people in the study area. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Lopes, Ana Patricia; Neto, Francisco; Rodrigues, Manuela; Cardoso, Luis] Univ Tras os Montes & Alto Douro, Sch Agr & Vet Sci, Dept Vet Sci, P-5001801 Vila Real, Portugal. [Lopes, Ana Patricia; Rodrigues, Manuela] Univ Tras os Montes & Alto Douro, Ctr Vet & Anim Sci, P-5001801 Vila Real, Portugal. [Dubey, J. P.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Cardoso, Luis] Univ Porto, Inst Biol Mol & Celular, Parasite Dis Grp, Oporto, Portugal. RP Lopes, AP (reprint author), Univ Tras os Montes & Alto Douro, Escola Ciencias Agr & Vet, Dept Ciencias Vet, Apartado 1013, P-5001801 Vila Real, Portugal. EM aplopes@utad.pt RI Cardoso, Luis/J-8310-2013; Lopes, Ana Patricia/K-4671-2013; OI Cardoso, Luis/0000-0002-6145-7560; Lopes, Ana Patricia/0000-0002-8182-5674 FU Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) [SFRH/BD/44438/2008]; European Social Fund FX A.P. Lopes was sponsored by scholarship SFRH/BD/44438/2008, from the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) and the European Social Fund. NR 31 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 EI 1873-2550 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD MAR 31 PY 2013 VL 193 IS 1-3 BP 266 EP 269 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.12.001 PG 4 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 113DG UT WOS:000316646100037 PM 23290614 ER PT J AU Han, YX Boateng, AA Qi, PX Lima, IM Chang, JM AF Han, Yanxue Boateng, Akwasi A. Qi, Phoebe X. Lima, Isabel M. Chang, Jianmin TI Heavy metal and phenol adsorptive properties of biochars from pyrolyzed switchgrass and woody biomass in correlation with surface properties SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Biochar; Activated carbon; Heavy metal; Phenol; Adsorption; ATR-FTIR ID AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; COMPETITIVE ADSORPTION; SAWDUST ADSORPTION; ACTIVATED CARBONS; METHYL VIOLET; REMOVAL; COPPER; SORPTION; SOILS; WATER AB In this work, the surface structures of biochars, derived from three types of biomass, switchgrass (SG), hardwood (HW) and softwood (SW) through either fast pyrolysis (FP) in a fluidized-bed reactor (at 500 degrees C) or slow pyrolysis (at 500 and 700 degrees C), were studied in detail, and compared with that of the activated carbons obtained by steam activation of the slow pyrolyzed biochars (at 500 degrees C). The surface acidic functional groups were determined quantitatively by the Boehm Titration method. The adsorptive properties of heavy metals, Zn2+ and Cu2+ onto the biochars and the activated carbons were investigated by the adsorption isotherms and SEM images, and correlated with the surface properties. ATR-FTIR and GC techniques were used to analyze the adsorptive behavior of phenol onto the biochars and activated carbons, and the results demonstrated that phenol adsorption capability is directly proportional to the micropore surface area as well as the combined level of the accessible carboxylic and lactonic groups. The relative adsorption capacity with respect to the biomass precursor follows the order: SW > HW > SG. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Han, Yanxue; Chang, Jianmin] Beijing Forestry Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Technol, Beijing 10083, Peoples R China. [Han, Yanxue; Boateng, Akwasi A.; Qi, Phoebe X.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Lima, Isabel M.] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Boateng, AA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM akwasi.boateng@ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 50 Z9 54 U1 13 U2 174 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD MAR 30 PY 2013 VL 118 BP 196 EP 204 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.01.001 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 118LZ UT WOS:000317028300020 PM 23454371 ER PT J AU Kaufman, RC Herald, TJ Bean, SR Wilson, JD Tuinstra, MR AF Kaufman, Rhett C. Herald, Thomas J. Bean, Scott R. Wilson, Jeff D. Tuinstra, Mitch R. TI Variability in tannin content, chemistry and activity in a diverse group of tannin containing sorghum cultivars SO JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE sorghum; tannin; protein digestibility; kafirin ID RADICAL ABSORBENCY CAPACITY; CONDENSED TANNINS; PROTEIN DIGESTIBILITY; NUTRITIONAL-VALUE; PRECIPITATION; ASSAY; GRAIN; PROANTHOCYANIDINS; PHYTOCHEMICALS; POLYPHENOLICS AB Background Tannins are large polyphenolic polymers and are known to bind proteins, limiting their digestibility, but are also excellent antioxidants. Numerous studies investigating the functional properties of sorghum tannin have been conducted by comparing grain samples from different sorghum lines without considering the other intrinsic characteristics of the grain. The purpose of this study was to remove the confounding intrinsic factors present in the endosperm so the effect of the tannins could be evaluated utilizing a unique decortication/reconstitution procedure. Results The tannin content of the 14 cultivars tested ranged from 2.3 to 67.2 catechin equivalents. The bran fractions were studied for their impact on protein binding and antioxidant capacity. Protein digestibility by pepsin ranged from 8% to 58% at the highest tannin level addition. Protein binding ranged from 3.11 to 16.33 g blue bovine serum albumin kg1 bran. Antioxidant capacity ranged from 81.33 to 1122.54 mu mol Trolox equivalents g1 bran. High-performance size-exclusion chromatography detailed molecular size distributions of the tannin polymers and relationship to tannin functionality. conclusion The tannin content and composition play a significant role in determining tannin functionality. These differences will allow for selections of high-tannin sorghums with consideration of the biological activities of the tannins. C1 [Kaufman, Rhett C.; Herald, Thomas J.; Bean, Scott R.; Wilson, Jeff D.] ARS, USDA, CGAHR, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Tuinstra, Mitch R.] Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Herald, TJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, CGAHR, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM tom.herald@ars.usda.gov OI Bean, Scott/0000-0001-8678-8094 NR 38 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 31 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-5142 J9 J SCI FOOD AGR JI J. Sci. Food Agric. PD MAR 30 PY 2013 VL 93 IS 5 BP 1233 EP 1241 DI 10.1002/jsfa.5890 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 112XO UT WOS:000316628400037 PM 23011944 ER PT J AU Gallo, EL Brooks, PD Lohse, KA McLain, JET AF Gallo, Erika L. Brooks, Paul D. Lohse, Kathleen A. McLain, Jean E. T. TI Temporal patterns and controls on runoff magnitude and solution chemistry of urban catchments in the semiarid southwestern United States SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES LA English DT Article DE urban; runoff; semiarid; water quality; runoff ratio ID 1ST FLUSH ANALYSIS; CALCAREOUS SOILS; SONORAN DESERT; WATER-QUALITY; STORM-RUNOFF; PRECIPITATION DATA; IMPERVIOUS COVER; ORGANIC-CARBON; ARID CLIMATE; RIVER-BASIN AB Urban expansion and the scarcity of water supplies in arid and semiarid regions have increased the importance of urban runoff to localized water resources. However, urban catchment responses to precipitation are poorly understood in semiarid regions where intense rainfall often results in large runoff events during the short summer monsoon season. To evaluate how urban runoff quantity and quality respond to rainfall magnitude and timing, we collected stream stage data and runoff samples throughout the 2007 and 2008 summer monsoons from four ephemeral drainages in Tucson, Arizona. Antecedent rainfall explained 20% to 30% of discharge (mm) and runoff ratio in the least impervious (22%) catchment but was not statistically related to hydrologic responses at more impervious sites. Regression models indicated that rainfall depth, imperviousness and their combined effect control discharge and runoff ratios (p<0.01, r2=0.91 and 0.75, respectively). In contrast, runoff quality did not vary with imperviousness or catchment size. Rainfall depth and duration, time since antecedent rainfall and event and cumulative discharge controlled runoff hydrochemistry and resulted in five specific solute response patterns: (i) strong event and seasonal solute mobilization (solute flush), (ii) event chemostasis and strong seasonal flush, (iii) event chemostasis and weak seasonal flush, (iv) event and seasonal chemostasis and (v) late seasonal flush. Our results indicate that hydrologic responses of semiarid catchments are controlled by rainfall partitioning at the event scale, whereas wetting magnitude, frequency and timing alter solute stores readily available for transport and control temporal runoff quality. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Gallo, Erika L.; Brooks, Paul D.] Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Gallo, Erika L.; Lohse, Kathleen A.] Idaho State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. [Lohse, Kathleen A.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [McLain, Jean E. T.] ARS, USDA, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [McLain, Jean E. T.] Univ Arizona, Water Resources Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. RP Gallo, EL (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM elgallo@hwr.arizona.edu FU Arizona's Technology and Research Initiative Fund (TRIF); USDA-ARS Water Management and Conservation National Program [211]; Sustainability of Semi-Arid Hydrology and Riparian Areas (SAHRA) program; National Science Foundation [DEB 0918373, 1063362, EPS-0814387]; USDA Ecohydrology Fellowship; University of Arizona's Graduate College Diversity Fellowship; University of Arizona's Water Sustainability Graduate Study Fellowship FX This study was supported by the Arizona's Technology and Research Initiative Fund (TRIF), the USDA-ARS Water Management and Conservation National Program No. 211, the Sustainability of Semi-Arid Hydrology and Riparian Areas (SAHRA) program, the National Science Foundation grant nos. DEB 0918373 and 1063362 and by the following graduate fellowship support: the USDA Ecohydrology Fellowship, the University of Arizona's Graduate College Diversity Fellowship and the University of Arizona's Water Sustainability Graduate Study Fellowship. Dr Kathleen Lohse, now at Idaho State University, was supported by the National Science Foundation award no. EPS-0814387. The authors thank Dr Jennifer McIntosh, Dr Thomas Meixner and Dr David Goodrich for their technical support; Dr Craig Rasmussen for his friendly manuscript review; Margaret Snyder, Navid Dejwakh, Shane Clark, Mark Carlson, Daniel Wisheropp and Claressa Martinez for their help in collecting and processing runoff samples; and the Rainlog. org citizen scientists for their invaluable contribution of rainfall data. NR 100 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 48 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1099-1085 J9 HYDROL PROCESS JI Hydrol. Process. PD MAR 30 PY 2013 VL 27 IS 7 BP 995 EP 1010 DI 10.1002/hyp.9199 PG 16 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 112BY UT WOS:000316568000004 ER PT J AU Lee, MK Zhang, Y Zhang, MP Goebel, M Kim, HJ Triplett, BA Stelly, DM Zhang, HB AF Lee, Mi-Kyung Zhang, Yang Zhang, Meiping Goebel, Mark Kim, Hee Jin Triplett, Barbara A. Stelly, David M. Zhang, Hong-Bin TI Construction of a plant-transformation-competent BIBAC library and genome sequence analysis of polyploid Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE BIBAC library; Gossypium hirsutum; Gossypium raimondii; BIBAC end sequence (BES); Genome evolution; SSR; Polyploidization and evolution ID ARTIFICIAL CHROMOSOME LIBRARY; CELLULOSE SYNTHASE SUPERFAMILY; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT DNA; PHYSICAL MAP; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; FUNCTIONAL-ANALYSIS; BAC LIBRARIES; BINARY VECTOR; RICE; IDENTIFICATION AB Background: Cotton, one of the world's leading crops, is important to the world's textile and energy industries, and is a model species for studies of plant polyploidization, cellulose biosynthesis and cell wall biogenesis. Here, we report the construction of a plant-transformation-competent binary bacterial artificial chromosome (BIBAC) library and comparative genome sequence analysis of polyploid Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) with one of its diploid putative progenitor species, G. raimondii Ulbr. Results: We constructed the cotton BIBAC library in a vector competent for high-molecular-weight DNA transformation in different plant species through either Agrobacterium or particle bombardment. The library contains 76,800 clones with an average insert size of 135 kb, providing an approximate 99% probability of obtaining at least one positive clone from the library using a single-copy probe. The quality and utility of the library were verified by identifying BIBACs containing genes important for fiber development, fiber cellulose biosynthesis, seed fatty acid metabolism, cotton-nematode interaction, and bacterial blight resistance. In order to gain an insight into the Upland cotton genome and its relationship with G. raimondii, we sequenced nearly 10,000 BIBAC ends (BESs) randomly selected from the library, generating approximately one BES for every 250 kb along the Upland cotton genome. The retroelement Gypsy/DIRS1 family predominates in the Upland cotton genome, accounting for over 77% of all transposable elements. From the BESs, we identified 1,269 simple sequence repeats (SSRs), of which 1,006 were new, thus providing additional markers for cotton genome research. Surprisingly, comparative sequence analysis showed that Upland cotton is much more diverged from G. raimondii at the genomic sequence level than expected. There seems to be no significant difference between the relationships of the Upland cotton D- and A-subgenomes with the G. raimondii genome, even though G. raimondii contains a D genome (D-5). Conclusions: The library represents the first BIBAC library in cotton and related species, thus providing tools useful for integrative physical mapping, large-scale genome sequencing and large-scale functional analysis of the Upland cotton genome. Comparative sequence analysis provides insights into the Upland cotton genome, and a possible mechanism underlying the divergence and evolution of polyploid Upland cotton from its diploid putative progenitor species, G. raimondii. C1 [Lee, Mi-Kyung; Zhang, Yang; Zhang, Meiping; Goebel, Mark; Stelly, David M.; Zhang, Hong-Bin] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Zhang, Meiping] Jilin Agr Univ, Coll Life Sci, Changchun, Jilin, Peoples R China. [Kim, Hee Jin; Triplett, Barbara A.] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Zhang, HB (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, 2474 TAMU, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM hbz7049@tamu.edu OI Stelly, David/0000-0002-3468-4119 FU Zhang laboratory [203232-86360]; research grant of Texas AgriLife Research [124475-85360] FX This study was supported by an internal fund of Zhang laboratory (203232-86360) and the research grant of Texas AgriLife Research (124475-85360). We thank Chantel F. Scheuring for carefully reading and editing the manuscript. NR 65 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 16 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD MAR 28 PY 2013 VL 14 AR 208 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-14-208 PG 13 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 123TR UT WOS:000317414400001 PM 23537070 ER PT J AU Sarris, PF Trantas, EA Baltrus, DA Bull, CT Wechter, WP Yan, SC Ververidis, F Almeida, NF Jones, CD Dangl, JL Panopoulos, NJ Vinatzer, BA Goumas, DE AF Sarris, Panagiotis F. Trantas, Emmanouil A. Baltrus, David A. Bull, Carolee T. Wechter, William Patrick Yan, Shuangchun Ververidis, Filippos Almeida, Nalvo F. Jones, Corbin D. Dangl, Jeffery L. Panopoulos, Nickolas J. Vinatzer, Boris A. Goumas, Dimitrios E. TI Comparative Genomics of Multiple Strains of Pseudomonas cannabina pv. alisalensis, a Potential Model Pathogen of Both Monocots and Dicots SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID NEIGHBOR-JOINING METHOD; VI SECRETION SYSTEMS; BACTERIAL-BLIGHT; 1ST REPORT; III SECRETION; TOMATO DC3000; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; FUNCTIONAL SCREEN; PLANT PATHOGEN AB Comparative genomics of closely related pathogens that differ in host range can provide insights into mechanisms of host-pathogen interactions and host adaptation. Furthermore, sequencing of multiple strains with the same host range reveals information concerning pathogen diversity and the molecular basis of virulence. Here we present a comparative analysis of draft genome sequences for four strains of Pseudomonas cannabina pathovar alisalensis (Pcal), which is pathogenic on a range of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants. These draft genome sequences provide a foundation for understanding host range evolution across the monocot-dicot divide. Like other phytopathogenic pseudomonads, Pcal strains harboured a hrp/hrc gene cluster that codes for a type III secretion system. Phylogenetic analysis based on the hrp/hrc cluster genes/proteins, suggests localized recombination and functional divergence within the hrp/hrc cluster. Despite significant conservation of overall genetic content across Pcal genomes, comparison of type III effector repertoires reinforced previous molecular data suggesting the existence of two distinct lineages within this pathovar. Furthermore, all Pcal strains analyzed harbored two distinct genomic islands predicted to code for type VI secretion systems (T6SSs). While one of these systems was orthologous to known P. syringae T6SSs, the other more closely resembled a T6SS found within P. aeruginosa. In summary, our study provides a foundation to unravel Pcal adaptation to both monocot and dicot hosts and provides genetic insights into the mechanisms underlying pathogenicity. C1 [Sarris, Panagiotis F.; Trantas, Emmanouil A.; Ververidis, Filippos; Goumas, Dimitrios E.] Technol Educ Inst Crete, Sch Agr Technol, Dept Plant Sci, Iraklion, Greece. [Sarris, Panagiotis F.; Panopoulos, Nickolas J.] Univ Crete, Dept Biol, Iraklion, Greece. [Baltrus, David A.] Univ Arizona, Sch Plant Sci, Tucson, AZ USA. [Bull, Carolee T.] ARS, USDA, Salinas, CA USA. [Wechter, William Patrick] ARS, USDA, Charleston, SC USA. [Yan, Shuangchun; Vinatzer, Boris A.] Virginia Tech, Dept Plant Pathol Physiol & Weed Sci, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Almeida, Nalvo F.] Univ Fed Mato Grosso do Sul, Sch Comp, Mato Grosso, Brazil. [Jones, Corbin D.; Dangl, Jeffery L.] Univ N Carolina, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Jones, Corbin D.; Dangl, Jeffery L.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Dangl, Jeffery L.] Univ N Carolina, Carolina Ctr Genome Sci, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Panopoulos, Nickolas J.] Univ Crete, Iraklion, Greece. [Panopoulos, Nickolas J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Sarris, PF (reprint author), John Innes Ctr Plant Sci Res, Sainsbury Lab, Norwich Res Pk, Norwich NR4 7UH, Norfolk, England. EM sarrispanos@science.agrool.gr RI Almeida, Nalvo/B-5856-2012; OI Yan, Shuangchun/0000-0002-9924-283X; Almeida, Nalvo/0000-0001-5615-1746; Baltrus, David/0000-0002-5166-9551 FU National Science Foundation [IOS 0746501]; FUNDECT [TO-0096/2012, TO 0096/12]; CNPq [474814/2010-6, 305503/2010-3]; University of Arizona; National Institutes of Health (NIH) [GM082279-03, 1-R01-GM066025]; University Cancer Research Fund FX B.A.V. (Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology, and Weed Science at Virginia Tech) was supported by the National Science Foundation (award IOS 0746501). N.F.A. (School of Computing at the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul) was supported by FUNDECT TO-0096/2012, CNPq grant 474814/2010-6. D.A.B. was supported by startup funds from the University of Arizona as well as an National Institutes of Health (NIH) Ruth Kirschstein NRSA postdoctoral fellowship GM082279-03, J.L.D and C.D.J were supported by NIH grant 1-R01-GM066025 and by the University Cancer Research Fund which support to the UNC High-Throughput Sequencing Facility. NFA was funded by Fundect TO 0096/12 and CNPq 305503/2010-3. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 69 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 31 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 28 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 3 AR e59366 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0059366 PG 16 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 121RP UT WOS:000317262200019 PM 23555661 ER PT J AU Xu, YM Na, LX Ren, ZH Xu, JG Sun, CH Smith, D Meydani, SN Wu, DY AF Xu, Yanmei Na, Lixin Ren, Zhihong Xu, Jianguo Sun, Changhao Smith, Donald Meydani, Simin Nikbin Wu, Dayong TI Effect of dietary supplementation with white button mushrooms on host resistance to influenza infection and immune function in mice SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE Mushrooms; Influenza infection; Immune function; Natural killer cell activity; Cytokines; Lymphocytes ID T-CELL RESPONSES; C57BL/6 MICE; VIRUS; INNATE; TUMORS; CYTOKINES AB Previously, we showed that mice fed white button mushrooms (WBM) had enhanced immune functions known to help the body's antiviral defence. In the present study, we tested whether WBM conferred protection against viral infection. Young (4-month-old) and old (22-month-old) C57BL/6 mice were fed a diet containing 0, 2 or 10% WBM powder for 8 weeks. Mice were then infected with influenza Puerto Rico/8/34 (H1N1), and killed at day 0 (uninfected), 2, 5 or 7 post-infection. The primary outcomes of the study were viral titre and body weight. Secondary outcomes were natural killer (NK) cell activity, lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production. The results showed that WBM did not affect viral titre, nor did it prevent infection-induced weight loss. WBM supplementation was found to enhance NK cell activity in old mice and to increase interferon (IFN)-gamma production in young and old mice under naive (uninfected) conditions, but it had no such effect after infection. The lack of a mushroom supplementation effect on NK activity and concanavalin A-stimulated IFN-gamma production after infection may explain the immune system's failure to reduce viral load and weight loss in mice after influenza infection. WBM supplementation, however, did induce changes in other aspects of the immune response: it significantly increased the production of T-helper type 2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-10 in uninfected mice and pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha in infected mice. These mushroom-induced systemic changes, however, were not adequate to confer a protective effect against influenza infection. C1 [Xu, Yanmei; Na, Lixin; Ren, Zhihong; Meydani, Simin Nikbin; Wu, Dayong] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr Immunol Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Xu, Yanmei; Ren, Zhihong; Xu, Jianguo] China CDC, Natl Inst Communicable Dis Control & Prevent, State Key Lab Infect Dis Prevent & Control, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Na, Lixin; Sun, Changhao] Harbin Med Univ, Dept Nutr & Food Hyg, Coll Publ Hlth, Harbin, Peoples R China. [Smith, Donald] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Comparat Biol Unit, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Wu, DY (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr Immunol Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM dayong.wu@tufts.edu FU Mushroom Council; US Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service [58-1950-7-707] FX This study was supported by a grant from the Mushroom Council and mushroom industry funding partners, and the US Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service under contract no. 58-1950-7-707. Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the US Department of Agriculture. The authors would like to thank Stephanie Marco for her assistance in the preparation of the manuscript. The authors' contributions were as follows: D. W., S. N. M., Z. R. and Y. X. designed the research and wrote the paper; all co-authors conducted the research and/or analysed and help interpret the data; D. W. had primary responsibility for the final content. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest. NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 9 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 0007-1145 J9 BRIT J NUTR JI Br. J. Nutr. PD MAR 28 PY 2013 VL 109 IS 6 BP 1052 EP 1061 DI 10.1017/S0007114512002735 PG 10 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 107GE UT WOS:000316202300010 PM 23200185 ER PT J AU Tian, JC Wang, XP Long, LP Romeis, J Naranjo, SE Hellmich, RL Wang, P Earle, ED Shelton, AM AF Tian, Jun-Ce Wang, Xiang-Ping Long, Li-Ping Romeis, Joerg Naranjo, Steven E. Hellmich, Richard L. Wang, Ping Earle, Elizabeth D. Shelton, Anthony M. TI Bt Crops Producing Cry1Ac, Cry2Ab and Cry1F Do Not Harm the Green Lacewing, Chrysoperla rufilabris SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID TRANSGENIC INSECTICIDAL CROPS; BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS; NATURAL ENEMIES; METAANALYSIS RESPONSE; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; DIAMONDBACK MOTH; TRICHOPLUSIA-NI; CABBAGE-LOOPER; RESISTANCE; PLANTS AB The biological control function provided by natural enemies is regarded as a protection goal that should not be harmed by. he application of any new pest management tool. Plants producing Cry proteins from the bacterium, Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), have become a major tactic for controlling pest Lepidoptera on cotton and maize and risk assessment studies are needed to ensure they do not harm important natural enemies. However, using Cry protein susceptible hosts as prey often compromises such studies. To avoid this problem we utilized pest Lepidoptera, cabbage looper (Trichoplusia ni) and fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda), that were resistant to Cry1Ac produced in Bt broccoli (T. ni), Cry1Ac/Cry2Ab produced in Bt cotton (T ni), and Cry1F produced in Bt maize (S. frugiperda). Larvae of these species were fed Bt plants or non-Bt plants and then exposed to predaceous larvae of the green lacewing Chrysoperla rufilabris. Fitness parameters (larval survival, development time, fecundity and egg hatch) of C. rufilabris were assessed over two generations. There were no differences in any of the fitness parameters regardless if C. rufilabris consumed prey (71 ni or S. frugiperda) that had consumed Bt or non-plants. Additional studies confirmed that the prey contained bioactive Cry proteins when they were consumed by the predator. These studies confirm that Cry1Ac, Cry2Ab and Cry1F do not pose a hazard to the important predator C. rufilabris. This study also demonstrates the power of using resistant hosts when assessing the risk of genetically modified plants on non-target organisms. C1 [Tian, Jun-Ce; Wang, Xiang-Ping; Long, Li-Ping; Wang, Ping; Shelton, Anthony M.] Cornell Univ, New York State Agr Expt Stn, Dept Entomol, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Tian, Jun-Ce] Zhejiang Acad Agr Sci, State Key Lab Breeding Base Zhejiang Sustainable, Inst Plant Protect & Microbiol, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Wang, Xiang-Ping] Yangtze Univ, Coll Agr, Jinzhou, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Long, Li-Ping] Guangxi Acad Agr Sci, Rice Res Inst, Nanning, Guangxi, Peoples R China. [Romeis, Joerg] Agroscope Reckenholz Tanikon Res Stn ART, Zurich, Switzerland. [Naranjo, Steven E.] USDA ARS, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ USA. [Hellmich, Richard L.] Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA USA. [Hellmich, Richard L.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ames, IA USA. [Earle, Elizabeth D.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY USA. RP Shelton, AM (reprint author), Cornell Univ, New York State Agr Expt Stn, Dept Entomol, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. EM ams5@cornell.edu RI Romeis, Joerg/J-5360-2013 FU USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2010-33522-21772] FX This project was supported by the Biotechnology Risk Assessment Program Competitive Grant No. 2010-33522-21772 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. (http://www.csrees.usda.gov/) The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 36 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 47 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 27 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 3 AR e60125 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0060125 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 124QO UT WOS:000317480700085 PM 23544126 ER PT J AU Domke, GM Woodall, CW Walters, BF Smith, JE AF Domke, Grant M. Woodall, Christopher W. Walters, Brian F. Smith, James E. TI From Models to Measurements: Comparing Downed Dead Wood Carbon Stock Estimates in the US Forest Inventory SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID OLD-GROWTH FORESTS; UNITED-STATES; TREE DEATH; DEBRIS; VALIDATION; DYNAMICS; HARVEST; FIELD AB The inventory and monitoring of coarse woody debris (CWD) carbon (C) stocks is an essential component of any comprehensive National Greenhouse Gas Inventory (NGHGI) Due to the expense and difficulty associated with conducting field inventories of CWD pools, CWDC stocks are often modeled as a function of more commonly measured stand attributes such as live tree C density. In order to assess potential benefits of adopting a field-based inventory of CWD C stocks in lieu of the current model-based approach a national inventory of downed dead wood C across the U S was compared to estimates calculated from models associated with the U.S.'s NGHGI and used in the USDA Forest Service, Forest Inventory and Analysis program. The model-based population estimate of C stocks for CWD (i.e., pieces and slash piles) in the conterminous U.S. was 9 percent (145.1 Tg) greater than the field-based estimate. The relatively small absolute difference was driven by contrasting results for each CWD component. The model-based population estimate of C stocks from CWD pieces was 17 percent (230.3 Tg) greater than the field based estimate, while the model-based estimate of C stocks from CWD slash piles was 27 percent (85.2 Tg) smaller than the field-based estimate. In general, models overestimated the C density per-unit-area from slash piles early in stand development and underestimated the C density from CWD pieces in young stands. This resulted in significant differences in CWD C stocks by region and ownership. The disparity in estimates across spatial scales illustrates the complexity in estimating CWD C in a NGHGI. Based on the results of this study, it is suggested that the U.S. adopt field-based estimates of CWD C stocks as a component of its NGHGI to both reduce the uncertainty within the inventory and improve the sensitivity to potential management and climate change events. C1 [Domke, Grant M.; Woodall, Christopher W.; Walters, Brian F.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN USA. [Smith, James E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Durham, NH USA. RP Domke, GM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN USA. EM gmdomke@fs.fed.us OI Woodall, Christopher/0000-0001-8076-6214; Domke, Grant/0000-0003-0485-0355 NR 50 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 23 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 27 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 3 AR e59949 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0059949 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 124QO UT WOS:000317480700071 PM 23544112 ER PT J AU Morton, PK Schemerhorn, BJ AF Morton, Philip K. Schemerhorn, Brandon J. TI Population Structure and the Colonization Route of One of the Oldest North American Invasive Insects: Stories from the Worn Road of the Hessian Fly, Mayetiola destructor (Say) SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID MICROSATELLITE NULL ALLELES; GENE CONFERRING RESISTANCE; DIPTERA-CECIDOMYIIDAE; UNITED-STATES; COMPUTER-PROGRAM; FREQUENCY DATA; WHEAT; INTRODUCTIONS; BOTTLENECKS; VIRULENCE AB An integral part to understanding the biology of an invasive species is determining its origin, particularly in pest species. As one of the oldest known invasive species, the goals of this study were to evaluate the evidence of a westward expansion of Hessian fly into North America, from a potential singular introduction event, and the population genetic structure of current populations. Levels of genetic diversity and population structure in the Hessian fly were compared across North America Europe, North Africa, Western Asia, and New Zealand. Furthermore, Old World populations were evaluated as possible sources of introduction. We tested diversity and population structure by examining 18 microsatellite loci with coverage across all four Hessian fly chromosomes. Neither genetic diversity nor population genetic structure provided evidence of a westward movement from a single introduction in North America. Introduced populations in North America did not show identity or assignment to any Old World population, likely indicating a multiple introduction scenario with subsequent gene flow between populations. Diversity and selection were assessed on a chromosomal level, with no differences in diversity or selection between chromosomes or between native and introduced populations. C1 [Morton, Philip K.; Schemerhorn, Brandon J.] Purdue Univ, Dept Entomol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Schemerhorn, Brandon J.] USDA ARS, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Morton, PK (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Biol Stn, Kingston, OK 73019 USA. EM pmorton@ou.edu OI Schemerhorn, Brandon/0000-0003-0247-478X FU United States Department of Agriculture [USDA-ARS CRIS 3602-22000-14D] FX This work was supported by United States Department of Agriculture grant USDA-ARS CRIS 3602-22000-14D. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 57 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 31 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 27 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 3 AR e59833 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0059833 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 124QO UT WOS:000317480700063 PM 23544103 ER PT J AU Gao, BY Lu, YJ Sheng, Y Chen, P Yu, LL AF Gao, Boyan Lu, Yingjian Sheng, Yi Chen, Pei Yu, Liangli (Lucy) TI Differentiating Organic and Conventional Sage by Chromatographic and Mass Spectrometry Flow Injection Fingerprints Combined with Principal Component Analysis SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE UPLC fingerprint; flow injection; mass spectral fingerprint; principal component analysis; sage (Salvia officinalis); rosmarinic acid ID ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; RELEVANT; ROSEMARY; PLANTS AB High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and flow injection electrospray ionization with ion trap mass spectrometry (FIMS) fingerprints combined with principal component analysis (PCA) were examined for their potential in differentiating commercial organic and conventional sage samples. The individual components in the sage samples were also characterized with an ultraperformance liquid chromatograph with a quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometer (UPLC Q-OF MS). The results suggested that both HPLC and FIMS fingerprints combined with PCA could differentiate organic and conventional sage samples effectively. FIMS may serve as a quick test capable of distinguishing organic and conventional sages in 1 min and could potentially be developed for high-throughput applications, whereas HPLC fingerprints could provide more chemical composition information with a longer analytical time. C1 [Gao, Boyan; Sheng, Yi; Yu, Liangli (Lucy)] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Agr & Biol, Bor S Luh Food Safety Res Ctr, Inst Food & Nutraceut Sci, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China. [Gao, Boyan; Lu, Yingjian; Yu, Liangli (Lucy)] Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Chen, Pei] ARS, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Yu, LL (reprint author), Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Agr & Biol, Bor S Luh Food Safety Res Ctr, Inst Food & Nutraceut Sci, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China. EM liangli.yu@sjtu.edu.cn RI Gao, Boyan/N-9851-2016 FU SJTU 985-III disciplines platform and talent fund [TS0414115001, TS0320215001]; special fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest [201203069]; Agricultural Research Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture; Office of Dietary Supplements of the National Institutes of Health FX This research was partially supported by SJTU 985-III disciplines platform and talent fund (Grant TS0414115001; TS0320215001) and a special fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (Grant 201203069). This research is also supported by the Agricultural Research Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture and an Interagency Agreement with the Office of Dietary Supplements of the National Institutes of Health. NR 12 TC 8 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 44 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAR 27 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 12 BP 2957 EP 2963 DI 10.1021/jf304994z PG 7 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 118NI UT WOS:000317031800008 PM 23464755 ER PT J AU Wang, JP Vanegas, SM Du, XG Noble, T Zingg, JMA Meydani, M Meydani, SN Wu, DY AF Wang, Junpeng Vanegas, Sally M. Du, Xiaogang Noble, Timothy Zingg, Jean-Marc A. Meydani, Mohsen Meydani, Simin Nikbin Wu, Dayong TI Caloric restriction favorably impacts metabolic and immune/inflammatory profiles in obese mice but curcumin/piperine consumption adds no further benefit SO NUTRITION & METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE Obesity; Caloric restriction; Inflammation; T cells; Curcumin; Piperine ID EXPERIMENTAL AUTOIMMUNE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; ENERGY RESTRICTION; T-CELLS; CYTOKINE PRODUCTION; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; DIETARY CURCUMIN; BODY-COMPOSITION; WEIGHT-LOSS; PIPERINE AB Background: Obesity is associated with low-grade inflammation and impaired immune response. Caloric restriction (CR) has been shown to inhibit inflammatory response and enhance cell-mediated immune function. Curcumin, the bioactive phenolic component of turmeric spice, is proposed to have anti-obesity and anti-inflammation properties while piperine, another bioactive phenolic compound present in pepper spice, can enhance the bioavailability and efficacy of curcumin. This study sought to determine if curcumin could potentiate CR's beneficial effect on immune and inflammatory responses in obesity developed in mice by feeding high-fat diet (HFD). Methods: Mice were fed a HFD for 22 wk and then randomized into 5 groups: one group remained on HFD ad libitum and the remaining 4 groups were fed a 10% CR (reduced intake of HFD by 10% but maintaining the same levels of micronutrients) in the presence or absence of curcumin and/or piperine for 5 wk, after which CR was increased to 20% for an additional 33 wk. At the end of the study, mice were sacrificed, and spleen cells were isolated. Cells were stimulated with T cell mitogens, anti-CD3/CD28 antibodies, or lipopolysaccharide to determine T cell proliferation, cytokine production, and CD4(+) T cell subpopulations. Results: Compared to HFD control group, all CR mice, regardless of the presence of curcumin and/or piperine, had lower body weight and fat mass, lower levels of blood glucose and insulin, and fewer total spleen cells but a higher percentage of CD4(+) T cells. Additionally, they demonstrated lower production of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha, a trend toward lower IL-6, and lower production of PGE(2), a lipid molecule with pro-inflammatory and T cell-suppressive properties. Mice with CR alone had higher splenocyte proliferation and IL-2 production, but this effect of CR was diminished by spice supplementation. CR alone or in combination with spice supplementation had no effect on production of cytokines IL-4, IL-10, IFN-gamma, and IL-17, or the proportion of different CD4(+) T cell subsets. Conclusion: CR on an HFD favorably impacts both metabolic and immune/inflammatory profiles; however, the presence of curcumin and/or piperine does not amplify CR's beneficial effects. C1 [Wang, Junpeng; Vanegas, Sally M.; Du, Xiaogang; Meydani, Simin Nikbin; Wu, Dayong] Tufts Univ, Nutr Immunol Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Noble, Timothy; Zingg, Jean-Marc A.; Meydani, Mohsen] Tufts Univ, Vasc Biol Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Meydani, Simin Nikbin] Tufts Univ, Sackler Grad Sch Biomed Sci, Dept Pathol, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Wu, DY (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Nutr Immunol Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM dayong.wu@tufts.edu RI Biguzzi, Felipe/E-4724-2015 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture [58-1950-0-014] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture under agreement #58-1950-0-014. Any opinions, findings, conclusion, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The authors would like to thank Stephanie Marco for her help in the preparation of the manuscript. NR 50 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 9 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1743-7075 J9 NUTR METAB JI Nutr. Metab. PD MAR 27 PY 2013 VL 10 AR 29 DI 10.1186/1743-7075-10-29 PG 10 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 122DM UT WOS:000317296700001 PM 23531279 ER PT J AU Aslibekyan, S Frazier-Wood, AC Absher, DM Sha, J Zhi, DG Kabagambe, EK Straka, RJ Tiwari, HK Tsai, MY Hopkins, PN Borecki, IB Ordovas, JM Arnett, DK AF Aslibekyan, Stella Frazier-Wood, Alexis C. Absher, Devin M. Sha, Jin Zhi, Degui Kabagambe, Edmond K. Straka, Robert J. Tiwari, Hemant K. Tsai, Michael Y. Hopkins, Paul N. Borecki, Ingrid B. Ordovas, Jose M. Arnett, Donna K. TI DNA Methylation Patterns are Associated with Genetic Variation and Systemic Inflammation SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Scientific Sessions of the American-Heart-Association on Epidemiology and Prevention/Physical Activity, Nutrition and Metabolism CY MAR 19-22, 2013 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Heart Assoc DE Genomics; Inflammation; Genetics C1 [Aslibekyan, Stella; Frazier-Wood, Alexis C.; Sha, Jin; Zhi, Degui; Kabagambe, Edmond K.; Tiwari, Hemant K.; Arnett, Donna K.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA. [Absher, Devin M.] HudsonAlpha Inst Biotechnol, Huntsville, AL USA. [Straka, Robert J.; Tsai, Michael Y.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Hopkins, Paul N.] Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Borecki, Ingrid B.] Washington Univ, St Louis, MO USA. [Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 EI 1524-4539 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD MAR 26 PY 2013 VL 127 IS 12 SU S MA MP31 PG 2 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 302HW UT WOS:000330596100081 ER PT J AU DeFuria, J Belkina, AC Jagannathan-Bogdan, M Snyder-Cappione, J Carr, JD Nersesova, YR Markham, D Strissel, KJ Watkins, AA Zhu, M Allen, J Bouchard, J Toraldo, G Jasuja, R Obin, MS McDonnell, ME Apovian, C Denis, GV Nikolajczyk, BS AF DeFuria, Jason Belkina, Anna C. Jagannathan-Bogdan, Madhumita Snyder-Cappione, Jennifer Carr, Jordan David Nersesova, Yanina R. Markham, Douglas Strissel, Katherine J. Watkins, Amanda A. Zhu, Min Allen, Jessica Bouchard, Jacqueline Toraldo, Gianluca Jasuja, Ravi Obin, Martin S. McDonnell, Marie E. Apovian, Caroline Denis, Gerald V. Nikolajczyk, Barbara S. TI B cells promote inflammation in obesity and type 2 diabetes through regulation of T-cell function and an inflammatory cytokine profile SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE immunometabolism; lymphocytes ID ADIPOSE-TISSUE; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; GLUCOSE-HOMEOSTASIS; NLRP3 INFLAMMASOME; RECEPTOR-ACTIVITY; MICE; POPULATION; LYMPHOCYTES; METABOLISM; ACTIVATION AB Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have disease-associated changes in B-cell function, but the role these changes play in disease pathogenesis is not well established. Data herein show B cells from obese mice produce a proinflammatory cytokine profile compared with B cells from lean mice. Complementary in vivo studies show that obese B cell-null mice have decreased systemic inflammation, inflammatory B-and T-cell cytokines, adipose tissue inflammation, and insulin resistance (IR) compared with obese WT mice. Reduced inflammation in obese/insulin resistant B cell-null mice associates with an increased percentage of anti-inflammatory regulatory T cells (Tregs). This increase contrasts with the sharply decreased percentage of Tregs in obese compared with lean WT mice and suggests that B cells may be critical regulators of T-cell functions previously shown to play important roles in IR. We demonstrate that B cells from T2D (but not non-T2D) subjects support proinflammatory T-cell function in obesity/T2D through contact-dependent mechanisms. In contrast, human monocytes increase proinflammatory T-cell cytokines in both T2D and non-T2D analyses. These data support the conclusion that B cells are critical regulators of inflammation in T2D due to their direct ability to promote proinflammatory T-cell function and secrete a proinflammatory cytokine profile. Thus, B cells are potential therapeutic targets for T2D. C1 [DeFuria, Jason; Snyder-Cappione, Jennifer; Carr, Jordan David; Markham, Douglas; Zhu, Min; Nikolajczyk, Barbara S.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Belkina, Anna C.; Denis, Gerald V.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Canc Res Ctr, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Jagannathan-Bogdan, Madhumita; Allen, Jessica; Bouchard, Jacqueline] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Nersesova, Yanina R.; Toraldo, Gianluca; Jasuja, Ravi; McDonnell, Marie E.; Apovian, Caroline] Boston Med Ctr, Dept Med, Sect Endocrinol Diabet Nutr & Weight Management, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Strissel, Katherine J.; Obin, Martin S.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Obes & Metab Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Watkins, Amanda A.] Boston Med Ctr, Dept Med, Renal Sect, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Denis, Gerald V.; Nikolajczyk, Barbara S.] Boston Med Ctr, Dept Med, Hematol Oncol Sect, Boston, MA 02118 USA. RP Nikolajczyk, BS (reprint author), Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, Boston, MA 02118 USA. EM bnikol@bu.edu OI Apovian, Caroline/0000-0002-8029-1922; Snyder-Cappione , Jennifer/0000-0002-0941-5582; McDonnell, Marie/0000-0003-3892-2660; Denis, Gerald/0000-0001-9886-0401; Belkina, Anna/0000-0001-7967-6254 FU National Institutes of Health [R21DK089270, 5R21DE021154, R56 DK090455, R56 DK096525]; Immunology Training Program [AI007309]; Hematology Training Program [HL007501]; Boston Area Diabetes Endocrinology Research Center Pilot Program; Boston Nutrition Obesity Research Center [DK046200] FX We thank Drs. Jongsoon Lee and Susan Leeman for manuscript critiques; Joel Nikolajczyk for expert technical assistance; and the Evans Center for Interdisciplinary Biomedical Research and its Affinity Research Collaborative members for valuable discussion and resources. This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grants R21DK089270, 5R21DE021154, R56 DK090455, and R56 DK096525, Immunology Training Program AI007309, Hematology Training Program HL007501, the Boston Area Diabetes Endocrinology Research Center Pilot Program, and Boston Nutrition Obesity Research Center Grant DK046200. NR 39 TC 113 Z9 114 U1 3 U2 31 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAR 26 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 13 BP 5133 EP 5138 DI 10.1073/pnas.1215840110 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 131XN UT WOS:000318031900061 PM 23479618 ER PT J AU Maron, LG Guimaraes, CT Kirst, M Albert, PS Birchler, JA Bradbury, PJ Buckler, ES Coluccio, AE Danilova, TV Kudrna, D Magalhaes, JV Pineros, MA Schatz, MC Wing, RA Kochian, LV AF Maron, Lyza G. Guimaraes, Claudia T. Kirst, Matias Albert, Patrice S. Birchler, James A. Bradbury, Peter J. Buckler, Edward S. Coluccio, Alison E. Danilova, Tatiana V. Kudrna, David Magalhaes, Jurandir V. Pineros, Miguel A. Schatz, Michael C. Wing, Rod A. Kochian, Leon V. TI Aluminum tolerance in maize is associated with higher MATE1 gene copy number SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE abiotic stress; selection ID TOXIC COMPOUND EXTRUSION; ACTIVATED CITRATE; TROPICAL MAIZE; SOIL ACIDITY; GENOME; DIVERSITY; MULTIDRUG; FAMILY; RICE; TRANSPORTERS AB Genome structure variation, including copy number variation and presence/absence variation, comprises a large extent of maize genetic diversity; however, its effect on phenotypes remains largely unexplored. Here, we describe how copy number variation underlies a rare allele that contributes to maize aluminum (Al) tolerance. Al toxicity is the primary limitation for crop production on acid soils, which make up 50% of the world's potentially arable lands. In a recombinant inbred line mapping population, copy number variation of the Al tolerance gene multidrug and toxic compound extrusion 1 (MATE1) is the basis for the quantitative trait locus of largest effect on phenotypic variation. This expansion in MATE1 copy number is associated with higher MATE1 expression, which in turn results in superior Al tolerance. The three MATE1 copies are identical and are part of a tandem triplication. Only three maize inbred lines carrying the three-copy allele were identified from maize and teosinte diversity panels, indicating that copy number variation for MATE1 is a rare, and quite likely recent, event. These maize lines with higher MATE1 copy number are also Al-tolerant, have high MATE1 expression, and originate from regions of highly acidic soils. Our findings show a role for copy number variation in the adaptation of maize to acidic soils in the tropics and suggest that genome structural changes may be a rapid evolutionary response to new environments. C1 [Maron, Lyza G.; Bradbury, Peter J.; Buckler, Edward S.; Coluccio, Alison E.; Pineros, Miguel A.; Kochian, Leon V.] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Bradbury, Peter J.; Buckler, Edward S.] Cornell Univ, Inst Genom Divers, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Guimaraes, Claudia T.; Magalhaes, Jurandir V.] Embrapa Maize & Sorghum, BR-35701970 Sete Lagoas, MG, Brazil. [Kirst, Matias] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Kirst, Matias] Univ Florida, Univ Florida Genet Inst, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Albert, Patrice S.; Birchler, James A.; Danilova, Tatiana V.] Univ Missouri, Div Biol Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Kudrna, David; Wing, Rod A.] Univ Arizona, Sch Plant Sci, Arizona Genom Inst, Tucson, AZ 85705 USA. [Schatz, Michael C.] Cold Spring Harbor Lab, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724 USA. RP Maron, LG (reprint author), Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM lgm7@cornell.edu; lvk1@cornell.edu RI Maron, Lyza/B-5644-2008; OI Maron, Lyza/0000-0001-6475-2357; Kochian, Leon/0000-0003-3416-089X; Schatz, Michael/0000-0002-4118-4446; Buckler, Edward/0000-0002-3100-371X; Pineros, Miguel/0000-0002-7166-1848; Wing, Rod/0000-0001-6633-6226 FU Generation Challenge Programme [G3008.02, G7010.03.02] FX We thank Doreen Ware and Joshua Stein for their help and suggestions. We also thank Julia Vrebalov and Carlos Fasane for technical assistance; Jayson Talag for BAC library cloning; Wolfgang Golser and Raju Jetty for expertise and suggestions on BAC library strategies; and Jon Shaff, Randy Clark, and Eric Craft for providing phenotypic data for the maize association panel. This work was supported by Generation Challenge Programme Grants G3008.02 and G7010.03.02 (to L.V.K.). NR 45 TC 77 Z9 81 U1 7 U2 66 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAR 26 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 13 BP 5241 EP 5246 DI 10.1073/pnas.1220766110 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 131XN UT WOS:000318031900079 PM 23479633 ER PT J AU Ammar, ED Hall, DG Shatters, RG AF Ammar, El-Desouky Hall, David G. Shatters, Robert G., Jr. TI Stylet Morphometrics and Citrus Leaf Vein Structure in Relation to Feeding Behavior of the Asian Citrus Psyllid Diaphorina citri, Vector of Citrus Huanglongbing Bacterium SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CANDIDATUS LIBERIBACTER ASIATICUS; HEMIPTERA PSYLLIDAE; TRANSMISSION PARAMETERS; HOST PLANTS; DISEASE; BIOLOGY AB The Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), is the primary vector of the phloem-limited bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (LAS) associated with huanglongbing (HLB, citrus greening), considered the world's most serious disease of citrus. Stylet morphometrics of ACP nymphs and adults were studied in relation to citrus vein structure and to their putative (histologically verified) feeding sites on Valencia orange leaves. ACP nymphs preferred to settle and feed on the lower (abaxial) side of young leaves either on secondary veins or on the sides of the midrib, whereas adults preferred to settle and feed on the upper (adaxial) or lower secondary veins of young or old leaves. Early instar nymphs can reach and probe the phloem probably because the distance to the phloem is considerably shorter in younger than in mature leaves, and is shorter from the sides of the midrib compared to that from the center. Additionally, the thick-walled 'fibrous ring' (sclerenchyma) around the phloem, which may act as a barrier to ACP stylet penetration into the phloem, is more prominent in older than in younger leaves and in the center than on the sides of the midrib. The majority (80-90%) of the salivary sheath termini produced by ACP nymphs and adults that reached a vascular bundle were associated with the phloem, whereas only 10-20% were associated with xylem vessels. Ultrastructural studies on ACP stylets and LAS-infected leaves suggested that the width of the maxillary food canal in first instar nymphs is wide enough for LAS bacteria to traverse during food ingestion (and LAS acquisition). However, the width of the maxillary salivary canal in these nymphs may not be wide enough to accommodate LAS bacteria during salivation (and LAS inoculation) into host plants. This may explain the inability of early instar nymphs to transmit LAS/HLB in earlier reports. C1 [Ammar, El-Desouky; Hall, David G.; Shatters, Robert G., Jr.] USDA ARS, Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Ammar, ED (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM Eldesouky.ammar@ars.usda.gov FU Florida Citrus Research and Development Foundation FX Funds for this research were provided by the Florida Citrus Research and Development Foundation. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 37 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 40 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 26 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 3 AR e59914 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0059914 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 123VE UT WOS:000317418500104 PM 23555830 ER PT J AU Skinner, C McMahon, S Rasooly, R Carter, JM He, XH AF Skinner, Craig McMahon, Stephanie Rasooly, Reuven Carter, John Mark He, Xiaohua TI Purification and Characterization of Shiga Toxin 2f, an Immunologically Unrelated Subtype of Shiga Toxin 2 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; RELATIVE TOXICITIES; VARIANTS; HUMANS; CELLS; ASSAY; MICE; IDENTIFICATION; PATHOGENESIS; SPECIFICITY AB Background: Shiga-like toxin 2 (Stx2) is one of the most important virulence factors in enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains such as O157H7. Subtypes of Stx2 are diverse with respect to their sequence, toxicity, and distribution. The most diverse Stx2 subtype, Stx2f, is difficult to detect immunologically, but is becoming more frequently associated with human illness. Methods and Findings: A purification regimen was developed for the purification of Stx2f involving cation exchange, hydrophobic interaction, anion exchange, and gel filtration. The molecular weight of Stx2f B-subunit was approximately 5 kDa, which appeared significantly smaller than that of Stx2a (6 kDa) on a SDS-PAGE gel, although the size of the A subunit was similar to Stx2a (30 kDa). Stx2f was shown to be active in both cell-free and cell-based assays. The 50% cytotoxic dose in Vero cells was 3.4 or 1.7 pg (depending on the assay conditions), about 3-5 times higher than the archetypical Stx2a, while the activity of Stx2f and Stx2a in a cell-free rabbit reticulocyte system was similar. Stx2f bound to both globotriose-lipopolysaccharide (Gb3-LPS) and globotetraose-LPS (Gb4-LPS, mimics for globotriaosylceramide and globotetraosylceramide, respectively), but its ability to bind Gb4-LPS was much stronger than Stx2a. Stx2f was also much more stable at low pH and high temperature compared to Stx2a, suggesting the toxin itself may survive harsher food preparation practices. Conclusions: Here, we detail the purification, biochemical properties, and toxicity of Stx2f, from an E. coli strain isolated from a feral pigeon. Information obtained in this study will be valuable for characterizing Stx2f and explaining the differences of Stx2a and Stx2f in host specificity and cytotoxicity. C1 [Skinner, Craig; McMahon, Stephanie; Rasooly, Reuven; Carter, John Mark; He, Xiaohua] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA USA. RP He, XH (reprint author), ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA USA. EM xiaohua.he@ars.usda.gov RI Carter, John Mark/K-2485-2015 OI Carter, John Mark/0000-0001-8251-4168 FU United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service National Program NP108; Current Research Information System project [5325-42000-048-00D] FX This research was supported by United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service National Program NP108, Current Research Information System project 5325-42000-048-00D. The funders had no role in study design, data, collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 43 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 26 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 3 AR e59760 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0059760 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 123VE UT WOS:000317418500087 PM 23555772 ER PT J AU Wilcox, TM McKelvey, KS Young, MK Jane, SF Lowe, WH Whiteley, AR Schwartz, MK AF Wilcox, Taylor M. McKelvey, Kevin S. Young, Michael K. Jane, Stephen F. Lowe, Winsor H. Whiteley, Andrew R. Schwartz, Michael K. TI Robust Detection of Rare Species Using Environmental DNA: The Importance of Primer Specificity SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID REAL-TIME PCR; BROOK TROUT; QUANTITATIVE PCR; BULL TROUT; WATER; HYBRIDIZATION; SALMONIDS; TELEOSTEI; ABUNDANCE; INVASION AB Environmental DNA (eDNA) is being rapidly adopted as a tool to detect rare animals. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) using probe-based chemistries may represent a particularly powerful tool because of the method's sensitivity, specificity, and potential to quantify target DNA. However, there has been little work understanding the performance of these assays in the presence of closely related, sympatric taxa. If related species cause any cross-amplification or interference, false positives and negatives may be generated. These errors can be disastrous if false positives lead to overestimate the abundance of an endangered species or if false negatives prevent detection of an invasive species. In this study we test factors that influence the specificity and sensitivity of TaqMan MGB assays using co-occurring, closely related brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) and bull trout (S. confluentus) as a case study. We found qPCR to be substantially more sensitive than traditional PCR, with a high probability of detection at concentrations as low as 0.5 target copies/ml. We also found that number and placement of base pair mismatches between the Taqman MGB assay and non-target templates was important to target specificity, and that specificity was most influenced by base pair mismatches in the primers, rather than in the probe. We found that insufficient specificity can result in both false positive and false negative results, particularly in the presence of abundant related species. Our results highlight the utility of qPCR as a highly sensitive eDNA tool, and underscore the importance of careful assay design. C1 [Wilcox, Taylor M.; McKelvey, Kevin S.; Young, Michael K.; Schwartz, Michael K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT USA. [Jane, Stephen F.; Whiteley, Andrew R.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Lowe, Winsor H.] Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. RP Wilcox, TM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT USA. EM taylor.wilcox@umontana.edu RI Schwartz, Michael/C-3184-2014 OI Schwartz, Michael/0000-0003-3521-3367 NR 40 TC 70 Z9 74 U1 14 U2 175 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 26 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 3 AR e59520 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0059520 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 123VE UT WOS:000317418500042 PM 23555689 ER PT J AU Silva, CJ Dynin, I Erickson, ML Requena, JR Balachandran, A Hui, C Onisko, BC Carter, JM AF Silva, Christopher J. Dynin, Irina Erickson, Melissa L. Requena, Jesus R. Balachandran, Aru Hui, Colleen Onisko, Bruce C. Carter, John Mark TI Oxidation of Methionine 216 in Sheep and Elk Prion Protein Is Highly Dependent upon the Amino Acid at Position 218 but Is Not Important for Prion Propagation SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ELECTROSPRAY MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE; SULFOXIDE REDUCTASES; OXIDIZED METHIONINE; MOUSE SCRAPIE; HAMSTERS; IDENTIFICATION; PEPTIDES; TRANSMISSION; STRAINS AB We employed a sensitive mass spectrometry-based method to deconstruct, confirm, and quantitate the prions present in elk naturally infected with chronic wasting disease and sheep naturally infected with scrapie. We used this approach to study the oxidation of a methionine at position 216 (Met216), because this oxidation (MetSO216) has been implicated in prion formation. Three polymorphisms (Ile218, Val218, and Thr218) of sheep recombinant prion protein were prepared. Our analysis showed the novel result that the proportion of MetSO216 was highly dependent upon the amino acid residue at position 218 (I > V > T), indicating that Ile218 in sheep and elk prion protein (PrP) renders the Met216 intrinsically more susceptible to oxidation than the Val218 or Thr218 analogue. We were able to quantitate the prions in the attomole range. The presence of prions was verified by the detection of two confirmatory peptides: GENFTETDIK (sheep and elk) and ESQAYYQR (sheep) or ESEAYYQR (elk). This approach required much smaller amounts of tissue (600 mu g) than traditional methods of detection (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Western blot, and immunohistochemical analysis) (60 mg). In sheep and elk, a normal cellular prion protein containing MetSO216 is not actively recruited and converted to prions, although we observed that this Met216 is intrinsically more susceptible to oxidation. C1 [Silva, Christopher J.; Dynin, Irina; Erickson, Melissa L.; Hui, Colleen; Carter, John Mark] USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Requena, Jesus R.] Univ Santiago de Compostela IDIS, CIMUS Biomed Res Inst, Santiago De Compostela, Spain. [Requena, Jesus R.] Univ Santiago de Compostela IDIS, Dept Med, Santiago De Compostela, Spain. [Balachandran, Aru] Canadian Food Inspect Agcy, Natl & OIE Reference Lab Scrapie, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Balachandran, Aru] Canadian Food Inspect Agcy, CWD, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Onisko, Bruce C.] OniPro Biosci, Kensington, CA 94707 USA. RP Silva, CJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM christopher.silva@ars.usda.gov RI Carter, John Mark/K-2485-2015; OI Carter, John Mark/0000-0001-8251-4168; Onisko, Bruce/0000-0003-4657-8257; Silva, Christopher/0000-0003-4521-6377 FU EU [FP7 222887]; Spanish Ministry of Science and Education [BFU2006-04588/BMC] FX This work was supported by Grants FP7 222887 (Priority) from the EU and BFU2006-04588/BMC from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Education to J.R.R. NR 52 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD MAR 26 PY 2013 VL 52 IS 12 BP 2139 EP 2147 DI 10.1021/bi3016795 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 115YC UT WOS:000316846800013 PM 23458153 ER PT J AU Temeyer, KB Tuckow, AP Brake, DK Li, AY de Leon, AAP AF Temeyer, Kevin B. Tuckow, Alexander P. Brake, Danett K. Li, Andrew Y. de Leon, Adalberto A. Perez TI Acetylcholinesterases of blood-feeding flies and ticks SO CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Meeting on Cholinesterases CY JUN 04-09, 2012 CL Kazan, RUSSIA DE Rhipicephalus microplus; Ectoparasite; Acetylcholinesterase; Biting flies; Cattle tick ID BOOPHILUS-MICROPLUS ACARI; IRRITANS L. DIPTERA; BACULOVIRUS EXPRESSION; ORGANOPHOSPHATE-RESISTANT; RHIPICEPHALUS-MICROPLUS; INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE; BIOCHEMICAL-PROPERTIES; CDNA; IXODIDAE; MUSCIDAE AB Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is the biochemical target of organophosphate (OP) and carbamate pesticides for invertebrates, vertebrate nerve agents, and AChE inhibitors used to reduce effects of Alzheimer's disease. Organophosphate pesticides (OPs) are widely used to control blood-feeding arthropods, including biting flies and ticks. However, resistance to OPs in pests affecting animal and human health has compromised control efficacy. OP resistance often results from mutations producing an OP-insensitive AChE. Our studies have demonstrated production of OP-insensitive AChEs in biting flies and ticks. Complementary DNA (cDNA) sequences encoding AChEs were obtained for the horn fly, stable fly, sand fly, and the southern cattle tick. The availability of cDNA sequences enables the identification of mutations, expression and characterization of recombinant proteins, gene silencing for functional studies, as well as in vitro screening of novel inhibitors. The southern cattle tick expresses at least three different genes encoding AChE in their synganglion, i.e. brain. Gene amplification for each of the three known cattle tick AChE genes and expression of multiple alleles for each gene may reduce fitness cost associated with OP-resistance. AChE hydrolyzes the neurotransmitter, acetylcholine, but may have additional roles in physiology and development. The three cattle tick AChEs possess significantly different biochemical properties, and are expressed in neural and non-neural tissues, which suggest separation of structure and function. The remarkable complexity of AChEs in ticks suggested by combining genomic data from Ixodes scapularis with our genetic and biochemical data from Rhipicephalus microplus is suggestive of previously unknown gene duplication and diversification. Comparative studies between invertebrate and vertebrate AChEs could enhance our understanding of structure-activity relationships. Research with ticks as a model system offers the opportunity to elucidate structure-activity relationships for AChE that are important for advances in targeted pest control, as well as potential applications for medicine and biosecurity. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Temeyer, Kevin B.; Tuckow, Alexander P.; Brake, Danett K.; Li, Andrew Y.; de Leon, Adalberto A. Perez] ARS, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insect Res Lab, USDA, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. RP Temeyer, KB (reprint author), ARS, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insect Res Lab, USDA, 2700 Fredericksburg Rd, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. EM kevin.temeyer@ars.usda.gov; alex.tuckow@ar-s.usda.gov; danett.bishop@med.navy.mil; andrew.li@ar-s.usda.gov; beto.perezdeleon@ars.usda.gov NR 41 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0009-2797 EI 1872-7786 J9 CHEM-BIOL INTERACT JI Chem.-Biol. Interact. PD MAR 25 PY 2013 VL 203 IS 1 SI SI BP 319 EP 322 DI 10.1016/j.cbi.2012.09.010 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 134HU UT WOS:000318201800063 PM 23036311 ER PT J AU Yang, LM Li, DW Li, YH Gu, XF Huang, SW Garcia-Mas, J Weng, YQ AF Yang, Luming Li, Dawei Li, Yuhong Gu, Xingfang Huang, Sanwen Garcia-Mas, Jordi Weng, Yiqun TI A 1,681-locus consensus genetic map of cultivated cucumber including 67 NB-LRR resistance gene homolog and ten gene loci SO BMC PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cucumber; Cucumis sativus; NB-LRR; Resistance gene homolog; Genetic mapping; Comparative mapping; Map integration ID GENOME-WIDE IDENTIFICATION; REPEAT-ENCODING GENES; MELON C. MELO; DISEASE-RESISTANCE; NUCLEOTIDE-BINDING; LINKAGE MAP; HIGH-DENSITY; SATIVUS L; DRAFT GENOME; L. AB Background: Cucumber is an important vegetable crop that is susceptible to many pathogens, but no disease resistance (R) genes have been cloned. The availability of whole genome sequences provides an excellent opportunity for systematic identification and characterization of the nucleotide binding and leucine-rich repeat (NB-LRR) type R gene homolog (RGH) sequences in the genome. Cucumber has a very narrow genetic base making it difficult to construct high-density genetic maps. Development of a consensus map by synthesizing information from multiple segregating populations is a method of choice to increase marker density. As such, the objectives of the present study were to identify and characterize NB-LRR type RGHs, and to develop a high-density, integrated cucumber genetic-physical map anchored with RGH loci. Results: From the Gy14 draft genome, 70 NB-containing RGHs were identified and characterized. Most RGHs were in clusters with uneven distribution across seven chromosomes. In silico analysis indicated that all 70 RGHs had EST support for gene expression. Phylogenetic analysis classified 58 RGHs into two clades: CNL and TNL. Comparative analysis revealed high-degree sequence homology and synteny in chromosomal locations of these RGH members between the cucumber and melon genomes. Fifty-four molecular markers were developed to delimit 67 of the 70 RGHs, which were integrated into a genetic map through linkage analysis. A 1,681-locus cucumber consensus map including 10 gene loci and spanning 730.0 cM in seven linkage groups was developed by integrating three component maps with a bin-mapping strategy. Physically, 308 scaffolds with 193.2 Mbp total DNA sequences were anchored onto this consensus map that covered 52.6% of the 367 Mbp cucumber genome. Conclusions: Cucumber contains relatively few NB-LRR RGHs that are clustered and unevenly distributed in the genome. All RGHs seem to be transcribed and shared significant sequence homology and synteny with the melon genome suggesting conservation of these RGHs in the Cucumis lineage. The 1,681-locus consensus genetic-physical map developed and the RGHs identified and characterized herein are valuable genomics resources that may have many applications such as quantitative trait loci identification, map-based gene cloning, association mapping, marker-assisted selection, as well as assembly of a more complete cucumber genome. C1 [Yang, Luming; Li, Dawei; Li, Yuhong; Weng, Yiqun] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Li, Dawei; Li, Yuhong] Northwest A&F Univ, Hort Coll, Yangling 712100, Peoples R China. [Gu, Xingfang; Huang, Sanwen] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Vegetables & Flowers, Beijing 100018, Peoples R China. [Garcia-Mas, Jordi] Ctr Res Agr Genom CSIC IRTA UAB UB, IRTA, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Weng, Yiqun] Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Weng, YQ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM yiqun.weng@ars.usda.gov RI Garcia-Mas, Jordi/B-9694-2012 OI Garcia-Mas, Jordi/0000-0001-7101-9049 FU USDA-SCRI [2011-51181-30661]; BARD, the United States - Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund [IS-4341-10] FX The authors thank Linda Crubaugh for technical help. This research was supported by a grant from USDA-SCRI (Project no. 2011-51181-30661), and Research Grant No. IS-4341-10 from BARD, the United States - Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund to YW. NR 70 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 3 U2 41 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2229 J9 BMC PLANT BIOL JI BMC Plant Biol. PD MAR 25 PY 2013 VL 13 AR 53 DI 10.1186/1471-2229-13-53 PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 127RA UT WOS:000317714900001 PM 23531125 ER PT J AU Yang, ZH Grinchuk, V Urban, JF Bohl, J Sun, R Notari, L Yan, S Ramalingam, T Keegan, AD Wynn, TA Shea-Donohue, T Zhao, AP AF Yang, Zhonghan Grinchuk, Viktoriya Urban, Joseph F., Jr. Bohl, Jennifer Sun, Rex Notari, Luigi Yan, Shu Ramalingam, Thirumalai Keegan, Achsah D. Wynn, Thomas A. Shea-Donohue, Terez Zhao, Aiping TI Macrophages as IL-25/IL-33-Responsive Cells Play an Important Role in the Induction of Type 2 Immunity SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ALTERNATIVELY ACTIVATED MACROPHAGES; NIPPOSTRONGYLUS-BRASILIENSIS INFECTION; ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY; SMALL-INTESTINE; LYMPHOID-CELLS; IN-VIVO; CYTOKINE; EXPRESSION; RECEPTOR; DISEASE AB Type 2 immunity is essential for host protection against nematode infection but is detrimental in allergic inflammation or asthma. There is a major research focus on the effector molecules and specific cell types involved in the initiation of type 2 immunity. Recent work has implicated an important role of epithelial-derived cytokines, IL-25 and IL-33, acting on innate immune cells that are believed to be the initial sources of type 2 cytokines IL-4/IL-5/IL-13. The identities of the cell types that mediate the effects of IL-25/IL-33, however, remain to be fully elucidated. In the present study, we demonstrate that macrophages as IL-25/IL-33-responsive cells play an important role in inducing type 2 immunity using both in vitro and in vivo approaches. Macrophages produced type 2 cytokines IL-5 and IL-13 in response to the stimulation of IL-25/IL-33 in vitro, or were the IL-13-producing cells in mice administrated with exogenous IL-33 or infected with Heligmosomoides bakeri. In addition, IL-33 induced alternative activation of macrophages primarily through autocrine IL-13 activating the IL-4R alpha-STAT6 pathway. Moreover, depletion of macrophages attenuated the IL-25/IL-33-induced type 2 immunity in mice, while adoptive transfer of IL-33-activated macrophages into mice with a chronic Heligmosomoides bakeri infection induced worm expulsion accompanied by a potent type 2 protective immune response. Thus, macrophages represent a unique population of the innate immune cells pivotal to type 2 immunity and a potential therapeutic target in controlling type 2 immunity-mediated inflammatory pathologies. C1 [Yang, Zhonghan; Grinchuk, Viktoriya; Bohl, Jennifer; Sun, Rex; Notari, Luigi; Yan, Shu; Shea-Donohue, Terez; Zhao, Aiping] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Yang, Zhonghan; Grinchuk, Viktoriya; Bohl, Jennifer; Sun, Rex; Notari, Luigi; Yan, Shu; Shea-Donohue, Terez; Zhao, Aiping] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Mucosal Biol Res Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Yang, Zhonghan] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Dept Biochem, Zhongshan Med Sch, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Urban, Joseph F., Jr.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Keegan, Achsah D.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Ctr Vasc & Inflammatory Dis, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Ramalingam, Thirumalai; Wynn, Thomas A.] NIAID, Div Parasitol, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Zhao, AP (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. EM azhao@mbrc.umaryland.edu OI Urban, Joseph/0000-0002-1590-8869 FU NIH [R01-DK083418, R01-AI/DK49316, R01-AI038985]; USDA CRIS [1235-51000-055] FX This work was supported by NIH grants R01-DK083418 (AZ), R01-AI/DK49316 (T. S-D), R01-AI038985 (ADK), and USDA CRIS project #1235-51000-055 (JFU). The opinions and assertions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the U. S. Department of Agriculture or the Department of Defense. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 44 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 13 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 25 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 3 AR e59441 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0059441 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 123NP UT WOS:000317397200025 PM 23536877 ER PT J AU Zhou, YH Fuentes-Hernandez, C Khan, TM Liu, JC Hsu, J Shim, JW Dindar, A Youngblood, JP Moon, RJ Kippelen, B AF Zhou, Yinhua Fuentes-Hernandez, Canek Khan, Talha M. Liu, Jen-Chieh Hsu, James Shim, Jae Won Dindar, Amir Youngblood, Jeffrey P. Moon, Robert J. Kippelen, Bernard TI Recyclable organic solar cells on cellulose nanocrystal substrates SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID TRANSPARENT; ELECTRODES; PAPER AB Solar energy is potentially the largest source of renewable energy at our disposal, but significant advances are required to make photovoltaic technologies economically viable and, from a life-cycle perspective, environmentally friendly, and consequently scalable. Cellulose nanomaterials are emerging high-value nanoparticles extracted from plants that are abundant, renewable, and sustainable. Here, we report on the first demonstration of efficient polymer solar cells fabricated on optically transparent cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) substrates. The solar cells fabricated on the CNC substrates display good rectification in the dark and reach a power conversion efficiency of 2.7%. In addition, we demonstrate that these solar cells can be easily separated and recycled into their major components using low-energy processes at room temperature, opening the door for a truly recyclable solar cell technology. Efficient and easily recyclable organic solar cells on CNC substrates are expected to be an attractive technology for sustainable, scalable, and environmentally-friendly energy production. C1 [Zhou, Yinhua; Fuentes-Hernandez, Canek; Khan, Talha M.; Hsu, James; Shim, Jae Won; Dindar, Amir; Kippelen, Bernard] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, COPE, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Liu, Jen-Chieh; Youngblood, Jeffrey P.; Moon, Robert J.] Purdue Univ, Sch Mat Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Moon, Robert J.] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Kippelen, B (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, COPE, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM kippelen@ece.gatech.edu RI Zhou, Yinhua/G-5306-2010; Kippelen, Bernard/I-4058-2013; Fuentes Hernandez, Canek/G-3974-2011; OI Kippelen, Bernard/0000-0002-8417-7051; Khan, Talha/0000-0001-7523-3528 FU Center for Interface Science: Solar Electric Materials, an Energy Frontier Research Center; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE SC0001084]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-09-1-0418]; Office of Naval Research [N00014-04-1-0313]; US Department of Agriculture -Forest Service [12-JV-11111122-098]; USDA-Forest Service [11-JV-11111129-118] FX This research was funded in part through the Center for Interface Science: Solar Electric Materials, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number DE SC0001084 (Y.Z., J.S., C. F., A. D.), by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (Grant No. FA9550-09-1-0418) (J. H.), by the Office of Naval Research (Grant No. N00014-04-1-0313) (T. K., B. K.), and the US Department of Agriculture -Forest Service (Grant No. 12-JV-11111122-098). Funding for CNC substrate processing was provided by USDA-Forest Service (Grant No. 11-JV-11111129-118) (R. J. M., J.P.Y., J. L.). The authors thank Rick Reiner and Alan Rudie from the U.S. Forest Service-Forest Products Laboratory (FPL) for providing CNC materials. NR 30 TC 83 Z9 83 U1 10 U2 191 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD MAR 25 PY 2013 VL 3 AR 1536 DI 10.1038/srep01536 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 111VI UT WOS:000316548600006 PM 23524333 ER PT J AU Maughan, MN Dougherty, LS Preskenis, LA Ladman, BS Gelb, J Spackman, EV Keeler, CL AF Maughan, Michele N. Dougherty, Lorna S. Preskenis, Lauren A. Ladman, Brian S. Gelb, Jack, Jr. Spackman, Erica V. Keeler, Calvin L., Jr. TI Transcriptional analysis of the innate immune response of ducks to different species-of-origin low pathogenic H7 avian influenza viruses SO VIROLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Duck; Innate immunity; Pathogenesis; Avian influenza; Low pathogenicity; Transcriptome; Spleen; qRT-PCR; Avian innate immunity microarray (AIIM) ID LARGE GENE LISTS; EXPRESSION; CHICKEN; CELLS; REPLICATION; INFECTION; PATHWAYS; TURKEYS; PEKIN; H1N1 AB Background: Wild waterfowl, including ducks, represent the classic reservoir for low pathogenicity avian influenza (LPAI) viruses and play a major role in the worldwide dissemination of AIV. AIVs belonging to the hemagglutinin (H) 7 subtype are of epidemiological and economic importance due to their potential to mutate into a highly pathogenic form of the virus. Thus far, however, relatively little work has been conducted on elucidating the host-pathogen interactions of ducks and H7 LPAIVs. In the current study, three H7 LPAIVs isolated from either chicken, duck, or turkey avian species were evaluated for their comparative effect on the transcriptional innate immune response of ducks. Results: Three H7 LPAIV isolates, chicken-origin (A/chicken/Maryland/MinhMa/2004), duck-origin (A/pintail/Minnesota/423/1999), and turkey-origin (A/turkey/Virginia/SEP-67/2002) were used to infect Pekin ducks. At 3 days post-infection, RNA from spleen tissue was used for transcriptional analysis using the Avian Innate Immune Microarray (AIIM) and quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). Microarray analysis revealed that a core set of 61 genes was differentially regulated in response to all three LPAIVs. Furthermore, we observed 101, 135, and 628 differentially expressed genes unique to infection with the chicken-, duck-, or turkey-origin LPAIV isolates, respectively. qRT-PCR results revealed significant (p<0.05) induction of IL-1 beta, IL-2, and IFN gamma transcription, with the greatest induction observed upon infection with the chicken-origin isolate. Several key innate immune pathways were activated in response to LPAIV infection including the toll-like receptor and RIG-I-like receptor pathways. Conclusions: Pekin ducks elicit a unique innate immune response to different species-of-origin H7 LPAIV isolates. However, twelve identifiable genes and their associated cell signaling pathways (RIG-I, NOD, TLR) are differentially expressed regardless of isolate origin. This core set of genes are critical to the duck immune response to AI. These data provide insight into the potential mechanisms employed by ducks to tolerate AI viral infection. C1 [Maughan, Michele N.; Dougherty, Lorna S.; Preskenis, Lauren A.; Ladman, Brian S.; Gelb, Jack, Jr.; Keeler, Calvin L., Jr.] Univ Delaware, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Spackman, Erica V.] USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Keeler, CL (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM ckeeler@udel.edu FU USDA-ARS CRIS Project [6612-32000-048]; USDA-ARS [58-6612-6-245] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge Dr. John McDonald for his statistical guidance on this work. This work was supported by USDA-ARS CRIS Project #6612-32000-048 and USDA-ARS cooperative agreement #58-6612-6-245. NR 38 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 21 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1743-422X J9 VIROL J JI Virol. J. PD MAR 23 PY 2013 VL 10 AR 94 DI 10.1186/1743-422X-10-94 PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA 126XK UT WOS:000317655800001 PM 23521892 ER PT J AU Mullins, MA Register, KB Brunelle, BW Aragon, V Galofre-Mila, N Bayles, DO Jolley, KA AF Mullins, Michael A. Register, Karen B. Brunelle, Brian W. Aragon, Virginia Galofre-Mila, Nuria Bayles, Darrell O. Jolley, Keith A. TI A curated public database for multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and analysis of Haemophilus parasuis based on an optimized typing scheme SO VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Haemophilus parasuis; Multi locus sequence typing ID STRAINS; PROFILES; SEROVARS; ANTIGEN; SWINE; PIGS; DNA AB Haemophilus parasuis causes Glasser's disease and pneumonia in swine. Serotyping is often used to classify isolates but requires reagents that are costly to produce and not standardized or widely available. Sequence-based methods, such as multilocus sequence typing (MIST), offer many advantages over serotyping. An MIST scheme was previously proposed for H. parasuis but genome sequence data only recently available reveals the primers recommended, based on sequences of related bacteria, are not optimal. Here we report modifications to enhance the original method, including primer redesign to eliminate mismatches with H. parasuis sequences and to avoid regions of high sequence heterogeneity, standardization of primer T(m)s and identification of universal PCR conditions that result in robust and reproducible amplification of all targets. The modified typing method was applied to a collection of 127 isolates from North and South America, Europe and Asia. An alignment of the concatenated sequences obtained from seven target housekeeping genes identified 278 variable nucleotide sites that define 116 unique sequence types. A comparison of the original and modified methods using a subset of 86 isolates indicates little difference in overall locus diversity, discriminatory power or in the clustering of strains within Neighbor-Joining trees. Data from the optimized MIST were used to populate a newly created and publicly available H. parasuis database. An accompanying database designed to capture provenance and epidemiological information for each isolate was also created. The modified MLST scheme is highly discriminatory but more robust, reproducible and user-friendly than the original. The MIST database provides a novel resource for investigation of H. parasuis outbreaks and for tracking strain evolution. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Mullins, Michael A.; Register, Karen B.] ARS, Virus & Prion Res Unit, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Brunelle, Brian W.] ARS, Food Safety & Enter Pathogens Res Unit, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Aragon, Virginia; Galofre-Mila, Nuria] Ctr Recerca Sanitat Anim, Barcelona, Spain. [Aragon, Virginia] Inst Recerca & Tecnol Agroalimentaries, Barcelona, Spain. [Bayles, Darrell O.] ARS, Infect Bacterial Dis Res Unit, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Jolley, Keith A.] Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Oxford OX1 3PS, England. RP Register, KB (reprint author), ARS, Ruminant Dis & Immunol Res Unit, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, 1920 Dayton Rd, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM karen.register@ars.usda.gov RI Aragon, Virginia/M-1611-2014; OI Aragon, Virginia/0000-0002-3470-6015; Jolley, Keith/0000-0002-0751-0287 FU Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (Government of Spain); [AGL2010-15232] FX We wish to thank David Alt and Lea Ann Hobbs for DNA sequence data. A portion of this study was supported by grant AGL2010-15232, funded by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (Government of Spain). NR 22 TC 10 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1135 J9 VET MICROBIOL JI Vet. Microbiol. PD MAR 23 PY 2013 VL 162 IS 2-4 BP 899 EP 906 DI 10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.11.019 PG 8 WC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA 090TN UT WOS:000315003000069 PM 23218953 ER PT J AU Forshey, TM Nowicki, S Mohr, M Roney, CS Gomez, TM Mitchell, JR Nguyen, TA Behravesh, CB AF Forshey, Tony M. Nowicki, Scott Mohr, Marika Roney, C. Stephen Gomez, Thomas M. Mitchell, Jennifer R. Nguyen, Thai-An Behravesh, Casey Barton TI Multistate Outbreak of Salmonella Infantis, Newport, and Lille Infections Linked to Live Poultry from a Single Mail-Order Hatchery in Ohio - March-September, 2012 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Forshey, Tony M.; Nowicki, Scott; Mohr, Marika] CDC, Ohio Dept Health, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Roney, C. Stephen; Gomez, Thomas M.] CDC, USDA, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Mitchell, Jennifer R.; Nguyen, Thai-An; Behravesh, Casey Barton] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Mitchell, JR (reprint author), CDC, Ohio Dept Health, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM itz4@cdc.gov NR 4 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 7 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD MAR 22 PY 2013 VL 62 IS 11 BP 213 EP 213 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 188FE UT WOS:000322176900004 ER PT J AU Oliver, RE Tinker, NA Lazo, GR Chao, SM Jellen, EN Carson, ML Rines, HW Obert, DE Lutz, JD Shackelford, I Korol, AB Wight, CP Gardner, KM Hattori, J Beattie, AD Bjornstad, A Bonman, JM Jannink, JL Sorrells, ME Brown-Guedira, GL Fetch, JWM Harrison, SA Howarth, CJ Ibrahim, A Kolb, FL McMullen, MS Murphy, JP Ohm, HW Rossnagel, BG Yan, WK Miclaus, KJ Hiller, J Maughan, PJ Hulse, RRR Anderson, JM Islamovic, E Jackson, EW AF Oliver, Rebekah E. Tinker, Nicholas A. Lazo, Gerard R. Chao, Shiaoman Jellen, Eric N. Carson, Martin L. Rines, Howard W. Obert, Donald E. Lutz, Joseph D. Shackelford, Irene Korol, Abraham B. Wight, Charlene P. Gardner, Kyle M. Hattori, Jiro Beattie, Aaron D. Bjornstad, Asmund Bonman, J. Michael Jannink, Jean-Luc Sorrells, Mark E. Brown-Guedira, Gina L. Fetch, Jennifer W. Mitchell Harrison, Stephen A. Howarth, Catherine J. Ibrahim, Amir Kolb, Frederic L. McMullen, Michael S. Murphy, J. Paul Ohm, Herbert W. Rossnagel, Brian G. Yan, Weikai Miclaus, Kelci J. Hiller, Jordan Maughan, Peter J. Hulse, Rachel R. Redman Anderson, Joseph M. Islamovic, Emir Jackson, Eric W. TI SNP Discovery and Chromosome Anchoring Provide the First Physically-Anchored Hexaploid Oat Map and Reveal Synteny with Model Species SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; LINKAGE MAP; MONOSOMIC LINES; CULTIVATED OAT; CV KANOTA; GENOME; AVENA; MARKERS; WHEAT; IDENTIFICATION AB A physically anchored consensus map is foundational to modern genomics research; however, construction of such a map in oat (Avena sativa L., 2n = 6x = 42) has been hindered by the size and complexity of the genome, the scarcity of robust molecular markers, and the lack of aneuploid stocks. Resources developed in this study include a modified SNP discovery method for complex genomes, a diverse set of oat SNP markers, and a novel chromosome-deficient SNP anchoring strategy. These resources were applied to build the first complete, physically-anchored consensus map of hexaploid oat. Approximately 11,000 high-confidence in silico SNPs were discovered based on nine million inter-varietal sequence reads of genomic and cDNA origin. GoldenGate genotyping of 3,072 SNP assays yielded 1,311 robust markers, of which 985 were mapped in 390 recombinant-inbred lines from six bi-parental mapping populations ranging in size from 49 to 97 progeny. The consensus map included 985 SNPs and 68 previously-published markers, resolving 21 linkage groups with a total map distance of 1,838.8 cM. Consensus linkage groups were assigned to 21 chromosomes using SNP deletion analysis of chromosome-deficient monosomic hybrid stocks. Alignments with sequenced genomes of rice and Brachypodium provide evidence for extensive conservation of genomic regions, and renewed encouragement for orthology-based genomic discovery in this important hexaploid species. These results also provide a framework for high-resolution genetic analysis in oat, and a model for marker development and map construction in other species with complex genomes and limited resources. C1 [Oliver, Rebekah E.; Lutz, Joseph D.; Jackson, Eric W.] Gen Mills Crop Biosci, Kannapolis, NC USA. [Tinker, Nicholas A.; Wight, Charlene P.; Gardner, Kyle M.; Hattori, Jiro; Yan, Weikai] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Eastern Cereal & Oilseed Res Ctr, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Lazo, Gerard R.] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Chao, Shiaoman] USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Jellen, Eric N.; Maughan, Peter J.; Hulse, Rachel R. Redman] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Plant & Wildlife Sci, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Carson, Martin L.] USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN USA. [Rines, Howard W.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN USA. [Obert, Donald E.] Limagrain Cereal Seeds, Lafayette, IN USA. [Shackelford, Irene; Bonman, J. Michael] USDA ARS, Small Grains & Potato Germplasm Res Unit, Aberdeen, ID USA. [Korol, Abraham B.] Univ Haifa, Dept Evolutionary & Environm Biol, IL-31999 Haifa, Israel. [Korol, Abraham B.] Univ Haifa, Inst Evolut, IL-31999 Haifa, Israel. [Beattie, Aaron D.; Rossnagel, Brian G.] Univ Saskatchewan, Ctr Crop Dev, Dept Plant Sci, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W0, Canada. [Bjornstad, Asmund; Islamovic, Emir] Norwegian Univ Life Sci, Dept Plant & Environm Sci, As, Norway. [Jannink, Jean-Luc] USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Sorrells, Mark E.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY USA. [Brown-Guedira, Gina L.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Small Grains Genotyping Lab, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Fetch, Jennifer W. Mitchell] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Cereal Res Ctr, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. [Harrison, Stephen A.] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Plant Environm & Soil Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Howarth, Catherine J.] Aberystwyth Univ, Inst Biol Environm & Rural Sci, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, Wales. [Ibrahim, Amir] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Kolb, Frederic L.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL USA. [McMullen, Michael S.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Murphy, J. Paul] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Ohm, Herbert W.; Anderson, Joseph M.] Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Miclaus, Kelci J.; Hiller, Jordan] SAS Inst Inc, JMP, Cary, NC USA. RP Tinker, NA (reprint author), Agr & Agri Food Canada, Eastern Cereal & Oilseed Res Ctr, Ottawa, ON, Canada. EM Nick.Tinker@agr.gc.ca RI Lazo, Gerard/A-8900-2009; Maughan, Peter/G-1600-2013; OI Lazo, Gerard/0000-0002-9160-2052; Howarth, Catherine/0000-0001-9364-0880 FU United States Department of Agriculture National Food Research Initiative; North American Millers' Association; Prairie Oat Growers Association, General Mills Inc.; United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service CRIS project [301]; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; General Mills FX This work was funded by grants from the United States Department of Agriculture National Food Research Initiative, the North American Millers' Association, the Prairie Oat Growers Association, General Mills Inc., the United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service CRIS project 301, and by Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. Scientists REO and EWJ contributed to data collection, decision to publish, and preparation of the manuscript prior to employment at General Mills Inc., and these authors declare that the work presented was not in any way influenced by their current relationship with their employer. Staff scientist JDL from General Mills Inc. engaged in discussions leading to experimental design, and participated in manuscript preparation, but this was entirely limited to scientific input. Author DEO is currently employed at Limagrain Cereal Seeds, but contributed all work except for manuscript revision prior to this employment. Staff Scientists KJM and JH from SAS Institute Inc. contributed scientific input and data analysis. In no other way did the funders play a role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The funding from General Mills and the contributions of employees from General Mills, Limagrain and SAS does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.; Scientists REO and EWJ contributed to data collection, decision to publish, and preparation of the manuscript prior to employment at General Mills Inc., and these authors declare that the work presented was not in any way influenced by their current relationship with their employer. Staff scientist JDL from General Mills Inc. engaged in discussions leading to experimental design, and participated in manuscript preparation, but this was entirely limited to scientific input. Author DEO is currently employed at Limagrain Cereal Seeds, but contributed all work except for manuscript revision prior to this employment. The funding from General Mills and the contributions of employees from General Mills and Limagrain does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. NR 41 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 41 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 22 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 3 AR e58068 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0058068 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 111VQ UT WOS:000316549400017 PM 23533580 ER PT J AU Niaz, A Ahmad, W Zia, MH Malhi, SS AF Niaz, A. Ahmad, W. Zia, M. H. Malhi, S. S. TI RELATIONSHIP OF SOIL EXTRACTABLE AND FERTILIZER BORON TO SOME SOIL PROPERTIES, CROP YIELDS, AND TOTAL BORON IN COTTON AND WHEAT PLANTS ON SELECTED SOILS OF PUNJAB, PAKISTAN SO JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE B deficiency; Pakistan; soil analysis; plant analysis; B fertilization ID ORGANIC-MATTER; SEED QUALITY; DEFICIENCY; SASKATCHEWAN; DESORPTION; ADSORPTION; SORPTION AB Boron (B) is an essential microelement, which is necessary for reproductive organs including pollen tube formation in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and flowering and boll formation in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) The study was associated with wheat-cotton rotation in 80 farm fields, belonging to different soil series, in four districts of cotton belt of Punjab, Pakistan to assess concentrations of extractable B in soils [0.05 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) extractable B], and added fertilizer B and their relationship to some soil physico-chemical properties [pH, organic matter (OM), calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and clay content], yields and total B concentrations in wheat and cotton plants. All soils had alkaline pH (7.45 to 8.55), high CaCO3 content (2.14 to 8.65%), less than 1.0% OM (0.33 to 0.99%), low plant available-P (Olsen P less than 8 mg kg-1 soil) and medium ammonium acetate extractable potassium (K) (< 200 mg K kg-1 soil). Of the 80 soil samples, 65 samples (81%) were low in available B (<0.45 mg B kg-1, ranging from 0.11 to 0.43 mg B kg-1) Of the corresponding 80 plant samples, leaves B concentrations were below critical levels (<10 mg B kg-1 for wheat; <30 mg B kg-1 for cotton) for all the tested samples for wheat and cotton. The regression analysis between plant total B concentrations and soil extractable B concentrations showed strong linear positive relationships for both wheat (R2 = 0.509***, significant at P <0.001) and cotton (R2 = 0.525***, significant at P <0.001). Further regression analysis between extractable soil B and wheat grain yield as well as between wheat leaves total B and wheat grain yield also depicted strong linear relationships (R2 = 0.76 and 0.42, respectively). Boron fertilizer demonstration plots laid out at farmers fields low in extractable B, in each district not only enhanced grain yields of wheat crop but also contributed a significant increase towards seed cotton yield of succeeding cotton crop through residual B effect. In conclusion, the findings suggest that many soils in the cotton belt of Punjab may be low in extractable B for wheat and cotton, especially when these crops are grown on low OM soils with high CaCO3 content. C1 [Niaz, A.] Ayub Agr Res Inst, Faisalabad, Pakistan. [Ahmad, W.] Univ Sydney, Dept Environm Sci, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Zia, M. H.] Fauji Fertilizer Co Ltd, Res & Dev Sect, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. [Zia, M. H.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Malhi, S. S.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Melfort, SK, Canada. RP Ahmad, W (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Dept Environm Sci, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. EM waqar.ahmad@sydney.edu.au NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 45 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0190-4167 J9 J PLANT NUTR JI J. Plant Nutr. PD MAR 21 PY 2013 VL 36 IS 3 BP 343 EP 356 DI 10.1080/01904167.2012.744037 PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 071VE UT WOS:000313622900001 ER PT J AU DellaValle, DM Thavarajah, D Thavarajah, P Vandenberg, A Glahn, RP AF DellaValle, Diane M. Thavarajah, Dil Thavarajah, Pushparajah Vandenberg, Albert Glahn, Raymond P. TI Lentil (Lens culinaris L.) as a candidate crop for iron biofortification: Is there genetic potential for iron bioavailability? SO FIELD CROPS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Iron bioavailability; Lentils; Caco-2 cells; Biofortification ID PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS L.; VITRO DIGESTION/CACO-2 MODEL; POULTRY GALLUS-GALLUS; CELL-CULTURE MODEL; STAPLE FOOD CROPS; BEAN DIET PROVIDE; FE AVAILABILITY; TANNIC-ACID; MAIZE; ZINC AB Iron (Fe) deficiency is the most prevalent nutrient deficiency worldwide. Biofortification of staple food crops, such as the lentil (Lens culinaris L.), may be an effective solution. We analyzed the Fe concentration, Fe bioavailability, and phytic acid (PA) concentration of 23 lentil genotypes grown in five different locations in Saskatchewan, Canada. Relative Fe bioavailability, assessed using the in vitro digestion/Caco-2 cell model, varied significantly among the genotypes. Significant location effects were observed for Fe concentration, relative bioavailability, and PA concentration. Associations were observed between Fe concentration and PA concentration (r=0.55, p < 0.001), Fe concentration and relative Fe bioavailability (r = -0.41, p < 0.001), and Fe bioavailability and phytate content (r = -0.78, p < 0.001). These results demonstrate significant biofortification potential, and establish a baseline for relative Fe bioavailability in the lentil. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [DellaValle, Diane M.; Glahn, Raymond P.] USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Thavarajah, Dil; Thavarajah, Pushparajah] N Dakota State Univ, Sch Food Syst, Dept 7640, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Vandenberg, Albert] Univ Saskatchewan, Ctr Crop Dev, Coll Agr & Bioresources, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada. RP Glahn, RP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, 538 Tower Rd, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM dd235@cornell.edu; dilrukshi.thavarajah@ndsu.edu; pushparajah.thavaraj@ndsu.edu; bert.vandenberg@usask.ca; rpg3@cornell.edu OI DellaValle, Diane/0000-0002-3855-432X FU Saskatchewan Pulse Growers, Saskatoon, SK, Canada; North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA FX Support for this research was provided by the Saskatchewan Pulse Growers, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, and North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA. Special thanks to Brent Barlow, Vincent See and Desiree Lalonde at the University of Saskatchewan's Crop Development Centre for their support on this study. We also thank Yongpei Chang and Mary Bodis for their technical support in the USDA Nutrition Laboratory. NR 26 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4290 J9 FIELD CROP RES JI Field Crop. Res. PD MAR 20 PY 2013 VL 144 BP 119 EP 125 DI 10.1016/j.fcr.2013.01.002 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 129XF UT WOS:000317876600014 ER PT J AU McClure, M Kim, E Bickhart, D Null, D Cooper, T Cole, J Wiggans, G Ajmone-Marsan, P Colli, L Santus, E Liu, GE Schroeder, S Matukumalli, L Van Tassell, C Sonstegard, T AF McClure, Matthew Kim, Euisoo Bickhart, Derek Null, Daniel Cooper, Tabatha Cole, John Wiggans, George Ajmone-Marsan, Paolo Colli, Licia Santus, Enrico Liu, George E. Schroeder, Steve Matukumalli, Lakshmi Van Tassell, Curt Sonstegard, Tad TI Fine Mapping for Weaver Syndrome in Brown Swiss Cattle and the Identification of 41 Concordant Mutations across NRCAM, PNPLA8 and CTTNBP2 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID AMYOTROPHIC-LATERAL-SCLEROSIS; CELL-ADHESION; GENE; ASSOCIATION; CORTACTIN; PATHOLOGY; PROMOTER; REGIONS; DISEASE; SYSTEM AB Bovine Progressive Degenerative Myeloencephalopathy (Weaver Syndrome) is a recessive neurological disease that has been observed in the Brown Swiss cattle breed since the 1970's in North America and Europe. Bilateral hind leg weakness and ataxia appear in afflicted animals at 6 to 18 months of age, and slowly progresses to total loss of hind limb control by 3 to 4 years of age. While Weaver has previously been mapped to Bos taurus autosome (BTA) 4:46-56 Mb and a diagnostic test based on the 6 microsatellite (MS) markers is commercially available, neither the causative gene nor mutation has been identified; therefore misdiagnosis can occur due to recombination between the diagnostic MS markers and the causative mutation. Analysis of 34,980 BTA 4 SNPs genotypes derived from the Illumina BovineHD assay for 20 Brown Swiss Weaver carriers and 49 homozygous normal bulls refined the Weaver locus to 48-53 Mb. Genotyping of 153 SNPs, identified from whole genome sequencing of 10 normal and 10 carrier animals, across a validation set of 841 animals resulted in the identification of 41 diagnostic SNPs that were concordant with the disease. Except for one intergenic SNP all are associated with genes expressed in nervous tissues: 37 distal to NRCAM, one non-synonymous (serine to asparagine) in PNPLA8, one synonymous and one non-synonymous (lysine to glutamic acid) in CTTNBP2. Haplotype and imputation analyses of 7,458 Brown Swiss animals with Illumina BovineSNP50 data and the 41 diagnostic SNPs resulted in the identification of only one haplotype concordant with the Weaver phenotype. Use of this haplotype and the diagnostic SNPs more accurately identifies Weaver carriers in both Brown Swiss purebred and influenced herds. C1 [McClure, Matthew; Kim, Euisoo; Bickhart, Derek; Liu, George E.; Schroeder, Steve; Matukumalli, Lakshmi; Van Tassell, Curt; Sonstegard, Tad] ARS, USDA, ANRI, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Null, Daniel; Cooper, Tabatha; Cole, John; Wiggans, George] ARS, USDA, ANRI, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Ajmone-Marsan, Paolo; Colli, Licia] Univ Cattolica S Cuore Piacenza, Ist Zootecn, Piacenza, Italy. [Ajmone-Marsan, Paolo; Colli, Licia] Univ Cattolica S Cuore Piacenza, BioDNA Ctr Ric Biodiversita & DNA Ant, Piacenza, Italy. [Santus, Enrico] Italian Brown Swiss Assoc, Assoc Nazl Allevatori Bovini Razza Bruna, Bussolengo, Italy. RP Sonstegard, T (reprint author), ARS, USDA, ANRI, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM tad.sonstegard@ars.usda.gov RI Cole, John/J-8571-2014; OI Cole, John/0000-0003-1242-4401; Van Tassell, Curtis/0000-0002-8416-2087; Schroeder, Steven/0000-0001-9103-5150; Bickhart, Derek/0000-0003-2223-9285 FU Brown Swiss Association USA & Bovine Functional Genomics Lab - Internal Funds off CRIS [1265-31000-098-00D, 19T] FX Genotyping funding was provided from the Brown Swiss Association USA & Bovine Functional Genomics Lab - Internal Funds off CRIS 1265-31000-098-00D and 19T, Enhancing Genetic Merit of Dairy Cattle through Genome Selection and Analysis and Implementation of Whole Genome Selection in Brown Swiss Cattle, respectively. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 62 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 12 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 20 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 3 AR e59251 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0059251 PG 16 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 125SW UT WOS:000317562600065 PM 23527149 ER PT J AU She, PX Olson, KC Kadota, Y Inukai, A Shimomura, Y Hoppel, CL Adams, SH Kawamata, Y Matsumoto, H Sakai, R Lang, CH Lynch, CJ AF She, Pengxiang Olson, Kristine C. Kadota, Yoshihiro Inukai, Ayami Shimomura, Yoshiharu Hoppel, Charles L. Adams, Sean H. Kawamata, Yasuko Matsumoto, Hideki Sakai, Ryosei Lang, Charles H. Lynch, Christopher J. TI Leucine and Protein Metabolism in Obese Zucker Rats SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID BRANCHED-CHAIN AMINO; ACID DEHYDROGENASE KINASE; TYPE-2 DIABETES-MELLITUS; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; HYDROXYPROLINE EXCRETION; GLUCOSE-PRODUCTION; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; FATTY RATS; PLASMA AB Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are circulating nutrient signals for protein accretion, however, they increase in obesity and elevations appear to be prognostic of diabetes. To understand the mechanisms whereby obesity affects BCAAs and protein metabolism, we employed metabolomics and measured rates of [1-14C]-leucine metabolism, tissue-specific protein synthesis and branched-chain keto-acid (BCKA) dehydrogenase complex (BCKDC) activities. Male obese Zucker rats (11weeks old) had increased body weight (BW, 53%), liver (107%) and fat (, 300%), but lower plantaris and gastrocnemius masses (221-24%). Plasma BCAAs and BCKAs were elevated 45-69% and,100%, respectively, in obese rats. Processes facilitating these rises appeared to include increased dietary intake (23%), leucine (Leu) turnover and proteolysis [35% per g fat free mass (FFM), urinary markers of proteolysis: 3-methylhistidine (183%) and 4-hydroxyproline (766%)] and decreased BCKDC per g kidney, heart, gastrocnemius and liver (247-66%). A process disposing of circulating BCAAs, protein synthesis, was increased 23-29% by obesity in whole-body (FFM corrected), gastrocnemius and liver. Despite the observed decreases in BCKDC activities per gm tissue, rates of whole-body Leu oxidation in obese rats were 22% and 59% higher normalized to BW and FFM, respectively. Consistently, urinary concentrations of eight BCAA catabolism-derived acylcarnitines were also elevated. The unexpected increase in BCAA oxidation may be due to a substrate effect in liver. Supporting this idea, BCKAs were elevated more in liver (193-418%) than plasma or muscle, and per g losses of hepatic BCKDC activities were completely offset by increased liver mass, in contrast to other tissues. In summary, our results indicate that plasma BCKAs may represent a more sensitive metabolic signature for obesity than BCAAs. Processes supporting elevated BCAA] BCKAs in the obese Zucker rat include increased dietary intake, Leu and protein turnover along with impaired BCKDC activity. Elevated BCAAs/ BCKAs may contribute to observed elevations in protein synthesis and BCAA oxidation. C1 [She, Pengxiang; Olson, Kristine C.; Lang, Charles H.; Lynch, Christopher J.] Penn State Univ, Dept Cellular & Mol Physiol, Coll Med, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. [Kadota, Yoshihiro; Inukai, Ayami; Shimomura, Yoshiharu] Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Bioagr Sci, Dept Appl Mol Biosci, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Hoppel, Charles L.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Pharmacol, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Adams, Sean H.] Univ Calif Davis, Obes & Metab Res Unit, USDA ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Adams, Sean H.