FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Li, H Cunha, CW Abbitt, B Demaar, TW Lenz, SD Hayes, JR Taus, NS AF Li, Hong Cunha, Cristina W. Abbitt, Bruce Demaar, Thomas W. Lenz, Stephen D. Hayes, Jeffrey R. Taus, Naomi S. TI GOATS ARE A POTENTIAL RESERVOIR FOR THE HERPESVIRUS (MCFV-WTD), CAUSING MALIGNANT CATARRHAL FEVER IN DEER SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Caprine herpesvirus-3; deer; goats; herpesvirus; malignant catarrhal fever; reservoir ID ODOCOILEUS-VIRGINIANUS; VIRUS GROUP; GAMMAHERPESVIRUS AB In the recent investigation of malignant catarrhal fever in a red brocket deer (Mazama americana) from a Texas zoo, the viral DNA from the herpesvirus termed MCFV-WTD, which causes disease in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), was detected. The epidemiology information revealed that the red brocket deer had been associated with a herd of pygmy goats (Capra hircus) at the zoo. MCFV-WTD DNA was also detected in one of these 12 goats that were malignant catarrhal fever viral antibody positive. The amplified herpesviral sequences from the affected deer and the MCFV-WTD-positive goat were identical, and matched the sequence in GenBank. Three of 123 DNA samples from various breeds of goats from different geographic locations in the United States were positive for MCFV-WTD DNA. The study shows that MCFV-WTD is capable of causing malignant catarrhal fever in other species of deer besides white-tailed deer and suggests that goats are a potential reservoir for the virus. C1 [Li, Hong; Cunha, Cristina W.; Taus, Naomi S.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Li, Hong; Cunha, Cristina W.; Taus, Naomi S.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Abbitt, Bruce] Texas Vet Med Diagnost Labs, College Stn, TX 77841 USA. [Demaar, Thomas W.] Gladys Porter Zoo, Brownsville, TX 78520 USA. [Lenz, Stephen D.] Purdue Univ, Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Hayes, Jeffrey R.] Ohio Dept Agr, Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, Reynoldsburg, OH 43068 USA. RP Li, H (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM hli@vetmed.wsu.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service grant [5348-32000-032-00D] FX This work was supported by United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service grant 5348-32000-032-00D. The authors thank Shirley Elias and Jan Keller for excellent technical assistance. NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER ASSOC ZOO VETERINARIANS PI YULEE PA 581705 WHITE OAK ROAD, YULEE, FL 32097 USA SN 1042-7260 EI 1937-2825 J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 44 IS 2 BP 484 EP 486 DI 10.1638/2012-0087R.1 PG 3 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AM1PS UT WOS:000339620500033 PM 23805572 ER PT J AU Elliott, NC Kieckhefer, RW Phoofolo, MW AF Elliott, Norman C. Kieckhefer, Robert W. Phoofolo, Mpho W. TI Prey Foraging Movements by Hippodamia convergens in Wheat are Influenced by Hunger and Aphids SO SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article ID GREENBUGS HOMOPTERA; INDIGENOUS COCCINELLIDS; SITOBION-AVENAE; PLANTS; PREDATION; BEHAVIOR; SORGHUM; SEARCH; BEETLE; ADULTS AB We investigated foraging movements by adult female convergent lady beetles, Hippodamia convergens Guerin-Meneville, on wheat, Triticum aestivum L., growing in 1.8 x 1.8 m plantings in a greenhouse with a soil floor. The wheat was planted to simulate wheat in a typical production field. One planting was infested with English grain aphids, Sitobion avenae L., whereas the other planting was not infested. Beetles were maintained on one of two feeding regimes, partially starved (light-fed) and fed excess aphids (heavy-fed). The average distances moved by beetles per minute were 20.3 and 21.3 cm for light-and heavy-fed beetles in aphidfree plots compared to 4.6 and 10.1 cm by light-and heavy-fed beetles in aphid-infested plots. Light-and heavy-fed beetles moved almost the same distance per minute in the absence of aphids. However, in the aphid-infested plot, light-fed beetles moved a shorter distance than did heavy-fed beetles. The numbers of turns per minute were 0.29 and 0.49 for light-and heavy-fed beetles in aphid-free plots, and 0.75 and 0.81 for light-and heavy-fed beetles in aphid-infested plots. The number of turns a beetle made per minute was greater for heavy-than light-fed beetles in both the aphid-free and aphid-infested plots. Beetles in all treatments took few flights per minute, averaging less than 0.02 flight per minute for heavy-fed beetles in the aphid-free plots (the treatment with the greatest flight frequency). Light-fed beetles flew less frequently than did heavy-fed beetles in both aphid-infested and non-infested plots. Both light-fed and heavy-fed beetles flew less frequently in the aphid-infested than non-infested plots. The horizontal distance traversed by beetles, presumed to be related to prey searching, was affected by the presence of aphids, feeding regime (presumed to determine the physiological state of the beetles), and temperature. The reduced flight frequency and reduced rate of movement by walking observed in this study for light-fed beetles may be significant in assessing the potential for convergent lady beetles to exert effective biological control of aphids. The reduced dispersal rates, presumably resulting from insufficient energy for optimal dispersal, would reduce the likelihood that adult convergent lady beetles would find and exploit patchily distributed aphid infestations. For a population of beetles exploiting aphids within a landscape, the outcome would be less than optimal biological control. C1 [Elliott, Norman C.; Kieckhefer, Robert W.; Phoofolo, Mpho W.] ARS, USDA, Plant Sci Res Lab, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. [Kieckhefer, Robert W.] ARS, USDA, North Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. RP Elliott, NC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Plant Sci Res Lab, 1301 N Western Rd, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 11 PU SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI DALLAS PA 17360 COIT RD, DALLAS, TX 75252-6599 USA SN 0147-1724 EI 2162-2647 J9 SOUTHWEST ENTOMOL JI Southw. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 38 IS 2 BP 163 EP 171 DI 10.3958/059.038.0202 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AK3VG UT WOS:000338352400002 ER PT J AU Swisher, KD Arp, AP Bextine, BR Alvarez, EYA Crosslin, JM Munyaneza, JE AF Swisher, K. D. Arp, A. P. Bextine, B. R. Aguilar Alvarez, E. Y. Crosslin, J. M. Munyaneza, J. E. TI Haplotyping the Potato Psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli, in Mexico and Central America SO SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article ID REAL-TIME PCR; UNITED-STATES; LIBERIBACTER SOLANACEARUM; ZEBRA CHIP; DIFFERENTIATION; DISEASE; NORTH; SULC AB The potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli (Sulc) (Hemiptera: Triozidae), is a pest of potato, Solanum tuberosum L., and other solanaceous crops in North and Central America. This insect transmits Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum, the putative causal agent of zebra chip disease of potato. Recent studies identified three genetically distinct haplotypes of B. cockerelli in the United States, correlating to geographical regions: Central, Northwestern, and Western. Although biological differences among the haplotypes, including how effective they transmit the bacterium and their dispersal and overwintering capabilities, are currently being determined, identification of regional psyllid haplotypes is essential to effectively manage diseases caused by the pathogens they transmit to plants. Here, the same haplotyping tool used previously in the United States, high-resolution melting analysis targeted to the B. cockerelli mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I gene, was used to identify the psyllid populations in Mexico and Central America. Potato psyllids from Mexico, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua, were identified as belonging to the Central haplotype. C1 [Swisher, K. D.; Crosslin, J. M.] USDA ARS, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Arp, A. P.; Bextine, B. R.] Univ Texas Tyler, Tyler, TX 75799 USA. [Aguilar Alvarez, E. Y.] Zamorano Univ, Tegucigalpa, Honduras. [Munyaneza, J. E.] USDA ARS, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. RP Swisher, KD (reprint author), USDA ARS, 24106 N Bunn Rd, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. FU USDA-SCRI [2009-51181-20176]; USDA-RAMP [2009-51101-05892] FX We thank Oswaldo Rubio-Covarrubias for psyllids received from central Mexico, and Reynaldo Millan and Jose Garzon-Tiznado for psyllids received from northwestern Mexico. Financial support for this research was provided by the USDA-SCRI Project #2009-51181-20176 and the USDA-RAMP Project #2009-51101-05892. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture or the Agricultural Research Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 18 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 4 PU SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI DALLAS PA 17360 COIT RD, DALLAS, TX 75252-6599 USA SN 0147-1724 EI 2162-2647 J9 SOUTHWEST ENTOMOL JI Southw. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 38 IS 2 BP 201 EP 208 DI 10.3958/059.038.0205 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AK3VG UT WOS:000338352400005 ER PT J AU Brand, LA Dixon, MD Fetz, T Stromberg, JC Stewart, S Garber, G Goodrich, DC Brookshire, DS Broadbent, CD Benedict, K AF Brand, L. Arriana Dixon, Mark D. Fetz, Trevor Stromberg, Juliet C. Stewart, Steven Garber, Gail Goodrich, David C. Brookshire, David S. Broadbent, Craig D. Benedict, Karl TI PROJECTING AVIAN RESPONSES TO LANDSCAPE MANAGEMENT ALONG THE MIDDLE RIO GRANDE, NEW MEXICO SO SOUTHWESTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article AB Most lowland rivers in the southwestern United States have been impounded, diverted, or dewatered. Lack of flooding due to river impoundments on the Middle Rio Grande has contributed to the spread of exotic vegetation such as Russian olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia) and saltcedar (Tamarix) associated with fuel loads of dense understory. Management has largely focused on thinning of understory vegetation to remove nonnative species and reduce fire risk, but it is unclear how these actions impact avian populations. Using distance-sampling methods, we quantified densities of five groups of birds (birds nesting in canopy, midstory, and understory; water-obligates; and spring migrants) across 12 types of vegetation spanning managed and nonmanaged stands. We used a space-for-time substitution model to estimate changes in abundance of birds from scenarios that applied four possible options for management at the landscape scale. One option, mechanical clearing of cottonwood understory, had severe detrimental impacts for abundances of the three nesting guilds and spring migrants when applied across the study area. A hand-thinning method to remove most exotics but retain native shrubs and the ground layer also negatively impacted birds nesting in understory but had positive or no effect on the other four groups of birds. Over the short term (5-10 years), not clearing would increase the proportion of native and nonnative understory and generally increase abundances of birds. With application of ''no management'' over a longer period (50-75 years), we assumed transition of most cottonwood (Populus deltoides var. wislizeii) stands to shrublands of Russian olive and projected that canopy-nesting birds would decrease but other groups would increase. A scenario of wetland restoration that converted 25% of open habitat to wetland increased abundances of understory-nesting birds slightly and water-obligate birds substantially. Our projections of changes in avian populations will help managers evaluate biological impacts of management being considered for the Middle Rio Grande. C1 [Brand, L. Arriana; Stewart, Steven] Univ Arizona, SAHRA Ctr, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Dixon, Mark D.] Univ S Dakota, Dept Biol, Vermillion, SD 57069 USA. [Fetz, Trevor; Garber, Gail] Hawks Aloft Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87184 USA. [Stromberg, Juliet C.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Goodrich, David C.] ARS, USDA, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Brookshire, David S.; Broadbent, Craig D.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Econ, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Benedict, Karl] Univ New Mexico, Earth Data Anal Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Brand, LA (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Davis Field Stn, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM arriana_brand@usgs.gov RI Dixon, Mark/F-2641-2011; OI Dixon, Mark/0000-0002-0345-5655; Benedict, Karl/0000-0002-9109-2072 FU United States Army Corps of Engineers; United States Bureau of Reclamation; SAHRA (Sustainability of semi-Arid Hydrology and Riparian Areas) under the Science and Technology Program of the National Science Foundation [EAR-9876800]; United States Environmental Protection Agency "Integrated Modeling and Ecological Valuation'' EPA STAR grant [2003-STAR-G2]; Science Impact Laboratory for Policy and Economics based at the University of New Mexico; United States Geological Survey; United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service; Middle Rio Grande Bosque Initiative Group through the United States Fish and Wildlife Service FX We thank the United States Army Corps of Engineers, Middle Rio Grande Bosque Initiative Group through the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, and the United States Bureau of Reclamation for funding the collection of field data. Analysis and writing portions were supported by SAHRA (Sustainability of semi-Arid Hydrology and Riparian Areas) under the Science and Technology Program of the National Science Foundation (Agreement No. EAR- 9876800), the United States Environmental Protection Agency "Integrated Modeling and Ecological Valuation'' EPA STAR grant Program # 2003-STAR-G2, the Science Impact Laboratory for Policy and Economics based at the University of New Mexico, and the United States Geological Survey in collaboration with the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service. We also thank the governmental agencies and private individuals that provided access to the study area and the field staff that collected data. J. Grandy, C. S. Crawford, J. Thatcher, and O. Hummel provided comments and insights pertaining to study design. We are grateful to G. D. Schnell, P. K. Kennedy, S. P. Jones, J. Demers, and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments that improvedthis manuscript. We are also grateful to S. A. Rosenfeld and K. Ramirez for translating the abstract. NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 11 PU SOUTHWESTERN ASSOC NATURALISTS PI SAN MARCOS PA SOUTHWEST TEXAS STATE UNIV, DEPT BIOLOGY, 601 UNIVERSITY DR, SAN MARCOS, TX 78666 USA SN 0038-4909 EI 1943-6262 J9 SOUTHWEST NAT JI Southw. Natural. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 58 IS 2 BP 150 EP 162 DI 10.1894/0038-4909-58.2.150 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA V37ZD UT WOS:000209312800002 ER PT J AU Parresol, BR Devall, MS AF Parresol, Bernard R. Devall, Margaret S. TI PATTERNS OF DIAMETRIC GROWTH IN STEM-ANALYZED LAUREL TREES (CORDIA ALLIODORA) IN A PANAMANIAN FOREST SO SOUTHWESTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article AB Based on cross-dated increment cores, yearly diameters of trees were reconstructed for 21 laurels (Cordia alliodora) growing in a natural secondary forest on Gigante Peninsula, Panama. From this sample of dominant-codominant trees, ages were 14-35 years with an average of 25 years. Growth typically slowed at 7 years old, indicating effects of competition from closure of gaps in the canopy. Rate of growth in diameter was modeled using the Bertalanffy-Richards growth function. Four patterns of growth were detected, of which 57% were sigmoidal, 19% were convex, 10% were monomolecular, and 14% were inverse sigmoid. C1 [Parresol, Bernard R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland, OR 97208 USA. [Devall, Margaret S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, Southern Res Stn, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Parresol, BR (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland, OR 97208 USA. EM bparresol@fs.fed.us FU Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; International Institute of Tropical Forestry in Puerto Rico FX The authors thank the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute for funding part of this project and for help in coordinating the work at Gigante Peninsula. We also thank the International Institute of Tropical Forestry in Puerto Rico for the majority of funding to conduct research in Panama. S. Zarnoch and D. Gartner provided valuable reviews of the manuscript. We thank the guest editor and the referees for critical reviews that improved the manuscript. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SOUTHWESTERN ASSOC NATURALISTS PI SAN MARCOS PA SOUTHWEST TEXAS STATE UNIV, DEPT BIOLOGY, 601 UNIVERSITY DR, SAN MARCOS, TX 78666 USA SN 0038-4909 EI 1943-6262 J9 SOUTHWEST NAT JI Southw. Natural. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 58 IS 2 BP 170 EP 178 DI 10.1894/0038-4909-58.2.170 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA V37ZD UT WOS:000209312800004 ER PT J AU Hollenbeck, JP Bate, LJ Saab, VA Lehmkuhl, JF AF Hollenbeck, Jeff P. Bate, Lisa J. Saab, Victoria A. Lehmkuhl, John F. TI Snag Distributions in Relation to Human Access in Ponderosa Pine Forests SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE cavity-user; human access; ponderosa pine; road density; snag densities; snag diameter distribution; wildlife habitat AB Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forests in western North America provide habitat for numerous cavity-using wildlife species that often select large-diameter snags for nesting and roosting. Yet large snags are often removed for their commercial and firewood values. Consequently we evaluated effects of human access on snag densities and diameter-class distributions at nine locations in ponderosa pine forests throughout the interior western United States. We found no relationship between small-diameter (23-50 cm diam breast ht [dbh]) snags and human access measures (i.e., road density, distance to nearest town, and topography). However, large-snag (>= 50 cm dbh) density was best predicted by road density, which suggested a decline, on average, of 0.7 large snags/ha for every km of road/km(2). Most locations had relatively high densities of small-diameter snags (< 23 cm dbh) and diminishing density as diameter class increased. Idaho and Colorado study locations had higher snag densities in the largest diameter classes compared with remaining locations. These locations experienced minimal commercial timber harvest, were situated far from towns, and had few or no roads. Persistence of large-diameter snags and adequate snag densities for wildlife requires consideration of human access characteristics at coarse spatial scales. Snag management guidelines may need to incorporate these measures and focus more on retention of large-diameter snags than minimum density targets. (C) 2013 The Wildlife Society. C1 [Hollenbeck, Jeff P.; Saab, Victoria A.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Bate, Lisa J.] Glacier Natl Pk, Kalispell, MT 59901 USA. [Lehmkuhl, John F.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. RP Hollenbeck, JP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM jhollenbeck@usgs.gov FU Joint Fire Science Program [01-1-3-25]; National Fire Plan [02.RMS.C.2, 01.PNW.C.2]; USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station; Pacific Northwest Research Station; Pacific Northwest Region; Intermountain Region FX This study was funded by the Joint Fire Science Program (no. 01-1-3-25), National Fire Plan (02.RMS.C.2 and 01.PNW.C.2), and the USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station, Pacific Northwest Research Station, and Intermountain and Pacific Northwest Regions. The Nature Conservancy of Oregon and the Payette, Fremont-Winema, Okanogan-Wenatchee, Helena, San Juan, Kaibab, Coconino, Apache-Sitgreaves, and Gila National Forests also contributed to the project. We thank W. Block and site managers at each location for overseeing the data collection, including K. Woodruff, A. Markus, S. Story, G. Vos, B. Dickson, S. Jentsch, and A. Garcia. A. Jacobs and M. Wisdom provided thoughtful comments on the manuscript. R. King provided guidance on statistical analyses. We are grateful to S. Vojta and many other field assistants who worked long, hot days to collect the field data. NR 70 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1938-5463 J9 WILDLIFE SOC B JI Wildl. Soc. Bull. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 37 IS 2 BP 256 EP 266 DI 10.1002/wsb.252 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA V38HP UT WOS:000209334800003 ER PT J AU Ciuzio, E Hohman, WL Martin, B Smith, MD Stephens, S Strong, AM VerCauteren, T AF Ciuzio, Elizabeth Hohman, William L. Martin, Brian Smith, Mark D. Stephens, Scott Strong, Allan M. VerCauteren, Tammy TI Opportunities and Challenges to Implementing Bird Conservation on Private Lands SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE agriculture; bird conservation; Farm Bill; NRCS; private land; working land AB With > 70% of the United States held in private ownership, land-use decisions of landowners will ultimately dictate the future of bird conservation in North America. However, land-use objectives of landowners vary considerably and present opportunities and challenges for bird conservationists. Innovative strategies incorporating proactive approaches to address educational, financial, social, and economic needs of landowners are required to garner participation in conservation programs and practices to create or enhance bird habitat on privately owned working lands. Farm Bill conservation programs and practices provide unprecedented opportunities to facilitate bird conservation at regional and national scales and frequently serve as the primary vehicle for many non-governmental organizations to accomplish their bird conservation goals. We identify current challenges and opportunities for bird conservation on private lands and present 4 case studies whereby partnerships with federal agencies, mainly the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Natural Resources Conservation Service, have proven successful in eliciting positive, measurable outcomes to bird conservation efforts on private lands spanning many North American physiographic regions. The future of bird conservation will increasingly rely upon the ability of federal agencies to prioritize and allocate additional resources to deliver bird conservation programs on private lands and a greater awareness by conservationists of the role of economics in the decision-making process of landowners. Published 2013. C1 [Ciuzio, Elizabeth] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Pleasantville, NJ 08232 USA. [Hohman, William L.] USDA, Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Ft Worth, TX 76115 USA. [Martin, Brian] Nature Conservancy, Helena, MT 59601 USA. [Smith, Mark D.] Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Stephens, Scott] Ducks Unlimited Canada, Natl Headquarters, Oak Hammock Marsh, Stonewall, MB ROC 2Z0, Canada. [Strong, Allan M.] Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [VerCauteren, Tammy] Rocky Mt Bird Observ, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Ciuzio, E (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 927 N Main St, Pleasantville, NJ 08232 USA. EM astrong@uvm.edu FU USDA-NIFA Managed Ecosystems Program [03-35101-13817]; Natural Resources Conservation Service's Agricultural Wildlife Conservation Center (Grassland Birds in Northeastern Haylands) FX This article is the product of a symposium "Opportunities and Challenges to Bird Conservation on Private Working Lands'' (Organizers: D. Hahn and W.L. Hohman) conducted at the Fourth International Partners in Flight Conference held in McAllen, Texas, 13-16 February 2008. We thank other symposium participants (D. Hahn, M. Maslonek, T. Present, C. Rustay, and T. Thompson) for thought-provoking discussions on private lands conservation. Funding was provided by the USDA-NIFA Managed Ecosystems Program (grant no. 03-35101-13817) and the Natural Resources Conservation Service's Agricultural Wildlife Conservation Center (Grassland Birds in Northeastern Haylands). Helpful reviews of the draft manuscript were provided by S. Brady, C. Kowaleski, T. Present, T. Rich, S. Riffell, and C. Rustay. The authors do not have any interest or relationship, financial or otherwise, that might be perceived as influencing our objectivity surrounding the data and ideas presented in this manuscript. NR 61 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1938-5463 J9 WILDLIFE SOC B JI Wildl. Soc. Bull. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 37 IS 2 BP 267 EP 277 DI 10.1002/wsb.266 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA V38HP UT WOS:000209334800004 ER PT J AU Anderson, A Gebhardt, K Cross, WT Shwiff, SA AF Anderson, Aaron Gebhardt, Karen Cross, Wylie T. Shwiff, Stephanie A. TI Spillover Benefits of Wildlife Management to Support Pheasant Populations SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE corn; economics; pheasant; raccoon; spillover benefits; trapping; Wyoming AB Ring-necked pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) and other upland game populations in Wyoming, USA, have been declining due to changes in agricultural practices, urban development, and predation. Raccoons (Procyon lotor) have been implicated as one of the main predators of pheasant nests. Management of raccoons to support pheasant populations has the direct benefit of increasing pheasant populations and additional spillover benefits to corn producers in the region may occur. We conducted a field study in southeastern Wyoming from July to October 2009 to estimate the increase in corn yield associated with raccoon trapping. Although the primary purpose of the raccoon trapping was the support of upland game bird populations, the added benefit of increased revenue for corn producers is an important consideration. We tracked corn damage in 10 study plots over 6 weeks and estimated that trapping raccoons yields a revenue increase of US$10.75/ha. This type of spillover benefit is rarely considered when raccoon management decisions are made but is significant and should be included in any explicit or implicit benefit-cost analysis of the management action. Published 2013. C1 [Anderson, Aaron] USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Gebhardt, Karen] Colorado State Univ, Dept Econ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Cross, Wylie T.; Shwiff, Stephanie A.] USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Wildlife Serv, Wyoming State Off, Casper, WY 82602 USA. RP Anderson, A (reprint author), USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM aaron.m.anderson@aphis.usda.gov NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1938-5463 J9 WILDLIFE SOC B JI Wildl. Soc. Bull. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 37 IS 2 BP 278 EP 280 DI 10.1002/wsb.280 PG 3 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA V38HP UT WOS:000209334800005 ER PT J AU O'Keefe, JM Loeb, SC Gerard, PD Lanham, JD AF O'Keefe, Joy M. Loeb, Susan C. Gerard, Patrick D. Lanham, J. Drew TI Effects of Riparian Buffer Width on Activity and Detection of Common Bats in the Southern Appalachian Mountains SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE bat activity; edge; foraging habitat; forest management; riparian buffer zone; streams AB Riparian zones are important to bats, which use them for foraging, roosting, and drinking. To predict effects of timber harvests in riparian areas on bats, more information is needed on the functional width of riparian zones for bats, and how bats respond to forest removal near small perennial streams. From May to August (2004-2007), we studied bat presence and activity in 1 unharvested site and 3 harvested sites with different riparian-buffer sizes (0 m, 10 m, and 30 m) in the southern Appalachian Mountains of the United States. We measured activity at 3 distances from the stream in each site (0 m, stream; 23 m, mid; and 46 m, far), classified bat calls by phonic group, and tested the effect of harvest on overall activity, detection, and naive occupancy rates for 4 phonic groups. Pre-harvest activity was higher at the far versus stream or mid positions. Position, harvest, and interactions affected post-harvest change in activity in the treatment sites. Pre- and post-harvest activity was similar at all positions in the 30-m site. Activity increased significantly in the 0-m and 10-m sites, likely due to the presence of edge after harvest. Detection probabilities were higher post-harvest for larger bats and occupancy of 0-m and 10-m sites was higher post-harvest for all phonic groups except Myotis. Post-harvest responses suggest that the functional width of riparian zones in our study area is >= 10 m. This study is the first to test the effects of harvesting on use of riparian forests by bats; further long-term landscape-scale studies are needed. (C) 2013 The Wildlife Society. C1 [O'Keefe, Joy M.] Clemson Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Loeb, Susan C.] Clemson Univ, USDA, Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Gerard, Patrick D.] Clemson Univ, Dept Math Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Lanham, J. Drew] Clemson Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. RP O'Keefe, JM (reprint author), Indiana State Univ, Dept Biol, Terre Haute, IN 47809 USA. EM joy.okeefe@indstate.edu FU U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service, Bat Conservation International, and Touchstone Energy; Clemson University FX We thank B. Carey, C. Cooke, N. Gikas, D. Horvath, A. Janicki, E. MacDonald, O. Pearman, T. Sichmeller, P. Swenson, M. Vindigni, and M. Vukovich for field assistance. Funding for our study was provided by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service, Bat Conservation International, and Touchstone Energy. J. M. O. was supported by assistantships and fellowships from Clemson University. We appreciate logistical help from the Nantahala National Forest, P. Layton and S. Pedric (Clemson University), and B. Clinton (USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station). We thank 2 anonymous reviewers, E. Britzke, H. Hill, Jr., D. Miller, T. Wigley, and M. Yates for comments and reviews. NR 45 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1938-5463 J9 WILDLIFE SOC B JI Wildl. Soc. Bull. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 37 IS 2 BP 319 EP 326 DI 10.1002/wsb.267 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA V38HP UT WOS:000209334800011 ER PT J AU Brennan, A Cross, PC Ausband, DE Barbknecht, A Creel, S AF Brennan, Angela Cross, Paul C. Ausband, David E. Barbknecht, Andrea Creel, Scott TI Testing Automated Howling Devices in a Wintertime Wolf Survey SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Editorial Material DE abundance; Canis lupus; distribution; Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem; howling survey; noninvasive survey; snow-tracking; wolves; Wyoming AB Previous tests of the automated acoustic device, referred to as a howlbox, effectively identified the presence of wolves (Canis lupus) during the summer, near rendezvous sites. Howlboxes are self-contained devices that broadcast simulated wolf howls and record howls made in response, and are of interest in remote locations to document the presence of dispersing wolves and new wolf packs. It is unclear whether the howlbox can also detect wolves during the winter when wolves are more mobile. We tested the howlbox's ability to detect wolves in an area with approximately 3 wolves/100 km(2) and overlapping pack territories in western Wyoming, USA, during January-May 2011. Howlboxes detected wolves in only 1.1% (n = 185, 95% CI = 0.1-3.8%) of the surveys, but we recorded wolf tracks within 50 m of howlboxes 14.8% (n = 54, 95% CI = 6.6-27.1%) of the time. Though howlboxes seldom recorded wolf howls, our findings suggest the possibility that howlboxes may attract wolves in areas with overlapping pack territories during the winter. (C) 2013 The Wildlife Society. C1 [Brennan, Angela] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Cross, Paul C.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Missoula, MT 59715 USA. [Ausband, David E.] Univ Montana, Montana Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Barbknecht, Andrea] US Forest Serv, Cody, WY 82414 USA. [Creel, Scott] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. RP Brennan, A (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. EM angie_brennan@hotmail.com NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1938-5463 J9 WILDLIFE SOC B JI Wildl. Soc. Bull. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 37 IS 2 BP 389 EP 393 DI 10.1002/wsb.269 PG 5 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA V38HP UT WOS:000209334800020 ER PT J AU Stevens, BS Naugle, DE Dennis, B Connelly, JW Griffiths, T Reese, KP AF Stevens, Bryan S. Naugle, David E. Dennis, Brian Connelly, John W. Griffiths, Tim Reese, Kerry P. TI Mapping Sage-Grouse Fence-Collision Risk: Spatially Explicit Models for Targeting Conservation Implementation SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE avian collision; Centrocercus urophasianus; collision mitigation; fence collision; fence markers; infrastructure marking; sage-grouse AB Recent research suggested greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; hereafter, sagegrouse) fence collision may be widespread, and fence-marking methods have been developed for reducing prairie-grouse collision in sagebrush-steppe habitats. However, research also suggested sage-grouse collision was highly variable, and managers implementing mitigation desire targeting tools to prioritize mitigation efforts as a function of risk. We fit collision-risk models using widely available covariates to a sage-grouse fence-collision data set from Idaho, USA, and developed spatially explicit versions of the top model for all known sage-grouse breeding habitats (i.e., within 3 km of leks) in 10 of 11 western states where sage-grouse are found. Our models prioritize breeding habitats for mitigation as a function of terrain ruggedness and distance to nearest lek, and suggest that a relatively small proportion of the total landscape (6-14%) in each state would result in >1 collision over a lekking season. Managers can use resulting models to prioritize fence-marking by focusing efforts on high risk landscapes. Moreover, our models provide a spatially explicit tool to efficiently target conservation investments, and exemplify the way that researchers and managers can work together to turn scientific understanding into effective conservation solutions. (C) 2013 The Wildlife Society. C1 [Stevens, Bryan S.; Dennis, Brian; Reese, Kerry P.] Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Stevens, Bryan S.; Dennis, Brian] Univ Idaho, Dept Stat Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Naugle, David E.] Univ Montana, Wildlife Biol Program, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Connelly, John W.] Idaho Dept Fish & Game, Pocatello, ID 83204 USA. [Griffiths, Tim] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Bozeman, MT 59718 USA. RP Stevens, BS (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, 13 Nat Resources, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM stev8930@vandals.uidaho.edu FU Natural Resources Conservation Service's Sage Grouse Initiative; Idaho Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration [W-160-R] FX Funding for this project was provided by the Natural Resources Conservation Service's Sage Grouse Initiative. We thank everyone involved in the various parts of this research: D. Ayers, J. Baumgardt, R. Berkeley, C. Cardinal, L. Cross, C. Earle, C. Hendricks, S. Jackson, A. Locatelli, J. Maestas, P. Makela, A. Moser, N. Muhn, D. Musil, R. Smith, and M. Szczypinski. We thank J. Evans, K. Nicholson, and E. Strand for GIS support and advice during this work. We also thank J. Evans for hosting the site where managers can download GIS shape files, and the 10 state fish and wildlife agencies that provided baseline lek database files for our analyses. Lastly, this manuscript was greatly improved by suggestions from J. Buchanan and 2 anonymous reviewers. Data used for our analyses were contributions from Idaho Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Project W-160-R. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1938-5463 J9 WILDLIFE SOC B JI Wildl. Soc. Bull. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 37 IS 2 BP 409 EP 415 DI 10.1002/wsb.273 PG 7 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA V38HP UT WOS:000209334800023 ER PT J AU Kluever, BM Gese, EM Dempsey, SJ Knight, RN AF Kluever, Bryan M. Gese, Eric M. Dempsey, Steven J. Knight, Robert N. TI A Comparison of Methods for Monitoring Kit Foxes at Den Sites SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE camera; observers; survey methods; Utah; Vulpes macrotis AB Monitoring mammalian carnivores at den sites with human observers to document behavior, fecundity, litter size, and natal survival is commonplace when compared with monitoring den sites with cameras. However, no published studies exist comparing the effectiveness of human observers versus cameras in a quantitative manner. Obtaining complete and reliable counts of adult and pup kit foxes (Vulpes macrotis) can be crucial for estimating population parameters and life-history traits. In the summers of 2010 and 2011, we made weekly counts of adult and pup kit foxes at active den sites using 2methods: 1) an observer equipped with spotting scope and/or binoculars and 2) a remote infrared motion-sensitive camera. We accumulated 71 and 29 counts at active den sites, respectively. The median number of adults observed at den sites with a camera and observer differed and were 2 adults versus 1 adult, respectively. Similarly, the median number of pups observed at den sites with a remote camera versus an observer differed and was 2 pups versus 1 pup, respectively. We observed these differences despite the similar effort required to manage cameras and conduct observations. We recommend future surveys aimed at ascertaining more reliable counts of kit foxes and similar species at den sites use a survey methodology employing remote cameras or video over a multi-day period. (C) 2013 The Wildlife Society. C1 [Kluever, Bryan M.; Dempsey, Steven J.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Gese, Eric M.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Knight, Robert N.] US Army Dugway Proving Ground, Nat Resources Program, Dugway, UT 84022 USA. RP Kluever, BM (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM klueverb@gmail.com RI Gese, Eric/B-4578-2011 FU U.S. Army Dugway Proving Ground; U.S. Department of Agriculture/Wildlife Services/National Wildlife Research Center; Utah Division of Wildlife Resources; TE Inc.; S. J. and Jessie E. Quinney Foundation FX We thank A. Hodge, B. Smith, C. Crawford, and C. Hansen for invaluable field assistance; J. Young for providing cameras; and L. Hall and R. Larsen for logistical and technical support. Financial and logistical support provided by the U.S. Army Dugway Proving Ground, the U.S. Department of Agriculture/Wildlife Services/National Wildlife Research Center, The Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, The S. J. and Jessie E. Quinney Foundation, and T&E Inc. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1938-5463 J9 WILDLIFE SOC B JI Wildl. Soc. Bull. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 37 IS 2 BP 439 EP 443 DI 10.1002/wsb.261 PG 5 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA V38HP UT WOS:000209334800028 ER PT J AU Brinkman, TJ Person, DK Smith, W Chapin, FS McCoy, K Leonawicz, M Hundertmark, KJ AF Brinkman, Todd J. Person, David K. Smith, Winston Chapin, F. Stuart, III McCoy, Karin Leonawicz, Matthew Hundertmark, Kris J. TI Using DNA to Test the Utility of Pellet-Group Counts as an Index of Deer Counts SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE Alaska; DNA; fecal pellets; Odocoileus hemionus sitkensis; pellet-group counts; Sitka black-tailed deer AB Despite widespread use of fecal pellet-group counts as an index of ungulate density, techniques used to convert pellet-group numbers to ungulate numbers rarely are based on counts of known individuals, seldom evaluated across spatial and temporal scales, and precision is infrequently quantified. Using DNA from fecal pellets to identify individual deer, we evaluated the relationship between pellet-group count and count of Sitka black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus sitkensis) during a 3-year study (2006-2008) in 3 watersheds in southeast Alaska, USA. We surveyed 141,054 m(2) of transect, counted 10,569 pellet groups, and identified 737 unique deer. We used a multilevel mixed-effects generalized linear model to analyze expected deer count as a function of pellet-group count. Pellet-group count was a significant predictor of DNA-based index of deer count, but that relationship varied by transect, watershed, and year, indicating that extrapolation of a single linear relationship across space and time was not possible. More importantly, most of the variation in our models was residual and unexplained. Assuming that our DNA-based results were a more accurate and precise metric of true deer count, we do not support the use of pellet-group count to index deer count in southeast Alaska unless confounding factors are accounted for at fine spatial (e.g., habitat patch) scales. Because of the difficulty in routinely evaluating the influence of confounding variables in remote and unmanaged landscapes, we suggest that wildlife programs in these environments consider alternatives, such as DNA-based methods, for monitoring trends in ungulate populations. (C) 2013 The Wildlife Society. C1 [Brinkman, Todd J.; Chapin, F. Stuart, III; Hundertmark, Kris J.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Person, David K.] Alaska Dept Fish & Game, Div Wildlife Conservat, Ketchikan, AK 99901 USA. [Smith, Winston] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forestry & Range Sci Lab, La Grande, OR 97850 USA. [McCoy, Karin] Alaska Dept Fish & Game, Div Wildlife Conservat, Douglas, AK 99811 USA. [Leonawicz, Matthew] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Scenarios Network Alaska Planning, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. RP Brinkman, TJ (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. EM tjbrinkman@alaska.edu FU U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service; Pacific Northwest Research Station [PNW01-JV11261952-231]; Alaska Trappers Association; Resilience and Adaptation Program (IGERT) [NSF 0114423]; Bonanza Creek LTER [NSF 0423442]; University of Alaska Fairbanks Institute of Arctic Biology FX We thank Hydaburg Cooperative Association, J. Adams, R. Barry, T. Christianson, K. Colson, P. Converse, R. Janzen, A. Nelson, A. Peratrovich, N. Phillips, N. Swensgard, and J. Waite for data collection and analysis assistance. Funding was provided by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station grant (PNW01-JV11261952-231), Alaska Trappers Association, the Resilience and Adaptation Program (IGERT, NSF 0114423), the Bonanza Creek LTER (NSF 0423442), and the University of Alaska Fairbanks Institute of Arctic Biology. The Alaska Department of Fish and Game provided logistical support. NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1938-5463 J9 WILDLIFE SOC B JI Wildl. Soc. Bull. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 37 IS 2 BP 444 EP 450 DI 10.1002/wsb.270 PG 7 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA V38HP UT WOS:000209334800029 ER PT J AU Strickland, BK Jones, PD Demarais, S Dacus, CM Dillard, JR Jacobson, H AF Strickland, Bronson K. Jones, Phillip D. Demarais, Stephen Dacus, Chad M. Dillard, Jocephus R. Jacobson, Harry TI Estimating Boone and Crockett Scores for White-Tailed Deer From Simple Antler Measurements SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE antler size; Boone and Crockett scoring system; Odocoileus virginianus; white-tailed deer AB Antler characteristics are a measure of phenotypic quality and are used by wildlife managers and hunters to assess herd characteristics of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). A single metric for antler quality would benefit scientists, wildlife managers, and the hunting public by providing a common gauge. Total antler volume or mass may be the most accurate measure of antler development, but is not practical to obtain from most hunter-harvested animals. The most accepted single measure of antler size is Boone & Crockett (B&C) score. We confirmed the efficacy of gross B&C scores as a predictor of antler mass (g) using antler measurements from 159 captive deer from the Mississippi State University Rusty Dawkins Memorial Deer Unit taken during 1986-1997. Gross B&C score explained 78% of variation in antler mass and was the best 1-variable predictive model. However, calculation of gross B&C score may require >= 11 measurements for most harvested adult males. To test the possibility of deriving a simple model to predict gross B&C score from a reduced number of measurements, we used data from 3,532 deer in the Mississippi Magnolia Records Program to examine regression models using inside spread, number of antler points, basal circumference, and main beam length as explanatory variables, because these are the most common antler measurements recorded by wildlife managers. A simple model using total number of points >= 2.5 cm and length of main beams explained 77% of variability in gross B&C scores. This model should enable hunters to provide accurate information to biologists regarding antler development in adult age classes, and its relative simplicity may encourage use. (C) 2013 The Wildlife Society. C1 [Strickland, Bronson K.; Demarais, Stephen; Jacobson, Harry] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Strickland, Bronson K.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Dacus, Chad M.] Mississippi Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Parks, Jackson, MS 39211 USA. [Dillard, Jocephus R.] USDA, Jackson, MS 39201 USA. RP Strickland, BK (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture, Box 9690, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM bstrickland@cfr.msstate.edu NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1938-5463 J9 WILDLIFE SOC B JI Wildl. Soc. Bull. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 37 IS 2 BP 458 EP 463 DI 10.1002/wsb.278 PG 6 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA V38HP UT WOS:000209334800031 ER PT J AU Pedersen, LE Harndahl, M Nielsen, M Patch, JR Jungersen, G Buus, S Golde, WT AF Pedersen, L. E. Harndahl, M. Nielsen, M. Patch, J. R. Jungersen, G. Buus, S. Golde, W. T. TI Identification of peptides from foot-and-mouth disease virus structural proteins bound by class I swine leukocyte antigen (SLA) alleles, SLA-1*0401 and SLA-2*0401 SO ANIMAL GENETICS LA English DT Article DE binding motif; prediction; SLA; T-cell epitope ID LYMPHOCYTIC CHORIOMENINGITIS VIRUS; CELL-MEDIATED LYSIS; COMPLEX CLASS-I; HLA-A; BINDING-SPECIFICITY; H-2 COMPATIBILITY; SEQUENCE; PREDICTION; MOLECULES; ESTABLISHMENT AB Characterization of the peptide-binding specificity of swine leukocyte antigen (SLA) class I and II molecules is critical to the understanding of adaptive immune responses of swine toward infectious pathogens. Here, we describe the complete binding motif of the SLA-2*0401 molecule based on a positional scanning combinatorial peptide library approach. By combining this binding motif with data achieved by applying the NetMHCpan peptide prediction algorithm to both SLA-1*0401 and SLA-2*0401, we identified high-affinity binding peptides. A total of 727 different 9mer and 726 different 10mer peptides within the structural proteins of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), strain A24 were analyzed as candidate T-cell epitopes. Peptides predicted by the NetMHCpan were tested in ELISA for binding to the SLA-1*0401 and SLA-2*0401 major histocompatibility complex class I proteins. Four of the 10 predicted FMDV peptides bound to SLA-2*0401, whereas five of the nine predicted FMDV peptides bound to SLA-1*0401. These methods provide the characterization of T-cell epitopes in response to pathogens in more detail. The development of such approaches to analyze vaccine performance will contribute to a more accelerated improvement of livestock vaccines by virtue of identifying and focusing analysis on bona fide T-cell epitopes. C1 [Pedersen, L. E.; Patch, J. R.; Golde, W. T.] ARS, Foreign Anim Dis Unit, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. [Pedersen, L. E.; Harndahl, M.; Buus, S.] Univ Copenhagen, Expt Immunol Lab, Fac Hlth Sci, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark. [Pedersen, L. E.; Jungersen, G.] Tech Univ Denmark, Natl Vet Inst, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Nielsen, M.] Tech Univ Denmark, Ctr Biol Sequence Anal, Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Golde, WT (reprint author), ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, POB 848, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. EM william.golde@ars.usda.gov RI Jungersen, Gregers/C-3940-2011; Buus, Soren/F-5446-2010; OI Jungersen, Gregers/0000-0003-3147-6960; Buus, Soren/0000-0001-8363-1999; Nielsen, Morten/0000-0001-7885-4311 FU Agricultural Research Service, USDA [1940-32000-053-00D]; Danish Council for Independent Research, Technology and Production Sciences [274-09-0281]; United States National Institutes of Health (NIH) [HHSN266200400025C] FX This work was funded by CRIS #1940-32000-053-00D from the Agricultural Research Service, USDA (WTG); by the Danish Council for Independent Research, Technology and Production Sciences (274-09-0281) (GJ); and by the United States National Institutes of Health (NIH) (HHSN266200400025C) (SB). NR 30 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0268-9146 EI 1365-2052 J9 ANIM GENET JI Anim. Genet. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 44 IS 3 BP 251 EP 258 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2012.02400.x PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Genetics & Heredity SC Agriculture; Genetics & Heredity GA 132MJ UT WOS:000318072300002 PM 22984928 ER PT J AU Marshall, K Mugambi, JM Nagda, S Sonstegard, TS Van Tassell, CP Baker, RL Gibson, JP AF Marshall, K. Mugambi, J. M. Nagda, S. Sonstegard, T. S. Van Tassell, C. P. Baker, R. L. Gibson, J. P. TI Quantitative trait loci for resistance to Haemonchus contortus artificial challenge in Red Maasai and Dorper sheep of East Africa SO ANIMAL GENETICS LA English DT Article DE disease resistance; double backcross population; East African sheep; fecal egg count; gastrointestinal nematodes; whole-genome linkage analysis ID GASTROINTESTINAL NEMATODE PARASITES; BACKCROSS RESOURCE POPULATION; ANTHELMINTIC RESISTANCE; MICROSATELLITE POLYMORPHISM; PHENOTYPIC PERFORMANCE; REGRESSION METHOD; SOAY SHEEP; INFECTION; GOATS; KENYA AB A genome-wide scan was performed to detect quantitative trait loci (QTL) for resistance to the gastrointestinal nematode Haemonchus contortus in a double backcross population of Red Maasai and Dorper sheep. The mapping population comprised six sire families, with 1026 lambs in total. The lambs were artificially challenged with H.contortus at about 6.5months of age, and nine phenotypes were measured: fecal egg count, packed cell volume decline, two weight traits and five worm traits. A subset of the population (342 lambs) was selectively genotyped for 172 microsatellite loci covering 25 of the 26 autosomes. QTL mapping was performed for models which assumed that the QTL alleles were either fixed or segregating within each breed, combined with models with only an additive QTL effect fitted or both additive and dominance QTL effects fitted. Overall, QTL significant at the 1% chromosome-wide level were identified for 22 combinations of trait and chromosome. Of particular interest are a region of chromosome 26 with putative QTL for all nine traits and a region of chromosome 2 with putative QTL for three traits. Favorable QTL alleles for disease resistance originated in both the Red Maasai and Dorper breeds, were not always fixed within breed and had significant dominance effects in some cases. We anticipate that this study, in combination with follow-up work and other relevant studies, will help elucidate the biology of disease resistance. C1 [Marshall, K.; Nagda, S.] Int Livestock Res Inst, Nairobi, Kenya. [Mugambi, J. M.] Vet Res Ctr KARI, Kikuyu, Kenya. [Sonstegard, T. S.; Van Tassell, C. P.] ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Gibson, J. P.] CJ Hawkins Homestead Univ New England, Ctr Genet Anal & Applicat, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia. RP Marshall, K (reprint author), Int Livestock Res Inst, POB 30709-00100, Nairobi, Kenya. EM k.marshall@cgiar.org OI Van Tassell, Curtis/0000-0002-8416-2087; Gibson, John/0000-0003-0371-2401 FU USDA Agricultural Research Service [1265-31000-084D] FX This project was supported by the 2004 USAID linkages program and by project 1265-31000-084D (BFGL) from the USDA Agricultural Research Service. We thank Alicia Beavers (USDA, BFGL) for processing of genotyping reactions. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 57 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 24 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0268-9146 EI 1365-2052 J9 ANIM GENET JI Anim. Genet. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 44 IS 3 BP 285 EP 295 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2012.02401.x PG 11 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Genetics & Heredity SC Agriculture; Genetics & Heredity GA 132MJ UT WOS:000318072300006 PM 23051556 ER PT J AU Hodges, EA Johnson, SL Hughes, SO Hopkinson, JM Butte, NF Fisher, JO AF Hodges, Eric A. Johnson, Susan L. Hughes, Sheryl O. Hopkinson, Judy M. Butte, Nancy F. Fisher, Jennifer O. TI Development of the responsiveness to child feeding cues scale SO APPETITE LA English DT Article DE Responsive feeding; Feeding cues; Hunger and fullness; Child appetite ID BODY-MASS INDEX; MATERNAL CONTROL; OBESITY PRONENESS; PARENTING STYLES; APPETITE CONTROL; INFANT; BREAST; OVERWEIGHT; BEHAVIOR; TODDLER AB Parent-child feeding interactions during the first 2 years of life are thought to shape child appetite and obesity risk, but remain poorly studied. This research was designed to develop and assess the Responsiveness to Child Feeding Cues Scale (RCFCS), an observational measure of caregiver responsiveness to child feeding cues relevant to obesity. General responsiveness, during feeding as well as maternal responsiveness to child hunger and fullness were rated during mid-morning feeding occasions by three trained coders using digital-recordings. Initial inter-rater reliability and criterion validity were evaluated in a sample of 144 ethnically-diverse mothers of healthy 7- to 24-month-old children. Maternal self-report of demographics and measurements of maternal/child anthropometrics were obtained. Inter-rater agreement for most variables was excellent (ICC > 0.80). Mothers tended to be more responsive to child hunger than fullness cues (p < 0.001). Feeding responsiveness dimensions were associated with demographics, including maternal education, maternal body mass index, child age, and aspects of child feeding, including breastfeeding duration, and self-feeding. The RCFCS is a reliable observational measure of responsive feeding for children <2 years of age that is relevant to obesity. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hodges, Eric A.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Nursing, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Johnson, Susan L.] Univ Colorado, Dept Pediat, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [Hughes, Sheryl O.; Hopkinson, Judy M.; Butte, Nancy F.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Fisher, Jennifer O.] Temple Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Ctr Obes Res & Educ, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA. RP Fisher, JO (reprint author), Temple Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Ctr Obes Res & Educ, 3223N Broad St,Suite 175, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA. EM jofisher@temple.edu FU National Institute of Health [DK 56350, K01 DK 61319]; US Department of Agriculture National Research Institute [2005-55215-616726]; US Department of Agriculture CRIS Funds; Nestle Infant Nutrition FX Funding: This work was supported by the National Institute of Health (Grant Number DK 56350) (EAH); US Department of Agriculture National Research Institute (Grant Number 2005-55215-616726) (SLJ); US Department of Agriculture CRIS Funds to the USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center Houston TX (JOF; NFB); National Institute of Health (Grant Number K01 DK 61319) (JOF); and Nestle Infant Nutrition (NFB, JOF). NR 74 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 6 U2 29 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0195-6663 J9 APPETITE JI Appetite PD JUN 1 PY 2013 VL 65 BP 210 EP 219 DI 10.1016/j.appet.2013.02.010 PG 10 WC Behavioral Sciences; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Behavioral Sciences; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 133IO UT WOS:000318132300032 PM 23419965 ER PT J AU Huang, XF Santhanam, N Badri, DV Hunter, WJ Manter, DK Decker, SR Vivanco, JM Reardon, KF AF Huang, Xing-Feng Santhanam, Navaneetha Badri, Dayakar V. Hunter, William J. Manter, Daniel K. Decker, Stephen R. Vivanco, Jorge M. Reardon, Kenneth F. TI Isolation and characterization of lignin-degrading bacteria from rainforest soils SO BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE lignin; laccase; cellulosic biofuel; bacteria ID AZOSPIRILLUM-LIPOFERUM; BIOFUELS PRODUCTION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; LACCASE ACTIVITY; DEGRADATION; OXIDASE; PRETREATMENT; BIOMASS; FUNGI; IDENTIFICATION AB The deconstruction of lignin to enhance the release of fermentable sugars from plant cell walls presents a challenge for biofuels production from lignocellulosic biomass. The discovery of novel lignin-degrading enzymes from bacteria could provide advantages over fungal enzymes in terms of their production and relative ease of protein engineering. In this study, 140 bacterial strains isolated from soils of a biodiversity-rich rainforest in Peru were screened based on their oxidative activity on ABTS, a laccase substrate. Strain C6 (Bacillus pumilus) and strain B7 (Bacillus atrophaeus) were selected for their high laccase activity and identified by 16S rDNA analysis. Strains B7 and C6 degraded fragments of Kraft lignin and the lignin model dimer guaiacylglycerol--guaiacyl ether, the most abundant linkage in lignin. Finally, LCMS analysis of incubations of strains B7 and C6 with poplar biomass in rich and minimal media revealed that a higher number of compounds were released in the minimal medium than in the rich one. These findings provide important evidence that bacterial enzymes can degrade and/or modify lignin and contribute to the release of fermentable sugars from lignocellulose. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2013; 110: 16161626. (c) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Huang, Xing-Feng; Santhanam, Navaneetha; Reardon, Kenneth F.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Huang, Xing-Feng; Badri, Dayakar V.; Vivanco, Jorge M.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Hort & Landscape Architecture, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Hunter, William J.; Manter, Daniel K.] ARS, USDA, Soil Plant Nutrient Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Decker, Stephen R.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Biosci Ctr, Golden, CO USA. RP Vivanco, JM (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Hort & Landscape Architecture, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM j.vivanco@colostate.edu; kenneth.reardon@colostate.edu RI Reardon, Kenneth/A-1952-2016 OI Reardon, Kenneth/0000-0002-7753-4049 FU Colorado Center for Biorefining and Biofuels [09-10-PD]; National Renewable Energy Laboratory [XCO-0-40592-01]; Colorado State University FX Contract grant sponsor: Colorado Center for Biorefining and Biofuels; Contract grant number: 09-10-PD; Contract grant sponsor: National Renewable Energy Laboratory; Contract grant number: SC No XCO-0-40592-01; Contract grant sponsor: Donald Dick in the Central Instrument Facility at Colorado State University NR 40 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 4 U2 132 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0006-3592 J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOENG JI Biotechnol. Bioeng. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 110 IS 6 BP 1616 EP 1626 DI 10.1002/bit.24833 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 132ZS UT WOS:000318107800008 PM 23297115 ER PT J AU Brunet, BMT Doucet, D Sturtevant, BR Sperling, FAH AF Brunet, B. M. T. Doucet, D. Sturtevant, B. R. Sperling, F. A. H. TI Characterization of EST-based SSR loci in the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) SO CONSERVATION GENETICS RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE Spruce budworm; Expressed sequence tag; Microsatellite; Simple sequence repeat; Choristoneura fumiferana; Tortricidae ID MICROSATELLITE LOCI; SOFTWARE; FOREST AB After identifying 114 microsatellite loci from Choristoneura fumiferana expressed sequence tags, 87 loci were assayed in a panel of 11 wild-caught individuals, giving 29 polymorphic loci. Further analysis of 20 of these loci on 31 individuals collected from a single population in northern Minnesota identified 14 in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. C1 [Brunet, B. M. T.; Sperling, F. A. H.] Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada. [Doucet, D.] Nat Resources Canada, Great Lakes Forestry Ctr, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada. [Sturtevant, B. R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Northcent Res Stn, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. RP Brunet, BMT (reprint author), Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, 11455 Saskatchewan Dr, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada. EM bbrunet@ualberta.ca OI Brunet, Bryan/0000-0001-5083-9662 FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Genomics Research and Development Initiative Grant (NRCAN); United States Department of Agriculture, Cooperative State Research Education and Extension Service, National Research Initiative Grant [WISR-2005-02815] FX We thank P. Stothard for assistance in post-processing and analysis of ESTs, and P. Beldade and A. Long for the use of their SSR-mining Perl script. This study was funded by a Discovery Grant from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada to F. Sperling, a Genomics Research and Development Initiative Grant (NRCAN) to D. Doucet, and a United States Department of Agriculture, Cooperative State Research Education and Extension Service, National Research Initiative Grant (WISR-2005-02815) to Brian Sturtevant. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1877-7252 J9 CONSERV GENET RESOUR JI Conserv. Genet. Resour. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 5 IS 2 BP 541 EP 544 DI 10.1007/s12686-012-9847-7 PG 4 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity GA 135MU UT WOS:000318293100059 ER PT J AU Zhu, Q Lin, HS Doolittle, JA AF Zhu, Q. Lin, H. S. Doolittle, J. A. TI Functional soil mapping for site-specific soil moisture and crop yield management SO GEODERMA LA English DT Article DE Geophysics; Hydropedology; Electromagnetic induction; Precision agriculture ID ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; ENVIRONMENTAL CORRELATION; AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPE; WATER-CONTENT; FIELD-SCALE; CORN; HILLSLOPE; ACCURACY AB To advance site-specific management, detailed functional (application-orientated) soil maps are desirable. This study presents an example of a functional soil map for the management of crop yields and soil moisture in an agricultural landscape located in central Pennsylvania, USA. A high-intensity soil map was prepared using electromagnetic induction (EMI), terrain attribute, and soil core data. Two soil properties, A horizon texture and depth to clay layer were found to be significantly correlated (p<0.05) with soil moisture and crop yields (corn and soybean). A functional soil map was generated by overlaying these two properties on the high-intensity soil map. Spatial and temporal variations in soil moisture and crop yield within different functional map units were statistically compared with those within different map units on the second-order and the high-intensity soil maps. While soil moisture and crop yield did not show obvious difference among map units of the second-order soil map, clear differences were observed among the functional soil map units developed in this study. This study demonstrates that the accuracy and utility of second-order soil maps for site-specific management can be improved using EMI and functional soil mapping approaches. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhu, Q.] Chinese Acad Sci, State Key Lab Lake Sci & Environm, Nanjing Inst Geog & Limnol, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China. [Zhu, Q.; Lin, H. S.] Penn State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Doolittle, J. A.] USDA NRCS, Natl Soil Survey Ctr, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. RP Zhu, Q (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, State Key Lab Lake Sci & Environm, Nanjing Inst Geog & Limnol, 73 East Beijing Rd, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China. EM qzhu@niglas.ac.cn RI Lin, Henry/E-8234-2011 FU USDA National Research Initiative [2002-35102-12547]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [41271109]; Leading Edge Project of Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences [NIGLAS2011YJ01] FX The data collection of this study was supported by the USDA National Research Initiative (grant no. 2002-35102-12547). The preparation of this paper was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 41271109) and Leading Edge Project of Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (grant no. NIGLAS2011YJ01). NR 48 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 67 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0016-7061 EI 1872-6259 J9 GEODERMA JI Geoderma PD JUN PY 2013 VL 200 BP 45 EP 54 DI 10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.02.001 PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 132GY UT WOS:000318057100006 ER PT J AU Turner, KE Cassida, KA Zajac, AM AF Turner, K. E. Cassida, K. A. Zajac, A. M. TI Weight gains, blood parameters and faecal egg counts when meat-goat kids were finished on alfalfa, red clover and orchardgrass pastures SO GRASS AND FORAGE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE goat; pasture; gain; blood; faecal egg count ID POLYPHENOL OXIDASE ACTIVITY; FORAGE LEGUMES; CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS; PERENNIAL RYEGRASS; GRAZING LAMBS; PERFORMANCE; PROTEIN; SHEEP; PROTEOLYSIS; QUALITY AB The experiment was conducted in 20052007 to evaluate weight performance, blood parameters associated with forage nutrient-use and anaemia from gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) infection, and faecal egg count (FEC) patterns of meat-goat kids finished on alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.; ALF); red clover/grass mixture (Trifolium pratense L.; RCG); and orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L; OGR) pastures. Forage mass, crude protein (CP) and total digestible nutrients (TDN) displayed complex interactions between treatment and time (P<0 center dot 001) across the grazing seasons. Final body weight was greater for goats finished on ALF and RCG than on OGR, except in 2006 when ALF was greater than RCG or OGR. The TDN/CP ratios in forages and blood urea nitrogen concentrations in grazing goats were highly correlated (r=0 center dot 99; P=0 center dot 02) and suggested that animals were wasting forage protein. Faecal egg count was variable over the grazing season each year (date and treatment x date interaction; P<0 center dot 001), but in general, FEC indicated that goat kids grazing ALF were less affected by GIN than kids grazing RCG or OGR. Research is needed to determine whether strategic energy supplementation would improve protein-use efficiency and resilience to parasite infection when finishing meat goats on pastures managed for high forage nutritive value. C1 [Turner, K. E.; Cassida, K. A.] ARS, USDA, Appalachian Farming Syst Res Ctr, Beaver, WV USA. [Zajac, A. M.] Virginia Tech, Virginia Maryland Reg Coll Vet Med, Blacksburg, VA USA. RP Turner, KE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Grazinglands Res Lab, 7207 West Cheyenne St, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. EM Ken.Turner@ars.usda.gov NR 52 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 23 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0142-5242 J9 GRASS FORAGE SCI JI Grass Forage Sci. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 68 IS 2 BP 245 EP 259 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2494.2012.00893.x PG 15 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 132BF UT WOS:000318042000004 ER PT J AU Tabanca, N Wedge, DE Ali, A Khan, IA Kaplancikli, ZA Altintop, MD AF Tabanca, Nurhayat Wedge, David E. Ali, Abbas Khan, Ikhlas A. Kaplancikli, Zafer Asim Altintop, Mehlika Dilek TI Antifungal, mosquito deterrent, and larvicidal activity of N-(benzylidene)-3-cyclohexylpropionic acid hydrazide derivatives SO MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Hydrazone; Fungicide; Plant pathogen; Phomopsis obscurans; Phomopsis viticola; Mosquito control; Aedes aegypti ID FEMALE-ADULTS; INSECTICIDE; DISCOVERY AB Hydrazone derivatives possess good antifungal and insecticidal activities and their structures are used in pesticide design. In the present study, for the first time, ten hydrazone derivatives (1-10) were evaluated for their antifungal activity against Colletotrichum, Botrytis, Fusarium, and Phomopsis species and for their biting deterrent and larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti, the yellow mosquito. The 96-well microbioassay revealed that compounds 3, 5, 7, and 9 showed strong antifungal activity at 30 mu M against Phomopsis obscurans, whereas only two compounds (5 and 9) demonstrated strong antifungal activity against Phomopsis viticola. Compound 5 showed the highest biting deterrent activity against Ae. aegypti when compared with N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide, the positive control at 25 nmol/cm(2). Compound 9 exhibited the highest larvicidal activity in toxicity bioassay with LD50 values of 57.4 and 4.35 ppm and LD90 values of 297.8 and 19.1 ppm, respectively, at 24 and 48 h post treatment. Compounds 5 bearing 4-fluoro substituent on benzene ring and 9 carrying a 4-isopropyl group on the benzene ring were found to be the most active compounds in both bioassays. These results could be useful information for development of new effective fungicides and insecticides in the near future. C1 [Tabanca, Nurhayat; Ali, Abbas; Khan, Ikhlas A.] Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA. [Wedge, David E.] Univ Mississippi, USDA, ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. [Khan, Ikhlas A.] Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharmacognosy, University, MS 38677 USA. [Khan, Ikhlas A.] King Saud Univ, Coll Pharm, Dept Pharmacognosy, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. [Kaplancikli, Zafer Asim; Altintop, Mehlika Dilek] Anadolu Univ, Fac Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut Chem, TR-26470 Eskisehir, Turkey. RP Tabanca, N (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA. EM ntabanca@olemiss.edu; zakaplan@anadolu.edu.tr FU USDA/ARS [56-6402-1-612]; Deployed War-Fighter Protection Research Program; U.S. Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board FX This study was supported in part by USDA/ARS Grant No. 56-6402-1-612 and Deployed War-Fighter Protection Research Program Grant funded by the U.S. Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board. We thank Ms. J. L. Robertson, Ms. R. Pace and Ms. S. R. Weerasooriya for the bioassays and Dr. James J. Becnel, Mosquito and Fly Research Unit, Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology, USDA-ARS, Gainesville, for supplying Ae. aegypti eggs. NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 8 PU SPRINGER BIRKHAUSER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, 6TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1054-2523 J9 MED CHEM RES JI Med. Chem. Res. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 22 IS 6 BP 2602 EP 2609 DI 10.1007/s00044-012-0250-4 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Medicinal SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 131JB UT WOS:000317988100007 ER PT J AU Snyder, A Bo, ZY Moon, R Rochet, JC Stanciu, L AF Snyder, Alexandra Bo, Zhenyu Moon, Robert Rochet, Jean-Christophe Stanciu, Lia TI Reusable photocatalytic titanium dioxide-cellulose nanofiber films SO JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Titanium dioxide; Photocatalysis; Cellulose nanofiber films; Gold; Silver; Reusable ID SILVER NANOPARTICLES; METHYLENE-BLUE; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; TIO2 FILMS; DEGRADATION; NANOCOMPOSITES; REDUCTION; IRRADIATION; SUSPENSIONS; OXIDATION AB Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a well-studied photocatalyst that is known to break down organic molecules upon ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. Cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) act as an attractive matrix material for the suspension of photocatalytic particles due to their desirable mechanical and optical properties. In this work, TiO2 CNF composite films were fabricated and evaluated for photocatalytic activity under UV light and their potential to remove organic compounds from water. Subsequently, gold (Au) and silver (Ag) nanoclusters were formed on the film surfaces using simple reduction techniques. Au and Ag doped TiO2 films showed a wider spectral range for photocatalysis and enhanced mechanical properties. Scanning electron microscopy imaging and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy mapping were used to evaluate changes in microstructure of the films and monitor the dispersion of the TiO2, Au, and Ag particles. The ability of the films to degrade methylene blue (a model organic dye) in simulated sunlight has been demonstrated using UV visible spectroscopy. Reusability and mechanical integrity of the films were also investigated. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Snyder, Alexandra; Bo, Zhenyu; Moon, Robert; Stanciu, Lia] Purdue Univ, Sch Mat Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Moon, Robert] Purdue Univ, Birck Nanotechnol Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Moon, Robert] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. [Rochet, Jean-Christophe] Purdue Univ, Dept Med Chem & Mol Pharmacol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Stanciu, L (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Mat Engn, Neil Armstrong Hall Engn,701 West Stadium Ave, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM lstanciu@purdue.edu FU U.S. Forest Service-Forest Products Laboratory (FPL) FX The authors are grateful for the financial support offered by the U.S. Forest Service-Forest Products Laboratory (FPL). The authors thank Rick Reiner and Alan Rudie of FPL for providing materials. NR 45 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 144 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9797 J9 J COLLOID INTERF SCI JI J. Colloid Interface Sci. PD JUN 1 PY 2013 VL 399 BP 92 EP 98 DI 10.1016/j.jcis.2013.02.035 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 128ZW UT WOS:000317809200013 PM 23534970 ER PT J AU Li, RW Li, CJ Wang, TTY AF Li, Robert W. Li, CongJun Wang, Thomas T. Y. TI Transcriptomic alterations in human prostate cancer cell LNCaP tumor xenograft modulated by dietary phenethyl isothiocyanate SO MOLECULAR CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article DE RNAseq; prostate cancer; prevention; phenethyl isothiocyate; xenograft ID DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION ANALYSIS; NUCLEAR RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN K; SIGNAL-REGULATED KINASES; GENE-EXPRESSION; IN-VITRO; RNA-SEQ; BINDING PROTEIN-3; COA DESATURASE; UNITED-STATES; SNORNA U50 AB Temporal growth of tumor xenografts in mice on a control diet was compared to mice supplemented daily with 3 mu mol/g of the cancer preventive compound phenethyl isothiocyanate. Phenethyl isothiocyanate decreased the rate of tumor growth. The effects of phenethyl isothiocyanate on tumor growth were examined by RNAseq to elucidate molecular changes that may contribute to tumor growth suppression. Bio-informatic analysis of differentially expressed genes identified changes in inflammation and extracellular matrix pathways that were modulated by treatment with phenethyl isothiocyanate. Specific gene expression changes in these pathways included up-regulation of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3, fibronectin, thyroxine degradation enzyme, and down regulation of integrin beta 6. In addition, feeding phenethyl isothiocyanate induced alternative splicing of gene variants. This study represents the first use of RNAseq to analyze tumors from animals consuming dietary phenethyl isothiocyanate and to identify potential molecular signatures that may explain the cancer protective effect of this compound. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Li, Robert W.; Li, CongJun] ARS, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Wang, Thomas T. Y.] Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Wang, TTY (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 307C,Room 132, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. FU [1235-51530-053-00] FX This work was supported by U.S. appropriated funds to USDA project number 1235-51530-053-00. Mentions of trade names or commercial products are solely for the purpose of providing specific information and do not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U. S. Department of Agriculture. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 67 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0899-1987 EI 1098-2744 J9 MOL CARCINOGEN JI Mol. Carcinog. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 52 IS 6 BP 426 EP 437 DI 10.1002/mc.21873 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology GA 131HV UT WOS:000317984500002 PM 22308101 ER PT J AU Lee, ST Cook, D Molyneux, RJ Marcolongo-Pereira, C Stonecipher, CA Gardner, DR AF Lee, Stephen T. Cook, Daniel Molyneux, Russell J. Marcolongo-Pereira, Clairton Stonecipher, Clinton A. Gardner, Dale R. TI The alkaloid profiles of Sophora nuttalliana and Sophora stenophylla SO BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMATICS AND ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Sophora; Sophora stenophylla; Sophora nuttalliana; Quinolizidine alkaloids ID CROOKED CALF DISEASE; LUPINUS-LEUCOPHYLLUS; SWAINSONINE; LOCOWEEDS; SERICEUS; FORMOSUS; MATRINE AB Sophora is a diverse genus in the family Fabaceae, comprised of herbs, shrubs, and trees that occurs throughout the world, primarily in the northern hemisphere. Species of Sophora are known to contain quinolizidine alkaloids that are toxic and potentially teratogenic. Two perennial herbaceous species occur in North America, Sophora stenophylla and Sophora nuttalliana. The quinolizidine alkaloid composition of these two species was investigated throughout their geographical distribution using field collections and herbarium specimens. Both species contain quinolizidine alkaloids, and S. nuttalliana contains the teratogen anagyrine. Lastly, neither species contains the neurotoxin swainsonine as implied by the common name "white loco" for S. nuttalliana. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Lee, Stephen T.; Cook, Daniel; Stonecipher, Clinton A.; Gardner, Dale R.] ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, USDA, Logan, UT 84341 USA. [Molyneux, Russell J.] Univ Hawaii, Coll Pharm, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Marcolongo-Pereira, Clairton] Univ Fed Pelotas, Sch Vet Med, Pelotas, RS, Brazil. RP Lee, ST (reprint author), ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, USDA, 1150 E 1400 N, Logan, UT 84341 USA. EM stephen.lee@ars.usda.gov RI Marcolongo-Pereira, Clairton/G-1567-2014 OI Marcolongo-Pereira, Clairton/0000-0002-5593-3110 FU CAPES [8638-11-0] FX We thank J. Charles Hailes for technical assistance. We appreciate the herbariums at Utah State University and Brigham Young University for providing specimens that were sampled for chemical analysis. Clairton Marcolongo-Pereira was supported by CAPES Scholarship #8638-11-0. NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 22 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0305-1978 EI 1873-2925 J9 BIOCHEM SYST ECOL JI Biochem. Syst. Ecol. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 48 BP 58 EP 64 DI 10.1016/j.bse.2012.11.022 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 124ER UT WOS:000317447100010 ER PT J AU Cook, D Manson, JS Gardner, DR Welch, KD Irwin, RE AF Cook, Daniel Manson, Jessamyn S. Gardner, Dale R. Welch, Kevin D. Irwin, Rebecca E. TI Norditerpene alkaloid concentrations in tissues and floral rewards of larkspurs and impacts on pollinators SO BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMATICS AND ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Larkspur; Delphinium; Norditerpene alkaloids; Plant parts; Pollen; Nectar ID OPTIMAL DEFENSE THEORY; DELPHINIUM-BARBEYI; WILD RADISH; NECTAR; SPP.; OCCIDENTALE; POLLEN; RANUNCULACEAE; BUMBLEBEES; DETERRENCE AB Plant secondary compounds mediate interactions with insects and other animals. The norditerpene alkaloids are significant secondary compounds in Delphinium (larkspur) species which are divided into two classes: the 7, 8-methylenedioxylycoctonine (MDL-type) and N-(methylsuccinimido) anthranoyllycoctonine (MSAL-type), and are known to be toxic to herbivorous insects and livestock. Alkaloid concentrations were measured in a whole plant context in vegetative and floral tissues as well as rewards (pollen and nectar) in Delphinium barbeyi and Delphinium nuttallianum. Alkaloid concentrations differed between vegetative tissues, floral tissues and floral rewards. Alkaloid concentrations in floral parts were consistent with optimal defense theory, with tissues more closely tied to plant fitness, such as fruits, being more heavily defended than foliage. However, alkaloid concentrations were significantly lower in nectar compared to other tissues. The norditerpene alkaloids influenced the activity of bumble bees, the dominant pollinator of larkspur, but the effects were concentration dependent. Alkaloids in nectar are found at concentrations that have no effect on bee activity; however, if alkaloid concentrations in nectar were similar to those in foliage bee activity would be reduced significantly. These results suggest that nectar with low alkaloid concentrations may be beneficial to plant fitness by limiting adverse effects on pollinator activity. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Cook, Daniel; Gardner, Dale R.; Welch, Kevin D.] ARS, USDA, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. [Manson, Jessamyn S.; Irwin, Rebecca E.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Biol, Life Sci Ctr, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Manson, Jessamyn S.; Irwin, Rebecca E.] Rocky Mt Biol Labs, Crested Butte, CO 81224 USA. RP Cook, D (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, 1150 East 1400 North, Logan, UT 84341 USA. EM daniel.cook@ars.usda.gov; rebecca.irwin@dartmouth.edu FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0841862] FX We wish to thank Jessie Roper for technical assistance, and C. Donohar and A. Slominski for help with collecting plants and separating them into tissue types. Field assistance and laboratory access at the Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory were provided by a grant from the National Science Foundation (DEB-0841862). NR 56 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 9 U2 64 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0305-1978 J9 BIOCHEM SYST ECOL JI Biochem. Syst. Ecol. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 48 BP 123 EP 131 DI 10.1016/j.bse.2012.11.015 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 124ER UT WOS:000317447100021 ER PT J AU Colegate, SM Gardner, DR Davis, TZ Welsh, SL Betz, JM Panter, KE AF Colegate, Steven M. Gardner, Dale R. Davis, T. Zane Welsh, Stanley L. Betz, Joseph M. Panter, Kip E. TI Identification of a lycopsamine-N-oxide chemotype of Amsinckia intermedia SO BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMATICS AND ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Dehydropyrrolizidine alkaloids; Amsinckia intermedia; Lycopsamine; N-oxide; HPLC-esiMS ID PYRROLIZIDINE ALKALOIDS; MS C1 [Colegate, Steven M.; Gardner, Dale R.; Davis, T. Zane; Panter, Kip E.] ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, USDA, Logan, UT 84341 USA. [Welsh, Stanley L.] Brigham Young Univ, Stanley L Welsh Herbarium, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Betz, Joseph M.] NIH, Off Dietary Supplements, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Colegate, SM (reprint author), ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, USDA, 1150 East 1400 North, Logan, UT 84341 USA. EM steven.colegate@ars.usda.gov NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0305-1978 J9 BIOCHEM SYST ECOL JI Biochem. Syst. Ecol. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 48 BP 132 EP 135 DI 10.1016/j.bse.2012.11.006 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 124ER UT WOS:000317447100022 ER PT J AU Estell, RE James, DK Fredrickson, EL Anderson, DM AF Estell, Rick E. James, Darren K. Fredrickson, Ed L. Anderson, Dean M. TI Within-plant distribution of volatile compounds on the leaf surface of Flourensia cernua SO BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMATICS AND ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Flourensia cernua; Leaf age; Plant secondary metabolites; Terpenes; Volatiles; Within-plant distribution ID ARTEMISIA-TRIDENTATA; BIG SAGEBRUSH; HERBIVORY; TARBUSH; MONOTERPENES; CHEMISTRY; NEEDLES; BIRCH AB We are using Flourensia cernua as a shrub model to study how terpenes affect livestock herbivory. Two experiments were conducted to examine distribution of volatile chemicals within a plant in an effort to minimize sample variability. In Experiment 1, leaves (current year's growth) were collected from 20 tarbush plants. Two leaders were sampled from each of three positions (outer canopy, subcanopy, and basal) in all four quadrants (based on ordinal direction). In Experiment 2,10 leaders of current year's growth were removed from another 20 plants. Leaders were collected from the outer canopy of each quadrant and separated into thirds before removing leaves, thereby creating three leaf age categories. Volatile compounds were extracted with ethanol and analyzed with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Ninety-four chemicals (including 15 unknowns) were present on the leaf surface of F. cernua. Although 14 and 21 compounds differed (P < 0.05) among quadrants in Experiments 1 and 2, respectively, no consistent quadrant effect was detected in either study. Leaf position differed (P < 0.05) for 52 chemicals in Experiment 1 but outer canopy and subcanopy leaves differed for only 10 compounds. In Experiment 2,63 compounds differed among leaf age categories. Immature leaves contained greater concentrations of 46 chemicals (P < 0.05) than intermediate or mature age categories, but intermediate and mature leaves differed for only seven compounds. Estimated total concentration (i.e., cumulative concentration of all compounds) was not affected by leaf position but varied among leaf age categories (P < 0.05; immature > intermediate > mature). Differences in leaf position were attributed about equally to mono- and sesquiterpenes, whereas leaf age differences were primarily due to sesquiterpenes. Leaf position and age both affect terpene concentration and sampling variability for tarbush. However, little difference was detected between subcanopy and canopy positions. Thus, by avoiding basal sprouts and sampling from the mid-point of current year's,growth, sampling variation should be minimal. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Estell, Rick E.; James, Darren K.; Fredrickson, Ed L.; Anderson, Dean M.] ARS, USDA, NMSU, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Estell, RE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, NMSU, Box 30003, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM restell@nmsu.edu NR 26 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0305-1978 J9 BIOCHEM SYST ECOL JI Biochem. Syst. Ecol. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 48 BP 144 EP 150 DI 10.1016/j.bse.2012.11.020 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 124ER UT WOS:000317447100024 ER PT J AU Thapa, B Cahyanto, I Holland, SM Absher, JD AF Thapa, Brijesh Cahyanto, Ignatius Holland, Stephen M. Absher, James D. TI Wildfires and tourist behaviors in Florida SO TOURISM MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Market segmentation; Risk perception; Risk types; Wildfires; Tourist behaviors; Florida ID WILDERNESS RECREATION; POLITICAL INSTABILITY; DESTINATION CHOICE; RISK; PERCEPTION; MANAGEMENT; FIRE; INTERFACE; DECISIONS; TERRORISM AB The impacts of wildfires on tourism have largely been examined with emphasis on economic losses and recovery strategies. Given the limited research from a demand perspective, this study examined tourist risk perceptions and reactionary behaviors toward wildfires in Florida. Data (N = 771) was collected among a U.S. sample of non-resident overnight leisure travelers that had visited Florida previously. Three clusters were identified with a larger segment in the middle (Conscious Travelers) of the curve, and higher risk (Cautious Travelers) and lower risk (Courageous Travelers) segments at each end. In addition, the segments formulated a pattern with respect to their perceived levels of risk, threat level of wildfires based on risk types, and travel behavior modifications over specific wildfire situations that could influence future travel behaviors in fire prone destinations. This segmentation strategy is useful for Destination Management Organizations as differential marketing messages could be targeted to each segment during crisis situations. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Thapa, Brijesh; Holland, Stephen M.] Univ Florida, Eric Friedheim Tourism Inst, Dept Tourism Recreat & Sport Management, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Thapa, Brijesh] Tshwane Univ Technol, Dept Tourism Management, Pretoria, South Africa. [Cahyanto, Ignatius] Black Hills State Univ, Coll Business & Nat Sci, Spearfish, SD 57799 USA. [Absher, James D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Thapa, B (reprint author), Univ Florida, Eric Friedheim Tourism Inst, Dept Tourism Recreat & Sport Management, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM bthapa@hhp.ufl.edu NR 75 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 42 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-5177 EI 1879-3193 J9 TOURISM MANAGE JI Tourism Manage. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 36 BP 284 EP 292 DI 10.1016/j.tourman.2012.10.011 PG 9 WC Environmental Studies; Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism; Management SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Social Sciences - Other Topics; Business & Economics GA 120ES UT WOS:000317154200033 ER PT J AU Robichaud, PR Lewis, SA Wagenbrenner, JW Ashmun, LE Brown, RE AF Robichaud, Peter R. Lewis, Sarah A. Wagenbrenner, Joseph W. Ashmun, Louise E. Brown, Robert E. TI Post-fire mulching for runoff and erosion mitigation Part I: Effectiveness at reducing hillslope erosion rates SO CATENA LA English DT Article DE Post-fire rehabilitation; Wheat straw mulch; Wood strand mulch; Hydromulch; Seeding; Needle cast ID SOIL-WATER REPELLENCY; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; COLORADO FRONT RANGE; WILDFIRE EROSION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; WILDLAND FIRE; BURN SEVERITY; FOREST-FIRES; STRAW MULCH; MONTANA AB Mulch treatments often are used to mitigate post-fire increases in runoff and erosion rates but the comparative effectiveness of various mulches is not well established. The ability of mulch treatments to reduce sediment yields from natural rainfall and resulting overland flow was measured using hillslope plots on areas burned at high severity following four wildfires in the western United States. Wheat straw mulch, wood strand mulch, and hydromulch were evaluated along with untreated control plots on multiple fires for 4 to 7 years after burning. Needle cast from fire-killed conifer trees was evaluated in an area of moderate burn severity at one fire, and seeding with genetically native seed was tested, with and without hydromulch, at another fire. Rainfall, ground cover, and soil water repellency were measured in each treatment site at all 4 fires. Mean sediment yields on the control plots ranged from 0.3 to 7.5 Mg ha(-1) in the first post-fire year, from 0.03 to 0.6 Mg ha(-1) in the second, and from 0 to 0.4 Mg ha(-1) in the third and fourth post-fire years. Assuming a linear fit between sediment yield and rainfall intensify, storms with equivalent rainfall intensities produced nearly an order of magnitude less sediment on the control plots in the second post-fire year as compared to the first post-fire year. Large storms (at least a 2-year return period, 10-min maximum rainfall intensity) produced sediment on all fires in all years where they occurred; however, sediment yields produced by large storms that occurred in the first post-fire year were larger than the sediment yields from equivalent storms that occurred in later years at the same fire. Sediment yields decreased as ground cover increased and all the mulch treatments increased total ground cover to more than 60% immediately after application. However, the longevity of the mulches varied, so that the contribution of the treatment mulch to total ground cover varied by mulch type over time. The wood strand mulch was the most long-lived of the mulch treatments and was observed in ground cover assessments throughout the study period (4 and 7 years) at two fires. The wheat straw mulch decreased nearly twice as fast as the wood strand mulch, and no hydromulch was detected after the first post-fire year on either fire where it was tested. Mulch treatment effectiveness varied when data were analyzed separately for each fire. Wood strand mulch reduced sediment yields at both fires where it was tested, wheat straw mulch reduced sediment yields at 2 of the 4 fires where it was applied, and the hydromulch tested at 2 fires did not reduce sediment yields on either. When data were normalized and analyzed by treatment across all fires, wood strand mulch reduced sediment yields for the first four post-fire years, but wheat straw mulch and hydromulch did not significantly reduce sediment yields in any post-fire year. The greater variability in the combined data resulted in fewer statistically significant treatment effects being observed as compared to the individual fire analyses. We believe the fire-specific results provide the more accurate representation of potential post-fire mulch treatment effectiveness. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Robichaud, Peter R.; Lewis, Sarah A.; Wagenbrenner, Joseph W.; Ashmun, Louise E.; Brown, Robert E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. RP Robichaud, PR (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 1221 S Main St, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. EM probichaud@fs.fed.us RI Wagenbrenner, Joseph/A-6404-2014 FU US Department of Agriculture-Forest Service; US Department of Interior Joint Fire Sciences Program; Pike-San Isabel National Forest; Idaho Panhandle National Forest; Boise National Forest; Umatilla National Forest FX This study was funded in part by the US Department of Agriculture-Forest Service and US Department of Interior Joint Fire Sciences Program. Funding and field support were also provided by the Pike-San Isabel National Forest, Idaho Panhandle National Forest, Boise National Forest, and Umatilla National Forest. We thank the hard-working field crews who helped with data collection and the technical staff from the Rocky Mountain Research Station who assisted with data preparation and analyses. We greatly appreciate the statistical review provided by David Turner, Rocky Mountain Research Station, and the thoughtful comments of Bruce Sims, Jason Williams, and David Young as well as two anonymous reviewers that significantly improved this manuscript. NR 92 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 9 U2 99 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0341-8162 J9 CATENA JI Catena PD JUN PY 2013 VL 105 BP 75 EP 92 DI 10.1016/j.catena.2012.11.015 PG 18 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Geology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 111QU UT WOS:000316536600009 ER PT J AU Robichaud, PR Wagenbrenner, JW Lewis, SA Ashmun, LE Brown, RE Wohlgemuth, PM AF Robichaud, Peter R. Wagenbrenner, Joseph W. Lewis, Sarah A. Ashmun, Louise E. Brown, Robert E. Wohlgemuth, Peter M. TI Post-fire mulching for runoff and erosion mitigation Part II: Effectiveness in reducing runoff and sediment yields from small catchments SO CATENA LA English DT Article DE Straw mulch; Hydromulch; Post-fire recovery; Treatment effectiveness ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; COLORADO FRONT RANGE; NEW-MEXICO; FIRE; WILDFIRE; USA; LANDSCAPES; WATERSHEDS; RAINFALL; SCALE AB Agricultural straw, hydromulch, and wood shred or wood strand mulches increasingly are being used as post-fire hillslope treatments, but the differences in effectiveness among these mulch treatments are not fully understood. Following the 2002 Hayman fire in central Colorado and the 2003 Cedar fire in southern California, matched catchments were monitored for five to seven post-fire years to determine the effectiveness of wheat straw mulch (Hayman fire only) and hydromulch in reducing post-fire runoff, peak flow rates, and sediment yields from natural rainfall. Measured runoff and sediment yields were caused by short duration high intensity summer storms at the Hayman fire and long duration winter rains at the Cedar fire. The wheat straw mulch treatment significantly reduced peak flow rates and sediment yields at the Hayman fire. The annual peak flow rates in the first two post-fire years in the straw mulch catchment were 4.5 and 3.9 m(3) s(-1) km(-2) (respectively) as compared to 4.3 and 7.1 m(3) s(-1) km(-2) (respectively) in the control. In post-fire years one and two, the maximum event sediment yields in the straw mulch catchment were 7.2 and 10 Mg ha(-1), respectively, which were less than half of the maximum event sediment yields in the control catchment (19 and 24 Mg ha(-1), respectively). The straw mulch catchment had no detectable runoff or sediment yield after the second post-fire year, but the control catchment continued to have measurable runoff and sediment yields through the seventh post-fire year. The straw mulch treatment effect in runoff reduction was not Significant in the statistical model. Total ground cover was 80% immediately after the application of straw mulch, and decreased to 10% by the end of first post-fire year, yet total ground cover values remained high as litter and vegetation, including invasive cheatgrass, increased. The hydromulch cover at both fires declined rapidly and provided less than 10% of the ground cover within 2.5 months after application at which point the catchment was presumed to be untreated. Due to differences in precipitation, the three catchments at the Cedar fire had significantly different hydrologic responses during the presumed untreated portion of the study, which precluded evaluation of treatment effectiveness during the short treated period. The peak flow responses from the hydromulch and control catchments at the Hayman fire were also different during the presumed untreated period and were not tested. Although the runoff and sediment yields did not differ during the presumed untreated period and were tested for treatment effects, the Hayman hydromulch treatment did not significantly affect either response during the first post-fire year the presumed treated period. Unit-area sediment yields from the catchments were similar to those measured on hillslope plots at both the Hayman and Cedar fires in the first post-fire years, but in later years the sediment yields from the catchments were at least double the sediment yields measured on hillslope plots. The longer periods of greater erosion rates in the catchments likely reflect the addition of channel erosion processes and a difference in hydrologic connectivity at the catchment scale. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Robichaud, Peter R.; Wagenbrenner, Joseph W.; Lewis, Sarah A.; Ashmun, Louise E.; Brown, Robert E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Wohlgemuth, Peter M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Robichaud, PR (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 1221S Main St, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. EM probichaud@fs.fed.us RI Wagenbrenner, Joseph/A-6404-2014 FU US Department of Interior; US Department of Agriculture Joint Fire Sciences Program [07-2-2-10]; Pike-San Isabel National Forest FX This study was funded in part by the US Department of Interior and US Department of Agriculture Joint Fire Sciences Program (project 07-2-2-10) and the Pike-San Isabel National Forest. We also wish to thank the Viejas Indian tribe for their permission to conduct this study on their lands. We recognize Ken Kanaan (deceased) and Dana Butler from the Pike-San Isabel National Forest for their logistical support at the Hayman fire; Jan Beyers for conducting the ground cover measurements at the Cedar fire; and Sierra Larson for assistance with the data and figure preparation. Many people assisted in the field and the laboratory, including crews from the Rocky Mountain Research Station, the Pacific Southwest Research Station, the Pike-San Isabel National Forest, Colorado State University, and the USDA Forest Service Region 2 office; thank you for your perseverance in moving countless buckets of sediment We greatly appreciate the thoughtful comments of Bruce Sims and Jason Williams as well as two anonymous reviewers that significantly improved this manuscript NR 52 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 6 U2 49 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0341-8162 J9 CATENA JI Catena PD JUN PY 2013 VL 105 BP 93 EP 111 DI 10.1016/j.catena.2012.11.016 PG 19 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Geology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 111QU UT WOS:000316536600010 ER PT J AU Chmielewski, RA Beck, JR Juneja, VK Swayne, DE AF Chmielewski, Revis A. Beck, Joan R. Juneja, Vijay K. Swayne, David E. TI Inactivation of low pathogenicity notifiable avian influenza virus and lentogenic Newcastle disease virus following pasteurization in liquid egg products SO LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Avian influenza virus; Poultry; Egg products; Newcastle disease virus; Thermal inactivation ID THERMAL INACTIVATION; SALMONELLA; MEAT AB Four million cases (38,623 metric tons) of liquid egg products are exported from the U.S. annually. The presence of low pathogenic notifiable avian influenza (LPNAI) within a country has resulted in restrictions on trade of egg products. Because liquid egg products are normally pasteurized, this study was performed to see if the standard Salmonella pasteurization parameters used as a food safety measure would be effective at inactivating 5 log(10) tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50/ml) of LPNAI A/chicken/New York/13142/94 (H7N2) (LPNAI/NY/94) and another common poultry vaccine virus, lentogenic Newcastle disease virus A/chicken/United States/B1/1948 (INDV/B1/48) in four egg products. Survival curves were generated to determine D and z values, and the log reduction due to the lethality process. The thermal inactivation of LPNAI/NY/94 and lNDV/B1/48 in sugared (10%), fortified, plain, and salted egg yolk (10%) resulted in D60-63.3 values of less than 1 min, and z ranging from 5.4 to 21.7 degrees C. The log reduction due to the lethality processes ranged from 5.2D to 48D. The data demonstrated that LPNAI virus and lNDV would not survive the standard Salmonella pasteurization processes for liquid egg products. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Chmielewski, Revis A.; Beck, Joan R.; Swayne, David E.] USDA ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Res Unit, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Juneja, Vijay K.] USDA ARS, Residue Chem & Predict Microbiol Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Swayne, DE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Res Unit, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM David.Swayne@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 96 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0023-6438 EI 1096-1127 J9 LWT-FOOD SCI TECHNOL JI LWT-Food Sci. Technol. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 52 IS 1 BP 27 EP 30 DI 10.1016/j.lwt.2013.01.002 PG 4 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 111EI UT WOS:000316503700004 ER PT J AU Serbin, G Hunt, ER Daughtry, CST McCarty, GW AF Serbin, Guy Hunt, E. Raymond, Jr. Daughtry, Craig S. T. McCarty, Gregory W. TI Assessment of spectral indices for cover estimation of senescent vegetation SO REMOTE SENSING LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CROP RESIDUE COVER; REFLECTANCE AB Quantification of dry plant matter (crop residue, senesced foliage, non-photosynthetic vegetation, or plant litter) surface cover (f R) is important for assessing agricultural tillage practices, carbon sequestration, rangeland health, or brush fire hazards. The Cellulose Absorption Index (CAI) and the Shortwave Infrared Normalized Difference Residue Index (SINDRI) are two spectral indices that can remotely estimate f R. CAI and SINDRI utilize three and two spectral bands, respectively, so SINDRI is expected to be less expensive to implement in future satellite sensors. We assessed the contrast of CAI and SINDRI with respect to soil reflectance spectra. Estimating f R with CAI is possible for all soils. However, a number of soil samples had positive SINDRI values due to various soil minerals, such as gibbsite and antigorite, which would be interpreted as high f R, and could limit its usefulness in some areas. Therefore, SINDRI is less applicable for estimating f R, even with reduced implementation costs. C1 [Serbin, Guy] InuTeq LLC, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Hunt, E. Raymond, Jr.; Daughtry, Craig S. T.; McCarty, Gregory W.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Serbin, G (reprint author), InuTeq LLC, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM guy.serbin@gmail.com NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 45 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 2150-704X J9 REMOTE SENS LETT JI Remote Sens. Lett. PD JUN 1 PY 2013 VL 4 IS 6 BP 552 EP 560 DI 10.1080/2150704X.2013.767479 PG 9 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 105QO UT WOS:000316087000004 ER PT J AU Pridgeon, JW Klesius, PH AF Pridgeon, Julia W. Klesius, Phillip H. TI Development of live attenuated Streptococcus agalactiae as potential vaccines by selecting for resistance to sparfloxacin (Retracted article. See vol. 34, pg. 4642, 2016) SO VACCINE LA English DT Article; Retracted Publication DE Streptococcus agalactiae; Sparfloxacin; Resistance; Attenuation; Vaccine ID TILAPIA OREOCHROMIS-NILOTICUS; EDWARDSIELLA-ICTALURI VACCINE; GROUP-B STREPTOCOCCUS; CHANNEL CATFISH; AEROMONAS-HYDROPHILA; PFGE GENOTYPE; NOVOBIOCIN; INFECTION; EFFICACY; FISH AB To develop attenuated bacteria as potential live vaccines, sparfloxacin was used in this study to modify 40 isolates of Streptococcus agalactiae. Majority of S. agalactiae used in this study were able to develop at least 80-fold resistance to sparfloxacin. When the virulence of the sparfloxacin-resistant S. agalactiae isolates were tested in 10-12 g Nile tilapia by intraperitoneal injection at dose of 2 x 10(7) CPU/fish, 31 were found to be avirulent to fish. Of the 31 avirulent sparfloxacin-resistant S. agalactiae isolates, 30 provided 75-100% protection to 10-12 g Nile tilapia against challenges with a virulent S. agalactiae isolate Sag 50. When the virulence of the 30 sparfloxacin-resistant S. agalactiae isolates was tested in 3-5 g Nile tilapia by intraperitoneal injection at dose of 2 x 10(7) CPU/fish, six were found to be avirulent to 3-5 g Nile tilapia. Of the six avirulent sparfloxacin-resistant S. agalactiae isolates, four provided 3-5 g Nile tilapia 100% protection against challenges with homologous isolates, including Sag 97-spar isolate that was non-hemolytic. However, Sag 97-spar failed to provide broad cross-protection against challenges with heterologous isolates. When Nile tilapia was vaccinated with a polyvalent vaccine consisting of 30 sparfloxacin-resistant S. agalactiae isolates at dose of 2 x 10(6) CFU/fish, the polyvalent vaccine provided significant (P<0.001) protection to both 3-5 g and 15-20 g Nile tilapia against challenges with 30 parent isolates of S. agalactiae. Taken together, our results suggest that a polyvalent vaccine consisting of various strains of S. agalactiae might be essential to provide broader protection to Nile tilapia against infections caused by S. agalactiae. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Pridgeon, Julia W.; Klesius, Phillip H.] USDA ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. RP Pridgeon, JW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, 990 Wire Rd, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM Julia.Pridgeon@ars.usda.gov FU USDA/ARS CRIS project [6420-32000-024-00D] FX We thank Drs. Dunhua Zhang (USDA-ARS) and Mediha Aksoy (Tuskegee University) for critical reviews of the manuscript. We thank Beth Peterman (USDA-ARS) for her excellent technical support. We also thank the management team of the Aquatic Animal Health Research Unit for daily care and management of the fish. This study was supported by the USDA/ARS CRIS project #6420-32000-024-00D. The use of trade, firm, or corporate names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture or the Agricultural Research Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. NR 26 TC 12 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAY 31 PY 2013 VL 31 IS 24 BP 2705 EP 2712 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.03.066 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 167MB UT WOS:000320635000009 PM 23583891 ER PT J AU Mosse, KPM Lee, J Leachman, BT Parikh, SJ Cavagnaro, TR Patti, AF Steenwerth, KL AF Mosse, Kim P. M. Lee, Jungmin Leachman, Benjamin T. Parikh, Sanjai J. Cavagnaro, Timothy R. Patti, Antonio F. Steenwerth, Kerri L. TI Irrigation of an established vineyard with winery cleaning agent solution (simulated winery wastewater): Vine growth, berry quality, and soil chemistry SO AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Shiraz; Vitis vinifera. L.; Saline effluent; Syrah; Wastewater reuse; Winery effluent ID GRAPEVINE ROOTSTOCKS VITIS; SODIUM-CALCIUM EXCHANGE; SAR-ESP RELATIONSHIP; NA-CA EXCHANGE; CABERNET-SAUVIGNON; POTASSIUM FERTILIZATION; SOULTANINA GRAPEVINES; PETIOLE COMPOSITION; SEWAGE EFFLUENT; RECYCLED WATER AB The ability to use winery wastewater (WW) for irrigation purposes could be a beneficial to the wine industry. A major difficulty in studying WW use is its inconsistent availability and composition. As such, we applied four simulated WWs composed of salts from two main industrial cleaning agents, and a control to 12-year-old 'Syrah' (clone 99, 3309C rootstock; Vitis riparia x V. rupestris). Briefly, the treatments simulated wineries utilising a sodium (Na) based cleaner; a potassium (K) based cleaner; a K based cleaner coupled with higher water use efficiency, resulting in a higher K concentration; and a combination of elevated K levels with the presence of wine, to consider the potential synergistic/antagonistic effects of the salts and organic matter. Soil salt concentrations increased consistently with the nature of the treatment applied, with K and Na treatments causing increased soil K and Na, respectively. Analysis of salt accumulation at various depths indicated that Na was more mobile in soils; however, the addition of wine to irrigation water enhanced K transport to the subsurface. Petiole concentrations of K and Na were approximately three-fold and nine-fold greater in the K and Na treatments than control. Attributes related to berry and juice quality differed among treatments at both veraison (juice K and anthocyanin concentrations) and harvest (juice Na, juice K, total phenolics, berry weight, and harvest weights), although the majority of these were slight, and therefore unlikely to have significant impact on wine quality. Based on the data collected, occasional irrigation with these simulated WWs appears to have had minimal impact on established vines. Nonetheless, there is potential for greater impacts to occur over longer time periods due to the perennial nature of grapevines and accumulation of salts in the soil. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Mosse, Kim P. M.; Patti, Antonio F.] Monash Univ, Sch Appl Sci & Engn, Churchill, Vic 3842, Australia. [Mosse, Kim P. M.; Patti, Antonio F.] Monash Univ, Ctr Green Chem, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Mosse, Kim P. M.; Cavagnaro, Timothy R.] Monash Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Mosse, Kim P. M.; Cavagnaro, Timothy R.] Monash Univ, Australian Ctr Biodivers, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Lee, Jungmin] ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Unit worksite, Parma, ID 83660 USA. [Leachman, Benjamin T.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Viticulture & Enol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Parikh, Sanjai J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Steenwerth, Kerri L.] ARS, USDA, Crops Pathol & Genet Res Unit, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Steenwerth, KL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crops Pathol & Genet Res Unit, 595 Hilgard Ln, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM kerri.steenwerth@ars.usda.gov RI Parikh, Sanjai /F-3476-2011; Lee, Jungmin/G-6555-2013; OI Parikh, Sanjai /0000-0002-5260-0417; Lee, Jungmin/0000-0002-8660-9444; Cavagnaro, Timothy/0000-0002-9922-5677 FU Australian grape growers and winemakers investment body; Grape and Wine Research and Development Corporation; Australian Government; Cooperative Research Centre for Irrigation Futures; United States Fulbright Postgraduate Scholarship; Monash Research Accelerator Scheme; Kearney Foundation of Soil Science [2009.011]; USDA-Agricultural Research Service (ARS) CRIS [5306-21220-004-00D, 5358-21000-041-00D] FX This project was financially supported by Australian grape growers and winemakers investment body, the Grape and Wine Research and Development Corporation, Australian Government, the Cooperative Research Centre for Irrigation Futures, United States Fulbright Postgraduate Scholarship, Monash Research Accelerator Scheme, the Kearney Foundation of Soil Science (number 2009.011), and USDA-Agricultural Research Service (ARS) CRIS # 5306-21220-004-00D, and # 5358-21000-041-00D. The authors wish to thank Dr. Stuart Pettygrove (UC Davis) and Ms. Maya Buelow (UC Davis) for valuable discussions and field assistance in this study, and Constellation Wines U.S. for their generous donation of the wine used in this study. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 73 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 55 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3774 J9 AGR WATER MANAGE JI Agric. Water Manage. PD MAY 31 PY 2013 VL 123 BP 93 EP 102 DI 10.1016/j.agwat.2013.02.008 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Water Resources GA 148LF UT WOS:000319245400010 ER PT J AU O'Mahony, J Clarke, L Whelan, M O'Kennedy, R Lehotay, SJ Danaher, M AF O'Mahony, John Clarke, Lesa Whelan, Michelle O'Kennedy, Richard Lehotay, Steven J. Danaher, Martin TI The use of ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometric detection in the analysis of agrochemical residues and mycotoxins in food - Challenges and applications SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Review DE Mass spectrometry (MS); Ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography; (UHPLC); Veterinary drug residue analysis; Matrix effects; Frictional heating ID VETERINARY DRUG RESIDUES; BAND-BROADENING CONTRIBUTIONS; UHPLC-MS/MS METHOD; ELECTROSPRAY-IONIZATION; HIGH-THROUGHPUT; BOVINE MUSCLE; ANTIBIOTIC-RESIDUES; MULTICLASS ANALYSIS; MULTIRESIDUE METHOD; GROWTH PROMOTERS AB In the field of food contaminant analysis, the most significant development of recent years has been the integration of ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography (UHPLC), coupled to tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry (MS/MS), into analytical applications. In this review, we describe the emergence of UHPLC through technological advances. The implications of this new chromatographic technology for MS detection are discussed, as well as some of the remaining challenges in exploiting it for chemical residue applications. Finally, a comprehensive overview of published applications of UHPLC MS in food contaminant analysis is presented, with a particular focus on veterinary drug residues. (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [O'Mahony, John; Clarke, Lesa; Whelan, Michelle; Danaher, Martin] Teagasc Food Res Ctr, Food Safety Dept, Dublin 15, Ireland. [Clarke, Lesa; O'Kennedy, Richard] Dublin City Univ, Sch Biotechnol, Dublin 9, Ireland. [Clarke, Lesa; O'Kennedy, Richard] Dublin City Univ, Natl Ctr Sensor Res, Dublin 9, Ireland. [Lehotay, Steven J.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Danaher, M (reprint author), Teagasc Food Res Ctr, Food Safety Dept, Dublin 15, Ireland. EM martin.danaher@teagasc.ie RI Danaher, Martin/M-3605-2013 OI Danaher, Martin/0000-0003-4060-0441 FU Food for Health Research Initiative (FHRI); Irish Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine; Health Research Board [7FHRI-AFRC5] FX This work was funded by the Food for Health Research Initiative (FHRI) administered by the Irish Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine and the Health Research Board (Contract 7FHRI-AFRC5). NR 108 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 5 U2 86 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD MAY 31 PY 2013 VL 1292 SI SI BP 83 EP 95 DI 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.01.007 PG 13 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 148ID UT WOS:000319237100008 PM 23352828 ER PT J AU Prager, KC Greig, DJ Alt, DP Galloway, RL Hornsby, RL Palmer, LJ Soper, J Wu, QZ Zuerner, RL Gulland, FMD Lloyd-Smith, JO AF Prager, K. C. Greig, Denise J. Alt, David P. Galloway, Renee L. Hornsby, Richard L. Palmer, Lauren J. Soper, Jennifer Wu, Qingzhong Zuerner, Richard L. Gulland, Frances M. D. Lloyd-Smith, James O. TI Asymptomatic and chronic carriage of Leptospira interrogans serovar Pomona in California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) SO VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Sea lion; Leptospira; Disease ecology; Persistence; Asymptomatic/subclinical carrier; Maintenance host ID IDENTIFICATION; INFECTION AB Since 1970, periodic outbreaks of leptospirosis, caused by pathogenic spirochetes in the genus Leptospira, have caused morbidity and mortality of California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) along the Pacific coast of North America. Yearly seasonal epizootics of varying magnitude occur between the months of July and December, with major epizootics occurring every 3-5 years. Genetic and serological data suggest that Leptospira interrogans serovar Pomona is the infecting serovar and is enzootic in the California sea lion population, although the mechanism of persistence is unknown. We report asymptomatic carriage of Leptospira in 39% (33/85) of wild, free-ranging sea lions sampled during the epizootic season, and asymptomatic seroconversion with chronic asymptomatic carriage in a rehabilitated sea lion. This is the first report of asymptomatic carriage in wild, free-ranging California sea lions and the first example of seroconversion and asymptomatic chronic carriage in a sea lion. Detection of asymptomatic chronic carriage of Leptospira in California sea lions, a species known to suffer significant disease and mortality from the same Leptospira strain, goes against widely-held notions regarding leptospirosis in accidental versus maintenance host species. Further, chronic carriage could provide a mechanism for persistent circulation of Leptospira in the California sea lion population, particularly if these animals shed infectious leptospires for months to years. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Prager, K. C.; Lloyd-Smith, James O.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Prager, K. C.; Lloyd-Smith, James O.] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Prager, K. C.; Greig, Denise J.; Soper, Jennifer; Gulland, Frances M. D.] Marine Mammal Ctr, Sausalito, CA 94965 USA. [Alt, David P.; Hornsby, Richard L.; Zuerner, Richard L.] Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Infect Bacterial Dis Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Galloway, Renee L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Palmer, Lauren J.] Marine Mammal Care Ctr, San Pedro, CA 90731 USA. [Wu, Qingzhong] Natl Ocean Serv, Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC 29412 USA. [Zuerner, Richard L.] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Biomed Sci & Vet Publ Hlth, S-75007 Uppsala, Sweden. RP Prager, KC (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, 610 Charles E Young Dr South,Box 723905, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM kcprager@ucla.edu RI Lloyd-Smith, James/K-4080-2012 OI Lloyd-Smith, James/0000-0001-7941-502X FU John H. Prescott Marine Mammal Rescue Assistance Grant Program; Hellman Family Foundation; De Logi Chair in Biological Sciences FX We would like to thank the volunteers and staff from TMMC and MMCC/FM who helped in sample collection from stranded and wild-caught sea lions. We would also like to thank the John H. Prescott Marine Mammal Rescue Assistance Grant Program, the Hellman Family Foundation and the De Logi Chair in Biological Sciences for their financial support. This work was performed in part at the University of California Natural Reserve System Ano Nuevo Island Reserve. We would like to thank Ano Nuevo State Park rangers for their logistical support. NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1135 J9 VET MICROBIOL JI Vet. Microbiol. PD MAY 31 PY 2013 VL 164 IS 1-2 BP 177 EP 183 DI 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.01.032 PG 7 WC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA 133IF UT WOS:000318131400023 PM 23419822 ER PT J AU Hector, RE Dien, BS Cotta, MA Mertens, JA AF Hector, Ronald E. Dien, Bruce S. Cotta, Michael A. Mertens, Jeffrey A. TI Growth and fermentation of D-xylose by Saccharomyces cerevisiae expressing a novel D-xylose isomerase originating from the bacterium Prevotella ruminicola TC2-24 SO BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS LA English DT Article DE Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Prevotella ruminicola; Bacteroides; D-xylose isomerase; Ethanol; Lignocellulose ID PENTOSE-PHOSPHATE PATHWAY; ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; BACTEROIDES RUMINICOLA; XYLITOL DEHYDROGENASE; FUNCTIONAL EXPRESSION; COENZYME PREFERENCE; PICHIA-STIPITIS; REDUCTASE; METABOLISM; STRAINS AB Background: Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains expressing D-xylose isomerase ( XI) produce some of the highest reported ethanol yields from D-xylose. Unfortunately, most bacterial XIs that have been expressed in S. cerevisiae are either not functional, require additional strain modification, or have low affinity for D-xylose. This study analyzed several XIs from rumen and intestinal microorganisms to identify enzymes with improved properties for engineering S. cerevisiae for D-xylose fermentation. Results: Four XIs originating from rumen and intestinal bacteria were isolated and expressed in a S. cerevisiae CEN. PK2-1C parental strain primed for D-xylose metabolism by over expression of its native D-xylulokinase. Three of the XIs were functional in S. cerevisiae, based on the strain's ability to grow in D-xylose medium. The most promising strain, expressing the XI mined from Prevotella ruminicola TC2-24, was further adapted for aerobic and fermentative growth by serial transfers of D-xylose cultures under aerobic, and followed by microaerobic conditions. The evolved strain had a specific growth rate of 0.23 h(-1) on D-xylose medium, which is comparable to the best reported results for analogous S. cerevisiae strains including those expressing the Piromyces sp. E2 XI. When used to ferment D-xylose, the adapted strain produced 13.6 g/L ethanol in 91 h with a metabolic yield of 83% of theoretical. From analysis of the P. ruminicola XI, it was determined the enzyme possessed a V-max of 0.81 mu mole/min/mg protein and a K-m of 34 mM. Conclusion: This study identifies a new xylose isomerase from the rumen bacterium Prevotella ruminicola TC2-24 that has one of the highest affinities and specific activities compared to other bacterial and fungal D-xylose isomerases expressed in yeast. When expressed in S. cerevisiae and used to ferment D-xylose, very high ethanol yield was obtained. This new XI should be a promising resource for constructing other D-xylose fermenting strains, including industrial yeast genetic backgrounds. C1 [Hector, Ronald E.; Dien, Bruce S.; Cotta, Michael A.; Mertens, Jeffrey A.] USDA, Bioenergy Res Unit, ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Hector, RE (reprint author), USDA, Bioenergy Res Unit, ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM ronald.hector@ars.usda.gov OI Cotta, Michael/0000-0003-4565-7754; Dien, Bruce/0000-0003-3863-6664 NR 40 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 30 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1754-6834 J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOFUELS JI Biotechnol. Biofuels PD MAY 30 PY 2013 VL 6 AR 84 DI 10.1186/1754-6834-6-84 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 158PA UT WOS:000319983300001 PM 23721368 ER PT J AU Campbell, JL Ager, AA AF Campbell, John L. Ager, Alan A. TI Forest wildfire, fuel reduction treatments, and landscape carbon stocks: A sensitivity analysis SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Fuel treatment; Wildfire; Carbon; Landscape simulation modeling; Sensitivity analysis ID FIRE SEVERITY; WESTERN US; SOIL C; STORAGE; WASHINGTON; SIMULATION; EMISSIONS; OREGON; RISK AB Fuel reduction treatments prescribed in fire-suppressed forests of western North America pose an apparent paradox with respect to terrestrial carbon management. Such treatments have the immediate effect of reducing forest carbon stocks but likely reduce future carbon losses through the combustion and mortality caused by high-severity wildfires. Assessing the long-term impact of fuel treatment on the carbon balance of fire-prone forests has been difficult because of uncertainties regarding treatment and wildfire impacts on any given landscape. In this study we attempt to remove some of the confusion surrounding this subject by performing a sensitivity analysis wherein long-term, landscape-wide carbon stocks are simulated under a wide range of treatment efficacy, treatment lifespan, fire impacts, forest recovery rates, forest decay rates, and the longevity of wood products. Our results indicate a surprising insensitivity of long-term carbon stocks to both management and biological variables. After 80 years, a 1600% change in either forest growth or decomposition resulted in only a 40% change in total system carbon, and a 1600% change in either treatment application rate or efficacy in arresting fire spread resulted in only a 10% change in total system carbon. This insensitivity of long-term carbon stocks is due in part by the infrequency of treatment-wildfire interaction and in part by the controls imposed by maximum forest biomass. None of the fuel treatment simulation scenarios resulted in increased system carbon. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Campbell, John L.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Ager, Alan A.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Western Wildland Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, Prineville, OR 97754 USA. RP Campbell, JL (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM john.campbell@oregonstate.edu OI Campbell, John/0000-0003-4956-1696 NR 29 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 46 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD MAY 30 PY 2013 VL 121 BP 124 EP 132 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.02.009 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 136UH UT WOS:000318388400014 PM 23538125 ER PT J AU Hockett, B Creger, C Smith, B Young, C Carter, J Dillingham, E Crews, R Pellegrini, E AF Hockett, Bryan Creger, Cliff Smith, Beth Young, Craig Carter, James Dillingham, Eric Crews, Rachel Pellegrini, Evan TI Large-scale trapping features from the Great Basin, USA: The significance of leadership and communal gatherings in ancient foraging societies SO QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID WESTERN USA; PLAINS; MIDDLE; BISON AB In the Great Basin, large-scale trapping features designed to capture multiple artiodactyls include fences or drive lines and corrals with associated wings. More than 100 of these features are known in the Great Basin. An experimental project confirms that these features must have been built through group effort. The marked concentration of large-scale trapping features in western and eastern Nevada may be explained by ecological factors such as the presence of migrating herds of ungulates, nearby toolstone sources, pinyon nuts, and water. The proliferation of large-scale trapping feature planning and construction beginning ca. 5000 to 6000 years ago is supported by studies of trap-associated projectile points and rock art. Initial construction of traps may have been sparked by human population increases that created new challenges and encouraged the development of new sociological and ecological adaptations. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd and INQUA. All rights reserved. C1 [Hockett, Bryan] Bur Land Management, Nevada State Off, Reno, NV 89502 USA. [Creger, Cliff; Smith, Beth] Nevada Dept Transportat, Carson City, NV 89712 USA. [Young, Craig] Far Western Anthropol Res Grp, Carson City, NV 89706 USA. [Carter, James; Crews, Rachel] Bur Land Management, Carson City, NV 89701 USA. [Dillingham, Eric] US Forest Serv, Bridgeport, CA 93517 USA. [Pellegrini, Evan] Univ Nevada, Dept Anthropol, Reno, NV 89557 USA. RP Hockett, B (reprint author), Bur Land Management, Nevada State Off, 1340 Financial Blvd, Reno, NV 89502 USA. EM paleohawk@gmail.com NR 61 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1040-6182 J9 QUATERN INT JI Quat. Int. PD MAY 29 PY 2013 VL 297 BP 64 EP 78 DI 10.1016/j.quaint.2012.12.027 PG 15 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 154XZ UT WOS:000319711300007 ER PT J AU Yang, CH Everitt, JH Fletcher, RS AF Yang, Chenghai Everitt, James H. Fletcher, Reginald S. TI Evaluating airborne hyperspectral imagery for mapping saltcedar infestations in west Texas SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE airborne hyperspectral imagery; saltcedar; minimum noise fraction; mixture tuned matched filtering; support vector machine; change detection ID ELONGATA-DESERTICOLA COLEOPTERA; TAMARISK TAMARIX-CHINENSIS; ASIAN LEAF BEETLE; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; UNITED-STATES; INVASIVE TAMARIX; CHRYSOMELIDAE; SPP.; CLASSIFICATION; TRANSFORMATION AB The Rio Grande River of west Texas contains by far the largest infestation of saltcedar (Tamarix spp.) in Texas. The objective of this study was to evaluate airborne hyperspectral imagery and different classification techniques for mapping saltcedar infestations. Hyperspectral imagery with 102 usable bands covering a spectral range of 475 to 845 nm was acquired from two sites along the Rio Grande in west Texas in December 2003 and 2004 when saltcedar was undergoing color change. The imagery was transformed using minimum noise fraction and then classified using six classifiers: minimum distance, Mahalanobis distance, maximum likelihood, spectral angle mapper, mixture tuned matched filtering, and support vector machine (SVM). Accuracy assessment showed that overall accuracy varied from 71% to 86% in 2003 and from 80% to 90% in 2004 for site 1 and from 60% to 76% in 2003 and from 77% to 91% in 2004 for site 2. The SVM classifier produced the highest overall accuracy, as well as the best user's and producer's accuracies for saltcedar among the six classifiers. The imagery taken in early December 2004 provided better classification results than that in mid-December 2003. Change detection analysis based on the classification maps quantified the class changes between the two years. These results indicate that airborne hyperspectral imagery incorporated with image transformation and classification techniques can be a useful tool for mapping saltcedar infestations. (C) 2013 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) C1 [Yang, Chenghai] USDA ARS, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Everitt, James H.] USDA ARS, Weslaco, TX 78599 USA. [Fletcher, Reginald S.] USDA ARS, Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Yang, CH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, 2771 F & B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM chenghai.yang@ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 25 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 1931-3195 J9 J APPL REMOTE SENS JI J. Appl. Remote Sens. PD MAY 29 PY 2013 VL 7 AR 073556 DI 10.1117/1.JRS.7.073556 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 152UH UT WOS:000319556300005 ER PT J AU Mays, AR Looper, ML Williamson, BC Coffey, KP Coblentz, WK Aiken, GE Rosenkrans, CF AF Mays, Angela R. Looper, Michael L. Williamson, Benjamin C. Coffey, Kenneth P. Coblentz, Wayne K. Aiken, Glen E. Rosenkrans, Charles F., Jr. TI Forage and breed effects on behavior and temperament of pregnant beef heifers SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cattle; Endophyte-infected tall fescue; Grazing behavior; Prolactin; Temperament ID INFECTED TALL FESCUE; GRAZING COMMON BERMUDAGRASS; ENDOCRINE FACTORS; ENDOPHYTE TOXINS; MILK-PRODUCTION; HEAT-STRESS; GROWTH-RATE; COWS; BRAHMAN; STEERS AB Background: Integration of behavioral observations with traditional selection schemes may lead to enhanced animal well-being and more profitable forage-based cattle production systems. Brahman-influenced (BR; n = 64) and Gelbvieh x Angus (GA; n = 64) heifers consumed either toxic endophyte-infected tall fescue (E+) or one of two nontoxic endophyte-infected tall fescue (NT) cultivars during two yr. Heifers were weighed at midpoint and termination of grazing. Grazing behavior (grazing, resting in the shade, lying, or standing without grazing) was recorded (n = 13 visual observations per yr in June and July) for each pasture. During yr 2, exit velocity (EV) and serum prolactin (PRL) were determined. Results: Grazing behavior was influenced (P < 0.05) by an interaction between fescue cultivar and breed type. Gelbvieh x Angus heifers assigned to E+ pastures had the lowest percentage of animals grazing and the largest percentage of animals resting in the shade. Brahman-influenced heifers had faster EV (P < 0.001) than GA heifers (0.52 vs. 0.74 +/- 0.04 s/m, respectively). Body weight (BW) was affected (P < 0.01) by an interaction of tall fescue cultivar and d, and an interaction of tall fescue cultivar and breed type. Heifers grazing NT pastures were heavier (P < 0.01) than heifers grazing E+ pastures at midpoint and termination. Gelbvieh x Angus heifers grazing NT pastures were heavier (P < 0.01) than GA and BR heifers grazing E+ and BR heifers grazing NT pastures. An interaction of forage cultivar and breed type occurred on serum PRL (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Collectively fescue cultivar, EV, and concentrations of serum PRL were associated with grazing behavior. Heifers grazing NT pastures were observed to be grazing more than heifers assigned to E+ pastures, regardless of breed type, which may have contributed to changes in BW and average daily gain (ADG) in heifers. Integration of behavioral observations along with traditional selection schemes may lead to enhanced animal well-being and more profitable forage-based cattle production systems. C1 [Mays, Angela R.; Looper, Michael L.; Williamson, Benjamin C.; Coffey, Kenneth P.; Rosenkrans, Charles F., Jr.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Anim Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Coblentz, Wayne K.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. [Aiken, Glen E.] USDA ARS, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Williamson, Benjamin C.] Morehead State Univ, Dept Agr Sci, Morehead, KY 40351 USA. RP Rosenkrans, CF (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Anim Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM crosenkr@uark.edu NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1674-9782 J9 J ANIM SCI BIOTECHNO JI J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol. PD MAY 28 PY 2013 VL 4 AR 20 DI 10.1186/2049-1891-4-20 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AD3XA UT WOS:000333178600001 PM 23710543 ER PT J AU Cruz, VMV Kilian, A Dierig, DA AF Cruz, Von Mark V. Kilian, Andrzej Dierig, David A. TI Development of DArT Marker Platforms and Genetic Diversity Assessment of the US Collection of the New Oilseed Crop Lesquerella and Related Species SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ARRAYS TECHNOLOGY DART; FENDLERI GERMPLASM; DESERT MUSTARD; PHYSARIA BRASSICACEAE; POPULATION-GENETICS; CLUSTER-ANALYSIS; SEED BANK; REGISTRATION; PLANT; L. AB The advantages of using molecular markers in modern genebanks are well documented. They are commonly used to understand the distribution of genetic diversity in populations and among species which is crucial for efficient management and effective utilization of germplasm collections. We describe the development of two types of DArT molecular marker platforms for the new oilseed crop lesquerella (Physaria spp.), a member of the Brassicaceae family, to characterize a collection in the National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS) with relatively little known in regards to the genetic diversity and traits. The two types of platforms were developed using a subset of the germplasm conserved ex situ consisting of 87 Physaria and 2 Paysonia accessions. The microarray DArT revealed a total of 2,833 polymorphic markers with an average genotype call rate of 98.4% and a scoring reproducibility of 99.7%. On the other hand, the DArTseq platform developed for SNP and DArT markers from short sequence reads showed a total of 27,748 high quality markers. Cluster analysis and principal coordinate analysis indicated that the different accessions were successfully classified by both systems based on species, by geographical source, and breeding status. In the germplasm set analyzed, which represented more than 80% of the P. fendleri collection, we observed that a substantial amount of variation exists in the species collection. These markers will be valuable in germplasm management studies and lesquerella breeding, and augment the microsatellite markers previously developed on the taxa. C1 [Cruz, Von Mark V.; Dierig, David A.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. [Kilian, Andrzej] Div Arrays Technol Pty Ltd, Yarralumla, ACT, Australia. [Cruz, Von Mark V.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Mgt, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Dierig, DA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. EM david.dierig@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) - Agricultural Research Service [5402-21000-007-00]; NPGS Plant Exploration/Exchange Program FX Funding for the study was provided by U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) - Agricultural Research Service Project No. 5402-21000-007-00. The acquisition of new germplasm in 2010 was supported by the NPGS Plant Exploration/Exchange Program. No additional external funding was received or used for this study. USDA determines the research priorities of all research that it funds. Publication of research is subject to review of USDA officials. Specific study design, data collection, data analysis, and preparation of the manuscript is under the control of the individual researchers. NR 69 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 36 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 28 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 5 AR UNSP e64062 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0064062 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 155FM UT WOS:000319733000038 PM 23724020 ER PT J AU Rodriguez-Rubio, L Martinez, B Rodriguez, A Donovan, DM Gotz, F Garcia, P AF Rodriguez-Rubio, Lorena Martinez, Beatriz Rodriguez, Ana Donovan, David M. Goetz, Friedrich Garcia, Pilar TI The Phage Lytic Proteins from the Staphylococcus aureus Bacteriophage vB_SauS-phiIPLA88 Display Multiple Active Catalytic Domains and Do Not Trigger Staphylococcal Resistance SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; CELL-WALL; BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; ENDOLYSIN RELIES; HYDROLASE; LYSIS; CYSTEINE; SYNERGY; ENZYMES; HYDH5 AB The increase in antibiotic resistance world-wide revitalized the interest in the use of phage lysins to combat pathogenic bacteria. In this work, we analyzed the specific cleavage sites on the staphylococcal peptidoglycan produced by three phage lytic proteins. The investigated cell wall lytic enzymes were the endolysin LysH5 derived from the S. aureus bacteriophage vB_SauS-phi-IPLA88 (phi-IPLA88) and two fusion proteins between lysostaphin and the virion-associated peptidoglycan hydrolase HydH5 (HydH5SH3b and HydH5Lyso). We determined that all catalytic domains present in these proteins were active. Additionally, we tested for the emergence of resistant Staphylococcus aureus to any of the three phage lytic proteins constructs. Resistant S. aureus could not be identified after 10 cycles of bacterial exposure to phage lytic proteins either in liquid or plate cultures. However, a quick increase in lysostaphin resistance (up to 1000-fold in liquid culture) was observed. The lack of resistant development supports the use of phage lytic proteins as future therapeutics to treat staphylococcal infections. C1 [Rodriguez-Rubio, Lorena; Martinez, Beatriz; Rodriguez, Ana; Garcia, Pilar] CSIC, Inst Prod Lacteos Asturias, Dept Technol & Biotechnol Dairy Prod, DairySafe Grp, Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain. [Donovan, David M.] ARS, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr,USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Goetz, Friedrich] Univ Tubingen, Interfac Inst Microbiol & Infect Med, Tubingen, Germany. RP Garcia, P (reprint author), CSIC, Inst Prod Lacteos Asturias, Dept Technol & Biotechnol Dairy Prod, DairySafe Grp, Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain. EM pgarcia@ipla.csic.es RI Garcia, Pilar/H-2544-2012; Rodriguez, Ana/H-4846-2012; Martinez, Beatriz/H-2953-2012; Rodriguez-Rubio, Lorena/D-2888-2017 OI Garcia, Pilar/0000-0003-1213-8165; Rodriguez, Ana/0000-0002-1577-9905; Martinez, Beatriz/0000-0001-7692-1963; Rodriguez-Rubio, Lorena/0000-0002-7846-4791 FU Ministry of Science and Innovation, Spain [AGL2009-13144-C02-01]; Science, Technology and Innovation Programme, Principado de Asturias, Spain [IB08-052]; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Spain [PIE200970I090]; bacteriophage network FAGOMA; National Institutes of Health [1RO1AI075077-01A1]; National Research Initiative [2007-35204-18395]; United States State Department funds; German Research Foundation [SFB766] FX This research study was supported by grants AGL2009-13144-C02-01 (Ministry of Science and Innovation, Spain), IB08-052 (Science, Technology and Innovation Programme, Principado de Asturias, Spain), PIE200970I090 (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Spain) and bacteriophage network FAGOMA; National Institutes of Health, grant 1RO1AI075077-01A1 (DMD), National Research Initiative grant 2007-35204-18395 (DMD) and United States State Department funds (DMD); German Research Foundation, SFB766. LR-R is a fellow of the Science, Technology and Innovation Programme (Principado de Asturias, Spain). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 29 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 18 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 28 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 5 AR e64671 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0064671 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 155FM UT WOS:000319733000077 PM 23724076 ER PT J AU Zhu, JJ Arzt, J Puckette, MC Smoliga, GR Pacheco, JM Rodriguez, LL AF Zhu, James J. Arzt, Jonathan Puckette, Michael C. Smoliga, George R. Pacheco, Juan M. Rodriguez, Luis L. TI Mechanisms of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Tropism Inferred from Differential Tissue Gene Expression SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PLASMINOGEN-ACTIVATOR RECEPTOR; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; INTEGRIN ALPHA(V)BETA(3); EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; MESSENGER-RNA; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; WILD-TYPE; IN-VITRO; PATHOGENESIS; INFECTION AB Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) targets specific tissues for primary infection, secondary high-titer replication (e. g. foot and mouth where it causes typical vesicular lesions) and long-term persistence at some primary replication sites. Although integrin alpha V beta 6 receptor has been identified as primary FMDV receptors in animals, their tissue distribution alone fails to explain these highly selective tropism-driven events. Thus, other molecular mechanisms must play roles in determining this tissue specificity. We hypothesized that differences in certain biological activities due to differential gene expression determine FMDV tropism and applied whole genome gene expression profiling to identify genes differentially expressed between FMDV-targeted and non-targeted tissues in terms of supporting primary infection, secondary replication including vesicular lesions, and persistence. Using statistical and bioinformatic tools to analyze the differential gene expression, we identified mechanisms that could explain FMDV tissue tropism based on its association with differential expression of integrin alpha V beta 6 heterodimeric receptor (FMDV receptor), fibronectin (ligand of the receptor), IL-1 cytokines, death receptors and the ligands, and multiple genes in the biological pathways involved in extracellular matrix turnover and interferon signaling found in this study. Our results together with reported findings indicate that differences in (1) FMDV receptor availability and accessibility, (2) type I interferon-inducible immune response, and (3) ability to clear virus infected cells via death receptor signaling play roles in determining FMDV tissue tropism and the additional increase of high extracellular matrix turnover induced by FMDV infection, likely via triggering the signaling of highly expressed IL-1 cytokines, play a key role in the pathogenesis of vesicular lesions. C1 [Zhu, James J.; Arzt, Jonathan; Puckette, Michael C.; Smoliga, George R.; Pacheco, Juan M.; Rodriguez, Luis L.] USDA, Plum Isl Anim Dis Res Ctr, Agr Res Unit, Foreign Anim Dis Res Unit, Orient Point, NY USA. RP Zhu, JJ (reprint author), USDA, Plum Isl Anim Dis Res Ctr, Agr Res Unit, Foreign Anim Dis Res Unit, Orient Point, NY USA. EM james.zhu@ars.usda.gov; luis.rodriguez@ars.usda.gov OI Pacheco, Juan/0000-0001-5477-0201; Arzt, Jonathan/0000-0002-7517-7893 FU USDA-ARS project [1940-32000-057-00D] FX This work was funded by USDA-ARS project 1940-32000-057-00D. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 61 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 8 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 28 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 5 AR e64119 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0064119 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 155FM UT WOS:000319733000041 PM 23724025 ER PT J AU Garcia, M Volkening, J Riblet, S Spatz, S AF Garcia, Maricarmen Volkening, Jeremy Riblet, Sylva Spatz, Stephen TI Genomic sequence analysis of the United States infectious laryngotracheitis vaccine strains chicken embryo origin (CEO) and tissue culture origin (TCO) SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Infectious laryngotracheitis; Gallid herpesvirus1; Vaccine; Sequencing; Virulence; Attenuated; CEO; TCO ID HERPES-SIMPLEX-VIRUS; FRAGMENT-LENGTH-POLYMORPHISM; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; MAREKS-DISEASE VIRUS; RESTRICTION-ENDONUCLEASE ANALYSIS; LIVE ATTENUATED VACCINES; OPEN READING FRAMES; GLYCOPROTEIN-B; RIBONUCLEOTIDE REDUCTASE; CELL-CULTURE AB The genomic sequences of low and high passages of the United States infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) vaccine strains CEO and TCO were determined using hybrid next generation sequencing in order to define genomic changes associated with attenuation and reversion to virulence. Phylogenetic analysis of available full genomes grouped strains into three major clades: TCO, CEO, and Australian. Comparative genomics revealed that TCO attenuation is likely the result of an ORF C truncation. Genes involved in attenuation are generally clade-specific, however four genes ORF C, U(L)27, U(L)28 and U(L)39 commonly contained various mutations across the CEO and TCO lineages. The Thr644 mutation in the U(L)27 gene encoding glycoprotein B was identified in all virulent US strains. The U(S)10 gene was identified as a potential virulence factor for the TCO revertant 81658. The U(L)41 gene was responsible for the robust gain in virulence of CEO-Fowl Laryngotracheitis (R) after 20 passages in chickens. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Garcia, Maricarmen; Riblet, Sylva] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Poultry Diagnost & Res Ctr, Athens, GA USA. [Volkening, Jeremy] BASE2BIO, Madison, WI 53714 USA. [Spatz, Stephen] ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Spatz, S (reprint author), ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM mcgarcia@uga.edu; jeremy@base2bio.com; sriblet@uga.edu; Stephen.Spatz@ars.usda.gov OI Volkening, Jeremy/0000-0002-8892-7155 NR 80 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD MAY 25 PY 2013 VL 440 IS 1 BP 64 EP 74 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2013.02.007 PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA 135CA UT WOS:000318262400007 PM 23537957 ER PT J AU Frye, JG Jackson, CR AF Frye, Jonathan G. Jackson, Charlene R. TI Genetic mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance identified in Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli, and Enteroccocus spp. isolated from US food animals SO FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE antimicrobial; resistant; multidrug-resistance; animals; foodborne; Salmonella; E. coli; Enterococcus ID SPECTRUM BETA-LACTAMASES; MEDIATED QUINOLONE RESISTANCE; SEROVAR TYPHIMURIUM DT104; MACROLIDE-LINCOSAMIDE-STREPTOGRAMIN; LEVEL GENTAMICIN RESISTANCE; ENTEROCOCCUS-FAECIUM; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; UNITED-STATES; MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT; VETERINARY-MEDICINE AB The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AR) in bacteria isolated from U.S. food animals has increased over the last several decades as have concerns of AR foodborne zoonotic human infections. Resistance mechanisms identified in U.S. animal isolates of Salmonella enterica included resistance to aminoglycosides (e g., alleles of aacC, aadA, aadB, ant, aphA, and StrAB), beta-lactams (e.g., bla(CMY-2), (TEM-1), (PSE-1)), chloramphenicol (e.g., floR, cm/A, cat7, cat2), folate pathway inhibitors (e g., alleles of su/ and dfr), and tetracycline [e.g., alleles of tet(A), (B), (C), (D), (G), and tetRI. In the U.S., multi-drug resistance (MDR) mechanisms in Salmonella animal isolates were associated with integrons, or mobile genetic elements (MGEs) such as IncA/C plasmids which can be transferred among bacteria. It is thought that AR Salmonella originates in food animals and is transmitted through food to humans. However, some AR Salmonella isolated from humans in the U.S. have different AR elements than those isolated from food animals, suggesting a different etiology for some AR human infections. The AR mechanisms identified in isolates from outside the U.S. are also predominantly different. For example the extended spectrum Hactamases (ESBLs) are found in human and animal isolates globally; however, in the U.S., ESBLs thus far have only been found in human and not food animal isolates. Commensal bacteria in animals including Escherichia col/ and Enterococcus spp. may be reservoirs for AR mechanisms. Many of the AR genes and MGEs found in E. coif isolated from U.S. animals are similar to those found in Salmonella. Enterococcus spp. isolated from animals frequently carry MGEs with AR genes, including resistances to aminoglycosides (e g., alleles of aac, ant, and aph), macrolides [e.g., erm(A), erm(B), and rnsrC], and tetracyclines [e.g., tet(K), (L), (M), (0), (5)1. Continuing investigations are required to help understand and mitigate the impact of AR bacteria on human and animal health. C1 [Frye, Jonathan G.; Jackson, Charlene R.] ARS, Bacterial Epidemiol & Antimicrobial Resistance Re, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Frye, JG (reprint author), ARS, Bacterial Epidemiol & Antimicrobial Resistance Re, USDA, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM jonathan.frye@ars.usda.gov RI Frye, Jonathan/I-6382-2013 OI Frye, Jonathan/0000-0002-8500-3395 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [6612-32000-006-00] FX The authors would like to thank Mark Englen for helpful discussions on the topics of this review. Funding provided by U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, project number: 6612-32000-006-00. Note: The mention of trade names or commercial products in this manuscript is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 287 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 4 U2 53 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-302X J9 FRONT MICROBIOL JI Front. Microbiol. PD MAY 23 PY 2013 VL 4 AR 135 DI 10.3389/fmicb.2013.00135 PG 22 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AA5GM UT WOS:000331124100001 PM 23734150 ER PT J AU Zhang, MQ Powell, CA Guo, Y Benyon, L Duan, YP AF Zhang, Muqing Powell, Charles A. Guo, Ying Benyon, Lesley Duan, Yongping TI Characterization of the microbial community structure in Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus-infected citrus plants treated with antibiotics in the field SO BMC MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MICROARRAY; DIVERSITY; MOLECULES; BACTERIA; DISEASE AB Background: Huanglongbing (HLB) is a worldwide devastating disease of citrus. There are no effective control measures for this newly emerging but century-old disease. Previously, we reported a combination of Penicillin G and Streptomycin was effective in eliminating or suppressing the associated bacterium, 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' (Las). Results: Here we report the bacterial composition and community structure in HLB-affected citrus plants during a growing season and while being treated with antibiotic combinations PS (Penicillin G and Streptomycin) and KO (Kasugamycin and Oxytetracycline) using the Phylochip (TM) G3 array. Both antibiotic treatments resulted in significantly lower Las bacterial titers (Pr<0.05) and hybridization scores. Of the 50,000+ available operational taxonomic units (OTUs) on PhyloChip (TM) G3, 7,028 known OTUs were present in citrus leaf midribs. These OTUs were from 58 phyla, of which five contained 100 or more OTUs, Proteobacteria (44.1%), Firmicutes (23.5%), Actinobacteria (12.4%), Bacteroidetes (6.6%) and Cyanobacteria (3.2%). In the antibiotic treated samples, the number of OTUs decreased to a total of 5,599. The over-all bacterial diversity decreased with the antibiotic treatments, as did the abundance of 11 OTUs within Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Planctomycetes. Within the Proteobacteria, ten OTUs representing the class gamma-proteobacteria increased in abundance after four months of treatment, when the Las bacterium was at its lowest level in the HLB-affected citrus field plants. Conclusions: Our data revealed that Proteobacteria was constantly the dominant bacterial phylum recovered from citrus leaf midribs, with the alpha-proteobacterial and the gamma-proteobacterial classes vying for prevalence. In addition, the level of bacterial diversity found in the leaf midribs of field citrus was greater than previously described. Bacterial cells in close proximity may be able to modify their microenvironment, making the composition of the microbial community an important factor in the ability of Las to cause HLB progression. A low Las level was seen as an annual fluctuation, part of the bacterial population dynamics, and as a response to the antibiotic treatments. C1 [Zhang, Muqing; Powell, Charles A.; Guo, Ying] IFAS UF, Indian River Res & Educ Ctr, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Zhang, Muqing; Benyon, Lesley; Duan, Yongping] USDA ARS, US Hort Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Zhang, Muqing] Guangxi Univ, State Key Lab Conservat & Utilizat Subtrop Agrobi, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, Peoples R China. RP Duan, YP (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Hort Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM yongping.duan@ars.usda.gov FU Florida Citrus Advanced Technology Program from Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services [161, 162]; Specialty Crop Block Grant from Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services [018023] FX This work was supported by the Florida Citrus Advanced Technology Program awards 161 and 162 and the Specialty Crop Block Grant 018023 from the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services. Ms. C. Latza and Mr. G. Brock are greatly appreciated for their excellent technical assistance in the research. NR 36 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 35 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2180 J9 BMC MICROBIOL JI BMC Microbiol. PD MAY 23 PY 2013 VL 13 AR 112 DI 10.1186/1471-2180-13-112 PG 10 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 157RE UT WOS:000319916000001 PM 23701743 ER PT J AU Duval, BD Dijkstra, P Drake, BG Johnson, DW Ketterer, ME Megonigal, JP Hungate, BA AF Duval, Benjamin D. Dijkstra, Paul Drake, Bert G. Johnson, Dale W. Ketterer, Michael E. Megonigal, J. Patrick Hungate, Bruce A. TI Element Pool Changes within a Scrub-Oak Ecosystem after 11 Years of Exposure to Elevated CO2 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ROTATION POPLAR PLANTATION; PROGRESSIVE NITROGEN LIMITATION; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; SOIL CARBON; PHOSPHORUS-AVAILABILITY; ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS; N-FERTILIZATION; ENRICHMENT; FOREST; RESPONSES AB The effects of elevated CO2 on ecosystem element stocks are equivocal, in part because cumulative effects of CO2 on element pools are difficult to detect. We conducted a complete above and belowground inventory of non-nitrogen macro- and micronutrient stocks in a subtropical woodland exposed to twice-ambient CO2 concentrations for 11 years. We analyzed a suite of nutrient elements and metals important for nutrient cycling in soils to a depth of similar to 2 m, in leaves and stems of the dominant oaks, in fine and coarse roots, and in litter. In conjunction with large biomass stimulation, elevated CO2 increased oak stem stocks of Na, Mg, P, K, V, Zn and Mo, and the aboveground pool of K and S. Elevated CO2 increased root pools of most elements, except Zn. CO2-stimulation of plant Ca was larger than the decline in the extractable Ca pool in soils, whereas for other elements, increased plant uptake matched the decline in the extractable pool in soil. We conclude that elevated CO2 caused a net transfer of a subset of nutrients from soil to plants, suggesting that ecosystems with a positive plant growth response under high CO2 will likely cause mobilization of elements from soil pools to plant biomass. C1 [Duval, Benjamin D.; Dijkstra, Paul; Hungate, Bruce A.] No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Duval, Benjamin D.; Dijkstra, Paul; Hungate, Bruce A.] No Arizona Univ, Merriam Powell Ctr Environm Res, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Drake, Bert G.; Megonigal, J. Patrick] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Johnson, Dale W.] Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Ketterer, Michael E.] No Arizona Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. RP Duval, BD (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM Benjamin.Duval@ars.usda.gov FU NSF [DEB-0092642, DEB-0543218] FX Research was funded by NSF grants DEB-0092642 and DEB-0543218. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 41 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 56 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 23 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 5 AR e64386 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0064386 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 151BM UT WOS:000319435600063 PM 23717607 ER PT J AU Maree, FF Blignaut, B de Beer, TAP Rieder, E AF Maree, Francois F. Blignaut, Belinda de Beer, Tjaart A. P. Rieder, Elizabeth TI Analysis of SAT Type Foot-And-Mouth Disease Virus Capsid Proteins and the Identification of Putative Amino Acid Residues Affecting Virus Stability SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID SPHERICAL VIRUS; FMD VACCINES; INTEGRIN; SPECIFICITY; RECEPTOR; ALPHA(V)BETA(3); NEUTRALIZATION; ANTIGENICITY; RECOGNITION; ADHESION AB Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) initiates infection by adhering to integrin receptors on target cells, followed by cell entry and disassembly of the virion through acidification within endosomes. Mild heating of the virions also leads to irreversible dissociation into pentamers, a characteristic linked to reduced vaccine efficacy. In this study, the structural stability of intra-and inter-serotype chimeric SAT2 and SAT3 virus particles to various conditions including low pH, mild temperatures or high ionic strength, was compared. Our results demonstrated that while both the SAT2 and SAT3 infectious capsids displayed different sensitivities in a series of low pH buffers, their stability profiles were comparable at high temperatures or high ionic strength conditions. Recombinant vSAT2 and intra-serotype chimeric viruses were used to map the amino acid differences in the capsid proteins of viruses with disparate low pH stabilities. Four His residues at the inter-pentamer interface were identified that change protonation states at pH 6.0. Of these, the H145 of VP3 appears to be involved in interactions with A141 in VP3 and K63 in VP2, and may be involved in orientating H142 of VP3 for interaction at the inter-pentamer interfaces. C1 [Maree, Francois F.; Blignaut, Belinda] Agr Res Council, Onderstepoort Vet Inst, Transboundary Anim Dis Programme, Pretoria, South Africa. [Maree, Francois F.] Univ Pretoria, Fac Vet Sci, Dept Vet Trop Dis, ZA-0110 Onderstepoort, South Africa. [Blignaut, Belinda] Univ Pretoria, Dept Microbiol & Plant Pathol, Fac Agr & Nat Sci, ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa. [de Beer, Tjaart A. P.] Univ Pretoria, Bioinformat & Computat Biol Unit, ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa. [de Beer, Tjaart A. P.] European Bioinformat Inst, Cambridge, England. [Rieder, Elizabeth] ARS, Foreign Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Greenport, NY USA. RP Maree, FF (reprint author), Agr Res Council, Onderstepoort Vet Inst, Transboundary Anim Dis Programme, Pretoria, South Africa. EM mareef@arc.agric.za OI de Beer, Tjaart/0000-0001-5966-6091 FU Agricultural Research Council; Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute of South Africa; United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service; Red meat Research and Development trust of SA; MSD Animal Health; [58-3K95-M-894] FX Research findings documented in this manuscript are in part the result of a cooperative research and development agreement between the Agricultural Research Council, Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute of South Africa and the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, entitled, "Genetic engineering of antigenically stable strains of foot-and-mouth disease virus for vaccine production'', agreement number 58-3K95-M-894. Additional financial support was received from the Red meat Research and Development trust of SA and MSD Animal Health (previously Intervet/Schering Plough), The Netherlands. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, or preparation of the manuscript. The funders were consulted in regards to the publication of the results and approved the manuscript for publication. NR 58 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 22 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 5 AR UNSP e61612 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0061612 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 163UP UT WOS:000320362700002 PM 23717387 ER PT J AU Pauli, BP McCann, NP Zollner, PA Cummings, R Gilbert, JH Gustafson, EJ AF Pauli, Benjamin P. McCann, Nicholas P. Zollner, Patrick A. Cummings, Robert Gilbert, Jonathan H. Gustafson, Eric J. TI SEARCH: Spatially Explicit Animal Response to Composition of Habitat SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID WHITE-FOOTED MICE; BEHAVIORAL LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY; LEVEL PERCEPTUAL ABILITIES; ELK CERVUS-ELAPHUS; PREDATION RISK; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; TAMIAS-STRIATUS; HETEROGENEOUS LANDSCAPES; DISPERSAL MOVEMENTS; NORTHERN WISCONSIN AB Complex decisions dramatically affect animal dispersal and space use. Dispersing individuals respond to a combination of fine-scale environmental stimuli and internal attributes. Individual-based modeling offers a valuable approach for the investigation of such interactions because it combines the heterogeneity of animal behaviors with spatial detail. Most individual-based models (IBMs), however, vastly oversimplify animal behavior and such behavioral minimalism diminishes the value of these models. We present program SEARCH (Spatially Explicit Animal Response to Composition of Habitat), a spatially explicit, individual-based, population model of animal dispersal through realistic landscapes. SEARCH uses values in Geographic Information System (GIS) maps to apply rules that animals follow during dispersal, thus allowing virtual animals to respond to fine-scale features of the landscape and maintain a detailed memory of areas sensed during movement. SEARCH also incorporates temporally dynamic landscapes so that the environment to which virtual animals respond can change during the course of a simulation. Animals in SEARCH are behaviorally dynamic and able to respond to stimuli based upon their individual experiences. Therefore, SEARCH is able to model behavioral traits of dispersing animals at fine scales and with many dynamic aspects. Such added complexity allows investigation of unique ecological questions. To illustrate SEARCH's capabilities, we simulated case studies using three mammals. We examined the impact of seasonally variable food resources on the weight distribution of dispersing raccoons (Procyon lotor), the effect of temporally dynamic mortality pressure in combination with various levels of behavioral responsiveness in eastern chipmunks (Tamias striatus), and the impact of behavioral plasticity and home range selection on disperser mortality and weight change in virtual American martens (Martes americana). These simulations highlight the relevance of SEARCH for a variety of applications and illustrate benefits it can provide for conservation planning. C1 [Pauli, Benjamin P.; McCann, Nicholas P.; Zollner, Patrick A.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [McCann, Nicholas P.] Minnesota Zoo, Apple Valley, MN USA. [Cummings, Robert] Rancho Deluxe Consulting, Stevens Point, WI USA. [Gilbert, Jonathan H.] Great Lakes Indian Fish & Wildlife Commiss, Odanah, WI USA. [Gustafson, Eric J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Rhinelander, WI USA. RP Pauli, BP (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM bpauli@purdue.edu RI Zollner, Patrick/A-8727-2010 OI Zollner, Patrick/0000-0001-8263-7029 FU Purdue University; USFS Chief's Award [USFS RJVA 06-JV-11231300-0361] FX Funding was provided by Purdue University and a USFS Chief's Award given to Pat Zollner via USFS RJVA 06-JV-11231300-0361. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 117 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 8 U2 88 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 22 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 5 AR e64656 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0064656 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 163UP UT WOS:000320362700165 PM 23717647 ER PT J AU Armbrust, K Burns, M Crossan, AN Fischhoff, DA Hammond, LE Johnston, JJ Kennedy, I Rose, MT Seiber, JN Solomon, K AF Armbrust, Kevin Burns, Mitchell Crossan, Angus N. Fischhoff, David A. Hammond, Larry E. Johnston, John J. Kennedy, Ivan Rose, Michael T. Seiber, James N. Solomon, Keith TI Perspectives on Communicating Risks of Chemicals SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE risk assessment; risk communication; risk management; biomonitoring; runoff; ecotoxicology; biotechnology; petroleum; organoarsenical; fumigants; endosulfan; persistent organic pollutants (POPs); diuron; 2,4-D; polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) ID GREAT-BARRIER-REEF; SURFACE WATERS; EXPOSURE; ENVIRONMENT; PESTICIDES AB The Agrochemicals Division symposium "Perfecting Communication of Chemical Risk", held at the 244th National Meeting and Exposition of the American Chemical Society in Philadelphia, PA, August 19-23, 2012, is summarized. The symposium, organized by James Seiber, Kevin Armbrust, John Johnston, Ivan Kennedy, Thomas Potter, and Keith Solomon, included discussion of better techniques for communicating risks, lessons from past experiences, and case studies, together with proposals to improve these techniques and their communication to the public as effective information. The case studies included risks of agricultural biotechnology, an organoarsenical (Roxarsone) in animal feed, petroleum spill-derived contamination of seafood, role of biomonitoring and other exposure assessment techniques, soil fumigants, implications of listing endosulfan as a persistant organic pollutant (POP), and diuron herbicide in runoff, including use of catchment basins to limit runoff to coastal ecozones and the Great Barrier Reef. The symposium attracted chemical risk managers including ecotoxicologists, environmental chemists, agrochemists, ecosystem managers, and regulators needing better techniques that could feed into better communication of chemical risks. Policy issues related to regulation of chemical safety as well as the role of international conventions were also presented. The symposium was broadcast via webinar to an audience outside the ACS Meeting venue. C1 [Armbrust, Kevin] Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Burns, Mitchell; Crossan, Angus N.; Kennedy, Ivan] Univ Sydney, Fac Agr & Environm, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Fischhoff, David A.] Monsanto Co, St Louis, MO 63167 USA. [Hammond, Larry E.] 2 4D Task Force, Carmel, IN USA. [Johnston, John J.] US Food Safety & Inspect Serv, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Rose, Michael T.] Monash Univ, Sch Chem, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Rose, Michael T.] Monash Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Seiber, James N.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Toxicol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Solomon, Keith] Univ Guelph, Ctr Toxicol, Sch Environm Sci, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. RP Seiber, JN (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Toxicol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM jnseiber@ucdavis.edu RI Rose, Michael/P-2161-2016 OI Rose, Michael/0000-0001-6457-145X NR 62 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 74 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAY 22 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 20 BP 4676 EP 4691 DI 10.1021/jf305281c PG 16 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 152SL UT WOS:000319551300002 PM 23662936 ER PT J AU Kim, SP Nam, SH Friedman, M AF Kim, Sung Phil Nam, Seok Hyun Friedman, Mendel TI Hericium erinaceus (Lion's Mane) Mushroom Extracts Inhibit Metastasis of Cancer Cells to the Lung in CT-26 Colon Cancer-Tansplanted Mice SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Hericium erinaceus mushrooms; CT-29 murine colon cancer; lung tumors; antimetastasis mechanism; health-promoting food; functional food ID TUMOR-BEARING MICE; GROWTH-FACTOR; CURCUMIN; INVASION; ACTIVATION; REDUCTION; LIVER AB This study investigated the antimetastatic activity of four Hericium erinaceus edible mushroom extracts using CT-26 murine colon carcinoma cells as an indicator of inhibition of cell migration to the lung. Hot water (HWE) and microwaved 50% ethanol (MWE) extracts of H. erinaceus strongly elicited cancer cell death through apoptosis and inhibited metastasis of cancer cells' to the lungs by 66% and 69%, respectively. HWE and MWE reduced the expression of matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2 and MMP-9 in cells and their activities in culture media. Urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA), another extracellular matrix (ECM)-degrading proteinase, also showed decreased protein expression. In CT-26 cells, I-PATE and MWE down-regulated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylations. The reduced phosphorylations seem to cause reduction of activity of the MMPs, thereby blocking migration and invasion of cells. Dietary administration of HWE and MWE reduced the formation of tumor nodules in the lung by about 50% and 55%, respectively, and prevented increases in lung weight caused by cancer cell metastasis. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of HWE and MWE as beneficial antimetastatic agents, targeting their upstream signaling molecules for mediating the expression of the ECM degrading proteinases. Acidic and alkaline extracts were not bioactive. Bioactivity seems to be related to composition. H. erinaceus edible mushrooms have the potential to serve as a health-promoting functional food. C1 [Kim, Sung Phil] Ajou Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Suwon 443749, South Korea. [Nam, Seok Hyun] Ajou Univ, Dept Mol Sci & Technol, Suwon 443749, South Korea. [Friedman, Mendel] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Nam, SH (reprint author), Ajou Univ, Dept Mol Sci & Technol, Suwon 443749, South Korea. EM shnam@ajou.ac.kr; Mendel.Friedman@ars.usda.gov OI Friedman, Mendel/0000-0003-2582-7517 NR 31 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 37 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAY 22 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 20 BP 4898 EP 4904 DI 10.1021/jf400916c PG 7 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 152SL UT WOS:000319551300028 PM 23668749 ER PT J AU Murray, EA Carmichael, AE Heraty, JM AF Murray, Elizabeth A. Carmichael, Andrew E. Heraty, John M. TI Ancient host shifts followed by host conservatism in a group of ant parasitoids SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Eucharitidae; molecular dating; cophylogenetic reconstruction; diversification ID HYMENOPTERA-FORMICIDAE; PERILAMPIDAE HYMENOPTERA; SPECIES RICHNESS; GEOGRAPHIC RANGE; NATURAL-HISTORY; EARLY EVOLUTION; BALTIC AMBER; EUCHARITIDAE; PHYLOGENY; DIVERSIFICATION AB While ant colonies serve as host to a diverse array of myrmecophiles, few parasitoids are able to exploit this vast resource. A notable exception is the wasp family Eucharitidae, which is the only family of insects known to exclusively parasitize ants. Worldwide, approximately 700 Eucharitidae species attack five subfamilies across the ant phylogeny. Our goal is to uncover the pattern of eucharitid diversification, including timing of key evolutionary events, biogeographic patterns and potential cophylogeny with ant hosts. We present the most comprehensive molecular phylogeny of Eucharitidae to date, including 44 of the 53 genera and fossil-calibrated estimates of divergence dates. Eucharitidae arose approximately 50 Ma after their hosts, during the time when the major ant lineages were already established and diversifying. We incorporate host association data to test for congruence between eucharitid and ant phylogenies and find that their evolutionary histories are more similar than expected at random. After a series of initial host shifts, clades within Eucharitidae maintained their host affinity. Even after multiple dispersal events to the New World and extensive speciation within biogeographic regions, eucharitids remain parasitic on the same ant subfamilies as their Old World relatives, suggesting host conservatism despite access to a diverse novel ant fauna. C1 [Murray, Elizabeth A.; Carmichael, Andrew E.; Heraty, John M.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Carmichael, Andrew E.] USDA, Systemat Entomol Lab, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Murray, EA (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM elizabeth.murray@email.ucr.edu FU NSF Advances in Bioinformatics [DBI-0641076]; NSF PEET [DEB-0730616]; UC van den Bosch Biocontrol scholarships FX The authors thank all institutions and individuals contributing or loaning collection material. We thank David Hawks for sequencing a portion of the specimens. We are grateful to Astrid Cruaud, John Hash, Jason Mottern, Greg Walker and Christiane Weirauch for helpful comments and discussion. We also thank two anonymous referees for their input. This work was supported through funding from NSF Advances in Bioinformatics DBI-0641076 to J.H., NSF PEET DEB-0730616 to J.H. and two UC van den Bosch Biocontrol scholarships to E.M. NR 86 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 44 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8452 EI 1471-2954 J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD MAY 22 PY 2013 VL 280 IS 1759 AR 20130495 DI 10.1098/rspb.2013.0495 PG 9 WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 124RA UT WOS:000317482100026 PM 23554396 ER PT J AU Reichenbach, SE Tian, X Boateng, AA Mullen, CA Cordero, C Tao, QP AF Reichenbach, Stephen E. Tian, Xue Boateng, Akwasi A. Mullen, Charles A. Cordero, Chiara Tao, Qingping TI Reliable Peak Selection for Multisample Analysis with Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Chromatography SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID FLIGHT MASS-SPECTROMETRY; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; GCXGC AB Comprehensive two-dimensional chromatography is a powerful technology for analyzing the patterns of constituent compounds in complex samples, but matching chromatographic features for comparative analysis across large sample sets is difficult. Various methods have been described for pairwise peak matching between two chromatograms, but the peaks indicated by these pairwise matches commonly are incomplete or inconsistent across many chromatograms. This paper describes a new, automated method for postprocessing the results of pairwise peak matching to address incomplete and inconsistent peak matches and thereby select chromatographic peaks that reliably correspond across many chromatograms. Reliably corresponding peaks can be used both for directly comparing relative compositions across large numbers of samples and for aligning chromatographic data for comprehensive comparative analyses. To select reliable features for a set of chromatograms, the Consistent Cliques Method (CCM) represents all peaks from all chromatograms and all pairwise peak matches in a graph, finds the maximal cliques, and then combines cliques with shared peaks to extract reliable features. The parameters of CCM are the minimum number of chromatograms with complete pairwise peak matches and the desired number of reliable peaks. A particular threshold for the minimum number of chromatograms with complete pairwise matches ensures that there are no conflicts among the pairwise matches for reliable peaks. Experimental results with samples of complex bio-oils analyzed by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GCxGC) coupled with mass spectrometry (GCxGC MS) indicate that CCM provides a good foundation for comparative analysis of complex chemical mixtures. C1 [Reichenbach, Stephen E.; Tian, Xue] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Boateng, Akwasi A.; Mullen, Charles A.] USDA ARS, Sustainable Biofuels & Coprod Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Cordero, Chiara] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Sci & Tecnol Farmaco, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Tao, Qingping] GC Image LLC, Lincoln, NE 68505 USA. RP Reichenbach, SE (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. EM reich@cse.unl.edu; chiara.cordero@unito.it; qtao@gcimage.com RI Cordero, Chiara/I-7858-2012; OI Cordero, Chiara Emilia Irma/0000-0003-3201-0775 FU U.S. National Science Foundation [IIP-1013180]; Nebraska Center for Energy Sciences Research FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Award Number IIP-1013180 and by the Nebraska Center for Energy Sciences Research. NR 23 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 36 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD MAY 21 PY 2013 VL 85 IS 10 BP 4974 EP 4981 DI 10.1021/ac303773v PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 154DG UT WOS:000319651100022 PM 23607505 ER PT J AU Schmidt, R Tantoyotai, P Fakra, SC Marcus, MA Yang, SI Pickering, IJ Banuelos, GS Hristova, KR Freeman, JL AF Schmidt, Radomir Tantoyotai, Prapakorn Fakra, Sirine C. Marcus, Matthew A. Yang, Soo In Pickering, Ingrid J. Banuelos, Gary S. Hristova, Krassimira R. Freeman, John L. TI Selenium Biotransformations in an Engineered Aquatic Ecosystem for Bioremediation of Agricultural Wastewater via Brine Shrimp Production SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; EPHYDRA-CINEREA JONES; GREAT-SALT-LAKE; DRAINAGE SEDIMENT; SPECIATION; CALIFORNIA; SELENATE; ACCUMULATION; ORGANISMS; TOXICITY AB An engineered aquatic ecosystem was specifically designed to bioremediate selenium (Se), occurring as oxidized inorganic selenate from hypersalinized agricultural drainage water while producing brine shrimp enriched in organic Se and omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids for use in value added nutraceutical food supplements. Selenate was successfully bioremediated by microalgal metabolism into organic Se (seleno-amino acids) and partially removed via gaseous volatile Se formation. Furthermore, filter feeding brine shrimp that accumulated this organic Se were removed by net harvest. Thriving in this engineered pond system, brine shrimp (Artemia franciscana Kellogg) and brine fly (Ephydridae sp.) have major ecological relevance as important food sources for large populations of waterfowl, breeding, and migratory shore birds. This aquatic ecosystem was an ideal model for study because it mimics trophic interactions in a Se polluted wetland. Inorganic selenate in drainage water was metabolized differently in microalgae, bacteria, and diatoms where it was accumulated and reduced into various inorganic forms (selenite, selenide, or elemental Se) or partially incorporated into organic Se mainly as selenomethionine. Brine shrimp and brine fly larva then bioaccumulated Se from ingesting aquatic microorganisms and further metabolized Se predominately into organic Se forms. Importantly, adult brine flies, which hatched from aquatic larva, bioaccumulated the highest Se concentrations of all organisms tested. C1 [Schmidt, Radomir; Tantoyotai, Prapakorn; Hristova, Krassimira R.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Fakra, Sirine C.; Marcus, Matthew A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Yang, Soo In; Pickering, Ingrid J.] Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Geol Sci, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada. [Banuelos, Gary S.] ARS, USDA, SJVASC, Water Management Res Div, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Hristova, Krassimira R.] Marquette Univ, Dept Sci Biol, Milwaukee, WI 53233 USA. [Freeman, John L.] Calif State Univ Fresno, Dept Biol, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. [Freeman, John L.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Intrinsyx Technol Corp Inc, Space Biosci Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Hristova, KR (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM krassimira.hristova@marquette.edu; John.L.Freeman@NASA.gov RI Pickering, Ingrid/A-4547-2013 FU CSU Fresno California Agricultural Research Initiative; Department of Energy; California Department of Water Resources [08-002104, 07-3]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; DOE, Office of Biological and Environmental Research; National Institutes of Health, National Center for Research Resources, Biomedical Technology Program [P41RR001209]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; CIHR-THRUST Fellowship FX This research was supported by a CSU Fresno California Agricultural Research Initiative granted to Dr. Gary S. Banuelos and Dr. John L. Freeman, a Department of Energy Beam Time grant to Dr. Gary S. Banuelos and Dr. John L Freeman, and by the California Department of Water Resources under contract number 08-002104, task order 07-3, granted to Dr. Krassimira R. Hristova. The operations of the Advanced Light Source at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory were supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL), a Directorate of SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and an Office of Science User Facility is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science by Stanford University. The SSRL Structural Molecular Biology Program is supported by the DOE, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, and by the National Institutes of Health, National Center for Research Resources, Biomedical Technology Program (P41RR001209). Ingrid J. Pickering is a Canada Research Chair and Soo In Yang was funded by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Discovery Grant to IJP) and by a CIHR-THRUST Fellowship. NR 59 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 60 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD MAY 21 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 10 BP 5057 EP 5065 DI 10.1021/es305001n PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 154WY UT WOS:000319708600013 PM 23621086 ER PT J AU Rosenthal, B Zarlenga, D AF Rosenthal, Benjamin Zarlenga, Dante TI The 13th International Conference on Trichinellosis Foreword SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Rosenthal, Benjamin; Zarlenga, Dante] USDA, ARS, ANRI, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Rosenthal, B (reprint author), USDA, ARS, ANRI, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM benjamin.rosenthal@ars.usda.gov; dante.zarlenga@ars.usda.gov OI Rosenthal, Benjamin/0000-0002-0224-3773 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 EI 1873-2550 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD MAY 20 PY 2013 VL 194 IS 2-4 SI SI BP 99 EP 100 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.01.029 PG 2 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 168CX UT WOS:000320684400001 PM 23485435 ER PT J AU Wang, XL Liu, MY Sun, SM Liu, XL Yu, L Wang, XR Chu, LX Rosenthal, B Shi, HN Boireau, P Wang, F Zhao, Y Wu, XP AF Wang, X. L. Liu, M. Y. Sun, S. M. Liu, X. L. Yu, L. Wang, X. R. Chu, L. X. Rosenthal, B. Shi, H. N. Boireau, P. Wang, F. Zhao, Y. Wu, X. P. TI An anti-tumor protein produced by Trichinella spiralis induces apoptosis in human hepatoma H7402 cells SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Trichinellosis CY AUG 01-06, 2011 CL Changchun, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Int Commiss Trichinellosis, Jilin Univ, BioRad, Prionics, Paratest, Natl Nat Sci Fdn China DE A200711; Apoptosis; Hepatocellular carcinomas; Phage display library; Trichinella spiralis ID PARASITES AB Trichinella spiralis infection confers effective resistance to tumor cell expansion. In this study, a T7 phage cDNA display library was constructed to express genes encoded by T. spiralis. Organic phase multi-cell screening was used to sort through candidate proteins in a transfected human chronic myeloid leukemia cell line (K562) and a human hepatoma cell line (H7402) using the display library. The protein encoded by the A200711 gene was identified and analyzed using protein analysis software. To test the antitumor effects of A200711, variations in cell proliferation and apoptosis were monitored after recombinant pEGFP-N1-A200711 was transfected into H7402 cells. The results show that the expressed target gene successfully induced apoptosis in H7402 cells as measured by Hoechst-PI staining, MTT assay (p < 0.05). This study warrants further investigation into the therapeutic use of A200711 for anti-hepatocellular carcinomas. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, X. L.; Liu, M. Y.; Sun, S. M.; Liu, X. L.; Yu, L.; Wang, X. R.; Chu, L. X.; Wang, F.; Zhao, Y.; Wu, X. P.] Jilin Univ, Inst Zoonosis, Minist Educ, Key Lab Zoonosis Res, Changchun 130062, Peoples R China. [Rosenthal, B.] USDA, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Shi, H. N.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp East, Pediat Gastroenterol Unit, Mucosal Immunol Lab, Charlestown, MA 02129 USA. [Boireau, P.] ANSES, Hlth Anim Lab, Maisons Alfort, France. RP Liu, MY (reprint author), Jilin Univ, Inst Zoonosis, Minist Educ, Key Lab Zoonosis Res, Changchun 130062, Peoples R China. EM liumy@jlu.edu.cn; zhaoyingsohu@sohu.com; xpwu@jlu.edu.cn OI Rosenthal, Benjamin/0000-0002-0224-3773 FU MOST [2011AA10A215]; NSFC [30825033, 31030064, 30972177, 30950110328, 81070311, 31072124]; CPSF [2011M500366]; NIH/NIDDK [R01 DK082427] FX This study was supported by MOST 2011AA10A215; NSFC 30825033, 31030064, 30972177, 30950110328, 81070311, 31072124; CPSF 2011M500366 and NIH/NIDDK R01 DK082427. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 EI 1873-2550 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD MAY 20 PY 2013 VL 194 IS 2-4 SI SI BP 186 EP 188 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.01.052 PG 3 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 168CX UT WOS:000320684400024 PM 23433602 ER PT J AU Wu, XP Liu, XL Wang, XL Blaga, R Fu, BQ Liu, P Bai, X Wang, ZJ Rosenthal, BM Shi, HN Sandrine, L Vallee, I Boireau, P Wang, F Zhou, XN Zhao, Y Liu, MY AF Wu, X. P. Liu, X. L. Wang, X. L. Blaga, R. Fu, B. Q. Liu, P. Bai, X. Wang, Z. J. Rosenthal, B. M. Shi, H. N. Sandrine, L. Vallee, I. Boireau, P. Wang, F. Zhou, X. N. Zhao, Y. Liu, M. Y. TI Unique antigenic gene expression at different developmental stages of Trichinella pseudospiralis SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Trichinellosis CY AUG 01-06, 2011 CL Changchun, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Int Commiss Trichinellosis, Jilin Univ, BioRad, Prionics, Paratest, Natl Nat Sci Fdn China DE Trichinella pseudospiralis; Antigenic genes; Different developmental stages ID SPIRALIS; IDENTIFICATION; PROTEINASES; LARVAE AB Parasite-induced and parasite-regulated larval capsule formation and host immunosuppression are two major characteristics that are unique in Trichinella spp. infections, but the molecule(s) and mechanism(s) that mediate these processes remain largely unknown. Trichinella pseudospiralis and Trichinella spiralis, are obviously different with respect to these two characteristics. A comparative study of these two species, in particular their antigen expression profiles at different developmental stages (the main molecules involved in the cross-talk or interaction between each parasite and its host), may help us better understand the parasite molecules and mechanisms involved. Here, we constructed cDNA libraries from T. pseudospiralis adults (Ad), newborn larvae (NBL) and muscle larvae (ML) mRNA and screened them with pig anti-T. pseudospiralis serum collected 26, 32 and 60 days post-infection (p.i.). The most abundant antigens were found to vary among life-cycle stages. Pyroglutamy peptidase 1-like and 6-phosphogluconolactonase-like genes predominated in the Ad stage and a serine protease (SS2-1-like gene) predominated in NBL similar to that observed in T. spiralis. Muscle larvae expressed proteasome activator complex subunit 3-like and 21 kDa excretory/secretory protein-like genes. This study indicated that parasites of two species may utilise different molecules and mechanisms for larvae capsule formation and host immunosuppression during their infections. Proteins of antigenic genes identified in this study may be also good candidates for diagnosis, treatment or vaccination for T. pseudospiralis infection, and also for the differential diagnosis of two species' infections. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wu, X. P.; Liu, X. L.; Wang, X. L.; Fu, B. Q.; Liu, P.; Bai, X.; Wang, Z. J.; Wang, F.; Zhou, X. N.; Zhao, Y.; Liu, M. Y.] Jilin Univ, Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Key Lab Zoonosis Res, Minist Educ, Jilin, Peoples R China. [Rosenthal, B. M.] USDA, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Blaga, R.; Shi, H. N.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp E, Mucosal Immunol Lab, Pediat Gastroenterol Unit, Charlestown, MA 02129 USA. [Sandrine, L.; Vallee, I.; Boireau, P.] Hlth Anim Lab, ANSES, Maisons Alfort, France. RP Zhou, XN (reprint author), Jilin Univ, Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Key Lab Zoonosis Res, Minist Educ, Jilin, Peoples R China. EM ipdzhouxn@sh163.net; zhaoyingsohu@sohu.com; liumy@jlu.edu.cn OI Rosenthal, Benjamin/0000-0002-0224-3773 FU MOST [2011AA10A215]; NSFC [30825033, 31030064, 30972177, 30950110328, 81070311, 31072124]; CPSF [2011M500366]; NIH/NIDDK [R01 DK082427] FX This study was supported by MOST 2011AA10A215; NSFC 30825033, 31030064, 30972177, 30950110328, 81070311, 31072124; CPSF 2011M500366 and NIH/NIDDK R01 DK082427. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 EI 1873-2550 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD MAY 20 PY 2013 VL 194 IS 2-4 SI SI BP 198 EP 201 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.01.055 PG 4 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 168CX UT WOS:000320684400027 PM 23433603 ER PT J AU Zhao, Y Liu, MY Wang, XL Liu, XL Yang, Y Zou, HB Sun, SM Yu, L Rosenthal, B Shi, HN Boireau, P Wu, XP AF Zhao, Y. Liu, M. Y. Wang, X. L. Liu, X. L. Yang, Y. Zou, H. B. Sun, S. M. Yu, L. Rosenthal, B. Shi, H. N. Boireau, P. Wu, X. P. TI Modulation of inflammatory bowel disease in a mouse model following infection with Trichinella spiralis SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Trichinellosis CY AUG 01-06, 2011 CL Changchun, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Int Commiss Trichinellosis, Jilin Univ, BioRad, Prionics, Paratest, Natl Nat Sci Fdn China DE Trichinella spiralis; Inflammatory bowel disease; Colonic immunity; Immunomodulator ID CYTOKINE GENE-EXPRESSION; COLITIS; MICE AB Infection of mice with Trichinella spiralis redirects the mucosal immune system from a Th1 to a protective Th2 response with a reduction in the severity of trinitrobenzesulfonic acid-induced colonic damage. T. spiralis infection induced IL-10 production in a dose-dependent manner in oxazolone (OXZ)-induced colitis. This phenomenon may be responsible for the lack of efficacy of T. spiralis in the treatment of OXZ-induced colitis. These results indicate that if the source of increased IL-10 production is identified and addressed, T. spiralis may alter the Th2 response. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhao, Y.; Liu, M. Y.; Wang, X. L.; Liu, X. L.; Yang, Y.; Zou, H. B.; Sun, S. M.; Yu, L.; Wu, X. P.] Jilin Univ, Hosp 1, Key Lab Zoonosis Res, Minist Educ, Changchun 130062, Peoples R China. [Rosenthal, B.] USDA, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Shi, H. N.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp E, Pediat Gastroenterol Unit, Mucosal Immunol Lab, Charlestown, MA 02129 USA. [Boireau, P.] Hlth Anim Lab, ANSES, Maisons Alfort, France. RP Liu, MY (reprint author), Jilin Univ, Inst Zoonosis, Key Lab Zoonosis Res, Minist Educ, Changchun 130062, Peoples R China. EM liumy@jlu.edu.cn; xpwu@jlu.edu.cn OI Rosenthal, Benjamin/0000-0002-0224-3773 FU MOST [2011AA10A215]; NSFC [30825033, 31030064, 30972177, 30950110328, 81070311, 31072124]; NIH/NIDDK [R01 DK082427] FX This study was supported by MOST 2011AA10A215; NSFC 30825033, 31030064, 30972177, 30950110328, 81070311, 31072124; and NIH/NIDDK R01 DK082427. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 EI 1873-2550 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD MAY 20 PY 2013 VL 194 IS 2-4 SI SI BP 211 EP 216 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.01.058 PG 6 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 168CX UT WOS:000320684400030 PM 23433604 ER PT J AU Liu, P Wu, XP Bai, X Wang, XL Yu, L Rosenthal, B Blaga, R Lacour, S Vallee, I Boireau, P Gherman, C Oltean, M Zhou, XN Wang, F Zhao, Y Liu, MY AF Liu, P. Wu, X. P. Bai, X. Wang, X. L. Yu, L. Rosenthal, B. Blaga, R. Lacour, S. Vallee, I. Boireau, P. Gherman, C. Oltean, M. Zhou, X. N. Wang, F. Zhao, Y. Liu, M. Y. TI Screening of early antigen genes of adult-stage Trichinella spiralis using pig serum from different stages of early infection SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Trichinellosis CY AUG 01-06, 2011 CL Changchun, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Int Commiss Trichinellosis, Jilin Univ, BioRad, Prionics, Paratest, Natl Nat Sci Fdn China DE Trichinella spiralis; cDNA library; Immunoscreening; Immunodiagnosis ID NEWBORN LARVAE; LIFE-CYCLE; IDENTIFICATION; IMMUNITY; EPIDEMIOLOGY; TRICHINOSIS; PROTEASES; PROTEIN; CLONING AB The goal of this work was to identify novel, early antigens present in Trichinella spiralis. To this end, a cDNA library generated from 3-day old adult worms (Ad3) was immunologically screened using serum from a pig infected with 20,000 muscle larvae. The serum was obtained from multiple, time course bleeds coinciding with early worm development: Seventeen positive clones were isolated using serum obtained at 20 days post infection (dpi). All clones corresponded to one gene that exhibited high sequence identity with the T. spiralis ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX19B which is involved in parasite growth and development. In addition, nine additional positive clones representing 5 unique genes were identified when the library was screened with 30 dpi serum; four of these five genes displayed high similarity with members of a putative T. spiralis serine protease family known to be involved in host invasion and host-parasite interactions. The remaining gene aligned with the T. spiralis hypothetical ORF 11.30. The identification of these antigens provides potential candidates for the early diagnosis of trichinellosis and for the development of a vaccine against this parasite. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Liu, P.; Wu, X. P.; Bai, X.; Wang, X. L.; Yu, L.; Zhou, X. N.; Wang, F.; Zhao, Y.; Liu, M. Y.] Jilin Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Zoonosis Res, Jilin, Peoples R China. [Liu, P.; Wu, X. P.; Wang, X. L.; Yu, L.; Zhou, X. N.; Wang, F.; Zhao, Y.; Liu, M. Y.] