FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Sharma, BK Moser, BR Rajagopalan, N AF Sharma, Brajendra K. Moser, Bryan R. Rajagopalan, Nandakishore TI Fuels from pyrolysis of waste plastic SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Sharma, Brajendra K.; Rajagopalan, Nandakishore] Univ Illinois, Prairie Res Inst, Illinois Sustainable Technol Ctr, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. [Moser, Bryan R.] USDA ARS NCAUR, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM bksharma@illinois.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 426-ENFL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618403367 ER PT J AU Soares, JW Arcidiacono, S Capela, P Racicot, K Chen, CYO AF Soares, Jason W. Arcidiacono, Steven Capela, Paul Racicot, Kenneth Chen, C-Y Oliver TI In vitro fecal fermentation of cranberry A-type proanthocyanidins SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Soares, Jason W.; Arcidiacono, Steven; Racicot, Kenneth] US Army Natick Soldier Res, Dev & Engn Command, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Capela, Paul] Def Sci & Technol Org, Human Protect & Performance Div, Scottsdale, Tas 7260, Australia. [Chen, C-Y Oliver] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM jason.w.soares.civ@mail.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 186-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400254 ER PT J AU Suddaby, L Beulke, S van Beinum, W Celis, R Koskinen, W Kuet, S Oliver, R Brown, C AF Suddaby, Laura Beulke, Sabine van Beinum, Wendy Celis, Rafael Koskinen, William Kuet, Sui Oliver, Robin Brown, Colin TI Experiments and modelling to quantify irreversibility of pesticide sorption-desorption in soil SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Suddaby, Laura; Kuet, Sui; Oliver, Robin] Syngenta, Jealotts Hill Int Res Ctr, Bracknell, Berks, England. [Beulke, Sabine; van Beinum, Wendy] Food & Environm Res Agcy, York, N Yorkshire, England. [Celis, Rafael] CSIC, Sci Res Council, Inst Nat Resources & Agrobiol, E-41080 Seville, Spain. [Koskinen, William] ARS, Soil & Water Management Res Unit, USDA, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Brown, Colin] Univ York, Dept Environm, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. EM sabine.beulke@fera.gsi.gov.uk RI Celis, Rafael/D-8074-2012 OI Celis, Rafael/0000-0002-0548-0774 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 181-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400407 ER PT J AU Tunick, MH Iandola, SK Van Hekken, DL AF Tunick, Michael H. Iandola, Susan K. Van Hekken, Diane L. TI Comparison of methods for determining volatile compounds in cheese, milk, and whey powder SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Tunick, Michael H.; Iandola, Susan K.; Van Hekken, Diane L.] USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Dairy & Funct Foods Res Unit, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM michael.tunick@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 7-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400089 ER PT J AU Tunick, MM Tomasula, PM AF Tunick, Michael M. Tomasula, Peggy M. TI Dairy and functional foods research in the Agricultural Research Service SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Tunick, Michael M.; Tomasula, Peggy M.] ARS, Dairy & Funct Foods Res Unit, USDA, ERRC, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM michael.tunick@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 102-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400276 ER PT J AU Uchimiya, SM AF Uchimiya, Sophie Minori TI Fate of organic and inorganic contaminants in biochar amended soils SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Uchimiya, Sophie Minori] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM sophie.uchimiya@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 343-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618403795 ER PT J AU Walbridge, MR AF Walbridge, Mark R. TI Water availability and watershed management: Local solutions to global problems through USDA research SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Walbridge, Mark R.] ARS, Off Natl Programs, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM mark.walbridge@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 146-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618403615 ER PT J AU White, BL Gokce, E Nepomuceno, AI Muddiman, DC Sanders, TH Davis, JP AF White, Brittany L. Gokce, Emine Nepomuceno, Angelito I. Muddiman, David C. Sanders, Timothy H. Davis, Jack P. TI Proteomic analysis of differential protein expression and processing induced modifications in peanuts and peanut skins SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [White, Brittany L.; Sanders, Timothy H.; Davis, Jack P.] USDA ARS, Market Qual & Handling Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Gokce, Emine; Nepomuceno, Angelito I.; Muddiman, David C.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM brittany.white@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 13-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400095 ER PT J AU Widmer, WW AF Widmer, Wilbur W. TI Detection and quantification of terpene chlorohydrins in citrus oils by GC/MS SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Widmer, Wilbur W.] ARS, USDA, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. EM wilbur.widmer@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 125-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400195 ER PT J AU Williams, CO Potter, TL Lowrance, R Bosch, DD Strickland, T Williams, R AF Williams, Candiss O. Potter, Thomas L. Lowrance, Richard Bosch, David D. Strickland, Timothy Williams, Randall TI APEX sensitivity to atrazine dissipation rate on surface runoff loss within a coastal zone in southeastern Puerto Rico SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Williams, Candiss O.] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Kellogg Soil Survey Natl Lab, USDA, Lincoln, NE 68508 USA. [Potter, Thomas L.; Lowrance, Richard; Bosch, David D.; Strickland, Timothy; Williams, Randall] ARS, Southeast Watershed Res Lab, USDA, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. EM candiss.williams@lin.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 190-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400416 ER PT J AU Yadav, MP Zhang, F Luan, T Ding, K Zhang, HB AF Yadav, Madhav P. Zhang, Fei Luan, Tu Ding, Kang Zhang, Hongbin TI Corn fiber gum and its synergistic effect on the viscosity of other polysaccharides SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Yadav, Madhav P.] ARS, SBCP, USDA, ERRC, Philadelphia, PA 19038 USA. [Zhang, Fei; Luan, Tu; Ding, Kang; Zhang, Hongbin] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China. EM madhav.yadav@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 96-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400270 ER PT J AU Youngblood, JP Kirwan, K Coles, S Clark, A Sellars, A Amaya, JD Moon, R AF Youngblood, Jeffrey P. Kirwan, Kerry Coles, Stuart Clark, Andrew Sellars, Andrew Amaya, Jairo Diaz Moon, Robert TI Sustainable materials for the transportation sector SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Youngblood, Jeffrey P.; Amaya, Jairo Diaz; Moon, Robert] Purdue Univ, Sch Mat Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Kirwan, Kerry; Coles, Stuart] Univ Warwick, Warwick Mfg Grp, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Clark, Andrew; Sellars, Andrew] Univ Warwick, Dept Chem, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Moon, Robert] USFS, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM jpyoungb@purdue.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 75-POLY PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618406731 ER PT J AU Lee, RF Keremane, ML AF Lee, Richard F. Keremane, Manjunath L. TI Mild strain cross protection of tristeza: a review of research to protect against decline on sour orange in Florida SO FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE biological indexing; strain differentiation; serology; stem pitting; mild isolate selection ID TOXOPTERA-CITRICIDA; APHID TRANSMISSION; VIRUS; DIFFERENTIATION; SUPPRESSORS; RESISTANCE; SEQUENCES; GENES; CTV AB Tristeza, caused by Citrus tristeza virus (UN), has long been present in Florida but outbreaks of decline on sour orange rootstock were occasional events until the late 1970s. Sour orange rootstock was valued for the high quality of fruit produced and was widely used because of its tolerance of citrus blight, a disease of unknown etiology. Research was directed towards the selection and screening of mild strains of CTV which could protect against sour orange decline strains. Following the introduction of Toxoptera citricida (also known as the brown citrus aphid) in 1995 there was a greater concern for maintaining production of existing blocks of citrus on sour orange rootstock. Availability of the CTV genome sequence around the same time as well as molecular characterization of in planta CTV populations led to the selection of mild CTV isolates which when inoculated into existing field trees, extended the productive life of the groves and enabled a more graduate replanting of trees on CTV-tolerant rootstocks. The history of CTV in Florida and the methods developed to select mild isolates for use for mild strain cross protection will be reviewed. C1 [Lee, Richard F.; Keremane, Manjunath L.] ARS, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository Citrus & Dates, USDA, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Lee, RF (reprint author), ARS, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository Citrus & Dates, USDA, 1060 Martin Luther King, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM richard.lee@ars.usda.gov NR 81 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 26 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-302X J9 FRONT MICROBIOL JI Front. Microbiol. PD SEP 6 PY 2013 VL 4 AR 259 DI 10.3389/fmicb.2013.00259 PG 11 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AA9TN UT WOS:000331435900001 PM 24046764 ER PT J AU Oliferenko, PV Oliferenko, AA Poda, GI Osolodkin, DI Pillai, GG Bernier, UR Tsikolia, M Agramonte, NM Clark, GG Linthicum, KJ Katritzky, AR AF Oliferenko, Polina V. Oliferenko, Alexander A. Poda, Gennadiy I. Osolodkin, Dmitry I. Pillai, Girinath G. Bernier, Ulrich R. Tsikolia, Maia Agramonte, Natasha M. Clark, Gary G. Linthicum, Kenneth J. Katritzky, Alan R. TI Promising Aedes aegypti Repellent Chemotypes Identified through Integrated QSAR, Virtual Screening, Synthesis, and Bioassay SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ODORANT-BINDING-PROTEIN; OLFACTORY RECEPTOR NEURONS; MOSQUITO ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE; YELLOW-FEVER-MOSQUITO; CHEMICAL-STRUCTURE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; INSECT OLFACTION; FEMALE MOSQUITOS; MOLECULAR-BASIS; ESSENTIAL OILS AB Molecular field topology analysis, scaffold hopping, and molecular docking were used as complementary computational tools for the design of repellents for Aedes aegypti, the insect vector for yellow fever, chikungunya, and dengue fever. A large number of analogues were evaluated by virtual screening with Glide molecular docking software. This produced several dozen hits that were either synthesized or procured from commercial sources. Analysis of these compounds by a repellent bioassay resulted in a few highly active chemicals (in terms of minimum effective dosage) as viable candidates for further hit-to-lead and lead optimization effort. C1 [Oliferenko, Polina V.; Oliferenko, Alexander A.; Pillai, Girinath G.; Katritzky, Alan R.] Univ Florida, Dept Chem, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Poda, Gennadiy I.] Ontario Inst Canc Res, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Osolodkin, Dmitry I.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Chem, Moscow, Russia. [Pillai, Girinath G.] Univ Tartu, Inst Chem, EE-50090 Tartu, Estonia. [Bernier, Ulrich R.; Tsikolia, Maia; Agramonte, Natasha M.; Clark, Gary G.; Linthicum, Kenneth J.] ARS, USDA, CMAVE, Gainesville, FL USA. [Katritzky, Alan R.] King Abdulaziz Univ, Dept Chem, Jeddah 21413, Saudi Arabia. RP Bernier, UR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, CMAVE, Gainesville, FL USA. EM uli.bernier@ars.usda.gov; katritzky@chem.ufl.edu RI Osolodkin, Dmitry/D-6732-2011; Pillai, Girinath/C-6459-2009 OI Osolodkin, Dmitry/0000-0002-0462-2945; Pillai, Girinath/0000-0003-3770-9585 FU Deployed War-Fighter Protection Research Program; United States Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board; Ontario Ministry of Economic Development and Innovation, Ontario, Canada FX This work was partly supported by the Deployed War-Fighter Protection Research Program and funded by the United States Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board. Funding for OICR is provided by the Ontario Ministry of Economic Development and Innovation, Ontario, Canada. No additional external funding received for this study. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 74 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 6 U2 29 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 6 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 9 AR UNSP e64547 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0064547 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 224BO UT WOS:000324856500001 PM 24039693 ER PT J AU Boncristiani, HF Evans, JD Chen, YP Pettis, J Murphy, C Lopez, DL Simone-Finstrom, M Strand, M Tarpy, DR Rueppell, O AF Boncristiani, Humberto F. Evans, Jay D. Chen, Yanping Pettis, Jeff Murphy, Charles Lopez, Dawn L. Simone-Finstrom, Michael Strand, Micheline Tarpy, David R. Rueppell, Olav TI In Vitro Infection of Pupae with Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus Suggests Disturbance of Transcriptional Homeostasis in Honey Bees (Apis mellifera) SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID COLONY COLLAPSE DISORDER; GENE-EXPRESSION; RIBOSOME BIOGENESIS; VARROA-JACOBSONI; QUANTITATIVE-PCR; RNA; APOPTOSIS; LOSSES; CELLS; POLIOVIRUS AB The ongoing decline of honey bee health worldwide is a serious economic and ecological concern. One major contributor to the decline are pathogens, including several honey bee viruses. However, information is limited on the biology of bee viruses and molecular interactions with their hosts. An experimental protocol to test these systems was developed, using injections of Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus (IAPV) into honey bee pupae reared ex-situ under laboratory conditions. The infected pupae developed pronounced but variable patterns of disease. Symptoms varied from complete cessation of development with no visual evidence of disease to rapid darkening of a part or the entire body. Considerable differences in IAPV titer dynamics were observed, suggesting significant variation in resistance to IAPV among and possibly within honey bee colonies. Thus, selective breeding for virus resistance should be possible. Gene expression analyses of three separate experiments suggest IAPV disruption of transcriptional homeostasis of several fundamental cellular functions, including an up-regulation of the ribosomal biogenesis pathway. These results provide first insights into the mechanisms of IAPV pathogenicity. They mirror a transcriptional survey of honey bees afflicted with Colony Collapse Disorder and thus support the hypothesis that viruses play a critical role in declining honey bee health. C1 [Boncristiani, Humberto F.; Rueppell, Olav] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol, Greensboro, NC 27412 USA. [Evans, Jay D.; Chen, Yanping; Pettis, Jeff; Lopez, Dawn L.] USDA ARS, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Murphy, Charles] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD USA. [Simone-Finstrom, Michael; Tarpy, David R.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Entomol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Strand, Micheline] US Army Res Off, Div Life Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Boncristiani, HF (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol, Greensboro, NC 27412 USA. EM humbfb@gmail.com RI Rueppell, Olav/G-2679-2010; Evans, Jay/C-8408-2012 OI Rueppell, Olav/0000-0001-5370-4229; Evans, Jay/0000-0002-0036-4651 FU USDA-ARS Headquarters Postdoctoral Research Associate Program Grant; National Academy of Science; UNCG; US National Institute of Food and Agriculture AFRI grant [2010-65104-20533] FX The work was supported by the USDA-ARS Headquarters Postdoctoral Research Associate Program Grant and The National Academy of Science for the NRC fellowship grant to HFB and by UNCG and a US National Institute of Food and Agriculture AFRI grant (#2010-65104-20533) to OR. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 78 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 40 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 5 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 9 AR e73429 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0073429 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 219CG UT WOS:000324481600076 PM 24039938 ER PT J AU Heslot, N Rutkoski, J Poland, J Jannink, JL Sorrells, ME AF Heslot, Nicolas Rutkoski, Jessica Poland, Jesse Jannink, Jean-Luc Sorrells, Mark E. TI Impact of Marker Ascertainment Bias on Genomic Selection Accuracy and Estimates of Genetic Diversity SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; ARRAYS TECHNOLOGY DART; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; QUANTITATIVE TRAITS; F-STATISTICS; PREDICTION; PACKAGE AB Genome-wide molecular markers are often being used to evaluate genetic diversity in germplasm collections and for making genomic selections in breeding programs. To accurately predict phenotypes and assay genetic diversity, molecular markers should assay a representative sample of the polymorphisms in the population under study. Ascertainment bias arises when marker data is not obtained from a random sample of the polymorphisms in the population of interest. Genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) is rapidly emerging as a low-cost genotyping platform, even for the large, complex, and polyploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genome. With GBS, marker discovery and genotyping occur simultaneously, resulting in minimal ascertainment bias. The previous platform of choice for whole-genome genotyping in many species such as wheat was DArT (Diversity Array Technology) and has formed the basis of most of our knowledge about cereals genetic diversity. This study compared GBS and DArT marker platforms for measuring genetic diversity and genomic selection (GS) accuracy in elite U.S. soft winter wheat. From a set of 365 breeding lines, 38,412 single nucleotide polymorphism GBS markers were discovered and genotyped. The GBS SNPs gave a higher GS accuracy than 1,544 DArT markers on the same lines, despite 43.9% missing data. Using a bootstrap approach, we observed significantly more clustering of markers and ascertainment bias with DArT relative to GBS. The minor allele frequency distribution of GBS markers had a deficit of rare variants compared to DArT markers. Despite the ascertainment bias of the DArT markers, GS accuracy for three traits out of four was not significantly different when an equal number of markers were used for each platform. This suggests that the gain in accuracy observed using GBS compared to DArT markers was mainly due to a large increase in the number of markers available for the analysis. C1 [Heslot, Nicolas; Rutkoski, Jessica; Jannink, Jean-Luc; Sorrells, Mark E.] Cornell Univ, Dept Genet & Plant Breeding, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Jannink, Jean-Luc] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, RW Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Poland, Jesse] Kansas State Univ, USDA ARS, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res,Northern Plains Area, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Heslot, Nicolas] Limagrain Europe, Chappes, France. RP Sorrells, ME (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Genet & Plant Breeding, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM mes12@cornell.edu OI Rutkoski, Jessica/0000-0001-8435-4049; Poland, Jesse/0000-0002-7856-1399 FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; USDA-NIFA-AFRI [2011-68002-30029]; Hatch project [149-449] FX This research was supported in part by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (Durable Rust Resistance in Wheat), USDA-NIFA-AFRI grant award number 2011-68002-30029 and by Hatch project 149-449. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 35 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 2 U2 38 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 5 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 9 AR UNSP e74612 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0074612 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 219CG UT WOS:000324481600138 PM 24040295 ER PT J AU Samuels, DJ Frye, JG Porwollik, S McClelland, M Mrazek, J Hoover, TR Karls, AC AF Samuels, David J. Frye, Jonathan G. Porwollik, Steffen McClelland, Michael Mrazek, Jan Hoover, Timothy R. Karls, Anna C. TI Use of a promiscuous, constitutively-active bacterial enhancer-binding protein to define the sigma(54) (RpoN) regulon of Salmonella Typhimurium LT2 SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Sigma54; RpoN; Bacterial enhancer-binding protein; Regulon; Sigma factor; Salmonella ID ENTERICA SEROVAR TYPHIMURIUM; MICROARRAY DATA-ANALYSIS; GENOME-WIDE ANALYSIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; RNA-POLYMERASE; TRANSCRIPTION INITIATION; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; GLUTAMINE-SYNTHETASE; HELICOBACTER-PYLORI; STRUCTURAL BASIS AB Background: Sigma54, or RpoN, is an alternative sigma factor found widely in eubacteria. A significant complication in analysis of the global sigma(54) regulon in a bacterium is that the sigma(54) RNA polymerase holoenzyme requires interaction with an active bacterial enhancer-binding protein (bEBP) to initiate transcription at a sigma(54)-dependent promoter. Many bacteria possess multiple bEBPs, which are activated by diverse environmental stimuli. In this work, we assess the ability of a promiscuous, constitutively-active bEBP-the AAA+ ATPase domain of DctD from Sinorhizobium meliloti-to activate transcription from all sigma(54)-dependent promoters for the characterization of the sigma(54) regulon of Salmonella Typhimurium LT2. Results: The AAA+ ATPase domain of DctD was able to drive transcription from nearly all previously characterized or predicted sigma(54)-dependent promoters in Salmonella under a single condition. These promoters are controlled by a variety of native activators and, under the condition tested, are not transcribed in the absence of the DctD AAA+ ATPase domain. We also identified a novel sigma(54)-dependent promoter upstream of STM2939, a homolog of the cas1 component of a CRISPR system. ChIP-chip analysis revealed at least 70 sigma(54) binding sites in the chromosome, of which 58% are located within coding sequences. Promoter-lacZ fusions with selected intragenic sigma(54) binding sites suggest that many of these sites are capable of functioning as sigma(54)-dependent promoters. Conclusion: Since the DctD AAA+ ATPase domain proved effective in activating transcription from the diverse sigma(54)-dependent promoters of the S. Typhimurium LT2 sigma(54) regulon under a single growth condition, this approach is likely to be valuable for examining sigma(54) regulons in other bacterial species. The S. Typhimurium sigma(54) regulon included a high number of intragenic sigma(54) binding sites/promoters, suggesting that sigma(54) may have multiple regulatory roles beyond the initiation of transcription at the start of an operon. C1 [Samuels, David J.; Mrazek, Jan; Hoover, Timothy R.; Karls, Anna C.] Univ Georgia, Dept Microbiol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Frye, Jonathan G.] ARS, USDA, Bacterial Epidemiol & Antimicrobial Resistance Re, Richard B Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Porwollik, Steffen; McClelland, Michael] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Mrazek, Jan] Univ Georgia, Inst Bioinformat, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Karls, AC (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Microbiol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM akarls@uga.edu RI Frye, Jonathan/I-6382-2013; OI Frye, Jonathan/0000-0002-8500-3395; Hoover, Timothy/0000-0003-1101-8030 FU National Science Foundation [MCB-1051175, DBI-0950266]; NIH from PATRIC [HHSN272200900040C]; NIH [AI039557, AI052237, AI073971, AI075093, AI077645, AI083646]; USDA [2009-03579 -30127, 2011-67017-30127]; Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund FX We would like to thank the following people for their assistance on this project: Ashley Bono, Uchenna Ewulonu, and Trevor Wright generated reporter constructs. Tanya Grancharova sub-cloned DctD250. Sonya Chelliah performed ChIP pull-downs. Jennifer Turpin prepared and applied cDNA to the microarrays. This work was supported by National Science Foundation Grant MCB-1051175 (to T. R. H. and A. C. K.). MM and SP were supported in part by NIH Contract No. HHSN272200900040C from PATRIC and grants AI039557 AI052237, AI073971, AI075093, AI077645 AI083646, USDA grants 2009-03579 -30127 and 2011-67017-30127, the Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund. JM was supported in part by the National Science Foundation grant DBI-0950266. NR 74 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 9 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD SEP 5 PY 2013 VL 14 AR 602 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-14-602 PG 18 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 215MC UT WOS:000324213300002 PM 24007446 ER PT J AU Evans-Johnson, JA Garlick, JA Johnson, EJ Wang, XD Chen, CYO AF Evans-Johnson, Julie A. Garlick, Jonathan A. Johnson, Elizabeth J. Wang, Xiang-Dong Chen, C. -Y. Oliver TI A pilot study of the photoprotective effect of almond phytochemicals in a 3D human skin equivalent SO JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Antioxidant; UVA; Human skin equivalent; Tocopherol; Polyphenol ID HUMAN RECONSTITUTED SKIN; INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS; ULTRAVIOLET-RADIATION; IN-VITRO; ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL; VITAMIN-E; HAIRLESS MOUSE; LIGHT UVA; DAMAGE; ANTIOXIDANTS AB UV exposure causes oxidative stress, inflammation, erythema, and skin cancer. alpha-Tocopherol (AT) and polyphenols (AP) present in almonds may serve as photoprotectants. Our objectives were to assess the feasibility of using a 3D human skin equivalent (HSE) in photoprotectant research and to determine photoprotection of AT and AP against UVA radiation. AT or AP was applied to medium (25 and 5 mu mol/L, respectively) or topically (1 mg/cm(2) and 14 mu g/cm(2)), followed by UVA. Photodamage assessed 96 h post UVA included HSE morphology, keratinocyte proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. UVA induced disorganization of basal layer, alteration of epidermal development, and fibroblast loss which were alleviated by all nutrient pretreatments. UVA significantly decreased keratinocyte proliferation compared to controls, and all pretreatments tended to negate the reduction though only the medium AT effect was statistically significant (p <= 0.05). UVA led to a significant 16-fold increase in apoptosis of fibroblasts compared to the control which was alleviated by topical AP pretreatment and completely negated by topical AT (p <= 0.05). In conclusion, we validated the feasibility of using HSE in evaluation of photoprotectants and found that AT and AP, applied to medium or topically, provided some degree of photoprotection against UVA. (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Evans-Johnson, Julie A.; Johnson, Elizabeth J.; Wang, Xiang-Dong; Chen, C. -Y. Oliver] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Garlick, Jonathan A.] Tufts Univ, Div Canc Biol & Tissue Engn, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Chen, CYO (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM oliver.chen@tufts.edu FU Almond Board of California; US Department of Agriculture (USDA)/Agricultural Research Service [58-1950-7-707] FX This work was supported by the Almond Board of California and the US Department of Agriculture (USDA)/Agricultural Research Service (Cooperative Agreement No. 58-1950-7-707). J.A.E.-J. conducted the experiments, performed statistical analysis, and prepared the manuscript. J.A.G. contributed to study design, data interpretation, and manuscript preparation. E.J.J. contributed to study design, data interpretation, and manuscript preparation. X.-D.W. contributed to data interpretation and manuscript preparation. C.-Y.O.C. contributed to study design, statistical analysis, data interpretation, and manuscript preparation. All authors have no conflict of interest to declare. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USDA nor does mention of trade names, commercial products or organizations imply endorsement by the US government. All authors have no conflicts of interest. NR 43 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 1011-1344 J9 J PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO B JI J. Photochem. Photobiol. B-Biol. PD SEP 5 PY 2013 VL 126 BP 17 EP 25 DI 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2013.07.006 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 217IC UT WOS:000324352200003 PM 23892186 ER PT J AU Hoekenga, OA Srinivasan, J Barry, G Bartholomaeus, A AF Hoekenga, Owen A. Srinivasan, Jannavi Barry, Gerard Bartholomaeus, Andrew TI Compositional Analysis of Genetically Modified (GM) Crops: Key Issues and Future Needs SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE genetically modified; transgenic; breeding; safety assessment; appropriate comparator; unintended effects; inherent variability ID GENOME AB Effective symposia need two strong legs to stand upon: informative presentations of recent research paired with lively discussion of these topics. Although it is easy for the organizers of a symposium to predict the usefulness of the former, as they select the speakers and their topic areas, guaranteeing productive discussion is a far more difficult task. For the Crop Composition Workshop sponsored by the International Life Sciences Institutes Committee on Food and Biotechnology (ILSI IFBIC), the organizers scheduled four roundtable discussions with preselected questions and with rapporteurs drawn from governmental organizations and public-sector research institutes (the authors). It was also the organizers intent to let these discussions flow on the basis of the experiences of the participants and pressing issues within the overall debate on the role of crop compositional analysis within safety assessment of biotechnology as it exists now and in the future. The goal of this perspective is to summarize the issues raised, providing references when possible, and to describe the consensus statements reached through the course of these discussions. C1 [Hoekenga, Owen A.] ARS, USDA, Ithaca, NY USA. [Srinivasan, Jannavi] US FDA, College Pk, MD USA. [Barry, Gerard] Int Rice Res Inst, Manila 1099, Philippines. [Bartholomaeus, Andrew] Univ Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Bartholomaeus, Andrew] Univ Queensland, Canberra, ACT, Australia. RP Hoekenga, OA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ithaca, NY USA. EM ifbic@ilsi.org RI Bartholomaeus, Andrew/F-4417-2014 OI Bartholomaeus, Andrew/0000-0002-9095-8460 NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 39 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD SEP 4 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 35 BP 8248 EP 8253 DI 10.1021/jf401141r PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 240WU UT WOS:000326129200002 PM 23746303 ER PT J AU Flint-Garcia, SA AF Flint-Garcia, Sherry A. TI Genetics and Consequences of Crop Domestication SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review DE genetic diversity; artificial selection; maize; teosinte; breeding ID ASSOCIATION MAPPING POPULATION; WESTERN CORN-ROOTWORM; MAIZE KERNEL COMPOSITION; BEAN PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS; GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; SOYBEAN GLYCINE-MAX; ZEA-MAYS L.; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; FLOWERING TIME; ARTIFICIAL SELECTION AB Phenotypic variation has been manipulated by humans during crop domestication, which occurred primarily between 3000 and 10000 years ago in the various centers of origin around the world. The process of domestication has profound consequences on crops, where the domesticate has moderately reduced genetic diversity relative to the wild ancestor across the genome, and severely reduced diversity for genes targeted by domestication. The question that remains is whether reduction in genetic diversity has affected crop production today. A case study in maize (Zea mays) demonstrates the application of understanding relationships between genetic diversity and phenotypic diversity in the wild ancestor and the domesticate. As an outcrossing species, maize has tremendous genetic variation. The complementary combination of genome-wide association mapping (GWAS) approaches, large HapMap data sets, and germplasm resources is leading to important discoveries of the relationship between genetic diversity and phenotypic variation and the impact of domestication on trait variation. C1 Univ Missouri, ARS, USDA, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Flint-Garcia, SA (reprint author), Univ Missouri, ARS, USDA, 301 Curtis Hall, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM Sherry.Flint-Garcia@ars.usda.gov NR 136 TC 15 Z9 19 U1 5 U2 74 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD SEP 4 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 35 BP 8267 EP 8276 DI 10.1021/jf305511d PG 10 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 240WU UT WOS:000326129200005 PM 23718780 ER PT J AU Zhang, HJ Bartley, GE Zhang, H Jing, W Fagerquis, CK Zhong, F Yokoyama, W AF Zhang, Huijuan Bartley, Glenn E. Zhang, Hui Jing, Wang Fagerquis, Clifton K. Zhong, Fang Yokoyama, Wallace TI Peptides Identified in Soybean Protein Increase Plasma Cholesterol in Mice on Hypercholesterolemic Diets SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE soybean protein; micellar solution; peptides; mice; cholesterol; bile acid ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; SOY PROTEIN; GENE-EXPRESSION; HEPATIC LIPASE; HAMSTERS; RATS; BILE; METABOLISM; ABSORPTION; EXCRETION AB The in vitro micellar cholesterol displacement assay has been used to identify peptides that may potentially reduce cholesterol in vivo. Two of these peptides, LPYPR and WGAPSL, derived from soybean protein (SP) that have been reported to displace cholesterol from micelles were tested by feeding them as a part of a hypercholesterolemic diet to mice for 3 weeks. Except reduction of very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) and triglyceride contents, the peptide-containing diets increased plasma cholesterol content with the increasing dose of the peptides. Mice fed diets supplemented with the peptides also had lower fecal bile acid excretion. Negative correlations between fecal bile acid excretion and plasma total cholesterol content (r = -0.876, P = 0.062) and non-HDL-C content (r = -0.831, P = 0.084) were observed. The mRNA levels of the genes for cholesterol and bile acid metabolism, CYP51, LDLR, CYP7A1, and LPL, were up-regulated in mice fed diets supplemented with peptides except the group fed the low dose of WGAPSL. The results suggested that higher plasma total cholesterol content possibly due to lower fecal steroid excretion as well as lower VLDL-C and triglyceride contents might due to the up-regulated expression levels of the genes CYP51, LDLR, and LPL. C1 [Zhang, Huijuan; Jing, Wang] Beijing Technol & Business Univ, Beijing Higher Inst Engn, Ctr Food Addit & Ingredients, Beijing 100048, Peoples R China. [Bartley, Glenn E.; Fagerquis, Clifton K.; Yokoyama, Wallace] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA USA. [Zhang, Hui; Zhong, Fang] Jiangnan Univ, Sch Food Sci & Technol, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. RP Yokoyama, W (reprint author), ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA USA. EM Wally.Yokoyama@ars.usda.gov FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31271976]; Being Jing Technology and Business University [QNJJ20123-21]; National "Twelfth Five-Year" Plan for Science Technology [2012BAD34B05] FX This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31271976), Initial Funding for Young Teachers of Being Jing Technology and Business University (QNJJ20123-21), and National "Twelfth Five-Year" Plan for Science & Technology (2012BAD34B05). NR 36 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 25 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD SEP 4 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 35 BP 8389 EP 8395 DI 10.1021/jf4022288 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 240WU UT WOS:000326129200019 PM 23937379 ER PT J AU Boue, SM Shih, BY Burow, ME Eggleston, G Lingle, S Pan, YB Daigle, K Bhatnagar, D AF Boue, Stephen M. Shih, Betty Y. Burow, Matthew E. Eggleston, Gillian Lingle, Sarah Pan, Yong-Bao Daigle, Kim Bhatnagar, Deepak TI Postharvest Accumulation of Resveratrol and Piceatannol in Sugarcane with Enhanced Antioxidant Activity SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE piceatannol; resveratrol; stilbene; sugarcane; total phenolic content; antioxidant activity ID STILBENE SYNTHASE GENE; TRANS-RESVERATROL; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; POTENT INDUCER; UV-IRRADIATION; TABLE GRAPES; LIFE-SPAN; PHYTOALEXIN; SORGHUM; PICEID AB A new plant source, sugarcane, was used to produce the stilbenes piceatannol and resveratrol. Both stilbenes were identified in sugarcane billet stalks (12 mm) after incubation at room temperature for 3 days. Low concentrations of piceatannol (30.6 mu g/g) and resveratrol (12.3 mu g/g) were detected at day 3. At day 7 of incubation higher concentrations of piceatannol (1659 mu g/g) and resveratrol (73 mu g/g) were produced. Sugarcane juice obtained from billets that were incubated for 7 days contained high levels of piceatannol (8.5 mg/L) and resveratrol (1.2 mg/L). Although high stilbene concentrations were determined in the sugarcane variety L 97-128, two other varieties (Ho 95-988 and LCP 85-384) displayed lower stilbene concentrations after incubation for 7 days. The total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activities of incubated sugarcane extracts were determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). The TPC and antioxidant activities were highest in sugarcane extracts that were incubated for 7 days. This study details a postharvest method to produce stilbene-enriched sugarcane with increased levels of piceatannol and resveratrol. C1 [Boue, Stephen M.; Shih, Betty Y.; Eggleston, Gillian; Lingle, Sarah; Daigle, Kim; Bhatnagar, Deepak] ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Burow, Matthew E.] Tulane Univ, Sch Med, Sect Hematol & Med Oncol, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. [Pan, Yong-Bao] ARS, Sugarcane Res Unit, USDA, Houma, LA 70360 USA. RP Boue, SM (reprint author), ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM steve.boue@ars.usda.gov NR 64 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD SEP 4 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 35 BP 8412 EP 8419 DI 10.1021/jf4020087 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 240WU UT WOS:000326129200022 PM 23931742 ER PT J AU Liu, LS Li, C Su, BF Beck, BH Peatman, E AF Liu, Lisa Li, Chao Su, Baofeng Beck, Benjamin H. Peatman, Eric TI Short-Term Feed Deprivation Alters Immune Status of Surface Mucosa in Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID SALMON SALMO-SALAR; TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; INTESTINAL ALKALINE-PHOSPHATASE; AEROMONAS-HYDROPHILA INFECTION; BASS DICENTRARCHUS-LABRAX; RNA-SEQ DATA; RAINBOW-TROUT; FLAVOBACTERIUM-COLUMNARE; PEPTIDE TRANSPORTER; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION AB Short-term feed deprivation (or fasting) is a common occurrence in aquacultured fish species whether due to season, production strategies, or disease. In channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) fasting impacts susceptibility to several bacterial pathogens including Flavobacterium columnare, the causative agent of columnaris disease. As columnaris gains entry through the gills and skin of fish, we examined here changes in transcriptional regulation induced in these surface mucosal tissues due to short-term (7 day) fasting. RNA-seq expression analysis revealed a total of 1,545 genes perturbed by fasting. Fasting significantly altered expression of critical innate immune factors in a manner consistent with lower immune fitness as well as dysregulating key genes involved in energy metabolism and cell cycling/proliferation. Downregulation of innate immune actors such as iNOS2b, Lysozyme C, and peptidoglycan recognition protein 6 is predicted to impact the delicate recognition/tolerance balance for commensal and pathogenic bacteria on the skin and gill. The highlighted expression profiles reveal potential mechanistic similarities between gut and surface mucosa and underscore the complex interrelationships between nutrition, mucosal integrity, and immunity in teleost fish. C1 [Li, Chao; Su, Baofeng; Peatman, Eric] Auburn Univ, Dept Fisheries & Allied Aquacultures, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Beck, Benjamin H.] ARS, USDA, Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR USA. [Liu, Lisa] Cornell Univ, Coll Arts & Sci, Dept Chem & Chem Biol, Ithaca, NY USA. RP Peatman, E (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Fisheries & Allied Aquacultures, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM peatmer@auburn.edu OI Liu, Lisa/0000-0003-1506-2370 NR 68 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 14 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 4 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 9 AR e74581 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0074581 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 219OE UT WOS:000324515600147 PM 24023952 ER PT J AU Dafoe, NJ Thomas, JD Shirk, PD Legaspi, ME Vaughan, MM Huffaker, A Teal, PE Schmelz, EA AF Dafoe, Nicole J. Thomas, James D. Shirk, Paul D. Legaspi, Michelle E. Vaughan, Martha M. Huffaker, Alisa Teal, Peter E. Schmelz, Eric A. TI European Corn Borer (Ostrinia nubilalis) Induced Responses Enhance Susceptibility in Maize SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PLANT-DEFENSE; RICE PLANTS; PROTEINASE-INHIBITOR; PERITROPHIC MATRIX; INSECT HERBIVORES; CYSTEINE PROTEASE; ORAL SECRETIONS; JASMONIC ACID; ATP SYNTHASE; GENE FAMILY AB Herbivore-induced plant responses have been widely described following attack on leaves; however, less attention has been paid to analogous local processes that occur in stems. Early studies of maize (Zea mays) responses to stem boring by European corn borer (ECB, Ostrinia nubilalis) larvae revealed the presence of inducible acidic diterpenoid phytoalexins, termed kauralexins, and increases in the benzoxazinoid 2-hydroxy-4,7-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoxazin- 3-one-glucose (HDMBOA-Glc) after 24 h of herbivory. Despite these rapidly activated defenses, larval growth was not altered in short-term feeding assays. Unexpectedly, ECB growth significantly improved in assays using stem tissue preconditioned by 48 h of larval tunneling. Correspondingly, measures of total soluble protein increased over 2.6-fold in these challenged tissues and were accompanied by elevated levels of sucrose and free linoleic acid. While microarray analyses revealed up-regulation of over 1100 transcripts, fewer individual protein increases were demonstrable. Consistent with induced endoreduplication, both wounding and ECB stem attack resulted in similar significant expansion of the nucleus, nucleolus and levels of extractable DNA from challenged tissues. While many of these responses are triggered by wounding alone, biochemical changes further enhanced in response to ECB may be due to larval secreted effectors. Unlike other Lepidoptera examined, ECB excrete exceedingly high levels of the auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in their frass which is likely to contact and contaminate the surrounding feeding tunnel. Stem exposure to a metabolically stable auxin, such as 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), promoted significant protein accumulation above wounding alone. As a future testable hypothesis, we propose that ECB-associated IAA may function as a candidate herbivore effector promoting the increased nutritional content of maize stems. C1 [Dafoe, Nicole J.; Shirk, Paul D.; Vaughan, Martha M.; Huffaker, Alisa; Teal, Peter E.; Schmelz, Eric A.] USDA, ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL USA. [Thomas, James D.] Univ Florida, Ctr Neurogenet, Dept Mol Genet & Microbiol, Gainesville, FL USA. [Legaspi, Michelle E.] Yale Univ, Dept Chem, New Haven, CT USA. RP Schmelz, EA (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL USA. EM eric.schmelz@ars.usda.gov OI Schmelz, Eric/0000-0002-2837-734X FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [6615-22430-002-00D] FX This work was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service base funds directed to CRIS project number 6615-22430-002-00D. The funders had no role in data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 90 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 71 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 2 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 9 AR UNSP e73394 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0073394 PG 18 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 215VH UT WOS:000324238400064 PM 24023868 ER PT J AU Zheng, LY Crippen, TL Holmes, L Singh, B Pimsler, ML Benbow, ME Tarone, AM Dowd, S Yu, ZN Vanlaerhoven, SL Wood, TK Tomberlin, JK AF Zheng, Longyu Crippen, Tawni L. Holmes, Leslie Singh, Baneshwar Pimsler, Meaghan L. Benbow, M. Eric Tarone, Aaron M. Dowd, Scot Yu, Ziniu Vanlaerhoven, Sherah L. Wood, Thomas K. Tomberlin, Jeffery K. TI Bacteria Mediate Oviposition by the Black Soldier Fly, Hermetia illucens (L.), (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID DIVERSE GENUS GORDONIA; POSTMORTEM INTERVAL; FLIES DIPTERA; LUCILIA-SERICATA; HOUSE-FLIES; LARVAE; IDENTIFICATION; CALLIPHORIDAE; COMMUNITIES; TEMPERATURE AB There can be substantial negative consequences for insects colonizing a resource in the presence of competitors. We hypothesized that bacteria, associated with an oviposition resource and the insect eggs deposited on that resource, serve as a mechanism regulating subsequent insect attraction, colonization, and potentially succession of insect species. We isolated and identified bacterial species associated with insects associated with vertebrate carrion and used these bacteria to measure their influence on the oviposition preference of adult black soldier flies which utilizes animal carcasses and is an important species in waste management and forensics. We also ascertained that utilizing a mixture of bacteria, rather than a single species, differentially influenced behavioral responses of the flies, as did bacterial concentration and the species of fly from which the bacteria originated. These studies provide insight into interkingdom interactions commonly occurring during decomposition, but not commonly studied. C1 [Zheng, Longyu; Yu, Ziniu] Huazhong Agr Univ, State Key Lab Agr Microbiol, Wuhan, Peoples R China. [Crippen, Tawni L.] USDA, ARS, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX USA. [Holmes, Leslie; Vanlaerhoven, Sherah L.] Univ Windsor, Dept Biol, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada. [Zheng, Longyu; Singh, Baneshwar; Pimsler, Meaghan L.; Tarone, Aaron M.; Tomberlin, Jeffery K.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Entomol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Benbow, M. Eric] Univ Dayton, Dept Biol, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. [Dowd, Scot] Res & Testing Lab, Lubbock, TX USA. [Wood, Thomas K.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Chem Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Crippen, TL (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX USA. EM tc.crippen@ars.usda.gov; yz41@mail.hzau.edu.cn; jktomberlin@tamu.edu RI Tarone, Aaron/I-6483-2012; OI Tarone, Aaron/0000-0003-0965-7634; Wood, Thomas/0000-0002-6258-529X FU Agrilife; State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University; National Institute of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice [2010-DN-BX-K243]; National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [357002-07]; University of Windsor FX J.K.T. and A. M. T. would like to thank Agrilife research for providing funds to conduct this research. L.Z. and Z.Y. were funded through State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University. Additional funds for T. L. C., M. E. B., B. S., J.K.T. and A. M. T. were provided by the National Institute of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice through Grant 2010-DN-BX-K243. Sequencing services by S. D. were also funded by 2010-DN-BX-K243. Funds for L. H. and S. L. V. were provided by the National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Strategic Project Grant #357002-07 and University of Windsor. T. K. W. is the T Michael O'Connor Endowed Professor at Texas A&M University. Points of view in this document are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of the U. S. Department of Justice. Mention of trade names, companies, or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement of the products by the U. S. Department of Agriculture. NR 57 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 10 U2 173 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD SEP 2 PY 2013 VL 3 AR 2563 DI 10.1038/srep02563 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 209CZ UT WOS:000323733100001 PM 23995019 ER PT J AU Bracht, AJ Armien, AG Carrillo, C O'Hearn, ES Fabian, AW Moran, KE Lu, Z Ariyakumer, DS Rasmussen, JM Metwally, SA AF Bracht, Alexa J. Armien, Anibal G. Carrillo, Consuelo O'Hearn, Emily S. Fabian, Andrew W. Moran, Karen E. Lu, Zhiqiang Ariyakumer, Don S. Rasmussen, James M. Metwally, Samia A. TI ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A CERVIDPOXVIRUS FROM A GOITERED GAZELLE (GAZELLA SUBGUTTUROSA) FROM A ZOOLOGIC PARK IN MINNESOTA SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Deerpox; DNA polymerase; DNA topoisomerase; gazelle; Gazella subgutturosa; genomics; poxvirus ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; DEER ODOCOILEUS-HEMIONUS; CONTAGIOUS ECTHYMA; TAILED DEER; LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS; MULE DEER; POXVIRUS; VIRUS; INFECTION; ORF AB Deerpox virus (DPV) is the sole member of the newly ratified Cervidpoxvirus genus in the subfamily Chordopoxvirinae. Presented here is the first diagnostic report of isolation of DPV from a goitered gazelle (Gazella subgutturosa). A tissue homogenate was submitted by a zoologic park to the Minnesota Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory at the University of Minnesota for poxvirus diagnostic investigation and then referred to Plum Island Foreign Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory for confirmation. Poxviral infection was confirmed using electron microscopy. The virus was cultured in vero cells and subjected to further diagnoses for characterization. Polymerase chain reaction targeting the major envelope (B2L) protein and RNA polymerase of parapoxviruses, and the poly-A polymerase gene of capripoxviruses, were all negative. Degenerative pan-poxvirus primers that target the DNA polymerase (DNApol) and DNA topoisomerase (DNAtopo) genes, however, successfully amplified poxviral DNA fragments. Amplification of the DNApol and DNAtopo genes yielded fragments of 543 and 344 base pairs, respectively. DNA sequence and phylogenetic analysis of each gene fragment from the gazelle isolate showed. 97% identity in BLAST searches with two DPV virus strains (W848-83 and W-1170-84) isolated from North American mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) in 1983-1984. Neighbor-joining trees indicate that the isolate is a member of the Cervidpoxvirus genus and shows a more-distant relationship to other ruminant poxviruses, namely the Capripoxvirus genus consisting of lumpy skin disease, sheeppox, and goatpox viruses. This report documents the premiere finding of DPV, a recently characterized virus, in gazelles and demonstrates the need for broadened investigation when diagnosing poxvirus infections in ruminants. C1 [Bracht, Alexa J.; Carrillo, Consuelo; O'Hearn, Emily S.; Fabian, Andrew W.; Moran, Karen E.; Metwally, Samia A.] USDA, Anim Plant & Hlth Inspect Serv, Vet Serv, Natl Vet Serv Labs,Foreign Anim Dis Diag Lab, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. [Armien, Anibal G.; Ariyakumer, Don S.] Univ Minnesota, Coll Vet Med, Vet Diagnost Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Rasmussen, James M.] Minnesota Zool Gardens, Apple Valley, MN 55124 USA. [Lu, Zhiqiang] Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Dept Homeland Secur, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. RP Bracht, AJ (reprint author), USDA, Anim Plant & Hlth Inspect Serv, Vet Serv, Natl Vet Serv Labs,Foreign Anim Dis Diag Lab, POB 848, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. EM Alexa.J.Bracht@aphis.usda.gov NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER ASSOC ZOO VETERINARIANS PI YULEE PA 581705 WHITE OAK ROAD, YULEE, FL 32097 USA SN 1042-7260 EI 1937-2825 J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 44 IS 3 BP 589 EP 595 DI 10.1638/2012-0090R2.1 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AM1WM UT WOS:000339639100008 PM 24063086 ER PT J AU Alvarado-Esquivel, C Gayosso-Dominguez, EA Villena, I Dubey, JP AF Alvarado-Esquivel, Cosme Gayosso-Dominguez, Edgar Arturo Villena, Isabelle Dubey, J. P. TI SEROPREVALENCE OF TOXOPLASMA GONDII INFECTION IN CAPTIVE MAMMALS IN THREE ZOOS IN MEXICO CITY, MEXICO SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Toxoplasma gondii; seroprevalence; captive animals; Mexico; zoos ID FATAL TOXOPLASMOSIS; DURANGO STATE AB Antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii were determined in 167 mammals in three zoos in Mexico City, Mexico, using the modified agglutination test (MAT). Overall, antibodies to T. gondii were found in 89 (53.3%) of the 167 animals tested. Antibodies were found in 35 of 43 wild Felidae: 2 of 2 bobcats (Lynx rufus); 4 of 4 cougars (Puma concolor); 10 of 13 jaguars (Panthera onca); 5 of 5 leopards (Panthera pardus); 7 of 7 lions (Panthera leo); 2 of 3 tigers (Panthera tigris); 2 of 3 ocelots (Leopardus pardalis); 2 of 2 Sumatran tigers (Panthera tigris sumatrae); 1 of 2 Jaguarundi (Herpailurus jagouaroundi); but not in 0 of 2 oncillas (Leopardus tigrinus). Such high seroprevalence in wild felids is of public health significance because of the potential of oocyst shedding. Four of 6 New World primates (2 of 2 Geoffroy's spider monkeys [Ateles geoffroyi], 1 of 3 Patas monkeys [Erythrocebus patas], and 1 of 1 white-headed capuchin [Cebus capucinus]) had high MAT titers of 3,200, suggesting recently acquired infection; these animals are highly susceptible to clinical toxoplasmosis. However, none of these animals were ill. Seropositivity to T. gondii was found for the first time in a number of species. C1 [Alvarado-Esquivel, Cosme] Juarez Univ Durango State, Fac Med & Nutr, Durango 34000, Mexico. [Gayosso-Dominguez, Edgar Arturo] Gen Direct Zool Pk & Wildlife, Tech & Res Direct, Mexico City 11850, DF, Mexico. [Villena, Isabelle] Hosp Maison Blanche, Biol Resources Ctr Toxoplasma, Natl Reference Ctr Toxoplasmosis, Lab Parasitol Mycol, F-51092 Reims, France. [Dubey, J. P.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Bldg 1001, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 25 PU AMER ASSOC ZOO VETERINARIANS PI YULEE PA 581705 WHITE OAK ROAD, YULEE, FL 32097 USA SN 1042-7260 EI 1937-2825 J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 44 IS 3 BP 803 EP 806 DI 10.1638/2013-0032.1 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AM1WM UT WOS:000339639100041 PM 24063119 ER PT J AU Huang, YB Thomson, SJ Hoffmann, WC Lan, YB Fritz, BK AF Huang, Yanbo Thomson, Steven J. Hoffmann, W. Clint Lan, Yubin Fritz, Bradley K. TI Development and prospect of unmanned aerial vehicle technologies for agricultural production management SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Review DE unmanned aerial vehicle; aircraft; aerial application technology; sensor; remote sensing; precision agriculture; agricultural aviation ID CROP; HELICOPTER; IMAGERY; SYSTEM AB Unmanned aerial vehicles have been developed and applied to support agricultural production management. Compared with piloted aircraft, an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) can focus on small crop fields at lower flight altitudes than regular aircraft to perform site-specific farm management with higher precision. They can also "fill in the gap" in locations where fixed winged or rotary winged aircraft are not readily available. In agriculture, UAVs have primarily been developed and used for remote sensing and application of crop production and protection materials. Application of fertilizers and chemicals is frequently needed at specific times and locations for site-specific management. Routine monitoring of crop plant health is often required at very high resolution for accurate site-specific management as well. This paper presents an overview of research involving the development of UAV technology for agricultural production management. Technologies, systems and methods are examined and studied. The limitations of current UAVs for agricultural production management are discussed, as well as future needs and suggestions for development and application of the UAV technologies in agricultural production management. C1 [Huang, Yanbo; Thomson, Steven J.] USDA ARS, Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Hoffmann, W. Clint; Lan, Yubin; Fritz, Bradley K.] USDA ARS, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Huang, YB (reprint author), 141 Expt Stn Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM yanbo.huang@ars.usda.gov; steve.thomson@ars.usda.gov; clint.hoffmann@ars.usda.gov; yubin.lan@ars.usda.gov; brad.fritz@ars.usda.gov NR 46 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 16 U2 124 PU CHINESE ACAD AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING PI BEIJING PA RM 506, 41, MAIZIDIAN ST, CHAOYANG DISTRICT, BEIJING, 100125, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1934-6344 EI 1934-6352 J9 INT J AGR BIOL ENG JI Int. J. Agric. Biol. Eng. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 6 IS 3 BP 1 EP 10 DI 10.3965/j.ijabe.20130603.001 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA AK2RM UT WOS:000338267200001 ER PT J AU Niphadkar, NP Burks, TF Qin, JW Ritenour, MA AF Niphadkar, Nikhil P. Burks, Thomas F. Qin, Jianwei Ritenour, Mark A. TI Estimation of citrus canker lesion size using hyperspectral reflectance imaging SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE citrus canker; lesion size; disease detection; hyperspectral reflectance imaging; image classification; multispectral algorithm; size detection limit ID FLORIDA; VISION AB The Citrus industry has need for effective approaches to remove fruit with canker before they are shipped to selective international market such as the European Union. This research aims to determine the detectable size limit for cankerous lesions using hyperspectral imaging approaches. Previously developed multispectral algorithms using visible to near-infrared wavelengths, were used to segregate cankerous citrus fruits from other peel conditions (normal, greasy spot, insect damage, melanose, scab and wind scar). However, this previous work did not consider lesion size. A two-band ratio method with a simple threshold based classifier (ratio of reflectance at wavelengths 834 nm and 729 nm), which gave maximum overall classification accuracy of 95.7%, was selected for lesion size estimation in this study. The smallest size of cankerous lesion detected in terms of equivalent diameter was 1.66 mm. The effect of variation of threshold values and number of erosion cycles (applying morphological erosion multiple times to the image) on estimation of smallest detectable lesion was observed. It was found that small threshold values gave better canker classification accuracies, while exhibiting a lower overall classification accuracy. Meanwhile, higher threshold values portrayed the opposite tendency. The threshold value of 1.275 gave the optimum tradeoff between canker classification accuracy, overall classification accuracy and minimal lesion size detection. Increasing the number of erosion cycles reduced detection rates of smaller canker lesions, leading to the conclusion that a single erosion cycle gave the best size estimation results. The erosion kernel of the size 3 mm X 3 mm was used during the exploration. C1 [Niphadkar, Nikhil P.] ATW Automation Inc, Dayton, OH 45402 USA. [Burks, Thomas F.] Univ Florida, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Qin, Jianwei] USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Ritenour, Mark A.] Univ Florida, Dept Hort Sci, Gainesville, FL 34945 USA. RP Niphadkar, NP (reprint author), ATW Automation Inc, 313 Mound St, Dayton, OH 45402 USA. EM nniphadkar@atwautomation.com; tburks@ufl.edu; jianwei.qin@ars.usda.gov; ritenour@ufl.edu FU Florida Fresh Packer Association; USDA Technical Assistance for Specialty Crops FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of Florida Fresh Packer Association and USDA Technical Assistance for Specialty Crops. The authors would also like to thank Dr. Moon Kim and Dr. Kuanglin Chao from USDA-ARS Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, and Mr. Mike Zingaro and Mr. Greg Pugh from University of Florida, for their help in building the hyperspectral imaging system. NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 13 PU CHINESE ACAD AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING PI BEIJING PA RM 506, 41, MAIZIDIAN ST, CHAOYANG DISTRICT, BEIJING, 100125, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1934-6344 EI 1934-6352 J9 INT J AGR BIOL ENG JI Int. J. Agric. Biol. Eng. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 6 IS 3 BP 41 EP 51 DI 10.3965/j.ijabe.20130603.006 PG 11 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA AK2RM UT WOS:000338267200006 ER PT J AU Pekke, MA Pan, ZL Atungulu, GG Smith, G Thompson, JF AF Pekke, Milly A. Pan, Zhongli Atungulu, Griffiths G. Smith, Gary Thompson, James F. TI Drying characteristics and quality of bananas under infrared radiation heating SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE drying; banana; infrared radiation; hot air drying; enzyme inactivation ID DESORPTION ISOTHERMS; POLYPHENOL OXIDASE; KINETIC-PARAMETERS; PRODUCTS; SLICES; DEHYDRATION; MODELS AB Hot air (HA) drying of banana has low drying efficiency and results in undesirable product quality. The objectives of this research were to investigate the feasibility of infrared (IR) heating to improve banana drying rate, evaluate quality of the dried product, and establish models for predicting drying characteristics. Banana slices of 5 mm and 8 mm thickness were dried with IR and HA at product temperatures of 60 degrees C, 70 degrees C and 80 degrees C. Banana drying characteristics and changes in residual polyphenol oxidase (PPO), Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), color, moisture content (MC) and water activity during the treatments were investigated. Results showed that significant moisture reduction and higher drying rates were achieved with IR drying compared to HA drying in the early stage. The drying data could be fitted to the Page model for accurate prediction of MC change for IR and HA drying with mean R-2 of 0.983. It was noted that enzyme inactivation occurred more quickly with IR than with HA drying. A unique response of PPO under IR and HA drying was revealed. IR heating of banana inactivated PPO within the first 20 min of drying at 60 degrees C, 70 degrees C and 80 degrees C, while PPO was first activated before inactivation at 60 degrees C and 70 degrees C drying with HA. The highest HMF content occurred in banana slices with 5 mm thickness dried with IR at a product temperature of 80 degrees C. It is therefore recommendable to dry banana with IR at product temperature of 70 degrees C or below to preserve the product quality. These findings are new and provide more insight in the application of IR. heating for drying banana for improved drying rate and product quality. C1 [Pekke, Milly A.; Smith, Gary] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Pan, Zhongli] USDA ARS, Proc Foods Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Pan, Zhongli; Atungulu, Griffiths G.; Thompson, James F.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Atungulu, Griffiths G.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Food Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72704 USA. RP Pan, ZL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Proc Foods Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM zhongli.pan@ars.usda.gov NR 46 TC 8 Z9 12 U1 5 U2 17 PU CHINESE ACAD AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING PI BEIJING PA RM 506, 41, MAIZIDIAN ST, CHAOYANG DISTRICT, BEIJING, 100125, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1934-6344 EI 1934-6352 J9 INT J AGR BIOL ENG JI Int. J. Agric. Biol. Eng. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 6 IS 3 BP 58 EP 70 DI 10.3965/j.ijabe.20130603.008 PG 13 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA AK2RM UT WOS:000338267200008 ER PT J AU Shen-Miller, J Aung, LH Turek, J Schopf, JW Tholandi, M Yang, M Czaja, A AF Shen-Miller, J. Aung, Louis H. Turek, Jeff Schopf, J. William Tholandi, Maya Yang, Mei Czaja, Andrew TI Centuries-Old Viable Fruit of Sacred Lotus Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn var. China Antique SO TROPICAL PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Fruit-longevity; Germination-and-seed-maturity; Pericarp anatomy and properties; Green-embryo-axis; Shoot-before-root-emergence ID SEED-GERMINATION; SEEDLINGS; LONGEVITY; SALINITY; STORAGE; GENOME; GROWTH AB During the Sino-Japanese conflict of the 1920s, Japanese botanist Ichiro Ohga was presented single-seeded fruit of Nelumbo nucifera var. China Antique collected by a local farmer from a dry lakebed in Northeast China (then, "Manchuria"). Ohga studied the fruit and published his findings. Years later, we tested the germination of Nelumbo fruit from the same locality. The oldest seed sprouted, having a germination time of similar to 3 days, was radiocarbon dated to be similar to 1300 years old. These cold-and drought-tolerant seeds exhibited shoot-before-root emergence and a primary green plumule capable of "dim-light" photosynthesis. Such traits and the notable long-term viability of the fruit spurred the interest of Ray Ming, University of Illinois that has now led to the sequencing of the Nelumbo genome. Analyses of this genome may provide insight into the biochemistry of Nelumbo on wax-biosynthesis genes, and application of aging-related thermostable proteins to the extension of seed-life and improvement of food quality of economic crops. Here, we review the history of these long-lived Nelumbo fruit, and their occurrence, discovery, collection, propagation, and methods of seedling care. The robust impermeable wax- and suberin-covered pericarp is a major factor contributing to their remarkable longevity. New findings are presented on the modern and 459- and 464-year-old pericarp anatomy, impermeability to water, and whole fruit and pericarp mechanical properties, and comparison of the mode of fruit weight-gain during imbibition and germination time relative to fruit maturity. C1 [Shen-Miller, J.