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Kawamata, Yasuko; Matsumoto, Hideki; Sakai, Ryosei] Ajinomoto Co Inc, Inst Innovat, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan. RP Lynch, CJ (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Cellular & Mol Physiol, Coll Med, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. EM clynch@psu.edu OI Lynch, Christopher/0000-0003-2453-5838; Lang, Charles/0000-0002-3260-7363 FU Pennsylvania Department of Health using Tobacco CURE Funds; NIH [DK091784, DK062880, GM38032, DK078328]; USDA-ARS intramural Project [5306-51530-019-00] FX This project is funded, in part, under a grant with the Pennsylvania Department of Health using Tobacco CURE Funds. The Department of Health specifically disclaims responsibility for any analyses, interpretations or conclusions. Support for this project was also provided by NIH (DK091784, DK062880, GM38032, DK078328) and USDA-ARS intramural Project 5306-51530-019-00 (to SHA). The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 94 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 27 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 20 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 3 AR e59443 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0059443 PG 19 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 125SW UT WOS:000317562600073 PM 23527196 ER PT J AU Grabber, JH Zeller, WE Mueller-Harvey, I AF Grabber, John H. Zeller, Wayne E. Mueller-Harvey, Irene TI Acetone Enhances the Direct Analysis of Procyanidin- and Prodelphinidin-Based Condensed Tannins in Lotus Species by the Butanol-HCl-Iron Assay SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Condensed tannins; proanthocyanidins; HCl-butanol assay; gel-state nuclear magnetic resonance; thiolysis; Lotus corniculatus; Lotus uliginosus ID TOF MS ANALYSIS; FORAGE; PROANTHOCYANIDINS; HPLC; NMR; LEAVES AB The butanol-HCl spectrophotometric assay is widely used for quantifying extractable and insoluble condensed tannins (CT, syn proanthocyanidins) in foods, feeds, and foliage of herbaceous and woody plants, but the method underestimates total CT content when applied directly to plant material. To improve CT quantitation, we tested various cosolvents with butanol-HCl and found that acetone increased anthocyanidin yields from two forage Lotus species having contrasting procyanidin and prodelphinidin compositions. A butanol-HCl iron assay run with 50% (v/v) acetone gave linear responses with Lotus CT standards and increased estimates of total CT in Lotus herbage and leaves by up to 32 fold over the conventional method run without acetone. The use of thiolysis to determine the purity of CT standards further improved quantitation. Gel state C-13 and H-1-C-13 HSQC NMR spectra of insoluble residues collected after butanol-HCl assays revealed that acetone increased anthocyanidin yields by facilitating complete solubilization of CT from tissue. C1 [Grabber, John H.; Zeller, Wayne E.] ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, USDA, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Mueller-Harvey, Irene] Univ Reading, Sch Agr Policy & Dev, Chem & Biochem Lab, Food Prod & Qual Div, Reading RG6 6AT, Berks, England. RP Grabber, JH (reprint author), ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, USDA, 1925 Linden Dr West, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM john.grabber@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS [58-3655-0-155F]; University of Reading, UK FX This work was funded in part by a USDA-ARS specific cooperative agreement #58-3655-0-155F with the University of Reading, UK. NR 33 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 5 U2 39 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAR 20 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 11 BP 2669 EP 2678 DI 10.1021/jf304158m PG 10 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 114WM UT WOS:000316773700012 PM 23383722 ER PT J AU Shelver, WL Tell, LA Wagner, S Wetzlich, SE Baynes, RE Riviere, JE Smith, DJ AF Shelver, Weilin L. Tell, Lisa A. Wagner, Sarah Wetzlich, Scott E. Baynes, Ronald E. Riviere, Jim E. Smith, David J. TI Comparison of ELISA and LC-MS/MS for the Measurement of Flunixin Plasma Concentrations in Beef Cattle after Intravenous and Subcutaneous Administration SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE cattle; flunixin; ELISA; pharmacokinetics; elimination; administration; concentration ID NONSTEROIDAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY DRUGS; BOVINE PLASMA; DAIRY-CATTLE; PHARMACOKINETICS; MEGLUMINE; RESIDUES; HEALTHY; COWS; PHARMACODYNAMICS; ENROFLOXACIN AB Eight cattle (288 +/- 22 kg) were treated with 2.2 mg/kg of body weight of flunixin free acid in a crossover design by subcutaneous (SC) and intravenous (IV) administration. After a minimum 1:10 dilution with 50 mM phosphate buffer, a commercial immunoassay was adapted to determine plasma concentrations of flunixin. The limit of detection was 0.42 ng/mL and the working range was 0.76-66.4 ng/mL when adjusted with the dilution factor. Plasma samples were extracted using mixed-mode cation exchange solid phase extraction prior to the LC-MS/MS analyses. The linear calibration curve for LC-MS/MS was 0.5-2000 ng/mL with a limit of detection of 0.1 ng/mL for flunixin and 03 ng/mL for 5-hydroxy flunixin. Flunixin concentrations determined using the ELISAs were compared to concentrations derived from the same samples using LC-MS/MS analyses. Pharmacokinetic parameters of time versus concentration data from each analysis were estimated and compared. Differences (P < 0.05) in estimates of area under the curve, volume of distribution, and clearance were apparent between ELISA and LC-MS/MS analyses after IV dosing; after SC dosing, however, there were no differences among the estimated parameters between the two methods. Quantitative immunoassay was a satisfactory method of flunixin analysis and that it would be difficult to differentiate routes of administration in healthy beef cattle based on the plasma elimination profile of flunixin after IV or SC administration. C1 [Shelver, Weilin L.; Smith, David J.] ARS, USDA, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Tell, Lisa A.; Wetzlich, Scott E.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Med & Epidemiol, FARAD, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Wagner, Sarah] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Baynes, Ronald E.; Riviere, Jim E.] N Carolina State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Populat Hlth & Pathobiol, FARAD, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. RP Shelver, WL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Biosci Res Lab, 1605 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM Weilin.Shelver@ars.usda.gov; David.j.Smith@ars.usda.gov RI Riviere, Jim/A-9210-2008 OI Riviere, Jim/0000-0001-8412-9650 NR 35 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 22 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAR 20 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 11 BP 2679 EP 2686 DI 10.1021/jf304773p PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 114WM UT WOS:000316773700013 PM 23470029 ER PT J AU Wang, ML Chen, CY Tonnis, B Barkley, NA Pinnow, DL Pittman, RN Davis, J Holbrook, CC Stalker, HT Pederson, GA AF Wang, Ming Li Chen, Charles Y. Tonnis, Brandon Barkley, Noelle A. Pinnow, David L. Pittman, Roy N. Davis, Jerry Holbrook, C. Corley Stalker, H. Thomas Pederson, Gary A. TI Oil, Fatty Acid, Flavonoid, and Resveratrol Content Variability and FAD2A Functional SNP Genotypes in the US Peanut Mini-Core Collection SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.); seed chemical composition; variability; nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR); gas chromatography (GC); high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); gene for fatty acid desaturase (FAD2); real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR); single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP); oleic/linoleic acid (O/L) ratio ID ARACHIS-HYPOGAEA L.; GERMPLASM COLLECTION; PROFILES AB Peanut seeds contain high amounts of oil and protein as well as some useful bioactive phytochemicals which can contribute to human health. The U.S. peanut mini-core collection is an important genetic resource for improving seed quality and developing new cultivars. Variability of seed chemical composition within the mini-core was evaluated from freshly harvested seeds for two years. Oil, fatty acid composition, and flavonoid/resveratrol content were quantified by NMR, GC, and HPLC, respectively. Significant variability was detected in seed chemical composition among accessions and botanical varieties. Accessions were further genotyped with a functional SNP marker from the FAD2A gene using real-time PCR and classified into three genotypes with significantly different OIL ratios: wild type (G/G with a low OIL ratio <1.7), heterozygote (G/A with O/L ratio >1.4 but <1.7), and mutant (A/A with a high OIL ratio >1.7). The results from real-time PCR genotyping and GC fatty acid analysis were consistent. Accessions with high amounts of oil, quercetin, high seed weight, and O/L ratio were identified. The results from this study may be useful not only for peanut breeders, food processors, and product consumers to select suitable accessions or cultivars but also for curators to potentially expand the mini-core collection. C1 [Wang, Ming Li; Tonnis, Brandon; Barkley, Noelle A.; Pinnow, David L.; Pittman, Roy N.; Pederson, Gary A.] USDA ARS, Plant Genet Resources Conservat Unit, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. [Chen, Charles Y.] Auburn Univ, Dept Agron & Soils, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Davis, Jerry] Univ Georgia, Dept Expt Stat, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. [Holbrook, C. Corley] Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Stalker, H. Thomas] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Wang, ML (reprint author), USDA ARS, Plant Genet Resources Conservat Unit, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. EM mingli.wang@ars.usda.gov RI Barkley, Noelle/C-5815-2008 NR 33 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 39 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAR 20 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 11 BP 2875 EP 2882 DI 10.1021/jf305208e PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 114WM UT WOS:000316773700036 PM 23379758 ER PT J AU Hou, HM Li, J Gao, M Singer, SD Wang, H Mao, LY Fei, ZJ Wang, XP AF Hou, Hongmin Li, Jun Gao, Min Singer, Stacy D. Wang, Hao Mao, Linyong Fei, Zhangjun Wang, Xiping TI Genomic Organization, Phylogenetic Comparison and Differential Expression of the SBP-Box Family Genes in Grape SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR FAMILY; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; WIDE IDENTIFICATION; ANTIRRHINUM-MAJUS; METHYL JASMONATE; SHOOT MATURATION; STRESS RESPONSES; DUPLICATE GENES; ABSCISIC-ACID; SALT-STRESS AB Background: The SBP-box gene family is specific to plants and encodes a class of zinc finger-containing transcription factors with a broad range of functions. Although SBP-box genes have been identified in numerous plants including green algae, moss, silver birch, snapdragon, Arabidopsis, rice and maize, there is little information concerning SBP-box genes, or the corresponding miR156/157, function in grapevine. Methodology/Principal Findings: Eighteen SBP-box gene family members were identified in Vitis vinifera, twelve of which bore sequences that were complementary to miRNA156/157. Phylogenetic reconstruction demonstrated that plant SBP-domain proteins could be classified into seven subgroups, with the V. vinifera SBP-domain proteins being more closely related to SBP-domain proteins from dicotyledonous angiosperms than those from monocotyledonous angiosperms. In addition, synteny analysis between grape and Arabidopsis demonstrated that homologs of several grape SBP genes were found in corresponding syntenic blocks of Arabidopsis. Expression analysis of the grape SBP-box genes in various organs and at different stages of fruit development in V. quinquangularis 'Shang-24' revealed distinct spatiotemporal patterns. While the majority of the grape SBP-box genes lacking a miR156/157 target site were expressed ubiquitously and constitutively, most genes bearing a miR156/157 target site exhibited distinct expression patterns, possibly due to the inhibitory role of the microRNA. Furthermore, microarray data mining and quantitative real-time RT-PCR analysis identified several grape SBP-box genes that are potentially involved in the defense against biotic and abiotic stresses. Conclusion: The results presented here provide a further understanding of SBP-box gene function in plants, and yields additional insights into the mechanism of stress management in grape, which may have important implications for the future success of this crop. C1 [Hou, Hongmin; Li, Jun; Gao, Min; Wang, Hao; Wang, Xiping] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Hort, State Key Lab Crop Stress Biol Arid Areas, Yangling, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Hou, Hongmin; Li, Jun; Gao, Min; Wang, Hao; Wang, Xiping] Northwest A&F Univ, Minist Agr, Key Lab Hort Plant Biol & Germplasm Innovat North, Yangling, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Singer, Stacy D.] Univ Alberta, Dept Agr Food & Nutr Sci, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Mao, Linyong; Fei, Zhangjun] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Fei, Zhangjun] USDA Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY USA. RP Wang, XP (reprint author), Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Hort, State Key Lab Crop Stress Biol Arid Areas, Yangling, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM wangxiping@nwsuaf.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31071782, 30671446]; 948 Project from Ministry of Agriculture of China [2012-S12]; Chinese Universities Scientific Fund [QN2011056] FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31071782 and 30671446), 948 Project from Ministry of Agriculture of China (2012-S12) and Chinese Universities Scientific Fund (QN2011056). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 87 TC 25 Z9 32 U1 5 U2 62 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 19 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 3 AR e59358 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0059358 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 125SR UT WOS:000317562100116 PM 23527172 ER PT J AU Jiang, ZH Zhou, X Michal, JJ Wu, XL Zhang, LF Zhang, M Ding, B Liu, B Manoranjan, VS Neill, JD Harhay, GP Kehrli, ME Miller, LC AF Jiang, Zhihua Zhou, Xiang Michal, Jennifer J. Wu, Xiao-Lin Zhang, Lifan Zhang, Ming Ding, Bo Liu, Bang Manoranjan, Valipuram S. Neill, John D. Harhay, Gregory P. Kehrli, Marcus E., Jr. Miller, Laura C. TI Reactomes of Porcine Alveolar Macrophages Infected with Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ANTIBODY REPERTOIRE DEVELOPMENT; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; GENE-EXPRESSION; INNATE IMMUNITY; MARC-145 CELLS; PRRS VIRUS; PROINFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES; SERIAL ANALYSIS; IN-VITRO; B-CELLS AB Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) has devastated pig industries worldwide for many years. It is caused by a small RNA virus (PRRSV), which targets almost exclusively pig monocytes or macrophages. In the present study, five SAGE (serial analysis of gene expression) libraries derived from 0 hour mock-infected and 6, 12, 16 and 24 hours PRRSV-infected porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) produced a total 643,255 sequenced tags with 91,807 unique tags. Differentially expressed (DE) tags were then detected using the Bayesian framework followed by gene/mRNA assignment, arbitrary selection and manual annotation, which determined 699 DE genes for reactome analysis. The DAVID, KEGG and REACTOME databases assigned 573 of the DE genes into six biological systems, 60 functional categories and 504 pathways. The six systems are: cellular processes, genetic information processing, environmental information processing, metabolism, organismal systems and human diseases as defined by KEGG with modification. Self-organizing map (SOM) analysis further grouped these 699 DE genes into ten clusters, reflecting their expression trends along these five time points. Based on the number one functional category in each system, cell growth and death, transcription processes, signal transductions, energy metabolism, immune system and infectious diseases formed the major reactomes of PAMs responding to PRRSV infection. Our investigation also focused on dominant pathways that had at least 20 DE genes identified, multi-pathway genes that were involved in 10 or more pathways and exclusively-expressed genes that were included in one system. Overall, our present study reported a large set of DE genes, compiled a comprehensive coverage of pathways, and revealed system-based reactomes of PAMs infected with PRRSV. We believe that our reactome data provides new insight into molecular mechanisms involved in host genetic complexity of antiviral activities against PRRSV and lays a strong foundation for vaccine development to control PRRS incidence in pigs. C1 [Jiang, Zhihua; Zhou, Xiang; Michal, Jennifer J.; Zhang, Lifan; Zhang, Ming; Ding, Bo] Washington State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Wu, Xiao-Lin] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Dairy Sci, Madison, WI USA. [Liu, Bang] Huazhong Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Manoranjan, Valipuram S.] Washington State Univ, Dept Math, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Neill, John D.] ARS, Ruminant Dis & Immunol Res Unit, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA USA. [Harhay, Gregory P.] ARS, Anim Hlth Res Unit, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, USDA, Clay Ctr, NE USA. [Kehrli, Marcus E., Jr.; Miller, Laura C.] ARS, Virus & Prion Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. RP Jiang, ZH (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM jiangz@wsu.edu; laura.miller@ars.usda.gov RI Jiang, Zhihua/A-3378-2008; OI Jiang, Zhihua/0000-0003-1986-088X; Miller, Laura/0000-0002-8946-9416 FU National Pork Board [06-122]; USDA [2008-55620-19132]; China Scholarship Council FX This work was supported by the National Pork Board #06-122, USDA ARS and PRRS CAP, USDA NIFA Award 2008-55620-19132. Mr. Xiang Zhou is recipient of the China Scholarship Council assistantship for a joint Ph.D. program between Washington State University, USA and Huazhong Agricultural University, China. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 64 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 9 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 19 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 3 AR e59229 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0059229 PG 31 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 125SR UT WOS:000317562100095 PM 23527143 ER PT J AU Knyazikhin, Y Lewis, P Disney, MI Stenberg, P Mottus, M Rautiainen, M Kaufmann, RK Marshak, A Schull, MA Carmona, PL Vanderbilt, V Davis, AB Baret, F Jacquemoud, S Lyapustin, A Yang, Y Myneni, RB AF Knyazikhin, Yuri Lewis, Philip Disney, Mathias I. Stenberg, Pauline Mottus, Matti Rautiainen, Miina Kaufmann, Robert K. Marshak, Alexander Schull, Mitchell A. Latorre Carmona, Pedro Vanderbilt, Vern Davis, Anthony B. Baret, Frederic Jacquemoud, Stephane Lyapustin, Alexei Yang, Yan Myneni, Ranga B. TI Reply toTownsend et al.: Decoupling contributions from canopy structure and leaf optics is critical for remote sensing leaf biochemistry SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Letter ID NITROGEN; ALBEDO C1 [Knyazikhin, Yuri; Kaufmann, Robert K.; Yang, Yan; Myneni, Ranga B.] Boston Univ, Dept Earth & Environm, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Lewis, Philip; Disney, Mathias I.] UCL, Dept Geog, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Lewis, Philip; Disney, Mathias I.] UCL, Natl Ctr Earth Observat, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Stenberg, Pauline; Rautiainen, Miina] Univ Helsinki, Dept Forest Sci, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Mottus, Matti] Univ Helsinki, Dept Geosci & Geog, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Marshak, Alexander; Lyapustin, Alexei] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Climate & Radiat Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Schull, Mitchell A.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Latorre Carmona, Pedro] Univ Jaume 1, Dept Lenguajes & Sistemas Informat, Castellon de La Plana 12071, Spain. [Vanderbilt, Vern] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Biospher Sci Branch, Div Earth Sci, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Davis, Anthony B.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Baret, Frederic] Inst Natl Rech Agronom Site Agroparc, Unite Mixte Rech Environm Mediterraneen & Modelis, F-84914 Avignon, France. [Jacquemoud, Stephane] Univ Paris Diderot, Unite Mixte Rech, Ctr Natl Rech Sci, Inst Phys Globe Paris Sorbonne Paris Cite, F-75013 Paris, France. RP Knyazikhin, Y (reprint author), Boston Univ, Dept Earth & Environm, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM jknjazi@bu.edu RI Disney, Mathias/C-1889-2008; Jacquemoud, Stephane/F-8842-2010; Rautiainen, Miina/A-4208-2009; Mottus, Matti/A-4130-2009; Marshak, Alexander/D-5671-2012; Lyapustin, Alexei/H-9924-2014; Myneni, Ranga/F-5129-2012; Baret, Fred/C-4135-2011 OI Rautiainen, Miina/0000-0002-6568-3258; Mottus, Matti/0000-0002-2745-1966; Lyapustin, Alexei/0000-0003-1105-5739; Baret, Fred/0000-0002-7655-8997 NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 28 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAR 19 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 12 BP E1075 EP E1075 DI 10.1073/pnas.1301247110 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 125EK UT WOS:000317521600002 PM 23630977 ER PT J AU Wang, YM Kinraide, TB Wang, P Zhou, DM Hao, XZ AF Wang, Yi-Min Kinraide, Thomas B. Wang, Peng Zhou, Dong-Mei Hao, Xiu-Zhen TI Modeling Rhizotoxicity and Uptake of Zn and Co Singly and in Binary Mixture in Wheat in Terms of the Cell Membrane Surface Electrical Potential SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BIOTIC LIGAND MODEL; CONCENTRATION ADDITION; INDEPENDENT ACTION; SOLUTION CULTURE; METAL TOXICITY; ZINC; COPPER; CADMIUM; COBALT; GROWTH AB The usually negative, but variable electrical potential (psi(0)) at the cell membrane (CM) surface influences the surface activities of free ions and the electrical driving force for the transport of ions across the CM. The rhizotoxic effects and uptake of Zn2+ and Co2+ singly and in binary mixture in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at three pH values (4.5, 5.5, or 6.1) were examined in terms of the free ion activities of Zn2+, Co2+, and H+ at the CM surface (these ions are denoted {Mn+}(0)). Toxicity and uptake of Zn2+ or Co2+ singly to roots were better correlated with {M2+}(0) than with their bulk-phase activities. Studies of toxicant interactions using the electrostatic approach and a response-multiplication model for toxicant mixtures indicated that {Co2+}(0) significantly enhanced the toxicity of {Zn2+}(0), but {Zn2+}(0) did not significantly affect the toxicity of {Co2+}(0). {H+}(0) substantially enhanced the toxicity of both metal ions. Taking psi(o) into account improved the correspondence (denoted r(2)) between observed and predicted uptake of both Zn2+ and Co2+, and each inhibited the uptake of the other. Results showed that r(2) increased from 0.776 to 0.936 for Zn uptake and improved from 0.805 to 0.951 for Co uptake. Thus electrostatic models for metal toxicity and uptake proved superior to models incorporating only bulk-phase activities of ions. C1 [Wang, Yi-Min; Zhou, Dong-Mei; Hao, Xiu-Zhen] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Soil Environm & Pollut Remediat, Inst Soil Sci, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Kinraide, Thomas B.] ARS, USDA, Beaver, WV 25813 USA. [Wang, Peng] Univ Queensland, Sch Agr & Food Sci, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia. [Wang, Yi-Min] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. RP Zhou, DM (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Soil Environm & Pollut Remediat, Inst Soil Sci, 71 East Beijing Rd, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM tom@kinraide.net; dmzhou@issas.ac.cn RI Wang, Peng/E-2008-2012 OI Wang, Peng/0000-0001-8622-8767 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31172034, 41125007] FX This work was supported financially by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31172034; 41125007). NR 33 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 4 U2 58 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD MAR 19 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 6 BP 2831 EP 2838 DI 10.1021/es3022107 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 112LP UT WOS:000316594000051 PM 23405885 ER PT J AU Bradford, SA Torkzaban, S AF Bradford, Scott A. Torkzaban, Saeed TI Colloid Interaction Energies for Physically and Chemically Heterogeneous Porous Media SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID MICROMETER-SCALE PARTICLES; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; SURFACE-ROUGHNESS; DLVO INTERACTION; FILTRATION THEORY; PATCHY SURFACES; FLAT-PLATE; ADHESION; DEPOSITION; MODEL AB The mean and variance of the colloid interaction energy (Phi*) as a function of separation distance (h) were calculated on physically and/or chemically heterogeneous solid surfaces at the representative elementary area (REA) scale. Nanoscale roughness was demonstrated to have a significant influence on the colloid interaction energy for different ionic strengths. Increasing the roughness height reduced the magnitude of the energy barrier (Phi(max)*) and the secondary minimum (Phi(2min)*). Conversely, increasing the fraction of the solid surface with roughness increased the magnitude of Phi(max)* and Phi(2min)*. Our results suggest that primary minimum interactions tend to occur in cases where only a portion of the solid surface was covered with roughness (i.e., isolated roughness pillars), but their depths were shallow as a result of Born repulsion. The secondary minimum was strongest on smooth surfaces. The variance in the interaction energy was also a strong function of roughness parameters and h. In particular, the variance tended to increase with the colloid size, the magnitude of Phi*, the height of the roughness, and especially the size (cross-sectional area) of the heterogeneity. Nonzero values of the variance for Phi(2min)* implied the presence of a tangential component of the adhesive force and a resisting torque that controls immobilization and release for colloids at this location. Heterogeneity reduced the magnitude of Phi* in comparison to the corresponding homogeneous situation. Physical heterogeneity had a greater influence on mean properties of Phi* than similar amounts of chemical heterogeneity, but the largest reduction occurred on surfaces with both physical and chemical heterogeneity. The variance in Phi* tended to be higher for a chemically heterogeneous solid. C1 [Bradford, Scott A.] ARS, US Salin Lab, USDA, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Torkzaban, Saeed] CSIRO Land & Water, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia. RP Bradford, SA (reprint author), ARS, US Salin Lab, USDA, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM Scott.Bradford@ars.usda.gov RI Torkzaban, Saeed/G-7377-2013 OI Torkzaban, Saeed/0000-0002-5146-9461 FU USDA, ARS, NP [214] FX This research was supported by the USDA, ARS, NP 214. NR 53 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 2 U2 47 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD MAR 19 PY 2013 VL 29 IS 11 BP 3668 EP 3676 DI 10.1021/la400229f PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 106TU UT WOS:000316168400019 PM 23437902 ER PT J AU Khajuria, C Williams, CE El Bouhssini, M Whitworth, RJ Richards, S Stuart, JJ Chen, MS AF Khajuria, Chitvan Williams, Christie E. El Bouhssini, Mustapha Whitworth, R. Jeff Richards, Stephen Stuart, Jeffrey J. Chen, Ming-Shun TI Deep sequencing and genome-wide analysis reveals the expansion of MicroRNA genes in the gall midge Mayetiola destructor SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID HESSIAN FLY DIPTERA; SMALL RNAS; WHEAT; CECIDOMYIIDAE; EXPRESSION; RESISTANCE; ATTACK; BIOGENESIS; METABOLISM; PREDICTION AB Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that play critical roles in regulating post transcriptional gene expression. Gall midges encompass a large group of insects that are of economic importance and also possess fascinating biological traits. The gall midge Mayetiola destructor, commonly known as the Hessian fly, is a destructive pest of wheat and model organism for studying gall midge biology and insect - host plant interactions. Results: In this study, we systematically analyzed miRNAs from the Hessian fly. Deep-sequencing a Hessian fly larval transcriptome led to the identification of 89 miRNA species that are either identical or very similar to known miRNAs from other insects, and 184 novel miRNAs that have not been reported from other species. A genome-wide search through a draft Hessian fly genome sequence identified a total of 611 putative miRNA-encoding genes based on sequence similarity and the existence of a stem-loop structure for miRNA precursors. Analysis of the 611 putative genes revealed a striking feature: the dramatic expansion of several miRNA gene families. The largest family contained 91 genes that encoded 20 different miRNAs. Microarray analyses revealed the expression of miRNA genes was strictly regulated during Hessian fly larval development and abundance of many miRNA genes were affected by host genotypes. Conclusion: The identification of a large number of miRNAs for the first time from a gall midge provides a foundation for further studies of miRNA functions in gall midge biology and behavior. The dramatic expansion of identical or similar miRNAs provides a unique system to study functional relations among miRNA iso-genes as well as changes in sequence specificity due to small changes in miRNAs and in their mRNA targets. These results may also facilitate the identification of miRNA genes for potential pest control through transgenic approaches. C1 [Khajuria, Chitvan; Whitworth, R. Jeff; Chen, Ming-Shun] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66056 USA. [Williams, Christie E.] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, W Lafayette, IN 47097 USA. [Williams, Christie E.; Stuart, Jeffrey J.] Purdue Univ, Dept Entomol, W Lafayette, IN 47097 USA. [El Bouhssini, Mustapha] Int Ctr Agr Res Dry Area, Aleppo, Syria. [Richards, Stephen] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol & Human Genet, Human Genome Sequencing Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Chen, Ming-Shun] Kansas State Univ, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, USDA ARS, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Chen, MS (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Entomol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM mchen@ksu.edu FU NIFA grant from the U.S. Department of Agriculture [USDA NIFA 2010-03741] FX Hessian fly voucher specimens (No. 150) are located in the KSU Museum of Entomological and Prairie Arthropod Research, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas. This work was supported by a NIFA grant from the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA NIFA 2010-03741). Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 37 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 6 U2 41 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD MAR 18 PY 2013 VL 14 AR 187 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-14-187 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 113QX UT WOS:000316683900001 PM 23496979 ER PT J AU Tesfaye, M Silverstein, KAT Nallu, S Wang, L Botanga, CJ Gomez, SK Costa, LM Harrison, MJ Samac, DA Glazebrook, J Katagiri, F Gutierrez-Marcos, JF VandenBosch, KA AF Tesfaye, Mesfin Silverstein, Kevin A. T. Nallu, Sumitha Wang, Lin Botanga, Christopher J. Gomez, S. Karen Costa, Liliana M. Harrison, Maria J. Samac, Deborah A. Glazebrook, Jane Katagiri, Fumiaki Gutierrez-Marcos, Jose F. VandenBosch, Kathryn A. TI Spatio-Temporal Expression Patterns of Arabidopsis thaliana and Medicago truncatula Defensin-Like Genes SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CDNA MICROARRAY DATA; SELF-INCOMPATIBILITY; PLANT DEFENSINS; NORMALIZATION METHODS; INNATE IMMUNITY; BRASSICA; POLLEN; PATHOGENS; JASMONATE; PEPTIDES AB Plant genomes contain several hundred defensin-like (DEFL) genes that encode short cysteine-rich proteins resembling defensins, which are well known antimicrobial polypeptides. Little is known about the expression patterns or functions of many DEFLs because most were discovered recently and hence are not well represented on standard microarrays. We designed a custom Affymetrix chip consisting of probe sets for 317 and 684 DEFLs from Arabidopsis thaliana and Medicago truncatula, respectively for cataloging DEFL expression in a variety of plant organs at different developmental stages and during symbiotic and pathogenic associations. The microarray analysis provided evidence for the transcription of 71% and 90% of the DEFLs identified in Arabidopsis and Medicago, respectively, including many of the recently annotated DEFL genes that previously lacked expression information. Both model plants contain a subset of DEFLs specifically expressed in seeds or fruits. A few DEFLs, including some plant defensins, were significantly up-regulated in Arabidopsis leaves inoculated with Alternaria brassicicola or Pseudomonas syringae pathogens. Among these, some were dependent on jasmonic acid signaling or were associated with specific types of immune responses. There were notable differences in DEFL gene expression patterns between Arabidopsis and Medicago, as the majority of Arabidopsis DEFLs were expressed in inflorescences, while only a few exhibited root-enhanced expression. By contrast, Medicago DEFLs were most prominently expressed in nitrogen-fixing root nodules. Thus, our data document salient differences in DEFL temporal and spatial expression between Arabidopsis and Medicago, suggesting distinct signaling routes and distinct roles for these proteins in the two plant species. C1 [Tesfaye, Mesfin; Silverstein, Kevin A. T.; Nallu, Sumitha; Wang, Lin; Glazebrook, Jane; Katagiri, Fumiaki; VandenBosch, Kathryn A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Biol, St Paul, MN USA. [Botanga, Christopher J.] Chicago State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Chicago, IL USA. [Gomez, S. Karen; Harrison, Maria J.] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Costa, Liliana M.] Univ Oxford, Dept Plant Sci, Oxford, England. [Costa, Liliana M.; Gutierrez-Marcos, Jose F.] Univ Warwick, Sch Life Sci, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Samac, Deborah A.] ARS, USDA, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN USA. RP Samac, DA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN USA. EM dasamac@umn.edu RI Nallu, Sumitha/D-5382-2017; OI Glazebrook, Jane/0000-0001-5167-736X; Katagiri, Fumiaki/0000-0001-6893-3788 FU National Science Foundation [IOB-0516811, IOB-0419648]; University of Minnesota, College of Biological Sciences; Royal Society; Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-05ER15670] FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation award IOB-0516811 to K.A.T.S. and K.A.V., by funds from the University of Minnesota, College of Biological Sciences to K.A.V., and by funds from The Royal Society to J.F.G.-M. Preparation of A. brassicicola- and P. syringae-inoculated samples was supported by grants from the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy (DE-FG02-05ER15670) and National Science Foundation (IOB-0419648), respectively, to J.G. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 79 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 48 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 18 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 3 AR e58992 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0058992 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 109ZS UT WOS:000316411600022 PM 23527067 ER PT J AU Hamon, C Coyne, CJ McGee, RJ Lesne, A Esnault, R Mangin, P Herve, M Le Goff, I Deniot, G Roux-Duparque, M Morin, G McPhee, KE Delourme, R Baranger, A Pilet-Nayel, ML AF Hamon, Celine Coyne, Clarice J. McGee, Rebecca J. Lesne, Angelique Esnault, Robert Mangin, Pierre Herve, Marie Le Goff, Isabelle Deniot, Gwenaelle Roux-Duparque, Martine Morin, Gerard McPhee, Kevin E. Delourme, Regine Baranger, Alain Pilet-Nayel, Marie-Laure TI QTL meta-analysis provides a comprehensive view of loci controlling partial resistance to Aphanomyces euteiches in four sources of resistance in pea SO BMC PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aphanomyces root rot; Pisum sativum; Meta-QTL; QTL diversity; Consistent genomic regions; Resistance alleles; Undesirable alleles ID QUANTITATIVE-TRAIT LOCI; PISUM-SATIVUM-L; ROOT-ROT; DISEASE RESISTANCE; GENETIC ARCHITECTURE; MEDICAGO-TRUNCATULA; CANDIDATE GENES; MYCOSPHAERELLA-PINODES; CONFERRING RESISTANCE; PLANT-RESISTANCE AB Background: Development of durable plant genetic resistance to pathogens through strategies of QTL pyramiding and diversification requires in depth knowledge of polygenic resistance within the available germplasm. Polygenic partial resistance to Aphanomyces root rot, caused by Aphanomyces euteiches, one of the most damaging pathogens of pea worldwide, was previously dissected in individual mapping populations. However, there are no data available regarding the diversity of the resistance QTL across a broader collection of pea germplasm. In this study, we performed a meta-analysis of Aphanomyces root rot resistance QTL in the four main sources of resistance in pea and compared their genomic localization with genes/QTL controlling morphological or phenological traits and with putative candidate genes. Results: Meta-analysis, conducted using 244 individual QTL reported previously in three mapping populations (Puget x 90-2079, Baccara x PI180693 and Baccara x 552) and in a fourth mapping population in this study (DSP x 90-2131), resulted in the identification of 27 meta-QTL for resistance to A. euteiches. Confidence intervals of meta-QTL were, on average, reduced four-fold compared to mean confidence intervals of individual QTL. Eleven consistent meta-QTL, which highlight seven highly consistent genomic regions, were identified. Few meta-QTL specificities were observed among mapping populations, suggesting that sources of resistance are not independent. Seven resistance meta-QTL, including six of the highly consistent genomic regions, co-localized with six of the meta-QTL identified in this study for earliness and plant height and with three morphological genes (Af, A, R). Alleles contributing to the resistance were often associated with undesirable alleles for dry pea breeding. Candidate genes underlying six main meta-QTL regions were identified using colinearity between the pea and Medicago truncatula genomes. Conclusions: QTL meta-analysis provided an overview of the moderately low diversity of loci controlling partial resistance to A. euteiches in four main sources of resistance in pea. Seven highly consistent genomic regions with potential use in marker-assisted-selection were identified. Confidence intervals at several main QTL regions were reduced and co-segregation among resistance and morphological/phenological alleles was identified. Further work will be required to identify the best combinations of QTL for durably increasing partial resistance to A. euteiches. C1 [Hamon, Celine; Lesne, Angelique; Esnault, Robert; Herve, Marie; Le Goff, Isabelle; Deniot, Gwenaelle; Morin, Gerard; Delourme, Regine; Baranger, Alain; Pilet-Nayel, Marie-Laure] INRA, IGEPP, UMR1349, F-35653 Le Rheu, France. [Coyne, Clarice J.] Washington State Univ, USDA, ARS, Western Reg Plant Intro Stn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [McGee, Rebecca J.] ARS, USDA, Grain Legume Genet & Physiol Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Mangin, Pierre] INRA, Domaine Expt Epoisses, UE0115, F-21110 Bretenieres, France. [Roux-Duparque, Martine] Domaine Brunehaut, GSP, F-80200 Estrees Mons, France. [McPhee, Kevin E.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept 7670, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. RP Pilet-Nayel, ML (reprint author), INRA, IGEPP, UMR1349, F-35653 Le Rheu, France. EM Marie-Laure.Pilet@rennes.inra.fr RI UMR IGEPP, INRA/A-4054-2011 FU INRA; Departement de Genetique et Amelioration des Plantes (France); MAP (Ministere de l'Agriculture et de la peche, Paris, France); UNIP (Union Nationale Interprofessionnelle des Plantes riches en proteines, Paris, France) FX This work was funded by a pre-doctoral fellowship (Celine Hamon) from INRA, Departement de Genetique et Amelioration des Plantes (France), MAP (Ministere de l'Agriculture et de la peche, Paris, France) and UNIP (Union Nationale Interprofessionnelle des Plantes riches en proteines, Paris, France), which we greatly acknowledge. NR 82 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 53 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2229 J9 BMC PLANT BIOL JI BMC Plant Biol. PD MAR 16 PY 2013 VL 13 AR 45 DI 10.1186/1471-2229-13-45 PG 19 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 159KP UT WOS:000320044600001 PM 23497245 ER PT J AU Sammataro, D Weiss, M AF Sammataro, Diana Weiss, Milagra TI Comparison of productivity of colonies of honey bees, Apis mellifera, supplemented with sucrose or high fructose corn syrup SO JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE feeding bees ID DEPENDENT ROLE CHANGE; FEEDING SUGAR SYRUP; HYPOPHARYNGEAL GLAND; CONSUMPTION; EXPRESSION; FOOD; L.; ADULTERATION; HYMENOPTERA; PERFORMANCE AB Honey bee colony feeding trials were conducted to determine whether differential effects of carbohydrate feeding (sucrose syrup (SS) vs. high fructose corn syrup, or HFCS) could be measured between colonies fed exclusively on these syrups. In one experiment, there was a significant difference in mean wax production between the treatment groups and a significant interaction between time and treatment for the colonies confined in a flight arena. On average, the colonies supplied with SS built 7916.7 cm(2) +/- 1015.25 cm(2) honeycomb, while the colonies supplied with HFCS built 4571.63 cm(2) +/- 786.45 cm(2). The mean mass of bees supplied with HFCS was 4.65 kg (+/- 0.97 kg), while those supplied with sucrose had a mean of 8.27 kg (+/- 1.26). There was no significant difference between treatment groups in terms of brood rearing. Differences in brood production were complicated due to possible nutritional deficiencies experienced by both treatment groups. In the second experiment, colonies supplemented with SS through the winter months at a remote field site exhibited increased spring brood production when compared to colonies fed with HFCS. The differences in adult bee populations were significant, having an overall average of 10.0 +/- 1.3 frames of bees fed the sucrose syrup between November 2008 and April 2009, compared to 7.5 +/- 1.6 frames of bees fed exclusively on HFCS. For commercial queen beekeepers, feeding the right supplementary carbohydrates could be especially important, given the findings of this study. C1 [Sammataro, Diana] ARS, USDA, Carl Hayden Honey Bee Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Weiss, Milagra] Univ Arizona, Dept Entomol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Sammataro, D (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Carl Hayden Honey Bee Res Ctr, 2000 East Allen Rd, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. EM Diana.sammataro@ars.usda.gov; milagra@email.arizona.edu FU Project Apis mellifera (PAm); Foundation for the Preservation of Honey Bees FX We wish to thank Project Apis mellifera (PAm) and the Foundation for the Preservation of Honey Bees for their financial support. We also wish to thank Bruce Eckholm for help with the statistics, and Jennifer Finely and other staff members at the Carl Hayden Honey Bee Center for their assistance and support. Ann Harman and Drs. Dewey Caron, Gloria deGrandi-Hoffman, Mark Carroll, and Russell Vreeland, as well as anonymous reviewers, all made helpful suggestions. NR 64 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 25 PU UNIV ARIZONA PI TUCSON PA LIBRARY C327, TUCSON, AZ 85721 USA SN 1536-2442 J9 J INSECT SCI JI J Insect Sci. PD MAR 16 PY 2013 VL 13 AR 19 PG 13 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 116EJ UT WOS:000316865200001 PM 23886010 ER PT J AU Franzluebbers, AJ Seman, DH Stuedemann, JA AF Franzluebbers, Alan J. Seman, Dwight H. Stuedemann, John A. TI Forage dynamics in mixed tall fescue-bermudagrass pastures of the Southern Piedmont USA SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Bermudagrass; Botanical composition; Broiler litter; Grazing pressure; Inorganic fertilizer; Tall fescue ID ANIMAL PERFORMANCE; COASTAL BERMUDAGRASS; BROILER LITTER; POULTRY LITTER; MANAGEMENT; ENDOPHYTE; SOIL; PERSISTENCE; FERTILIZATION; PRODUCTIVITY AB Botanical composition and forage productivity of mixed cool- and warm-season perennial pastures are important determinants of agricultural sustainability. Effects of three sources of nutrient (inorganic only, organic+ inorganic combination, and organic only) and four utilization regimes (unharvested, low and high grazing pressure, and hayed) were evaluated on botanical composition, residual forage mass, and forage production during seven years of management on tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum, a cool-season C3 grass) overseeded into existing bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon, a warm-season C4 grass) sod in Georgia. Nutrient source had few major impacts on responses, except for greater hay yield with organic fertilization (broiler litter) than with organic+ inorganic and inorganic only fertilization. Botanical composition of grazed pastures shifted with time from initial dominance with bermudagrass (similar to 50% basal area) to mixed composition of tall fescue (60%)/bermudagrass (36%) under low grazing pressure and tall fescue (45%)/bermudagrass (48%) under high grazing pressure. To maintain optimum botanical composition and productivity for year-round sustainable grazing, forage mass needs to be balanced within a maximum threshold to avoid deterioration of forage quality and a minimum threshold to avoid environmental degradation. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Franzluebbers, Alan J.] USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Seman, Dwight H.] USDA ARS, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Stuedemann, John A.] USDA ARS, Watkinsville, GA 30677 USA. RP Franzluebbers, AJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, 3218 Williams Hall,NCSU Campus Box 7619, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM alan.franzluebbers@ars.usda.gov NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8809 J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. PD MAR 15 PY 2013 VL 168 BP 37 EP 45 DI 10.1016/j.agee.2013.02.004 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 133KJ UT WOS:000318137000005 ER PT J AU Rault, JL Carter, CS Garner, JP Marchant-Forde, JN Richert, BT Lay, DC AF Rault, Jean-Loup Carter, C. Sue Garner, Joseph P. Marchant-Forde, Jeremy N. Richert, Brian T. Lay, Donald C., Jr. TI Repeated intranasal oxytocin administration in early life dysregulates the HPA axis and alters social behavior SO PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE Oxytocin; HPA; Social behavior; Pig; Autism; Peptide ID PITUITARY-ADRENAL AXIS; CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING-FACTOR; SYMPATHETIC-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS; STRESS RESPONSES; PARAVENTRICULAR NUCLEUS; MATERNAL-BEHAVIOR; DEXAMETHASONE-SUPPRESSION; POSTNATAL NEUROGENESIS; LYSINE VASOPRESSIN AB Agonistic interactions are a powerful stressor. Conversely, positive social interactions can reduce the adverse effects of social stress. This possibly occurs through the action of oxytocin (OT), a neuropeptide able to reduce activation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. We hypothesized that repeated OT intranasal administration to neonatal pigs could provide long-lasting protective effects against social stress. In each of six litters, two pigs per litter received 0.5 mL of saline containing 24 IU (or 50 mu g) of OT intranasally and two control littermates received 0.5 mL of saline as a control at 1, 2 and 3 days of age. Contrary to our predictions, when socially mixed after weaning at 17 days of age, neonatally OT-administered pigs received more aggressive interactions and performed more aggressive interactions in return, showed greater locomotion, spent less time in social contact, and had greater cortisol concentrations than control pigs. When this social mixing was repeated at 8 weeks of age, OT pigs still performed more aggressive interactions and had greater adrenocorticotropic hormone concentrations than control pigs. A dexamethasone suppression test and corticotropic releasing hormone administration challenge at 11 weeks of age revealed that OT pigs were less responsive to dexamethasone than control pigs, suggesting a deficient HPA axis' negative feedback control. Postnatal repeated OT administration altered social behavior and resulted in a long-term dysregulation of the HPA axis. These findings highlight the complex, fine-tuning of the neurobiological mechanisms regulating the development of social behavior and suggest caution in the application of neonatal peptide treatments during early development. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Rault, Jean-Loup; Garner, Joseph P.; Richert, Brian T.] Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Carter, C. Sue] Univ Illinois, Dept Psychiat, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Marchant-Forde, Jeremy N.; Lay, Donald C., Jr.] ARS, USDA, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Rault, JL (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Sch Land & Environm, Anim Welf Sci Ctr, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. EM jl.rault@gmail.com RI Marchant-Forde, Jeremy/A-7616-2009 OI Marchant-Forde, Jeremy/0000-0002-5287-2914 NR 87 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 7 U2 37 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0031-9384 J9 PHYSIOL BEHAV JI Physiol. Behav. PD MAR 15 PY 2013 VL 112 BP 40 EP 48 DI 10.1016/j.physbeh.2013.02.007 PG 9 WC Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences SC Psychology; Behavioral Sciences GA 135BC UT WOS:000318260000006 PM 23481917 ER PT J AU Possenti, A Fratini, F Fantozzi, L Pozio, E Dubey, JP Ponzi, M Pizzi, E Spano, F AF Possenti, Alessia Fratini, Federica Fantozzi, Luca Pozio, Edoardo Dubey, Jitender P. Ponzi, Marta Pizzi, Elisabetta Spano, Furio TI Global proteomic analysis of the oocyst/sporozoite of Toxoplasma gondii reveals commitment to a host-independent lifestyle SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Toxoplasma gondii; Oocyst; Sporozoite; Proteome; Metabolism; Energy production; Host cell invasion; Oocyst-specific proteins ID PYRUVATE-DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX; APICOMPLEXAN PARASITES; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SURFACE-PROTEINS; APPLE DOMAINS; OOCYST WALL; INVASION; SPOROZOITE AB Background: Toxoplasmosis is caused by the apicomplexan parasite Toxoplasma gondii and can be acquired either congenitally or via the oral route. In the latter case, transmission is mediated by two distinct invasive stages, i.e., bradyzoites residing in tissue cysts or sporozoites contained in environmentally resistant oocysts shed by felids in their feces. The oocyst plays a central epidemiological role, yet this stage has been scarcely investigated at the molecular level and the knowledge of its expressed proteome is very limited. Results: Using one-dimensional gel electrophoresis coupled to liquid chromatography-linked tandem mass spectrometry, we analysed total or fractionated protein extracts of partially sporulated T. gondii oocysts, producing a dataset of 1304 non reduntant proteins (similar to 18% of the total predicted proteome), similar to 59% of which were classified according to the MIPS functional catalogue database. Notably, the comparison of the oocyst dataset with the extensively covered proteome of T. gondii tachyzoite, the invasive stage responsible for the clinical signs of toxoplasmosis, identified 154 putative oocyst/sporozoite-specific proteins, some of which were validated by Western blot. The analysis of this protein subset showed that, compared to tachyzoites, oocysts have a greater capability of de novo amino acid biosynthesis and are well equipped to fuel the Krebs cycle with the acetyl-CoA generated through fatty acid beta-oxidation and the degradation of branched amino acids. Conclusions: The study reported herein significantly expanded our knowledge of the proteome expressed by the oocyst/sporozoite of T. gondii, shedding light on a stage-specifc subset of proteins whose functional profile is consistent with the adaptation of T. gondii oocysts to the nutrient-poor and stressing extracellular environment. C1 [Possenti, Alessia; Fratini, Federica; Pozio, Edoardo; Ponzi, Marta; Pizzi, Elisabetta; Spano, Furio] Ist Super Sanita, Dept Infect Parasit & Immunomediated Dis, I-00161 Rome, Italy. [Dubey, Jitender P.] ARS, USDA, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Spano, F (reprint author), Ist Super Sanita, Dept Infect Parasit & Immunomediated Dis, Viale Regina Elena 299, I-00161 Rome, Italy. EM furio.spano@iss.it RI SPANO, FURIO/O-2294-2015; PIZZI, ELISABETTA/C-2958-2016 OI PIZZI, ELISABETTA/0000-0002-9773-3985 FU DG SANCO of the European Commission; European Community's Seventh Framework Programme [242095]; MIUR [PB.P05] FX We wish to thank S. Cherchi and V. Messina for technical help in the production of polyclonal antibodies. We are also grateful to J-F. Dubremetz for supplying the anti-SAG1 mAb T41E5, Michael M. White for donating the oocyst cDNA library and D. Hill for critical reading of the manuscript. This work has been funded in part by the DG SANCO of the European Commission and by the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement No 242095. The Italian FLAGSHIP "InterOmics" project (PB.P05) is funded by MIUR and coordinated by the CNR. NR 65 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 17 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD MAR 15 PY 2013 VL 14 AR 183 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-14-183 PG 18 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 123TF UT WOS:000317413200001 PM 23496850 ER PT J AU Yakes, BJ Papafragkou, E Conrad, SM Neill, JD Ridpath, JF Burkhardt, W Kulka, M DeGrasse, SL AF Yakes, Betsy Jean Papafragkou, Efstathia Conrad, Stephen M. Neill, John D. Ridpath, Julia F. Burkhardt, William, III Kulka, Michael DeGrasse, Stacey L. TI Surface plasmon resonance biosensor for detection of feline calicivirus, a surrogate for norovirus SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Intact virus; Norovirus; Surface plasmon resonance; Biosensor; Foodborne; Shellfish ID NORWALK-LIKE VIRUSES; UNITED-STATES; HUMAN PATHOGENS; HIGH-THROUGHPUT; FOOD-SAFETY; OYSTERS; INACTIVATION; SHELLFISH; ASSAY; SPR AB The human noroviruses are the most common non-bacterial cause of gastroenteritis and are responsible for as much as 50% of all gastroenteritis outbreaks worldwide. Norovirus (NoV), a single stranded RNA virus, is highly contagious with an infectious dose of less than 100 viral particles. While techniques exist for the identification of NoV, the lack of a reliable cell culture system, NoV genetic variability, and time-consuming sample preparation steps required to isolate the virus (or its genome) prior to molecular based methods has hindered rapid virus detection. To better protect the public from virus-contaminated food and enable better detection in clinical and environmental samples, sensitive and selective methods with simple sample preparation are needed. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors represent an emerging detection platform, and this approach has been applied to the rapid detection of foodbome small molecule toxins, protein toxins, and bacteria. This analytical technique, however, has yet to be fully investigated for rapid virus detection, especially for intact viral particles extracted from food matrices. For this study, the culturable, non-human pathogen feline calicivirus (FCV), which has similar morphology and is genetically related to NoV, was chosen as a surrogate virus for designing and evaluating an SPR assay. An antibody-based assay was performed by first immobilizing anti-FCV to an SPR chip surface and then directly measuring virus binding and subsequent secondary antibody binding. The resulting biosensor directly detected intact FCV particles with limits of detection of approximately 10(4) TCID50 FCV/mL from purified cell culture lysates. In addition, intact virus detection in FCV-spiked oyster matrix was possible when using a simple extraction procedure and employing a secondary antibody to FCV for quantitation. The results from these preliminary studies show promise for the development of a rapid assay for detecting intact viruses, such as NoV, using an SPR biosensor. While the current level of sensitivity achieved with this SPR biosensor may be more applicable to virus detection in clinical specimens, broader application and increased sensitivity of this method for foodbome viruses may be achieved when performed in conjunction with efficient virus extraction and concentration methods. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Yakes, Betsy Jean; Conrad, Stephen M.; DeGrasse, Stacey L.] US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, Off Regulatory Sci, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Papafragkou, Efstathia; Kulka, Michael] US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, Off Appl Res & Safety Assessment, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. [Neill, John D.; Ridpath, Julia F.] USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ruminant Dis & Immunol Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Burkhardt, William, III] US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, Off Food Safety, Dauphin Isl, AL 36528 USA. RP Yakes, BJ (reprint author), US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, Off Regulatory Sci, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. EM betsy.yakes@fda.hhs.gov; efstathia.papafragkou@fda.hhs.gov; stephen.conrad@fda.hhs.gov; john.neill@ars.usda.gov; julia.ridpath@ars.usda.gov; william.burkhardt@fda.hhs.gov; michael.kulka@fda.hhs.gov; stacey.degrasse@fda.hhs.gov RI Yakes, Betsy/K-2646-2012; OI DeGrasse, Stacey/0000-0001-7808-4193 NR 53 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 61 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1605 J9 INT J FOOD MICROBIOL JI Int. J. Food Microbiol. PD MAR 15 PY 2013 VL 162 IS 2 BP 152 EP 158 DI 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.01.011 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA 115UK UT WOS:000316837200005 PM 23416550 ER PT J AU He, HQ Genovese, KJ Swaggerty, CL Nisbet, DJ Kogut, MH AF He, Haiqi Genovese, Kenneth J. Swaggerty, Christina L. Nisbet, David J. Kogut, Michael H. TI Nitric Oxide as a Biomarker of Intracellular Salmonella Viability and Identification of the Bacteriostatic Activity of Protein Kinase A Inhibitor H-89 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID IN-VIVO; PHOSPHOTHREONINE LYASE; PATHOGENICITY ISLAND-2; MURINE SALMONELLOSIS; MACROPHAGES; INFECTION; SURVIVAL; ENTERITIDIS; ACTIVATION; RESPONSES AB Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis is one of the most prevalent Salmonella serovars in poultry and is often associated with human salmonellosis. S. Enteritidis is known to suppress nitric oxide (NO) production in infected chicken macrophage HD11 cells, while dead S. Enteritidis stimulates a high level of NO production, suggesting a bacterial inhibitory effect on NO production. Based on these observations, the present study was conducted to evaluate whether NO production in S. Enteritidis-infected HD11 cells can be used as a biomarker to identify molecules that kill intracellular Salmonella. Since Salmonella are known to manipulate the host cell kinase network to facilitate intracellular survival, we screened a group of pharmaceutical inhibitors of various kinases to test our hypothesis. A protein kinase A inhibitor, H-89, was found to reverse the suppression of NO production in S. Enteritidis-infected HD11 cells. Production of NO in S. Enteritidis-infected HD11 cells increased significantly following treatment with H-89 at or above 20 mu M. Inversely, the number of viable intracellular Salmonella decreased significantly in cells treated with H-89 at or above 30 mM. Furthermore, the growth rate of S. Enteritidis in culture was significantly inhibited by H-89 at concentrations from 20 to 100 mM. Our results demonstrate that NO-based screening using S. Enteritidis-infected HD11 cells is a viable tool to identify chemicals with anti-intracellular Salmonella activity. Using this method, we have shown H-89 has bacteriostatic activity against Salmonella, independent of host cell protein kinase A or Akt1 activity. C1 [He, Haiqi; Genovese, Kenneth J.; Swaggerty, Christina L.; Nisbet, David J.; Kogut, Michael H.] USDA ARS, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP He, HQ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM haiqi.he@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS FX This study was supported only by USDA-ARS intramural funding. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 44 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 15 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 3 AR e58873 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0058873 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 109ZC UT WOS:000316409800041 PM 23554945 ER PT J AU Nabel, MR Newton, M Cole, EC AF Nabel, Mark R. Newton, Michael Cole, Elizabeth C. TI Abundance of natural regeneration and growth comparisons with planted seedlings 10-13 years after commercial thinning in 50-year-old Douglas-fir, Douglas-fir/western hemlock, Oregon Coast Range SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Density management; Stand structure; Pseudotsuga menziesii; Tsuga heterophylla; Underplanting; Natural regeneration ID BRITISH-COLUMBIA; WESTERN HEMLOCK; STAND-DENSITY; UNDERSTORY VEGETATION; FOREST MANAGEMENT; SOUTHERN SWEDEN; SHADE TOLERANCE; SOIL-MOISTURE; MIXED FORESTS; NORWAY SPRUCE AB Post-thinning natural regeneration in the Pacific Northwest of USA was evaluated 13 years after thinning 50-year-old Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco var. menziesii) stands on a drier, interior Coast Range site (McDonald) and 10 years after thinning 50- to 55-year-old Douglas-fir/western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla [Raf.] Sarg.) stands on a moister, coastal site (Blodgett) as part of a long-term study of late-seral habitats following commercial thinning. At each site, thinning varied in residual stand density (ranging from 17 to 34 m(2)/ha) and pattern (uniform thinning or thinning with the incorporation of 0.06- and 0.1-ha gaps). Effects of understory vegetation control were also evaluated. McDonald had minor components of grand fir (Abies grand is [Dougl. ex D. Don.] Lindl.); Blodgett had substantial overstory stocking of western hemlock. Natural seedling densities and heights of natural and underplanted seedlings were recorded where stands had been thinned to four (McDonald) and three (Blodgett) residual densities. Densities of natural Douglas-fir seedlings ranged from 55 to 980/ha at McDonald (13 years after thinning) and from 887 to 1566/ha at Blodgett (10 years after thinning). Douglas-fir abundance was inversely related to overstory density at McDonald after thinning and was greater at both sites where understory had been chemically controlled. Natural regeneration of grand fir at McDonald was limited by proximity to seed source, but more abundant than Douglas-fir where it occurred. Regeneration of western hemlock 10 years after thinning at Blodgett averaged 44,058-56,845/ha and did not vary across overstory densities or with vegetation control. Heights of hemlock and Douglas-fir regeneration were greatest where overstories were least dense. Hemlock was consistently taller than Douglas-fir at the site (Blodgett) where regeneration of both species occurred. However, Douglas-fir was preferentially browsed, which limited height growth. Canopy gaps did not consistently increase density or height of natural regeneration at either site, but many of the tallest seedlings recorded were found within gaps. Heights and recent height growth rates for western hemlock at Blodgett were similar between natural and planted seedlings. Natural Douglas-fir were shorter than planted Douglas-fir at both sites. Reliance on natural Douglas-fir regeneration in thinned stands provided variable stocking, with uncertain futures where post-thinning overstory basal area exceeded 28 m(2)/ha in 50-year-old stands. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Nabel, Mark R.; Newton, Michael; Cole, Elizabeth C.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Engn Resources & Management, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Nabel, MR (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, 742 S Clover Rd, Williams, AZ 86046 USA. EM mrnabel@fs.fed.us; mike.newton@oregonstate.edu; liz.cole@oregonstate.edu FU USDI National Biological Survey; US Geological Survey, Biological Research Division; USDI Bureau of Land Management; State of Oregon Department of Forestry; Oregon State University Forests; Oregon State University Foundation Endowment for Long Term Silvicultural Research FX Funding for this study was provided by the USDI National Biological Survey; US Geological Survey, Biological Research Division; USDI Bureau of Land Management; State of Oregon Department of Forestry; Oregon State University Forests and Oregon State University Foundation Endowment for Long Term Silvicultural Research. In-kind support was provided by Oregon State University College of Forestry. Mary O'Dea, Barbara Jerra, Richard Symons, Maciej Zwienieski, Thomas Brandeis, Jim Robbins, Candy Mollnau, Amanda Lindsay and many others participated in field layout and plant cover and seedling measurements. Dr. John Bailey kindly reviewed this manuscript. We also greatly appreciate the comments from the anonymous reviewers which have helped to improve this manuscript. NR 88 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 6 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD MAR 15 PY 2013 VL 292 BP 96 EP 110 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2012.12.009 PG 15 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 111HM UT WOS:000316512400011 ER PT J AU Rosenzweig, C Jones, JW Hatfield, JL Ruane, AC Boote, KJ Thorburn, P Antle, JM Nelson, GC Porter, C Janssen, S Asseng, S Basso, B Ewert, F Wallach, D Baigorria, G Winter, JM AF Rosenzweig, C. Jones, J. W. Hatfield, J. L. Ruane, A. C. Boote, K. J. Thorburn, P. Antle, J. M. Nelson, G. C. Porter, C. Janssen, S. Asseng, S. Basso, B. Ewert, F. Wallach, D. Baigorria, G. Winter, J. M. TI The Agricultural Model Intercomparison and Improvement Project (AgMIP): Protocols and pilot studies SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Agriculture; Food security; Climate change; Crop models; Economic models; Intercomparison; Uncertainty; Risk; Adaptation ID STOCHASTIC WEATHER GENERATORS; CLIMATE-CHANGE RESEARCH; CROPGRO-SOYBEAN MODEL; INTEGRATED ASSESSMENT; US AGRICULTURE; SYSTEM MODEL; ELEVATED CO2; YIELD; IMPACTS; VARIABILITY AB The Agricultural Model Intercomparison and Improvement Project (AgMIP) is a major international effort linking the climate, crop, and economic modeling communities with cutting-edge information technology to produce improved crop and economic models and the next generation of climate impact projections for the agricultural sector. The goals of AgMIP are to improve substantially the characterization of world food security due to climate change and to enhance adaptation capacity in both developing and developed countries. Analyses of the agricultural impacts of climate variability and change require a transdisciplinary effort to consistently link state-of-the-art climate scenarios to crop and economic models. Crop model outputs are aggregated as inputs to regional and global economic models to determine regional vulnerabilities, changes in comparative advantage, price effects, and potential adaptation strategies in the agricultural sector. Climate, Crop Modeling, Economics, and Information Technology Team Protocols are presented to guide coordinated climate, crop modeling, economics, and information technology research activities around the world, along with AgMIP Cross-Cutting Themes that address uncertainty, aggregation and scaling, and the development of Representative Agricultural Pathways (RAPs) to enable testing of climate change adaptations in the context of other regional and global trends. The organization of research activities by geographic region and specific crops is described, along with project milestones. Pilot results demonstrate AgMIP's role in assessing climate impacts with explicit representation of uncertainties in climate scenarios and simulations using crop and economic models. An intercomparison of wheat model simulations near Obregon, Mexico reveals inter-model differences in yield sensitivity to [CO2] with model uncertainty holding approximately steady as concentrations rise, while uncertainty related to choice of crop model increases with rising temperatures. Wheat model simulations with mid-century climate scenarios project a slight decline in absolute yields that is more sensitive to selection of crop model than to global climate model, emissions scenario, or climate scenario downscaling method. A comparison of regional and national-scale economic simulations finds a large sensitivity of projected yield changes to the simulations' resolved scales. Finally, a global economic model intercomparison example demonstrates that improvements in the understanding of agriculture futures arise from integration of the range of uncertainty in crop, climate, and economic modeling results in multi-model assessments. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Rosenzweig, C.; Ruane, A. C.] NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA. [Rosenzweig, C.; Ruane, A. C.; Winter, J. M.] Columbia Univ, Ctr Climate Syst Res, New York, NY USA. [Jones, J. W.; Boote, K. J.; Porter, C.; Asseng, S.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Hatfield, J. L.] ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, USDA, Ames, IA USA. [Thorburn, P.] Commonwealth Sci & Ind Res Org, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. [Antle, J. M.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, WA USA. [Nelson, G. C.] Int Food Policy Res Inst, Washington, DC 20036 USA. [Janssen, S.] Wageningen Univ & Res Ctr, Alterra, Wageningen, Netherlands. [Basso, B.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Ewert, F.] Univ Bonn, Bonn, Germany. [Wallach, D.] INRA, F-31931 Toulouse, France. [Baigorria, G.] Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, NE USA. RP Rosenzweig, C (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, 2880 Broadway, New York, NY 10025 USA. EM cynthia.rosenzweig@nasa.gov RI Basso, Bruno/A-3128-2012; Thorburn, Peter/A-6884-2011; OI Basso, Bruno/0000-0003-2090-4616; Boote, Kenneth/0000-0002-1358-5496; Wallach, Daniel/0000-0003-3500-8179 FU United States Department of Agriculture; UK Department for International Development FX We acknowledge the significant contribution to the development of AgMIP by our esteemed colleague, the late Dr. Nadine Brisson of L'Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique. We are grateful to all of our colleagues from the international agricultural research community who have helped to create AgMIP since its inception at the University of Florida Climate Information for Managing Risks Conference in 2008, and those who are participating in current AgMIP activities. We appreciate especially the expert advice provided by the AgMIP Steering Group. We thank Carlos Angulo from University of Bonn for providing assistance with crop simulations, and Richard Goldberg, Adam Greeley, Daniel Bader, and Soyee Chiu at the Columbia Center for Climate Systems Research for their help in processing climate and data. We acknowledge the global climate modeling groups, the Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison (PCMDI), and the WCRP's Working Group on Coupled Modelling (WGCM) for their roles in making available the WCRP CMIP3 multi-model dataset. Support of this dataset is provided by the Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy. We appreciate the constructive suggestions of three anonymous reviewers. Finally, we thank the United States Department of Agriculture and the UK Department for International Development for their support of AgMIP, and in particular Steven Shafer and William Hohenstein at USDA, and Alessandro Moscuzza, Gemma Tanner, Robert MacIver, and Yvan Blot at UK DFID for their guidance. NR 113 TC 164 Z9 164 U1 12 U2 218 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1923 EI 1873-2240 J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL JI Agric. For. Meteorol. PD MAR 15 PY 2013 VL 170 SI SI BP 166 EP 182 DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2012.09.011 PG 17 WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 098JX UT WOS:000315546700015 ER PT J AU Jenkins, MB Endale, DM Fisher, DS Adams, MP Lowrance, R Newton, GL Vellidis, G AF Jenkins, Michael B. Endale, Dinku M. Fisher, Dwight S. Adams, M. Paige Lowrance, Richard Newton, G. Larry Vellidis, George TI Survival dynamics of fecal bacteria in ponds in agricultural watersheds of the Piedmont and Coastal Plain of Georgia (vol 46, pg 176, 2012) SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Correction C1 [Jenkins, Michael B.; Endale, Dinku M.; Fisher, Dwight S.] USDA ARS, J Phil Campbell Sr Nat Resource Conservat Ctr, Watkinsville, GA 30677 USA. [Adams, M. Paige; Vellidis, George] Univ Georgia, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Lowrance, Richard] USDA ARS, Southeast Watershed Res Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Newton, G. Larry] Univ Georgia, Dept Anim Sci, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Jenkins, MB (reprint author), USDA ARS, J Phil Campbell Sr Nat Resource Conservat Ctr, 1420 Expt Stn Rd, Watkinsville, GA 30677 USA. EM mjenkins@arches.uga.edu NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD MAR 15 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 4 BP 1708 EP 1709 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2013.01.029 PG 2 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 104FJ UT WOS:000315977000019 ER PT J AU Amaro, AL Fundo, JF Oliveira, A Beaulieu, JC Fernandez-Trujillo, JP Almeida, DPF AF Amaro, Ana L. Fundo, Joana F. Oliveira, Ana Beaulieu, John C. Fernandez-Trujillo, Juan Pablo Almeida, Domingos P. F. TI 1-Methylcyclopropene effects on temporal changes of aroma volatiles and phytochemicals of fresh-cut cantaloupe SO JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE antioxidant activity; -carotene; Cucumis melo; melon; minimally processed fruit; phenolics ID CUCUMIS-MELO L.; VAR. RETICULATUS FRUIT; ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY; CHARENTAIS MELON; ETHYLENE; QUALITY; STORAGE; BIOSYNTHESIS; MATURITIES; SLICES AB BACKGROUND: Orange-fleshed cantaloupe melons have intense aroma and flavor but are very perishable during storage life. Fresh-cut processing enhances ethylene-mediated quality losses. Post-cutting 1-methylcyclopene (1-MCP) application to fresh-cut cantaloupe was evaluated for its effects on quality attributes, phytochemical content and aroma volatiles. RESULTS: Fresh-cut cantaloupe (Cucumis melo var. cantalupensis Fiesta') cubes treated with 1.0 mu L L1 of 1-MCP for 24 h at 5 degrees C, packaged in vented plastic clamshells and stored under normal atmosphere at 5 degrees C for 9 days, preserved their soluble solids, total phenolics, total carotenoids and -carotene contents, but significant softening occurred. A significant increase of non-acetate esters and a decrease of aldehydes occurred during storage. Most quality attributes of fresh-cut cantaloupe were unaffected by the treatment with 1-MCP. 1-MCP-treated fresh-cut cantaloupe accumulated higher levels of propyl acetate, 2-methylbutyl acetate, methyl butanoate, methyl 2-methyl butanoate, methyl hexanoate, 2-methylbutyl alcohol and phenethyl alcohol, and lower levels of benzyl alcohol and heptanal than untreated controls. CONCLUSION: Post-cutting treatment with 1-MCP affected nine of the flavor-important volatiles, particularly those derived from the amino acids isoleucine and phenylalanine, but had no practical effect on phytochemicals or other quality attributes. (c) 2012 Society of Chemical Industry C1 [Amaro, Ana L.; Fundo, Joana F.; Oliveira, Ana; Almeida, Domingos P. F.] Univ Catolica Portuguesa, Escola Super Biotecnol, CBQF, P-4200072 Oporto, Portugal. [Beaulieu, John C.] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Fernandez-Trujillo, Juan Pablo] Univ Politecn Cartagena, Dept Ingn Alimentos & Equipamiento Agr, Murcia 30203, Spain. [Almeida, Domingos P. F.] Univ Porto, Fac Ciencias, P-4169007 Oporto, Portugal. RP Almeida, DPF (reprint author), Univ Porto, Fac Ciencias, Rua Campo Alegre 687, P-4169007 Oporto, Portugal. EM dalmeida@fc.up.pt RI Almeida, Domingos/F-1835-2010; Fernandez Trujillo, Juan Pablo/I-5859-2013; OI Almeida, Domingos/0000-0001-8429-8585; Fernandez Trujillo, Juan Pablo/0000-0002-5296-0308; Amaro, Ana/0000-0002-0857-8232; Fundo, Joana F./0000-0002-9208-7443; Beaulieu, John/0000-0001-7767-5901; Oliveira, Ana Lucia Silva/0000-0001-5445-1032 FU Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (Portugal) [SFRH/BD/39143/2007, PTDC/AGR-ALI/66144/2006]; Ministry of Education and Science; EU, Spain [AGL2010-20858]; Consejeria de Educacion de la Region de Murcia [BIO-AGR06/02-0011] FX This work was supported by Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (Portugal) through a PhD grant to AL Amaro (SFRH/BD/39143/2007) and project PTDC/AGR-ALI/66144/2006. Part of the results were obtained by the project funded by the Ministry of Education and Science and FEDER funds from the EU (project AGL2010-20858, Ministry of Science and Innovation, Spain). We thank MJ Roca (SAIT-UPCT), Pablo Castillo (Grupo Biomaster) and L Llanos for technical assistance in RTL aroma analysis and project BIO-AGR06/02-0011 (Consejeria de Educacion de la Region de Murcia). NR 45 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 38 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-5142 J9 J SCI FOOD AGR JI J. Sci. Food Agric. PD MAR 15 PY 2013 VL 93 IS 4 BP 828 EP 837 DI 10.1002/jsfa.5804 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 093BI UT WOS:000315166300016 PM 22821412 ER PT J AU Vibrans, AC McRoberts, RE Moser, P Nicoletti, AL AF Vibrans, Alexander C. McRoberts, Ronald E. Moser, Paolo Nicoletti, Adilson L. TI Using satellite image-based maps and ground inventory data to estimate the area of the remaining Atlantic forest in the Brazilian state of Santa Catarina SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Confidence interval; Model-assisted regression estimator; IPCC good practice guidance; Accuracy assessment; Santa Catarina Forest and Floristic Inventory ID SECONDARY FORESTS; RAIN-FOREST; DEFORESTATION; CONSERVATION; CLIMATE; IMPACT AB Estimation of large area forest attributes, such as area of forest cover, from remote sensing-based maps is challenging because of image processing, logistical, and data acquisition constraints. In addition, techniques for estimating and compensating for misclassification and estimating uncertainty are often unfamiliar. Forest area for the state of Santa Catarina in southern Brazil was estimated from each of four satellite image-based land cover maps, and an independent estimate was obtained using observations of forest/non-forest for more than 1000 points assessed as part of the Santa Catarina Forest and Floristic Inventory. The latter data were also used as an accuracy assessment sample for evaluating the four maps. The map analyses consisted of identifying classification errors, constructing error matrices, calculating associated accuracy measures, estimating bias, and constructing 95% confidence intervals for proportion forest estimates using a model-assisted regression estimator. Overall accuracies for the maps ranged from 0.876 to 0.929. The standard errors of the estimates were all smaller than the standard error of the simple random sampling estimate by factors ranging from approximately1.23 to approximately 1.69. The model-assisted regression estimator lends itself to easy implementation for adjusting for estimated classification bias and for constructing confidence intervals. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Vibrans, Alexander C.; Moser, Paolo; Nicoletti, Adilson L.] Univ Reg Blumenau, Blumenau, SC, Brazil. [McRoberts, Ronald E.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN USA. RP McRoberts, RE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN USA. EM rmcroberts@fs.fed.us RI Vibrans, Alexander/C-3089-2013 OI Vibrans, Alexander/0000-0002-8789-5833 FU Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa e Inovacao de Santa Catarina (FAPESC) FX The authors are grateful to the Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa e Inovacao de Santa Catarina (FAPESC) for supporting the IFFSC. NR 41 TC 29 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 54 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD MAR 15 PY 2013 VL 130 BP 87 EP 95 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2012.10.023 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 090VL UT WOS:000315008000008 ER PT J AU Kerr, BJ Shurson, GC AF Kerr, Brian J. Shurson, Gerald C. TI Strategies to improve fiber utilization in swine SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Energy; Enzymes; Fiber; Growing-finishing pigs; Nutrient digestibility; Processing ID DISTILLERS DRIED GRAINS; GROWING-FINISHING PIGS; COLI-DERIVED PHYTASE; BETA-GLUCANASE SUPPLEMENTATION; MIDWESTERN ETHANOL PLANT; GROWTH-PERFORMANCE; DIETARY FIBER; ENZYME SUPPLEMENTATION; NUTRIENT DIGESTIBILITY; GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT AB Application of feed processing methods and use of exogenous feed additives in an effort to improve nutrient digestibility of plant-based feed ingredients for swine has been studied for decades. The following review will discuss several of these topics, including: fiber characterization, impact of dietary fiber on gastrointestinal physiology, energy, and nutrient digestibility, mechanical processing of feed on fiber and energy digestibility, and the use of exogenous enzymes in diets fed to growing pigs. Taken together, the diversity and concentration of chemical characteristics that exists among plant-based feed ingredients, as well as interactions among constituents within feed ingredients and diets, suggests that improvements in nutrient digestibility and pig performance from mechanical processing or adding exogenous enzymes to diets fed to swine depends on a better understanding of these characteristics, but also relating enzyme activity to targeted substrates. It may be that an enzyme must not only match a target substrate(s), but there may also need to be a 'cocktail' of enzymes to effectively breakdown the complex matrixes of fibrous carbohydrates, such that the negative impact of these compounds on nutrient digestibility or voluntary feed intake are alleviated. With the inverse relationship between fiber content and energy digestibility being well described for several feed ingredients, it is only logical that development of processing techniques or enzymes that degrade fiber, and thereby improve energy digestibility or voluntary feed intake, will be both metabolically and economically beneficial to pork production. C1 [Kerr, Brian J.] ARS, USDA, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Shurson, Gerald C.] Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Kerr, BJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM brian.kerr@ars.usda.gov NR 86 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 32 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1674-9782 J9 J ANIM SCI BIOTECHNO JI J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol. PD MAR 15 PY 2013 VL 4 AR 11 DI 10.1186/2049-1891-4-11 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AD3WJ UT WOS:000333176700001 PM 23497595 ER PT J AU Neng, J Harpster, MH Wilson, WC Johnson, PA AF Neng, Jing Harpster, Mark H. Wilson, William C. Johnson, Patrick A. TI Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection of multiple viral antigens using magnetic capture of SERS-active nanoparticles SO BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE SERS; Immunoassay; Multiplex; Gold nanoparticle; Paramagnetic nanoparticle ID VALLEY FEVER VIRUS; WEST-NILE-VIRUS; DNA DETECTION; SHELL NANOPARTICLES; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; RAPID DETECTION; IMMUNOASSAY; PROTEIN; SPECTROSCOPY; AU AB A highly sensitive immunoassay based on surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy has been developed for multiplex detection of surface envelope and capsid antigens of the viral zoonotic pathogens West Nile virus (WNV) and Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV). Detection was mediated by antibody recognition using Raman reporter-coated Au nanoparticles (GNPs) and paramagnetic nanoparticles (PMPs) conjugated with polyclonal antibodies specific for each antigen target, followed by 785 nm laser excitation of magnetically concentrated GNP/antigen/PMP complexes. The discrimination of WNV and RVFV antigen detection in mixed Raman spectra was achieved by SERS enhancement of Raman spectra specific for the Raman reporter dyes Infrared 792 (IR-792) and Nile Blue (NB), respectively. Assay reactions containing dilutions of both target antigens yielded a reduction in the intensification of IR-792 and NB signature spectrum peaks and provided a conservative limit of detection of similar to 5 fg/ml for assays conducted in phosphate buffered saline buffer (PBS) and similar to 25 pg/ml for assays containing PBS spiked with fetal bovine serum. Based on the inherent simplicity of the assay, magnetic capture-based SERS assays afford promise as a biosensor platform that provides high-level multiplex detection sensitivity and can be adapted for portable diagnostic applications in limited resource settings. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Neng, Jing; Johnson, Patrick A.] Univ Wyoming, Mol & Cellular Life Sci Program, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Neng, Jing; Harpster, Mark H.; Johnson, Patrick A.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Chem & Petr Engn, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Wilson, William C.] USDA ARS, Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Unit, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Johnson, PA (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Mol & Cellular Life Sci Program, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. EM pjohns27@uwyo.edu FU Kansas Bioscience Authority (KBA) (Olathe, KS) FX The authors wish to acknowledge the financial support of the Kansas Bioscience Authority (KBA) (Olathe, KS). We also thank the ABADRU unit of CGAHR (ARS/USDA, Manhattan, KS) for providing recombinant RVFV N antigen and rabbit anti-N Pabs. The contents of this publication are the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the KBA or the USDA. NR 45 TC 28 Z9 31 U1 10 U2 331 PU ELSEVIER ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY PI OXFORD PA OXFORD FULFILLMENT CENTRE THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0956-5663 J9 BIOSENS BIOELECTRON JI Biosens. Bioelectron. PD MAR 15 PY 2013 VL 41 BP 316 EP 321 DI 10.1016/j.bios.2012.08.048 PG 6 WC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 079SA UT WOS:000314191300045 PM 23021841 ER PT J AU Blanton, CA Green, MW Kretsch, MJ AF Blanton, Cynthia A. Green, Michael W. Kretsch, Mary J. TI Body iron is associated with cognitive executive planning function in college women SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE Iron; Cognition; College women ID SERUM FERRITIN CONCENTRATION; PREMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; YOUNG-ADULTS; DEFICIENCY ANEMIA; NATIONAL-HEALTH; PREGNANT-WOMEN; UNITED-STATES; MEMORY; NUTRITION; FEMALES AB Evidence of the relationship between altered cognitive function and depleted Fe status is accumulating in women of reproductive age but the degree of Fe deficiency associated with negative neuropsychological outcomes needs to be delineated. Data are limited regarding this relationship in university women in whom optimal cognitive function is critical to academic success. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between body Fe, in the absence of Fe-deficiency anaemia, and neuropsychological function in young college women. Healthy, non-anaemic undergraduate women (n 42) provided a blood sample and completed a standardised cognitive test battery consisting of one manual (Tower of London (TOL), a measure of central executive function) and five computerised (Bakan vigilance task, mental rotation, simple reaction time, immediate word recall and two-finger tapping) tasks. Women's body Fe ranged from -4.2 to 8.1 mg/kg. General linear model ANOVA revealed a significant effect of body Fe on TOL planning time (P=0.002). Spearman's correlation coefficients showed a significant inverse relationship between body Fe and TOL planning time for move categories 4(r-0.39, P=0.01) and 5(r-0.47, P=0.002). Performance on the computerised cognitive tasks was not affected by body Fe level. These findings suggest that Fe status in the absence of anaemia is positively associated with central executive function in otherwise healthy college women. C1 [Blanton, Cynthia A.; Kretsch, Mary J.] Univ Calif Davis, USDA, ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Green, Michael W.] Aston Univ, Sch Life & Hlth Sci, Nutr & Behav Lab, Birmingham B4 7ET, W Midlands, England. RP Blanton, CA (reprint author), Idaho State Univ, Dietet Programs, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. EM blancynt@isu.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Cooperative Research Information System (ARS CRIS) [5306-51520-006-00D] FX This study was supported by United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Cooperative Research Information System (ARS CRIS) 5306-51520-006-00D. M. J. K. and M. W. G. were responsible for the conception and design of the study, and writing of the manuscript. C. A. B. was responsible for the collection of the data, the analysis of the data, and the writing of the manuscript. None of the authors had any conflict of interest. NR 62 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 20 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 0007-1145 J9 BRIT J NUTR JI Br. J. Nutr. PD MAR 14 PY 2013 VL 109 IS 5 BP 906 EP 913 DI 10.1017/S0007114512002620 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 097EL UT WOS:000315456700017 PM 22676919 ER PT J AU Xin, HP Zhu, W Wang, LN Xiang, Y Fang, LC Li, JT Sun, XM Wang, NA Londo, JP Li, SH AF Xin, Haiping Zhu, Wei Wang, Lina Xiang, Yue Fang, Linchuan Li, Jitao Sun, Xiaoming Wang, Nian Londo, Jason P. Li, Shaohua TI Genome Wide Transcriptional Profile Analysis of Vitis amurensis and Vitis vinifera in Response to Cold Stress SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L.; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; GENE-EXPRESSION; LOW-TEMPERATURE; ABSCISIC-ACID; FREEZING TOLERANCE; PROTEIN-KINASE; ABIOTIC STRESS; DROUGHT; GRAPEVINE AB Grape is one of the most important fruit crops worldwide. The suitable geographical locations and productivity of grapes are largely limited by temperature. Vitis amurensis is a wild grapevine species with remarkable cold-tolerance, exceeding that of Vitis vinifera, the dominant cultivated species of grapevine. However, the molecular mechanisms that contribute to the enhanced freezing tolerance of V. amurensis remain unknown. Here we used deep sequencing data from restriction endonuclease-generated cDNA fragments to evaluate the whole genome wide modification of transcriptome of V. amurensis under cold treatment. Vitis vinifera cv. Muscat of Hamburg was used as control to help investigate the distinctive features of V. amruensis in responding to cold stress. Approximately 9 million tags were sequenced from non-cold treatment (NCT) and cold treatment (CT) cDNA libraries in each species of grapevine sampled from shoot apices. Alignment of tags into V. vinifera cv. Pinot noir (PN40024) annotated genome identified over 15,000 transcripts in each library in V. amruensis and more than 16,000 in Muscat of Hamburg. Comparative analysis between NCT and CT libraries indicate that V. amurensis has fewer differential expressed genes (DEGs, 1314 transcripts) than Muscat of Hamburg (2307 transcripts) when exposed to cold stress. Common DEGs (408 transcripts) suggest that some genes provide fundamental roles during cold stress in grapes. The most robust DEGs (more than 20-fold change) also demonstrated significant differences between two kinds of grapevine, indicating that cold stress may trigger species specific pathways in V. amurensis. Functional categories of DEGs indicated that the proportion of up-regulated transcripts related to metabolism, transport, signal transduction and transcription were more abundant in V. amurensis. Several highly expressed transcripts that were found uniquely accumulated in V. amurensis are discussed in detail. This subset of unique candidate transcripts may contribute to the excellent cold-hardiness of V. amurensis. C1 [Xin, Haiping; Zhu, Wei; Wang, Lina; Xiang, Yue; Fang, Linchuan; Li, Jitao; Sun, Xiaoming; Wang, Nian; Li, Shaohua] Chinese Acad Sci, Wuhan Bot Garden, Key Lab Plant Germplasm Enhancement & Specialty A, Wuhan, Peoples R China. [Xin, Haiping; Wang, Nian; Li, Shaohua] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Bot, Lab Plant Resources, Beijing Key Lab Grape Sci & Enol, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Zhu, Wei; Wang, Lina; Xiang, Yue; Fang, Linchuan; Li, Jitao; Sun, Xiaoming] Chinese Acad Sci, Grad Sch, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Londo, Jason P.] ARS, USDA, Grape Genet Res Unit, Geneva, NY USA. RP Li, SH (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Wuhan Bot Garden, Key Lab Plant Germplasm Enhancement & Specialty A, Wuhan, Peoples R China. EM shhli@wbgcas.cn OI /0000-0001-9185-4199 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [31130047, 31000902, 31171931] FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC Accession No.: 31130047, 31000902 and 31171931). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 66 TC 29 Z9 32 U1 2 U2 57 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 13 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 3 AR e58740 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0058740 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 115YY UT WOS:000316849200108 PM 23516547 ER PT J AU Chen, HB Chiou, BS Wang, YZ Schiraldi, DA AF Chen, Hong-Bing Chiou, Bor-Sen Wang, Yu-Zhong Schiraldi, David A. TI Biodegradable Pectin/Clay Aerogels SO ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES LA English DT Article DE biodegradable; pectin; clay; aerogel ID SODIUM MONTMORILLONITE CLAY; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; POLYMER; COMPOSITES; RESOURCES; DENSITY; FILMS AB Biodegradable, foamlike materials based on renewable pectin and sodium montmorillonite clay were fabricated through a simple, environmentally friendly freeze-drying process. The addition of multivalent cations (Ca2+ and Al3+) resulted in apparent cross linking of the polymer and enhancement of aerogel properties. The compressive properties increased as the solid contents (both pectin and clay) increased; moduli in the range of 0.04-114 MPa were obtained for materials with bulk densities ranging from 0.03 g/cm(3) to 0.19 g/cm(3), accompanied by microstructural changes from a lamellar structure to a cellular structure. Biodegradability of the aerogels was investigated by detecting CO2 release for 4 weeks in compost media. The results revealed that pectin aerogels possess higher biodegradation rates than wheat starch, which is often used as a standard for effective biodegradation. The addition of clay and multivalent cations surprisingly increased the biodegradation rates. C1 [Chen, Hong-Bing; Wang, Yu-Zhong] Sichuan Univ, Coll Chem, Ctr Degradable & Flame Retardant Polymer Mat, Chengdu 610064, Peoples R China. [Chen, Hong-Bing; Schiraldi, David A.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Macromol Sci & Engn, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Chiou, Bor-Sen] ARS, USDA, WRRC, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Schiraldi, DA (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Macromol Sci & Engn, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. EM das44@case.edu RI Wang, Yu-Zhong/E-3633-2013 OI Wang, Yu-Zhong/0000-0001-7535-7635 FU China Scholarship Council FX The authors of this paper would like to thank China Scholarship Council for financial support. David Schiraldi, and Case Western Reserve University (CWRU) have financial interests in a company which could potentially commercialize aspects of this work. NR 26 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 11 U2 94 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1944-8244 J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces PD MAR 13 PY 2013 VL 5 IS 5 BP 1715 EP 1721 DI 10.1021/am3028603 PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 108PO UT WOS:000316308100026 PM 23406325 ER PT J AU Kasarda, DD Adalsteins, E Lew, EJL Lazo, GR Altenbach, SB AF Kasarda, Donald D. Adalsteins, Elva Lew, Ellen J. -L. Lazo, Gerard R. Altenbach, Susan B. TI Farinin: Characterization of a Novel Wheat Endosperm Protein Belonging to the Prolamin Superfamily SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Triticum aestivum; gluten proteins; protein sequences; DNA sequences; asparagine endoproteinase; farinins; purinins; wheat allergy; celiac disease ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; AVENIN-LIKE PROTEIN; DISULFIDE BONDS; GLUTENIN SUBUNITS; STORAGE PROTEINS; CYSTINE PEPTIDES; STARCH GRANULES; OMEGA-GLIADINS; CELIAC-DISEASE; DURUM-WHEAT AB Starch granule surface-associated proteins were separated by HPLC and identified by direct protein sequencing. Among the proteins identified was one that consisted of two polypeptide chains of 11 and 19 kDa linked by disulfide bonds. Sequencing of tryptic peptides from each of the polypeptides revealed similarities between some of the peptides and avenin-like b proteins encoded by partial cDNAs in NCBI. To identify a contiguous sequence that matched all of the peptides, contigs encoding three avenin-like b proteins were constructed from ESTs of the cultivar Butte 86. All peptide sequences were found in a protein encoded by one of these contigs that had not been identified previously. Protein and DNA sequences indicated that the two polypeptide chains were derived from a parent protein that had been cleaved at the C-terminal position of an asparagine residue. The name farinin is suggested for this protein and other avenin-like b proteins. Evolutionary relationships of the protein are discussed and a simple computer molecular model was constructed. On the basis of its sequence, the new protein was likely to be allergenic but unlikely to be active in celiac disease. C1 [Kasarda, Donald D.; Adalsteins, Elva; Lew, Ellen J. -L.; Lazo, Gerard R.; Altenbach, Susan B.] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Kasarda, DD (reprint author), ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM donald.kasarda@ars.usda.gov RI Lazo, Gerard/A-8900-2009 OI Lazo, Gerard/0000-0002-9160-2052 NR 48 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 27 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAR 13 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 10 BP 2407 EP 2417 DI 10.1021/jf3053466 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 107TO UT WOS:000316243900015 PM 23414243 ER PT J AU Teng, Z Luo, YC Wang, T Zhang, B Wang, Q AF Teng, Zi Luo, Yangchao Wang, Thomas Zhang, Boce Wang, Qin TI Development and Application of Nanoparticles Synthesized with Folic Acid Conjugated Soy Protein SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE soy protein; folic acid; nanoparticles; curcumin; encapsulation; drug release; cellular uptake ID TARGETED DRUG-DELIVERY; SERUM-ALBUMIN NANOPARTICLES; FOLATE RECEPTOR; CANCER-CELLS; CONTROLLED-RELEASE; ENCAPSULATION; OPTIMIZATION; ISOLATE AB In this study, soy protein isolate (SPI) was conjugated with folic acid (FA) to prepare nanoparticles for target-specific drug delivery. Successful conjugation was evidenced by UV spectrophotometry and primary amino group analysis. An increase in count rate by at least 142% was observed in FA SPI nanoparticles compared to the nonconjugated ones, whereas the particle size was decreased upon FA conjugation. This was probably attributed to the substitution of positively charged lysine residues by the FA backbone. The zeta-potential ranged from -36 to -42 mV depending on the conjugation degree, indicating desirable dispersion stability. Curcumin as a model drug was encapsulated successfully into FA SPI nanoparticles, evidenced by X-ray diffraction study. The highest encapsulation and loading efficiencies were around 92.7% and 5.4%, respectively, which were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those with nonconjugated SPI nanoparticles. In addition, a faster and more complete release of curcumin was observed for FA-SPI nanoparticles in PBS/Tween 20 buffer. Cell culture study showed that conjugation of FA resulted in an increase in cellular uptake by at most 93% in Caco-2 cells. These results suggested that FA-SPI is a potential wall material for encapsulation and enhanced delivery of anticancer drugs. C1 [Teng, Zi; Luo, Yangchao; Zhang, Boce; Wang, Qin] Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Wang, Thomas] ARS, Immunol Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Wang, Q (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, 0112 Skinner Bldg, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM wangqin@umd.edu RI Luo, Yangchao/I-2689-2012; Teng, Zi/G-5747-2013 OI Luo, Yangchao/0000-0002-0001-1194; Teng, Zi/0000-0002-6029-7024 FU USDA FX This research is partly funded by USDA hatch fund. We are grateful for the technical support of the Maryland Nano Center of the University of Maryland in scanning electron microscopy. NR 37 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 6 U2 66 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAR 13 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 10 BP 2556 EP 2564 DI 10.1021/jf4001567 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 107TO UT WOS:000316243900032 PM 23414105 ER PT J AU Blanco, J Konstantinov, A AF Blanco, Javier Konstantinov, Alexander TI Review of the New World species of the genus Argopistes Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Alticini) SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Review DE Flea beetles; new species; USA; Caribbean AB The New World species of the genus Argopistes Motschulsky, 1860 are reviewed, illustrated and a key for their identification is provided. Two new species are described: A. turnbowi (Bahamas Islands) and A. woodleyi (Dominican Republic). The lectotype of A. scyrtoides LeConte is designated. C1 [Blanco, Javier] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Konstantinov, Alexander] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, USDA, Systemat Entomol Lab,ARS, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Blanco, J (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM Javier.Blanco@uspto.gov; alex.konstantinov@ars.usda.gov NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD MAR 13 PY 2013 VL 3626 IS 2 BP 249 EP 267 PG 19 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 104GU UT WOS:000315980700003 PM 26176135 ER PT J AU Hershkovitz, V Sela, N Taha-Salaime, L Liu, J Rafael, G Kessler, C Aly, R Levy, M Wisniewski, M Droby, S AF Hershkovitz, Vera Sela, Noa Taha-Salaime, Leena Liu, Jia Rafael, Ginat Kessler, Clarita Aly, Radi Levy, Maggie Wisniewski, Michael Droby, Samir TI De-novo assembly and characterization of the transcriptome of Metschnikowia fructicola reveals differences in gene expression following interaction with Penicillium digitatum and grapefruit peel SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Antagonist-fruit interaction; Antagonist-pathogen interaction; Biological agent; RNA-seq ID CANDIDA-ALBICANS BIOFILMS; RNA-SEQ DATA; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; BOTRYTIS-CINEREA; POSTHARVEST DISEASES; REFERENCE GENOME; BIOCONTROL; FRUIT; YEAST; TOOL AB Background: The yeast Metschnikowia fructicola is an antagonist with biological control activity against postharvest diseases of several fruits. We performed a transcriptome analysis, using RNA-Seq technology, to examine the response of M. fructicola with citrus fruit and with the postharvest pathogen, Penicillium digitatum. Results: More than 26 million sequencing reads were assembled into 9,674 unigenes. Approximately 50% of the unigenes could be annotated based on homology matches in the NCBI database. Based on homology, sequences were annotated with a gene description, gene ontology (GO term), and clustered into functional groups. An analysis of differential expression when the yeast was interacting with the fruit vs. the pathogen revealed more than 250 genes with specific expression responses. In the antagonist-pathogen interaction, genes related to transmembrane, multidrug transport and to amino acid metabolism were induced. In the antagonist-fruit interaction, expression of genes involved in oxidative stress, iron homeostasis, zinc homeostasis, and lipid metabolism were induced. Patterns of gene expression in the two interactions were examined at the individual transcript level by quantitative real-time PCR analysis (RT-qPCR). Conclusion: This study provides new insight into the biology of the tritrophic interactions that occur in a biocontrol system such as the use of the yeast, M. fructicola for the control of green mold on citrus caused by P. digitatum. C1 [Hershkovitz, Vera; Taha-Salaime, Leena; Rafael, Ginat; Kessler, Clarita; Droby, Samir] Agr Res Org, Volcani Ctr, Dept Postharvest & Food Sci, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. [Sela, Noa] Agr Res Org, Volcani Ctr, Dept Plant Pathol & Weed Res, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. [Taha-Salaime, Leena; Aly, Radi] Newe Yaar Res Ctr, Volcani Ctr, Dept Plant Pathol & Weed Res, IL-30095 Ramat Yeshai, Israel. [Taha-Salaime, Leena; Levy, Maggie] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Robert H Smith Fac Agr Food & Environm, IL-76100 Revovot, Israel. [Liu, Jia; Wisniewski, Michael] ARS, USDA, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Droby, S (reprint author), Agr Res Org, Volcani Ctr, Dept Postharvest & Food Sci, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. EM samird@volcani.agri.gov.il RI Sela, Noa/C-5133-2008 FU U.S. - Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development (BARD) Foundation [IS-4268-09] FX This study was supported in part by a grant (IS-4268-09) from the U.S. - Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development (BARD) Foundation. NR 51 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 6 U2 81 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD MAR 12 PY 2013 VL 14 AR 168 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-14-168 PG 13 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 113QI UT WOS:000316682200001 PM 23496978 ER PT J AU Regier, JC Mitter, C Zwick, A Bazinet, AL Cummings, MP Kawahara, AY Sohn, JC Zwickl, DJ Cho, S Davis, DR Baixeras, J Brown, J Parr, C Weller, S Lees, DC Mitter, KT AF Regier, Jerome C. Mitter, Charles Zwick, Andreas Bazinet, Adam L. Cummings, Michael P. Kawahara, Akito Y. Sohn, Jae-Cheon Zwickl, Derrick J. Cho, Soowon Davis, Donald R. Baixeras, Joaquin Brown, John Parr, Cynthia Weller, Susan Lees, David C. Mitter, Kim T. TI A Large-Scale, Higher-Level, Molecular Phylogenetic Study of the Insect Order Lepidoptera (Moths and Butterflies) SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CODING NUCLEAR GENES; EVOLUTION; CLASSIFICATION; BOOTSTRAP; GLOSSATA; LIFE; TREE; HOMOLOGIES; SUPPORT AB Background: Higher-level relationships within the Lepidoptera, and particularly within the species-rich subclade Ditrysia, are generally not well understood, although recent studies have yielded progress. We present the most comprehensive molecular analysis of lepidopteran phylogeny to date, focusing on relationships among superfamilies. Methodology / Principal Findings: 483 taxa spanning 115 of 124 families were sampled for 19 protein-coding nuclear genes, from which maximum likelihood tree estimates and bootstrap percentages were obtained using GARLI. Assessment of heuristic search effectiveness showed that better trees and higher bootstrap percentages probably remain to be discovered even after 1000 or more search replicates, but further search proved impractical even with grid computing. Other analyses explored the effects of sampling nonsynonymous change only versus partitioned and unpartitioned total nucleotide change; deletion of rogue taxa; and compositional heterogeneity. Relationships among the non-ditrysian lineages previously inferred from morphology were largely confirmed, plus some new ones, with strong support. Robust support was also found for divergences among non-apoditrysian lineages of Ditrysia, but only rarely so within Apoditrysia. Paraphyly for Tineoidea is strongly supported by analysis of nonsynonymous-only signal; conflicting, strong support for tineoid monophyly when synonymous signal was added back is shown to result from compositional heterogeneity. Conclusions / Significance: Support for among-superfamily relationships outside the Apoditrysia is now generally strong. Comparable support is mostly lacking within Apoditrysia, but dramatically increased bootstrap percentages for some nodes after rogue taxon removal, and concordance with other evidence, strongly suggest that our picture of apoditrysian phylogeny is approximately correct. This study highlights the challenge of finding optimal topologies when analyzing hundreds of taxa. It also shows that some nodes get strong support only when analysis is restricted to nonsynonymous change, while total change is necessary for strong support of others. Thus, multiple types of analyses will be necessary to fully resolve lepidopteran phylogeny. C1 [Regier, Jerome C.] Univ Maryland, Inst Biosci & Biotechnol Res, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Regier, Jerome C.; Mitter, Charles; Sohn, Jae-Cheon; Mitter, Kim T.] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Zwick, Andreas] State Museum Nat Hist, Stuttgart, Germany. [Bazinet, Adam L.; Cummings, Michael P.] Univ Maryland, Lab Mol Evolut, Ctr Bioinformat & Computat Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Kawahara, Akito Y.] Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Zwickl, Derrick J.] Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Tucson, AZ USA. [Cho, Soowon] Chungbuk Natl Univ, Dept Plant Med, Chonju, South Korea. [Davis, Donald R.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Baixeras, Joaquin] Univ Valencia, Cavanilles Inst Biodivers & Evolutionary Biol, Valencia, Spain. [Brown, John] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Parr, Cynthia] Smithsonian Inst, Encyclopedia Life, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Weller, Susan] Univ Minnesota, Dept Entomol, St Paul, MN USA. [Lees, David C.] Nat Hist Museum, Dept Life Sci, London SW7 5BD, England. RP Regier, JC (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Inst Biosci & Biotechnol Res, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM regier@umd.edu; cmitter@umd.edu RI Yakovlev, Roman/J-7243-2013; Baixeras, Joaquin/L-1734-2014; Zwick, Andreas/A-5735-2015 OI Baixeras, Joaquin/0000-0002-6092-0496; FU U. S. National Science Foundation's Assembling the Tree of Life program [1042845, 0531626, 0531769] FX Financial support was provided by the U. S. National Science Foundation's Assembling the Tree of Life program, award numbers 1042845, 0531626, and 0531769. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 67 TC 93 Z9 97 U1 5 U2 113 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 12 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 3 AR e58568 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0058568 PG 23 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 107WV UT WOS:000316252500031 PM 23554903 ER PT J AU Dixon, JW Rasmussen, RD AF Dixon, Joseph W. Rasmussen, Ryan D. TI REPEATED PREDATION OF MEADOW FRITILLARIES (BOLORIA BELLONA) BY AMBUSH BUGS (PHYMATA SPP.) SO JOURNAL OF THE LEPIDOPTERISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Eupatorium perfoliatum; fen ID AMERICANA C1 [Dixon, Joseph W.] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Muscatine, IA 52761 USA. RP Dixon, JW (reprint author), Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, 3500 Oakview Dr,Suite A, Muscatine, IA 52761 USA. EM joe.dixon@ia.usda.gov; rd_rass@hotmail.com NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU LEPIDOPTERISTS SOC PI LOS ANGELES PA 900 EXPOSITION BLVD, LOS ANGELES, CA 90007-4057 USA SN 0024-0966 J9 J LEPID SOC JI J. Lepid. Soc. PD MAR 11 PY 2013 VL 67 IS 1 BP 57 EP 59 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 302KB UT WOS:000330602300008 ER PT J AU Bailey, RL Gahche, JJ Miller, PE Thomas, PR Dwyer, JT AF Bailey, Regan L. Gahche, Jaime J. Miller, Paige E. Thomas, Paul R. Dwyer, Johanna T. TI Why US Adults Use Dietary Supplements SO JAMA INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE; NATIONAL-HEALTH; UNITED-STATES; CANCER; VITAMIN; WOMEN; METAANALYSIS; PREVENTION; PATTERNS AB Background: Dietary supplements are used by more than half of adults, although to our knowledge, the reasons motivating use have not been previously examined in US adults using nationally representative data. The purpose of this analysis was to examine motivations for dietary supplement use, characterize the types of products used for the most commonly reported motivations, and to examine the role of physicians and health care practitioners in guiding choices about dietary supplements. Methods: Data from adults (>= 20 years; n = 11 956) were examined in the 2007-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a nationally representative, cross-sectional, population-based survey. Results: The most commonly reported reasons for using supplements were to "improve" (45%) or "maintain" (33%) overall health. Women used calcium products for "bone health" (36%), whereas men were more likely to report supplement use for "heart health or to lower cholesterol" (18%). Older adults (>= 60 years) were more likely than younger individuals to report motivations related to site-specific reasons like heart, bone and joint, and eye health. Only 23% of products were used based on recommendations of a health care provider. Multivitaminmineral products were the most frequently reported type of supplement taken, followed by calcium and omega-3 or fish oil supplements. Supplement users are more likely to report very good or excellent health, have health insurance, use alcohol moderately, eschew cigarette smoking, and exercise more frequently than nonusers. Conclusions: Supplement users reported motivations related to overall health more commonly than for supplementing nutrients from food intakes. Use of supplements was related to more favorable health and lifestyle choices. Less than a quarter of supplements used by adults were recommended by a physician or health care provider. C1 [Bailey, Regan L.; Thomas, Paul R.; Dwyer, Johanna T.] NIH, Off Dietary Supplements, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Miller, Paige E.] NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Gahche, Jaime J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Dwyer, Johanna T.