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Natl Inst Parasit Dis, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Rosenthal, B.] USDA, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Blaga, R.; Lacour, S.; Vallee, I.; Boireau, P.] ANSES, ENVA, UPEC, UMR BIPAR,Lab Anim Hlth, Maisons Alfort, France. [Gherman, C.; Oltean, M.] Univ Agr Sci & Vet Med, Cluj Napoca, Romania. RP Liu, MY (reprint author), Jilin Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Zoonosis Res, Jilin, Peoples R China. EM ipdzhouxn@sh163.net; Wangfeng1234cn@yahoo.com.cn; zhaoyingsohu@sohu.com; liumy@jlu.edu.cn RI gherman, calin/P-5823-2016; OI gherman, calin/0000-0002-5936-2538; Rosenthal, Benjamin/0000-0002-0224-3773 FU Ministry of Science and Technology of China [MOST: 2008ZX10004-11, 2011AA10A215]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [NSFC 30825033, 31030064, 30972177, 30950110328, 81070311, 31072124, CPSF 2011M500366] FX This study was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (MOST: 2008ZX10004-11 and 2011AA10A215) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC 30825033, 31030064, 30972177, 30950110328, 81070311, 31072124, and CPSF 2011M500366). NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 EI 1873-2550 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD MAY 20 PY 2013 VL 194 IS 2-4 SI SI BP 222 EP 225 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.02.001 PG 4 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 168CX UT WOS:000320684400032 PM 23485437 ER PT J AU Trippe, K McPhail, K Armstrong, D Azevedo, M Banowetz, G AF Trippe, Kristin McPhail, Kerry Armstrong, Donald Azevedo, Mark Banowetz, Gary TI Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25 produces furanomycin, a non-proteinogenic amino acid with selective antimicrobial properties SO BMC MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25; Pseudomonas fluorescens WH6; Secondary metabolites; Non-proteinogenic amino acids; Antimicrobial activity; 4-formylaminooxyvinylglycine; Furanomycin ID GERMINATION-ARREST-FACTOR; L-2-AMINO-4-METHOXY-TRANS-3-BUTENOIC ACID; FACTOR GAF; RHIZOSPHERE BACTERIA; ERWINIA-AMYLOVORA; INHIBITS GROWTH; BIOSYNTHESIS; RHIZOBITOXINE; POPULATIONS; ANTAGONIST AB Background: Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25 has been extensively studied because of its plant growth promoting properties and potential as a biocontrol agent. The genome of SBW25 has been sequenced, and among sequenced strains of pseudomonads, SBW25 appears to be most closely related to P. fluorescens WH6. In the authors' laboratories, WH6 was previously shown to produce and secrete 4-formylaminooxyvinylglycine (FVG), a non-proteinogenic amino acid with selective herbicidal and antimicrobial activity. Although SBW25 does not have the genetic capacity to produce FVG, we were interested in determining whether this pseudomonad might produce some other type of non-proteinogenic amino acid. Results: P. fluorescens SBW25 was found to produce and secrete a ninhydrin-reactive compound with selective antimicrobial properties. This compound was purified from SBW25 culture filtrate and identified as the non-proteinogenic amino acid L-furanomycin [2S,2'R,5'S)-2-amino-2-(5'methyl-2',5'-dihydrofuran-2'-yl)acetic acid]. Conclusions: The identification of furanomycin as a secondary metabolite of SBW25 is the first report of the production of furanomycin by a pseudomonad. This compound was known previously only as a natural product produced by a strain of Streptomyces. This report adds furanomycin to the small list of non-proteinogenic amino acids that have been identified as secondary products of pseudomonads. This study also extends the list of bacteria that are inhibited by furanomycin to include several plant pathogenic bacteria. C1 [Trippe, Kristin; Azevedo, Mark; Banowetz, Gary] ARS, USDA, Natl Forage Seed Prod Res Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [McPhail, Kerry] Oregon State Univ, Coll Pharm, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Armstrong, Donald] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Banowetz, G (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Forage Seed Prod Res Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM Gary.Banowetz@ars.usda.gov FU USDA CSREES Grass Seed Cropping Systems for Sustainable Agriculture Special Grant Program; Oregon State University Agricultural Research Foundation FX Support from the USDA CSREES Grass Seed Cropping Systems for Sustainable Agriculture Special Grant Program and from the Oregon State University Agricultural Research Foundation is gratefully acknowledged by KM and DA. Technical assistance for parts of this study was provided by Donald D. Chen. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture or the Agricultural Research Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. NR 44 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 31 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2180 J9 BMC MICROBIOL JI BMC Microbiol. PD MAY 20 PY 2013 VL 13 AR 111 DI 10.1186/1471-2180-13-111 PG 10 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 150NG UT WOS:000319397000001 PM 23688329 ER PT J AU Koskiniemi, CB Truong, VD McFeeters, RF Simunovic, J AF Koskiniemi, Craig B. Van-Den Truong McFeeters, Roger F. Simunovic, Josip TI Effects of Acid, Salt, and Soaking Time on the Dielectric Properties of Acidified Vegetables SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES LA English DT Article DE Dielectric properties; Acidified vegetables; Sweet potatoes; Red bell pepper; Broccoli; Microwave heating ID 915 MHZ; MICROWAVE; PASTEURIZATION; TEMPERATURE; RELEVANT AB In order to design a continuous microwave process for pasteurization of acidified vegetables, equilibration phenomena in acid and salt solutions must be examined with regards to changes in dielectric properties. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of acid and salt concentration on the dielectric properties of acidified vegetables. Broccoli florets and sweet potato cubes (1.2 cm) were blanched to facilitate acid and salt equilibration by heating for 15 s in boiling de-ionized water. Red bell pepper cubes were not blanched. The vegetable samples were then acidified in solutions of 12% sodium chloride with 0.52% citric acid. Dielectric properties were measured at 915 MHz from 25 to 100 degrees C after 0-, 4-, and 24-h soaking periods in the solutions using an open-ended coaxial probe connected to a network analyzer. Equilibration occurred within 4 h of salting and acidification. Acid and salt concentration had no significant effect on the dielectric constant (E). However, E was significantly different among vegetables (p < 0.05). Dielectric loss factor (E) was not affected by acid, but significantly increased with salt concentration. These results provide necessary dielectric property information to apply microwave heating technology in processing of acidified vegetables. C1 [Koskiniemi, Craig B.; Simunovic, Josip] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Food Bioproc & Nutr Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Van-Den Truong; McFeeters, Roger F.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, SAA Food Sci Res Unit, Dept Food Bioproc & Nutr Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Truong, VD (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, SAA Food Sci Res Unit, Dept Food Bioproc & Nutr Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM den.truong@ars.usda.gov NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 13 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1094-2912 J9 INT J FOOD PROP JI Int. J. Food Prop. PD MAY 19 PY 2013 VL 16 IS 4 BP 917 EP 927 DI 10.1080/10942912.2011.567428 PG 11 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 096DH UT WOS:000315383700018 ER PT J AU Onwulata, CI Pimentel, MR Thomas, AE Phillips, JG Tunick, MH Mukhopadhyay, S Sheen, S Liu, CK Latona, N Cooke, PH AF Onwulata, Charles I. Pimentel, Mariana R. Thomas, Audrey E. Phillips, John G. Tunick, Michael H. Mukhopadhyay, Sudarsan Sheen, Shiowshuh Liu, Cheng-Kung Latona, Nicholas Cooke, Peter H. TI Instrumental Textural Perception of Food and Comparative Biomaterials SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES LA English DT Article DE Texture; Biomaterials; Food; Structure ID WATER ACTIVITY; MOISTURE SORPTION; FRACTURE-BEHAVIOR; ACOUSTIC-EMISSION; CRISPNESS; CORK; DEFORMATION; CRUNCHINESS; FOAMS; PRODUCTS AB Exposing an extruded corn snack, an extruded biodegradable packing material, carrots, and wood chip cork to relative humidity conditions ranging from 29.5 to 97.5% changed their moisture content and affected the respective internal structures. The extruded corn snack and extruded biodegradable packing material specimens evaluated after 24 h, absorbed moisture and lost crispness. Carrot and cork specimens were evaluated after 48 h; carrots lost moisture, became softer, and decreased in hardness from 55.02 +/- 7.59 to 23.6 +/- 8.6 N, while cork specimens were unchanged. For all products, loss of moisture increased surface roughness. Increasing moisture amplified turgidity and strength in extruded biodegradable packing material, decreased crispness in extruded corn snack, and stiffness in carrot, but produced no changes in the wood chip cork. C1 [Onwulata, Charles I.; Thomas, Audrey E.; Phillips, John G.; Tunick, Michael H.; Mukhopadhyay, Sudarsan; Sheen, Shiowshuh; Liu, Cheng-Kung; Latona, Nicholas] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Pimentel, Mariana R.] FEA UNICAMP, Dept Ciencia Alimentos, Campinas, SP, Brazil. [Cooke, Peter H.] New Mexico State Univ, Electron Microscopy Lab, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Onwulata, CI (reprint author), ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM Charles.Onwulata@ars.usda.gov RI Tunick, Michael/C-9761-2010 NR 62 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 10 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1094-2912 J9 INT J FOOD PROP JI Int. J. Food Prop. PD MAY 19 PY 2013 VL 16 IS 4 BP 928 EP 948 DI 10.1080/10942912.2011.570469 PG 21 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 096DH UT WOS:000315383700019 ER PT J AU Runcie, DE Wiedmann, RT Archie, EA Altmann, J Wray, GA Alberts, SC Tung, J AF Runcie, Daniel E. Wiedmann, Ralph T. Archie, Elizabeth A. Altmann, Jeanne Wray, Gregory A. Alberts, Susan C. Tung, Jenny TI Social environment influences the relationship between genotype and gene expression in wild baboons SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE gene-environment interaction; dominance rank; Amboseli baboons; social connectedness; allele-specific gene expression ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; DNA-SEQUENCING DATA; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; LIFE-HISTORY; HYBRIDIZATION PATTERNS; REGULATORY VARIATION; POLYGENIC VARIATION; PAPIO-CYNOCEPHALUS; PRIMATE POPULATION; REARING CONDITION AB Variation in the social environment can have profound effects on survival and reproduction in wild social mammals. However, we know little about the degree to which these effects are influenced by genetic differences among individuals, and conversely, the degree to which social environmental variation mediates genetic reaction norms. To better understand these relationships, we investigated the potential for dominance rank, social connectedness and group size to modify the effects of genetic variation on gene expression in the wild baboons of the Amboseli basin. We found evidence for a number of gene-environment interactions (GEIs) associated with variation in the social environment, encompassing social environments experienced in adulthood as well as persistent effects of early life social environment. Social connectedness, maternal dominance rank and group size all interacted with genotype to influence gene expression in at least one sex, and either in early life or in adulthood. These results suggest that social and behavioural variation, akin to other factors such as age and sex, can impact the genotype-phenotype relationship. We conclude that GEIs mediated by the social environment are important in the evolution and maintenance of individual differences in wild social mammals, including individual differences in responses to social stressors. C1 [Runcie, Daniel E.; Wray, Gregory A.; Alberts, Susan C.] Duke Univ, Dept Biol, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Runcie, Daniel E.; Wray, Gregory A.; Tung, Jenny] Duke Univ, Inst Genome Sci & Policy, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Tung, Jenny] Duke Univ, Dept Evolutionary Anthropol, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Tung, Jenny] Duke Univ, Duke Populat Res Inst, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Wiedmann, Ralph T.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Archie, Elizabeth A.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Archie, Elizabeth A.; Altmann, Jeanne; Alberts, Susan C.; Tung, Jenny] Natl Museums Kenya, Inst Primate Res, Nairobi, Kenya. [Altmann, Jeanne] Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Tung, J (reprint author), Duke Univ, Inst Genome Sci & Policy, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM jt5@duke.edu OI Runcie, Daniel/0000-0002-3008-9312 FU National Science Foundation [IOS-0919200, DEB-0846286, BCS-0846532]; National Institute of Aging [NIA R01-AG034513-01, NIA P01-AG031719]; Institute of Primate Research FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (IOS-0919200 to S.C.A., DEB-0846286 to S.C.A and G.A.W., and BCS-0846532 to J.A.) and the National Institute of Aging (NIA R01-AG034513-01 and NIA P01-AG031719 to S.C.A.). We thank the Office of the President, Republic of Kenya; the Kenya Wildlife Service and its Amboseli staff and wardens; our local sponsor, the Institute of Primate Research; the National Museums of Kenya; and the members of the Amboseli-Longido pastoralist communities. Particular thanks go to the Amboseli fieldworkers who contribute to genetic and environmental sampling, especially R. Mututua, S. Sayialel and K. Warutere, and to T. Wango and V. Atieno, who provided assistance with the samples and logistical support in Nairobi. We are also grateful for the contributions of J. Stroud, J. Gordon, and S. Morrow to the pyrosequencing and genotyping data, S. Mukherjee for statistical advice, T. Brown-Brandl and J. Horvath for reading an early draft of the manuscript, two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments and Baylor College of Medicine (Human Genome Sequencing Center) for the preliminary draft assembly of the baboon genome. Data included in this study were obtained in accordance with the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee protocols approved by Duke University and Princeton University. Data included in this study are deposited in Dryad (doi:10.5061/dryad.s5j81) and in the NCBI Short Read Archive (SRP018756). Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture (USDA). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 83 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 69 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8436 J9 PHILOS T R SOC B JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD MAY 19 PY 2013 VL 368 IS 1618 SI SI AR 20120345 DI 10.1098/rstb.2012.0345 PG 12 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 122AY UT WOS:000317288400008 PM 23569293 ER PT J AU Arsenault, RJ Napper, S Kogut, MH AF Arsenault, Ryan J. Napper, Scott Kogut, Michael H. TI Salmonella enterica Typhimurium infection causes metabolic changes in chicken muscle involving AMPK, fatty acid and insulin/mTOR signaling SO VETERINARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN-KINASE; SEROVAR TYPHIMURIUM; INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA; PHOSPHOLIPASE A(2); EXPRESSION; CELLS; ACTIVATION; MECHANISMS; DISEASE; GLUCOSE AB Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (Salmonella Typhimurium) infection of chickens that are more than a few days old results in asymptomatic cecal colonization with persistent shedding of bacteria. We hypothesized that while the bacterium colonizes and persists locally in the cecum it has systemic effects, including changes to metabolic pathways of skeletal muscle, influencing the physiology of the avian host. Using species-specific peptide arrays to perform kinome analysis on metabolic signaling pathways in skeletal muscle of Salmonella Typhimurium infected chickens, we have observed key metabolic changes that affected fatty acid and glucose metabolism through the 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and the insulin/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. Over a three week time course of infection, we observed changes in the phosphorylation state of the AMPK protein, and proteins up and down the pathway. In addition, changes to a large subset of the protein intermediates of the insulin/mTOR pathway in the skeletal muscle were altered by infection. These changes occur in pathways with direct effects on fatty acid and glucose metabolism. This is the first report of significant cellular metabolic changes occurring systemically in chicken due to a Salmonella infection. These results have implications not only for animal production and health but also for the understanding of how Salmonella infection in the intestine can have widespread, systemic effects on the metabolism of chickens without disease-like symptoms. C1 [Arsenault, Ryan J.; Kogut, Michael H.] ARS, USDA, SPARC, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Napper, Scott] Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Biochem, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada. RP Arsenault, RJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, SPARC, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM ryan.arsenault@usask.ca FU United States Department of Agriculture FX All funding was provided by internal United States Department of Agriculture funds. NR 42 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 16 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 0928-4249 J9 VET RES JI Vet. Res. PD MAY 17 PY 2013 VL 44 AR 35 DI 10.1186/1297-9716-44-35 PG 15 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 151GQ UT WOS:000319449100001 PM 23682635 ER PT J AU Tzanetakis, IE Martin, RR Wintermantel, WM AF Tzanetakis, Ioannis E. Martin, Robert R. Wintermantel, William M. TI Epidemiology of criniviruses: an emerging problem in world agriculture SO FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Crinivirus; Closteroviridae; whitefly; transmission; detection; control ID STUNTING-DISORDER-VIRUS; TOMATO-CHLOROSIS-VIRUS; INFECTIOUS-YELLOWS-VIRUS; COMPLETE NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; PALLIDOSIS-ASSOCIATED VIRUS; WHITEFLY-TRANSMITTED VIRUS; COMPLETE GENOME SEQUENCE; VEIN-ASSOCIATED-VIRUS; FEATHERY-MOTTLE-VIRUS; LEAF-CURL-VIRUS AB The genus Crinivirus includes the whitefly-transmitted members of the family Closteroviridae. Whitefly-transmitted viruses have emerged as a major problem for world agriculture and are responsible for diseases that lead to losses measured in the billions of dollars annually. Criniviruses emerged as a major agricultural threat at the end of the twentieth century with the establishment and naturalization of their whitefly vectors, members of the genera Trialeurodes and Bemisia, in temperate climates around the globe. Several criniviruses cause significant diseases in single infections whereas others remain asymptomatic and only cause disease when found in mixed infections with other viruses. Characterization of the majority of criniviruses has been done in the last 20 years and this article provides a detailed review on the epidemiology of this important group of viruses. C1 [Tzanetakis, Ioannis E.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Plant Pathol, Div Agr, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Martin, Robert R.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR USA. [Wintermantel, William M.] USDA ARS, Crop Improvement & Protect Res Unit, Salinas, CA USA. RP Tzanetakis, IE (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Plant Pathol, Div Agr, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM itzaneta@uark.edu; bill.wintermantel@ars.usda.gov RI Tzanetakis, Ioannis/B-9598-2009 FU California Strawberry Commission; North America Strawberry Growers Association; North American Raspberry and Blackberry Association; Northwest Center for Small Fruits Research; Washington Red Raspberry Commission; Oregon Raspberry and Blackberry Commission; USDA-NIFA-SCRI [2009-51181-06022]; USDA-APHIS-NCPN [10-8100-1572-CA, 10-8100-1567-IA]; Southern Region Small Fruit Consortium; Arkansas Agricultural Experimental Station; United States Department of Agriculture FX The authors thank Dr. Quito-Avila for his help with the phylogenetics. The majority of the work done by the authors of this review was made possible with funds from the California Strawberry Commission, the North America Strawberry Growers Association, the North American Raspberry and Blackberry Association, the Northwest Center for Small Fruits Research, the Washington Red Raspberry Commission, the Oregon Raspberry and Blackberry Commission, USDA-NIFA-SCRI (2009-51181-06022), USDA-APHIS-NCPN (10-8100-1572-CA and 10-8100-1567-IA), the Southern Region Small Fruit Consortium, the Arkansas Agricultural Experimental Station, and the United States Department of Agriculture. NR 139 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 14 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-302X J9 FRONT MICROBIOL JI Front. Microbiol. PD MAY 16 PY 2013 VL 4 AR 119 DI 10.3389/fmicb.2013.00119 PG 15 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AA5CC UT WOS:000331112300001 PM 23730300 ER PT J AU Utsunomiya, YT O'Brien, AMP Sonstegard, TS Van Tassell, CP do Carmo, AS Meszaros, G Solkner, J Garcia, JF AF Utsunomiya, Yuri Tani O'Brien, Ana Maria Perez Sonstegard, Tad Stewart Van Tassell, Curtis Paul do Carmo, Adriana Santana Meszaros, Gabor Soelkner, Johann Garcia, Jose Fernando TI Detecting Loci under Recent Positive Selection in Dairy and Beef Cattle by Combining Different Genome-Wide Scan Methods SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID LARGE GENE LISTS; ARTIFICIAL SELECTION; BOVINE CHROMOSOME-6; HAPLOTYPE STRUCTURE; HUMAN-POPULATIONS; CELL-DEATH; SIGNATURES; RECEPTOR; REGIONS; ASSOCIATION AB As the methodologies available for the detection of positive selection from genomic data vary in terms of assumptions and execution, weak correlations are expected among them. However, if there is any given signal that is consistently supported across different methodologies, it is strong evidence that the locus has been under past selection. In this paper, a straightforward frequentist approach based on the Stouffer Method to combine P-values across different tests for evidence of recent positive selection in common variations, as well as strategies for extracting biological information from the detected signals, were described and applied to high density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data generated from dairy and beef cattle (taurine and indicine). The ancestral Bovinae allele state of over 440,000 SNP is also reported. Using this combination of methods, highly significant (P<3.17 x 10(-7)) population-specific sweeps pointing out to candidate genes and pathways that may be involved in beef and dairy production were identified. The most significant signal was found in the Cornichon homolog 3 gene (CNIH3) in Brown Swiss (P = 3.82 x 10(-12)), and may be involved in the regulation of pre-ovulatory luteinizing hormone surge. Other putative pathways under selection are the glucolysis/gluconeogenesis, transcription machinery and chemokine/cytokine activity in Angus; calpain-calpastatin system and ribosome biogenesis in Brown Swiss; and gangliosides deposition in milk fat globules in Gyr. The composite method, combined with the strategies applied to retrieve functional information, may be a useful tool for surveying genome-wide selective sweeps and providing insights in to the source of selection. C1 [Utsunomiya, Yuri Tani; do Carmo, Adriana Santana] UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Ciencias Agr & Vet, Dept Med Vet Prevent & Reprod Anim, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [O'Brien, Ana Maria Perez; Meszaros, Gabor; Soelkner, Johann] BOKU Univ Nat Resources & Life Sci, Div Livestock Sci, Dept Sustainable Agr Syst, Vienna, Austria. [Garcia, Jose Fernando] UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Med Vet Aracatuba, Dept Apoio Saude & Prod Anim, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Sonstegard, Tad Stewart; Van Tassell, Curtis Paul] ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Solkner, J (reprint author), BOKU Univ Nat Resources & Life Sci, Div Livestock Sci, Dept Sustainable Agr Syst, Vienna, Austria. EM johann.soelkner@boku.ac.at; jfgarcia@fmva.unesp.br RI Utsunomiya, Yuri Tani/K-5214-2013; OI Utsunomiya, Yuri Tani/0000-0002-6526-8337; Van Tassell, Curtis/0000-0002-8416-2087 FU European Science Foundation; Advances in Farm Animal Genomic Resources project [3726]; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) [560922/2010-8, 483590/2010-0]; Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) [2011/16643-2, 2010/52030-2]; USDA Agricultural Research Service [1265-31000-098D] FX This research received support from the European Science Foundation and the Advances in Farm Animal Genomic Resources project (process no 3726), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) (processes 560922/2010-8 and 483590/2010-0), Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) (processes 2011/16643-2 and 2010/52030-2) and USDA Agricultural Research Service (project 1265-31000-098D). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.; The authors wish to thank the U. S. Department of Agriculture, the University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, and The HapMap and The Zebu Genome Consortia for providing the genotypes used in this paper. We want to express our highest gratitude to the European Science Foundation and the Advances in Farm Animal Genomic Resources project for supporting this research. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the authors or their respective institutions. NR 56 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 32 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 16 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 5 AR e64280 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0064280 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 146HW UT WOS:000319081900077 PM 23696874 ER PT J AU Pei, HX Ma, N Chen, JW Zheng, Y Tian, J Li, J Zhang, S Fei, ZJ Gao, JP AF Pei, Haixia Ma, Nan Chen, Jiwei Zheng, Yi Tian, Ji Li, Jing Zhang, Shuai Fei, Zhangjun Gao, Junping TI Integrative Analysis of miRNA and mRNA Profiles in Response to Ethylene in Rose Petals during Flower Opening SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PLANT MICRORNAS; GENE-EXPRESSION; ANTHOCYANIN BIOSYNTHESIS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; STRESS; REVEAL; CULTIVARS; EVOLUTION; RECEPTOR AB MicroRNAs play an important role in plant development and plant responses to various biotic and abiotic stimuli. As one of the most important ornamental crops, rose (Rosa hybrida) possesses several specific morphological and physiological features, including recurrent flowering, highly divergent flower shapes, colors and volatiles. Ethylene plays an important role in regulating petal cell expansion during rose flower opening. Here, we report the population and expression profiles of miRNAs in rose petals during flower opening and in response to ethylene based on high throughput sequencing. We identified a total of 33 conserved miRNAs, as well as 47 putative novel miRNAs were identified from rose petals. The conserved and novel targets to those miRNAs were predicted using the rose floral transcriptome database. Expression profiling revealed that expression of 28 known (84.8% of known miRNAs) and 39 novel (83.0% of novel miRNAs) miRNAs was substantially changed in rose petals during the earlier opening period. We also found that 28 known and 22 novel miRNAs showed expression changes in response to ethylene treatment. Furthermore, we performed integrative analysis of expression profiles of miRNAs and their targets. We found that ethylene-caused expression changes of five miRNAs (miR156, miR164, miR166, miR5139 and rhy-miRC1) were inversely correlated to those of their seven target genes. These results indicate that these miRNA/target modules might be regulated by ethylene and were involved in ethylene-regulated petal growth. C1 [Pei, Haixia; Ma, Nan; Chen, Jiwei; Zheng, Yi; Tian, Ji; Li, Jing; Zhang, Shuai; Gao, Junping] China Agr Univ, Dept Ornamental Hort, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. [Zheng, Yi; Fei, Zhangjun] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Fei, Zhangjun] USDA, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY USA. RP Gao, JP (reprint author), China Agr Univ, Dept Ornamental Hort, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. EM gaojp@cau.edu.cn RI Zheng, Yi/F-6150-2016 OI Zheng, Yi/0000-0002-8042-7770 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31071827, 31130359] FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Grants (Grant no. 31071827 and 31130359). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 68 TC 21 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 70 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 16 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 5 AR e64290 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0064290 PG 17 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 146HW UT WOS:000319081900082 PM 23696879 ER PT J AU Peterson, NA Anderson, TK Yoshino, TP AF Peterson, Nathan A. Anderson, Tavis K. Yoshino, Timothy P. TI In Silico Analysis of the Fucosylation-Associated Genome of the Human Blood Fluke Schistosoma mansoni: Cloning and Characterization of the Fucosyltransferase Multigene Family SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; MOLECULAR-CLONING; BIOMPHALARIA-GLABRATA; PROTEIN O-FUCOSYL-TRANSFERASE-1; SUBSTRATE-SPECIFICITY; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; CERCARIAL GLYCOCALYX; MEMBRANE-PROTEINS; GENE-EXPRESSION; MIXED MODELS AB Fucosylated glycans of the parasitic flatworm Schistosoma mansoni play key roles in its development and immunobiology. In the present study we used a genome-wide homology-based bioinformatics approach to search for genes that contribute to fucosylated glycan expression in S. mansoni, specifically the alpha 2-, alpha 3-, and alpha 6-fucosyltransferases (FucTs), which transfer L-fucose from a GDP-L-fucose donor to an oligosaccharide acceptor. We identified and in silico characterized several novel schistosome FucT homologs, including six alpha 3-FucTs and six alpha 6-FucTs, as well as two protein O-FucTs that catalyze the unrelated transfer of L-fucose to serine and threonine residues of epidermal growth factor- and thrombospondin-type repeats. No alpha 2-FucTs were observed. Primary sequence analyses identified key conserved FucT motifs as well as characteristic transmembrane domains, consistent with their putative roles as fucosyltransferases. Most genes exhibit alternative splicing, with multiple transcript variants generated. A phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that schistosome alpha 3- and alpha 6-FucTs form monophyletic clades within their respective gene families, suggesting multiple gene duplications following the separation of the schistosome lineage from the main evolutionary tree. Quantitative decreases in steady-state transcript levels of some FucTs during early larval development suggest a possible mechanism for differential expression of fucosylated glycans in schistosomes. This study systematically identifies the complete repertoire of FucT homologs in S. mansoni and provides fundamental information regarding their genomic organization, genetic variation, developmental expression, and evolutionary history. C1 [Yoshino, Timothy P.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Pathobiol Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Peterson, Nathan A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Anderson, Tavis K.] ARS, Virus & Prion Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. RP Yoshino, TP (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Pathobiol Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM yoshinot@vetmed.wisc.edu OI Anderson, Tavis/0000-0002-3138-5535 FU National Institutes of Health [AI015503, AI061436]; NIH-NIAID [HHSN272201000005I]; NRSA predoctoral fellowship through the Cellular and Molecular Parasitology Training Grant [NIH T32 AI007414] FX This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health grants AI015503 and AI061436 to TPY and NIH-NIAID schistosome supply contract no. HHSN272201000005I. NAP was supported by a NRSA predoctoral fellowship through the Cellular and Molecular Parasitology Training Grant NIH T32 AI007414. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 86 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 16 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 5 AR e63299 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0063299 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 146HW UT WOS:000319081900024 PM 23696810 ER PT J AU Wang, XN Radwan, MM Tarawneh, AH Gao, JT Wedge, DE Rosa, LH Cutler, HG Cutler, SJ AF Wang, Xiaoning Radwan, Mohamed M. Tarawneh, Amer H. Gao, Jiangtao Wedge, David E. Rosa, Luiz H. Cutler, Horace G. Cutler, Stephen J. TI Antifungal Activity against Plant Pathogens of Metabolites from the Endophytic Fungus Cladosporium cladosporioides SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Cladosporium cladosporioides; antifungal; Colletotrichum species; Phomopsis species; cladosporin; anthracnose ID PHOMOPSIS-OBSCURANS; BIOLOGICAL-ACTIVITY; PRODUCTS; GROWTH AB Bioassay-guided fractionation of Cladosporium cladosporioides (Fresen.) de Vries extracts led to the isolation of four compounds, including cladosporin, 1; isocladosporin, 2; 5'-hydroxyasperentin, 3; and cladosporin-8-methyl ether, 4. An additional compound, 5',6-diacetylcladosporin, 5, was synthesized by acetylation of compound 3. Compounds 1-5 were evaluated for antifungal activity against plant pathogens. Phomopsis viticola was the most sensitive fungus to the tested compounds. At 30 mu M, compound 1 exhibited 927, 90.1, 95.4, and 79.9% growth inhibition against Colletotrichum acutatum, Colletotrichum fragariae, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, and P. viticola, respectively. Compound 2 showed 50.4, 60.2, and 83.0% growth inhibition at 30 mu M against Co. fragariae, Co. gloeosporioides, and P. viticola, respectively. Compounds 3 and 4 were isolated for the first time from Cl. cladosporioides. Moreover, the identification of essential structural features of the cladosporin nuclei has also been evaluated. These structures provide new templates for the potential treatment and management of plant diseases. C1 [Wang, Xiaoning; Tarawneh, Amer H.; Gao, Jiangtao; Cutler, Stephen J.] Univ Mississippi, Dept Med Chem, University, MS 38677 USA. [Radwan, Mohamed M.] Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA. [Wedge, David E.] Univ Mississippi, Agr Res Serv, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, USDA, University, MS 38677 USA. [Rosa, Luiz H.] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Inst Ciencias Biol, Dept Microbiol, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. [Cutler, Horace G.] Mercer Univ, Coll Pharm & Hlth Sci, Nat Prod Discovery Grp, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Cutler, SJ (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Dept Med Chem, University, MS 38677 USA. EM cutler@olemiss.edu RI wang, xiaoning/B-9133-2015; OI wang, xiaoning/0000-0001-7877-9964; Radwan, Mohamed/0000-0002-7393-8601 FU National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS), a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) [P20GM104931]; NIH National Center for Research Resources [C06 RR-14503-01]; Conselho Nacional of Desenvolvimento Cientifico and Tecnologico (CNPq) FX This study was supported by Grant P20GM104931 from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS), a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official view of NIGMS or NIH. This investigation was conducted in a facility constructed with support from research facilities improvement program C06 RR-14503-01 from the NIH National Center for Research Resources. Visiting Scholar Dr. L. H. Rosa was financially supported by the Conselho Nacional of Desenvolvimento Cientifico and Tecnologico (CNPq). NR 28 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 55 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAY 15 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 19 BP 4551 EP 4555 DI 10.1021/jf400212y PG 5 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 148NE UT WOS:000319250500010 PM 23651409 ER PT J AU Bliss, DZ Weimer, PJ Jung, HJG Savik, K AF Bliss, Donna Z. Weimer, Paul J. Jung, Hans-Joachim G. Savik, Kay TI In Vitro Degradation and Fermentation of Three Dietary Fiber Sources by Human Colonic Bacteria SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE dietary fiber; fiber degradation and fermentation in humans ID FATTY-ACID PRODUCTION; ENTERAL NUTRITION; FECAL MICROBIOTA; HEALTHY HUMANS; GAS-PRODUCTION; INVITRO; SUPPLEMENTATION; FERMENTABILITY; DIGESTIBILITY; DIVERSITY AB Although clinical benefits of dietary fiber supplementation seem to depend partially on the extent of fiber degradation and fermentation by colonic bacteria, little is known about the effect of supplemental fiber type on bacterial metabolism. In an experiment using a nonadapted human bacterial population from three normal subjects, the extent of in vitro fermentation was greater for gum arabic (GA) than for psyllium (PSY), which was greater than that for carboxymethylcellulose (CMC). In a separate experiment, in vitro incubation with feces from 52 subjects with fecal incontinence, before and after random assignment to and consumption of one of three fiber (GA, PSY, or CMC) supplements or a placebo for 20-21 days, indicated that prior consumption of a specific fiber source did not increase its degradation by fecal bacteria. Results suggest that the colonic microbial community enriched on a particular fiber substrate can rapidly adapt to the presentation of a new fiber substrate. Clinical implications of the findings are that intake of a fiber source by humans is not expected to result in bacterial adaptation that would require continually larger and eventually intolerable amounts of fiber to achieve therapeutic benefits. C1 [Bliss, Donna Z.; Savik, Kay] Univ Minnesota, Sch Nursing, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Weimer, Paul J.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Jung, Hans-Joachim G.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Jung, Hans-Joachim G.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Bliss, DZ (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Sch Nursing, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM bliss@umn.edu FU National Institute of Nursing Research, NIH [R01 NR07756] FX This study was funded by the National Institute of Nursing Research, NIH, R01 NR07756. NR 40 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 22 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAY 15 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 19 BP 4614 EP 4621 DI 10.1021/jf3054017 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 148NE UT WOS:000319250500019 PM 23556460 ER PT J AU Dawson, HD Loveland, JE Pascal, G Gilbert, JGR Uenishi, H Mann, KM Sang, YM Zhang, J Carvalho-Silva, D Hunt, T Hardy, M Hu, ZL Zhao, SH Anselmo, A Shinkai, H Chen, C Badaoui, B Berman, D Amid, C Kay, M Lloyd, D Snow, C Morozumi, T Cheng, RPY Bystrom, M Kapetanovic, R Schwartz, JC Kataria, R Astley, M Fritz, E Steward, C Thomas, M Wilming, L Toki, D Archibald, AL Bed'Hom, B Beraldi, D Huang, TH Ait-Ali, T Blecha, F Botti, S Freeman, TC Giuffra, E Hume, DA Lunney, JK Murtaugh, MP Reecy, JM Harrow, JL Rogel-Gaillard, C Tuggle, CK AF Dawson, Harry D. Loveland, Jane E. Pascal, Geraldine Gilbert, James G. R. Uenishi, Hirohide Mann, Katherine M. Sang, Yongming Zhang, Jie Carvalho-Silva, Denise Hunt, Toby Hardy, Matthew Hu, Zhiliang Zhao, Shu-Hong Anselmo, Anna Shinkai, Hiroki Chen, Celine Badaoui, Bouabid Berman, Daniel Amid, Clara Kay, Mike Lloyd, David Snow, Catherine Morozumi, Takeya Cheng, Ryan Pei-Yen Bystrom, Megan Kapetanovic, Ronan Schwartz, John C. Kataria, Ranjit Astley, Matthew Fritz, Eric Steward, Charles Thomas, Mark Wilming, Laurens Toki, Daisuke Archibald, Alan L. Bed'Hom, Bertrand Beraldi, Dario Huang, Ting-Hua Ait-Ali, Tahar Blecha, Frank Botti, Sara Freeman, Tom C. Giuffra, Elisabetta Hume, David A. Lunney, Joan K. Murtaugh, Michael P. Reecy, James M. Harrow, Jennifer L. Rogel-Gaillard, Claire Tuggle, Christopher K. TI Structural and functional annotation of the porcine immunome SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Immune response; Porcine; Genome annotation; Co-expression network; Phylogenetic analysis; Accelerated evolution ID ANTIBODY REPERTOIRE DEVELOPMENT; GENE-EXPRESSION; BIOMEDICAL MODEL; GENOME SEQUENCE; INTEGRATED MAP; PIG GENOME; SWINE; INFECTION; EVOLUTION; LOCUS AB Background: The domestic pig is known as an excellent model for human immunology and the two species share many pathogens. Susceptibility to infectious disease is one of the major constraints on swine performance, yet the structure and function of genes comprising the pig immunome are not well-characterized. The completion of the pig genome provides the opportunity to annotate the pig immunome, and compare and contrast pig and human immune systems. Results: The Immune Response Annotation Group (IRAG) used computational curation and manual annotation of the swine genome assembly 10.2 (Sscrofa10.2) to refine the currently available automated annotation of 1,369 immunity-related genes through sequence-based comparison to genes in other species. Within these genes, we annotated 3,472 transcripts. Annotation provided evidence for gene expansions in several immune response families, and identified artiodactyl-specific expansions in the cathelicidin and type 1 Interferon families. We found gene duplications for 18 genes, including 13 immune response genes and five non-immune response genes discovered in the annotation process. Manual annotation provided evidence for many new alternative splice variants and 8 gene duplications. Over 1,100 transcripts without porcine sequence evidence were detected using cross-species annotation. We used a functional approach to discover and accurately annotate porcine immune response genes. A co-expression clustering analysis of transcriptomic data from selected experimental infections or immune stimulations of blood, macrophages or lymph nodes identified a large cluster of genes that exhibited a correlated positive response upon infection across multiple pathogens or immune stimuli. Interestingly, this gene cluster (cluster 4) is enriched for known general human immune response genes, yet contains many un-annotated porcine genes. A phylogenetic analysis of the encoded proteins of cluster 4 genes showed that 15% exhibited an accelerated evolution as compared to 4.1% across the entire genome. Conclusions: This extensive annotation dramatically extends the genome-based knowledge of the molecular genetics and structure of a major portion of the porcine immunome. Our complementary functional approach using co-expression during immune response has provided new putative immune response annotation for over 500 porcine genes. Our phylogenetic analysis of this core immunome cluster confirms rapid evolutionary change in this set of genes, and that, as in other species, such genes are important components of the pig's adaptation to pathogen challenge over evolutionary time. These comprehensive and integrated analyses increase the value of the porcine genome sequence and provide important tools for global analyses and data-mining of the porcine immune response. C1 [Dawson, Harry D.; Chen, Celine] USDA ARS, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Loveland, Jane E.; Gilbert, James G. R.; Carvalho-Silva, Denise; Hunt, Toby; Hardy, Matthew; Amid, Clara; Kay, Mike; Lloyd, David; Snow, Catherine; Astley, Matthew; Steward, Charles; Thomas, Mark; Wilming, Laurens; Harrow, Jennifer L.] Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Dept Informat, Hinxton CB10 1SA, Cambs, England. [Pascal, Geraldine] INRA, Physiol Reprod & Comportements UMR85, F-37380 Nouzilly, France. [Uenishi, Hirohide; Shinkai, Hiroki] Natl Inst Agrobiol Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058602, Japan. [Mann, Katherine M.; Berman, Daniel; Lunney, Joan K.] USDA ARS BA Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Sang, Yongming; Blecha, Frank] Kansas State Univ, Dept Anat & Physiol, Coll Vet Med, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Zhang, Jie; Zhao, Shu-Hong] Huazhong Agr Univ, Lab Anim Genet Breeding & Reprod, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China. [Hu, Zhiliang; Cheng, Ryan Pei-Yen; Bystrom, Megan; Fritz, Eric; Huang, Ting-Hua; Reecy, James M.; Tuggle, Christopher K.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Anselmo, Anna; Badaoui, Bouabid; Botti, Sara; Giuffra, Elisabetta] Parco Tecnol Padano, Integrat Biol Unit, I-26900 Lodi, Italy. [Morozumi, Takeya; Toki, Daisuke] Inst Japan Assoc Technol Agr Forestry & Fisheries, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050854, Japan. [Kapetanovic, Ronan; Archibald, Alan L.; Ait-Ali, Tahar; Freeman, Tom C.; Hume, David A.] Univ Edinburgh, Roslin Inst, Easter Bush EH25 9RG, Midlothian, Scotland. [Kapetanovic, Ronan; Archibald, Alan L.; Ait-Ali, Tahar; Freeman, Tom C.; Hume, David A.] Univ Edinburgh, Royal Dick Sch Vet Studies, Easter Bush EH25 9RG, Midlothian, Scotland. [Schwartz, John C.; Beraldi, Dario; Murtaugh, Michael P.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Vet & Biomed Sci, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Kataria, Ranjit] Natl Bur Anim Genet Resources, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India. [Bed'Hom, Bertrand; Giuffra, Elisabetta; Rogel-Gaillard, Claire] INRA, Genet Anim & Biol Integrat UMR1313, F-78350 Jouy En Josas, France. RP Rogel-Gaillard, C (reprint author), INRA, Genet Anim & Biol Integrat UMR1313, F-78350 Jouy En Josas, France. EM claire.rogel-gaillard@jouy.inra.fr; cktuggle@iastate.edu RI Dawson, Harry/H-8242-2013; Giuffra, Elisabetta/I-3201-2013; PASCAL, Geraldine/L-4519-2013; kapetanovic, ronan/G-8322-2012; Giuffra, Elisabetta/J-8080-2014; Bed'Hom, Bertrand/G-7313-2011; OI Archibald, Alan/0000-0001-9213-1830; Bed'Hom, Bertrand/0000-0002-0825-0886; Hunt, Toby/0000-0001-8377-0841; Amid, Clara/0000-0001-6534-7425; Schwartz, John C/0000-0003-2057-1831; Wilming, Laurens/0000-0002-4154-7358; Gilbert, James/0000-0001-8079-3159; Carvalho Silva, Denise/0000-0001-5662-1840; Snow, Catherine/0000-0002-1672-3532 FU NIH [P20-RR017686, T32 AI83196]; USDA-NRSP8 Bioinformatics Coordination; USDA-NRSP8 Pig Genome Coordination funds; US-UK Fulbright Commission; INRA, Animal Genetics Department funds; USDA/ARS [1235-51000-055-00D]; MAFF [1201]; BBSRC [BB/E010520/1, BB/E010520/2, BB/I025328/1, BB/G004013/1]; EC; Cutting edge genomics for sustainable animal breeding (SABRE); USDA AFRI NIFA/DHS [2010-39559-21860]; USDA ARS [1245-32000-098]; USDA ARS Beltsville Area Summer Undergraduate Fellowships; NSFC [2013AA102502, 31025026]; US National Pork Board [10-139]; USDA-NIFA PRRS CAP2 [2008-55620-19132]; Wellcome Trust [098051]; MAFF Grant [IRPPIAUGT-AG1201/2101]; Progetto AGER [2011-0279]; PoRRSCon project [245141]; [USDA-NRI-2009-35205-05192]; [USDA-NRI-2006-35204-17337] FX We thank Christelle Hennequet-Antier (INRA) for her advice and help for the q value computations and David Enard (Stanford University) for his advice and information on positive selection of whole genomes. We thank Danielle Goodband for her excellent technical support, and the COBRE core facilities in the Department of Anatomy and Physiology at Kansas State University (funded by NIH P20-RR017686) for technical and equipment support. We thank Yasaira Rodriguez Torres for help with Otterlace annotations. We acknowledge funding from the following sources:; USDA-NRSP8 Bioinformatics Coordination (JMR, ZH, EF, CKT, JKL, RPYC, MB); USDA-NRSP8 Pig Genome Coordination funds (CKT, JKL, RPYC, MB); USDA-NRI-2009-35205-05192 and US-UK Fulbright Commission (CKT); INRA, Animal Genetics Department funds (CRG); USDA/ARS Project Plan #1235-51000-055-00D (HDD); MAFF grant (Integrated research project for plant, insect and animal using genome technology, No. 1201) (HU); BBSRC grants (Ensembl): BB/E010520/1, BB/E010520/2, BB/I025328/1 and EC FP6; "Cutting edge genomics for sustainable animal breeding (SABRE)" (A. Archibald); USDA-NRI-2006-35204-17337, USDA AFRI NIFA/DHS 2010-39559-21860 and NIH P20-RR017686 (YS and FB); USDA ARS Project Plan #1245-32000-098 (JKL, KMM, DB); USDA ARS Beltsville Area Summer Undergraduate Fellowships (KMM, DB); BBSRC Grant BB/G004013/1 (RK); NSFC Outstanding Youth and 863 (2013AA102502) grant (31025026) (SHZ and JZ); US National Pork Board grant 10-139, USDA-NIFA PRRS CAP2 award 2008-55620-19132, and NIH T32 AI83196 fellowship (JCS and MPM); Wellcome Trust Grant 098051 (JEL, JLH, DCS, TH); MAFF Grant IRPPIAUGT-AG1201/2101 (HU, TM, HS, DT); Progetto AGER, grant no. 2011-0279, PoRRSCon project, grant no. 245141 (SB, BB, EG) NR 85 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 30 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD MAY 15 PY 2013 VL 14 AR 332 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-14-332 PG 16 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 148EW UT WOS:000319226900001 PM 23676093 ER PT J AU Ye, M Huang, YX Gurtler, JB Niemira, BA Sites, JE Chen, HQ AF Ye, Mu Huang, Yaoxin Gurtler, Joshua B. Niemira, Brendan A. Sites, Joseph E. Chen, Haiqiang TI Effects of pre- or post-processing storage conditions on high-hydrostatic pressure inactivation of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus in oysters SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE High-hydrostatic pressure; Vibrio parahaemolyticus; Vibrio vulnificus; Cold storage; Oyster ID PHOSPHATE-BUFFERED SALINE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157H7; CRASSOSTREA-VIRGINICA; FROZEN STORAGE; PACIFIC OYSTERS; WHOLE OYSTERS; PURE CULTURE; RAW OYSTERS; GROUND-BEEF; MILD HEAT AB The effects of storage conditions on subsequent high-hydrostatic pressure (HHP) inactivation of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus in oysters were investigated. Live oysters were inoculated with V. parahaemolyticus or V. vulnificus to ca. 7-8 log MPN/g by feeding and stored at varying conditions (i.e., 21 or 35 degrees C for 5 h, 4 or 10 degrees C for 1 and 2 days and -18 degrees C for 2 weeks). Oyster meats were then treated at 225-300 MPa for 2 min at 4, 21 or 35 degrees C. HHP at 300 MPa for 2 min achieved a >5-log MPN/g reduction of V. parahaemolyticus, completely inactivating V. vulnificus (negative by enrichment) in oysters. Treatment temperatures of 4, 21 and 35 degrees C did not significantly affect pressure inactivation of V. parahaemolyticus or V. vulnificus (P>0.05). Cold storage at -18, 4 and 10 degrees C, prior to HHP, decreased V. parahaemolyticus or V. vulnificus populations by 1.5-3.0 log MPN/g, but did not increase their sensitivity to subsequent HHP treatments. The effects of cold storage after HHP on inactivation of V. parahaemolyticus in oysters were also determined. Oysters were inoculated with V. parahaemolyticus and stored at 21 degrees C for 5 h or 4 degrees C for 1 day. Oyster meats were then treated at 250-300 MPa for 2 min at 21 or 35 degrees C and stored for 15 days in ice or in a freezer. V. parahaemolyticus populations in HHP-treated oysters gradually decreased during post-HHP ice or frozen storage. A validation study using whole-shell oysters was conducted to determine whether the presence of oyster shells influenced HHP inactivation of V. parahaemolyticus. No appreciable differences in inactivation between shucked oyster meat and whole-shell oysters were observed. HPP at 300 MPa for 2 min at 21 degrees C, followed by 5-day ice storage or 7-day frozen storage, and HPP at 250 MPa for 2 min at 21 degrees C, followed by 10-day ice or 7-day frozen storage, completely inactivated V. parahaemolyticus in whole-shell oysters (>7 log reductions). The combination of HHP at a relatively low pressure (e.g., 250 MPa) followed by short-term frozen storage (7 days) could potentially be applied by the shellfish industry as a post-harvest process to eliminate V. parahaemolyticus in oysters. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Ye, Mu; Huang, Yaoxin; Chen, Haiqiang] Univ Delaware, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Gurtler, Joshua B.; Niemira, Brendan A.; Sites, Joseph E.] USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Chen, HQ (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM haiqiang@udel.edu OI Ye, Mu/0000-0003-0178-5308 FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program of the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, NIFA [2011-68003-30005] FX This project was supported by the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program of the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, NIFA award no: 2011-68003-30005. The authors are grateful to Dr. Peggy M. Tomasula for the use of the HHP unit at the USDA-ERRC. NR 48 TC 10 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 46 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1605 J9 INT J FOOD MICROBIOL JI Int. J. Food Microbiol. PD MAY 15 PY 2013 VL 163 IS 2-3 BP 146 EP 152 DI 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.02.019 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA 148ME UT WOS:000319247900013 PM 23545264 ER PT J AU Harrington, TB Slesak, RA Schoenholtz, SH AF Harrington, Timothy B. Slesak, Robert A. Schoenholtz, Stephen H. TI Variation in logging debris cover influences competitor abundance, resource availability, and early growth of planted Douglas-fir SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Vegetation management; Soil productivity; Microclimate ID ORGANIC-MATTER REMOVAL; HARVESTING RESIDUE TREATMENT; VEGETATION CONTROL; SOIL COMPACTION; WHOLE-TREE; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; SPRUCE PLANTATIONS; NITROGEN; BIOMASS; PRODUCTIVITY AB Logging debris remaining after timber harvest can modify the microclimate and growing conditions for forest regeneration. Debris also can influence tree seedlings indirectly through its effects on development of competing vegetation, although the mechanisms are poorly understood. At two sites in Washington and Oregon (USA) that differed in availability of soil water and nutrients, mechanisms were studied by which logging debris and competing vegetation interacted to influence performance of planted Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco var. menziesii) seedlings. In a split-plot design, two levels of competing vegetation (presence and absence) and three covers of logging debris (0%, 40%, and 80%) were replicated eight times at each site on 2 x 2-m areas centered on individual Douglas-fir seedlings. Vegetation abundance, seedling growth, and resource availability were monitored for 4 years (2005-2008). Soil water depletion was lower and Douglas-fir water potential and foliar nitrogen were higher in the absence of competing vegetation, resulting in increased seedling growth. The highest seedling growth rates and foliar nitrogen contents occurred where absence of vegetation was combined with 80% debris cover. Where competing vegetation was present, 40% debris cover was associated with decreases in herb cover and soil water depletion and increases in seedling growth relative to 0% or 80% debris covers. At the Washington site where soil quality was lower, the combination of presence of vegetation and 80% debris cover was associated with a 2.4 degrees C average reduction in summer soil temperatures at 15 cm depth, reduced foliar nitrogen content, and the slowest rates of seedling growth. Potential effects of logging debris, such as mulching (i.e., reduced evaporation of soil water) and interception loss (i.e., reduced precipitation inputs), were minor to non-detectable from sensors buried at 20-40 cm soil depth. Results of the research suggest that retention of moderate levels of logging debris (i.e., 40% cover) after forest harvesting in the Pacific Northwest is likely to increase early growth of Douglas-fir by increasing soil water availability through reduced herb abundance. Where intensive vegetation control is practiced, retention of higher debris levels (i.e., 80% cover) may provide further benefits to seedling growth. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Harrington, Timothy B.] Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA Forest Serv, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. [Slesak, Robert A.] Minnesota Forest Resources Council, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Schoenholtz, Stephen H.] Virginia Tech, Coll Nat Resources & Environm, Virginia Water Resources Res Ctr, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Harrington, TB (reprint author), Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA Forest Serv, 3625 93rd Ave Southwest, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. EM tharrington@fs.fed.us; raslesak@umn.edu; stephen.schoenholtz@vt.edu FU USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station; Green Diamond Resource Company; Port Blakely Tree Farms LLC; Oregon State University; Virginia Tech FX This is a product of the Sustainable Forestry component of Agenda 2020, a joint effort of the USDA Forest Service Research and Development and the American Forest and Paper Association. Funds were provided by the USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, Green Diamond Resource Company, Port Blakely Tree Farms LLC, Oregon State University, and Virginia Tech. The authors are especially grateful to Randall Greggs and Jeff Madsen for providing critical financial and logistical support that made this study possible. Special thanks to J. Dollins, D. Stephens, B. Korman, D. Livada, and W. Devine for assisting with field and laboratory measurements. Two anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments for which we are also grateful. NR 51 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD MAY 15 PY 2013 VL 296 BP 41 EP 52 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.01.033 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 134LE UT WOS:000318210900005 ER PT J AU Han, JQ Zhou, CJ French, AD Han, GP Wu, QL AF Han, Jingquan Zhou, Chengjun French, Alfred D. Han, Guangping Wu, Qinglin TI Characterization of cellulose II nanoparticles regenerated from 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride SO CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS LA English DT Article DE Ionic liquid; Crystal structure; Microcrystalline cellulose; Cotton; Regeneration; Dissolution ID IONIC LIQUID; ENZYMATIC SACCHARIFICATION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; BACTERIAL CELLULOSE; ACID-HYDROLYSIS; DISSOLUTION; FIBERS; NANOCRYSTALS; SYSTEMS; PRETREATMENTS AB Regenerated cellulose nanoparticles (RCNs) including both elongated fiber and spherical structures were prepared from microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and cotton using 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride followed by high-pressure homogenization. The crystalline structure of RCNs was cellulose II in contrast to the cellulose I form of the starting materials. Also, the RCNs have decreased crystallinity and crystallite size. The elongated RCNs produced from cotton and MCC had average lengths of 123 +/- 34 and 112 +/- 42 nm, and mean widths of 12 +/- 5 and 12 +/- 3 nm, respectively. The average diameter of spherical RCNs from MCC was 118 +/- 32 nm. The dimensions of the various RCNs were all well fitted with an asymmetrical log-normal distribution function. The RCN has a two-step pyrolysis, different from raw MCC and cotton that have a one-step process. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Han, Jingquan; Zhou, Chengjun; Wu, Qinglin] Louisiana State Univ, AgCtr, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [French, Alfred D.] USDA ARS, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Han, Guangping] Northeast Forestry Univ, Mat Sci & Engn Coll, Harbin 150040, Peoples R China. RP Wu, QL (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, AgCtr, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM qwu@agcenter.lsu.edu RI Zhou, Chengjun/C-6947-2012 OI Zhou, Chengjun/0000-0002-6192-3517 FU Louisiana Board of Regents [LEQSF-EPS(2013)-PFUND-318]; USDA NIFA [2008-38814-04771]; Chinese Scholarship Council (CSC) [2009660015]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31070505] FX The authors are thankful for the financial support from Louisiana Board of Regents [LEQSF-EPS(2013)-PFUND-318], USDA NIFA (Award No. 2008-38814-04771), Chinese Scholarship Council (CSC No.: 2009660015), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant no. 31070505). NR 38 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 80 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0144-8617 J9 CARBOHYD POLYM JI Carbohydr. Polym. PD MAY 15 PY 2013 VL 94 IS 2 BP 773 EP 781 DI 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.02.003 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Organic; Polymer Science SC Chemistry; Polymer Science GA 130US UT WOS:000317946200008 PM 23544632 ER PT J AU Yakirevich, A Pachepsky, YA Guber, AK Gish, TJ Shelton, DR Cho, KH AF Yakirevich, A. Pachepsky, Y. A. Guber, A. K. Gish, T. J. Shelton, D. R. Cho, K. H. TI Modeling transport of Escherichia coli in a creek during and after artificial high-flow events: Three-year study and analysis SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Numerical modeling; Escherichia coli; Creek; Sediment; Resuspension; High-flow ID FECAL INDICATOR BACTERIA; WATER-QUALITY; SOLUTE TRANSPORT; TRANSIENT STORAGE; SHEAR-STRESS; FRESH-WATER; SEDIMENT; PATHOGENS; PARTICLES; STREAMS AB Escherichia coli is the leading indicator of microbial contamination of natural waters, and so its in-stream fate and transport needs to be understood to eventually minimize surface water contamination by microorganisms. To better understand mechanisms of E. coli release and transport from soil sediment in a creek the artificial high-water flow events were created by releasing 60-80 m(3) of city water on a tarp-covered stream bank in four equal allotments in July 2008, 2009 and 2010. A conservative tracer difluorobenzoic acid (DFBA) was added to the released water in 2009 and 2010. Water flow rate, E. coli and DFBA concentrations as well as water turbidity were monitored with automated samplers at three in-stream weirs. A one-dimensional model was applied to simulate water flow, and E. coli and DFBA transport during these experiments. The Saint Venant equations were used to calculate water depth and discharge while a stream solute transport model accounted for release of bacteria by shear stress from bottom sediments, advection-dispersion, and exchange with transient storage (TS). Reach-specific model parameters were estimated by evaluating observed time series of flow rates and concentrations of DFBA and E. coli at all three weir stations. Observed DFBA and E. coli breakthrough curves (BTC) exhibited long tails after the water pulse and tracer peaks had passed indicating that transient storage (TS) might be an important element of the in-stream transport process. Comparison of simulated and measured E. coli concentrations indicated that significant release of E. coli continued when water flow returned to the base level after the water pulse passed and bottom shear stress was small. The mechanism of bacteria continuing release from sediment could be the erosive boundary layer exchange enhanced by changes in biofilm properties by erosion and sloughing detachment. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Yakirevich, A.] Ben Gurion Univ Negev, J Blaustein Inst Desert Res, Zuckerberg Inst Water Res, IL-84990 Sede Boqer, Israel. [Pachepsky, Y. A.; Shelton, D. R.] ARS, USDA, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Guber, A. K.] Michigan State Univ, Dep Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Gish, T. J.] ARS, USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Cho, K. H.] UNIST, Sch Urban & Environm Engn, Ulsan 698805, South Korea. RP Pachepsky, YA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 173, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM yakov.pachepsky@ars.usda.gov OI Pachepsky, Yakov/0000-0003-0232-6090 NR 68 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 5 U2 72 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD MAY 15 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 8 BP 2676 EP 2688 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2013.02.011 PG 13 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 132EY UT WOS:000318051900006 PM 23521976 ER PT J AU Linn, RR Sieg, CH Hoffman, CM Winterkamp, JL McMillin, JD AF Linn, Rodman R. Sieg, Carolyn H. Hoffman, Chad M. Winterkamp, Judith L. McMillin, Joel D. TI Modeling wind fields and fire propagation following bark beetle outbreaks in spatially-heterogeneous pinyon-juniper woodland fuel complexes SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Heterogeneous woodlands; Bark beetle tree mortality; Fire behavior; FIRETEC; Wind turbulence ID LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION; NEUTRALLY STRATIFIED FLOW; TURBULENT-FLOW; FOREST EDGE; CROWN FIRE; LODGEPOLE PINE; MOUNTAIN PINE; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; CANOPY STRUCTURE; FOLIAR DENSITY AB We used a physics-based model, HIGRAD/FIRETEC, to explore changes in within-stand wind behavior and fire propagation associated with three time periods in pinyon-juniper woodlands following a drought-induced bark beetle outbreak and subsequent tree mortality. Pinyon-juniper woodland fuel complexes are highly heterogeneous. Trees often are clumped, with sparse patches of herbaceous vegetation scattered between clumps. Extensive stands of dead pinyon trees intermixed with live junipers raised concerns about increased fire hazard, especially immediately after the trees died and dead needles remained in the trees, and later when the needles had dropped to the ground. Studying fire behavior in such conditions requires accounting for the impacts of the evolving heterogeneous nature of the woodlands and its influence on winds that drive fires. For this reason we used a coupled atmosphere/fire model, HIGRAD/FIRETEC, to examine the evolving stand structure effects on wind penetration through the stand and subsequent fire propagation in these highly heterogeneous woodlands. Specifically, we studied how these interactions changed in woodlands without tree mortality, in the first year when dried needles clung to the dead trees, and when the needles dropped to the ground under two ambient wind speeds. Our simulations suggest that low wind speeds of 2.5 m/s at 7.5-m height were not sufficient to carry the fire through the discontinuous woodland stands without mortality, but 4.5 m/s winds at 7.5-m height were sufficient to carry the fire. Fire propagation speed increased two-fold at these low wind speeds when dead needles were on the trees compared to live woodlands. When dead needles fell to the ground, fine fuel loadings were increased and ambient wind penetration was increased enough to sustain burning even at low wind speeds. At the higher ambient wind speeds, fire propagation in woodlands with dead needles on the trees also increased by a factor of 2 over propagation in live woodlands. These simulations indicate that sparse fuels in these heterogeneous woodlands can be overcome in three ways: by decreasing fuel moisture content of the needles with the death of the trees, by moving canopy dead needles to the ground and thus allowing greater wind penetration and turbulent flow into the woodland canopy, and increasing above-canopy wind speeds. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Linn, Rodman R.; Winterkamp, Judith L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Earth & Environm Sci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Sieg, Carolyn H.] ARS, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Hoffman, Chad M.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Forest & Rangeland Stewardship, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [McMillin, Joel D.] ARS, USDA, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Linn, RR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Earth & Environm Sci Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM rrl@lanl.gov; csieg@fs.fed.us; c.hoffman@colostate.edu; judyw@lanl.gov; jmcmillin@fs.fed.us OI Hoffman, Chad/0000-0001-8715-937X FU National Fire Plan dollars; Apache-Sitgreaves; Coconino; Kaibab National Forests; Los Alamos National Laboratory and Research Joint Venture [09-IA-11221633-215, 09-JV-11221633-325]; University of Idaho; USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Monitoring, Evaluation Monitoring [INT-F-07-01] FX This research was funded by National Fire Plan dollars as directed by USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station and Washington Office, Interagency Agreement 09-IA-11221633-215 with Los Alamos National Laboratory and Research Joint Venture 09-JV-11221633-325 with University of Idaho; USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Monitoring, Evaluation Monitoring grant INT-F-07-01; USDA Forest Service Southwestern Region, Forest Health; and Los Alamos National Laboratory. Los Alamos National Laboratory's Institutional Computing Program provided computational resources. Christian Hoffman and Christopher Looney helped collect and enter field data. We also thank the Apache-Sitgreaves, Coconino, and Kaibab National Forests for their support of this research. NR 78 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1923 J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL JI Agric. For. Meteorol. PD MAY 15 PY 2013 VL 173 BP 139 EP 153 DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2012.11.007 PG 15 WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 120LG UT WOS:000317171200013 ER PT J AU Meddens, AJH Hicke, JA Vierling, LA Hudak, AT AF Meddens, Arjan J. H. Hicke, Jeffrey A. Vierling, Lee A. Hudak, Andrew T. TI Evaluating methods to detect bark beetle-caused tree mortality using single-date and multi-date Landsat imagery SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Landsat; Remote sensing; Single-date; Multi-date; Time series; Bark beetles; Forest disturbance; Classification ID RED-ATTACK DAMAGE; RESOLUTION SATELLITE IMAGERY; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; FOREST DISTURBANCE; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; LODGEPOLE PINE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; INFESTATION; DYNAMICS; OUTBREAK AB Bark beetles cause significant tree mortality in coniferous forests across North America. Mapping beetle-caused tree mortality is therefore important for gauging impacts to forest ecosystems and assessing trends. Remote sensing offers the potential for accurate, repeatable estimates of tree mortality in outbreak areas. With the advancement of multi-temporal disturbance detection methods using Landsat data, the capability exists for improvement in mapping methods, yet more information is needed to determine the accuracy of these methods for mapping forest disturbances and to quantify differences between these methods and single-date image classification methods. We compared single-date (using maximum likelihood classification) to multi-date (using time series of spectral indices) classification methods of Landsat imagery and investigated how detection accuracy changed with varying levels of mortality severity. For each method, we evaluated several bands and/or spectral vegetation indices and identified the one that resulted in the highest accuracy. A fine-resolution classified aerial image within the Landsat scene was used as reference data for evaluation and comparison between methods. For the single-date image classification, we achieved a 91.0% (kappa = 0.88) overall accuracy with 11.7% omission and 23% commission errors for the red stage (tree mortality) class using the tasseled cap transformation indices of brightness, greenness, and wetness. For the multi-date analysis, the Band5/Band4 anomaly produced the highest accuracy among spectral indices and resulted in a 89.6% (kappa = 0.86) classification accuracy with 12.6% omission and 7.1% commission errors for the red stage class. We compared accuracies between the best single- and multi-date methods across a range of tree mortality within a pixel. The multi-date method was more accurate at intermediate levels of tree mortality, whereas the single-date method was more accurate at high mortality levels. Our results indicate that Landsat-based mapping of forest disturbances that use either single-date or multi-date methods can result in high classification accuracy. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Meddens, Arjan J. H.; Hicke, Jeffrey A.] Univ Idaho, Dept Geog, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Vierling, Lee A.] Univ Idaho, Geospatial Lab Environm Dynam, Dept Forest Rangeland & Fire Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Hudak, Andrew T.] USDA, Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. RP Meddens, AJH (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Geog, 810 W 7th St,McClure Hall 203, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM ameddens@uidaho.edu; jhicke@uidaho.edu; leev@uidaho.edu; ahudak@fs.fed.us RI Hicke, Jeff/M-9677-2013; Vierling, Lee/E-6428-2010 OI Vierling, Lee/0000-0001-5344-1983 FU NOAA [NA09OAR4310194]; NSF ETBC [0910831]; Los Alamos National Laboratory; USDA Forest Service Western Wildland Environmental Threat Assessment Center; USGS LANDFIRE project FX This research was supported by NOAA grant NA09OAR4310194, NSF ETBC grant 0910831, Los Alamos National Laboratory, USDA Forest Service Western Wildland Environmental Threat Assessment Center, and a cooperative agreement with the USGS LANDFIRE project. We gratefully acknowledge helpful comments from three anonymous reviewers and thank the following people for discussions on research directions and algorithm development: James Vogelmann, Ben Bright, Jan Eitel, Steven Garrity, and Robert Kennedy. NR 54 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 6 U2 88 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD MAY 15 PY 2013 VL 132 BP 49 EP 58 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2013.01.002 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 115SE UT WOS:000316831400005 ER PT J AU Thorp, KR French, AN Rango, A AF Thorp, K. R. French, A. N. Rango, A. TI Effect of image spatial and spectral characteristics on mapping semi-arid rangeland vegetation using multiple endmember spectral mixture analysis (MESMA) SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE AVIRIS; CAI; Creosote; Grass; Hyperspectral; HyspIRI; Imaging spectroscopy; Mesquite; NDVI; Nonphotosynthetic; Spatial scale; Spectra ID NEW-MEXICO; JORNADA; VALIDATION; GRASSLAND; CANOPY; AVIRIS; COVER; INDEX; SOIL AB Encroachment of invasive shrubs into grassland areas on rangelands in the southwestern United States threatens the viability of livestock production and can severely alter hydrology and biodiversity. Novel remote sensing technologies may provide useful information for monitoring and remediating this threat. The objectives were to investigate multiple endmember spectral mixture analysis (MESMA) as an approach to map rangeland vegetation using hyperspectral remote sensing imagery and to test the sensitivity of MESMA to alternative image spatial resolutions and spectral waveband combinations. Data from two Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) overflights at the Jornada Experimental Range in southwestern New Mexico were used in the analysis. Endmember spectra were selected from a library of ground-based spectral observations collected with a field spectroradiometer. A 4-endmember MESMA was conducted for both AVIRIS images at their native spatial resolutions using 113 10-nm wavebands from 422 to 2339 nm. Additional MESMAs were conducted at 10 multiples of the images' native spatial resolution and for 6 alternative combinations of spectral waveband subregions. Maps of endmember fractional cover for green shrub vegetation, nonphotosynthetic grass vegetation, and bare soil were comparable to an earlier vegetation classification map of Jornada. MESMA fractional cover estimates for the green vegetation endmember were positively correlated with the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) with correlation coefficients (r) greater than 0.58. Correlation coefficients between the sum of the green and nonphotosynthetic vegetation endmembers and the cellulose absorption index (CAI) were greater than 0.59. Correlation coefficients between MESMA fractional green vegetation cover and NDVI from independent multispectral images were greater than 0.57. Despite losses in spatial detail at coarser image spatial resolutions, MESMA results for images with spatial resolution degraded by a factor of 10 (similar to 150 m) were similar to aggregated results for MESMA at the native spatial resolution (similar to 15 m). Additionally, MESMA results were shown to be substantially more sensitive to the spectral wavebands used in the analysis as compared to the spatial resolution of the images. Considered together, the MESMA results at Jornada indicated that fine spectral resolution with hyperspectral remote sensing was substantially more important than incremental changes in image spatial scale from 15 m to 150 m. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Thorp, K. R.; French, A. N.] USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [Rango, A.] New Mexico State Univ, USDA ARS, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Thorp, KR (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, 21881 N Cardon Ln, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. EM kelly.thorp@ars.usda.gov RI Thorp, Kelly/C-2013-2009 OI Thorp, Kelly/0000-0001-9168-875X FU NASA Headquarters, Science Mission Directorate, Research Opportunities in Space and Earth Sciences (ROSES) program FX This research was partially conducted with funds from the NASA Headquarters, Science Mission Directorate, Research Opportunities in Space and Earth Sciences (ROSES) program entitled HyspIRI Preparatory Activities Using Existing Imagery. The authors credit Dr. Jerry Ritchie (1937-2009), former Research Soil Scientist at USDA-ARS and long-term contributor at Jornada, for his efforts to collect and organize the ground-based spectral data used in this study. NR 25 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 6 U2 101 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD MAY 15 PY 2013 VL 132 BP 120 EP 130 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2013.01.008 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 115SE UT WOS:000316831400010 ER PT J AU Qin, JW Chao, KL Kim, MS AF Qin, Jianwei Chao, Kuanglin Kim, Moon S. TI Simultaneous detection of multiple adulterants in dry milk using macro-scale Raman chemical imaging SO FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Raman imaging; Quality and safety; Milk; Adulterant; Mixture analysis ID NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; POWDERED MILK; QUANTIFICATION; MELAMINE AB The potential of Raman chemical imaging for simultaneously detecting multiple adulterants in milk powder was investigated. Potential chemical adulterants, including ammonium sulphate, dicyandiamide, melamine, and urea, were mixed together into skim dry milk in the concentration range of 0.1-5.0% for each adulterant. Using a 785-nm laser, a Raman imaging system acquired hyperspectral images in the wavenumber range of 102-2538 cm(-1) for a 25 x 25 mm(2) area of each mixture sample, with a spatial resolution of 0.25 mm. Self-modelling mixture analysis (SMA) was used to extract pure component spectra, by which the four types of the adulterants were identified at all concentration levels based on their spectral information divergence values to the reference spectra. Raman chemical images were created using the contribution images from SMA, and their use to effectively visualise identification and spatial distribution of the multiple adulterant particles in the dry milk was demonstrated. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Qin, Jianwei; Chao, Kuanglin; Kim, Moon S.] ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Chao, KL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, EMFSL, BARC East, Bldg 303,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM kevin.chao@ars.usda.gov NR 16 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 4 U2 106 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-8146 J9 FOOD CHEM JI Food Chem. PD MAY 15 PY 2013 VL 138 IS 2-3 BP 998 EP 1007 DI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.10.115 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 105BB UT WOS:000316039500039 PM 23411206 ER PT J AU Melendez-Martinez, AJ Stinco, CM Liu, C Wang, XD AF Melendez-Martinez, Antonio J. Stinco, Carla M. Liu, Chun Wang, Xiang-Dong TI A simple HPLC method for the comprehensive analysis of cis/trans (Z/E) geometrical isomers of carotenoids for nutritional studies SO FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Carotenoids; cis/trans; Geometrical isomers; Humans; Lycopene; Phytoene; Phytofluene; Plasma; Serum ID TRANS-BETA-CAROTENE; ALL-TRANS; CIS-ISOMERS; VITAMIN-E; IN-VITRO; PLASMA-CONCENTRATIONS; SERUM CAROTENOIDS; ORANGE JUICE; LYCOPENE; LUTEIN AB Geometrical isomers of carotenoids behave differently in aspects like stability towards oxidants, bioavailability, vitamin A activity and specificity for enzymes. The availability of HPLC methods for their detailed profiling is therefore advisable to expand our knowledge on their metabolism and biological role. In this paper the development of a methodology to determine the highest number of geometrical isomers of major carotenoids in humans (phytoene, phytofluene, lutein, zeaxanthin, beta-cryptoxanthin, alpha-carotene, beta-carotene and lycopene) is described. To assess its usefulness with biological samples both postprandial human plasma and lung samples from ferrets were analysed. Up to 48 isomers of the main human carotenoids were separated in 62 min. This is to the best of our knowledge the report of the highest number of carotenoid geometrical isomers separated with a HPLC method. Twenty-six different carotenoid isomers were readily detected in the biological samples. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Melendez-Martinez, Antonio J.; Liu, Chun; Wang, Xiang-Dong] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr & Canc Biol Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Melendez-Martinez, Antonio J.; Stinco, Carla M.] Univ Seville, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, Fac Farm, Food Colour & Qual Lab, E-41012 Seville, Spain. RP Melendez-Martinez, AJ (reprint author), Univ Seville, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, Fac Farm, C-P Garcia Gonzalez 2, E-41012 Seville, Spain. EM ajmelendez@us.es; cstinco@us.es; chun.liu@tufts.edu; xiang-dong.wang@tufts.edu RI Melendez-Martinez, Antonio/B-7830-2008; Stinco, Carla/M-8621-2014 OI Melendez-Martinez, Antonio/0000-0002-1553-2427; Stinco, Carla/0000-0003-2743-9016 FU European Union [FP7-224789 INTERCAROT]; Spanish programs Ramon y Cajal; National Program for the Mobility of Human Resources [RYC-2010-07115, JC-2009-00176]; Universidad de Sevilla; CYTED [112RT0445] FX AJMM acknowledges funding from the European Union (FP7-224789 INTERCAROT) and the Spanish programs Ramon y Cajal and the National Program for the Mobility of Human Resources, refs. RYC-2010-07115 and JC-2009-00176. CMS holds a predoctoral research grant from Universidad de Sevilla. Quality technical assistance from Kang-Quan Hu is also acknowledged. AJMM and CMS are members of the IBERCAROT network, funded by CYTED (ref. 112RT0445). NR 59 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 103 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-8146 J9 FOOD CHEM JI Food Chem. PD MAY 15 PY 2013 VL 138 IS 2-3 BP 1341 EP 1350 DI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.10.067 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 105BB UT WOS:000316039500085 PM 23411252 ER PT J AU Cavanagh, CR Chao, SM Wang, SC Huang, BE Stephen, S Kiani, S Forrest, K Saintenac, C Brown-Guedira, GL Akhunova, A See, D Bai, GH Pumphrey, M Tomar, L Wong, DB Kong, S Reynolds, M da Silva, ML Bockelman, H Talbert, L Anderson, JA Dreisigacker, S Baenziger, S Carter, A Korzun, V Morrell, PL Dubcovsky, J Morell, MK Sorrells, ME Hayden, MJ Akhunov, E AF Cavanagh, Colin R. Chao, Shiaoman Wang, Shichen Huang, Bevan Emma Stephen, Stuart Kiani, Seifollah Forrest, Kerrie Saintenac, Cyrille Brown-Guedira, Gina L. Akhunova, Alina See, Deven Bai, Guihua Pumphrey, Michael Tomar, Luxmi Wong, Debbie Kong, Stephan Reynolds, Matthew da Silva, Marta Lopez Bockelman, Harold Talbert, Luther Anderson, James A. Dreisigacker, Susanne Baenziger, Stephen Carter, Arron Korzun, Viktor Morrell, Peter Laurent Dubcovsky, Jorge Morell, Matthew K. Sorrells, Mark E. Hayden, Matthew J. Akhunov, Eduard TI Genome-wide comparative diversity uncovers multiple targets of selection for improvement in hexaploid wheat landraces and cultivars SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE SNP genotyping; polyploid wheat; selection scans; wheat improvement; breeding history ID POPULATION-STRUCTURE; TRITICUM-AESTIVUM; GENETIC DIVERSITY; PHOTOPERIOD RESPONSE; NUCLEOTIDE DIVERSITY; VERNALIZATION GENES; POSITIVE SELECTION; GREEN-REVOLUTION; DART MARKERS; DOMESTICATION AB Domesticated crops experience strong human-mediated selection aimed at developing high-yielding varieties adapted to local conditions. To detect regions of the wheat genome subject to selection during improvement, we developed a high-throughput array to interrogate 9,000 gene-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in a worldwide sample of 2,994 accessions of hexaploid wheat including landraces and modern cultivars. Using a SNP-based diversity map we characterized the impact of crop improvement on genomic and geographic patterns of genetic diversity. We found evidence of a small population bottleneck and extensive use of ancestral variation often traceable to founders of cultivars from diverse geographic regions. Analyzing genetic differentiation among populations and the extent of haplotype sharing, we identified allelic variants subjected to selection during improvement. Selective sweeps were found around genes involved in the regulation of flowering time and phenology. An introgression of a wild relative-derived gene conferring resistance to a fungal pathogen was detected by haplotype-based analysis. Comparing selective sweeps identified in different populations, we show that selection likely acts on distinct targets or multiple functionally equivalent alleles in different portions of the geographic range of wheat. The majority of the selected alleles were present at low frequency in local populations, suggesting either weak selection pressure or temporal variation in the targets of directional selection during breeding probably associated with changing agricultural practices or environmental conditions. The developed SNP chip and map of genetic variation provide a resource for advancing wheat breeding and supporting future population genomic and genome-wide association studies in wheat. C1 [Cavanagh, Colin R.; Stephen, Stuart; Morell, Matthew K.] CSIRO, Plant Ind & Food Futures Natl Res Flagship, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Chao, Shiaoman] USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Wang, Shichen; Kiani, Seifollah; Saintenac, Cyrille; Akhunova, Alina; Akhunov, Eduard] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Huang, Bevan Emma] CSIRO, Food Futures Natl Res Flagship, Dutton Pk, Qld 4102, Australia. [Huang, Bevan Emma] CSIRO, Math Informat & Stat Div, Dutton Pk, Qld 4102, Australia. [Forrest, Kerrie; Wong, Debbie; Kong, Stephan; Hayden, Matthew J.] Victorian AgriBiosci Ctr, Dept Primary Ind Victoria, Bundoora, Vic 3083, Australia. [Brown-Guedira, Gina L.] USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Small Grains Genotyping Lab, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [See, Deven] USDA, Western Reg Small Grains Genotyping Lab, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Bai, Guihua] USDA ARS, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Pumphrey, Michael; Carter, Arron] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Tomar, Luxmi] Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agr Univ, Dept Mol Biol & Biotechnol, Hisar 125004, Haryana, India. [Reynolds, Matthew; da Silva, Marta Lopez; Dreisigacker, Susanne] Ctr Int Mejoramiento Maize & Trigo, Genet Resources & Enhancement Unit, Mexico City 06600, DF, Mexico. [Bockelman, Harold] USDA ARS, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Talbert, Luther] Montana State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Anderson, James A.; Morrell, Peter Laurent] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Baenziger, Stephen] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Korzun, Viktor] KWS Lochow GmbH, D-37555 Einbeck, Germany. [Dubcovsky, Jorge] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Dubcovsky, Jorge] Howard Hughes Med Inst, Chevy Chase, MD 20815 USA. [Sorrells, Mark E.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Hayden, MJ (reprint author), Victorian AgriBiosci Ctr, Dept Primary Ind Victoria, Bundoora, Vic 3083, Australia. EM matthew.hayden@dpi.vic.gov.au; eakhunov@ksu.edu RI Cavanagh, Colin/F-4347-2011; Morrell, Peter/E-2059-2011; Huang, Bevan/A-5949-2009; Wang, Shichen/E-6213-2012; Dubcovsky, Jorge/A-4969-2008; OI Morrell, Peter/0000-0001-6282-1582; Huang, Bevan/0000-0002-1981-5838; Wang, Shichen/0000-0003-1441-2252; Dubcovsky, Jorge/0000-0002-7571-4345; Lopes, Marta/0000-0002-7698-6019; Reynolds, Matthew Paul/0000-0002-4291-4316 FU US Department of Agriculture, Agriculture and Food Research Initiative [2009-65300-05638, 2011-68002-30029]; Borlaug Global Rust Initiative; Department of Primary Industries of Victoria; Grains Research and Development Corporation Australia; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; Monsanto's Beachell-Borlaug Fellowship; Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Food Futures Flagship FX We thank Matthew Hufford, Chris Toomajian, and two anonymous reviewers for comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. This project is funded by the US Department of Agriculture, Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Grants 2009-65300-05638 and 2011-68002-30029 (Triticeae Coordinated Agricultural Project), Borlaug Global Rust Initiative, Department of Primary Industries of Victoria, Grains Research and Development Corporation Australia, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Monsanto's Beachell-Borlaug Fellowship (to L. Tomar), and Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Food Futures Flagship. NR 55 TC 241 Z9 253 U1 16 U2 197 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAY 14 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 20 BP 8057 EP 8062 DI 10.1073/pnas.1217133110 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 156EH UT WOS:000319803500027 PM 23630259 ER PT J AU Giardi, MT Rea, G Lambreva, MD Antonacci, A Pastorelli, S Bertalan, I Johanningmeier, U Mattoo, AK AF Giardi, Maria Teresa Rea, Giuseppina Lambreva, Maya D. Antonacci, Amina Pastorelli, Sandro Bertalan, Ivo Johanningmeier, Udo Mattoo, Autar K. TI Mutations of Photosystem II D1 Protein That Empower Efficient Phenotypes of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii under Extreme Environment in Space SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE; OXYGENIC PHOTOSYNTHESIS; IONIZING-RADIATION; GAS-EXCHANGE; PLANTS; MICROGRAVITY; DYNAMICS; COMPLEX; WHEAT; MICROORGANISMS AB Space missions have enabled testing how microorganisms, animals and plants respond to extra-terrestrial, complex and hazardous environment in space. Photosynthetic organisms are thought to be relatively more prone to microgravity, weak magnetic field and cosmic radiation because oxygenic photosynthesis is intimately associated with capture and conversion of light energy into chemical energy, a process that has adapted to relatively less complex and contained environment on Earth. To study the direct effect of the space environment on the fundamental process of photosynthesis, we sent into low Earth orbit space engineered and mutated strains of the unicellular green alga, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, which has been widely used as a model of photosynthetic organisms. The algal mutants contained specific amino acid substitutions in the functionally important regions of the pivotal Photosystem II (PSII) reaction centre D1 protein near the Q(B) binding pocket and in the environment surrounding Tyr-161 (Y-Z) electron acceptor of the oxygen-evolving complex. Using real-time measurements of PSII photochemistry, here we show that during the space flight while the control strain and two D1 mutants (A250L and V160A) were inefficient in carrying out PSII activity, two other D1 mutants, I163N and A251C, performed efficient photosynthesis, and actively re-grew upon return to Earth. Mimicking the neutron irradiation component of cosmic rays on Earth yielded similar results. Experiments with I163N and A251C D1 mutants performed on ground showed that they are better able to modulate PSII excitation pressure and have higher capacity to reoxidize the Q(A)(-) state of the primary electron acceptor. These results highlight the contribution of D1 conformation in relation to photosynthesis and oxygen production in space. C1 [Giardi, Maria Teresa; Rea, Giuseppina; Lambreva, Maya D.; Antonacci, Amina; Pastorelli, Sandro] CNR, Natl Res Council Italy, Inst Crystallog, Rome, Italy. [Bertalan, Ivo; Johanningmeier, Udo] Univ Halle Wittenberg, Inst Plant Physiol, D-06108 Halle, Germany. [Mattoo, Autar K.] USDA, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, ARS, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Mattoo, AK (reprint author), USDA, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, ARS, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM autar.mattoo@ars.usda.gov RI Lambreva, Maya Dimova/D-6917-2017; OI Lambreva, Maya Dimova/0000-0001-5750-0899; Antonacci, Amina/0000-0002-3245-3739; Giardi, Maria Teresa/0000-0002-7401-5905; REA, GIUSEPPINA/0000-0001-7353-727X FU Italian Space Agency; German Aerospace Research Establishmen (DLR); European Space Agency FX This work was supported by Italian Space Agency, German Aerospace Research Establishmen (DLR) and European Space Agency. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 49 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 21 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 14 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 5 AR e64352 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0064352 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 146RE UT WOS:000319107400119 PM 23691201 ER PT J AU Thompson, MP AF Thompson, Matthew P. TI Modeling Wildfire Incident Complexity Dynamics SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID SUPPRESSION EXPENDITURES; DECISION-MAKING; FIRE; MANAGEMENT; RISK; UNCERTAINTY; FORECASTS; COSTS AB Wildfire management in the United States and elsewhere is challenged by substantial uncertainty regarding the location and timing of fire events, the socioeconomic and ecological consequences of these events, and the costs of suppression. Escalating U.S. Forest Service suppression expenditures is of particular concern at a time of fiscal austerity as swelling fire management budgets lead to decreases for non-fire programs, and as the likelihood of disruptive within-season borrowing potentially increases. Thus there is a strong interest in better understanding factors influencing suppression decisions and in turn their influence on suppression costs. As a step in that direction, this paper presents a probabilistic analysis of geographic and temporal variation in incident management team response to wildfires. The specific focus is incident complexity dynamics through time for fires managed by the U.S. Forest Service. The modeling framework is based on the recognition that large wildfire management entails recurrent decisions across time in response to changing conditions, which can be represented as a stochastic dynamic system. Daily incident complexity dynamics are modeled according to a first-order Markov chain, with containment represented as an absorbing state. A statistically significant difference in complexity dynamics between Forest Service Regions is demonstrated. Incident complexity probability transition matrices and expected times until containment are presented at national and regional levels. Results of this analysis can help improve understanding of geographic variation in incident management and associated cost structures, and can be incorporated into future analyses examining the economic efficiency of wildfire management. C1 US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT USA. RP Thompson, MP (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT USA. EM mpthompson02@fs.fed.us NR 35 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 22 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 14 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 5 AR e63297 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0063297 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 146RE UT WOS:000319107400045 PM 23691014 ER PT J AU Johnson, TJ Abrahante, JE Hunter, SS Hauglund, M Tatum, FM Maheswaran, SK Briggs, RE AF Johnson, Timothy J. Abrahante, Juan E. Hunter, Samuel S. Hauglund, Melissa Tatum, Fred M. Maheswaran, Samuel K. Briggs, Robert E. TI Comparative genome analysis of an avirulent and two virulent strains of avian Pasteurella multocida reveals candidate genes involved in fitness and pathogenicity SO BMC MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Pasteurella multocida; Genomics; Genome; Virulence; Avian; Fitness; Fowl cholera; Pathogenicity ID HEMOGLOBIN-BINDING-PROTEIN; FOWL CHOLERA; IMMUNOGENIC TYPES; RNA GENES; SEQUENCE; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; IDENTIFICATION; PREDICTION; CHICKENS; PROGRAM AB Background: Pasteurella multocida is the etiologic agent of fowl cholera, a highly contagious and severe disease of poultry causing significant mortality and morbidity throughout the world. All types of poultry are susceptible to fowl cholera. Turkeys are most susceptible to the peracute/acute forms of the disease while chickens are most susceptible to the acute and chronic forms of the disease. The whole genome of the Pm70 strain of P. multocida was sequenced and annotated in 2001. The Pm70 strain is not virulent to chickens and turkeys. In contrast, strains X73 and P1059 are highly virulent to turkeys, chickens, and other poultry species. In this study, we sequenced the genomes of P. multocida strains X73 and P1059 and undertook a detailed comparative genome analysis with the avirulent Pm70 strain. The goal of this study was to identify candidate genes in the virulent strains that may be involved in pathogenicity of fowl cholera disease. Results: Comparison of virulent versus avirulent avian P. multocida genomes revealed 336 unique genes among the P1059 and/or X73 genomes compared to strain Pm70. Genes of interest within this subset included those encoding an L-fucose transport and utilization system, several novel sugar transport systems, and several novel hemagglutinins including one designated PfhB4. Additionally, substantial amino acid variation was observed in many core outer membrane proteins and single nucleotide polymorphism analysis confirmed a higher dN/dS ratio within proteins localized to the outer membrane. Conclusions: Comparative analyses of highly virulent versus avirulent avian P. multocida identified a number of genomic differences that may shed light on the ability of highly virulent strains to cause disease in the avian host, including those that could be associated with enhanced virulence or fitness. C1 [Johnson, Timothy J.; Abrahante, Juan E.; Maheswaran, Samuel K.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Vet & Biomed Sci, St Paul, MN USA. [Hunter, Samuel S.] Univ Idaho, Inst Bioinformat & Evolutionary Studies, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Hauglund, Melissa; Tatum, Fred M.; Briggs, Robert E.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Johnson, TJ (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Vet & Biomed Sci, St Paul, MN USA. EM joh04207@umn.edu FU Biotechnology Research and Development Corporation, Peoria, Illinois, USA FX This work was supported by the Biotechnology Research and Development Corporation, Peoria, Illinois, USA. Tools for comparative genome analysis were provided through support of the Minnesota Supercomputing Institute. NR 63 TC 8 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 21 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2180 J9 BMC MICROBIOL JI BMC Microbiol. PD MAY 14 PY 2013 VL 13 AR 106 DI 10.1186/1471-2180-13-106 PG 10 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 148SM UT WOS:000319267600001 PM 23672515 ER PT J AU Jiang, XF Chen, J Zhang, L Sappington, TW Luo, LZ AF Jiang, Xing Fu Chen, Jian Zhang, Lei Sappington, Thomas W. Luo, Li Zhi TI Increased Long-Flight Activity Triggered in Beet Armyworm by Larval Feeding on Diet Containing Cry1Ac Protoxin SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID HELICOVERPA-ARMIGERA LEPIDOPTERA; SPODOPTERA-EXIGUA LEPIDOPTERA; SEASONAL EXPRESSION PROFILES; BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS TOXIN; GENETICALLY-MODIFIED CROPS; BT COTTON; COMMERCIAL FORMULATIONS; HELIOTHIS-VIRESCENS; MYTHIMNA-SEPARATA; TRANSGENIC COTTON AB Evaluating ecological safety and conducting pest risk analysis for transgenic crops are vitally important before their commercial planting. The beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua, a long-distance migratory insect pest, is not a direct target of transgenic Cry1Ac-expressing cotton in China, but nevertheless it has recently become an important pest. Migrants leaving their natal field arrive in other appropriate habitat far away in a short time, often followed by larval outbreaks. S. exigua has low susceptibility to Cry1Ac. However, our results from laboratory experiments identified (i) sublethal effects of Cry1Ac protoxin on larval development rate, larval and pupal weight, and adult lifetime fecundity, and (ii) increased long-flight behavior triggered by Cry1Ac which may contribute to larval outbreaks elsewhere. No significant differences in larval mortality, pupation rate, adult emergence rate, longevity, pre-oviposition period, or oviposition period were observed between controls and larvae fed on artificial diet incorporating a low concentration of Cry1Ac protoxin. The negative sublethal effects on some developmental and reproductive traits and lack of effect on others suggest they do not contribute to the observed severity of S. exigua outbreaks after feeding on Cry1Ac cotton. Interestingly, the percentage of long fliers increased significantly when larvae were reared on diet containing either of two low-dose treatments of Cry1Ac, suggesting a possible increased propensity to disperse long distances triggered by Cry1Ac. We hypothesize that negative effects on development and reproduction caused by Cry1Ac in the diet are offset by increased flight propensity triggered by the poor food conditions, thereby improving the chances of escaping adverse local conditions before oviposition. Increased long-flight propensity in turn may amplify the area damaged by outbreak populations. This phenomenon might be common in other migratory insect pests receiving sublethal doses of Bt toxins and warrants further study. C1 [Jiang, Xing Fu; Chen, Jian; Zhang, Lei; Luo, Li Zhi] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, State Key Lab Biol Plant Dis & Insect Pests, Inst Plant Protect, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Sappington, Thomas W.] USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Genet Lab ISU, Ames, IA USA. RP Jiang, XF (reprint author), Chinese Acad Agr Sci, State Key Lab Biol Plant Dis & Insect Pests, Inst Plant Protect, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. EM xfjiang@ippcaas.cn; lzluo@ippcaas.cn FU National Department of Transgenic Crops Cultivation Research Foundation [2009ZX08011-018B]; National Department of Public Benefit Research Foundation [201203020, 200903051]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31000850, 31071677, 30871641] FX This work was funded by projects under the National Department of Transgenic Crops Cultivation Research Foundation (No. 2009ZX08011-018B), the National Department of Public Benefit Research Foundation (201203020, 200903051), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31000850, 31071677, 30871641). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 73 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 32 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 13 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 5 AR e63554 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0063554 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 145RZ UT WOS:000319036100042 PM 23675489 ER PT J AU Semagn, K Beyene, Y Warburton, ML Tarekegne, A Mugo, S Meisel, B Sehabiague, P Prasanna, BM AF Semagn, Kassa Beyene, Yoseph Warburton, Marilyn L. Tarekegne, Amsal Mugo, Stephen Meisel, Barbara Sehabiague, Pierre Prasanna, Boddupalli M. TI Meta-analyses of QTL for grain yield and anthesis silking interval in 18 maize populations evaluated under water-stressed and well-watered environments SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Breeding; Drought; Heritability; Maize; Managed water stress; Meta analysis; SNP ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; ASSISTED RECURRENT SELECTION; HEXAPLOID WHEAT POPULATION; DROUGHT TOLERANCE; TROPICAL MAIZE; CANDIDATE GENES; RICE; PERSPECTIVES; BIOMERCATOR; SIMULATION AB Background: Identification of QTL with large phenotypic effects conserved across genetic backgrounds and environments is one of the prerequisites for crop improvement using marker assisted selection (MAS). The objectives of this study were to identify meta-QTL (mQTL) for grain yield (GY) and anthesis silking interval (ASI) across 18 bi-parental maize populations evaluated in the same conditions across 2-4 managed water stressed and 3-4 well watered environments. Results: The meta-analyses identified 68 mQTL (9 QTL specific to ASI, 15 specific to GY, and 44 for both GY and ASI). Mean phenotypic variance explained by each mQTL varied from 1.2 to 13.1% and the overall average was 6.5%. Few QTL were detected under both environmental treatments and/or multiple (>4 populations) genetic backgrounds. The number and 95% genetic and physical confidence intervals of the mQTL were highly reduced compared to the QTL identified in the original studies. Each physical interval of the mQTL consisted of 5 to 926 candidate genes. Conclusions: Meta-analyses reduced the number of QTL by 68% and narrowed the confidence intervals up to 12-fold. At least the 4 mQTL (mQTL2.2, mQTL6.1, mQTL7.5 and mQTL9.2) associated with GY under both water-stressed and well-watered environments and detected up to 6 populations may be considered for fine mapping and validation to confirm effects in different genetic backgrounds and pyramid them into new drought resistant breeding lines. This is the first extensive report on meta-analysis of data from over 3100 individuals genotyped using the same SNP platform and evaluated in the same conditions across a wide range of managed water-stressed and well-watered environments. C1 [Semagn, Kassa; Beyene, Yoseph; Mugo, Stephen; Prasanna, Boddupalli M.] Int Maize & Wheat Improvement Ctr CIMMYT, Nairobi 00621, Kenya. [Warburton, Marilyn L.] ARS, USDA, Corn Host Plant Resistance Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Tarekegne, Amsal] CIMMYT, Harare, Zimbabwe. [Meisel, Barbara] Monsanto Co, ZA-1512 Petit, Gauteng, South Africa. [Sehabiague, Pierre] Monsanto SAS, F-40310 Peyrehorade, France. RP Semagn, K (reprint author), Int Maize & Wheat Improvement Ctr CIMMYT, POB 1041, Nairobi 00621, Kenya. EM k.semagn@cgiar.org OI Semagn, Kassa/0000-0001-6486-5685 FU Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; Howard Buffet Foundation FX We are grateful to J. Crossa for the initial phenotype data analyses, CIMMYT Field Technicians at the different stations in Kenya, Zimbabwe and Zambia for the phenotypic evaluation, and the Monsanto Company for genotyping the populations and also providing marker database that links the genetic positions of the proprietary SNP markers with public markers. This work was carried as part of the WEMA project that has been funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and Howard Buffet Foundation. NR 43 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 55 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD MAY 10 PY 2013 VL 14 AR 313 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-14-313 PG 16 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 202TO UT WOS:000323242700001 PM 23663209 ER PT J AU Kuppu, S Mishra, N Hu, RB Sun, L Zhu, XL Shen, GX Blumwald, E Payton, P Zhang, H AF Kuppu, Sundaram Mishra, Neelam Hu, Rongbin Sun, Li Zhu, Xunlu Shen, Guoxin Blumwald, Eduardo Payton, Paxton Zhang, Hong TI Water-Deficit Inducible Expression of a Cytokinin Biosynthetic Gene IPT Improves Drought Tolerance in Cotton SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID DELAYED LEAF SENESCENCE; INCREASES FIBER YIELD; TOBACCO PLANTS; ISOPENTENYLTRANSFERASE GENE; AGROBACTERIUM-TUMEFACIENS; CARBON ASSIMILATION; FIELD CONDITIONS; MOISTURE STATUS; ABIOTIC STRESS; ABSCISIC-ACID AB Water-deficit stress is a major environmental factor that limits agricultural productivity worldwide. Recent episodes of extreme drought have severely affected cotton production in the Southwestern USA. There is a pressing need to develop cotton varieties with improved tolerance to water-deficit stress for sustainable production in water-limited regions. One approach to engineer drought tolerance is by delaying drought-induced senescence via up-regulation of cytokinin biosynthesis. The isopentenyltransferase gene (IPT) that encodes a rate limiting enzyme in cytokinin biosynthesis, under the control of a water-deficit responsive and maturation specific promoter P-SARK was introduced into cotton and the performance of the P-SARK::IPT transgenic cotton plants was analyzed in the greenhouse and growth chamber conditions. The data indicate that P-SARK::IPT-transgenic cotton plants displayed delayed senescence under water deficit conditions in the greenhouse. These plants produced more root and shoot biomass, dropped fewer flowers, maintained higher chlorophyll content, and higher photosynthetic rates under reduced irrigation conditions in comparison to wild-type and segregated non-transgenic lines. Furthermore, P-SARK::IPT-transgenic cotton plants grown in growth chamber condition also displayed greater drought tolerance. These results indicate that water-deficit induced expression of an isopentenyltransferase gene in cotton could significantly improve drought tolerance. C1 [Kuppu, Sundaram; Mishra, Neelam; Hu, Rongbin; Sun, Li; Zhu, Xunlu; Zhang, Hong] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Shen, Guoxin] Zhejiang Acad Agr Sci, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Blumwald, Eduardo] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Payton, Paxton] ARS, USDA, Cropping Syst Res Lab, Lubbock, TX USA. RP Zhang, H (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM hong.zhang@ttu.edu RI HU, RONGBIN/B-2225-2017; OI HU, RONGBIN/0000-0001-5921-6891 NR 63 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 54 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 10 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 5 AR e64190 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0064190 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 143FO UT WOS:000318852400062 PM 23675526 ER PT J AU Qin, WP Sun, L Cao, J Peng, YZ Collier, L Wu, Y Creasey, G Li, JH Qin, YW Jarvis, J Bauman, WA Zaidi, M Cardozo, C AF Qin, Weiping Sun, Li Cao, Jay Peng, Yuanzhen Collier, Lauren Wu, Yong Creasey, Graham Li, Jianhua Qin, Yiwen Jarvis, Jonathan Bauman, William A. Zaidi, Mone Cardozo, Christopher TI The Central Nervous System (CNS)-independent Anti-bone-resorptive Activity of Muscle Contraction and the Underlying Molecular and Cellular Signatures SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SPINAL-CORD-INJURY; GENE-EXPRESSION; C-FOS; CELLS; DIFFERENTIATION; IMMOBILIZATION; DISEASE; OSTEOCLASTOGENESIS; STIMULATION; NANDROLONE AB Muscle and bone work as a functional unit. Cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying effects of muscle activity on bone mass are largely unknown. Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes muscle paralysis and extensive sublesional bone loss and disrupts neural connections between the central nervous system (CNS) and bone. Muscle contraction elicited by electrical stimulation (ES) of nerves partially protects against SCI-related bone loss. Thus, application of ES after SCI provides an opportunity to study the effects of muscle activity on bone and roles of the CNS in this interaction, as well as the underlying mechanisms. Using a rat model of SCI, the effects on bone of ES-induced muscle contraction were characterized. The SCI-mediated increase in serum C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX) was completely reversed by ES. In ex vivo bone marrow cell cultures, SCI increased the number of osteoclasts and their expression of mRNA for several osteoclast differentiation markers, whereas ES significantly reduced these changes; SCI decreased osteoblast numbers, but increased expression in these cells of receptor activator of NF-kappa B ligand (RANKL) mRNA, whereas ES increased expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and the OPG/RANKL ratio. A microarray analysis revealed that ES partially reversed SCI-induced alterations in expression of genes involved in signaling through Wnt, FSH, parathyroid hormone (PTH), oxytocin, and calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) pathways. ES mitigated SCI-mediated increases in mRNA levels for the Wnt inhibitors DKK1, sFRP2, and sclerostin in ex vivo cultured osteoblasts. Our results demonstrate an anti-bone-resorptive activity of muscle contraction by ES that develops rapidly and is independent of the CNS. The pathways involved, particularly Wnt signaling, suggest future strategies to minimize bone loss after immobilization. C1 [Qin, Weiping; Sun, Li; Peng, Yuanzhen; Li, Jianhua; Bauman, William A.; Zaidi, Mone; Cardozo, Christopher] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Med, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Bauman, William A.; Cardozo, Christopher] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Rehabil Med, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Sun, Li; Li, Jianhua; Zaidi, Mone] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Mt Sinai Bone Program, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Qin, Weiping; Peng, Yuanzhen; Collier, Lauren; Wu, Yong; Bauman, William A.; Cardozo, Christopher] James J Peters Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Natl Ctr Excellence Med Consequences Spinal Cord, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. [Cao, Jay] Res Serv, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. [Creasey, Graham] Vet Affairs Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Creasey, Graham] Stanford Univ, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Qin, Yiwen] Chapin Sch, New York, NY 10028 USA. [Jarvis, Jonathan] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Sch Sport & Exercise Sci, Liverpool L3 3AF, Merseyside, England. RP Qin, WP (reprint author), James J Peters Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ctr Excellence Med Consequences SCI, 130 W Kingsbridge Rd, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. EM weiping.qin@mssm.edu; Chris.cardozo@mssm.edu FU United States Veterans Health Administration, Rehabilitation Research and Development Service [B4162C, B4055X, B3347K]; United States Department of Defense [SC090504]; National Institutes of Health [AG23176, DK80459]; European Commission [QLG5-CT-2001-02191] FX This work was supported by the United States Veterans Health Administration, Rehabilitation Research and Development Service Grants B4162C (to W. A. B.) and B4055X and B3347K (to C. C.), the United States Department of Defense Grant SC090504 (to W. Q.), National Institutes of Health Grants AG23176 and DK80459 (to M. Z.), and European Commission Project RISE Grant QLG5-CT-2001-02191 (to J. J.). NR 62 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD MAY 10 PY 2013 VL 288 IS 19 BP 13511 EP 13521 DI 10.1074/jbc.M113.454892 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 143EV UT WOS:000318850300035 PM 23530032 ER PT J AU Cano-Ramirez, C Lopez, MF Cesar-Ayala, AK Pineda-Martinez, V Sullivan, BT Zuniga, G AF Cano-Ramirez, Claudia Fernanda Lopez, Maria Cesar-Ayala, Ana K. Pineda-Martinez, Veronica Sullivan, Brian T. Zuniga, Gerardo TI Isolation and expression of cytochrome P450 genes in the antennae and gut of pine beetle Dendroctonus rhizophagus (Curculionidae: Scolytinae) following exposure to host monoterpenes SO GENE LA English DT Article DE Cytochrome P450; Scolytines; Bark beetles; Gene expression; Detoxification ID MOTH MAMESTRA-BRASSICAE; BARK BEETLE; IPS-PINI; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; PHEROMONE PRODUCTION; BIOTRANSFORMATION ENZYMES; COLEOPTERA-SCOLYTIDAE; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; VALENS COLEOPTERA; MUSCA-DOMESTICA AB Bark beetles oxidize the defensive monoterpenes of their host trees both to detoxify them and convert them into components of their pheromone system. This oxidation is catalyzed by cytochrome P450 enzymes and occurs in different tissues of the insect, including the gut (i.e., the site where the beetle's pheromones are produced and accumulated) and the antennae (i.e., the olfactory organs used for perception of airborne defensive monoterpenes as well as other host-associated compounds and pheromones). We identified ten new CYP genes in the pine beetle Dendroctonus rhizophagus in either antennae or gut tissue after stimulation with the vapors of major host monoterpenes alpha-pinene, beta-pinene and 3-carene. Five genes belong to the CYP4 family, four to the CYP6 family and one to the CYP9 family. Differential expression of almost all of the CYP genes was observed between sexes, and within these significant differences among time, stimuli, anatomical region, and their interactions were found upon exposure to host monoterpenes. Increased expression of cytochrome P450 genes suggests that they play a role in the detoxification of monoterpenes released by this insect's host trees. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Cano-Ramirez, Claudia; Fernanda Lopez, Maria; Cesar-Ayala, Ana K.; Pineda-Martinez, Veronica; Zuniga, Gerardo] Escuela Nacl Ciencias Biol, Inst Politecn Nacl, Dept Zool, Mexico City 11340, DF, Mexico. [Sullivan, Brian T.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. RP Zuniga, G (reprint author), Escuela Nacl Ciencias Biol, Inst Politecn Nacl, Dept Zool, Mexico City 11340, DF, Mexico. EM capotezu@hotmail.com FU Comision Nacional Forestal-Consejo National de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONAFOR-CONACYT) [69539]; Consejo National de Ciencia y Tecnologia [181337/CB2012, 202060, 175839]; Secretaria de Investigation y Posgrado-IPN [SIP-20090576] FX We are grateful to Jesus I. Morales Jimenez and Gabriel Obregon, for their assistance in collecting insects, and to administrator Jaime Chavez and COPAMEX for providing us access to installations and for his logistic support in San Juanito Chihuahua. We thank Graciela Castro Escarpulli, Javier Victor, Isabel Salazar, Jorge Macias Samano, and Gloria Leon Avila for their comments and valuable suggestions regarding the manuscript The project was funded by the Comision Nacional Forestal-Consejo National de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONAFOR-CONACYT, 69539), Consejo National de Ciencia y Tecnologia (181337/CB2012) and Secretaria de Investigation y Posgrado-IPN (SIP-20090576). This work was part of CCR and MR Ph Ds. dissertations. They were fellows of Consejo National de Ciencia y Tecnologia (202060, 175839 respectively) and Programa Institutional de Formation de Investigadores del Instituto Politecnico Nacional (PIFI-IPN). Karina Cesar Ayala and Veronica Pineda Martinez were CONAFOR-CONACYT and PIFI-IPN fellows. NR 81 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1119 EI 1879-0038 J9 GENE JI Gene PD MAY 10 PY 2013 VL 520 IS 1 BP 47 EP 63 DI 10.1016/j.gene.2012.11.059 PG 17 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 133KS UT WOS:000318137900007 PM 23262344 ER PT J AU Nichols, TA Spraker, TR Rigg, TD Meyerett-Reid, C Hoover, C Michel, B Bian, JF Hoover, E Gidlewski, T Balachandran, A O'Rourke, K Telling, GC Bowen, R Zabel, MD VerCauteren, KC AF Nichols, Tracy A. Spraker, Terry R. Rigg, Tara D. Meyerett-Reid, Crystal Hoover, Clare Michel, Brady Bian, Jifeng Hoover, Edward Gidlewski, Thomas Balachandran, Aru O'Rourke, Katherine Telling, Glenn C. Bowen, Richard Zabel, Mark D. VerCauteren, Kurt C. TI Intranasal Inoculation of White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) with Lyophilized Chronic Wasting Disease Prion Particulate Complexed to Montmorillonite Clay SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID DENDRITIC CELLS; MULE DEER; NASAL-MUCOSA; ORAL-TRANSMISSION; INFECTIOUS PRIONS; PROTEIN; TRANSPORT; HEMIONUS; PATHWAYS; DELIVERY AB Chronic wasting disease (CWD), the only known prion disease endemic in wildlife, is a persistent problem in both wild and captive North American cervid populations. This disease continues to spread and cases are found in new areas each year. Indirect transmission can occur via the environment and is thought to occur by the oral and/or intranasal route. Oral transmission has been experimentally demonstrated and although intranasal transmission has been postulated, it has not been tested in a natural host until recently. Prions have been shown to adsorb strongly to clay particles and upon oral inoculation the prion/clay combination exhibits increased infectivity in rodent models. Deer and elk undoubtedly and chronically inhale dust particles routinely while living in the landscape while foraging and rutting. We therefore hypothesized that dust represents a viable vehicle for intranasal CWD prion exposure. To test this hypothesis, CWD-positive brain homogenate was mixed with montmorillonite clay (Mte), lyophilized, pulverized and inoculated intranasally into white-tailed deer once a week for 6 weeks. Deer were euthanized at 95, 105, 120 and 175 days post final inoculation and tissues examined for CWD-associated prion proteins by immunohistochemistry. Our results demonstrate that CWD can be efficiently transmitted utilizing Mte particles as a prion carrier and intranasal exposure. C1 [Nichols, Tracy A.; Rigg, Tara D.; Gidlewski, Thomas; VerCauteren, Kurt C.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Spraker, Terry R.] Colorado State Univ, Diagnost Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Spraker, Terry R.; Meyerett-Reid, Crystal; Hoover, Clare; Michel, Brady; Bian, Jifeng; Hoover, Edward; Telling, Glenn C.; Zabel, Mark D.] Colorado State Univ, Prion Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Spraker, Terry R.; Meyerett-Reid, Crystal; Hoover, Clare; Michel, Brady; Bian, Jifeng; Hoover, Edward; Telling, Glenn C.; Zabel, Mark D.] Colorado State Univ, Prion Res Ctr, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Bowen, Richard] Colorado State Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Dept Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Balachandran, Aru] Canadian Food Inspect Agcy, Natl & OIE Reference Lab Scrapie & Chron Wasting, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [O'Rourke, Katherine] USDA, ARS, Pullman, WA USA. RP Nichols, TA (reprint author), US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Ft Collins, CO USA. EM tracy.a.nichols@aphis.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services (VS) FX Funding was provided by U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services (VS). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 67 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 12 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 9 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 5 AR e62455 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0062455 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 155HD UT WOS:000319737700011 PM 23671598 ER PT J AU Thacker, TC Robbe-Austerman, S Harris, B Van Palmer, M Waters, WR AF Thacker, Tyler C. Robbe-Austerman, Suelee Harris, Beth Van Palmer, Mitchell Waters, Wade Ray TI Isolation of mycobacteria from clinical samples collected in the United States from 2004 to 2011 SO BMC VETERINARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID BOVINE TUBERCULOSIS; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; IDENTIFICATION; CATTLE; ANTIGENS; INFECTION; KANSASII; COMPLEX; PROTEIN; DIFFERENTIATION AB Background: Mycobacteria other than M. bovis may interfere with current bovine tuberculosis diagnostic tests resulting in false positive test results. As the prevalence of M. bovis decreases in the United States, interference from other mycobacteria play an increasingly important role in preventing the eradication of M. bovis. To identify mycobacteria other than M. bovis that may be interfering with current diagnostic tests, a retrospective study was performed to identify mycobacteria isolated from clinical tissues at the National Veterinary Services Laboratories between 1 January 2004 and 9 October 2011. Results: During the study period, 2,366 mycobacteria other than M. bovis were isolated from samples submitted for clinical diagnosis of M. bovis. Fifty-five mycobacterial species were isolated during this time period. In cattle, M. avium complex, M. fortuitum/fortuitum complex, M. smegmatis, M. kansasii, and M. terrae complex were the predominate species other than M. bovis isolated from tissues submitted for culture. Mycobacteria other than M. bovis isolated from deer were predominantly M. avium complex, M. terrae/terrae complex, and M. fortuitum/fortuitum complex. Conclusions: These data provide information characterizing the species and relative prevalence of mycobacteria other than M. bovis that may interfere with current diagnostic tests. C1 [Thacker, Tyler C.; Van Palmer, Mitchell; Waters, Wade Ray] USDA, Infect Bacterial Dis Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, ARS, Ames, IA USA. [Robbe-Austerman, Suelee; Harris, Beth] USDA, Mycobacteria & Brucella Sect, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Ames, IA USA. RP Thacker, TC (reprint author), USDA, Infect Bacterial Dis Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, ARS, Ames, IA USA. EM tyler.thacker@ars.usda.gov OI Thacker, Tyler/0000-0001-6779-7649 NR 36 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 5 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1746-6148 J9 BMC VET RES JI BMC Vet. Res. PD MAY 8 PY 2013 VL 9 AR 100 DI 10.1186/1746-6148-9-100 PG 10 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 145SQ UT WOS:000319038200001 PM 23656828 ER PT J AU Mkandawire, NL Kaufman, RC Bean, SR Weller, CL Jackson, DS Rose, DJ AF Mkandawire, Nyambe L. Kaufman, Rhett C. Bean, Scott R. Weller, Curtis L. Jackson, David S. Rose, Devin J. TI Effects of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) Tannins on alpha-Amylase Activity and in Vitro Digestibility of Starch in Raw and Processed Flours SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE digestion; Englyst test; polyphenols; resistant starch; slowly digestible starch; processing ID SLOW DIGESTION PROPERTY; PHENOLIC-COMPOUNDS; CONDENSED TANNINS; INHIBITION; PROCYANIDINS; ANTIOXIDANT; EXTRACTS; COCOA; SOFT AB The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of tannins on starch digestion in tannin-containing sorghum extracts and wholegrain flours from 12 sorghum varieties. Extracts reduced amylase activity in a tannin concentration-dependent manner when the extract was mixed with the enzyme before substrate (amylopectin) addition, with higher molecular weight tannins showing greater reduction. Conversely, when the extract and substrate were combined before enzyme addition an enhancement in amylase activity was experienced. In uncooked, cooked, and cooked and stored wholegrain sorghum flours, rapidly digestible, slowly digestible, and resistant starches were not correlated with tannin content or molecular weight distribution. Resistant starch increased from 6.5% to 22-26% when tannins were added to starch up to 50% (starch weight). Tannin extracts both reduced and enhanced amylase activity depending on conditions, and, while these trends were clear in extracts, the effects on starch digestion in wholegrain flours was more complex C1 [Mkandawire, Nyambe L.; Weller, Curtis L.; Jackson, David S.; Rose, Devin J.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Mkandawire, Nyambe L.] Univ Zambia, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Lusaka, Zambia. [Kaufman, Rhett C.; Bean, Scott R.] ARS, USDA, CGAHR, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Weller, Curtis L.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Jackson, David S.] Univ Nebraska, Div Agr Res, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. RP Rose, DJ (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Food Sci & Technol, 143 Food Ind Complex, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. EM drose3@unl.edu OI Bean, Scott/0000-0001-8678-8094 FU USDA; USAID Sorghum, Millet, and Other Grains Collaborative Research Support Program (INTSORMIL CRSP) [UNL 102] FX This work is a contribution of the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station, supported by the funds provided through the Hatch Act, USDA. Additional support was provided through Project UNL 102 (Building a Sustainable Infrastructure for the Product Development and Food Entrepreneur/Industry Technical Support: A Strategy to Promote Increased Use of Sorghum and Millet in East Africa) of the USAID Sorghum, Millet, and Other Grains Collaborative Research Support Program (INTSORMIL CRSP). Names are necessary to report factually on available data; however, the U.S. Department of Agriculture neither guarantees nor warrants the standard of the product, and use of the name by the U.S. Department of Agriculture implies no approval of the product to the exclusion of others that may also be suitable. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 27 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 3 U2 51 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAY 8 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 18 BP 4448 EP 4454 DI 10.1021/jf400464j PG 7 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 143AT UT WOS:000318839400031 PM 23581620 ER PT J AU Clifford, AJ Rincon, G Owens, JE Medrano, JF Moshfegh, AJ Baer, DJ Novotny, JA AF Clifford, Andrew J. Rincon, Gonzalo Owens, Janel E. Medrano, Juan F. Moshfegh, Alanna J. Baer, David J. Novotny, Janet A. TI Single nucleotide polymorphisms in CETP, SLC46A1, SLC19A1, CD36, BCMO1, APOA5, and ABCA1 are significant predictors of plasma HDL in healthy adults SO LIPIDS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Single nucleotide polymorphism; HDL; Folate transporter; Cholesterol ID ESTER TRANSFER PROTEIN; APOLIPOPROTEIN-A-I; DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN-CHOLESTEROL; SERUM-LIPID LEVELS; SELECTIVE UPTAKE; TANGIER-DISEASE; FOLATE LEVELS; GENE; VARIANTS; EFFLUX AB Background: In a marker-trait association study we estimated the statistical significance of 65 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in 23 candidate genes on HDL levels of two independent Caucasian populations. Each population consisted of men and women and their HDL levels were adjusted for gender and body weight. We used a linear regression model. Selected genes corresponded to folate metabolism, vitamins B-12, A, and E, and cholesterol pathways or lipid metabolism. Methods: Extracted DNA from both the Sacramento and Beltsville populations was analyzed using an allele discrimination assay with a MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry platform. The adjusted phenotype, y, was HDL levels adjusted for gender and body weight only statistical analyses were performed using the genotype association and regression modules from the SNP Variation Suite v7. Results: Statistically significant SNP (where P values were adjusted for false discovery rate) included: CETP (rs7499892 and rs5882); SLC46A1 (rs37514694; rs739439); SLC19A1 (rs3788199); CD36 (rs3211956); BCMO1 (rs6564851), APOA5 (rs662799), and ABCA1 (rs4149267). Many prior association trends of the SNP with HDL were replicated in our cross-validation study. Significantly, the association of SNP in folate transporters (SLC46A1 rs37514694 and rs739439; SLC19A1 rs3788199) with HDL was identified in our study. Conclusions: Given recent literature on the role of niacin in the biogenesis of HDL, focus on status and metabolism of B-vitamins and metabolites of eccentric cleavage of beta-carotene with lipid metabolism is exciting for future study. C1 [Clifford, Andrew J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Rincon, Gonzalo; Medrano, Juan F.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Owens, Janel E.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Colorado Springs, CO 80918 USA. [Moshfegh, Alanna J.] USDA, Food Surveys Res Grp, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Baer, David J.; Novotny, Janet A.] USDA, Food Components & Hlth Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Clifford, AJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM ajclifford@ucdavis.edu OI Rincon, Gonzalo/0000-0002-6149-9103 FU National Institutes of Health [DK 45939]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [RO1 8928]; Regional Research Grant from the US Department of Agriculture [W2002, CA-D*-NTR-7778-H] FX This work was supported by grant no. DK 45939 from the National Institutes of Health, Grant/Cooperative Agreement no. RO1 8928 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and Regional Research Grant no. W2002, Project #CA-D*-NTR-7778-H from the US Department of Agriculture. The contents are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH, CDC, or USDA. NR 54 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 19 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1476-511X J9 LIPIDS HEALTH DIS JI Lipids Health Dis. PD MAY 8 PY 2013 VL 12 AR 66 DI 10.1186/1476-511X-12-66 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 145EH UT WOS:000318996800001 PM 23656756 ER PT J AU Hagenbucher, S Wackers, FL Wettstein, FE Olson, DM Ruberson, JR Romeis, J AF Hagenbucher, Steffen Waeckers, Felix L. Wettstein, Felix E. Olson, Dawn M. Ruberson, John R. Romeis, Joeg TI Pest trade-offs in technology: reduced damage by caterpillars in Bt cotton benefits aphids SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Gossypium hirsutum; genetically engineered crops; gossypol; non-target effects; plant-mediated competition; plant secondary chemistry ID BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS TOXIN; TERPENOID ALDEHYDES; INDUCED RESISTANCE; BOLLWORM LEPIDOPTERA; SYSTEMIC INDUCTION; SPODOPTERA-EXIGUA; TRANSGENIC COTTON; INSECT HERBIVORES; HELICOVERPA-ZEA; PIGMENT GLANDS AB The rapid adoption of genetically engineered (GE) plants that express insecticidal Cry proteins derived from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) has raised concerns about their potential impact on non-target organisms. This includes the possibility that non-target herbivores develop into pests. Although studies have now reported increased populations of non-target herbivores in Bt cotton, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. We propose that lack of herbivore-induced secondary metabolites in Bt cotton represents a mechanism that benefits non-target herbivores. We show that, because of effective suppression of Bt-sensitive lepidopteran herbivores, Bt cotton contains reduced levels of induced terpenoids. We also show that changes in the overall level of these defensive secondary metabolites are associated with improved performance of a Bt-insensitive herbivore, the cotton aphid, under glasshouse conditions. These effects, however, were not as clearly evident under field conditions as aphid populations were not correlated with the amount of terpenoids measured in the plants. Nevertheless, increased aphid numbers were visible in Bt cotton compared with non-Bt cotton on some sampling dates. Identification of this mechanism increases our understanding of how insect-resistant crops impact herbivore communities and helps underpin the sustainable use of GE varieties. C1 [Hagenbucher, Steffen; Wettstein, Felix E.; Romeis, Joeg] Agroscope Reckenholz Tanikon Res Stn ART, CH-8046 Zurich, Switzerland. [Waeckers, Felix L.] Univ Lancaster, Lancaster Environm Ctr, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, England. [Olson, Dawn M.] ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, USDA, Tifton, GA USA. [Ruberson, John R.] Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, Tifton, GA USA. RP Romeis, J (reprint author), Agroscope Reckenholz Tanikon Res Stn ART, Reckenholzstr 191, CH-8046 Zurich, Switzerland. EM joerg.romeis@art.admin.ch RI Romeis, Joerg/J-5360-2013; OI Ruberson, John/0000-0002-4475-8177 FU Swiss National Science Foundation [31003A-120477] FX This research was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation grant no. 31003A-120477. The primary data set used for statistical analyses of this paper is available at the Dryad data repository. Accessible via this doi: 10.5061/dryad.t815g. NR 51 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 57 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8452 EI 1471-2954 J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD MAY 7 PY 2013 VL 280 IS 1758 AR 20130042 DI 10.1098/rspb.2013.0042 PG 8 WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 110AJ UT WOS:000316413700010 PM 23486438 ER PT J AU Marcolino-Gomes, J Rodrigues, FA Oliveira, MCN Farias, JRB Neumaier, N Abdelnoor, RV Marcelino-Guimaraes, FC Nepomuceno, AL AF Marcolino-Gomes, Juliana Rodrigues, Fabiana Aparecida Neves Oliveira, Maria Cristina Boucas Farias, Jose Renato Neumaier, Norman Abdelnoor, Ricardo Vilela Marcelino-Guimaraes, Francismar Correa Nepomuceno, Alexandre Lima TI Expression Patterns of GmAP2/EREB-Like Transcription Factors Involved in Soybean Responses to Water Deficit SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID GLYCINE-MAX L.; GENOME-WIDE ANALYSIS; ERF GENE FAMILY; REAL-TIME PCR; DROUGHT STRESS; FUNCTIONAL-ANALYSIS; ARABIDOPSIS; RICE; TOLERANCE; PLANTS AB Soybean farming has faced several losses in productivity due to drought events in the last few decades. However, plants have molecular mechanisms to prevent and protect against water deficit injuries, and transcription factors play an important role in triggering different defense mechanisms. Understanding the expression patterns of transcription factors in response to water deficit and to environmental diurnal changes is very important for unveiling water deficit stress tolerance mechanisms. Here, we analyzed the expression patterns of ten APETALA2/Ethylene Responsive Element Binding-like (AP2/EREB-like) transcription factors in two soybean genotypes (BR16: drought-sensitive; and Embrapa 48: drought-tolerant). According to phylogenetic and domain analyses, these genes can be included in the DREB and ERF subfamilies. We also analyzed a GmDRIP-like gene that encodes a DREB negative regulator. We detected the up-regulation of 9 GmAP2/EREB-like genes and identified transcriptional differences that were dependent on the levels of the stress applied and the tissue type analyzed (the expression of the GmDREB1F-like gene, for example, was four times higher in roots than in leaves). The GmDRIP-like gene was not induced by water deficit in BR16 during the longest periods of stress, but was significantly induced in Embrapa 48; this suggests a possible genetic/molecular difference between the responses of these cultivars to water deficit stress. Additionally, RNAseq gene expression analysis over a 24-h time course indicates that the expression patterns of several GmDREB-like genes are subject to oscillation over the course of the day, indicating a possible circadian regulation. C1 [Marcolino-Gomes, Juliana] Univ Estadual Londrina, Dept Biol, Londrina, Brazil. [Marcolino-Gomes, Juliana; Rodrigues, Fabiana Aparecida; Neves Oliveira, Maria Cristina; Boucas Farias, Jose Renato; Neumaier, Norman; Abdelnoor, Ricardo Vilela; Marcelino-Guimaraes, Francismar Correa; Nepomuceno, Alexandre Lima] Brazilian Enterprise Agr Res Embrapa Soybean, Londrina, Brazil. [Nepomuceno, Alexandre Lima] ARS, Embrapa LABEX US Plant Biotechnol, USDA, Ctr Plant Gene Express, Albany, NY USA. RP Nepomuceno, AL (reprint author), Brazilian Enterprise Agr Res Embrapa Soybean, Londrina, Brazil. EM nepo@cnpso.embrapa.br RI Neumaier, Norman/I-9545-2014 FU Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) [552735/2007-8]; Coordenacao de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES) FX This study was supported by the Brazilian agencies Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq [http://www.cnpq.br/] Genosoja grant 552735/2007-8) and Coordenacao de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES [http://www.capes.gov.br/]). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 47 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 34 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 7 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 5 AR e62294 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0062294 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 154EP UT WOS:000319654700029 PM 23667465 ER PT J AU Menke, J Weber, J Broz, K Kistler, HC AF Menke, Jon Weber, Jakob Broz, Karen Kistler, H. Corby TI Cellular Development Associated with Induced Mycotoxin Synthesis in the Filamentous Fungus Fusarium graminearum SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID SUBCELLULAR-LOCALIZATION; PENICILLIN BIOSYNTHESIS; ASPERGILLUS-PARASITICUS; FUNCTIONAL EXPRESSION; GENE; ACTIN; DYNAMICS; REVEALS; ACCUMULATION; CHRYSOGENUM AB Several species of the filamentous fungus Fusarium colonize plants and produce toxic small molecules that contaminate agricultural products, rendering them unsuitable for consumption. Among the most destructive of these species is F. graminearum, which causes disease in wheat and barley and often infests the grain with harmful trichothecene mycotoxins. Synthesis of these secondary metabolites is induced during plant infection or in culture in response to chemical signals. Our results show that trichothecene biosynthesis involves a complex developmental process that includes dynamic changes in cell morphology and the biogenesis of novel subcellular structures. Two cytochrome P-450 oxygenases (Tri4p and Tri1p) involved in early and late steps in trichothecene biosynthesis were tagged with fluorescent proteins and shown to co-localize to vesicles we provisionally call "toxisomes.'' Toxisomes, the inferred site of trichothecene biosynthesis, dynamically interact with motile vesicles containing a predicted major facilitator superfamily protein (Tri12p) previously implicated in trichothecene export and tolerance. The immediate isoprenoid precursor of trichothecenes is the primary metabolite farnesyl pyrophosphate. Changes occur in the cellular localization of the isoprenoid biosynthetic enzyme HMG CoA reductase when cultures non-induced for trichothecene biosynthesis are transferred to trichothecene biosynthesis inducing medium. Initially localized in the cellular endomembrane system, HMG CoA reductase, upon induction of trichothecene biosynthesis, increasingly is targeted to toxisomes. Metabolic pathways of primary and secondary metabolism thus may be coordinated and co-localized under conditions when trichothecene biosynthesis occurs. C1 [Menke, Jon; Weber, Jakob; Kistler, H. Corby] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Weber, Jakob] Univ Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. [Broz, Karen; Kistler, H. Corby] ARS, USDA, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN USA. RP Kistler, HC (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM hckist@umn.edu OI Broz, Karen/0000-0001-7928-7216 FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture and Food Research Initiative, National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2010-65108-20642]; United States Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative [FY09-KI-016, FY08-KI-118, FY07-KI-12] FX This work was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture and Food Research Initiative, National Institute of Food and Agriculture award number 2010-65108-20642, as well as the United States Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative awards FY09-KI-016, FY08-KI-118 and FY07-KI-12. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 39 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 43 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 7 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 5 AR e63077 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0063077 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 154EP UT WOS:000319654700110 PM 23667578 ER PT J AU White, AM Zipkin, EF Manley, PN Schlesinger, MD AF White, Angela M. Zipkin, Elise F. Manley, Patricia N. Schlesinger, Matthew D. TI Conservation of Avian Diversity in the Sierra Nevada: Moving beyond a Single-Species Management Focus SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID FUEL-REDUCTION TREATMENTS; UNITED-STATES; BIRD COMMUNITIES; RESTORATION TREATMENTS; HABITAT HETEROGENEITY; VEGETATION STRUCTURE; FOREST STRUCTURE; PRESCRIBED FIRE; BIODIVERSITY; CALIFORNIA AB Background: As a result of past practices, many of the dry coniferous forests of the western United States contain dense, even-aged stands with uncharacteristically high levels of litter and downed woody debris. These changes to the forest have received considerable attention as they elevate concerns regarding the outcome of wildland fire. However, attempts to reduce biomass through fuel reduction (i.e., thinning of trees) are often opposed by public interest groups whose objectives include maintaining habitat for species of concern such as the spotted owl, Strix occidentalis, the northern goshawk, Accipiter gentilis, and the Pacific fisher, Martes pennanti. Whether protection of these upper-trophic level species confers adequate conservation of avian forest diversity is unknown. Methodology and Principal Findings: We use a multi-species occurrence model to estimate the habitat associations of 47 avian species detected at 742 sampling locations within an 880-km(2) area in the Sierra Nevada. Our approach, which accounts for variations in detectability of species, estimates occurrence probabilities of all species in a community by linking species occurrence models into one hierarchical community model, thus improving inferences on all species, especially those that are rare or observed infrequently. We address how the avian community is influenced by covariates related to canopy cover, tree size and shrub cover while accounting for the impacts of abiotic variables known to affect species distributions. Conclusions and Significance: Environmental parameters estimated through our approach emphasize the importance of within and between stand-level heterogeneity in meeting biodiversity objectives and suggests that many avian species would increase under more open canopy habitat conditions than those favored by umbrella species of high conservation concern. Our results suggest that a more integrated approach that emphasizes maintaining a diversity of habitats across environmental gradients and minimizing urbanization may have a greater benefit to ecosystem functioning then a single-species management focus. C1 [White, Angela M.; Schlesinger, Matthew D.] US Forest Serv, Conservat Biodivers Grp, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, USDA, Davis, CA USA. [Zipkin, Elise F.] USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD USA. [Zipkin, Elise F.] Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Manley, Patricia N.] US Forest Serv, Conservat Biodivers Grp, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, USDA, Hilo, HI USA. [Schlesinger, Matthew D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Schlesinger, Matthew D.] Univ Calif Davis, Grad Grp Ecol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Schlesinger, Matthew D.] New York Nat Heritage Program, Albany, NY USA. RP White, AM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Conservat Biodivers Grp, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, USDA, Davis, CA USA. EM angelawhite@fs.fed.us RI White, Angela/N-7088-2013 OI White, Angela/0000-0001-7499-7390 FU U.S. Forest Service Lake Tahoe Basin Management Unit; U.S. Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station; Sierra Nevada Public Lands Management Act FX Funding was provided by U.S. Forest Service Lake Tahoe Basin Management Unit, U.S. Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station, and the Sierra Nevada Public Lands Management Act. The funders had no rule in study design, data collection and analysis decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 84 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 57 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 7 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 5 AR e63088 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0063088 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 154EP UT WOS:000319654700111 PM 23667579 ER PT J AU Xue, L Cohnstaedt, LW Scott, HM Scoglio, C AF Xue, Ling Cohnstaedt, Lee W. Scott, H. Morgan Scoglio, Caterina TI A Hierarchical Network Approach for Modeling Rift Valley Fever Epidemics with Applications in North America SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID MOSQUITOS DIPTERA-CULICIDAE; AEDES-AEGYPTI DIPTERA; WEST-NILE-VIRUS; HOST; TRANSMISSION; DISEASE; AFRICA; DYNAMICS; SURVIVAL; CLIMATE AB Rift Valley fever is a vector-borne zoonotic disease which causes high morbidity and mortality in livestock. In the event Rift Valley fever virus is introduced to the United States or other non-endemic areas, understanding the potential patterns of spread and the areas at risk based on disease vectors and hosts will be vital for developing mitigation strategies. Presented here is a general network-based mathematical model of Rift Valley fever. Given a lack of empirical data on disease vector species and their vector competence, this discrete time epidemic model uses stochastic parameters following several PERT distributions to model the dynamic interactions between hosts and likely North American mosquito vectors in dispersed geographic areas. Spatial effects and climate factors are also addressed in the model. The model is applied to a large directed asymmetric network of 3,621 nodes based on actual farms to examine a hypothetical introduction to some counties of Texas, an important ranching area in the United States of America. The nodes of the networks represent livestock farms, livestock markets, and feedlots, and the links represent cattle movements and mosquito diffusion between different nodes. Cattle and mosquito (Aedes and Culex) populations are treated with different contact networks to assess virus propagation. Rift Valley fever virus spread is assessed under various initial infection conditions (infected mosquito eggs, adults or cattle). A surprising trend is fewer initial infectious organisms result in a longer delay before a larger and more prolonged outbreak. The delay is likely caused by a lack of herd immunity while the infection expands geographically before becoming an epidemic involving many dispersed farms and animals almost simultaneously. Cattle movement between farms is a large driver of virus expansion, thus quarantines can be efficient mitigation strategy to prevent further geographic spread. C1 [Xue, Ling; Scoglio, Caterina] Kansas State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Kansas State Epictr, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Cohnstaedt, Lee W.] USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS USA. [Scott, H. Morgan] Kansas State Univ, Dept Diagnost Med Pathobiol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Cohnstaedt, LW (reprint author), USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS USA. EM lee.cohnstaedt@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Homeland Security [2010-ST061-AG0001]; Kansas Biosciences Authority FX This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security under Grant Award Number 2010-ST061-AG0001 and a grant through the Kansas Biosciences Authority. The views and conclusions contained in this publication are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies, either explicit or implicit, of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security and Kansas Biosciences Authority. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 57 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 21 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 7 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 5 AR e62049 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0062049 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 154EP UT WOS:000319654700022 PM 23667453 ER PT J AU Bradbury, KR Borchardt, MA Gotkowitz, M Spencer, SK Zhu, J Hunt, RJ AF Bradbury, Kenneth R. Borchardt, Mark A. Gotkowitz, Madeline Spencer, Susan K. Zhu, Jun Hunt, Randall J. TI Source and Transport of Human Enteric Viruses in Deep Municipal Water Supply Wells SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ACUTE GASTROINTESTINAL ILLNESS; DRINKING-WATER; DISEASE OUTBREAKS; AUGUST 1994; GROUNDWATER; CONTAMINATION; WISCONSIN; SURVEILLANCE; ADENOVIRUSES; ASSOCIATION AB Until recently, few water utilities or researchers were aware of possible virus presence in deep aquifers and wells. During 2008 and 2009 we collected a time series of virus samples from six deep municipal water-supply wells. The wells range in depth from approximately 220 to 300 m and draw water from a sandstone aquifer. Three of these wells draw water from beneath a regional aquitard, and three draw water from both above and below the aquitard. We also sampled a local lake and untreated sewage as potential virus sources. Viruses were detected up to 61% of the time in each well sampled, and many groundwater samples were positive for virus infectivity. Lake samples contained viruses over 75% of the time. Virus concentrations and serotypes observed varied markedly with time in all samples. Sewage samples were all extremely high in virus concentration. Virus serotypes detected in sewage and groundwater were temporally correlated, suggesting very rapid virus transport, on the order of weeks, from the source(s) to wells. Adenovirus and enterovirus levels in the wells were associated with precipitation events. The most likely source of the viruses in the wells was leakage of untreated sewage from sanitary sewer pipes. C1 [Bradbury, Kenneth R.; Gotkowitz, Madeline] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Geol & Nat Hist Survey, Madison, WI 53705 USA. [Borchardt, Mark A.; Spencer, Susan K.] ARS, USDA, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. [Zhu, Jun] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Stat, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Zhu, Jun] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Hunt, Randall J.] US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, Middleton, WI 53562 USA. RP Bradbury, KR (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Geol & Nat Hist Survey, 3817 Mineral Point Rd, Madison, WI 53705 USA. EM krbradbu@wisc.edu FU Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources; Wisconsin Groundwater Research Advisory Council; Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey, University of Wisconsin-Extension FX This work was supported by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, the Wisconsin Groundwater Research Advisory Council, and the Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey, University of Wisconsin-Extension. The Madison Water Utility provided access to wells and logistical support. NR 28 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 54 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD MAY 7 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 9 BP 4096 EP 4103 DI 10.1021/es400509b PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 141WA UT WOS:000318756000020 PM 23570447 ER PT J AU Luo, MC Gu, YQ You, FM Deal, KR Ma, YQ Hu, YQ Huo, NX Wang, Y Wang, JR Chen, SY Jorgensen, CM Zhang, Y McGuire, PE Pasternak, S Stein, JC Ware, D Kramer, M McCombie, WR Kianian, SF Martis, MM Mayer, KFX Sehgal, SK Li, WL Gill, BS Bevan, MW Simkova, H Dolezel, J Song, WN Lazo, GR Anderson, OD Dvorak, J AF Luo, Ming-Cheng Gu, Yong Q. You, Frank M. Deal, Karin R. Ma, Yaqin Hu, Yuqin Huo, Naxin Wang, Yi Wang, Jirui Chen, Shiyong Jorgensen, Chad M. Zhang, Yong McGuire, Patrick E. Pasternak, Shiran Stein, Joshua C. Ware, Doreen Kramer, Melissa McCombie, W. Richard Kianian, Shahryar F. Martis, Mihaela M. Mayer, Klaus F. X. Sehgal, Sunish K. Li, Wanlong Gill, Bikram S. Bevan, Michael W. Simkova, Hana Dolezel, Jaroslav Song Weining Lazo, Gerard R. Anderson, Olin D. Dvorak, Jan TI A 4-gigabase physical map unlocks the structure and evolution of the complex genome of Aegilops tauschii, the wheat D-genome progenitor SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE single nucleotide polymorphism; synteny; gene density; Oryza; BAC contig coassembly ID SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; ARTIFICIAL CHROMOSOME LIBRARIES; BRACHYPODIUM-DISTACHYON; SEQUENCE COMPOSITION; PLANTS; GENES; RECOMBINATION; ORGANIZATION; DIVERGENCE; TRITICEAE AB The current limitations in genome sequencing technology require the construction of physical maps for high-quality draft sequences of large plant genomes, such as that of Aegilops tauschii, the wheat D-genome progenitor. To construct a physical map of the Ae. tauschii genome, we fingerprinted 461,706 bacterial artificial chromosome clones, assembled contigs, designed a 10K Ae. tauschii Infinium SNP array, constructed a 7,185-marker genetic map, and anchored on the map contigs totaling 4.03 Gb. Using whole genome shotgun reads, we extended the SNP marker sequences and found 17,093 genes and gene fragments. We showed that collinearity of the Ae. tauschii genes with Brachypodium distachyon, rice, and sorghum decreased with phylogenetic distance and that structural genome evolution rates have been high across all investigated lineages in subfamily Pooideae, including that of Brachypodieae. We obtained additional information about the evolution of the seven Triticeae chromosomes from 12 ancestral chromosomes and uncovered a pattern of centromere inactivation accompanying nested chromosome insertions in grasses. We showed that the density of noncollinear genes along the Ae. tauschii chromosomes positively correlates with recombination rates, suggested a cause, and showed that new genes, exemplified by disease resistance genes, are preferentially located in high-recombination chromosome regions. C1 [Luo, Ming-Cheng; You, Frank M.; Deal, Karin R.; Ma, Yaqin; Hu, Yuqin; Huo, Naxin; Wang, Yi; Wang, Jirui; Chen, Shiyong; Jorgensen, Chad M.; Zhang, Yong; McGuire, Patrick E.; Dvorak, Jan] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Gu, Yong Q.; Huo, Naxin; Wang, Yi; Lazo, Gerard R.; Anderson, Olin D.] USDA, Genom & Gene Discovery Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, ARS, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Pasternak, Shiran; Stein, Joshua C.; Ware, Doreen; Kramer, Melissa; McCombie, W. Richard] Cold Spring Harbor Lab, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724 USA. [Kianian, Shahryar F.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Martis, Mihaela M.; Mayer, Klaus F. X.] Helmholtz Ctr Munich, Munich Informat Ctr Prot Sequences, Inst Bioinformat & Syst Biol, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany. [Sehgal, Sunish K.; Li, Wanlong; Gill, Bikram S.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Bevan, Michael W.] John Innes Ctr, Norwich NR4 7UJ, Norfolk, England. [Simkova, Hana; Dolezel, Jaroslav] Inst Expt Bot, Ctr Reg Hana Biotechnol & Agr Res, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic. [Song Weining] Northwest Agr & Forestry Univ, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Ware, Doreen] USDA ARS, North Atlantic Area, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Dvorak, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM jdvorak@ucdavis.edu RI Simkova, Hana/F-7734-2014; Dolezel, Jaroslav/B-7716-2008; Mayer, Klaus/M-7941-2015; Lazo, Gerard/A-8900-2009; OI Simkova, Hana/0000-0003-4159-7619; Dolezel, Jaroslav/0000-0002-6263-0492; Mayer, Klaus/0000-0001-6484-1077; Lazo, Gerard/0000-0002-9160-2052; McCombie, W. Richard/0000-0003-1899-0682 FU National Science Foundation Plant Genome Research Program [DBI-0701916, IOS-1032105, DBI-0822100]; US Agricultural Research Service [5325-21000-014, 1907-21000-030]; Czech Science Foundation Grant [5325-21000-014, 1907-21000-030, P501/12/2554] FX We thank C. Soderlund, W. Nelson, J. Messing, and P. Langridge for their service as advisors to the DBI-0701916 project and E. Ghiban at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory for assistance with Illumina sequencing for the IOS-1032105 project. This work was supported by National Science Foundation Plant Genome Research Program Grants DBI-0701916 (Principal Investigator, J. Dvorak), DBI-0822100 (Principal Investigator, S.F.K.), and IOS-1032105 (Principal Investigator, W.R.M.), US Agricultural Research Service Projects 5325-21000-014 and 1907-21000-030, and Czech Science Foundation Grant P501/12/2554 (Principal Investigator, H.S.). This paper is a contribution to the International Wheat Genome Sequencing Consortium. NR 39 TC 84 Z9 88 U1 0 U2 58 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAY 7 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 19 BP 7940 EP 7945 DI 10.1073/pnas.1219082110 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 149NP UT WOS:000319327700088 PM 23610408 ER PT J AU Parker, FD Griswold, T AF Parker, Frank D. Griswold, Terry TI New species of the cleptoparasitic bee genus Stelis (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae, Anthidiini) from the Nearctic Region SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Anthophila; new species; cleptoparasite; host associations; Nearctic AB Descriptions and diagnoses of ten new Nearctic species of Stelis subgenus Stelis are presented: S. alta, S. anasazi, S. anthocopae, S. broemelingi, S. imperialis, S. joanae, S. lamelliterga, S. occidentalis, S. paiute, and S. shoshone. Six of these species have been reared from trapnests. Host associations, all within the tribe Osmiini (Megachilidae), are provided. C1 [Parker, Frank D.; Griswold, Terry] Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Bee Biol & Systemat Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Parker, FD (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Bee Biol & Systemat Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM astata1@gmail.com; terry.griswold@ars.usda.gov FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0742998, DBI-0956388] FX Thanks to Harold Ikerd for providing the images, and to Molly Rightmyer, Victor Gonzalez and an anonymous reviewer for their reviews. This study was supported in part by National Science Foundation grants DEB-0742998 and DBI-0956388. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 8 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD MAY 7 PY 2013 VL 3646 IS 5 BP 529 EP 544 PG 16 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 137OC UT WOS:000318444300003 PM 26213778 ER PT J AU Doyle, VP Oudemans, PV Rehner, SA Litt, A AF Doyle, Vinson P. Oudemans, Peter V. Rehner, Stephen A. Litt, Amy TI Habitat and Host Indicate Lineage Identity in Colletotrichum gloeosporioides s.l. from Wild and Agricultural Landscapes in North America SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PHYLOGENETIC SPECIES RECOGNITION; MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; CRANBERRY FRUIT ROT; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; ECOLOGICAL SPECIATION; GENEALOGICAL APPROACH; PATHOGENICITY TESTS; ANTHRACNOSE DISEASE; MIXED MODELS; SPP. AB Understanding the factors that drive the evolution of pathogenic fungi is central to revealing the mechanisms of virulence and host preference, as well as developing effective disease control measures. Prerequisite to these pursuits is the accurate delimitation of species boundaries. Colletotrichum gloeosporioides s.l. is a species complex of plant pathogens and endophytic fungi for which reliable species recognition has only recently become possible through a multi-locus phylogenetic approach. By adopting an intensive regional sampling strategy encompassing multiple hosts within and beyond agricultural zones associated with cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton), we have integrated North America strains of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides s.l. from these habitats into a broader phylogenetic framework. We delimit species on the basis of genealogical concordance phylogenetic species recognition (GCPSR) and quantitatively assess the monophyly of delimited species at each of four nuclear loci and in the combined data set with the genealogical sorting index (gsi). Our analysis resolved two principal lineages within the species complex. Strains isolated from cranberry and sympatric host plants are distributed across both of these lineages and belong to seven distinct species or terminal clades. Strains isolated from V. macrocarpon in commercial cranberry beds belong to four species, three of which are described here as new. Another species, C. rhexiae Ellis & Everh., is epitypified. Intensive regional sampling has revealed a combination of factors, including the host species from which a strain has been isolated, the host organ of origin, and the habitat of the host species, as useful indicators of species identity in the sampled regions. We have identified three broadly distributed temperate species, C. fructivorum, C. rhexiae, and C. nupharicola, that could be useful for understanding the microevolutionary forces that may lead to species divergence in this important complex of endophytes and plant pathogens. C1 [Doyle, Vinson P.; Litt, Amy] New York Bot Garden, Bronx, NY 10458 USA. [Doyle, Vinson P.] CUNY, Grad Ctr, New York, NY USA. [Oudemans, Peter V.] Rutgers State Univ, Philip E Marucci Ctr Blueberry & Cranberry Res &, Chatsworth, NJ USA. [Rehner, Stephen A.] ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Doyle, VP (reprint author), New York Bot Garden, Bronx, NY 10458 USA. EM vinsonpdoyle@gmail.com OI Oudemans, Peter/0000-0001-7564-0641; Doyle, Vinson/0000-0002-2350-782X FU National Science Foundation [DBI 0749751, DEB 1011120]; Torrey Botanical Society; New York Botanical Garden FX Financial support from the National Science Foundation [www.nsf.gov] (DBI 0749751 and DEB 1011120 - Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant), the Torrey Botanical Society Graduate Research Fellowship [www.torreybotanical.org], and The New York Botanical Garden [www.nybg.org] helped to fund this research. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 83 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 22 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 6 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 5 AR e62394 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0062394 PG 21 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 177QL UT WOS:000321390200021 PM 23671594 ER PT J AU McDowell, SC Akmakjian, G Sladek, C Mendoza-Cozatl, D Morrissey, JB Saini, N Mittler, R Baxter, I Salt, DE Ward, JM Schroeder, JI Guerinot, ML Harper, JF AF McDowell, Stephen C. Akmakjian, Garo Sladek, Chris Mendoza-Cozatl, David Morrissey, Joe B. Saini, Nick Mittler, Ron Baxter, Ivan Salt, David E. Ward, John M. Schroeder, Julian I. Guerinot, Mary Lou Harper, Jeffrey F. TI Elemental Concentrations in the Seed of Mutants and Natural Variants of Arabidopsis thaliana Grown under Varying Soil Conditions SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CAP-BINDING-PROTEIN; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; NUCLEOTIDE-GATED CHANNEL; FUNCTIONAL GENOMICS; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; SALT TOLERANCE; ION-CHANNEL; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; MINERAL CONCENTRATIONS; NA+/H+ ANTIPORTER AB The concentrations of mineral nutrients in seeds are critical to both the life cycle of plants as well as human nutrition. These concentrations are strongly influenced by soil conditions, as shown here by quantifying the concentration of 14 elements in seeds from Arabidopsis thaliana plants grown under four different soil conditions: standard, or modified with NaCl, heavy metals, or alkali. Each of the modified soils resulted in a unique change to the seed ionome (the mineral nutrient content of the seeds). To help identify the genetic networks regulating the seed ionome, changes in elemental concentrations were evaluated using mutants corresponding to 760 genes as well as 10 naturally occurring accessions. The frequency of ionomic phenotypes supports an estimate that as much as 11% of the A. thaliana genome encodes proteins of functional relevance to ion homeostasis in seeds. A subset of mutants were analyzed with two independent alleles, providing five examples of genes important for regulation of the seed ionome: SOS2, ABH1, CCC, At3g14280 and CNGC2. In a comparison of nine different accessions to a Col-0 reference, eight accessions were observed to have reproducible differences in elemental concentrations, seven of which were dependent on specific soil conditions. These results indicate that the A. thaliana seed ionome is distinct from the vegetative ionome, and that elemental analysis is a sensitive approach to identify genes controlling ion homeostasis, including those that regulate gene expression, phospho-regulation, and ion transport. C1 [McDowell, Stephen C.; Sladek, Chris; Saini, Nick; Harper, Jeffrey F.] Univ Nevada, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Akmakjian, Garo; Mendoza-Cozatl, David; Schroeder, Julian I.] Univ Calif San Diego, Div Biol Sci, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Morrissey, Joe B.; Guerinot, Mary Lou] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Biol Sci, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Salt, David E.] Univ Aberdeen, Inst Biol & Environm Sci, Aberdeen, Scotland. [Ward, John M.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Biol, St Paul, MN USA. [Mittler, Ron] Univ N Texas, Dept Biol Sci, Denton, TX 76203 USA. [Baxter, Ivan] ARS, USDA, Plant Genet Res Unit, Donald Danforth Plant Sci Ctr, St Louis, MO USA. RP Harper, JF (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Reno, NV 89557 USA. EM jfharper@unr.edu RI Baxter, Ivan/A-1052-2009; OI Baxter, Ivan/0000-0001-6680-1722; Schroeder, Julian/0000-0002-3283-5972 FU National Science Foundation [DBI-0077378]; National Institutes of Health [1RO1 GM070813-01, P42 ES010337]; Department of Energy [DE-FG03-94ER20152, DE-FG02-03ER15449] FX The seed ionome mutant screen was supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation (http://www.nsf.gov, DBI-0077378) to MLG/JFH/JIS/JW. Grants to JFH from the National Institutes of Health (http://www.nih.gov, 1RO1 GM070813-01) and the Department of Energy (http://www.energy.gov, DE-FG03-94ER20152) supported genetic studies on CNGCs/ACAs, and ALAs, respectively. Grants to JIS from the Department of Energy (http://www.energy.gov, DE-FG02-03ER15449) and the National Institutes of Health (http://www.nih.gov, P42 ES010337) in part supported sos mutant analysis and metal accession analysis. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 81 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 58 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 6 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 5 AR e63014 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0063014 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 177QL UT WOS:000321390200040 PM 23671651 ER PT J AU Byars, JA Fanta, GF Kenar, JA AF Byars, Jeffrey A. Fanta, George F. Kenar, James A. TI Effect of amylopectin on the rheological properties of aqueous dispersions of starch-sodium palmitate complexes SO CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS LA English DT Article DE Amylose; Amylopectin; Inclusion complex; Starch gel; Rheology; Steam jet cooking ID BRANCH CHAIN-LENGTH; STEAM JET COOKING; AMYLOSE; ACID; BEHAVIOR; MIXTURES; SYSTEMS; LIPIDS; CEREAL; RATIO AB Aqueous dispersions of normal and high-amylose corn starch were steam jet cooked and blended with aqueous solutions of sodium palmitate to give starch containing amylose sodium palmitate inclusion complexes. Partial conversion of complexed sodium palmitate to palmitic acid by addition of acetic acid led to the formation of gels. Blends of inclusion complexes prepared from normal and high-amylose corn starch were used to vary the amylose:amylopectin ratio of the gels, and the linear viscoelastic moduli were found to decrease with decreasing amylose:amylopectin ratio. Precipitation of the complexed starch at low pH showed that most of the amylopectin was not part of the gel network. The elastic modulus of the gels was shown to decrease sharply between 74 and 85 degrees C, and the transition temperature increased strongly with decreasing amylose:amylopectin ratio. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Byars, Jeffrey A.; Kenar, James A.] ARS, Funct Foods Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Fanta, George F.] ARS, Plant Polymer Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Byars, JA (reprint author), ARS, Funct Foods Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM jeffrey.byars@ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0144-8617 J9 CARBOHYD POLYM JI Carbohydr. Polym. PD MAY 5 PY 2013 VL 95 IS 1 BP 171 EP 176 DI 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.02.050 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Organic; Polymer Science SC Chemistry; Polymer Science GA 145PQ UT WOS:000319029700024 PM 23618255 ER PT J AU Cunha, CW O'Toole, D Taus, NS Knowles, DP Li, H AF Cunha, Cristina W. O'Toole, Donal Taus, Naomi S. Knowles, Donald P. Li, Hong TI Are rabbits a suitable model to study sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever in susceptible hosts? SO VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ovine herpes virus 2; Sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever; Rabbits; Bison; Animal model ID OVINE HERPESVIRUS 2; BISON BISON-BISON; NASAL SECRETIONS; EXPERIMENTAL-INFECTION; GENE-EXPRESSION; CATTLE; OUTBREAK; PCR; REPLICATION; FEEDLOT AB Sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever (SA-MCF), caused by ovine herpesvirus 2 (OvHV-2), is an often fatal syndrome affecting mainly ruminants. SA-MCF pathogenesis and vaccine studies rely solely on live animals, since OvHV-2 has not been successfully propagated in vitro. Thus, the identification of a laboratory animal model is desirable and necessary to accelerate the identification of virus-host interactions that lead to disease. Rabbits are susceptible to infection with OvHV-2 and the disease can be reliably induced experimentally; however, the viral dynamics and host immune responses in the context of SA-MCF development in rabbits have not yet been evaluated. We addressed these knowledge gaps by experimentally infecting rabbits with OvHV-2 and monitoring viral and host infection parameters. Following intranasal nebulization of OvHV-2 in rabbits, the virus transiently replicates in the lungs inducing only subtle local inflammatory responses; the virus then disseminates systemically and increased levels of viral DNA and transcripts can be detected in multiple tissues as disease develops. The severity of lesions was shown to increase with both viral DNA copy number and expression levels of ORF25, ORF50 and ORF73. The events observed in rabbits following OvHV-2 infection occurred in the same fashion previously reported in bison, a natural clinically susceptible host. The results of this study in conjunction with previous reports demonstrate that rabbits are a valuable model for SA-MCF pathogenesis and vaccine studies. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Cunha, Cristina W.; Taus, Naomi S.; Knowles, Donald P.; Li, Hong] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [O'Toole, Donal] Univ Wyoming, Wyoming State Vet Lab, Laramie, WY 82070 USA. [Cunha, Cristina W.; Taus, Naomi S.; Knowles, Donald P.; Li, Hong] Washington State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Cunha, CW (reprint author), Washington State Univ, 3003 ADBF, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM cwcunha@vetmed.wsu.edu FU USDA-ARS CWU [5348-32000-032-00D] FX This work was supported by USDA-ARS CWU 5348-32000-032-00D. The authors thank Shirley Elias and Janice Keller for excellent technical assistance. NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1135 EI 1873-2542 J9 VET MICROBIOL JI Vet. Microbiol. PD MAY 3 PY 2013 VL 163 IS 3-4 BP 358 EP 363 DI 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.01.002 PG 6 WC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA 117BK UT WOS:000316926900019 PM 23394795 ER PT J AU Schroeder, JI Delhaize, E Frommer, WB Guerinot, ML Harrison, MJ Herrera-Estrella, L Horie, T Kochian, LV Munns, R Nishizawa, NK Tsay, YF Sanders, D AF Schroeder, Julian I. Delhaize, Emmanuel Frommer, Wolf B. Guerinot, Mary Lou Harrison, Maria J. Herrera-Estrella, Luis Horie, Tomoaki Kochian, Leon V. Munns, Rana Nishizawa, Naoko K. Tsay, Yi-Fang Sanders, Dale TI Using membrane transporters to improve crops for sustainable food production SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL SYMBIOSIS; SALT TOLERANCE; NICOTIANAMINE-SYNTHASE; POTASSIUM UPTAKE; ABC TRANSPORTER; ABSCISIC-ACID; FUNCTIONAL EXPRESSION; PHOSPHATE TRANSPORTER; IRON BIOFORTIFICATION; ALUMINUM RESISTANCE AB With the global population predicted to grow by at least 25 per cent by 2050, the need for sustainable production of nutritious foods is critical for human and environmental health. Recent advances show that specialized plant membrane transporters can be used to enhance yields of staple crops, increase nutrient content and increase resistance to key stresses, including salinity, pathogens and aluminium toxicity, which in turn could expand available arable land. C1 [Schroeder, Julian I.] Univ Calif San Diego, Div Biol Sci, Food & Fuel 21st Century Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Delhaize, Emmanuel; Munns, Rana] CSIRO Plant Ind, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Frommer, Wolf B.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Plant Biol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Guerinot, Mary Lou] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Biol Sci, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Harrison, Maria J.] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Herrera-Estrella, Luis] Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Lab Nacl Genom Biodiversidad, Irapuato 36500, Mexico. [Horie, Tomoaki] Shinshu Univ, Fac Text Sci & Technol, Div Appl Biol, Nagano 3868567, Japan. [Kochian, Leon V.] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Robert Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Munns, Rana] Univ Western Australia, Sch Plant Biol, Crawley 6009, Australia. [Nishizawa, Naoko K.] Ishikawa Prefectural Univ, Res Inst Bioresources & Biotechnol, Nonoichi, Ishikawa 9218836, Japan. [Tsay, Yi-Fang] Acad Sinica, Inst Mol Biol, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. [Sanders, Dale] John Innes Ctr Plant Sci Res, Norwich NR4 7UH, Norfolk, England. RP Schroeder, JI (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Div Biol Sci, Food & Fuel 21st Century Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM jischroeder@ucsd.edu; dale.sanders@jic.ac.uk RI Delhaize, Emmanuel/I-6536-2013; Munns, Rana/B-4016-2014; Frommer, Wolf B/A-8256-2008; OI Kochian, Leon/0000-0003-3416-089X; Schroeder, Julian/0000-0002-3283-5972 FU Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences at the US Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-FG02-03ER15449, DE-FG02-04ER15542, DE-FG-2-06ER15809]; Grains Research and Development Corporation, Australia; US National Science Foundation [IOS:0842720, MCB0918220, IOS-091994, DBI 0701119]; UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/J004561/1]; National Institutes of Health [GM060396-P42ES010337, GM078536, P42ES007373]; US Department of Agriculture [2009-02273]; Generation Challenge Grant [G7010.03.06]; Howard Hughes Medical Institute [55005946]; CREST Japan Science and Technology Agency; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan [23119507]; Academia Sinica, Taiwan; National Science Council, Taiwan [NSC 101-2321-B-001-005] FX Research in our laboratories was supported by: the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences at the US Department of Energy (DOE) under grant numbers DE-FG02-03ER15449 (to J.I.S.), DE-FG02-04ER15542 (to W.B.F.) and DE-FG-2-06ER15809 (to M. L. G.); by the Grains Research and Development Corporation, Australia (to R. M. and E. D.); by the US National Science Foundation under grant numbers IOS:0842720 (to M.J.H.), MCB0918220 (to J.I.S.) and IOS-091994 and DBI 0701119 (to M. L. G.); by the UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council under grant number BB/J004561/1 (to D. S.); by the National Institutes of Health under grant numbers GM060396-P42ES010337 (to J.I.S.) and GM078536 and P42ES007373 (to M. L. G.); by the US Department of Agriculture under grant number 2009-02273 (to L. V. K.); by a Generation Challenge Grant under grant number G7010.03.06 (to L. V. K.); by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute under grant number 55005946 (to L. H. E.); the CREST Japan Science and Technology Agency (to N.K.N.); by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan under grant number 23119507 (to T. H.); and by the Academia Sinica, Taiwan and the National Science Council, Taiwan under grant number NSC 101-2321-B-001-005 (to Y.F.T.). NR 93 TC 112 Z9 116 U1 43 U2 471 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD MAY 2 PY 2013 VL 497 IS 7447 BP 60 EP 66 DI 10.1038/nature11909 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 134OK UT WOS:000318221500034 PM 23636397 ER PT J AU McGrath, RP Moshfegh, AJ Kramer, M Rumpler, WV Baer, DJ Vella, CA Scruggs, PW Paul, DR AF McGrath, Ryan P. Moshfegh, Alanna J. Kramer, Matthew Rumpler, William V. Baer, David J. Vella, Chantal A. Scruggs, Philip W. Paul, David R. TI Prediction Of Total Energy Expenditure And Moderate-to-vigorous Physical Activity By The NHANES PAQ SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 60th Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine CY MAY 28-JUN 01, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Coll Sports Med C1 [McGrath, Ryan P.; Vella, Chantal A.; Scruggs, Philip W.; Paul, David R.] Univ Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Moshfegh, Alanna J.; Kramer, Matthew; Rumpler, William V.; Baer, David J.] USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 EI 1530-0315 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 45 IS 5 SU 1 MA 1416 BP 322 EP 322 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 300ND UT WOS:000330469702310 ER PT J AU Coulston, JW Jacobs, DM King, CR Elmore, IC AF Coulston, John W. Jacobs, Dennis M. King, Chris R. Elmore, Ivey C. TI The Influence of Multi-season Imagery on Models of Canopy Cover: A Case Study SO PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERING AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; FOREST INVENTORY; DATABASE; OREGON; AREAS AB Quantifying tree canopy cover in a spatially explicit fashion is important for broad-scale monitoring of ecosystems and for management of natural resources. Researchers have developed empirical models of tree canopy cover to produce geospatial products. For subpixel models, percent tree canopy cover estimates (derived from fine-scale imagery) serve as the response variable. The explanatory variables are developed from reflectance values and derivatives, elevation and derivatives, and other ancillary data. However, there is a lack of guidance in the literature regarding the use of leaf-on only imagery versus multi-season imagery for the explanatory variables. We compared models developed from leaf-on only Landsat imagery with models developed from multi-season imagery for a study area in Georgia. There was no statistical difference among models. We suggest that leaf-on imagery is adequate for the development of empirical models of percent tree canopy cover in the Piedmont of the Southeastern United States. C1 [Coulston, John W.; Jacobs, Dennis M.; King, Chris R.; Elmore, Ivey C.] US Forest Serv, Knoxville, TN 37919 USA. RP Coulston, JW (reprint author), US Forest Serv, 4700 Old Kingston Pike, Knoxville, TN 37919 USA. EM jcoulston@fs.fed.us FU US Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Forest Inventory and Analysis Program FX Funding for this research was provided by the US Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Forest Inventory and Analysis Program. We thank the three anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments. NR 38 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER SOC PHOTOGRAMMETRY PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 210, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2160 USA SN 0099-1112 J9 PHOTOGRAMM ENG REM S JI Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 79 IS 5 BP 469 EP 477 PG 9 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Physical Geography; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 295BY UT WOS:000330092800008 ER PT J AU Ballini, E Lauter, N Wise, R AF Ballini, Elsa Lauter, Nick Wise, Roger TI Prospects for advancing defense to cereal rusts through genetical genomics SO FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE eQTL; parallel expression; wheat; barley; Puccinia; Triticeae; cereal rusts ID F-SP TRITICI; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; DISEASE-RESISTANCE GENE; PLANT IMMUNE-SYSTEM; WHEAT LEAF RUST; STEM RUST; PUCCINIA-GRAMINIS; TRANSCRIPTOME ANALYSIS; STRIPE RUST; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION AB Rusts are one of the most severe threats to cereal crops because new pathogen races emerge regularly, resulting in infestations that lead to large yield losses. In 1999, a new race of stem rust, Puccinia grarninis f. sp. tritici (Pgt TTKSK or Ug99), was discovered in Uganda. Most of the wheat and barley cultivars grown currently worldwide are susceptible to this new race. Pgt TTKSK has already spread northward into Iran and will likely spread eastward throughout the Indian subcontinent in the near future. This scenario is not unique to stern rust; new races of leaf rust (Puccitya trittcrna) and stripe rust (Puccinia strliformis) have also emerged recently. One strategy for countering the persistent adaptability of these pathogens is to stack complete- and partial-resistance genes, which requires significant breeding efforts in order to reduce deleterious effects of linkage drag. These varied resistance combinations are typically more difficult for the pathogen to defeat, since they would be predicted to apply lower selection pressure. Genetical genomics or expression Quantitative Trait Locus (eQTL) analysis enables the identification of regulatory loci that control the expression of many to hundreds of genes. Integrated deployment of these technologies coupled with efficient phenotyping offers significant potential to elucidate the regulatory nodes in genetic networks that orchestrate host defense responses. The focus of this review will be to present advances in genetical genomic experimental designs and analysis, particularly as they apply to the prospects for discovering partial disease resistance alleles in cereals. C1 [Ballini, Elsa; Lauter, Nick; Wise, Roger] Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Ctr Plant Responses Environm Stresses, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Wise, R (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Ctr Plant Responses Environm Stresses, 351 Bessey Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM rpwise@iastate.edu RI Ballini, Elsa/A-7270-2014; OI Balllini, Elsa/0000-0002-2571-2069 FU National Science Foundation Plant Genome [05-00461, 09-22746]; USDA-ARS CRIS [3625-21000-057-00D]; USDA-ARS Postdoctoral Research Associateship FX The authors thank Matthew Moscou for helpful advice and ideas on genetical genomics. This research was supported in part by National Science Foundation Plant Genome grants 05-00461 and 09-22746, and USDA-ARS CRIS project 3625-21000-057-00D. Elsa Ballini was supported by a USDA-ARS Postdoctoral Research Associateship. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 129 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 40 PU FRONTIERS MEDIA SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, EPFL INNOVATION PARK, BUILDING I, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-462X J9 FRONT PLANT SCI JI Front. Plant Sci. PD MAY 1 PY 2013 VL 4 AR 117 DI 10.3389/fpls.2013.00117 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 292KN UT WOS:000329900700001 PM 23641250 ER PT J AU Haywood, JD AF Haywood, James D. TI Effects of Herbaceous and Woody Plant Control on Longleaf Pine Growth and Understory Plant Cover SO SOUTHERN JOURNAL OF APPLIED FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE hexazinone; Pinus palustris Mill.; sethoxydim; triclopyr; vegetation management ID GROWING SEASONS; PRESCRIBED FIRE; HERBAGE AB To determine if either herbaceous or woody plants are more competitive with longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) trees, four vegetation management treatments-check, herbaceous plant control (HPC), woody plant control (WPC), and HPC + WPC-were applied in newly established longleaf pine plantings in a randomized complete block design in two studies. Prescribed fire was repeatedly applied across both study sites, and pine measurements were continued for 12 years. Pine survival was not significantly different among the four treatments in either study. In Study 1, pines were taller on HPC + WPC plots than on checks, and pine basal area and volume per ha were greater on HPC and HPC + WPC plots than on checks. Volume per ha ranged from 45 m(3)/ha on checks to 70 m(3)/ha on HPC + WPC plots. The WPC treatment was ineffective. In Study 2, there were no significant basal area and volume per ha differences among the four treatments. Volume per ha ranged from 119 m(3)/ha on checks to 151 m(3)/ha on HPC + WPC plots after 12 years. In the thirteenth growing season, HPC + WPC plots had more surface area covered in litter than did checks, and there was less grass cover on HPC plots than on checks in Study 1. In Study 2, litter and plant cover in the understory were not significantly different among the four treatments. With the application of fire, HPC remained effective when basal area per ha did not exceed 14 m(2)/ha. WPC was not beneficial perhaps because prescribed fire was repeatedly applied making WPC unnecessary. C1 USDA, Forest Serv, South Res Stn, Pineville, LA USA. RP Haywood, JD (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, South Res Stn, Pineville, LA USA. EM dhaywood@fs.fed.us NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 17 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0148-4419 J9 SOUTH J APPL FOR JI South. J. Appl. For. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 37 IS 2 BP 108 EP 112 DI 10.5849/sjaf.11-045 PG 5 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 270MA UT WOS:000328321300008 ER PT J AU Welsh, HH Hodgson, GR AF Welsh, Hartwell H., Jr. Hodgson, Garth R. TI Woodland salamanders as metrics of forest ecosystem recovery: a case study from California's redwoods SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Batrachoseps attenuatus; biometrics; body condition; Ensatina eschscholtzii; Plethodon elongatus; redwood forest; seral recovery; succession; surface counts; woodland salamanders ID OLD-GROWTH FORESTS; BROOK EXPERIMENTAL FOREST; BODY CONDITION INDEXES; BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION; PLETHODONTID SALAMANDERS; TERRESTRIAL SALAMANDERS; HEADWATER STREAMS; NORTHWESTERN CALIFORNIA; ECOLOGICAL THRESHOLDS; LUNGLESS SALAMANDERS AB Woodland (Plethodontid) salamanders occur in huge numbers in healthy forests in North America where the abundances of many species vary along successional gradients. Their high numbers and trophic role as predators on shredder and decomposer arthropods influence nutrient and carbon pathways at the leaf litter/soil interface. Their extreme niche conservatism and low vagility offer further advantages to the use of these salamanders as metrics of forest ecosystem condition. Mill Creek is a 103 km 2 commercially logged redwood forest watershed acquired as parkland where original primary forest is being restored. This study evaluated woodland salamanders as metrics of seral recovery at Mill Creek. Surface counts and body condition were examined in four sets of stands, two early seral, one mature, and one of primary forest (never harvested old-growth). Later seral sites were closer to the coast where fog increased available moisture; younger sites were further inland at higher elevations where fog was reduced. We distinguished the effects of geography and succession using ANCOVA with a PCA-derived landscape covariate. Both geography and succession increased counts of California Slender Salamanders (Batrachoseps attenuatus); advancing succession alone indicated increased counts of Ensatina (Ensatina eschscholtzii). Means and variances in body condition of these two species were lower in older stands; for the Del Norte salamander (Plethodon elongatus) only the means were lower. Coastal proximity increased mean body condition in E. eschscholtzii, but with P. elongatus it was the opposite. We modeled surface counts and body condition along environmental gradients associated with succession. The counts and body condition in two of three species when taken together suggested that the increased structural complexity in late-seral forest stands supported larger populations that appeared to be competing for limited resources and, thus, likely have greater population fitness than those in younger forests. B. attenuatus and E. eschscholtzii proved to be viable metrics of advancing succession with their numbers and body condition providing readily quantifiable measures of ecosystem recovery at Mill Creek. C1 [Welsh, Hartwell H., Jr.; Hodgson, Garth R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Redwood Sci Lab, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. RP Welsh, HH (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Redwood Sci Lab, 1700 Bayview Dr, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. EM hwelsh@fs.fed.us FU National Fish and Wildlife Foundation; USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station FX We thank Dan Porter (Save-the-Redwoods League) and Jay Harris (California State Parks) for inviting us to do this research. Save-the-Redwoods League and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation provided funding. We thank Monty Larson and Justin Garwood for field assistance, and Terra Fuller, Mike Best and Eric Russell for filling in as needed. Karen Pope, Jim Baldwin and Bret Harvey were helpful with the analysis and manuscript development. Funding for this project was also provided by the USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station. NR 123 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 19 U2 86 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD MAY PY 2013 VL 4 IS 5 AR UNSP 59 DI 10.1890/ES12-00400.1 PG 25 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 256KF UT WOS:000327308300008 ER PT J AU Wang, YS Bradford, SA Simunek, J AF Wang, Yusong Bradford, Scott A. Simunek, Jiri TI Transport and fate of microorganisms in soils with preferential flow under different solution chemistry conditions SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE transport of microorganisms; preferential flow; artificial macropore; HYDRUS ID SATURATED POROUS-MEDIA; MACROPORE CONTINUITY; COLLOID TRANSPORT; FECAL BACTERIA; IONIC-STRENGTH; VADOSE ZONE; WATER-FLOW; ADHESION; NONEQUILIBRIUM; SUBSURFACE AB Laboratory and numerical studies were conducted to investigate the transport and fate of Escherichia coli D21g and coliphage phi X174 in saturated soils with preferential flow under different solution ionic strength (IS=1, 5, 20, and 100 mM) conditions. Preferential flow systems were created by embedding a coarse-sand lens (710 mu m) into a finer matrix sand (120 mu m). Complementary transport experiments were conducted in homogeneous sand columns to identify controlling transport and retention processes, and to independently determine model parameters for numerical simulations in the heterogeneous experiments. Results from homogeneous and heterogeneous transport experiments demonstrate that retention of E. coli D21g and phi X174 increased with IS, while the effect on E. coli D21g in finer sand was much greater than in coarse sand. This microbe transport behavior was well described by numerical simulations. The importance of preferential flow on microbe transport was found to be enhanced at higher IS, even though the overall transport decreased. However, the contribution of preferential flow was much higher for E. coli D21g than phi X174. Deposition profiles revealed significant cell retention at the interface of the coarse-sand lens and the fine-sand matrix as a result of mass transfer. Cell release from the preferential flow system with a reduction of solution IS exhibited multipulse breakthrough behavior that was strongly dependent on the initial amount of cell retention, especially at the lens-matrix interface. C1 [Wang, Yusong; Simunek, Jiri] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Environm Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Bradford, Scott A.] ARS, US Salin Lab, USDA, Riverside, CA USA. RP Wang, YS (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Environm Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM Ywang032@ucr.edu FU USDA; ARS; Multistate Research [W-2188]; [NP 214] FX We would like to thank Lorena Altamirano for her help in conducting some of the experimental research presented herein. This research was supported in part by the USDA, ARS, NP 214, and Multistate Research Funded project W-2188. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 79 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 7 U2 55 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 EI 1944-7973 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 49 IS 5 BP 2424 EP 2436 DI 10.1002/wrcr.20174 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 216OD UT WOS:000324292300008 ER PT J AU Jin, TZ Gurtler, JB Li, SQ AF Jin, Tony Z. Gurtler, Joshua B. Li, Si-Quan TI Development of Antimicrobial Coatings for Improving the Microbiological Safety and Quality of Shell Eggs SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID SALMONELLA-ENTERITIDIS; ALLYL ISOTHIOCYANATE; POLYLACTIC ACID; POLY(LACTIC ACID); FOOD PRESERVATION; INACTIVATION; CHITOSAN; STORAGE; CONTAMINATION; NISIN AB This study was conducted to develop antimicrobial coatings to decontaminate and prevent cross-contamination of shell eggs. Egg shells were inoculated with nalidixic acid-resistant Salmonella enterica Enteritidis strains OB030832, OB040159, and C405 and treated with antimicrobial coatings. Polylactic acid served as a nonedible polymer, and chitosan served as an edible polymer carrier of natural antimicrobials, including nisin, allyl isothiocyanate (AIT), lauric arginate ester (LAE), and organic acids. Increases of AIT concentrations or addition of nisin to AIT in either the polylactic acid or chitosan coating solutions resulted in greater reductions of Salmonella. Chitosan coatings with 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0% LAE reduced Salmonella by 1.7, 2.5, and 5.2 log CFU/cm(2), respectively. Shell eggs treated with 1.0 and 0.5% LAE in chitosan coatings had nondetectable Salmonella cells (<0.5 log CFU/cm(2)) after 3 and 7 days of storage at 7 degrees C, respectively, and no outgrowth was observed up to 28 days. Coating treatments significantly reduced weight loss of shell eggs during 12 weeks of storage at 7 or 4 degrees C. This study demonstrates an alternative and effective intervention technology for decontaminating shell eggs and provides an alternative approach to reduce possible recalls and outbreaks associated with pathogen contamination on shell eggs and in egg products. C1 [Jin, Tony Z.; Gurtler, Joshua B.