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Dwyer, Johanna T.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Dwyer, Johanna T.] Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Bailey, RL (reprint author), NIH, Off Dietary Supplements, 6100 Execut Blvd,3B01, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM baileyr@mail.nih.gov OI Dwyer, Johanna/0000-0002-0783-1769 FU NIH, Office of Dietary Supplements FX This work was supported by the NIH, Office of Dietary Supplements. NR 36 TC 121 Z9 122 U1 4 U2 53 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 2168-6106 J9 JAMA INTERN MED JI JAMA Intern. Med. PD MAR 11 PY 2013 VL 173 IS 5 BP 355 EP 361 DI 10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.2299 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 153OY UT WOS:000319613100007 PM 23381623 ER PT J AU Grahn, THM Zhang, Y Lee, MJ Sommer, AG Mostoslavsky, G Fried, SK Greenberg, AS Puri, V AF Grahn, Tan Hooi Min Zhang, Yan Lee, Mi-Jeong Sommer, Andreia Gianotti Mostoslavsky, Gustavo Fried, Susan K. Greenberg, Andrew S. Puri, Vishwajeet TI FSP27 and PLIN1 interaction promotes the formation of large lipid droplets in human adipocytes SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Adipocytes; Fat metabolism; Fatty acids; Glycerol; Fat; Lipolysis ID FAT-SPECIFIC PROTEIN-27; HORMONE-SENSITIVE LIPASE; PERILIPIN-A; PARTIAL LIPODYSTROPHY; INSULIN SENSITIVITY; MEDIATED LIPOLYSIS; INCREASE LIPOLYSIS; 3T3-L1 ADIPOCYTES; CELL-DEATH; STORAGE AB Human adipocytes express high levels of two distinct lipid droplet proteins, fat specific protein 27 (FSP27; also called CIDEC), a member of the CIDE family, and perilipin1 (PLIN1), a member of the PAT family. Both proteins play a role in fat metabolism in adipocytes, but how they interact is not known. Our present study demonstrates that FSP27 and PLIN1 co-localize and interact in cultured human primary adipocytes. We also found that the C-terminal domain of FSP27, aa 120-220, interacts with PLIN1. Individual expression of exogenous FSP27 or PLIN1 increased triglyceride content and decreased glycerol release (a measure of lipolysis), but co-expression of both proteins did not further increase triglyceride content or decrease lipolysis in human adipocytes. However, the combination of PLIN1 and FSP27 increased the average size of lipid droplets or caused the formation of unilocular adipocytes. Our data suggest that FSP27 interacts with PLIN1 to regulate lipid droplet size in human adipocytes in a concerted manner. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Grahn, Tan Hooi Min; Zhang, Yan; Lee, Mi-Jeong; Fried, Susan K.; Puri, Vishwajeet] Boston Univ, Dept Med, Sch Med, Sect Endocrinol Diabet & Nutr, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Sommer, Andreia Gianotti; Mostoslavsky, Gustavo] Boston Univ, Dept Med, Sch Med, Gastroenterol Sect, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Greenberg, Andrew S.] Tufts Univ, Obes & Metab Lab, JM USDA HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Greenberg, AS (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Obes & Metab Lab, JM USDA HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM andrew.greenberg@tufts.edu; vpuri@bu.edu OI Fried, Susan/0000-0003-1101-9332 FU Boston Nutrition and Obesity Research Center (NIH-NIDDK) [P30DK046200]; Evans Medical Foundation pilot grant; NIH-NIDDK [R56DK094815, R24 DK087669, DK08257, 5U01ES020958-03]; USDA Agricultural Service [58-1950-7-707] FX We gratefully acknowledge Drs. Keith Tornheim and Vishva Sharma for critically reading the manuscript. This work was supported by a pilot grant from the Boston Nutrition and Obesity Research Center (NIH-NIDDK grant P30DK046200; to VP and ASG), an Evans Medical Foundation pilot grant (to VP), NIH-NIDDK R56DK094815 (to VP), R24 DK087669, DK08257 and 5U01ES020958-03 (to ASG) and grant 58-1950-7-707 from the USDA Agricultural Service (to ASG). NR 42 TC 29 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 20 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD MAR 8 PY 2013 VL 432 IS 2 BP 296 EP 301 DI 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.01.113 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 110JP UT WOS:000316438700016 PM 23399566 ER PT J AU Ceglia, L Niramitmahapanya, S Price, LL Harris, SS Fielding, RA Dawson-Hughes, B AF Ceglia, Lisa Niramitmahapanya, Sathit Price, Lori L. Harris, Susan S. Fielding, Roger A. Dawson-Hughes, Bess TI An evaluation of the reliability of muscle fiber cross-sectional area and fiber number measurements in rat skeletal muscle SO BIOLOGICAL PROCEDURES ONLINE LA English DT Article DE Skeletal muscle; Muscle fiber cross-sectional area; Fiber number; Myofibrillar ATPase activity ID GROWING RATS; OVARIECTOMY; SURVIVAL; HINDLIMB; ESTROGEN; GROWTH; INJURY; SIZE AB Background: The reliability of estimating muscle fiber cross-sectional area (measure of muscle fiber size) and fiber number from only a subset of fibers in rat hindlimb muscle cross-sections has not been systematically evaluated. This study examined the variability in mean estimates of fiber cross-sectional area as a function of the number of fibers measured, and tested whether counting a subset of fibers in a cross-section could predict total fiber number in middle-aged rats. Results: Soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle cross-sections from 23-month-old, male Fisher 344 x Brown Norway rats were stained for myofibrillar ATPase activity to identify muscle fiber type (either type I [slow-twitch] or II [fast-twitch]) and laminin to facilitate fiber cross-sectional measurements. We outlined the circumference of 1000 to 1600 single muscle fibers for measurement of fiber cross-sectional area within muscle sections. Mean type I fiber cross-sectional area was based on soleus muscle sections which were predominantly composed of type I muscle fibers. Mean type II fiber cross-sectional area was based on EDL muscle sections which were predominantly composed of type II muscle fibers. A bootstrapping resampling technique demonstrated that variability in sampling distribution of mean type I and II fiber cross-sectional areas decreased and gradually stabilized as the number of fibers measured increased with large declines in variability occurring at numbers below 150 fibers. Coefficients of variation for bootstrapped mean type I fiber cross-sectional areas were lower than for type II. In the same muscle sections, total fiber number was compared to fiber numbers within 1, 2, 3, and 4 fixed field areas (10x magnification; 1000 x 1500 pixels in size/field) on the cross-section. Fiber numbers from 3 to 4 fields (approximating 15 to 20% of the cross-section) provided a reasonably predictive value of total fiber number (r=0.57-0.59, P=0.003). Conclusions: These data describe a pattern of improved precision in estimating mean fiber cross-sectional area as sample size of fibers measured increases to at least 150 in this rat model. Counting 15-20% of the fibers in cross-sections provides a reasonably reliable estimate of the total fiber number. C1 [Ceglia, Lisa] Tufts Med Ctr, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Metab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ceglia, Lisa; Niramitmahapanya, Sathit; Harris, Susan S.; Fielding, Roger A.; Dawson-Hughes, Bess] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Niramitmahapanya, Sathit] Rangsit Univ, Coll Med, Rajavithi Hosp, Dept Med, Bangkok, Thailand. [Price, Lori L.] Tufts Med Ctr, Inst Clin Res & Hlth Policy Studies, Biostat Res Ctr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Ceglia, L (reprint author), Tufts Med Ctr, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Metab, Box 268,800,Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM Lisa.ceglia@tufts.edu FU Boston Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center [5P30AG031679]; Tufts Clinical and Translational Science Institute Grant from the National Center for Research Resources [UL1 RR025752]; United Stated Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [58-1950-7-707] FX We thank the Comparative Biology Unit and the Nutrition Evaluation Laboratory at the Jean Mayer United States Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University for their help with the study. The research study was supported by the Boston Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center (5P30AG031679), the Tufts Clinical and Translational Science Institute Grant (UL1 RR025752) from the National Center for Research Resources, and the United Stated Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, under agreement No. 58-1950-7-707. The contents of this publication are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the National Center for Research Resources or the United States Department of Agriculture. NR 12 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 16 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1480-9222 J9 BIOL PROCED ONLINE JI Biol. Proced. Online PD MAR 8 PY 2013 VL 15 AR 6 DI 10.1186/1480-9222-15-6 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 106WL UT WOS:000316175300001 PM 23497012 ER PT J AU Parys, KA Harris, SC AF Parys, Katherine A. Harris, Steven C. TI Larva of Nothotrichia shasta Harris & Armitage (Trichoptera: Hydroptilidae) from California, USA, with its phylogenetic and taxonomic implications SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE caddisflies; microcaddisflies; United States AB Nothotrichia Flint 1967 is a small genus of infrequently collected microcaddisflies known from Chile and Brazil in South America, Costa Rica in Central America, and the United States in North America. Previously known only from adult specimens, we provide the first description and illustration of a larva in the genus, the larva of N. shasta from California, USA. We provide characters to separate Nothotrichia from other similar genera and an updated key to larval Hydroptilidae modified from that of Wiggins (1996). Larval characters provide additional evidence for the phylogeny and classification of the genus, which we now place tentatively in tribe Ochrotrichiini (subfamily Hydroptilinae). C1 [Parys, Katherine A.] ARS, USDA, Southern Insects Management Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Harris, Steven C.] Clarion Univ Pennsylvania, Dept Biol, Clarion, PA 16214 USA. RP Parys, KA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Southern Insects Management Res Unit, 141 Expt Stn Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM katherine.parys@ars.usda.gov; sharris@clarion.edu NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD MAR 8 PY 2013 VL 3620 IS 4 BP 589 EP 595 PG 7 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 103RU UT WOS:000315937400008 PM 26120728 ER PT J AU Naoumkina, M Hinchliffe, DJ Turley, RB Bland, JM Fang, DD AF Naoumkina, Marina Hinchliffe, Doug J. Turley, Rickie B. Bland, John M. Fang, David D. TI Integrated metabolomics and genomics analysis provides new insights into the fiber elongation process in Ligon lintless-2 mutant cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Cotton; Li-2 mutation; Fiber; Elongation; Metabolomics; Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) ID BETA-GLUCAN SYNTHETASE; GENE-EXPRESSION; AUXIN TRANSPORT; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; CELL ELONGATION; GOLGI MEMBRANES; METABOLITE PROFILES; PLANT METABOLOMICS; SUCROSE SYNTHASE; DNA-CONTENT AB Background: The length of cotton fiber is an important agronomic trait characteristic that directly affects the quality of yarn and fabric. The cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) fiber mutation, Ligon lintless-2, is controlled by a single dominant gene (Li-2) and results in extremely shortened lint fibers on mature seeds with no visible pleiotropic effects on vegetative growth and development. The Li-2 mutant phenotype provides an ideal model system to study fiber elongation. To understand metabolic processes involved in cotton fiber elongation, changes in metabolites and transcripts in the Li-2 mutant fibers were compared to wild-type fibers during development. Results: Principal component analysis of metabolites from GC-MS data separated Li-2 mutant fiber samples from WT fiber samples at the WT elongation stage, indicating that the Li-2 mutation altered the metabolome of the mutant fibers. The observed alterations in the Li-2 metabolome included significant reductions in the levels of detected free sugars, sugar alcohols, sugar acids, and sugar phosphates. Biological processes associated with carbohydrate biosynthesis, cell wall loosening, and cytoskeleton were also down-regulated in Li-2 fibers. Gamma-aminobutyric acid, known as a signaling factor in many organisms, was significantly elevated in mutant fibers. Higher accumulation of 2-ketoglutarate, succinate, and malate suggested higher nitrate assimilation in the Li-2 line. Transcriptional activation of genes involved in nitrogen compound metabolism along with changes in the levels of nitrogen transport amino acids suggested re-direction of carbon flow into nitrogen metabolism in Li-2 mutant fibers. Conclusions: This report provides the first comprehensive analysis of metabolite and transcript changes in response to the Li-2 mutation in elongating fibers. A number of factors associated with cell elongation found in this study will facilitate further research in understanding metabolic processes of cotton fiber elongation. C1 [Naoumkina, Marina; Fang, David D.] ARS, Cotton Fiber Biosci Res Unit, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Hinchliffe, Doug J.] ARS, Cotton Chem & Utilizat Res Unit, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Turley, Rickie B.] ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, USDA, Mid South Area, Stoneville, MS 38772 USA. [Bland, John M.] ARS, Food Proc & Sensory Qual Res Unit, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Naoumkina, M (reprint author), ARS, Cotton Fiber Biosci Res Unit, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM marina.naoumkina@ars.usda.gov OI fang, david/0000-0003-0036-5459 FU United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service [6435-21000-016-00D] FX This research was funded by United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service project number 6435-21000-016-00D. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U. S. Department of Agriculture. NR 80 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 33 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD MAR 7 PY 2013 VL 14 AR 155 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-14-155 PG 16 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 109XC UT WOS:000316402700001 PM 23497242 ER PT J AU Cornman, RS Boncristiani, H Dainat, B Chen, YP vanEngelsdorp, D Weaver, D Evans, JD AF Cornman, Robert Scott Boncristiani, Humberto Dainat, Benjamin Chen, Yanping vanEngelsdorp, Dennis Weaver, Daniel Evans, Jay D. TI Population-genomic variation within RNA viruses of the Western honey bee, Apis mellifera, inferred from deep sequencing SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Apis mellifera; Deformed wing virus; Israel acute paralysis virus; Single nucleotide polymorphism; Population genomics ID DEFORMED-WING-VIRUS; ACUTE PARALYSIS VIRUS; COLONY COLLAPSE DISORDER; VARROA-DESTRUCTOR; REPLICATION; RECOMBINATION; PATHOGENESIS; ISRAEL; MITE AB Background: Deep sequencing of viruses isolated from infected hosts is an efficient way to measure population-genetic variation and can reveal patterns of dispersal and natural selection. In this study, we mined existing Illumina sequence reads to investigate single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within two RNA viruses of the Western honey bee (Apis mellifera), deformed wing virus (DWV) and Israel acute paralysis virus (IAPV). All viral RNA was extracted from North American samples of honey bees or, in one case, the ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor. Results: Coverage depth was generally lower for IAPV than DWV, and marked gaps in coverage occurred in several narrow regions (< 50 bp) of IAPV. These coverage gaps occurred across sequencing runs and were virtually unchanged when reads were re-mapped with greater permissiveness (up to 8% divergence), suggesting a recurrent sequencing artifact rather than strain divergence. Consensus sequences of DWV for each sample showed little phylogenetic divergence, low nucleotide diversity, and strongly negative values of Fu and Li's D statistic, suggesting a recent population bottleneck and/or purifying selection. The Kakugo strain of DWV fell outside of all other DWV sequences at 100% bootstrap support. IAPV consensus sequences supported the existence of multiple clades as had been previously reported, and Fu and Li's D was closer to neutral expectation overall, although a sliding-window analysis identified a significantly positive D within the protease region, suggesting selection maintains diversity in that region. Within-sample mean diversity was comparable between the two viruses on average, although for both viruses there was substantial variation among samples in mean diversity at third codon positions and in the number of high-diversity sites. F-ST values were bimodal for DWV, likely reflecting neutral divergence in two low-diversity populations, whereas IAPV had several sites that were strong outliers with very low F-ST. Conclusions: This initial survey of genetic variation within honey bee RNA viruses suggests future directions for studies examining the underlying causes of population-genetic structure in these economically important pathogens. C1 [Cornman, Robert Scott; Boncristiani, Humberto; Dainat, Benjamin; Chen, Yanping; Evans, Jay D.] USDA ARS, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Dainat, Benjamin] Swiss Bee Res Ctr, Agroscope Liebefeld Posieux Res Stn, CH-3003 Bern, Switzerland. [vanEngelsdorp, Dennis] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Weaver, Daniel] Bee Power LP, Navasota, TX 77868 USA. RP Cornman, RS (reprint author), USGS, Leetown Sci Ctr, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM scott.cornman@gmail.com RI Evans, Jay/C-8408-2012; vanEngelsdorp, Dennis/E-7934-2010 OI Evans, Jay/0000-0002-0036-4651; FU Coordinate Agricultural Project on Pollinator Health (USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture); National Honey Board FX We thank Keith Delaplane and Jennifer Berry for providing larvae from the University of Georgia Apiary. Dawn Lopez prepared samples for sequencing. This project was supported by the Coordinate Agricultural Project on Pollinator Health (USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture) and the National Honey Board. NR 40 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 92 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD MAR 7 PY 2013 VL 14 AR 154 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-14-154 PG 14 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 107GW UT WOS:000316204200001 PM 23497218 ER PT J AU Suddaby, LA Beulke, S van Beinum, W Celis, R Koskinen, WC Brown, CD AF Suddaby, Laura A. Beulke, Sabine van Beinum, Wendy Celis, Rafael Koskinen, William C. Brown, Colin D. TI Reanalysis of Experiments To Quantify Irreversibility of Pesticide Sorption-Desorption in Soil SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE irreversible sorption; three-site model; pesticide; soil; isotope exchange ID DISTRIBUTED REACTIVITY MODEL; LONG-TERM SORPTION; EXCHANGE TECHNIQUE; ORGANIC-CHEMICALS; DIFFUSION; RESIDUES; HYSTERESIS; SEDIMENTS; MECHANISMS; MATTER AB Previously published research used an isotope-exchange technique to measure irreversibility of pesticide sorption-desorption in soil. Results indicated significant irreversibility (6-51%) in sorption in five pesticide-soil systems measured over 72 h. Here, we propose a three-site model to reanalyze the experimental data. The model adds a slow but reversible binding on nonequilibrium sorption sites in addition to instantaneously reversible sites and irreversible sites. The model was able to match experimental data very closely, but only if irreversible sorption was assumed to be absent. Observed asymmetry in the binding of C-12- and C-14-pesticide was explained on the basis of nonattainment of sorption equilibrium over the study period. Results suggest that irreversible sorption may be less significant than previously considered with important implications for understanding the fate of pesticides applied to soil. C1 [Suddaby, Laura A.; Brown, Colin D.] Univ York, Dept Environm, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. [Beulke, Sabine; van Beinum, Wendy] Food & Environm Res Agcy, York YO41 1LZ, N Yorkshire, England. [Celis, Rafael] Sci Res Council CSIC, Inst Nat Resources & Agrobiol Seville IRNAS, Seville 41012, Spain. [Koskinen, William C.] Univ Minnesota, Soil & Water Management Res Unit, ARS, USDA, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Suddaby, LA (reprint author), Univ York, Dept Environm, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. EM laurasuddaby@gmail.com RI Celis, Rafael/D-8074-2012 OI Celis, Rafael/0000-0002-0548-0774 FU EPSRC; Syngenta Ltd FX EPSRC and Syngenta Ltd are gratefully acknowledged for funding this research. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 28 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAR 6 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 9 BP 2033 EP 2038 DI 10.1021/jf304422n PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 103RP UT WOS:000315936900003 PM 23387992 ER PT J AU Wang, ZF Chen, P Yu, LL Harrington, PD AF Wang, Zhengfang Chen, Pei Yu, Liangli Harrington, Peter de B. TI Authentication of Organically and Conventionally Grown Basils by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Chemical Profiles SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID BUILDING EXPERT-SYSTEM; OPTIMAL ASSOCIATIVE MEMORY; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; DISCRIMINANT-ANALYSIS; OCIMUM-BASILICUM; NEURAL NETWORKS; CLASSIFICATION; SPECTRA; SIMCA; EXTRACTION AB Basil plants cultivated by organic and conventional farming practices were accurately classified by pattern recognition of gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) data. A novel extraction procedure was devised to extract characteristic compounds from ground basil powders. Two in-house fuzzy classifiers, i.e., the fuzzy rule-building expert system (FuRES) and the fuzzy optimal associative memory (FOAM) for the first time, were used to build classification models. Two crisp classifiers, i.e., soft independent modeling by class analogy (SIMCA) and the partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), were used as control methods. Prior to data processing, baseline correction and retention time alignment were performed. Classifiers were built with the two-way data sets, the total ion chromatogram representation of data sets, and the total mass spectrum representation of data sets, separately. Bootstrapped Latin partition (BLP) was used as an unbiased evaluation of the classifiers. By using two-way data sets, average classification rates with FuRES, FOAM, SIMCA, and PLS-DA were 100 +/- 0%, 94.4 +/- 0.4%, 93.3 +/- 0.4%, and 100 +/- 0%, respectively, for 100 independent evaluations. The established classifiers were used to classify a new validation set collected 2.5 months later with no parametric changes except that the training set and validation set were individually mean-centered. For the new two-way validation set, classification rates with FuRES, FOAM, SIMCA, and PLS-DA were 100%, 93%, 97%, and 100%, respectively. Thereby, the GC/MS analysis was demonstrated as a viable approach for organic basil authentication. It is the first time that a FOAM has been applied to classification. A novel baseline correction method was used also for the first time. The FuRES and the FOAM are demonstrated as powerful tools for modeling and classifying GC/MS data of complex samples, and the data pretreatments are demonstrated to be useful to improve the performance of classifiers. C1 [Wang, Zhengfang; Harrington, Peter de B.] Ohio Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Clippinger Labs, Ctr Intelligent Chem Instrumentat, Athens, OH 45701 USA. [Chen, Pei] USDA, Food Composit & Methods Dev Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Yu, Liangli] Univ Maryland, Coll Agr & Nat Resources, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Harrington, PD (reprint author), Ohio Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Clippinger Labs, Ctr Intelligent Chem Instrumentat, Athens, OH 45701 USA. EM peter.harrington@ohio.edu RI Wang, Zhengfang/I-5961-2015; OI Wang, Zhengfang/0000-0003-4158-3313; Harrington, Peter/0000-0003-0268-8630 FU Agricultural Research Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture; Office of Dietary Supplements of the National Institutes of Health [Y01-OD001298-01]; Center for Intelligent Chemical Instrumentation and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry at Ohio University FX This research was supported by the Agricultural Research Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture and an Interagency Agreement with the Office of Dietary Supplements of the National Institutes of Health (Grant #Y01-OD001298-01). The Center for Intelligent Chemical Instrumentation and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry at Ohio University are acknowledged for the financial support. Dr. Xiaobo Sun is thanked for her suggestions. NR 31 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 38 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD MAR 5 PY 2013 VL 85 IS 5 BP 2945 EP 2953 DI 10.1021/ac303445v PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 118NG UT WOS:000317031600056 PM 23398171 ER PT J AU Hall, WA Pennington, MR Johnston, MV AF Hall, Wiley A. Pennington, M. Ross Johnston, Murray V. TI Molecular Transformations Accompanying the Aging of Laboratory Secondary Organic Aerosol SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; OLIGOMER FORMATION; NANO-AEROSOL; CHEMISTRY; EVOLUTION; PRODUCTS; NANOPARTICLES; OZONOLYSIS; ATMOSPHERE; OXIDATION AB The aging of fresh secondary organic aerosol (SOA), formed in a flow tube reactor by a-pinene ozonolysis, was studied by passing the fresh SOA into a second chamber for reaction with high levels of the hydroxyl radical. Two types of experiments were performed: (1) injection of a short plug of fresh SOA into the second chamber, where the particle mass and average O/C mole ratio were measured as a function of time after injection, and (2) injection of a continuous stream of fresh SOA into the second chamber, where particles were collected on a filter over a period of time for off line analysis by high performance mass spectrometry. These setups allowed the chemistry of SOA aging to be elucidated. The particle mass decreased and average O/C ratio increased with increasing aging time. Aged SOA showed an oligomer distribution shifted to lower molecular weight (fragmentation) and molecular formulas with higher O/C and lower H/C ratios (functionalization). Carbon oxidation states of individual molecules were higher for aged SOA, 0 to +2, than fresh SOA, 1 to 0. Tandem mass spectrometry of oligomers from fresh SOA showed small neutral losses associated with less oxidized functional groups such as aldehydes and ketones, while oligomers from aged SOA showed losses associated with more highly oxidized groups such as acids and peroxyacids. Product ion spectra of fresh SOA showed monomer building blocks with formulas corresponding to primary ozonolysis products such as pinic and pinonic acids, whereas aged SOA monomer building blocks corresponded to extremely oxidized products such as dimethyltricarballylic acid. C1 [Hall, Wiley A.] ARS, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Pennington, M. Ross; Johnston, Murray V.] Univ Delaware, Dept Chem & Biochem, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RP Johnston, MV (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Chem & Biochem, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM mvj@udel.edu FU National Science Foundation [CHE1110554] FX This research was supported by the National Science Foundation under grant number CHE1110554. The authors thank Derrick Allen for his contributions to the experimental apparatus. NR 36 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 95 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD MAR 5 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 5 BP 2230 EP 2237 DI 10.1021/es303891q PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 102KT UT WOS:000315844200013 PM 23390983 ER PT J AU Wu, WH Hildebrand, A Kasuga, T Xiong, XC Fan, ZL AF Wu, Weihua Hildebrand, Amanda Kasuga, Takao Xiong, Xiaochao Fan, Zhiliang TI Direct cellobiose production from cellulose using sextuple beta-glucosidase gene deletion Neurospora crassa mutants SO ENZYME AND MICROBIAL TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Neurospora crassa; Beta-glucosidase; Cellulase; Cellobiose ID LEADING PRETREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES; TRICHODERMA-REESEI; GENOME SEQUENCE; BGL1 GENE; INDUCTION; BIOMASS; ETHANOL; CELLOBIOHYDROLASE; SWITCHGRASS; DEGRADATION AB Direct cellobiose production from cellulose by a genetically modified fungus-Neurospora crassa, was explored in this study. A library of N. crassa sextuple beta-glucosidase (bgl) gene deletion strains was constructed. Various concentrations of cellobiose were detected in the culture broth of the N. crassa sextuple beta-glucosidase (bgl) gene deletion strains when grown on Avicel without exogenous cellulase addition. The sextuple bgl deletion strains expressing one of the three basally transcribed bgl genes are the best cellobiose producers. For most sextuple strains, the multiple bgl gene deletion has no negative effect on the production of other cellulases. The induction of major endoglucanases and exoglucanases on Avicel in most of the sextuple bgl deletions strains was as fast as or faster than that of the wild type, except for strain F4. The best cellobiose producing strain, F5, produced 7.7 g/L of cellobiose from 20 g/L of Avicel in four days and utilized the Avicel as fast as did the wild type (even in the presence of high cellobiose concentration). The cellobiose yield from cellulose was about 48.3%. (c) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Wu, Weihua; Hildebrand, Amanda; Xiong, Xiaochao; Fan, Zhiliang] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Kasuga, Takao] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Kasuga, Takao] ARS, USDA, Washington, DC USA. RP Fan, ZL (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM jzfan@ucdavis.edu FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-67009-20060]; California Energy Commission [55779A/08-03] FX This project was supported by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive grant no. 2011-67009-20060 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture and by California Energy Commission grant 55779A/08-03. The authors thank Professors Jean VanderGheynst and Rebecca Parales for the qPCR and nano-drop equipment support. NR 33 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 34 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0141-0229 J9 ENZYME MICROB TECH JI Enzyme Microb. Technol. PD MAR 5 PY 2013 VL 52 IS 3 BP 184 EP 189 DI 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2012.12.010 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 111QM UT WOS:000316535800009 PM 23410930 ER PT J AU Sutivisedsak, N Leathers, TD Bischoff, KM Nunnally, MS Peterson, SW AF Sutivisedsak, Nongnuch Leathers, Timothy D. Bischoff, Kenneth M. Nunnally, Melinda S. Peterson, Stephen W. TI Novel sources of beta-glucanase for the enzymatic degradation of schizophyllan SO ENZYME AND MICROBIAL TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE beta-glucanase; Hypocrea nigricans; Penicillium simplicissimum; Penicillium crustosum; Schizophyllum commune; Schizophyllan ID CURDLAN; COMMUNE; POLYSACCHARIDE; PURIFICATION; LAMINARIN AB Schizophyllan is a homoglucan produced by the fungus Schizophyllum commune, with a beta-1,3-linked backbone and beta-1,6-linked side chains of single glucose units at every other residue. Schizophyllan is commercially produced for pharmaceutical and cosmetics uses. However, surprisingly little information is available on the biodegradation of schizophyllan. Enzymes that attack schizophyllan could be useful for controlled modifications of the polymer for novel applications. Enrichment cultures were used to isolate 20 novel fungal strains from soil samples, capable of growing on schizophyllan as a sole carbon source. Three additional strains were isolated as contaminants of stored schizophyllan solutions. Strains showing the highest levels of beta-glucanase activity were identified as Penicillium simplicissi mum, crustosum, and Hypocrea nig-ricans. beta-glucanases also showed activity against the similar beta-glucans, laminarin and curdlan. By comparison, commercial beta-glucanase from Trichoderma longibrachiatum and laminarinase from Trichoderma sp. showed lower specific activities toward schizophyllan than most of the novel isolates. beta-glucanases from P. simplicissimum and H. nigri cans exhibited temperature optima of 60 degrees C and 50 degrees C against schizophyllan, respectively, with broad pH optima around pH 5.0. Partial purifications of beta-glucanase from P. simplicissimum and P. crustosum demonstrated the presence of multiple active endoglucanase species, including a 20-25 kD enzyme from P. simplicissimum. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Sutivisedsak, Nongnuch; Leathers, Timothy D.; Bischoff, Kenneth M.; Nunnally, Melinda S.] ARS, Renewable Prod Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Peterson, Stephen W.] ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Leathers, TD (reprint author), ARS, Renewable Prod Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 North Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM tim.leathers@ars.usda.gov FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2010-65504-20377] FX Expert technical assistance was provided by Erika Hertenstein. This project was supported by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2010-65504-20377 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. NR 22 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 36 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0141-0229 J9 ENZYME MICROB TECH JI Enzyme Microb. Technol. PD MAR 5 PY 2013 VL 52 IS 3 BP 203 EP 210 DI 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2012.12.002 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 111QM UT WOS:000316535800013 PM 23410934 ER PT J AU Morin, E Kohler, A Baker, AR Foulongne-Oriol, M Lombard, V Nagy, LG Ohm, RA Patyshakuliyeva, A Brun, A Aerts, AL Bailey, AM Billette, C Coutinho, PM Deakin, G Doddapaneni, H Floudas, D Grimwood, J Hilden, K Kues, U LaButti, KM Lapidus, A Lindquist, EA Lucas, SM Murat, C Riley, RW Salamov, AA Schmutz, J Subramanian, V Wosten, HAB Xu, JP Eastwood, DC Foster, GD Sonnenberg, ASM Cullen, D de Vries, RP Lundell, T Hibbett, DS Henrissat, B Burton, KS Kerrigan, RW Challen, MP Grigoriev, IV Martin, F AF Morin, Emmanuelle Kohler, Annegret Baker, Adam R. Foulongne-Oriol, Marie Lombard, Vincent Nagy, Laszlo G. Ohm, Robin A. Patyshakuliyeva, Aleksandrina Brun, Annick Aerts, Andrea L. Bailey, Andrew M. Billette, Christophe Coutinho, Pedro M. Deakin, Greg Doddapaneni, Harshavardhan Floudas, Dimitrios Grimwood, Jane Hilden, Kristiina Kuees, Ursula LaButti, Kurt M. Lapidus, Alla Lindquist, Erika A. Lucas, Susan M. Murat, Claude Riley, Robert W. Salamov, Asaf A. Schmutz, Jeremy Subramanian, Venkataramanan Wosten, Han A. B. Xu, Jianping Eastwood, Daniel C. Foster, Gary D. Sonnenberg, Anton S. M. Cullen, Dan de Vries, Ronald P. Lundell, Taina Hibbett, David S. Henrissat, Bernard Burton, Kerry S. Kerrigan, Richard W. Challen, Michael P. Grigoriev, Igor V. Martin, Francis TI Genome sequence of the button mushroom Agaricus bisporus reveals mechanisms governing adaptation to a humic-rich ecological niche (vol 109, pg 17501, 2012) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Correction C1 [Morin, Emmanuelle; Kohler, Annegret; Brun, Annick; Murat, Claude; Martin, Francis] Univ Henri Poincare, INRA, Unite Mixte Rech 1136, F-54280 Champenoux, France. [Baker, Adam R.] Univ Warwick, Warwick CV35 9EF, England. [Foulongne-Oriol, Marie; Billette, Christophe] INRA, Mycol & Securite Aliments UR1264, F-33883 Villenave Dornon, France. [Lombard, Vincent; Coutinho, Pedro M.; Henrissat, Bernard] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Unite Mixte Rech 7257, F-13288 Marseille 9, France. [Nagy, Laszlo G.; Floudas, Dimitrios; Hibbett, David S.] Clark Univ, Dept Biol, Worcester, MA 01610 USA. [Ohm, Robin A.; Aerts, Andrea L.; LaButti, Kurt M.; Lapidus, Alla; Lindquist, Erika A.; Lucas, Susan M.; Riley, Robert W.; Salamov, Asaf A.; Grigoriev, Igor V.] US DOE, Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. [Ohm, Robin A.; Wosten, Han A. B.] Univ Utrecht, Dept Microbiol, NL-3584 CH Utrecht, Netherlands. [Patyshakuliyeva, Aleksandrina; de Vries, Ronald P.] Royal Netherlands Acad Arts & Sci, Fungal Biodivers Ctr, Cent Bur Schimmelcultures, NL-3584 CT Utrecht, Netherlands. [Bailey, Andrew M.; Foster, Gary D.] Univ Bristol, Sch Biol Sci, Bristol BS8 1UG, Avon, England. [Deakin, Greg; Burton, Kerry S.] East Malling Res, East Malling ME19 6BJ, Kent, England. [Deakin, Greg] TEAGASC, Crops Environm & Land Use Programme, Mushroom Res Grp, Ashtown Dublin 15, Ireland. [Doddapaneni, Harshavardhan] Univ Iowa, Dept Biol, Carver Ctr Genom, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Grimwood, Jane; Schmutz, Jeremy] US DOE, Hudson Alpha Inst, Joint Genome Inst, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. [Hilden, Kristiina; Lundell, Taina] Univ Helsinki, Dept Food & Environm Sci, Div Microbiol, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Kuees, Ursula] Univ Gottingen, Busgen Inst, Dept Mol Wood Biotechnol & Tech Mycol, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. [Subramanian, Venkataramanan] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Biosci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Xu, Jianping] McMaster Univ, Dept Biol, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. [Eastwood, Daniel C.] Univ Swansea, Coll Sci, Dept Biosci, Swansea SA2 8PP, W Glam, Wales. [Sonnenberg, Anton S. M.] Wageningen Univ, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands. [Cullen, Dan] Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Kerrigan, Richard W.] Sylvan Biosci, Kittanning, PA 16201 USA. [Challen, Michael P.] Univ Oxford, Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford OX3 7BN, England. RP Morin, E (reprint author), Univ Henri Poincare, INRA, Unite Mixte Rech 1136, F-54280 Champenoux, France. RI Schmutz, Jeremy/N-3173-2013; de Vries, Ronald/F-8125-2011; Ohm, Robin/I-6689-2016; Lundell, Taina/P-6623-2016 OI Schmutz, Jeremy/0000-0001-8062-9172; de Vries, Ronald/0000-0002-4363-1123; Lundell, Taina/0000-0003-3899-1658 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 33 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAR 5 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 10 BP 4146 EP 4146 DI 10.1073/pnas.1300201110 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 109OH UT WOS:000316377400095 ER PT J AU Wyckoff, AC Lockwood, KL Meyerett-Reid, C Michel, BA Bender, H VerCauteren, KC Zabel, MD AF Wyckoff, A. Christy Lockwood, Krista L. Meyerett-Reid, Crystal Michel, Brady A. Bender, Heather VerCauteren, Kurt C. Zabel, Mark D. TI Estimating Prion Adsorption Capacity of Soil by BioAssay of Subtracted Infectivity from Complex Solutions (BASICS) SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE; SCRAPIE AGENT; IN-VITRO; ENVIRONMENTAL SOURCES; HUMIC SUBSTANCES; PROTEIN; DEER; FATE; PRP; TRANSMISSION AB Prions, the infectious agent of scrapie, chronic wasting disease and other transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, are misfolded proteins that are highly stable and resistant to degradation. Prions are known to associate with clay and other soil components, enhancing their persistence and surprisingly, transmissibility. Currently, few detection and quantification methods exist for prions in soil, hindering an understanding of prion persistence and infectivity in the environment. Variability in apparent infectious titers of prions when bound to soil has complicated attempts to quantify the binding capacity of soil for prion infectivity. Here, we quantify the prion adsorption capacity of whole, sandy loam soil (SLS) typically found in CWD endemic areas in Colorado; and purified montmorillonite clay (Mte), previously shown to bind prions, by BioAssay of Subtracted Infectivity in Complex Solutions (BASICS). We incubated prion positive 10% brain homogenate from terminally sick mice infected with the Rocky Mountain Lab strain of mouse-adapted prions (RML) with 10% SLS or Mte. After 24 hours samples were centrifuged five minutes at 200xg and soil-free supernatant was intracerebrally inoculated into prion susceptible indicator mice. We used the number of days post inoculation to clinical disease to calculate the infectious titer remaining in the supernatant, which we subtracted from the starting titer to determine the infectious prion binding capacity of SLS and Mte. BASICS indicated SLS bound and removed >= 95% of infectivity. Mte bound and removed lethal doses (99.98%) of prions from inocula, effectively preventing disease in the mice. Our data reveal significant prion-binding capacity of soil and the utility of BASICS to estimate prion loads and investigate persistence and decomposition in the environment. Additionally, since Mte successfully rescued the mice from prion disease, Mte might be used for remediation and decontamination protocols. C1 [Wyckoff, A. Christy; Lockwood, Krista L.; Meyerett-Reid, Crystal; Michel, Brady A.; Bender, Heather; Zabel, Mark D.] Colorado State Univ, Prion Res Ctr, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Wyckoff, A. Christy; VerCauteren, Kurt C.] Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, USDA, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Zabel, MD (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Prion Res Ctr, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM mark.zabel@colostate.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Services [08-7488-0680] FX United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Services Cooperative Agreement number 08-7488-0680 (CA) funded this work. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 59 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 7 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 4 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 3 AR e58630 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0058630 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 099PY UT WOS:000315634900096 PM 23484043 ER PT J AU Ferguson, SC Dahale, A Shotorban, B Mahalingam, S Weise, DR AF Ferguson, Selina C. Dahale, Ambarish Shotorban, Babak Mahalingam, Shankar Weise, David R. TI The Role of Moisture on Combustion of Pyrolysis Gases in Wildland Fires SO COMBUSTION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Pyrolysis; Wildland fire ID NORTHERN AUSTRALIA; REDUCED MECHANISM; TROPICAL SAVANNA; LIVE; PROPAGATION; IGNITION; BEHAVIOR; PARTICLE; FLAME; HEAT AB The role of water vapor, originated from the moisture content in vegetation, on the combustion process was investigated via simulating an opposed diffusion flame and a laminar premixed flame with pyrolysis gases as the fuel and air as the oxidizer. The fuel was mixed with water vapor, and the simulation was repeated for various water mole fractions. In both of the diffusion and premixed flames, the smaller the water mole fraction, the higher the maximum temperature. No reactions occurred when the water mole fraction was 0.65 or larger in the diffusion flame, and 0.70 or larger in the premixed flame. The maximum energy release rate and the flame speed decreased with the increase of the water mole fraction in the premixed flame. In both flames, O-2 and H were the components that showed dramatic changes with the change of the water mole fraction. C1 [Ferguson, Selina C.; Dahale, Ambarish; Shotorban, Babak; Mahalingam, Shankar] Univ Alabama, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Weise, David R.] US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, USDA, Riverside, CA USA. RP Shotorban, B (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, 5000 Technol Dr, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. EM babak.shotorban@uah.edu OI Mahalingam, Shankar/0000-0002-4543-7201 FU USDA Forest Service PSW Research Station [10-JV-11272166-091] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the USDA Forest Service PSW Research Station through cooperative agreement 10-JV-11272166-091 awarded to the University of Alabama in Huntsville. NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-2202 J9 COMBUST SCI TECHNOL JI Combust. Sci. Technol. PD MAR 4 PY 2013 VL 185 IS 3 BP 435 EP 453 DI 10.1080/00102202.2012.726666 PG 19 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 096CS UT WOS:000315382200005 ER PT J AU Hafner, S Brown, CC Zhang, J AF Hafner, S. Brown, C. C. Zhang, J. TI Green Algal Peritonitis in 2 Cows SO VETERINARY PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE algae; cattle diseases; Chlorella; ITS2 genes; peritonitis; Scenedesmus ID INFECTION AB Peritonitis due to infections with green algae was diagnosed at slaughter (in Texas and South Dakota) in 2 cows. One cow also had a generalized lymphadenitis. The intralesional green algae were histologically similar to those previously associated with bovine lymphadenitis. Amplified and sequenced algal ITS2 genes had higher homology with the genus Scenedesmus than with Chlorella. C1 [Hafner, S.] Food Safety & Inspect Serv, USDA, Off Publ Hlth Sci, Eastern Lab, Athens, GA USA. [Brown, C. C.; Zhang, J.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Pathol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Hafner, S (reprint author), USDA, FSIS Eastern Lab, Russell Res Ctr, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM scott.hafner@fsis.usda.gov NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 7 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0300-9858 EI 1544-2217 J9 VET PATHOL JI Vet. Pathol. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 50 IS 2 BP 256 EP 259 DI 10.1177/0300985812450722 PG 4 WC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences SC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences GA 298AO UT WOS:000330296500007 PM 22688588 ER PT J AU Balasa, A Stinnett, G Bravo, J Mahadevan, S Pautler, R Van den Veyver, I AF Balasa, A. Stinnett, G. Bravo, J. Mahadevan, S. Pautler, R. Van den Veyver, I. TI Exposure to Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress (CUMS) during Early Development Causes Autistic like Traits in Genetically Predisposed Shank3 Mutant Male Mice SO REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 60th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Society-for-Gynecologic-Investigation (SGI) CY MAR 20-23, 2013 CL Orlando, FL SP Soc Gynecol Invest C1 [Balasa, A.] ARS, USDA, CNRC, BCM, Houston, TX USA. [Pautler, R.] Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1933-7191 EI 1933-7205 J9 REPROD SCI JI Reprod. Sci. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 20 IS S3 SU 3 BP 82A EP 82A PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 287LK UT WOS:000329543100068 ER PT J AU Salama, SA Diaz-Arrastia, CR Mohammad, MA Kilic, GS AF Salama, Salama A. Diaz-Arrastia, Concepcion R. Mohammad, Mahmoud A. Kilic, Gokhan S. TI 17-beta-Estradiol Up Regulates Pyruvate Kinase M2 Expression in Endometrial Cells to Co-Activate Estrogen Receptor-alpha and To Integrate the Mitogenic Response with the Proliferative Metabolism: A Potential Target for Estrogen-Induced Endometrial Proliferation SO REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 60th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Society-for-Gynecologic-Investigation (SGI) CY MAR 20-23, 2013 CL Orlando, FL SP Soc Gynecol Invest C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Texas Med Branch, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. Baylor Coll Med, ARS, USDA, Dept Pediat,Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1933-7191 EI 1933-7205 J9 REPROD SCI JI Reprod. Sci. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 20 IS S3 SU 3 BP 86A EP 86A PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 287LK UT WOS:000329543100081 ER PT J AU Balasa, A Fiorotto, M Van den Veyver, I AF Balasa, A. Fiorotto, M. Van den Veyver, I. TI Chronic Maternal Protein Deprivation Affects Body Composition and Energy Expenditure of Adult Male Offspring. SO REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 60th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Society-for-Gynecologic-Investigation (SGI) CY MAR 20-23, 2013 CL Orlando, FL SP Soc Gynecol Invest C1 [Balasa, A.; Fiorotto, M.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS CNRC, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Van den Veyver, I.] Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1933-7191 EI 1933-7205 J9 REPROD SCI JI Reprod. Sci. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 20 IS S3 SU 3 BP 272A EP 273A PG 2 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 287LK UT WOS:000329543100713 ER PT J AU Balasa, A Dove, C Anders, A Allen, G Van den Veyver, I AF Balasa, A. Dove, C. Anders, A. Allen, G. Van den Veyver, I. TI Transcriptome Analysis of the Hypothalamus of 21-Day and 1-Year Old Male Mice Exposed to Chronic Maternal Protein Deprivation during Early Development. SO REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 60th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Society-for-Gynecologic-Investigation (SGI) CY MAR 20-23, 2013 CL Orlando, FL SP Soc Gynecol Invest C1 [Balasa, A.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS CNRC, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Dove, C.; Anders, A.; Allen, G.; Van den Veyver, I.] Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Allen, G.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1933-7191 EI 1933-7205 J9 REPROD SCI JI Reprod. Sci. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 20 IS S3 SU 3 BP 273A EP 274A PG 2 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 287LK UT WOS:000329543100717 ER PT J AU Balasa, A Van den Veyver, I AF Balasa, A. Van den Veyver, I. TI Chronic Maternal Protein Deprivation Causes Anxiety-Like Traits in Adult Male Offspring Mice. SO REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 60th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Society-for-Gynecologic-Investigation (SGI) CY MAR 20-23, 2013 CL Orlando, FL SP Soc Gynecol Invest C1 [Balasa, A.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS CNRC, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Van den Veyver, I.] Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1933-7191 EI 1933-7205 J9 REPROD SCI JI Reprod. Sci. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 20 IS S3 SU 3 BP 273A EP 273A PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 287LK UT WOS:000329543100714 ER PT J AU Herbst-Kralovetz, MM Radtke, AL Lay, MK Hjelm, BE Bolick, AN Sarker, SS Atmar, RL Kingsley, DH Arntzen, CJ Estes, MK Nickerson, CA AF Herbst-Kralovetz, Melissa M. Radtke, Andrea L. Lay, Margarita K. Hjelm, Brooke E. Bolick, Alice N. Sarker, Shameema S. Atmar, Robert L. Kingsley, David H. Arntzen, Charles J. Estes, Mary K. Nickerson, Cheryl A. TI Lack of Norovirus Replication and Histo-Blood Group Antigen Expression in 3-Dimensional Intestinal Epithelial Cells SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID NORWALK VIRUS-INFECTION; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION-PCR; ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS; BINDING PATTERNS; UNITED-STATES; CACO-2 CELLS; PATHOGENESIS; TYPE-1; ASSAY; SUSCEPTIBILITY AB Noroviruses (NoVs) are a leading cause of gastroenteritis worldwide. An in vitro model for NoV replication remains elusive, making study of the virus difficult. A previous study, which used a 3-dimensional (3-D) intestinal model derived from INT-407 cells reported NoV replication and extensive cytopathic effects (CPE). Using the same 3-D model, but with highly purified Norwalk virus (NV), we attempted to replicate this study. Our results showed no evidence of NV replication by real-time PCR of viral RNA or by immunocytochemical detection of viral structural and nonstructural proteins. Immunocytochemical analysis of the 3-D cultures also showed no detectable presence of histo-blood group antigens that participate in NV binding and host tropism.,To determine the potential cause of ORE observed in the previous study, we exposed 3-D cultures to lipopolysaccharide concentrations consistent with contaminated stool samples and observed morphologic features similar to CPE. We conclude that the 3-D INT-407 model does not support NV replication. C1 [Herbst-Kralovetz, Melissa M.] Univ Arizona, Coll Med, Dept Basic Med Sci, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA. [Radtke, Andrea L.] Univ Arizona, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA. [Herbst-Kralovetz, Melissa M.; Radtke, Andrea L.; Hjelm, Brooke E.; Bolick, Alice N.; Sarker, Shameema S.; Arntzen, Charles J.; Nickerson, Cheryl A.] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ USA. [Lay, Margarita K.; Atmar, Robert L.; Estes, Mary K.] Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Lay, Margarita K.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Santiago, Chile. [Hjelm, Brooke E.] Translat Genom Res Inst, Phoenix, AZ USA. [Kingsley, David H.] USDA, Dover, DE USA. RP Herbst-Kralovetz, MM (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Coll Med Phoenix, Dept Basic Med Sci, 445 N 5th St,TGen Bldg,3rd Floor, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA. EM mherbst1@email.arizona.edu OI Herbst-Kralovetz, Melissa/0000-0002-8540-5917 FU Science Foundation of Arizona; National Institutes of Health; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [IU19 A1062150-01]; US Department of Agriculture [2008-35201-04684] FX This work was supported by grants from The Science Foundation of Arizona, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (IU19 A1062150-01), and the US Department of Agriculture (2008-35201-04684). NR 41 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 6 U2 10 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAR PY 2013 VL 19 IS 3 BP 431 EP 438 DI 10.3201/eid1903.121029 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 268LU UT WOS:000328173000011 PM 23622517 ER PT J AU Wheeler, CA Welsh, HH Ollivier, LM AF Wheeler, Clara A. Welsh, Hartwell H., Jr. Ollivier, Lisa M. TI Reproductive Biology of the Del Norte Salamander (Plethodon elongatus) SO JOURNAL OF HERPETOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RED-BACKED SALAMANDER; LIFE-HISTORY; MOUNTAIN SALAMANDER; ECOLOGY; HABITAT; GROWTH; POPULATION; ALLOCATION; CALIFORNIA; VEHICULUM AB We examined seasonal reproductive patterns of the Del Norte Salamander, Plethodon elongatus, in mixed conifer and hardwood forests of northwestern California and southwestern Oregon. Seasonal size differences in reproductive structures suggested that maximum spermatogenic activity occurred during the late summer, with spermatozoa transfer to the vasa deferentia occurring in the fall through spring. Maximum development of mature follicles occurred during the winter; however, follicular growth occurred year-round and was asynchronous among individuals. Courtship and mating probably occurred in late fall through early spring, with egg deposition from spring into early summer. Reproduction for females was not annual, and patterns suggested that the reproductive cycle was biennial or less frequent. In contrast, evidence indicated annual reproduction in males. Gravid females contained an average of 10 mature follicles. C1 [Wheeler, Clara A.; Welsh, Hartwell H., Jr.; Ollivier, Lisa M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. RP Wheeler, CA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. EM cawheeler@fs.fed.us NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 5 PU SOC STUDY AMPHIBIANS REPTILES PI ST LOUIS PA C/O ROBERT D ALDRIDGE, ST LOUIS UNIV, DEPT BIOLOGY, 3507 LACLEDE, ST LOUIS, MO 63103 USA SN 0022-1511 EI 1937-2418 J9 J HERPETOL JI J. Herpetol. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 47 IS 1 BP 131 EP 137 DI 10.1670/11-141 PG 7 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 264TG UT WOS:000327903300019 ER PT J AU Comstock, JC AF Comstock, Jack C. TI Sugarcane Diseases: Futuristic Management Strategies SO SUGAR TECH LA English DT Letter C1 ARS, USDA, Sugarcane Field Stn, Canal Point, FL USA. RP Comstock, JC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Sugarcane Field Stn, Canal Point, FL USA. EM jack.comstock@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER INDIA PI NEW DELHI PA 7TH FLOOR, VIJAYA BUILDING, 17, BARAKHAMBA ROAD, NEW DELHI, 110 001, INDIA SN 0972-1525 J9 SUGAR TECH JI Sugar Tech. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 15 IS 1 BP 1 EP 2 DI 10.1007/s12355-012-0193-6 PG 2 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 265FG UT WOS:000327934700001 ER PT J AU Preisler, HK Ager, AA Wisdom, MJ AF Preisler, Haiganoush K. Ager, Alan A. Wisdom, Michael J. TI Analyzing animal movement patterns using potential functions SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Cervus elaphus; gradient system; movement; potential function; R code; Rocky Mountain elk; Starkey Experimental Forest and Range; stochastic differential equation ID RANDOM-WALKS; MULE DEER; ELK; MODELS; RESPONSES; UNGULATE; ECOLOGY; SWARMS AB The advent of GPS technology has made it possible to study human-wildlife interactions on large landscapes and quantify behavioral responses to recreation and other anthropogenic disturbances at increasingly fine scales. Of particular interest are the potential impacts on habitat use patterns, energetics, and cascading impacts on fecundity and other life history traits for key wildlife species that are exposed to human activities. Statistical models quantifying effects of human activity on animal movement on a heterogeneous landscape are essential for understanding these potential impacts. Here we present a statistical framework for analyzing movement data that is based on the concept of a potential surface. The potential surface is motivated by the assumption that animals are moving on a space-time surface with regions or points of attraction or of repulsion. We demonstrate the use of the technique by analyzing movement data from a long-term controlled experiment to evaluate the responses of free ranging Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus) to anthropogenic disturbances that vary in time and space. Our results demonstrated a strong avoidance of elk to all-terrain vehicles detected up to one km from the disturbance. Elk avoidance of mountain bikers was detected up to 500 m, and avoidance of hikers and horseback riders was detected to 200 m. C1 [Preisler, Haiganoush K.] US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, UDSA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Ager, Alan A.; Wisdom, Michael J.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, La Grande, OR 97850 USA. RP Preisler, HK (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, UDSA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM hpreisler@fs.fed.us FU Oregon Department of Parks and Recreation; USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Station; USDA Forest Service Southwest Research Station FX We thank Professor David Brillinger for his comments and help during the preparation of this manuscript. We thank Jennifer Hafer and Bridgett Naylor for data preparation and management. We are also thankful to two referees and the associate editor for their valuable comments on the manuscript. Special thanks go to Michelle Day for her help with Fig. 2 and other copy editing issues. This research was supported with funding from the Oregon Department of Parks and Recreation and the USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest and Pacific Southwest Research Stations. NR 35 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 37 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD MAR PY 2013 VL 4 IS 3 AR UNSP 32 DI 10.1890/ES12-00286.1 PG 13 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 256JV UT WOS:000327307300001 ER PT J AU Wallace, BP Kot, CY DiMatteo, AD Lee, T Crowder, LB Lewison, RL AF Wallace, Bryan P. Kot, Connie Y. DiMatteo, Andrew D. Lee, Tina Crowder, Larry B. Lewison, Rebecca L. TI Impacts of fisheries bycatch on marine turtle populations worldwide: toward conservation and research priorities SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE bycatch rates; distinct population segments; fisheries bycatch; fisheries mortality; longlines; marine megafauna; marine turtle; nets; regional management units; stock assessment; trawls ID LOGGERHEAD SEA-TURTLES; LEPIDOCHELYS-OLIVACEA; INCIDENTAL CAPTURE; PELAGIC LONGLINES; DELAYED MORTALITY; SPATIAL-PATTERNS; CARETTA-CARETTA; USA FISHERIES; MANAGEMENT; REDUCTION AB Fisheries bycatch is considered the most serious threat globally to long-lived marine megafauna (e. g., mammals, birds, turtles, elasmobranchs). However, bycatch assessments to date have not evaluated population-level bycatch impacts across fishing gears. Here, we provide the first global, multi-gear evaluation of population-level fisheries bycatch impacts for marine turtles. To compare bycatch impacts of multiple gears within and among marine turtle populations (or regional management units, RMUs), we compiled more than 1,800 records from over 230 sources of reported marine turtle bycatch in longline, net, and trawl fisheries worldwide that were published between 1990-2011. The highest bycatch rates and levels of observed effort for each gear category occurred in the East Pacific, Northwest and Southwest Atlantic, and Mediterranean regions, which were also the regions of highest data availability. Overall, available data were dominated by longline records (nearly 60% of all records), and were non-uniformly distributed, with significant data gaps around Africa, in the Indian Ocean, and Southeast Asia. We found that bycatch impact scores-which integrate information on bycatch rates, fishing effort, mortality rates, and body sizes (i.e., proxies for reproductive values) of turtles taken as bycatch-as well as mortality rates in particular, were significantly lower in longline fishing gear than in net and trawl fishing gears. Based on bycatch impact scores and RMU-specific population metrics, we identified the RMUs most and least threatened by bycatch globally, and found wide variation among species, regions, and gears within these classifications. The lack of regional or species-specific patterns in bycatch impacts across fishing gears suggests that gear types and RMUs in which bycatch has the highest impact depend on spatially-explicit overlaps of fisheries (e. g., gear characteristics, fishing practices, target species), marine turtle populations (e. g., conservation status, aggregation areas), and underlying habitat features (e. g., oceanographic conditions). Our study provides a blueprint both for prioritizing limited conservation resources toward managing fishing gears and practices with the highest population impacts on sea turtles and for enhancing data collection and reporting efforts. C1 [Wallace, Bryan P.; Lee, Tina] Conservat Int, Global Marine Div, Arlington, VA 22202 USA. [Wallace, Bryan P.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch, Div Marine Sci & Conservat, Marine Lab, Beaufort, NC 25816 USA. [Kot, Connie Y.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Marine Geospatial Ecol Lab, Marine Lab, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA. [DiMatteo, Andrew D.] USDA, Naval Facil Engn Command Atlantic, Norfolk, VA 23508 USA. [Crowder, Larry B.] Stanford Univ, Ctr Ocean Solut, Monterey, CA 93940 USA. [Lewison, Rebecca L.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Biol, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. RP Wallace, BP (reprint author), Ocean Soc, Marine Flagship Species Program, 624 Keefer Pl NW, Washington, DC 20010 USA. EM wallace@oceanicsociety.org OI Lewison, Rebecca/0000-0003-3065-2926 FU National Fish and Wildlife Foundation; Trott Family Foundation; Offield Family Foundation; Goldring Family Foundation FX National Fish and Wildlife Foundation provided financial support for this work. T. L. was sponsored by a grant from the Trott Family Foundation to Conservation International. We also acknowledge the support of the Offield Family Foundation and the Goldring Family Foundation. We recognize and are grateful to S. Kelez, R. Bjorkland, S. McDonald, T. McDonald, E. Finkbeiner, and S. Helmbrecht for their efforts in compiling the database and in previous analyses. This study was initiated under Project GloBAL (Global Bycatch Assessment of Long-lived species) at Duke University. NR 48 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 3 U2 58 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD MAR PY 2013 VL 4 IS 3 AR UNSP 40 DI 10.1890/ES12-00388.1 PG 49 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 256JV UT WOS:000327307300009 ER PT J AU Nealon, J Gleaton, E AF Nealon, Jack Gleaton, Elvera TI Consolidation and Standardization of Survey Operations at a Decentralized Federal Statistical Agency SO JOURNAL OF OFFICIAL STATISTICS LA English DT Article DE Virtualization; survey metadata; analytical database; transactional database; generalized application services AB With tighter federal budgets on the horizon, the National Agricultural Statistics Service decided in 2009 to pursue three architectural transformations, primarily to provide savings in staff resource costs by enabling the centralization or regionalization of survey operations. The transformational initiatives involved: (1) centralizing and consolidating network services from 48 locations; (2) standardizing survey metadata and integrating survey data into easily accessible databases across all surveys; and (3) consolidating and generalizing survey applications for the agency's diverse survey program. The three architectural transformations will be described as well as initial efforts to consolidate and standardize survey operations across the agency. C1 [Gleaton, Elvera] USDA, NASS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM Elvera.Gleaton@nass.usda.gov NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU VERSITA PI WARSAW PA SOLIPSKA 14A-1, 02-482 WARSAW, POLAND SN 0282-423X J9 J OFF STAT JI J. Off. Stat. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 29 IS 1 BP 5 EP 28 DI 10.2478/jos-2013-0002 PG 24 WC Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences; Mathematics GA 254AN UT WOS:000327132300002 ER PT J AU Osbrink, W Cornelius, M AF Osbrink, W. Cornelius, M. TI Utility of Acoustical Detection of Coptotermes formosanus (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) SO SOCIOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE AED 2000; AED 2010; Formosan subterranean termite; tree; monitoring; pest control ID SUBTERRANEAN TERMITE ISOPTERA; WOOD; POPULATIONS AB The AED 2000 and 2010 are extremely sensitive listening devices which can effectively detect and monitor termite activity through a wave guide (e. g. bolt) both qualitatively and quantitatively. Experiments conducted with one to ten thousand termites from differing colonies infesting wood in buckets demonstrated that acoustical emission detector readings significantly increased when number of termites increased. Termites were also detected in infested trees with the installation of several wave guides into their trunks. These devices can detect termites and changes in termite activity caused by changes in termite numbers, making it an effective pest management professional and research tool for finding and evaluating termite infestations and efficacy of treatments in specific locations. C1 [Osbrink, W.] USDA ARS SPA, Kerrville, TX USA. [Cornelius, M.] USDA ARS BARC, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Osbrink, W (reprint author), USDA ARS SPA Knipling Bushland US, Livestock Insects Res Lab, 2700 Fredericksburg Rd, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. EM weste.osbrink@ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV ESTADUAL FEIRA SANTANA PI FEIRA DE SANTANA PA AV TRANSORDESTINA S N NOVO HORIZONTE, FEIRA DE SANTANA, BAHAI CEP44036-900, BRAZIL SN 0361-6525 J9 SOCIOBIOLOGY JI Sociobiology PD MAR PY 2013 VL 60 IS 1 BP 69 EP 76 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 253PO UT WOS:000327101800011 ER PT J AU Osbrink, W Cornelius, M AF Osbrink, W. Cornelius, M. TI Acoustic Evaluation of Trees for Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) Treated with Imidacloprid and Noviflumuron in Historic Jackson Square, New Orleans, Louisiana SO SOCIOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Formosan termite; AED; reinvasion ID SUBTERRANEAN TERMITES ISOPTERA; RETICULITERMES-FLAVIPES; INDEPENDENT MONITORS; NITROGEN-FIXATION; ELIMINATION; BAITS; WOOD; SOIL; TERMITICIDES; INFESTATIONS AB Nine years of periodic acoustical monitoring of 93 trees active with Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki, were evaluated for imidacloprid tree foam and noviflumuron bait to reduce termite activity in trees. Long term, imidacloprid suppressed but did not eliminate termite activity in treated trees. Noviflumuron bait did not significantly reduce the proportion of trees with high termite activity but significantly increased the number of trees with no termite activity. Noviflumuron changed termite distribution by possibly eliminating only some fraction of numerous colonies whereby surviving colonies avoided trees containing dead termites. C1 [Osbrink, W.] USDA ARS SPA Knipling Bushland US, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. [Cornelius, M.] USDA ARS BARC, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Osbrink, W (reprint author), USDA ARS SPA Knipling Bushland US, Livestock Insects Res Lab, 2700 Fredericksburg Rd, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. EM weste.osbrink@ars.usda.gov NR 52 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU UNIV ESTADUAL FEIRA SANTANA PI FEIRA DE SANTANA PA AV TRANSORDESTINA S N NOVO HORIZONTE, FEIRA DE SANTANA, BAHAI CEP44036-900, BRAZIL SN 0361-6525 J9 SOCIOBIOLOGY JI Sociobiology PD MAR PY 2013 VL 60 IS 1 BP 77 EP 95 PG 19 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 253PO UT WOS:000327101800012 ER PT J AU Blersch, DM Kangas, PC Mulbry, WW AF Blersch, David M. Kangas, Patrick C. Mulbry, Walter W. TI Turbulence and nutrient interactions that control benthic algal production in an engineered cultivation raceway SO ALGAL RESEARCH-BIOMASS BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Benthic algae; Cultivation; Nitrogen; Turbulence; Biomass production; Productivity ID FRESH-WATER ALGAE; DAIRY MANURE; CURRENT VELOCITY; STREAM PERIPHYTON; LOADING RATES; GROWTH; COMMUNITIES; RESPONSES; FLOW; RECOVERY AB Flow turbulence can be a controlling factor to the growth of benthic algae, but few studies have quantified this relationship in engineered cultivation systems. Experiments were performed to understand the limiting role of turbulence to algal productivity in an algal turf scrubber (ATS) for benthic algal cultivation. Volumetric flow rate and wave surge frequency were independently manipulated in an ATS operating over a range of nitrogen loading rates, and the effects on algal biomass productivity were measured through periodic sacrificial harvest. Productivity followed a saturation relationship versus nitrogen loading rate for the range of turbulence conditions. When flow rate was held constant, a maximum productivity of 26.8 g dW m(-2) d(-1) was observed at a wave surge frequency of 17 min(-1) at high nitrogen loading rates, with lower productivities at higher and lower frequencies. The productivity was similar (26.4 g dW m(-2) d(-1)) when the volumetric flow rate was increased with surge frequency held constant. Productivity was influenced by wave surge power, itself strongly determined by wave amplitude as set by volumetric flow rate. These results contribute to the understanding of the limiting factor effects of flow turbulence on algal production that can inform the optimization of the benthic algal cultivation. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Blersch, David M.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Civil Struct & Environm Engn, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Kangas, Patrick C.] Univ Maryland, Dept Environm Sci & Technol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Mulbry, Walter W.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Blersch, DM (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, 212 Ketter Hall, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. EM dblersch@buffalo.edu RI Blersch, David/L-7490-2015 FU USDA Food and Agricultural Sciences National Needs Graduate Fellowship Grants Program FX The authors gratefully acknowledge Shannon Ingram of the USDA ARS EMBUL for her help with experiments. Support for D. Blersch during these experiments was provided by the USDA Food and Agricultural Sciences National Needs Graduate Fellowship Grants Program. NR 33 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 8 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2211-9264 J9 ALGAL RES JI Algal Res. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 2 IS 2 BP 107 EP 112 DI 10.1016/j.algal.2013.01.001 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 243UP UT WOS:000326343700003 ER PT J AU Jin, XX Huang, YB Thomson, SJ Elliott, RB AF Jin, Xixuan Huang, Yanbo Thomson, Steven J. Elliott, Robert B. TI Effects of conidial densities and spray volume of Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana fungal suspensions on conidial viability, droplet size and deposition coverage in bioassay using a novel bioassay spray system SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bioassay; conidial viability; droplet distribution; Beauveria bassiana; Metarhizium anisopliae ID COMPATIBLE NONIONIC SURFACTANT; BALANCE HLB NUMBER; AERIAL CONIDIA AB A newly developed spray tower was used to characterise droplet distribution and coverage of conidial suspensions of Metarhizium anisopliae ATCC 62176 and Beauveria bassiana NI8 with different spray volumes. ATCC 62176 and NI8 had different spray models which could be caused by the surface physicochemical characteristics of the strains and conidia. C1 [Jin, Xixuan; Elliott, Robert B.] USDA ARS MSA, Natl Biol Control Lab, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, Stoneville, MS USA. [Huang, Yanbo; Thomson, Steven J.] USDA ARS MSA, Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, Stoneville, MS USA. RP Jin, XX (reprint author), USDA ARS MSA, Natl Biol Control Lab, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, Stoneville, MS USA. EM xixuan.jin@ars.usda.gov NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 EI 1360-0478 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PD MAR 1 PY 2013 VL 23 IS 3 BP 362 EP 366 DI 10.1080/09583157.2012.758687 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 243XP UT WOS:000326352000009 ER PT J AU Shen, CL Luo, YG Nou, XW Wang, Q Millner, P AF Shen, Cangliang Luo, Yaguang Nou, Xiangwu Wang, Qin Millner, Patricia TI Dynamic Effects of Free Chlorine Concentration, Organic Load, and Exposure Time on the Inactivation of Salmonella, Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Non-O157 Shiga Toxin-Producing E. coli SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID CROSS-CONTAMINATION; WATER-QUALITY; UNITED-STATES; CUT LETTUCE; WASH; O157-H7; SURVIVAL; EFFICACY; SANITIZERS; OUTBREAKS AB This study evaluated the dynamic effects of free-chlorine (FC) concentration, contact time, and organic load on the inactivation of Salmonella, Escherichia coli O157:H7, and non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) in suspension. Bacterial cells from four strains each of Salmonella, E. coli O157: H7, and non-O157 STEC were inoculated separately or as a multistrain cocktail into solutions with varying FC concentrations. Lettuce or tomato extract was used to simulate the organic matter present during commercial fresh and fresh-cut produce wash operations. After exposure to FC for various lengths of time, the bacterial survival and water-quality changes were determined. In the absence of organic matter in a wash solution, pathogen inactivation is primarily a function of initial FC concentration (P < 0.0001), exposure time (P < 0.0001), and pathogen strains (P, 0.0001). In general, an over 4.5-log CFU/ml pathogen reduction was found after exposure to >0.5 mg/liter FC for over 30 s, or to >1.0 mg/liter FC for over 5 s. When the combination of FC concentration and contact time were less than or equal to the above conditions, survival of pathogens was strain dependant and ranked as: Salmonella > E. coli O157: H7. non-O157 STEC. When organic matter was present in the wash solution, pathogen inactivation efficacy was specifically dependent on the residual FC concentration, which directly relates to both the initial FC concentration and the organic load. Prevention of pathogen survival in chlorinated produce wash solutions can be achieved by maintaining sufficient FC concentration and reducing the accumulation of organic matter. C1 [Shen, Cangliang; Luo, Yaguang; Nou, Xiangwu; Millner, Patricia] ARS, USDA, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Shen, Cangliang; Wang, Qin] Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Luo, YG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Yaguang.Luo@ars.usda.gov FU USDA, National Institutes of Food and Agriculture, Specialty Crops Research Initiative [2010-51181-21230] FX This research is partially supported by a grant from USDA, National Institutes of Food and Agriculture, Specialty Crops Research Initiative (award no. 2010-51181-21230). NR 28 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 40 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 76 IS 3 BP 386 EP 393 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-12-320 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 240EV UT WOS:000326078600002 PM 23462074 ER PT J AU Porto-Fett, ACS Shoyer, BA Thippareddi, H Luchansky, JB AF Porto-Fett, Anna C. S. Shoyer, Bradley A. Thippareddi, Harshavardhan Luchansky, John B. TI Fate of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Mechanically Tenderized Beef Prime Rib following Searing, Cooking, and Holding under Commercial Conditions SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID TOXIN-PRODUCING O157/H7; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; THERMAL INACTIVATION; STEAKS; PREVALENCE; SURVIVAL; O157-H7; SURFACE AB We evaluated the effect of commercial times and temperatures for searing, cooking, and holding on the destruction of Escherichia coli O157:H7 (ECOH) within mechanically tenderized prime rib. Boneless beef ribeye was inoculated on the fat side with ca. 5.7 log CFU/g of a five-strain cocktail of ECOH and then passed once through a mechanical tenderizer with the fat side facing upward. The inoculated and tenderized prime rib was seared by broiling at 260 degrees C for 15 min in a conventional oven and then cooked in a commercial convection oven at 121.1 degrees C to internal temperatures of 37.8, 48.9, 60.0, and 71.1 degrees C before being placed in a commercial holding oven maintained at 60.0 degrees C for up to 8 h. After searing, ECOH levels decreased by ca. 1.0 log CFU/g. Following cooking to internal temperatures of 37.8 to 71.1 degrees C, pathogen levels decreased by an additional ca. 2.7 to 4.0 log CFU/g. After cooking to 37.8, 48.9, or 60.0 degrees C and then warm holding at 60.0 degrees C for 2 h, pathogen levels increased by ca. 0.2 to 0.7 log CFU/g. However, for prime rib cooked to 37.8 degrees C, pathogen levels remained relatively unchanged over the next 6 h of warm holding, whereas for those cooked to 48.9 or 60.0 degrees C pathogen levels decreased by ca. 0.3 to 0.7 log CFU/g over the next 6 h of warm holding. In contrast, after cooking prime rib to 71.1 degrees C and holding for up to 8 h at 60.0 degrees C, ECOH levels decreased by an additional ca. 0.5 log CFU/g. Our results demonstrated that to achieve a 5.0-log reduction of ECOH in blade tenderized prime rib, it would be necessary to sear at 260 degrees C for 15 min, cook prime rib to internal temperatures of 48.9, 60.0, or 71.1 degrees C, and then hold at 60.0 degrees C for at least 8 h. C1 [Porto-Fett, Anna C. S.; Shoyer, Bradley A.; Luchansky, John B.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Thippareddi, Harshavardhan] Univ Nebraska, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Porto-Fett, ACS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM anna.portofett@ars.usda.gov FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2012-68003-30155] FX Special thanks are extended to Jeffrey E. Call, Trang Nguyen, John Phillips, and Rosemary Martinjuk (USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, Center of Excellence in Process Validation, Wyndmoor, PA) for their assistance and technical expertise. We also extend our sincere appreciation to Steve Campano (Hawkins Inc., Minneapolis, MN) and Peter M. Muriana (Oklahoma State University, Stillwater) for contributing their time and talent toward this study and/or for reviewing this manuscript. This project was supported, in part, by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2012-68003-30155 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. NR 29 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 6 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 76 IS 3 BP 405 EP 412 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-12-387 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 240EV UT WOS:000326078600004 PM 23462076 ER PT J AU Annous, BA Burke, A Sites, JE Phillips, JG AF Annous, Bassam A. Burke, Angela Sites, Joseph E. Phillips, John G. TI Commercial Thermal Process for Inactivating Salmonella Poona on Surfaces of Whole Fresh Cantaloupes SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; HOT-WATER; CUT CANTALOUPE; GAMMA-IRRADIATION; QUALITY; FRUIT; PASTEURIZATION; SURVIVAL; COMBINATION; SANITIZERS AB Outbreaks of salmonellosis by Salmonella Poona and listeriosis by Listeria monocytogenes have been associated with the consumption of cantaloupes. Commercial washing processes for cantaloupes are limited in their ability to inactivate and/or remove this human pathogen. Our objective was to develop a commercial-scale surface pasteurization process for enhancing microbiological safety of cantaloupes. Whole cantaloupes, surface inoculated with Salmonella Poona RM 2350, were stored at 32 degrees C for 24 h prior to processing. Temperature-penetration profiles indicated that the surface temperature of the whole cantaloupe was 26 and 30 degrees C below that of the hot water temperature after 2 min of immersion at 82 and 92 degrees C, respectively. Hot water treatments at 92 degrees C for 60 and 90 s reduced Salmonella Poona populations in excess of 5 log CFU/g of rind. Cantaloupes that were treated and stored at 4 degrees C for 9 days retained their firmness quality and maintained nondetectable levels of Salmonella Poona as compared with the controls. Also, levels of Salmonella Poona on fresh-cut cantaloupe prepared from hot water-treated cantaloupes and stored for 9 days at 4 degrees C were nondetectable as compared with the controls. These results indicate that surface pasteurization at 92 degrees C for 90 s will enhance the microbiological safety of cantaloupes and will extend the shelf life of this commodity as well. The process parameter of 90 s or less falls within the commercial requirements of the whole-cantaloupe processor-packer industry. C1 [Annous, Bassam A.; Burke, Angela; Sites, Joseph E.; Phillips, John G.] ARS, USDA, Food Safety & Intervent Technol Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Annous, BA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Food Safety & Intervent Technol Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM bassam.annous@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 19 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 76 IS 3 BP 420 EP 428 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-12-414 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 240EV UT WOS:000326078600006 PM 23462078 ER PT J AU Raper, RL Matousek, B Olander, B Rocateli, AC Schwab, EB AF Raper, R. L. Matousek, B. Olander, B. Rocateli, A. C. Schwab, E. B. TI HARVESTING DOWNED SORGHUM SUDANGRASS FOR BIOENERGY PRODUCTION SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Bioenergy crops; Biomass; Windrowers; Mowers; Rollers; Sorghum AB The Southern United States has sufficient rainfall and appropriate climate to supply a significant portion of the energy needs of our nation. However, harvesting large biomass crops can be difficult given the intense rainfall and high winds that can accompany hurricanes and tropical depressions. These weather events can flatten bioenergy crops leaving them difficult to harvest. This study examined the potential of using existing hay equipment to harvest artificially flattened sorghum sudangrass, a potential bioenergy crop. Results showed that rotary-type windrowers were better able to harvest downed bioenergy crops than sickle-type windrowers. Additionally, no significant differences in harvested biomass was found in the direction the windrowers were operated in relation to the downed bioenergy crops, regardless of the harvesting direction. Our major conclusion was that completely flattened biomass resulted in the highest losses with more than 20% of the bioenergy crop remaining in the field after harvest. Even though existing agricultural equipment was capable of harvesting large amounts of bioenergy crops that have been downed, improvements may be necessary to increase their capability for handling this problematic scenario. C1 [Raper, R. L.] Oklahoma State Univ, Field & Res Serv Unit, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Matousek, B.; Olander, B.] AGCO Hesston Operat, Hesston, KS USA. [Rocateli, A. C.] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Schwab, E. B.] USDA NRCS, Auburn, AL USA. RP Raper, RL (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Field & Res Serv Unit, 139 Ag Hall, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM Randy.raper@okstate.edu NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 EI 1943-7838 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 29 IS 2 BP 133 EP 137 PG 5 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 232RK UT WOS:000325511500001 ER PT J AU Bonuma, NB Rossi, CG Arnold, JG Reichert, JM Paiva, EMCD AF Bonuma, N. B. Rossi, C. G. Arnold, J. G. Reichert, J. M. Paiva, E. M. C. D. TI HYDROLOGY EVALUATION OF THE SOIL AND WATER ASSESSMENT TOOL CONSIDERING MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY FOR A SMALL WATERSHED IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE SWAT model; Hydrological processes; Agricultural watersheds ID GOODNESS-OF-FIT; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; SWAT MODEL; RIVER-BASIN; CALIBRATION; QUALITY; CATCHMENT; SEDIMENT; FLOW; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION AB Areas under tobacco crop cultivation have impacted the water balance and have become sources of environmental contamination in Southern Brazil. Correct determination of the area's hydrology is essential since it is the driving force of sediment and nutrient loading dynamics. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), version 2009, was used to evaluate hydrological processes for the Arroio Lino watershed, located in the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul. The measured discharge at the watershed outlet was used to evaluate model streamflow sensitivity to selected parameters, and for calibration and validation from 2001 to 2005. A Latin Hypercube (LH) and One-factor-At-a-Time (OAT) sensitivity analysis was performed. Model calibration was performed with the Shuffled Complex Evolution Algorithm-Uncertainty Analysis (SCE-UA) combined with manual adjustment on model simulation results. Time series plots and standard statistical measures were used to verify model predictions. The statistical indicators were modified to reflect measurement uncertainty. The most sensitive parameters were curve number (CN2), soil evaporation compensation factor (ESCO), and baseflow alpha factor (ALPHA_BF). The predicted monthly streamflow matched the observed values with a Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient of 0.87 and 0.76 during calibration and validation, respectively Daily indicators of goodness of fit were lower but improved when uncertainty of measured data was taken into account. The results suggest that the SWAT model is a promising tool to evaluate hydrology in Brazilian watersheds. However, especially in those watersheds with limited data availability, the evaluation of model goodness-of-fit needs to consider the uncertainty related to data measurements. C1 [Bonuma, N. B.] Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Dept Sanit & Environm Engn, BR-88040900 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. [Rossi, C. G.] Natl Operat Ctr, Denver, CO USA. [Arnold, J. G.] USDA ARS, GSWRL, Temple, TX USA. [Reichert, J. M.] Univ Fed Santa Maria, Dept Soils, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. [Paiva, E. M. C. D.] Univ Fed Santa Maria, Dept Sanit & Environm Engn, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. RP Rossi, CG (reprint author), Bur Land Management, 440 W 200 S, Salt Lake City, UT 84101 USA. EM crossi@blm.gov RI Reichert, Jose/F-2393-2014; Reichert, Jose Miguel/F-8189-2012 OI Reichert, Jose/0000-0003-3130-5264; FU Brazilian National Research Council (CNPq) FX The authors would like to thank the Brazilian National Research Council (CNPq) for their financial support and the Brazilian National Meteorology Institute INMET) for data sets used in this research. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 44 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 EI 1943-7838 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 29 IS 2 BP 189 EP 200 PG 12 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 232RK UT WOS:000325511500008 ER PT J AU McMaster, GS Ascough, JC Edmunds, DA Nielsen, DC Prasad, PVV AF McMaster, G. S. Ascough, J. C., II Edmunds, D. A. Nielsen, D. C. Prasad, P. V. V. TI SIMULATING CROP PHENOLOGICAL RESPONSES TO WATER STRESS USING THE PHENOLOGYMMS SOFTWARE PROGRAM SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Crop development; Crop management; Decision support systems; Phenology; Plant growth; Simulation model ID CENTRAL GREAT-PLAINS; HELIANTHUS-ANNUUS L; WINTER-WHEAT; GROWTH-STAGES; SUNFLOWER GROWTH; LEAF APPEARANCE; THERMAL TIME; SHOOT APEX; MODEL; TEMPERATURE AB Crop phenology is fundamental for understanding crop growth and development, and increasingly influences many agricultural management practices. Water deficits are one environmental factor that can influence crop phenology through shortening or lengthening the developmental phase, yet the phenological responses to water deficits have rarely been quantified. The objective of this article is to describe the science and general evaluation of a decision support technology software tool, Phenology MMS (Modular Modeling Software) V1.2. PhenologyMMS was developed to simulate the phenological response of different crops to varying levels of soil water The program is intended to be simple to use, requires minimal information for calibration, and can be easily incorporated into other crop simulation models. New and revised developmental sequences of the shoot apex correlated with phenological events and the response to soil water availability are provided for proso millet (Panicum milaceum L.), hay/foxtail millet [Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv.], sunflower (Helianthus annuus L), and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.). Model evaluation consisted of testing algorithms using "generic" default phenology parameters for a crop (i.e., no calibration for specific cultivars was used) for a variety of field experiments to predict developmental events such as seedling emergence, floral initiation, flowering, and physiological maturity. Additionally, an application of the program predicting mean dates of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) phenology across the Central Great Plains based on historical weather records is presented. Results demonstrated that Phenology MMS has general applicability for predicting crop phenology and offers a simple and easy to use approach to predict and understand how phenology responds to varying water deficits. PhenologyMMS software may be downloaded from http://www.ars.usda.gov/services (select "Software') or http://arsagsoftware.ars.usda.gov. C1 [McMaster, G. S.; Ascough, J. C., II; Edmunds, D. A.] USDA ARS, Agr Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Nielsen, D. C.] USDA ARS NPA, Cent Plains Resource Management Unit, Cent Great Plains Res Stn, Akron, CO USA. [Prasad, P. V. V.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP McMaster, GS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Agr Syst Res Unit, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg D,Suite 200, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM greg.mcmaster@ars.usda.gov RI Prasad, P.V. Vara/B-3835-2012; Nielsen, David/A-8044-2009 OI Prasad, P.V. Vara/0000-0001-6632-3361; Nielsen, David/0000-0002-8240-7183 NR 68 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 EI 1943-7838 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 29 IS 2 BP 233 EP 249 PG 17 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 232RK UT WOS:000325511500012 ER PT J AU Atungulu, GG Prakash, B Wang, X Wang, T Fu, R Khir, R Pan, Z AF Atungulu, G. G. Prakash, B. Wang, X. Wang, T. Fu, R. Khir, R. Pan, Z. TI DETERMINATION OF DOCKAGE FOR ACCURATE ROUGH RICE QUALITY ASSESSMENT SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Rice; Shrink chart; Dockage ID HARVEST AB Determination of dockage of freshly harvested rice is crucial for precise development of a universal rice shrink chart. The objectives of this research were to determine the effect of different factors, including rice variety, farm location, harvest moisture and time, drying, dropping, weather events such as wind and rainfall, and type of harvester, on dockage. The study was conducted during two consecutive rice harvesting seasons. The dockage of freshly harvested rice with moisture content (MC) ranging from 18% to 27% wet basis (w.b) varied between 0.2% and 2.0% with averages of 0.92% and 0.79% in 2010 and 2011 harvest seasons, respectively. The corresponding averages of dockage of dried rice with MC of 14 +/- 1% (w.b) were 0.78% and 0.65%, which were lower than those of freshly harvested rice. There were no significant differences (p>0.05) in dockage among the studied rice varieties. It was also observed that dockage was not significantly affected (p>0.05) by the harvest MC, geographical location and dropping from certain height. However, wind and rainfall events significantly (p<0.05) increased the dockage. The results also revealed that the type of harvester affected the dockage. The obtained dockage results for all tested factors were significantly (p<0.05) lower than 2% which is the value accepted in the rice industry at present. C1 [Atungulu, G. G.; Prakash, B.; Khir, R.; Pan, Z.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Khir, R.] Suez Canal Univ, Dept Agr Engn, Fac Agr, Ismailia, Egypt. [Pan, Z.] USDA ARS WRRC, Proc Foods Res Unit, Albany, CA USA. RP Pan, Z (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM zhongli.pan@ars.usda.gov FU California Rice Research Board FX The investigators would like to express their appreciation for the great support received from the following personnel, Shweta Kumari, Rebecca Leong, Elizabeth Atungulu, Guang Shi, and Brian De La Cruz with sample collection and experiment implementation. We also express our thanks to Farmer's Rice Cooperative Sacramento, Butte County Rice Growers Association, Sean Daugherty of Daugherty farms, Camie Kaelin and Clarke Ornisaun for providing samples and harvesters used in this study, Cass Mutters of UC Davis for making contacts with growers, and the California Rice Research Board for research grants. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 EI 1943-7838 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 29 IS 2 BP 253 EP 261 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 232RK UT WOS:000325511500013 ER PT J AU Baker, KD Armijo, CB Funk, P Hughs, E AF Baker, K. D. Armijo, C. B. Funk, P. Hughs, E. TI EMISSIONS FROM GAS-FIRED AGRICULTURAL BURNERS SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Cotton gin; Energy; Environmental quality; Economics AB Because of the Federal Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990, the San Joaquin Valley Unified Air Pollution Control District (SJVUAPCD) began defining Best Available Control Technology (BACT) for NOx emissions from cotton gin drying system gas-fired burners in its jurisdiction. The NOx emission levels of conventionally used, direct-fired burners were unknown, as was how direct-fired burners would compare against newer lo-NOx burners or against the proposed SJVUAPCD NOx emission standard of 60 ppm or less. Replicated laboratory studies were designed to determine the emissions and fuel efficiency of both direct-fired and lo-NOx burner designs. NOx emission levels during the test averaged from 3 ppm for one of the lo-NOx designs to 36 ppm for a direct-fired burner when tested over four firing rates. An economic analysis of the specific cost of NOx reduction achieved by substituting a lo-NOx burner for a direct-fired burner showed an annual capitalized cost of $13,945/tonne ($12,648/T) of NOx reduction. The SJVUAPCD has an upper limit of $10,670/tonne ($9700/T) of NOx reduction to qualify for definition as BACT. Using this economic criterion, lo-NOx burners do not meet the definition of BACT for cotton gins for the SJVUAPCD, and, based upon conferring with industry and environmental specialists, would not for the rest of the United States. C1 [Baker, K. D.; Armijo, C. B.; Funk, P.; Hughs, E.] USDA ARS, SW Cotton Ginning Res Lab, Mesilla Pk, NM 88047 USA. RP Baker, KD (reprint author), USDA ARS, SW Cotton Ginning Res Lab, POB 578 300 E Coll Dr, Mesilla Pk, NM 88047 USA. EM kevibake@nmsu.edu NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 EI 1943-7838 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 29 IS 2 BP 269 EP 277 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 232RK UT WOS:000325511500015 ER PT J AU Meki, MN Atwood, JD Norfleet, LM Williams, JR Gerik, TJ Kiniry, JR AF Meki, Manyowa N. Atwood, Jay D. Norfleet, Lee M. Williams, Jimmy R. Gerik, Thomas J. Kiniry, James R. TI Corn Residue Removal Effects on Soybean Yield and Nitrogen Dynamics in the Upper Mississippi River Basin SO AGROECOLOGY AND SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE corn residue removal; biofuel; soybean; APEX; nitrogen dynamics ID FIELD-GROWN SOYBEANS; NO-TILL CORN; SOIL PRODUCTIVITY; CROP; FERTILIZER; FIXATION; WATER AB Considerations for using corn (Zea mays L.) residues for biofuel should include impacts on the subsequent soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] crop. We used the Agricultural Policy Environmental Extender (APEX) model to study the effects of: four rates of corn residue removals, 0%, 40%, 60%, and 80%, across site-specific conditions of two land types, highly erodible land (HEL) and non-HEL; three soil textural classes, clayey, loamy, and sandy; and the four soil hydrologic groups, A, B, C, and D, on soybean yield and nitrogen (N) dynamics, for 3703 farm fields within the Upper Mississippi River Basin. Overall, residue removal reduced soybean yield, N fixation, uptake, losses, and soil storage by 8%, 6%, 7%, and 5%, respectively. There is a positive tradeoff of residue removal, that is, it reduces the pool of nutrients available for loss, which resulted in a 9% decline in N losses when compared to no residue removal. Corn residue removal-induced reduction in soil organic N storage could affect the magnitude of the soybean N credit, implying that increased fertilization rates could be needed to sustain corn productivity in corn/soybean rotation systems. Responses were however subject to site-specific conditions, key considerations when determining residue removal thresholds. C1 [Meki, Manyowa N.; Williams, Jimmy R.; Gerik, Thomas J.] Texas A&M Univ Syst, Blackland Res & Extens Ctr, Texas AgriLife Res, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Atwood, Jay D.; Norfleet, Lee M.] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Blackland Res Ctr, Temple, TX USA. [Kiniry, James R.] ARS, USDA, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX USA. RP Meki, MN (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ Syst, Blackland Res & Extens Ctr, Texas AgriLife Res, Temple, TX 76502 USA. EM nmeki@brc.tamus.edu FU Texas AgriLife Research (Texas A&M University System); United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resource Conservation Service FX This study was funded by Texas AgriLife Research (Texas A&M University System) and the United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resource Conservation Service. We gratefully acknowledge the technical assistance of Theresa Pitts in performing the APEX model simulations. NR 47 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 24 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 2168-3565 J9 AGROECOL SUST FOOD JI Agroecol. Sustain. Food Syst. PD MAR 1 PY 2013 VL 37 IS 3 BP 379 EP 400 DI 10.1080/10440046.2012.724529 PG 22 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY SC Agriculture; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 221JP UT WOS:000324654900007 ER PT J AU Baral, R Davis, GC Blake, S You, W Serrano, E AF Baral, Ranju Davis, George C. Blake, Stephanie You, Wen Serrano, Elena TI Using National Data to Estimate Average Cost Effectiveness of EFNEP Outcomes by State/Territory SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE average cost; cost effectiveness; Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program AB This report demonstrates how existing national data can be used to first calculate upper limits on the average cost per participant and per outcome per state/territory for the Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP). These upper limits can then be used by state EFNEP administrators to obtain more precise estimates for their states, based on their state-specific knowledge. Across all states, EFNEP appears most cost effective in nutrition practices, followed by food resource management practices, and then food safety practices. All but 3 states have cost per quality adjusted life years that are considered cost effective. C1 [Baral, Ranju; Davis, George C.; You, Wen] Virginia Tech, Dept Agr & Appl Econ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Davis, George C.; Serrano, Elena] Virginia Tech, Dept Human Nutr Foods & Exercise, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Blake, Stephanie] USDA, Inst Food Safety & Nutr, Natl Inst Food & Agr, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Davis, GC (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Agr & Appl Econ, 214 Hutcheson Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM georgedavis@vt.edu NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1499-4046 J9 J NUTR EDUC BEHAV JI J. Nutr. Educ. Behav. PD MAR-APR PY 2013 VL 45 IS 2 BP 183 EP 187 DI 10.1016/j.jneb.2012.04.015 PG 5 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Education & Educational Research; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 221QY UT WOS:000324674800016 PM 23211510 ER PT J AU Hessburg, PF Reynolds, KM Salter, RB Dickinson, JD Gaines, WL Harrod, RJ AF Hessburg, Paul F. Reynolds, Keith M. Salter, R. Brion Dickinson, James D. Gaines, William L. Harrod, Richy J. TI Landscape Evaluation for Restoration Planning on the Okanogan-Wenatchee National Forest, USA SO SUSTAINABILITY LA English DT Article DE wildland fire; insect outbreaks; sustainability; landscape restoration; landscape planning; EMDS system; climate change; ecological patterns; ecological processes ID DECISION-SUPPORT; SPATIAL-PATTERNS; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; MANAGEMENT; SIMULATION; WILDFIRE; HABITAT; MODELS; CONSERVATION; WASHINGTON AB Land managers in the western US are beginning to understand that early 20th century forests displayed complex patterns of composition and structure at several different spatial scales, that there was interplay between patterns and processes within and across scales, and that these conditions have been radically altered by management. Further, they know that restoring integrity (see Definition of Terms) of these conditions has broad implications for the future sustainability (see Definition of Terms) of native species, ecosystem services, and ecological processes. Many are looking for methods to restore (see Definition of Terms) more natural landscape patterns of habitats and more naturally functioning disturbance regimes; all in the context of a warming climate. Attention is turning to evaluating whole landscapes at local and regional scales, deciphering recent changes in trajectories, and formulating landscape prescriptions that can restore ecological functionality and improve landscape resilience (see Definition of Terms). The business of landscape evaluation and developing landscape prescriptions is inherently complex, but with the advent of decision support systems, software applications are now available to conduct and document these evaluations. Here, we review several published landscape evaluation and planning applications designed with the Ecosystem Management Decision Support (EMDS) software, and present an evaluation we developed in support of a landscape restoration project. We discuss the goals and design of the project, its methods and utilities, what worked well, what could be improved and related research opportunities. For readability and compactness, fine and broad-scale landscape evaluations that could be a part of multi-scale restoration planning, are not further developed here. C1 [Hessburg, Paul F.; Salter, R. Brion] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. [Reynolds, Keith M.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Dickinson, James D.; Gaines, William L.; Harrod, Richy J.] USDA Forest Serv, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. RP Hessburg, PF (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, 1133 North Western Ave, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. EM phessburg@fs.fed.us; kreynolds@fs.fed.us; bsalter@fs.fed.us; jddickinson@fs.fed.us; bgaines@genext.net; rharrod@fs.fed.us OI Reynolds, Keith/0000-0002-5286-4754 NR 74 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 8 U2 50 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2071-1050 J9 SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL JI Sustainability PD MAR PY 2013 VL 5 IS 3 BP 805 EP 840 DI 10.3390/su5030805 PG 36 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 213HW UT WOS:000324047700001 ER PT J AU Wuest, SB AF Wuest, S. B. TI An Array for Measuring Detailed Soil Temperature Profiles SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB Soil temperature dynamics can provide insights into soil variables which are much more difficult or impossible to measure. We designed an array to measure temperature at precise depth increments that is also tough enough to be driven into the soil with a mallet. Data were collected to determine if the construction materials influence surface and near-surface temperature estimates during peak insolation. In dry sand, arrays disagreed with a bare reference thermistor at the soil surface by -6 to +5 degrees C, averaging +0.42 degrees C. At depths of 1 to 4 cm, the arrays averaged from 3 to 1 degrees C warmer than measurements taken with bare thermistors during a sunny day, indicating that construction material was conducting heat from the surface at a greater rate than the sand. The average difference between arrays and a reference thermistor at the 13-cm depth in sand was -0.30 degrees C ( standard deviation = 0.42 degrees C). Under field conditions in a dry silt loam, the arrays did not show the near-surface daytime bias, and agreed within 1 degrees C of independent measurements at the 2- and 5-cm depths. The array facilitates multiple measurements of detailed temperature profiles. These measurements are capable of detecting the effect of soil conditions such as tillage, layering, or water content on the flow of heat at a resolution of centimeters. C1 USDA ARS, Columbia Plateau Conservat Res Ctr, Pendleton, OR 97801 USA. RP Wuest, SB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Columbia Plateau Conservat Res Ctr, Pendleton, OR 97801 USA. EM stewart.wuest@ars.usda.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 10 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 77 IS 2 BP 427 EP 431 DI 10.2136/sssaj2012.0309n PG 5 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 197CX UT WOS:000322827900011 ER PT J AU Mikha, MM Vigil, MF Benjamin, JG AF Mikha, Maysoon M. Vigil, Merle F. Benjamin, Joseph G. TI Long-Term Tillage Impacts on Soil Aggregation and Carbon Dynamics under Wheat-Fallow in the Central Great Plains SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC-MATTER; NO-TILLAGE; CROPPING INTENSITY; TROPICAL SOILS; NITROGEN; MANAGEMENT; PARTICULATE; FRACTIONS; AGROECOSYSTEMS; MINERALIZATION AB Long-term conservation tillage improves soil quality by enhancing soil structure, improving water availability, and reducing soil erosion. We investigated the effect of tillage intensity on soil organic carbon (SOC), organic carbon fractions, particulate organic matter (POM), and wet aggregate-size distribution after 39 yr of management. The data reported here were taken from a long-term tillage study initiated in 1967 near Akron, CO. Treatments sampled were conventional tillage (CT), moldboard plow (MP), no-tillage (NT), and reduced tillage (RT). In 2006, soil samples were collected from the 0- to 5-, 5- to 10-, 10- to 20-, 20- to 30-, and 30- to 60-cm depths in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-summer fallow (WF). Soils were fractionated for aggregate mass and POM-mineral-associated carbon (C) to evaluate the form and stability of SOC. On a fixed-depth basis, NT and RT had 21% more SOC, at the 0- to 30-cm depth than CT and MP. However, on equivalent mass basis (ESM), SOC was greater with NT, MP, and RT by 11% compared with CT. Conservation practices, NT and RT, had more macroaggregation and consequently greater soil stability compared with CT and MP. Tillage practices significantly impacted whole SOC distribution between POM-C and mineral-associated organic matter C (MAOM-C). The POM-C vs. MAOM-C component of the whole SOC was 23 vs. 77% at 0 to 5 cm and 10 vs. 90% at 5- to 20-cm depth. The POM-C associated with NT and RT, accounted for 17% of SOC where POM-C accounted for 12% of SOC with CT and MP at 0- to 20-cm depth. Redistribution and stratification of SOC, POM, and POM-C were observed especially with MP. Over all, we found the application of conservation tillage practices to be crucial for maintaining soil quality and soil C stock in the WF systems of the central Great Plains. C1 [Mikha, Maysoon M.; Vigil, Merle F.; Benjamin, Joseph G.] USDA ARS, Cent Great Plains Res Stn, Northern Plain Area, Akron, CO 80720 USA. RP Mikha, MM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Cent Great Plains Res Stn, Northern Plain Area, 40335 Rd GG, Akron, CO 80720 USA. EM maysoon.mikha@ars.usda.gov FU Agricultural Research Service; ARS GRA-CEnet Project FX This publication is based on work supported by the Agricultural Research Service and recently partially supported under the ARS GRA-CEnet Project. NR 41 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 6 U2 57 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 77 IS 2 BP 594 EP 605 DI 10.2136/sssaj2012.0125 PG 12 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 197CX UT WOS:000322827900028 ER PT J AU Gollany, HT Fortuna, AM Samuel, MK Young, FL Pan, WL Pecharko, M AF Gollany, H. T. Fortuna, A. M. Samuel, M. K. Young, F. L. Pan, W. L. Pecharko, M. TI Soil Organic Carbon Accretion vs. Sequestration Using Physicochemical Fractionation and CQESTR Simulation SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID LONG-TERM EXPERIMENTS; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; CROPPING SYSTEMS; NO-TILL; RESIDUE MANAGEMENT; MICROBIAL BIOMASS; MATTER; DYNAMICS; REGION; WHEAT AB Accurate estimates of soil organic C (SOC) stocks are required to determine changes in SOC resulting from agricultural management practices. Our objectives were to: (i) determine total SOC; (ii) estimate the contribution of light fraction C (LF-C) to total SOC; and (iii) simulate SOC dynamics using CQESTR to examine the effect of climate change for three cropping systems in the Pacific Northwest. The LF-C masked small gains or losses in measured SOC for all cropping systems. Simulated data indicated no significant changes in SOC in the top 30 cm of the sweep-tillage winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-tillage fallow rotation (WW-TF) and no-till (NT) spring wheat-chemical fallow rotation (SW-CF/NT), whereas SOC increased in the NT spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)-spring wheat rotation (SB-SW/NT). The apparent increase in measured SOC with continuous NT spring cropping was the result of accumulated undecomposed crop residues that contributed to the labile C pool and was confirmed via LF-C analysis. The contributions of the LF-C to total SOC across cropping systems ranged from 13.4 to 18.4% (fall soil samples) and 14.4 to 18.9% (spring soil samples). Modeling predicted no significant change in SOC stocks for the WW-TF and SW-CF/NT rotations, even with a 30% crop biomass increase based on potential climate change scenarios. Differences between the observed and predicted SOC were due to artifacts associated with protocols used to determine SOC that did not completely remove accrued crop residue and could be explained by LF-C, which provided a first approximation of organic C accretion. C1 [Gollany, H. T.] USDA ARS, Columbia Plateau Conservat Res Ctr, Adams, OR 97810 USA. [Fortuna, A. M.] N Dakota State Univ, Soil Sci Dep, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Fortuna, A. M.; Pan, W. L.; Pecharko, M.] Washington State Univ, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Samuel, M. K.] MARDI Sessang Stn, Sarawak, Malaysia. [Young, F. L.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Land Management & Water Conservat Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Gollany, HT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Columbia Plateau Conservat Res Ctr, 48037 Tubbs Ranch Rd, Adams, OR 97810 USA. EM hero.gollany@ars.usda.gov FU Foreign Agriculture Service (FAS) of USDA; Global Research Alliance program; Embassy of the United States in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; USDA-CSREES; Solutions to Environmental and Economic Problems (STEEP) [2009-3426120309, 2010-3464121188]; Hatch Project [0711]; USDA-ARS under the GRACEnet project FX Funding for this project was provided by the Foreign Agriculture Service (FAS) of USDA, the Global Research Alliance program, the Embassy of the United States in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, USDA-CSREES, Solutions to Environmental and Economic Problems (STEEP) grants (2009-3426120309 and 2010-3464121188) and Hatch Project 0711. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this manuscript is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by USDA. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. We also acknowledge the technical assistance of R.W. Polumsky at the USDA-ARS Columbia Plateau Conservation Research Center, Pendleton, OR; L. McGrew, M. Davies, and C. Waller of Washington State University, Pullman; and J. Bell, Dep. of Soil Science, North Dakota State University, Fargo. We thank reviewers for helpful comments and suggestions. This publication is based on work supported by the USDA-ARS under the GRACEnet project. NR 56 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 13 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 EI 1435-0661 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 77 IS 2 BP 618 EP 629 DI 10.2136/sssaj2012.0303 PG 12 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 197CX UT WOS:000322827900030 ER PT J AU Mattison, CP Tarver, MR Florane, C Graham, CJ AF Mattison, C. P. Tarver, M. R. Florane, C. Graham, C. J. TI Temporal expression of pecan allergens during nut development SO JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE & BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; CARYA-ILLINOINENSIS; GENE-EXPRESSION; ANAPHYLACTIC REACTIONS; MAJOR ALLERGEN; IN-VITRO; SEED; PROTEINS; PEANUT; FOOD AB Pecan nuts are rich in healthy oils, proteins, carbohydrates, and essential nutrients, but can cause food allergies that are rarely outgrown in susceptible individuals. Three conserved seed-storage proteins from the prolamin and cupin superfamilies, including 2S albumin, 7S vicillin, and 11S legumin are commonly identified as allergens in nuts. We have characterised the temporal expression of the genes encoding these proteins during nut development in pecan. Transcript levels from the Car i 1, Car i 4, and the pecan 7S vicillin homologue (Car i 7S) genes were investigated in the cultivars 'Desirable' and 'Sumner' using quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR). Values for Car i 1 and Car i 4 gene expression generally peaked in September, during the dough stage, with lower values at other times. There was a less distinct pattern of expression for Car i 7S, with lower values in August than in mid-September in 'Sumner', and lower values in August than in September and October in 'Desirable'. Both cultivars generally had similar levels of transcripts, except for higher levels of Car i 1 and Car i 4 in 'Desirable' in August. Understanding the timing of allergen gene transcription could assist plant breeders to develop cultivars with lower levels of allergens. C1 [Mattison, C. P.; Florane, C.] ARS, USDA, ARS, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Tarver, M. R.] USDA Honey Bee Breeding Genet & Physiol, Baton Rouge, LA 70820 USA. [Graham, C. J.] Louisiana State Univ, AgCtr, Agr Expt Stn, Pecan Res & Extens Stn, Shreveport, LA 71115 USA. RP Mattison, CP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, ARS, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM chris.mattison@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service FX This research was supported by funds from the U.S. Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service. Mention of trade names, commercial products, or companies in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 11 PU HEADLEY BROTHERS LTD PI ASHFORD PA INVICTA PRESS, ASHFORD TN24 8HH, KENT, ENGLAND SN 1462-0316 J9 J HORTIC SCI BIOTECH JI J. Horticult. Sci. Biotechnol. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 88 IS 2 BP 173 EP 178 PG 6 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 198SD UT WOS:000322941700010 ER PT J AU Andiro, G Pasian, CC Frantz, JM Jones, ML AF Andiro, G. Pasian, C. C. Frantz, J. M. Jones, M. L. TI Greenhouse production of Impatiens wallerana using a controlled-release fertiliser produces quality finished plants with enhanced garden performance SO JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE & BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; LEACHING-LOSSES; NITROGEN; POTASSIUM; MANAGEMENT; PHOSPHORUS; NITRATE; PH AB The use of controlled-release fertiliser (CRF) has been identified as a best-management practice because CRFs supply localised nutrients to the surrounding substrate over a period of time, and so can reduce the amount of nutrient that is leached from the pot. However, no information is available regarding the application of CRF during plant production, and how that can affect the subsequent garden performance of a crop. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of CRF, applied at the time of plug planting, on the finished quality and garden performance (post-production) of impatiens (Impatiens wallerana Hook. f. 'Xtreme Scarlet') plants. Plants were fertilised with a water-soluble 20:4.4:16.6 (w/w/w) N:P:K fertiliser (WSF), applied at each irrigation event at a rate of 150 mg l(-1) N, or with a 16:3.9:10 (w/w/w) N:P:K CRF with either of two longevities (5 - 6 or 8 - 9 months) at a rate of 6.8 kg m(-3). Impatiens plants were grown in a greenhouse and transplanted to the field, where no fertiliser was applied. Shoot dry weights (DW), flower numbers, leaf greenness, and consumer ratings were determined for plants grown over two successive Summers in Columbus, Ohio, USA. In Experiment I, plants grown with CRF had similar DWs to those grown with WSF during the greenhouse phase; however, in Experiment II, plants grown with CRF during the greenhouse phase had at least 52% more flowers than WSF-grown plants. At the end of the field phase, CRF-treated plants were less chlorotic, had 33 - 45% higher shoot DWs, produced 25% more flowers, and had 82% higher consumer ratings than plants grown with WSF. Growers can therefore use CRF to produce a high-quality impatiens crop, and can promote the use of CRF as a value-added practice that benefits consumers through enhanced garden performance. C1 [Andiro, G.; Pasian, C. C.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Hort & Crop Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Frantz, J. M.] USDA ARS, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Jones, M. L.] Ohio State Univ, OARDC, Dept Hort & Crop Sci, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Pasian, CC (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Hort & Crop Sci, 2021 Coffey Rd, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM pasian.1@osu.edu FU Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Services (CSREES), US Department of Agriculture (USDA), Greenhouse, Ohio [2009-38897-19894] FX Funding for this research was provided by The Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Services (CSREES), US Department of Agriculture (USDA), Greenhouse, Ohio Project. (Award No. 2009-38897-19894). Salaries and research support were provided, in part, by State and Federal funds appropriated to the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University. Article Number HCS11-18. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 10 PU HEADLEY BROTHERS LTD PI ASHFORD PA INVICTA PRESS, ASHFORD TN24 8HH, KENT, ENGLAND SN 1462-0316 J9 J HORTIC SCI BIOTECH JI J. Horticult. Sci. Biotechnol. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 88 IS 2 BP 216 EP 222 PG 7 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 198SD UT WOS:000322941700016 ER PT J AU Gillman, JD Baxter, I Bilyeu, K AF Gillman, Jason D. Baxter, Ivan Bilyeu, Kristin TI Phosphorus Partitioning of Soybean Lines Containing Different Mutant Alleles of Two Soybean Seed-Specific Adenosine Triphosphate-Binding Cassette Phytic Acid Transporter Paralogs SO PLANT GENOME LA English DT Article ID LOW-PHYTATE PHOSPHORUS; FIELD EMERGENCE; REDUCED PHYTATE; GLYCINE-MAX; MUTATIONS; PHENOTYPE; MAIZE; CROPS; GENE; ZINC AB Seed phytate is a repository of P and minerals in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seeds that limits P and mineral bioavailability for monogastric animals (e.g., humans, swine [Sus scrofa], and poultry [especially chicken, Gallus domesticus]) due to insufficient digestive tract phytase activity. We previously identified epistatic recessive mutations affecting two paralogous adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette phytic acid transporter genes (one a nonsense mutation in Lpa1 and the other a missense mutation in Lpa2) as the molecular genetic basis in the ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)-induced mutant low phytate soybean line M153. An additional mutant low phytate line, M766, contained one single nucleotide polymorphism within the ninth intron of the Lpa1 locus as well as a nonsense mutation in Lpa2. The objectives of this research were to clarify the genetics underlying the low phytate phenotype in line M766 and to determine P partitioning in new combinations of mutant alleles from M766 and M153. Inheritance of nonsense alleles affecting both low phytic acid (Lpa) genes (one from M153 and one from M766) led to the production of viable seeds that contained transgressive reductions in total seed phytate and significantly higher levels of inorganic phosphate than has been reported for nontransgenic soybean material and will allow efficient molecular selection of soybeans with even greater reductions of phytate for improved quality soybean meal. C1 [Gillman, Jason D.; Baxter, Ivan; Bilyeu, Kristin] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Bilyeu, K (reprint author), Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, 108 Waters Hall, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM Kristin.Bilyeu@ars.usda.gov RI Baxter, Ivan/A-1052-2009 OI Baxter, Ivan/0000-0001-6680-1722 FU USDA-Agricultural Research Service FX We would like to thank the Paul Little, Greg Ziegler, and Walter Iverson for their superb technical assistance. This research was supported by the USDA-Agricultural Research Service. We would also like to thank Vince Pantalone (University of Tennessee) for his generous sharing of TN09-239 seed and James Wilcox (USDA/ARS) for generously providing seed of M766. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 12 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1940-3372 J9 PLANT GENOME-US JI Plant Genome PD MAR PY 2013 VL 6 IS 1 DI 10.3835/plantgenome2012.06.0010 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 197XU UT WOS:000322886800002 ER PT J AU Monaco, MK Sen, TZ Dharmawardhana, PD Ren, L Schaeffer, M Naithani, S Amarasinghe, V Thomason, J Harper, L Gardiner, J Cannon, EKS Lawrence, CJ Ware, D Jaiswal, P AF Monaco, Marcela K. Sen, Taner Z. Dharmawardhana, Palitha D. Ren, Liya Schaeffer, Mary Naithani, Sushma Amarasinghe, Vindhya Thomason, Jim Harper, Lisa Gardiner, Jack Cannon, Ethalinda K. S. Lawrence, Carolyn J. Ware, Doreen Jaiswal, Pankaj TI Maize Metabolic Network Construction and Transcriptome Analysis SO PLANT GENOME LA English DT Article ID BIOCHEMICAL PATHWAY DATABASE; C-4 PHOTOSYNTHESIS; SYSTEMS BIOLOGY; BUNDLE-SHEATH; PLANT; GENOME; EVOLUTION; LEAVES; MODEL; ARABIDOPSIS AB A framework for understanding the synthesis and catalysis of metabolites and other biochemicals by proteins is crucial for unraveling the physiology of cells. To create such a framework for Zea mays L. subsp. mays (maize), we developed MaizeCyc, a metabolic network of enzyme catalysts, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids, secondary plant products, and other metabolites by annotating the genes identified in the maize reference genome sequenced from the B73 variety. MaizeCyc version 2.0.2 is a collection of 391 maize pathways involving 8889 enzyme mapped to 2110 reactions and 1468 metabolites. We used MaizeCyc to describe the development and function of maize organs including leaf, root, anther, embryo, and endosperm by exploring the recently published microarray-based maize gene expression atlas. We found that 1062 differentially expressed metabolic genes mapped to 524 unique enzymatic reactions associated with 310 pathways. The MaizeCyc pathway database was created by running a library of evidences collected from the maize genome annotation, gene-based phylogeny trees, and comparison to known genes and pathways from rice (Oryza sativa L.) and Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. against the PathoLogic module of Pathway Tools. The network and the database that were also developed as a community resource are freely accessible online at http://maizecyc.maizegdb.org to facilitate analysis and promote studies on metabolic genes in maize. C1 [Monaco, Marcela K.; Ren, Liya; Thomason, Jim; Ware, Doreen] Cold Spring Harbor Lab, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724 USA. [Sen, Taner Z.; Schaeffer, Mary; Harper, Lisa; Lawrence, Carolyn J.; Ware, Doreen] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Sen, Taner Z.; Gardiner, Jack; Cannon, Ethalinda K. S.; Lawrence, Carolyn J.] Iowa State Univ, Dep Genet Dev & Cell Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Dharmawardhana, Palitha D.; Amarasinghe, Vindhya; Jaiswal, Pankaj] Oregon State Univ, Dep Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Schaeffer, Mary] Univ Missouri, Dep Agron, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Naithani, Sushma] Oregon State Univ, Dep Hort, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Harper, Lisa] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dep Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Gardiner, Jack] Univ Arizona, Sch Plant Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Jaiswal, P (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dep Bot & Plant Pathol, 2082 Cordley Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM jaiswalp@science.oregonstate.edu RI Lawrence, Carolyn/N-3367-2014; Jaiswal, Pankaj/H-7599-2016 OI Lawrence, Carolyn/0000-0003-0069-1430; Jaiswal, Pankaj/0000-0002-1005-8383 FU NSF Plant Genome Research Resource [IOS:0703908]; USDA-ARS; National Corn Growers Association (The Maize Genetics and Genomics Database) FX We are grateful to PLEXdb and John Van Hemert for normalizing the remapped expression data for the maize gene expression atlas; Peter Karp, Markus Krummenacker, and Suzanne Paley from SRI for excellent Pathway Tools support; Peter van Buren and Ken Youens-Clark from Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory for help on setting up the pathway database webserver installation and for successfully integrating the MaizeCyc mirror database in the Gramene project database; Shiran Pasternak and Joshua Stein from the Maize Genome Sequencing Project and Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory for providing the FGS and helping identify false positive annotations; Carson Andorf, Darwin Campbell, and Bremen Braun at MaizeGDB for supporting the database infrastructure and integration into the MaizeGDB resource; Justin Elser and Laurel Cooper from the Plant Ontology project at Oregon State University and Ramona Walls from the New York Botanical Garden and Plant Ontology project (www.plantontology.org) for successfully integrating the maize atlas PO annotation in the PO data archives and database; and Kate Dreher at the Plant Metabolic Network project for training MaizeGDB staff and sharing annotations. This work was supported by the NSF Plant Genome Research Resource grant award IOS:0703908 (Gramene: A Platform for Comparative Plant Genomics) and the USDA-ARS and National Corn Growers Association (The Maize Genetics and Genomics Database). NR 66 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 28 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1940-3372 J9 PLANT GENOME-US JI Plant Genome PD MAR PY 2013 VL 6 IS 1 DI 10.3835/plantgenome2012.09.0025 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 197XU UT WOS:000322886800003 ER PT J AU Dzul, MC Quist, MC Dinsmore, SJ Gaines, DB Bower, MR AF Dzul, Maria C. Quist, Michael C. Dinsmore, Stephen J. Gaines, D. Bailey Bower, Michael R. TI Coarse-scale movement patterns of a small-bodied fish inhabiting a desert stream SO JOURNAL OF FRESHWATER ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE movement patterns; sex ratio; pupfish; Death Valley; desert streams ID PUPFISH CYPRINODON; RESTRICTED MOVEMENT; INTERMITTENT-STREAM; HABITAT PATCHES; DISTRIBUTIONS; EMIGRATION; SALMONIDS; EVOLUTION; PARADIGM; DYNAMICS AB Located on the floor of Death Valley (CA, USA), Salt Creek harbors a single fish species, the Salt Creek pupfish, Cyprinodon salinus salinus, which has adapted to this extremely harsh environment. Salt Creek is fed by an underground spring and is comprised of numerous pools, runs, and marshes that exhibit substantial variability in temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen concentrations. In addition, the wetted area of Salt Creek is reduced throughout the summer months due to high rates of evaporation, with some reaches drying completely. Therefore, it seems logical that short- and long-term movement patterns may play an important role in Salt Creek pupfish population dynamics. The objective of this study was to describe coarse-scale movements of Salt Creek pupfish in Salt Creek during their breeding season from March to May. Sex ratios and length-frequency distributions varied spatially within Salt Creek, suggesting population segregation during the breeding season. Long-distance movements were generally rare, although two fish moved more than 1.2km. Movement in upstream reaches was rare or absent, in contrast to the greater movement observed in downstream reaches (29% of recaptures). Temporal trends and demographic patterns in movement were not observed. Because the two most downstream habitats dry up in the summer, our results indicate that coarse-scale movements that re-populate downstream reaches likely occur during other times of year. Consequently, the importance of small- and large-scale movements is influenced by season. Further assessment of Salt Creek movement patterns conducted during other times of year may better illuminate long-distance movement patterns and source-sink dynamics. C1 [Dzul, Maria C.; Dinsmore, Stephen J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Quist, Michael C.] Univ Idaho, US Geol Survey, Idaho Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Fish & Wildlife Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Gaines, D. Bailey] Natl Pk Serv, Pahrump, NV 89048 USA. [Bower, Michael R.] US Forest Serv, Sheridan, WY 82801 USA. RP Dzul, MC (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM mariadzul@gmail.com FU Death Valley Natural History Association (DVNHA); University of Idaho; US Geological Survey; Idaho Department of Fish and Game; Wildlife Management Institute FX We thank the Death Valley Natural History Association (DVNHA) for helping fund this study. Candace Lieber (DVNHA) and David Blacker (DVNHA) were very helpful with logistics for the study. The study included an educational outreach component, organized by the National Park Service (NPS) and partly funded by DVNHA, which educated 244 elementary and high school students about Salt Creek pupfish ecology in Death Valley National Park. S. Kyriazis (NPS) helped organize educational curriculum for students. In addition, we are grateful for the help of K. Wilson (NPS). We thank numerous volunteers who helped with field sampling, including: D. Wyatt, S. Kyriazis (NPS), J. Snow (NPS), M. Tilman (NPS), J. Tilman (NPS), J. Stoltzfus (NPS), P. Slaton (NPS), V. Schultz, and L. Finn (NPS). Furthermore, J. Stark (NPS) provided help with GIS mapping of Salt Creek. S. Parmenter (California Department of Fish and Game) provided biological insight and helped with permitting. This study was conducted under the California Department of Fish and Game permit number 803089-02, and NPS permit number DEVA-2009-SCI-0038. The Idaho Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly sponsored by the University of Idaho, US Geological Survey, Idaho Department of Fish and Game, and Wildlife Management Institute. The use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 21 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0270-5060 J9 J FRESHWATER ECOL JI J. Freshw. Ecol. PD MAR 1 PY 2013 VL 28 IS 1 BP 27 EP 38 DI 10.1080/02705060.2012.718250 PG 12 WC Ecology; Limnology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 189XZ UT WOS:000322302900003 ER PT J AU Jones, TA AF Jones, Thomas A. TI Ecologically Appropriate Plant Materials for Restoration Applications SO BIOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE ecological restoration; local adaptation; native plant materials; novel ecosystems; restoration genetics ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; LOCAL ADAPTATION; ECOLOGY; CONSERVATION; RESILIENCE; HISTORY; FITNESS AB The areas targeted for restoration are often the modified ecosystems that are rapidly becoming the planetary norm, and when ecosystem modification has been extensive, local genotypes may not be the most effective for repair. Here, local has value is presented as a paradigm for the restoration of such systems as a corollary to local is best for systems that have sustained less modification. In many cases, adaptation may be enhanced through genetic variation or applying artificial selection, particularly for generalist species. Ecologically appropriate plant materials are those that exhibit ecological fitness for their intended site, display compatibility with other members of the plant community, and demonstrate no invasive tendencies. They may address specific environmental challenges, rejuvenate ecosystem function, and improve the delivery of ecosystem services. Furthermore, they may be improved over time, thereby serving to ameliorate the increasingly challenging environments that typify many restoration sites. C1 ARS, USDA, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT USA. RP Jones, TA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT USA. EM thomas.jones@ars.usda.gov NR 45 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 51 PU AMER INST BIOLOGICAL SCI PI WASHINGTON PA 1444 EYE ST, NW, STE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0006-3568 J9 BIOSCIENCE JI Bioscience PD MAR PY 2013 VL 63 IS 3 BP 211 EP 219 DI 10.1525/bio.2013.63.3.9 PG 9 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 186MI UT WOS:000322048200009 ER PT J AU Cabanillas, HE de Leon, JH Humber, RA Murray, KD Jones, WA AF Cabanillas, H. Enrique de Leon, Jesse H. Humber, Richard A. Murray, K. Daniel Jones, Walker A. TI Isaria poprawskii sp nov (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae), a new entomopathogenic fungus from Texas affecting sweet potato whitefly SO MYCOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Anamorphic fungi; Biocontrol; Entomopathogenic fungi; Taxonomy ID GONATOCERUS-MORRILLI HYMENOPTERA; MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; GENETIC-VARIABILITY; MOLECULAR MARKERS; BEMISIA-TABACI; MYMARIDAE; RDNA; PCR; CLAVICIPITACEAE; AMPLIFICATION AB Isaria poprawskii is described as a new entomopathogenic species similar to Isaria javanica (=Paecilomyces javanicus). It was discovered on the sweet potato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci biotype B in the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas (LRGV), USA. Morphological and DNA examinations indicated the distinctness of I. poprawskii from the ex-type isolate of I. javanica. I. poprawskii produced light yellow young colonies to darker yellow with a grayish-violet center to a taupe or a brownish-gray mature conidial mass; conidia hyaline, one-celled, 3.9 (2.9-4.6) mu m long x 1.6 (1.4-2.1) mu m wide; colored synnemata, but I. javanica ex-type produced white colony, hyaline conidia and no synnemata. A phylogenetic position of I. poprawskii was inferred by a nucleotide sequence analysis of beta-tubulin along with standard beta-tubulin sequences from GenBank. Fifteen unsequenced isolates, including eight from the LRGV, were investigated. The analysis confirmed that I. poprawskii could be recovered from LRGV fields, and that both I. javanica and I. poprawskii are present in the LRGV in sympatry. I. poprawskii was shown to be closely related to I. javanica; however, it formed its own unique clade, thus confirming its status as a new fungal species. (C) 2012 The Mycological Society of Japan. Published by Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved. C1 [Cabanillas, H. Enrique; Murray, K. Daniel] USDA ARS, Kika de la Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr KSARC, Honey Bee Res Unit, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. [de Leon, Jesse H.; Jones, Walker A.] USDA ARS, KSARC, Beneficial Insects Res Unit, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. [Humber, Richard A.] USDA ARS, Biol Integrated Pest Management Res Unit, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Cabanillas, HE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Kika de la Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr KSARC, Honey Bee Res Unit, 2413 E Hwy 83, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. EM quique_cabanillas@hotmail.com NR 31 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1340-3540 EI 1618-2545 J9 MYCOSCIENCE JI Mycoscience PD MAR PY 2013 VL 54 IS 2 BP 158 EP 169 DI 10.1016/j.myc.2012.09.009 PG 12 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 185VU UT WOS:000321999200009 ER PT J AU Smith, CE Tucker, KL Lee, YC Lai, CQ Parnell, LD Ordovas, JM AF Smith, Caren E. Tucker, Katherine L. Lee, Yu-Chi Lai, Chao-Qiang Parnell, Laurence D. Ordovas, Jose M. TI Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein 1 Variant Interacts with Saturated Fatty Acids in Puerto Ricans SO OBESITY LA English DT Article ID LONG-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES; DIETARY MEDIUM-CHAIN; WEIGHT-LOSS; GENE-EXPRESSION; OBESITY; ASSOCIATION; ADULTS; MICE; ADIPOSITY; HUMANS AB Objective: Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) is a multifunctional endocytic receptor that is highly expressed in adipocytes and the hypothalamus. Animal models and in vitro studies support a role for LRP1 in adipocyte metabolism and leptin signaling, but genetic polymorphisms have not been evaluated for obesity in people. Design and Methods: We examined whether dietary fats (eg., saturated, polyunsaturated) modulated the association of LRP1 rs1799986 with anthropometric traits. We studied a population-based sample of Puerto Ricans (n = 920, aged 45-74 y) living in the Boston area. We examined whether dietary fats (eg., saturated, polyunsaturated) modulated the association of LRP1 rs1799986 with anthropometric traits. We studied a population-based sample of Puerto Ricans (n = 920, aged 45-74 y) living in the Boston area. Results: In multivariable linear regression models, we dichotomized saturated fat intake and found significant interaction terms between total saturated fatty acids and LRP1 rs1799986 genotype for BMI (P=0.006) and hip (P = 0.002). High intake of saturated fat was associated with higher BMI (P = 0.001), waist (P = 0.008) and hip (P=0.003) in minor allele carriers (CT+TT) compared to CC participants. Further analysis of dichotomized individual saturated fatty acids revealed that interactions were strongest for two individual longer chain fatty acids. High intake of palmitic acid (C16:0; P = 0.0007) and high stearic acid intake (C18:0; P = 0.005) were associated with higher BMI in Tcarriers. Interactions were not detected for polyunsaturated fatty acids. Conclusions: Gene-diet interactions at the LRP1 locus support the hypothesis that susceptibility to weight gain based on saturated fatty acids is modified by genotype and possibly by chain length. These results may facilitate the development of a panel of genetic candidates for use in optimizing dietary recommendations for obesity management. C1 [Smith, Caren E.; Lee, Yu-Chi; Lai, Chao-Qiang; Parnell, Laurence D.; Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr & Genom Lab, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Tucker, Katherine L.] Northeastern Univ, Dept Hlth Sci, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Lee, Yu-Chi; Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Ordovas, JM (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr & Genom Lab, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM jose.ordovas@tufts.edu OI Tucker, Katherine/0000-0001-7640-662X FU National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging [5P01AG023394-02]; NIH/NHLBI [HL54776]; NIH/NIDDK [DK075030]; US Department of Agriculture Research Service [53-K06-5-10, 58-1950-9-001] FX Supported by the National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging, grant number 5P01AG023394-02 and NIH/NHLBI grant number HL54776 and NIH/NIDDK DK075030 and contracts 53-K06-5-10 and 58-1950-9-001 from the US Department of Agriculture Research Service. NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1930-7381 J9 OBESITY JI Obesity PD MAR PY 2013 VL 21 IS 3 BP 602 EP 608 DI 10.1002/oby.20001 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 187AK UT WOS:000322087600052 PM 23404896 ER PT J AU Thomas, AP Dunn, TN Drayton, JB Oort, PJ Adams, SH AF Thomas, Anthony P. Dunn, Tamara N. Drayton, Josephine B. Oort, Pieter J. Adams, Sean H. TI A Dairy-Based High Calcium Diet Improves Glucose Homeostasis and Reduces Steatosis in the Context of Preexisting Obesity SO OBESITY LA English DT Article ID AP2-AGOUTI TRANSGENIC MICE; WEIGHT MANAGEMENT; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; METABOLISM; GAIN; WHEY; RATS; CONSUMPTION; MODULATION; CALCITRIOL AB Objective: High dietary calcium (Ca) in the context of a dairy food matrix has been shown to reduce obesity development and associated inflammation in diet-induced obese (DIO) rodents. The influence of Ca and dairy on these phenotypes in the context of preexisting obesity is not known. Furthermore, interpretations have been confounded historically by differences in body weight gain among DIO animals fed dairy-based protein or high Ca. Design and Methods: Adiposity along with associated metabolic and inflammatory outcomes were measured in DIO mice previously fattened for 12 week on a soy protein-based obesogenic high fat diet (45% energy, 0.5% adequate Ca), then fed one of three high fat diets (n = 29-30/group) for an additional 8 week: control (same as lead-in diet), high-Ca (1.5% Ca), or high-Ca + nonfat dry milk (NFDM). Results and Conclusion: Mice fed high-Ca + NFDM had modestly, but significantly, attenuated weight gain compared to mice fed high-Ca or versus controls (P < 0.001), whereas mice fed high-Ca alone had increased weight gain compared to controls (P < 0.001). Total measured adipose depot weights between groups were similar, as were white adipose tissue inflammation and macrophage infiltration markers (e. g. TNF alpha, IL-6, CD68 mRNAs). Mice fed high-Ca + NFDM had significantly improved glucose tolerance following a glucose tolerance test, and markedly lower liver triglycerides compared to high-Ca and control groups. Improved metabolic phenotypes in prefattened DIO mice following provision of a diet enriched with dairy-based protein and carbohydrates appeared to be driven by non-Ca components of dairy and were observed despite minimal differences in body weight or adiposity. C1 [Thomas, Anthony P.; Dunn, Tamara N.; Adams, Sean H.] Univ Calif Davis, Grad Grp Nutr Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Thomas, Anthony P.; Dunn, Tamara N.; Adams, Sean H.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Drayton, Josephine B.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Oort, Pieter J.; Adams, Sean H.] ARS, Obes & Metab Res Unit, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA USA. RP Adams, SH (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Grad Grp Nutr Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM sean.h.adams@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS [5306-51530-016-00D, 5306-51530-019-00]; National Dairy Council FX Funding agencies: This research was supported in part by intramural USDA-ARS Projects 5306-51530-016-00D and 5306-51530-019-00 and the National Dairy Council (grant administered by the Dairy Research Institute). NR 33 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1930-7381 J9 OBESITY JI Obesity PD MAR PY 2013 VL 21 IS 3 BP E229 EP E235 DI 10.1002/oby.20039 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 187AK UT WOS:000322087600008 PM 23404741 ER PT J AU Joung, YH Hill, JL Hyun, JO Mu, D Luo, JC Lee, DH Kawahara, T Suh, JK Roh, MS AF Joung, Young Hee Hill, Jerry L. Hyun, Jung Oh Mu, Ding Luo, Juchun Lee, Do Hyung Kawahara, Takayuki Suh, Jeung Keun Roh, Mark S. TI A hybrid swarm population of Pinus densiflora x P. sylvestris inferred from sequence analysis of chloroplast DNA and morphological characters SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE P. sylvestris var. sylvestriformis; chloroplast DNA; simple sequence repeat sequencing; hybrid swarm population ID PATERNITY ANALYSIS; MUGO TURRA; RED PINE; POLLEN; MICROSATELLITES; HYBRIDIZATION; L. AB To confirm a hybrid swarm population of Pinus densiflora x P. sylvestris in Jilin, China, we used needles and seeds from P. densiflora, P. sylvestris, and P. densiflora x P. sylvestris collected from natural stands or experimental stations to study whether shoot apex morphology of 4-year old seedlings can be correlated with the sequence of a chloroplast DNA simple sequence repeat marker (cpDNA SSRs). Total genomic DNA was extracted and subjected to sequence analysis of the pine cpDNA SSR marker Pt15169. Results show that morphological characters from 4-year old seedlings did not correlate with sequence variants of this marker. Marker haplotypes from all P. sylvestris trees had a CTAT element that was absent from all sampled P. densiflora trees. However, both haplotype classes involving this insertion/deletion element were found in a P. densiflora x P. sylvestris population and its seedling progeny. It was concluded that the P. densiflora x P. sylvestris accessions sampled from Jilin, China resulted from bi-directional crosses, as evidenced by both species' cpDNA haplotypes within the hybrid swarm population. C1 [Joung, Young Hee] Chonnam Natl Univ, Sch Biol Sci & Technol, Kwangju, South Korea. [Hyun, Jung Oh] Seoul Natl Univ, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Seoul, South Korea. [Lee, Do Hyung] Yeungnam Univ, Dept Forest Resources, Coll Nat Resources, Gyongsan, South Korea. [Suh, Jeung Keun] Dankook Univ, Sch Bioresource Sci, Dept Environm Hort, Cheonan, South Korea. [Hill, Jerry L.] Washington State Univ, USDA, Forest Serv, Dorena Genet Resource Ctr, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Roh, Mark S.] ARS, USDA, US Natl Arboretum Floral & Nursery Plants Res Uni, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Mu, Ding] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Luo, Juchun] Beijing Forestry Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Kawahara, Takayuki] Hokkaido Res Ctr, Forestry & Forest Prod Res Inst, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan. RP Roh, MS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Natl Arboretum Floral & Nursery Plants Res Uni, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Mark.Roh@ars.usda.gov FU Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea [PJ009052] FX Foundation project: This research was in part supported by a grant from the Next-Generation BioGreen 21 Program, Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea (PJ009052). NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 21 PU NORTHEAST FORESTRY UNIV PI HARBIN PA NO. 26 HEXING RD, DONGLI DISTRICT, HARBIN, 00000, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1007-662X J9 J FORESTRY RES JI J. For. Res. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 24 IS 1 BP 53 EP 60 DI 10.1007/s11676-013-0325-1 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 175UB UT WOS:000321257900007 ER PT J AU Griswold, TL Gonzalez, VH AF Griswold, T. L. Gonzalez, V. H. TI A new species of the rare African wool-carder bee genus Anthidioma (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) from Namibia SO AFRICAN ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 [Griswold, T. L.; Gonzalez, V. H.] Utah State Univ, ARS, USDA, Bee Biol & Systemat Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Gonzalez, VH (reprint author), Southwestern Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 100 Campus Dr,SCI 110F, Weatherford, OK 73096 USA. EM victorgonzab@gmail.com FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0742998] FX We are greatly indebted to C. Rasmussen, M. Rightmyer and anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and suggestions that improved this note. This study was supported in part by National Science Foundation grant DEB-0742998. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC SOUTHERN AFRICA PI HATFIELD PA PO BOX 13162, HATFIELD 0028, SOUTH AFRICA SN 1021-3589 J9 AFR ENTOMOL JI Afr. Entomol. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 21 IS 1 BP 177 EP 180 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 172AE UT WOS:000320971400025 ER PT J AU Allen, BL Fleming, PJS Allen, LR Engeman, RM Ballard, G Leung, LKP AF Allen, Benjamin L. Fleming, Peter J. S. Allen, Lee R. Engeman, Richard M. Ballard, Guy Leung, Luke K. -P. TI As clear as mud: A critical review of evidence for the ecological roles of Australian dingoes SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Review DE Biodiversity conservation; Experimental design; Mesopredator release; Relative abundance indices; Threatened fauna; Trophic cascades ID NEW-SOUTH-WALES; RABBIT HEMORRHAGIC-DISEASE; CANIS-LUPUS-DINGO; TOP-PREDATOR; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; ARID AUSTRALIA; TANAMI DESERT; FERAL CATS; WILD DOGMA; BIODIVERSITY PROTECTION AB Top-predators have been reported to have an important role in structuring food webs and maintaining ecological processes for the benefit of biodiversity at lower trophic levels. This is thought to be achieved through their suppressive effects on sympatric mesopredators and prey. Great scientific and public interest surrounds the potential use of top-predators as biodiversity conservation tools, and it can often be difficult to separate what we think we know and what we really know about their ecological utility. Not all the claims made about the ecological roles of top-predators can be substantiated by current evidence. We review the methodology underpinning empirical data on the ecological roles of Australian dingoes (Canis lupus dingo and hybrids) to provide a comprehensive and objective benchmark for knowledge of the ecological roles of Australia's largest terrestrial predator. From a wide variety of methodological flaws, sampling bias, and experimental design constraints inherent to 38 of the 40 field studies we assessed, we demonstrate that there is presently unreliable and inconclusive evidence for dingoes' role as a biodiversity regulator. We also discuss the widespread (both taxonomically and geographically) and direct negative effects of dingoes to native fauna, and the few robust studies investigating their positive roles. In light of the highly variable and context-specific impacts of dingoes on faunal biodiversity and the inconclusive state of the literature, we strongly caution against the positive management of dingoes in the absence of a supporting evidence-base for such action. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Allen, Benjamin L.; Leung, Luke K. -P.] Univ Queensland, Sch Agr & Food Sci, Gatton, Qld 4343, Australia. [Fleming, Peter J. S.] Dept Primary Ind, Vertebrate Pest Res Unit, Orange, NSW 2800, Australia. [Allen, Benjamin L.; Allen, Lee R.] Biosecur Queensland, Robert Wicks Pest Anim Res Ctr, Toowoomba, Qld 4350, Australia. [Engeman, Richard M.] USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Ballard, Guy] Dept Primary Ind, Vertebrate Pest Res Unit, Armidale, NSW 2350, Australia. RP Allen, BL (reprint author), Biosecur Queensland, Robert Wicks Pest Anim Res Ctr, Toowoomba, Qld 4350, Australia. EM benjamin.allen@daff.qld.gov.au OI Allen, Benjamin/0000-0002-1533-0163 FU Invasive Animals Cooperative Research Centre FX We sincerely thank Dr. Matt Hayward from Australian Wildlife Conservancy for his idea to include consideration of sampling bias, for his substantial input into Section 4.2 and the manuscript as a whole, and for his substantial contribution to Allen et al. (2012a), from which this report is derived. Jim Hone also provided helpful and constructive comments on earlier drafts of the manuscript, as did five anonymous reviewers. This research was carried out as part of work supported by the Invasive Animals Cooperative Research Centre, which contributed funds to support the involvement of Ben Allen, Guy Ballard and Peter Fleming. NR 151 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 3 U2 91 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0006-3207 EI 1873-2917 J9 BIOL CONSERV JI Biol. Conserv. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 159 BP 158 EP 174 DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2012.12.004 PG 17 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 160DF UT WOS:000320096300021 ER PT J AU Anderson, MK Lake, FK AF Anderson, M. Kat Lake, Frank K. TI CALIFORNIA INDIAN ETHNOMYCOLOGY AND ASSOCIATED FOREST MANAGEMENT SO JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Indigenous knowledge; mushroom harvesting; fire; fungi; mycorrhiza ID PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; COMMERCIAL MUSHROOMS; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA; HOST-SPECIFICITY; EDIBLE MUSHROOMS; MOREL MORCHELLA; UNITED-STATES; OAK-WOODLAND; FUNGI; FIRE AB Many California Indian tribes utilized mushrooms for food, medicine, and/or technological purposes. This paper summarizes which mushrooms were important to different California Indian tribes in historic and modern times and how they were harvested, prepared, and stored. Oral interviews were conducted and the ethnographic literature reviewed to detail the extent and complexity of indigenous knowledge about fungi harvesting and associated burning to enhance mushroom populations and their habitats. Through two case studies, we review indigenous burning practices of several tribes in the lower montane mixed conifer forests of the central and southern Sierra Nevada, and the mixed evergreen forests of northern California. We explore the potential ecological effects of burning on these forests at different levels of biological organization and conclude by offering suggestions for research, management, and restoration practices needed to perpetuate usable mushrooms. C1 [Anderson, M. Kat] Univ Calif Davis, USDA, Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Lake, Frank K.] USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Redding, CA 96002 USA. RP Anderson, MK (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, USDA, Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Dept Plant Sci, 1035 Wiekson Hall,1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM mkanderson@ucdavis.edu; franklake@fs.fed.us FU University of California Integrated Hardwood Range Management Program; Yosemite Association; Yosemite National Park FX We would like to thank all of the native people who have generously shared their knowledge and practices with us over the years and given their consent to quote them (Anderson and Lake fieldwork). We are grateful to Melba Beecher, La Verne Glaze, and Phyllis Montgomery for permission to take their photographs and publish them. We appreciate support for our work provided by the University of California Integrated Hardwood Range Management Program, the Yosemite Association, and Yosemite National Park. James Agee, Michael Allen, Max Creasy, Dan Luoma, Dave Perry, David Pilz, Carl Skinner, and Jane Smith reviewed the manuscript and offered valuable editorial improvements. Hope Woodward translated and edited the abstract. Barbara Balen and Candra Neff facilitated interviews with the Central Sierra Me-Wuk. Sherrie Smith-Ferri selected John Hudson field notes with mushroom information from the Grace Hudson Museum Archives for review. Bill Helmer searched the scanned field notes of Frank J. Essene, and Frederick S. Hulse for mushroom information on the Paiute. Thomas Bruns provided a history of mycology at the University of California, Berkeley. Christopher Thayer and Michael Wood visually identified fungus specimens from the Oakland Museum, and Michael Wood assisted with updating the scientific nomenclature. Mike Davis identified mushrooms sent from the field through ocular methods and DNA analysis. Michelle T. Seidl and Isabel Tavares offered possible identifications for some of the mushroom descriptions. Steve Oerding designed the map. NR 166 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 30 PU SOC ETHNOBIOLOGY PI DENTON PA UNIV NORTH TEXAS, DEPT GEOGRAPHY, 1155 UNION CIRCLE 305279, DENTON, TX 76203-5017 USA SN 0278-0771 EI 2162-4496 J9 J ETHNOBIOL JI J. Ethnobiol. PD SPR-SUM PY 2013 VL 33 IS 1 BP 33 EP 85 DI 10.2993/0278-0771-33.1.33 PG 53 WC Anthropology; Biology SC Anthropology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 164AW UT WOS:000320382100003 ER PT J AU Nachman, RJ AF Nachman, Ronald J. TI Introduction: Invertebrate neuropeptides XIII SO PEPTIDES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USDA, Insect Neuropeptide Lab, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Nachman, RJ (reprint author), USDA, Insect Neuropeptide Lab, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, 2881 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM nachman@tamu.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-9781 J9 PEPTIDES JI Peptides PD MAR PY 2013 VL 41 BP 1 EP 1 DI 10.1016/j.peptides.2013.03.016 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 170KS UT WOS:000320849800001 PM 23663931 ER PT J AU Predel, R Neupert, S Russell, WK Hauser, F Russell, DH Li, A Nachman, RJ AF Predel, Reinhard Neupert, Susanne Russell, William K. Hauser, Frank Russell, David H. Li, Andrew Nachman, Ronald J. TI CAPA-gene products in the haematophagous sandfly Phlebotomus papatasi (Scopoli) - vector for leishmaniasis disease SO PEPTIDES LA English DT Article DE Capa-gene; MALDI-TOF; Peptidomics; Insect neuropeptides; Periviscerokinins; Corazonin; Phlebotomus papatasi; Psychodidae; Differential processing ID DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; EXPRESSION; PEPTIDES; NEUROPEPTIDES; PEPTIDOMICS; RECEPTOR; INSECTS; NEURONS; CLONING; CORAZONIN AB Sandflies (Phlebotominae, Nematocera, Diptera) are responsible for transmission of leishmaniasis and other protozoan-borne diseases in humans, and these insects depend on the regulation of water balance to cope with the sudden and enormous intake of blood over a very short time period. The sandfly inventory of neuropeptides, including those that regulate diuretic processes, is completely unknown. Direct MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometric analysis of dissected ganglia of Phlebotomus papatasi, combined with a data-mining of sandfly genome 'contigs', was used to identify native CAPA-peptides, a peptide class associated with the regulation of diuresis in other hematophagous insects. The CAPA-peptides identified in this study include two CAPA-PVKs, differentially processed CAPA-PK, and an additional CAPA precursor peptide. The mass spectrometric analysis of different parts of the neuroendocrine system of the sandfly indicate that it represents the first insect which accumulates CAPA-PVKs exclusively in hormone release sites of abdominal ganglia and CAPA-PK (nearly) exclusively in the corpora cardiaca. Additionally, sandflies feature the smallest abdominal ganglia (similar to 35 mu m) where CAPA-peptides could be detected so far. The small size of the abdominal ganglia does not appear to affect the development of the median neurosecretory system as it obviously does in another comparably small insect species, Nasonia vitripennis, in which no capa-gene expression was found. Rather, immunocytochemical analyses confirm that the general architecture in sandflies appears identical to that of much larger mosquitoes. (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Predel, Reinhard; Neupert, Susanne] Univ Cologne, Bioctr, Inst Zool, D-50674 Cologne, Germany. [Russell, William K.; Russell, David H.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Chem, Lab Biol Mass Spectrometry, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Hauser, Frank] Univ Copenhagen, Ctr Funct & Comparat Insect Genom, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Hauser, Frank] Univ Copenhagen, Inst Biol, Dept Cell Biol & Comparat Zool, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Li, Andrew] USDA, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res La, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. [Predel, Reinhard; Neupert, Susanne; Nachman, Ronald J.] USDA, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Predel, R (reprint author), Univ Cologne, Bioctr, Inst Zool, Zulpicher Str 47B, D-50674 Cologne, Germany. EM reinhard.predel@uni-koeln.de; nachman@tamu.edu RI Hauser, Frank/M-2952-2014; Predel, Reinhard/O-5243-2015; Russell, David/C-3618-2015 OI Hauser, Frank/0000-0001-5563-2345; Russell, David/0000-0003-0830-3914 FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [595/6-1,2]; U.S.-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Grant [IS-4205-09C]; USDA/DOD DWFP Initiative [0500-32000-001-01R] FX This study was supported with a grant from Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Predel 595/6-1,2), an U.S.-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Grant (BARD #IS-4205-09C) (R.J.N.), and a grant from the USDA/DOD DWFP Initiative (#0500-32000-001-01R) (R.J.N., R.P., S.N.). NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-9781 J9 PEPTIDES JI Peptides PD MAR PY 2013 VL 41 BP 2 EP 7 DI 10.1016/j.peptides.2012.12.009 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 170KS UT WOS:000320849800002 PM 23266568 ER PT J AU Nachman, RJ Wang, XDJ Etzkorn, FA Kaczmarek, K Zabrocki, J Lopez, J Coast, GM AF Nachman, Ronald J. Wang, Xiaodong J. Etzkorn, Felicia A. Kaczmarek, Krzysztof Zabrocki, Janusz Lopez, Juan Coast, Geoffrey M. TI Evaluation of insect CAP(2b) analogs with either an (E)-alkene, trans- or a (Z)-alkene, cis-Pro isostere identifies the Pro orientation for antidiuretic activity in the stink bug SO PEPTIDES LA English DT Article DE Antidiuretic; Stink bug; Peptidomimetic; Neuropeptide; Cyclic ID TUBULE FLUID SECRETION; NEZARA-VIRIDULA L.; RHODNIUS-PROLIXUS; CARDIOACCELERATORY PEPTIDE; MALPIGHIAN TUBULE; TOBACCO HAWKMOTH; MUSCA-DOMESTICA; MANDUCA-SEXTA; NEUROPEPTIDES; EXPRESSION AB The CAP(2b) neuropeptide family plays an important role in the regulation of the processes of diuresis and/or antidiuresis in a variety of insects. While Manse-CAP(2b) (pELYAFPRV-NH2) and native CAP(2b)s elicit diuretic activity in a number of species of flies, native CAP(2b) sequences have been shown to elicit antidiuretic activity in the kissing bug Rhodnius prolixus and the green stink bug Acrosternum hilare, the latter being an important pest of cotton and soybean in the southern United States. Analogs of CAP(2b) containing either a (Z)-alkene, cis-Pro or an (E)-alkene, trans-Pro isosteric component were synthesized and evaluated in an in vitro stink bug diuretic assay, which involved measurement of fluid secretion by Malpighian tubules isolated from A. hilare. The conformationally constrained trans-Pro analog demonstrated statistically significant antidiuretic activity, whereas the cis-Pro analog failed to elicit activity. The results are consistent with the adoption of a trans orientation for the Pro in CAP(2b) neuropeptides during interaction with receptors associated with the antidiuretic process in the stink bug. In addition, the results are further consistent with a theory of ligand-receptor coevolution between the CAP(2b) and pyrokinin/PBAN neuropeptide classes, both members of the '-PRXamide' superfamily. This work further identifies a scaffold with which to design mimetic CAP(2b) analogs as potential leads in the development of environmentally favorable pest management agents capable of disrupting CAP(2b)-regulated diuretic/antidiuretic functions. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Nachman, Ronald J.; Kaczmarek, Krzysztof; Zabrocki, Janusz; Lopez, Juan; Coast, Geoffrey M.] USDA, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Wang, Xiaodong J.; Etzkorn, Felicia A.] Virginia Tech, Dept Chem, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Kaczmarek, Krzysztof; Zabrocki, Janusz] Tech Univ Lodz, Inst Organ Chem, PL-90924 Lodz, Poland. [Kaczmarek, Krzysztof; Zabrocki, Janusz] Peptaderm Inc, PL-00071 Warsaw, Poland. [Coast, Geoffrey M.] Birkbeck Univ London, Sch Biol & Chem Sci, London WC1E 7HX, England. RP Coast, GM (reprint author), USDA, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, 2881 F-B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM nachman@tamu.edu; geoffcoast@btinternet.com FU Collaborative Research Grant from the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) [LST.CLG.979226]; US-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund (BARD) [IS-4205-09C] FX The authors acknowledge the able technical assistance of Allison Strey and Nan Pryor (USDA, College Station, TX), and financial assistance from a Collaborative Research Grant (#LST.CLG.979226) from the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) (RJN, GMC) and a grant from the US-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund (BARD) (IS-4205-09C) (RJN, KK, and JZ). The authors further acknowledge David Schooley (U. Nevada/Reno) for the gift of Zoone-DH. NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-9781 J9 PEPTIDES JI Peptides PD MAR PY 2013 VL 41 BP 101 EP 106 DI 10.1016/j.peptides.2012.09.026 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 170KS UT WOS:000320849800015 PM 23036324 ER PT J AU Yu, N Benzi, V Zotti, MJ Staljanssens, D Kaczmarek, K Zabrocki, J Nachman, RJ Smagghe, G AF Yu, Na Benzi, Veronica Zotti, Moises Joao Staljanssens, Dorien Kaczmarek, Krzysztof Zabrocki, Janusz Nachman, Ronald J. Smagghe, Guy TI Analogs of sulfakinin-related peptides demonstrate reduction in food intake in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, while putative antagonists increase consumption SO PEPTIDES LA English DT Article DE Sulfakinin; Food intake; Tribolium castaneum; Analog; Antagonist ID BLOWFLY CALLIPHORA-VOMITORIA; SULFATED INSECT NEUROPEPTIDE; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; AMERICAN COCKROACH; GENE-EXPRESSION; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; FIELD CRICKET; CHOLECYSTOKININ; IDENTIFICATION; GASTRIN AB The insect sulfakinins (SKs) constitute a family of neuropeptides that display both structural and functional similarities to the mammalian hormones gastrin and cholecystokinin (CCK). As a multifunctional neuropeptide, SKs are involved in muscle contractions as well as food intake regulation in many insects. In the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum, the action on food intake by a series of synthetic SK analogs and one putative antagonist was investigated by injection in beetle adults. The most remarkable result was that both sulfated and non-sulfated SKs [FDDY(SO3H)GHMRFamide] inhibited food intake by about 70%. Strong activity observed for SK analogs featuring a residue that mimics the acidic nature of Tyr(SO3H) but lack the phenyl ring of Tyr, indicate that aromaticity is not a critical characteristic for this position of the peptide. SK demonstrated considerable tolerance to Ser and Ala substitution in position 8 (basic Arg), as analogs featuring these uncharged substitutions retained almost all of the food intake inhibitory activity. Also, the Phe in position 1 could be replaced by Ser without complete loss of activity. Conversely, substitution of Met by Nle in position 7 led to inactive compounds. Finally, the Caenorhabditis elegans sulfated neuropeptide-like protein-12 (NLP-12), that shares some sequence similarities with the SKs but features a Gln-Phe-amide rather than an Arg-Phe-amide at the C-terminus, elicited increased food intake in T. castaneum, which may indicate an antagonist activity. Co-injection of NLP-12 with nsSK blocked the food intake inhibitory effects of nsSK. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Yu, Na; Benzi, Veronica; Zotti, Moises Joao; Staljanssens, Dorien; Smagghe, Guy] Univ Ghent, Fac Biosci Engn, Dept Crop Protect, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Benzi, Veronica] Univ Nacl Sur, Dept Biol Biochem & Pharm, RA-8000 Bahia Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Kaczmarek, Krzysztof; Zabrocki, Janusz; Nachman, Ronald J.] USDA, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, Areawide Pest Management Res, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Kaczmarek, Krzysztof; Zabrocki, Janusz] Tech Univ Lodz, Inst Organ Chem, PL-90924 Lodz, Poland. RP Smagghe, G (reprint author), Univ Ghent, Fac Biosci Engn, Dept Crop Protect, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. EM guy.smagghe@ugent.be RI Zotti, Moises/A-3546-2012; zotti, moises/G-3840-2015 OI Zotti, Moises/0000-0003-1872-6339; zotti, moises/0000-0001-5942-2476 FU China Scholar Council (CSC); Special Research Fund of Ghent University; U.S. Department of Agriculture FX The authors wish to acknowledge the financial support from the China Scholar Council (CSC), the Special Research Fund of Ghent University, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 48 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-9781 J9 PEPTIDES JI Peptides PD MAR PY 2013 VL 41 BP 107 EP 112 DI 10.1016/j.peptides.2012.12.005 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 170KS UT WOS:000320849800016 PM 23246802 ER PT J AU Breidt, F Medina, E Wafa, D Perez-Diaz, I Franco, W Huang, HY Johanningsmeier, SD Kim, JH AF Breidt, Fred Medina, Eduardo Wafa, Doria Perez-Diaz, Ilenys Franco, Wendy Huang, Hsin-Yu Johanningsmeier, Suzanne D. Kim, Jae Ho TI Characterization of Cucumber Fermentation Spoilage Bacteria by Enrichment Culture and 16S rDNA Cloning SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE pickled vegetables; Pectinatus; Propionibacteria; secondary cucumber fermentation; spoilage ID LACTOBACILLUS-BUCHNERI; ACID; IDENTIFICATION; AMPLIFICATION; DEGRADATION; YEASTS; GROWTH; CELLS AB Commercial cucumber fermentations are typically carried out in 40000 L fermentation tanks. A secondary fermentation can occur after sugars are consumed that results in the formation of acetic, propionic, and butyric acids, concomitantly with the loss of lactic acid and an increase in pH. Spoilage fermentations can result in significant economic loss for industrial producers. The microbiota that result in spoilage remain incompletely defined. Previous studies have implicated yeasts, lactic acid bacteria, enterobacteriaceae, and Clostridia as having a role in spoilage fermentations. We report that Propionibacterium and Pectinatus isolates from cucumber fermentation spoilage converted lactic acid to propionic acid, increasing pH. The analysis of 16S rDNA cloning libraries confirmed and expanded the knowledge gained from previous studies using classical microbiological methods. Our data show that Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria supersede Gram-positive Fermincutes species after the pHrises from around 3.2 to pH5, and propionic and butyric acids are produced. Characterization of the spoilage microbiota is an important first step in efforts to prevent cucumber fermentation spoilage. C1 [Breidt, Fred; Perez-Diaz, Ilenys; Johanningsmeier, Suzanne D.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, SAA Food Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Medina, Eduardo] CSIC, Inst Grasa, Seville 41042, Spain. [Medina, Eduardo; Wafa, Doria] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Food Bioproc & Nutr Sci, Raleigh, NC 27698 USA. [Wafa, Doria] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Chem Engn & Bioproc, Santiago, Chile. [Huang, Hsin-Yu] Natl Taiwan Univ, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. [Kim, Jae Ho] Kyungsung Univ, Dept Biol, Pusan 608736, South Korea. RP Breidt, F (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, SAA Food Sci Res Unit, 322 Schaub Hall,Box 7624, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM fred.breidt@ars.usda.gov RI Eduardo, Medina/D-3296-2014 OI Eduardo, Medina/0000-0002-9978-4524 FU Pickle Packers Intl. Inc., Washington, D.C.; Spanish Government (MECD) FX The authors wish to acknowledge Ms. Sandra Parker for proof reading and formatting the manuscript, and Ms. Jane Caldwell, Ms. Janet Hayes, and Ms. Emily Thorp for technical expertise. This work is supported in part by a grant from Pickle Packers Intl. Inc., Washington, D.C. We also thank the Spanish Government (MECD) for the postdoctoral fellowship support for Dr. E. Medina-Pradas. NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 34 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 78 IS 3 BP M470 EP M476 DI 10.1111/1750-3841.12057 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 167BX UT WOS:000320606400015 PM 23458751 ER PT J AU Yun, J Fan, XT Li, XH AF Yun, Juan Fan, Xuetong Li, Xihong TI Inactivation of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and Quality Maintenance of Cherry Tomatoes Treated with Gaseous Essential Oils SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE essential oil; quality; SEM; Salmonella; tomato ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; ALLYL ISOTHIOCYANATE; VAPOR-PHASE; ELECTRIC-FIELD; FRESH PRODUCE; DELTA-CRP; CARVACROL; BACTERIA; FOODS; COMBINATION AB The antimicrobial activity of the essential oils (EOs) from cinnamon bark, oregano, mustard, and of their major components cinnamaldehyde, carvacrol, and allyl isothiocyanate (AIT) was evaluated as a gaseous treatment to reduce Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium in vitro and on tomatoes. In vitro tests showed that mustard EO and AIT had the greatest inhibition of Salmonella, followed by cinnamon EO and cinnamaldehyde, while oregano and carvacrol showed the least inhibition. Scanning electron microscopy images of S. Typhimurium on tomatoes suggest that the EOs and their major components damaged the bacteria, and the damage was more obvious after posttreatment storage at 10 degrees C for 4 and 7 d. Salmonella on inoculated tomatoes was reduced by more than 5 log colony forming units (CFU)/g by mustard EO and AIT, by 4.56 and 3.79 log CFU/g following cinnamon EO and cinnamaldehyde treatments, respectively, and 1.54 and 3.37 log CFU/g after oregano EO and carvacrol treatments, respectively. Mustard EO and AIT induced discoloration, softening, and loss of the vitamin C and lycopene during 21 d of storage at 10 degrees C, while treatment with cinnamon EO and cinnamaldehyde did not result in significant changes in tomato quality. Tomatoes treated with oregano EO had better quality than nontreated samples after storage. Therefore, treatment with cinnamon and oregano EO and their major components appeared to be feasible for inactivation of Salmonella on tomatoes and maintaining quality. C1 [Fan, Xuetong] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Yun, Juan; Li, Xihong] Tianjin Univ Sci & Technol, Minist Educ, Key Lab Food Nutr & Safety, Tianjin 300457, Peoples R China. RP Fan, XT (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM xuetong.fan@ars.usda.gov RI Yun, Juan/E-4164-2016 FU Technological Program of New Binhai District of Tianjin [2010-Bk17J011]; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Tianjin University of Science and Technology FX Author Juan Yun was supported in part by the Technological Program of New Binhai District of Tianjin (2010-Bk17J011) by the Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Tianjin University of Science and Technology. The authors wish to thank Kimberly J. B. Sokorai and Guoping Bao for technical support, and Drs. Gerald Sapers, Joshua Gurtler, George Paoli, Gaylen Uhlich, and Pina Fratamico for critically reviewing the manuscript. NR 36 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 78 IS 3 BP M458 EP M464 DI 10.1111/1750-3841.12052 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 167BX UT WOS:000320606400013 PM 23398191 ER PT J AU Buhr, RJ Spickler, JL Ritter, AR Bourassa, DV Cox, NA Richardson, LJ Wilson, JL AF Buhr, R. J. Spickler, J. L. Ritter, A. R. Bourassa, D. V. Cox, N. A. Richardson, L. J. Wilson, J. L. TI Efficacy of combination chemicals as sanitizers of Salmonella-inoculated broiler hatching eggshells SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POULTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE broiler hatching egg; eggshell sanitization; multi-chemical compound; Salmonella inoculation; Salmonella recovery ID BACTERICIDAL TREATMENT; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; ELIMINATE SALMONELLA; SHELL EGGS; ENTERITIDIS; HENS; INFECTION; RECOVERY; HATCHABILITY; TYPHIMURIUM AB Sanitization of broiler hatching eggs provides an opportunity to reduce the eggshell bacterial load entering hatchery incubators, which can be subsequently carried with the chicks to the grow-out farm and ultimately into the processing plant. Two experiments evaluated combination chemicals containing ammonium chlorides (NH4Cl), biguanide (C2H7N5R; BG), bronopol (C3H6BrNO4; BP), quaternary ammonium (NR4), or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for efficacy in eliminating inoculated Salmonella from the shell of broiler hatching eggs. These chemicals were compared with no treatment, water sprayed (to account for spray rinsing of eggshells independent of sanitization), and to 1.4% H2O2, a demonstrated effective hatching egg sanitizer for Salmonella. All 4 combination chemicals tested (2NH(4)Cl+H2O2, 2NR(4)+BP+BG, 4NR(4), and 4NR(4)+BG) significantly reduced the recovery of Salmonella (80% to 100%) in comparison to the water-sprayed controls (a 9% to 20% reduction following water spray). In the second experiment, the chemical 4NR(4)+BG (containing 4 quaternary ammoniums and a biguanide) at 200 mg/L was as effective as H2O2 at 1.4% in sanitizing hatching eggs for both Salmonella strains when the inoculum levels were 1 x 10(4) (0% positive) or 1 x 10(6) cfu/eggshell (3% positive). Following hatchability and chick quality trials for 4NR(4)+BG, this chemical should be considered for evaluation in commercial hatchery operations for the reduction of Salmonella on the shells of hatching eggs. C1 [Buhr, R. J.; Spickler, J. L.; Ritter, A. R.; Bourassa, D. V.; Cox, N. A.; Richardson, L. J.] USDA ARS, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Spickler, J. L.; Ritter, A. R.; Wilson, J. L.] Univ Georgia, Dept Poultry Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Buhr, RJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM jeff.buhr@ars.usda.gov FU Current Research Information System project: Interventions for Foodborne Pathogens during Poultry and Egg Production and Processing [6612-32000-061-00] FX We acknowledge the technical assistance and media preparation of Jeromey S. Jackson and Luanne L. Rigsby at the Russell Research Center and hatching egg collection by Beverly McLendon at The University of Georgia. This research was conducted within the Current Research Information System project: Interventions for Foodborne Pathogens during Poultry and Egg Production and Processing, 6612-32000-061-00. NR 41 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 1056-6171 J9 J APPL POULTRY RES JI J. Appl. Poult. Res. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 22 IS 1 BP 27 EP 35 DI 10.3382/japr.2012-00537 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 152ED UT WOS:000319512600004 ER PT J AU Berrang, ME Frank, JF Meinersmann, RJ AF Berrang, M. E. Frank, J. F. Meinersmann, R. J. TI Contamination of raw poultry meat by airborne Listeria originating from a floor drain SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POULTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE airborne; air sample; floor drain; Listeria; poultry meat ID PROCESSING PLANT; MONOCYTOGENES CONTAMINATION; BROILER-CHICKENS; COLONIZATION; AEROSOLS; INDUSTRY; SPP. AB Poultry processing plants can become colonized with Listeria monocytogenes, resulting in long-term residence in floor drains. Earlier work showed that water spray into a contaminated floor drain causes airborne dissemination of a nonvirulent surrogate, Listeria innocua. The objective of the current study was to determine the extent to which a hose spray can result in the transfer of L. innocua from an established floor drain biofilm to raw poultry meat. Model floor drains were inoculated and subjected to a 2-s water spray during which broiler breast fillets were left uncovered on a table 2.4 m away. Other fillets were indirectly exposed by placement on the table 10 min after the drain spray. The number of Listeria on each fillet was determined on the day of exposure and after 4 d of refrigerated storage. An average of approximately 18 Listeria cells was detected per air-exposed filet; about half that number was detected on indirectly exposed fillets. The number of Listeria did not change substantially during 4 d of cold storage. An inadvertent 2-s spray into a contaminated floor drain could result in transfer of low numbers of Listeria to raw meat on a work surface. C1 [Berrang, M. E.; Meinersmann, R. J.] USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Frank, J. F.] Univ Georgia, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Berrang, ME (reprint author), USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM mark.berrang@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 7 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 1056-6171 J9 J APPL POULTRY RES JI J. Appl. Poult. Res. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 22 IS 1 BP 132 EP 136 DI 10.3382/japr.2012-00676 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 152ED UT WOS:000319512600016 ER PT J AU Yang, XQ Pan, H Zeng, T Shupe, TF Hse, CY AF Yang, Xiao-Qin Pan, Hui Zeng, Tao Shupe, Todd F. Hse, Chung-Yun TI Extraction and Characterization of Seed Oil from Naturally Grown Chinese Tallow Trees SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Fatty acid compositions; Lipid yield; Oilseed crop; Soxhlet extraction; Stillingia oil; Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction ID STILLINGIA OIL AB Seeds were collected from locally and naturally grown Chinese tallow trees (CTT) and characterized for general physical and chemical properties and fatty acid composition of the lipids. The effects of four different solvents (petroleum ether, hexane, diethyl ether, and 95 % ethanol) and two extraction methods (supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) and conventional Soxhlet) on the properties of the CTT seed oil, including Chinese vegetable tallow (CVT) and stillingia oil (SO), were also investigated. In general, the yields of CVT and SO did not vary based on solvent for Soxhlet extraction and solvent-free SC-CO2 extraction, except that the yield of CVT from SC-CO2 extraction was substantially lower. Nevertheless, the CTT seed oil, extracted by SC-CO2 displayed better quality than those extracted by Soxhlet extraction in terms of color, residual precipitation, and acid value of the oils. The pretreatment of CTT seed by 3 % aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution likely promoted the hydrolysis of triglyceride and caused the high acid value in the CVT samples. The iodine value at around 180 indicated that the SO is a highly unsaturated drying oil. Palmitic (76 %) and oleic (23 %) are two dominant fatty acids in CVT while linolenic (43 %), linoleic (31 %), and oleic (13 %) are the dominant fatty acids in SO. C1 [Yang, Xiao-Qin; Zeng, Tao] Nanjing Forestry Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Jiangsu Key Lab Biomass Based Green Fuels & Chem, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Yang, Xiao-Qin; Pan, Hui] Louisiana State Univ, Calhoun Res Stn, Ctr Agr, Calhoun, LA 71225 USA. [Shupe, Todd F.] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Ctr Agr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Hse, Chung-Yun] US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, USDA, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. RP Pan, H (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Calhoun Res Stn, Ctr Agr, Calhoun, LA 71225 USA. EM Hpan@agcenter.lsu.edu FU Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD) FX The authors would like to thank the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD) for providing the necessary financial support. NR 29 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 21 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0003-021X J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 90 IS 3 BP 459 EP 466 DI 10.1007/s11746-012-2178-8 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 164TR UT WOS:000320433100016 ER PT J AU Cushman, RA AF Cushman, R. A. TI PHYSIOLOGY AND ENDOCRINOLOGY SYMPOSIUM: The current status of heat shock in early embryonic survival and reproductive efficiency SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Cushman, RA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, POB 166, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM Bob.Cushman@ars.usda.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 91 IS 3 BP 1141 EP 1142 DI 10.2527/jas.2013-6231 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 154QR UT WOS:000319691500011 PM 23547024 ER PT J AU Jinks, EM Smith, MF Atkins, JA Pohler, KG Perry, GA MacNeil, MD Roberts, AJ Waterman, RC Alexander, LJ Geary, TW AF Jinks, E. M. Smith, M. F. Atkins, J. A. Pohler, K. G. Perry, G. A. MacNeil, M. D. Roberts, A. J. Waterman, R. C. Alexander, L. J. Geary, T. W. TI Preovulatory estradiol and the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy in suckled beef cows SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE beef cattle; embryo transfer; estradiol; estradiol cypionate; follicle diameter; pregnancy ID GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING-HORMONE; IN-VITRO MATURATION; ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR; FOLLICULAR PHASE; BOVINE OOCYTES; PROGESTERONE-RECEPTORS; LUTEINIZING-HORMONE; GRANULOSA-CELLS; STANDING ESTRUS; OVULATION RATE AB In postpartum beef cows, GnRH-induced ovulation of small dominant follicles decreased pregnancy rates and increased late embryonic/fetal mortality. In Exp. 1, single ovulation reciprocal embryo transfer (ET) was used to examine the relationship between preovulatory serum concentrations of estradiol at GnRH-induced ovulation in donor and recipient cows and establishment and maintenance of pregnancy. Suckled beef cows (n = 1,164) were administered GnRH (GnRH1, 100 mu g) on d -9 (GnRH1), PGF(2 alpha) on d -2, and GnRH2 (GnRH2, 100 mu g) on d 0 (CO-Synch protocol) either with (donors; n = 810) or without (recipients; n = 354) AI. Single embryos (n = 394) or oocytes (n = 45) were recovered from the donor cows (d 7; ET) and all live embryos were transferred into recipients. Serum concentration of estradiol at GnRH2 was positively correlated with follicle size at GnRH2 (r = 0.45, P < 0.01) and progesterone at ET (r = 0.34, P < 0.01). Donor cows with greater estradiol at GnRH2 were more likely to yield an embryo than an unfertilized oocyte (P < 0.01). Donor and recipient cows were retrospectively divided into 4 groups [low estradiol (<8.4 pg/mL) or high estradiol (>= 8.4 pg/mL)] based on serum concentration of estradiol at GnRH2. Pregnancy rate at d 27 for low-low (n = 78), low-high (n = 80), high-low (n = 91), and high-high (n = 101) groups (donor-recipient, respectively) was 45, 65, 43, and 61% respectively (P < 0.02). Because recipient cows with greater estradiol concentration at GnRH2 had greater pregnancy rates in Exp. 1, the objective of Exp. 2 was to evaluate the effect of estradiol supplementation on pregnancy rate. Ovulation was synchronized in suckled beef cows (n = 600) using the CO-Synch protocol with the insertion of a controlled internal drug release (CIDR; intravaginal progesterone supplement) from d -9 until d -2. Approximately one-half of the cows (n = 297) received an injection of estradiol cypionate (ECP; 0.5 mg intramuscularly) 24 h before AI. Compared with the no treatment (Control) cows, ECP treatment increased (P < 0.01) pregnancy rates of cows induced to ovulate smaller dominant follicles (<12.2 mm). In conclusion, GnRH-induced ovulation of small dominant follicles was associated with reduced serum estradiol, fertilization rate (donor cows), and pregnancy establishment (recipient cows). Furthermore, ECP supplementation during the preovulatory period increased pregnancy rates in cows induced to ovulate smaller dominant follicles. (C) 2013 American Society of Animal Science. All rights reserved. C1 [Jinks, E. M.; Smith, M. F.; Atkins, J. A.; Pohler, K. G.] Univ Missouri, Div Anim Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Perry, G. A.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [MacNeil, M. D.; Roberts, A. J.; Waterman, R. C.; Alexander, L. J.; Geary, T. W.] USDA ARS, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. RP Geary, TW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. EM Tom.Geary@ars.usda.gov FU National Research Initiative Competitive Grant from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2006-35203-17284]; Pfizer; TEVA Animal Health FX This project was supported by National Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2006-35203-17284 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture and support from Pfizer and TEVA Animal Health. Mention of a proprietary product does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by USDA, Montana AES, or the authors and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that may also be suitable. USDA, ARS, Northern Plains Area, is an equal opportunity/ affirmative action employer. All agency services are available without discrimination. NR 48 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 91 IS 3 BP 1176 EP 1185 DI 10.2527/jas.2012-5611 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 154QR UT WOS:000319691500015 PM 23296810 ER PT J AU Endecott, RL Funston, RN Mulliniks, JT Roberts, AJ AF Endecott, R. L. Funston, R. N. Mulliniks, J. T. Roberts, A. J. TI JOINT ALPHARMA-BEEF SPECIES SYMPOSIUM: Implications of beef heifer development systems and lifetime productivity SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT JOINT ALPHARMA-BEEF SPECIES SYMPOSIUM CY JUL 15-19, 2012 CL Phoenix, AZ DE adaptation; beef cattle; cow longevity; feed inputs; replacement heifers ID REPRODUCTIVE-PERFORMANCE; PUBERTY; WEIGHT; AGE; SURVIVAL; GROWTH; BREEDS; RANGE; FEED; DATE AB Research emphasis has been placed on heifer development strategies in recent years, comparing traditional, more intensive systems to more extensive systems using less feed and relying on compensatory gain to reach a target BW. Recent research has indicated that developing heifers to a lighter target BW at breeding (i.e., 50 to 57% of mature BW compared with 60 to 65% BW) reduced development costs and did not impair reproductive performance. Research published through the late 1980s demonstrated greater negative effects of limited postweaning growth on age at puberty and pregnancy rates whereas more recent studies demonstrate less of a negative impact of delayed puberty on pregnancy rate. A limitation of most research concerning influences of nutrition on heifer development and cow reproductive performance is little or limited consideration of long-term implications. Longevity has relatively low heritability; therefore, heifer development and other management strategies have a greater potential to impact cow retention. Establishing the impact of heifer development protocols on longevity is complex, requiring consideration of nutritional factors after the start of breeding and through subsequent calvings. Lower-input heifer development, where all heifers are managed together after the postweaning period, did not impair rebreeding, but continued subsequent restriction in the form of marginal winter supplementation resulted in decreased retention in the breeding herd. Therefore, the compensatory BW gain period for restricted-growth heifers may be important to longevity and lifetime productivity. Adequate growth and development to ensure minimal calving difficulty can be of critical importance for longevity; however, providing additional supplemental feed during postweaning development to accomplish this may be less efficient than later in development. Restricting gain during postweaning development by limiting DMI or developing heifers on dormant winter forage resulted in increased economic advantages compared with developing heifers at greater rates of ADG to achieve a greater target BW. Implications of heifer development system on cow longevity must be considered when evaluating economics of a heifer enterprise; however, studies evaluating the effects of heifer development systems on cow longevity are extremely limited. C1 [Endecott, R. L.] Montana State Univ, Dept Anim & Range Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Funston, R. N.] Univ Nebraska, West Cent Res & Extens Ctr, North Platte, NE 69101 USA. [Mulliniks, J. T.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Anim & Range Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Roberts, A. J.] USDA ARS, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. RP Endecott, RL (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Dept Anim & Range Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. EM rachel.endecott@montana.edu FU Alpharma Animal Health (Bridgewater, NJ); Pfizer Animal Health (New York, NY); Journal of Animal Science; American Society of Animal Science FX Based on presentations at the joint Alpharma Beef Cattle Nutrition and Beef Species Symposium titled "Redefining the replacement heifer paradigm" at the Joint Annual Meeting, July 15-19, 2012, Phoenix, AZ, with publication sponsored by Alpharma Animal Health (Bridgewater, NJ), Pfizer Animal Health (New York, NY), the Journal of Animal Science, and the American Society of Animal Science. NR 31 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 18 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 91 IS 3 BP 1329 EP 1335 DI 10.2527/jas.2012-5704 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 154QR UT WOS:000319691500031 PM 23097405 ER PT J AU Richeson, JT Kegley, EB Powell, JG Schaut, RG Sacco, RE Ridpath, JF AF Richeson, J. T. Kegley, E. B. Powell, J. G. Schaut, R. G. Sacco, R. E. Ridpath, J. F. TI Weaning management of newly received beef calves with or without continuous exposure to a persistently infected bovine viral diarrhea virus pen mate: Effects on rectal temperature and serum proinflammatory cytokine and haptoglobin concentrations SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT JOINT ALPHARMA-BEEF SPECIES SYMPOSIUM CY JUL 15-19, 2012 CL Phoenix, AZ DE bovine viral diarrhea virus; cytokine; haptoglobin; immunomodulation ID ACUTE-PHASE PROTEINS; RESPIRATORY-TRACT DISEASE; INTERFERON-GAMMA PRODUCTION; SHORT-TERM EXPOSURE; FEEDLOT CATTLE; FEEDER CALVES; PERFORMANCE; HEALTH; RESPONSES; STRESS AB Exposure to animals persistently infected (PI) with bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) results in immunomodulation in cohorts. It is hypothesized that the extent of modulation differs for low-risk, preconditioned (PC) vs. high-risk, auction market (AM) beef cattle. Our objective was to compare immune responses of PC or AM calves in the presence (PI) or absence (CON) of a PI-BVDV pen mate. Crossbred PC steers (n = 27) from a single ranch origin were weaned, dewormed, vaccinated against respiratory and clostridial pathogens, tested for PI-BVDV, and kept on the ranch for 61 d. Subsequently, PC steers were transported to a receiving unit (RU), weighed, stratified by d -1 BW, and assigned randomly to treatment (PCPI or PCCON) with no additional processing. Simultaneously, crossbred AM calves (n = 27) were assembled from regional auction markets and transported to the RU. The AM calves were weighed, stratified by gender and d -1 BW, processed under the same regimen used for PC steers at their origin ranch, except bull calves were castrated, then assigned randomly to treatment (AMPI or AMCON). Treatment pens were arranged spatially so that PI did not have fence line contact with CON. Blood samples were collected on d 0, 1, 3, 7, and 14 to determine serum concentrations of haptoglobin (Hp), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), IL-4, and IL-6. Rectal temperature (RT) was recorded concurrent with blood sampling. In AM calves, RT and Hp increased (management effect; P < 0.001) sharply on d 1; however, exposure to a PI-BVDV pen mate did not affect either variable (P >= 0.79) during the 14-d evaluation period. Serum concentrations of TNF-alpha tended to increase (P = 0.09) for the PI cohort. A treatment x day interaction (P <= 0.05) was observed for IFN-gamma on d 7 and 14 and IL-6 on d 14; these indices were greatest for AMPI. Results indicate weaning management and PI-BVDV exposure alter the immune status of newly received beef cattle. These main effects may be additive because proinflammatory cytokine concentrations were greatest for AMPI. Therefore, results further indicate that potential health or growth consequences in cohorts exposed to a PI-BVDV pen mate are impacted by previous management and health history. C1 [Richeson, J. T.; Kegley, E. B.; Powell, J. G.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Anim Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Schaut, R. G.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Preventat Med, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Sacco, R. E.; Ridpath, J. F.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Kegley, EB (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Anim Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM ekegley@uark.edu OI Schaut, Robert G./0000-0003-2713-9013 NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 91 IS 3 BP 1400 EP 1408 DI 10.2527/jas.2011-4875 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 154QR UT WOS:000319691500039 PM 23345551 ER PT J AU Mulliniks, JT Hawkins, DE Kane, KK Cox, SH Torell, LA Scholljegerdes, EJ Petersen, MK AF Mulliniks, J. T. Hawkins, D. E. Kane, K. K. Cox, S. H. Torell, L. A. Scholljegerdes, E. J. Petersen, M. K. TI Metabolizable protein supply while grazing dormant winter forage during heifer development alters pregnancy and subsequent in-herd retention rate SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT JOINT ALPHARMA-BEEF SPECIES SYMPOSIUM CY JUL 15-19, 2012 CL Phoenix, AZ DE beef heifers; heifer development; longevity; pregnancy ID REPLACEMENT BEEF HEIFERS; MILK-PRODUCTION; PERFORMANCE; PUBERTY; WEIGHT; COWS; GAIN; DATE; AGE AB Two studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of postweaning management of British crossbred heifers on growth and reproduction. In Exp. 1, 239 spring-born, crossbred heifers were stratified by weaning BW (234 +/- 1 kg) and allotted randomly to 1 of 2 treatments. Treatments were fed at a rate equivalent to 1.14 kg/d while grazing dormant forage (6.5% CP and 80% NDF, DM basis) and were 1) 36% CP containing 36% RUP (36RUP) or 2) 36% CP containing 50% RUP (50RUP). Supplementation was initiated in February (1995 and 1996) or November (1997 and 1998) and terminated at the onset of breeding season (mid May). Heifers were weighed monthly up to breeding and again at time of palpation. After timed AI, heifers were exposed to breeding bulls for 42 +/- 8 d. In Exp. 2, 191 spring-born, crossbred heifers were stratified by weaning BW to treatments. Heifer development treatments were 1) pasture developed and fed 0.9 kg/day of a 36% CP supplement containing 36% RUP (36RUP), 2) pasture developed and fed 0.9 kg/day of a 36% CP supplement containing 50% RUP (50RUP), and 3) corn silage-based growing diet in a drylot (DRYLOT). Heifers receiving 36RUP and 50RUP treatments were developed on dormant forage. Treatments started in February and ended at the onset of a 45-d breeding season in May. Heifer BW and hip height were taken monthly from initiation of supplementation until breeding and at pregnancy diagnosis. In Exp. 1, BW was not different (P >= 0.27) for among treatments at all measurement times. However, 50RUP heifers had greater (P = 0.02; 80 and 67%) pregnancy rates than 36RUP heifers. In Exp. 2, DRYLOT heifers had greater (P < 0.01) BW at breeding than 36RUP or 50RUP developed heifers. However, BW at pregnancy diagnosis was not different (P = 0.24) for between treatments. Pregnancy rates tended to be greater (P = 0.10) for 50RUP heifers than 36RUP and DRYLOT. Net return per heifer was US$99.71 and $87.18 greater for 50RUP and 36RUP heifers, respectively, compared with DRYLOT heifers due to differences in pregnancy and development costs. Retention rate after breeding yr 3 and 4 was greatest (P = 0.01) for 50RUP heifers. Thus, increasing the supply of MP by increasing the proportion of RUP in supplements fed to heifers on dormant forage before breeding increased pregnancy rates, cow herd retention, and net return compared with heifers fed in drylot. C1 [Mulliniks, J. T.; Hawkins, D. E.; Kane, K. K.; Cox, S. H.; Scholljegerdes, E. J.; Petersen, M. K.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Anim & Range Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Torell, L. A.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Agr Econ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Petersen, MK (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ft Keogh LARRL, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. EM mark.petersen@ars.usda.gov NR 34 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 91 IS 3 BP 1409 EP 1416 DI 10.2527/jas.2012-5394 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 154QR UT WOS:000319691500040 PM 23296826 ER PT J AU Bowker, BC AF Bowker, B. C. TI MEAT SCIENCE AND MUSCLE BIOLOGY SYMPOSIUM: In utero factors that influence postnatal muscle growth, carcass composition, and meat quality SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USDA ARS, Qual & Safety Assessment Res Unit, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Bowker, BC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Qual & Safety Assessment Res Unit, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM brian.bowker@ars.usda.gov NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 91 IS 3 BP 1417 EP 1418 DI 10.2527/jas2013-6289 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 154QR UT WOS:000319691500041 PM 23449859 ER PT J AU Duckett, SK Neel, JPS Lewis, RM Fontenot, JP Clapham, WM AF Duckett, S. K. Neel, J. P. S. Lewis, R. M. Fontenot, J. P. Clapham, W. M. TI Effects of forage species or concentrate finishing on animal performance, carcass and meat quality SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE beef; fatty acids; forage; proximate ID FATTY-ACID-COMPOSITION; SUBCUTANEOUS ADIPOSE-TISSUE; STOCKER GROWTH-RATE; BEEF-PRODUCTION SYSTEMS; ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL; NUTRIENT COMPOSITION; FEEDING SYSTEMS; URUGUAYAN BEEF; RETAIL PRODUCT; BETA-CAROTENE AB Angus-cross steers (n = 128; initial BW = 270 +/- 3.8 kg) were used in a 3-yr study to assess effects of forage species grazed before slaughter versus concentrate finishing on carcass and meat quality. At the completion of the stockering phase, steers were randomly allotted to mixed pasture (MP; n = 36/yr) or corn-silage concentrate (CON; n = 12/yr) finishing treatments. At 40 d before harvest, MP steers were randomly divided into 3 forage species treatments: alfalfa (AL), pearl millet (PM), or mixed pasture (MP). Average daily BW gain was greater (P = 0.001) for CON than for forage-finished (FOR) steers during the early and overall finishing phase. During the late finishing phase when FOR steers were grazing difference forage species, ADG was greater (P = 0.03) for PM than MP or AL. Harvest weight and HCW were greater (P < 0.001) for CON than FOR due to the differences in animal performance. Total fat percentage of the 9th to 11th rib section was 46% less(P = 0.028) for FOR than CON due to reductions (P < 0.001) in the percentage of subcutaneous fat. Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBS) values at 14 d and 28 d of aging did not differ (P > 0.78) between CON and FOR and were not altered (P > 0.40) by forage species. Trained sensory panel juiciness, initial tenderness, and overall tenderness scores did not differ (P > 0.17) by finishing treatment or forage species. Beef flavor intensity was greater (P < 0.001) for CON than FOR. Beef flavor intensity was greater (P < 0.02) for AL and PM than MP. Off-flavor intensity was greater (P < 0.001) for all forage-fed steaks, regardless of forage species, than CON. Finishing on forages reduced (P = 0.003) total lipid content by 61% for the LM compared with CON finished cattle. Forage species grazed before harvest did not alter (P > 0.05) total lipid content of the LM. Oleic acid concentration and total MUFA of the LM were 21% and 22% less (P = 0.001) for FOR than CON. Concentrations of all individual [ linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic (EPA), docosapentaenoic (DPA), and docosadexaenoic (DHA) acids] and total n-3 fatty acids were greater (P < 0.001) for FOR than CON. Finishing on AL increased (P = 0.017) the concentration of linolenic acid compared with MP or PM. The ratio of n-6 to n-3 fatty acids was greater (P = 0.001) for CON than FOR and did not differ (P = 0.88) by forage species. Concentrate finishing increases carcass weight with same time endpoints and accelerates deposition of MUFA in comparison with FOR, which reduces carcass weight and fat deposition but maintains high concentrations of n-3 and CLA fatty acids. Finishing system or forage species grazed 40 d before slaughter did not alter beef tenderness but FOR had greater off-flavors according to both trained and descriptive sensory panelists. C1 [Duckett, S. K.] Clemson Univ, Dept Anim & Vet Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Neel, J. P. S.; Clapham, W. M.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Farming Syst Res Ctr, Beaver, WV 25813 USA. [Lewis, R. M.; Fontenot, J. P.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Anim & Poultry Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Duckett, SK (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Anim & Vet Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM sducket@clemson.edu FU "Pasture-Based Beef Systems for Appalachia" research project [1932-21630-003-06] FX Results from "Pasture-Based Beef Systems for Appalachia" research project 1932-21630-003-06. NR 54 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 5 U2 46 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 91 IS 3 BP 1454 EP 1467 DI 10.2527/jas2012-5914 PG 14 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 154QR UT WOS:000319691500045 PM 23345568 ER PT J AU Huff, GR Huff, WE Wesley, IV Anthony, NB Satterlee, DG AF Huff, G. R. Huff, W. E. Wesley, I. V. Anthony, N. B. Satterlee, D. G. TI Response of restraint stress-selected lines of Japanese quail to heat stress and Escherichia coli challenge SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Japanese quail; genetics; heat stress; corticosterone; Escherichia coli ID CONTRASTING ADRENOCORTICAL RESPONSIVENESS; INCREASED BODY-WEIGHT; BLOOD CORTICOSTERONE RESPONSE; GENETIC-CHARACTERIZATION; DIALLEL CROSSES; TURKEYS; CHICKENS; BEHAVIOR; IMMOBILIZATION; TESTOSTERONE AB Japanese quail selected for divergent corticosterone response to restraint stress were evaluated for their susceptibility to heat stress and challenge with Escherichia coli. These quail lines are designated as high stress (HS), low stress (LS), and the random-bred control (CS) lines. Heat stress (35 degrees C, 8 h/d) began at 24 d until the end of the study at 39 d. Birds were challenged with an aerosol spray containing 2 x 10(9) cfu of E. coli at 25 and 32 d. At 38 d, the surviving birds were necropsied and the intestinal tract was screened for both Salmonella and Campylobacter. Body weights of the CS birds were higher than both HS and LS at 17, 25, and 32 d. At 32 d, there was no difference in mortality between males and females and the CS line had higher mortality compared with the LS line with the HS line being intermediate. At 38 d, females of the CS line that were both heat stressed and challenged had a mortality incidence of 25%, which was significantly higher than male birds of the same line and treatment (5.3%). There was an increased incidence in Salmonella enterica serotype Agona isolation after heat stress, with the LS birds having less isolation than the HS birds. Mean corticosterone levels of male birds were not significantly affected by line, heat stress, or E. coli challenge; however, the LS line subjected to heat stress had one-third the level of the HS line, a difference identical to that seen in the original selection for response to restraint stress. C1 [Huff, G. R.; Huff, W. E.] Univ Arkansas, USDA, ARS, Poultry Sci Ctr, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Wesley, I. V.] ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Anthony, N. B.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Poultry Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Satterlee, D. G.] Louisiana State Univ, Louisiana Agr Expt Stn, Appl Anim Biotechnol Labs, Sch Anim Sci,Agr Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Huff, GR (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, USDA, ARS, Poultry Sci Ctr, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM grhuff@uark.edu NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 15 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 92 IS 3 BP 603 EP 611 DI 10.3382/ps.2012-02518 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 149JJ UT WOS:000319314800003 PM 23436510 ER PT J AU Huff, GR Huff, WE Jalukar, S Oppy, J Rath, NC Packialakshmi, B AF Huff, G. R. Huff, W. E. Jalukar, S. Oppy, J. Rath, N. C. Packialakshmi, B. TI The effects of yeast feed supplementation on turkey performance and pathogen colonization in a transport stress/Escherichia coli challenge SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE turkey; transport stress; Escherichia coli; yeast extract; feed conversion efficiency ID BIOLOGICAL RESPONSE MODIFIERS; ANTIBIOTIC GROWTH PROMOTERS; MARKET-WEIGHT TURKEYS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; BROILER-CHICKENS; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; BETA-GLUCAN; MANNAN-OLIGOSACCHARIDE; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; CAMPYLOBACTER-JEJUNI AB A commercial yeast culture feed supplement (YC; Celmanax SCP, Vi-COR, Mason City, IA) was provided to turkeys throughout a 16-wk grow-out to determine if it would prevent the effects of stress on production and pathogen colonization. The YC was provided either continuously at 100 g/t (YC-CS) or intermittently during times of stress at 200 g/t (YC-IS). Birds were stressed with an environmental challenge of Escherichia coli and by transporting them in a vehicle for 3 h after which they were penned in new social groups, without feed or water, for an additional 9 h. Turkeys were transported and challenged at 6, 12, and 16 wk of age to model the movement of birds within a 3-stage housing system. The YC-IS was provided only for the first week after hatch and for a 1-wk period encompassing each challenge. At wk 7 and 9, a decrease in BW of challenged birds was prevented by YC-IS but not YC-CS. There were no significant differences in BW due to either challenge or YC during wk 11 and 13. At wk 16, the challenge decreased BW, but there was no improvement in either of the YC treatments. Overall feed conversion ratio (FCR) was increased by transport/E. coli (P < 0.0001). The YC-CS improved FCR of challenged birds by 21 points, whereas YC-IS improved FCR by 36 points and this effect was significant (P = 0.013). The YC-CS tended to decrease both Salmonella and Campylobacter isolation from the ceca of stressed birds (P > 0.05). The YC-IS also tended to decrease Salmonella isolation (P > 0.05) with no effect on Campylobacter isolation. These data suggest that the practice of transporting turkeys decreases performance and that YC-IS may be more effective than YC-CS for alleviating the effects of this stressor on feed efficiency. C1 [Huff, G. R.; Huff, W. E.; Rath, N. C.] Univ Arkansas, USDA, ARS, Poultry Sci Ctr, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Jalukar, S.; Oppy, J.] Vi COR, Mason City, IA 50401 USA. [Packialakshmi, B.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Poultry Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Huff, GR (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, USDA, ARS, Poultry Sci Ctr, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM grhuff@uark.edu NR 51 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 25 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 92 IS 3 BP 655 EP 662 DI 10.3382/ps.2012-02787 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 149JJ UT WOS:000319314800009 PM 23436516 ER PT J AU Wils-Plotz, EL Jenkins, MC Dilger, RN AF Wils-Plotz, E. L. Jenkins, M. C. Dilger, R. N. TI Modulation of the intestinal environment, innate immune response, and barrier function by dietary threonine and purified fiber during a coccidiosis challenge in broiler chicks SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE chick; cytokine; Eimeria maxima; pectin; short-chain fatty acid ID HOST-DEFENSE; AMINO-ACIDS; IFN-GAMMA; DISEASE; GROWTH; FERMENTATION; MICROFLORA; MICROBIOTA; INFECTION; PROTEINS AB Coccidiosis is a major contributor to economic losses in the poultry industry due to its detrimental effects on growth performance and nutrient utilization. We hypothesized that the combined effects of supplemental dietary Thr and purified fiber may modulate the intestinal environment and positively affect intestinal immune responses and barrier function in broiler chicks infected with Eimeria maxima. A Thr-deficient basal diet (3.1 g of Thr/kg of diet) was supplemented with 70 g/kg of silica sand (control) or high-methoxy pectin and 1 of 2 concentrations of Thr (1.8 or 5.3 g/kg of diet; 4 diets total), and fed to chicks from hatch to d 16 posthatch. On d 10 posthatch, chicks received 0.5 mL of distilled water or an acute dose of Eimeria maxima (1.5 x 10(3) sporulated oocytes) with 6 replicate pens of 6 chicks per each of 8 treatment combinations (4 diets and 2 inoculation states). Body weight gain, feed intake, and G:F increased (P < 0.01) with addition of 5.3 g of Thr/kg of diet. Eimeria maxima schizonts were present only in intestinal tissue sampled from infected birds (P < 0.01). Weights of cecal digesta were highest (P < 0.01) in pectin-fed birds, and ceca with the heaviest weights also had the highest concentrations of total short-chain fatty acids. Expression of interleukin-12 in ileal mucosa was highest (P < 0.01) in infected birds receiving the control diet with 5.3 g of supplemental Thr/kg. In cecal tonsils, interferon-gamma expression was highest in infected birds receiving the control diet (fiber x infection, P < 0.05); interferon-gamma expression was lowest in infected birds fed the high Thr diet (Thr x infection, P < 0.05). There were no differences due to infection or Thr supplementation for cytokine expression in birds fed pectin-containing treatments. Overall, we conclude that although pectin has some protective function against coccidiosis, Thr supplementation had the greatest effect on intestinal immune response and maintenance of near normal growth in young broiler chicks infected with E. maxima. C1 [Wils-Plotz, E. L.; Dilger, R. N.] Univ Illinois, Dept Anim Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Jenkins, M. C.] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Dilger, RN (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Anim Sci, 328 Mumford Hall, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM rdilger2@illinois.edu OI Dilger, Ryan/0000-0003-2538-2845 NR 32 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 32 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 92 IS 3 BP 735 EP 745 DI 10.3382/ps.2012-02755 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 149JJ UT WOS:000319314800017 PM 23436524 ER PT J AU Jn-Baptiste, M Sistani, KR Tewolde, H AF Jn-Baptiste, Marcia Sistani, Karamat R. Tewolde, Haile TI Poultry Litter Time and Method of Application Effects on Corn Yield SO SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Fall application; spring application; incorporated; nonincorporated; poultry litter ID SUBSURFACE-DRAINED MOLLISOL; BROILER LITTER; NO-TILL; COTTON RESPONSE; SOIL TEST; NITROGEN AVAILABILITY; NUTRIENT DYNAMICS; UPLAND SOIL; SILT LOAM; MANURE AB Adopting efficient management practices for using poultry litter (PL) as an alternative to commercial fertilizer is critical for increased N use efficiency. This 3-year study investigated effects of application time (fall and spring) and method of application (soil incorporation and nonincorporation) of three PL rates and NH4NO3 (146 kg N ha(-1)) on availability of selected soil nutrients and corn (Zea mays L.) grain yield in northern Alabama. The plant-available N rates supplied by the PL were 68 kg N ha(-1) (low), 135 kg N ha(-1) (medium), and 270 kg N ha(-1) (high). Soil inorganic N, Mehlich-3-extractable P, and available K were measured before planting in April, mid-season in June or July, and postharvest in October or November. Averaged across the 3 years, grain yield from the high PL rate was similar to that of the medium PL rate when spring applied. The medium PL rate resulted in 800 kg ha(-1) greater grain yield than NH4NO3 from both spring and fall applications. Incorporation of the medium PL rate increased grain yield 590 kg ha(-1) and NH4NO3 by 480 kg ha(-1), respectively, than nonincorporation but no yield advantage of incorporating the low and high PL rates. Inorganic N, Mehlich-3-extractable P, and available K were highest from mid-season sampling and from spring than fall applications. When N sources were incorporated, the medium PL rate resulted in greater N and P uptake. Results from this study suggest that fall application of NH4NO3 and PL beyond the medium rate should not be encouraged for warm climatic conditions. C1 [Jn-Baptiste, Marcia; Sistani, Karamat R.] USDA ARS, Bowling Green, KY USA. [Tewolde, Haile] USDA ARS, Mississippi State, MS USA. RP Jn-Baptiste, M (reprint author), POB 50874, Bowling Green, KY 42102 USA. EM marcia.jeanbaptiste@gmail.com NR 41 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 39 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-075X J9 SOIL SCI JI Soil Sci. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 178 IS 3 BP 109 EP 119 DI 10.1097/SS.0b013e31828f5fa0 PG 11 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 152VX UT WOS:000319560600002 ER PT J AU Bock, CH Graham, JH Cook, AZ Parker, PE Gottwald, TR AF Bock, C. H. Graham, J. H. Cook, A. Z. Parker, P. E. Gottwald, T. R. TI PREDISPOSITION OF CITRUS FOLIAGE TO INFECTION WITH XANTHOMONAS CITRI subsp CITRI SO JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Epidemiology; citrus canker; integrated disease management; disease spread ID AXONOPODIS PV.-CITRI; TAHITI LIME; CANKER; FLORIDA; DISPERSAL; SEVERITY; WIND; WINDBREAKS; CAMPESTRIS; INOCULUM AB Citrus canker, caused by Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (Xcc), is a serious disease of susceptible citrus in Florida and other citrus-growing areas of the world. The effect of leaf preconditioning as a route for entry of the bacteria is poorly characterized. A series of experiments were designed to investigate the effects of wind and rain (to simulate a storm), high humidity (>90%) and mild abrasion with sand (to simulate wind-blown sand and debris) in predisposing citrus foliage to infection with Xcc. Exposure of leaves of Swingle citrumelo seedlings to wind and rain [16 m sec(-1) (58 km h(-1), 36 mph) and 235 mm h(-1) (9.25 ins h(-1)), respectively] for 15 or 30 min caused significant injury and disease incidence was twice as high and severity was ten times greater than on leaves on seedlings of unexposed control plants. The points of attachment of the lamina to the petioles were particularly susceptible to wind-induced injury with up to 25% showing symptoms compared to 0% for the unexposed control. Over 80% of injured leaves had lesions associated with the site of injury. There was little or no effect of humidity >90% for 1.5 or 2.5 h on disease incidence or severity compared to the unexposed control. Mild leaf abrasion of grapefruit seedlings with sand increased incidence and severity of disease two-fold. Ways to reduce leaf injury by minimizing wind speed in orchards may contribute to reducing canker incidence and severity. C1 [Bock, C. H.] ARS, USDA, SEFTNRL, Byron, GA 31008 USA. [Graham, J. H.] Univ Florida, CREC, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. [Cook, A. Z.; Parker, P. E.] USDA, APHIS, PPQ, Moore Air Base, Edinburg, TX 78539 USA. [Gottwald, T. R.] ARS, USDA, USHRL, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Bock, CH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, SEFTNRL, 21 Dunbar Rd, Byron, GA 31008 USA. EM clive.bock@ars.usda.gov RI Graham, James/B-7049-2008 NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU EDIZIONI ETS PI PISA PA PIAZZA CARRARA 16-19, 56126 PISA, ITALY SN 1125-4653 J9 J PLANT PATHOL JI J. Plant Pathol. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 95 IS 1 BP 99 EP 106 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 138YR UT WOS:000318548500011 ER PT J AU Neary, JM Gould, DH Garry, FB Knight, AP Dargatz, DA Holt, TN AF Neary, Joseph M. Gould, Daniel H. Garry, Franklyn B. Knight, Anthony P. Dargatz, David A. Holt, Timothy N. TI An investigation into beef calf mortality on five high-altitude ranches that selected sires with low pulmonary arterial pressures for over 20 years SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Altitude; brisket disease; hypertension; pneumonia; pulmonary artery pressure ID HIGH MOUNTAIN DISEASE; BRISKET-DISEASE; HYPERTENSION; CATTLE; HEMODYNAMICS; MECHANISMS; PHYSIOLOGY; CALVES AB Producer reports from ranches over 2,438 meters in southwest Colorado suggest that the mortality of preweaned beef calves may be substantially higher than the national average despite the selection of low pulmonary pressure herd sires for over 20 years. Diagnostic investigations of this death loss problem have been limited due to the extensive mountainous terrain over which these calves are grazed with their dams. The objective of the current study was to determine the causes of calf mortality on 5 high-altitude ranches in Colorado that have been selectively breeding sires with low pulmonary pressure (<45 mmHg) for over 20 years. Calves were followed from branding (6 weeks of age) in the spring to weaning in the fall (7 months of age). Clinical signs were recorded, and blood samples were taken from sick calves. Postmortem examinations were performed, and select tissue samples were submitted for aerobic culture and/or histopathology. On the principal study ranch, 9.6% (59/612) of the calves that were branded in the spring either died or were presumed dead by weaning in the fall. In total, 28 necropsies were performed: 14 calves (50%) had lesions consistent with pulmonary hypertension and right-sided heart failure, and 14 calves (50%) died from bronchopneumonia. Remodeling of the pulmonary arterial system, indicative of pulmonary hypertension, was evident in the former and to varying degrees in the latter. There is a need to better characterize the additional risk factors that complicate pulmonary arterial pressure testing of herd sires as a strategy to control pulmonary hypertension. C1 [Neary, Joseph M.; Garry, Franklyn B.; Knight, Anthony P.; Holt, Timothy N.