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA USA. [Li, Si-Quan] Michael Foods Inc, Gaylord, MN 55334 USA. RP Jin, TZ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA USA. EM tony.jin@ars.usda.gov OI Jin, Tony/0000-0003-0504-5817 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service (ARS) Current Research Information System through ARS National Program [1935-41000-092-00D, 108] FX This study was funded by U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service (ARS) Current Research Information System project no. 1935-41000-092-00D through ARS National Program 108. The authors gratefully acknowledge the technical support of Ms. Anita Parameswaran. NR 53 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 27 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 76 IS 5 BP 779 EP 785 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-12-460 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 240FN UT WOS:000326080500006 PM 23643119 ER PT J AU Liu, NT Lefcourt, AM Nou, XW Shelton, DR Zhang, GD Lo, YM AF Liu, Nancy T. Lefcourt, Alan M. Nou, Xiangwu Shelton, Daniel R. Zhang, Guodong Lo, Y. Martin TI Native Microflora in Fresh-Cut Produce Processing Plants and Their Potentials for Biofilm Formation SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; BACTERIAL BIOFILMS; FOOD-INDUSTRY; DISINFECTION; O157H7; MICROORGANISMS; CONTAMINATION; ENVIRONMENT; VEGETABLES; RESISTANCE AB Representative food contact and nonfood contact surfaces in two mid-sized, fresh-cut processing facilities were sampled for microbiological analyses after routine daily sanitization. Mesophilic and psychrotrophic bacteria on the sampled surfaces were isolated by plating on nonselective bacterial media. Alternatively, bacteria were isolated after an incubation period that allowed the formation of heterogeneous biofilms on stainless steel beads. Of over 1,000 tested isolates, most were capable of forming biofilms, with approximately 30% being strong or moderate biofilm formers. Selected isolates (117) were subjected to species identification by using the Biolog Gen III microbial identification system. They distributed among 23 genera, which included soil bacteria, plant-related bacteria, coliforms, and opportunistic plant-or human-pathogenic bacteria. The most commonly identified bacteria species were Pseudomonas fluorescens, Rahnella aquatilis, and Ralstonia insidiosa. The high prevalence of R. insidiosa, a strong biofilm former, and P. fluorescens, a moderate biofilm former, suggests that they were established residents in the sampled plants. These results suggest that native microflora capable of forming biofilms are widely distributed in fresh-produce processing environments. C1 [Liu, Nancy T.; Lo, Y. Martin] Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Liu, Nancy T.; Lefcourt, Alan M.; Nou, Xiangwu; Shelton, Daniel R.] ARS, USDA, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Zhang, Guodong] US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, Off Regulatory Sci, Div Microbiol, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. RP Nou, XW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Bldg 173 BARC East,Powder Mill Rd, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Xiangwu.nou@ars.usda.gov NR 24 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 23 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 76 IS 5 BP 827 EP 832 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-12-433 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 240FN UT WOS:000326080500011 PM 23643124 ER PT J AU Wanjura, JD Boman, RK Kelley, MS Ashbrook, CW Faulkner, WB Holt, GA Pelletier, MG AF Wanjura, J. D. Boman, R. K. Kelley, M. S. Ashbrook, C. W. Faulkner, W. B. Holt, G. A. Pelletier, M. G. TI EVALUATION OF COMMERCIAL COTTON HARVESTING SYSTEMS IN THE SOUTHERN HIGH PLAINS SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Cotton; Ginning; Harvesting; Picker harvester; Stripper harvester ID QUALITY AB Cotton production practices have changed in the Southern High Plains of the United States over the last decade resulting in increased yields and improved fiber quality. Moreover; the majority of US. cotton now competes in a global fiber market that demands higher quality fiber for ring spun yarn than the former domestic open-end market. The brush-roll stripper harvester is the predominate machine used to harvest the Southern High Plains cotton crop, but interest in spindle pickers has increased recently in efforts to better preserve fiber quality, enhance profitability, and maintain the market share of US. cotton in the global fiber market. This work was conducted to compare yields, fiber quality, and agronomic parameters between picker and stripper-based harvest systems under commercial production and ginning conditions. Large-scale harvest system comparison tests were conducted at seven sub-surface drip irrigated sites across the Texas High Plains during the 2008-2010 crop years using brush-roll strippers with field cleaners and spindle pickers. Four cotton modules harvested from each site under each harvest method were ginned by a commercial gin. Compared to picker-harvested cotton, stripper-harvested cotton had 1096 kg ha(-1) higher seed cotton yield which increased ginning charges by $72.40 ha(-1). Seed and lint yields were 217 and 108 kg ha(-1) higher, respectively, for stripper-harvested cotton resulting in $88.78 ha(-1) higher total production revenue. Notwithstanding higher lint yield for the stripper system, custom harvesting was $51.38 ha(-1) more expensive for the picker system due to the custom harvesting rates used (picking: $0.22 per lint kg; stripping: $0.18 per lint kg). Except for strength and reflectance that showed no difference by harvest method, all High Volume Instrument (HVI) fiber quality parameters were improved for picker-harvested cotton. Due to improved HVI fiber quality and a substantial decrease in the number of bark contaminated bales, lint value was higher for picker-harvested cotton. However; increased lint value was offset by decreased yield such that net revenue was $66.76 ha(-1) higher for stripper-harvested cotton across all sites. C1 [Wanjura, J. D.] USDA ARS, Cotton Prod & Proc Res Unit, Lubbock, TX USA. [Boman, R. K.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Altus, OK USA. [Kelley, M. S.; Ashbrook, C. W.] Texas AgriLife Extens Serv, Extens Agronomist Cotton, Lubbock, TX USA. [Faulkner, W. B.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, College Stn, TX USA. [Holt, G. A.; Pelletier, M. G.] USDA ARS, Cotton Prod & Proc Res Unit, Lubbock, TX USA. RP Wanjura, JD (reprint author), USDA ARS, CPPRU, 1604 E FM 1294, Lubbock, TX USA. EM John.Wanjura@ARS.USDA.GOV FU Plains Cotton Growers Plains Cotton Improvement Program; Cotton Incorporated FX The authors wish to extend their appreciation to Plains Cotton Growers Plains Cotton Improvement Program and Cotton Incorporated for financial support of this work; John Deere for providing use of the 9996 cotton picker; all of the producers for their cooperation and patience; and all of the gins for their critical cooperation. These producers included: Jerry Mimms, Rhea Mimms, Brady Mimms, Steve Verett, Eddie Verett, Kris Verett, Heath Verett, Brad Heffington, Kelli Merritt, and Lee Riggins. Commercial gins included: Texas Star Gin, Owens Co-op Gin, Ocho Gin, and Acuff-McClung Co-op Gin. Thanks also to Mrs. Jane Byers-Angle with USDA-AMS in Lubbock, Texas, for assistance in gathering historical cotton variety and quality reports. NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 EI 1943-7838 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 29 IS 3 BP 321 EP 332 PG 12 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 232RL UT WOS:000325511600003 ER PT J AU Wagner, LE Fox, FA AF Wagner, L. E. Fox, F. A. TI THE MANAGEMENT SUBMODEL OF THE WIND EROSION PREDICTION SYSTEM SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Tillage; Modeling; Models; Soil; Wind erosion; Crop rotation ID SOIL AB The Wind Erosion Prediction System (WEPS) is a process-based, daily time-step computer model that predicts soil erosion via the simulation of the physical processes controlling wind erosion. WEPS is comprised of five databases and several submodels which reflect the physical processes of erosion, soil water movement, plant growth, residue decomposition, dynamic soil properties, and management practices. This article describes the WEPS management submodel component which simulates the effects of typical cropping management practices, such as tillage, planting, harvesting, irrigation, or residue burning, at an operational level. Such management practices can affect the surface conditions, which in turn affect wind erosion potential. A variety of land management operations is simulated by identifying the primary physical processes involved and representing each individual operation as a sequenced set of those processes. The process categories include: 1) surface modification (the creation or destruction of ridges and/or furrow dikes that form oriented surface roughness, change the surface random roughness, and destroy the soil crust); 2) mass manipulation' within soil layers (the changes in the aggregate size distribution and soil porosity, the mixing of soil and residue among soil layers, and soil layer inversion); 3) biomass manipulation (burying and resurfacing of residue, clipping the standing residue, flattening the standing residue, killing the live crop biomass, and removing biomass); and 4) soil amendments (the application of residue/manure for coven seeding or planting crops, and irrigation). C1 [Wagner, L. E.; Fox, F. A.] USDA ARS, Engn & Wind Eros Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Wagner, LE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Engn & Wind Eros Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM larry.wagner@ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 EI 1943-7838 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 29 IS 3 BP 361 EP 372 PG 12 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 232RL UT WOS:000325511600007 ER PT J AU Saia, SM Brooks, ES Easton, ZM Baffaut, C Boll, J Steenhuis, TS AF Saia, S. M. Brooks, E. S. Easton, Z. M. Baffaut, C. Boll, J. Steenhuis, T. S. TI INCORPORATING PESTICIDE TRANSPORT INTO THE WEPP MODEL FOR MULCH TILLAGE AND No TILLAGE PLOTS WITH AN UNDERLYING CLAYPAN SOIL SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Atrazine; Tillage; Claypan ID SOURCE AREA HYDROLOGY; WATERSHED LOADING FUNCTIONS; SOURCE POLLUTION MODEL; MANAGEMENT-PRACTICES; HERBICIDE TRANSPORT; SURFACE RUNOFF; AGRICULTURAL WATERSHEDS; PHOSPHORUS TRANSPORT; HYDRAULIC-PROPERTIES; CROPPING SYSTEMS AB Best management practice (MP) tools that provide site-specific water quality assessment with limited input data are needed to assist soil and water managers as they work to target BMP placement and reduce dissolved and sediment bound pesticide loss from agricultural landscapes. BMP effectiveness largely depends on accurate characterization of dominant regional hydrologic processes. However, most BMP tools are region specific in their characterization of hydrology (e.g., most models capture either infiltration excess runoff or saturation excess runoff but cannot predict a combination of the two). In this study, we develop and couple a pesticide transport module with the Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) model (v2012.8). The WEPP model realistically simulates infiltration excess and saturation excess runoff as well as dissolved pesticide loss from hillslopes in the Goodwater Creek Experimental Watershed (GCEW) in northeastern Missouri. Simulated runoff and dissolved atrazine concentrations were compared to observed data from mulch till (MT) and no till (NT) plots in the GCEW. The timing of runoff predicted by WEPP coincided well with observed events and simulated flow magnitudes were between minimum and maximum observations for replicate plots. Event-based Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiencies (NSE) are 0.84 and 0.79 for MT and NT runoff simulations, respectively. Both simulations and observations showed little difference in total growing season (planting to harvest) runoff between MT and NT Event-based dissolved atrazine loads are well predicted for MT and NT with NSEs of 0.59 and 0.71, respectively. Consistent with observations, seasonal NT atrazine losses were greater than losses from MT plots. While this study only focuses on dissolved pesticide transport from the base of hillslopes using MT and NT conservation practices, the WEPP pesticide transport module is capable of predicting both dissolved and sediment bound pesticide loss from each section of the hillslope (i.e., top-slope, mid-slope, and toe-slope) for a wide range of BMPs. However, further field data are needed to evaluate these aspects of the model. C1 [Saia, S. M.; Steenhuis, T. S.] Cornell Univ, Dept Biol & Environm Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Brooks, E. S.] Univ Idaho, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Easton, Z. M.] Virginia Tech, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Baffaut, C.] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Boll, J.] Univ Idaho, Dept Environm Sci & Water Resources, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. RP Steenhuis, TS (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Biol & Environm Engn, 206 Robb Riley Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM tss1@cornell.edu FU USDA-NIFA [2007-51130-03992] FX This study was funded through the USDA-NIFA Funded CEAP Synthesis Project No. 2007-51130-03992. NR 71 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 15 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 EI 1943-7838 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 29 IS 3 BP 373 EP 382 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 232RL UT WOS:000325511600008 ER PT J AU Barros-Parada, W Knight, AL Basoalto, E Fuentes-Contreras, E AF Barros-Parada, Wilson Knight, Alan L. Basoalto, Esteban Fuentes-Contreras, Eduardo TI An evaluation of orange and clear traps with pear ester to monitor codling moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in apple orchards SO CIENCIA E INVESTIGACION AGRARIA LA English DT Article DE Codlemone; Cydia pomonella; lure; monitoring; pear ester; semiochemical ID CODLEMONE-BAITED TRAPS; PHEROMONE-TREATED ORCHARDS; CYDIA-POMONELLA L.; PLUS ACETIC-ACID; MATING DISRUPTION; INCREASED CATCH; ETHYL (E; KAIROMONE; ATTRACTION; Z)-2,4-DECADIENOATE AB Studies were conducted to evaluate the use of several trap-lure combinations to improve the monitoring of codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), in apple, Mains domestica Bordk. The treatments involved the use of clear, orange, and white traps baited with one or more of the following attractants: the major sex pheromone component of the codling moth, (E, E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol (codlemone, PH); a primary volatile constituent of ripe pear, ethyl (E, Z)-2,4-decadienoate (pear ester, PE); and acetic acid (AA). The studies were conducted in an orchard treated with sex pheromone dispensers in Washington State (USA) and in four untreated orchards in the Maule Region (Chile). In Washington State, the PE+AA lures caught more females than the PE+PH lure in both the clear and orange traps. The clear traps caught more female moths than the orange traps when each trap was baited with the PE+PH lure. The two lures caught similar total numbers of moths across trap colors. The clear traps baited with PE+PH caught significantly more total moths than the orange traps baited with PE+AA. In Chile, the clear traps baited with PE+AA caught more females than the orange traps baited with PE+PH over both moth flights during two field seasons. The white traps baited with PH and the orange traps baited with PE+PH caught similar total numbers of moths in three of the four flight periods. The clear trap baited with PE+AA caught significantly fewer moths than the two treatments that included a PH lure in two of the four flight periods. These data suggest that the adoption of clear delta traps with PE-I-AA lures would allow growers to better track the seasonal population dynamics of female codling moths. C1 [Barros-Parada, Wilson; Fuentes-Contreras, Eduardo] Univ Talca, Fac Ciencias Agr, Talca, Chile. [Knight, Alan L.] ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, USDA, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. [Basoalto, Esteban] Oregon State Univ, Southern Oregon Res & Extens Ctr, Central Point, OR 97502 USA. RP Barros-Parada, W (reprint author), Univ Talca, Fac Ciencias Agr, Casilla 747, Talca, Chile. EM wbarros@utalca.cl RI Fuentes-Contreras, Eduardo/A-7595-2008; Barros, Wilson/I-5535-2013; Basoalto Venegas, Esteban/A-6384-2016 OI Fuentes-Contreras, Eduardo/0000-0003-3567-3830; Barros, Wilson/0000-0003-3015-4927; Basoalto Venegas, Esteban/0000-0003-2280-8978 FU Fondo de Desarrollo Cientifico y Tecnologico (FONDECYT) [1071029]; Universidad de Talca FX This work was funded by Fondo de Desarrollo Cientifico y Tecnologico (FONDECYT) grant 1071029 to EFC. Doctoral fellowships to EB and WB from Universidad de Talca are also acknowledged. Helpful comments were provided by Richard Hilton (Oregon State University, Southern Oregon Research & Extension Center, Medford, OR) and Douglas M. Light (USDA-ARS, Western Regional Research Center, Albany, CA). Felipe Van Diejen kindly provided access to his apple orchard in Talca. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 13 PU PONTIFICIA UNIV CATOLICA CHILE, FAC AGRONOMIA INGENIERIA FORESTAL PI SANTIAGO PA AV VICUNA MACKENNA 4860, SANTIAGO, 00000, CHILE SN 0718-1620 J9 CIENC INVESTIG AGRAR JI Cienc. Investig. Agrar. PD MAY-AUG PY 2013 VL 40 IS 2 BP 307 EP 315 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 229CZ UT WOS:000325240700006 ER PT J AU Aldrich, ND Perry, C Thomas, W Raatz, SK Reicks, M AF Aldrich, Noel D. Perry, Courtney Thomas, William Raatz, Susan K. Reicks, Marla TI Perceived Importance of Dietary Protein to Prevent Weight Gain: A National Survey among Midlife Women SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE protein; midlife women; protein sources; weight gain; overweight ID BODY-MASS INDEX; SELF-EFFICACY; ENERGY-INTAKE; LOSE WEIGHT; US ADULTS; OBESITY; CARBOHYDRATE; COMORBIDITIES; MAINTENANCE; PREVALENCE AB Objective: Evaluate reported use of the practice of "eating more protein'' to prevent weight gain among midlife women. Design: Cross-sectional national survey. Participants: One thousand eight hundred twenty-four midlife women (40-60 y) from the 9 United States geographic regions, primarily married (71%), white (76%), and well educated; half were premenopausal (49%). Outcomes: Frequency of dietary practices to prevent weight gain, Weight Efficacy Lifestyle score, self-reported weight change and body mass index over the past 2 years, and current protein intake. Analysis: Linear regression models determined associations between weight change, protein intake, and reported use of the practice of "eating more protein'' to prevent weight gain. Results: Most women correctly identified good protein sources, and the majority could indicate the daily percent dietary energy recommended from protein. "Eating more protein'' to prevent weight gain was reported by 43% of women as a practice to prevent weight gain and was associated with weight loss over a 2-year period and with increased percent energy from protein. Conclusions and Implications: Reported use of the practice of "eating more protein'' was associated with weight loss over 2 years. Education regarding dietary protein requirements may enhance the use of this practice. C1 [Aldrich, Noel D.] Northwestern Hlth Sci Univ, Coll Grad Hlth Sci, Bloomington, MN 55431 USA. [Aldrich, Noel D.; Perry, Courtney; Reicks, Marla] Univ Minnesota, Dept Food Sci & Nutr, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Thomas, William] Univ Minnesota, Dept Biostat, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Raatz, Susan K.] USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. [Raatz, Susan K.] Univ Minnesota, Gen Clin Res Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Aldrich, ND (reprint author), Northwestern Hlth Sci Univ, 2501 W 84th St, Bloomington, MN 55431 USA. EM naldrich@nwhealth.edu FU National Research Initiative Grant from United States Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture Human Nutrition and Obesity program [2007-55215-17907] FX This project was supported by National Research Initiative Grant no. 2007-55215-17907 from the United States Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture Human Nutrition and Obesity program. NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1499-4046 EI 1878-2620 J9 J NUTR EDUC BEHAV JI J. Nutr. Educ. Behav. PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 45 IS 3 BP 213 EP 221 DI 10.1016/j.jneb.2012.08.002 PG 9 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Education & Educational Research; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 222PP UT WOS:000324743800005 PM 23622350 ER PT J AU Parikh, D Ingber, B Nam, S Bhat, G Warnock, M Harrington, L AF Parikh, Dharnidhar Ingber, Bruce Nam, Sunghyun Bhat, Gajanan Warnock, Mary Harrington, Lee TI Flame-retardant cotton barrier nonwovens for mattresses SO JOURNAL OF FIRE SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Grey cotton; unbleached cotton; nonwoven; green barrier fabric; flame-retardant; CPSC 16 CFR 1633 ID COMBUSTION; CELLULOSE; PYROLYSIS; FABRICS; FR AB According to regulation CPSC 16 CFR 1633, every new residential mattress sold in the United States since July 2007 must resist ignition by open flame. An environmentally benign green, inexpensive way to meet this regulation is to use a low-cost flame-retardant barrier fabric. In this study, a nonwoven fabric of grey unbleached cotton was treated with a low-cost phosphate-based formulation. The energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis showed uniform nitrogen and phosphorus distribution. With 17% add-on, the flame-retardant unbleached cotton barrier showed a limiting oxygen index of 33% oxygen and 83 mm of char length with no after-flame and no afterglow in the vertical flame test. Under air and nitrogen at 500 degrees C, 24% and 35% char remained after thermogravimetric analyses, respectively. This flame resistance is comparable to that of current commercial barrier fabrics made from bleached cotton and Flovan cyanoguanidine or from T-bond grey cotton fiber highlofts (Jones Fiber). Mattresses constructed with a flame-retardant cotton nonwoven barrier fabric are predicted to meet the requirements of 16CFR1633. As a follow-up to this study, a full-scale mattress burn test is recommended. C1 [Parikh, Dharnidhar; Ingber, Bruce; Nam, Sunghyun] ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Bhat, Gajanan] Univ Tennessee, Nonwovens Res Lab, Knoxville, TN USA. [Warnock, Mary] Univ Arkansas, Sch Human Environm Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Harrington, Lee] Huntsman Corp, Text Effects, High Point, NC USA. RP Parikh, D (reprint author), ARS, Directors Off, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM Dharnid.parikh@ars.usda.gov RI Bhat, Gajanan/F-1937-2010 OI Bhat, Gajanan/0000-0003-4485-7586 FU US Department of Agriculture FX This research was funded by appropriations to the US Department of Agriculture. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 9 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0734-9041 J9 J FIRE SCI JI J. Fire Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 31 IS 3 BP 276 EP 290 DI 10.1177/0734904112468703 PG 15 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 210KJ UT WOS:000323831300006 ER PT J AU Han, K Zhou, CJ Li, N Schmidt, JP Dell, CJ Wang, LQ AF Han, Kun Zhou, Chunju Li, Na Schmidt, John P. Dell, Curtis J. Wang, Linquan TI Separating nitrogen fertilizer and irrigation water application in an alternating furrow irrigation system for maize production SO NUTRIENT CYCLING IN AGROECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Central composite rotatable design; Alternating furrow irrigation; Separating nitrogen fertilizer and irrigation water; Irrigation water use efficiency; Agronomic efficiency of fertilizer nitrogen ID ROOT-ZONE IRRIGATION; RESPONSE-SURFACE METHODOLOGY; USE EFFICIENCY; CORN; SOIL; QUALITY; GROWTH; CHINA; YIELD; FIELD AB The efficient use of water and nitrogen represents a primary concern to agricultural production in Northwest China. A 2-year field experiment was conducted to assess the separation of nitrogen (N) fertilizer and irrigation water with alternating furrow irrigation (SNWAFI) in a maize (Zea mays L.) production system. Irrigation water use efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency with SNWAFI were generally greater than with conventional irrigation and fertilization (CIF). Response surfaces indicated that maximum maize yields were obtained with 238 kg urea-N ha(-1) and 106 mm irrigation water in 2008 and 244 kg urea-N ha(-1) and 95 mm of irrigation water in 2009. When the predicted yields were highest (6,384 and 6,549 kg ha(-1)), water use efficiency, N uptake, and N use efficiency were greater with SNWAFI than CIF. Conversely, soil NO3-N change during maize growing season decreased with SNWAFI compared CIF. With SNWAFI, optimizing irrigation water and N fertilizer rates can maximize yield, save irrigation water, and reduce N leaching. C1 [Han, Kun; Li, Na; Wang, Linquan] Northwest Agr & Forestry Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Provinc, Peoples R China. [Zhou, Chunju] Northwest Agr & Forestry Univ, Coll Life Sci, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Provinc, Peoples R China. [Schmidt, John P.] DuPont Pioneer, Champaign Res Ctr, Ivesdale, IL 61851 USA. [Dell, Curtis J.] ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, USDA, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Wang, LQ (reprint author), Northwest Agr & Forestry Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Provinc, Peoples R China. EM hankun2012@hotmail.com; linquanw@nwsuaf.edu.cn FU Chinese National Natural Science Fund [30571085]; Northwest A&F University, China FX This study was supported by the research grants from Chinese National Natural Science Fund (30571085, 2006), and by the program of innovation team (2010) of the Northwest A&F University, China. We specially thank Dr. Peter Kleinman in USDA-ARS for editing this manuscript. NR 48 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1385-1314 J9 NUTR CYCL AGROECOSYS JI Nutr. Cycl. Agroecosyst. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 96 IS 1 BP 107 EP 122 DI 10.1007/s10705-013-9580-y PG 16 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 213QZ UT WOS:000324074500008 ER PT J AU O'Connor, TM Cerin, E Robles, J Lee, RE Kerr, J Butte, N Mendoza, JA Thompson, D Baranowski, T AF O'Connor, Teresia M. Cerin, Ester Robles, Jessica Lee, Rebecca E. Kerr, Jacqueline Butte, Nancy Mendoza, Jason A. Thompson, Deborah Baranowski, Tom TI Feasibility study to objectively assess activity and location of Hispanic preschoolers: a short communication SO GEOSPATIAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE preschool-aged children; physical activity; global positioning system; accelerometer; Hispanic ID GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; ACCELEROMETER DATA; CHILDREN; TIME; GPS AB Both physical and social environmental factors influence young children's physical activity, yet little is known about where Hispanic children are more likely to be active. We assessed the feasibility of simultaneously measuring, then processing objective measures of location and physical activity among Hispanic preschool children. Preschool-aged Hispanic children (n = 15) simultaneously wore QStarz BT100X global positioning system (GPS) data loggers and Actigraph GT3X accelerometers for a 24- to 36-hour period, during which time their parents completed a location and travel diary. Data were aggregated to the minute and processed using the personal activity location measurement system (PALMS). Children successfully wore the GPS data loggers and accelerometers simultaneously, 12 of which yielded data that met quality standards. The average percent correspondence between GPS- and diary-based estimates of types of location was high and Kappa statistics were moderate to excellent, ranging from 0.49-0.99. The between-method (GPS monitor, parent-reported diary) correlations of estimated participant-aggregated minutes spent on vehicle-based trips were strong. The simultaneous use of GPS and accelerometers to assess Hispanic preschool children's location and physical activity is feasible. This methodology has the potential to provide more precise findings to inform environmental interventions and policy changes to promote physical activity among Hispanic preschool children. C1 [O'Connor, Teresia M.; Robles, Jessica; Butte, Nancy; Mendoza, Jason A.; Thompson, Deborah; Baranowski, Tom] Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [O'Connor, Teresia M.; Mendoza, Jason A.] Baylor Coll Med, Acad Gen Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Cerin, Ester] Univ Hong Kong, Inst Human Performance, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Lee, Rebecca E.] Univ Houston, Texas Obes Res Ctr Hlth & Human Performance, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Kerr, Jacqueline] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family & Prevent Med, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP O'Connor, TM (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Acad Gen Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM teresiao@bcm.edu RI Cerin, Ester/L-1271-2015; OI Cerin, Ester/0000-0002-7599-165X; Mendoza, Jason/0000-0003-0833-4358 FU USDA/ARS [6250-51000-053-20S]; NIH-NICHD [5R21HD060925]; PALMS at the University of California, San Diego; NIH/NCI [1 U01 CA130771]; [K07CA131178] FX We would like to thank Drs. Kevin Patrick and his research group at the University of California, San Diego for providing us access and very helpful assistance in using the PALMS software system to simultaneously process the GPS and accelerometer data. This work is a publication of the US Department of Agriculture (USDA/ARS) Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, BCM funded in part by the USDA/ARS (Cooperative Agreement 6250-51000-053-20S). The content of this publication does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USDA, nor does mention of organizations imply endorsement from the US government. This project was funded by a R21 grant from NIH-NICHD (5R21HD060925, PI: O'Connor). JAM was supported, in part, by a career development award (K07CA131178). The analysis in this paper was supported in part through collaboration with the PALMS Project (UCSD-Palms-Project.wikispaces.com) at the University of California, San Diego, funded by NIH/NCI Grant 1 U01 CA130771. NR 21 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 10 PU UNIV NAPLES FEDERICO II PI NAPLES PA FAC VET MED, DEP PATHOLOGY & ANIMAL HEALTH, VET PARASITOLOGY, VIA DELLA VETERINARIA 1, NAPLES, 80137, ITALY SN 1827-1987 J9 GEOSPATIAL HEALTH JI Geospatial Health PD MAY PY 2013 VL 7 IS 2 BP 375 EP 380 PG 6 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 206VZ UT WOS:000323554000018 PM 23733298 ER PT J AU Eicher, S Stanley, M Richert, B Rostagno, M AF Eicher, Susan Stanley, Megan Richert, Brian Rostagno, Marcos TI Cranberry products alter immunity after a Salmonella challenge in pigs SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Immunologists CY MAY 03-07, 2013 CL Honolulu, HI SP Amer Assoc Immunologists C1 [Eicher, Susan; Stanley, Megan; Rostagno, Marcos] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Stanley, Megan; Richert, Brian] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD MAY 1 PY 2013 VL 190 MA P6084 PG 1 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 199ID UT WOS:000322987107177 ER PT J AU Gupta, G Dandekar, A Gouran, H Aguero, C Bruening, G Feldstein, PA Nascimento, R Goulart, L Norvell, M Pardington, P Chaudhary, A Civerolo, E AF Gupta, Goutam Dandekar, Abhaya Gouran, Hossein Aguero, Cecilia Bruening, George Feldstein, Paul A. Nascimento, Rafael Goulart, Luiz Norvell, Meghan Pardington, Paige Chaudhary, Anu Civerolo, Edwin TI Pathogen clearance by engineering novel host innate immunity (P1251) SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Immunologists CY MAY 03-07, 2013 CL Honolulu, HI SP Amer Assoc Immunologists C1 [Gupta, Goutam; Norvell, Meghan; Pardington, Paige; Chaudhary, Anu] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Dandekar, Abhaya; Gouran, Hossein; Aguero, Cecilia; Nascimento, Rafael; Goulart, Luiz] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA USA. [Bruening, George; Feldstein, Paul A.] Univ Calif Davis, Viticulture & Enol Dept, Davis, CA USA. [Civerolo, Edwin] USDA ARS, Parlier, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD MAY 1 PY 2013 VL 190 PG 1 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 199ID UT WOS:000322987100250 ER PT J AU Kapczynski, D Jiang, HJ AF Kapczynski, Darrell Jiang, Hai Jun TI Cytokine response and morphologic characterization of chicken bone-marrow derived dendritic cells during infection with high and low pathogenic avian influenza viruses SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Immunologists CY MAY 03-07, 2013 CL Honolulu, HI SP Amer Assoc Immunologists C1 [Kapczynski, Darrell; Jiang, Hai Jun] USDA ARS, SEPRL, Athens, GA 30613 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD MAY 1 PY 2013 VL 190 MA P6355 PG 1 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 199ID UT WOS:000322987108191 ER PT J AU Li, YF Wang, AJ Grinchuk, V Smith, A Ramalingam, T Wynn, T Urban, J Shea-Donohue, T Zhao, AP AF Li, Yanfei Wang, Anjiang Grinchuk, Viktoriya Smith, Allen Ramalingam, Thirumalai Wynn, Thomas Urban, Joseph Shea-Donohue, Terez Zhao, Aiping TI Mice deficient in IL-25 are less susceptible to dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Immunologists CY MAY 03-07, 2013 CL Honolulu, HI SP Amer Assoc Immunologists C1 [Li, Yanfei; Wang, Anjiang; Grinchuk, Viktoriya; Shea-Donohue, Terez; Zhao, Aiping] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Med & Mucosal Biol Res Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Smith, Allen; Urban, Joseph] USDA, DGIL, BHNRC, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Ramalingam, Thirumalai; Wynn, Thomas] NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Wang, Anjiang] Nanchang Univ, Affiliated Hosp 1, Nanchang, Peoples R China. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD MAY 1 PY 2013 VL 190 MA P3270 PG 1 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 199ID UT WOS:000322987103195 ER PT J AU Patch, J Dar, P Waters, R Toka, F Golde, W AF Patch, Jared Dar, Pervaiz Waters, Ryan Toka, Felix Golde, William TI Infection with foot-and-mouth disease virus induces a natural killer cell response in cattle SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Immunologists CY MAY 03-07, 2013 CL Honolulu, HI SP Amer Assoc Immunologists C1 [Patch, Jared; Dar, Pervaiz; Waters, Ryan; Toka, Felix; Golde, William] ARS, Foreign Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Greenport, NY USA. [Patch, Jared] Univ Vermont, Dept Anim Sci, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Toka, Felix] Warsaw Univ Life Sci, Fac Vet Med, Dept Preclin Sci, Warsaw, Poland. RI Dar, Pervaiz/F-3596-2016 OI Dar, Pervaiz/0000-0001-6718-7293 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD MAY 1 PY 2013 VL 190 MA P6080 PG 1 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 199ID UT WOS:000322987107173 ER PT J AU Pedersen, L Rasmussen, M Harndah, M Patch, J Nielsen, M Buus, S Golde, W Jungersen, G AF Pedersen, Lasse Rasmussen, Michael Harndah, Mikkel Patch, Jared Nielsen, Morten Buus, Soren Golde, William Jungersen, Gregers TI From viral genome to specific peptide epitopes: methods for identifying porcine T cell epitopes based on in silico predictions, in vitro identification and ex vivo verification SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Immunologists CY MAY 03-07, 2013 CL Honolulu, HI SP Amer Assoc Immunologists C1 [Pedersen, Lasse; Jungersen, Gregers] Danish Tech Univ, Frederiksberg C, Denmark. [Rasmussen, Michael; Harndah, Mikkel; Buus, Soren] Univ Copenhagen, Expt Immunol Lab, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Patch, Jared; Golde, William] ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Foreign Anim Dis Unit, Greenport, NY USA. [Nielsen, Morten] Tech Univ Denmark, Ctr Biol Sequence Anal, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD MAY 1 PY 2013 VL 190 MA P6098 PG 1 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 199ID UT WOS:000322987107190 ER PT J AU Ryan, J Morales, J Urban, J Conrad, D AF Ryan, John Morales, Johanna Urban, Joseph Conrad, Daniel TI Mast cell-MDSC interactions promote chemokine secretion and parasite expulsion. SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Immunologists CY MAY 03-07, 2013 CL Honolulu, HI SP Amer Assoc Immunologists C1 [Ryan, John; Morales, Johanna] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Richmond, VA USA. [Conrad, Daniel] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Sch Med, Richmond, VA USA. [Urban, Joseph] USDA, Richmond, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD MAY 1 PY 2013 VL 190 MA P6022 PG 1 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 199ID UT WOS:000322987107117 ER PT J AU Swaggerty, C Chiang, HI Zhou, HJ Kogut, M AF Swaggerty, Christina Chiang, Hsin-I Zhou, Huaijun Kogut, Michael TI Concurrent analyses of host-pathogen transcriptomes in avian polymorphonuclear cells following exposure to Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Immunologists CY MAY 03-07, 2013 CL Honolulu, HI SP Amer Assoc Immunologists C1 [Swaggerty, Christina; Kogut, Michael] ARS, SPARC, USDA, College Stn, TX USA. [Chiang, Hsin-I; Zhou, Huaijun] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Chiang, Hsin-I] Natl Chung Hsing Univ, Taichung 40227, Taiwan. [Zhou, Huaijun] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD MAY 1 PY 2013 VL 190 MA P4233 PG 1 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 199ID UT WOS:000322987105050 ER PT J AU Toka, F Krukowska, E Golde, W AF Toka, Felix Krukowska, Ewelina Golde, William TI Reactivity of bovine WC1+gamma delta T cells to viral dsRNA SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Immunologists CY MAY 03-07, 2013 CL Honolulu, HI SP Amer Assoc Immunologists C1 [Toka, Felix; Krukowska, Ewelina] Warsaw Univ Life Sci, Warsaw, Poland. [Golde, William] ARS, USDA, Greenport, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD MAY 1 PY 2013 VL 190 MA P6107 PG 1 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 199ID UT WOS:000322987107198 ER PT J AU Zhou, HJ Abernathy, J Nazmi, A Li, XY Swaggerty, C Pevzner, I Drake, K Kogut, M AF Zhou, Huaijun Abernathy, Jason Nazmi, Ali Li, Xianyao Swaggerty, Christina Pevzner, Igal Drake, Kenneth Kogut, Michael TI Systems biology analysis of the ceca and bursa revealed unique innate immune responses to Campylobacter jejuni in two genetically distinct lines of chickens SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Immunologists CY MAY 03-07, 2013 CL Honolulu, HI SP Amer Assoc Immunologists C1 [Zhou, Huaijun; Abernathy, Jason; Nazmi, Ali] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Li, Xianyao] Shandong Agr Univ, Tai An, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Swaggerty, Christina; Kogut, Michael] USDA ARS, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX USA. [Pevzner, Igal] Cobb Vantress Inc, Siloam Springs, AR USA. [Drake, Kenneth] Seralogix LLC, Austin, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD MAY 1 PY 2013 VL 190 MA P1269 PG 1 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 199ID UT WOS:000322987101018 ER PT J AU Kunta, M Rascoe, J de Sa, PB Timmer, LW Palm, ME da Graca, JV Mangan, RL Malik, NSA Salas, B Satpute, A Setamou, M Skaria, M AF Kunta, Madhurababu Rascoe, John de Sa, Patricia B. Timmer, Lavern W. Palm, Mary E. da Graca, John V. Mangan, Robert L. Malik, Nasir S. A. Salas, Bacilio Satpute, Aditi Setamou, Mamoudou Skaria, Mani TI Sweet orange scab with a new scab disease "syndrome" of citrus in the USA associated with Elsinoe australis SO TROPICAL PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Citrus paradisi; Citrus reticulata; Citrus sinensis; Elsinoe australis; Elsinoe fawcettii; ITS region ID PATHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION; IDENTIFICATION; PATHOTYPES; PCR AB Elsinoe fawcettii causes citrus scab and E. australis causes sweet orange scab and there are different pathotypes of each species. Citrus scab is widely distributed, whereas sweet orange scab is limited mostly to southern South America. In 2010, E. australis was detected by PCR in Texas for the first time in the USA and subsequently found in commercial areas of Texas. In this study, cultures were obtained in Texas mostly from diseased fruit with symptoms similar to "late-season windscar" and identified as the Natsudaidai pathotype of E. australis by sequencing of the PCR amplification products and sequencing of the translation elongation factor and ITS regions. Inoculations of detached leaves and fruit of grapefruit, sweet orange, and tangerine produced scab-like symptoms on all organs and species. The fungus was re-isolated from the inoculated organs and PCR tests on re-isolated fungal colonies and lesions confirmed the presence of E. australis. The disease represents sweet orange scab of citrus with a new scab disease symptomatology, but the host range, ecology and epidemiology of this pathotype are still not completely understood. Thus far, Natsudaidai pathotype has been reported only from South Korea. C1 [Kunta, Madhurababu; da Graca, John V.; Satpute, Aditi; Setamou, Mamoudou; Skaria, Mani] Texas A&M Univ Kingsville, Citrus Ctr, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. [Rascoe, John; de Sa, Patricia B.; Palm, Mary E.] USDA APHIS PPQ, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Timmer, Lavern W.] Univ Florida, Ctr Citrus Res & Educ, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. [Mangan, Robert L.; Malik, Nasir S. A.] USDA ARS, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. [Salas, Bacilio] USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST, Edinburg, TX 78541 USA. RP Kunta, M (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ Kingsville, Citrus Ctr, 312 North Int Blvd, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. EM madhura.kunta@tamuk.edu FU USDA-APHIS-PPQ; Texas Citrus Producers Board FX The authors sincerely thank Dr. S. Mondal, in the laboratory of Dr. Megan M. Dewdney of the Citrus Research & Education Center, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, Florida, for providing technical assistance in Elsinoe fawcettii fungal isolation techniques, inoculations, and pathogenicity tests. The work reported here was partially funded by USDA-APHIS-PPQ and the Texas Citrus Producers Board. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 11 PU SOC BRASILEIRA FITOPATHOLOGIA PI BRASILIA D F PA CAIXA POSTAL 04482, 70919-970 BRASILIA D F, BRAZIL SN 1982-5676 J9 TROP PLANT PATHOL JI Trop. Plant Pathol. PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 38 IS 3 BP 203 EP 212 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 200WB UT WOS:000323100500004 ER PT J AU Scheffer, SJ Nelson, LA Davies, KA Lewis, ML Giblin-Davis, RM Taylor, GS Yeates, DK AF Scheffer, Sonja J. Nelson, Leigh A. Davies, Kerrie A. Lewis, Matthew L. Giblin-Davis, Robin M. Taylor, Gary S. Yeates, David K. TI Sex-limited association of Fergusobia nematodes with female Fergusonina flies in a unique Australasian mutualism (Nematoda: Neotylenchidae; Diptera: Fergusoninidae) SO AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE endoparasitism; gall insect; gall nematode; galling fly ID EX SPRENG. COMPLEX; LEAF BUD GALLS; TYLENCHIDA NEOTYLENCHIDAE; MELALEUCA-QUINQUENERVIA; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; EASTERN AUSTRALIA; 1ST RECORD; MYRTACEAE; EVOLUTION; PARASITISM AB All known species of Fergusonina flies (Fergusoninidae) participate in an obligate mutualism with Fergusobia nematodes (Neotylenchidae). From dissections, it is believed that all female third-instar larvae, pupae and adult female flies carry nematodes internally, while male adults and larvae do not. This observation of sex-limited association was tested using a molecular diagnostic approach. Nematode-specific primers were used for polymerase chain reaction amplification of a portion of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene in order to screen DNA extractions from flies for the presence of nematode DNA. Consistent with evidence from dissections, nearly all extractions from adult female flies were positive for nematode DNA, while all DNA extractions from adult male flies were negative. Nearly half of late-instar larvae screened showed evidence of nematode DNA, consistent with the hypothesis that nematodes are only present within females. This paper is the first to use a molecular method to confirm this phenomenon within the Fergusonina/Fergusobia system. C1 [Scheffer, Sonja J.; Lewis, Matthew L.] USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Nelson, Leigh A.; Yeates, David K.] CSIRO Ecosyst Sci, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia. [Davies, Kerrie A.] Univ Adelaide, Australian Ctr Evolutionary Biol & Biodivers, Sch Agr Food & Wine, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia. [Giblin-Davis, Robin M.] Univ Florida, Ft Lauderdale Res & Educ Ctr, Davie, FL 33314 USA. [Taylor, Gary S.] Univ Adelaide, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Australian Ctr Evolutionary Biol & Biodivers, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. RP Scheffer, SJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM sonja.scheffer@ars.usda.gov RI Yeates, David/A-9917-2008 OI Yeates, David/0000-0001-7729-6143 NR 32 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1326-6756 EI 1440-6055 J9 AUST J ENTOMOL JI Aust. J. Entomol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 52 IS 2 BP 125 EP 128 DI 10.1111/aen.12013 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 135TY UT WOS:000318312600005 ER PT J AU Rinderer, TE Oldroyd, BP Frake, AM de Guzman, LI Bourgeois, L AF Rinderer, Thomas E. Oldroyd, Benjamin P. Frake, Amanda M. de Guzman, Lilia I. Bourgeois, Lelania TI Responses to Varroa destructor and Nosema ceranae by several commercial strains of Australian and North American honeybees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) SO AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Australian honeybees; mite resistance; Nosema ceranae; Russian honeybees; Varroa destructor; varroa sensitive hygiene ID APIS-MELLIFERA; JACOBSONI OUD; MITE; BEE; RESISTANCE; COLONIES; BROOD; ACARI; PCR AB The potential impact of varroa (Varroa destructor, Anderson & Trueman) on Australian beekeeping and agriculture depends in part on the levels of resistance to this parasite expressed by Australian commercial honeybees (Apis mellifera). The responses of seven lines of Australian honeybees to V.destructor were compared with the responses of a stock of Italian honeybees from the United States known for its susceptibility to V.destructor and two stocks known for their resistance to V.destructor, Russian honeybees (RHB) and a stock expressing the varroa sensitive hygiene trait (VSH). The experiment began in May with uniform colonies having uniform infestation of V.destructor. V.destructor infestations measured as the percentage of adult bees infested in the Australian lines and the Italian stock rose from less than 10% in August to over 25% in October. From August to November, 44% of both the Australian and Italian colonies died while strongly exhibiting symptoms of parasitic mite syndrome. In contrast, RHB and VSH colonies displayed comparative resistance to V.destructor. Their infestation rates rose from about 5% in August to 10% (RHB) and 14% (VSH) in October. Likely, some of this increase resulted from invasion pressure by mites from the dying Australian and Italian colonies. During the August to November period, 4.4% of the RHB and 14.3% of the VSH colonies died. In comparisons of the seven Australian lines, only nonsignificant and trivial differences were found for infestation and mortality rates. All Australian lines were highly susceptible to V.destructor. Additionally, evaluations of rates of Nosema ceranae infections were made throughout the course of the experiment. Although high levels of infection were found across all stocks and lines, no stock or line exhibited an adverse effect from N.ceranae infection. C1 [Rinderer, Thomas E.; Frake, Amanda M.; de Guzman, Lilia I.; Bourgeois, Lelania] USDA ARS, Honey Bee Breeding Genet & Physiol Res Lab, Baton Rouge, LA 70820 USA. [Oldroyd, Benjamin P.] Univ Sydney, Sch Biol Sci A12, Behav & Genet Social Insects Lab, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. RP Rinderer, TE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Honey Bee Breeding Genet & Physiol Res Lab, 1157 Ben Hur Rd, Baton Rouge, LA 70820 USA. EM tom.rinderer@ars.usda.gov FU Australian Government Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation FX We thank T. Stelzer, J. Wagnitz, S. O'Brien, J. Wales, L. Beaman, G. Delatte, R. Watts, W. Pope, R. King and S. Tanh from Baton Rouge and Daniel Martin, Apiary Inspector, State of Victoria, Australia for their technical help, and Jerry Brown for providing the honeybee colonies in the study. We thank the staff of the USDA APHIS, and the AQIS for their work in defining stock importation procedures and facilitating the stock importation from Australia. We particularly thank the staff of Qantas Airways for facilitating stock importation. This study was funded by the Australian Government Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation. NR 25 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 30 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1326-6756 J9 AUST J ENTOMOL JI Aust. J. Entomol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 52 IS 2 BP 156 EP 163 DI 10.1111/aen.12003 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 135TY UT WOS:000318312600009 ER PT J AU Mizushima, A Lu, R AF Mizushima, A. Lu, R. TI A LOW-COST COLOR VISION SYSTEM FOR AUTOMATIC ESTIMATION OF APPLE FRUIT ORIENTATION AND MAXIMUM EQUATORIAL DIAMETER SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Apple; Grading; In-field; Machine vision; Sizing; Sorting AB The overall objective of this research was to develop an in-field presorting and grading system to separate undersized and defective fruit from fresh market-grade apples. To achieve this goal, a cost-effective machine vision inspection prototype was built, which consisted of a low-cost color camera, LED lights, and a generic bi-cone conveyor Algorithms were developed for accurate estimation of pixels per unit dimension from images acquired under the close-range imaging configuration and for real-time estimation of apple orientation, shape, and maximum equatorial diameter The machine vision system was tested and evaluated for 'Delicious' (D), 'Empire' (EM), 'Golden Delicious' (GD), and 'Jonagold' (JG) apples at a speed of four fruit per second The variable pixels per unit dimension method achieved superior results for area estimation, compared to the conventional image distortion correction and area estimation methods. The orientation estimation algorithm had 87.6% and 86.2% accuracies for D and GD apples, respectively, within +/- 20 degrees of actual fruit orientation, but it performed less satisfactorily for round-shaped EM and JG apples. The machine vision system achieved good fruit maximum equatorial diameter estimations, with an overall root mean squared error of 1.79 mm for the four varieties of apple, and it had a two-size grading error of 4.3%, versus 15.1% by a mechanical sizing machine. The system provides a cost-effective means for sorting apples for size. C1 [Mizushima, A.; Lu, R.] Michigan State Univ, USDA ARS, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Mizushima, A (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, 524 S Shaw Lane, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM Akira.Mizushima@ars.usda.gov FU Michigan Apple Committee [58-3635-9-570] FX The research was supported in part by funds from the Michigan Apple Committee under Trust Fund Cooperative Agreement No. 58-3635-9-570 between the Michigan Apple Committee and the USDA Agricultural Research Service. The authors acknowledge the technical support provided by Mr. Benjamin B. Bailey in designing and constructing the machine vision prototype. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 56 IS 3 BP 813 EP 827 PG 15 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 192RY UT WOS:000322504200002 ER PT J AU Al-Madhhachi, AT Hanson, GJ Fox, GA Tyagi, AK Bulut, R AF Al-Madhhachi, A. T. Hanson, G. J. Fox, G. A. Tyagi, A. K. Bulut, R. TI MEASURING SOIL ERODIBILITY USING A LABORATORY "MINI" JET SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Critical shear stress; Erodibility coefficient; Jet erosion test; Soil erodibility ID SURFACE ERODIBILITY; EARTHEN CHANNELS; HIGH STRESSES; EROSION; SCOUR AB Typically soil erodibility is quantified using an excess shear stress equation, dependent on two major soil parameters: the critical shear stress (tau(c)) and the erodibility coefficient (k(d)). A submerged jet test (JET, Jet Erosion Test) is one method that has been developed and methodology of use established in the literature for measuring these parameters. In this study, a new miniature version of the JET device ("mini" JET), with the advantage of being easier to use in the field, was used to measure tau(c) and k(d) for two soils (silty sand and clayey sand), and results were compared to the larger original laboratory JET The objective of this research was to determine if the "mini" JET measured equivalent values for tau(c) and k(d) compared to the original JET device. In-order to compare the performance and repeatability of both JET devices, tests were performed on paired samples prepared in the same way and tested at the same time. Samples of the soils tested were prepared at different water contents with a standard compaction effort of 600 kN-m/m(3) (ASTM). Some variability in measuring tau(c) and k(d) was observed between paired samples due to variability in the soil texture of the soil samples and differences in soil moisture levels. The k(d) values measured by the two JET devices for both soils were not significantly different. The tau(c) values measured by the "mini" JET were consistently lower than those measured by the original JET This was hypothesized to be due to the structure of the soil sample due to the compaction method and the procedure utilized to determine tau(c) Adjustment of the equilibrium depth of the "mini" JET resulted in small differences in the estimated tau(c) between both JET devices. Both JET devices also demonstrated consistent performance in measuring tau(c)-k(d) relationships, which were compared with those observed in previous field research. C1 [Al-Madhhachi, A. T.] Al Mustansiriya Univ, Coll Engn, Dept Environm Engn, Baghdad, Iraq. [Hanson, G. J.] USDA ARS, Hydraul Lab, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. [Fox, G. A.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Biosyst & Agr Engn, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Tyagi, A. K.; Bulut, R.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. RP Hanson, GJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hydraul Lab, 1301 N Western, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. EM hanson.mr@sbcglobal.net FU National Science Foundation [0943491] FX This research is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 0943491. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. NR 22 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 19 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 56 IS 3 BP 901 EP 910 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 192RY UT WOS:000322504200008 ER PT J AU Gilley, JE Boone, GD Marx, DB AF Gilley, J. E. Boone, G. D. Marx, D. B. TI HYDRAULIC CONDITIONS REQUIRED TO NOT MOVE UNCONSOLIDATED SURFACE MATERIAL LOCATED WITHIN FEEDLOTS SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Feedlots; Flow measurement; Flow resistance; Hydraulic roughness; Manure management; Manure runoff; Runoff; Sediment detention; Sediment discharge; Sedimentation ID CATTLE FEEDLOT; SPATIAL VARIATIONS; SEEPAGE LOSSES; OVERLAND-FLOW; ANIMAL WASTE; RUNOFF; SOIL; TRANSPORT; NUTRIENT; LAGOONS AB Beef cattle feedlots contain unconsolidated surface material that accumulates within feedlot pens during a feeding cycle. Runoff from feedlot surfaces is diverted into settling basins. The storage capacity of the settling basins will be substantially reduced if large quantities of solid material are transported in runoff from the feedlot surfaces. The objective of this study was to identify the hydraulic conditions that will not move unconsolidated surface material located within feedlots in order to minimize sediment transport. Selected sizes and a composite sample of unconsolidated surface material were placed within 0.75 m wide by 4.0 m long metal frames. Flow was then introduced at the top of the frames in successive increments. The discharge rate and flow velocity necessary to cause movement of unconsolidated surface material was measured Hydraulic measurements were used to determine the ratio of critical flow depth to particle diameter, critical flow rate, critical flow velocity, critical shear velocity, critical Reynolds number, critical shear stress, critical dimensionless shear stress, and critical boundary Reynolds number. Measurements of these parameters for the composite material were 0.556, 0.499 L s(-1), 0.0787 in s(-1), 0.0643 m s(-1), 695, 4.12 Pa, 0.0436, and 1040, respectively. Darcy-Weisbach roughness coefficients were calculated for each particle size class and the composite sample at varying flow rates. The information presented in this study can be used to identify the hydraulic conditions required to not move unconsolidated surface material located within feedlots in order to minimize sediment transport. C1 [Gilley, J. E.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Boone, G. D.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Marx, D. B.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Stat, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Gilley, JE (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, 251 Chase Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM john.gilley@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 56 IS 3 BP 911 EP 918 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 192RY UT WOS:000322504200009 ER PT J AU Liu, Y Ye, B Wan, C Hao, Y Lan, Y Ouyang, A AF Liu, Y. Ye, B. Wan, C. Hao, Y. Lan, Y. Ouyang, A. TI RAPID QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF DIMETHOATE PESTICIDE USING SURFACE-ENHANCED RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Dimethoate; Nanosubstrate; Partial least squares; Quantitative analysis; Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; PHASE DISPERSION EXTRACTION; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; MULTI-RESIDUE METHOD; FRUITS; SCATTERING; CYROMAZINE; VEGETABLES; SPECTRA; ARRAY AB Pesticides are widely used in agriculture, and pesticide residues have become a public concern. So fat.; no analytical method has been available for the rapid and quantitative analysis of most food pesticides. In this study, the application of micro-surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) for analysis of the typical organophosphorus pesticide dimethoate is demonstrated. Huge enhanced Raman signals of pesticides at low concentrations of 0.5 to 10 mu g mL(-1) were acquired by confocal Raman micro-spectrometry with Klarite substrate. The observed spectra were analyzed by comparison with the normal Raman spectra of dimethoate. Partial least squares (PLS) regression combined with different data preprocessing methods and wavelength selection was applied to develop quantitative models for dimethoate solutions. The best model, with the highest correlation coefficient (0.969) and the lowest root mean square error of predictions (0.626), was achieved with the first derivative combined with standard normalized variate (SNV) spectra and the wavelength bands of 1845.5 +/- 1186.9 cm(-1) and 1023 +/- 199.5 cm(-1). This study indicated that SERS coupled with a nanosubstrate is a potential tool for rapid quantification of pesticide residues at 10(-6) concentration levels. C1 [Liu, Y.; Ye, B.; Wan, C.; Hao, Y.; Ouyang, A.] East China Jiaotong Univ, Sch Mech & Elect Engn, Nanchang 330013, Peoples R China. [Lan, Y.] USDA ARS, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX USA. RP Liu, Y (reprint author), East China Jiaotong Univ, Sch Mech & Elect Engn, Nanchang 330013, Peoples R China. EM jxliuyd@163.com FU National Science and Technology Support Program [31160250, 61178036]; Technological Expertise and Academic Leader Training Program of Jiangxi Province [2009DD00700]; Leading Talent of GanBo "555" Engineering Program of Jiangxi Province FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by the National Science and Technology Support Program (31160250, 61178036), the Technological Expertise and Academic Leader Training Program of Jiangxi Province (2009DD00700), and the Leading Talent of GanBo "555" Engineering Program of Jiangxi Province. NR 42 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 19 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 56 IS 3 BP 1043 EP 1049 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 192RY UT WOS:000322504200022 ER PT J AU Khir, R Pan, Z Thompson, JF AF Khir, R. Pan, Z. Thompson, J. F. TI INFLUENCE OF RICE SAMPLE PREPARATION AND MILLING PROCEDURES ON MILLING QUALITY APPRAISALS SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Appraisal; Drying; Milling quality; Rice; Sample preparation; Storage; Tempering ID MEDIUM-GRAIN RICE; MOISTURE; HARVEST AB The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of sample preparation and milling procedure on milling quality appraisals of rough rice. Samples of freshly harvested medium-grain rice (M202) with different initial moisture contents (MCs) ranging from 20.2% to 25.1% (w.b.) were used for this study. To create rough rice with varying quality, the samples were dried from their initial MC to a moisture content of 13.1%+/- 10.3% (w.b) using air at different temperatures. Before milling, the MC of the samples was measured using three different methods: standard oven method, Dickey-John GAC 2100 (DKJ), and single-kernel moisture meter (SKM). The samples were milled using a McGill No. 3 mill. Three milling procedures were used: the standard western milling procedure, referred to as normal milling (NM), the southern milling procedure (SMP), and low-temperature milling (LM). The effect of storage after drying on quality appraisals was evaluated. Milling quality was compared based on total rice yield (TRY), head rice yield (HRY), whiteness index (WI), and lipid content (LC). HRY was found to be significantly affected by variation in initial MC, drying temperature, storage time after drying, and milling procedure. WI and LC were not significantly affected by these parameters. HRY decreased significantly with increased initial MC and drying temperature. The LM and SMP procedures significantly improved HRY up to 4.8% and 2.8%, respectively. HRY significantly increased with increase in storage time of dried rice up to four days, after which HRY was not affected by storage time. Regression models were successfully developed to predict HRY under tested rice conditions and milling procedures. The DKJ and SKM instruments, which are widely used in the rice industry, need to be calibrated at the full moisture range to ensure accurate results in MC measurement. The obtained results provide valuable information to achieve consistent, accurate, and reliable milling quality appraisals. C1 [Khir, R.; Pan, Z.; Thompson, J. F.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Khir, R.] Suez Canal Univ, Dept Agr Engn, Ismailia, Egypt. [Pan, Z.] USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Pan, Z (reprint author), USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM Zhongli.Pan@ars.usda.gov FU California Rice Research Board FX The authors thank Farmers' Rice Cooperative for supplying the rice samples and the California Rice Research Board for its partial financial support. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 56 IS 3 BP 1051 EP 1060 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 192RY UT WOS:000322504200023 ER PT J AU Waldrip, HM Todd, RW Li, C Cole, NA Salas, WH AF Waldrip, H. M. Todd, R. W. Li, C. Cole, N. A. Salas, W. H. TI ESTIMATION OF AMMONIA EMISSIONS FROM BEEF CATTLE FEEDYARDS USING THE PROCESS-BASED MODEL MANURE-DNDC SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Ammonia; Beef cattle; DNDC; Feedyard; Gas emissions; Nitrogen; Process modeling ID SOUTHERN HIGH-PLAINS; UNITED-STATES; NITROGEN; SOILS; VOLATILIZATION; LIVESTOCK; FEEDLOTS; SYSTEMS; SURFACE; UREA AB Ammonia (NH3) emissions from beef cattle feedyards result in loss of agronomically important nitrogen (N) and can have negative environmental consequences. Both empirical and process-based models have been developed to estimate NH3 emissions from various livestock production systems; however, little work has been conducted to assess their accuracy for large, open-lot feedyards. To validate Manure-DNDC, a process-based biogeochemical model, Manure-DNDC-simulated daily NH3 fluxes were compared to emission data collected from two commercial feedyards, feedyard A and feedyard E, in the Texas High Plains from 2007 to 2009. Model predictions were in good agreement with observations from both feedyards (p < 0.001) and had high sensitivity to variations in air temperature and dietary crude protein (CP) concentration. Predicted mean daily NH3 flux densities for the two feedyards had 71% to 78% agreement with observed values. In addition, Manure-DNDC estimates of annual feedyard emissions were within 3% to 15% of observations for the two feedyards, whereas a constant emission factor currently in use by the USEPA underestimated feedyard emissions by as much as 79%. The results from this study indicate that Manure-DNDC can be used to quantify average feedyard NH3 emissions, assist with NH3 emissions reporting, provide accurate information for legislators and policy makers, investigate methods to mitigate NH3 loss, and help evaluate the effects of specific management practices on farm nutrient balances. C1 [Waldrip, H. M.; Todd, R. W.; Cole, N. A.] USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. [Li, C.] Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Salas, W. H.] Appl GeoSolut LLC, Durham, NH USA. RP Waldrip, HM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, PO Drawer 10,2300 Expt Stn Rd, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. EM heidi.waldrip@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-NIFA [TS2006-06009] FX This project was partially supported by USDA-NIFA funding to Texas A&M AgriLife Research for the federal special grant project TS2006-06009: "Air Quality: Reducing Emissions from Cattle Feedlots and Dairies (TX & KS)." NR 45 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 25 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 56 IS 3 BP 1103 EP 1114 PG 12 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 192RY UT WOS:000322504200029 ER PT J AU Zhao, Y Xin, H Shepherd, TA Hayes, MD Stinn, JP Li, H AF Zhao, Y. Xin, H. Shepherd, T. A. Hayes, M. D. Stinn, J. P. Li, H. TI THERMAL ENVIRONMENT, AMMONIA CONCENTRATIONS, AND AMMONIA EMISSIONS OF AVIARY HOUSES WITH WHITE LAYING HENS SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Air pollutants; Ammonia; Concentration; Emission; Laying hen ID VENTILATION RATE; CARBON-DIOXIDE; POULTRY LITTER; LAYER HOUSES; VOLATILIZATION; MANURE; TEMPERATURE; SYSTEMS; CATTLE; METHANE AB Maintaining comfortable thermal environments and good indoor air quality is essential to ensuring optimal production performance, welfare, and health of animals. Alternative laying-hen housing systems are being adopted by some egg producers in the U.S. However, information on indoor thermal and aerial environments of such alternative housing systems is meager. This article reports a one-year monitoring of thermal conditions (air temperature and relative humidity or RR) and ammonia (NH3) concentrations and emissions of four aviary laying-hen houses (same dimensions, manure belt plus litter floor systems, 50,000-hen capacity each) at a commercial farm in the Midwest U.S. Carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations at the air inlet and near the exhaust fans were measured and used, along with literature values of the metabolic rates of the hens, to estimate building ventilation rate (VR). The results show that indoor temperature, RH, CO2 concentration, NH3 concentration, and VR of the four houses (mean tandard deviation) were 23.4 degrees C +/- 0.3 degrees C, 64% +/- 3%, 1520 +/- 87 ppm, 5.2 +/- 0.4 ppm, and 4.5 +/- 0.6 m(3) h(-1) hen(-1), respectively. The highest daily mean NH3 concentration was 13 ppm (and 20 ppm within the day) in winter The NH3 emission rate was 0.14 +/- 0.01 g d(-1) hen(-1). These values of NH3 concentrations and emissions were lower than those reported for European aviary houses. The NH3 emissions of the monitored aviary houses in this study are comparable to those of U.S. manure-belt cage houses, but are much lower than those of U.S. high-rise cage houses. The magnitude of NH3 emissions observed in this study was consistent with that of similar aviary houses with brown hens in another extended field measurement in the same region. C1 [Zhao, Y.; Xin, H.; Shepherd, T. A.; Stinn, J. P.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Hayes, M. D.] USDA ARS, Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Li, H.] Univ Delaware, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Newark, DE USA. RP Xin, H (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, 3204 NSRIC, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM hxin@iastate.edu FU USDA-NIFA Program [2011-67021-20223]; Midwest Poultry Research Program; Iowa Egg Council; College of Agriculture and Life Sciences at Iowa State University FX Funding for the study was supported in part by the USDA-NIFA Program (Award No. 2011-67021-20223), Midwest Poultry Research Program, Iowa Egg Council, and College of Agriculture and Life Sciences at Iowa State University. Assistance with data collection provided by Wei Wang, Matthew Stinn, Sarah Johnson, Kyle Dresback, Koryne Carlson, Akash Nakarmi, and the farm staff is appreciated. NR 40 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 7 U2 30 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 56 IS 3 BP 1145 EP 1156 PG 12 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 192RY UT WOS:000322504200033 ER PT J AU Toka, FN Golde, WT AF Toka, Felix N. Golde, William T. TI Cell mediated innate responses of cattle and swine are diverse during foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) infection: A unique landscape of innate immunity SO IMMUNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Review DE NK cells; Dendritic cells; Gamma delta T cells; TLR; FMDV; Innate immunity ID DELTA-T-CELLS; NATURAL-KILLER-CELLS; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR; PLASMACYTOID DENDRITIC CELLS; RESPIRATORY SYNDROME VIRUS; ANTIGEN-PRESENTING CELLS; MYCOBACTERIUM-BOVIS BCG; HUMAN NK CELLS; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; EMERGENCY VACCINATION AB Pathogens in general and pathogenic viruses in particular have evolved a myriad of mechanisms to escape the immune response of mammalian species. Viruses that cause acute disease tend to bear characteristics that make them very contagious, as survival does not derive from chronicity of infection, but spread of disease throughout the herd. Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is one of the most contagious viruses known. Upon infection of susceptible species, cloven-hoofed animals, the virus proliferates rapidly and causes a vesicular disease within 2-4 days. Disease symptoms resolve by 10 days to 2 weeks and in most cases, virus can no longer be detected. Periods of fever and viremia are usually brief, 1-3 days. In vivo control of virus infection and clearance of the virus during and following acute infection is of particular interest. The interaction of this virus with cells mediating the early, innate immune response has been analyzed in a number of recent studies. In most reports, the virus has a distinct inhibitory effect on the response of cells early in infection: Here we review these new data and discuss the dynamics of the interaction of virus with different cell types mediating the immune response to infection. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Toka, Felix N.] Warsaw Univ Life Sci, Dept Preclin Sci, Fac Vet Med, PL-02786 Warsaw, Poland. [Golde, William T.] ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. RP Toka, FN (reprint author), Warsaw Univ Life Sci, Dept Preclin Sci, Fac Vet Med, Ciszewskiego 8, PL-02786 Warsaw, Poland. EM felix_toka@sggw.pl FU CRIS from the Agricultural Research Service, USDA [1940-32000-057-00D]; Department of Homeland Security, Science and Technology Directorate [60-1940-8-037]; USDA, Agricultural Research Service [60-1940-8-037]; Polish National Science Centre (NCN) [NN308566040]; USDA [58-1940-0-088F] FX The authors thank Ms. Raisa Glabman for assistance in preparing the illustration. This work was funded by CRIS #1940-32000-057-00D from the Agricultural Research Service, USDA (WTG) and by an interagency agreement (60-1940-8-037) between the Department of Homeland Security, Science and Technology Directorate, and the USDA, Agricultural Research Service (WTG). This work was also supported by the Polish National Science Centre (NCN) grant NN308566040 (FNT) and USDA Specific Cooperative Agreement 58-1940-0-088F (WTG & FNT). NR 111 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-2478 J9 IMMUNOL LETT JI Immunol. Lett. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 152 IS 2 BP 135 EP 143 DI 10.1016/j.imlet.2013.05.007 PG 9 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 189UP UT WOS:000322294100009 PM 23727070 ER PT J AU Pedlar, JH McKenney, DW Aubin, I Iverson, LR Winder, RS Ste-Marie, C O'Neill, GA AF Pedlar, John H. McKenney, Daniel W. Aubin, Isabelle Iverson, Louis R. Winder, Richard S. Ste-Marie, Catherine O'Neill, Gregory A. TI Extreme Climate Variability Should Be Considered in Forestry Assisted Migration: A Reply SO BIOSCIENCE LA English DT Letter C1 [Pedlar, John H.; McKenney, Daniel W.; Aubin, Isabelle] Great Lakes Forestry Ctr, Sault Ste Marie, ON, Canada. [Winder, Richard S.] Forestry Canada, Pacific Forestry Ctr, Victoria, BC V8Z 1M5, Canada. [Iverson, Louis R.] US Forest Serv, Northern Res Ctr, USDA, Delaware, OH USA. [O'Neill, Gregory A.] British Columbia Minist Forests Lands & Nat Resou, Kalamalka Res Stn, Vernon, BC, Canada. EM john.pedlar@nrcan-rncan.gc.ca RI Iverson, Louis/C-7554-2009 OI Iverson, Louis/0000-0001-9501-471X NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER INST BIOLOGICAL SCI PI WASHINGTON PA 1444 EYE ST, NW, STE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0006-3568 J9 BIOSCIENCE JI Bioscience PD MAY PY 2013 VL 63 IS 5 BP 317 EP 318 DI 10.1525/bio.2013.63.5.21 PG 2 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 186ML UT WOS:000322048500003 ER PT J AU He, J Bhasin, S Binder, EF Yarasheski, KE Castaneda-Sceppa, C Schroeder, ET Roubenoff, R Chou, CP Azen, SP Sattler, FR AF He, J. Bhasin, S. Binder, E. F. Yarasheski, K. E. Castaneda-Sceppa, C. Schroeder, E. T. Roubenoff, R. Chou, C. -P. Azen, S. P. Sattler, F. R. TI Cardiometabolic Risks During Anabolic Hormone Supplementation in Older Men SO OBESITY LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; BODY-MASS INDEX; HUMAN GROWTH-HORMONE; HEALTHY AGED WOMEN; METABOLIC SYNDROME; ELDERLY-MEN; BINDING GLOBULIN; INSULIN SENSITIVITY; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; YOUNG MEN AB Objective: To determine the cardiometabolic risks of testosterone and growth hormone (GH) replacement therapy to youthful levels during aging. Design and Methods: A double-masked, partially placebo controlled study in 112 men 65-90 years-old was conducted. Transdermal testosterone (5 g vs. 10 g/day) using a Leydig Cell Clamp and subcutaneous recombinant GH (rhGH) (0 vs. 3 vs. 5 mu g/kg/day) were administered for 16-weeks. Measurements included testosterone and IGF-1 levels, body composition by DEXA, and cardiometabolic risk factors (upper body fat, blood pressure, insulin sensitivity, fasting triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, and serum adiponectin) at baseline and after 16 weeks of treatment. Results: Some cardiometabolic factors improved (total and trunk fat, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol) and others worsened (systolic blood pressure, insulin sensitivity index [QUICKI], adiponectin). Cardiometabolic risk composite scores (CRCSs) improved (-0.69 +/- 1.55, P < 0.001). In multivariate analyses, QUICKI, triglycerides, and HDL-cholesterol contributed 33%, 16%, and 14% of the variance in CRCS, respectively. Pathway analyses indicated that changes in fat and lean mass were related to individual cardiometabolic variables and CRCS in a complex manner. Changes in BMI, reflecting composite effects of changes in fat and lean mass, were more robustly associated with cardiometabolic risks than changes in fat mass or LBM individually. Conclusions: Testosterone and rhGH administration was associated with diverse changes in individual cardiometabolic risk factors, but in aggregate appeared not to worsen cardiometabolic risk in healthy older men after 4-months. The long-term effects of these and similar anabolic therapies on cardiovascular events should be investigated in populations with greater functional limitations along with important health disabilities including upper body obesity and other cardiometabolic risks. C1 [He, J.; Chou, C. -P.; Azen, S. P.] Univ So Calif, Dept Prevent Med, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Bhasin, S.] Boston Univ, Sect Endocrinol Diabet & Nutr, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Binder, E. F.; Yarasheski, K. E.] Washington Univ, Dept Med, St Louis, MO USA. [Castaneda-Sceppa, C.; Roubenoff, R.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Schroeder, E. T.] Univ So Calif, Div Biokinesiol, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Sattler, F. R.] Univ So Calif, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. RP Sattler, FR (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. EM fsattler@usc.edu FU NCRR GCRC, USC [M0I RR00043]; U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) [58-1950-9-001]; NCRR GCRC at Tufts University [M01 RR000054]; Mass Spectrometry Research Resource at Washington University [RR000954, DK020579, DK056341]; Boston Medical Center, Boston University of Medicine [U01AG14369, 1R01DK70534]; [R01 AG18169] FX Primary support for HORMA trial was provided from R01 AG18169 with secondary support from NCRR GCRC M0I RR00043 at USC, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) ARS Cooperative Agreement 58-1950-9-001, the NCRR GCRC grant M01 RR000054 at Tufts University, the Mass Spectrometry Research Resource at Washington University (RR000954, DK020579, and DK056341), and U01AG14369 and 1R01DK70534 at Boston Medical Center, Boston University of Medicine. NR 37 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1930-7381 J9 OBESITY JI Obesity PD MAY PY 2013 VL 21 IS 5 BP 968 EP 975 DI 10.1002/oby.20081 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 187AR UT WOS:000322088300016 PM 23784898 ER PT J AU Brown, RL Menkir, A Krakowsky, M Williams, WP Chen, Z AF Brown, R. L. Menkir, A. Krakowsky, M. Williams, W. P. Chen, Z. TI Aflatoxin accumulation in IITA-ARS maize lines tested in the southern US SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society (APS) Southern-Division CY FEB 08-10, 2013 CL Baton Rouge, LA SP Amer Phytopathol Soc (APS), So Div C1 [Menkir, A.] Int Inst Trop Agr, Ibadan, Nigeria. [Chen, Z.] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Krakowsky, M.] ARS, USDA, Raleigh, NC USA. [Williams, W. P.] ARS, USDA, CHPRRU, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Brown, R. L.] ARS, USDA, SRRC, New Orleans, LA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD MAY PY 2013 VL 103 IS 5 SU 1 BP 2 EP 2 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 196TH UT WOS:000322799000006 ER PT J AU Fountain, JC Raruang, Y Luo, M Brown, RL Chen, Z AF Fountain, J. C. Raruang, Y. Luo, M. Brown, R. L. Chen, Z. TI Maize WRKY transcription factors and their potential roles in regulating defense gene expression during Aspergillus flavus infection SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society (APS) Southern-Division CY FEB 08-10, 2013 CL Baton Rouge, LA SP Amer Phytopathol Soc (APS), So Div C1 [Fountain, J. C.; Raruang, Y.; Chen, Z.] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Luo, M.] Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. [Brown, R. L.] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD MAY PY 2013 VL 103 IS 5 SU 1 BP 4 EP 4 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 196TH UT WOS:000322799000017 ER PT J AU Ganiger, M Raruang, Y Walker, DR Chen, Z AF Ganiger, M. Raruang, Y. Walker, D. R. Chen, Z. TI VIGS study of proteins identified in soybean and Phakopsora pachyrhizi interaction SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society (APS) Southern-Division CY FEB 08-10, 2013 CL Baton Rouge, LA SP Amer Phytopathol Soc (APS), So Div C1 [Ganiger, M.; Raruang, Y.; Chen, Z.] Louisiana State Univ, Agctr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Walker, D. R.] USDA ARS, Urbana, IL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD MAY PY 2013 VL 103 IS 5 SU 1 BP 4 EP 4 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 196TH UT WOS:000322799000019 ER PT J AU Kousik, CS Ikerd, JL Harrison, HF AF Kousik, C. S. Ikerd, J. L. Harrison, H. F. TI Managing pre- and post-harvest Phytophthora fruit rot of watermelon in the Southeast SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society (APS) Southern-Division CY FEB 08-10, 2013 CL Baton Rouge, LA SP Amer Phytopathol Soc (APS), So Div C1 [Kousik, C. S.; Ikerd, J. L.; Harrison, H. F.] ARS, US Vegetable Lab, USDA, Charleston, SC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD MAY PY 2013 VL 103 IS 5 SU 1 BP 6 EP 6 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 196TH UT WOS:000322799000031 ER PT J AU Gine, PAN Culbreath, AK Strickland, TC Smith, CM AF Gine, P. A. Navia Culbreath, A. K. Strickland, T. C. Smith, C. M. TI Visual assessments and canopy reflectance for monitoring disease progress of leaf spot diseases of peanut SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society (APS) Southern-Division CY FEB 08-10, 2013 CL Baton Rouge, LA SP Amer Phytopathol Soc (APS), So Div C1 [Gine, P. A. Navia; Culbreath, A. K.] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Pathol, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Strickland, T. C.; Smith, C. M.] USDA ARS, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD MAY PY 2013 VL 103 IS 5 SU 1 BP 8 EP 8 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 196TH UT WOS:000322799000039 ER PT J AU Olarte, RA Horn, BW Dorner, JW Monacell, JT Singh, R Stone, EA Carbone, I AF Olarte, R. A. Horn, B. W. Dorner, J. W. Monacell, J. T. Singh, R. Stone, E. A. Carbone, I. TI Effect of sexual recombination on population diversity in aflatoxin production by Aspergillus flavus SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society (APS) Southern-Division CY FEB 08-10, 2013 CL Baton Rouge, LA SP Amer Phytopathol Soc (APS), So Div C1 [Monacell, J. T.] N Carolina State Univ, Bioinformat Res Ctr, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Stone, E. A.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Genet, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Olarte, R. A.; Singh, R.; Carbone, I.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Ctr Integrated Fungal Res, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Horn, B. W.; Dorner, J. W.] ARS, Natl Peanut Res Lab, USDA, Dawson, GA USA. RI Stone, Eric/Q-7840-2016 NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD MAY PY 2013 VL 103 IS 5 SU 1 BP 8 EP 8 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 196TH UT WOS:000322799000041 ER PT J AU Power, IL Tillman, BL Holbrook, CC Ozias-Akins, P Chu, Y De Ares, RSA Culbreath, AK AF Power, I. L. Tillman, B. L. Holbrook, C. C. Ozias-Akins, P. Chu, Y. De Ares, R. S. Arias Culbreath, A. K. TI Molecular diversity of the peanut rust pathogen and its host SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society (APS) Southern-Division CY FEB 08-10, 2013 CL Baton Rouge, LA SP Amer Phytopathol Soc (APS), So Div C1 [Ozias-Akins, P.; Chu, Y.] Univ Georgia, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Dept Hort, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Power, I. L.; Culbreath, A. K.] Univ Georgia, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Dept Plant Pathol, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Tillman, B. L.] Univ Florida, North Florida Res & Extens Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Holbrook, C. C.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Unit, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [De Ares, R. S. Arias] USDA ARS, Natl Peanut Res Lab, Dawson, GA 31742 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD MAY PY 2013 VL 103 IS 5 SU 1 BP 9 EP 9 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 196TH UT WOS:000322799000043 ER PT J AU Venterea, RT AF Venterea, Rodney T. TI Theoretical Comparison of Advanced Methods for Calculating Nitrous Oxide Fluxes using Non-steady State Chambers SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERE GAS-EXCHANGE; NUMERICAL EVALUATION; SOIL RESPIRATION; CLOSED-CHAMBER; MODEL; SYSTEM; REGRESSION; EMISSIONS; SURFACE; N2O AB Non-steady state (NSS) chambers provide much of the data used in bottom-up assessments of global nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. Due to inherent limitations in NSS chambers and flux calculation (FC) methods, it is likely that these assessments are negatively biased. Potentially more accurate FC schemes have been developed recently. However, there is little consensus regarding optimum FC methods and they are often selected without critical evaluation of their theoretical basis. This study used diffusion modeling to assess the accuracy of several advanced and conventional FC methods under conditions that both adhered to and violated theoretical assumptions on which the methods are based. Two methods (non-steady-state diffusive flux estimator [NDFE] and chamber bias correction [CBC]) having the same theoretical basis but differing computational approaches displayed contrasting behavior. The NDFE tended to overestimate the actual pre-deployment flux (f(0)) to an increasing degree as assumptions were increasingly violated. In contrast, CBC was most accurate over the broadest range of conditions and relatively insensitive to assumption violation, except when unaccounted-for processes increased above certain levels. Modified R-based Hutchinson and Mosier method (HMR) underestimated f(0) under all conditions but became more accurate relative to NDFE and CBC as lateral gas diffusion and soil biological N2O uptake increased. This analysis offers new insight into the behavior of FC schemes under varying conditions and provides additional evidence that the most commonly used schemes tend to substantially underestimate f(0). Improved understanding of the theoretical basis and limitations of FC schemes should promote more prudent use of chambers, development of improved methods, and more accurate N2O flux estimates at the site-and global-scale. C1 USDA ARS, Soil & Water Management Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Venterea, RT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Soil & Water Management Unit, 1991 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM rod.venterea@ars.usda.gov RI Venterea, Rodney/A-3930-2009 FU National Research Initiative Competitive Grant from the USDA CSREES/NIFA Air Quality Program [2009-55112-05216]; Agricultural Research Service of the USDA as part of the GRACEnet Project FX This work was supported in part by the National Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2009-55112-05216 from the USDA CSREES/NIFA Air Quality Program, and the Agricultural Research Service of the USDA as part of the GRACEnet Project. NR 38 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 50 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 77 IS 3 BP 709 EP 720 DI 10.2136/sssaj2013.01.0010 PG 12 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 186YR UT WOS:000322082400002 ER PT J AU Goldberg, S Suarez, DL AF Goldberg, Sabine Suarez, Donald L. TI Arsenate Adsorption by Unsaturated Alluvial Sediments SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID IRON-OXIDE MINERALS; TULARE LAKE BED; COMPETITIVE ADSORPTION; WATER INTERFACE; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; SURFACE; SOILS; PHOSPHATE; GOETHITE; ARSENITE AB Arsenic can occur naturally in excess of drinking water standards. Earlier a field-scale recharge pond experiment in the Antelope Valley ground water basin, Mohave Desert, California, was performed to determine the effectiveness of naturally occurring minerals in the unsaturated zone to treat high As water. The extent to which the remediation can be continued on any site is unknown and depends on the As adsorption properties and capacity of the sediments. Therefore, arsenate adsorption reactions as a function of solution As concentration and solution pH were investigated on five alluvial sediments obtained from various depths of a borehole adjacent to the recharge pond. Arsenate adsorption increased with increasing solution pH, exhibited a maximum around pH 4 to 5, and then decreased with increasing pH. The constant capacitance model was able to fit arsenate adsorption on the sediments as a function of solution As concentration and solution pH. A general regression model was used to predict arsenate surface complexation constants from routinely measured chemical parameters. The predicted arsenate constants were used to predict adsorption on the sediments, thereby providing a completely independent evaluation of the ability of the model to describe arsenate adsorption. The prediction equations were able to satisfactorily predict arsenate adsorption on one of the five sediments whose chemical properties fell into the range for the set of soils used to develop the prediction equations. Equimolar phosphate concentrations did not affect the extent of arsenate adsorption indicating that the extent of arsenate remediation by the sediments will be unaffected by the low amounts of native phosphate. C1 [Goldberg, Sabine; Suarez, Donald L.] USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Goldberg, S (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, 450 W Big Springs Rd, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM sabine.goldberg@ars.usda.gov NR 66 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 11 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 77 IS 3 BP 782 EP 791 DI 10.2136/sssaj2012.0322 PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 186YR UT WOS:000322082400010 ER PT J AU Stott, DE Karlen, DL Cambardella, CA Harmel, RD AF Stott, Diane E. Karlen, Douglas L. Cambardella, Cynthia A. Harmel, R. Daren TI A Soil Quality and Metabolic Activity Assessment after Fifty-Seven Years of Agricultural Management SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ENZYME-ACTIVITIES; CHLOROFORM FUMIGATION; ASSESSMENT FRAMEWORK; CARBON CONTENT; LITTER; VERTISOL; NITROGEN; CULTIVATION; WATERSHEDS; IMPACTS AB Soil quality assessment is a process for understanding long-term effects of soil and crop management. Our objective was to assess those effects on Vertisols in Texas after 57 yr. Five fields were sampled in 2006: a managed native pasture (NP), two pastures that were previously cropped and then seeded to Coastal bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] for the past 57 (CB) or 31 (CBTL) yr, and two fields that have been continuously cropped (RCTL and RC). The RCTL and CBTL fields have had turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) litter amendments. The soil quality assessment was conducted using the Soil Management Assessment Framework, using 10 measured soil attributes. There were significant differences in the overall soil quality ratings, which ranged from 75 to 94% of optimum in the following order: CBTL > NP = RCTL > CB approximate to RC. When separated into index values by sector, physical soil quality ranged from 66 to 84% of optimum, with NP approximate to CBTL > RCTL approximate to CB approximate to RC. All management systems had nearly the same chemical quality rating (94-95%). Focusing only on nutrient attributes, RC, RCTL, and CBTL had significantly higher ratings than the other treatments (99%), with NP being significantly lower (47%). Biological and biochemical soil quality ratings ranged from 44 to 81%, with the NP performing significantly better (81%) and RC significantly lower (44%) than the other treatments. The CBTL treatment exhibited the greatest levels of enzymatic activity and RC the lowest. There were several significant correlations between soil enzymatic activities and other soil parameters. Overall, turkey litter amendments improved soil quality, demonstrating that carefully managed bermudagrass pastures can be more productive than managed native grass pastures, primarily because of improved plant nutrient availability. C1 [Stott, Diane E.] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Karlen, Douglas L.; Cambardella, Cynthia A.] USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Harmel, R. Daren] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. RP Stott, DE (reprint author), Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, 275 S Russell St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM diane.stott@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS under the ARS Conservation Effects Assessment Project FX We thank Rhonda Graef, Larry Pelleck, and Jody Omacht for their technical assistance. This publication is based on work supported by the USDA-ARS under the ARS Conservation Effects Assessment Project. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 51 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 22 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 77 IS 3 BP 903 EP 913 DI 10.2136/sssaj2012.0355 PG 11 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 186YR UT WOS:000322082400022 ER PT J AU Follett, RF Jantalia, CP Halvorson, AD AF Follett, Ronald F. Jantalia, Claudia Pozzi Halvorson, Ardell D. TI Soil Carbon Dynamics for Irrigated Corn under Two Tillage Systems SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC-CARBON; NITROGEN-FERTILIZATION; AGRICULTURAL MANAGEMENT; CROPPING SYSTEMS; SOUTHERN BRAZIL; EASTERN CANADA; GREAT-PLAINS; MATTER; SEQUESTRATION; STOCKS AB Conventional tillage (CT) with high N rates and irrigation is used more frequently than no-till (NT) for growing continuous corn (Zea mays L.) in the central Great Plains of the United States. The objective of this study was to evaluate soil organic C (SOC) stocks throughout the soil profile as well as the potential for maintaining or sequestering SOC within the soil profile (0- 120 cm) under irrigated, continuous corn as affected by NT and CT and three N rates. Isotopic delta C-13 techniques provided information about the fate of C added to soil by corn (C-4-C) and of residual C-3-C from cool-season plants grown before this study. Relative contributions of C-4-C and C-3-C to SOC stocks after 8 yr were determined. Retention of C-4-C from corn was measured under NT and CT. Nitrogen fertilization slowed losses of C-3-C and improved retention of C-4-C. No-till was superior to CT in maintaining SOC. Deep soil sampling to 120 cm and the use of stable C isotope techniques allowed evaluation of changes in SOC stocks during the 8-yr period. Change in SOC under NT vs. CT resulted from greater loss of C-3-C stocks under CT throughout the soil profile. Irrigated corn has a low potential to sequester SOC in the central Great Plains, especially under CT. The results of this study indicate that stability of the soil organic matter and its perceived "recalcitrance" is altered by environmental and biological controls. C1 [Follett, Ronald F.; Halvorson, Ardell D.] ARS, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Jantalia, Claudia Pozzi] Embrapa Agrobiol, BR-23890 Seropedica, RJ, Brazil. RP Follett, RF (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg D,Ste 100, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM ronald.follett@ars.usda.gov FU Agricultural Research Service under the ARS GRACEnet Project; EMBRAPA FX We thank E. D. Buenger, E. G. Pruessner, P. Norris, B. Floyd, and R. D'Adamo for their assistance and support in collecting, processing, and analyzing the solutions, soil samples, and data reported here, and ARDEC staff for help in plot maintenance. This publication is based on work supported by the Agricultural Research Service under the ARS GRACEnet Project. C. P. Jantalia thanks EMBRAPA for the financial support and the USDA-ARS for providing the facilities for all the experimental steps. NR 49 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 8 U2 44 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 77 IS 3 BP 951 EP 963 DI 10.2136/sssaj2012.0413 PG 13 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 186YR UT WOS:000322082400026 ER PT J AU Locke, MA Zablotowicz, RM Steinriede, RW Testa, S Reddy, KN AF Locke, Martin A. Zablotowicz, Robert M. Steinriede, Robert W., Jr. Testa, Sam Reddy, Krishna N. TI Conservation Management in Cotton Production: Long-Term Soil Biological, Chemical, and Physical Changes SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SILT LOAM SOIL; ORGANIC-CARBON; COVER CROP; RESIDUE MANAGEMENT; NO-TILLAGE; MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; LAND-USE; SYSTEMS; NITROGEN; IMPACTS AB Conservation practices are increasingly important components of sustainable management systems, and information about their influence on soil characteristics is needed. Soil parameters were assessed in no-till (NT) or minimum tillage (MT) cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) production near Stoneville, MS, Mississippi Delta region, that included cover crop (rye [Secale cereal L.] or Balansa clover [Trifolium michelianum Savi var. balansae (Boiss.) Azn.]) vs. no cover crop. Soils (0-2, 2-5, and 5-15 cm) were sampled (2001-2006) before cotton planting. Independent of tillage, both cover crops accumulated more soil C than no cover, and N was greatest under clover. Soils (0-15 cm) under clover had greater aggregate stability than rye or no cover. The major factor influencing bulk density and infiltration was proximity to crop row bed and wheel traffic, but infiltration rates were sixfold greater under MT than NT (P < 0.01), with less effect of cover crop (P < 0.06, clover > rye or no cover). Moderate tillage slightly increased abundance of both reniform nematodes and earthworms, but neither was affected by cover crop. Fluorescein diacetate hydrolytic activity was higher in clover (50%) and rye (20%) in surface soil than with no cover. Soil microbial community structure (total fatty acid methyl ester analysis) (2005-2006) indicated a significant cover crop effect but no tillage effect. Mycorrhizal bioindicator (16:1 omega 5c) was greater in soil with rye than clover or no cover; however, cotton mycorrhizal infection was 40% greater in fibrous roots from rye or clover plots than roots from plots with no cover. Collectively, cotton production with a cover crop and reduced tillage resulted in soil conditions indicative of soil quality. C1 [Locke, Martin A.; Steinriede, Robert W., Jr.; Testa, Sam] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Water Qual & Ecol Res Unit, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. [Zablotowicz, Robert M.; Reddy, Krishna N.] USDA ARS, Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Locke, MA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Water Qual & Ecol Res Unit, 598 McElroy Dr, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. EM Martin.locke@ars.usda.gov OI Zablotowicz, Robert/0000-0001-8070-1998 NR 70 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 43 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 77 IS 3 BP 974 EP 984 DI 10.2136/sssaj2012.0325 PG 11 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 186YR UT WOS:000322082400028 ER PT J AU Barsotti, JL Sainju, UM Lenssen, AW Montagne, C Hatfield, PG AF Barsotti, Joy L. Sainju, Upendra M. Lenssen, Andrew W. Montagne, Clifford Hatfield, Patrick G. TI Net Greenhouse Gas Emissions Affected by Sheep Grazing in Dryland Cropping Systems SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID NORTHERN GREAT-PLAINS; CARBON-DIOXIDE EMISSION; NITROUS-OXIDE EMISSIONS; CORN-SOYBEAN ROTATION; SOIL CARBON; METHANE OXIDATION; TILLAGE PRACTICES; MANAGEMENT; FLUX; AGRICULTURE AB Sheep (Ovis aries L.) grazing is an inexpensive method of weed control in dryland cropping systems, but little is known about its effect on net greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. We evaluated the effect of sheep grazing compared with herbicide application for weed control on GHG (CO2, N2O, and CH4) emissions from May to October 2010 and 2011, net global warming potential (GWP), and greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) in a silt loam under dryland cropping systems in western Montana. Treatments were two fallow management practices (sheep grazing [GRAZ] and herbicide application [CHEM]) and three cropping sequences (continuous alfalfa [Medicago sativa L.] [CA], continuous spring wheat [Triticum aestivum L.] [CSW], and spring wheat-pea [Pisum sativum L.]/barley [Hordeum vulgaris L.] hay-fallow [W-P/B-F]). Gas fluxes were measured at 3- to 14-d intervals with a vented, static chamber. Regardless of treatments, GHG fluxes peaked immediately following substantial precipitation (>12 mm) and N fertilization mostly from May to August. Total CO2 flux from May to October was greater under GRAZ with CA, but total N2O flux was greater under CHEM and GRAZ with CSW than other treatments. Total CH4 flux was greater with CA than W-P/B-F. Net GWP and GHGI were greater under GRAZ with W-P/B-F than most other treatments. Greater CH4 flux due to increased enteric fermentation as a result of longer duration of grazing during fallow, followed by reduced crop residue returned to the soil and/or C sequestration rate probably increased net GHG flux under GRAZ with W-P/B-F. Sheep grazing on a cropping sequence containing fallow may not reduce net GHG emissions compared with herbicide application for weed control on continuous crops. C1 [Barsotti, Joy L.; Sainju, Upendra M.] USDA ARS, No Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. [Lenssen, Andrew W.] Iowa State Univ, Dep Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Montagne, Clifford; Hatfield, Patrick G.] Montana State Univ, Anim Biosci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Montagne, Clifford; Hatfield, Patrick G.] Montana State Univ, Plant Biosci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. RP Sainju, UM (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. EM upendra.sainju@ars.usda.gov FU [USDA-CSREES-ICGP-0002154] FX We appreciate help provided by Joe Barsotti, Jillian Hatfield, Ashlee Johnson, Jennifer Keithly, Kellen Marlow, Melissa Medley, Erin Nix, Thomas O'Neill, Devon Ragen, Nirap Sainju, Megan Schertling, Paramjit Karam Singh, and Emmett Wester for greenhouse gas sample collection in the field and Christopher Russell, Jun Wang, and Rene France for analysis in the laboratory. We also thank Dr. Hayes Goosey and Dr. Zachary Miller for farm management and research coordination. We acknowledge the funding for this project from USDA-CSREES-ICGP-0002154. NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 46 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 77 IS 3 BP 1012 EP 1025 DI 10.2136/sssaj2012.0386 PG 14 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 186YR UT WOS:000322082400031 ER PT J AU Blanco-Canqui, H Holman, JD Schlegel, AJ Tatarko, J Shaver, TM AF Blanco-Canqui, Humberto Holman, John D. Schlegel, Alan J. Tatarko, John Shaver, Tim M. TI Replacing Fallow with Cover Crops in a Semiarid Soil: Effects on Soil Properties SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID NORTHERN GREAT-PLAINS; SPRING WHEAT-FALLOW; NO-TILL; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; CROPPING INTENSITY; ORGANIC-CARBON; GREEN FALLOW; SYSTEMS; RUNOFF; REPLACEMENT AB Replacement of fallow in crop-fallow systems with cover crops (CCs) may improve soil properties. We assessed whether replacing fallow in no-till winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-fallow with winter and spring CCs for 5 yr reduced wind and water erosion, increased soil organic carbon (SOC), and improved soil physical properties on a Ulysses silt loam (fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Aridic Haplustolls) in the semiarid central Great Plains. Winter triticale (xTriticosecale Wittm.), winter lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.), spring lentil, spring pea (Pisum sativum L. ssp.), and spring triticale CCs were compared with wheat-fallow and continuous wheat under no-till management. We also studied the effect of triticale haying on soil properties. Results indicate that spring triticale and spring lentil increased soil aggregate size distribution, while spring lentil reduced the wind erodible fraction by 1.6 times, indicating that CCs reduced the soil's susceptibility to wind erosion. Cover crops also increased wet aggregate stability and reduced runoff loss of sediment, total P, and NO3-N. After 5 yr, winter and spring triticale increased SOC pool by 2.8 Mg ha(-1) and spring lentil increased SOC pool by 2.4 Mg ha(-1) in the 0- to 7.5-cm depth compared with fallow. Triticale haying compared with no haying for 5 yr did not affect soil properties. Nine months after termination, CCs had, however, no effects on soil properties, suggesting that CC benefits are short lived in this climate. Overall, CCs, grown in each fallow phase in no-till, can reduce soil erosion and improve soil aggregation in this semiarid climate. C1 [Blanco-Canqui, Humberto] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Holman, John D.] Kansas State Univ, Southwest Research Extens Ctr, Garden City, KS 67846 USA. [Schlegel, Alan J.] Kansas State Univ, Southwest Research Extens Ctr, Tribune, KS 67879 USA. [Tatarko, John] USDA ARS, Engn & Wind Eros Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Shaver, Tim M.] Univ Nebraska, West Cent Res & Extens Ctr, North Platte, NE 69101 USA. RP Blanco-Canqui, H (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, 261 Plant Sci Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM hblancocanqui2@unl.edu FU Ogallala Aquifer Program-USDA Agricultural Research Service FX This research work was funded by the Ogallala Aquifer Program-USDA Agricultural Research Service. Comments provided by Dr. Charles Wortmann during the preparation of the manuscript are greatly appreciated. NR 44 TC 7 Z9 6 U1 9 U2 70 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 77 IS 3 BP 1026 EP 1034 DI 10.2136/sssaj2013.01.0006 PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 186YR UT WOS:000322082400032 ER PT J AU Nave, LE Swanston, CW Mishra, U Nadelhoffer, KJ AF Nave, L. E. Swanston, C. W. Mishra, U. Nadelhoffer, K. J. TI Afforestation Effects on Soil Carbon Storage in the United States: A Synthesis SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID WOODY PLANT INVASION; LAND-USE CHANGE; ORGANIC-CARBON; POPLAR PLANTATIONS; ECOSYSTEM CARBON; AGRICULTURAL SOILS; TEMPERATE FORESTS; NORTH-CAROLINA; NITROGEN; SEQUESTRATION AB Afforestation (tree establishment on nonforested land) is a management option for increasing terrestrial C sequestration and mitigating rising atmospheric carbon dioxide because, compared to nonforested land uses, afforestation increases C storage in aboveground pools. However, because terrestrial ecosystems typically store most of their C in soils, afforestation impacts on soil organic carbon (SOC) storage are critical components of ecosystem C budgets. We applied synthesis methods to identify the magnitude and drivers of afforestation impacts on SOC, and the temporal and vertical distributions of SOC change during afforestation in the United States. Meta-analysis of 39 papers from 1957 to 2010 indicated that previous land use drives afforestation impacts on SOC in mineral soils (overall average = +21%), but mined and other industrial lands (+173%) and wildlands (+31%) were the only groups that specifically showed categorically significant increases. Temporal patterns of SOC increase were statistically significant on former industrial and agricultural lands (assessed by continuous meta-analysis), and suggested that meaningful SOC increases require >= 15 and 30 yr of afforestation, respectively. Meta-analysis of C-13 data demonstrated the greatest SOC changes occur at the surface soil of the profile, although partial replacement of C stocks derived from previous land uses was frequently detectable below 1 m. A geospatial analysis of 409 profiles from the National Soil Carbon Network database supported C-13 meta-analysis results, indicating that transition from cultivation to forest increased A horizon SOC by 32%. In sum, our findings demonstrate that afforestation has significant, positive effects on SOC sequestration in the United States, although these effects require decades to manifest and primarily occur in the uppermost (and perhaps most vulnerable) portion of the mineral soil profile. C1 [Nave, L. E.; Nadelhoffer, K. J.] Univ Michigan, Biol Stn, Pellston, MI 49769 USA. [Nave, L. E.; Nadelhoffer, K. J.] Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Pellston, MI 49769 USA. [Swanston, C. W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Mishra, U.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Nave, LE (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Biol Stn, Pellston, MI 49769 USA. EM lukenave@umich.edu FU USDA-Forest Service, Northern Research Station [10-CR-11242306-113, 06-JV-11242300]; USDA-National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2009-02612] FX This work was supported by agreements no. 10-CR-11242306-113 and 06-JV-11242300 from the USDA-Forest Service, Northern Research Station, and award no. 2009-02612 from the USDA-National Institute of Food and Agriculture. The project was facilitated by the National Soil Carbon Network, and benefited from extensive data contributions to the NSCN from the USDA-Natural Resources Conservation Service, and National Cooperative Soil Survey (Soil Survey Staff, 2011). The authors thank Rich Birdsey, Peter Curtis, Alex Friend, Kyle Kwaiser, and Eric Vance for helping to define the scope, criteria, and methods for this synthesis project; Dan Richter and Megan Mobley for sharing unpublished data from the Calhoun Experimental Forest; and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments that improved the manuscript from its draft version. NR 85 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 6 U2 61 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 77 IS 3 BP 1035 EP 1047 DI 10.2136/sssaj2012.0236 PG 13 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 186YR UT WOS:000322082400033 ER PT J AU Ricker, MC Stolt, MH Donohue, SW Blazejewski, GA Zavada, MS AF Ricker, Matthew C. Stolt, Mark H. Donohue, Sean W. Blazejewski, Gary A. Zavada, Michael S. TI Soil Organic Carbon Pools in Riparian Landscapes of Southern New England SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; FOREST ECOSYSTEM; COASTAL-PLAIN; UNITED-STATES; EROSION; SEDIMENTATION; SUBSURFACE; VEGETATION; DYNAMICS; NITROGEN AB Riparian zones are important catchment-scale depositional environments that receive episodic influx of sediment and C from watershed sources. The specific impacts of upland disturbances on riparian soil development and soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics are still largely unknown. The goal of our study was to understand the role of riparian soils in retaining C at the landscape and catchment scales. We quantified SOC pools to a depth of 1 m at 29 headwater riparian sites in southern New England. Riparian SOC pools ranged from 117 to 495 Mg C ha(-1), with a mean pool of 246 Mg C ha(-1). On average, >50% of the total SOC was stored below 30 cm. Riparian SOC pools differed significantly between soils formed in relatively fast accreting environments (those that contain buried surface horizons; 277 Mg C ha(-1)) and those in slow accreting environments where buried horizons were absent (188 Mg C ha(-1)). Catchment-scale analysis of SOC distribution indicated that riparian zones, on average, occupy 8% of the total watershed area yet store as much as 20% of the total catchment SOC. These results suggest that even though riparian zones occupy a small percentage of the overall watershed, these areas are an important component of the landscape for storage of SOC deposited as a result of catchment-scale disturbances. C1 [Ricker, Matthew C.] Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Stolt, Mark H.] Univ Rhode Isl, Dep Nat Resources Sci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. [Donohue, Sean W.] TRC, South Portland, ME 04086 USA. [Blazejewski, Gary A.] USDA NRCS, Holden, MA 01520 USA. [Zavada, Michael S.] E Tennessee State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Johnson City, TN 37614 USA. RP Stolt, MH (reprint author), Univ Rhode Isl, Dep Nat Resources Sci, 1 Greenhouse Rd, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. EM mstolt@uri.edu FU USDA NRICGP [2007-35107-17799, 99-35102-8266]; Rhode Island Sea Grant, under NOAA [NA40AR4170062] FX We are grateful for field and laboratory assistance provided by Mathew Lautenberger, Alex Salisbury, Chrissy Pruett, David Millar, Adam Rosenblatt, Timothy Twohig, Kelly Addy, Meredith Borenstein, and Mike Narcisi. We would also like to thank Jose Amador and the three anonymous reviewers who helped improve earlier versions of this manuscript. This study was supported by the USDA NRICGP (no. 2007-35107-17799 and 99-35102-8266) and Rhode Island Sea Grant, under NOAA Grant no. NA40AR4170062. This paper is a contribution of the Rhode Island Agricultural Experiment Station (no. 5309). NR 48 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 23 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 77 IS 3 BP 1070 EP 1079 DI 10.2136/sssaj2012.0297 PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 186YR UT WOS:000322082400037 ER PT J AU Roehrdanz, RL Wichmann, SGS AF Roehrdanz, Richard L. Wichmann, Sheila G. Sears TI Wolbachia wsp Gene Clones Detect the Distribution of Wolbachia Variants and wsp Hypervariable Regions Among Individuals of a Multistrain Infected Population of Diabrotica barberi (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) SO ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE endosymbiont; population boundary; Wolbachia surface protein; mtDNA; rootworm ID NORTHERN CORN-ROOTWORM; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; CYTOPLASMIC INCOMPATIBILITY; REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION; MULTIPLE INFECTIONS; MOLECULAR EVIDENCE; CULEX-PIPIENS; DIVERSITY; EVOLUTION; RECOMBINATION AB The northern corn rootworm (Diabrotica barberi Smith & Lawrence) in eastern and central North America exhibits at least three distinct populations with respect to Wolbachia infection: uninfected, singly infected, and multiply infected. The infected states are associated with different mtDNA haplotypes and reduced mtDNA variability. The previous results demonstrated that the major mtDNA clades of D. barberi were infected with different variants of Wolbachia; however, the total amount of Wolbachia diversity was substantially underestimated. Here we report sequences of the Wolbachia wsp surface protein gene indicating that multiple infections are present. Analysis of the wsp sequences establishes the existence at least five distinct wsp variants. The recovery frequency of specific wsp hypervariable regions (HVR) obtained from several individuals was unequal. The most common was obtained 33 times, the least common only once. One of the Wolbachia variants was present in both singly infected and multiply infected individuals. A possible explanation for the frequency differences are that the frequency of each variant is not the same within each insect. An alternative possibility is that not all individuals are infected with all five variants and that different animals contain different combinations of the variants. The second scenario suggests that some variants are rare in the population. Comparisons of the wsp genes with sequences in GenBank show that two of the variants are most similar to variants infecting subspecies of the congeneric western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte and Diabrotica virgifera zeae Krysan & Smith). Individual wsp HVRs were also aligned with GenBank sequences. The results provide evidence that some HVRs are much more common than others and that the HVRs can be shuffled to create new wsp genes. C1 [Roehrdanz, Richard L.; Wichmann, Sheila G. Sears] USDA ARS, Insect Genet & Biochem Res Unit, Red River Valley Agr Res Ctr, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. RP Roehrdanz, RL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Insect Genet & Biochem Res Unit, Red River Valley Agr Res Ctr, 1605 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM richard.roehrdanz@ars.usda.gov NR 56 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 13 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0013-8746 J9 ANN ENTOMOL SOC AM JI Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 106 IS 3 BP 329 EP 338 DI 10.1603/AN12118 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 182TB UT WOS:000321766200007 ER PT J AU Bracewell, RR Pfrender, ME Mock, KE Bentz, BJ AF Bracewell, Ryan R. Pfrender, Michael E. Mock, Karen E. Bentz, Barbara J. TI Contrasting Geographic Patterns of Genetic Differentiation in Body Size and Development Time With Reproductive Isolation in Dendroctonus ponderosae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) SO ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE mountain pine beetle; speciation; adaptation; life-history; bark beetle ID MOUNTAIN PINE-BEETLE; HOPKINS COLEOPTERA; BARK BEETLES; POSTZYGOTIC ISOLATION; TEMPERATURE; SEASONALITY; PLASTICITY; ALLOZYME; ECOLOGY; TRAITS AB Body size and development time are two critical phenotypic traits that can be highly adaptive in insects. Recent population genetic analyses and crossing experiments with the mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) have described substantial levels of neutral molecular genetic differentiation, genetic differences in phenotypic traits, and reproductive isolation. To determine whether genetic differences in adaptive phenotypic traits exist that correspond to reproductive boundaries, we conducted a common garden experiment with seven D. ponderosae populations previously used to identify reproductive incompatibilities. Genetic differences in development time were striking between faster developing, and more synchronized, northern populations and slower developing, and less synchronized, southern populations. Additionally, genetic differences in average body size were found between many populations. Differences in these two traits, however, failed to clearly demarcate populations that exhibit reproductive incompatibilities. Our results suggest that local selection pressures likely drive divergence in these two traits that is largely independent of the evolution of reproductive isolation in D. ponderosae. C1 [Bracewell, Ryan R.; Mock, Karen E.] Utah State Univ, Wildland Resources Dept, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Pfrender, Michael E.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Environm Change Inst, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Bentz, Barbara J.] Univ Montana, Dept Ecosyst & Conservat Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Bentz, Barbara J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Logan, UT 84321 USA. RP Bentz, BJ (reprint author), Univ Montana, Dept Ecosyst & Conservat Sci, 32 Campus Dr, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. EM bbentz@fs.fed.us RI Mock , Karen/C-1418-2011 FU UDSA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station FX We thank J. Vandgriff for assisting with various aspects of this research. We would also like to recognize the many U.S. Forest Service personnel who helped locate beetle populations, including L. Merrill, D. Cluck, L. Spiegel, J. McMillan, and J. Goldberg. We would also like to thank D. Turner for help with statistical analyses and D. Six and three anonymous reviewers for comments on an earlier draft of this paper. This research was funded by The UDSA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. NR 33 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 27 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0013-8746 J9 ANN ENTOMOL SOC AM JI Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 106 IS 3 BP 385 EP 391 DI 10.1603/AN12133 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 182TB UT WOS:000321766200013 ER PT J AU Rohde, B Paris, TM Heatherington, EM Hall, DG Mankin, RW AF Rohde, B. Paris, T. M. Heatherington, E. M. Hall, D. G. Mankin, R. W. TI Responses of Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) to Conspecific Vibrational Signals and Synthetic Mimics SO ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE Asian citrus psyllid; communication; citrus greening disease ID TAMARIXIA-RADIATA HYMENOPTERA; GREEN STINK BUG; ASIAN CITRUS; INSECT DETECTION; COMMUNICATION; HOMOPTERA; TRAPS; EULOPHIDAE; INDICATORS; LEAFHOPPER AB Mate-seeking in Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, a vector of the economically damaging huanglongbing citrus disease, typically includes male-female duetting behaviors. First, the male calls by beating his wings at approximate to 170-250 Hz, producing vibrations that are transmitted along the host tree branches to the female. If receptive, she immediately replies, helping to direct the searching male toward her. The duetting and searching continues until the male locates the female. Males and females are similar in size and produce wingbeat vibrations with similar temporal and spectral patterns. A study of male and female responses to playbacks of recorded and synthetic mimics of different vibrational signals on citrus plants was conducted to better understand the range of signals to which D. citri respond and potentially to co-opt or disrupt their vibrational communication. In general, both sexes responded well to a variety of 0.3-0.5-s signals that included multiple harmonics of approximate to 200-Hz wingbeat-frequency chirps up to approximate to 1,400 Hz (where a chirp is a sine wave tone that sweeps across a narrow range of frequencies). There were only minor differences in female responses to signals containing different relative amplitudes of such chirps, and males readily located sources that played these multiple-harmonic signals. The results are discussed in relation to mating-signal selectivity and the potential for developing automated methods to trap male D. citri by using vibrational signals. C1 [Rohde, B.; Paris, T. M.; Heatherington, E. M.; Mankin, R. W.] ARS, USDA, CMAVE, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Mankin, R. W.] USDA ARS, USHRL, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM richard.mankin@ars.usda.gov FU Citrus Research and Development Foundation FX We thank Betty Weaver and Everett Foreman (USDA-ARS-CMAVE), and Kathy Moulton (USDA-ARS-USHRL) for assistance in the rearing and testing of the psyllids. Funding was provided in part by a grant from the Citrus Research and Development Foundation. NR 37 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 18 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0013-8746 J9 ANN ENTOMOL SOC AM JI Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 106 IS 3 BP 392 EP 399 DI 10.1603/AN12150 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 182TB UT WOS:000321766200014 ER PT J AU Dodson, MV Boudina, S Albrecht, E Bucci, L Culver, MF Wei, SJ Bergen, WG Amaral, AJ Moustaid-Moussa, N Poulos, S Hausman, GJ AF Dodson, Michael V. Boudina, Sihem Albrecht, Elke Bucci, Luke Culver, Melinda Fernyhough Wei, Shengjuan Bergen, Werner G. Amaral, Andreia J. Moustaid-Moussa, Naima Poulos, Sylvia Hausman, Gary J. TI A long journey to effective obesity treatments: is there light at the end of the tunnel? SO EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE obesity; adipocyte; differentiation; dedifferentiation; lipid metabolism; adipogenesis ID MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDE; DIET-INDUCED OBESITY; REVERSES INSULIN-RESISTANCE; HIGH-FAT-DIET; SUBCUTANEOUS ADIPOSE-TISSUE; TYPE-2 DIABETES-MELLITUS; WEIGHT-LOSS DIET; FOOD-INTAKE; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; GENE-EXPRESSION AB As the obesity epidemic continues, more Americans are getting fatter, having more weight-related problems such as cardiovascular disease, and are experiencing new metabolic dysfunctions. For over 50 years, the adipose tissue (AT), commonly referred to as fat, has been of interest to academic and clinical scientists, public health officials and individuals interested in body composition and image including much of the average public, athletes, parents, etc. On one hand, efforts to alter body shape, weight and body fat percentage still include bizarre and scientifically unfounded methods. On the other hand, significant new scientific strides have been made in understanding the growth, function and regulation of anatomical and systemic AT. Markers of transition/conversion of precursor cells that mature to form lipid assimilating adipocytes have been identified. Molecular 'master' regulators such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and CCAAT-enhancer-binding proteins were uncovered and regulatory mechanisms behind variables of adiposity defined and refined. Interventions including pharmaceutical compounds, surgical, psychosocial interventions have also been tested. Has all of the preceding research helped alleviate the adverse physiologies of overweight and/or obese people? Does research to date point to new modalities that should be the focus of efforts to rid the world of obesity-related problems in the 21st century? This review provides a general overview of scientific efforts to date and a provocative view of the future for adiposity. C1 [Dodson, Michael V.; Wei, Shengjuan] Washington State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Boudina, Sihem] Univ Utah, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Metab, Program Mol Med, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Albrecht, Elke] Leibniz Inst Farm Anim Biol, Res Unit Muscle Biol & Growth, D-18196 Dummerstorf, Germany. [Bucci, Luke] Schiff Nutr, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Culver, Melinda Fernyhough] Abitec Corp, Columbus, OH 43215 USA. [Bergen, Werner G.] Auburn Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Amaral, Andreia J.] Univ Lisbon, Fac Med, Inst Med Mol, P-1649028 Lisbon, Portugal. [Moustaid-Moussa, Naima] Texas Tech Univ, Coll Human Sci, Nutr Sci Program, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Poulos, Sylvia] Coca Cola Co, Res & Dev, Atlanta, GA 30313 USA. [Hausman, Gary J.] Univ Georgia, USDA ARS, Dept Anim Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Wei, Shengjuan] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Provinc, Peoples R China. [Amaral, Andreia J.] Univ Lisbon, Fac Ciencias, BioFIG Ctr Biodivers Funct & Integrat Genom, P-1749016 Lisbon, Portugal. RP Dodson, MV (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM dodson@wsu.edu RI Amaral, Andreia/O-8168-2015; OI Amaral, Andreia/0000-0003-0958-5570; Poulos, Sylvia/0000-0002-4476-6679 NR 134 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 14 PU ROYAL SOC MEDICINE PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 WIMPOLE STREET, LONDON W1G 0AE, ENGLAND SN 1535-3702 J9 EXP BIOL MED JI Exp. Biol. Med. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 238 IS 5 BP 491 EP 501 DI 10.1177/1535370213477603 PG 11 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 182QG UT WOS:000321758200005 PM 23856900 ER PT J AU Du, ZJ Miao, TT Rooney, AP Liu, QQ Chen, GJ AF Du, Zong-Jun Miao, Ting-Ting Rooney, Alejandro P. Liu, Qian-Qian Chen, Guan-Jun TI Neiella marina gen. nov., sp nov., isolated from the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STARFISH STELLASTER-EQUESTRIS; HALOPHILUS SP-NOV.; EMENDED DESCRIPTION; ALTEROMONAS-MACLEODII; GENERA ALTEROMONAS; BACTERIUM; COLWELLIA; URCHIN; ACID; PSEUDOALTEROMONAS AB A novel strain, designated J221(T), was isolated from the intestine of a sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus, collected from earthen ponds in Qingdao, China. The strain was Gram-negative, oxidase-positive, aerobic, rod-shaped and motile by means of one to several polar flagella. Growth of strain J221(T) was observed at temperatures between 10 and 40 degrees C with optimum growth between 25 and 28 degrees C. The pH range for growth was 5.0-9.0 with optimum growth at pH 7.5-8.0. The dominant fatty acids were summed feature 3 (comprising Ci(16:1)omega 7c and/or C-16:1 omega 6c, 29.04%), C-16:0 (28.93%) and C-18:1 omega 7c (26.15%). The major polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. Diphosphatidylglycerol, an unknown aminolipid and an unknown aminophospholipid were present in moderate to minor amounts in the polar lipid profile. Strain J221(T) had Q-8 as the major respiratory quinone. The DNA G+C content of strain J221(T) was 46.8 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain J221(T) is a member of the Gammaproteobacteria. It formed a distinct phyletic line with less than 91% sequence similarity to any species within previously recognized genera. On the basis of this polyphasic taxonomic study, strain J221(T) should be classified as a representative of a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Neiella marina gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Neiella marina is J221(T) (=CGMCC 1.10130(T)=NRRL B-51319(T)). C1 [Du, Zong-Jun; Miao, Ting-Ting; Liu, Qian-Qian; Chen, Guan-Jun] Shandong Univ Weihai, Coll Marine Sci, Weihai 264209, Peoples R China. [Du, Zong-Jun; Chen, Guan-Jun] Shandong Univ, State Key Lab Microbial Technol, Jinan 250100, Peoples R China. [Rooney, Alejandro P.] ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Chen, GJ (reprint author), Shandong Univ Weihai, Coll Marine Sci, Weihai 264209, Peoples R China. EM guanjun@sdu.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [40730847]; Shandong Provincial Programs for Science and Technology Development [2011GSF12108]; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2012M511493]; Special Fund for Shangdong Provincial Post-doctoral Innovative Programs [201003058] FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (40730847), Shandong Provincial Programs for Science and Technology Development (2011GSF12108), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2012M511493) and Special Fund for Shangdong Provincial Post-doctoral Innovative Programs (201003058). NR 28 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 1466-5026 J9 INT J SYST EVOL MICR JI Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 63 BP 1597 EP 1601 DI 10.1099/ijs.0.043448-0 PN 5 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 168XM UT WOS:000320741200003 PM 22904222 ER PT J AU Pourhashem, G Spatari, S Boateng, AA McAloon, AJ Mullen, CA AF Pourhashem, Ghasideh Spatari, Sabrina Boateng, Akwasi A. McAloon, Andrew J. Mullen, Charles A. TI Life Cycle Environmental and Economic Tradeoffs of Using Fast Pyrolysis Products for Power Generation SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS; BIO-OIL; ELECTRICITY-GENERATION; BIOMASS; BIOCHAR; BIOFUELS; CARBON AB Bio-oils produced from small-scale pyrolysis may have economic and environmental benefits for both densifying agricultural biomass and supplying local bioenergy markets with fossil energy alternatives to support state policies (e.g., Renewable Portfolio Standards). We analyze the life cycle greenhouse gas (GHG), energy, and cost tradeoffs for farm-scale bio-oil production via fast pyrolysis of corn stover feedstock and subsequent utilization for power generation in the state of Pennsylvania. We evaluate the life cycle ramifications of either cofiring the biochar coproduct with coal in existing power plants for energy generation, or using the biochar as a land amendment within the agricultural sector. The results show GHG emissions of 217 and 84 g CO(2)e per kWh of bio-oil electricity for coal cofiring and land amendment, respectively. Cofiring biochar with coal displaces more fossil energy than does land application. We discuss the potential for bio-oil and biochar penetrating near-term electricity markets (c. 2015). Our analysis shows that the electricity produced from burning pyrolysis oil and biochar with variable operating costs of $93/MWh and $18/MWh, respectively, are competitive with the fuel oil and coal electricity markets in Pennsylvania within the vicinity of the agricultural sites supplying biomass in spite of the potentially higher NOx emissions due to nitrogen present in the fuel. Small scale pyrolysis bio-oil may be an economically viable and environmentally sustainable near-term option for peak power production and for meeting the state's Renewable Portfolio Standards. C1 [Pourhashem, Ghasideh; Spatari, Sabrina] Drexel Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Boateng, Akwasi A.; McAloon, Andrew J.; Mullen, Charles A.] USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Spatari, S (reprint author), Drexel Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM spatari@drexel.edu FU U.S. Department of Agriculture [581935008]; U.S. Department of Agriculture under USDA-NIFA [2012-10008-20271] FX This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture under Specific Cooperative Agreement 581935008 and objectives under USDA-NIFA 2012-10008-20271. The authors greatly thank four independent reviewers, Dr. Leland Dickey from USDA for discussions on modeling the pyrolysis reactions, Drexel students Alexander Stadel for assistance in LCA modeling and analysis and Maryam Ronagh for assistance with figures and graphics, and Dr. Andrew Huemmler of the University of Pennsylvania for discussions on electricity markets and policy. NR 45 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 40 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 EI 1520-5029 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD MAY PY 2013 VL 27 IS 5 BP 2578 EP 2587 DI 10.1021/ef3016206 PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 171FP UT WOS:000320910800023 ER PT J AU Soloiu, V Weaver, J Ochieng, H Vlcek, B Butts, C Jansons, M AF Soloiu, Valentin Weaver, Jabeous Ochieng, Henry Vlcek, Brian Butts, Christopher Jansons, Marcis TI Evaluation of Peanut Fatty Acid Methyl Ester Sprays, Combustion, and Emissions, for Use in an Indirect Injection Diesel Engine SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID BIODIESEL FUEL; ATOMIZATION; PRESSURE; OIL AB The paper provides an analysis of 100% peanut fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) and peanut FAME/ULSD#2 blends (P20, P35, and P50) in an indirect injection (IDI) diesel engine (for auxiliary power unit applications) in comparison to ultralow sulfur diesel no. 2 (ULSD#2) at various speeds and 100% load. From the fuel thermal and physical properties, it was determined that up to 50% peanut FAMEs blended with ULSD#2 (P50) would meet the ASTM D6751 fuel standard for viscosity. The ignition delay was in the range of 1 ms, and the apparent heat release presented similar values for all investigated fuels. The maximum cylinder instantaneous gas combustion temperature reached about 2100 K while the total heat flux was 1.95 MW/m(2), and it was found that there was a 7% average increase in brake specific fuel consumption for P50 over ULSD#2. The mechanical efficiency for ULSD#2 and all of the tested FAMEs was around 77%, with 10% loss in overall engine efficiency for FAMEs compared with ULSD#2. Nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions of the FAMEs, with an average value of 1.8 g/kWh and soot values with an average value of 0.15 g/kWh displayed very similar results with that of ULSD#2. Combustion analysis demonstrated the high tolerance of the IDI engine to various peanut FAME blends with results being similar to ULSD#2 and proved the suitability of this combination of fuel engine for auxiliary power unit applications. C1 [Soloiu, Valentin; Weaver, Jabeous; Ochieng, Henry; Vlcek, Brian] Georgia So Univ, Dept Mech & Elect Engn, Statesboro, GA 30460 USA. [Butts, Christopher] ARS, USDA, Natl Peanut Res Lab, Dawson, GA 39842 USA. [Jansons, Marcis] Wayne State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. RP Soloiu, V (reprint author), Georgia So Univ, Dept Mech & Elect Engn, Statesboro, GA 30460 USA. EM vsoloiu@georgiasouthern.edu FU DOE; NSF FX The authors acknowledge the support for their project by DOE and NSF. Appreciation is expressed towards Mr. Spencer Harp for his contribution to the engine instrumentation, Mr. Jeffery Lewis for his contribution towards data acquisition and analysis, Dr. Koehler for his work in determining the fatty acid profile for the FAMEs provided, and Dr. Lobue for his contribution towards the calorimeter testing. NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD MAY PY 2013 VL 27 IS 5 BP 2608 EP 2618 DI 10.1021/ef302069d PG 11 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 171FP UT WOS:000320910800026 ER PT J AU Yoder, JA Jajack, AJ Rosselot, AE Smith, TJ Yerke, MC Sammataro, D AF Yoder, Jay A. Jajack, Andrew J. Rosselot, Andrew E. Smith, Terrance J. Yerke, Mary Clare Sammataro, Diana TI Fungicide Contamination Reduces Beneficial Fungi in Bee Bread Based on an Area-Wide Field Study in Honey Bee, Apis mellifera, Colonies SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMIC FUNGICIDES; POLLEN; RESIDUES; MICROBIOLOGY; PESTICIDES; PRODUCTS; CONTACT AB Fermentation by fungi converts stored pollen into bee bread that is fed to honey bee larvae, Apis mellifera, so the diversity of fungi in bee bread may be related to its food value. To explore the relationship between fungicide exposure and bee bread fungi, samples of bee bread collected from bee colonies pollinating orchards from 7 locations over 2 years were analyzed for fungicide residues and fungus composition. There were detectable levels of fungicides from regions that were sprayed before bloom. An organic orchard had the highest quantity and variety of fungicides, likely due to the presence of treated orchards within bees' flight range. Aspergillus, Penicillium, Rhizopus, and Cladosporium (beneficial fungi) were the primary fungal isolates found, regardless of habitat differences. There was some variation in fungal components amongst colonies, even within the same apiary. The variable components were Absidia, Alternaria, Aureobasidium, Bipolaris, Fusarium, Geotrichum, Mucor, Nigrospora, Paecilomyces, Scopulariopsis, and Trichoderma. The number of fungal isolates was reduced as an effect of fungicide contamination. Aspergillus abundance was particularly affected by increased fungicide levels, as indicated by Simpson's diversity index. Bee bread showing fungicide contamination originated from colonies, many of which showed chalkbrood symptoms. C1 [Yoder, Jay A.; Jajack, Andrew J.; Rosselot, Andrew E.; Smith, Terrance J.; Yerke, Mary Clare] Wittenberg Univ, Dept Biol, Springfield, OH 45501 USA. [Sammataro, Diana] ARS, Carl Hayden Honey Bee Res Ctr, USDA, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Yoder, JA (reprint author), Wittenberg Univ, Dept Biol, Ward St & North Wittenberg Ave,POB 720, Springfield, OH 45501 USA. EM jyoder@wittenberg.edu NR 32 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 60 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1528-7394 J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A PD MAY 1 PY 2013 VL 76 IS 10 BP 587 EP 600 DI 10.1080/15287394.2013.798846 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 184JE UT WOS:000321885100001 PM 23859127 ER PT J AU Lanfear, R Ho, SYW Davies, TJ Moles, AT Aarssen, L Swenson, NG Warman, L Zanne, AE Allen, AP AF Lanfear, Robert Ho, Simon Y. W. Davies, T. Jonathan Moles, Angela T. Aarssen, Lonnie Swenson, Nathan G. Warman, Laura Zanne, Amy E. Allen, Andrew P. TI Taller plants have lower rates of molecular evolution SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID FLOWERING PLANTS; GENERATION TIME; LIFE-HISTORY; NUCLEOTIDE SUBSTITUTION; INDEPENDENT CONTRASTS; METABOLIC-RATE; GROWTH-RATE; BODY-SIZE; CLOCK; PHYLOGENIES AB Rates of molecular evolution have a central role in our understanding of many aspects of species' biology. However, the causes of variation in rates of molecular evolution remain poorly understood, particularly in plants. Here we show that height accounts for about one-fifth of the among-lineage rate variation in the chloroplast and nuclear genomes of plants. This relationship holds across 138 families of flowering plants, and when accounting for variation in species richness, temperature, ultraviolet radiation, latitude and growth form. Our observations can be explained by a link between height and rates of genome copying in plants, and we propose a mechanistic hypothesis to account for this-the 'rate of mitosis' hypothesis. This hypothesis has the potential to explain many disparate observations about rates of molecular evolution across the tree of life. Our results have implications for understanding the evolutionary history and future of plant lineages in a changing world. C1 [Lanfear, Robert] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Lanfear, Robert] Natl Evolutionary Synth Ctr, Durham, NC 27705 USA. [Ho, Simon Y. W.] Univ Sydney, Sch Biol Sci, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Davies, T. Jonathan] McGill Univ, Dept Biol, Montreal, PQ H3A 1B1, Canada. [Moles, Angela T.; Warman, Laura] Univ New S Wales, Sch Biol Earth & Environm Sci, Evolut & Ecol Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Aarssen, Lonnie] Queens Univ, Dept Biol, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. [Swenson, Nathan G.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Warman, Laura] USDA, Forest Serv, Inst Pacif Islands Forestry, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Zanne, Amy E.] George Washington Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Zanne, Amy E.] Ctr Conservat & Sustainable Dev, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Allen, Andrew P.] Macquarie Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. RP Lanfear, R (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol, Bldg 116 Daley Rd, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. EM rob.lanfear@anu.edu.au RI Warman, Laura/C-6651-2011; Ho, Simon/A-8417-2008; Moles, Angela/C-3083-2008 OI Warman, Laura/0000-0001-7339-749X; Ho, Simon/0000-0002-0361-2307; Moles, Angela/0000-0003-2041-7762 NR 47 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 4 U2 81 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2041-1723 J9 NAT COMMUN JI Nat. Commun. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 4 AR 1879 DI 10.1038/ncomms2836 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 166WI UT WOS:000320589900075 PM 23695673 ER PT J AU Hufford, MB Lubinksy, P Pyhajarvi, T Devengenzo, MT Ellstrand, NC Ross-Ibarra, J AF Hufford, Matthew B. Lubinksy, Pesach Pyhaejaervi, Tanja Devengenzo, Michael T. Ellstrand, Norman C. Ross-Ibarra, Jeffrey TI The Genomic Signature of Crop-Wild Introgression in Maize SO PLOS GENETICS LA English DT Article ID SUNFLOWER HELIANTHUS-ANNUUS; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; BARLEY HORDEUM-VULGARE; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; GENE FLOW; ADAPTIVE INTROGRESSION; REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION; DOMESTICATION HISTORY; NATURAL HYBRIDIZATION; MOLECULAR EVIDENCE AB The evolutionary significance of hybridization and subsequent introgression has long been appreciated, but evaluation of the genome-wide effects of these phenomena has only recently become possible. Crop-wild study systems represent ideal opportunities to examine evolution through hybridization. For example, maize and the conspecific wild teosinte Zea mays ssp. mexicana (hereafter, mexicana) are known to hybridize in the fields of highland Mexico. Despite widespread evidence of gene flow, maize and mexicana maintain distinct morphologies and have done so in sympatry for thousands of years. Neither the genomic extent nor the evolutionary importance of introgression between these taxa is understood. In this study we assessed patterns of genome-wide introgression based on 39,029 single nucleotide polymorphisms genotyped in 189 individuals from nine sympatric maize-mexicana populations and reference allopatric populations. While portions of the maize and mexicana genomes appeared resistant to introgression (notably near known cross-incompatibility and domestication loci), we detected widespread evidence for introgression in both directions of gene flow. Through further characterization of these genomic regions and preliminary growth chamber experiments, we found evidence suggestive of the incorporation of adaptive mexicana alleles into maize during its expansion to the highlands of central Mexico. In contrast, very little evidence was found for adaptive introgression from maize to mexicana. The methods we have applied here can be replicated widely, and such analyses have the potential to greatly inform our understanding of evolution through introgressive hybridization. Crop species, due to their exceptional genomic resources and frequent histories of spread into sympatry with relatives, should be particularly influential in these studies. C1 [Hufford, Matthew B.; Pyhaejaervi, Tanja; Devengenzo, Michael T.; Ross-Ibarra, Jeffrey] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Lubinksy, Pesach] ARS, USDA, Washington, DC USA. [Ellstrand, Norman C.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Ross-Ibarra, Jeffrey] Univ Calif Davis, Genome Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Ross-Ibarra, Jeffrey] Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Populat Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Hufford, MB (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM rossibarra@ucdavis.edu RI Ross-Ibarra, Jeffrey/D-7782-2011 OI Ross-Ibarra, Jeffrey/0000-0003-1656-4954 FU UC MEXUS; Academy of Finland; US-NSF grant [IOS-0922703]; USDA-National Institute of Food and Agriculture grant [2009-01864] FX PL and NCE acknowledge support from UC MEXUS. TP received support from the Academy of Finland. This work was supported by US-NSF grant IOS-0922703 and USDA-National Institute of Food and Agriculture grant 2009-01864. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 99 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 6 U2 87 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-7404 J9 PLOS GENET JI PLoS Genet. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 9 IS 5 AR e1003477 DI 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003477 PG 13 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 159FH UT WOS:000320030000006 PM 23671421 ER PT J AU Merry, K Siry, J Bettinger, P Bowker, JM AF Merry, Krista Siry, Jacek Bettinger, Pete Bowker, J. M. TI Efficient assessments of urban tree planting potential within or near the southern Piedmont region of the United States SO COMPUTERS ENVIRONMENT AND URBAN SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Carbon sequestration; Carbon credits; Urban forests; Supervised classification; Landsat satellite imagery ID COVER CLASSIFICATION ACCURACY; CARBON STORAGE; IMPACTS; BIOMASS; YIELD; USA AB Urban forest carbon offset projects have the potential to draw substantial amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere, increase green space, and possibly generate revenue for landowners in cities capable of trading credits associated with these projects. The area of 15 cities in or near the Piedmont region of the southern United States on which trees could be potentially planted was explored in this analysis. The objectives were to assess a straightforward time-efficient method of classifying land and to determine the extent of the open and plantable areas in these cities. Overall accuracy of the classification process ranged from about 69% to 95%, and on average was 80.1%. The average producer's accuracy for all land classes in all 15 cities was 84.2%, while the average producer's accuracy for the open land class was 78.7%. The average user's accuracy for all land classes and the open class was about 80%. We estimate the amount of open, tree-plantable area in these 15 cities to be a little over 43,300 hectares (ha), comparable to the size of Washington, DC, or about 36 new Harvard Forests (Massachusetts). Extrapolating these results to the entire Piedmont region, the total plantable area in cities would amount to about 438,500 ha, and potentially allow 108 million tons of CO2 to be sequestered, with a value of about 1.084 billion U.S. dollars. Given the small sample size and the variation within the results, the most conservative 95% confidence interval around these estimates suggests that the plantable area today is between about 274,300 ha and 645,100 ha. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Merry, Krista; Siry, Jacek; Bettinger, Pete] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Bowker, J. M.] US Forest Serv, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Merry, K (reprint author), Univ Georgia, 180 E Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM kmerry@warnell.uga.edu OI Bettinger, Pete/0000-0002-5454-3970 NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0198-9715 J9 COMPUT ENVIRON URBAN JI Comput. Environ. Urban Syst. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 39 BP 39 EP 47 DI 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2013.01.005 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Studies; Geography; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Operations Research & Management Science GA 168DY UT WOS:000320687100004 ER PT J AU Meimaridou, A Haasnoot, W Shelver, WL Franek, M Nielen, MWF AF Meimaridou, Anastasia Haasnoot, Willem Shelver, Weilin L. Franek, Milan Nielen, Michel W. F. TI Multiplex immunoassay for persistent organic pollutants in tilapia: comparison of imaging- and flow cytometry-based platforms using spectrally encoded paramagnetic microspheres SO FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS PART A-CHEMISTRY ANALYSIS CONTROL EXPOSURE & RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE POPs; PCBs; PBDEs; PAHs; multiplex immunoassay; super-paramagnetic spectrally encoded microspheres; imaging; flow cytometry ID POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; DIETARY-INTAKE; FARMED SALMON; FOOD; FISH; CONTAMINANTS; PCBS; MILK AB Recent developments in spectrally encoded microspheres (SEMs)-based technologies provide high multiplexing possibilities. Most SEMs-based assays require a flow cytometer with sophisticated fluidics and optics. A new imaging super-paramagnetic SEMs-based alternative platform transports SEMs with considerably less fluid volume into a measuring chamber. Once there SEMs are held in a monolayer by a magnet. Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are focused on the chamber to illuminate the SEMs - instead of lasers and they are imaged by a charge-coupled device (CCD) detector, offering a more compact sized, transportable and affordable system. The feasibility of utilising this system to develop a 3-plex SEMs-based imaging immunoassay (IMIA) for the screening of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) was studied. Moreover the performance characteristics of 3-plex IMIA were critically compared with the conventional 3-plex flow cytometric immunoassay (FCIA). Both SEM technologies have potential for the multiplex analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in buffer and fish extract with insignificant differences in assay sensitivities. Furthermore, we developed a faster and simpler, modified QuEChERS-like generic POPs extraction from tilapia fillet using sodium hydrogen carbonate as one of the salt additives and dispersive solid-phase extraction (dSPE) as a clean-up. Finally, a preliminary in-house validation using 40 different blank and spiked tilapia fillet samples was performed in both systems and the results obtained were critically compared. The lower-cost imaging SEMs-based system performed similarly to the original flow cytometer and, in combination with the new quicker QuEChERS-like extraction, it has high potential for future rapid screening of POPs in several other sample matrices such as other fish species, vegetable refined oils and environmental samples. C1 [Meimaridou, Anastasia; Haasnoot, Willem; Nielen, Michel W. F.] Wageningen Univ & Res Ctr, RIKILT Inst Food Safety, Wageningen, Netherlands. [Shelver, Weilin L.] ARS, USDA, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND USA. [Franek, Milan] Vet Res Inst, Dept Biotechnol, CS-62132 Brno, Czech Republic. [Nielen, Michel W. F.] Wageningen Univ, Lab Organ Chem, NL-6700 AP Wageningen, Netherlands. RP Haasnoot, W (reprint author), Wageningen Univ & Res Ctr, RIKILT Inst Food Safety, Wageningen, Netherlands. EM willem.haasnoot@wur.nl FU European Commission [211326-CP]; Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs FX This research was part of the European Union project entitled 'Contaminants in Food and Feed: Inexpensive Detection for Control of Exposure (acronym Conffidence)' and was financially supported by the European Commission (Contract No. 211326-CP Collaborative Project) and the Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs. The authors thank Professor Dietmar Knopp for providing the antibodies and conjugates for BaP, and Professors Jana Hjaslova, Kamila Kalachova and Monique Bienenmann-Ploum for their creative input. NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 26 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1944-0049 J9 FOOD ADDIT CONTAM A JI Food Addit. Contam. Part A-Chem. PD MAY 1 PY 2013 VL 30 IS 5 BP 843 EP 852 DI 10.1080/19440049.2013.769138 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA 166QA UT WOS:000320571000009 PM 23656318 ER PT J AU Xia, R Meyers, BC Liu, ZC Beers, EP Ye, SQ Liu, ZR AF Xia, Rui Meyers, Blake C. Liu, Zhongchi Beers, Eric P. Ye, Songqing Liu, Zongrang TI MicroRNA Superfamilies Descended from miR390 and Their Roles in Secondary Small Interfering RNA Biogenesis in Eudicots SO PLANT CELL LA English DT Article ID TRANS-ACTING SIRNAS; GENOME-WIDE ANALYSIS; PENTATRICOPEPTIDE REPEAT PROTEINS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; DNA METHYLATION; PLANT MICRORNAS; MESSENGER-RNAS; MALE-STERILITY; MIRNA GENES; EVOLUTION AB Trans-acting small interfering RNAs (tasiRNAs) are a major class of small RNAs performing essential biological functions in plants. The first reported tasiRNA pathway, that of miR173-TAS1/2, produces tasiRNAs regulating a set of pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) genes and has been characterized only in Arabidopsis thaliana to date. Here, we demonstrate that the microRNA (miRNA)-trans-acting small interfering RNA gene (TAS)-pentatricopeptide repeat-containing gene (PPR)-small interfering RNA pathway is a highly dynamic and widespread feature of eudicots. Nine eudicot plants, representing six different plant families, have evolved similar tasiRNA pathways to initiate phased small interfering RNA (phasiRNA) production from PPR genes. The PPR phasiRNA production is triggered by different 22-nucleotide miRNAs, including miR7122, miR1509, and fve-PPRtri1/2, and through distinct mechanistic strategies exploiting miRNA direct targeting or indirect targeting through TAS-like genes (TASL), one-hit or two-hit, or even two layers of tasiRNA-TASL interactions. Intriguingly, although those miRNA triggers display high sequence divergence caused by the occurrence of frequent point mutations and splicing shifts, their corresponding MIRNA genes show pronounced identity to the Arabidopsis MIR173, implying a common origin of this group of miRNAs (super-miR7122). Further analyses reveal that super-miR7122 may have evolved from a newly defined miR4376 superfamily, which probably originated from the widely conserved miR390. The elucidation of this evolutionary path expands our understanding of the course of miRNA evolution, especially for relatively conserved miRNA families. C1 [Xia, Rui; Beers, Eric P.; Liu, Zongrang] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Hort, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Xia, Rui; Liu, Zongrang] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Xia, Rui] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Hort, Alson H Smith Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Winchester, VA 22602 USA. [Meyers, Blake C.] Univ Delaware, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Newark, DE 19717 USA. [Liu, Zhongchi; Beers, Eric P.; Ye, Songqing] Univ Maryland, Dept Cell Biol & Mol Genet, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Liu, ZR (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Hort, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM zongrang.liu@ars.usda.gov RI Meyers, Blake/B-6535-2012; OI Meyers, Blake/0000-0003-3436-6097; Xia, Rui/0000-0003-2409-1181 FU Department of Horticulture at Virginia Tech FX We thank Tony Wolf and the Department of Horticulture at Virginia Tech for financial support to R. X. We also thank members of the Liu and Meyers labs for critical discussions and valuable suggestions. NR 59 TC 33 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 41 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 1040-4651 EI 1532-298X J9 PLANT CELL JI Plant Cell PD MAY PY 2013 VL 25 IS 5 BP 1555 EP 1572 DI 10.1105/tpc.113.110957 PG 18 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Cell Biology GA 172WH UT WOS:000321035800010 PM 23695981 ER PT J AU Park, S Gidda, SK James, CN Horn, PJ Khuu, N Seay, DC Keereetaweep, J Chapman, KD Mullen, RT Dyer, JM AF Park, Sunjung Gidda, Satinder K. James, Christopher N. Horn, Patrick J. Khuu, Nicholas Seay, Damien C. Keereetaweep, Jantana Chapman, Kent D. Mullen, Robert T. Dyer, John M. TI The alpha/beta Hydrolase CGI-58 and Peroxisomal Transport Protein PXA1 Coregulate Lipid Homeostasis and Signaling in Arabidopsis SO PLANT CELL LA English DT Article ID BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTER; CHANARIN-DORFMAN-SYNDROME; LYSOPHOSPHATIDIC ACID ACYLTRANSFERASE; SEEDLING DEVELOPMENT; ABC TRANSPORTER; BETA-OXIDATION; HEPATIC STEATOSIS; FATTY-ACIDS; TRIACYLGLYCEROL; GERMINATION AB COMPARATIVE GENE IDENTIFICATION-58 (CGI-58) is a key regulator of lipid metabolism and signaling in mammals, but its underlying mechanisms are unclear. Disruption of CGI-58 in either mammals or plants results in a significant increase in triacylglycerol (TAG), suggesting that CGI-58 activity is evolutionarily conserved. However, plants lack proteins that are important for CGI-58 activity in mammals. Here, we demonstrate that CGI-58 functions by interacting with the PEROXISOMAL ABC-TRANSPORTER1 (PXA1), a protein that transports a variety of substrates into peroxisomes for their subsequent metabolism by beta-oxidation, including fatty acids and lipophilic hormone precursors of the jasmonate and auxin biosynthetic pathways. We also show that mutant cgi-58 plants display changes in jasmonate biosynthesis, auxin signaling, and lipid metabolism consistent with reduced PXA1 activity in planta and that, based on the double mutant cgi-58 pxa1, PXA1 is epistatic to CGI-58 in all of these processes. However, CGI-58 was not required for the PXA1-dependent breakdown of TAG in germinated seeds. Collectively, the results reveal that CGI-58 positively regulates many aspects of PXA1 activity in plants and that these two proteins function to coregulate lipid metabolism and signaling, particularly in nonseed vegetative tissues. Similarities and differences of CGI-58 activity in plants versus animals are discussed. C1 [Park, Sunjung; Seay, Damien C.; Dyer, John M.] USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [Park, Sunjung; James, Christopher N.; Horn, Patrick J.; Keereetaweep, Jantana; Chapman, Kent D.] Univ N Texas, Dept Biol Sci, Ctr Plant Lipid Res, Denton, TX 76203 USA. [Gidda, Satinder K.; Khuu, Nicholas; Mullen, Robert T.] Univ Guelph, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. RP Dyer, JM (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. EM john.dyer@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science (Biological and Environmental Research) [DE-SC0000797]; University of Guelph Research Chairs Program; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [217291]; USDA [5347-21000-005-00D, STELLAR 2007-38422-18084]; National Science Foundation [DUE 0703118, 1126205] FX We thank Bonnie Bartel (Rice University) for kindly providing the PXA1 cDNA. This research was supported by funds from the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science (Biological and Environmental Research) (DE-SC0000797) to K. D. C., R. T. M., and J.M.D.; the University of Guelph Research Chairs Program and a grant from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (217291) to R. T. M.; the USDA (5347-21000-005-00D) to J.M.D.; and grants from the USDA (STELLAR 2007-38422-18084) and the National Science Foundation (DUE 0703118) to D. C. S. Confocal fluorescence imaging at the University of North Texas was made possible through a Major Research Instrumentation Grant from the National Science Foundation (1126205). NR 52 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 1040-4651 J9 PLANT CELL JI Plant Cell PD MAY PY 2013 VL 25 IS 5 BP 1726 EP 1739 DI 10.1105/tpc.113.111898 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Cell Biology GA 172WH UT WOS:000321035800020 PM 23667126 ER PT J AU Lundquist, PK Poliakov, A Giacomelli, L Friso, G Appel, M McQuinn, RP Krasnoff, SB Rowland, E Ponnala, L Sun, Q van Wijk, KJ AF Lundquist, Peter K. Poliakov, Anton Giacomelli, Lisa Friso, Giulia Appel, Mason McQuinn, Ryan P. Krasnoff, Stuart B. Rowland, Elden Ponnala, Lalit Sun, Qi van Wijk, Klaas J. TI Loss of Plastoglobule Kinases ABC1K1 and ABC1K3 Causes Conditional Degreening, Modified Prenyl-Lipids, and Recruitment of the Jasmonic Acid Pathway SO PLANT CELL LA English DT Article ID PLANT STRESS RESPONSES; CYCLIC ELECTRON FLOW; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; CHLOROPHYLL BREAKDOWN; PRENYLQUINONE METABOLISM; TOCOPHEROL BIOSYNTHESIS; ASCORBATE PEROXIDASES; LIPOPROTEIN PARTICLES; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; PHOSPHORYLATION SITES AB Plastoglobules (PGs) are plastid lipid-protein particles. This study examines the function of PG-localized kinases ABC1K1 and ABC1K3 in Arabidopsis thaliana. Several lines of evidence suggested that ABC1K1 and ABC1K3 form a protein complex. Null mutants for both genes (abc1k1 and abc1k3) and the double mutant (k1 k3) displayed rapid chlorosis upon high light stress. Also, k1 k3 showed a slower, but irreversible, senescence-like phenotype during moderate light stress that was phenocopied by drought and nitrogen limitation, but not cold stress. This senescence-like phenotype involved degradation of the photosystem II core and upregulation of chlorophyll degradation. The senescence-like phenotype was independent of the EXECUTER pathway that mediates genetically controlled cell death from the chloroplast and correlated with increased levels of the singlet oxygen-derived carotenoid beta-cyclocitral, a retrograde plastid signal. Total PG volume increased during light stress in wild type and k1 k3 plants, but with different size distributions. Isolated PGs from k1 k3 showed a modified prenyl-lipid composition, suggesting reduced activity of PG-localized tocopherol cyclase (VTE1), and was consistent with loss of carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 4. Plastid jasmonate biosynthesis enzymes were recruited to the k1 k3 PGs but not wildtype PGs, while pheophytinase, which is involved in chlorophyll degradation, was induced in k1 k3 and not wild-type plants and was localized to PGs. Thus, the ABC1K1/3 complex contributes to PG function in prenyl-lipid metabolism, stress response, and thylakoid remodeling. C1 [Lundquist, Peter K.; Poliakov, Anton; Giacomelli, Lisa; Friso, Giulia; Appel, Mason; Rowland, Elden; van Wijk, Klaas J.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [McQuinn, Ryan P.] Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Sci Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Krasnoff, Stuart B.] USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Ponnala, Lalit; Sun, Qi] Cornell Univ, Computat Biol Serv Unit, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP van Wijk, KJ (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM kv35@cornell.edu FU National Institutes of Health Chemical-Biological Interface training grant [5T32GM008500]; Microsoft Corporation; National Science Foundation [IOS-0701736, IOS-0922560] FX We thank Richard Medville of Electron Microscopy Sciences (Colorado Springs, CO) for collection of TEM micrographs, Ivan Kerestzes of the Cornell NMR facility for assistance with the gas chromatography-MS analysis, and Greg Buda for assistance with photography of the leaf tissue stains. Funding was provided in part by a National Institutes of Health Chemical-Biological Interface training grant (5T32GM008500) awarded to P.K.L. Part of this work was carried out by using the resources of the Computational Biology Service Unit of Cornell University, which is partially funded by the Microsoft Corporation. This study was in part supported by funding to K.J.V.W. from the National Science Foundation (IOS-0701736 and IOS-0922560). NR 72 TC 33 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 34 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 1040-4651 J9 PLANT CELL JI Plant Cell PD MAY PY 2013 VL 25 IS 5 BP 1818 EP 1839 DI 10.1105/tpc.113.111120 PG 22 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Cell Biology GA 172WH UT WOS:000321035800026 PM 23673981 ER PT J AU Harvey, BC Nakamoto, RJ AF Harvey, Bret C. Nakamoto, Rodney J. TI Seasonal and Among-Stream Variation in Predator Encounter Rates for Fish Prey SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CUTTHROAT TROUT; TETHERING EXPERIMENTS; RAINBOW-TROUT; HABITAT USE; BEHAVIOR; SALMON; TEMPERATURE; DEPTH; CONSEQUENCES; POPULATION AB Recognition that predators have indirect effects on prey populations that may exceed their direct consumptive effects highlights the need for a better understanding of spatiotemporal variation in predator-prey interactions. We used photographic monitoring of tethered Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss and Cutthroat Trout O. clarkii to quantify predator encounter rates for fish in four streams of northwestern California during winter-spring and summer. To estimate maximum encounter rates, provide the clearest contrast among streams and seasons, and provide an empirical estimate of a key parameter in an individual-based model of stream salmonids, we consistently placed fish in shallow microhabitats that lacked cover. Over 14-d periods, predators captured fish at 66 of the 88 locations where fish were placed. Eight species of birds (including two species of owls) and mammals were documented as capturing fish. Thirty-six percent of the predator encounters occurred at night. Predator encounter rates varied among streams and between seasons; the best-fitting model of survival included a stream x season interaction. Encounter rates tended to be higher in larger streams than in smaller streams and higher in winter-spring than in summer. Conversion of predator encounter rates from this study to estimates of predation risk by using published information on capture success yielded values similar to an independent estimate of predation risk obtained from calibration of an individual-based model of the trout population in one of the study streams. The multiple mechanisms linking predation risk to population dynamics argue for additional effort to identify patterns of spatiotemporal variation in predation risk. Received July 3, 2012; accepted December 13, 2012 C1 [Harvey, Bret C.; Nakamoto, Rodney J.] US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. RP Harvey, BC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, 1700 Bayview Dr, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. EM bharvey@fs.fed.us NR 31 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 28 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PD MAY 1 PY 2013 VL 142 IS 3 BP 621 EP 627 DI 10.1080/00028487.2012.760485 PG 7 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 167OV UT WOS:000320642200004 ER PT J AU Al-Chokhachy, R Wenger, SJ Isaak, DJ Kershner, JL AF Al-Chokhachy, Robert Wenger, Seth J. Isaak, Daniel J. Kershner, Jeffrey L. TI Characterizing the Thermal Suitability of Instream Habitat for Salmonids: A Cautionary Example from the Rocky Mountains SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID WESTSLOPE CUTTHROAT TROUT; COLUMBIA RIVER-BASIN; BULL TROUT; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BROWN TROUT; WATER TEMPERATURE; BROOK TROUT; STREAM TEMPERATURES; SPECIES DISTRIBUTION; GROWTH AB Understanding a species' thermal niche is becoming increasingly important for management and conservation within the context of global climate change, yet there have been surprisingly few efforts to compare assessments of a species' thermal niche across methods. To address this uncertainty, we evaluated the differences in model performance and interpretations of a species' thermal niche when using different measures of stream temperature and surrogates for stream temperature. Specifically, we used a logistic regression modeling framework with three different indicators of stream thermal conditions (elevation, air temperature, and stream temperature) referenced to a common set of Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis distribution data from the Boise River basin, Idaho. We hypothesized that stream temperature predictions that were contemporaneous with fish distribution data would have stronger predictive performance than composite measures of stream temperature or any surrogates for stream temperature. Across the different indicators of thermal conditions, the highest measure of accuracy was found for the model based on stream temperature predictions that were contemporaneous with fish distribution data (percent correctly classified = 71%). We found considerable differences in inferences across models, with up to 43% disagreement in the amount of stream habitat that was predicted to be suitable. The differences in performance between models support the growing efforts in many areas to develop accurate stream temperature models for investigations of species' thermal niches. Received November 2, 2011; accepted February 15, 2013 C1 [Al-Chokhachy, Robert; Kershner, Jeffrey L.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. [Wenger, Seth J.] Trout Unltd, Boise, ID 83702 USA. [Isaak, Daniel J.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Boise, ID 83702 USA. RP Al-Chokhachy, R (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, 2327 Univ Way,Suite 2, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. EM ral-chokhachy@usgs.gov FU USGS Mendenhall Fellowship Program; USGS [G09AC0050] FX Funding for R. Al-Chokhachy was provided in part through the USGS Mendenhall Fellowship Program. S. Wenger was funded by USGS Grant G09AC0050. We thank Kevin Meyer (Idaho Department of Fish and Game), Gwynne Chandler (U.S. Forest Service [USFS]), John Chatel (USFS), and Mike Kellett (USFS) for fish distribution data assistance and A. White (USGS) for GIS assistance. This manuscript was greatly improved by suggestions from three anonymous reviewers. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 58 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 40 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PD MAY 1 PY 2013 VL 142 IS 3 BP 793 EP 801 DI 10.1080/00028487.2013.778900 PG 9 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 167OV UT WOS:000320642200019 ER PT J AU Fanali, G Fasano, M Ascenzi, P Zingg, JM Azzi, A AF Fanali, Gabriella Fasano, Mauro Ascenzi, Paolo Zingg, Jean-Marc Azzi, Angelo TI -Tocopherol binding to human serum albumin SO BIOFACTORS LA English DT Article DE human serum albumin; -tocopherol; thermodynamics; FA3-FA4 cleft; binding mode ID VITAMIN-E TRANSPORT; PROTEIN ALPHA-TTP; STRUCTURAL BASIS; FATTY-ACIDS; CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS; ALLOSTERIC MODULATION; PLASMA-LIPOPROTEINS; HEME-BINDING; DRUG; LIGAND AB Given the ability of human serum albumin (HSA) to bind hydrophobic ligands, the binding mode of -tocopherol, the most representative member of the vitamin E family, is reported. alpha-Tocopherol binds to HSA with K-d(0) = = (7.0 +/- 3.0) x 10(-6) M (pH 7.2, 25.0 degrees C). Competitive and allosteric modulation of alpha-tocopherol binding to full-length and truncated (Asp1-Glu382) HSA by endogenous and exogenous ligands suggests that it accommodates preferentially in the FA3-FA4 site. As HSA is taken up into cells, colocalizes with the alpha-tocopherol transfer protein, and contributes to ligand secretion via ABCA1, it might participate in the distribution of -tocopherol between plasma, cells, and tissues. (c) 2013 BioFactors, 2013 C1 [Fanali, Gabriella; Fasano, Mauro] Univ Insubria, Dept Theoret & Appl Sci, Div Biomed Sci, Ctr Neurosci, I-21052 Busto Arsizio, VA, Italy. [Ascenzi, Paolo] Univ Roma Tre, Interdept Lab Electron Microscopy, Rome, Italy. [Ascenzi, Paolo] Natl Inst Biostruct & Biosyst, Rome, Italy. [Zingg, Jean-Marc; Azzi, Angelo] Tufts Univ, Vasc Biol Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Fanali, G (reprint author), Univ Insubria, Dept Theoret & Appl Sci, Via Alberto da Giussano 12, I-21052 Busto Arsizio, Italy. EM gabriella.fanali@uninsubria.it RI Fasano, Mauro/A-7100-2008 OI Fasano, Mauro/0000-0003-0628-5871 FU University Roma Tre (Roma, Italy) [CLAR-2012] FX This work was partially supported by the CLAR-2012 grant from the University Roma Tre (Roma, Italy) to P.A. NR 57 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0951-6433 J9 BIOFACTORS JI Biofactors PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 39 IS 3 BP 294 EP 303 DI 10.1002/biof.1070 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 166JY UT WOS:000320551900006 PM 23355326 ER PT J AU Wu, DY Ren, ZH Pae, M Han, SN Meydani, SN AF Wu, Dayong Ren, Zhihong Pae, Munkyong Han, Sung Nim Meydani, Simin Nikbin TI Diet-induced obesity has a differential effect on adipose tissue and macrophage inflammatory responses of young and old mice SO BIOFACTORS LA English DT Article DE high-fat diet; obesity; aging; inflammation ID AGE-ASSOCIATED INCREASE; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; METABOLIC DISEASE; MURINE MACROPHAGES; OXIDATIVE STRESS; CRUCIAL ROLE; FAT TISSUE; EXPRESSION; INTERLEUKIN-6; LIPOTOXICITY AB Obesity and aging are both associated with increased inflammation in adipose tissue. In this study, we investigated effect of diet-induced obesity on inflammatory status in young and old mice. Young (2 months) and old (19 months) C57BL/6 mice were fed a low-fat (10%, LF) or high-fat (60%, HF) diet for 4.5 months. Adipose tissue from old/LF mice expressed higher levels of IL-1, IL-6, TNF, and cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA compared with young/LF mice. HF diet upregulated expression of all these inflammatory markers in young mice to the levels seen in the aged. Adipocytes, but not stromal vascular cells, from old/LF mice produced more IL-6, TNF, and prostaglandin (PG)E2 than those from young/LF mice. HF diet resulted in an increase of all these markers produced by adipocytes in young, but only TNF in old mice. PGE2 produced by peritoneal macrophages (M phi's) was upregulated with aging, and HF diet induced more IL-6, TNF, and PGE2 production in young but not in old mice. Thus, HF diet/obesity induces an inflammatory state in both visceral fat cells and peritoneal M phi's of young mice, but not so in old mice. Together, these results suggest that HF diet-induced obesity may speed up the aging process as characterized by inflammatory status. This study also indicates that animals have a differential response, depending on their ages, to HF diet-induced obesity and inflammation. This age-related difference in response to HF diet should be considered when using inflammation status as a marker in investigating adverse health impacts of HF diet and obesity. (c) 2013 BioFactors, 2013 C1 [Wu, Dayong; Ren, Zhihong; Pae, Munkyong; Han, Sung Nim; Meydani, Simin Nikbin] Tufts Univ, Nutr Immunol Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Han, Sung Nim] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Food & Nutr, Seoul, South Korea. RP Wu, DY (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Nutr Immunol Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM dayong.wu@tufts.edu FU U.S. Department of Agriculture [58-1950-0-014] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture under agreement #58-1950-0-014. The authors thank Stephanie Marco for her help in the preparation of the manuscript. NR 47 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0951-6433 J9 BIOFACTORS JI Biofactors PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 39 IS 3 BP 326 EP 333 DI 10.1002/biof.1075 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 166JY UT WOS:000320551900009 PM 23345024 ER PT J AU Gardner, NM Sachs, AJ Riley, RT Maddox, JR Gelineau-Van Waes, J AF Gardner, N. M. Sachs, A. J. Riley, R. T. Maddox, J. R. Gelineau-Van Waes, J. TI Increased Nuclear Sphingoid Base-1-Phosphates and HDAC Inhibition after Fumonisin and FTY720-Treatment: The Link between Epigenomic Modifications and Neural Tube Defects? SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gardner, N. M.; Sachs, A. J.; Maddox, J. R.; Gelineau-Van Waes, J.] Creighton Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Riley, R. T.] USDA ARS, Toxicol & Mycotoxin Res Unit, RB Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30613 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 97 IS 5 SI SI BP 304 EP 304 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 171MB UT WOS:000320932100063 ER PT J AU Morvan, D Meradji, S Mell, W AF Morvan, Dominique Meradji, Sofiane Mell, William TI Interaction between head fire and backfire in grasslands SO FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Wildfire behaviour; 3D numerical simulation; Head fire/backfire interaction ID MULTIPHASE FORMULATION; SPREAD; MODEL; PROPAGATION; DYNAMICS; WILDFIRE; BEHAVIOR AB This paper deals with 3D numerical simulations of two fires fronts (head and backfire) propagating simultaneously through a grassland fuel. The simulations were carried out using a "fully" physical and three-dimensional fire model (namely WFDS). One of the objectives of this work, was to evaluate the potential for fully physical fire model to simulate the interactions between two fire fronts (a head fire and a backfire), in conditions similar to those encountered during suppression fire operations. A set of numerical simulations was first carried out for standalone head fires propagating through grasslands on a flat terrain and for various wind conditions ranging between 1 and 10 m/s. These results were compared with experimental data and numerical results from the literature. The same calculations were then repeated, with a backfire ignited at the downwind side of the plot. The numerical results highlighted that, for these particular conditions, head fire and backfire can interact, mainly, via two mechanisms: at relatively large distances (greater than 10 m) the head fire acts on backfire as a screen and reduces the direct action of the wind flow on the backfire, at relative small distances (nearly equal to 10 m) the gas flow (entrainment) generated in the vicinity of the head fire promotes the aspiration of the backfire towards the main fire front. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Morvan, Dominique] Aix Marseille Univ, UNIMECA Technopole Chateau Gombert, Lab UMR CNRS M2P2 6181, F-13453 Marseille 13, France. [Meradji, Sofiane] Univ Sud Toulon Var, Lab IMATH, F-83957 La Garde, France. [Mell, William] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Pacific Wildland Fire Sci Lab, Seatle, WA 98103 USA. RP Morvan, D (reprint author), Aix Marseille Univ, UNIMECA Technopole Chateau Gombert, Lab UMR CNRS M2P2 6181, 60 Rue Joliot Curie, F-13453 Marseille 13, France. EM dominique.morvan@univ-amu.fr FU EU in the frame of the FIREPARADOX programme [FP6-018505] FX This study was supported by the EU in the frame of the FIREPARADOX programme (FP6-018505). NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0379-7112 J9 FIRE SAFETY J JI Fire Saf. J. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 58 BP 195 EP 203 DI 10.1016/j.firesaf.2013.01.027 PG 9 WC Engineering, Civil; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 164QE UT WOS:000320423800021 ER PT J AU Zhou, SY Sheen, S Pang, YH Liu, LS Yam, KL AF Zhou, Siyuan Sheen, Shiowshuh Pang, Yu-Hsin Liu, LinShu Yam, Kit L. TI Antimicrobial Effects of Vapor Phase Thymol, Modified Atmosphere, and Their Combination against Salmonella spp. on Raw Shrimp SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE combinational effects; modified atmosphere packaging; raw shrimp; Salmonella spp.; thymol ID ESSENTIAL OILS; TABLE GRAPES; GROWTH; QUALITY; MICROORGANISMS; SURVIVAL; BACTERIA; EUGENOL; SAFETY AB Salmonella contamination on raw shrimp is a big food safety concern in the United States currently. This research evaluated the inhibition effects of vapor phase thymol, modified atmosphere (MA), and their combination against Salmonella spp. on raw shrimp. Growth profiles of a Salmonella spp. cocktail (6 strains), inoculated onto the surface of raw shrimp, treated with vapor phase thymol at 3 levels (0, 0.8, and 1.6 mg/L), or MA (59.5% CO2 + 39.5% N-2 + 1% O-2), both alone and in combination, at 3 temperatures (8, 12, and 16 degrees C), were determined. Lag time and maximum growth rate of Salmonella spp. under each treatment were obtained using Baranyi and Roberts models. Results indicated that both vapor phase thymol and MA treatments alone inhibited the growth potential of Salmonella spp. effectively, extending the lag time by 10% to 100% and reducing the maximum growth rate by 14% to 71% compared with controlled samples at experimental temperatures (8, 12, and 16 degrees C). Combination treatments of vapor phase thymol and MA exhibited greater inhibition effectiveness than each individual treatment and a synergistic antimicrobial effectiveness could be observed on the lag time extension. To the maximum, at 12 degrees C, lag time of Salmonella spp. was extended 59.6% more by the combination treatment of 0.8 mg/L thymol + MA (36.97 h) than those effects combined from 0.8 mg/L thymol treatment and MA treatment alone (23.16 h in total). This combination strategy could be potentially utilized for Salmonella inhibition during the long distance and temperature-abused raw shrimp import process. C1 [Zhou, Siyuan; Pang, Yu-Hsin; Yam, Kit L.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Food Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. [Sheen, Shiowshuh; Liu, LinShu] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Yam, KL (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Food Sci, 65 Dudley Rd, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. EM yam@aesop.rutgers.edu NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 78 IS 5 BP M725 EP M730 DI 10.1111/1750-3841.12098 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 167EA UT WOS:000320612500013 PM 23574427 ER PT J AU Newman, SM Carroll, MS Jakes, PJ Paveglio, TB AF Newman, Soren M. Carroll, Matthew S. Jakes, Pamela J. Paveglio, Travis B. TI Land Development Patterns and Adaptive Capacity for Wildfire: Three Examples from Florida SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE adaptation; wildfire risk; focus groups; preparedness ID WILDLAND-URBAN INTERFACE; RODEO-CHEDISKI FIRE; COMMUNITY; RISK; LANDSCAPE AB "Fire-adapted" human communities have been promoted as essential for decreasing the costs of wildfire suppression while enhancing the ability of human populations to live with wildfire. We argue that achievement of fire-adapted communities will be improved by understanding how social elements of adaptive capacity for wildfire interact with structural conditions at the local level. Insights from focus groups conducted with local leaders and professionals are used to differentiate between the types/degrees of wildfire adaptation demonstrated in Lee County, Florida. We use structuration theory to explain how different manifestations of community action might be needed for adaptation to wildfire given different structural conditions. Results suggest that structural conditions (development patterns, biophysical conditions, and demographics/socioeconomics) influence adaptive capacity and identify local social characteristics and processes that support adaptation (interactional capacity/horizontal networks, local knowledge/skills, vertical information/resource networks, and organizational capacity): Assessing structural conditions and existing capacities of localities is a first step in fostering local adaptation. C1 [Newman, Soren M.] Washington State Univ, Sch Environm, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Carroll, Matthew S.; Paveglio, Travis B.] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Jakes, Pamela J.] USDA Forest Serv, Washington, DC USA. RP Newman, SM (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Sch Environm, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM sorennewman@gmail.com; carroll@wsu.edu; pjakes@fs.fed.us; travis.paveglio@email.wsu.edu FU Joint Fire Science Program; Northern Research Station of the USDA Forest Service; Rocky Mountain Research Station of the USDA Forest Service; Victor Hill and Michael Weston of the Florida Forest Service FX We gratefully acknowledge the support of the Joint Fire Science Program, the Northern Research Station of the USDA Forest Service and the Rocky Mountain Research Station of the USDA Forest Service as well as Victor Hill and Michael Weston of the Florida Forest Service. NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 11 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 111 IS 3 BP 167 EP 174 DI 10.5849/jof.12-066 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 164LH UT WOS:000320410800003 ER PT J AU Kline, JD Kerns, BK Day, MA Hammer, RB AF Kline, Jeffrey D. Kerns, Becky K. Day, Michelle A. Hammer, Roger B. TI Mapping Multiple Forest Threats in the Northwestern United States SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE forest health; landscape planning and assessment; wildfire; insects and disease; wildland-urban interface ID WILDLAND-URBAN INTERFACE; TREE MORTALITY; FIRE; WILDFIRE; LAND; MANAGEMENT; US AB US forestlands are increasingly subject to disturbances including wildfire, insects and disease, and urban and exurban development. Devising strategies for addressing these "forest threats" depends on anticipating where individual disturbances are most likely and where they might occur in combination. However, many spatial data sets describing forest threats are produced at fine scales but are intended only for coarse-scale planning and policy purposes. We demonstrate one way to combine and display forest threat data at their appropriate spatial scales, using spatial data characterizing wildfire, insects and disease, and urban and exurban development in the northwestern United States. We use a novel 25-km radius neighborhood analysis to highlight locations where threats may be more concentrated relative to others and to identify where multiple threats intersect. Such neighborhood analyses and overlays can help policymakers and managers to anticipate and weigh the implications of potential threats and their intersections in regional- and national-level assessments. C1 [Kline, Jeffrey D.; Kerns, Becky K.; Day, Michelle A.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR USA. [Hammer, Roger B.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Kline, JD (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR USA. EM jkline@fs.fed.us; bkerns@fs.fed.us; maday@fs.fed.us; rhammer@oregonstate.edu FU USDA Forest Service's Western Wildland Environmental Threat Assessment Center, Prineville, OR FX The authors acknowledge funding from the USDA Forest Service's Western Wildland Environmental Threat Assessment Center, Prineville, OR, and thank Jim Menakis and Frank Krist for assistance with data. NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 13 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 111 IS 3 BP 206 EP 213 DI 10.5849/jof.12-099 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 164LH UT WOS:000320410800007 ER PT J AU Fettig, CJ Reid, ML Bentz, BJ Sevanto, S Spittlehouse, DL Wang, TL AF Fettig, Christopher J. Reid, Mary L. Bentz, Barbara J. Sevanto, Sanna Spittlehouse, David L. Wang, Tongli TI Changing Climates, Changing Forests: A Western North American Perspective SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Review DE bioclimatic envelopes; climate change; disturbance ecology; forest ecology; tree physiology ID MOUNTAIN PINE-BEETLE; INDUCED TREE MORTALITY; CHANGE-TYPE DROUGHT; FREEZE-THAW CYCLES; PINYON-JUNIPER WOODLANDS; INDUCED XYLEM CAVITATION; UNITED-STATES; DENDROCTONUS-PONDEROSAE; ASSISTED MIGRATION; RANGE EXPANSION AB The Earth's mean surface air temperature has warmed by similar to 1 degrees C over the last 100 years and is projected to increase at a faster rate in the future, accompanied by changes in precipitation patterns and increases in the occurrence of extreme weather events. In western North America, projected increases in mean annual temperatures range from similar to 1 to 3.5 degrees C by the 2050s, and although projected changes in precipitation patterns are more complex to model, more frequent and severe droughts are expected in many areas. For long-lived tree species, because of their relatively slow rates of migration, climate change will likely result in a mismatch between the climate that trees are currently adapted to and the climate that trees will experience in the future. Individual trees or populations exposed to climate conditions outside their climatic niches may be maladapted, resulting in compromised productivity and increased vulnerability to disturbance, specifically insects and pathogens. In western North America, as elsewhere, several recent assessments have concluded that forests are being affected by climate change and will become increasingly vulnerable to mortality as a result of the direct and indirect effects of climate change. Droughts associated with higher temperatures may accelerate levels of tree mortality, for example, because elevated temperatures increase metabolic rates without increasing photosynthesis rates, thus compromising a tree's ability to create defenses against insects and pathogens. Distributions of the climatic niches of some tree species in western North America are predicted to change by up to 200% during this century based on bioclimate envelope modeling. We discuss the science of climate change, the implications of projected climatic changes to forest ecosystems in western North America, and the essential roles of forest managers, policymakers, and scientists in addressing climate change. C1 [Fettig, Christopher J.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Ecosyst Funct & Hlth Program, Davis, CA USA. [Reid, Mary L.] Univ Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. [Bentz, Barbara J.] USDA Forest Serv, Davis, CA USA. [Sevanto, Sanna] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Wang, Tongli] Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. RP Fettig, CJ (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Ecosyst Funct & Hlth Program, Davis, CA USA. EM cfettig@fs.fed.us; mreid@ucalgary.ca; bbentz@fs.fed.us; sanna@lanl.gov; david.spittlehouse@gov.bc.ca; tlwang@mail.ubc.ca NR 164 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 16 U2 149 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 EI 1938-3746 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 111 IS 3 BP 214 EP 228 DI 10.5849/jof.12-085 PG 15 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 164LH UT WOS:000320410800008 ER PT J AU Hwang, HS Winkler-Moser, JK Bakota, EL Berhow, MA Liu, SX AF Hwang, Hong-Sik Winkler-Moser, Jill K. Bakota, Erica L. Berhow, Mark A. Liu, Sean X. TI Antioxidant Activity of Sesamol in Soybean Oil Under Frying Conditions SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Sesamol; Soybean oil; Frying oil; Antioxidant; Natural antioxidant; TBHQ; Synthetic antioxidant ID FREE-RADICAL SCAVENGERS; POLYMERIZATION; STABILITY; LIGNANS; CELLS; FAT AB Antioxidant activity of sesamol was investigated in soybean oil using a miniaturized frying experiment with potato cubes fried at 180 degrees C. Oxidation of soybean oil was determined by gel permeation chromatography for polymerized triacylglycerols and by H-1-NMR spectroscopy for reactions at reactive sites of soybean oil molecules including olefinic, bisallylic and allylic protons during frying. Sesamol showed lower antioxidant activity than 0.02 % (w/w) tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) at the same molar concentration. Higher concentrations of sesamol provided better antioxidant effects indicating that no pro-oxidant activity occurred. Sesamol in this frying test showed better results than 0.02 % TBHQ when the concentration was as high as 0.66 % by weight. An HPLC experiment showed that the concentration of sesamol decreased sharply during frying. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated that sesamol is highly volatile and easily oxidizes when exposed to air. To overcome this problem, two multiple addition methods were evaluated in which sesamol was added portion by portion every hour. The multiple additions of divided portions of 0.66 % (w/w) sesamol maintained the concentration of sesamol at the minimum of 0.04-0.06 % throughout the frying process and showed improved antioxidant activity compared to one single addition of 0.66 % sesamol at the beginning of frying. One of the multiple addition methods showed 28, 18, 59, and 27 % less polymerized triacylglycerols and losses of olefinic, bisallylic and allylic protons, respectively, than 0.02 % TBHQ after 8-h frying. This study shows that sesamol can be used as an alternative for synthetic antioxidants for frying oil. C1 [Hwang, Hong-Sik; Winkler-Moser, Jill K.; Bakota, Erica L.; Berhow, Mark A.; Liu, Sean X.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Hwang, HS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM hongsik.hwang@ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 18 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0003-021X EI 1558-9331 J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 90 IS 5 BP 659 EP 666 DI 10.1007/s11746-013-2204-5 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 164TZ UT WOS:000320434100006 ER PT J AU Goolsby, J Mendoza, EC Moran, P Adamczyk, J Garcia, MAM Kirk, A AF Goolsby, John Cortes Mendoza, Elena Moran, Patrick Adamczyk, John Marcos Garcia, M. Angeles Kirk, Alan TI Evaluation of Spanish Arundo scale Rhizaspidiotus donacis (Hemiptera; Diaspididae) survival and fecundity on three new world genotypes of Arundo donax (Poaceae; Arundinoideae) SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE plant-insect interaction; biological control of weeds; giant reed ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL AGENT; GIANT REED; ARMORED SCALE AB A pre-release evaluation of survival and fecundity of the arundo scale, Rhizaspidiotus donacis, was conducted on three invasive genotypes of the riparian weed, Arundo donax. The three A. donax genotypes were collected from Laredo, Austin and Balmorhea, TX, which represented the majority of the genotypic diversity found in Texas watersheds. Although R. donacis developed on all three genotypes of the plant, the Austin A. donax genotype, followed by the Laredo genotype, were the most suitable in terms of the size of first-generation immature and adult scale populations that developed after crawler release. Both the Laredo and Austin genotypes of A. donax are likely to be of Spanish origin and are close genetic matches with scale's original host plant genotype in Alicante, Spain. In comparison, survival was lowest on the phylogenetically distant genotype of A. donax from Balmorhea, TX. Although the population size of settled, immature second-generation scales varied in a manner similar to that of the first generation, the fecundity of isolated first-generation females was not significantly different across the three plant genotypes, suggesting that R. donacis is not a genotype specialist in terms of nutrient assimilation for reproduction. Rather, differences in genotype suitability affect rates of success of crawler settling. These results indicate that selection of scale genotype from the native range may have a moderate influence on the success of R. donacis and ultimately the biological control programme. C1 [Goolsby, John] ARS, USDA, Cattle Fever Tick Res Lab, Edinburg, TX 78541 USA. [Cortes Mendoza, Elena; Marcos Garcia, M. Angeles] Univ Alicante, Inst Biodiversidad CIBIO, E-03080 Alicante, Spain. [Moran, Patrick] ARS, USDA, Exot & Invas Weed Res Unit, Albany, CA USA. [Adamczyk, John] ARS, USDA, Poplarville, MS USA. [Kirk, Alan] ARS, USDA, European Biol Control Lab, Paris, France. RP Goolsby, J (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Cattle Fever Tick Res Lab, Edinburg, TX 78541 USA. EM john.goolsby@ars.usda.gov RI Marcos Garcia, Maria Angeles/H-7925-2015 OI Marcos Garcia, Maria Angeles/0000-0002-2439-2630 NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 11 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PD MAY 1 PY 2013 VL 23 IS 5 BP 499 EP 506 DI 10.1080/09583157.2013.772562 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 159XF UT WOS:000320079900002 ER PT J AU Pratt, PD Madeira, PT Arakelian, G Purcell, M Rayamajhi, MB Center, TD AF Pratt, Paul D. Madeira, Paul T. Arakelian, Gevork Purcell, Matthew Rayamajhi, Min B. Center, Ted D. TI Can genomics clarify the origins of Boreioglycaspis melaleucae in California, USA? SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Melaleuca quinquenervia; psyllid; pseudogene; numt; unintended spread; haplotype ID QUINQUENERVIA CAV. BLAKE,S.T.; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL AGENT; MOORE HEMIPTERA; HOST-RANGE; BIOCONTROL; PSYLLIDAE; MYRTACEAE; FLORIDA AB The Australian psyllid Boreioglycaspis melaleucae is a biological control agent of Melaleuca quinquenervia in Florida (USA) but was observed attacking M. quinquenervia trees in southern California (USA). Genotyping revealed the California population matched three of eight Australian haplotypes and all three Florida haplotypes. It remains unclear if the California psyllid population arrived directly from Australia or via Florida. C1 [Pratt, Paul D.; Madeira, Paul T.; Rayamajhi, Min B.; Center, Ted D.] ARS, USDA, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. [Arakelian, Gevork] Dept Agr Commissioner Weights & Measures, South Gate, CA USA. [Purcell, Matthew] CSIRO Ecosyst Sci, USDA, ARS, Australian Biol Control Lab, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. RP Pratt, PD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. EM Paul.Pratt@ars.usda.gov RI Purcell, Matthew/C-2098-2008 NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 11 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PD MAY 1 PY 2013 VL 23 IS 5 BP 602 EP 606 DI 10.1080/09583157.2013.791669 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 159XF UT WOS:000320079900011 ER PT J AU Conrad, JL Bolding, MC Aust, WM Smith, RL Horcher, A AF Conrad, Joseph L. Bolding, M. Chad Aust, W. Michael Smith, Robert L. Horcher, Andy TI Harvesting productivity and costs when utilizing energywood from pine plantations of the southern Coastal Plain USA SO BIOMASS & BIOENERGY LA English DT Article DE Forestry; Logging; Biomass harvesting; Energy chips; Forest operations ID SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; FOREST BIOMASS; BIOENERGY PRODUCTION; OPERATION; CHIPPER; SYSTEM AB For woody biomass to make a significant contribution to the United States' energy portfolio, harvesting contractors must economically harvest and transport energywood to conversion/processing facilities. We conducted a designed operational study in the Coastal Plain of North Carolina, USA with three replications of three treatments to measure harvesting productivity and costs when utilizing woody biomass. The treatments were: a conventional roundwood only harvest (control), an integrated harvest in which merchantable roundwood was delivered to mills and residuals were chipped for energy, and a chip harvest in which all stems were chipped for energy use. The harvesting contractor in this study typically delivers 2200-2700 t of green roundwood per week and is capable of wet-site harvesting. Results indicate that onboard truck green roundwood costs increased from 9.35 $ t(-1) in the conventional treatment to 10.98 $ t(-1) in the integrated treatment as a result of reduced felling and skidding productivity. Green energy chips were produced for 19.19 $ t(-1) onboard truck in the integrated treatment and 17.93 $ t(-1) in the chip treatment. Low skidding productivity contributed to high chip costs in the integrated treatment. Residual green biomass was reduced from 18 t ha(-1) in the conventional treatment to 4 and 3 t ha(-1) in the integrated and chip treatments, respectively. This study suggests that until energywood prices appreciate substantially, loggers are unlikely to sacrifice roundwood production to increase energywood production. This research provides unique information from a designed experiment documenting how producing energywood affects each function of a harvesting system. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Conrad, Joseph L.] Univ Wisconsin, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA. [Bolding, M. Chad; Aust, W. Michael] Virginia Tech, Dept Forest Resources & Environm Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Smith, Robert L.] Virginia Tech, Coll Nat Resources & Environm, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Horcher, Andy] USDA, Forest Serv Savannah River, New Ellenton, SC 29809 USA. RP Bolding, MC (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Forest Resources & Environm Conservat, 228 Cheatham Hall,Mail Code 0324, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM jconrad@uwsp.edu; bolding@vt.edu; waust@vt.edu; rsmith4@vt.edu; ahorcher@fs.fed.us FU Virginia Tech Forest Operations and Business Research Cooperative FX The authors gratefully acknowledge Forest Investment Associates for their collaboration and cooperation that made this study possible. The study was partially funded by the Virginia Tech Forest Operations and Business Research Cooperative. The authors also acknowledge CTW Forest Products for their cooperation during harvesting operations. The use of brand or model names is for reader convenience only and does not constitute an endorsement by the authors, Forest Investment Associates, or Virginia Tech. NR 49 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0961-9534 J9 BIOMASS BIOENERG JI Biomass Bioenerg. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 52 BP 85 EP 95 DI 10.1016/j.biombioe.2013.02.038 PG 11 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 154BB UT WOS:000319645400008 ER PT J AU Lenssen, AW Sainju, UM Hatfield, PG AF Lenssen, Andrew W. Sainju, Upendra M. Hatfield, Patrick G. TI Integrating sheep grazing into wheat-fallow systems: Crop yield and soil properties SO FIELD CROPS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Cropping systems; Semiarid; Northern Great Plains; Tilled summer fallow; Chemical fallow; Grazed summer fallow; Spring wheat; Winter wheat; Sheep; Integrated livestock and grain farming systems ID FORAGE NUTRITIVE-VALUE; LONG-TERM TILLAGE; INCORPORATING SHEEP; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; NO-TILLAGE; CORN YIELD; WATER-USE; IMPACT; GRAIN; NITROGEN AB The two predominant systems for weed management in summer fallow are tillage with a field cultivator or multiple applications of broad spectrum herbicides with zero tillage. Both systems are based on substantial use of off farm resources. Our objective was to determine if strategic grazing of sheep may allow grain growers to more sustainably manage crop residues, volunteer crop, and other weeds during fallow periods. We conducted a study near Bozeman, Montana, USA, comparing three fallow weed management systems in two crop rotations from 2005 to 2008. Fallow weed management systems were conventional tillage, chemical-fallow (herbicide application), and sheep grazing. The crop rotations were summer fallow spring wheat and summer fallow winter wheat. In late fall, chemical-fallow treatment had greater residue cover and soil water content than did tilled- or grazed-fallow. At 0-15-cm depth, soil had lower bulk density in chemical- and tilled-fallow than in grazed fallow. Similarly, soil NO3-N, Ca, SO4-S concentrations and EC were lower following grazed-fallow than tilled-fallow, but Na concentration was higher following grazed-fallow than tilled- or chemical-fallow. Following spring and winter wheat, soil properties were not influenced by treatments. Grain yield was greater in winter wheat than in spring wheat but the trend reversed in protein concentration. Although soil properties varied among treatments, fallow management system had little influence on yield or quality of spring and winter wheat. Sheep grazing during fallow periods had limited impact on subsequent wheat yield and quality, and is a suitable practice for weed and residue management in wheat fallow systems. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Lenssen, Andrew W.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Sainju, Upendra M.] ARS, USDA, Northern Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. [Hatfield, Patrick G.] Montana State Univ, Dept Anim & Range Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. RP Lenssen, AW (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, 2104 Agron Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM alenssen@iastate.edu FU State of Iowa fund [IOW05146]; Hatch Act fund; USDA; CSREES Pest Management Alternatives Program; 4-State Ruminant Consortium programs; Montana Agricultural Experiment Station FX Journal paper of the Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station, Ames, Iowa; project number IOW05146, supported by the Hatch Act and State of Iowa funds. The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support for this project from USDA, CSREES Pest Management Alternatives Program, 4-State Ruminant Consortium programs, and the Montana Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 64 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4290 J9 FIELD CROP RES JI Field Crop. Res. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 146 BP 75 EP 85 DI 10.1016/j.fcr.2013.03.010 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 151TR UT WOS:000319483600010 ER PT J AU Frantz, JM AF Frantz, Jonathan M. TI Uptake Efficiency of Phosphorus in Different Light Environments by Zinnia (Zinnia elegans) and Vinca (Catharanthus roseus) SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE nutrient use efficiency; water use efficiency; shade; greenhouse crop production; floriculture ID CARBON USE EFFICIENCY; WATER-USE EFFICIENCY; GREENHOUSE TOMATO; PLANT; GROWTH; SHADE; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; TEMPERATURE; MORPHOLOGY; PETUNIA AB Two warm-season bedding plant species, zinnia (Zinnia elegans) and vinca (Catharanthus roseus), were used to determine if phosphorus (P) supply should be adjusted with light supply, and if deficiency and/or oversupply symptoms were apparent at different P rates when growth rates were altered by light levels. An additional goal was to determine the influence of P and light on overall P uptake efficiencies and water use efficiencies. Plants were grown in a greenhouse with or without shade over portions of the bench and supplied 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, or 4 mm P along with complete nutrient solution as needed with no leaching fraction. Optimum plant growth and flower development rate occurred at a P supply of 0.5 mm regardless of the light supply. Plant growth was greatly reduced by P supply below 0.5 mm regardless of shade conditions. Tissue P concentration was not influenced by light, but overall P content (mg P per plant) was higher when plants were grown without shading as a result of larger plants in higher light environments. The appearance or severity of deficiency symptoms also was not influenced by light. Water use efficiency was maximized when growth was not limited by P supply (at or above 0.5 mm). One hundred percent recovery of applied P was obtained at the 0.5 mm P supply in vinca, whereas recovery was less at the same P supply in zinnia. These results indicate no benefit for plant growth and flowering to P supply above 0.5 mm and illustrate how P content is demand-driven. However, there was no induction or delay of nutrient stress symptoms as a result of different plant growth rates in the different light differences environments. C1 [Frantz, Jonathan M.] USDA ARS, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. RP Frantz, JM (reprint author), DuPont Pioneer, 7305 NW 62nd Ave,POB 287, Johnston, IA 50131 USA. EM jonathanfrantz319@gmail.com NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 16 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD MAY PY 2013 VL 48 IS 5 BP 594 EP 600 PG 7 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 156BO UT WOS:000319795600012 ER PT J AU Carey, DW Mason, ME Bloese, P Koch, JL AF Carey, David W. Mason, Mary E. Bloese, Paul Koch, Jennifer L. TI Hot Callusing for Propagation of American Beech by Grafting SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Fagus grandifolia; Cryptococcus fagisuga; Neonectria spp. ID FAGUS-GRANDIFOLIA; RESISTANCE AB To increase grafting success rate, a hot callus grafting system was designed and implemented as part of a multiagency collaborative project to manage beech bark disease (BBD) through the establishment of regional BBD-resistant grafted seed orchards. Five years of data from over 2000 hot callus graft attempts were analyzed using a logistic regression model to determine which factors were important in graft success. Variables having the largest influence included scion genotype, technical problems, health issues (such as chlorosis or dwarfing), and contamination. Very few genotypes had significantly lower success compared with the average genotype, indicating that this method should be widely applicable. Comparison of the hot callus method with traditional grafting demonstrated that the odds of success using the hot callus method were 17 times greater than traditional grafting methods. Hot callus grafting is an efficient method for propagating American beech selections resistant to BBD for the establishment of seed orchards and superior clones with value as ornamentals. C1 [Carey, David W.; Koch, Jennifer L.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. [Mason, Mary E.] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Entomol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Bloese, Paul] Michigan State Univ, Dept Forestry, Tree Res Ctr, Lansing, MI 48910 USA. RP Koch, JL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, 359 Main Rd, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. EM jkoch@fs.fed.us NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD MAY PY 2013 VL 48 IS 5 BP 620 EP 624 PG 5 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 156BO UT WOS:000319795600016 ER PT J AU Pearson, CH Rath, DJ Cornish, K AF Pearson, C. H. Rath, D. J. Cornish, K. TI How pressure and filter material affect extraction of sunflower latex rubber SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Latex determination; Homogenate; Natural rubber; Latex rubber; Hydraulic press ID NATURAL-RUBBER AB Extraction and quantification of latex rubber in plant species requires the filtering of latex homogenate, often by applying pressure to the homogenate to separate fluids (latex) from plant matter (bagasse). The filter material used for filtering homogenate has varied. The objective of this study was to evaluate how sunflower homogenate is affected by filter material (cheesecloth, tight weave polypropylene fabric, and Dacron (R) loose weave material) and hydraulic pressures during the filtering and pressing phase of latex extraction and quantification. Also, we desired to know how pressing procedures (filter material and pressing pressure) affect the quantification of extractables (resin and rubber) in sunflower leaf tissue. Leaves were harvested from field-grown sunflowers during three growing seasons at the R-6 stage of maturity at the Western Colorado Research Center at Fruita, Colorado. Highest press efficiencies were obtained with cheesecloth. Polypropylene fabric and Dacron (R) materials had significantly lower press efficiencies than cheesecloth, but in reality those efficiencies were only approximately 1% point lower than cheesecloth. Thus, it may be possible to use other materials for pressing without a major loss in performance. Pressure had little effect on the parameters studied. Six pressures ranged from 3.4 to 17.2 MPa and did not affect press efficiency, dry matter in the homogenate, or the acetone, methanol, or cyclohexane extractables. Filter material and pressing pressure did not affect acetone, methanol, or cyclohexane extractables. These results indicate that researchers can obtain reliable results over a wide range of pressures when using cheesecloth and possibly other filter materials. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Pearson, C. H.; Rath, D. J.] Colorado State Univ, Agr Expt Stn, Western Colorado Res Ctr, Fruita, CO 81521 USA. [Cornish, K.] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Pearson, CH (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Agr Expt Stn, Western Colorado Res Ctr, 1910 L Rd, Fruita, CO 81521 USA. EM calvin.pearson@colostate.edu RI Cornish, Katrina/A-9773-2013 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 47 BP 102 EP 105 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2013.02.032 PG 4 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 157JI UT WOS:000319892000014 ER PT J AU Ulyshen, MD AF Ulyshen, Michael D. TI Strengthening the case for saproxylic arthropod conservation: a call for ecosystem services research SO INSECT CONSERVATION AND DIVERSITY LA English DT Article DE Coarse woody debris; decomposition; forests; insects; value ID GROWTH BOREAL FORESTS; PENINSULAR MALAYSIA; BEETLES COLEOPTERA; TERMITE EXCLUSION; SOUTHERN FINLAND; NORWAY SPRUCE; MANAGEMENT; WOOD; DECOMPOSITION; PRODUCTIVITY AB While research on the ecosystem services provided by biodiversity is becoming widely embraced as an important tool in conservation, the services provided by saproxylic arthropods an especially diverse and threatened assemblage dependent on dead or dying wood remain unmeasured. A conceptual model depicting the reciprocal relationships between dead wood and saproxylic arthropod biodiversity, wildfires, climate change, forest productivity and pest outbreaks is presented. This model suggests that the ecological influence of saproxylic arthropods may extend far beyond their effects on wood decay. Several predictions arising from this view are briefly summarised with the hope of stimulating research that may ultimately help strengthen the argument for saproxylic arthropod conservation. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. RP Ulyshen, MD (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, 201 Lincoln Green, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. EM mulyshen@fs.fed.us NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 52 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1752-458X EI 1752-4598 J9 INSECT CONSERV DIVER JI Insect. Conserv. Divers. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 6 IS 3 BP 393 EP 395 DI 10.1111/j.1752-4598.2012.00220.x PG 3 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Entomology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Entomology GA 150QR UT WOS:000319406400019 ER PT J AU Miller, GL Carmichael, A Favret, C Scheffer, SJ AF Miller, Gary L. Carmichael, Andrew Favret, Colin Scheffer, Sonja J. TI Room temperature DNA storage with slide-mounted aphid specimens SO INSECT CONSERVATION AND DIVERSITY LA English DT Article DE Barcode; COI; COII; DNA storage; filter paper; Sternorrhyncha ID MUSEUM COLLECTIONS; HEMIPTERA; SEQUENCES; MITOCHONDRIAL; EXTRACTION; EVOLUTION; INSECTA; PHYLOGENETICS; LEPIDOPTERA; BARCODES AB . 1.cope slide-mounted insect specimens present special problems for DNA extraction due to chemical clearing techniques and subsequent specimen preservation. 2.Filter paper is routinely used for DNA storage in other biological disciplines (e.g. medicine), but is not widely used in entomology. 3.A system for room temperature storage of DNA with microscope slide-mounted voucher material uses filter paper in conjunction with the cleared voucher specimen. 4.The viability of filter paper for DNA storage is demonstrated through various time intervals. Either a solution of the cell lysis buffer or purified DNA can be stored on filter paper. Both COI and COII were sequenced from filter paper; EF-1 was attempted, but results were partially successful. 5.The filter paper system allows for DNA storage directly with the curated specimen, thus facilitating its accessibility. 6.The storage of DNA on filter paper with specimens in museum collections could reduce the need or cost for cryopreservation equipment. 7.DNA on filter paper facilitates international and local transport of DNA research material for subsequent study. C1 [Miller, Gary L.; Carmichael, Andrew; Favret, Colin; Scheffer, Sonja J.] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Miller, GL (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Bldg 005,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM gary.miller@ars.usda.gov RI Favret, Colin/F-7726-2012 OI Favret, Colin/0000-0001-6243-3184 NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1752-458X EI 1752-4598 J9 INSECT CONSERV DIVER JI Insect. Conserv. Divers. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 6 IS 3 BP 447 EP 451 DI 10.1111/j.1752-4598.2012.00207.x PG 5 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Entomology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Entomology GA 150QR UT WOS:000319406400024 ER PT J AU Gehring, A Barnett, C Chu, T DebRoy, C D'Souza, D Eaker, S Fratamico, P Gillespie, B Hegde, N Jones, K Lin, J Oliver, S Paoli, G Perera, A Uknalis, J AF Gehring, Andrew Barnett, Charles Chu, Ted DebRoy, Chitrita D'Souza, Doris Eaker, Shannon Fratamico, Pina Gillespie, Barbara Hegde, Narasimha Jones, Kevin Lin, Jun Oliver, Stephen Paoli, George Perera, Ashan Uknalis, Joseph TI A High-Throughput Antibody-Based Microarray Typing Platform SO SENSORS LA English DT Article DE antibody; microarray; bacteria; fluorescence; microtiter plate; typing ID PATHOGEN DETECTION; BIOSENSORS AB Many rapid methods have been developed for screening foods for the presence of pathogenic microorganisms. Rapid methods that have the additional ability to identify microorganisms via multiplexed immunological recognition have the potential for classification or typing of microbial contaminants thus facilitating epidemiological investigations that aim to identify outbreaks and trace back the contamination to its source. This manuscript introduces a novel, high throughput typing platform that employs microarrayed multiwell plate substrates and laser-induced fluorescence of the nucleic acid intercalating dye/stain SYBR Gold for detection of antibody-captured bacteria. The aim of this study was to use this platform for comparison of different sets of antibodies raised against the same pathogens as well as demonstrate its potential effectiveness for serotyping. To that end, two sets of antibodies raised against each of the "Big Six" non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) as well as E. coli O157:H7 were array-printed into microtiter plates, and serial dilutions of the bacteria were added and subsequently detected. Though antibody specificity was not sufficient for the development of an STEC serotyping method, the STEC antibody sets performed reasonably well exhibiting that specificity increased at lower capture antibody concentrations or, conversely, at lower bacterial target concentrations. The favorable results indicated that with sufficiently selective and ideally concentrated sets of biorecognition elements (e.g., antibodies or aptamers), this high-throughput platform can be used to rapidly type microbial isolates derived from food samples within ca. 80 min of total assay time. It can also potentially be used to detect the pathogens from food enrichments and at least serve as a platform for testing antibodies. C1 [Gehring, Andrew; Chu, Ted; Fratamico, Pina; Paoli, George; Uknalis, Joseph] ARS, Mol Characterizat Foodborne Pathogens Res Unit, USDA, North Atlantic Area,Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Barnett, Charles; Eaker, Shannon; Jones, Kevin; Perera, Ashan] NanoDetect Technol Inc, Franklin, OH 45005 USA. [DebRoy, Chitrita; Hegde, Narasimha] Penn State Univ, Dept Vet & Biomed Sci, E Coli Reference Ctr, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [D'Souza, Doris] Univ Tennessee, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Knoxville, TN 37916 USA. [Gillespie, Barbara; Lin, Jun; Oliver, Stephen] Univ Tennessee, Dept Anim Sci, Knoxville, TN 37916 USA. RP Gehring, A (reprint author), ARS, Mol Characterizat Foodborne Pathogens Res Unit, USDA, North Atlantic Area,Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM andrew.gehring@ars.usda.gov; Charlie@ndtbio.com; ted.chu@ars.usda.gov; rcd3@psu.edu; ddsouza@utk.edu; shannoneaker@yahoo.com; pina.fratamico@ars.usda.gov; bgillesp@utk.edu; nvh1@psu.edu; drkevinjones@comcast.net; jlin6@utk.edu; soliver@utk.edu; george.paoli@ars.usda.gov; bobperera@gmail.com; joseph.uknalis@ars.usda.gov FU USDA Agricultural Research Service FX This work was partially funded through an agreement with the USDA Agricultural Research Service established by the Biotechnology Research and Development Consortium (Franklin, OH, USA). We gratefully thank Marjorie Medina from the Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, for transferring purified PSU antibodies. Mention of brand or firm names does not constitute an endorsement by the USDA over others of a similar nature not mentioned. The USDA is an equal opportunity employer. NR 15 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 24 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1424-8220 J9 SENSORS-BASEL JI Sensors PD MAY PY 2013 VL 13 IS 5 BP 5737 EP 5748 DI 10.3390/s130505737 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 151FH UT WOS:000319445600020 PM 23645110 ER PT J AU Ketterer, T West, DW Sanders, VP Hossain, J Kondo, MA Sharif, I AF Ketterer, Tara West, David W. Sanders, Victoria P. Hossain, Jobayer Kondo, Michelle A. Sharif, Iman TI Correlates of Patient Portal Enrollment and Activation in Primary Care Pediatrics SO ACADEMIC PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE digital divide; disparities; electronic health records; Medicaid; patient portal ID HEALTH INFORMATION; DIGITAL DIVIDE; INTERNET USE; DISPARITIES; PREFERENCES; SERVICES; CHILDREN; PARENTS AB OBJECTIVE: To identify the demographic, practice site, and clinical predictors of patient portal enrollment and activation among a pediatric primary care population. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the primary care database of an academic children's hospital that introduced a patient portal in December 2007. RESULTS: We analyzed data for 84,015 children. Over a 4-year period, 38% enrolled in the portal; of these, 26% activated the account. The adjusted odds of portal enrollment was lower for adolescents, Medicaid recipients, low-income families, Asian or other race, and Hispanic ethnicity, and higher for patients with more office encounters, and presence of autism on the problem list. Once enrolled, the odds of portal activation [adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval)] was decreased for: Medicaid [0.55 (0.50-0.61)1 and uninsured [0.79 (0.64-0.97)] (vs private insurance), black [0.53 (0.49-0.57)] and other [0.80 (0.71-0.91)] (vs white race), Hispanic ethnicity [0.77 (0.62-0.97)], and increased for: infant age [1.26 (1.15-1.37)] (vs school age), attendance at a resident continuity practice site [1.91 (1.23-2.97)], living further away from the practice (vs under 2 miles)[4.5-8.8 miles: 1.14 (1.02-1.29); more than 8.8 miles: 1.19 (1.07-1.33)], having more office encounters (vs 1-3) [4-7 encounters: 1.40 (1.24-1.59); 8-12 encounters: 1.58 (1.38-1.81); 13+ encounters: 2.09 (1.72-2.55)], and having 3 or more items on the problem list (vs 0) [1.19 (1.07-1.33)]. CONCLUSIONS: Sociodemographic disparities exist in patient portal enrollment/activation in primary care pediatrics. Attendance at a resident continuity practice site, living farther away from the practice, having more office encounters, and having more problem list items increased the odds of portal activation. C1 [Ketterer, Tara; Hossain, Jobayer] Nemours Biomed Res, Wilmington, DE USA. [West, David W.] Nemours Hlth Informat, Wilmington, DE USA. [Sanders, Victoria P.] Nemours Childrens Clin Orlando, NHI Business & Ancillary Support, Orlando, FL USA. [Kondo, Michelle A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Philadelphia Field Stn, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Kondo, Michelle A.] Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Sharif, Iman] Alfred I DuPont Hosp Children, Dept Gen Pediat, Wilmington, DE 19803 USA. [Sharif, Iman] Thomas Jefferson Univ, Jefferson Med Coll, Dept Pediat, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. RP Sharif, I (reprint author), Alfred I DuPont Hosp Children, Div Gen Pediat, 1600 Rockland Rd, Wilmington, DE 19803 USA. EM isharif@nemours.org OI Kondo, Michelle/0000-0001-9152-1589 NR 23 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1876-2859 J9 ACAD PEDIATR JI Acad. Pediatr. PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 13 IS 3 BP 264 EP 271 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 148MW UT WOS:000319249700013 PM 23680344 ER PT J AU Shwiff, S Hampson, K Anderson, A AF Shwiff, Stephanie Hampson, Katie Anderson, Aaron TI Potential economic benefits of eliminating canine rabies SO ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE Rabies; Canine rabies; Postexposure prophylaxis; Zoonosis; Economic analysis ID STATISTICAL LIFE; UNITED-STATES; VACCINATION; DOGS AB Although canine rabies has been eliminated from industrialized countries, infected dogs remain the primary source of human and livestock exposures in Asia, Africa and much of South America. Human deaths are the most important direct economic impact of canine rabies, followed by livestock losses and the cost of PEP, while expenses associated with dog vaccination and control are major indirect impacts. The global burden of rabies disproportionately affects Asia, which experiences more than half of human rabies deaths and approximately 65% of livestock losses, and performs more than 90% of postexposure prophylaxis (PEP). Africa is second to Asia in terms of human deaths and livestock losses, but administers the least number of PEPs of the three regions. Recent experience in Latin America shows that efforts to reduce human deaths from rabies through expanded dog vaccination and improved access to PEP result in significant monetary savings. The elimination of canine rabies would lead to major economic benefits in developing countries that are often the least capable of dealing with the disease. This article forms part of a symposium in Antiviral Research on the elimination of canine rabies. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Shwiff, Stephanie; Anderson, Aaron] USDA APHIS WS Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Hampson, Katie] Univ Glasgow, Boyd Orr Ctr Populat & Ecosyst Hlth, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. RP Shwiff, S (reprint author), USDA APHIS WS Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM Stephanie.A.Shwiff@aphis.usda.gov OI Hampson, Katie/0000-0001-5392-6884 FU Medical Research Council [G0901135] NR 23 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-3542 J9 ANTIVIR RES JI Antiviral Res. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 98 IS 2 BP 352 EP 356 DI 10.1016/j.antiviral.2013.03.004 PG 5 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA 154YF UT WOS:000319711900026 PM 23499650 ER PT J AU Fischer, JW Walter, WD Avery, ML AF Fischer, Justin W. Walter, W. David Avery, Michael L. TI BROWNIAN BRIDGE MOVEMENT MODELS TO CHARACTERIZE BIRDS' HOME RANGES SO CONDOR LA English DT Article DE BBMM; global positioning system; GPS; home range; kernel-density estimator; satellite tracking; vultures ID SQUARES CROSS-VALIDATION; WHITE-TAILED DEER; TURKEY VULTURES; UTILIZATION DISTRIBUTIONS; PANDION-HALIAETUS; HABITAT SELECTION; 1ST-PASSAGE TIME; MIGRATION ROUTES; KERNEL METHODS; ESTIMATORS AB A Brownian bridge movement model (BBMM) is a relatively new concept that estimates the path of an animal's movement probabilistically from data recorded at brief intervals. A BBMM assumes that locations are not independent, whereas the "classical" kernel-density estimator (KDE) assumes they are. We estimated BBMM home ranges for 11 Black Vultures (Coragyps atratus) and 7 Turkey Vultures (Cathartes aura) equipped with satellite transmitters near Marine Corps Air Station Beaufort, South Carolina, from October 2006 to November 2008. The 95% BBMM home ranges (95% BBMM) of the two Black Vultures that traveled >100 km from the capture site were 833 and 2111 km(2); of the nine that did not travel as far, 95% BBMM ranged from 33 to 778 km(2) and averaged (SE) 243 76 km(2). The majority of Turkey Vultures (n = 6) traveled >100 km from the capture site with 95% BBMM ranging from 923 to 7058 km(2) and averaging 3173 +/- 1109 km(2). We also estimated KDE home ranges, using newer satellite technology for comparison with previous studies. Overall 95% KDE ranged from 17 to 16066 km(2) for the Black Vulture and 988 to 36257 km(2) for the Turkey Vulture. The concept of an animal's home range has evolved overtime, as have home-range estimators. With increasing use of satellite telemetry, application of BBMM can greatly enhance our understanding of home ranges, migration routes, seasonal movements, and habitat-use patterns of wild birds over large and often remote areas. C1 [Fischer, Justin W.; Walter, W. David] USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Avery, Michael L.] USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32641 USA. RP Fischer, JW (reprint author), USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM Justin.w.fischer@aphis.usda.gov FU U. S. Navy, Southern Division, Naval Facilities Engineering Command; National Wildlife Research Center FX Funding was provided by the U. S. Navy, Southern Division, Naval Facilities Engineering Command, and the National Wildlife Research Center. We appreciate the field assistance provided by J. S. Humphrey, T. S. Daughtery, M. P. Milleson, E. A. Tillman, and W. E. Bruce. We thank Ryan Neilson for assistance with the R software BBMM package. Care and use of all vultures associated with this study were approved by the National Wildlife Research Center's Animal Care and Use Committee (protocol QA-1394). NR 50 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 78 PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0010-5422 J9 CONDOR JI Condor PD MAY PY 2013 VL 115 IS 2 BP 298 EP 305 DI 10.1525/cond.2013.110168 PG 8 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA 151SU UT WOS:000319481300010 ER PT J AU Jansky, SH Dempewolf, H Camadro, EL Simon, R Zimnoch-Guzowska, E Bisognin, DA Bonierbale, M AF Jansky, S. H. Dempewolf, H. Camadro, E. L. Simon, R. Zimnoch-Guzowska, E. Bisognin, D. A. Bonierbale, M. TI A Case for Crop Wild Relative Preservation and Use in Potato SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID BIOGEOGRAPHIC PREDICTIVITY RESISTANCE; POLLEN-PISTIL INCOMPATIBILITY; CULTIVATED POTATO; TAXONOMIC PREDICTIVITY; SEXUAL POLYPLOIDIZATION; SOLANUM-TUBEROSUM; HOMOLOGOUS SERIES; EARLY BLIGHT; GENE BANKS; VIRUS-Y AB Crop wild relatives (CWR) offer a critical resource to address food security needs by providing genetic diversity for crop improvement, leading to increased plasticity and productivity of farming systems. However, plant breeders typically have not developed systematic or comprehensive strategies for the characterization and use of CWR for cultivar improvement. Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) provides an excellent case study for the use of CWR germplasm in addressing global food security needs. International cooperation and collaboration are critical to collect, characterize, and use CWR in anticipation of future production needs. Both ex situ and in situ preservation of wild potato species are essential to assure a comprehensive conservation plan. Top priorities include a coordinated inventory of gene bank holdings followed by re-collection of CWR and new collection where gaps exist. Access to CWR genetic diversity will continue to be critical as breeders face the challenge of developing cultivars that fit into new production systems, especially in response to climate change. With the advent of the genomics era, new visions of germplasm use strategies are emerging. In addition to filling gaps in collections, it will be important to expand efforts to characterize and use potato CWR. A systematic and integrated strategy is needed to evaluate CWR in gene banks for traits to continue breeding progress. C1 [Jansky, S. H.] Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, Dep Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Dempewolf, H.] Global Crop Divers Trust, I-00153 Rome, Italy. [Camadro, E. L.] Univ Nacl Mar del Plata, Inst Nacl Tecnol Agr, RA-7620 Balcarce, Argentina. [Camadro, E. L.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, RA-7620 Balcarce, Argentina. [Simon, R.; Bonierbale, M.] Int Potato Ctr, Lima 12, Peru. [Zimnoch-Guzowska, E.] Mlochow Res Ctr, Natl Res Inst, Plant Breeding & Acclimatizat Inst, PL-05831 Mlochow, Poland. [Bisognin, D. A.] Univ Fed Santa Maria, Dep Plant Sci, BR-97105900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. RP Jansky, SH (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, Dep Hort, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM shelley.jansky@ars.usda.gov OI Simon, Reinhard/0000-0002-4608-9077 FU government of Norway FX The Global Crop Diversity Trust is gratefully acknowledged for convening the potato crop wild relative expert workshop through the initiative "Adapting agriculture to climate change: a global initiative to collect, conserve, and use crop wild relatives," which is funded by the government of Norway. Stef de Haan, Henry Juarez, Benny Ordonez, Alberto Salas, and Janny van Beem from the International Potato Center reviewed this manuscript and provided valuable input. The contributions of the following workshop participants is also acknowledged: Walter Amoros, Mathews Andrew, Arturo Brenes, Paolo Donini, Tatjana Gavrilenko, Wolfgang Grunenberg, Kazuyoshi Hosaka, Andrew Jarvis, Sandra Knapp, Hannele Lindqvist-Kreuze, Elisa Mihovilovich, Philippe Monneveux, Flor Rodriguez, Manuel Ruiz, Tiina Sarkinnen, Rena Sanetomo, Maria Scurrah, Craig Yencho, and Maria Zaharieva. NR 90 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 37 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 53 IS 3 BP 746 EP 754 DI 10.2135/cropsci2012.11.0627 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 152JD UT WOS:000319527000002 ER PT J AU Bernardo, AN Bowden, RL Rouse, MN Newcomb, MS Marshall, DS Bai, GH AF Bernardo, Amy N. Bowden, Robert L. Rouse, Matthew N. Newcomb, Maria S. Marshall, David S. Bai, Guihua TI Validation of Molecular Markers for New Stem Rust Resistance Genes in US Hard Winter Wheat SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID F-SP TRITICI; HEAD BLIGHT RESISTANCE; PUCCINIA-GRAMINIS; HEXAPLOID WHEAT; PCR MARKERS; AESTIVUM L.; IDENTIFICATION; LINES; LEAF; SR2 AB Stem rust, caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt), is one of the most serious diseases of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) worldwide. The discovery of new Pgt races in Africa, Ug99 and its variants, brings a new threat to global wheat production. Pyramiding several stem rust resistance genes into adapted varieties as opposed to breeding varieties with a single resistance gene is considered a more effective method to combat new races, but the success of gene pyramiding depends on the availability of molecular markers tightly linked to resistance genes. Markers for Ug99-effective genes, Sr2, Sr22, Sr26, Sr32, Sr35, Sr39, and Sr40, were evaluated for usefulness in marker-assisted selection (MAS) of hard winter wheat (HWW) using 10 resistance gene donor lines, 17 recently released U.S. HWW varieties or breeding lines, and 20 advanced introgression lines. Markers XcsIH81-BM and XcsIH81-AG for Sr22, Xsr26#43 and XBE51879 for Sr26, Xbarc55 for Sr32, Xbarc51 for Sr35, Xrwg27 for Sr39, Xsr39#22r for Sr40, and csSr2-derived single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) marker for Sr2 are diagnostic for the set of HWW accessions evaluated in this study. These markers should be useful in marker-assisted pyramiding of stem rust resistance genes to develop HWW cultivars with multiple gene resistance against Ug99 races. C1 [Bernardo, Amy N.] Kansas State Univ, Dep Plant Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Bowden, Robert L.; Bai, Guihua] Kansas State Univ, USDA ARS, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Rouse, Matthew N.; Newcomb, Maria S.] USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Marshall, David S.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Bai, GH (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, USDA ARS, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, 4008 Throckmorton Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM guihua.bai@usda.ars.gov RI Rouse, Matthew/G-5474-2011 NR 49 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 17 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 53 IS 3 BP 755 EP 764 DI 10.2135/cropsci2012.07.0446 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 152JD UT WOS:000319527000003 ER PT J AU Pathan, SM Vuong, T Clark, K Lee, JD Shannon, JG Roberts, CA Ellersieck, MR Burton, JW Cregan, PB Hyten, DL Nguyen, HT Sleper, DA AF Pathan, Safiullah M. Tri Vuong Clark, Kerry Lee, Jeong-Dong Shannon, J. Grover Roberts, Craig A. Ellersieck, Mark R. Burton, Joseph W. Cregan, Perry B. Hyten, David L. Nguyen, Henry T. Sleper, David A. TI Genetic Mapping and Confirmation of Quantitative Trait Loci for Seed Protein and Oil Contents and Seed Weight in Soybean SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID HETERODERA-GLYCINES ICHINOHE; MOLECULAR-MARKER ANALYSIS; LINKAGE GROUP-I; AGRONOMIC TRAITS; CYST-NEMATODE; POPULATIONS; QTL; SELECTION; RESISTANCE; QUALITY AB Demand for soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] meal has increased worldwide and soybean importers often offer premiums for soybean containing higher contents of protein and oil. Objectives were to detect quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with soybean seed protein, oil, and seed weight in a soybean mapping population and confirm detected QTL across genetic backgrounds and environments. Two populations of 216 and 156 recombinant inbred lines were developed from Magellan x PI 438489B and Magellan x PI 567516C crosses, respectively, and grown in two Missouri environments in 2008. More than 900 simple sequence repeat (SSR) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers were used for mapping in each population. Across environments and genetic backgrounds, we have identified seven QTL for protein, six for oil, and four for seed weight. Two QTL were detected in common for protein and oil, one on chromosome (Chr.) 5 and another on Chr. 6. Additionally, we have detected one new seed weight QTL on Chr. 6, in the same region of protein and oil QTL. Confirmed protein and oil QTL on Chrs. 5 and 6 may be important targets to find candidate genes involved in modification of protein and oil contents and seed weight using genetic and genomic approaches. Also, SSR and SNP markers closely associated with these QTL can be useful for marker-assisted selection. C1 [Pathan, Safiullah M.; Shannon, J. Grover] Univ Missouri, Delta Res Ctr, Natl Ctr Soybean Biotechnol, Portageville, MO 63873 USA. [Pathan, Safiullah M.; Shannon, J. Grover] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Portageville, MO 63873 USA. [Tri Vuong; Clark, Kerry; Nguyen, Henry T.; Sleper, David A.] Univ Missouri, NCSB, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Tri Vuong; Clark, Kerry; Roberts, Craig A.; Nguyen, Henry T.; Sleper, David A.] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Ellersieck, Mark R.] Univ Missouri, Div Stat, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Burton, Joseph W.] USDA ARS, Soybean & Nitrogen Fixat Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA. [Hyten, David L.] Pioneer HiBred Int Inc, Johnston, IA 50131 USA. [Cregan, Perry B.] USDA ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Lee, Jeong-Dong] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Appl Biosci, Taegu 702701, South Korea. RP Sleper, DA (reprint author), Univ Missouri, NCSB, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM sleperd@missouri.edu OI Hyten, David/0000-0001-6324-9389 FU United Soybean Board through the Better Bean Initiative FX Authors wish to thank the United Soybean Board for financial support through the Better Bean Initiative. We also wish to thank the Missouri Agricultural Experiment Station for supporting field evaluations, Christine Cole, Culian Liu, and Md Sariful Islam for their technical assistance in phenotyping and genotyping the populations. NR 57 TC 11 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 30 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 53 IS 3 BP 765 EP 774 DI 10.2135/cropsci2012.03.0153 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 152JD UT WOS:000319527000004 ER PT J AU Patel, JS Mamidi, S Bonman, JM Adhikari, TB AF Patel, Jaimin S. Mamidi, Sujan Bonman, J. Michael Adhikari, Tika B. TI Identification of QTL in Spring Wheat Associated with Resistance to a Novel Isolate of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID TAN SPOT RESISTANCE; GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; PROTEIN-RECOGNITION MOTIFS; SPATIAL GENETIC-STRUCTURE; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; CHROMOSOMAL LOCATION; TETRAPLOID WHEAT; COMPLEX TRAITS; ZINC-FINGERS; DURUM-WHEAT AB Tan spot, caused by Pyrenophora triticirepentis, is an important disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) worldwide. Pathogenic races of P. tritici-repentis have been identified on the basis of their ability to induce tan necrosis and/or chlorosis symptoms on differential wheat genotypes. A group of isolates of P. triticirepentis collected from Arkansas did not fit into the current race classification system because they lack the ToxA gene. In this study, 535 spring wheat accessions were inoculated with a representative novel isolate (AR CrossB10) of P. tritici-repentis from Arkansas. An association mapping approach and 832 polymorphic diversity array technology markers were used to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with resistance to the isolate AR CrossB10. Two models (QK(1) and QK(2)) with the least mean square difference were selected among nine linear regression models tested, and 11 QTL involved in resistance to AR CrossB10 were identified, which are located on chromosomes 1A, 1D, 2B, 2D, 6A, and 7A. The results suggest that multiple disease resistance genes also are clustered around a few of the significant markers and will be useful for wheat breeding programs and for search of candidate genes. C1 [Patel, Jaimin S.; Adhikari, Tika B.] N Dakota State Univ, Dep Plant Pathol, NDSU Dep 7660, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Mamidi, Sujan] N Dakota State Univ, Genom & Bioinformat Program, NDSU Dep 7670, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Bonman, J. Michael] USDA ARS, Small Grains & Potato Germplasm Res Unit, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. RP Adhikari, TB (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, NSF Ctr Integrated Pest Management, Centennial Campus,840 Main Campus Dr,POB 7253,Par, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. EM tika_adhikari@ncsu.edu RI Patel, Jaimin/L-2752-2015; OI Patel, Jaimin/0000-0003-2934-5427; mamidi, sujan/0000-0002-3837-6121 FU Wheat Research and Promotion Council, Minnesota; North Dakota Wheat Commission; State Board of Agricultural Research and Education, North Dakota; USDA-ARS specific cooperative agreement [58-5366-0-133] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support for this project from the Wheat Research and Promotion Council, Minnesota, North Dakota Wheat Commission and the State Board of Agricultural Research and Education, North Dakota, and USDA-ARS specific cooperative agreement 58-5366-0-133. We thank Jana Hansen and Saran Ghimire for technical assistance. NR 94 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 12 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 53 IS 3 BP 842 EP 852 DI 10.2135/cropsci2012.01.0036 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 152JD UT WOS:000319527000013 ER PT J AU Vogel, KP Mitchell, RB Sarath, G Jung, HG Dien, BS Casler, MD AF Vogel, K. P. Mitchell, R. B. Sarath, G. Jung, H. G. Dien, B. S. Casler, M. D. TI Switchgrass Biomass Composition Altered by Six Generations of Divergent Breeding for Digestibility SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID DRY-MATTER DIGESTIBILITY; FORAGE QUALITY; DIFFERING DIGESTIBILITY; REGISTRATION; SELECTION; IVDMD AB Biomass composition of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) can affect its utilization by ruminants and its conversion to liquid fuels in a biorefinery. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of six generations of divergent breeding for forage in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) on switchgrass biomass composition, forage quality traits, and ethanol yield. Initially there was one cycle of selection for both low (C-1) and high IVDMD (C1 = cv. Trailblazer), followed by four additional breeding cycles for high IVDMD. In cycles 4 and 5, winter survival was included as a selection criterion because of decreased winter survival of the C3 population. The experimental populations that were produced by these breeding generations and nine half-sib families from cycle 5 were evaluated for two post-establishment years at the research station in eastern Nebraska, where all the breeding work was conducted. The six breeding generations resulted in significant differences among the populations for all the 28 cell wall and non-cell-wall composition variables measured, forage quality, and ethanol yield traits measured except for total biomass C, cell wall concentration, soluble glucose, and etherified ferulates. These traits included all cell wall and nonstructural carbohydrates. Breeding for the heritable complex trait IVDMD affected a large number of plant biomass characteristics and also adversely affected plant biomass yield and winter survival. C1 [Vogel, K. P.; Mitchell, R. B.; Sarath, G.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, Dep Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Jung, H. G.] USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Jung, H. G.] USDA ARS, Dep Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Dien, B. S.] USDA ARS, Fermentat Biotechnol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Casler, M. D.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Vogel, KP (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, Dep Agron & Hort, 137 Keim Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM Ken.Vogel@ars.usda.gov OI Dien, Bruce/0000-0003-3863-6664 NR 25 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 27 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 53 IS 3 BP 853 EP 862 DI 10.2135/cropsci2012.09.0542 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 152JD UT WOS:000319527000014 ER PT J AU Vogel, KP AF Vogel, K. P. TI Comparison of Two Perennial Grass Breeding Systems with Switchgrass SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID REGISTRATION; SELECTION; ESTABLISHMENT; PLANTS; YIELDS; GAINS; IVDMD AB Two breeding systems, between-and within-family selection (BWFS) and multistep family selection (MFS), were compared using three switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) populations to determine which system was the most effective in improving biomass yield and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD). With BWFS, half-sib families are produced and evaluated on a family basis and then the best plants within the best families are selected for crossing to produce a new strain. With MFS, parent genotypes of the half-sib families being evaluated in the BWFS selection nursery are maintained and the genotypes whose progeny were the best in the BWFS evaluation trial are selected and polycrossed to produce a new strain. Methods were compared using two populations in which improved biomass yield and IVDMD were the selected traits and with a population for which improved IVDMD and winter survival were the selected traits. For the populations for which yield was a selection criteria, the BWFS breeding system produced strains with significantly greater biomass yields than the MFS system. For one of these populations, the BWFS and MFS systems did not differ for IVDMD but the MFS system produced a strain with higher IVDMD for the other population. For the population in which IVDMD and winter survival were the selection criteria, the BWFS strain had greater IVDMD than the MFS strain. Overall, the BWFS system was superior and required less work. C1 Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, Dep Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Vogel, KP (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, Dep Agron & Hort, 137 Keim Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM vogel@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 21 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 53 IS 3 BP 863 EP 870 DI 10.2135/cropsci2012.09.0559 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 152JD UT WOS:000319527000015 ER PT J AU Christopher, MD Liu, SY Hall, MD Marshall, DS Fountain, MO Johnson, JW Milus, EA Garland-Campbell, KA Chen, XM Griffey, CA AF Christopher, Mark D. Liu, Shuyu Hall, Marla D. Marshall, David S. Fountain, Myron O. Johnson, Jerry W. Milus, Eugene A. Garland-Campbell, Kimberly A. Chen, Xianming Griffey, Carl A. TI Identification and Mapping of Adult Plant Stripe Rust Resistance in Soft Red Winter Wheat VA00W-38 SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID F-SP TRITICI; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; PUCCINIA-STRIIFORMIS; UNITED-STATES; YELLOW RUST; BREAD WHEAT; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; LEAF RUST; EPIDEMIOLOGY; CULTIVARS AB The Virginia Tech experimental wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) line VA00W-38 has adult plant resistance to race PST-100, which was the predominant race of stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) in the United States from 2003 to 2006. Resistance was characterized in a cross between VA00W-38 and Pioneer Brand '26R46'. The mapping population consisted of 182 recombinant inbred lines, which were evaluated in field tests for stripe rust infection type (IT) in Georgia in 2008 and 2009 and for IT and severity in North Carolina in 2009 and 2010. A genome-wide molecular screen with 143 simple sequence repeat and 405 diversity arrays technology markers was used to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for stripe rust resistance. QTL on chromosomes 2AS and 4BL of VA00W-38 were identified; they explained 58.9 and 19.3% of the variation for IT and 51.9 and 12.1% of the variation for severity, respectively. QTL on chromosomes 6BL and 3BL of Pioneer 26R46 were identified and explained 8.9 and 2.1% of the variation for IT and 11.7 and 3.9% of the variation for severity. Markers Xgwm296b, Xbarc163, and Xwmc756 were most tightly linked to QTL on chromosomes 2AS, 4BL, and 6BL. Use of these markers and development of additional diagnostic markers will facilitate the incorporation and pyramiding of stripe rust resistance into soft red winter wheat lines via marker-assisted selection. C1 [Christopher, Mark D.; Hall, Marla D.; Griffey, Carl A.] Virginia Tech, Dep Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Liu, Shuyu] Texas AgriLife Res, TAMU, Amarillo, TX 79106 USA. [Marshall, David S.; Fountain, Myron O.] USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Johnson, Jerry W.] Univ Georgia, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. [Milus, Eugene A.] Univ Arkansas, Dep Plant Pathol, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Garland-Campbell, Kimberly A.; Chen, Xianming] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Griffey, CA (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dep Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM Cgriffey@vt.edu FU Virginia Small Grains Board; Virginia Agricultural Council; U.S. Department of Agriculture [58-6645-7-255] FX This study was supported with funding provided by the Virginia Small Grains Board and the Virginia Agricultural Council. This material is based on work supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, under Agreement No. 58-6645-7-255. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 16 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 53 IS 3 BP 871 EP 879 DI 10.2135/cropsci2012.02.0086 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 152JD UT WOS:000319527000016 ER PT J AU Tetteh, AY Wehner, TC Davis, AR AF Tetteh, Antonia Y. Wehner, Todd C. Davis, Angela R. TI Inheritance of Resistance to the New Race of Powdery Mildew in Watermelon SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SUSCEPTIBILITY; CUCURBITS; MELON AB Watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai] production in the United States has, in the past few years, incurred significant losses to races 1W and 2WU.S. powdery mildew (Podosphaera xanthii) infection. We report the mode of inheritance, gene action, and heritability of race 2WU.S. resistance in two populations derived from a cross involving the resistant genotype PI 189225 and the susceptible 'Charleston Gray' and PI 269677. Parents, F-1, F-2, BC1P1, and BC1P2 plants were inoculated and evaluated for leaf and stem resistance in two replicated greenhouse experiments. Segregation patterns revealed that only leaf resistance rating in Charleston Gray x PI 189225 fit the model for single gene inheritance. Generation mean analysis established only additive gene action for leaf resistance while for stem resistance, additive, dominance, and epistatic effects were important. Narrow-sense heritability estimates were higher for stem (0.81) than for leaf (0.58) resistance. Lack of dominance and epistatic effects combined with high heritability indicated high probability of success in selecting for leaf resistance in early generations. Stem resistance had a higher additive effect, lower dominance, and moderate heritability, but progress toward resistance should be possible. In population PI 269677 x PI 189225, epistatic effects combined with low heritability (0.20) and presence of duplicate epistasis may result in slower progress from selection. C1 [Tetteh, Antonia Y.] Kwame Nkrumah Univ Sci & Technol, Dep Biochem & Biotechnol, Kumasi, Ghana. [Wehner, Todd C.] N Carolina State Univ, Dep Hort Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Davis, Angela R.] Harris Moran Seed Co, Davis, CA 95618 USA. [Davis, Angela R.] USDA ARS, South Cent Agr Res Lab, Lane, OK 74555 USA. RP Wehner, TC (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dep Hort Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM tcwehner@gmail.com NR 34 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 20 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 53 IS 3 BP 880 EP 887 DI 10.2135/cropsci2012.07.0453 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 152JD UT WOS:000319527000017 ER PT J AU Campbell, BT Weaver, DB Sharpe, R Wu, J Jones, DC AF Campbell, B. T. Weaver, D. B. Sharpe, R. Wu, J. Jones, D. C. TI Breeding Potential of Elite Pee Dee Germplasm in Upland Cotton Breeding Programs SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CHROMOSOME SUBSTITUTION LINES; ACCESSION DERIVED GERMPLASM; FIBER-QUALITY; VARIANCE-COMPONENTS; CULTIVAR CROSSES; REGISTRATION; IMPROVEMENT; YIELD; TOPCROSSES; VALUES AB Successful plant breeding programs begin with parental line selection. Effective parental line selection is facilitated when the breeding potential of candidate parental lines is known. Using topcross families involving germplasm from eight U.S. public cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) breeding programs, we evaluated the breeding potential of recently developed, elite Pee Dee germplasm. Based on parental line mean performance, hybrid performance, and genetic effect estimates, the breeding potential for recently developed, elite Pee Dee germplasm was similar to or better than the breeding potential of two well-known, commercial cultivars. Results suggest that crosses involving germplasm from the USDA-ARS, Stoneville, MS, and USDA-ARS, Maricopa, AZ, cotton germplasm enhancement programs offer high fiber quality potential. In addition, our results suggest that recently developed, elite Pee Dee germplasm can be used to generate offspring with a lessened or absent negative relationship between agronomic performance and fiber quality. Cotton breeders can use the information provided herein to facilitate their efforts to develop elite breeding lines, recurrent parents, and/or commercial cultivars. C1 [Campbell, B. T.] USDA ARS, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, Florence, SC 29501 USA. [Weaver, D. B.; Sharpe, R.] Auburn Univ, Dep Agron & Soils, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Wu, J.] S Dakota State Univ, Dep Plant Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Jones, D. C.] Cotton Inc, Cary, NC 27513 USA. RP Campbell, BT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, 2611 W Lucas St, Florence, SC 29501 USA. EM todd.campbell@ars.usda.gov FU CRIS of the U.S. Department of Agriculture [6657-21000-006-00D]; Cotton Incorporated FX This research project was supported by funding from CRIS No. 6657-21000-006-00D of the U.S. Department of Agriculture and a grant from Cotton Incorporated. Special thanks to Bobby Fisher and summer students for technical assistance. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 33 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 5 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 53 IS 3 BP 894 EP 905 DI 10.2135/cropsci2012.09.0549 PG 12 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 152JD UT WOS:000319527000019 ER PT J AU Heslot, N Jannink, JL Sorrells, ME AF Heslot, Nicolas Jannink, Jean-Luc Sorrells, Mark E. TI Using Genomic Prediction to Characterize Environments and Optimize Prediction Accuracy in Applied Breeding Data SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID AFFECTING GRAIN-SORGHUM; LINEAR UNBIASED PREDICTION; DENSE MOLECULAR MARKERS; BAYESIAN LASSO; MIXED MODELS; GENOTYPE; SELECTION; PEDIGREE; POPULATION; REGRESSION AB Simulation and empirical studies of genomic selection (GS) show accuracies sufficient to generate rapid annual genetic gains. Whole-genome genotyping provides the opportunity to go beyond the evaluation of lines to the evaluation of alleles and thus, provides new tools to analyze multienvironment trials. Considering allele replication rather than line replication provides a new way to cope with highly unbalanced phenotypic data sets. Using a two-row elite barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) population representative of the type of data generated by a commercial breeding program and tested for grain yield across Europe from 2007 to 2010, we characterized allele effect estimates at each test location and used them to successfully identify outlier environments. We also used the prediction accuracy between environments to characterize the environments. The prediction accuracy gave the same pattern as the genetic correlation between environments based on a factor analytic model, suggesting that it could be used to cluster environments. A new method was developed to optimize the composition of the training population for predicting performance in the target population of environments (TPE). This method does not search for mega-environments, but instead it identifies and removes less predictive environments from the set of environments used to train the model. Using this approach with the barley data set, cross-validated accuracy increased from 0.54 to 0.61 while controlling overfitting and focusing the prediction on the TPE. This study demonstrates the possibilities offered by GS to analyze multienvironment trials, identify outliers, group environments, and select historical data relevant for current breeding efforts. C1 [Heslot, Nicolas; Sorrells, Mark E.] Cornell Univ, Dep Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Heslot, Nicolas] Limagrain Europe, CS3911, F-63720 Chappes, France. [Jannink, Jean-Luc] Cornell Univ, RW Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Sorrells, ME (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dep Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM mes12@cornell.edu FU USDA-NIFA-AFRI [2009-653000-5661, 2011-68002-30029, 2005-05130]; Hatch project [149-449]; Limagrain Europe FX We thank Gary Atlin for a review of an early version of this manuscript and Hugh G. Gauch for useful advice at the beginning of this project. This research was supported in part by USDA-NIFA-AFRI grants, award numbers 2009-653000-5661, 2011-68002-30029, and 2005-05130 and by Hatch project 149-449. Limagrain Europe provided financial support for N. Heslot. NR 38 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 42 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 53 IS 3 BP 921 EP 933 DI 10.2135/cropsci2012.07.0420 PG 13 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 152JD UT WOS:000319527000022 ER PT J AU Balut, AL Clark, AJ Brown-Guedira, G Souza, E Van Sanford, DA AF Balut, Ana L. Clark, Anthony J. Brown-Guedira, Gina Souza, Edward Van Sanford, David A. TI Validation of Fhb1 and QFhs.nau-2DL in Several Soft Red Winter Wheat Populations SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FUSARIUM HEAD BLIGHT; SPRING WHEAT; RESISTANCE; SELECTION; BARLEY; SCAB; QTLS; DEOXYNIVALENOL; IDENTIFICATION; HERITABILITY AB Exotic resistance quantitative trait loci (QTL) such as Fhb1 and QFhs.nau-2DL provide one strategy for breeding wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars resistant to Fusarium head blight (FHB). The first objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of these QTL in reducing FHB in diverse genetic backgrounds and to measure their impact on agronomic and quality traits. Lines from five susceptible x resistant crosses were evaluated in the FHB nursery at Lexington, KY, in 2010 and 2011. The populations were also grown in yield trials at Lexington (2010 and 2011) and Princeton (2011), KY, to measure agronomic and quality traits. Fhb1 reduced Fusarium damaged kernels (FDK) by 32% and deoxynivalenol (DON) concentration by 20%. QFhs.nau-2DL reduced FDK by 29% in two of five populations and DON by 24% in four of five populations. Significant QTL effects (P < 0.05) on agronomic and quality traits were observed although impact was small. One cycle of direct or indirect simulated phenotypic selection was effective at reducing DON levels. The frequency of Fhb1-homozygous resistant lines among the phenotypically selected lines was higher than the frequency of QFhs.nau-2DL-homozygous resistant lines. The second objective was to assess the effectiveness of near-infrared reflectance (NIR) to estimate damage from FHB. Near-infrared reflectance-based predictions of FDK and DON showed that FDK measured by NIR was at least as good as FDK measured by air separation in predicting DON in four of five populations. C1 [Balut, Ana L.; Clark, Anthony J.; Van Sanford, David A.] Univ Kentucky, Dep Plant & Soil Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Brown-Guedira, Gina] USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Souza, Edward] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, USDA ARS, Soft Wheat Qual Lab, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Van Sanford, DA (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dep Plant & Soil Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. EM dvs@uky.edu FU U.S. Department of Agriculture [59-0206-9-054] FX The authors thank Yanhong Dong for the DON analysis. This material is based on work supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, under Agreement No. 59-0206-9-054. This is a cooperative project with the U.S. Wheat & Barley Scab Initiative. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 33 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 33 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 53 IS 3 BP 934 EP 945 DI 10.2135/cropsci2012.09.0550 PG 12 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 152JD UT WOS:000319527000023 ER PT J AU Jaradat, AA Goldstein, W AF Jaradat, Abdullah A. Goldstein, Walter TI Diversity of Maize Kernels from a Breeding Program for Protein Quality: I. Physical, Biochemical, Nutrient, and Color Traits SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ZEA-MAYS L.; GRAIN METHIONINE; SPECTROSCOPY; GERMPLASM; SELECTION; NITROGEN; INBREDS; CORN; VARIABILITY; POPULATIONS AB It is a challenge to breed maize (Zea mays L.) varieties with enhanced levels of protein, oil, starch, and essential amino acid contents while maintaining competitive agronomic capability. We used multivariate statistical procedures to quantify total diversity and its components for 31 physical, biochemical, nutrient, and color traits of 1348 accessions from 13 maize populations. The germplasm belonged to stiff and non-stiff stalk heterotic groups at different stages of inbreeding and with opaque or translucent kernel endosperm. Cluster, principal components, and variance components analyses resulted in separating populations and traits into statistically different groups and helped to identify physical and color traits that may be useful for selecting accessions with high protein, amino acid, oil, and nutrient contents. We identified correlative relationships between groups of biochemical and nutrient traits linked to certain populations or physical or kernel color traits. Diversity analysis revealed variable relationships between and within total diversity and its components depending on kernel physical, biochemical, nutrient, and color traits. Sources of variation in and amount of variation attributed to total diversity for each of these traits were identified and quantified. Populations and genotypes within populations were identified as sources of variation for multiple kernel quality traits that can be used in developing high-quality maize varieties. C1 [Jaradat, Abdullah A.] USDA ARS, Morris, MN 56267 USA. [Goldstein, Walter] Mandaamin Inst, Elkhorn, WI 53121 USA. RP Jaradat, AA (reprint author), USDA ARS, 803 Iowa Ave, Morris, MN 56267 USA. EM abdullah.jaradat@ars.usda.gov FU The Department of Agriculture, Trade, and Consumer Protection, State of Wisconsin, USDA Agricultural Marketing Resource Center, Ames, IA; USDA-ARS Project, Morris, MN [3645-61600-001-00D]; USDA-ARS FX We thank Jana Rinke for her skilled laboratory work and Jon Starr for preparing the figures. This research was funded by The Department of Agriculture, Trade, and Consumer Protection, State of Wisconsin, USDA Agricultural Marketing Resource Center, Ames, IA, and by USDA-ARS Project No. 3645-61600-001-00D, Morris, MN. We acknowledge the services and collaboration of The Grain Quality Testing Laboratory at Iowa State University and The Agricultural Research Station Chemical Laboratory, University of Missouri-Columbus, MO. The breeding program was managed by WG during his tenure at Michael Fields Agricultural Institute, East Troy, WI, with funding from USDA-ARS and in collaboration with Dr. Linda Pollak, Corn Geneticist, Corn Insect and Crop Genetics Unit, Ames, IA (Retired). The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication is for information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture or the Agricultural Research Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. The USDA is an equal provider and employer. NR 56 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 13 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 53 IS 3 BP 956 EP 976 DI 10.2135/cropsci2012.07.0437 PG 21 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 152JD UT WOS:000319527000025 ER PT J AU Culumber, CM Larson, SR Jones, TA Jensen, KB AF Culumber, C. Mae Larson, Steven R. Jones, Thomas A. Jensen, Kevin B. TI Wide-Scale Population Sampling Identifies Three Phylogeographic Races of Basin Wildrye and Low-Level Genetic Admixture with Creeping Wildrye SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID LEYMUS TRITICEAE WILDRYES; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; CHLOROPLAST GENOME; LINKAGE MAPS; POACEAE; SEQUENCES; AFLP; PSEUDOROEGNERIA; DIVERGENCE AB Basin wildrye [Leymus cinereus (Scribn. & Merr.) A. Love] and creeping wildrye [Leymus triticoides (Buckley) Pilg.] are outcrossing perennial grasses native to western North America. These divergent species are generally adapted to different habitats but can form fertile hybrids. Cultivars of both species are used in agriculture and conservation, but little is known about genetic diversity and gene flow among these species. Therefore, multilocus amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) genotypes and chloroplast DNA sequences were evaluated from 536 L. cinereus and 43 L. triticoides plants from 224 locations of western United States and Canada. Bayesian-cluster analysis detected three L. cinereus races corresponding to the Columbia, Rocky Mountain, and Great Basin regions. Possible admixture between species was detected in specific areas, but only 2.2% of the plants showed more than 10% introgression. The Columbia and Great Basin races were predominantly octoploid whereas most of the Rocky Mountain accessions were tetraploid. Approximately 36 and 7% of the AFLP variation was apportioned among species and races, respectively, but no discrete marker differences were detected among these groups. Although species can be distinguished using a relatively small set of AFLP markers showing divergent allele frequencies, at least 30 markers were needed to classify plants by race. Approximately 8 and 11% of the chloroplast DNA sequence variation was apportioned among species and races, but these markers were not practically useful for species or race identification. C1 [Culumber, C. Mae] Utah State Univ, Plants Soils & Climate Dep, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Larson, Steven R.; Jones, Thomas A.; Jensen, Kevin B.] Utah State Univ, USDA, ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Larson, SR (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA, ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM Steve.Larson@ars.usda.gov FU Great Basin Native Plant Selection and Increase project; U.S. Department of the Interior-Bureau of Land Management Great Basin Restoration Initiative; U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Shrubland Biology and Restoration Research Work Unit; Utah Division of Wildlife Resources; U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service; Utah State University Center for High Performance Computing; Center for Integrated Biosystems FX Funding for this research has been provided by the Great Basin Native Plant Selection and Increase project, a multistate research project formed with collaboration of the U.S. Department of the Interior-Bureau of Land Management Great Basin Restoration Initiative, the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Shrubland Biology and Restoration Research Work Unit, the Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service. Support for this research was also provided by the Utah State University Center for High Performance Computing and Center for Integrated Biosystems. NR 55 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 13 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 53 IS 3 BP 996 EP 1007 DI 10.2135/cropsci2012.06.0396 PG 12 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 152JD UT WOS:000319527000028 ER PT J AU Lee, S Mian, MAR McHale, LK Sneller, CH Dorrance, AE AF Lee, Sungwoo Mian, M. A. Rouf McHale, Leah K. Sneller, Clay H. Dorrance, Anne E. TI Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci Conditioning Partial Resistance to Phytophthora sojae in Soybean PI 407861A SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CYST-NEMATODE RESISTANCE; MEGASPERMA VAR SOJAE; GENETIC-LINKAGE MAP; F-SP GLYCINEA; DISEASE RESISTANCE; ROOT-ROT; MAJOR GENE; PLANT INTRODUCTIONS; AGRONOMIC TRAITS; APHID RESISTANCE AB Improving resistance for Phytophthora root and stem rot is an important goal in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] breeding. The objective of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) conferring partial resistance to Phytophthora sojae in an OX20-8 x PI 407861A cross, in which PI 407861A was used as the source of partial resistance. One hundred fifty-seven F-7-derived recombinant inbred lines (RILs) were evaluated for partial resistance to P. sojae isolate OH25 using a tray test. Composite interval mapping identified three QTLs on chromosomes 8, 13, and 15 by a genomewide logarithm of odds (LOD) threshold and six QTLs on chromosomes 3, 4, 10, and 18 by chromosomewide LOD threshold. The phenotypic variance explained by each QTL ranged from 2.4 to 8.6%, with a total of 41.6%. Quantitative trait loci on chromosomes 3 and 8 are novel QTLs first reported for partial resistance to P. sojae in this study. All nine QTLs were localized near known resistance gene rich regions or those previously reported for resistance to other soil-borne pathogens. Genomewide distribution of the QTLs in this population was distinct from the QTLs identified from previous studies with 'Conrad' but many were in common with those identified with another South Korean soybean accession. This indicates that the underlying genes for partial resistance in these exotic accessions may be distinct from genes controlling variation for partial resistance observed in Conrad. Plant Introduction 407861A is a promising genetic source of alleles that can be used to increase the genetic diversity and enhance levels of partial resistance to P. sojae in North American soybean cultivars. C1 [Lee, Sungwoo; Mian, M. A. Rouf; McHale, Leah K.; Sneller, Clay H.] Ohio State Univ, Dep Hort & Crop Sci, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Mian, M. A. Rouf] Ohio State Univ, USDA, ARS, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Dorrance, Anne E.] Ohio State Univ, Dep Plant Pathol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Dorrance, AE (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dep Plant Pathol, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM dorrance.1@osu.edu RI McHale, Leah/D-9612-2012 FU United Soybean Board; Ohio Soybean Council; State and Federal Funds; Ohio BioProducts Innovation Center (OBIC) FX This study was funded in part by United Soybean Board and Ohio Soybean Council through soybean producer's check-off dollars. We would like to acknowledge Dr. Perry Cregan's laboratory (USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD) for the preliminary SNP genotyping of parental genotypes with 1536 SNPs. We also thank T. Mendiola, S.A. Berry, A. Gunadi, D. Wickramasinghe, C. Balk, and C. Phelan for technical assistance. Salaries and research support for this project was provided by State and Federal Funds appropriated to the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University. We would also like to thank the staff of the Molecular and Cellular Imaging Center (Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center) for assistance with SNP genotyping with the Illumina BeadXpress Reader and the Ohio BioProducts Innovation Center (OBIC) for funding of genotyping equipment. NR 75 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 14 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 53 IS 3 BP 1022 EP 1031 DI 10.2135/cropsci2012.10.0578 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 152JD UT WOS:000319527000030 ER PT J AU Burke, JJ Chen, JP Burow, G Mechref, Y Rosenow, D Payton, P Xin, ZG Hayes, CM AF Burke, John J. Chen, Junping Burow, Gloria Mechref, Yehia Rosenow, Darrell Payton, Paxton Xin, Zhanguo Hayes, Chad M. TI Leaf Dhurrin Content is a Quantitative Measure of the Level of Pre- and Postflowering Drought Tolerance in Sorghum SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID BICOLOR L. MOENCH; STAY-GREEN TRAIT; CYANOGENIC GLYCOSIDES; IMPROVE YIELD; NITROGEN; IDENTIFICATION; LINES; ENVIRONMENTS; INHERITANCE; SENESCENCE AB The presence of preflowering or postflowering drought tolerance has been described in sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]. Sorghum lines with preflowering drought tolerance tend to senesce under postflowering drought stress while sorghum lines with postflowering drought tolerance (the stay-green trait) tend to be sensitive to preflowering drought stress. Assessments of these phenotypes have been dependent on the incidence of drought stress conditions at specific developmental stages to achieve meaningful evaluation. Therefore, field-based evaluations, most of which are visual, are notoriously difficult to perform and require growing lines in multiple locations across several years to achieve efficient selection for these traits. Here we report and demonstrate a correlation between leaf dhurrin [(S)-p-hydroxymandelonitrile- b-D-glucopyranoside] contents and the level of stay-green based on leaf and plant death ratings during postflowering drought stresses. Postflowering drought-tolerant stay-green sorghums had elevated dhurrin contents while preflowering drought-tolerant sorghum lines exhibited lower dhurrin contents. Lines with intermediate leaf and plant death ratings exhibited intermediate dhurrin levels. Finally, dhurrin levels determined before flowering from sorghum grown under irrigated or dryland conditions were related to the degree of pre- or postflowering drought tolerance. C1 [Burke, John J.; Chen, Junping; Burow, Gloria; Payton, Paxton; Xin, Zhanguo; Hayes, Chad M.] USDA, Plant Stress & Germplasm Dev Unit, Cropping Syst Res Lab, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. [Mechref, Yehia] Texas Tech Univ, Dep Chem & Biochem, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Rosenow, Darrell] Texas AgriLife Res, Texas Agr Expt Stn, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. RP Burke, JJ (reprint author), USDA, Plant Stress & Germplasm Dev Unit, Cropping Syst Res Lab, 3810 4th St, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. EM john.burke@ars.usda.gov OI Xin, Zhanguo/0000-0003-1471-7785; Mechref, Yehia/0000-0002-6661-6073 NR 48 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 20 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 53 IS 3 BP 1056 EP 1065 DI 10.2135/cropsci2012.09.0520 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 152JD UT WOS:000319527000033 ER PT J AU Zhao, DL Glaz, B Comstock, JC AF Zhao, Duli Glaz, Barry Comstock, Jack C. TI Sugarcane Leaf Photosynthesis and Growth Characters during Development of Water-Deficit Stress SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FORMATIVE PHASE; PARAMETERS; DROUGHT; YIELD; CYCLE; CROP AB Yield and profitability of sugarcane (a complex hybrid of Saccharum spp.) grown on sand soils are much lower than on organic soils in Florida owing to biotic and abiotic stresses. A greenhouse study was conducted using a sand soil to identify effects of water deficit stress (WS) during sugarcane early growth on leaf photosynthetic components, plant growth, and dry matter accumulation. Treatments included two sugarcane genotypes (CP 01-2390 and CP 80-1743) and two water regimes (well watered [WW] and WS). All plants were well watered before initiating WS. Water was withheld from the WS pots when plants reached seven to eight leaves on the primary stem. During the WS treatment, plant growth and leaf photosynthetic components were measured. Final green leaf area (GLA) and shoot biomass were determined at the end of the experiment. Water stress depressed leaf relative chlorophyll level (SPAD), stomatal conductance (g(s)), leaf net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), transpiration use efficiency (TUE) of photosynthesis, and GLA, resulting in reduced shoot biomass. CP 01-2390 was superior to CP 80-1743 in most measured physiological and growth traits under the WW and WS conditions, suggesting that selection of genotypes with tolerance to WS while improving irrigation management will improve sugarcane yields on sand soils. Physiological and growth traits, such as SPAD, g s, Pn, Tr, TUE, GLA, tillering, and stalk length, may be useful for early detection of WS and for evaluation of sugarcane genotypes in the stress tolerance. C1 [Zhao, Duli; Glaz, Barry; Comstock, Jack C.] ARS, USDA, Sugarcane Field Stn, Canal Point, FL 33438 USA. RP Zhao, DL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Sugarcane Field Stn, 12990 US Hwy 441 N, Canal Point, FL 33438 USA. EM duli.zhao@ars.usda.gov NR 32 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 34 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 53 IS 3 BP 1066 EP 1075 DI 10.2135/cropsci2012.09.0554 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 152JD UT WOS:000319527000034 ER PT J AU Burrin, D Stoll, B Moore, D AF Burrin, D. Stoll, B. Moore, D. TI DIGESTIVE PHYSIOLOGY OF THE PIG SYMPOSIUM: Intestinal bile acid sensing is linked to key endocrine and metabolic signaling pathways SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Digestive Physiology of Pigs CY MAY 29-JUN 01, 2012 CL Keystone, CO DE enteroendocrine; farnesoid X receptor; fibroblast growth factor 19; glucagon-like peptide-1; glucagon-like peptide-2; G protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1 TGR5 ID FARNESOID-X-RECEPTOR; GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDE-2; TYPE-2 DIABETES-MELLITUS; Y GASTRIC BYPASS; NUCLEAR RECEPTOR; CHENODEOXYCHOLIC ACID; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; GLYCEMIC CONTROL; NEONATAL PIGS; TGR5 AGONIST AB Bile acids have historically been considered to mainly function in cholesterol homeostasis and facilitate fat digestion in the gastrointestinal tract. Recent discoveries show that bile acids also function as signaling molecules that exert diverse endocrine and metabolic actions by activating G protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1 (GPBAR1/G-protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1 or TGR5), a membrane G protein-coupled receptor, and farnesoid X receptor (FXR), a member of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. These bile acid sensing receptors are expressed in intestinal epithelial cells, TGR5 in enteroendocrine cells and FXR in enterocytes, which line the mucosa of gut lumen. A dominant effect of intestinal FXR activation by bile acids is secretion of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 19, a novel enterokine that functions as a central enterohepatic signal to maintain bile acid homeostasis in the liver. Activation of TGR5 on enteroendocrine cells stimulates secretion of glucagon-like peptides (GLP)-1 and -2, which function, respectively, as the major incretin hormone involved in glucose homeostasis and key trophic hormone in intestinal adaptation and growth in response to food ingestion. The biological actions induced by bile acid activation of intestinal FXR and TGR5 have important therapeutic implications for the pathogenesis and treatment of several metabolic diseases, such as cholestasis and diabetes. This review highlights these new developments in the biology of intestinal bile acid sensing and metabolic function and discusses the potential implications for the health and agricultural production of domestic swine. C1 [Burrin, D.; Stoll, B.] USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Sect Gastroenterol Hepatol & Nutr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Moore, D.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Burrin, D (reprint author), USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Sect Gastroenterol Hepatol & Nutr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM dburrin@bcm.edu FU Lucta S.A.; American Society of Animal Science; Journal of Animal Science; USDA, ARS [58-6250-6-00] FX Based on a presentation at the preconference symposium titled "Gut Chemosensing: Integrating nutrition, gut function and metabolism in pigs" preceding the 12th International Symposium on Digestive Physiology of Pigs in Keystone, Colorado, May 29-June 1, 2012, with publication sponsored by Lucta S.A., the American Society of Animal Science, and the Journal of Animal Science.; This work is a publication of the USDA-ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, and Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX. This work was supported by federal funds from the USDA, ARS under Cooperative Agreement Number 58-6250-6-00. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USDA or mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 70 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 91 IS 5 BP 1991 EP 2000 DI 10.2527/jas.2013-6331 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 154TA UT WOS:000319697600008 PM 23729782 ER PT J AU Mousel, MR Notter, DR Leeds, TD Zerby, HN Moeller, SJ Lewis, GS AF Mousel, M. R. Notter, D. R. Leeds, T. D. Zerby, H. N. Moeller, S. J. Lewis, G. S. TI Evaluation of Columbia, USMARC-Composite, Suffolk, and Texel rams as terminal sires in an extensive rangeland production system: IV. Postfabrication carcass component weights SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Digestive Physiology of Pigs CY MAY 29-JUN 01, 2012 CL Keystone, CO DE breeds; carcass; retail cuts; sheep; wholesale cuts ID TRAITS; GROWTH; LAMBS; SHEEP; BREED; SURVIVAL; GENE; LIVE AB Postfabrication carcass component weights of 517 crossbred wether lambs were analyzed to evaluate 4 terminal-sire breeds. Wethers were produced over 3 yr from single-sire matings of 22 Columbia, 22 USMARC-Composite (Composite), 21 Suffolk, and 17 Texel rams to adult Rambouillet ewes. Lambs were reared to weaning in an extensive western rangeland production system and finished in a feedlot on a high-energy finishing diet. When wethers reached a mean BW of 54.4, 61.2, or 68.0 kg, they were transported to The Ohio State University abattoir for harvest. After refrigeration for approximately 24 h, chilled carcass weight (CCW) was measured, carcasses were fabricated according to Style A of Institutional Meat Purchase Specifications, and postfabrication weights were recorded. At comparable numbers of days on feed, Suffolk-sired lambs had heavier (P < 0.04) neck, breast, shoulder, foreshank, rack, loin, leg, sirloin, roast-ready rack, trimmed loin, and boneless leg cuts than progeny of the other sire breeds. Boneless sirloins were heavier (P < 0.01) for Suffolk-sired than Composite-sired lambs but did not differ from those for Columbia-or Texel-sired lambs. Columbia-and Suffolk-sired lambs had heavier (P < 0.01) hindshanks than Texel-sired lambs. Suffolk-sired lambs had heavier (P < 0.01) high-value cuts (rack, loin, leg, and sirloin) and trimmed high-value cuts than progeny of the other sire breeds. Cutting loss (CCW - wholesale cut weights) and high-value trimming loss were greatest (P < 0.02) for Suffolk-sired lambs and least for Texel- and Composite-sired lambs. Sire breed did not affect (P > 0.06) flank weight. Data adjusted to comparable CCW reduced the number of significant sire-breed effects and changed sire-breed rankings of carcass component weights, for which sire breeds differed. After adjusting, Suffolk-sired lambs had lighter (P < 0.05) loins than Columbia-and Composite-sired lambs, Composite-sired lambs had heavier (P < 0.05) high-value cuts than Suffolk-sired lambs, and Suffolk-and Columbia-sired lambs had heavier (P < 0.05) necks than Texel-sired lambs. At predicted back fat thickness of 6.6 mm, Composite-sired lambs had a greater (P < 0.05) percentage of high-value cuts than Suffolk-sired lambs before but not after trimming. Producers can use these results to select terminal-sire breeds that will complement their production system and improve lamb value. C1 [Mousel, M. R.; Leeds, T. D.; Lewis, G. S.] ARS, USDA, US Sheep Expt Stn, Dubois, ID 83423 USA. [Notter, D. R.] Virginia Tech, Dept Anim & Poultry Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Zerby, H. N.; Moeller, S. J.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Mousel, MR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Sheep Expt Stn, Dubois, ID 83423 USA. EM michelle.mousel@ars.usda.gov OI Mousel, Michelle/0000-0003-1367-7005 NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 91 IS 5 BP 2012 EP 2020 DI 10.2527/jas.2012-5916 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 154TA UT WOS:000319697600010 PM 23463555 ER PT J AU Kirschten, DP Notter, DR Leeds, TD Mousel, MR Taylor, JB Lewis, GS AF Kirschten, D. P. Notter, D. R. Leeds, T. D. Mousel, M. R. Taylor, J. B. Lewis, G. S. TI Evaluation of Columbia, USMARC-Composite, Suffolk, and Texel rams as terminal sires in an extensive rangeland production system: V. Postweaning growth, feed intake, and feed efficiency SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Digestive Physiology of Pigs CY MAY 29-JUN 01, 2012 CL Keystone, CO DE breeds; feed efficiency; residual feed intake; residual gain; sheep ID BIOLOGICAL TYPES; GENETIC-PARAMETERS; TRAITS; CATTLE; LAMBS; BREED; SHEEP; SURVIVAL; GENDER; STEERS AB This study was conducted to quantify differences in feed efficiency among 4 sire breeds using records from 1,109 crossbred lambs over 3 yr. Lambs were produced from mating Columbia, USMARC-Composite (Composite), Suffolk, and Texel rams to adult Rambouillet ewes. After weaning, lambs were finished on a high-energy diet in group-fed pens. Efficiency was assessed at 45 and 90 d on study, 50 and 60 kg of BW, and 6.6 and 9.1 mm of fat depth between the 12th and 13th ribs. Sire breed affected most of the traits that were measured. At 90 d, Suffolk-sired lambs had gained 13 to 19% more BW (P < 0.001), were 7 to 13% heavier (P < 0.001), and had consumed 4 to 11% more (P < 0.001) ME than the other breed crosses. However, at 90 d, G: F (59.9 vs. mean of 56.2 g BW gain/Mcal of ME; P < 0.01) and residual BW gain (RG; 0.94 vs. -0.33 kg BW; P < 0.05) were greater for Suffolk-sired lambs than for the other 3 sire breeds. Also, RG for Suffolk-sired lambs was greater (P < 0.01) at 6.6 and 9.1 mm of fat depth (0.62 vs. -0.24 kg and 0.87 vs. -0.33 kg of BW, respectively) and at 60 kg of BW (0.73 vs. 0.31 kg of BW) than for the other sire breeds. At 90 d, Columbia-sired lambs had the greatest (P < 0.01) residual feed intake (RFI; 7.01 vs. mean of -2.33 Mcal ME for the 3 other sire breeds). At 60 kg of BW, Texel- and Composite-(-2.34 Mcal ME, combined) had more favorable (P < 0.01) RFI than Columbia-sired lambs (6.42 Mcal ME), and Suffolk-sired lambs (0.49 Mcal ME) were intermediate and not different from the other 3 sire breeds. At 6.6 mm of fat depth, Columbia-and Suffolk- (3.30 Mcal ME, combined) had greater (P < 0.001) RFI than Texel-sired lambs (-4.23 Mcal ME); at 9.1 mm of fat depth, Columbia-sired lambs had the greatest (P < 0.05) RFI (7.35 vs. -2.11 Mcal ME for the other breeds combined). In summary, except for ME intake at 90 d, Suffolk-sired lambs were equal or superior to Columbia-, Composite-, and Texel-sired lambs for BW, BW gain, ME intake, G: F, RFI, and RG to 90 d, 60 kg of BW, and 9.1 mm of fat depth. Breed rankings were consistent across the study period for G: F and RG, but rankings changed over time for RFI. C1 [Kirschten, D. P.; Leeds, T. D.; Mousel, M. R.; Taylor, J. B.; Lewis, G. S.] ARS, USDA, US Sheep Expt Stn, Dubois, ID 83423 USA. [Notter, D. R.] Virginia Tech, Dept Anim & Poultry Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Lewis, GS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Sheep Expt Stn, Dubois, ID 83423 USA. EM Gregory.Lewis@ars.usda.gov OI Mousel, Michelle/0000-0003-1367-7005 NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 91 IS 5 BP 2021 EP 2033 DI 10.2527/jas.2012-5152 PG 13 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 154TA UT WOS:000319697600011 PM 23572265 ER PT J AU McNeel, AK Ondrak, JD Cushman, RA AF McNeel, Anthony K. Ondrak, Jeff D. Cushman, Robert A. TI Technical Report: Serial collections of placentomes during parturition in cattle and subsequent reproductive performance SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Digestive Physiology of Pigs CY MAY 29-JUN 01, 2012 CL Keystone, CO DE placental separation; retained placenta; surgery; transvaginal ID FETAL MEMBRANES AB Placental separation is a complex physiological event in reproductive physiology and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. When comparing different experiments the timing of tissue collections is a significant consideration due to the variability in time between fetal expulsion and expulsion of the placenta (30 min to > 24 h). This makes comparison of tissues samples across animals difficult and supports the need for serial tissue collections within animal. Additionally, the instrument most commonly used, a modified Richter-Resinsinger effeminator, for placentome collections is difficult to obtain and there are no data in the literature record regarding subsequent reproductive performance of animals subjected placentome collections. To facilitate continued research into the physiology behind placental separation, we designed an instrument from readily available components and performed serial transvaginal placentome collections in cattle. Three placentomes at 2-h intervals were collected after expulsion of the calf in 18 multiparous cows. There was no incidence of mortality and all cows resumed estrous after the procedure. Neither time from placentome collection nor age had a significant effect on pregnancy status at diagnosis (P > 0.05). These results demonstrate the viability of and utility of this device for collecting multiple placentomes in cattle. C1 [McNeel, Anthony K.; Cushman, Robert A.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Ondrak, Jeff D.] Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Great Plains Vet Educ Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP McNeel, AK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM anthony.mcneel@ars.usda.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 91 IS 5 BP 2119 EP 2121 DI 10.2527/jas.2012-5876 PG 3 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 154TA UT WOS:000319697600021 PM 23463561 ER PT J AU Vallet, JL Miles, JR Rempel, LA AF Vallet, J. L. Miles, J. R. Rempel, L. A. TI Effect of creatine supplementation during the last week of gestation on birth intervals, stillbirth, and preweaning mortality in pigs SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Digestive Physiology of Pigs CY MAY 29-JUN 01, 2012 CL Keystone, CO DE creatine; farrowing; myelin; preweaning mortality; stillbirth ID SMOOTH-MUSCLE; LITTER SIZE; SURVIVAL; KINASE; PIGLETS; BRAIN; SOWS; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; TRAITS; COMPARTMENTATION AB We hypothesized that creatine supplementation would reduce birth intervals, stillbirth rate, and preweaning survival in pigs because of its reported improvement of athletic performance in humans. In Exp. 1, gilts (n = 42) and first parity sows (n = 75) were mated at estrus. Beginning on d 110 of gestation, dams received either no treatment or 20 g creatine daily until farrowing. At farrowing in November 2008, pigs were monitored by video camera to determine individual piglet birth intervals. On d 1, piglets were weighed, euthanized, and the cerebellum, brain stem, and spinal cord were collected from the largest and smallest piglets in each litter to measure myelin basic proteins, myelin cholesterol, glucocerebrosides, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, and sphingomyelin. Preweaning mortality of the remaining piglets was recorded, including whether a piglet had been overlayed by the dam. A second experiment was performed using gilts (n = 90), farrowing in July 2010, to test differential effects of creatine supplementation during hot, humid weather when dams typically have more difficulty farrowing. Once again, gilts were provided either no supplementation or 20 g creatine daily from d 110 to the day of farrowing. Gilts were video recorded during farrowing, piglets were weighed on d 1, and preweaning mortality (including overlays) was recorded. In Exp. 1, creatine supplementation had no effect on birth intervals or stillbirth rate. Creatine supplementation improved the amount of myelin lipids in brain regions of piglets, particularly the brain stem. Creatine supplementation also reduced overlays of low birth weight piglets from gilts but not second parity sows. Data from Exp. 2 were combined with gilt data from Exp. 1 to examine the effect of creatine, season, and their interaction. There were no effects of treatment or season on birth intervals, stillbirth rates, or overall preweaning mortality. Creatine treatment reduced the incidence of overlays in low birth weight piglets in the combined data set. These results suggest that creatine supplementation improved myelination and may reduce the incidence of low birth weight piglets being crushed by the dam. C1 [Vallet, J. L.; Miles, J. R.; Rempel, L. A.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Vallet, JL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM Jeff.Vallet@ars.usda.gov NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 91 IS 5 BP 2122 EP 2132 DI 10.2527/jas.2012-5610 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 154TA UT WOS:000319697600022 PM 23463559 ER PT J AU Yunusova, RD Neville, TL Vonnahme, KA Hammer, CJ Reed, JJ Taylor, JB Redmer, DA Reynolds, LP Caton, JS AF Yunusova, R. D. Neville, T. L. Vonnahme, K. A. Hammer, C. J. Reed, J. J. Taylor, J. B. Redmer, D. A. Reynolds, L. P. Caton, J. S. TI Impacts of maternal selenium supply and nutritional plane on visceral tissues and intestinal biology in 180-day-old offspring in sheep SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Digestive Physiology of Pigs CY MAY 29-JUN 01, 2012 CL Keystone, CO DE developmental programming; glucagon-like peptide-2; intestinal growth; lambs; vascularization ID GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDE-2; PREGNANT EWE LAMBS; INTRAUTERINE GROWTH-RETARDATION; FINISHING BEEF STEERS; FETAL BODY-WEIGHT; ORGAN MASS; NUTRIENT RESTRICTION; DIETARY RESTRICTION; CELL-PROLIFERATION; ANGIOGENIC FACTORS AB Objectives were to investigate the effects of maternal Se supply and nutritional plane during gestation on offspring visceral tissues and indices of intestinal growth, vascularity, and function at 180 d of age. Rambouillet ewe lambs (n = 82, approximately 240 d of age; 52 +/- 0.8 kg BW at breeding) were allocated to a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement of treatments. Treatments included dietary Se [adequate Se (ASe, 9.5 mu g/kg BW) or high Se (HSe, 81.8 mu g/kg BW)] initiated at breeding and nutritional plane [60% (restricted, RES), 100% (control, CON), and 140% (high, HI) of requirements] initiated at d 50 of gestation. Ewes were fed pelleted diets and housed individually indoors. At parturition, lambs were immediately removed and fed artificial colostrum for the first 20 h followed by ad libitum access to milk replacer. At 180 +/- 2 d of age, lambs were euthanized and tissues were harvested. Birth weight was affected by nutritional treatments (P < 0.001), with decreased birth weight in RES and HI compared with CON. Offspring from RES and HI ewes had decreased (P = 0.07) blood volume compared with CON, and those born to HSe ewes had increased (P < 0.04) total visceral adiposity. Within offspring from CON ewes, those from HSe ewes had greater (P < 0.02) intestinal mass compared with ASe ewes. Within offspring from HSe ewes, both RES and HI had reduced (P <= 0.05) intestinal mass compared with CON. Jejunal capillary area density was greater (P = 0.08) in offspring from ewes fed HSe compared with ASe. In addition, area per capillary was greater (P <= 0.09) in CON compared with RES. Maternal nutritional plane tended (P <= 0.11) to alter total small intestinal vascularity, with lambs from CON being greater than RES. Expression of most mRNA for measured angiogenic factors and receptors was not altered (P <= 0.13) by maternal treatments; however, expression of glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) was decreased (P = 0.07) in offspring from RES compared with CON ewes. Offspring from ewes fed HI diets had increased (P = 0.08) jejunal mucosal maltase activity. In conclusion, maternal Se supply and nutritional plane during gestation resulted in measurable changes in offspring visceral tissues and intestinal biology, including perirenal fat, blood volume, intestinal mass, total jejunal crypt cell proliferation, area per capillary in jejunal villi, GLP2 mRNA expression, and maltase activity at 180 d. Additional work is needed to determine impacts on intestinal function and nutrient uptake. C1 [Yunusova, R. D.; Neville, T. L.; Vonnahme, K. A.; Hammer, C. J.; Reed, J. J.; Redmer, D. A.; Reynolds, L. P.; Caton, J. S.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ctr Nutr & Pregnancy, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Taylor, J. B.] ARS, USDA, US Sheep Expt Stn, Dubois, ID 83423 USA. RP Caton, JS (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ctr Nutr & Pregnancy, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. EM joel.caton@ndsu.edu RI Reynolds, Lawrence/I-5267-2015 OI Reynolds, Lawrence/0000-0002-6838-7809 FU National Research Initiative from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2005-35206-15281, 2009-35206-05253] FX This project was partially supported by National Research Initiative Competitive grants 2005-35206-15281 and 2009-35206-05253 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture to J.S.C., D. A. R., and K. A. V. and J.S.C., respectively. We thank members of the NDSU Nutrition, Reproductive Physiology, and Meats Laboratories for their assistance with animal care, tissue and data collection, and laboratory analysis. NR 81 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 91 IS 5 BP 2229 EP 2242 DI 10.2527/jas.2012-5134 PG 14 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 154TA UT WOS:000319697600033 PM 23463565 ER PT J AU Faciola, AP Broderick, GA AF Faciola, A. P. Broderick, G. A. TI Effects of feeding lauric acid on ruminal protozoa numbers, fermentation, and digestion and on milk production in dairy cows SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Digestive Physiology of Pigs CY MAY 29-JUN 01, 2012 CL Keystone, CO DE dairy cow; lauric acid; protozoa ID PURINE DERIVATIVES; PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS; CILIATE PROTOZOA; INTERNAL MARKERS; DIFFERENT DIETS; ALFALFA SILAGE; COCONUT OIL; NITROGEN; RUMEN; NUTRITION AB The objectives of this study were 1) to determine the level of lauric acid (LA) addition to the diet necessary to effectively suppress ruminal protozoa (RP) to the extent observed when a single dose was given directly into the rumen, 2) to assess LA effects on production and ruminal metabolism, and 3) to determine the time needed for RP to reestablish themselves after LA is withdrawn from the diet of lactating dairy cows. In Exp. 1, 2 Holstein cows fitted with ruminal cannulae were used in a split-plot design pilot study. Both cows consumed the same level of LA, starting with 0 g/d and increasing to 129, 270, and 438 g/d mixed into the diet. Diets were fed as total mixed ration (TMR) and contained (DM basis) 30% corn silage, 30% alfalfa silage, and 40% concentrate. Lauric acid intake linearly decreased DMI (P = 0.03), RP numbers (P < 0.01), ruminal acetate molar proportion (P = 0.03), and ruminal ammonia concentration (P = 0.03). Lauric acid intake linearly increased ruminal valerate molar proportion (P = 0.02). A quadratic response of LA consumption was observed on total ruminal VFA concentration (P < 0.01) and propionate molar proportion (P < 0.01), with maximum responses at 270 g/d of LA intake. A quadratic response of LA consumption was also observed on total ruminal free amino acid (TAA) concentration (P < 0.01), with minimum concentration at 270 g/d of LA intake. After withdrawing the greatest LA dose from the diet, RP returned to their original numbers in 12 d. In Exp. 2, 48 multiparous Holstein cows (8 with ruminal cannulae) were blocked by days in milk into 12 blocks of 4 cows (2 blocks of cannulated cows) and randomly assigned within replicated 4 x 4 Latin squares to balanced dietary treatment sequences. Diets were fed as TMR and contained (DM basis) 36% corn silage, 29% alfalfa silage, and 35% concentrate, and LA intake levels were 0, 220, 404, and 543 g/d mixed in the TMR. In Exp. 2, LA linearly reduced RP (P < 0.01), ruminal ammonia (P < 0.01), and total free AA concentration (P < 0.01); however, dietary LA also linearly decreased DM intake (P < 0.01). Intake of LA linearly reduced ruminal total VFA concentration (P < 0.01); DM, OM, NDF, and CP digestibility (P < 0.01); and milk production and milk components (P < 0.01). Therefore, LA does not appear to be a feasible RP suppressant for feeding in practical diets. C1 [Faciola, A. P.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Dairy Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Broderick, G. A.] ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, USDA, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Faciola, AP (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Agr Nutr & Vet Sci, Reno, NV 89557 USA. EM afaciola@cabnr.unr.edu NR 39 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 91 IS 5 BP 2243 EP 2253 DI 10.2527/jas.2012-5169 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 154TA UT WOS:000319697600034 PM 23463566 ER PT J AU Black, TE Bischoff, KM Mercadante, VRG Marquezini, GHL DiLorenzo, N Chase, CC Coleman, SW Maddock, TD Lamb, GC AF Black, T. E. Bischoff, K. M. Mercadante, V. R. G. Marquezini, G. H. L. DiLorenzo, N. Chase, C. C., Jr. Coleman, S. W. Maddock, T. D. Lamb, G. C. TI Relationships among performance, residual feed intake, and temperament assessed in growing beef heifers and subsequently as 3-year-old, lactating beef cows SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Digestive Physiology of Pigs CY MAY 29-JUN 01, 2012 CL Keystone, CO DE beef cattle; feed efficiency; milk production; residual feed intake ID PHENOTYPIC RELATIONSHIPS; CARCASS MERIT; EFFICIENCY; CATTLE; GROWTH; ANGUS; PRODUCTIVITY; TRAITS; BULLS; ULTRASOUND AB Seventy-four beef heifers were used to evaluate relationships among performance, residual feed intake (RFI), and temperament measured as growing heifers (Phase 1) and subsequently as 3-yr-old lactating beef cows (Phase 2) in the same cohort. In both phases, females were housed in a covered facility and fed similar forage-based diets, and individual feed intakes, BW, BCS, chute scores (CS), exit velocities (EV), and pen scores (PS) were collected throughout the 70-d feeding trials. In Phase 2, cows were milked on trial d 14 (lactation d 28 +/- 3.5) and trial d 70 (lactation d 84 +/- 3.5) to determine energy-corrected milk (ECM) production. Ultrasonic backfat thickness (BF), and ribeye area (REA) were evaluated on d 0 and 70 of the trial in Phase 2. Heifers were ranked by RFI and placed into Low (< 0.5 SD mean RFI; n = 27), Medium (within +/- 0.5 SD; n = 23), and High (> 0.5 SD mean RFI; n = 24) RFI groups. Body weight, BCS, and ADG were similar among all RFI groups; however, daily DMI differed for all groups (P < 0.01) and was greater (10.76 +/- 0.24 kg/d) for High, intermediate (9.88 +/- 0.25 kg/d) for Medium, and less (8.52 +/- 0.23 kg/d) for Low RFI heifers. When cow performance was analyzed based on RFI rank as heifers, BW, BCS, ADG, RFI, d 14 and d 70 ECM, BF, and REA were similar among RFI groups; however, cows that were most efficient as heifers (Low) had decreased (P < 0.05) daily DMI values (10.30 +/- 0.41 kg/d) compared with cows that ranked Medium (11.60 +/- 0.44 kg/d) or High (11.50 +/- 0.43 kg/d) as heifers. The Pearson rank correlation between Phase 1 and 2 RFI was r = 0.13 (P = 0.30), and Pearson rank correlations showed no relationship (P > 0.1) between RFI and temperament. Phase 1 CS was negatively associated with ADG in Phase 1 (r = - 0.28; P = 0.02) and 2 (r = - 0.32; P = 0.01), and positively associated with d 14 (r = 0.24; P = 0.04) and 70 (r = 0.25; P = 0.03) ECM. Phase 2 CS was negatively associated with Phase 2 ADG (r = - 0.29; P = 0.01) and positively associated with d 14 (r = 0.46; P = 0.001) and 70 (r = 0.33; P = 0.004) ECM. Phase 2 PS also tended to be negatively associated with DMI in Phase 1 (r = - 0.20; P = 0.096) and 2 (r = - 0.20; P = 0.08). In this study, heifers that were most feed efficient subsequently consumed less feed as lactating cows and maintained similar performance. Feed efficiency was not associated with differences in temperament; however, more excitable females had poorer BW gains and tended to have reduced feed intakes but produced more ECM. C1 [Black, T. E.; Bischoff, K. M.; Mercadante, V. R. G.; Marquezini, G. H. L.; DiLorenzo, N.; Maddock, T. D.; Lamb, G. C.] Univ Florida, North Florida Res & Educ Ctr, Dept Anim Sci, Marianna, FL 32446 USA. [Chase, C. C., Jr.; Coleman, S. W.] ARS, USDA, SubTrop Agr Res Stn, Brooksville, FL 34601 USA. RP Lamb, GC (reprint author), Univ Florida, North Florida Res & Educ Ctr, Dept Anim Sci, Marianna, FL 32446 USA. EM gclamb@ufl.edu RI Mercadante, Vitor/O-3856-2014 OI Mercadante, Vitor/0000-0001-5584-1753 NR 37 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 25 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 91 IS 5 BP 2254 EP 2263 DI 10.2527/jas.2012-5242 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 154TA UT WOS:000319697600035 PM 23463567 ER PT J AU Aiken, GE Strickland, JR AF Aiken, G. E. Strickland, J. R. TI FORAGES AND PASTURES SYMPOSIUM: Managing the tall fescue-fungal endophyte symbiosis for optimum forage-animal production SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE endophytes; fescue toxicosis; grazing; Lolium arundinaceum; Neotyphodium coenophialum; tall fescue ID ERGOT ALKALOID CONCENTRATIONS; LATERAL SAPHENOUS VEINS; MEFLUIDIDE TREATMENT; STEER PERFORMANCE; INFECTED FESCUE; ERGOPEPTINE ALKALOIDS; PERENNIAL RYEGRASS; SERUM PROLACTIN; STOCKER CATTLE; CAUDAL ARTERY AB Alkaloids produced by the fungal endophyte (Neotyphodium coenophialum) that infects tall fescue [Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.) Darbysh.] are a paradox to cattle production. Although certain alkaloids impart tall fescue with tolerances to environmental stresses, such as moisture, heat, and herbivory, ergot alkaloids produced by the endophyte can induce fescue toxicosis, a malady that adversely affects animal production and physiology. Hardiness and persistence of tall fescue under limited management can be attributed to the endophyte, but the trade-off is reduced cattle production from consumption of ergot alkaloids produced by the endophyte. Improved understanding and knowledge of this endophyte-grass complex has facilitated development of technologies and management systems that can either mitigate or completely alleviate fescue toxicosis. This review discusses the research results that have led to development of 5 management approaches to either reduce the severity of fescue toxicosis or alleviate it altogether. Three approaches manipulate the endophyte-tall fescue complex to reduce or alleviate ergot alkaloids: 1) use of heavy grazing intensities, 2) replacing the toxic endophyte with nonergot alkaloid-producing endophytes, and 3) chemical suppression of seed head emergence. The remaining 2 management options do not affect ergot alkaloid concentrations in fescue tissues but are used 1) to avoid grazing of tall fescue with increased ergot alkaloid concentrations in the late spring and summer by moving cattle to warm-season grass pasture and 2) to dilute dietary alkaloids by interseeding clovers or feeding supplements. C1 [Aiken, G. E.; Strickland, J. R.] ARS, USDA, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. RP Aiken, GE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. EM glen.aiken@ars.usda.gov NR 90 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 27 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 91 IS 5 BP 2369 EP 2378 DI 10.2527/jas.2012-5948 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 154TA UT WOS:000319697600045 PM 23307847 ER PT J AU Hogg, AC Gause, K Hofer, P Martin, JM Graybosch, RA Hansen, LE Giroux, MJ AF Hogg, A. C. Gause, K. Hofer, P. Martin, J. M. Graybosch, R. A. Hansen, L. E. Giroux, M. J. TI Creation of a high-amylose durum wheat through mutagenesis of starch synthase II (SSIIa) SO JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Starch; Amylose; Wheat; RNA-seq ID APPARENT HIGH AMYLOSE; RESISTANT STARCH; BOWEL HEALTH; PROTEIN; GENES; BARLEY; EXPRESSION; MUTATIONS; ENDOSPERM; VARIETY AB In cereal seeds, mutations in one or more starch synthases lead to decreased amylopectin and increased amylose content. Here, the impact of starch synthase ha (SSIIa or SGP-1) mutations upon durum starch was investigated. A screen of durum accessions identified two lines lacking SGP-A1, the A genome copy of SGP-1. The two lines were determined to carry a 29 bp deletion in the first exon of SSIIa. The SGP-A1 nulls were crossed with the durum variety 'Mountrail' and F-5 derived SGP-A1 null progeny lines were treated with EMS. From each EMS population, one SGP-B1 null mutation was recovered with each being a missense mutation. Each of the SGP-1 nulls was found to have large increases in amylose content and reduced binding of SGP-2 and SGP-3 to the interior of starch granules. RNA-Seq was used to examine the impact the loss of SGP-1 has upon other starch biosynthetic genes. Significant increases in transcript levels of several starch biosynthetic genes were observed in SGP-1 nulls relative to Mountrail. The resultant high amylose durums may prove useful in the creation of value added pasta with increased firmness and reduced glycemic index. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hogg, A. C.; Gause, K.; Hofer, P.; Martin, J. M.; Giroux, M. J.] Montana State Univ, Dept Plant Sci & Plant Pathol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Graybosch, R. A.; Hansen, L. E.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Giroux, MJ (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Dept Plant Sci & Plant Pathol, 119 Plant Biosci Bldg, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. EM mgiroux@montana.edu FU Dow AgroSciences; Montana Agricultural Experiment Station FX This research was funded by Dow AgroSciences and the Montana Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 31 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 32 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0733-5210 J9 J CEREAL SCI JI J. Cereal Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 57 IS 3 BP 377 EP 383 DI 10.1016/j.jcs.2013.01.001 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 154AU UT WOS:000319644700023 ER PT J AU Blechl, AE Vensel, WH AF Blechl, Ann E. Vensel, William H. TI Variant high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits arising from biolistic transformation of wheat SO JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Transgenic; 1Dx5; 1Dy10; Tandem mass spectrometry ID TRANSGENIC WHEAT; DOUGH FUNCTIONALITY; MIXING PROPERTIES; STATISTICAL-MODEL; BAKING PROPERTIES; BREAD WHEAT; HMW SUBUNIT; EXPRESSION; GENES; LINES AB Genetic transformation via the biolistic method has been used to introduce genes encoding natural and novel high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) into wheat. The appearance of new seed proteins of sizes not predicted by the transgene coding sequences was noted in some experiments. In this report, the identities of thirteen of these novel proteins were determined by tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Seven different proteins larger than and two proteins smaller than the native protein were shown to contain peptides from 1Dx5. A novel protein found in some progeny of crosses between a transgenic plant and Great Plains winter wheats was larger than but contained several peptides from 1Dy10. In one line, a protein larger than and a protein smaller than HMW-GS each contained peptides from the N- and C-terminus of 1Dx5 and from the repeat region of 1Dy10. In a sixth transgenic line, the native Bx7 gene was apparently replaced by a gene that encodes a larger version of 1Bx7. The variant proteins accumulate in the polymeric protein fraction, indicating that they can form inter-molecular disulfide bonds. These results show that novel proteins found in some transformants are encoded by altered versions of either the transforming or endogenous HMW-GS genes. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Blechl, Ann E.; Vensel, William H.] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Blechl, AE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM ann.blechl@ars.usda.gov OI Vensel, William/0000-0001-9454-2705 FU USDA Agricultural Research Service CRIS projects [5325-21430-012-00D, 5325-43000-028-00D] FX We thank Jeanie Lin for expert technical assistance. We thank Robert Graybosch and William Hurkman for critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by USDA Agricultural Research Service CRIS projects 5325-21430-012-00D and 5325-43000-028-00D. References to a company and/or product by the USDA are only for purposes of information and do not imply approval or recommendation of the product to the exclusion of others that may also be suitable. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 30 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 17 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0733-5210 J9 J CEREAL SCI JI J. Cereal Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 57 IS 3 BP 496 EP 503 DI 10.1016/j.jcs.2013.02.005 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 154AU UT WOS:000319644700039 ER PT J AU Shen, CL Chyu, MC Cao, JJ Yeh, JK AF Shen, Chwan-Li Chyu, Ming-Chien Cao, Jay J. Yeh, James K. TI Green Tea Polyphenols Improve Bone Microarchitecture in High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obese Female Rats Through Suppressing Bone Formation and Erosion SO JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL FOOD LA English DT Article DE bone histomorphometry; green tea; high-fat; micro-CT; obesity; rat ID CORTICAL BONE; MASS; OSTEOPOROSIS; MICE AB This study evaluates the effects of green tea polyphenols (GTPs) on bone microarchitecture in high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obese female rats. Thirty-six 3-month-old female rats were fed either a control diet or a HFD for 4 months. Animals in the control group continued on the control diet for another 4 months. Animals in the HFD group were divided into two groups, with 0.5 g/100mL GTP (the HFD + GTP group) or without GTP (the HFD group) in drinking water, in addition to the HFD for another 4 months. Compared to the control group, the HFD group increased bone formation and erosion rates at the tibia, decreased trabecular volume and thickness, but had no impact on bone mineral density (BMD), trabecular number (Tb.N), and separation. Compared to the control group, the HFD + GTP group demonstrates a greater Tb.N at the proximal tibia, and a greater trabecular thickness at the femur and the lumbar vertebrae, but a smaller trabecular separation (Tb.Sp) and mineralizing surface at the proximal tibia, and a reduced endocortical mineral apposition rate (MAR) at the tibia shaft. Relative to the HFD group, the HFD + GTP group demonstrates (1) a higher BMD at the femur, a greater trabecular volume, thickness, and number at the proximal tibia, a larger cortical area and thickness at the tibial shaft, and a greater trabecular volume and thickness at the femur and the lumbar vertebrae, (2) a smaller Tb.Sp, MAR, bone formation rate, and eroded surface at the tibia. We concluded that GTP supplementation in drinking water improves bone microarchitecture in the HFD-induced obese female rats, possibly through suppressing bone turnover, resulting in a larger net bone volume. C1 [Shen, Chwan-Li] Texas Tech Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, Lubbock, TX 79430 USA. [Shen, Chwan-Li] Texas Tech Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Laura W Bush Inst Womens Hlth, Lubbock, TX 79430 USA. [Chyu, Ming-Chien] Texas Tech Univ, Coll Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Cao, Jay J.] USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, ARS, Grand Forks, ND USA. [Yeh, James K.] Winthrop Univ Hosp, Osteoporosis Diagnost Res & Treatment Ctr, Mineola, NY 11501 USA. RP Shen, CL (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, BB 198,3601 4th St, Lubbock, TX 79430 USA. EM leslie.shen@ttuhsc.edu FU Laura W. Bush Institute for Women's Health; Winthrop-University Hospital; USDA Agricultural Research Service CRIS program [5450-51000-046-00D, 5450-51000-039-00D] FX This study was supported by the Laura W. Bush Institute for Women's Health and Winthrop-University Hospital (C.L.S.), and partially supported by the USDA Agricultural Research Service CRIS program 5450-51000-046-00D and 5450-51000-039-00D (J.J.C.). We thank Raul Y. Dagda (Department of Pathology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas) for the animal care involved in this study. NR 27 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 11 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1096-620X J9 J MED FOOD JI J. Med. Food PD MAY PY 2013 VL 16 IS 5 BP 421 EP 427 DI 10.1089/jmf.2012.0199 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 148PF UT WOS:000319256900007 PM 23631490 ER PT J AU Gao, JT Radwan, MM Leon, F Dale, OR Husni, AS Wu, YS Lupien, S Wang, XN Manly, SP Hill, RA Dugan, FM Cutler, HG Cutler, SJ AF Gao, Jiangtao Radwan, Mohamed M. Leon, Francisco Dale, Olivia Reed Husni, Afeef S. Wu, Yunshan Lupien, Shari Wang, Xiaoning Manly, Susan P. Hill, Robert A. Dugan, Frank M. Cutler, Horace G. Cutler, Stephen J. TI Neocosmospora sp.-Derived Resorcylic Acid Lactones with in Vitro Binding Affinity for Human Opioid and Cannabinoid Receptors SO JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS LA English DT Article AB Bioassay-guided fractionation of a fungus Neocosmospora sp. (UM-031509) resulted in the isolation of three new resorcylic acid lactones, neocosmosin A (2), neocosmosin B (3), and neocosmosin C (4). Three known resorcylic acid lactones, monocillin IV (1), monocillin II (5), and radicicol (6), were also isolated and identified. The structures of these compounds were established on the basis of extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analysis, mass spectrometric (ESIMS) data, and X-ray crystallography. Compounds 4-6 show good binding affinity for the human opioid receptors. These findings have important implications for evaluating the potential psychoactive effects with this class of compounds. C1 [Gao, Jiangtao; Leon, Francisco; Dale, Olivia Reed; Husni, Afeef S.; Wu, Yunshan; Wang, Xiaoning; Cutler, Stephen J.] Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Dept Med Chem, University, MS 38677 USA. [Radwan, Mohamed M.; Manly, Susan P.; Cutler, Stephen J.] Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA. [Lupien, Shari; Dugan, Frank M.] Washington State Univ, Western Reg Plant Intro Stn, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Hill, Robert A.] Lincoln Univ, Natl Ctr Adv Bioprotect Technol, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand. [Cutler, Horace G.] Mercer Univ, Nat Prod Discovery Grp, Coll Pharm & Hlth Sci, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Cutler, SJ (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Dept Med Chem, University, MS 38677 USA. EM cutler@olemiss.edu RI wang, xiaoning/B-9133-2015; OI wang, xiaoning/0000-0001-7877-9964; Hill, Robert/0000-0001-7996-7887; Radwan, Mohamed/0000-0002-7393-8601; Leon, Francisco/0000-0002-5064-2381 FU National Center for Research Resources (NCRR), component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) [5P20RR021929]; National Institute of General Medical Sciences, component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) [9P20GM104932-06]; NIH National Center for Research Resources [C06 RR-14503-01] FX The project described was supported by Grant No. 5P20RR021929 from the National Center for Research Resources (NCRR) and 9P20GM104932-06 from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences, components of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Center for Research Resources or the National Institutes of Health. Furthermore, this investigation was conducted in a facility constructed with support from research facilities improvement program C06 RR-14503-01 from the NIH National Center for Research Resources. The authors are grateful to C. Gemelli for his assistance in performing the membrane preparations for the opioid assays. The opioid receptors were a generous gift from Dr. B. Roth, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. NR 12 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 4 U2 18 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0163-3864 J9 J NAT PROD JI J. Nat. Prod. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 76 IS 5 BP 824 EP 828 DI 10.1021/np300653d PG 5 WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 154DB UT WOS:000319650600002 PM 23659286 ER PT J AU Sparks, ME Blackburn, MB Kuhar, D Gundersen-Rindal, DE AF Sparks, Michael E. Blackburn, Michael B. Kuhar, Daniel Gundersen-Rindal, Dawn E. TI Transcriptome of the Lymantria dispar (Gypsy Moth) Larval Midgut in Response to Infection by Bacillus thuringiensis SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID HELIOTHIS-VIRESCENS LEPIDOPTERA; CRYSTAL PROTEINS; CRY1AB TOXIN; ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDE; SPODOPTERA-EXIGUA; MANDUCA-SEXTA; BOMBYX-MORI; PRE-PORE; GLOVERIN; RECEPTOR AB Transcriptomic profiles of the serious lepidopteran insect pest Lymantria dispar (gypsy moth) were characterized in the larval midgut in response to infection by Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki, a biopesticide commonly used for its control. RNA-Seq approaches were used to define a set of 49,613 assembled transcript sequences, of which 838, 1,248 and 3,305 were respectively partitioned into high-, mid- and low-quality tiers on the basis of homology information. Digital gene expression profiles suggested genes differentially expressed at 24 hours post infection, and qRT-PCR analyses were performed for verification. The differentially expressed genes primarily associated with digestive function, including alpha-amylase, lipase and carboxypeptidase; immune response, including C-type lectin 4; developmental genes such as arylphorin; as well as a variety of binding proteins: cellular retinoic acid binding protein (lipid-binding), insulin-related peptide binding protein (protein-binding) and ovary C/EBPg transcription factor (nucleic acid-binding). This is the first study conducted to specifically investigate gypsy moth response to a bacterial infection challenge using large-scale sequencing technologies, and the results highlight important genes that could be involved in biopesticide resistance development or could serve as targets for biologically-based control mechanisms of this insect pest. C1 [Sparks, Michael E.; Blackburn, Michael B.; Kuhar, Daniel; Gundersen-Rindal, Dawn E.] USDA ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Gundersen-Rindal, DE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. EM dawn.gundersen-rindal@ars.usda.gov RI Luan, Gan/B-3211-2015 FU United States Department of Agriculture FX This research was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture and conducted by the authors as part of their duties. As employees of the US Department of Agriculture, the Federal Government was responsible for study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, and preparation of the manuscript. NR 51 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 114 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 1 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 5 AR UNSP e61190 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0061190 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 147KY UT WOS:000319167000008 PM 23658687 ER PT J AU Perryman, KR Olanrewaju, H Dozier, WA AF Perryman, K. R. Olanrewaju, H. Dozier, W. A., III TI Growth performance and meat yields of broiler chickens fed diets containing low and ultra-low oligosaccharide soybean meals during a 6-week production period SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE oligosaccharide; soybean meal; broiler; growth; carcass ID AMINO-ACID DENSITY; APPARENT METABOLIZABLE ENERGY; NONSTARCH POLYSACCHARIDES; PROTEIN-CONCENTRATE; FOOTPAD DERMATITIS; LIVE PERFORMANCE; LITTER MOISTURE; FATTY-ACIDS; WET LITTER; RESPONSES AB Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of diets containing low oligosaccharide soybean meals (SBM) on growth performance, meat yields, and physiological variables of broilers during a 6-wk production period. In experiment 1, six hundred Ross x Ross 708 male chicks were randomly distributed to 24 floor pens (25 birds per pen; 0.09 m(2) per bird at 1 d of age). Birds were fed corn-soybean meal-poultry by-product meal-based diets with either low oligosaccharide (LOSBM) or control SBM (CSBM) from 1 to 40 d of age. In experiment 2, one thousand five hundred Ross x Ross 708 male chicks were randomly distributed to 60 floor pens (25 birds per pen; 0.09 m(2) per bird at 1 d of age). Broilers were fed corn-soybean meal-poultry by-product meal-based diets containing 1 of 3 SBM sources [CSBM, LOSBM, or ultra-low oligosaccharide SBM (ULSBM)] and formulated with moderate or reduced AME(n) concentrations (25 kcal/kg reduction) resulting in a 3 x 2 factorial design. Diets were formulated using AME(n) and digestible amino acid values determined from previous research utilizing the same SBM types. Variables measured consisted of BW gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, mortality, carcass weight and yield, abdominal fat percentage, total breast meat weight and yield, digesta viscosities and pH, plasma nonesterfied fatty acids, plasma glucose, and plasma triglycerides. In experiment 1, broilers fed diets containing LOSBM had increased BW gain (P = 0.020) and decreased (P < 0.001) feed conversion from 1 to 14 d of age. Abdominal fat percentage was higher (P < 0.001) for birds fed LOSBM vs. CSBM. In experiment 2, no differences were observed for interaction effects or main effects of energy concentration. Feed conversion ratio was lower (P < 0.001) for broilers fed diets containing ULSBM vs. LOSBM and CSBM from 1 to 28 and 1 to 42 d of age. Broilers fed diets formulated with ULSBM had higher (P < 0.05) carcass yield vs. birds fed diets with CSBM. Total breast yield was higher (P = 0.021) for birds fed diets containing LOSBM and ULSBM vs. CSBM. Abdominal fat percentage was higher (P = 0.027) for broilers fed diets containing LOSBM vs. CSBM. Diets formulated with LOSBM and ULSBM required approximately 45% less supplemental fat, and broilers fed these diets exhibited no adverse effects on growth performance and meat yields compared with broilers fed diets containing CSBM. C1 [Perryman, K. R.; Dozier, W. A., III] Auburn Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Olanrewaju, H.] ARS, USDA, Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Dozier, WA (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM bill.dozier@auburn.edu FU United Soybean Board (Chesterfield, MO) FX The authors express appreciation to eMerge Genetics (West Des Moines, IA) for providing the experimental soybean meals and to the United Soybean Board (Chesterfield, MO) for funding this research. NR 56 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 12 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 92 IS 5 BP 1292 EP 1304 DI 10.3382/ps.2012-02723 PG 13 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 149KM UT WOS:000319318300018 PM 23571339 ER PT J AU Bowker, BC Zhuang, H AF Bowker, B. C. Zhuang, H. TI Relationship between muscle exudate protein composition and broiler breast meat quality SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE drip loss; exudate; meat quality; protein; sarcoplasmic ID WATER-HOLDING CAPACITY; SARCOPLASMIC PROTEINS; EXTRACELLULAR-SPACE; CENTRIFUGAL DRIP; PECTORALIS MAJOR; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; COLOR VARIATION; CHICKEN MUSCLE; SHELF-LIFE; PH DECLINE AB The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between meat quality and the protein content and composition of muscle exudate from broiler breast fillets. Deboned breast fillets (n = 48) were obtained from a commercial processing facility and segregated into 2 groups based on color (light and dark). Meat pH, color, moisture content, 3 measures of water-holding capacity (drip loss, salt-induced water uptake, cook loss), protein solubility, and the protein content of muscle exudates were determined in breast fillets. The protein composition of the muscle exudate was evaluated using SDS-PAGE analysis. Light breast fillets had lower meat pH (4 and 24 h postmortem) and higher L* (lightness) and b* (yellowness) values than dark fillets. Light breast fillets exhibited greater drip loss after 2 and 7 d of storage, lower salt-induced water uptake, and higher cook loss than dark fillets. Neither sarcoplasmic nor total protein solubility differed between light and dark fillets. Protein concentration of muscle exudates was greater in dark fillets and was negatively correlated to drip loss after 2 d of storage (r = -0.50) and salt-induced water uptake (r = 0.42). Electrophoretic protein banding patterns were similar between muscle exudates and sarcoplasmic protein extracts. Gel electrophoresis data from muscle exudates showed that the relative abundance of 4 bands corresponding to 225, 165, 90, and 71 kDa was higher in dark breast fillets. The relative abundance of 3 bands corresponding to 47, 43, and 39 kDa was higher in light breast fillets. Muscle pH and measurements of water-holding capacity were significantly correlated to the abundance of several individual protein bands within the protein profile of muscle exudates. Data from this study showed that protein differences in breast muscle exudates are related to meat pH, color, and water-holding capacity and suggest that muscle exudate could be a potential source of protein markers for fresh meat quality attributes in broiler fillets. C1 [Bowker, B. C.; Zhuang, H.] ARS, USDA, Richard Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Bowker, BC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Richard Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM brian.bowker@ars.usda.gov NR 41 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 22 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 EI 1525-3171 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 92 IS 5 BP 1385 EP 1392 DI 10.3382/ps.2012-02806 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 149KM UT WOS:000319318300029 PM 23571350 ER PT J AU Zhuang, H Bowker, BC Buhr, RJ Bourassa, DV Kiepper, BH AF Zhuang, Hong Bowker, Brian C. Buhr, R. Jeff Bourassa, Dianna V. Kiepper, Brian H. TI Effects of broiler carcass scalding and chilling methods on quality of early-deboned breast fillets SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE broiler; breast meat; scalding; chilling; quality ID EVAPORATIVE AIR; MEAT QUALITY; TURKEY MEAT; COLOR; IMMERSION; WATER AB The impact of scalding and chilling methods on quality of broiler breast fillets (pectoralis major) was evaluated. In 4 replications, 6- to 7-wk-old male and female broilers were slaughtered and scalded either at 60 degrees C for 1.5 min (hard scalding) or 52.8 degrees C for 3 min (soft scalding). Following evisceration, the carcasses were either air-chilled (0.5 degrees C, 120 min) or immersion-chilled in water and ice (79 L/carcass, 0.5 degrees C, 40 min, air agitated). Breast fillets were removed from the carcass within 4 h postmortem. Quality attributes including fillet color (both dorsal-bone and ventral-skin sides), pH, total moisture content, water-holding capacity (drip loss and cook loss), and Warner-Bratzler shear force were determined. Significant interactions between replication and scalding were found for pH, ventral side redness (a*) value, and cook loss and between replication and chilling for pH and ventral side a* and yellowness (b*) values. There were no interactions (P > 0.05) between chilling and scalding methods for any of the measurements. Immersion chilling resulted in higher (P < 0.05) ventral side lightness (L*) values, dorsal side b* values, drip loss, cook loss, and shear force compared with air chilling. No significant differences (P > 0.05) between the 2 scalding methods were observed for any of the quality attributes. These results indicate that broiler carcass chilling method has a much greater impact on quality of breast meat than scalding method and that the influence of chilling on breast meat quality is independent of scalding treatment. C1 [Zhuang, Hong; Bowker, Brian C.; Buhr, R. Jeff; Bourassa, Dianna V.] ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Kiepper, Brian H.] Univ Georgia, Dept Poultry Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Zhuang, H (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM hong.zhuang@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 11 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 92 IS 5 BP 1393 EP 1399 DI 10.3382/ps.2012-02814 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 149KM UT WOS:000319318300030 PM 23571351 ER PT J AU Bansal, S Hallsby, G Lofvenius, MO Nilsson, MC AF Bansal, Sheel Hallsby, Goran Lofvenius, Mikael O. Nilsson, Marie-Charlotte TI Synergistic, additive and antagonistic impacts of drought and herbivory on Pinus sylvestris: leaf, tissue and whole-plant responses and recovery SO TREE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE boreal forest; disturbance; photosynthesis; pine weevil; Scots pine; seedlings; stressors ID NORWAY SPRUCE SEEDLINGS; ECOLOGICAL SURPRISES; ENVIRONMENTAL-STRESS; MULTIPLE STRESSORS; FOREST TREES; MECHANISMS; MORTALITY; DYNAMICS; WEEVIL; GROWTH AB Forests typically experience a mix of anthropogenic, natural and climate-induced stressors of different intensities, creating a mosaic of stressor combinations across the landscape. When multiple stressors co-occur, their combined impact on plant growth is often greater than expected based on single-factor studies (i.e., synergistic), potentially causing catastrophic dysfunction of physiological processes from an otherwise recoverable situation. Drought and herbivory are two stressors that commonly co-occur in forested ecosystems, and have the potential to 'overlap' in their impacts on various plant traits and processes. However, the combined impacts from these two stressors may not be predictable based on additive models from single-stressor studies. Moreover, the impacts and subsequent recovery may be strongly influenced by the relative intensities of each stressor. Here, we applied drought stress and simulated bark-feeding herbivory at three levels of intensity (control, moderate and severe) in a full factorial design on young Pinus sylvestris L. seedlings. We assessed if the combined effects from two stressors were additive (responses were equal to the sum of the single-factor effects), synergistic (greater than expected) or antagonistic (less than expected) on a suite of morphological and physiological traits at the leaf-, tissue- and whole-plant level. We additionally investigated whether recovery from herbivory was dependent on relief from drought. The two stressors had synergistic impacts on specific leaf area and water-use efficiency, additive effects on height and root-to-shoot ratios, but antagonistic effects on photosynthesis, conductance and, most notably, on root, shoot and whole-plant biomass. Nevertheless, the magnitude and direction of the combined impacts were often dependent on the relative intensities of each stressor, leading to many additive or synergistic responses from specific stressor combinations. Also, seedling recovery was far more dependent on the previous year's drought compared with the previous year's herbivory, demonstrating the influence of one stressor over another during recovery. Our study reveals for the first time, the importance of not only the presence or absence of drought and herbivory stressors, but also shows that their relative intensities are critical in determining the direction and magnitude of their impacts on establishing seedlings. C1 [Bansal, Sheel; Hallsby, Goran; Lofvenius, Mikael O.; Nilsson, Marie-Charlotte] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Forest Ecol & Management, S-90183 Umea, Sweden. RP Bansal, S (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR 97720 USA. EM sheelbansal9@gmail.com RI Nilsson Hegethorn, Marie-Charlotte/B-1802-2017; OI Nilsson Hegethorn, Marie-Charlotte/0000-0002-9254-2223; Bansal, Sheel/0000-0003-1233-1707 FU Anna och Nils Hakanssons Stiftelse; SLU FX This work was supported by a grant from Anna och Nils Hakanssons Stiftelse and an SLU grant to M.-C.N. NR 63 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 5 U2 52 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0829-318X J9 TREE PHYSIOL JI Tree Physiol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 33 IS 5 BP 451 EP 463 DI 10.1093/treephys/tpt019 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 150ZR UT WOS:000319430900002 PM 23525156 ER PT J AU Chu, B Anderson, SH Goyne, KW Lin, CH Lerch, RN AF Chu, Bei Anderson, Stephen H. Goyne, Keith W. Lin, Chung-Ho Lerch, Robert N. TI Sulfa methazine Transport in Agroforestry and Cropland Soils SO VADOSE ZONE JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SULFONAMIDE ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS; BACTERIAL ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; MODEL HUMIC CONSTITUENTS; VETERINARY ANTIBIOTICS; DEGRADATION KINETICS; CLAY-MINERALS; PIG MANURE; SORPTION; SULFADIAZINE; SULFADIMETHOXINE AB Knowledge of veterinary antibiotic (VA)transport and persistence is critical to understanding environmental risks associated with these potential contaminants. To understand mobility of sulfamethazine (SMZ) and sorption processes involved during SMZ transport in soil, batch sorption experiments were conducted and column leaching experiments were performed with repacked soil columns containing silt loam soils collected from cropland (Crop) and an agroforestry (AGF) vegetative buffer system. Bromide (Br) was applied as a nonreactive tracer to characterize the flow of water. Radio-labeled (C-14) SMZ with or without 150 mg L-1 of manure-derived dissolved organic carbon (DOC), was added as a pulse and leaching of the compounds was monitored for 21 d. Sulfamethazine concentration in the leachate was monitored using a liquid scintillation counter and high performance liquid chromatography analysis confirmed absence of SMZ degradation product in the leachate. Breakthrough curves of SMZ and Br were constructed for each column. Bromide breakthrough curves were fitted with a convection/dispersion based transport equilibrium model with no sorption, whereas SMZ breakthrough curves were fitted with multisite sorption chemical nonequilibrium transport models with linear or Freundlich sorption components. Results indicated that the three-site model containing two reversible sites (one instantaneous and one kinetic) and one irreversible site coupled with the Freundlich sorption component (3S2R-Freu-irrev model) best described SMZ transport through the columns with model efficiencies of 0.998, 0.994, and 0.991 for AGE, AGE + DOC and Crop soils, respectively. No difference or small difference between fitted sorption parameters, such as the linear sorption coefficient (K-d), Freundlich sorption coefficient (K-f), and Freundlich nonlinearity parameter (N), and those obtained from equilibrium sorption experiments was observed. Data from equilibrium sorption experiments and column transport experiments suggested that the AGF soil was able to retain a larger quantity of SMZ than the Crop soil, and DOC had little effect on SMZ sorption or leaching. Greater SMZ retention by the AGF soil compared to the Crop soil suggests that vegetative buffers may be a viable means to mitigate VA loss from agroecosystems. C1 [Chu, Bei; Anderson, Stephen H.; Goyne, Keith W.] Univ Missouri, Dep Soil Environm & Atmospher Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Lin, Chung-Ho] Univ Missouri, Ctr Agroforestry, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Lerch, Robert N.] ARS, USDA, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Anderson, SH (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dep Soil Environm & Atmospher Sci, 302 ABNR Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM andersons@missouri.edu FU University of Missouri Center for Agroforestry [58-6227-2-008, 58-6227-5-029]; USDA-ARS FX This work was partially funded through the University of Missouri Center for Agroforestry under cooperative agreements 58-6227-2-008 and 58-6227-5-029 with the USDA-ARS. Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the US Department of Agriculture. We thank current and former faculty and staff of the University of Missouri Research Stations or developing and maintaining the experimental sites sampled for this work. Gratitude is also expressed to staff at the USDA Cropping Systems and Water Quality Research Unit for analytical assistance. NR 64 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 29 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1539-1663 J9 VADOSE ZONE J JI Vadose Zone J. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 12 IS 2 DI 10.2136/vzj2012.0124 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 150LX UT WOS:000319393200009 ER PT J AU Cosh, MH Jackso, TJ Smith, C Toth, B Berg, AA AF Cosh, Michael H. Jackso, Thomas J. Smith, Craig Toth, Brenda Berg, Aaron A. TI Validating the BERMS in situ Soil Water Content Data Record with a Large Scale Temporary Network SO VADOSE ZONE JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID MOISTURE; STABILITY; MISSION; CLIMATE; CANADA AB Calibration and validation of soil moisture satellite products requires data records of large spatial and temporal extent and for diverse land cover types. Obtaining these data, especially for forests, can be challenging. These challenges can include the remoteness of the locations and expense of equipment. The Boreal Ecosystem Research and Monitoring Sites (BERMS) network in Saskatchewan, Canada, is a long-term ecosystem network which includes five soil water content profile stations. These stations provide a critical but incomplete view of the soil water content patterns across a study domain of 10,000 square km; however, the representativeness of these observations for this purpose has not yet been evaluated. In coordination with the Canadian Experiment-Soil Moisture 2010 (CANEX-SM10), a temporary network of surface soil water content sensors was installed during the summer of 2010 to enhance the data resources of the BERMS network. This short term data record was then used as a basis for up-scaling and validating the BERMS network. This large domain is approximately 1200 square km and provides a higher confidence because of the increased number of sampling sites. Using temporal stability analysis, this network verified that the BERMS network could be scaled to a satellite scale footprint with a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.025 m(3) m(-3), and applied to the entire period of record. C1 [Cosh, Michael H.; Jackso, Thomas J.] ARS, USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Smith, Craig] Environm Canada, Div Climate Res, Sci & Technol Branch, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. [Toth, Brenda] Environm Canada, Hydrometeorol & Arctic Lab, MSC, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. [Berg, Aaron A.] Univ Guelph, Dep Geog, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. RP Cosh, MH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM michael.cosh@ars.usda.gov RI Cosh, MIchael/A-8858-2015 OI Cosh, MIchael/0000-0003-4776-1918 FU Environment Canada; Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Foundation for Climate and Atmospheric Sciences FX We gratefully acknowledge the work of Dell Bayne, Charmaine Hrynkiw, Erin Thompson, Bruce Cole, and Steve Enns, who oversaw the BERMS measurements and data management. The BERMS program was supported by Environment Canada, Natural Resources Canada and the Canadian Foundation for Climate and Atmospheric Sciences. NR 16 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1539-1663 J9 VADOSE ZONE J JI Vadose Zone J. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 12 IS 2 DI 10.2136/vzj2012.0151 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 150LX UT WOS:000319393200018 ER PT J AU Schwartz, RC Casanova, JJ Pelletier, MG Evett, SR Baumhardt, RL AF Schwartz, R. C. Casanova, J. J. Pelletier, M. G. Evett, S. R. Baumhardt, R. L. TI Soil Permittivity Response to Bulk Electrical Conductivity for Selected Soil Water Sensors SO VADOSE ZONE JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID TIME-DOMAIN REFLECTOMETRY; TACQ COMPUTER-PROGRAM; DIELECTRIC PERMITTIVITY; MOISTURE MEASUREMENT; PROBE SENSORS; TEMPERATURE; CALIBRATION; TDR; FREQUENCY; SYSTEM AB Bulk electrical conductivity (sigma(a)) can dominate the low frequency dielectric loss spectrum in soils, causing changes in the permittivity and errors in estimated water content. We examined the dependence of measured apparent permittivity (K-a) on sigma(a) in contrasting soils using time-domain reflectometry (TDR), a digital time-domain transmission (TDT) sensor, and a capacitance sensor (5TE) during near saturated solute displacement experiments. Sensors were installed in columns packed with fine sand or a clay loam soil. Displacement experiments were completed by first equilibrating columns with 0.25 dS m(-1) CaCl2, introducing a step pulse of dS m(-1) CaCl2 and, after equilibration, displacing the resident solution with 0.25 dS m(-1) CaCl2. Using TDR, measured K-a increased with increasing sigma(a); however, the slope of this response averaged 3.47 m dS(-1) for clay loam compared with 0.19 m dS(-1) for sand. The large response in the clay loam was attributed to relaxation losses that narrowed the effective bandwidth from 821 to an estimated 164 MHz. In contrast, the effective frequency in sand averaged 515 MHz. Permittivity measured using the TDT probe exhibited little or no sensitivity to sigma(a) (<0.32 m dS(-1)) in both media. Measured K-a using the 5TE probe declined with increasing sigma(a) up to 1 to 1.8 dS m(-1) and then increased thereafter with net negative responses for sand (Delta K-a/Delta sigma(a) = -3.1 m dS(-1)) and net positive responses for the clay loam (Delta K-a/Delta sigma(a) = 2.9 m dS(-1)). Consideration of the K-a-sigma(a) response is required for accurate soil water content estimation (+/-0.03 m(3) m(-3)) in the presence of solution EC variations using TDR in fine-textured soils or the 5TE sensor in all media. Large differences in the sampling volumes between 5TE-measured bulk EC and permittivity confounded the K-a-sigma(a) response in the presence of a concentration gradient. C1 [Schwartz, R. C.; Casanova, J. J.; Evett, S. R.; Baumhardt, R. L.] ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, USDA, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. [Pelletier, M. G.] ARS, USDA, Lubbock, TX USA. RP Schwartz, RC (reprint author), ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, USDA, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. EM robert.schwartz@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS Ogallala Aquifer Program; USDA-Agricultural Research Service; Kansas State University; Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Service; Texas Tech University; West Texas AM University FX We gratefully acknowledge the helpful discussions with Colin Campbell and Scott Anderson and the technical assistance of Ms. Jourdan Bell for electronics and mic crologger programming and Gretchen Adams, Travis Allison, and Collin Acciaioli for column preparation. Additionally, we acknowledge support from the USDA-ARS Ogallala Aquifer Program, a consortium between USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Kansas State University, Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Service, Texas Tech University and West Texas A&M University. NR 48 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 30 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1539-1663 J9 VADOSE ZONE J JI Vadose Zone J. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 12 IS 2 DI 10.2136/vzj2012.0133 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 150LX UT WOS:000319393200012 ER PT J AU Jang, HJ Kim, HS Hwang, DH Quon, MJ Kim, JA AF Jang, Hyun-Ju Kim, Hae-Suk Hwang, Daniel H. Quon, Michael J. Kim, Jeong-A TI Toll-like receptor 2 mediates high-fat diet-induced impairment of vasodilator actions of insulin SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE endothelial function; vascular insulin resistance; Toll-like receptor 2; unfolding protein response; inflammation; endothelial nitric oxide synthase ID VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE-RATS; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM STRESS; WHITE ADIPOSE-TISSUE; NITRIC-OXIDE; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; INNATE IMMUNITY; TNF-ALPHA; SIGNALING PATHWAYS; INDUCED OBESITY AB Obesity is characterized by a chronic proinflammatory state that leads to endothelial dysfunction. Saturated fatty acids (SFA) stimulate Toll-like receptors (TLR) that promote metabolic insulin resistance. However, it is not known whether TLR2 mediates impairment of vascular actions of insulin in response to high-fat diet (HFD) to cause endothelial dysfunction. siRNA knockdown of TLR2 in primary endothelial cells opposed palmitate-stimulated expression of proinflammatory cytokines and splicing of X box protein 1 (XBP-1). Inhibition of unfolding protein response (UPR) reduced SFA-stimulated expression of TNF alpha. Thus, SFA stimulates UPR and proinflammatory response through activation of TLR2 in endothelial cells. Knockdown of TLR2 also opposed impairment of insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of eNOS and subsequent production of NO. Importantly, insulin-stimulated vasorelaxation of mesenteric arteries from TLR2 knockout mice was preserved even on HFD (in contrast with results from arteries examined in wild-type mice on HFD). We conclude that TLR2 in vascular endothelium mediates HFD-stimulated proinflammatory responses and UPR that accompany impairment of vasodilator actions of insulin, leading to endothelial dysfunction. These results are relevant to understanding the pathophysiology of the cardiovascular complications of diabetes and obesity. C1 [Jang, Hyun-Ju; Kim, Hae-Suk; Kim, Jeong-A] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Metab, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Kim, Jeong-A] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Cell Dev & Integrat Biol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Kim, Jeong-A] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Comprehens Diabet Ctr, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Hwang, Daniel H.] Univ Calif Davis, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Hwang, Daniel H.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Quon, Michael J.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Metab, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Kim, JA (reprint author), Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Metab, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM jakim@uab.edu OI Quon, Michael/0000-0002-9601-9915; Quon , Michael /0000-0002-5289-3707 FU American Diabetes Association [1-09-JF-33, 1-12-BS-99]; UAB Diabetes Research Training Center [P60-DK-079626]; Nutrition Obesity Research Center [P30-DK-056336]; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [P60-DK-079626, R01-DK-064007, P30-DK-56336]; National Center for Research Resources [UL-1RR-025777]; Western Human Nutrition Research Center/Agricultural Research Service/USDA; National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, National Institutes of Health FX This study was supported by the American Diabetes Association (1-09-JF-33 and 1-12-BS-99 to J. Kim) and a UAB Diabetes Research Training Center-sponsored pilot and feasibility program (P60-DK-079626) and by our Nutrition Obesity Research Center (P30-DK-056336), a grant from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01-DK-064007 to D. H. Hwang), and program funds from the Western Human Nutrition Research Center/Agricultural Research Service/USDA and intramural research program, National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, National Institutes of Health (M. J. Quon). The UAB metabolism core facility is funded by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P30-DK-56336 and P60-DK-079626) and the National Center for Research Resources (UL-1RR-025777). NR 59 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1849 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-ENDOC M JI Am. J. Physiol.-Endocrinol. Metab. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 304 IS 10 BP E1077 EP E1088 DI 10.1152/ajpendo.00578.2012 PG 12 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology GA 144VL UT WOS:000318969100006 PM 23531618 ER PT J AU Chang, PK Ehrlich, KC AF Chang, Perng-Kuang Ehrlich, Kenneth C. TI Genome-wide analysis of the Zn(II)(2)Cys(6) zinc cluster-encoding gene family in Aspergillus flavus SO APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Aspergillus flavus; Zinc-cluster protein; Genome; Gene cluster; Secondary metabolite; DUF3468 ID ZN(II)2CYS6 TRANSCRIPTIONAL ACTIVATOR; MELANIN BIOSYNTHESIS GENES; DNA-BINDING PROTEIN; REGULATORY GENE; AFLATOXIN BIOSYNTHESIS; SECONDARY METABOLISM; FUNCTIONAL-ANALYSIS; FUSARIUM-VERTICILLIOIDES; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; ASEXUAL DEVELOPMENT AB Proteins with a Zn(II)(2)Cys(6) domain, Cys-X-2-Cys-X-6-Cys-X5-12-Cys-X-2-Cys-X6-9-Cys (hereafter, referred to as the C6 domain), form a subclass of zinc finger proteins found exclusively in fungi and yeast. Genome sequence databases of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida albicans have provided an overview of this family of genes. Annotation of this gene family in most fungal genomes is still far from perfect and refined bioinformatic algorithms are urgently needed. Aspergillus flavus is a saprophytic soil fungus that can produce the carcinogenic aflatoxin. It is the second leading causative agent of invasive aspergillosis. The 37-Mb genome of A. flavus is predicted to encode 12,000 proteins. Two and a half percent of the total proteins are estimated to contain the C6 domain, more than twofold greater than those estimated for yeast, which is about 1 %. The variability in the spacing between cysteines, C-3-C-4 and C-5-C-6, in the zinc cluster enables classification of the domains into distinct subgroups, which are also well conserved in Aspergillus nidulans. Sixty-six percent (202/306) of the A. flavus C6 proteins contain a specific transcription factor domain, and 7 % contain a domain of unknown function, DUF3468. Two A. nidulans C6 proteins containing the DUF3468 are involved in asexual conidiation and another two in sexual differentiation. In the anamorphic A. flavus, a homolog of the latter lacks the C6 domain. A. flavus being heterothallic and reproducing mainly through conidiation appears to have lost some components involved in homothallic sexual development. Of the 55 predicted gene clusters thought to be involved in production of secondary metabolites, only about half have a C6-encoding gene in or near the gene clusters. The features revealed by the A. flavus C6 proteins likely are common for other ascomycete fungi. C1 [Chang, Perng-Kuang; Ehrlich, Kenneth C.] ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Chang, PK (reprint author), ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM perngkuang.chang@ars.usda.gov NR 77 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 41 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0175-7598 J9 APPL MICROBIOL BIOT JI Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 97 IS 10 BP 4289 EP 4300 DI 10.1007/s00253-013-4865-2 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 141HQ UT WOS:000318716700005 PM 23563886 ER PT J AU Jordan, DB Wagschal, K Grigorescu, AA Braker, JD AF Jordan, Douglas B. Wagschal, Kurt Grigorescu, Arabela A. Braker, Jay D. TI Highly active beta-xylosidases of glycoside hydrolase family 43 operating on natural and artificial substrates SO APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Glycoside hydrolase; GH43; Five-bladed propeller; Biomass; Transportation fuel ID ALPHA-L-ARABINOFURANOSIDASE; SITE-DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS; COMPOST STARTER MIXTURE; SELENOMONAS-RUMINANTIUM; BIOCHEMICAL-CHARACTERIZATION; PURIFICATION; INHIBITOR; PEPTIDES; RESIDUES; DATABASE AB The hemicellulose xylan constitutes a major portion of plant biomass, a renewable feedstock available for conversion to biofuels and other bioproducts. beta-xylosidase operates in the deconstruction of the polysaccharide to fermentable sugars. Glycoside hydrolase family 43 is recognized as a source of highly active beta-xylosidases, some of which could have practical applications. The biochemical details of four GH43 beta-xylosidases (those from Alkaliphilus metalliredigens QYMF, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis str. 168, and Lactobacillus brevis ATCC 367) are examined here. Sedimentation equilibrium experiments indicate that the quaternary states of three of the enzymes are mixtures of monomers and homodimers (B. pumilus) or mixtures of homodimers and homotetramers (B. subtilis and L. brevis). k (cat) and k (cat)/K (m) values of the four enzymes are higher for xylobiose than for xylotriose, suggesting that the enzyme active sites comprise two subsites, as has been demonstrated by the X-ray structures of other GH43 beta-xylosidases. The K (i) values for d-glucose (83.3-357 mM) and d-xylose (15.6-70.0 mM) of the four enzymes are moderately high. The four enzymes display good temperature (K (t) (0.5) similar to aEuro parts per thousand 45 A degrees C) and pH stabilities (> 4.6 to < 10.3). At pH 6.0 and 25 A degrees C, the enzyme from L. brevis ATCC 367 displays the highest reported k (cat) and k (cat)/K (m) on natural substrates xylobiose (407 s(-1), 138 s(-1) mM(-1)), xylotriose (235 s(-1), 80.8 s(-1) mM(-1)), and xylotetraose (146 s(-1), 32.6 s(-1) mM(-1)). C1 [Jordan, Douglas B.; Braker, Jay D.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Wagschal, Kurt] ARS, USDA, WRRC, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Grigorescu, Arabela A.] Northwestern Univ, Keck Biophys Facil, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. [Grigorescu, Arabela A.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mol Biosci, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. RP Jordan, DB (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM douglas.jordan@ars.usda.gov FU Cancer Center Grant [NCI CA060553] FX Trypsin digestion and LC-MS/MS analysis was performed at the Wistar Proteomics Facility. Sedimentation equilibrium experiments were conducted at Northwestern University, Keck Biophysics Facility, supported by a Cancer Center Grant (NCI CA060553). Mention of trade names or commercial products in this report is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U. S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 36 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 23 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0175-7598 J9 APPL MICROBIOL BIOT JI Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 97 IS 10 BP 4415 EP 4428 DI 10.1007/s00253-012-4475-4 PG 14 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 141HQ UT WOS:000318716700019 PM 23053115 ER PT J AU Pawson, SM Brin, A Brockerhoff, EG Lamb, D Payn, TW Paquette, A Parrotta, JA AF Pawson, S. M. Brin, A. Brockerhoff, E. G. Lamb, D. Payn, T. W. Paquette, A. Parrotta, J. A. TI Plantation forests, climate change and biodiversity SO BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Conservation; Forestry; Landscape ecology; Indirect effects; Climate/global change ID PINE PROCESSIONARY MOTH; MIXED-SPECIES PLANTATIONS; HYBRID POPLAR CLONES; SOUTH-CENTRAL CHILE; NEW-ZEALAND; TEMPERATE FORESTS; PLANTED FORESTS; GLOBAL CHANGE; INVERTEBRATE ASSEMBLAGES; RESTORATION PLANTINGS AB Nearly 4 % of the world's forests are plantations, established to provide a variety of ecosystem services, principally timber and other wood products. In addition to such services, plantation forests provide direct and indirect benefits to biodiversity via the provision of forest habitat for a wide range of species, and by reducing negative impacts on natural forests by offsetting the need to extract resources. There is compelling evidence that climate change is directly affecting biodiversity in forests throughout the world. These impacts occur as a result of changes in temperature, rainfall, storm frequency and magnitude, fire frequency, and the frequency and magnitude of pest and disease outbreaks. However, in plantation forests it is not only the direct effects of climate change that will impact on biodiversity. Climate change will have strong indirect effects on biodiversity in plantation forests via changes in forest management actions that have been proposed to mitigate the effects of climate change on the productive capacity of plantations. These include changes in species selection (including use of species mixtures), rotation length, thinning, pruning, extraction of bioenergy feedstocks, and large scale climate change driven afforestation, reforestation, and, potentially deforestation. By bringing together the potential direct and indirect impacts of climate change we conclude that in the short to medium term changes in plantation management designed to mitigate or adapt to climate change could have a significantly greater impact on biodiversity in such plantation forests than the direct effects of climate change. Although this hypothesis remains to be formally tested, forest managers worldwide are already considering new approaches to plantation forestry in an effort to create forests that are more resilient to the effects of changing climatic conditions. Such change presents significant risks to existing biodiversity values in plantation forests, however it also provides new opportunities to improve biodiversity values within existing and new plantation forests. We conclude by suggesting future options, such as functional zoning and species mixtures applied at either the stand level or as fine-scale mosaics of single-species stands as options to improve biodiversity whilst increasing resilience to climate change. C1 [Pawson, S. M.; Brockerhoff, E. G.] Scion New Zealand Forest Res Inst, Christchurch, New Zealand. [Brin, A.] Univ Toulouse, UMR INRA INPT Dynafor 1201, F-31076 Toulouse, France. [Lamb, D.] Univ Queensland, Ctr Mined Land Rehabil, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Payn, T. W.] Scion New Zealand Forest Res Inst, Rotorua 3046, New Zealand. [Paquette, A.] Univ Quebec, Ctr Forest Res, Ctr Ville Stn, Montreal, PQ H3C 3P8, Canada. [Parrotta, J. A.] US Forest Serv, Arlington, VA 22209 USA. RP Pawson, SM (reprint author), Scion New Zealand Forest Res Inst, Forestry Rd,POB 29-237, Christchurch, New Zealand. EM steve.pawson@scionresearch.com RI Pawson, Stephen/E-4631-2011; Brockerhoff, Eckehard/C-1528-2009; OI Brockerhoff, Eckehard/0000-0002-5962-3208; Pawson, Stephen/0000-0003-2980-4873; Payn, Tim/0000-0003-2482-6379 NR 182 TC 45 Z9 51 U1 14 U2 260 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0960-3115 J9 BIODIVERS CONSERV JI Biodivers. Conserv. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 22 IS 5 SI SI BP 1203 EP 1227 DI 10.1007/s10531-013-0458-8 PG 25 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 147BP UT WOS:000319140500007 ER PT J AU Liu, JY Wang, ML Torinis, B Habteselassie, M Liao, XR Huang, QG AF Liu, Jiayang Wang, Ming Li Torinis, Brandon Habteselassie, Mussie Liao, Xiangru Huang, Qingguo TI Fungal pretreatment of switchgrass for improved saccharification and simultaneous enzyme production SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Switchgrass biomass; Fungal pretreatment; Solid state fermentation; Enzymatic hydrolysis; Useful enzyme production ID MUNICIPAL SOLID-WASTE; ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; BIO-ETHANOL; RICE STRAW; HYDROLYSIS; BIOMASS; LIGNIN; ACID; RECALCITRANCE; FERMENTATION AB This study investigates fungal pretreatment of switchgrass involving solid state fermentation (SSF) to improve saccharification and simultaneously produce enzymes as co-products. The results revealed that the fungus Pycnoporus sp. SYBC-L3 can significantly degrade lignin and enhance enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency. After a 36-d cultivation period, nearly 30% reduction in lignin content was obtained without significant loss of cellulose and hemicellulose, while a considerable amount of laccase, as high as 6.3 U/g, was produced. After pretreatment, pores on switchgrass surface were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency for the switchgrass with 36-d pretreatment was about 50% greater than the untreated one. Our results suggest that solid state fungal cultivation may be a good method for switchgrass pretreatment, which can simultaneously achieve high efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis and production of some useful enzymes for other industrial utilization. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Liu, Jiayang; Habteselassie, Mussie; Huang, Qingguo] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. [Liu, Jiayang; Liao, Xiangru] Jiangnan Univ, Sch Biotechnol, Key Lab Ind Biotechnol, Minist Educ, Wuxi 214122, Peoples R China. [Wang, Ming Li; Torinis, Brandon] USDA ARS, Plant Genet Resources Conservat Unit, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. RP Huang, QG (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. EM qhuang@uga.edu FU HATCH funds FX This work was supported in part by HATCH funds. The authors wish to thank Dr. Melanie Harrison-Dunn for providing switch-grass materials, Ms. Liwen Zhang and Mr. Yenjun Chuang for technical support on scanning electron microscopy. NR 34 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 49 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-8524 EI 1873-2976 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 135 BP 39 EP 45 DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.10.095 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 147QB UT WOS:000319181000008 PM 23195655 ER PT J AU Whiteley, AR Coombs, JA Hudy, M Robinson, Z Colton, AR Nislow, KH Letcher, BH AF Whiteley, Andrew R. Coombs, Jason A. Hudy, Mark Robinson, Zachary Colton, Amanda R. Nislow, Keith H. Letcher, Benjamin H. TI Fragmentation and patch size shape genetic structure of brook trout populations SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID COASTAL CUTTHROAT TROUT; CHARR SALVELINUS-FONTINALIS; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; BROWN TROUT; BULL TROUT; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; SOUTHERN LIMIT; CLIMATE-CHANGE; RAINBOW-TROUT; NATIVE RANGE AB We tested the relative influence of habitat patch size and connectivity on genetic structure and effective population size in eight brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) habitat patches in a watershed in Virginia, USA. Variation at eight microsatellite loci in 2229 young-of-the-year brook trout for two successive cohorts (2010 and 2011) was examined. Genetic differentiation across all populations was pronounced. Overall F'(ST) was 0.397 (95% CI: 0.322-0.525) and overall F-ST was 0.124 (95% CI: 0.096-0.159). Above-barrier patch size had a strong positive relationship with genetic diversity, (N) over cap (b), and genetic differentiation. Our analysis is consistent with greater extinction risk in smaller above-barrier patches. Larger above-barrier patches contained greater genetic diversity but reduced (N) over cap (b) relative to adjacent below-barrier patches. The primary effect of barriers may be to reduce available above-barrier spawning habitat, even for larger above-barrier patches. Below-barrier patches also showed evidence of reduced genetic diversity and lack of connectivity. Genetic monitoring focused at gaining a broader understanding of the relationships here will be necessary to fully evaluate local extinction risks. C1 [Whiteley, Andrew R.; Coombs, Jason A.; Robinson, Zachary] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Whiteley, Andrew R.; Coombs, Jason A.; Nislow, Keith H.] Univ Massachusetts, US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Hudy, Mark] US Geol Survey, Ecosyst Mission Area, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Colton, Amanda R.] James Madison Univ, US Forest Serv, Fish & Aquat Ecol Unit, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA. [Letcher, Benjamin H.] US Geol Survey, Biol Resources Div, SO Conte Anadromous Fish Res Ctr, Turners Falls, MA 01376 USA. RP Whiteley, AR (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM awhiteley@eco.umass.edu FU James Madison University, George Washington; Jefferson National Forests; Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries; US Forest Service, Northern Research Station; University of Massachusetts Amherst; US Geological Survey, Leetown Science Center; Conte Anadromous Fish Research Laboratory FX M. Burak and M. Page collected genetic data. C. Anderson, J. Courtwright, A. Fitzgerald, C. Kyger, H. Mohn, B. Stanley, and B. Trumbo helped with field collections. The following organizations provided financial assistance or volunteer support: James Madison University, George Washington and Jefferson National Forests; Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries; US Forest Service, Northern Research Station; University of Massachusetts Amherst; US Geological Survey, Leetown Science Center and Conte Anadromous Fish Research Laboratory. A. Coulthard and two anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments on earlier versions of this manuscript. NR 63 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 59 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0706-652X EI 1205-7533 J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 70 IS 5 BP 678 EP 688 DI 10.1139/cjfas-2012-0493 PG 11 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 148PM UT WOS:000319257700003 ER PT J AU Parker, JD Torchin, ME Hufbauer, RA Lemoine, NP Alba, C Blumenthal, DM Bossdorf, O Byers, JE Dunn, AM Heckman, RW Hejda, M Jarosik, V Kanarek, AR Martin, LB Perkins, SE Pysek, P Schierenbeck, K Schloder, C van Klinken, R Vaughn, KJ Williams, W Wolfe, LM AF Parker, John D. Torchin, Mark E. Hufbauer, Ruth A. Lemoine, Nathan P. Alba, Christina Blumenthal, Dana M. Bossdorf, Oliver Byers, James E. Dunn, Alison M. Heckman, Robert W. Hejda, Martin Jarosik, Vojtech Kanarek, Andrew R. Martin, Lynn B. Perkins, Sarah E. Pysek, Petr Schierenbeck, Kristina Schloeder, Carmen van Klinken, Rieks Vaughn, Kurt J. Williams, Wyatt Wolfe, Lorne M. TI Do invasive species perform better in their new ranges? SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE animal invasion; biogeography; comparative demography; invasion paradox; invasive species; plant invasion ID INCREASED COMPETITIVE ABILITY; ENEMY RELEASE HYPOTHESIS; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; PLANT INVASIONS; INTRODUCED POPULATIONS; NORTH-AMERICA; NATIVE RANGE; SIZE; EVOLUTION; SUCCESS AB A fundamental assumption in invasion biology is that most invasive species exhibit enhanced performance in their introduced range relative to their home ranges. This idea has given rise to numerous hypotheses explaining "invasion success" by virtue of altered ecological and evolutionary pressures. There are surprisingly few data, however, testing the underlying assumption that the performance of introduced populations, including organism size, reproductive output, and abundance, is enhanced in their introduced compared to their native range. Here, we combined data from published studies to test this hypothesis for 26 plant and 27 animal species that are considered to be invasive. On average, individuals of these 53 species were indeed larger, more fecund, and more abundant in their introduced ranges. The overall mean, however, belied significant variability among species, as roughly half of the investigated species (N = 27) performed similarly when compared to conspecific populations in their native range. Thus, although some invasive species are performing better in their new ranges, the pattern is not universal, and just as many are performing largely the same across ranges. C1 [Parker, John D.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Torchin, Mark E.; Schloeder, Carmen] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Hufbauer, Ruth A.; Williams, Wyatt] Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Hufbauer, Ruth A.; Williams, Wyatt] Colorado State Univ, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Lemoine, Nathan P.] Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol, North Miami, FL 33181 USA. [Alba, Christina; Hejda, Martin; Jarosik, Vojtech; Pysek, Petr] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Bot, Dept Invas Ecol, CZ-25243 Pruhonice, Czech Republic. [Blumenthal, Dana M.] USDA ARS, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Bossdorf, Oliver] Univ Bern, Inst Plant Sci, CH-3013 Bern, Switzerland. [Byers, James E.] Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Dunn, Alison M.] Univ Leeds, Fac Biol Sci, Sch Biol, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Heckman, Robert W.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Jarosik, Vojtech; Pysek, Petr] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Sci, Dept Ecol, CZ-12844 Prague 2, Czech Republic. [Kanarek, Andrew R.] Univ Tennessee, Natl Inst Math & Biol Synth, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Martin, Lynn B.] Univ S Florida, Dept Integrat Biol, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. [Perkins, Sarah E.] Cardiff Sch Biosci, Cardiff CF10 3AX, S Glam, Wales. [Schierenbeck, Kristina] Calif State Univ Chico, Dept Biol Sci, Chico, CA 95929 USA. [van Klinken, Rieks] CSIRO Ecosyst Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4102, Australia. [Vaughn, Kurt J.] Landowner Stewardship Program Audubon Calif, Winters, CA 95694 USA. [Wolfe, Lorne M.] Georgia So Univ, Dept Biol, Statesboro, GA 30460 USA. RP Parker, JD (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, 647 Contees Wharf Rd, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. EM parkerj@si.edu RI van Klinken, Rieks/B-1772-2009; Perkins, Sarah/B-1817-2010; Pysek, Petr/B-1957-2012; Bossdorf, Oliver/A-8328-2008; Alba, Christina/H-1579-2014; Heckman, Robert/J-2640-2015; Parker, John/F-9761-2010; Hejda, Martin/H-1589-2014 OI van Klinken, Rieks/0000-0002-7578-8977; Perkins, Sarah/0000-0002-7457-2699; Bossdorf, Oliver/0000-0001-7504-6511; Alba, Christina/0000-0001-7040-8480; Heckman, Robert/0000-0002-2281-3091; Parker, John/0000-0002-3632-7625; Dunn, Alison/0000-0002-4855-1077; Martin, Lynn/0000-0002-5887-4937; FU Global Invasions Network NSF RCN [DEB-0541673]; NSF REU site grant [NSF-DBI 0851303]; Czech Science Foundation [P505/11/1112, 206/09/0563]; long-term research development project (Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic) [RVO 67985939]; institutional resources of the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic; Praemium Academiae award from the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; NERC [NE/G015201/1]; NSF [EF-0832858]; SNF grant [31003A_122408]; Colorado Agricultural Experiment Station; NSF RCN [DEB-0541673] FX We thank Jess Shue, Christian Latimer, Emily Myron, Madalin Parepa, Lauren Richie, and Hannah Wilbur for data entry and verification. This work was supported in part by the Global Invasions Network NSF RCN DEB-0541673 and an NSF REU site grant (NSF-DBI 0851303). Petr Pysek and Vojtech Jarosik were supported by grants no. P505/11/1112 and 206/09/0563 (Czech Science Foundation), long-term research development project no. RVO 67985939 (Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic), and institutional resources of the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic. Petr Pysek acknowledges the support by Praemium Academiae award from the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. Alison Dunn acknowledges support from NERC (NE/G015201/1). Andrew R. Kanarek acknowledges support from NSF Award #EF-0832858. Lynn B. Martin acknowledges NSF-IOS 0940275. Oliver Bossdorf was supported by the SNF grant 31003A_122408. Ruth A. Hufbauer acknowledges support from the Colorado Agricultural Experiment Station and NSF RCN DEB-0541673. NR 56 TC 55 Z9 56 U1 12 U2 250 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0012-9658 EI 1939-9170 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD MAY PY 2013 VL 94 IS 5 BP 985 EP 994 PG 10 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 144VQ UT WOS:000318969800001 PM 23858639 ER PT J AU Sharma, M Goodridge, L AF Sharma, Manan Goodridge, Larry TI Bacteriophages: Back to the Future SO FOOD TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; LYTIC BACTERIOPHAGES; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; BIOCONTROL PREPARATION; CHICKEN SKIN; SALMONELLA; REDUCTION; CONTAMINATION; COLIPHAGES; RECOVERY C1 [Sharma, Manan] USDA ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Area Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Goodridge, Larry] Colorado State Univ, Grad Sch, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Goodridge, Larry] Colorado State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Sharma, M (reprint author), USDA ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Area Res Ctr, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM manan.sharma@ars.usda.gov; lawrence.goodridge@colostate.edu NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 12 PU INST FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS PI CHICAGO PA 525 WEST VAN BUREN, STE 1000, CHICAGO, IL 60607-3814 USA SN 0015-6639 J9 FOOD TECHNOL-CHICAGO JI Food Technol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 67 IS 5 BP 46 EP 55 PG 10 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 146QG UT WOS:000319105000014 ER PT J AU Wang, YH Upadhyaya, HD Burrell, AM Sahraeian, SME Klein, RR Klein, PE AF Wang, Yi-Hong Upadhyaya, Hari D. Burrell, A. Millie Sahraeian, Sayed Mohammad Ebrahim Klein, Robert R. Klein, Patricia E. TI Genetic Structure and Linkage Disequilibrium in a Diverse, Representative Collection of the C4 Model Plant, Sorghum bicolor SO G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS LA English DT Article DE sorghum; races; SNPs; Fsel-assisted genotyping; linkage disequilibrium ID SSR MARKERS; CULTIVATED SORGHUM; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; GERMPLASM ACCESSIONS; CROP IMPROVEMENT; CORE COLLECTION; GENOTYPE DATA; GRAIN LENGTH; L. MOENCH AB To facilitate the mapping of genes in sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] underlying economically important traits, we analyzed the genetic structure and linkage disequilibrium in a sorghum-mini core collection of 242 landraces with 13,390 single-nucleotide polymorphims. The single-nucleotide polymorphisms were produced using a highly multiplexed genotyping-by-sequencing methodology. Genetic structure was established using principal component, Neighbor-Joining phylogenetic, and Bayesian cluster analyses. These analyses indicated that the mini-core collection was structured along both geographic origin and sorghum race classification. Examples of the former were accessions from Southern Africa, East Asia, and Yemen. Examples of the latter were caudatums with widespread geographical distribution, durras from India, and guineas from West Africa. Race bicolor, the most primitive and the least clearly defined sorghum race, clustered among other races and formed only one clear bicolor-centric cluster. Genome-wide linkage disequilibrium analyses showed linkage disequilibrium decayed, on average, within 10-30 kb, whereas the short arm of SBI-06 contained a linkage disequilibrium block of 20.33 Mb, confirming a previous report of low recombination on this chromosome arm. Four smaller but equally significant linkage disequilibrium blocks of 3.5-35.5 kb were detected on chromosomes 1, 2, 9, and 10. We examined the genes encoded within each block to provide a first look at candidates such as homologs of GS3 and FT that may indicate a selective sweep during sorghum domestication. C1 [Wang, Yi-Hong] Univ Louisiana Lafayette, Dept Biol, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA. [Upadhyaya, Hari D.] Int Crops Res Inst Semi Arid Trop, Gene Bank, Patancheru 502324, Andhra Pradesh, India. [Burrell, A. Millie; Klein, Patricia E.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Hort Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Burrell, A. Millie; Klein, Patricia E.] Texas A&M Univ, Inst Plant Genom & Biotechnol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Sahraeian, Sayed Mohammad Ebrahim] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Klein, Robert R.] USDA ARS, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Klein, PE (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Hort Sci, TAMU 2123, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM pklein@tamu.edu RI Updhayaya, Hari/C-4858-2014; Burrell, Millie/L-9684-2014 OI Updhayaya, Hari/0000-0002-5166-6844; Burrell, Millie/0000-0002-8761-0279 FU University of Louisiana at Lafayette; International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics; United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)-Agricultural Research Service; Texas A&M AgriLife Research; USDA-National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2010-67009-21507] FX The study was supported in part by the University of Louisiana at Lafayette (Y.-H.W.), International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (H.D.U.), the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)-Agricultural Research Service (R.R.K.), Texas A&M AgriLife Research (P.E.K.), and the USDA-National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Award 2010-67009-21507 (P.E.K). NR 67 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 31 PU GENETICS SOC AM PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 2160-1836 J9 G3-GENES GENOM GENET JI G3-Genes Genomes Genet. PD MAY 1 PY 2013 VL 3 IS 5 BP 783 EP 793 DI 10.1534/g3.112.004861 PG 11 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 151CR UT WOS:000319438700001 PM 23704283 ER PT J AU Lawrence, GB Fernandez, IJ Richter, DD Ross, DS Hazlett, PW Bailey, SW Ouimet, R Warby, RAF Johnson, AH Lin, H Kaste, JM Lapenis, AG Sullivan, TJ AF Lawrence, Gregory B. Fernandez, Ivan J. Richter, Daniel D. Ross, Donald S. Hazlett, Paul W. Bailey, Scott W. Ouimet, Rock Warby, Richard A. F. Johnson, Arthur H. Lin, Henry Kaste, James M. Lapenis, Andrew G. Sullivan, Timothy J. TI Measuring Environmental Change in Forest Ecosystems by Repeated Soil Sampling: A North American Perspective SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Review ID NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; HARDWOOD FOREST; ALLEGHENY PLATEAU; ACIDIC DEPOSITION; LOBLOLLY-PINE; TRACE-METALS; ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION; ADIRONDACK MOUNTAINS; NATURAL-RESOURCES; LEAD ACCUMULATION AB Environmental change is monitored in North America through repeated measurements of weather, stream and river flow, air and water quality, and most recently, soil properties. Some skepticism remains, however, about whether repeated soil sampling can effectively distinguish between temporal and spatial variability, and efforts to document soil change in forest ecosystems through repeated measurements are largely nascent and uncoordinated. In eastern North America, repeated soil sampling has begun to provide valuable information on environmental problems such as air pollution. This review synthesizes the current state of the science to further the development and use of soil resampling as an integral method for recording and understanding environmental change in forested settings. The origins of soil resampling reach back to the 19th century in England and Russia. The concepts and methodologies involved in forest soil resampling are reviewed and evaluated through a discussion of how temporal and spatial variability can be addressed with a variety of sampling approaches. Key resampling studies demonstrate the type of results that can be obtained through differing approaches. Ongoing, large-scale issues such as recovery from acidification, long-term N deposition, C sequestration, effects of climate change, impacts from invasive species, and the increasing intensification of soil management all warrant the use of soil resampling as an essential tool for environmental monitoring and assessment. Furthermore, with better awareness of the value of soil resampling, studies can be designed with a long-term perspective so that information can be efficiently obtained well into the future to address problems that have not yet surfaced. C1 [Lawrence, Gregory B.] US Geol Survey, New York Water Sci Ctr, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Fernandez, Ivan J.] Univ Maine, Sch Forest Resources, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Richter, Daniel D.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Environm Sci & Policy Div, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Ross, Donald S.] Univ Vermont, Dep Plant & Soil Sci, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Hazlett, Paul W.] Nat Resources Canada Canadian Forest Serv, Sault Ste Marie, ON 6A 2E5, Canada. [Bailey, Scott W.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, North Woodstock, NH 03262 USA. [Ouimet, Rock] Minist Resources Nat & Faune Quebec, Direct Rech Forestiere, Ste Foy, PQ G1P 3W8, Canada. [Warby, Richard A. F.] Assumption Coll, Dep Nat Sci, Worcester, MA 01609 USA. [Johnson, Arthur H.] Univ Penn, Dep Earth & Environm Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Lin, Henry] Penn State Univ, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Kaste, James M.] Coll William & Mary, Dep Geol, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. [Lapenis, Andrew G.] SUNY Albany, Dep Geog & Planning, Albany, NY 12222 USA. [Sullivan, Timothy J.] E&S Environm Chem Inc, Corvallis, OR 97339 USA. RP Lawrence, GB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, New York Water Sci Ctr, Troy, NY 12180 USA. EM glawrenc@usgs.gov RI Ross, Donald/A-4477-2008; Lin, Henry/E-8234-2011; OI Ross, Donald/0000-0002-5390-6602; Ouimet, Rock/0000-0003-1282-2493; Bailey, Scott/0000-0002-9160-156X FU Northeastern States Research Cooperative (NSRC) FX Funding for preparation of the manuscript was provided by the Northeastern States Research Cooperative (NSRC). We thank Michael McHale for his helpful review of the manuscript. NR 113 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 79 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 42 IS 3 BP 623 EP 639 DI 10.2134/jeq2012.0378 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 134LZ UT WOS:000318213000001 PM 23673928 ER PT J AU Todd, RW Cole, NA Waldrip, HM Aiken, RM AF Todd, Richard W. Cole, N. Andy Waldrip, Heidi M. Aiken, Robert M. TI Arrhenius Equation for Modeling Feedyard Ammonia Emissions Using Temperature and Diet Crude Protein SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID SOUTHERN HIGH-PLAINS; CATTLE FEEDYARD; AGRICULTURE; VEGETATION; FEEDLOT; MANURE AB Temperature controls many processes of NH3 volatilization. For example,urea hydrolysis is an enzymatically catalyzed reaction described by the Arrhenius equation. Diet crude protein (CP) controls NH3 emission by affecting N excretion. Our objectives were to use the Arrhenius equation to model NH3 emissions from beef cattle (Bos taurus) feedyards and test predictions against observed emissions. Per capita NH3 emission rate (PCER),air temperature (T),and CP were measured for 2 yr at two Texas Panhandle feedyards. Data were fitted to analogs of the Arrhenius equation: PCER = f(T) and PCER = f(T,CP). The models were applied at a third feedyard to predict NH3 emissions and compare predicted to measured emissions. Predicted mean NH3 emissions were within - 9 and 2% of observed emissions for the f(T) and f(T,CP) models,respectively. Annual emission factors calculated from models underestimated annual NH3 emission by 11% [f(T) model] or overestimated emission by 8% [f(T,CP) model]. When T from a regional weather station and three classes of CP drove the models,the f(T) model overpredicted annual NH3 emission of the low CP class by 14% and underpredicted emissions of the optimum and high CP classes by 1 and 39%, respectively. The f(T,CP) model underpredicted NH3 emissions by 15,4,and 23% for low,optimum,and high CP classes,respectively. Ammonia emission was successfully modeled using T only,but including CP improved predictions. The empirical f(T) and f(T,CP) models can successfully model NH3 emissions in the Texas Panhandle. Researchers are encouraged to test the models in other regions where high-quality NH3 emissions data are available. C1 [Todd, Richard W.; Cole, N. Andy; Waldrip, Heidi M.] USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. [Aiken, Robert M.] Kansas State Univ, Western Kansas Agr Res Ctr, Hays, KS 67601 USA. RP Todd, RW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, PO Drawer 10, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. EM richard.todd@ars.usda.gov NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 42 IS 3 BP 666 EP 671 DI 10.2134/jeq2012.0371 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 134LZ UT WOS:000318213000005 PM 23673932 ER PT J AU Calvo, P Watts, DB Ames, RN Kloepper, JW Torbert, HA AF Calvo, Pamela Watts, Dexter B. Ames, Robert N. Kloepper, Joseph W. Torbert, H. Allen TI Microbial-Based Inoculants Impact Nitrous Oxide Emissions from an Incubated Soil Medium Containing Urea Fertilizers SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID GROWTH-PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA; GASEOUS EMISSIONS; MITIGATION; N2O; MICROORGANISMS; NITRIFICATION; HYDROLYSIS; BACTERIA; MOISTURE AB There is currently much interest in developing crop management practices that will decrease N2O emissions from agricultural soils. Many different approaches are being investigated, but to date, no studies have been published on how microbial inoculants affect N2O emissions. This study was conducted to test the hypothesis that microbial-based inoculants known to promote root growth and nutrient uptake can reduce N2O emissions in the presence of N fertilizers under controlled conditions. Carbon dioxide and CH 4 fluxes were also measured to evaluate microbial respiration and determine the aerobic and anaerobic conditions of the incubated soil. The microbial-based treatments investigated were SoilBuilder (SB), a metabolite extract of SoilBuilder (SBF), and a mixture of four strains of plant growth-promoting Bacillus spp. Experiments included two different N fertilizer treatments, urea and urea-NH4 NO3 32% N (UAN), and an unfertilized control. Emissions of N2O and CO2 were determined from soil incubations and analyzed with gas chromatography. After 29 d of incubation, cumulative N2O emissions were reduced 80% by SB and 44% by SBF in soils fertilized with UAN. Treatment with Bacillus spp. significantly reduced N2O production on Days 1 and 2 of the incubation in soils fertilized with UAN. In the unfertilized treatment, cumulative emissions of N2O were significantly reduced 92% by SBF. Microbial-based treatments did not reduce N2O emissions associated with urea application. Microbial-based treatments increased CO2 emissions from soils fertilized with UAN, suggesting a possible increase in microbial activity. Overall, the results demonstrated that microbial-based inoculants can reduce N2O emissions associated with N fertilizer application, and this response varies with the type of microbial-based inoculant and fertilizer. C1 [Calvo, Pamela; Kloepper, Joseph W.] Auburn Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Watts, Dexter B.; Torbert, H. Allen] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. [Ames, Robert N.] Agricen Sci, Pilot Point, TX 76258 USA. RP Calvo, P (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, 209 Life Sci Bldg, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM pzc0006@tigermail.auburn.edu FU USDA; Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station; Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology of Auburn University; Advanced Microbial Solutions FX Financial support for the project was provided by the USDA, the Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station, the Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology of Auburn University, and Advanced Microbial Solutions. We acknowledge Dr. Michael LaMontagne for suggestions during the planning and conducting of the experiments and for reviewing drafts of the manuscript. We thank James Ashley Robinson for technical assistance and William Fowler for help with editing the manuscript. NR 51 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 21 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 42 IS 3 BP 704 EP 712 DI 10.2134/jeq2012.0300 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 134LZ UT WOS:000318213000010 PM 23673937 ER PT J AU Senaviratne, GMMMA Udawatta, RP Baffaut, C Anderson, SH AF Senaviratne, G. M. M. M. Anomaa Udawatta, Ranjith P. Baffaut, Claire Anderson, Stephen H. TI Agricultural Policy Environmental eXtender Simulation of Three Adjacent Row-Crop Watersheds in the Claypan Region SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID POLICY/ENVIRONMENTAL EXTENDER; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; QUALITY SIMULATION; MANAGEMENT-SYSTEMS; NITROGEN LOSSES; APEX MODEL; RUNOFF; PHOSPHORUS; YIELD; SOILS AB The Agricultural Policy Environmental Extender (APEX) model is used to evaluate best management practices on pollutant loading in whole farms or small watersheds. The objectives of this study were to conduct a sensitivity analysis to determine the effect of model parameters on APEX output and use the parameterized, calibrated, and validated model to evaluate long-term benefits of grass waterways. The APEX model was used to model three (East, Center, and West) adjacent field-size watersheds with claypan soils under a no-till corn (Zea mays L.)/soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] rotation. Twenty-seven parameters were sensitive for crop yield, runoff, sediment, nitrogen (dissolved and total), and phosphorous (dissolved and total) simulations. The model was calibrated using measured event-based data from the Center watershed from 1993 to 1997 and validated with data from the West and East watersheds. Simulated crop yields were within +/- 13% of the measured yield. The model performance for event-based runoff was excellent, with calibration and validation r(2) > 0.9 and Nash-Sutcliffe coefficients (NSC) > 0.8, respectively. Sediment and total nitrogen calibration results were satisfactory for larger rainfall events (> 50 mm), with r(2) > 0.5 and NSC > 0.4, but validation results remained poor, with NSC between 0.18 and 0.3. Total phosphorous was well calibrated and validated, with r(2) > 0.8 and NSC > 0.7, respectively. The presence of grass waterways reduced annual total phosphorus loadings by 13 to 25%. The replicated study indicates that APEX provides a convenient and efficient tool to evaluate long-term benefits of conservation practices. C1 [Senaviratne, G. M. M. M. Anomaa; Udawatta, Ranjith P.; Anderson, Stephen H.] Univ Missouri, Dep Soil Environ & Atmos Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Senaviratne, G. M. M. M. Anomaa; Udawatta, Ranjith P.] Univ Missouri, Ctr Agroforestry, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Baffaut, Claire] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Senaviratne, GMMMA (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dep Soil Environ & Atmos Sci, 302 ABNR Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM gs2n8@mail.missouri.edu FU University of Missouri Center for Agroforestry [58-6227-1-004]; USDA-ARS FX This work was funded through the University of Missouri Center for Agroforestry under cooperative agreements 58-6227-1-004 with the USDA-ARS. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. We would like to express our sincere appreciation to Drs. Verel Benson and Todd Farrand for assistance. NR 52 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 17 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 42 IS 3 BP 726 EP 736 DI 10.2134/jeq2012.0241 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 134LZ UT WOS:000318213000012 ER PT J AU Chu, B Goyne, KW Anderson, SH Lin, CH Lerch, RN AF Chu, Bei Goyne, Keith W. Anderson, Stephen H. Lin, Chung-Ho Lerch, Robert N. TI Sulfamethazine Sorption to Soil: Vegetative Management, pH, and Dissolved Organic Matter Effects SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID SULFONAMIDE ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS; VETERINARY ANTIBIOTICS; CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; BUFFER STRIPS; ANIMAL MANURE; RESISTANCE; ACID; ENVIRONMENT; ADSORPTION AB Elucidating veterinary antibiotic interactions with soil is important for assessing and mitigating possible environmental hazards. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of vegetative management, soil properties, and >1000Da dissolved organic matter (DOM>1000Da) on sulfamethazine (SMZ) behavior in soil. Sorption experiments were performed over a range of SMZ concentrations (2.5-50 mu mol L-1) using samples from three soils (Armstrong, Huntington, and Menfro), each planted to one of three vegetation treatments: agroforestry buffers strips (ABS), grass buff er strips (GBS), and row crops (RC). Our results show that SMZ sorption isotherms are well fitted by the Freundlich isotherm model (log K-f = 0.44-0.93; Freundlich nonlinearity parameter = 0.59-0.79). Further investigation of solid-to-solution distribution coefficients (K-d) demonstrated that vegetative management significantly (p < 0.05) influences SMZ sorption (ABS > GBS > RC). Multiple linear regression analyses indicated that organic carbon (OC) content, pH, and initial SMZ concentration were important properties controlling SMZ sorption. Study of the two most contrasting soils in our sample set revealed that increasing solution pH (pH 6.0-7.5) reduced SMZ sorption to the Armstrong GBS soil, but little pH effect was observed for the Huntington GBS soil containing 50% kaolinite in the clay fraction. The presence of DOM>1000Da (150 mg L-1 OC) had little significant effect on the Freundlich nonlinearity parameter; however, DOM>1000Da slightly reduced SMZ K-d values overall. Our results support the use of vegetative buffers to mitigate veterinary antibiotic loss from agroecosystems, provide guidance for properly managing vegetative buff er strips to increase SMZ sorption, and enhance understanding of SMZ sorption to soil. C1 [Chu, Bei; Goyne, Keith W.; Anderson, Stephen H.] Univ Missouri, Dep Soil Environm & Atmospher Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Lin, Chung-Ho] Univ Missouri, Ctr Agroforestry, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Lerch, Robert N.] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Goyne, KW (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dep Soil Environm & Atmospher Sci, 302 ABNR Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM goynek@missouri.edu FU University of Missouri Center for Agroforestry [58-6227-2-008, 58-6227-5-029]; USDA-ARS FX This work was partially funded through the University of Missouri Center for Agroforestry under cooperative agreements 58-6227-2-008 and 58-6227-5-029 with the USDA-ARS. Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The authors thank current and former faculty and staff of the University of Missouri Center for Agroforestry and University of Missouri Research Stations for developing and maintaining the experimental sites sampled for this work and the staff at the USDA Cropping Systems and Water Quality Research Unit for analytical assistance. NR 77 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 10 U2 60 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 42 IS 3 BP 794 EP 805 DI 10.2134/jeq2012.0222 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 134LZ UT WOS:000318213000019 PM 23673946 ER PT J AU Tyler, HL Khalid, S Jackson, CR Moore, MT AF Tyler, Heather L. Khalid, Sheza Jackson, Colin R. Moore, Matthew T. TI Determining Potential for Microbial Atrazine Degradation in Agricultural Drainage Ditches SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID MAIZE RHIZOSPHERE SOIL; STRAIN ADP; MISSISSIPPI DELTA; LAMBDA-CYHALOTHRIN; GENE TRZN; LOAM SOIL; MINERALIZATION; METABOLITES; CATABOLISM; MANAGEMENT AB Passage of agricultural runoff through vegetated drainage ditches has been shown to reduce the amount of pesticides, such as atrazine, exiting out of agricultural watersheds. Previous studies have found that microbial communities in soil from fields treated with atrazine display enhanced rates of atrazine degradation. However, no studies have examined the potential for atrazine degradation in ditches used to drain these lands. The purpose of the current study was to determine the potential of the drainage ditch soil microbial community for atrazine degradation. Soil samples were collected from fields and adjacent drainage ditches and from nonagricultural land with no previous exposure to atrazine. Polymerase chain reaction analysis indicated widespread presence of atrazine degradation genes in fields and ditches. Potential for degradation was determined by following the decrease of atrazine in spiked soil samples over a 28-d incubation period. Greater than 95% of atrazine was degraded in field and ditch soils, whereas only 68.5 +/- 1.3% was degraded in the nonagricultural control. Comparison with autoclaved soil samples indicated the primary mechanism of atrazine degradation in agricultural soils was microbially mediated, whereas its breakdown in nonagricultural soil appeared to be the byproduct of abiotic processes. Therefore, microbial communities in drainage ditch sediments have the potential to play a role in atrazine removal from agricultural runoff by breaking down atrazine deposited in sediments and limiting the amount of this herbicide carried into downstream ecosystems. C1 [Tyler, Heather L.; Moore, Matthew T.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. [Tyler, Heather L.; Khalid, Sheza; Jackson, Colin R.] Univ Mississippi, Dept Biol, Oxford, MS 38677 USA. RP Tyler, HL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, 598 McElroy Dr,POB 1157, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. EM hltyler@olemiss.edu NR 52 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 27 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 42 IS 3 BP 828 EP 834 DI 10.2134/jeq2012.0388 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 134LZ UT WOS:000318213000023 PM 23673950 ER PT J AU Niandou, MAS Novak, JM Bansode, RR Yu, J Rehrah, D Ahmedna, M AF Niandou, Mohamed A. S. Novak, Jeffrey M. Bansode, Rishipal R. Yu, Jianmei Rehrah, Djaafar Ahmedna, Mohamed TI Selection of Pecan Shell-Based Activated Carbons for Removal of Organic and Inorganic Impurities from Water SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID AGRICULTURAL BY-PRODUCTS; ADSORPTION PROPERTIES; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; METALS; ZINC; PRECURSORS; NUTSHELLS; MECHANISM; ISOTHERM; COPPER AB carbons are a byproduct from pyrolysis and have value as a purifying agent. The effectiveness of activated carbons is dependent on feedstock selection and pyrolysis conditions that modify their surface properties. Therefore, pecan shell-based activated carbons (PSACs) were prepared by soaking shells in 50% (v/v) H-3 PO4 or 25 to 50% of KOH-NaHCO3 followed by pyrolysis at 400 to 700 degrees C under a N-2 atmosphere. Physically activated PSACs were produced by pyrolysis at 700 degrees C under N-2 followed by activation with steam or CO2 at 700 to 900 degrees C. Physicochemical, surface, and adsorption properties of the PSACs were compared with two commercially available activated carbons. The average mass yield of PSACs with respect to the initial mass of the biomass was about 20 and 34% for physically activated and chemically activated carbons, respectively. Acid-activated carbons exhibited higher surface area, higher bulk density, and lower ash content compared with steamor CO2-activated carbons and the two commercial products. Base activation led to the development of biochar with moderate to high surface area with surface charges suitable for adsorption of anionic species. Regardless of the activation method, PSACs had high total surface area ranging from 400 to 1000 m(2)g(-1), better pore size distribution, and more surface charges than commercial samples. Our results also showed that PSACs were effective in removing inorganic contaminants such as Cu2+ and NO3- as well as organic contaminants such as atrazine and metolachlor. This study showed that pyrolysis conditions and activation had a large influence on the PSAC's surface characteristics, which can limit its effectiveness as a custom sorbent for targeted water contaminants. C1 [Niandou, Mohamed A. S.; Yu, Jianmei; Rehrah, Djaafar] N Carolina Agr & Tech State Univ, Dept Family & Consumer Sci, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA. [Novak, Jeffrey M.] USDA ARS, Costal Plains Res Ctr, Florence, SC 29501 USA. [Bansode, Rishipal R.] N Carolina Agr & Tech State Univ, Ctr Excellence Post Harvest Technol, Kannapolis, NC 28081 USA. [Ahmedna, Mohamed] Qatar Univ, Dept Hlth Sci, Doha, Qatar. RP Ahmedna, M (reprint author), Qatar Univ, Dept Hlth Sci, POB 2713, Doha, Qatar. EM ahmedna@qu.edu.qa OI Ahmedna, Mohamed/0000-0001-8727-4300 FU United States Department of Agriculture [2002-02995]; Agricultural Research program at North Carolina Agricultural & Technical State University FX This research was supported by grant # 2002-02995 from United States Department of Agriculture and the Agricultural Research program at North Carolina Agricultural & Technical State University. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 59 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 42 IS 3 BP 902 EP 911 DI 10.2134/jeq2012.0433 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 134LZ UT WOS:000318213000031 PM 23673958 ER PT J AU Ippolito, JA Strawn, DG Scheckel, KG AF Ippolito, J. A. Strawn, D. G. Scheckel, K. G. TI Investigation of Copper Sorption by Sugar Beet Processing Lime Waste SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; HEAVY-METALS CD; ADSORPTION COMPLEXES; CALCITE SURFACE; FLY-ASH; WATER; CU2+; ZN2+; REMOVAL; IONS AB In the western United States, sugar beet processing for sugar recovery generates a lime-based waste product (similar to 250,000 Mg yr(-1)) that has little liming value in the region's calcareous soils. This area has recently experienced an increase in dairy production, with dairies using copper (Cu)-based hoof baths to prevent hoof diseases. A concern exists regarding soil Cu accumulation because spent hoof baths may be disposed of in waste ponds, with pond waters being used for irrigation. The objective of this preliminary study was to evaluate the ability of lime waste to sorb Cu. Lime waste was mixed with increasing Cu-containing solutions (up to 100,000 mg Cu kg(-1) lime waste) at various buffered pH values (pH 6, 7, 8, and 9) and shaken over various time periods (up to 30 d). Copper sorption phenomenon was quantified using sorption maximum fitting, and the sorption mechanism was investigated using X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Results showed that sorption onto lime waste increased with decreasing pH and that the maximum Cu sorption of similar to 45,000 mg kg(-1) occurred at pH 6. X-ray absorption spectroscopy indicated that Cu(OH)(2) was the probable species present, although the precipitate existed as small multinuclear precipitates on the surface of the lime waste. Such structures may be precursors for larger surface precipitates that develop over longer incubation times. Findings suggest that sugar beet processing lime waste can viably sorb Cu from liquid waste streams, and thus it may have the ability to remove Cu from spent hoof baths. C1 [Ippolito, J. A.] USDA ARS, Northwest Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. [Strawn, D. G.] Univ Idaho, Dept Plant Soil & Entomol Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Scheckel, K. G.] Natl Risk Management Res Lab, US Environm Protect Agcy, Cincinnati, OH 45224 USA. RP Ippolito, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Northwest Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, 3793 N 3600E, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. EM jim.ippolito@ars.usda.gov RI ID, MRCAT/G-7586-2011; Scheckel, Kirk/C-3082-2009; Strawn, Daniel/B-6936-2012 OI Scheckel, Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241; NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 42 IS 3 BP 919 EP 924 DI 10.2134/jeq2013.01.0004 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 134LZ UT WOS:000318213000033 PM 23673960 ER PT J AU Parnell, CB Mcgee, RO Ganesan, B Vanderlick, FJ Hughs, SE Green, K AF Parnell, C. B., Jr. McGee, R. O. Ganesan, B. Vanderlick, F. J. Hughs, S. E. Green, K. TI A critical evaluation of combustible/explosible dust testing methods - Part 1 SO JOURNAL OF LOSS PREVENTION IN THE PROCESS INDUSTRIES LA English DT Article DE Cotton gin dust; Explosible dust; Dust explosion; ASTM testing method for combustible dust; CAAQES method for combustible dust AB Tests were conducted by the Center for Agricultural Air Quality Engineering and Science (CAAQES) and by Safety Consulting Engineers Inc. (SCE) to determine if dust found in cotton gins (gin dust) would serve as fuel for dust explosions. In other words, is gin dust explosible? The laboratory tests used by CAAQES and SCE are very different. SCE used a totally enclosed 20 liter (L) chamber, flame from a 10,000 J (10 kJ) ignition source, reported that gin dust was a class 'A' explosible dust. CAAQES used a 28.3-L (1 ft(3)) chamber with diaphragm, a stationary coil as the igniter, video and pressure recordings of each test and concluded that gin dust was not explosible. SCE followed the protocols specified by ASTM E1226 and E1515. The only indicator used to determine whether a deflagration occurred during a test was pressure. If the pressure rise exceeded one bar gage (g) in a 20-L chamber test with a flame from a 10 kJ energy source as the igniter, it was assumed that a deflagration occurred in the chamber and the dust was classified as explosible (ASTM E1226-05, 2005). The CAAQES criterion for determining if a dust was explosible consisted of determining the minimum explosive concentration (MEC). If the MEC existed using the CAAQES test system, it was explosible! The criteria used with the CAAQES method for determining the MEC was to test concentrations starting at concentrations above the MEC and lowering the concentrations until at least one of the three tests at that concentration failed to result in a deflagration. The indicators of a deflagration were (1) bursting of a diaphragm, (2) flame front leaving the chamber and (3) characteristic pressure vs. time curve. It was concluded that the ASTM method of using only pressure as the indicator of a deflagration in a totally enclosed chamber would likely result of an "over-driven" test and an incorrect finding that gin dust was explosible. The result of CAAQES testing was that gin dust was not explosible. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Parnell, C. B., Jr.; McGee, R. O.; Ganesan, B.; Vanderlick, F. J.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, College Stn, TX 77840 USA. [Hughs, S. E.] USDA, ARS, Cotton Ginning Res Lab, Mesilla Pk, NM USA. [Green, K.] Texas Cotton Ginners Assoc, Austin, TX USA. RP Parnell, CB (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, 201 Scoates Hall, College Stn, TX 77840 USA. EM c-parnell@tamu.edu NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0950-4230 J9 J LOSS PREVENT PROC JI J. Loss Prev. Process Ind. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 26 IS 3 SI SI BP 427 EP 433 DI 10.1016/j.jlp.2012.07.017 PG 7 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 146KK UT WOS:000319089800005 ER PT J AU Cooper, KK Songer, JG Uzal, FA AF Cooper, Kerry K. Songer, J. Glenn Uzal, Francisco A. TI Diagnosing clostridial enteric disease in poultry SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Review DE Clostridium; diagnosis; enteric; poultry ID ANTIMICROBIAL GROWTH PROMOTERS; INDUCED NECROTIC ENTERITIS; CAPERCAILLIES TETRAO-UROGALLUS; CHICKENS FOLLOWING INFUSION; BILE-DUCT LIGATIONS; BROILER-CHICKENS; ALPHA-TOXIN; ULCERATIVE ENTERITIS; PERFRINGENS INFECTION; QUAIL DISEASE AB The world's poultry industry has grown into a multibillion-dollar business, the success of which hinges on healthy intestinal tracts, which result in effective feed conversion. Enteric disease in poultry can have devastating economic effects on producers, due to high mortality rates and poor feed efficiency. Clostridia are considered to be among the most important agents of enteric disease in poultry. Diagnosis of enteric diseases produced by clostridia is usually challenging, mainly because many clostridial species can be normal inhabitants of the gut, making it difficult to determine their role in virulence. The most common clostridial enteric disease in poultry is necrotic enteritis, caused by Clostridium perfringens, which typically occurs in broiler chickens but has also been diagnosed in various avian species including turkeys, waterfowl, and ostriches. Diagnosis is based on clinical and pathological findings. Negative culture and toxin detection results may be used to rule out this disease, but isolation of C. perfringens and/or detection of its alpha toxin are of little value to confirm the disease because both are often found in the intestine of healthy birds. Ulcerative enteritis, caused by Clostridium colinum, is the other major clostridial enteric disease of poultry. Diagnosis of ulcerative enteritis is by documentation of typical pathological findings, coupled with isolation of C. colinum from the intestine of affected birds. Other clostridial enteric diseases include infections produced by Clostridium difficile, Clostridium fallax, and Clostridium baratii. C1 [Cooper, Kerry K.] ARS, Produce Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA USA. [Songer, J. Glenn] Iowa State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Prevent Med, Coll Vet Med, Ames, IA USA. RP Uzal, FA (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Calif Anim Hlth & Food Safety Lab Syst, San Bernardino Branch, Sch Vet Med, 105 West Cent Ave, San Bernardino, CA 92408 USA. EM fuzal@cahfs.ucdavis.edu NR 136 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 8 U2 24 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1040-6387 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 25 IS 3 BP 314 EP 327 DI 10.1177/1040638713483468 PG 14 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 148CP UT WOS:000319220700001 PM 23572451 ER PT J AU Alzohairy, AM MacDonald, MH Matthews, BF AF Alzohairy, Ahmed Mansour MacDonald, Margaret H. Matthews, Benjamin F. TI The pJan25 vector series: An enhancement of the Gateway-compatible vector pGWB533 for broader promoter testing applications SO PLASMID LA English DT Article DE Plasmid; pJan25; Gateway; eGFP; GUS; Promoter ID BINARY VECTORS; HIGHER-PLANTS; AGROBACTERIUM-RHIZOGENES; GLYCINE-MAX; TRANSFORMATION AB Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of plants has enhanced our ability to progress more rapidly in plant genetic engineering. Development of binary vectors for Agrobacterium has played a major role in advancing plant biology. Here, we report new features added to the Gateway-compatible vector pGWB533 for promoter testing with the reporter gene encoding beta-glucuronidase (GUS). The original vector contains the spectinomycin/streptomycin adenylyltransferase (aadA) gene for bacterial selection and the hygromycin phosphotransferase gene (hpt) for transformed plant selection. However, some bacterial strains used to transform plants, such as Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain K599, have elevated tolerance to spectinomycin and streptomycin, thus making bacterial selection of pGWB533 inefficient. Although pGWB533 confers chemical selection for transgenic plants using hygromycin resistance, the plasmid has no visual marker that enables visual selection of transformed plants or transgenic tissue. In this regard, adding a gene to constitutively express green fluorescent protein (eGFP) makes it easier to visually select the transformed tissue and trim out the non-transformed. In this report we describe a series of vectors, pJan25S (NCBI: KC416200), pJan25T (NCBI: KC416201) and pJan25X (NCBI: KC416202), that are enhancements of pGWB533 for promoter testing. All three vectors contain the gene encoding eGFP as a visual marker for transformed tissue. However, in pJan25S and pJan25T, eGFP is controlled by the rolD promoter for root-specific expression, while in pJan25X it is controlled by the CaMV35S promoter for constitutive expression in all plant tissues. Spectinomycin and streptomycin resistance remains in pJan25S for bacterial selection; however, pJan25T and pJan25X contain the gene encoding tetracycline resistance (tet) for bacterial selection. These changes resulted in enhanced vectors with better visual and chemical selection that should have broad application in promoter studies. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Alzohairy, Ahmed Mansour] Zagazig Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Genet, Zagazig, Egypt. [Alzohairy, Ahmed Mansour; MacDonald, Margaret H.; Matthews, Benjamin F.] ARS, USDA, PSI, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Matthews, BF (reprint author), ARS, USDA, PSI, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, 10300 Beltsville Ave,Bldg 006, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM ben.matthews@ars.usda.gov OI Alzohairy, Ahmed/0000-0003-1737-8184 FU United Soybean Board; Fulbright program; Arab Fund fellowship program FX The authors would like to acknowledge Prof. Dr Tsuyoshi Nakagawa, Department of Molecular and Functional Genomics, Center for Integrated Research in Science, Shimane University, for providing the Gateway vector pGWB533 for research purposes. We also thank Dr. I. Maiti, University of Kentucky, for providing the figwort mosaic virus subgenomic transcript (FMV) promoter. The authors thank Eric Brewer for critical review of the manuscript, and gratefully acknowledge support from United Soybean Board and from the Fulbright and Arab Fund fellowship programs. Mention of trade name, proprietary product, or vendor does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the U.S. Department of Agriculture or imply its approval to the exclusion of other products or vendors that also may be suitable. The names of these new plasmids were inspired by the Egyptian revolution in January 25th 2011 (AMA). NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0147-619X J9 PLASMID JI Plasmid PD MAY PY 2013 VL 69 IS 3 BP 249 EP 256 DI 10.1016/j.plasmid.2013.01.005 PG 8 WC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology SC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology GA 150CT UT WOS:000319368500007 PM 23353052 ER PT J AU Wright, CS AF Wright, Clinton S. TI Models for Predicting Fuel Consumption in Sagebrush-Dominated Ecosystems SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Artemisia tridentata; big sagebrush; fire effects; modeling; shrubs ID FIRE BEHAVIOR; PRESCRIBED FIRES; BIG SAGEBRUSH; FOREST; SPREAD; DUFF; REDUCTION; INTENSITY; COMMUNITY; HABITAT AB Fuel consumption predictions are necessary to accurately estimate or model fire effects, including pollutant emissions during wildland fires. Fuel and environmental measurements on a series of operational prescribed fires were used to develop empirical models for predicting fuel consumption in big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata Nutt.) ecosystems. Models are proposed for predicting fuel consumption during prescribed fires in the fall and the spring. Total prefire fuel loading ranged from 5.3-23.6 Mg ha(-1); between 32% and 92% of the total loading was composed of live and dead big sagebrush. Fuel consumption ranged from 0.8-22.3 Mg.ha(-1), which equates to 11-99% of prefire loading (mean=59%). Model predictors include prefire shrub loading, proportion of area burned, and season of burn for shrub fuels (R-2=0.91). Models for predicting proportion of area burned for spring and fall fires were also developed (R-2=0.64 and 0.77 for spring and fall fire models, respectively). Proportion of area burned, an indicator of the patchiness of the fire, was best predicted from the coverage of the herbaceous vegetation layer, wind speed, and slope; for spring fires, day-of-burn 10-h woody fuel moisture content was also an important predictor variable. Models predicted independent shrub consumption measurements within 8.1% (fall) and 12.6% (spring) for sagebrush fires. C1 US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Pacific Wildland Fire Sci Lab, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. RP Wright, CS (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Pacific Wildland Fire Sci Lab, 400 North 34th St,Suite 201, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. EM cwright@fs.fed.us FU Joint Fire Science Program [JFSP 03-1-3-06]; US Forest Service National Fire Plan FX Research was funded in part by the Joint Fire Science Program under Project JFSP 03-1-3-06 and the US Forest Service National Fire Plan. NR 83 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 13 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 66 IS 3 BP 254 EP 266 DI 10.2111/REM-D-12-00027.1 PG 13 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 151US UT WOS:000319486300002 ER PT J AU Pierson, FB Williams, CJ Hardegree, SP Clark, PE Kormos, PR Al-Hamdan, OZ AF Pierson, Frederick B. Williams, C. Jason Hardegree, Stuart P. Clark, Patrick E. Kormos, Patrick R. Al-Hamdan, Osama Z. TI Hydrologic and Erosion Responses of Sagebrush Steppe Following Juniper Encroachment, Wildfire, and Tree Cutting SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE infiltration; restoration; runoff; SageSTEP; tree removal; woodland encroachment ID SOIL-WATER REPELLENCY; WESTERN JUNIPER; VEGETATION PATCHES; PLANT-COMMUNITIES; TRANSITION MODELS; INTERRILL RUNOFF; PRESCRIBED-FIRE; PINYON; WOODLAND; INFILTRATION AB Extensive woodland expansion in the Great Basin has generated concern regarding ecological impacts of tree encroachment on sagebrush rangelands and strategies for restoring sagebrush steppe. This study used rainfall (0.5 m(2) and 13 m(2) scales) and concentrated flow simulations and measures of vegetation, ground cover, and soils to investigate hydrologic and erosion impacts of western juniper (juniperus occidentalis Hook.) encroachment into sagebrush steppe and to evaluate short-term effects of burning and tree cutting on runoff and erosion responses. The overall effects of tree encroachment were a reduction in understory vegetation and formation of highly erodible, bare intercanopy between trees. Runoff and erosion from high-intensity rainfall (102 mm.h(-1), 13 m(2) plots) were generally low from unburned areas underneath tree canopies (13 mm and 48 g m(-2)) and were higher from the unburned intercanopy (43 mm and 272 g.m(-2)). Intercanopy erosion increased linearly with runoff and exponentially where bare ground exceeded 60%. Erosion from simulated concentrated flow was 15- to 25-fold greater from the unburned intercanopy than unburned tree canopy areas. Severe burning amplified erosion from tree canopy plots by a factor of 20 but had a favorable effect on concentrated flow erosion from the intercanopy. Two years postfire, erosion remained 20-fold greater on burned than unburned tree plots, but concentrated flow erosion from the intercanopy (76% of study area) was reduced by herbaceous recruitment. The results indicate burning may amplify runoff and erosion immediately postfire. However, we infer burning that sustains residual understory cover and stimulates vegetation productivity may provide long-term reduction of soil loss relative to woodland persistence. Simply placing cut-downed trees into the unburned intercanopy had minimal immediate impact on infiltration and soil loss. Results suggest cut-tree treatments should focus on establishing tree debris contact with the soil surface if treatments are expected to reduce short-term soil loss during the postcut understory recruitment period. C1 [Pierson, Frederick B.; Williams, C. Jason; Hardegree, Stuart P.; Clark, Patrick E.; Al-Hamdan, Osama Z.] USDA ARS, Northwest Watershed Res Ctr, Boise, ID 83712 USA. [Kormos, Patrick R.] Boise State Univ, Dept Geosci, Boise, ID 83725 USA. [Al-Hamdan, Osama Z.] Univ Idaho, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. RP Pierson, FB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Northwest Watershed Res Ctr, 800 Pk Blvd,Suite 105, Boise, ID 83712 USA. EM fred.pierson@ars.usda.gov OI Kormos, Patrick/0000-0003-1874-9215; Clark, Patrick/0000-0003-4299-1853; Williams, Jason/0000-0002-6289-4789 FU US Joint Fire Science Program; Bureau of Land Management; National Interagency Fire Center FX This is Contribution Number 59 of the Sagebrush Steppe Treatment Evaluation Project (SageSTEP), funded by the US Joint Fire Science Program, Bureau of Land Management, and the National Interagency Fire Center. NR 61 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 38 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 66 IS 3 BP 274 EP 289 DI 10.2111/REM-D-12-00104.1 PG 16 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 151US UT WOS:000319486300004 ER PT J AU Russe, ML Vermeire, LT Dufek, NA Strong, DJ AF Russe, M. L. Vermeire, L. T. Dufek, N. A. Strong, D. J. TI Fire, Defoliation, and Competing Species Alter Aristida purpurea Biomass, Tiller, and Axillary Bud Production SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Bouteloua; Pascopyrum; prescribed burning; productivity; purple threeawn; simulated grazing ID NORTHERN GREAT-PLAINS; PERENNIAL GRASSES; SHORTGRASS STEPPE; HERBIVORY TOLERANCE; AGROPYRON-SPICATUM; NITROGEN GRADIENT; SEMIARID SAVANNA; SUMMER FIRE; VEGETATION; GRASSLAND AB Aristida purpurea (purple threeawn) is a competitive native perennial grass with monoculturistic tendencies and poor palatability. We examined effects of fire, defoliation, and interspecific/intraspecific planting for 1) threeawn responses in the presence of threeawn, Bouteloua gracilis, or Pascopyrum smithii, and 2) B. gracilis and P. smithii response with threeawn. Biomass, aboveground production, tillers, and axillary buds were analyzed following two fire and four clipping treatments applied to three species pair combinations in a completely randomized factorial design with nine replications. Fire killed 36% of threeawn. Fire reduced surviving threeawn biomass 61% and reduced production 27%. Threeawn production was greatest when neither plant was clipped and least when competing species were moderately clipped, or when both plants were severely clipped. Tiller counts of burned threeawn were similar among clipping treatments, and less than non-clipped or moderately clipped plants not burned. Fire decreased threeawn axillary buds on average by 25%. Moderately clipped plants had greater production than those from other clipping treatments across species. Average threeawn percentage of pot biomass was greater with B. gracilis (46 +/- 3% SE) than P. smithii (38 +/- 3% SE). Fire reduced threeawn from 60 +/- 3% to 23 +/- 3% of pot biomass, indicating good potential for rapid reductions in threeawn dominance and restoration of plant diversity with fire. C1 [Russe, M. L.; Dufek, N. A.] N Dakota State Univ, Sch Nat Resources, Range Sci Program, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Vermeire, L. T.; Strong, D. J.] USDA ARS, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. RP Vermeire, LT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, 243 Ft Keogh Rd, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. EM lance.vermeire@ars.usda.gov FU Bureau of Land Management through Native Landscape Improvement Project FX Major funding support was provided by the Bureau of Land Management through the Native Landscape Improvement Project. NR 48 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 16 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 66 IS 3 BP 290 EP 296 DI 10.2111/REM-D-12-00143.1 PG 7 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 151US UT WOS:000319486300005 ER PT J AU Evers, LB Miller, RF Doescher, PS Hemstrom, M Neilson, RP AF Evers, Louisa B. Miller, Richard F. Doescher, Paul S. Hemstrom, Miles Neilson, Ronald P. TI Simulating Current Successional Trajectories in Sagebrush Ecosystems With Multiple Disturbances Using a State-and-Transition Modeling Framework SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE annual grasses; juniper; livestock grazing; Vegetation Dynamics Development Tool; vegetation treatments ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; HISTORICAL FIRE REGIMES; MOUNTAIN BIG SAGEBRUSH; SNAKE RIVER PLAINS; GREAT-BASIN; BROMUS-TECTORUM; DEMOGRAPHIC RESPONSES; SOUTHWESTERN MONTANA; JUNIPER VEGETATION; AGROPYRON-SPICATUM AB Disturbances and their interactions play major roles in sagebrush (Artemisia spp. L.) community dynamics. Although impacts of some disturbances, most notably fire, have been quantified at the landscape level, some have been ignored and rarely are interactions between disturbances evaluated. We developed conceptual state-and-transition models for each of two broad sagebrush groups-a warm-dry group characterized by Wyoming big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata Nutt. subsp. wyomingensis Beetle & Young) communities and a cool-moist group characterized by mountain big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata Nutt. subsp. vase yana [Rydb.] Beetle) communities. We used the Vegetation Dynamics Development Tool to explore how the abundance of community phases and states in each conceptual model might be affected by fire, insect outbreak, drought, snow mold, voles, sudden drops in winter temperatures (freeze-kill), livestock grazing, juniper (Juniperus occidentalis var. occidentalis Hook.) expansion, nonnative annual grasses such as cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L.), and vegetation treatments. Changes in fuel continuity and loading resulted in average fire rotations of 12 yr in the warm-dry sagebrush group and 81 yr in the cool-moist sagebrush group. Model results in the warm-dry sagebrush group indicated postfire seeding success alone was not sufficient to limit the area of cheatgrass domination. The frequency of episodes of very high utilization by domestic livestock during severe drought was a key influence on community phase abundance in our models. In the cool-moist sagebrush group, model results indicated at least 10% of the juniper expansion area should be treated annually to keep juniper in check. Regardless, juniper seedlings and saplings would remain abundant. C1 [Evers, Louisa B.] Bur Land Management, Oregon State Off, Portland, OR 97204 USA. [Miller, Richard F.] Oregon State Univ, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Doescher, Paul S.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Hemstrom, Miles] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland, OR 97204 USA. [Neilson, Ronald P.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Evers, LB (reprint author), Bur Land Management, Oregon State Off, OR 933,333 SW 1st Ave, Portland, OR 97204 USA. FU Bureau of Land Management, Oregon State Office, Fire and Aviation Management FX This research was funded by the Bureau of Land Management, Oregon State Office, Fire and Aviation Management. NR 138 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 41 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 EI 1551-5028 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 66 IS 3 BP 313 EP 329 DI 10.2111/REM-D-11-00220.1 PG 17 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 151US UT WOS:000319486300008 ER PT J AU Brownsey, P Oviedo, JL Huntsinger, L Allen-Diaz, B AF Brownsey, Philip Oviedo, Jose L. Huntsinger, Lynn Allen-Diaz, Barbara TI Historical Forage Productivity and Cost of Capital for Cow-Calf Production in California SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE bioeconomic model; capital asset pricing; financial risk; rangeland economics ID CONSUMPTIVE-USE COMPONENTS; RURAL LAND VALUES; RISK; EQUILIBRIUM; AMENITIES; VALUATION; TEXAS AB Exposure of livestock grazing to forage productivity variation and to market fluctuations affects the risk of investment and returns from cow-calf operations, but little work has been done to empirically compare these returns to the returns that would be demanded by financial markets from assets with similar risk and return characteristics. This study uses historical forage production data from three rangeland locations in California, and cattle and hay prices, to simulate financial statements for three hypothetical cow-calf producers in the period 1988-2007. Return on investment from year to year incorporates the variability and risk associated with dependence on natural forage production. Performance is then compared to the actual performance of a diversified portfolio of assets using the Capital Asset Pricing Model, from which the theoretical cost of capital for these hypothetical grazing enterprises is derived. Much like other agricultural enterprises, cow-calf production in California has low market risk and a low theoretical cost of capital. This theoretical cost of capital is still greater than the historical return from livestock production (excluding land appreciation) in the western United States, adding further backing to the point often made in the literature that ranchers who engage in cow-calf production are receiving benefits beyond the commercial returns from livestock production alone. C1 [Brownsey, Philip] US Forest Serv, Redding, CA 96002 USA. [Oviedo, Jose L.] CSIC, Inst Publ Goods & Policies IPP, Madrid 28037, Spain. [Huntsinger, Lynn; Allen-Diaz, Barbara] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Allen-Diaz, Barbara] Univ Calif, Div Agr & Nat Resources, Oakland, CA 94607 USA. RP Oviedo, JL (reprint author), CSIC, Inst Publ Goods & Policies IPP, Albasanz 26-28,3D26, Madrid 28037, Spain. EM jose.oviedo@cchs.csic.es RI Huntsinger, Lynn/G-5453-2011; Oviedo, Jose/F-7641-2016 OI Huntsinger, Lynn/0000-0001-9444-4152; Oviedo, Jose/0000-0003-2043-5020 FU Russell Rustici Endowed Chair at University of California, Berkeley; Forest and Rangeland Assessment Program of the California Dept of Forestry and Fire Protection; Spanish National Research Council [200910I130] FX Research was funded by the Russell Rustici Endowed Chair at University of California, Berkeley, by the Forest and Rangeland Assessment Program of the California Dept of Forestry and Fire Protection, and by the Intramural Grant 200910I130 (Avances en tecnicas econometricas aplicadas a la valoracion ambiental y a modelos de cambio de uso del suelo) of the Spanish National Research Council. NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 17 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 66 IS 3 BP 339 EP 347 DI 10.2111/REM-D-11-00059.1 PG 9 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 151US UT WOS:000319486300010 ER PT J AU Duniway, MC Herrick, JE AF Duniway, Michael C. Herrick, Jeffrey E. TI Assessing Impacts of Roads: Application of a Standard Assessment Protocol SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE adaptive management; assessment; monitoring; off-highway vehicles; oil and gas; rangeland health ID RANGELAND HEALTH; ECOSYSTEM; DESERT; RESTORATION; DISTURBANCE; ATTRIBUTES; MANAGEMENT; FRAMEWORK; MONGOLIA; SOILS AB Adaptive management of road networks depends on timely data that accurately reflect the impacts those systems are having on ecosystem processes and associated services. In the absence of reliable data, land managers are left with little more than observations and perceptions to support management decisions of road-associated disturbances. Roads can negatively impact the soil, hydrologic, plant, and animal processes on which virtually all ecosystem services depend. The Interpreting Indicators of Rangeland Health (IIRH) protocol is a qualitative method that has been demonstrated to be effective in characterizing impacts of roads. The goal of this study were to develop, describe, and test an approach for using IIRH to systematically evaluate road impacts across large, diverse arid and semiarid landscapes. We developed a stratified random sampling approach to plot selection based on ecological potential, road inventory data, and image interpretation of road impacts. The test application on a semiarid landscape in southern New Mexico, United States, demonstrates that the approach developed is sensitive to road impacts across a broad range of ecological sites but that not all the types of stratification were useful. Ecological site and road inventory strata accounted for significant variability in the functioning of ecological processes but stratification based on apparent impact did not. Analysis of the repeatability of IIRH applied to road plots indicates that the method is repeatable but consensus evaluations based on multiple observers should be used to minimize risk of bias. Landscape-scale analysis of impacts by roads of contrasting designs (maintained dirt or gravel roads vs. non- or infrequently maintained roads) suggests that future travel management plans for the study area should consider concentrating traffic on fewer roads that are well designed and maintained. Application of the approach by land managers will likely provide important insights into minimizing impacts of road networks on key ecosystem services. C1 [Duniway, Michael C.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Moab, UT 84532 USA. [Herrick, Jeffrey E.] USDA ARS Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Duniway, MC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, 2290 S West Resource Blvd, Moab, UT 84532 USA. EM mduniway@usgs.gov OI Duniway, Michael/0000-0002-9643-2785 FU Bureau of Land Management; Conservation Effects Assessment Project (Agricultural Research Service); Conservation Effects Assessment Project (Natural Resources Conservation Service) FX This work was funded by the Bureau of Land Management, with additional support from the Conservation Effects Assessment Project (Agricultural Research Service and Natural Resources Conservation Service). NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 35 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 66 IS 3 BP 364 EP 375 DI 10.2111/REM-D-11-00130.1 PG 12 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 151US UT WOS:000319486300013 ER PT J AU Yoo, CK Buccola, S Gopinath, M AF Yoo, Chun-Kwon Buccola, Steven Gopinath, Munisamy TI Cooperative pricing and scale efficiency: The case of Korean rice processing complexes SO AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE L21; L25; L31; Q13; Cooperatives; Firm objectives; Pricing efficiency; Scale efficiency AB Unlike most investor-owned enterprises, cooperatives often have freedom to choose among a variety of firm objectives. Using 20022008 plant- and province-level data, we ask in the present article which of several alternative maximands a Korean cooperative rice processing firm pursues. In contrast to earlier studies, farmer-member supply functions are incorporated into the cooperative's optimization framework. We show that only large cooperative firms have operated at efficient scale, while small and medium-sized ones have been scale-inefficient. Because the latter operate where scale returns are increasing, mergers of small and medium-sized cooperatives likely would be cost-reducing and member-return-enhancing. C1 [Yoo, Chun-Kwon] Natl Agr Cooperat Federat Nonghyup, Seoul, South Korea. [Buccola, Steven] Oregon State Univ, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Gopinath, Munisamy] ERS, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Buccola, S (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM sbuccola@oregonstate.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0169-5150 J9 AGR ECON-BLACKWELL JI Agric. Econ. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 44 IS 3 BP 309 EP 321 DI 10.1111/agec.12013 PG 13 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA 144HI UT WOS:000318929900004 ER PT J AU Selling, GW Maness, A Bean, S Smith, B AF Selling, Gordon W. Maness, Ashley Bean, Scott Smith, Brennan TI Impact of Thiocyanate Salts on Physical, Thermal, and Rheological Properties of Zein Films SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TENSILE PROPERTIES; WATER-ABSORPTION; CROSS-LINKING; PROTEINS; PLASTICIZATION; PERMEABILITY; TEMPERATURE; FIBERS; ACIDS AB A new class of zein additives was investigated, thiocyanate salts. Ammonium, potassium, guanidine (GTC), and magnesium thiocyanate salts were added to solutions of zein in with various amounts of tri(ethylene glycol) (TEG), cast as films, and then tested to determine the impact that each salt had on properties. The presence of these salts affected solution rheology and intrinsic viscosity, demonstrating that the salts interacted with the protein. It was found that these salts acted as plasticizers, as they lowered the glass transition temperature of zein when evaluated with differential scanning calorimetry. In zein films in which TEG was present, these salts increased elongation and reduced tensile strength. However, unlike traditional plasticizers (such as TEG), when the salts were used as the only additive, elongation was not increased and tensile strength was not decreased. Of the salts tested, GTC in combination with TEG was found to increase elongation the most. The impact of salts on elongation was greatly affected by the relative humidity in which the samples were stored. C1 [Selling, Gordon W.; Maness, Ashley] ARS, Plant Polymer Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Bean, Scott; Smith, Brennan] ARS, USDA, CGAHR, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Selling, GW (reprint author), ARS, Plant Polymer Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM gordon.selling@ars.usda.gov OI Bean, Scott/0000-0001-8678-8094 NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 20 PU AACC INTERNATIONAL PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 90 IS 3 BP 204 EP 210 DI 10.1094/CCHEM-09-12-0123-R PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 142BY UT WOS:000318772300005 ER PT J AU Mendis, M Ohm, JB Delcour, JA Gebruers, K Meinhardt, S Simsek, S AF Mendis, Mihiri Ohm, Jae-Bom Delcour, Jan A. Gebruers, Kurt Meinhardt, Steven Simsek, Senay TI Variability in Arabinoxylan, Xylanase Activity, and Xylanase Inhibitor Levels in Hard Spring Wheat SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ENDOXYLANASE INHIBITOR; PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES; REFRIGERATED DOUGH; PLANT DEFENSE; FLOUR; BARLEY; INSIGHT; KERNELS; QUALITY; TAXI AB Arabinoxylans (AX), xylanase, and xylanase inhibitors have an important role in many cereal food processing applications. The effects of genotype, growing location, and their interaction (G x L) on AX, apparent xylanase activity, and apparent xylanase inhibition activity of Triticum aestivum xylanase inhibitor (TAXI) and xylanase inhibiting protein (XIP) were investigated for six hard red and six hard white spring wheat genotypes grown at three locations. Difference in total AX level among genotypes was not determined to a significant level by genotype. Instead, variability in total AX content was largely dependent on G x L. However, total AX content was significantly different between the two wheat classes. For bran xylanase activity, 25% of the variability could be attributed to G x L interaction. Moreover, there was significant difference between the bran xylanase activities in the two wheat classes. Bran TAXI activity and XIP activity were significantly different among genotypes. Genotype contributed 72% to the variability in TAXI activity and 39% in XIP. However, no significant difference was observed among the two wheat classes for TAXI or XIP activity. These results indicate that TAXI might be a stable parameter in segregating wheat genotypes with varying xylanase activity. C1 [Mendis, Mihiri; Simsek, Senay] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Cereal Sci Grad Program, Dept 7670, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Ohm, Jae-Bom] N Dakota State Univ, USDA ARS, Hard Red Spring & Durum Wheat Qual Lab, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Delcour, Jan A.; Gebruers, Kurt] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Food Chem Lab, B-3001 Louvain, Belgium. [Delcour, Jan A.; Gebruers, Kurt] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Leuven Food Sci & Nutr Res Ctr LFoRCe, B-3001 Louvain, Belgium. [Meinhardt, Steven] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Dept 7660, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. RP Simsek, S (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Cereal Sci Grad Program, Dept 7670, POB 6050, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. EM senay.simsek@ndsu.edu RI Delcour, Jan/A-7636-2013; OI delcour, jan/0000-0003-2954-1022 FU National Science Foundation [HRD-0811239]; North Dakota Wheat Commission FX Our appreciation extends to Paul Schwarz for his assistance, advice, and time contribution rendered to this project. We also thank Kristin Whitney for the help extended during laboratory and equipment use and for valuable input. We acknowledge the National Science Foundation Grant (# HRD-0811239) to the NDSU Advance FORWARD program and the North Dakota Wheat Commission for funding this research. Jan A. Delcour is W. K. Kellogg Chair in Cereal Science and Nutrition at KU Leuven. NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 33 PU AACC INTERNATIONAL PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 90 IS 3 BP 240 EP 248 DI 10.1094/CCHEM-08-12-0103-R PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 142BY UT WOS:000318772300010 ER PT J AU Sorensen, ADM Friel, J Winkler-Moser, JK Jacobsen, C Huidrom, D Reddy, N Thiyam-Hollander, U AF Sorensen, Ann-Dorit Moltke Friel, James Winkler-Moser, Jill K. Jacobsen, Charlotte Huidrom, Dayanidhi Reddy, Narsi Thiyam-Hollaender, Usha TI Impact of endogenous canola phenolics on the oxidative stability of oil-in-water emulsions SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF LIPID SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Antioxidant activity; Canolol; Lipid oxidation; Sinapic acid; Sinapine ID ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; DIHYDROCAFFEIC ACID; LIPID OXIDATION; IRON-CHELATION; ENRICHED MILK; FOOD; DERIVATIVES; RAPESEED; BEHAVIOR; SYSTEMS AB The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidative effect of phenolics naturally present in canola seeds and meal. Individual phenolics were extracted from ground, defatted canola seeds, and meal. Fractionated extracts rich in sinapic acid, sinapine, or canolol as well as a non-fractionated extract were used. These extracts (100 and 350 mu M) were evaluated as antioxidants in stripped canola oil-in-water (o/w) emulsion. For comparison, the antioxidative effect of phenolic standards for sinapic acid and sinapine (as sinapine thiocyanate) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BTH) as a positive control were also evaluated. The concentration of lipid hydroperoxides and selected volatiles measured at different time points was used to evaluate the antioxidative effect. Moreover, the properties of extracts and corresponding phenolic standards were evaluated in three different in vitro antioxidant assays. All extracts and standard antioxidants had radical scavenging activity and reducing power. The antioxidant standards and extracts inhibited lipid oxidation in the emulsions compared to no antioxidant added. At 100 mu M the effectiveness of the extracts was as follows: sinapine>whole extract>sinapic acid>canolol>Con2 (no antioxidant). At 350 mu M the ranking was as follows: canololsinapinewhole extractsinapic acid>Con2. Sinapine and sinapic acid extracts were more efficient antioxidants than the corresponding pure standards. However, the most efficient antioxidant in this study was BHT. The differences in effectiveness may be ascribed to mainly the different chain attached to the phenolic ring, which results in different polarity and thus different location in the emulsions. Practical applications: The result showed stronger antioxidant activity of canola extracts than phenolic standards. Therefore, these canola extracts can be used for protecting canola oil emulsion or other emulsions against lipid oxidation. However, the results indicate that the antioxidant activity of the extracts rich in sinapine and canolol had a concentration-sensitive effect. In order to get the best antioxidative effect, optimization of the concentration to be used for each specific application is necessary. C1 [Sorensen, Ann-Dorit Moltke; Friel, James; Huidrom, Dayanidhi; Reddy, Narsi; Thiyam-Hollaender, Usha] Univ Manitoba, Dept Human Nutr Sci, Richardson Ctr Funct Foods & Nutraceut, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. [Winkler-Moser, Jill K.] ARS, USDA, NCAUR, Peoria, IL USA. [Jacobsen, Charlotte] Tech Univ Denmark, Div Ind Food Res, Natl Food Inst, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. RP Thiyam-Hollander, U (reprint author), Univ Manitoba, Dept Human Nutr Sci, Richardson Ctr Funct Foods & Nutraceut, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. EM thiyam@cc.umanitoba.ca RI Jacobsen, Charlotte/C-3678-2008; Socaciu, Carmen/P-8358-2014; Sorensen, Ann-Dorit Moltke/J-9063-2016 OI Jacobsen, Charlotte/0000-0003-3540-9669; Socaciu, Carmen/0000-0002-7352-5057; FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); Canola council of Canada (Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada); Syngenta(R) Crop protection, Inc., Canada FX The study was financed by Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), Canola council of Canada (Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada) and Syngenta (R) Crop protection, Inc., Canada. NR 31 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 34 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1438-7697 J9 EUR J LIPID SCI TECH JI Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 115 IS 5 BP 501 EP 512 DI 10.1002/ejlt.201200354 PG 12 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 142HP UT WOS:000318788300009 ER PT J AU Butail, S Manoukis, NC Diallo, M Ribeiro, JMC Paley, DA AF Butail, Sachit Manoukis, Nicholas C. Diallo, Moussa Ribeiro, Jose M. C. Paley, Derek A. TI The Dance of Male Anopheles gambiae in Wild Mating Swarms SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE swarming; Anopheles gambiae; autocorrelation ID REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION; BEHAVIOR; MOSQUITOS; FORMS; MODEL AB An important element of mating in the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae Giles in nature is the crepuscular mating aggregation (swarm) composed almost entirely of males, where most coupling and insemination is generally believed to occur. In this study, we mathematically characterize the oscillatory movement of male An. gambiae in terms of an established individual-based mechanistic model that parameterizes the attraction of a mosquito toward the center of the swarm using the natural frequency of oscillation and the resistance to its motion, characterized by the damping ratio. Using three-dimensional trajectory data of ten wild mosquito swarms filmed in Mali, Africa, we show two new results for low and moderate wind conditions, and indicate how these results may vary in high wind. First, we show that in low and moderate wind the vertical component of the mosquito motion has a lower frequency of oscillation and higher damping ratio than horizontal motion. In high wind, the vertical and horizontal motions are similar to one another and the natural frequencies are higher than in low and moderate wind. Second, we show that the predicted average disagreement in the direction of motion of swarming mosquitoes moving randomly is greater than the average disagreement we observed between each mosquito and its three closest neighbors, with the smallest level of disagreement occurring for the nearest neighbor in seven out of 10 swarms. The alignment of the direction of motion between nearest neighbors is the highest in high wind. This result provides evidence for flight-path coordination between swarming male mosquitoes. C1 [Butail, Sachit] NYU, Polytech Inst, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA. [Manoukis, Nicholas C.] USDA, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Agr Res Serv, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Diallo, Moussa] Univ Bamako, Malaria Res & Training Ctr, Fac Med Pharm & Odontostomatol, Bamako, Mali. [Ribeiro, Jose M. C.] NIAID, Lab Malaria & Vector Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Paley, Derek A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Aerosp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Paley, Derek A.] Univ Maryland, Syst Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Paley, DA (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Aerosp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM dpaley@umd.edu RI Paley, Derek/B-4437-2013; Butail, Sachit/O-2928-2013; OI Paley, Derek/0000-0002-3086-2395; Butail, Sachit/0000-0001-9785-7374; Ribeiro, Jose/0000-0002-9107-0818 FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 AI000810-11] NR 26 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 20 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 50 IS 3 BP 552 EP 559 DI 10.1603/ME12251 PG 8 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 146VT UT WOS:000319123600010 PM 23802449 ER PT J AU Zheng, LY Crippen, TL Singh, B Tarone, AM Dowd, S Yu, ZN Wood, TK Tomberlin, JK AF Zheng, Longyu Crippen, Tawni L. Singh, Baneshwar Tarone, Aaron M. Dowd, Scot Yu, Ziniu Wood, Thomas K. Tomberlin, Jeffery K. TI A Survey of Bacterial Diversity From Successive Life Stages of Black Soldier Fly (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) by Using 16S rDNA Pyrosequencing SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE decomposition ecology; waste management; black soldier fly; Hermetia illucens; bacteria ID RIBOSOMAL-RNA SEQUENCES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; HERMETIA-ILLUCENS; DAIRY MANURE; HOUSE-FLIES; BLOW FLIES; LARVAE; CALLIPHORIDAE; COMMUNITIES; ALIGNMENTS AB Sustainable methods for managing waste associated with people and animals have been proposed in the past. Black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens (L.), larvae represent one of the more promising methods. Larvae reduce dry matter, bacteria, offensive odor, and house fly populations. Prepupae can be used as feedstuff for livestock. However, it is not known if such a method results in the proliferation of potential pathogens. Although some bacterial species have been cultured and identified from black soldier fly, a true appreciation of fly associated bacterial diversity is not known. Such information is needed to understand pathogen colonization on decomposing animal and plant waste in the presence of black soldier fly larvae as well as develop research strategies for maximizing the use of this fly to reduce waste without risking environmental harm. Using 454 sequencing, we surveyed bacterial diversity associated with successive life stages of the black soldier fly reared on plant material. Bacteria diversity classified (99.8%) across all life stages spanned six bacterial phyla with >= 80% bootstrap support. Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria were the most dominant phyla associated with the black soldier fly accounting for two-thirds of the fauna identified. Many of these bacteria would go undetected because of their inability to be cultured. C1 [Zheng, Longyu; Yu, Ziniu] Huazhong Agr Univ, Natl Engn Res Ctr Microbial Pesticide, State Key Lab Agr Microbiol, Wuhan, Peoples R China. [Zheng, Longyu; Singh, Baneshwar; Tarone, Aaron M.; Tomberlin, Jeffery K.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Entomol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Crippen, Tawni L.] USDA ARS, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX USA. [Dowd, Scot] Res & Testing Lab, Lubbock, TX USA. [Wood, Thomas K.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Chem Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Tomberlin, JK (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Entomol, 2475 TAMU, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM jktomberlin@tamu.edu RI Tarone, Aaron/I-6483-2012; OI Tarone, Aaron/0000-0003-0965-7634; Wood, Thomas/0000-0002-6258-529X FU Texas Agrilife Research; College of Agriculture and Life Sciences at Texas AM University; National Institute of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice [2010-DN-BX-K243] FX Funding for L. Z., B. S., J.K.T., and A.M.T. was provided partially by Texas Agrilife Research and the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences at Texas A&M University. Additional funds for T.L.C., B. S., J.K.T., and A.M.T. were provided by the National Institute of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice through Grant 2010-DN-BX-K243. T.K.W. is the T. Michael O'Connor Endowed Professor at Texas A&M University. NR 59 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 7 U2 101 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 50 IS 3 BP 647 EP 658 DI 10.1603/ME12199 PG 12 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 146VT UT WOS:000319123600023 PM 23802462 ER PT J AU Zeng, HW Cheng, WH Johnson, LK AF Zeng, Huawei Cheng, Wen-Hsing Johnson, LuAnn K. TI Methylselenol, a selenium metabolite, modulates p53 pathway and inhibits the growth of colon cancer xenografts in Balb/c mice SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Apoptosis; Cancer; Cell cycle; Proliferation; Selenium ID CELL-CYCLE ARREST; PROSTATE-CANCER; VITAMIN-E; PREVENTION; APOPTOSIS; SUPPLEMENTATION; TARGET; GENES; TRIAL; PROLIFERATION AB It is has been hypothesized that methylselenol is a critical selenium metabolite for anticancer activity in vivo. In this study, we used a protein array which contained 112 different antibodies known to be involved in the p53 pathway to investigate the molecular targets of methylselenol in human HCT116 colon cancer cells. The array analysis indicated that methylselenol exposure changed the expression of 11 protein targets related to the regulation of cell cycle and apoptosis. Subsequently, we confirmed these proteins with the Western blotting approach, and found that methylselenol increased the expression of GADD 153 and p21 but reduced the level of c-Myc, E2F1 and Phos p38 MAP kinase. Similar to our previous report on human HCT116 colon cancer cells, methylselenol also inhibited cell growth and led to an increase in G1 and G2 fractions with a concomitant drop in S-phase in mouse colon cancer MC26 cells. When the MC26 cells were transplanted to their immune-competent Balb/c mice, methylselenol-treated MC26 cells had significantly less tumor growth potential than that of untreated MC26 cells. Taken together, our data suggest that methylselenol modulates the expression of key genes related to cell cycle and apoptosis and inhibits colon cancer cell proliferation and tumor growth. (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Zeng, Huawei; Johnson, LuAnn K.] ARS, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58203 USA. [Cheng, Wen-Hsing] Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Zeng, HW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, GFHNRC, POB 9034, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. EM huawei.zeng@ars.usda.gov FU USDA [5450-51000-045-00] FX We are grateful to Kay Keehr, Karen LoneFight, Mary BriskeAnderson, Brenda Skinner and James Lindlauf for the technical support. This research was funded by the USDA CRIS project (5450-51000-045-00). NR 37 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0955-2863 J9 J NUTR BIOCHEM JI J. Nutr. Biochem. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 24 IS 5 BP 776 EP 780 DI 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2012.04.008 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 142VL UT WOS:000318825600006 PM 22841391 ER PT J AU Charron, CS Clevidence, BA Albaugh, GA Kramer, MH Vinyard, BT Milner, JA Novotny, JA AF Charron, Craig S. Clevidence, Beverly A. Albaugh, George A. Kramer, Matthew H. Vinyard, Bryan T. Milner, John A. Novotny, Janet A. TI Assessment of DNA damage and repair in adults consuming allyl isothiocyanate or Brassica vegetables SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Sinigrin; Glucosinolate; COMET; SCGE ID LUNG-CANCER RISK; ELECTROPHORESIS (SCGE)/HEPG2 ASSAY; HUMAN GLUTATHIONE TRANSFERASES; CELL-CYCLE ARREST; PHASE-II ENZYMES; PROSTATE-CANCER; CRUCIFEROUS VEGETABLES; DIETARY ISOTHIOCYANATES; PHENETHYL ISOTHIOCYANATE; CHEMOPREVENTIVE AGENT AB Allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) is a dietary component with possible anticancer effects, though much information about AITC and cancer has been obtained from cell studies. To investigate the effect of AITC on DNA integrity in vivo, a crossover study was conducted. Adults (n=46) consumed AITC, AITC-rich vegetables [mustard and cabbage (M/C)] or a control treatment with a controlled diet for 10 days each. On day 11, volunteers provided blood and urine before and after consuming treatments. Volunteers were characterized for genotype for GSTM1 and GSTT1 (glutathione S-transferases) and XPD (DNA repair). DNA integrity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was assessed by single-cell gel electrophoresis. Urine was analyzed for 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) and creatinine. Ten-day intake of neither AITC nor M/C resulted in statistically significant differences in DNA strand breaks [least squares mean (LSmean) % DNA in tail +/- S.E.M.: 4.8 +/- 0.6 for control, 5.7 +/- 0.7 for AITC, 5.3 +/- 0.6 for M/C] or urinary 8-oxodG (LSmean mu g 8-oxodG/g creatinine S.E.M.: 2.95 +/- 0.09 for control, 2.88 +/- 0.09 for AITC, 3.06+0.09 for M/C). Both AITC and M/C increased DNA strand breaks 3 h postconsumption (LSmean % DNA in tail +/- S.E.M.: 3.2 +/- 0.7 for control, 8.3 +/- 1.7 for AITC, 8.0 +/- 1.7 for M/C), and this difference disappeared at 6 h (4.2 +/- 0.9 for control, 5.7 +/- 1.2 for AITC, 5.5 +/- 1.2 for M/C). Genotypes for GSTM1, GSTF1 and XPD were not associated with treatment effects. In summary, DNA damage appeared to be induced in the short term by AITC and AITC-rich products, but that damage disappeared quickly, and neither AITC nor AITC-rich products affected DNA base excision repair. (C) Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Charron, Craig S.; Clevidence, Beverly A.; Albaugh, George A.; Novotny, Janet A.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Kramer, Matthew H.; Vinyard, Bryan T.] ARS, USDA, Biometr Consulting Serv, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Milner, John A.] NCI, NIH, Canc Prevent Div, Nutr Sci Res Grp, Rockville, MD 20892 USA. RP Novotny, JA (reprint author), USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Janet.Novotny@ars.usda.gov FU US Department of Agriculture; National Cancer Institute Division for Cancer Prevention FX This work was supported by the US Department of Agriculture and the National Cancer Institute Division for Cancer Prevention. NR 84 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0955-2863 J9 J NUTR BIOCHEM JI J. Nutr. Biochem. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 24 IS 5 BP 894 EP 902 DI 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2012.06.004 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 142VL UT WOS:000318825600022 PM 22902324 ER PT J AU Poulose, SM Bielinski, DF Shukitt-Hale, B AF Poulose, Shibu M. Bielinski, Donna F. Shukitt-Hale, Barbara TI Walnut diet reduces accumulation of polyubiquitinated proteins and inflammation in the brain of aged rats SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Autophagy; Walnut; PUFA; Inflammation; Ubiquitin; Phosphorylation ID NF-KAPPA-B; BEHAVIORAL DEFICITS; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; INDUCED AUTOPHAGY; ALPHA-SYNUCLEIN; CELL-SURVIVAL; BECLIN 1; CONSUMPTION; ANTIOXIDANT; INHIBITION AB An increase in the aggregation of misfolded/damaged polyubiquitinated proteins has been the hallmark of many age-related neurodegenerative diseases. The accumulation of these potentially toxic proteins in brain increases with age, in part due to increased oxidative and inflammatory stresses. Walnuts, rich in omega fatty acids, have been shown to improve memory, cognition and neuronal effects related to oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation (INF) in animals and human trials. The current study found that feeding 19-month-old rats with a 6% or 9% walnut diet significantly reduced the aggregation of polyubiquitinated proteins and activated autophagy, a neuronal housekeeping function, in the striatum and hippocampus. Walnut-fed animals exhibited up-regulation of autophagy through inhibiting phosphorylation of mTOR, up-regulating ATG7 and Beclin 1, and turnover of MAP1BLO proteins. The clearance of polyubiquitinated protein aggregates such as p62/SQSTM1 was more profound in hippocampus, a critical region in the brain involved in memory and cognitive performance, than striatum. The clearance of ubiquitinated aggregates was in tandem with significant reductions in OS/INF, as indicated by the levels of P38-MAP kinase and phosphorylations of nuclear factor kappa B and cyclic AMP response element binding protein. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of a walnut-supplemented diet in activating the autophagy function in brain beyond its traditionally known antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Poulose, Shibu M.; Bielinski, Donna F.; Shukitt-Hale, Barbara] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, USDA ARS, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Shukitt-Hale, B (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, USDA ARS, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM Barbara.ShukittHale@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS; California Walnut Commission (Sacramento, CA, USA) FX The present study was supported in part by USDA-ARS intramural grants and California Walnut Commission (Sacramento, CA, USA). NR 49 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0955-2863 EI 1873-4847 J9 J NUTR BIOCHEM JI J. Nutr. Biochem. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 24 IS 5 BP 912 EP 919 DI 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2012.06.009 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 142VL UT WOS:000318825600024 PM 22917841 ER PT J AU Claassen, R Duquette, E Horowitz, J AF Claassen, Roger Duquette, Eric Horowitz, John TI Additionality in agricultural conservation payment programs SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article C1 [Claassen, Roger; Duquette, Eric] USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC USA. [Horowitz, John] US Dept Treasury, Washington, DC 20226 USA. RP Claassen, R (reprint author), USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC USA. NR 3 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 6 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 68 IS 3 BP 74A EP 78A DI 10.2489/jswc.68.3.74A PG 5 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 141UO UT WOS:000318752200004 ER PT J AU Kemper, WD Fouss, JL Jaynes, DB Dabney, SM Ihde, AM Meyer, LD Reicosky, DC AF Kemper, W. Doral Fouss, James L. Jaynes, Daniel B. Dabney, Seth M. Ihde, Amos M. Meyer, L. Don Reicosky, Don C. TI Storm water management: Potential for lower cost and more benefits if farmers and municipalities cooperate on tile drainage SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article C1 [Kemper, W. Doral; Fouss, James L.; Reicosky, Don C.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Kemper, W. Doral] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Jaynes, Daniel B.] Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA USA. [Meyer, L. Don] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 13 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 68 IS 3 BP 79A EP 83A DI 10.2489/jswc.68.3.79A PG 5 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 141UO UT WOS:000318752200005 ER PT J AU Buda, AR Kleinman, PJA Feyereisen, GW Miller, DA Knight, PG Drohan, PJ Bryant, RB AF Buda, A. R. Kleinman, P. J. A. Feyereisen, G. W. Miller, D. A. Knight, P. G. Drohan, P. J. Bryant, R. B. TI Forecasting runoff from Pennsylvania landscapes SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE logistic regression; nutrient management; runoff forecasting; surface runoff ID 2 AGRICULTURAL HILLSLOPES; SURFACE RUNOFF; UNITED-STATES; GENERATION; MANAGEMENT; HYDROLOGY; FLOW; INITIATION; GRASSLAND; TRANSPORT AB Identifying sites prone to surface runoff has been a cornerstone of conservation and nutrient management programs, relying upon site assessment tools that support strategic, as opposed to operational, decision making. We sought to develop simple, empirical models to represent two highly different mechanisms of surface runoff generation saturation excess runoff and infiltration excess runoff using variables available from short-term weather forecasts. Logistic regression models were developed from runoff monitoring studies in Pennsylvania, fitting saturation excess runoff potential to rainfall depth, rainfall intensity, and soil moisture, and infiltration excess runoff potential to rainfall depth and intensity. Testing of the models in daily hindcasting mode over periods of time and at sites separate from where they were developed confirmed a high degree of skill, with Brier Skill Scores ranging from 0.61 to 0.65 and Gilbert Skill Scores ranging from 0.39 to 0.59. These skill scores are as good as models used in weather forecasting. Results point to the capability to forecast site-specific surface runoff potential for diverse soil conditions, with advances in weather forecasting likely to further improve the predictive ability of runoff models of this type. C1 [Buda, A. R.; Kleinman, P. J. A.; Bryant, R. B.] USDA ARS, University Pk, PA USA. [Feyereisen, G. W.] USDA ARS, St Paul, MN USA. [Miller, D. A.] Penn State Univ, Environm Informat Ctr, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Knight, P. G.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Drohan, P. J.] Penn State Univ, Penn State Soil Characterizat Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Buda, AR (reprint author), USDA ARS, University Pk, PA USA. NR 58 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 22 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 68 IS 3 BP 185 EP 198 DI 10.2489/jswc.68.3.185 PG 14 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 141UO UT WOS:000318752200008 ER PT J AU Kibet, LC Allen, AL Church, C Kleinman, PJA Feyereisen, GW Saporito, LS Hashem, F May, EB Way, TR AF Kibet, L. C. Allen, A. L. Church, C. Kleinman, P. J. A. Feyereisen, G. W. Saporito, L. S. Hashem, F. May, E. B. Way, T. R. TI Transport of dissolved trace elements in surface runoff and leachate from a Coastal Plain soil after poultry litter application SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE leachate; lysimeters; no-till; poultry litter; runoff; trace elements ID NO-TILL SOILS; PHOSPHORUS TRANSPORT; MANURE APPLICATION; SUBSURFACE; SPECIATION; DYNAMICS; LOSSES; FLOW AB The application of poultry (Gallus gallus domesticus) litter to agricultural soils may exacerbate losses of trace elements in runoff water, an emerging concern to water quality. We evaluated trace elements (arsenic [As], mercury [Hg], selenium [Se], and zinc [Zn]) in surface runoff and leachate from an agricultural soil with and without poultry litter application. Litter from a commercial operation was applied by three methods broadcast application, subsurface placement, and broadcast application followed by disking-to no-till soils with a history of receiving litter. Soil monolith lysimeters (61 by 61 by 61 cm) (24 by 24 by 24 in) were extracted from each of the treatments and subjected to rainfall simulation (1 hour, 61 mm h(-1) [2.4 in hr(-1)]) 15 and 42 days after litter application. Broadcasting poultry litter significantly increased concentrations (mg L-1) and loads (g ha(-1)) of As and Zn in runoff during the first event relative to other application methods. Notably, incorporating litter, either by disking after broadcasting or by subsurface placement, lowered As and Zn in runoff to near background levels by the second event, and there were no significant differences in As and Zn between any of the treatments. While Hg and Se were detected in runoff, they likely derived from edaphic sources as they were not detected in the litter nor did they differ significantly between treatments. Results point to poultry litter as a temporary source of some trace elements to runoff. This source can be readily controlled by adjusting application method. C1 [Kibet, L. C.; Allen, A. L.; Hashem, F.] Univ Maryland Eastern Shore, Dept Agr Food & Resource Sci, Princess Anne, MD USA. [Church, C.; Kleinman, P. J. A.; Saporito, L. S.] USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA USA. [Feyereisen, G. W.] USDA ARS, Soil & Water Management Res Unit, St Paul, MN USA. [May, E. B.] Univ Maryland Eastern Shore, Dept Nat Sci, Princess Anne, MD USA. [Way, T. R.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL USA. RP Kibet, LC (reprint author), Univ Maryland Eastern Shore, Dept Agr Food & Resource Sci, Princess Anne, MD USA. FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Cooperative Institute for Coastal and Estuarine Environmental Technology program; University of Maryland Eastern Shore (UMES) Agricultural Experiment Station FX Funding for this project was provided, in part, by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Cooperative Institute for Coastal and Estuarine Environmental Technology program and the University of Maryland Eastern Shore (UMES) Agricultural Experiment Station. The authors would like to thank Don Mahan (farm technician at UMES) David Otto, Michael Reiner, Todd Strohecker, and Terry Troutman (USDA Agricultural Research Service) for help in collecting lysimeters and conducting rainfall simulations. Thanks are also extended to Janice Donahoe (laboratory specialist at UMES) Joan Weaver, Paul Spock, and Charles Montgomery (USDA ARS) for conducting laboratory experiments. NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 23 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 68 IS 3 BP 212 EP 220 DI 10.2489/jswc.68.3.212 PG 9 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 141UO UT WOS:000318752200010 ER PT J AU Bonta, JV AF Bonta, J. V. TI Precipitation data considerations for evaluating subdaily changes in rainless periods due to climate change SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE climate change; drought; precipitation; times between storms ID UNITED-STATES; SOIL-EROSION; IDENTIFICATION; WATERSHEDS; SIMULATION; TRENDS; STORMS AB Quantifying magnitudes and frequencies of rainless times between storms (TBS), or storm occurrence, is required for generating continuous sequences of precipitation for modeling inputs to small watershed models for conservation studies. Two parameters characterize TBS, minimum TBS (MTBS) and average TBS (ATBS) both vary monthly and are calculated by assuming TBS follows an exponential distribution. Detecting changes in these parameters due to climate is important for precipitation and climate studies at short time and small spatial scales, but there are issues with depth resolution of precipitation data that must first be investigated. Precipitation data having one-minute temporal and 0.25 mm (0.01 in) depth resolutions from the UDSA Agricultural Research Service North Appalachian Experimental Watershed (NAEW) at Coshocton, Ohio, were used to determine the spatial variability and consistency of estimates over the 425 ha (1,050 ac) facility and the impacts of coarsening the depth resolution of data 10 times to 2.54 mm (0.1 in). The magnitudes and trends of changes in MTBS and ATBS are determined for three rain gauges over the NAEW and extended to other gauges in the Ohio region. Approximately 5,800 parameter pairs were computed for different data configurations. Small spatial scale, NAEW high-resolution precipitation data shows consistent MTBS and ATBS long-term values for each month but more variability in estimates for MTBS than ATBS. Climate change trends for MTBS and ATBS are not apparent and generally consistent for different NAEW gauges, except for November when all gauges were consistently significant for ATBS. There is a weak indication that the fall months may be affected by significant shortening of ATBS at the NAEW and in northeastern Ohio due to climate change, but more data are needed. An imposed, coarser NAEW data resolution results in consistent no-trend indications for MTBS, but not for ATBS. The coarse-resolution data may not be adequate to characterize TBS for investigating changes due to climate change unless more data preparation is performed, such as identifying and excluding dry times when precipitation may have occurred. Precipitation records with mixed resolution data cannot be used to detect climate changes of dry periods. More data and data preparation are needed to arrive at firm conclusions regarding climate change effects on TBS in Ohio. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Bonta, JV (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 15 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 68 IS 3 BP 238 EP 253 DI 10.2489/jswc.68.3.238 PG 16 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 141UO UT WOS:000318752200013 ER PT J AU Ruiz-Vera, UM Siebers, M Gray, SB Drag, DW Rosenthal, DM Kimball, BA Ort, DR Bernacchi, CJ AF Ruiz-Vera, Ursula M. Siebers, Matthew Gray, Sharon B. Drag, David W. Rosenthal, David M. Kimball, Bruce A. Ort, Donald R. Bernacchi, Carl J. TI Global Warming Can Negate the Expected CO2 Stimulation in Photosynthesis and Productivity for Soybean Grown in the Midwestern United States(1[W][OA]) SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE RESPONSE FUNCTIONS; CARBON-DIOXIDE ENRICHMENT; OPEN-AIR ELEVATION; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; GLYCINE-MAX; LIMITED PHOTOSYNTHESIS; BIOCHEMICAL-MODEL; INFRARED HEATER; CROP PRODUCTION AB Extensive evidence shows that increasing carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2]) stimulates, and increasing temperature decreases, both net photosynthetic carbon assimilation (A) and biomass production for C-3 plants. However the [CO2]-induced stimulation in A is projected to increase further with warmer temperature. While the influence of increasing temperature and [CO2], independent of each other, on A and biomass production have been widely investigated, the interaction between these two major global changes has not been tested on field-grown crops. Here, the interactive effect of both elevated [CO2] (approximately 585 mu mol mol(-1)) and temperature (+3.5 degrees C) on soybean (Glycine max) A, biomass, and yield were tested over two growing seasons in the Temperature by Free-Air CO2 Enrichment experiment at the Soybean Free Air CO2 Enrichment facility. Measurements of A, stomatal conductance, and intercellular [CO2] were collected along with meteorological, water potential, and growth data. Elevated temperatures caused lower A, which was largely attributed to declines in stomatal conductance and intercellular [CO2] and led in turn to lower yields. Increasing both [CO2] and temperature stimulated A relative to elevated [CO2] alone on only two sampling days during 2009 and on no days in 2011. In 2011, the warmer of the two years, there were no observed increases in yield in the elevated temperature plots regardless of whether [CO2] was elevated. All treatments lowered the harvest index for soybean, although the effect of elevated [CO2] in 2011 was not statistically significant. These results provide a better understanding of the physiological responses of soybean to future climate change conditions and suggest that the potential is limited for elevated [CO2] to mitigate the influence of rising temperatures on photosynthesis, growth, and yields of C-3 crops. C1 [Ruiz-Vera, Ursula M.; Siebers, Matthew; Gray, Sharon B.; Drag, David W.; Ort, Donald R.; Bernacchi, Carl J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Ruiz-Vera, Ursula M.; Siebers, Matthew; Gray, Sharon B.; Drag, David W.; Ort, Donald R.; Bernacchi, Carl J.] Univ Illinois, Inst Genom Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Rosenthal, David M.; Ort, Donald R.; Bernacchi, Carl J.] USDA ARS, Global Change & Photosynth Res Unit, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Kimball, Bruce A.] USDA ARS, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. RP Bernacchi, CJ (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM bernacch@illinois.edu RI Rosenthal, David/C-9559-2012; OI Rosenthal, David/0000-0002-4822-5861; Ruiz Vera, Ursula/0000-0003-1890-967X FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service; Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy, through the Midwestern Center of the National Institute for Climate Change Research FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, and by the Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy, through the Midwestern Center of the National Institute for Climate Change Research. NR 49 TC 40 Z9 42 U1 6 U2 112 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 162 IS 1 BP 410 EP 423 DI 10.1104/pp.112.211938 PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 138YM UT WOS:000318547900031 PM 23512883 ER PT J AU Winstral, A Marks, D Gurney, R AF Winstral, Adam Marks, Danny Gurney, Robert TI Simulating wind-affected snow accumulations at catchment to basin scales SO ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE Snow; Wind; Drift; Distributed; Model; Precipitation ID SEMIARID MOUNTAIN BASIN; RAIN-ON-SNOW; BLOWING SNOW; COMPLEX TERRAIN; ENERGY-BALANCE; UNITED-STATES; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; METEOROLOGICAL DATA; TRANSPORT MODEL; COVER AB In non-forested mountain regions, wind plays a dominant role in determining snow accumulation and melt patterns. A new, computationally efficient algorithm for distributing the complex and heterogeneous effects of wind on snow distributions was developed. The distribution algorithm uses terrain structure, vegetation, and wind data to adjust commonly available precipitation data to simulate wind-affected accumulations. This research describes model development and application in three research catchments in the Reynolds Creek Experimental Watershed in southwest Idaho, USA. All three catchments feature highly variable snow distributions driven by wind. The algorithm was used to derive model forcings for Isnobal, a mass and energy balance distributed snow model. Development and initial testing took place in the Reynolds Mountain East catchment (0.36 km(2)) where R-2 values for the wind-affected snow distributions ranged from 0.50 to 0.67 for four observation periods spanning two years. At the Upper Sheep Creek catchment (0.26 km(2)) R-2 values for the wind-affected model were 0.66 and 0.70. These R-2 values matched or exceeded previously published cross-validation results from regression-based statistical analyses of snow distributions in similar environments. In both catchments the wind-affected model accurately located large drift zones, snow-scoured slopes, and produced melt patterns consistent with observed streamflow. Models that did not account for wind effects produced relatively homogenous SWE distributions, R-2 values approaching 0.0, and melt patterns inconsistent with observed streamflow. The Dobson Creek (14.0 km(2)) application incorporated elevation effects into the distribution routine and was conducted over a two-dimensional grid of 6.67 x 10(5) pixels. Comparisons with satellite-derived snow-covered-area again demonstrated that the model did an excellent job locating regions with wind-affected snow accumulations. This final application demonstrated that the computational efficiency and modest data requirements of this approach are ideally suited for large-scale operational applications. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Winstral, Adam; Marks, Danny] ARS, USDA, Northwest Watershed Res Ctr, Boise, ID 83712 USA. [Gurney, Robert] Univ Reading, ESSC, Reading RG6 6AL, Berks, England. RP Winstral, A (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Northwest Watershed Res Ctr, 800 Pk Blvd,Suite 105, Boise, ID 83712 USA. EM adam.winstral@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS CRIS Understanding Snow and Hydrologic Processes in Mountainous Terrain with a Changing Climate [5362-13610-008-00D]; USDA-ARS Headquarters Student Career Experience Program (SCEP); USDA-NRCS Conservation Effects Assessment Project [5352-13610-009-14R]; USDA-NRCS Water and Climate Center-Portland, Oregon [5362-13610-008-03R]; NSF-CBET [0854553]; NSF-MRI [EAR-1126887]; NSF Idaho EPSCoR Program [EPS-0814387] FX The authors would like to thank Tobias Jonas, Rebecca Mott, and an anonymous reviewer for their insightful reviews of this paper. We would also like to thank Mark Murdock, Jim Windom, John Wilford, Steven Van Vactor and the rest of the folks that helped to collect and archive the presented data. The data and analysis presented in this paper were funded in part by USDA-ARS CRIS Understanding Snow and Hydrologic Processes in Mountainous Terrain with a Changing Climate (5362-13610-008-00D), USDA-ARS Headquarters Student Career Experience Program (SCEP), USDA-NRCS Conservation Effects Assessment Project (5352-13610-009-14R), USDA-NRCS Water and Climate Center-Portland, Oregon (5362-13610-008-03R), NSF-CBET (0854553), NSF-MRI (EAR-1126887) and NSF Idaho EPSCoR Program (EPS-0814387). Any reference to specific equipment types or manufacturers is for information purposes and does not represent a product endorsement or recommendation. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 71 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 3 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0309-1708 J9 ADV WATER RESOUR JI Adv. Water Resour. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 55 BP 64 EP 79 DI 10.1016/j.advwatres.2012.08.011 PG 16 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 139SQ UT WOS:000318605000007 ER PT J AU Marks, D Winstral, A Reba, M Pomeroy, J Kumar, M AF Marks, D. Winstral, A. Reba, M. Pomeroy, J. Kumar, M. TI An evaluation of methods for determining during-storm precipitation phase and the rain/snow transition elevation at the surface in a mountain basin SO ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE Snow; Mountain hydrology; Precipitation phase ID RAIN-ON-SNOW; TERRAIN-BASED PARAMETERS; COVER ENERGY-BALANCE; REYNOLDS CREEK; UNITED-STATES; AIR-TEMPERATURE; BOREAL FOREST; DUAL-GAUGE; IDAHO; MODEL AB Determining surface precipitation phase is required to properly correct precipitation gage data for wind effects, to determine the hydrologic response to a precipitation event, and for hydrologic modeling when rain will be treated differently from snow. In this paper we present a comparison of several methods for determining precipitation phase using 12 years of hourly precipitation, weather and snow data from a long-term measurement site at Reynolds Mountain East (RME), a headwater catchment within the Reynolds Creek Experimental Watershed (RCEW), in the Owyhee Mountains of Idaho, USA. Methods are based on thresholds of (1) air temperature (T-a) at 0 degrees C, (2) dual T-a threshold, 1 to 3 degrees C, (3) dewpoint temperature (T-d) at 0 degrees C, and (4) wet bulb temperature (T-w) at 0 degrees C. The comparison shows that at the RME Grove site, the dual threshold approach predicts too much snow, while T-a, T-d and T-w are generally similar predicting equivalent snow volumes over the 12 year-period indicating that during storms the cloud level is at or close to the surface at this location. To scale up the evaluation of these methods we evaluate them across a 380 m elevation range in RCEW during a large mixed-phase storm event. The event began as snow at all elevations and over the course of 4 h transitioned to rain at the lowest through highest elevations. Using 15-minute measurements of precipitation, changes in snow depth (z(s)), T-a, T-d and T-w, at seven sites through this elevation range, we found precipitation phase linked to the during-storm surface humidity. By measuring humidity along an elevation gradient during the storm we are able to track changes in T-d to reliably estimate precipitation phase and effectively track the elevation of the rain/snow transition during the event. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Marks, D.; Winstral, A.] ARS, Northwest Watershed Res Ctr, USDA, Boise, ID USA. [Reba, M.] ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, USDA, Jonesboro, AR USA. [Pomeroy, J.] Univ Saskatchewan, Ctr Hydrol, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. [Kumar, M.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RP Marks, D (reprint author), ARS, Northwest Watershed Res Ctr, USDA, Boise, ID USA. EM ars.danny@gmail.com FU USDA-ARS CRIS Snow and Hydrologic Processes in the Intermountain West [5362-13610-008-00D]; USDA-NRCS Water and Climate Center-Portland, Oregon [5362-13610-008-03R]; USDA-ARS Headquarters Postdoctoral Research Associate Program-Class [0101-88888-016-00D]; Canada Research Chairs Programme; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; USDA-NRCS Conservation Effects Assessment Project [5352-13610-009-14R]; NSF-CBET [0854553]; NSF Idaho EPSCoR Program [EPS-0814387] FX The data and analysis presented in this paper were funded in part by USDA-ARS CRIS Snow and Hydrologic Processes in the Intermountain West (5362-13610-008-00D), USDA-NRCS Water and Climate Center-Portland, Oregon (5362-13610-008-03R), USDA-ARS Headquarters Postdoctoral Research Associate Program-Class of 2009 (0101-88888-016-00D), Canada Research Chairs Programme and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, USDA-NRCS Conservation Effects Assessment Project (5352-13610-009-14R), NSF-CBET (0854553), and NSF Idaho EPSCoR Program (EPS-0814387). Any reference to specific equipment types or manufacturers is for information purposes and does not represent a product endorsement or recommendation. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 58 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 4 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0309-1708 J9 ADV WATER RESOUR JI Adv. Water Resour. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 55 BP 98 EP 110 DI 10.1016/j.advwatres.2012.11.012 PG 13 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 139SQ UT WOS:000318605000010 ER PT J AU Ziyomo, C Albrecht, KA Baker, JM Bernardo, R AF Ziyomo, Cathrine Albrecht, Kenneth A. Baker, John M. Bernardo, Rex TI Corn Performance under Managed Drought Stress and in a Kura Clover Living Mulch Intercropping System SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID MAIZE ZEA-MAYS; LOWLAND TROPICAL MAIZE; NO-TILL CORN; WEED-CONTROL; NITROGEN LEVELS; RESISTANT CORN; COVER CROPS; GRAIN-YIELD; TOLERANCE; SELECTION AB A corn (Zea mays L.) and kura clover (Trifolium ambiguum M. Bieb.) intercropping system provides ecological services, but competition for water between the grain crop and the living mulch crop often reduces corn yields. Our objectives were to determine (i) if corn that performs well under managed drought (i.e., drought-tolerant corn) can minimize the grain yield losses incurred when corn is intercropped with kura clover, and (ii) if strong suppression of the kura clover living mulch minimizes the loss in yield of drought-tolerant and drought-susceptible corn. From drought trials in Minnesota in 2009 and 2010, we identified five drought-tolerant and five drought-susceptible hybrids from the intermated B73 X Mo17 population. Under drought conditions, mean grain yields were 9.66 Mg ha(-1) for the drought-tolerant hybrids and 5.46 Mg ha(-1) for the drought-susceptible hybrids. The 10 hybrids were evaluated in Minnesota and Wisconsin in 2011 in a kura clover intercropping system. Drought-tolerant hybrids had statistically equal mean yields of 12.90 Mg ha(-1) in the killed mulch treatment and 13.69 Mg ha(-1) in the living mulch treatment. In contrast, mean yields of drought-susceptible hybrids were significantly reduced from 4.53 Mg ha(-1) in the killed mulch treatment to 3.48 Mg ha(-1) in the living mulch treatment. For the drought-tolerant hybrids, mulch recovery at corn harvest was significantly lower with killed kura clover (41%) than with living kura clover (50%). Our results indicate that the yield of drought-tolerant corn was not reduced by growing in a living mulch of kura clover. C1 [Ziyomo, Cathrine; Bernardo, Rex] Univ Minnesota, Dep Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Albrecht, Kenneth A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dep Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Baker, John M.] ARS, Soil & Water Management Res Unit, USDA, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Bernardo, R (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dep Agron & Plant Genet, 411 Borlaug Hall,1991 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM bernardo@umn.edu FU Minnesota Annual Conference of the United Methodist Church; University of Minnesota; National Institute of Food and Agriculture, USDA [WIS01405] FX Cathrine Ziyomo was funded by Project AgGrad, a partnership between the Minnesota Annual Conference of the United Methodist Church and the University of Minnesota. This research was partially supported by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, USDA, under ID no. WIS01405. NR 41 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 54 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 105 IS 3 BP 579 EP 586 DI 10.2134/agronj2012.0427 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 138VE UT WOS:000318537300004 ER PT J AU Wall, GW McLain, JET Kimball, BA White, JW Ottman, MJ Garcia, RL AF Wall, Gerard W. McLain, Jean E. T. Kimball, Bruce A. White, Jeffrey W. Ottman, Michael J. Garcia, Richard L. TI Infrared Warming Affects Intrarow Soil Carbon Dioxide Efflux during Vegetative Growth of Spring Wheat SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID AIR CO2 ENRICHMENT; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; ORGANIC-CARBON; TEMPERATURE SENSITIVITY; PRECIPITATION PULSES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; ECOSYSTEM RESPIRATION; GRASSLAND ECOSYSTEM; SEMIARID GRASSLAND AB Global warming will likely affect carbon cycles in agricultural soils. Our objective was to deploy infrared (IR) warming to characterize the effect of global warming on soil temperature (T-s), volumetric soil-water content (qs), and intrarow soil CO2 efflux (F-s) of an open-field spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Yecora Rojo) crop grown in the semiarid desert Southwest. A temperature free-air controlled enhancement (T-FACE) apparatus using IR heaters maintained canopy air temperature above 3.0-m plots by 1.3 and 2.7 degrees C (0.2 and 0.3 degrees C below the targeted set-points) during the diurnal and nocturnal periods, respectively. A randomized complete block (RCB) design with two IR warming treatments (i.e., Heated; Reference) in three replicates was planted on 10 Mar. and 1 Dec. 2008. Intrarow Ts, qs, and Fs were measured from emergence (bare soil) up until inflorescence emergence (canopy closure). Under ample soil water supply with high theta(s), midday Fs was 10% greater in Heated [4.1 mu mol (CO2) m-(2) s(-1)] compared with Reference [3.7 mu mol (CO2) m(-2) s(-1)]. In contrast, as the soil dried and qs decreased to a greater degree in Heated compared with Reference, a 10% decrease in Phi(s) occurred in Heated compared with Reference. Overall, qs had the greatest impact on Phi(s), whereas it was responsive to Ts only under high theta(s). Accurate predictions of global climate change effects on Phi(s) in agricultural soils require that interactive effects of T-s and theta(s) be coupled. Infrared warming with T-FACE proved to be an effective experimental methodology to investigate these interactive effects. C1 [Wall, Gerard W.; Kimball, Bruce A.; White, Jeffrey W.] ARS, USDA, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [McLain, Jean E. T.] Univ Arizona, Water Resources Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [McLain, Jean E. T.] Univ Arizona, Dep Soil Water & Environm Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Ottman, Michael J.] Univ Arizona, Sch Plant Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Garcia, Richard L.] LI COR Biosci, Lincoln, NE 68504 USA. RP Wall, GW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, 21881 North Cardon Ln, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. EM gary.wall@ars.usda.gov NR 92 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 43 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 105 IS 3 BP 607 EP 618 DI 10.2134/agronj2012.0356 PG 12 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 138VE UT WOS:000318537300008 ER PT J AU Feyereisen, GW Camargo, GGT Baxter, RE Baker, JM Richard, TL AF Feyereisen, Gary W. Camargo, Gustavo G. T. Baxter, Ryan E. Baker, John M. Richard, Tom L. TI Cellulosic Biofuel Potential of a Winter Rye Double Crop across the U.S. Corn-Soybean Belt SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID REDUCE NITRATE LOSS; COVER CROP; CONSERVATION TILLAGE; YIELD RESPONSE; GROWTH-MODEL; SOIL NITRATE; NITROGEN; MANAGEMENT; DRAINAGE; BIOMASS AB Interest in renewable energy sources derived from plant biomass is increasing, raising concerns about fuel vs. food competition. One strategy to produce additional cellulosic biomass without reducing food-harvest potential is to grow winter cover crops after harvest of the primary summer crop. This study estimated biomass accumulation of a fall-planted winter rye (Secale cereale L.) double crop across the United States on corn (Zea mays L.)-soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] croplands. We identified corn and soybean areas by county using National Agricultural Statistics Service data, excluding irrigated land and areas already supporting a winter small-grain crop. Within this area, we calculated biomass production after corn harvest and before the subsequent corn or soybean crop for 30 locations using RyeGro, a cover-crop simulation model. Average RyeGro biomass yields for a 14-yr period were used to develop a regression model based on temperature and precipitation, which was used to determine rye biomass potential in each county. The spatial analysis indicated that 7.44 Mha in continuous corn and 31.7 Mha in a corn-soybean rotation are suitable for producing winter rye. The average RyeGro biomass yield for the 30 locations for six planting-harvest date scenarios is 4.2 Mg ha(-1). The regression modeling results projected that 112 to 151 Tg (120-170 million U.S. tons) of rye biomass can be harvested from this land base 14 to 7 d, respectively, before spring crop planting. The study demonstrates the sizable potential for this strategy to produce cellulosic biofuel feedstock without redirecting the primary food crop to fuel. C1 [Feyereisen, Gary W.; Baker, John M.] ARS, USDA, Soil & Water Management Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Camargo, Gustavo G. T.; Richard, Tom L.] Penn State Univ, Dep Agr & Biol Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Baxter, Ryan E.] Penn State Univ, Dep Geog, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Feyereisen, GW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Soil & Water Management Res Unit, 1991 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM gary.feyereisen@ars.usda.gov NR 52 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 5 U2 38 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 105 IS 3 BP 631 EP 642 DI 10.2134/agronj2012.0282 PG 12 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 138VE UT WOS:000318537300011 ER PT J AU Narayanan, S Aiken, RM Prasad, PVV Xin, ZG Yu, JM AF Narayanan, Sruthi Aiken, Robert M. Prasad, P. V. Vara Xin, Zhanguo Yu, Jianming TI Water and Radiation Use Efficiencies in Sorghum SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CARBON-ISOTOPE DISCRIMINATION; GRAIN-SORGHUM; TRANSPIRATION EFFICIENCY; CROP YIELD; MAIZE; FIELD; DROUGHT; CANOPY; ENVIRONMENT; IMPROVEMENT AB Increasing water and radiation use efficiencies (WUE and RUE, respectively) are critical to enhance crop production. Exploring genetic variability in WUE and RUE is necessary to improve these traits. The objectives of this research were to evaluate eight sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] genotypes for biomass production, WUE, and RUE and to test whether the differences in WUE among sorghum genotypes were associated with increased biomass production or decreased water use under field conditions. The WUE was estimated as the slope of the regression of aboveground biomass on cumulative water use for specified sampling intervals. The RUE was estimated as the slope of the regression of aboveground biomass on cumulative intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (IPAR). Sorghum genotypes showed significant differences in biomass production, WUE, and RUE. The WUE varied from 3.39 +/- 0.80 to 5.42 +/- 0.80 g kg(-1) in 2009 and from 4.04 +/- 0.58 to 7.63 +/- 0.58 g kg(-1) in 2010. Similarly, RUE varied from 2.13 +/- 0.33 to 3.53 +/- 0.31 g MJ(-1) IPAR in 2009 and from 2.08 +/- 0.35 to 3.83 +/- 0.33 g MJ(-1) IPAR in 2010. Among the eight sorghum genotypes tested in this study, IS 27111 and IS 27150 had the largest biomass production, WUE, and RUE. The WUE was more strongly correlated to biomass production than to water use. This result implies that it is possible to improve WUE without compromising biomass production. The sorghum genotypes evaluated for biomass production, WUE, and RUE in this study offer useful plant materials for identifying the mechanisms causing differences in these traits. C1 [Narayanan, Sruthi; Prasad, P. V. Vara; Yu, Jianming] Kansas State Univ, Throckmorton Plant Sci Ctr 2004, Dep Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Aiken, Robert M.] Kansas State Univ, Northwest Res Extens Ctr, Colby, KS 67701 USA. [Xin, Zhanguo] ARS, USDA, Plant Stress & Germplasm Dev Unit, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. RP Narayanan, S (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Throckmorton Plant Sci Ctr 2004, Dep Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM nsruthi@ksu.edu RI Prasad, P.V. Vara/B-3835-2012; OI Prasad, P.V. Vara/0000-0001-6632-3361; Yu, Jianming/0000-0001-5326-3099; Xin, Zhanguo/0000-0003-1471-7785 FU Ogallala Aquifer Program; USDA-ARS, Kansas State University; Texas AgriLife Research, Texas AgriLife Extension Service, Texas Tech University; West Texas AM University FX We thank Ralph Wolf, Ray Duffey, Alicia Oien, and Rhett Martin for excellent technical support. We also thank Leigh Murray and Christopher Juarez for statistical consultations. This research was supported in part by the Ogallala Aquifer Program, a consortium between the USDA-ARS, Kansas State University, Texas AgriLife Research, Texas AgriLife Extension Service, Texas Tech University, and West Texas A&M University. NR 32 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 24 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 105 IS 3 BP 649 EP 656 DI 10.2134/agronj2012.0377 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 138VE UT WOS:000318537300013 ER PT J AU Madhu, M Hatfield, JL AF Madhu, M. Hatfield, J. L. TI Dynamics of Plant Root Growth under Increased Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID AIR CO2 ENRICHMENT; SOIL-WATER AVAILABILITY; NORTHERN HARDWOOD FOREST; SOUR ORANGE TREES; ELEVATED CO2; ABSCISIC-ACID; FINE ROOTS; ORGANIC-CARBON; LOLIUM-PERENNE; WINTER-WHEAT AB Plant growth is influenced by above- and belowground environmental conditions and increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations enhances growth and yield of most agricultural crops. This review covers current knowledge on the impact of increasing CO2 concentration on root dynamics of plants in terms of growth, root/shoot (R/S) ratio, root biomass, root length, root longevity, root mortality, root distribution, root branching, root quality, and the response of these root parameters to management practices including soil water and nutrients. The effects of CO2 concentration on R/S ratio are contradictory due to complexity in accurate underground biomass estimation under diverse crops and conditions. Roots become more numerous, longer, thicker, and faster growing in crops exposed to high CO2 with increased root length in many plant species. Branching and extension of roots under elevated CO2 may lead to altered root architecture and ability of roots to acquire water and nutrients from the soil profile with exploration of the soil volume. Root turnover is important to the global C budget as well as to nutrient cycling in ecosystems and individual plants. Agricultural management practices have a greater impact on root growth than rising atmospheric CO2 since management practices influence soil physical, chemical, and biological properties of soil, consequently affects root growth dynamics in the belowground. Less understood are the interactive effects of elevated CO2 and management practices including drought on root dynamics, fine-root production, and water-nutrient use efficiency, and the contribution of these processes to plant growth in water and nutrients limited environments. C1 [Madhu, M.] Cent Soil & Water Conservat Res & Training Inst, Res Ctr, Koraput 763002, Odisha, India. [Hatfield, J. L.] ARS, Agr & Environm NLAE, USDA, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Hatfield, JL (reprint author), ARS, Agr & Environm NLAE, USDA, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM jerry.hatfield@ars.usda.gov NR 182 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 10 U2 95 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 105 IS 3 BP 657 EP 669 DI 10.2134/agronj2013.0018 PG 13 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 138VE UT WOS:000318537300014 ER PT J AU Benjamin, JG Nielsen, DC Vigil, MF Mikha, MM Calderon, FJ AF Benjamin, Joseph G. Nielsen, David C. Vigil, Merle F. Mikha, Maysoon M. Calderon, Francisco J. TI A Comparison of Two Models to Evaluate Soil Physical Property Effects on Corn Root Growth SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SIMULATION-MODEL; WATER; COMPACTION; PREDICTION; FIELD AB Two models for evaluating soil physical condition effects on root growth were compared. The first model, called the Jones model, is a submodel for root growth limitations used by several complex soil-plant-atmosphere models. The second model uses soil physical limitations as identified by the least limiting water range (LLWR). Root surface area density (R-sa) and bulk density (rho(b)) were determined at the V6, V12, and R1 growth stages of corn in 2004. Water contents (theta) throughout the growing season were determined twice per week with a neutron probe. The cumulative predicted relative root growth suitability (P-RGS) was determined using soil physical limitations to root growth defined by each model. Significant plot-to-plot variability was observed in rho(b) and theta. The LLWR resulted in a wider range of P-RGS for all sampling times and soil depths. Regressions using the LLWR criteria for soil physical limitations resulted in significant correlations between R-sa with P-RGS at the expanding zone of root exploration, indicating more root surface area with better soil conditions. Regressions using the Jones criteria for soil physical limitations resulted in either a nonsignificant correlation between R-sa with P-RGS or a linear, negative correlation, indicating less root surface area with better soil conditions. Using limitations of soil physical properties as identified by the LLWR in larger, more comprehensive plant and root growth models may provide a better response of these models to variable soil conditions. C1 [Benjamin, Joseph G.; Nielsen, David C.; Vigil, Merle F.; Mikha, Maysoon M.; Calderon, Francisco J.] ARS, USDA, Cent Great Plains Res Stn, Akron, CO 80720 USA. RP Benjamin, JG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Cent Great Plains Res Stn, Akron, CO 80720 USA. EM Joseph.Benjamin@ars.usda.gov RI Nielsen, David/A-8044-2009 OI Nielsen, David/0000-0002-8240-7183 NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 21 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 105 IS 3 BP 713 EP 720 DI 10.2134/agronj2012.0104 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 138VE UT WOS:000318537300020 ER PT J AU Martin, CT McCallum, JD Long, DS AF Martin, C. T. McCallum, J. D. Long, D. S. TI A Web-Based Calculator for Estimating the Profit Potential of Grain Segregation by Protein Concentration SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID COUNTRY ELEVATORS; WHEAT; YIELD; MODEL AB By ignoring spatial variability in grain quality, conventional harvesting systems may increase the likelihood that growers will not capture price premiums for high-quality grain found within fields. The Grain Segregation Profit Calculator was developed to calculate the cutoff value to use for segregating wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) into two lots on the combine such that the prices received for average protein levels in the two lots maximize profit. The calculator is written in Java with Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 components to allow for web-based functionality. A graphical user interface helps users input the price schedule and the mean and standard deviation of grain protein concentration of their field; the potential increase in profit from segregating the grain into two distinct lots is then calculated. The results of segregation of dark northern spring wheat were used to illustrate the calculator. Based on a 17-yr average high premium price schedule, the effect of mean protein and standard deviation on marginal returns was examined. Revenue from grain segregation was found to be sensitive to three factors within grain production: (i) the average level of a field's protein, (ii) the protein variability within a field, and (iii) premium schedules being paid in the marketplace. C1 [Martin, C. T.] Syngenta Seeds Inc, Pasco, WA 99301 USA. [McCallum, J. D.; Long, D. S.] ARS, USDA, Columbia Plateau Conservat Res Ctr, Pendleton, OR 97801 USA. RP Long, DS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Columbia Plateau Conservat Res Ctr, Pendleton, OR 97801 USA. EM dan.long@ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 105 IS 3 BP 721 EP 726 DI 10.2134/agronj2012.0353 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 138VE UT WOS:000318537300021 ER PT J AU Meyer, SLF Nyczepir, AP Rupprecht, SM Mitchell, AD Martin, PAW Brush, CW Chitwood, DJ Vinyard, BT AF Meyer, Susan L. F. Nyczepir, Andrew P. Rupprecht, Shannon M. Mitchell, Ashaki D. Martin, Phyllis A. W. Brush, Craig W. Chitwood, David J. Vinyard, Bryan T. TI Tall Fescue 'Jesup (Max-Q)': Meloidogyne incognita Development in Roots and Nematotoxicity SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ENDOPHYTE NEOTYPHODIUM-COENOPHIALUM; PRATYLENCHUS-SCRIBNERI; ERGOT ALKALOIDS; NEMATODE; GRASS; REPRODUCTION; JAVANICA AB Tall fescue [Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.) Dumont. cv. Jesup (Max-Q)] was recently recommended as a preplant ground cover for managing plant-parasitic nematodes on peach trees [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] in the southeastern United States. Jesup (Max-Q) is associated with a strain of the endosymbiotic fungus Neotyphodium coenophialum that does not produce ergot alkaloids that cause fescue toxicosis. To optimize use of this tall fescue for lowering populations of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita, greenhouse and laboratory studies were conducted on selected factors potentially contributing to suppression. Tall fescue-derived extracts and exudates were tested for nematotoxicity, and M. incognita life cycle development was compared between susceptible tomato (Solanum esculentum Mill.) and Jesup (Max-Q) roots. The highest tested root and shoot extract concentrations inhibited M. incognita hatch up to 46% compared with controls, and were nematotoxic to the infective second-stage juveniles (J2; up to 66% decrease in viability). Root exudates were nematotoxic to J2 (up to 27% mortality), and inhibited hatch up to 48%. Roots of susceptible tomato plants (controls) had approximately 3 to 7 times more infective J2 than tall fescue roots, 40 to 80 times more females and egg masses, >1800 times more eggs/plant, and 10 to 83 times more galls/plant. The nature of Jesup (Max-Q) suppression of M. incognita included low J2 penetration rate and failure of infective J2 to complete their life cycle in this cultivar. Compounds derived from Jesup (Max-Q) tall fescue decreased nematode viability, also contributing to M. incognita suppression by this plant. C1 [Meyer, Susan L. F.; Rupprecht, Shannon M.; Chitwood, David J.] ARS, USDA, Nematol Lab, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Nyczepir, Andrew P.; Brush, Craig W.] ARS, USDA, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. [Mitchell, Ashaki D.; Martin, Phyllis A. W.] ARS, USDA, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Vinyard, Bryan T.] ARS, USDA, Biometr Consulting Serv, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Meyer, SLF (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Nematol Lab, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Susan.L.Meyer@ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 105 IS 3 BP 755 EP 763 DI 10.2134/agronj2012.0374 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 138VE UT WOS:000318537300025 ER PT J AU Iorizzo, M Senalik, DA Ellison, SL Grzebelus, D Cavagnaro, PF Allender, C Brunet, J Spooner, DM Van Deynze, A Simon, PW AF Iorizzo, Massimo Senalik, Douglas A. Ellison, Shelby L. Grzebelus, Dariusz Cavagnaro, Pablo F. Allender, Charlotte Brunet, Johanne Spooner, David M. Van Deynze, Allen Simon, Philipp W. TI GENETIC STRUCTURE AND DOMESTICATION OF CARROT (DAUCUS CAROTA SUBSP SATIVUS) (APIACEAE) SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Apiaceae; Daucus carota; domestication; genetic diversity; single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) ID BARLEY HORDEUM-VULGARE; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; SINGLE DOMESTICATION; NUCLEOTIDE DIVERSITY; MOLECULAR DIVERSITY; CROP DOMESTICATION; CULTIVATED RICE; AFLP ANALYSIS; WILD CARROTS; GENOME AB Premise of the study: Analyses of genetic structure and phylogenetic relationships illuminate the origin and domestication of modern crops. Despite being an important worldwide vegetable, the genetic structure and domestication of carrot (Daucus carota) is poorly understood. We provide the first such study using a large data set of molecular markers and accessions that are widely dispersed around the world. Methods: Sequencing data from the carrot transcriptome were used to develop 4000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Eighty-four genotypes, including a geographically well-distributed subset of wild and cultivated carrots, were genotyped using the KASPar assay. Key results: Analysis of allelic diversity of SNP data revealed no reduction of genetic diversity in cultivated vs. wild accessions. Structure and phylogenetic analysis indicated a clear separation between wild and cultivated accessions as well as between eastern and western cultivated carrot. Among the wild carrots, those from Central Asia were genetically most similar to cultivated accessions. Furthermore, we found that wild carrots from North America were most closely related to European wild accessions. Conclusions: Comparing the genetic diversity of wild and cultivated accessions suggested the absence of a genetic bottleneck during carrot domestication. In conjunction with historical documents, our results suggest an origin of domesticated carrot in Central Asia. Wild carrots from North America were likely introduced as weeds with European colonization. These results provide answers to long-debated questions of carrot evolution and domestication and inform germplasm curators and breeders on genetic substructure of carrot genetic resources. C1 [Iorizzo, Massimo; Senalik, Douglas A.; Ellison, Shelby L.; Spooner, David M.; Simon, Philipp W.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Senalik, Douglas A.; Brunet, Johanne; Spooner, David M.; Simon, Philipp W.] Univ Wisconsin, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, USDA ARS, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Grzebelus, Dariusz] Agr Univ Krakow, Dept Genet Plant Breeding & Seed Sci, PL-31425 Krakow, Poland. [Cavagnaro, Pablo F.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, RA-5567 Mendoza, Argentina. [Cavagnaro, Pablo F.] INTA EEA La Consulta, RA-5567 Mendoza, Argentina. [Allender, Charlotte] Univ Warwick, Warwick Crop Ctr, Warwick CV35 9EF, England. [Brunet, Johanne] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Van Deynze, Allen] Univ Calif Davis, Seed Biotechnol Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Simon, PW (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM philipp.simon@ars.usda.gov RI Grzebelus, Dariusz/I-8832-2014 OI Grzebelus, Dariusz/0000-0001-6999-913X FU California Fresh Carrot Marketing Board; Bejo; Nunhems; Rijk Zwaan; Takii; Vilmorin; Polish National Science Center [N N302 062236] FX The authors thank the California Fresh Carrot Marketing Board and the Bejo, Nunhems, Rijk Zwaan, Takii, and Vilmorin seed companies for financial support. D.G. was supported by the Polish National Science Center, project no. N N302 062236 from 2009-2011. NR 82 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 6 U2 67 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA SN 0002-9122 J9 AM J BOT JI Am. J. Bot. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 100 IS 5 BP 930 EP 938 DI 10.3732/ajb.1300055 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 141IZ UT WOS:000318720200009 PM 23594914 ER PT J AU Wang, ZH Beier, RC Sheng, YJ Zhang, SX Jiang, WX Wang, ZP Wang, J Shen, JZ AF Wang, Zhanhui Beier, Ross C. Sheng, Yajie Zhang, Suxia Jiang, Wenxiao Wang, Zhaopeng Wang, Jin Shen, Jianzhong TI Monoclonal antibodies with group specificity toward sulfonamides: selection of hapten and antibody selectivity SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Sulfonamides; Group specificity; Monoclonal antibody; Hapten ID ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; ELISA; ANTIBIOTICS; SULFAMETHAZINE; GENERATION; RESIDUES; TISSUE; MUSCLE; MILK AB Immunoassays based on the current available antibodies for large multi-sulfonamide screening programs have suffered from high selectivity for individual sulfonamides and a wide range of selectivities for different sulfonamides. In this study, five synthesized haptens, HS, BS, CS, SA10, and TS and two sulfonamides, SG and SMX were used as haptens, which may or may not contain a ring structure at the N1 position of the sulfonamides, were selected to evaluate the effectiveness for producing group-specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). Mice immunized with three different two-ring haptens were used for hybridoma production, which resulted in three unique MAbs recognizing 10, 13, and 15 sulfonamides showing 50 % inhibition (IC50) at concentrations below 100 ng mL(-1). MAb 4D11 derived from one novel immunizing hapten could recognize 12 sulfonamides with IC50 values ranging from 1.2 to 12.4 ng mL(-1), almost within 1 order of magnitude. These produced MAbs show lower IC50 values in addition to significantly improved group specificity compared with previously generated MAbs. This study clearly indicates that the careful selection of the immunizing hapten has an important effect on the specificity of the generated antibodies. C1 [Wang, Zhanhui; Sheng, Yajie; Zhang, Suxia; Jiang, Wenxiao; Wang, Zhaopeng; Wang, Jin; Shen, Jianzhong] China Agr Univ, Dept Vet Pharmacol & Toxicol, Coll Vet Med, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Beier, Ross C.] ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, USDA, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Shen, JZ (reprint author), China Agr Univ, Dept Vet Pharmacol & Toxicol, Coll Vet Med, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. EM sjz@cau.edu.cn OI Wang, Zhanhui/0000-0002-0167-9559; Jiang, Wenxiao/0000-0003-2443-7648 FU State Key Program of National Natural Science of China [30830082]; Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education [20090008120004]; Beijing Excellent Doctoral Dissertation Fund [YB20081001902] FX This work is supported by the grants from the State Key Program of National Natural Science of China (No. 30830082) and the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (20090008120004) and Beijing Excellent Doctoral Dissertation Fund (YB20081001902). We thank Professor Jing Shen of Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Core Laboratory, Peking University School of Oncology, Beijing Cancer Hospital and Institute for MALDI-TOF-MS analysis. NR 24 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 43 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1618-2642 J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 405 IS 12 BP 4027 EP 4037 DI 10.1007/s00216-013-6785-5 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 126TK UT WOS:000317643900016 PM 23417550 ER PT J AU Grewell, BJ Espeland, EK Fiedler, PL AF Grewell, Brenda J. Espeland, Erin K. Fiedler, Peggy L. TI Sea change under climate change: case studies in rare plant conservation from the dynamic San Francisco Estuary SO BOTANY-BOTANIQUE LA English DT Article DE plant reintroduction; wetland restoration; adaptive management; climate change; Chloropyron molle subsp molle; Lilaeopsis masonii ID POPULATION VIABILITY ANALYSIS; ASSISTED COLONIZATION; AMERICAN GINSENG; LIFE-HISTORY; CALIFORNIA; RECOVERY; HETEROGENEITY; RESTORATION; LILAEOPSIS; DEMOGRAPHY AB We present case studies supporting management of two rare plant species in tidal wetlands of the San Francisco Estuary. We used empirical demographic analyses to identify factors to enhance population establishment and survival of Chloropyron molle subsp. molle (Orobancaceae), an annual hemiparasite, and to compare reintroduced with natural populations. Twelve years after outplanting, the reintroduced population persists but is in decline; impediments to success include the lack of adaptive management response to weed invasions and muted variance in hydrology. Transplantation of Lilaeopsis masonii (Apiaceae), a rhizomatous perennial herb, failed to meet success criteria for mitigation at local project scale, but dispersal and establishment of metapopulation patches indicated persistence at the landscape scale. This species has been found to be genetically indistinct from a widespread congener, and has few threats to persistence so long as suitable habitat is present. These two examples demonstrate the need for integrated conservation management strategies that prioritize habitat connectivity and maintain physical processes to support dispersal in response to sea level rise. For the hemiparasite, assisted colonization may sustain populations threatened by sea level rise, but only if a strong commitment to effective stewardship is realized. C1 [Grewell, Brenda J.] Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS, Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Espeland, Erin K.] USDA ARS, Northern Plains Agr Lab, Pest Management Res Unit, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. [Fiedler, Peggy L.] Univ Calif, Off President, Nat Reserve Syst, Oakland, CA 94607 USA. RP Grewell, BJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS, Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, Dept Plant Sci, Mail Stop 4,1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM bjgrewell@ucdavis.edu FU CALFED Bay-Delta Ecosystem Restoration Program; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Solano Water Agency FX We thank C.A. Brigham, J. Gaskin, K.J. Rice, and an anonymous reviewer for comments that improved the manuscript and B. Redlin for assistance with figures. B.J.G. thanks E. Rejmankova, M. DaPrato, and C.J. Futrell for their contributions, and all UC Davis students who assisted in the field. She thanks the CALFED Bay-Delta Ecosystem Restoration Program, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Solano Water Agency for research support; and cooperators at the California Department of Parks and Recreation, California Department of Fish and Game, and Solano Land Trust for research permits. P.L.F. would like to thank her students from San Francisco State University and her many Napa Lilaeopsis colleagues, in particular, E. Crumb, A.K. Knox, and M. Keever, for assistance in the field and data analysis and graphic support. NR 64 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 41 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 1916-2790 J9 BOTANY JI Botany PD MAY PY 2013 VL 91 IS 5 BP 309 EP 318 DI 10.1139/cjb-2012-0300 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 142EZ UT WOS:000318780700006 ER PT J AU Rynear, J Peterson, CL Richardson, ML AF Rynear, Juliet Peterson, Cheryl L. Richardson, Matthew L. TI Variables influencing germination and initial survival of two critically endangered plants: Warea amplexifolia and Lupinus aridorum SO BOTANY-BOTANIQUE LA English DT Article DE clasping warea; scrub lupine; Florida scrub; sandhill; seed origin; ex situ conservation ID FLORIDA SCRUB; POPULATION BIOLOGY; SALICYLIC-ACID AB One challenge of ex situ conservation is developing propagation methods that promote a high rate of survival and genetic diversity. Developing successful propagation methods is especially important for rare species to prevent their extinction. Clasping warea, Warea amplexifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. (Brassicaceae), and scrub lupine, Lupinus aridorum McFarlin ex Beckner (Fabaceae), are two rare species endemic to imperiled Florida sandhill and scrub habitats, respectively. We tested whether the collection site of seeds, seed stratification temperature, and several propagation methods influenced germination and initial survival of W. amplexifolia and L. aridorum. The collection site of seeds and type of pot influenced percent germination of W. amplexifolia, whereas soaking seeds in water and stratification temperature did not. The site where seeds were collected did not influence germination of L. aridorum and treating seedlings with salicylic acid, nitrogen, or salicylic acid and nitrogen sometimes reduced, but did not increase, initial survival of seedlings. Overall, our results will inform additional experiments on ex situ conservation and may be applicable to other herbs endemic to Florida. C1 [Rynear, Juliet; Peterson, Cheryl L.] Bok Tower Gardens, Rare Plant Conservat Program, Lake Wales, FL 33853 USA. [Richardson, Matthew L.] USDA ARS, Subtrop Insects Res Unit, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Peterson, CL (reprint author), Bok Tower Gardens, Rare Plant Conservat Program, 1151 Tower Blvd, Lake Wales, FL 33853 USA. EM cpeterson@boktower.org FU state of Florida [015978, 017165]; Florida Forest Service [017951]; United State Fish and Wildlife Service [F09AP00047] FX We thank private and public landowners for entry and collection permission. Three anonymous reviewers greatly improved an earlier draft of this manuscript. This work was funded by the state of Florida (contracts 015978 and 017165), Florida Forest Service (contract 017951), and the United State Fish and Wildlife Service (contract F09AP00047). NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 19 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 1916-2790 J9 BOTANY JI Botany PD MAY PY 2013 VL 91 IS 5 BP 323 EP 326 DI 10.1139/cjb-2012-0242 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 142EZ UT WOS:000318780700008 ER PT J AU Kukavskaya, EA Soja, AJ Petkov, AP Ponomarev, EI Ivanova, GA Conard, SG AF Kukavskaya, Elena A. Soja, Amber J. Petkov, Alexander P. Ponomarev, Evgeni I. Ivanova, Galina A. Conard, Susan G. TI Fire emissions estimates in Siberia: evaluation of uncertainties in area burned, land cover, and fuel consumption SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID FOREST-FIRES; NORTHERN EURASIA; BOREAL FORESTS; CARBON BUDGET; MODIS; PRODUCTS; RUSSIA; ATMOSPHERE; ALGORITHM; CLIMATE AB Boreal forests constitute the world's largest terrestrial carbon pools. The main natural disturbance in these forests is wildfire, which modifies the carbon budget and atmosphere, directly and indirectly. Wildfire emissions in Russia contribute substantially to the global carbon cycle and have potentially important feedbacks to changing climate. Published estimates of carbon emissions from fires in Russian boreal forests vary greatly depending on the methods and data sets used. We examined various fire and vegetation products used to estimate wildfire emissions for Siberia. Large (up to fivefold) differences in annual and monthly area burned estimates for Siberia were found among four satellite-based fire data sets. Official Russian data were typically less than 10% of satellite estimates. Differences in the estimated proportion of annual burned area within each ecosystem were as much as 40% among five land-cover products. As a result, fuel consumption estimates would be expected to vary widely (3%-98%) depending on the specific vegetation mapping product used and as a function of weather conditions. Verification and validation of burned area and land-cover data sets along with the development of fuel maps and combustion models are essential for accurate Siberian wildfire emission estimates, which are central to balancing the carbon budget and assessing feedbacks to climate change. C1 [Kukavskaya, Elena A.; Ponomarev, Evgeni I.; Ivanova, Galina A.] VN Sukachev Inst Forest SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia. [Soja, Amber J.] Natl Inst Aerosp, Hampton, VA 23666 USA. [Soja, Amber J.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. [Petkov, Alexander P.; Conard, Susan G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. [Conard, Susan G.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Kukavskaya, EA (reprint author), VN Sukachev Inst Forest SB RAS, Akademgorodok 50-28, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia. EM kukavskaya@ksc.krasn.ru RI Conard, Susan/H-8158-2013; Evgenii, Ponomarev/A-7595-2013; Kukavskaya, Elena/I-8155-2014 OI Evgenii, Ponomarev/0000-0002-7185-3639; FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); Land Cover Land Use Change (LCLUC) project under Northern Eurasia Earth Science Partnership Initiative (NEESPI); Terrestrial Ecology (TE) project under Northern Eurasia Earth Science Partnership Initiative (NEESPI); Inter-DiSciplinary (IDS) project under Northern Eurasia Earth Science Partnership Initiative (NEESPI); Institute of International Education, Fulbright Scholar Program; Russian Foundation for Basic Research [12-04-31258]; FGP "Scientific and scientific-pedagogical staff of innovative Russia"; Russian Academy of Sciences FX The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), Land Cover Land Use Change (LCLUC), Terrestrial Ecology (TE), and Inter-DiSciplinary (IDS) projects, all of which fall under the Northern Eurasia Earth Science Partnership Initiative (NEESPI) domain; the Institute of International Education, Fulbright Scholar Program; the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Grant No. 12-04-31258; FGP "Scientific and scientific-pedagogical staff of innovative Russia"; and the Russian Academy of Sciences. NR 65 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 24 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 EI 1208-6037 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 43 IS 5 BP 493 EP 506 DI 10.1139/cjfr-2012-0367 PG 14 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 142GL UT WOS:000318785100008 ER PT J AU Yemshanov, D Koch, FH Ducey, M Koehler, K AF Yemshanov, Denys Koch, Frank H. Ducey, Mark Koehler, Klaus TI Mapping ecological risks with a portfolio-based technique: incorporating uncertainty and decision-making preferences SO DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONS LA English DT Article DE Epistemic uncertainty; human-assisted spread; invasibility; mean-variance frontier; road network; stochastic dominance ID SPATIAL STOCHASTIC SIMULATION; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; UNITED-STATES; SIREX-NOCTILIO; SPREAD; DOMINANCE; DISPERSAL; MODEL; TRANSPORT; PATHWAYS AB Aim Geographic mapping of risks is a useful analytical step in ecological risk assessments and in particular, in analyses aimed to estimate risks associated with introductions of invasive organisms. In this paper, we approach invasive species risk mapping as a portfolio allocation problem and apply techniques from decision theory to build an invasion risk map that combines risk and uncertainty in a single map product. Location Canada. Methods We divide the study area into a set of spatial domains and treat each domain as an individual portfolio' with a unique distribution of the expected impacts of invasion. The risk of invasion is then mapped by finding nested efficient' portfolio sets that identify the geographic areas exhibiting the worst combinations of the estimated risk of invasion and the uncertainty in that estimate. For Canadian municipalities, we apply the approach to quantify the risk that a given location will receive invasive forest pests with commercial freight transported via the North American road network. We compare risk allocation techniques that employ the concepts of nested mean-variance (M-V) frontiers and second-degree stochastic dominance. Results While both methods based on M-V and the stochastic dominance principles identified similar areas of highest risk, they differed in how they demarcated moderate-risk areas. Furthermore, they address uncertainty in different ways, treating it as a risk premium (in the case of nested M-V frontiers) or producing risk-averse delineations (in the case of stochastic dominance). Main conclusions The portfolio-based approach offers a viable strategy for dealing with the typically wide variability in risk estimates caused by a lack of knowledge about a new invader. The methodology also provides a tractable way of incorporating decision-making preferences into the final risk estimates and thus better aligns risk assessments with particular decision-making scenarios about the organism of concern. C1 [Yemshanov, Denys] Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, Great Lakes Forestry Ctr, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada. [Koch, Frank H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Eastern Forest Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Ducey, Mark] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Koehler, Klaus] Canadian Food Inspect Agcy, Ottawa, ON K1A 0Y9, Canada. RP Yemshanov, D (reprint author), Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, Great Lakes Forestry Ctr, 1219 Queen St East, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada. EM dyemshan@nrcan.gc.ca RI Ducey, Mark/K-1101-2016; OI Koch, Frank/0000-0002-3750-4507 FU NRCan - CFIA Forest Invasive Alien Species initiative; Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program from the National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2010-85605-20584] FX The authors extend their gratitude and thanks to Kirsty Wilson and Marty Siltanen (Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service) for technical support and diligence with preparing the case study dataset for this study. The participation of Denys Yemshanov was supported by an interdepartmental NRCan - CFIA Forest Invasive Alien Species initiative. The participation of Mark Ducey was supported by the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program Grant No. 2010-85605-20584 from the National Institute of Food and Agriculture. NR 63 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 32 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1366-9516 J9 DIVERS DISTRIB JI Divers. Distrib. PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 19 IS 5-6 SI SI BP 567 EP 579 DI 10.1111/ddi.12061 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 138KP UT WOS:000318507800008 ER PT J AU Punnuri, S Huang, YH Steets, J Wu, YQ AF Punnuri, Somashekhar Huang, Yinghua Steets, Janette Wu, Yanqi TI Developing new markers and QTL mapping for greenbug resistance in sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE Aphid resistance; Greenbug; Host plant resistance; Molecular marker; QTL mapping; Sorghum ID SEQUENCE REPEATS SSRS; HOST-PLANT RESISTANCE; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; PEST-MANAGEMENT; LINKAGE-MAP; BIOTYPE-I; IDENTIFICATION; DIVERSITY; HOMOPTERA; APHIDIDAE AB Greenbug is a major damaging insect to sorghum production in the United States. Among various virulent greenbug biotypes, biotype I is the most predominant and severe for sorghum. To combat with the damaging pest, greenbug resistant sources were obtained from screening sorghum germplasm collection. This experiment was conducted to identify the genomic regions contributing resistance to greenbug biotype I in a sorghum accession, PI 607900. An F-2 mapping population consisting of 371 individuals developed from a cross of the resistant line with an elite cultivar, BTx623 (susceptible) were tested and scored for their response to greenbug feeding in the greenhouse. Significant differences in resistance were observed between the two parental lines and among their F-2 progeny in response to greenbug feeding at 7, 10, 14 and 21 days after infestation. A linkage map spanning a total length of 729.5 cM across the genome was constructed with 102 polymorphic SSR markers (69 genomic and 33 EST SSRs). Of those microsatellite markers, 48 were newly developed during this study, which are a useful addition for sorghum genotyping and genome mapping. Single marker analysis revealed 29 markers to be significantly associated with the plant response to greenbug feeding damage. The results from interval mapping, composite interval mapping and multiple interval mapping analyses identified four major QTLs for greenbug resistance on chromosome 9. These QTLs collectively accounted for 34-82 % of the phenotypic variance in greenbug resistance. Minor QTLs located on chromosome 3 explained 1 % of the phenotypic variance in greenbug resistance. The major allele for greenbug resistance was on chromosome 9 close to receptor-like kinase Xa21-binding protein 3. These markers are useful to screen more resistant genotypes. Furthermore, the markers tagged to QTL regions can be used to enhance the sorghum breeding program for greenbug resistance through marker-assisted selection and map-based cloning. C1 [Punnuri, Somashekhar; Huang, Yinghua; Steets, Janette] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Bot, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Huang, Yinghua] ARS, USDA, Plant Sci Res Lab, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. [Wu, Yanqi] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. RP Huang, YH (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Bot, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM yinghua.huang@ars.usda.gov RI Punnuri, Somashekhar/D-9195-2016 OI Punnuri, Somashekhar/0000-0002-4542-4160 FU Oklahoma Sorghum Commission FX The author would like to thank Dr. Kathleen Yeaters, Area Statistician, ARS, College Station, TX for her assistance in statistical analysis. The author would also thank Ms. Angela Phillips for technical support during the project. The author would like to acknowledge the funding support received from Oklahoma Sorghum Commission for the project. NR 63 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 6 U2 37 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD MAY PY 2013 VL 191 IS 2 BP 191 EP 203 DI 10.1007/s10681-012-0755-4 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 142GF UT WOS:000318784400004 ER PT J AU Buonopane, M Snider, G Kerns, BK Doescher, PS AF Buonopane, Michelle Snider, Gabrielle Kerns, Becky K. Doescher, Paul S. TI Complex restoration challenges: Weeds, seeds, and roads in a forested Wildland Urban Interface SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Seed bank; Wildland Urban Interface (WUI); Mixed-conifer forests; Understory vegetation; Herbicide ID PLANT INVASIONS; UNITED-STATES; VIABLE SEED; BANK; SOIL; VEGETATION; LANDSCAPE; EDGE; COMMUNITIES; PATTERNS AB Federal policies in the US strongly emphasize reducing hazardous fuels at the Wildland Urban Interface (WUI). However, these areas present restoration challenges as they often have exotic weeds, frequent human disturbance, and the presence of roads. Understanding seed banks is important in planning for desirable post-disturbance community conditions, developing integrated weed management programs, and complying with State and Federal regulations. We characterized the aboveground vegetation and seed bank in a WUI composed of mixed age dry-mixed conifer forest stands in central Washington State, and examined patterns and relationships between aboveground vegetation and seed bank germinant abundance in relation to distance to road, seed bank layer, and herbicide treatments. Noxious weed frequency, as well as exotic weed and annual native forb cover, significantly decreased with distance from road, while native graminoid cover increased, declining beyond 20 m. Herbicides did not affect composition of the aboveground community in the short term. Six hundred and thirty seeds germinated from litter and mineral soil samples over a 5 month trial, and 43 species were identified. Most germinants (77%) and species (36 species) emerged from the litter layer compared to mineral soil, and the majority were annual forbs, followed by perennial forbs, native graminoids and exotic species. Little similarity was found between the extant vegetation and seed bank floras. Fourteen percent of germinants were exotic species, and were found in similar abundances regardless of proximity to road or herbicide treatment. Findings from our study suggest that (1) roads strongly influenced aboveground vegetative cover and species composition; (2) seed bank contributions to desirable post-disturbance understory development may be relatively low, especially if activities remove the litter layer; (3) weed populations were largely confined to near road environments, but the weed seed bank, which is a substantial part of the total seed bank, was not; and (4) herbicide treatments were ineffective and did not impact seed banks in the short term. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Buonopane, Michelle; Kerns, Becky K.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis Forestry Sci Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Snider, Gabrielle; Doescher, Paul S.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Buonopane, M (reprint author), 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM michelle.day@oregonstate.edu FU Pacific Northwest Research Station; Joint Fire Sciences Program; Oregon State University FX The Pacific Northwest Research Station, Joint Fire Sciences Program and Oregon State University provided funding. Thanks to field crew members Troy Maddux, Steve Swenson and Mary Bushman. Statistical consultation provided by Pat Cunningham. Thanks to the Cle Elum Ranger District for collaboration on this project, with special thanks to Viva Worthington. We thank two anonymous reviewers for suggestions that improved the manuscript. NR 64 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 47 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD MAY 1 PY 2013 VL 295 BP 87 EP 96 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.01.013 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 135XD UT WOS:000318323100011 ER PT J AU Joyce, DG Rehfeldt, GE AF Joyce, Dennis G. Rehfeldt, Gerald E. TI Climatic niche, ecological genetics, and impact of climate change on eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.): Guidelines for land managers SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Bioclimate models; Ecological genetics; Climatic niche; Climate response models; Seed transfer guidelines; Seed zones ID UNITED-STATES; BOREAL FOREST; SEED TRANSFER; POPULATIONS; RESPONSES; DROUGHT; MODELS; MORTALITY; PATTERNS; CONTORTA AB Approximately, 123,500 forest inventory and ecological ground plots representing eastern North America were used to predict the contemporary distribution of eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.) from climate. The random forests classification tree procedures produced an 8-variable algorithm that had an 8% overall error rate. Erroneous predictions of presence, or errors of commission, were 13%, while falsely predicting absence, or errors of omission were 1%. Climate-based multiple regression models were developed to describe patterns of genetic variation among 112 populations representing the range of P. strobus in Ontario, Canada east of Lake Superior. Degree days >5 degrees C was the best predictor of variation in phenology and growth potential, with 5-year height providing the greatest resolution of inter-population variation (R-2 = 0.68). Cold hardiness in the fall was most closely associated with mean minimum temperature (R-2 = 0.26). Height growth data from four disparate provenance test series that together included a total of 354 provenances corroborated the range-wide applicability of the regional genetic models. Although variation in growth potential in the central Appalachian Mountains was most closely associated with mean minimum temperature, degree days >5 degrees C remained the best predictor of range-wide variation in growth potential (R-2 = 0.41). The contemporary distribution and inter-population genetic variation were projected into future climates predicted by three General Circulation Models, two scenarios, and three time steps. All projections indicate early and sustained deterioration in the contemporary habitat. Concurrence among projections regarding the redistribution of suitable habitat to the north of the contemporary distribution identifies geographic locations with the highest probability of supporting vigorous stands of P. strobus. Concurrences among genetic projections clarify the intraspecific redistribution required to conserve adaptive variation. The projections have direct relevance in developing management strategies for accommodating the changing climate. (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Joyce, Dennis G.] Ontario Minist Nat Resources, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 6V5, Canada. [Rehfeldt, Gerald E.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Forestry Sci Lab, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. RP Joyce, DG (reprint author), 449 Walls Rd, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 5K6, Canada. EM dennis.joyce@ontario.ca; jrehfeldt@gmail.com NR 96 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 8 U2 85 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD MAY 1 PY 2013 VL 295 BP 173 EP 192 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2012.12.024 PG 20 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 135XD UT WOS:000318323100020 ER PT J AU Sutton, WB Wang, Y Schweitzer, CJ AF Sutton, William B. Wang, Yong Schweitzer, Callie J. TI Amphibian and reptile responses to thinning and prescribed burning in mixed pine-hardwood forests of northwestern Alabama, USA SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Herpetofauna; William B. Bankhead National Forest; Forest management; Southern Pine Beetle; Disturbance; Canonical correspondence analysis ID MISSOURI OZARK FORESTS; SHORT-TERM RESPONSE; OREGON COAST RANGE; TERRESTRIAL SALAMANDERS; FUEL REDUCTION; SILVICULTURAL TREATMENTS; SOUTHERN APPALACHIANS; PLETHODON-CINEREUS; TIMBER MANAGEMENT; SPECIES-DIVERSITY AB We evaluated the response of amphibians and reptiles to two levels of prescribed burning and three levels of thinning using a field experiment consisting of a before-after, control-impact, and factorial complete block design over a four year period in the William B. Bankhead National Forest located in northwestern Alabama. We captured 2643 individuals representing 47 species (20 amphibians and 27 reptiles) during 3132 trap nights. Pre-treatment captures varied widely for both amphibians and reptiles among the stands designated for management, which was likely due to forest structural changes caused by tree mortality resulting from Southern Pine Beetle (Dendroctonus frontalis) infestations. Within each amphibian and reptile species assemblage, we observed species-specific associations with specific treatments and environmental characteristics. In regards to individual species responses, Eastern Fence Lizards (Sceloporus undulatus) increased in thin-with-burn treatments and Green Anoles (Anolis carolinensis) tended to increase in all thinned stands. North American Racers (Coluber constrictor) increased in thin-only plots primarily during the second post-treatment year. Mississippi Slimy Salamander (Plethodon mississippi) captures tended to decrease in all treatment stands throughout the study period, which may been due to either drier environmental conditions during post-treatment sampling or natural population cycling. Pool-breeding amphibian captures were more likely related to the hydroperiod of aquatic breeding environments within 290 m of survey locations rather than forest treatments. Our results illustrate that forest restoration through tree thinning can positively influence certain reptile species with limited impacts on amphibians in upland, pine-dominated forests of northern Alabama. However, as our forest stands are scheduled to be burned every 3-5 years, continued monitoring is necessary to understand the impacts of repeated disturbances. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Sutton, William B.; Wang, Yong] Alabama A&M Univ, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Normal, AL 35762 USA. [Schweitzer, Callie J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Normal, AL 35762 USA. RP Sutton, WB (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Forestry Wildlife & Fisheries, 274 Ellington Plant Sci Bldg, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM billsutton.wv@gmail.com; wang.aamu@gmail.com FU Environmental Protection Agency STAR program; USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station; CREST program; EPA STAR Fellowship program; Southern Research Station of the USDA Forest Service; National Science Foundation [HRD-0420541] FX Funding provided through the Environmental Protection Agency STAR program to WBS was used to pay tuition and meeting expenses along with academic supplies and field equipment. Funds provided by the USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station were used to purchase climate dataloggers along with materials to construct drift-fences. The CREST program funds were used for the purchase and maintenance of field vehicles.; We thank M. Bolus, R. Hardman, and E. Larrivee for field assistance. We also thank R. Sisk, J. Rice, and S. Clark of the USDA Forest Service and the AAMU graduate students and staff who provided assistance with the construction and installation of trapping units, along with the employees of the Bankhead National Forest for providing logistical support. Funds for this study were provided by the EPA STAR Fellowship program, the Southern Research Station of the USDA Forest Service, and the CREST program of National Science Foundation (HRD-0420541). We thank Kenneth Dodd along with two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on earlier versions of this manuscript. NR 92 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 5 U2 57 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD MAY 1 PY 2013 VL 295 BP 213 EP 227 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2012.12.047 PG 15 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 135XD UT WOS:000318323100023 ER PT J AU Cantrell, AW Wang, Y Schweitzer, CJ Greenberg, CH AF Cantrell, Andrew W. Wang, Yong Schweitzer, Callie J. Greenberg, Cathryn H. TI Short term response of herpetofauna to oak regeneration treatments on the mid-Cumberland Plateau of southern Tennessee SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Amphibians; Cumberland Plateau; Shelterwood; Oak-shelterwood; Reptiles; Upland hardwood forest ID TERRESTRIAL SALAMANDERS; FOREST MANAGEMENT; SILVICULTURAL PRACTICES; SHELTERWOOD STANDS; PLETHODON-CINEREUS; TIMBER HARVEST; RED OAK; BOTTOMLAND; ABUNDANCE; MISSOURI AB We examined the short term response of herpetofauna to two treatments designed to regenerate oak in upland hardwood forest: (1) shelterwood (30-40% BA retention), and (2) oak-shelterwood (midstory removal by use of herbicide), along with controls. Research was conducted 1 and 2 years post treatment within an oak-hickory forest within the mid-Cumberland Plateau of southern Tennessee. Reptiles and amphibians were captured using drift fences equipped with double-ended funnel traps and pitfall traps. The shelterwood treatment had the least canopy cover and greatest amount of light at the forest floor relative to oak shelterwood or control. These changes were the main drivers for increasing the complexity of forest vegetation within the stands. Fowler's toads, eastern-narrow mouthed toads, northern slimy salamanders, eastern five-lined skinks, eastern fence lizards, northern black racers and smooth earth snakes were most abundant in the shelterwood treatment. Broad-headed skinks were most abundant in oak-shelterwood stands. Amphibian and reptile species richness was higher in the shelterwood stands than in oak-shelterwood or control. Reptile diversity was higher in the shelterwood treatment than controls. No negative responses for herpetofaunal abundance, richness, or diversity were detected in either treatment. These findings will provide forest resource managers and private forest land owners with better knowledge for conserving herpetofaunal species when implementing these oak regeneration methods in upland hardwood forests of the Cumberland Plateau. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Cantrell, Andrew W.; Wang, Yong] Alabama A&M Univ, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, Normal, AL 35762 USA. [Schweitzer, Callie J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Normal, AL 36762 USA. [Greenberg, Cathryn H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Asheville, NC 28806 USA. RP Cantrell, AW (reprint author), Alabama A&M Univ, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, POB 1927, Normal, AL 35762 USA. EM Andrew.w.cantrell@gmail.com; Yong.Wang@aamu.edu; cschweitzer@fs.fed.us; kgreenberg@fs.fed.us FU USDA; Alabama EPSCoR; Alabama AM University; National Science Foundation FX This is a contribution of the Regional Oak Study. This research was initiated by the Forest Service, USDA, Southern Research Station, Upland Hardwood Ecology and Management Research Work Unit (RWU 4157) in partnership with the USDA Northern Research Station, the North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission, the Stevenson Land Company, and the Mark Twain National Forest. We also thank Ashley VanderHam, Haley MacKeil, Brad O'Hanlon, Caroline Burdick, Ryan Sisk, Nathan Brown, and Trey Petty for their assistance in and out of the field. Funding was provided by the USDA, Alabama EPSCoR, Alabama A&M University, and the National Science Foundation. NR 62 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD MAY 1 PY 2013 VL 295 BP 239 EP 247 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.01.027 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 135XD UT WOS:000318323100025 ER PT J AU Delaney, KJ Wawrzyniak, M Lemanczyk, G Wrzesinska, D Piesik, D AF Delaney, Kevin J. Wawrzyniak, Maria Lemanczyk, Grzegorz Wrzesinska, Danuta Piesik, Dariusz TI Synthetic Cis-Jasmone Exposure Induces Wheat and Barley Volatiles that Repel the Pest Cereal Leaf Beetle, Oulema melanopus L. SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Hordeum vulgare; Triticum aestivum; cis-jasmone; Volatile; Cereal leaf beetle; Induction ID PLANT DEFENSE; HERBIVOROUS INSECTS; MECHANICAL INJURY; COTTON PLANTS; INDUCTION; RESPONSES; ATTACK; GENES; MAIZE; ATTRACTION AB The plant semiochemical cis-jasmone primes/induces plant resistance that deters herbivores and attracts natural enemies. We studied the induction of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in winter wheat and spring barley after exposure of plants to three synthetic cis-jasmone doses (50 mu l of 1, 100, and 1 x 10(4) ng mu l(-1)) and durations of exposure (1, 3, and 6 h). Cereal leaf beetle, Oulema melanopus, adult behavioral responses were examined in a Y-tube olfactometer to cis-jasmone induced plant VOC bouquets and to two synthetic blends of VOCs (3 green leaf volatiles (GLVs); 4 terpenes + indole). In both cereals, eight VOCs [(Z)-3-hexanal, (Z)-3-hexanol, (Z)-3-hexanyl acetate, (Z)-beta-ocimene, linalool, beta-caryophyllene, (E)-aEuro"farnesene, and indole] were induced 100- to 1000-fold after cis-jasmone exposure. The degree of induction in both cereals was usually positively and linearly associated with increasing exposure dose and duration. However, VOC emission rate was only similar to 2-fold greater from plants exposed to the highest vs. lowest cis-jasmone exposure doses (1 Au 10(4) difference) or durations (6-fold difference). Male and female O. melanopus were deterred by both cereal VOC bouquets after plant exposure to the high cis-jasmone dose (1 Au 10(4) ng mu l(-1)), while females were also deterred after plant exposure to the low dose (1 ng mu l(-1)) but attracted to unexposed plant VOC bouquets. Both O. melanopus sexes were repelled by terpene/indole and GLV blends at two concentrations (25 ng center dot min(-1); 125 ng center dot min(-1)), but attracted to the lowest dose (1 ng center dot min(-1)) of a GLV blend. It is possible that the biologically relevant low cis-jasmone dose has ecological activity and potential for inducing field crop VOCs to deter O. melanopus. C1 [Delaney, Kevin J.] ARS, Pest Management Res Unit, Northern Plains Agr Res Lab, USDA, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. [Wawrzyniak, Maria; Lemanczyk, Grzegorz; Wrzesinska, Danuta; Piesik, Dariusz] Univ Technol & Life Sci, Dept Entomol & Mol Phytopathol, PL-85225 Bydgoszcz, Poland. RP Piesik, D (reprint author), Univ Technol & Life Sci, Dept Entomol & Mol Phytopathol, 20 Kordeckiego St, PL-85225 Bydgoszcz, Poland. EM piesik@utp.edu.pl FU Ministry of Science and Higher Education [1648/B/P01/2010/39] FX We thank R. B. Srygley for performing the ARS paper review, as well as two anonymous reviewers for providing comments that improved previous drafts of this manuscript. This research was partly supported with funds provided by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education (contract number 1648/B/P01/2010/39 entitled, 'Effect of volatile organic compounds released by green and floral parts of Brassica napus on behavior of Meligethes aeneus F. NR 45 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 8 U2 66 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0098-0331 J9 J CHEM ECOL JI J. Chem. Ecol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 39 IS 5 BP 620 EP 629 DI 10.1007/s10886-013-0281-4 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 140MH UT WOS:000318657700006 PM 23588742 ER PT J AU El-Sayed, AM Cole, L Revell, J Manning, LA Twidle, A Knight, AL Bus, VGM Suckling, DM AF El-Sayed, Ashraf M. Cole, Lyn Revell, John Manning, Lee-Anne Twidle, Andrew Knight, Alan L. Bus, Vincent G. M. Suckling, David M. TI Apple Volatiles Synergize the Response of Codling Moth to Pear Ester SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Codling moth; Cydia pomonella; Malus domestica; Apple volatile; Pear ester; Kairomone; Lures ID CYDIA-POMONELLA LEPIDOPTERA; TERM PEST-MANAGEMENT; ETHYL (2E,4Z)-2,4-DECADIENOATE; CHEMICAL ECOLOGY; TORTRICIDAE; KAIROMONE; Z)-2,4-DECADIENOATE; ERADICATION; CODLEMONE; ORCHARDS AB Codling moth, Cydia pomonella L. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), is a major cosmopolitan pest of apple and other pome fruits. Ethyl (E,Z)-2,4-decadienoate (pear ester) has been identified as a host-derived kairomone for female and male codling moths. However, pear ester has not performed similarly in different fruit production areas in terms of the relative magnitude of moth catch, especially the proportion of females caught. Our work was undertaken to identify host volatiles from apples, and to investigate whether these volatiles can be used to enhance the efficacy of host kairomone pear ester for monitoring female and male codling moths. Volatiles from immature apple trees were collected in the field using dynamic headspace sampling during the active period of codling moth flight. Using gas chromatography-electroantennogram detector (GC/EAD) analysis, six compounds elicited responses from antennae of females. These compounds were identified by GC/mass spectrometry (MS) and comparisons to authentic standards as nonanal, (E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene, methyl salicylate, decanal, (Z,E)-alpha-farnesene, and (E,E)-alpha-farnesene. When the EAD-active compounds were tested individually in the field, no codling moths were caught except for a single male with decanal. However, addition of (E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene, methyl salicylate, decanal, or (E,E)-alpha-farnesene to pear ester in a binary mixture enhanced the efficacy of pear ester for attracting female codling moths compared to pear ester alone. Addition of the 6-component blend to the pear ester resulted in a significant increase in the number of males attracted, and enhanced the females captured compared to pear ester alone; the number of males and females caught was similar to that with the pear ester plus acetic acid combination lure. Our results demonstrate that it is possible to synergize the response of codling moth to host kairomone by using other host volatiles. The new apple-pear ester host kairomone blend should be helpful for monitoring female codling moth, and may provide the basis for further improvement of codling moth kairomone. C1 [El-Sayed, Ashraf M.; Revell, John; Manning, Lee-Anne; Twidle, Andrew; Suckling, David M.] New Zealand Inst Plant & Food Res Ltd, Lincoln 7608, New Caledonia. [Cole, Lyn; Bus, Vincent G. M.] New Zealand Inst Plant & Food Res Ltd, Havelock North 4157, New Zealand. [Knight, Alan L.] ARS, USDA, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. RP El-Sayed, AM (reprint author), New Zealand Inst Plant & Food Res Ltd, Gerald St, Lincoln 7608, New Caledonia. EM ashraf.el-sayed@plantandfood.co.nz RI Bus, Vincent/B-1318-2011; Suckling, David/F-7005-2010 OI Bus, Vincent/0000-0003-4071-4457; Suckling, David/0000-0001-7216-9348 FU New Zealand Ministry for Research Science and Innovation [CO6X0811]; Plant & Food Research's Capability Fund FX This work was funded by the New Zealand Ministry for Research Science and Innovation (Sustainable Integrated Pest Management in Horticulture, CO6X0811) and Plant & Food Research's Capability Fund. NR 43 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 70 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0098-0331 J9 J CHEM ECOL JI J. Chem. Ecol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 39 IS 5 BP 643 EP 652 DI 10.1007/s10886-013-0277-0 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 140MH UT WOS:000318657700008 PM 23564293 ER PT J AU Liu, ZJ Feng, SP Pandey, MK Chen, XP Culbreath, AK Varshney, RK Guo, BZ AF Liu, Zhanji Feng, Suping Pandey, Manish K. Chen, Xiaoping Culbreath, Albert K. Varshney, Rajeev K. Guo, Baozhu TI Identification of Expressed Resistance Gene Analogs from Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Expressed Sequence Tags SO JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Arachis hypogaea; expressed sequence tags; resistance gene analogs; Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ID MAP-BASED CLONING; ZEA-MAYS L.; DISEASE-RESISTANCE; CULTIVATED PEANUT; LINKAGE MAP; DROUGHT STRESS; VULGARIS L.; GENOME; RECEPTOR; MAIZE AB Low genetic diversity makes peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) very vulnerable to plant pathogens, causing severe yield loss and reduced seed quality. Several hundred partial genomic DNA sequences as nucleotide-binding-site leucine-rich repeat (NBS-LRR) resistance genes (R) have been identified, but a small portion with expressed transcripts has been found. We aimed to identify resistance gene analogs (RGAs) from peanut expressed sequence tags (ESTs) and to develop polymorphic markers. The protein sequences of 54 known R genes were used to identify homologs from peanut ESTs from public databases. A total of 1,053 ESTs corresponding to six different classes of known R genes were recovered, and assembled 156 contigs and 229 singletons as peanut-expressed RGAs. There were 69 that encoded for NBS-LRR proteins, 191 that encoded for protein kinases, 82 that encoded for LRR-PK/transmembrane proteins, 28 that encoded for Toxin reductases, 11 that encoded for LRR-domain containing proteins and four that encoded for TM-domain containing proteins. Twenty-eight simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were identified from 25 peanut expressed RGAs. One SSR polymorphic marker (RGA121) was identified. Two polymerase chain reaction-based markers (Ahsw-1 and Ahsw-2) developed from RGA013 were homologous to the Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV) resistance gene. All three markers were mapped on the same linkage group AhIV. These expressed RGAs are the source for RGA-tagged marker development and identification of peanut resistance genes. C1 [Liu, Zhanji; Feng, Suping; Pandey, Manish K.; Chen, Xiaoping; Culbreath, Albert K.] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Pathol, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Liu, Zhanji] Shandong Acad Agr Sci, High Tech Res Ctr, Jinan 250100, Peoples R China. [Feng, Suping] Qiongzhou Univ, Coll Biosci & Biotechnol, Sanya 572022, Peoples R China. [Pandey, Manish K.; Varshney, Rajeev K.] Int Crops Res Inst Semi Arid Trop, Patancheru 502324, Andhra Pradesh, India. [Chen, Xiaoping] Guangdong Acad Agr Sci, Crops Res Inst, Guangzhou 510640, Peoples R China. [Guo, Baozhu] ARS, USDA, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Guo, BZ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM Baozhu.Guo@ars.usda.gov RI Varshney, Rajeev/C-5295-2014 OI Varshney, Rajeev/0000-0002-4562-9131 FU Georgia Agricultural Commodity Commission for Peanuts; National Peanut Board; Peanut Foundation FX We thank Billy Wilson and Sara Beth Pelham for technical assistance in the field and the laboratory. This research was partially supported by funds provided by the Georgia Agricultural Commodity Commission for Peanuts, the National Peanut Board and the Peanut Foundation. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture (USDA). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 62 TC 6 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1672-9072 J9 J INTEGR PLANT BIOL JI J. Integr. Plant Biol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 55 IS 5 BP 453 EP 461 DI 10.1111/jipb.12037 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 142QR UT WOS:000318812700006 PM 23384141 ER PT J AU Ness, SL Schares, G Peters, J Mittel, LD Dubey, JP Bowman, DD Mohammed, HO Divers, TJ AF Ness, S. L. Schares, G. Peters, J. Mittel, L. D. Dubey, J. P. Bowman, D. D. Mohammed, H. O. Divers, T. J. TI CLINICAL AND SEROLOGIC DIAGNOSIS OF BESNOITIOSIS IN DONKEYS SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ness, S. L.; Peters, J.; Mittel, L. D.; Bowman, D. D.; Mohammed, H. O.; Divers, T. J.] Cornell Univ, Coll Vet Med, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Schares, G.] Fed Res Inst Anim Hlth, Friedrich Loeffler Inst, Wusterhausen, Germany. [Dubey, J. P.] USDA, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0891-6640 J9 J VET INTERN MED JI J. Vet. Intern. Med. PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 27 IS 3 BP 652 EP 652 PG 1 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 140MO UT WOS:000318658400113 ER PT J AU Iverson, LR McKenzie, D AF Iverson, Louis R. McKenzie, Donald TI Tree-species range shifts in a changing climate: detecting, modeling, assisting SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Species distribution models; Process-based; Demography; Assisted migration ID EASTERN UNITED-STATES; NEW-YORK-STATE; CHANGE IMPACTS; MANAGED RELOCATION; MORTALITY-RATES; HABITAT MODELS; RANDOM FORESTS; MIGRATION; CONSERVATION; UNCERTAINTY AB In these times of rapidly changing climate, the science of detecting and modeling shifts in the ranges of tree species is advancing of necessity. We briefly review the current state of the science on several fronts. First, we review current and historical evidence for shifting ranges and migration. Next, we review two broad categories of methods, focused on the spatial domain, for modeling potential range shifts and future suitable habitat: empirical species-distribution models and more process-based simulations. We propose long-term demography studies as a complementary approach in the time domain when sufficient data are available. Dispersal and successful migration into newly suitable habitat are key mechanisms constraining range shifts. We review three approaches to estimating these processes, followed by a discussion of the potential for assisted migration. We conclude that there have been significant recent advances on several fronts but there are still large uncertainties that need further research. C1 [Iverson, Louis R.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. [McKenzie, Donald] US Forest Serv, Pacific Wildland Fire Sci Lab, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. RP Iverson, LR (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, 359 Main Rd, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. EM liverson@fs.fed.us RI Iverson, Louis/C-7554-2009 OI Iverson, Louis/0000-0001-9501-471X NR 103 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 15 U2 171 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-2973 J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL JI Landsc. Ecol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 28 IS 5 BP 879 EP 889 DI 10.1007/s10980-013-9885-x PG 11 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 138FO UT WOS:000318494500008 ER PT J AU Collins, AM Pettis, JS AF Collins, Anita M. Pettis, Jeffery S. TI Correlation of queen size and spermathecal contents and effects of miticide exposure during development SO APIDOLOGIE LA English DT Article DE spermatheca; sperm concentration; extreme polyandry; evolution; queen weight ID APIS-MELLIFERA L.; HONEY-BEE QUEENS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; EXTREME POLYANDRY; MATING FREQUENCY; EVOLUTION; COLONIES; SEMEN; INSEMINATION; COMPETITION AB Normal mating of honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) queens and drones results in extreme polyandry. Larger queens are reported to produce more brood, but do they also store more semen? Measurements of queen weight, spermatheca weight and volume, and numbers of sperm in the spermatheca were made on normally reared queens and queens exposed to miticide from early larval stage to emergence. In the normally reared group, larger queens had more sperm in spermathecae of greater volume and weight. The presence of miticide during queen development skewed the relationship of queen weight to spermatheca size and the number of sperm stored such that they were not correlated. This sublethal effect of miticide in the colony has an unknown impact on queen performance. C1 [Collins, Anita M.; Pettis, Jeffery S.] ARS, Bee Res Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Collins, AM (reprint author), ARS, Bee Res Lab, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 476 BARC East, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM frozenbeedoc@verizon.net FU USDA, ARS, CRIS [1275-21220-212] FX We sincerely acknowledge the assistance of Virginia Williams, Andy Ulsamer, Nathan Rice, and several student employees of the BRL, and Reg Wilbanks, Wilbanks Apiaries, Claxton, GA, and his crew. Robin Underwood deserves many thanks for statistical analysis. We would also like to thank some anonymous reviewers for inspiring us to do further work. Supported by USDA, ARS, CRIS 1275-21220-212 Cryopreservation of Honey Bee Germplasm. NR 31 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 30 PU SPRINGER FRANCE PI PARIS PA 22 RUE DE PALESTRO, PARIS, 75002, FRANCE SN 0044-8435 J9 APIDOLOGIE JI Apidologie PD MAY PY 2013 VL 44 IS 3 BP 351 EP 356 DI 10.1007/s13592-012-0186-1 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 135JZ UT WOS:000318285700012 ER PT J AU Weimer, PJ Moen, GN AF Weimer, P. J. Moen, G. N. TI Quantitative analysis of growth and volatile fatty acid production by the anaerobic ruminal bacterium Megasphaera elsdenii T81 SO APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Lactate; Glucose; Megasphaera elsdenii; Volatile fatty acids ID CLOSTRIDIUM-KLUYVERI; CONTINUOUS CULTURE; GLUCOSE; RUMEN; FERMENTATION; CELLULOSE; STRAINS; LACTATE AB Megasphaera elsdenii T81 grew on either dl-lactate or d-glucose at similar rates (0.85 h(-1)) but displayed major differences in the fermentation of these substrates. Lactate was fermented at up to 210-mM concentration to yield acetic, propionic, butyric, and valeric acids. The bacterium was able to grow at much higher concentrations of d-glucose (500 mM), but never removed more than 80 mM of glucose from the medium, and nearly 60 % the glucose removed was sequestered as intracellular glycogen, with low yields of even-carbon acids (acetate, butyrate, caproate). In the presence of both substrates, glucose was not used until lactate was nearly exhausted, even by cells pregrown on glucose. Glucose-grown cultures maintained only low extracellular concentrations of acetate, and addition of exogenous acetate increased yields of butyrate, but not caproate. By contrast, exogenous acetate had little effect on lactate fermentation. At pH 6.6, growth rate was halved by exogenous addition of 60 mM propionate, 69 mM butyrate, 44 mM valerate, or 33 mM caproate; at pH 5.9, these values were reduced to 49, 49, 18, and 22 mM, respectively. The results are consistent with this species' role as an effective ruminal lactate consumer and suggest that this organism may be useful for industrial production of volatile fatty acids from lactate if product tolerance could be improved. The poor fermentation of glucose and sensitivity to caproate suggests that this strain is not practical for industrial caproate production. C1 [Weimer, P. J.] ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, USDA, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Weimer, P. J.; Moen, G. N.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Weimer, PJ (reprint author), ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, USDA, 1925 Linden Dr West, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM Paul.Weimer@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS CRIS project [3655-41000-06-00D] FX We thank C. L. Odt for the technical assistance and M. B. Hall for the useful suggestions regarding glycogen analysis. This research was supported by USDA-ARS CRIS project 3655-41000-06-00D. NR 24 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 32 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0175-7598 J9 APPL MICROBIOL BIOT JI Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 97 IS 9 BP 4075 EP 4081 DI 10.1007/s00253-012-4645-4 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 127FF UT WOS:000317681800029 PM 23271673 ER PT J AU Prischmann-Voldseth, DA Dashiell, KE AF Prischmann-Voldseth, D. A. Dashiell, K. E. TI Effects of releasing a generalist predator (Acari: Gaeolaelaps aculeifer) on a subterranean insect herbivore (Coleoptera: Diabrotica virgifera virgifera) SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Biological control; Generalist predator; Soil mite; Gaeolaelaps aculeifer; Rootworm; Diabrotica ID WESTERN CORN-ROOTWORM; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; CHRYSOMELIDAE EGGS; HEMOLYMPH DEFENSE; SOIL-MOISTURE; BT CORN; MAIZE; MITES; LECONTE; PEST AB Enhancing biological control of soil-dwelling insect pests is desirable, but due to the nature of the subterranean environment, it is challenging to elucidate interactions between pests and their natural enemies. Western corn rootworms (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera) are a major pest of maize, and the larvae can cause substantial damage to maize roots. Research has shown that numerous arthropods feed on rootworm immatures, and in some cases enhancing predator densities has led to rootworm suppression. We conducted a 2-yr field experiment and examined effects of releasing a predatory mite (Gaeolaelaps aculeifer) on densities of pest rootworms, root damage ratings, and plant growth parameters in conjunction with an insecticide control. In contrast to our expectations, larval rootworm incidence and root damage was generally higher in plots where mites were released. Differences in pest density and root damage did not translate into negative effects on plant biomass or grain yield at the end of the season, likely indicating that environmental conditions were favorable for plant compensation after rootworm damage. We also explored how rootworm and mite presence impacted densities of other soil invertebrates. Rootworm infestation had positive impacts on densities of carabid beetles and acarid mites during the time when rootworm eggs were hatching. Addition of predatory mites had both negative and positive effects on densities of soil invertebrates, with the latter potentially due to disruption of naturally-occurring biocontrol. This research indicates that the soil invertebrate community can impact densities of rootworm larvae and subsequent root damage. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Prischmann-Voldseth, D. A.] N Dakota State Univ, Entomol Dept 7650, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Dashiell, K. E.] USDA ARS, North Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. RP Prischmann-Voldseth, DA (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Entomol Dept 7650, POB 6050, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. EM Deirdre.Prischmann@ndsu.edu; K.Dashiell@cgiar.org NR 67 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 37 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD MAY PY 2013 VL 65 IS 2 BP 190 EP 199 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2013.03.002 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 137WE UT WOS:000318468100004 ER PT J AU Jandricic, SE Wraight, SP Gillespie, DR Sanderson, JP AF Jandricic, S. E. Wraight, S. P. Gillespie, D. R. Sanderson, J. P. TI Oviposition behavior of the biological control agent Aphidoletes aphidimyza (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in environments with multiple pest aphid species (Hemiptera: Aphididae) SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Aphidoletes aphidimyza; Myzus persicae; Aulacorthum solani; Oviposition behavior; Biological control; Patch quality ID GREEN PEACH APHID; MACROSIPHUM-EUPHORBIA THOMAS; MYZUS-PERSICAE SULZ; RONDANI DIPTERA; HOMOPTERA-APHIDIDAE; SITE SELECTION; CEREAL APHIDS; HOST-PLANT; GALL-MIDGE; POPULATIONS AB We investigated the oviposition behavior of the aphidophagous midge Aphidoletes aphidimyza (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) when faced with multiple prey choices, i.e. plants infested with Myzus persicae or Aulacorthum solani (Hemiptera: Aphididae). When within-plant location of aphid patches was controlled for, aphid density was a significant factor in A. aphidimyza oviposition, but species was not. When location was uncontrolled, aphid species and location of aphid patches on plants (and 2 and 3-way interactions with location) became significant, along with density. Aggregations of M. persicae on plant meristems received the largest number of A. aphidimyza eggs, while A. solani-infested plants received significantly fewer eggs (this aphid species being generally distributed among lower leaves). Upon giving A. aphidimyza a choice between two patch locations, aphid species was again unimportant in oviposition decisions, while a greater correlation with aphid density was seen in aphid colonies located on young plant tissue vs. old. These results suggest that, for A. aphidimyza, perceived quality of an aphid patch as an oviposition site is influenced more by density and location of the aphid patch on the plant than by the species of aphid within the patch. Given that within-plant distribution of pest aphid species can differ, this oviposition behavior could have important implications for the efficacy of A. aphidimyza as a biocontrol agent for aphids in multi-species environments. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Jandricic, S. E.; Sanderson, J. P.] Cornell Univ, Dept Entomol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Wraight, S. P.] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Robert W Holly Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Gillespie, D. R.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Res Ctr, Agassiz, BC V0M 1A0, Canada. RP Jandricic, SE (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Entomol, Comstock Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM sej48@cornell.edu FU North East SARE Program (Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education) FX Sincere thanks to Mark Ramos (USDA) and Dylan Beal for their technical help, and to Drs. H. Mattila, D. Duneau and S. Short for their comments on the manuscript. Thank you to Francoise Vermeylen and Jason Barry (Cornell Statistical Consulting Unit) for statistical advice. Funding was provided in part by the North East SARE Program (Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education). NR 44 TC 5 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 37 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD MAY PY 2013 VL 65 IS 2 BP 235 EP 245 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2013.01.013 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 137WE UT WOS:000318468100010 ER PT J AU Bertoldi, G Kustas, WP Albertson, JD AF Bertoldi, Giacomo Kustas, William P. Albertson, John D. TI Evaluating Source Area Contributions from Aircraft Flux Measurements Over Heterogeneous Land Using Large-Eddy Simulation SO BOUNDARY-LAYER METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aircraft flux measurements; Flux footprint; Land-surface fluxes; Large-eddy simulation; Surface heterogeneity ID CONVECTIVE BOUNDARY-LAYER; LATENT-HEAT FLUXES; FOOTPRINT CONSIDERATIONS; SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; ATMOSPHERE EXCHANGE; COMPLEX TERRAIN; SCALAR FLUXES; SOIL-MOISTURE; VARIABILITY; MODEL AB The estimation of spatial patterns in surface fluxes from aircraft observations poses several challenges in the presence of heterogeneous land cover. In particular, the effects of turbulence on scalar transport and the different behaviour of passive (e.g. water vapour) versus active (e.g. temperature) scalars may lead to large uncertainties in the source area/flux-footprint estimation for sensible (H) and latent (LE) heat-flux fields. This study uses large-eddy simulation (LES) of the land-atmosphere interactions to investigate the atmospheric boundary-layer (ABL) processes that are likely to create differences in airborne-estimated H and LE footprints. We focus on 32 m altitude aircraft flux observations collected over a study site in central Oklahoma during the Southern Great Plains experiment in 1997 (SGP97). Comparison between the aircraft data and traditional model estimates provide evidence of a difference in source area for turbulent sensible and latent heat fluxes. The LES produces reasonable representations of the observed fluxes, and hence provides credible evidence and explanation of the observed differences in the H and LE footprints. Those differences can be quantified by analyzing the change in the sign of the spatial correlation of the H and LE fields provided by the LES model as a function of height. Dry patterns in relatively moist surroundings are able to generate strong, but localized, sensible heating. However, whereas H at the aircraft altitude is still in phase with the surface, LE presents a more complicated connection to the surface as the dry updrafts force a convergence of the surrounding moist air. Both the observational and LES model evidence support the concept that under strongly advective conditions, H and LE measured at the top of the surface layer (a parts per thousand 50 m) can be associated with very different upwind source areas, effectively contradicting surface-layer self-similarity theory for scalars. The results indicate that, under certain environmental conditions, footprint models will need to predict differing source area/footprint contributions between active (H) and passive (LE) scalar fluxes by considering land-surface heterogeneity and ABL dynamics. C1 [Bertoldi, Giacomo; Albertson, John D.] Duke Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Kustas, William P.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Bertoldi, G (reprint author), EURAC Res, Inst Alpine Environm, Viale Druso1, I-39100 Bolzano, Italy. EM giacomo.bertoldi@eurac.edu RI Kustas, William/C-2063-2015 FU NASA [NAG13-99008]; "Ripartizione Diritto allo Studio, Universita e Ricerca Scientifica" of the "Provincia Autonoma di Bolzano-Alto Adige" (Italy) FX This work was supported by NASA grant NAG13-99008: "Accounting for Effects of Sub-pixel Surface Variability on Regional Flux Estimation Using Large Eddy Simulation with Terra and Aqua Sensors" and by the grant "HydroAlp" and the incoming researchers project "Climaveg" of the "Ripartizione Diritto allo Studio, Universita e Ricerca Scientifica" of the "Provincia Autonoma di Bolzano-Alto Adige" (Italy). We thank M. Cassiani and G. Bohrer of Duke University for their useful suggestions on data analysis techniques. NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8314 J9 BOUND-LAY METEOROL JI Bound.-Layer Meteor. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 147 IS 2 BP 261 EP 279 DI 10.1007/s10546-012-9781-y PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 138MF UT WOS:000318512000005 ER PT J AU Kochendorfer, J Meyers, TP Frank, JM Massman, WJ Heuer, MW AF Kochendorfer, John Meyers, Tilden P. Frank, John M. Massman, William J. Heuer, Mark W. TI Reply to the Comment by Mauder on "How Well Can We Measure the Vertical Wind Speed? Implications for Fluxes of Energy and Mass" SO BOUNDARY-LAYER METEOROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material DE Angle-of-attack error; Cosine error; Eddy covariance; Energy balance closure; Sonic anemometer; Transducer shadowing ID ANEMOMETER (CO)SINE RESPONSE; SONIC ANEMOMETER; ERRORS AB In Kochendorfer et al. (Boundary-Layer Meteorol 145:383-398, 2012, hereafter K2012) the vertical wind speed measured by a non-orthogonal three-dimensional sonic anemometer was shown to be underestimated by 12 %. Turbulent statistics and eddy-covariance fluxes estimated using were also affected by this underestimate in . Methodologies used in K2012 are clarified here in response to Mauder's comment. In addition, further analysis of the K2012 study is presented to help address questions raised in the comment. Specific responses are accompanied with examples of time series, calculated correlation coefficients, and additional explanation of the K2012 methods and assumptions. The discussion and analysis included in the comment and in this response do not affect the validity of the methods or conclusions presented in K2012. C1 [Kochendorfer, John; Meyers, Tilden P.; Heuer, Mark W.] NOAA Atmospher Turbulence & Diffus Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Frank, John M.; Massman, William J.] US Forest Serv, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Heuer, Mark W.] Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Kochendorfer, J (reprint author), NOAA Atmospher Turbulence & Diffus Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. EM john.kochendorfer@noaa.gov RI Kochendorfer, John/K-2680-2012; Meyers, Tilden/C-6633-2016 OI Kochendorfer, John/0000-0001-8436-2460; NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8314 J9 BOUND-LAY METEOROL JI Bound.-Layer Meteor. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 147 IS 2 BP 337 EP 345 DI 10.1007/s10546-012-9792-8 PG 9 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 138MF UT WOS:000318512000009 ER PT J AU Lou, HM Zhu, JY Lan, TQ Lai, HR Qiu, XQ AF Lou, Hongming Zhu, J. Y. Lan, Tian Qing Lai, Huanran Qiu, Xueqing TI pH-Induced Lignin Surface Modification to Reduce Nonspecific Cellulase Binding and Enhance Enzymatic Saccharification of Lignocelluloses SO CHEMSUSCHEM LA English DT Article DE adsorption; biomass; biotransformation; enzymes; proteins ID TRICHODERMA-REESEI; ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; LODGEPOLE-PINE; CELLOBIOHYDROLASE-I; GLOBULAR-PROTEINS; HYDROLYSIS; ADSORPTION; SOFTWOODS; LIGNOSULFONATE; PURIFICATION AB We studied the mechanism of the significant enhancement in the enzymatic saccharification of lignocelluloses at an elevated pH of 5.56.0. Four lignin residues with different sulfonic acid contents were isolated from enzymatic hydrolysis of lodgepole pine pretreated by either dilute acid (DA) or sulfite pretreatment to overcome recalcitrance of lignocelluloses (SPORL). The adsorption isotherms of a commercial Trichoderma reesi cellulase cocktail (CTec2) produced by these lignin residues at 50 degrees C were measured in the pH range of 4.56.0. The zeta potentials of these lignin samples were also measured. We discovered that an elevated pH significantly increased the lignin surface charge (negative), which causes lignin to become more hydrophilic and reduces its coordination affinity to cellulase and, consequently, the nonspecific binding of cellulase. The decreased nonspecific cellulase binding to lignin is also attributed to enhanced electrostatic interactions at elevated pH through the increased negative charges of cellulase enzymes with low pI. The results validate the hypothesis that the increases in enzymatic saccharification efficiencies at elevated pH for different pretreated lignocelluloses are solely the result of decreased nonspecific cellulase binding to lignin. This study contradicts the well-established concept that the optimal pH is 4.85.0 for enzymatic hydrolysis using Trichoderma reesi cellulose, which is widely accepted and exclusively practiced in numerous laboratories throughout the world. Because an elevated pH can be easily implemented commercially without capital cost and with minimal operating cost, this study has both scientific importance and practical significance. C1 [Lou, Hongming; Lai, Huanran; Qiu, Xueqing] S China Univ Technol, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Lou, Hongming; Zhu, J. Y.; Lan, Tian Qing] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI USA. [Zhu, J. Y.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Madison, WI USA. [Lan, Tian Qing] S China Univ Technol, Sch Light Ind & Food Sci, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Lou, Hongming; Lan, Tian Qing] USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Washington, DC USA. RP Zhu, JY (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI USA. EM jzhu@fs.fed.us OI Lou, Hongming/0000-0003-3941-7287 FU USDA Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) Phase II project [2010-33610-21589]; USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) through the Northwest Advanced Renewables Alliance (NARA) [2011-68005-30416]; China Excellent Young Scientist Fund [20925622] FX This work was partially supported by a USDA Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) Phase II project (Contract Number: 2010-33610-21589) to Biopulping International and the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2011-68005-30416 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) through the Northwest Advanced Renewables Alliance (NARA). The financial support of these projects along with that of the China Excellent Young Scientist Fund (20925622) made the scientific visit of Hongming Lou to the US Forest Service (USFS), Forest Products Laboratory (FPL) possible. We acknowledge Fred Matt and Kolby Hirth (both USFS-FPL) for performing carbohydrate and sulfur-content analyses. NR 38 TC 71 Z9 74 U1 4 U2 109 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1864-5631 EI 1864-564X J9 CHEMSUSCHEM JI ChemSusChem PD MAY PY 2013 VL 6 IS 5 BP 919 EP 927 DI 10.1002/cssc.201200859 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 136IQ UT WOS:000318356000022 PM 23554287 ER PT J AU Munkvold, JD Laudencia-Chingcuanco, D Sorrells, ME AF Munkvold, Jesse D. Laudencia-Chingcuanco, Debbie Sorrells, Mark E. TI Systems Genetics of Environmental Response in the Mature Wheat Embryo SO GENETICS LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; NETWORK ANALYSIS; MICROARRAY DATA; EXPRESSION; GENES; REVEALS; YEAST; ARCHITECTURE AB Quantitative phenotypic traits are influenced by genetic and environmental variables as well as the interaction between the two. Underlying genetic . environment interaction is the influence that the surrounding environment exerts on gene expression. Perturbation of gene expression by environmental factors manifests itself in alterations to gene co-expression networks and ultimately in phenotypic plasticity. Comparative gene co-expression networks have been used to uncover biological mechanisms that differentiate tissues or other biological factors. In this study, we have extended consensus and differential Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis to compare the influence of different growing environments on gene co-expression in the mature wheat (Triticum aestivum) embryo. This network approach was combined with mapping of individual gene expression QTL to examine the genetic control of environmentally static and variable gene expression. The approach is useful for gene expression experiments containing multiple environments and allowed for the identification of specific gene co-expression modules responsive to environmental factors. This procedure identified conserved coregulation of gene expression between environments related to basic developmental and cellular functions, including protein localization and catabolism, vesicle composition/ trafficking, Golgi transport, and polysaccharide metabolism among others. Environmentally unique modules were found to contain genes with predicted functions in responding to abiotic and biotic environmental variables. These findings represent the first report using consensus and differential Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis to characterize the influence of environment on coordinated transcriptional regulation. C1 [Munkvold, Jesse D.; Sorrells, Mark E.] Cornell Univ, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Laudencia-Chingcuanco, Debbie] USDA ARS, Genom & Gene Discovery Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Sorrells, ME (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, 240 Emerson Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM mes12@cornell.edu FU National Research Initiative from the U.S. Department of Agriculture Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service [2005-35301-15728, 2006-55606-16629]; Hatch project [149-419] FX The authors thank James Tanaka, David Benscher, Emily Combs, and Roxanne VanWormer for technical assistance in the field and lab. This research was supported by National Research Initiative Competitive grants 2005-35301-15728 and 2006-55606-16629 from the U.S. Department of Agriculture Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service and Hatch project 149-419. NR 54 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 12 PU GENETICS SOC AM PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0016-6731 J9 GENETICS JI Genetics PD MAY PY 2013 VL 194 IS 1 BP 265 EP + DI 10.1534/genetics.113.150052 PG 23 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 135FX UT WOS:000318274900026 PM 23475987 ER PT J AU Tabanca, N Wang, M Avonto, C Chittiboyina, AG Parcher, JF Carroll, JF Kramer, M Khan, IA AF Tabanca, Nurhayat Wang, Mei Avonto, Cristina Chittiboyina, Amar G. Parcher, Jon F. Carroll, John F. Kramer, Matthew Khan, Ikhlas A. TI Bioactivity-Guided Investigation of Geranium Essential Oils as Natural Tick Repellents SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Lone star tick; Amblyomma americanum; geranium oil; Pelargonium graveolens; (-)-10-epi-gamma-eudesmol; natural tick repellent ID IXODES-RICINUS; UNITED-STATES; RHIPICEPHALUS-APPENDICULATUS; AMBLYOMMA-AMERICANUM; INSECT REPELLENTS; CONSTITUENTS; IXODIDAE; VECTOR; SESQUITERPENES; MILITARY AB The evaluation of 10 essential oils of geranium, Pelargonium graveolens (Geraniaceae), were all shown to have repellent activity against nymphs of the medically important lone star tick, Amblyomma americanum (L.). The biological tests were,carried out using a vertical filter paper bioassay, where ticks must cross' an area of the paper treated with repellent to approach host stimuli. One of the essential oil samples that repelled >90% of the ticks at 0.103 mg/cm(2) was selected for further fractionation studies. The sesquiterpene alcohol, (-)-10-epi-gamma-eudesmol, was isolated and identified by spectral methods. (-)-10-epi-gamma-Eudesmol at 0.103 and 0.052 mg of compound/cm(2) of filter paper repelled 90 and 73.396 of the ticks, respectively. (-)-10-epi-gamma-Eudesmol exhibited similar repellency to the reference standard N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET) at concentrations of >= 0.052 mg of compound/cm(2) of filter paper, with (-)-10-epi-gamma-eudesmol losing Much of its repellency at 0.026 mg of compound/cm(2) and DEET at 0.013 mg of compound/cm(2). Isomenthone and linalool did not repel ticks at the concentrations tested. Most repellents are marketed with much higher concentrations of active ingredient than the concentrations of the natural repellents tested herein; therefore, effective compounds, such as (-)-10-epi-gamma-eudesmol, found in geranium oil, have the potential for commercial development. C1 [Tabanca, Nurhayat; Wang, Mei; Avonto, Cristina; Chittiboyina, Amar G.; Parcher, Jon F.; Khan, Ikhlas A.] Univ Mississippi, NCNPR, Sch Pharm, University, MS 38677 USA. [Khan, Ikhlas A.] Univ Mississippi, Dept Pharmacognosy, Sch Pharm, University, MS 38677 USA. [Carroll, John F.] ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Kramer, Matthew] ARS, Biometr Consulting Serv, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Khan, IA (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, NCNPR, Sch Pharm, University, MS 38677 USA. EM ikhan@olemiss.edu OI Avonto, Cristina/0000-0002-8209-6813 FU USDA/ARS [56-6402-1-612]; Deployed War-Fighter Protection Research Program; U.S. Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board FX This study was supported in part by USDA/ARS Grant 56-6402-1-612 and Deployed War-Fighter Protection Research Program Grant funded by the U.S. Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board. NR 32 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 38 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAY 1 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 17 BP 4101 EP 4107 DI 10.1021/jf400246a PG 7 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 137WM UT WOS:000318468900014 PM 23528036 ER PT J AU Rowe, MF Bakken, GS Ratliff, JJ Langman, VA AF Rowe, M. F. Bakken, G. S. Ratliff, J. J. Langman, V. A. TI Heat storage in Asian elephants during submaximal exercise: behavioral regulation of thermoregulatory constraints on activity in endothermic gigantotherms SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE elephants; gigantothermy; heat storage ID AFRICAN ELEPHANTS; TEMPERATURE REGULATION; HABITAT UTILIZATION; LOXODONTA-AFRICANA; DINOSAUR; ANIMALS; ECOLOGY; MOVEMENTS; MAXIMUS; MODEL AB Gigantic size presents both opportunities and challenges in thermoregulation. Allometric scaling relationships suggest that gigantic animals have difficulty dissipating metabolic heat. Large body size permits the maintenance of fairly constant core body temperatures in ectothermic animals by means of gigantothermy. Conversely, gigantothermy combined with endothermic metabolic rate and activity likely results in heat production rates that exceed heat loss rates. In tropical environments, it has been suggested that a substantial rate of heat storage might result in a potentially lethal rise in core body temperature in both elephants and endothermic dinosaurs. However, the behavioral choice of nocturnal activity might reduce heat storage. We sought to test the hypothesis that there is a functionally significant relationship between heat storage and locomotion in Asian elephants (Elephas maximus), and model the thermoregulatory constraints on activity in elephants and a similarly sized migratory dinosaur, Edmontosaurus. Pre- and post-exercise (N=37 trials) measurements of core body temperature and skin temperature, using thermography were made in two adult female Asian elephants at the Audubon Zoo in New Orleans, LA, USA. Over ambient air temperatures ranging from 8 to 34.5 degrees C, when elephants exercised in full sun, similar to 56 to 100% of active metabolic heat production was stored in core body tissues. We estimate that during nocturnal activity, in the absence of solar radiation, between 5 and 64% of metabolic heat production would be stored in core tissues. Potentially lethal rates of heat storage in active elephants and Edmontosaurus could be behaviorally regulated by nocturnal activity. C1 [Rowe, M. F.; Bakken, G. S.] Indiana State Univ, Dept Biol, Terre Haute, IN 47809 USA. [Ratliff, J. J.] Audubon Nat Inst, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Langman, V. A.] USDA APHIS, Bellvue, CO 80512 USA. RP Rowe, MF (reprint author), Indiana State Univ, Dept Biol, Terre Haute, IN 47809 USA. EM mrowe6@sycamores.indstate.edu FU Indiana State University College of Graduate and Professional Studies; Lilly Endowment Graduate Fellowship; Pittsburgh Zoo and Aquarium Conservation Fund [POT 523/R85523] FX This research received funding from the Indiana State University College of Graduate and Professional Studies, the Lilly Endowment Graduate Fellowship and the Pittsburgh Zoo and Aquarium Conservation Fund (POT 523/R85523). NR 53 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 8 U2 58 PU COMPANY OF BIOLOGISTS LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA BIDDER BUILDING CAMBRIDGE COMMERCIAL PARK COWLEY RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4DL, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0022-0949 J9 J EXP BIOL JI J. Exp. Biol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 216 IS 10 BP 1774 EP 1785 DI 10.1242/jeb.076521 PG 12 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 138BP UT WOS:000318483600010 PM 23785105 ER PT J AU Solano-Aguilar, G Fernandez, KP Ets, H Molokin, A Vinyard, B Urban, JF Gutierrez, MF AF Solano-Aguilar, Gloria Fernandez, Karem P. Ets, Hillevi Molokin, Aleksey Vinyard, Bryan Urban, Joseph F. Fernanda Gutierrez, Maria TI Characterization of Fecal Microbiota of Children With Diarrhea in 2 Locations in Colombia SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC GASTROENTEROLOGY AND NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE Bacteroides fragilis; Bifidobacterium; diarrhea; Lactobacillus; norovirus; probiotic; rotavirus ID REAL-TIME PCR; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; PREBIOTIC INFANT FORMULA; ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS; STOOL SPECIMENS; NUCLEIC-ACID; DOUBLE-BLIND; ROTAVIRUS; BACTEROIDES AB Objectives: Diarrhea is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in children younger than 5 years in impoverished regions of the world. Our aim was to compare the fecal microbiota of healthy children with that of children with clinical diarrhea in a population from a tropical highland in Colombia, South America. Our hypothesis was that a reduced prevalence of inherent Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species would be associated with enteric viral and bacterial pathogens. Methods: Children between 1 and 5 years of age from 2 different locations were evaluated for presence of clinical diarrhea. Nucleic acid, isolated from fecal samples, was used to determine by molecular protocols the abundance of inherent bacterial species and presence of enteric pathogens compared with clinically healthy children. The effect of host demographic factors on incidence of diarrhea was also analyzed. Results: The composition of the fecal microbiota was affected by host demographic factors: age, health status, location, and sex. In partial support of our hypothesis, the relative abundance of commensal Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus species was inversely correlated with incidence of diarrhea regardless of location. Conclusions: Our results suggested that changes in fecal microbiota composition of children with clinical diarrhea are associated with certain demographic factors that should be considered before designing a prophylactic intervention. Delivery of certain Lactobacillus species and Bifidobacterium species or a diet rich in bifidogenic components that promote growth of Bifidobacterium species could provide a prophylactic effect to ameliorate the effect of diarrhea in children at risk. C1 [Solano-Aguilar, Gloria; Ets, Hillevi; Molokin, Aleksey; Urban, Joseph F.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Fernandez, Karem P.; Fernanda Gutierrez, Maria] Pontificia Univ Javeriana, Fac Ciencias, Dept Microbiol, Bogota, Colombia. [Vinyard, Bryan] Biometr Consulting Serv, USDA, Henry Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Solano-Aguilar, G (reprint author), Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave BARC East Bldg 307C Rm 225, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Gloria.SolanoAguilar@ars.usda.gov OI Urban, Joseph/0000-0002-1590-8869 FU USDA CRIS [1235-51000-055]; Banco de la Republica (Colombia) [2391] FX This study was co-funded by USDA CRIS 1235-51000-055 and Banco de la Republica (Colombia) Project No. 2391. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. NR 52 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0277-2116 J9 J PEDIATR GASTR NUTR JI J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 56 IS 5 BP 503 EP 511 DI 10.1097/MPG.0b013e318282aa12 PG 9 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pediatrics SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pediatrics GA 131UK UT WOS:000318021900016 PM 23254448 ER PT J AU Nagy-Szakal, D Mir, SAV Ross, MC Tatevian, N Petrosino, JF Kellermayer, R AF Nagy-Szakal, Dorottya Mir, Sabina A. V. Ross, Matthew C. Tatevian, Nina Petrosino, Joseph F. Kellermayer, Richard TI Monotonous Diets Protect Against Acute Colitis in Mice: Epidemiologic and Therapeutic Implications SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC GASTROENTEROLOGY AND NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE colitis; colonic inflammation; diet; enteral nutrition; inflammatory bowel disease; microbiota ID PEDIATRIC CROHNS-DISEASE; INFLAMMATORY-BOWEL-DISEASE; ENTERAL NUTRITION; ULCERATIVE-COLITIS; INTESTINAL BACTERIA; MURINE COLITIS; COLONIC-MUCOSA; POLYMERIC DIET; CHILDREN; MICROBIOTA AB Objectives: Multiple characteristics of industrialization have been proposed to contribute to the global emergence of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs: Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis). Major changes in eating habits during the last decades and the effectiveness of exclusive enteral nutrition in the treatment of Crohn disease indicate the etiologic importance of dietary intake in IBDs. A uniform characteristic of nutrition in developing countries (where the incidence of IBD is low) and exclusive enteral nutrition is their consistent nature for prolonged periods; however, the potentially beneficial effect of dietary monotony in respect to mammalian intestinal inflammation has not been examined. Methods: The association between alternating (2 different complete chows) and persistent regular diets, and dextran sulfate sodium colitis susceptibility in C57BL/6J mice was studied. Colonic mucosal microbiota changes were investigated by high-throughput pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Results: The severity of colitis increased upon dietary alternation compared with consistent control feeding. The microbiota of the alternating nutritional group clustered discretely from both control groups. Conclusions: Our findings highlight that monotonous dietary intake may decrease mammalian vulnerability against colitis in association with microbiota separation. The epidemiologic and therapeutic implications of our results are also discussed. C1 [Nagy-Szakal, Dorottya; Mir, Sabina A. V.; Kellermayer, Richard] Texas Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat, Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS,Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Ross, Matthew C.; Petrosino, Joseph F.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr, Alkek Ctr Metagen & Microbiome Res, Human Genome Sequencing Ctr, Dept Mol Virol & Microbiol, Houston, TX USA. [Tatevian, Nina] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Houston, TX USA. RP Kellermayer, R (reprint author), Texas Childrens Hosp, Baylor Coll Med, Sect Pediat Gastroenterol Hepatol & Nutr, 6621 Fannin St,CC1010-00, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM kellerma@bcm.edu FU Broad Medical Research Program, Broad Foundation [IBD-0252]; Child Health Research Career Development Agency of the Baylor College of Medicine (NIH) [5K12 HD041648]; Public Health Service [DK56338] FX R.K. was supported in part by the Broad Medical Research Program, the Broad Foundation (IBD-0252); the Child Health Research Career Development Agency of the Baylor College of Medicine (NIH # 5K12 HD041648); and a Public Health Service grant DK56338, funding the Texas Medical Center Digestive Diseases Center. NR 57 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 8 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0277-2116 J9 J PEDIATR GASTR NUTR JI J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 56 IS 5 BP 544 EP 550 DI 10.1097/MPG.0b013e3182769748 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pediatrics SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pediatrics GA 131UK UT WOS:000318021900023 PM 23085891 ER PT J AU McCabe, KM Booth, SL Fu, XY Shobeiri, N Pang, JJ Adams, MA Holden, RM AF McCabe, Kristin M. Booth, Sarah L. Fu, Xueyan Shobeiri, Navid Pang, Judith J. Adams, Michael A. Holden, Rachel M. TI Dietary vitamin K and therapeutic warfarin alter the susceptibility to vascular calcification in experimental chronic kidney disease SO KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE chronic kidney disease; hyperphosphatemia; pulse wave velocity; renal pathology; vascular calcification; vascular disease ID BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; HEMODIALYSIS-PATIENTS; ARTERY CALCIFICATION; RENAL-FAILURE; UREMIC RATS; IN-VITRO; MENAQUINONE-4; PHYLLOQUINONE; PROTEIN; SUPPLEMENTATION AB The leading cause of death in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is cardiovascular disease, with vascular calcification being a key modifier of disease progression. A local regulator of vascular calcification is vitamin K. This c-glutamyl carboxylase substrate is an essential cofactor in the activation of several extracellular matrix proteins that inhibit calcification. Warfarin, a common therapy in dialysis patients, inhibits the recycling of vitamin K and thereby decreases the inhibitory activity of these proteins. In this study, we sought to determine whether modifying vitamin K status, either by increasing dietary vitamin K intake or by antagonism with therapeutic doses of warfarin, could alter the development of vascular calcification in male Sprague-Dawley rats with adenine-induced CKD. Treatment of CKD rats with warfarin markedly increased pulse pressure and pulse wave velocity, as well as significantly increased calcium concentrations in the thoracic aorta (3-fold), abdominal aorta (8-fold), renal artery (4-fold), and carotid artery (20-fold). In contrast, treatment with high dietary vitamin K1 increased vitamin K tissue concentrations (10-300-fold) and blunted the development of vascular calcification. Thus, vitamin K has an important role in modifying mechanisms linked to the susceptibility of arteries to calcify in an experimental model of CKD. C1 [McCabe, Kristin M.; Shobeiri, Navid; Pang, Judith J.; Adams, Michael A.] Queens Univ, Dept Biomed & Mol Sci, Kingston, ON K7L 3V6, Canada. [Booth, Sarah L.; Fu, Xueyan] Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Holden, Rachel M.] Queens Univ, Dept Med, Kingston, ON K7L 3V6, Canada. RP Holden, RM (reprint author), Queens Univ, Dept Med, 3048C Etherington Hall, Kingston, ON K7L 3V6, Canada. EM holdenr@kgh.kari.net FU Amgen; Heart & Stroke Foundation of Ontario; Kidney Foundation of Canada; Department of Medicine at Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada FX RMH and MAA have received funding support from Amgen for unrelated studies.; We thank the Heart & Stroke Foundation of Ontario, the Kidney Foundation of Canada, and the Department of Medicine at Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada, for the financial support they provided. NR 35 TC 45 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 12 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0085-2538 J9 KIDNEY INT JI Kidney Int. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 83 IS 5 BP 835 EP 844 DI 10.1038/ki.2012.477 PG 10 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 136EI UT WOS:000318344000012 PM 23344475 ER PT J AU Gipson, C AF Gipson, Chester TI A word from USDA SO LAB ANIMAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 APHIS AC, USDA, Washington, DC USA. RP Gipson, C (reprint author), APHIS AC, USDA, Washington, DC USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0093-7355 J9 LAB ANIMAL JI Lab Anim. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 42 IS 5 BP 162 EP 162 PG 1 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 136WT UT WOS:000318394800015 PM 23604155 ER PT J AU Allstadt, AJ Haynes, KJ Liebhold, AM Johnson, DM AF Allstadt, Andrew J. Haynes, Kyle J. Liebhold, Andrew M. Johnson, Derek M. TI Long-term shifts in the cyclicity of outbreaks of a forest-defoliating insect SO OECOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Gypsy moth; Lymantria dispar; Generalist predator; Insecticide; Nonlinear dynamics ID GYPSY-MOTH LEPIDOPTERA; SPRUCE BUDWORM OUTBREAKS; NORTH-AMERICA; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; PEROMYSCUS-LEUCOPUS; LYMANTRIIDAE; CYCLES; PATTERNS; PUPAE; PERIODICITY AB Recent collapses of population cycles in several species highlight the mutable nature of population behavior as well as the potential role of human-induced environmental change in causing population dynamics to shift. We investigate changes in the cyclicity of gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) outbreaks by applying wavelet analysis to an 86-year time series of forest defoliation in the northeastern United States. Gypsy moth population dynamics shifted on at least four occasions during the study period (1924-2009); strongly cyclical outbreaks were observed between ca. 1943-1965 and ca. 1978-1996, with noncyclical dynamics in the intervening years. During intervals of cyclical dynamics, harmonic oscillations at cycle lengths of 4-5 and 8-10 years co-occurred. Cross-correlation analyses indicated that the intensity of suppression efforts (area treated by insecticide application) did not significantly reduce the total area of defoliation across the region in subsequent years, and no relationship was found between insecticide use and the cyclicity of outbreaks. A gypsy moth population model incorporating empirically based trophic interactions produced shifting population dynamics similar to that observed in the defoliation data. Gypsy moth cycles were the result of a high-density limit cycle driven by a specialist pathogen. Though a generalist predator did not produce an alternative stable equilibrium, cyclical fluctuations in predator density did generate extended intervals of noncyclical behavior in the gypsy moth population. These results suggest that changes in gypsy moth population behavior are driven by trophic interactions, rather than by changes in climatic conditions frequently implicated in other systems. C1 [Allstadt, Andrew J.; Haynes, Kyle J.] Univ Virginia, Blandy Expt Farm, Boyce, VA 22620 USA. [Liebhold, Andrew M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Johnson, Derek M.] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Biol, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. RP Allstadt, AJ (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Blandy Expt Farm, 400 Blandy Farm Lane, Boyce, VA 22620 USA. EM andrew.allstadt@virginia.edu RI Haynes, Kyle/C-1374-2012; Liebhold, Andrew/C-1423-2008; Johnson, Derek/B-6409-2012; OI Haynes, Kyle/0000-0002-3283-6633; Liebhold, Andrew/0000-0001-7427-6534; Allstadt, Andrew/0000-0003-3915-0834 FU University of Virginia's Blandy Experimental Farm; USDA-NRI grant [2006-35306-17264]; NSF [1020614] FX Valuable advice on the use of wavelet analysis was provided by Y. Liu, B. Cazelles, and G. P. Compo. We thank the Morgantown Field Office of the USDA Forest Service Forest Health Protection for providing historical aerial spraying data, and Jonathan Walter, the editor, and an anonymous reviewer for their helpful comments. This research was funded by the University of Virginia's Blandy Experimental Farm, a USDA-NRI grant (2006-35306-17264) to D.M.J., and an NSF grant (1020614) to K.J.H. NR 50 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 6 U2 76 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0029-8549 J9 OECOLOGIA JI Oecologia PD MAY PY 2013 VL 172 IS 1 BP 141 EP 151 DI 10.1007/s00442-012-2474-x PG 11 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 127GU UT WOS:000317686800013 PM 23073635 ER PT J AU Leduc, SD Lilleskov, EA Horton, TR Rothstein, DE AF LeDuc, Stephen D. Lilleskov, Erik A. Horton, Thomas R. Rothstein, David E. TI Ectomycorrhizal fungal succession coincides with shifts in organic nitrogen availability and canopy closure in post-wildfire jack pine forests SO OECOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Ectomycorrhiza; Fungal diversity; Pinus banksiana; Organic nitrogen; Disturbance ID MIXED TEMPERATE FORESTS; NORTHERN LOWER MICHIGAN; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; LANDSCAPE ECOSYSTEMS; MURICATA SEEDLINGS; KIRTLANDS WARBLER; PURE CULTURE; SOIL CARBON; COMMUNITIES; COLONIZATION AB Successional changes in belowground ectomycorrhizal fungal (EMF) communities have been observed with increasing forest stand age; however, mechanisms behind this change remain unclear. It has been hypothesized that declines of inorganic nitrogen (N) and increases of organic N influence changes in EMF taxa over forest development. In a post-wildfire chronosequence of six jack pine (Pinus banksiana) stands ranging in age from 5 to 56 years, we investigated EMF community composition and compared shifts in taxa with detailed soluble inorganic and organic N data. Taxa were identified by internal transcribed spacer rDNA sequencing, and changes in community composition evaluated with non-metric multi-dimensional scaling (NMDS). Dissimilarities in the community data were tested for correlations with N variables. We observed a successional shift along NMDS axis 1 from such taxa as Suillus brevipes and Thelephora terrestris in sites age 5 and 11 to species of Cortinarius and Russula, among others, in the four older sites. This change was positively correlated with soluble organic N (SON) (r (2) = 0.902, P = 0.033) and free amino-acid N (r (2) = 0.945, P = 0.021), but not inorganic N. Overall, our results show a successional shift of EMF communities occurring between stand initiation and canopy closure without a change in species of the dominant plant-host, and associated with SON and free amino-acid N in soil. It is uncertain whether EMF taxa are responding to these organic N forms directly, affecting their availability, or are ultimately responding to changes in other site variables, such as belowground productivity. C1 [LeDuc, Stephen D.; Rothstein, David E.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Forestry, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [LeDuc, Stephen D.; Rothstein, David E.] Michigan State Univ, Ecol Evolutionary Biol & Behav Program, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Lilleskov, Erik A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forestry Sci Lab, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Horton, Thomas R.] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Dept Environm & Forest Biol, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. RP Leduc, SD (reprint author), US EPA, Ariel Rios Bldg,1200 Penn Ave NW,8623P, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM leduc.stephen@epa.gov OI Rothstein, David E/0000-0002-8426-9933; Horton, Tom/0000-0002-2112-9618 FU Michigan Botanical Society; Michigan State University's Plant Science Fellowship; National Science Foundation Division of Environmental Biology [0448058, 0614384] FX Personnel of the USDA-Forest Service and the Michigan Department of Natural Resources provided access to field sites and logistical help. We particularly thank Annette Kretzer, David Burke, Cody Springman, Seth Walk, and the late Tom Whittam for laboratory support. Rasmus Kjoller and Karl-Henrik Larsson provided assistance identifying Tricholoma and Piloderma sequences, and Laurie Alexander assisted with statistical analyses. We also thank M. Cook, G. Smith, S. Tourtellot and many others for field and laboratory assistance. We gratefully acknowledge the efforts of two anonymous reviewers whose suggestions greatly improved the quality of this manuscript. This project was supported by funding from the Michigan Botanical Society, Michigan State University's Plant Science Fellowship, and National Science Foundation Division of Environmental Biology awards 0448058 to D. E. R. and 0614384 to T. R. H.. Disclaimer: The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views or policies of the US Environmental Protection Agency. NR 71 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 8 U2 103 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0029-8549 J9 OECOLOGIA JI Oecologia PD MAY PY 2013 VL 172 IS 1 BP 257 EP 269 DI 10.1007/s00442-012-2471-0 PG 13 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 127GU UT WOS:000317686800023 PM 23053232 ER PT J AU Fagerquist, CK AF Fagerquist, Clifton K. TI Top-down proteomic identification of bacterial protein biomarkers and toxins using MALDI-TOF-TOF-MS/MS and post-source decay SO REVIEWS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight-time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF-TOF); post-source decay; top-down proteomic identification ID ASSISTED-LASER-DESORPTION/IONIZATION; DESORPTION IONIZATION-TIME; FLIGHT MASS-SPECTROMETRY; IN-SOURCE DECAY; MICROORGANISM IDENTIFICATION; INTACT MICROORGANISMS; RAPID IDENTIFICATION; LARGE-SCALE; N-TERMINI; CAMPYLOBACTER AB Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) is a new tool for rapid identification of bacterial microorganisms. With the development of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight-time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF-TOF) instruments, new capabilities for characterizing bacteria and their protein biomarkers and toxins by top-down proteomic identification is now possible. A number of researchers have demonstrated top-down proteomic identification of nondigested proteins using MALDI-TOF-TOF platforms. The current review briefly discusses the use of MS instrumentation for bacterial identification and characterization as well as recent developments in the use of MALDI-TOF-TOF for top-down proteomic identification of protein biomarkers and toxins from unfractionated bacterial cell lysates. This approach provides great promise as a rapid method for identification and characterization of pathogenic microorganisms and their virulence factors. C1 USDA, Produce Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, ARS, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Fagerquist, CK (reprint author), USDA, Produce Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, ARS, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM clifton.fagerquist@ars.usda.gov NR 47 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 37 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0793-0135 EI 2191-0189 J9 REV ANAL CHEM JI Rev. Anal. Chem. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 32 IS 2 BP 127 EP 133 DI 10.1515/revac-2012-0035 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 137BA UT WOS:000318408500004 ER PT J AU Brenkert-Smith, H Dickinson, KL Champ, PA Flores, N AF Brenkert-Smith, Hannah Dickinson, Katherine L. Champ, Patricia A. Flores, Nicholas TI Social Amplification of Wildfire Risk: The Role of Social Interactions and Information Sources SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Risk perception; social amplification of risk (SAR); social interactions; wildfire risk information ID WILDLAND-URBAN INTERFACE; FIRE; PERCEPTION; MANAGEMENT; HAZARD; RANGE; PERSPECTIVES; STRATEGIES; KNOWLEDGE; FRAMEWORK AB Wildfire is a persistent and growing threat across much of the western United States. Understanding how people living in fire-prone areas perceive this threat is essential to the design of effective risk management policies. Drawing on the social amplification of risk framework, we develop a conceptual model of wildfire risk perceptions that incorporates the social processes that likely shape how individuals in fire-prone areas come to understand this risk, highlighting the role of information sources and social interactions. We classify information sources as expert or nonexpert, and group social interactions according to two dimensions: formal versus informal, and generic versus fire-specific. Using survey data from two Colorado counties, we empirically examine how information sources and social interactions relate to the perceived probability and perceived consequences of a wildfire. Our results suggest that social amplification processes play a role in shaping how individuals in this area perceive wildfire risk. A key finding is that both vertical (i.e., expert information sources and formal social interactions) and horizontal (i.e., nonexpert information and informal interactions) interactions are associated with perceived risk of experiencing a wildfire. We also find evidence of perceived risk interdependencythat is, homeowners' perceptions of risk are higher when vegetation on neighboring properties is perceived to be dense. Incorporating social amplification processes into community-based wildfire education programs and evaluating these programs' effectiveness constitutes an area for future inquiry. C1 [Brenkert-Smith, Hannah] Univ Colorado, Inst Behav Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Dickinson, Katherine L.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Climate Sci & Applicat Program, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Champ, Patricia A.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Flores, Nicholas] Univ Colorado, Inst Behav Sci, Dept Econ, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Brenkert-Smith, H (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Inst Behav Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM hannahb@colorado.edu FU Institute of Behavioral Science at the University of Colorado, Boulder; U.S. Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station [10-CR-11221636-246]; National Science Foundation; Boulder and Larimer Counties FX We thank Tony Simons and Eric Philips for providing local expertise on the study counties. We also thank Jennifer Boehnert for her GIS assistance. Boulder and Larimer Counties funded the data collection. This study was also funded by the Institute of Behavioral Science at the University of Colorado, Boulder, and the U.S. Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station (10-CR-11221636-246). The National Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the National Science Foundation. Finally, this article was greatly improved by the comments and suggestions provided by two anonymous reviewers and the associate editor. NR 53 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 6 U2 53 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0272-4332 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 33 IS 5 BP 800 EP 817 DI 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2012.01917.x PG 18 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA 137MT UT WOS:000318440700010 PM 23106208 ER PT J AU Utsumi, SA Cibils, AF Estell, RE Soto-Navarro, SA Chen, L Hallford, DM AF Utsumi, Santiago A. Cibils, Andres F. Estell, Richard E. Soto-Navarro, Sergio A. Chen, Liang Hallford, Dennis M. TI Effects of adding protein, condensed tannins, and polyethylene glycol to diets of sheep and goats fed one-seed juniper and low quality roughage SO SMALL RUMINANT RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Goats; Sheep; Rumen undegradable protein; Rumen degradable protein; Juniper; Terpenes ID PLANT SECONDARY METABOLITES; AMINO-ACIDS; BIOCHEMICAL DIVERSITY; ESSENTIAL OILS; VOLATILE OILS; ANGORA-GOATS; P-CYMENE; RUMEN; LAMBS; OAK AB The biochemical mechanisms that limit voluntary intake of one-seed juniper by browsing ruminants are not well understood. Twelve Rambouillet ewes (78 +/- 2.3 kg BW) and 12 Boer-Spanish does (54 +/- 1.4 kg BW) were used in a split-plot sequence design to investigate the effects of adding protein, quebracho tannins (QTs), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) on one-seed juniper intake and preference and on ruminal VFA and plasma AA concentrations. Animals received sudangrass hay and isoenergetic basal diets (4 does and 4 ewes/diet) with either rumen degradable (RDP) or rumen undegradable (RUP) protein (12.5% CP) or no additional protein (control, 5% CP) during four 15-d periods. The control, RDP, and RUP diets were considered the main plot, whereas the four supplement treatments were analyzed as the split-plot effects. Period 1 allowed for adaptation to basal diets and served as a baseline phase. In periods 2-4, animals were offered juniper leaves and twigs (period 2), juniper plus QT (10% of basal diet; period 3), and juniper plus QT plus PEG (50 g/animal; period 4). Juniper intake by sheep and goats was not affected (P > 0.88) by RDP or RUP when animals were first exposed to juniper, but marginally increased (P < 0.10) in period 4 (QT + PEG) regardless of the basal diet. Prior exposure to juniper did not affect (P = 0.61) the preference ratio for juniper, but goats had higher preference ratio for juniper (P < 0.01) when receiving PEG (period 4). Concentrations of total VFA tended to increase in sheep (P = 0.10) and goats (P = 0.14) fed protein supplements and molar proportions shifted toward acetate for goats fed RDP and RUP (P = 0.07) and to butyrate for sheep fed RDP (P = 0.01). Initial juniper exposure (period 2) elevated concentrations of acetate, propionate, and butyrate (P < 0.01), but the effect was extinguished in periods 3 and 4 with addition of QT (P < 0.05). Supplementation with PEG transiently mitigated the depressor effect of QT on acetate, propionate, and butyrate concentration at 12 h post juniper feeding (P < 0.01). RDP in goats and to a greater extent RUP in sheep increased plasma concentrations of various AA, especially the branched chained Val, Ile, and Leu (P < 0.05). Plasma concentrations of several AA, including Met, Cyst, Glu, Gly, Gln, Asn, Thr, Ser, and Phe, decreased with ingestion of juniper (period 2) and juniper plus QT (period 3). Concentrations of some AA that were depressed by ingestion of juniper and QT were partially restored with supplemental PEG (P < 0.05). Protein, terpenes, tannins, and PEG interacted to influence rumen VFA and plasma AA, which were related to intake of juniper and basal diets. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Utsumi, Santiago A.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Hickory Corners, MI 49060 USA. [Utsumi, Santiago A.] Michigan State Univ, WK Kellogg Biol Stn, Hickory Corners, MI 49060 USA. [Cibils, Andres F.; Soto-Navarro, Sergio A.; Chen, Liang; Hallford, Dennis M.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Anim & Range Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Estell, Richard E.] USDA ARS Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Cibils, AF (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Dept Anim & Range Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM acibils@nmsu.edu FU USDA CSREES Joe Skeen Institute for Rangeland Restoration; NMSU Corona Range and Livestock Research Center; New Mexico Agric. Exp. Stn.; USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range FX This study was funded by the USDA CSREES Joe Skeen Institute for Rangeland Restoration, the NMSU Corona Range and Livestock Research Center, the New Mexico Agric. Exp. Stn., and the USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range. Authors acknowledge D. VanLeeuwen, T. Ross for their input and undergraduate and graduate NMSU students who participated with sampling, data collection, concentrate preparation, and feeding of animals. We are thankful for comments received from anonymous reviewers and the editor which greatly improved earlier versions of this manuscript. NR 64 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4488 J9 SMALL RUMINANT RES JI Small Ruminant Res. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 112 IS 1-3 BP 56 EP 68 DI 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2012.09.006 PG 13 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 136AK UT WOS:000318331600009 ER PT J AU Rhodes, DG Murayi, T Clemens, JC Baer, DJ Sebastian, RS Moshfegh, AJ AF Rhodes, Donna G. Murayi, Theophile Clemens, John C. Baer, David J. Sebastian, Rhonda S. Moshfegh, Alanna J. TI The USDA Automated Multiple-Pass Method accurately assesses population sodium intakes SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID POTASSIUM INTAKE; DIETARY RECALL; UNITED-STATES; SALT INTAKE; FOOD; ENERGY; ADULTS; COLLECTION; BIOMARKERS; EXCRETION AB Background: Given current sodium-reduction strategies, accurate and practical methods to monitor sodium intake in the US population are critical. Although the gold standard for estimating sodium intake is the 24-h urine collection, few studies have used this biomarker to evaluate the accuracy of a dietary instrument. Objective: Our objective was to compare self-reported dietary intake of sodium with 24-h urinary excretion obtained in the USDA Automated Multiple-Pass Method (AMPM) Validation Study. Design: Subjects were healthy, weight-stable volunteers aged 30-69 y recruited from the Washington, DC, area. Data from 465 subjects who completed at least one 24-h recall and collected a complete 24-h urine sample during the same period were used to assess the validity of sodium intake. Reporting accuracy was calculated as the ratio of reported sodium intake to that estimated from the urinary biomarker (24-h urinary sodium/0.86). Estimations of sodium intake included salt added in cooking but did not include salt added at the table. Results: Overall, the mean (95% Cl) reporting accuracy was 0.93 (0.89, 0.97) for men (n = 232) and 0.90 (0.87, 0.94) for women (n = 233). Reporting accuracy was highest for subjects classified as normal weight [body mass index (in kg/m(2)) <25]: 1.06 (1.00, 1.12) for men (n = 84) and 0.99 (0.94, 1.04) for women (n = 115). For women only, reporting accuracy was higher in those aged 50-69 y than in those who were younger. Conclusion: Findings from this study suggest that the USDA AMPM is a valid measure for estimating sodium intake in adults at the population or group level. Am J Clin Nutr 2013;97:958-64. C1 [Rhodes, Donna G.; Murayi, Theophile; Clemens, John C.; Baer, David J.; Sebastian, Rhonda S.; Moshfegh, Alanna J.] ARS, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Rhodes, DG (reprint author), 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 005,Room 102,BARC West, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM donna.rhodes@ars.usda.gov FU Agricultural Research Service, USDA FX Supported by the Agricultural Research Service, USDA. NR 34 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 97 IS 5 BP 958 EP 964 DI 10.3945/ajcn.112.044982 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 131NP UT WOS:000318000700009 PM 23553153 ER PT J AU Zhao, Y Sun, JH Yu, LL Chen, P AF Zhao, Yang Sun, Jianghao Yu, Liangli Lucy Chen, Pei TI Chromatographic and mass spectrometric fingerprinting analyses of Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels-derived dietary supplements SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels; Dietary supplements; Chromatographic Fingerprint; Flow-injection mass spectrometric fingerprint; Principal component analysis ID QUALITY-CONTROL; LIQUID; MSN AB Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels ("Danggui" in Chinese) is one of the most commonly used traditional Chinese medicines. It has been used to invigorate blood circulation for the treatment of anemia, hypertension, chronic bronchitis, asthma, rheumatism, and cardiovascular diseases. There are a number of A. sinensis-derived dietary supplements in the US markets. However, no study have been conducted to investigate the quality of these dietary supplements. In this paper, high-performance liquid chromatographic and flow-injection mass spectrometric fingerprints were both evaluated to assess the consistency of A. sinensis-derived dietary supplements. Similarity analysis was carried out on the high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) fingerprints. Meanwhile, principal component analysis (PCA) was performed on the data obtained from flow-injection mass spectrometric (FIMS) fingerprints, which can analyze each sample in 2 min, compared with 30 min required for the chromatographic fingerprint. Both methods show significant chemical differences between samples that may be due to differences in growing locations, growing conditions, harvesting times, and/or botanical processing. The loading plots obtained from PCA singled out the discriminatory ions that were responsible for chemical differences of A. sinensis-derived dietary supplements. C1 [Zhao, Yang; Sun, Jianghao; Chen, Pei] ARS, Food Composit & Methods Dev Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Yu, Liangli Lucy] Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Chen, P (reprint author), ARS, Food Composit & Methods Dev Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM pei.chen@ars.usda.gov RI ZHAO, YANG/O-7920-2014 FU Agricultural Research Service of the US Department of Agriculture; Office of Dietary Supplements of the National Institutes of Health FX This research is supported by the Agricultural Research Service of the US Department of Agriculture and an Interagency Agreement with the Office of Dietary Supplements of the National Institutes of Health. NR 22 TC 16 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 49 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1618-2642 J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 405 IS 13 BP 4477 EP 4485 DI 10.1007/s00216-012-6668-1 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 131DK UT WOS:000317972200018 PM 23314619 ER PT J AU Jordan, DB Lee, CC Wagschal, K Braker, JD AF Jordan, Douglas B. Lee, Charles C. Wagschal, Kurt Braker, Jay D. TI Activation of a GH43 beta-xylosidase by divalent metal cations: Slow binding of divalent metal and high substrate specificity SO ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE GH43 beta-xylosidase; Divalent metal activators; Slow binding; Ordered binding; Highest k(cat)/K-m (xylooligosaccharides); Biofuels ID GLYCOSIDE HYDROLASE FAMILY; SITE-DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS; BACILLUS-HALODURANS C-125; COMPOST STARTER MIXTURE; SELENOMONAS-RUMINANTIUM; L-ARABINOFURANOSIDASE; BIOCHEMICAL-CHARACTERIZATION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ARABINANASE 43A; MECHANISM AB RS223-BX of glycoside hydrolase family 43 is a beta-D-xylosidase that is strongly activated (k(cat)/K-m, as much as 116-fold) by the addition of divalent metal cations, Ca2+, Co2+, Fe2+, Mg2+, Mn2+ and Ni2+. Slow activation by Mg2+ was demonstrated (k(on) 0.013 s(-1) mM(-1), k(off) 0.008 s(-1)) at pH 7.0 and 25 degrees C. k(off) and k(on) values are independent of Mg2+ concentration, but k(off) and k(on) are slower in the presence of increasing levels of substrate 4-nitrophenyl-beta-D-xylopyranoside. The kinetics strongly suggest that M2+ binds to the enzyme rapidly, forming E M2+, followed by slow isomerization to the activated enzyme, E* M2+. Moderately high values of k(cat) (7-30 s(-1)) were found for M2+-activated RS223-BX acting on xylobiose (natural substrate) at pH 7.0 and 25 degrees C. Certain M2+-tactivated RS223-BX exhibit the highest reported values of k(cat)/K-m of any beta-xylosidase acting on natural substrates: for example, at pH 7.0 and 25 degrees C, xylobiose (Mn2+, 190 s(-1) mM(-1)), xylotriose (Ca2+, 150 s(-1) mM(-1)) and xylotetraose (Ca2+, 260 s(-1) mM(-1)). There is potential for the enzyme to 'add value to industrial saccharification operations at low substrate and high D-glucose and high D-xylose concentrations. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Jordan, Douglas B.; Braker, Jay D.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Lee, Charles C.; Wagschal, Kurt] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Jordan, DB (reprint author), 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM douglas.jordan@ars.usda.gov NR 39 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0003-9861 J9 ARCH BIOCHEM BIOPHYS JI Arch. Biochem. Biophys. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 533 IS 1-2 BP 79 EP 87 DI 10.1016/j.abb.2013.02.020 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 133JE UT WOS:000318133900011 PM 23500142 ER PT J AU Cotton, J Acosta-Martinez, V Moore-Kucera, J Burow, G AF Cotton, Jon Acosta-Martinez, Veronica Moore-Kucera, Jennifer Burow, Gloria TI Early changes due to sorghum biofuel cropping systems in soil microbial communities and metabolic functioning SO BIOLOGY AND FERTILITY OF SOILS LA English DT Article DE Cropping systems; Soil enzyme activities; FAME analysis; Microbial biomass; Ogallala aquifer; Sorghum; Biofuels ID BETA-GLUCOSAMINIDASE ACTIVITY; ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; ENZYME-ACTIVITIES; AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS; EXTRACTION METHOD; GRAIN-SORGHUM; HIGH-PLAINS; BICOLOR L.; BIOMASS-C; NITROGEN AB Evaluation of biofuel production cropping systems should address not only energy yields but also the impacts on soil attributes. In this study, forage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) cropping systems were initiated on a low organic matter soil (< 0.9 %) with a history of intensively tilled low-input cotton production in the semiarid Southern High Plains of the U.S. Sorghum cropping systems were evaluated in a split-plot design with sorghum cultivar as the main plot and the combination of irrigation level (non-irrigated and deficit irrigated) and aboveground biomass removal rate (50 % and 100 %) as the split plot. The sorghum cultivars used varied in yield potential and lignin content, which are important features for feedstock-producing crops. Within 1 year, the transition from long-term cotton cropping systems to sorghum biofuel cropping systems resulted in increased soil microbial biomass C (16 %) and N (17 %) and shifts in the microbial community composition as indicated by differences in fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profiles. Additionally, enzyme activities targeting C, N, P and S cycles increased 15-75 % (depending on the enzyme) after two growing seasons. Increased enzyme activities (16-19 %) and differences in FAME profiles were seen due to irrigation regardless of aboveground biomass removal rate. Biomass removal rate and the cultivar type had little effect on the soil microbial properties during the time frame of this study. Early results from this study suggest improvements in soil quality and the sustainability of sorghum biofuel cropping for low organic matter agricultural soils. C1 [Cotton, Jon; Acosta-Martinez, Veronica; Burow, Gloria] USDA ARS, Cropping Syst Res Lab, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. [Cotton, Jon; Moore-Kucera, Jennifer] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. RP Cotton, J (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM Jon.Cotton@ars.usda.gov FU Ogallala Aquifer Initiative FX We thank the Ogallala Aquifer Initiative for providing funding for this project, Dr. David Wester for input in statistical analysis, and laboratory personnel at the USDA-ARS for assistance in field and lab data collection. NR 48 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 6 U2 40 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0178-2762 J9 BIOL FERT SOILS JI Biol. Fertil. Soils PD MAY PY 2013 VL 49 IS 4 BP 403 EP 413 DI 10.1007/s00374-012-0732-z PG 11 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 135SX UT WOS:000318309900005 ER PT J AU Zhang, YQW Hagerman, AD McCarl, BA AF Zhang, Yuquan W. Hagerman, Amy D. McCarl, Bruce A. TI Influence of climate factors on spatial distribution of Texas cattle breeds SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article ID AGRICULTURE; IMPACT AB This paper investigates the spatial distribution of cattle breeders in Texas to quantify how climate factors influence cattle breed selection. A multivariate probit model is employed to examine the county-level binary choices of Bos taurus, Bos indicus and composite breeds derived from cattle breed association membership data. The estimation results suggest that summer heat stress is a significant factor for breed selection: positive for Bos indicus and negative for Bos taurus and composite breeds, with the average marginal effects on breed membership probability being 9.7 %, -26.5 % and -7.9 %, respectively. The intensity of the summer heat impacts can lead to noteworthy changes in spatial distributions of Texas cattle breeds in the event of climate change. C1 [Zhang, Yuquan W.] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Hagerman, Amy D.] Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20024 USA. [McCarl, Bruce A.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Agr Econ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Zhang, YQW (reprint author), RTI Int, 3040 E Cornwallis Rd, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM yuzhang@rti.org NR 31 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD MAY PY 2013 VL 118 IS 2 BP 183 EP 195 DI 10.1007/s10584-012-0642-y PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 130OC UT WOS:000317926800003 ER PT J AU Noh, SM Turse, JE Brown, WC Norimine, J Palmer, GH AF Noh, Susan M. Turse, Joshua E. Brown, Wendy C. Norimine, Junzo Palmer, Guy H. TI Linkage between Anaplasma marginale Outer Membrane Proteins Enhances Immunogenicity but Is Not Required for Protection from Challenge SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID T-LYMPHOCYTE RESPONSES; FRANCISELLA-TULARENSIS; IMMUNITY; IMMUNIZATION; VACCINE; CATTLE; INDUCTION; ISOLATE; MICE; SIZE AB The prevention of bacterial infections via immunization presents particular challenges. While outer membrane extracts are often protective, they are difficult and expensive to isolate and standardize and thus are often impractical for development and implementation in vaccination programs. In contrast, individual proteins, which are easily adapted for use in subunit vaccines, tend to be poorly protective. Consequently, identification of the specific characteristics of outer membrane-based immunogens, in terms of the antigen contents and contexts that are required for protective immunity, represents a major gap in the knowledge needed for bacterial vaccine development. Using as a model Anaplasma marginale, a persistent tick-borne bacterial pathogen of cattle, we tested two sets of immunogens to determine whether membrane context affected immunogenicity and the capacity to induce protection. The first immunogen was composed of a complex of outer membrane proteins linked by covalent bonds and known to be protective. The second immunogen was derived directly from the first one, but the proteins were individualized rather than linked. The antibody response induced by the linked immunogen was much greater than that induced by the unlinked immunogen. However, both immunogens induced protective immunity and an anamnestic response. These findings suggest that individual proteins or combinations of proteins can be successfully tested for the ability to induce protective immunity with less regard for overall membrane context. Once protective antigens are identified, immunogenicity could be enhanced by cross-linking to allow a reduced immunogen dose or fewer booster vaccinations. C1 [Noh, Susan M.] USDA, Anim Dis Res Unit, ARS, Pullman, WA USA. [Noh, Susan M.; Turse, Joshua E.; Brown, Wendy C.; Norimine, Junzo; Palmer, Guy H.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Program Vector Borne Dis, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Noh, Susan M.; Palmer, Guy H.] Washington State Univ, Paul G Allen Sch Global Anim Hlth, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Noh, SM (reprint author), USDA, Anim Dis Res Unit, ARS, Pullman, WA USA. EM snoh@vetmed.wsu.edu OI /0000-0001-7041-1823 FU USDA-ARS [5348-32000-033-00D, 5348-3200-033-03S]; National Institutes of Health [AI044005, AI007025, AI053692] FX This research was supported by USDA-ARS grant 5348-32000-033-00D, USDA-ARS cooperative agreement 5348-3200-033-03S, and National Institutes of Health grants AI044005, AI007025, and AI053692. NR 31 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 20 IS 5 BP 651 EP 656 DI 10.1128/CVI.00600-12 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 133OY UT WOS:000318149500002 PM 23446216 ER PT J AU Wald, JA Graham, RC Schoeneberger, PJ AF Wald, Jonathan A. Graham, Robert C. Schoeneberger, Phillip J. TI Distribution and properties of soft weathered bedrock at 1m depth in the contiguous United States SO EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS LA English DT Article DE regolith; weathering; soil; bedrock; saprolite ID NORTH-CAROLINA PIEDMONT; MIXED-CONIFER FOREST; GRANITIC BEDROCK; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; ARCTOSTAPHYLOS-PATULA; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; SEDIMENTARY-ROCK; PINUS-JEFFREYI; MOJAVE DESERT; WATER STATUS AB The weathered bedrock zone is increasingly recognized as an important part of ecological and hydrologic systems, but its distribution is poorly known in the contiguous United States. We used spatial and laboratory characterization data from the US Department of Agriculture (USDA)-Natural Resources Conservation Service to assess the distribution and soil-like properties of soft weathered bedrock (saprock and saprolite) within the 48 contiguous United States. Because USDA soil inventories generally do not extend below 2m, and because the upper 1m is clearly involved in ecosystem function and vadose zone hydrology, we restricted our inquiry to soft weathered bedrock within 1m of the land surface. Soft weathered bedrock within 1m of the land surface is widespread throughout the contiguous United States, underlying at least 6% of the land area. In-depth analysis of three states showed that soft weathered bedrock at the 1-m depth underlies 22% of the total land area in California, 33% in Wyoming, and 18% in North Carolina. Soft weathered bedrock hosts pedogenic activity, as indicated by morphological features such as roots, clay films, and iron (Fe)-/manganese (Mn)-oxide concretions recorded in pedon descriptions in the database. The physical and chemical properties of soft weathered bedrock are often similar to those of the overlying soil, suggesting that in many respects soft weathered bedrock behaves like soil. It supplies water and nutrients to plants whose roots penetrate into it and it modulates throughflow runoff to streams. For a more complete understanding of soft weathered bedrock, systematic data are needed on its thickness across landscapes and a consistent terminology for its various forms needs to be adopted and widely used. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Wald, Jonathan A.] Civil Engineer Squadron CEA, Fairchild AFB, WA USA. [Graham, Robert C.] Univ Calif Riverside, Soil & Water Sci Program, Dept Environm Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Schoeneberger, Phillip J.] USDA NRCS, Natl Soil Survey Ctr, Lincoln, NE USA. RP Graham, RC (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Soil & Water Sci Program, Dept Environm Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM robert.graham@ucr.edu FU USDA-NRCS [68-7482-7-313] FX This research was funded in part by USDA-NRCS Award No. 68-7482-7-313. The authors thank Dr Larry Munn of University of Wyoming and Steve Jelden of USDA-NRCS for orientation to weathered bedrock in Wyoming, and Dr Stan Buol, C. D. Witanachchi, and Chris Niewoehner of North Carolina State University, and Roy Vick and Dan Good of USDA-NRCS for orientation to saprolites in North Carolina. Discussions with USDA-NRCS personnel Doug Wysocki, Ellis Benham, and Sam Indorante, and Katherine Kendrick (USGS), substantially improved this research. NR 74 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 31 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0197-9337 J9 EARTH SURF PROC LAND JI Earth Surf. Process. Landf. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 38 IS 6 BP 614 EP 626 DI 10.1002/esp.3343 PG 13 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 132DI UT WOS:000318047700007 ER PT J AU de Mazancourt, C Isbell, F Larocque, A Berendse, F De Luca, E Grace, JB Haegeman, B Polley, HW Roscher, C Schmid, B Tilman, D van Ruijven, J Weigelt, A Wilsey, BJ Loreau, M AF de Mazancourt, Claire Isbell, Forest Larocque, Allen Berendse, Frank De Luca, Enrica Grace, James B. Haegeman, Bart Polley, H. Wayne Roscher, Christiane Schmid, Bernhard Tilman, David van Ruijven, Jasper Weigelt, Alexandra Wilsey, Brian J. Loreau, Michel TI Predicting ecosystem stability from community composition and biodiversity SO ECOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Biodiversity; demographic stochasticity; environmental stochasticity; overyielding; prediction; stability ID COMPETITIVE COMMUNITIES; SPECIES INTERACTIONS; TEMPORAL STABILITY; TIME-SERIES; DIVERSITY; PRODUCTIVITY; POPULATION; DYNAMICS; CONSEQUENCES; VARIABILITY AB As biodiversity is declining at an unprecedented rate, an important current scientific challenge is to understand and predict the consequences of biodiversity loss. Here, we develop a theory that predicts the temporal variability of community biomass from the properties of individual component species in monoculture. Our theory shows that biodiversity stabilises ecosystems through three main mechanisms: (1) asynchrony in species' responses to environmental fluctuations, (2) reduced demographic stochasticity due to overyielding in species mixtures and (3) reduced observation error (including spatial and sampling variability). Parameterised with empirical data from four long-term grassland biodiversity experiments, our prediction explained 2275% of the observed variability, and captured much of the effect of species richness. Richness stabilised communities mainly by increasing community biomass and reducing the strength of demographic stochasticity. Our approach calls for a re-evaluation of the mechanisms explaining the effects of biodiversity on ecosystem stability. C1 [de Mazancourt, Claire; Larocque, Allen] McGill Univ, Redpath Museum, Montreal, PQ H3A 2K6, Canada. [Isbell, Forest; Loreau, Michel] McGill Univ, Dept Biol, Montreal, PQ H3A 1B1, Canada. [Isbell, Forest; Tilman, David] Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Berendse, Frank; van Ruijven, Jasper] Wageningen Univ, Nat Conservat & Plant Ecol Grp, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands. [De Luca, Enrica; Schmid, Bernhard] Univ Zurich, Inst Evolutionary Biol & Environm Studies, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. [Grace, James B.] US Geol Survey, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA. [Haegeman, Bart] UMR MISTEA, INRIA Res Team MODEMIC, F-34060 Montpellier, France. [Polley, H. Wayne] ARS, USDA, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Roscher, Christiane] Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, UFZ, Dept Community Ecol, D-06120 Halle, Germany. [Weigelt, Alexandra] Univ Leipzig, Inst Biol, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. [Wilsey, Brian J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [de Mazancourt, Claire; Haegeman, Bart; Loreau, Michel] Ctr Natl Rech Sci, Expt Ecol Stn, Ctr Biodivers Theory & Modelling, F-09200 Moulis, France. RP de Mazancourt, C (reprint author), McGill Univ, Redpath Museum, 859 Sherbrooke St W, Montreal, PQ H3A 2K6, Canada. EM claire.demazancourt@ecoex-moulis.cnrs.fr RI Isbell, Forest/C-6915-2012; Schmid, Bernhard/C-8625-2009; OI Isbell, Forest/0000-0001-9689-769X; Schmid, Bernhard/0000-0002-8430-3214; Wilsey, Brian J./0000-0002-0628-5006 NR 46 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 20 U2 370 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1461-023X EI 1461-0248 J9 ECOL LETT JI Ecol. Lett. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 16 IS 5 BP 617 EP 625 DI 10.1111/ele.12088 PG 9 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 132OA UT WOS:000318077200006 PM 23438189 ER PT J AU Peterson, EE Ver Hoef, JM Isaak, DJ Falke, JA Fortin, MJ Jordan, CE McNyset, K Monestiez, P Ruesch, AS Sengupta, A Som, N Steel, EA Theobald, DM Torgersen, CE Wenger, SJ AF Peterson, Erin E. Ver Hoef, Jay M. Isaak, Dan J. Falke, Jeffrey A. Fortin, Marie-Josee Jordan, Chris E. McNyset, Kristina Monestiez, Pascal Ruesch, Aaron S. Sengupta, Aritra Som, Nicholas Steel, E. Ashley Theobald, David M. Torgersen, Christian E. Wenger, Seth J. TI Modelling dendritic ecological networks in space: an integrated network perspective SO ECOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Review DE Connectivity; dendritic ecological network; directionality; network analysis; scales; spatial statistics; stream network; taxonomy of network analyses ID SPATIAL STATISTICAL-MODELS; MOVING-AVERAGE APPROACH; STREAM NETWORKS; RIVER NETWORK; BIODIVERSITY PATTERNS; TROUT POPULATIONS; MANTEL TEST; NEW-JERSEY; CONNECTIVITY; DYNAMICS AB Dendritic ecological networks (DENs) are a unique form of ecological networks that exhibit a dendritic network topology (e.g. stream and cave networks or plant architecture). DENs have a dual spatial representation; as points within the network and as points in geographical space. Consequently, some analytical methods used to quantify relationships in other types of ecological networks, or in 2-D space, may be inadequate for studying the influence of structure and connectivity on ecological processes within DENs. We propose a conceptual taxonomy of network analysis methods that account for DEN characteristics to varying degrees and provide a synthesis of the different approaches within the context of stream ecology. Within this context, we summarise the key innovations of a new family of spatial statistical models that describe spatial relationships in DENs. Finally, we discuss how different network analyses may be combined to address more complex and novel research questions. While our main focus is streams, the taxonomy of network analyses is also relevant anywhere spatial patterns in both network and 2-D space can be used to explore the influence of multi-scale processes on biota and their habitat (e.g. plant morphology and pest infestation, or preferential migration along stream or road corridors). C1 [Peterson, Erin E.] CSIRO Div Math Informat & Stat, Dutton Pk, Qld, Australia. [Ver Hoef, Jay M.] NOAA, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Seattle, WA USA. [Isaak, Dan J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Boise, ID USA. [Falke, Jeffrey A.; McNyset, Kristina] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Fortin, Marie-Josee] Univ Toronto, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Jordan, Chris E.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Conservat Biol Div, Seattle, WA 98112 USA. [Monestiez, Pascal] INRA, Unite Biostat & Proc Spatiaux, Avignon, France. [Ruesch, Aaron S.] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Sengupta, Aritra] Ohio State Univ, Dept Stat, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Som, Nicholas] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Steel, E. Ashley] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Seattle, WA USA. [Theobald, David M.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Torgersen, Christian E.] Univ Washington, US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Cascadia Field Stn,Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Wenger, Seth J.] Trout Unltd, Boise, ID USA. RP Peterson, EE (reprint author), CSIRO Div Math Informat & Stat, Dutton Pk, Qld, Australia. EM Erin.Peterson@csiro.au RI Peterson, Erin/D-2360-2009; OI Ver Hoef, Jay/0000-0003-4302-6895 FU National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis; National Science Foundation [EF-0553768]; University of California, Santa Barbara; State of California FX This study was conducted as part of the Spatial Statistics for Streams Working Group supported by the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, a Center funded by the National Science Foundation (Grant # EF-0553768), the University of California, Santa Barbara and the State of California. We thank G.H. Reeves and K.M. Burnett at the US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station for providing the rainbow trout abundance data used to develop the Torgegram in Fig. 7b. We also thank Frederieke Kroon, Nick Bond, Dan Pagendam and three anonymous reviewers for constructive comments on previous versions of this manuscript. Note that, any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 100 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 10 U2 172 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1461-023X J9 ECOL LETT JI Ecol. Lett. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 16 IS 5 BP 707 EP 719 DI 10.1111/ele.12084 PG 13 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 132OA UT WOS:000318077200017 PM 23458322 ER PT J AU Aguiar, VF Donoghue, AM Arsi, K Reyes-Herrera, I Metcalf, JH de los Santos, FS Blore, PJ Donoghue, DJ AF Aguiar, Vivian F. Donoghue, Ann M. Arsi, Komala Reyes-Herrera, Ixchel Metcalf, Joel H. de los Santos, Fausto S. Blore, Pamela J. Donoghue, Dan J. TI Targeting Motility Properties of Bacteria in the Development of Probiotic Cultures Against Campylobacter jejuni in Broiler Chickens SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID COMPETITIVE-EXCLUSION BACTERIA; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS SPORES; CAPRYLIC-ACID; GASTROINTESTINAL TRACTS; POULTRY PRODUCTION; DRINKING-WATER; BIOLOG SYSTEM; TURKEY POULTS; IN-VITRO; COLONIZATION AB Campylobacter is the leading cause of gastroenteritis worldwide. Campylobacter is commonly present in the intestinal tract of poultry, and one strategy to reduce enteric colonization is the use of probiotic cultures. This strategy has successfully reduced enteric colonization of Salmonella, but has had limited success against Campylobacter. In an effort to improve the efficacy of probiotic cultures, we developed a novel in vitro screening technique for selecting bacterial isolates with enhanced motility. It is proposed that motility-selected bacteria have the marked ability to reach the same gastrointestinal niche in poultry and competitively reduce C. jejuni. Bacterial isolates were collected from ceca of healthy chickens, and motile isolates were identified and tested for anti-Campylobacter activity. Isolates with these properties were selected for increased motility by passing each isolate 10 times and at each passage selecting bacteria that migrated the farthest during each passage. Three bacterial isolates with the greatest motility (all Bacillus subtilis) were used alone or in combination in two chicken trials. At day of hatch, chicks were administered these isolates alone or in combination (n = 10/treatment, two trials), and chicks were orally challenged with a mixture of four different wild-type strains of C. jejuni (similar to 10(5) CFU/mL) on day 7. Isolate 1 reduced C. jejuni colonization in both of the trials (p < 0.05). A follow-up study was conducted to compare isolate 1 subjected to enhanced motility selection with its nonselected form. A reduction (p < 0.05) in Campylobacter colonization was observed in all three trials in the chickens dosed using isolate with enhanced motility compared to the control and unselected isolate. These findings support the theory that the motility enhancement of potential probiotic bacteria may provide a strategy for reduction of C. jejuni in pre-harvest chickens. C1 [Aguiar, Vivian F.; Arsi, Komala; Reyes-Herrera, Ixchel; Metcalf, Joel H.; de los Santos, Fausto S.; Blore, Pamela J.; Donoghue, Dan J.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Poultry Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Donoghue, Ann M.] ARS, Poultry Prod & Prod Safety Res Unit, USDA, Fayetteville, AR USA. RP Donoghue, DJ (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Poultry Sci, 1260 W Maple St,POSC O-408, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM ddonogh@uark.edu RI arsi, komala/G-8871-2016 OI arsi, komala/0000-0002-4282-4273 NR 62 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 20 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 10 IS 5 BP 435 EP 441 DI 10.1089/fpd.2012.1302 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 134OW UT WOS:000318223100005 PM 23531121 ER PT J AU Schuster, GL Donaldson, JR Buntyn, JO Duoss, HA Callaway, TR Carroll, JA Falkenberg, SM Schmidt, TB AF Schuster, Greta L. Donaldson, Janet R. Buntyn, Joe O. Duoss, Heather A. Callaway, Todd R. Carroll, Jeff A. Falkenberg, Shollie M. Schmidt, Ty B. TI Use of Bioluminescent Escherichia coli to Determine Retention During the Life Cycle of the Housefly, Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae, L) SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID STABLE FLY DIPTERA; GROWTH; SURVIVAL; BACTERIA; O157-H7; CATTLE; LARVAE; FLIES AB Researchers have documented that the housefly (Musca domestica) can serve as a vector for the spread of foodborne pathogens to livestock, food, and humans. Most studies have investigated Musca domestica as a vector only after the fly comes into contact or consumes the pathogen as an adult. The objective of this study was to determine whether the larvae of Musca domestica could ingest Escherichia coli from bovine manure and whether the E. coli could survive the metamorphosis process and be transmitted. Larvae (n = 960) were incubated in sterilized bovine manure inoculated with 0, 3, 5, and 8 log(10) colony-forming units (CFU)/mL of bioluminescent E. coli for 24 (larvae stage), 48 (larvae stage), 120 (pupae stage), and 192 h (adult stage). Larvae incubated for 24 h in bovine manure possessed 0.0, 2.7, 2.9, and 3.5 log(10) CFU/mL of E. coli, from inoculated with 0, 3, 5, and 8 log(10) CFU/mL of E. coli, respectively. Concentrations of E. coli within the pupae were 0.0, 1.7, 1.9, and 2.2 log(10) CFU/mL for each inoculation concentration, respectively. Flies that emerged from the pupae stage contained 0.0, 1.3, 2.2, and 1.7 log(10) CFU/mL of E. coli from larvae incubated in manure inoculated with concentrations of E. coli, respectively. These results suggest the housefly can emerge with quantities of E. coli. While this was an enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), these data may suggest that if the fly is capable of retaining similar concentrations of an enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), these concentrations may be capable of initiating illness in humans. Furthermore, the E. coli concentration within and on adult flies is related to environmental exposure. It must be noted that larvae were incubated in sterilized bovine manure, and there was no other bacterial competition for the E. coli. Thus, the rate of positive flies and concentrations present when flies emerged may vary under more realistic conditions. C1 [Schuster, Greta L.] Texas A&M Kingsville, Dept Agr Agribusiness & Environm Sci, Kingsville, TX USA. [Donaldson, Janet R.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Buntyn, Joe O.; Schmidt, Ty B.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Anim Sci, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Duoss, Heather A.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA USA. [Callaway, Todd R.] ARS, USDA, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, College Stn, TX USA. [Carroll, Jeff A.] ARS, USDA, Livestock Issues Res Unit, Lubbock, TX USA. [Falkenberg, Shollie M.] ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA USA. RP Schmidt, TB (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Anim Sci, Box 830908, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM tschmidt4@unl.edu FU Biophotonic Initiative USDA-ARS [58-6402-3-0120] FX The authors would like to thank Dr. Peter Ryan and Dr. Scott Willard for their knowledge and support. The authors would also like to thank the Biophotonic Initiative USDA-ARS #58-6402-3-0120 for funding to acquire the imaging equipment. NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 18 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 10 IS 5 BP 442 EP 447 DI 10.1089/fpd.2012.1326 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 134OW UT WOS:000318223100006 PM 23536983 ER PT J AU Van Kessel, JAS Karns, JS Wolfgang, DR Hovingh, E AF Van Kessel, Jo Ann S. Karns, Jeffrey. S. Wolfgang, David R. Hovingh, Ernest TI Regional Distribution of Two Dairy-Associated Salmonella enterica Serotypes SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID FECAL PREVALENCE; UNITED STATES; FOOD SAFETY; MILK; HERD; PATHOGENS; HAZARDS; CATTLE; COWS AB Salmonella enterica is a zoonotic pathogen that is often associated with dairy farms. The organism can cause disease in cows but is also frequently shed in large numbers by dairy cows that are asymptomatic. Long-term asymptomatic infections with serotypes Cerro and Kentucky were previously identified in cows on a 100-head dairy farm in Pennsylvania, United States (focal dairy). Milk filters were collected from farms within 30 miles of the focal dairy to determine whether the infections by Cerro and Kentucky were limited to the focal dairy or whether the infection might be more regional in nature. Analysis of milk filters showed that Cerro and Kentucky were widespread in the surrounding region with 16 of 39 farms (41%) positive for one or both serotypes. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis showed that the milk filter Kentucky strains shared >90% similarity with strains from the focal dairy and from local streams. Although there was more variation between Cerro strains (>80% similarity), most milk filter Cerro isolates from most milk filters were highly similar (>90%) to strains isolated from the focal dairy and local streams. In this intensely dairy-farmed region, Salmonella infection of dairy cows appears to be regional in nature, a fact that will impact efforts to control these pathogens. C1 [Van Kessel, Jo Ann S.; Karns, Jeffrey. S.] ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Wolfgang, David R.; Hovingh, Ernest] Penn State Univ, Dept Vet & Biomed Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Van Kessel, JAS (reprint author), ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, USDA, Bldg 173,Room 202 BARC East, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM joann.vankessel@ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 10 IS 5 BP 448 EP 452 DI 10.1089/fpd.2012.1380 PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 134OW UT WOS:000318223100007 PM 23536986 ER PT J AU Gould, LH Mody, RK Ong, KL Clogher, P Cronquist, AB Garman, KN Lathrop, S Medus, C Spina, NL Webb, TH White, PL Wymore, K Gierke, RE Mahon, BE Griffin, PM AF Gould, L. Hannah Mody, Rajal K. Ong, Kanyin L. Clogher, Paula Cronquist, Alicia B. Garman, Katie N. Lathrop, Sarah Medus, Carlota Spina, Nancy L. Webb, Tameka H. White, Patricia L. Wymore, Katie Gierke, Ruth E. Mahon, Barbara E. Griffin, Patricia M. CA Emerging Infect Program FoodNet TI Increased Recognition of Non-O157 Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Infections in the United States During 2000-2010: Epidemiologic Features and Comparison with E. coli O157 Infections SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC SYNDROME; DIARRHEA; CHILDREN; SURVEILLANCE; CONNECTICUT; ARGENTINA; MEXICO AB Background: Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are an important cause of diarrhea and the major cause of postdiarrheal hemolytic uremic syndrome. Non-O157 STEC infections are being recognized with greater frequency because of changing laboratory practices. Methods: Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) site staff conducted active, population-based surveillance for laboratory-confirmed STEC infections. We assessed frequency and incidence of STEC infections by serogroup and examined and compared demographic factors, clinical characteristics, and frequency of international travel among patients. Results: During 2000-2010, FoodNet sites reported 2006 cases of non-O157 STEC infection and 5688 cases of O157 STEC infections. The number of reported non-O157 STEC infections increased from an incidence of 0.12 per 100,000 population in 2000 to 0.95 per 100,000 in 2010; while the rate of O157 STEC infections decreased from 2.17 to 0.95 per 100,000. Among non-O157 STEC, six serogroups were most commonly reported: O26 (26%), O103 (22%), O111 (19%), O121 (6%), O45 (5%), and O145 (4%). Non-O157 STEC infections were more common among Hispanics, and infections were less severe than those caused by O157 STEC, but this varied by serogroup. Fewer non-O157 STEC infections were associated with outbreaks (7% versus 20% for O157), while more were associated with international travel (14% versus 3% for O157). Conclusions: Improved understanding of the epidemiologic features of non-O157 STEC infections can inform food safety and other prevention efforts. To detect both O157 and non-O157 STEC infections, clinical laboratories should routinely and simultaneously test all stool specimens submitted for diagnosis of acute community-acquired diarrhea for O157 STEC and for Shiga toxin and ensure that isolates are sent to a public health laboratory for serotyping and subtyping. C1 [Gould, L. Hannah; Mody, Rajal K.; Ong, Kanyin L.; Gierke, Ruth E.; Mahon, Barbara E.; Griffin, Patricia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Clogher, Paula] Connecticut Emerging Infect Program, New Haven, CT USA. [Cronquist, Alicia B.] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Garman, Katie N.] Tennessee Dept Hlth, Nashville, TN USA. [Lathrop, Sarah] New Mexico Emerging Infect Program, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Medus, Carlota] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Spina, Nancy L.] New York State Emerging Infect Program, Albany, NY USA. [Webb, Tameka H.] Georgia Dept Community Hlth, Div Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [White, Patricia L.] US Food Safety & Inspect Serv, USDA, Omaha, NE USA. [Wymore, Katie] Calif Emerging Infect Program, Oakland, CA USA. RP Gould, LH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A38, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lgould@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; United States Department of Agriculture; United States Food and Drug Administration FX We thank the Emerging Infections Program surveillance officers and the participating local and state health departments and laboratories. Mike Hoekstra provided valuable input on the statistical analyses. Funding for this report was provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the United States Department of Agriculture, and the United States Food and Drug Administration. NR 24 TC 85 Z9 85 U1 0 U2 28 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 10 IS 5 BP 453 EP 460 DI 10.1089/fpd.2012.1401 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 134OW UT WOS:000318223100008 PM 23560425 ER PT J AU Bhaduri, S Phillips, JG AF Bhaduri, Saumya Phillips, John G. TI Growth of a pYV-Bearing Yersinia pestis KIM5 in Retail Raw Ground Pork SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID PLAGUE; PLASMID; PSEUDOTUBERCULOSIS; TEMPERATURE; OUTBREAK; SLURRY; MODEL AB Yersinia pestis can cause oropharyngeal plague as a result of consumption or handling of meat from infected animals. Thus, food naturally or intentionally contaminated can have a role in the dissemination of oropharyngeal plague. The growth of a conditionally virulent pYV-bearing rifampicin-resistant Y. pestis KIM5 (rif-Y. pestis KIM5) in retail raw ground pork (RGP) was studied at temperatures ranging from 4 to 30 degrees C. At 4 degrees C, rif-Y. pestis KIM5 did not grow but survived. In RGP, rif-Y. pestis KIM5 grew at refrigerated temperatures of 10 and 15 degrees C with growth rates of 0.05 and 0.16 log(10) colony-forming units (CFU)/h. The growth rates at abusive temperatures of 20, 25, and 30 degrees C were 0.26, 0.30, and 0.77 log(10) CFU/h. The growth rate was increased 15.4-fold with the increase of storage temperatures from 10 degrees C to 30 degrees C. The maximum population density ranged from 6.76 to 8.66 log(10) CFU/g. Furthermore, there was no detectable loss of pYV in surviving rif-Y. pestis KIM5 at any of the temperatures tested in retail RGP. This suggests that under these conditions, Y. pestis could cause oropharyngeal plague if the meat was not properly cooked. The individual infected by Y. pestis in food is a potential reservoir who can infect others, leading to outbreaks of plague. C1 [Bhaduri, Saumya] ARS, Mol Characterizat Foodborne Pathogens Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Phillips, John G.] ARS, North Atlantic Area, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Bhaduri, S (reprint author), ARS, Mol Characterizat Foodborne Pathogens Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM saumya.bhaduri@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 10 IS 5 BP 467 EP 471 DI 10.1089/fpd.2012.1357 PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 134OW UT WOS:000318223100010 PM 23627929 ER PT J AU Gusyev, MA Haitjema, HM Carlson, CP Gonzalez, MA AF Gusyev, M. A. Haitjema, H. M. Carlson, C. P. Gonzalez, M. A. TI Use of Nested Flow Models and Interpolation Techniques for Science-Based Management of the Sheyenne National Grassland, North Dakota, USA SO GROUND WATER LA English DT Article ID ARTIFICIAL NEURAL-NETWORKS; WATER-TABLE DEPTHS; GROUNDWATER; OPTIMIZATION; TIME AB Noxious weeds threaten the Sheyenne National Grassland (SNG) ecosystem and therefore herbicides have been used for control. To protect groundwater quality, the herbicide application is restricted to areas where the water table is less than 10 feet (3.05 m) below the ground surface in highly permeable soils, or less than 6 feet (1.83 m) below the ground surface in low permeable soils. A local MODFLOW model was extracted from a regional GFLOW analytic element model and used to develop depth-to-groundwater maps in the SNG that are representative for the particular time frame of herbicide applications. These maps are based on a modeled groundwater table and a digital elevation model (DEM). The accuracy of these depth-to-groundwater maps is enhanced by an artificial neural networks (ANNs) interpolation scheme that reduces residuals at 48 monitoring wells. The combination of groundwater modeling and ANN improved depth-to-groundwater maps, which in turn provided more informed decisions about where herbicides can or cannot be safely applied. C1 [Gusyev, M. A.] GNS Sci, Dept Hydrol, Lower Hutt 5010, New Zealand. [Gusyev, M. A.; Haitjema, H. M.] Indiana Univ, Sch Publ & Environm Affairs, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Carlson, C. P.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Gonzalez, M. A.] Bur Land Management, Natl Riparian Serv Team, Prineville, OR 97754 USA. RP Gusyev, MA (reprint author), GNS Sci, Dept Hydrol, Lower Hutt 5010, New Zealand. EM m.gusyev@gns.cri.nz FU Forest Service FX We thank for funding support from the Forest Service and the management support of the District Ranger Bryan Stotts and the Dakota Prairie Resources Staff Officer Mark Goeden. This paper has been greatly improved by insightful comments of Prof. David Good, Prof. Otto Strack, and Prof. Chris Craft. We thank Dr. Randy Hunt, Dr. Michael Fienen and an anonymous reviewer for their comments to improve the manuscript. We also thank Scott Parking and Prof. David Hopkins for their insights into the SNG hydrogeology. NR 32 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0017-467X J9 GROUND WATER JI Ground Water PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 51 IS 3 BP 414 EP 420 DI 10.1111/j.1745-6584.2012.00989.x PG 7 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA 133WR UT WOS:000318172100013 PM 23013059 ER PT J AU Agarwal, UP Zhu, JY Ralph, SA AF Agarwal, Umesh P. Zhu, J. Y. Ralph, Sally A. TI Enzymatic hydrolysis of loblolly pine: effects of cellulose crystallinity and delignification SO HOLZFORSCHUNG LA English DT Article DE ball milling; cellulase; cellulose; crystallinity; enzymatic hydrolysis; hydrolysis; lignin; loblolly pine; wood ID INDUCED FIBER HORNIFICATION; CELL-WALL; WOOD; PRETREATMENT; LIGNIN; SACCHARIFICATION; LIGNOCELLULOSES; SURFACE; SUSCEPTIBILITY; SOFTWOOD AB Hydrolysis experiments with commercial cellulases have been performed to understand the effects of cell wall crystallinity and lignin on the process. In the focus of the paper are loblolly pine wood samples, which were systematically delignified and partly ball-milled, and, for comparison, Whatman CC31 cellulose samples with different crystallinities. In pure cellulose samples, the percentage of cellulose hydrolysis was inversely proportional to the degree of crystallinity. For the loblolly pine samples, the extent of hydrolysis was low for the fraction with 74- to 149-mu m particle size, but the ball-milled fraction was hydrolyzed easily. The impact of lignin removal was also influential as demonstrated on progressively delignified wood, i.e., the degree of saccharification increased with lignin removal. On the basis of data of 72 h hydrolysis time on materials with similar crystallinity, the cell wall was found to be eight times less hydrolyzable than Whatman CC31 cellulose. Taken together, cellulose crystallinity and composition are not as important as the ultrastructural changes caused by the disruption of the tightly packed regions of the cell wall that ensued upon acid chlorite delignification. C1 [Agarwal, Umesh P.; Zhu, J. Y.; Ralph, Sally A.] USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Forest Serv, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Agarwal, UP (reprint author), USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Forest Serv, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM uagarwal@fs.fed.us NR 31 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 28 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0018-3830 J9 HOLZFORSCHUNG JI Holzforschung PD MAY PY 2013 VL 67 IS 4 BP 371 EP 377 DI 10.1515/hf-2012-0116 PG 7 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 134OR UT WOS:000318222500003 ER PT J AU Elder, T Houtman, C AF Elder, Thomas Houtman, Carl TI Time-domain NMR study of the drying of hemicellulose extracted aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) SO HOLZFORSCHUNG LA English DT Article DE aspen; moisture content; nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR); pretreatment ID FURFURYLATED NORWAY SPRUCE; HOT-WATER EXTRACTION; ENZYMATIC-HYDROLYSIS; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; MOISTURE-CONTENT; MODIFIED WOOD; ACID; FERMENTATION; PRETREATMENT; H-1-NMR AB The effect of hot water on aspen chips has been evaluated using time-domain low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. At moisture contents above fiber saturation point, treated chips exhibit relaxation times of free water longer than for the control. This is consistent with the removal of hemicelluloses given the hydrophilicity of these polysaccharides. The rate of decrease in free water upon drying is greater for the pretreated samples. These results indicate that hot water treatment modifies both the chemical and physical properties of the chips and may therefore impact product manufacture and performance. C1 [Elder, Thomas] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Pineville, LA USA. [Houtman, Carl] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI USA. RP Elder, T (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Pineville, LA USA. EM telder@fs.fed.us NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 20 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0018-3830 J9 HOLZFORSCHUNG JI Holzforschung PD MAY PY 2013 VL 67 IS 4 BP 405 EP 411 DI 10.1515/hf-2012-0130 PG 7 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 134OR UT WOS:000318222500007 ER PT J AU Van Meulder, F Van Coppernolle, S Borloo, J Rinaldi, M Li, RW Chiers, K Van den Broeck, W Vercruysse, J Claerebout, E Geldhof, P AF Van Meulder, Frederik Van Coppernolle, Stefanie Borloo, Jimmy Rinaldi, Manuela Li, Robert W. Chiers, Koen Van den Broeck, Wim Vercruysse, Jozef Claerebout, Edwin Geldhof, Peter TI Granule Exocytosis of Granulysin and Granzyme B as a Potential Key Mechanism in Vaccine-Induced Immunity in Cattle against the Nematode Ostertagia ostertagi SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID MUCOSAL MAST-CELLS; BOVINE MAMMARY-GLAND; GLOBULE LEUKOCYTES; GASTROINTESTINAL NEMATODES; HAEMONCHUS-CONTORTUS; HOOKWORM INFECTION; PARASITIZED SHEEP; SMALL-INTESTINE; RESISTANCE; EXPRESSION AB Ostertagia ostertagi is considered one of the most economically important bovine parasites. As an alternative to anthelmintic treatment, an experimental host-protective vaccine was previously developed on the basis of ASP proteins derived from adult worms. Intramuscular injection of this vaccine, combined with QuilA as an adjuvant, significantly reduced fecal egg counts by 59%. However, the immunological mechanisms triggered by the vaccine are still unclear. Therefore, in this study, the differences in immune responses at the site of infection, i.e., the abomasal mucosa, between ASP-QuilA-vaccinated animals and QuilA-vaccinated control animals were investigated on a transcriptomic level by using a whole-genome bovine microarray combined with histological analysis. Sixty-nine genes were significantly impacted in animals protected by the vaccine, 48 of which were upregulated. A correlation study between the parasitological parameters and gene transcription levels showed that the transcription levels of two of the upregulated genes, those for granulysin (GNLY) and granzyme B (GZMB), were negatively correlated with cumulative fecal egg counts and total worm counts, respectively. Both genes were also positively correlated with each other and with another upregulated gene, that for the IgE receptor subunit (FCER1A). Surprisingly, these three genes were also correlated significantly with CMA1, which encodes a mast cell marker, and with counts of mast cells and cells previously described as globule leukocytes. Furthermore, immunohistochemical data showed that GNLY was present in the granules of globule leukocytes and that it was secreted in mucus. Overall, the results suggest a potential role for granule exocytosis by globule leukocytes, potentially IgE mediated, in vaccine-induced protection against O. ostertagi. C1 [Van Meulder, Frederik; Van Coppernolle, Stefanie; Borloo, Jimmy; Rinaldi, Manuela; Vercruysse, Jozef; Claerebout, Edwin; Geldhof, Peter] Univ Ghent, Fac Vet Med, Dept Virol Parasitol & Immunol, Merelbeke, Belgium. [Li, Robert W.] ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Chiers, Koen] Univ Ghent, Fac Vet Med, Dept Pathol Bacteriol & Avian Dis, Merelbeke, Belgium. [Van den Broeck, Wim] Univ Ghent, Fac Vet Med, Dept Morphol, Merelbeke, Belgium. RP Geldhof, P (reprint author), Univ Ghent, Fac Vet Med, Dept Virol Parasitol & Immunol, Merelbeke, Belgium. EM peter.geldhof@UGent.be FU Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology (IWT Vlaanderen); EU FX This work was supported by the Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology (IWT Vlaanderen) and the EU 7th Framework Program (PARAVAC project). NR 56 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 81 IS 5 BP 1798 EP 1809 DI 10.1128/IAI.01298-12 PG 12 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 126AE UT WOS:000317582700041 PM 23478322 ER PT J AU Herndon, DR Ueti, MW Reif, KE Noh, SM Brayton, KA Agnes, JT Palmer, GH AF Herndon, David R. Ueti, Massaro W. Reif, Kathryn E. Noh, Susan M. Brayton, Kelly A. Agnes, Joseph T. Palmer, Guy H. TI Identification of Multilocus Genetic Heterogeneity in Anaplasma marginale subsp centrale and Its Restriction following Tick-Borne Transmission SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID OUTER-MEMBRANE PROTEINS; ANDERSONI ACARI; SURFACE; MIDGUT; RICKETTSIALES; CONSERVATION; EXPRESSION; EFFICIENCY; VARIANTS; IXODIDAE AB Anaplasma marginale subsp. centrale was the first vaccine used to protect against a rickettsial disease and is still in widespread use a century later. As its use preceded development of either cryopreservation or cell culture, the vaccine strain was maintained for decades by sequential passage among donor animals, excluding the natural tick-borne transmission cycle that provides a selective pressure or population "bottleneck." We demonstrated that the vaccine strain is genetically heterogeneous at 46 chromosomal loci and that heterogeneity was maintained upon inoculation into recipient animals. The number of variants per site ranged from 2 to 11 with a mean of 2.8/locus and a mode and median of 2/locus; variants included single-nucleotide polymorphisms, insertions/deletions, polynucleotide tracts, and different numbers of perfect repeats. The genetic heterogeneity is highly unlikely to be a result of strain contamination based on analysis using a panel of eight gene markers with a high power for strain discrimination. In contrast, heterogeneity appears to be a result of genetic drift in the absence of the restriction of tick passage. Heterogeneity could be reduced following tick passage, and the reduced heterogeneity could be maintained in sequential intravenous and tick-borne passages. The reduction in vaccine strain heterogeneity following tick passage did not confer an enhanced transmission phenotype, indicating that a stochastically determined population bottleneck was likely responsible as opposed to a positive selective pressure. These findings demonstrate the plasticity of an otherwise highly constrained genome and highlight the role of natural transmission cycles in shaping and maintaining the bacterial genome. C1 [Herndon, David R.; Ueti, Massaro W.; Noh, Susan M.] ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Pullman, WA USA. [Reif, Kathryn E.; Noh, Susan M.; Brayton, Kelly A.; Agnes, Joseph T.; Palmer, Guy H.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Reif, Kathryn E.; Noh, Susan M.; Brayton, Kelly A.; Agnes, Joseph T.; Palmer, Guy H.] Washington State Univ, Paul G Allen Sch Global Anim Hlth, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Palmer, GH (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM gpalmer@vetmed.wsu.edu FU NIH [AI044005, GM008336, AI07025]; Wellcome Trust [GR075800M]; BARD [US4187-09C]; USDA ARS [5348-32000-03300D/ 01S] FX This work was supported by NIH AI044005, Wellcome Trust GR075800M, BARD US4187-09C, and USDA ARS 5348-32000-03300D/ 01S. J. T. Agnes was supported in part by a NIH Fellowship in Protein Biotechnology (GM008336), and K. E. Reif was supported by a NIH Fellowship in Infectious Diseases (AI07025). NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 81 IS 5 BP 1852 EP 1858 DI 10.1128/IAI.00199-13 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 126AE UT WOS:000317582700046 PM 23509140 ER PT J AU Abrams, SA AF Abrams, Steven A. TI Targeting Dietary Vitamin D Intakes and Plasma 25-Hydroxyvitamin D in Healthy Infants SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID CALCIUM-ABSORPTION; CHILDREN C1 [Abrams, Steven A.] Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, ARS, Dept Pediat,USDA, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Abrams, Steven A.] Texas Childrens Hosp, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Abrams, SA (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, ARS, Dept Pediat,USDA, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM sabrams@bcm.edu OI Abrams, Steven/0000-0003-4972-9233 NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 1 PY 2013 VL 309 IS 17 BP 1830 EP 1831 DI 10.1001/jama.2013.4149 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 134SU UT WOS:000318235600032 PM 23632728 ER PT J AU Walker, LR Shiels, AB Bellingham, PJ Sparrow, AD Fetcher, N Landau, FH Lodge, DJ AF Walker, Lawrence R. Shiels, Aaron B. Bellingham, Peter J. Sparrow, Ashley D. Fetcher, Ned Landau, Fred H. Lodge, Deborah J. TI Changes in abiotic influences on seed plants and ferns during 18 years of primary succession on Puerto Rican landslides SO JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE catchment; determinants of plant community diversity and structure; disturbance; diversity; erosion; hurricane; scrambling fern; slope; structural equation modelling; tree fern; tropical forest ID MONTANE RAIN-FORESTS; LITTER DECOMPOSITION; NATURAL DISTURBANCES; LUQUILLO MOUNTAINS; HURRICANE IMPACTS; TROPICAL FOREST; GAP DYNAMICS; SOIL; REGENERATION; VEGETATION AB Abiotic variables are critical drivers of succession in most primary seres, but how their influence on biota changes over time is rarely examined. Landslides provide good model systems for examining abiotic influences because they are spatially and temporally heterogeneous habitats with distinct abiotic and biotic gradients and post-landslide erosion. In an 18-year study on 6 Puerto Rican landslides, we used structural equation models to interpret the changing effects of abiotic influences (landslide dimensions, slope, aspect, elevation, parent material and related soil properties) on seed plants (density and diversity), tree fern density, scrambling fern cover, canopy openness and soil development (nitrogen, soil organic matter, pH and cation exchange capacity). Seven years after landslide formation, catchment size (the landslide area above the point of measurement) was the key abiotic factor influencing plants. The larger the catchment the greater was the diversity and density of seed plants. Conversely, the smaller the catchment the greater was the density of tree ferns and the cover of scrambling ferns. Eighteen years after landslide formation, landslide slope was the key abiotic influence. The greater the slope, the lower was the density and diversity of seed plants and the greater was the scrambling fern cover. Aspect, particularly east-facing slopes exposed to wind disturbances, positively influenced tree fern densities at both 7 and 18years and negatively influenced seed plants and scrambling ferns at 18years. Soils were least developed, that is, had lowest soil nitrogen and organic matter concentrations, after 18years on steep slopes (like seed plants); soils were most developed near landslide edges, on hurricane-exposed slopes (like tree ferns) and where there were high soil potassium concentrations. Synthesis. Abiotic variables have important influences on plant succession on landslides and the relative influence of different abiotic variables changes with time. Improved predictability of temporal dynamics will rely not only on understanding the effects of initial disturbances and subsequent biological responses but also on the different and changing influences exerted by each abiotic variable. C1 [Walker, Lawrence R.; Landau, Fred H.] Univ Nevada, Sch Life Sci, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. [Shiels, Aaron B.] USDA APHIS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Hawaii Field Stn, Hilo, HI 96721 USA. [Bellingham, Peter J.] Landcare Res, Lincoln 7640, New Zealand. [Sparrow, Ashley D.] CSIRO Ecosyst Sci, Alice Springs, NT 0871, Australia. [Fetcher, Ned] Wilkes Univ, Inst Environm Sci & Sustainabil, Wilkes Barre, PA 18766 USA. [Lodge, Deborah J.] US Forest Serv, Ctr Forest Mycol Res, No Res Stn, USDA, Luquillo, PR 00773 USA. RP Walker, LR (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Sch Life Sci, 4505 Maryland Pkwy, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. EM walker@unlv.nevada.edu RI Sparrow, Ashley/D-7872-2011 FU NSF [BSR-8811902, DEB 9411973, DEB-00805238, DEB 0218039]; U.S. Forest Service (Department of Agriculture); University of Puerto Rico; New Zealand's Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment FX We gratefully acknowledge the long-term dedication of the technicians of the El Verde Field Station to this project led by Maria Aponte and Rafael de Leon and also including Pedro Anglada Cordero, John Bithorn, Samuel Matta and Liz Neris. We further acknowledge both the specific contributions to this project and the broader contributions to landslide and tropical ecology by our deceased colleagues, Clyde Asbury and Bruce Haines. Substantial logistical support was provided by the staff personnel at the El Verde Field Station and the Institute of Tropical Ecology, including Nick Brokaw, Hilda Lugo, Alonso Ramirez, Jill Thompson and Jess Zimmerman. Eda Melendez and her data management staff played a critical role in maintaining this long-term data set. Lauren Kaminski helped analyse the soils. Paul Klawinski, Matt Larsen, Klaus Mehltreter, Joanne Sharpe, Maria Uriarte, Michael Willig and two anonymous reviewers offered helpful comments on the manuscript. This project was funded by the NSF grants BSR-8811902, DEB 9411973, DEB-00805238 and DEB 0218039 to the Institute of Tropical Ecology and to the International Institute of Tropical Forestry as part of the Long-Term Ecological Research Program in the Luquillo Experimental Forest. The U.S. Forest Service (Department of Agriculture), the University of Puerto Rico and core funding for Crown Research Institutes from New Zealand's Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment's Science and Innovation Group gave additional support. NR 87 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 67 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-0477 J9 J ECOL JI J. Ecol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 101 IS 3 BP 650 EP 661 DI 10.1111/1365-2745.12071 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 134CH UT WOS:000318186800011 ER PT J AU Porto-Fett, ACS Pierre, J Shoyer, BA Luchansky, JB AF Porto-Fett, A. C. S. Pierre, J. Shoyer, B. A. Luchansky, J. B. TI Effect of Storage Temperatures and Cooking Times on Viability of Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coliO157:H7 Inoculated in/on Goetta SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SAFETY LA English DT Article ID PORK SCRAPPLE; COLI O157-H7; CROSS-CONTAMINATION; BEEF PATTIES; SALMONELLA; SURVIVAL; INACTIVATION; VALIDATION; SURFACE; GROWTH AB The viability of a five-strain cocktail of Listeria monocytogenes or Escherichia coliO157:H7 was separately evaluated in/on goetta, a sausage-like meat product, both during extended refrigerated storage and following cooking. At 4C, L.monocytogenes numbers increased from ca. 1.4 to 8.4log cfu/g over 90 days, whereas E.coliO157:H7 numbers remained relatively unchanged. At 12C, L.monocytogenes and E.coliO157:H7 numbers increased from ca. 1.4 to 9.0log cfu/g over 28 days. After cooking for 2 to 6min per side at an external temperature of 176.7C, reductions of 0.7 to 6.6log cfu/g were observed for L.monocytogenes and E.coliO157:H7. Although goetta supported the growth/survival of L.monocytogenes and E.coliO157:H7 during refrigerated storage, a 5-log reduction of both pathogens was achieved by cooking the product for at least 5min per side at the manufacturer's recommended internal temperature of 73.8C. Practical Applications Although there have been no reported recalls/illnesses associated with goetta, a specialty/ethnic meat enjoyed as a breakfast item, information is lacking to confirm if goetta would support the growth/survival of foodborne pathogens such as L.monocytogenes and E.coliO157:H7. Thus, we determined if goetta would provide a favorable environment for persistence of these pathogens and, if so, would consumer reheating/storage practices be sufficient to kill any cells of either pathogen that might be present. Our data highlight the importance for proper storage and cooking of specialty/ethnic products such as goetta to extend shelf life and ensure wholesomeness. In this regard, it is significant from a public health perspective that goetta supported growth/survival of L. monocytogenes and E. coli O157:H7, and more importantly that cooking goetta at specific time/temperature combinations can achieve a 5-log reduction of both pathogens. These data may be useful for establishing consumer guidelines for storing and cooking/reheating goetta prior to consumption. C1 [Porto-Fett, A. C. S.; Shoyer, B. A.; Luchansky, J. B.] ARS, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Pierre, J.] Delaware State Univ, Dover, DE 19901 USA. RP Porto-Fett, ACS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM anna.portofett@ars.usda.gov FU USDA; Service, Eastern Regional Research Center (Wyndmoor, PA); Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2012-68003-30155] FX Special thanks are extended to John Phillips, Peggy Tomasula and Gaylen Uhlich (USDA/ARS/ERRC, Wyndmoor, PA), Tim Mohr (USDA/FSIS, Washington, DC) and Steve Campano (Hawkins Inc., Minneapolis, MN) for their assistance and/or technical expertise. This research was supported, in part, by a USDA 1890's Institution Capacity Building Grant awarded to Delaware State University, Dover, Delaware, and, in part, by the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center (Wyndmoor, PA). This project was also supported, in part, by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2012-68003-30155 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1745-4565 J9 J FOOD SAFETY JI J. Food Saf. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 33 IS 2 BP 128 EP 136 DI 10.1111/jfs.12032 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 133BX UT WOS:000318113500004 ER PT J AU Bauchart-Thevret, C Stoll, B Benight, NM Olutoye, O Lazar, D Burrin, DG AF Bauchart-Thevret, Caroline Stoll, Barbara Benight, Nancy M. Olutoye, Oluyinka Lazar, David Burrin, Douglas G. TI Supplementing Monosodium Glutamate to Partial Enteral Nutrition Slows Gastric Emptying in Preterm Pigs SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDE-2; ACID BREATH TEST; FREE AMINO-ACIDS; WEIGHT-GAIN; HUMAN-MILK; NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS; DIETARY GLUTAMATE; INTESTINAL GROWTH; NEONATAL PIGLETS; INFANT PIGS AB Emerging evidence suggests that free glutamate may play a functional role in modulating gastroduodenal motor function. We hypothesized that supplementing monosodium glutamate (MSG) to partial enteral nutrition stimulates gastric emptying in preterm pigs. Ten-day-old preterm, parenterally fed pigs received partial enteral nutrition (25%) as milk-based formula supplemented with MSG at 0, 1.7, 3.0, and 4.3 times the basal protein-bound glutamate intake (468 mg.kg(-1).d(-1)) from d 4 to 8 of life (n = 5-8). Whole-body respiratory calorimetry and C-13-octanoic acid breath tests were performed on d 4, 6, and 8. Body weight gain, stomach and intestinal weights, and arterial plasma glutamate and glutamine concentrations were not different among the MSG groups. Arterial plasma glutamate concentrations were significantly higher at birth than after 8 d of partial enteral nutrition. Also at d 8, the significant portal-arterial concentration difference in plasma glutamate was substantial (similar to 500 mu mol/L) among all treatment groups, suggesting that there was substantial net intestinal glutamate absorption in preterm pigs. MSG supplementation dose-dependently increased gastric emptying time and decreased breath (CO2)-C-13 enrichments, (CO2)-C-13 production, percentage of (CO2)-C-13 recovery/h, and cumulative percentage recovery of C-13-octanoic acid. Circulating glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) concentration was significantly increased by MSG but was not associated with an increase in intestinal mucosal growth. In contrast to our hypothesis, our results suggest that adding MSG to partial enteral nutrition slows the gastric emptying rate, which may be associated with an inhibitory effect of increased circulating GLP-2. J. Nutr. 143: 563-570, 2013. C1 [Bauchart-Thevret, Caroline; Stoll, Barbara; Benight, Nancy M.; Burrin, Douglas G.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Olutoye, Oluyinka; Lazar, David] Texas Childrens Hosp, Baylor Coll Med, Div Pediat Surg, Michael E DeBakey Dept Surg, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Burrin, Douglas G.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Sect Pediat Gastroenterol Hepatol & Nutr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Burrin, DG (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM dburrin@bcm.edu OI Benight, Nancy/0000-0001-7321-3187 FU Ajinomoto Co., Inc.; USDA/ARS [58-6250-6-001]; Texas Medical Center Digestive Diseases Center (NIH) [P30 DK-56338] FX This work is a publication of the USDA/Agricultural Research Service (ARS) Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX. This work was supported in part by a grant from Ajinomoto Co., Inc.; federal funds from the USDA/ARS under Cooperative Agreement No. 58-6250-6-001; and the Texas Medical Center Digestive Diseases Center (NIH grant P30 DK-56338). The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USDA, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the US government. NR 56 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 143 IS 5 BP 563 EP 570 DI 10.3945/jn.112.167783 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 132GU UT WOS:000318056700002 PM 23446960 ER PT J AU Zeng, HW Liu, J Jackson, MI Zhao, FQ Yan, L Combs, GF AF Zeng, Huawei Liu, Jun Jackson, Matthew I. Zhao, Feng-Qi Yan, Lin Combs, Gerald F., Jr. TI Fatty Liver Accompanies an Increase in Lactobacillus Species in the Hind Gut of C57BL/6 Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID BILE-ACIDS; OBESITY; MICROBIOTA; DISEASE; MOUSE; PCR; BACTERIA; PATHWAY; CANCER; GENES AB High-fat (HF) diets can produce obesity and have been linked to the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and changes in the gut microbiome. To test the hypothesis that HF feeding increases certain predominant hind gut bacteria and development of steatohepatitis, C57BL/6 mice were fed an HF (45% energy) or low-fat (LF) (10% energy) diet for 10 wk. At the end of the feeding period, body weights in the HF group were 34% greater than those in the LF group (P < 0.05). These changes were associated with dramatic increases in lipid droplet number and size, inflammatory cell infiltration, and inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase protein concentration in the livers of mice fed the HF diet. Consistent with the fatty liver phenotype, plasma leptin and tumor necrosis factor-alpha concentrations were also elevated in mice fed the HF diet, indicative of chronic inflammation. Eight of 12 pairs of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers for bacterial species that typically predominate hind gut microbial ecology generated specific PCR products from the fecal DNA samples. The amount of DNA from Lactobacillus gasseri and/or Lactobacillus taiwanensis in the HF group was 6900-fold greater than that in the LF group. Many of these bacteria are bile acid resistant and are capable of bile acid deconjugation. Because bile acids are regulators of hepatic lipid metabolism, the marked increase of gut L. gasseri and/or L. taiwanensis species bacteria with HF feeding may play a role in development of steatohepatitis in this model. J. Nutr. 143: 627-631, 2013. C1 [Zeng, Huawei; Jackson, Matthew I.; Yan, Lin; Combs, Gerald F., Jr.] ARS, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND USA. [Liu, Jun] Mayo Clin Arizona, Metab Hlth Program, Scottsdale, AZ USA. [Zhao, Feng-Qi] Univ Vermont, Dept Anim Sci, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. RP Zeng, HW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND USA. EM huawei.zeng@ars.usda.gov OI yan, lin/0000-0003-3646-6374 FU USDA FX Supported by the USDA. Mention of a trademark or proprietary product does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the USDA and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that may also be suitable. NR 40 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 31 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 143 IS 5 BP 627 EP 631 DI 10.3945/jn.112.172460 PG 5 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 132GU UT WOS:000318056700011 PM 23486979 ER PT J AU McKeown, NM Jacques, PF Seal, CJ de Vries, J Jonnalagadda, SS Clemens, R Webb, D Murphy, LA van Klinken, JW Topping, D Murray, R Degeneffe, D Marquart, LF AF McKeown, Nicola M. Jacques, Paul F. Seal, Chris J. de Vries, Jan Jonnalagadda, Satya S. Clemens, Roger Webb, Densie Murphy, Lee Anne van Klinken, Jan-Willem Topping, David Murray, Robyn Degeneffe, Dennis Marquart, Leonard F. TI Whole Grains and Health: from Theory to Practice-Highlights of the Grains for Health Foundation's Whole Grains Summit 2012(1,2) SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; POPULATION-BASED COHORT; SERUM-LIPID RESPONSE; DIETARY FIBER; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; COLORECTAL-CANCER; IN-VITRO; NATIONAL-HEALTH AB The Grains for Health-Foundation's Whole Grains Summit, held May 19-22, 2012 in Minneapolis, was the first meeting of its kind to convene >300 scientists, educators, food technologists, grain breeders, food manufacturers, marketers, health professionals, and regulators from around the-world. Its goals were-to identify potential avenues for collaborative efforts and formulate. new approaches to whole-grains research and health communications that support global public health and business. This paper summarizes some of the challenges and opportunities that researchers and nutrition educators face in expanding the knowledge base on whole grains and health and in translating and disseminating that knowledge to consumers. The consensus of the summit was that effective, long-term, public-private partnerships are needed to reach across the globe and galvanize the whole-grains community to collaborate effectively in translating whole-grains science into strategies-that increase the availability and affordability of more healthful, grain-based food products. A prerequisite of that is the need to build trust among diverse multidisciplinary professionals involved-in the growing, producing, marketing, and regulating, of whole-grain products and between the grain and public health communities. J. Nutr. 143: 744S-758S, 2013. C1 [McKeown, Nicola M.; Jacques, Paul F.] Tufts Univ, Nutr Epidemiol Program, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Seal, Chris J.] Newcastle Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr, Sch Agr Food & Rural Dev, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. [de Vries, Jan] HEALTHGRAIN Forum, Nutr Solut, Gorssel, Netherlands. [Jonnalagadda, Satya S.] Bell Inst Hlth & Nutr, Golden Valley, MN USA. [Clemens, Roger] Univ So Calif, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Clemens, Roger] Inst Food Technologists, Chicago, IL USA. [Webb, Densie] Nutr & Hlth Commun, Austin, TX USA. [Murphy, Lee Anne] Manitoba Agrihlth Res Network, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. [van Klinken, Jan-Willem] PepsiCo, Barrington, IL USA. [Topping, David] CSIRO, CSIRO Anim Food & Hlth Sci, Adelaide, SA, Australia. [Murray, Robyn] Grains & Legumes Nutr Council, N Ryde, NSW, Australia. [Degeneffe, Dennis] Consumer Centr Solut LLC, St Paul, MN USA. [Marquart, Leonard F.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Food Sci & Nutr, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Marquart, Leonard F.] Grains Hlth Fdn, St Louis Pk, MN USA. RP Marquart, LF (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Food Sci & Nutr, 1334 Eckles Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM lmarquar@umn.edu NR 113 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 25 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 143 IS 5 BP 744S EP 758S DI 10.3945/jn.112.172536 PG 15 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 132GU UT WOS:000318056700026 PM 23514771 ER PT J AU Smith, KP Budde, A Dill-Macky, R Rasmusson, DC Schiefelbein, E Steffenson, B Wiersma, JJ Wiersma, JV Zhang, B AF Smith, K. P. Budde, A. Dill-Macky, R. Rasmusson, D. C. Schiefelbein, E. Steffenson, B. Wiersma, J. J. Wiersma, J. V. Zhang, B. TI Registration of 'Quest' Spring Malting Barley with Improved Resistance to Fusarium Head Blight SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID BLOTCH; WHEAT AB 'Quest' (Reg No. CV-348, PI 663183) is a spring, six-rowed, malting barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) released by the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station in January 2010 on the basis of its improved resistance to Fusarium head blight [FHB; caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe; teleomorph Gibberella zeae (Schwein) Petch]. Quest was developed over three breeding cycles of selection for yield, malting quality, and FHB resistance. Disease resistance traces to the Midwest cultivar MNBrite and the two-rowed accession from China Zhedar1. Quest has about half the level of disease and about 40% less of the associated mycotoxin, deoxynivalenol, compared to the historically important cultivar in the region 'Robust'. Quest is similar in yield to the current dominant varieties in the region and was approved as a malting variety by the American Malting Barley Association. C1 [Smith, K. P.; Rasmusson, D. C.; Schiefelbein, E.; Wiersma, J. J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Budde, A.] USDA ARS, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53705 USA. [Dill-Macky, R.; Steffenson, B.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Wiersma, J. V.] Northwest Res & Outreach Ctr, Crookston, MN USA. [Zhang, B.] Zhejiang Univ, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. RP Smith, KP (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, 409 Borlaug Hall,1991 Upper Buford Cir, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM smith376@umn.edu OI Steffenson, Brian/0000-0001-7961-5363 FU American Malting Barley Association; Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station; USDA HATCH project [MIN-13-030]; USDA-ARS [59-0790-4-120] FX The University of Minnesota barley breeding program is supported in part by the American Malting Barley Association, the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, the USDA HATCH project MIN-13-030, and the USDA-ARS Agreement No. 59-0790-4-120. This is a cooperative project with the U.S. Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 18 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 7 IS 2 BP 125 EP 129 DI 10.3198/jpr2012.03.0200crc PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 130XO UT WOS:000317953600001 ER PT J AU Waldron, BL Larson, SR Peel, MD Jensen, KB Mukimov, TC Rabbimov, A ZoBell, DR Wang, RC Smith, RC Harrison, RD Davenport, BW AF Waldron, Blair L. Larson, Steven R. Peel, Michael D. Jensen, Kevin B. Mukimov, Tolib C. Rabbimov, Abdulla ZoBell, Dale R. Wang, Richard C. Smith, Rob C. Harrison, R. Deane Davenport, Burke W. TI 'Snowstorm', a New Forage Kochia Cultivar with Improved Stature, Productivity, and Nutritional Content for Enhanced Fall and Winter Grazing SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID BEEF-COWS; GRASSES AB 'Snowstorm' (Reg. No. CV-8, PI 666938) forage kochia [Bassia prostrata (L.) A.J. Scott; syn. Kochia prostrata (L.) Schrad.] was released on 22 Mar. 2012 by the USDA-ARS and the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station. Snowstorm was evaluated as OTVSEL and Otavny-select and was developed as a synthetic cultivar using two cycles of recurrent selection for stature, forage production, and adaptation to semiarid environments. Snowstorm was compared with the standard forage kochia cultivar, Immigrant, and other ARS experimental forage kochia populations. Research has shown that Immigrant can increase rangeland productivity three-to sixfold and provides critical protein (>70 g kg(-1)) during the fall and winter for livestock and wildlife; however, Immigrant is easily covered by snow because of its short stature. In field comparisons with Immigrant, Snowstorm was similar to Immigrant in establishment and adaptation on semiarid rangelands but was 64% taller (77 versus 47 cm), produced 68% more forage (2526 versus 1504 kg ha(-1)), and had a 22% higher protein content (79 versus 65 g kg(-1)) and 4% higher digestibility (674 versus 648 g kg(-1)) (P <= 0.05). Furthermore, DNA fingerprinting showed that Snowstorm, Immigrant, and experimental populations were genetically unique and distinct from each other. Snowstorm is named for its ability to extend the grazing season into the fall and winter and because it provides ranchers and land managers a new, taller, more productive, more nutritious forage kochia cultivar capable of increasing carrying capacity and nutritional content of fall and winter grazinglands, including locations where snow cover had limited forage kochia use in the past. C1 [Waldron, Blair L.; Larson, Steven R.; Peel, Michael D.; Jensen, Kevin B.; Wang, Richard C.; Smith, Rob C.] USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Mukimov, Tolib C.; Rabbimov, Abdulla] Uzbek Res Inst Karakul Sheep Breeding & Ecol Dese, Samarkand, Uzbekistan. [ZoBell, Dale R.] Utah State Univ, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Harrison, R. Deane] USDA NRCS, Hyrum, UT USA. [Davenport, Burke W.] USDA NRCS, Fillmore, UT USA. RP Waldron, BL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, 695 North 1100 East, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM blair.waldron@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 7 IS 2 BP 140 EP 150 DI 10.3198/jpr2012.08.0020crc PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 130XO UT WOS:000317953600004 ER PT J AU Carlson, GR Berg, JE Stougaard, RN Eckhoff, JL Lamb, PF Kephart, KD Wichman, DM Miller, JH Riveland, NR Nash, DL Grey, WE Jin, Y Kolmer, JA Chen, X Bai, G Bruckner, PL AF Carlson, G. R. Berg, J. E. Stougaard, R. N. Eckhoff, J. L. Lamb, P. F. Kephart, K. D. Wichman, D. M. Miller, J. H. Riveland, N. R. Nash, D. L. Grey, W. E. Jin, Y. Kolmer, J. A. Chen, X. Bai, G. Bruckner, P. L. TI Registration of 'Bearpaw' Wheat SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article AB 'Bearpaw' (Reg. No. CV-1083, PI 665228) hard red winter (HRW) wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was developed and released by the Montana Agricultural Experiment Station in September 2011. Bearpaw is of unknown pedigree, derived from a composite of five crosses made to the same F-1 male sterile parent in 1999: Dominant male sterile (DMS)/'Rampart'//'Pronghorn'/3/2*Rampart, DMS/Rampart//Pronghorn/3/Rampart/4/MTW9806, DMS/Rampart//Pronghorn/3/Rampart/4/'Nuplains', DMS/Rampart//Pronghorn/3/Rampart/4/MT9513, DMS/Rampart//Pronghorn/3/Rampart/4/MT98113. Bearpaw was developed using a modified bulk-breeding method and selected as an F-5:6 headrow. Bearpaw was tested under the experimental number MTS0721 from 2007 to 2011 in Montana. Quality has been evaluated in multilocation Montana trials since 2007. Bearpaw is a high-yielding, solid-stem, semidwarf (Rht-B1b) HRW wheat cultivar with medium maturity, medium to high test weight and grain protein, and acceptable milling and baking quality. Bearpaw was released for its host-plant resistance to wheat stem sawfly (Cephus cinctus Nort.) conditioned by stem solidness, along with short stature and improved yield potential relative to existing solid-stem cultivars adapted to Montana. C1 [Carlson, G. R.; Lamb, P. F.] Northern Agr Res Ctr, Havre, MT 59501 USA. [Berg, J. E.; Nash, D. L.; Grey, W. E.; Bruckner, P. L.] Montana State Univ, Dep Plant Sci & Plant Pathol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Stougaard, R. N.] Northwestern Agr Res Ctr, Kalispell, MT 59901 USA. [Eckhoff, J. L.] Eastern Agr Res Ctr, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. [Kephart, K. D.] Southern Agr Res Ctr, Huntley, MT 59037 USA. [Wichman, D. M.] Cent Agr Res Ctr, Moccasin, MT 59462 USA. [Miller, J. H.] Western Triangle Agr Res Ctr, Conrad, MT 59425 USA. [Riveland, N. R.] Williston Res Extens Ctr, Williston, ND 58801 USA. [Jin, Y.; Kolmer, J. A.] USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Chen, X.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Bai, G.] Kansas State Univ, USDA ARS, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Bruckner, PL (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Dep Plant Sci & Plant Pathol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. EM bruckner@montana.edu FU Montana Agricultural Experiment Station; Montana Wheat and Barley Committee; Hatch project [MONB00298] FX Bearpaw was developed with financial support of the Montana Agricultural Experiment Station, the Montana Wheat and Barley Committee, and Hatch project MONB00298. The authors wish to acknowledge the technical assistance of Ron Ramsfield, Jackie Kennedy, and Harvey Teslaa. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 7 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 7 IS 2 BP 180 EP 183 DI 10.3198/jpr2012.07.0009crc PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 130XO UT WOS:000317953600010 ER PT J AU Glover, KD Rudd, JC Devkota, RN Hall, RG Jin, Y Osborne, LE Ingemansen, JA Turnipseed, EB Rickertsen, JR Hareland, GA AF Glover, K. D. Rudd, J. C. Devkota, R. N. Hall, R. G. Jin, Y. Osborne, L. E. Ingemansen, J. A. Turnipseed, E. B. Rickertsen, J. R. Hareland, G. A. TI Registration of 'Forefront' Wheat SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID RESISTANCE AB To maximize acceptance, new hard red spring wheat (HRSW; Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars require high agronomic and end-use quality as well as good disease resistance. The objective of this research was to release a HRSW cultivar with competitive grain yield, grain volume weight (GVW), and grain protein concentration (GPC), and several competitive end-use quality characteristics and acceptable levels of resistance to Fusarium head blight (FHB) [caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe; telomorph Gibberella zeae (Schwein.) Petch]. 'Forefront' (Reg. No. CV-1082, PI 664483) HRSW was developed at South Dakota State University (SDSU) and released by the South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station (SDAES) in February 2012. The cross FN1700-155/FN1500-074//'Walworth' (PI 630938) was made during spring 2001. Both FN1700-155 and FN1500-074 are unreleased experimental breeding lines developed by the SDSU-HRSW breeding program. Walworth was released by the SDAES in fall 2000. The population was advanced via an early-generation bulk-testing program where F-4:6 seed was included in the 2005 preliminary yield trial and the line was designated SD3997. SD3997 also was tested in the advanced yield trial from 2006 through 2011. Forefront was released for its combination of high yield potential, GVW, GPC, and high bread loaf volume in conjunction with low flour ash content and deoxynivalenol accumulation than other HRSW cultivars developed by the SDSU-HRSW breeding program. C1 [Glover, K. D.; Hall, R. G.; Ingemansen, J. A.; Turnipseed, E. B.; Rickertsen, J. R.] S Dakota State Univ, Plant Sci Dep, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Rudd, J. C.; Devkota, R. N.] Ctr Agr Res & Extens, West Amarillo, TX 79106 USA. [Jin, Y.] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Jin, Y.] Univ Minnesota, Dep Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Osborne, L. E.] Pioneer HiBred Int Inc, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. [Hareland, G. A.] USDA ARS, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Glover, KD (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Plant Sci Dep, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. EM Karl.Glover@sdstate.edu FU South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station; South Dakota Wheat Commission; South Dakota Crop Improvement Association; U.S. Department of Agriculture [59-0206-9-052] FX The authors wish to thank J. Kleinjan, and J. Thomas with the SDSU-HRSW breeding program for their assistance in the development of Forefront. Forefront was developed with partial financial support from the South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station, South Dakota Wheat Commission, South Dakota Crop Improvement Association, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture, under Agreement No. 59-0206-9-052. This is a cooperative project with the U.S. Wheat & Barley Scab Initiative. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the USDA. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 7 IS 2 BP 184 EP 190 DI 10.3198/jpr2012.07.0007crc PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 130XO UT WOS:000317953600011 ER PT J AU Carlson, GR Berg, JE Kephart, KD Wichman, DM Lamb, PF Miller, JH Stougaard, RN Eckhoff, JL Riveland, NR Nash, DL Grey, WE Jin, Y Kolmer, JA Chen, X Bai, G Bruckner, PL AF Carlson, G. R. Berg, J. E. Kephart, K. D. Wichman, D. M. Lamb, P. F. Miller, J. H. Stougaard, R. N. Eckhoff, J. L. Riveland, N. R. Nash, D. L. Grey, W. E. Jin, Y. Kolmer, J. A. Chen, X. Bai, G. Bruckner, P. L. TI Registration of 'Judee' Wheat SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article AB 'Judee' (Reg. No. CV-1084, PI 665227) hard red winter (HRW) wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was developed and released by the Montana Agricultural Experiment Station in September 2011. Judee has the pedigree 'Vanguard'/'Norstar'//'Judith' dwarf selection/3/'NuHorizon'. Judee was developed using a modified bulk-breeding method and selected as an F-5:6 headrow. Judee was tested under the experimental number MTS0713 from 2007 to 2011 in Montana. Quality was evaluated in multilocation Montana trials since 2007. Judee is a solid-stem, high-yielding HRW wheat line with medium to high test weight, medium maturity, reduced height (Rht-B1b), medium to high grain protein, and acceptable milling and baking quality. Judee was released for its host-plant resistance to wheat stem sawfly (Cephus cinctus Nort.) conditioned by stem solidness, along with short stature and improved yield potential relative to existing solid-stem cultivars adapted to Montana. C1 [Carlson, G. R.; Lamb, P. F.] Northern Agr Res Ctr, Havre, MT 59501 USA. [Berg, J. E.; Nash, D. L.; Grey, W. E.; Bruckner, P. L.] Montana State Univ, Dep Plant Sci & Plant Pathol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Kephart, K. D.] Southern Agr Res Ctr, Huntley, MT 59037 USA. [Wichman, D. M.] Cent Agr Res Ctr, Moccasin, MT 59462 USA. [Miller, J. H.] Western Triangle Agr Res Ctr, Conrad, MT 59425 USA. [Stougaard, R. N.] Northwestern Agr Res Ctr, Kalispell, MT 59901 USA. [Eckhoff, J. L.] Eastern Agr Res Ctr, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. [Riveland, N. R.] Williston Res Extens Ctr, Williston, ND 58801 USA. [Jin, Y.; Kolmer, J. A.] USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Chen, X.] USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Bai, G.] USDA ARS, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Bruckner, PL (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Dep Plant Sci & Plant Pathol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. EM bruckner@montana.edu FU Montana Agricultural Experiment Station; Montana Wheat and Barley Committee; Hatch project [MONB00298] FX Judee was developed with financial support of the Montana Agricultural Experiment Station, the Montana Wheat and Barley Committee, and Hatch project MONB00298. The authors wish to acknowledge the technical assistance of Ron Ramsfield, Jackie Kennedy, and Harvey Teslaa. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 7 IS 2 BP 191 EP 194 DI 10.3198/jpr2012.07.0015crc PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 130XO UT WOS:000317953600012 ER PT J AU Carter, AH Jones, SS Lyon, SR Balow, KA Shelton, GB Higginbotham, RW Chen, XM Engle, DA Baik, B Guy, SO Murray, TD Morris, CF AF Carter, A. H. Jones, S. S. Lyon, S. R. Balow, K. A. Shelton, G. B. Higginbotham, R. W. Chen, X. M. Engle, D. A. Baik, B. Guy, S. O. Murray, T. D. Morris, C. F. TI Registration of 'Otto' Wheat SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID PUCCINIA-STRIIFORMIS; RESISTANCE; IDENTIFICATION; GENE AB Resistance to strawbreaker foot rot (caused by Oculimacula yallundae Crous & W. Gams and O. acuformis Crous & W. Gams) and to stripe rust (caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend. f. sp. tritici Eriks.) are important traits for winter wheat cultivars produced in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. The objective of this research was to develop an adapted winter wheat cultivar with highly effective resistance to both diseases. 'Otto' (Reg. No. CV-1087, PI 667557) soft white winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was developed and released in September 2011 by the Agricultural Research Center of Washington State University. Otto was tested under the experimental designations J980218, J980218-6, and WA008092, which were assigned through progressive generations of advancement. Otto is a semidwarf cultivar adapted to the low rainfall (<300 mm of average annual precipitation), unirrigated wheat production regions of Washington. Otto is resistant to strawbreaker foot rot, has high-temperature, adult-plant resistance to the stripe rust pathogen, is tolerant to both speckled (caused by Typhula ishikariensis S. Imai) and pink [caused by Microdochium nivale (Fr.:Fr.) Samuels & I. C. Hallett] snow molds, is intermediate in height, has midseason maturity, and has a high test weight and grain yield potential. Otto has end-use quality properties similar or superior to those of 'Stephens', 'Brundage 96', and 'Xerpha'. C1 [Carter, A. H.; Jones, S. S.; Lyon, S. R.; Balow, K. A.; Shelton, G. B.; Higginbotham, R. W.; Baik, B.; Guy, S. O.] Washington State Univ, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chen, X. M.; Engle, D. A.; Morris, C. F.] USDA ARS, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Murray, T. D.] Washington State Univ, Dep Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Carter, AH (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM ahcarter@wsu.edu FU USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-68002-30029]; Washington State Grain Commission; Washington State Agriculture Research Center FX We greatly appreciate the dedicated assistance of the following support personnel who assisted with field testing, quality assessment, and disease screening during the development of this cultivar: Tracy Harris (WSU), Kent Evans (USDA-ARS), and Henry Wetzel (WSU). Molecular marker work was supported by the National Research Initiative Competitive Grants CAP project 2011-68002-30029 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. We are grateful to the Washington State Grain Commission and the Washington State Agriculture Research Center for providing funding for this research. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 7 IS 2 BP 195 EP 200 DI 10.3198/jpr2012.07.0013crc PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 130XO UT WOS:000317953600013 ER PT J AU Martin, TJ Zhang, GR Fritz, AK Miller, R Chen, MS AF Martin, Terry J. Zhang, Guorong Fritz, Allan K. Miller, Rebecca Chen, Ming-Shun TI Registration of 'Tiger' Wheat SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article AB 'Tiger' (Reg. No. CV-1085, PI 661995) hard white winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was developed at the Agricultural Research Center-Hays, Kansas State University and released by the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station in 2010. Tiger was selected from a three-way cross, KS98H245/'Trego'//KS98HW518, made in 1999 at Hays, KS. The objective of this cross was to develop a hard white winter wheat cultivar with the adaptation to the dryland production system in western Kansas. Tiger is an F-6-derived line with the experimental number KS05HW136-3-1. Tiger was released because of its high grain-yield potential under unirrigated conditions in western Kansas, its good disease and insect resistance, and its superior bread-baking and noodle qualities. C1 [Martin, Terry J.; Zhang, Guorong] Kansas State Univ, Agr Res Ctr Hays, Hays, KS 67601 USA. [Fritz, Allan K.] Kansas State Univ, Dep Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Miller, Rebecca] Kansas State Univ, Dep Grain Sci & Ind, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Chen, Ming-Shun] Kansas State Univ, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, USDA ARS, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Zhang, GR (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Agr Res Ctr Hays, Hays, KS 67601 USA. EM gzhang@ksu.edu FU Kansas Wheat Commission; Kansas Crop Improvement Association FX The contribution number for this paper is 13-061-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station. Research was supported in part by the Kansas Wheat Commission and the Kansas Crop Improvement Association. The authors thank C. Seaman, A. Stegman, farmer cooperators, and colleagues at the KSU Research and Extension Stations for their help in conducting trials to evaluate Tiger. NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 7 IS 2 BP 201 EP 204 DI 10.3198/jpr2012.09.0032crc PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 130XO UT WOS:000317953600014 ER PT J AU Bechere, E Meredith, WR Boykin, JC AF Bechere, Efrem Meredith, William R. Boykin, J. Clif TI Registration of Mutant Population MD 15 M4 Gossypium hirsutum L. with Enhanced Fiber Quality SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID UPLAND COTTON; GERMPLASM; LINES AB Mutant population MD 15 M4 (Reg. No. GP-957, PI 665638) is a unique mutant germplasm population of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). This germplasm was developed by the USDA-ARS, Stoneville, MS and released in June 2012. In 2008, about 5000 seeds of a germplasm line, MD 15, were chemically mutagenized with 3.2% v/v of ethyl methanesulfonate. The treated seeds were hand planted in the field at Lubbock, TX in 2008 to produce the M-1. One boll was hand picked from each of about 2000 surviving M-1 plants, and this bulk was planted at Stoneville in 2009 to produce the M-2. In 2010, the M-3 was generated by the same procedure. In 2011, one boll from each plant was bulked and labeled MD 15 M4. In 2010 and 2011, random samples of the M-3 and M-4, along with the unmutated parent were planted in replicated progeny rows, and fiber length, fiber strength, uniformity, micronaire, and seed index were measured. Significant sample variances between the mutants and parent were observed for lint percentage, fiber strength, and micronaire in 2011. The higher standard deviation for fiber strength of the mutants (40.5) than that of the parent (38.7) indicated that the data points are spread out over a larger range of values for the mutants. We believe that chemical mutagenesis can be used as one of the tools to help improve some of the economically important traits in cotton. C1 [Bechere, Efrem] USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. USDA ARS, Cotton Ginning Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Bechere, E (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM efrem.bechere@ars.usda.gov FU ARS Project [6402-21000-033-00D] FX This research is part of the National Program 301 (Plant Genetic Resources, Genomics and Genetic Improvement) and was funded through ARS Project Number 6402-21000-033-00D. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this registration publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 7 IS 2 BP 216 EP 219 DI 10.3198/jpr2012.07.0006crg PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 130XO UT WOS:000317953600017 ER PT J AU McCarty, JC Jenkins, JN Wubben, MJ Gutierrez, OA Hayes, RW Callahan, FE Deng, D AF McCarty, J. C., Jr. Jenkins, J. N. Wubben, M. J. Gutierrez, O. A. Hayes, R. W. Callahan, F. E. Deng, D. TI Registration of Three Germplasm Lines of Cotton Derived from Gossypium barbadense L. Accession GB713 with Resistance to the Reniform Nematode SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID CHROMOSOMES; MUTANT; GENES AB Three upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) germplasm lines, M713 Ren1 (Reg. No. GP-958, PI 665928), M713 Ren2 (Reg. No. GP-959, PI 665929), and M713 Ren5 (Reg. No. GP-960, PI 665930) resistant to the reniform nematode, Rotylenchulus reniformis Linford and Oliveria were developed and jointly released by the USDA-ARS and the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station in 2012. The day-neutral, reniform-resistant germplasm lines originated from the photoperiodic G. barbadense L. accession GB713 and were selected using the tightly linked simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers GH 132, BNL 3279, and BNL 569. Egg production of the reniform nematode was suppressed to approximately 90% below that of the susceptible check, 'Deltapine 61' in greenhouse tests. The lines exhibit considerable differences for agronomic and fiber traits such as length, strength and micronaire, and with their high level of resistance they should be valuable to cotton breeding programs. The successful use of marker assisted selection for these specific SSR markers further validates their use in the selection of resistant plants in segregating generations. C1 [McCarty, J. C., Jr.; Jenkins, J. N.; Wubben, M. J.; Hayes, R. W.; Callahan, F. E.; Deng, D.] USDA ARS, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Gutierrez, O. A.] USDA ARS, Miami, FL 33158 USA. RP McCarty, JC (reprint author), USDA ARS, POB 5367, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM jack.mccarty@ars.usda.gov NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 7 IS 2 BP 220 EP 223 DI 10.3198/jpr2012.08.0024crg PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 130XO UT WOS:000317953600018 ER PT J AU Jenkins, JN McCarty, JC Gutierrez, OA Hayes, RW Jones, DC AF Jenkins, J. N. McCarty, J. C., Jr. Gutierrez, O. A. Hayes, R. W. Jones, D. C. TI Registration of RMBUP-C4, a Random-Mated Population with Gossypium barbadense L. Alleles Introgressed into Upland Cotton Germplasm SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID CHROMOSOME SUBSTITUTION LINES; CULTIVARS; TOPCROSSES; MUTANT AB RMBUP-C4 (random-mated barbadense Upland population cycle 4) (Reg. No. GP-961, PI 665950) is a unique random-mated germplasm population of Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) with introgression of G. barbadense L. alleles. This population involved five cycles of random mating beginning with 53 top-crossed F-1 lines. The germplasm was developed through cooperative research by the USDA-ARS, the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station, and Cotton Incorporated. The cultivars 'Sure-Grow 747' (PVP 9800118), 'PSC 355', and 'FM 966' (PVP 200100209) were each crossed with 18 lines with chromosome substitution from G. barabadense (CS-B); however, the seed of PSC 355 x CS-B22sh was lost, resulting in 53 topcross populations. The bulked-pollen method of pollination was used in the development, and there were five cycles of random mating with the intercrossing of F-1 lines considered as cycle zero. After each cycle of random mating, F-1 lines were combined on the basis of the original CS-B parents, thus producing 18 individual populations. These were planted as 18 individual populations and randomly mated among populations each additional cycle. Because the CS-B lines were each euploid chromosome substitution lines with entire chromosomes or arms from G. barbadense substituted into Upland, we should have achieved considerable introgression of alleles from G. barbadense into this randomly mated population. This population should be of value to cotton breeders and geneticists across the U. S. Cotton Belt as a unique population with G. barbadense introgression. C1 [Jenkins, J. N.; McCarty, J. C., Jr.; Hayes, R. W.] USDA ARS, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Gutierrez, O. A.] Mississippi State Univ, Dep Plant & Soil Sci, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Jones, D. C.] Cotton Inc, Cary, NC USA. RP Jenkins, JN (reprint author), USDA ARS, POB 5367, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM johnie.jenkins@ars.usda.gov FU Cotton Incorporated FX Partial funding for this development and evaluation of this population was furnished by Cotton Incorporated. NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 7 IS 2 BP 224 EP 228 DI 10.3198/jpr2012.08.0028crg PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 130XO UT WOS:000317953600019 ER PT J AU Panella, L Lewellen, RT McGrath, JM AF Panella, Lee Lewellen, R. T. McGrath, J. M. TI Registration of FC1028, FC1037, FC1038, and FC1036 Multigerm Sugarbeet Germplasm with Multiple Disease Resistances SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID CERCOSPORA LEAF-SPOT; RHIZOCTONIA ROOT-ROT; BETICOLA; ASSOCIATION; SUCROSE; WEIGHT; YIELD AB FC1028 (Reg. No. GP-282, PI 665053), FC1036 (Reg. No. GP-283, PI 665054), FC1037 (Reg. No. GP-284, PI 665055), and FC1038 (Reg. No. GP-285, PI 665056) sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.) germplasms were released and developed by the USDA-ARS, at Fort Collins, CO, Salinas, CA, and East Lansing, MI, in cooperation with the Beet Sugar Development Foundation, Denver, CO. All four germplasms are diploid, multigerm sugarbeet populations in normal cytoplasm, segregating for self-sterility (Sf:SsSs), multigermity (M:mm), hypocotyl color (R:rr) and the gene (Rz1:rz1rz1),which confers resistance to some strains of rhizomania. C1 [Panella, Lee] USDA ARS, Northern Plains Area, Crops Res Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Lewellen, R. T.] USDA ARS, Pacific West Area, Crop Improvement & Protect Res, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. [McGrath, J. M.] Michigan State Univ, USDA ARS, Sugarbeet & Bean Unit, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Panella, L (reprint author), USDA ARS, Northern Plains Area, Crops Res Lab, 1701 Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM Lee.Panella@ars.usda.gov FU Beet Sugar Development Foundation; California Beet Growers Association; Western Sugar Cooperative FX We thank the Beet Sugar Development Foundation, the California Beet Growers Association, and the Western Sugar Cooperative for their support of the USDA-ARS breeding programs at Fort Collins, CO, East Lansing, MI, and Salinas, CA. Tests at Shakopee and Rosemount, MN were conducted by M. Rekoske and J. Miller, Betaseed, Inc. and reaction to BCTV was tested in the BSDF beet curly top nursery at Kimberly, ID and evaluated by USDA-ARS scientists C. Strausbaugh, A. Gillen, and I. Eujayl. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this report is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U. S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 8 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 7 IS 2 BP 229 EP 237 DI 10.3198/jpr2012.06.0002crg PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 130XO UT WOS:000317953600020 ER PT J AU Laudencia-Chingcuanco, D AF Laudencia-Chingcuanco, Debbie TI Registration of Dy10-DLC Wheat SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID GLUTENIN SUBUNIT COMPOSITION; BREAD-MAKING QUALITY; DEFICIENT; MUTANT; LINES; L. AB Dy10-DLC (Reg. No. GP-964, PI 667096) wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was developed by the USDA-ARS at the Western Regional Research Center in Albany, CA. Dy10-DLC was identified from an ethyl-methanesulfonate-mutagenized population of the elite hexaploid wheat cultivar Summit by screening M3 seeds for altered storage protein profiles using one-dimensional SDS-PAGE. Dy10-DLC is distinct from the wild-type progenitor line by the absence of the high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (HMW-GS) Dy10 protein. Examination by mixography of the effect of Dy10 protein deficiency on dough rheological properties showed shorter mixing time to reach peak resistance relative to the wild-type control. The HMW-GS proteins are major determinants of wheat dough processing qualities. The different alleles of the HMW-GS genes in bread wheat vary in their effect on dough quality. Wheat lines deficient in the individual HMW-GS will allow the determination of the contributions of each allele to dough quality. C1 USDA ARS WRRC, Genom & Gene Discovery Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Laudencia-Chingcuanco, D (reprint author), USDA ARS WRRC, Genom & Gene Discovery Unit, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM debbie.laudencia@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS CRIS Project [5325-21000-015D] FX The excellent technical assistance of the following student interns who helped screen for mutants is greatly appreciated: Adaku Ude, Naz Nami, Lily Lim, Sokchea Pheng, and Joshua Speetzen. The author especially thanks student interns Selina Totanes and Jenny Balayan for their excellent technical assistance in carrying out the mixo-graph experiments; Drs. Deven See (Pullman, WA) and Shiaoman Chao (Fargo, ND) for genotyping of the lines; Drs. Diane Beckles and Oswaldo Chicaiza (UC-Davis) and their students and staff who helped in the fieldwork; and Drs. Grace Chen and Sylvia Hua for the critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by the USDA-ARS CRIS Project 5325-21000-015D. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Specific product names mentioned in this article does not constitute an endorsement and does not imply a recommendation over other suitable products. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 7 IS 2 BP 238 EP 241 DI 10.3198/jpr2012.08.0019crg PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 130XO UT WOS:000317953600021 ER PT J AU Sherman, JD Lanning, SP See, D Talbert, LE AF Sherman, Jamie D. Lanning, Susan P. See, Deven Talbert, Luther E. TI Registration of Near-Isogenic Spring Wheat Germplasm with All Combinations of Homozygous R-Locus Genotypes SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID SEED-COAT COLOR; GRAIN COLOR; GENES; LINES AB Montana State University announces the release of two sets of near-isogenic lines of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) containing all homozygous combinations of alleles at the R loci for seed color to provide materials for dissecting the impact of allelic variation at individual loci. Marker-assisted selection was used to develop all possible homozygous genotypes at the BC 5 generation after introducing alleles for white seed into lines homozygous for alleles causing red seed. The following sets of lines were developed, where the letter a indicates homozygosity for the a allele for white seed color and the letter b indicates homozygosity for the b allele for red seed color at R-A1, R-B1, and R-D1, respectively. Near-isogenic derivatives of 'Choteau' include JS16 (aaa) (Reg. No. GP-951, PI 665699), JS2 (abb) (Reg. No. GP-953, PI 665701), JS15 (aab) (Reg. No. GP-950, PI 665698), JS18 (aba) (Reg. No. GP-952, PI 665700), JS5 (baa) (Reg. No. GP-963, PI 665711), JS28 (bba) (Reg. No. GP-954, PI 665702), JS13 (bab) (Reg. No. GP-948, PI 665696), and JS14 (bbb) (Reg. No. GP-949, PI 665697). Near-isogenic derivatives of 'Vida' include JS37 (aaa) (Reg. No. GP-960, PI 665708), JS36 (abb) (Reg. No. GP-959, PI 665707), JS35 (aab) (Reg. No. GP-958, PI 665706), JS32 (aba) (Reg. No. GP-955, PI 665703), JS40 (baa) (Reg. No. GP-961, PI 665709), JS49 (bba) (Reg. No. GP-962, PI 665710), JS33 (bab) (Reg. No. GP-956, PI 665704), and JS34 (bbb) (Reg. No. GP-957, PI 665705). These lines will be useful for determining the impact of allelic variation at specific R loci on seed-related traits in hard wheat. C1 [Sherman, Jamie D.; Lanning, Susan P.; Talbert, Luther E.] Montana State Univ, Plant Sci & Plant Pathol Dep, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [See, Deven] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Western Reg Small Grain Genotyping Lab, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Talbert, LE (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Plant Sci & Plant Pathol Dep, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. EM usslt@montana.edu FU Montana Board of Research and Commercialization; USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-68002-30029] FX This research was supported by the Montana Board of Research and Commercialization and USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture award 2011-68002-30029. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 7 IS 2 BP 242 EP 244 DI 10.3198/jpr2012.07.0018crg PG 3 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 130XO UT WOS:000317953600022 ER PT J AU Sattler, SE Toy, JJ Okeno, JA Funnell-Harris, DL Pedersen, JF AF Sattler, Scott E. Toy, John J. Okeno, James Aketch Funnell-Harris, Deanna L. Pedersen, Jeffrey F. TI Registration of N614, A(3)N615, N616, and N617 Shattercane Genetic Stocks with Cytoplasmic or Nuclear Male Sterility and Juicy or Dry Midribs SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID TRANSGENIC SORGHUM; L.; INTERFERENCE; PLANTS; FLOW AB Four shattercane [Sorghum bicolor subsp. drummondii (Nees ex Steud.) de Wet ex Davidse] genetic stocks-N614 (Reg. No. GS-652, PI 665684), A(3)N615 (Reg. No. GS-651, PI 665683), N616 (Reg. No. GS-653, PI 665685), and N617 (Reg. No. GS-654, PI 665686)-with A(3) cytoplasmic male sterility or the nuclear male sterility gene ms(3) containing either juicy (dd) or dry (DD) culms were developed jointly by the USDA-ARS; the Iowa Agricultural and Home Economics Experiment Station, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Iowa State University; and the Agricultural Research Division, Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Nebraska. The stocks were released in July 2011. The source material for these genetic stocks was isolated from an archetypical shattercane population found near Lincoln, NE. Release of these genetic stocks makes available shattercane lines with both A(3) cytoplasmic male sterility, and ms(3) genetic (nuclear) male sterility to facilitate crossing. These genetic stocks also contain juicy (dd) or dry (DD) culms, a visible genetic marker to facilitate screening progeny resulting from crosses. The genetic stocks have immediate application for basic research involving gene flow from cultivated sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] to shattercane and on the fitness of offspring resulting from such crosses. C1 [Sattler, Scott E.; Toy, John J.; Funnell-Harris, Deanna L.; Pedersen, Jeffrey F.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Okeno, James Aketch] Iowa State Univ, Seed Sci Ctr, Ames, IA USA. RP Sattler, SE (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, 137 Keim, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM scott.sattler@ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 11 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 7 IS 2 BP 245 EP 249 DI 10.3198/jpr2012.09.0033crgs PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 130XO UT WOS:000317953600023 ER PT J AU Campbell, LG Fugate, KK AF Campbell, Larry G. Fugate, Karen K. TI Registration of F1025, F1026, and F1027 Sugarbeet Genetic Stocks with Low Concentrations of Sodium, Potassium, or Amino Nitrogen SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID SUCROSE; QUALITY; PURITY AB F1025 (Reg. No. GS-9, PI 665408), F1026 (Reg. No. GS-10, PI 665409), and F1027 (Reg. No. GS-11, PI 665410) sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.) genetic stocks, which were selected for low concentrations of sodium, potassium, and amino nitrogen, respectively, in the roots, were released by the USDA-ARS and the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station, North Dakota State University, Fargo, on 29 Aug. 2011. Sodium, potassium, and amino nitrogen are naturally occurring constituents of sugarbeet roots that prevent processors from extracting a portion of the sucrose in the root. F1025, F1026, and F1027 were selected from a common parental population formed by crossing a cytoplasmic male-sterile monogerm breeding line with plants from a heterogeneous multigerm population that included some B. maritima L. in its parentage. The 8-yr average sodium concentration of F1025 was 57% of the average sodium concentration of the parental population; the average potassium concentration of F1026 was 73% of the potassium concentration of the parental population; and the amino nitrogen concentration of F1027 was 76% of the parental population. Compared with the parental population, the sodium concentration rose 11% and the potassium concentration fell 6% in conjunction with the reduced amino nitrogen concentration of F1027. Selection for low sodium or potassium concentrations did not affect the other two impurity components. The average sucrose concentration of F1025 exceeded that of the parental population by 4 g kg(-1). Selecting for low potassium or amino nitrogen concentration had no affect on sucrose concentration. C1 [Campbell, Larry G.; Fugate, Karen K.] USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. RP Campbell, LG (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, 1605 Albrecht Blvd N, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM larry.campbell@ars.usda.gov OI Fugate, Karen/0000-0001-9543-6832 NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 7 IS 2 BP 250 EP 256 DI 10.3198/jpr2012.10.0045crgs PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 130XO UT WOS:000317953600024 ER PT J AU Jauhar, PP Peterson, TS AF Jauhar, Prem P. Peterson, Terrance S. TI Registration of DGE-3, a Durum Wheat Disomic Substitution Line 1E(1B) Involving a Wheatgrass Chromosome SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID FUSARIUM HEAD BLIGHT; ADDITION LINE; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; DERIVATIVES; MARKERS; HYBRIDS; GENOME; SSR; MAP AB Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L., 2n = 4x = 28; AABB genomes) alien disomic substitution 1E(1B) line DGE-3 (Reg. No. GS-172, PI 665473) was developed by the USDA-ARS, Northern Crop Science Lab, Cereal Crops Research Unit, Fargo, ND and released in 2012. It was derived from the durum alien disomic addition line DGE-1 (2n = 28 + 2) having 28 durum chromosomes and the chromosome pair 1E of diploid wheatgrass, Lophopyrum elongatum (Host) A. Love. The pedigree of DGE-3 is PI 645483/'Langdon' 1D(1B)*5. By crossing DGE-1 (PI 645483) with durum disomic substitution line 1D(1B), we produced hybrid derivatives with univalents of chromosomes 1B, 1D, and 1E. We selfed the hybrid derivatives five times and screened each generation for durum homoeologues 1A and 1B. We tested these hybrid derivatives for the presence of the alien chromosome 1E and for the absence of 1D. Using the chromosome-specific molecular marker Xwmc333 for identifying chromosome 1A, Xwgm18 for 1B, Xwmc147 for 1D, and Xedm17 for 1E, we isolated a durum disomic alien substitution line 1E(1B), which is fertile and stable and has been released as a new genetic stock, DGE-3. This substitution line has 2n = 28 chromosomes that consist of 26 durum chromosomes plus the wheatgrass chromosome pair, 1E, which compensates for the missing 1B pair of Langdon. The disomic substitution forms 14 bivalents and is meiotically regular and fertile. C1 [Jauhar, Prem P.; Peterson, Terrance S.] USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. RP Jauhar, PP (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM prem.jauhar@ndsu.edu NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 7 IS 2 BP 257 EP 259 DI 10.3198/jpr2012.09.0030crgs PG 3 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 130XO UT WOS:000317953600025 ER PT J AU Bonifacio, HF Maghirang, RG Razote, EB Trabue, SL Prueger, JH AF Bonifacio, Henry F. Maghirang, Ronaldo G. Razote, Edna B. Trabue, Steven L. Prueger, John H. TI Comparison of AERMOD and WindTrax dispersion models in determining PM10 emission rates from a beef cattle feedlot SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID AMMONIA EMISSIONS AB Reverse dispersion modeling has been used to determine air emission fluxes from ground-level area sources, including open-lot beef cattle feedlots. This research compared Gaussian-based AERMOD, the preferred regulatory dispersion model of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and WindTrax, a backward Lagrangian stochastic-based dispersion model, in determining PM10 emission rates for a large beef cattle feedlot in Kansas. The effect of the type of meteorological data was also evaluated. Meteorological conditions and PM10 concentrations at the feedlot were measured with micrometeorological/eddy covariance instrumentation and tapered element oscillating microbalance (TEOM) PM10 monitors, respectively, from May 2010 through September 2011. Using the measured meteorological conditions and assuming a unit emission flux (i.e., 1 mu g/m(2)-sec), each model was used to calculate PM10 concentrations (referred to as unit-flux concentrations). PM10 emission fluxes were then back-calculated using the measured and calculated unit-flux PM10 concentrations. For AERMOD, results showed that the PM10 emission fluxes determined using the two different meteorological data sets evaluated (eddy covariance-derived and AERMET-generated) were basically the same. For WindTrax, the two meteorological data sets (sonic anemometer data set, a three-variable data set composed of wind parameters, surface roughness, and atmospheric stability) also produced basically the same PM10 emission fluxes. Back-calculated emission fluxes from AERMOD were 32 to 69% higher than those from WindTrax. Implications: This work compared the PM10 emission rates determined from a large commercial cattle feedlot in Kansas by reverse dispersion modeling using AERMOD and WindTrax. Emission fluxes derived from AERMOD were greater than those from WindTrax by mean factors of 1.3 to 1.6. Based on the high linearity observed between the two models, emission fluxes derived from one dispersion model for the purpose of simulating dispersion could be applied to the other model using appropriate conversion factors. C1 [Bonifacio, Henry F.; Maghirang, Ronaldo G.; Razote, Edna B.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Trabue, Steven L.; Prueger, John H.] ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, USDA, Ames, IA USA. [Trabue, Steven L.; Prueger, John H.] ARS, Soil Water & Air Resources Res Unit, USDA, Ames, IA USA. RP Maghirang, RG (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM rmaghir@k-state.edu OI Trabue, Steven/0000-0002-4584-5790 FU USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture FX This study was supported by USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. Technical assistance provided by Darrell Oard, Dr. Li Guo, Dr. Orlando Aguilar, Howell Gonzales, and Curtis Leiker of Kansas State University; Dr. Kenwood Scoggin of U. S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Ames, IA; and Dr. Bernardo Predicala of Prairie Swine Centre Inc., Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada, is acknowledged. Cooperation of feedlot operators and KLA Environmental Services, Inc., is also acknowledged. This is contribution no. 13-063-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 33 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 25 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1096-2247 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PD MAY 1 PY 2013 VL 63 IS 5 BP 545 EP 556 DI 10.1080/10962247.2013.768311 PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 133OU UT WOS:000318148900006 PM 23786146 ER PT J AU Segundo, FDS Dias, CCA Moraes, MP Weiss, M Perez-Martin, E Owens, G Custer, M Kamrud, K de los Santos, T Grubman, MJ AF Segundo, Fayna Diaz-San Dias, Camila C. A. Moraes, Mauro P. Weiss, Marcelo Perez-Martin, Eva Owens, Gary Custer, Max Kamrud, Kurt de los Santos, Teresa Grubman, Marvin J. TI Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Replicon Particles Can Induce Rapid Protection against Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID INNATE IMMUNE-RESPONSE; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS; ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY; INTERFERON-ALPHA; SUBUNIT VACCINE; III INTERFERON; IN-VIVO; CHALLENGE; MICE; FMDV AB We have previously shown that delivery of the porcine type I interferon gene (poIFN-alpha/beta) with a replication-defective human adenovirus vector (adenovirus 5 [Ad5]) can sterilely protect swine challenged with foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) 1 day later. However, the need of relatively high doses of Ad5 limits the applicability of such a control strategy in the livestock industry. Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEE) empty replicon particles (VRPs) can induce rapid protection of mice against either homologous or, in some cases, heterologous virus challenge. As an alternative approach to induce rapid protection against FMDV, we have examined the ability of VRPs containing either the gene for green fluorescent protein (VRP-GFP) or poIFN-alpha (VRP-poIFN-alpha) to block FMDV replication in vitro and in vivo. Pretreatment of swine or bovine cell lines with either VRP significantly inhibited subsequent infection with FMDV as early as 6 h after treatment and for at least 120 h posttreatment. Furthermore, mice pretreated with either 10(7) or 10(8) infectious units of VRP-GFP and challenged with a lethal dose of FMDV 24 h later were protected from death. Protection was induced as early as 6 h after treatment and lasted for at least 48 h and correlated with induction of an antiviral response and production of IFN-alpha. By 6 h after treatment several genes were upregulated, and the number of genes and the level of induction increased at 24 h. Finally, we demonstrated that the chemokine IP-10, which is induced by IFN-alpha and VRP-GFP, is directly involved in protection against FMDV. C1 [Segundo, Fayna Diaz-San; Dias, Camila C. A.; Weiss, Marcelo; Perez-Martin, Eva; de los Santos, Teresa; Grubman, Marvin J.] ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, North Atlantic Area, USDA, Greenport, NY USA. [Dias, Camila C. A.; Weiss, Marcelo; Perez-Martin, Eva] PIADC Res Participat Program, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Moraes, Mauro P.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Pathobiol & Vet Sci, Storrs, CT USA. [Owens, Gary; Custer, Max; Kamrud, Kurt] AlphaVax, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Grubman, MJ (reprint author), ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, North Atlantic Area, USDA, Greenport, NY USA. EM marvin.grubman@ars.usda.gov RI Weiss, Marcelo/I-1274-2012 OI Weiss, Marcelo/0000-0001-7902-3210 FU Plum Island Animal Disease Research Participation Program; CRIS project, ARS, USDA [1940-32000-057-00D]; Science and Technology Directorate of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security [HSHQDC-09-X00373, HSHQDC-11-X-00189] FX This research was supported in part by the Plum Island Animal Disease Research Participation Program administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. Department of Agriculture (appointments of C.C.A.D., M.W., and E.P.-M.), by CRIS project number 1940-32000-057-00D, ARS, USDA (M.J.G. and T.D.L.S.), and by grants through an interagency agreement with the Science and Technology Directorate of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security under Award Numbers HSHQDC-09-X00373 and HSHQDC-11-X-00189 (M.J.G. and T.D.L.S). NR 40 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X EI 1098-5514 J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 87 IS 10 BP 5447 EP 5460 DI 10.1128/JVI.03462-12 PG 14 WC Virology SC Virology GA 133QT UT WOS:000318155000012 ER PT J AU Womack, KM Amelon, SK Thompson, FR AF Womack, Kathryn M. Amelon, Sybill K. Thompson, Frank R. TI Resource selection by Indiana bats during the maternity season SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE discrete choice; foraging; Indiana bat; Missouri; Myotis sodalis; resource selection ID DISCRETE-CHOICE MODELS; MYOTIS-SODALIS; INTRASPECIFIC VARIATION; FORAGING BEHAVIOR; SUMMER HABITAT; UNITED-STATES; HOME-RANGE; FOREST; DIET; FRAGMENTATION AB Little information exists on resource selection by foraging Indiana bats (Myotis sodalis) during the maternity season. Existing studies are based on modest sample sizes because of the rarity of this endangered species and the difficulty of radio-tracking bats. Our objectives were to determine resource selection by foraging Indiana bats during the maternity season and to compare resource use between pregnant and lactating individuals. We used an information theoretic approach with discrete choice modeling based on telemetry data to evaluate our hypotheses that land cover, percent canopy cover, distance to water, and prescribed fire affected the relative probability a point was used by a foraging Indiana bat. We fit models for individual bats and a population-level model based on all individuals with a random factor to account for differences in sample size among individuals. We radio-tracked 29 individuals and found variation in resource selection among individuals. However, among individuals with the same supported covariates, the magnitude and direction of the covariates were similar. Eighteen bats selected areas with greater canopy closure and 5 of 6 bats that had areas burned by low-intensity prescribed fire in their home range selected burned areas. Resource selection was related to land cover for 13 individuals; they selected forest and shrubland over agricultural land, which composed >50% of the landscape within 10km. We found no support for our hypothesis that resource selection was related to individual reproductive condition or Julian date in our population-level model indicating habitat selection was not determined by reproductive status or date within the maternity season. Land use or forest management that greatly reduces canopy cover may have a negative impact on Indiana bat use. Maintaining forest cover in agricultural landscapes is likely critical to persistence of maternity colonies in these landscapes. Sites managed with low severity prescribed fire may be selected by some individuals because of reduced understory vegetation. (c) 2013 The Wildlife Society. C1 [Womack, Kathryn M.] Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Amelon, Sybill K.; Thompson, Frank R.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Womack, KM (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, 302 Nat Resource Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM womackkm@missouri.edu OI Amelon, Sybill/0000-0003-3940-8153 NR 53 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 6 U2 83 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-541X EI 1937-2817 J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 77 IS 4 BP 707 EP 715 DI 10.1002/jwmg.498 PG 9 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 131WJ UT WOS:000318028100007 ER PT J AU Duarte, MS Gionbelli, MP Paulino, PVR Serao, NVL Martins, TS Totaro, PIS Neves, CA Valadares, SC Dodson, MV Zhu, M Du, M AF Duarte, M. S. Gionbelli, M. P. Paulino, P. V. R. Serao, N. V. L. Martins, T. S. Totaro, P. I. S. Neves, C. A. Valadares Filho, S. C. Dodson, M. V. Zhu, M. Du, M. TI Effects of maternal nutrition on development of gastrointestinal tract of bovine fetus at different stages of gestation SO LIVESTOCK SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Cattle; Feed-restriction; Fetal programming; Nellore; Pregnancy; Small intestine ID VISCERAL ORGAN MASS; GROWTH-RETARDATION; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; FETAL GROWTH; BEEF-COWS; SHEEP; RESTRICTION; VASCULARITY AB This study was developed aiming to evaluate the effects of maternal feed-restriction on development of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of bovine fetus at different gestational stages. Feed-restricted cows were fed 1,2 times the maintenance level while the control group was fed ad libitum. Pregnant cows were slaughtered at 136, 189, 239, and 269 days of gestation and gastrointestinal tracts of the fetuses were evaluated. No effects of maternal nutrition on body weight (P=0.17) and body length (P=0.13) of the fetuses were observed. No major effects of feed restriction on GIT mass of the fetuses were observed (P=0.51). However, the weight of small intestine per unit of body weight was 11.24% greater (P=0.04) in fetuses from restricted dams. Additionally, the length of small intestine and its villi were 12.93% and 16.44% respectively greater (P <.001) in fetuses from restricted dams compared to those from non-restricted dams. These data indicates that maternal feed-restriction does not affect the development of most of fetal gastro-intestinal parts besides small intestine which in turn increases its surface area as a response of maternal feed restriction. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Duarte, M. S.; Gionbelli, M. P.; Paulino, P. V. R.; Martins, T. S.; Valadares Filho, S. C.] Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Anim Sci, BR-36570000 Vicosa, MG, Brazil. [Gionbelli, M. P.] USDA, ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Serao, N. V. L.] Univ Illinois, Dept Anim Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Totaro, P. I. S.; Neves, C. A.] Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Anim Biol, BR-36570000 Vicosa, MG, Brazil. [Duarte, M. S.; Dodson, M. V.; Du, M.] Washington State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Zhu, M.] Washington State Univ, Sch Food Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Duarte, MS (reprint author), Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Anim Sci, BR-36570000 Vicosa, MG, Brazil. EM marcio_dsouza@hotmail.com RI Zhu, Mei-Jun/A-4248-2013; Du, Min/H-4311-2011; Duarte, Marcio/G-3815-2015; OI Du, Min/0000-0002-7232-072X; Duarte, Marcio/0000-0002-5795-6420; Pies Gionbelli, Mateus/0000-0002-5168-4794 FU FAPEMIG; CNPq; INCT Ciencia Animal; CAPES FX We thank FAPEMIG, CNPq and INCT Ciencia Animal for the financial support and CAPES for the international scholarship. NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-1413 J9 LIVEST SCI JI Livest. Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 153 IS 1-3 BP 60 EP 65 DI 10.1016/j.livsci.2013.01.006 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 132GN UT WOS:000318056000009 ER PT J AU Hower, S Phillips, MC Brodsky, M Dameron, A Tamargo, MA Salazar, NC Jackson, CR Barrett, JB Davidson, M Davis, J Mukherjee, S Ewing, RY Gidley, ML Sinigalliano, CD Johns, L Johnson, FE Adebanjo, O Plano, LRW AF Hower, Suzanne Phillips, Matthew C. Brodsky, Micah Dameron, Adrienne Tamargo, Manuel A. Salazar, Norma C. Jackson, Charlene R. Barrett, John B. Davidson, Maureen Davis, Johnnie Mukherjee, Sampa Ewing, Ruth Y. Gidley, Maribeth L. Sinigalliano, Christopher D. Johns, Lisa Johnson, Frank E., III Adebanjo, Olufunmilola Plano, Lisa R. W. TI Clonally Related Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Short-Finned Pilot Whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus), Human Volunteers, and a Bayfront Cetacean Rehabilitation Facility SO MICROBIAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PANTON-VALENTINE LEUKOCIDIN; CASSETTE CHROMOSOME MEC; MULTIPLEX PCR STRATEGY; UNITED-STATES; SKIN INFECTIONS; STRAIN USA300; NOSOCOMIAL TRANSMISSION; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; MRSA; EMERGENCE AB In May of 2011, a live mass stranding of 26 short-finned pilot whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus) occurred in the lower Florida Keys. Five surviving whales were transferred from the original stranding site to a nearby marine mammal rehabilitation facility where they were constantly attended to by a team of volunteers. Bacteria cultured during the routine clinical care of the whales and necropsy of a deceased whale included methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA and MRSA). In order to investigate potential sources or reservoirs of MSSA and MRSA, samples were obtained from human volunteers, whales, seawater, and sand from multiple sites at the facility, nearby recreational beaches, and a canal. Samples were collected on 3 days. The second collection day was 2 weeks after the first, and the third collection day was 2 months after the last animal was removed from the facility. MRSA and MSSA were isolated on each day from the facility when animals and volunteers were present. MSSA was found at an adjacent beach on all three collection days. Isolates were characterized by utilizing a combination of quantitative real-time PCR to determine the presence of mecA and genes associated with virulence, staphylococcal protein A typing, staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec typing, multilocus sequence typing, and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Using these methods, clonally related MRSA were isolated from multiple environmental locations as well as from humans and animals. Non-identical but genetically similar MSSA and MRSA were also identified from distinct sources within this sample pool. PFGE indicated that the majority of MRSA isolates were clonally related to the prototype human strain USA300. These studies support the notion that S. aureus may be shed into an environment by humans or pilot whales and subsequently colonize or infect exposed new hosts. C1 [Hower, Suzanne; Plano, Lisa R. W.] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [Hower, Suzanne; Phillips, Matthew C.; Dameron, Adrienne; Tamargo, Manuel A.; Salazar, Norma C.; Plano, Lisa R. W.] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [Brodsky, Micah] VMD Consulting, Miami, FL 33138 USA. [Jackson, Charlene R.; Barrett, John B.] ARS, Bacterial Epidemiol & Antimicrobial Resistance Re, Richard B Russell Res Ctr, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Davidson, Maureen; Davis, Johnnie; Mukherjee, Sampa] US FDA, Ctr Vet Med, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. [Ewing, Ruth Y.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Gidley, Maribeth L.; Sinigalliano, Christopher D.; Johns, Lisa; Johnson, Frank E., III; Adebanjo, Olufunmilola] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Phillips, Matthew C.; Gidley, Maribeth L.; Sinigalliano, Christopher D.; Plano, Lisa R. W.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, NSF NIEHS Oceans & Human Hlth Ctr, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Gidley, Maribeth L.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL 33149 USA. RP Plano, LRW (reprint author), Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Miami, FL 33136 USA. EM lplano@miami.edu RI Sinigalliano, Christopher/A-8760-2014; gidley, maribeth/B-8335-2014 OI Sinigalliano, Christopher/0000-0002-9942-238X; gidley, maribeth/0000-0001-9583-8073 FU Hollings Scholarship Program of the NOAA Office of Education FX We would like to thank the Marine Mammal Conservancy for their assistance and cooperation during this study. We thank Alexander Costidis for performing the whale necropsy as well as the staff at the FWC Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, Marine Mammal Pathobiology Laboratory. We are grateful to Ari Bennett, Julie Hollenbeck, Heather Coit, Sharon Plano, Rebecca Weeks, Havek Kavoblock, Ryan Phillips, Danielle DeHowitt, and the Florida Department of Health for their assistance during the sample collections. We thank Dr. Helena Solo-Gabriele and Faiza Benahmed, for assistance in processing and storing samples. Thanks to Carlton Woods at Micrim Laboratory, Inc. for isolating MRSA from the whale samples and facilitating the transfer to University of Miami Miller School of Medicine. We also thank the Palm Beach Infectious Disease Institute for providing S. aureus clinical isolates for comparison. Additionally, we thank the Hollings Scholarship Program of the NOAA Office of Education for their support of the Hollings Scholar students involved in this project. Marine Mammal samples were collected as either diagnostic clinical samples or as salvage samples under NMFS Permit No. 932-1905/MA-009526. This publication represents the personal opinions of the authors and is not the official position of the contributing federal government agencies. No official endorsement of any product or commercial laboratory is made or implied by its use in this study. NR 128 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 5 U2 24 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0095-3628 J9 MICROB ECOL JI Microb. Ecol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 65 IS 4 BP 1024 EP 1038 DI 10.1007/s00248-013-0178-3 PG 15 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology GA 134BD UT WOS:000318183800025 PM 23508733 ER PT J AU Plano, LRW Shibata, T Garza, AC Kish, J Fleisher, JM Sinigalliano, CD Gidley, ML Withum, K Elmir, SM Hower, S Jackson, CR Barrett, JB Cleary, T Davidson, M Davis, J Mukherjee, S Fleming, LE Solo-Gabriele, HM AF Plano, Lisa R. W. Shibata, Tomoyuki Garza, Anna C. Kish, Jonathan Fleisher, Jay M. Sinigalliano, Christopher D. Gidley, Maribeth L. Withum, Kelly Elmir, Samir M. Hower, Suzanne Jackson, Charlene R. Barrett, John B. Cleary, Timothy Davidson, Maureen Davis, Johnnie Mukherjee, Sampa Fleming, Lora E. Solo-Gabriele, Helena M. TI Human-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus from a Subtropical Recreational Marine Beach SO MICROBIAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FECAL INDICATOR BACTERIA; SKIN INFECTIONS; NASAL CARRIAGE; MULTIPLEX PCR; UNITED-STATES; MANAGEMENT; MICROBES; SURVIVAL; SEAWATER; WATERS AB Reports of Staphylococcus aureus including methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) detected in marine environments have occurred since the early 1990s. This investigation sought to isolate and characterize S. aureus from marine waters and sand at a subtropical recreational beach, with and without bathers present, in order to investigate possible sources and to identify the risks to bathers of exposure to these organisms. During 40 days over 17 months, 1,001 water and 36 intertidal sand samples were collected by either bathers or investigators at a subtropical recreational beach. Methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) and MRSA were isolated and identified using selective growth media and an organism-specific molecular marker. Antimicrobial susceptibility, staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) type, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) pattern, multi-locus sequence type (MLST), and staphylococcal protein A (spa) type were characterized for all MRSA. S. aureus was isolated from 248 (37 %) bather nearby water samples at a concentration range of < 2-780 colony forming units per ml, 102 (31 %) ambient water samples at a concentration range of < 2-260 colony forming units per ml, and 9 (25 %) sand samples. Within the sand environment, S. aureus was isolated more often from above the intertidal zone than from intermittently wet or inundated sand. A total of 1334 MSSA were isolated from 37 sampling days and 22 MRSA were isolated from ten sampling days. Seventeen of the 22 MRSA were identified by PFGE as the community-associated MRSA USA300. MRSA isolates were all SCCmec type IVa, encompassed five spa types (t008, t064, t622, t688, and t723), two MLST types (ST8 and ST5), and 21 of 22 isolates carried the genes for Panton-Valentine leukocidin. There was a correlation (r = 0.45; p = 0.05) between the daily average number of bathers and S. aureus in the water; however, no association between exposure to S. aureus in these waters and reported illness was found. This report supports the concept that humans are a potential direct source for S. aureus in marine waters. C1 [Plano, Lisa R. W.; Garza, Anna C.; Hower, Suzanne] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [Plano, Lisa R. W.; Garza, Anna C.; Hower, Suzanne; Cleary, Timothy] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [Plano, Lisa R. W.; Shibata, Tomoyuki; Kish, Jonathan; Sinigalliano, Christopher D.; Gidley, Maribeth L.; Withum, Kelly; Elmir, Samir M.; Fleming, Lora E.; Solo-Gabriele, Helena M.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, NSF NIEHS Oceans & Human Hlth Ctr, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Shibata, Tomoyuki; Sinigalliano, Christopher D.; Gidley, Maribeth L.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Shibata, Tomoyuki] No Illinois Univ, Publ Hlth Program, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Shibata, Tomoyuki] No Illinois Univ, Hlth Educ Program, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Kish, Jonathan; Fleming, Lora E.] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [Fleisher, Jay M.] Nova SE Univ, Coll Osteopath Med, Publ Hlth Program, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33328 USA. [Elmir, Samir M.] Miami Dade Cty Hlth Dept, Miami, FL 33056 USA. [Jackson, Charlene R.; Barrett, John B.] ARS, Bacterial Epidemiol & Antimicrobial Resistance Re, Richard B Russell Res Ctr, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Cleary, Timothy] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [Davidson, Maureen; Davis, Johnnie; Mukherjee, Sampa] US FDA, Ctr Vet Med, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. [Fleming, Lora E.] Peninsula Coll Med & Dent, European Ctr Environm & Human Hlth, Truro TR1 3HD, Cornwall, England. [Solo-Gabriele, Helena M.] Univ Miami, Dept Civil Architectural & Environm Engn, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. RP Plano, LRW (reprint author), Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Miami, FL 33136 USA. EM lplano@miami.edu RI Sinigalliano, Christopher/A-8760-2014; gidley, maribeth/B-8335-2014; OI Sinigalliano, Christopher/0000-0002-9942-238X; gidley, maribeth/0000-0001-9583-8073; Fleisher, Jay/0000-0002-2553-2201 FU University of Miami through the Interdisciplinary Research Development Initiative; National Science Foundation (NSF); National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) Oceans and Human Health Center at the University of Miami Rosenstiel School [NSF 0CE0432368/0911373, NIEHS P50 ES12736]; NSF REU in Oceans and Human Health; NSF SGER in Oceans and Human Health [NSF SGER 0743987]; US EPA; US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Florida Departments of Health and of Environmental Protection; European Union Convergence Programme FX The University of Miami provided financial support through the Interdisciplinary Research Development Initiative. This study was also supported in part by National Science Foundation (NSF) and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) Oceans and Human Health Center at the University of Miami Rosenstiel School (NSF 0CE0432368/0911373 and NIEHS P50 ES12736] and NSF REU in Oceans and Human Health, the NSF SGER [NSF SGER 0743987] in Oceans and Human Health, the US EPA, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Florida Departments of Health and of Environmental Protection, and the European Union Convergence Programme (to ECEHH at PCMD, University of Exeter). NR 65 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 23 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0095-3628 J9 MICROB ECOL JI Microb. Ecol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 65 IS 4 BP 1039 EP 1051 DI 10.1007/s00248-013-0216-1 PG 13 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology GA 134BD UT WOS:000318183800026 PM 23553001 ER PT J AU Marcot, BG Raphael, MG Schumaker, NH Galleher, B AF Marcot, Bruce G. Raphael, Martin G. Schumaker, Nathan H. Galleher, Beth TI HOW BIG AND HOW CLOSE? HABITAT PATCH SIZE AND SPACING TO CONSERVE A THREATENED SPECIES SO NATURAL RESOURCE MODELING LA English DT Article DE Dispersal model; Northern Spotted Owl; habitat size; habitat spacing; HexSim model; threatened species ID NORTHERN SPOTTED OWL; POTENTIAL DISPERSAL CORRIDORS; FRAGMENTED LANDSCAPES; OPTIMIZING DISPERSAL; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; POPULATION; METAPOPULATION; VIABILITY; MOVEMENT; IMPACT AB . We present results of a spatially explicit, individual-based stochastic dispersal model (HexSim) to evaluate effects of size and spacing of patches of habitat of Northern Spotted Owls (NSO; Strix occidentalis caurina) in Pacific Northwest, USA, to help advise recovery planning efforts. We modeled 31 artificial landscape scenarios representing combinations of NSO habitat cluster size (range 449 NSO pairs per cluster) and edge-to-edge cluster spacing (range 7101 km), and an all-habitat landscape. We ran scenarios using empirical estimates of NSO dispersal dynamics and distances and stage class vital rates (representing current population declines) and under adult survival rates adjusted to achieve an initially stationary population. Results suggested that long-term (100-yr) habitat occupancy rates are significantly higher with habitat clusters supporting 25 NSO pairs and 15 km spacing, and with overall landscapes of 3540% habitat. Although habitat provision is key to NSO recovery, no habitat configuration provided for long-term population persistence when coupled with currently observed vital rates. Results also suggested a key role of floaters (unpaired, nonterritorial, dispersing owls) in recolonizing vacant habitat, and that the floater population segment becomes increasingly depleted with greater population declines. We suggest additional areas of modeling research on this and other threatened species. C1 [Marcot, Bruce G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland, OR 97205 USA. [Raphael, Martin G.; Galleher, Beth] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. [Schumaker, Nathan H.] US EPA, Environm Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Marcot, BG (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, 3625 93rd Ave SW, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. EM bmarcot@fs.fed.us; mraphael@fs.fed.us; Schumaker.Nathan@epamail.epa.gov; BethGalleher@fs.fed.us FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) FX We thank R. Anthony and E. Forsman for their guidance and advice on use of demographic and dispersal data. Programmers A. Brookes and K. Djang provided the code used for HexSim. We thank an anonymous reviewer, and E. Girvetz, K. McKelvey, R. Lamberson, and B. Noon for technical reviews of the manuscript. The information in this document has been funded in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory's Western Ecology Division, EPA, and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of EPA, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 48 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 73 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0890-8575 J9 NAT RESOUR MODEL JI Nat. Resour. Model. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 26 IS 2 BP 194 EP 214 DI 10.1111/j.1939-7445.2012.00134.x PG 21 WC Environmental Sciences; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mathematics GA 134CR UT WOS:000318187800004 ER PT J AU Zhao, P Zhang, SX Woeste, K AF Zhao, Peng Zhang, Shuoxin Woeste, Keith TI Genotypic data changes family rank for growth and quality traits in a black walnut (Juglans nigra L.) progeny test SO NEW FORESTS LA English DT Article DE Microsatellites; Forest genetics; Tree breeding; Open-pollination ID MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; PATERNITY INFERENCE; NATURAL-POPULATIONS; COMPUTER-PROGRAM; RELATEDNESS; IDENTIFICATION; PARENTAGE; CERVUS; LOCI AB We evaluated eight-year-old seedlings in a black walnut (Juglans nigra L.) progeny test for two quantitative and two qualitative traits. We also used 12 microsatellite markers to genotype the 328 progeny and their maternal parents. Seedling family growth and quality was evaluated based on the progeny test map. These values were compared to family growth and quality after seedlings were genotyped and reassigned to families by parentage assignment software. After genotyping and parentage analysis, about 80 % of the offspring were assigned to the same half-sib family indicated on the planting map. Considerable differences were observed between the ranks of half-sib families based on the planting-map versus the ranks of the families based on the exclusion/assignment of progeny to their family based on genotypes. Analysis of the data without genotypic assignment of progeny to their correct family revealed that the family effect for height was significant, as was family effect for diameter. After seedlings were reassigned to half-sib families based on genotypic information, neither the family effect for height nor the family effect for diameter was significant. The efficiency of the mixed model ANOVA, as measured by Akaike Information Criterion improved by about 30 % after genotyping and exclusion/reassignment of progeny. These results show that genotyping progeny can have a significant effect on the rank of families and potential selection of individuals from a progeny trial, the quality of data analysis, and the efficiency and efficacy of breeding operations. C1 [Zhao, Peng; Zhang, Shuoxin] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Forestry, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Zhao, Peng; Woeste, Keith] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, US Forest Serv, USDA,HTIRC, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Zhao, Peng] NW Univ Xian, Minist Educ, Coll Life Sci, Key Lab Resource Biol & Biotechnol Western China, Xian 710069, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Shuoxin] Qinling Natl Forest Ecosyst Res Stn, Ningshan 711600, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. RP Woeste, K (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, US Forest Serv, USDA,HTIRC, 715 West State St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM woeste@purdue.edu NR 23 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 24 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4286 J9 NEW FOREST JI New For. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 44 IS 3 BP 357 EP 368 DI 10.1007/s11056-012-9343-7 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 131OR UT WOS:000318003500004 ER PT J AU Scowcroft, PG AF Scowcroft, Paul G. TI Parent tree effects on reestablishment of Acacia koa in abandoned pasture and the influence of initial density on stand development SO NEW FORESTS LA English DT Article DE Forest restoration; Natural regeneration; Subtropical montane wet forest life zone; Even-age stands; Soil seed bank; Hawaii ID SCOTORYTHRA-PALUDICOLA LEPIDOPTERA; SEEDLING RECRUITMENT; FOREST RESTORATION; HAWAII; ESTABLISHMENT; CONSERVATION; GEOMETRIDAE; DISPERSAL; PATTERNS; GROWTH AB Increasingly private landholders in Hawaii are considering native forest restoration for their lands, and some public agencies have already started such work. Initial efforts have focused on reestablishing Acacia koa to recover alien-grass-dominated sites. This study was done in Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge, Island of Hawaii, to determine the efficacy of disk plowing to stimulate natural regeneration of koa from buried seeds. Sites with four different koa parent tree configurations were treated-single live overhead koa canopy, multiple live canopies, downed snags, and no parent koa tree. Tree growth and survival were assessed periodically over 21 years. Average initial stand densities ranged from 100 to 1,500 trees ha(-1) of scarified land, although some open areas had as few as 20 trees ha(-1). The distributions of seedlings with increasing distance from plot center were variable within and between parent tree configurations. Initial seedling density was significantly greater for the multiple-live-parent than for the no-parent configuration. Densities for the single-live and dead configurations differed from the no-parent configuration only when densities were based on the entire scarified area of each plot. Stand densities declined 10-67 % during the next 20 years. Survival was a negative, non-linear function of initial stand density. Initial stand density exerted strong control over stem diameter and crown size at age 21-years, but had little effect on the proportion of trees with single-stems. The relationships between stand basal area and density at 21 years conformed to the existing koa stocking guidelines. While moderate to high densities of natural regeneration can be expected from scarifying around live and dead koa trees, single trees or low density stands are likely in open areas. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Scowcroft, PG (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, 60 Nowelo St, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM pscowcroft@fs.fed.us NR 56 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 21 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4286 J9 NEW FOREST JI New For. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 44 IS 3 BP 409 EP 426 DI 10.1007/s11056-012-9352-6 PG 18 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 131OR UT WOS:000318003500008 ER PT J AU Mithal, A Bonjour, JP Boonen, S Burckhardt, P Degens, H El-Hajj Fuleihan, G Josse, R Lips, P Torres, JM Rizzoli, R Yoshimura, N Wahl, DA Cooper, C Dawson-Hughes, B AF Mithal, A. Bonjour, J. -P. Boonen, S. Burckhardt, P. Degens, H. El-Hajj Fuleihan, Ghada Josse, R. Lips, P. Morales Torres, J. Rizzoli, R. Yoshimura, N. Wahl, D. A. Cooper, C. Dawson-Hughes, B. CA IOF CSA Nutr Working Grp TI Impact of nutrition on muscle mass, strength, and performance in older adults SO OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Review DE Aging; IOF; Malnutrition; Muscle strength loss; Nutritional; Recommendations; Sarcopenia ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; VITAMIN-D STATUS; CHRONIC METABOLIC-ACIDOSIS; ESSENTIAL AMINO-ACIDS; GROWTH-FACTOR-I; SODIUM-BICARBONATE INGESTION; HUMAN SKELETAL-MUSCLE; CHRONIC-RENAL-FAILURE; RESISTANCE EXERCISE; PHYSICAL FUNCTION AB Muscle strength plays an important role in determining risk for falls, which result in fractures and other injuries. While bone loss has long been recognized as an inevitable consequence of aging, sarcopenia-the gradual loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength that occurs with advancing age-has recently received increased attention. A review of the literature was undertaken to identify nutritional factors that contribute to loss of muscle mass. The role of protein, acid-base balance, vitamin D/calcium, and other minor nutrients like B vitamins was reviewed. Muscle wasting is a multifactorial process involving intrinsic and extrinsic alterations. A loss of fast twitch fibers, glycation of proteins, and insulin resistance may play an important role in the loss of muscle strength and development of sarcopenia. Protein intake plays an integral part in muscle health and an intake of 1.0-1.2 g/kg of body weight per day is probably optimal for older adults. There is a moderate inverse relationship between vitamin D status and muscle strength. Chronic ingestion of acid-producing diets appears to have a negative impact on muscle performance, and decreases in vitamin B-12 and folic acid intake may also impair muscle function through their action on homocysteine. An adequate nutritional intake and an optimal dietary acid-base balance are important elements of any strategy to preserve muscle mass and strength during aging. C1 [Mithal, A.] Medanta Med, Gurgaon, India. [Bonjour, J. -P.; Rizzoli, R.] Univ Hosp Geneva, Div Bone Dis, Geneva, Switzerland. [Bonjour, J. -P.; Rizzoli, R.] Fac Med, Geneva, Switzerland. [Boonen, S.] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Ctr Metab Bone Dis, Louvain, Belgium. [Boonen, S.] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Div Geriatr Med, Louvain, Belgium. [Burckhardt, P.] Clin Bois Cerf Hirslanden, Lausanne, Switzerland. [Degens, H.] Manchester Metropolitan Univ, Inst Biomed Res Human Movement & Hlth, Manchester M15 6BH, Lancs, England. [Degens, H.] German Aerosp Ctr, Div Space Physiol, Inst Aerosp Med, Cologne, Germany. [El-Hajj Fuleihan, Ghada] Amer Univ Beirut, Med Ctr, Calcium Metab & Osteoporosis Program, Beirut, Lebanon. [Josse, R.] Univ Toronto, St Michaels Hosp, Ctr Hlth, Div Endocrinol & Metab, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada. [Lips, P.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam Med Ctr, Div Internal Med, Endocrine Sect, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Morales Torres, J.] Hosp Aranda de la Parra, Hidalgo, Leon, Mexico. [Yoshimura, N.] Univ Tokyo, Dept Joint Dis Res, 22nd Century Med & Res Ctr, Tokyo, Japan. [Wahl, D. A.] Int Osteoporosis Fdn, Nyon, Switzerland. [Cooper, C.] Univ Southampton, Southampton Gen Hosp, MRC Lifecourse Epidemiol Unit, Southampton, Hants, England. [Cooper, C.] Univ Oxford, Inst Musculoskeletal Sci, NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomed Res Unit, Oxford, England. [Dawson-Hughes, B.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Mithal, A (reprint author), Medanta Med, Sect 38, Gurgaon, India. EM ambrishmithal@hotmail.com FU International Osteoporosis Foundation FX The Nutrition Working Group of the IOF Committee of Scientific Advisors was supported by the International Osteoporosis Foundation. The help received from Maria Beloyartseva and Parjeet Kaur in the referencing is gratefully acknowledged. NR 130 TC 62 Z9 65 U1 7 U2 68 PU SPRINGER LONDON LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, 6TH FLOOR, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 0937-941X EI 1433-2965 J9 OSTEOPOROSIS INT JI Osteoporosis Int. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 24 IS 5 BP 1555 EP 1566 DI 10.1007/s00198-012-2236-y PG 12 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 135HV UT WOS:000318280100003 PM 23247327 ER PT J AU Miska, KB Kim, S Fetterer, RH Dalloul, RA Jenkins, MC AF Miska, Katarzyna B. Kim, Sungwon Fetterer, Raymond H. Dalloul, Rami A. Jenkins, Mark C. TI Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) of the protozoan parasite Eimeria influences the components of the immune system of its host, the chicken SO PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-CLONING; REGULATORY ROLE; TENELLA; PROTEIN; POULTRY; HYPERSENSITIVITY; VACCINATION; ACERVULINA; ACTIVATION; ANTIGEN AB Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a soluble factor produced by sensitized T lymphocytes that inhibits the random migration of macrophages. Homologues of MIF from invertebrates have been identified, making it an interesting molecule from a functional perspective. In the present study, the localization of a parasite MIF protein as well as its effect on the host was characterized. Western blot analysis shows that Eimeria MIF (EMIF) is found during all parasite developmental stages tested. Transmission electron microscopy shows that MIF is distributed throughout cytosol and nucleus of Eimeria acervulina merozoites. Immunohistochemical analysis suggests that EMIF may be released into the surrounding tissues as early as 24 h after infection, while later during oocyst formation, MIF expression is localized to areas immediately surrounding the oocysts, as well as in wall-forming bodies. The chemotaxis assay revealed an inhibitory function of EMIF on chicken monocyte migration. Quantitative real-time PCR was performed to examine the effect of EMIF on host immune system by measuring the transcripts of inflammatory mediators. An ex vivo stimulation study showed that E. acervulina MIF (EaMIF) enhanced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Furthermore, sequential treatment of adherent peripheral blood mononuclear cells with EaMIF, chicken MIF, and LPS in 2-h intervals led to the highest levels of interleukin (IL)-1B, chemokine CCLi3, IL-18, and interferon-gamma mRNA expression. This study shows that parasite MIF is widely expressed and may have potential effects on the immune system of the host. C1 [Miska, Katarzyna B.; Fetterer, Raymond H.; Jenkins, Mark C.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Kim, Sungwon; Dalloul, Rami A.] Virginia Tech Univ, Dept Anim & Poultry Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Miska, KB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Kate.Miska@ars.usda.gov OI Dalloul, Rami/0000-0003-4690-9220 NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0932-0113 J9 PARASITOL RES JI Parasitol. Res. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 112 IS 5 BP 1935 EP 1944 DI 10.1007/s00436-013-3345-z PG 10 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 127EH UT WOS:000317678700014 PM 23435923 ER PT J AU He, PF Li, JH Gong, PT Liu, CW Zhang, GC Yang, J Tuo, WB Yang, BT Zhang, XC AF He, Pengfei Li, Jianhua Gong, Pengtao Liu, Chengwu Zhang, Guocai Yang, Ju Tuo, Wenbin Yang, Bintong Zhang, Xichen TI Neospora caninum surface antigen (p40) is a potential diagnostic marker for cattle neosporosis SO PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; TOXOPLASMA-GONDII; DAIRY-CATTLE; ANTIBODIES; INFECTION; BOVINE; IDENTIFICATION; TRANSMISSION; PROTEIN; CHINA AB Neospora caninum is an intracellular protozoan that infects domestic and wild canids as well as many warm-blooded animals as shown by the isolation of viable parasites. The effectiveness of diagnostic tests for detecting specific antibodies against N. caninum is hampered by potential cross-reaction with other Coccidia. So, there is currently an urgent need for a sensitive and specific diagnostic assay for detecting N. caninum in animals. The N. caninum 40-kD surface antigen (p40), similar to NcSAG1 and NcSRS2, was shown to belong to surface antigen super family and thus represents an excellent marker for the diagnosis of neosporosis. In order to test the hypothesis, recombinant Ncp40 (rNcp40) was expressed in Escherichia coli, and an indirect ELISA test was developed using recombinant NCp40 antigen for N. caninum serodiagnosis. The antigen used in this study did not have cross-reactivity with anti-Toxoplasma gondii serum. Anti-p40 antibodies were detected by ELISA in the sera of Yellow cattle and were compared with (IFAT). Optimal sensitivity and specificity (98.2 and 98.6 %) were identified by IFAT. Additionally, 37 positive sera of T. gondii were detected and there was no significant difference with the negative serum of N. caninum. The rNcp40 ELISA developed here provides a specific and sensitive assay for detecting neosporosis in cattle. C1 [He, Pengfei; Li, Jianhua; Gong, Pengtao; Zhang, Guocai; Yang, Ju; Zhang, Xichen] Jilin Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Vet Med, Changchun 130062, Peoples R China. [Liu, Chengwu] Shengyang Policedog Training Sch, Shenyang 110034, Peoples R China. [Tuo, Wenbin] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Yang, Bintong] Jilin Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Changchun, Peoples R China. RP Li, JH (reprint author), Jilin Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Vet Med, 5333 Xian Rd, Changchun 130062, Peoples R China. EM Jianhuali7207@163.com; Zhangxic@public.cc.jl.cn FU Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province [20100222] FX This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province (20100222). NR 25 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0932-0113 J9 PARASITOL RES JI Parasitol. Res. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 112 IS 5 BP 2117 EP 2120 DI 10.1007/s00436-013-3309-3 PG 4 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 127EH UT WOS:000317678700039 PM 23435920 ER PT J AU Seversike, TM Sermons, SM Sinclair, TR Carter, TE Rufty, TW AF Seversike, Thomas M. Sermons, Shannon M. Sinclair, Thomas R. Carter, Thomas E., Jr. Rufty, Thomas W. TI Temperature interactions with transpiration response to vapor pressure deficit among cultivated and wild soybean genotypes SO PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM LA English DT Article ID CARBON-DIOXIDE CONCENTRATION; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTANCE; DROUGHT TOLERANCE; TRAITS; AQUAPORINS; AVOIDANCE; STRESS; SYSTEM AB A key strategy in soybean drought research is increased stomatal sensitivity to high vapor pressure deficit (VPD), which contributes to the slow wilting' trait observed in the field. These experiments examined whether temperature of the growth environment affected the ability of plants to respond to VPD, and thus control transpiration rate (TR). Two soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] and four wild soybean [Glycine soja (Sieb. and Zucc.)] genotypes were studied. The TR was measured over a range of VPD when plants were growing at 25 or 30 degrees C, and again after an abrupt increase of 5 degrees C. In G. max, a restriction of TR became evident as VPD increased above 2.0kPa when temperature was near its growth optimum of 30 degrees C. Slow wilting' genotype plant introduction (PI) 416937 exhibited greater TR control at high VPD compared with Hutcheson, and only PI 416937 restrained TR after the shift to 35 degrees C. Three of the four G. soja genotypes exhibited control over TR with increasing VPD when grown at 25 degrees C, which is near their estimated growth optimum. The TR control became engaged at lower VPD than in G. max and was retained to differing degrees after a shift to 30 degrees C. The TR control systems in G. max and G. soja clearly were temperature-sensitive and kinetically definable, and more restrictive in the slow wilting' soybean genotype. For the favorable TR control traits observed in G. soja to be useful for soybean breeding in warmer climates, the regulatory linkage with lower temperatures must be uncoupled. C1 [Seversike, Thomas M.; Sermons, Shannon M.; Sinclair, Thomas R.; Rufty, Thomas W.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Carter, Thomas E., Jr.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Soybean & Nitrogen Fixat Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Rufty, TW (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM tom_rufty@ncsu.edu FU United Soybean Board FX The authors thank the United Soybean Board for research support and the staff of the Southeastern Plant Environment Laboratory at NC State University for technical assistance. NR 44 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 47 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0031-9317 J9 PHYSIOL PLANTARUM JI Physiol. Plant. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 148 IS 1 BP 62 EP 73 DI 10.1111/j.1399-3054.2012.01693.x PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 130PQ UT WOS:000317931200006 PM 22989317 ER PT J AU Bohnert, M Dahse, HM Gibson, DM Krasnoff, SB Hoffmeister, D AF Bohnert, Markus Dahse, Hans-Martin Gibson, Donna M. Krasnoff, Stuart B. Hoffmeister, Dirk TI The fusarin analog NG-391 impairs nucleic acid formation in K-562 leukemia cells SO PHYTOCHEMISTRY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Fusarin C; Metarhizium robertsii; Mycotoxin; NG-391; Transcription ID METARHIZIUM-ANISOPLIAE; CANCER-CELLS; DNA; MONILIFORME; METABOLITES; PROTEIN AB The clavicipitaceous fungus Metarhizium robertsii produces the fusarin-like mycotoxin NG-391. We report on the biological effects of NG-391 on K-562 human cancer cells, obtained with radionuclide incorporation assays, along with nucleosome release and caspase assays, respectively. Our data suggests that NG-391 does not induce caspase-dependent apoptosis, but interferes with nucleic acid biosynthesis in K-562 human cancer cells, while translation remains unaffected. (C) 2013 Phytochemical Society of Europe. Published by Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved. C1 [Bohnert, Markus; Hoffmeister, Dirk] Univ Jena, Hans Knoll Inst, Dept Pharmaceut Biol, D-07745 Jena, Germany. [Dahse, Hans-Martin] Univ Jena, Hans Knoll Inst, Leibniz Inst Nat Product Res & Infect Biol, D-07745 Jena, Germany. [Gibson, Donna M.; Krasnoff, Stuart B.] USDA ARS, RW Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Biol Integrated Pest Management Unit, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Bohnert, M (reprint author), Univ Jena, Hans Knoll Inst, Dept Pharmaceut Biol, Beutenbergstr 11a, D-07745 Jena, Germany. EM markus.bohnert@hki-jena.de; hans-martin.dahse@hki-jena.de; Donna.Gibson@ars.usda.gov; Stuart.Krasnoff@ars.usda.gov; dirk.hoffmeister@hki-jena.de FU Jena School for Microbial Communication (JSMC) FX M.B. gratefully acknowledges a predoctoral fellowship by the Jena School for Microbial Communication (JSMC). Mention of a trademark, proprietary product, or vendor does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the U. S. Department of Agriculture and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products or vendors that may also be suitable. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1874-3900 J9 PHYTOCHEM LETT JI Phytochem. Lett. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 6 IS 2 BP 189 EP 192 DI 10.1016/j.phytol.2013.01.001 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 135EU UT WOS:000318271400008 ER PT J AU Elliott, KJ Knoepp, JD Vose, JM Jackson, WA AF Elliott, Katherine J. Knoepp, Jennifer D. Vose, James M. Jackson, William A. TI Interacting effects of wildfire severity and liming on nutrient cycling in a southern Appalachian wilderness area SO PLANT AND SOIL LA English DT Article DE Dolomitic lime; Exchangeable base cations; Nitrogen; Calcium; Aluminum; Fire severity; Forest floor; Soil solution nutrients; Acidic soils ID PRESCRIBED FIRE; FOREST SOILS; ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS; NITROGEN RESPONSES; UNITED-STATES; N STORAGE; PSEUDOREPLICATION; CALCIUM; BUDGETS; CARBON AB Wilderness and other natural areas are threatened by large-scale disturbances (e.g., wildfire), air pollution, climate change, exotic diseases or pests, and a combination of these stress factors (i.e., stress complexes). Linville Gorge Wilderness (LGW) is one example of a high elevation wilderness in the southern Appalachian region that has been subject to stress complexes including chronic acidic deposition and several wildfires, varying in intensity and extent. Soils in LGW are inherently acidic with low base cation concentrations and decades of acidic deposition have contributed to low pH, based saturation, and Ca:Al ratio. We hypothesized that wildfires that occurred in LGW followed by liming burned areas would accelerate the restoration of acidic, nutrient depleted soils. Because soils at LGW had extremely low concentrations of exchangeable Ca2+ and Mg2+ dolomitic lime was applied to further boost these cations. We evaluated the effectiveness of dolomitic lime application in restoring exchangeable Ca2+ and Mg2+ and subsequently increasing pH and Ca:Al ratio of soils and making Ca and Mg available to recovering vegetation. Five treatment areas were established: severely burned twice (2000 & 2007) with dolomitic lime application (2xSBL); moderately burned twice with lime application (2xMBL); severely burned twice, unlimed (2xSB); moderately burned once (2000), unlimed (1xMB); and a reference area (REF; unburned, unlimed). In 2008 and 2009, we measured overstory, understory, and ground-layer vegetation; forest floor mass and nutrients; and soil and soil solution chemistry within each treatment area. All wildfire burned sites experienced substantial overstory mortality. However, understory biomass doubled between sample years on the most recently burned sites due to the rapid regrowth of ericaceous shrubs and prolific sprouting of deciduous trees. Burning followed by lime application (2xSBL and 2xMBL) significantly increased shallow soil solution NO3-N, but we found no soil solution NO3-N response to burning alone (2xSB and 1xMB). Surface soil base saturation and exchangeable Ca2+ were significantly affected by liming; Ca2+ concentrations were greater on 2xMBL and 2xSBL than 2xSB, 1xMB and REF. There was a smaller difference due to moderate burning along with greater soil Ca2+ on 1xMB compared to REF, but no difference between 2xSB and REF. Surface and subsurface soil exchangeable Al3+ were lower on 2xSBL than 2xSB, 2xMBL, 1xMB, and REF. Liming decreased soil acidity somewhat as surface soil pH was higher on the two burned sites with lime (pH = 3.8) compared to 2xSB without lime (pH = 3.6). Liming resulted in decreased soil Al3+ on 2xSBL coupled with increased soil Ca2+ on both 2xSBL and 2xMBL, which improved soil Ca/Al ratios. However, the soil Ca/Al ratio response was transitory, as exchangeable Al3+ increased and Ca/Al ratio decreased over time. Higher lime application rates may be necessary to obtain a substantial and longer-term improvement of cation-depleted soils at LGW. C1 [Elliott, Katherine J.; Knoepp, Jennifer D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Ctr Forest Watershed Sci,Coweeta Hydrol Lab, Otto, NC 28763 USA. [Vose, James M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Ctr Integrated Forest Sci & Synth, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA. [Jackson, William A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Natl Forests North Carolina, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. RP Elliott, KJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Ctr Forest Watershed Sci,Coweeta Hydrol Lab, Otto, NC 28763 USA. EM kelliott@fs.fed.us FU Burned Area Emergency Response grant; Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory, USDA Forest Service; Coweeta LTER project; National Science Foundation [DEB-0823293] FX We thank the Grandfather Ranger District, Pisgah National Forest for their cooperation in establishing field sites. Special thanks to Patsy Clinton, Chris Sobek, Neal Muldoon, and Craig Stickney for assistance in field sampling and Cindi Brown and Carol Harper for chemical analyses of samples. Drs. Mary Beth Adams and Andrew Scott and two anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments on the manuscript. This research was supported by a Burned Area Emergency Response grant to William Jackson, Air Resource Specialist, Region 8, USDA Forest Service; Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory, USDA Forest Service; and the Coweeta LTER project funded by National Science Foundation grant DEB-0823293. The use of trade or firm names in this publication is for reader information and does not imply endorsement by the U. S Department of Agriculture of any product or service. NR 64 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 52 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-079X J9 PLANT SOIL JI Plant Soil PD MAY PY 2013 VL 366 IS 1-2 BP 165 EP 183 DI 10.1007/s11104-012-1416-z PG 19 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 131JG UT WOS:000317988600013 ER PT J AU Gonda, I Lev, S Bar, E Sikron, N Portnoy, V Davidovich-Rikanati, R Burger, J Schaffer, AA Tadmor, Y Giovannonni, JJ Huang, MY Fei, ZJ Katzir, N Fait, A Lewinsohn, E AF Gonda, Itay Lev, Shery Bar, Einat Sikron, Noga Portnoy, Vitaly Davidovich-Rikanati, Rachel Burger, Joseph Schaffer, Arthur A. Tadmor, Ya'akov Giovannonni, James J. Huang, Mingyun Fei, Zhangjun Katzir, Nurit Fait, Aaron Lewinsohn, Efraim TI Catabolism of L-methionine in the formation of sulfur and other volatiles in melon (Cucumis melo L.) fruit SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Cucumis melo; lmethionine; methionine lyase; sulfur volatiles; aroma compounds; melon fruit; stable isotope feeding ID AMINO-ACID CATABOLISM; GAMMA-LYASE; FUNCTIONAL-CHARACTERIZATION; AROMA VOLATILES; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; BRANCHED-CHAIN; BIOSYNTHESIS; FLAVOR; ENZYME; ARABIDOPSIS AB Sulfur-containing aroma volatiles are important contributors to the distinctive aroma of melon and other fruits. Melon cultivars and accessions differ in the content of sulfur-containing and other volatiles. lmethionine has been postulated to serve as a precursor of these volatiles. Incubation of melon fruit cubes with 13C- and 2H-labeled lmethionine revealed two distinct catabolic routes into volatiles. One route apparently involves the action of an l-methionine aminotransferase and preserves the main carbon skeleton of l-methionine. The second route apparently involves the action of an l-methionine-lyase activity, releasing methanethiol, a backbone for formation of thiol-derived aroma volatiles. Exogenous l-methionine also generated non-sulfur volatiles by further metabolism of ketobutyrate, a product of l-methionine-lyase activity. Ketobutyrate was further metabolized into lisoleucine and other important melon volatiles, including non-sulfur branched and straight-chain esters. Cell-free extracts derived from ripe melon fruit exhibited l-methionine-lyase enzymatic activity. A melon gene (CmMGL) ectopically expressed in Escherichia coli, was shown to encode a protein possessing l-methionine-lyase enzymatic activity. Expression of CmMGL was relatively low in early stages of melon fruit development, but increased in the flesh of ripe fruits, depending on the cultivar tested. Moreover, the levels of expression of CmMGL in recombinant inbred lines co-segregated with the levels of sulfur-containing aroma volatiles enriched with +1m/z unit and postulated to be produced via this route. Our results indicate that l-methionine is a precursor of both sulfur and non-sulfur aroma volatiles in melon fruit. C1 [Gonda, Itay; Lev, Shery; Bar, Einat; Portnoy, Vitaly; Davidovich-Rikanati, Rachel; Burger, Joseph; Katzir, Nurit; Lewinsohn, Efraim] Agr Res Org, Newe Yaar Res Ctr, Inst Plant Sci, IL-30095 Ramat Yishay, Israel. [Gonda, Itay; Sikron, Noga; Tadmor, Ya'akov; Fait, Aaron] Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Jacob Blaustein Inst Desert Res, IL-84105 Beer Sheva, Israel. [Schaffer, Arthur A.] Agr Res Org, Volcani Ctr, Inst Plant Sci, IL-76100 Bet Dagan, Israel. [Giovannonni, James J.; Huang, Mingyun; Fei, Zhangjun] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Giovannonni, James J.; Fei, Zhangjun] ARS, USDA, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Lewinsohn, E (reprint author), Agr Res Org, Newe Yaar Res Ctr, Inst Plant Sci, POB 1021, IL-30095 Ramat Yishay, Israel. EM twefraim@agri.gov.il RI Gonda, Itay/H-6926-2013 FU United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund [IS-4223-09C] FX The authors thank Karin Rand for useful comments, and Fabian Baumkoler, Uzi Sa'ar and Hanoch Glessner for growing the melons. We also thank Kreitman School of Advanced Graduate Studies in Ben-Gurion University of the Negev. This research was supported by Research Grant Award number IS-4223-09C from the United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund. This is contribution number 119/2012 of the Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan Israel. NR 57 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 47 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0960-7412 EI 1365-313X J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 74 IS 3 BP 458 EP 472 DI 10.1111/tpj.12149 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 134TU UT WOS:000318238500009 PM 23402686 ER PT J AU Li, S Ge, FR Xu, M Zhao, XY Huang, GQ Zhou, LZ Wang, JG Kombrink, A McCormick, S Zhang, XS Zhang, Y AF Li, Sha Ge, Fu-Rong Xu, Ming Zhao, Xin-Ying Huang, Guo-Qiang Zhou, Liang-Zi Wang, Jia-Gang Kombrink, Anja McCormick, Sheila Zhang, Xian Sheng Zhang, Yan TI Arabidopsis COBRA-LIKE 10, a GPI-anchored protein, mediates directional growth of pollen tubes SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein; polar growth; asymmetric localization; wall organization; cellcell communication ID MALE GAMETOPHYTE DEVELOPMENT; ORIENTED CELL EXPANSION; MEMBRANE-PROTEINS; POLARIZED GROWTH; TIP GROWTH; IN-VITRO; THALIANA; GENE; GUIDANCE; ENCODES AB Successful reproduction of flowering plants requires constant communication between female tissues and growing pollen tubes. Female cells secrete molecules and peptides as nutrients or guidance cues for fast and directional tube growth, which is executed by dynamic changes of intracellular activities within pollen tubes. Compared with the extensive interest in female cues and intracellular activities of pollen tubes, how female cues are sensed and interpreted intracellularly in pollen is poorly understood. We show here that COBL10, a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored protein, is one component of this pollen tube internal machinery. Mutations in COBL10 caused gametophytic male sterility due to reduced pollen tube growth and compromised directional sensing in the female transmitting tract. Deposition of the apical pectin cap and cellulose microfibrils was disrupted in cobl10 pollen tubes. Pollen tube localization of COBL10 at the apical plasma membrane is critical for its function and relies on proper GPI processing and its C-terminal hydrophobic residues. GPI-anchored proteins are widespread cell sensors in mammals, especially during egg-sperm communication. Our results that COBL10 is critical for directional growth of pollen tubes suggest that they play critical roles in cell-cell communications in plants. C1 [Li, Sha; Ge, Fu-Rong; Zhao, Xin-Ying; Huang, Guo-Qiang; Zhou, Liang-Zi; Wang, Jia-Gang; Zhang, Xian Sheng; Zhang, Yan] Shandong Agr Univ, Coll Life Sci, State Key Lab Crop Biol, Tai An 271018, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Xu, Ming; McCormick, Sheila; Zhang, Yan] Univ Calif Berkeley, ARS, Ctr Plant Gene Express, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Xu, Ming; McCormick, Sheila; Zhang, Yan] USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Kombrink, Anja] Wageningen Univ, NL-6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands. RP Zhang, XS (reprint author), Shandong Agr Univ, Coll Life Sci, State Key Lab Crop Biol, Tai An 271018, Shandong, Peoples R China. EM zhangxs@sdau.edu.cn; yzhang@sdau.edu.cn OI McCormick, Sheila/0000-0001-9106-9385 FU Major Research Plan from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2013CB945100]; NSFC [31271578]; United States Department of Agriculture Current Research Information System [5335-21000 -030-00D]; Tai-Shan Scholar program from Shandong Provincial Government FX We thank the ABRC (http://www.arabidopsis.org) for the T-DNA insertion lines, Dr Li-Qun Chen from the Chinese Agricultural University for help with immunofluorescent labeling of semi-in vivo pollen tubes and Dr Yi-Hua Zhou from the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology for the antibodies used in immunofluorescent labeling. This research was supported by the Major Research Plan (2013CB945100) from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China and by a grant from NSFC (31271578), and by the United States Department of Agriculture Current Research Information System to SM (grant no. 5335-21000 -030-00D). YZ's laboratory and XZ's laboratory are supported by the Tai-Shan Scholar program from Shandong Provincial Government. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest. NR 66 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 37 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0960-7412 J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 74 IS 3 BP 486 EP 497 DI 10.1111/tpj.12139 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 134TU UT WOS:000318238500011 PM 23384085 ER PT J AU Pechanova, O Pechan, T Rodriguez, JM Williams, WP Brown, AE AF Pechanova, Olga Pechan, Tibor Rodriguez, Jose M. Williams, W. Paul Brown, Ashli E. TI A two-dimensional proteome map of the aflatoxigenic fungus Aspergillus flavus SO PROTEOMICS LA English DT Article DE 2DE; Aflatoxin; Aspergillus flavus; Microbiology; Proteome ID SECRETED PROTEINS; BIOSYNTHESIS; TEMPERATURE; EXPRESSION; FUMIGATUS; NIDULANS; RESOURCE; ORYZAE AB The filamentous fungus Aspergillus flavus is an opportunistic soil-borne pathogen that produces aflatoxins, the most potent naturally occurring carcinogenic compounds known. This work represents the first gel-based profiling analysis of A. flavus proteome and establishes a 2D proteome map. Using 2DE and MALDI-TOF-MS/MS, we identified 538 mycelial proteins of the aflatoxigenic strain NRRL 3357, the majority of which were functionally annotated as related to various cellular metabolic and biosynthetic processes. Additionally, a few enzymes from the aflatoxin synthesis pathway were also identified. C1 [Pechanova, Olga; Rodriguez, Jose M.] Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State Chem Lab, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Pechan, Tibor] Mississippi State Univ, Inst Genom Biocomp & Biotechnol, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Williams, W. Paul] ARS, USDA, Corn Host Plant Resistance Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Brown, Ashli E.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Biochem Mol Biol Entomol & Pant Pathol, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Pechan, T (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Inst Genom Biocomp & Biotechnol, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM pechan@ra.msstate.edu; abrown@bch.msstate.edu FU Mississippi Corn Promotion Board; MAFES Special Research Initiative FX The authors would like to thank Bharath Kumar Bolla, Mark Arick II, and R. Aaron Presley for their technical assistance. Mass spectrometry was conducted at Institute for Genomics, Bio-computing and Biotechnology, Mississippi State University. This research was funded by Mississippi Corn Promotion Board and The MAFES Special Research Initiative. NR 26 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1615-9853 J9 PROTEOMICS JI Proteomics PD MAY PY 2013 VL 13 IS 9 BP 1513 EP 1518 DI 10.1002/pmic.201100659 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 132ED UT WOS:000318049800014 PM 23457007 ER PT J AU Liu, WX Danilova, TV Rouse, MN Bowden, RL Friebe, B Gill, BS Pumphrey, MO AF Liu, Wenxuan Danilova, Tatiana V. Rouse, Matthew N. Bowden, Robert L. Friebe, Bernd Gill, Bikram S. Pumphrey, Michael O. TI Development and characterization of a compensating wheat-Thinopyrum intermedium Robertsonian translocation with Sr44 resistance to stem rust (Ug99) SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID F-SP TRITICI; STREAK-MOSAIC-VIRUS; YELLOW DWARF VIRUS; CONFERRING RESISTANCE; AGROPYRON-INTERMEDIUM; SPECIFYING RESISTANCE; BREAD WHEAT; CYTOGENETIC CHARACTERIZATION; PARTIAL AMPHIPLOIDS; ACERIA-TOSICHELLA AB The emergence of the highly virulent Ug99 race complex of the stem rust fungus (Puccinia graminis Pers. f. sp. tritici Eriks. and Henn.) threatens wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production worldwide. One of the effective genes against the Ug99 race complex is Sr44, which was derived from Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkworth and D.R. Dewey and mapped to the short arm of 7J (designated 7J#1S) present in the noncompensating T7DS-7J#1La (TM) 7J#1S translocation. Noncompensating wheat-alien translocations are known to cause genomic duplications and deficiencies leading to poor agronomic performance, precluding their direct use in wheat improvement. The present study was initiated to produce compensating wheat-Th. intermedium Robertsonian translocations with Sr44 resistance. One compensating RobT was identified consisting of the wheat 7DL arm translocated to the Th. intermedium 7J#1S arm resulting in T7DLa (TM) 7J#1S. The T7DLa (TM) 7J#1S stock was designated as TA5657. The 7DLa (TM) 7J#1S stock carries Sr44 and has resistance to the Ug99 race complex. This compensating RobT with Sr44 resistance may be useful in wheat improvement. In addition, we identified an unnamed stem rust resistance gene located on the 7J#1L arm that confers resistance not only to Ug99, but also to race TRTTF, which is virulent to Sr44. However, the action of the second gene can be modified by the presence of suppressors in the recipient wheat cultivars. C1 [Liu, Wenxuan; Danilova, Tatiana V.; Friebe, Bernd; Gill, Bikram S.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Wheat Genet & Genom Resources Ctr, Throckmorton Plant Sci Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Rouse, Matthew N.] Univ Minnesota, USDA, ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Bowden, Robert L.; Pumphrey, Michael O.] Kansas State Univ, USDA, ARS,Throckmorton Plant Sci Ctr, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Friebe, B (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Wheat Genet & Genom Resources Ctr, Throckmorton Plant Sci Ctr, Throckmorton Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM friebe@ksu.edu RI Rouse, Matthew/G-5474-2011 FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; Kansas Wheat Commission; Kansas Crop Improvement Association FX This research was part of the project "Durable Rust Resistance in Wheat" conducted by Cornell University and supported by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and by grants from the Kansas Wheat Commission and the Kansas Crop Improvement Association. We thank W. John Raupp for critical editorial review of the manuscript and Shuangye Wu for her technical assistance. This is contribution number 12-451-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506-5502, USA. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 50 TC 18 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 30 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 126 IS 5 BP 1167 EP 1177 DI 10.1007/s00122-013-2044-6 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 135GD UT WOS:000318275500003 PM 23358862 ER PT J AU Olson, EL Rouse, MN Pumphrey, MO Bowden, RL Gill, BS Poland, JA AF Olson, Eric L. Rouse, Matthew N. Pumphrey, Michael O. Bowden, Robert L. Gill, Bikram S. Poland, Jesse A. TI Simultaneous transfer, introgression, and genomic localization of genes for resistance to stem rust race TTKSK (Ug99) from Aegilops tauschii to wheat SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID F-SP TRITICI; HEXAPLOID WHEAT; BACKCROSS POPULATIONS; POWDERY MILDEW; LEAF RUST; GERMPLASM; REGISTRATION; INHERITANCE; DISCOVERY; VIRULENCE AB Wheat production is currently threatened by widely virulent races of the wheat stem rust fungus, Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, that are part of the TTKSK (also known as 'Ug99') race group. The diploid D genome donor species Aegilops tauschii (2n = 2x = 14, DD) is a readily accessible source of resistance to TTKSK and its derivatives that can be transferred to hexaploid wheat, Triticum aestivum (2n = 6x = 42, AABBDD). To expedite transfer of TTKSK resistance from Ae. tauschii, a direct hybridization approach was undertaken that integrates gene transfer, mapping, and introgression into one process. Direct crossing of Ae. tauschii accessions with an elite wheat breeding line combines the steps of gene transfer and introgression while development of mapping populations during gene transfer enables the identification of closely linked markers. Direct crosses were made using TTKSK-resistant Ae. tauschii accessions TA1662 and PI 603225 as males and a stem rust-susceptible T. aestivum breeding line, KS05HW14, as a female. Embryo rescue enabled recovery of F-1 (ABDD) plants that were backcrossed as females to the hexaploid recurrent parent. Stem rust-resistant BC1F1 plants from each Ae. tauschii donor source were used as males to generate BC2F1 mapping populations. Bulked segregant analysis of BC2F1 genotypes was performed using 70 SSR loci distributed across the D genome. Using this approach, stem rust resistance genes from both accessions were located on chromosome arm 1DS and mapped using SSR and EST-STS markers. An allelism test indicated the stem rust resistance gene transferred from PI 603225 is Sr33. Race specificity suggests the stem rust resistance gene transferred from TA1662 is unique and this gene has been temporarily designated SrTA1662. Stem rust resistance genes derived from TA1662 and PI 603225 have been made available with selectable molecular markers in genetic backgrounds suitable for stem rust resistance breeding. C1 [Olson, Eric L.; Bowden, Robert L.; Gill, Bikram S.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Rouse, Matthew N.] ARS, USDA, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Rouse, Matthew N.] Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Pumphrey, Michael O.] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Bowden, Robert L.; Poland, Jesse A.] ARS, USDA, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Poland, Jesse A.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Poland, JA (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM jpoland@ksu.edu RI Rouse, Matthew/G-5474-2011; OI Poland, Jesse/0000-0002-7856-1399 FU Durable Rust Resistance in Wheat project; Cornell University through Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; USDA-ARS [5430-21000-006-00D] FX This is contribution number 13-074-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station. This project was funded by the Durable Rust Resistance in Wheat project, Cornell University through funds from The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and the USDA-ARS (Appropriation #5430-21000-006-00D). We thank Amy Bernardo, Paul St. Amand, Katherine Kaus and Mitchell Keller for technical assistance. Dr. Robert A. McIntosh gave helpful suggestions that improved this manuscript. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 37 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 35 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 126 IS 5 BP 1179 EP 1188 DI 10.1007/s00122-013-2045-5 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 135GD UT WOS:000318275500004 PM 23377571 ER PT J AU Pfender, WF Slabaugh, ME AF Pfender, W. F. Slabaugh, M. E. TI Pathotype-specific QTL for stem rust resistance in Lolium perenne SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID PUCCINIA-CORONATA RESISTANCE; FESCUE FESTUCA-PRATENSIS; F-SP LOLII; CROWN RUST; SSR MARKERS; SELF-INCOMPATIBILITY; RYEGRASS POPULATION; LINKAGE MAP; DISEASE RESISTANCE; MULTIFLORUM LAM. AB A genetic map populated with RAD and SSR markers was created from F1 progeny of a stem rust-susceptible and stem rust-resistant parent of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne). The map supplements a previous map of this population by having markers in common with several other Lolium spp. maps including EST-SSR anchor markers from a consensus map published by other researchers. A QTL analysis was conducted with disease severity and infection type data obtained by controlled inoculation of the population with each of two previously characterized pathotypes of Puccinia graminis subsp. graminicola that differ in virulence to different host plant genotypes in the F1 population. Each pathotype activated a specific QTL on one linkage group (LG): qLpPg1 on LG7 for pathotype 101, or qLpPg2 on LG1 for pathotype 106. Both pathotypes also activated a third QTL in common, qLpPg3 on LG6. Anchor markers, present on a consensus map, were located in proximity to each of the three QTL. These QTL had been detected also in previous experiments in which a genetically heterogeneous inoculum of the stem rust pathogen activated all three QTL together. The results of this and a previous study are consistent with the involvement of the pathotype-specific QTL in pathogen recognition and the pathotype-nonspecific QTL in a generalized resistance response. By aligning the markers common to other published reports, it appears that two and possibly all three of the stem rust QTL reported here are in the same general genomic regions containing some of the L. perenne QTL reported to be activated in response to the crown rust pathogen (P. coronata). C1 [Pfender, W. F.] ARS, USDA, NFSPRC, Corvallis, OR USA. [Slabaugh, M. E.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Pfender, WF (reprint author), ARS, USDA, NFSPRC, Corvallis, OR USA. EM pfenderw@onid.orst.edu NR 56 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 22 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 126 IS 5 BP 1213 EP 1225 DI 10.1007/s00122-013-2048-2 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 135GD UT WOS:000318275500007 PM 23361523 ER PT J AU Ulloa, M Hutmacher, RB Roberts, PA Wright, SD Nichols, RL Davis, RM AF Ulloa, Mauricio Hutmacher, Robert B. Roberts, Philip A. Wright, Steven D. Nichols, Robert L. Davis, R. Michael TI Inheritance and QTL mapping of Fusarium wilt race 4 resistance in cotton SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID F-SP VASINFECTUM; KNOT NEMATODE RESISTANCE; TRANSGRESSIVE SEGREGATION; GOSSYPIUM-BARBADENSE; GENE RKN1; POPULATION; MICROSATELLITES; INTROGRESSION; HIRSUTUM; GENOME AB Diseases such as Fusarium wilt [Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum (FOV) Atk. Sny & Hans] represent expanding threats to cotton production. Integrating disease resistance into high-yielding, high-fiber quality cotton (Gossypium spp.) cultivars is one of the most important objectives in cotton breeding programs worldwide. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of gene action in cotton governing FOV race 4 resistance by combining conventional inheritance and quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping with molecular markers. A set of diverse cotton populations was generated from crosses encompassing multiple genetic backgrounds. FOV race 4 resistance was investigated using seven parents and their derived populations: three intraspecific (G. hirsutum x G. hirsutum L. and G. barbadense x G. barbadense L.) F-1 and F-2; five interspecific (G. hirsutum x G. barbadense) F-1 and F-2; and one RIL. Parents and populations were evaluated for disease severity index (DSI) of leaves, and vascular stem and root staining (VRS) in four greenhouse and two field experiments. Initially, a single resistance gene (Fov4) model was observed in F-2 populations based on inheritance of phenotypes. This single Fov4 gene had a major dominant gene action and conferred resistance to FOV race 4 in Pima-S6. The Fov4 gene appears to be located near a genome region on chromosome 14 marked with a QTL Fov4-C14 (1) , which made the biggest contribution to the FOV race 4 resistance of the generated F-2 progeny. Additional genetic and QTL analyses also identified a set of 11 SSR markers that indicated the involvement of more than one gene and gene interactions across six linkage groups/chromosomes (3, 6, 8, 14, 17, and 25) in the inheritance of FOV race 4 resistance. QTLs detected with minor effects in these populations explained 5-19 % of the DSI or VRS variation. Identified SSR markers for the resistance QTLs with major and minor effects will facilitate for the first time marker-assisted selection for the introgression of FOV race 4 resistance into elite cultivars during the breeding process. C1 [Ulloa, Mauricio] ARS, Cropping Syst Res Lab, Plant Stress & Germplasm Dev Res, USDA,SPA, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. [Hutmacher, Robert B.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Five Points, CA 93624 USA. [Roberts, Philip A.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Nematol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Wright, Steven D.] Univ Calif, Tulare, CA 93274 USA. [Nichols, Robert L.] Cotton Inc, Cary, NC 27513 USA. [Davis, R. Michael] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Ulloa, M (reprint author), ARS, Cropping Syst Res Lab, Plant Stress & Germplasm Dev Res, USDA,SPA, 3810 4th St, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. EM mauricio.ulloa@ars.usda.gov FU Cotton Incorporated (CA State Support Committee), Cary, NC (ARIS Log) [5303-05-00 0029833]; Cotton Incorporated; University of California Discovery Grant FX This study was funded in part by a Reimbursable Agreement with Cotton Incorporated (CA State Support Committee), Cary, NC (ARIS Log Nos. 5303-05-00 0029833), a Cooperative Research Agreement with Cotton Incorporated, and a University of California Discovery Grant. The authors thank Drs. R. Kohel and J. Yu for providing the original seed source of the RIL population. The authors also thank S. Ellberg, M. Biggs, Z. Garcia, M. Keeley, R. Delgado, G. Banuelos, and many students for their help in evaluations. Use of greenhouse facilities of the University of California Kearney Research and Extension Center (Parlier, CA) and assistance of Fred Swanson and Laura Van der Staay is gratefully acknowledged. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U. S. Department of Agriculture or University of California. The US Department of Agriculture and University of California are equal opportunity providers and employers. NR 49 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 34 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 126 IS 5 BP 1405 EP 1418 DI 10.1007/s00122-013-2061-5 PG 14 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 135GD UT WOS:000318275500020 PM 23471458 ER PT J AU Bowers, E Hellmich, R Munkvold, G AF Bowers, E. Hellmich, R. Munkvold, G. TI Vip3Aa and Cry1Ab proteins in maize reduce Fusarium ear rot and fumonisins by deterring kernel injury from multiple Lepidopteran pests SO WORLD MYCOTOXIN JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Bt maize; field trial; manual infestation; corn earworm; Western bean cutworm ID EUROPEAN CORN-BORER; BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS CORN; WESTERN BEAN CUTWORM; SYMPTOMLESS INFECTION; MYCOTOXIN LEVELS; PLANTING DATE; BT CORN; HYBRIDS; MONILIFORME; NOCTUIDAE AB Field trials were conducted in 2008, 2009 and 2011 to assess fumonisin contamination in transgenic (Bt) and non-Bt maize hybrids infested with European corn borer, corn earworm, and Western bean cutworm. Comparisons were made among maize hybrids expressing two transgenic insect resistance proteins (Cry1Ab x Vip3Aa), a single resistance protein (Cry1Ab), or no insect resistance. The field design was a randomised complete block design with four replicates of each hybrid x insect combination. Kernel injury, Fusarium ear rot, and fumonisins (FB1+FB2+FB3) in maize grain were measured. These measurements differed significantly among years of the study. In all years, significant positive correlations were present between insect injury and Fusarium ear rot, insect injury and grain fumonisin levels, and Fusarium ear rot and grain fumonisin levels. Under all insect infestation treatments, Cry1Ab x Vip3Aa hybrids were the most resistant of the hybrids with regard to any of the grain quality measurements. Averaged over all insect infestations and years, insect injury, Fusarium ear rot, and grain fumonisin levels were all low in Cry1Ab x Vip3Aa (0.1% and 2.2% of total kernels, and 0.56 mg/kg, respectively). The highest average levels of insect injury, Fusarium ear rot, and grain fumonisin contamination (3.3% and 7.2% of total kernels, and 5.47 mg/kg, respectively) were found in the non-Bt hybrids. The presence of transgenic insect protection (Cry1Ab x Vip3Aa or Cry1Ab) resulted in significant reductions in all grain quality measurements as compared with the non-Bt hybrids. Only grain obtained from Cry1Ab x Vip3Aa hybrids consistently had acceptable fumonisin content according to both US guidance levels and EU regulatory limits These results indicate that Cry1Ab x Vip3Aa maize hybrids are more likely to yield high quality, low-fumonisin grain compared to hybrids expressing only Cry1Ab or lacking insect resistance. C1 [Bowers, E.; Munkvold, G.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Hellmich, R.] USDA ARS, Genet Lab, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Bowers, E (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, 160 Seed Sci Bldg, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM ebilsten@gmail.com FU Syngenta Seeds Inc.; Biotechnology Risk Assessment Program competitive grant from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Program [2008-33120-19543] FX The authors are grateful to Ms. Michele Beattie, Dr. Von Kaster, and Mr. Mitch Meehan for technical assistance with this research. We also thank Ms. Jeanette Dyer (USDA-ARS) and Larry Appel. for providing insect eggs or larvae for infestation treatments. This project was supported by Syngenta Seeds Inc., and the Biotechnology Risk Assessment Program competitive grant number 2008-33120-19543 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Program. Mention of a proprietary product does not constitute an endorsement or a recommendation by Iowa State University or USDA for its use. NR 38 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 31 PU WAGENINGEN ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI WAGENINGEN PA PO BOX 220, WAGENINGEN, 6700 AE, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-0710 J9 WORLD MYCOTOXIN J JI World Mycotoxin J. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 6 IS 2 BP 127 EP 135 DI 10.3920/WMJ2012.1510 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology; Mycology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Mycology; Toxicology GA 134LD UT WOS:000318210800003 ER PT J AU Rajasekaran, K Sickler, CM Brown, RL Cary, JW Bhatnagar, D AF Rajasekaran, K. Sickler, C. M. Brown, R. L. Cary, J. W. Bhatnagar, D. TI Evaluation of resistance to aflatoxin contamination in kernels of maize genotypes using a GFP-expressing Aspergillus flavus strain SO WORLD MYCOTOXIN JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE kernel screening assay; green fluorescent protein; Zea mays; fluorescent microscopy; pre-harvest aflatoxin contamination ID COLI BETA-GLUCURONIDASE; CORN GENOTYPES; EAR ROT; ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITIES; FUNGAL COLONIZATION; GERMPLASM LINES; DENT CORN; REGISTRATION; INFECTION; PROTEINS AB Resistance or susceptibility of maize inbreds to infection by Aspergillus flavus was evaluated by the kernel screening assay. A green fluorescent protein-expressing strain of A. flavus was used to measure fungal spread and aflatoxin levels in real-time following fungal infection of kernels. Among the four inbreds tested, MI82 showed the most resistance and Ga209 the least. TZAR101 was also resistant to fungal infection, whereas Va35 was susceptible to fungal infection. However, Va35 produced lower aflatoxin levels compared to the susceptible line Ga209. Fluorescence microscopy indicated that the site of entry of the fungus into the kernel was consistently through the pedicel. Entry through the pericarp was never observed in undamaged kernels. In view of these results, incorporation or overexpression of antifungal proteins should be targeted to the pedicel and basal endosperm region in developing kernels. Once the fungus has entered through the pedicel, it spreads quickly through the open spaces between the pericarp and the aleurone layer, ultimately colonising the endosperm and scutellum and, finally, the embryo. A clear correlation was established between fungal fluorescence and aflatoxin levels. This method provides a quick, reliable means of evaluating resistance to A. flavus in undamaged kernels and provides breeders with a rapid method to evaluate maize germplasm. C1 [Rajasekaran, K.; Sickler, C. M.; Brown, R. L.; Cary, J. W.; Bhatnagar, D.] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Rajasekaran, K (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM rajah.rajasekaran@ars.usda.gov NR 47 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 19 PU WAGENINGEN ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI WAGENINGEN PA PO BOX 220, WAGENINGEN, 6700 AE, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-0710 J9 WORLD MYCOTOXIN J JI World Mycotoxin J. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 6 IS 2 BP 151 EP 158 DI 10.3920/WMJ2012.1497 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology; Mycology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Mycology; Toxicology GA 134LD UT WOS:000318210800005 ER PT J AU Creamer, CA Filley, TR Olk, DC Stott, DE Dooling, V Boutton, TW AF Creamer, Courtney A. Filley, Timothy R. Olk, Dan C. Stott, Diane E. Dooling, Valerie Boutton, Thomas W. TI Changes to soil organic N dynamics with leguminous woody plant encroachment into grasslands SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Amino acids; Organic nitrogen cycling; Soil enzymes; Soil organic matter; Woody plant encroachment ID CHROMATOGRAPHY-PULSED AMPEROMETRY; EXTRACELLULAR ENZYME-ACTIVITY; CELL WALL PROTEINS; SUBTROPICAL SAVANNA; NITROGEN DEPOSITION; AMINO-SUGARS; LITTER DECOMPOSITION; MICROBIAL COMMUNITY; FOREST ECOSYSTEMS; SIZE FRACTIONS AB Encroachment of nitrogen-fixing trees and shrubs into grasslands and savannas is a well-documented land cover change that occurs worldwide. In the Rio Grande Plains region of southern Texas, previous studies have shown woody encroachment by leguminous Prosopis glandulosa (mesquite) trees increases soil C and N, decreases microbial biomass N relative to soil N, and accelerates N mineralization and nitrification. We examined responses of the dominant organic N components in soil (amino acids and amino sugars) and two soil-bound protein-N acquiring enzymes (arylamidase and beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase) along a grassland-to-woodland successional chronosequence to determine changes to soil N chemistry and extractability. The proportion of total N held within amino compounds was significantly lower in the woodlands (47 %) relative to the grassland soils (62 %). This increase in non-hydrolysable N was accompanied by increases in plant cell wall derived amino acids (e.g. hydroxyproline, serine) and losses of microbial amino sugars, indicating the woodland organic N pool was altered in composition and potentially in quality, either because it was more structurally protected or difficult to degrade due to polymerization/condensation reactions. Soil carbon-normalized activities of both soil-bound N-acquiring enzymes were significantly higher in woodland soils, consistent with changes in the biochemical composition of organic N. Although soil total N increases following woody encroachment, this additional organic N appears to be less extractable by chemical hydrolysis and thus potentially in more refractory forms, which may limit microbial N accessibility, slow the cycling of soil organic carbon, and contribute to observed soil C and N accrual in these systems. C1 [Creamer, Courtney A.; Filley, Timothy R.; Dooling, Valerie] Purdue Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Creamer, Courtney A.; Filley, Timothy R.] Purdue Climate Change Res Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Olk, Dan C.] ARS, USDA, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Stott, Diane E.] ARS, USDA, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Boutton, Thomas W.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Creamer, CA (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM courtneycreamer@gmail.com RI Boutton, Thomas/C-5821-2016; Creamer, Courtney/C-9281-2013 OI Boutton, Thomas/0000-0002-7522-5728; Creamer, Courtney/0000-0001-8270-9387 FU National Science Foundation Biogeosciences Program [EAR-0525349] FX This project was funded by the National Science Foundation Biogeosciences Program (EAR-0525349). We would like to thank Terry Grimard for help with amino acid and amino sugar analyses and Rhonda Graef for assistance with the enzyme assays. NR 85 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 90 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-2563 J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY JI Biogeochemistry PD MAY PY 2013 VL 113 IS 1-3 BP 307 EP 321 DI 10.1007/s10533-012-9757-5 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 129ST UT WOS:000317863300019 ER PT J AU Gunter, SA Beck, PA Hallford, DM AF Gunter, Stacey A. Beck, Paul A. Hallford, Dennis M. TI Effects of Supplementary Selenium Source on the Blood Parameters in Beef Cows and Their Nursing Calves SO BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Bovine; Blood; Forages; Glutathione peroxidase; Selenium; Thyroxine ID GLUTATHIONE-PEROXIDASE-ACTIVITY; I IODOTHYRONINE DEIODINASE; IGF-BINDING-PROTEINS; GROWTH-FACTOR-I; DIETARY SELENIUM; DAIRY-COWS; ANTIOXIDANT STATUS; SODIUM SELENITE; SOMATOMEDIN-C; MILK-YIELD AB Over 2 years, 32 beef cows nursing calves in southwest Arkansas were randomly selected from a herd of 120 that were managed in six groups and were assigned to six 5.1-ha bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon [L.] Pers.) pastures. Treatments were assigned to pastures (two pastures/treatment) and cows had ad libitum access to one of three free-choice minerals: (1) no supplemental selenium (Se), (2) 26 mg of supplemental Se from sodium selenite per kilogram, and (3) 26 mg of supplemental Se from seleno-yeast per kilogram (designed mineral intake = 113 g/cow daily). Data were analyzed using a mixed model; year and pasture were the random effects and treatment was the fixed effect. At the beginning of the calving and breeding seasons, cows supplemented with Se had greater (P < 0.01) whole blood Se concentration (WBSe) and glutathione peroxidase activities (GSH-Px) than cows receiving no supplemental Se; cows fed seleno-yeast had greater (P a parts per thousand currency signaEuro parts per thousand 0.05) WBSe than cows fed sodium selenite, but GSH-Px did not differ (P a parts per thousand yenaEuro parts per thousand 0.25) between the two sources. At birth and near peak lactation (late May), calves from cows supplemented with Se had greater (P < 0.01) WBSe than calves from cows fed no Se and calves from cows fed seleno-yeast had greater (P a parts per thousand currency signaEuro parts per thousand 0.01) WBSe and GSH-Px than calves from cows fed sodium selenite. Thyroxine (T-4), triiodothyronine (T-3), and the T-4:T-3 ratio in calves did not differ among treatments (P a parts per thousand yenaEuro parts per thousand 0.35). At birth, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) was greater (P = 0.02) in calves nursing cows with no supplemental Se than in ones with supplemental Se; in calves nursing cows with supplemental sodium selenite, IGF-1 did not differ (P = 0.96) from ones offered supplemental seleno-yeast. Selenium supplementation of gestating beef cows benefited cows and calves by increasing WBSe and GSH-Px. The use of seleno-yeast as a Se supplement compared to sodium selenite increased the WBSe of both cows and their calves without affecting the T-4 to T-3 conversion or IGF-1 concentrations. C1 [Gunter, Stacey A.] ARS, Southern Plains Range Res Stn, USDA, Woodward, OK 73801 USA. [Beck, Paul A.] Univ Arkansas, Div Agr, Southwest Res & Extens Ctr, Hope, AR 71801 USA. [Hallford, Dennis M.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Anim & Range Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Gunter, SA (reprint author), ARS, Southern Plains Range Res Stn, USDA, Woodward, OK 73801 USA. EM stacey.gunter@ars.usda.gov NR 61 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 27 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 0163-4984 J9 BIOL TRACE ELEM RES JI Biol. Trace Elem. Res. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 152 IS 2 BP 204 EP 211 DI 10.1007/s12011-013-9620-0 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 126OB UT WOS:000317626100006 PM 23381681 ER PT J AU Xu, DH Klesius, PH AF Xu, De-Hai Klesius, Phillip H. TI Comparison of serum antibody responses and host protection against parasite Ichthyophthirius multifiliis between channel catfish and channel x blue hybrid catfish SO FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Channel catfish; CB hybrid; Immune protection; Ichthyophthirius multifiliis; Infection ID ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS RAFINESQUE; CYPRINUS-CARPIO L; ACQUIRED-IMMUNITY; FOUQUET; IMMUNIZATION; TRAITS AB There is limited information available on the immune protection of channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus x blue catfish I. furcatus (CB) hybrid against the fish parasite Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Ich). The objective of this study was to compare serum antibody response and host protection between channel catfish and CB hybrid catfish using a cohabitation model. Channel catfish and CB hybrid catfish were immunized with live theronts by immersion or by IP injection at the dose of 10,000-20,000 theronts per fish in two trials. The fish were then challenged with theronts to compare serum antibody response and protection against the parasite between channel catfish and CB hybrid catfish. The immunized channel catfish and CB hybrid catfish showed a significantly higher (p < 0.05) serum anti-Ich antibody (titer > 1120) compared to non-immunized controls (titer = 0). After being challenged with live theronts, the immunized channel catfish and CB hybrid catfish had none or a low number of the parasites(< 50 trophonts per fish) and showed a significantly higher (p < 0.05) survival (90-100%) than non-immunized controls (0%). Overall results indicated that there was no statistical (p > 0.05) difference on serum anti-Ich antibody, parasite infection and fish survival between immunized channel catfish and CB hybrid catfish. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Xu, De-Hai; Klesius, Phillip H.] ARS, USDA, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. RP Xu, DH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, 990 Wire Rd, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM dehai.xu@ars.usda.gov FU USDA/ARS CRIS project [6420-32000-024-00D] FX The authors thanks to Dr. Craig Shoemaker, USDA, ARS, Aquatic Animal Health Research Laboratory and Dr. Qizhong Zhang, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China for critical view of the manuscript. This study was supported by the USDA/ARS CRIS project #6420-32000-024-00D. NR 19 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 18 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1050-4648 J9 FISH SHELLFISH IMMUN JI Fish Shellfish Immunol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 34 IS 5 BP 1356 EP 1359 DI 10.1016/j.fsi.2013.01.022 PG 4 WC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA 129UX UT WOS:000317870600042 PM 23435177 ER PT J AU Marancik, DP Fast, MD Camus, AC AF Marancik, David P. Fast, Mark D. Camus, Alvin C. TI Proteomic characterization of the acute-phase response of yellow stingrays Urobatis jamaicensis after injection with a Vibrio anguillarum-ordalii bacterin SO FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Elasmobranch; Proteomics; Acute-phase response; Yellow stingray; Urobatis jamaicensis; Vibrio ID C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; HEPARIN-COFACTOR-II; CARTILAGINOUS FISH; HUMAN ALPHA-2-MACROGLOBULIN; COMPLEMENT-SYSTEM; CHROMOSOMAL DNA; IMMUNE-SYSTEM; MX EXPRESSION; NURSE SHARK; INFLAMMATION AB Systemic inflammatory responses of mammals and bony fish are primarily driven by coordinated up-regulation and down-regulation of plasma acute-phase proteins. Although this general principle is believed to be universal among vertebrates, it remains relatively unexplored in elasmobranchs. The objective of this study was to characterize acute changes in the plasma proteome of three yellow stingrays Urobatis jamaicensis following intraperitoneal injection with a commercial Vibrio bacterin. Changes in plasma protein levels were analyzed immediately prior to vaccination (time 0) and at 24 and 72 h post-injection by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ4-plex) using shotgun-based nano liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis and de nova peptide sequencing. Pooled 2D-LC-MS/MS and de novo sequencing data revealed differential expression of 156 distinct plasma proteins between time 0 and at least one post-vaccination time point. Using 1.5-fold change in expression as physiologically significant, 14/156 (9.0%) proteins were upregulated in at least one stingray through at least one experimental timepoint. Upregulated proteins included complement factors, Mx-protein, hemopexin, factor X and prothrombin. Seventy-six of 156 (48.7%) proteins were downregulated in the acute-phase response, including transferrin, apolipoprotein B, heparin cofactor 2, alpha2-macroglobulin, and various growth factors. Other differentially upregulated or downregulated proteins included intracellular, cell binding and structural proteins, proteins involved in physiologic processes, and unknown/hypothetical proteins. Selected bioactive factors are discussed for their putative roles in the elasmobranchs acute-phase response. These findings contribute to our understanding of disease processes in elasmobranchs, immunologic phylogeny in vertebrates, and begin the search for potential biomarkers of disease in these ecologically important fish. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Marancik, David P.; Camus, Alvin C.] Univ Georgia, Dept Pathol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Fast, Mark D.] Univ Prince Edward Isl, Dept Pathol & Microbiol, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada. RP Marancik, DP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, 501 DW Brooks Dr, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM david.marancik@ars.usda.gov NR 57 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 30 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1050-4648 J9 FISH SHELLFISH IMMUN JI Fish Shellfish Immunol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 34 IS 5 BP 1383 EP 1389 DI 10.1016/j.fsi.2013.02.024 PG 7 WC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA 129UX UT WOS:000317870600047 PM 23470813 ER PT J AU Sudduth, KA Myers, DB Kitchen, NR Drummond, ST AF Sudduth, Kenneth A. Myers, D. Brenton Kitchen, Newell R. Drummond, Scott T. TI Modeling soil electrical conductivity-depth relationships with data from proximal and penetrating ECa sensors SO GEODERMA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Global Workshop on Proximal Soil Sensing (PSS) CY MAY 15-18, 2011 CL McGill Univ, Montreal, CANADA SP Int Union Soil Sci (IUSS) Working Grp Proximal Soil Sensing (WG-PSS) HO McGill Univ DE Electrical conductivity; Model inversion; Penetrometer; Claypan; Topsoil depth ID ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION MEASUREMENTS; INVERSION; SALINITY; PROFILES; NUMBER; AGRICULTURE; INSTRUMENTS; SENSITIVITY; EM38DD; LOESS AB Apparent soil electrical conductivity (ECa), a widely used proximal soil sensing technology, is related to several important soil properties, including salinity, clay content, and bulk density. Particularly in layered soils, interpretation of ECa variations would be enhanced with better calibrations to depth-wise variations in these soil properties. Thus, the objective of this research was to combine point measurements of layer conductivity obtained using ECa-equipped penetrometers with mapped ECa data from proximal sensors for improved quantification of conductivity-depth relationships in layered soils. Data were collected from a set of large plots on a claypan-soil landscape in central Missouri which had been managed in grain and perennial grass cropping systems for 20 years. Soil ECa variation with depth was represented by both two- and three-layer models that were visualized and parameterized with the use of penetrometer ECa data. The three-layer model provided a more realistic representation of the soil profiles in the study area and provided similar topsoil depth estimation accuracy as the commonly used two layer model. Penetrometer ECa data also provided efficient and accurate (r(2) = 0.92) estimation of calibration-point topsoil depth as an alternative to soil coring and manual determination. A key to accurate model calibration was selection of points from areas of spatially-homogeneous proximal ECa. Combining penetrometer ECa with proximal ECa data improved modeling of conductivity-depth relationships in terms of model selection, model parameterization, and model calibration. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Sudduth, Kenneth A.; Myers, D. Brenton; Kitchen, Newell R.; Drummond, Scott T.] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Sudduth, KA (reprint author), Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, 269 Agr Engn Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM Ken.Sudduth@ars.usda.gov NR 44 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0016-7061 J9 GEODERMA JI Geoderma PD MAY PY 2013 VL 199 SI SI BP 12 EP 21 DI 10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.10.006 PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 129ZQ UT WOS:000317882900003 ER PT J AU Hanzlicek, GA Renter, DR White, BJ Wagner, BA Dargatz, DA Sanderson, MW Scott, HM Larson, RE AF Hanzlicek, Gregg A. Renter, David R. White, Brad J. Wagner, Bruce A. Dargatz, David A. Sanderson, Michael W. Scott, H. Morgan Larson, Robert E. TI Management practices associated with the rate of respiratory tract disease among preweaned beef calves in cow-calf operations in the United States SO JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID RISK-FACTORS; FEEDLOT CATTLE; DAIRY CALVES; MORBIDITY AB Objective-To assess associations between herd management practices and herd-level rates of bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC) in preweaned beef calves in US cow-calf operations. Design-Cross-sectional survey. Sample-443 herds weighted to represent the US cow-calf population. Procedures-Producers from 24 states were selected to participate in a 2-phase survey; 443 producers completed both survey phases and had calves born alive during the study period. Data from those respondents underwent multivariable negative binomial regression analyses. Results-Bred heifer importation was associated with lower BRDC rates (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 0.40; confidence interval [CI], 0.19 to 0.82), whereas weaned steer importation was associated with higher BRDC rates (IRR, 2.62; CI, 1.15 to 5.97). Compared with single-breed herds, operations with calves of 2-breed crosses (IRR, 2.36; CI, 1.30 to 4.29) or 3-breed crosses (IRR, 4.00; CI, 1.93 to 8.31) or composite-herd calves (IRR, 2.27; CI, 1.00 to 5.16) had higher BRDC rates. Operations classified as supplemental sources of income had lower BRDC rates (IRR, 0.48; CI, 0.26 to 0.87) than did operations classified as primary sources of income. Reported feed supplementation with antimicrobials was positively associated with BRDC rates (IRR, 3.46; CI, 1.39 to 8.60). The reported number of visits by outsiders in an average month also was significantly associated with herd-level BRDC rates, but the magnitude and direction of the effects varied. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Management practices associated with preweaning BRDC rates may be potential indicators or predictors of preweaning BRDC rates in cow-calf production systems. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2013;242:1271-1278) C1 [Hanzlicek, Gregg A.] Kansas State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Kansas State Vet Diagnost Lab, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Renter, David R.; Sanderson, Michael W.; Scott, H. Morgan] Kansas State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Diagnost Med & Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [White, Brad J.; Larson, Robert E.] Kansas State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Clin Sci, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Wagner, Bruce A.; Dargatz, David A.] USDA, Ctr Epidemiol & Anim Hlth, Anim Hlth Inspect Serv, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Renter, DR (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Diagnost Med & Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM drenter@vet.ksu.edu RI White, Brad/C-2791-2008 OI White, Brad/0000-0002-4293-6128 NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 15 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0003-1488 J9 JAVMA-J AM VET MED A JI JAVMA-J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 1 PY 2013 VL 242 IS 9 BP 1271 EP 1278 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 129XJ UT WOS:000317877000016 PM 23600786 ER PT J AU Moreno, R Aita, GM Madsen, L Gutierrez, DL Yao, SM Hurlburt, B Brashear, S AF Moreno, Reynaldo Aita, Giovanna M. Madsen, Lee Gutierrez, Dina L. Yao, Shaomian Hurlburt, Barry Brashear, Suzanne TI Identification of naturally isolated Southern Louisiana's algal strains and the effect of higher CO2 content on fatty acid profiles for biodiesel production SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Biodiesel; algae; lipids; esterification; carbon dioxide; Chlorella sorokiniana ID 18S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; CARBON-DIOXIDE; GENE-SEQUENCES; MICROALGAE; PHYLOGENY; BIOFUELS; GROWTH; CHLOROPHYCEAE; AMPLIFICATION AB BACKGROUND: Microalgae, with both high biomass productivity and oil content, are regarded as attractive candidates for the production of alternative biodiesel as well as for CO2 biofixation. In the present study, four microalgal strains native to southeastern Louisiana's waters were isolated and identified to evaluate their potential for the production of biodiesel. Selected strains were identified through genomic DNA in sequencing of either 16S rRNA or 18S rRNA genes followed by lipid and fatty acid content characterization and quantification. RESULTS: High correlation was found with known nucleotide sequence identities at 98% with Sellaphora pupula, and 99% with Synechococcus sp., Chlorella sorokiniana, Scenedesmus abundans, and Chlorella vulgaris (control). The fatty acid profiles of these organisms changed when using 5% CO2 aeration. Total fatty acids (TFA) decreased from 20.63 to 17.62, 54.83 to 24.4, and 29.82 to 23.99 g kg1 in Synechococcus sp., Sellaphora pupula and Chlorella sorokiniana, respectively. TFA increased from 14.14 to 31.49 and 15.14 to 47.52 g kg1 dry biomass in Scenedesmus abundans and Chlorella vulgaris (control), respectively. CONCLUSION: Chlorella sorokiniana, with a lower C18:3 and the highest biomass yield at 5% CO2 aeration, was found to be the best candidate for biodiesel production. (c) 2012 Society of Chemical Industry C1 [Moreno, Reynaldo; Aita, Giovanna M.; Madsen, Lee] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Audubon Sugar Inst, St Gabriel, LA 70776 USA. [Gutierrez, Dina L.; Yao, Shaomian] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Vet Med, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Hurlburt, Barry; Brashear, Suzanne] USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Aita, GM (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Audubon Sugar Inst, St Gabriel, LA 70776 USA. EM gaita@agcenter.lsu.edu FU US Department of Energy [DE-FG36-08GO88151] FX The authors would like to thank the US Department of Energy (Award DE-FG36-08GO88151) for their financial support of this research project. The authors would also like to thank Dr Matthew Brown from the Socolofsky Microscopy Center in the Department of Biological Sciences at Louisiana State University for his help with confocal microscopy. NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 42 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0268-2575 J9 J CHEM TECHNOL BIOT JI J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 88 IS 5 BP 948 EP 957 DI 10.1002/jctb.3930 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry; Engineering GA 127CX UT WOS:000317674400029 ER PT J AU Coblentz, WK Grabber, JH AF Coblentz, W. K. Grabber, J. H. TI In situ protein degradation of alfalfa and birdsfoot trefoil hays and silages as influenced by condensed tannin concentration SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE condensed tannins; effective ruminal disappearance; in situ; protein ID RED-CLOVER; FORAGE LEGUMES; PROANTHOCYANIDIN BIOSYNTHESIS; DISAPPEARANCE KINETICS; LOTUS-CORNICULATUS; FIBER DEGRADATION; DRY-MATTER; DAIRY-COWS; RUMEN; DEGRADABILITY AB Dairy cattle often make poor use of protein when offered diets comprising high proportions of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) hay or silage because nonprotein N formed during forage conservation and ruminal fermentation exceeds requirements for rumen microbial protein synthesis; however, condensed tannins (CT) may reduce proteolysis in the silo and in the rumen, thereby potentially improving the efficiency of crude protein (CP) use in ruminant diets. Two harvests, yielding 12 hays and 12 silages made from alfalfa and birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) that varied in concentrations of CT, were evaluated for in situ disappearance kinetics of CP in 6 ruminally cannulated lactating Holstein dairy cows (627 +/- 56.3 kg). Prior to conservation, alfalfa contained no detectable CT, whereas CT in fresh lyophilized birdsfoot trefoil ranged from 1.16 to 2.77% of dry matter, as determined by a modified acetone-butanol-HCl assay. Percentages of CP remaining at each incubation time were fitted to nonlinear regression models with or without a discrete lag time. Effective ruminal disappearance of CP (rumen-degradable protein, RDP) was calculated by 3 procedures that included (1) no discrete lag (RDPNL), (2) discrete lag (RDPL), and (3) discrete lag with a lag adjustment (RDPLADJ). Regardless of the calculation method, RDP declined linearly with increasing CT concentrations (R-2 = 0.62 to 0.97). Generally, tests of homogeneity showed that conservation type (hay or silage) or harvest (silage only) affected intercepts, but not slopes in regressions of RDP on CT. A positive relationship between lag time and CT suggests that the RDPLADJ approach may be most appropriate for calculating RDP for legumes containing tannins. With this approach, regression intercepts were mainly affected by conservation method, and RDPLADJ averaged 77.5 and 88.7% of CP for hay and silage, respectively, when no CT was present. Greater estimates of RDP for silages were related to extensive proteolysis in laboratory silos resulting in conversions of protein into nonprotein N forms, which readily washed out of Dacron bags. When RDPLADJ and CT were expressed on a CP basis, regression slopes indicated that each unit of CT protected 0.61 units of CP from ruminal degradation in hays and silages. Applying this relationship to a typical mid-maturity forage legume containing 21% CP suggests that a CT concentration of 3.8% of DM would be required to reduce RDP from 81% to a 70% target considered optimal for improving protein utilization and milk yields by dairy cattle. C1 [Coblentz, W. K.] ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. [Grabber, J. H.] ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Coblentz, WK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. EM wayne.coblentz@ars.usda.gov NR 41 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 5 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 96 IS 5 BP 3120 EP 3137 DI 10.3168/jds.2012-6098 PG 18 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 127ML UT WOS:000317703000041 PM 23477815 ER PT J AU Lopes, F Coblentz, W Hoffman, PC Combs, DK AF Lopes, F. Coblentz, W. Hoffman, P. C. Combs, D. K. TI Assessment of heifer grazing experience on short-term adaptation to pasture and performance as lactating cows SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE heifer; grazing behavior; milk production ID BEHAVIOR; GOATS; BLACKBRUSH; INGESTION; CATTLE; CALVES; LAMBS; SHEEP; LIFE; FOOD AB A 3-yr study evaluated the carryover effects of dairy heifer grazing experience on behavior and first-lactation performance as dairy cows. Forty-one Holstein and 23 Holstein-Jersey crossbred calves born between January and April 2008 were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatments (n = 8 per group, 2 groups per treatment) in a completely randomized design. Treatments were combinations of managing dairy heifers in confinement (CNF) or on pasture (PST): grazed yr 1 and 2 (PSTPST); grazed yr 1, but confined yr 2 (PSTCNF); confined yr 1 and grazed yr 2 (CNFPST); or confined yr 1 and 2 (CNFCNF). After calving, all heifers on all treatments were grazed as cows in yr 3. In yr 1, PSTPST and PSTCNF heifers were grazed for 41 d on Italian ryegrass pastures, whereas CNFPST and CNFCNF were housed in bedded-pack pens and fed a TMR. In yr 2, PSTPST and CNFPST heifers grazed Italian ryegrass pasture for 65 d, whereas PSTCNF and CNFCNF remained in confinement. In yr 2, a mid-trial assessment of heifer grazing behavior was made on PSTPST versus CNFPST heifers. Grazing activities were assessed by visual observation and heifer movement measured by portable global positioning system units. Heifers from all treatment groups subsequently calved between January and April in yr 3. All primiparous cows were then allocated to pastures by treatment group, grazed for 61 d, (May through July) in yr 3, with grazing behavior and milk production evaluated while grazing. In yr 2, heifers on the PSTPST treatment spent more time grazing than heifers on the CNFPST treatment (78 vs. 35% of the time) when first exposed to pasture (d 1). On d 1 to 3, PSTPST heifers walked a greater distance than CNFPST heifers; however, PSTPST and CNFPST heifers had similar daily grazing times and walking patterns after 3 d of pasture exposure in yr 2. As lactating cows (yr 3), cows with no (CNFCNF) grazing experience grazed less on d 1 compared with cows with (PSTPST, PSTCNF, or CNFPST) grazing experience. Day-1 grazing times in yr 3 were 62, 59, 76, and 13% of the times for cows with PSTPST, PSTCNF, CNFPST, and CNFCNF grazing experience, respectively. In yr 3, on d 1 to 3, cows with previous grazing experience as heifers (PSTPST, CNFPST, and PSTCNF) walked a greater distance than cows without previous grazing experience (CNFCNF). Milk production was lowest on d 1 to 3 for cows with no previous grazing experience (CNFCNF), but average daily milk production was not different overall over the 61 d of study in yr 3. Results indicate that grazing experiences as a heifer can affect behavior and milk production during a cow's first days on pasture. After a short acclimation period, dairy cows without grazing experience as heifers developed similar grazing behaviors and performance as cows with grazing experience as heifers. C1 [Lopes, F.; Hoffman, P. C.; Combs, D. K.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Dairy Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Coblentz, W.] ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. RP Combs, DK (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Dairy Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM dkcombs@wisc.edu FU HATCH [WIS01539, NE-1044] FX Appreciation is extended to HATCH project WIS01539, NE-1044 multi-state research formula fund Hatch Capacity-Grazing for funding this project to D. K. Combs. The authors thank the staff at Marshfield Agriculture Research Station (Marshfield, WI), Sandy Trower (Arlington Research Station, Arlington, WI) for animal care and trial management, and Peter Crump of the University of Wisconsin (Madison) College of Agricultural and Life Sciences (CALS) Computer Consulting Lab for assistance with statistical analysis of the data. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 96 IS 5 BP 3138 EP 3152 DI 10.3168/jds.2012-6125 PG 15 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 127ML UT WOS:000317703000042 PM 23522679 ER PT J AU Soder, KJ Brito, AF Rubano, MD AF Soder, K. J. Brito, A. F. Rubano, M. D. TI Effect of supplementing orchardgrass herbage with a total mixed ration or flaxseed on fermentation profile and bacterial protein synthesis in continuous culture SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE flaxseed; herbage; in vitro fermentation; total mixed ration ID LACTATING DAIRY-COWS; FATTY-ACID PROFILE; SYSTEMS COMBINING PASTURE; DRY-MATTER INTAKE; MILK-PRODUCTION; RUMINAL FERMENTATION; PERENNIAL RYEGRASS; MICROBIAL-GROWTH; METHANE OUTPUT; NUTRIENT FLOW AB A 4-unit dual-flow continuous culture fermentor system was used to evaluate the effects of supplementing fresh herbage with a total mixed ration (TMR) or flaxseed on nutrient digestibility, fermentation profile, and bacterial N synthesis. Diets were randomly assigned to fermentors in a 4 x 4 Latin square design. Each fermentor was fed a total of 70 g of dry matter/d of 1 of 4 diets: (1) 100% freeze-dried orchardgrass herbage (Dactylis glomerata L.; HERB), (2) 100% freeze-dried TMR (100TMR), (3) 50% orchardgrass herbage supplemented with 50% TMR (50TMR), or (4) 90% orchardgrass herbage supplemented with 10% ground flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.; FLAX). Preplanned, single degree of freedom orthogonal contrasts were constructed to assess the effects of feeding system (HERB vs. 100TMR), herbage supplementation (HERB vs. 50TMR + FLAX), and herbage supplemental source (50TMR vs. FLAX). Compared with the HERB diet, the 100TMR diet significantly reduced apparent digestibility of neutral detergent fiber. Herbage supplementation with 50TMR or FLAX significantly reduced or tended to reduce apparent digestibilities of dry matter, organic matter, and neutral detergent fiber, suggesting that replacing high-quality, highly digestible fresh herbage with forage TMR likely caused depressions in nutrient digestibilities. Concentration of total volatile fatty acids, molar proportions of acetate, propionate, and isovalerate, as well as the acetate:propionate ratios were all significantly higher in fermentors fed 100TMR compared with HERB, likely in response to enhanced supply of fermentable energy. In general, feeding system, herbage supplementation, and type of supplementation did not affect N metabolism in the present study. The few significant changes in N metabolism (e.g., flows of total N and non-NH3-N) were primarily linked to increased fermentor N supply with feeding herbage-based diets (HERB and FLAX). Although TMR-based diets decreased nutrient digestibility slightly, TMR offered advantages in bacterial fermentation in relation to volatile fatty acid production, which could potentially translate into better animal performance. Flaxseed shows promise as an alternative supplement for herbage-based diets; however, further in vivo evaluation is needed to determine the optimal level to optimize animal production while reducing feed costs. C1 [Soder, K. J.; Rubano, M. D.] ARS, USDA, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Brito, A. F.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Biol Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Soder, KJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM kathy.soder@ars.usda.gov NR 43 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 96 IS 5 BP 3228 EP 3237 DI 10.3168/jds.2012-6307 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 127ML UT WOS:000317703000050 PM 23522677 ER PT J AU Cooper, TA Wiggans, GR VanRaden, PM AF Cooper, T. A. Wiggans, G. R. VanRaden, P. M. TI Short communication: Relationship of call rate and accuracy of single nucleotide polymorphism genotypes in dairy cattle SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE call rate; genotype accuracy; genomic evaluation AB Call rates on both a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) basis and an animal basis are used as measures of data quality and as screening tools for genomic studies and evaluations of dairy cattle. To investigate the relationship of SNP call rate and genotype accuracy for individual SNP, the correlation between percentages of missing genotypes and parent-progeny conflicts for each SNP was calculated for 103,313 Holsteins. Correlations ranged from 0.14 to 0.38 for the BovineSNP50 and BovineLD (Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA) and GeneSeek Genomic Profiler (Neogen Corp., Lincoln, NE) chips, with lower correlations for newer chips. For US genomic evaluations, genotypes are excluded for animals with a call rate of <90% across autosomal SNP or <80% across X-specific SNP. Mean call rate for 220,175 Holstein, Jersey, and Brown Swiss genotypes was 99.6%. Animal genotypes with a call rate of <= 99% were examined from the US Department of Agriculture genotype database to determine how genotype call rate is related to accuracy of calls on an animal basis. Animal call rate was determined from SNP used in genomic evaluation and is the number of called autosomal and X-specific SNP genotypes divided by the number of SNP from that type of chip. To investigate the relationship of animal call rate and parentage validation, conflicts between a genotyped animal and its sire or dam were determined through a duo test (opposite homozygous SNP genotypes between sire and progeny; 1,374 animal genotypes) and a trio test (also including conflicts with dam and heterozygous SNP genotype for the animal when both parents are the same homozygote; 482 animal genotypes). When animal call rate was <= 80%, parentage validation was no longer reliable with the duo test. With the trio test, parentage validation was no longer reliable when animal call rate was <= 90%. To investigate how animal call rate was related to genotyping accuracy for animals with multiple genotypes, concordance between genotypes for 1,216 animals that had a genotype with a call rate of <= 99% (low call rate) as well as a genotype with a call rate of >99% (high call rate) were calculated by dividing the number of identical SNP genotype calls by the number of SNP that were called for both genotypes. Mean concordance between low- and high-call genotypes was >99% for a low call rate of >90% but decreased to 97% for a call rate of 86 to 90% and to 58% for a call rate of <60%. Edits on call rate reduce the use of incorrect SNP genotypes to calculate genomic evaluations. C1 [Cooper, T. A.; Wiggans, G. R.; VanRaden, P. M.] ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Cooper, TA (reprint author), ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Tabatha.Cooper@ars.usda.gov NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 96 IS 5 BP 3336 EP 3339 DI 10.3168/jds.2012-6208 PG 4 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 127ML UT WOS:000317703000062 PM 23497995 ER PT J AU Tomasula, PM Yee, WCF McAloon, AJ Nutter, DW Bonnaillie, LM AF Tomasula, P. M. Yee, W. C. F. McAloon, A. J. Nutter, D. W. Bonnaillie, L. M. TI Computer simulation of energy use, greenhouse gas emissions, and process economics of the fluid milk process SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE greenhouse gas; milk processing; specific energy consumption; economics ID CLEANING-IN-PLACE; MICROFILTRATION; PRESSURE AB Energy-savings measures have been implemented in fluid milk plants to lower energy costs and the energy-related carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Although these measures have resulted in reductions in steam, electricity, compressed air, and refrigeration use of up to 30%, a benchmarking framework is necessary to examine the implementation of process-specific measures that would lower energy use, costs, and CO2 emissions even further. In this study, using information provided by the dairy industry and equipment vendors, a customizable model of the fluid milk process was developed for use in process design software to benchmark the electrical and fuel energy consumption and CO2 emissions of current processes. It may also be used to test the feasibility of new processing concepts to lower energy and CO2 emissions with calculation of new capital and operating costs. The accuracy of the model in predicting total energy usage of the entire fluid milk process and the pasteurization step was validated using available literature and industry energy data. Computer simulation of small (40.0 million L/yr), medium (113.6 million L/yr), and large (227.1 million L/yr) processing plants predicted the carbon footprint of milk, defined as grams of CO2 equivalents (CO2e) per kilogram of packaged milk, to within 5% of the value of 96 g of CO2e/kg of packaged milk obtained in an industry-conducted life cycle assessment and also showed, in agreement with the same study, that plant size had no effect on the carbon footprint of milk but that larger plants were more cost effective in producing milk. Analysis of the pasteurization step showed that increasing the percentage regeneration of the pasteurizer from 90 to 96% would lower its thermal energy use by almost 60% and that implementation of partial homogenization would lower electrical energy use and CO2e emissions of homogenization by 82 and 5.4%, respectively. It was also demonstrated that implementation of steps to lower non-process-related electrical energy in the plant would be more effective in lowering energy use and CO2e emissions than fuel-related energy reductions. The model also predicts process-related water usage, but this portion of the model was not validated due to a lack of data. The simulator model can serve as a benchmarking framework for current plant operations and a tool to test cost-effective process upgrades or evaluate new technologies that improve the energy efficiency and lower the carbon footprint of milk processing plants. C1 [Tomasula, P. M.; Bonnaillie, L. M.] ARS, Dairy & Funct Foods Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Yee, W. C. F.; McAloon, A. J.] ARS, Engn & Scaleup Proc & Econ Res Support Grp, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Nutter, D. W.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Mech Engn, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Tomasula, PM (reprint author), ARS, Dairy & Funct Foods Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM peggy.tomasula@ars.usda.gov NR 40 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 96 IS 5 BP 3350 EP 3368 DI 10.3168/jds.2012-6215 PG 19 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 127ML UT WOS:000317703000064 PM 23522681 ER PT J AU Poessel, SA Gese, EM AF Poessel, Sharon A. Gese, Eric M. TI Den attendance patterns in swift foxes during pup rearing: varying degrees of parental investment within the breeding pair SO JOURNAL OF ETHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Carnivore; Canid; Helper; Parental care; Sociality; Vulpes velox ID VULPES-VELOX; SOUTHEASTERN COLORADO; SOCIAL-ORGANIZATION; ARCTIC FOX; KIT FOXES; POPULATION; SURVIVAL; BEHAVIOR; MAMMALS; MONOGAMY AB Parental investment varies in mammalian species, with male care of young being more common in social and monogamous species. Monogamy is commonly observed in canid species, with both males and females, and often "helper" individuals, providing some degree of care for the young. Social units of the swift fox (Vulpes velox), a small North American canid species, usually consist of a male-female pair and occasionally helpers. The role of parental investment and behavior in swift fox society is currently poorly understood. We observed swift fox dens during the pup-rearing season in each of 2 years to evaluate attendance and frequency of visits to natal dens by adult males and females. Female foxes remained at dens longer and visited them more frequently than did male foxes. Female attendance and visitation decreased throughout the pup-rearing season as pups became older and more independent. Environmental factors, including climate and its effect on prey, appeared to contribute to differences in fox behavior between the 2 years. We observed only one fox outside of the breeding pair attending a den in each of the 2 years, both of which were males. We concluded that each of these two foxes were living within the social unit of the male-female pair as a trio, but not serving as a helper and contributing to the care of the pups. Our results increased knowledge of the ecology and behavior of the swift fox, a species of conservation concern in the Great Plains of North America. C1 [Poessel, Sharon A.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Gese, Eric M.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, USDA WS Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Poessel, SA (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, 5230 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM sharpoes@gmail.com RI Poessel, Sharon/B-3651-2013; Gese, Eric/B-4578-2011 OI Poessel, Sharon/0000-0002-0283-627X; FU U.S. Army, Directorate of Environmental Compliance and Management, Fort Carson, Colorado, through the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Colorado Assistance Office, Denver, Colorado; U.S. Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center at Utah State University, Logan, Utah FX Funding and logistical support was provided by the U.S. Army, Directorate of Environmental Compliance and Management, Fort Carson, Colorado, through the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Colorado Assistance Office, Denver, Colorado. Additional support was provided by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center at Utah State University, Logan, Utah. We thank E. Joyce, C. Thompson, J. White, E. Cleere, M. Watkins, D. Degeranno, A. Larkins, C. Roemer, D. Fletcher, W. Ulrey, S. Schopman, C. Gazal, A. Knipps, J. Garner, and C. Briggs for field assistance. We also thank S. Durham for statistical assistance. NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 57 PU SPRINGER JAPAN KK PI TOKYO PA CHIYODA FIRST BLDG EAST, 3-8-1 NISHI-KANDA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 101-0065, JAPAN SN 0289-0771 J9 J ETHOL JI J. Ethol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 31 IS 2 BP 193 EP 201 DI 10.1007/s10164-013-0368-y PG 9 WC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology GA 131FY UT WOS:000317979300012 ER PT J AU Jauhar, PP Peterson, TS AF Jauhar, Prem P. Peterson, Terrance S. TI Synthesis and Characterization of Advanced Durum Wheat Hybrids and Addition Lines with Thinopyrum Chromosomes SO JOURNAL OF HEREDITY LA English DT Article DE alien chromosome; disomic addition line; fluorescent genomic in situ hybridization (fl-GISH); homoeologous chromosome pairing; intergeneric hybrids; molecular markers; monosomic addition line ID FUSARIUM HEAD BLIGHT; LOPHOPYRUM-ELONGATUM; CYTOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; TRIGENERIC HYBRIDS; CROP IMPROVEMENT; B-GENOME; BESSARABICUM; RESISTANCE; MARKERS AB Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L., 2n = 4x = 28; AABB genomes) is a natural hybrid an allotetraploid between 2 wild species, Triticum urartu Tumanian (AA genome) and Aegilops speltoides Tausch (BB genome). Even at the allotetraploid level, durum wheat can tolerate chromosomal imbalance, for example, addition of alien chromosome 1E of diploid wheatgrass, Lophopyrum elongatum. Therefore, one way to broaden its genetic base is to add a desirable chromosome(s) from diploid wild relatives. We attempted chromosomal engineering with chromosomes of a diploid wheatgrass, Thinopyrum bessarabicum-a source of resistance to some diseases including Fusarium head blight. Several advanced hybrids and alien addition lines were studied using traditional cytology, multicolor fluorescent genomic in situ hybridization, and molecular markers. Hybrid derivatives varied in chromosome number from F-1 to F-8 generations and in backcross generations. In advanced generations, we exercised selection against 28-chromosome plants and in favor of 30-chromosome plants that helped recover 14 addition lines in the F8 generation, as indicated by the absence of segregation for 29-chromosome plants. Disomic additions showed regular meiosis with 15 bivalents, 14 of durum wheat, and 1 of Th. bessarabicum. The addition lines will facilitate further chromosome engineering work on durum wheat for broadening its genetic base. C1 [Jauhar, Prem P.; Peterson, Terrance S.] ARS, USDA, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. RP Jauhar, PP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM prem.jauhar@ndsu.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service FX United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely to provide specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. The USDA is an equal opportunity employer. NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 15 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1503 J9 J HERED JI J. Hered. PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 104 IS 3 BP 428 EP 436 DI 10.1093/jhered/ess143 PG 9 WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 130BK UT WOS:000317887500012 PM 23396879 ER PT J AU Visi, DK D'Souza, N Ayre, BG Webber, CL Allen, MS AF Visi, David K. D'Souza, Nandika Ayre, Brian G. Webber, Charles L., III Allen, Michael S. TI Investigation of the bacterial retting community of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus) under different conditions using next-generation semiconductor sequencing SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Microbial diversity; Retting; Semiconductor; Sequencing; Bioproducts ID THERMOPHILIC BACILLUS SP; PECTATE LYASE; PAENIBACILLUS-POLYMYXA; MICROBIAL-POPULATIONS; FIBER PROPERTIES; STRAINS; FLAX; JUTE; PURIFICATION; ENZYMES AB The microbial communities associated with kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus) plant fibers during retting were determined in an effort to identify possible means of accelerating this process for industrial scale-up. Microbial communities were identified by semiconductor sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons from DNA harvested from plant-surface associated samples and analyzed using an Ion Torrent PGM. The communities were sampled after 96 h from each of three different conditions, including amendments with pond water, sterilized pond water, or with a mixture of pectinolytic bacterial isolates. Additionally, plants from two different sources and having different pretreatment conditions were compared. We report that the best retting communities are dominated by members of the order Clostridiales. These bacteria appear to be naturally associated with the plant material, although slight variations between source materials were found. Additionally, heavy inoculations of pectinolytic bacteria established themselves and in addition their presence facilitated the rapid dominance of the original plant-associated Clostridiales. These data suggest that members of the order Clostridiales dominate the community and are most closely associated with efficient and effective retting. The results further suggest that establishment of the community structure is first driven by the switch to anaerobic conditions, and subsequently by possible competition for nitrogen. These findings reveal important bacterial groups involved in fiber retting, and suggest mechanisms for the manipulation of the community and retting efficiency by modifying nutrient availability. C1 [Visi, David K.; Allen, Michael S.] Univ N Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Forens & Investigat Genet, Ft Worth, TX 76107 USA. [Visi, David K.; Ayre, Brian G.; Allen, Michael S.] Univ N Texas, Dept Biol Sci, Denton, TX 76203 USA. [D'Souza, Nandika] Univ N Texas, Dept Mech & Energy Engn, Denton, TX 76203 USA. [Webber, Charles L., III] ARS, Sugarcane Res Unit, USDA, Houma, LA 70361 USA. RP Allen, MS (reprint author), Univ N Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Forens & Investigat Genet, Ft Worth, TX 76107 USA. EM michael.allen@unthsc.edu OI Ayre, Brian/0000-0002-7399-200X FU National Science Foundation [IIP-1114389] FX This work was supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation's Partnerships for Innovation award #IIP-1114389 to NAD and MSA. We would also like to thank Dr. Sheldon Shi for providing us with kenaf from Mississippi. NR 48 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 28 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1367-5435 J9 J IND MICROBIOL BIOT JI J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 40 IS 5 BP 465 EP 475 DI 10.1007/s10295-013-1242-1 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 126WH UT WOS:000317652200007 PM 23475284 ER PT J AU Liu, YH Morgan, S Ream, A Huang, LH AF Liu, Yanhong Morgan, Shannon Ream, Amy Huang, Lihan TI Gene expression profiling of a nisin-sensitive Listeria monocytogenes Scott A ctsR deletion mutant SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Listeria monocytogenes Scott A; Microarray and quantitative real-time PCR; Nisin ID HIGH HYDROSTATIC-PRESSURE; ETHANOLAMINE UTILIZATION; INNATE RESISTANCE; ABC TRANSPORTER; INACTIVATION; ANTIBIOTICS; STRESS; CONTRIBUTES; PATHOGEN; BACTERIA AB Listeria monocytogenes is a food-borne pathogen of significant threat to public health. Nisin is the only bacteriocin that can be used as a food preservative. Due to its antimicrobial activity, it can be used to control L. monocytogenes in food; however, the antimicrobial mechanism of nisin activity against L. monocytogenes is not fully understood. The CtsR (class III stress gene repressor) protein negatively regulates the expression of class III heat shock genes. A spontaneous pressure-tolerant ctsR deletion mutant that showed increased sensitivity to nisin has been identified. Microarray technology was used to monitor the gene expression profiles of the ctsR mutant under treatments with nisin. Compared to the nisin-treated wild type, 113 genes were up-regulated (> 2-fold increase) in the ctsR deletion mutant whereas four genes were down-regulated (<-2-fold decrease). The up-regulated genes included genes that encode for ribosomal proteins, membrane proteins, cold-shock domain proteins, translation initiation and elongation factors, cell division, an ATP-dependent ClpC protease, a putative accessory gene regulator protein D, transport and binding proteins, a beta-glucoside-specific phosphotransferase system IIABC component, as well as hypothetical proteins. The down-regulated genes consisted of genes that encode for virulence, a transcriptional regulator, a stress protein, and a hypothetical protein. The gene expression changes determined by microarray assays were confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR analyses. Moreover, an in-frame deletion mutant for one of the induced genes (LMOf2365_1877) was constructed in the wild-type L. monocytogenes F2365 background. Delta LMOf2365_1877 had increased nisin sensitivity compared to the wild-type strain. This study enhances our understanding of how nisin interacts with the ctsR gene product in L. monocytogenes and may contribute to the understanding of the antibacterial mechanisms of nisin. C1 [Liu, Yanhong; Ream, Amy] ARS, Mol Characterizat Foodborne Pathogens Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Morgan, Shannon; Huang, Lihan] Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Residue Chem & Predict Microbiol Res Unit, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Liu, YH (reprint author), ARS, Mol Characterizat Foodborne Pathogens Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM yanhong.liu@ars.usda.gov NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 38 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1367-5435 J9 J IND MICROBIOL BIOT JI J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 40 IS 5 BP 495 EP 505 DI 10.1007/s10295-013-1243-0 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 126WH UT WOS:000317652200010 PM 23494707 ER PT J AU Jacques-Simon, R Millien, M Flanagan, JK Shaw, J Morales, P Pinto, J Pyburn, D Gonzalez, W Ventura, A Lefrancois, T Pradel, J Swenson, S Jenkins-Moore, M Toms, D Erdman, M Cox, L Bracht, AJ Fabian, A Mohamed, FM Moran, K O'Hearn, E Carrillo, C Mayr, G White, W Metwally, S McIntosh, MT Deng, MY AF Jacques-Simon, Rodney Millien, Max Flanagan, J. Keith Shaw, John Morales, Paula Pinto, Julio Pyburn, David Gonzalez, Wendy Ventura, Angel Lefrancois, Thierry Pradel, Jennifer Swenson, Sabrina Jenkins-Moore, Melinda Toms, Dawn Erdman, Matthew Cox, Linda Bracht, Alexa J. Fabian, Andrew Mohamed, Fawzi M. Moran, Karen O'Hearn, Emily Carrillo, Consuelo Mayr, Gregory White, William Metwally, Samia McIntosh, Michael T. Deng, Mingyi TI A field and laboratory investigation of viral diseases of swine in the Republic of Haiti SO JOURNAL OF SWINE HEALTH AND PRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE swine; viral disease; porcine teschovirus; teschovirus encephalomyelitis; Haiti ID PORCINE-TESCHOVIRUS; FEVER VIRUS; PCR AB Objective: To confirm the prevalence of teschovirus encephalomyelitis in multiple regions in Haiti and to identify other viral agents present in the swine population. Materials and methods: A field investigation was conducted on 35 swine premises located in 10 regions. Sera from 109 pigs, including 23 sick and 86 apparently healthy pigs, blood samples from 21 sick pigs, and brains, spinal cords, and other tissue samples from eight humanely euthanized pigs were collected and tested. Results: Of the 109 serum samples, 49.5% and 58.7% were positive for antibodies to porcine teschovirus type 1 (PTV-1) and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2), respectively. Additionally, 7.3%, 11.9%, and 22.0% of sera were positive for antibodies to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and swine influenza virus (SW) H3N2 and H1N1, respectively. Among the 54 sera positive for antibodies to PTV-1, 35 (64.8%) were also positive for antibodies to PCV-2. Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) was isolated from five sera. These results confirm that teschovirus encephalomyelitis is prevalent in multiple regions in Haiti, including areas near the border with the Dominican Republic, and that several other viral disease agents, ie, CSFV, PCV-2, PRRSV, and SW, are present in the Haitian swine population. Implications: Due to the close proximity of the Hispaniola to Puerto Rico, a territory of the United States, and the large number of direct flights from the Hispaniola to the United States, the risk of introducing the viral diseases mentioned in this paper into the North America swine population is high. C1 [Jacques-Simon, Rodney; Millien, Max] Minist Agr Nat Resources & Rural Dev, Natl Vet Serv, Port Au Prince, Haiti. [Flanagan, J. Keith] Interamer Inst Cooperat Agr, Port Au Prince, Haiti. [Shaw, John; Morales, Paula] US Embassy, USDA, APHIS, Santo Domingo, Dominican Rep. [Pinto, Julio; Metwally, Samia] Food & Agr Org, Anim Hlth Serv, Rome, Italy. [Pyburn, David] USDA, APHIS, VS, Swine Hlth Program, Des Moines, IA USA. [Gonzalez, Wendy; Ventura, Angel] Minist Agr, Santo Domingo, Dominican Rep. [Lefrancois, Thierry; Pradel, Jennifer] CIRAD, Mixt Res Unit, F-97170 Petit Bourg, Guadeloupe. [Swenson, Sabrina; Jenkins-Moore, Melinda; Toms, Dawn; Erdman, Matthew; Cox, Linda] USDA, APHIS, NVSL, Ames, IA USA. [Bracht, Alexa J.; Fabian, Andrew; Mohamed, Fawzi M.; Moran, Karen; O'Hearn, Emily; Carrillo, Consuelo; Mayr, Gregory; White, William; McIntosh, Michael T.; Deng, Mingyi] USDA, APHIS, VS, NVSL,FADDL, Greenport, NY USA. RP Deng, MY (reprint author), USDA, APHIS, VS, NVSL,Foreign Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, POB 848, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. EM ming.y.deng@aphis.usda.gov RI lefrancois, thierry/C-5070-2011 OI lefrancois, thierry/0000-0001-8793-5228 NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER ASSOC SWINE VETERINARIANS PI PERRY PA 902 1ST AVE, PERRY, IA 50220-1703 USA SN 1537-209X J9 J SWINE HEALTH PROD JI J. Swine. Health Prod. PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 21 IS 3 BP 130 EP 138 PG 9 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 129ZZ UT WOS:000317883800004 ER PT J AU Eisenberg, T Seeger, H Kasuga, T Eskens, U Sauerwald, C Kaim, U AF Eisenberg, Tobias Seeger, Helga Kasuga, Takao Eskens, Ulrich Sauerwald, Claudia Kaim, Ute TI Detection and characterization of Histoplasma capsulatum in a German badger (Meles meles) by ITS sequencing and multilocus sequencing analysis SO MEDICAL MYCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Histoplasma capsulatum var. farciminosum; Meles meles; badger; internal transcribed spacer (ITS) PCR; multi locus sequence analysis (MLSA) ID CANINE HISTOPLASMOSIS; SKIN-LESIONS; FUNGI; JAPAN; FARCIMINOSUM; PHYLOGENY; GENES; DOG AB A wild badger (Meles meles) with a severe nodular dermatitis was presented for post mortem examination. Numerous cutaneous granulomas with superficial ulceration were present especially on head, dorsum, and forearms were found at necropsy. Histopathological examination of the skin revealed a severe granulomatous dermatitis with abundant intralesional round to spherical yeast-like cells, 2 -5 mu m in diameter, altogether consistent with the clinical appearance of histoplasmosis farciminosi. The structures stained positively with Grocott's methenamine silver and Periodic acid-Schiff stains, but attempts to isolate the etiologic agent at 25 and 37 degrees C failed. DNA was directly extracted from tissue samples and the ribosomal genes ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 were partially sequenced. This revealed 99% identity to sequences from Ajellomyces capsulatus, the teleomorph of Histoplasma capsulatum, which was derived from a human case in Japan, as well as from horses from Egypt and Poland. Phylogenetic multi-locus sequence analysis demonstrated that the fungus in our case belonged to the Eurasian clade which contains members of former varieties H. capsulatum var. capsulatum, H. capsulatum var. farciminosum. This is the first study of molecular and phylogenetic aspects of H. capsulatum, as well as evidence for histoplasmosis farciminosi in a badger, further illuminating the role of this rare pathogen in Central Europe. C1 [Eisenberg, Tobias; Seeger, Helga; Eskens, Ulrich; Sauerwald, Claudia; Kaim, Ute] Div Vet Med, Hessian State Lab LHL, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. [Kasuga, Takao] Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Eisenberg, T (reprint author), Div Vet Med, Hessian State Lab LHL, Schubertstr 60, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. EM tobias.eisenberg@lhl.hessen.de NR 50 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 10 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1369-3786 J9 MED MYCOL JI Med. Mycol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 51 IS 4 BP 337 EP 344 DI 10.3109/13693786.2012.723831 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases; Mycology; Veterinary Sciences SC Infectious Diseases; Mycology; Veterinary Sciences GA 126DR UT WOS:000317592600001 PM 23035880 ER PT J AU Balajee, SA Hurst, SF Chang, LS Miles, M Beeler, E Hale, C Kasuga, T Benedict, K Chiller, T Lindsley, MD AF Balajee, S. Arunmozhi Hurst, Steven F. Chang, Loretta S. Miles, Macon Beeler, Emily Hale, Christa Kasuga, Takao Benedict, Kaitlin Chiller, Tom Lindsley, Mark D. TI Multilocus sequence typing of Histoplasma capsulatum in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues from cats living in non-endemic regions reveals a new phylogenetic clade SO MEDICAL MYCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE FFPE tissue; feline histoplasmosis; H. capsulatum ID PCR AMPLIFICATION; MOLECULAR-DETECTION; INFECTIONS; EXTRACTION; SPECIMENS; DIAGNOSIS; FIXATION; CANINE; TIME; DNA AB Infections caused by Histoplasma capsulatum are found most often in endemic regions of North, Central, and South America. H. capsulatum has been divided into eight geographic clades by multi-locus sequence typing (MLST). Recently, one isolate and five formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples were received from six of 15 suspected cases of histoplasmosis in cats residing in areas not known to be endemic for H. capsulatum. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and sequence analysis of the rDNA ITS-2 region confirmed the diagnosis of H. capsulatum. Since these cases were not, as noted, from the accepted endemic areas, it was of interest to understand the molecular epidemiology of these isolates. Results of molecular analysis indicated that the H. capsulatum recovered from the cats were most closely related to the North American-1 clade, but clustered separately outside this clade, suggesting that the H. capsulatum infecting the animals may represent a separate clade or phylogenetic species. This study also demonstrated the utility of obtaining valuable molecular subtype data directly from archived FFPE tissue blocks, particularly when a fungus culture was not performed or is otherwise unavailable. C1 [Balajee, S. Arunmozhi] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hurst, Steven F.; Chang, Loretta S.; Benedict, Kaitlin; Chiller, Tom; Lindsley, Mark D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Chang, Loretta S.; Hale, Christa] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Beeler, Emily] Los Angeles Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Hale, Christa] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Kasuga, Takao] Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Miles, Macon] Anim Emergency & Referral Ctr, Torrance, CA USA. RP Lindsley, MD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop G-11, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mlindsley@cdc.gov NR 23 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 8 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1369-3786 J9 MED MYCOL JI Med. Mycol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 51 IS 4 BP 345 EP 351 DI 10.3109/13693786.2012.733430 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases; Mycology; Veterinary Sciences SC Infectious Diseases; Mycology; Veterinary Sciences GA 126DR UT WOS:000317592600002 ER PT J AU Dalton, CM Mokiao-Lee, A Sakihara, TS Weber, MG Roco, CA Han, Z Dudley, B MacKenzie, RA Hairston, NG AF Dalton, C. M. Mokiao-Lee, A. Sakihara, T. S. Weber, M. G. Roco, C. A. Han, Z. Dudley, B. MacKenzie, R. A. Hairston, N. G., Jr. TI Density- and trait-mediated top-down effects modify bottom-up control of a highly endemic tropical aquatic food web SO OIKOS LA English DT Article ID SHRIMP HALOCARIDINA-RUBRA; FRESH-WATER; GAMBUSIA-AFFINIS; PREDATION RISK; NUTRIENT STOICHIOMETRY; SUBMERGED MACROPHYTES; STRUCTURAL COMPLEXITY; FORAGING EFFICIENCY; VERTICAL MIGRATION; ECOSYSTEM FUNCTION AB Benthic invertebrates mediate bottomup and topdown influences in aquatic food webs, and changes in the abundance or traits of invertebrates can alter the strength of topdown effects. Studies assessing the role of invertebrate abundance and behavior as controls on food web structure are rare at the whole ecosystem scale. Here we use a comparative approach to investigate bottomup and topdown influences on whole anchialine pond ecosystems in coastal Hawaii. In these ponds, a single species of endemic atyid shrimp (Halocaridina rubra) is believed to structure epilithon communities. Many Hawaiian anchialine ponds and their endemic fauna, however, have been greatly altered by bottomup (increased nutrient enrichment) and topdown (introduced fish predators) disturbances from human development. We present the results of a survey of dissolved nutrient concentrations, epilithon biomass and composition, and H. rubra abundance and behavior in anchialine ponds with and without invasive predatory fish along a nutrient concentration gradient on the North Kona coast of Hawaii. We use linear models to assess 1) the effects of nutrient loading and fish introductions on pond food web structure and 2) the role of shrimp density and behavior in effecting that change. We find evidence for bottomup food web control, in that nutrients were associated with increased epilithon biomass, autotrophy and nutrient content as well as increased abundance and size of H. rubra. We also find evidence for topdown control, as ponds with invasive predatory fish had higher epilithon biomass, productivity, and nutrient content. Topdown effects were transmitted by both altered H. rubra abundance, which changed the biomass of epilithon, and H. rubra behavior, which changed the composition of the epilithon. Our study extends experimental findings on bottomup and topdown control to the whole ecosystem scale and finds evidence for qualitatively different effects of trait- and density-mediated change in topdown influences. C1 [Dalton, C. M.; Weber, M. G.; Han, Z.; Hairston, N. G., Jr.] Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Mokiao-Lee, A.; Sakihara, T. S.] Univ Hawaii, Trop Conservat Biol & Environm Sci Grad Program, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Sakihara, T. S.] Dept Land & Nat Resources, Div Aquat Resources, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Roco, C. A.] Cornell Univ, Dept Microbiol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Dudley, B.] Univ Hawaii, Dept Biol, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [MacKenzie, R. A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Dalton, CM (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM cmd273@cornell.edu OI Roco, Constance Armanda/0000-0001-7748-3846 FU National Science Foundation Centers of Research Excellence in Science and Technology [0833211]; Cornell Univ. FX We thank M. Takabayashi for collaboration, and L. Mead and T. Holitzki at UHH Analytical Laboratory for water quality sample analysis. We thank C. M. Kearns for assistance analyzing CN samples, J. P. Friel for assistance identifying poeciliids and J. L. Simonis and G. Hooker for assistance with statistical analyses. We thank the instructors and students of the Cornell graduate Hawai'i field course for feedback on methods and the interpretation of results. We also thank Hawai'i Preparatory Academy for accommodations, Cornell Univ. for accommodations of Univ. of Hawai'i, Hilo students, and the Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research Hawai'i for providing travel assistance. We thank D. Chai and Aunty Lei for assistance at the Hualalai Four Seasons and Kona Village Resorts, and the resorts themselves for permitting us access to their properties. This work was partly funded by National Science Foundation Centers of Research Excellence in Science and Technology grant 0833211 and Cornell Univ. NR 65 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 66 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0030-1299 J9 OIKOS JI Oikos PD MAY PY 2013 VL 122 IS 5 BP 790 EP 800 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0706.2012.20696.x PG 11 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 131GS UT WOS:000317981400015 ER PT J AU Colegate, SM Gardner, DR Davis, TZ Betz, JM Panter, KE AF Colegate, Steven M. Gardner, Dale R. Davis, T. Zane Betz, Joseph M. Panter, Kip E. TI Dehydropyrrolizidine Alkaloids in Two Cryptantha Species: Including Two New Open Chain Diesters One of Which is Amphoteric SO PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE HPLCMS: amphoteric pyrrolizidine alkaloid; cryptanthine; dehydropyrrolizidine alkaloids; echimidine; echiuplatine; winged cryptantha; Cryptantha inequata; Cryptantha utahensis; scented catseye ID PYRROLIZIDINE ALKALOIDS; N-OXIDES; BIOSYNTHESIS; SPECTROSCOPY; LYCOPSAMINE; POLLEN; ACID; MS AB Introduction A livestock poisoning outbreak near Kingman, Arizona, USA, potentially linked to dehydropyrrolizidine alkaloids, prompted an evaluation of some local plants for the presence of these hepatotoxic alkaloids. Objective To qualitatively and quantitatively examine two species of Cryptantha, a Boraginaceous genus previously shown to produce potentially toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids, collected from the vicinity of Kingman, Arizona. Method Plant extracts were analysed using HPLCelectrospray ionisation (+)MS and MS/MS to determine the presence of dehydropyrrolizidine alkaloid esters. Identities were confirmed by comparison of chromatographic and MS data with authenticated standards and, in the case of the previously undescribed alkaloids, using one- and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy and high-resolution mass measurement. Results Cryptantha inequata and C. utahensis were shown to produce retronecine-based dehydropyrrolizidine alkaloids at approximately 0.05% and 0.09% w/w respectively. Cryptantha inequata produced mainly echimidine, acetylechimidine and echiuplatine; dehydropyrrolizidine alkaloids that were previously associated with Echium plantagineum. The previously undescribed structure of echiuplatine was elucidated as an amphoteric, open chain diester with angelic acid and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acid. Along with lycopsamine, intermedine and dihydroxyechiumine, C. utahensis produced cryptanthine, a previously undescribed open chain diester alkaloid esterified with angelic acid and 2,3-dihydroxy-2-methylbutanoic acid. All pyrrolizidine alkaloids detected were present in the plants mainly as their N-oxides. Conclusion The retronecine-based alkaloids detected in both Cryptantha species herein investigated aligns them within the Krynitzkia subgenus. The dehydropyrrolizidine alkaloids detected are expected to be toxic but the low levels in the plants potentially mitigate the risk. The identification of the amphoteric echiuplatine provides a cautionary note with respect to the analysis of total dehydropyrrolizidine alkaloid content. Published 2012. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Colegate, Steven M.; Gardner, Dale R.; Davis, T. Zane; Panter, Kip E.] ARS, USDA, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT USA. [Betz, Joseph M.] NIH, Off Dietary Supplements, Bethedsa, MD USA. RP Colegate, SM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT USA. EM steven.colegate@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0958-0344 J9 PHYTOCHEM ANALYSIS JI Phytochem. Anal. PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 24 IS 3 BP 201 EP 212 DI 10.1002/pca.2400 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 131OO UT WOS:000318003200002 PM 23070903 ER PT J AU Geiser, DM Aoki, T Bacon, CW Baker, SE Bhattacharyya, MK Brandt, ME Brown, DW Burgess, LW Chulze, S Coleman, JJ Correll, JC Covert, SF Crous, PW Cuomo, CA De Hoog, GS Di Pietro, A Elmer, WH Epstein, L Frandsen, RJN Freeman, S Gagkaeva, T Glenn, AE Gordon, TR Gregory, NF Hammond-Kosack, KE Hanson, LE Jimenez-Gasco, MD Kang, S Kistler, HC Kuldau, GA Leslie, JF Logrieco, A Lu, GZ Lysoe, E Ma, LJ McCormick, SP Migheli, Q Moretti, A Munaut, F O'Donnell, K Pfenning, L Ploetz, RC Proctor, RH Rehner, SA Robert, VARG Rooney, AP bin Salleh, B Scandiani, MM Scauflaire, J Short, DPG Steenkamp, E Suga, H Summerell, BA Sutton, DA Thrane, U Trail, F Van Diepeningen, A VanEtten, HD Viljoen, A Waalwijk, C Ward, TJ Wingfield, MJ Xu, JR Yang, XB Yli-Mattila, T Zhang, N AF Geiser, David M. Aoki, Takayuki Bacon, Charles W. Baker, Scott E. Bhattacharyya, Madan K. Brandt, Mary E. Brown, Daren W. Burgess, Lester W. Chulze, Sofia Coleman, Jeffrey J. Correll, James C. Covert, Sarah F. Crous, Pedro W. Cuomo, Christina A. De Hoog, G. Sybren Di Pietro, Antonio Elmer, Wade H. Epstein, Lynn Frandsen, Rasmus J. N. Freeman, Stanley Gagkaeva, Tatiana Glenn, Anthony E. Gordon, Thomas R. Gregory, Nancy F. Hammond-Kosack, Kim E. Hanson, Linda E. Jimenez-Gasco, Maria del Mar Kang, Seogchan Kistler, H. Corby Kuldau, Gretchen A. Leslie, John F. Logrieco, Antonio Lu, Guozhong Lysoe, Erik Ma, Li-Jun McCormick, Susan P. Migheli, Quirico Moretti, Antonio Munaut, Francoise O'Donnell, Kerry Pfenning, Ludwig Ploetz, Randy C. Proctor, Robert H. Rehner, Stephen A. Robert, Vincent A. R. G. Rooney, Alejandro P. bin Salleh, Baharuddin Mercedes Scandiani, Maria Scauflaire, Jonathan Short, Dylan P. G. Steenkamp, Emma Suga, Haruhisa Summerell, Brett A. Sutton, Deanna A. Thrane, Ulf Trail, Francis Van Diepeningen, Anne VanEtten, Hans D. Viljoen, Altus Waalwijk, Cees Ward, Todd J. Wingfield, Michael J. Xu, Jin-Rong Yang, Xiao-Bing Yli-Mattila, Tapani Zhang, Ning TI One Fungus, One Name: Defining the Genus Fusarium in a Scientifically Robust Way That Preserves Longstanding Use SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SOLANI SPECIES COMPLEX; SUDDEN-DEATH SYNDROME; PHYLOGENY; TUCUMANIAE; TAXONOMY; REVEALS; GENERA AB In this letter, we advocate recognizing the genus Fusarium as the sole name for a group that includes virtually all Fusarium species of importance in plant pathology, mycotoxicology, medicine, and basic research. This phylogenetically guided circumscription will free scientists from any obligation to use other genus names, including teleomorphs, for species nested within this clade, and preserve the application of the name Fusarium in the way it has been used for almost a century. Due to recent changes in the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants, this is an urgent matter that requires community attention. The alternative is to break the longstanding concept of Fusarittm into nine or more genera, and remove important taxa such as those in the E solani species complex from the genus, a move we believe is unnecessary. Here we present taxonomic and nomenclatural proposals that will preserve established research connections and facilitate communication within alid between research communities, and at the same time support strong scientific principles and good taxonomic practice. C1 [Geiser, David M.; Jimenez-Gasco, Maria del Mar; Kang, Seogchan; Kuldau, Gretchen A.] Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Aoki, Takayuki] Natl Inst Agrobiol Sci, Genet Divers Dept, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058602, Japan. [Bacon, Charles W.; Glenn, Anthony E.] USDA ARS SAA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Baker, Scott E.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Bhattacharyya, Madan K.; Yang, Xiao-Bing] Iowa State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Brandt, Mary E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Brown, Daren W.; McCormick, Susan P.; O'Donnell, Kerry; Proctor, Robert H.; Rooney, Alejandro P.; Ward, Todd J.] NCAUR ARS USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Burgess, Lester W.] Univ Sydney, Fac Agr, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Chulze, Sofia] Univ Nacl Rio Cuarto, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Cordoba, Argentina. [Coleman, Jeffrey J.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Correll, James C.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Plant Pathol, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Covert, Sarah F.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Crous, Pedro W.; De Hoog, G. Sybren; Robert, Vincent A. R. G.; Van Diepeningen, Anne] CBS KNAW Fungal Biodivers Ctr, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Cuomo, Christina A.] Broad Inst MIT & Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA. [Di Pietro, Antonio] Univ Cordoba, Dept Genet, Cordoba, Spain. [Elmer, Wade H.] Connecticut Agr Expt Stn, Dept Plant Pathol, New Haven, CT 06504 USA. [Epstein, Lynn; Gordon, Thomas R.; Short, Dylan P. G.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Frandsen, Rasmus J. N.; Thrane, Ulf] Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Syst Biol, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Freeman, Stanley] Agr Res Org, Volcani Ctr, Dept Plant Pathol & Weed Res, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. [Gagkaeva, Tatiana] All Russian Inst Plant Protect, Lab Mycol & Phytopathol, St Petersburg 196608, Russia. [Gregory, Nancy F.] Univ Delaware, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Hammond-Kosack, Kim E.] Rothamsted Res, Ctr Sustainable Pest & Dis Management, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, Herts, England. [Hanson, Linda E.] ARS USDA Sugarbeet & Bean Res Unit, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Kistler, H. Corby] ARS USDA Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Leslie, John F.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Logrieco, Antonio; Moretti, Antonio] CNR, ISPA Inst Sci Food Prod, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Lu, Guozhong] Dalian Nationalities Univ, Res Ctr Bioresources & Environm, Liaoning, Peoples R China. [Lysoe, Erik] Bioforsk Norwegian Inst Agr & Environm Res, Dept Plant Hlth & Plant Protect, N-1432 As, Norway. [Ma, Li-Jun] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Plant Soil & Insect Sci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Migheli, Quirico] Univ Sassari, Dipartimento Protez Piante, I-07100 Sassari, Italy. [Munaut, Francoise; Scauflaire, Jonathan] Catholic Univ Louvain, Earth & Life Inst, B-1348 Louvain, Belgium. [Pfenning, Ludwig] Univ Fed Lavras, Dept Fitopatol, Lavras, MG, Brazil. [Ploetz, Randy C.] Univ Florida, Ctr Trop Res & Educ, Dept Plant Pathol, Homestead, FL 33031 USA. [Rehner, Stephen A.] ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [bin Salleh, Baharuddin] Univ Sci Malaysia, Sch Biol Sci, George Town, Malaysia. [Mercedes Scandiani, Maria] Lab Agr Rio Parana, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Short, Dylan P. G.] US Agr Res Stn, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. [Steenkamp, Emma; Wingfield, Michael J.] Univ Pretoria, FABI, Dept Microbiol & Plant Pathol, ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa. [Suga, Haruhisa] Gifu Univ, Gifu, Japan. [Summerell, Brett A.] Royal Bot Garden Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia. [Sutton, Deanna A.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Trail, Francis] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [VanEtten, Hans D.] Univ Arizona, Div Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Viljoen, Altus] Univ Stellenbosch, Dept Plant Pathol, ZA-7602 Matieland, South Africa. [Waalwijk, Cees] Wageningen Univ & Res, Plant Res Int, NL-6700 Wageningen, Netherlands. [Xu, Jin-Rong] Purdue Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Yli-Mattila, Tapani] Univ Turku, Lab Plant Physiol & Mol Biol, Dept Biol, FIN-20014 Turku, Finland. [Zhang, Ning] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Plant Biol & Pathol, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. RP Geiser, DM (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM dgeiser@psu.edu RI Jimenez-Gasco, Maria del Mar/A-9701-2011; Migheli, Quirico/B-7203-2009; Crous, Pedro/H-1489-2012; Geiser, David/J-9950-2013; Zhang, Ning/K-3046-2012; Wingfield, Michael/A-9473-2008; Coleman, Jeffrey/E-2981-2015; Di Pietro, Antonio/K-9220-2014; Thrane, Ulf/G-2978-2016; Steenkamp, Emma/B-7958-2009; OI Frandsen, Rasmus John Normand/0000-0002-3799-6062; Moretti, Antonio/0000-0002-5232-6972; Logrieco, Antonio Francesco/0000-0002-8606-451X; Jimenez-Gasco, Maria del Mar/0000-0001-7329-0211; Migheli, Quirico/0000-0002-2459-5833; Crous, Pedro/0000-0001-9085-8825; Zhang, Ning/0000-0003-0755-2505; Di Pietro, Antonio/0000-0001-5930-5763; Thrane, Ulf/0000-0002-6040-4141; Steenkamp, Emma/0000-0003-0217-8219; Ma, Li-Jun/0000-0002-2733-3708; Coleman, Jeffrey/0000-0001-8579-1996 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) FX We thank P. Cantino for his helpful comments on the PhyloCode statement. We thank all of our colleagues for their helpful input and discussions on this important issue. The mention of firm names or trade products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) over other firms or similar products not mentioned. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Manuscript no. 13-006-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Manhattan. NR 46 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 5 U2 114 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD MAY PY 2013 VL 103 IS 5 BP 400 EP 408 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 129VW UT WOS:000317873100001 PM 23379853 ER PT J AU Behlau, F Hong, JC Jones, JB Graham, JH AF Behlau, Franklin Hong, Jason C. Jones, Jeffrey B. Graham, James H. TI Evidence for Acquisition of Copper Resistance Genes from Different Sources in Citrus-Associated Xanthomonads SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CAMPESTRIS PV-VESICATORIA; PSEUDOMONAS-SYRINGAE; SENSITIVE STRAINS; COMPLETE GENOME; BACTERIAL SPOT; SUBSP CITRI; PLASMID; TOMATO; SEQUENCE; CANKER AB We determined that multiple and independent introductions of copper resistance genes have taken place for strains of Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri from Argentina and strains of X. alfalfae subsp. citrumelonis from Florida. This study compared the partial nucleotide sequences of principal copper resistance genes copL, copA, and copB from X. citri subsp. citri and X. alfalfae subsp. citrumelonis to strains of other Xanthomonas spp. resistant to copper that were isolated from 12 different countries or territories. The survey confirmed that the copLAB gene cluster is present in many species of Xanthomonas from different parts of the world. Alignment of partial nucleotide sequences of copper resistance genes among the copper-resistant (CUR) strains of Xanthomonas detected homology of >= 92, >= 96, and >= 91% for copL, copA, and copB, respectively. Grouping of strains based on branching patterns of phylogenetic trees was similar for copL and copA but differed for copB. When the three genes were concatenated and analyzed using various phylogenetic Methods, it appeared that the plasmid had been horizontally transferred and various populations were mutating based on selection pressure unique to geographic regions. Although high homology of the genes among the strains indicated that the copper resistance in xanthomonads has a common origin, the slight differences in nucleotide sequences within groups of strains indicated that Cu-R genes have been independently exchanged among species of Xanthomonas throughout the world. C1 [Behlau, Franklin; Jones, Jeffrey B.] Univ Florida, Dept Plant Pathol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Hong, Jason C.] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Graham, JH (reprint author), Univ Florida, Soil & Water Sci Dept, Citrus Res & Educ Ctr, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. EM jhgraham@ufl.edu RI Behlau, Franklin/K-7012-2012 OI Behlau, Franklin/0000-0001-5964-9494 FU Hunt Brothers Fellowship; Citrus Research and Development Foundation FX Grant support for F. Behlau was provided by the Hunt Brothers Fellowship and the Citrus Research and Development Foundation. We thank X. Sun and D. Jones from the Department of Plant Industry (DPI) in Gainesville, FL; R. Stall, from the University of Florida, Gainesville; B. I. Canteros from the Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria, Bella Vista, Corrientes, Argentina; and D. Dallai from the Universita degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy, for kindly providing bacterial strains for this study. NR 58 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 26 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD MAY PY 2013 VL 103 IS 5 BP 409 EP 418 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-06-12-0134-R PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 129VW UT WOS:000317873100002 PM 23252970 ER PT J AU Rashed, A Wallis, CM Paetzold, L Workneh, F Rush, CM AF Rashed, A. Wallis, C. M. Paetzold, L. Workneh, F. Rush, C. M. TI Zebra Chip Disease and Potato Biochemistry: Tuber Physiological Changes in Response to 'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum' Infection Over Time SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE defense-associated proteins; potato psyllid; Solanum tuberosum ID DEFENSE-RELATED PROTEINS; PHENOLIC-COMPOUNDS; UNITED-STATES; PLANTS; RESISTANCE; PCR AB Zebra chip disease, putatively caused by the bacterium 'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum', is of increasing concern to potato production in Mexico, the United States, and New Zealand. However, little is known about the etiology of this disease and changes that occur within host tubers that result in its symptoms. Previous studies found that increased levels of phenolics, amino acids, defense proteins, and carbohydrates in 'Ca. L. solanacearum' -infected tubers are associated with symptoms of zebra chip. This study was conducted to quantify variations in levels of these biochemical components in relation to the time of infestation, symptom severity, and 'Ca. L. solanacearum' titer. Levels of phenolics, peroxidases, polyphenol oxidases, and reducing sugars (glucose and, to some extent, fructose) changed during infection, with higher levels occurring in tubers infected at least 5 weeks before harvest than in those infected only a week before harvest and those of controls. Compared with the apical tuber ends, greater levels of phenolics, peroxidases, and sucrose occurred at the basal (stolon attachment) end of infected tubers. With the exception of phenolics, concentrations of the evaluated compounds were not associated with 'Ca. L. solanacearum' titer. However, there were significant associations between biochemical responses and symptom severity. The lack of a linear correlation between most plant biochemical responses and 'Ca. L. solanacearum' titer suggests that shifts in metabolic profiles are independent of variations in 'Ca. L. solanacearum' levels. C1 [Rashed, A.; Paetzold, L.; Workneh, F.; Rush, C. M.] Texas A&M AgriLife Res, Amarillo, TX 79106 USA. [Wallis, C. M.] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Rashed, A (reprint author), Texas A&M AgriLife Res, Amarillo, TX 79106 USA. EM arashed@ag.tamu.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture Specialty Crop Research Initiative [2009-51181-20176] FX Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. This research was funded by a United States Department of Agriculture Specialty Crop Research Initiative grant (number 2009-51181-20176). A. Rashed and C. M. Wallis contributed equally to this work. We thank J. Gray, J. Price, N. Goodell, A. Fite, A. Wallingford, M. Sisterson, M. P. Daugherty, and J. Chen for helpful discussions and assistance in the execution of this work; and K. D. Swisher (J. Crosslin's laboratory) and A. Wen (N. Gudmestad's laboratory) for genotyping our infective-colony for psyllid and 'Ca. L. solanacearum', respectively. NR 28 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 25 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD MAY PY 2013 VL 103 IS 5 BP 419 EP 426 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-09-12-0244-R PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 129VW UT WOS:000317873100003 PM 23425237 ER PT J AU Cowger, C Arellano, C AF Cowger, Christina Arellano, Consuelo TI Fusarium graminearum Infection and Deoxynivalenol Concentrations During Development of Wheat Spikes SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE scab ID HEAD BLIGHT RESISTANCE; SMALL-GRAIN CEREALS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; WINTER-WHEAT; MATURITY; SILAGE; ACCUMULATION; INOCULATION; MYCOTOXINS; COMPONENTS AB Fusarium head blight (FHB) affects whole spikes of small grain plants, yet little is known about how FHB develops following infection, or about the concentration or progression of the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) in non-grain spike tissues. Fusarium mycotoxin levels in whole small-grain spikes are of concern to producers of whole-crop silage, as well as users of straw containing chaff for animal bedding or winter livestock rations. A 2-year field experiment was performed in Kinston, NC to reveal the time course of FHB development. Eight winter wheat cultivars with varying levels of FHB resistance were used in the 2006 experiment, and four of them were used in 2007. Plots were spray-inoculated with Fusarium graminearum macroconidia at mid-anthesis. Four durations of post-anthesis mist were applied: 0, 10, 20, or 30 days. Spike samples were collected and bulked by plot at 15, 25, 35, 45, 55, and 65 days after anthesis (daa); samples were separated into grain, glume, and rachis fractions. Increasing durations of post-anthesis moisture elevated grain DON and reduced the effect of cultivar on DON, presumably by affecting the expression of resistance, in all spike tissues. Fusarium-damaged kernels increased from early kernel-hard to harvest-ripe in both years. Percent infected kernels increased from medium-milk to harvest-ripe. During grain-fill, DON concentrations declined in grain but increased in rachises and glumes, peaking at early kernel-hard, before declining. Higher mean and maximum DON levels were observed in rachises and glumes than in grain. Estimated whole-spike DON peaked at early kernel-hard. In a high-FHB year, whole-plant harvest for forage should be conducted as early as possible. Straw that may be consumed by livestock could contain significant amounts of DON in chaff, and DON can be minimized if straw is sourced from low-symptom crops. Cultivar FHB resistance ratings and disease data should be useful in predicting whole-spike DON levels. Overall, associations between grain DON levels in harvest-ripe and prior samples were stronger the later the prior samples were collected, suggesting limits to the possibility of predicting harvest-ripe grain DON from earlier levels. C1 [Cowger, Christina] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Arellano, Consuelo] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Stat, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Cowger, C (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM Christina.Cowger@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative FX We thank the U.S. Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative for funding support; R. Parks, J. Patton-Ozkurt, and the staff of Cunningham Research & Extension Center for excellent technical assistance; and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments which led to substantial improvements in the report. NR 41 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 68 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD MAY PY 2013 VL 103 IS 5 BP 460 EP 471 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-03-12-0054-R PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 129VW UT WOS:000317873100007 PM 23252971 ER PT J AU Roy, A Choudhary, N Guillermo, LM Shao, J Govindarajulu, A Achor, D Wei, G Picton, DD Levy, L Nakhla, MK Hartung, JS Brlansky, RH AF Roy, Avijit Choudhary, Nandlal Guillermo, Leon M. Shao, Jonathan Govindarajulu, Ananthakrishnan Achor, Diann Wei, G. Picton, D. D. Levy, L. Nakhla, M. K. Hartung, John S. Brlansky, R. H. TI A Novel Virus of the Genus Cilevirus Causing Symptoms Similar to Citrus Leprosis SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE citrus virus; deep sequencing; detection; Blumina; mite transmission ID DEEP SEQUENCING ANALYSIS; COMPLETE NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; GENOMIC ORGANIZATION; CYTOPLASMIC TYPE; TRISTEZA VIRUS; STRANDED-RNA; PLANT-VIRUS; DNA VIRUS; IDENTIFICATION; GRAPEVINE AB Citrus leprosis in Colombia was previously shown to be caused by cytoplasmic Citrus leprosis virus (CiLV-C). In 2011, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-based diagnostic methods failed to identify CiLV-C from citrus samples with symptoms similar to citrus leprosis; however, virions similar to CiLV-C were observed in the cytoplasm of the symptomatic leaves by transmission electron microscopy. Furthermore, the causal organism was transmitted by the false spider mite, Brevipalpus phoenicis, to healthy citrus seedlings. A library of small RNAs was constructed from symptomatic leaves and used as the template for Il lumina high-throughput parallel sequencing. The complete genome sequence and structure of a new bipartite RNA virus was determined. RNA1 (8,717 nucleotides [nt]) contained two open reading frames (ORFs). ORF1 encoded the replication module, consisting of five domains: namely, methyltransferase (MTR), cysteine protease-like, FtsJ-MTR, helicase (Hel), and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp); whereas ORF2 encoded the putative coat protein. RNA2 (4,989 nt) contained five ORFs that encode the movement protein (MP) and four hypothetical proteins (p7, p15, p24, and p61). The structure of this virus genome resembled that of CiLV-C except that it contained a long 3' untranslated terminal region and an extra ORF (p7) in RNA2. Both the RNA1 and RNA2 of the new virus had only 58 and 50% nucleotide identities, respectively, with known CiLV-C sequences and, thus, it appears to be a novel virus infecting citrus. Phylogenetic analyses of the MTR, Hel, RdRp, and MP domains also indicated that the new virus was closely related to CiLV-C. We suggest that the virus be called Citrus leprosis virus cytoplasmic type 2 (CiLV-C2) and it should be unambiguously classified as a definitive member of the genus Cilevinis. A pair of CiLV-C2 genome-specific RT-PCR primers was designed and validated to detect its presence in citrus leprosis samples collected from the Casanare and Meta states in Colombia. C1 [Roy, Avijit; Choudhary, Nandlal; Govindarajulu, Ananthakrishnan; Achor, Diann; Brlansky, R. H.] Univ Florida, IFAS, Dept Plant Pathol, Citrus Res & Educ Ctr, Lake Alfred, FL USA. [Guillermo, Leon M.] CORPOICA, Ctr Invest Libertad, Villavicencio, Colombia. [Shao, Jonathan; Hartung, John S.] USDA ARS, MPPL, Beltsville, MD USA. [Wei, G.; Picton, D. D.; Nakhla, M. K.] USDA Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv APHIS PPQ CPH, Beltsville, MD USA. [Levy, L.] USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST, Riverdale, MD USA. RP Brlansky, RH (reprint author), Univ Florida, IFAS, Dept Plant Pathol, Citrus Res & Educ Ctr, 700 Expt Stn Rd, Lake Alfred, FL USA. EM rhby@ufl.edu RI Choudhary, Nandlal/D-3490-2012 FU USDA-APHIS-PPQ [11-8130-1246]; Citrus Research & Development Foundation [405] FX Financial support for this research was from the USDA-APHIS-PPQ cooperative agreement 11-8130-1246, and Citrus Research & Development Foundation grant 405. We thank W. Schneider, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Fort Detrick, MD and S. Gowda, University of Florida/IFAS, CREC, Lake Alfred for providing useful comments and suggestion on the manuscript; and A. S. Guerra for the samples of CiLV-C from Panama. NR 54 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 21 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD MAY PY 2013 VL 103 IS 5 BP 488 EP 500 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-07-12-0177-R PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 129VW UT WOS:000317873100010 PM 23268581 ER PT J AU Wintermantel, WM Hladky, LL AF Wintermantel, William M. Hladky, Laura L. TI Complete Genome Sequence and Biological Characterization of Moroccan pepper virus (MPV) and Reclassification of Lettuce necrotic stunt virus as MPV SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TOMATO; TOMBUSVIRUSES; PLANT; PELARGONIUM; RESISTANCE; EGGPLANT; DIEBACK; RIVERS; IRAN AB Moroccan pepper virus (MPV) and Lettuce necrotic stunt virus (LNSV) have been steadily increasing in prevalence in central Asia and western North America, respectively, over the past decade. Recent sequence analysis of LNSV demonstrated a close relationship between the coat proteins of LNSV and MPV. To determine the full extent of the relationship between LNSV and MPV, the genomes of three MPV isolates were sequenced and compared with that of LNSV. Sequence analysis demonstrated that genomic nucleotide sequences as well as virus-encoded proteins of the three MPV isolates and LNSV shared 97% or greater identity. A full-length clone of a California LNSV isolate was developed and virus derived from infectious transcripts was used to evaluate host plant reactions under controlled conditions. Symptoms of LNSV matched those described previously for MPV on most of a select series of host plants, although some differences were observed. Collectively, these molecular and biological results demonstrate that LNSV should be classified as MPV within the family Tombusviridae, genus Tombusvirus, and confirm the presence of MPV in North America. C1 [Wintermantel, William M.; Hladky, Laura L.] USDA ARS, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. RP Wintermantel, WM (reprint author), USDA ARS, 1636 East Alisal St, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. EM bill.wintermantel@ars.usda.gov NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD MAY PY 2013 VL 103 IS 5 BP 501 EP 508 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-07-12-0166-R PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 129VW UT WOS:000317873100011 PM 23360531 ER PT J AU Martin, RC Glover-Cutter, K Martin, RR Dombrowski, JE AF Martin, Ruth C. Glover-Cutter, Kira Martin, Robert R. Dombrowski, James E. TI Virus induced gene silencing in Lolium temulentum SO PLANT CELL TISSUE AND ORGAN CULTURE LA English DT Article DE Lolium temulentum; Virus induced gene silencing; VIGS; Phytoene desaturase; Barley stripe mosaic virus ID STRIPE-MOSAIC-VIRUS; PLANT FUNCTIONAL GENOMICS; PERENNIAL RYEGRASS; POWDERY MILDEW; STRESS; BARLEY; PCR; ARABIDOPSIS; EXPRESSION; VECTOR AB Lolium temulentum L. is valuable as a model species for studying abiotic stress in closely related forage and turf grasses, many of which are polyploid outcrossing species. As with most monocot species, Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of L. temulentum is still challenging, time consuming and inefficient. The aim of this study was to use the Barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV) vector to develop a virus induced gene silencing (VIGS) system in L. temulentum to facilitate functional gene analysis. Plants infected with the BSMV vector containing a small region of the L. temulentum phytoene desaturase (PDS) gene, which is commonly used as a phenotypic marker in VIGS studies, displayed the characteristic albino phenotype observed in PDS silenced plants. Decreased PDS gene expression in these albino leaves was also confirmed by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. To evaluate the utility of using the VIGS vector for gene interactions in L. temulentum, a region of the translation factor eIF4A gene was incorporated into the VIGS vector. Inoculation of young seedlings with this modified vector resulted in a partial reduction in the expression of eIF4A suggesting that this vector will be a useful tool to examine gene interactions in L. temulentum. C1 [Martin, Ruth C.; Glover-Cutter, Kira; Dombrowski, James E.] ARS, USDA, Natl Forage Seed Prod Res Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Martin, Robert R.] ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Martin, RC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Forage Seed Prod Res Ctr, 3450 SW Campus Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM Ruth.Martin@ars.usda.gov OI Glover-Cutter, Kira/0000-0002-7321-8604 NR 65 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 30 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6857 J9 PLANT CELL TISS ORG JI Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 113 IS 2 BP 163 EP 171 DI 10.1007/s11240-012-0257-z PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 127QU UT WOS:000317714300003 ER PT J AU Chawla, S Bowen, CR Slaminko, TL Hobbs, HA Hartman, GL AF Chawla, Shilpi Bowen, Charles R. Slaminko, Tara L. Hobbs, Houston A. Hartman, Glen L. TI A Public Program to Evaluate Commercial Soybean Cultivars for Pathogen and Pest Resistance SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID SUDDEN-DEATH SYNDROME; GREEN STEM DISORDER; MOSAIC-VIRUS; PHYTOPHTHORA-SOJAE; APHID HOMOPTERA; FUSARIUM-SOLANI; LINES; TRANSMISSION; SCLEROTIORUM; GERMPLASM C1 [Chawla, Shilpi; Slaminko, Tara L.; Hartman, Glen L.] Univ Illinois, Natl Soybean Res Ctr, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Bowen, Charles R.] USDA ARS, Natl Soybean Res Ctr, Urbana, IL USA. [Hobbs, Houston A.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Hartman, Glen L.] USDA ARS, Urbana, IL USA. RP Hartman, GL (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Natl Soybean Res Ctr, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM ghartman@illinois.edu NR 34 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 19 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 97 IS 5 BP 568 EP 578 DI 10.1094/PDIS-05-12-0479-FE PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 125RT UT WOS:000317559700001 ER PT J AU Smiley, RW Marshall, JM Gourlie, JA Paulitz, TC Kandel, SL Pumphrey, MO Garland-Campbell, K Yan, GP Anderson, MD Flowers, MD Jackson, CA AF Smiley, Richard W. Marshall, Juliet M. Gourlie, Jennifer A. Paulitz, Timothy C. Kandel, Shyam L. Pumphrey, Michael O. Garland-Campbell, Kimberly Yan, Gulping Anderson, Monte D. Flowers, Michael D. Jackson, Chad A. TI Spring Wheat Tolerance and Resistance to Heterodera avenae in the Pacific Northwest SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID CEREAL CYST-NEMATODE; ROOT-LESION NEMATODES; WINTER-WHEAT; PRATYLENCHUS-NEGLECTUS; AEGILOPS-VENTRICOSA; BREAD WHEAT; P-THORNEI; BARLEY; OREGON; YIELD AB Smiley, R. W., Marshall, J. M., Gourlie, J. A., Paulitz, T. C., Kandel, S. L., Pumphrey, M. 0, Garland-Campbell, K., Yan, G. P., Anderson, M. D., Flowers, M. D., and Jackson, C. A. 2013. Spring wheat tolerance and resistance to Heterodera avenae in the Pacific Northwest. Plant Dis. 97:590-600. The cereal cyst nematode Heterodera avenae reduces wheat yields in the Pacific Northwest. Previous evaluations of cultivar resistance had been in controlled environments. Cultivar tolerance had not been evaluated. Seven spring wheat trials were conducted in naturally infested fields in three states over 2 years. A split-plot design was used for all trials. Five trials evaluated both tolerance and resistance in 1.8-by-9-m plots treated or not treated with nematicides. Two trials evaluated resistance in 1-m head rows where each wheat entry was paired with an adjacent row of a susceptible cultivar. Cultivars with the Cre1 resistance gene ('Ouyen' and `Chara') reduced the postharvest density of H. avenae under field conditions, confirming Cre1 parents as useful for germplasm development. Ouyen was resistant but it was also intolerant, producing significantly lower grain yield in controls than in plots treated with nematicides. Susceptible cultivars varied in tolerance. Undefined resistance was identified in one commercial cultivar ('WE-Rockland) and four breeding lines (UC1711, SO900163, SY-B041418, and SY-97621-05). This research was the first systematic field demonstration of potential benefits to be derived through development and deployment of cultivars with resistance plus tolerance to cereal cyst nematode in North America. C1 [Smiley, Richard W.; Gourlie, Jennifer A.; Yan, Gulping] Oregon State Univ, Columbia Basin Agr Res Ctr, Pendleton, OR USA. [Marshall, Juliet M.] Univ Idaho, Cereals Res & Extens Program, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA. [Paulitz, Timothy C.] Washington State Univ, USDA, ARS, Root Dis & Biol Control Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Kandel, Shyam L.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Pumphrey, Michael O.] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Garland-Campbell, Kimberly] Washington State Univ, USDA, ARS, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Anderson, Monte D.] Bayer CropSci, Spangle, WA 99031 USA. [Flowers, Michael D.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Jackson, Chad A.] Univ Idaho, Cereals Res & Extens Program, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. RP Smiley, RW (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Columbia Basin Agr Res Ctr, Pendleton, OR USA. EM richard.smiley@oregonstate.edu OI Paulitz, Timothy/0000-0002-8885-3803 FU Idaho Wheat Commission; Oregon Wheat Commission; Washington Wheat Commission; Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station; Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station; USDA-ARS Root Disease and Biological Control Unit (at Pullman, WA); Western Laboratories (Parma, ID) FX We thank the Idaho Wheat Commission, Oregon Wheat Commission, Washington Wheat Commission, Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station, Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station, and USDA-ARS Root Disease and Biological Control Unit (at Pullman, WA) for funding; K. Rhinhart, P. Thorgersen, M. Chandler, A. Hitzman, E. Hannuf, S. Isbell, and N. Webster (Oregon State University), T. Shelman and K. Bissonnette (University of Idaho), and S. Johnson, J. Kuehner, Y Manning, and G. Shelton (Washington State University) for technical assistance; Mid-Columbia Producers (Wasco, OR), Westbred LLC (Bozeman, MT), and Whitgro Inc. (St. John, WA) for donations of wheat seed; Pendleton Grain Growers (Pendleton, OR) for donations of seed treatments; Western Laboratories (Parma, ID) for providing discounted nematode testing fees; D. Daw (St. Anthony, ID), S. Johnson (Cove, OR), D. Morgan (Colfax, WA), A. Schultheis (Colton, WA), M. Fulfs and J. Bauer (Pullman, WA), and J. Scholz (Steptoe, WA) for land and crop management assistance; and L. Ellis (University of Idaho), D. Walenta (Oregon State University), and S. Van Vleet (Washington State University) for coordinating field tours at experimental sites. NR 62 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 25 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 97 IS 5 BP 590 EP 600 DI 10.1094/PDIS-10-12-0906-RE PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 125RT UT WOS:000317559700003 ER PT J AU Utley, C Nguyen, T Roubtsova, T Coggeshall, M Ford, TM Grauke, LJ Graves, AD Leslie, CA McKenna, J Woeste, K Yaghmour, MA Cranshaw, W Seybold, SJ Bostock, RM Tisserat, N AF Utley, Curtis Tivonne Nguyen Roubtsova, Tatiana Coggeshall, Mark Ford, Tim M. Grauke, L. J. Graves, Andrew D. Leslie, Charles A. McKenna, James Woeste, Keith Yaghmour, Mohammad A. Cranshaw, Whitney Seybold, Steven J. Bostock, Richard M. Tisserat, Ned TI Susceptibility of Walnut and Hickory Species to Geosmithia morbida SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID THOUSAND CANKERS DISEASE; PITYOPHTHORUS-JUGLANDIS; UNITED-STATES; BLACK-WALNUT; TWIG BEETLE; CONSERVATION; BUTTERNUT; RANGE; NIGRA AB Utley, C., Nguyen, T., Roubtsova, T., Coggeshall, M., Ford, T. M., Grauke, L. J., Graves, A. D., Leslie, C. A., McKenna, J., Woeste, K., Yaghmour, M. A., Cranshaw, W., Seybold, S. S., Bostock, R. M., and Tisserat, N. 2013. Susceptibility of walnut and hickory species to Geosmithia morbida. Plant Dis. 97:601-607. Thousand cankers disease (TCD) of walnut is a result of feeding in the phloem by the walnut twig beetle (WTB), Pityophthorus juglandis, and subsequent canker formation caused by Geosmithia morbida around galleries. TCD has caused extensive morbidity and mortality to Juglans nigra in the western United States and, in 2010, was discovered in the eastern United States, where the tree is a highly valuable timber resource. WTB and G. morbida also have been found in J. regia orchards throughout major production areas in California, and the numbers of damaged trees are increasing. We tested the susceptibility of walnut and hickory species to G. morbida in greenhouse and field studies. Carya illinoinensis, C. aquatica, and C. ovata were immune. All walnut species tested, including J. ailantifolia, J. californica, J. cinerea, J. hindsii, J. major, J. mandshurica, J. microcarpa, J. nigra, and J. regia, developed cankers following inoculation with G. morbida. J. nigra was the most susceptible, whereas J. major, a native host of the WTB and, presumably, G. morbida, had smaller and more superficial cankers. Canker formation differed among maternal half-sibling families of J. nigra and J. cinerea, indicating genetic variability in resistance to G. morbida. Our inoculation studies with G. morbida have corroborated many of the field observations on susceptibility of walnut and hickory species to TCD, although the ability of the WTB to successfully attack and breed in walnut is also an important component in TCD resistance. C1 [Utley, Curtis; Cranshaw, Whitney; Tisserat, Ned] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Tivonne Nguyen; Roubtsova, Tatiana; Yaghmour, Mohammad A.; Bostock, Richard M.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Coggeshall, Mark] Univ Missouri, Dept Forestry, Ctr Agroforestry, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Ford, Tim M.] Improving Perennial Plants Food & Bioenergy Inc, Hyde Pk, UT USA. [Grauke, L. J.] ARS, USDA, Somerville, TX USA. [Graves, Andrew D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Leslie, Charles A.] Univ Calif Davis, Walnut Improvement Program, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [McKenna, James; Woeste, Keith] Purdue Univ, USDA, US Forest Serv,Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, Hardwood Tree Improvement & Regenerat Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Seybold, Steven J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Davis, CA USA. RP Tisserat, N (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM ned.tisserat@colostate.edu FU USDA NIFA Western Region Integrated Pest Management Center and Critical Issues-Emerging and New Plant and Animal Pests and Diseases grant programs; USDA Forest Service Forest Health Monitoring Program [INT-DM-09-01, INT-EM-B-11-03]; USDA-ARS National Germplasm Repository Collection Evaluation Program; University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources Competitive Grants Program [11-1025] FX This research was supported by funds provided by the USDA NIFA Western Region Integrated Pest Management Center and Critical Issues-Emerging and New Plant and Animal Pests and Diseases grant programs, the USDA Forest Service Forest Health Monitoring Program (Detection Monitoring grant number INT-DM-09-01 and Evaluation Monitoring grant number INT-EM-B-11-03), the USDA-ARS National Germplasm Repository Collection Evaluation Program, and the University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources Competitive Grants Program (number 11-1025). We thank J. Preece and H. Garrison (both USDA-ARS) for research access to the NCGR Juglans collection; S. Schlarbaum, University of Tennessee, for providing germplasm; and L. Holder, R. Feild, M. Shenk, M. Zerillo, and E. Freeland for providing technical support. NR 36 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 43 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 97 IS 5 BP 601 EP 607 DI 10.1094/PDIS-07-12-0636-RE PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 125RT UT WOS:000317559700004 ER PT J AU Bock, CH Cottrell, TE Hotchkiss, MW Wood, BW AF Bock, Clive H. Cottrell, Ted E. Hotchkiss, Mike W. Wood, Bruce W. TI Vertical Distribution of Scab in Large Pecan Trees SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID CLADOSPORIUM-CARYIGENUM; FUSICLADIUM-EFFUSUM; SOUTHEASTERN USA; LEAF WETNESS; SENSITIVITY; INFECTION; PATHOGEN; PROPICONAZOLE; TEMPERATURE; CARPOPHILUM AB Bock, C. H., Cottrell, T. E., Hotchkiss, M. W., and Wood, B. W. 2013. Vertical distribution of scab in large pecan trees. Plant Dis. 97:626-634. Pecan scab (Fusicladium effusum) is a destructive disease of pecan in the southeastern United States. This study was conducted to investigate the vertical distribution of scab in tall pecan trees (14 to 16 m tall) in three experiments in 2010 and 2011. Although 2010 had average rainfall, a factor that drives scab epidemics, 2011 was a very dry year with a consequently low scab severity. A total of eight trees were included in each experiment, four were nontreated controls, and four were sprayed using a ground-based air-blast sprayer. Trees were assessed for foliar and fruit scab at 0-5.0, 5.0(+)-7.5, 7.5(+)-10.0, 10.0(+)42.5, and 12.5(+)-15.0 m. Mixed model analysis showed main effects of height, fungicide treatment, and height*treatment interactions in all three experiments, although on foliage the effects were less consistent (P value = 0.003-0.8), perhaps due to delayed fungicide applications early in the season. However, fruit of nontreated trees had more severe scab low in the canopy compared to fungicide-treated tees, with a consistent height*treatment interaction (P value = <0.0001-0.04). Most often the severity of scab in the upper canopy was similar in trees on fungicidetreated and nontreated trees, suggesting that fungicide had less impact at heights >= 10.0 m compared to <10.0 m in the canopy. There was a consistent reduction in scab severity on foliage and on immature fruit in August due to fungicide treatment at heights <= 10.0 m. Above 10.0 m, the effect was inconsistent, but late in the season (October), the fungicide-treated trees showed lower scab severity throughout the canopy. A metallic tracer study using cerium (Ce) showed an exponential relationship between quantities of Ce recovered and sample height in the canopy, with the quantity of Ce at >= 10 m being statistically equal to background levels. The relationship between scab severity on fruit and sample height in the canopy of nontreated trees was most often described by a negative linear function, but there was no discernible relationship on fungicide-treated trees, as the severity of scab in the lower canopy was most often similar to that in the upper canopy. Gradients in fungicide coverage and scab severity have ramifications for scab management options and potentially for the development of fungicide resistance in F. effusum. C1 [Bock, Clive H.; Cottrell, Ted E.; Hotchkiss, Mike W.; Wood, Bruce W.] USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. RP Bock, CH (reprint author), USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, 21 Dunbar Rd, Byron, GA 31008 USA. EM clive.bock@ars.usda.gov FU Georgia Agriculture Commodity Commission for Pecans FX We are grateful to Emma Cutchens, Keith Hough, Shad Stormant, Bridget Rawls, and Stephanie de Vos for assisting with sampling and disease assessments, and to the Georgia Agriculture Commodity Commission for Pecans for providing grant funding toward this project. NR 26 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 97 IS 5 BP 626 EP 634 DI 10.1094/PDIS-05-12-0453-RE PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 125RT UT WOS:000317559700007 ER PT J AU Bock, CH Wood, BW Gottwald, TR AF Bock, Clive H. Wood, Bruce W. Gottwald, Tim R. TI Pecan Scab Severity-Effects of Assessment Methods SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID HORSFALL-BARRATT SCALE; CITRUS CANKER; VISUAL ESTIMATION; IMAGE-ANALYSIS; ACCURACY; RELIABILITY; PRECISION; SYMPTOMS; BLIGHT AB Bock, C. H., Wood, B. W., and Gottwald, T. R. 2013. Pecan scab severity-Effects of assessment methods. Plant Dis. 97:675-684. Pecan scab is caused by the fungus Fusicladium effusum, and is the most destructive disease of pecan in the United States. Accurate and reliable disease assessments are needed to ensure that data provide a measure of actual disease intensity. The Horsfall-Barratt (H-B) category scale and its derivatives are commonly used to assess disease. Estimates using the H-B scale were compared with nearest percent estimate (NPEs) for rating disease severity of pecan scab on valves of fruit. Both inexperienced and experienced raters were included in the experiment. Lin's concordance correlation showed that agreement using NPEs was variable (rho(c) = 0.57 to 0.96), whereas estimates of disease severity using the H-B scale had similar agreement among most raters (rho(c) = 0.59 to 0.98). Converted values of NPEs to the H-B midpoints (NPEH-B) also provided a similar range (rho(c) = 0.61 to 0.96). Neither experienced nor inexperienced raters were consistently better using any of the three methods. Bootstrap analysis indicated that, among experienced raters, precision (r) and agreement (rho(c)) were often reduced when using the H-B scale compared with NPEs. There was no consistent effect of converting NPEs to NPEH-B midpoint values compared with actual H-B values. Inter-rater reliability using the H-B scale was never better than NPEs. Bootstrap analysis indicated no difference in the length of time needed to assess disease but regression analysis suggested that raters who were inherently fast in assessing disease with NPEs were often slower when using the H-B scale; conversely, raters who were slow assessing with NPEs were often faster when using the H-B scale. Thus, there appears to be no advantage in accuracy or reliability or reduction in time when inexperienced or experienced raters used a category rating scale to assess pecan scab. C1 [Bock, Clive H.; Wood, Bruce W.] USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. [Gottwald, Tim R.] USDA ARS, Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Bock, CH (reprint author), USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. EM clive.bock@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 97 IS 5 BP 675 EP 684 DI 10.1094/PDIS-07-12-0642-RE PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 125RT UT WOS:000317559700014 ER PT J AU Bates, CA Fraedrich, SW Harrington, TC Cameron, RS Menard, RD Best, GS AF Bates, C. A. Fraedrich, S. W. Harrington, T. C. Cameron, R. S. Menard, R. D. Best, G. S. TI First Report of Laurel Wilt, Caused by Raffaelea lauricola, on Sassafras (Sassafras albidum) in Alabama SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item ID REDBAY AMBROSIA BEETLE; SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES C1 [Bates, C. A.; Cameron, R. S.] Georgia Forestry Commiss, Statesboro, GA 30461 USA. [Fraedrich, S. W.; Best, G. S.] US Forest Serv, Forestry Sci Lab, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Harrington, T. C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Menard, R. D.] US Forest Serv, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. RP Bates, CA (reprint author), Georgia Forestry Commiss, Statesboro, GA 30461 USA. NR 4 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 97 IS 5 BP 688 EP 688 DI 10.1094/PDIS-09-12-0866-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 125RT UT WOS:000317559700023 ER PT J AU Han, J Domier, LL Dorrance, AE Qu, F AF Han, J. Domier, L. L. Dorrance, A. E. Qu, F. TI First Report of Soybean vein necrosis-associated virus in Ohio Soybean Fields SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Han, J.; Dorrance, A. E.; Qu, F.] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Plant Pathol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Domier, L. L.] Univ Illinois, USDA, ARS, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61810 USA. RP Han, J (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Plant Pathol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. NR 1 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 97 IS 5 BP 693 EP 693 DI 10.1094/PDIS-11-12-1050-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 125RT UT WOS:000317559700036 ER PT J AU Smith, DL Fritz, C Watson, Q Willis, DK German, TL Phibbs, A Mueller, D Dittman, JD Saalau-Rojas, E Whitham, SA AF Smith, D. L. Fritz, C. Watson, Q. Willis, D. K. German, T. L. Phibbs, A. Mueller, D. Dittman, J. D. Saalau-Rojas, E. Whitham, S. A. TI First Report of Soybean Vein Necrosis Disease Caused by Soybean vein necrosis-associated virus in Wisconsin and Iowa SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Smith, D. L.; Fritz, C.; Watson, Q.; Willis, D. K.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Plant Pathol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Willis, D. K.] ARS, USDA, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI USA. [German, T. L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Phibbs, A.] Wisconsin Dept Agr Trade & Consumer Protect, Madison, WI USA. [Mueller, D.; Dittman, J. D.; Saalau-Rojas, E.; Whitham, S. A.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Ames, IA USA. RP Smith, DL (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Plant Pathol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RI sebastianovitsch, stepan/G-8507-2013; OI Smith, Damon/0000-0003-3436-3718 NR 4 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 97 IS 5 BP 693 EP 693 DI 10.1094/PDIS-11-12-1096-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 125RT UT WOS:000317559700037 ER PT J AU Lisko, KA Hubstenberger, JE Phillips, GC Belefant-Miller, H McClung, A Lorence, A AF Lisko, Katherine A. Hubstenberger, John E. Phillips, Gregory C. Belefant-Miller, Helen McClung, Anna Lorence, Argelia TI Ontogenetic changes in vitamin C in selected rice varieties SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Vitamin C; Ascorbic acid; Rice; Oryza sativa; Antioxidants; Stress tolerance ID ORYZA-SATIVA L.; ASCORBIC-ACID BIOSYNTHESIS; STRESS TOLERANCE; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; SALT STRESS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; LIGHT REGULATION; ABIOTIC STRESS; PLANTS; GENE AB Vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) is a key antioxidant for both plants and animals. In plants, ascorbate is involved in several key physiological processes including photosynthesis, cell expansion and division, growth, flowering, and senescence. In addition, ascorbate is an enzyme cofactor and a regulator of gene expression. During exposure to abiotic stresses, ascorbate counteracts excessive reactive oxygen species within the cell and protects key molecules, including lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, from irreversible damage. In this study we focus on understanding how ascorbate levels are controlled in rice (Oryza sativa) during plant development and in response to light intensity and photoperiod. Our results indicate that in rice ascorbate metabolism follows a different pattern compared to other species. In the rice accessions we analyzed, total foliar ascorbate content increases during development and peaks at the vegetative 2-4 and the reproductive 4 stages, whereas other research has shown that in Arabidopsis thaliana and other dicots, ascorbate content declines with plant age. The pattern in rice does not seem to change when plants were grown under increasing light intensity: 150, 400 or 1200-1500 mu mol m(-2) s(-1). We observed little diurnal variation in AsA content in rice and did not see a steady decline during the dark period as has been reported in other species such as Arabidopsis and tomato. The total foliar ascorbate content of twenty-three rice accessions from four major rice subgroups was compared. These genotypes differed as much as eight-fold in ascorbate content at the V2 stage indicating the potential to enhance vitamin C levels in genotypes of global interest via breeding approaches. (C) 2013 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Lisko, Katherine A.; Hubstenberger, John E.; Phillips, Gregory C.; Lorence, Argelia] Arkansas State Univ, Arkansas Biosci Inst, State Univ, AR 72467 USA. [Phillips, Gregory C.] Arkansas State Univ, Coll Agr & Technol, State Univ, AR 72467 USA. [Belefant-Miller, Helen; McClung, Anna] USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Lorence, Argelia] Arkansas State Univ, Dept Chem & Phys, State Univ, AR 72467 USA. RP Lorence, A (reprint author), Arkansas State Univ, Arkansas Biosci Inst, POB 639, State Univ, AR 72467 USA. EM alorence@astate.edu FU Arkansas Biosciences Institute; Arkansas Tobacco Settlement Proceeds Act; NIH from the IDeA Networks of Biomedical Research Excellence (INBRE) program of the National Center for Research Resources [P20-RR-016460]; GK12 program at ASU (NSF) [0809317]; Molecular Biosciences Graduate Program FX We dedicate this work to the memory of our dear colleague John Hubstenberger. We thank Dr. W.G. Yan for providing seeds of the mini-core collection maintained at the Dale Bumpers National Rice Research Center, Dr. J.T. Hardke and C. Nopo for help with statistical analysis, and K. Lee for greenhouse assistance. This work was supported by the Arkansas Biosciences Institute, the major research component of the Arkansas Tobacco Settlement Proceeds Act, and by a sub-award (to A.L.) from the NIH Grant #P20-RR-016460 from the IDeA Networks of Biomedical Research Excellence (INBRE) program of the National Center for Research Resources. K.A. Lisko thanks the GK12 program at ASU (NSF#0809317) and the Molecular Biosciences Graduate Program for a scholarship. NR 40 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0981-9428 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL BIOCH JI Plant Physiol. Biochem. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 66 BP 41 EP 46 DI 10.1016/j.plaphy.2013.01.016 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 130BT UT WOS:000317888400006 PM 23466746 ER PT J AU Matthews, BF Beard, H MacDonald, MH Kabir, S Youssef, RM Hosseini, P Brewer, E AF Matthews, Benjamin F. Beard, Hunter MacDonald, Margaret H. Kabir, Sara Youssef, Reham M. Hosseini, Parsa Brewer, Eric TI Engineered resistance and hypersusceptibility through functional metabolic studies of 100 genes in soybean to its major pathogen, the soybean cyst nematode SO PLANTA LA English DT Article DE Soybean; Soybean cyst nematode; Gene expression; Resistance; Transformation; Composite plant ID PHARYNGEAL GLAND-CELL; GLYCINE-MAX GENOTYPE; ROOT-KNOT NEMATODES; HETERODERA-GLYCINES; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; MELOIDOGYNE-JAVANICA; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; DEFENSE RESPONSES; METHYL JASMONATE; RHG1 LOCUS AB During pathogen attack, the host plant induces genes to ward off the pathogen while the pathogen often produces effector proteins to increase susceptibility of the host. Gene expression studies of syncytia formed in soybean root by soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines) identified many genes altered in expression in resistant and susceptible roots. However, it is difficult to assess the role and impact of these genes on resistance using gene expression patterns alone. We selected 100 soybean genes from published microarray studies and individually overexpressed them in soybean roots to determine their impact on cyst nematode development. Nine genes reduced the number of mature females by more than 50 % when overexpressed, including genes encoding ascorbate peroxidase, beta-1,4-endoglucanase, short chain dehydrogenase, lipase, DREPP membrane protein, calmodulin, and three proteins of unknown function. One gene encoding a serine hydroxymethyltransferase decreased the number of mature cyst nematode females by 45 % and is located at the Rhg4 locus. Four genes increased the number of mature cyst nematode females by more than 200 %, while thirteen others increased the number of mature cyst nematode females by more than 150 %. Our data support a role for auxin and ethylene in susceptibility of soybean to cyst nematodes. These studies highlight the contrasting gene sets induced by host and nematode during infection and provide new insights into the interactions between host and pathogen at the molecular level. Overexpression of some of these genes result in a greater decrease in the number of cysts formed than recognized soybean cyst nematode resistance loci. C1 [Matthews, Benjamin F.; Beard, Hunter; MacDonald, Margaret H.; Kabir, Sara; Youssef, Reham M.; Hosseini, Parsa; Brewer, Eric] ARS, USDA, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Matthews, BF (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 006, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM ben.matthews@ars.usda.gov RI Brewer, Eric/B-2982-2014 OI Brewer, Eric/0000-0003-2428-002X FU United Soybean Board [1254]; Syngenta Biotechnology Inc. FX The authors thank Vincent Klink, Andrea Skantar, and Leslie Wanner for critical review of the manuscript and Patrick Elias for DNA sequencing. Financial support from United Soybean Board no.1254 and Syngenta Biotechnology Inc. is gratefully acknowledged. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. The US Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audio-tape, etc.) should contact USDA's TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S. W., Washington, DC 20250-9410, or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 139 TC 21 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 67 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0032-0935 J9 PLANTA JI Planta PD MAY PY 2013 VL 237 IS 5 BP 1337 EP 1357 DI 10.1007/s00425-013-1840-1 PG 21 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 134BZ UT WOS:000318186000013 PM 23389673 ER PT J AU Jong, L AF Jong, Lei TI Reinforcement effect of biomass carbon and protein in elastic biocomposites SO POLYMER COMPOSITES LA English DT Article ID NONLINEAR VISCOELASTIC BEHAVIOR; STYRENE-BUTADIENE RUBBER; NATURAL-RUBBER; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; FILLER INTERACTIONS; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT; X-RAY; NANOCRYSTALS; TEMPERATURE; COMPOSITES AB Biomass carbon (BC) and soy protein (SP) were used to reinforce natural rubber (NR) biocomposites. The particle size of BC was reduced and characterized with elemental analysis, X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, and particle size analysis. The rubber composite reinforced with the BC/SP and the composite reinforced with the BC of higher carbon content show useful tensile properties at an optimum filler fraction. The model analysis of the stressstrain behaviors provides insight into filler network characteristics. For the highly filled composites, the BC have less constraint on the polymer chains as shown by the temperature and frequency dependent modulus as well as the model analysis of stress softening effect. The presence of NR protein improves the fillerpolymer adhesion for the composites reinforced with BC/SP. POLYM. COMPOS., 2013. (c) 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers C1 USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Dept Agr, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Jong, L (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Dept Agr, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM lei.jong@ars.usda.gov NR 51 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0272-8397 J9 POLYM COMPOSITE JI Polym. Compos. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 34 IS 5 BP 697 EP 706 DI 10.1002/pc.22473 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Composites; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA 130QQ UT WOS:000317934200012 ER PT J AU Liang, Y Bradford, SA Simunek, J Vereecken, H Klumpp, E AF Liang, Yan Bradford, Scott A. Simunek, Jiri Vereecken, Harry Klumpp, Erwin TI Sensitivity of the transport and retention of stabilized silver nanoparticles to physicochemical factors SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Stabilized silver nanoparticles; Saturated porous media; Time- and depth-dependent retention; Surfactant; Competitive attachment ID SATURATED POROUS-MEDIA; UNFAVORABLE DEPOSITION CONDITIONS; RATE COEFFICIENTS; IONIC-STRENGTH; WATER; FILTRATION; ATTACHMENT; MECHANISMS; COLLOIDS; MOBILITY AB Saturated sand-packed column experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of physicochemical factors on the transport and retention of surfactant stabilized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The normalized concentration in breakthrough curves (BTCs) of AgNPs increased with a decrease in solution ionic strength (IS), and an increase in water velocity, sand grain size, and input concentration (C-o). In contrast to conventional filtration theory, retention profiles (RPs) for AgNPs exhibited uniform, nonmonotonic, or hyperexponential shapes that were sensitive to physicochemical conditions. The experimental BTCs and RPs with uniform or hyperexponential shape were well described using a numerical model that considers time- and depth-dependent retention. The simulated maximum retained concentration on the solid phase (S-max) and the retention rate coefficient (k(1)) increased with IS and as the grain size and/or C-o decreased. The RPs were more hyperexponential in finer textured sand and at lower C-o because of their higher values of S-max. Conversely, RPs were nonmonotonic or uniform at higher C-o and in coarser sand that had lower values of S-max, and tended to exhibit higher peak concentrations in the RPs at lower velocities and at higher solution IS. These observations indicate that uniform and nonmonotonic RPs occurred under conditions when S-max was approaching filled conditions. Nonmonotonic RPs had peak concentrations at greater distances in the presence of excess amounts of surfactant, suggesting that competition between AgNPs and surfactant diminished S-max close to the column inlet. The sensitivity of the nonmonotonic RPs to IS and velocity in coarser textured sand indicates that AgNPs were partially interacting in a secondary minimum. However, elimination of the secondary minimum only produced recovery of a small portion (<10%) of the retained AgNPs. These results imply that AgNPs were largely irreversibly interacting in a primary minimum associated with microscopic heterogeneity. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Liang, Yan; Vereecken, Harry; Klumpp, Erwin] Forschungszentrum Julich, Agrosphere Inst, IBG 3, D-52425 Julich, Germany. [Bradford, Scott A.] ARS, US Salin Lab, USDA, Riverside, CA USA. [Simunek, Jiri] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Environm Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. RP Bradford, SA (reprint author), ARS, US Salin Lab, USDA, Riverside, CA USA. EM scott.bradford@ars.usda.gov RI Klumpp, Erwin/H-1382-2013 OI Klumpp, Erwin/0000-0002-4810-9414 FU China Scholarship Council (CSC); Nano-Flow project; German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) FX The first author thanks to the China Scholarship Council (CSC) for financial support. This research was funded by the Nano-Flow project supported by German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF). The authors would like to acknowledge the assistance of Astrid Zimmermann (ZCH, Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH, Germany) for ICP-MS measurement and Marc Heggen (PGI-5, and ER-C, Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH, Julich, Germany) for TEM measurement. Thanks to Herbert Philipp for the technical assistance and Stephan Koppchen for analysis of D2O samples. The authors also thank Dr. Roy Kasteel for his valuable suggestions for modeling. NR 53 TC 55 Z9 57 U1 5 U2 88 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD MAY 1 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 7 BP 2572 EP 2582 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2013.02.025 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 127LG UT WOS:000317699900044 PM 23490100 ER PT J AU Garnas, JR Houston, DR Twery, MJ Ayres, MP Evans, C AF Garnas, Jeffrey R. Houston, David R. Twery, Mark J. Ayres, Matthew P. Evans, Celia TI Inferring controls on the epidemiology of beech bark disease from spatial patterning of disease organisms SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Beech bark disease; Cryptococcus fagisuga; forest pestilence; Neonectria ditissima; Neonectria faginata; spatial epidemiology ID EASTERN NORTH-AMERICA; FAGUS-GRANDIFOLIA; CRYPTOCOCCUS-FAGISUGA; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; COVARIANCE FUNCTIONS; FOREST DISEASE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; UNITED-STATES; SYNCHRONY; SCALE AB 1 Spatial pattern in the distribution and abundance of organisms is an emergent property of collective rates of reproduction, survival and movement of individuals in a heterogeneous environment. 2 The form, intensity and scale of spatial patterning can be used to test hypotheses regarding the relative importance of candidate processes to population dynamics. 3 Using 84 plots across eastern North America, we studied populations of two associated plant parasites, the invasive felted beech scale Cryptococcus fagisuga Lind. and the native Neonectria fungi, which together cause beech bark disease (BBD). 4 We evaluated spatial patterns at the scales of trees within stands, stands within the forest and forests within the landscape to examine four hypothetically important factors in the ecology of the disease: (i) local contagion within stands; (ii) regional contagion, or among patch infectionreinfection dynamics; (iii) variation in host susceptibility linked to genetic and/or environmental heterogeneity; and (iv) climate effects on population growth of BBD organisms. 5 Analyses revealed an unexpected lack of spatial aggregation in BBD populations among trees, stands and forests. This implies that propagule pressure is generally sufficiently high throughout the infested region of North America such that neither trees nor stands are spared from the disease by dispersal limitations of the disease agents. Furthermore, variation in tree and stand level susceptibility has minimal impact on BBD dynamics and climate is not a conspicuous driver of abundance within the core range of BBD. C1 [Garnas, Jeffrey R.; Ayres, Matthew P.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Biol Sci, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Houston, David R.] US Forest Serv, Danville, VT 05828 USA. [Twery, Mark J.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, S Burlington, VT 05403 USA. [Evans, Celia] Paul Smiths Coll, Dept Sci, Paul Smiths, NY 12970 USA. RP Garnas, JR (reprint author), Univ Pretoria, Zool & Entomol Forestry & Agr Biotechnol Inst, ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa. EM jeff.garnas@fabi.up.ac.za RI Garnas, Jeffrey/C-4363-2008 OI Garnas, Jeffrey/0000-0002-9956-9875 FU USDA Forest Service Northeastern Research Station [04-JV-11242328-122] FX This work was partially supported by the USDA Forest Service Northeastern Research Station, grant 04-JV-11242328-122. We thank Mark McPeek, Peter Thrall, Rebecca Irwin and Joe Elkinton for advice and encouragement along the way, as well as the anonymous reviewers for their comments on the manuscript. NR 72 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 7 U2 61 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1461-9555 J9 AGR FOREST ENTOMOL JI Agric. For. Entomol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 15 IS 2 BP 146 EP 156 DI 10.1111/j.1461-9563.2012.00595.x PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 127HF UT WOS:000317688200006 ER PT J AU Smith, SE Mendoza, MG Zuniga, G Halbrook, K Hayes, JL Byrne, DN AF Smith, Steven E. Mendoza, Ma G. Zuniga, Gerardo Halbrook, Kandres Hayes, J. L. Byrne, D. N. TI Predicting the distribution of a novel bark beetle and its pine hosts under future climate conditions SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Curculionidae; Dendroctonus rhizophagus; Madrean Archipelago; niche model; Scolytinae; Sierra Madre Oriental ID COLEOPTERA-CURCULIONIDAE SCOLYTINAE; SOUTHWESTERN UNITED-STATES; SPECIES DISTRIBUTIONS; DISTRIBUTION MODELS; BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION; ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT; FOREST ECOSYSTEMS; FIRE REGIME; MEXICO; REGENERATION AB Understanding the distribution of key biotic elements of forest ecosystems is essential in contemporary forest management and in planning to meet future management needs. Habitat distribution (niche) models based on known occurrences provide geographical structure for such management as the environmental factors change. Bark beetles play critical roles in coniferous forest dynamics in western North America. Among these insects, Dendroctonus rhizophagus Thomas and Bright, which occurs in the Sierra Madre Occidental in Mexico, is unique in that it attacks only immature trees (Pinus spp.) and therefore represents a threat to forest regeneration. We developed current habitat distribution models for D. rhizophagus and its Pinus hosts and projected these to future climate scenarios. Predicted suitable habitat of D. rhizophagus currently covers approximately 119 000 km2 of which approximately 11% is occupied, and overlap with suitable habitat for all Pinus hosts exceeds 99.5%. Some suitable habitat occurs isolated from known D. rhizophagus occurrences in Mexico and the south-western U.S.A. Habitat distribution models were projected to four potential climate scenarios for the period 20402060 and this predicted the gains and losses of suitableD. rhizophagus habitat throughout the region. Areas of north-western Mexico maintain large areas of suitableD. rhizophagus and Pinus host habitat in all scenarios. Dispersal to isolated areas of D. rhizophagus habitat appears unlikely. The results of the present study can be used to target D. rhizophagus monitoring and management activities and may serve as a model for the management of other invasive species. C1 [Smith, Steven E.; Halbrook, Kandres] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Mendoza, Ma G.] IPN, Escuela Nacl Ciencias Biol, Mexico City 11340, DF, Mexico. [Zuniga, Gerardo; Hayes, J. L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Berkeley, CA 94701 USA. [Byrne, D. N.] Univ Arizona, Dept Entomol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Smith, SE (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, POB 210043, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM azalfalf@ag.arizona.edu RI sebastianovitsch, stepan/G-8507-2013 FU The USDA Forest Service Special Technology Development Program FX The USDA Forest Service Special Technology Development Program supported this research. The authors wish to acknowledge the assistance of John Baumgartner (University of Melbourne); Tereza Cavazos, Jessica Fraver, Gregg Garfin, Andrew Honaman, Carl Olson, Mickey Reed and Laura Tellechea (University of Arizona); Jeff Hicke and Polly Boutte (University of Idaho); Joel McMillin (USDA Forest Service); Tereza Cavazos (Centro de Investigacion Cientifica y de Educacion Superior de Ensenada, BC); Carlos Navaro and Julian Ramirez-Villegas (International Center for Tropical Agriculture); and Dan Warren (University of Texas-Austin). NR 94 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 63 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1461-9555 J9 AGR FOREST ENTOMOL JI Agric. For. Entomol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 15 IS 2 BP 212 EP 226 DI 10.1111/afe.12007 PG 15 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 127HF UT WOS:000317688200013 ER PT J AU Holch, A Webb, K Lukjancenko, O Ussery, D Rosenthal, BM Gram, L AF Holch, Anne Webb, Kristen Lukjancenko, Oksana Ussery, David Rosenthal, Benjamin M. Gram, Lone TI Genome Sequencing Identifies Two Nearly Unchanged Strains of Persistent Listeria monocytogenes Isolated at Two Different Fish Processing Plants Sampled 6 Years Apart SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SODIUM-CHLORIDE; VIRULENCE; SURVIVAL; MODEL; GENE; ENVIRONMENT; INTERNALIN; EVOLUTION; ALIGNMENT; OUTBREAK AB Listeria monocytogenes is a food-borne human-pathogenic bacterium that can cause infections with a high mortality rate. It has a remarkable ability to persist in food processing facilities. Here we report the genome sequences for two L. monocytogenes strains (N53-1 and La111) that were isolated 6 years apart from two different Danish fish processers. Both strains are of serotype 1/2a and belong to a highly persistent DNA subtype (random amplified polymorphic DNA [ RAPD] type 9). We demonstrate using in silico analyses that both strains belong to the multilocus sequence typing (MLST) type ST121 that has been isolated as a persistent subtype in several European countries. The purpose of this study was to use genome analyses to identify genes or proteins that could contribute to persistence. In a genome comparison, the two persistent strains were extremely similar and collectively differed from the reference lineage II strain, EGD-e. Also, they differed markedly from a lineage I strain (F2365). On the proteome level, the two strains were almost identical, with a predicted protein homology of 99.94%, differing at only 2 proteins. No single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) differences were seen between the two strains; in contrast, N53-1 and La111 differed from the EGD-e reference strain by 3,942 and 3,471 SNPs, respectively. We included a persistent L. monocytogenes strain from the United States (F6854) in our comparisons. Compared to nonpersistent strains, all three persistent strains were distinguished by two genome deletions: one, of 2,472 bp, typically contains the gene for inlF, and the other, of 3,017 bp, includes three genes potentially related to bacteriocin production and transport (lmo2774, lmo2775, and the 3'-terminal part of lmo2776). Further studies of highly persistent strains are required to determine if the absence of these genes promotes persistence. While the genome comparison did not point to a clear physiological explanation of the persistent phenotype, the remarkable similarity between the two strains indicates that subtypes with specific traits are selected for in the food processing environment and that particular genetic and physiological factors are responsible for the persistent phenotype. C1 [Holch, Anne] Tech Univ Denmark, Natl Food Inst, Lyngby, Denmark. [Webb, Kristen] Allegheny Coll, Dept Biol, Meadville, PA 16335 USA. [Lukjancenko, Oksana; Ussery, David] Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Syst Biol, Ctr Biol Sequence Anal, Lyngby, Denmark. [Rosenthal, Benjamin M.] Agr Res Serv, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Gram, Lone] Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Syst Biol, Lyngby, Denmark. RP Gram, L (reprint author), Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Syst Biol, Lyngby, Denmark. EM gram@bio.dtu.dk OI Ussery, David/0000-0003-3632-5512; Rosenthal, Benjamin/0000-0002-0224-3773 FU Danish Research Council for Technology and Production Sciences [274-08-042]; ARS Research Associate Program FX Anne Holch was supported by the Danish Research Council for Technology and Production Sciences (project 274-08-042). Kristen Webb was supported by the ARS Research Associate Program. NR 45 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 3 U2 31 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 79 IS 9 BP 2944 EP 2951 DI 10.1128/AEM.03715-12 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 124OT UT WOS:000317474800011 PM 23435887 ER PT J AU Shiels, AB Flores, CA Khamsing, A Krushelnycky, PD Mosher, SM Drake, DR AF Shiels, Aaron B. Flores, Caitlin A. Khamsing, Arthur Krushelnycky, Paul D. Mosher, Stephen M. Drake, Donald R. TI Dietary niche differentiation among three species of invasive rodents (Rattus rattus, R-exulans, Mus musculus) SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Arthropod prey; Fruit and seed diet; Hawaiian Islands; Stable isotopes; delta C-13; delta N-15 ID INTRODUCED BLACK RATS; DISCRIMINATION FACTORS DELTA-N-15; NEW-ZEALAND; STABLE-ISOTOPES; ISLAND ECOSYSTEMS; TROPHIC POSITION; ANIMAL ECOLOGY; SMALL MAMMALS; HOUSE MICE; FOOD AB The diets of sympatric rodents partially define their realized niches. Identifying items in stomachs of introduced rodents helps determine rodents' trophic positions and species most at risk of consumption. In the Hawaiian Islands, which lacked rodents prior to human arrival, three rodents (Rattus rattus or black rat, R. exulans or Pacific rat, Mus musculus or house mouse) commonly coexist in native habitats where they consume a wide range of plants and animals. These three rodent species were trapped in montane forest for 2.5 years; their stomach contents were analyzed to determine short-term diets (n = 12-95 indiv. per species), and isotopic fractions of delta N-15 and delta C-13 in their bone collagen were analyzed to further estimate their trophic positions (n = 11-20 indiv. per species). For all three species, > 75 % of individuals had plants and > 90 % had arthropods in their stomachs, and significant differences in mean relative abundances were found for food items in stomachs among all three rodents. Rodents may be dispersing some native and non-native seeds, including the highly invasive Clidemia hirta. Most identifiable arthropods in rodent stomachs were non-native, and no stomachs contained birds, snails, or lizards. The delta N-15 and delta C-13 signatures were consistent with trophic feeding differences revealed from stomach contents. Dietary niche differentiation by coexisting rodent species is evident in this forest, with Pacific rats being intermediate between the mostly carnivorous house mouse and the mostly herbivorous black rat; such findings can help forecast rodent impacts and direct management efforts in ecosystems where these invasive animals coexist. C1 [Shiels, Aaron B.] USDA, APHIS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Hawaii Field Stn, Hilo, HI 96721 USA. [Flores, Caitlin A.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Microbiol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Khamsing, Arthur] Dept Nat Resources & Environm Management, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Krushelnycky, Paul D.] Dept Plant & Environm Protect Sci, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Mosher, Stephen M.] USN, Naval Facil Engn Command Marianas, Santa Rita, GU 96915 USA. [Drake, Donald R.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Bot, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Shiels, AB (reprint author), USDA, APHIS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Hawaii Field Stn, POB 10880, Hilo, HI 96721 USA. EM ashiels@hawaii.edu FU Oahu Army Natural Resources Program; Achievement Rewards for College Scientists; Charles Lamoureux Plant Conservation Fellowship; Watson Yoshimoto Wildlife Conservation Scholarship FX Primary funding was provided by the Oahu Army Natural Resources Program; additional funding to A.B.S. was from the Achievement Rewards for College Scientists (Maybell Roth Scholarship in Conservation Biology and Sarah Martin Award in Botany), the Charles Lamoureux Plant Conservation Fellowship, and the Watson Yoshimoto Wildlife Conservation Scholarship. Thanks to K. Kawelo, D. Peters, J. Rohrer, and L. Wilson for assistance capturing rodents, J. Liebherr for the B. epicurus identification, and C. Daehler, T. Hunt, and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript. This research was approved by the University of Hawaii Animal Use and Care Committee. NR 64 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 13 U2 108 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD MAY PY 2013 VL 15 IS 5 BP 1037 EP 1048 DI 10.1007/s10530-012-0348-0 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 122XH UT WOS:000317351400008 ER PT J AU Schulz, BK Gray, AN AF Schulz, Bethany K. Gray, Andrew N. TI The new flora of northeastern USA: quantifying introduced plant species occupancy in forest ecosystems SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Plant invasions; Forest plant communities; Inventory; Probabilistic sample; Fragmentation; Ecological regions ID EASTERN UNITED-STATES; INVASIONS; INVASIBILITY; FRAGMENTATION; DETERMINANTS; BIODIVERSITY; COMMUNITIES; RECRUITMENT; INDICATORS; MANAGEMENT AB Introduced plant species have significant negative impacts in many ecosystems and are found in many forests around the world. Some factors linked to the distribution of introduced species include fragmentation and disturbance, native species richness, and climatic and physical conditions of the landscape. However, there are few data sources that enable the assessment of introduced species occupancy in native plant communities over broad regions. Vegetation data from 1,302 forest inventory plots across 24 states in northeastern and mid-western USA were used to examine and compare the distribution of introduced species in relation to forest fragmentation across ecological provinces and forest types, and to examine correlations between native and introduced species richness. There were 305 introduced species recorded, and 66 % of all forested plots had at least one introduced species. Forest edge plots had higher constancy and occupancy of introduced species than intact forest plots, but the differences varied significantly among ecological provinces and, to a lesser degree, forest types. Weak but significant positive correlations between native and introduced species richness were observed most often in intact forests. Rosa multiflora was the most common introduced species recorded across the region, but Hieracium aurantiacum and Epipactus helleborine were dominant in some ecological provinces. Identifying regions and forest types with high and low constancies and occupation by introduced species can help target forest stands where management actions will be the most effective. Identifying seemingly benign introduced species that are more prevalent than realized will help focus attention on newly emerging invasives. C1 [Schulz, Bethany K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Anchorage, AK 99501 USA. [Gray, Andrew N.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Schulz, BK (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, 161 East 1st Ave,Door 8, Anchorage, AK 99501 USA. EM bschulz@fs.fed.us NR 53 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 59 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 185 IS 5 BP 3931 EP 3957 DI 10.1007/s10661-012-2841-4 PG 27 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 117QP UT WOS:000316968500028 PM 22961328 ER PT J AU Ouyang, Y AF Ouyang, Ying TI Effects of a constructed wetland and pond system upon shallow groundwater quality SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Constructed wetland and pond; Groundwater quality; Monitoring well ID WASTE-WATER; FLOW; PERFORMANCE; REMOVAL; METALS AB Constructed wetland (CW) and constructed pond (CP) are commonly utilized for removal of excess nutrients and certain pollutants from stormwater. This study characterized shallow groundwater quality for pre- and post-CW and CP system conditions using data from monitoring wells. Results showed that the average concentrations of groundwater phosphorus (P) decreased from pre-CW to post-CW but increased from pre-CP to post-CP. The average concentrations of groundwater total Kjeldahl nitrogen and ammonium () increased from pre-CW (or CP) to post-CW (or CP), whereas the average concentrations of groundwater arsenic (As), chromium, nickel, and zinc (Zn) decreased from pre-CW to post-CW regardless of the well locations. Variations of groundwater cadmium, copper, and Zn concentrations were larger in pre-CP than in post-CP and had a tendency to decrease from pre-CP to post-CP. In general, the average concentrations of groundwater aluminum and manganese decreased and of groundwater calcium, iron, magnesium, and sodium increased from pre-CP to post-CP. The average values of water levels (depth from the ground surface), redox potential, and conductance decreased and of chloride and sulfate () increased after the wetland and pond were constructed regardless of the well locations. Results further revealed that there were significant differences (alpha = 0.05) between the pre- and post-CW (or CP) for redox potential, water level, and As. This study suggests that the CW-CP system had discernible effects on some of the shallow groundwater quality constituents. This information is very useful for fully estimating overall performance of stormwater treatment with the CW-CP system. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Ouyang, Y (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, 100 Stone Blvd,Thompson Hall,Room 309, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM youyang@fs.fed.us NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 47 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 185 IS 5 BP 4245 EP 4259 DI 10.1007/s10661-012-2865-9 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 117QP UT WOS:000316968500052 PM 22976119 ER PT J AU Cabaraban, MTI Kroll, CN Hirabayashi, S Nowak, DJ AF Cabaraban, Maria Theresa I. Kroll, Charles N. Hirabayashi, Satoshi Nowak, David J. TI Modeling of air pollutant removal by dry deposition to urban trees using a WRF/CMAQ/i-Tree Eco coupled system SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Urban forestry; Meteorology; Air quality modeling; Dry deposition; Environmental quality ID UNITED-STATES; QUALITY MODEL; WRF MODEL; PARAMETERIZATIONS; REPROJECTION; PREDICTIONS; SENSITIVITY; COMPONENTS; MEGACITIES; RESOLUTION AB A distributed adaptation of i-Tree Eco was used to simulate dry deposition in an urban area. This investigation focused on the effects of varying temperature, LAI, and NO2 concentration inputs on estimated NO2 dry deposition to trees in Baltimore, MD. A coupled modeling system is described, wherein WRF provided temperature and LAI fields, and CMAQ provided NO2 concentrations. A base case simulation was conducted using built-in distributed i-Tree Eco tools, and simulations using different inputs were compared against this base case. Differences in land cover classification and tree cover between the distributed i-Tree Eco and WRF resulted in changes in estimated LAI, which in turn resulted in variations in simulated NO2 dry deposition. Estimated NO2 removal decreased when CMAQ-derived concentration was applied to the distributed i-Tree Eco simulation. Discrepancies in temperature inputs did little to affect estimates of NO2 removal by dry deposition to trees in Baltimore. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Cabaraban, Maria Theresa I.; Kroll, Charles N.] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Dept Environm Resources Engn, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Hirabayashi, Satoshi] SUNY Syracuse, Davey Tree Expert Co, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Nowak, David J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. RP Cabaraban, MTI (reprint author), SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Dept Environm Resources Engn, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. EM mtcabara@syr.edu FU USDA Forest Service National Urban and Community Forestry Advisory Council (NUCFAC); Fulbright Foreign Student Program FX The authors acknowledge the USDA Forest Service National Urban and Community Forestry Advisory Council (NUCFAC) and the Fulbright Foreign Student Program for partially funding this research. NR 53 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 60 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-7491 J9 ENVIRON POLLUT JI Environ. Pollut. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 176 BP 123 EP 133 DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.01.006 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 118ME UT WOS:000317028800017 PM 23419770 ER PT J AU Le, TTY Vijver, MG Kinraide, TB Peijnenburg, WJGM Hendriks, AJ AF Le, T. T. Yen Vijver, Martina G. Kinraide, Thomas B. Peijnenburg, Willie J. G. M. Hendriks, A. Jan TI Modelling metal-metal interactions and metal toxicity to lettuce Lactuca sativa following mixture exposure (Cu2+-Zn2+ and Cu2+-Ag+) SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Mixture; Toxicity; Interaction; Plant; Metal ID BIOTIC LIGAND MODEL; BARLEY HORDEUM-VULGARE; BINARY-MIXTURES; HEAVY-METALS; MEDICAGO-TRUNCATULA; COPPER TRANSPORTER; VIBRIO-FISCHERI; ZIP FAMILY; ZINC; PLANTS AB Metal toxicity to lettuce Lactuca sativa was determined following mixture exposure based on the concepts of concentration addition (CA) and response addition (RA). On the basis of conventional models assuming no interaction between mixture components, Ag+ was the most toxic, followed by Cu2+ and Zn2+. Furthermore, ion ion interactions were included in quantitatively estimating toxicity of interactive mixtures of Cu2+-Zn2+ and Cu2+-Ag+ by linearly expanding the CA and RA models. About 80-92% of the variability in the root growth could be explained by this approach. Estimates by the extended models indicate significant alleviative effects of Zn2+ on Cu2+ toxicity whereas Cu2+ did not significantly affect Zn2+ toxicity. According to the extended CA model, Cu2+ significantly reduced Ag+ toxicity while Ag+ enhanced Cu2+ toxicity. Similar effects were not found by the extended RA model. These interactions might result from their individual uptake mechanisms and toxic actions as published in literature. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Le, T. T. Yen; Hendriks, A. Jan] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Inst Water & Wetland Res, Dept Environm Sci, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Le, T. T. Yen; Peijnenburg, Willie J. G. M.] Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, Lab Ecol Risk Assessment, NL-3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands. [Vijver, Martina G.; Peijnenburg, Willie J. G. M.] Leiden Univ, Inst Environm Sci CML, Dept Conservat Biol, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Kinraide, Thomas B.] ARS, Appalachian Farming Syst Res Ctr, USDA, Beaver, WV 25813 USA. RP Peijnenburg, WJGM (reprint author), Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, Lab Ecol Risk Assessment, POB 1, NL-3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands. EM willie.peijnenburg@rivm.nl RI Vijver, Martina/K-7831-2013; Peijnenburg, Willie/M-4110-2013; Hendriks, Aalbert Jan/C-6767-2013 NR 82 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 79 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-7491 EI 1873-6424 J9 ENVIRON POLLUT JI Environ. Pollut. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 176 BP 185 EP 192 DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.01.017 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 118ME UT WOS:000317028800025 PM 23429096 ER PT J AU Lustgarten, MS Price, LL Logvinenko, T Hatzis, C Padukone, N Reo, NV Phillips, EM Kirn, D Mills, J Fielding, RA AF Lustgarten, Michael S. Price, Lori Lyn Logvinenko, Tanya Hatzis, Christos Padukone, Nandan Reo, Nicholas V. Phillips, Edward M. Kirn, Dylan Mills, John Fielding, Roger A. TI Identification of serum analytes and metabolites associated with aerobic capacity SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Analytes; Metabolites; VO2max ID STRENUOUS PHYSICAL-EXERCISE; EARLY RECOVERY PHASE; ENDURANCE EXERCISE; PYRIDOXAL-PHOSPHATE; ASCORBIC-ACID; HEALTHY-MEN; METABOLOMICS; STRESS; QUANTIFICATION; PERFORMANCE AB Studies aimed at identifying serum markers of cellular metabolism (biomarkers) that are associated at baseline with aerobic capacity (VO2max) in young, healthy individuals have yet to be reported. Therefore, the goal of the present study was to use the standard chemistry screen and untargeted mass spectrometry (MS)-based metabolomic profiling to identify significant associations between baseline levels of serum analytes or metabolites with VO2max (77 subjects, age range 18-35 years). Use of multivariable linear regression identified three analytes (standard chemistry screen) and twenty-three metabolites (MS-based metabolomics) containing significant, sex-adjusted associations with VO2max. In addition, fourteen metabolites were found to contain sex-specific associations with aerobic capacity. Subsequent stepwise multivariable linear regression identified the combination of SGOT, 4-ethylphenylsulfate, tryptophan, gamma-tocopherol, and alpha-hydroxyisovalerate as overall, sex-adjusted baseline predictors of VO2max (adjusted R (2) = 0.66). However, the results of the stepwise model were found to be sensitive to outliers; therefore, random forest (RF) regression was performed. Use of RF regression identified a combination of seven covariates that explained 57.6 % of the variability inherent in VO2max. Furthermore, inclusion of significant analytes, metabolites and sex-specific metabolites into a stepwise regression model identified the combination of five metabolites in males and seven metabolites in females as being able to explain 80 and 58 % of the variability inherent in VO2max, respectively. In conclusion, the evidence presented in the current report is the first attempt to identify baseline serum biomarkers that are significantly associated with VO2max in young, healthy adult humans. C1 [Lustgarten, Michael S.; Phillips, Edward M.; Kirn, Dylan; Mills, John; Fielding, Roger A.] Tufts Univ, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Price, Lori Lyn; Logvinenko, Tanya] Tufts Med Ctr, Biostat Res Ctr, Inst Clin Res & Hlth Policy Studies, Boston, MA USA. [Hatzis, Christos; Padukone, Nandan] Nuvera Biosci Inc, Woburn, MA USA. [Reo, Nicholas V.] Wright State Univ, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. RP Fielding, RA (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM roger.fielding@tufts.edu RI Hatzis, Christos/M-3867-2015 OI Hatzis, Christos/0000-0002-8120-2290 FU DOD [W911SR06C0001]; U.S. Department of Agriculture [58-1950-0-014] FX This work was supported by DOD contract #W911SR06C0001 and in part by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, under agreement No. 58-1950-0-014. Any opinions, findings, conclusion, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Dr. Padukone and Dr. Hatzis are officers at Nuvera Biosciences, a company that specializes in metabolomic analysis, and therefore, have a conflict interest with respect to the current study. The remaining authors report no conflicts of interest. The results of the present study do not constitute endorsement by ACSM. NR 48 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 17 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1439-6319 J9 EUR J APPL PHYSIOL JI Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 113 IS 5 BP 1311 EP 1320 DI 10.1007/s00421-012-2555-x PG 10 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 126OR UT WOS:000317627700021 PM 23184236 ER PT J AU Yan, SS Yang, YW Wang, TL Zhao, TC Schaad, NW AF Yan, Shasha Yang, Yuwen Wang, Tielin Zhao, Tingchang Schaad, Norman W. TI Genetic diversity analysis of Acidovorax citrulli in China SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Acidovorax citrulli; PFGE; MLST; Genetic diversity ID AVENAE SUBSP CITRULLI; SEQUENCE TYPING SCHEME; WATERMELON; NOV; IDENTIFICATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; CATTLEYAE; BLOTCH; CLONES; SYSTEM AB Acidovorax citrulli has become quite common in China. A collection of 118 strains of A. citrulli was made from throughout China and other countries to determine their genetic relatedness. Strains were identified as A. citrulli by pathogenicity, phenotypic characterization, and PCR. Genetic diversity was determined using pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). PFGE electrophoresis resulted in nine genotypes, which could be typed into two groups based on host; group 1 included strains mainly from melon and group 2 included strains mainly from watermelon. MLST analysis resulted in 73 sequence types (ST) among the 118 A. citrulli strains. All A. citrulli strains were typed into three groups: group 1 with 82 strains (including type strain Fc247), group 2 with 35 strains and group 3 a singleton (Fc380). Similar to PFGE results, group 1 included strains mainly from melon and group 2 included strains mainly from watermelon. The difference was the 10 watermelon strains (pslbtw1-3, 5-11) from Beijing grouped with melon strains of group 1 based on MLST, suggesting that these 10 watermelon strains had a close relationship with melon. Our study indicated that there was genetic differentiation among A. citrulli strains between watermelon and melon. Also, our study was the first attempt to compare PFGE and MLST on analyzing genetic diversity of A. citrulli strains and proved MLST could better distinguish A. citrulli strains. C1 [Yan, Shasha; Yang, Yuwen; Wang, Tielin; Zhao, Tingchang] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, State Key Lab Biol Plant Dis & Insect Pests, Inst Plant Protect, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Schaad, Norman W.] USDA ARS, Foreign Dis Weed Sci Reserch Unit, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Zhao, TC (reprint author), Chinese Acad Agr Sci, State Key Lab Biol Plant Dis & Insect Pests, Inst Plant Protect, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. EM tczhao@ippcaas.cn FU Modern Agroindustry Technology Research System [CARS-26]; Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest [201003066] FX The earmarked fund for Modern Agroindustry Technology Research System (CARS-26) and Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (201003066). NR 25 TC 6 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 26 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-1873 J9 EUR J PLANT PATHOL JI Eur. J. Plant Pathol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 136 IS 1 BP 171 EP 181 DI 10.1007/s10658-012-0152-9 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 119DO UT WOS:000317077800017 ER PT J AU Mao, JZ Schmelcher, M Harty, WJ Foster-Frey, J Donovan, DM AF Mao, Jinzhe Schmelcher, Mathias Harty, William J. Foster-Frey, Juli Donovan, David M. TI Chimeric Ply187 endolysin kills Staphylococcus aureus more effectively than the parental enzyme SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE bacteriophage; endolysin; CHAP domain; SH3b cell wallbinding domain; Staphylococcus aureus ID CELL-WALL; LYTIC ACTIVITY; PROPHAGE-ENDOLYSIN; DOMAIN; BACTERIAL; BINDING; LYSIN; SPECIFICITY; LYSOSTAPHIN; HYDROLASES AB Peptidoglycan hydrolases are an effective new source of antimicrobials. A chimeric fusion protein of the Ply187 endopeptidase domain and LysK SH3b cell wallbinding domain is a potent agent against Staphylococcus aureus in four functional assays. C1 [Mao, Jinzhe; Schmelcher, Mathias; Harty, William J.; Foster-Frey, Juli; Donovan, David M.] ARS, ABBL, BARC, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Donovan, DM (reprint author), ARS, ABBL, BARC, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 230, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM david.donovan@ars.usda.gov FU NIAID NIH HHS [1R01AI075077-01A1, R01 AI075077] NR 25 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 5 U2 26 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0378-1097 EI 1574-6968 J9 FEMS MICROBIOL LETT JI FEMS Microbiol. Lett. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 342 IS 1 BP 30 EP 36 DI 10.1111/1574-6968.12104 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 126IR UT WOS:000317608100005 PM 23413880 ER PT J AU Arismendi, I Johnson, SL Dunham, JB Haggerty, R AF Arismendi, Ivan Johnson, Sherri L. Dunham, Jason B. Haggerty, Roy TI Descriptors of natural thermal regimes in streams and their responsiveness to change in the Pacific Northwest of North America SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE coherence; global warming; North American streams; stream temperature; synchrony; trends ID BONNEVILLE CUTTHROAT TROUT; SPAWNING SEASON; SOCKEYE-SALMON; LAKE DISTRICTS; CHINOOK SALMON; CLIMATE-CHANGE; TEMPERATURE; RIVER; RESPONSES; FLOWS AB 1. Temperature is a major driver of ecological processes in stream ecosystems, yet the dynamics of thermal regimes remain poorly described. Most work has focused on relatively simple descriptors that fail to capture the full range of conditions that characterise thermal regimes of streams across seasons or throughout the year. 2. To more completely describe thermal regimes, we developed several descriptors of magnitude, variability, frequency, duration and timing of thermal events throughout a year. We evaluated how these descriptors change over time using long-term (19792009), continuous temperature data from five relatively undisturbed cold-water streams in western Oregon, U.S.A. In addition to trends for each descriptor, we evaluated similarities among them, as well as patterns of spatial coherence, and temporal synchrony. 3. Using different groups of descriptors, we were able to more fully capture distinct aspects of the full range of variability in thermal regimes across space and time. A subset of descriptors showed both higher coherence and synchrony and, thus, an appropriate level of responsiveness to examine evidence of regional climatic influences on thermal regimes. Most notably, daily minimum values during winterspring were the most responsive descriptors to potential climatic influences. 4. Overall, thermal regimes in streams we studied showed high frequency and low variability of cold temperatures during the cold-water period in winter and spring, and high frequency and high variability of warm temperatures during the warm-water period in summer and autumn. The cold and warm periods differed in the distribution of events with a higher frequency and longer duration of warm events in summer than cold events in winter. The cold period exhibited lower variability in the duration of events, but showed more variability in timing. 5. In conclusion, our results highlight the importance of a year-round perspective in identifying the most responsive characteristics or descriptors of thermal regimes in streams. The descriptors we provide herein can be applied across hydro-ecological regions to evaluate spatial and temporal patterns in thermal regimes. Evaluation of coherence and synchrony of different components of thermal regimes can facilitate identification of impacts of regional climate variability or local human or natural influences. C1 [Arismendi, Ivan; Haggerty, Roy] Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Johnson, Sherri L.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Dunham, Jason B.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR USA. RP Arismendi, I (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM ivan.arismendi@oregonstate.edu RI Haggerty, Roy/A-5863-2009; Arismendi, Ivan/B-3144-2010 OI Arismendi, Ivan/0000-0002-8774-9350 FU National Science Foundation's Long-Term Ecological Research Program [DEB 08-23380]; US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station; Oregon State University; US Geological Survey; Oregon State University [10-JV-11261991-055]; National Science Foundation [EAR-1039192] FX Brooke Penaluna and two anonymous reviewers provided comments on the manuscript. Part of the data was provided by the HJ Andrews Experimental Forest research program, funded by the National Science Foundation's Long-Term Ecological Research Program (DEB 08-23380), US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station and Oregon State University. Financial support was provided by US Geological Survey, the US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station and Oregon State University through joint venture agreement 10-JV-11261991-055. The contribution of RH is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. EAR-1039192. Use of firm or trade names is for reader information only and does not imply endorsement of any product or service by the U.S. Government. NR 59 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 54 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0046-5070 EI 1365-2427 J9 FRESHWATER BIOL JI Freshw. Biol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 58 IS 5 BP 880 EP 894 DI 10.1111/fwb.12094 PG 15 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 126NZ UT WOS:000317625900004 ER PT J AU Polivka, KM Friedli, LM Green, EC AF Polivka, Karl M. Friedli, Lisa M. Green, Elizabeth C. TI Stream inflow and predation risk affect littoral habitat selection by benthic fish SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE benthic; cottids; habitat selection; lakes; resource matching ID IDEAL FREE DISTRIBUTION; ESTUARINE-OPPORTUNIST FISH; HEADWATER STREAMS; FOOD WEBS; TERRESTRIAL PREY; ABUNDANCE; SUBSIDIES; CONSEQUENCES; INVERTEBRATE; GROWTH AB 1. We examined small, fishless headwater streams to determine whether transport of macroinvertebrates into the littoral zone of an oligotrophic lake augmented food availability for Cottus asper, an abundant predatory fish in our study system. We sampled fish and macroinvertebrates during the recruitment and growth season of 2years, either monthly (2004) or bi-monthly (2005), to observe whether stream inputs increased prey availability and whether variation in total macroinvertebrate biomass was tracked by fish. 2. Observations from eight headwater streams indicated that streams did not increase the total macroinvertebrate biomass in the shallow littoral zone at stream inflows, relative to adjacent plots without stream inputs (controls). The taxonomic composition of stream macroinvertebrates drifting toward the lake differed from that in the littoral lake benthos itself, although there was no evidence of any species change in the composition of the littoral benthos brought about by stream inputs. 3. Although streams made no measurable contribution to the biomass or taxonomic composition of the littoral macroinvertebrate benthos, there was substantial temporal variation in biomass among the eight sites for each of the (n=7) sample periods during which observations were made. Variation in total biomass was primarily a function of bottom slope and benthic substrata in the lake habitats. Dominant taxonomic groups were Baetidae, Ephemerellidae (two genera), Leptophlebiidae, Chironomidae (three subfamilies) and Perlodidae, although we did not determine the specific substratum affinities of each taxon. 4. Mixed effects linear models identified a significant interaction between macroinvertebrate biomass and plot type (stream inflow vs. control) associated with fish abundance. Across the observed range of macroinvertebrate biomass, fish showed a significant preference for stream inflows, but more closely tracked food availability in the controls. For young-of-the-year (YOY), a negative effect of temperature was also included in the model, and we observed lower temperatures at stream inflows. However, abundance of predatory adults affected habitat selection for YOY. Lake-bottom slope also accounted for variation in abundance in both fish models. 5. Our results suggest that the effect of fishless headwater streams on downstream fish may not always be through direct delivery of food. In this study system, fish preferred stream inflow plots, but this preference interacted with macroinvertebrate biomass in a manner that was difficult to explain. For YOY, predation risk was related to the preference for stream inflows, although the specific factor that mitigates predation risk remains poorly understood. C1 [Polivka, Karl M.; Friedli, Lisa M.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. [Friedli, Lisa M.] Cascadia Conservat Dist, Wenatchee, WA USA. [Green, Elizabeth C.] Univ Alaska, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA. RP Polivka, KM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, 1133 N Western Ave, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. EM kpolivka@fs.fed.us FU Pacific Northwest Research Station (USDA Forest Service); Bonneville Power Administration [2003-017-00]; American Fisheries Society Hutton Junior Fisheries Biology Scholarship FX This work was completed primarily with the support of the Pacific Northwest Research Station (USDA Forest Service) but was also funded partially by a grant from Bonneville Power Administration (2003-017-00). Field work was completed with the assistance of B. Eichler, E. Eichler, S. Eichler, H. Bushy, K. Logan, J. Kill, J. Layman and J. Bridge. Additional support was provided by the American Fisheries Society Hutton Junior Fisheries Biology Scholarship to S. Eichler. P. Cunningham assisted with earlier statistical analyses and R. Flitcroft provided helpful suggestions on an earlier draft of the manuscript. We thank the Okanogan-Wenatchee National Forest and Thousand Trails Campground Hosting for the use of the Glacier View campground during field work. NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 33 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0046-5070 J9 FRESHWATER BIOL JI Freshw. Biol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 58 IS 5 BP 986 EP 994 DI 10.1111/fwb.12101 PG 9 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 126NZ UT WOS:000317625900011 ER PT J AU Wickham, JD Wade, TG Riitters, KH AF Wickham, James D. Wade, Timothy G. Riitters, Kurt H. TI Empirical analysis of the influence of forest extent on annual and seasonal surface temperatures for the continental United States SO GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE Albedo; climate change; ecosystem services; land cover; MODIS; NLCD; scale; sustainability ID LAND-COVER CHANGE; SCALE DEFORESTATION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; CARBON-CYCLE; FRAGMENTATION; IMPACT; EDGE; VALIDATION; PRODUCTS; FORCINGS AB Aim Because of the low albedo of forests and other biophysical factors, most scenario-based climate modelling studies indicate that removal of temperate forest will promote cooling, indicating that temperate forests are a source of heat relative to other classes of land cover. Our objective was to test the hypothesis that US temperate forests reduce surface temperatures. Location The continental United States. Methods Ordinary least squares regression was used to develop relationships between forest extent and surface temperature. Forest extent was derived from the 900m2 2001 National Land Cover Database (NLCD 2001) and surface temperature data were from the MODIS 1 km2 8-day composite (MYD11A2). Forestsurface temperature relationships were developed for winter, spring, summer, autumn and annually using 5 years of MODIS land surface temperature data (200711) across six spatial scales (1, 4, 9, 16, 25 and 36 km2). Regression models controlled for the effects of elevation, aspect and latitude (by constraining the regressions within a 1 degrees range). Results We did not find any significant positive slopes in regressions of average annual surface temperatures versus the proportion of forest, indicating that forests are not a source of heat relative to other types of land cover. We found that surface temperatures declined as the proportion of forest increased for spring, summer, autumn and annually. The forestsurface temperature relationship was also scale dependent in that spatially extensive forests produced cooler surface temperatures than forests that were dominant only locally. Main conclusions Our results are not consistent with most scenario-based climate modelling studies. Because of their warming potential, the value of temperate afforestation as a potential climate change mitigation strategy is unclear. Our results indicate that temperate afforestation is a climate change mitigation strategy that should be implemented to promote spatially extensive forests. C1 [Wickham, James D.; Wade, Timothy G.] US EPA, NERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Riitters, Kurt H.] USFS, So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Wickham, JD (reprint author), US EPA E243 05, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Div Environm Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM wickham.james@epa.gov FU The United States Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. Calli Jenkerson (United States Geological Survey) assisted with the acquisition of the MODIS LST data. We thank David Bradford (US Environmental Protection Agency) and two anonymous referees for their helpful comments on earlier drafts of the paper. NR 48 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 5 U2 36 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1466-822X J9 GLOBAL ECOL BIOGEOGR JI Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 22 IS 5 BP 620 EP 629 DI 10.1111/geb.12013 PG 10 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA 127CP UT WOS:000317673200010 ER PT J AU Frank, KL Tobin, PC Thistle, HW Kalkstein, LS AF Frank, K. L. Tobin, P. C. Thistle, H. W., Jr. Kalkstein, Laurence S. TI Interpretation of gypsy moth frontal advance using meteorology in a conditional algorithm SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Atmospheric transport; Biological invasions; Lymantria dispar; Synoptic climatology ID LONG-DISTANCE DISPERSAL; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; MATING SUCCESS; LYMANTRIIDAE; LEPIDOPTERA; POPULATIONS; PHENOLOGY; SPREAD; WISCONSIN; FLIGHT AB The gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar, is a non-native species that continues to invade areas in North America. It spreads generally through stratified dispersal where local growth and diffusive spread are coupled with long-distance jumps ahead of the leading edge. Long-distance jumps due to anthropogenic movement of life stages is a well-documented spread mechanism. Another mechanism is the atmospheric transport of early instars and adult males, believed to occur over short distances. However, empirical gypsy moth population data continue to support the possibility of alternative methods of long-range dispersal. Such dispersal events seemed to have occurred in the mid- to late-1990s with spread across Lake Michigan to Wisconsin. Such dispersal would be against the prevailing wind flow for the area and would have crossed a significant physical barrier (Lake Michigan). The climatology of the region shows that vigorous cyclones can result in strong easterly winds in the area at the time when early instars are present. It is hypothesized that these storms would enable individuals to be blown across the Lake and explain the appearance of new population centers observed at several locations on the western shore of Lake Michigan nearly simultaneously. A synoptic climatology model coupled with population dynamics data from the area was parameterized to show an association between transport events and population spread from 1996 to 2007. This work highlights the importance of atmospheric transport events relative to the invasion dynamics of the gypsy moth, and serves as a model for understanding this mechanism of spread in other related biological invasions. C1 [Frank, K. L.] Appl Climatologists Inc, Marco Isl, FL 34145 USA. [Tobin, P. C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Thistle, H. W., Jr.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Hlth Technol Enterprise Team, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Kalkstein, Laurence S.] Univ Miami, Dept Geog & Reg Studies, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. RP Frank, KL (reprint author), Appl Climatologists Inc, Marco Isl, FL 34145 USA. EM klfrank@live.com NR 47 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0020-7128 J9 INT J BIOMETEOROL JI Int. J. Biometeorol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 57 IS 3 BP 459 EP 473 DI 10.1007/s00484-012-0572-4 PG 15 WC Biophysics; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physiology SC Biophysics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physiology GA 124OP UT WOS:000317474400013 PM 22842865 ER PT J AU Cichon, L Fuentes-Contreras, E Garrido, S Lago, J Barros-Parada, W Basoalto, E Hilton, R Knight, A AF Cichon, L. Fuentes-Contreras, E. Garrido, S. Lago, J. Barros-Parada, W. Basoalto, E. Hilton, R. Knight, A. TI Monitoring oriental fruit moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) with sticky traps baited with terpinyl acetate and sex pheromone SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE mating disruption; nectarine; peach ID MOLESTA BUSCK LEP.; DELTA-SHAPED TRAPS; MATING DISRUPTION; APPLE ORCHARDS AB Studies in Argentina and Chile during 20102011 evaluated a new trap (Ajar) for monitoring the oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta (Busck). The Ajar trap was delta-shaped with a jar filled with a terpinyl acetate plus brown sugar bait attached to the bottom centre of the trap. The screened lid of the jar was inserted inside the trap, and moths were caught on a sticky insert surrounding the lid. The Ajar trap was evaluated with and without the addition of a sex pheromone lure and compared with delta traps left unbaited or baited with a sex pheromone lure and a bucket trap filled with the same liquid bait. Studies were conducted in a sex pheromone-treated orchard in Argentina and an untreated orchard in Chile. In Chile, the Ajar trap without the sex pheromone lure caught significantly fewer males, females and total moths than the bucket trap, and fewer males and more females than the sex pheromone-baited delta trap. Total moth catch did not differ between the Ajar trap without a sex pheromone lure and the sex pheromone-baited trap. Adding a sex pheromone lure to the Ajar trap significantly increased total moth catches to levels not different from those in the bucket trap. However, the Ajar trap with the sex pheromone lure caught significantly more males and fewer females than the bucket trap. In Argentina, the Ajar trap with or without the addition of a sex pheromone lure caught similar numbers of both sexes and total moths as the bucket trap. The sex pheromone-baited delta trap caught <4% of the number of moths as these three traps. The bucket trap in both studies caught significantly more non-targets than the delta and Ajar traps. Moth catches in the Ajar trap declined significantly after 23weeks when the bait was not replaced. C1 [Cichon, L.; Garrido, S.; Lago, J.] INTA Alto Valle, Estn Expt Agr, Rio Negro, Argentina. [Fuentes-Contreras, E.; Barros-Parada, W.; Basoalto, E.] Univ Talca, Fac Ciencias Agr, Casilla, Talca, Chile. [Hilton, R.] Oregon State Univ, Medford, OR USA. [Knight, A.] ARS, USDA, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. RP Knight, A (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. EM alan.knight@ars.usda.gov RI Fuentes-Contreras, Eduardo/A-7595-2008; Barros, Wilson/I-5535-2013; Basoalto Venegas, Esteban/A-6384-2016 OI Fuentes-Contreras, Eduardo/0000-0003-3567-3830; Barros, Wilson/0000-0003-3015-4927; Basoalto Venegas, Esteban/0000-0003-2280-8978 FU INTA Fruit National Project [PNFRU52001/529841]; Fundacion ArgenINTA. Ing. Agr.; FONDECYT (Santiago, Chile) [1071029]; Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile FX Studies in Argentina received partial funding by INTA Fruit National Project PNFRU52001/529841 and Fundacion ArgenINTA. Ing. Agr. Field access was kindly allowed by Eduardo Prado in Chacra Antigua Roca. Studies in Chile received partial funding by FONDECYT (grant #1071029, Santiago, Chile) and doctoral fellowships from the Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile. Field access was kindly supported by Karina Buzzeti and AgriDevelopment (Santiago, Chile). Helpful reviews of an earlier draft were supplied by Lucia Varela, University of California, Sonoma, CA; Nicolas Ellis, Penn State University, Biglerville, PA; Fabio Molinari, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy; and Dolors Bosch, Centre UdL-IRTA de Lleida, Lleida, Spain. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 42 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0931-2048 J9 J APPL ENTOMOL JI J. Appl. Entomol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 137 IS 4 BP 275 EP 281 DI 10.1111/j.1439-0418.2012.01732.x PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 124AM UT WOS:000317434900005 ER PT J AU Piesik, D Panka, D Jeske, M Wenda-Piesik, A Delaney, KJ Weaver, DK AF Piesik, D. Panka, D. Jeske, M. Wenda-Piesik, A. Delaney, K. J. Weaver, D. K. TI Volatile induction of infected and neighbouring uninfected plants potentially influence attraction/repellence of a cereal herbivore SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cereal; volatile; odour; Fusarium; pathogen; herbivore ID LEAF BEETLE COLEOPTERA; AIRBORNE SIGNALS; PARASITIC WASPS; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; INSECT HERBIVORY; POTATO-TUBERS; WINTER-WHEAT; DEFENSE; RESISTANCE; MAIZE AB Pathogen infection can induce plant volatile organic compounds (VOCs). We infected McNeal' wheat and Harrington' barley with a Fusarium spp. blend (F.graminearum,F.avenaceum and F.culmorum). Both cereals had the greatest VOC induction 14days after pathogen innoculation, only slightly lower induction occurred at 7days, but displayed no induction at 1days. The induced VOC bouquet for both cereals included six green leaf volatiles (GLVs; e.g. (Z)-3-hexenol and (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate), four terpenes (linalool, linalool oxide, (Z)--ocimene and (E)--caryophyllene) and benzyl acetate. Neighbouring, uninfected individuals of both cereals had significant VOC induction when exposed to an infected, conspecific plant. The temporal pattern and VOC blend were qualitatively similar to infected plants but with quantitative reductions for all induced VOCs. The degree of neighbouring, uninfected plant induction was negatively related to distance from an infected plant. Plant VOC induction in response to pathogen infection potentially influences herbivore attraction or repellency. Y-tube tests showed that herbivorous female and male Oulema cyanella Voet. (Chrysomelidae: Coleoptera) were significantly attracted to (Z)-3-hexenal and (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate at 300 and 1500ng/h but were repelled by both GLVs as well as (Z)--ocimene and linalool at 7500ng/h. These O.cyanella behavioural responses were significantly at higher concentrations than those emitted by single plants with pathogen-induced VOCs, so adults might only be able to respond to a dense group of infected plants. Also, O.cyanella dose responses differ from the previously tested congeneric O.melanopus (cereal leaf beetle), which was attracted to three VOCs induced by Fusarium infection of maize, barley and wheat. Future behavioural tests may indicate whether different herbivore dose responses measured with each VOC singly can help to predict attraction or repellency to injured and uninjured VOC bouquets from different host plant species. C1 [Piesik, D.] Univ Technol & Life Sci, Dept Appl Entomol, PL-85225 Bydgoszcz, Poland. [Panka, D.; Jeske, M.] Univ Technol & Life Sci, Dept Phytopathol & Mol Mycol, PL-85225 Bydgoszcz, Poland. [Wenda-Piesik, A.] Univ Technol & Life Sci, Dept Plant Growth Principles & Expt Methodol, PL-85225 Bydgoszcz, Poland. [Delaney, K. J.] ARS, Pest Management Res Unit, Northern Plains Agr Res Lab, USDA, Sidney, MT USA. [Weaver, D. K.] Montana State Univ, Dept Land Resources & Environm Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. RP Piesik, D (reprint author), Univ Technol & Life Sci, Dept Appl Entomol, 20 Kordeckiego St, PL-85225 Bydgoszcz, Poland. EM piesik@utp.edu.pl FU Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Polish: Ministerstwo Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wyzszego) [1648/B/P01/2010/39] FX Portions of this research were supported with funds provided by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Polish: Ministerstwo Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wyzszego) (contract number 1648/B/P01/2010/39 entitled, 'Effect of volatile organic compounds released by green and floral parts of Brassica napus on behaviour of Meligethes aeneus F.'). NR 76 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 7 U2 80 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0931-2048 J9 J APPL ENTOMOL JI J. Appl. Entomol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 137 IS 4 BP 296 EP 309 DI 10.1111/j.1439-0418.2012.01742.x PG 14 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 124AM UT WOS:000317434900008 ER PT J AU Bradner, L Robbe-Austerman, S Beitz, DC Stabel, JR AF Bradner, L. Robbe-Austerman, S. Beitz, D. C. Stabel, J. R. TI Optimization of Hexadecylpyridinium Chloride Decontamination for Culture of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis from Milk SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BULK TANK MILK; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; TIME QUANTITATIVE PCR; FECAL CULTURE; DAIRY HERDS; PROTOCOLS; SAMPLES; SYSTEM; STRAIN; CALVES AB A protocol was optimized for the isolation of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) from milk and colostrum, with parameters including chemical decontamination, antibiotics, and different culture media. This study demonstrates that the efficiency of MAP recovery from milk is highly dependent upon the culturing protocol, and such protocols should be optimized to ensure that low concentrations of MAP in milk can be detected. C1 [Bradner, L.; Beitz, D. C.] Iowa State Univ, Roy J Carver Dept Biochem Biophys & Mol Biol, Ames, IA USA. [Robbe-Austerman, S.] USDA APHIS, Vet Serv, Ames, IA USA. [Beitz, D. C.; Stabel, J. R.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Stabel, J. R.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Stabel, JR (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM judy.stabel@ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 51 IS 5 BP 1575 EP 1577 DI 10.1128/JCM.00333-13 PG 3 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 126GT UT WOS:000317602100037 PM 23426920 ER PT J AU Kim, HW Amatya, DM Chescheir, GM Skaggs, WR Nettles, JE AF Kim, Hyun Woo Amatya, Devendra M. Chescheir, George M. Skaggs, Wayne R. Nettles, Jami E. TI Hydrologic Effects of Size and Location of Fields Converted from Drained Pine Forest to Agricultural Cropland SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE DRAINWAT; Land-use change; Soil hydraulic conductivity; Outflow; Peak flow rate; Evapotranspiration ID LAND-USE CHANGE; LOWER COASTAL-PLAIN; ANNUAL WATER YIELD; NORTH-CAROLINA; RIVER-BASIN; MODEL; STREAMFLOW; QUALITY; SCALE; SIMULATIONS AB Hydrological effects of land-use change are of great concern to ecohydrologists and watershed managers, especially in the Atlantic coastal plain of the southeastern United States. The concern is attributable to rapid population growth and the resulting pressure to develop forested lands. Many researchers have studied these effects in various scales, with varying results. An extended watershed-scale forest hydrologic model, calibrated with 1996-2000 data, was used to evaluate long-term hydrologic effects of conversion to agriculture (corn-wheat-soybean cropland) of a 29.5-km(2) intensively managed pine-forested watershed in Washington County in eastern North Carolina. Fifty years of weather data (1951-2000) from a nearby weather station were used for simulating hydrology to evaluate effects on outflows, evapotranspiration, and water table depth compared with the baseline scenario. Other simulation scenarios were created for each of five different percentages (10, 25, 50, 75, and 100%) of land-use conversion occurring at upstream and downstream locations in the pine-forest watershed. Simulations revealed that increased mean annual outflow was significant (alpha = 0.05) only for 100% conversion from forest (261 mm) to agricultural crop (326 mm), primarily attributed to a reduction in evapotranspiration. Although high flow rates >5 mm day(-1) increased from 2.3 to 2.6% (downstream) and 2.6 to 4.2% (upstream) for 25 to 50% conversion, the frequency was higher for the upstream location than the downstream. These results were attributed to a substantial decrease in soil hydraulic conductivity of one of the dominant soils in the upstream location, which is expected after land-use conversion to agriculture. As a result, predicted subsurface drainage decreased, and surface runoff increased as soil hydraulic conductivity decreased for the soil upstream. These results indicate that soil hydraulic properties resulting from land-use conversion have a greater influence on hydrologic components than the location of land use conversion. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0000566. (C) 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers. C1 [Kim, Hyun Woo] Natl Inst Environm Res, Dept Water Environm Engn Res, Inchon 404708, South Korea. [Amatya, Devendra M.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Forested Wetlands Res, Cordesville, SC 29434 USA. [Chescheir, George M.; Skaggs, Wayne R.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Nettles, Jami E.] Weyerhaeuser Co, Columbus, MS 39704 USA. RP Amatya, DM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ctr Forested Wetlands Res, 3734 Highway 402, Cordesville, SC 29434 USA. EM kim4hydro@korea.kr; damatya@fs.fed.us RI Kim, Hyun Woo/O-2031-2016 FU Weyerhaeuser Company, USDA National Research Initiative (NRI) [98-35102-6493]; National Council for Stream and Air Improvement (NCASI); USDA Forest Service; Center for Forested Wetlands Research, North Carolina State University,; Post Doctoral Course Program of National Institute of Environmental Research, Republic of Korea FX This work was made possible by the support of Weyerhaeuser Company, USDA National Research Initiative (NRI, contract 98-35102-6493), National Council for Stream and Air Improvement (NCASI), the USDA Forest Service, the Center for Forested Wetlands Research, North Carolina State University, and the Post Doctoral Course Program of National Institute of Environmental Research, Republic of Korea. NR 59 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 36 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1084-0699 J9 J HYDROL ENG JI J. Hydrol. Eng. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 18 IS 5 BP 552 EP 566 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0000566 PG 15 WC Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 123VX UT WOS:000317420600008 ER PT J AU Zelinka, SL Rammer, DR AF Zelinka, Samuel L. Rammer, Douglas R. TI Environmental Degradation of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Fasteners in Wood SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Nail; Preservative-treated wood; Dynamical mechanical analysis (DMA); Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) ID 100-PERCENT RELATIVE-HUMIDITY; TREATED WOOD; CORROSION RATES AB This paper examines the durability of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) nails in treated wood. The FRP nails were exposed to four conditions: (1) accelerated weathering, consisting of exposure to ultraviolet light and condensation; (2) 100% relative humidity (RH); (3) being driven into untreated wood and exposed to 100% RH; and (4) being driven into wood treated with alkaline copper quaternary (ACQ) and exposed to 100% RH. Changes in the physical, mechanical, and chemical properties were examined with weight loss, dynamical mechanical analysis (DMA), and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR), respectively. Although fasteners exhibited changes after exposure to treated wood, the changes were not statistically different than the changes that occurred in untreated wood or in the humid environment. Under these three conditions, the fasteners gained 2-3% of their starting mass, and the storage modulus also increased by 20% after exposure. The results suggest that moisture is more important than the wood chemistry or preservative chemistry in determining the durability of FRP fasteners in wood. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0000619. (C) 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers. C1 [Zelinka, Samuel L.; Rammer, Douglas R.] USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Zelinka, SL (reprint author), USDA, Forest Prod Lab, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM szelinka@fs.fed.us FU Federal Highway Administration National Historic Covered Bridge Research Program FX The authors acknowledge funding from the Federal Highway Administration National Historic Covered Bridge Research Program. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 13 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0899-1561 J9 J MATER CIVIL ENG JI J. Mater. Civ. Eng. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 25 IS 5 BP 627 EP 631 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0000619 PG 5 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Materials Science GA 123XJ UT WOS:000317424900009 ER PT J AU Dent, DH DeWalt, SJ Denslow, JS AF Dent, Daisy H. DeWalt, Saara J. Denslow, Julie S. TI Secondary forests of central Panama increase in similarity to old-growth forest over time in shade tolerance but not species composition SO JOURNAL OF VEGETATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Barro Colorado Island; Forest succession; Seedling bank; Tropical forest ID TROPICAL FOREST; NEOTROPICAL FOREST; SEED DISPERSAL; RAIN-FORESTS; COSTA-RICA; TREE; SUCCESSION; CHRONOSEQUENCE; RECRUITMENT; ABUNDANCE AB Question Does species and functional composition of secondary tropical forests more closely follow a deterministic or a stochastic model of succession? Location The Barro Colorado Nature Monument (BCNM), central Panama. The BCNM comprises Barro Colorado Island (BCI) and five adjacent mainland peninsulas and is a mosaic of tropical old-growth (OG) and secondary forests (SF). Methods We studied the species and functional composition of seedling, sapling and adult tree communities in a chronosequence of SF stands ranging in age from 20 to 100yrs since abandonment, as well as two OG stands for comparison. Functional composition was defined as the representation of species with different degrees of shade tolerance. We also examined patterns of species diversity and dominance to better understand processes driving compositional changes. Results Species diversity recovered rapidly, and, by 20yrs, species richness for all size classes was equivalent if not higher in SF compared to OG. Species diversity tended to be lower and species dominance higher for seedlings than saplings or adults. Seedling, sapling and adult tree species composition did not clearly increase in similarity to OG with forest age. Instead, differences in species composition among stands reflected variation in dominance by particular species. Light-demanding species became less common and shade-tolerant species more common over stand age, with the functional composition of older secondary forests converging on that of OG. The seedling and sapling communities across the chronosequence were composed of a shade-tolerant subset of those species found in the stands as adults. Conclusion Our results suggest that recruitment into the seedling community of SF is determined by both predictable (e.g. selection for shade-tolerant species) and unpredictable factors (e.g. species-specific reproduction events and dispersal limitation). Recruitment into the sapling and tree communities reflects stronger, and potentially compounded, selection for shade-tolerant species. Therefore, changes in the species composition of regenerating forests in this area appear to be unpredictable, even though the functional composition follows a more deterministic and predictable trajectory with convergence on OG over time. C1 [Dent, Daisy H.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Dent, Daisy H.] Univ Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, Scotland. [DeWalt, Saara J.] Clemson Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Denslow, Julie S.] US Forest Serv, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, USDA, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Dent, DH (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado Postal 0843-03092, Balboa, Panama. EM daisy.h.dent@gmail.com; saarad@clemson.edu; jdenslow@fs.fed.us RI Dent, Daisy/L-3549-2016 OI Dent, Daisy/0000-0002-1219-7344 FU NSF [DEB 928031]; SENACYT [COL10-052] FX We would like to thank the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute for providing logistical support, the late Eduardo Sierra, who assisted with plant identification and verification, and Robin Chazdon, Miquel De Caceres and an anonymous reviewer for comments that improved the manuscript. Research was supported by NSF grant DEB 928031 and SENACYT grant COL10-052. NR 68 TC 22 Z9 25 U1 8 U2 82 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1100-9233 J9 J VEG SCI JI J. Veg. Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 24 IS 3 BP 530 EP 542 DI 10.1111/j.1654-1103.2012.01482.x PG 13 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA 118IF UT WOS:000317018300013 ER PT J AU Besser, TE Cassirer, EF Highland, MA Wolff, P Justice-Allen, A Mansfield, K Davis, MA Foreyt, W AF Besser, Thomas E. Cassirer, E. Frances Highland, Margaret A. Wolff, Peregrine Justice-Allen, Anne Mansfield, Kristin Davis, Margaret A. Foreyt, William TI Bighorn sheep pneumonia: Sorting out the cause of a polymicrobial disease (vol 108, pg 85, 2013) SO PREVENTIVE VETERINARY MEDICINE LA English DT Correction C1 [Besser, Thomas E.; Highland, Margaret A.; Foreyt, William] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Cassirer, E. Frances] Idaho Dept Fish & Game, Lewiston, ID USA. [Highland, Margaret A.] ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Pullman, WA USA. [Wolff, Peregrine] Nevada Dept Wildlife, Reno, NV USA. [Justice-Allen, Anne] Arizona Game & Fish Dept, Phoenix, AZ USA. [Mansfield, Kristin] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Spokane Valley, WA USA. [Davis, Margaret A.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Clin Med, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Besser, TE (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM tbesser@vetmed.wsu.edu NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-5877 J9 PREV VET MED JI Prev. Vet. Med. PD MAY 1 PY 2013 VL 109 IS 3-4 BP 185 EP 185 DI 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2013.02.020 PG 1 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 124CO UT WOS:000317441600002 ER PT J AU Killian, ML Swenson, SL Vincent, AL Landgraf, JG Shu, B Lindstrom, S Xu, X Klimov, A Zhang, Y Bowman, AS AF Killian, M. L. Swenson, S. L. Vincent, A. L. Landgraf, J. G. Shu, B. Lindstrom, S. Xu, X. Klimov, A. Zhang, Y. Bowman, A. S. TI Simultaneous Infection of Pigs and People with Triple-Reassortant Swine Influenza Virus H1N1 at a U.S. County Fair SO ZOONOSES AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Swine influenza; transmission ID EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS ANALYSIS; UNITED-STATES; A VIRUS; SOFTWARE; OUTBREAK AB Influenza-like illness was noted in people and pigs in attendance at an Ohio county fair in August 2007. The morbidity rate in swine approached 100% within 12days of initial clinical signs being recognized, and approximately two dozen people developed influenza-like illness. Triple-reassortant swine H1N1 influenza viruses were identified in both pigs and people at the fair. The identified viruses (A/Sw/OH/511445/2007, A/Ohio/01/2007, and A/Ohio/02/2007) were similar to H1N1 swine influenza viruses currently found in the U.S. swine population. This case illustrates the possibility of transmission of swine influenza in settings where there is close human/swine interaction. C1 [Killian, M. L.; Swenson, S. L.; Landgraf, J. G.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Diagnost Virol Lab, Natl Vet Serv Labs, USDA, Ames, IA USA. [Vincent, A. L.] ARS, Virus & Prion Dis Livestock Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. [Shu, B.; Lindstrom, S.; Xu, X.; Klimov, A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Virus Surveillance & Diagnost Branch, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Zhang, Y.] Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, Reynoldsburg, OH USA. [Bowman, A. S.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Swenson, SL (reprint author), USDA, Natl Vet Serv Labs, POB 844,1920 Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM sabrina.l.swenson@aphis.usda.gov RI Bowman, Andrew/B-4321-2012 OI Bowman, Andrew/0000-0002-0738-8453 NR 10 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1863-1959 J9 ZOONOSES PUBLIC HLTH JI Zoonoses Public Health PD MAY PY 2013 VL 60 IS 3 BP 196 EP 201 DI 10.1111/j.1863-2378.2012.01508.x PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences GA 126BP UT WOS:000317586500002 PM 22776714 ER PT J AU Skoracka, A Kuczynski, L Szydlo, W Rector, B AF Skoracka, Anna Kuczynski, Lechoslaw Szydlo, Wiktoria Rector, Brian TI The wheat curl mite Aceria tosichella (Acari: Eriophyoidea) is a complex of cryptic lineages with divergent host ranges: evidence from molecular and plant bioassay data SO BIOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE 28S rDNA D2; DNA barcoding; acceptance; specificity; mtDNA COI; species complex ID ANIMAL MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; SPECIES COMPLEX; BEMISIA-TABACI; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; GENETIC DIVERSITY; MARKERS INDICATE; NORTH-AMERICAN; RACE FORMATION; KEIFER ACARI; BARCODE DATA AB Aceria tosichella (the wheat curl mite, WCM) is a global pest of wheat and other cereals, causing losses by direct damage, as well as the transmission of plant viruses. The mite is considered to have an unusually wide host range for an eriophyoid species. The present study tested the commonly held assumption that WCM is a single, highly polyphagous species by assessing the host range of genetically distinct lineages of WCM occurring in Poland on different host plants. Genotyping was performed by analyzing nucleotide sequence data from fragments of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and the nuclear D2 region of 28S rDNA. Mean between-lineage distance estimated using COI data was found to be one order of magnitude greater than the within-clade lineage and, in some cases, comparable to distances between WCM lineages and a congeneric outgroup species. Host acceptance was tested by quantifying population growth for different WCM mitochondrial (mt)DNA lineages when transferred from source host plants to test plants. These experiments revealed significant differences in host colonization ability between mtDNA lineages, ranging from highly polyphagous to more host-specific. The present study reveals that WCM is composed of several discrete genetic lineages with divergent host-acceptance and specificity traits. Genetic variation for host acceptance within A.tosichella s.l. may act as a reproductive barrier between these lineages, most of which had narrow host ranges. Two lineages appear to have high pest potential on cereals, whereas several others appear to specialize on wild grass species. We conclude that WCM is not a homogeneous species comprising polyphagous panmictic populations rather it is a complex of genetically distinct lineages with variable host ranges and therefore variable pest potential.(c) 2013 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2013, 109, 165180. C1 [Skoracka, Anna; Szydlo, Wiktoria] Adam Mickiewicz Univ, Inst Environm Biol, Fac Biol, Dept Anim Taxon & Ecol, PL-61614 Poznan, Poland. [Kuczynski, Lechoslaw] Adam Mickiewicz Univ, Inst Environm Biol, Fac Biol, Dept Avian Biol & Ecol, PL-61614 Poznan, Poland. [Rector, Brian] ARS, USDA, Great Basin Rangelands Res Unit, Reno, NV 89512 USA. RP Skoracka, A (reprint author), Adam Mickiewicz Univ, Inst Environm Biol, Fac Biol, Dept Anim Taxon & Ecol, Umultowska 89, PL-61614 Poznan, Poland. EM anna.skoracka@amu.edu.pl RI Kuczynski, Lechoslaw/E-5525-2011; Skoracka, Anna/E-6002-2011; Szydlo, Wiktoria/L-4804-2016 OI Kuczynski, Lechoslaw/0000-0003-3498-5445; Skoracka, Anna/0000-0002-9485-532X; Szydlo, Wiktoria/0000-0001-5990-5611 FU Ministry of Science and Higher Education in Poland [NN 303089434] FX We thank Urszula Baraniak and Anna Labrzycka (AMU, Poland) for their help with the laboratory work, as well as Joanna Deckert and Agata Kolodziejska (Department of Plant Ecophysiology, AMU, Poland) for facilitating the plant room. The study was funded by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education in Poland (grant number NN 303089434). We thank three anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. NR 76 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 5 U2 51 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0024-4066 EI 1095-8312 J9 BIOL J LINN SOC JI Biol. J. Linnean Soc. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 109 IS 1 BP 165 EP 180 DI 10.1111/bij.12024 PG 16 WC Evolutionary Biology SC Evolutionary Biology GA 122YO UT WOS:000317354800013 ER PT J AU Tiao, N Darrington, C Molla, B Saville, WJA Tilahun, G Kwok, OCH Gebreyes, WA Lappin, MR Jones, JL Dubey, JP AF Tiao, N. Darrington, C. Molla, B. Saville, W. J. A. Tilahun, G. Kwok, O. C. H. Gebreyes, W. A. Lappin, M. R. Jones, J. L. Dubey, J. P. TI An investigation into the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii, Bartonella spp., feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), and feline leukaemia virus (FeLV) in cats in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Bartonella; cats; epidemiology; Ethiopia; humans; Toxoplasma gondii ID EPIDEMIOLOGIC OBSERVATIONS; UNITED-STATES; SPECIES DNA; BLOOD; INFECTIONS; DIAGNOSIS; PREVALENCE; ANTIBODIES; BALTIMORE; FLEAS AB Toxoplasma gondii and Bartonella spp. are zoonotic pathogens of cats. Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), and feline leukaemia virus (FeLV) are immunosuppressive viruses of cats that can affect T. gondii oocyst shedding. In this study, the prevalence of antibodies to T. gondii, Bartonella spp., FIV, as well as FeLV antigens were determined in sera from feral cats (Felis catus) from Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Using the modified agglutination test, IgG antibodies to T. gondii were found in 41 (85.4%) of the 48 cats with titres of 1:25 in one, 1:50 in one, 1:200 in six, 1:400 in six, 1:800 in six, 1:1600 in eight, and 1:3200 in 13 cats. Toxoplasma gondii IgM antibodies were found in 11/46 cats tested by ELISA, suggesting recent infection. Antibodies to Bartonella spp. were found in five (11%) of 46 cats tested. Antibodies to FIV or FeLV antigen were not detected in any of the 41 cats tested. The results indicate a high prevalence of T. gondii and a low prevalence of Bartonella spp. infection in cats in Ethiopia. C1 [Tiao, N.; Darrington, C.; Molla, B.; Saville, W. J. A.; Gebreyes, W. A.] Ohio State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Prevent Med, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Tilahun, G.] Univ Addis Ababa, Aklilu Lemma Inst Pathobiol, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [Kwok, O. C. H.; Dubey, J. P.] ARS, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Parasite Biol Epidemiol & Systemat Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Lappin, M. R.] Colorado State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Clin Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Jones, J. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), USDA, APDL, ANRI, BARC, Bldg 1001, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov NR 24 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 21 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 141 IS 5 BP 1029 EP 1033 DI 10.1017/S0950268812001707 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 118YZ UT WOS:000317064800017 PM 22857007 ER PT J AU Hussain, MZ Vanloocke, A Siebers, MH Ruiz-Vera, UM Markelz, RJC Leakey, ADB Ort, DR Bernacchi, CJ AF Hussain, Mir Zaman Vanloocke, Andy Siebers, Matthew H. Ruiz-Vera, Ursula M. Markelz, R. J. Cody Leakey, Andrew D. B. Ort, Donald R. Bernacchi, Carl J. TI Future carbon dioxide concentration decreases canopy evapotranspiration and soil water depletion by field-grown maize SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE elevated [CO2]; maize; evapotranspiration; soil moisture; sensible heat; canopy temperature ID AIR CO2 ENRICHMENT; DOUBLED ATMOSPHERIC CO2; ELEVATED CO2; ENERGY-BALANCE; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; USE EFFICIENCY; WINTER-WHEAT; CROP PLANTS; LEAF-AREA; PHOTOSYNTHESIS AB Maize, in rotation with soybean, forms the largest continuous ecosystem in temperate North America, therefore changes to the biosphere-atmosphere exchange of water vapor and energy of these crops are likely to have an impact on the Midwestern US climate and hydrological cycle. As a C4 crop, maize photosynthesis is already CO2-saturated at current CO2 concentrations ([CO2]) and the primary response of maize to elevated [CO2] is decreased stomatal conductance (gs). If maize photosynthesis is not stimulated in elevated [CO2], then reduced gs is not offset by greater canopy leaf area, which could potentially result in a greater ET reduction relative to that previously reported in soybean, a C3 species. The objective of this study is to quantify the impact of elevated [CO2] on canopy energy and water fluxes of maize (Zea mays). Maize was grown under ambient and elevated [CO2] (550molmol1 during 2004 and 2006 and 585molmol1 during 2010) using Free Air Concentration Enrichment (FACE) technology at the SoyFACE facility in Urbana, Illinois. Maize ET was determined using a residual energy balance approach based on measurements of sensible (H) and soil heat fluxes, and net radiation. Relative to control, elevated [CO2] decreased maize ET (711%; P<0.01) along with lesser soil moisture depletion, while H increased (2530Wm2; P<0.01) along with higher canopy temperature (0.50.6 degrees C). This reduction in maize ET in elevated [CO2] is approximately half that previously reported for soybean. A partitioning analysis showed that transpiration contributed less to total ET for maize compared to soybean, indicating a smaller role of stomata in dictating the ET response to elevated [CO2]. Nonetheless, both maize and soybean had significantly decreased ET and increased H, highlighting the critical role of elevated [CO2] in altering future hydrology and climate of the region that is extensively cropped with these species. C1 [Hussain, Mir Zaman; Vanloocke, Andy; Siebers, Matthew H.; Ruiz-Vera, Ursula M.; Markelz, R. J. Cody; Leakey, Andrew D. B.; Ort, Donald R.; Bernacchi, Carl J.] Univ Illinois, Inst Genom Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Vanloocke, Andy] Univ Illinois, Dept Atmospher Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Siebers, Matthew H.; Ruiz-Vera, Ursula M.; Markelz, R. J. Cody; Leakey, Andrew D. B.; Ort, Donald R.; Bernacchi, Carl J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Ort, Donald R.; Bernacchi, Carl J.] ARS, Global Change & Photosynth Res Unit, USDA, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Bernacchi, CJ (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Inst Genom Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM bernacch@illinois.edu RI hussain, mir zaman/F-1278-2013; Leakey, Andrew/Q-9889-2016; OI Leakey, Andrew/0000-0001-6251-024X; Bernacchi, Carl/0000-0002-2397-425X; Ruiz Vera, Ursula/0000-0003-1890-967X NR 63 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 11 U2 131 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1354-1013 EI 1365-2486 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 19 IS 5 BP 1572 EP 1584 DI 10.1111/gcb.12155 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 121ZN UT WOS:000317284700021 PM 23505040 ER PT J AU Story, BT Urynowicz, MA Vance, GF AF Story, Brian T. Urynowicz, Michael A. Vance, George F. TI Field Demonstration of Polyacrylamide in an Unlined Irrigation Canal SO JOURNAL OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article DE Polyacrylamide; Irrigation; Canals; Seepage ID FURROW EROSION; WATER; INFILTRATION; DEGRADATION; VISCOSITY; POLYMERS AB Although polyacrylamide (PAM) use for reducing soil erosion and increasing water retention is common in agriculture, research suggests PAM application may also be effective in reducing seepage in unlined irrigation canals. A polymer application test was conducted on a 457-m-long section of the Bordeaux lateral canal near Wheatland, Wyoming. Flow rating curves were developed by combining discharge and water level data, and the curves were used to convert real-time water level data into real-time discharge data. Falling head permeameters (FHP) provided a spatial method of quantifying seepage. Real-time stage discharge data showed a mean pretreatment flow loss over the entire test reach of 25.5-26.6 L/s, whereas the mean posttreatment loss was 30.9-31.2 L/s (alpha = 0.05), which corresponds to a 21% increase in seepage. The FHP tests also showed an increase in seepage as a result of PAM treatment. On the basis of the results of this study, it appears that PAM and suspended sediment concentrations were too low during the test to cause significant seepage reduction. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0000533. (C) 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers. C1 [Story, Brian T.] US Forest Serv, Lolo Natl Forest, Missoula, MT 59804 USA. [Urynowicz, Michael A.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Civil & Architectural Engn, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Vance, George F.] Univ Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. RP Urynowicz, MA (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Civil & Architectural Engn, 1000 E Univ Ave, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. EM bstory@fs.fed.us; murynowi@uwyo.edu; gfv@uwyo.edu NR 21 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 10 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9437 J9 J IRRIG DRAIN E-ASCE JI J. Irrig. Drainage Eng-ASCE PD MAY PY 2013 VL 139 IS 5 BP 399 EP 404 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0000533 PG 6 WC Agricultural Engineering; Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Engineering; Water Resources GA 123WE UT WOS:000317421400007 ER PT J AU Yu, DH Ware, C Waterland, RA Zhang, JX Chen, MH Gadkari, M Kunde-Ramamoorthy, G Nosavanh, LM Shen, LL AF Yu, Da-Hai Ware, Carol Waterland, Robert A. Zhang, Jiexin Chen, Miao-Hsueh Gadkari, Manasi Kunde-Ramamoorthy, Govindarajan Nosavanh, Lagina M. Shen, Lanlan TI Developmentally Programmed 3 ' CpG Island Methylation Confers Tissue- and Cell-Type-Specific Transcriptional Activation SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EMBRYONIC STEM-CELLS; PROMOTER DNA METHYLATION; TUMOR-SUPPRESSOR GENE; HUMAN GENOME; MAMMALIAN DEVELOPMENT; CHROMATIN-STRUCTURE; MICE DEFICIENT; COLON-CANCER; SITES; EXPRESSION AB During development, a small but significant number of CpG islands (CGIs) become methylated. The timing of developmentally programmed CGI methylation and associated mechanisms of transcriptional regulation during cellular differentiation, however, remain poorly characterized. Here, we used genome-wide DNA methylation microarrays to identify epigenetic changes during human embryonic stem cell (hESC) differentiation. We discovered a group of CGIs associated with developmental genes that gain methylation after hESCs differentiate. Conversely, erasure of methylation was observed at the identified CGIs during subsequent reprogramming to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), further supporting a functional role for the CGI methylation. Both global gene expression profiling and quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) validation indicated opposing effects of CGI methylation in transcriptional regulation during differentiation, with promoter CGI methylation repressing and 3' CGI methylation activating transcription. By studying diverse human tissues and mouse models, we further confirmed that developmentally programmed 3' CGI methylation confers tissue- and cell-type-specific gene activation in vivo. Importantly, luciferase reporter assays provided evidence that 3' CGI methylation regulates transcriptional activation via a CTCF-dependent enhancer-blocking mechanism. These findings expand the classic view of mammalian CGI methylation as a mechanism for transcriptional silencing and indicate a functional role for 3' CGI methylation in developmental gene regulation. C1 [Yu, Da-Hai; Waterland, Robert A.; Chen, Miao-Hsueh; Gadkari, Manasi; Kunde-Ramamoorthy, Govindarajan; Nosavanh, Lagina M.; Shen, Lanlan] ARS, Dept Pediat, Baylor Coll Med, USDA,Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX USA. [Ware, Carol] Univ Washington, Inst Stem Cell & Regenerat Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Waterland, Robert A.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol & Human Genet, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Zhang, Jiexin] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Bioinformat & Computat Biol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Shen, LL (reprint author), ARS, Dept Pediat, Baylor Coll Med, USDA,Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX USA. EM Lanlan.Shen@bcm.edu FU Sidney Kimmel Foundation; USDA [CRIS 6250-5100-050]; NIGMS [P01GM081619-01]; NIDDK [1R01DK081557]; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine FX This work was supported by grants from the Sidney Kimmel Foundation to L.S., the USDA (CRIS 6250-5100-050) to L.S. and R.A.W., the NIGMS (P01GM081619-01) to C.W., and the NIDDK (1R01DK081557) to R.A.W. and L.S. and by private funding from the Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine to C.W. NR 81 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 19 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0270-7306 J9 MOL CELL BIOL JI Mol. Cell. Biol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 33 IS 9 BP 1845 EP 1858 DI 10.1128/MCB.01124-12 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 121VS UT WOS:000317273300014 PM 23459939 ER PT J AU Zielinski, WJ Schlexer, FV George, TL Pilgrim, KL Schwartz, MK AF Zielinski, William J. Schlexer, Fredrick V. George, T. Luke Pilgrim, Kristine L. Schwartz, Michael K. TI Estimating Abundance and Survival in the Endangered Point Arena Mountain Beaver Using Noninvasive Genetic Methods SO NORTHWEST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Point Arena mountain beaver; Aplodontia rufa nigra; California; abundance; demography; survival ID APLODONTIA-RUFA-NIGRA; HAIRY-NOSED WOMBATS; GENOTYPING ERRORS; MARKED ANIMALS; POPULATION; SAMPLES; MANAGEMENT; PROGRAM; LOCI AB The Point Arena mountain beaver (Aplodontia rufa nigra) is federally listed as an endangered subspecies that is restricted to a small geographic range in coastal Mendocino County, California. Management of this imperiled taxon requires accurate information on its demography and vital rates. We developed noninvasive survey methods, using hair snares to sample DNA and to estimate abundance and survival at two sites, Kinney Beach and Alder Creek, within Manchester State Park. We extracted DNA and genotyped 371 hair samples resulting in the identification of a total of 54 individuals during annual sampling from 2006-2009. Estimated population numbers were small, ranging from 9-18 individuals at Kinney Beach and 14-18 individuals at Alder Creek. Neither location demonstrated a trend in abundance over the 4-year sample period. There was weak support (evidence ratio 2.15) for higher apparent survival probabilities at Alder Creek (0.75) than Kinney Beach (0.59) and no support for time or site effects on recruitment. Recruitment ranged from 0.25 to 0.46 and was highest during the same interval (2007-2008) at both locations. The time series of estimates from 2006-2009 does not suggest that abundance at either study site is declining; while reassuring, concern still remains due to low total numbers at this, one of the few protected sites for this endangered subspecies. C1 [Zielinski, William J.; Schlexer, Fredrick V.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [George, T. Luke] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Wildlife, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Pilgrim, Kristine L.; Schwartz, Michael K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. RP Zielinski, WJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. EM bzielinski@fs.fed.us RI Schwartz, Michael/C-3184-2014 OI Schwartz, Michael/0000-0003-3521-3367 FU Arcata office of the US Fish and Wildlife Service; Pacific Southwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service; California Department of Fish and Game FX We gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Arcata office of the US Fish and Wildlife Service, their permits for conducting this work, and the assistance of Robin Hamlin and John Hunter. The Pacific Southwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service, also contributed financial support for this study and the California Department of Fish and Game provided support and permits. Renee Pasquinelli (California Department of Parks and Recreation) provided administrative support. We acknowledge the dedicated field assistance of Angela Liebenberg (California Department of Parks and Recreation), Robert Douglas (Mendocino Redwood Company), Nina A. Nahvi, and Skylar C. Giordano. Kaytee Redfern helped sort hairs in the laboratory and Janet Werren assisted with development of the figures. Live trapping was supported by the loan of traps from Wendy Arjo of the Olympia Field Station, USDA, APHIS. We thank John Hunter for editorial comments on an earlier version of this report and the editors and two anonymous reviewers and the editor for their comments that improved the paper. NR 51 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 47 PU NORTHWEST SCIENTIFIC ASSOC PI SEATTLE PA JEFFREY DUDA, USGS, WESTERN FISHERIES RES CTR, 6505 NE 65 ST, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA SN 0029-344X J9 NORTHWEST SCI JI Northwest Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 87 IS 2 BP 126 EP 139 DI 10.3955/046.087.0205 PG 14 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 119RD UT WOS:000317114200005 ER PT J AU Johnson, AC Yeakley, JA AF Johnson, Adelaide C. Yeakley, J. Alan TI Wood Microsites at Timberline-Alpine Meadow Borders: Implications for Conifer Seedling Regeneration and Alpine Meadow Conifer Invasion SO NORTHWEST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE regeneration; alpine meadow invasion; disturbance; wood microsites; seedlings ID WESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; CENTRAL BRITISH-COLUMBIA; BAVARIAN LIMESTONE ALPS; RAINIER-NATIONAL-PARK; DOUGLAS-FIR FORESTS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; ABIES-LASIOCARPA; TREE-LINE; SPECIES COMPOSITION AB The importance of climate warming on forests is recognized worldwide and has increased attention on the significance of both timberline advance and alpine meadow invasion by forests. Successful seedling regeneration in alpine meadows depends on availability of suitable substrates, or microsites, for seedling establishment. We sought to determine whether wood microsites (i.e., nurse logs), which are regeneration sites in Pacific Northwest subalpine forests, promoted regeneration at timberline-alpine meadow borders. To determine the ecological role of wood microsites, we examined mechanisms forming wood microsites; compared density, survival, and percent nitrogen content of seedlings growing on wood microsites to adjacent soil substrates; and compared substrate moisture, temperature, and percent nitrogen content. Wood microsites, at 13 of 14 randomly selected sites, were characterized by highly decayed downed wood (> 75% decay class five) originating from tree fall (66%), snow avalanches (17%), forest fires (15%), and by human cutting (2%). Although no differences in percent nitrogen content were detected, greater seedling densities, greater seedling survival, higher temperatures, and higher moisture contents were found on wood microsites compared to adjacent soil. We suggest that greater seedling density and seedling survival on wood microsites was associated with factors including heightened moisture and increased temperature. Assuming sustained downed wood input from timberline trees and continued viable seed input, we expect wood microsites will facilitate accelerated alpine meadow conifer invasion via wood microsites associated with climate warming. C1 [Johnson, Adelaide C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Juneau, AK 99801 USA. [Yeakley, J. Alan] Portland State Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Management, Portland, OR 97207 USA. RP Johnson, AC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, 11305 Glacier Hwy, Juneau, AK 99801 USA. EM ajohnson03@fs.fed.us NR 117 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 32 PU NORTHWEST SCIENTIFIC ASSOC PI SEATTLE PA JEFFREY DUDA, USGS, WESTERN FISHERIES RES CTR, 6505 NE 65 ST, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA SN 0029-344X J9 NORTHWEST SCI JI Northwest Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 87 IS 2 BP 140 EP 160 DI 10.3955/046.087.0206 PG 21 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 119RD UT WOS:000317114200006 ER PT J AU Wong, DWS Chan, VJ McCormack, AA AF Wong, Dominic W. S. Chan, Victor J. McCormack, Amanda A. TI Comparative Characterization of a Bifunctional endo-1,4-beta-Mannanase/1,3-1,4-beta-glucanase and its Individual Domains SO PROTEIN AND PEPTIDE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE beta-glucanase; 1,3-1,4-beta-glucanase; beta-mannanase; endo-beta-mannanase; metagenomic library; bifunctional enzyme ID CLONING; RECOGNITION; HYDROLYSIS; MECHANISMS; EXPRESSION; METAGENOME; ESTERASE; ENZYMES; GENE AB A fusion gene isolated from a microbial metagenome encodes a N-terminal endo-1,4-beta-mannanase and a C-terminal 1,3-1,4-beta-glucanase,. The full-length gene and the individual N- and C-domains were separately cloned and expressed in E coli. The purified whole enzyme hydrolyzed glucomannan, galactomannan, and beta-glucan with K-m and k(cat) values 2.2, 2.6, 3.6 mg/ml, and 302, 130, 337 min(-1), respectively. The hydrolysis of beta-glucan by the C domain enzyme decreased significantly with added glucomannan to the reaction, suggesting inhibition effect. Analogous result was not observed with the N domain enzyme when beta-glucan was added to the reaction. The whole enzyme did not show improvement of efficiency compared to the individual or additive total hydrolysis of the two domain enzymes using single or mixed substrates. C1 [Wong, Dominic W. S.; Chan, Victor J.; McCormack, Amanda A.] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA USA. RP Wong, DWS (reprint author), ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA USA. EM Dominic.Wong@ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 16 PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD PI SHARJAH PA EXECUTIVE STE Y-2, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB EMIRATES SN 0929-8665 EI 1875-5305 J9 PROTEIN PEPTIDE LETT JI Protein Pept. Lett. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 20 IS 5 BP 517 EP 523 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 116DJ UT WOS:000316862500004 PM 23278138 ER PT J AU Khullar, E Kent, AD Leathers, TD Bischoff, KM Rausch, KD Tumbleson, ME Singh, V AF Khullar, Esha Kent, Angela D. Leathers, Timothy D. Bischoff, Kenneth M. Rausch, Kent D. Tumbleson, M. E. Singh, Vijay TI Contamination issues in a continuous ethanol production corn wet milling facility SO WORLD JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Contamination; Wet milling; Ethanol ID COMMUNITY COMPOSITION; VARIABILITY; LAKE; FERMENTATION AB Low ethanol yields and poor yeast viability were investigated at a continuous ethanol production corn wet milling facility. Using starch slurries and recycle streams from a commercial ethanol facility, laboratory hydrolysates were prepared by reproducing starch liquefaction and saccharification steps in the laboratory. Fermentations with hydrolysates prepared in the laboratory were compared with plant hydrolysates for final ethanol concentrations and total yeast counts. Fermentation controls were prepared using hydrolysates (plant and laboratory) that were not inoculated with yeast. Hydrolysates prepared in the laboratory resulted in higher final ethanol concentrations (15.8 % v/v) than plant hydrolysate (13.4 % v/v). Uninoculated controls resulted in ethanol production from both laboratory (12.2 % v/v) and plant hydrolysates (13.7 % v/v), indicating the presence of a contaminating microorganism. Yeast colony counts on cycloheximide and virginiamycin plates confirmed the presence of a contaminant. DNA sequencing and fingerprinting studies also indicated a number of dissimilar communities in samples obtained from fermentors, coolers, saccharification tanks, and thin stillage. C1 [Khullar, Esha; Rausch, Kent D.; Tumbleson, M. E.; Singh, Vijay] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Kent, Angela D.] Univ Illinois, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Leathers, Timothy D.; Bischoff, Kenneth M.] ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Singh, V (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM vsingh@illinois.edu OI Kent, Angela/0000-0003-1837-2382 NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 27 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0959-3993 J9 WORLD J MICROB BIOT JI World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 29 IS 5 BP 891 EP 898 DI 10.1007/s11274-012-1244-6 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 120MK UT WOS:000317174200014 PM 23266886 ER PT J AU Manitchotpisit, P Bischoff, KM Price, NPJ Leathers, TD AF Manitchotpisit, Pennapa Bischoff, Kenneth M. Price, Neil P. J. Leathers, Timothy D. TI Bacillus spp. Produce Antibacterial Activities Against Lactic Acid Bacteria that Contaminate Fuel Ethanol Plants SO CURRENT MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-CHARACTERIZATION; CEREUS; SUBTILIS; FERMENTATIONS; LIPOPEPTIDES; PURIFICATION; ANTIBIOTICS AB Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) frequently contaminate commercial fuel ethanol fermentations, reducing yields and decreasing profitability of biofuel production. Microorganisms from environmental sources in different geographic regions of Thailand were tested for antibacterial activity against LAB. Four bacterial strains, designated as ALT3A, ALT3B, ALT17, and MR1, produced inhibitory effects on growth of LAB. Sequencing of rRNA identified these strains as species of Bacillus subtilis (ALT3A and ALT3B) and B. cereus (ALT17 and MR1). Cell mass from colonies and agar samples from inhibition zones were analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. The spectra of ALT3A and ALT3B showed a strong signal at m/z 1,060, similar in mass to the surfactin family of antimicrobial lipopeptides. ALT3A and ALT3B were analyzed by zymogram analysis using SDS-PAGE gels placed on agar plates inoculated with LAB. Cell lysates possessed an inhibitory protein of less than 10 kDa, consistent with the production of an antibacterial lipopeptide. Mass spectra of ALT17 and MR1 had notable signals at m/z 908 and 930 in the whole cell extracts and at m/z 687 in agar, but these masses do not correlate with those of previously reported antibacterial lipopeptides, and no antibacterial activity was detected by zymogram. The antibacterial activities produced by these strains may have application in the fuel ethanol industry as an alternative to antibiotics for prevention and control of bacterial contamination. C1 [Manitchotpisit, Pennapa] Rangsit Univ, Dept Med Sci, Fac Sci, Biochem Unit, Pathum Thani 12000, Thailand. [Bischoff, Kenneth M.; Price, Neil P. J.; Leathers, Timothy D.] ARS, Renewable Prod Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Bischoff, KM (reprint author), ARS, Renewable Prod Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM kenneth.bischoff@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 40 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0343-8651 J9 CURR MICROBIOL JI Curr. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 66 IS 5 BP 443 EP 449 DI 10.1007/s00284-012-0291-4 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 119EI UT WOS:000317080100004 PM 23296912 ER PT J AU Smith, A Bhagwat, AA AF Smith, Allen Bhagwat, Arvind A. TI Hypervirulent-Host-Associated Citrobacter rodentium Cells Have Poor Acid Tolerance SO CURRENT MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VIRULENCE; RESISTANCE; PATHOGENS; MICE AB Enhanced virulence or infectivity after passage through a mammalian host has been reported for a number of enteric food-borne pathogens. Citrobacter rodentium is a mouse pathogen that mimics many aspects of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli infection of humans and serves as a useful model for studying virulence mechanisms. Emergence of a hyperinfectious state after passage through mouse gastrointestinal tract was reported for C. rodentium. We wanted to investigate if increased acid tolerance could explain hypervirulence status of C. rodentium. Although we were able to observe hyperinfectious state of C. rodentium upon host passage, the cells were extremely acid sensitive. Growth under mildly acidic conditions (LB-MES, pH 5.5) induced acid tolerance of C. rodentium, but did not improve the organism's ability to establish infection. Growth under anaerobic environment on fecal components also did not induce hyperinfectious state. Thus, contrary to conventional anticipation, hypervirulent C. rodentium cells were found to be acid sensitive thereby revealing limitations of the role of mouse gastric acidity by itself in elucidating the hypervirulent phenotype. C1 [Smith, Allen] ARS, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Bhagwat, Arvind A.] ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA,BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Bhagwat, AA (reprint author), ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA,BARC E, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM arvind.bhagwat@ars.usda.gov RI sebastianovitsch, stepan/G-8507-2013 NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0343-8651 J9 CURR MICROBIOL JI Curr. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 66 IS 5 BP 522 EP 526 DI 10.1007/s00284-012-0298-x PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 119EI UT WOS:000317080100016 PM 23328901 ER PT J AU Allison, JD McKenney, JL Miller, DR Gimmel, ML AF Allison, Jeremy D. McKenney, Jessica L. Miller, Daniel R. Gimmel, Matthew L. TI Kairomonal Responses of Natural Enemies and Associates of the Southern Ips (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) to Ipsdienol, Ipsenol and Cis-Verbenol SO JOURNAL OF INSECT BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE Ipsenol; ipsdienol; cis-verbenol; kairomone; bark beetle natural enemies; bark beetle associates ID BARK BEETLE PHEROMONES; INTERSPECIFIC BEHAVIORAL CHEMICALS; SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; PINE-BEETLE; COMMUNICATION-SYSTEMS; ATTRACTANT KAIROMONE; THANASIMUS-DUBIUS; MEXICO COLEOPTERA; ENGRAVER BEETLE; TROPHIC LEVELS AB Bark beetle infested pines are an ephemeral habitat utilized by a diverse assemblage of insects. Although many bark beetle insect associates have little or no measurable impact on bark beetle brood production, some reduce brood production by either competing with brood for the limited phloem tissue or by feeding on brood. Several studies have observed synchrony between the colonization of hosts by bark beetles and the arrival of insect associates. Some insect associates mediate synchrony with bark beetle mass attacks with kairomonal responses to bark beetle aggregation pheromones. The objectives of this study were to document the community of Coleoptera associated with the southern Ips (Ips avulsus, Ips calligraphus and Ips grandicollis) and to test the hypothesis that synchrony of insect associates with the southern Ips is mediated by kairomonal responses to aggregation pheromones. A large community of Coleoptera (109 species) was recorded from traps baited with southern Ips pheromones. A significant treatment effect was observed for the guilds of meristem feeders, natural enemies and woodborers. The southern Ips pheromone ipsenol was broadly attractive to meristem feeders, natural enemies and woodborers and in general blends were more attractive than individual compounds. These results demonstrate that a diverse community of Coleoptera is associated with the southern Ips and that several members of this community facilitate synchrony with kairomonal responses to southern Ips aggregation pheromones. C1 [Allison, Jeremy D.; McKenney, Jessica L.; Gimmel, Matthew L.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ctr Agr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Miller, Daniel R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Allison, JD (reprint author), Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, Great Lakes Forestry Ctr, 1219 Queen St East, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada. EM Jeremy.Allison@NRCan.gc.ca RI Gimmel, Matthew/F-3389-2013 NR 62 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 21 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0892-7553 EI 1572-8889 J9 J INSECT BEHAV JI J. Insect Behav. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 26 IS 3 BP 321 EP 335 DI 10.1007/s10905-012-9349-1 PG 15 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 117RZ UT WOS:000316972100004 ER PT J AU Diaz-Montano, J Trumble, JT AF Diaz-Montano, John Trumble, John T. TI Behavioral Responses of the Potato Psyllid (Hemiptera: Triozidae) to Volatiles from Dimethyl Disulfide and Plant Essential Oils SO JOURNAL OF INSECT BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE Bactericera Cockerelli; behavior; olfactometer; repellents ID BACTERICERA-COCKERELLI HOMOPTERA; DIAPHORINA-CITRI KUWAYAMA; WESTERN FLOWER THRIPS; GUAVA LEAF VOLATILES; ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES; NEW-ZEALAND; ZEBRA CHIP; INSECTICIDES; APICALIS; TOMATO AB The behavioral responses of the potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli (Sulc) to dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) and to 12 plant essential oils were examined in a glass Y-tube olfactometer. DMDS at doses of 0.5, 1, 2 and 5 g showed a significant repellent effect on the psyllids. Cedar wood, lime, savory, thyme and tea tree oils significantly repelled adults over a wide range of doses tested (1, 10, 100, 500, 1,000 and 2,000 mu l). The oils of clove and peppermint also had a significant repellent effect on adults at all doses except at the lowest dose (1 mu l). The residual effect of 1 g of DMDS persisted for 10 consecutive days whereas five oils (thyme, tea tree, peppermint, savory and clove) remained repellent for the 20-day longevity residual trial. C1 [Diaz-Montano, John; Trumble, John T.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. RP Diaz-Montano, J (reprint author), ARS, Stored Prod Insect Res Unit, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, 1515 Coll Av, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM john.diaz-montano@ars.usda.gov FU USDA SCRI grant [2009-34381-20036]; USDA RAMP grant [2009-51101-05892]; California Potato Board FX We thank Greg Kund, Beatriz Gonzalez, Bill Carson, Steve McElfresh, Deborah De La Riva, Kristen Hladun, Christina Mogren, Nichole Drew, Sammuel Gilbert, Khoa Tran (Chris), Kristine Gilbert and Lindsay Johnson for helping in different aspects of this study. Agenor Mafra-Neto and Lyndsie Stoltman (ISCA Technologies, Riverside, CA). This research was partially funded by a USDA SCRI grant (2009-34381-20036), a USDA RAMP grant (2009-51101-05892) and the California Potato Board. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture or the University of California-Riverside. NR 39 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 48 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0892-7553 J9 J INSECT BEHAV JI J. Insect Behav. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 26 IS 3 BP 336 EP 351 DI 10.1007/s10905-012-9350-8 PG 16 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 117RZ UT WOS:000316972100005 ER PT J AU Duarte, MS Gionbelli, MP Paulino, PVR Serao, NVL Silva, LHP Mezzomo, R Dodson, MV Du, M Busboom, JR Guimaraes, SEF Valadares, SC AF Duarte, M. S. Gionbelli, M. P. Paulino, P. V. R. Serao, N. V. L. Silva, L. H. P. Mezzomo, R. Dodson, M. V. Du, M. Busboom, J. R. Guimaraes, S. E. F. Valadares Filho, S. C. TI Effects of pregnancy and feeding level on carcass and meat quality traits of Nellore cows SO MEAT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Ad libitum feeding; Beef; Gestation; Maintenance; R-value; Sarcomere length ID DEDIFFERENTIATED FAT-CELLS; MYOFIBRIL FRAGMENTATION; POSTMORTEM STORAGE; SARCOMERE-LENGTH; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; BOVINE MUSCLE; BEEF; PERFORMANCE; MECHANISMS AB Carcass and meat quality traits of 16 pregnant and 5 non-pregnant cows fed at 1.2 times maintenance and 16 pregnant and 6 non-pregnant fed ad libitum were evaluated. Pregnancy did not affect final body weight (FBW; P = 0.0923), cold carcass yield (CCY; P = 0.0513), longissimus muscle area (LMA; P = 0.8260), rib fat thickness (RFT; P = 0.1873) and shear force (WBSF; P = 0.9707). A lower FBW (P = 0.0028), LMA (P = 0.0048) and RFT (P = 0.0001) were observed in feed restricted cows. However, no differences were found for CCY (P = 0.7243) and WBSF (P = 0.0759) among feeding level groups. These data suggests that carcass and meat quality traits are not affected by pregnancy status in Nellore cows. Moreover, although cows experiencing feed restriction did have reduced deposition of subcutaneous fat and lean tissue, there were no major impacts on meat quality traits. (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Duarte, M. S.; Gionbelli, M. P.; Paulino, P. V. R.; Silva, L. H. P.; Mezzomo, R.; Guimaraes, S. E. F.; Valadares Filho, S. C.] Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Anim Sci, BR-36570000 Vicosa, MG, Brazil. [Gionbelli, M. P.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Serao, N. V. L.] Univ Illinois, Dept Anim Sci, Urbana, IL USA. [Dodson, M. V.; Du, M.; Busboom, J. R.] Washington State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Duarte, MS (reprint author), Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Anim Sci, BR-36570000 Vicosa, MG, Brazil. EM marcio_dsouza@hotmail.com RI Du, Min/H-4311-2011; Duarte, Marcio/G-3815-2015; OI Du, Min/0000-0002-7232-072X; Duarte, Marcio/0000-0002-5795-6420; Pies Gionbelli, Mateus/0000-0002-5168-4794 FU FAPEMIG; CNPq; INCT Ciencia Animal; CAPES FX We thank the FAPEMIG, CNPq, INCT Ciencia Animal for the financial support and CAPES for the international scholarship. NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0309-1740 J9 MEAT SCI JI Meat Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 94 IS 1 BP 139 EP 144 DI 10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.01.008 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 110EV UT WOS:000316426300020 PM 23416625 ER PT J AU Chung, SO Sudduth, KA Motavalli, PP Kitchen, NR AF Chung, S. O. Sudduth, K. A. Motavalli, P. P. Kitchen, N. R. TI Relating mobile sensor soil strength to penetrometer cone index SO SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Precision agriculture; Sensor; Soil strength; Soil failure; Cone penetrometer ID ON-THE-GO; MECHANICAL IMPEDANCE; PROFILE SENSOR; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; RESISTANCE; DEPTH AB A horizontally operating on-the-go soil strength profile sensor (SSPS) was previously developed so that the within-field spatial variability in soil strength could be measured at five evenly spaced depths down to 50 cm. Force divided by the base area of the sensing tip of the SSPS was defined as a prismatic soil strength index (PSSI, MPa), similar to the cone index (CI, MPa) of a vertically operating cone penetrometer. This study was conducted to establish theoretical and empirical relationships between PSSI and CI data to aid interpretation of PSSI data with respect to the many previous CI studies. Comparison of mathematical soil failure models for the SSPS and a conventional cone penetrometer, along with a sensitivity analysis of model parameters documented patterns of CI and PSSI in different soil and operating conditions. Patterns for both the soil strength indices were: (1) linear as a function of unit weight of soil, cohesion, adhesion, and operating depth, (2) exponential as a function of internal friction and soil-tool friction angles, and (3) quadratic as a function of operating speed. When a single model parameter was varied, the simulated CI and PSSI data showed highly significant linear relationships. Field data showed that, in general, both CI and PSSI were greater with higher bulk density, lower apparent soil electrical conductivity (ECa, where lower values indicate coarser texture), and lower gravimetric soil water content. Relationships between soil strength indices and the other measured soil variables were different when the data were divided into sub-groups by operating depth and ECa range. In models estimating CI, the effects of PSSI and its interaction with other variables were relatively clear at 30- and 40-cm depths. CI prediction models with the highest coefficients of determination were also found at these depths. Across entire fields, including operating depth in the regression model decreased RMSE values slightly from 0.35 to 0.32 MPa and from 0.53 to 0.51 MPa for the two test sites. These results would be useful to understand different approaches to soil strength measurement and to relate data obtained with the SSPS to the extensive research literature where CI has been used to quantify soil strength and manage the soil for better plant growth. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Chung, S. O.] Chungnam Natl Univ, Dept Biosyst Machinery Engn, Taejon 305764, South Korea. [Sudduth, K. A.; Kitchen, N. R.] ARS, USDA, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, Columbia, MO USA. [Motavalli, P. P.] Univ Missouri, Dept Soil Environm & Atmospher Sci, Columbia, MO USA. RP Chung, SO (reprint author), Chungnam Natl Univ, Dept Biosyst Machinery Engn, Taejon 305764, South Korea. EM sochung@cnu.ac.kr FU North Central Soybean Research Program; United Soybean Board FX This research was supported in part by the North Central Soybean Research Program and the United Soybean Board. The authors appreciate the contributions of Dr. Pedro Andrade-Sanchez, Assistant Professor, Agricultural & Biosystems Engineering, University of Arizona, in soil sampling and field data collection. NR 30 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-1987 J9 SOIL TILL RES JI Soil Tillage Res. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 129 BP 9 EP 18 DI 10.1016/j.still.2012.12.004 PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 117UH UT WOS:000316978100002 ER PT J AU Moore-Neibel, K Gerber, C Patel, J Friedman, M Jaroni, D Ravishankar, S AF Moore-Neibel, Katherine Gerber, Colin Patel, Jitendra Friedman, Mendel Jaroni, Divya Ravishankar, Sadhana TI Antimicrobial activity of oregano oil against antibiotic-resistant Salmonella enterica on organic leafy greens at varying exposure times and storage temperatures SO FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Salmonella; Antimicrobials; Oregano oil; Organic leafy greens; Food safety ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; PLANT ESSENTIAL OILS; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; CAMPYLOBACTER-JEJUNI; BACILLUS-CEREUS; UNITED-STATES; CARVACROL; OYSTERS; TYPHIMURIUM; COMPONENTS AB The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of oregano oil on four organic leafy greens (Iceberg and Romaine lettuces and mature and baby spinaches) inoculated with Salmonella Newport as a function of treatment exposure times as well as storage temperatures. Leaf samples were washed, dip inoculated with S. Newport (6-log CFU/ml) and dried. Oregano oil was prepared at 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5% concentrations in sterile phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Inoculated leaves were immersed in the treatment solution for 1 or 2 min, and individually incubated at 4 or 8 C. Samples were taken at day 0, 1, and 3 for enumeration of survivors. The results showed that oregano oil was effective against S. Newport at all concentrations. S. Newport showed reductions from the PBS control of 0.7-4.8 log CFU/g (Romaine lettuce), 0.8-4.8 log CFU/g (Iceberg lettuce), 0.8-4.9 log CFU/g (mature spinach), and 0.5-4.7 log CFU/g (baby spinach), respectively. The antibacterial activity also increased with exposure time. Leaf samples treated for 2 min generally showed greater reductions (by 1.4-3.2 log CFU/g), than those samples treated for 1 min; however, there was minimal difference in antimicrobial activity among samples stored under refrigeration and abuse temperatures. This study demonstrates the potential of oregano oil to inactivate S. Newport on organic leafy greens. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Moore-Neibel, Katherine; Gerber, Colin; Ravishankar, Sadhana] Univ Arizona, Dept Vet Sci & Microbiol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Patel, Jitendra] USDA ARS, BARC East, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Friedman, Mendel] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Jaroni, Divya] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. RP Ravishankar, S (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Vet Sci & Microbiol, 1117 E Lowell St,Rm 218, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM sadhravi@email.arizona.edu OI Friedman, Mendel/0000-0003-2582-7517 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture-National Institute of Food and Agriculture-Organic Research and Extension Initiative Competitive [2010-51300-21760] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture-National Institute of Food and Agriculture-Organic Research and Extension Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2010-51300-21760. NR 26 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 63 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0740-0020 J9 FOOD MICROBIOL JI Food Microbiol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 34 IS 1 BP 123 EP 129 DI 10.1016/j.fm.2012.12.001 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA 111NO UT WOS:000316528200018 PM 23498188 ER PT J AU Fang, T Liu, YH Huang, LH AF Fang, Ting Liu, Yanhong Huang, Lihan TI Growth kinetics of Listeria monocytogenes and spoilage microorganisms in fresh-cut cantaloupe SO FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Growth kinetics; Listeria monocytogenes; Spoilage microorganism; Cantaloupe ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; MICROBIAL-GROWTH; SENSORY QUALITY; SALMONELLA; SURFACE; CONTAMINATION; TEMPERATURE; MODEL; BACTERIA; EFFICACY AB The main objective of this study was to investigate the growth kinetics of Listeria monocytogenes and background microorganisms in fresh-cut cantaloupe. Fresh-cut cantaloupe samples, inoculated with three main serotypes (1/2a, 1/2b, and 4b) of L. monocytogenes, were incubated at different temperatures, ranging from 4 to 43 degrees C, to develop kinetic growth models. During storage studies, the population of both background microorganisms and L monocytogenes began to increase almost immediately, with little or no lag phase for most growth curves. All growth curves, except for two growth curves of L monocytogenes 1/2a at 4 degrees C, developed to full curves (containing exponential and stationary phases), and can be described by a 3-parameter logistic model. There was no significant difference (P = 0.28) in the growth behaviors and the specific growth rates of three different serotypes of L monogtogenes inoculated to fresh-cut cantaloupe. The effect of temperature on the growth of L monocytogenes and spoilage microorganisms was evaluated using three secondary models. For L. monocytogenes, the minimum and maximum growth temperatures were estimated by both the Ratkowsky square-root and Cardinal parameter models, and the optimum temperature and the optimum specific growth rate by the Cardinal parameter model. An Arrhenius-type model provided more accurate estimation of the specific growth rate of L monocytogenes at temperatures <4 degrees C. The kinetic models developed in this study can be used by regulatory agencies and food processors for conducting risk assessment of L monocytogenes in fresh-cut cantaloupe, and for estimating the shelf-life of fresh-cut products. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Fang, Ting] Fujian Agr & Forestry Univ, Coll Food Sci, Fuzhou 350001, Peoples R China. [Liu, Yanhong; Huang, Lihan] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Huang, LH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM lihan.huang@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 10 U2 75 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0740-0020 J9 FOOD MICROBIOL JI Food Microbiol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 34 IS 1 BP 174 EP 181 DI 10.1016/j.fm.2012.12.005 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA 111NO UT WOS:000316528200025 PM 23498195 ER PT J AU Hanson, AA Venette, RC AF Hanson, A. A. Venette, R. C. TI THERMOCOUPLE DESIGN FOR MEASURING TEMPERATURES OF SMALL INSECTS SO CRYOLETTERS LA English DT Article DE supercooling point; exotherm; parasitoid AB Contact thermocouples often are used to measure surface body temperature changes of insects during cold exposure. However, small temperature changes of minute insects can be difficult to detect, particularly during the measurement of supercooling points. We developed two thermocouple designs, which use 0.51 mm diameter or 0.127 mm diameter copper-constantan wires, to improve our ability to resolve insect exotherms. We tested the designs with adults from three parasitoid species: Tetrastichus planipennisi, Spathius agrili, and S. floridanus. These species are <3 mm long and <0.1 mg. Mean exotherms were greater for fine-gauge thermocouples than thick-gauge thermocouples for the smallest species tested, T. planipennisi. This difference was not apparent for larger species S. agrili and S. floridanus. Thermocouple design did not affect the mean supercooling point for any of the species. The "cradle" thermocouple design developed with the fine gauge wire was reusable and allowed for easy insect recovery after cold exposure. C1 [Hanson, A. A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Entomol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Venette, R. C.] Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Venette, RC (reprint author), Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM rvenette@fs.fed.us RI Hanson, Anthony/A-1324-2014 OI Hanson, Anthony/0000-0002-5539-0486 NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 8 PU CRYO LETTERS PI LONDON PA C/O ROYAL VETERINARY COLLEGE, ROYAL COLLEGE ST, LONDON NW1 0TU, ENGLAND SN 0143-2044 EI 1742-0644 J9 CRYOLETTERS JI CryoLetters PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 34 IS 3 BP 261 EP 266 PG 6 WC Biology; Physiology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Physiology GA AJ5JL UT WOS:000337718400006 PM 23812316 ER PT J AU Pooler, M Ma, HM AF Pooler, Margaret Ma, Hongmei TI Interspecific Hybridizations in Ornamental Flowering Cherries Validated by Simple Sequence Repeat Analysis SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE simple sequence repeat; molecular markers; plant breeding; Prunus ID PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCES; PRUNUS ROSACEAE; DNA; PEACH; MARKERS; BATSCH; ALMOND; CROSS AB Flowering cherries belong to the genus Prunus, consisting primarily of species native to Asia. Despite the popularity of ornamental cherry trees in the landscape, most ornamental Prunus planted in the United States are derived from a limited genetic base of Japanese flowering cherry taxa. Controlled crosses among flowering cherry species carried out over the past 30 years at the U.S. National Arboretum have resulted in the creation of interspecific hybrids among many of these diverse taxa. We used simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to verify 73 of 84 putative hybrids created from 43 crosses representing 20 parental taxa. All verified hybrids were within the same section (Cerasus or Laurocerasus in the subgenus Cerasus) with no verified hybrids between sections. C1 [Pooler, Margaret; Ma, Hongmei] ARS, USDA, US Natl Arboretum, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Pooler, M (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Natl Arboretum, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 010A, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM margaret.pooler@ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0003-1062 EI 2327-9788 J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 138 IS 3 BP 198 EP 204 PG 7 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA AD4OJ UT WOS:000333230100006 ER PT J AU Sakhanokho, HF Islam-Faridi, N AF Sakhanokho, Hamidou F. Islam-Faridi, Nurul TI Nuclear DNA Content, Base Composition, and Cytogenetic Characterization of Christia obcordata SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE butterfly plant; flow cytometry; fluorescence in situ hybridization; FISH; genome size; ribosomal RNA gene families ID IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; GENOME SIZE; CHROMOSOME-NUMBERS; RDNA; 5S; HETEROCHROMATIN; SEQUENCES; LOCALIZATION; ANCESTORS; EVOLUTION AB Christia obcordata is an intriguing small-sized house plant with unusual and attractive features such as its striped leaves. Because very little is known about the plant, we conducted an investigation of its genome and chromosomes. The number of chromosomes was determined using a protoplast technique to prepare root tip chromosome spread and was found to be 2n = 2x = 20. Flow cytometry was used to determine nuclear DNA content (1C = 0.65 pg = 634.4 Mb) for C. obcordata and AT/GC composition was shown to be AT% = 62.8%+/- 0.0% and GC% = 37.2%+/- 0.0%. Finally, fluorescent in situ hybridization was used to locate ribosomal RNA gene families in C. obcordata. Ribosomal RNA gene families, viz. 18S-28S and 5S rDNA, are unique cytomolecular landmarks that provide valuable information about the evolutionary organization of a genome. We have identified one locus each of 18S-28S and 5S rDNA. The 18S-28S rDNA is located in the subterminal position on the secondary constriction region [also known as the nucleolus organizer region (NOR)] and the 5S rDNA is located interstitially close to a centromeric position. The basic information gathered in this study on C. obcordata will be helpful in understanding the genetics of this species. C1 [Sakhanokho, Hamidou F.] ARS, USDA, Thad Cochran Southern Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. [Islam-Faridi, Nurul] Texas A&M Univ, US Forest Serv, Forest Tree Mol Cytogenet Lab, Southern Res Stn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Sakhanokho, HF (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Thad Cochran Southern Hort Lab, 810 Highway 26 West, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. EM Hamidou.Sakhanokho@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0003-1062 EI 2327-9788 J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 138 IS 3 BP 205 EP 209 PG 5 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA AD4OJ UT WOS:000333230100007 ER PT J AU Mondal, P Butler, BJ Kittredge, DB Moser, WK AF Mondal, Pinki Butler, Brett J. Kittredge, David B. Moser, Warren K. TI How are America's private forests changing? An integrated assessment of forest management, housing pressure, and urban development in alternate emissions scenarios SO LAND USE POLICY LA English DT Article DE Private forest; Land use; Urban-rural interface; Forest ownership; Socio-economic context; Emission scenario ID CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; GLOBAL CHANGE; LAND-USE; CONSERVATION; IMPACT; PARCELIZATION; GROWTH; RISK AB Private forests are a vital component of the natural ecosystem infrastructure of the United States, and provide critical ecosystem services including clean air and water, energy, wildlife habitat, recreational services, and wood fiber. These forests have been subject to conversion to developed uses due to increasing population pressures. This study examines the changing patterns in the private forests across the urban-rural gradient in 36 states in the eastern United States. We combine observed forest management activities, housing pressure, and 50-year projections of development pressures under alternate IPCC emission scenarios (A1, A2, B1, and B2) to produce a forest pressures index for a total of 45,707 plots located on privately owned land. We find evidence of continued forest loss in suburban/urban regions, and imminent pressure on private forests in exurban regions, while forests in rural regions are found to be relatively stable in next 50 years. Patterns of forest pressures differ depending on the sub-regions, which can be attributed to differing socio-ecological context of these sub-regions. Forest pressures also differ depending on the alternate scenarios considered, as projected increases in impervious surfaces is higher for the A1 and A2 scenarios as compared to the B1 and B2 scenarios. Land owners, often influenced by changing economic, demographic, and environmental trends, will play an important role in managing goods and services provided by these private forests. While it remains challenging to model forest owner attributes, socio-economic factors appear to be critical in shaping the future forested landscape in the United States. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Mondal, Pinki; Kittredge, David B.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Butler, Brett J.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Kittredge, David B.] Harvard Univ, Petersham, MA 01366 USA. [Moser, Warren K.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Mondal, P (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Environm Biol, 1200 Amsterdam Ave, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM pm2658@columbia.edu; bbutler01@fs.fed.us; dbkitt@gmail.com; wkmoser@fs.fed.us NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 68 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-8377 J9 LAND USE POLICY JI Land Use Pol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 32 BP 230 EP 238 DI 10.1016/j.landusepol.2012.10.014 PG 9 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 096TG UT WOS:000315426600023 ER PT J AU Xu, JY Inglett, GE Chen, DJ Liu, SX AF Xu, Jingyuan Inglett, George E. Chen, Diejun Liu, Sean X. TI Viscoelastic properties of oat beta-glucan-rich aqueous dispersions SO FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE beta-Glucan; C-trim; Rheology; Viscoelastic properties ID RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES; SOYBEAN OIL; MICROHETEROGENEITY; HYDROCOLLOIDS; CHOLESTEROL; SUSPENSIONS; VISCOSITY; EXTRACTS; WOMEN; BRAN AB C-trim is a healthy food product containing soluble dietary fibre beta-glucan. The dispersion of C-trim in water is a hydrocolloid biopolymer. The linear and non-linear rheological properties of dispersions of C-trim biopolymers were investigated. The linear viscoelastic behaviours for C-trim dispersions were dependent on the beta-glucan that C-trim contained. The C-trim20 and C-trim30, which have about 20% and 30% beta-glucan, respectively, exhibited more fluid-like behaviours. The C-trim50 and C-trim95, which contain about 50% and 95% beta-glucan, respectively, showed solid viscoelastic properties. The power law model fitting, as well as spectra, for the linear dynamic frequency sweep and stress relaxation of C-trim dispersions, suggested that the C-trim dispersions were composed of physical entanglement networks instead of chemical cross ones. The non-linear steady shearing studies for C-trim dispersions indicated that all four of the C-trim dispersions exhibited shear-thinning behaviours, which could be best described by the power law model. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Xu, Jingyuan; Inglett, George E.; Chen, Diejun; Liu, Sean X.] ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Xu, JY (reprint author), ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM james.xu@ars.usda.gov FU US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service FX This work was financially supported by US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. NR 39 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 56 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-8146 J9 FOOD CHEM JI Food Chem. PD MAY 1 PY 2013 VL 138 IS 1 BP 186 EP 191 DI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.10.049 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 079SZ UT WOS:000314193800029 PM 23265475 ER PT J AU Yang, JH Pan, ZL Takeoka, G Mackey, B Bingol, G Brandl, MT Garcin, K McHugh, TH Wang, H AF Yang, Jihong Pan, Zhongli Takeoka, Gary Mackey, Bruce Bingol, Gokhan Brandl, Maria T. Garcin, Karine McHugh, Tara H. Wang, Hua TI Shelf-life of infrared dry-roasted almonds SO FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Almonds; Shelf-life; Infrared; Roasting; Volatile components ID DESCRIPTIVE SENSORY ANALYSIS; VOLATILE COMPOUNDS; OXIDATIVE STABILITY; COLOR DEVELOPMENT; PEANUT FLAVOR; BLACK-WALNUT; QUALITY; STORAGE; COMPONENTS; HAZELNUT AB Infrared heating was recently used to develop a more efficient roasting technology than traditional hot air roasting. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the shelf-life of almonds roasted with three different approaches, namely infrared (IR), sequential infrared and hot air (SIRHA) and regular hot air (HA). Nine medium roasted almond samples produced by the aforementioned heating methods were processed at three different temperatures (130, 140 and 150 degrees C), packed in paper bags and then stored at 37 degrees C for three, six or eight months. Shelf-life of the roasted almonds was determined by measuring the changes in colour, peroxide value, moisture content, water activity, volatile components and sensory quality. No significant difference was observed in moisture content and water activity among the almond samples processed with different roasting methods and stored under the same conditions. GC/MS analysis showed that aldehydes, alcohols, and pyrazines were the main volatile components of almonds. Aliphatic aldehydes such as hexanal, (E)-2-octenal, and nonanal were produced as off-odours during storage. Although the overall quality of roasted almonds produced with SIRHA and HA heating was similar during the first three months of storage, their peroxide value and concentration of aliphatic aldehydes differed significantly for different roasting methods and increased significantly in all roasted samples during storage. We postulate that hexanal and nonanal might be better indicators of the shelf life of roasted almonds than the current standard, peroxide value. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Yang, Jihong; Wang, Hua] NW A&F Univ, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Yang, Jihong; Pan, Zhongli; Garcin, Karine] Univ Calif Davis, Biol & Agr Engn Dept, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Pan, Zhongli; Takeoka, Gary; Bingol, Gokhan; McHugh, Tara H.] ARS, Proc Foods Res Unit, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Brandl, Maria T.] ARS, Produce Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Takeoka, G (reprint author), ARS, Proc Foods Res Unit, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM gary.takeoka@ars.usda.gov FU Almond Board of California FX We thank the Almond Board of California for partial financial support. We also appreciate the technical assistance of Mr. Donald Olson. The experiments were conducted at the Western Regional Research Center of the USDA-ARS and in the Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis. NR 57 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 6 U2 84 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-8146 J9 FOOD CHEM JI Food Chem. PD MAY 1 PY 2013 VL 138 IS 1 BP 671 EP 678 DI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.09.142 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 079SZ UT WOS:000314193800094 PM 23265539 ER PT J AU White, BL Oakes, AJ Shi, XL Price, KM Lamb, MC Sobolev, VS Sanders, TH Davis, JP AF White, Brittany L. Oakes, Aaron J. Shi, Xiaolei Price, Kristin M. Lamb, Marshall C. Sobolev, Victor S. Sanders, Timothy H. Davis, Jack P. TI Development of a pilot-scale process to sequester aflatoxin and release bioactive peptides from highly contaminated peanut meal SO LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ACE; Aflatoxin; Bioactive peptides; Peanut meal; Value-added ID MILK; REDUCTION; FEED; M1; HYDROLYSIS; MYCOTOXINS; TOXICITY; PROTEINS; BINDING; COWS AB Peanut meal (PM) is the high protein by-product remaining after commercial extraction of peanut oil. PM applications are limited because of typical high concentrations of aflatoxin. For the first time, pilot-scale extraction of protein and sequestration of aflatoxin from PM were evaluated. Aqueous PM dispersions were mixed with two commercial bentonite clays and Alcalase in a jacketed mixer, hydrolysed for 1 h, heated to inactivate protease, and solids and liquids were separated using a decanter. Liquid hydrolysates derived from this process had >90% reduction in aflatoxin when clay was present. ACE-inhibitory activities of these hydrolysates suggest a potential benefit for blood pressure regulation. The insoluble fractions from the dispersions were dried and used in a separate turkey poult feeding study. These results indicate that scale-up of this novel process is feasible and offers a means for adding value to this underutilized protein source. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [White, Brittany L.; Oakes, Aaron J.; Price, Kristin M.; Sanders, Timothy H.; Davis, Jack P.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Market Qual & Handling Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Shi, Xiaolei; Sanders, Timothy H.; Davis, Jack P.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Food Bioproc & Nutr Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Lamb, Marshall C.; Sobolev, Victor S.] USDA ARS, Natl Peanut Res Lab, Dawson, GA 39842 USA. RP Davis, JP (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Market Qual & Handling Res Unit, 236 Schaub Hall, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM jack.davis@ars.usda.gov NR 37 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 64 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0023-6438 J9 LWT-FOOD SCI TECHNOL JI LWT-Food Sci. Technol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 51 IS 2 BP 492 EP 499 DI 10.1016/j.lwt.2012.10.022 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 081MI UT WOS:000314325900014 ER PT J AU Sessa, DJ Cheng, HN Kim, S Selling, GW Biswas, A AF Sessa, David J. Cheng, H. N. Kim, Sanghoon Selling, Gordon W. Biswas, Atanu TI Zein-based polymers formed by modifications with isocyanates SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Diisocyanate; Isocyanate; NMR; Surface energy; Water resistance; Zein ID BLENDS; NMR; POLYURETHANES; REACTIVITY; PROTEINS AB Zein is a prolamine protein found in corn and has good potential in the development of industrial bioplastics. In this work, zein was modified with several isocyanates and diisocyanates in solution to evaluate its potential usage in bioplastics. The major reaction pathways were identified with the help of NMR and FTIR. For all the isocyanates employed, the surface free energy of the modified zein decreased, which phenomenon indicates decreased hydrophilicity. The moisture uptake decreased with isocyanate and diisocyanate modifications. Gel electrophoretic patterns showed that diisocyanate cross-linked a portion of zein to generate higher molecular weight species. DSC data showed single glass transition temperatures in all cases indicative that homogeneous blends were formed. The mechanical properties of modified zein were either similar to unmodified zein or reduced in some cases. Based on results from NMR and FTIR findings a reaction scheme is proposed. Our findings suggest that the reaction of zein with diisocyanates has potential usage in bioplastics formulations. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Sessa, David J.; Kim, Sanghoon; Selling, Gordon W.; Biswas, Atanu] ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Cheng, H. N.] ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Biswas, A (reprint author), ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM atanu.biswas@ars.usda.gov NR 33 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 101 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 EI 1872-633X J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 43 BP 106 EP 113 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2012.06.034 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 047TS UT WOS:000311865000018 ER PT J AU Berhow, MA Polat, U Glinski, JA Glensk, M Vaughn, SF Isbell, T Ayala-Diaz, I Marek, L Gardner, C AF Berhow, Mark A. Polat, Umit Glinski, Jan A. Glensk, Michal Vaughn, Steven F. Isbell, Terry Ayala-Diaz, Ivan Marek, Laura Gardner, Candice TI Optimized analysis and quantification of glucosinolates from Camelina sativa seeds by reverse-phase liquid chromatography SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Camelina sativa L Cranz; Glucosinolates; HPLC analysis; Purification; Seed analysis ID OXIDATIVE STABILITY; VEGETABLE-OILS; QUALITY; PLANTS; ISOTHIOCYANATES; PURIFICATION; PERFORMANCE; METABOLISM; TOCOPHEROL; PRODUCTS AB Gold-of-pleasure or false flax (Camelina sativa L Crantz) is being developed as an alternative oil crop for biodiesel and for food use. The seed meal, which contains three relatively unique glucosinolates, is being evaluated for approval for use as an ingredient in animal feeds and for other uses. The objective of this research was to develop reproducible methods for the isolation of large quantities of pure camelina glucosinolates (glucoarabin, glucocamelinin, and 11-(methylsulfinyl)-undecylglucosinolate) and develop efficient methods for quantifying these compounds. The separation and purification of the camelina glucosinolates were achieved using a combination of reverse phase chromatography, counter-current chromatography and ion exchange chromatography. An efficient reverse phase HPLC separation method was used to quantitate the glucosinolate content in camelina seed and plant extracts. The quanti ration methodology was used to measure glucosinolate levels in seeds from 30 cultivars grown in a U.S. field trial and measure glucosinolates levels in sprouted camelina seeds. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Berhow, Mark A.; Vaughn, Steven F.; Isbell, Terry] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res Funct Foods Res & Biooi, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Polat, Umit] Uludag Univ, Dept Biochem, Fac Vet Med, TR-16059 Bursa, Turkey. [Glinski, Jan A.; Glensk, Michal] Planta Analyt LLC, Danbury, CT 06810 USA. [Glensk, Michal] Wroclaw Med Univ, Dept Pharmacognosy, PL-50140 Wroclaw, Poland. [Gardner, Candice] Iowa State Univ, N Cent Reg Plant Intro Stn, Dept Agron, ARS,USDA,Plant Intro Res, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Ayala-Diaz, Ivan; Marek, Laura] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Berhow, MA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res Funct Foods Res & Biooi, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM mark.berhow@ares.usda NR 32 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 4 U2 124 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 43 BP 119 EP 125 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2012.07.018 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 047TS UT WOS:000311865000020 ER PT J AU Jessing, KK Cedergreen, N Mayer, P Libous-Bailey, L Strobel, BW Rimando, A Duke, SO AF Jessing, Karina K. Cedergreen, Nina Mayer, Philipp Libous-Bailey, Lynn Strobel, Bjarne W. Rimando, Agnes Duke, Stephen O. TI Loss of artemisinin produced by Artemisia annua L. to the soil environment SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Production; Yield; Environment; In situ silicone microextraction ID SECONDARY METABOLITES; ANTIMALARIAL-DRUG; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; TISSUE-CULTURES; PLANT; HYSTEROPHORUS; BIOSYNTHESIS; DEGRADATION; INHIBITION; PARTHENIUM AB Artemisia annua L synthesizes and accumulates the secondary metabolite artemisinin, a compound with antimalarial properties. As cultivation of the plant is still the only cost effective source of artemisinin, the production takes place in monocultures of A. annua. Artemisinin is known to have insecticidal and herbicidal effects, and also of being toxic to A. annua. Knowing the magnitude of the different routes of loss of artemisinin from A. annua to the soil environment makes it possible to reduce the risk of decrease in yield as well as reducing the impact on soil organisms including plants, and reducing the risk of leaching. The largest contributor (86-108%) of artemisinin loss to the soil environment was found to be from dead leaves. In the case with A. annua production, the risks can hence be limited by paying attention to the harvest and drying process, where risk of loss of plant material to the surrounding environment is the largest. Artemisinin is also lost from A. annua by rain runoff (<0.5%) and root excretion, but to a minor degree. The in situ silicone tube microextraction method was here successfully applied for the first time to monitor artemisinin from roots in an A. annua soil-plant system. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Jessing, Karina K.; Cedergreen, Nina; Mayer, Philipp; Strobel, Bjarne W.] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Basic Sci & Environm, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. [Mayer, Philipp] Aarhus Univ, Dept Environm Sci, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. [Libous-Bailey, Lynn] USDA, Crop Protect Syst Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Rimando, Agnes; Duke, Stephen O.] Univ Mississippi, USDA, Nat Prod Utilizat Res, University, MS 38677 USA. RP Jessing, KK (reprint author), Univ Copenhagen, Dept Basic Sci & Environm, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. EM jessing@life.ku.dk RI Strobel, Bjarne/E-8980-2010; Cedergreen, Nina/F-6731-2014; Knudsmark Sjoholm, Karina/F-7318-2014 OI Strobel, Bjarne/0000-0001-9680-1715; Cedergreen, Nina/0000-0003-4724-9447; Knudsmark Sjoholm, Karina/0000-0002-2964-3849 NR 41 TC 11 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 109 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 43 BP 132 EP 140 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2012.06.033 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 047TS UT WOS:000311865000022 ER PT J AU Meki, MN Snider, JL Kiniry, JR Raper, RL Rocateli, AC AF Meki, Manyowa N. Snider, John L. Kiniry, James R. Raper, Randy L. Rocateli, Alexandre C. TI Energy sorghum biomass harvest thresholds and tillage effects on soil organic carbon and bulk density SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Energy sorghum; Harvest threshold; Soil organic carbon; Bulk density ID CORN STOVER; CROP RESIDUE; SUBSOIL COMPACTION; SOUTHEASTERN US; C-13 ABUNDANCE; DIVERSE SITES; GRAIN-SORGHUM; COVER CROPS; ROOT-GROWTH; NITROGEN AB Bioenergy feedstock production systems face many challenges, among which is the lack of guidelines on sustainable biomass harvest thresholds and tillage cropping systems that maintain soil quality and productivity. We used the ALMANAC crop model to evaluate four biomass removal rates, 0%, 50%, 75% and 100%, and four tillage cropping systems, continuous No Till (NT), and Conventional Till (CT), and periodically plowed or subsoiled NT lands at Shorter, AL, for a Lynchburg loamy sand soil, over 51 yr of actual weather data: 1960-2010. Farmers periodically plowed or subsoil NT lands to alleviate problems of drainage, pests, and soil compaction. Given the importance of soil organic carbon (SOC) as a soil quality indicator, we premised sustainability upon the maintenance of SOC at or above the initial SOC levels. As expected, NT had the highest SOC and lowest bulk density (BD) across the four biomass removal rates and gained the highest percent SOC over the 51-yr simulation period. For this study, the 75% biomass removal rate was applied sustainably on NT energy sorghum production systems, giving an annual harvestable biomass yield of 18.0 +/- 0.9, residue biomass, 6.2 +/- 0.3, and a root biomass of 7.2 +/- 0.4 Mg ha(-1). However, the 75% removal rate also significantly increased soil bulk density, a critical indicator of soil compaction, by 30%. Compared to conventional tillage, subsoil tillage maintained SOC and better alleviated soil compaction in NT systems, but at the reduced biomass removal threshold of 50%. Long-term biomass removal resulted in reduced total biomass yields over time due to nutrient depletion as reflected by increased N stress days on subsequent crops. We attributed the N stress to N immobilization by the decomposing residues, reduced mineralization and N losses. Additional inputs will be needed to avoid increased N uptake from the soil which could result in soil mining. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Meki, Manyowa N.] Texas Agr Expt Stn, Blackland Res & Extens Ctr, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Snider, John L.] Univ Georgia, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Kiniry, James R.] ARS, USDA, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Raper, Randy L.] ARS, USDA, Dale Bumpers Small Farms Res Ctr, Booneville, AR 72927 USA. [Rocateli, Alexandre C.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Crop Soil & Environm Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72704 USA. RP Meki, MN (reprint author), Texas Agr Expt Stn, Blackland Res & Extens Ctr, 720 E Blackland Rd, Temple, TX 76502 USA. EM nmeki@brc.tamus.edu FU USDA-ARS, Grassland, Soil and Water Research Laboratory, Temple, Texas [58-6206-1-053] FX Funds for this study provided by the USDA-ARS, Grassland, Soil and Water Research Laboratory, Temple, Texas, through Specific Cooperative Agreement: 58-6206-1-053. We thank Jason Wight of the Texas A&M University and Kate Behrman of the University of Texas, Austin, for their editorial comments and suggestions to improve this manuscript. Special thanks go to the Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station and USDA-ARS National Soil Dynamics Laboratory in Auburn, AL, and USDA-ARS Dale Bumpers Small Farms Research Center in Booneville. AR staff for collecting the field data. NR 76 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 303 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 43 BP 172 EP 182 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2012.07.033 PG 11 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 047TS UT WOS:000311865000027 ER PT J AU Dubois, JL Piccirilli, A Magne, J He, XH AF Dubois, Jean-Luc Piccirilli, Antoine Magne, Julien He, Xiaohua TI Detoxification of castor meal through reactive seed crushing SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Allergen; Castor; Detoxification; Reactive seed crushing; Ricin ID RICIN AB Non-edible oil crops, such as castor or jatropha, contain several toxic components. Post-harvest treatments should be used to reduce the risks associated with the possible dispersion of toxic compounds in the environment. A new processing technology named reactive seed crushing was developed, which combines in a single process seed-crushing, solvent extraction, oil refining, transesterification and meal detoxification. When applied to castor seeds, it was demonstrated that the process produced a detoxified meal and a castor oil methyl ester of acceptable quality for downstream processing. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [He, Xiaohua] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Dubois, Jean-Luc] Arkema, F-92705 Colombes, France. [Piccirilli, Antoine; Magne, Julien] Valagro, F-86022 Poitiers, France. RP He, XH (reprint author), ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM Xiaohua.he@ars.usda.gov OI DUBOIS, Jean-Luc/0000-0003-4968-5728 FU ADEME; French Environment and Energy Management Agency; USDA-ARS National Program [NP108]; CRIS [5325-42000-048-00D] FX We would like to acknowledge ADEME, the French Environment and Energy Management Agency for financial support of the RICHARB project, which contributed to this study. This research was also supported partially by USDA-ARS National Program NP108, CRIS projects 5325-42000-048-00D. The U.S. Department of Agriculture is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 73 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 43 BP 194 EP 199 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2012.07.012 PG 6 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 047TS UT WOS:000311865000030 ER PT J AU Cantrell, CL Zheljazkov, VD Osbrink, WLA Castro, A Maddox, V Craker, LE Astatkie, T AF Cantrell, Charles L. Zheljazkov, Valcho D. Osbrink, Weste L. A. Castro, Amaya Maddox, Victor Craker, Lyle E. Astatkie, Tess TI Podophyllotoxin and essential oil profile of Juniperus and related species SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Eastern red cedar; Medicinal plant; Anti-cancer; Antimicrobial; Antileishmania; Anti-termite ID EASTERN RED CEDAR; PELTATUM; LIGNANS; VIRGINIANA; ETOPOSIDE; ISOPTERA; LEAVES; PLANT; L. AB Podophyllotoxin is currently in high demand as the lead chemical precursor for the anti-cancer drugs etoposide and teniposide. We conducted a two-phase study: (i) screening of Juniperus and other related species and identified Juniperus virginiana as the species with the highest podophyllotoxin concentration and (ii) established the limits of variations of podophyllotoxin and essential oil content and composition in J. virginiana in the United States. In the second phase of the study. J. virginiana trees at 49 locations in Mississippi. Alabama, Tennessee, and North Dakota were sampled and analyzed for both podophyllotoxin and essential oil. Both the essential oil and podophyllotoxin had similar concentration ranges as percent of dry J. virginiana leaves. Hence the following qualitative grouping with respect to concentration of natural products in the leaves was assigned: very high (>0.3%), high (0.2-0.3%), medium (0.1-0.2%), and low (<0.1%). Based on the above qualitative grouping, the J. virginiana accession were divided into 10 different groups (chemotypes). The J. virginiana accessions also differed in essential oil composition, with wide variation of individual constituents. Based on the essential oil composition, the J. virginiana accessions were divided into the following groups (chemotypes): (1) safrole-limonene-linalool; (2) safrole-beta-pinene-limonene-linalool; (3) beta-pinene-limonene; (4) limonene; (5) limonene-linalool; (6) limonene-safrole; (7) limonene-safrole-beta-pinene; (8) beta-pinene-limonene-bornyl acetate; (9) beta-pinene-limonene-linalool-bornyl acetate; and (10) myrcene-limonene chemotype. The essential oil of two of the J. virginiana chemotypes showed differential antioxidant activity. J. virginiana leaves, a by-product from the timber industry could be used as a sustainable source for both podophyllotoxin and essential oil. The availability of various chemotypes offers an opportunity for the development of cultivars for commercial production of podophyllotoxin and essential oil with specific compositional profile to meet the market requirements. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zheljazkov, Valcho D.] Univ Wyoming, Sheridan Res & Extens Ctr, Sheridan, WY 82801 USA. [Cantrell, Charles L.] ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, USDA, University, MS 38677 USA. [Osbrink, Weste L. A.] ARS, Formosan Subterranean Termite Res Unit, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Castro, Amaya] Frederick Natl Lab Canc Res, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. [Maddox, Victor] Mississippi State Univ, Geosyst Res Inst, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Craker, Lyle E.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Plant Soil & Insect Sci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Astatkie, Tess] Dalhousie Univ, Fac Agr, Truro, NS, Canada. RP Zheljazkov, VD (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Sheridan Res & Extens Ctr, 663 Wyarno Rd, Sheridan, WY 82801 USA. EM vjeliazk@uwyo.edu RI Astatkie, Tess/J-7231-2012 OI Astatkie, Tess/0000-0002-9779-8789 FU Mississippi State University project 'Bioprospecting for production of the anti-cancer drug podophyllotoxin' FX The authors thank Solomon Green III and Amber Reichley for technical assistance at the National Center for Natural Products Research in Oxford, MS, and USDA-ARS. Financial support was provided in part from the Mississippi State University project 'Bioprospecting for production of the anti-cancer drug podophyllotoxin' and a contribution of the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Exp. Sta. journal article No. J-11588. The authors also thank Thomas Horgan and Ekaterina Jeliazkova of Mississippi State for their help with the sampling and Dr. Pamela Collins for providing access to the Mississippi State arboretum. Shabana Khan, Babu Tekwani and Melissa Jacob are acknowledged for biological screening at NCNPR, University of Mississippi. NR 34 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 86 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 43 BP 668 EP 676 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2012.07.075 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 047TS UT WOS:000311865000100 ER PT J AU Johnson, JMF Gesch, RW AF Johnson, Jane M. F. Gesch, Russ W. TI Calendula and camelina response to nitrogen fertility SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Biofuel; Nitrogen use efficiency yield components; Root:shoot; Photosynthesis; Greenhouse ID NORTHERN GREAT-PLAINS; OFFICINALIS L.; SEED YIELD; USE EFFICIENCY; CROP PRODUCTIVITY; OILSEED CROPS; OIL CONTENT; SATIVA; FERTILIZATION; CUPHEA AB Calendula (Calendula officinalis L) and camelina (Camelina sativa L) can provide a domestic, renewable, non-food alternative to imported oil sources for bioenergy and industrial purposes. However, limited information exists concerning N fertilizer guidelines for these emerging oilseed crops. Therefore, a replicated greenhouse study was conducted to assess the growth and yield response of calendula and camelina to N fertility. Plants were grown in pots, and treatments consisted of fertilizing with urea at 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5 and 1.0 gN pot(-1), corresponding to field-area equivalent rates of 0, 26, 52, 130, and 260 kg ha(-1). Reproductive [i.e., flower and seed head (capitula) dry biomass (g plant(-1)). seed yield (g plant(-1)), seed-oil yield (g pot(-1)), and seed-oil content (g kg(-1))] and vegetative parameters [i.e., root and shoot dry biomass, N concentration (mg g(-1)) and N uptake (mg N plant(-1))] were used to assess crop response to N-fertility. Quadratic functions (r(2) = 0.93, P = 0.05 and r(2) = 0.99, P = 0.09) described the response of calendula capitula dry biomass and camelina seed yield g plant(-1)) to N fertilizer, respectively. These functions predicted maximum agronomic yields occurring at 0.65 and 0.75 g N pot(-1), for calendula and camelina, respectively. Camelina seed-oil content (g kg(-1)) declined from 390 to 360g kg(-1) in response to N fertility, but because seed yield increased with N fertility, likewise, so did total seed-oil yield (g pot(-1)). Nitrogen uptake efficiency of aboveground vegetative biomass ranged about 19-29% for camelina). Maximum agronomic yield may compromise economic return, which needs to be considered when developing fertilizer recommendations for field production of these two oil-seed crops. Published by Elsevier C1 [Johnson, Jane M. F.; Gesch, Russ W.] USDA ARS, N Cent Soil Conservat Res Lab, Morris, MN 56267 USA. RP Johnson, JMF (reprint author), USDA ARS, N Cent Soil Conservat Res Lab, 803 Iowa Ave, Morris, MN 56267 USA. EM Jane.Johnson@ars.usda.gov OI Johnson, Jane/0000-0002-1687-4007 FU USDA-Agricultural Research Service FX Project funding for this study was provided by the USDA-Agricultural Research Service. NR 52 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 155 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 43 BP 684 EP 691 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2012.07.056 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 047TS UT WOS:000311865000102 ER PT J AU Zheljazkov, VD Cantrell, CL Donega, MA Astatkie, T AF Zheljazkov, Valtcho D. Cantrell, Charles L. Donega, Mateus Augusto Astatkie, Tess TI Bioprospecting for podophyllotoxin in the Big Horn Mountains, Wyoming SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Juniperus communis; Juniperus horizontalis; Juniperus scopulorum ID EASTERN RED CEDAR; JUNIPERUS; PELTATUM; LEAVES AB The objective of this study was to evaluate variations in podophyllotoxin concentrations in Juniperus species found in the Big Horn Mountains in Wyoming. It was found that Juniperus species in the Big Horn Mountains included three species; J. communis L (common juniper), J. horizontalis Moench. (creeping juniper) and J. scopulorum Sarg. (Rocky Mountain juniper). Of these species, none of the 12 accessions off. communis contained detectable amounts of podophyllotoxin. All accessions off. scopulorum but one contained podophyllotoxin. Podophyllotoxin concentration in J. horizontalis and J. scopulorum did not correlate to the elevation of the selection sites. The concentration of podophyllotoxin in J. scopulorum ranged from 0 to 0.40%, while the concentration of podophyllotoxin in J. horizontalis ranged from 0.27 to 0.73%. Overall, J. horizontalis accessions in the Big Horn Mountains showed higher concentration of podophyllotoxin than the one in J. scopulorum. The range of concentrations in podophyllotoxin in J. horizontalis and J. scopulorum in the Big Horn Mountains were within the range or (in case off. horizontalis). much higher than the ones reported previously for J. virginiana. This is the first report on podophyllotoxin in J. horizontalis. The concentrations of podophyllotoxin in some accessions off. horizontalis were twice as high as the ones reported previously for any other junipers. This study demonstrated that Juniperus species in the Big Horn Mountains have a potential to be used as a source for podophyllotoxin. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zheljazkov, Valtcho D.] Univ Wyoming, Sheridan Res & Extens Ctr, Sheridan, WY 82801 USA. [Cantrell, Charles L.] USDA, ARS, NPURU, University, MS 38677 USA. [Donega, Mateus Augusto] Univ Sao Paulo, Escola Super Agr Luiz de Queiroz, BR-11134189 Piracicaba, Brazil. [Astatkie, Tess] Dalhousie Univ, Fac Agr, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada. RP Zheljazkov, VD (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Sheridan Res & Extens Ctr, 663 Wyarno Rd, Sheridan, WY 82801 USA. EM valtcho.pubs@gmail.com RI Astatkie, Tess/J-7231-2012; OI Astatkie, Tess/0000-0002-9779-8789; Donega, Mateus Augusto/0000-0002-7596-9663 NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 43 BP 787 EP 790 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2012.08.024 PG 4 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 047TS UT WOS:000311865000118 ER PT J AU Vaughn, SF Kenar, JA Felker, FC Berhow, MA Cermak, SC Evangelista, RL Fanta, GF Behle, RW Lee, E AF Vaughn, Steven F. Kenar, James A. Felker, Frederick C. Berhow, Mark A. Cermak, Steven C. Evangelista, Roque L. Fanta, George F. Behle, Robert W. Lee, Edward TI Evaluation of alternatives to guar gum as tackifiers for hydromulch and as clumping agents for biodegradable cat litter SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Guar; Gums; Inclusion complex ID CAMELINA-SATIVA; LIGNIN; EXTRACTION; SEED; OIL AB Guar gum is currently the principal gum used as a tackifier for hydromulch used in erosion control, and as a clumping agent in biodegradable cat litters. Due to recent severe price increases for guar gum, cheaper alternatives are being investigated. We examined several alternatives, including xanthan gum, plantago gum, methyl cellulose, pectin, lignin, camelina (Camelina sativa L. Crantz) and lesquerella [Lesquerella fendleri (A. Gray) S. Wats.] seedmeals (which both contain polysaccharide gums), waxy corn starch (which lacks amylose), and both high amylose (70% apparent amylose content) and normal (25% apparent amylose content) corn starch-sodium palmitate inclusion complexes produced by steam jet cooking. Plantago and xanthan gums, lignin-CaCl2, camelina and lesquerella seedmeals, and the high amylose starch-sodium palmitate inclusion complex were as effective in resistance to simulated rainfall as guar when used as hydromulch tackifiers at a standard application rate. Methyl cellulose, pectin, waxy starch and the normal corn starch-sodium palmitate inclusion complex had lower rainfall resistance than guar. For cat litter clumping ability, plantago and xanthan gums and methyl cellulose were equal to guar gum at the 2% rate. Pectin and the normal starch-sodium palmitate inclusion complex had acceptable levels of clumping at this rate. Lesquerella seedmeal and the high amylose starch-sodium palmitate inclusion complex had acceptable clumping only at the higher (6%) rate tested but not at the 2% rate. Neither camelina seedmeal nor waxy starch had acceptable clumping values at either rate. These results indicate that several of these materials are potential alternatives to guar as a tackifier for hydromulch and in clumping cat litters, particularly if material costs are significantly lower. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Vaughn, Steven F.; Kenar, James A.; Felker, Frederick C.; Berhow, Mark A.; Cermak, Steven C.; Evangelista, Roque L.; Fanta, George F.; Behle, Robert W.] USDA, ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Lee, Edward] Summit Seed Inc, Manteno, IL 60950 USA. RP Vaughn, SF (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Steven.Vaughn@ars.usda.gov NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 59 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 43 BP 798 EP 801 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2012.09.002 PG 4 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 047TS UT WOS:000311865000120 ER PT J AU Walzer, KA Adomako-Ankomah, Y Dam, RA Herrmann, DC Schares, G Dubey, JP Boyle, JP AF Walzer, Katelyn A. Adomako-Ankomah, Yaw Dam, Rachel A. Herrmann, Daland C. Schares, Gereon Dubey, Jitender P. Boyle, Jon P. TI Hammondia hammondi, an avirulent relative of Toxoplasma gondii, has functional orthologs of known T. gondii virulence genes SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE comparative genomics; gene content versus gene deployment; pathogenesis; host range ID INFECTION; CLONING; CATS; DIFFERENTIATION; PSEUDOKINASES; TRANSMISSION; EXPRESSION; PARASITE; MARKER; FAMILY AB Toxoplasma gondii is a ubiquitous protozoan parasite capable of infecting all warm-blooded animals, including humans. Its closest extant relative, Hammondia hammondi, has never been found to infect humans and, in contrast to T. gondii, is highly attenuated in mice. To better understand the genetic bases for these phenotypic differences, we sequenced the genome of a H. hammondi isolate (HhCatGer041) and found the genomic synteny between H. hammondi and T. gondii to be >95%. We used this genome to determine the H. hammondi primary sequence of two major T. gondii mouse virulence genes, TgROP5 and TgROP18. When we expressed these genes in T. gondii, we found that H. hammondi orthologs of TgROP5 and TgROP18 were functional. Similar to T. gondii, the HhROP5 locus is expanded, and two distinct HhROP5 paralogs increased the virulence of a T. gondii TgROP5 knockout strain. We also identified a 107 base pair promoter region, absent only in type III TgROP18, which is necessary for TgROP18 expression. This result indicates that the ROP18 promoter was active in the most recent common ancestor of these two species and that it was subsequently inactivated in progenitors of the type III lineage. Overall, these data suggest that the virulence differences between these species are not solely due to the functionality of these key virulence factors. This study provides evidence that other mechanisms, such as differences in gene expression or the lack of currently uncharacterized virulence factors, may underlie the phenotypic differences between these species. C1 [Walzer, Katelyn A.; Adomako-Ankomah, Yaw; Dam, Rachel A.; Boyle, Jon P.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Biol Sci, Dietrich Sch Arts & Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Herrmann, Daland C.; Schares, Gereon] Fed Res Inst Anim Hlth, Friedrich Loeffler Inst, Inst Epidemiol, D-16868 Wusterhausen, Germany. [Dubey, Jitender P.] USDA ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov; boylej@pitt.edu OI Schares, Gereon/0000-0002-3217-289X FU Pew Scholarship in the Biomedical Sciences; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases K22 Research Scholar Award [5K22AI080977]; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; German Federal Ministry of Education and Research [01 Kl 0765, Toxonet01, 01 KI 1002 F, Toxonet02] FX We thank Michael Reese for helpful comments on the manuscript. This work was supported by a Pew Scholarship in the Biomedical Sciences and by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases K22 Research Scholar Award 5K22AI080977 (to J.P.B.), and by Howard Hughes Medical Institute-sponsored undergraduate research fellowships (to K. A. W. and R. A. D.). D. C. H. and G. S. were supported by German Federal Ministry of Education and Research Grants 01 Kl 0765, Toxonet01 and 01 KI 1002 F, Toxonet02. NR 41 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 10 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD APR 30 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 18 BP 7446 EP 7451 DI 10.1073/pnas.1304322110 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 140UV UT WOS:000318682300071 PM 23589877 ER PT J AU Rodriguez-Saona, CR Polashock, J Malo, EA AF Rodriguez-Saona, Cesar R. Polashock, James Malo, Edi A. TI Jasmonate-mediated induced volatiles in the American cranberry, Vaccinium macrocarpon: from gene expression to organisrnal interactions SO FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE methyl jasmonate; jasmonic acid; herbivore-induced plant volatiles; Sparganothis suffureana; electroantennograms; multi-trophic interactions ID INDUCED PLANT-RESPONSES; EXOGENOUS METHYL JASMONATE; INDUCED RESISTANCE; NATURAL ENEMIES; ACID TREATMENT; TOMATO PLANTS; INSECT HERBIVORES; DEFENSES; BIOSYNTHESIS; OVIPOSITION AB Jasmonates, i.e., jasmonic acid (JA) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA), are signaling hormones that regulate a large number of defense responses in plants which in turn affect the plants' interactions with herbivores and their natural enemies. Here, we investigated the effect of jasmonates on the emission of volatiles in the American cranberry, Vaccinium macrocarpon, at different levels of biological organization from gene expression to organismal interactions. At the molecular level, four genes (BCS, LLS, NER1, and TPS21) responded significantly to gypsy moth larval feeding, MeJA, and mechanical wounding, but to different degrees. The most dramatic changes in expression of BCS and TPS21 (genes in the sesquiterpenoid pathway) were when treated with MeJA. Gypsy moth-damaged and MeJA-treated plants also had significantly elevated expression of LLS and NER1 (genes in the monoterpene and homoterpene biosynthesis pathways, respectively). At the biochemical level, MeJA induced a complex blend of monoterpene and sesquiterpene compounds that differed from gypsy moth and mechanical damage, and followed a diurnal pattern of emission. At the organismal level, numbers of Sparganothis sulfureana moths were lower while numbers of parasitic wasps were higher on sticky traps near MeJA-treated cranberry plants than those near untreated plants. Out of 11 leaf volatiles tested, (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate, linalool, and linalool oxide elicited strong antennal (EAG) responses from S. sulfureana, whereas sesquiterpenes elicited weak EAG responses. In addition, mortality of S. sulfureana larvae increased by about 43% in JA treated cranberry plants as compared with untreated plants, indicating a relationship among adult preference, antennal sensitivity to plant odors, and offspring performance. This study highlights the role of the jasmonate-dependent defensive pathway in the emissions of herbivore-induced volatiles in cranberries and its importance in multi-trophic level interactions. C1 [Rodriguez-Saona, Cesar R.] Philip E Marucci Ctr Blueberry & Cranberry Res, Dept Entomol, Chatsworth, NJ 08019 USA. [Polashock, James] USDA ARS, Philip E Marucci Ctr Blueberry & Cranberry Res, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, Chatsworth, NJ USA. [Malo, Edi A.] Colegio Frontera Sur, Grp Ecol Artropodos & Manejo Plagas, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico. RP Rodriguez-Saona, CR (reprint author), Philip E Marucci Ctr Blueberry & Cranberry Res, 125A Lake Oswego Road, Chatsworth, NJ 08019 USA. EM crodriguez@aesop.rutgers.edu RI Edi, Malo/F-7303-2016 OI Edi, Malo/0000-0002-1697-0277 FU USDA NIFA Special Grant "Blueberry and Cranberry Disease, Breeding and Insect Management"; hatch funds FX The authors thank the topic editors for their invitation to submit this contribution and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on an earlier draft. Thanks also to Robert Holdcraft, Vera Kyryczenko-Roth, Kristia Adams, Jennifer Frake, and Elizabeth Bender for laboratory and field assistance. Our special thanks to Dr. Thomas Hartman (Rutgers University, Mass Spectrometry Support Facility) and Dr. Hans Alborn (USDA-ARS, Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology) for their assistance in volatile identification, and to Matthew Kramer (USDA-ARS, Biometrical Consulting Service) for the statistical analyses of gene expression and for generating the graph presented in Figure 1. This work was supported by the USDA NIFA Special Grant "Blueberry and Cranberry Disease, Breeding and Insect Management" to Cesar R. Rodriguez-Saona and James Polashock, and by hatch funds to Cesar R. Rodriguez-Saona. NR 80 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 32 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-462X J9 FRONT PLANT SCI JI Front. Plant Sci. PD APR 29 PY 2013 VL 4 AR 115 DI 10.3389/fpls.2013.00115 PG 17 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 291LI UT WOS:000329829800001 PM 23641249 ER PT J AU Kula, RR AF Kula, Robert R. TI A new species and new distribution records for Braconidae from Mountain Lake Biological Station in southwestern Virginia and a redescription of Pentapleura foveolata Viereck SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Alysia; biodiversity; Coelinius; Eastern Deciduous Forest; parasitoid; taxonomy ID SENSU-LATO HYMENOPTERA; NEW-WORLD; EPIPHYTIC BRYOPHYTES; NORTH-AMERICA; ALYSIINAE; REVISION; HALIDAY; KEY AB One new species of Alysiinae, Coelinius wrayi Kula, is described. Pentapleura foveolata Viereck, also in Alysiinae and previously known only from a male collected at the type locality in Connecticut, is redescribed based on six females and two males collected at Mountain Lake Biological Station (MLBS) in Virginia. Morphological variation for Alysia (Alysia) salebrosa Wharton is discussed given variation observed in specimens from MLBS. Sixty-two species of Braconidae collected at MLBS in August of 2009 are listed along with 12 species reported previously from MLBS. Host use for the 62 species is discussed; 31 are in Alysiinae or Opiinae, subfamilies that exclusively contain parasitoids of cyclorrhaphous flies. Fifteen species are reported from Virginia for the first time. Problematic couplets in a key to species of Spathius Nees for North America (Marsh & Strazanac 2009) are discussed using specimens from MLBS. C1 ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA,Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Kula, RR (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA,Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, POB 37012,MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM Robert.Kula@ars.usda.gov NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 9 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD APR 29 PY 2013 VL 3641 IS 5 BP 501 EP 523 PG 23 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 132JA UT WOS:000318062500001 PM 26287103 ER PT J AU Reinhardt, TA Sacco, RE Nonnecke, BJ Lippolis, JD AF Reinhardt, Timothy A. Sacco, Randy E. Nonnecke, Brian J. Lippolis, John D. TI Bovine milk proteome: Quantitative changes in normal milk exosomes, milk fat globule membranes and whey proteomes resulting from Staphylococcus aureus mastitis SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOMICS LA English DT Article DE Milk proteome; Mastitis; Exosome; Whey; MFGM; Neutrophil extracellular traps ID DAVID BIOINFORMATICS RESOURCES; LARGE GENE LISTS; MAMMARY-GLAND; STATISTICAL-MODEL; PATHWAY ANALYSES; LACTATION CYCLE; PROTEINS; COWS; PROTEOLYSIS; NEUTROPHIL AB Milk protein expression in healthy cows and cows with mastitis will provide information important for the dairy food industry and immune function in the mammary gland. To facilitate protein discovery, milk was fractioned into whey, milk fat globule membranes (MFGM) and exosomes from healthy and Staphylococcus aureus infected cows. Amine-reactive isobaric tags (iTRAQ) were used to quantify protein changes between milk fractions isolated from healthy and S. aureus infected cows. 2971 milk proteins were identified with a false discovery rate of 0.1%. Greater than 300 milk proteins associated with host defense were identified and 94 were significantly differentially regulated in S. aureus infected milk compared to their uninfected controls. These differentially regulated host defense proteins were selectively segregated in the 3 milk compartments examined. An example of this segregation of host defense proteins was the partitioning and high concentration of proteins indicative of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation in the MFGM preparations from S. aureus infected milk as compared to exosomes or whey. Protein composition changes found in milk exosomes, MFGM and whey during an infection provides new and comprehensive information on milk protein composition in general as well as changes occurring during an infection. Biological significance The significance of this study is the identification and quantification of the individual components of the neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) functional proteome in an apparent stable complex with MFGM and/or milk fat globules during an intra-mammary infection. NETs could be functionally relevant in intra-mammary infection, as it is known that during an infection neutrophils ingest large amounts of milk fat that down regulates many of their traditional immune functions. Thus the presence of NETs in milk fat provides new insights to mammary immune function and suggests a role for NETs in clinical mastitis. These in vivo NETs can now be tested to determine if they retain functional antimicrobial activity when primarily associated with milk fat. Then we can estimate their real world functional relevance during an intra-mammary infection, which is one key to understanding clinical mastitis in dairy cows. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Reinhardt, Timothy A.; Sacco, Randy E.; Nonnecke, Brian J.; Lippolis, John D.] USDA ARS, Ruminant Dis & Immunol Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Reinhardt, TA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ruminant Dis & Immunol Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM tim.reinhardt@ars.usda.gov RI Reinhardt, Timothy/A-7536-2009 OI Reinhardt, Timothy/0000-0001-5552-2509 NR 52 TC 40 Z9 42 U1 8 U2 50 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1874-3919 J9 J PROTEOMICS JI J. Proteomics PD APR 26 PY 2013 VL 82 BP 141 EP 154 DI 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.02.013 PG 14 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 154AG UT WOS:000319643300011 PM 23459212 ER PT J AU Pridgeon, JW Klesius, PH Yildirim-Aksoy, M AF Pridgeon, Julia W. Klesius, Phillip H. Yildirim-Aksoy, Mediha TI Attempt to develop live attenuated bacterial vaccines by selecting resistance to gossypol, proflavine hemisulfate, novobiocin, or ciprofloxacin SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Bacteria; Attenuation; Antibiotics; Resistance; Vaccine ID EDWARDSIELLA-ICTALURI VACCINE; INDIAN MAJOR CARPS; AEROMONAS-HYDROPHILA; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; CHANNEL CATFISH; DNA GYRASE; PROTECTIVE EFFICACY; POTENTIAL USE; NILE TILAPIA; MUTATIONS AB In an attempt to develop attenuated bacteria as potential live vaccines, four chemicals (gossypol, proflavine hemisulfate, novobiocin, and ciprofloxacin) were used to modify the following four genera of bacteria through chemical-resistance strategy: (1) Aeromonas hydrophila (9 isolates); (2) Edwardsiella tarda (9 isolates); (3) Streptococcus iniae (9 isolates); and (4) S. agalactiae (11 isolates). All bacteria used in this study were able to develop high resistance to gossypol. However, only some bacteria were able to develop resistance to proflavine hemisulfate, novobiocin, or ciprofloxacin. When the virulence of resistant bacteria was tested in tilapia or catfish, none of the gossypol-resistant isolate was attenuated, whereas majority of the proflavine hemisulfate-resistant isolates were attenuated. However, all proflavine hemisulfate-attenuated bacteria failed to provide significant protection to fish. Eight novobiocin- or ciprofloxacin-resistant Gram-positive bacteria (S. agalactiae and S. inaie) were found to be attenuated. However, none of them offered protection higher than 70%. Of seven attenuated novobiocin- or ciprofloxacin-resistant Gram-negative isolates (A. hydrophila and E. tarda), only one (novobiocin-resistant E. tarda 30305) was found to safe and highly efficacious. When E. tarda 30305-novo vaccinated Nile tilapia were challenged by its virulent E. tarda 30305, relative percent of survival of vaccinated fish at 14- and 28-days post vaccination (dpv) was 100% and 92%, respectively. Similarly, E. tarda 30305-novo offered 100% protection to channel catfish against challenges with virulent parent isolate E. tarda 30305 at both 14- and 28-dpv. Our results suggest that the development of live attenuated bacterial vaccines that are safe and efficacious is challenging, although it is feasible. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Pridgeon, Julia W.; Klesius, Phillip H.; Yildirim-Aksoy, Mediha] ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, USDA, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. RP Pridgeon, JW (reprint author), ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, USDA, 990 Wire Rd, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM Julia.Pridgeon@ars.usda.gov FU USDA/ARS CRIS project [6420-32000-024-00D] FX We thank Drs. Dunhua Zhang (USDA-ARS) and Victor Panangala (USDA collaborator) for critical reviews of the manuscript. We thank Beth Peterman (USDA-ARS) for her excellent technical support. We also thank the management team of the Aquatic Animal Health Research Unit for daily care and management of the fish. This study was supported by the USDA/ARS CRIS project #6420-32000-024-00D. The use of trade, firm, or corporate names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture or the Agricultural Research Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. NR 30 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD APR 26 PY 2013 VL 31 IS 18 BP 2222 EP 2230 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.03.004 PG 9 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 135ZP UT WOS:000318329500002 PM 23499519 ER PT J AU Alejo, DM Moraes, MP Liao, XF Dias, CC Tulman, ER Diaz-San Segundo, F Rood, D Grubman, MJ Silbarte, LK AF Alejo, Diana M. Moraes, Mauro P. Liao, Xiaofen Dias, Camila C. Tulman, Edan R. Diaz-San Segundo, Fayna Rood, Debra Grubman, Marvin J. Silbarte, Lawrence K. TI An adenovirus vectored mucosal adjuvant augments protection of mice immunized intranasally with an adenovirus-vectored foot-and-mouth disease virus subunit vaccine SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Adenovirus; FMDV; Mucosal immunity; E. coli enterotoxin; Adjuvants; Mice ID HEAT-LABILE ENTEROTOXIN; ADP-RIBOSYLTRANSFERASE ACTIVITY; T-CELL RESPONSES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; PREEXISTING IMMUNITY; INFECTION; DELIVERY; FMDV; PROTEINS; SYSTEM AB Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is a highly contagious pathogen that causes severe morbidity and economic losses to the livestock industry in many countries. The oral and respiratory mucosae are the main ports of entry of FMDV, so the stimulation of local immunity in these tissues may help prevent initial infection and viral spread. E. coli heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) has been described as one of the few molecules that have adjuvant activity at mucosal surfaces. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of replication-defective adenovirus 5 (Ad5) vectors encoding either of two LT-based mucosal adjuvants, LTB or LTR72. These vectored adjuvants were delivered intranasally to mice concurrent with an Ad5-FMDV vaccine (Ad5-A24) to assess their ability to augment mucosal and systemic humoral immune responses to Ad5-A24 and protection against FMDV. Mice receiving Ad5-A24 plus Ad5-LTR72 had higher levels of mucosal and systemic neutralizing antibodies than those receiving Ad5-A24 alone or Ad5-A24 plus Ad5-LTB. The vaccine plus Ad5-LTR72 group also demonstrated 100% survival after intradermal challenge with a lethal dose of homologous FMDV serotype A24. These results suggest that Ad5-LTR72 could be used as an important tool to enhance mucosal and systemic immunity against FMDV and potentially other pathogens with a common route of entry. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Alejo, Diana M.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Anim Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Moraes, Mauro P.; Liao, Xiaofen; Tulman, Edan R.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Pathobiol & Vet Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Dias, Camila C.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, PIADC Res Participat Program, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Moraes, Mauro P.; Diaz-San Segundo, Fayna; Grubman, Marvin J.] ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, NAA, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. [Rood, Debra; Silbarte, Lawrence K.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Allied Hlth Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RP Silbarte, LK (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept Allied Hlth Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. EM Silbart@uconn.edu FU USDA-ARS [58-1940-5-520] FX We thank Marla Koster for her technical support in the development of the Ad5-mutants, Dr. T. Hoagland, R. Ramanathan, and Dr. R. Mancini for their help and advice in the statistical analysis of the data, and the Plum Island animal caretakers for their assistance with the care and handling of the animals. This work was supported by USDA-ARS under cooperative agreement 58-1940-5-520 to the University of Connecticut Center of Excellence for Vaccine Research. Any opinions, findings, conclusion, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 50 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD APR 26 PY 2013 VL 31 IS 18 BP 2302 EP 2309 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.02.060 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 135ZP UT WOS:000318329500013 PM 23499593 ER PT J AU Marcelo, KL Goldie, LC Hirschi, KK AF Marcelo, Kathrina L. Goldie, Lauren C. Hirschi, Karen K. TI Regulation of Endothelial Cell Differentiation and Specification SO CIRCULATION RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE arterio-venous specification; endothelial cells; hemogenic endothelium; lymphatic endothelium ID HEMATOPOIETIC STEM-CELLS; ARTERIAL-VENOUS DIFFERENTIATION; FORKHEAD TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; RETINOIC ACID SYNTHESIS; YOLK-SAC HEMATOPOIESIS; INHIBITS TUMOR-GROWTH; C-MYB GENE; VASCULAR DEVELOPMENT; TYROSINE KINASE; MOUSE EMBRYO AB The circulatory system is the first organ system to develop in the vertebrate embryo and is critical throughout gestation for the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to, as well as removal of metabolic waste products from, growing tissues. Endothelial cells, which constitute the luminal layer of all blood and lymphatic vessels, emerge de novo from the mesoderm in a process known as vasculogenesis. The vascular plexus that is initially formed is then remodeled and refined via proliferation, migration, and sprouting of endothelial cells to form new vessels from preexisting ones during angiogenesis. Mural cells are also recruited by endothelial cells to form the surrounding vessel wall. During this vascular remodeling process, primordial endothelial cells are specialized to acquire arterial, venous, and blood-forming hemogenic phenotypes and functions. A subset of venous endothelium is also specialized to become lymphatic endothelium later in development. The specialization of all endothelial cell subtypes requires extrinsic signals and intrinsic regulatory events, which will be discussed in this review. (Circ Res. 2013;112:1272-1287.) C1 [Marcelo, Kathrina L.] Baylor Coll Med, Interdept Program Dev Biol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Goldie, Lauren C.; Hirschi, Karen K.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Marcelo, Kathrina L.; Goldie, Lauren C.; Hirschi, Karen K.] Baylor Coll Med, Ctr Cell & Gene Therapy, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Marcelo, Kathrina L.; Goldie, Lauren C.; Hirschi, Karen K.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Hirschi, Karen K.] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Yale Cardiovasc Res Ctr, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. RP Hirschi, KK (reprint author), Yale Univ, Sch Med, Yale Cardiovasc Res Ctr, 300 George St, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. EM karen.hirschi@yale.edu FU National Institutes of Health (NIH) [R01-HL077675, R01-HL096360]; USDA/ARS [CRIS 6250 51000] FX These studies were supported by National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants R01-HL077675 and R01-HL096360 to K.K. Hirschi, and USDA/ARS CRIS 6250 51000 to K.K. Hirschi and L.C. Goldie. NR 187 TC 69 Z9 70 U1 2 U2 47 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7330 EI 1524-4571 J9 CIRC RES JI Circ.Res. PD APR 26 PY 2013 VL 112 IS 9 BP 1272 EP 1287 DI 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.113.300506 PG 16 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Hematology GA 132KA UT WOS:000318065200013 PM 23620236 ER PT J AU Youssef, RM MacDonald, MH Brewer, EP Bauchan, GR Kim, KH Matthews, BF AF Youssef, Reham M. MacDonald, Margaret H. Brewer, Eric P. Bauchan, Gary R. Kim, Kyung-Hwan Matthews, Benjamin F. TI Ectopic expression of AtPAD4 broadens resistance of soybean to soybean cyst and root-knot nematodes SO BMC PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Arabidopsis; Phytoalexin-deficient4; AtPAD4; Soybean; Nematodes; Salicylic acid; Plant defense ID PLANT-DISEASE RESISTANCE; SYSTEMIC ACQUIRED-RESISTANCE; GREEN PEACH APHID; SALICYLIC-ACID; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; DEFENSE RESPONSES; HETERODERA-GLYCINES; GENE-EXPRESSION; PAD4 ENCODES; PHYTOALEXIN-DEFICIENT4 AB Background: The gene encoding PAD4 (PHYTOALEXIN-DEFICIENT4) is required in Arabidopsis for expression of several genes involved in the defense response to Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola. AtPAD4 (Arabidopsis thaliana PAD4) encodes a lipase-like protein that plays a regulatory role mediating salicylic acid signaling. Results: We expressed the gene encoding AtPAD4 in soybean roots of composite plants to test the ability of AtPAD4 to deter plant parasitic nematode development. The transformed roots were challenged with two different plant parasitic nematode genera represented by soybean cyst nematode (SCN; Heterodera glycines) and root-knot nematode (RKN; Meloidogyne incognita). Expression of AtPAD4 in soybean roots decreased the number of mature SCN females 35 days after inoculation by 68 percent. Similarly, soybean roots expressing AtPAD4 exhibited 77 percent fewer galls when challenged with RKN. Conclusions: Our experiments show that AtPAD4 can be used in an economically important crop, soybean, to provide a measure of resistance to two different genera of nematodes. C1 [Youssef, Reham M.; MacDonald, Margaret H.; Brewer, Eric P.; Bauchan, Gary R.; Matthews, Benjamin F.] USDA ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Kim, Kyung-Hwan] Rural Dev Adm, Cell & Genet Div, Natl Inst Agr Biotechnol, Suwon 441100, South Korea. [Youssef, Reham M.] Fayoum Univ, Fac Agr, Plant Protect Dept, Al Fayyum, Egypt. RP Matthews, BF (reprint author), USDA ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 006, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM ben.matthews@ars.usda.gov RI Brewer, Eric/B-2982-2014 OI Brewer, Eric/0000-0003-2428-002X FU United Soybean Board [1292] FX The authors thank Susan Meyer, Ann Smigocki and Hua Lu for critical reading of the manuscript. DNA sequencing was performed by the Peter Van Berkum Laboratory, USDA-ARS Soybean Genomics & Improvement Laboratory. Financial support from United Soybean Board no. 1292 is gratefully acknowledged. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U. S. Department of Agriculture. The U. S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs). Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA's TARGET Center at (202)720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S. W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, or call (8000795-3272 (voice) or (202)720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 52 TC 13 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 27 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2229 J9 BMC PLANT BIOL JI BMC Plant Biol. PD APR 25 PY 2013 VL 13 AR 67 DI 10.1186/1471-2229-13-67 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 141AJ UT WOS:000318697300001 PM 23617694 ER PT J AU Li, SB Liu, L Zhuang, XH Yu, Y Liu, XG Cui, X Ji, LJ Pan, ZQ Cao, XF Mo, BX Zhang, FC Raikhel, N Jiang, LW Chen, XM AF Li, Shengben Liu, Lin Zhuang, Xiaohong Yu, Yu Liu, Xigang Cui, Xia Ji, Lijuan Pan, Zhiqiang Cao, Xiaofeng Mo, Beixin Zhang, Fuchun Raikhel, Natasha Jiang, Liwen Chen, Xuemei TI MicroRNAs Inhibit the Translation of Target mRNAs on the Endoplasmic Reticulum in Arabidopsis SO CELL LA English DT Article ID TRANS-ACTING SIRNAS; DECAPPING COMPLEX; BOUND RIBOSOMES; MIRNA ACTIVITY; FREE POLYSOMES; GENE; PROTEIN; PLANTS; REPRESSION; MUTATIONS AB Translation inhibition is a major but poorly understood mode of action of microRNAs (miRNAs) in plants and animals. In particular, the subcellular location where this process takes place is unknown. Here, we show that the translation inhibition, but not the mRNA cleavage activity, of Arabidopsis miRNAs requires ALTERED MERISTEM PROGRAM1 (AMP1). AMP1 encodes an integral membrane protein associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and ARGONAUTE1, the miRNA effector and a peripheral ER membrane protein. Large differences in polysome association of miRNA target RNAs are found between wild-type and the amp1 mutant for membrane-bound, but not total, polysomes. This, together with AMP1-independent recruitment of miRNA target transcripts to membrane fractions, shows that miRNAs inhibit the translation of target RNAs on the ER. This study demonstrates that translation inhibition is an important activity of plant miRNAs, reveals the subcellular location of this activity, and uncovers a previously unknown function of the ER. C1 [Li, Shengben; Liu, Lin; Yu, Yu; Liu, Xigang; Ji, Lijuan; Raikhel, Natasha; Chen, Xuemei] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Inst Integrat Genome Biol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Chen, Xuemei] Univ Calif Riverside, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Liu, Lin; Zhang, Fuchun] Xinjiang Univ, Coll Life Sci & Technol, Xinjiang Key Lab Biol Resources & Genet Engn, Urumqi 830046, Peoples R China. [Zhuang, Xiaohong; Jiang, Liwen] Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Sch Life Sci, Ctr Cell & Dev Biol, Shatin, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Yu, Yu; Mo, Beixin] Shenzhen Univ, Coll Life Sci, Shenzhen Key Lab Microbial Genet Engn, Shenzhen 518060, Peoples R China. [Cui, Xia; Cao, Xiaofeng] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Genet & Dev Biol, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Pan, Zhiqiang] Univ Mississippi, ARS, USDA, University, MS 38677 USA. RP Chen, XM (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Inst Integrat Genome Biol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM xuemei.chen@ucr.edu RI ZHUANG, Xiaohong/J-3915-2014; OI ZHUANG, Xiaohong/0000-0002-2480-8210; Ji, Lijuan/0000-0003-0678-6131 FU National Institutes of Health [GM061146]; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation [GBMF3046]; Research Grants Council of Hong Kong [CUHK466610, CUHK466011, CUHK2/CRF/11G]; National Science Foundation of China; China Scholarship Council FX We are grateful to Dr. Julia Bailey-Serres for technical advice on polysome profiling. We thank Drs. Kathryn Barton, Nam-Hai Chua, Daniel Kleibenstein, Elliot Meyerowitz, and Zhiyong Wang for sharing plasmids, seeds, or antibodies. We thank Julia Bailey-Serres, Theresa Dinh, Elizabeth Luscher, Kestrel Rogers, and Yuanyuan Zhao for comments on the manuscript. The work was funded by National Institutes of Health (GM061146) and by Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (through Grant GBMF3046) to X.Chen, by the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong (CUHK466610, CUHK466011, and CUHK2/CRF/11G) to L.J., and by National Science Foundation of China to X. Cao and B.M. L.L. was supported by a fellowship from China Scholarship Council. NR 56 TC 132 Z9 139 U1 9 U2 150 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0092-8674 J9 CELL JI Cell PD APR 25 PY 2013 VL 153 IS 3 BP 562 EP 574 DI 10.1016/j.cell.2013.04.005 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 132JK UT WOS:000318063500010 PM 23622241 ER PT J AU Brodersen, CR McElrone, AJ AF Brodersen, Craig R. McElrone, Andrew J. TI Maintenance of xylem network transport capacity: a review of embolism repair in vascular plants SO FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE embolism; xylem transport; drought tolerance; ecophysiology of plants; biophysics ID SUNFLOWER HELIANTHUS-ANNUUS; LEAF HYDRAULIC CONDUCTANCE; DISTANCE WATER TRANSPORT; IN-VIVO VISUALIZATIONS; LAURUS-NOBILIS; VITIS-VINIFERA; ROOT PRESSURE; POPULUS-TRICHOCARPA; DIURNAL DEPRESSION; SEASONAL-VARIATION AB Maintenance of long distance water transport in xylem is essential to plant health and productivity. Both biotic and abiotic environmental conditions lead to embolism formation within the xylem resulting in lost transport capacity and ultimately death. Plants exhibit a variety of strategies to either prevent or restore hydraulic capacity through cavitation resistance with specialized anatomy, replacement of compromised conduits with new growth, and a metabolically active embolism repair mechanism. In recent years, mounting evidence suggests that metabolically active cells surrounding the xylem conduits in some, but not all, species are capable of restoring hydraulic conductivity. This review summarizes our current understanding of the osmotically driven embolism repair mechanism, the known genetic and anatomical components related to embolism repair, rehydration pathways through the xylem, and the role of capacitance. Anatomical differences between functional plant groups may be one of the limiting factors that allow some plants to refill while others do not, but further investigations are necessary to fully understand this dynamic process. Finally, xylem networks should no longer be considered an assemblage of dead, empty conduits, but instead a metabolically active tissue finely tuned to respond to ever changing environmental cues. C1 [Brodersen, Craig R.] Univ Florida, Ctr Citrus Res & Educ, Dept Hort Sci, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. [McElrone, Andrew J.] USDA ARS, Crops Pathol Genet Res Unit, Davis, CA USA. [McElrone, Andrew J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Viticulture & Enol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Brodersen, CR (reprint author), Univ Florida, Ctr Citrus Res & Educ, Dept Hort Sci, 700 Expt Stn Rd, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. EM brodersen@ufl.edu RI Brodersen, Craig/J-1112-2016 OI Brodersen, Craig/0000-0002-0924-2570 NR 119 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 7 U2 77 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-462X J9 FRONT PLANT SCI JI Front. Plant Sci. PD APR 24 PY 2013 VL 4 DI 10.3389/fpls.2013.00108 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 291KX UT WOS:000329828700001 ER PT J AU Stec, AO Bhaskar, PB Bolon, YT Nolan, R Shoemaker, RC Vance, CP Stupar, RM AF Stec, Adrian O. Bhaskar, Pudota B. Bolon, Yung-Tsi Nolan, Rebecca Shoemaker, Randy C. Vance, Carroll P. Stupar, Robert M. TI Genomic heterogeneity and structural variation in soybean near isogenic lines SO FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE soybean; NIL; CGH; iron; heterogeneity ID IRON-DEFICIENCY CHLOROSIS; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCUS; GENES AB Near isogenic lines (NILs) are a critical genetic resource for the soybean research community. The ability to identify and characterize the genes driving the phenotypic differences between NILs is limited by the degree to which differential genetic introgressions can be resolved. Furthermore, the genetic heterogeneity extant among NIL sub-lines is an unaddressed research topic that might have implications for how genomic and phenotypic data from NILs are utilized. In this study, a recently developed high-resolution comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) platform was used to investigate the structure and diversity of genetic introgressions in two classical soybean NIL populations, respectively varying in protein content and iron deficiency chlorosis (IDC) susceptibility. There were three objectives: assess the capacity for CGH to resolve genomic introgressions, identify introgressions that are heterogeneous among NIL sub-lines, and associate heterogeneous introgressions with susceptibility to IDC. Using the CGH approach, introgression boundaries were refined and previously unknown introgressions were revealed. Furthermore, heterogeneous introgressions were identified within seven sub-lines of the IDC NIL "IsoClark." This included three distinct introgression haplotypes linked to the major iron susceptible locus on chromosome 03. A phenotypic assessment of the seven sub-lines did not reveal any differences in IDC susceptibility, indicating that the genetic heterogeneity among the lines does not have a significant impact on the primary NIL phenotype. C1 [Stec, Adrian O.; Bhaskar, Pudota B.; Bolon, Yung-Tsi; Vance, Carroll P.; Stupar, Robert M.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Nolan, Rebecca; Shoemaker, Randy C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA USA. [Nolan, Rebecca; Shoemaker, Randy C.] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA USA. [Vance, Carroll P.] USDA, Agr Res Ser, Plant Res Unit, St Paul, MN USA. RP Stupar, RM (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, 1991 Upper Buford Circle,411 Borlaug Hall, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM rstupar@umn.edu OI Stupar, Robert/0000-0002-8836-2924 FU United Soybean Board [1320-532-5688]; North Central Soybean Research Program [FAR-0020127] FX We are grateful to Gregory Peiffer for contributing his expertise to the hydroponic phenotyping. We are also grateful to Michael Kantar, Justin Anderson, and Thomas Kono for contributing statistical and computing expertise to this project. We thank the University of Minnesota BioMedical Genomics Center for processing the Golden Gate SNP assays. This work was supported by the United Soybean Board (project #1320-532-5688) and the North Central Soybean Research Program (project #FAR-0020127). NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-462X J9 FRONT PLANT SCI JI Front. Plant Sci. PD APR 24 PY 2013 VL 4 AR 104 DI 10.3389/fpls.2013.00104 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 291LM UT WOS:000329830200001 PM 23630538 ER PT J AU Cook, D Beaulieu, WT Mott, IW Riet-Correa, F Gardner, DR Grum, D Pfister, JA Clay, K Marcolongo-Pereira, C AF Cook, Daniel Beaulieu, Wesley T. Mott, Ivan W. Riet-Correa, Franklin Gardner, Dale R. Grum, Daniel Pfister, James A. Clay, Keith Marcolongo-Pereira, Clairton TI Production of the Alkaloid Swainsonine by a Fungal Endosymbiont of the Ascomycete Order Chaetothyriales in the Host Ipomoea carnea SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Ipomoea carnea; Convolvulaceae; secondary metabolites; indolizidine alkaloid; swainsonine; calystegines; endosymbiont; vertically transmitted; Chaetothyriales; locoweed; fungal endophyte ID ALPHA-MANNOSIDASE INHIBITOR; LYSOSOMAL STORAGE DISEASE; NEIGHBOR-JOINING METHOD; EMBELLISIA-OXYTROPIS; NORTHEASTERN BRAZIL; LOCOWEED; CONVOLVULACEAE; ENDOPHYTES; IDENTIFICATION; ASTRAGALUS AB Some plant species within the Convolvulaceae (morning glory family) from South America, Africa, and Australia cause a neurologic disease in grazing livestock caused by swainsonine. These convolvulaceous species including Ipomoea carnea contain the indolizidine alkaloid swainsonine, an inhibitor of alpha-mannosidase and mannosidase II, and polyhydroxy nortropane alkaloids, the calystegines which are glycosidase inhibitors. Swainsonine has been shown to be produced by a fungal endosymbiont in legumes of the Astragalus and Oxytropis genera, where it causes a similar neurologic disease in grazing livestock called locoism. Here we demonstrate that I. carnea plants are infected with a fungal endosymbiont that was cultured from its seeds and which produced swainsonine in pure culture but not the calystegines. The same fungal endosymbiont was detected by PCR and by culturing in I. carnea plants containing swainsonine. The fungal endosymbiont belongs to the Ascomycete order Chaetothyriales. Plants derived from fungicide-treated seeds lacked swainsonine, but calystegine concentrations were unaltered. C1 [Cook, Daniel; Gardner, Dale R.; Grum, Daniel; Pfister, James A.] ARS, USDA, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. [Beaulieu, Wesley T.; Clay, Keith] Indiana Univ, Dept Biol, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Mott, Ivan W.] ARS, USDA, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Riet-Correa, Franklin] Fed Univ Campina Grande UFCG, Vet Hosp, BR-58700000 Patos de Minas, Paraiba, Brazil. [Marcolongo-Pereira, Clairton] Univ Fed Pelotas, Sch Vet Med, BR-96010900 Rio Grande De Sul, Brazil. RP Cook, D (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, 1150 East 1400 North, Logan, UT 84341 USA. EM daniel.cook@ars.usda.gov RI Beaulieu, Wesley/A-9298-2013; Marcolongo-Pereira, Clairton/G-1567-2014 OI Beaulieu, Wesley/0000-0002-0082-1242; Marcolongo-Pereira, Clairton/0000-0002-5593-3110 FU INCT; CNPq [573535/2008-0]; CAPES [8638110]; Garden Club of America FX We thank Jessie Roper and Scott Larsen for technical assistance as well as Barry Stein and Rudy Turner of the Indiana Molecular Biology Institute for assistance with electron microscopy. Financial support for Franklin Riet-Correa was provided by INCT, for the control of plant poisonings, CNPq 573535/2008-0 and financial support for Clairton Marcolongo-Pereira was provided by CAPES no 8638110. Financial support for Wesley T. Beaulieu was provided by an Anne S. Chatham Fellowship in Medicinal Botany from the Garden Club of America. NR 45 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 39 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD APR 24 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 16 BP 3797 EP 3803 DI 10.1021/jf4008423 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 134IX UT WOS:000318204700005 PM 23547913 ER PT J AU White, BL Gokce, E Nepomuceno, AI Muddiman, DC Sanders, TH Davis, JP AF White, Brittany L. Goekce, Emine Nepomuceno, Angelito I. Muddiman, David C. Sanders, Timothy H. Davis, Jack P. TI Comparative Proteomic Analysis and IgE Binding Properties of Peanut Seed and Testa (Skin) SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE IgE binding; LC-MS/MS; peanut; proteomics; skins; testae ID ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY; ATOPIC-DERMATITIS; RBL-2H3 CELLS; LC-MS/MS; ALLERGEN; EXPRESSION; PROANTHOCYANIDINS; IDENTIFICATION; DEGRANULATION; PURIFICATION AB To investigate the protein composition and potential allergenicity of peanut testae or skins, proteome analysis was conducted using nanoLC-MS/MS sequencing. Initial amino acid analysis suggested differences in protein compositions between the blanched seed (skins removed) and skin. Phenolic compounds hindered analysis of proteins in skins when the conventional extraction method was used; therefore, phenol extraction of proteins was necessary. A total of 123 proteins were identified in blanched seed and skins, and 83 of the proteins were common between the two structures. The skins contained all of the known peanut allergens in addition to 38 proteins not identified in the seed. Multiple defense proteins with antifungal activity were identified in the skins. Western blotting using sera from peanut-allergic patients revealed that proteins extracted from both the blanched seed and skin bound significant levels of IgE. However, when phenolic compounds were present in the skin protein extract, no IgE binding was observed. These findings indicate that peanut skins contain potentially allergenic proteins; however, the presence of phenolic compounds may attenuate this effect. C1 [White, Brittany L.; Sanders, Timothy H.; Davis, Jack P.] ARS, Market Qual & Handling Res Unit, USDA, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Goekce, Emine; Nepomuceno, Angelito I.; Muddiman, David C.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem, WM Keck Fourier Transform Mass Spectrometry Lab, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP White, BL (reprint author), Dept Food Bioproc & Nutr Sci, 226 Schaub Hall, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM brittany.white@ars.usda.gov NR 53 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 36 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD APR 24 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 16 BP 3957 EP 3968 DI 10.1021/jf400184y PG 12 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 134IX UT WOS:000318204700025 PM 23534881 ER PT J AU Morgan, JK Luzio, GA Ammar, ED Hunter, WB Hall, DG Shatters, RG AF Morgan, J. Kent Luzio, Gary A. Ammar, El-Desouky Hunter, Wayne B. Hall, David G. Shatters, Robert G., Jr. TI Formation of Stylet Sheaths in aere (in air) from Eight Species of Phytophagous Hemipterans from Six Families (Suborders: Auchenorrhyncha and Sternorrhyncha) SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID FASCIATUS DALL HETEROPTERA; PLANT-SUCKING BUG; ELECTRICAL PENETRATION GRAPHS; GLASSY-WINGED SHARPSHOOTER; SALIVARY SECRETIONS; XYLELLA-FASTIDIOSA; FINE-STRUCTURE; APHID SALIVA; HOST PLANTS; CITRUS AB Stylet sheath formation is a common feature among phytophagous hemipterans. These sheaths are considered essential to promote a successful feeding event. Stylet sheath compositions are largely unknown and their mode of solidification remains to be elucidated. This report demonstrates the formation and solidification of in aere (in air) produced stylet sheaths by six hemipteran families: Diaphorina citri (Psyllidae, Asian citrus psyllid), Aphis nerii (Aphididae, oleander/milkweed aphid), Toxoptera citricida (Aphididae, brown citrus aphid), Aphis gossypii (Aphididae, cotton melon aphid), Bemisia tabaci biotype B (Aleyrodidae, whitefly), Homalodisca vitripennis (Cicadellidae, glassy-winged sharpshooter), Ferrisia virgata (Pseudococcidae, striped mealybug), and Protopulvinaria pyriformis (Coccidae, pyriform scale). Examination of in aere produced stylet sheaths by confocal and scanning electron microscopy shows a common morphology of an initial flange laid down on the surface of the membrane followed by continuous hollow core structures with sequentially stacked hardened bulbous droplets. Single and multi-branched sheaths were common, whereas mealybug and scale insects typically produced multi-branched sheaths. Micrographs of the in aere formed flanges indicate flange sealing upon stylet bundle extraction in D. citri and the aphids, while the B. tabaci whitefly and H. vitripennis glassy-winged sharpshooter flanges remain unsealed. Structural similarity of in aere sheaths are apparent in stylet sheaths formed in planta, in artificial diets, or in water. The use of 'Solvy', a dissolvable membrane, for intact stylet sheath isolation is reported. These observations illustrate for the first time this mode of stylet sheath synthesis adding to the understanding of stylet sheath formation in phytophagous hemipterans and providing tools for future use in structural and compositional analysis. C1 [Morgan, J. Kent; Luzio, Gary A.; Ammar, El-Desouky; Hunter, Wayne B.; Hall, David G.; Shatters, Robert G., Jr.] USDA ARS, United States Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL USA. RP Shatters, RG (reprint author), USDA ARS, United States Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL USA. EM robert.shatters@ars.usda.gov FU Citrus Research and Development Foundation (CRDF) [330] FX Funding for this work was provided by a Citrus Research and Development Foundation (CRDF) grant, CRDF Project # 330. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 39 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 49 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD APR 24 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 4 AR e62444 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0062444 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 136DE UT WOS:000318340400109 PM 23638086 ER EF