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Clin Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Gould, Daniel H.] Colorado State Univ, Vet Diagnost Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Dargatz, David A.] USDA, Ctrs Epidemiol & Anim Hlth, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Vet Serv, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Neary, JM (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Clin Sci, 1678 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM Joe.Neary@colostate.edu FU CSU College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences College Research Council and Integrated Livestock Management FX Funding for this research came from CSU College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences College Research Council and Integrated Livestock Management producer donations. NR 31 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 13 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1040-6387 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 25 IS 2 BP 210 EP 218 DI 10.1177/1040638713478608 PG 9 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 148CM UT WOS:000319220300005 PM 23512918 ER PT J AU Dyer, N Register, KB Miskimins, D Newell, T AF Dyer, Neil Register, Karen B. Miskimins, Dale Newell, Teresa TI Necrotic pharyngitis associated with Mycoplasma bovis infections in American bison (Bison bison) SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Bison; Mycoplasma bovis; pharyngitis ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; OUTBREAK; FEEDLOT; LESIONS; CALVES AB Mycoplasma bovis has emerged as a significant and costly infectious disease problem in bison, generally presenting as severe, caseonecrotic pneumonia. Three diagnostic cases in which M. bovis is associated with necrotic pharyngitis in bison are described in the current study. The bacterium was isolated from lesions of the pharynx or lung of 3 American bison (Bison bison), at 2 different locations in the upper Midwestern United States, with severe, necrotic pharyngeal abscesses. Chronic caseonecrotic inflammation typical of M. bovis infection in bovines was observed microscopically in the pharynxes of affected bison. A mixed population of bacteria was recovered from the pharyngeal lesions, and Trueperella pyogenes, a frequent secondary pathogen in ruminant respiratory disease, was consistently isolated from the affected animals. Distinctive histopathological features of the pharyngeal lesions favor causation by M. bovis, although a role for T. pyogenes in the clinical presentation cannot be excluded. Veterinarians and producers working with bison should be aware that M. bovis may be associated with pharyngitis in bison. C1 [Dyer, Neil; Newell, Teresa] N Dakota State Univ, Vet Diagnost Lab, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Register, Karen B.] ARS, Ruminant Dis & Immunol Res Unit, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA USA. [Miskimins, Dale] S Dakota State Univ, Vet & Biomed Sci Dept, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. RP Dyer, N (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, 161 Van Es Hall,POB 6050 Dept 7690, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. EM neil.dyer@ndsu.edu NR 10 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 10 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1040-6387 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 25 IS 2 BP 301 EP 303 DI 10.1177/1040638713478815 PG 3 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 148CM UT WOS:000319220300022 PM 23512925 ER PT J AU Chanie, T Collick, AS Adgo, E Lehmann, CJ Steenhuis, TS AF Chanie, Tilashwork Collick, Amy S. Adgo, Enyew Lehmann, C. Johannes Steenhuis, Tammo S. TI Eco-hydrological impacts of Eucalyptus in the semi humid Ethiopian Highlands: the Lake Tana Plain SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY AND HYDROMECHANICS LA English DT Article DE Eucalyptus; Soil water repellency; Croton machrostachyus; Koga watershed ID SOIL; PLANTATIONS; MANAGEMENT; RESPONSES; BIOMASS; MATTER; FOREST AB Eucalyptus is the tree of choice for wood production by farmers in Ethiopia. Although there are many claims about its harmful effect on ecology and water availability, little actual research exists. The main objective of this study was, therefore, to study the extent of harm of Eucalyptus on the ecosystem. This study was conducted at the Koga Watershed near Lake Tana in Ethiopia. Twenty-five farmers were interviewed and a field experiment with three replications was carried out to quantify the effect of Eucalyptus on various soil physical and chemical properties and maize crop measurements and to compare bulk density, soil moisture contents, maize crop counts and shading effects in fields bordered by Eucalyptus and Croton macrostachyus. Our results show that Eucalyptus decreased both soil nutrients and maize yields within 20 m of the trees. Although moisture content was not affected during the monsoon, it decreased faster within 30 m of the Eucalyptus trees than elsewhere. Soils become water repellent, too. Local farmers' perception agreed with our experimental findings and indicated that Eucalyptus trees are exhausting the once productive land. They also reported that Eucalyptus dries up springs. Despite this, the growers insist on planting Eucalyptus because of its cash income. C1 [Chanie, Tilashwork] Cornell Univ Bahir Dar, Cornell Univ Masters Program Integrated Watershed, Ithaca, NY USA. [Collick, Amy S.] USDA, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, ARS, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Adgo, Enyew] Univ Bahir Dar, Fac Agr, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. [Lehmann, C. Johannes] Cornell Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Steenhuis, Tammo S.] Cornell Univ, Dept Biol & Environm Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Steenhuis, Tammo S.] Bahir Dar Univ, Inst Technol, Dept Civil & Water Resources Engn, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. RP Collick, AS (reprint author), USDA, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, ARS, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM Amy.Collick@ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 17 PU VEDA, SLOVAK ACAD SCIENCES PI BRATISLAVA PA DUBRAVSKA CESTA 9, 842 34 BRATISLAVA, SLOVAKIA SN 0042-790X J9 J HYDROL HYDROMECH JI J. Hydrol. Hydromech. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 61 IS 1 BP 21 EP U107 DI 10.2478/johh-2013-0004 PG 11 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 143PY UT WOS:000318880900004 ER PT J AU Mockrin, MH Stewart, SI Radeloff, VC Hammer, RB Johnson, KM AF Mockrin, Miranda H. Stewart, Susan I. Radeloff, Volker C. Hammer, Roger B. Johnson, Kenneth M. TI Spatial and temporal residential density patterns from 1940 to 2000 in and around the Northern Forest of the Northeastern United States SO POPULATION AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Housing density; Housing growth; Sprawl; Amenity growth; Cluster analysis; Northern Forest ID WILDLAND-URBAN INTERFACE; PAST LAND-USE; NEW-ENGLAND; POPULATION REDISTRIBUTION; HOUSING DEVELOPMENTS; CONSERVATION VALUE; SPECIES RICHNESS; USA; BIODIVERSITY; ECOSYSTEM AB Over the past 60 years, housing growth has outpaced population growth in the United States. Conservationists are concerned about the far-reaching environmental impacts of housing development, particularly in rural areas. We use clustering analysis to examine the pattern and distribution of housing development since 1940 in and around the Northern Forest, a heavily forested region with high amenity and recreation use in the Northeastern United States. We find that both proximity to urban areas and an abundance of natural amenities are associated with housing growth at the neighborhood level in this region. In the 1970s, counterurbanization led to higher rates of growth across rural areas. The Northern Forest now has extensive interface between forest vegetation and residential development, which has the potential to profoundly alter the ecological and social benefits of these forests. C1 [Mockrin, Miranda H.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Stewart, Susan I.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. [Radeloff, Volker C.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest Ecol & Management, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Hammer, Roger B.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Sociol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Johnson, Kenneth M.] Univ New Hampshire, Carsey Inst, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Johnson, Kenneth M.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Sociol, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Mockrin, MH (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM mhmockrin@fs.fed.us RI Radeloff, Volker/B-6124-2016 OI Radeloff, Volker/0000-0001-9004-221X NR 72 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 21 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0199-0039 J9 POPUL ENVIRON JI Popul. Env. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 34 IS 3 BP 400 EP 419 DI 10.1007/s11111-012-0165-5 PG 20 WC Demography; Environmental Studies SC Demography; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 142KL UT WOS:000318796000005 ER PT J AU Murray, TA Kohler, GR Willhite, EA AF Murray, Todd A. Kohler, Glenn R. Willhite, Elizabeth A. TI IPS PARACONFUSUS LANIER (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE): NEW RECORDS OF THE CALIFORNIA FIVESPINED IPS FROM WASHINGTON STATE AND THE COLUMBIA RIVER GORGE IN OREGON SO COLEOPTERISTS BULLETIN LA English DT Editorial Material ID SCOLYTIDAE C1 [Murray, Todd A.] Washington State Univ Extens, Stevenson, WA 98648 USA. [Kohler, Glenn R.] Washington State Dept Nat Resources, Olympia, WA 98504 USA. [Willhite, Elizabeth A.] USDA, Westside Forest Insect & Dis Serv Ctr, Forest Serv, Sandy, OR 97055 USA. RP Murray, TA (reprint author), Washington State Univ Extens, POB 790, Stevenson, WA 98648 USA. EM tmurray@wsu.edu; glenn.kohler@dnr.wa.gov; bwillhite@fs.fed.us NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU COLEOPTERISTS SOC PI ATHENS PA UNIV GEORGIA, 413 BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES BUILDING, ATHENS, GA 30602-2603 USA SN 0010-065X J9 COLEOPTS BULL JI Coleopt. Bull. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 67 IS 1 BP 28 EP 31 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 142UI UT WOS:000318822700006 ER PT J AU Anderson, OD AF Anderson, Olin D. TI The B-hordein prolamin family of barley SO GENOME LA English DT Article DE barley; hordeins; prolamin; gene family; Triticeae ID SEED STORAGE PROTEINS; GLIADIN GENES; HOR-2 LOCUS; WHEAT; GLUTEN; GRAIN; IDENTIFICATION; POLYPEPTIDES; SEQUENCES; VULGARE AB The spectrum of B-hordein prolamins and genes in the single barley cultivar Barke is described from an in silico analysis of 1452 B-hordein ESTs and available genomic DNA. Eleven unique B-hordein proteins are derived from EST contigs. Ten contigs encode apparent full-length B-hordeins and the eleventh contains a premature stop codon that will lead to a truncated B-hordein. The 11 sequences are placed within the two previously described classes, i.e., the B1- and B3-type B-hordeins. The number of ESTs assigned to each sequence is used as an estimate of relative gene transcription and expression. Three of the sequences account for 79% of the total ESTs, with one sequence comprises 32% of the total ESTs and has a variant C-terminus caused by an undefined sequence change history near the 3' coding terminus. The 70x difference in EST distribution among sequences points to the importance of understanding differential rates of expression within closely related gene families. Analysis of available genomic sequences confirms the EST assembly and reveals one full-length and two partial sequences of pseudogenes as evidenced by no matching ESTs for the sequences and premature stop codons and frame shifts. C1 ARS, Genom & Gene Discovery Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Anderson, OD (reprint author), ARS, Genom & Gene Discovery Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM olin.anderson@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 25 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0831-2796 J9 GENOME JI Genome PD MAR PY 2013 VL 56 IS 3 BP 179 EP 185 DI 10.1139/gen-2013-0016 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 142GB UT WOS:000318783900007 PM 23659702 ER PT J AU Masler, EP AF Masler, E. P. TI A comparison of the FMRFamide-like peptide proteolytic activities of preparations from two plant-parasitic nematodes (Heterodera glycines and Meloidogyne incognita): possible targets for novel control SO JOURNAL OF HELMINTHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; NEUROPEPTIDES AB Proteolytic activities in extracts from the plant-parasitic nematodes Heterodera glycines and Meloidogyne incognita were examined for their abilities to digest three FRET-modified peptide substrates representing members of the large FMRFamide-like peptide (FLP) family in nematodes. Included were sequences distributed across all nematode species (KSAYMRFa and KHEYLRFa) and a sequence confined to a narrow range of plant-parasitic nematodes (KHEFVRFa). Species variations were observed among substrate affinities, reaction rates and effect of protease inhibitors. K-m values for KHEYLRFa (1.48 +/- 0.34 mu M) and KSAYMRFa (2.13 +/- 0.24 mu M) in H. glycines were each lower (P < 0.05) than those for the same substrates in M. incognita (5.26 +/- 1.30 mu M and 3.90 +/- 0.61 mu M, respectively). The K-m of KHEFVRFa was lower (P < 0.05) in M. incognita (5.83 +/- 0.36 mu M) than in H. glycines (11.01 +/- 1.26 mu M). Reaction rates (V-max/min/mu g) for KHEYLRFa were the same for both species, but KSAYMRFa and KHEFVRFa digestion rates were each nearly twofold higher (P < 0.05) in M. incognita than in H. glycines. Digestion of KSAYMRFa was strongly inhibited in both species by 4-(2-aminoethyl)-benzenesulfonyl-fluoride-HCl (AEBSF) and EDTA, but M. incognita was more sensitive (P, 0.05) to inhibition. AEBSF and EDTA (both at 1mM) inhibited M. incognita activity 62.3% and 36.6% more, respectively, than H. glycines activity. Serine protease inhibition differed significantly (P < 0.05) between the two species. Maximum inhibition of M. incognita (76%) occurred at 1.85mM AEBSF while maximum inhibition of H. glycines was 40% at 1.19mM AEBSF. C1 ARS, Nematol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Masler, EP (reprint author), ARS, Nematol Lab, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM edward.masler@ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 0022-149X J9 J HELMINTHOL JI J. Helminthol. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 87 IS 1 BP 71 EP 77 DI 10.1017/S0022149X12000053 PG 7 WC Parasitology; Zoology SC Parasitology; Zoology GA 140AS UT WOS:000318627200011 PM 22310027 ER PT J AU Cortina, JV Theodoro, GD Walker, DR AF Cortina, Josiane Vogel Theodoro, Gustavo de Faria Walker, David Russell TI IDENTIFICATION OF FUNGI ON DISEASED SOYBEAN SEEDS HARVESTED DURING A HIGH RAINFALL PERIOD IN MATO GROSSO DO SUL, BRAZIL SO BIOSCIENCE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Glycine max; Seed decay; Purple seed stain ID CERCOSPORA-KIKUCHII; DIAPORTHE-PHASEOLORUM; INFECTION; FOLIAR AB The aim of this work was to evaluate the incidence of several genera of fungi on soybean seeds harvested duringa period of high rainfall in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Agronomic trait means from 110 plants were determined from data obtained at the time of harvest. From the seeds obtained, 800 were selected that showed discoloration of the tegument, with or without visible fungal colonies. Half of the seeds were superficially disinfected by immersion in a 1% sodium hypochlorite solution for 3 minutes, and all 800 seeds were then incubated to stimulate fungal growth. A modified blotter-test method was used in which 25 seeds were deposited on filter paper placed in a germination box, and a saturated NaCl solution (-1,0MPa) was used to inhibit germination of the seeds. After incubation for 7 days at 25 degrees C, fungal growth was inspected using optical and stereoscopic microscopes to identify the genera of the fungi present on the basis of their morphologies. On average, there were 50,3 pods per plant, 2,0 seeds per pod, and 31,7 visibly diseased seeds per soybean plant. The mean weight of 100 seeds was 14,72 g and there were 15,30 g of seed per plant, of which 4,58 g were visibly diseased on average. Among the fungi observed were Fusarium spp. (80-90%), Phomopsis spp. (39-45 %), Cercospora spp. (22-30 %), Colletotrichumspp. (5-10 %), Rhizoctoniaspp. (< 2%) and Penicilliumspp. These results showed that there is a need to breed new soybean genotypes with resistance to the most common seed diseases. C1 [Cortina, Josiane Vogel; Theodoro, Gustavo de Faria] Univ Fed Mato Grosso do Sul, Chapadao Do Sul, MS, Brazil. [Walker, David Russell] USDA ARS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Walker, David Russell] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Cortina, JV (reprint author), Univ Fed Mato Grosso do Sul, Campus Chapadao do Sul, Chapadao Do Sul, MS, Brazil. EM gustavo.theodoro@ufms.br NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU UNIV FEDERAL UBERLANDIA PI UBERLANDIA PA AV PARA, 1720 CAMPUS UMUARAMA, UBERLANDIA, 38400-902, BRAZIL SN 1516-3725 J9 BIOSCI J JI Biosci. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2013 VL 29 IS 2 BP 386 EP 391 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Agronomy; Biology SC Agriculture; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 134OU UT WOS:000318222800013 ER PT J AU McGuire, LA Pelletier, JD Gomez, JA Nearing, MA AF McGuire, Luke A. Pelletier, Jon D. Gomez, Jose A. Nearing, Mark A. TI Controls on the spacing and geometry of rill networks on hillslopes: Rain splash detachment, initial hillslope roughness, and the competition between fluvial and colluvial transport SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-EARTH SURFACE LA English DT Article ID MODELING WATER EROSION; OVERLAND-FLOW; SEDIMENT TRANSPORT; PHYSICAL PRINCIPLES; RESISTANCE; EVOLUTION; SURFACE AB Rill networks have been a focus of study for many decades, but we still lack a complete understanding of the variables that control the spacing of rills and the geometry of rill networks (e.g., parallel or dendritic) on hillslopes. In this paper, we investigate the controls on the spacing and geometry of rill networks using numerical modeling and comparison of the model results to terrestrial-laser-scanner-derived topographic data from rill networks formed in physical experiments. The landscape evolution model accounts for the transport of sediment due to rain splash and fluvial entrainment as well as the deposition of sediment being advected by the overland flow. In order to develop realistic rill networks in the model, we find that it is necessary to incorporate the effects of raindrop impact within the fluvial sediment transport process. Model results are only consistent with those of experiments when raindrop-aided fluvial sediment transport is accounted for. Dendritic networks are often predicted by the model in cases of high initial topographic roughness and high rates of advective (fluvial) sediment transport relative to diffusive (colluvial) transport. Parallel networks form within numerical experiments in low-roughness cases under a wide range of relative advective and diffusive transport rates as well as in high roughness cases in which diffusive sediment transport is high relative to advective transport. The transition from dendritic to parallel rill networks is shown to occur gradually rather than being associated with a particular threshold. Finally, based on a balance between diffusive and advective sediment transport processes, we predict that the mean spacing between parallel rills scales with the square root of the ratio of diffusivity to channel erodibility. C1 [McGuire, Luke A.; Pelletier, Jon D.] Univ Arizona, Program Appl Math, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Pelletier, Jon D.] Univ Arizona, Dept Geosci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Gomez, Jose A.] Inst Agr Sostenible, Cordoba, Spain. [Nearing, Mark A.] ARS, USDA, Tucson, AZ USA. RP McGuire, LA (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Program Appl Math, 617 N Santa Rita Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM lmcguire@math.arizona.edu RI Gomez, Jose/F-5418-2011 OI Gomez, Jose/0000-0002-3457-8420 NR 31 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 33 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9003 EI 2169-9011 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-EARTH JI J. Geophys. Res.-Earth Surf. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 118 IS 1 BP 241 EP 256 DI 10.1002/jgrf.20028 PG 16 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 135ES UT WOS:000318271200018 ER PT J AU Li, JR Okin, GS Herrick, JE Belnap, J Miller, ME Vest, K Draut, AE AF Li, Junran Okin, Gregory S. Herrick, Jeffrey E. Belnap, Jayne Miller, Mark E. Vest, Kimberly Draut, Amy E. TI Evaluation of a new model of aeolian transport in the presence of vegetation SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-EARTH SURFACE LA English DT Article ID NORTHERN CHIHUAHUAN DESERT; ATMOSPHERIC DUST CYCLE; WIND EROSION; UNITED-STATES; NEW-MEXICO; COLUMBIA PLATEAU; ROUGHNESS; SOIL; VALIDATION; GRASSLAND AB Aeolian transport is an important characteristic of many arid and semiarid regions worldwide that affects dust emission and ecosystem processes. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate a recent model of aeolian transport in the presence of vegetation. This approach differs from previous models by accounting for how vegetation affects the distribution of shear velocity on the surface rather than merely calculating the average effect of vegetation on surface shear velocity or simply using empirical relationships. Vegetation, soil, and meteorological data at 65 field sites with measurements of horizontal aeolian flux were collected from the Western United States. Measured fluxes were tested against modeled values to evaluate model performance, to obtain a set of optimum model parameters, and to estimate the uncertainty in these parameters. The same field data were used to model horizontal aeolian flux using three other schemes. Our results show that the model can predict horizontal aeolian flux with an approximate relative error of 2.1 and that further empirical corrections can reduce the approximate relative error to 1.0. The level of error is within what would be expected given uncertainties in threshold shear velocity and wind speed at our sites. The model outperforms the alternative schemes both in terms of approximate relative error and the number of sites at which threshold shear velocity was exceeded. These results lend support to an understanding of the physics of aeolian transport in which (1) vegetation's impact on transport is dependent upon the distribution of vegetation rather than merely its average lateral cover and (2) vegetation impacts surface shear stress locally by depressing it in the immediate lee of plants rather than by changing the bulk surface's threshold shear velocity. Our results also suggest that threshold shear velocity is exceeded more than might be estimated by single measurements of threshold shear stress and roughness length commonly associated with vegetated surfaces, highlighting the variation of threshold shear velocity with space and time in real landscapes. C1 [Li, Junran; Herrick, Jeffrey E.] New Mexico State Univ, USDA, ARS Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Li, Junran; Okin, Gregory S.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Geog, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Belnap, Jayne] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Moab, UT USA. [Miller, Mark E.] Natl Pk Serv, Moab, UT USA. [Vest, Kimberly] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Appalachian Lab, Frostburg, MD USA. [Draut, Amy E.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA USA. RP Okin, GS (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Geog, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM okin@ucla.edu OI East, Amy/0000-0002-9567-9460; Okin, Gregory/0000-0002-0484-3537 FU USDA-Agricultural Research Service; USDA-Natural Resources Conservation Service Conservation Effects Assessment Program; U.S. Geological Survey; Bureau of Land Management; NSF EAR [0720218]; NASA [NNX10AO97G] FX We thank Matthew Van Scoyoc and Michelle Mattocks for their assistance in collecting soil and vegetation data. We also acknowledge Frank Urban for providing wind data for some of the Utah sites. We would also like to thank the editor, the associate editor, and three anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. This research was supported by the USDA-Agricultural Research Service, the USDA-Natural Resources Conservation Service Conservation Effects Assessment Program, the U.S. Geological Survey, the Bureau of Land Management, and NSF EAR Grants 0720218 and NASA Grant NNX10AO97G. Any use of trade names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 61 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 31 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9003 EI 2169-9011 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-EARTH JI J. Geophys. Res.-Earth Surf. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 118 IS 1 BP 288 EP 306 DI 10.1002/jgrf.20040 PG 19 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 135ES UT WOS:000318271200021 ER PT J AU Brown, TC Foti, R Ramirez, JA AF Brown, Thomas C. Foti, Romano Ramirez, Jorge A. TI Projected freshwater withdrawals in the United States under a changing climate SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ENERGY DEMAND; CONSUMPTION; ELECTRICITY; METHODOLOGY AB Relying on the U.S. Geological Survey water use data for the period 1960-2005, this paper summarizes past water use and then projects future water use based on the trends in water use efficiency and major drivers of water use. Water use efficiency has improved in most sectors. Over the past 45 years, withdrawals in industry and at thermoelectric plants have steadily dropped per unit of output. In addition, domestic and public withdrawals per capita, and irrigation withdrawals per unit area in most regions of the west, have recently begun to decrease. If these efficiency trends continue and trends in water use drivers proceed as expected, in the absence of additional climate change the desired withdrawals in the United States over the next 50 years are projected to stay within 3% of the 2005 level despite an expected 51% increase in population. However, including the effects of future climate change substantially increases this projection. The climate-based increase in the projected water use is attributable mainly to increases in agricultural and landscape irrigation in response to rising potential evapotranspiration, and to a much lesser extent to water use in electricity production in response to increased space cooling needs as temperatures rise. The increases in projected withdrawal vary greatly across the 98 basins examined, with some showing decreases and others showing very large increases, and are sensitive to the emission scenario and global climate model employed. The increases were also found to be larger if potential evapotranspiration is estimated using a temperature-based method as opposed to a physically based method accounting for energy, humidity, and wind speed. Citation: Brown, T. C., R. Foti, and J. A. Ramirez (2013), Projected freshwater withdrawals in the United States under a changing climate, Water Resour. Res., 49, 1259-1276, doi: 10.1002/wrcr.20076. C1 [Brown, Thomas C.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Foti, Romano] Princeton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Ramirez, Jorge A.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Brown, TC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 240 West Prospect Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM thomas.brown@colostate.edu NR 47 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 5 U2 42 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 49 IS 3 BP 1259 EP 1276 DI 10.1002/wrcr.20076 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 129HM UT WOS:000317829900005 ER PT J AU Ducey, TF Ippolito, JA Cantrell, KB Novak, JM Lentz, RD AF Ducey, Thomas F. Ippolito, James A. Cantrell, Keri B. Novak, Jeffrey M. Lentz, Rodrick D. TI Addition of activated switchgrass biochar to an aridic subsoil increases microbial nitrogen cycling gene abundances SO APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Biochar; Nitrogen cycling; Microbial gene abundance ID CALCAREOUS SOIL; TEMPERATE SOILS; RIBOSOMAL-RNA; NITRIFICATION; CHARCOAL; IMPACT; CARBON; MANURE; MINERALIZATION; COMMUNITY AB It has been demonstrated that soil amended with biochar, designed specifically for use as a soil conditioner, results in changes to the microbial populations that reside therein. These changes have been reflected in studies measuring variations in microbial activity, biomass, and community structure. Despite these studies, very few experiments have been performed examining microbial genes involved in nutrient cycling processes. Given the paucity of research in this area, we designed a 6 month study in a Portneuf subsoil treated with three levels (1%, 2%, and 10% w/w ratio) of a biochar pyrolyzed from switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) at 350 degrees C and steam activated at 800 degrees C to measure the abundances of five genes involved in N cycling. Gene abundances were measured using qPCR, with relative abundances of these genes calculated based on measurement of the 16S rRNA gene. At the end of the 6 month study, all measured genes showed significantly greater abundances in biochar amended treatments as compared to the control. In soil amended with 10% biochar, genes involved in nitrogen fixation (nifH), and denitrification (nirS), showed significantly increased relative abundances. Lastly, gene abundances and-relative abundances correlated with soil characteristics, in particular NO3-N, % N and % C. These results confirm that activated switchgrass-derived biochar, designed for use as a soil conditioner, has an impact on the treated soils microbial communities. We therefore suggest that future use of biochar as a soil management practice should take into account not only changes to the soil's physiochemical properties, but its biological properties as well. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Ducey, Thomas F.; Cantrell, Keri B.; Novak, Jeffrey M.] USDA, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, ARS, Florence, SC USA. [Ippolito, James A.; Lentz, Rodrick D.] USDA, Northwest Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, ARS, Kimberly, ID USA. RP Ducey, TF (reprint author), USDA, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, ARS, Florence, SC USA. EM thomas.ducey@ars.usda.gov OI Ducey, Thomas/0000-0001-8199-0584 NR 50 TC 51 Z9 56 U1 10 U2 143 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-1393 EI 1873-0272 J9 APPL SOIL ECOL JI Appl. Soil Ecol. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 65 BP 65 EP 72 DI 10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.01.006 PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 112HT UT WOS:000316584000009 ER PT J AU Uhm, HS Choi, EH Cho, GS Hwang, DH AF Uhm, Han S. Choi, Eun H. Cho, Guang S. Hwang, Daniel H. TI Influence of reactive oxygen species on the sterilization of microbes SO CURRENT APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Reactive oxygen species; Sterilization of microbes; Antioxidant; Ozone ID PLASMA; DISCHARGES AB The influence of reactive oxygen species on living cells, including various microbes, is discussed. A sterilization experiment with bacterial endospores reveals that an argon-oxygen plasma jet very effectively kills endospores of Bacillus atrophaeus (ATCC 9372), thereby indicating that oxygen radicals are the key element of sterilization. Ozone in acidic water also kills endospores of B. atrophaeus very effectively, demonstrating the capability of cleaning a large surface area contaminated by toxic biological agents. The viable microbe numbers after the contact with acidic ozone water directly correlate with increase in the ozone decay time in water after lowering the pH value of water from pH = 7 to 4 indicating that acidic ozone water is an effective means of sterilizing microbes. However, advanced cells such as fertilized eggs were not greatly influenced by the acidic ozone water. Also, both human and canine cells after treatment with the acidic ozone water prospered without showing signs of stress due to ozone in acidic water. This study suggests that antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase can be developed in the advanced cells to protect themselves from attacks by reactive oxygen species. Meanwhile, the advanced cells utilize oxygen by certain enzymes, proliferating life on earth. (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Uhm, Han S.; Choi, Eun H.; Cho, Guang S.] Kwangwoon Univ, Dept Electrophys, Seoul 139701, South Korea. [Hwang, Daniel H.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Hwang, Daniel H.] Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Uhm, HS (reprint author), Kwangwoon Univ, Dept Electrophys, 447-1 Wolgye Dong, Seoul 139701, South Korea. EM hsuhm@kw.ac.kr FU SRC program of the National Research Foundation (NRF) [2010-0029421]; Research Grant of Kwangwoon University; Western Human Nutrition Research Center/ARS/USDA FX This work was financially supported by the SRC program (Grant #2010-0029421) of the National Research Foundation (NRF) and was also partially supported by the Research Grant of Kwangwoon University in 2013, and program funds from the Western Human Nutrition Research Center/ARS/USDA (USDA is an equal opportunity employer and provider). NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1567-1739 J9 CURR APPL PHYS JI Curr. Appl. Phys. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 13 SU 1 SI SI BP S30 EP S35 DI 10.1016/j.cap.2012.12.018 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 130TT UT WOS:000317943700005 ER PT J AU Peterson, DP Wenger, SJ Rieman, BE Isaak, DJ AF Peterson, Douglas P. Wenger, Seth J. Rieman, Bruce E. Isaak, Daniel J. TI Linking Climate Change and Fish Conservation Efforts Using Spatially Explicit Decision Support Tools SO FISHERIES LA English DT Article ID BAYESIAN BELIEF NETWORKS; COLUMBIA RIVER-BASIN; LAND MANAGEMENT ALTERNATIVES; TROUT SALVELINUS-FONTINALIS; BULL TROUT; BROOK TROUT; WATER TEMPERATURE; CUTTHROAT TROUT; BROWN TROUT; LANDSCAPE CHARACTERISTICS AB Fisheries professionals are increasingly tasked with incorporating climate change projections into their decisions. Here we demonstrate how a structured decision framework, coupled with analytical tools and spatial data sets, can help integrate climate and biological information to evaluate management alternatives. We present examples that link down-scaled climate change scenarios to fish populations for two common types of problems: (1) strategic spatial prioritization of limited conservation resources and (2) deciding whether removing migration barriers would benefit a native fish also threatened with invasion by a nonnative competitor. We used Bayesian networks (BNs) to translate each decision problem into a quantitative tool and implemented these models under historical and future climate projections. The spatial prioritization BN predicted a substantial loss of habitat for the target species by the 2080s and provided a means to map habitats and populations most likely to persist under future climate projections. The barrier BN applied to three streams predicted that barrier removal decisions-previously made assuming a stationary climate-were likely robust under the climate scenario considered. The examples demonstrate the benefit of structuring the decision-making process to clarify management objectives, formalize assumptions, synthesize current understanding about climate effects on fish populations, and identify key uncertainties requiring further investigation. C1 [Peterson, Douglas P.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Abernathy Fish Technol Ctr, Longview, WA 98632 USA. [Wenger, Seth J.] Trout Unltd, Boise, ID 83702 USA. [Rieman, Bruce E.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Seeley Lake, MT 59868 USA. [Isaak, Daniel J.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Boise, ID 83702 USA. RP Peterson, DP (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Abernathy Fish Technol Ctr, 1440 Abernathy Creek Rd, Longview, WA 98632 USA. EM doug_peterson@fws.gov FU U.S. Forest Service [06-IA-11221659-097]; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's Abernathy Fish Technology Center; U.S. Geological Survey [G09AC00050]; U.S. Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station; "emeritus" association FX K. Rogers, an anonymous reviewer, and the Science Editor provided helpful reviews that improved the manuscript. D. Peterson was supported by the U.S. Forest Service (Agreement 06-IA-11221659-097) and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's Abernathy Fish Technology Center. S. Wenger was supported by grant G09AC00050 from the U.S. Geological Survey and contracts from the U.S. Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station. D. Isaak was supported by the U.S. Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station. B. Rieman was supported by an "emeritus" association with the U.S. Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S. Forest Service, or Trout Unlimited. NR 90 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 10 U2 75 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0363-2415 J9 FISHERIES JI Fisheries PD MAR PY 2013 VL 38 IS 3 BP 112 EP 127 DI 10.1080/03632415.2013.769157 PG 16 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 133SC UT WOS:000318159000003 ER PT J AU Goldschmidt, RJ Wolf, WR AF Goldschmidt, Robert J. Wolf, Wayne R. TI Determination of Pyridoxine in Dietary Supplements by Liquid Chromatography with UV, Fluorescence, and Mass Spectrometric Detection: Single-Laboratory Validation SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID WATER-SOLUBLE VITAMINS AB A single-laboratory validation was performed for a method that determines pyridoxine, one of the B-6 vitamers, in dietary supplements using LC and UV, fluorescence, or MS detection. The method was adapted for use with either HPLC or ultra-performance LC (UPLC). Pyridoxine is extracted from samples using 0.1 M formic acid, and specific conditions are adjusted for each of the different types of supplement materials examined. Reversed-phase chromatography with C18-based columns is used in both HPLC and UPLC. Fluorescence detection, often used in chromatographic analyses of vitamin B-6 in foods, was successfully used here, but offered no great advantages over UV detection in the supplement materials tested. MS detection was also satisfactory, although use of an internal standard was required. Accuracy of the method was demonstrated in several ways, including use of a standard reference material. Precision and repeatability of the method were found acceptable by analysis of variance and HorRat repeatability calculations. C1 [Goldschmidt, Robert J.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Food Composit & Methods Dev Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Wolf, Wayne R.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Brookeville, MD 20833 USA. RP Goldschmidt, RJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Food Composit & Methods Dev Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg,161 Room 102 BARC East, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Robert.Goldschmidt@ars.usda.gov; Wolfusda@comcast.net FU Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD FX We gratefully acknowledge funding support for this study from the Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. We would also like to thank Renata Atkinson, USDA FCMDL, for her assistance in acquiring some of the HPLC data presented. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 13 PU AOAC INT PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 N FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 USA SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD MAR-APR PY 2013 VL 96 IS 2 BP 265 EP 275 DI 10.5740/jaoacint.12-030 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 129UV UT WOS:000317870400008 PM 23767349 ER PT J AU Ochs, CA Pongruktham, O Zimba, PV AF Ochs, Clifford A. Pongruktham, Orathai Zimba, Paul V. TI Darkness at the break of noon: Phytoplankton production in the Lower Mississippi River SO LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC-MATTER; FOOD WEBS; CARBON; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; DIATOMS; GROWTH; ESTUARY; LIGHT; WATER; NETHERLANDS AB Temporal patterns in chlorophyll a (Chl a) concentration and phytoplankton production were examined in the main channel of the Lower Mississippi River at two locations separated by similar to 420 river km, near Tunica, Mississippi (51 sample-days, 2006-2009), and near Le Tourneau, Mississippi (15 d, 2006-2007). Phytoplankton production was estimated based on laboratory-derived photosynthesis-irradiance profiles coupled to field measurements of the light regime and temperature. Chl a concentration varied between 3 mg m(-3) and 24 mg m(-3), generally increasing at both sites from spring to late summer. Mean annual Chl a flux past Tunica averaged 3.6 x 10(6) kg in 2006-2007. During the 15 month period of sampling at both sites, there was no difference in mean Chl a flux between sites. Despite the presence of viable phytoplankton capable of gross primary production (GPP), and annually recurrent summer increases in Chl a concentration, net primary production (NPP) evaluated over the mean cross-sectional mixing depths of the river was consistently negative at both locations. Severe light limitation constrained NPP. The maximum percentage of time that phytoplankton were in the photic zone was only 25% of a 12 h day (i.e., 3 h), and the mean water-column irradiance required for NPP 5 0 (GPP 5 phytoplankton respiration) was consistently greater than available daytime irradiance. We propose that viable phytoplankton in the main flow of the channel are subsidized from hydrologically connected regions where the light regime is favorable to positive NPP, including lateral slackwater portions of the channel and floodplain backwaters. C1 [Ochs, Clifford A.; Pongruktham, Orathai] Univ Mississippi, Dept Biol, University, MS 38677 USA. [Zimba, Paul V.] ARS, USDA, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS USA. RP Ochs, CA (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Dept Biol, University, MS 38677 USA. EM byochs@olemiss.edu RI Zimba, Paul/O-2778-2013 FU Department of Biology, University of Mississippi; Office of Research, University of Mississippi FX Financial support was provided by the Department of Biology and the Office of Research, University of Mississippi. NR 49 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 25 PU AMER SOC LIMNOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY PI WACO PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710-4446 USA SN 0024-3590 J9 LIMNOL OCEANOGR JI Limnol. Oceanogr. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 58 IS 2 BP 555 EP 568 DI 10.4319/lo.2013.58.2.0555 PG 14 WC Limnology; Oceanography SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA 130XU UT WOS:000317954300011 ER PT J AU Walter, WD Godsey, LD Garrett, HE Dwyer, JP Van Sambeek, JW Ellersieck, MR AF Walter, William D. Godsey, Larry D. Garrett, Harold E. Dwyer, John P. Van Sambeek, Jerry W. Ellersieck, Mark R. TI Survival and 14-Year Growth of Black, White, and Swamp White Oaks Established as Bareroot and RPM (R)-Containerized Planting Stock SO NORTHERN JOURNAL OF APPLIED FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE Quercus alba; Quercus velutina; Quercus bicolor; whole tree weight; afforestation; plantation management; survivability; RPM (R) ID PISOLITHUS-TINCTORIUS; FIELD PERFORMANCE; SEEDLINGS; REGENERATION; BOTTOMLANDS; FORESTRY AB In this study, we report the results of a comparison of 5-year survival and 14-year growth of black, white, and swamp white oaks grown from planting stock produced by a conventional bareroot method and stock produced by the Root Production Method (RPM (R)) of Forrest Keeling Nursery. Five-year survival was 100% for black and white oak grown from RPM (R) stock, but only 63 and 75%, respectively, for trees grown from bareroot stock. The odds ratio for survival of RPM (R) planting stock of black and white oaks compared to bareroot stock were 21.9 and 12.1, respectively. All swamp white oak survived. After 14 years, diameter growth was greater for the RPM (R) than bareroot planting stock and ranged from a 35% increase in black oak to a 6% increase in swamp white oak. Average aboveground fresh weight for trees from RPM (R) planting stock equaled 530 lb compared to 333 lb for trees from bareroot seedlings (P < 0.0001). Compared with traditional bareroot seedlings, survival and growth of RPM (R) oak planting stock was greater through 14 years. C1 [Walter, William D.; Godsey, Larry D.; Garrett, Harold E.; Dwyer, John P.; Ellersieck, Mark R.] Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Van Sambeek, Jerry W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Washington, DC USA. RP Walter, WD (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM walterd@missouri.edu; godseyl@missouri.edu; garretth@missouri.edu; dwyerj@missouri.edu; jvansambeek@fs.fed.us; Ellersieckm@missouri.edu NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 6 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0742-6348 J9 NORTH J APPL FOR JI North. J. Appl. For. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 30 IS 1 BP 43 EP 46 DI 10.5849/njaf.11-047 PG 4 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 130YY UT WOS:000317957800007 ER PT J AU Brito, A Hertrampf, E Olivares, M AF Brito, Alex Hertrampf, Eva Olivares, Manuel TI Iron status biomarkers and C-reactive protein in children aged 19 to 72 months in Chile SO FOOD AND NUTRITION BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE Anemia; Chile; C-reactive protein; ferritin; inflammation; iron deficiency; iron-deficiency anemia ID PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN; DEFICIENCY ANEMIA; YOUNG-CHILDREN; INFANTS; MORTALITY; FERRITIN AB Background. The Chilean Ministry of Health has combated iron deficiency through the delivery of fortified milk by the National Complementary Feeding Program (NCFP). Objective. To assess iron status and associations between biomarkers of iron status and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) in 218 beneficiaries of the NCFP aged 19 to 72 months in Santiago and Valparaiso, Chile. Methods. Blood was collected from a cross-sectional representative sample. Iron status (measured by hemoglobin, zinc protoporphyrin, and serum ferritin levels) and inflammation (according to CRP level) were determined. Results. Serum CRP level was positively associated with serum ferritin and zinc protoporphyrin levels (r = 0.16 and r = 0.15; p = .0168 and p = .0290, respectively). Serum ferritin was higher among children with high CRP (> 10 mg/dL) than among those with low CRP (<= 10 mg/dL) (p = .003). After adjustment for 10, 6, and 5 mg/L CRP, the prevalence of low serum ferritin changed from 56.4% without adjustment to 60.6%, 613%, and 42.7%, respectively, and the prevalence of high zinc protoporphyrin changed from 22.9% to 21.6%, 17.4%, and 17.9%, respectively. There were no differences between regions in biomarkers of iron status. There was no association between consumption of fortified milk and the prevalence of abnormal serum ferritin (< 15 mu g/L) after adjustment for sex, age, and breasyeeding (OR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.99 to 1.01; p = .288). After adjustment for 10 mg/L CRP, 5.5% were classified as having iron-deficiency anemia, 42.7% as having iron-deficiency erythropoiesis, 17.9% as having depleted iron stores, and 35.8% as having normal iron status. Conclusions. CRP level was positively associated with serum ferritin and zinc protoporphyrin levels. Chilean children aged 19 to 72 months from Santiago and Valparaiso who were beneficiaries of the NCFP had a low prevalence of iron-deficiency anemia, a high prevalence of iron-deficiency erythropoiesis, and a moderate prevalence of depleted iron stores. C1 [Brito, Alex; Hertrampf, Eva; Olivares, Manuel] Univ Chile, Inst Nutr & Food Technol INTA, Micronutrients Lab, Santiago, Chile. [Brito, Alex] USDA ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA USA. RP Brito, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, 430 West Hlth Sci Dr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM abrito@inta.uchile.cl RI Olivares, Manuel/I-1876-2013; Brito, Alex/I-2858-2013 OI Olivares, Manuel/0000-0002-1716-7697; Brito, Alex/0000-0002-6212-8814 FU Chilean Ministry of Health FX This study was supported by funding from the Chilean Ministry of Health. E.H and M.O. designed the research; E.H., M.O., and A.B. conducted the research; E.H., M.O., and A.B. analyzed the data; A.B. wrote the paper; and A.B. had primary responsibility for the final content. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU INT NUTRITION FOUNDATION PI BOSTON PA 150 HARRISON AVE, BOSTON, MA 02111 USA SN 0379-5721 J9 FOOD NUTR BULL JI Food Nutr. Bull. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 34 IS 1 BP 14 EP 20 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 125QV UT WOS:000317557300002 PM 23767277 ER PT J AU Brito, A Cori, H Olivares, M Mujica, MF Cediel, G de Romana, DL AF Brito, Alex Cori, Hector Olivares, Manuel Fernanda Mujica, Maria Cediel, Gustavo Lopez de Romana, Daniel TI Less than adequate vitamin D status and intake in Latin America and the Caribbean: A problem of unknown magnitude SO FOOD AND NUTRITION BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE Caribbean; deficiency; 25-hydroxyvitamin D; Latin America; micronutrients; vitamin D ID BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; D DEFICIENCY; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; 25-HYDROXYVITAMIN D; MICRONUTRIENT DEFICIENCIES; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; D INSUFFICIENCY; HIGH PREVALENCE; SUNNY COUNTRY; BUENOS-AIRES AB Background. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Latin America and the Caribbean is unknown. Objective. To examine the prevalence data available on vitamin D deficiency in Latin America and the Caribbean. Methods. A systematic review was conducted in 2011. Studies using biochemical biomarkers and dietary intake estimation were included. Studies conducted in apparently healthy individuals, independently of age, latitude, skin pigmentation, and season of the year at the time of blood collection, were included. Results. A total of 243 studies were identified. The final number of selected studies was 28, including two National Health Surveys (Mexico and Argentina). There are studies that report the vitamin D status of specific subgroups conducted in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guatemala, and Mexico. However, the small sample sizes in these studies and thus the low national representativeness of the reported data do not allow for an accurate assessment of vitamin D status at the regional level. In the majority of the countries with available data, we observed that vitamin D insufficiency was classified as a mild, moderate, or severe public health problem. The only country with a nationally representative sample was Mexico, which found 24%, 10%, 8%, and 10% prevalence rates of vitamin D insufficiency (25-hydroxyvitamin D < 50 nmol/L) in preschoolers, schoolchildren, adolescents, and adults, respectively. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (25-hydroxyvitamin D < 20 nmol/L) was less than 1% for all groups. Conclusions. There is some indication that vitamin D insufficiency may be a public health problem in Latin America and the Caribbean, but the exact magnitude is currently unknown. C1 [Brito, Alex; Olivares, Manuel; Fernanda Mujica, Maria; Cediel, Gustavo; Lopez de Romana, Daniel] Univ Chile, Micronutrients Lab, Inst Nutr & Food Technol INTA, Santiago, Chile. [Brito, Alex] USDA ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA USA. [Cori, Hector] DSM Nutr Prod, Santiago, Chile. RP Brito, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, 430 West Hlth Sci Dr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM abrito@inta.uchile.cl RI Olivares, Manuel/I-1876-2013; Brito, Alex/I-2858-2013 OI Olivares, Manuel/0000-0002-1716-7697; Brito, Alex/0000-0002-6212-8814 FU DSM Nutritional Products Ltd. FX This systematic review was supported with funding from DSM Nutritional Products Ltd. We greatly appreciate Charles Carlson's thoughtful comments that helped improved this manuscript. NR 62 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 8 PU INT NUTRITION FOUNDATION PI BOSTON PA 150 HARRISON AVE, BOSTON, MA 02111 USA SN 0379-5721 J9 FOOD NUTR BULL JI Food Nutr. Bull. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 34 IS 1 BP 52 EP 64 PG 13 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 125QV UT WOS:000317557300006 PM 23767281 ER PT J AU O'Donnell, K Rooney, AP Proctor, RH Brown, DW McCormick, SP Ward, TJ Frandsen, RJN Lysoe, E Rehner, SA Aoki, T Robert, VARG Crous, PW Groenewald, JZ Kang, S Geiser, DM AF O'Donnell, Kerry Rooney, Alejandro P. Proctor, Robert H. Brown, Daren W. McCormick, Susan P. Ward, Todd J. Frandsen, Rasmus J. N. Lysoe, Erik Rehner, Stephen A. Aoki, Takayuki Robert, Vincent A. R. G. Crous, Pedro W. Groenewald, Johannes Z. Kang, Seogchan Geiser, David M. TI Phylogenetic analyses of RPB1 and RPB2 support a middle Cretaceous origin for a clade comprising all agriculturally and medically important fusaria SO FUNGAL GENETICS AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Evolution; Fumonisins; Gibberellins; Molecular dating; Mycotoxins; Trichothecenes ID DNA-SEQUENCE DATABASE; POLYKETIDE SYNTHASE; GIBBERELLA-FUJIKUROI; GENE GENEALOGIES; SYNTHETASE GENES; HEAD BLIGHT; BIOSYNTHESIS; GRAMINEARUM; EVOLUTION; FUNGI AB Fusarium (Hypocreales, Nectriaceae) is one of the most economically important and systematically challenging groups of mycotoxigenic phytopathogens and emergent human pathogens. We conducted maximum likelihood (ML), maximum parsimony (MP) and Bayesian (B) analyses on partial DNA-directed RNA polymerase II largest (RPB1) and second largest subunit (RPB2) nucleotide sequences of 93 fusaria to infer the first comprehensive and well-supported phylogenetic hypothesis of evolutionary relationships within the genus and 20 of its near relatives. Our analyses revealed that Cylindrocarpon formed a basal monophyletic sister to a 'terminal Fusarium clade' (TFC) comprising 20 strongly supported species complexes and nine monotypic lineages, which we provisionally recognize as Fusarium (hypothesis F1). The basal-most divergences within the TFC were only significantly supported by Bayesian posterior probabilities (B-PP 0.99-1). An internode of the remaining TFC, however, was strongly supported by MP and ML bootstrapping and B-PP (hypothesis F2). Analysis of seven Fusarium genome sequences and Southern analysis of fusaria elucidated the distribution of genes required for synthesis of 26 families of secondary metabolites within the phylogenetic framework. Diversification time estimates date the origin of the TFC to the middle Cretaceous 91.3 million years ago. We also dated the origin of several agriculturally important secondary metabolites as well as the lineage responsible for Fusarium head blight of cereals. Dating of several plant-associated species complexes suggests their evolution may have been driven by angiosperm diversification during the Miocene. Our results support two competing hypotheses for the circumscription of Fusarium and provide a framework for future comparative phylogenetic and genomic analyses of this agronomically and medically important genus. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [O'Donnell, Kerry; Proctor, Robert H.; Brown, Daren W.; McCormick, Susan P.; Ward, Todd J.] ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Rooney, Alejandro P.] ARS, Crop Bioprotect Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Frandsen, Rasmus J. N.] Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Syst Biol, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Lysoe, Erik] Bioforsk Norwegian Inst Agr & Environm Res, Dept Plant Hlth & Plant Protect, N-1432 As, Norway. [Rehner, Stephen A.] ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Aoki, Takayuki] Natl Inst Agrobiol Sci, Genet Resources Ctr, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058602, Japan. [Robert, Vincent A. R. G.; Crous, Pedro W.; Groenewald, Johannes Z.] CBS KNAW Fungal Biodivers Ctr, NL-3584 CL Utrecht, Netherlands. [Kang, Seogchan; Geiser, David M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Environm Microbiol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP O'Donnell, K (reprint author), ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 North Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM kerry.odonnell@ars.usda.gov RI Crous, Pedro/H-1489-2012; Groenewald, Johannes/F-4667-2011; Geiser, David/J-9950-2013; OI Crous, Pedro/0000-0001-9085-8825; Frandsen, Rasmus John Normand/0000-0002-3799-6062 NR 84 TC 69 Z9 69 U1 4 U2 93 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1087-1845 J9 FUNGAL GENET BIOL JI Fungal Genet. Biol. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 52 BP 20 EP 31 DI 10.1016/j.fgb.2012.12.004 PG 12 WC Genetics & Heredity; Mycology SC Genetics & Heredity; Mycology GA 117TZ UT WOS:000316977300003 PM 23357352 ER PT J AU Zhang, YG Moran, MS Nearing, MA Campos, GEP Huete, AR Buda, AR Bosch, DD Gunter, SA Kitchen, SG McNab, WH Morgan, JA McClaran, MP Montoya, DS Peters, DPC Starks, PJ AF Zhang, Yongguang Moran, M. Susan Nearing, Mark A. Campos, Guillermo E. Ponce Huete, Alfredo R. Buda, Anthony R. Bosch, David D. Gunter, Stacey A. Kitchen, Stanley G. McNab, W. Henry Morgan, Jack A. McClaran, Mitchel P. Montoya, Diane S. Peters, Debra P. C. Starks, Patrick J. TI Extreme precipitation patterns and reductions of terrestrial ecosystem production across biomes SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION; CENTRAL GRASSLAND REGION; RAIN-USE EFFICIENCY; UNITED-STATES; CLIMATE EXTREMES; CARBON STORAGE; NORTH-AMERICA; SOIL-WATER; VARIABILITY; FORESTS AB Precipitation regimes are predicted to shift to more extreme patterns that are characterized by more heavy rainfall events and longer dry intervals, yet their ecological impacts on vegetation production remain uncertain across biomes in natural climatic conditions. This in situ study investigated the effects of these climatic conditions on aboveground net primary production (ANPP) by combining a greenness index from satellite measurements and climatic records during 2000-2009 from 11 long-term experimental sites in multiple biomes and climates. Results showed that extreme precipitation patterns decreased the sensitivity of ANPP to total annual precipitation (P-T) at the regional and decadal scales, leading to decreased rain use efficiency (RUE; by 20% on average) across biomes. Relative decreases in ANPP were greatest for arid grassland (16%) and Mediterranean forest (20%) and less for mesic grassland and temperate forest (3%). The cooccurrence of heavy rainfall events and longer dry intervals caused greater water stress conditions that resulted in reduced vegetation production. A new generalized model was developed using a function of both P-T and an index of precipitation extremes and improved predictions of the sensitivity of ANPP to changes in precipitation patterns. Our results suggest that extreme precipitation patterns have substantially negative effects on vegetation production across biomes and are as important as P-T. With predictions of more extreme weather events, forecasts of ecosystem production should consider these nonlinear responses to altered extreme precipitation patterns associated with climate change. Citation: Zhang, Y., et al. (2013), Extreme precipitation patterns and reductions of terrestrial ecosystem production across biomes, J. Geophys. Res. Biogeosci., 118, 148-157, doi:10.1029/2012JG002136. C1 [Zhang, Yongguang; Moran, M. Susan; Nearing, Mark A.; Campos, Guillermo E. Ponce] ARS, Southwest Watershed Res Ctr, USDA, Tucson, AZ USA. [Zhang, Yongguang] Free Univ Berlin, Inst Space Sci, D-12165 Berlin, Germany. [Huete, Alfredo R.] Univ Technol Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia. [Buda, Anthony R.] ARS, Pasture & Watershed Management Res Unit, USDA, University Pk, PA USA. [Bosch, David D.] ARS, Southeast Watershed Res Lab, USDA, Tifton, GA USA. [Gunter, Stacey A.] ARS, Southern Plains Range Res Stn, USDA, Woodward, OK USA. [Kitchen, Stanley G.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Shrub Sci Lab, USDA, Provo, UT USA. [McNab, W. Henry] US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, USDA, Asheville, NC USA. [Morgan, Jack A.] ARS, Crops Res Lab, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, USDA, Ft Collins, CO USA. [McClaran, Mitchel P.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ USA. [Montoya, Diane S.] US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, USDA, Arcata, CA USA. [Peters, Debra P. C.] ARS, USDA, Las Cruces, NM USA. [Peters, Debra P. C.] New Mexico State Univ, Jornada Basin Long Term Ecol Res Program, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Starks, Patrick J.] ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, USDA, El Reno, OK USA. RP Zhang, YG (reprint author), Free Univ Berlin, Inst Space Sci, D-12165 Berlin, Germany. EM yongguangzh@gmail.com RI Huete, Alfredo/C-1294-2008; OI Huete, Alfredo/0000-0003-2809-2376; Zhang, Yongguang/0000-0001-8286-300X FU USDA Agricultural Research Service; NASA [08-SMAPSDT08-0042]; NSF [DEB 06-18210] FX This research was supported in part by the USDA Agricultural Research Service, NASA (08-SMAPSDT08-0042), and NSF (DEB 06-18210). We thank the EcoTrends Project (http://www.ecotrends.info) for access to multisite, long-term data. This work used biological data acquired by AmeriFlux and Long Term Ecological Research Network (LTER) network. We acknowledge the Oak Ridge National Laboratory Distributed Active Archive Center for making these data available. We thank Bai Yang, Jyh-Min Chiang, Beverly Law, and Arlyn Andrews for providing suggestions about the ANPP data. We also thank the principal investigators, information managers, scientists, and technicians responsible for measuring ANPP at the LTER sites. NR 48 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 8 U2 120 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-8953 EI 2169-8961 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO JI J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 118 IS 1 BP 148 EP 157 DI 10.1029/2012JG002136 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 129MN UT WOS:000317844700012 ER PT J AU Olson, DM Griffis, TJ Noormets, A Kolka, R Chen, J AF Olson, D. M. Griffis, T. J. Noormets, A. Kolka, R. Chen, J. TI Interannual, seasonal, and retrospective analysis of the methane and carbon dioxide budgets of a temperate peatland SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID HIGH TEMPORAL RESOLUTION; ECOSYSTEM CO2 EXCHANGE; SUB-ARCTIC FEN; NORTHERN PEATLAND; CLIMATE-CHANGE; MINNESOTA PEATLANDS; OMBROTROPHIC BOG; EDDY-CORRELATION; BOREAL PEATLAND; CH4 EMISSIONS AB Three years (2009-2011) of near-continuous methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes were measured with the eddy covariance (EC) technique at a temperate peatland located within the Marcell Experimental Forest, in northern Minnesota, USA. The peatland was a net source of CH4 and a net sink of CO2 in each year with annual carbon budgets of -26.8 (+/- 18.7), -15.5 (+/- 14.8), and -14.6 (+/- 21.5) g C m(-2) yr(-1) for 2009-2011, respectively. Differences in the seasonal hydrometeorological conditions among the three study years were most pronounced during 2011, which was considerably warmer (+1.3 degrees C) and wetter (+40 mm) than the 30 year average. The annual CH4 budget was +11.8 (+/- 3.1), +12.2 (+/- 3.0), and +24.9 (+/- 5.6) g C m(-2) yr(-1) for the respective years and accounted for 23%-39% of the annual carbon budget. The larger CH4 emission in 2011 is attributed to significant warming of the peat column coupled with a high water table position throughout the entire growing season. Historical (1991-2011) CH4 emissions were estimated based on long-term hydrometeorological records and functional relationships derived from our 3 year field study. The predicted historical annual CH4 budget ranged from +7.8 to +15.2 (+/- 2.7) g CH4-C m(-2) yr(-1). Recent (2007-2011) increases in temperature, precipitation, and rising water table at this site suggest that CH4 emissions have been increasing, but were generally greater from 1991 to 1999 when average soil temperature and precipitation were higher than in recent years. The global warming potential (considering CO2 and CH4) for this peatland was calculated based on a 100 year time horizon. In all three study years, the peatland had a net positive radiative forcing on climate and was greatest (+187 g C m(-2)) in 2011. The interannual variability in CH4 exchange at this site suggests high sensitivity to variations in hydrometeorological conditions. Citation: Olson, D. M., T. J. Griffis, A. Noormets, R. Kolka and J. Chen (2013), Interannual, seasonal, and retrospective analysis of the methane and carbon dioxide budgets of a temperate peatland, J. Geophys. Res. Biogeosci., 118, 226-238, doi:10.1002/jgrg.20031. C1 [Olson, D. M.; Kolka, R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. [Griffis, T. J.] Univ Minnesota Twin Cities, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN USA. [Noormets, A.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Chen, J.] Univ Toledo, Dept Environm Sci, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. RP Olson, DM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. EM dmolson@fs.fed.us RI Chen, Jiquan/D-1955-2009; Griffis, Timothy/A-5707-2011; OI Noormets, Asko/0000-0003-2221-2111 NR 78 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 6 U2 79 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-8953 EI 2169-8961 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO JI J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 118 IS 1 BP 226 EP 238 DI 10.1002/jgrg.20031 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 129MN UT WOS:000317844700019 ER PT J AU Burand, JP Hunter, WB AF Burand, John P. Hunter, Wayne B. TI RNAi: Future in insect management SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Biotechnology; RNAi; Insects; Insect control ID DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; TRANSMEMBRANE PROTEIN SID-1; CRICKET GRYLLUS-BIMACULATUS; COLONY COLLAPSE DISORDER; HONEY-BEE; SCAVENGER RECEPTOR; CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; GENETIC INTERFERENCE; ONCOPELTUS-FASCIATUS; DROSOPHILA AB RNA interference is a post- transcriptional, gene regulation mechanism found in virtually all plants and animals including insects. The demonstration of RNAi in insects and its successful use as a tool in the study of functional genomics opened the door to the development of a variety of novel, environmentally sound approaches for insect pest management. Here the current understanding of the biogenesis of the two RNAi classes in insects is reviewed. These are microRNAs (miRNAs) and short interfering RNAs (siRNAs). Several other key approaches in RNAi -based for insect control, as well as for the prevention of diseases in insects are also reviewed. The problems and prospects for the future use of RNAi in insects are presented. Copyright (c) International Atomic Energy Agency 2013. Published by Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. C1 [Burand, John P.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Microbiol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Hunter, Wayne B.] ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Burand, JP (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Plant Soil & Insect Sci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. FU Cooperative State Research Extension, Education Service; U. S. Department of Agriculture; Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station; Department of Plant Soil and Insect Science [MAS00972] FX We wish to thank the manuscript reviewers and Dr. Xiomara Sinisterra, Biotechnology, Science Research Advisor. This work was supported in part the Cooperative State Research Extension, Education Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture, the Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station and the Department of Plant Soil and Insect Science, under Project No. MAS00972. NR 64 TC 43 Z9 45 U1 8 U2 142 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2011 J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL JI J. Invertebr. Pathol. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 112 SU 1 BP S68 EP S74 DI 10.1016/j.jip.2012.07.012 PG 7 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 129VN UT WOS:000317872200011 PM 22841639 ER PT J AU Lietze, VU Keesling, JE Lee, JA Vallejo, CR Geden, CJ Boucias, DG AF Lietze, Verena-Ulrike Keesling, James E. Lee, Jo Ann Vallejo, Celeste R. Geden, Christopher J. Boucias, Drion G. TI Muscavirus (MdSGHV) disease dynamics in house fly populations - How is this virus transmitted and has it potential as a biological control agent? SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Insect virus; Disease transmission; Biocontrol ID SALIVARY-GLAND HYPERTROPHY; SPALANGIA-CAMERONI HYMENOPTERA; GLOSSINA-PALLIDIPES; POULTRY FACILITIES; BEAUVERIA-BASSIANA; MUSCIDIFURAX-RAPTORELLUS; INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE; FLIES DIPTERA; DOMESTICA; MUSCIDAE AB The newly classified family Hytrosaviridae comprises several double-stranded DNA viruses that have been isolated from various dipteran species. These viruses cause characteristic salivary gland hypertrophy and suppress gonad development in their hosts. One member, Muscavirus or MdSGHV, exclusively infects adult house flies (Musca domestica) and, owing to its massive reproduction in and release from the salivary glands, is believed to be transmitted orally among feeding flies. However, results from recent experiments suggest that additional transmission routes likely are involved in the maintenance of MdSGHV in field populations of its host. Firstly, several hours before newly emerged feral flies begin feeding activities, the fully formed peritrophic matrix (PM) constitutes an effective barrier against oral infection. Secondly, flies are highly susceptible to topical virus treatments and intrahemocoelic injections. Thirdly, disease transmission is higher when flies are maintained in groups with infected conspecifics than when flies have access to virus-contaminated food. We hypothesize that interactions between flies may lead to cuticular damage, thereby providing an avenue to viral particles for direct access to the hemocoel. Based on our current knowledge, two options seem plausible for developing Muscavirus as a sterilizing agent to control house fly populations: The virus may either be formulated with PM-disrupting materials to facilitate oral infection from a feeding bait system, or amended with abrasive materials to enhance infection through a damaged cuticle after topical aerosol applications. Copyright (c) International Atomic Energy Agency 2013. Published by Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. C1 [Lietze, Verena-Ulrike; Boucias, Drion G.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Keesling, James E.; Lee, Jo Ann; Vallejo, Celeste R.] Univ Florida, Dept Math, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Geden, Christopher J.] ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Lietze, VU (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, 970 Nat Area Dr, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM vlietze@ufl.edu NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 19 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2011 J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL JI J. Invertebr. Pathol. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 112 SU 1 BP S40 EP S43 DI 10.1016/j.jip.2012.07.017 PG 4 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 129VN UT WOS:000317872200007 PM 22841946 ER PT J AU McMurray, JA Roberts, DW Fenn, ME Geiser, LH Jovan, S AF McMurray, Jill A. Roberts, Dave W. Fenn, Mark E. Geiser, Linda H. Jovan, Sarah TI Using Epiphytic Lichens to Monitor Nitrogen Deposition Near Natural Gas Drilling Operations in the Wind River Range, WY, USA SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Oil and gas development; Lichens; Throughfall nitrogen deposition; Critical loads; Monitoring; Wilderness ID CRITICAL LOADS; RAMALINA-MENZIESII; REACTIVE NITROGEN; ROCKY-MOUNTAINS; WESTERN OREGON; UNITED-STATES; POLLUTION; FORESTS; COMMUNITIES; CALIFORNIA AB Rapid expansion of natural gas drilling in Sublette County, WY (1999-present), has raised concerns about the potential ecological effects of enhanced atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition to the Wind River Range (WRR) including the Class I Bridger Wilderness. We sampled annual throughfall (TF) N deposition and lichen thalli N concentrations under forest canopies in four different drainages of the WRR. Measurements of TF N deposition and N concentrations in lichen thalli were highest at plots closest to drilling operations (<30 km). N concentrations in lichens decreased exponentially with distance from drilling activity. Highest TF N deposition, 4.1 kgha(-1)year(-1), coincided with clear evidence of damage to lichen thalli. This deposition value is above estimated preindustrial deposition conditions (0.9 kgN ha(-1)year(-1)) and regional critical loads (a deposition value below which ecosystem harm is prevented) of N deposition for sensitive ecosystem components. N concentrations in Usnea lapponica were strongly correlated (r=0.96) with TF N deposition, demonstrating that elemental analysis of lichen material can be used to estimate TF N deposition. N concentrations below 1.35 % in U. lapponica and 1.12 % in Letharia vulpina were associated with estimated background conditions of 0.9 kgN ha(-1)year(-1). Additional lichen sampling in the Bridger Wilderness is recommended to further quantify and monitor spatial patterns of N deposition and to define areas of elevated N deposition. C1 [McMurray, Jill A.] US Forest Serv, Air Resources Management Program, Bozeman, MT 59711 USA. [Roberts, Dave W.] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Fenn, Mark E.] US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Geiser, Linda H.] US Forest Serv, Resources Management Program, Corvallis, OR USA. [Jovan, Sarah] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland, OR 97205 USA. RP McMurray, JA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Air Resources Management Program, Bozeman, MT 59711 USA. EM jamcmurray@fs.fed.us FU Forest Inventory and Analysis Program - RMRS [09-JV-11221638-323] FX This project was funded by the Forest Inventory and Analysis Program - RMRS (Grant # 09-JV-11221638-323). We thank Adam McMurray, Ted Porwoll, Becca Berzof, David Brockett, Adam Lunsford, and the BTNF fish crew for helping with field work, and the UMN Research and Analytical Laboratory for elemental analysis. We are also grateful to Terry Svalberg, Mark Story, Ted Porwoll, and Andrea Davidson for support, advice, and resource use. And finally many thanks to Doug Glavich, Terry Svalberg, and Adam McMurray for reviewing the document and providing useful comments. NR 62 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 36 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0049-6979 J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL JI Water Air Soil Pollut. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 224 IS 3 AR 1487 DI 10.1007/s11270-013-1487-3 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA 126LJ UT WOS:000317617200041 ER PT J AU Klurfeld, DM AF Klurfeld, David M. TI What Do Government Agencies Consider in the Debate Over Added Sugars? SO ADVANCES IN NUTRITION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Fructose, Sucrose and High Fructose Corn Syrup - Modern Scientific Findings and Health Implications held at the ASN Scientific Sessions and Annual Meeting at Experimental Biology CY APR 22, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Soc Nutr (ASN) ID CONTROLLED FEEDING TRIALS; GLYCEMIC CONTROL; FRUCTOSE; METAANALYSIS; HEALTH AB The place of sugars in the U.S. diet is vigorously debated with much attention on added sugars, those added during processing or preparation of foodstuffs, particularly as they relate to obesity. Federal government agencies have different responsibilities related to the food supply including research, food safety, nutrition assistance, and labeling; therefore, the interpretation of evidence differs depending on the role of the agency. Some common references for government agency positions are the dietary reference intakes and the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, which together form the foundation for much of federal nutrition policy. Sugar consumption has increased in proportion to intake of other nutrients since 1980, when obesity began to increase substantially. Median intake of added sugars is similar to 12% of energy, whereas total sugar intake is 22% of energy. Although there are differences in the way in which individual monosaccharides are metabolized, they are rarely consumed alone. A key issue related to obesity is likely the increased number of eating occasions and portion size for many indulgent foods; grain-based snacks have become the largest source of energy in the U.S. diet. There are currently insufficient data to justify a decision on regulation or taxation of sugar-containing foods and the like because the approach must be weighed against personal freedoms; the list of foods associated with obesity includes many commonly eaten items, and it is not likely that they are all causally related. Government should consider the totality of the evidence including the strength of the relationship of sugar intake with various health outcomes. Adv. Nutr. 4:257-261, 2013. C1 ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Klurfeld, DM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. EM david.klurfeld@ars.usda.gov NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 2161-8313 J9 ADV NUTR JI Adv. Nutr. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 4 IS 2 BP 257 EP 261 DI 10.3945/an.112.003004 PG 5 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 120HJ UT WOS:000317161100014 PM 23493542 ER PT J AU Parajuli, PB Jayakody, P Sassenrath, GF Ouyang, Y Pote, JW AF Parajuli, P. B. Jayakody, P. Sassenrath, G. F. Ouyang, Y. Pote, J. W. TI Assessing the impacts of crop-rotation and tillage on crop yields and sediment yield using a modeling approach SO AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Corn; Soybean; Hydrology; Water quality; SWAT ID WATER ASSESSMENT-TOOL; ROOT-ZONE; LAND-USE; AGRICULTURAL WATERSHEDS; HYDROLOGIC-SIMULATION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; HARVEST INDEX; WHEAT YIELD; QUALITY; NITRATE AB This study was conducted in the Big Sunflower River Watershed (BSRW), north-west, Mississippi. The watershed has been identified as "impaired waters" under Section 303(d) of the Federal Clean Water Act due to high levels of sediment and total phosphorus. This excess is then transported to the Gulf of Mexico via the Yazoo River, further damaging the nation's water resources. The specific objectives of this study were to assess the impact of corn (Zea mays L), soybean (Glycine max (L) Merr., and rice (Oryza sativa, L) crop-rotations (corn after soybean, soybean after rice, continuous soybean) and tillage practices (conventional, conservation, no-till) on crop yields and sediment yield using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. The SWAT model was calibrated from January 2001 to December 2005 and validated from January 2006 to September 2010 for monthly stream flow with good to very good performance [coefficient of determination (R-2) values from 0.68 to 0.83 and Nash Sutcliffe Efficiency index (NSE) values from 0.51 to 0.63] using stream flow data from three spatially distributed USGS gage stations within the BSRW. The SWAT model was further calibrated for corn and soybean yields from research fields at Stoneville and validated using research fields at the Clarksdale experiment stations with fair to excellent statistics (R-2 values from 0.43 to 0.59 and NSE values from 0.34 to 0.96). The SWAT model simulation results suggested that corn yields were greater in the corn after soybean rotation under conventional tillage (mean = 9.88 Mg ha(-1)) than no-tillage (mean = 8.81 Mg ha(-1)) practices. However, tillage practices had no effects on soybean yield for the corn after soybean rotation. Soybean yields under conventional tillage practice indicated greater yields (mean =3.01 Mg ha(-1)) for the soybean after rice rotation than for soybean after corn. Continuous soybean under conventional tillage had the lowest simulated crop yield (mean = 2.07 Mg ha(-1)) and the greatest sediment yield (5.2 Mg ha(-1)) in this study. The cumulative (1981-2009) sediment yield at the end of the simulation period (2009) indicated a maximum difference of about 8 Mg ha(-1) between no-till and conventional tillage practices, with no-till contributing the lowest sediment yield. The cumulative difference of the sediment yield between no-till and conservation till was about 2 Mg ha(-1). The results of this study will help to better understand the impact of management practices on watershed crop management and water quality improvement within the BSRW. This information can be applied to other agricultural watersheds. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Parajuli, P. B.; Jayakody, P.; Pote, J. W.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Sassenrath, G. F.] USDA ARS, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Ouyang, Y.] USDA FS, Mississippi State, MS USA. RP Parajuli, PB (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Mail Box 9632, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM pparajuli@abe.msstate.edu FU Mississippi Soybean Promotion Board FX This material is based upon the work partially supported by the Mississippi Soybean Promotion Board. We acknowledge the support of Mr. Kenneth Hood, a farmer in the watershed providing field level agricultural information. NR 63 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 60 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3774 EI 1873-2283 J9 AGR WATER MANAGE JI Agric. Water Manage. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 119 BP 32 EP 42 DI 10.1016/j.agwat.2012.12.010 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Water Resources GA 111EV UT WOS:000316505100004 ER PT J AU Ablard, KM Schaefer, PW Gries, G AF Ablard, Kelly M. Schaefer, Paul W. Gries, Gerhard TI An alternative reproductive tactic: A parasitoid wasp gathers and guards a harem by pheromone-tagging virgins SO BEHAVIOURAL PROCESSES LA English DT Article DE Chemical communication; Female choice; Harem; Mate recognition; Mating system; Antennation ID LOCAL MATE COMPETITION; OOENCYRTUS-KUVANAE; COURTSHIP BEHAVIOR; CHEMICAL COMMUNICATION; NASONIA-VITRIPENNIS; LIMULUS-POLYPHEMUS; SEXUAL SELECTION; MATING TACTICS; BODY-SIZE; HYMENOPTERA AB Alternative reproductive tactics (ARTs) are the outcome of decisions to obtain copulations in reproductive competition. Mating tactics male insects exhibit can be based on their competitive ability, or be dependent on conditions such as a competitive setting and the spatial and temporal distribution of receptive females. When females are clustered and numerous, two or more mating tactics can coexist. We predicted that this concept is applicable to the egg parasitoid wasp Ooencyrtus kuvanae (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), because wasps emerge en masse as sexually mature adults from gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar, egg masses. We reveal that male O. kuvanae exhibit two ARTs, a mate-at-once (MAO) tactic, and a harem-gathering and -guarding (HGG) tactic. MAO males invariably and immediately mate females they encounter. HGG males (i) typically mate the first receptive female they encounter, (ii) then find and assess other females, (iii) tag those without prior male contact, and finally (iv) return to, and mate with, all females they themselves have tagged. Females do not incur a direct fitness cost by mating with multiply-mated males. HGG males rely on their speed, unique tag pheromone, and on the females' rejection of HGG males except the one that pheromone-tagged them. The tagging pheromone mediates mate recognition and assessment. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Ablard, Kelly M.; Gries, Gerhard] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Schaefer, Paul W.] USDA, Beneficial Insect Intro Res Lab, Newark, DE 19713 USA. RP Gries, G (reprint author), Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 8888 Univ Dr, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. EM gries@sfu.ca FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); NSERC with Contech Enterprises; SC Johnson Canada; Global Forest Science [GF-18-2007-226, GF-18-2007-227] FX We thank H. Bottomley, P. Cepeda, G. Andersen, M. Andersen, J. Punnett, U. Somjee, S. McCann, Z. Jumean, S. Takacs, and S. Bohlke for technical assistance; J. Drummond for ESEM imaging; M. Hrabar for focus-stacked images; R. Ydenberg, B. Crespi, E. Kiehlmann, A. Harestad, C. Lowenberger, J.H. Borden and J. Brockmann for comments on the manuscript; M. Loughin for statistical modelling; and S. DeMuth for graphical illustrations. This work was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) - Discovery Grant and by an NSERC - Industrial Research Chair to G.G., with Contech Enterprises, SC Johnson Canada, and Global Forest Science (GF-18-2007-226; GF-18-2007-227) as sponsors. NR 51 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 38 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0376-6357 J9 BEHAV PROCESS JI Behav. Processes PD MAR PY 2013 VL 94 BP 32 EP 40 DI 10.1016/j.beproc.2012.11.015 PG 9 WC Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences; Zoology SC Psychology; Behavioral Sciences; Zoology GA 124GY UT WOS:000317453000006 PM 23246899 ER PT J AU Randolph, KC Rose, AK Oswalt, CM Brown, MJ AF Randolph, KaDonna C. Rose, Anita K. Oswalt, Christopher M. Brown, Mark J. TI Status of Black Walnut (Juglans nigra L.) in the Eastern United States in Light of the Discovery of Thousand Cankers Disease SO CASTANEA LA English DT Article DE Black walnut; forest health; Geosmithia morbida; Juglans nigra; Pityophthorus juglandis Blackman; thousand cankers disease; walnut twig beetle AB Juglans nigra (black walnut) is widely distributed throughout the US eastern forest, with high concentrations occurring in Missouri and the Ohio and Tennessee River basins. It is an extremely desirable tree for wildlife forage and timber production on forest land, and for shade, aesthetics, and wildlife forage in urban areas. Current (2009-2010) estimates from US Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) data indicated that there were 306 million live black walnut trees in the eastern United States with a live volume totaling 112.76 million cubic meters (m(3)). This resource is currently threatened by the newly discovered presence of thousand cankers disease (TCD) in Pennsylvania, Tennessee, and Virginia. Thousand cankers disease may have been present in these areas for at least 10 years prior to discovery; however, no evidence of TCD in the forest at large was apparent in the crown condition and mortality data collected by FIA between 2000 and 2010. During this time period black walnut crown conditions were within the range of what is typically considered normal and healthy for hardwood trees and dead black walnut accounted for < 5% of the total number of black walnut trees in 82% of the counties where black walnut occurred. Lack of evidence of TCD in our study could be due to its actual absence or to an inability of the inventory and monitoring system to detect its presence. C1 [Randolph, KaDonna C.; Rose, Anita K.; Oswalt, Christopher M.; Brown, Mark J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Knoxville, TN 37919 USA. RP Randolph, KC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, 4700 Old Kingston Pike, Knoxville, TN 37919 USA. EM krandolph@fs.fed.us FU US Forest Service [SO-EM-B-11-01] FX This project was made possible by partial funding from the US Forest Service, Forest Health Monitoring Program as evaluation monitoring project SO-EM-B-11-01. NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 8 U2 34 PU SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN BOTANICAL SOC, NEWBERRY COLL PI NEWBERRY PA DEPT BIOLOGY, C/O CHARLES N HORN, SECRETARY-TREASURER, 2100 COLLEGE ST, NEWBERRY, SC 29108 USA SN 0008-7475 J9 CASTANEA JI Castanea PD MAR PY 2013 VL 78 IS 1 BP 2 EP 14 DI 10.2179/12-024 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 124EF UT WOS:000317445900002 ER PT J AU Bragg, DC AF Bragg, Don C. TI Composition, Biomass, and Overstory Spatial Patterns in a Mature Pine-Hardwood Stand in Southeastern Arkansas SO CASTANEA LA English DT Article DE Baldcypress; coarse woody debris; loblolly pine; microtopography; oak ID GULF COASTAL-PLAIN; SPECIES COMPOSITION; UNITED-STATES; OAK FOREST; SOUTHERN ARKANSAS; SIZE STRUCTURE; ASHLEY COUNTY; NORTH-AMERICA; USA; DYNAMICS AB A 1.21-ha plot was established in a mature pine-hardwood forest (Hyatt's Woods) along a low stream terrace in southeastern Arkansas. Compositionally, this stand had considerable arboreal richness, with 26 different tree species >= 9 cm in diameter. Lob lolly pine (Pinus taeda) contributed 42% of the stand's 37.1 m(2)/ha of basal area; the remaining fraction included baldcypress (Taxodium distichum) and 24 hardwood species (no other single taxon exceeded 12%). Only a limited volume (15.2 m(3)/ha) of dead wood was encountered. The large size of the dominant conifers and abundance of high wood density hardwoods at Hyatt's Woods yielded a considerable quantity of biomass-at 317 Mg/ha, few stands in the region have more. With all species combined, tree stem location exhibited a random spatial pattern, but this changed when individual species were considered. For example, loblolly pine tended to be clustered on the higher portions of this relatively flat site, while white oak (Quercus alba) was well distributed across Hyatt's Woods, and baldcypress was associated with two abandoned stream channels. Unmanaged streamside forests in southeastern Arkansas usually contain high levels of arboreal diversity and biomass, and sometimes possess biological legacies that can date back centuries. These stands retain important structural and ecosystem service components in an otherwise increasingly fragmented and intensively managed landscape. C1 Univ Arkansas, Southern Res Stn, USDA Forest Serv, Monticello, AR 71656 USA. RP Bragg, DC (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Southern Res Stn, USDA Forest Serv, POB 3516, Monticello, AR 71656 USA. EM dbragg@fs.fed.us NR 60 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 9 PU SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN BOTANICAL SOC, NEWBERRY COLL PI NEWBERRY PA DEPT BIOLOGY, C/O CHARLES N HORN, SECRETARY-TREASURER, 2100 COLLEGE ST, NEWBERRY, SC 29108 USA SN 0008-7475 J9 CASTANEA JI Castanea PD MAR PY 2013 VL 78 IS 1 BP 37 EP 55 DI 10.2179/12-033 PG 19 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 124EF UT WOS:000317445900005 ER PT J AU Parys, KA Johnson, SJ AF Parys, Katherine A. Johnson, Seth J. TI BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF COMMON SALVINIA (SALVINIA MINIMA) IN LOUISIANA USING CYRTOBAGOUS SALVINIAE (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE) SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE classical biological control; aquatic weed; invasive species ID FLOATING WEED SALVINIA; MOLESTA MITCHELL; HUSTACHE COLEOPTERA; FLORIDA; AUSTRALIA; IMPACT; TEXAS; LEPIDOPTERA; POPULATIONS; SPECIFICITY AB Common salvinia, Salvinia minima Baker, is an aquatic invasive fern that obstructs waterways and impacts water quality throughout the southeastern United States. In an effort to establish populations for classical biological control of this weed, the weevil, Cyrtobagous salviniae Calder and Sands, was released at multiple sites across Louisiana. Many of the release sites were lost due to a variety of ecological and anthropological disturbances. In 2008, C. salviniae was found to have successfully overwintered on S. minima in Gramercy, Louisiana. Attack by Cyrtobagous salviniae significantly increased the number of damaged terminal buds and decreased the fresh weight biomass of S. minima. C1 [Parys, Katherine A.] USDA ARS, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Johnson, Seth J.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ctr Agr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Parys, KA (reprint author), USDA ARS, 141 Expt Stn Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM katherine.parys@ars.usda.gov OI Parys, Katherine/0000-0001-7459-3687 FU Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries [673252, 686647, 696303] FX Thank you to Sunil Tewari, Don Henne, Anna Meszaros, Jordan Fryoux, J. C. Claviere, Tiffany Pasco, Katherine A. Renken, and Lukas Thompson for field help and technical assistance. James Boyce (Gramercy), Paul and Melanie Kadair (Tunica), Mr. and Mrs. Rodrigues (Vacherie), Eric Griener (Hammond), Frank Bonifay and Jim Ragland (Alligator Bayou), and Carol Foltz (Vacherie) graciously allowed us access to and use of their property. Chris Carlton, Natalie Hummel, Michael J. Stout, Anna Meszaros, Lee Eisenberg, and 2 anonymous reviewers read this manuscript and provided valuable suggestions. Special thanks to Russell Conner for translating the abstract. This project was funded in part by Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Contracts #673252, #686647, and #696303. This publication was approved by the Director, Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station as manuscript number 2012-234-7363. NR 50 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 66 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 96 IS 1 BP 10 EP 18 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 123HO UT WOS:000317379200002 ER PT J AU Mangan, RL Chapa, D AF Mangan, R. L. Chapa, D. TI EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTS OF LIGHT SOURCE AND PLANT MATERIALS ON ASIAN CITRUS PSYLLID (HEMIPTERA: PSYLLIDAE) TRAPPING LEVELS IN THE TRANSTRAP FOR CITRUS SHIPPING CONTAINERS SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Diaphorina citri; huanglongbing; detection; quarantine; light emitting diodes; citrus ID HOST PLANTS AB The Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), the principal vector of the pathogen of huanglongbing (HLB), has been reported to be transported in truckloads of oranges in Florida. Citrus, especially Key limes and lemons, are shipped to the U.S. from Mexican states that are heavily infected with HLB. Live, infected psyllids could spread the disease in orchards near inspection facilities or packing houses where trucks are unloaded. Experiments reported here tested the use of a sticky trap with light emitting diode(s) (LED) to detect possible contamination of fruit loads by ACP in containers. Experiments were performed in chambers maintained at temperatures and humidities similar to those in truck trailers arriving from Mexico. The effects of light intensity (no LED, 1 LED, 2 LEDs) and plant material (no material, fruit only, trees and fruit) were measured and analyzed to determine the relative efficacy of the trap types and to the role of plant material in a system to detect the ACP. Results showed that ACP could survive in containers with no plant material, fruit only, or a nursery tree as material. The majority of the insects were recovered from the traps with lower psyllid numbers surviving or dying in the container. The traps with 2 LEDs were the most effective, followed by 1 LED traps, then those with no lights. These results showed that the psyllids in these chambers were more likely to be trapped than to survive or die in the chamber. Thus, sticky traps with LEDs as a light attractant can be effective means to detect psyllid contamination in citrus shipping. C1 [Mangan, R. L.; Chapa, D.] ARS, Subtrop Agr Res Lab, USDA, Weslaco, TX USA. RP Mangan, RL (reprint author), USDA ARS, SHRS, 13601 Old Cutler Rd, Miami, FL 33158 USA. EM robert.mangan@ars.usda.gov NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 35 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 96 IS 1 BP 104 EP 111 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 123HO UT WOS:000317379200013 ER PT J AU Fitzgerald, D Tipping, PW AF Fitzgerald, Danyelle Tipping, Philip W. TI EFFECT OF INSECT DENSITY AND HOST PLANT QUALITY ON WING-FORM IN MEGAMELUS SCUTELLARIS (HEMIPTERA: DELPHACIDAE) SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE macroptery; brachyptery; waterhyacinth; Megamelus scutellaris; biological control ID NILAPARVATA-LUGENS; LIFE-HISTORY; PLANTHOPPERS; HOMOPTERA; NUTRITION AB Megamelus scutellaris Berg (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) is a South American species that feeds on waterhyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes Mart. (Solms). This species exhibits significant wing dimorphism whereby fully winged adults (macropters) are capable of flight while those with reduced wings (brachtypters) are not. The wing form is determined by a developmental switch triggered by environmental factors including crowding, host plant quality, temperature, and photoperiod. This study examined the influences of insect density and host plant quality on M. scutellaris wing dimorphism, development, and biomass as well as their effects on E. crassipes. Two experiments exposed a single generation of M. scutellaris to lower and higher densities of conspecifics on low and high quality plants. The first experiment involved transferring second instars to test plants at loads of 50, 5, or 1 g of fresh weight plant biomass per nymph, which resulted in mean densities of 2, 15, and 69 nymphs, respectively, on both low and high quality plants. A second experiment exposed test plants to 2, 4, or 20 M. scutellaris adults for 7 days and allowed their progeny to develop into adults which ultimately produced densities of 0, 56, and 352 F-1 adults, respectively, per low and high quality plants. No macropterous adults were produced in any treatment combination in either experiment. Several plant variables were affected by insect densities and plant quality including the mean relative growth rate, the change in leaf number, and the percentage of dead leaves on a plant. Megamelus scutellaris appeared to have a relatively high density threshold for macroptery within the range of host quality used in these studies. This may promote more brachyptery which, in turn, may increase the chances of this insect reaching damaging densities in field populations of E. crassipes. C1 [Fitzgerald, Danyelle; Tipping, Philip W.] USDA ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. RP Tipping, PW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. EM philip.tipping@ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 15 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 96 IS 1 BP 124 EP 130 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 123HO UT WOS:000317379200016 ER PT J AU Duan, JJ Taylor, PB Fuester, RW Kula, RR Marsh, PM AF Duan, Jian J. Taylor, Philip B. Fuester, Roger W. Kula, Robert R. Marsh, Paul M. TI HYMENOPTERAN PARASITOIDS ATTACKING THE INVASIVE EMERALD ASH BORER (COLEOPTERA: BUPRESTIDAE) IN WESTERN AND CENTRAL PENNSYLVANIA SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE wood borers; Agrilus planipennis; Spathius laflammei; Atanycolus nigropyga; biological control ID TETRASTICHUS-PLANIPENNISI HYMENOPTERA; AGRILUS-PLANIPENNIS; SEASONAL ABUNDANCE; BIOTIC FACTORS; BRACONIDAE; EULOPHIDAE AB We conducted field surveys of the emerald ash borer (EAB), Agrilus planipennis Fairinaire, and associated larval parasitoids in western and central Pennsylvania (Cranberry Township in Butler County and Granville in Mifflin County) in the spring and fall of 2009. The survey procedure involved destructively debarking sections of the main trunk (bole) of EAB-infested green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh.) trees from the ground to the height of 2 m. Three species of the hymenopteran parasitoids were consistently recovered from EAB larvae observed in both survey sites, including two indigenous species of braconids, Spathius laflammei Provancher (= Spathius benefactor Matthews) and Atanycolus nigropyga Shenefelt and the exotic (accidentally introduced) eupelmid Balcha indica (Mani & Kaul). In addition, there are three unidentified species of hymenopteran parasitoids including two braconids Atanycolus sp. [possibly Atanycolus disputabilis (Cresson)] and Spathius sp. (at the Butler Co. site) and one ichneumonid Dolichomitus sp. (at the Mifflin Co. site). These parasitoids together parasitized 0.5-4.6% and 0.5-1.5% of the sampled EAB hosts at the Butler and Mifflin Co. sites, respectively. Parasitism rate by each species or group of those hymenopteran parasitoids varied between the two survey sites-with parasitism rates being generally higher at the Butler Co. site than at the Mifflin Co. site. Studies are needed to determine if those new associations of North American indigenous braconid parasitoids with EAB may play a complementary role in controlling this invasive C1 [Duan, Jian J.; Taylor, Philip B.; Fuester, Roger W.] USDA ARS, Beneficial Insects Intro Res Unit, Newark, DE 19713 USA. [Kula, Robert R.] USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Duan, JJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beneficial Insects Intro Res Unit, Newark, DE 19713 USA. EM Jian.Duan@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 34 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 96 IS 1 BP 166 EP 172 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 123HO UT WOS:000317379200022 ER PT J AU Center, TD Parys, K Grodowitz, M Wheeler, GS Dray, FA O'Brien, CW Johnson, S Cofrancesco, A AF Center, Ted D. Parys, Katherine Grodowitz, Mike Wheeler, Gregory S. Dray, F. Allen O'Brien, Charles W. Johnson, Seth Cofrancesco, Al TI EVIDENCE OF ESTABLISHMENT OF BAGOUS HYDRILLAE (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE), A BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENT OF HYDRILLA VERTICILLATA (HYDROCHARITALES: HYDROCHARITACEAE) IN NORTH AMERICA? SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE aquatic weeds; Bagous restrictus; biocontrol agent release; biocontrol agent establishment; herbivory; phytophagous insects ID AQUATIC WEED; AUSTRALIA; LEPIDOPTERA; PYRALIDAE; EVOLUTION; INSECTS; RELEASE AB The semi-aquatic weevil Bagous hydrillae was released during 1991-1996 at 19 sites in 4 states in attempts to control the aquatic weed hydrilla, Hydrilla verticillata. Fourteen of the sites were in Florida, 2 each in Texas and Georgia and one site in Alabama. Over 320,000 adult weevils were included in these releases. Despite the fact that a few adults were recovered as late as 4.5 yr post-release, presence of permanent, self-perpetuating populations was never confirmed. Then, during 2009 adult B. hydrillae were collected in southern Louisiana, at least 580 km from the nearest release site and 13 yr after attempts to establish this insect had terminated. This suggests that earlier recoveries were indicative of successful establishment and that this weevil species has persisted and dispersed widely in the southeastern USA. Nonetheless, there is no evidence that B. hydrillae has had a suppressive effect on hydrilla. C1 [Center, Ted D.; Wheeler, Gregory S.; Dray, F. Allen] USDA ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. [Parys, Katherine; Johnson, Seth] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Dept Entomol, Louisiana Agr Expt Stn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Grodowitz, Mike; Cofrancesco, Al] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [O'Brien, Charles W.] Univ Arizona, Dept Entomol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Center, TD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, 3225 Coll Ave, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. EM Ted.Center@ars.usda.gov OI Parys, Katherine/0000-0001-7459-3687 FU LSU AgCenter; Louisiana State Department of Wildlife and Fisheries; Florida Department of Environmental Protection; US Army Corps of Engineers; Southwest Florida Water Management District; USDA/ARS FX A. Bishop, L. Bishop, W. C. Durden, L. Kasarjian, and B. Maharajh, USDA-ARS, Invasive Plant Research Laboratory, assisted in the rearing, release, and followup field work during the early years. Thanks to J. Fryoux and A. Meszaros for field assistance in Louisiana. We also thank R. S. Anderson, Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada for confirmation of weevil identifications, J. Boyce for access to his property, and LSU AgCenter and Louisiana State Department of Wildlife and Fisheries for funding. The Florida Department of Environmental Protection, US Army Corps of Engineers, Southwest Florida Water Management District, and USDA/ARS provided funding for the initial project and their support is greatly appreciated. NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 20 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 96 IS 1 BP 180 EP 186 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 123HO UT WOS:000317379200024 ER PT J AU Matusick, G Menard, RD Zeng, Y Eckhardt, LG AF Matusick, George Menard, Roger D. Zeng, Yuan Eckhardt, Lori G. TI ROOT-INHABITING BARK BEETLES (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE) AND THEIR FUNGAL ASSOCIATES BREEDING IN DYING LOBLOLLY PINE IN ALABAMA SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material DE galleries; Hylastes; loblolly pine decline; ophiostomatoid fungi; root disorders ID DOUGLAS-FIR; DECLINE; SCOLYTIDAE; DISEASE; VECTORS; COMPLEX AB Root feeding bark beetles in the family Curculionidae and the ophiostomatoid fungi they vector contribute to root disorders of Pinus species around the world. In the southeastern United States root feeding beetles in the genus Hylastes (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), including Hylastes salebrosus and Hylastes tenuis, are associated with stands of Pinus taeda experiencing premature mortality. Despite this, direct evidence of Hylastes species breeding, with their associated ophiostomatoid fungi, in Pinus taeda has not been observed until this point. In one R taeda stand experiencing increased mortality in Alabama, roots were excavated and dissected from pines exhibiting a range of crown conditions in order to determine if Hylastes breeding and feeding damage could be detected and to investigate the relationship between beetles, ophiostomatoid fungi, and tree crown condition. Hylastes salebrosus and H. tenuis represented the majority of beetles collected (94%) and were found nearly exclusively in root of trees with dying crowns. Adult beetles and beetle galleries were associated with a host of ophiostomatoid fungi, including Leptographium terebranis, Grosmannia huntii, L. procerum, and L. serpens. These observations suggest roots of dying trees represent a valuable host substrate for expanding H. salebrosus and H. tenuis populations. A more comprehensive study is required to confirm these findings. C1 [Matusick, George] Nature Conservancy, Chattahoochie Fall Line Project, Ft Benning, CA USA. [Menard, Roger D.] USDA, Forest Serv, Pineville, LA USA. [Matusick, George; Zeng, Yuan; Eckhardt, Lori G.] Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Matusick, G (reprint author), Nature Conservancy, Chattahoochie Fall Line Project, Ft Benning, CA USA. EM gmatusick@tnc.org NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 15 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 96 IS 1 BP 238 EP 241 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 123HO UT WOS:000317379200034 ER PT J AU Valles, SM Porter, SD AF Valles, Steven M. Porter, Sanford D. TI PROCEDURES TO MITIGATE THE IMPACT OF SOLENOPSIS INVICTA VIRUS 3 IN FIRE ANT (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE) REARING FACILITIES SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material DE SINV-3; bleach; sodium hypochlorite; UV radiation; mechanical movement; infectious dust particles ID STRAND RNA VIRUS; DISCOVERY; SEQUENCE; AGENTS AB During the initial characterization of Solenopsis invicta virus 3 (SINV-3), virus-infected fire ant colonies were retrieved from the field and maintained in the laboratory rearing facility at the USDA-ARS CMAVE, Gainesville, FL. During this time, all uninfected S. invicta colonies housed in the facility contracted SINV-3 infections. Virus infection in fire ant rearing facilities and methods to render the virus inactive and to limit its impact on fire ant rearing are described. C1 [Valles, Steven M.; Porter, Sanford D.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Valles, SM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, 1600 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM steven.valles@ars.usda.gov NR 16 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 8 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 96 IS 1 BP 252 EP 254 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 123HO UT WOS:000317379200038 ER PT J AU Ammar, ED Hall, DG AF Ammar, El-Desouky Hall, David G. TI RETRACTED STYLETS IN NYMPHS OF THE ASIAN CITRUS PSYLLID ARE HELD EXTERNALLY AGAINST THE CLYPEUS BY A SPECIAL PAIRED ORGAN NOT FOUND IN THE ADULTS SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material DE Boreioglycaspis melaleuca; stylet-holding organ; stylets; pysillids; Hemiptera ID DIAPHORINA-CITRI AB Differences in ultrastructure of the mouth-parts in nymphs and adults of the Asian citrus psyllid Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), vector of the bacterium associated with citrus huanglongbing disease, were studied using scanning electron microscopy. The number of sensilla on the labial tip in nymphs was greater than that in adults. Furthermore, during the resting (non-feeding) periods, the retracted/looped stylets in the adults are hidden inside a bag called the crumena, whereas the fully or partially retracted stylets in nymphs are externally visible between the clypeus and 2 large projections, not found in the adults, at the base of the labium. These projections, that we called 'stylet-holding organ', were found also in nymphs of the melaleuca psyllid, Boreioglycaspis melaleuca, retracted/looped stylets. C1 [Ammar, El-Desouky; Hall, David G.] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Ammar, ED (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM eldammar@hotmail.com NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 21 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 96 IS 1 BP 264 EP 267 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 123HO UT WOS:000317379200042 ER PT J AU Pratt, PD Rayamajhi, MB Tipping, PW Center, TD AF Pratt, Paul D. Rayamajhi, Min B. Tipping, Philip W. Center, Ted D. TI LARVAL DISPERSAL OF THE WEED BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENT OXYOPS VITIOSA (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE) SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material DE freefall of larvae; leaf litter; Melaleuca quinquenervia ID MELALEUCA-QUINQUENERVIA AB The Australian weevil Oxyops vitiosa is a biological control agent of the exotic tree Melaleuca quinquenervia in Florida, USA. Evidence suggests that the last instar drops from the canopy to the forest floor to pupate in the soil or leaf litter. This dispersal method preempts weevil population persistence in permanently flooded habitats, where some populations of the exotic weed occur. In these habitats, sustained weevil herbivory is dependent upon repeated colonization events. C1 [Pratt, Paul D.; Rayamajhi, Min B.; Tipping, Philip W.; Center, Ted D.] USDA ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. RP Pratt, PD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, 3225 Coll Ave, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. EM Paul.Pratt@ars.usda.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 96 IS 1 BP 278 EP 279 PG 2 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 123HO UT WOS:000317379200046 ER PT J AU Fischer, P AF Fischer, Paige TI Identifying policy target groups with qualitative and quantitative methods: the case of wildfire risk on nonindustrial private forest lands (vol 25, pg 62, 2012) SO FOREST POLICY AND ECONOMICS LA English DT Correction ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; DRY FORESTS; FIRE RISK; OWNERS; MANAGEMENT; LANDOWNERS; FUEL; USA; INSTRUMENTS; COOPERATION C1 USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Western Wildland Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Fischer, P (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Western Wildland Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM paigefischer@fs.fed.us NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1389-9341 J9 FOREST POLICY ECON JI Forest Policy Econ. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 28 BP 68 EP 78 DI 10.1016/j.forpol.2013.02.003 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 124HK UT WOS:000317454200009 ER PT J AU Kumschick, S Hufbauer, RA Alba, C Blumenthal, DM AF Kumschick, Sabrina Hufbauer, Ruth A. Alba, Christina Blumenthal, Dana M. TI Evolution of fast-growing and more resistant phenotypes in introduced common mullein (Verbascum thapsus) SO JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE abiotic; biotic; defence; herbivory; invasion ecology; nitrogen; resource availability; Trichoplusia ni; water stress ID INVASIVE PLANT; RESOURCE AVAILABILITY; RAPID EVOLUTION; COMPETITIVE ABILITY; NITROGEN LIMITATION; SILENE-LATIFOLIA; ENEMY RELEASE; POPULATIONS; ECOSYSTEMS; DEFENSE AB 1. Species introduced into areas outside of their native range face novel biotic and abiotic conditions, which probably impose novel selection pressures. Adaptation to these new conditions may increase the ability of introduced species to establish and spread. Like many other introduced plant populations, introduced genotypes of common mullein (Verbascum thapsus) are more successful in their introduced than in their native range, with increased growth and fecundity. These differences appear to be at least partly genetically based. The most successful introduced populations also grow in an environment that is drier and has fewer competitors than native populations. It is not known, however, whether differences between native and introduced mullein populations are related to these environmental differences between ranges. 2. We used a common garden experiment with 23 native and 27 introduced populations of common mullein to test whether common mullein in the introduced range exhibits evolutionary shifts with respect to responses to competition, drought stress and nitrogen (N) stress. We also used choice experiments to learn whether introduced mullein is more or less resistant to a generalist herbivore than native mullein. 3. Without competition, introduced genotypes grew larger than native genotypes under high resource availability (control) and N stress, but not water stress. Survival, however, was increased in native populations under competition and N stress. The introduced genotypes also had a lower root: shoot ratio than the native genotypes. With competition, introduced genotypes grew larger than native genotypes across all treatments, with that difference being significant under N stress. The introduced genotypes were also more resistant to a generalist herbivore. 4. Synthesis: Together, high biomass, strong responses to high water availability and low root: shoot ratio suggest that mullein has evolved a fast-growing, weedy phenotype in its introduced range rather than adapting to a low-water environment through increased root growth. Although fast-growing plants can be more palatable to herbivores, in this case there does not appear to be a trade-off between growth and defence against a generalist herbivore. Mullein appears to have evolved to be both faster growing and better defended in the introduced range. C1 [Kumschick, Sabrina; Hufbauer, Ruth A.; Alba, Christina] Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Kumschick, Sabrina] Univ Stellenbosch, Dept Bot & Zool, Ctr Invas Biol, ZA-7602 Matieland, South Africa. [Alba, Christina] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Dept Invas Ecol, Inst Bot, CZ-25243 Pruhonice, Czech Republic. [Blumenthal, Dana M.] ARS, USDA, Rangeland Resource Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Kumschick, S (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, 1177 Campus Mail, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM sabrina.kumschick@alumni.unibe.ch RI Alba, Christina/H-1579-2014 OI Alba, Christina/0000-0001-7040-8480 FU Swiss National Science Foundation; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic [RVO 67985939] FX Many thanks to M Catanese, J Engle, C Miller, J Bushey, S Hylander, J Kray, J Matsuura, B & B Kumschick, M Bauerle, E Goldbach, E Kipping and K Dykgreve for help with root washing and assistance in the glasshouse. Many thanks to B Facon, R Sforza, J Eriksson, K Van Looy, P Pysek, U Schaffner, P Mraz, C Fettig and B Kao for help with seed collections for this work. The Swiss National Science Foundation provided funding for SK. RAH acknowledges support of the Colorado Agricultural Experiment Station, the French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA) and Fulbright-France as well as NSF RCN DEB-0541673 for inspiring this collaborative effort. CA was partially funded by a long-term research development Project No. RVO 67985939 (from the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic). NR 64 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 7 U2 111 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-0477 J9 J ECOL JI J. Ecol. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 101 IS 2 BP 378 EP 387 DI 10.1111/1365-2745.12044 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 130MX UT WOS:000317923300012 ER PT J AU Nepal, P Ince, PJ Skog, KE Chang, SJ AF Nepal, Prakash Ince, Peter J. Skog, Kenneth E. Chang, Sun J. TI Projected US timber and primary forest product market impacts of climate change mitigation through timber set-asides SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID CONSERVATION RESERVE PROGRAM; WOOD ENERGY-CONSUMPTION; CARBON SEQUESTRATION; LAND AB Whereas climate change mitigation involving payments to forest landowners for accumulating carbon on their land may increase carbon stored in forests, it will also affect timber supply and prices. This study estimated the effect on US timber and primary forest product markets of hypothetical timber set-aside scenarios where US forest landowners would be paid to forego timber harvests for 100 years to increase carbon storage on US timberland. The scenarios featured payments to landowners of $0 (business-as-usual (BAU)), $10, and $15 per each additional metric ton (t) of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO(2)e) sequestered on the set-aside timberlands, with maximum annual expenditures of $3 billion. For the set-aside scenarios, reduction in timberland available for harvest resulted in increased timber prices and changes in US domestic production, consumption, net export, and timber market welfare. Economic analyses indicated that the scenario with more area set aside and the largest carbon mitigation benefit (lower carbon price, $10/t CO(2)e) would result in the largest decrease in market welfare, suggesting that climate change mitigation policies and programs would need to consider such impacts when evaluating the costs and benefits of climate change mitigation strategies in the forest sector. C1 [Nepal, Prakash; Chang, Sun J.] LSU AgCtr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Nepal, Prakash; Ince, Peter J.; Skog, Kenneth E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Nepal, P (reprint author), LSU AgCtr, 227 Sch Renewable Nat Resources Bldg, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM pnepal@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service RPA Assessment FX We thank Andrew D. Kramp (University of Wisconsin-Madison) who helped set up our BAU scenario in USFPM/GFPM; two anonymous reviewers and the Associate Editor whose comments helped improve this paper; and Dr. Eric White of Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, and Dr. Robert Grala of Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, for reviewing an earlier version of this paper. We acknowledge funding support from the USDA Forest Service RPA Assessment. NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 15 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 43 IS 3 BP 245 EP 255 DI 10.1139/cjfr-2012-0331 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 119PX UT WOS:000317110900004 ER PT J AU Rocha, LFN Inglis, PW Humber, RA Kipnis, A Luz, C AF Rocha, Luiz F. N. Inglis, Peter W. Humber, Richard A. Kipnis, Andre Luz, Christian TI Occurrence of Metarhizium spp. in Central Brazilian soils SO JOURNAL OF BASIC MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Phylogeny; Detection; Entomopathogenic fungi; Biodiversity ID FUNGI BEAUVERIA-BASSIANA; AEDES-AEGYPTI DIPTERA; ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGI; OVICIDAL ACTIVITY; PHYLOGENETIC INFERENCE; LABORATORY CONDITIONS; PATHOGENIC FUNGI; ANISOPLIAE; CULICIDAE; CERRADO AB The biodiversity of entomopathogenic fungi in tropical ecosystems is still little investigated, and the objective of this study was to isolate and identify fungi of the entomopathogenic genus Metarhizium (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) present in undisturbed soils of the Central Brazilian Cerrado. A total of 107 Metarhizium isolates was obtained from soils collected from Cerrado sites in the state of Goias; gene sequences from 63 of these were obtained and compared. Among these, one was confirmed to be M. anisopliae sensu stricto; 53 were very closely allied to M. anisopliae but require more extensive genetic characterization to determine if they might represent a new taxon in the M. anisopliae species complex. Eight of these Cerrado isolates were referable to M. robertsii, and the remaining isolate is the first South American (and Southern Hemisphere) collection of M. flavoviride var. pemphigi. These findings underline the need for better characterization of the diversity of these widely distributed fungi in Brazil. C1 [Rocha, Luiz F. N.; Kipnis, Andre; Luz, Christian] Univ Fed Goias, Inst Patol Trop & Saude Publ, DMIPP, BR-74001970 Goiania, Go, Brazil. [Inglis, Peter W.] Embrapa Recursos Genet & Biotecnol, Bras lia, DF, Brazil. [Humber, Richard A.] ARS Biol Integrated Pest Management Res, USDA, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY USA. RP Luz, C (reprint author), Univ Fed Goias, Inst Patol Trop & Saude Publ, DMIPP, CP 131, BR-74001970 Goiania, Go, Brazil. EM wchrisluz@hotmail.com FU National Council of Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq, Brazil) FX The authors thank Ionizete G. Silva (IPTSP) for providing triatomines. This research was funded by the National Council of Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq, Brazil). NR 36 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 23 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0233-111X J9 J BASIC MICROB JI J. Basic Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 53 IS 3 BP 251 EP 259 DI 10.1002/jobm.201100482 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 108FB UT WOS:000316276100008 PM 22733433 ER PT J AU Van Deusen, PC Roesch, FA Wigley, TB AF Van Deusen, Paul C. Roesch, Francis A. Wigley, T. Bently TI Estimating Forestland Area Change from Inventory Data SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE forest conservation; Forest Inventory and Analysis data; land use change; gross forest cover loss ID CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; LAND-COVER AB Simple methods for estimating the proportion of land changing from forest to nonforest are developed. Variance estimators are derived to facilitate significance tests. A power analysis indicates that 400 inventory plots are required to reliably detect small changes in net or gross forest loss. This is an important result because forest certification programs may require additional precautions when wood from areas where forestland area loss is occurring is harvested or purchased. Net and gross forest area loss must be clearly differentiated to avoid confusion. Estimates of gross forest cover loss from satellite data should not be equated with net forest area loss, which can be better determined from remeasured forest inventory plots. Simultaneous tests of net and gross forest area loss should use multiple comparison procedures to ensure that overall error rates are correct. Examples of applications demonstrate how to properly perform these tests. A simulated example is used to verify that the variance estimators are reliable. An application to USDA Forest Service inventory data indicates that neither net nor gross forest loss at the state level was statistically significant for states that had sufficient remeasured plot data publicly available when this analysis was done. C1 [Van Deusen, Paul C.] Natl Council Air & Stream Improvement Inc NCASI, Tewksbury, MA 01876 USA. [Roesch, Francis A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Asheville, NC USA. [Wigley, T. Bently] Natl Council Air & Stream Improvement Inc, Kalamazoo, MI USA. RP Van Deusen, PC (reprint author), Natl Council Air & Stream Improvement Inc NCASI, Tewksbury, MA 01876 USA. EM pvandeus@gmail.com; froesch@fs.fed.us; wigley@clemson.edu NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 7 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 EI 1938-3746 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 111 IS 2 BP 126 EP 131 PG 6 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 121OC UT WOS:000317253100009 ER PT J AU Berger, AL Palik, B D'Amato, AW Fraver, S Bradford, JB Nislow, K King, D Brooks, RT AF Berger, Alaina L. Palik, Brian D'Amato, Anthony W. Fraver, Shawn Bradford, John B. Nislow, Keith King, David Brooks, Robert T. TI Ecological Impacts of Energy-Wood Harvests: Lessons from Whole-Tree Harvesting and Natural Disturbance SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Review DE aquatic ecosystems; biodiversity; biofuels; carbon storage; energy-wood; forest productivity; natural disturbance; whole-tree harvesting; woody debris; saproxylic organisms ID NORTHERN HARDWOOD FOREST; CANADIAN BOREAL FOREST; BROOK EXPERIMENTAL FOREST; PLANT-SPECIES DIVERSITY; JACK PINE FORESTS; OLD-GROWTH; NEW-ENGLAND; TEMPERATE FORESTS; INHABITING FUNGI; CARBON STORAGE AB Recent interest in using forest residues and small-diameter material for biofuels is generating a renewed focus on harvesting impacts and forest sustainability. The rich legacy of research from whole-tree harvesting studies can be examined in light of this interest. Although this research largely focused on consequences for forest productivity, in particular carbon and nutrient pools, it also has relevance for examining potential consequences for biodiversity and aquatic ecosystems. This review is framed within a context of contrasting ecosystem impacts from whole-tree harvesting because it represents a high level of biomass removal. Although whole-tree harvesting does not fully use the nonmerchantable biomass available, it indicates the likely direction and magnitude of impacts that can occur through energy-wood harvesting compared with less-intensive conventional harvesting and to dynamics associated with various natural disturbances. The intent of this comparison is to gauge the degree of departure of energy-wood harvesting from less intensive conventional harvesting. The review of the literature found a gradient of increasing departure in residual structural conditions that remained in the forest when conventional and whole-tree harvesting was compared with stand-replacing natural disturbance. Important stand- and landscape-level processes were related to these structural conditions. The consequence of this departure may be especially potent because future energy-wood harvests may more completely use a greater range of forest biomass at potentially shortened rotations, creating a great need for research that explores the largely unknown scale of disturbance that may apply to our forest ecosystems. C1 [Berger, Alaina L.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Palik, Brian; Nislow, Keith; King, David; Brooks, Robert T.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Northern Res Stn, Washington, DC USA. [D'Amato, Anthony W.] Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN USA. [Fraver, Shawn] US Forest Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Bradford, John B.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Reston, VA USA. RP Berger, AL (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM alberger@umn.edu; bpalik@fs.fed.us; damato@umn.edu; sfraver@fs.fed.us; jbradford@usgs.gov; knislow@fs.fed.us; dking@fs.fed.us; rtbrooks@fs.fed.us RI Bradford, John/E-5545-2011 FU Department of Energy/US Department of Agriculture Biomass Research and Development initiative grant; USDA Forest Service, Northern Forest Research Station FX The authors acknowledge support from the Department of Energy/US Department of Agriculture Biomass Research and Development initiative grant and funding from the USDA Forest Service, Northern Forest Research Station. The authors also acknowledge comments on an earlier version of this review by John Brissette. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 173 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 8 U2 91 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 EI 1938-3746 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 111 IS 2 BP 139 EP 153 PG 15 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 121OC UT WOS:000317253100011 ER PT J AU Kocyigit-Kaymakcioglu, B Celen, AO Tabanca, N Ali, A Khan, SI Khan, IA Wedge, DE AF Kocyigit-Kaymakcioglu, Bedia Celen, Ahmet Ozgur Tabanca, Nurhayat Ali, Abbas Khan, Shabana I. Khan, Ikhlas A. Wedge, David E. TI Synthesis and Biological Activity of Substituted Urea and Thiourea Derivatives Containing 1,2,4-Triazole Moieties SO MOLECULES LA English DT Article DE thiourea; urea; 1,2,4-triazole; synthesis; fungicide; plant pathogens; larvicides; mosquitoes; anti-inflammatory; cytotoxicity ID IN-VITRO; ANTIMICROBIAL EVALUATION; ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS; AMPHOTERICIN-B; DESIGN; ANTIBACTERIAL; ITRACONAZOLE; VORICONAZOLE; FLUCONAZOLE; TRIAZOLE AB A series of novel thiourea and urea derivatives containing 1,2,4-triazole moieties were synthesized and evaluated for their antifungal and larvicidal activity. Triazole derivatives 3a-e and 4a-e were synthesized by reacting thiocarbohydrazide with thiourea and urea compounds 1a-e and 2a-e, respectively, in a 130-140 degrees C oil bath. The proposed structures of all the synthesized compounds were confirmed using elemental analysis, UV, IR, H-1-NMR and mass spectroscopy. All compounds were evaluated for antifungal activity against plant pathogens, larvicidal and biting deterrent activity against the mosquito Aedes aegypti L. and in vitro cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory activity against some human cell lines. Phomopis species were the most sensitive fungi to these compounds. Compounds 1b, 1c, 3a and 4e demonstrated selectively good activity against Phomopis obscurans and only 1b and 4e showed a similar level of activity against P. viticola. Compound 3d, with a LD50 value of 67.9 ppm, followed by 1c (LD50 = 118.8 ppm) and 3e (LD50 = 165.6 ppm), showed the highest toxicity against Aedes aegypti larvae. Four of these compounds showed biting deterrent activity greater than solvent control, with the highest activity being seen for 1c, with a proportion not biting (PNB) value of 0.75, followed by 1e, 2b and 1a. No cytotoxicity was observed against the tested human cancer cell lines. No anti-inflammatory activity was observed against NF-kappa B dependent transcription induced by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) in human chondrosarcoma cells. C1 [Kocyigit-Kaymakcioglu, Bedia; Celen, Ahmet Ozgur] Marmara Univ, Fac Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut Chem, TR-34668 Istanbul, Turkey. [Tabanca, Nurhayat; Ali, Abbas; Khan, Shabana I.; Khan, Ikhlas A.] Univ Mississippi, Pharmaceut Sci Res Inst, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA. [Khan, Shabana I.; Khan, Ikhlas A.] Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharmacognosy, University, MS 38677 USA. [Wedge, David E.] ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, USDA, University, MS 38667 USA. RP Kocyigit-Kaymakcioglu, B (reprint author), Marmara Univ, Fac Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut Chem, TR-34668 Istanbul, Turkey. EM bkaymakcioglu@marmara.edu.tr; ahmozgcelen@hotmail.com; ntabanca@olemiss.edu; aali@olemiss.edu; ikhan@olemiss.edu; skhan@olemiss.edu; dwedge@olemiss.edu FU Marmara University Scientific Research Projects Commission (BAPKO) [SAG-C-YLP-270109-0013, SAG-D-200611-0205 2011]; USDA/ARS [56-6402-1-612]; Deployed War-Fighter Protection Research Program Grant; U.S. Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board FX The authors wish to thank Marmara University Scientific Research Projects Commission (BAPKO, SAG-C-YLP-270109-0013, 2009 and SAG-D-200611-0205 2011) for financial support. This study was supported in part by USDA/ARS grant No. 56-6402-1-612 and Deployed War-Fighter Protection Research Program Grant funded by the U.S. Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board. We thank Jessie Linda Robertson, Ramona Pace, John Trott, and Katherine Martin for the bioassays. We thank James J. Becnel, Mosquito and Fly Research Unit, Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology (USDA-ARS, Gainesville, FL, USA) for supplying A. aegypti eggs. NR 37 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 42 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1420-3049 J9 MOLECULES JI Molecules PD MAR PY 2013 VL 18 IS 3 BP 3562 EP 3576 DI 10.3390/molecules18033562 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 112RV UT WOS:000316611700077 PM 23519199 ER PT J AU Li, K Dias, SJ Rimando, AM Dhar, S Mizuno, CS Penman, AD Lewin, JR Levenson, AS AF Li, Kun Dias, Steven J. Rimando, Agnes M. Dhar, Swati Mizuno, Cassia S. Penman, Alan D. Lewin, Jack R. Levenson, Anait S. TI Pterostilbene Acts through Metastasis-Associated Protein 1 to Inhibit Tumor Growth, Progression and Metastasis in Prostate Cancer SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID MTA1 MESSENGER-RNA; RESVERATROL SUPPRESSES; TRANS-RESVERATROL; CELLS; RATS; EXPRESSION; APOPTOSIS; GRAPES; ANGIOGENESIS; INVASION AB The development of natural product agents with targeted strategies holds promise for enhanced anticancer therapy with reduced drug-associated side effects. Resveratrol found in red wine, has anticancer activity in various tumor types. We reported earlier on a new molecular target of resveratrol, the metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1), which is a part of nucleosome remodeling and deacetylation (NuRD) co-repressor complex that mediates gene silencing. We identified resveratrol as a regulator of MTA1/NuRD complex and re-activator of p53 acetylation in prostate cancer (PCa). In the current study, we addressed whether resveratrol analogues also possess the ability to inhibit MTA1 and to reverse p53 deacetylation. We demonstrated that pterostilbene (PTER), found in blueberries, had greater increase in MTA1-mediated p53 acetylation, confirming superior potency over resveratrol as dietary epigenetic agent. In orthotopic PCa xenografts, resveratrol and PTER significantly inhibited tumor growth, progression, local invasion and spontaneous metastasis. Furthermore, MTA1-knockdown sensitized cells to these agents resulting in additional reduction of tumor progression and metastasis. The reduction was dependent on MTA1 signaling showing increased p53 acetylation, higher apoptotic index and less angiogenesis in vivo in all xenografts treated with the compounds, and particularly with PTER. Altogether, our results indicate MTA1 as a major contributor in prostate tumor malignant progression, and support the use of strategies targeting MTA1. Our strong pre-clinical data indicate PTER as a potent, selective and pharmacologically safe natural product that may be tested in advanced PCa. C1 [Li, Kun; Dias, Steven J.; Dhar, Swati; Levenson, Anait S.] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Inst Canc, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. [Rimando, Agnes M.; Mizuno, Cassia S.] ARS, USDA, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS USA. [Penman, Alan D.] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Ctr Biostat, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. [Lewin, Jack R.; Levenson, Anait S.] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. RP Levenson, AS (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Inst Canc, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. EM alevenson@umc.edu FU University of Mississippi Medical Center [59927, 68100231012] FX The study was partially supported by the Intramural Research Support Program grants (#59927 and #68100231012) from University of Mississippi Medical Center to ASL. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 49 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 14 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 1 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 3 AR e57542 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0057542 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 103EI UT WOS:000315897100023 PM 23469203 ER PT J AU Silveira, ML Liu, KS Sollenberger, LE Follett, RF Vendramini, JMB AF Silveira, Maria L. Liu, Kesi Sollenberger, Lynn E. Follett, Ronald F. Vendramini, Joao M. B. TI Short-term effects of grazing intensity and nitrogen fertilization on soil organic carbon pools under perennial grass pastures in the southeastern USA SO SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Particulate organic carbon; Stable isotope ratios (delta C-13); Sandy soils; Particle-size fraction ID FOREST MANAGEMENT INTENSITY; AFFECT LITTER RESPONSES; C-13 NATURAL-ABUNDANCE; DENSITY FRACTIONS; MATTER DYNAMICS; SIZE FRACTIONS; COASTAL-PLAIN; SEQUESTRATION; PARTICULATE; MINERALIZATION AB Pasture management can have important implications on the amounts and long-term stability of soil organic carbon (SOC). We investigated the short-term impacts of grazing intensity and nitrogen (N) fertilization levels on C dynamics into the various SOC pools in rotationally stocked 'Tifton 85' bermuda-grass (Cynodon spp.) pastures. Treatments consisted of three grazing intensities (based on target postgraze stubble heights of 8, 16, and 24 cm) and three levels of N fertilization (50, 150, and 250 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1)). Soil samples (0- to 20-cm depth) were taken prior to imposing treatments and at the end of the 2-yr study. Grazing intensity and N levels had no effect on bulk SOC and N concentration and content. Greater stubble height and rate of N fertilizer resulted in a linear increase in particulate organic carbon (POC) and C and N concentration in the <53-mu m particle-size fraction. Grazing intensity and N fertilization showed significant effects on delta C-13 values and the relative amounts of C-3-C vs. C-4-C. The delta C-13 data indicated that readily decomposable C components (C-4-derived C) were lost in response to more intensive grazing (stubble height of 8 cm). Results demonstrated that POC and C associated with <53 mu m particle-size fraction were sensitive indicators of short-term impacts of pasture management strategies on SOC. Further studies are warranted to examine the long-term impacts of grassland management on SOC pools in sandy soils of subtropical regions. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Silveira, Maria L.; Vendramini, Joao M. B.] Univ Florida, Range Cattle Res & Educ Ctr, Ona, FL 33865 USA. [Liu, Kesi; Sollenberger, Lynn E.] Univ Florida, Agron Dep, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Follett, Ronald F.] USDA ARS, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Silveira, ML (reprint author), Univ Florida, Range Cattle Res & Educ Ctr, Ona, FL 33865 USA. EM mlas@ufl.edu NR 52 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 94 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-0717 J9 SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM JI Soil Biol. Biochem. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 58 BP 42 EP 49 DI 10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.11.003 PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 120GH UT WOS:000317158300006 ER PT J AU Jin, VL Haney, RL Fay, PA Polley, HW AF Jin, Virginia L. Haney, Richard L. Fay, Philip A. Polley, H. Wayne TI Soil type and moisture regime control microbial C and N mineralization in grassland soils more than atmospheric CO2-induced changes in litter quality SO SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Litter decomposition; C mineralization; Net N mineralization; Grassland; Global change; Bouteloua curtipendula ID MOJAVE DESERT SOILS; ELEVATED CO2; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; NITROGEN MINERALIZATION; SEMIARID GRASSLAND; ECOSYSTEM FUNCTION; CARBON DYNAMICS; ORGANIC-MATTER; LEAF-LITTER; RESIDUE DECOMPOSITION AB Global change-induced alterations in litter quality and soil moisture regime will likely impact grassland C and N dynamics, but how these changes interact with edaphic properties across the landscape is unclear. We measured the effects of litter quality, soil type, soil moisture level, and soil drying-rewetting frequency (D-RW) on microbial C and N mineralization of litter and soil organic matter (SUM) in a full-factorial, controlled incubation experiment. Four levels of litter quality (no litter; or litter from Bouteloua curtipendula grown under 280, 380, 500 mu L L-1 CO2) were surface-applied to three contrasting soils common to Blackland Prairie landscapes: an upland Mollisol,. a lowland Vertisol, and a fluvial Alfisol. Different soil moisture regimes were tested by incubating soils at four moisture levels (air-dry, 25%, 35%, or 50% water-holding capacity, WHC) and by drying-rewetting soils 0, 1, 2, 4 or 8 times over the 112-d incubation period. Litter additions stimulated microbial activity, increasing total CO2 production (i.e. C mineralized from litter + SUM decomposition) up to 17x more than no-litter controls (average 3 x) and decreasing net N mineralization up to -3 x less (average -0.5 x) due to greater microbial N immobilization. Neither C nor N mineralization, however, was affected by litter quality. For all soils, litter decomposition increased with increasing WHC and D-RW frequency, but the average percent of total CO2 derived from litter was a negative function of SUM content. Similarly, net N mineralization also was positively correlated with soil WHC and affected most strongly by soil type (Alfisol < Mollisol < Vertisol). Net N mineralization responses to D-RW events was also soil-specific, with Alfisol soils showing no response and Mollisol and Vertisol soils decreasing after 4 D-RW events. Our results suggest that predicted changes in rainfall patterns and its interactions with soil type across the landscape will control short-term C and N mineralization responses in grasslands to a greater extent than atmospheric CO2-induced changes in litter C:N ratio for this common species of prairie grass. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Jin, Virginia L.] Univ Nebraska, ARS, USDA, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Haney, Richard L.; Fay, Philip A.; Polley, H. Wayne] ARS, USDA, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. RP Jin, VL (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, ARS, USDA, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, 137 Keim Hall,East Campus, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM Virginia.Jin@ars.usda.gov OI Fay, Philip/0000-0002-8291-6316 NR 69 TC 15 Z9 18 U1 5 U2 141 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-0717 J9 SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM JI Soil Biol. Biochem. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 58 BP 172 EP 180 DI 10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.11.024 PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 120GH UT WOS:000317158300022 ER PT J AU Jin, TC Guo, F Wang, Y Zhang, YZ AF Jin, Tengchuan Guo, Feng Wang, Yang Zhang, Yuzhu TI High-resolution crystal structure of human Dim2/TXNL4B SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION F-STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY AND CRYSTALLIZATION COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Dim2; TXNL4B; pre-mRNA splicing; human Dim1; U5-15kD ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; ALIGNMENT ALGORITHM; MOLECULAR GRAPHICS; PROTEIN; RNA; CRYSTALLIZATION; OVERPRODUCTION; PURIFICATION; REFINEMENT; PROGRAM AB TXNL4A (thioredoxin-like 4A) is an essential protein conserved from yeast to humans and is a component of the pre-mRNA splicing machinery. TXNL4B was identified as a TXNL4-family protein that also interacts with Prp6, an integral component of the U4/U6 center dot U5 tri-snRNP complex, and has been shown to function in pre-mRNA splicing. A crystal structure of TXNL4B was determined at 1.33 angstrom resolution and refined to an Rwork of 0.13 and an Rfree of 0.18 with one native dimer in the asymmetric unit. Residues 133 of TXNL4B have previously been reported to be responsible for its interaction with Prp6. However, this region extends to the -sheet core of the thioredoxin-fold structure of TXNL4B. This suggests that the interpretation of the previously reported GST pull-down results without considering the structure and stability of TXNL4B is debatable. C1 [Jin, Tengchuan; Guo, Feng; Wang, Yang; Zhang, Yuzhu] IIT, Dept Biol & Chem Sci, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. [Zhang, Yuzhu] ARS PWA WRRC, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Zhang, YZ (reprint author), IIT, Dept Biol & Chem Sci, 3101 South Dearborn St, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. EM yuzhu.zhang@ars.usda.gov RI Zhang, Yuzhu/A-7109-2009; Jin, Tengchuan/B-5883-2014 OI Zhang, Yuzhu/0000-0001-7882-5692; Jin, Tengchuan/0000-0002-1395-188X FU US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [W-31-109-Eng-38] FX X-ray diffraction data were collected on the Southeast Regional Collaborative Access Team (SER-CAT) 22-ID beamline at the Advanced Photon Source (APS), Argonne National Laboratory. Use of the APS was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract W-31-109-Eng-38. The mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1744-3091 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR F JI Acta Crystallogr. F-Struct. Biol. Cryst. Commun. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 69 BP 223 EP 227 DI 10.1107/S1744309113000973 PN 3 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 114MI UT WOS:000316745000002 PM 23519793 ER PT J AU Sainju, UM Lenssen, AW Barsotti, JL AF Sainju, Upendra M. Lenssen, Andrew W. Barsotti, Joy L. TI Dryland Malt Barley Yield and Quality Affected by Tillage, Cropping Sequence, and Nitrogen Fertilization SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID NORTHERN GREAT-PLAINS; SOIL ORGANIC-MATTER; LONG-TERM TILLAGE; SPRING BARLEY; SEEDING RATE; SEMIARID MONTANA; NO-TILL; SYSTEMS; MANAGEMENT; ECONOMICS AB Malt barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) yield and quality have been evaluated using various cultivars and N rates but little is known about the effects of tillage and cropping sequence. We evaluated the effects of tillage, cropping sequence, and N fertilization on dryland malt barley yield, grain characteristics, N uptake, and N use-efficiency from 2006 to 2011 in eastern Montana. Treatments were no-till continuous malt barley (NTCB), no-till malt barley-pea (Pisum sativum L.) (NTB-P), no-till malt barley-fallow (NTB-F), and conventional till malt barley-fallow (CTB-F), with split application of N rates (0,40, 80, and 120 kg N ha(-1)) in randomized complete block with three replications. As N rates increased, malt barley grain yield, protein concentration, and N uptake increased in NTB-F, NTB-P, and NTCB, but test weight, plumpness, and N-use efficiency decreased in all tillage and cropping sequence treatments. Similarly, plant stand, biomass (stems and leaves) yield, and N uptake increased with increased N rates. Grain and biomass yields, N uptake, and N-use efficiency were greater in CTB-F than in NTB-P and NTCB but tillage had no effect on these parameters. Malt barley yield and N uptake varied with cropping sequences and N rates among years. Although grain yield increased with increased N rates, NTB-P with N rates between 40 and 80 kg N ha(-1) may be used to sustain dryland malt barley yield and quality (protein concentration < 135 g kg(-1), plumpness > 800 g kg(-1)), thereby helping to reduce the potentials for soil erosion and N leaching and increase soil organic matter in the northern Great Plains. C1 [Sainju, Upendra M.; Barsotti, Joy L.] ARS, USDA, Northern Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. [Lenssen, Andrew W.] Iowa State Univ, Dep Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Sainju, UM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Northern Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. EM upendra.sainju@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS GRACEnet Project FX We sincerely acknowledge the help provided by Johnny Rieger and Christopher Russell for plot layout, collection of plant samples in the field, and analysis in the laboratory, and Mark Gaffri and Michael Johnson for managing the experimental plots that included tillage, fertilization, planting, herbicide and pesticide application, and harvest. We also acknowledge USDA-ARS GRACEnet Project for providing part of the fund to conduct this experiment. Mentioning the name of product is for the use of consumers only and does not necessarily contribute to an endorsement by USDA-ARS. USDA-ARS is an equal opportunity employer. NR 40 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 25 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2013 VL 105 IS 2 BP 329 EP 340 DI 10.2134/agronj2012.0343 PG 12 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 114CQ UT WOS:000316718900006 ER PT J AU He, ZQ Shankle, M Zhang, HL Way, TR Tewolde, H Uchimiya, M AF He, Zhongqi Shankle, Mark Zhang, Hailin Way, Thomas R. Tewolde, Haile Uchimiya, Minori TI Mineral Composition of Cottonseed is Affected by Fertilization Management Practices SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID POULTRY LITTER; AMMONIUM-NITRATE; BROILER LITTER; ORGANIC PHOSPHORUS; WHOLE COTTONSEED; PLANT-PARTS; SOIL; MANURE; HYDROLYSIS; NUTRITION AB Cottonseed and its products can be used as human food, animal feed, and industrial raw material. Chemical composition is one of the critical parameters to evaluate cottonseed's quality and potential end use. Whereas there are reports on the improvement of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) lint yield by poultry litter (PL) fertilization, there are no data about the impact of PL application on mineral composition of cottonseed. In this study, we collected seed samples in 2 yr from cotton fertilized with PL and chemical inorganic fertilizer (CIF) with or without winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cover crop (CC) at the Mississippi Agricultural and Forest Experiment Station. Contents of 18 elements (Al, As, B, C, Ca, Cd, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, N, Na, Ni, P, Pb, S, and Zn) and ash in these cottonseed samples were determined by inductively coupled plasma-based or dry combustion methods. Cover crop did not significantly impact the chemical composition of cottonseed. Compared to no fertilizer control, both CIF and PL altered the levels of Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, P (possibly Na and K), and ash contents but not C, N, Zn, Ni, Cd, Pb, Al, S, B and As. The impact of subsurface band vs. broadcast application methods or fall vs. spring application timing on mineral composition was not obvious. Cottonseed K, Mg, and P contents were higher with PL fertilization but lower with CIF than those of the control cottonseed (no fertilizer). The data of the three elements were highly correlated (alpha < 0.01), indicating the three elements were co-accumulated in cottonseed. C1 [He, Zhongqi; Uchimiya, Minori] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Tewolde, Haile] ARS, USDA, Crop Sci Res Lab, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Zhang, Hailin] Oklahoma State Univ, Dep Plant & Soil Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Way, Thomas R.] ARS, USDA, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. [Shankle, Mark] Mississippi State Univ, Pontotoc Ridge Flatwoods Branch, Expt Stn, Pontotoc, MS 38863 USA. RP He, ZQ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM zhongqi.he@ars.usda.gov OI He, Zhongqi/0000-0003-3507-5013 NR 43 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 21 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2013 VL 105 IS 2 BP 341 EP 350 DI 10.2134/agronj2012.0351 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 114CQ UT WOS:000316718900007 ER PT J AU Miner, GL Hansen, NC Inman, D Sherrod, LA Peterson, GA AF Miner, Grace L. Hansen, Neil C. Inman, Daniel Sherrod, Lucretia A. Peterson, G. A. TI Constraints of No-Till Dryland Agroecosystems as Bioenergy Production Systems SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SOIL ORGANIC-MATTER; GREAT-PLAINS; CORN STOVER; CROPPING INTENSIFICATION; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; ECOSYSTEM MODEL; RESIDUE REMOVAL; WATER STORAGE; CARBON; MANAGEMENT AB Soil erosion and loss of soil organic C (SOC) may limit the sustainable harvest of crop residues for biofuels from dryland systems in the semiarid Great Plains. The objective of this study was to evaluate the capabilities and constraints of harvesting residues from dryland systems. The study used observations from a long-term experiment in Colorado to examine biomass production from wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), corn (Zea mays L.), and grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] at three no-till sites in a winter wheat-corn-fallow (WCF) or winter wheat-sorghum-fallow cropping system. Modeling evaluated the impact of residue removal on erosion rates and SOC dynamics. The Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation and the Wind Erosion Equation were used to simulate erosion, and the DAYCENT model was used to estimate changes in SOC with residue removal. Biomass yield for WCF averaged 3.8 Mg ha(-1), divided into stover and grain yields of 2.2 and 1.6 Mg ha(-1). Water erosion was not shown to constrain residue harvest, but modeling indicated unsustainable wind erosion rates aft er removing 10 to 30% of corn residue. Simulations showed that up to 80% of wheat straw could be harvested without exceeding sustainable wind erosion rates. The major constraint to sustainable residue harvest is a residue return rate of 2.4 Mg ha(-1) yr(-1) of biomass to maintain SOC. C1 [Miner, Grace L.; Hansen, Neil C.; Peterson, G. A.] Colorado State Univ, Dep Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Inman, Daniel] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Sherrod, Lucretia A.] ARS, USDA, Agr Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. RP Hansen, NC (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dep Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM neil.hansen@colostate.edu NR 53 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 36 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2013 VL 105 IS 2 BP 364 EP 376 DI 10.2134/agronj2012.0243 PG 13 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 114CQ UT WOS:000316718900009 ER PT J AU Srinivas, RC Northup, BK AF Srinivas, Rao C. Northup, Brian K. TI Water Use by Grazed and Ungrazed Pigeon Pea is Similar SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SOUTHERN GREAT-PLAINS; WARM-SEASON LEGUMES; RESPONSES; FORAGE; GRAIN; DEFOLIATION; WHEAT; CAPABILITIES; BLUESTEM; QUALITY AB Water use by the warm-season annual pulse pigeon pea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp] must be described for this legume to be effectively used as grazed summer forage in the southern Great Plains (SGP). A study was conducted in central Oklahoma during 2008 to 2010 to quantify soil water content, water use, and water-use efficiency (WUE) in six grazed 0.41 ha paddocks planted to two short-duration cultivars (GA-2, MN-8). Exclosures (9 m(-2)) were established to measure biomass, and crossbred stocker cattle (n = 3) grazed the paddocks during August through October. Total water content in the upper 57.5 cm of soil was quantified by neutron density gauge at planting, flowering, and end of growing season (EOS), to calculate water use and WUE in producing aboveground biomass. Grazing main and interaction effects were not significant on available soil water (0.13 < p < 0.50), or water use (0.10 < p < 0.62). Cultivar x year x time of season interactions on water use were significant (p <= 0.02), due to 49% greater water use by MN-8 in 2008 (wettest year). Lowest water use within years occurred at flowering and the lowest overall occurred in 2009 (driest year). Year and time of season main effects on WUE were significant (p < 0.01); WUE in 2009 and 2010 (8.1 and 9.4 kg mm(-1), respectively) differed from 2008 (4.7 kg mm(-1)), and was lower at flowering than EOS (5.9 vs. 9.1 kg mm(-1)). Results showed conditions during growing seasons had greater effects on water use by short-duration pigeon pea than grazing or cultivar planted. C1 [Srinivas, Rao C.; Northup, Brian K.] ARS, USDA, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. RP Srinivas, RC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Grazinglands Res Lab, 7207 W Cheyenne St, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. EM srinivas.rao@ars.usda.gov FU southern SARE FX This research was supported, in part, by southern SARE. The authors would like to recognize ARS technicians Delmer Shantz and Kory Bollinger for their assistance in managing cattle, collecting, processing and analyzing samples. Mention of trademarks, proprietary products, or vendors does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of products by USDA and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that may be suitable. All programs and services of the USDA are offered on a nondiscriminatory basis, without regard to race, color, national origin, religion, sex, age, marital status, or handicap. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2013 VL 105 IS 2 BP 395 EP 400 DI 10.2134/agronj2012.0290 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 114CQ UT WOS:000316718900012 ER PT J AU Sindelar, AJ Lamb, JA Sheaffer, CC Rosen, CJ Jung, HG AF Sindelar, A. J. Lamb, J. A. Sheaffer, C. C. Rosen, C. J. Jung, H. G. TI Fertilizer Nitrogen Rate Effects on Nutrient Removal by Corn Stover and Cobs SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CROP RESIDUE; SOIL PRODUCTIVITY; POTASSIUM UPTAKE; YIELD RESPONSE; PLANT-PARTS; SILT LOAM; MOISTURE; EROSION; RUNOFF; ACCUMULATION AB The harvest of corn (Zea mays L.) stover and cobs for cellulosic ethanol production will likely accelerate the depletion of soil N, P, K, and S, thus increasing nutrient replacement costs. Fertilizer N rate is a management variable that may influence N, P, K, and S removed by corn cellulosic materials. The effects of fertilizer N rate on grain and cellulosic biomass yields have been reported for the Upper Midwest, but no information exists regarding its effects on stover and cob nutrient removal across a range of rates in diverse environments. Experiments were conducted in eight environments in Minnesota to determine the effect of fertilizer N rate on N, P, K, and S removal by corn stover ( leaves, stalks, husks, shanks, and tassels) and cobs. Removal of N, K, and S by stover and cobs generally increased as fertilizer N rate increased, although the response oft en differed among environments. Removal of P by stover and cobs decreased or did not change as fertilizer N rate increased. Harvesting 7.5 Mg ha(-1) of corn stover removed on average 46, 3.5, 76, and 3.7 kg ha(-1) of N, P, K, and S, respectively, while harvesting 1.5 Mg ha(-1) of cobs removed 6.1, 0.37, 9.5, and 0.38 kg ha(-1) of N, P, K, and S, respectively. The harvest of solely corn cobs would remove 9 to 12% less N, P, K, and S, and thus deplete soil nutrient pools at slower rates compared with the harvest of both stover and cobs. C1 [Sindelar, A. J.; Lamb, J. A.; Rosen, C. J.] Dep Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Sheaffer, C. C.; Jung, H. G.] Dep Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Jung, H. G.] ARS, USDA, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Sindelar, AJ (reprint author), Dep Soil Water & Climate, 439 Borlaug Hall,1991 Upper Buford Cir, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM sind0031@umn.edu RI Rosen, Carl/L-2622-2013 OI Rosen, Carl/0000-0002-0098-2230 FU Minnesota Corn Growers Research and Promotion Council FX We thank the Minnesota Corn Growers Research and Promotion Council for financial support of the study. We also thank Russell Severson, Steve Quiring, Phyllis Bongard, Andrew Scobbie, Thor Sellie, and Tom Graff for contributions to the study. NR 46 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 5 U2 38 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2013 VL 105 IS 2 BP 437 EP 445 DI 10.2134/agronj2012.0240 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 114CQ UT WOS:000316718900017 ER PT J AU Williams, MM Boydston, RA AF Williams, M. M., II Boydston, R. A. TI Intraspecific and Interspecific Competition in Sweet Corn SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID POPULATION DENSITY; PLANT-POPULATION; SHADE AVOIDANCE; MAIZE; YIELD; TOLERANCE; STRESS AB Competition among crop plants (i.e., intraspecific) and between crop and weed plants (i.e., interspecific) likely co-occurs in many sweet corn (Zea mays L.) fields; however, a fundamental understanding of the extent to which the crop is affected by the combination of these stresses is unknown. The objective of this work was to identify the extent to which seeding level influences the crop's tolerance to weed competition in terms of crop development, yield, and profitability. In field research in Illinois and Washington, two hybrids with different levels of tolerance to weed competition were planted each of 2 yr at five seeding levels each year and grown in the presence and absence of wild-proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.). The crop's ability to tolerate intraspecific and interspecific competition was additive, as evidenced by no significant interaction between seeding level and weed competition for thermal time to mid-silk, marketable ear number, marketable ear mass, and gross profit margin to the rocessor. Losses in gross profit margin due to weed competition alone ranged from $ 2,400 to $ 8,100 ha(-1). Hybrids used in this work showed differential tolerance to interspecific competition, but of the seeding levels tested, neither hybrid was consistently more tolerant to intraspecific competition. Across years and hybrids, the seeding level that consistently did not delay silking but maximized marketable ear number, marketable ear mass, and gross profit margin to the processor was 70,000 and 88,200 ha(-1) in Illinois and Washington, respectively. Improving weed management efficacy and genetic tolerance to competition off er two approaches to improving sweet corn productivity. C1 [Williams, M. M., II] ARS, USDA, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Boydston, R. A.] ARS, USDA, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. RP Williams, MM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 1102 S Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM mmwillms@illinois.edu NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 14 U2 118 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2013 VL 105 IS 2 BP 503 EP 508 DI 10.2134/agronj2012.0381 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 114CQ UT WOS:000316718900024 ER PT J AU Tapley, M Ortiz, BV van Santen, E Balkcom, KS Mask, P Weaver, DB AF Tapley, Mathew Ortiz, Brenda V. van Santen, Edzard Balkcom, Kipling S. Mask, Paul Weaver, David B. TI Location, Seeding Date, and Variety Interactions on Winter Wheat Yield in Southeastern United States SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID NINO SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; PLANTING DATE; SPRING WHEAT; GRAIN-YIELD; SOWING TIME; TEMPERATURE; PRECIPITATION; PATTERNS; SASKATCHEWAN; COMPONENTS AB In the Southeast, winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is typically planted from late October to early December. However, grain yield is reduced by an interaction of weather, soil, and plant factors. From 2009 to 2012 a study was conducted at three locations in Alabama to evaluate the seeding date effect on yield and yield components of three cultivars. The AGS 2060, AGS 2035, and Baldwin cultivars were evaluated within four seeding dates at approximately 15-d intervals. Results showed that grain yield, spikes per m(2), and kernel weight declined linearly with seeding delay; however, the impact changed among years and locations within a year. The variability of kernels per spike was location specific, in the north delayed planting resulted in a greater number of kernels per spike while the opposite occurred at the central and southern locations. At most location-year combinations, seeding 2 to 4 wk later than the Extension's best seeding date resulted in yield losses; especially if warm and dry conditions were prevalent during winter and spring months at locations with sandy loam soils. Under warm and dry growing conditions, the impact of delayed planting on yield and kernel weight was the greatest for Baldwin and AGS 2035 and least for the AGS 2060. In contrast, when cold and wet growing conditions were prevalent, there were not significant planting date differences on yield and yield components. Cultivar and seeding date should be selected on a location basis due to the plant interactions with soil and weather factors. C1 [Tapley, Mathew; Ortiz, Brenda V.; van Santen, Edzard; Mask, Paul; Weaver, David B.] Auburn Univ, Agron & Soils Dep, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Balkcom, Kipling S.] ARS, USDA, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. RP Ortiz, BV (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Agron & Soils Dep, 201 Funchess Hall, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM bortiz@auburn.edu NR 38 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 19 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2013 VL 105 IS 2 BP 509 EP 518 DI 10.2134/agronj2012.0379 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 114CQ UT WOS:000316718900025 ER PT J AU Tewolde, H Way, TR Pote, DH Adeli, A Brooks, JP Shankle, MW AF Tewolde, H. Way, T. R. Pote, D. H. Adeli, A. Brooks, J. P. Shankle, M. W. TI Method of Soil Sampling following Subsurface Banding of Solid Manures SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PHOSPHORUS-FERTILIZER; BANDED PHOSPHORUS AB Soil sampling guidelines do not exist for fields fertilized with solid manures applied in bands. The objective of this work was to describe the distribution of mineral nutrients and total C and propose a method of taking soil samples that represent the fertility level of a field following manure application in narrow bands below the soil surface. Systematic soil core samples were taken from no-till cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) plots fertilized with poultry litter in subsurface bands spaced approximate to 1 m apart and analyzed for total C, total N, and extractable P, K, Mg, Cu, Mn, Fe, and Zn. The results showed that total C and most of the mineral nutrients were not evenly or randomly distributed in the space between and across the bands because of the manure placement in narrow bands, nutrient movement away from the band, and plant uptake. Concentrations of P, K, Mg, Zn, Cu, and B in the soil samples taken over the band were elevated by up to 50 fold compared to the positions away from the band. This distribution shows that taking random soil samples from fields fertilized with manures in bands is not appropriate and that some systematic sampling schemes must be used to more accurately represent the soil nutrient status. We describe a new sampling method that takes into account the band width and the spacing between consecutive bands. The method is based on a proportional mixing of soil cores taken at predetermined distances from the manure band including one core directly over the band. C1 [Tewolde, H.; Adeli, A.; Brooks, J. P.] USDA ARS, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Way, T. R.] USDA ARS, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. [Pote, D. H.] USDA ARS, Booneville, AR 72927 USA. [Shankle, M. W.] Mississippi State Univ, Pontotoc, MS 38863 USA. RP Tewolde, H (reprint author), USDA ARS, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM haile.tewolde@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2013 VL 105 IS 2 BP 519 EP 526 DI 10.2134/agronj2012.0400n PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 114CQ UT WOS:000316718900026 ER PT J AU Palmroth, S Katul, GG Maier, CA Ward, E Manzoni, S Vico, G AF Palmroth, Sari Katul, Gabriel G. Maier, Chris A. Ward, Eric Manzoni, Stefano Vico, Giulia TI On the complementary relationship between marginal nitrogen and water-use efficiencies among Pinus taeda leaves grown under ambient and CO2-enriched environments SO ANNALS OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Elevated CO2; FACE; fertilization; leaf gas exchange; nitrogen; optimal stomatal conductance; pine; Pinus taeda; water-use efficiency ID ELEVATED CO2 CONCENTRATION; LEAF NITROGEN; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; CARBON GAIN; PHOTOSYNTHETIC DECLINE; MESOPHYLL CONDUCTANCE; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; LOBLOLLY-PINE; GAS-EXCHANGE; CANOPY AB Background and Aims Water and nitrogen (N) are two limiting resources for biomass production of terrestrial vegetation. Water losses in transpiration (E) can be decreased by reducing leaf stomatal conductance (g(s)) at the expense of lowering CO2 uptake (A), resulting in increased water-use efficiency. However, with more N available, higher allocation of N to photosynthetic proteins improves A so that N-use efficiency is reduced when g(s) declines. Hence, a trade-off is expected between these two resource-use efficiencies. In this study it is hypothesized that when foliar concentration (N) varies on time scales much longer than g(s), an explicit complementary relationship between the marginal water- and N-use efficiency emerges. Furthermore, a shift in this relationship is anticipated with increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration (c(a)). Methods Optimization theory is employed to quantify interactions between resource-use efficiencies under elevated c(a) and soil N amendments. The analyses are based on marginal water- and N-use efficiencies, lambda = (partial derivative A/partial derivative g(s))/(partial derivative E/partial derivative g(s)) and eta = partial derivative A/partial derivative N, respectively. The relationship between the two efficiencies and related variation in intercellular CO2 concentration (c(i)) were examined using A/c(i) curves and foliar N measured on Pinus taeda needles collected at various canopy locations at the Duke Forest Free Air CO2 Enrichment experiment (North Carolina, USA). Key Results Optimality theory allowed the definition of a novel, explicit relationship between two intrinsic leaf-scale properties where eta is complementary to the square-root of lambda. The data support the model predictions that elevated c(a) increased eta and lambda, and at given c(a) and needle age-class, the two quantities varied among needles in an approximately complementary manner. Conclusions The derived analytical expressions can be employed in scaling-up carbon, water and N fluxes from leaf to ecosystem, but also to derive transpiration estimates from those of eta, and assist in predicting how increasing c(a) influences ecosystem water use. C1 [Palmroth, Sari; Katul, Gabriel G.; Ward, Eric; Manzoni, Stefano] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Palmroth, Sari] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Forest Ecol & Management, SE-90183 Umea, Sweden. [Katul, Gabriel G.; Manzoni, Stefano; Vico, Giulia] Duke Univ, Civil & Environm Engn Dept, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Maier, Chris A.] US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, USDA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Vico, Giulia] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Crop Prod Ecol, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden. RP Palmroth, S (reprint author), Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Box 90328, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM sari.palmroth@duke.edu RI Manzoni, Stefano/C-5330-2009; Vico, Giulia/A-6296-2010; Katul, Gabriel/A-7210-2008; Ward, Eric/D-7131-2017 OI Manzoni, Stefano/0000-0002-5960-5712; Vico, Giulia/0000-0002-7849-2653; Katul, Gabriel/0000-0001-9768-3693; Ward, Eric/0000-0002-5047-5464 FU US Department of Agriculture [2011-67003-30222, FS-AGRMNT 09-CA-11330140-059]; US Department of Energy (DOE) through the Office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER) Terrestrial Carbon Processes (TCP) program [DE-FG02-95ER62083, DE-FC02-06ER64156]; National Science Foundation [NSF-EAR-10-13339, NSF-AGS-11-02227, NSF-CBET-10-33467]; Binational Agricultural Research Development fund [IS-4374-11C] FX This work was partially supported by the US Department of Agriculture (grant numbers 2011-67003-30222 and FS-AGRMNT 09-CA-11330140-059), the US Department of Energy (DOE) through the Office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER) Terrestrial Carbon Processes (TCP) program (grant numbers DE-FG02-95ER62083 and DE-FC02-06ER64156), the National Science Foundation (grant numbers NSF-EAR-10-13339, NSF-AGS-11-02227 and NSF-CBET-10-33467) and the Binational Agricultural Research Development fund (grant number IS-4374-11C). NR 52 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 83 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-7364 J9 ANN BOT-LONDON JI Ann. Bot. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 111 IS 3 BP 467 EP 477 DI 10.1093/aob/mcs268 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 113TP UT WOS:000316691800014 PM 23299995 ER PT J AU Brown-Brandl, TM Eigenberg, RA Purswell, JL AF Brown-Brandl, Tami M. Eigenberg, Roger A. Purswell, Joseph L. TI Using thermal imaging as a method of investigating thermal thresholds in finishing pigs SO BIOSYSTEMS ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY; HEAT-PRODUCTION; BLOOD-FLOW; TEMPERATURE AB Heat production from modem pigs has been determined to be significantly higher than previously reported. This increase in heat production changes the thermal needs of modem growing pigs. A study was designed to evaluate using surface temperatures as a method of determining heat tolerance of growing pigs based on changes in thermal images captured at different temperatures. Thermal images were taken of one hundred sixty group-penned pigs (26.9-62.2 kg) and twenty individual pigs (31.1-57.2 kg) on seven selected days covering a temperature range of 21.3 degrees C-36.6 degrees C. The thermal images were analysed to determine either average temperature (individual pigs) or high and low temperatures (group penned pigs). Surface temperatures were significantly affected by ambient temperature and response equations were developed. Breakpoint analysis revealed a threshold, thought to equate to the maximum value of the thermal neutral zone, ranging between 17.4 degrees C and 23.2 degrees C. It was concluded that thermal images could be successfully used to evaluate the thermal needs of pigs, and that further experiments need be conducted to validate thresholds as determined by thermal images. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of IAgrE. C1 [Brown-Brandl, Tami M.; Eigenberg, Roger A.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Purswell, Joseph L.] USDA ARS PRU, Mississippi State, MS USA. RP Brown-Brandl, TM (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, POB 166, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM tami.brownbrandl@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 14 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1537-5110 J9 BIOSYST ENG JI Biosyst. Eng. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 114 IS 3 BP 327 EP 333 DI 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2012.11.015 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 111JW UT WOS:000316518600014 ER PT J AU Chilcote, MW Goodson, KW Falcy, MR AF Chilcote, M. W. Goodson, K. W. Falcy, M. R. TI Reduced recruitment performance in natural populations of anadromous salmonids associated with hatchery-reared fish (vol 68, pg 511, 2011) SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Correction ID WILD STEELHEAD TROUT; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; ADULT STAGE C1 [Chilcote, M. W.] NOAA Fisheries, Salmon Management Div, Portland, OR 97232 USA. [Goodson, K. W.; Falcy, M. R.] Oregon Dept Fish & Wildlife, Salem, OR 97303 USA. RP Chilcote, MW (reprint author), US Forest Serv, POB 129, Girdwood, AK 99587 USA. EM mwchilcote@fs.fed.us NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0706-652X J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 70 IS 3 BP 513 EP 515 DI 10.1139/cjfas-2012-0542 PG 3 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 118RJ UT WOS:000317043200014 ER PT J AU Ghaffari, R Cannon, EKS Kanizay, LB Lawrence, CJ Dawe, RK AF Ghaffari, Rashin Cannon, Ethalinda K. S. Kanizay, Lisa B. Lawrence, Carolyn J. Dawe, R. Kelly TI Maize chromosomal knobs are located in gene-dense areas and suppress local recombination SO CHROMOSOMA LA English DT Article ID PREFERENTIAL SEGREGATION; REPETITIVE DNA; TANDEM REPEAT; MEIOTIC DRIVE; ZEA-MAYS; ASSOCIATION; POPULATION; GENOME; MAPS AB Knobs are conspicuous heterochromatic regions found on the chromosomes of maize and its relatives. The number, locations, and sizes of knobs vary dramatically, with most lines containing between four and eight knobs in mid-arm positions. Prior data suggest that some knobs may reduce recombination. However, comprehensive tests have not been carried out, primarily because most knobs have not been placed on the genetic map. We used fluorescent in situ hybridization and two recombinant inbred populations to map seven knobs and to accurately place three knobs from the B73 inbred on the genomic sequence assembly. The data show that knobs lie in gene-dense regions of the maize genome. Comparisons to 23 other recombinant inbred populations segregating for knobs at the same sites confirm that large knobs can locally reduce crossing over by as much as twofold on a cM/Mb scale. These effects do not extend beyond regions 10 cM to either side of knobs and do not appear to affect linkage disequilibrium among genes within and near knob repeat regions of the B73 RefGen_v2 assembly. C1 [Ghaffari, Rashin; Kanizay, Lisa B.; Dawe, R. Kelly] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Cannon, Ethalinda K. S.; Lawrence, Carolyn J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Genet Dev & Cell Biol, Ames, IA USA. [Lawrence, Carolyn J.] ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, USDA, Ames, IA USA. [Dawe, R. Kelly] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Dawe, RK (reprint author), Univ Georgia, 2502 Miller Plant Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM kelly@plantbio.uga.edu RI Lawrence, Carolyn/N-3367-2014 OI Lawrence, Carolyn/0000-0003-0069-1430 FU USA National Science Foundation [0951091, 1027527]; USDA-ARS FX We thank Dr. Michael McMullen for mapping knobs to genetic coordinates, as well as for his encouragement and advice. We thank Anousha Mesbah for creating the. NET program used to prepare Table 3. This work was supported by grants from the USA National Science Foundation (0951091 and 1027527) as well as the USDA-ARS. NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0009-5915 J9 CHROMOSOMA JI Chromosoma PD MAR PY 2013 VL 122 IS 1-2 BP 67 EP 75 DI 10.1007/s00412-012-0391-8 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 115PO UT WOS:000316824600006 PM 23223973 ER PT J AU Polyakov, VO Nearing, MA Hawdon, AA Wilkinson, SN Nichols, MH AF Polyakov, V. O. Nearing, M. A. Hawdon, A. A. Wilkinson, S. N. Nichols, M. H. TI Comparison of two stream gauging systems for measuring runoff and sediment yield for a semi-arid watershed SO EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS LA English DT Article DE sediment sampler; erosion; sediment yield; runoff; watershed; semiarid ID SMALL AGRICULTURAL WATERSHEDS; SUSPENDED-SEDIMENT; SAMPLING TECHNIQUES; FLASH FLOODS; HIGH-RATES; TRANSPORT; TURBIDITY; QUALITY; CATCHMENT; BEDLOAD AB Our ability to understand erosion processes in semi-arid ecosystems depends on establishing relationships between rainfall and runoff. This requires collection of extensive and accurate hydrologic and sediment data sets. A supercritical flume with a total load traversing slot sediment sampler used on several sites at the Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed (WGEW) near Tombstone, AZ has proven to be a reliable way to measure flow and sediment discharge from small watersheds. However, it requires installation of a costly structure that is only suitable for relatively small flows. A more commonly used method based on ease of installation and expense is the pump sampler. One example of this is a set of instrumentation developed by the Australian Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), in which the pump sediment sampler is part of an in-channel, fully automated system for measuring water velocity, depth, turbidity and collecting runoff samples. A 3.7ha arid watershed at WGEW was instrumented with both systems and hydrologic and sediment data were collected and compared during a 2year period. Total sediment yield for the entire period measured by the CSIRO pump sampler (11.6tha-1) was similar to that by traversing slot sampler (11.5tha-1). The pump sampler accurately estimated the amount of fine (< 0.5mm) sediment fractions exported, but consistently underestimated the coarse (>0.5mm) sediment fractions. Median sediment diameter of samples collected by traversing slot and pump sampler were 0.32 and 0.22mm, respectively. This study outlines the benefits and limitations of the pump sampler based system for monitoring sediment concentration and yield in high-energy headwater catchments, and makes recommendations for improvement of its performance. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Polyakov, V. O.; Nearing, M. A.; Nichols, M. H.] ARS, Southwest Watershed Res Ctr, USDA, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Hawdon, A. A.; Wilkinson, S. N.] CSIRO, Davies Lab, Townsville, Qld, Australia. RP Polyakov, VO (reprint author), ARS, Southwest Watershed Res Ctr, USDA, 2000 E Allen Rd, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. EM viktor.polyakov@ars.usda.gov RI Hawdon, Aaron/C-3189-2013; Wilkinson, Scott/C-6490-2011 OI Wilkinson, Scott/0000-0002-2879-8603 NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 39 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0197-9337 J9 EARTH SURF PROC LAND JI Earth Surf. Process. Landf. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 38 IS 4 BP 383 EP 390 DI 10.1002/esp.3287 PG 8 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 112DZ UT WOS:000316573700005 ER PT J AU Macfarlane, WW Logan, JA Kern, WR AF Macfarlane, William W. Logan, Jesse A. Kern, Wilson R. TI An innovative aerial assessment of Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem mountain pine beetle-caused whitebark pine mortality SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE aerial survey method; climate change impacts; Cronartium ribicola; Dendroctonus ponderosae; geographic information system, GIS; Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem; Mountain pine beetle; pest monitoring; Pinus albicaulis; rapid assessment system; whitebark pine; white pine bluster rust ID RED-ATTACK DAMAGE; RESOLUTION SATELLITE IMAGERY; NORTHERN ROCKY-MOUNTAINS; BLISTER RUST; DYNAMICS; CLIMATE; USA; INFESTATION; DISTURBANCE; OUTBREAK AB An innovative aerial survey method called the Landscape Assessment System (LAS) was used to assess mountain pine beetle (MPB; Dendroctonus ponderosae)-caused mortality of whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) across the species distribution in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE; 894 774 ha). This large-scale implementation of the LAS method consisted of 8673 km of flight lines, along which 4653 geo-tagged, oblique aerial photos were captured at the catchment level (a subset of 12-digit USGS hydrologic units) and geographic information system (GIS) processed. The Mountain Pine Beetle-caused Mortality Rating System, a landscape-scale classification system designed specifically to measure the cumulative effects of recent and older MPB attacks on whitebark pine, was used to classify mortality with a rating from 0 to 6 based on the amount of red (recent attack) and gray (old attack) trees visible. The approach achieved a photo inventory of 79% of the GYE whitebark pine distribution. For the remaining 21%, mortality levels were estimated based on an interpolated surface. Results that combine the photo-inventoried and interpolated mortality indicate that nearly half (46%) of the GYE whitebark pine distribution showed severe mortality (3-4 or 5.3-5.4 rating), 36% showed moderate mortality (2-2.9 rating), 13% showed low mortality (1-1.9 rating), and 5% showed trace levels of mortality (0-0.9). These results reveal that the proliferation of MPB in the subalpine zone of the GYE due to climate warming has led to whitebark pine mortality that is more severe and widespread than indicated from either previous modeling research or USDA Forest Service Aerial Detection surveys. Sixteen of the 22 major mountain ranges of the GYE have experienced widespread moderate-to-severe mortality. The majority of catchments in the other six mountain ranges show low-to-moderate mortality. Refugia from MPB outbreaks, at least for now, also exist and correspond to locations that have colder microclimates. The spatially explicit mortality information produced by this project has helped forest managers develop and implement conservation strategies that include both preservation and restoration efforts. Future research aimed at documenting and quantifying the ecological impacts of widespread decline and collapse of this foundation and keystone species is warranted. C1 [Macfarlane, William W.] Utah State Univ, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Logan, Jesse A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Emigrant, MT 59027 USA. [Kern, Wilson R.] Geo Graph, Logan, UT 84321 USA. RP Macfarlane, WW (reprint author), Utah State Univ, 5210 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM wally.macfarlane@gmail.com NR 55 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 3 U2 69 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 23 IS 2 BP 421 EP 437 PG 17 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 111ZC UT WOS:000316559800013 PM 23634592 ER PT J AU Hossack, BR Lowe, WH Honeycutt, RK Parks, SA Corn, PS AF Hossack, Blake R. Lowe, Winsor H. Honeycutt, R. Ken Parks, Sean A. Corn, Paul Stephen TI Interactive effects of wildfire, forest management, and isolation on amphibian and parasite abundance SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Ambystoma macrodactylum; amphibian decline; burn severity; disturbance; fragmentation; global climate change; isolation; nematode; protected areas; Rana luteiventris; synergistic effects; transmission ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; GLACIER-NATIONAL-PARK; DOUGLAS-FIR FORESTS; FRAGMENTED LANDSCAPE; PINE FORESTS; SHORT-TERM; LAND-USE; POPULATION; PATTERNS; HABITAT AB Projected increases in wildfire and other climate-driven disturbances will affect populations and communities worldwide, including host-parasite relationships. Research in temperate forests has shown that wildfire can negatively affect amphibians, but this research has occurred primarily outside of managed landscapes where interactions with human disturbances could result in additive or synergistic effects. Furthermore, parasites represent a large component of biodiversity and can affect host fitness and population dynamics, yet they are rarely included in studies of how vertebrate hosts respond to disturbance. To determine how wildfire affects amphibians and their parasites, and whether effects differ between protected and managed landscapes, we compared abundance of two amphibians and two nematodes relative to wildfire extent and severity around wetlands in neighboring protected and managed forests (Montana, USA). Population sizes of adult, male long-toed salamanders (Ambystoma macrodactylum) decreased with increased burn severity, with stronger negative effects on isolated populations and in managed forests. In contrast, breeding population sizes of Columbia spotted frogs (Rana luteiventris) increased with burn extent in both protected and managed protected forests. Path analysis showed that the effects of wildfire on the two species of nematodes were consistent with differences in their life history and transmission strategies and the responses of their hosts. Burn severity indirectly reduced abundance of soil-transmitted Cosmocercoides variabilis through reductions in salamander abundance. Burn severity also directly reduced C. variabilis abundance, possibly though changes in soil conditions. For the aquatically transmitted nematode Gyrinicola batrachiensis, the positive effect of burn extent on density of Columbia spotted frog larvae indirectly increased parasite abundance. Our results show that effects of wildfire on amphibians depend upon burn extent and severity, isolation, and prior land use. Through subsequent effects on the parasites, our results also reveal how changes in disturbance regimes can affect communities across trophic levels. C1 [Hossack, Blake R.; Corn, Paul Stephen] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Aldo Leopold Wilderness Res Inst, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. [Hossack, Blake R.; Honeycutt, R. Ken] Univ Montana, Wildlife Biol Program, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Lowe, Winsor H.] Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Parks, Sean A.] US Forest Serv, Aldo Leopold Wilderness Res Inst, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. RP Hossack, BR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Aldo Leopold Wilderness Res Inst, 790 East Beckwith Ave, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. EM blake_hossack@usgs.gov FU USGS Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative (ARMI) FX We thank N. Muhn and P. Scarr for their dedicated field efforts. We also thank J. Bettaso for help with necropsies, J. M. Kinsella for identifying nematodes, L. Swartz for her careful work in the lab, and R. Scherer for advice on capture-recapture modeling. Reviews by P. Johnson, P. Trenham, and three anonymous reviewers improved the manuscript. This research was performed under the University of Montana Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee permit no. 063-09WLDBS-010510. Funding was provided by the USGS Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative (ARMI). Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U. S. Government. This manuscript is ARMI contribution no. 414. NR 81 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 58 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 23 IS 2 BP 479 EP 492 PG 14 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 111ZC UT WOS:000316559800017 PM 23634596 ER PT J AU Christianson, L Helmers, M Bhandari, A Moorman, T AF Christianson, Laura Helmers, Matthew Bhandari, Alok Moorman, Thomas TI Internal hydraulics of an agricultural drainage denitrification bioreactor SO ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Denitrification bioreactor; Tracer test; Nitrate; Agricultural drainage ID NITRATE REMOVAL; PERFORMANCE; FLOW; EFFICIENCY; LOSSES; WALL AB Denitrification bioreactors to reduce the amount of nitrate-nitrogen in agricultural drainage are now being deployed across the U.S. Midwest. However, there are still many unknowns regarding internal hydraulic-driven processes in these engineered treatment systems. To improve this understanding, the internal flow dynamics and several environmental parameters of a denitrification bioreactor treating agricultural drainage in Northeastern Iowa, USA were investigated with two tracer tests and a network of bioreactor wells. The bioreactor had a trapezoidal cross section and received drainage from approximately 14.2 ha at the North East Research Farm near Nashua, Iowa. It was clear from the water surface elevations and the continuous pressure transducer data that flow was attenuated within the bioreactor (i.e., reduction in peak flow as the hydrograph moved down gradient). Over the sampling period from 17 May to 24 August 2011, flow conditions and internal parameters (temperature, dissolved oxygen, oxidation reduction potential) varied widely resulting in early samplings that showed little nitrate removal ranging to complete nitrate removal (7-100% mass reduction; 0.38-1.06 g N removed per m(3) bioreactor per day) and sulfate reduction at the final sampling event. The bioreactor's non-ideal flow regime due to ineffective volume utilization was a major detriment to nitrate removal at higher flow rates. Regression analysis between mass nitrogen reduction and theoretical retention time (7.5-79 h) suggested minimum design retention times should be increased, though caution was also issued about this as increased design retention times and corresponding larger bioreactors may exacerbate detrimental by-products under low flow conditions. Operationally, outlet structure level management could also be utilized to improve performance and minimize detrimental by-products. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Christianson, Laura; Helmers, Matthew] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Bhandari, Alok] Kansas State Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Moorman, Thomas] USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Christianson, L (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, 100 Davidson Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM lauraechristianson@gmail.com FU Leopold Center for Sustainable Agriculture; Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-67011-30648]; Coldwater Palmer Watershed Improvement Association FX Funding for this research was provided by the Leopold Center for Sustainable Agriculture. This project was also supported by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant No. 2011-67011-30648 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (pre-doctoral fellowship to lead author). Additional thanks goes to Chad Ingels and the Coldwater Palmer Watershed Improvement Association for funding the installation and monitoring equipment and to Ralph White and Ken Pecinovsky for site management. Lastly, the authors owe a significant debt of gratitude to Carl Pederson and Reid Christianson for assistance in the field. NR 42 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 44 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-8574 J9 ECOL ENG JI Ecol. Eng. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 52 BP 298 EP 307 DI 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2012.11.001 PG 10 WC Ecology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Engineering GA 115QO UT WOS:000316827200037 ER PT J AU Devine, WD Harrington, CA AF Devine, Warren D. Harrington, Constance A. TI Restoration release of overtopped Oregon white oak increases 10-year growth and acorn production SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Oregon white oak; Quercus garryana; Restoration; Release; Acorn production; Suppression ID DOUGLAS-FIR; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; QUERCUS-GARRYANA; WOODY ENCROACHMENT; TREE; SAVANNA; WASHINGTON; TRANSPIRATION; MORTALITY; SOIL AB In the Willamette Valley-Puget Trough-Georgia Basin ecoregion of the North American Pacific Northwest, there has been widespread encroachment of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) upon Oregon white oak (Quercus garryana) savanna and woodland stands that were historically maintained by frequent anthropogenic fire. Restoration of these stands requires removal of the Douglas-fir overstory, although there is little information on how oak trees that have been suppressed for decades respond to release. Our objective was to evaluate the 10-year response of oak trees to three release treatments from overtopping Douglas-fir in a study replicated at four western Washington sites. Treatments were: full release (removal of all Douglas-fir within a radius equal to the oak's height), half release (removal of Douglas-fir within a half-height radius), and thin only (stand-level commercial thinning of the Douglas-fir overstory; oaks not targeted for release). Periodic diameter growth of oak trees in the full-release treatment was significantly greater (by as much as 243%) than that in the other treatments and increased with time since treatment. Oak height and crown area growth rates were not influenced by treatment, but larger pre-treatment crown size was associated with greater post-treatment diameter growth and acorn production. Full release increased acorn production compared to thin only in years when region-wide production was moderate to high (5 of 9 years); half release increased production relative to thin only in 2 of 9 years, but to a lesser degree. Height growth of residual Douglas-fir trees was greater than that of oak trees in all treatments. The increasing post-treatment growth rate of the fully released oak trees and their increased acorn production indicate the capacity of long-suppressed Oregon white oak to rapidly recover following complete removal of a conifer overstory. The oak trees showed no negative effects following the dramatic change in environment associated with this treatment. Thus, a single-entry, complete release from overtopping conifers was effective in restoring overstory structure and composition, which is an initial step in restoration of invaded oak woodland or savanna. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Harrington, Constance A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. RP Devine, WD (reprint author), 3625 93rd Ave SW, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. EM wdevine27@yahoo.com; charrington@fs.fed.us FU Joint Base Lewis-McChord FX We thank Joint Base Lewis-McChord for financial support and for hosting the study. We also thank our team members for assistance in installing and measuring the study, especially Christel Kern, who took the lead in study establishment. We thank Robert Fimbel, Jeffrey Foster, Christel Kern, and Pat Cunningham for reviewing an earlier version of the manuscript. NR 54 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 34 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD MAR 1 PY 2013 VL 291 BP 87 EP 95 DI 10.1016/j.foreco2012.10.053 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 115QR UT WOS:000316827500009 ER PT J AU Silver, EJ D'Amato, AW Fraver, S Palik, BJ Bradford, JB AF Silver, Emily J. D'Amato, Anthony W. Fraver, Shawn Palik, Brian J. Bradford, John B. TI Structure and development of old-growth, unmanaged second-growth, and extended rotation Pinus resinosa forests in Minnesota, USA SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Coarse woody debris; Extended rotation forestry; Forest structure; Old growth; Pinus resinosa; Tree size distributions ID COARSE WOODY DEBRIS; DOUGLAS-FIR FORESTS; NORTHERN HARDWOOD FORESTS; TREE-SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; WESTERN OREGON; DEAD WOOD; STAND STRUCTURE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; DISTURBANCE; DYNAMICS AB The structure and developmental dynamics of old-growth forests often serve as important baselines for restoration prescriptions aimed at promoting more complex structural conditions in managed forest landscapes. Nonetheless, long-term information on natural patterns of development is rare for many commercially important and ecologically widespread forest types. Moreover, the effectiveness of approaches recommended for restoring old-growth structural conditions to managed forests, such as the application of extended rotation forestry, has been little studied. This study uses several long-term datasets from old growth, extended rotation, and unmanaged second growth Pinus resinosa (red pine) forests in northern Minnesota, USA, to quantify the range of variation in structural conditions for this forest type and to evaluate the effectiveness of extended rotation forestry at promoting the development of late-successional structural conditions. Long-term tree population data from permanent plots for one of the old-growth stands and the extended rotation stands (87 and 61 years, respectively) also allowed for an examination of the long-term structural dynamics of these systems. Old-growth forests were more structurally complex than unmanaged second-growth and extended rotation red pine stands, due in large part to the significantly higher volumes of coarse woody debris (70.7 vs. 11.5 and 4.7 m(3)/ha, respectively) and higher snag basal area (6.9 vs. 2.9 and 0.5 m(2)/ha, respectively). In addition, old-growth forests, although red pine-dominated, contained a greater abundance of other species, including Pinus strobus, Abies balsamea, and Picea glauca relative to the other stand types examined. These differences between stand types largely reflect historic gap-scale disturbances within the old-growth systems and their corresponding structural and compositional legacies. Nonetheless, extended rotation thinning treatments, by accelerating advancement to larger tree diameter classes, generated diameter distributions more closely approximating those found in old growth within a shorter time frame than depicted in long-term examinations of old-growth structural development. These results suggest that extended rotation treatments may accelerate the development of old-growth structural characteristics, provided that coarse woody debris and snags are deliberately retained and created on site. These and other developmental characteristics of old-growth systems can inform forest management when objectives include the restoration of structural conditions found in late-successional forests. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Silver, Emily J.; D'Amato, Anthony W.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Fraver, Shawn; Palik, Brian J.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. [Bradford, John B.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Silver, EJ (reprint author), Univ Maine, Sch Forest Resources, 5755 Nutting Hall, Orono, ME 04469 USA. EM silve314@umn.edu; damato@umn.edu; sfraver@fs.fed.us; bpalik@fs.fed.us; jbradford@usgs.gov RI Bradford, John/E-5545-2011 FU (US) National Fire Plan; US Forest Service Northern Research Station; University of Minnesota Graduate School Fellowship FX We would like to thank R. Blanchette, M. Fulton, C. Gronewold, and R. Marty for assistance with various aspects of the study, and we thank T. Aakala, A. Berger, M. Curzon, J. Foster, A. Huff, A. Milo, and L. Reuling for assistance in the field and D. Kastendick, J. Kragethorpe, S. Mann, and K. Budrow for the chronosequence data collection. This study would not have been possible without the foresight of John H. Allison, P. Zehngraff, Z. Zasada, R. Buckman, J. Benzie, J. Zasada, R. Barse, and J. Elioff. Support was provided by the (US) National Fire Plan, the US Forest Service Northern Research Station, and a University of Minnesota Graduate School Fellowship (to E.S.). Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 66 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 6 U2 54 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD MAR 1 PY 2013 VL 291 BP 110 EP 118 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2012.11.033 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 115QR UT WOS:000316827500011 ER PT J AU Woodall, CW Zhu, K Westfall, JA Oswalt, CM D'Amato, AW Walters, BF Lintz, HE AF Woodall, C. W. Zhu, K. Westfall, J. A. Oswalt, C. M. D'Amato, A. W. Walters, B. F. Lintz, H. E. TI Assessing the stability of tree ranges and influence of disturbance in eastern US forests SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Canopy gaps; Climate change; Disturbance; Tree range retreat; Tree species migration; Seedlings ID RECENT CLIMATE-CHANGE; OAK DISTRIBUTION; MIGRATION RATES; SHIFTS; BIODIVERSITY; 20TH-CENTURY; SCENARIOS; EXPANSION; RESPONSES; HABITAT AB Shifts in tree species ranges may occur due to global climate change, which in turn may be exacerbated by natural disturbance events. Within the context of global climate change, developing techniques to monitor tree range dynamics as affected by natural disturbances may enable mitigation/adaptation of projected impacts. Using a forest inventory across the eastern U.S., the northern range margins of tree distributions were examined by comparing differences in the 95th percentile locations of seedlings to adults (i.e., trees) by 0.5 degrees longitudinal bands over 5-years and by levels of disturbance (i.e., canopy gap formation). Our results suggest that the monitoring of tree range dynamics is complicated by the limits of forest inventory data across varying spatial/temporal scales and the diversity of tree species/environments in the eastern U.S. The vast majority of tree and seedling latitudinal comparisons across measurement periods and levels of disturbance in the study were not statistically different from zero (53 out of 60 comparisons). A potential skewing of ranges towards a northern limit was suggested by the stability of northern margins of tree ranges found in this study and shifts in mean locations identified in previous work. Only a partial influence of disturbances on tree range dynamics during the course of the 5-years was found in this study. The results of this study underscore the importance of continued examination of the role of disturbance in tree range dynamics and refined range monitoring techniques given future forest extent and biodiversity implications. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Woodall, C. W.; Walters, B. F.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Forest Inventory & Anal Program, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Zhu, K.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Westfall, J. A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Forest Inventory & Anal Program, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. [Oswalt, C. M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Forest Inventory & Anal Program, Knoxville, TN 37919 USA. [D'Amato, A. W.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Lintz, H. E.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Woodall, CW (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Forest Inventory & Anal Program, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM cwoodall@fs.fed.us RI Zhu, Kai/H-1022-2013; OI Zhu, Kai/0000-0003-1587-3317; Woodall, Christopher/0000-0001-8076-6214 NR 59 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 7 U2 66 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD MAR 1 PY 2013 VL 291 BP 172 EP 180 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2012.11.047 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 115QR UT WOS:000316827500018 ER PT J AU Vose, JM Wear, DN Mayfield, AE Nelson, CD AF Vose, James M. Wear, David N. Mayfield, Albert E., III Nelson, C. Dana TI Hemlock woolly adelgid in the southern Appalachians: Control strategies, ecological impacts, and potential management responses SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Review DE Virulent pest; Ecosystem structure and function; Decision analysis; Keystone species; Novel management ID EASTERN NORTH-AMERICA; TSUGA-CANADENSIS L.; COARSE WOODY DEBRIS; UNITED-STATES; NEW-ENGLAND; COLEOPTERA DERODONTIDAE; RHODODENDRON-MAXIMUM; HEMIPTERA ADELGIDAE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; LONG-TERM AB Hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae Annad; or HWA) is a non-native invasive pest that attacks and kills eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis (L) Carriere) and Carolina hemlock (Tsuga caroliniana Engelm.). Hemlock is a "foundation species" due to its strong influence on ecosystem structure and function, especially in riparian areas. HWA management involves the integrated use of multiple approaches including chemical control, biological control, cultural treatments, host resistance, and host gene conservation. Despite extensive control efforts, large areas in the eastern US, but especially in the southern Appalachian region, have experienced extensive hemlock mortality. Most of the short-term impacts of HWA induced mortality on ecosystem structure and function are localized and small; however, long-term impacts such as large pulses of woody debris and changes in species composition that impact structure and function could be significant. Using a decision analysis framework, land managers should begin to strategically implement land management decisions to address observed short-term impacts and plan and manage for projected longer-term impacts. In order to maintain ecosystem services in response to long-term impacts, restoration efforts may require novel approaches, such as the introduction of non-native species, facilitated movement of native species to new habitats (e.g., white pine), and aggressive management of existing species (e.g., Rhododendron) with mechanical removal, fire, or chemicals. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Vose, James M.; Wear, David N.] N Carolina State Univ, Ctr Integrated Forest Sci & Synth, USDA Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn,Dept Forestry & Environm Resourc, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Mayfield, Albert E., III] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. [Nelson, C. Dana] US Forest Serv, Southern Inst Forest Genet, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Saucier, MS 39574 USA. RP Vose, JM (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Ctr Integrated Forest Sci & Synth, USDA Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn,Dept Forestry & Environm Resourc, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM jvose@fs.fed.us NR 81 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 6 U2 90 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD MAR 1 PY 2013 VL 291 BP 209 EP 219 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2012.11.002 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 115QR UT WOS:000316827500022 ER PT J AU Harmon, ME Fasth, B Woodall, CW Sexton, J AF Harmon, Mark E. Fasth, Becky Woodall, Christopher W. Sexton, Jay TI Carbon concentration of standing and downed woody detritus: Effects of tree taxa, decay class, position, and tissue type SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Angiosperm; Bark; Carbon; Coarse woody debris; Gymnosperm; Wood ID FOREST; DEBRIS; DECOMPOSITION; MASS AB The degree to which carbon concentration (CC) of woody detritus varies by tree taxa, stage of decay, tissue type (i.e., bark versus wood), and vertical orientation was examined in samples of 60 tree species from the Northern Hemisphere. The mean CC of 257 study samples was 49.3% with a range of 43.4-56.8%. Angiosperms had a significantly lower CC than gymnosperms, with means of 47.8% and 50.6%, respectively. For whole-stems (i.e., wood and bark), the CC of gymnosperms significantly increased from 49.3% to 53.5% with decomposition, while angiosperms had no significant change. The CC of bark was higher than wood across all stages of decay by an average of similar to 1.0%. A similar magnitude of difference was found for standing versus downed dead wood in the later stages of decay, with the former having a higher CC than the latter. Differences between angiosperms and gymnosperms are hypothesized to be associated with initial lignin concentrations as well as subsequent decomposition by white- versus brown-rot fungal functional groups. The higher abundance of brown-rots in decomposing gymnosperms may lead to an increase in lignin concentrations, a compound that has higher CC than cellulose. As a result of these findings, uncertainties associated with forest carbon inventories may be reduced by using detrital CC specific to general taxa (angiosperms versus gymnosperms) and stage of decay rather than a single assumed value of 50% as commonly practiced. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Harmon, Mark E.; Fasth, Becky; Sexton, Jay] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Woodall, Christopher W.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Harmon, ME (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, 321 Richardson Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM Mark.Harmon@oregonstate.edu OI Woodall, Christopher/0000-0001-8076-6214 FU USDA Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis; Oregon State University [10-JV-11242305-017]; USDA Forest Service; National Science Foundation Long-term Studies Program [DEB-0823380] FX This work was funded by joint venture agreement between the USDA Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis and Oregon State University (10-JV-11242305-017). Additional funding was provided by the USDA Forest Service and National Science Foundation Long-term Studies Program (DEB-0823380) for sample collection and processing. We wish to thank the many people that helped collect and process the samples used in this analysis. We also thank Steve Perakis, Peter Homann, and Randy Kolka for analyzing C concentrations on wood standards for our laboratory comparison. NR 32 TC 18 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 53 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD MAR 1 PY 2013 VL 291 BP 259 EP 267 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2012.11.046 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 115QR UT WOS:000316827500027 ER PT J AU Powers, EM Marshall, JD Zhang, JW Wei, L AF Powers, Elizabeth M. Marshall, John D. Zhang, Jianwei Wei, Liang TI Post-fire management regimes affect carbon sequestration and storage in a Sierra Nevada mixed conifer forest SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Carbon flux; Carbon storage; Forest management; Fire; Climate change ID TERM SOIL PRODUCTIVITY; UNITED-STATES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; FIRE SEVERITY; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; RED FIR; BIOMASS; IMPACT; POOLS AB Forests mitigate climate change by sequestering CO2 from the atmosphere and accumulating it in biomass storage pools. However, in dry conifer forests, fire occasionally returns large quantities of CO2 to the atmosphere. Both the total amount of carbon stored and its susceptibility to loss may be altered by post-fire land management strategies. Forest managers face a great challenge when asked to manage these lands for C sequestration and simultaneously reduce fire hazard. The objective of our study was to understand how differing post-fire management strategies affect C sequestration and the size of storage pools in the 10 years after a wildfire in a Sierra Nevada mixed-conifer forest. Post-fire management regimes included: (1) salvage-logged, planted, and intensively managed plantation (IM); (2) salvage-logged and planted (SP); (3) no salvage (NS); and (4) green canopy (GC), where fire burned through, but 95% of the overstory trees survived. Carbon sequestration and storage were estimated from measurements of individual ecosystem carbon pools. These pools included: aboveground trees, saplings, snags, stumps, and understory, coarse wood and fine wood, duff, and soil. We found total ecosystem carbon storage was 282 +/- 15 Mg ha(-1) of C in the NS treatment, 206 +/- 31 Mg ha(-1) in the GC, 137 +/- 13 Mg ha(-1) in the SP, and 101 +/- 15 Mg ha(-1) in the IM treatment. There were no significant treatment differences in C storage among the pools that would constitute labile/fine fuels, but there were differences in recalcitrant (coarse fuel) C pools. The greatest C storage in recalcitrant C pools was 258 +/- 10 Mg ha(-1) in the NS and 197 +/- 30 Mg ha(-1) in the GC treatments. Post-fire carbon sequestration rates were 1.6 +/- 0.7 Mg ha(-1) - year(-1) of C in the GC, 0.7 +/- 0.3 Mg ha(-1) year(-1) in the SP, 0.5 +/- 0.1 Mg ha(-1) year(-1) in the NS, and 0.5 +/- 0.1 Mg ha(-1) year(-1) in the IM treatments, but these differences were not statistically significant. Tree carbon sequestration rates were highest in the GC treatment and lowest in the NS treatment. Overall, our results suggest that a mature green-canopy stand provides most benefit in terms of C sequestration, wildfire resilience, and other ecosystem services at a point 10 years after severe wildfire. For forests that suffer high fire mortality, unsalvaged (NS) stands will retain the most carbon onsite. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Powers, Elizabeth M.; Marshall, John D.; Wei, Liang] Univ Idaho, Dept Forest Ecol & Biogeosci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Zhang, Jianwei] USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Redding, CA 96002 USA. RP Powers, EM (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Forest Ecol & Biogeosci, POB 441133, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM epowers@vandals.uidaho.edu; jdm@uidaho.edu; jianweizhang@fs.fed.us; liangwei@vandals.uidaho.edu RI Wei, Liang/K-3522-2015 OI Wei, Liang/0000-0001-8967-5036 FU USDA Forest Service Lassen National Forest FX We would like to acknowledge Martin Ritchie and Travis Springer from the Pacific Southwest Research Station, Redding, CA, John Zarlengo from the Almanor Ranger District, Lassen National Forest, CA, and Bob Rynearson from W.M. Beaty and Associates for their contributions. This study was made possible with funding from the USDA Forest Service Lassen National Forest. NR 57 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 72 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD MAR 1 PY 2013 VL 291 BP 268 EP 277 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2012.07.038 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 115QR UT WOS:000316827500028 ER PT J AU Iwashita, DK Litton, CM Giardina, CP AF Iwashita, Darcey K. Litton, Creighton M. Giardina, Christian P. TI Coarse woody debris carbon storage across a mean annual temperature gradient in tropical montane wet forest SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Aboveground carbon storage; Climate change; Hawaii; Metrosideros polymorpha; Tree fern ID GLOBAL ATMOSPHERIC CHANGE; ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS; NUTRIENT DYNAMICS; BRAZILIAN AMAZON; LOGGED FORESTS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; RAIN-FOREST; STOCKS; ECOSYSTEMS; BALANCE AB Coarse woody debris (CWD; defined here as fallen and standing dead trees and tree ferns) is a critical structural and functional component of forest ecosystems that typically comprises a large proportion of total aboveground carbon (C) storage. However, CWD estimates for the tropics are uncommon, and little is known about how C storage in CWD will respond to climate change. Given the predominant role that tropical forests play in global C cycling, this information gap compromises efforts to forecast climate change impacts on terrestrial C balance. The primary objectives of this study were to: (i) quantify CWD C storage in a tropical montane wet forest; and (ii) determine if CWD C storage varies with mean annual temperature (MAT). Coarse woody debris C was quantified with line-intercept sampling techniques in nine permanent plots located across a highly constrained 5.2 degrees C MAT gradient spanning 800 m elevation on the eastern slope of Mauna Kea Volcano, Island of Hawaii. Forests across this tropical montane MAT gradient contained large quantities of CWD C (44.3 +/- 11.2 Mg ha(-1); Mean +/- 1 SE), which accounted for an estimated 17% of total aboveground C storage. Across the entire gradient, CWD C was found primarily as: moderately decayed CWD (Decay Class 2); tree CWD; fallen CWD; and small diameter CWD (2-10 cm). Tree ferns accounted for an average of similar to 20% of total CWD C, but are rarely included in tropical CWD estimates. Overall, total CWD C ranged from 12.2 to 104.6 Mg ha(-1) across the MAT gradient, and decreased with increasing MAT. The negative relationship between CWD and MAT was driven by large accumulations of standing tree CWD at cooler MATs, as fallen CWD did not vary with MAT. The results presented here are in line with limited evidence from tropical studies showing that CWD can make up a large fraction of total aboveground C storage. In addition, these data suggest that CWD could become a net C source to the atmosphere in tropical forests with future warming. A decrease in tropical montane CWD C storage would have important implications for global C dynamics and atmospheric CO2 levels. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Iwashita, Darcey K.; Litton, Creighton M.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Management, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Giardina, Christian P.] US Forest Serv, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, USDA, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Litton, CM (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Management, 1910 East West Rd, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM litton@hawaii.edu RI Giardina, Christian/C-3120-2011 OI Giardina, Christian/0000-0002-3431-5073 FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0816486]; USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry [09-JV-11272177-029]; College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Mama via the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Hatch and McIntire-Stennis Programs [HAW00132-H, HAW00188-M] FX This study was funded by the National Science Foundation (Ecosystem Science Program; DEB-0816486); the USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry (Research Joint Venture 09-JV-11272177-029); and the College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Mama via the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Hatch and McIntire-Stennis Programs (HAW00132-H and HAW00188-M). We thank the USDA Forest Service and State of Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, Division of Forestry and Wildlife for access to the Hawaii Experimental Tropical Forest, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service for access to Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge; Sharon Ziegler-Chong, Ulu Ching, and Noelani Puniwai of the University of Hawaii Pacific Internship Program for Exploring Science (UH-PIPES) for logistical support; and Mike Long, Kevin Kaneshiro, Rachel Moseley, Joey Quitan, Olivia Schubert, Bernice Hwang, Cheyenne Perry, Keali'i Sagum, Nathaniel Friday, Isaac Ito, Laura Super, Arthur Khamsing, Kaimikila Moraes, Anne Tan, Servillano Lamer, Ikaika Akana, Scott Laursen, and Lisa Ellsworth for field and laboratory assistance. NR 60 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 5 U2 56 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD MAR 1 PY 2013 VL 291 BP 336 EP 343 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2012.11.043 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 115QR UT WOS:000316827500035 ER PT J AU Churchill, DJ Larson, AJ Dahlgreen, MC Franklin, JF Hessburg, PF Lutz, JA AF Churchill, Derek J. Larson, Andrew J. Dahlgreen, Matthew C. Franklin, Jerry F. Hessburg, Paul F. Lutz, James A. TI Restoring forest resilience: From reference spatial patterns to silvicultural prescriptions and monitoring SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Spatial pattern; Resilience; Fuels treatments; Forest restoration; Climate analogs; Reference conditions ID PONDEROSA PINE FORESTS; WESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; MIXED-CONIFER FORESTS; ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION TREATMENTS; COLORADO FRONT RANGE; UNITED-STATES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; DOUGLAS-FIR; VEGETATION DISTRIBUTION; BEETLE INFESTATIONS AB Stand-level spatial pattern influences key aspects of resilience and ecosystem function such as disturbance behavior, regeneration, snow retention, and habitat quality in frequent-fire pine and mixed-conifer forests. Reference sites, from both pre-settlement era reconstructions and contemporary forests with active fire regimes, indicate that frequent-fire forests are complex mosaics of individual trees, tree clumps, and openings. There is a broad scientific consensus that restoration treatments should seek to restore this mosaic pattern in order to restore resilience and maintain ecosystem function. Yet, methods to explicitly incorporate spatial reference information into restoration treatments are not widely used. In addition, targets from reference conditions must be critically evaluated in light of climate change. We used a spatial clump identification algorithm to quantify reference patterns based on a specified inter-tree distance that defines when trees form clumps. We used climatic water balance parameters, down-scaled climate projections, and plant associations to assess our historical reference sites in the context of projected future climate and identify climate analog reference conditions. Spatial reference information was incorporated into a novel approach to prescription development, tree marking, and monitoring based on viewing stand structure and pattern in terms of individuals, clumps, and openings (ICO) in a mixed-conifer forest restoration case study. We compared the results from the ICO approach with simulations of traditional basal area and spacing-based thinning prescriptions in terms of agreement with reference conditions and functional aspects of resilience. The ICO method resulted in a distribution of tree clumps and openings within the range of reference patterns, while the basal area and spacing approaches resulted in uniform patterns inconsistent with known reference conditions. Susceptibility to insect mortality was lower in basal area and spacing prescriptions, but openings and corresponding opportunities for regeneration and in situ climate adaptation were fewer. Operationally, the method struck a balance between providing clear targets for spatial pattern directly linked to reference conditions, sufficient flexibility to achieve other restoration objectives, and implementation efficiency. The need to track pattern targets during implementation and provide immediate feedback to marking crews was a key lesson. The ICO method, especially when used in combination with climate analog reference targets, offers a practical approach to restoring spatial patterns that are likely to enhance resilience and climate adaptation. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Churchill, Derek J.; Franklin, Jerry F.] Univ Washington, Coll Environm, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Larson, Andrew J.] Univ Montana, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Dept Forest Management, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Dahlgreen, Matthew C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. [Hessburg, Paul F.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. [Lutz, James A.] Univ Washington, Coll Environm, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Churchill, DJ (reprint author), Univ Washington, Coll Environm, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM derekch@uw.edu RI Lutz, James/B-3785-2012 FU NSF IGERT [DGE-0654252] FX We thank Richy Harrod and Brad McRae for sharing data from their reconstruction plots. We thank David L. Peterson, Jon Bakker, Amy Waltz, Kerry Melten, and Rick Brown, and two anonymous reviewers for constructive and helpful reviews. We especially acknowledge Dave Lucas and Miles Porter for their willingness to do the tree marking and assist with stem mapping. Funding was provided by NSF IGERT Grant: DGE-0654252. Jodi Leingang from the Naches Ranger District of the Okanogan-Wenatchee National Forest provided key staffing resources. Bert Loosmore developed the R code for the clumping algorithm. Ryan Huago assisted with stem mapping. NR 146 TC 58 Z9 60 U1 11 U2 125 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD MAR 1 PY 2013 VL 291 BP 442 EP 457 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2012.11.007 PG 16 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 115QR UT WOS:000316827500046 ER PT J AU Kolmer, J AF Kolmer, James TI Leaf Rust of Wheat: Pathogen Biology, Variation and Host Resistance SO FORESTS LA English DT Review DE Puccina; cereal rust fungi ID FUNGUS PUCCINIA-TRITICINA; F SP TRITICI; VIRULENCE PHENOTYPES; UNITED-STATES; STEM RUST; PHYSIOLOGICAL SPECIALIZATION; MOLECULAR POLYMORPHISM; NORTH-AMERICA; COMMON WHEAT; RECONDITA AB Rusts are important pathogens of angiosperms and gymnosperms including cereal crops and forest trees. With respect to cereals, rust fungi are among the most important pathogens. Cereal rusts are heteroecious and macrocyclic requiring two taxonomically unrelated hosts to complete a five spore stage life cycle. Cereal rust fungi are highly variable for virulence and molecular polymorphism. Leaf rust, caused by Puccinia triticina is the most common rust of wheat on a worldwide basis. Many different races of P. triticina that vary for virulence to leaf rust resistance genes in wheat differential lines are found annually in the US. Molecular markers have been used to characterize rust populations in the US and worldwide. Highly virulent races of P. triticina are selected by leaf rust resistance genes in the soft red winter wheat, hard red winter wheat and hard red spring wheat cultivars that are grown in different regions of the US. Cultivars that only have race-specific leaf rust resistance genes that are effective in seedling plants lose their effective resistance and become susceptible within a few years of release. Cultivars with combinations of race non-specific resistance genes have remained resistant over a period of years even though races of the leaf rust population have changed constantly. C1 USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55113 USA. RP Kolmer, J (reprint author), USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55113 USA. EM jim.kolmer@ars.usda.gov NR 43 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 6 U2 80 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1999-4907 J9 FORESTS JI Forests PD MAR PY 2013 VL 4 IS 1 BP 70 EP 84 DI 10.3390/f4010070 PG 15 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 112QA UT WOS:000316606100004 ER PT J AU Ritchie, MW Zhang, JW Hamilton, TA AF Ritchie, Martin W. Zhang, Jianwei Hamilton, Todd A. TI Aboveground Tree Biomass for Pinus ponderosa in Northeastern California SO FORESTS LA English DT Article DE allometry; foliage; crown biomass; silvicultural thinning; component ratio ID PRESCRIBED FIRE; FOREST AB Forest managers need accurate biomass equations to plan thinning for fuel reduction or energy production. Estimates of carbon sequestration also rely upon such equations. The current allometric equations for ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) commonly employed for California forests were developed elsewhere, and are often applied without consideration potential for spatial or temporal variability. Individual-tree aboveground biomass allometric equations are presented from an analysis of 79 felled trees from four separate management units at Blacks Mountain Experimental Forest: one unthinned and three separate thinned units. A simultaneous set of allometric equations for foliage, branch and bole biomass were developed as well as branch-level equations for wood and foliage. Foliage biomass relationships varied substantially between units while branch and bole biomass estimates were more stable across a range of stand conditions. Trees of a given breast height diameter and crown ratio in thinned stands had more foliage biomass, but slightly less branch biomass than those in an unthinned stand. The observed variability in biomass relationships within Blacks Mountain Experimental Forest suggests that users should consider how well the data used to develop a selected model relate to the conditions in any given application. C1 [Ritchie, Martin W.; Zhang, Jianwei] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Redding, CA 96002 USA. [Hamilton, Todd A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Redding, CA 96002 USA. RP Ritchie, MW (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, 3644 Avtech Pkwy, Redding, CA 96002 USA. EM mritchie@fs.fed.us; jianweizhang@fs.fed.us; toddhamilton@fs.fed.us FU Joint Fire Science Program [JFSP 6-3-3-04] FX This project was funded by the Joint Fire Science Program (JFSP 6-3-3-04). The authors wish to thank anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on the manuscript. NR 38 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 29 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1999-4907 J9 FORESTS JI Forests PD MAR PY 2013 VL 4 IS 1 BP 179 EP 196 DI 10.3390/f4010179 PG 18 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 112QA UT WOS:000316606100010 ER PT J AU Alnemer, LM Seetan, RI Bassi, FM Chitraranjan, C Helsene, A Loree, P Goshn, SB Gu, YQ Luo, MC Iqbal, MJ Lazo, GR Denton, AM Kianian, SF AF Alnemer, Loai M. Seetan, Raed I. Bassi, Filippo M. Chitraranjan, Charith Helsene, Adam Loree, Paul Goshn, Steve Bou Gu, Yong Q. Luo, Ming-Cheng Iqbal, M. Javed Lazo, Gerard R. Denton, Anne M. Kianian, Shahryar F. TI Wheat Zapper: a flexible online tool for colinearity studies in grass genomes SO FUNCTIONAL & INTEGRATIVE GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Synteny; Fine mapping; Microsynteny; Rice; Sorghum; Brachypodium ID BREAD WHEAT; GENE; MAP; IDENTIFICATION; EVOLUTION; RICE; TRITICEAE; SORGHUM; BARLEY; LOCUS AB In the course of evolution, the genomes of grasses have maintained an observable degree of gene order conservation. The information available for already sequenced genomes can be used to predict the gene order of nonsequenced species by means of comparative colinearity studies. The "Wheat Zapper" application presented here performs on-demand colinearity analysis between wheat, rice, Sorghum, and Brachypodium in a simple, time efficient, and flexible manner. This application was specifically designed to provide plant scientists with a set of tools, comprising not only synteny inference, but also automated primer design, intron/exon boundaries prediction, visual representation using the graphic tool Circos 0.53, and the possibility of downloading FASTA sequences for downstream applications. Quality of the "Wheat Zapper" prediction was confirmed against the genome of maize, with good correlation (r > 0.83) observed between the gene order predicted on the basis of synteny and their actual position on the genome. Further, the accuracy of "Wheat Zapper" was calculated at 0.65 considering the "Genome Zipper" application as the "gold" standard. The differences between these two tools are amply discussed, making the point that "Wheat Zapper" is an accurate and reliable on-demand tool that is sure to benefit the cereal scientific community. The Wheat Zapper is available athttp://wge.ndsu.nodak.edu/wheatzapper/. C1 [Alnemer, Loai M.] Univ Jordan, Comp Informat Syst Dept, Amman 11942, Jordan. [Seetan, Raed I.; Chitraranjan, Charith; Helsene, Adam; Loree, Paul; Goshn, Steve Bou; Denton, Anne M.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Bassi, Filippo M.; Iqbal, M. Javed; Kianian, Shahryar F.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Gu, Yong Q.; Lazo, Gerard R.] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Luo, Ming-Cheng] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Kianian, Shahryar F.] NDSU Dept 7670, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. RP Kianian, SF (reprint author), NDSU Dept 7670, POB 6050, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. EM s.kianian@ndsu.edu RI Lazo, Gerard/A-8900-2009 OI Lazo, Gerard/0000-0002-9160-2052 FU National Science Foundation, Plant Genome Research Program (NSF-PGRP) [IOS-0822100]; Program Master and Back Regione Autonoma della Sardegna; Monsanto Beachell-Borlaug International Scholarship FX The authors wish to thank all our beta testers for very insightful suggestions. This work was supported by funding from the National Science Foundation, Plant Genome Research Program (NSF-PGRP) grant no. IOS-0822100 to SFK. FMB was partially supported by Program Master and Back Regione Autonoma della Sardegna and Monsanto Beachell-Borlaug International Scholarship. NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 25 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1438-793X J9 FUNCT INTEGR GENOMIC JI Funct. Integr. Genomics PD MAR PY 2013 VL 13 IS 1 BP 11 EP 17 DI 10.1007/s10142-013-0317-4 PG 7 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 113SZ UT WOS:000316690000002 PM 23474942 ER PT J AU de Jimenez, MKM Bassi, FM Ghavami, F Simons, K Dizon, R Seetan, RI Alnemer, LM Denton, AM Dogramaci, M Simkova, H Dolezel, J Seth, K Luo, MC Dvorak, J Gu, YQ Kianian, SF AF de Jimenez, Monika K. Michalak Bassi, Filippo M. Ghavami, Farhad Simons, Kristin Dizon, Rissa Seetan, Raed I. Alnemer, Loai M. Denton, Anne M. Dogramaci, Muenevver Simkova, Hana Dolezel, Jaroslav Seth, Kiran Luo, Ming-Cheng Dvorak, Jan Gu, Yong Qiang Kianian, Shahryar F. TI A radiation hybrid map of chromosome 1D reveals synteny conservation at a wheat speciation locus SO FUNCTIONAL & INTEGRATIVE GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Species cytoplasm specific; Wheat Zapper; Synteny; Paleofusion; Alloplasmic; Cytoplasm substitution ID NUCLEAR-CYTOPLASMIC INCOMPATIBILITY; ALLOPLASMIC DURUM-WHEAT; TRITICUM-AESTIVUM; HEXAPLOID WHEAT; MALE-STERILITY; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; TETRAPLOID WHEAT; DELETION MUTANTS; REPEAT PROTEINS; MALE-FERTILITY AB The species cytoplasm specific (scs) genes affect nuclear-cytoplasmic interactions in interspecific hybrids. A radiation hybrid (RH) mapping population of 188 individuals was employed to refine the location of the scs (ae) locus on Triticum aestivum chromosome 1D. "Wheat Zapper," a comparative genomics tool, was used to predict synteny between wheat chromosome 1D, Oryza sativa, Brachypodium distachyon, and Sorghum bicolor. A total of 57 markers were developed based on synteny or literature and genotyped to produce a RH map spanning 205.2 cR. A test-cross methodology was devised for phenotyping of RH progenies, and through forward genetic, the scs (ae) locus was pinpointed to a 1.1 Mb-segment containing eight genes. Further, the high resolution provided by RH mapping, combined with chromosome-wise synteny analysis, located the ancestral point of fusion between the telomeric and centromeric repeats of two paleochromosomes that originated chromosome 1D. Also, it indicated that the centromere of this chromosome is likely the result of a neocentromerization event, rather than the conservation of an ancestral centromere as previously believed. Interestingly, location of scs locus in the vicinity of paleofusion is not associated with the expected disruption of synteny, but rather with a good degree of conservation across grass species. Indeed, these observations advocate the evolutionary importance of this locus as suggested by "Maan's scs hypothesis.". C1 [de Jimenez, Monika K. Michalak; Bassi, Filippo M.; Ghavami, Farhad; Simons, Kristin; Dizon, Rissa; Seth, Kiran; Kianian, Shahryar F.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Seetan, Raed I.; Denton, Anne M.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Alnemer, Loai M.] Univ Jordan, Comp Informat Syst Dept, Amman 11942, Jordan. [Dogramaci, Muenevver] USDA ARS, BRL, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Simkova, Hana; Dolezel, Jaroslav] Inst Expt Bot, Ctr Reg Hana Biotechnol & Agr Res, CZ-77200 Olomouc, Czech Republic. [Luo, Ming-Cheng; Dvorak, Jan] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Gu, Yong Qiang] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Kianian, SF (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. EM S.Kianian@ndsu.edu RI Simkova, Hana/F-7734-2014; Dolezel, Jaroslav/B-7716-2008 OI Simkova, Hana/0000-0003-4159-7619; Dolezel, Jaroslav/0000-0002-6263-0492 FU National Science Foundation, Plant Genome Research Program (NSF-PGRP) [IOS-0822100]; Program Master and Back Regione Autonoma della Sardegna; Monsanto Beachell-Borlaug International Scholarship FX The authors wish to thank Justin Hegstad and Allen Peckrul for their qualified technical help. This work was supported by funding from the National Science Foundation, Plant Genome Research Program (NSF-PGRP) grant No. IOS-0822100 to SFK. F.M.B was partially supported by Program Master and Back Regione Autonoma della Sardegna and Monsanto Beachell-Borlaug International Scholarship. NR 79 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 25 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1438-793X J9 FUNCT INTEGR GENOMIC JI Funct. Integr. Genomics PD MAR PY 2013 VL 13 IS 1 BP 19 EP 32 DI 10.1007/s10142-013-0318-3 PG 14 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 113SZ UT WOS:000316690000003 ER PT J AU Karki, A Horvath, DP Sutton, F AF Karki, Amrit Horvath, David P. Sutton, Fedora TI Induction of DREB2A pathway with repression of E2F, jasmonic acid biosynthetic and photosynthesis pathways in cold acclimation-specific freeze-resistant wheat crown SO FUNCTIONAL & INTEGRATIVE GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Gene ontology (GO); Pathway; Cold acclimation; Vernalization; Freeze survival; Winter wheat; DREB2A; Jasmonic acid; E2F ID GENE-EXPRESSION ANALYSIS; LOW-TEMPERATURE; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; MOLECULAR-BIOLOGY; STRESS TOLERANCE; DISTINCT LEVELS; ABIOTIC STRESS; SPRING WHEAT; PROTEIN AB Winter wheat lines can achieve cold acclimation (development of tolerance to freezing temperatures) and vernalization (delay in transition from vegetative to reproductive phase) in response to low non-freezing temperatures. To describe cold-acclimation-specific processes and pathways, we utilized cold acclimation transcriptomic data from two lines varying in freeze survival but not vernalization. These lines, designated freeze-resistant (FR) and freeze-susceptible (FS), were the source of crown tissue RNA. Well-annotated differentially expressed genes (p a parts per thousand currency signaEuro parts per thousand 0.005 and fold change a parts per thousand yenaEuro parts per thousand 2 in response to 4 weeks cold acclimation) were used for gene ontology and pathway analysis. "Abiotic stimuli" was identified as the most enriched and unique for FR. Unique to FS was "cytoplasmic components." Pathway analysis revealed the "triacylglycerol degradation" pathway as significantly downregulated and common to both FR and FS. The most enriched of FR pathways was "neighbors of DREB2A," with the highest positive median fold change. The "13-LOX and 13-HPL" and the "E2F" pathways were enriched in FR only with a negative median fold change. The "jasmonic acid biosynthesis" pathway and four "photosynthetic-associated" pathways were enriched in both FR and FS but with a more negative median fold change in FR than in FS. A pathway unique to FS was "binding partners of LHCA1," which was enriched only in FS with a significant negative median fold change. We propose that the DREB2A, E2F, jasmonic acid biosynthesis, and photosynthetic pathways are critical for discrimination between cold-acclimated lines varying in freeze survival. C1 [Sutton, Fedora] S Dakota State Univ, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Horvath, David P.] ARS, USDA, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Karki, Amrit] Univ Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53202 USA. RP Sutton, F (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. EM fedora.sutton@sdstate.edu FU Sutton Laboratory; SDSU Plant Science Dept; Mathematics and Statistics Dept; SDSU Experiment Station; Horvath Laboratory at USDA, Fargo, ND FX This work was part of the Ph.D. training program of A. K and was made possible by support from the Sutton Laboratory, the SDSU Plant Science Dept., the Mathematics and Statistics Dept., the SDSU Experiment Station, and the Horvath Laboratory at USDA, Fargo, ND. NR 58 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 29 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1438-793X J9 FUNCT INTEGR GENOMIC JI Funct. Integr. Genomics PD MAR PY 2013 VL 13 IS 1 BP 57 EP 65 DI 10.1007/s10142-012-0303-2 PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 113SZ UT WOS:000316690000006 PM 23262780 ER PT J AU Connor, EE Baldwin, RL Li, CJ Li, RW Chung, H AF Connor, Erin E. Baldwin, Ransom L. Li, Cong-jun Li, Robert W. Chung, Hoyoung TI Gene expression in bovine rumen epithelium during weaning identifies molecular regulators of rumen development and growth SO FUNCTIONAL & INTEGRATIVE GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Cattle; Growth; Microarray; Rumen; Weaning ID RUMINANT STOMACH; MAMMARY-GLAND; PROLIFERATION; BUTYRATE; PROPIONATE; MUCOSA; DIETS; CALF; ADAPTATION; ACTIVATION AB During weaning, epithelial cell function in the rumen transitions in response to conversion from a pre-ruminant to a true ruminant environment to ensure efficient nutrient absorption and metabolism. To identify gene networks affected by weaning in bovine rumen, Holstein bull calves were fed commercial milk replacer only (MRO) until 42 days of age, then were provided diets of either milk + orchardgrass hay (MH) or milk + grain-based calf starter (MG). Rumen epithelial RNA was extracted from calves sacrificed at four time points: day 14 (n = 3) and day 42 (n = 3) of age while fed the MRO diet and day 56 (n = 3/diet) and day 70 (n = 3/diet) while fed the MH and MG diets for transcript profiling by microarray hybridization. Five two-group comparisons were made using Permutation Analysis of Differential ExpressionA (R) to identify differentially expressed genes over time and developmental stage between days 14 and 42 within the MRO diet, between day 42 on the MRO diet and day 56 on the MG or MH diets, and between the MG and MH diets at days 56 and 70. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) of differentially expressed genes during weaning indicated the top 5 gene networks involving molecules participating in lipid metabolism, cell morphology and death, cellular growth and proliferation, molecular transport, and the cell cycle. Putative genes functioning in the establishment of the rumen microbial population and associated rumen epithelial inflammation during weaning were identified. Activation of transcription factor PPAR-alpha was identified by IPA software as an important regulator of molecular changes in rumen epithelium that function in papillary development and fatty acid oxidation during the transition from pre-rumination to rumination. Thus, molecular markers of rumen development and gene networks regulating differentiation and growth of rumen epithelium were identified for selecting targets and methods for improving and assessing rumen development and function, particularly in the growing calf. C1 [Connor, Erin E.; Baldwin, Ransom L.; Li, Cong-jun; Li, Robert W.] ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, USDA, BARC East, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Chung, Hoyoung] Natl Inst Anim Sci, Anim Genom & Bioinformat Div, Suwon 441701, South Korea. RP Connor, EE (reprint author), ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, USDA, BARC East, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 306, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM erin.connor@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 36 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1438-793X J9 FUNCT INTEGR GENOMIC JI Funct. Integr. Genomics PD MAR PY 2013 VL 13 IS 1 BP 133 EP 142 DI 10.1007/s10142-012-0308-x PG 10 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 113SZ UT WOS:000316690000011 PM 23314861 ER PT J AU Stewart, CE Zheng, JY Botte, J Cotrufo, MF AF Stewart, Catherine E. Zheng, Jiyong Botte, Jorin Cotrufo, M. Francesca TI Co-generated fast pyrolysis biochar mitigates green-house gas emissions and increases carbon sequestration in temperate soils SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY BIOENERGY LA English DT Article DE biochar; black carbon; CH4; N2O; priming; soil respiration; stable carbon isotopes ID NITROUS-OXIDE EMISSIONS; IRRIGATED CROPPING SYSTEMS; BLACK CARBON; ORGANIC-MATTER; PASTURE SOIL; MINERALIZATION; MANURE; STABILIZATION; RESPIRATION; FERTILIZER AB Char is a product of thermochemical conversion of biomass via pyrolysis, together with gas (syngas), liquid (bio-oil), and heat. Fast pyrolysis is a promising process for bio-oil generation, which leaves 1030% of the original biomass as char. Char produced for soil application, is defined biochar (BC), and it may increase soil C storage, and reduce soil emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG), such as N2O and CH4 potentially making fast pyrolysis bioenergy generation a C-negative system. However, differences in production conditions (e.g., feedstock, pyrolysis temperature and speed, post handling, and storage conditions) influence the chemical properties of BC and its net effect when added to soils. Understanding if fast pyrolysis BC can increase C sequestration and reduce GHG emissions will enable full assessment of the economic value and environmental benefits of this form of bioenergy. We characterized a BC produced by fast pyrolysis for bio-oil generation and examined GHG (CO2, N2O and CH4) efflux, C partitioning using 13C, and soil C sequestration across four temperate soils and five BC rates; 0%, 1%, 5%, 10%, and 20% w/w. The fast pyrolysis process created a highly aromatic, low N, ash-rich BC with a O:C ratio of 0.01, which we expected to be highly recalcitrant. Across soils, CO2 emissions increased linearly and N2O emissions decreased exponentially with increasing BC addition rates. Despite still being actively respired after 2years, total BC-derived C-CO2 comprised less than the BC volatile C content (4%). Expressed as CO2 equivalents, CO2 was the primary GHG emitted (97.5%), followed by N2O. All GHG emissions were small compared to the total SOC sequestered in the BC. Fast pyrolysis produced a highly recalcitrant BC that sequestered C and reduced GHG emissions. The recovery and soil application of BC would contribute to a negative carbon balance for this form of bioenergy generation. C1 [Stewart, Catherine E.] ARS, USDA, Soil Plant Nutrient Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Stewart, Catherine E.; Botte, Jorin; Cotrufo, M. Francesca] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Zheng, Jiyong] Northwest A&F Univ, State Key Lab Soil Eros & Dryland Farming Loess P, Yangling 712100M, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Botte, Jorin; Cotrufo, M. Francesca] Colorado State Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Stewart, CE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Soil Plant Nutrient Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM catherine.stewart@colostate.edu RI Cotrufo, M. Francesca/C-1614-2013; OI Cotrufo, M. Francesca/0000-0002-6191-8953; Stewart, Catherine/0000-0003-1216-0450 FU State of Colorado Department of Agriculture ACRE contract [277777]; CSU Clean Energy Supercluster; Warner College of Natural Resources; China Science Fund [41071195] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge Dr. Kim Magrini at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory for providing the BC. Mary Smith, Melissa Reyes-Fox, Morgan Carey, and Kris Nichols for assistance with GC analyses. Two anonymous reviews provided helpful comment to earlier versions of the manuscript. This work is part of the USDA-ARS GRACEnet project. Funding was provided by State of Colorado Department of Agriculture ACRE contract No. 277777, CSU Clean Energy Supercluster, the Warner College of Natural Resources, and the China Science Fund (41071195). Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U. S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 60 TC 36 Z9 39 U1 9 U2 177 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1757-1693 J9 GCB BIOENERGY JI GCB Bioenergy PD MAR PY 2013 VL 5 IS 2 SI SI BP 153 EP 164 DI 10.1111/gcbb.12001 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 096EY UT WOS:000315388200008 ER PT J AU Spokas, KA AF Spokas, Kurt A. TI Impact of biochar field aging on laboratory greenhouse gas production potentials SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY BIOENERGY LA English DT Review DE black carbon; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; nitrous oxide; soil amendment ID NITROUS-OXIDE EMISSIONS; BLACK CARBON; NITRIFICATION INHIBITORS; MICROBIAL ACTIVITY; ACTIVATED CARBONS; PASTURE SOIL; NITRIC-OXIDE; PADDY SOILS; MILL WASTE; OXIDATION AB Recent observations of decreased greenhouse gas (GHG) production from biochar amended soils have been used to further substantiate the environmental benefit of biochar production and soil incorporation strategies. However, the mechanisms behind this biochar-mediated response have not been fully elucidated. In addition, the duration of these GHG reductions is not known and is of pivotal importance for the inclusion of biochar into future bioenergy production and climate abatement strategies. In this study, the impacts of biochar field aging on the observed GHG production/consumption were evaluated. Two different wood-derived biochars and a macadamia nut shell biochar were weathered in an agricultural field in Rosemount, MN (20082011) and the impacts on net soil GHG production/consumption were assessed through laboratory incubations. For the three biochars evaluated here, weathering negated the suppression of N2O production that was originally observed from the fresh biochar in laboratory incubations. On the other hand, all three weathered biochars enhanced CO2 production (three- to tenfold compared with the fresh biochar amendments) in laboratory soil incubations, suggesting an enhanced microbial mineralization rate of the weathered biochar. This enhanced mineralization could be aided by the chemical oxidation of the biochar surfaces during weathering. Fresh biochar reduced observed soil methane oxidation rates, whereas the weathered biochars had no significant impacts on the observed soil methanotrophic activity. This study demonstrates that for these three biochars, weathering greatly alters the GHG response of the soil systems to biochar amendments. C1 Univ Minnesota, USDA, ARS, Soil & Water Management Unit,Dept Soil Water & Cl, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Spokas, KA (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, USDA, ARS, Soil & Water Management Unit,Dept Soil Water & Cl, 1991 Upper Buford Circle,439 Borlaug Hall, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM kurt.spokas@ars.usda.gov RI Spokas, Kurt/F-4839-2016 OI Spokas, Kurt/0000-0002-5049-5959 FU Minnesota Department of Agriculture Specialty Block Grant program; Minnesota Corn Growers Association/Minnesota Corn Research Production Council FX The author would like to acknowledge the exceptional laboratory work conducted by Martin DuSaire, Eric Nooker, Edward Colosky, Tia Phan, Tara Phan, Michael Ottman, Amanda Bidwell, Lindsay Watson, Kia Yang, Vang Yang, and Lianne Endo. In addition, the author would also like to acknowledge the partial funding from the Minnesota Department of Agriculture Specialty Block Grant program and the Minnesota Corn Growers Association/Minnesota Corn Research Production Council. This research is part of the USDA-ARS Biochar and Pyrolysis Initiative and USDA-ARS GRACEnet (Greenhouse Gas Reduction through Agricultural Carbon Enhancement Network) programs. NR 108 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 21 U2 247 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1757-1693 J9 GCB BIOENERGY JI GCB Bioenergy PD MAR PY 2013 VL 5 IS 2 SI SI BP 165 EP 176 DI 10.1111/gcbb.12005 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 096EY UT WOS:000315388200009 ER PT J AU Krug, BA Whipker, BE McCall, I Frantz, J AF Krug, Brian A. Whipker, Brian E. McCall, Ingram Frantz, Jonathan TI Elevated Relative Humidity Increases the Incidence of Distorted Growth and Boron Deficiency in Bedding Plant Plugs SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Gerbera jamesonii; horizontal airflow fans; HAF fans; Petunia Xhybrida; Viola Xwittrockiana ID TRANSPIRATION; TRANSLOCATION; TRANSPORT; CALCIUM AB High relative humidity (RH) can cause lower concentrations of boron (B) accumulating in plants. The common greenhouse practice of controlling excess temperatures by applying mist irrigation to young plants (plugs) can result in elevated RH levels, especially with plugs grown in high heat and humidity conditions of summer. 'Dynamite Yellow' pansy (Viola Xwittrockiana Gams.), 'White Storm' petunia (Petunia Xhybrida Vilm.), and 'Festival Apricot' gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii Bolus) plugs were grown in high or ambient RH conditions to determine the effect RH had on B uptake. Results indicate that an increase in RH decreased the amount of water the plant lost as a result of transpiration resulting in lower concentrations of B in shoot tissue. Boron concentrations in leaf tissue were 9.43, 10.56, and 17.81 mg.L-1 in pansy, petunia, and gerbera plants, respectively, grown in high RH conditions. These values were significantly lower than pansy, petunia, and gerbera plants grown in ambient RH conditions (19.94, 25.49, and 42.71 mg.L-1, respectively). Leaf distortion, consistent with B deficiency symptoms, was present in petunia and gerbera plants. Similar trends were observed when the experiment was repeated and leaf distortion was present in all species. This provides convincing evidence that the distorted growth observed in pansy, petunia, and gerbera plug production is the result of limited B caused by excessive humidity. C1 [Krug, Brian A.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Biol Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Whipker, Brian E.; McCall, Ingram] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Frantz, Jonathan] ARS, USDA, ATRU, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. RP Krug, BA (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Dept Biol Sci, Acad Way,Spaulding Hall G54, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM brian.krug@unh.edu FU Fred C. Gloeckner Foundation FX Thanks to Ball Horticultural Company for the seeds, Scotts for the fertilizer, and the Fred C. Gloeckner Foundation for grant support. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD MAR PY 2013 VL 48 IS 3 BP 311 EP 313 PG 3 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 114XJ UT WOS:000316776000004 ER PT J AU Hall, DG Gottwald, TR Stover, E Beattie, GAC AF Hall, David G. Gottwald, Tim R. Stover, Ed Beattie, G. Andrew C. TI Evaluation of Management Programs for Protecting Young Citrus Plantings from Huanglongbing SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Asian citrus psyllid; Diaphorina citri; citrus greening ID HEMIPTERA; PSYLLIDAE; DISEASE; FLORIDA AB Asiatic huanglongbing (HLB) is a devastating disease of citrus associated in North America with the bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' (LAS) vectored by the Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), Diaphorina citri Kuwayama. ACP management is considered a vital component of a program aimed at reducing the incidence and spread of HLB Considerable research has been published comparing the efficacy of different insecticides for ACP control as well as on seasonal strategies for applying ACP insecticides. However, published information was largely lacking for even the most intense insecticide programs on their effectiveness for keeping HLB out of a new citrus planting in Florida citrus. We therefore conducted two replicated (individual plots 0.2 to 0.4 ha in size) experiments on protecting young citrus from HLB using different ACP management programs. An intensive insecticide program was evaluated in each experiment: eight annual calendar applications of traditional insecticides (hereafter referred to as the "complete" program). In one experiment, citrus was either planted alone and subjected to the complete program or citrus was interplanted with orange jasmine, Murraya exotica L. (a favored ACP host plant) and subjected to a reduced insecticide program (four calendar sprays of traditional insecticides). There was one set of plots in which both jasmine and citrus were treated with insecticides and one set in which jasmine was not treated at all. In the second experiment, citrus was either subjected to the complete program or to one of two other programs: a reduced insecticide program consisting of five calendar applications of traditional insecticides or a mineral oil program (oil applications every 3 weeks plus one dormant insecticide spray). The results of the two experiments were similar. Relatively good ACP control was achieved under each ACP management program during the first year but, as the experiments progressed and trees increased in size, ACP outbreaks occurred regardless of the psyllid management program. Little HLB developed under any ACP management program during the first year, but thereafter HLB increased and large percentages of the trees in each experiment became LAS-infected in less than two to three years. The combined results of the experiments indicated that up to eight monthly pesticide treatments per year applied on a calendar schedule were ineffective for preventing young citrus from becoming diseased. Of important significance is that the orchard within which the two experiments were conducted was subjected to a minimal psyllid management program and contained many older trees known to be infected by the HLB pathogen, a challenging situation for getting young trees into production without contracting the disease. Thus, the ACP management programs we evaluated might have been more effective if ACP in the surrounding areas had been more aggressively controlled and diseased trees in the surrounding areas removed to reduce inoculum loads. Also, the programs might have been more effective for slowing the spread of HLB if our research plots had been larger. C1 [Hall, David G.; Gottwald, Tim R.; Stover, Ed] ARS, USDA, Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Beattie, G. Andrew C.] Univ Western Sydney, Sch Sci & Hlth, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia. RP Hall, DG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Hort Res Lab, 2001 S Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM David.Hall@ars.usda.gov FU Citrus Research and Development Foundation FX Funding for this project was provided by the Citrus Research and Development Foundation. NR 31 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 34 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD MAR PY 2013 VL 48 IS 3 BP 330 EP 337 PG 8 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 114XJ UT WOS:000316776000008 ER PT J AU Furtula, V Jackson, CR Farrell, EG Barrett, JB Hiott, LM Chambers, PA AF Furtula, Vesna Jackson, Charlene R. Farrell, Erin Gwenn Barrett, John B. Hiott, Lari M. Chambers, Patricia A. TI Antimicrobial Resistance in Enterococcus spp. Isolated from Environmental Samples in an Area of Intensive Poultry Production SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Enterococci; antimicrobial; resistance; poultry litter; ground water; surface water; contamination ID MULTIPLE-ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; VIRULENCE GENES; SPECIES DISTRIBUTION; WASTE-WATER; FAECIUM; BROILER; LITTER; PREVALENCE; CHICKENS AB Enterococcus spp. from two poultry farms and proximate surface and ground water sites in an area of intensive poultry production were tested for resistance to 16 clinical antibiotics. Resistance patterns were compared to assess trends and possible correlations for specific antimicrobials and levels of resistance. Enterococci were detected at all 12 surface water sites and three of 28 ground water sites. Resistance to lincomycin, tetracycline, penicillin and ciprofloxacin in poultry litter isolates was high (80.3%, 65.3%, 61.1% and 49.6%, respectively). Resistance in the surface water to the same antibiotics was 87.1%, 24.1%, 7.6% and 12.9%, respectively. Overall, 86% of litter isolates, 58% of surface water isolates and 100% of ground water isolates were resistant to more than one antibiotic. Fifty-four different resistance patterns were recognised in isolates obtained from litter and environmental samples and several E. faecium and E. faecalis isolates from litter and environment samples shared the same resistance pattern. Multiple antibiotic resistant (MAR) indices calculated to assess health risks due to the presence of resistant enterococci suggested an increased presence of antibiotics in surface water, likely from poultry sources as no other wastewater contributions in the area were documented. C1 [Furtula, Vesna; Farrell, Erin Gwenn; Chambers, Patricia A.] Environm Canada, Pacific Environm Sci Ctr, N Vancouver, BC V7H 1B1, Canada. [Jackson, Charlene R.; Barrett, John B.; Hiott, Lari M.] ARS, Bacterial Epidemiol & Antimicrobial Resistance Re, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Jackson, CR (reprint author), ARS, Bacterial Epidemiol & Antimicrobial Resistance Re, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM vesna.furtula@ec.gc.ca; charlene.jackson@ars.usda.gov; gwennfar@gmail.com; benny.barrett@ars.usda.gov; lari.hiott@ars.usda.gov; Patricia.Chambers@ec.gc.ca FU Health Canada FX We would like to thank Health Canada for funding this research. Many thanks are due to the anonymous reviewers for very constructive suggestions. NR 43 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 35 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-4601 J9 INT J ENV RES PUB HE JI Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health PD MAR PY 2013 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1020 EP 1036 DI 10.3390/ijerph10031020 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 112QS UT WOS:000316608200020 PM 23481592 ER PT J AU Mauro, A Battilani, P Callicott, KA Giorni, P Pietri, A Cotty, PJ AF Mauro, Antonio Battilani, Paola Callicott, Kenneth A. Giorni, Paola Pietri, Amedeo Cotty, Peter J. TI Structure of an Aspergillus flavus population from maize kernels in northern Italy SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aspergilli; VCGs; Aflatoxin; Gene cluster; Diversity index; Biocontrol ID VEGETATIVE COMPATIBILITY GROUPS; REDUCE AFLATOXIN CONTAMINATION; SECTION FLAVI; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; MYCOTOXIN PRODUCTION; SCLEROTIA PRODUCTION; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; GENETIC DIVERSITY; CROP-ROTATION; FUSARIUM AB In order to gain insight into the causal agents of aflatoxin contamination of maize in Italy, populations of Aspergillus flavus on maize produced in the most affected area were characterized. Forty-six percent of A. flavus, isolated from maize kernels collected in 5 districts of northern Italy between 2003 and 2010, were unable to produce detectable levels of aflatoxins. The genetic diversity of the population was assessed by analysis of vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs) and presence or absence of several aflatoxin biosynthesis genes. Forty-eight VCGs were identified through complementation between nitrate non-utilizing mutants. Twenty-five VCGs contained only atoxigenic isolates, and the remaining 23 only aflatoxin producers. Members of the largest atoxigenic VCG (IT6) were found in 4 of the 5 districts sampled. Six deletion patterns of genes in the aflatoxin biosynthesis gene cluster were detected. No deletions in the cluster were detected for twelve atoxigenic isolates and 10 had the entire cluster deleted. One isolate had a deletion pattern only seen once before in Nigeria. The basis for initial selection of endemic atoxigenic strains of A. flavus for biological control of aflatoxin contamination of maize in Italy is provided. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Mauro, Antonio; Battilani, Paola; Giorni, Paola] Univ Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Inst Entomol & Plant Pathol, I-29122 Piacenza, Italy. [Callicott, Kenneth A.; Cotty, Peter J.] Univ Arizona, USDA ARS, Sch Plant Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Pietri, Amedeo] Univ Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Inst Food Sci & Nutr, I-29122 Piacenza, Italy. RP Cotty, PJ (reprint author), Univ Arizona, USDA ARS, Sch Plant Sci, Forbes Bldg,Room 303,1140 East South Campus Dr, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM antonio.mauro@unicatt.it; paola.battilani@unicatt.it; kcallicott@gmail.com; paola.giorni@unicatt.it; amedeo.pietri@unicatt.it; pjcotty@email.arizona.edu OI GIORNI, Paola/0000-0001-9538-1835; Battilani, Paola/0000-0003-1287-1711 FU government of Emilia Romagna FX We are grateful to the government of Emilia Romagna for supporting this work and the collaboration of the Research Centre for Crop Production (CRPV). Antonio Mauro carried out this work within the Doctoral School on the Agro-Food System (Agrisystem) of Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (Italy). NR 49 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1605 J9 INT J FOOD MICROBIOL JI Int. J. Food Microbiol. PD MAR 1 PY 2013 VL 162 IS 1 BP 1 EP 7 DI 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2012.12.021 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA 114XU UT WOS:000316777100001 PM 23340386 ER PT J AU Geveke, DJ Torres, D AF Geveke, David J. Torres, Daniel TI Liquid egg white pasteurization using a centrifugal UV irradiator SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Nonthermal; Pasteurization; Liquid egg white; E. coli; Energy; Ultraviolet light ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; APPLE JUICE; INACTIVATION; PRODUCTS; CIDER; LIGHT AB Studies are limited on UV nonthermal pasteurization of liquid egg white (LEW). The objective of this study was to inactivate Escherichia coli using a UV irradiator that centrifugally formed a thin film of LEW on the inside of a rotating cylinder. The LEW was inoculated with E. coli K12 to approximately 8 log cfu/ml and was processed at the following conditions: UV intensity 1.5 to 9.0 mW/cm(2); cylinder rotational speed 450 to 750 RPM, cylinder inclination angle 15 degrees to 45 degrees, and flow rate 300 to 900 ml/min, and treatment time 1.1 to 3.2 s. Appropriate dilutions of the samples were pourplated with tryptic soy agar (TSA). Sublethal injury was determined using TSA + 4% NaCl. The regrowth of surviving E. coli during refrigerated storage for 28 days was investigated. The electrical energy of the UV process was also determined. The results demonstrated that UV processing of LEW at a dose of 29 mJ/cm(2) at 10 degrees C reduced E. coli by 5 log cfu/ml. Inactivation significantly increased with increasing UV dose and decreasing flow rate. The results at cylinder inclination angles of 30 degrees and 45 degrees were similar and were significantly better than those at 15 degrees. The cylinder rotational speed had no significant effect on inactivation. The occurrence of sublethal injury was detected. Storage of UV processed LEW at 4 degrees and 10 degrees C for 21 days further reduced the population of E. coli to approximately 1 log cfu/ml where it remained for an additional 7 days. The UV energy applied to the LEW to obtain a 5 log reduction of E. coli was 3.9 J/ml. These results suggest that LEW may be efficiently pasteurized, albeit at low flow rates, using a nonthermal UV device that centrifugally forms a thin film. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Geveke, David J.] ARS, Food Safety & Intervent Technol Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Torres, Daniel] Dill Instruments Inc, Kalamazoo, MI 49007 USA. RP Geveke, DJ (reprint author), ARS, Food Safety & Intervent Technol Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM david.geveke@ars.usda.gov NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1605 EI 1879-3460 J9 INT J FOOD MICROBIOL JI Int. J. Food Microbiol. PD MAR 1 PY 2013 VL 162 IS 1 BP 43 EP 47 DI 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2012.12.005 PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA 114XU UT WOS:000316777100006 PM 23353552 ER PT J AU Meyers, KJ Johnson, EJ Bernstein, PS Iyengar, SK Engelman, CD Karki, CK Liu, Z Igo, RP Truitt, B Klein, ML Snodderly, DM Blodi, BA Gehrs, KM Sarto, GE Wallace, RB Robinson, J LeBlanc, ES Hageman, G Tinker, L Mares, JA AF Meyers, Kristin J. Johnson, Elizabeth J. Bernstein, Paul S. Iyengar, Sudha K. Engelman, Corinne D. Karki, Chitra K. Liu, Zhe Igo, Robert P., Jr. Truitt, Barbara Klein, Michael L. Snodderly, D. Max Blodi, Barbara A. Gehrs, Karen M. Sarto, Gloria E. Wallace, Robert B. Robinson, Jennifer LeBlanc, Erin S. Hageman, Gregory Tinker, Lesley Mares, Julie A. TI Genetic Determinants of Macular Pigments in Women of the Carotenoids in Age-Related Eye Disease Study SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; N-3 FATTY-ACIDS; LUTEIN SUPPLEMENTATION; OPTICAL-DENSITY; BETA-CAROTENE; VISUAL PERFORMANCE; SR-BI; ZEAXANTHIN SUPPLEMENTATION; MISSING HERITABILITY; RETINITIS-PIGMENTOSA AB PURPOSE. To investigate genetic determinants of macular pigment optical density in women from the Carotenoids in Age-Related Eye Disease Study (CAREDS), an ancillary study of the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study. METHODS. 1585 of 2005 CAREDS participants had macular pigment optical density (MPOD) measured noninvasively using customized heterochromatic flicker photometry and blood samples genotyped for 440 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 26 candidate genes related to absorption, transport, binding, and cleavage of carotenoids directly, or via lipid transport. SNPs were individually tested for associations with MPOD using least-squares linear regression. RESULTS. Twenty-one SNPs from 11 genes were associated with MPOD (P <= 0.05) after adjusting for dietary intake of lutein and zeaxanthin. This includes variants in or near genes related to zeaxanthin binding in the macula (GSTP1), carotenoid cleavage (BCMO1), cholesterol transport or uptake (SCARB1, ABCA1, ABCG5, and LIPC), long-chain omega-3 fatty acid status (ELOVL2, FADS1, and FADS2), and various maculopathies (ALDH3A2 and RPE65). The strongest association was for rs11645428 near BCMO1 (beta(A) = 0.029, P = 2.2 x 10(-4)). Conditional modeling within genes and further adjustment for other predictors of MPOD, including waist circumference, diabetes, and dietary intake of fiber, resulted in 13 SNPs from 10 genes maintaining independent association with MPOD. Variation in these single gene polymorphisms accounted for 5% of the variability in MPOD (P = 3.5 x 10(-11)). CONCLUSIONS. Our results support that MPOD is a multi-factorial phenotype associated with variation in genes related to carotenoid transport, uptake, and metabolism, independent of known dietary and health influences on MPOD. (Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2013;54:2333-2345) DOI: 10.1167/iovs.12-10867 C1 [Meyers, Kristin J.; Karki, Chitra K.; Liu, Zhe; Blodi, Barbara A.; Mares, Julie A.] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Engelman, Corinne D.] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Dept Populat Hlth Sci, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Sarto, Gloria E.] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Johnson, Elizabeth J.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer United States Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Bernstein, Paul S.; Hageman, Gregory] Univ Utah Hlth Care, Moran Eye Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Iyengar, Sudha K.; Igo, Robert P., Jr.; Truitt, Barbara] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Klein, Michael L.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Casey Eye Inst, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Snodderly, D. Max] Univ Texas Austin, Sch Biol Sci, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Gehrs, Karen M.] Univ Iowa Hosp & Clin, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Wallace, Robert B.] Univ Iowa, Dept Epidemiol, Iowa City, IA USA. [Robinson, Jennifer] Univ Iowa Hlth Care, Dept Med, Iowa City, IA USA. [LeBlanc, Erin S.] Kaiser Permanente Ctr Hlth Res, Portland, OR USA. [Tinker, Lesley] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. RP Mares, JA (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, 610 N Walnut St,1069 WARF, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM Jmarespe@wisc.edu FU National Institutes of Health, National Eye Institute [EY013018, EY016886]; Research to Prevent Blindness; Retina Research Foundation; Carl and Mildred Reeves Foundation; National Eye Institute [EY011600]; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (The Women's Health Initiative), National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services [HHSN268201100046C, HHSN268201100001C, HHSN268201100002C, HHSN268201100003C, HHSN268201100004C, HHSN271201100004C] FX Supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health, National Eye Institute (Grants EY013018, EY016886), the Research to Prevent Blindness, the Retina Research Foundation, and the Carl and Mildred Reeves Foundation. Additional support from the National Eye Institute (EY011600, PSB), the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (The Women's Health Initiative), National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services through contracts HHSN268201100046C, HHSN268201100001C, HHSN268201100002C, HHSN268201100003C, HHSN268201100004C, and HHSN271201100004C. NR 104 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 11 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI ROCKVILLE PA 12300 TWINBROOK PARKWAY, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-1606 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 54 IS 3 BP 2333 EP 2345 DI 10.1167/iovs.12-10867 PG 13 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 117GV UT WOS:000316942400097 PM 23404124 ER PT J AU Unbehend, M Hanniger, S Meagher, RL Heckel, DG Groot, AT AF Unbehend, Melanie Haenniger, Sabine Meagher, Robert L. Heckel, David G. Groot, Astrid T. TI Pheromonal Divergence Between Two Strains of Spodoptera frugiperda SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Sexual communication; Male attraction; Fall armyworm; Corn- and rice-strain; Synthetic pheromone lures; Dose-response experiments; Lepidoptera; Noctuidae; Sympatric speciation ID FALL ARMYWORM LEPIDOPTERA; NOCTUIDAE HOST STRAINS; FRAGMENT-LENGTH-POLYMORPHISMS; MEDIATED FLIGHT MANEUVERS; INSECT SEX-PHEROMONES; JE-SMITH LEPIDOPTERA; TRICHOPLUSIA-NI; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION; INDIVIDUAL VARIATION AB Spodoptera frugiperda consists of two genetically and behaviorally different strains, the corn- and the rice-strain, which seem to be in the process of sympatric speciation. We investigated the role of strain-specific sexual communication as a prezygotic mating barrier between both strains by analyzing strain-specific variation in female pheromone composition of laboratory and field strains, and also male attraction in wind tunnel and field experiments. Laboratory-reared and field-collected females from Florida exhibited strain-specific differences in their relative amount of (Z)-7-dodecenyl acetate (Z7-12:OAc) and (Z)-9-dodecenyl acetate (Z9-12:OAc). In wind tunnel assays, we did not find strain-specific attraction of males to females. However, in field experiments in Florida, we observed some differential attraction to synthetic pheromone blends. In a corn field, the corn-strain blend attracted more males of both strains than the rice-strain blend, but both blends were equally attractive in a grass field. Thus, habitat-specific volatiles seemed to influence male attraction to pheromones. In dose-response experiments, corn-strain males were more attracted to 2 % Z7-12:OAc than other doses tested, while rice-strain males were attracted to a broader range of Z7-12:OAc (2-10 %). The attraction of corn-strain males to the lowest dose of Z7-12:OAc corresponds to the production of this compound by females; corn-strain females produced significantly smaller amounts of Z7-12:OAc than rice-strain females. Although corn-strain individuals are more restricted in their production of and response to pheromones than rice-strain individuals, it seems that differences in sexual communication between corn- and rice-strain individuals are not strong enough to cause assortative mating. C1 [Unbehend, Melanie; Haenniger, Sabine; Heckel, David G.; Groot, Astrid T.] MPICE, Dept Entomol, D-07745 Jena, Germany. [Meagher, Robert L.] USDA ARS, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Groot, Astrid T.] Univ Amsterdam, Inst Biodivers & Ecosyst Dynam, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Unbehend, M (reprint author), MPICE, Dept Entomol, Hans Knoell Str 8, D-07745 Jena, Germany. EM munbehend@ice.mpg.de RI sebastianovitsch, stepan/G-8507-2013; Heckel, David/K-2138-2013; Groot, Astrid/A-8954-2013 OI Heckel, David/0000-0001-8991-2150; Groot, Astrid/0000-0001-9595-0161 FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [P.S.GR362721]; Max Planck Gesellschaft FX This research was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (P.S.GR362721) and the Max Planck Gesellschaft. We thank Prof. Manfred Ayasse from the Institute of Experimental Ecology at the University of Ulm in Germany for his help with the wind tunnel experiments. Special thanks to Gregg Nuessly from the Everglades Research and Education Center in Belle Glade and to Tommy Toms, Manager of the Graham Farms in Moore Haven, which supported the male trapping experiments in Florida. We thank Antje Schmaltz and Katja Muller (MPICE, Jena, GER) for their assistance in strain-typing trapped males, and Amy Rowley (USDA, Gainesville, FL) for assistance in the field experiments. NR 68 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 7 U2 62 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0098-0331 J9 J CHEM ECOL JI J. Chem. Ecol. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 39 IS 3 BP 364 EP 376 DI 10.1007/s10886-013-0263-6 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 114PN UT WOS:000316754500004 PM 23456344 ER PT J AU Zhang, AJ Leskey, TC Bergh, JC Walgenbach, JF AF Zhang, Aijun Leskey, Tracy C. Bergh, J. Christopher Walgenbach, James F. TI Sex Pheromone Dispenser Type and Trap Design Affect Capture of Dogwood Borer SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Synanthedon scitula; Sesiidae; Sexpheromone; Release rate; Trapping; Rubber septum; Polyethylene vial; 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy acetophenone; Inhibiting effect ID LEPIDOPTERA-SESIIDAE; APPLE ORCHARDS; SYNANTHEDON-TIPULIFORMIS; PEACHTREE BORER; COURTSHIP BEHAVIOR; MATING DISRUPTION; FLIGHT ACTIVITY; CURRANT BORER; BUCKET TRAPS; NOCTUIDAE AB Using a ternary sex pheromone blend [86:6:6 v:v:v (Z,Z)-3,13-octadecadienyl acetate: (E,Z)-2,13-octadecadienyl acetate: (Z,E)-3,13-octadecadienyl acetate], we tested the effect of dispenser type and trap design for capture of dogwood borer (DWB), Synanthedon scitula Harris (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) in apple orchards in West Virginia, Virginia, and North Carolina. Wing-style sticky traps baited with polyethylene vial pheromone dispensers captured more male DWB over the first 2 months than traps baited with rubber septum pheromone dispensers. However, catches in vial-baited traps decreased considerably after the first 2 months, possibly due to the antagonistic effect of 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy acetophenone that diffused from the polyethylene vials. By contrast, traps baited with rubber septum dispensers captured DWB males for at least 6 months; over the last four months of the flight season, catches in traps baited with a rubber septum were greater than those in traps baited with a vial dispenser. Therefore, the rubber septum dispenser is recommended for season-long monitoring of DWB. A release-rate study, using laboratory and field-aged dispensers, demonstrated that desorption of DWB sex pheromone from polyethylene vial or rubber septum dispensers followed first order kinetics, with half-lives of 1.6 and 10.7 months, respectively. Several trap designs, including wing-and delta-style sticky traps, and white and green "bucket-style" traps, baited with rubber septum dispensers were compared in commercial apple orchards for catch of DWB. Bucket traps caught more moths when moth populations were high, because the sticky surfaces of the 1C and delta traps likely became saturated. However, among the commercially available traps tested, no particular design gave consistently higher catches. Further work is needed to explore capture mechanisms and maintenance needs of different trap types. C1 [Zhang, Aijun] USDA ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, BARC West, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Leskey, Tracy C.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Bergh, J. Christopher] Virginia Tech, Alson H Smith Jr Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Winchester, VA 22602 USA. [Walgenbach, James F.] N Carolina State Univ, Mt Hort Res & Extens Stn, Mills River, NC 28759 USA. RP Zhang, AJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, BARC West, 10300 Baltimore Ave Bldg 007,Rm 312, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM aijun.zhang@ars.usda.gov NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 18 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0098-0331 J9 J CHEM ECOL JI J. Chem. Ecol. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 39 IS 3 BP 390 EP 397 DI 10.1007/s10886-013-0251-x PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 114PN UT WOS:000316754500006 PM 23413174 ER PT J AU Rogee, S Talbot, N Caperna, T Bouquet, J Barnaud, E Pavio, N AF Rogee, Sophie Talbot, Neil Caperna, Thomas Bouquet, Jerome Barnaud, Elodie Pavio, Nicole TI New models of hepatitis E virus replication in human and porcine hepatocyte cell lines SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID LOCAL GROCERY STORES; PIG LIVERS SOLD; MACAQUE HEPATOCYTES; CULTURED-CELLS; EXPRESSION; INFECTION; TRANSMISSION; INACTIVATION; EPIBLAST; PROTEIN AB Hepatitis E virus (HEV) causes acute, enterically transmitted hepatitis in human. It is associated with large epidemics in tropical and subtropical regions where it is endemic or with sporadic cases in non-endemic regions. Unlike other hepatitis viruses, HEV has several animal reservoirs. Phylogenetic studies on HEV human and animal sequences, and the identification of cases of direct transmission from animal to human strongly suggest that HEV is a zoonotic agent. The lack of efficient cell culture models limits studies on molecular and cellular aspects of HEV infection and species barrier crossing. The present study reports on the development of two new in vitro models of HEV replication using a human hepatoma-derived cell line, HepaRG, and a porcine embryonic stem cell-derived cell line, PICM-19. These two cell lines have morphological and functional properties similar to primary hepatocytes. These in vitro culture systems support HEV replication and release of encapsidated RNA. These new models represent a powerful tool for studying the viral replication cycle, species barrier crossing and virulence factors. C1 [Rogee, Sophie; Bouquet, Jerome; Barnaud, Elodie; Pavio, Nicole] ANSES, Lab Sante Anim, UMR Virol 1161, F-94706 Maisons Alfort, France. [Rogee, Sophie; Bouquet, Jerome; Barnaud, Elodie; Pavio, Nicole] INRA, UMR Virol 1161, F-94706 Maisons Alfort, France. [Rogee, Sophie; Bouquet, Jerome; Barnaud, Elodie; Pavio, Nicole] Ecole Natl Vet Alfort, UMR Virol 1161, F-94706 Maisons Alfort, France. [Talbot, Neil; Caperna, Thomas] ARS, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Pavio, N (reprint author), ANSES, Lab Sante Anim, UMR Virol 1161, F-94706 Maisons Alfort, France. EM npavio@vet-alfort.fr FU Region Ile-de-France (DIM-Malinf) FX S. R. was supported by a post-doctoral fellowship from Region Ile-de-France (DIM-Malinf). We would like to thank Dr Christiane Guguen-Guillouzo and Dr Philippe Gripon from INSERM for agreeing to our use of the HepaRG cell line. We are grateful to Dr Nathalie Ruvoen and Monica Lora from ONIRIS, Nantes for the generous gift of anti-HEV antibody. NR 38 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 15 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 0022-1317 J9 J GEN VIROL JI J. Gen. Virol. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 94 BP 549 EP 558 DI 10.1099/vir.0.049858-0 PN 3 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 115XL UT WOS:000316845100009 PM 23175242 ER PT J AU He, XH McMahon, S Skinner, C Merrill, P Scotcher, MC Stanker, LH AF He, Xiaohua McMahon, Stephanie Skinner, Craig Merrill, Paul Scotcher, Miles C. Stanker, Larry H. TI Development and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against Shiga toxin 2 and their application for toxin detection in milk SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Cytotoxicity; Immunoassays; Milk; Monoclonal antibodies; Neutralization; Shiga toxin 2 ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; IMMUNO-PCR ASSAY; RECOGNIZES 3 REGIONS; VIRULENCE FACTORS; HEMORRHAGIC COLITIS; EDEMA DISEASE; CHICKEN EGG; TYPE-2 STX2; II VARIANT; B-SUBUNIT AB Human infection by Shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is one of the most prevalent foodborne diseases. Shiga toxin type 2 (Stx2)is the major contributor to hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) and other systemic complications caused by STEC Although outbreaks of HUS due to the consumption of dairy products occur frequently, very few reports are available on assays for the detection of Stx2 in milk. In this study, we describe the development of five high-affinity monoclonal antibodies (dissociation constants below nM range) against Stx2 using a recombinant toxoid as an immunogen. These antibodies, designated Stx2-1, Stx2-2, Stx2-3, Stx2-4, and Stx2-5 are IgG1 or IgG2a heavy-chain subclass with kappa light-chains, did not cross-react with Stx1 and showed different preferences to variants of Stx2. Western blot analyses demonstrate that mAbs Stx2-2 and Stx2-5 bind both the A- and B-subunits, whereas the other 3 mAbs bind the A-subunit of Stx2a only. All antibodies bound stronger to the native than to the denatured Stx2a except the mAb Stx2-3, which bound equally well to both forms of the toxin. Of the five mAbs, Stx2-5 was capable of neutralizing Stx2a mediated cytotoxicity in Vero cells. Highly sensitive ELISA and immuno-PCR assays, capable of detecting 1 and 0.01 pg/mL of Stx2a in milk, were developed using mAb pair Stx2-1 and Stx2-2. Such assays are useful for routine diagnosis of Stx2 contamination in milk production process, thus reducing the risk of STEC outbreaks. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [He, Xiaohua; McMahon, Stephanie; Skinner, Craig; Merrill, Paul; Scotcher, Miles C.; Stanker, Larry H.] USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, ARS, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP He, XH (reprint author), USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, ARS, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM xiaohua.he@ars.usda.gov; larry.stanker@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS National Program NP108 CRIS [5325-42000-048-00D] FX This research was supported by USDA-ARS National Program NP108 CRIS project 5325-42000-048-00D. The U.S. Department of Agriculture is an equal opportunity provider and employer. We thank Dr. Robert E. Mandrell and Beatriz Quinones for providing all STEC strains; Dr. Robert Hnasko and Luisa Cheng for reviewing the manuscript. NR 53 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1759 EI 1872-7905 J9 J IMMUNOL METHODS JI J. Immunol. Methods PD MAR PY 2013 VL 389 IS 1-2 BP 18 EP 28 DI 10.1016/j.jim.2012.12.005 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology GA 114BD UT WOS:000316714100003 PM 23279946 ER PT J AU Shreve, JT Shukle, RH Subramanyam, S Johnson, AJ Schemerhorn, BJ Williams, CE Stuart, JJ AF Shreve, Jacob T. Shukle, Richard H. Subramanyam, Subhashree Johnson, Alisha J. Schemerhorn, Brandon J. Williams, Christie E. Stuart, Jeffrey J. TI A genome-wide survey of small interfering RNA and microRNA pathway genes in a galling insect SO JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Mayetiola destructor; Hessian fly; Systemic RNA interference; microRNAs; Small interfering RNAs ID HESSIAN FLY DIPTERA; DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; MAYETIOLA-DESTRUCTOR LARVAE; CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; TRIBOLIUM COLEOPTERA; PHYLOGENETIC TREES; SALIVARY-GLANDS; CLUSTAL-W; WHEAT; RESISTANCE AB Deployment of resistance (R) genes is the most effective control for Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor (Say); however, deployment of R genes results in an increased frequency of pest genotypes that display virulence to them. RNA interference (RNAi) is a useful reverse genetics tool for studying such insect virulence pathways, but requires a systemic phenotype, which is not found in all species. In an effort to correlate our observed weak RNAi phenotype in M. destructor with a genetic basis, we have aggregated and compared RNAi related genes across M. destructor, three other insect species, and the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. We report here the annotation of the core genes in the small interfering RNA (siRNA) and microRNA (miRNA) pathways in M. destructor. While most of the miRNA pathway genes were highly conserved across the species studied, the siRNA pathway genes showed increased relative variability in comparison to the miRNA pathway. In particular, the Piwi/Argonaute/Zwille (PAZ) domain of Dicer-2 (DCR-2) had the least amount of sequence similarity of any domain among species surveyed, with a trend of increased conservation in those species with amenable systemic RNAi. A homolog of the systemic interference defective-1.(Sid-1) gene of C elegans was also not annotated in the M. destructor genome. Indeed, it is of interest that a Sid-1 homolog has not been detected in any dipteran species to date. We hypothesize the sequence architecture of the PAZ domain in the M. destructor DCR-2 protein is related to reduced efficacy of this enzyme and this taken together with the lack of a Sid-1 homolog may account for the weak RNAi response observed to date in this species as well as other dipteran species. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Shreve, Jacob T.; Shukle, Richard H.; Johnson, Alisha J.; Schemerhorn, Brandon J.; Williams, Christie E.; Stuart, Jeffrey J.] Purdue Univ, Dept Entomol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Subramanyam, Subhashree] Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Shukle, Richard H.; Johnson, Alisha J.; Schemerhorn, Brandon J.; Williams, Christie E.] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Crop Prod & Pest Control Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Shukle, RH (reprint author), Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Entomol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM shukle@purdue.edu OI Schemerhorn, Brandon/0000-0003-0247-478X FU USDA-ARS CRIS [3602-22000-016-00D] FX We thank John Shukle for the statistical analyses done in conjunction with this study. This is a joint contribution of the USDA-ARS and Purdue University and was supported through USDA-ARS CRIS number 3602-22000-016-00D. NR 75 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 28 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-1910 J9 J INSECT PHYSIOL JI J. Insect Physiol. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 59 IS 3 BP 367 EP 376 DI 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2012.11.009 PG 10 WC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology SC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology GA 114XK UT WOS:000316776100016 PM 23232437 ER PT J AU Szewczyk, E Kasuga, T Fan, ZL AF Szewczyk, Edyta Kasuga, Takao Fan, Zhiliang TI Efficient sequential repetitive gene deletions in Neurospora crassa employing a self-excising beta-recombinase/six cassette SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Neurospora crassa; beta-Recombinase; Repetitive gene deletion; Recyclable self-excising marker ID SITE-SPECIFIC RECOMBINATION; ASPERGILLUS-NIDULANS; PLASMID PSM19035; TRICHODERMA-REESEI; HYPOCREA-JECORINA; FILAMENTOUS FUNGI; CRE RECOMBINASE; SYSTEM; TRANSFORMATION; MARKER AB Despite its long-standing history as a model organism, Neurospora crassa has limited tools for repetitive gene deletions utilizing recyclable self-excising marker systems. Here we describe, for the first time, the functionality of a bacterial recombination system employing beta-recombinase acting on six recognition sequences (beta-rec/six) in N. crassa, which allowed repetitive site-specific gene deletion and marker recycling. We report generating the mus-51 deletion strain using this system, recycling the marker cassette, and subsequently deleting the global transcriptional regulator gene cre-1. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Szewczyk, Edyta; Fan, Zhiliang] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Kasuga, Takao] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Kasuga, Takao] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Fan, ZL (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM jzfan@ucdavis.edu FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant from the USDA's National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-67009-20060] FX We thank Dr. Sven Krappmann (Julius-Maximilians-Universitat, Wurzburg) for the generous gift of pSK529 and constructive discussions, as well as communications and advice. This project was supported by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant No. 2011-67009-20060 from the USDA's National Institute of Food and Agriculture. The authors thank Professor Rebecca Parales for the NanoDrop equipment and Drs. Ravi Bhat and Greg Browne for support in performing Southern blots. NR 65 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7012 J9 J MICROBIOL METH JI J. Microbiol. Methods PD MAR PY 2013 VL 92 IS 3 BP 236 EP 243 DI 10.1016/j.mimet.2012.12.004 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 111PG UT WOS:000316532600002 PM 23246910 ER PT J AU Li, SX Ridenour, JB Kim, H Hirsch, RL Rupe, JC Bluhm, BH AF Li, Shuxian Ridenour, John B. Kim, Hun Hirsch, Robert L. Rupe, John C. Bluhm, Burton H. TI Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of the soybean pathogen Phomopsis longicolla SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Agrobacterium-mediated transformation; Phomopsis longicolla; Phomopsis seed decay; GFP expression ID SP SEED INFECTION; PLANTING DATE; DECAY; QUALITY; YIELD; PERFORMANCE; RESISTANCE; GENOTYPES; CULTIVAR; GENE AB To facilitate functional genomics in the soybean pathogen Phomopsis longicolla, we developed a robust Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation system that yielded 150-250 transformants per 1 x 10(6) conidia of P. longicolla. This first report of P. longicolla transformation provides a useful tool for insertional mutagenesis in an increasingly important pathogen of soybean. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Li, Shuxian] USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Ridenour, John B.; Kim, Hun; Hirsch, Robert L.; Rupe, John C.; Bluhm, Burton H.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Plant Pathol, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Bluhm, BH (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Plant Pathol, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM bbluhm@uark.edu OI Ridenour, John/0000-0003-0852-2981 FU United Soybean Board [1261]; USDA-ARS project [6402-21220-010-00] FX We thank Dr. Stephen Marek at Oklahoma State University for providing the A. tumefaciens strain AGL-1, and Dr. Thomas Mitchell at Ohio State University for providing the vector pBHt2_sGFP. This research was partially funded by the United Soybean Board (Project# 1261) and the USDA-ARS project 6402-21220-010-00. NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7012 J9 J MICROBIOL METH JI J. Microbiol. Methods PD MAR PY 2013 VL 92 IS 3 BP 244 EP 245 DI 10.1016/j.mimet.2012.12.015 PG 2 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 111PG UT WOS:000316532600003 PM 23305924 ER PT J AU Nelson, J Spies, P AF Nelson, Jennifer Spies, Paul TI The Upper Chester River watershed: Lessons learned from a focused, highly partnered, voluntary approach to conservation SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article C1 [Nelson, Jennifer] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Watershed Project, Centerville, MD USA. [Spies, Paul] Chester River Assoc, Chestertown, MD USA. RP Nelson, J (reprint author), Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Watershed Project, Centerville, MD USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD MAR-APR PY 2013 VL 68 IS 2 BP 41A EP 44A DI 10.2489/iswc.68.2.41A PG 4 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 106QF UT WOS:000316159100002 ER PT J AU Reba, ML Daniels, M Chen, YS Sharpley, A Bouldin, J Teague, TG Daniel, P Henry, CG AF Reba, Michele L. Daniels, Mike Chen, Yushun Sharpley, Andrew Bouldin, Jennifer Teague, Tina Gray Daniel, Pearl Henry, Chris G. TI A statewide network for monitoring agricultural water quality and water quantity in Arkansas SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; MISSISSIPPI RIVER-BASIN; PHOSPHORUS; SEDIMENTS; NITROGEN; HYPOXIA C1 [Reba, Michele L.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Jonesboro, AR USA. [Daniels, Mike; Daniel, Pearl] Univ Arkansas, Div Agr, Cooperat Extens Serv, Little Rock, AR 72204 USA. [Chen, Yushun] Univ Arkansas, Pine Buff, AR USA. [Sharpley, Andrew] Univ Arkansas, Dept Crop Soil & Environm Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Bouldin, Jennifer] Arkansas State Univ, Ecotoxicol Res Facil, Jonesboro, AR USA. [Teague, Tina Gray] Arkansas State Univ, Coll Agr & Technol, Jonesboro, AR USA. [Henry, Chris G.] Univ Arkansas, Rice Res & Extens Ctr, Stuttgart, AR USA. RP Reba, ML (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Jonesboro, AR USA. NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 14 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD MAR-APR PY 2013 VL 68 IS 2 BP 45A EP 49A DI 10.2489/jswc.68.2.45A PG 5 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 106QF UT WOS:000316159100003 ER PT J AU Zheng, B Campbell, JB Serbin, G Daughtry, CST AF Zheng, B. Campbell, J. B. Serbin, G. Daughtry, C. S. T. TI Multitemporal remote sensing of crop residue cover and tillage practices: A validation of the minNDTI strategy in the United States SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE crop residue; Landsat; minNDTI; multitemporal; remote sensing; tillage ID SPECTRAL PROPERTIES; LANDSAT IMAGERY; SOIL; REFLECTANCE; MANAGEMENT; IMPACTS AB Accurate, site-specific tillage information forms an important dimension for development of effective agricultural management practices and policies. Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) imagery provides the opportunity for systematic mapping of tillage practices via crop residue (plant litter or senescent or nonphotosynthetic vegetation) cover (CRC) estimation at broad scales because of its repetitive coverage of the Earth's land areas over several decades. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a multitemporal approach using the minimum values of Normalized Difference Tillage Index (minNDTI) for assessing CRC at multiple locations over several years. Local models, were generated for each dataset. In addition, we tested the feasibility of a regional model in mapping CRC. Results show that the minNDTI method was able to estimate CRC, and a regional model is possible. We found that in addition to the known impact of emergent green vegetation, soil moisture and organic carbon (C) can also confound the NDTI signal, thereby underestimating CRC for low-lying wet and dark areas. Accuracy of the minNDTI technique is comparable to the hyperspectral Cellulose Absorption Index (CAI) and the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) Shortwave Infrared Normalized Difference Residue Index (SINDRI) for tillage classification. The minNDTI technique is currently the best for monitoring CRC and tillage practices from space, opening the door for generating field-level tillage maps at broad spatial and temporal scales. C1 [Zheng, B.] Virginia Tech, Dept Geog, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Zheng, B.] Virginia Tech, Geospatial & Environm Anal Program, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Campbell, J. B.] Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Serbin, G.] InuTeq LLc, Remote Sensing & GIS, Washington, DC USA. [Daughtry, C. S. T.] ARS, USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Zheng, B (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Geog, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RI Serbin, Guy/K-7836-2013 OI Serbin, Guy/0000-0001-9345-1772 NR 41 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 5 U2 37 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD MAR-APR PY 2013 VL 68 IS 2 BP 120 EP 131 DI 10.2489/jswc.68.2.120 PG 12 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 106QF UT WOS:000316159100011 ER PT J AU Li, H Cunha, CW O'Toole, D Nicola, AV Knowles, DP Taus, NS AF Li, Hong Cunha, Cristina W. O'Toole, Donal Nicola, Anthony V. Knowles, Donald P. Taus, Naomi S. TI Development of an in vivo system to measure antibody-blocking of ovine herpesvirus 2 entry SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE In vivo system; Sheep; Rabbits; Ovine herpesvirus 2; Neutralizing antibodies; Malignant catarrhal fever ID MALIGNANT CATARRHAL FEVER; NASAL SECRETIONS; INFECTED SHEEP; BISON; CATTLE; FEEDLOT; VIRUS AB Ovine herpesvirus 2 (OvHV-2), the causative agent of sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever (SA-MCF), has never been propagated in vitro. Thus, an alternative to in vitro virus neutralization is needed to assess neutralizing antibody activity to OvHV-2 in SA-MCF vaccine development. An in vivo system in sheep and rabbits was evaluated to determine whether it could be used to assess the ability of antibodies to block OvHV-2 at the entry site by mixing virus and anti-OvHV-2 serum before challenge by intranasal nebulization. A dose of OvHV-2 (106 viral DNA copies) incubated with sheep sera (1:4 final dilution) at 37 degrees C for 1 hr was delivered by intranasal nebulization to sheep and rabbits. All sheep became infected, but the positive serum reduced viral infectivity by approximately 1000 fold based on delayed detection of viral DNA and seroconversion as compared to the negative control group, which received virus treated with negative sheep serum. All rabbits that received the virus mixed with the positive sheep serum, either with or without complement, were protected from the infection while all rabbits in the control groups developed SA-MCF. The data indicate that this type of in vivo system, sheep or rabbits, can be used to assess antibody's ability to block OvHV-2 entry, which is a significant tool for the analysis of protective antibody responses to the virus. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Li, Hong; Cunha, Cristina W.; Knowles, Donald P.; Taus, Naomi S.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Li, Hong; Nicola, Anthony V.; Knowles, Donald P.; Taus, Naomi S.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [O'Toole, Donal] Univ Wyoming, Wyoming State Vet Lab, Laramie, WY 82070 USA. RP Li, H (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM hli@vetmed.wsu.edu FU USDA-ARS CWU [5348-32000-032-00D] FX This work was supported by USDA-ARS CWU 5348-32000-032-00D. The authors thank Shirley Elias and Jan Keller for excellent technical assistance, and Drs. Kevin Lahmers and Robert Mealey for valuable discussion. NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD MAR PY 2013 VL 188 IS 1-2 BP 104 EP 107 DI 10.1016/j.jviromet.2012.12.008 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 115TY UT WOS:000316836000019 PM 23274755 ER PT J AU Zhao, HW Sun, RB Albrecht, U Padmanabhan, C Wang, AR Coffey, MD Girke, T Wang, ZH Close, TJ Roose, M Yokomi, RK Folimonova, S Vidalakis, G Rouse, R Bowman, KD Jin, HL AF Zhao, Hongwei Sun, Ruobai Albrecht, Ute Padmanabhan, Chellappan Wang, Airong Coffey, Michael D. Girke, Thomas Wang, Zonghua Close, Timothy J. Roose, Mikeal Yokomi, Raymond K. Folimonova, Svetlana Vidalakis, Georgios Rouse, Robert Bowman, Kim D. Jin, Hailing TI Small RNA Profiling Reveals Phosphorus Deficiency as a Contributing Factor in Symptom Expression for Citrus Huanglongbing Disease SO MOLECULAR PLANT LA English DT Article DE Huanglongbing; small RNA; miRNA399; disease diagnosis; phosphorus deficiency ID CANDIDATUS LIBERIBACTER-ASIATICUS; INNATE IMMUNITY; ARABIDOPSIS; MICRORNA399; RESPONSES; PLANTS; GENE; STARVATION; INFECTION; PHLOEM AB We identified several HLB-induced citrus small RNAs that can be potentially developed into early diagnostic markers of HLB. Induction of miR399 by Las led to the discovery that HLB-positive trees suffer from phosphorus starvation. Applying phosphorus solutions help reduce HLB symptoms.Huanglongbing (HLB) is a devastating citrus disease that is associated with bacteria of the genus Candidatus Liberibacter (Ca. L.). Powerful diagnostic tools and management strategies are desired to control HLB. Host small RNAs (sRNA) play a vital role in regulating host responses to pathogen infection and are used as early diagnostic markers for many human diseases, including cancers. To determine whether citrus sRNAs regulate host responses to HLB, sRNAs were profiled from Citrus sinensis 10 and 14 weeks post grafting with Ca. L. asiaticus (Las)-positive or healthy tissue. Ten new microRNAs (miRNAs), 76 conserved miRNAs, and many small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) were discovered. Several miRNAs and siRNAs were highly induced by Las infection, and can be potentially developed into early diagnosis markers of HLB. miR399, which is induced by phosphorus starvation in other plant species, was induced specifically by infection of Las but not Spiroplasma citri that causes citrus stubbornua disease with symptoms similar to HLB. We found a 35% reduction of phosphorus in Las-positive citrus trees compared to healthy trees. Applying phosphorus oxyanion solutions to HLB-positive sweet orange trees reduced HLB symptom severity and significantly improved fruit production during a 3-year field trial in south-west Florida. Our molecular, physiological, and field data suggest that phosphorus deficiency is linked to HLB disease symptomology. C1 [Zhao, Hongwei; Padmanabhan, Chellappan; Wang, Airong; Coffey, Michael D.; Vidalakis, Georgios; Jin, Hailing] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Zhao, Hongwei; Sun, Ruobai; Girke, Thomas; Close, Timothy J.; Roose, Mikeal; Jin, Hailing] Univ Calif Riverside, Inst Integrat Genome Biol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Sun, Ruobai; Girke, Thomas; Close, Timothy J.; Roose, Mikeal] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Albrecht, Ute; Bowman, Kim D.] ARS, US Hort Res Lab, USDA, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Wang, Airong; Wang, Zonghua] Fujian Agr & Forestry Univ, Fuzhou 350002, Peoples R China. [Yokomi, Raymond K.] ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Folimonova, Svetlana] Univ Florida, Citrus Res & Educ Ctr, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. [Rouse, Robert] Univ Florida, Immokalee, FL 34142 USA. RP Jin, HL (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM hailingj@ucr.edu FU California Citrus Research Board; Florida Citrus Production Research Advisory Council; Florida Citrus Research and Development Foundation; Citrus Research and Development Foundation, Inc. (700 Experiment Station Road, Lake Alfred, FL, USA) FX This work was supported in part by a grant from the California Citrus Research Board to H.J., in part by grants from the Florida Citrus Production Research Advisory Council and the Florida Citrus Research and Development Foundation to K. B.; Citrus Research and Development Foundation, Inc. (700 Experiment Station Road, Lake Alfred, FL 33850, USA) to R.R. NR 43 TC 25 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 45 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1674-2052 J9 MOL PLANT JI Mol. Plant. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 6 IS 2 BP 301 EP 310 DI 10.1093/mp/sst002 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 118EN UT WOS:000317006000008 PM 23292880 ER PT J AU Yobi, A Wone, BWM Xu, WX Alexander, DC Guo, LN Ryals, JA Oliver, MJ Cushman, JC AF Yobi, Abou Wone, Bernard W. M. Xu, Wenxin Alexander, Danny C. Guo, Lining Ryals, John A. Oliver, Melvin J. Cushman, John C. TI Metabolomic Profiling in Selaginella lepidophylla at Various Hydration States Provides New Insights into the Mechanistic Basis of Desiccation Tolerance SO MOLECULAR PLANT LA English DT Article DE abiotic; environmental stress; mass spectrometry; metabolomics; oxidative; photooxidative stress; desiccation tolerance; Selaginella ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; RESURRECTION PLANT; SPOROBOLUS-STAPFIANUS; ABIOTIC STRESS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; COMPATIBLE SOLUTE; XEROPHYTA-VISCOSA; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; POLYOL OSMOLYTES AB Non-biased, high-throughput metabolomic profiling in Selaginella lepidophylla at various hydration states characterized a total of 251 metabolites including constitutive, highly abundant sugars, inducible osmoprotectants, antioxidants, and sunscreens that likely act in concert to facilitate desiccation tolerance.Selaginella lepidophylla is one of only a few species of spike mosses (Selaginellaceae) that have evolved desiccation tolerance (DT) or the ability to resurrect from an air-dried state. In order to understand the metabolic basis of DT, S. lepidophylla was subjected to a five-stage, rehydration/dehydration cycle, then analyzed using non-biased, global metabolomics profiling technology based on GC/MS and UHLC/MS/MS2 platforms. A total of 251 metabolites including 167 named (66.5%) and 84 (33.4%) unnamed compounds were characterized. Only 42 (16.7%) and 74 (29.5%) of compounds showed significantly increased or decreased abundance, respectively, indicating that most compounds were produced constitutively, including highly abundant trehalose, sucrose, and glucose. Several glycolysis/gluconeogenesis and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates showed increased abundance at 100% relative water content (RWC) and 50% RWC. Vanillate, a potent antioxidant, was also more abundant in the hydrated state. Many different sugar alcohols and sugar acids were more abundant in the hydrated state. These polyols likely decelerate the rate of water loss during the drying process as well as slow water absorption during rehydration, stabilize proteins, and scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS). In contrast, nitrogen-rich and -glutamyl amino acids, citrulline, and nucleotide catabolism products (e.g. allantoin) were more abundant in the dry states, suggesting that these compounds might play important roles in nitrogen remobilization during rehydration or in ROS scavenging. UV-protective compounds such as 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)propionate, apigenin, and naringenin, were more abundant in the dry states. Most lipids were produced constitutively, with the exception of choline phosphate, which was more abundant in dry states and likely plays a role in membrane hydration and stabilization. In contrast, several polyunsaturated fatty acids were more abundant in the hydrated states, suggesting that these compounds likely help maintain membrane fluidity during dehydration. Lastly, S. lepidophylla contained seven unnamed compounds that displayed twofold or greater abundance in dry or rehydrating states, suggesting that these compounds might play adaptive roles in DT. C1 [Yobi, Abou; Cushman, John C.] Univ Nevada, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Wone, Bernard W. M.] Univ Nevada, Dept Biol Sci, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Xu, Wenxin; Alexander, Danny C.; Guo, Lining; Ryals, John A.] Metabolon Inc, Durham, NC 27713 USA. [Oliver, Melvin J.] Univ Missouri, USDA, ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Cushman, JC (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Reno, NV 89557 USA. EM jcushman@unr.edu FU USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2007-55100-18374]; Nevada Agricultural Experiment Station [NAES-0341] FX This work was supported, in part, by a grant from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (2007-55100-18374 to M.J.O. and J.C.C.) and by Hatch funding (NAES-0341) from the Nevada Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 115 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 3 U2 62 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1674-2052 EI 1752-9867 J9 MOL PLANT JI Mol. Plant. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 6 IS 2 BP 369 EP 385 DI 10.1093/mp/sss155 PG 17 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 118EN UT WOS:000317006000013 PM 23239830 ER PT J AU Lorch, JM Lindner, DL Gargas, A Muller, LK Minnis, AM Blehert, DS AF Lorch, Jeffrey M. Lindner, Daniel L. Gargas, Andrea Muller, Laura K. Minnis, Andrew M. Blehert, David S. TI A culture-based survey of fungi in soil from bat hibernacula in the eastern United States and its implications for detection of Geomyces destructans, the causal agent of bat white-nose syndrome SO MYCOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE bat; Geomyces; skin infection; white-nose syndrome; wildlife disease ID SP-NOV; PHYLOGENY; PATHOGEN; NUCLEAR; COMPLEX; IDENTIFICATION; COMMUNITIES; DIVERSITY; ANAMORPHS; SEQUENCES AB The recent emergence of white-nose syndrome (WNS), a fungal disease causing unprecedented mortality among hibernating bats of eastern North America, has revealed a knowledge gap regarding fungal communities associated with bats and their hibernacula. We used culture-based techniques to investigate the diversity of fungi in soil samples collected from 24 bat hibernacula in the eastern United States. Ribosomal RNA regions (internal transcribed spacer and partial intergenic spacer) were sequenced to preliminarily characterize isolates. Geomyces species were one of the most abundant and diverse groups cultured, representing approximately 33% of all isolates. Geomyces destructans was isolated from soil samples from three hibernacula in states where WNS is known to occur, and many of the other cultured Geomyces isolates likely represent undescribed taxa. Further characterization of the diversity of fungi that occur in hibernacula both will facilitate an improved understanding of the ecology of G. destructans within this complex fungal community and provide an opportunity to identify characteristics that differentiate G. destructans from non-pathogenic relatives. C1 [Lorch, Jeffrey M.] Univ Wisconsin, Med Sci Ctr, Mol & Environm Toxicol Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Lindner, Daniel L.; Minnis, Andrew M.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Ctr Forest Mycol Res, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Gargas, Andrea] Symbiol LLC, Middleton, WI 53562 USA. [Muller, Laura K.; Blehert, David S.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA. RP Blehert, DS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, 6006 Schroeder Rd, Madison, WI 53711 USA. EM dblehert@usgs.gov OI Lorch, Jeffrey/0000-0003-2239-1252 FU US Fish and Wildlife Service; US Geological Survey; National Speleological Society; US Forest Service FX The authors thank Peter Youngbaer (NSS), Mike Warner (Speleobooks Inc.), and Alan Hicks (NY DEC) for their assistance in coordinating collection of samples and the many individuals who volunteered to collect samples for this project. Financial support was provided to DSB by the US Fish and Wildlife Service, the US Geological Survey and the National Speleological Society and to DLL by the US Forest Service and the US Fish and Wildlife Service. Use of trade, product or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US government. NR 46 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 3 U2 65 PU ALLEN PRESS INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0027-5514 J9 MYCOLOGIA JI Mycologia PD MAR-APR PY 2013 VL 105 IS 2 BP 237 EP 252 DI 10.3852/12-207 PG 16 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 119HM UT WOS:000317088400001 PM 23074174 ER PT J AU Muller, LK Lorch, JM Lindner, DL O'Connor, M Gargas, A Blehert, DS AF Muller, Laura K. Lorch, Jeffrey M. Lindner, Daniel L. O'Connor, Michael Gargas, Andrea Blehert, David S. TI Bat white-nose syndrome: a real-time TaqMan polymerase chain reaction test targeting the intergenic spacer region of Geomyces destructans SO MYCOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE diagnostic test; IGS; pathogen; PCR; wildlife disease ID PCR AMPLIFICATION; FUNGAL PATHOGEN; RIBOSOMAL-DNA; SEQUENCES; INFECTION AB The fungus Geomyces destructans is the causative agent of white-nose syndrome (WNS), a disease that has killed millions of North American hibernating bats. We describe a real-time TaqMan PCR test that detects DNA from G. destructans by targeting a portion of the multicopy intergenic spacer region of the rRNA gene complex. The test is highly sensitive, consistently detecting as little as 3.3 fg genomic DNA from G. destructans. The real-time PCR test specifically amplified genomic DNA from G. destructans but did not amplify target sequence from 54 closely related fungal isolates (including 43 Geomyces spp. isolates) associated with bats. The test was qualified further by analyzing DNA extracted from 91 bat wing skin samples, and PCR results matched histopathology findings. These data indicate the real-time TaqMan PCR method described herein is a sensitive, specific and rapid test to detect DNA from G. destructans and provides a valuable tool for WNS diagnostics and research. C1 [Muller, Laura K.; Blehert, David S.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA. [Lorch, Jeffrey M.] Univ Wisconsin, Med Sci Ctr, Mol & Environm Toxicol Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Lindner, Daniel L.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Ctr Forest Mycol Res, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [O'Connor, Michael] Wisconsin Vet Diagnost Lab, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Gargas, Andrea] Symbiol LLC, Middleton, WI 53562 USA. RP Blehert, DS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, 6006 Schroeder Rd, Madison, WI 53711 USA. EM dblehert@usgs.gov RI Gargas, Andrea/T-1028-2016; OI Gargas, Andrea/0000-0002-6586-047X; Lorch, Jeffrey/0000-0003-2239-1252 FU U.S. Geological Survey; U.S. Forest Service FX We thank A. Minnis (U.S. Forest Service) for assistance with phylogenetic analyses. We acknowledge technical assistance provided by B. Berlowski-Zier (U.S. Geological Survey) and M. Banik (U.S. Forest Service). D.S.B. was financially supported by the U.S. Geological Survey and D.L.L. by the U.S. Forest Service. Use of trade, product or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 24 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 35 PU ALLEN PRESS INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0027-5514 J9 MYCOLOGIA JI Mycologia PD MAR-APR PY 2013 VL 105 IS 2 BP 253 EP 259 DI 10.3852/12-242 PG 7 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 119HM UT WOS:000317088400002 PM 22962349 ER PT J AU Palumbo, JD O'Keeffe, TL Gorski, L AF Palumbo, Jeffrey D. O'Keeffe, Teresa L. Gorski, Lisa TI Multiplex PCR analysis of fumonisin biosynthetic genes in fumonisin-nonproducing Aspergillus niger and A. awamori strains SO MYCOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Aspergilli; atoxigenic; mycotoxins; raisins; vineyards ID FUSARIUM-VERTICILLIOIDES; GIBBERELLA-MONILIFORMIS; CALIFORNIA RAISINS; BLACK ASPERGILLI; AFLATOXIN; FLAVUS; MAIZE; CLUSTER; B-2; CONTAMINATION AB To determine the genetic basis for loss of fumonisin B-2 (FB2) biosynthesis in FB2-nonproducing Aspergillus niger and A. awamori strains, we developed multiplex PCR primer sets to amplify fragments of eight fumonisin biosynthetic pathway (fum) genes. Fragments of all eight fum genes were amplified from FB2-producing A. niger and A. awamori strains; from FB2-nonproducing strains four amplification patterns arose in which one or more fum gene fragments were absent. Southern hybridization analysis of strains yielding patterns 2 and 3 confirmed that loss of FB2 production in A. awamori is associated with gene deletions within the fumonisin biosynthetic gene cluster. In addition, we observed a fifth multiplex amplification pattern in which all eight fum gene fragments appeared. Reverse transcription-PCR analysis of strains yielding pattern 5 showed that the expression of at least one fum gene was reduced relative to expression in FB2-producing A. niger. This suggests that in these strains loss of FB2 production is a result of structural or regulatory mutations that alter gene expression or function. These results demonstrate a diversity of genotypes within FB2-nonproducing A. niger and A. awamori populations and provide tools useful for identifying certain non-toxigenic strains for industrial or ecological applications. C1 [Palumbo, Jeffrey D.; O'Keeffe, Teresa L.] ARS, Plant Mycotoxin Res Unit, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Gorski, Lisa] ARS, Produce Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Palumbo, JD (reprint author), ARS, Plant Mycotoxin Res Unit, USDA, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM jeffrey.palumbo@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service CRIS [5325-42000-038-00D] FX This work was supported by U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service CRIS project 5325-42000-038-00D. NR 37 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 12 PU ALLEN PRESS INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0027-5514 J9 MYCOLOGIA JI Mycologia PD MAR-APR PY 2013 VL 105 IS 2 BP 277 EP 284 DI 10.3852/11-418 PG 8 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 119HM UT WOS:000317088400004 PM 22962354 ER PT J AU Aoki, T Smith, JA Mount, LL Geiser, DM O'Donnell, K AF Aoki, Takayuki Smith, Jason A. Mount, Lacey L. Geiser, David M. O'Donnell, Kerry TI Fusarium torreyae sp nov., a pathogen causing canker disease of Florida torreya (Torreya taxifolia), a critically endangered conifer restricted to northern Florida and southwestern Georgia SO MYCOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE canker disease; Fusarium torreyae; gene genealogies; gopher wood; molecular phylogenetics; morphology; RPB1; RPB2; stinking cedar ID FUJIKUROI SPECIES COMPLEX; DNA-SEQUENCE DATABASE; XYLARIOIDES AB During a survey for pathogens of Florida torreya (Torreya taxifolia) in 2009, a novel Fusarium species was isolated from cankers affecting this critically endangered conifer whose current range is restricted to northern Florida and southwestern Georgia. Published multilocus molecular phylogenetic analyses indicated that this pathogen represented a genealogically exclusive, phylogenetically distinct species representing one of the earliest divergences within the Gibberella clade of Fusarium. Furthermore, completion of Koch's postulates established that this novel species was the causal agent of Florida torreya canker disease. Here we formally describe this pathogen as a new species, Fusarium torreyae. Pure cultures of this species produced long and slender multiseptate sporodochial conidia that showed morphological convergence with two distantly related fusaria, reflecting the homoplasious nature of Fusarium conidial morphology. C1 [Aoki, Takayuki] Natl Inst Agrobiol Sci, Genet Resources Ctr MAFF, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058602, Japan. [Smith, Jason A.] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Mount, Lacey L.] Dellavalle Lab Inc, Fresno, CA 93728 USA. [Geiser, David M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [O'Donnell, Kerry] ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Chicago, IL 60604 USA. RP Aoki, T (reprint author), Natl Inst Agrobiol Sci, Genet Resources Ctr MAFF, 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058602, Japan. EM taoki@nias.affrc.go.jp RI Geiser, David/J-9950-2013 NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 27 PU ALLEN PRESS INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0027-5514 EI 1557-2536 J9 MYCOLOGIA JI Mycologia PD MAR-APR PY 2013 VL 105 IS 2 BP 312 EP 319 DI 10.3852/12-262 PG 8 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 119HM UT WOS:000317088400007 PM 23099517 ER PT J AU Huang, Y Wang, QX Gao, J Lin, ZQ Banuelos, GS Yuan, LX Yin, XB AF Huang, Yang Wang, Quanxin Gao, Jin Lin, Zhiqing Banuelos, Gary S. Yuan, Linxi Yin, Xuebin TI Daily Dietary Selenium Intake in a High Selenium Area of Enshi, China SO NUTRIENTS LA English DT Article DE Enshi; selenium; daily dietary intake; hair; selenosis ID HUMAN HEALTH; SPECIATION; POPULATION; YUTANGBA; CANCER; PLANTS; RISK; SOIL AB Enshi is a high selenium (Se) region in Hubei, China, where human selenosis was observed between 1958 and 1963. This study investigated the daily dietary Se intake of residents in Shadi, a town located 72 km northeast of Enshi City, to assess the risk of human selenosis in the high Se area. Foods consumed typically by the local residents and their hair samples were analyzed for total Se concentration. Concentrations of Se in different diet categories were as follows: cereals: 0.96 +/- 0.90 mg kg(-1) DW in rice and 0.43 +/- 0.55 mg kg(-1) DW in corn; tuber: 0.28 +/- 0.56 mg kg(-1) in potato and 0.36 +/- 0.12 mg kg(-1) in sweet potato; vegetables: ranging from 0.23 +/- 1.00 mg kg(-1) in carrot to 1.57 +/- 1.06 mg kg(-1) in kidney bean; animal proteins: 1.99 +/- 1.11 mg kg(-1) in chicken and egg. Based on the food Se concentrations and the daily per-capita consumption, the estimated daily Se intake in Shadi was 550 +/- 307 mu g per capita. Moreover, the Se concentrations in the hairs of local adult residents were 3.13 +/- 1.91 mg kg(-1) (n = 122) and 2.21 +/- 1.14 mg kg(-1) (n = 122) for females and males, C1 [Huang, Yang; Wang, Quanxin; Gao, Jin; Yuan, Linxi; Yin, Xuebin] Univ Sci & Technol China, Sch Earth & Space Sci, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Huang, Yang; Gao, Jin; Yin, Xuebin] USTC, Suzhou Inst, Adv Lab Ecosafety & Human Hlth, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Lin, Zhiqing] So Illinois Univ, Environm Sci Program, Edwardsville, IL 62026 USA. [Banuelos, Gary S.] ARS, USDA, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Yuan, Linxi] Jiangsu Bioengn Res Ctr Selenium, Suzhou 215123, Peoples R China. RP Yin, XB (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol China, Sch Earth & Space Sci, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China. EM rabbit616@mail.ustc.edu.cn; kepu@mail.ustc.edu.cn; gaofei@mail.ustc.edu.cn; zhlin@siue.edu; gary.banuelos@ars.usda.gov; yuanli@mail.ustc.edu.cn; xbyin@ustc.edu.cn FU Natural Science Youth Foundation of Jiangsu Province for Youth, China [BK2012202]; State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture; Institute of Soil Science; Chinese Academy of Sciences [Y052010020]; SOA Key Laboratory for Polar Science; Polar Research Institute of China [KP201106]; National Science Foundation of China [NSFC 40601088]; Jiangsu Research-Industry Joint Innovation Project [BY2011186]; Suzhou Leading Talent Project [ZXL2010045] FX This work was supported by the Natural Science Youth Foundation of Jiangsu Province for Youth, China (BK2012202), the Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, the Institute of Soil Science, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Y052010020), the Open Fund of SOA Key Laboratory for Polar Science, the Polar Research Institute of China (KP201106), the National Science Foundation of China (NSFC 40601088), the Jiangsu Research-Industry Joint Innovation Project (BY2011186) and the Suzhou Leading Talent Project (ZXL2010045). NR 42 TC 10 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 62 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-6643 J9 NUTRIENTS JI Nutrients PD MAR PY 2013 VL 5 IS 3 BP 700 EP 710 DI 10.3390/nu5030700 PG 11 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 112RM UT WOS:000316610400006 PM 23462585 ER PT J AU Baker, JT Mahan, JR Gitz, DC Lascano, RJ Ephrath, JE AF Baker, J. T. Mahan, J. R. Gitz, D. C. Lascano, R. J. Ephrath, J. E. TI Comparison of deficit irrigation scheduling methods that use canopy temperature measurements SO PLANT BIOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE irrigation; canopy temperature; cotton ID WATER-STRESS-INDEX; INFRARED THERMOMETRY; POTENTIAL DEPRESSIONS; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; CROP; COTTON; WHEAT; CORN; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; ALFALFA AB Canopy temperature (Tc) provides an easy-to-acquire indication of crop water deficit that has been used in irrigation scheduling systems, but interpretation of this measurement has proven difficult. We compared the timing of irrigation application of the Stress Time (ST) method of irrigation scheduling with the Stress Degree Hours (SDH) method on deficit irrigated cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) where each irrigation event delivered 5mm of water through subsurface drip tape. A well-watered (WW) control and a dry land (DL) treatment were also part of the experimental design. We used data collected from the WW and DL treatments to develop upper and lower baselines for the Crop Water Stress Index (CWSI) appropriate for cotton grown at our location. The ST method detected drought stress earlier in the growing season when both the SDH and CWSI indicated very little drought stress. The SDH method resulted in the application of irrigations relatively later in the growing season when the CWSI also detected higher levels of drought stress. These results suggest that the adding certain micrometeorological variables to simple Tc methods of deficit irrigation scheduling may improve the ability to detect and quantify the degree of crop drought stress. C1 [Baker, J. T.] ARS, USDA, Plant Stress & Water Conservat Lab, Big Spring, TX 79720 USA. [Mahan, J. R.; Gitz, D. C.; Lascano, R. J.] ARS, USDA, Plant Stress & Water Conservat Lab, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. [Ephrath, J. E.] Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Wyler Dept Dryland Agr, Jacob Blaustein Inst Desert Res, IL-84990 Midreshet Ben Gurion, Ben Gurion, Israel. RP Baker, JT (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Plant Stress & Water Conservat Lab, 302 West I-20, Big Spring, TX 79720 USA. EM Jeff.Baker@ars.usda.gov RI EPHRATH, JHONATHAN/F-1768-2012 FU USDA-Agricultural Research Service; Kansas State University; Texas AgriLife Research; Texas AgriLife Extension Service; Texas Tech University; West Texas AM University FX The technical support of Charles Yates and Cathy Lester in conducting these experiments is gratefully acknowledged. This research was supported in part by the Ogallala Aquifer Program, a consortium between USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Kansas State University, Texas AgriLife Research, Texas AgriLife Extension Service, Texas Tech University, and West Texas A&M University. NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 40 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1126-3504 J9 PLANT BIOSYST JI Plant Biosyst. PD MAR 1 PY 2013 VL 147 IS 1 BP 40 EP 49 DI 10.1080/11263504.2012.736423 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 121UA UT WOS:000317268600006 ER PT J AU Liang, CY Pineros, MA Tian, J Yao, ZF Sun, LL Liu, JP Shaff, J Coluccio, A Kochian, LV Liao, H AF Liang, Cuiyue Pineros, Miguel A. Tian, Jiang Yao, Zhufang Sun, Lili Liu, Jiping Shaff, Jon Coluccio, Alison Kochian, Leon V. Liao, Hong TI Low pH, Aluminum, and Phosphorus Coordinately Regulate Malate Exudation through GmALMT1 to Improve Soybean Adaptation to Acid Soils SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L; XENOPUS-OOCYTES; MULTIPLE GENES; ROOT-GROWTH; MALIC-ACID; NUTRIENT-UPTAKE; SORGHUM PLANTS; PROTON RELEASE; ORGANIC-ACIDS; 2 CULTIVARS AB Low pH, aluminum (Al) toxicity, and low phosphorus (P) often coexist and are heterogeneously distributed in acid soils. To date, the underlying mechanisms of crop adaptation to these multiple factors on acid soils remain poorly understood. In this study, we found that P addition to acid soils could stimulate Al tolerance, especially for the P-efficient genotype HN89. Subsequent hydroponic studies demonstrated that solution pH, Al, and P levels coordinately altered soybean (Glycine max) root growth and malate exudation. Interestingly, HN89 released more malate under conditions mimicking acid soils (low pH, +P, and +Al), suggesting that root malate exudation might be critical for soybean adaptation to both Al toxicity and P deficiency on acid soils. GmALMT1, a soybean malate transporter gene, was cloned from the Al-treated root tips of HN89. Like root malate exudation, GmALMT1 expression was also pH dependent, being suppressed by low pH but enhanced by Al plus P addition in roots of HN89. Quantitative real-time PCR, transient expression of a GmALMT1-yellow fluorescent protein chimera in Arabidopsis protoplasts, and electrophysiological analysis of Xenopus laevis oocytes expressing GmALMT1 demonstrated that GmALMT1 encodes a root cell plasma membrane transporter that mediates malate efflux in an extracellular pH-dependent and Al-independent manner. Overexpression of GmALMT1 in transgenic Arabidopsis, as well as overexpression and knockdown of GmALMT1 in transgenic soybean hairy roots, indicated that GmALMT1-mediated root malate efflux does underlie soybean Al tolerance. Taken together, our results suggest that malate exudation is an important component of soybean adaptation to acid soils and is coordinately regulated by three factors, pH, Al, and P, through the regulation of GmALMT1 expression and GmALMT1 function. C1 [Liang, Cuiyue; Tian, Jiang; Yao, Zhufang; Sun, Lili] South China Agr Univ, State Key Lab Conservat & Utilizat Subtrop Agrobi, Root Biol Ctr, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Liang, Cuiyue; Pineros, Miguel A.; Liu, Jiping; Shaff, Jon; Coluccio, Alison; Kochian, Leon V.] Cornell Univ, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, USDA, ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Sun, Lili] Chinese Acad Trop Agr Sci, Inst Trop Crop Genet Resources, Danzhou 571737, Peoples R China. RP Liao, H (reprint author), South China Agr Univ, State Key Lab Conservat & Utilizat Subtrop Agrobi, Root Biol Ctr, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM hliao@scau.edu.cn OI Kochian, Leon/0000-0003-3416-089X; Pineros, Miguel/0000-0002-7166-1848 FU National Key Basic Research Special Funds of China [2011CB100301]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31025022] FX This work was supported by the National Key Basic Research Special Funds of China (grant no. 2011CB100301) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 31025022). NR 81 TC 42 Z9 49 U1 8 U2 111 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 161 IS 3 BP 1347 EP 1361 DI 10.1104/pp.112.208934 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 117WP UT WOS:000316984100024 PM 23341359 ER PT J AU Allen, DK Young, JD AF Allen, Doug K. Young, Jamey D. TI Carbon and Nitrogen Provisions Alter the Metabolic Flux in Developing Soybean Embryos SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FATTY-ACID SYNTHESIS; MASS ISOTOPOMER DISTRIBUTIONS; BRASSICA-NAPUS EMBRYOS; IN-VITRO CULTURE; MAX-L-MERR; STEADY-STATE; AMINO-ACIDS; PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE; PROTEIN-CONCENTRATION; BETA-CONGLYCININ AB Soybean (Glycine max) seeds store significant amounts of their biomass as protein, levels of which reflect the carbon and nitrogen received by the developing embryo. The relationship between carbon and nitrogen supply during filling and seed composition was examined through a series of embryo-culturing experiments. Three distinct ratios of carbon to nitrogen supply were further explored through metabolic flux analysis. Labeling experiments utilizing [U-C-13(5)]glutamine, [U-C-13(4)]asparagine, and [1,2-C-13(2)]glucose were performed to assess embryo metabolism under altered feeding conditions and to create corresponding flux maps. Additionally, [U-C-14(12)]sucrose, [U-C-14(6)]glucose, [U-C-14(5)]glutamine, and [U-C-14(4)]asparagine were used to monitor differences in carbon allocation. The analyses revealed that: (1) protein concentration as a percentage of total soybean embryo biomass coincided with the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio; (2) altered nitrogen supply did not dramatically impact relative amino acid or storage protein subunit profiles; and (3) glutamine supply contributed 10% to 23% of the carbon for biomass production, including 9% to 19% of carbon to fatty acid biosynthesis and 32% to 46% of carbon to amino acids. Seed metabolism accommodated different levels of protein biosynthesis while maintaining a consistent rate of dry weight accumulation. Flux through ATP-citrate lyase, combined with malic enzyme activity, contributed significantly to acetyl-coenzyme A production. These fluxes changed with plastidic pyruvate kinase to maintain a supply of pyruvate for amino and fatty acids. The flux maps were independently validated by nitrogen balancing and highlight the robustness of primary metabolism. C1 [Allen, Doug K.] ARS, USDA, Plant Genet Res Unit, St Louis, MO 63132 USA. [Allen, Doug K.] Donald Danforth Plant Sci Ctr, St Louis, MO 63132 USA. [Young, Jamey D.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Young, Jamey D.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Mol Physiol & Biophys, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. RP Allen, DK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Plant Genet Res Unit, St Louis, MO 63132 USA. EM doug.allen@ars.usda.gov RI Young, Jamey/A-5857-2012; Allen, Doug/M-2836-2013 OI Allen, Doug/0000-0001-8599-8946 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service; U.S. National Science Foundation [EF-1105249] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service and the U.S. National Science Foundation (grant no. EF-1105249). NR 99 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 52 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 161 IS 3 BP 1458 EP 1475 DI 10.1104/pp.112.203299 PG 18 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 117WP UT WOS:000316984100032 PM 23314943 ER PT J AU Mandel, JR Nambeesan, S Bowers, JE Marek, LF Ebert, D Rieseberg, LH Knapp, SJ Burke, JM AF Mandel, Jennifer R. Nambeesan, Savithri Bowers, John E. Marek, Laura F. Ebert, Daniel Rieseberg, Loren H. Knapp, Steven J. Burke, John M. TI Association Mapping and the Genomic Consequences of Selection in Sunflower SO PLOS GENETICS LA English DT Article ID MILDEW PLASMOPARA-HALSTEDII; MARKER-ASSISTED SELECTION; DOWNY MILDEW; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; STRUCTURED POPULATIONS; CULTIVATED SUNFLOWER; GENETIC ASSOCIATION; WIDE ASSOCIATION; ORYZA-SATIVA AB The combination of large-scale population genomic analyses and trait-based mapping approaches has the potential to provide novel insights into the evolutionary history and genome organization of crop plants. Here, we describe the detailed genotypic and phenotypic analysis of a sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) association mapping population that captures nearly 90% of the allelic diversity present within the cultivated sunflower germplasm collection. We used these data to characterize overall patterns of genomic diversity and to perform association analyses on plant architecture (i.e., branching) and flowering time, successfully identifying numerous associations underlying these agronomically and evolutionarily important traits. Overall, we found variable levels of linkage disequilibrium (LD) across the genome. In general, islands of elevated LD correspond to genomic regions underlying traits that are known to have been targeted by selection during the evolution of cultivated sunflower. In many cases, these regions also showed significantly elevated levels of differentiation between the two major sunflower breeding groups, consistent with the occurrence of divergence due to strong selection. One of these regions, which harbors a major branching locus, spans a surprisingly long genetic interval (ca. 25 cM), indicating the occurrence of an extended selective sweep in an otherwise recombinogenic interval. C1 [Mandel, Jennifer R.; Nambeesan, Savithri; Bowers, John E.; Burke, John M.] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Biol, Miller Plant Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Marek, Laura F.] ARS, North Cent Reg Plant Intro Stn, USDA, Ames, IA USA. [Ebert, Daniel; Rieseberg, Loren H.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Bot, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Rieseberg, Loren H.] Indiana Univ, Dept Biol, Bloomington, IN USA. [Knapp, Steven J.] Monsanto Co, Woodland, CA USA. RP Mandel, JR (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Biol, Miller Plant Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM jmburke@uga.edu RI Bowers, John/B-9245-2009; Burke, John/A-3502-2013; OI Burke, John/0000-0002-1412-5539; Rieseberg, Loren/0000-0002-2712-2417 FU USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2008-35300-19263]; NSF Plant Genome Research Program [DBI-0820451]; USDA/DOE Plant Feedstocks Genomics Joint Program [ER 64664]; Genome BC; Genome Canada; Advanta Semillas; Dow Agrosciences; Pioneer Hi-Bred; Syngenta; Georgia Research Alliance FX This work was supported by funding from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (2008-35300-19263), the NSF Plant Genome Research Program (DBI-0820451), the USDA/DOE Plant Feedstocks Genomics Joint Program (ER 64664), Genome BC (http://www.genomebc.ca), Genome Canada (http://www.genomecanada.ca), Advanta Semillas (http://www.advantasemillas.com.ar/en/#/prehome), Dow Agrosciences (www.dowagro.com/), Pioneer Hi-Bred (pioneer.com), Syngenta (syngenta.com), and the Georgia Research Alliance (gra.org). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.; This study was funded by Advanta Semillas, Dow Agrosciences, Pioneer Hi-Bred, and Syngenta. There are no patents, products in development, or marketed products to declare. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLOS Genetics policies on sharing data and materials, as detailed online in the guide for authors. NR 63 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 50 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-7404 J9 PLOS GENET JI PLoS Genet. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 9 IS 3 AR e1003378 DI 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003378 PG 13 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 116EY UT WOS:000316866700053 PM 23555290 ER PT J AU Di Bari, MA Nonno, R Castilla, J D'Agostino, C Pirisinu, L Riccardi, G Conte, M Richt, J Kunkle, R Langeveld, J Vaccari, G Agrimi, U AF Di Bari, Michele Angelo Nonno, Romolo Castilla, Joaquin D'Agostino, Claudia Pirisinu, Laura Riccardi, Geraldina Conte, Michela Richt, Juergen Kunkle, Robert Langeveld, Jan Vaccari, Gabriele Agrimi, Umberto TI Chronic Wasting Disease in Bank Voles: Characterisation of the Shortest Incubation Time Model for Prion Diseases SO PLOS PATHOGENS LA English DT Article ID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY; MISFOLDING CYCLIC AMPLIFICATION; CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB-DISEASE; CERVUS-ELAPHUS-NELSONI; IN-VITRO GENERATION; TRANSGENIC MICE; SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY; MULE DEER; SPECIES-BARRIER; PROTEIN ALLOTYPES AB In order to assess the susceptibility of bank voles to chronic wasting disease (CWD), we inoculated voles carrying isoleucine or methionine at codon 109 (Bv109I and Bv109M, respectively) with CWD isolates from elk, mule deer and white-tailed deer. Efficient transmission rate (100%) was observed with mean survival times ranging from 156 to 281 days post inoculation. Subsequent passages in Bv109I allowed us to isolate from all CWD sources the same vole-adapted CWD strain (Bv(109I)CWD), typified by unprecedented short incubation times of 25-28 days and survival times of similar to 35 days. Neuropathological and molecular characterisation of Bv(109I)CWD showed that the classical features of mammalian prion diseases were all recapitulated in less than one month after intracerebral inoculation. Bv(109I)CWD was characterised by a mild and discrete distribution of spongiosis and relatively low levels of protease-resistant PrPSc (PrPres) in the same brain regions. Despite the low PrPres levels and the short time lapse available for its accumulation, end-point titration revealed that brains from terminally-ill voles contained up to 10(8,4) i.c. ID50 infectious units per gram. Bv(109I)CWD was efficiently replicated by protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA) and the infectivity faithfully generated in vitro, as demonstrated by the preservation of the peculiar Bv(109I)CWD strain features on re-isolation in Bv109I. Overall, we provide evidence that the same CWD strain was isolated in Bv109I from the three-cervid species. Bv(109I)CWD showed unique characteristics of "virulence", low PrPres accumulation and high infectivity, thus providing exceptional opportunities to improve basic knowledge of the relationship between PrPSc, neurodegeneration and infectivity. C1 [Di Bari, Michele Angelo; Nonno, Romolo; D'Agostino, Claudia; Pirisinu, Laura; Riccardi, Geraldina; Conte, Michela; Vaccari, Gabriele; Agrimi, Umberto] Ist Super Sanita, Dept Vet Publ Hlth & Food Safety, I-00161 Rome, Italy. [Castilla, Joaquin] Basque Fdn Sci, CIC BioGUNE, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain. [Castilla, Joaquin] Basque Fdn Sci, IKERBASQUE, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain. [Castilla, Joaquin] Basque Fdn Sci, CIC BioGUNE, Bilbao, Bizkaia, Spain. [Castilla, Joaquin] Basque Fdn Sci, IKERBASQUE, Bilbao, Bizkaia, Spain. [Richt, Juergen; Kunkle, Robert] ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. [Langeveld, Jan] Cent Vet Inst Wageningen UR, Dept Infect Biol, Lelystad, Netherlands. RP Di Bari, MA (reprint author), Ist Super Sanita, Dept Vet Publ Hlth & Food Safety, Viale Regina Elena 299, I-00161 Rome, Italy. EM michele.dibari@iss.it RI Castilla, Joaquin/D-5261-2011; NONNO, ROMOLO/C-8323-2015; Vaccari, Gabriele/A-9597-2010; Di Bari, Michele Angelo/C-8327-2015; PIRISINU, LAURA/C-8993-2015; Agrimi, Umberto/C-9956-2015 OI Castilla, Joaquin/0000-0002-2216-1361; NONNO, ROMOLO/0000-0001-7556-1564; Vaccari, Gabriele/0000-0003-0215-3521; Di Bari, Michele Angelo/0000-0003-0943-6823; PIRISINU, LAURA/0000-0002-6548-8225; Agrimi, Umberto/0000-0001-7828-0186 FU European Union (Neuroprion Network of Excellence) [CT-2004-506579]; Alliance Biosecure Foundation; Italian Ministry of Health; Basque Government [PI2010-18]; [AGL2009-11553-C02-01] FX This work was financially supported by the European Union (Neuroprion Network of Excellence, CT-2004-506579), the Alliance Biosecure Foundation ("Vole PMCA" research grant), the Italian Ministry of Health, a national grant from Spain (AGL2009-11553-C02-01) and from the Basque Government (PI2010-18). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 58 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 12 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-7374 J9 PLOS PATHOG JI PLoS Pathog. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 9 IS 3 AR e1003219 DI 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003219 PG 11 WC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology SC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology GA 117LB UT WOS:000316953800023 PM 23505374 ER PT J AU James, JJ Boyd, CS Svejcar, T AF James, Jeremy J. Boyd, Chad S. Svejcar, Tony TI Seed and Seedling Ecology Research to Enhance Restoration Outcomes SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Editorial Material ID NEED C1 [James, Jeremy J.] Univ Calif Agr & Nat Resources, Sierra Foothills Res & Extens Ctr, Browns Valley, CA 95918 USA. [Boyd, Chad S.; Svejcar, Tony] USDA, NRCS, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR 97720 USA. RP James, JJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Agr & Nat Resources, Sierra Foothills Res & Extens Ctr, 8279 Scott Forbes Rd, Browns Valley, CA 95918 USA. EM jjjames@ucanr.edu NR 10 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 28 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 66 IS 2 BP 115 EP 116 DI 10.2111/REM-D-13-00027.1 PG 2 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 113CE UT WOS:000316643000001 ER PT J AU Boyd, CS James, JJ AF Boyd, Chad S. James, Jeremy J. TI Variation in Timing of Planting Influences Bluebunch Wheatgrass Demography in an Arid System SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE perennial bunchgrass; restoration; sagebrush steppe; seedling ecology ID GREAT-BASIN DESERT; BROMUS-TECTORUM; SAGEBRUSH STEPPE; GERMINATION RESPONSE; ELYMUS-ELYMOIDES; GROWTH-RATE; GRASSES; EMERGENCE; ESTABLISHMENT; CHEATGRASS AB Establishing perennial grasses from seed in postdisturbance Wyoming big sagebrush (Artemesia tridentata subsp. wyomingensis Welsh) communities is often unsuccessful, due in part to a lack of knowledge of the seedling ecology of perennial grasses. We examined the influence of planting timing on germination and seedling demography of bluebunch wheatgrass (Pseudoroegneria spicata [Pursh] A. Love) in the northern Great Basin. In 2008 (year 1) and 2009 (year 2) we planted seeds monthly, September December, in 1-m(2) plots (500 seeds per plot) using a randomized block design with five replications. Germination timing was indexed using seed bags placed adjacent to 1-m(2) plots and retrieved at 2-wk intervals in fall and 1-mo intervals in spring. Seedlings were marked in March June of the year following planting; seedlings alive in July were considered initially established. Planting in September and October had up to 80% germination prior to winter, whereas December plantings germinated mainly in spring and at reduced rates (15-35%). Seeds planted in September and October emerged approximately a month earlier than November December plantings. The percentage of germinated seeds that emerged was highest for September October plantings but the percentage of emergent seeds surviving to the end of the first growing season was highest for later plantings. Final seedling density was lowest for November planting in year 1 and highest for September and October planting in year 2. Our data indicate that timing of and performance at critical stages of seedling development were affected by planting month. We suggest that it may be possible to use emerging technologies (e.g., seed coatings or germplasm manipulations) to produce variable chronologies of seedling development with single plantings and allow managers to exploit multiple temporal windows of opportunity for seedling establishment. C1 [Boyd, Chad S.; James, Jeremy J.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR 97720 USA. RP Boyd, CS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, 67826-A Hwy 205, Burns, OR 97720 USA. EM chad.boyd@oregonstate.edu FU USDA-ARS; Oregon State Agricultural Experiment Station FX The Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center is jointly funded by the USDA-ARS and Oregon State Agricultural Experiment Station. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 75 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 29 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 66 IS 2 BP 117 EP 126 DI 10.2111/REM-D-11-00217.1 PG 10 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 113CE UT WOS:000316643000002 ER PT J AU Hardegree, SP Moffet, CA Flerchinger, GN Cho, J Roundy, BA Jones, TA James, JJ Clark, PE Pierson, FB AF Hardegree, Stuart P. Moffet, Corey A. Flerchinger, Gerald N. Cho, Jaepil Roundy, Bruce A. Jones, Thomas A. James, Jeremy J. Clark, Patrick E. Pierson, Frederick B. TI Hydrothermal Assessment of Temporal Variability in Seedbed Microclimate SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE climate; germination; microclimate; model; seed; weather ID PREDICTING GERMINATION RESPONSE; FIELD-TEMPERATURE REGIMES; SURFACE SOIL-TEMPERATURE; TRANSITION MODELS; SIMULTANEOUS HEAT; CUMULATIVE-GERMINATION; GRASSLAND RESTORATION; RANGELAND MANAGEMENT; CONSTANT-TEMPERATURE; SEMIARID RANGELANDS AB The microclimatic requirements for successful seedling establishment are much more restrictive than those required for adult plant survival. The purpose of the current study was to use hydrothermal germination models and a soil energy and water flux model to evaluate intra- and interannual variability in seedbed microclimate relative to potential germination response of six perennial grasses and cheatgrass. We used a 44-yr weather record to parameterize a seedbed microclimate model for estimation of hourly temperature and moisture at seeding depth for a sandy loam soil type at the Orchard Field Test Site in southwestern Ada County, Idaho. Hydrothermal germination response was measured in the laboratory for two seed lots of cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L.), four seed lots of bluebunch wheatgrass (Pseudoroegneria spicata [Pursh] Love), three seed lots of bottlebrush squirreltail (Elymus elymoides [Raf] Swezey), and one seed lot each of Sandberg bluegrass (Poa secunda J. Presl.), big squirreltail (Elymus multisetus [J.G. Smith] M.E. Jones), thickspike wheatgrass (Elymus lanceolatus [Scribn. And J.G. Smith] Gould) and Idaho fescue (Festuca idahoensis Elmer). Germination response models were developed to estimate potential germination rate for 13 subpopulations of each seed lot for every hour of the 44-yr simulation. Seedbed microclimate was assessed seasonally and for each day, month, and year, and germination rate-sum estimates integrated for a numerical index of relative site favorability for germination for each time period. The rate-sum favorability index showed a consistent pattern among seed lots for different years, and provides a relatively sensitive indicator of annual and seasonal variability in seedbed microclimate. This index could be used with field data to define minimum weather thresholds for successful establishment of alternative plant materials, in conjunction with weather forecast models for making restoration and fire-rehabilitation management decisions in the fall season, for evaluation of potential climate-change impacts on plant community trajectories, and in optimization schemes for selecting among alternative restoration/rehabilitation management scenarios. C1 [Hardegree, Stuart P.; Flerchinger, Gerald N.; Cho, Jaepil; Clark, Patrick E.; Pierson, Frederick B.] ARS, USDA, Northwest Watershed Res Ctr, Boise, ID 83712 USA. [Moffet, Corey A.] Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA. [Roundy, Bruce A.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Plant & Wildlife Sci, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Jones, Thomas A.] ARS, USDA, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [James, Jeremy J.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR 97720 USA. RP Hardegree, SP (reprint author), ARS, Northwest Watershed Res Ctr, USDA, 800 Pk Blvd,Suite 105, Boise, ID 83712 USA. EM stuart.hardegree@ars.usda.gov RI sebastianovitsch, stepan/G-8507-2013; OI Clark, Patrick/0000-0003-4299-1853; Moffet, Corey/0000-0002-7071-7539 FU Bureau of Land Management, Intermountain Greenstripping and Rehabilitation Research Project; USDA-ARS Ecologically Based Invasive Plant Management program FX Research was funded in part by the Bureau of Land Management, Intermountain Greenstripping and Rehabilitation Research Project, and the USDA-ARS Ecologically Based Invasive Plant Management program. NR 75 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 36 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 66 IS 2 BP 127 EP 135 DI 10.2111/REM-D-11-00074.1 PG 9 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 113CE UT WOS:000316643000003 ER PT J AU Boyd, CS Lemos, JA AF Boyd, Chad S. Lemos, Jarrod A. TI Freezing Stress Influences Emergence of Germinated Perennial Grass Seeds SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE bluebunch wheatgrass; emergence; restoration; sagebrush steppe; seedling mortality ID ESTABLISHMENT; ECOSYSTEMS; TOLERANCE; RANGELAND; ECOLOGY AB In sagebrush rangelands perennial bunchgrasses are typically seeded in fall and a high proportion of planted seeds germinate prior to winter onset but fail to emerge in spring. Our objectives were to evaluate freezing tolerance of germinated but nonemergent bluebunch wheatgrass seeds under laboratory conditions. We used data from a 2-yr pilot study to determine overwinter freezing temperature and duration for soils in southeastern Oregon. We then conducted two experiments to assess freezing tolerance. In experiment 1, bluebunch wheatgrass seeds were planted in control pots and compared to seeds planted at early, mid, or late postgermination stages. Pots from each treatment were placed in a grow room maintained at 12 h 40 min light/11 h 20 min dark photoperiod, with a constant temperature of 22 degrees C for 30 d either immediately or following a 30-d freeze. In experiment 2, germinated bluebunch wheatgrass seeds were planted in pots that were left nonfrozen or were frozen for a specified duration prior to a 30-d period in the grow room. Emergence density and tillers seedling(-1) were quantified for both experiments. The number of days per year for freezing soil conditions in the pilot study ranged yearly from 25 to 51; maximum duration of continuous freezing was 16.5 and 11.2 d. Freezing reduced or eliminated seedling emergence at all postgermination stages (P < 0.001) and tiller density was reduced by at least 50% (P < 0.001). Maximum reduction in seedling density (P < 0.001) was realized within 4 d of initiation of freezing and tillers seedling(-1) were reduced 30-70% with >6 d of freezing (P=0.001). Our data indicate that freezing-associated mortality of germinated but nonemergent bluebunch wheatgrass seedlings can be extremely high and suggest that management practices to reduce prewinter germination of seeds could improve subsequent emergence and seeding success. C1 [Boyd, Chad S.; Lemos, Jarrod A.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR 97720 USA. RP Boyd, CS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, 67826-A Hwy 205, Burns, OR 97720 USA. EM chad.boyd@oregonstate.edu NR 28 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 19 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 66 IS 2 BP 136 EP 142 DI 10.2111/REM-D-12-00135.1 PG 7 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 113CE UT WOS:000316643000004 ER PT J AU Parkinson, H Zabinski, C Shaw, N AF Parkinson, Hilary Zabinski, Cathy Shaw, Nancy TI Impact of Native Grasses and Cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) on Great Basin Forb Seedling Growth SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE invasive species; relative growth rate; restoration; revegetation; root morphology ID SAGE-GROUSE; COMPETITION; SAGEBRUSH; ESTABLISHMENT; COMMUNITIES; INVASION; BUNCHGRASSES; PERSISTENCE; ECOSYSTEMS; GRASSLANDS AB Re-establishing native communities that resist exotic weed invasion and provide diverse habitat for wildlife are high priorities for restoration in sagebrush ecosystems. Native forbs are an important component of healthy rangelands in this system, but they are rarely included in seedings. Understanding competitive interactions between forb and grass seedlings is required to devise seeding strategies that can enhance establishment of diverse native species assemblages in degraded sagebrush communities. We conducted a greenhouse experiment to examine seedling biomass and relative growth rate of common native forb species when grown alone or in the presence of a native bunchgrass or an exotic annual grass. Forb species included bigseed biscuitroot (Lomatium macrocarpum [Nutt. ex Torr. & A. Gray] J.M. Coult. & Rose), sulphur-flower buckwheat (Eriogonum umbellatum Torr.), hoary aster (Machaeranthera canescens [Pursh] Gray), royal penstemon (Penstemon speciosus Douglas ex Lindl.), and Munro's globemallow (Sphaeralcea munroana [Douglas ex Lindl.] Spach ex Gray); and neighboring grass species included bottlebrush squirreltail (Elymus elymoides [Raf.] Swezey), Sandberg bluegrass (Poa secunda J. Presl); and cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L.). Forbs and grasses were harvested after 6, 9, or 12 wk of growth for biomass determination and calculation of relative growth rates (RGR) of forbs. Neither bunchgrass reduced biomass of any forb. RGR was reduced for royal penstemon when grown with either native grass and for Munro's globemallow when grown with bottlebrush squirreltail. Although only assessed qualitatively, forbs with vertically oriented root morphologies exhibited no reduction in RGR when grown with native grasses, compared to forbs with dense lateral branching, similar to the root morphology of native grasses. Biomass of forbs was reduced by 50% to 91% and RGR by 37% to 80% when grown with cheatgrass. Understanding native forb interactions with native grasses and cheatgrass will aid land managers in selecting effective seed mixes and making better use of costly seed. C1 [Parkinson, Hilary; Zabinski, Cathy] Montana State Univ, Dept Land Resources & Environm Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Shaw, Nancy] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Boise, ID 83706 USA. RP Zabinski, C (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Dept Land Resources & Environm Sci, POB 173120, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. EM cathyz@montana.edu FU USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station; Great Basin Native Plant Selection and Increase Project; US Dept of the Inferior-Bureau of Land Management Great Basin Restoration Initiative FX Research was funded in part by the USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station, Great Basin Native Plant Selection and Increase Project, and the US Dept of the Inferior-Bureau of Land Management Great Basin Restoration Initiative. NR 40 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 55 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 66 IS 2 BP 174 EP 180 DI 10.2111/REM-D-11-00028.1 PG 7 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 113CE UT WOS:000316643000008 ER PT J AU Robins, JG Jensen, KB Jones, TA Waldron, BL Peel, MD Rigby, CW Vogel, KP Mitchell, RB Palazzo, AJ Cary, TJ AF Robins, Joseph G. Jensen, Kevin B. Jones, Thomas A. Waldron, Blair L. Peel, Michael D. Rigby, Craig W. Vogel, Kenneth P. Mitchell, Robert B. Palazzo, Antonio J. Cary, Timothy J. TI Stand Establishment and Persistence of Perennial Cool-Season Grasses in the Intermountain West and the Central and Northern Great Plains SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE environmental conditions; grass species; precipitation; revegetation ID RUSSIAN WILD RYEGRASS; SEMIARID RANGELANDS; TRITICEAE GRASSES; BROMUS-TECTORUM; SEEDLING VIGOR; CHEATGRASS; COMMUNITIES; VARIETIES AB The choice of plant materials is an important component of revegetation following disturbance. To determine the utility and effectiveness of various perennial grass species for revegetation on varied landscapes, a meta analysis was used to evaluate the stand establishment and persistence of 18 perennial cool-season grass species in 34 field studies in the Intermountain and Great Plains regions of the United States under monoculture conditions. Combined across the 34 studies, stand establishment values ranged from 79% to 43% and stand persistence values ranged from 70% to 0%. Intermediate wheatgrass (Thinopyrum intermedium [Host] Barkworth & D. R. Dewey), tall wheatgrass (Thinopyrum ponticum [Podp.] Z.-W. Liu & R.-C. Wang), crested wheatgrass (Agropyron spp.), Siberian wheatgrass (Agropyron fragile [Roth] P. Candargy), and meadow brome (Bromus riparius Rehmann) possessed the highest stand establishment (>= 69%). There were no significant differences among the 12 species with the largest stand persistence values. Basin wildrye (Leymus cinereus (Scribn. & Merr.) A. Love), Altai wildrye (Leymus angustus [Trin.] Pilg.), slender wheatgrass (Elymus trachycaulus [Link] Gould ex Shinners), squirreltail (Elymus spp.), and Indian ricegrass (Achnatherum hymenoides [Roem. & Schult.] Barkworth) possessed lower stand persistence (<= 32%) than the majority of the other species, and Indian ricegrass (0%) possessed the lowest stand persistence of any of the species. Correlations between environmental conditions and stand establishment and persistence showed mean annual study precipitation to have the most consistent, although moderate effect (r=similar to 0.40) for establishment and persistence. This relationship was shown by the relatively poor stand establishment and persistence of most species at sites receiving less than 310 mm of annual precipitation. These results will be a tool for land managers to make decisions concerning the importance of stand establishment, stand persistence, and annual precipitation for revegetation projects on disturbed sites. C1 [Robins, Joseph G.; Jensen, Kevin B.; Jones, Thomas A.; Waldron, Blair L.; Peel, Michael D.; Rigby, Craig W.] ARS, USDA, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Vogel, Kenneth P.; Mitchell, Robert B.] ARS, USDA, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Palazzo, Antonio J.; Cary, Timothy J.] USACE Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Robins, JG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Forage & Range Res Lab, 6300 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM Joseph.Robins@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 21 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 66 IS 2 BP 181 EP 190 DI 10.2111/REM-D-11-00022.1 PG 10 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 113CE UT WOS:000316643000009 ER PT J AU Davies, KW Nafus, AM Johnson, DD AF Davies, Kirk W. Nafus, Aleta M. Johnson, Dustin D. TI Are Early Summer Wildfires an Opportunity to Revegetate Exotic Annual Grass-Invaded Plant Communities? SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE invasive plants; medusahead; restoration; sagebrush; Taeniatherum caput-medusae; weeds ID SAGE-GROUSE HABITAT; INVASIVE ALIEN PLANTS; BIG SAGEBRUSH STEPPE; SOUTHEASTERN OREGON; PERENNIAL GRASS; FIRE; ESTABLISHMENT; VEGETATION; RANGELAND; DIVERSITY AB Medusahead (Taeniatherum caput-medusae [L.] Nevski) is an exotic annual grass invading western rangelands. Successful revegetation of invaded-plant communities can be prohibitively expensive because it often requires iterative applications of integrated control and revegetation treatments. Prescribed burning has been used to control medusahead and prepare seedbeds for revegetation, but burning has been constrained by liability concerns and has produced widely varying results. Capitalizing on naturally occurring wildfires could reduce revegetation costs and alleviate liability concerns. Thus, our objective was to determine if early summer wildfires and fall drill seeding could be used as a treatment combination to decrease medusahead and increase perennial and native vegetation. Treatments were evaluated pretreatment and for 3 yr postfire at six sites and included 1) an early summer wildfire combined with a seeding treatment (burn and seed) and 2) a nontreated (no burn, no seed) control. Perennial grass density was 4.6- to 10.0-fold greater in the burn-and-seed treatment compared to the control in the first 3 yr posttreatment (P < 0.05). Exotic annual grass density and cover in the third year posttreatment were lower in the burn-and-seed treatment than in the control (P < 0.05). However, exotic annual grass density was still > 130 individuals . m(-2) in the burn-and-seed treatment. The density of exotic annual grass is of concern because over time medusahead may displace perennial grasses and annual forbs that increased with the burn-and-seed treatment. Though not directly tested in this study, we suggest that, based on other research, the burn-and-seed treatment may need to incorporate a preemergent herbicide application to further suppress medusahead and increase the establishment of seeded vegetation. However, it appears that early summer wildfires may provide an opportunity to reduce the cost of integrated programs to revegetate medusahead-invaded plant communities. C1 [Davies, Kirk W.; Nafus, Aleta M.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR 97720 USA. [Johnson, Dustin D.] Oregon State Univ, Burns, OR 97720 USA. RP Davies, KW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, 67826-A Hwy 205, Burns, OR 97720 USA. EM kirk.davies@oregonstate.edu NR 41 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 37 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 66 IS 2 BP 234 EP 240 DI 10.2111/REM-D-12-00034.1 PG 7 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 113CE UT WOS:000316643000015 ER PT J AU Powell, MR Nauta, M Schaffner, D Zwietering, M AF Powell, Mark R. Nauta, Maarten Schaffner, Don Zwietering, Marcel TI Regarding "The Economic Efficiency of Sampling Size: The Case of Beef Trim" SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Letter C1 [Powell, Mark R.] USDA, ORACBA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Nauta, Maarten] Tech Univ Denmark, Div Food Microbiol & Risk Assessment, Lyngby, Denmark. [Schaffner, Don] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Food Sci, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. [Zwietering, Marcel] WUR, Food Microbiol Lab, Wageningen, Netherlands. RP Powell, MR (reprint author), USDA, ORACBA, 1400 Independence Ave,SW Rm 5248 SAG, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM mpowell@oce.usda.gov RI Zwietering, Marcel/C-2479-2008; Nauta, Maarten/B-4376-2017 OI Zwietering, Marcel/0000-0003-2704-5690; Nauta, Maarten/0000-0001-8738-4251 NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0272-4332 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 33 IS 3 BP 350 EP 352 DI 10.1111/risa.12017 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA 109BJ UT WOS:000316339800002 PM 23496433 ER PT J AU Ferrier, PM Buzby, JC AF Ferrier, Peyton M. Buzby, Jean C. TI The Economic Efficiency of Sampling Size: The Case of Beef Trim SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE E; coli O157:H7; Food Safety and Inspection Service; ground beef; n-60; risk; testing error ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; IN-GROUND BEEF; UNITED-STATES; PREHARVEST INTERVENTIONS; RISK-ASSESSMENT; FOOD SAFETY; SEASONAL PREVALENCE; POULTRY RECALLS; ILLNESS; CONTAMINATION AB The economically optimal sample size in a food safety test balances the marginal costs and marginal benefits of increasing the sample size. We provide a method for selecting the sample size when testing beef trim for Escherichia coli O157:H7 that equates the averted costs of recalls and health damages from contaminated meats sold to consumers with the increased costs of testing while allowing for uncertainty about the underlying prevalence rates of contamination. Using simulations, we show that, in most cases, the optimal sample size is larger than the current sample size of 60 and, in some cases, it exceeds 120. Moreover, lots with a lower prevalence rate have a higher expected damage because contamination is more difficult to detect. Our simulations indicate that these lots have a higher optimal sampling rate. C1 [Ferrier, Peyton M.; Buzby, Jean C.] Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20520 USA. RP Ferrier, PM (reprint author), Econ Res Serv, USDA, 1400 Independence Ave SW,Mailstop 1800, Washington, DC 20520 USA. EM pferrier@ers.usda.gov NR 65 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0272-4332 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 33 IS 3 BP 368 EP 384 DI 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2012.01874.x PG 17 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA 109BJ UT WOS:000316339800005 PM 22830311 ER PT J AU Powell, MR AF Powell, Mark R. TI The Economic Efficiency of Sampling Size: The Case of Beef Trim Revisited SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Beef; E; coli O157:H7; food safety; sampling ID IN-GROUND BEEF; RISK-ASSESSMENT; UNITED-STATES; ILLNESS AB A recent paper by Ferrier and Buzby provides a framework for selecting the sample size when testing a lot of beef trim for Escherichia coli O157:H7 that equates the averted costs of recalls and health damages from contaminated meats sold to consumers with the increased costs of testing while allowing for uncertainty about the underlying prevalence of contamination. Ferrier and Buzby conclude that the optimal sample size is larger than the current sample size. However, Ferrier and Buzby's optimization model has a number of errors, and their simulations failed to consider available evidence about the likelihood of the scenarios explored under the model. After correctly modeling microbial prevalence as dependent on portion size and selecting model inputs based on available evidence, the model suggests that the optimal sample size is zero under most plausible scenarios. It does not follow, however, that sampling beef trim for E. coli O157:H7, or food safety sampling more generally, should be abandoned. Sampling is not generally cost effective as a direct consumer safety control measure due to the extremely large sample sizes required to provide a high degree of confidence of detecting very low acceptable defect levels. Food safety verification sampling creates economic incentives for food producing firms to develop, implement, and maintain effective control measures that limit the probability and degree of noncompliance with regulatory limits or private contract specifications. C1 USDA, Off Risk Assessment & Cost Benefit Anal, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Powell, MR (reprint author), USDA, Off Risk Assessment & Cost Benefit Anal, 1400 Independence Ave SW,MS 3811, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM mpowell@oce.usda.gov NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0272-4332 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 33 IS 3 BP 385 EP 396 DI 10.1111/risa.12027 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA 109BJ UT WOS:000316339800006 PM 23496435 ER PT J AU Augustine, DJ Derner, JD AF Augustine, David J. Derner, Justin D. TI Assessing Herbivore Foraging Behavior with GPS Collars in a Semiarid Grassland SO SENSORS LA English DT Article DE activity sensors; classification tree; GPS collars; grazing behavior; herbivore distribution; livestock; rangeland; shortgrass steppe; ungulate ID CATTLE; CLASSIFICATION; PASTURES AB Advances in global positioning system (GPS) technology have dramatically enhanced the ability to track and study distributions of free-ranging livestock. Understanding factors controlling the distribution of free-ranging livestock requires the ability to assess when and where they are foraging. For four years (2008-2011), we periodically collected GPS and activity sensor data together with direct observations of collared cattle grazing semiarid rangeland in eastern Colorado. From these data, we developed classification tree models that allowed us to discriminate between grazing and non-grazing activities. We evaluated: (1) which activity sensor measurements from the GPS collars were most valuable in predicting cattle foraging behavior, (2) the accuracy of binary (grazing, non-grazing) activity models vs. models with multiple activity categories (grazing, resting, traveling, mixed), and (3) the accuracy of models that are robust across years vs. models specific to a given year. A binary classification tree correctly removed 86.5% of the non-grazing locations, while correctly retaining 87.8% of the locations where the animal was grazing, for an overall misclassification rate of 12.9%. A classification tree that separated activity into four different categories yielded a greater misclassification rate of 16.0%. Distance travelled in a 5 minute interval and the proportion of the interval with the sensor indicating a head down position were the two most important variables predicting grazing activity. Fitting annual models of cattle foraging activity did not improve model accuracy compared to a single model based on all four years combined. This suggests that increased sample size was more valuable than accounting for interannual variation in foraging behavior associated with variation in forage production. Our models differ from previous assessments in semiarid rangeland of Israel and mesic pastures in the United States in terms of the value of different activity sensor measurements for identifying grazing activity, suggesting that the use of GPS collars to classify cattle grazing behavior will require calibrations specific to the environment and vegetation being studied. C1 [Augustine, David J.] ARS, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA. [Derner, Justin D.] ARS, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, USDA, Cheyenne, WY 82009 USA. RP Augustine, DJ (reprint author), ARS, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, USDA, 1701 Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA. EM David.Augustine@ars.usda.gov; Justin.Derner@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-Agricultural Research Service FX Research was funded by the USDA-Agricultural Research Service. We thank Patrick McCusker, Jeff Thomas, Troy Smith, Mary Ashby and Matt Mortenson for their assistance in collaring cattle, and Crow Valley Livestock Cooperative for providing the study cattle. We thank Patrick McCusker, Sasha Podolak, Tyler Odell, Emily Klarquist, Kasha Malling, Kayla Bish, Jacy Pannell, Alicia Komloski, Amanda Van Pelt and members of the SGS-LTER field crew for assisting with direct observations of collared cattle. We thank David Smith and Carmen Kennedy for assistance with data management. NR 16 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 8 U2 58 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1424-8220 J9 SENSORS-BASEL JI Sensors PD MAR PY 2013 VL 13 IS 3 BP 3711 EP 3723 DI 10.3390/s130303711 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 112SF UT WOS:000316612900064 PM 23503296 ER PT J AU Novak, JM Watts, DW AF Novak, J. M. Watts, D. W. TI Augmenting soil water storage using uncharred switchgrass and pyrolyzed biochars SO SOIL USE AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Biochar; GRACEnet; soil water storage; switchgrass ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; CARBON AB Biochar is an amendment that can augment soil water storage; however, its projected cost per ton could be financially limiting at field application scales. It may be more monetarily convenient if an alternate amendment was available that could deliver similar soil enhancements. We compared two switchgrass biochars pyrolyzed at 250 and 500 degrees C with raw switchgrass (uncharred) on moisture storage and bulk density changes in a Norfolk loamy sand (fine-loamy, kaolinitic, thermic Typic Kandiudult). Amendments were mixed into triplicate pots at 20g/kg along with untreated controls. Soils were laboratory incubated at 10% moisture content (w/w) for 118days, and the pots were irrigated three times with 1.3 pore volumes of deionized water every 30days. Soil bulk densities were recorded before each irrigation event. Assessment of alterations in soil water storage was examined through cumulative water evaporative losses from incubation day 0 to day 33 and by monitoring soil water contents for 13 consecutive days past each irrigation event. Rankings of soil water evaporative losses were as follows: uncharred switchgrassswitchgrass (500 degrees C)switchgrass (250 degrees C)97% conversion of either phenol using immobilized Candida antarctica lipase B. The reaction products were good solvents for tyrosol or hydroxytyrosol, suggesting a facile manufacturing route not dependent on use of organic solvents. Phenolic derivatives were assessed for their ability to serve as antioxidants for preventing the oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acyl groups. The antioxidant capacities of the cuphea-derived fatty acyl derivatives of tyrosol or hydroxytyrosol were the same as their respective derivatives prepared from decanoic acid. These biobased antioxidants may improve the oxidative stability of sensitive fatty acids in food applications. Practical applications: A new biobased antioxidant was created for the food industry. Foods can contain fats and oils that are susceptible to deterioration during storage, which can limit product quality and shelf-life. Synthetic antioxidants can slow the spoilage process, although there are limitations to how much can be added to foods. The food industry is interested in using natural ingredients to solve storage stability problems. We found that the oil from the plant Cuphea, cultivated in the upper Midwest region of the US, is very useful for modifying olive oil waste molecules to create antioxidants for use in foods. The developed process would be suitable for commercial production. This research creates a new commercial use for a specialty oil seed crop, expands the market for cuphea oil, and has developed two novel antioxidants to help the food industry improve food quality. C1 [Laszlo, Joseph A.; Cermak, Steven C.; Evans, Kervin O.; Compton, David L.; Evangelista, Roque; Berhow, Mark A.] USDA ARS, NCAUR, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Laszlo, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, NCAUR, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Joe.Laszlo@ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 24 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1438-7697 EI 1438-9312 J9 EUR J LIPID SCI TECH JI Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 115 IS 3 BP 363 EP 371 DI 10.1002/ejlt.201200296 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 108BA UT WOS:000316264500015 ER PT J AU Li, C Beck, B Su, BF Terhune, J Peatman, E AF Li, Chao Beck, Benjamin Su, Baofeng Terhune, Jeffery Peatman, Eric TI Early mucosal responses in blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) skin to Aeromonas hydrophila infection SO FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Catfish; Fish; Aeromonas hydrophila; Microarray; Disease ID FLOUNDER PARALICHTHYS-OLIVACEUS; LOUSE LEPEOPHTHEIRUS-SALMONIS; TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; CHANNEL CATFISH; ATLANTIC SALMON; EDWARDSIELLA-ICTALURI; GENE-EXPRESSION; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; MEMBRANE-PROTEIN; BINDING LECTIN AB Bacterial pathogens are well-equipped to detect, adhere to, and initiate infection in their finfish hosts. The mucosal surfaces of fish, such as the skin, function as the front line of defense against such bacterial insults that are routinely encountered in the aquatic environment. While recent progress has been made, and despite the obvious importance of mucosal surfaces, the precise molecular events that occur soon after encountering bacterial pathogens remain unclear. Indeed, these early events are critical in mounting appropriate responses that ultimately determine host survival or death. In the present study, we investigated the transcriptional consequences of a virulent Aeromonas hydrophila challenge in the skin of blue catfish, Ictalurus furcatus. We utilized an 8 x 60K Agilent microarray to examine gene expression profiles at key early timepoints following challenge (2 h, 12 h, and 24 h). A total of 1155 unique genes were significantly altered during at least one timepoint. We observed dysregulation in a number of genes involved in diverse pathways including those involved in antioxidant responses, apoptosis, cytoskeletal rearrangement, immunity, and extracellular matrix protein diversity and regulation. Taken together, A. hydrophila coordinately modulates mucosal factors across numerous cellular pathways in a manner predicted to enhance its ability to adhere to and infect the blue catfish host. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Li, Chao; Su, Baofeng; Terhune, Jeffery; Peatman, Eric] Auburn Univ, Dept Fisheries & Allied Aquacultures, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Beck, Benjamin] USDA ARS, Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR USA. [Li, Chao] Guangxi Univ, Inst Anim Sci & Technol, Nanning 530005, Peoples R China. RP Peatman, E (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Fisheries & Allied Aquacultures, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM peatmer@auburn.edu FU Alabama Agriculture Experiment Station Hatch award [ALA016-1-09035]; China Scholarship Council (CSC) FX This project was supported by an Alabama Agriculture Experiment Station Hatch award to E. Peatman under project ALA016-1-09035. C. Li was supported by a scholarship from the China Scholarship Council (CSC). NR 65 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 6 U2 20 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1050-4648 J9 FISH SHELLFISH IMMUN JI Fish Shellfish Immunol. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 34 IS 3 BP 920 EP 928 DI 10.1016/j.fsi.2013.01.002 PG 9 WC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA 111LR UT WOS:000316523300021 PM 23337110 ER PT J AU Rutkoski, JE Poland, J Jannink, JL Sorrells, ME AF Rutkoski, Jessica E. Poland, Jesse Jannink, Jean-Luc Sorrells, Mark E. TI Imputation of Unordered Markers and the Impact on Genomic Selection Accuracy SO G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS LA English DT Article DE genomic selection; imputation algorithms; genotyping-by-sequencing; GenPred; Shared data resources ID DUTCH HOLSTEIN CATTLE; GENOTYPE IMPUTATION; QUANTITATIVE TRAITS; MOLECULAR MARKERS; RIDGE-REGRESSION; WIDE ASSOCIATION; DAIRY-CATTLE; UNIT TIME; POPULATIONS; PREDICTION AB Genomic selection, a breeding method that promises to accelerate rates of genetic gain, requires dense, genome-wide marker data. Genotyping-by-sequencing can generate a large number of de novo markers. However, without a reference genome, these markers are unordered and typically have a large proportion of missing data. Because marker imputation algorithms were developed for species with a reference genome, algorithms suited for unordered markers have not been rigorously evaluated. Using four empirical datasets, we evaluate and characterize four such imputation methods, referred to as k-nearest neighbors, singular value decomposition, random forest regression, and expectation maximization imputation, in terms of their imputation accuracies and the factors affecting accuracy. The effect of imputation method on the genomic selection accuracy is assessed in comparison with mean imputation. The effect of excluding markers with a large proportion of missing data on the genomic selection accuracy is also examined. Our results show that imputation of unordered markers can be accurate, especially when linkage disequilibrium between markers is high and genotyped individuals are related. Of the methods evaluated, random forest regression imputation produced superior accuracy. In comparison with mean imputation, all four imputation methods we evaluated led to greater genomic selection accuracies when the level of missing data was high. Including rather than excluding markers with a large proportion of missing data nearly always led to greater GS accuracies. We conclude that high levels of missing data in dense marker sets is not a major obstacle for genomic selection, even when marker order is not known. C1 [Rutkoski, Jessica E.; Jannink, Jean-Luc; Sorrells, Mark E.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Poland, Jesse] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Poland, Jesse] USDA ARS, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Jannink, Jean-Luc] USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Sorrells, ME (reprint author), Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, 240 Emerson Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM mes12@cornell.edu OI Rutkoski, Jessica/0000-0001-8435-4049; Poland, Jesse/0000-0002-7856-1399 FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) [5430-21000-006-00D] FX This research was funded by The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (Durable Rust Resistance in Wheat) and the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) (Appropriation No. 5430-21000-006-00D). Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 45 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 3 U2 59 PU GENETICS SOC AM PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 2160-1836 J9 G3-GENES GENOM GENET JI G3-Genes Genomes Genet. PD MAR 1 PY 2013 VL 3 IS 3 BP 427 EP 439 DI 10.1534/g3.112.005363 PG 13 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 103WK UT WOS:000315950000005 PM 23449944 ER PT J AU Yang, SY Li, YP Liu, TJ He, XN Yuan, X Li, CY Cao, J Kim, Y AF Yang, Shuying Li, Yi-Ping Liu, Tongjun He, Xiaoning Yuan, Xue Li, Chunyi Cao, Jay Kim, Yunjung TI Mx1-Cre mediated Rgs12 conditional knockout mice exhibit increased bone mass phenotype SO GENESIS LA English DT Article DE Cre; loxP; FRT; conditional inactivation; Regulator of G protein signaling protein ID STEM-CELLS; MANNOSE RECEPTOR; ALPHA-SUBUNITS; IN-VITRO; PROTEIN; DIFFERENTIATION; EXPRESSION; REGULATOR; MOUSE; GENE AB Regulators of G-protein Signaling (Rgs) proteins are the members of a multigene family of GTPase-accelerating proteins (GAP) for the Galpha subunit of heterotrimeric G-proteins. Rgs proteins play critical roles in the regulation of G protein couple receptor (GPCR) signaling in normal physiology and human diseases such as cancer, heart diseases, and inflammation. Rgs12 is the largest protein of the Rgs protein family. Some in vitro studies have demonstrated that Rgs12 plays a critical role in regulating cell differentiation and migration; however its function and mechanism in vivo is largely unknown. Here, we generated a floxed Rgs12 allele (Rgs12flox/flox) in which the exon 2, containing both PDZ and PTB_PID domains of Rgs12, was flanked with two loxp sites. By using the inducible Mx1-cre and Poly I:C system to specifically delete Rgs12 at postnatal 10 days in interferon-responsive cells including monocyte and macrophage cells, we found that Rgs12 mutant mice had growth retardation with the phenotype of increased bone mass. We further found that deletion of Rgs12 reduced osteoclast numbers and had no significant effect on osteoblast formation. Thus, Rgs12flox/flox conditional mice provide a valuable tool for in vivo analysis of Rgs12 function and mechanism through time- and cell-specific deletion of Rgs12. genesis 51:201209, 2013. (c) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Yang, Shuying; Liu, Tongjun; He, Xiaoning; Yuan, Xue; Li, Chunyi; Kim, Yunjung] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Oral Biol, Sch Dent Med, Buffalo, NY 14214 USA. [Yang, Shuying] SUNY Buffalo, Dev Genom Grp, New York State Ctr Excellence Bioinformat & Life, Buffalo, NY 14214 USA. [Li, Yi-Ping] UAB, Dept Pathol, Birmingham, AL USA. [Liu, Tongjun] Shandong Univ, Jinan Cent Hosp, Dept Stomatol, Jinan 250013, Peoples R China. [He, Xiaoning] China Med Univ, Affiliated Hosp 4, Dept Stomatol, Shenyang 110032, Liaoning, Peoples R China. [Cao, Jay] USDA ARS, Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. RP Yang, SY (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Oral Biol, Buffalo, NY 14214 USA. EM sy47@buffalo.edu OI Yuan, Xue/0000-0002-8063-9431 FU National Institute of Health [AR055678, AR061052, AR-44741]; USDA CRIS [5450-51000-046-00D] FX Contract grant sponsor: National Institute of Health, Contract grant numbers: AR055678 S. Yang; AR061052 S. Yang; Contract grant sponsor: USDA CRIS; Contract grant number: 5450-51000-046-00D (J Cao); contract grant sponsor: National institute of Health, Contract grant number AR-44741 (Y.P.L.) NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1526-954X J9 GENESIS JI Genesis PD MAR PY 2013 VL 51 IS 3 BP 201 EP 209 DI 10.1002/dvg.22373 PG 9 WC Developmental Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Developmental Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 107PD UT WOS:000316229500006 PM 23349096 ER PT J AU Dowd, PF Sarath, G Mitchell, RB Saathoff, AJ Vogel, KP AF Dowd, Patrick F. Sarath, Gautam Mitchell, Robert B. Saathoff, Aaron J. Vogel, Kenneth P. TI Insect resistance of a full sib family of tetraploid switchgrass Panicum virgatum L. with varying lignin levels SO GENETIC RESOURCES AND CROP EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Cultivar Kanlow; Culitivar Summer; Ecotypes; Fall armyworm; Full-sib progeny; Insect resistance; Panicum virgatum; Sustainable production ID MISCANTHUS X GIGANTEUS; SPODOPTERA-FRUGIPERDA; FALL ARMYWORM; MAIZE; ZEA; CATERPILLAR; PEROXIDASE; HETEROSIS; SAPONINS; BIOMASS AB Little information is available on insect resistance mechanisms and inheritance in biomass grasses. Although reduction of lignin in biomass grasses in order to increase the efficiency of fermentation may result in increased susceptibility to insect feeding, other resistance mechanisms may be more important. Field grown leaves of two tetraploid parent (Kanlow N1, Summer) and 14 progeny switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) plant clones selected for a diversity of plant form and ranges in lignin levels were tested for leaf resistance to feeding by the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith), a grass feeding insect pest. Although lignin generally appeared important as a resistance mechanism only at early season stages, replicate clones of two low lignin progeny plants generally remained resistant to fall armyworm feeding. Mechanical damaging increased resistance to fall armyworm feeding in several of these plants. Degrees of resistance were sometimes associated with leaf form of progeny. These results indicate there are likely multiple insect resistance mechanisms operating at different stages in switchgrass, and that segregation of some mechanisms appears related to growth form of the plants. C1 [Dowd, Patrick F.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Crop Bioprotect Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Sarath, Gautam; Mitchell, Robert B.; Saathoff, Aaron J.; Vogel, Kenneth P.] ARS, USDA, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, Lincoln, NE USA. RP Dowd, PF (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Crop Bioprotect Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM patrick.dowd@ars.usda.gov RI sebastianovitsch, stepan/G-8507-2013 FU USDA Agricultural Research Service CRIS [3620-42000-041-00D, 5440-21000-028-00D]; Office of Science (BER), U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AI02-09ER-64829] FX We thank D. A. Lee and N. A. Palmer for technical assistance and F. E. Vega and A. P. Rooney for comments on prior versions of the manuscript. This research was supported in part by USDA Agricultural Research Service CRIS projects 3620-42000-041-00D and 5440-21000-028-00D. AJS was supported in part by the Office of Science (BER), U.S. Department of Energy grant number DE-AI02-09ER-64829. NR 48 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 25 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-9864 J9 GENET RESOUR CROP EV JI Genet. Resour. Crop Evol. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 60 IS 3 BP 975 EP 984 DI 10.1007/s10722-012-9893-8 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 104SZ UT WOS:000316016500015 ER PT J AU Boateng, AA Mullen, CA AF Boateng, A. A. Mullen, C. A. TI Fast pyrolysis of biomass thermally pretreated by torrefaction SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS LA English DT Article DE Torrefaction; Fast pyrolysis; Bio-oil; Biochar ID BIO-OIL; PRODUCT DISTRIBUTION AB Torrefied biomass samples were produced from hardwood and switchgrass pellets using the biochar experimenter's kit (BEK) reactor and analyzed for their utility as pretreated feedstocks for biofuels production via fast pyrolysis. The energy efficiency for the BEK torrefaction process with propane gas as fuel source was about 50% for hardwood pellets and over 67% for switchgrass, but the energy retained in the torrefied product ranged between 72 and 92% of the initial biomass energy content resulting from a high product yield of 70-88 wt%. The liquid pyrolysate by-product of the torrefaction process was an aqueous solution of mainly acetic acid and levoglucosan associated with dehydration of the carbohydrate fraction of the raw biomass. Subsequent fast pyrolysis in a fluidized bed led to production of pyrolysis oil with lower acidity and increased energy content compared with pyrolysis of non-torrefied biomass. However, the yield, carbon conversion and energy conversion to these pyrolysis oils were decreased with the torrefection pretreatment which predisposed the biomass for conversion to biochar rather than liquid products. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Boateng, A. A.; Mullen, C. A.] USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Boateng, AA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM akwasi.boateng@ars.usda.gov NR 17 TC 39 Z9 43 U1 5 U2 68 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-2370 J9 J ANAL APPL PYROL JI J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis PD MAR PY 2013 VL 100 BP 95 EP 102 DI 10.1016/j.jaap.2012.12.002 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 111NP UT WOS:000316528300013 ER PT J AU Wu, WM Zhang, ML Ozeren, Y Wren, D AF Wu, Weiming Zhang, Mingliang Ozeren, Yavuz Wren, Daniel TI Analysis of Vegetation Effect on Waves Using a Vertical 2D RANS Model SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Vegetation drag force; waves; Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations; finite difference method; rigid and flexible model vegetation; live vegetation ID NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; FLOW; ATTENUATION; BREAKING; EMERGENT; VOLUME; FLUME; HYDRODYNAMICS; PROPAGATION; BOUNDARIES AB Wu, W.; Zhang, M.; Ozeren, Y., and Wren, D., 2013. Analysis of vegetation effect on waves using a vertical 2D RANS model. Journal of Coastal Research, 29(2), 383-397. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. A vertical two-dimensional (2D) model has been applied in the simulation of wave propagation through vegetated waterbodies. The model is based on an existing model, SOLA-VOF, that solves the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (FANS) equations with the finite difference method on a staggered rectangular grid and uses the volume of fluid method to capture the free surface. The model is enhanced in this study by adding the drag and inertia forces in the momentum equations to account for the vegetation effects, implementing the subgrid-scale model for turbulence closure, and incorporating wave-maker, sponge layer, and bottom friction in boundary conditions. The model was first validated using measurement data collected from the literature and then applied to simulate wave propagation in flumes covered by rigid and flexible model and live vegetation. The considered live vegetation species are Spartina alterniflora (smooth cord grass) and Juncus roemerianus (needlegrass rush), which are commonly distributed on coastlines. The model is able to reproduce wave attenuation through the vegetation zone observed in the experiments. The drag coefficients are calibrated in the vertical 2D FANS model and the analytical model based on the wave energy equation and linear wave theory, and the calibrated values in the two models are reasonably close. C1 [Wu, Weiming; Zhang, Mingliang; Ozeren, Yavuz] Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Computat Hydrosci & Engn, University, MS 38677 USA. [Wren, Daniel] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Wu, WM (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Computat Hydrosci & Engn, 327 Brevard Hall, University, MS 38677 USA. EM wuwm@ncche.olemiss.edu FU US Department of Homeland Security at the US Department of Energy's Oak Ridge National Laboratory FX This research was supported by the US Department of Homeland Security-sponsored Southeast Region Research Initiative (SERRI) at the US Department of Energy's Oak Ridge National Laboratory. NR 55 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 14 PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0749-0208 J9 J COASTAL RES JI J. Coast. Res. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 29 IS 2 BP 383 EP 397 DI 10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-12-00023.1 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 106RM UT WOS:000316162400012 ER PT J AU Corwin, DL Lesch, SM AF Corwin, Dennis L. Lesch, Scott M. TI Protocols and Guidelines for Field-scale Measurement of Soil Salinity Distribution with ECa-Directed Soil Sampling SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENGINEERING GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TIME-DOMAIN REFLECTOMETRY; ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION MEASUREMENTS; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY MEASUREMENTS; MULTIPLE LINEAR-REGRESSION; SOUTH-WESTERN AUSTRALIA; WATER-CONTENT; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; DEPTH RELATIONS; PRECISION AGRICULTURE; IRRIGATED COTTON AB Soil salinity is a spatially complex and dynamic property of soil that influences crop yields when the threshold salinity level is exceeded. The mapping and monitoring of soil salinity is necessary for reclamation, crop selection, and site-specific irrigation management of salt-affected soils in the arid and semi-arid agricultural regions of the world. Because of its spatial and temporal heterogeneity, soil salinity is difficult to map and monitor at field scales. There are various methods for characterizing soil salinity variability, but none of these approaches has been as extensively investigated and is as reliable and cost effective as apparent soil electrical conductivity (ECa) directed soil sampling. Geospatial measurements of ECa are well-suited for characterizing soil salinity spatial distribution because they are reliable, quick, and easy to take with GPS-based mobilized ECa measurement equipment. However, ECa is influenced by a variety of soil properties, which makes the measurement of soil salinity at field scale problematic. It is the goal of this review and analysis paper to provide an overview of the field-scale characterization of soil salinity distribution using ECa-directed soil sampling. Guidelines, special considerations, protocols, and strengths and limitations are presented for characterizing spatial and temporal variation in soil salinity using ECa-directed soil sampling. Original data is presented showing the critical importance of conducting ECa surveys at or near field capacity (>= 70% of field capacity). A case study of a 32.4-ha field in San Jacinto, California, is provided as an example to demonstrate the effectiveness of generating soil salinity maps. Land resource managers, farmers, extension specialists, and Natural Resource Conservation Service field staff are the beneficiaries of field-scale maps of soil salinity. C1 [Corwin, Dennis L.] ARS, USDA, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Lesch, Scott M.] Riverside Publ Util Resource Div, Riverside, CA 92501 USA. RP Corwin, DL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Salin Lab, 450 West Big Springs Rd, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM Dennis.Corwin@ars.usda.gov NR 115 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 37 PU ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING GEOPHYSICAL SOC PI DENVER PA 1720 SOUTH BELLAIRE, STE 110, DENVER, CO 80222-433 USA SN 1083-1363 J9 J ENVIRON ENG GEOPH JI J. Environ. Eng. Geophys. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 18 IS 1 BP 1 EP 25 DI 10.2113/JEEG18.1.1 PG 25 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Geological SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering GA 106RZ UT WOS:000316163700001 ER PT J AU Allred, BJ AF Allred, Barry J. TI A GPR Agricultural Drainage Pipe Detection Case Study: Effects of Antenna Orientation Relative to Drainage Pipe Directional Trend SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENGINEERING GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GROUND-PENETRATING RADAR; GEOPHYSICAL METHODS; SCATTERING AB Locating buried drainage pipes is a difficult task confronting farmers and land improvement contractors, especially in the Midwest U.S., where the removal of excess soil water using subsurface drainage systems is a common farm practice. Enhancing the efficiency of soil water removal on land containing a functioning subsurface drainage system typically involves installing new drain lines between the old ones. Before this approach can be attempted, the older drain lines have to be mapped. Previous research supports the feasibility of using ground penetrating radar (GPR) to find buried agricultural drainage pipes. However, one aspect of GPR drainage pipe location and assessment needing further investigation is the GPR pipe response effects associated with GPR antenna orientation relative to drainage pipe directional trend. A field research study was carried out at a specially designed test plot to evaluate the effect on GPR drainage pipe detection caused by the antenna-to-pipe orientation. Antenna orientations perpendicular and parallel to drain lines were tested using 250 MHz antennas. The GPR data were collected under moderately dry and very wet soil conditions. Overall study results indicated that there can be substantial differences in the strength of the GPR drainage pipe response for an antenna orientation perpendicular to a drain line versus an antenna orientation parallel to a drain line. Under moderately dry soil conditions, a GPR antenna orientation perpendicular to the drain line provided the best GPR drainage pipe response. Conversely, under very wet soil conditions, a GPR antenna orientation parallel to a drain line provided the best GPR drainage pipe response. Consequently, the findings indicated that on-site assessment of soil moisture conditions and knowledge of general drain line directional trend can guide the GPR system antenna set-up and formulation of a GPR survey plan to improve GPR drainage pipe detection and assessment capabilities. C1 ARS, USDA, Soil Drainage Res Unit, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Allred, BJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Soil Drainage Res Unit, 590 Woody Hayes Dr,Room 234, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM Barry.Allred@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 14 PU ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING GEOPHYSICAL SOC PI DENVER PA 1720 SOUTH BELLAIRE, STE 110, DENVER, CO 80222-433 USA SN 1083-1363 J9 J ENVIRON ENG GEOPH JI J. Environ. Eng. Geophys. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 18 IS 1 BP 55 EP 69 DI 10.2113/JEEG18.1.55 PG 15 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Geological SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering GA 106RZ UT WOS:000316163700004 ER PT J AU Halvorson, AD Del Grosso, SJ AF Halvorson, Ardell D. Del Grosso, Stephen J. TI Nitrogen Placement and Source Effects on Nitrous Oxide Emissions and Yields of Irrigated Corn SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID NO-TILL CORN; CROPPING SYSTEMS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; N2O EMISSIONS; AMMONIA VOLATILIZATION; ANHYDROUS AMMONIA; FERTILIZER SOURCE; NITRIC-OXIDE; SOIL CARBON; UREA AB Limited information is available on how N fertilizer placement affects soil nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions under irrigated conditions in the semiarid western United States. Our objective was to compare surface banding near corn row and broadcasting of three N sources (urea, polymer-coated urea [PCU], and stabilized urea [SU] containing urease and nitrification inhibitors) on N2O emissions from a clay loam soil under sprinkler-irrigated continuous corn production. The N fertilizers were applied at a rate of 202 kg N ha(-1) to strip-till (2010 and 2011) and no-till (2011) corn at crop emergence, with similar to 19 mm irrigation water applied the next day. Band-applied N had a 1.46-fold greater N2O emission than broadcast N averaged over N sources and three studies. Soil N2O-N emissions from urea were 1.48- and 1.74-fold greater than from PCU and SU, respectively, when averaged over N placement and studies. The N placement x source interaction was not significant. Averaged across studies, grain yield and N uptake did not vary with N placement, whereas grain yields were greater for SU than PCU but were not different from urea. Nitrous oxide emissions per unit of N applied, per unit of grain yield, and per unit N uptake were 59, 49, and 47% greater, respectively, with banded than with broadcast N fertilizer. These studies show that N placement and N source selection are important manageable factors that can affect N2O emissions and need to be considered when developing N2O mitigation practices in irrigated cropping systems in the semiarid western United States. C1 [Halvorson, Ardell D.; Del Grosso, Stephen J.] USDA ARS, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Halvorson, AD (reprint author), USDA ARS, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg D,Ste 100, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM ardell.halvorson@ars.usda.gov FU Agrium Inc.; Calgary; Alberta; Agrotain International, St. Louis, MO; Fluid Fertilizer Foundation; ARS GRACEnet project FX The authors thank B. Floyd, R. D'Adamo, P. Norris, M. Smith, K. Nichols, M. Carey, and M. Reyes-Fox for technical assistance; Dr. M. West, ARS Statistician, for advice and evaluation of the statistical analyses; and the International Plant Nutrition Institute's Foundation for Agronomic Research (with support from Agrium Inc., Calgary, Alberta and Agrotain International, St. Louis, MO), Fluid Fertilizer Foundation, and ARS GRACEnet project for supporting this study. NR 48 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 7 U2 80 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD MAR-APR PY 2013 VL 42 IS 2 BP 312 EP 322 DI 10.2134/jeq2012.0315 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 103TS UT WOS:000315942600003 PM 23673823 ER PT J AU Netthisinghe, AMP Cook, KL Rice, C Gilfillen, RA Sistani, KR AF Netthisinghe, A. M. P. Cook, K. L. Rice, C. Gilfillen, R. A. Sistani, K. R. TI Soil Nutrients, Bacteria Populations, and Veterinary Pharmaceuticals across a Backgrounding Beef Feedlot SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID REAL-TIME PCR; COLI O157-H7 SURVIVAL; MANURE-AMENDED SOILS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CATTLE FEEDLOT; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; ANIMAL MANURE; WATER; PHOSPHORUS; RUNOFF AB Beef cattle backgrounding operations that grow out weaned calves for feedlot finishing contain several environmentally significant constituents. A better understanding of these constituents and their environmental distribution will aid in the development of effective management guidelines for sustainable beef production. This research investigated soil nutrients, bacterial, and veterinary pharmaceutical concentrations across a small backgrounding beef feedlot on a karst landscape. Results indicated that all contaminants were highly concentrated in the feeder area (FD) and were lower in the other feedlot areas. The FD soils had a pH of 8.2, 59 mg kg(-1) soil organic matter (SOM), 2002 mg kg(-1) soil test phosphorus (STP), 99.7 mg kg(-1) NH4-N, and 18.3 mg kg(-1) NO3-N. The other locations were acidic (5.9-6.9 pH) and contained 39 mg kg(-1) SOM, 273 mg kg(-1) STP, 21.5 mg kg(-1) NH4-N, and 2.0 NO3-N mg kg(-1). Bacteria populations in the FD averaged 2.7 x 10(10) total cells, 3.9 x 10(8) Bacteriodes spp., 2.9 x 10(8) Enterococcus spp., and 4.5 x 10(5) Escherichia coli cells per gram of soil. Bacteriodes spp. and Enterococcus spp. concentrations were 1 to 4 orders of magnitude lower at the other locations. Escherichia coli showed lower dynamic range and was generally uniformly distributed across the landscape. Antibiotic and parasiticide concentrations in the FD were 86.9 ng g(-1) monensin, 25.0 ng g(-1) lasalocid, and 10.3 ng g(-1) doramectin. Their concentrations were 6- to to 27-fold lower in the other feedlot locations. Contaminant management plans for this small feedlot will therefore focus on the feeder and nearby grazing areas where soil nutrients, bacteria populations, and veterinary pharmaceuticals were most concentrated. C1 [Netthisinghe, A. M. P.; Gilfillen, R. A.] Western Kentucky Univ, Dep Agr, Bowling Green, KY 42101 USA. [Cook, K. L.; Sistani, K. R.] ARS, USDA, Anim Waste Management Res Unit, Bowling Green, KY 42104 USA. [Rice, C.] ARS, USDA, Environm Management & Byprod Utilizat Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Netthisinghe, AMP (reprint author), Western Kentucky Univ, Dep Agr, 1906 Coll Hts Blvd 41066, Bowling Green, KY 42101 USA. EM annesly.netthisinghe@wku.edu NR 83 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 27 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD MAR-APR PY 2013 VL 42 IS 2 BP 532 EP 544 DI 10.2134/jeq2012.0203 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 103TS UT WOS:000315942600026 PM 23673846 ER PT J AU Kreiling, RM Schubauer-Berigan, JP Richardson, WB Bartsch, LA Hughes, PE Cavanaugh, JC Strauss, EA AF Kreiling, Rebecca M. Schubauer-Berigan, Joseph P. Richardson, William B. Bartsch, Lynn A. Hughes, Peter E. Cavanaugh, Jennifer C. Strauss, Eric A. TI Wetland Management Reduces Sediment and Nutrient Loading to the Upper Mississippi River SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; WATER-QUALITY; NITROGEN; PHOSPHORUS; DENITRIFICATION; BASIN; NITRIFICATION; RETENTION; HYPOXIA; NITRATE AB Restored riparian wetlands in the Upper Mississippi River basin have potential to remove sediment and nutrients from tributaries before they flow into the Mississippi River. For 3 yr we calculated retention efficiencies of a marsh complex, which consisted of a restored marsh and an adjacent natural marsh that were connected to Halfway Creek, a small tributary of the Mississippi. We measured sediment, N, and P removal through a mass balance budget approach, N removal through denitrification, and N and P removal through mechanical soil excavation. The marsh complex had average retention rates of approximately 30 Mg sediment ha(-1) yr(-1), 26 kg total N ha(-1) yr(-1), and 20 kg total P ha(-1) yr(-1). Water flowed into the restored marsh only during high-discharge events. Although the majority of retention occurred in the natural marsh, portions of the natural marsh were hydrologically disconnected at low discharge due to historical over-bank sedimentation. The natural marsh removed >60% of sediment, >10% of P, and >5% of N loads (except the first year, when it was a N source). The marsh complex was a source of NH4+ and soluble reactive P. The average denitrification rate for the marsh complex was 2.88 mg N m(-2) h(-1). Soil excavation removed 3600 Mg of sediment, 5.6 Mg of N, and 2.7 Mg of P from the restored marsh. The marsh complex was effective in removing sediment and nutrients from storm flows; however, retention could be increased if more water was diverted into both restored and natural marshes before entering the river. C1 [Kreiling, Rebecca M.; Richardson, William B.; Bartsch, Lynn A.] Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, USGS, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA. [Schubauer-Berigan, Joseph P.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Hughes, Peter E.] Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, USGS, Middleton, WI 53562 USA. [Cavanaugh, Jennifer C.] USDA NRCS, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Strauss, Eric A.] Univ Wisconsin, River Studies Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54601 USA. RP Kreiling, RM (reprint author), Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, USGS, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA. EM rkreiling@usgs.gov RI Strauss, Eric/G-3368-2013; OI Strauss, Eric/0000-0002-3134-2535; Kreiling, Rebecca/0000-0002-9295-4156 FU USEPA [DW14996301]; USGS [DW14996301]; Long-Term Resource Monitoring component of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' Upper Mississippi River Restoration-Environmental Management Program FX We thank Robert Kennedy, Matt Morrison, Adam Balz, Reid Northwick, Tammy Yeldon, Alex Schroeder, and Alyssa Standorf for their tireless efforts in the field and laboratory. Nick Hanson and Tim Hanson from the USGS in Middleton, WI, were responsible for operation of the gage equipment and for computation of the stream flow records. Jim Nissen from the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service provided access to the Halfway Creek Marsh Complex. Carol Lowenberg provided graphic support. Reviews by Christopher Craft, John Barko, Barry Johnson, and two anonymous reviewers substantially improved this manuscript. This work was funded by an Interagency Agreement between the USEPA and the USGS (DW14996301) and was partially supported by the Long-Term Resource Monitoring component of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' Upper Mississippi River Restoration-Environmental Management Program. Th e views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USEPA. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 63 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 54 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD MAR-APR PY 2013 VL 42 IS 2 BP 573 EP 583 DI 10.2134/jeq2012.0248 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 103TS UT WOS:000315942600030 PM 23673850 ER PT J AU Fassbinder, JJ Schultz, NM Baker, JM Griffis, TJ AF Fassbinder, Joel J. Schultz, Natalie M. Baker, John M. Griffis, Timothy J. TI Automated, Low-Power Chamber System for Measuring Nitrous Oxide Emissions SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID SOIL CO2 EFFLUX; N2O EMISSIONS; MANAGEMENT-PRACTICES; SAMPLING FREQUENCY; GRASSLAND SYSTEMS; FOREST ECOSYSTEMS; EDDY COVARIANCE; CARBON-DIOXIDE; GAS FLUXES; RESPIRATION AB Continuous measurement of soil N2O emissions is needed to constrain N2O budget and emission factors. Here, we describe the performance of a low-power Teledyne N2O analyzer and automated chamber system, powered by wind and solar, that can continuously measure soil N2O emissions. Laboratory testing of the analyzer revealed significant temperature sensitivity, causing zero drift of -10.6 nmol mol(-1) degrees C-1. However, temperature-induced span drift was negligible, so the associated error in flux measurement for a typical chamber sampling period was on the order of 0.016 nmol m(-2) s(-2). Th e 1-Hz precision of the analyzer over a 10-min averaging interval, aft er wavelet decomposition, was 1.5 nmol mol(-1), equal to that of a tunable diode laser N2O analyzer. The solar/wind hybrid power system performed well during summer, but system failures increased in frequency in spring and fall, usually at night. Although increased battery storage capacity would decrease down time, supplemental power from additional sources may be needed to continuously run the system during spring and fall. Th e hourly flux data were numerically subsampled at weekly intervals to assess the accuracy of integrated estimates derived from manually sampling static chambers. Weekly sampling was simulated for each of the five weekdays and for various times during each day. For each weekday, the cumulative N emissions estimate using only morning measurements was similar (within 15%) to the estimate using only afternoon measurements. Oft en, weekly sampling partially or completely missed large episodic N2O emissions that continuous automated chamber measurements captured, causing weekly measurements to underestimate cumulative N emissions for 9 of the 10 sampling scenarios. C1 [Fassbinder, Joel J.; Schultz, Natalie M.; Baker, John M.] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Dep Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Baker, John M.; Griffis, Timothy J.] Univ Minnesota, Dep Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Fassbinder, JJ (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Dep Soil Water & Climate, 439 Borlaug Hall,1991 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM fass0019@umn.edu RI Griffis, Timothy/A-5707-2011 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture [NIFA/2010-65112-20528]; U.S. Department of Energy [58-3625-8-478] FX The authors thank Matt Erickson and Bill Breiter for technical assistance at the field site and laboratory. Funding for this research was provided by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, NIFA/2010-65112-20528, and the U.S. Department of Energy through the Sun Grant Initiative (58-3625-8-478). NR 42 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 41 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD MAR-APR PY 2013 VL 42 IS 2 BP 606 EP 614 DI 10.2134/jeq2012.0283 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 103TS UT WOS:000315942600033 PM 23673853 ER PT J AU Miguel, RE Ippolito, JA Porta, AA Noriega, RBB Dungan, RS AF Miguel, Roberto E. Ippolito, James A. Porta, Atilio A. Banda Noriega, Roxana B. Dungan, Robert S. TI Use of Standardized Procedures to Evaluate Metal Leaching from Waste Foundry Sands SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article AB As part of the casting process, foundries create sand molds and cores to hold the molten metal to specific dimensional tolerances. Although most of the waste foundry sands (WFSs) from this process are land filled, there is great interest in diverting them for use in agricultural and geotechnical applications. One potential limitation to their beneficial use is concern that the WFSs will leach high levels of trace metals. The aim of this study was to quantify Ag, Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn in leaching extracts from 96 waste molding and core sands from ferrous and nonferrous foundries. The procedures used to assess leaching in the WFSs were the Extraction Procedure, the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure, and the American Society for Testing and Materials water extraction procedure. The metal extract concentrations were compared with those found in virgin silica sands and Argentinean and U.S. hazardous waste laws to determine if the WFSs met toxicity limits. Regardless of metal cast and sand binder type, the majority of the WFS extracts analyzed contained metal concentrations similar to those found in virgin sand extracts and were below levels considered hazardous. However, 4 of 28 sands that used alkyd urethane binder were deemed hazardous because Pb concentrations in these sands were found to exceed regulatory thresholds. Although other regulated metals, such as As, Hg, and Se, were not analyzed in the extracts, this dataset provides additional evidence that many WFSs have a low metal leaching potential. C1 [Miguel, Roberto E.; Banda Noriega, Roxana B.] Univ Nacl Ctr Prov Buenos Aires, Ctr Invest & Estudios Ambientales, RA-7000 Tandil, Bs As, Argentina. [Ippolito, James A.; Dungan, Robert S.] USDA ARS, Northwest Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. [Porta, Atilio A.] Univ Nacl la Plata, Lab Ingn Sanitaria, RA-1900 La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. RP Dungan, RS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Northwest Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, 3793 North 3600 East, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. EM robert.dungan@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD MAR-APR PY 2013 VL 42 IS 2 BP 615 EP 620 DI 10.2134/jeq2012.0356 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 103TS UT WOS:000315942600034 PM 23673854 ER PT J AU Manmathan, H Shaner, D Snelling, J Tisserat, N Lapitan, N AF Manmathan, Harish Shaner, Dale Snelling, Jacob Tisserat, Ned Lapitan, Nora TI Virus-induced gene silencing of Arabidopsis thaliana gene homologues in wheat identifies genes conferring improved drought tolerance SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Arabidopsis; drought; Era1; Sal1; virus-induced gene silencing; wheat ID STRIPE-MOSAIC-VIRUS; TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L.; HEXAPLOID WHEAT; ABSCISIC-ACID; YIELD PROTECTION; PLANT; RESISTANCE; BARLEY; FARNESYLTRANSFERASE; TRANSFORMATION AB In a non-model staple crop like wheat (Triticum aestivumI L.), functional validation of potential drought stress responsive genes identified in Arabidopsis could provide gene targets for breeding. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of genes of interest can overcome the inherent problems of polyploidy and limited transformation potential that hamper functional validation studies in wheat. In this study, three potential candidate genes shown to be involved in abiotic stress response pathways in Arabidopsis thaliana were selected for VIGS experiments in wheat. These include Era1 (enhanced response to abscisic acid), Cyp707a (ABA 8-hydroxylase), and Sal1 (inositol polyphosphate 1-phosphatase). Gene homologues for these three genes were identified in wheat and cloned in the viral vector barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV) in the antisense direction, followed by rub inoculation of BSMV viral RNA transcripts onto wheat plants. Quantitative real-time PCR showed that VIGS-treated wheat plants had significant reductions in target gene transcripts. When VIGS-treated plants generated for Era1 and Sal1 were subjected to limiting water conditions, they showed increased relative water content, improved water use efficiency, reduced gas exchange, and better vigour compared to water-stressed control plants inoculated with RNA from the empty viral vector (BSMV0). In comparison, the Cyp707a-silenced plants showed no improvement over BSMV0-inoculated plants under limited water condition. These results indicate that Era1 and Sal1 play important roles in conferring drought tolerance in wheat. Other traits affected by Era1 silencing were also studied. Delayed seed germination in Era1-silenced plants suggests this gene may be a useful target for developing resistance to pre-harvest sprouting. C1 [Manmathan, Harish; Lapitan, Nora] Colorado State Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Shaner, Dale] ARS, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Snelling, Jacob; Tisserat, Ned] Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Lapitan, N (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, 1170 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM Nora.Lapitan@colostate.edu FU US Department of Agriculture [2009-34205-19960, 2010-34205-21350, 644] FX This study was supported by the US Department of Agriculture (Cooperative Agreements USDA contract nos. 2009-34205-19960 and 2010-34205-21350 and Hatch Funds project no. 644, to NL). The authors thank Leon Van Eck (University of Stellenbosch, South Africa) and Hong Wang (Colorado State University) for helping with the VIGS experiment. NR 45 TC 19 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 76 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0022-0957 EI 1460-2431 J9 J EXP BOT JI J. Exp. Bot. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 64 IS 5 BP 1381 EP 1392 DI 10.1093/jxb/ert003 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 108DM UT WOS:000316271700020 PM 23364940 ER PT J AU Neubauer, JD Lulai, EC Thompson, AL Suttle, JC Bolton, MD Campbell, LG AF Neubauer, Jonathan D. Lulai, Edward C. Thompson, Asunta L. Suttle, Jeffrey C. Bolton, Melvin D. Campbell, Larry G. TI Molecular and cytological aspects of native periderm maturation in potato tubers SO JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Native periderm; Phellem; Phellogen; Potato; Skin-set; Vine-maturity ID HYDROXYPROLINE-RICH GLYCOPROTEINS; SOLANUM-TUBEROSUM; WOUND PERIDERM; CELL-WALLS; PLANT DEFENSE; SKIN-SET; PECTIN; SUBERIN; GENE; RESISTANCE AB Mature native periderm that exhibits resistance to excoriation (RE) is the primary defense for potato tubers against abiotic and biotic challenges. However, little is known about the physiology of periderm maturation and associated gene expressions. In this study, periderm maturation events and associated gene expressions were determined in tubers of two diverse potato genotypes (NDTX4271-5R (ND) and Russet Burbank (RB); 2008 and 2009 crops) at four harvest maturities ranging from immature (non-senesced vines and low RE) to mature (senesced vines and high RE). Approximately 104d after planting, the fine balance of accumulation and loss of periderm phellem cell layers showed signs of-subsiding, indicating cessation of cell division by the phellogen. Phellogen radial cell walls thickened as periderm matured throughout the harvests, increasing RE/skin-set. In both genotypes, the cell cycle gene cyclin-dependent kinase B (StCDKB) rapidly down-regulated after the second harvest coinciding with apparent cessation of cell division. Expression patterns of genes encoding epidermal growth factor binding protein (StEBP) and cyclin-dependent kinase regulatory subunit (StCKS1At)were less indicative of phellogen inactivation and periderm maturation. Genes encoding the structural cell wall proteins extensin (StExt1) for ND and extensin-like (StExt1k) for ND and RB remained up-regulated respectively by the second harvest, suggesting involvement with completion of phellem cell accumulation and on-set of periderm maturation. The expression of genes encoding pectin methyl esterase (StPME),StExt1 and a cell wall strengthening "tyrosine-and lysine-rich protein" (StTLRP) increased in phellogen cells from later harvests of ND tubers, but were down regulated in RE tubers; this suggests roles in phellem cell generation and completion of delayed cell wall development in non-meristematic phellogen cells of ND, a red skinned phenotype. StCDKB and StPrePME genes were rapidly down-regulated by the third harvest for both genotypes. Collectively, these results suggest that down-regulation of these genes coordinates with on-set of periderm maturation and skin-set progression. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 [Neubauer, Jonathan D.; Lulai, Edward C.; Suttle, Jeffrey C.; Bolton, Melvin D.; Campbell, Larry G.] ARS, USDA, Sugarbeet & Potato Unit, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Thompson, Asunta L.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. RP Lulai, EC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, NCSL, 1605 Albrecht Blvd North, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM ed.lulai@ars.usda.gov NR 45 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 44 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0176-1617 J9 J PLANT PHYSIOL JI J. Plant Physiol. PD MAR 1 PY 2013 VL 170 IS 4 BP 413 EP 423 DI 10.1016/j.jplph.2012.10.008 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 108NZ UT WOS:000316303900007 PM 23246026 ER PT J AU Aldridge, RL Wynn, WW Britch, SC Allan, SA Walker, TW Geden, CJ Hogsette, JA Linthicum, KJ AF Aldridge, Robert L. Wynn, W. Wayne Britch, Seth C. Allan, Sandra A. Walker, Todd W. Geden, Christopher J. Hogsette, Jerome A. Linthicum, Kenneth J. TI HIGH-THROUGHPUT MOSQUITO AND FLY BIOASSAY SYSTEM FOR NATURAL AND ARTIFICIAL SUBSTRATES TREATED WITH RESIDUAL INSECTICIDES SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Barrier treatment; glass culture tube; aspirator; mosquito control; Deployed War-Fighter Protection Program ID BARRIER TREATMENTS; VEGETATION; EFFICACY; ENVIRONMENT AB A high-throughput bioassay system to evaluate the efficacy of residual pesticides against mosquitoes and muscid flies with minimal insect handling was developed. The system consisted of 4 components made of readily available materials: 1) a CO2 anaesthetizing chamber, 2) a specialized aspirator, 3) a cylindrical flat-bottomed glass bioassay chamber assembly, and 4) a customized rack. C1 [Aldridge, Robert L.; Wynn, W. Wayne; Britch, Seth C.; Allan, Sandra A.; Geden, Christopher J.; Hogsette, Jerome A.; Linthicum, Kenneth J.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Walker, Todd W.] USN, Entomol Ctr Excellence, Air Stn, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. RP Aldridge, RL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, 1600 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. FU US Department of Agriculture (USDA)-Agricultural Research Service; US Department of Defense (DoD) Deployed War-Fighter Protection Program; Kansas Biotechnology Authority (KBA) FX This research was supported by the US Department of Agriculture (USDA)-Agricultural Research Service, the US Department of Defense (DoD) Deployed War-Fighter Protection Program, and the Kansas Biotechnology Authority (KBA). Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA, the DoD, or the KBA. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI MOUNT LAUREL PA 15000 COMMERCE PARKWAY, SUITE C, MOUNT LAUREL, NJ 08054 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 29 IS 1 BP 84 EP 87 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 109KU UT WOS:000316368200015 PM 23687864 ER PT J AU Risser, PG Iverson, LR AF Risser, Paul G. Iverson, Louis R. TI 30 years later-landscape ecology: directions and approaches April 25-27, 1983 Allerton Park, Illinois, USA SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Risser, Paul G.] Univ Oklahoma, Univ Oklahoma Res Cabinet, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Iverson, Louis R.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. RP Iverson, LR (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, 359 Main Rd, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. EM liverson@fs.fed.us RI Iverson, Louis/C-7554-2009 OI Iverson, Louis/0000-0001-9501-471X NR 2 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 57 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-2973 J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL JI Landsc. Ecol. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 28 IS 3 BP 367 EP 369 DI 10.1007/s10980-013-9856-2 PG 3 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 108JW UT WOS:000316290100001 ER PT J AU Reding, DM Cushman, SA Gosselink, TE Clark, WR AF Reding, Dawn M. Cushman, Samuel A. Gosselink, Todd E. Clark, William R. TI Linking movement behavior and fine-scale genetic structure to model landscape connectivity for bobcats (Lynx rufus) SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Landscape genetics; Least cost path analysis; Telemetry; Resource selection function; Effective distance; Movement ID CAT FELIS-CATUS; FRAGMENTED LANDSCAPE; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; COMPLEX LANDSCAPES; FLOW; DIFFERENTIATION; INFERENCE; SELECTION; DISTANCE; RESISTANCE AB Spatial heterogeneity can constrain the movement of individuals and consequently genes across a landscape, influencing demographic and genetic processes. In this study, we linked information on landscape composition, movement behavior, and genetic differentiation to gain a mechanistic understanding of how spatial heterogeneity may influence movement and gene flow of bobcats in the agricultural landscape of Iowa (USA). We analyzed movement paths of 23 animals to parameterize landscape resistance surfaces, applied least cost path analysis to generate measures of effective geographic distance between DNA collection locations of 625 bobcats, and tested the correlation between genetic distance and the different models of geographic distance. We found that bobcats showed a strong preference for forest over any other habitat type, and that incorporating information on habitat composition both along the path and in the surrounding landscape provided the best model of movement. Measures of effective geographic distance were significantly correlated with genetic distance, but not once the effects of Euclidean distance were accounted for. Thus, despite the impact of habitat composition on movement behavior, we did not detect a signature of a landscape effect in genetic structure. Our results are consistent with the issue of limiting factors: the high uniformity of forest fragmentation across southern Iowa, the primary study area, results in a landscape resistance pattern virtually indistinguishable from the isolation-by-distance pattern. The northern portion of the state, however, is predicted to pose a high level of resistance to bobcat movement, which may impede the regional genetic connectivity of populations across the Midwest. C1 [Reding, Dawn M.; Clark, William R.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Cushman, Samuel A.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Gosselink, Todd E.] Iowa Dept Nat Resources, Chariton Res Stn, Chariton, IA 50049 USA. RP Reding, DM (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, 251 Bessey Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM reding@iastate.edu FU State Wildlife Grant [T-1-R-14]; Iowa Department of Natural Resources, Iowa State University; Iowa Science Foundation FX Funding was provided by State Wildlife Grant T-1-R-14, Iowa Department of Natural Resources, Iowa State University, and through a grant from the Iowa Science Foundation administered by the Iowa Academy of Science. We thank S. Tucker, J. Coffey, C. Tucker, D. Broman, J. Timmer, J. Kaufmann, C. Holy, and J. Comeau for field assistance; A. Bronikowski, E. Schroder, D. Fredrickson, H. Yoon, and K. Bellinger for laboratory assistance; J. Sherwood, R. McNeely, and J. Olbrecht for GIS assistance; K. Pazdernik for statistical assistance; and C. McAlpine and three anonymous reviewers for comments on a draft of this manuscript. NR 66 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 11 U2 163 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-2973 J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL JI Landsc. Ecol. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 28 IS 3 BP 471 EP 486 DI 10.1007/s10980-012-9844-y PG 16 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 108JW UT WOS:000316290100009 ER PT J AU Anderson, DM Murray, LW AF Anderson, Dean M. Murray, Leigh W. TI Sheep laterality SO LATERALITY LA English DT Article DE Behavioural lateralisation; Handedness; T-maze; Livestock behaviour ID LEARNING-ABILITY; BOVINE LATERALITY; LYING BEHAVIOR; CATTLE; MAZE; COWS; HORSES; LAMBS; UNDERNUTRITION; ALTERNATION AB Turning preferences among 309 white-faced ewes were individually evaluated in an enclosed, artificially lit T-maze, followed by each ewe choosing either a right or left return alley to return to peers. Data recorded included time in the start box, time in the T-maze, exit arm chosen to leave the T-maze, and return alley. Right and left arms of the T-maze were chosen 65.7% and 34.3% of the time, respectively, while right and left return alleys were chosen 32.4% and 67.6%, respectively. Exit arm and return alley were not independently chosen (p<.0001), with observed counts being higher than expected under independence when ewes made the same choice for exit and alley (RR or LL turn patterns) and being lower than expected for alternating choices (RL or LR). Out of the 309 ewes, 28.2% and 30.1% chose RR and LL turn patterns, respectively, while 37.5% chose the RL turn pattern, but only 13 (4.2%) chose the LR turning pattern. Overall, ewes that initially turned right when presented a second turning opportunity had a slight preference to alternate their turning direction, while ewes that initially turned left tended to continue turning left when given another chance to turn. Exit arm and return alley laterality was not related (=.05) to time of day the test was administered, ewe's age or genetics, most recent liveweight, or most recent shorn fleece weight. The mean time spent in the start box (21 s) was not related to exit arm (p=.947) or return alley (p=.779). Mean time (15 s) spent in the T-maze was not related to exit arm (p =.086) or return alley (p =.952). More research will be required to understand sheep turning laterality and how it can impact working facilities and research equipment. C1 [Anderson, Dean M.] ARS, USDA, Las Cruces, NM USA. [Murray, Leigh W.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Stat, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Anderson, DM (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, USDA ARS Jornada Expt Range JER, POB 30003,MSC 3JER, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM deanders@nmsu.edu NR 68 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 20 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1357-650X J9 LATERALITY JI Laterality PD MAR 1 PY 2013 VL 18 IS 2 BP 179 EP 193 DI 10.1080/1357650X.2011.647919 PG 15 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary; Psychology, Experimental SC Psychology GA 104RS UT WOS:000316013000003 PM 22471318 ER PT J AU Choi, SP Kim, SP Nam, SH Friedman, M AF Choi, Sun Phil Kim, Sung Phil Nam, Seok Hyun Friedman, Mendel TI Antitumor effects of dietary black and brown rice brans in tumor-bearing mice: Relationship to composition SO MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Black rice bran; Brown rice bran; Composition; Mice; Antitumor effects ID HULL SMOKE EXTRACT; INTESTINAL CARCINOGENESIS; ANTIOXIDATIVE ACTIVITIES; DIABETIC MICE; NITRIC-OXIDE; CANCER-CELLS; GROWTH; GAMMA; MACROPHAGES; INHIBITION AB Scope Feeding a diet supplemented with 10% (w/w) black and brown rice brans inhibited growth of transplanted tumors in mice. Methods and results Black and brown rice brans from Oryza sativa LK13-612-1 and Chuchung cultivars each contained 21 compounds characterized by GC/MS. Mice fed diets with added rice brans for 2 weeks were intracutaneously inoculated with CT-26 mouse cancer cells and fed the same diet for two additional weeks. Tumor mass was 35 and 19% lower in the black and brown bran-fed groups, respectively. Tumor inhibition was associated with increases in cytolytic activity of splenic natural killer (NK) cells; partial restoration of nitric oxide production and phagocytosis in peritoneal macrophages; increases in released tumor necrosis factor-, IL-1, and IL-6 from macrophages; increases in infiltration of leukocyte into the tumor; and reduction in angiogenesis inside the tumor. Proangiogenic biomarkers vascular endothelial growth factor, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) were also reduced in mRNA and protein expression. ELISA of tumor cells confirmed reduced expression of COX-2 and 5-LOX. Reduced COX-2 and 5-LOX expression downregulated vascular endothelial growth factor and inhibited neoangiogenesis inside the tumors. Conclusion Induction of NK activity and macrophages and inhibition of angiogenesis seem to contribute to tumor regression. C1 [Choi, Sun Phil; Nam, Seok Hyun] Ajou Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Suwon 443749, South Korea. [Kim, Sung Phil] Ajou Univ, Dept Mol Sci & Technol, Suwon 443749, South Korea. [Friedman, Mendel] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA USA. RP Nam, SH (reprint author), Ajou Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Suwon 443749, South Korea. EM shnam@ajou.ac.kr OI Friedman, Mendel/0000-0003-2582-7517 NR 51 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 5 U2 18 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1613-4125 J9 MOL NUTR FOOD RES JI Mol. Nutr. Food Res. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 57 IS 3 BP 390 EP 400 DI 10.1002/mnfr.201200515 PG 11 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 107PA UT WOS:000316229200004 PM 23281142 ER PT J AU Varshney, RK Song, C Saxena, RK Azam, S Yu, S Sharpe, AG Cannon, S Baek, J Rosen, BD Tar'an, B Millan, T Zhang, XD Ramsay, LD Iwata, A Wang, Y Nelson, W Farmer, AD Gaur, PM Soderlund, C Penmetsa, RV Xu, CY Bharti, AK He, WM Winter, P Zhao, SC Hane, JK Carrasquilla-Garcia, N Condie, JA Upadhyaya, HD Luo, MC Thudi, M Gowda, CLL Singh, NP Lichtenzveig, J Gali, KK Rubio, J Nadarajan, N Dolezel, J Bansal, KC Xu, X Edwards, D Zhang, GY Kahl, G Gil, J Singh, KB Datta, SK Jackson, SA Wang, J Cook, DR AF Varshney, Rajeev K. Song, Chi Saxena, Rachit K. Azam, Sarwar Yu, Sheng Sharpe, Andrew G. Cannon, Steven Baek, Jongmin Rosen, Benjamin D. Tar'an, Bunyamin Millan, Teresa Zhang, Xudong Ramsay, Larissa D. Iwata, Aiko Wang, Ying Nelson, William Farmer, Andrew D. Gaur, Pooran M. Soderlund, Carol Penmetsa, R. Varma Xu, Chunyan Bharti, Arvind K. He, Weiming Winter, Peter Zhao, Shancen Hane, James K. Carrasquilla-Garcia, Noelia Condie, Janet A. Upadhyaya, Hari D. Luo, Ming-Cheng Thudi, Mahendar Gowda, C. L. L. Singh, Narendra P. Lichtenzveig, Judith Gali, Krishna K. Rubio, Josefa Nadarajan, N. Dolezel, Jaroslav Bansal, Kailash C. Xu, Xun Edwards, David Zhang, Gengyun Kahl, Guenter Gil, Juan Singh, Karam B. Datta, Swapan K. Jackson, Scott A. Wang, Jun Cook, Douglas R. TI Draft genome sequence of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) provides a resource for trait improvement SO NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POPULATION-STRUCTURE; L. GENOME; ARABIDOPSIS; CHROMOSOMES; INTEGRATION; EVOLUTION; QUALITY; LEGUME AB Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) is the second most widely grown legume crop after soybean, accounting for a substantial proportion of human dietary nitrogen intake and playing a crucial role in food security in developing countries. We report the similar to 738-Mb draft whole genome shotgun sequence of CDC Frontier, a kabuli chickpea variety, which contains an estimated 28,269 genes. Resequencing and analysis of 90 cultivated and wild genotypes from ten countries identifies targets of both breeding-associated genetic sweeps and breeding-associated balancing selection. Candidate genes for disease resistance and agronomic traits are highlighted, including traits that distinguish the two main market classes of cultivated chickpea-desi and kabuli. These data comprise a resource for chickpea improvement through molecular breeding and provide insights into both genome diversity and domestication. C1 [Varshney, Rajeev K.; Saxena, Rachit K.; Azam, Sarwar; Gaur, Pooran M.; Upadhyaya, Hari D.; Thudi, Mahendar; Gowda, C. L. L.] Int Crops Res Inst Semi Arid Trop, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India. [Varshney, Rajeev K.] CGIAR Generat Challenge Programme, Texcoco, Mexico. [Song, Chi; Yu, Sheng; Zhang, Xudong; Wang, Ying; Xu, Chunyan; He, Weiming; Zhao, Shancen; Zhang, Gengyun; Wang, Jun] Beijing Genom Inst BGI Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Peoples R China. [Sharpe, Andrew G.; Ramsay, Larissa D.; Condie, Janet A.; Gali, Krishna K.] Natl Res Council Canada NRC CNRC, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Cannon, Steven] Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, Ames, IA USA. [Baek, Jongmin; Rosen, Benjamin D.; Penmetsa, R. Varma; Carrasquilla-Garcia, Noelia; Luo, Ming-Cheng; Cook, Douglas R.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Tar'an, Bunyamin] Univ Saskatchewan, Ctr Crop Dev, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W0, Canada. [Millan, Teresa; Rubio, Josefa; Gil, Juan] Univ Cordoba, Dept Genet, Cordoba, Spain. [Iwata, Aiko; Jackson, Scott A.] Univ Georgia, Ctr Appl Genet Technol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Nelson, William; Soderlund, Carol] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA. [Farmer, Andrew D.; Bharti, Arvind K.] NCGR, Santa Fe, NM USA. [Winter, Peter] GenXPro GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany. [Hane, James K.; Singh, Karam B.] CSIRO, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Singh, Narendra P.] ICAR Res Complex, All India Coordinated Res Project Chickpea AICRP, New Delhi, India. [Lichtenzveig, Judith] Curtin Univ, Bentley, WA, Australia. [Nadarajan, N.] ICAR Res Complex, IIPR, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. [Dolezel, Jaroslav] Inst Expt Bot, Ctr Reg Hana Biotechnol & Agr Res, Olomouc, Czech Republic. [Bansal, Kailash C.] ICAR Res Complex, NBPGR, New Delhi, India. [Edwards, David] ACPFG, St Lucia, Qld, Australia. [Edwards, David] Univ Queensland, St Lucia, Qld, Australia. [Kahl, Guenter] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, D-60054 Frankfurt, Germany. [Singh, Karam B.] Univ Western Australia, Univ Western Australia Inst Agr, Crawley, Australia. [Datta, Swapan K.] ICAR Res Complex, Div Crop Sci, New Delhi, India. [Wang, Jun] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Biol, Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Varshney, RK (reprint author), Int Crops Res Inst Semi Arid Trop, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India. EM r.k.varshney@cgiar.org; wangj@genomics.org.cn; drcook@ucdavis.edu RI Singh, Karam/C-3235-2012; Hane, James/A-7062-2011; Varshney, Rajeev/C-5295-2014; Wang, Jun/A-7261-2013; Updhayaya, Hari/C-4858-2014; Millan, Teresa/L-1362-2014; Rubio, Josefa/L-1868-2014; Gil, Juan/L-7167-2014; Dolezel, Jaroslav/B-7716-2008; Wang, Jun/C-8434-2016; Wang, Jun/B-9503-2016 OI Datta, Swapan/0000-0003-2961-8915; Singh, Karam/0000-0002-2777-7448; Hane, James/0000-0002-7651-0977; Varshney, Rajeev/0000-0002-4562-9131; Wang, Jun/0000-0002-1422-3331; Updhayaya, Hari/0000-0002-5166-6844; Millan, Teresa/0000-0003-1302-1794; Rubio, Josefa/0000-0002-5185-2719; Gil, Juan/0000-0001-7938-442X; Dolezel, Jaroslav/0000-0002-6263-0492; Wang, Jun/0000-0002-8540-8931; Wang, Jun/0000-0002-2113-5874 FU CGIAR Generation Challenge Programme [G7009.06]; US National Science Foundation [DBI 0605251, IOS-0965531, DBI 0822258]; Rural Development Administration of the Republic of Korea [PJ906910]; Indo-German Science Technology Centre; BGI, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Transomics Biotechnologies [CXB201108250096A]; Grains Research Development Corporation [UWA00149]; Australian Research Council [DP0985953, LP110100200]; Saskatchewan Pulse Growers; Saskatchewan Agriculture Development Fund; University of Cordoba; National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA) [RTA2010-00059]; National Research Initiative of US Department of Agriculture's National Institute of Food and Agriculture [0214643]; Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic; European Regional Development Fund [ED0007/01/01]; Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR); ICRISAT FX We would like to thank CGIAR Generation Challenge Programme (Theme Leader Discretionary grant to R.K.V., G7009.06 to D.R.C. and R.K.V.); US National Science Foundation (DBI 0605251 to D.R.C., IOS-0965531 to D.R.C. and R.K.V., and DBI 0822258 to S.A.J.); Rural Development Administration of the Republic of Korea (Woo Jang Choon Project No. PJ906910 to D.R.C.); Indo-German Science Technology Centre (R.K.V., G.K. and P.W.); BGI, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Transomics Biotechnologies (CXB201108250096A); Grains Research Development Corporation (UWA00149 to K.S.B.), Australian Research Council (DP0985953, LP110100200 to D.E.); Saskatchewan Pulse Growers (B.T. and A.G.S.); Saskatchewan Agriculture Development Fund (to A.G.S.); University of Cordoba and National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA) (RTA2010-00059 to T.M.); National Research Initiative of US Department of Agriculture's National Institute of Food and Agriculture (#0214643 to M.-C.L.); Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic and the European Regional Development Fund (ED0007/01/01 to J.D. and J.A.C.); Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) and ICRISAT for financial support to undertake parts of research presented in this study. Thanks are due to K. Hobson of Pulse Breeding Australia (PBA) for providing seeds of some genotypes used in this study. We would also like to thank W.D. Dar (director general, ICRISAT), D.A. Hoisington (deputy director general-research, ICRISAT) and J.-M. Ribaut (director, CGIAR GCP) for their helpful advice and assistance, wherever required, during the course of the study. NR 28 TC 288 Z9 298 U1 10 U2 118 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1087-0156 J9 NAT BIOTECHNOL JI Nat. Biotechnol. PD MAR PY 2013 VL 31 IS 3 BP 240 EP 246 DI 10.1038/nbt.2491 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 110JX UT WOS:000316439500019 PM 23354103 ER EF