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolut Biol, IGPP Ctr Study Evolut & Origin Life, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Aung, Louis H.] ARS, USDA, Postharvest Qual & Genet Res Unit, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Turek, Jeff] Hysitron Inc, Minneapolis, MN 55344 USA. [Schopf, J. William] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Earth Planetary & Space Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Tholandi, Maya] Johns Hopkins Univ, Jhiego Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Yang, Mei] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Plant Germplasm Enchancement & Specialty, Wuhan Bot Garden, Wuhan 430074, Peoples R China. [Czaja, Andrew] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Geol, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. RP Shen-Miller, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolut Biol, IGPP Ctr Study Evolut & Origin Life, Geol Bldg,Room 5676,595 Charles E Young Dr East, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM shenmiller@lifesci.ucla.edu NR 56 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 18 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1935-9756 EI 1935-9764 J9 TROP PLANT BIOL JI Trop. Plant Biol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 6 IS 2-3 BP 53 EP 68 DI 10.1007/s12042-013-9125-1 PG 16 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AK1UR UT WOS:000338203100001 ER PT J AU Jenderek, MM Holman, GE DeNoma, J Reed, BM AF Jenderek, Maria M. Holman, Gregory E. DeNoma, Jeanine Reed, Barbara M. TI MEDIUM- AND LONG-TERM STORAGE OF THE Pycnanthemum (MOUNTAIN MINT) GERMPLASM COLLECTION SO CRYOLETTERS LA English DT Article DE cold storage; cryopreservation; encapsulation-dehydration; genetic resources; micropropagation AB The United States of America collection of mountain mint (Pycnanthemum Michx.) is held at the USDA-ARS National Clonal Germplasm Repository (NCGR) in Corvallis, Oregon as seed, potted plants and tissue cultures and a long-term storage collection is preserved at the USDA-ARS National Center for Genetic Resources Preservation (NCGRP) in Fort Collins, Colorado. The clonal collection is comprised of 34 accessions as potted plants that are duplicated with 31 accessions stored as in vitro cultures at 4 degrees C in tissue culture bags for medium-term storage at NCGR and as cryopreserved shoot tips in liquid nitrogen at NCGRP for long-term storage. This study reports on these two models of preservation of mountain mint at the U.S. National Plant Germplasm System. In vitro plants required 2 to 7 months for propagation on MS medium without growth regulators before storage at 4 degrees C. Plants remained in storage with good vigour in bags on 1/2x nitrogen MS medium without growth regulators for a mean of 2.08 y. An encapsulation-dehydration protocol was successful for cryopreservation of shoot tips from cold acclimated in vitro plants. Post-cryo viability, indicated by shoot tips with developed leaves and roots, ranged from 60 to 100 % for 27 accessions and 40 to 50 % for the other four. The encapsulation-dehydration cryopreservation method proved suitable for long-term preservation of the 31 Pycnanthemum accessions. These alternative storage forms allow for active use of the collection as well as base storage for clonally propagated accessions. C1 [Jenderek, Maria M.; Holman, Gregory E.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [DeNoma, Jeanine; Reed, Barbara M.] USDA ARS Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Jenderek, MM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, 1111 S Mason St, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM maria.jenderek@ars.usda.gov OI Reed, Barbara/0000-0003-0079-8473 FU USDA-ARS CRIS [5358-21000-0-38-00D, 5402-21000-007-00D] FX This research was supported by USDA-ARS CRIS projects 5358-21000-0-38-00D and 5402-21000-007-00D. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 4 PU CRYO LETTERS PI LONDON PA C/O ROYAL VETERINARY COLLEGE, ROYAL COLLEGE ST, LONDON NW1 0TU, ENGLAND SN 0143-2044 EI 1742-0644 J9 CRYOLETTERS JI CryoLetters PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 34 IS 5 BP 490 EP 496 PG 7 WC Biology; Physiology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Physiology GA AJ5JN UT WOS:000337718600005 PM 24448768 ER PT J AU Gross, BL Volk, GM Richards, CM Reeves, PA Henk, AD Forsline, PL Szewc-McFadden, A Fazio, G Chao, CT AF Gross, Briana L. Volk, Gayle M. Richards, Christopher M. Reeves, Patrick A. Henk, Adam D. Forsline, Philip L. Szewc-McFadden, Amy Fazio, Gennaro Chao, C. Thomas TI Diversity Captured in the USDA-ARS National Plant Germplasm System Apple Core Collection SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID X-DOMESTICA BORKH.; GENETIC DIVERSITY; MEDICAGO-TRUNCATULA; MALUS-SIEVERSII; SSR MARKERS; MICROSATELLITES; IDENTIFICATION; CONSERVATION; ACCESSIONS; GENOTYPE AB The USDA-ARS National Plant Germplasm System Malus collection is maintained by the Plant Genetic Resources Unit (PGRU) in Geneva, NY. In the 1990s, a core subset of 258 trees was hand-selected to be representative of the grafted Malus collection. We used a combination of genotypic and phenotypic data to compare the diversity of the 198 diploid trees in the original core subset with that of 2114 diploid trees in the grafted field collection for which data were available. The 198 trees capture 192 of the 232 total microsatellite alleles and have 78 of the 95 phenotypic characters. An addition of 67 specific individuals increases the coverage to 100% of the allelic and phenotypic character states. Several de novo core sets that capture all the allelic and phenotypic character states in 100 individuals are also provided. Use of these proposed sets of individuals will help ensure that a broad range of Malus diversity is included in evaluations that use the core subset of grafted trees in the PGRU collection. C1 [Gross, Briana L.] Univ Minnesota, Duluth, MN 55812 USA. [Volk, Gayle M.; Richards, Christopher M.; Reeves, Patrick A.; Henk, Adam D.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Forsline, Philip L.; Szewc-McFadden, Amy; Fazio, Gennaro; Chao, C. Thomas] ARS, USDA, Plant Genet Resources Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. RP Volk, GM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, 1111 S Mason St, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM Gayle.Volk@ars.usda.gov RI Richards, Christopher/A-8328-2013; OI Richards, Christopher/0000-0002-9978-6079; Reeves, Patrick/0000-0001-9991-1397 NR 34 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0003-1062 EI 2327-9788 J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 138 IS 5 BP 375 EP 381 PG 7 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA AD4OL UT WOS:000333230300007 ER PT J AU Nveawiah-Yoho, P Zhou, J Palmer, M Sauve, R Zhou, SP Howe, KJ Fish, T Thannhauser, TW AF Nveawiah-Yoho, Peter Zhou, Jing Palmer, Marsha Sauve, Roger Zhou, Suping Howe, Kevin J. Fish, Tara Thannhauser, Theodore W. TI Identification of Proteins for Salt Tolerance Using a Comparative Proteomics Analysis of Tomato Accessions with Contrasting Salt Tolerance SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; BINDING-PROTEIN; MITOTIC PROGRESS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; ROOT DEVELOPMENT; ATPASE ACTIVITY; ACID; GENE; LYCOPERSICON; GROWTH AB Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) has a wide variety of genotypes differing in their responses to salinity. This study was performed to identify salt-induced changes in proteomes that are distinguishable among tomatoes with contrasting salt tolerance. Tomato accessions [LA4133 (a salt-tolerant cherry tomato accession) and 'Walter' LA3465 (a salt-susceptible accession)] were subjected to salt treatment (200 mM NaCl) in hydroponic culture. Salt-induced changes in the root proteomes of each tomato accession were identified using the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) method. In LA4133, 178 proteins showed significant differences between salt-treated and non-treated control root tissues (P <= 0.05); 169 proteins were induced (1.3- to 5.1-fold) and nine repressed (-1.7- to -1.3-fold). In LA3465, 115 proteins were induced (1.3- to 6.4-fold) and 23 repressed (-2.5- to -1.3-fold). Salt-responsive proteins from the two tomato accessions were involved in the following biological processes: root system development and structural integrity; carbohydrate metabolism; adenosine-5'-triphosphate regeneration and consumption; amino acid metabolism; fatty acid metabolism; signal transduction; cellular detoxification; protein turnover and intracellular trafficking; and molecular activities for regulating gene transcription, protein translation, and post-translational modification. Proteins affecting diverse cellular activities were identified, which include chaperonins and cochaperonins, heat-shock proteins, antioxidant enzymes, and stress proteins. Proteins exhibiting different salt-induced changes between the tolerant and susceptible tomato accessions were identified, and these proteins were divided into two groups: 1) proteins with quantitative differences because they were induced or repressed by salt stress in both accessions but at different fold levels; and 2) proteins showing qualitative differences, where proteins were induced in one vs. repressed or not changed in the other accession. Candidate proteins for tolerance to salt and secondary cellular stresses (such as hypo-osmotic stress and dehydration) were proposed based on findings from the current and previous studies on tomato and by the use of the Arabidopsis thaliana protein database. Information provided in this report will be very useful for evaluating and breeding for plant tolerance to salt and/or water deficit stresses. C1 [Nveawiah-Yoho, Peter; Zhou, Jing; Palmer, Marsha; Sauve, Roger; Zhou, Suping] Tennessee State Univ, Dept Agr Sci, Coll Agr Human & Nat Sci, Nashville, TN 37209 USA. [Howe, Kevin J.; Fish, Tara; Thannhauser, Theodore W.] USDA ARS, Plant Soil & Nutr Res Unit, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Zhou, SP (reprint author), Tennessee State Univ, Dept Agr Sci, Coll Agr Human & Nat Sci, 3500 John A Merritt Blvd, Nashville, TN 37209 USA. EM zsuping@tnstate.edu; Ted.Thannhauser@ars.usda.gov FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative competitive grant from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2010-65114-20405]; NIFA [2010-38821-21571]; ARS CRIS project [1907-21000-037-00D]; Evans-Allen Research Funds FX This project was supported by the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative competitive grant no. 2010-65114-20405 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, NIFA-grant no. 2010-38821-21571, ARS CRIS project 1907-21000-037-00D, and Evans-Allen Research Funds. Statistical analysis using SAS was performed under the supervision of Dr. Dafeng Hui. NR 83 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 20 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0003-1062 EI 2327-9788 J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 138 IS 5 BP 382 EP 394 PG 13 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA AD4OL UT WOS:000333230300008 ER PT J AU Day, JM Zsak, L AF Day, J. Michael Zsak, Laszlo TI Recent Progress in the Characterization of Avian Enteric Viruses SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Review DE virus; enteric; rotavirus; astrovirus; parvovirus; picornavirus; coronavirus ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; GROUP-A ROTAVIRUSES; INFECTIOUS-BRONCHITIS VIRUS; COMPLETE GENOME SEQUENCE; ENTEROVIRUS-LIKE VIRUS; PALE BIRD SYNDROME; MULTIPLEX RT-PCR; TURKEY CORONAVIRUS; STUNTING SYNDROME; POULT ENTERITIS AB Despite the importance of the poultry gut, remarkably little is known about the complex gut microbial community. Enteric disease syndromes such as runting-stunting syndrome in broiler chickens and poult enteritis complex in young turkeys are difficult to characterize and reproduce in the laboratory. A great deal of work has been done to characterize the bacterial population in the poultry gut, leading to useful performance-based interventions such as direct-fed microbial preparations. Advances in the application of rapid molecular diagnostics and the advent of the next generation of nucleic acid sequencing have allowed researchers to begin to decipher the microbial community in complex environmental samples. Researchers have made great strides recently in placing names to some of the unknown and undescribed small viruses in the poultry gut such as parvoviruses, picornaviruses, picobirnavirus, and calicivirus. Investigation into the novel avian astroviruses continues, and recent progress has been made in the molecular characterization of the avian rotaviruses. This review will focus on the recent advances that have been made in the discovery, description, and characterization of the multitude of viruses that reside in the poultry gut. C1 [Day, J. Michael; Zsak, Laszlo] USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Day, JM (reprint author), USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM Michael.day@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Poultry and Egg Association FX The authors acknowledge the financial support of the U.S. Poultry and Egg Association and the excellent technical support of Laura Ferguson, Fenglan Li, and the Agriculture Research Service South Atlantic Area Sequencing Facility. NR 115 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI ATHENS PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA SN 0005-2086 EI 1938-4351 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 57 IS 3 BP 573 EP 580 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AD5BW UT WOS:000333267500001 PM 24283121 ER PT J AU Jenkins, MC Parker, C O'Brien, C Persyn, J Barlow, D Miska, K Fetterer, R AF Jenkins, Mark C. Parker, Carolyn O'Brien, Celia Persyn, Joseph Barlow, Darren Miska, Katarzyna Fetterer, Raymond TI Protecting Chickens Against Coccidiosis in Floor Pens by Administering Eimeria Oocysts Using Gel Beads or Spray Vaccination SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Eimeria; vaccine; oocysts; gel bead; spray vaccination; broilers; floor pen ID NEWLY-HATCHED CHICKENS; BROILER-CHICKENS; IMMUNITY; IMMUNIZATION; POULTRY; MAXIMA; LITTER; ACERVULINA; TENELLA; ACQUISITION AB Control of avian coccidiosis is increasingly being achieved by the administration of low doses of Eimeria oocysts to newly hatched chicks. The purpose of this study was to test the efficacy of gel beads containing a mixture of Eimeria acervulina, Eimeria maxima, and Eimeria tenella oocysts as a vaccine to protect broilers raised in contact with litter. Newly hatched chicks were either sprayed with an aqueous suspension of Eimeria oocysts or were allowed to ingest feed containing Eimeria oocysts-incorporated gel beads. Control, 1-day-old chicks were given an equivalent number of Eimeria oocysts (10 3 total) by oral gavage or received no vaccine (nonimmunized controls). All chicks were raised in floor-pen cages in direct contact with litter. At 4 wk of age, all chickens and a control nonimmunized group received a high-dose E. acervulina, E. maxima, and E. tenella challenge infection. Chickens immunized with Eimeria oocysts in gel beads or by spray vaccination displayed significantly (P < 0.05) greater weight gain (WG) compared to nonimmunized controls. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) also showed a significant (P < 0.05) improvement in both groups relative to nonimmunized controls. Moreover, WG and FCR in both groups was not significantly different (P > 0.05) from chickens immunized by oral gavage or from nonimmunized, noninfected controls. Oocyst excretion after Eimeria challenge by all immunized groups was about 10-fold less than in nonimmunized controls. These findings indicate that immunization efficacy of gel beads and spray vaccination is improved by raising immunized chicks in contact with litter. C1 [Jenkins, Mark C.; Parker, Carolyn; O'Brien, Celia; Miska, Katarzyna; Fetterer, Raymond] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Persyn, Joseph; Barlow, Darren] SW Res Inst, Microencapsulat Sect, Chem & Chem Engn Div, San Antonio, TX 78227 USA. RP Jenkins, MC (reprint author), ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM mark.jenkins@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI ATHENS PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA SN 0005-2086 EI 1938-4351 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 57 IS 3 BP 622 EP 626 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AD5BW UT WOS:000333267500007 PM 24283127 ER PT J AU Volkova, VV Hubbard, SA Magee, DL Byrd, JA Bailey, RH Wills, RW AF Volkova, Victoriya V. Hubbard, Sue Ann Magee, Danny L. Byrd, J. Allen Bailey, Richard H. Wills, Robert W. TI Effects Broiler Feed Medications on Salmonella SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Salmonella; broiler; feed; coccidiostat; growth-promoter; antimicrobial ID CHICKEN FLOCKS; RISK-FACTORS; CONTAMINATION; TYPHIMURIUM; POULTRY AB This pilot analysis was conducted with data from 52 conventional grow-out broiler flocks in a prospective field observational study in the southeastern United States during 2003-2006. Each flock was sampled for Salmonella 1 wk before the end of grow-out, upon arrival at the processing plant, and during processing (prior to and immediately after carcass chilling). The broiler litter was sampled on the day of bird harvest. The grow-out feeding programs, including the medications delivered in feed, were surveyed with questionnaires completed by the broiler managers and feedmill managers. Each detail of the feeding program was tested for statistical association with the frequency of Salmonella in the flock at each sampling point, after accounting for variation in Salmonella frequency between the farms, broiler complexes, and companies. Significant associations were found between Salmonella frequency in the broiler flock pre- and postharvest and the inclusion of feeds containing individual coccidiostats and other antimicrobial growth promoters, days on feed, and total consumption of feeds containing these products, as well as with practices such as a mash feed and a nonmedicated withdrawal feed. The analysis provided testable hypotheses for how broiler feed medications impact the frequency of Salmonella in the flocks. C1 [Volkova, Victoriya V.; Hubbard, Sue Ann; Magee, Danny L.; Bailey, Richard H.; Wills, Robert W.] Mississippi State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol & Populat Med, Mississippi State, MS 39759 USA. [Byrd, J. Allen] USDA ARS SPARC, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Volkova, VV (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Populat Med & Diagnost Sci, Coll Vet Med, S3-110A Schurman Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM vv87@cornell.edu; wills@cvm.msstate.edu FU Epidemiological Approaches for Food Safety [USDA NRICGP 32.1, 2002-02235] FX This analysis was conducted within the project funded by the Epidemiological Approaches for Food Safety, USDA NRICGP 32.1, 2002-02235. We thank Terry Doler and Mary Ann Ballard for laboratory support and logistics of the fieldwork. We thank Dr. Karen Dazo-Galarneau, Dr. Michael Rybolt, Dr. David Smith, Dr. Tyler McAlpin, and the many student workers for help with sample collection and processing. We are grateful to the farmers for granting access to the flocks, and to the broiler companies and complexes for collaboration and sharing their expertise during survey development. We appreciate the time and effort of the broiler and feedmill managers that they put into completing the survey questionnaires. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI ATHENS PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA SN 0005-2086 EI 1938-4351 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 57 IS 3 BP 640 EP 644 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AD5BW UT WOS:000333267500010 PM 24283130 ER PT J AU Awe, OO Ali, A Elaish, M Ibrahim, M Murgia, M Pantin-Jackwood, M Saif, YM Lee, CW AF Awe, Olusegun O. Ali, Ahmed Elaish, Mohamed Ibrahim, Mahmoud Murgia, Maria Pantin-Jackwood, Mary Saif, Yehia M. Lee, Chang-Won TI Effect of Coronavirus Infection on Reproductive Performance of Turkey Hens SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE turkey; coronavirus; enteritis; egg production ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; BRONCHITIS VIRUS; POULT ENTERITIS; CHICKENS; MORTALITY; PATHOGENICITY; TRANSCRIPTION; SEQUENCE; GENE AB Turkey coronavirus (TCoV) infection causes enteritis in turkeys of varying ages with high mortality in young birds. In older birds, field evidence indicates the possible involvement of TCoV in egg-production drops in turkey hens. However, no experimental studies have been conducted to demonstrate TCoV pathogenesis in turkey hens and its effect on reproductive performance. In the present study, we assessed the possible effect of TCoV on the reproductive performance of experimentally infected turkey hens. In two separate trials, 29- to 30-wk-old turkey hens in peak egg production were either mock-infected or inoculated orally with TCoV (Indiana strain). Cloacal swabs and intestinal and reproductive tissues were collected and standard reverse-transcription PCR was conducted to detect TCoV RNA. In the cloacal swabs, TCoV was detected consistently at 3, 5, 7, and 12 days postinoculation (DPI) with higher rates of detection after 5 DPI (>90%). All intestinal samples were also positive for TCoV at 7 DPI, and microscopic lesions consisting of severe enteritis with villous atrophy were observed in the duodenum and jejunum of TCoV-infected hens. In one of the trials TCoV was detected from the oviduct of two birds at 7 DPI; however, no or mild microscopic lesions were present. In both experimental trials an average of 28%-29% drop in egg production was observed in TCoV-infected turkey hens between 4 and 7 DPI. In a separate trial we also confirmed that TCoV can efficiently transmit from infected to contact control hens. Our results show that TCoV infection can affect the reproductive performance in turkey hens, causing a transient drop in egg production. This drop in egg production most likely occurred as consequence of the severe enteritis produced by the TCoV. However, the potential replication of TCoV in the oviduct and its effect on pathogenesis should be considered and further investigated. C1 [Awe, Olusegun O.; Ali, Ahmed; Elaish, Mohamed; Ibrahim, Mahmoud; Murgia, Maria; Saif, Yehia M.; Lee, Chang-Won] Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Food Anim Hlth Res Program, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Awe, Olusegun O.; Ali, Ahmed; Elaish, Mohamed; Murgia, Maria; Saif, Yehia M.; Lee, Chang-Won] Ohio State Univ, Dept Vet Prevent Med, Coll Vet Med, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Ibrahim, Mahmoud] Menoufia Univ, Dept Poultry Dis, Fac Vet Med, Menoufia 22857, Egypt. [Pantin-Jackwood, Mary] ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Lee, CW (reprint author), 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM lee.2854@osu.edu OI Ali , Ahmed/0000-0002-2576-2031 FU Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University FX The authors would like to thank Megan Strother for technical assistance. This study was partially supported by funds appropriated to the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI ATHENS PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA SN 0005-2086 EI 1938-4351 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 57 IS 3 BP 650 EP 656 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AD5BW UT WOS:000333267500012 PM 24283132 ER PT J AU Jang, SI Lillehoj, HS Lee, SH Lee, KW Lillehoj, EP Hong, YH An, DJ Jeoung, HY Chun, JE AF Jang, Seung I. Lillehoj, Hyun S. Lee, Sung-Hyen Lee, Kyung Woo Lillehoj, Erik P. Hong, Yeong Ho An, Dong-Jun Jeoung, Hye-Young Chun, Ji-Eun TI Relative Disease Susceptibility and Clostridial Toxin Antibody Responses in Three Commercial Broiler Lines Coinfected with Clostridium perfringens and Eimeria maxima Using an Experimental Model of Necrotic Enteritis SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE coccidia; protozoa; intestine; toxin ID MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX; SHEEP ERYTHROCYTES; CHICKEN LINES; GANGRENOUS DERMATITIS; GROWTH; RESISTANCE; IMMUNORESPONSIVENESS; RESPONSIVENESS; PATHOGENESIS; VACCINATION AB Necrotic enteritis is an enteric disease of poultry resulting from infection by Clostridium perfringens with coinfection by Eimeria spp. constituting a major risk factor for disease pathogenesis. This study compared three commercial broiler chicken lines using an experimental model of necrotic enteritis. Day-old male Cobb, Ross, and Hubbard broilers were orally infected with viable C. perfringens and E. maxima and fed a high-protein diet to promote the development of experimental disease. Body weight loss, intestinal lesions, and serum antibody levels against a-toxin and necrotic enteritis B-like ( NetB) toxin were measured as parameters of disease susceptibility and host immune response. Cobb chickens exhibited increased body weight loss compared with Ross and Hubbard breeds and greater gut lesion severity compared with Ross chickens. NetB antibody levels were greater in Cobb chickens compared with the Ross or Hubbard groups. These results suggest that Cobb chickens may be more susceptible to necrotic enteritis in the field compared with the Ross and Hubbard lines. C1 [Jang, Seung I.; Lillehoj, Hyun S.; Lee, Sung-Hyen; Lee, Kyung Woo] USDA ARS, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Lillehoj, Erik P.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Hong, Yeong Ho] Chung Ang Univ, Dept Anim Sci & Technol, Anseong 456756, South Korea. [An, Dong-Jun; Jeoung, Hye-Young; Chun, Ji-Eun] Minist Agr Food & Rural Affairs, Anim & Plant Quarantine Agcy, Anyang 430824, Gyeonggido, South Korea. RP Lillehoj, HS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM hyun.lillehoj@ars.usda.gov OI Lee, Kyung-Woo/0000-0002-3533-7979 FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS); Animal Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency, South Korea; USDA-ARS; Next-Generation BioGreen 21 Program, Rural Development Administration [PJ008084]; World Class University Program of the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology, South Korea [R33-10013] FX This project was supported, in part, by a Trust agreement established between the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) and the Animal Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency, South Korea; between the USDA-ARS and the Next-Generation BioGreen 21 Program (PJ008084), Rural Development Administration; and the World Class University Program (R33-10013) of the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology, South Korea. We thank Margie Nichols and Stacy O'Donnell for significant contribution to this research. NR 32 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI ATHENS PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA SN 0005-2086 EI 1938-4351 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 57 IS 3 BP 684 EP 687 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AD5BW UT WOS:000333267500019 PM 24283139 ER PT J AU Hamm, K Barth, S Stalb, S Liebler-Tenorio, E Teifke, JP Hammerschmidt, B Lange, E Dean-Nystrom, EA Bielaszewska, M Karch, H Menge, C AF Hamm, K. Barth, S. Stalb, S. Liebler-Tenorio, E. Teifke, J. P. Hammerschmidt, B. Lange, E. Dean-Nystrom, E. A. Bielaszewska, M. Karch, H. Menge, C. TI Experimental infection of calves with Escherichia coli O104:H4 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 65th Annual Meeting of the German-Society-for-Hygiene-and-Microbiology (DGHM) e V / Annual Meeting of the German-Society-for-Infectious-Diseases (DGI) e V CY SEP 22-25, 2013 CL Univ Rostock, Rostock, GERMANY SP German Soc Hyg & Microbiol e V, German Soc Infect Dis e V, SIEMENS HO Univ Rostock C1 [Hamm, K.; Barth, S.; Stalb, S.; Liebler-Tenorio, E.; Menge, C.] Friedrich Loeffler Inst, Fed Res Inst Anim Hlth, Inst Mol Pathogenesis, Jena, Germany. [Teifke, J. P.; Hammerschmidt, B.; Lange, E.] Friedrich Loeffler Inst, Fed Res Inst Anim Hlth, Dept Expt Anim Facil & Biorisk Management, Greifswald, Germany. [Dean-Nystrom, E. A.] ARS, Food Safety & Enter Pathogens Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. [Bielaszewska, M.; Karch, H.] Univ Munster, Inst Hyg, D-48149 Munster, Germany. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1438-4221 EI 1618-0607 J9 INT J MED MICROBIOL JI Int. J. Med. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 303 SU 1 BP 116 EP 116 PG 1 WC Microbiology; Virology SC Microbiology; Virology GA AB0QQ UT WOS:000331497600401 ER PT J AU Maalouf, J Cogswell, ME Gunn, JP Curtis, CJ Rhodes, D Hoy, K Pehrsson, P Nickle, M Merritt, R AF Maalouf, Joyce Cogswell, Mary E. Gunn, Janelle P. Curtis, Christine J. Rhodes, Donna Hoy, Kathy Pehrsson, Pamela Nickle, Melissa Merritt, Robert TI Monitoring the Sodium Content of Restaurant Foods: Public Health Challenges and Opportunities SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Review ID TAKE-AWAY FOODS; AUSTRALIAN FOODS; NUTRITIONAL PROFILE; MINERAL-CONTENT; PROXIMATE; MEALS; BAHRAIN; ENERGY; CHAINS; MENU AB We reviewed methods of studies assessing restaurant foods' sodium content and nutrition databases. We systematically searched the 1964-2012 literature and manually examined references in selected articles and studies. Twenty-six (5.2%) of the 499 articles we found met the inclusion criteria and were abstracted. Five were conducted nationally. Sodium content determination methods included laboratory analysis (n = 15), point-of-purchase nutrition information or restaurants' Web sites (n = 8), and menu analysis with a nutrient database (n = 3). There is no comprehensive data system that provides all information needed to monitor changes in sodium or other nutrients among restaurant foods. Combining information from different sources and methods may help inform a comprehensive system to monitor sodium content reduction efforts in the US food supply and to develop future strategies. C1 [Maalouf, Joyce; Cogswell, Mary E.; Gunn, Janelle P.; Merritt, Robert] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Maalouf, Joyce] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Curtis, Christine J.] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Nutr Strategy Program, New York, NY USA. [Rhodes, Donna; Hoy, Kathy] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Food Surveys Res Grp, Beltsville, MD USA. [Pehrsson, Pamela; Nickle, Melissa] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Nutrient Data Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Maalouf, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop F72, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM vjh6@cdc.gov FU Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Research Participation Programs at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX J. Maalouf was supported by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Research Participation Programs at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). NR 54 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 EI 1541-0048 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD SEP PY 2013 VL 103 IS 9 BP E21 EP E30 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2013.301442 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AA3NB UT WOS:000330998200010 PM 23865701 ER PT J AU Purswell, JL Davis, JD Kiess, AS Coufal, CD AF Purswell, J. L. Davis, J. D. Kiess, A. S. Coufal, C. D. TI Effects of frequency of multiple applications of litter amendment on litter ammonia and live performance in a shared airspace SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POULTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE litter management; ammonia; air quality ID BROILER-CHICKENS; POULTRY LITTER AB Mitigation of ammonia (NH3) volatilization from litter is of particular interest given its effects on broiler health and production efficiency, as well as air and water quality concerns. Typical management guidelines recommend aerial NH3 concentrations be limited to 25 ppm. However, concentrations in excess of this recommendation are common in winter months due to limited minimum ventilation to conserve heat. Litter amendments are an effective means to reduce ammonia volatilization and are applied to the litter before chick placement. In this study, we evaluated the effects of differing application frequencies of a sodium bisulfate-based litter amendment on bird performance and equilibrium litter NH3 concentrations. Treatments consisted of no amendment application (negative control), initial application before placement (positive control), and varied application schedules at 14, 28, and 43 d at 0.49 kg/m(2) (100 lb/1,000 ft(2)). Repeated application of litter amendment did not affect live performance or foot pad quality. More frequent application of litter amendment significantly reduced equilibrium litter NH3 concentration when compared with the negative and positive controls. The most effective application program was biweekly, with significant reductions of 56.6 and 21.8% at d 42 and 57, respectively. Therefore, repeated application during growout can effectively mitigate ammonia volatilization from litter without incurring reductions in live performance or foot pad quality. C1 [Purswell, J. L.] USDA Agr Res Serv, Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Davis, J. D.] Mississippi State Univ, Agr & Biol Engn Dept, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Kiess, A. S.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Coufal, C. D.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Purswell, JL (reprint author), USDA Agr Res Serv, Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM Joseph.Purswell@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 10 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 1056-6171 EI 1537-0437 J9 J APPL POULTRY RES JI J. Appl. Poult. Res. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 22 IS 3 BP 469 EP 473 DI 10.3382/japr.2012-00669 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 301HG UT WOS:000330522800013 ER PT J AU Barker, KJ Coufal, CD Purswell, JL Davis, JD Parker, HM Kidd, MT McDaniel, CD Kiess, AS AF Barker, K. J. Coufal, C. D. Purswell, J. L. Davis, J. D. Parker, H. M. Kidd, M. T. McDaniel, C. D. Kiess, A. S. TI In-house windrowing of a commercial broiler farm during early spring and its effect on litter composition SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POULTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE broiler; windrowing; ammonia; temperature; microbe ID POULTRY LITTER; PATHOGENS; AMMONIA; CHAMBER; FLUX AB The use of in-house windrowing of broiler litter between flocks has been used as a litter management procedure to reduce pathogen content and improve the quality of the house environment for newly placed chicks. A trial was conducted to determine what effects different methods of in-house windrowing would have on litter composition during the early spring months of March and April. Using 2 commercial broiler houses, 3 in-house windrowing treatments were applied to built-up litter from multiple flock grow-out cycles and compared with traditional decaked, nonwindrowed litter management. Each windrowing treatment consisted of a 6-d windrow, composed of either decaked litter, caked litter incorporated into windrows, or decaked litter covered with a nonbreathable tarp. Each commercial broiler house was divided into sixteen 6.1 x 6.1-m plots with each treatment being replicated using 4 plots per house. Litter samples from each treatment plot were collected and analyzed for percent moisture, pH, and bacteria levels on d 0, 7, and 14 of the trial. Broiler chicks were placed in each house on d 7. Ammonia volatilization was assessed from each plot on d 7 and 14. Litter moisture decreased over time for all treatments and was not significantly different between treatments. Litter pH in all treatments decreased from d 7 to 14 with no differences between d 0 and 7. Temperatures for the decaked and cake-in treatments exceeded the temperature (50 degrees C) necessary to eliminate pathogenic bacteria, but the control and covered treatments did not. Ammonia volatilization was significantly less on d 14 compared with d 7, but was not different among the treatments. Aerobic, anaerobic, and coliform litter counts decreased from d 0 to 7 with no difference between d 7 and 14 and no treatment effect. In conclusion, no differences were found between the decaked control and windrowing treatments during the spring layout period studied. C1 [Barker, K. J.; Parker, H. M.; McDaniel, C. D.; Kiess, A. S.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Coufal, C. D.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Purswell, J. L.] USDA Agr Res Serv, Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Davis, J. D.] Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Kidd, M. T.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Poultry Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Kiess, AS (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM akiess@poultry.msstate.edu NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 1056-6171 EI 1537-0437 J9 J APPL POULTRY RES JI J. Appl. Poult. Res. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 22 IS 3 BP 551 EP 558 DI 10.3382/japr.2013-00744 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 301HG UT WOS:000330522800023 ER PT J AU Kogut, MH AF Kogut, Michael H. TI The gut microbiota and host innate immunity: Regulators of host metabolism and metabolic diseases in poultry? SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POULTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE gut microbiota; metabolism; nutrition; avian immunity; inflammation ID TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS; NF-KAPPA-B; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; INTESTINAL HOMEOSTASIS; COMMENSAL BACTERIA; ENERGY-METABOLISM; BROILER-CHICKENS; LIPID-METABOLISM; GERM-FREE; T-CELLS AB The endogenous intestinal microbiota represents the multitudes of microbes residing in the intestine and is integral in multiple physiological processes of the host, including being a key factor involved in host metabolism, BW, and energy homeostasis. The gut microflora, together with other environmental factors such as diet and stress, can play a central role in both immune and nutritional physiological balance. The immune response and nutrient metabolism are 2 fundamental biological systems indispensable to maintaining and preserving life. Each of these systems is capable of modulating the activity of the other to ensure that the host animal is capable of coordinating the appropriate responses under any conditions. Thus, metabolic systems are integrated with pathogen-sensing and immune responses, and these pathways are evolutionarily conserved. Several important networks sense and manage nutrients and integrate with immune and inflammatory pathways to influence the physiological and pathological metabolic states. For example, the Toll-like receptors family of the innate immune system, found on immune cells, intestinal cells, and adipocytes, recognize specific microbial components (e.g., lipopolysaccharides, lipoproteins, nucleic acids, and so on) and can sense nutritional signals, such as elevated glucose levels and saturated fatty acids. Likewise, metabolism-signaling pathways, such as leptin and other hormones, can also regulate immune functions. Thus, any immune alteration, specifically inflammation, can cause disturbances in host metabolism. Gut microbiota have evolved with the host as a mutualistic partner, but dysbiosis in the form of altered gut microbiome and gut microbial activities, as well as environmental factors including stress, may promote the development of metabolic disorders of poultry. Using mammalian studies as the experimental models, this review will provide evidence to hypothesize that intestinal dysbiosis or recognition of nutrient-derived factors (fatty acids and glucose) by the avian intestinal innate immune system could activate signaling pathways that affect the avian gut microbiota and induce the dysfunction of the integrated immune and nutritional metabolic systems that could be responsible for initiating many metabolic disorders of poultry. C1 ARS, USDA, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Kogut, MH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM mike.kogut@ars.usda.gov NR 104 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 9 U2 55 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 1056-6171 EI 1537-0437 J9 J APPL POULTRY RES JI J. Appl. Poult. Res. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 22 IS 3 BP 637 EP 646 DI 10.3382/japr.2013-00741 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 301HG UT WOS:000330522800032 ER PT J AU Peterson, SC AF Peterson, Steven C. TI Utilization of low-ash biochar to partially replace carbon black in styrene-butadiene rubber composites SO JOURNAL OF ELASTOMERS AND PLASTICS LA English DT Article DE Biochar; carbon black; SBR; rubber composite; elastomer ID CHEMICAL-STRUCTURE; ELASTOMER; PERFORMANCE; STARCH AB A biochar made from woody waste feedstock with low-ash content was blended with carbon black (CB) as filler for styrene-butadiene rubber. At 10% total filler concentration (w/w), composites made from 25% or 50% biochar showed improved tensile strength, elongation, and toughness compared with similar composites filled with CB. This demonstrates the potential to use renewable biochar as a partial substitute for CB in flexible, low-filler rubber composite applications. C1 USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Peterson, SC (reprint author), USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Steve.Peterson@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 7 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0095-2443 EI 1530-8006 J9 J ELASTOM PLAST JI J. Elastomer Plast. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 45 IS 5 BP 487 EP 497 DI 10.1177/0095244312459181 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA 301JS UT WOS:000330529200006 ER PT J AU Thompson, MP Scott, J Langowski, PG Gilbertson-Day, JW Haas, JR Bowne, EM AF Thompson, Matthew P. Scott, Joe Langowski, Paul G. Gilbertson-Day, Julie W. Haas, Jessica R. Bowne, Elise M. TI Assessing Watershed-Wildfire Risks on National Forest System Lands in the Rocky Mountain Region of the United States SO WATER LA English DT Article DE exposure; fuel treatment; prioritization; risk; water quality; watershed health; wildfire ID WILDLAND FIRE; LAKE TAHOE; CALIFORNIA; EXPOSURE; FUELS; SIMULATION; MANAGEMENT; CHEMISTRY; COLORADO; EROSION AB Wildfires can cause significant negative impacts to water quality with resultant consequences for the environment and human health and safety, as well as incurring substantial rehabilitation and water treatment costs. In this paper we will illustrate how state-of-the-art wildfire simulation modeling and geospatial risk assessment methods can be brought to bear to identify and prioritize at-risk watersheds for risk mitigation treatments, in both pre-fire and post-fire planning contexts. Risk assessment results can be particularly useful for prioritizing management of hazardous fuels to lessen the severity and likely impacts of future wildfires, where budgetary and other constraints limit the amount of area that can be treated. Specifically we generate spatially resolved estimates of wildfire likelihood and intensity, and couple that information with spatial data on watershed location and watershed erosion potential to quantify watershed exposure and risk. For a case study location we focus on National Forest System lands in the Rocky Mountain Region of the United States. The Region houses numerous watersheds that are critically important to drinking water supplies and that have been impacted or threatened by large wildfires in recent years. Assessment results are the culmination of a broader multi-year science-management partnership intended to have direct bearing on wildfire management decision processes in the Region. Our results suggest substantial variation in the exposure of and likely effects to highly valued watersheds throughout the Region, which carry significant implications for prioritization. In particular we identified the San Juan National Forest as having the highest concentration of at-risk highly valued watersheds, as well as the greatest amount of risk that can be mitigated via hazardous fuel reduction treatments. To conclude we describe future opportunities and challenges for management of wildfire-watershed interactions. C1 [Thompson, Matthew P.; Gilbertson-Day, Julie W.; Haas, Jessica R.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59807 USA. [Scott, Joe] Pyrologix LLC, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. [Langowski, Paul G.; Bowne, Elise M.] US Forest Serv, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Thompson, MP (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, POB 7669, Missoula, MT 59807 USA. EM mpthompson02@fs.fed.us; joe.scott@pyrologix.com; plangowski@fs.fed.us; jgilbertsonday@fs.fed.us; jrhaas@fs.fed.us; embowne@fs.fed.us FU National Fire Decision Support Center; Rocky Mountain Research Station FX We would like to thank the many individuals the Rocky Mountain Region who participated in this assessment, in particular the resource specialists who helped define response functions and members of regional leadership who helped articulate assessment endpoints and management priorities. Don Helmbrecht helped outline the fire modeling and assessment process, Karen Short provided assistance with fire modeling and fire history data, and Jim Menakis and Dave Calkin helped get the collaboration up and running. The National Fire Decision Support Center and the Rocky Mountain Research Station supported this effort. NR 55 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 41 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2073-4441 J9 WATER-SUI JI Water PD SEP PY 2013 VL 5 IS 3 BP 945 EP 971 DI 10.3390/w5030945 PG 27 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 301FI UT WOS:000330517800005 ER PT J AU St Clair, JB Kilkenny, FF Johnson, RC Shaw, NL Weaver, G AF St Clair, John Bradley Kilkenny, Francis F. Johnson, Richard C. Shaw, Nancy L. Weaver, George TI Genetic variation in adaptive traits and seed transfer zones for Pseudoroegneria spicata (bluebunch wheatgrass) in the northwestern United States SO EVOLUTIONARY APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE climate change; genecology; plant adaptation; Pseudoroegneria spicata; seed transfer; seed zones ID INTERMOUNTAIN WEST; CONCEPTUAL ISSUES; LOCAL ADAPTATION; RESTORATION; PATTERNS; SQUIRRELTAIL; POPULATIONS; GENECOLOGY; STRATEGIES; SEEDLINGS AB A genecological approach was used to explore genetic variation in adaptive traits in Pseudoroegneria spicata, a key restoration grass, in the intermountain western United States. Common garden experiments were established at three contrasting sites with seedlings from two maternal parents from each of 114 populations along with five commercial releases commonly used in restoration. Traits associated with size, flowering phenology, and leaf width varied considerably among populations and were moderately correlated with the climates of the seed sources. Pseudoroegneria spicata populations from warm, arid source environments were smaller with earlier phenology and had relatively narrow leaves than those from mild climates with cool summers, warm winters, low seasonal temperature differentials, high precipitation, and low aridity. Later phenology was generally associated with populations from colder climates. Releases were larger and more fecund than most of the native ecotypes, but were similar to native populations near their source of origin. Differences among native populations associated with source climates that are logical for survival, growth, and reproduction indicate that genetic variation across the landscape is adaptive and should be considered during restoration. Results were used to delineate seed transfer zones and population movement guidelines to ensure adapted plant materials for restoration activities. C1 [St Clair, John Bradley; Kilkenny, Francis F.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Johnson, Richard C.] ARS, USDA, Pullman, WA USA. [Shaw, Nancy L.] ARS, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Boise, ID USA. [Weaver, George] Oregon State Univ, Dept Stat, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP St Clair, JB (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM bstclair@fs.fed.us FU USDI Bureau of Land Management Great Basin Restoration Initiative; USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station's Great Basin Native Plant Selection and Increase Project FX The authors would like to acknowledge considerable help from technicians including E. Denney, M. Fisk, T. Putensen, J. Riddle, and M. Scholten. Seeds for populations for this study were collected and contributed by numerous individuals working for the USDA Forest Service, USDA Agricultural Research Service, USDI Bureau of Land Management, USDI National Park Service, US Department of Defense, Washington State Department of Natural Resources, The Nature Conservancy, and the Yakama Nation. Funding was provided in part by the USDI Bureau of Land Management Great Basin Restoration Initiative, and the USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station's Great Basin Native Plant Selection and Increase Project. NR 43 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 30 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1752-4571 J9 EVOL APPL JI Evol. Appl. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 6 IS 6 BP 933 EP 948 DI 10.1111/eva.12077 PG 16 WC Evolutionary Biology SC Evolutionary Biology GA 296IH UT WOS:000330178000006 ER PT J AU Hayden, KJ Garbelotto, M Dodd, R Wright, JW AF Hayden, Katherine J. Garbelotto, Matteo Dodd, Richard Wright, Jessica W. TI Scaling up from greenhouse resistance to fitness in the field for a host of an emerging forest disease SO EVOLUTIONARY APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE forest management; generalized linear mixed models; host-parasite interactions; invasive species; natural selection and contemporary evolution; quantitative genetics; sudden oak death; survival analysis ID SUDDEN OAK DEATH; ASH FRAXINUS-EXCELSIOR; PHYTOPHTHORA-RAMORUM; LITHOCARPUS-DENSIFLORUS; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; CALIFORNIA FORESTS; BLISTER RUST; PATHOGEN; TANOAK; TREES AB Forest systems are increasingly threatened by emergent, exotic diseases, yet management strategies for forest trees may be hindered by long generation times and scant background knowledge. We tested whether nursery disease resistance and growth traits have predictive value for the conservation of Notholithocarpus densiflorus, the host most susceptible to sudden oak death. We established three experimental populations to assess nursery growth and resistance to Phytophthora ramorum, and correlations between nursery-derived breeding values with seedling survival in a field disease trial. Estimates of nursery traits' heritability were low to moderate, with lowest estimates for resistance traits. Within the field trial, survival likelihood was increased in larger seedlings and decreased with the development of disease symptoms. The seed-parent family wide likelihood of survival was likewise correlated with family predictors for size and resistance to disease in 2nd year laboratory assays, though not resistance in 1st year leaf assays. We identified traits and seedling families with increased survivorship in planted tanoaks, and a framework to further identify seed parents favored for restoration. The additive genetic variation and seedling disease dynamics we describe hold promise to refine current disease models and expand the understanding of evolutionary dynamics of emergent infectious diseases in highly susceptible hosts. C1 [Hayden, Katherine J.; Garbelotto, Matteo; Dodd, Richard] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Wright, Jessica W.] Forest Serv Davis, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, Davis, CA USA. RP Hayden, KJ (reprint author), INRA Ctr Nancy, UMR 1136, Route Arboretum, F-54280 Champenoux, France. EM kat.j.hayden@gmail.com FU Santa Lucia Conservancy; Sudden Oak Death Research Program, USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station; MROSD; PRNS FX We thank A. Lundquist, B. Rotz, D. Schmidt, J. Baldwin, A. Delfino-Mix, D. Johnson, P. Hodgkiss, R. Stutts, D. Vogler, and students and staff at UCD and UCB; Z. Afzal-Rafii, L. Arguello, M. Bueno, A. Forrestel and staff, Point Reyes National Seashore (PRNS), C. Lee, W. Mayer, C. Roessler and volunteers, Midpeninsula Regional Open Space District (MROSD) for acorns; D. Rizzo for isolate Pr52; E. Simms for early comments; the Santa Lucia Conservancy; and the Sudden Oak Death Research Program, USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station; the MROSD, and PRNS for funding; and especially S. Frankel and R. Sniezko of the USDA Forest Service for invaluable discussions. NR 76 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 26 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1752-4571 J9 EVOL APPL JI Evol. Appl. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 6 IS 6 BP 970 EP 982 DI 10.1111/eva.12080 PG 13 WC Evolutionary Biology SC Evolutionary Biology GA 296IH UT WOS:000330178000009 PM 24062805 ER PT J AU Hanhineva, K Barri, T Kolehmainen, M Pekkinen, J Pihlajamaki, J Vesterbacka, A Solano-Aguilar, G Mykkanen, H Dragsted, LO Urban, JF Poutanen, K AF Hanhineva, Kati Barri, Thaer Kolehmainen, Marjukka Pekkinen, Jenna Pihlajamaki, Jussi Vesterbacka, Arto Solano-Aguilar, Gloria Mykkanen, Hannu Dragsted, Lars Ove Urban, Joseph F., Jr. Poutanen, Kaisa TI Comparative Nontargeted Profiling of Metabolic Changes in Tissues and Biofluids in High-Fat Diet-Fed Ossabaw Pig SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE metabolite profiling; metabolomics; high-fat diet; nutrition; pig ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; MICROBIAL-METABOLISM; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; NUTRITION RESEARCH; MINIATURE SWINE; INDUCED OBESITY; GUT MICROBIOME; TOF MS; PLASMA AB Typical clinical biomarker analyses on urine and plasma samples from human dietary interventions do not provide adequate information about diet-induced metabolic changes taking place in tissues. The aim of this study was to show how a large-scale nontargeted metabolomic approach can be used to reveal metabolite groups for generating new hypotheses of obesity-related metabolic disturbances produced in an animal model. A large spectrum of metabolites in the semipolar region, including small water-soluble molecules like betaine and dihydroxyindole, and a wide range of bile acids as well as various lipid species were detected. The high-fat diet influenced metabolic homeostasis of Ossabaw pigs, especially the lipid metabolome, throughout all the analyzed sample types, including plasma, urine, bile, liver, pancreas, brain cortex, intestinal jejunum and proximal colon. However, even dramatic metabolic changes in tissues were not necessarily observed in plasma and urine. Metabolite profiling involving multiple sample types was shown to be a feasible method for the examination of a wide spectrum of metabolic species extending from small water-soluble metabolites to an array of bile acids and lipids, thus pointing to the pathways of metabolism affected by the dietary treatment. C1 [Hanhineva, Kati; Kolehmainen, Marjukka; Pekkinen, Jenna; Pihlajamaki, Jussi; Vesterbacka, Arto; Mykkanen, Hannu; Poutanen, Kaisa] Univ Eastern Finland, Inst Publ Hlth & Clin Nutr, FIN-70211 Kuopio, Finland. [Barri, Thaer; Dragsted, Lars Ove] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Nutr Exercise & Sport, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. [Solano-Aguilar, Gloria; Urban, Joseph F., Jr.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Poutanen, Kaisa] VTT Tech Res Ctr Finland, FI-02044 Espoo, Finland. RP Hanhineva, K (reprint author), Univ Eastern Finland, Inst Publ Hlth & Clin Nutr, POB 1627, FIN-70211 Kuopio, Finland. EM kati.hanhineva@uef.fi RI Dragsted, Lars/N-3384-2014; OI Dragsted, Lars/0000-0003-0609-6317; Urban, Joseph/0000-0002-1590-8869 FU Nordforsk Nordic Centre of Excellence; Academy of Finland; USDA/ARS [1235-51530-053-00D] FX The funding from the Nordforsk Nordic Centre of Excellence projects "HELGA - whole grains and health" and "SYSDIET - Systems biology in controlled dietary interventions and cohort studies" is gratefully acknowledged, as well as funding from Academy of Finland. A portion of the study was funded by USDA/ARS Project Plan 1235-51530-053-00D. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA; the USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 65 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 29 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1535-3893 EI 1535-3907 J9 J PROTEOME RES JI J. Proteome Res. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 12 IS 9 BP 3980 EP 3992 DI 10.1021/pr400257d PG 13 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 295WT UT WOS:000330147800015 PM 23805856 ER PT J AU Varela-Moreiras, G Merino, LFA Aperte, EA Bartrina, JA Torres, JMA Lain, SA Cortes, SB Garcia, LC Saavedra, MAD Rubio, AD Aza, MG Luna, PPG Hernandez, AG Gonzalez-Gross, M Diaz-Ufano, MLL Sanchez, AM Munoz, EMD Vizcaino, VM Aznar, LM Ramos, JJM Munoz, JMO Anta, MRO Gil-Antunano, NP Oliver, AP Rodrigo, CP Servan, PR Majem, LS Mari, JT de Andres, RU Moreiras, GV Salvador, ZN AF Varela-Moreiras, Gregorio Alguacil Merino, Luis Fernando Alonso Aperte, Elena Aranceta Bartrina, Javier Avila Torres, Jose Manuel Aznar Lain, Susama Belmonte Cortes, Susana Cabrerizo Garcia, Lucio Dal Re Saavedra, Maria Angeles Delgado Rubio, Alfonso Garaulet Aza, Marta Garcia Luna, Pedro Pablo Gil Hernandez, Angel Gonzalez-Gross, Marcela Lopez Diaz-Ufano, Maria Luisa Marcos Sanchez, Ascension de Victoria Munoz, Emilio Martinez Martinez Vizcaino, Vicente Moreno Aznar, Luis Murillo Ramos, Juan Jose Ordovas Munoz, Jose Maria Ortega Anta, Ma Rosa Palacios Gil-Antunano, Nieves Palm Oliver, Andreu Perez Rodrigo, Carmen Riobo Servan, Prar Serra Majem, Lluis Tur Mari, Josep Urrialde de Andres, Rafael Varela Moreiras, Gregorio Navarro, Zamora Salvador TI Obesity and sedentarism in the 21st century: what can be done and what must be done? SO NUTRICION HOSPITALARIA LA English DT Article ID PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; MEDITERRANEAN DIET; LIFE-STYLE; SPANISH ADOLESCENTS; METABOLIC SYNDROME; OVERWEIGHT; CHILDREN; PREVENTION; RISK; NUTRITION C1 [Alguacil Merino, Luis Fernando; Alonso Aperte, Elena; Delgado Rubio, Alfonso; Varela Moreiras, Gregorio] CEU San Pablo Univ, Madrid, Spain. [Aranceta Bartrina, Javier] Univ Navarra, E-31080 Pamplona, Spain. [Avila Torres, Jose Manuel] Spanish Nutr Fdn FEN, Madrid, Spain. [Aznar Lain, Susama] Univ Castilla La Mancha, Toledo, OH USA. [Belmonte Cortes, Susana] Community Madrid, Council Hlth, Madrid, Spain. [Cabrerizo Garcia, Lucio] San Carlos Univ, Clin Hosp, Madrid, Spain. [Dal Re Saavedra, Maria Angeles] Spanish Agcy Food Safety & Nutr AESAN, Madrid, Spain. [Garaulet Aza, Marta] Univ Murcia, E-30001 Murcia, Spain. [Garcia Luna, Pedro Pablo] Univ Seville, Seville, Spain. [Gil Hernandez, Angel; de Victoria Munoz, Emilio Martinez] Univ Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain. [Gonzalez-Gross, Marcela] Univ Politecn Madrid, Madrid, Spain. [Lopez Diaz-Ufano, Maria Luisa] Spanish Soc Primary Care Phys SEMERGEN, Madrid, Spain. [Marcos Sanchez, Ascension] Inst Food Sci Technol & Nutr ICTANCSIC, Madrid, Spain. [Martinez Vizcaino, Vicente] Univ Castilla La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain. [Moreno Aznar, Luis] Univ Zaragoza, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain. [Murillo Ramos, Juan Jose] Community Madrid, Council Educ, Madrid, Spain. [Ordovas Munoz, Jose Maria] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ortega Anta, Ma Rosa] Univ Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Palacios Gil-Antunano, Nieves] High Council Sports CSD, Madrid, Spain. [Palm Oliver, Andreu; Tur Mari, Josep] Univ Balearic Isl, Palma De Mallorca, Spain. [Perez Rodrigo, Carmen] Unit Community Nutr, Bilbao, Spain. [Riobo Servan, Prar] Jimenez Diaz Hosp Fdn, Madrid, Spain. [Serra Majem, Lluis] Univ Las Palmas Gran Canaria, Las Palmas Gran Canaria, Spain. [Urrialde de Andres, Rafael] Coca Cola Iberia, Madrid, Spain. [Navarro, Zamora Salvador] Univ Murcia, E-30001 Murcia, Spain. RP Varela-Moreiras, G (reprint author), Univ CEU San Pablo, Fac Farm, Crta Boadilla,Km 5,3, Madrid 28668, Spain. EM gvarela@ceu.es RI Gil, Angel/L-2275-2014; IBIS, ENDOCRINAS/P-3831-2015 OI Gil, Angel/0000-0001-7663-0939; NR 104 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 23 PU AULA MEDICA EDICIONES PI MADRID PA C/ISABEL COLBRAND, 10-12 NAVE 78 S PLANTA CIUDAD INDUSTRIAL VENECIA-EDIFICIO ALFA, MADRID, 28050, SPAIN SN 0212-1611 J9 NUTR HOSP JI Nutr. Hosp. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 28 SU 5 BP 1 EP 12 PG 12 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 295DG UT WOS:000330096200001 PM 24010739 ER PT J AU Munoz, JMO AF Ordovas Munoz, Jose Maria TI Predictors of obesity: the "power" of the omics SO NUTRICION HOSPITALARIA LA English DT Article DE Nutrigenomics; Metabolomics; Epigenomics; Chronobiology; Obesity ID GENE; NUTRITION; DIET; FAT AB During the entire 20th Century, nutrition research experienced and amazing interest and development fueled by the initial success on the fields of malnutrition and the discovery of vitamins and other essential nutrients. During the second part of the Century, it was realized that most common diseases (i.e., cardiovascular diseases, cancer and obesity) had a strong nutritional component. However, from the public health perspective as well as from the point of view of the individual recommendations, current recommendations for healthy nutrition resemble those provided over one hundred years ago. Therefore, modern nutritional research has a great potential of still contributing to improved health for future generations, assuming that the new developments in research and technologies are applied to nutritional problems. Nutrition research must embrace state of the art epidemiology, objective food assessment tools, genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, metagenomics, advanced biostatistics, imaging, challenge tests, and integration of all data by bioinformatics, under the umbrella of molecular nutrition research. The ultimate goals of future nutritional research are to understand the detailed mechanisms of action for how nutrients/foods interact with the body and with the individual genomes to further the advance of nutrigenomics, thereby providing new tools for disease prevention and treatment. C1 [Ordovas Munoz, Jose Maria] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ordovas Munoz, Jose Maria] IMDEA Alimentac, Madrid, Spain. RP Munoz, JMO (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM Jose.Ordovas@tufts.edu NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 13 PU AULA MEDICA EDICIONES PI MADRID PA C/ISABEL COLBRAND, 10-12 NAVE 78 S PLANTA CIUDAD INDUSTRIAL VENECIA-EDIFICIO ALFA, MADRID, 28050, SPAIN SN 0212-1611 J9 NUTR HOSP JI Nutr. Hosp. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 28 SU 5 BP 63 EP 72 PG 10 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 295DG UT WOS:000330096200007 PM 24010745 ER PT J AU Hulet, A Roundy, BA Petersen, SL Jensen, RR Bunting, SC AF Hulet, April Roundy, Bruce A. Petersen, Steven L. Jensen, Ryan R. Bunting, Stephen C. TI Assessing the Relationship between Ground Measurements and Object-Based Image Analysis of Land Cover Classes in Pinyon and Juniper Woodands SO PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERING AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID VEHICLE UAV IMAGERY; RANGELAND MANAGEMENT; SPATIAL INFORMATION; WESTERN JUNIPER; SEGMENTATION; CLASSIFICATION; ENCROACHMENT; VEGETATION; WOODLANDS; AERIAL AB Land managers need to rapidly assess vegetation composition and bare ground to effectively evaluate and manage shrub steppe communities that have been encroached by pinyon and juniper trees. We used an object-based image analysis (OBIA) approach to estimate land cover classes found in pinyon-juniper woodlands, and evaluated the relationship between ground measurements and OBIA land cover measurements. We acquired high-spatial resolution color-infrared imagery for five sites with a Vexcel UltraCamX digital camera in June 2009. We simultaneously collected ground-based cover measurements within 30 m x 33 m subplots. OBIA mean land cover class differences by site ranged from underestimating litter by 3 percent to overestimating live trees by 1 percent when compared to ground-based measurements. Overall accuracy for thematic maps was 84 percent with a Kappa statistic of 0.80. Although OBIA cover estimates varied slightly from ground cover estimates, methods provide land managers with options for prioritizing management practices and enabling monitoring at an operational scale. C1 [Hulet, April] USDA ARS, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR 97720 USA. [Hulet, April; Roundy, Bruce A.; Petersen, Steven L.] Brigham Young Univ, Plant & Wildlife Sci Dept, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Jensen, Ryan R.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Geog, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Bunting, Stephen C.] Univ Idaho, Dept Forest Rangeland & Fire Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. RP Hulet, A (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, 67826-A Highway 205, Burns, OR 97720 USA. EM april.hulet@oregonstate.edu RI Ma, Lei/I-4597-2014 FU US Joint Fire Science Program; Bureau of Land Management; National Interagency Fire Center; Brigham Young University FX This is Contribution Number 72 of the Sagebrush Steppe Treatment Evaluation Project (SageSTEP). Funding was provided by the US Joint Fire Science Program, the Bureau of Land Management, the National Interagency Fire Center, and Brigham Young University. The authors wish to thank the SageSTEP research team, particularly James McIver and the sagebrush woodland principle investigators Richard Miller, Robin Tausch, and Jeanne Chambers, as well as the wood-land sites managers, Brad Jessop, Jaime Ratchford, and Travis Miller for substantial field support. NR 49 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 19 PU AMER SOC PHOTOGRAMMETRY PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 210, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2160 USA SN 0099-1112 J9 PHOTOGRAMM ENG REM S JI Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 79 IS 9 BP 799 EP 808 PG 10 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Physical Geography; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 295CE UT WOS:000330093400004 ER PT J AU Schwabenlander, MD Culhane, MR Hall, SM Goyal, SM Anderson, PL Carstensen, M Wells, SJ Slade, WB Armien, AG AF Schwabenlander, Marc D. Culhane, Marie R. Hall, S. Mark Goyal, Sagar M. Anderson, Paul L. Carstensen, Michelle Wells, Scott J. Slade, William B. Armien, Anibal G. TI A case of chronic wasting disease in a captive red deer (Cervus elaphus) SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Chronic wasting disease; prion; red deer; transmissible spongiform encephalopathy ID RESISTANT PRION PROTEIN; ROCKY-MOUNTAIN ELK; INTRACEREBRAL INOCULATION; SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY; ODOCOILEUS-HEMIONUS; SHEEP SCRAPIE; MULE DEER; NELSONI; TRANSMISSION AB A 22-month-old, female red deer (Cervus elaphus) was submitted to the University of Minnesota Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory for necropsy and chronic wasting disease (CWD) testing. The deer was found positive for the abnormal prion protein in the obex and the retropharyngeal lymph node by immunohistochemical staining. Microscopic lesions of spongiform encephalopathy and immunohistochemical staining patterns and intensity were similar to those in CWD-positive elk and experimentally infected red deer. C1 [Schwabenlander, Marc D.; Culhane, Marie R.; Goyal, Sagar M.; Armien, Anibal G.] Univ Minnesota, Vet Diagnost Lab, Coll Vet Med, St Paul, MN 55113 USA. [Hall, S. Mark] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Ames, IA USA. [Anderson, Paul L.] Minnesota Board Anim Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Carstensen, Michelle] Minnesota Dept Nat Resources, St Paul, MN USA. [Wells, Scott J.] Univ Minnesota, Ctr Anim Hlth & Food Safety, Coll Vet Med, St Paul, MN 55113 USA. [Slade, William B.] North Oaks Farms LLC, North Oaks, MN USA. RP Schwabenlander, MD (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Vet Diagnost Lab, 1333 Gortner Ave, St Paul, MN 55113 USA. EM schwa239@umn.edu NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1040-6387 EI 1943-4936 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 25 IS 5 BP 573 EP 576 DI 10.1177/1040638713499914 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 289CX UT WOS:000329660100003 PM 23950558 ER PT J AU Maia, LA de Lucena, RB Nobre, VMD Dantas, AFM Colegate, SM Riet-Correa, F AF Maia, Lisanka A. de Lucena, Ricardo B. Nobre, Veronica M. da T. Dantas, Antonio F. M. Colegate, Steven M. Riet-Correa, Franklin TI Natural and experimental poisoning of goats with the pyrrolizidine alkaloid-producing plant Crotalaria retusa L. SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Goats; liver necrosis; monocrotaline; pyrrolizidine alkaloids ID DEHYDROPYRROLIZIDINE ALKALOIDS; SHEEP; RESISTANCE AB Crotalaria retusa L. (rattleweed), estimated to contain about 4.96% monocrotaline (MCT) in the seed, was associated with a natural poisoning outbreak in goats. The poisoning was experimentally reproduced by the administration of C. retusa seeds containing approximately 4.49% of MCT. Thus, 1 of 3 goats given a single dose of 5 g/kg bodyweight (bw) of seeds (248 mg MCT/kg bw) and 2 goats given a single dose of 347 mg MCT/kg bw showed acute clinical signs and were euthanized 10-11 days after dosing. Clinical signs and gross and histologic lesions were characteristic of acute centrilobular liver necrosis. C1 [Maia, Lisanka A.; de Lucena, Ricardo B.; Nobre, Veronica M. da T.; Dantas, Antonio F. M.; Riet-Correa, Franklin] Univ Fed Campina Grande, Vet Hosp, BR-58700000 Patos de Minas, Paraiba, Brazil. [Colegate, Steven M.] ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, USDA, Logan, UT USA. RP Riet-Correa, F (reprint author), Univ Fed Campina Grande, Vet Hosp, CSTR, Campus Patos, BR-58700000 Patos de Minas, Paraiba, Brazil. EM franklin.riet@pq.cnpq.br FU National Institute for Science and Technology for the Control of Plant Poisonings, National Council of Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [573534/2008-0] FX The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This work was supported by National Institute for Science and Technology for the Control of Plant Poisonings, National Council of Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq; grant no. 573534/2008-0). NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1040-6387 EI 1943-4936 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 25 IS 5 BP 592 EP 595 DI 10.1177/1040638713495544 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 289CX UT WOS:000329660100006 PM 23847092 ER PT J AU McCluskey, BJ Pelzel-McCluskey, AM Creekmore, L Schiltz, J AF McCluskey, Brian J. Pelzel-McCluskey, Angela M. Creekmore, Lynn Schiltz, John TI Vesicular stomatitis outbreak in the southwestern United States, 2012 SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Molecular epidemiology; vesicular stomatitis AB Vesicular stomatitis is a viral disease primarily affecting horses and cattle when it occurs in the United States. Outbreaks in the southwestern United States occur sporadically, with initial cases typically occurring in Texas, New Mexico, or Arizona and subsequent cases occurring in a northward progression. The viruses causing vesicular stomatitis can be transmitted by direct contact of lesioned animals with other susceptible animals, but transmission is primarily through arthropod vectors. In 2012, an outbreak of vesicular stomatitis in the United States occurred that was caused by Vesicular stomatitis New Jersey virus serotype. Overall, 51 horses on 36 premises in 2 states were confirmed positive. Phylogenetic analysis of the virus indicated that it was most closely related to viruses detected in the state of Veracruz, Mexico, in 2000. C1 [McCluskey, Brian J.; Pelzel-McCluskey, Angela M.; Creekmore, Lynn] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Vet Serv, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Schiltz, John] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Natl Vet Serv Lab, Ames, IA USA. RP McCluskey, BJ (reprint author), 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg B, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM brian.j.mccluskey@aphis.usda.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1040-6387 EI 1943-4936 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 25 IS 5 BP 608 EP 613 DI 10.1177/1040638713497945 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 289CX UT WOS:000329660100010 PM 23883666 ER PT J AU Dougherty, AMF Cornish, TE O'Toole, D Boerger-Fields, AM Henderson, OL Mills, KW AF Dougherty, Amanda M. Fluegel Cornish, Todd E. O'Toole, Donal Boerger-Fields, Amy M. Henderson, Owen L. Mills, Ken W. TI Abortion and premature birth in cattle following vaccination with Brucella abortus strain RB51 SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Abortion; bovine; Brucella abortus; cattle; placentitis; premature; RB51; vaccination; zoonotic disease ID PREGNANT CATTLE; HEIFERS; RESPONSES; EFFICACY; COWS AB Brucella abortus RB51 is the vaccine strain currently licensed for immunizing cattle against brucellosis in the United States. Most cattle are vaccinated as heifer calves at 4-12 months of age. Adult cattle may be vaccinated in selected high-risk situations. Two herds of pregnant adult cattle in the brucellosis-endemic area of Wyoming were vaccinated with a standard label dose (1.0-3.4 x 10(10) organisms) of RB51. Reproductive losses in the vaccinated herds were 5.3% (herd A) and 0.6% (herd B) and included abortions, stillbirths, premature calves, and unbred cows (presumed early abortion). Brucella abortus was cultured from multiple tissues of aborted and premature calves (7/9), and from placenta. Isolates were identified as B. abortus strain RB51 by standard strain typing procedures and a species-specific polymerase chain reaction. Bronchopneumonia with intralesional bacteria and placentitis were observed microscopically. There was no evidence of involvement of other infectious or toxic causes of abortion. Producers, veterinarians, and laboratory staff should be alert to the risk of abortion when pregnant cattle are vaccinated with RB51, to potential human exposure, and to the importance of distinguishing field from vaccinal strains of B. abortus. C1 [Dougherty, Amanda M. Fluegel; Cornish, Todd E.; O'Toole, Donal; Mills, Ken W.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Vet Sci, Laramie, WY 82070 USA. [Cornish, Todd E.; O'Toole, Donal; Boerger-Fields, Amy M.; Mills, Ken W.] Wyoming State Vet Lab, Laramie, WY USA. [Henderson, Owen L.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Daniel, WY USA. RP Dougherty, AMF (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Vet Sci, 1174 Snowy Range Rd, Laramie, WY 82070 USA. EM afluegel@uwyo.edu FU USDA Animal Health Program [WYO-397-05] FX The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: Portions of this work were supported by the USDA Animal Health Program WYO-397-05. NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 8 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1040-6387 EI 1943-4936 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 25 IS 5 BP 630 EP 635 DI 10.1177/1040638713499570 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 289CX UT WOS:000329660100014 ER PT J AU Stevenson, GW Hoang, H Schwartz, KJ Burrough, ER Sun, D Madson, D Cooper, VL Pillatzki, A Gauger, P Schmitt, BJ Koster, LG Killian, ML Yoon, KJ AF Stevenson, Gregory W. Hoang, Hai Schwartz, Kent J. Burrough, Eric R. Sun, Dong Madson, Darin Cooper, Vickie L. Pillatzki, Angela Gauger, Philip Schmitt, Beverly J. Koster, Leo G. Killian, Mary L. Yoon, Kyoungjin J. TI Emergence of Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in the United States: clinical signs, lesions, and viral genomic sequences SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Diarrhea; enteric disease; porcine; Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus ID TISSUES AB During the 10 days commencing April 29, 2013, the Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory received the first 4 of many submissions from swine farms experiencing explosive epidemics of diarrhea and vomiting affecting all ages, with 90-95% mortality in suckling pigs. Histology revealed severe atrophy of villi in all segments of the small intestines with occasional villus-epithelial syncytial cells, but testing for rotaviruses and Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (Alphacoronavirus 1) were negative. Negative-staining electron microscopy of feces revealed coronavirus-like particles and a pan-coronavirus polymerase chain reaction (PCR) designed to amplify a conserved region of the polymerase gene for all members in the family Coronaviridae produced expected 251-bp amplicons. Subsequent sequencing and analysis revealed 99.6-100% identity among the PCR amplicons from the 4 farms and 97-99% identity to the corresponding portion of the polymerase gene of Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) strains, with the highest identity (99%) to strains from China in 2012. Findings were corroborated at National Veterinary Services Laboratories using 2 nested S-gene and 1 nested N-gene PCR tests where the sequenced amplicons also had the highest identity with 2012 China strains. Whole genome sequence for the virus from 2 farms in 2 different states using next-generation sequencing technique was compared to PEDV sequences available in GenBank. The 2013 U.S. PEDV had 96.6-99.5% identity with all known PEDV strains and the highest identity (>99.0%) to some of the 2011-2012 Chinese strains. The nearly simultaneous outbreaks of disease, and high degree of homology (99.6-100%) between the PEDV strains from the 4 unrelated farms, suggests a common source of virus. C1 [Stevenson, Gregory W.; Schwartz, Kent J.; Burrough, Eric R.; Madson, Darin; Cooper, Vickie L.; Pillatzki, Angela; Gauger, Philip; Yoon, Kyoungjin J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Vet Diagnost & Prod Anim Med, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Hoang, Hai; Sun, Dong] Iowa State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Prevent Med, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Schmitt, Beverly J.; Koster, Leo G.; Killian, Mary L.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Diagnost Virol Lab, Natl Vet Serv Labs, USDA,Vet Serv, Ames, IA USA. RP Stevenson, GW (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Vet Diagnost Lab, 1600 South 16th St, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM stevengw@iastate.edu; kyoon@iastate.edu NR 6 TC 169 Z9 180 U1 8 U2 80 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1040-6387 EI 1943-4936 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 25 IS 5 BP 649 EP 654 DI 10.1177/1040638713501675 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 289CX UT WOS:000329660100018 PM 23963154 ER PT J AU Osteen, CD Fernandez-Cornejo, J AF Osteen, Craig D. Fernandez-Cornejo, Jorge TI Economic and policy issues of US agricultural pesticide use trends SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE pesticide use; pesticide regulation; FIFRA; Food Quality Protection Act ID CROP INSURANCE; PEST-MANAGEMENT; MORAL HAZARD; RESISTANCE; DECISIONS AB BACKGROUND: This paper discusses U. S. agricultural pesticide use trends from 1964 to 2010 based on estimates developed from USDA surveys, and the influence of economic factors, agricultural policy, and pesticide regulation on aggregate quantities and mix of pesticides used. RESULTS: Synthetic organic pesticide use grew dramatically from the 1960s to the early 1980s, as farmers treated more and more acreage. Use then stabilized, with herbicides applied to about 95% of corn, cotton, and soybean acres, annually. Subsequently, major factors affecting trends were: (1) changes in crop acreage and other economic factors, (2) use of new pesticides that reduced per-acre application rates and/or met more rigorous health and environmental standards, and (3) adoption of genetically engineered insect-resistant and herbicide-tolerant crops. CONCLUSION: The use of pesticides and other control practices responded to economic factors such as input and output markets and agricultural policies. Changing societal values toward pesticide risks and benefits profoundly affected pesticide policy, influencing the pesticides available for use, but only indirectly affecting aggregate quantities used. While the current pesticide regulatory process might have economic inefficiencies, it might be consistent with policy preferences held by much of the public - to reduce pesticide hazards rather than minimize regulatory costs. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Osteen, Craig D.; Fernandez-Cornejo, Jorge] USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20024 USA. RP Osteen, CD (reprint author), 1400 Independence Ave SW,Mail Stop 1800, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM costeen@ers.usda.gov NR 85 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 8 U2 83 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1526-498X EI 1526-4998 J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 69 IS 9 BP 1001 EP 1025 DI 10.1002/ps.3529 PG 25 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA 283WV UT WOS:000329278600003 PM 23483682 ER PT J AU Wen, YH Meyer, SLF Masler, EP Zhang, FX Liao, JL Wei, XY Chitwood, DJ AF Wen, Yanhua Meyer, Susan L. F. Masler, Edward P. Zhang, Fengxian Liao, Jinling Wei, Xiaoyi Chitwood, David J. TI Nematotoxicity of drupacine and a Cephalotaxus alkaloid preparation against the plant-parasitic nematodes Meloidogyne incognita and Bursaphelenchus xylophilus SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE alkaloid; Bursaphelenchus; Meloidogyne; natural product; nematicide; nematode; Panagrellus; phytochemical; pinewood nematode; root-knot nematode ID PINE WOOD NEMATODES; NEMATOCIDAL ACTIVITY; ANTHELMINTIC ACTIVITY; CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; HETERODERA-GLYCINES; PERFORMANCE; EXTRACTS; EXPOSURE; SINENSIS AB BackgroundSpecies of Cephalotaxus (the plum yews) produce nematotoxic compounds of unknown identity. Consequently, bioassay-guided fractionation was employed to identify the compound(s) in Cephalotaxus fortunei twigs and leaves with activity against plant-parasitic nematodes. ResultsA crude alkaloid extract, particularly drupacine, was responsible for much of the nematotoxicity. ED50 of drupacine for Bursaphelenchus xylophilus was 27.1 mu g mL(-1), and for Meloidogyne incognita it was 76.3 mu g mL(-1). Immersion of M. incognita eggs in 1.0mg mL(-1) crude alkaloid extract (the highest tested concentration) reduced hatch by 36%; immersion of second-stage juveniles (J2) resulted in 72-98% immobility. Crude alkaloid extract and drupacine suppressed protease activity in extracts of the microbivorous nematode Panagrellus redivivus by 50% and 80%, respectively. Application of 0.02-0.5mg mL(-1) crude alkaloid extract to soil with M. incognita inoculum did not significantly reduce pepper plant shoot length or weight, compared with nematode-inoculated, water-treated controls, but the number of eggs and J2 per root system respectively decreased by 69% and 73% at 0.5mg mL(-1). ConclusionDrupacine and a crude alkaloid extract suppress nematode hatch, activity of mixed life stages, and population numbers on plant roots. Cephalotaxus alkaloids and drupacine. (c) 2013 Society of Chemical Industry C1 [Wen, Yanhua; Liao, Jinling] South China Agr Univ, Coll Nat Resources & Environm, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Meyer, Susan L. F.; Masler, Edward P.; Chitwood, David J.] ARS, USDA, Nematol Lab, BARC West, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Zhang, Fengxian; Wei, Xiaoyi] Chinese Acad Sci, South China Bot Garden, Guangzhou 510650, Guangdong, Peoples R China. RP Chitwood, DJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Nematol Lab, BARC West, Bldg 010A, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM David.Chitwood@ars.usda.gov FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [30971902] FX Thanks are extended to Paula Crowley, Shannon Rupprecht, Carol Masler, Stephen Rogers and Ashlee Green for technical assistance. We also thank the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30971902) for funding Dr Wen to visit USDA to conduct research. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 43 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 32 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1526-498X EI 1526-4998 J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 69 IS 9 BP 1026 EP 1033 DI 10.1002/ps.3548 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA 283WV UT WOS:000329278600004 PM 23785026 ER PT J AU Elmouttie, D Flinn, P Kiermeier, A Subramanyam, B Hagstrum, D Hamilton, G AF Elmouttie, David Flinn, Paul Kiermeier, Andreas Subramanyam, Bhadriraju Hagstrum, David Hamilton, Grant TI Sampling stored-product insect pests: a comparison of four statistical sampling models for probability of pest detection SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE grains; heterogeneity; Poisson; negative binomial; double logarithmic model; compound model ID PROBE TRAPS; WHEAT; GRAIN; POPULATIONS AB BACKGROUND: Developing sampling strategies to target biological pests such as insects in stored grain is inherently difficult owing to species biology and behavioural characteristics. The design of robust sampling programmes should be based on an underlying statistical distribution that is sufficiently flexible to capture variations in the spatial distribution of the target species. RESULTS: Comparisons are made of the accuracy of four probability-of-detection sampling models - the negative binomial model, 1 the Poisson model, 1 the double logarithmic model(2) and the compound model(3) - for detection of insects over a broad range of insect densities. Although the double log and negative binomial models performed well under specific conditions, it is shown that, of the four models examined, the compound model performed the best over a broad range of insect spatial distributions and densities. In particular, this model predicted well the number of samples required when insect density was high and clumped within experimental storages. CONCLUSIONS: This paper reinforces the need for effective sampling programs designed to detect insects over a broad range of spatial distributions. The compound model is robust over abroad range of insect densities and leads to substantial improvement in detection probabilities within highly variable systems such as grain storage. (C) 2013 Society of Chemical Industry C1 [Elmouttie, David; Hamilton, Grant] Queensland Univ Technol, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia. [Elmouttie, David; Kiermeier, Andreas; Hamilton, Grant] Cooperat Res Ctr Natl Plant Biosecur, Bruce, ACT, Australia. [Flinn, Paul] USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS USA. [Kiermeier, Andreas] South Australian Res & Dev Inst, Adelaide, SA, Australia. [Subramanyam, Bhadriraju] Kansas State Univ, Dept Grain Sci & Ind, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Hagstrum, David] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Hamilton, G (reprint author), Queensland Univ Technol, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia. EM g.hamilton@qut.edu.au OI Kiermeier, Andreas/0000-0001-6240-2919 FU Australian Government's Cooperative Research Centres Program; USDA/CSREES Pest Management Alternatives Programme; Dow Agro Sciences, Indianapolis, Indiana FX The authors would like to acknowledge the support of the Australian Government's Cooperative Research Centres Program. Insect sampling data presented here were supported by a grant from the USDA/CSREES Pest Management Alternatives Programme and, in part, by Dow Agro Sciences, Indianapolis, Indiana. This paper is contribution number 13-236-J of the Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1526-498X EI 1526-4998 J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 69 IS 9 BP 1073 EP 1079 DI 10.1002/ps.3469 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA 283WV UT WOS:000329278600010 PM 23436609 ER PT J AU Pierce, JB Allen, C Multer, W Doederlein, T Anderson, M Russell, S Pope, J Zink, R Walters, M Kerns, D Westbrook, J Smith, L AF Pierce, Jane Breen Allen, Charles Multer, Warren Doederlein, Tommy Anderson, Manda Russell, Scott Pope, Jeff Zink, Richard Walters, Michelle Kerns, David Westbrook, John Smith, Larry TI Pink Bollworm (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) on the Southern Plains of Texas and in New Mexico: Distribution; and Eradication of a Remnant Population SO SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article AB Pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders), is one of the most economically important insect pests of cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., in the world. Losses in the U.S. before widespread use of Bt cotton were estimated at $32 million per year. Eradication programs were initiated in the El Paso/Trans Pecos area of Texas in 2001 and South Central New Mexico in 2002. In 2009, 669 pink bollworm moths were captured in the El Paso/Trans Pecos eradication zone after two consecutive years of no captures. A study in 2010-2011 determined the source might be nearby areas of West Texas and southeastern New Mexico outside of eradication zones. A likely source of pink bollworm moths was identified in southern Midland County. In 2010, 1,438 moths were captured, with 85% trapped in two fields of non-Bt organic cotton. More than 99% were collected within an 8-km radius of that epicenter. Only 0-10 pink bollworms were captured in each of three other areas monitored in 2010. In 2011, no pink bollworm moths were caught in any area surveyed, except in a small area in southern Midland County. Pink bollworm moths were captured in seven fields in the area, with a total of 119 moths from May-August 2011. Seventy-two percent of pink bollworm moths captured were from the two fields of non-Bt, organic cotton. Trapping in the fall, September through early November 2011, detected pink bollworm activity in the area. Seven hundred twenty-nine moths were captured from seven fields, 97% from the two non-Bt, organic fields. Because most fields in the region are planted to Bt cotton, it is likely that reproducing pink bollworms in the two fields, less than 40 hectares, were the only source of wild pink bollworm moths in the El Paso/Trans Pecos eradication zone (526,091 hectares of cotton) in 2009. Eradication efforts in 2012 resulted in no additional moths captured that fall, suggesting the localized population was eradicated. C1 [Pierce, Jane Breen] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Entomol Plant Pathol & Weed Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Allen, Charles] Texas A&M AgriLife Extens Serv, San Angelo, TX USA. [Multer, Warren] Texas A&M AgriLife Extens Serv, Garden City, TX USA. [Doederlein, Tommy] Texas A&M AgriLife Extens Serv, Lamesa, TX USA. [Anderson, Manda] Texas A&M AgriLife Extens Serv, Seminole, TX USA. [Russell, Scott] Texas A&M AgriLife Extens Serv, Brownfield, TX USA. [Pope, Jeff; Smith, Larry] Texas Boll Weevil Eradicat Fdn, Abilene, TX USA. [Zink, Richard] USDA, APHIS, CPHST, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Walters, Michelle] USDA, APHIS, CPHST, Phoenix, AZ USA. [Kerns, David] LSU AgCtr, Winnsboro, LA USA. [Westbrook, John] USDA ARS, College Stn, TX USA. RP Pierce, JB (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Dept Entomol Plant Pathol & Weed Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM japierce@nmsu.edu NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI DALLAS PA 17360 COIT RD, DALLAS, TX 75252-6599 USA SN 0147-1724 EI 2162-2647 J9 SOUTHWEST ENTOMOL JI Southw. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 38 IS 3 BP 369 EP 378 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 288EX UT WOS:000329595900001 ER PT J AU Snodgrass, GL Jackson, RE Perera, OP Allen, C Portilla, M AF Snodgrass, G. L. Jackson, R. E. Perera, O. P. Allen, C. Portilla, M. TI Comparison of Diapause Termination in Tarnished Plant Bugs (Hemiptera: Miridae) from the Mississippi Delta and Springfield, Illinois SO SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article ID RIVER DELTA; HETEROPTERA; FOOD AB In a laboratory test, we compared diapausing adult tarnished plant bugs, Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois), from Stoneville, MS; and Springfield, IL, for their ability to break diapause when kept at 25 degrees C on a nutritious food source (broccoli, Brassica oleracea variety botrytis L.) under a diapause-maintaining photoperiod of 10:14 light:dark hours. The temperature, photoperiod, and food simulated environmental conditions in the mid-South region during December when overwintering tarnished plant bugs on blooming winter hosts break diapause. It was unknown if plant bugs from areas such as Springfield (upper Midwest) in which the winters are too cold for hosts to be available also had the ability to break diapause under a diapause-maintaining daylength. One-day-old diapausing adults from Stoneville and Springfield were kept in environmental cabinets for 5 weeks. Males and females from both locations were dissected at weekly intervals to determine their reproductive status. Diapausing adults from both colonies and both sexes terminated diapause. Greater percentages of males and females from Stoneville terminated diapause each week compared to those from Springfield, and the differences were significant in four of the 5 weeks for males and three of the 5 weeks for females. The results showed that the presence of winter hosts in the mid-South has probably selected tarnished plant bugs for more rapid emergence from diapause. The importance of more rapid emergence from diapause to plant bug populations in the mid-South is discussed. C1 [Snodgrass, G. L.; Jackson, R. E.; Perera, O. P.; Allen, C.; Portilla, M.] USDA ARS, Southern Insect Management Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Snodgrass, GL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Southern Insect Management Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI DALLAS PA 17360 COIT RD, DALLAS, TX 75252-6599 USA SN 0147-1724 EI 2162-2647 J9 SOUTHWEST ENTOMOL JI Southw. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 38 IS 3 BP 385 EP 391 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 288EX UT WOS:000329595900003 ER PT J AU Shufran, AA Mulder, PG Ree, B Shufran, KA AF Shufran, A. A. Mulder, P. G. Ree, B. Shufran, K. A. TI Assessing Insects at Pecan Storage Facilities in Oklahoma and Texas SO SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES AB Presence of insect pests was assessed at eight pecan, Carya illinoensis (Wang.) Koch, storage facilities in Oklahoma (six) and Texas (two). Two types of insect traps were used within each facility. Floor-situated STORGARD (R) Beetle Dome (TM) traps were baited with a combination of pheromone and oil to monitor beetle pests of stored products, and hanging Pherocon 1C (TM) moth sticky traps were used to monitor moths. Trap data were collected and traps replaced twice; monthly for 1 year. For all sites combined, 11,653 insects of 19 species were collected. The most commonly trapped insect pests were Indianmeal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), 61.2%, and lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae), 12.3%. Results of this study will be distributed to pecan facility owners to facilitate stored-product pest management. C1 [Shufran, A. A.; Mulder, P. G.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Ree, B.] Texas A&M Univ, Texas AgriLife Extens, Bryan, TX 77806 USA. [Shufran, K. A.] ARS, USDA, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. RP Shufran, AA (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, 127 NRC, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. FU Trece, Inc.; Oklahoma Pecan Growers' Association; RAPP Foundation; Robberson Summer Research Fellowship; Nancy Randolph Davis Scholarship; OSU Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service; OSU Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station FX We thank Thomas W. Phillips, Edmond Bonjour, Kelly Seuhs, Michael W. Smith, Rick Grantham, and Don Arnold for their contributions to this study. We also thank Hoffman Pecan Farm, Pecan and Agricultural Equipment, Couch Orchard, Benson Park Pecans, Bryant Pecan Company, Savage Equipment, Royalty Pecans, and Texas Nut House for use of their facilities during this study. Financial support was provided by Trece, Inc., Oklahoma Pecan Growers' Association, RAPP Foundation Fellowship, Robberson Summer Research Fellowship, Nancy Randolph Davis Scholarship, the OSU Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service, and the OSU Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station. Thanks also to George Opit and Brad Kard for reviewing a draft of this manuscript. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI DALLAS PA 17360 COIT RD, DALLAS, TX 75252-6599 USA SN 0147-1724 EI 2162-2647 J9 SOUTHWEST ENTOMOL JI Southw. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 38 IS 3 BP 407 EP 415 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 288EX UT WOS:000329595900005 ER PT J AU Felker, FC Kenar, JA Fanta, GF Biswas, A AF Felker, Frederick C. Kenar, James A. Fanta, George F. Biswas, Atanu TI Comparison of microwave processing and excess steam jet cooking for spherulite production from amylose-fatty acid inclusion complexes SO STARCH-STARKE LA English DT Article DE Jet cooking; Microwave; Spherulites; V-amylose ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; LIPID COMPLEXES; TEMPERATURE TREATMENT; COOKED MIXTURES; STARCH; CRYSTALLIZATION; CORNSTARCH; TRANSITIONS; MORPHOLOGY AB Helical inclusion complexes of amylose with fatty acids can form spherulites of various morphological types. Previous studies have described the spherulites obtained by cooling dispersions of steam jet cooked corn starch either by itself or supplemented with various fatty acids. In light of potential advantages of microwave processing, we investigated the use of a laboratory microwave instrument as an alternative method for spherulite production. With native high amylose corn starch (HAS), spherulites were formed with morphology similar to those observed previously by steam jet cooking. Adjustments to the reaction conditions led to a slight improvement in yield over jet cooking. Using solvent-defatted HAS supplemented with straight-chain fatty acids (C10:0 to C22:0), microwave processing produced only small, disc-shaped spherulites in a gel matrix. However, when defatted HAS was supplemented with either capric or palmitic acid and processed by steam jet cooking, uniform dispersions of toroidal spherulites were obtained. These results show that although jet cooking is not required for spherulite formation when native HAS is used, defatted HAS requires the high-shear steam jet cooking method of heating for optimal spherulite growth. Researchers and product developers could use the results of microwave experiments to refine jet cooking methods for large scale spherulite production. C1 [Felker, Frederick C.; Kenar, James A.] ARS, Funct Foods Res Unit, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Fanta, George F.; Biswas, Atanu] ARS, Plant Polymer Res Unit, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL USA. RP Felker, FC (reprint author), ARS, Funct Foods Res Unit, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM frederick.felker@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 11 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0038-9056 EI 1521-379X J9 STARCH-STARKE JI Starch-Starke PD SEP PY 2013 VL 65 IS 9-10 BP 864 EP 874 DI 10.1002/star.201200218 PG 11 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 286IZ UT WOS:000329463100018 ER PT J AU Chen, JR Zhang, J Lazarenko, OP Cao, JJ Blackburn, ML Badger, TM Ronis, MJJ AF Chen, Jin-Ran Zhang, Jian Lazarenko, Oxana P. Cao, Jay J. Blackburn, Michael L. Badger, Thomas M. Ronis, Martin J. J. TI Soy protein isolates prevent loss of bone quantity associated with obesity in rats through regulation of insulin signaling in osteoblasts SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE high-fat diet; free fatty acid; isoflavone; osteocalcin ID VOLUNTARY WEIGHT-LOSS; HIGH-FAT DIET; MINERAL DENSITY; METABOLIC SYNDROME; MASS; MICE; ISOFLAVONE; INHIBITION; WOMEN; CELL AB In both rodents and humans, excessive consumption of a typical Western diet high in saturated fats and cholesterol is known to result in disruption of energy metabolism and development of obesity and insulin resistance. However, how these high-fat, energy-dense diets affect bone development, morphology, and modeling is poorly understood. Here we show that male weanling rats fed a high-fat (HF) diet containing 45% fat and 0.5% cholesterol made with casein (HF-Cas) for 6 wk displayed a significant increase in bone marrow adiposity and insulin resistance. Substitution of casein with soy protein isolate (SPI) in the HF diet (HF-SPI) prevented these effects. Maintenance of bone quantity in the SPI-fed rats was associated with increased undercarboxylated osteocalcin secretion and altered JNK/IRS1/Akt insulin signaling in osteoblasts. The HF-Cas group had significantly greater serum nonesterified free fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations than controls, whereas the HF-SPI prevented this increase. In vitro treatment of osteoblasts or mesenchymal stromal ST2 cells with NEFAs significantly decreased insulin signaling. An isoflavone mixture similar to that found in serum of HF-SPI rats significantly increased in vitro osteoblast proliferation and blocked significantly reduced NEFA-induced insulin resistance. Finally, insulin/IGF1 was able to increase both osteoblast activity and differentiation in a set of in vitro studies. These results suggest that high-fat feeding may disrupt bone development and modeling; high concentrations of NEFAs and insulin resistance occurring with high fat intake are mediators of reduced osteoblast activity and differentiation; diets high in soy protein may help prevent high dietary fat-induced bone impairments; and the molecular mechanisms underlying the SPI-protective effects involve isoflavone-induced normalization of insulin signaling in bone.Chen, J.-R., Zhang, J., Lazarenko, O. P., Cao, J. J., Blackburn, M. L., Badger, T. M., Ronis, M. J. J. Soy protein isolates prevent loss of bone quantity associated with obesity in rats through regulation of insulin signaling in osteoblasts. C1 [Chen, Jin-Ran; Zhang, Jian; Lazarenko, Oxana P.; Blackburn, Michael L.; Badger, Thomas M.; Ronis, Martin J. J.] Arkansas Childrens Nutr Ctr, Little Rock, AR 72202 USA. [Chen, Jin-Ran; Zhang, Jian; Badger, Thomas M.; Ronis, Martin J. J.] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Pediat, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. [Lazarenko, Oxana P.; Blackburn, Michael L.; Badger, Thomas M.] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Physiol & Biophys, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. [Ronis, Martin J. J.] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. [Cao, Jay J.] USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. RP Chen, JR (reprint author), Arkansas Childrens Nutr Ctr, 15 Childrens Way,Slot 512-20B, Little Rock, AR 72202 USA. EM chenjinran@uams.edu FU U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)/Agricultural Research Service (ARS) [CRIS 6251-51000-003, CRIS 5450-51000-046-00D] FX This work was supported in part by U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)/Agricultural Research Service (ARS) grant CRIS 6251-51000-003 to the Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center and CRIS 5450-51000-046-00D to the Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center (J.J.C.). NR 49 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 7 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 EI 1530-6860 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 27 IS 9 BP 3514 EP 3523 DI 10.1096/fj.12-226464 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 277SV UT WOS:000328840500012 PM 23776073 ER PT J AU Pasiakos, SM Cao, JJ Margolis, LM Sauter, ER Whigham, LD McClung, JP Rood, JC Carbone, JW Combs, GF Young, AJ AF Pasiakos, Stefan M. Cao, Jay J. Margolis, Lee M. Sauter, Edward R. Whigham, Leah D. McClung, James P. Rood, Jennifer C. Carbone, John W. Combs, Gerald F., Jr. Young, Andrew J. TI Effects of high-protein diets on fat-free mass and muscle protein synthesis following weight loss: a randomized controlled trial SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE recommended dietary allowance; fractional synthesis rate; nitrogen balance; skeletal muscle; postprandial; energy deficit ID ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; BODY-COMPOSITION; ENDURANCE EXERCISE; YOUNG MEN; RESISTANCE EXERCISE; NITROGEN-BALANCE; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; DOSE-RESPONSE; OLDER-ADULTS; POUNDS LOST AB The purpose of this work was to determine the effects of varying levels of dietary protein on body composition and muscle protein synthesis during energy deficit (ED). A randomized controlled trial of 39 adults assigned the subjects diets providing protein at 0.8 (recommended dietary allowance; RDA), 1.6 (2x-RDA), and 2.4 (3x-RDA) g kg(-1) d(-1) for 31 d. A 10-d weight-maintenance (WM) period was followed by a 21 d, 40% ED. Body composition and postabsorptive and postprandial muscle protein synthesis were assessed during WM (d 9-10) and ED (d 30-31). Volunteers lost (P<0.05) 3.2 +/- 0.2 kg body weight during ED regardless of dietary protein. The proportion of weight loss due to reductions in fat-free mass was lower (P<0.05) and the loss of fat mass was higher (P<0.05) in those receiving 2x-RDA and 3x-RDA compared to RDA. The anabolic muscle response to a protein-rich meal during ED was not different (P>0.05) from WM for 2x-RDA and 3x-RDA, but was lower during ED than WM for those consuming RDA levels of protein (energy x protein interaction, P<0.05). To assess muscle protein metabolic responses to varied protein intakes during ED, RDA served as the study control. In summary, we determined that consuming dietary protein at levels exceeding the RDA may protect fat-free mass during short-term weight loss.Pasiakos, S. M., Cao, J. J., Margolis, L. M., Sauter, E. R., Whigham, L. D., McClung, J. P., Rood, J. C., Carbone, J. W., Combs, G. F., Jr., Young, A. J. Effects of high-protein diets on fat-free mass and muscle protein synthesis following weight loss: a randomized controlled trial. C1 [Pasiakos, Stefan M.; Margolis, Lee M.; McClung, James P.; Young, Andrew J.] US Army Res Inst Environm Med, Mil Nutr Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Cao, Jay J.; Whigham, Leah D.; Combs, Gerald F., Jr.] ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Grand Forks, ND USA. [Sauter, Edward R.] Univ N Dakota, Sch Med & Hlth Sci, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. [Rood, Jennifer C.] Louisiana State Univ Syst, Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA USA. [Carbone, John W.] Eastern Michigan Univ, Sch Hlth Sci, Ypsilanti, MI 48197 USA. RP Pasiakos, SM (reprint author), US Army Res Inst Environm Med, Mil Nutr Div, 15 Kansas St,Bldg 42, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM stefan.pasiakos@us.army.mil RI McClung, James/A-1989-2009; Pasiakos, Stefan/E-6295-2014; OI Pasiakos, Stefan/0000-0002-5378-5820; , Lee/0000-0002-0652-1304; Whigham, Leah/0000-0002-5376-8967 FU U.S. Army Medical Research and Material Command; U.S. Department of Defense; U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [58-1950-7-707] FX First, the authors thank the volunteers that participated in this research experiment. The authors acknowledge Doreen Rolshoven, LuAnn Johnson, Bonita Hoverson, Angela Scheett, Debbie Krause, and the dietary kitchen staff, Emily Nielson, Jackie Nelson, Jean Hager, and Dr. William Siders (U. S. Department of Agriculture Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, ND, USA) for their significant contributions to study management and conduct, data collection, and analysis. The authors acknowledge William Mills, Matthew Dickson, Bryan Wiley, Michael Stanger, Lauren Thompson, Philip Niro, and Dr. Hedrick Porrata (U. S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nantick, MA, USA) for their significant contributions to data collection and assistance with manuscript layout and design. Finally, the authors sincerely thank Nancy Murphy (U. S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine) for her significant contributions to data collection, management, and analysis. The study was supported by the U. S. Army Medical Research and Material Command and the U. S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. Author contributions: S. M. P. performed project conception, development of overall research plan, study oversight, research, data analysis, and manuscript preparation, and had primary responsibility for final content; L. M. M., J.J.C., L. D. W., J.P.M., J.W.C., G. F. C., and A.J.Y. assisted with project conception, development of research plan, study implementation and management, data analysis, and manuscript preparation; E. R. S. performed muscle biopsies, provided medical oversight, and assisted in manuscript preparation; J.C.R. performed stable isotope and urinary nitrogen analysis. S. M. P. reports that his institution received a grant from the Dairy Research Institute for work outside this publication. E. R. S. reports that his institution received a grant and travel support from the U. S. Department of Agriculture for work associated with this publication. E. R. S. also reports that he is a consultant for Halo Health, has received royalties for book editorship, and has received a patent. J.P.M. reports that his institution received a grant from the U.S. Army Medical Research and Material Command for work outside this publication. J.C.R. reports that her institution received a grant from the U.S. Department of Defense for work associated with this publication. The other authors report no conflicts of interest. The opinions or assertions contained herein are the private views of the authors and are not to be construed as official or as reflecting the views of the Army or the Department of Defense. Any citations of commercial organizations and trade names in this report do not constitute an official Department of the Army endorsement of approval of the products or services of these organizations. This material is based on work supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, under agreement No. 58-1950-7-707. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U. S. Department of Agriculture. This trial was registered at http://www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01292395. NR 52 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 28 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 EI 1530-6860 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 27 IS 9 BP 3837 EP 3847 DI 10.1096/fj.13-230227 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 277SV UT WOS:000328840500041 PM 23739654 ER PT J AU Podlaski, R Roesch, FA AF Podlaski, Rafal Roesch, Francis A. TI Approximation of the breast height diameter distribution of two-cohort stands by mixture models. II. Goodness-of-fit tests SO SYLWAN LA Polish DT Article DE two-component mixtures; tree diameter distribution; nonparametric goodness-of-fit tests; discrete null distribution ID DISCONTINUOUS DISTRIBUTIONS; DISCRETE-DISTRIBUTIONS; FINITE MIXTURE; PARAMETERS; STATISTICS; DYNAMICS; FOREST AB The goals of this study are (1) to analyse the accuracy of the approximation of empirical distributions of diameter at breast height (dbh) using two-component mixtures of either the Weibull distribution or the gamma distribution in two-cohort stands, and (2) to discuss the procedure of choosing goodness-of-fit tests. The study plots were located in the Swietokrzyski National Park (central Poland) and in the Southern Appalachian Mountains (eastern USA). The results of the goodness-of-fit tests (chi-squared, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Cramer-von Mises, and Anderson-Darling), normalised bias and normalised root mean square error, indicate that dbh empirical distributions of two-cohort stands are compatible with the mixture models investigated. The chi-squared test and the generalization of the Anderson-Darling test to discrete distributions should be used to assess whether empirical dbh data are consistent with a hypothesized null distribution. C1 [Podlaski, Rafal] Uniwersytet Jana Kochanowskiego, Zaklad Ochrony Przyrody, PL-25406 Kielce, Poland. [Roesch, Francis A.] US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, USDA, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. RP Podlaski, R (reprint author), Uniwersytet Jana Kochanowskiego, Zaklad Ochrony Przyrody, Ul Swietokrzyska 15, PL-25406 Kielce, Poland. EM r_podlaski@pro.onet.pl; froesch@fs.fed.us NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU POLSKIE TOWARZYSTWO LESNE PI WARSZAWA PA KOMITET REDAKCYJNY SYLWANA, UL BITWY WARSZAWSKIEJ 1920 R NR 3, WARSZAWA, PL-02 362, POLAND SN 0039-7660 J9 SYLWAN JI Sylwan PD SEP PY 2013 VL 157 IS 9 BP 652 EP 661 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 275ZO UT WOS:000328718100002 ER PT J AU Gilbert, AT Fooks, AR Hayman, DTS Horton, DL Muller, T Plowright, R Peel, AJ Bowen, R Wood, JLN Mills, J Cunningham, AA Rupprecht, CE AF Gilbert, Amy T. Fooks, A. R. Hayman, D. T. S. Horton, D. L. Mueller, T. Plowright, R. Peel, A. J. Bowen, R. Wood, J. L. N. Mills, J. Cunningham, A. A. Rupprecht, C. E. TI Deciphering Serology to Understand the Ecology of Infectious Diseases in Wildlife SO ECOHEALTH LA English DT Review DE antibody prevalence; epidemiological models; immunity; surveillance; wildlife disease ID BIG BROWN BATS; CLASSICAL SWINE-FEVER; WEST NILE VIRUS; RABIES VIRUS; MATERNAL ANTIBODIES; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; ANTIGENIC RELATIONSHIPS; CANINE-DISTEMPER; DOMESTIC DOGS; TADARIDA-BRASILIENSIS AB The ecology of infectious disease in wildlife has become a pivotal theme in animal and public health. Studies of infectious disease ecology rely on robust surveillance of pathogens in reservoir hosts, often based on serology, which is the detection of specific antibodies in the blood and is used to infer infection history. However, serological data can be inaccurate for inference to infection history for a variety of reasons. Two major aspects in any serological test can substantially impact results and interpretation of antibody prevalence data: cross-reactivity and cut-off thresholds used to discriminate positive and negative reactions. Given the ubiquitous use of serology as a tool for surveillance and epidemiological modeling of wildlife diseases, it is imperative to consider the strengths and limitations of serological test methodologies and interpretation of results, particularly when using data that may affect management and policy for the prevention and control of infectious diseases in wildlife. Greater consideration of population age structure and cohort representation, serological test suitability and standardized sample collection protocols can ensure that reliable data are obtained for downstream modeling applications to characterize, and evaluate interventions for, wildlife disease systems. C1 [Gilbert, Amy T.; Rupprecht, C. E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Fooks, A. R.; Hayman, D. T. S.; Horton, D. L.] Anim Hlth & Vet Labs Agcy, Wildlife Zoonoses & Vector Borne Dis Grp, Weybridge KT15 3NB, Surrey, England. [Fooks, A. R.] Univ Liverpool, Natl Consortium Zoonosis Res, Neston CH64 7TE, England. [Hayman, D. T. S.; Peel, A. J.; Wood, J. L. N.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Vet Med, Dis Dynam Unit, Cambridge CB3 0ES, England. [Hayman, D. T. S.; Peel, A. J.; Cunningham, A. A.] Zool Soc London, Inst Zool, London NW1 4RY, England. [Hayman, D. T. S.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Mueller, T.] Fed Res Inst Anim Hlth, Friedrich Loeffler Inst, D-16868 Wusterhausen, Germany. [Plowright, R.] Penn State Univ, Ctr Infect Dis Dynam, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Bowen, R.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Mills, J.] Emory Univ, Populat Biol Ecol & Evolut Program, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Gilbert, Amy T.] USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Rupprecht, C. E.] Global Alliance Rabies Control, Manhattan, KS USA. RP Gilbert, AT (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Amy.T.Gilbert@aphis.usda.gov RI Peel, Alison/I-3202-2012; Cunningham, Andrew/E-7536-2010; Wood, James/A-1626-2008; Fooks, Anthony/F-5418-2010; Horton, Daniel/D-9909-2011; APHA, Staff publications/E-6082-2010 OI Peel, Alison/0000-0003-3538-3550; Wood, James/0000-0002-0258-3188; Horton, Daniel/0000-0002-9126-2756; FU David H. Smith Fellowship in Conservation Research; Wellcome Trust; Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit award; UK Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) [SV3500, SV3034]; Alborada Trust FX The authors thank the working group of Research and Policy for Infectious Disease Dynamics program of the Science and Technology Directorate, Department of Homeland Security and the Rabies program at CDC-Atlanta, specifically Richard Franka and Michael Niezgoda, for insightful discussions of serologic testing and interpretation. AG was supported by an Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) fellowship. DTSH acknowledges support from the David H. Smith Fellowship in Conservation Research and the Wellcome Trust. AAC was supported by a Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit award. ARF and DLH are supported by the UK Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) projects SV3500 and SV3034. JLNW was supported by the Alborada Trust. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors only, and do not necessarily reflect the views of their institutions. NR 90 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 3 U2 60 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1612-9202 EI 1612-9210 J9 ECOHEALTH JI EcoHealth PD SEP PY 2013 VL 10 IS 3 BP 298 EP 313 DI 10.1007/s10393-013-0856-0 PG 16 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 270ST UT WOS:000328339700011 PM 23918033 ER PT J AU Cowling, E Young, C AF Cowling, Ellis Young, Carol TI Narrative History of the Resistance Screening Center: It's Origins, Leadership and Partial List of Public Benefits and Scientific Contributions SO FORESTS LA English DT Editorial Material DE tree improvement; disease resistance; fusiform rust; pitch canker; screening center ID F-SP FUSIFORME; SLASH PINE; LOBLOLLY-PINE; DOGWOOD ANTHRACNOSE; GENETIC-VARIATION; PITCH CANKER; MAJOR GENE; RUST; GREENHOUSE; SEEDLINGS AB Forty years ago, the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service developed and currently operates the Resistance Screening Center near Asheville, North Carolina, as a service to both industry and university-based tree improvement programs and tree-seed exporting companies in the southern US, Mexico, and Central America. Seed lots from more than 15,000 selections of slash and loblolly pines have been evaluated for genetically-controlled resistance to fusiform rust and other diseases including pitch canker, dogwood anthracnose, and brown spot needle blight. The screening system uses a greenhouse-based artificial inoculation system with controlled density of inoculum from geographically diverse sources of the rust pathogen. Results are completed in 6-9 months and are reasonably well-correlated with field-based progeny tests. Operating costs of the Center are shared by both the USDA Forest Service and its clients. The technologically sophisticated methods and professional skills of the Center staff have been applied to facilitate and accelerate progress in region-wide timber production, scientific understanding of the fusiform rust pathosystem, and graduate education of forest geneticists and pathologists in universities. C1 [Cowling, Ellis] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Cowling, Ellis] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Young, Carol] US Forest Serv, Resistance Screening Ctr, USDA, Asheville, NC 28806 USA. RP Cowling, E (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Box 7616, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM ellis_cowling@ncsu.edu; chy48@charter.net NR 67 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1999-4907 J9 FORESTS JI Forests PD SEP PY 2013 VL 4 IS 3 BP 666 EP 692 DI 10.3390/f4030666 PG 27 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 274TL UT WOS:000328629000009 ER PT J AU Piccolo, BD Dolnikowski, G Seyoum, E Thomas, AP Gertz, ER Souza, EC Woodhouse, LR Newman, JW Keim, NL Adams, SH Van Loan, MD AF Piccolo, Brian D. Dolnikowski, Gregory Seyoum, Elias Thomas, Anthony P. Gertz, Erik R. Souza, Elaine C. Woodhouse, Leslie R. Newman, John W. Keim, Nancy L. Adams, Sean H. Van Loan, Marta D. TI Association between Subcutaneous White Adipose Tissue and Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D in Overweight and Obese Adults SO NUTRIENTS LA English DT Article DE vitamin D; 25(OH)D; obesity; adipose tissue; weight loss ID VITAMIN-D STATUS; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; WOMEN; BODY; METABOLITES; DILUTION AB Cholecalciferol is known to be deposited in human adipose tissue, but it is not known whether 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) is found in detectable concentrations. Therefore, our objective was to determine whether 25(OH)D is detectable in subcutaneous white adipose tissue (SWAT) in overweight and obese persons enrolled in a twelve week energy restricted diet. Baseline and post-intervention gluteal SWAT biopsies were collected from 20 subjects participating in a larger clinical weight loss intervention. LC-MS/MS was utilized to determine SWAT 25(OH)D concentrations. Serum 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)(2)D were measured by RIA. Body composition was assessed by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. SWAT 25(OH)D concentrations were 5.8 +/- 2.6 nmol/kg tissue and 6.2 +/- 2.7 nmol/kg tissue pre- and post-intervention SWAT, respectively. There was a significant positive association between SWAT 25(OH)D concentration and serum 25(OH)D concentration (r = 0.52, P < 0.01). Both SWAT and serum 25(OH)D concentrations did not significantly change after a twelve-week period of energy restriction with approximately 5 kg of fat loss. In conclusion, we have demonstrated our LC-MS/MS method can detect 25(OH)D-3 in human subcutaneous fat tissue from overweight and obese individuals and is consistent with previously reported concentrations in swine. Additionally, our findings of no significant changes in SWAT 25(OH)D-3 or serum 25(OH)D after a 6% loss of total body weight and 13% reduction in total fat provides the first human evidence that adipose 25(OH)D does not likely contribute to serum 25(OH)D with moderate weight loss; whether this is also the case with larger amounts of weight loss is unknown. Weight loss alone is not sufficient to increase serum 25(OH)D and increases in dietary or dermal biosynthesis of vitamin D appear to be the most critical contributors to in vitamin D status. C1 [Piccolo, Brian D.; Thomas, Anthony P.; Souza, Elaine C.; Newman, John W.; Keim, Nancy L.; Adams, Sean H.; Van Loan, Marta D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Piccolo, Brian D.; Thomas, Anthony P.; Souza, Elaine C.; Newman, John W.; Keim, Nancy L.; Adams, Sean H.; Van Loan, Marta D.] Univ Calif Davis, Grad Grp Nutr Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Dolnikowski, Gregory; Seyoum, Elias] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA ARS, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Gertz, Erik R.; Woodhouse, Leslie R.; Newman, John W.; Keim, Nancy L.; Adams, Sean H.; Van Loan, Marta D.] ARS, Obes & Metab Res Unit, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Piccolo, BD (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM bdpiccolo@ucdavis.edu; gregory.dolnikowski@tufts.edu; elias_ephrem.seyoum@tufts.edu; apthomas@ucdavis.edu; erik.gertz@ars.usda.gov; elaine.souza@ucdmc.ucdavis.edu; leslie.woodhouse@ars.usda.gov; john.newman@ars.usda.gov; nancy.keim@ars.usda.gov; sean.h.adams@ars.usda.gov; marta.vanloan@ars.usda.gov RI Biguzzi, Felipe/E-4724-2015 FU National Dairy Council; USDA-ARS [5306-51530-006-00D, 5306-51530-016-00D]; Clinical and Translational Science Center of the University of California, Davis from the National Center for Research Resources (NCRR) [UL1 RR024146] FX Major funding for this project was provided by the National Dairy Council administered by the Dairy Research Institute and the Dairy Council of California. Additional support was provided by the USDA-ARS Projects 5306-51530-006-00D and 5306-51530-016-00D, and the Clinical and Translational Science Center of the University of California, Davis, grant number UL1 RR024146 from the National Center for Research Resources (NCRR). NR 32 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 14 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-6643 J9 NUTRIENTS JI Nutrients PD SEP PY 2013 VL 5 IS 9 BP 3352 EP 3366 DI 10.3390/nu5093352 PG 15 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 274SW UT WOS:000328627500003 PM 24067385 ER PT J AU Toplak, I Ciglenecki, UJ Aronstein, K Gregorc, A AF Toplak, Ivan Ciglenecki, Urska Jamnikar Aronstein, Katherine Gregorc, Ales TI Chronic Bee Paralysis Virus and Nosema ceranae Experimental Co-Infection of Winter Honey Bee Workers (Apis mellifera L.) SO VIRUSES-BASEL LA English DT Article DE Apis mellifera; experimental infection; Chronic Bee Paralysis Virus (CBPV); Nosema ceranae; interaction ID DEFORMED WING VIRUS; MICROSPORIDIAN PARASITE; EXPERIMENTAL-INFECTION; PREVALENCE; APIARIES; COLONY; EUROPE AB Chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV) is an important viral disease of adult bees which induces significant losses in honey bee colonies. Despite comprehensive research, only limited data is available from experimental infection for this virus. In the present study winter worker bees were experimentally infected in three different experiments. Bees were first inoculated per os (p/o) or per cuticle (p/c) with CBPV field strain M92/2010 in order to evaluate the virus replication in individual bees. In addition, potential synergistic effects of co-infection with CBPV and Nosema ceranae (N. ceranae) on bees were investigated. In total 558 individual bees were inoculated in small cages and data were analyzed using quantitative real time RT-PCR (RT-qPCR). Our results revealed successful replication of CBPV after p/o inoculation, while it was less effective when bees were inoculated p/c. Dead bees harbored about 1,000 times higher copy numbers of the virus than live bees. Co-infection of workers with CBPV and N. ceranae using either method of virus inoculation (p/c or p/o) showed increased replication ability for CBPV. In the third experiment the effect of inoculation on bee mortality was evaluated. The highest level of bee mortality was observed in a group of bees inoculated with CBPV p/o, followed by a group of workers simultaneously inoculated with CBPV and N. ceranae p/o, followed by the group inoculated with CBPV p/c and the group with only N. ceranae p/o. The experimental infection with CBPV showed important differences after p/o or p/c inoculation in winter bees, while simultaneous infection with CBPV and N. ceranae suggesting a synergistic effect after inoculation. C1 [Toplak, Ivan; Ciglenecki, Urska Jamnikar] Univ Ljubljana, Fac Vet, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. [Aronstein, Katherine] ARS, Honey Bee Breeding Genet & Physiol Lab, USDA, Baton Rouge, LA 70820 USA. [Gregorc, Ales] Agr Inst Slovenia, Ljubljana 1001, Slovenia. [Gregorc, Ales] Univ Maribor, Fac Agr & Life Sci, Hoce 2310, Slovenia. RP Toplak, I (reprint author), Univ Ljubljana, Fac Vet, Gerbiceva 60, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. EM ivan.toplak@vf.uni-lj.si; urska.jamnikar@vf.uni-lj.si; kate.aronstein@ars.usda.gov; ales.gregorc@kis.si FU Slovenian Ministry for Higher Education, Science and Technology [P4-0092, P4-133, J4-2299]; Slovenian Ministry for Agriculture, Forestry and Food [V4-1114] FX We would like to thank Mitja Nakrst for his technical assistance and Matt Tarver for reading the manuscript and his useful comments. This work was supported by the Slovenian Ministry for Higher Education, Science and Technology (Research programs P4-0092, P4-133 and project: J4-2299) and by the Slovenian Ministry for Agriculture, Forestry and Food (Research Project V4-1114). NR 30 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 5 U2 50 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1999-4915 J9 VIRUSES-BASEL JI Viruses-Basel PD SEP PY 2013 VL 5 IS 9 BP 2282 EP 2297 DI 10.3390/v5092282 PG 16 WC Virology SC Virology GA 274NZ UT WOS:000328614500013 PM 24056674 ER PT J AU Pan, F Xue, AG McLaughlin, NB Li, S Xu, Y Zhao, D Qu, H AF Pan, F. Xue, Allen G. McLaughlin, Neil B. Li, S. Xu, Y. Zhao, D. Qu, H. TI Colonization of Clonostachys rosea on soybean root grown in media inoculated with Fusarium graminearum SO ACTA AGRICULTURAE SCANDINAVICA SECTION B-SOIL AND PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE biocontrol agent; colony forming unit; distribution; soybean ID BOTRYTIS-CINEREA; STRAIN ACM941; FIELD PEA; GLIOCLADIUM-ROSEUM; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; SEED TREATMENTS; UNITED-STATES; ROT COMPLEX; WHEAT; MANAGEMENT AB Soybean root rot, caused by Fusarium graminearum, is an important disease in Canada. Clonostachys rosea has been reported to provide protection against plant pathogens in different crops. The objectives of this study were to determine if a strain of C. rosea, ACM 941, can colonize soybean root that were grown in media inoculated with F. graminearum, and to determine if the distribution of C. rosea was different at different root depths. There were three treatments in this study, which included a control (CK) using normal seed without any fungal treatments; seed inoculated with ACM 941 (ACM); and seed inoculated ACM 941 and growing media inoculated with F. graminearum (ACM +Fg). Results showed that the colony forming unit (CFU) of ACM 941 was lower on the tap roots and secondary roots growing 8-13 cm below ground level than sections of roots growing 0-3 cm or 3-8 cm below ground level. ACM 941 was found in roots at the third day after soybean seed was planted, and maintained high CFU most of the time during soybean growth. Inoculation with F. graminearum had no effect on CFU of ACM 941. The ACM 941 strain colonized soybean root rapidly and was not affected by the existence of F. graminearum, suggesting that ACM 941 can successfully compete with F. graminearum, may have potential as an effective biocontrol agent for protecting soybean from the Fusarium root rot. C1 [Pan, F.; Xu, Y.] Chinese Acad Sci, Northeast Inst Geog & Agroecol, Key Lab Mollisols Agroecol, Natl Observat Stn Hailun Agroecol Syst, Harbin, Peoples R China. [Xue, Allen G.; McLaughlin, Neil B.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Eastern Cereal & Oilseed Res Ctr, Sci & Technol Branch, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Li, S.] ARS, USDA, Crop Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS USA. [Zhao, D.; Qu, H.] Heilongjiang Acad Agr Sci, Hort Branch, Harbin, Peoples R China. RP Xue, AG (reprint author), Agr & Agri Food Canada, Eastern Cereal & Oilseed Res Ctr, Sci & Technol Branch, Ottawa, ON, Canada. EM Allen.Xue@AGR.GC.CA NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 15 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS AS PI OSLO PA KARL JOHANS GATE 5, NO-0154 OSLO, NORWAY SN 0906-4710 EI 1651-1913 J9 ACTA AGR SCAND B-S P JI Acta Agric. Scand. Sect. B-Soil Plant Sci. PD SEP 1 PY 2013 VL 63 IS 6 BP 564 EP 569 DI 10.1080/09064710.2013.816768 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 268RY UT WOS:000328189400011 ER PT J AU Garcia, TP Muller, S Carroll, RJ Dunn, TN Thomas, AP Adams, SH Pillai, SD Walzem, RL AF Garcia, Tanya P. Mueller, Samuel Carroll, Raymond J. Dunn, Tamara N. Thomas, Anthony P. Adams, Sean H. Pillai, Suresh D. Walzem, Rosemary L. TI Structured variable selection with q-values SO BIOSTATISTICS LA English DT Article DE False discovery rate; Microbial data; q-Values; Variable selection; Weighted Lasso ID FALSE DISCOVERY RATE; MODEL SELECTION; WEIGHT-GAIN; DEPENDENCE; REGRESSION; VALIDATION; LASSO; DIET AB When some of the regressors can act on both the response and other explanatory variables, the already challenging problem of selecting variables when the number of covariates exceeds the sample size becomes more difficult. A motivating example is a metabolic study in mice that has diet groups and gut microbial percentages that may affect changes in multiple phenotypes related to body weight regulation. The data have more variables than observations and diet is known to act directly on the phenotypes as well as on some or potentially all of the microbial percentages. Interest lies in determining which gut microflora influence the phenotypes while accounting for the direct relationship between diet and the other variables. A new methodology for variable selection in this context is presented that links the concept of q-values from multiple hypothesis testing to the recently developed weighted Lasso. C1 [Garcia, Tanya P.] Texas A&M Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Mueller, Samuel] Univ Sydney, Sch Math & Stat, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Carroll, Raymond J.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Stat, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Dunn, Tamara N.; Thomas, Anthony P.; Adams, Sean H.] Univ Calif Davis, Grad Grp Nutr Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Dunn, Tamara N.; Thomas, Anthony P.; Adams, Sean H.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Adams, Sean H.] USDA ARS, Obes & Metab Res Unit, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Pillai, Suresh D.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Pillai, Suresh D.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Walzem, Rosemary L.] Texas A&M Univ, Grad Fac Nutr, Dept Poultry Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Garcia, TP (reprint author), Texas A&M Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM tpgarcia@srph.tamhsc.edu RI Mueller, Samuel/D-4850-2009 OI Mueller, Samuel/0000-0002-3087-8127 FU National Cancer Institute [R25T-CA090301, R37-CA057030]; Australian Research Council [DP11010199]; intramural USDA-ARS Projects [5306-51530-016-00D, 5306-51530-019-00]; National Dairy Council; Texas AgriLife Research [8738] FX This work was supported by the National Cancer Institute (R25T-CA090301 to T.P.G.); Australian Research Council (DP11010199 to S.M.); National Cancer Institute (R37-CA057030 to R.J.C.); intramural USDA-ARS Projects 5306-51530-016-00D and 5306-51530-019-00 (to S.H.A.); National Dairy Council (administered by the Dairy Research Institute to S.H.A., S.D.P., and R.L.W.); and Texas AgriLife Research (Project No. 8738 to R.L.W.). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 32 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1465-4644 EI 1468-4357 J9 BIOSTATISTICS JI Biostatistics PD SEP PY 2013 VL 14 IS 4 BP 695 EP 707 DI 10.1093/biostatistics/kxt012 PG 13 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics GA 269ZZ UT WOS:000328285800007 PM 23580317 ER PT J AU Dong, X Zhu, H Yang, X AF Dong, X. Zhu, H. Yang, X. TI THREE-DIMENSIONAL IMAGING SYSTEM FOR ANALYSES OF DYNAMIC DROPLET IMPACTION AND DEPOSIT FORMATION ON LEAVES SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Droplet rebound; Droplet retention; High-speed camera; Pesticide spray; Spray formulation ID IMPROVE SPRAY DEPOSITION; VARIABLE-RATE SPRAYER; CANOPY OPENER; SURFACES; COVERAGE; LEAF; PENETRATION; RETENTION; MODELS; VOLUME AB A system was developed to assess the dynamic processes of droplet impact, rebound, and retention on leaf surfaces with three-dimensional (3-D) images. The system components consisted of a uniform-size droplet generator, two high-speed digital video cameras, a constant-speed track, a leaf holder, and light sources. The droplet generator produced uniform droplets of 100 to 800,mu m diameter The video cameras captured droplet impact images from two different angle views for 3-D droplet impaction analyses. The camera speed used to capture images was up to 50,000 frames per second, with image resolution up to 1280 x800 pixels. The constant-speed track was used to mount and drive the droplet generator at constant speeds ranging from 1.6 to 10 km h(-1). The leaf holder supported leaves at various orientations and distances from the droplet generator Waxy and hairy leaves and water solutions amended with a non-ionic surfactant were used to verify, the system functions. Five motion processes of droplets after they impacted on waxy and hairy leaf surfaces were observed: complete retention, split retention, slide retention, splash, and rebound. The droplet motion and deposition process before and after impact were quantitatively analyzed with a 3-D image program. In conclusion, the imaging system was able to precisely observe and quantitatively analyze droplet impaction and deposit formation on waxy or hairy leaves when droplet diameter, droplet discharge speed, droplet discharge height, nozzle travel speed, leaf surface orientation, and spray formulation were variables. C1 [Dong, X.] Chinese Acad Agr Mechanizat Sci, State Key Lab Soil Plant Machinery Syst Technol, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Dong, X.; Zhu, H.] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, USDA ARS, ATRU, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Yang, X.] Chinese Acad Agr Mechanizat Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Zhu, H (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, USDA ARS, ATRU, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM heping.zhu@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 56 IS 5 BP 1641 EP 1651 PG 11 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 270DO UT WOS:000328299300001 ER PT J AU Loughrin, JH Lovanh, N Cook, KL AF Loughrin, J. H. Lovanh, N. Cook, K. L. TI IMPROVEMENT OF ANAEROBIC DIGESTER PERFORMANCE BY WASTEWATER RECIRCULATION THROUGH AN AERATED MEMBRANE SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Anaerobic digestion; animal wastes; biogas; carbon dioxide; methane production; odor; wastewater ID SILICONE MEMBRANE; ODOR; OPERATIONS; BIOGAS; QUANTIFICATION; SYSTEM AB Animal wastes are a source of nuisance odors and greenhouse gases. Swine wastewater from an anaerobic digester was recirculated through a permeable silicone hose located in an external aeration tank to determine if this affected wastewater composition, malodorants, or greenhouse gases. Treated wastewater had a higher pH than did control wastewater, but this could not be explained by differences in either ammonium or volatile fatty acid concentrations between control and treated digesters. The higher pH of treated wastewater resulted in higher-quality biogas, with carbon dioxide averaging 143,000 ppm in treated biogas and 224,000 ppm in control biogas. Methane averaged 677,000 ppm in control biogas and 697,000 ppm in treated biogas. The improvement in biogas quality was offset by a loss of biogas production: control digesters produced 490 L of biogas, and treated digesters produced 313 L of biogas. Improvements in wastewater malodorants were modest. For instance, peak cresol concentrations were approximately 67,000 ng L-1 in treated wastewater and 150,000 ng L-1 in control wastewater In a second experiment, wastewater was recirculated through the silicone hose for only the first 23 d of the experiment to limit loss of CH4 through the silicone membrane. No improvements in aromatic malodorants were achieved, but biogas production was enhanced Control digesters produced 803 L of biogas, while treated digesters produced 884 L of biogas. After wastewater recirculation was turned off, the biogas produced by treated digesters was not of higher quality than that produced by control digesters. Results show that recirculation of wastewater through a permeable membrane can be used to manipulate wastewater composition and the amount and composition of greenhouse gases. C1 [Loughrin, J. H.; Lovanh, N.; Cook, K. L.] USDA ARS, Anim Waste Management Res Unit, Bowling Green, KY 42104 USA. RP Loughrin, JH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Anim Waste Management Res Unit, 230 Bennett Lane, Bowling Green, KY 42104 USA. EM john.loughrin@ars.usda.gov NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 56 IS 5 BP 1675 EP 1681 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 270DO UT WOS:000328299300004 ER PT J AU Zhang, XC AF Zhang, X-C. TI ADJUSTING SKEWNESS AND MAXIMUM 0.5 HOUR INTENSITY IN CLIGEN TO IMPROVE EXTREME EVENT AND SUB-DAILY INTENSITY GENERATION FOR ASSESSING CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Climate generator; Extreme event; Intra-storm intensity; Statistical downscaling ID STOCHASTIC WEATHER GENERATOR; CHANGE SCENARIOS; SOUTHEASTERN AUSTRALIA; CROP PRODUCTION; UNITED-STATES; SOIL-EROSION; PRECIPITATION; MODEL; PARAMETERS; TRENDS AB Both measured data and global climate model (GCM) projections show a general increasing trend in extreme rainfall events as temperature rises in the U.S. Proper simulation of extreme events is particularly important for assessing climate change impacts on soil erosion and hydrology. The objective of this article is to find ways to adjust the skewness coefficient and maximum 0.5 h intensity in CLIGEN to improve the generation of extreme events as well as sub-daily rainfall intensity for better assessment of climate change impacts on hydrology and soil erosion. Eighteen weather stations (eight in Oklahoma and ten around world) and 23 stations in the eastern U.S. were used to develop adjustments for the skewness coefficient and maximum 0.5 h intensity, respectively It was found that the ratio of precipitation at the 99.9th percentile to mean daily precipitation was a good predictor for adjusting the skewness coefficient. Strong linear correlation was found between the skewness coefficient and ratio for all sites. The linear regression fitted to all 18 sites showed an intercept of 0.514, a slope of 0.245, and an r(2) of 0.858 (p < 0.0001). This relationship seems suitable to adjust the skewness coefficient around the world. Relative changes in maximum 0.5 h intensity were positively correlated to relative changes in monthly mean precipitation for most sites east of the Rocky Mountains. The linear fit to all 23 eastern U.S. sites without an intercept produced a slope of 0.666 and an r(2) of 0.427 (p < 0.0001), which can be used for a first-order adjustment of maximum 0.5 h intensity in CLIGEN for the region if a site-specific adjustment relationship is unavailable. C1 USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. RP Zhang, XC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, 7207 W Cheyenne St, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. EM John.Zhang@ars.usda.gov NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 56 IS 5 BP 1703 EP 1713 PG 11 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 270DO UT WOS:000328299300007 ER PT J AU Shao, H Baffaut, C Gao, JE Nelson, NO Janssen, KA Pierzynski, GM Barnes, PL AF Shao, H. Baffaut, C. Gao, J. E. Nelson, N. O. Janssen, K. A. Pierzynski, G. M. Barnes, P. L. TI DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF ALGORITHMS FOR SIMULATING TERRACES WITHIN SWAT SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Algorithm development; Erosion; Runoff; SWAT model; Terraces ID WATER ASSESSMENT-TOOL; TABLE DEPTH ALGORITHM; BENCH TERRACES; SOIL LOSS; MODEL; RUNOFF; QUALITY; SEDIMENT; EROSION; CALIBRATION AB Terraces have been proven to be an effective conservation practice for controlling high soil loss. In large hydrological programs such as the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), terrace effects are simulated by adjusting the slope length and the USLE P-factor In this study, a process-based terrace algorithm was developed and incorporated into SWAT (version 2009) to simulate the environmental effects of different kinds of terraces, i.e., normal and bench terraces. The terrace algorithm was activated at the hydrological response unit (HRU) level. Terrace description, storage effects, and the flow interaction between the terraces and the HRU were also introduced in the method. The modified SWAT model was evaluated using a four-year, six-plot event runoff and sediment data set with five years of plant yield data collected on a natural rainfall terraced field in southeast Franklin County, Kansas. Results indicated that the model's performance was satisfactory in simulating single and average plot runoff as well as average plot sediment yields, with Nash-Sutcliffe efficiencies always greater than 0.5 and often greater than 0.7. The model's performance was less consistent in simulating sediment yields from the no-till plots. The development and incorporation of the terrace algorithm provide a process-based alternative to the use of the P-factor in representing the effectiveness of terraces. C1 [Shao, H.] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Yangling, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Baffaut, C.] USDA ARS, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, Columbia, MO USA. [Gao, J. E.] Northwest A&F Univ, Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Soil & Water Conservat, Yangling, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Gao, J. E.] Minist Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Nelson, N. O.; Janssen, K. A.; Pierzynski, G. M.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Barnes, P. L.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Baffaut, C (reprint author), Univ Missouri, 241 Ag Engn Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM Claire.Baffaut@ars.usda.gov FU Chinese National Technology Support Project [2011BAD31B05]; Sub-task of Major State Science and Technology Special Project [2009ZX07212-002-003-02]; China Scholarship Council FX This article is sponsored by the Chinese National Technology Support Project entitled: "The integration of key technologies and demonstration of the soil and water conservation and efficient agriculture in the gullies rolling loess area" (2011BAD31B05) and Sub-task of Major State Science and Technology Special Project entitled: "Water Pollution Control and Treatment" (2009ZX07212-002-003-02). Mr. Hui Shao gratefully acknowledges the China Scholarship Council for supporting his study trip to the U.S. NR 46 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 56 IS 5 BP 1715 EP 1730 PG 16 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 270DO UT WOS:000328299300008 ER PT J AU Amatya, DM Rossi, CG Saleh, A Dai, Z Youssef, MA Williams, RG Bosch, DD Chescheir, GM Sun, G Skaggs, RW Trettin, CC Vance, ED Nettles, JE Tian, S AF Amatya, D. M. Rossi, C. G. Saleh, A. Dai, Z. Youssef, M. A. Williams, R. G. Bosch, D. D. Chescheir, G. M. Sun, G. Skaggs, R. W. Trettin, C. C. Vance, E. D. Nettles, J. E. Tian, S. TI REVIEW OF NITROGEN FATE MODELS APPLICABLE TO FOREST LANDSCAPES IN THE SOUTHERN US SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Review DE APEX; C:N ratio; DRAINMOD-FOREST; Hydrologic processes; In-stream process; MIKESHE-DNDC; Nitrogen transport; Productivity; REMM; SWAT ID ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT MODEL; DRAINMOD-N-II; LUMPED-PARAMETER MODEL; PROCESS-ORIENTED MODEL; WATER ASSESSMENT-TOOL; NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION; PLAIN RIPARIAN SYSTEM; LOBLOLLY-PINE STANDS; LOWER COASTAL-PLAIN; LAND-USE CHANGE AB Assessing the environmental impacts of fertilizer nitrogen (N) used to increase productivity in managed forests is complex due to a wide range of abiotic and biotic factors affecting its forms and movement. Models developed to predict fertilizer N fate (e.g., cycling processes) and water quality impacts vary widely in their design, scope, and potential application. We review the applicability of five commonly used eco-hydrologic models (APEX, MIKESHE-DNDC, DRAINMOD-FOREST, REMM, and SWAT) in assessing N fate and transport in southern forest landscapes (< 50 km(2)) because of their comprehensiveness and multi-scale predictions. The field-scale models DRAINMOD-FOREST and REMM contain process-level components characterizing hydrology, forest growth, and N dynamics, but they have limited capability to describe transport processes at the landscape scale. APEX can describe hydrology, forest growth, N fate processes, and plant competition at the landscape and small watershed scales mostly for upland SWAT is best suited to hydrologic simulations at watershed scale (> 50 km(2)), although N routing below the subbasin level does not yet exist. Similarly, the distributed MIKESHE-DNDC model has been used to assess N cycles across different spatial scales, on both uplands and lowlands, but was not intended to model lateral N transport. However, MIKESHE alone is capable of describing the hydrology and N transport. The strengths of each of the models reflect their original design and scope intent. Based on this review, none of the five models that we considered is independently adequate to address the fate of N fertilizers applied to forest stands at both small and large scales, including uplands and lowlands. While efforts are underway to extend these tools' capabilities and address their various limitations, the models must be validated using experimental data before using their outputs, together with uncertainty analysis, for developing forest fertilization guidelines and the fate and transport of N. C1 [Amatya, D. M.; Trettin, C. C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Ctr Forested Wetlands Res, Cordesville, SC 29434 USA. [Rossi, C. G.] Bur Land Management, Natl Operat Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Saleh, A.] Tarleton State Univ, Texas Inst Appl Environm Res, Stephenville, TX USA. [Dai, Z.] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Youssef, M. A.; Chescheir, G. M.; Skaggs, R. W.; Tian, S.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Williams, R. G.; Bosch, D. D.] USDA ARS, SE Watershed Res Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Sun, G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Eastern Forest Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, Raleigh, NC USA. [Vance, E. D.] Natl Council Air & Stream Improvement NCASI Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Nettles, J. E.] Weyerhaeuser Co, Timberlands Technol, Columbus, MS USA. RP Amatya, DM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Ctr Forested Wetlands Res, 3734 Highway 402, Cordesville, SC 29434 USA. EM damatya@fs.fed.us NR 206 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 31 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 56 IS 5 BP 1731 EP 1757 PG 27 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 270DO UT WOS:000328299300009 ER PT J AU Yao, H Hruska, Z Kincaid, R Brown, RL Bhatnagar, D Cleveland, TE AF Yao, H. Hruska, Z. Kincaid, R. Brown, R. L. Bhatnagar, D. Cleveland, T. E. TI HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGE CLASSIFICATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF FLUORESCENCE INDEX FOR SINGLE CORN KERNELS INFECTED WITH ASPERGILLUS FLAVUS SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Aflatoxin; Corn; Fluorescence; Hyperspectral image; Image classification; Index ID MAYS L. KERNELS; REFLECTANCE; AFLATOXIN; FUSARIUM; CONTAMINATION; SYSTEM AB Aflatoxins are toxic secondary metabolites predominantly produced by the fungi Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. Aflatoxin-contaminated corn is toxic to domestic animals when ingested in feed and is a known carcinogen associated with liver and lung cancer in humans. Consequently, aflatoxin levels in food and feed are regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which allows 20 ppb (parts per billion) limits in food and 100 ppb in feed for interstate commerce. Currently, aflatoxin detection and quantification methods are based on analytical tests, including thin-layer chromatography (TCL) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). These analytical tests require the destruction of samples and are costly and time consuming. Thus, the ability to detect aflatoxin in a rapid, non-destructive way is crucial to the grain industry, particularly the corn industry. Hyperspectral imaging technology offers a non-invasive approach to screening for food safety inspection and quality control based on spectral signatures. The focus of this study was to classify aflatoxin-contaminated single corn kernels using fluorescence hyperspectral imagery. Field-inoculated corn kernels were used in the study. Contaminated and control kernels under long-wavelength ultraviolet excitation were imaged using a visible near-infrared (VNIR) hyperspectral camera. The imaged kernels were chemically analyzed to provide reference information for image analysis. This article describes a procedure for processing corn kernels located in different images for statistical training and classification. Two classification algorithms (maximum likelihood and binary encoding) were used to classify each corn kernel as "control" or "contaminated" through pixel classification. The binary encoding approach had a slightly better performance, with accuracy equal to 87% or 88% when 20 ppb or 100 ppb, respectively, was used as the classification threshold. In addition, three narrow-band fluorescence indices were developed and tested in this study. It was found that the highest correlation was -0.81 with the normalized difference fluorescence index (NDFI). The two bands used for the NDFI were 437 and 537 nm. The use of key wavelengths for contamination detection would be helpful for developing rapid and non-invasive inspection systems. This study demonstrated the potential of using fluorescence hyperspectral imagery for aflatoxin contamination detection in corn kernels infected with A. flavus. C1 [Yao, H.; Hruska, Z.; Kincaid, R.] Mississippi State Univ, Geosyst Res Inst, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. [Brown, R. L.; Bhatnagar, D.; Cleveland, T. E.] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. RP Yao, H (reprint author), 1021 Balch Blvd, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM haibo@gri.msstate.edu FU USDA [58-6435-3-121] FX Funding for this work was provided by the USDA (Cooperative Agreement No. 58-6435-3-121). The authors would like to thank Dr. Matthew Krakowsky of the USDA-ARS in Tifton, Georgia, for help with producing the corn samples for this study, including planting, inoculation, and harvesting. NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 56 IS 5 BP 1977 EP 1988 PG 12 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 270DO UT WOS:000328299300031 ER PT J AU Lopez-Martinez, I Balish, A Barrera-Badillo, G Jones, J Nunez-Garcia, TE Jang, Y Aparicio-Antonio, R Azziz-Baumgartner, E Belser, JA Ramirez-Gonzalez, JE Pedersen, JC Ortiz-Alcantara, J Gonzalez-Duran, E Shu, B Emery, SL Poh, MK Reyes-Teran, G Vazquez-Perez, JA Avila-Rios, S Uyeki, T Lindstrom, S Villanueva, J Tokars, J Ruiz-Matus, C Gonzalez-Roldan, JF Schmitt, B Klimov, A Cox, N Kuri-Morales, P Davis, CT Diaz-Quinonez, JA AF Lopez-Martinez, Irma Balish, Amanda Barrera-Badillo, Gisela Jones, Joyce Nunez-Garcia, Tatiana E. Jang, Yunho Aparicio-Antonio, Rodrigo Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo Belser, Jessica A. Ramirez-Gonzalez, Jose E. Pedersen, Janice C. Ortiz-Alcantara, Joanna Gonzalez-Duran, Elizabeth Shu, Bo Emery, Shannon L. Poh, Mee K. Reyes-Teran, Gustavo Vazquez-Perez, Joel A. Avila-Rios, Santiago Uyeki, Timothy Lindstrom, Stephen Villanueva, Julie Tokars, Jerome Ruiz-Matus, Cuitlahuac Gonzalez-Roldan, Jesus F. Schmitt, Beverly Klimov, Alexander Cox, Nancy Kuri-Morales, Pablo Davis, C. Todd Diaz-Quinonez, Jose Alberto TI Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H7N3) Virus in Poultry Workers, Mexico, 2012 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID BRITISH-COLUMBIA; HUMAN ILLNESS; H7N3; INFECTION; RECOMBINATION; OUTBREAK AB We identified 2 poultry workers with conjunctivitis caused by highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H7N3) viruses in Jalisco, Mexico. Genomic and antigenic analyses of 1 isolate indicated relatedness to poultry and wild bird subtype H7N3 viruses from North America. This isolate had a multibasic cleavage site that might have been derived from redombination with host rRNA. C1 [Lopez-Martinez, Irma; Barrera-Badillo, Gisela; Nunez-Garcia, Tatiana E.; Aparicio-Antonio, Rodrigo; Ramirez-Gonzalez, Jose E.; Ortiz-Alcantara, Joanna; Gonzalez-Duran, Elizabeth; Diaz-Quinonez, Jose Alberto] Inst Diagnost & Referencia Epidemiol, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Balish, Amanda; Jones, Joyce; Jang, Yunho; Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo; Belser, Jessica A.; Shu, Bo; Emery, Shannon L.; Poh, Mee K.; Uyeki, Timothy; Lindstrom, Stephen; Villanueva, Julie; Tokars, Jerome; Klimov, Alexander; Cox, Nancy; Davis, C. Todd] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Pedersen, Janice C.; Schmitt, Beverly] USDA, Ames, IA USA. [Reyes-Teran, Gustavo; Vazquez-Perez, Joel A.; Avila-Rios, Santiago] Inst Nacl Enfermedades Resp, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Ruiz-Matus, Cuitlahuac; Gonzalez-Roldan, Jesus F.] Direcc Gen Epidemiol, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Kuri-Morales, Pablo] Subsecretaria Prevenc & Promoc Salud, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. RP Davis, CT (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop D30, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ctdavis@cdc.gov OI Diaz-Quinonez, Jose Alberto/0000-0002-3503-7079 NR 15 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 7 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD SEP PY 2013 VL 19 IS 9 BP 1531 EP 1534 DI 10.3201/eid1909.130087 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 268MB UT WOS:000328173800030 PM 23965808 ER PT J AU Lehmkuhl, JF Lyons, AL Bracken, E Leingang, J Gaines, WL Dodson, EK Singleton, PH AF Lehmkuhl, John F. Lyons, Andrea L. Bracken, Edd Leingang, Jodi Gaines, William L. Dodson, Erich K. Singleton, Peter H. TI Forage Composition, Productivity, and Utilization in the Eastern Washington Cascade Range SO NORTHWEST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE ungulates; forage; grazing; exotic species; Washington ID YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK; HERBIVORE OPTIMIZATION THEORY; GRASSLAND PLANT DIVERSITY; PONDEROSA PINE FORESTS; WAPITI CERVUS-ELAPHUS; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; ROCKY-MOUNTAIN ELK; NORTH-AMERICAN ELK; MULE DEER; VEGETATION RESPONSES AB Provision of forage for wild and domestic ungulates, and the associated impacts of their herbivory, are contentious issues for wildland management in western North America. We quantified the composition, above-ground net production (ANP), and utilization of herbaceous and shrub vegetation in five non-forest and seven forest cover types across the core spring-summer-fall range of the Yakima elk herd in the eastern Washington Cascade Range. We randomly sampled each cover type along three elevational transects during a two-year period. Riparian/meadow was the most productive cover type (2,752 kg ha(-1) ANP). High-productivity forest at low to high elevations produced 900-1200 kg ha(-1) ANP. High-elevation forest and grassland, shrubland, and shrub-steppe produced 600-700 kg ha(-1) ANP. The low-productivity forest cover types and parkland produced 100-400 kg ha(-1) ANP. Utilization of forbs, grasses, and shrubs combined averaged 47% of ANP across all cover types, ranging from 26% in high-elevation forest to 63% in shrub-steppe. Grasses and forbs were equally utilized at about 57% of ANP, whereas shrubs were utilized at only 4% of ANP. Twenty-two of 55 shrub species accounted for the majority of shrub productivity and showed little to no long-term browsing; but, several shrub species were moderately to severely hedged. Moderate to high levels of ungulate utilization indicate potentially strong impacts of ungulate herbivory on pattern and process in eastern Cascades forests. Dry forest restoration management to reduce fuel loads and restore resiliency to disturbance likely will increase forage for ungulates, especially in closed-canopy true fir and Douglas-fir stands. C1 [Lehmkuhl, John F.; Dodson, Erich K.; Singleton, Peter H.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. [Lyons, Andrea L.; Gaines, William L.] Okanogan Wenatchee Natl Forest, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. [Bracken, Edd] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Ellensburg, WA 98926 USA. [Leingang, Jodi] Okanogan Wenatchee Natl Forest, Naches, WA 98937 USA. RP Lehmkuhl, JF (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, 1133 N Western Ave, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. EM jlehmkuhl@nwi.net FU Okanogan-Wenatchee National Forest; Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation; U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station's National Fire Plan research project [01.PNW.C.2]; Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife FX Our research was funded by the Okanogan-Wenatchee National Forest, the Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation, the U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station's National Fire Plan research project on "Fuel reduction and forest restoration strategies that also sustain key habitats, species, and ecological processes in fire-prone ecosystems in the interior Northwest" (01.PNW.C.2), and the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife. The Yakama Indian Nation provided data to map vegetation on the Yakama Reservation. We thank D. Ianni, J. Wheeler, C. Jaeger, and J. Lanoye for their significant contribution to field work and data management. A draft of the manuscript was reviewed by M. Vavra, M. Rowland, and S. McCorquodale. We thank the journal's anonymous reviewers for their many insightful and useful comments. NR 109 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 13 PU NORTHWEST SCIENTIFIC ASSOC PI SEATTLE PA JEFFREY DUDA, USGS, WESTERN FISHERIES RES CTR, 6505 NE 65 ST, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA SN 0029-344X EI 2161-9859 J9 NORTHWEST SCI JI Northwest Sci. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 87 IS 4 BP 267 EP 291 DI 10.3955/046.087.0404 PG 25 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 262WV UT WOS:000327769500001 ER PT J AU Knudsen, GR Dixon, RD Amelon, SK AF Knudsen, Guy R. Dixon, Rita D. Amelon, Sybill K. TI Potential Spread of White-nose Syndrome of Bats to the Northwest: Epidemiological Considerations SO NORTHWEST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE bat; invasive pathogens; wildlife disease ID WHEAT APHID HOMOPTERA; GEOMYCES-DESTRUCTANS; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; BEAUVERIA-BASSIANA; SPATIAL SIMULATION; MYOTIS-LUCIFUGUS; FUNGAL PATHOGEN; ECOLOGY; MODELS; GROWTH AB In the past several years, a fungal epidemic has devastated hibernating bat populations in eastern North America, with an estimated loss of 5.7 to 6.7 million bats as of January 2012. The potential for the disease to spread to bat populations in the western states and Canadian provinces remains unknown, but is cause for significant concern. This wildlife health crisis has been dubbed white-nose syndrome (WNS), for the distinctive white fungal growth that appears on the muzzles, ears, and wing membranes of affected bats. This fungus, the recently named species Geomyces destructans, has been determined to be the causal agent of WNS. However, relatively little is currently known about the ecology of this organism, its potential for invasiveness in the Northwest, and about how disease spreads within and between bat populations. Our purpose here is to summarize current epidemiological knowledge about WNS, in an ecological context relevant to efforts to understand the epidemic and predict its potential to spread to western bat populations. Because of strong similarities between WNS and some invasive fungal diseases of crops and forests, our approach is to incorporate epidemiological perspectives borrowed from the field of plant pathology as well as from wildlife pathology. We highlight research needs that will help to understand, predict, and manage this devastating wildlife disease. C1 [Knudsen, Guy R.] Univ Idaho, Soil & Land Resources Div, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Dixon, Rita D.] Idaho Dept Fish & Game, Boise, ID 83707 USA. [Amelon, Sybill K.] Univ Missouri Columbia, USDA, US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Knudsen, GR (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Soil & Land Resources Div, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM gknudsen@uidaho.edu OI Amelon, Sybill/0000-0003-3940-8153 FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service FX This work was funded in part by a grant from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to Sybill Amelon and Guy Knudsen. We thank Craig Willis, University of Winnipeg, for information on thermal refugia. Finally, we also thank the editors of Northwest Science and two anonymous reviewers for their comments and suggestions that improved an earlier version of this manuscript. NR 95 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 58 PU NORTHWEST SCIENTIFIC ASSOC PI SEATTLE PA JEFFREY DUDA, USGS, WESTERN FISHERIES RES CTR, 6505 NE 65 ST, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA SN 0029-344X EI 2161-9859 J9 NORTHWEST SCI JI Northwest Sci. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 87 IS 4 BP 292 EP 306 DI 10.3955/046.087.0401 PG 15 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 262WV UT WOS:000327769500002 ER PT J AU Jeffries, T Willis, L Mahan, S AF Jeffries, Thomas Willis, Laura Mahan, Sarah TI Engineered and adapted Scheffersomyces stipitis strains with improved fermentative performance in hemicellulosic sugar solutions SO YEAST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 26th International Conference on Yeast Genetics and Molecular Biology CY AUG 29-SEP 03, 2013 CL Frankfurt Main, GERMANY SP Wiley Blackwell, Lesaffre, Singer Instruments, Federat European Microbiol Soc, Sci Res & Dev GmbH, VAAM, Cluster Excellence Frankfurt, Carlsberg Lab, Butalco, SFB 902, DSM, ARTES C1 [Jeffries, Thomas] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Willis, Laura; Mahan, Sarah] USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0749-503X EI 1097-0061 J9 YEAST JI Yeast PD SEP PY 2013 VL 30 SU 1 BP 133 EP 133 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology; Mycology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology; Mycology GA 265CN UT WOS:000327927400239 ER PT J AU Jones, CA Nickerson, CJ Heisey, PW AF Jones, Carol Adaire Nickerson, Cynthia J. Heisey, Paul W. TI New Uses of Old Tools? Greenhouse Gas Mitigation with Agriculture Sector Policies SO APPLIED ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVES AND POLICY LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation; Agriculture and forestry sector; Bioenergy policy; Conservation programs; Agricultural RD programs; Q16; Q42; Q54; Q58 ID CONSERVATION RESERVE PROGRAM; LAND-USE CHANGE; CARBON SEQUESTRATION; UNITED-STATES; SOIL CARBON; EMISSIONS; SLIPPAGE; PRODUCTIVITY; PARTICIPATION; ADDITIONALITY AB Following the failure of legislative proposals for a multi-sector greenhouse gas (GHG) cap-and-trade policy, the shift in focus to energy sector policies ignores the perhaps substantial potential for GHG mitigation from agriculture/forestry. We review estimates of the current U.S. agriculture sector contribution to GHG mitigation from a portfolio of existing sector policies in bioenergy, conservation, and research and development to compare accomplishments across programs. We then consider what opportunities and challenges may exist for increasing sector GHG mitigation by retargeting and/or expanding current programsuor for bioenergy-related mitigation, implementing proposed new programsuto serve as an alternative to cap-and-trade. C1 [Jones, Carol Adaire; Nickerson, Cynthia J.; Heisey, Paul W.] USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Jones, CA (reprint author), USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM cjones@ers.usda.gov NR 80 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 23 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 2040-5790 EI 2040-5804 J9 APPL ECON PERSPECT P JI Appl. Econ. Perspect. Policy PD SEP PY 2013 VL 35 IS 3 BP 398 EP 434 DI 10.1093/aepp/ppt020 PG 37 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA 262EW UT WOS:000327718100003 ER PT J AU Ball, E Schimmelpfennig, D Wang, SL AF Ball, Eldon Schimmelpfennig, David Wang, Sun Ling TI Is U.S. Agricultural Productivity Growth Slowing? SO APPLIED ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVES AND POLICY LA English DT Article DE Agriculture; Structural breaks; Total factor productivity growth; O4; Q1; Q38 ID UNDERSTANDING SPURIOUS REGRESSIONS; AUTOREGRESSIVE TIME-SERIES; UNIT-ROOT HYPOTHESIS; OIL-PRICE SHOCK; GREAT CRASH; TESTS; SLOWDOWN; ECONOMETRICS; COEFFICIENTS; MODELS AB This paper uses statistics on agricultural productivity compiled by the U.S. Department of Agricultures Economic Research Service to test the productivity slowdown hypothesis. The indexes of productivity growth span the years 1948 to 2009. In our analysis, we apply econometric techniques that allow for multiple structural breaks at unknown points in time and in various forms. The tests identify a break in trend in 1974 and an intercept shift in 1985. These results point to slower productivity growth in agriculture beginning in 1974. Prior to 1974, productivity grew at an annual rate of 1.71, but this slowed to 1.56 after 1974. This slower rate of productivity growth persisted after the intercept shift in 1985 but from a higher absolute level of productivity. C1 [Ball, Eldon; Schimmelpfennig, David; Wang, Sun Ling] USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Wang, SL (reprint author), USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM slwang@ers.usda.gov NR 41 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 6 U2 28 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 2040-5790 EI 2040-5804 J9 APPL ECON PERSPECT P JI Appl. Econ. Perspect. Policy PD SEP PY 2013 VL 35 IS 3 BP 435 EP 450 DI 10.1093/aepp/ppt014 PG 16 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA 262EW UT WOS:000327718100004 ER PT J AU Yang, SG Hao, GF Dayan, FE Tranel, PJ Yang, GF AF Yang, Shenggang Hao, Gefei Dayan, Franck E. Tranel, Patrick J. Yang, Guangfu TI Insight into the Structural Requirements of Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase Inhibitors: Molecular Docking and CoMFA of Diphenyl Ether, Isoxazole Phenyl, and Pyrazole Phenyl Ether SO CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE protoporphyrinogen oxidase; Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR); Comparative Molecular Field Analysis (CoMFA); diphenyl ether; isoxazole phenyl; pyrazole phenyl ether ID FIELD ANALYSIS; HERBICIDAL ACTIVITY; CODON DELETION; IX OXIDASE; TARGET; DERIVATIVES; BINDING; MODELS; BIOSYNTHESIS; CHLOROPHYLL AB Protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO, EC 1.3.3.4) is one of the most significant targets for a large family of inhibitors that may be used as herbicide, bactericide, fungicide, or photosensitizing activator to treat cancer through photodynamic therapy (PDT). Molecular docking and CoMFA were combined in a multistep framework with the ultimate goal of identifying important factor contributing to the activity of PPO inhibitors. As a continuation of the previous research work on the development of new PPO inhibitors, the bioassay results indicated that good PPO inhibitors were discovered in all of the three chemical series with IC50 values ranging from 0.010 to 0.061 mu molL-1. Using the crystal structure of tobacco mitochondrial PPO (mtPPO) as template, all the compounds were docked into the enzyme active site. The docking pose of each compound was subsequently used in a receptor-based alignment, leading to the development of a significant CoMFA model with r(2) value of 0.98 and q(2) (cross validation r(2)) value of 0.63. This novel multistep framework gives insight into the structural characteristics for the binding of inhibitors, and it can be extended to other classes of PPO inhibitors. In addition, the simplicity of the proposed approach may be particularly applicable in virtual screening procedures. C1 [Yang, Shenggang; Hao, Gefei; Yang, Guangfu] Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Chem, Minist Educ, Key Lab Pesticide & Chem Biol, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Dayan, Franck E.] USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. [Tranel, Patrick J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Yang, GF (reprint author), Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Chem, Minist Educ, Key Lab Pesticide & Chem Biol, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China. EM gfyang@mail.ccnu.edu.cn RI Dayan, Franck/A-7592-2009 OI Dayan, Franck/0000-0001-6964-2499 NR 38 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 30 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1001-604X EI 1614-7065 J9 CHINESE J CHEM JI Chin. J. Chem. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 31 IS 9 SI SI BP 1153 EP 1158 DI 10.1002/cjoc.201300449 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 264MU UT WOS:000327882900006 ER PT J AU Corella, D Ordovas, JM AF Corella, D. Ordovas, J. M. TI Can genotype be used to tailor treatment of obesity? State of the art and guidelines for future studies and applications SO MINERVA ENDOCRINOLOGICA LA English DT Article DE Obesity; Genotype; Gene-environment interactions ID BODY-MASS INDEX; DIETARY-FAT INTAKE; GENE-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS; GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; LIFE-STYLE INTERVENTION; COPY NUMBER VARIATION; WEIGHT-LOSS; PERSONALIZED-MEDICINE; FTO GENOTYPE; ANTHROPOMETRIC TRAITS AB Current treatments for losing weight based mainly on diet and exercise are, in general, unsuccessful. So, as an alternative to the general strategy of one-size-fits-all, a more individualized approach is proposed through the so-called Personalised Medicine in which genotype data are used to personalize treatment and to optimize the results. This paper examines the current situation of the evidence on the influence of the genotype in modulating the association between diet or exercise on obesity and weight-related measures. Most of these studies are observational studies, as there are far fewer experimental ones assessing short-term weight-loss or its long-term maintenance. Many more studies are therefore required for that purpose. Having reviewed the results of the studies undertaken to date, we can say that huge progress has been made in identifying polymorphisms in genes related with obesity and that there is a great consistency of the influence of the FTO gene on the same, while for other variants, there is less consistency. Moreover, the results on gene-diet and gene-physical activity interactions in determining obesity phenotypes are very heterogeneous, so an important recommendation is to standardize the methodology for undertaking these studies. Furthermore, an important lack of replication has been observed suggesting undetected higher-level interactions and/or experimental caveats. Therefore, the current evidence level of applying genotype data to obesity treatment is at its early stages. Nevertheless, future prospects are encouraging and to make this come true, several guidelines are proposed for carrying out new studies on applications in clinical practice. C1 [Corella, D.] Univ Valencia, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med & Publ Hlth, Valencia 46010, Spain. [Corella, D.] Inst Salud Carlos III, CIBER Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr, Madrid, Spain. [Ordovas, J. M.] CNIC, Dept Cardiovasc Epidemiol & Populat Genet, Madrid, Spain. [Ordovas, J. M.] IMDEA Alimentac, Madrid, Spain. [Ordovas, J. M.] Tufts Univ, Nutr & Genom Lab, JM USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Corella, D (reprint author), Univ Valencia, Genet & Mol Epidemiol Unit, Blasco Ibanez 15, Valencia 46010, Spain. EM dolores.corella@uv.es FU Spanish Ministry of Health (Instituto de Salud Carlos III); Ministry of Economy and Innovation, Spain; Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional [CIBER 06/03, CNIC-06, PI11/02505, AGL2010-22319-C03-03]; US Department of Agriculture Research Service, USA [53-K06-5-10, 58-1950-9-001]; Generalitat Valenciana, Spain [GVACOMP2011-151, ACOMP/2011/145, ACOMP/2012/190, ACOMP/2013/165, ACOMP/2013/159] FX This study has been supported by The Spanish Ministry of Health (Instituto de Salud Carlos III) and the Ministry of Economy and Innovation, Spain and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (projects CIBER 06/03, CNIC-06, PI11/02505, AGL2010-22319-C03-03), by contracts 53-K06-5-10 and 58-1950-9-001 from the US Department of Agriculture Research Service, USA and by the Generalitat Valenciana, Spain (GVACOMP2011-151, ACOMP/2011/145, ACOMP/2012/190, ACOMP/2013/165 and ACOMP/2013/159). NR 91 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 10 PU EDIZIONI MINERVA MEDICA PI TURIN PA CORSO BRAMANTE 83-85 INT JOURNALS DEPT., 10126 TURIN, ITALY SN 0391-1977 EI 1827-1634 J9 MINERVA ENDOCRINOL JI Minerva Endocrinol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 38 IS 3 BP 219 EP 235 PG 17 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 262QW UT WOS:000327753700001 PM 24126543 ER PT J AU Eggleston, G Cole, M Andrzejewski, B AF Eggleston, Gillian Cole, Marsha Andrzejewski, Brett TI New Commercially Viable Processing Technologies for the Production of Sugar Feedstocks from Sweet Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) for Manufacture of Biofuels and Bioproducts SO SUGAR TECH LA English DT Review DE Sweet sorghum; Processing; Clarification; Storage; Biofuels; Bioproducts ID HIGH GRAVITY FERMENTATION; SOLID-STATE FERMENTATION; FUEL ALCOHOL PRODUCTION; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; CANE JUICE; PILOT-PLANT; POSTHARVEST CHANGES; SUSPENDED-SOLIDS; PITCHING RATE AB Sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) has been widely recognized as a promising sugar feedstock crop because it: (i) is among the plants giving the highest yields of carbohydrates per hectare; (ii) is easily cultivated from seed; (iii) has low input requirements and wide geographic suitability; and (iv) has huge breeding potential. One of the fundamental processing areas identified by industry for the commercial, large-scale manufacture of liquid biofuels and bioproducts from sweet sorghum is the stabilization and clarification of juice to make it suitable for concentration into syrup for long-term storage, year-round supply, efficient transport, and acceptable fermentation yields. This paper reviews and discusses recent developments of commercially viable processing technologies to stabilize sweet sorghum juice and syrup feedstocks for use in downstream fermentations for manufacture of biofuels and bioproducts. C1 [Eggleston, Gillian; Cole, Marsha; Andrzejewski, Brett] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Eggleston, G (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM gillian.eggleston@ars.usda.gov NR 112 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 36 PU SPRINGER INDIA PI NEW DELHI PA 7TH FLOOR, VIJAYA BUILDING, 17, BARAKHAMBA ROAD, NEW DELHI, 110 001, INDIA SN 0972-1525 J9 SUGAR TECH JI Sugar Tech. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 15 IS 3 SI SI BP 232 EP 249 DI 10.1007/s12355-013-0229-6 PG 18 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 265FL UT WOS:000327935300003 ER PT J AU Avanzi, JC Silva, MLN Curi, N Norton, LD Beskow, S Martins, SG AF Avanzi, Junior Cesar Naves Silva, Marx Leandro Curi, Nilton Norton, Lloyd Darrell Beskow, Samuel Martins, Sergio Gualberto TI SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF WATER EROSION RISK IN A WATERSHED WITH EUCALYPTUS AND ATLANTIC FOREST SO CIENCIA E AGROTECNOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Forest systems; soil losses; USLE; GIS; coastal plain ID ESPIRITO-SANTO STATE; SOIL LOSS EQUATION; COASTAL-PLAIN; BRAZIL; GIS; CATCHMENT; EROSIVITY; USLE AB The process of water erosion occurs in watersheds throughout the world and it is strongly affected by anthropogenic influences. Thus, the knowledge of these processes is extremely necessary for planning of conservation efforts. This study was performed in an experimental forested watershed in order to predict the average potential annual soil loss by water erosion using the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and a Geographic Information System (GIS), and then compared with soil loss tolerance. All the USLE factors were generated in a distributed approach employing a GIS tool. The layers were multiplied in the GIS framework in order to predict soil erosion rates. Results showed that the average soil loss was 6.2 Mg ha(-1) yr(-1). Relative to soil loss tolerance, 83% of the area had an erosion rate lesser than the tolerable value. According to soil loss classes, 49% of the watershed had erosion less than 2.5 Mg ha(-1) yr(-1). However, about 8.7% of the watershed had erosion rates greater than 15 Mg ha(-1) yr(-1), being mainly related to Plinthosol soil class and roads, thus requiring special attention for the improvement of sustainable management practices for such areas. Eucalyptus cultivation was found to have soil loss greater than Atlantic Forest. Thus, an effort should be made to bring the erosion rates closer to the native forest. Implementation of the USLE model in a GIS framework was found to be a simple and useful tool for predicting the spatial variation of soil erosion risk and identifying critical areas for conservation efforts. C1 [Avanzi, Junior Cesar] Empresa Brasileira Pesquisa Agr Embrapa, Ctr Nacl Pesquisa Pesca Aquicultura & Sistemas Ag, BR-77020020 Palmas, TO, Brazil. [Naves Silva, Marx Leandro; Curi, Nilton] Univ Fed Lavras UFLA, DCS, Lavras, MG, Brazil. [Norton, Lloyd Darrell] ARS, USDA, NSERL, W Lafayette, IN USA. [Beskow, Samuel] Univ Fed Pelotas UFPel, Ctr Desenvolvimento Tecnol Engn Hidrica, Pelotas, RS, Brazil. [Martins, Sergio Gualberto] Univ Fed Sao Joao del Rey UFSJ, Sao Joao Del Rei, MG, Brazil. RP Avanzi, JC (reprint author), Empresa Brasileira Pesquisa Agr Embrapa, Ctr Nacl Pesquisa Pesca Aquicultura & Sistemas Ag, Quadra 104 Sul,Ave LO 1,34,1&2 Pavimentos, BR-77020020 Palmas, TO, Brazil. EM junior.avanzi@embrapa.br RI Avanzi, Junior/A-4659-2010 OI Avanzi, Junior/0000-0003-2455-0325 NR 23 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 21 PU UNIV FEDERAL LAVRAS-UFLA PI LAVRAS PA CAIXA POSTAL 3037, LAVRAS, MG 37200-000, BRAZIL SN 1413-7054 EI 1981-1829 J9 CIENC AGROTEC JI Cienc. Agrotec. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 37 IS 5 BP 427 EP 434 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 256OX UT WOS:000327324400006 ER PT J AU Steel, EA Kennedy, MC Cunningham, PG Stanovick, JS AF Steel, E. Ashley Kennedy, Maureen C. Cunningham, Patrick G. Stanovick, John S. TI Applied statistics in ecology: common pitfalls and simple solutions SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE confidence intervals; errors; experimental design; graphing; mistakes; p values; statistics education ID MODELS; THINKING; QUALITY AB The most common statistical pitfalls in ecological research are those associated with data exploration, the logic of sampling and design, and the interpretation of statistical results. Although one can find published errors in calculations, the majority of statistical pitfalls result from incorrect logic or interpretation despite correct numerical calculations. There are often simple solutions to avoiding these problems that require only patience, clarity of thinking, probabilistic insight, and a reduced reliance on out-of- the-box approaches. Some of these trouble spots are inherent to all statistical analyses and others are particularly insidious in ecology where true controls or replication are challenging, small sample sizes are common, and correctly linking mathematical constructs and ecological ideas is essential. Here we summarize the most common statistical pitfalls observed over nearly a century of combined consulting and research experience in ecological statistics. We provide short, simple solutions. C1 [Steel, E. Ashley] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. [Kennedy, Maureen C.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. [Cunningham, Patrick G.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Stanovick, John S.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. RP Steel, EA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, 400 N34th St,Suite 201, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. EM asteel@fs.fed.us NR 42 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 9 U2 43 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD SEP PY 2013 VL 4 IS 9 AR UNSP 115 DI 10.1890/ES13-00160.1 PG 13 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 257JN UT WOS:000327379700010 ER PT J AU Pham, T Jones, J Metoyer, R Swanson, F Pabst, R AF Tuan Pham Jones, Julia Metoyer, Ronald Swanson, Frederick Pabst, Robert TI Interactive visual analysis promotes exploration of long-term ecological data SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE cone production; design study; diversity/distribution; forest structure; information visualization; stream chemistry; temporal trends ID INFORMATION VISUALIZATION; DOUGLAS-FIR; OREGON AB Long-term ecological data are crucial in helping ecologists understand ecosystem function and environmental change. Nevertheless, these kinds of data sets are difficult to analyze because they are usually large, multivariate, and spatiotemporal. Although existing analysis tools such as statistical methods and spreadsheet software permit rigorous tests of pre-conceived hypotheses and static charts for simple data exploration, they have limited capacity to provide an overview of the data and to enable ecologists to explore data iteratively, and interactively, before committing to statistical analysis. These issues hinder how ecologists gain knowledge and generate hypotheses from long-term data. We present Ecological Distributions and Trends Explorer (EcoDATE), a web-based, visual-analysis tool that facilitates exploratory analysis of long-term ecological data (i.e., generating hypotheses as opposed to confirming hypotheses). The tool, which is publicly available online, was created and refined through a user-centered design process in which our team of ecologists and visualization researchers collaborated closely. The results of our collaboration were (1) a set of visual representation and interaction techniques well suited to communicating distribution patterns and temporal trends in ecological data sets, and (2) an understanding of processes ecologists use to explore data and generate and test hypotheses. We present three case studies to demonstrate the utility of EcoDATE and the exploratory analysis processes using long-term data on cone production, stream chemistry, and forest structure collected as part of the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest (HJA), Long Term Ecological Research (LTER), and US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station programs. We also present results from a survey of 15 participants of a working group at the 2012 LTER All Scientists Meeting that showed that users appreciated the tool for its ease of use, holistic access to large data sets, and interactivity. C1 [Tuan Pham; Metoyer, Ronald] Oregon State Univ, Sch Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Jones, Julia] Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Swanson, Frederick] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Northwest Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Pabst, Robert] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Pham, T (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Sch Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM pham@eecs.oregonstate.edu FU HJ Andrews LTER (NSF) [0823380, 0218088, 9632921]; NSF grant ARC [0941748]; Ecosystem Informatics IGERT (NSF) [0333257]; NSF [IIS-0546881] FX Funding for this project was provided by HJ Andrews LTER (NSF 0823380, 0218088, and 9632921), NSF grant ARC 0941748, the Ecosystem Informatics IGERT (NSF 0333257), and NSF IIS-0546881. The US Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station has funded collection of much of the data used in this project. We would also like to acknowledge the leaders of the data collection projects: Jerry Franklin for the cone production study, Sherri Johnson for the stream chemistry study, Jerry Franklin, Tom Spies, Mark Harmon, and Rob Pabst for the forest structure study. NR 53 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD SEP PY 2013 VL 4 IS 9 AR UNSP 112 DI 10.1890/ES13-00121.1 PG 22 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 257JN UT WOS:000327379700007 ER PT J AU Wang, WJ He, HS Spetich, MA Shifley, SR Thompson, FR Larsen, DR Fraser, JS Yang, J AF Wang, Wen J. He, Hong S. Spetich, Martin A. Shifley, Stephen R. Thompson, Frank R., III Larsen, David R. Fraser, Jacob S. Yang, Jian TI A large-scale forest landscape model incorporating multi-scale processes and utilizing forest inventory data SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE calibration; Central Hardwood Forests region; disturbance; forest landscape models (FLMs); forest landscape processes (FLPs); LANDIS PRO; landscape initialization; oak forests; prediction; resource competition; stand-scale processes; US Forest Service Inventory and Analysis (FIA) data ID STAND-DENSITY INDEX; CLIMATE-CHANGE; VEGETATION DYNAMICS; SPECIES COMPOSITION; SPATIALLY EXPLICIT; TEMPORAL PATTERNS; DATA ASSIMILATION; HISTORICAL RANGE; FIRE REGIMES; OAK DECLINE AB Two challenges confronting forest landscape models (FLMs) are how to simulate fine, stand-scale processes while making large-scale (i.e., >10(7) ha) simulation possible, and how to take advantage of extensive forest inventory data such as U. S. Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) data to initialize and constrain model parameters. We present the LANDIS PRO model that addresses these needs. LANDIS PRO adds density and size mechanisms of resource competition. This is achieved through incorporating number of trees and DBH by species age cohort within each raster cell. Forest change is determined by the interactions of species-, stand-, and landscape-scale processes. Species-scale processes include tree growth, establishment, and mortality. Stand-scale processes include density and size-related resource competition that regulates self-thinning and seedling establishment. Landscape-scale processes include seed dispersal, as well as natural and anthropogenic disturbances. LANDIS PRO is designed to be straightforwardly comparable with forest inventory data, and thus the extensive FIA data can be directly utilized to initialize and constrain model parameters before predicting future forest change. We initialized a large landscape (similar to 10(7) ha) from historical FIA data (1978) and the predicted forest structure and composition following 30 years of simulation were statistically calibrated against a prior time-series of sequential FIA data (1978 to 2008). The results showed that the initialized conditions realistically represented the historical forest composition and structure at 1978, and the constrained model parameters predicted reasonable outcomes at both landscape and land type scales. The subsequent evaluation of model predictions showed that the predicted forest composition and structure were comparable with old-growth oak forests; predicted forest successional trajectories were consistent with the expected successional patterns in oak-dominated forests in the study region; and the predicted stand development patterns were in agreement with the established theories of forest stand development. This study demonstrated a framework for forest landscape modeling including model initialization, calibration, and evaluation of predictions. C1 [Wang, Wen J.; He, Hong S.; Larsen, David R.; Fraser, Jacob S.] Univ Missouri, Sch Nat Resources, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. [Spetich, Martin A.] US Forest Serv, Arkansas Forestry Sci Lab, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Hot Spring, AR 71902 USA. [Shifley, Stephen R.; Thompson, Frank R., III] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. [Yang, Jian] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Appl Ecol, Shenyang 110016, Peoples R China. RP Wang, WJ (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Sch Nat Resources, 203 ABNR Bldg, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. EM heh@missouri.edu FU U.S. Forest Service Northern Research Station; U.S. Forest Service Southern Research Station; University of Missouri GIS Mission Enhancement Program FX We thank Qia Wang for coding LANDIS PRO, Bill Dijak for general technical support. RenCang Bu and Hokung Kim made contributions in the early stage of LANDIS PRO development. We also thank David Mladenoff, Eric Gustafson, Robert Scheller, and Brian Sturtevant for their review and comments, which significantly improved this manuscript. This research was funded by the U.S. Forest Service Northern Research Station and Southern Research Station, and the University of Missouri GIS Mission Enhancement Program. NR 99 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 36 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD SEP PY 2013 VL 4 IS 9 AR UNSP 106 DI 10.1890/ES13-00040.1 PG 22 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 257JN UT WOS:000327379700001 ER PT J AU Braz, MG Braz, LG Braz, JR Pierine, DT Correa, CR Ferreira, AL Carvalho, LR Yeum, KJ Salvadori, DM AF Braz, M. G. Braz, L. G. Braz, J. R. Pierine, D. T. Correa, C. R. Ferreira, A. L. Carvalho, L. R. Yeum, K. J. Salvadori, D. M. TI Comparison of oxidative stress in ASA physical status I patients scheduled for minimally invasive surgery under balanced or intravenous anesthesia SO MINERVA ANESTESIOLOGICA LA English DT Article DE Anesthetics; General surgery; Inflammation; Antioxidant agents ID ABDOMINAL-SURGERY; COMET ASSAY; DNA-DAMAGE; CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS; INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE; ISOFLURANE; PROPOFOL; LYMPHOCYTES; PLASMA; GENOTOXICITY AB Background. The effects of anesthetics on inflammation and oxidative parameters, evaluated in patients without morbidities undergoing undergoing minor surgery, remain unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the inflammatory and oxidative stress status in adult patients undergoing elective minimally invasive surgery, using different anesthetic techniques. Methods. Thirty patients classified as ASA physical status I, who were scheduled for minor surgeries (tympanoplasty or septoplasty), were randomly allocated into two groups: balanced (BAL) anesthesia maintained with isoflurane or total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) with propofol. Blood samples were drawn prior to the induction of anesthesia (baseline), 120 mm after the beginning of anesthesia and one day after surgery. The proinflammatory cytokine IL-6 was determined by flow cytometry; DNA oxidation was evaluated by the single cell gel electrophoresis assay, and plasma malondialdehyde (lipid peroxidation biomarker) and antioxidant status were determined through fluorometry. Results. Increased IL-6 was observed one day after surgery in both groups (P=0.0001). Malondialdehyde levels did not change among the time points assessed or between the groups (P>0.05). Whereas BAL anesthesia had no effect on acid nucleic and antioxidant status, TIVA decreased oxidized/alkylated purines (P=0.03) and increased antioxidant status (P=0.002) during anesthesia. The two groups did not differ significantly in DNA oxidation or antioxidant status (P>0.05). Conclusion. BAL anesthesia maintained with isoflurane and TIVA maintained with propofol are safe by virtue of not causing oxidative stress status in ASA physical status I patients undergoing minimally invasive surgeries. Moreover, even in minor surgeries, TIVA with propofol produces an antioxidant effect in patients. C1 [Braz, M. G.; Braz, L. G.; Braz, J. R.] Univ Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Fac Med Botucatu, Dept Anesthesiol, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. [Pierine, D. T.; Correa, C. R.; Salvadori, D. M.] Univ Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Fac Med Botucatu, Dept Pathol, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. [Ferreira, A. L.] Univ Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Fac Med Botucatu, Dept Internal Med, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. [Carvalho, L. R.] Univ Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Inst Biociencias Botucatu, Dept Biostat, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. [Yeum, K. J.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Yeum, K. J.] Konkuk Univ, Coll Biomed & Hlth Sci, Konkuk, South Korea. RP Braz, MG (reprint author), UNESP, Botucatu Med Sch, Dept Anesthesiol, BR-18618970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil. EM mgbraz@hotmail.com RI Carvalho, Lidia /C-2973-2013; Salvadori, Daisy/E-7744-2012 OI Carvalho, Lidia /0000-0003-0575-2263; Salvadori, Daisy/0000-0001-9323-3134 FU "Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo" / Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) [2006/59625-6, 2010/05611-0]; UNESP; FAPESP [2009/17344-9] FX This study was supported by the "Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo" / Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) grant numbers: 2006/59625-6 and 2010/05611-0. M.G.B. was UNESP and FAPESP's Post-Doctoral Fellowship (2009/17344-9). NR 32 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU EDIZIONI MINERVA MEDICA PI TURIN PA CORSO BRAMANTE 83-85 INT JOURNALS DEPT., 10126 TURIN, ITALY SN 0375-9393 EI 1827-1596 J9 MINERVA ANESTESIOL JI Minerva Anestesiol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 79 IS 9 BP 1030 EP 1038 PG 9 WC Anesthesiology; Critical Care Medicine SC Anesthesiology; General & Internal Medicine GA 256BH UT WOS:000327284200011 PM 23598734 ER PT J AU Becker, M Caldeira, FHB Carneiro, FM de Oliveira, LP Tokarnia, CH Riet-Correa, F Lee, ST Colodel, EM AF Becker, Marciel Bravin Caldeira, Flavio Henrique Carneiro, Faber Monteiro de Oliveira, Leonardo Pintar Tokarnia, Carlos Hubinger Riet-Correa, Franklin Lee, Stephen T. Colodel, Edson Moleta TI The importance of poisoning by Amorimia pubiflora (Malpighiaceae) in cattle in Mato Grosso: experimental reproduction of the poisoning in sheep and cattle SO PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA LA Portuguese DT Article DE Poisonous plants; Amorimia pubiflora; Mascagnia pubiflora; Malpighiaceae; monofluoracetate; plant poisoning; sudden death; cattle; sheep ID PALICOUREA-MARCGRAVII RUBIACEAE; SODIUM MONOFLUOROACETATE AB In the county of Colniza, Mato Grosso, the main limitation for livestock production is the occurrence of "sudden death" in cattle, which affects in some farms up to 50% of the herd. In visits to some of the farms where the problem occurred, in 2004, 2011 and 2012, the presence of Amorimia pubiflora on the pastures was associated with the occurrence of "sudden deaths" in cattle. The deaths occurred throughout the year, however more frequently at beginning of the rainy season, when A. pubiflora sprouts in the grazing areas. The poisoning was experimentally reproduced in sheep and cattle by the administration of young leaves of the plant collected during two seasons, and in sheep by the administration of mature leaves and fruits. In the sheep that died, the first clinical signs were observed between 34min and 17h34min after the administration of the plant, and the clinical course varied from 3min to 15h20min, with a final peracute phase of 3 to 21 minutes. The main clinical signs were tachycardia, engorgement of the jugular veins, muscle trembling, apathy and reluctance to move, which were more evident when the animals were moved. The peracute final phase was characterized by generalized tremors and muscle contractions mainly of limbs, head and neck, respiratory distress and abdominal respiration, sternal and quick lateral recumbence or falling to the ground with peddling movements, opisthotonus, nystagmus, nystagmus and cyanosis of the oral mucosa, followed by death. The young leaves of A. pubiflora, independent of the collection period, were more toxic and caused death of sheep and cattle after ingestion of 2g/kg and 3g/kg respectively. Mature leaves caused death at the dose of 20g/kg, and the fruits at 5g/kg. The young leaves contained 0.015% of sodium monofluoracetate which is responsible for clinical signs of the "sudden death". These findings show the importance of Amorimia pubiflora for cattle raising in Midwestern Brazil. The plant is toxic also for sheep causing a clinical picture similar to that reported in cattle poisoned by monofluoracetate-containing plants. C1 [Becker, Marciel; Bravin Caldeira, Flavio Henrique; Carneiro, Faber Monteiro; de Oliveira, Leonardo Pintar] Univ Fed Mato Grosso, Fac Agron & Med Vet, BR-78068900 Cuiaba, MT, Brazil. [Tokarnia, Carlos Hubinger] UFRRJ, Inst Zootecnia, BR-23835000 Seropedica, RJ, Brazil. [Riet-Correa, Franklin] Univ Fed Campina Grande FCC, CSTR, BR-58700000 Patos de Minas, PB, Brazil. [Lee, Stephen T.] ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, USDA, Logan, UT 84341 USA. [Colodel, Edson Moleta] Univ Fed Mato Grosso, Fac Agron & Med Vet, Dept Clin Med Vet, Cuiaba, MT, Brazil. RP Colodel, EM (reprint author), Univ Fed Mato Grosso, Fac Agron & Med Vet, Dept Clin Med Vet, Cuiaba, MT, Brazil. EM moleta@ufmt.br RI COLODEL, EDSON MOLETA/I-4798-2015 NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU REVISTA PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA PI RIO JANEIRO PA EMBRAPA-SAUDE ANIMAL, KM47 SEROPEDICA, 23851-970 RIO JANEIRO, BRAZIL SN 0100-736X EI 1678-5150 J9 PESQUI VET BRASIL JI Pesqui. Vet. Bras. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 33 IS 9 BP 1049 EP 1056 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 261HK UT WOS:000327655200001 ER PT J AU Zasada, IA Peetz, A Wade, N Navarre, RA Ingham, RE AF Zasada, Inga A. Peetz, Amy Wade, Nadine Navarre, Roy A. Ingham, Russ E. TI Host Status of Different Potato (Solanum tuberosum) Varieties and Hatching in Root Diffusates of Globodera ellingtonae SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE behavior; diffusates; Globodera; hatching; potato; resistance; tomato ID CYST-NEMATODE; MELOIDOGYNE-HAPLA; ROSTOCHIENSIS; PALLIDA; HETERODERA; MANAGEMENT; SUDANGRASS; TOLERANCE; OREGON; EGGS AB Globodera ellingtonae was detected in Oregon in 2008. In order to make decisions regarding the regulation of this nematode, knowledge of its biology is required. We determined the host status of a diversity of potato (Solanum tuberosum) varieties in soil-based experiments and identified hatching stimulants in in vitro hatching assays. 'Russet Burbank,' 'Desiree,' 'Modac,' 'Norland,' 'Umatilla,' and 'Yukon Gold' were good hosts (RF > 14) for G. ellingtonae. Potato varieties 'Maris Piper,' 'Atlantic,' and 'Satina,' all which contain the Ro1 gene that confers resistance to G. rostochiensis, were not hosts for G. ellingtonae. In in vitro hatching assays, G. ellingtonae hatched readily in the presence of diffusates from potato (PRD) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum; TRD). Egg hatch occurred in an average of between 87% and 90% of exposed cysts, with an average of between 144 and 164 juveniles emerging per cyst, from PRD- and TRD-treated cysts, respectively. This nematode hatched rapidly in the presence of PRD and TRD, with at least 66% of total hatch occurring by day 3 of exposure. There was no dose-response of egg hatch to concentrations of PRD or TRD ranging from 1: 5 to 1: 100 diffusate to water. When G. ellingtonae was exposed to root diffusates from 21 different plants, hatch occurred in 0% to 70% of exposed cysts, with an average of between 0 to 27 juveniles emerging per cyst. When root diffusate-exposed cysts were subsequently transferred to PRD to test viability, root diffusates from arugula (Eruca sativa), sudangrass (Sorghum bicolor subsp. drummondii), and common vetch (Vicia sativa) continued to inhibit egg hatch compared with the other root diffusates or water in which hatch occurred readily (60 to 182 juveniles emerging per cyst). Previously known hatching stimulants of G. rostochiensis and G. pallida, sodium metavanadate, sodium orthovanadate, and sodium thiocyanate, stimulated some egg hatch. Although, Globodera ellingtonae hatched readily in PRD and TRD and reproduced on potato, the pathogenicity of this nematode on potato remains to be determined. C1 [Zasada, Inga A.; Peetz, Amy] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Wade, Nadine; Ingham, Russ E.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Navarre, Roy A.] USDA ARS, Vegetable & Forage Crops Res Lab, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. RP Zasada, IA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, 3420 NW Orchard Ave, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM inga.zasada@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 13 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 45 IS 3 BP 195 EP 201 PG 7 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 251AE UT WOS:000326897800003 PM 24115784 ER PT J AU King, BA Taberna, JP AF King, Bradley A. Taberna, John P., Jr. TI Site-Specific Management of Meloidogyne chitwoodi in Idaho Potatoes Using 1,3-Dichloropropene; Approach, Experiences, and Economics SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Columbia root-knot nematode; 1,3-dichloropropene; management; Meloidogyne chitwoodi; oxamyl; potato; site-specific precision agriculture; spatial distribution; technique ID SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; NEMATODE; SOIL; DISTRIBUTIONS; NEMATICIDES; FIELD AB Fumigation for nematode management in irrigated potato production systems of Idaho is widely practiced. Soil injection is the only labeled application method for 1,3-dichloropropene that is conventionally applied on a whole-field basis. Plant-parasitic nematode species exhibit spatially variable population densities that provide an opportunity to practice site-specific fumigation to reduce chemical usage and production costs. During 2002 to 2008, 62 fields intended for commercial potato production in eastern Idaho were sampled using a geo-referenced grid sampling system for plant-parasitic nematode population densities. In total, 4,030 grid samples were collected representing nearly 3,200 ha of commercial potato production. Collectively, 73% of the grid samples had Columbia root knot (CRN) (Meloidogyne chitwoodi) population densities below detectable levels. Site-specific fumigation is the practice of varying application rate of a fumigant based on nematode population density. In 2007, 640 ha of potato production were site-specific fumigated for CRN nematode control in eastern Idaho. On average, this practice resulted in a 30% reduction in chemical usage and production cost savings of $209/ha when 1,3-dichloropropene was used as the sole source of nematode suppression. Reductions in usage of 1,3-dichloropropene can exceed 50% if used in combination with a nonfumigant nematicide such as oxamyl. This combination approach can have production cost savings exceeding $200/ha. Based on farm-gate receipts and USDA inspections provided by potato producers from 2001 to 2011, potato tuber yield and quality have not been adversely affected using site-specific fumigation. C1 [King, Bradley A.] ARS, USDA, Northwest Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. [Taberna, John P., Jr.] Western Ag Res, Blackfoot, ID 83221 USA. RP King, BA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Northwest Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. EM brad.king@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-NRCS Conservation Innovation Grant [68-0211-7-140]; Center for Agriculture in the Environment American Farmland and Trust agreement [R10-2008-04] FX This research was partially supported by USDA-NRCS Conservation Innovation Grant No. 68-0211-7-140 and Center for Agriculture in the Environment American Farmland and Trust agreement No. R10-2008-04. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of granting agencies. Mention of trade name, proprietary product, or specific equipment does not constitute a guarantee or warranty by the authors or their institutions and does not imply approval of product to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. The authors wish to thank Dr. Russell E. Ingham, Oregon State University, and Dr. John D. Meuller, Clemson University, for their time and thoughtful constructive comments in review of this manuscript. NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 8 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 45 IS 3 BP 202 EP 213 PG 12 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 251AE UT WOS:000326897800004 PM 24115785 ER PT J AU Bushkin, GG Motari, E Carpentieri, A Dubey, JP Costello, CE Robbins, PW Samuelson, J AF Bushkin, G. Guy Motari, Edwin Carpentieri, Andrea Dubey, Jitender P. Costello, Catherine E. Robbins, Phillips W. Samuelson, John TI Evidence for a Structural Role for Acid-Fast Lipids in Oocyst Walls of Cryptosporidium, Toxoplasma, and Eimeria SO MBIO LA English DT Article ID MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; APICOMPLEXAN PARASITE; POLYKETIDE SYNTHASE; BIOSYNTHESIS; GONDII; PARVUM; SPOROZOITES; SPECIMENS; MAXIMA AB Coccidia are protozoan parasites that cause significant human disease and are of major agricultural importance. Cryptosporidium spp. cause diarrhea in humans and animals, while Toxoplasma causes disseminated infections in fetuses and untreated AIDS patients. Eimeria is a major pathogen of commercial chickens. Oocysts, which are the infectious form of Cryptosporidium and Eimeria and one of two infectious forms of Toxoplasma (the other is tissue cysts in undercooked meat), have a multilayered wall. Recently we showed that the inner layer of the oocyst walls of Toxoplasma and Eimeria is a porous scaffold of fibers of beta-1,3-glucan, which are also present in fungal walls but are absent from Cryptosporidium oocyst walls. Here we present evidence for a structural role for lipids in the oocyst walls of Cryptosporidium, Toxoplasma, and Eimeria. Briefly, oocyst walls of each organism label with acid-fast stains that bind to lipids in the walls of mycobacteria. Polyketide synthases similar to those that make mycobacterial wall lipids are abundant in oocysts of Toxoplasma and Eimeria and are predicted in Cryptosporidium. The outer layer of oocyst wall of Eimeria and the entire oocyst wall of Cryptosporidium are dissolved by organic solvents. Oocyst wall lipids are complex mixtures of triglycerides, some of which contain polyhydroxy fatty acyl chains like those present in plant cutin or elongated fatty acyl chains like mycolic acids. We propose a two-layered model of the oocyst wall (glucan and acid-fast lipids) that resembles the two-layered walls of mycobacteria (peptidoglycan and acid-fast lipids) and plants (cellulose and cutin). IMPORTANCE Oocysts, which are essential for the fecal-oral spread of coccidia, have a wall that is thought responsible for their survival in the environment and for their transit through the stomach and small intestine. While oocyst walls of Toxoplasma and Eimeria are strengthened by a porous scaffold of fibrils of beta-1,3-glucan and by proteins cross-linked by dityrosines, both are absent from walls of Cryptosporidium. We show here that all oocyst walls are acid fast, have a rigid bilayer, dissolve in organic solvents, and contain a complex set of triglycerides rich in polyhydroxy and long fatty acyl chains that might be synthesized by an abundant polyketide synthase. These results suggest the possibility that coccidia build a waxy coat of acid-fast lipids in the oocyst wall that makes them resistant to environmental stress. C1 [Bushkin, G. Guy; Motari, Edwin; Carpentieri, Andrea; Robbins, Phillips W.; Samuelson, John] Boston Univ, Goldman Sch Dent Med, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Bushkin, G. Guy; Samuelson, John] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Dubey, Jitender P.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Costello, Catherine E.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Mass Spectrometry Resource, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Costello, Catherine E.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Samuelson, J (reprint author), Boston Univ, Goldman Sch Dent Med, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM jsamuels@bu.edu OI Costello, Catherine/0000-0003-1594-5122; Samuelson, John/0000-0001-9533-3040; Carpentieri, Andrea/0000-0002-1944-5355 FU National Institutes of Health (NIH) [AI48082, AI07642 [T32], RR010888, GM104603, RR015942, GM31318]; Mizutani Foundation for Glycoscience FX This work was supported in part by grants from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) (AI48082 to J.S., AI07642 [T32] to G.G.B., RR010888, GM104603, and RR015942 to C.E.C., and GM31318 to P.W.R.). Additional support came from the Mizutani Foundation for Glycoscience. NR 33 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 19 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 2150-7511 J9 MBIO JI mBio PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 4 IS 5 AR e00387-13 DI 10.1128/mBio.00387-13 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 250UQ UT WOS:000326881800005 PM 24003177 ER PT J AU Nunneley, JL Faulkner, WB Shimek, MV Holt, GA Wedegaertner, TC AF Nunneley, J. L. Faulkner, W. B. Shimek, M. V. Holt, G. A. Wedegaertner, T. C. TI DEVELOPMENT OF A COTTONSEED DEHULLING PROCESS TO YIELD INTACT SEED MEATS SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Cottonseed; Dehulling; Kernel; Milling AB With recent genetic advances in development of gossypol-free cotton varieties, there is interest in retrieving undamaged, dehulled cottonseed kernels for consumption. The objective of the described work was to develop a process for dehulling fuzzy cottonseed to render a high percentage of undamaged seed meats. A series of processing machines were optimized, and multiple processes were tested to identify the suite of processes that provided the highest yields. The final process includes steam conditioning, cracking, and dehulling using roller mills, and finally separating kernels from hull material using a roller separator and air aspirator The reintroduction of un-dehulled seed to the roller mills for a second pass significantly increased the final yield of undamaged seed meats. Lab scale tests show that yields of 65% to 70% can be obtained using this process, representing a significant increase over conventional dehulling. C1 [Nunneley, J. L.; Faulkner, W. B.; Shimek, M. V.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, College Stn, TX USA. [Holt, G. A.] ARS, Cotton Prod & Proc Res Unit, USDA, Lubbock, TX USA. [Wedegaertner, T. C.] Cotton Inc, Cottonseed Res & Mkt, Cary, NC USA. RP Faulkner, WB (reprint author), 201 Scoates Hall,2117 TAMU, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM faulkner@tamu.edu FU Cotton Incorporated FX The authors express thanks to Cotton Incorporated for their support as the project sponsor. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 EI 1943-7838 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 29 IS 5 BP 613 EP 619 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 244YD UT WOS:000326425200002 ER PT J AU Byler, RK Delhom, CD AF Byler, R. K. Delhom, C. D. TI EVALUATION OF FIBER AND YARN QUALITY WITH AND WITHOUT SEED COTTON CLEANER MATERIAL PRODUCED IN A COMMERCIAL COTTON GIN SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Cotton; Gin; Byproduct; Fiber; Yarn; Quality AB The main product of cotton gins is the bale of ginned lint, however valuable fiber exists in several additional streams coming from the gin. In recent years some gins have installed equipment to reclaim the fiber in the material removed by the seed cotton cleaners. Data and samples were collected at one commercial gin which had installed such equipment. Three cultivars were used in the data collection. These data showed that about 8.6 kg (19.0 lb) of material was reclaimed from the seed cotton cleaners per bale and most of the cleaned material was loose lint and motes with little seed cotton. The overall reclaimed fibrous material was of lower quality than the lint obtained from the seed cotton but included a considerable amount of valuable fiber When the reclaimed material from the seed cotton cleaning was returned to the seed cotton before ginning, less than 2% of the fiber came from reclaimed material, so possible differences due to the reclaimed material would be difficult to detect. Some quality differences due to cultivar were detected, but no differences were detected by RH or AFIS in bale lint quality, in the amount of card waste, or in measurements of yarn quality made from the cotton depending on whether this reclaimed material was mixed with the seed cotton before being ginned or not. Despite the fact that no differences were seen in the lint or yarn quality related to the inclusion of the reclaimed material, the inclusion of this material in cotton bales is not recommended until additional data with additional gin equipment installations and cotton cultivars has been collected and analyzed. C1 [Byler, R. K.] ARS, USDA, Cotton Ginning Res Unit, Stoneville, MS USA. [Delhom, C. D.] ARS, USDA, Cotton Struct & Qual Res Unit, New Orleans, LA USA. RP Byler, RK (reprint author), 111 Expt Stn Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM rick.byler@ars.usda.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 EI 1943-7838 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 29 IS 5 BP 621 EP 625 PG 5 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 244YD UT WOS:000326425200003 ER PT J AU Hardin, RG Byler, RK AF Hardin, R. G. Byler, R. K. TI EVALUATION OF SEED COTTON CLEANING EQUIPMENT PERFORMANCE AT VARIOUS PROCESSING RATES SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Cleaning; Cylinder cleaner; Ginning; Processing rate; Seed cotton; Stick machine ID GIN AB The processing rate per unit width of seed cotton cleaning equipment cylinder cleaners and stick machines recommended by manufacturers is 4.9 to 8.2 bales h(-1) m(-1) (1.5 to 2.5 bales h(-1) ft(-1)). Survey data has indicated that many gins exceed this processing rate. Little research has been conducted with picker-harvested cotton, and higher rates that have been achieved in commercial gins have not been tested. Two independent experiments were performed to evaluate the effects of processing rates significantly higher than recommended on the performance of the cylinder cleaners and stick machine. Seed cotton was processed through a typical sequence of gin machinery: cylinder cleaner, stick machine, cylinder cleaner, extractor-feeder, gin stand, and lint cleaner The quantity of material removed by each cleaner was measured and the fiber content of the waste was determined Foreign matter content of the seed cotton and ginned lint and fiber quality parameters were also measured The first study tested four cultivars of cotton harvested in 2008. The second experiment tested two cultivars harvested in 2009 at two seed cotton moisture levels. Lower processing rates increased the amount of material removed by the first stage cylinder cleaner and stick machine. Five of six cultivars tested had low fiber loss from the seed cotton cleaning system, while the other cultivar had an average fiber loss of 3.37 kg bale(-1) (7.43 lb bale). Processing rate did not have a statistically significant effect on fiber loss; although a trend of increasing fiber loss from the stick machine at higher rates was observed for the cultivar with higher fiber loss. No effect on fiber quality due to processing rate was observed More research is needed to determine the economic impact of higher than recommended processing rates, as extractor-feeders and lint cleaners may compensate for poorer cleaning, but were not tested at rates typically used in commercial gins. C1 [Hardin, R. G.; Byler, R. K.] USDA ARS, Cotton Ginning Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Hardin, RG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Cotton Ginning Res Unit, 111 Expt Stn Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM bobby.hardin@ars.usda.gov NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 EI 1943-7838 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 29 IS 5 BP 637 EP 647 PG 11 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 244YD UT WOS:000326425200005 ER PT J AU Casanova, JJ Schwartz, RC Evett, SR Anderson, SK AF Casanova, J. J. Schwartz, R. C. Evett, S. R. Anderson, S. K. TI DIRECTLY COUPLED VS. CONVENTIONAL TIME DOMAIN REFLECTOMETRY IN SOILS SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Sensors; Soil water; Digital; TDR; Electromagnetics ID ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY MEASUREMENT; WATER-CONTENT; CALIBRATION; DESIGN AB Time domain reflectometry (TDR), a technique for estimation of soil water content, measures the travel time of an electromagnetic pulse on electrodes embedded in the soil, but has limited application in commercial agriculture due to costs, labor, and sensing depth. Conventional TDR systems have employed signal generators, coaxial cable and multiplexers for supplying the pulse and measuring the reflected waveform. This article examines a novel design that uses a digital circuit for directly supplying the step pulse and measuring the reflected waveform, without intervening coaxial cables and multiplexers. The circuit digitally triggers a step pulse and digitally reads the reflected waveform. Cabled and direct digital TDR circuits using pulse rise times of 200 and 150 picoseconds, respectively, were tested in sand, clay loam, and a range of electrolytic solutions in identical cylindrical access-tube geometries. Overall, both systems were capable of producing high-quality waveforms; both were equally sensitive to bulk electrical conductivity, with probe constants of similar to 6.35 m(-1) for both systems; and both exhibited quadratic responses of travel time to water content in clay loam and sand, with greater travel times by similar to 0.5 to similar to 1.0 ns using the digital circuits, due in part to the faster rise time's effect on waveform interpretation. This work demonstrates the feasibility of using a small, digital TDR system to replace the cumbersome cabled TDR systems currently in use. C1 [Casanova, J. J.; Schwartz, R. C.; Evett, S. R.] USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. [Anderson, S. K.] Acclima Inc, Meridian, ID USA. RP Casanova, JJ (reprint author), PO Drawer 10, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. EM joaquin.casanova@ars.usda.gov FU Ogallala Aquifer Program; a consortium between USDA-Agricultural Research Service; Kansas State University; Texas AgriLife Research; Texas AgriLife Extension Service; Texas Tech University; West Texas AM University FX This research was supported by the Ogallala Aquifer Program, a consortium between USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Kansas State University, Texas AgriLife Research, Texas AgriLife Extension Service, Texas Tech University, and West Texas A&M University. NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 EI 1943-7838 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 29 IS 5 BP 771 EP 777 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 244YD UT WOS:000326425200018 ER PT J AU So, CL Myszewski, JH Elder, T Groom, LH AF So, Chi-Leung Myszewski, Jennifer H. Elder, Thomas Groom, Leslie H. TI Rapid analysis of the microfibril angle of loblolly pine from two test sites using near-infrared analysis SO FORESTRY CHRONICLE LA English DT Article DE near infrared spectroscopy; multivariate analysis; microfibril angle; loblolly pine; Pinus taeda L. ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; NONDESTRUCTIVE ESTIMATION; TREE HEIGHT; WOOD; SPECTROSCOPY; SPECTRA; JUVENILITY; PREDICTION; STIFFNESS; LATEWOOD AB There have been several recent studies employing near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy for the rapid determination of microfibril angle (MFA). However, only a few have utilized samples cut from individual rings of increment cores, and none have been as large as this present study, sampling over 600 trees from two test sites producing over 3000 individual ring samples for MFA analysis. This has allowed the use of individual growth ring models rather than using those based on earlywood, latewood, corewood or outerwood. It was observed that for both test sites, the strongest models were from the "All", earlywood and latewood sample sets. The individual growth ring calibration models provided poorer RPD values despite using over 200 samples in the analyses. In general, the results from the test samples largely mirrored those from the corresponding calibration samples. Corresponding test sample predictions from the opposing site were noticeably poorer than test samples from the same site. Thus, a greater variation in the number of sites would provide improved model robustness. This study has found that the models based on individual ring samples were not as strong as those obtained in other studies based on the radial-longitudinal face of wood strips, spread over several growth rings. C1 [So, Chi-Leung] Louisiana State Univ, AgCtr, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Myszewski, Jennifer H.] US Forest Serv, Southern Inst Forest Genet, USDA, Saucier, MS USA. [Elder, Thomas; Groom, Leslie H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pineville, LA USA. RP So, CL (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, AgCtr, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM cso@agcenter.lsu.edu NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU CANADIAN INST FORESTRY PI MATTAWA PA C/O CANADIAN ECOLOGY CENTRE, PO BOX 430, 6905 HWY 17 W, MATTAWA, ONTARIO P0H 1V0, CANADA SN 0015-7546 EI 1499-9315 J9 FOREST CHRON JI For. Chron. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 89 IS 5 BP 639 EP 645 DI 10.5558/tfc2013-115 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 248WI UT WOS:000326735900021 ER PT J AU Bryant, RJ Jackson, AK Yeater, KM Yan, WG McClung, AM Fjellstrom, RG AF Bryant, Rolfe J. Jackson, Aaron K. Yeater, Kathleen M. Yan, Wengui G. McClung, Anna M. Fjellstrom, Robert G. TI Genetic Variation and Association Mapping of Protein Concentration in Brown Rice Using a Diverse Rice Germplasm Collection SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L.; ORYZA-SATIVA L.; PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES; TRANSGENIC RICE; CORE COLLECTION; COMPLEX TRAITS; CULTIVARS; QUALITY; IDENTIFICATION AB Protein is the second most abundant constituent in the rice grain next to starch. Association analysis for protein concentration in brown rice was performed using a "mini-core" collection, which represents the germplasm diversity found in the USDA rice world collection. Protein concentration was determined in replicated trials conducted in two southern U. S. locations, and association mapping was performed by using 157 genomewide DNA markers. Protein concentration ranged from 5.4 to 11.9% among the 202 accessions. Protein variation owing to accession and accession x location interaction were highly significant. Ample variation was seen within each subpopulation by ancestry, as well as within the 14 geographic regions where the accessions originated. Accessions from Eastern Europe had the highest level of protein. Ten markers on eight chromosomes were significantly associated with protein concentration. Five of these markers occurred near known protein precursor genes or quantitative trait loci, and the other five markers were novel for the association with protein concentration in rice. The germplasm and genetic markers identified in this study will assist breeders in developing cultivars tailored for applications requiring specific protein concentration in the rice grain. The research results contribute to the potential discovery of novel rice storage protein pathways in the endosperm. C1 [Bryant, Rolfe J.; Jackson, Aaron K.; Yan, Wengui G.; McClung, Anna M.; Fjellstrom, Robert G.] USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Yeater, Kathleen M.] USDA ARS, Southern Plains Area, College Stn, TX 77840 USA. RP Fjellstrom, RG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, 2890 Hwy 130 E, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. EM bob.fjellstrom@ars.usda.gov NR 54 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 8 PU AACC INTERNATIONAL PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 EI 1943-3638 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 90 IS 5 BP 445 EP 452 DI 10.1094/CCHEM-09-12-0122-R PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 244RB UT WOS:000326406000004 ER PT J AU Olsen, RT AF Olsen, Richard T. TI Asian Germplasm in American Horticulture: New Thoughts on an Old Theme SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cultivated flora; disjuncts; invasive species; national access; ornamentals; plant exploration ID ORNAMENTAL PLANT RESOURCES; EASTERN NORTH-AMERICA; VASCULAR PLANTS; UNITED-STATES; CHINA; EVOLUTION; DISJUNCT; GENERA; US; HEMISPHERE AB North American horticulture cultivates an astonishing diversity of ornamental species, from nearly every floristic region, but its landscapes are dominated by temperate species drawn from eastern Asia. The East Asiatic floristic region is one of the most diverse in the world with a high level of endemism across taxonomic ranks and ancient relicts of a once widespread flora. From this, a large number of ornamental genera and species have been introduced, from either a long history of cultivation in Asia or directly from the wild, where they have since become fixtures in European and American gardens. The success of Asian germplasm in American horticulture is attributable, in part, to a shared evolutionary history, climate matching, and pre-adaptability. Continuing access to these genetic resources is now governed by national legislation and influenced by an evolving international regime of access and benefit-sharing influenced by the Convention on Biological Diversity. Furthermore, updated plant quarantine regulations have added additional requirements for the importation of foreign plant genetic resources. The newly created category within the USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) Q37 regulations known as "not authorized pending pest risk analysis" (NAPPRA) restricts the import of plants for planting that may harbor pests or become pests that are not already established within the United States. To this end, scientists involved in the collection or use of Asian plant genetic resources are affected by recent changes in international and national laws, regulations, and access and benefit-sharing regimes. C1 ARS, USDA, US Natl Arboretum, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Olsen, RT (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Natl Arboretum, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Richard.Olsen@ars.usda.gov NR 59 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 7 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD SEP PY 2013 VL 48 IS 9 BP 1073 EP 1077 PG 5 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 243GU UT WOS:000326305700002 ER PT J AU McCreight, JD Staub, JE Wehner, TC Dhillon, NPS AF McCreight, James D. Staub, Jack E. Wehner, Todd C. Dhillon, Narinder P. S. TI Gone Global: Familiar and Exotic Cucurbits Have Asian Origins SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Citrullus lanatus; Cucumis hystrix; Cucumis melo; Cucumis sativus; germplasm; grafting; host plant resistance; Momordica charantia ID CUCUMIS-MELO L.; GUMMY STEM BLIGHT; WATERMELON GERMPLASM COLLECTION; AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA; MUSKMELON BREEDING LINES; US PROCESSING CUCUMBER; MOMORDICA-CHARANTIA L; POWDERY MILDEW; GENETIC DIVERSITY; SATIVUS L. C1 [McCreight, James D.] ARS, USDA, US Agr Res Stn, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. [Staub, Jack E.] Utah State Univ, ARS, USDA, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Wehner, Todd C.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Dhillon, Narinder P. S.] AVRDC World Vegetable Ctr, Bangkok 10903, Thailand. RP McCreight, JD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Agr Res Stn, 1636 E Alisal St, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. EM jim.mccreight@ars.usda.gov NR 155 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD SEP PY 2013 VL 48 IS 9 BP 1078 EP 1089 PG 12 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 243GU UT WOS:000326305700003 ER PT J AU Hummer, KE Ballington, JR Finn, CE Davis, TM AF Hummer, Kim E. Ballington, James R. Finn, Chad E. Davis, Thomas M. TI Asian Germplasm Influences on American Berry Crops SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE adh gene; Fragaria; genomics; Lonicera; Rubus; Vaccinium ID LONICERA-CAERULEA L.; ACTINIDIA-ARGUTA; BREEDING PROGRAMS; FRAGARIA; KIWIFRUIT; ANCESTRY; GENOME AB Asian germplasm has significantly contributed to berry crops in America in several ways. The American wild octoploid species [Fragaria chiloensis (L.) Mill. and F. virginiana Mill.], and subsequently, the cultivated strawberry (F. x ananassa Duch. ex Rozier), have benefitted from Asian heritage in the evolutionary time scale. Second, breeders have combined Asian germplasm in crosses for improved fruit cultivars. Third, Asian temperate fruit species have been collected from wild stands in their native ranges, imported, and in some cases improved and are now cultivated in the West or throughout the world. The objectives of this article were to 1) describe evolutionary contributions of Asian species to the American strawberry genome; 2) present examples of breeding Asian species (Rubus L. subgenus Idaeobatus) into cultivated raspberries; and 3) give examples of two Asian fruit species that have been recently introduced and cultivated or that could be developed for cultivation in the United States. C1 [Hummer, Kim E.] ARS, USDA, NCGR, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Ballington, James R.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Finn, Chad E.] ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Davis, Thomas M.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Biol Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Hummer, KE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, NCGR, 33447 Peoria Rd, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM Kim.Hummer@ars.usda.gov NR 49 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD SEP PY 2013 VL 48 IS 9 BP 1090 EP 1094 PG 5 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 243GU UT WOS:000326305700004 ER PT J AU Davis, AR Webber, CL Liu, WG Perkins-Veazie, P Levi, A King, S AF Davis, Angela R. Webber, Charles L., III Liu, Wenge Perkins-Veazie, Penelope Levi, Amnon King, Stephen TI Watermelon Quality Traits as Affected by Ploidy SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Citrullus lanatus; total soluble solids; BRIX; L-citrulline; lycopene; glutathione; GSH ID CITRULLUS-VULGARIS WATERMELON; CHRONIC-FATIGUE-SYNDROME; LYCOPENE CONTENT; PROSTATE-CANCER; SMALL-INTESTINE; GLUTATHIONE; CULTIVARS; ANTIOXIDANT; RISK; CONSUMPTION AB High-quality, high-phytonutrient watermelons [Citrullus lanatus (Thumb.), Matsum & Nakai] have strong market opportunities. To produce highly nutritious fruit in a seedless triploid market, the nature of phytonutrient accumulation as affected by ploidy must be understood. The present study performed on six field-grown watermelon diploid (2n) inbred lines, their induced autotetraploids (4n), and autotriploids (3n) determined the importance of ploidy on quality and nutritional content. Lycopene, total soluble solids (TSS), L-citrulline (hereafter referred to as citrulline), glutathione (GSH), weight, width, and length were measured in ripe fruit from one location. Our findings contradict some previous manuscripts, which did not use diploid inbred lines and their induced autoploidy relatives. Of the traits we analyzed that did not have a family-by-ploidy interaction (citrulline, GSH, weight, and width), we determined citrulline levels were not significantly affected by ploidy in five of six families nor was there a significant correlation when all family's citrulline values were averaged. Previous studies on field-grown fruit that did not use autoploidy lines suggested triploid fruit had more citrulline than diploid fruit. GSH was higher in autotriploid than in diploid or autotetraploid (95.0 vs. 66.9 or 66.7 mu g.g(-1) GSH, respectively). Additionally, we found an association with higher GSH in larger fruit. Autotriploid fruit were, in general, heavier and wider than diploid and autotetraploid fruit, and autotetraploid fruit were generally smaller than diploid fruit. Of the traits we analyzed that had a family by ploidy interaction (lycopene, TSS, and length), we determined within four families, ploidy affected lycopene concentration, but whether this interaction is positive or negative was family-dependent. These data suggest the triploid state alone does not give fruit higher lycopene concentrations. The mean TSS was higher in autotetraploid than in autotriploid, which was again higher than in diploid fruit averaged across families (10.5%, 10.2%, and 9.5% TSS, respectively); there was a family x ploidy interaction so the significance of this increase is affected by the triploid's parents. Lycopene and TSS had a slight positive correlation. Four of six families showed no statistical correlation between ploidy and length, and although mean length across family demonstrated smaller tetraploid fruit, the family-by-ploidy interaction demonstrates that this observation is family-dependent. Length and width correlate well with weight when combining data for all ploidy levels and when analyzing each ploidy separately. Length correlates more closely with width in autotriploid fruit than in diploid or autotetraploid fruit. C1 [Davis, Angela R.] Wes Watkins Agr Res Lab, Lane, OK 74555 USA. [Webber, Charles L., III] Sugarcane Res Unit, Houma, LA 70360 USA. [Liu, Wenge] CAAS, Zhengzhou Fruit Res Inst, Zhengzhou 450009, Henan, Peoples R China. [Perkins-Veazie, Penelope] N Carolina State Univ, Plants Human Hlth Inst, Kannapolis, NC 28083 USA. [Levi, Amnon] USDA ARS, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [King, Stephen] Millican Farms LLC, Millican, TX 77866 USA. RP Davis, AR (reprint author), Harris Moran Seed Co, 9241 Mace Blvd, Davis, CA 95618 USA. EM angela.davis@HMClause.com NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD SEP PY 2013 VL 48 IS 9 BP 1113 EP 1118 PG 6 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 243GU UT WOS:000326305700009 ER PT J AU Harkins, RH Strik, BC Bryla, DR AF Harkins, Renee H. Strik, Bernadine C. Bryla, David R. TI Weed Management Practices for Organic Production of Trailing Blackberry: I. Plant Growth and Early Fruit Production SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE drip irrigation; fruit quality; landscape fabric; leaf water potential; Rubus; weed mat; yield ID HIGHBUSH BLUEBERRY; YIELD COMPONENTS; GROUND COVERS; SOIL-WATER; COMPETITION; RASPBERRY; FERTILIZATION; PRIMOCANES; NUTRITION; MULCHES AB Weed management practices were evaluated in a new field of trailing blackberry (Rubus L. subgenus Rubus Watson) established in western Oregon. The field was planted in May 2010 and certified organic in May 2012. Treatments included two cultivars, Marion and Black Diamond, grown in 1) non-weeded plots, where weeds were cut to the ground just before harvest; 2) hand-weeded plots, hoed two to three times per year; and 3) weed mat plots, covered with black landscape fabric. Each treatment was fertilized with fish emulsion and irrigated by drip. Weeds increased from 2010 through 2012 in both non-weeded and hand-weeded plots and required 38 and 90 h.ha(-1) of labor to remove the weeds in the latter treatment in 2011 and 2012, respectively. Weeds in weed mat plots, in comparison, were confined primarily to the planting holes in the fabric and required only 1 h.ha(-1) of labor for weed removal each year. Blackberry growth, in terms of number and dry weight of the primocanes, was similar among treatments during the first year after planting but differed with cultivar and weed management the next season. In 2011, 'Black Diamond' produced shorter but an average of three more primocanes per plant than 'Marion', whereas plants in hand-weeded and weed mat plots produced nearly twice as many primocanes as non-weeded plots. Hence, when fruit were produced on floricanes (the previous year's primocanes) for the first time in 2012, 'Black Diamond' had 15% more yield than 'Marion', and weed control increased yield by 67% with hand-weeding and 100% with weed mat, on average. 'Black Diamond' and weed control also produced larger berries (measured as average individual fruit weight) with a greater water content but a lower soluble solids concentration. So far, of the three practices studied, weed mat was best suited to organic production of blackberries. The initial cost of the weed mat was far less than the cost of hand-weeding during the first 3 years after planting, and after only one season of fruit production, the yield benefit of weed mat provided enough profit to warrant its use over no weeding or hand-weeding. C1 [Harkins, Renee H.; Strik, Bernadine C.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Bryla, David R.] ARS, USDA, Hort Crop Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Strik, BC (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, 4017 ALS, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM strikb@hort.oregonstate.edu FU USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [OREI 2010-01940, ORE00409]; Northwest Center for Small Fruits Research FX We thank Gil Buller, Emily Vollmer, and Amber Shireman for technical assistance and acknowledge financial support from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (Formula Grant no. OREI 2010-01940; ORE00409), the Northwest Center for Small Fruits Research, and our industry contributors. NR 40 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD SEP PY 2013 VL 48 IS 9 BP 1139 EP 1144 PG 6 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 243GU UT WOS:000326305700014 ER PT J AU Wood, BW AF Wood, Bruce W. TI Iron-induced Nickel Deficiency in Pecan SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE antagonism; chelates; deficiency; homeostasis; micronutrient; nutrition; piconutrient; physiology; production; symptoms; toxicity ID UREASE EC 3.5.1.5; MOUSE-EAR; PLANTS; MICRONUTRIENTS; ABSORPTION; SEEDLINGS; SYMPTOMS; TOXICITY; ALYSSUM; METALS AB Economic loss resulting from nickel (Ni) deficiency can occur in horticultural and agronomic crops. This study assesses whether excessive iron (Fe) can induce Ni deficiency. Both chelated Fe and diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DPTA; a commonly used Fe-chelant) induces Ni deficiency in pecan [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch]. Foliar sprays of Fe [Fe-DPTA (1.1995 g.L-1)] during early post-budbreak shoot growth can trigger, or increase in severity, Ni deficiency symptoms in the emerging pecan canopy. Deficiency is also inducible in greenhouse-grown 'Desirable' seedlings at budbreak by Fe-DPTA application to soil and to a much lesser extent by DPTA alone. Endogenous Fe, just after budbreak, triggers Ni deficiency-associated distortions in pecan seedling leaf growth and morphology when the Fe:Ni is approximate to 150 or greater with subsequent severity being proportional to the Fe:Ni ratio and Fe:Ni approximate to 1200 or greater triggering extreme dwarfing of canopy organs. Timely treatment of symptomatic organs with foliar-applied Ni-sulfate restores normal growth, whereas foliar treatment with salts of other transition metals (titanium, vanadium, chromium, cobalt, copper, zinc, and molybdenum) of possible metabolic significance is ineffective. Results indicate that excessive endogenous Fe, and DPTA to a lesser extent, in organs and tissues during early post-budbreak growth can trigger Ni deficiency. A similar Fe on Ni antagonism may also occur with the Ni-associated nutritional physiology of other crops; thus, excessive exposure to chelated Fe not only triggers Ni deficiency in pecan, but may also occur in other horticultural and agronomic crops. C1 ARS, USDA, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. RP Wood, BW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, 21 Dunbar Rd, Byron, GA 31008 USA. EM Bruce.Wood@ars.usda.gov NR 53 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD SEP PY 2013 VL 48 IS 9 BP 1145 EP 1153 PG 9 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 243GU UT WOS:000326305700015 ER PT J AU Finn, CE Strik, BC Yorgey, BM Martin, RR AF Finn, Chad E. Strik, Bernadine C. Yorgey, Brian M. Martin, Robert R. TI 'Vintage' Red Raspberry SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material DE fruit breeding; Rubus idaeus; primocane-fruiting; annual bearing C1 [Finn, Chad E.; Martin, Robert R.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Strik, Bernadine C.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Yorgey, Brian M.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Finn, CE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Unit, 3420 NW Orchard Ave, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM Chad.Finn@ARS.USDA.GOV NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD SEP PY 2013 VL 48 IS 9 BP 1181 EP 1183 PG 3 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 243GU UT WOS:000326305700020 ER PT J AU Finn, CE Moore, PP Yorgey, BM Lee, J Strik, BC Kempler, C Martin, RR AF Finn, Chad E. Moore, Patrick P. Yorgey, Brian M. Lee, Jungmin Strik, Bernadine C. Kempler, Chaim Martin, Robert R. TI 'Charm' Strawberry SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material DE Fragaria X ananassa; fruit breeding; short-day; June-bearing; processing C1 [Finn, Chad E.; Martin, Robert R.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Moore, Patrick P.] Washington State Univ, Dept Hort & Landscape Architecture, Puyallup, WA 98371 USA. [Yorgey, Brian M.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Lee, Jungmin] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Unit Worksite, Parma, ID 83660 USA. [Strik, Bernadine C.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Kempler, Chaim] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Pacific Agri Food Res Ctr, Agassiz, BC V0M 1A0, Canada. RP Finn, CE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Unit, 3420 NW Orchard Ave, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM Chad.Finn@ars.usda.gov RI Lee, Jungmin/G-6555-2013 OI Lee, Jungmin/0000-0002-8660-9444 NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD SEP PY 2013 VL 48 IS 9 BP 1184 EP 1188 PG 5 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 243GU UT WOS:000326305700021 ER PT J AU Pooler, MR AF Pooler, Margaret R. TI 'Helen Taft' and 'Abigail Adams' Flowering Cherries SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material DE ornamental plant breeding; plant introduction; Prunus campanulata Maxim.; Prunus yedoensis Matsum C1 ARS, USDA, US Natl Arboretum, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Pooler, MR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Natl Arboretum, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 010A, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Margaret.Pooler@ars.usda.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD SEP PY 2013 VL 48 IS 9 BP 1195 EP 1196 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 243GU UT WOS:000326305700024 ER PT J AU Eggleston, G Viator, R Gateuil, A Fenger, JA White, P Jackson, W Waguespack, H AF Eggleston, Gillian Viator, Ryan Gateuil, Audrey Fenger, Julie-anne White, Paul Jackson, Windell Waguespack, Herman, Jr. TI Seasonal variations of sugarcane stalk and extraneous matter on pH, color and ash as they affect the production of high quality raw sugars (Part II) SO INTERNATIONAL SUGAR JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Sugarcane; extraneous matter; seasonal quality variations; pH; color; conductivity ash ID TRASH AFFECTS PRODUCTION; GREEN CANE BILLETS; REGISTRATION; QUANTITY; SUCROSE AB There is a trend in the U.S. and world-wide to produce very high pol (VHP) and very low color (VLC) raw sugars for new refineries. This study was undertaken to ascertain the variations in juice quality parameters, known to affect VHP/VLC sugar manufacture and refining, across the LA 3-month processing season (late Sept to Dec) in 2009 and 2010. Juice was extracted from separated stalk (S), growing point region (GPR or immature apical internodes), green leaf (GL), and brown leaf (BL) tissues of three popular sugarcane varieties (HoCP 96-540, L 99-226 and L 99-233), five to six times between Sept and Dec. Except for the GPR tissue, as the sugarcane matured across the season there was a tendency for the pH of the tissue juices to became more acidic (P<.05), which is most likely detrimental to sucrose losses in late season. At some U.S. refineries, premiums for low color in sugar are paid on color measured at pH 8.5 whereas the rest of the world measures ICUMSA (International Commission for Uniform Methods in Sugar Analysis) color at pH 7.0. For both seasons, juice color at pH 8.5 accentuated varietal differences in juice color more than color at pH 7.0, and was more sensitive to GL colorants that contribute to the color of raw, VHP/VLC, and affined sugars. The highest per cent increase in color measured at pH 8.5 over color at pH 7.0 was observed for GL (ay. 94.9 +/- 0.3% std. dev.) and the lowest for BL (23.6 +/- 3.1%); the values for GPR and stalk (S) tissue were 44.8 +/- 3.2% and 64.3 +/- 17.7, respectively. In those areas of the world where color (ICU) is measured at pH 7.0, the color of raw sugar may not always indicate all the colorants delivered to the refinery in raw sugar and those which need to be removed during the refining process. Except for stalk juice, the harvest date had a strong (P<.05) affect on tissue juice color measured at pH 8.5, and sugarcane variety also (P<.05) affected the juice color. Conductivity ash was highest in all tissues at the beginning of the season, decreased in the middle of the season then increased again to the end of the season. C1 [Eggleston, Gillian] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Viator, Ryan; White, Paul] ARS, USDA, SRU, Houma, LA 70360 USA. [Gateuil, Audrey; Fenger, Julie-anne] Agro Paris Tech Massy, Paris, France. [Jackson, Windell; Waguespack, Herman, Jr.] Amer Sugar Cane League, Thibodaux, LA 70302 USA. RP Eggleston, G (reprint author), ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM gillian.eggleston@ars.usda.gov NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 9 PU INT SUGAR JOURNAL LTD PI KENT PA 80 CALVERLEY, TUNBRIDGE WELLS, KENT TN1 2UN, WALES SN 0020-8841 J9 INT SUGAR J JI Int. Sugar J. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 115 IS 1377 BP 634 EP 641 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 242OP UT WOS:000326252200045 ER PT J AU Won, CS Lan, T VanderMolen, KM Dawson, PA Oberlies, NH Widmer, WW Scarlett, YV Paine, MF AF Won, Christina S. Lan, Tian VanderMolen, Karen M. Dawson, Paul A. Oberlies, Nicholas H. Widmer, Wilbur W. Scarlett, Yolanda V. Paine, Mary F. TI A Modified Grapefruit Juice Eliminates Two Compound Classes as Major Mediators of the Grapefruit Juice-Fexofenadine Interaction: An In Vitro-In Vivo "Connect" SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE clinical pharmacology; clinical research; gastrointestinal; pharmacokinetics and drug metabolism ID ANION-TRANSPORTING POLYPEPTIDES; ORAL AVAILABILITY; DRUG INTERACTION; CACO-2 CELLS; INHIBITION; HUMANS; OATP; FURANOCOUMARINS; BIOAVAILABILITY; EXPRESSION AB The grapefruit juice (GFJ)-fexofenadine interaction involves inhibition of intestinal organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP)-mediated uptake. Only naringin has been shown clinically to inhibit intestinal OATP; other constituents have not been evaluated. The effects of a modified GFJ devoid of furanocoumarins ( 99%) and polymethoxyflavones ( 90%) on fexofenadine disposition were compared to effects of the original juice. Extracts of both juices inhibited estrone 3-sulfate and fexofenadine uptake by similar extents in OATP-transfected cells ( 50% and 25%, respectively). Healthy volunteers (n = 18) were administered fexofenadine (120 mg) with water, GFJ, or modified GFJ (240 mL) by randomized, three-way crossover design. Compared to water, both juices decreased fexofenadine geometric mean AUC and Cmax by 25% (P .008 and P .011, respectively), with no effect on terminal half-life (P = .11). Similar effects by both juices on fexofenadine pharmacokinetics indicate furanocoumarins and polymethoxyflavones are not major mediators of the GFJ-fexofenadine interaction. C1 [Won, Christina S.; Paine, Mary F.] Univ N Carolina, Eshelman Sch Pharm, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Lan, Tian; Dawson, Paul A.] Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Gastroenterol Sect, Winston Salem, NC 27103 USA. [VanderMolen, Karen M.; Oberlies, Nicholas H.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Chem & Biochem, Greensboro, NC 27412 USA. [Widmer, Wilbur W.] USDA, Citrus & Subtrop Prod Lab, Winter Haven, FL USA. [Scarlett, Yolanda V.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Paine, MF (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Eshelman Sch Pharm, 2320 Kerr Hall,CB 7569, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM mpaine@unc.edu OI Oberlies, Nicholas/0000-0002-0354-8464 FU National Institutes of Health [R01 GM077482, R01 DK047987, UL1RR025747] FX This work was supported by National Institutes of Health grants R01 GM077482, R01 DK047987, and UL1RR025747 (now UL1TR000083). NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1552-4604 J9 J CLIN PHARMACOL JI J. Clin. Pharmacol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 53 IS 9 BP 982 EP 990 DI 10.1002/jcph.136 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 237JA UT WOS:000325864400014 PM 23878024 ER PT J AU McKean, J Tonina, D AF McKean, Jim Tonina, Daniele TI Bed stability in unconfined gravel bed mountain streams: With implications for salmon spawning viability in future climates SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-EARTH SURFACE LA English DT Review DE bed scour; salmon spawning; climate change; unconfined channels ID WESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; EGG BURIAL DEPTHS; SNOWMELT RUNOFF; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; HYDRAULIC GEOMETRY; PARTIAL TRANSPORT; LOAD TRANSPORT; UNITED-STATES; SHEAR-STRESS; RIVERS AB Incubating eggs of autumn-spawning Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) could be at risk of midwinter high flows and substrate scour in a changing climate. A high-spatial-resolution multidimensional hydrodynamics model was used to assess the degree of scour risk in low-gradient unconfined gravel bed channels that are the favored environment for autumn-spawning salmon in mountain watersheds such as the Middle Fork Salmon River (MFSR), Idaho. In one of the most important MFSR spawning tributaries, near-bed shear stresses were relatively low at all discharges from base flows to 300% of bankfull. The highest stresses were found only in small areas of the central flow core and not at spawning sites. Median shear stresses did not increase in overbank flow conditions because poor channel confinement released the excess water into adjacent floodplains. Channel and floodplain topography, rather than discharge, control the maximum near-bed shear stresses. Over the modeled range of discharges, similar to 2% of the total surface area of the main stem channel bed was predicted to be mobile. Even in known spawning areas, where shear stresses are higher, 20% of the spawning surface area was mobile during overbank flows with a 2year recurrence interval. Field measurements of little gravel transport during flows that were 93% of bankfull support the numerical model predictions. Regardless of some uncertainty in future climates in these watersheds, there appears to be relatively limited risk of extensive scour at salmon spawning sites in any likely hydrologic regimes. C1 [McKean, Jim] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Boise, ID 83702 USA. [Tonina, Daniele] Univ Idaho, Dept Civil Engn, Ctr Ecohydraul Res, Boise, ID USA. RP McKean, J (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 322 E Front St,Ste 401, Boise, ID 83702 USA. EM jmckean@fs.fed.us RI Tonina, Daniele/I-7688-2012 OI Tonina, Daniele/0000-0002-1866-1013 FU U.S. Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station FX Wayne Wright, Virgil Rabine, and Richard Mitchell expertly acquired the bathymetric lidar data. Dan Isaak assisted with the 2005 field survey of Chinook salmon redds, and Russ Thurow kindly provided data from the 2009 MFSR salmon spawning aerial survey. The manuscript was significantly improved by the helpful comments of John Pitlick (Associate Editor), Peter Wilcock, Tom Lisle, Rich McDonald, and an anonymous reviewer. We are grateful to the U.S. Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station for project financial support. NR 103 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9003 EI 2169-9011 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-EARTH JI J. Geophys. Res.-Earth Surf. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 118 IS 3 BP 1227 EP 1240 DI 10.1002/jgrf.20092 PG 14 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 238VC UT WOS:000325978500003 ER PT J AU Rios-Castillo, I Brito, A Olivares, M Lopez-de Romana, D Pizarro, F AF Rios-Castillo, Israel Brito, Alex Olivares, Manuel Lopez-de Romana, Daniel Pizarro, Fernando TI Low prevalence of iron deficiency anemia between 1981 and 2010 in Chilean women of childbearing age SO SALUD PUBLICA DE MEXICO LA English DT Article DE Prevalence; anemia; iron; iron deficiency; Chile ID NUTRITION TRANSITION; CHILDREN; INFANTS; BREAD AB Objective. To determine the prevalence of anemia and iron status among Chilean women of childbearing age between 1981 and 2010. Materials and methods. Calculation of the prevalence of anemia and iron status was based on multiple cross-sectional iron absorption studies performed in 888 women during this period of time. All studies included measurements of hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, zinc protoporphyrin, percentage of transferrin saturation and serum ferritin. Data were grouped by decade (1981-1990, 1991-2000, and 2001-2010). Results. Prevalence of anemia for these decades was 9, 6 and 10%, respectively (p=NS). Iron deficiency anemia was the main cause of anemia in all periods (55, 85 and 75%, respectively; p=NS). A high prevalence of women with normal iron status was observed for all periods (64, 69, and 67, respectively; p=NS). Prevalence of iron deficiency without anemia in 1981-1990, 1991-2000 and 2001-2010 was 7, 20 and 12%, respectively (p<0.05). Finally, prevalence of iron depleted stores was 20, 6 and 10%, respectively (p<0.05). Conclusions. Prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in Chilean women of childbearing age was mild between 1981 and 2010. More than 60% of childbearing age women presented normal iron status in all periods. However, prevalence of iron depleted stores was moderate during 1981-1990, and was mild during 1991-2000 and 2001-2010. C1 [Rios-Castillo, Israel; Brito, Alex; Olivares, Manuel; Lopez-de Romana, Daniel; Pizarro, Fernando] Univ Chile, INTA, Lab Micronutrientes, Santiago 7830489, Chile. [Brito, Alex] Univ Calif Davis, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Lopez-de Romana, Daniel] Micronutrient Initiat, Ottawa, ON, Canada. RP Pizarro, F (reprint author), Univ Chile, INTA, Lab Micronutrientes, Av El Libano 5524, Santiago 7830489, Chile. EM fpizarro@inta.uchile.cl RI Pizarro, Fernando/K-5266-2012 OI Pizarro, Fernando/0000-0001-6088-1119 NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU INST NACIONAL SALUD PUBLICA PI CUERNAVACA PA AV UNIVERSIDAD 655, COL SANTA MARIA AHUACATITLAN, CUERNAVACA 62508, MORELOS, MEXICO SN 0036-3634 EI 1606-7916 J9 SALUD PUBLICA MEXICO JI Salud Publica Mexico PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 55 IS 5 BP 478 EP 483 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 243ZL UT WOS:000326356800005 PM 24626618 ER PT J AU Luchansky, JB Porto-Fett, ACS Shoyer, BA Phillips, J Chen, V Eblen, DR Cook, LV Mohr, TB Esteban, E Bauer, N AF Luchansky, John B. Porto-Fett, Anna C. S. Shoyer, Bradley A. Phillips, John Chen, Vivian Eblen, Denise R. Cook, L. Victor Mohr, Tim B. Esteban, Emilio Bauer, Nathan TI Fate of Shiga Toxin-Producing O157:H7 and Non-O157:H7 Escherichia coli Cells within Refrigerated, Frozen, or Frozen Then Thawed Ground Beef Patties Cooked on a Commercial Open-Flame Gas or a Clamshell Electric Grill SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; THERMAL INACTIVATION; FOOD; PATHOGENS; O157/H7; SALMONELLA; RESISTANCE; COOKING; ILLNESS AB Both high-fat and low-fat ground beef (percent lean:fat = ca. 70:30 and 93:7, respectively) were inoculated with a 6-strain cocktail of non-O157:H7 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) or a five-strain cocktail of E. coli O157:H7 (ca. 7.0 log CFU/g). Patties were pressed (ca. 2.54 cm thick, ca. 300 g each) and then refrigerated (4 degrees C, 18 to 24 h), or frozen (218 degrees C, 3 weeks), or frozen (218 degrees C, 3 weeks) and then thawed (4 degrees C for 18 h or 21 degrees C for 10 h) before being cooked on commercial gas or electric grills to internal temperatures of 60 to 76.6 degrees C. For E. coli O157:H7, regardless of grill type or fat level, cooking refrigerated patties to 71.1 or 76.6 degrees C decreased E. coli O157:H7 numbers from an initial level of ca. 7.0 log CFU/g to a final level of <= 1.0 log CFU/g, whereas decreases to ca. 1.1 to 3.1 log CFU/g were observed when refrigerated patties were cooked to 60.0 or 65.5 degrees C. For patties that were frozen or freeze-thawed and cooked to 71.1 or 76.6 degrees C, E. coli O157:H7 numbers decreased to ca. 1.7 or <= 0.7 log CFU/g. Likewise, pathogen numbers decreased to ca. 0.7 to 3.7 log CFU/g in patties that were frozen or freeze-thawed and cooked to 60.0 or 65.5 degrees C. For STEC, regardless of grill type or fat level, cooking refrigerated patties to 71.1 or 76.6uC decreased pathogen numbers from ca. 7.0 to <= 0.7 log CFU/g, whereas decreases to ca. 0.7 to 3.6 log CFU/g were observed when refrigerated patties were cooked to 60.0 or 65.5 degrees C. For patties that were frozen or freeze-thawed and cooked to 71.1 or 76.6 degrees C, STEC numbers decreased to a final level of ca. 1.5 to <= 0.7 log CFU/g. Likewise, pathogen numbers decreased from ca. 7.0 to ca. 0.8 to 4.3 log CFU/g in patties that were frozen or freeze-thawed and cooked to 60.0 or 65.5 degrees C. Thus, cooking ground beef patties that were refrigerated, frozen, or freeze-thawed to internal temperatures of 71.1 and 76.6uC was effective for eliminating ca. 5.1 to 7.0 log CFU of E. coli O157:H7 and STEC per g. C1 [Luchansky, John B.; Shoyer, Bradley A.; Phillips, John] ARS, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Porto-Fett, Anna C. S.] Food Safety Connect, Blacksville, WV 26521 USA. [Chen, Vivian; Eblen, Denise R.; Cook, L. Victor; Mohr, Tim B.; Esteban, Emilio; Bauer, Nathan] US Food Safety & Inspect Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Luchansky, JB (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM John.Luchansky@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS; USDA-FSIS; Agriculture and Food Research Initiative from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2012-68003-30155] FX We offer our sincere appreciation to Rosemary Martinjuk, Jeffrey E. Call, Deena Ghazzi, Sarah Wadsworth, Trang Nguyen, and Nelly Osoria of the USDA/ARS/ERRC (Wyndmoor, PA) for their assistance on this project. In addition, we are grateful to James Lindsay and Mary Torrence (USDA/ARS, Beltsville, MD), David Goldman, Alice Thaler, Janell Kause, and Uday Dessai (USDA/FSIS, Washington, DC), Steve Campano (Hawkins Inc., Minneapolis, MN), Betsy Booren, Scott Goltry, and Jim Hodges (American Meat Institute, Washington, DC), Marisol Castaneda Ruelas and Cristobal Chaidez (CIAD, Culiacan, Mexico), Randall K. Phebus (Kansas State University, Manhattan), Rodney Moxley and Harshavardhan Thippareddi (University of Nebraska-Lincoln), John Sofos (Colorado State University, Fort Collins), and Ernie Illg (Illg's Meats, Chalfont, PA) for contributing their time, talents, and/or resources towards this effort. This project was funded, in part, through an Inter-Agency Agreement between USDA-ARS (J.B.L.) and USDA-FSIS. This project was also supported, in part, by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2012-68003-30155 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. NR 40 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 19 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 76 IS 9 BP 1500 EP 1512 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-12-432 PG 13 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 240HH UT WOS:000326085500002 PM 23992494 ER PT J AU Wang, R Kalchayanand, N Schmidt, JW Harhay, DM AF Wang, Rong Kalchayanand, Norasak Schmidt, John W. Harhay, Dayna M. TI Mixed Biofilm Formation by Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Enhanced Bacterial Resistance to Sanitization due to Extracellular Polymeric Substances SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID BEEF PROCESSING PLANTS; HORIZONTAL TRANSFER; UNITED-STATES; O157-H7; CURLI; O157H7; STRAINS; PREVALENCE; CELLULOSE; DT104 AB Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium are important foodborne pathogens capable of forming single-species biofilms or coexisting in multispecies biofilm communities. Bacterial biofilm cells are usually more resistant to sanitization than their planktonic counterparts, so these foodborne pathogens in biofilms pose a serious food safety concern. We investigated how the coexistence of E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella Typhimurium strains would affect bacterial planktonic growth competition and mixed biofilm composition. Furthermore, we also investigated how mixed biofilm formation would affect bacterial resistance to common sanitizers. Salmonella Typhimurium strains were able to outcompete E. coli strains in the planktonic growth phase; however, mixed biofilm development was highly dependent upon companion strain properties in terms of the expression of bacterial extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), including curli fimbriae and exopolysaccharide cellulose. The EPS-producing strains with higher biofilm-forming abilities were able to establish themselves in mixed biofilms more efficiently. In comparison to single-strain biofilms, Salmonella or E. coli strains with negative EPS expression obtained significantly enhanced resistance to sanitization by forming mixed biofilms with an EPS-producing companion strain of the other species. These observations indicate that the bacterial EPS components not only enhance the sanitizer resistance of the EPS-producing strains but also render protections to their companion strains, regardless of species, in mixed biofilms. Our study highlights the potential risk of cross-contamination by multispecies biofilms in food safety and the need for increased attention to proper sanitization practices in food processing facilities. C1 [Wang, Rong; Kalchayanand, Norasak; Schmidt, John W.; Harhay, Dayna M.] ARS, USDA, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Wang, R (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM rong.wang@ars.usda.gov OI Schmidt, John/0000-0003-0494-2436 NR 37 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 30 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 76 IS 9 BP 1513 EP 1522 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-13-077 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 240HH UT WOS:000326085500003 PM 23992495 ER PT J AU Dearfield, KL Edwards, SR O'Keefe, MM Abdelmajid, NM Blanchard, AJ Labarre, DD Bennett, PA AF Dearfield, Kerry L. Edwards, Sarah R. O'Keefe, Margaret M. Abdelmajid, Naser M. Blanchard, Ashley J. Labarre, David D. Bennett, Patty A. TI Dietary Estimates of Dioxins Consumed in US Department of Agriculture-Regulated Meat and Poultry Products SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article AB The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) examined whether levels of dioxin-like compounds (DLCs) measured in FSIS-regulated meat and poultry products indicate possible concern for U. S. public health based on usual and recommended consumption patterns of meat and poultry for the U. S. population. The FSIS estimated daily dietary exposures and compared them with the reference dose (RfD) established by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for potential noncancer risks from 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), assuming that all measured DLCs were represented by the RfD (i.e., not just TCDD alone). The estimates indicate that a typical U. S. adult daily exposure of DLCs from FSIS-regulated products is below the EPA-established RfD. Only children consuming chronic average daily servings of meat or poultry products containing the highest measured levels of DLCs may exceed the RfD. If one follows the recommendations from the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, all expected exposures to DLCs from FSIS-regulated products are estimated to be well below the RfD. C1 [Dearfield, Kerry L.; Edwards, Sarah R.; O'Keefe, Margaret M.; Abdelmajid, Naser M.; Blanchard, Ashley J.; Labarre, David D.; Bennett, Patty A.] US Food Safety & Inspect Serv, USDA, Off Publ Hlth Sci, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Dearfield, KL (reprint author), US Food Safety & Inspect Serv, USDA, Off Publ Hlth Sci, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM kerry.dearfield@fsis.usda.gov NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 76 IS 9 BP 1597 EP 1607 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-13-046 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 240HH UT WOS:000326085500013 PM 23992505 ER PT J AU Liu, YH Ceruso, M Jiang, YJ Datta, AR Carter, L Strain, E Pepe, T Anastasi, A Fratamico, P AF Liu, Yanhong Ceruso, Marina Jiang, Yuji Datta, Atin R. Carter, Laurenda Strain, Errol Pepe, Tiziana Anastasi, Aniello Fratamico, Pina TI Construction of Listeria monocytogenes Mutants with In-Frame Deletions in the Phosphotransferase Transport System (PTS) and Analysis of Their Growth under Stress Conditions SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Listeria monocytogenes; phosphotransferase transport system (PTS); stress response ID CLASS IIA BACTERIOCINS; GENE-EXPRESSION; FOOD; PATHOGEN; PROTEIN; COMPONENTS; RESISTANCE; PRODUCTS; INSIGHTS; STRAINS AB Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen that is difficult to eliminate due to its ability to survive under different stress conditions such as low pH and high salt. To better control this pathogen in food, it is important to understand its survival mechanisms under these stress conditions. LMOf2365_0442, 0443, and 0444 encode for phosphotransferase transport system (PTS) permease (fructose-specific IIABC components) that is responsible for sugar transport. LMOf2365_0445 encodes for glycosyl hydrolase. These genes were induced by high pressure and inhibited under salt treatments; therefore, we hypothesized that genes encoding these PTS proteins may be involved in general stress responses. To study the function of these genes, deletion mutants of the PTS genes (LMOf2365_0442, LMOf2365_0443, and LMOf2365_0444) and the downstream gene LMOf2365_0445 were created in L. monocytogenes strain F2365. These deletion mutants were tested under different stress conditions. The growth of Delta LMOf2365_0445 was increased under nisin (125 mu g/mL) treatments compared to the wild-type (P < 0.01). The growth of Delta LMOf2365_0442 in salt (brain-heart infusion medium with 5% NaCl) was significantly increased (P < 0.01), and Delta LMOf2365_0442 showed increased growth under acidic conditions (pH 5.0) compared to the wild-type (P < 0.01). The results from phenotypic arrays demonstrated that some of these mutants showed slightly slower growth under different carbon sources and basic conditions. The results indicate that deletion mutants Delta LMOf2365_0442 and Delta LMOf2365_0445 were more resistant to multiple stress conditions compared to the wild-type, suggesting that they may contribute to the general stress response in L. monocytogenes. An understanding of the growth of these mutants under multiple stress conditions may assist in the development of intervention strategies to control L. monocytogenes in food. C1 [Liu, Yanhong; Fratamico, Pina] ARS, Mol Characterizat Foodborne Pathogens Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Ceruso, Marina; Pepe, Tiziana; Anastasi, Aniello] Univ Naples Federico II, Fac Med Vet, Sez Ispez, Dipto Sci Zootecn & Ispez Alimenti, Naples 80137, Italy. [Jiang, Yuji] Fujian Agr & Forestry Univ, Coll Food Sci, Fuzhou 50002 3, Fujian, Peoples R China. [Datta, Atin R.; Carter, Laurenda; Strain, Errol] US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. RP Liu, YH (reprint author), ARS, Mol Characterizat Foodborne Pathogens Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM yanhong.liu@ars.usda.gov OI CERUSO, Marina/0000-0002-0574-9542 NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-1147 EI 1750-3841 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 78 IS 9 BP M1392 EP M1398 DI 10.1111/1750-3841.12181 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 217BN UT WOS:000324331600010 PM 23909479 ER PT J AU Ledbetter, CA Sisterson, MS AF Ledbetter, Craig A. Sisterson, Mark S. TI Distinguishing Nonpareil Marketing Group Almond Cultivars through Multivariate Analyses SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE classification; marketing group; nut quality; Prunus dulcis; varietal standard ID IRRIGATION; KERNELS AB More than 80% of the world's almonds are grown in California with several dozen almond cultivars available commercially. To facilitate promotion and sale, almond cultivars are categorized into marketing groups based on kernel shape and appearance. Several marketing groups are recognized, with the Nonpareil Marketing Group (NMG) demanding the highest prices. Placement of cultivars into the NMG is historical and no objective standards exist for deciding whether newly developed cultivars belong in the NMG. Principal component analyses (PCA) were used to identify nut and kernel characteristics best separating the 4 NMG cultivars (Nonpareil, Jeffries, Kapareil, and Milow) from a representative of the California Marketing Group (cultivar Carmel) and the Mission Marketing Group (cultivar Padre). In addition, discriminant analyses were used to determine cultivar misclassification rates between and within the marketing groups. All 19 evaluated carpological characters differed significantly among the 6 cultivars and during 2 harvest seasons. A clear distinction of NMG cultivars from representatives of the California and Mission Marketing Groups was evident from a PCA involving the 6 cultivars. Further, NMG kernels were successfully discriminated from kernels representing the California and Mission Marketing Groups with overall kernel misclassification of only 2% using 16 of the 19 evaluated characters. Pellicle luminosity was the most discriminating character, regardless of the character set used in analyses. Results provide an objective classification of NMG almond kernels, clearly distinguishing them from kernels of cultivars representing the California and Mission Marketing Groups. C1 [Ledbetter, Craig A.; Sisterson, Mark S.] ARS, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Crop Dis Pests & Genet Res Unit, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Ledbetter, CA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Crop Dis Pests & Genet Res Unit, 9611 S Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM craig.ledbetter@ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-1147 EI 1750-3841 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 78 IS 9 BP S1430 EP S1436 DI 10.1111/1750-3841.12179 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 217BN UT WOS:000324331600016 PM 24024693 ER PT J AU Kie, JG Johnson, BK Noyes, JH Williams, CL Dick, BL Rhodes, OE Stussy, RJ Bowyer, RT AF Kie, John G. Johnson, Bruce K. Noyes, James H. Williams, Christen L. Dick, Brian L. Rhodes, Olin E. Stussy, Rosemary J. Bowyer, R. Terry TI Reproduction in North American elk Cervus elaphus: paternity of calves sired by males of mixed age classes SO WILDLIFE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cattle grazing; Cervus elaphus; conception date; North American elk; paternity; reproduction ID MOOSE ALCES-ALCES; ADULT SEX-RATIO; ALASKAN MOOSE; MULE DEER; CONCEPTION DATES; PREGNANCY RATES; MATING SUCCESS; BULL ELK; PARTURITION; POPULATIONS AB Our objective was to examine effects of groups of mixed numbers and ages of male North American elk Cervus elaphus on the reproductive performance of females. We conducted research at the Starkey Experimental Forest and Range in northeastern Oregon, USA, during 1993-2000. Each spring in late March, we released 40 female elk, eight yearling (9-month old) male elk and 2-8 branch-antlered elk (i.e. >= 2 years of age during rut the following autumn) into a 622-ha fenced pasture. Elk were gathered during autumn and early winter, and were brought to winter feeding grounds where blood samples were drawn to determine pregnancy status. The following spring, females were released into an 80-ha pasture prior to parturition. We searched for and captured newborn calves and obtained ear-punch samples for genetic analysis. We used 18 microsatellite loci to establish paternity of each calf. We varied the ratio of mature males (i.e. >= 3 years old) to female ratio from 0.03 to 0.21. As expected, mature males (older and heavier) were more successful in siring calves than were younger males. Within age classes, however, body mass in spring did not accurately predict mating success in autumn. Reproductive rates were not affected by season of grazing by cattle, yearling male to female ratio or mature male to female ratio. Sire age had no effect on mean dates of calf births or on calf weights. Neither sire age nor season of grazing by cattle had significant effects on calf weights; however, mean date of birth was significantly earlier when cattle grazing occurred during the previous autumn than when cattle grazed during the preceding spring. Furthermore, the number of calves sired by yearling males was greater when cattle grazing occurred during autumn, than when grazing occurred during spring. In the years with disruptive cattle grazing during rut, females mated not only with yearling males, in general, but often with those who were lighter in body mass during the previous spring than others in the same cohort. The extent to which those yearling males are untested in combat with older, dominant herd bulls may have genetic consequences leading to differences in fitness and subsequent reductions in calf survival. C1 [Kie, John G.; Bowyer, R. Terry] Idaho State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. [Kie, John G.; Dick, Brian L.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, La Grande, OR 97850 USA. [Johnson, Bruce K.] Oregon Dept Fish & Wildlife, La Grande, OR 97850 USA. [Noyes, James H.] Oregon Dept Fish & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Williams, Christen L.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Rhodes, Olin E.] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. [Stussy, Rosemary J.] Oregon Dept Fish & Wildlife, Central Point, OR 97502 USA. RP Kie, JG (reprint author), Idaho State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 921 South 8th Ave,Stop 8007, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. EM kiejohn@isu.edu; bruce.k.johnson@state.or.us; jaines.h.noyes@state.or.us; bldick@fs.fed.us; rhodes@srel.edu; rosemary.j.stussy@state.or.us; bowyterr@isu.edu FU Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration [W-87-R]; Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife; United States Forest Service FX our study was supported by Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration (W-87-R), the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife and the United States Forest Service. We appreciate the efforts of project personnel C.D. Borum, P.K. Coe, S.L. Findholt, T. Heater, R.O. Kennedy, P.B. Kennington, L. Naylor, J.C. Nothwang and A. Stokes. Previous drafts of this manuscript were reviewed by J.G. Cook, R.W. DeYoung and S.L. Findholt, who provided many valuable suggestions. NR 50 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 26 PU WILDLIFE BIOLOGY PI RONDE PA C/O JAN BERTELSEN, GRENAAVEJ 14, KALO, DK-8410 RONDE, DENMARK SN 0909-6396 J9 WILDLIFE BIOL JI Wildlife Biol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 19 IS 3 BP 302 EP 310 DI 10.2981/12-051 PG 9 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 239EI UT WOS:000326005000007 ER PT J AU Armstrong, JS Abdel-Mageed, H Fokar, M Allen, R Adamczyk, JJ AF Armstrong, J. Scott Abdel-Mageed, Haggag Fokar, Mohamed Allen, Randy Adamczyk, John J., Jr. TI DIETARY EFFECTS OF COTTON TISSUE EXPRESSING GERMIN LIKE PROTEIN ON BEET ARMYWORM (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) GROWTH, SURVIVAL AND PUPATION SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE bioassays; ectopic expression; germin like protein; plant resistance; Spodoptera exigua ID SPODOPTERA-EXIGUA LEPIDOPTERA; GOSSYPIUM-HIRSUTUM; FALL ARMYWORM; GENE; OVIPOSITION; PREFERENCES; FERTILITY; LONGEVITY; FECUNDITY; OXALATE AB Transgenic cotton lines that ectopically express a cotton germin-like protein (GLP) were screened for resistance/tolerance factors to the beet armyworm (BAW) Spodoptera exigua (Hubner) via feeding assays. The number of BAW eggs that successfully hatched was not statistically different at 72 h after infestation for wild-type cotton plants (Gossypium hirsutum L. c.v. 'Coker 312') or plants of 4 independent transgenic lines (ABP-A, ABP-B and ABP-C and ABP-D). However, the damage caused by these same larvae at 72 h was higher for 'Coker 312' and line ABP-D when compared to ABP-A, ABP-B and ABP-C transgenic plants. Larval live weights were also significantly higher for Coker 312 and ABP-D at 5, 7, and 14 d when compared to ABP-A, ABP-B and ABP-C. The percentage of larvae that successfully completed pupation was significantly higher for BAW larvae fed 'Coker 312' and ABP-D tissue compared to the other 3 lines. These feeding bioassays show the potential for using cotton germin like protein to improve resistance or tolerance for BAW attacking cotton. C1 [Armstrong, J. Scott] USDA ARS, Kika Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. [Abdel-Mageed, Haggag; Fokar, Mohamed; Allen, Randy] Oklahoma State Univ, Inst Agr Biosci, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA. [Allen, Randy] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA. [Allen, Randy] Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA. [Adamczyk, John J., Jr.] USDA ARS, Thad Cochran Southern Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. RP Armstrong, JS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. EM Scott.Armstrong@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 9 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 96 IS 3 BP 693 EP 700 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 233RL UT WOS:000325587100001 ER PT J AU Niu, Y Meagher, RL Yang, F Huang, FN AF Niu, Ying Meagher, Robert L., Jr. Yang, Fei Huang, Fangneng TI SUSCEPTIBILITY OF FIELD POPULATIONS OF THE FALL ARMYWORM (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) FROM FLORIDA AND PUERTO RICO TO PURIFIED CRY1F PROTEIN AND CORN LEAF TISSUE CONTAINING SINGLE AND PYRAMIDED BT GENES SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Spodoptera frugiperda; Bt susceptibility; Cry1F; multiple genes; resistance management; Bt corn ID BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS TOXINS; MOTH PLUTELLA-XYLOSTELLA; SUGARCANE BORER; EARWORM LEPIDOPTERA; OSTRINIA-NUBILALIS; CROSS-RESISTANCE; DELTA-ENDOTOXINS; MAIZE-RESISTANT; TRANSGENIC CORN; MANAGEMENT AB Larval survival of Cry1F-susceptible (FL), -resistant (PR and Cry1F-RR), and -heterozygous (FL x PR and Cry1F-RS) populations of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) to purified Cry1F protein and corn leaf tissue of 7 Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) corn hybrids and 5 non-Bt corn hybrids was evaluated in the laboratory The 7 Bt corn hybrids represent 5 Bt corn traits: Herculex (R) I, which expresses a single Bt protein (Cry1F), and Genuity (R) VT Double Pro (TM), VT Triple Pro (TM), SmartStax (TM), and Agrisure (R) Viptera (TM) 3111, which contain a >= 2 pyramided Bt genes. The original FL and PR populations were collected from corn fields in 2011 in Florida and Puerto Rico, respectively. Diet-incorporation bioassays showed that FL was susceptible to Cry1F protein with a LC50 value of 0.13-0.23 mu g/g, while PR was highly resistant to Cry1F protein (> 137-fold). FL was also susceptible to all 7 Bt corn hybrids with a 7-day mortality of > 95%, while PR and a backcrossed and reselected population, Cry1F-RR, were highly resistant to Cry1F corn leaf tissue. The resistance was recessive or incompletely recessive. None of the 5 populations of S. frugiperda could survive on Viptera (TM) 3111, suggesting this Bt corn trait can completely overcome the resistance and thus should provide a means of managing Cry1F resistance in S. frugiperda. However, Cry1F-RR exhibited a significant cross-resistance to the leaf tissue of the other 3 pyramided Bt corn traits. The possible cross-resistance between single-gene and pyramided Bt corn products suggest that careful selection of Bt genes is essential in use of gene pyramiding strategy for resistance management. C1 [Niu, Ying; Yang, Fei; Huang, Fangneng] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Dept Entomol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Meagher, Robert L., Jr.] USDA ARS, Insect Behav & Biocontrol Unit, CMAVE, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Huang, FN (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Dept Entomol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM fhuang@agcenter.lsu.edu RI Yang, Fei/Q-6498-2016 FU Louisiana Soybean and Feed Grain Promotion Board; USDA NC-205 FX This article is published with the approval of the Director of the Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station as manuscript No.2012-234-7661. This project represents work supported by the Louisiana Soybean and Feed Grain Promotion Board and USDA NC-205. This paper reports research results only. Mention of a proprietary product name does not constitute an endorsement for its use by Louisiana State University Agricultural Center and USDA-ARS. NR 45 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 33 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 96 IS 3 BP 701 EP 713 PG 13 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 233RL UT WOS:000325587100002 ER PT J AU Thrash, B Adamczyk, JJ Lorenz, G Scott, AW Armstrong, JS Pfannenstiel, R Taillon, N AF Thrash, B. Adamczyk, J. J., Jr. Lorenz, G. Scott, A. W. Armstrong, J. S. Pfannenstiel, R. Taillon, N. TI LABORATORY EVALUATIONS OF LEPIDOPTERAN-ACTIVE SOYBEAN SEED TREATMENTS ON SURVIVORSHIP OF FALL ARMYWORM (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) LARVAE SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE anthranilic diamide insecticides; early-season insect pests; foliar applications; growth stages ID CHLORANTRANILIPROLE; RHINOTERMITIDAE; ISOPTERA; COTTON AB Two anthranilic diamide insecticides, chlorantraniliprole and cyantraniliprole, were evaluated as seed treatments on soybean, Glycine max L., for control of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith). Bioassays were conducted using 2nd instars and plants grown from the field and greenhouse. In field-grown soybeans, cyantraniliprole and chlorantraniliprole significantly lowered survival of fall armyworm larvae at the V7 growth stage (51 DAP), and, at the R6 growth stage (112 DAP), and survivorship was significantly lower on plants treated with both chlorantraniliprole and cyantraniliprole. In 6 out of 9 total post treatment evaluations, survivorship was significantly lower in chlorantraniliprole seed treatments than in cyantraniliprole seed treatments. Greenhouse grown plants treated with cyantraniliprole and chlorantraniliprole significantly reduced survival at the V3 growth stage, 2, 3 and 4 days after infestation when compared with other seed treatments. These products could be useful in reducing the number of foliar applications required for lepidopteran pests. C1 [Thrash, B.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Entomol, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Adamczyk, J. J., Jr.] USDA ARS, Thad Cochran Southern Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. [Lorenz, G.; Taillon, N.] Univ Arkansas, Div Agr Res & Extens, Lonoke, AR 72086 USA. [Scott, A. W.] Rio Farms Inc, Monte Alto, TX 78538 USA. [Armstrong, J. S.] USDA, ARS, Wheat Peanut & Other Field Crop Res Unit, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. [Pfannenstiel, R.] USDA ARS, Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Adamczyk, JJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Thad Cochran Southern Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. EM John.Adamczyk@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 7 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 96 IS 3 BP 724 EP 728 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 233RL UT WOS:000325587100004 ER PT J AU Meagher, RL Nagoshi, RN Armstrong, JS Niogret, J Epsky, ND Flanders, KL AF Meagher, Robert L. Nagoshi, Rod N. Armstrong, J. Scott Niogret, Jerome Epsky, Nancy D. Flanders, Kathy L. TI CAPTURES AND HOST STRAINS OF FALL ARMYWORM (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) MALES IN TRAPS BAITED WITH DIFFERENT COMMERCIAL PHEROMONE BLENDS SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Spodoptera frugiperda; pheromone trapping; host strains ID SPODOPTERA-FRUGIPERDA LEPIDOPTERA; SEX-PHEROMONE; SWEET CORN; I GENE; IDENTIFICATION; POPULATIONS; FLORIDA; LURES; FIELD AB Traps baited with 4 different commercial sex pheromone lures that contained 2, 3, or 4 components were used to capture male fall armyworm [Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith)] in Alabama, Georgia, Florida, and Texas from 2006-2009. A subset of the moths collected was analyzed for their host strain to determine if there was a difference in attraction to these lures. Chemical analysis of the lures was completed to identify the pheromone components released. Each lure released the number of components expected, but the Trace lure released relatively higher amounts of the minor component Z7-12:Ac and at a higher percentage of its blend, than the other lures. The 4 lures attracted similar numbers of moths in Alabama, Georgia, and Texas, and there was only a difference among lures in the Florida 2006 trial. More moths were captured in fall 2007 than fall 2008 in Alabama and Georgia. The southern region in Alabama and Georgia averaged more than 13 moths per night, compared to 8.5 in the central region, and 1.9 in the northern region. Lures attracted both host strains of moths, but across years and locations (n = 4546), all lures attracted more corn strain than rice strain males (>55% of moths analyzed were corn strain). However, traps baited with Trece lures captured a 5% lower percentage of corn strain moths than Scenturion-baited lures. Geographic location and time of season appeared to be much more important in determining host strain identity than the specific commercial lure used. Results from these trials suggest that any of the commercial lures tested will attract the numbers of fall armyworm moths necessary for genetic and migration analysis, and that site location (away from trees and in open areas) and periodic trap maintenance (removal of spiders and frogs from clogging the funnel or eating trap catch) are also important in capturing the highest number of moths. C1 [Meagher, Robert L.; Nagoshi, Rod N.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Armstrong, J. Scott] USDA ARS, Kika Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. [Niogret, Jerome; Epsky, Nancy D.] USDA ARS, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, Miami, FL 33158 USA. [Flanders, Kathy L.] Auburn Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Meagher, RL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM Rob.Meagher@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 22 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 96 IS 3 BP 729 EP 740 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 233RL UT WOS:000325587100005 ER PT J AU Giblin-Davis, RM Roda, AL AF Giblin-Davis, Robin M. Roda, Amy L. TI REAL TIME INTERNET INVASIVE PEST IDENTIFICATION TRAINING: A CASE STUDY WITH RHYNCHOPHORUS WEEVILS SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE insect identification; invasion prevention; palm weevils ID FERRUGINEUS AB Early detection of potentially invasive pests is critical to avert significant economic and environmental damage that may result from their successful introduction and establishment in the U.S. Recent advances in affordable USB (universal serial bus) compliant digital microscope cameras and internet platforms for disseminating information in real time have created the potential for enhanced training for insect pest identification. Using the palm weevil genus Rhynchophorus as a test group, we conducted real time training demonstrations which suggested that remote identification training is possible with the U.S. government internet-based portal "FoodShield" which employs Adobe Connect software, along with an open conference call line to reduce audio feedback. A training module was developed employing easy to use keys with photographs of diagnostic characters for species of Rhynchophorus that were distributed with an observation kit (containing image capture software, a digital microscope, a stand, and a specimen holder) to remote participants along with number-coded but unidentified voucher specimens of R. cruentatus, R. palmarum and R. ferrugineus prior to the training evaluations. The screen-sharing features of the portal allowed each test participant to project back images of diagnostic features of their unknowns for confirmation that they were correctly identifying their voucher specimens. C1 [Giblin-Davis, Robin M.] Univ Florida IFAS, Ft Lauderdale Res & Educ Ctr, Davie, FL 33314 USA. [Roda, Amy L.] USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST, Miami, FL 33158 USA. RP Giblin-Davis, RM (reprint author), Univ Florida IFAS, Ft Lauderdale Res & Educ Ctr, 3205 Coll Ave, Davie, FL 33314 USA. EM giblin@ufl.edu NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 9 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 96 IS 3 BP 741 EP 745 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 233RL UT WOS:000325587100006 ER PT J AU Dickey, AM Osborne, LS Shatters, RG Mckenzie, CL AF Dickey, Aaron M. Osborne, Lance S. Shatters, Robert G., Jr. Mckenzie, Cindy L. TI IDENTIFICATION OF THE MEAM1 CRYPTIC SPECIES OF BEMISIA TABACI (HEMIPTERA: ALEYRODIDAE) BY LOOP-MEDIATED ISOTHERMAL AMPLIFICATION SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE biotype B; biotype Q; DNA; LAMP; molecular identification; Trialeuroides vaporariorum ID RAPID IDENTIFICATION; SWEET-POTATO; WHITEFLIES; RESISTANCE; BIOTYPES; DNA AB There are 2 major invasive cryptic species within the Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) cryptic species complex in Florida, called MEAM1 or biotype B, and MED or biotype Q. We used loop-mediated isothermal amplification of DNA to detect these groups. Primer sets developed in-house and those previously published were compared for specificity to the target species by measuring time-to-amplification of non-target and target DNA templates using real-time PCR. All these primer sets were designed using the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene. Our findings indicate that primer sets designed for MEAM1 were more specific than those designed for MED across published studies and in-house designed primers. The optimal primer set for MEAM1 detection, in conjunction with the magnesium ion color indicator hydroxynaphthol blue, provided visual confirmation of target whitefly DNA amplification in 45 min. This assay was highly specific and did not amplify DNA from 8 additional sweetpotato whitefly cryptic species nor from 10 non-Bemisia whitefly species found in Florida. The assay amplified non-target DNA from 1 sweetpotato whitefly cryptic species not present in Florida and shows potential to amplify MED DNA rarely. While additional genes should be used to design more specific primers, particularly for MED, this MEAM1 assay shows promise as the foundation of a field-based tool that could quickly identify the most commonly encountered Florida whitefly species. C1 [Dickey, Aaron M.; Shatters, Robert G., Jr.; Mckenzie, Cindy L.] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Osborne, Lance S.] Univ Florida, Mid Florida Res & Educ Ctr, Apopka, FL 32703 USA. RP Mckenzie, CL (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, 2001 South Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM Cindy.McKenzie@ars.usda.gov NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 11 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 96 IS 3 BP 756 EP 764 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 233RL UT WOS:000325587100008 ER PT J AU Keathley, CP Stelinski, LL Lapointe, SL AF Keathley, Craig P. Stelinski, Lukasz L. Lapointe, Stephen L. TI ATTRACTION OF A NATIVE FLORIDA LEAFMINER, PHYLLOCNISTIS INSIGNIS (LEPIDOPTERA: GRACILLARIIDAE), TO PHEROMONE OF AN INVASIVE CITRUS LEAFMINER, P. CITRELLA: EVIDENCE FOR MATING DISRUPTION OF A NATIVE NON-TARGET SPECIES SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE citrus; congeneric species; leafminer; mating disruption; sex pheromone ID SEX-PHEROMONE; FIELD-EVALUATION; RELEASE RATE; LEAF-MINERS; IDENTIFICATION; COMMUNICATION; TORTRICIDAE; DISPENSER; MOTH AB We collected a native North American species, Phyllocnistis insignis (Frey & Boll) (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae), in traps baited with a 3:1 blend of (Z,Z,E)-7,11,13-hexadecatrienal (triene) and (Z,Z)-7,11-hexadecadienal (diene), 2 components of the sex pheromone of the invasive citrus leafminer, P. citrella Stainton. No moths were caught in unbaited traps during 6 months of monitoring. We evaluated seasonal abundance of P. insignis by monitoring traps in citrus (Citrus spp.; Sapindales: Rutaceae) groves at 4 sites in southeastern Florida during 2012. Phyllocnistis insignis moths were found in pheromone-baited traps year round with a peak flight in May. In trials designed to evaluate mating disruption of R citrella, application of triene (SPLAT CLM (TM)) disrupted trap catch of P. insignis during a 9 week period following treatment in spring (825 mg triene/ha), but not winter (750 mg triene/ha). In a second experiment, application of triene (837 mg/ha) and a 3:1 blend of triene and diene (840 mg triene + 280 mg diene/ha, respectively) loaded onto rubber dispensers disrupted catch of male P. insignis during a 12 week period following treatment of 0.14 ha plots. Also, application of a 3:1 blend of triene and diene (764 mg + 253 mg/ha, respectively) formulated in SPLAT CLM disrupted trap catch of male R insignis during a 4 week period following treatment in a 66 ha plot. In a third experiment, application of blend (837 mg triene + 278 mg diene/ha) reduced the incidence of trap catch to zero during a 16 week period following treatment of 0.87 ha plots. These data suggest that efforts to disrupt mating of F. citrella influence non-target populations of the congeneric leafminer species, R insignis. C1 [Keathley, Craig P.; Lapointe, Stephen L.] ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Stelinski, Lukasz L.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Citrus Res & Educ Ctr, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. RP Keathley, CP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, 2001 South Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM craig.keathley@ars.usda.gov FU Citrus Research and Development Foundation FX We thank Larry Markle, Denis Willett, Josh MacNaught, Jermaine Thomas, Jacque Delp, Rafael Forero (USDA-ARS, Ft. Pierce, FL), Ian Jackson, Bo Holladay, and Scott Holladay (University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL) for technical assistance and ISCA Technologies (Riverside, CA) for providing pheromone products. This research was funded in part by the Citrus Research and Development Foundation. Mention of a trademark or proprietary product is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the U.S. Department of Agriculture and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that may also be suitable. NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 15 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 96 IS 3 BP 877 EP 886 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 233RL UT WOS:000325587100023 ER PT J AU Hallman, GJ AF Hallman, Guy J. TI RATIONALE FOR A GENERIC PHYTOSANITARY IRRADIATION DOSE OF 70 GY FOR THE GENUS ANASTREPHA (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE) SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE radiation; quarantine treatment; Anastrepha ludens; Anastrepha suspensa ID FRUIT-FLIES DIPTERA; RADIATION QUARANTINE TREATMENTS; APPLE MAGGOT DIPTERA; IONIZING-RADIATION; GAMMA-IRRADIATION; FLY DIPTERA; MEXICAN; GRAPEFRUIT AB The phytosanitary irradiation (PI) literature relating to the genus Anastrepha was analyzed to determine if it was sufficient to support a generic dose <150 Gy (the accepted generic dose for all of Tephritidae) that could be used on fruit in areas of the tropical and subtropical Americas where only species of the genus are quarantine pests. Although Anastrepha contains >230 species only 7 have been consistently of quarantine significance, and PI research has been reported on all but one of those. The measure of efficacy for PI of Tephritidae is prevention of adult emergence when eggs or larvae are irradiated in fruit; the 3rd instar is the most radio-tolerant stage. Large-scale testing where similar to 100,000 third instars have been treated at one dose with no adults emerging has been successfully conducted at up to 100 Gy with 4 species. However, a rationale for a generic dose of 70 Gy is given based on the apparent homogeneity in response to radiation within the genus and the fact that the International Plant Protection Convention has approved a dose of 70 Gy for 2 key species. C1 USDA ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Stored Product Insect Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Hallman, GJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Stored Product Insect Res Unit, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM Guy.Hallman@ars.usda.gov NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 6 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 96 IS 3 BP 983 EP 990 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 233RL UT WOS:000325587100036 ER PT J AU Maner, ML Hanula, JL Braman, SK AF Maner, M. Lake Hanula, James L. Braman, S. Kristine TI REARING REDBAY AMBROSIA BEETLE, XYLEBORUS GLABRATUS (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE: SCOLYTINAE), ON SEMI-ARTIFICIAL MEDIA SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE laurel wilt; Raffaelea lauricola; redbay; Persea borbonia; avocado ID XYLOSANDRUS-GERMANUS COLEOPTERA; FUNGAL SYMBIONT; LAUREL WILT; VITRO; DIET AB Semi-artificial diets consisting of redbay (Persea borbonia (L.) Spreng.; Laurales: Lauraceae) sawdust and various nutrients were tested for rearing Xyleborus glabratus Eichoff (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) in vitro. Comparison of 2 media, modified and standard, adapted from Biedermann et al. (2009) showed that the more solid consistency of the modified medium resulted in greater rates of successful brood production in cultures. A 2-layered medium structure with a nutrient rich lower layer and a nutrient poor upper layer proved to be superior to a single-layered structure. Using a 2-layered structure, 72.5% of foundresses successfully produced brood, which was similar to or greater than success rates of X. glabratus under natural field conditions. The most successful media recipes used finely ground wood from redbay, but some successful brood production also occurred when wood from pondberry (Lindera melissifolia) (Walter) Blume; Laurales: Lauraceae) and California bay laurel (Umbellularia californica (Hook. & Arn) Nutt.; Laurales: Lauraceae) were used instead of redbay. A 2-layered structure with nutrient levels slightly higher than those in the modified medium of Biedermann et al. (2009) is recommended for rearing X. glabratus in vitro. C1 [Maner, M. Lake] Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Hanula, James L.] USDA Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Braman, S. Kristine] Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. RP Hanula, JL (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, 320 Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM jhanula@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station work unit [SRS-4552] FX We thank S. Fraedrich for helpful discussions, and S. Horn and M. Cody for assistance during the course of these experiments. B. Mayfield provided California bay laurel for testing. Dr. K. Love-Meyer of the Univ. of Ga. Statistical Consulting Service assisted with statistical analyses, and J. McHugh and S. Fraedrich provided helpful comments on earlier drafts of the manuscript. Funding was provided by the USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station work unit SRS-4552. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 11 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 96 IS 3 BP 1042 EP 1051 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 233RL UT WOS:000325587100043 ER PT J AU Pinero, JC Souder, SK Vargas, RI AF Pinero, Jaime C. Souder, Steven K. Vargas, Roger I. TI RESIDUAL ATTRACTIVENESS OF A SPINOSAD-CONTAINING PROTEIN-BASED BAIT AGED UNDER VARIABLE CONDITIONS TO BACTROCERA DORSALIS AND B. CUCURBITAE (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE) WILD FEMALES IN HAWAII SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE GF-120 NF Naturalyte Fruit Fly Bait; residual attractiveness; integrated pest management; bait station ID ORIENTAL FRUIT-FLY; MELON FLIES DIPTERA; CERATITIS-CAPITATA; PAPAYA ORCHARDS; SPRAYS; SUPPRESSION; DILUTION; PLANTS AB Key to the effectiveness of fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) suppression efforts using insecticidal bait sprays is the determination of how long the bait remains attractive to adult flies after application. Using a comparative approach, field studies were conducted in commercial papaya (Carica papaya L.; Brassicales: Caricaceae) orchards in Hawaii with the goal of quantifying the response of Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) and Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) wild females to yellow bait stations treated with 2 dilutions (40% and 20%) of GF-120 NF Naturalyte (TM) Fruit Fly Bait that had been aged either outdoors (for 3 and 7 days) or indoors (for 1, 2, 3, and 7 days). Important variations in the level of female response to the baits were documented between these 2 fruit fly species, and the response levels were modulated by bait dilution, duration of aging and aging conditions. For B. dorsalis wild females, the attractiveness of 40% GF-120 and aged outdoors for either, 3 or 7 days did not differ significantly from the fresh bait, whereas for B. cucurbitae wild females a significant reduction (48%) in bait attractiveness was recorded within 1 day of aging indoors independent of percent dilution of the bait. Environmental conditions, in particular mean temperature and relative humidity, prevailing during bait aging outdoors differed significantly from those recorded indoors, and these differences appeared to have influenced the attractiveness of GF-120. The types of variations in the level of responses to the aged baits documented in this study between fruit fly species within a genus, and potentially across genera need to be considered when developing suppression programs for fruit flies that involve the use of bait sprays. C1 [Pinero, Jaime C.] Lincoln Univ, Cooperat Res & Extens, Jefferson City, MO 65101 USA. [Souder, Steven K.; Vargas, Roger I.] USDA ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Pinero, JC (reprint author), Lincoln Univ, Cooperat Res & Extens, Allen Hall 212,900 Chestnut St, Jefferson City, MO 65101 USA. EM pineroj@lincolnu.edu NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 21 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 96 IS 3 BP 1077 EP 1083 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 233RL UT WOS:000325587100047 ER PT J AU Gorzlancyk, AM Held, DW Kim, DJ Ranger, CM AF Gorzlancyk, Austin M. Held, David W. Kim, Dong-Joo Ranger, Christopher M. TI CAPTURE OF XYLOSANDRUS CRASSIUSCULUS AND OTHER SCOLYTINAE (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE) IN RESPONSE TO VISUAL AND VOLATILE CUES SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Alabama; attractants; LED; ethanol; methanol; UV; Scolytinae; traps ID ETHANOL-BAITED TRAPS; AMBROSIA BEETLE COLEOPTERA; STRESS; ACETALDEHYDE; ATTRACTION; EMISSIONS; PLANTS AB In Jun and Jul 2011 traps were deployed in Tuskegee National Forest, Macon County, Alabama to test the influence of chemical and visual cues on the capture of bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae). The first experiment investigated the attractiveness of traps baited with different ratios of ethanol to methanol (0:100, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25, 100:0). No differences occurred in total Scolytinae trap captures for any of the various ratios of ethanol to methanol. The second experiment tested the attractiveness of ethanol-baited traps supplemented with light emitting diodes (LED) of various wavelengths to Scolytinae. Ethanol-baited traps supplemented with UV (395 rim) and green (525 rim) LEDs were more attractive than traps baited only with ethanol, but they were not more attractive than ethanol-baited traps supplemented with blue (470 nm) and red (625 am) LEDs. This study indicates ethanol-baited traps supplemented with UV or green LEDs would be useful for detecting various Scolytinae. C1 [Gorzlancyk, Austin M.; Held, David W.] Auburn Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Kim, Dong-Joo] Auburn Univ, Dept Mat Engn, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Ranger, Christopher M.] USDA ARS, Hort Insects Res Lab, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Gorzlancyk, AM (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, 301 Funchess Hall, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM amg0043@auburn.edu RI KIM, DONG-JOO/C-2277-2008 FU USDA grant through the Specialty Crops Research Initiative [2010-51181-21169] FX We thank Znar Barwary (Auburn University) for technical assistance and for reviewing earlier drafts of the manuscript. We also thank Jaeyoung Jeong for soldering and trap assembly. This work was funded by a USDA grant through the Specialty Crops Research Initiative awarded to Auburn University (USDA Grant No. 2010-51181-21169). NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 12 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 96 IS 3 BP 1097 EP 1101 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 233RL UT WOS:000325587100049 ER PT J AU Epsky, ND Dean, D Fox, A Kendra, PE AF Epsky, Nancy D. Dean, David Fox, Abbie Kendra, Paul E. TI CAPTURE OF ANASTREPHA SUSPENSA AND STERILE MALE CERATITIS CAPITATA (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE) IN MULTILURE TRAPS VERSUS PHASE 4 TRAPS SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Mediterranean fruit fly; Caribbean fruit fly; detection; monitoring; trap ID FRUIT-FLIES DIPTERA; ESTIMATING SITE OCCUPANCY; SYNTHETIC ATTRACTANT; SYSTEMS; LURES; WILD AB Field trials were conducted in south Florida to compare capture of wild Caribbean fruit flies, Anastrepha suspensa (Loew), and sterile male Mediterranean fruit flies, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), in Multilure traps, which are McPhail-type traps that use an aqueous solution to retain attracted flies, and Phase 4 traps, which are open-bottom dry traps that use a sticky insert to retain attracted flies. One study was conducted in a guava orchard and compared capture of A. suspensa in both trap types baited with ammonium acetate plus putrescine alone (two-component BioLure) or in combination with trimethylamine (three-component BioLure). A second study compared captures of A. suspensa and sterile male C. capitata in traps baited with three-component BioLure in an urban area near the end of the eradication program for a C. capitata outbreak. In both studies, captures were higher in the Multilure traps than the Phase 4 traps baited with the same lure, with catches ranging from 5:1 for sterile C. capitata, and similar to 10:1 to similar to 100:1 for wild A. suspensa. Large scale area-wide deployment of fruit fly detection traps is costly in both materials and in the time and effort required in routine servicing. Although a simpler and cheaper trap such as the Phase 4 trap would be a welcome relief to any large scale area-wide detection programs, it must perform effectively. This is the first report of tests of fruit fly capture in Phase 4 traps conducted under of south Florida conditions. C1 [Epsky, Nancy D.; Kendra, Paul E.] USDA ARS, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, Miami, FL 33158 USA. [Dean, David] Ctr Plant Hlth Sci & Technol, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Sarasota, FL 34243 USA. [Fox, Abbie] Florida Dept Agr & Consumer Serv, Div Plant Ind, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Epsky, ND (reprint author), USDA ARS, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, 13601 Old Cutler Rd, Miami, FL 33158 USA. EM nancy.epsky@ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 96 IS 3 BP 1116 EP 1124 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 233RL UT WOS:000325587100052 ER PT J AU Brar, GS Capinera, JL Kendra, PE Mclean, S Pena, JE AF Brar, Gurpreet S. Capinera, John L. Kendra, Paul E. Mclean, Stephen Pena, Jorge E. TI LIFE CYCLE, DEVELOPMENT, AND CULTURE OF XYLEBORUS GLABRATUS (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE: SCOLYTINAE) SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Persea americana; avocado; redbay ambrosia beetle; rearing; laurel wilt ID REDBAY AMBROSIA BEETLE; SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; LAUREL WILT; RAFFAELEA-LAURICOLA; PHOEBE OIL; 1ST REPORT; FLORIDA; REPRODUCTION; LAURACEAE; AVOCADO AB The redbay ambrosia beetle, Xyleborus glabratus Eichhoff (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), is a wood-boring pest that transmits the fungal pathogen Raffaelea lauricola, the causal agent of laurel wilt disease in American Lauraceae. This study documents the gallery formation patterns of X. glabratus as well as its life cycle and development at 25 +/- 2 degrees C in logs of 3 natural hosts: avocado (Persea americana), redbay (P. borbonia) and swampbay (P. palustris). Females were observed to excavate galleries perpendicular to the tree trunk; galleries were characterized by a main entrance tunnel, from which branched secondary tunnels that, in turn, gave rise to tertiary tunnels. By dissecting infested logs daily, the length of time was determined for each developmental stage, and found to be comparable in all 3 hosts. Eggs were first encountered in avocado, redbay, and swampbay at 7, 11, and 10 days after gallery initiation (agi), respectively; larvae at 14, 20, and 14 days agi; pupae at 24, 26, and 26 days agi; and teneral adults at 31, 30, and 27 days agi. Despite comparable rates of development in all hosts, there were fewer progeny per female produced in avocado. Oviposition by the founding female extended over a broad time-span, and all stages were observed in the gallery at 1 month agi. Three larval instars were present, with mean head capsule widths of 0.21, 0.26, and 0.37 mm, respectively. Long term rearing of X. glabratus was achieved on swampbay logs soaked in water prior to infestation. Emergence of new females from logs was first observed at 60 d agi, indicating that teneral adults remain in hosts for 1 month prior to dispersal. Emergence continued for up to 240 days, with maximum emergence observed between 120-150 days agi. C1 [Brar, Gurpreet S.; Capinera, John L.; Mclean, Stephen] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Kendra, Paul E.] USDA ARS, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, Miami, FL 33158 USA. [Pena, Jorge E.] Univ Florida, Ctr Trop Res & Educ, Homestead, FL 33031 USA. RP Brar, GS (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM gpsbrar@ufl.edu NR 38 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 31 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 96 IS 3 BP 1158 EP 1167 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 233RL UT WOS:000325587100057 ER PT J AU Vargas, G Lastra, LA Solis, MA AF Vargas, German Lastra, Luz A. Solis, M. Alma TI FIRST RECORD OF DIATRAEA TABERNELLA (LEPIDOPTERA: CRAMBIDAE) IN THE CAUCA RIVER VALLEY OF COLOMBIA SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material DE Cotesia flavipes; Lydella minense; Diatraea saccharalis; Diatraea indigenella ID SUGARCANE BORER C1 [Vargas, German; Lastra, Luz A.] Colombian Sugarcane Res Ctr CENICANA, Cali, Colombia. [Solis, M. Alma] USDA, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Systemat Entomol Lab, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Vargas, G (reprint author), Colombian Sugarcane Res Ctr CENICANA, Calle 58 Norte 3BN-110, Cali, Colombia. EM gavargas@cenicana.org NR 13 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 8 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 96 IS 3 BP 1198 EP 1201 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 233RL UT WOS:000325587100067 ER PT J AU Kawahara, AY Jones, M Jia, QJ Lapointe, SL Stansly, PA AF Kawahara, Akito Y. Jones, Moneen Jia, Qianju Lapointe, Stephen L. Stansly, Philip A. TI A SYNTHETIC PHEROMONE FOR PHYLLOCNISTIS CITRELLA (LEPIDOPTERA: GRACILLARIIDAE) ATTRACTS MULTIPLE LEAFMINER SPECIES SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material DE citrus leafminer; citrus canker; lure; molecular phylogeny; Phyllocnistinae ID CITRUS LEAFMINER; SEX-PHEROMONE; FIELD-EVALUATION; MOTH; IDENTIFICATION; MORPHOLOGY; EVOLUTION; CANKER C1 [Kawahara, Akito Y.; Jia, Qianju] Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Jones, Moneen; Stansly, Philip A.] Univ Florida IFAS, Southwest Florida Res & Educ Ctr, Immokalee, FL 34142 USA. [Lapointe, Stephen L.] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Kawahara, AY (reprint author), Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM kawahara@flmnh.ufl.edu NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 15 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 96 IS 3 BP 1213 EP 1216 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 233RL UT WOS:000325587100071 ER PT J AU Wheeler, GS AF Wheeler, G. S. TI A FLORIDA DEFOLIATOR, NYSTALEA EBALEA (LEPIDOPTERA: NOTODONTIDAE), FOUND FEEDING ON BRAZILIAN PEPPERTREE SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material DE Schinus terebinthifolia; biological control of weeds; life history; exocrine glands ID MEGASTIGMUS-TRANSVAALENSIS HYMENOPTERA; SCHINUS-TEREBINTHIFOLIUS ANACARDIACEAE; SAPINDALES ANACARDIACEAE; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; SOUTH FLORIDA; TORYMIDAE C1 USDA ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. RP Wheeler, GS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, 3225 Coll Ave, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. EM Greg.Wheeler@ars.usda.gov NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 7 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 96 IS 3 BP 1228 EP 1230 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 233RL UT WOS:000325587100075 ER PT J AU Welch, KD Green, BT Panter, KE Pfister, JA Gardner, DR AF Welch, K. D. Green, B. T. Panter, K. E. Pfister, J. A. Gardner, D. R. TI The role of the alpha(7) subunit of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in the acute toxicosis of methyllycaconitine in mice SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE delphinium; larkspur; LD50; methyllycaconitine; anabasine; alpha(7) nAChR ID BUNGAROTOXIN BINDING-SITES; INDUCED LIVER-INJURY; ALKALOIDS; TOXICITY; EXPRESSION; ANABASINE; CURRENTS; STRAINS; BETA-2 AB The adverse physiological effects of methyllycaconitine (MLA) have been attributed to its competitive antagonism of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). Recent research suggested a correlation between the lethal dose (LD50) of MLA and the amount of 7 nAChR in various mouse strains, suggesting that mice with more 7 nAChR require more MLA to be poisoned. The objective of this study was to characterize the role of the 7 subunit in the acute toxicosis of MLA by evaluating the acute toxicity of MLA in mice lacking the 7 subunit. The LD50 values for MLA were 4.2 +/- 0.9, 3.7 +/- 1.1 and 3.3 +/- 0.9 mg kg-1 body weight (BW) for wild-type, heterozygous knockout and homozygous knockout mice, respectively. We also evaluated the response of anabasine in these mice. The LD50 values for anabasine were 1.6 +/- 0.3, 2.0 +/- 0.4 and 1.8 +/- 0.3 mg kg-1 BW for wild-type, heterozygous knockout and homozygous knockout mice, respectively. The protein expresson of various nAChR subunits was compared to determine if mice lacking the 7 subunit compensate by over expressing other nAChR subunits. There were no significant differences in the protein expression of the 3, 4, 5, 2 and 4 subunits amongst the three genotypes of mice in brain or skeletal muscle. The results of this study suggest that 7 nAChR does not play an integral role in the acute toxicosis of MLA or anabasine. Consequently other nAChR subunits of nAChRs found in the neuromuscular junction are probably the primary target for MLA and anabasine resulting in acute toxicosis. Published 2013. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Welch, K. D.; Green, B. T.; Panter, K. E.; Pfister, J. A.; Gardner, D. R.] ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, USDA, Logan, UT 84341 USA. RP Welch, KD (reprint author), ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, USDA, 1150 East 1400 North, Logan, UT 84341 USA. EM Kevin.Welch@ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0260-437X EI 1099-1263 J9 J APPL TOXICOL JI J. Appl. Toxicol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 33 IS 9 BP 1011 EP 1016 DI 10.1002/jat.2851 PG 6 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 238DZ UT WOS:000325923300018 PM 23296980 ER PT J AU Welch, KD Pfister, JA Gardner, DR Green, BT Panter, KE AF Welch, K. D. Pfister, J. A. Gardner, D. R. Green, B. T. Panter, K. E. TI The role of the alpha(7) subunit of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor on motor coordination in mice treated with methyllycaconitine and anabasine SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE delphinium; larkspur; motor coordination; methyllycaconitine; anabasine; Nicotiana; alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor; mice ID BUNGAROTOXIN BINDING-SITES; ALKALOIDS; TOXICITY; KNOCKOUT; TOBACCO; SENSITIVITY; ANTAGONISTS; EXPRESSION; PHENOTYPE; AGONISTS AB The adverse effects of methyllycaconitine (MLA) have been attributed to competitive antagonism of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR). Research has indicated a correlation between the LD50 of MLA and the amount of 7 nAChR in various mouse strains, suggesting that mice with more 7 nAChR require more MLA to be poisoned. However, recent research demonstrated that there was no difference in the acute lethality (LD50) to MLA in mice lacking the 7 nAChR subunit compared with wild-type mice. The objective of this study was to determine if the 7 nAChR subunit plays a role in motor coordination deficiencies that result from exposure to nAChR antagonists and agonists. We compared the motor function and coordination in wild-type mice to mice lacking the 7 subunit of the nAChR, after treating them with a non-lethal dose of MLA or anabasine, using the following tests: balance beam, grip strength, rotarod, open field and tremor monitor. Analysis of the data indicated that overall there was no difference between the wild-type and knockout mice (P=0.39 for grip strength; P=0.21 for rotarod; P=0.41 for balance beam; P=0.22 for open field; and P=0.62 for tremors). Thus results from this study suggest that 7 nAChR does not play an integral role in the acute effects of MLA or anabasine on motor function/coordination. Consequently other subunits of nAChRs found in the neuromuscular junction are likely the primary target for MLA and anabasine resulting in motor coordination deficiencies and acute toxicosis. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Welch, K. D.; Pfister, J. A.; Gardner, D. R.; Green, B. T.; Panter, K. E.] ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, USDA, Logan, UT 84341 USA. RP Welch, KD (reprint author), ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, USDA, 1150 East 1400 North, Logan, UT 84341 USA. EM Kevin.Welch@ars.usda.gov NR 43 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0260-437X EI 1099-1263 J9 J APPL TOXICOL JI J. Appl. Toxicol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 33 IS 9 BP 1017 EP 1026 DI 10.1002/jat.2894 PG 10 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 238DZ UT WOS:000325923300019 PM 23702881 ER PT J AU Pitts, SBJ Edwards, MB Moore, JB Shores, KA DuBose, KD McGranahan, D AF Pitts, Stephanie B. Jilcott Edwards, Michael B. Moore, Justin B. Shores, Kindal A. DuBose, Katrina Drowatzky McGranahan, David TI Obesity Is Inversely Associated With Natural Amenities and Recreation Facilities Per Capita SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & HEALTH LA English DT Article DE physical environment; rural; urban; park use; multi-level models ID PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; UNITED-STATES; ENVIRONMENT; POLICY; PREVALENCE; ACCESS; ADULTS; US AB Background: Little is known about the associations between natural amenities, recreation facility density, and obesity, at a national level. Therefore, the purpose of this paper was to examine associations between county-level natural amenities, density of recreation facilities, and obesity prevalence among United States counties. Methods: Data were obtained from a compilation of sources within the United States Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service Food Environment Atlas. Independent variables of interest were the natural amenities scale and recreation facilities per capita. The dependent variable was county-level obesity prevalence. Potential covariates included a measure of county-level percent Black residents, percent Hispanic residents, median age, and median household income. All models were stratified by population loss, persistent poverty, and metro status. Multilevel linear regression models were used to examine the association between obesity and natural amenities and recreation facilities, with "state" as a random effects second level variable. Results: There were statistically significant negative associations between percent obesity and 1) natural amenities and 2) recreation facilities per capita. Conclusions: Future research should examine environmental and policy changes to increase recreation facilities and enhance accessible natural amenities to decrease obesity rates. C1 [Pitts, Stephanie B. Jilcott] E Carolina Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Greenville, NC 27858 USA. [Edwards, Michael B.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Recreat Pk & Tourism Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Moore, Justin B.] Univ S Carolina, Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Promot Educ & Behav, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Shores, Kindal A.] E Carolina Univ, Dept Recreat & Leisure Studies, Greenville, NC USA. [DuBose, Katrina Drowatzky] E Carolina Univ, Dept Kinesiol, Greenville, NC USA. [McGranahan, David] Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC USA. RP Pitts, SBJ (reprint author), E Carolina Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Greenville, NC 27858 USA. NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, PO BOX 5076, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1543-3080 EI 1543-5474 J9 J PHYS ACT HEALTH JI J. Phys. Act. Health PD SEP PY 2013 VL 10 IS 7 BP 1032 EP 1038 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 232RD UT WOS:000325510800013 ER PT J AU Hoelzer, K Chen, Y Dennis, S Evans, P Pouillot, R Silk, BJ Walls, I AF Hoelzer, K. Chen, Y. Dennis, S. Evans, P. Pouillot, R. Silk, B. J. Walls, I. TI New Data, Strategies, and Insights for Listeria monocytogenes Dose-Response Models: Summary of an Interagency Workshop, 2011 SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE risk assessment; Dose-response; Listeria monocytogenes ID TO-EAT FOODS; QUANTITATIVE RISK-ASSESSMENT; NONHUMAN PRIMATE MODEL; PREGNANT GUINEA-PIGS; KNOCK-OUT MICE; INDUCED STILLBIRTHS; GENETIC-CONTROL; ANIMAL-MODELS; UNITED-STATES; A/J MICE AB Listeria monocytogenes is a leading cause of hospitalization, fetal loss, and death due to foodborne illnesses in the United States. A quantitative assessment of the relative risk of listeriosis associated with the consumption of 23 selected categories of ready-to-eat foods, published by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and the U.S. Department of Agriculture in 2003, has been instrumental in identifying the food products and practices that pose the greatest listeriosis risk and has guided the evaluation of potential intervention strategies. Dose-response models, which quantify the relationship between an exposure dose and the probability of adverse health outcomes, were essential components of the risk assessment. However, because of data gaps and limitations in the available data and modeling approaches, considerable uncertainty existed. Since publication of the risk assessment, new data have become available for modeling L. monocytogenes dose-response. At the same time, recent advances in the understanding of L. monocytogenes pathophysiology and strain diversity have warranted a critical reevaluation of the published dose-response models. To discuss strategies for modeling L. monocytogenes dose-response, the Interagency Risk Assessment Consortium (IRAC) and the Joint Institute for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (JIFSAN) held a scientific workshop in 2011 (details available at http://foodrisk.org/irac/events/). The main findings of the workshop and the most current and relevant data identified during the workshop are summarized and presented in the context of L. monocytogenes dose-response. This article also discusses new insights on dose-response modeling for L. monocytogenes and research opportunities to meet future needs. C1 [Hoelzer, K.; Chen, Y.; Dennis, S.; Evans, P.; Pouillot, R.] US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, College Pk, MD USA. [Evans, P.] US Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Microbiol Issues Branch, Off Publ Hlth Sci, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Silk, B. J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Walls, I.] Natl Inst Food & Agr, USDA, Washington, DC USA. RP Hoelzer, K (reprint author), US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr HFS 005, College Pk, MD USA. EM Karin.Hoelzer@fda.hhs.gov RI Pouillot, Regis/E-8103-2010; OI Pouillot, Regis/0000-0002-6107-5212; Walls, Isabel/0000-0002-9643-8845 FU Research Participation Program at the Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition; U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. Food and Drug Administration FX This work was supported, in part, by appointments to the Research Participation Program at the Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. NR 86 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0272-4332 EI 1539-6924 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 33 IS 9 BP 1568 EP 1581 DI 10.1111/risa.12005 PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA 217VV UT WOS:000324391400002 PM 23311571 ER PT J AU Yemshanov, D Koch, FH Ben-Haim, Y Downing, M Sapio, F Siltanen, M AF Yemshanov, Denys Koch, Frank H. Ben-Haim, Yakov Downing, Marla Sapio, Frank Siltanen, Marty TI A New Multicriteria Risk Mapping Approach Based on a Multiattribute Frontier Concept SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE pest risk mapping; multicriteria aggregation; robustness to uncertainty; Agrilus biguttatus; nondominant set; multiattribute efficient frontier ID DECISION-ANALYSIS; INFORMATION NEEDS; POINTS; SET; UNCERTAINTY; MANAGEMENT; DOMINANCE; MOISTURE; SYSTEM; CANADA AB Invasive species risk maps provide broad guidance on where to allocate resources for pest monitoring and regulation, but they often present individual risk components (such as climatic suitability, host abundance, or introduction potential) as independent entities. These independent risk components are integrated using various multicriteria analysis techniques that typically require prior knowledge of the risk components' importance. Such information is often nonexistent for many invasive pests. This study proposes a new approach for building integrated risk maps using the principle of a multiattribute efficient frontier and analyzing the partial order of elements of a risk map as distributed in multidimensional criteria space. The integrated risks are estimated as subsequent multiattribute frontiers in dimensions of individual risk criteria. We demonstrate the approach with the example of Agrilus biguttatus Fabricius, a high-risk pest that may threaten North American oak forests in the near future. Drawing on U.S. and Canadian data, we compare the performance of the multiattribute ranking against a multicriteria linear weighted averaging technique in the presence of uncertainties, using the concept of robustness from info-gap decision theory. The results show major geographic hotspots where the consideration of tradeoffs between multiple risk components changes integrated risk rankings. Both methods delineate similar geographical regions of high and low risks. Overall, aggregation based on a delineation of multiattribute efficient frontiers can be a useful tool to prioritize risks for anticipated invasive pests, which usually have an extremely poor prior knowledge base. C1 [Yemshanov, Denys; Siltanen, Marty] Nat Resources Canada, Great Lakes Forestry Ctr, Canadian Forest Serv, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada. [Koch, Frank H.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Ben-Haim, Yakov] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Fac Mech Engn, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. [Downing, Marla; Sapio, Frank] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Hlth Technol Enterprise Team, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Yemshanov, D (reprint author), Nat Resources Canada, Great Lakes Forestry Ctr, Canadian Forest Serv, 1219 Queen St East, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada. EM dyemshan@nrcan.gc.ca OI Koch, Frank/0000-0002-3750-4507 FU USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Asheville, NC [09-JV-11330146-088]; North Carolina State University FX The authors extend their gratitude and thanks to Michael Tuffly (formerly with USDA Forest Service FHTET) for help with generating GIS data for the United States, Tedd Hogg, and David Price (Natural Resources Canada) for help with calculating the Canadian CMI index. The participation of Frank Koch was supported by Research Joint Venture Agreement #09-JV-11330146-088 between the USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Asheville, NC and North Carolina State University. NR 77 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 23 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0272-4332 EI 1539-6924 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 33 IS 9 BP 1694 EP 1709 DI 10.1111/risa.12013 PG 16 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA 217VV UT WOS:000324391400011 PM 23339716 ER PT J AU Rault, JL Mack, LA Carter, CS Garner, JP Marchant-Forde, JN Richert, BT Lay, DC AF Rault, Jean-Loup Mack, Laurie A. Carter, C. Sue Garner, Joseph P. Marchant-Forde, Jeremy N. Richert, Brian T. Lay, Donald C., Jr. TI Prenatal stress puzzle, the oxytocin piece: Prenatal stress alters the behaviour and autonomic regulation in piglets, insights from oxytocin SO APPLIED ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Oxytocin; Prenatal stress; Offspring; Social; Behaviour; Heart rate ID PITUITARY-ADRENAL AXIS; HEART-RATE-VARIABILITY; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; SOCIAL STRESS; PREGNANT SOWS; FARM-ANIMALS; HUMAN BRAIN; ANXIETY; RESPONSES; PIGS AB Developmental changes in response to prenatal stressors (PNS) can result in anxiety and abnormal social development in the offspring. Oxytocin (OT) reduces anxiety, whereas OT deficiencies are associated with social behaviour deficits. Hence, we hypothesized that OT could reverse some of the PNS effects. Female offspring from three socially stressed (PNS 35-56 days of gestation) and three control sows were tested at 18 days of age. In each litter, two piglets received 24 IU of OT intranasally and two piglets received saline as a control treatment. After 45 min, each piglet was isolated for 15 min in a separate room. The PNS piglets displayed fewer alert behaviours during social isolation than control piglets (saline-control: 93.6 +/- 0.2, OT-control: 82.5 +/- 0.2, saline-PNS: 52.0 +/- 0.2, and OT-PNS piglets: 67.8 +/- 0.2). All other behavioural differences were the result of the administration of OT to PNS piglets, which reestablished a few behavioural changes such as the time spent standing in PNS piglets, with OT-PNS piglets standing more than saline-PNS piglets (77.8 +/- 6.7 s vs. 57.1 +/- 6.7 s respectively), and as much as saline- and OT-controls (76.7 +/- 6.7 s and 70.0 +/- 6.7 s respectively). Furthermore, saline-PNS piglets spent more time sitting than control piglets, and OT reversed this effect in OT-PNS piglets, with OT-PNS piglets sitting no more than controls. Prenatal stress and the administration of OT interacted in their effect on the heart rate, with OT-control and PNS piglets (saline or OT) having lower mean heart rate than saline-control piglets (saline-control: 168 +/- 4, OT-control: 159 +/- 4, saline-PNS: 146 +/- 5, and OT-PNS piglets: 149 +/- 5). Neither PNS nor OT administration influenced the RMSSD of the heart rate. In conclusion, these preliminary results suggest that social stress in mid-gestation results in some behavioural differences and alters the development of the autonomic nervous system in the sow's offspring, in this case female offspring. Exogenous OT administration reversed some behavioural changes, suggesting a common physiological basis. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Rault, Jean-Loup; Mack, Laurie A.; Garner, Joseph P.; Richert, Brian T.] Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Carter, C. Sue] Univ Illinois, Dept Psychiat, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Marchant-Forde, Jeremy N.; Lay, Donald C., Jr.] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Rault, JL (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Sch Land & Environm, Anim Welf Sci Ctr, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. EM raultj@unimelb.edu.au OI Marchant-Forde, Jeremy/0000-0002-5287-2914 FU United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Services FX This research was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Services. This funding agency had no further role in the study design, collection, analysis and interpretation of data, the writing of the report or in the decision to submit the paper for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). USDA prohibits discrimination in all its programmes and activities on the basis of race, colour, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance programme. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programmes.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of programme information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA's TARGET Centre at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 71 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1591 EI 1872-9045 J9 APPL ANIM BEHAV SCI JI Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 148 IS 1-2 BP 99 EP 107 DI 10.1016/j.applanim.2013.07.001 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Behavioral Sciences; Veterinary Sciences SC Agriculture; Behavioral Sciences; Veterinary Sciences GA 234SE UT WOS:000325663800012 ER PT J AU Miller, N Al-Dobai, S Legaspi, J Sivinski, J AF Miller, Neil Al-Dobai, Shoki Legaspi, Jesusa Sivinski, John TI Estimating attraction of Syrphidae (Diptera) to flowering plants with interception traps SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE malaise trap; biological control; predator; Aphididae; hoverfly ID ESTIMATING FLORAL ATTRACTIVENESS; MICHIGAN NATIVE PLANTS; HOVERFLIES DIPTERA; EPISYRPHUS-BALTEATUS; TACHINIDAE DIPTERA; NATURAL ENEMIES; CULTIVATED LAND; NEW-ZEALAND; MORPHOLOGY; HERBIVORES AB Syrphidae with predaceous larvae are important predators of aphids and other insects and can be attracted and maintained in agricultural environments by the addition of flowering plants. Malaise interception traps baited with moveable flowering plants are a novel means of surveying for attractive species and can have the advantages of: (1) homogenising experimental site and plant quality, (2) portability, (3) continuous sampling, (4) capacity to simultaneously capture a broad range of insects (including pests) and (5) no requirement for additional sensory cues to be effective. Six of the 10 species of plants tested were relatively attractive (number of syrphids captured in flower-traps/numbers captured in no plant controls). While flower-traps captured more syrphid species than their associated controls, there were no differences between flower-traps and controls in the sizes (head height) or proboscis lengths of the flies collected. There were no significant relationships between relative attractiveness and flower width or depth or with plant height and floral area. Similarly, mean proboscis length of flies taken in flower-baited traps was not correlated with flower width or depth. The absence of the latter relationship may be due to the inability of an interception trap to distinguish between attraction and attraction-then-feeding. C1 [Miller, Neil; Legaspi, Jesusa; Sivinski, John] ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL USA. [Al-Dobai, Shoki] Minist Agr & Irrigat, Gen Directorate Plant Protect, Sanaa, Yemen. RP Sivinski, J (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL USA. EM john.sivinski@ars.usda.gov NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 29 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 EI 1360-0478 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PD SEP 1 PY 2013 VL 23 IS 9 BP 1040 EP 1052 DI 10.1080/09583157.2013.813907 PG 13 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 217NM UT WOS:000324366200003 ER PT J AU Santos-Silva, A Komiya, Z Nearns, EH AF Santos-Silva, Antonio Komiya, Ziro Nearns, Eugenio H. TI REVISION OF THE GENUS PRIONACALUS WHITE, 1845 (COLEOPTERA: CERAMBYCIDAE: PRIONINAE: PRIONINI) SO COLEOPTERISTS BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE lectotype; longhorn beetles; South America; synonymy; taxonomy AB Prionacalus White, 1845, a genus restricted to western South America from Colombia to northern Argentina, is revised. Of the 15 species currently described, seven are considered as distinct and redescribed herein. The following five new synonymies are proposed: Prionacalus gunteri Gahan, 1894 is removed from synonymy with Prionacalus buckleyi Waterhouse, 1872 and proposed as a new synonym of Prionacalus cacicus (White, 1845); Prionacalus simonsi Waterhouse, 1900 is a new synonym of Prionacalus atys White, 1850; Prionacalus giovannii Hudepohl, 1985 is a new synonym of Prionacalus whymperi Bates, 1892; Prionacalus trigonodes Bates, 1892, currently a synonym of P. buckleyi, is proposed as a new synonym of P. whymperi; and P. buckleyi is a new synonym of Prionacalus iphis White, 1850. The following earlier synonymies are accepted: Prionacalus emmae Kolbe, 1902 and Prionacalus whitei Waterhouse, 1900 are synonyms of P. buckleyi (and consequently, synonyms of P. iphis); syntype female of Psalidognathus wallisi Taschenberg, 1870 is a synonym of P. cacicus. Waterhouse (1872) is considered the author of the designation of the lectotype for Prionacalus iphis. The designation of a lectotype for P. whymperi by Quentin and Villiers is considered invalid. Lectotypes are designated for P. whymperi, P. buckleyi, and Prionacalus uniformis Waterhouse, 1900. A key to species is provided and all species are figured. C1 [Santos-Silva, Antonio] Univ Sao Paulo, Museu Zool, BR-04218970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Nearns, Eugenio H.] USDA, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Santos-Silva, A (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Museu Zool, Caixa Postal 42-494, BR-04218970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. EM toncriss@uol.com.br; z-com321@eurus.dti.ne.jp; gino@nearns.com RI Museu de Zoologia da USP, MZ-USP/Q-2192-2016 NR 66 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU COLEOPTERISTS SOC PI ATHENS PA UNIV GEORGIA, 413 BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES BUILDING, ATHENS, GA 30602-2603 USA SN 0010-065X EI 1938-4394 J9 COLEOPTS BULL JI Coleopt. Bull. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 67 IS 3 BP 201 EP 240 PG 40 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 235HJ UT WOS:000325707600001 ER PT J AU Chang, PK Scharfenstein, LL Li, P Ehrlich, KC AF Chang, Perng-Kuang Scharfenstein, Leslie L. Li, Ping Ehrlich, Kenneth C. TI Aspergillus flavus VelB acts distinctly from VeA in conidiation and may coordinate with FluG to modulate sclerotial production SO FUNGAL GENETICS AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aspergillus flavus; Aflatoxin biosynthesis; Conidiation; fluG; Sclerotia; Velvet complex ID SECONDARY METABOLISM; ASEXUAL DEVELOPMENT; MYCOTOXIN PRODUCTION; AFLATOXIN PRODUCTION; SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT; GENE CLUSTERS; NIDULANS; VIRULENCE; SPORULATION; LAEA AB The proteins VeA, VelB and LaeA of Aspergillus nidulans form a heterotrimeric complex (the velvet complex) in the dark to coordinate sexual development and production of some secondary metabolites. VeA and VelB of A. nidulans and Aspergillus fumigatus also are repressors of conidiation, but VeA of Aspergillus flavus in studied strains acts positively on conidiation. In the present study, we show via yeast-two hybrid assays that interactions among A. flavus VeA, VelB, and LaeA are conserved as in the A. nidulans velvet complex. We found that FluG, which is required for conidiophore formation in A. nidulans but whose deletion in A. flavus delays onset of conidiation, was probably an interacting partner of VelB. Deletion of velB in A. flavus CA14 severely impaired conidiation in the dark although to a lesser extent than deletion of veA. In both mutants fluG deletion resulted in further decreased conidiation even in the light. Deletion of fluG in the Delta laeA strain, however, did not affect conidiation. All mutant types were unable to produce aflatoxin and sclerotia. Cross-complementation of the Delta velB strain with gpdA::veA restored conidiation but not aflatoxin production although aflR, the aflatoxin pathway regulatory gene, was expressed at a normal level. Cross-complementation of the Delta veA strain with gpdA::velB failed to restore conidiation and aflatoxin production. The Delta velB strain complemented with or a wild type transformed by gpdA::velB had elevated sclerotial production as the Delta fluG strain. Concerted interactions of A. flavus VeA and VelB with LaeA are critical for conidiation and aflatoxin biosynthesis. VelB may have a dual role and likely coordinates with FluG to modulate sclerotial production. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Chang, Perng-Kuang; Scharfenstein, Leslie L.; Li, Ping; Ehrlich, Kenneth C.] ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Chang, PK (reprint author), ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM perngkuang.chang@ars.usda.gov NR 43 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 4 U2 18 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1087-1845 EI 1096-0937 J9 FUNGAL GENET BIOL JI Fungal Genet. Biol. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 58-59 BP 71 EP 79 DI 10.1016/j.fgb.2013.08.009 PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity; Mycology SC Genetics & Heredity; Mycology GA 235QY UT WOS:000325737000008 PM 23994319 ER PT J AU Griffis, TJ Lee, X Baker, JM Russelle, MP Zhang, X Venterea, R Millet, DB AF Griffis, T. J. Lee, X. Baker, J. M. Russelle, M. P. Zhang, X. Venterea, R. Millet, D. B. TI Reconciling the differences between top-down and bottom-up estimates of nitrous oxide emissions for the US Corn Belt SO GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES LA English DT Article DE nitrous oxide; nitrogen cycle; agriculture; emission factors; U; S; Corn Belt; greenhouse gas mitigation ID EQUILIBRIUM BOUNDARY-LAYER; AGRICULTURAL FIELDS; HEADWATER STREAMS; EDDY COVARIANCE; N2O EMISSIONS; CO2 FLUX; SOIL; DENITRIFICATION; UNCERTAINTIES; NETWORKS AB Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a greenhouse gas with a large global warming potential and is a major cause of stratospheric ozone depletion. Croplands are the dominant source of N2O, but mitigation strategies have been limited by the large uncertainties in both direct and indirect emission factors (EFs) implemented in bottom-up emission inventories. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) recommends EFs ranging from 0.75% to 2% of the anthropogenic nitrogen (N) input for the various N2O pathways in croplands. Consideration of the global N budget yields a much higher EF ranging between 3.8% and 5.1% of the anthropogenic N input. Here we use 2years of hourly high-precision N2O concentration measurements on a very tall tower to evaluate the IPCC bottom-up and global top-down EFs for a large representative subsection of the United States Corn Belt, a vast region spanning the U.S. Midwest that is dominated by intensive N inputs to support corn cultivation. Scaling up these results indicates that agricultural sources in the Corn Belt released 42050Gg N (mean 1 standard deviation; 1Gg =10(9) g) in 2010, in close agreement with the top-down estimate of 35050Gg N and 80% larger than the bottom-up estimate based on the IPCC EFs (230 180Gg N). The large difference between the tall tower measurement and the bottom-up estimate implies the existence of N2O emission hot spots or missing sources within the landscape that are not fully accounted for in the IPCC and other bottom-up emission inventories. Reconciling these differences is an important step toward developing a practical mitigation strategy for N2O. C1 [Griffis, T. J.; Baker, J. M.; Russelle, M. P.; Venterea, R.; Millet, D. B.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Lee, X.] Yale Univ, Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Lee, X.] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Yale NUIST Ctr Atmospher Environm, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Baker, J. M.; Russelle, M. P.; Venterea, R.] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Zhang, X.] Princeton Univ, Woodrow Wilson Sch Publ & Int Affairs, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Griffis, TJ (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM timgriffis@umn.edu; xuhui.lee@yale.edu RI Venterea, Rodney/A-3930-2009; Griffis, Timothy/A-5707-2011; Millet, Dylan/G-5832-2012; Zhang, Xin/K-8264-2016 OI Zhang, Xin/0000-0003-1619-1537 FU United States Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture [NIFA/2010-65112-20528]; Ministry of Education of China (PCSIRT); Viola Fund of New York FX This research was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA/2010-65112-20528), the Ministry of Education of China (PCSIRT) and the Viola Fund of New York. We thank Matt Erickson, Joel Fassbinder, Bill Breiter, Peter Turner, and Natalie Schultz for their help in maintaining the field measurements. We also acknowledge Minnesota Public Radio (KCMP 89.3, "The Current") and Tom Nelson for providing logistical support for this project. Finally, we thank the Dietz Brothers climbing crew for installing and maintaining our instrumentation on the KCMP tower. NR 51 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 72 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0886-6236 EI 1944-9224 J9 GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEM CY JI Glob. Biogeochem. Cycle PD SEP PY 2013 VL 27 IS 3 BP 746 EP 754 DI 10.1002/gbc.20066 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 232JA UT WOS:000325488600012 ER PT J AU Polley, HW Briske, DD Morgan, JA Wolter, K Bailey, DW Brown, JR AF Polley, H. Wayne Briske, David D. Morgan, Jack A. Wolter, Klaus Bailey, Derek W. Brown, Joel R. TI Climate Change and North American Rangelands: Trends, Projections, and Implications SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE atmospheric CO2; atmospheric warming; climate variability; greenhouse gases; livestock production; precipitation patterns ID ELEVATED ATMOSPHERIC CO2; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE ECOSYSTEM; ALTERS SPECIES COMPOSITION; CARBON-DIOXIDE ENRICHMENT; CENTRAL GRASSLAND REGION; CHANGE-TYPE DROUGHT; SHORTGRASS STEPPE; GLOBAL-CHANGE; SEMIARID GRASSLAND; BIOMASS PRODUCTION AB The amplified "greenhouse effect" associated with increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases has increased atmospheric temperature by 1 degrees C since industrialization (around 1750), and it is anticipated to cause an additional 2 degrees C increase by midcentury. Increased biospheric warming is also projected to modify the amount and distribution of annual precipitation and increase the occurrence of both drought and heat waves. The ecological consequences of climate change will vary substantially among ecoregions because of regional differences in antecedent environmental conditions; the rate and magnitude of change in the primary climate change drivers, including elevated carbon dioxide (CO2), warming and precipitation modification; and nonadditive effects among climate drivers. Elevated atmospheric CO2 will directly stimulate plant growth and reduce negative effects of drying in a warmer climate by increasing plant water use efficiency; however, the CO2 effect is mediated by environmental conditions, especially soil water availability. Warming and drying are anticipated to reduce soil water availability, net primary productivity, and other ecosystem processes in the southern Great Plains, the Southwest, and northern Mexico, but warmer and generally wetter conditions will likely enhance these processes in the northern Plains and southern Canada. The Northwest will warm considerably, but annual precipitation is projected to change little despite a large decrease in summer precipitation. Reduced winter snowpack and earlier snowmelt will affect hydrology and riparian systems in the Northwest. Specific consequences of climate change will be numerous and varied and include modifications to forage quantity and quality and livestock production systems, soil C content, fire regimes, livestock metabolism, and plant community composition and species distributions, including range contraction and expansion of invasive species. Recent trends and model projections indicate continued directional change and increasing variability in climate that will substantially affect the provision of ecosystem services on North American rangelands. C1 [Polley, H. Wayne] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Briske, David D.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Morgan, Jack A.] USDA ARS, Crops Res Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Wolter, Klaus] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Bailey, Derek W.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Anim & Range Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Brown, Joel R.] New Mexico State Univ, USDA NRCS Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Polley, HW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, 808 E Blackland Rd, Temple, TX 76502 USA. EM wayne.polley@ars.usda.gov RI Wolter, Klaus/D-5988-2015 NR 210 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 18 U2 182 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 EI 1551-5028 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 66 IS 5 BP 493 EP 511 DI 10.2111/REM-D-12-00068.1 PG 19 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 229BU UT WOS:000325237600001 ER PT J AU Joyce, LA Briske, DD Brown, JR Polley, HW McCarl, BA Bailey, DW AF Joyce, Linda A. Briske, David D. Brown, Joel R. Polley, H. Wayne McCarl, Bruce A. Bailey, Derek W. TI Climate Change and North American Rangelands: Assessment of Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE carbon sequestration; land change science; social-ecological systems; social learning; sustainability; transformation ID SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS; CARBON SEQUESTRATION; UNITED-STATES; SOIL CARBON; ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGE; TEMPERATE SAVANNA; TROPICAL SAVANNA; MESIC GRASSLAND; CATTLE; ECOSYSTEM AB Recent climatic trends and climate model projections indicate that climate change will modify rangeland ecosystem functions and the services and livelihoods that they provision. Recent history has demonstrated that climatic variability has a strong influence on both ecological and social components of rangeland systems and that these systems possess substantial capacity to adapt to climatic variability. Specific objectives of this synthesis are to: 1) evaluate options to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and future climate change; 2) survey actions that individuals, enterprises, and social organizations can use to adapt to climate change; and 3) assess options for system transformation when adaptation is no longer sufficient to contend with climate change. Mitigation for carbon sequestration does not appear economically viable, given the small and highly variable carbon dioxide fluxes of rangeland ecosystems and the high transaction costs that would be incurred. In contrast, adaptation strategies are numerous and provide a means to manage risks associated with climate change. Adaptation strategies are diverse, including altered risk perception by individuals, greater flexibility of production enterprises, and modifications to social organizations that emphasize climatic variability, rather than consistency. Many adaptations represent "no regrets" actions because their implementation can be justified without emphasis on pending climate change. Adaptations specific to livestock production systems can include flexible herd management, alternative livestock breeds or species, innovative pest management, modified enterprise structures, and geographic relocation. Social-ecological systems in which adaptation is insufficient to counter the adverse consequences of climate change might undergo transformative change to produce alternative ecosystem services, production enterprises, and livelihoods. The rangeland profession is in a pivotal position to provide leadership on this global challenge because it represents the intersection of management and scientific knowledge, includes diverse stakeholders who derive their livelihoods from rangelands, and interacts with organizations responsible for rangeland stewardship. C1 [Joyce, Linda A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Human Dimens Res Program, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Briske, David D.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Brown, Joel R.] New Mexico State Univ, USDA NRCS Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Polley, H. Wayne] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [McCarl, Bruce A.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Agr Econ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Bailey, Derek W.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Anim & Range Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Joyce, LA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 240 West Prospect, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM ljoyce@fs.fed.us NR 150 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 10 U2 84 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 EI 1551-5028 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 66 IS 5 BP 512 EP 528 DI 10.2111/REM-D-12-00142.1 PG 17 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 229BU UT WOS:000325237600002 ER PT J AU Strong, DJ Vermeire, LT Ganguli, AC AF Strong, Dustin J. Vermeire, Lance T. Ganguli, Amy C. TI Fire and Nitrogen Effects on Purple Threeawn (Aristide purpurea) Abundance in Northern Mixed-Grass Prairie Old Fields SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Aristida; grassland; nitrogen amendments; prescribed burning; restoration ID GREAT-PLAINS; CRESTED WHEATGRASS; SUMMER FIRE; NATURAL REVEGETATION; SHORTGRASS STEPPE; SOIL; SUCCESSION; TEXAS; FERTILIZATION; DEFOLIATION AB Purple threeawn (Aristida purpurea Nutt. varieties) is a native grass capable of increasing on rangelands, forming near monocultures, and creating a stable state. Productive rangelands throughout the Great Plains and Intermountain West have experienced increases in purple threeawn abundance, reducing overall forage quality. Our objectives were to 1) reveal the effects of prescribed fire and nitrogen amendments on purple threeawn abundance and 2) assess nontarget plant response posttreatment. Season of fire (no fire, summer fire, fall fire) and nitrogen addition (0 kg N.ha(-1), 46 kg N.ha(-1), and 80 kg N.ha(-1)) were factorially arranged in a completely randomized design and applied to two similar sites in southeastern Montana. We evaluated fire and nitrogen effects on purple threeawn basal cover, relative composition, and current-year biomass one growing season postfire at two sites treated during different years. Spring weather following fire treatments was very different between years and subsequently impacted community response. Initial purple threeawn biomass at both sites was 1214 +/- 46 kg.ha(-1) SEc. When postfire growing conditions were wet, current-year biomass of purple threeawn was reduced 90% and 73% with summer and fall fire, respectively. Under dry postfire growing conditions, purple threeawn current-year biomass was reduced 73% and 58% with summer and fall fire, respectively. Nitrogen additions had no effect on purple threeawn currentyear biomass at either site. Current-year biomass of C-3 perennial grass doubled with nitrogen additions and was not impacted by fire during a wet spring. Nitrogen additions and fire had no effect on C-3 perennial grass current-year biomass following a dry spring. Prescribed fire appears to be a highly effective tool for reducing purple threeawn abundance on semiarid rangelands, with limited detrimental impacts to nontarget species. C1 [Strong, Dustin J.; Vermeire, Lance T.] USDA ARS, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. [Ganguli, Amy C.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Anim & Range Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Strong, DJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, 243 Ft Keogh Rd, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. EM Dustin.Strong@ars.usda.gov RI Ganguli, Amy/J-3342-2014 OI Ganguli, Amy/0000-0003-3960-1404 FU Bureau of Land Management (BLM) FX The authors thank Nick Dufek, Morgan Russell, Marnie Rout, Bernadette Garber, and Kylie Jeffers for assistance in the field and laboratory. The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) provided major funding and logistical support. The Miles City BLM fire crews conducted prescribed fires. Jesse Hankins was liaison for the BLM. We appreciate the Larry Jens and Steve Tibbetts families for their cooperation. NR 53 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 7 U2 29 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 EI 1551-5028 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 66 IS 5 BP 553 EP 560 DI 10.2111/REM-D-13-00030.1 PG 8 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 229BU UT WOS:000325237600006 ER PT J AU Dunn, GH Gutwein, M Green, TR Menger, A Printz, J AF Dunn, Gale H. Gutwein, Megan Green, Timothy R. Menger, Ashley Printz, Jeff TI The Drought Calculator: Decision Support Tool for Predicting Forage Growth During Drought SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE cross validation; forage; precipitation; rangeland drought; stocking decisions ID MIXED-GRASS PRAIRIE; PEAK STANDING CROP; ECOSYSTEM PROCESSES; SOIL-MOISTURE; MANAGEMENT; PRECIPITATION; VARIABILITY; ACCURACY; CLIMATE; MODELS AB The Drought Calculator (DC), a spreadsheet-based decision support tool, was developed to help ranchers and range managers predict reductions in forage production due to drought. Forage growth potential (FGP), the fraction of historical average production, is predicted as a weighted average of monthly precipitation from January through June. We calibrated and evaluated the DC tool in the Great Plains of the United States, using FGP and precipitation data from Colorado (CO), North Dakota (ND), and Wyoming (WY). In CO, FGP was most sensitive to precipitation in April and May, in ND to precipitation in April and June, and in WY to precipitation in April, May, and June. Weights in these months ranged from 0.16 to 0.52. Prediction was better for CO and WY than for ND. When January June precipitation was used, the tool correctly predicted 83% of the years with FGP reduced by drought for CO, 82% for WY, and only 67% for ND. Positive values of the True Skill Statistic (0.53 for CO, 0.42 for WY, and 0.17 for ND) indicate that FGP was classified as above or below average better than random selection. Predicting FGP earlier than April in CO and WY will require accurate forecasts of April June precipitation. Use of the DC is most limited by insufficient forage data to determine the site-specific relationships between FGP and monthly precipitation. Even so, the decision tool is useful for discriminating drought effects on FGP classification being above or below the long-term average, and it provides a quantitative prediction to producers for their destocking decisions in drought years. C1 [Dunn, Gale H.; Gutwein, Megan; Green, Timothy R.] USDA ARS, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Menger, Ashley] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80524 USA. [Printz, Jeff] USDA NRCS, Bismarck, ND 58502 USA. RP Green, TR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM Tim.Green@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-Risk Management Agency; National Science Foundation Long Term Ecological Research program (NSF) [DEB-0823405] FX Research was funded in part by the USDA-Risk Management Agency.; Data sets for Colorado site were provided by the Shortgrass Steppe Long Term Ecological Research group, a partnership between Colorado State University, the US Department of Agriculture, the Agricultural Research Service, and the U.S. Forest Service Pawnee National Grassland. Significant funding for these data was provided by the National Science Foundation Long Term Ecological Research program (NSF Grant DEB-0823405). NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 13 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 EI 1551-5028 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 66 IS 5 BP 570 EP 578 DI 10.2111/REM-D-12-00087.1 PG 9 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 229BU UT WOS:000325237600008 ER PT J AU Faburay, B Wilson, W McVey, DS Drolet, BS Weingartl, H Madden, D Young, A Ma, WJ Richt, JA AF Faburay, Bonto Wilson, William McVey, D. Scott Drolet, Barbara S. Weingartl, Hana Madden, Daniel Young, Alan Ma, Wenjun Richt, Juergen A. TI Rift Valley Fever Virus Structural and Nonstructural Proteins: Recombinant Protein Expression and Immunoreactivity Against Antisera from Sheep SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Rift Valley fever virus; Structural proteins; Nonstructural proteins; Immunoreactivity profiles; Sheep ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; INDIRECT ELISA; NUCLEOCAPSID PROTEIN; DOMESTIC RUMINANTS; VECTOR COMPETENCE; ANTIBODY-RESPONSE; IGM ANTIBODIES; TOSCANA VIRUS; N-PROTEIN AB The Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) encodes the structural proteins nucleoprotein (N), aminoterminal glycoprotein (Gn), carboxyterminal glycoprotein (Gc), and L protein, 78-kD, and the nonstructural proteins NSm and NSs. Using the baculovirus system, we expressed the full-length coding sequence of N, NSs, NSm, Gc, and the ectodomain of the coding sequence of the Gn glycoprotein derived from the virulent strain of RVFV ZH548. Western blot analysis using anti-His antibodies and monoclonal antibodies against Gn and N confirmed expression of the recombinant proteins, and in vitro biochemical analysis showed that the two glycoproteins, Gn and Gc, were expressed in glycosylated form. Immunoreactivity profiles of the recombinant proteins in western blot and in indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay against a panel of antisera obtained from vaccinated or wild type (RVFV)-challenged sheep confirmed the results obtained with anti-His antibodies and demonstrated the suitability of the baculo-expressed antigens for diagnostic assays. In addition, these recombinant proteins could be valuable for the development of diagnostic methods that differentiate infected from vaccinated animals (DIVA). C1 [Faburay, Bonto; Madden, Daniel; Ma, Wenjun; Richt, Juergen A.] Kansas State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Diagnost Med Pathobiol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Wilson, William; McVey, D. Scott; Drolet, Barbara S.] ARS, USDA, Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Unit, Manhattan, KS USA. [Weingartl, Hana] Canadian Food Inspect Serv, Natl Ctr Foreign Anim Dis, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. [Weingartl, Hana] Univ Manitoba, Dept Med Microbiol, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. [Young, Alan] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Vet & Biomed Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. RP Richt, JA (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Diagnost Med Pathobiol, 1800 Denison Ave,Mosier Hall K-224, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM jricht@vet.k-state.edu FU Department of Homeland Security Center of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases (CEEZAD) [2010-ST061-AG0001]; Kansas Bioscience Authority; USDA Agricultural Research Service [5430-050-005-00D] FX The authors thank Dr. Connie W. Schmaljohn, the United States Army Medical Research Institute for Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), for providing the RVFV M segment plasmid and the monoclonal antibodies to Gn and N proteins. We thank Dr. Friedman Weber, University of Marburg, for providing the RVFV S segment plasmid. We thank Dr. Bhupinder Bawa, Kansas State University, for his overall support and Mark Minihan of Kansas State University Biosecurity Research Institute for the animal care. This work was funded by grants of the Department of Homeland Security Center of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases (CEEZAD), Grant No. 2010-ST061-AG0001, the Kansas Bioscience Authority and the USDA Agricultural Research Service project 5430-050-005-00D. NR 70 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 11 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 EI 1557-7759 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD SEP 1 PY 2013 VL 13 IS 9 BP 619 EP 629 DI 10.1089/vbz.2012.1285 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 217VF UT WOS:000324389500002 PM 23962238 ER PT J AU Berentsen, AR Dunbar, MR Becker, MS M'soka, J Droge, E Sakuya, NM Matandiko, W McRobb, R Hanlon, CA AF Berentsen, Are R. Dunbar, Mike R. Becker, Matthew S. M'soka, Jassiel Droge, Egil Sakuya, Nicholas M. Matandiko, Wigganson McRobb, Rachel Hanlon, Cathleen A. TI Rabies, Canine Distemper, and Canine Parvovirus Exposure in Large Carnivore Communities from Two Zambian Ecosystems SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Canine distemper virus; Canine parvovirus; Carnivores; Rabies; Zambia ID AFRICAN WILD DOGS; HYENAS CROCUTA-CROCUTA; MARA NATIONAL RESERVE; LIONS PANTHERA-LEO; LYCAON-PICTUS; DOMESTIC DOGS; MASAI-MARA; VIRUS-INFECTION; SPOTTED HYENAS; SERENGETI ECOSYSTEM AB Disease transmission within and among wild and domestic carnivores can have significant impacts on populations, particularly for threatened and endangered species. We used serology to evaluate potential exposure to rabies virus, canine distemper virus (CDV), and canine parvovirus (CPV) for populations of African lions (Panthera leo), African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus), and spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta) in Zambia's South Luangwa National Park (SLNP) and Liuwa Plain National Park (LPNP) as well as community lands bordering these areas. In addition, domestic dogs in the study region were evaluated for exposure to CDV and rabies. We provide the first comprehensive disease exposure data for these species in these ecosystems. Twenty-one lions, 20 hyenas, 13 wild dogs, and 38 domestic dogs were sampled across both regions from 2009 to 2011. Laboratory results show 10.5% of domestic dogs, 5.0% of hyenas, and 7.7% of wild dogs sampled were positive for CDV exposure. All lions were negative. Exposure to CPV was 10.0% and 4.8% for hyenas and lions, respectively. All wild dogs were negative, and domestic dogs were not tested due to insufficient serum samples. All species sampled were negative for rabies virus neutralizing antibodies except lions. Forty percent of lions tested positive for rabies virus neutralizing antibodies. Because these lions appeared clinically healthy, this finding is consistent with seroconversion following exposure to rabies antigen. To our knowledge, this finding represents the first ever documentation of rabies virus neutralizing antibodies consistent with rabies exposure that did not lead to clinical disease in free-ranging African lions from this region. With ever-increasing human pressure on these ecosystems, understanding disease transmission dynamics is essential for proper management and conservation of these carnivore species. C1 [Berentsen, Are R.; Dunbar, Mike R.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Becker, Matthew S.; M'soka, Jassiel; Droge, Egil; Matandiko, Wigganson] Zambian Carnivore Programme, Mfuwe, Zambia. [Becker, Matthew S.] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [M'soka, Jassiel; Matandiko, Wigganson] Zambia Wildlife Author, Chilanga, Zambia. [Sakuya, Nicholas M.] Dept Vet & Livestock Dev, Kalabo, Zambia. [McRobb, Rachel] South Luangwa Conservat Soc, Mfuwe, Zambia. [Hanlon, Cathleen A.] Kansas State Univ, Rabies Lab, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Berentsen, AR (reprint author), USDA APHIS WS Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM are.r.berentsen@aphis.usda.gov FU Worldwide Fund for Nature-Netherlands; African Parks Network; Painted Dog Conservation Inc.; Royal Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals FX The authors thank the Zambia Wildlife Authority and Department of Veterinary and Livestock Development for their permission and collaboration in this research. Funding for SLNP and LPNP work was provided from Worldwide Fund for Nature-Netherlands, African Parks Network, Painted Dog Conservation Inc., and the Royal Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. We thank P. Bouley, C. Chirwa, C. Harrison, J. Lemon, T. Mweetwa, C. Mulipukwa, F. Otten, and E. Rosenblatt for field assistance. NR 58 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 14 U2 65 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 EI 1557-7759 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD SEP 1 PY 2013 VL 13 IS 9 BP 643 EP 649 DI 10.1089/vbz.2012.1233 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 217VF UT WOS:000324389500005 PM 23805791 ER PT J AU Gaskin, JF Schwarzlander, M Kinter, CL Smith, JF Novak, SJ AF Gaskin, John F. Schwarzlaender, Mark Kinter, C. Lynn Smith, James F. Novak, Stephen J. TI PROPAGULE PRESSURE, GENETIC STRUCTURE, AND GEOGRAPHIC ORIGINS OF CHONDRILLA JUNCEA (ASTERACEAE): AN APOMICTIC INVADER ON THREE CONTINENTS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE AFLPs; Asteraceae; biological control; Chondrilla juncea; invasive; origins; propagule pressure; rush skeletonweed; weed ID BROMUS-TECTORUM CHEATGRASS; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; ACERIA-CHONDRILLAE; SPECIES INVASIONS; SKELETON WEED; RAPD MARKERS; DIVERSITY; EVOLUTION; AUSTRALIA AB Premise of the study: Assessing propagule pressure and geographic origins of invasive species provides insight into the invasion process. Rush skeletonweed (Chondrilla juncea; Asteraceae) is an apomictic, perennial plant that is invasive in Australia, South America (Argentina), and North America (Canada and the United States). This study comprehensively compares propagule pressure and geographic structure of genotypes to improve our understanding of a clonal invasion and enhance management strategies. Methods: We analyzed 1056 native range plants from Eurasia and 1156 plants from three invaded continents using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) techniques. We used measures of diversity (Simpson's D) and evenness (E), analysis of molecular variance, and Mantel tests to compare invasions, and genotype similarity to determine origins of invasive genotypes. Key results: We found 682 unique genotypes in the native range, but only 13 in the invaded regions. Each invaded region contained distinct AFLP genotypes, suggesting independent introduction events, probably with different geographic origins. Relatively low propagule pressure was associated with each introduction around the globe, but levels of among-population variation differed. We found exact AFLP genotype matches between the native and invaded ranges for five of the 13 invasive genotypes. Conclusions: Invasion dynamics can vary across invaded ranges within a species. Intensive sampling for molecular analyses can provide insight for understanding intraspecific invasion dynamics, which can hold significance for the management of plant species, especially by finding origins and distributions of invasive genotypes for classical biological control efforts. C1 [Gaskin, John F.] USDA ARS, Northern Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. [Schwarzlaender, Mark] Univ Idaho, Dept Plant Soil & Entomol Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Kinter, C. Lynn] Idaho Dept Fish & Game, Idaho Nat Heritage Program, Boise, ID 83707 USA. [Smith, James F.; Novak, Stephen J.] Boise State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Boise, ID 83725 USA. RP Gaskin, JF (reprint author), USDA ARS, Northern Plains Agr Res Lab, 1500 N Cent Ave, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. EM john.gaskin@ars.usda.gov FU USDI Bureau of Land Management; Committee for Research and Exploration of the National Geographic Society [7884-05] FX Special thanks to G. Markin for originally suggesting and enabling this research and to anonymous reviewers and the Editorial Staff at the American Journal of Botany for their valuable help. Many thanks to all collectors listed in Appendices S1 and S2 (see Supplemental Data with the online version of this article) and to K. Mann and J. Lassey for laboratory work. This research was made possible in part by funding from the USDI Bureau of Land Management (to J. F. G.) and the Committee for Research and Exploration of the National Geographic Society (to C.L.K., grant no. 7884-05). NR 92 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 8 U2 56 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA SN 0002-9122 EI 1537-2197 J9 AM J BOT JI Am. J. Bot. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 100 IS 9 BP 1871 EP 1882 DI 10.3732/ajb.1200621 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 228HK UT WOS:000325176400017 PM 24018855 ER PT J AU Stokes, W Srinivas, G McFarland, R Kulpa-Eddy, J Casey, W Walker, A Draayer, H Sebring, R Brown, K Balks, E Stirling, C Klaasen, E Hill, R Rippke, B Ruby, K Alt, D Mukhopadhyay, S Kojima, H Johnson, N Rinckel, L Doelling, V Jones, B AF Stokes, William Srinivas, Geetha McFarland, Richard Kulpa-Eddy, Jodie Casey, Warren Walker, Angela Draayer, Hans Sebring, Randy Brown, Karen Balks, Elisabeth Stirling, Catrina Klaasen, Eric Hill, Richard Rippke, Byron Ruby, Kevin Alt, David Mukhopadhyay, Suman Kojima, Hajime Johnson, Nelson Rinckel, Lori Doelling, Vivian Jones, Brett TI Report on the international workshop on alternative methods for Leptospira vaccine potency testing: State of the science and the way forward SO BIOLOGICALS LA English DT Article DE Leptospira vaccines; Alternative methods; Potency; Replacement; Refinement; Reduction ID RELATIVE POTENCY; LETHAL INFECTION; DISEASE; ASSAY; BUPRENORPHINE; INTERROGANS; BACTERINS; PATHOGEN; POMONA AB Routine potency testing of Leptospira vaccines is mostly conducted using a vaccination challenge test that involves large numbers of hamsters and unrelieved pain and distress. NICEATM, ICCVAM, and their international partners organized a workshop to review the state of the science of alternative methods that might replace, reduce, and refine the use of animals for veterinary Leptospira vaccine potency testing and to identify ways to advance improved alternative methods. Vaccine manufacturers were encouraged to initiate or continue product-specific validation using in vitro enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays as replacements for potency testing of four common Leptospira serogroups. Participants discussed the potential for eliminating the back-titration procedure in the hamster challenge assay, which could reduce animal use by 50% for each individual potency test. Further animal reduction may also be possible by using cryopreserved Leptospira stock to replace continual passaging through hamsters. Serology assays were identified as a way to further reduce and refine animal use but should be considered only after attempting in vitro assays. Workshop participants encouraged consideration of analgesics and use of earlier humane endpoints when the hamster vaccination challenge potency assay is used. International harmonization of alternative potency methods was recommended to avoid duplicative potency testing to meet regionally different requirements. C1 [Stokes, William; Casey, Warren] NIEHS, Natl Toxicol Program Interagcy Ctr Evaluat Altern, Div Natl Toxicol Program, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Srinivas, Geetha; Walker, Angela; Hill, Richard; Rippke, Byron; Ruby, Kevin] USDA, Ctr Vet Biol, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [McFarland, Richard] US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Kulpa-Eddy, Jodie] USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Riverdale, MD 20737 USA. [Draayer, Hans] Gourdneck View Consulting LLC, Portage, MI 49002 USA. [Sebring, Randy] Colorado Serum Co, Denver, CO 80216 USA. [Brown, Karen] Pair ODocs Consultants, Parkville, MO 64152 USA. [Balks, Elisabeth] Paul Ehrlich Inst, D-63225 Langen, Germany. [Stirling, Catrina] Pfizer Ltd, Sandwich CT13 9NJ, Kent, England. [Klaasen, Eric] MSD Anim Hlth, NL-5830 AA Boxmeer, Netherlands. [Alt, David] USDA ARS, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Mukhopadhyay, Suman] NIAID, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Kojima, Hajime] Natl Inst Hlth Sci, Japanese Ctr Validat Alternat Methods, Setagaya Ku, Tokyo 1585801, Japan. [Johnson, Nelson; Rinckel, Lori; Doelling, Vivian; Jones, Brett] Integrated Lab Syst Inc, Morrisville, NC 27560 USA. RP Casey, W (reprint author), NIEHS, Natl Toxicol Program Interagcy Ctr Evaluat Altern, Div Natl Toxicol Program, NIH, POB 12233,MD K2-16, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM warren.casey@nih.gov FU NICEATM; ICCVAM; EURL ECVAM; JaCVAM FX The authors extend their sincere appreciation to all participants in the international workshop for their contributions leading to the workshop conclusions and recommendations. The members of the Leptospira Workshop Organizing Committee, ICCVAM Interagency Biologics Working Group, and NICEATM staff are acknowledged for their contributions to the planning of the workshop, and all the invited experts are acknowledged for their presentations and contributions to breakout group discussions and workshop proceedings. Participating national/international validation organizations from the International Cooperation on Alternative Test Methods, including NICEATM, ICCVAM, EURL ECVAM, and JaCVAM, are also gratefully acknowledged for their scientific contributions and financial support. Finally, the authors gratefully acknowledge Dr. Raymond Tice and Dr. John Bucher from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, USA for their review of the manuscript. NR 62 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1045-1056 J9 BIOLOGICALS JI Biologicals PD SEP PY 2013 VL 41 IS 5 SI SI BP 279 EP 294 DI 10.1016/j.biologicals.2013.06.013 PG 16 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 231VU UT WOS:000325447300001 PM 23890729 ER PT J AU Srinivas, G Walker, A Rippke, B AF Srinivas, Geetha Walker, Angela Rippke, Byron TI USDA regulatory guidelines and practices for veterinary Leptospira vaccine potency testing SO BIOLOGICALS LA English DT Article DE Vaccine; Potency testing; Regulatory testing; Leptospira; Leptospirosis; Standard Requirements ID RELATIVE POTENCY; BACTERINS; ASSAY; POMONA; DOGS; DIAGNOSIS; IMMUNITY; HAMSTERS AB Batch-release potency testing of leptospiral vaccines licensed by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) historically was conducted through animal vaccination-challenge models. The hamster vaccination-challenge assay was Codified in 1974 for bacterins containing Leptospira pomona, Leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae, and Leptospira canicola, and in 1975 for bacterins containing Leptospira grippotyphosa. In brief, 10 hamsters are vaccinated with a specified dilution of bacterin. After a holding period, the vaccinated hamsters, as well as nonvaccinated controls, are challenged with virulent Leptospira and observed for mortality. Eighty percent of vaccinated hamsters must survive in the face of a valid challenge. The high cost of the Codified tests, in terms of monetary expense and animal welfare, prompted the Center for Veterinary Biologics (CVB) to develop ELISA alternatives for them. Potency tests for other serogroups, such as Leptospira hardjo-bovis, that do not have Codified requirements for potency testing continue to be examined on a case-by-case basis. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The International Alliance for Biological Standardization. C1 [Srinivas, Geetha; Walker, Angela; Rippke, Byron] USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ctr Vet Biol, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Srinivas, G (reprint author), USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ctr Vet Biol, POB 844, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM Geetha.B.Srinivas@aphis.usda.gov NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1045-1056 J9 BIOLOGICALS JI Biologicals PD SEP PY 2013 VL 41 IS 5 SI SI BP 298 EP 302 DI 10.1016/j.biologicals.2013.06.005 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 231VU UT WOS:000325447300003 PM 23838570 ER PT J AU Draayer, HA Bruckner, L de la Pena-Moctezuma, A Srinivas, G AF Draayer, Hans A. Bruckner, Lukas de la Pena-Moctezuma, Alejandro Srinivas, Geetha TI International regulatory requirements for Leptospira vaccine potency testing. Roundtable: Current requirements and opportunity for harmonization SO BIOLOGICALS LA English DT Article DE Leptospira; Vaccine; Potency; International; Regulatory; Harmonization AB Progress continues to be made in the ongoing efforts to replace, reduce, or refine the use of laboratory animals for Leptospira vaccine potency testing in certain markets/regions. Leptospira-containing vaccines, as with many veterinary vaccines, are manufactured and distributed both on a regional basis by local manufacturers and internationally by large multinational firms. Three general scenarios exist for the international testing and distribution of veterinary vaccines including: 1) the importing country recognizes the country of origin's testing and batch release data with no additional testing; 2) the importing country requires the manufacturer to conduct a specific potency assay based on the current importing market's regulations for the importing country or 3) the importing country requires retesting of the product in country prior to distribution. Scenarios 2 and 3 both have the potential to significantly increase the usage of laboratory animals for what may be considered redundant testing. Specific requirements for the importation of Leptospira vaccines in the United States, Europe, and Mexico were presented as well as efforts to reduce the use of laboratory animal testing through the availability of internationally recognized tests. (C) 2013 The International Alliance for Biological Standardization. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Draayer, Hans A.] Gourdneck View Consulting LLC, Portage, MI 49002 USA. [Bruckner, Lukas] Inst Virol & Immunoprophylaxis, CH-3147 Mittelhausern, Switzerland. [de la Pena-Moctezuma, Alejandro] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Srinivas, Geetha] USDA, Ctr Vet Biol, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Draayer, HA (reprint author), Gourdneck View Consulting LLC, Portage, MI 49002 USA. EM gourdneckviewconsulting@gmail.com NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1045-1056 J9 BIOLOGICALS JI Biologicals PD SEP PY 2013 VL 41 IS 5 SI SI BP 305 EP 307 DI 10.1016/j.biologicals.2013.06.008 PG 3 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 231VU UT WOS:000325447300005 PM 23890730 ER PT J AU Ruby, K Srinivas, G AF Ruby, Kevin Srinivas, Geetha TI Development of in vitro assays for measuring the relative potency of leptospiral bacterins containing serogroups canicola, grippotyphosa, icterohaemorrhagiae, and pomona SO BIOLOGICALS LA English DT Article DE Leptospira; ELISAs; MAbs; Monoclonal; Antibody; Potency ID INTERROGANS SEROVAR COPENHAGENI; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; GUINEA-PIGS; ANTIGEN AB Historically, potency testing of bacterins containing Leptospira involved a hamster vaccination-challenge assay. The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) has long recognized that an in vitro system has several inherent advantages over the animal model. This is a review of the work performed at the USDA to replace the hamster vaccination-challenge model used to test Leptospira bacterins. The work covered a span of approximately 20 years and resulted in the development of USDA monoclonal antibody based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for the quantitation of antigen in bacterins containing Leptospira serogroups canicola, icterohaemorrhagiae, pomona, and grippotyphosa. The monoclonal antibodies used in the assay a) recognize lipopolysaccharide-like epitopes on the surface of the whole cell, b) agglutinate the homologous leptospiral serovars but do not agglutinate heterologous leptospiral serovars or heterologous bacterial species, and c) passively protect hamsters against a homologous challenge but fail to protect hamsters against heterologous challenges. Once developed, the performance of each ELISA was evaluated at the USDA followed by industry evaluation. Serials that passed the hamster vaccination-challenge assay yielded ELISA relative potency values of 1.0 or greater. These ELISAs have been shown to be a reproducible, sensitive, specific, and inexpensive alternative to the current Codified hamster potency assay. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The International Alliance for Biological Standardization. C1 [Ruby, Kevin; Srinivas, Geetha] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ctr Vet Biol, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Ruby, K (reprint author), US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ctr Vet Biol, USDA, POB 844, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM Kevin.W.Ruby@aphis.usda.gov NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1045-1056 J9 BIOLOGICALS JI Biologicals PD SEP PY 2013 VL 41 IS 5 SI SI BP 308 EP 314 DI 10.1016/j.biologicals.2013.06.007 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 231VU UT WOS:000325447300006 PM 23870804 ER PT J AU Alt, DP Wilson-Welder, J AF Alt, David P. Wilson-Welder, Jennifer TI Expansion of the in vitro assay for Leptospira potency testing to other serovars: Case study with Leptospira Hardjo SO BIOLOGICALS LA English DT Article DE Leptospira; Hardjo; Potency; Vaccine; Model; Hamster ID RESTRICTION ENDONUCLEASE ANALYSIS; HAMSTER LETHAL STRAIN; BOVIS INFECTION; GAMMA-DELTA; INTERROGANS; VACCINE; CATTLE; ANTIGENS; COLONIZATION; CELLS AB Evaluation of leptospiral vaccines for potency against Leptospira interrogans serovars Pomona, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Canicola, and Grippotyphosa is accomplished using the hamster potency test method described in 9 CFR 113.101-104. Applicability of this method to evaluation of bacterins developed for immunization against infection with L interrogans serovar Hardjo or Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar Hardjo is complicated by several issues. Information from research on target host animal efficacy studies and evaluation of the immune response elicited using effective whole-cell bacterin formulations have revealed problems in relating these studies to either hamster-based or other potency testing methods. Future work on serovar Hardjo vaccines employing recombinant proteins will require preliminary testing methods in models other than the host animal. These models may also prove applicable to evaluation of potency for protein-based vaccines. Both an acute lethal infection model and a chronic infection model have been developed using two different strains of serovar Hardjo and will be described. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The International Alliance for Biological Standardization. C1 [Alt, David P.; Wilson-Welder, Jennifer] ARS, Infect Bacterial Dis Res Unit, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Alt, DP (reprint author), ARS, Infect Bacterial Dis Res Unit, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, 1920 Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM David.Alt@ARS.USDA.GOV NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1045-1056 J9 BIOLOGICALS JI Biologicals PD SEP PY 2013 VL 41 IS 5 SI SI BP 323 EP 324 DI 10.1016/j.biologicals.2013.06.003 PG 2 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 231VU UT WOS:000325447300008 PM 23838569 ER PT J AU Walker, A Srinivas, G AF Walker, Angela Srinivas, Geetha TI Opportunities and strategies to further reduce animal use for Leptospira vaccine potency testing SO BIOLOGICALS LA English DT Article DE Vaccine; Potency testing; Regulatory testing; Leptospira; Virulence; 3Rs ID IN-VITRO AB Hamsters are routinely infected with virulent Leptospira for two purposes in the regulation of biologics: the performance of Codified potency tests and maintenance of challenge culture for the Codified potency tests. Options for reducing animal use in these processes were explored in a plenary lecture at the "International Workshop on Alternative Methods for Leptospira Vaccine Potency Testing: State of the Science and the Way Forward" held at the Center for Veterinary Biologics in September 2012. The use of validated in vitro potency assays such as those developed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture for Leptospira (L) canicola, Leptospira grippotyphosa, Leptospira pomona, and Leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae rather than the Codified hamster vaccination challenge assay was encouraged. Alternatives such as reduced animal numbers in the hamster vaccination challenge testing were considered for problematic situations. Specifically, the merits of sharing challenge controls, reducing group sizes, and eliminating animals for concurrent challenge dose titration were assessed. Options for maintaining virulent, stable cultures without serial passage through hamsters or with decreased hamster use were also discussed. The maintenance of virulent Leptospira without the use of live animals is especially difficult since a reliable means to maintain virulence after multiple in vitro passages has not yet been identified. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The International Alliance for Biological Standardization. C1 [Walker, Angela; Srinivas, Geetha] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ctr Vet Biol, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Walker, A (reprint author), US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ctr Vet Biol, USDA, POB 844, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM Angela.M.Walker@aphis.usda.gov NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1045-1056 J9 BIOLOGICALS JI Biologicals PD SEP PY 2013 VL 41 IS 5 SI SI BP 332 EP 337 DI 10.1016/j.biologicals.2013.06.006 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 231VU UT WOS:000325447300011 PM 23891496 ER PT J AU Kapanigowda, MH Perumal, R Aiken, RM Herald, TJ Bean, SR Little, CR AF Kapanigowda, Mohankumar H. Perumal, Ramasamy Aiken, Robert M. Herald, Thomas J. Bean, Scott R. Little, Christopher R. TI Analyses of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] lines and hybrids in response to early-season planting and cool conditions SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Sorghum; cold-tolerant; high throughput screening ID SEEDLING COLD TOLERANCE; GRAIN-SORGHUM; TEMPERATURE; GERMINATION; SELECTION AB Early-season cold tolerance in sorghum contributes to emergence, seedling establishment, and early vegetative growth, and reduces damping-off diseases under chilling conditions. The objectives of this study were to identify cold-tolerant sources and to evaluate and optimize rapid screening techniques under a controlled environment. Field studies involving 48 genotypes, representing phases of the hybrid development process (landraces, elite and advanced breeding lines, recombinant inbred lines (RILs) and hybrids were conducted with early and normal planting dates in 2011 at Hays and Colby, Kansas. Studies under controlled environments were conducted at both locations using 18 genotypes that differ for emergence index (El) and 30 d after emergence (DAE) shoot biomass based on field studies during 2011. Significant differences among the genotypes were recorded for all seedling traits (emergence percentage, El, shoot biomass, plant height, and leaf number measured 30 DAE), and agronomic traits (days to 50% flowering, panicle exsertion, panicle length, and plant height at maturity). Eight advanced breeding lines: ARCH10731, ARCH10732, ARCH10736, ARCH10737, ARCH10738, ARCH10739, ARCH10744 and ARCH10749 and one RIL (RTx430/SQR-2) were found to be potential sources of cold tolerance with early El, higher biomass and relatively early flowering. These genotypes are free from tannin, which helps to increase the feed grain efficiency of livestock, and hence were selected for test hybrid evaluation to assess fertility status, combining ability and yield performance. Significant correlation was observed between El and biomass during early planting, which indicated that late-emerging genotypes produced greater biomass (30 DAE) compared with early-emerged genotypes. Significant correlation between growth chamber and field study for El offers a potential and fast preliminary high-throughput screening technique for identification of cold-tolerant sorghum. C1 [Kapanigowda, Mohankumar H.; Perumal, Ramasamy] KSU, Agr Res Ctr, Hays, KS 67601 USA. [Aiken, Robert M.] KSU, Northwest Res Extens Ctr, Colby, KS 67701 USA. [Herald, Thomas J.; Bean, Scott R.] USDA ARS, CGAHR, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Little, Christopher R.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Perumal, R (reprint author), KSU, Agr Res Ctr, Hays, KS 67601 USA. EM perumal@ksu.edu OI Bean, Scott/0000-0001-8678-8094 FU Kansas Grain Sorghum Commission [GAHY 602258, GANM 602281] FX We thank the Kansas Grain Sorghum Commission (grant numbers GAHY 602258 and GANM 602281) for funding support. We thank Dr. Kenneth Kofoid, former sorghum breeder, KSU, Agricultural Research Center, Hays, Kansas for the advanced selections and seed materials to conduct the trials. The authors gratefully acknowledge Wayne Aschwege, Ralph Wolf and Linda Niermeier with Western Kansas Agriculture and Extension Centers at Hays and Colby, Kansas, for their assistance in planting and taking measurements. The authors also thank Lance Noll for assistance in conducting Pythium seedling disease resistance screening in the greenhouse and growth chambers. This paper is Contribution No. 13-050-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Manhattan. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 19 PU AGRICULTURAL INST CANADA PI OTTAWA PA 280 ALBERT ST, SUITE 900, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1P 5G8, CANADA SN 0008-4220 J9 CAN J PLANT SCI JI Can. J. Plant Sci. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 93 IS 5 BP 773 EP 784 DI 10.4141/CJPS2012-311 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 231AS UT WOS:000325386000003 ER PT J AU Zhu, SF Jeong, RD Lim, GH Yu, KS Wang, CX Chandra-Shekara, AC Navarre, D Klessig, DF Kachroo, A Kachroo, P AF Zhu, Shifeng Jeong, Rae-Dong Lim, Gah-Hyun Yu, Keshun Wang, Caixia Chandra-Shekara, A. C. Navarre, Duroy Klessig, Daniel F. Kachroo, Aardra Kachroo, Pradeep TI Double-Stranded RNA-Binding Protein 4 Is Required for Resistance Signaling against Viral and Bacterial Pathogens SO CELL REPORTS LA English DT Article ID TURNIP-CRINKLE-VIRUS; DICER-LIKE PROTEINS; DISEASE-RESISTANCE; HYPERSENSITIVE RESPONSE; ANTIVIRAL DEFENSE; ARABIDOPSIS DRB4; SALICYLIC-ACID; COAT PROTEIN; FAMILY; IDENTIFICATION AB Plant viruses often encode suppressors of host RNA silencing machinery, which occasionally function as avirulence factors that are recognized by host resistance (R) proteins. For example, the Arabidopsis R protein, hypersensitive response to TCV (HRT), recognizes the turnip crinkle virus (TCV) coat protein (CP). HRT-mediated resistance requires the RNA-silencing component double-stranded RNA-binding protein 4 (DRB4) even though it neither is associated with the accumulation of TCV-specific small RNA nor requires the RNA silencing suppressor function of CP. HRT interacts with the cytosolic fraction of DRB4. Interestingly, TCV infection both increases the cytosolic DRB4 pool and inhibits the HRT-DRB4 interaction. The virulent R8A CP derivative, which induces a subset of HRT-derived responses, also disrupts this interaction. The differential localization of DRB4 in the presence of wild-type and R8A CP implies the importance of subcellular compartmentalization of DRB4. The requirement of DRB4 in resistance to bacterial infection suggests a universal role in R-mediated defense signaling. C1 [Zhu, Shifeng; Jeong, Rae-Dong; Lim, Gah-Hyun; Yu, Keshun; Wang, Caixia; Chandra-Shekara, A. C.; Kachroo, Aardra; Kachroo, Pradeep] Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant Pathol, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Wang, Caixia] Qingdao Agr Univ, Qingdao 266109, Peoples R China. [Navarre, Duroy] Washington State Univ, ARS, USDA, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Klessig, Daniel F.] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Kachroo, P (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant Pathol, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. EM pk62@uky.edu FU National Science Foundation (IOS) [10641576] FX We are grateful to Guillaume Robin for help with the graphical abstract and slider image. We thank James Carrington for rdr and dcl mutants, Jeff Dangl for RPM1-MYC and RPS2-HA transgenic lines, Feng Qu for drb4 mutant and R8A, CPB, and CPC clones, Ken Shirasu for RAR1 antibodies, and Mark Farman for useful comments. We thank Joanne Holden for help with SA estimations, Qing-ming Gao for help with qRT-PCR, Ludmila Lapchyk for technical help, and Amy Crume for managing the plant growth facility. This work was supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation (IOS no. 10641576). NR 39 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 14 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 2211-1247 J9 CELL REP JI Cell Reports PD SEP PY 2013 VL 4 IS 6 BP 1168 EP 1184 DI 10.1016/j.celrep.2013.08.018 PG 17 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 230KB UT WOS:000325336500012 PM 24055058 ER PT J AU Fernandez-Going, BM Harrison, SP Anacker, BL Safford, HD AF Fernandez-Going, B. M. Harrison, S. P. Anacker, B. L. Safford, H. D. TI Climate interacts with soil to produce beta diversity in Californian plant communities SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE beta diversity; climate gradient; landscape diversity; precipitation; serpentine; soil fertility ID SPECIES-RICHNESS; ELEVATIONAL GRADIENTS; ORGANIC-MATTER; SPATIAL SCALE; PRODUCTIVITY; BIODIVERSITY; PATTERNS; TRAITS; ENVIRONMENTS; PRECIPITATION AB Spatially distinct communities can arise through interactions and feedbacks between abiotic and biotic factors. We suggest that, for plants, patches of infertile soils such as serpentine may support more distinct communities from those in the surrounding non-serpentine matrix in regions where the climate is more productive (i.e., warmer and/or wetter). Where both soil fertility and climatic productivity are high, communities may be dominated by plants with fast-growing functional traits, whereas where either soils or climate impose low productivity, species with stress-tolerant functional traits may predominate. As a result, both species and functional composition may show higher dissimilarity between patch and matrix in productive climates. This pattern may be reinforced by positive feedbacks, in which higher plant growth under favorable climate and soil conditions leads to higher soil fertility, further enhancing plant growth. For 96 pairs of sites across a 200-km latitudinal gradient in California, we found that the species and functional dissimilarities between communities on infertile serpentine and fertile non-serpentine soils were higher in more productive (wetter) regions. Woody species had more stress-tolerant functional traits on serpentine than non-serpentine soil, and as rainfall increased, woody species functional composition changed toward fast-growing traits on non-serpentine, but not on serpentine soils. Soil organic matter increased with rainfall, but only on non-serpentine soils, and the difference in organic matter between soils was positively correlated with plant community dissimilarity. These results illustrate a novel mechanism wherein climatic productivity is associated with higher species, functional, and landscape-level dissimilarity (beta diversity). C1 [Fernandez-Going, B. M.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Ecol Evolut & Marine Biol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Harrison, S. P.; Safford, H. D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Anacker, B. L.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Safford, H. D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA. RP Fernandez-Going, BM (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Ecol Evolut & Marine Biol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. EM going@lifesci.ucsb.edu FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0947368] FX We thank J. Miller and J. Van Susteren for their expert assistance on vegetation sampling; A. Kleinhesselink, Jill Miller, and many undergraduate interns for their help with trait collection; and H. Cornell, E. Damschen, A. Eskelinen, and M. Spasojevic for many stimulating discussions about this project. We thank anonymous reviewers for comments that improved an earlier version of the manuscript. Support for this work came from a National Science Foundation grant (DEB-0947368) to S. Harrison and E. Damschen. NR 64 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 4 U2 67 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0012-9658 EI 1939-9170 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD SEP PY 2013 VL 94 IS 9 BP 2007 EP 2018 DI 10.1890/12-2011.1 PG 12 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 219TL UT WOS:000324532900014 PM 24279272 ER PT J AU Munson, SM Muldavin, EH Belnap, J Peters, DPC Anderson, JP Reiser, MH Gallo, K Melgoza-Castillo, A Herrick, JE Christiansen, TA AF Munson, Seth M. Muldavin, Esteban H. Belnap, Jayne Peters, Debra P. C. Anderson, John P. Reiser, M. Hildegard Gallo, Kirsten Melgoza-Castillo, Alicia Herrick, Jeffrey E. Christiansen, Tim A. TI Regional signatures of plant response to drought and elevated temperature across a desert ecosystem SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE aridity; Chihuahuan Desert; climate change; climate pivot point; desertification; forecasting plant community composition; land degradation; long-term vegetation dynamics; plant canopy cover; species richness ID SEMIDESERT GRASSLAND RANGE; NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION; CHIHUAHUAN DESERT; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SOIL-WATER; SONORAN DESERT; NORTH-AMERICA; MOJAVE DESERT; GRASSES; DESERTIFICATION AB The performance of many desert plant species in North America may decline with the warmer and drier conditions predicted by climate change models, thereby accelerating land degradation and reducing ecosystem productivity. We paired repeat measurements of plant canopy cover with climate at multiple sites across the Chihuahuan Desert over the last century to determine which plant species and functional types may be the most sensitive to climate change. We found that the dominant perennial grass, Bouteloua eriopoda, and species richness had nonlinear responses to summer precipitation, decreasing more in dry summers than increasing with wet summers. Dominant shrub species responded differently to the seasonality of precipitation and drought, but winter precipitation best explained changes in the cover of woody vegetation in upland grasslands and may contribute to woody-plant encroachment that is widespread throughout the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. Temperature explained additional variability of changes in cover of dominant and subdominant plant species. Using a novel empirically based approach we identified climate pivot points that were indicative of shifts from increasing to decreasing plant cover over a range of climatic conditions. Reductions in cover of annual and several perennial plant species, in addition to declines in species richness below the long-term summer precipitation mean across plant communities, indicate a decrease in the productivity for all but the most drought-tolerant perennial grasses and shrubs in the Chihuahuan Desert. Overall, our regional synthesis of long-term data provides a robust foundation for forecasting future shifts in the composition and structure of plant assemblages in the largest North American warm desert. C1 [Munson, Seth M.; Belnap, Jayne] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Canyonlands Res Stn, Moab, UT 84532 USA. [Munson, Seth M.] US Geol Survey, Geosci & Environm Change Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Muldavin, Esteban H.] Univ New Mexico, Museum Southwestern Biol, Nat Heritage New Mexico Div, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Peters, Debra P. C.; Anderson, John P.; Herrick, Jeffrey E.] New Mexico State Univ, Jornada Basin Long Term Ecol Res Program, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Peters, Debra P. C.; Herrick, Jeffrey E.] ARS, USDA, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Reiser, M. Hildegard; Gallo, Kirsten] Natl Pk Serv, Chihuahuan Desert Network Inventory & Monitoring, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Melgoza-Castillo, Alicia] Univ Autonoma Chihuahua, Fac Zootecnia & Ecol, Chihuahua 31031, Mexico. [Christiansen, Tim A.] Texas Army Natl Guard, Austin, TX 78703 USA. RP Munson, SM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Canyonlands Res Stn, Moab, UT 84532 USA. EM smunson@usgs.gov FU National Park Service; U.S. Geological Survey Status and Trends of Biological Resources, Climate, and Land Use Program; Mendenhall Research Fellowship Program; U.S. National Science Foundation [DEB-0080412, DEB-0620482, DEB-0618210] FX We thank the many scientists, staff, and volunteers who have monitored vegetation at Chihuahuan Desert sites over the years, including John Ludwig and Steve Wondzell. We are also grateful to Bob Webb, Scott Collins, and two anonymous reviewers who improved the quality of this paper. This study was supported by the National Park Service and funding from the U.S. Geological Survey Status and Trends of Biological Resources, Climate, and Land Use Program, and the Mendenhall Research Fellowship Program. Some of the data sets were provided by the Jornada and Sevilleta Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) projects and are available online (Jornada, http://jornada.nmsu.edu/data-catalogs/long-term; Sevilleta, http://sev.lternet.edu/data). Funding for these data was provided by the U.S. National Science Foundation (Grants DEB-0080412, DEB-0620482, DEB-0618210). Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this paper is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 42 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 11 U2 106 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0012-9658 EI 1939-9170 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD SEP PY 2013 VL 94 IS 9 BP 2030 EP 2041 DI 10.1890/12-1586.1 PG 12 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 219TL UT WOS:000324532900016 PM 24279274 ER PT J AU Morris, CF Fuerst, EP Beecher, BS Mclean, DJ James, CP Geng, HW AF Morris, C. F. Fuerst, E. P. Beecher, B. S. Mclean, D. J. James, C. P. Geng, H. W. TI Did the house mouse (Mus musculus L.) shape the evolutionary trajectory of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)? SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Grain hardness; house mouse; kernel texture; puroindolines; wheat ID GRAIN HARDNESS; PUROINDOLINE-B; MOLECULAR-GENETICS; GENES; RESISTANCE; LOCUS; EXPRESSION; DIVERSITY; FRIABILIN; TAUSCHII AB Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most successful domesticated plant species in the world. The majority of wheat carries mutations in the Puroindoline genes that result in a hard kernel phenotype. An evolutionary explanation, or selective advantage, for the spread and persistence of these hard kernel mutations has yet to be established. Here, we demonstrate that the house mouse (Mus musculus L.) exerts a pronounced feeding preference for soft over hard kernels. When allele frequencies ranged from 0.5 to 0.009, mouse predation increased the hard allele frequency as much as 10-fold. Studies involving a single hard kernel mixed with similar to 1000 soft kernels failed to recover the mutant kernel. Nevertheless, the study clearly demonstrates that the house mouse could have played a role in the evolution of wheat, and therefore the cultural trajectory of humankind. C1 [Morris, C. F.; Beecher, B. S.; James, C. P.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Western Wheat Qual Lab, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Fuerst, E. P.; Geng, H. W.] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Mclean, D. J.] Washington State Univ, Ctr Reprod Biol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Mclean, D. J.] Washington State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Morris, CF (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Western Wheat Qual Lab, E-202 Food Qual Bldg, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM morrisc@wsu.edu FU USDA via CRIS [5348-43440-006-00D] FX Funding was provided by the USDA via CRIS no. 5348-43440-006-00D. NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2045-7758 J9 ECOL EVOL JI Ecol. Evol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 3 IS 10 BP 3447 EP 3454 DI 10.1002/ece3.724 PG 8 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 224ZR UT WOS:000324932600021 PM 24223281 ER PT J AU Kuhnle, R Alonso, C AF Kuhnle, Roger Alonso, Carlos TI Flow near a model spur dike with a fixed scoured bed SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SEDIMENT RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Submerged spur dike; 3-dimensional flow; Velocity measurements; Free surface flow; Hydraulic structure ID SEDIMENT MOTION AB Three-dimensional flow velocities were measured using an acoustic Doppler velocimeter at a closely spaced grid over a fixed scoured bed with a submerged spur dike. Three-dimensional flow velocities were measured at 3,484 positions around the trapezoidal shaped submerged model spur dike. General velocity distributions and detailed near field flow structures were revealed by the measurement. Clear differences were revealed between flow over fixed flat and scoured beds. Strong lateral flows were the dominant cause of the observed local scour. Shear stresses were higher for the scoured bed than in the flat bed case. Decreasing rates of scour as the scour hole developed were attributed to increases in critical shear stress in the scour holes caused by the increase in the length and magnitude of adverse slopes associated with the two main scour holes. C1 [Kuhnle, Roger; Alonso, Carlos] ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, USDA, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Kuhnle, R (reprint author), ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, USDA, POB 1157, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. EM roger.kuhnle@ars.usda.gov NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 12 PU IRTCES PI BEIJING PA PO BOX 366, BEIJING, 100044, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1001-6279 J9 INT J SEDIMENT RES JI Int. J. Sediment Res. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 28 IS 3 BP 349 EP 357 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 225YD UT WOS:000325000200007 ER PT J AU Schmitt, MR Skadsen, RW Budde, AD AF Schmitt, Mark R. Skadsen, Ronald W. Budde, Allen D. TI Protein mobilization and malting-specific proteinase expression during barley germination SO JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Barley; Proteinase; Malting quality; Germination ID HORDEUM-VULGARE L.; GRAIN ASPARTIC PROTEINASE; MAMMALIAN CATHEPSIN-H; THIOL PROTEASE; CYSTEINE ENDOPEPTIDASE; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; UNIQUE MEMBER; MALTED BARLEY; BETA-AMYLASE; GREEN MALT AB Malting is a process of controlled germination and early seedling growth. With appropriate control of grain moisture, environmental conditions, germination time, and kilning conditions, maltsters produce malt with the composition and enzymatic activity needed for brewing. In this study we compared protein mobilization in a widely grown malting barley variety germinated under controlled malting regimens and in a laboratory incubator not optimized for malting. Analysis of malts produced under three regimes showed differences in nitrogen mobilization and expression profiles of some proteinase genes. Many transcript probes changed in abundance during malting, with transcripts from the commercial malting and micromalting series trending similarly. Fewer transcripts showed differential expression between the laboratory germination series and the malting series that corresponded to protein mobilization differentials. Expression differentials that matched protein mobilization differences were seen for previously identified germination proteinases as well as those not previously linked to seed germination. These expression differentials suggest that several proteinases may serve previously unrecognized functions in protein mobilization during germination and early seed growth. Similarity of malting quality results and gene expression profiles in the two malting environments suggest that barley germination in an optimized micromalter is a suitable model system for barley germination in a commercial malting process. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Schmitt, Mark R.; Skadsen, Ronald W.; Budde, Allen D.] ARS, USDA, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Schmitt, MR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Cereal Crops Res Unit, 502 Walnut St, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM mark.schmitt@ars.usda.gov FU American Malting Barley Association FX The American Malting Barley Association provided financial support for this project. NR 53 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 34 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0733-5210 J9 J CEREAL SCI JI J. Cereal Sci. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 58 IS 2 BP 324 EP 332 DI 10.1016/j.jcs.2013.05.007 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 229YN UT WOS:000325303900017 ER PT J AU Bragg, DC AF Bragg, Don C. TI Symbols and the Forest Service SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Bragg, Don C.] USDA Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Monticello, AR USA. EM braggd@safnet.org NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 111 IS 5 BP 309 EP 309 DI 10.5849/jof.13-995 PG 1 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 228ZE UT WOS:000325230800001 ER PT J AU Fischer, AP Paveglio, T Carroll, M Murphy, D Brenkert-Smith, H AF Fischer, A. Paige Paveglio, Travis Carroll, Matthew Murphy, Daniel Brenkert-Smith, Hannah TI Assessing Social Vulnerability to Climate Change in Human Communities near Public Forests and Grasslands: A Framework for Resource Managers and Planners SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Review DE climate change; social vulnerability; general; public land management; natural resource planning ID ADAPTIVE CAPACITY; SOUTHEASTERN ARIZONA; ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS; ADAPTATION; RESILIENCE; ASSESSMENTS; IMPACTS; SUSTAINABILITY; GLOBALIZATION; VARIABILITY AB Public land management agencies have incorporated the concept of vulnerability into protocols for assessing and planning for climate change impacts on public forests and grasslands. However, resource managers and planners have little guidance for how to address the social aspects of vulnerability in these assessments and plans. Failure to assess social vulnerability to climate change during management planning could compromise land management agencies' adaptation strategies as well as public support for these strategies. We provide a framework for understanding and assessing social vulnerability to climate change in US public lands contexts. We describe types of information that can be used in social vulnerability assessments and ways this information can be gathered. The practical information that we provide is intended to help resource managers and planners meet current policy requirements for assessing potential impacts of climate change across diverse local social and ecological conditions for which one-size-fits-all approaches are not likely to be useful. C1 [Fischer, A. Paige] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR USA. [Paveglio, Travis] Univ Montana, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Carroll, Matthew] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Murphy, Daniel] Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Brenkert-Smith, Hannah] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Fischer, AP (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR USA. EM paigefischer@fs.fed.us; travis.paveglio@cfc.umt.edu; carroll@cahnrs.wsu.edu; murphdl@ucmail.uc.edu; hannahb@colorado.edu FU USDA Forest Service Western Wildland Environmental Threat Assessment Center; Agriculture and Food Research Initiative of the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture FX We acknowledge the participants in the 2011 meeting of the USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station-University of Montana Working Group on Community Vulnerability and Adaptive Capacity, which led to the idea for this publication. MC. and T.P. also acknowledge support from the USDA Forest Service Western Wildland Environmental Threat Assessment Center and the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative of the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. NR 92 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 41 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 111 IS 5 BP 357 EP 365 DI 10.5849/jof.12-091 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 228ZE UT WOS:000325230800009 ER PT J AU Haase, DL Jacobs, DF AF Haase, Diane L. Jacobs, Douglass F. TI Nutrient dynamics of planted forests SO NEW FORESTS LA English DT Editorial Material ID FERTILIZATION; PERFORMANCE; SEEDLINGS C1 [Haase, Diane L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Portland, OR 97208 USA. [Jacobs, Douglass F.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, Hardwood Tree Improvement & Regenerat Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Jacobs, DF (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, Hardwood Tree Improvement & Regenerat Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM djacobs@purdue.edu NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 18 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4286 J9 NEW FOREST JI New For. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 44 IS 5 SI SI BP 629 EP 633 DI 10.1007/s11056-013-9383-7 PG 5 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 226IA UT WOS:000325027400001 ER PT J AU Glover-Cutter, KM Lin, S Blackwell, K AF Glover-Cutter, Kira M. Lin, Stephanie Blackwell, Keith TI Integration of the Unfolded Protein and Oxidative Stress Responses through SKN-1/Nrf SO PLOS GENETICS LA English DT Article ID ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM STRESS; MICROSOMAL 3-ALPHA-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR NRF1; RNA PROCESSING FACTORS; CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; C-ELEGANS; MESSENGER-RNA; CELL-SURVIVAL; ER STRESS; LIFE-SPAN AB The Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) maintains homeostasis in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and defends against ER stress, an underlying factor in various human diseases. During the UPR, numerous genes are activated that sustain and protect the ER. These responses are known to involve the canonical UPR transcription factors XBP1, ATF4, and ATF6. Here, we show in C. elegans that the conserved stress defense factor SKN-1/Nrf plays a central and essential role in the transcriptional UPR. While SKN-1/Nrf has a well-established function in protection against oxidative and xenobiotic stress, we find that it also mobilizes an overlapping but distinct response to ER stress. SKN-1/Nrf is regulated by the UPR, directly controls UPR signaling and transcription factor genes, binds to common downstream targets with XBP-1 and ATF-6, and is present at the ER. SKN-1/Nrf is also essential for resistance to ER stress, including reductive stress. Remarkably, SKN-1/Nrf-mediated responses to oxidative stress depend upon signaling from the ER. We conclude that SKN-1/Nrf plays a critical role in the UPR, but orchestrates a distinct oxidative stress response that is licensed by ER signaling. Regulatory integration through SKN-1/Nrf may coordinate ER and cytoplasmic homeostasis. C1 [Glover-Cutter, Kira M.; Lin, Stephanie; Blackwell, Keith] Joslin Diabet Ctr, Harvard Stem Cell Inst, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Glover-Cutter, Kira M.; Lin, Stephanie; Blackwell, Keith] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Glover-Cutter, KM (reprint author), USDA, Agr Res Serv, Corvallis, OR USA. EM keith.blackwell@joslin.harvard.edu OI Glover-Cutter, Kira/0000-0002-7321-8604 FU NIH [GM062891, GM094398]; NIDDK [DK036836, T32]; NRSA [F32GM090405] FX This work was supported by NIH grants GM062891 and GM094398 to TKB, a DRC grant from the NIDDK (DK036836), and NIDDK T32 and NRSA (F32GM090405) awards to KGC. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 90 TC 39 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 11 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-7404 J9 PLOS GENET JI PLoS Genet. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 9 IS 9 AR e1003701 DI 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003701 PG 15 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 226ZM UT WOS:000325076600002 PM 24068940 ER PT J AU Alonso, MF Corwin, DL Oster, JD Maas, J Kaffka, SR AF Alonso, Maximo F. Corwin, Dennis L. Oster, James D. Maas, John Kaffka, Stephen R. TI Modeling a Sustainable Salt Tolerant Grass-Livestock Production System under Saline Conditions in the Western San Joaquin Valley of California SO SUSTAINABILITY LA English DT Article DE Bermuda grass; grazing; irrigation; management; salinity; simulation ID SODIC DRAINAGE WATER; COASTAL BERMUDAGRASS PRODUCTION; REUSE SYSTEMS; SHALLOW GROUNDWATER; RUMINANT NUTRITION; FORAGE YIELD; SELENIUM; IRRIGATION; QUALITY; ACCUMULATION AB Salinity and trace mineral accumulation threaten the sustainability of crop production in many semi-arid parts of the world, including California's western San Joaquin Valley (WSJV). We used data from a multi-year field-scale trial in Kings County and related container trials to simulate a forage-grazing system under saline conditions. The model uses rainfall and irrigation water amounts, irrigation water quality, soil, plant, and atmospheric variables to predict Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.) growth, quality, and use by cattle. Simulations based on field measurements and a related container study indicate that although soil chemical composition is affected by irrigation water quality, irrigation timing and frequency can be used to mitigate salt and trace mineral accumulation. Bermuda grass yields of up to 12 Mg dry matter (DM).ha(-1) were observed at the field site and predicted by the model. Forage yield and quality supports un-supplemented cattle stocking rates of 1.0 to 1.2 animal units (AU).ha(-1). However, a balance must be achieved between stocking rate, desired average daily gain, accumulation of salts in the soil profile, and potential pollution of ground water from drainage and leaching. Using available weather data, crop-specific parameter values and field scale measurements of soil salinity and nitrogen levels, the model can be used by farmers growing forages on saline soils elsewhere, to sustain forage and livestock production under similarly marginal conditions. C1 [Alonso, Maximo F.] Univ Chile, Dept Environm Sci & Nat Resources, Santiago, Chile. [Corwin, Dennis L.] ARS, USDA, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Oster, James D.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Environm Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Maas, John] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Kaffka, Stephen R.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Kaffka, SR (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM mfalonso@uchile.cl; dennis.corwin@ars.usda.gov; james.oster@ucr.edu; jmaas@ucdavis.edu; srkaffka@ucdavis.edu FU California Department of Water Resources [4600004616]; University of California FX The authors acknowledge the California Department of Water Resources (contract # 4600004616) for funding part of the field work, the sample analyses and the modeling effort and the University of California's Salinity Drainage Program for funding the container trial as well as original field site preparation, instrumentation and sample collection. The authors thank Ceil Howe III and Westlake Farms for the use of their land, and their efforts to provide and manage livestock, irrigation and other tasks at the research site. NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 24 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2071-1050 J9 SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL JI Sustainability PD SEP PY 2013 VL 5 IS 9 BP 3839 EP 3857 DI 10.3390/su5093839 PG 19 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 226FW UT WOS:000325021000013 ER PT J AU Abrams, SA AF Abrams, Steven A. TI Impact of New-Generation Parenteral Lipid Emulsions in Pediatric Nutrition SO ADVANCES IN NUTRITION LA English DT Editorial Material CT Symposium on Impact of New Generation Parenteral Lipid Emulsions in Pediatric Nutrition held at the Experimental Biology Meeting CY APR 22, 2013 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Soc Nutr ID LIVER-DISEASE; HIGH-RATES; CHOLESTASIS AB Advancements in the care of premature infants and infants with severe bowel disease have occurred in which long-term use of i.v. nutrition is a cornerstone of successful therapy. Concern about the role of i.v. lipid emulsions in causing severe liver damage to high-risk infants receiving long-term i.v. nutrition has led to a variety of intervention strategies. These have had relatively limited success until the recent introduction of omega-3 (n-3) fatty acid-containing forms of lipid emulsions in place of the current omega-6 fatty acid-predominant lipid emulsions currently exclusively used in the United States. Preliminary data based on nonrandomized trials performed using compassionate-use protocols in the United States suggest very high rates of resolution of cholestasis with the use of an omega-3 fatty acid-predominant lipid emulsion. This result is supported by animal models of liver disease that demonstrate decreased liver damage when animals are provided omega-3 fatty acid-containing lipid emulsions compared with those primarily omega-6 fatty acid based. However, human trials are limited at this time and further research is needed to establish the best approach to preventing liver damage in infants receiving i.v. nutrition and the optimal dose and timing of intervention with novel lipid emulsions. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Abrams, SA (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM sabrams@bcm.edu OI Abrams, Steven/0000-0003-4972-9233 NR 6 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 2161-8313 EI 2156-5376 J9 ADV NUTR JI Adv. Nutr. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 4 IS 5 BP 518 EP 520 DI 10.3945/an.113.004069 PG 3 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 217KH UT WOS:000324357900003 PM 24038243 ER PT J AU Choi, SW Claycombe, KJ Martinez, JA Friso, S Schalinske, KL AF Choi, Sang-Woon Claycombe, Kate J. Martinez, J. Alfredo Friso, Simonetta Schalinske, Kevin L. TI Nutritional Epigenomics: A Portal to Disease Prevention SO ADVANCES IN NUTRITION LA English DT Editorial Material AB Epigenetics can be defined as inheritable and reversible phenomena that affect gene expression without altering the underlying base pair sequence. Epigenomics is the study of genome-wide epigenetic modifications. Because gene expression changes are critical in both normal development and disease progression, epigenetics is widely applicable to many aspects of biological research. The influences of nutrients and bioactive food components on epigenetic phenomena such as DNA methylation and various types of histone modifications have been extensively investigated. Because an individual's epigenetic patterns are established during early gestation and are changed and personalized by environmental factors during our lifetime, epigenetic mechanisms are quite important in the development of transgenerational and adult obesity as well as in the development of diabetes mellitus. Aging and cancer demonstrate profound genome-wide DNA methylation changes, suggesting that nutrition may affect the aging process and cancer development through epigenetic mechanisms. C1 [Choi, Sang-Woon] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Claycombe, Kate J.] USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. [Martinez, J. Alfredo] Univ Navarra, E-31080 Pamplona, Spain. [Martinez, J. Alfredo] CIBERobn Nutr & Obesidad, Madrid, Spain. [Friso, Simonetta] Univ Verona, Sch Med, Dept Med, I-37100 Verona, Italy. [Schalinske, Kevin L.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA USA. RP Choi, SW (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM sang.choi@tufts.edu OI Martinez Hernandez, J Alfredo/0000-0001-5218-6941 FU American Society for Nutrition; Roche Applied Science; Bio-Serv; Epigentek; European Union FX This article is a summary of the symposium "Nutritional Epigenomics: A Portal to Disease Prevention" held April 23, 2013 at the ASN Scientific Sessions and Annual Meeting at Experimental Biology 2013 in Boson, MA. The symposium was sponsored by the American Society for Nutrition. Financial support was provided by Roche Applied Science, Bio-Serv, and Epigentek. The organizer has indicated that related reviews of this symposium will be submitted for publication in an upcoming issue of Advances of Nutrition.; Author disclosures: J. A. Martinez is a partner of the FOOD4ME project (about nutrigenetics) funded by the European Union. S.-W. Choi, K. J. Claycombe, S. Friso, and K. L Schalinske, no conflicts of interest NR 0 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 28 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 2161-8313 EI 2156-5376 J9 ADV NUTR JI Adv. Nutr. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 4 IS 5 BP 530 EP 532 DI 10.3945/an.113.004168 PG 3 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 217KH UT WOS:000324357900007 PM 24038247 ER PT J AU Webb, D Leahy, MM Milner, JA Allison, DB Dodd, KW Gaine, PC Matthews, RAJ Schneeman, BO Tucker, KL Young, SS AF Webb, Densie Leahy, Margaret M. Milner, John A. Allison, David B. Dodd, Kevin W. Gaine, P. Courtney Matthews, Robert A. J. Schneeman, Barbara O. Tucker, Katherine L. Young, S. Stanley TI Strategies to Optimize the Impact of Nutritional Surveys and Epidemiological Studies SO ADVANCES IN NUTRITION LA English DT Editorial Material AB The development of nutrition and health guidelines and policies requires reliable scientific information. Unfortunately, theoretical considerations and empirical evidence indicate that a large percentage of science-based claims rely on studies that fail to replicate. The session "Strategies to Optimize the Impact of Nutrition Surveys and Epidemiological Studies" focused on the elements of design, interpretation, and communication of nutritional surveys and epidemiological studies to enhance and encourage the production of reliable, objective evidence for use in developing dietary guidance for the public. The speakers called for more transparency of research, raw data, consistent data-staging techniques, and improved data analysis. New approaches to collecting data are urgently needed to increase the credibility and utility of findings from nutrition epidemiological studies. Such studies are critical for furthering our knowledge and understanding of the effects of diet on health. C1 [Leahy, Margaret M.] Coca Cola Co, Atlanta, GA USA. [Milner, John A.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Allison, David B.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA. [Dodd, Kevin W.] NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Gaine, P. Courtney] Int Life Sci Inst, North Amer Branch, Washington, DC USA. [Matthews, Robert A. J.] Aston Univ, Birmingham B4 7ET, W Midlands, England. [Schneeman, Barbara O.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Tucker, Katherine L.] Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Young, S. Stanley] Natl Inst Stat Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. EM dwebb1@austin.rr.com FU American Society for Nutrition; North American Branch of the International Life Sciences Institute's Committee on Carbohydrates; Frontiers Foundation; Federal Trade Commission FX This article is a summary of the symposium "Strategies to Optimize the Impact of Nutritional Surveys and Epidemiological Studies" held April 20, 2013 at the ASN Scientific Sessions and Annual Meeting at Experimental Biology 2013 in Boston, MA. The symposium was sponsored by the American Society for Nutrition and the North American Branch of the International Life Sciences Institute's Committee on Carbohydrates. This is a free access article, distributed under terms (http://www.nutrition.org/publications/guidelines-and-policies/license/) that permit unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.; Author disclosures: M. M. Leahy is Vice-Chair of International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI) North America's Carbohydrates Committee. J. A. Milner is an ILSI Global, IFIC, and McCormick Science Institute Board Member. D B. Allison has received financial and other benefits from the Frontiers Foundation, Federal Trade Commission, and other government, nonprofit, and for-profit organizations. K. L Tucker is a scientific advisor to (ILSI North America and has received support from the Kraft Foods Group. S. S. Young is a member of the OmicSoft Scientific Advisory and the AJCN Editorial Boards. K. W. Dodd, P. C. Gaine, R. A. J. Matthews, and B. O. Schneeman, no conflicts of interest. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 2161-8313 EI 2156-5376 J9 ADV NUTR JI Adv. Nutr. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 4 IS 5 BP 545 EP 547 DI 10.3945/an.113.004259 PG 3 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 217KH UT WOS:000324357900012 PM 24038252 ER PT J AU Cogswell, ME Elliott, P Wang, CY Rhodes, DG Pfeiffer, CM Loria, CM AF Cogswell, Mary E. Elliott, Paul Wang, Chia-Yih Rhodes, Donna G. Pfeiffer, Christine M. Loria, Catherine M. TI Assessing US Sodium Intake through Dietary Data and Urine Biomarkers SO ADVANCES IN NUTRITION LA English DT Editorial Material ID POTASSIUM EXCRETION; SPECIMEN; ADULTS AB Sodium intake is related to blood pressure, an established risk factor for heart disease and stroke. Reducing intake may save billions in United States health care dollars annually. Efforts targeting sodium reductions make accurate monitoring vital, yet limited information exists on the accuracy of the current data to assess sodium intake in the United States population. In this symposium, new findings were presented on the accuracy of estimating population 24-h urinary excretion of sodium from spot urine specimens or sodium intake from 24-h dietary recalls. Differences in accuracy by sex, BMI, and race were apparent as well as by timing of spot urine collections. Although some published equations appear promising for estimating group means, others are biased. Individual estimates of sodium intake were highly variable and adjustment for within-individual variation in intake is required for estimating population prevalence or percentiles. Estimates indicated United States sodium intake remains high. C1 [Cogswell, Mary E.; Pfeiffer, Christine M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Elliott, Paul] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. [Wang, Chia-Yih] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hyattsville, MD USA. [Rhodes, Donna G.] USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Loria, Catherine M.] NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Cogswell, ME (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mcogswell@cdc.gov FU ASN; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; USDA; CDC [200-2010-43842]; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Imperial College Healthcare National Health Service (NHS) Trust and Imperial College FX This article is a summary of the symposium "Assessing U.S. Sodium Intake Through Dietary Data and Urine Biomarkers" held April 24, 2013 at the ASN Scientific Sessions and Annual Meeting at Experimental Biology 2013 in Boson, MA. The symposium was sponsored by the ASN and endorsed by ASN the Medical Nutrition Council.; Supported by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and USDA. Dr. Elliot's work supported by CDC contract no. 200-2010-43842. Dr. Elliott also acknowledges support from the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Imperial College Healthcare National Health Service (NHS) Trust and Imperial College. He is an NIHR Senior Investigator. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the CDC nor those of the NHS, the NIHR or the Department of Health, UK. NR 5 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 2161-8313 EI 2156-5376 J9 ADV NUTR JI Adv. Nutr. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 4 IS 5 BP 560 EP 562 DI 10.3945/an.113.004309 PG 3 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 217KH UT WOS:000324357900017 PM 24038257 ER PT J AU Roberts, SB Speakman, J AF Roberts, Susan B. Speakman, John TI Update on Human Calorie Restriction Research SO ADVANCES IN NUTRITION LA English DT Editorial Material ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; BODY-COMPOSITION; CALERIE; METABOLISM AB The United States population is aging rapidly, and understanding the potential impact and feasibility of lifestyle interventions on the aging process is of central importance for addressing future population health and health care costs. This symposium addressed the question of whether caloric restriction may be a feasible strategy to improve human health by reductions in rates of primary and secondary aging in humans, viewed from the perspective of existing data in animal models, and by using emerging data from the human Comprehensive Assessment of Long-Term Reduction in Energy Intake trial, which is a randomized trial of human caloric restriction in free-living men and women. C1 [Roberts, Susan B.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Speakman, John] Univ Aberdeen, Sch Biol Sci, Aberdeen, Scotland. RP Roberts, SB (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM susan.roberts@tufts.edu RI John, Speakman/A-9494-2008 OI John, Speakman/0000-0002-2457-1823 FU NIH [U01-AG022132]; USDA [58-1950-0-014]; American Society for Nutrition (ASN); National Institute of Aging FX Supported by NIH grant U01-AG022132 and USDA agreement 58-1950-0-014.; This article is a summary of the symposium "Caloric Restriction in Humans: Is It Feasible, Effective and Safer held April 20, 2013, at the ASN Scientific Sessions and Annual Meeting at Experimental Biology 2013 in Boston, MA The symposium was sponsored by the American Society for Nutrition (ASN) and the National Institute of Aging. The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and are not attributable to the sponsors or the publisher, editor, or editorial board of Advances in Nutrition. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 2161-8313 EI 2156-5376 J9 ADV NUTR JI Adv. Nutr. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 4 IS 5 BP 563 EP 564 DI 10.3945/an.113.004317 PG 2 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 217KH UT WOS:000324357900018 PM 24038258 ER PT J AU Adams, SH Barnes, KM Odle, J AF Adams, Sean H. Barnes, Kimberly M. Odle, Jack TI Comparative Metabolic Physiology in the 'omics' Era: A Call to Arms, Paws, Flippers, and Claws SO ADVANCES IN NUTRITION LA English DT Editorial Material AB In nutrition, medicine, and animal science, metabolism research is often focused on solving questions using a single organism. Outcomes are most often linked to translational outcomes, understanding or treating a disease, optimizing nutritional status, improving select qualities of production animals, which have tremendous value to human and animal health as well as economic benefit. There is also value in clarifying basic biological principles and integrative systems that determine how organisms function and deal with their environment. Relevant to both translational and basic research questions, comparative metabolic physiology provides a context by which new "omics" technologies and other approaches can be coupled to multi-species metabolic phenotype diversity. These principles were highlighted at the "Adipose and Lipid Biology: Crossing Taxonomic Boundaries" symposium held at the 2013 Experimental Biology meeting in Boston, MA. By considering differences and shared physiology across a spectrum of phenotypes (especially when considering "extremes" that have emerged from evolutionary processes or breeding selection), one may unmask subtle processes and learn from natural adaptations. C1 [Adams, Sean H.] USDA ARS, Obes & Metab Res Unit, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA USA. [Adams, Sean H.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Barnes, Kimberly M.] W Virginia Univ, Div Anim & Nutr Sci, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Odle, Jack] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Lab Dev Nutr, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Adams, SH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Obes & Metab Res Unit, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA USA. EM sean.h.adams@ars.usda.gov; jack_odle@ncsu.edu OI Odle, Jack/0000-0003-4965-2096 FU American Society for Nutrition; Proctor & Gamble Pet Care; Nutreco; North Central Regional Association of Agricultural Experiment Station Directors [NCCC-210]; USDA-Agricultural Research Service Western Human Nutrition Research Center; Human Nutrition National Program [NP-107] FX This article is a summary of the symposium "Adipose and Lipid Biology: Crossing Taxonomic Boundaries" held April 19, 2013 at ASN Scientific Sessions and Annual Meeting at Experimental Biology 2013 in Boson, MA. The symposium was sponsored by the American Society for Nutrition and was supported in part by Proctor & Gamble Pet Care, Nutreco, the North Central Regional Association of Agricultural Experiment Station Directors (NCCC-210 Multi-State Project), the USDA-Agricultural Research Service Western Human Nutrition Research Center, and Human Nutrition National Program NP-107. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 2161-8313 EI 2156-5376 J9 ADV NUTR JI Adv. Nutr. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 4 IS 5 BP 568 EP 569 DI 10.3945/an.113.004374 PG 2 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 217KH UT WOS:000324357900020 PM 24038260 ER PT J AU Ohlhorst, SD Russell, R Bier, D Klurfeld, DM Li, ZP Mein, JR Milner, J Ross, AC Stover, P Konopka, E AF Ohlhorst, Sarah D. Russell, Robert Bier, Dennis Klurfeld, David M. Li, Zhaoping Mein, Jonathan R. Milner, John Ross, A. Catharine Stover, Patrick Konopka, Emily TI Nutrition research to affect food and a healthy lifespan SO ADVANCES IN NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID MEDITERRANEAN DIET; CHILDREN AB Proper nutrition offers one of the most effective and least costly ways to decrease the burden of many diseases and their associated risk factors, including obesity. Nutrition research holds the key to increasing our understanding of the causes of obesity and its related comorbidities and thus holds promise to markedly influence global health and economies. After outreach to 75 thought leaders, the American Society for Nutrition (ASN) convened a Working Group to identify the nutrition research needs whose advancement will have the greatest projected impact on the future health and well-being of global populations. ASN's Nutrition Research Needs focus on the following high priority areas: 1) variability in individual responses to diet and foods; 2) healthy growth, development, and reproduction; 3) health maintenance; 4) medical management; 5) nutrition-related behaviors; and 6) food supply/environment. ASN hopes the Nutrition Research Needs will prompt collaboration among scientists across all disciplines to advance this challenging research agenda given the high potential for translation and impact on public health. Furthermore, ASN hopes the findings from the Nutrition Research Needs will stimulate the development and adoption of new and innovative strategies that can be applied toward the prevention and treatment of nutrition-related diseases. The multidisciplinary nature of nutrition research requires stakeholders with differing areas of expertise to collaborate on multifaceted approaches to establish the evidence-based nutrition guidance and policies that will lead to better health for the, global population. In addition to the identified research needs, ASN also identified 5 tools that are critical to the advancement of the Nutrition Research Needs: 1) omics, 2) bioinformatics, 3) databases, 4) biomarkers, and 5) cost-effectiveness analysis. C1 [Ohlhorst, Sarah D.; Konopka, Emily] Amer Soc Nutr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Russell, Robert] NIH, Off Dietary Supplements, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Russell, Robert] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Bier, Dennis] Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Klurfeld, David M.] USDA ARS, Human Nutr Program, Beltsville, MD USA. [Li, Zhaoping] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Human Nutr, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Li, Zhaoping] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Mein, Jonathan R.] Monsanto Vegetable Seed, Monsanto Ctr Food & Nutr Res, Kannapolis, NC USA. [Milner, John] NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Ross, A. Catharine] Penn State Univ, Dept Nutr Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Stover, Patrick] Cornell Univ, Div Nutr Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Konopka, Emily] Nazareth Coll, Rochester, NY USA. RP Ohlhorst, SD (reprint author), Amer Soc Nutr, 9650 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM sohlhorst@nutrition.org NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 2161-8313 J9 ADV NUTR JI Adv. Nutr. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 4 IS 5 BP 579 EP 584 DI 10.3945/an.113004176 PG 6 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 217KH UT WOS:000324357900025 PM 24038264 ER PT J AU Mohammad, MA Haymond, MW AF Mohammad, Mahmoud A. Haymond, Morey W. TI Regulation of lipid synthesis genes and milk fat production in human mammary epithelial cells during secretory activation SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE fat globule; milk production; metabolism; microarray; GC-MS ID GLAND THIOESTERASE-II; ACID SYNTHESIS; HUMAN LACTATION; RECEPTOR-ALPHA; IN-VIVO; TRIACYLGLYCEROL SYNTHESIS; TRIGLYCERIDE SYNTHESIS; LIPOPROTEIN-LIPASE; HORMONE RESPONSE; GROWTH-HORMONE AB Expression of genes for lipid biosynthetic enzymes during initiation of lactation in humans is unknown. Our goal was to study mRNA expression of lipid metabolic enzymes in human mammary epithelial cell (MEC) in conjunction with the measurement of milk fatty acid (FA) composition during secretory activation. Gene expression from mRNA isolated from milk fat globule (MFG) and milk FA composition were measured from 6 h to 42 days postpartum in seven normal women. Over the first 96 h postpartum, daily milk fat output increased severalfold and mirrored expression of genes for all aspects of lipid metabolism and milk FA production, including lipolysis at the MEC membrane, FA uptake from blood, intracellular FA transport, de novo FA synthesis, FA and glycerol activation, FA elongation, FA desaturation, triglyceride synthesis, cholesterol synthesis, and lipid droplet formation. Expression of the gene for a key lipid synthesis regulator, sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1 (SREBF1), increased 2.0-fold by 36 h and remained elevated over the study duration. Expression of genes for estrogen receptor 1, thyroid hormone-responsive protein, and insulin-induced 2 increased progressively to plateau by 96 h. In contrast, mRNA of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma decreased severalfold. With onset of lactation, increased de novo synthesis of FA was the most prominent change in milk FA composition and mirrored the expression of FA synthesis genes. In conclusion, milk lipid synthesis and secretion in humans is a complex process requiring the orchestration of a wide variety of pathways of which SREBF1 may play a primary role. C1 [Mohammad, Mahmoud A.; Haymond, Morey W.] Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Haymond, MW (reprint author), Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM mhaymond@bcm.edu OI Mohammad, Mahmoud/0000-0002-6535-5529 FU NIH [RO1 DK-55478, HD-37857, MO1 RR-00188, USDA/ARS 6250-5100] FX This project was supported by NIH grants RO1 DK-55478, HD-37857, MO1 RR-00188, and USDA/ARS 6250-5100. This work is a publication of the USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine (Houston, TX). The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of policies of the U. S. Department of Agriculture, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement from the U.S. Government. NR 82 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 23 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1849 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-ENDOC M JI Am. J. Physiol.-Endocrinol. Metab. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 305 IS 6 BP E700 EP E716 DI 10.1152/ajpendo.00052.2013 PG 17 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology GA 222SP UT WOS:000324751900003 PM 23880316 ER PT J AU Cochran, SD Cole, JB Null, DJ Hansen, PJ AF Cochran, Sarah D. Cole, John B. Null, Daniel J. Hansen, Peter J. TI Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Candidate Genes Associated with Fertilizing Ability of Sperm and Subsequent Embryonic Development in Cattle SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE embryo; fertility; fertilization; genetics; preimplantation development; SNP ID IN-VITRO FERTILIZATION; SEX-SORTED SPERM; HOLSTEIN CATTLE; BOVINE EMBRYOS; SURVIVAL RATES; DAIRY-COWS; EXPRESSION; CELLS; MILK; HEAT-SHOCK-PROTEIN-70 AB Fertilization and development of the preimplantation embryo is under genetic control. The present goal was to test 434 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for association with genetic variation in fertilization and early embryonic development. The approach was to produce embryos from 93 bulls using in vitro procedures (n = 3-6 replicates per bull) and relate cleavage rate (CR) and development of cleaved embryos to the blastocyst stage (BDRC) to the genotype for each SNP. Bulls were selected to have either high or low estimates for predicted transmitted ability for daughter pregnancy rate (DPR), an estimate of female fertility. The repeatability was 0.84 for CR and 0.55 for BDRC. Semen extender affected CR, with lower results for milk extender than yolk extender. There was no significant correlation between DPR and either CR or BDRC. A total of 100 SNPs had a minor allele frequency sufficiently high (>5%) to allow association analysis. There were nine genes with SNPs associated with CR (AVP, DEPP, EPAS1, HSD17B6, NT5E, SERPINE2, SLC18A2, TBC1D24, and a noncharacterized gene) and 12 genes with SNPs associated with BDRC (C1QB, FAM5C, HSPA1A, IRF9, MON1B, PARM1, PCCB, PMM2, SLC18A2, TBC1D24, TTLL3, and WBP1). Results demonstrate that in vitro fertilization and blastocyst development are under genetic control and point out the potential importance of some previously unknown genes in these processes. Selection of cattle based on the genotype at one or more of these 19 loci may prove useful in conjunction with other genetic markers for improving genetic ability for fertility. C1 [Cochran, Sarah D.; Hansen, Peter J.] Univ Florida, Dept Anim Sci, DH Barron Reprod & Perinatal Biol Res Program, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Cochran, Sarah D.; Hansen, Peter J.] Univ Florida, Genet Inst, Gainesville, FL USA. [Cole, John B.; Null, Daniel J.; Hansen, Peter J.] ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Hansen, PJ (reprint author), POB 110910, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM Hansen@animal.ufl.edu RI Cole, John/J-8571-2014 OI Cole, John/0000-0003-1242-4401 FU Florida Dairy Checkoff Program; Agriculture and Food Research Initiative from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2013-68004-20365] FX Partially supported by the Florida Dairy Checkoff Program and by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant 2013-68004-20365 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. NR 59 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 12 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1691 MONROE ST,SUITE # 3, MADISON, WI 53711-2021 USA SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 89 IS 3 AR 69 DI 10.1095/biolreprod.113.111260 PG 7 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA 226AS UT WOS:000325007200020 PM 23904513 ER PT J AU Nagabhyru, P Dinkins, RD Wood, CL Bacon, CW Schardl, CL AF Nagabhyru, Padmaja Dinkins, Randy D. Wood, Constance L. Bacon, Charles W. Schardl, Christopher L. TI Tall fescue endophyte effects on tolerance to water-deficit stress SO BMC PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Fungal endophyte; Tall fescue; Water deficit stress; Metabolites; Neutral sugars; Amino acids and lolines ID DROUGHT TOLERANCE; LOLINE ALKALOIDS; ABIOTIC STRESS; TREHALOSE-6-PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE; TRANSGENIC TOBACCO; FUNGAL ENDOPHYTES; OXIDATIVE STRESS; TREHALOSE ACCUMULATION; PROLINE ACCUMULATION; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE AB Background: The endophytic fungus, Neotyphodium coenophialum, can enhance drought tolerance of its host grass, tall fescue. To investigate endophyte effects on plant responses to acute water deficit stress, we did comprehensive profiling of plant metabolite levels in both shoot and root tissues of genetically identical clone pairs of tall fescue with endophyte (E+) and without endophyte (E-) in response to direct water deficit stress. The E-clones were generated by treating E+ plants with fungicide and selectively propagating single tillers. In time course studies on the E+ and E-clones, water was withheld from 0 to 5 days, during which levels of free sugars, sugar alcohols, and amino acids were determined, as were levels of some major fungal metabolites. Results: After 2-3 days of withholding water, survival and tillering of re-watered plants was significantly greater for E+ than E-clones. Within two to three days of withholding water, significant endophyte effects on metabolites manifested as higher levels of free glucose, fructose, trehalose, sugar alcohols, proline and glutamic acid in shoots and roots. The fungal metabolites, mannitol and loline alkaloids, also significantly increased with water deficit. Conclusions: Our results suggest that symbiotic N. coenophialum aids in survival and recovery of tall fescue plants from water deficit, and acts in part by inducing rapid accumulation of these compatible solutes soon after imposition of stress. C1 [Nagabhyru, Padmaja; Schardl, Christopher L.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant Pathol, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Dinkins, Randy D.] Univ Kentucky, USDA ARS, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Wood, Constance L.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Stat, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Bacon, Charles W.] USDA ARS, Toxicol & Mycotoxin Res Unit, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Schardl, CL (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant Pathol, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. EM Schardl@uky.edu RI Nagabhyru, Padmaja/B-4263-2014; Schardl, Christopher/P-5655-2014; OI Schardl, Christopher/0000-0003-2197-0842; Dinkins, Randy/0000-0002-2127-273X FU USDA-ARS [200911131030] FX This research is funded by USDA-ARS Specific Cooperative Agreement 200911131030. The authors are grateful for help and suggestions from Dr. Bruce A. Downie in HPLC for carbohydrates. The authors also thank J. Douglas Brown and W. Troy Bass for maintaining plants, and Dr. Lowell P. Bush and Dr. Fanniel F. Fannin for providing the loline alkaloid standard. The authors also acknowledge the ERTL facility at the University of Kentucky for allowing use of the LCMS and for technical assistance. This is publication number 13-12-101 of the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station, published with approval of the director. NR 87 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 5 U2 75 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2229 J9 BMC PLANT BIOL JI BMC Plant Biol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 13 AR 127 DI 10.1186/1471-2229-13-127 PG 17 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 222XU UT WOS:000324767100001 PM 24015904 ER PT J AU Pridgeon, JW Klesius, PH Dominowski, PJ Yancey, RJ Kievit, MS AF Pridgeon, Julia W. Klesius, Phillip H. Dominowski, Paul J. Yancey, Robert J. Kievit, Michele S. TI Chicken-type lysozyme in channel catfish: Expression analysis, lysozyme activity, and efficacy as immunostimulant against Aeromonas hydrophila infection SO FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Lysozyme-c; Immunostimulant; Aeromonas hydrophila; Channel catfish ID LIVE ATTENUATED VACCINE; INDIAN MAJOR CARPS; C-TYPE LYSOZYME; NILE TILAPIA; EDWARDSIELLA-ICTALURI; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; PROTECTIVE EFFICACY; ANTERIOR KIDNEY; POTENTIAL USE; IN-VITRO AB To understand whether chicken-type lysozyme (Lys-c) in channel catfish was induced by infection of Aeromonas hydrophila, the transcriptional levels of Lys-c in skin, gut, liver, spleen, posterior kidney, and blood cells in healthy channel catfish was compared to that in channel catfish infected with A. hydrophila by bath immersion. Quantitative PCR revealed that the transcription levels of Lys-c in infected catfish were significantly (P < 0.05) induced in all five tissues tested as well as in blood cells. Recombinant CC-Lys-c produced in Escherichia coli expression system (R-CC-Lys-c) exhibited significant (P < 0.05) lytic activity to Gram-positive Micrococcus lysodeikticus and Gram-negative A. hydrophila. When pcDNA3.2-vectored recombinant channel catfish lysozyme-c (pcDNA-Lys-c) was transfected in channel catfish gill cells GIB, the over-expression of pcDNA-Lys-c offered significant (P < 0.05) protection to GIB against A. hydrophila infection. When channel catfish were intraperitoneally injected with QCDCR adjuvant formulated pcDNA-Lys-c and challenged with a highly virulent A. hydrophila strain A1-09-71 at 1-, 2-, 14-, and 28-days post treatment, pcDNA-Lys-c offered 75%, 100%, 60%, and 77% protection to channel catfish, respectively. Macrophages of fish treated with pcDNA-Lys-c produced significantly (P < 0.05) higher amounts of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide than that of fish treated with pcDNA vector alone. Taken together, our results suggest that pcDNA-Lys-c could be used as a novel immunostimulant to protect channel catfish against A. hydrophila infection. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Pridgeon, Julia W.; Klesius, Phillip H.] USDA ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. [Dominowski, Paul J.; Yancey, Robert J.; Kievit, Michele S.] Pfizer Inc, Vet Med Res & Dev, Kalamazoo, MI 49007 USA. RP Pridgeon, JW (reprint author), Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, 990 Wire Rd, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM Julia.Pridgeon@ars.usda.gov FU USDA/ARS CRIS project [6420-32000-024-00D] FX We thank Drs. Mediha Yildirim-Aksoy (USDA-ARS) and Victor Panangala (USDA collaborator) for critical reviews of the manuscript. We thank Dr. Brian Scheffler and Fanny Liu (USDA-ARS-Catfish Genetics Research Unit) for their excellent sequencing work. We thank Beth Peterman (USDA-ARS) for her excellent technical support. We also thank the management team of the Aquatic Animal Health Research Unit for daily care and management of the fish. This study was supported by the USDA/ARS CRIS project #6420-32000-024-00D. The use of trade, firm, or corporate names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture or the Agricultural Research Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 13 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1050-4648 J9 FISH SHELLFISH IMMUN JI Fish Shellfish Immunol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 35 IS 3 BP 680 EP 688 DI 10.1016/j.fsi.2013.05.018 PG 9 WC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA 219MS UT WOS:000324511700007 PM 23732847 ER PT J AU Kepler, R Ban, S Nakagiri, A Bischoff, J Hywel-Jones, N Owensby, CA Spatafora, JW AF Kepler, Ryan Ban, Sayaka Nakagiri, Akira Bischoff, Joseph Hywel-Jones, Nigel Owensby, Catherine Alisha Spatafora, Joseph W. TI The phylogenetic placement of hypocrealean insect pathogens in the genus Polycephalomyces: An application of One Fungus One Name SO FUNGAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Anamorph-teleomorph connection; Cordyceps; Hirsutella; Molecular phylogenetics; Morphological plasticity ID VERTICILLIUM SECT. PROSTRATA; ENTOMOPATHOGENIC GENUS; MULTIGENE PHYLOGENY; SEQUENCE DATA; MIXED MODELS; CLAVICIPITACEAE; ASCOMYCOTA; REVISION; CORDYCEPS; CLASSIFICATION AB Understanding the systematics and evolution of clavicipitoid fungi has been greatly aided by the application of molecular phylogenetics. They are now classified in three families, largely driven by reevaluation of the morphologically and ecologically diverse genus Cordyceps. Although reevaluation of morphological features of both sexual and asexual states were often found to reflect the structure of phylogenies based on molecular data, many species remain of uncertain placement due to a lack of reliable data or conflicting morphological characters. A rigid, darkly pigmented stipe and the production of a Hirsutella-like anamorph in culture were taken as evidence for the transfer of the species Cordyceps cuboidea, Cordyceps prolifica, and Cordyceps ryogamiensis to the genus Ophiocordyceps. Data from ribosomal DNA supported these species as a single group, but were unable to infer deeper relationships in Hypocreales. Here, molecular data for ribosomal and protein coding DNA from specimens of Ophiocordyceps cuboidea, Ophiocordyceps ryogamiensis, Ophiocordyceps paracuboidea, Ophiocordyceps prolifica, Cordyceps ramosopulvinata, Cordyceps nipponica, and isolates of Polycephalomyces were combined with a broadly sampled dataset of Hypocreales. Phylogenetic analyses of these data revealed that these species represent a clade distinct from the other clavicipitoid genera. Applying the recently adopted single system of nomenclature, new taxonomic combinations are proposed for these species in the genus Polycephalomyces, which has been historically reserved for asexual or anamorphic taxa. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The British Mycological Society. C1 [Kepler, Ryan; Owensby, Catherine Alisha; Spatafora, Joseph W.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Ban, Sayaka] Natl Inst Technol & Evaluat, Dept Biotechnol, Kisarazu, Chiba 2920818, Japan. [Nakagiri, Akira] Tottori Univ, Div Genet Resource Preservat & Evaluat, Fungus Mushroom Resource & Res Ctr, Tottori 6808553, Japan. [Bischoff, Joseph] USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Hywel-Jones, Nigel] Bhutan Pharmaceut Private Ltd, Upper Motithang, Thimphu, Bhutan. RP Kepler, R (reprint author), USDA ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 38 TC 21 Z9 26 U1 5 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1878-6146 J9 FUNGAL BIOL-UK JI Fungal Biol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 117 IS 9 BP 611 EP 622 DI 10.1016/j.funbio.2013.06.002 PG 12 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 224PE UT WOS:000324899800004 PM 24012301 ER PT J AU Minnis, AM Lindner, DL AF Minnis, Andrew M. Lindner, Daniel L. TI Phylogenetic evaluation of Geomyces and allies reveals no close relatives of Pseudogymnoascus destructans, comb. nov., in bat hibernacula of eastern North America SO FUNGAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ascomycota; Chrysosporium; Lectotype; Leotiomycetes; Sporotrichum ID FUNGAL PATHOGEN; UNITED-STATES; RIBOSOMAL DNA; MIXED MODELS; SEQUENCES; EVOLUTION; NUCLEAR; GENUS; GYMNOSTELLATOSPORA; PSEUDEUROTIACEAE AB White-nose syndrome (WNS) of bats, caused by the fungus previously known as Geomyces destructans, has decimated populations of insectivorous bats in eastern North America. Recent work on fungi associated with bat hibernacula uncovered a large number of species of Geomyces and allies, far exceeding the number of described species. Communication about these species has been hindered by the lack of a modem taxonomic evaluation, and a phylogenetic framework of the group is needed to understand the origin of G. destructans and to target closely related species and their genomes for the purposes of understanding mechanisms of pathogenicity. We addressed these issues by generating DNA sequence data for the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, nuclear large subunit (LSU) rDNA, MCM7, RPB2, and TEF1 from a diverse array of Geomyces and allies that included isolates recovered from bat hibernacula as well as those that represent important type species. Phylogenetic analyses indicate Geomyces and allies should be classified in the family Pseudeurotiaceae, and the genera Geomyces, Gymnostellatospora, and Pseudogymnoascus should be recognized as distinct. True Geomyces are restricted to a basal lineage based on phylogenetic placement of the type species, Geomyces auratus. Thus, G. destructans is placed in genus Pseudogymnoascus. The closest relatives of Pseudogymnoascus destructans are members of the Pseudogymnoascus roseus species complex, however, the isolated and long branch of P. destructans indicates that none of the species included in this study are closely related, thus providing further support to the hypothesis that this pathogen is non-native and invasive in eastern North America. Several conidia-producing isolates from bat hibernacula previously identified as members of Pseudeurotium are determined to belong to the genus Leuconeurospora, which is widespread, especially in colder regions. Teberdinia hygrophila is transferred to Pseudeurotium as Pseudeurotium hygrophilum, comb. nov., in accordance with the one name per fungus system of classification, and two additional combinations are made in Pseudogymnoascus including Pseudogymnoascus carnis and Pseudogymnoascus pannorum. Additional sampling from other regions of the world is needed to better understand the evolution and biogeography of this important and diverse group of fungi. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The British Mycological Society. C1 [Minnis, Andrew M.; Lindner, Daniel L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Ctr Forest Mycol Res, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Lindner, DL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Ctr Forest Mycol Res, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM dlindner@fs.fed.us FU US Forest Service, Northern Research Station; US Fish and Wildlife Service [F11RG00184] FX Kyah Norton (CFMR) made this work possible by providing technical support in obtaining DNA sequence data. We thank Martha Christensen (Madison) and David Blehert, Jeff Lorch, and Michelle Verant (National Wildlife Health Center) for providing cultures and sharing ITS data. Conrad Schoch (NIH, NCBI) generously allowed use of an unpublished ITS sequence of Leuconeurospora pulcherrima. We also thank our colleagues Andrea Porras-Alfarro (Western Illinois University), Hazel Barton and Hannah Reynolds (The University of Akron), Miroslav Kolarik (Institute of Microbiology ASCR, Czech Republic), and Luiz Henrique Rosa and Vivian Nicolau Goncalves (Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil) for sharing and exchanging their published and unpublished data and isolates which were not included in this study. Andrea Gargas (Symbiology LLC) provided the bat icon for the tree figure and interesting discussions on introns. Jessie Glaeser and Karen Nakasone (CFMR) provided support, encouragement, and pre-submission reviews. Steve Rehner and Amy Rossman (Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory) kindly made additional suggestions that improved the manuscript. This work was supported by funds from the US Forest Service, Northern Research Station and a grant (Inter-Agency Agreement F11RG00184) from the US Fish and Wildlife Service. NR 83 TC 94 Z9 98 U1 12 U2 128 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1878-6146 EI 1878-6162 J9 FUNGAL BIOL-UK JI Fungal Biol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 117 IS 9 BP 638 EP 649 DI 10.1016/j.funbio.2013.07.001 PG 12 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 224PE UT WOS:000324899800006 PM 24012303 ER PT J AU Robichaud, PR Jordan, P Lewis, SA Ashmun, LE Covert, SA Brown, RE AF Robichaud, P. R. Jordan, P. Lewis, S. A. Ashmun, L. E. Covert, S. A. Brown, R. E. TI Evaluating the effectiveness of wood shred and agricultural straw mulches as a treatment to reduce post-wildfire hillslope erosion in southern British Columbia, Canada SO GEOMORPHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Erosion control; Runoff; Burned Area Emergency Response (BAER); Post-fire; Mitigation ID COLORADO FRONT RANGE; RUNOFF; FIRE; RAINFALL; MONTANA; USA; COVER; ASH AB After the 2009 Terrace Mountain fire near Kelowna, BC, Canada, wood shred and agricultural straw mulch effects on post-fire runoff and sediment yields were compared using three experimental techniques: rainfall simulations on 1-m(2) plots, concentrated flow (rill) simulations on 9-m long plots, and sediment yields from natural rainfall on 30-m(2) plots. All experimental plots were located on and along a planar hillslope burned at high severity. Experiments were conducted once a year for three consecutive years beginning in Sep 2009, except for the rainfall simulations which only were conducted the first two years. Although results varied by experiment and time since fire, both agricultural straw and wood shred mulch treatments performed similarly for reducing runoff and sediment; thus were combined into a single "treated" class for analyses. The mulch treatments were effective in reducing sediment yields as compared to the controls in all three experiments in 2009. In the rill simulation experiment, the mulch treatments significantly reduced overland flow velocity and increased the proportion of overland flow that infiltrated the soil before reaching the plot outlet. The elapsed time since the fire, which was strongly related to the increase in vegetative ground cover, was a significant factor for predicting sediment yields in the statistical models. Favorable spring rainfall in 2010 and 2011 supported rapid regrowth of vegetation, which recovered similarly on all plots regardless of treatment. The runoff and sediment yields on the treated plots were similar to those measured on the control plots a year later; we concluded that the mulch was, in effect, a surrogate for a year of recovery. Given that agricultural straw mulch is an established and effective post-fire hillslope treatment, it was important to find that wood shred mulch was similarly effective in reducing post-fire runoff and sediment yields. Thus, the choice of agricultural straw or wood shreds for a post-fire mulch treatment may be based on the performance characteristics (longevity, potential to carry invasive species seeds, cost, etc.) that best fit the needs of the site. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Robichaud, P. R.; Lewis, S. A.; Ashmun, L. E.; Brown, R. E.] US Forest Serv, US Dept Agr, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Jordan, P.; Covert, S. A.] Kootenay Lake Forestry Ctr, British Columbia Minist Forests Lands & Nat Resou, Nelson, BC, Canada. RP Robichaud, PR (reprint author), US Forest Serv, US Dept Agr, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. EM probichaud@fs.fed.us FU U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA); Forest Service and Department of Interior Joint Fire Science Program [07-1-1-01]; Rocky Mountain Research Station (USDA, Forest Service); BC Forest Investment Account FX Funding for this project was provided in part by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Forest Service and Department of Interior Joint Fire Science Program under Project 07-1-1-01 and the Rocky Mountain Research Station (USDA, Forest Service). Funding for the BC Forest Service team in 2009-2010 was provided by a research grant from the BC Forest Investment Account. The dedicated field crews from the Rocky Mountain Research Station were essential to the success of this research. Michael Curran, Amy O'Neill, Chuck Bulmer, and Will Burt, from the BC Forest Service staff, and David Scott, from the University of British Columbia, also contributed time and expertise to this study. Lastly, we wish to thank Bruce Sims, Gary Sheridan, and another anonymous reviewer for their insightful comments which were used to improve this manuscript. NR 53 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-555X J9 GEOMORPHOLOGY JI Geomorphology PD SEP 1 PY 2013 VL 197 BP 21 EP 33 DI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2013.04.024 PG 13 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 212NM UT WOS:000323990100003 ER PT J AU Stobbe, AH Daniels, J Espindola, AS Verma, R Melcher, U Ochoa-Corona, F Garzon, C Fletcher, J Schneider, W AF Stobbe, Anthony H. Daniels, Jon Espindola, Andres S. Verma, Ruchi Melcher, Ulrich Ochoa-Corona, Francisco Garzon, Carla Fletcher, Jacqueline Schneider, William TI E-probe Diagnostic Nucleic acid Analysis (EDNA): A theoretical approach for handling of next generation sequencing data for diagnostics SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Bioinformatics; Next-generation sequencing; Pathogen detection ID METAGENOMIC ANALYSIS; CROP BIOSECURITY; COMMUNITY AB Plant biosecurity requires rapid identification of pathogenic organisms. While there are many pathogen-specific diagnostic assays, the ability to test for large numbers of pathogens simultaneously is lacking. Next generation sequencing (NGS) allows one to detect all organisms within a given sample, but has computational limitations during assembly and similarity searching of sequence data which extend the time needed to make a diagnostic decision. To minimize the amount of bioinformatic processing time needed, unique pathogen-specific sequences (termed e-probes) were designed to be used in searches of unassembled, non-quality checked, sequence data. E-probes have been designed and tested for several selected phytopathogens, including an RNA virus, a DNA virus, bacteria, fungi, and an oomycete, illustrating the ability to detect several diverse plant pathogens. E-probes of 80 or more nucleotides in length provided satisfactory levels of precision (75%). The number of e-probes designed for each pathogen varied with the genome size of the pathogen. To give confidence to diagnostic calls, a statistical method of determining the presence of a given pathogen was developed, in which target e-probe signals (detection signal) are compared to signals generated by a decoy set of e-probes (background signal). The E-probe Diagnostic Nucleic acid Analysis (EDNA) process provides the framework for a new sequence-based detection system that eliminates the need for assembly of NGS data. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Stobbe, Anthony H.; Verma, Ruchi; Melcher, Ulrich] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Daniels, Jon; Espindola, Andres S.; Ochoa-Corona, Francisco; Garzon, Carla; Fletcher, Jacqueline] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Schneider, William] USDA ARS, Foreign Dis Weed Sci Res Unit, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Schneider, W (reprint author), 1301 Ditto Ave,Bldg 1301, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM william.schneider@ars.usda.gov RI Espindola, Andres/A-5056-2016 OI Espindola, Andres/0000-0002-9658-0673 FU USDA-CSREES Plant Biosecurity Program [2010-85605-20542] FX This work was funded by the USDA-CSREES Plant Biosecurity Program, grant number 2010-85605-20542. The authors would like to thank Dr. Rakesh Kaundal for a critical review of this manuscript. NR 29 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7012 J9 J MICROBIOL METH JI J. Microbiol. Methods PD SEP PY 2013 VL 94 IS 3 BP 356 EP 366 DI 10.1016/j.mimet.2013.07.002 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 221NB UT WOS:000324664500031 PM 23867249 ER PT J AU Palencia, ER Glenn, AE Hinton, DM Bacon, CW AF Palencia, Edwin Rene Glenn, Anthony Elbie Hinton, Dorothy Mae Bacon, Charles Wilson TI Constitutive expression of fluorescent protein by Aspergillus var. niger and Aspergillus carbonarius to monitor fungal colonization in maize plants SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Aspergillus niger var. niger; A. carbonarius; Black aspergilli; Yellow fluorescent protein; Red fluorescent protein; Ochratoxin ID OCHRATOXIN-A PRODUCTION; BLACK ASPERGILLI; ENDOPHYTIC COLONIZATION; MEDIATED TRANSFORMATION; FUSARIUM-MONILIFORME; NATURAL OCCURRENCE; STRAINS; ARGENTINA; GRAPES; DELETION AB Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus carbonarius are two species in the Aspergillus section Nigri (black-spored aspergilli) frequently associated with peanut (Arachis hypogea), maize (Zea mays), and other plants as pathogens. These infections are symptomless and as such are major concerns since some black aspergilli produce important mycotoxins, ochratoxins A, and the fumonisins. To facilitate the study of the black aspergilli-maize interactions with maize during the early stages of infections, we developed a method that used the enhanced yellow fluorescent protein (eYFP) and the monomeric red fluorescent protein (mRFP(1)) to transform A. niger and A. carbonarius, respectively. The results were constitutive expressions of the fluorescent genes that were stable in the cytoplasms of hyphae and conidia under natural environmental conditions. The hyphal in planta distribution in 21-day-old seedlings of maize were similar wild type and transformants of A. niger and A. carbonarius. The in planta studies indicated that both wild type and transformants internally colonized leaf, stem and root tissues of maize seedlings, without any visible disease symptoms. Yellow and red fluorescent strains were capable of invading epidermal cells of maize roots intercellularly within the first 3 days after inoculation, but intracellular hyphal growth was more evident after 7 days of inoculation. We also tested the capacity of fluorescent transformants to produce ochratoxin A and the results with A. carbonarius showed that this transgenic strain produced similar concentrations of this secondary metabolite. This is the first report on the in planta expression of fluorescent proteins that should be useful to study the internal plant colonization patterns of two ochratoxigenic species in the Aspergillus section Nigri. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Palencia, Edwin Rene; Glenn, Anthony Elbie; Hinton, Dorothy Mae; Bacon, Charles Wilson] ARS, USDA, Toxicol & Mycotoxin Res Unit, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Bacon, CW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Toxicol & Mycotoxin Res Unit, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM charles.bacon@ars.usda.gov NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7012 EI 1872-8359 J9 J MICROBIOL METH JI J. Microbiol. Methods PD SEP PY 2013 VL 94 IS 3 BP 381 EP 389 DI 10.1016/j.mimet.2013.07.016 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 221NB UT WOS:000324664500035 PM 23899775 ER PT J AU Monfared, MM Carles, CC Rossignol, P Pires, HR Fletcher, JC AF Monfared, Mona M. Carles, Cristel C. Rossignol, Pascale Pires, Helena R. Fletcher, Jennifer C. TI The ULT1 and ULT2 trxG Genes Play Overlapping Roles in Arabidopsis Development and Gene Regulation SO MOLECULAR PLANT LA English DT Article DE trxG factor; epigenetics; stem cells; Arabidopsis; polarity; ULTRAPETALA ID STEM-CELL MAINTENANCE; FLOWERING-LOCUS-C; POLYCOMB-GROUP PROTEINS; SHOOT APICAL MERISTEM; SET-DOMAIN PROTEINS; FLORAL MERISTEM; HISTONE H3; BINDING PROTEIN; TRITHORAX; GYNOECIUM AB We demonstrate that the Arabidopsis trxG genes ULTRAPETALA1 (ULT1) and ULT2 together restrict shoot and floral stem cell activity and establish apical-basal gynoecium polarity. The proteins physically associate and regulate meristem and flower transcription factor genes, indicating that plant trxG factors control key developmental targets.The epigenetic regulation of gene expression is critical for ensuring the proper deployment and stability of defined genome transcription programs at specific developmental stages. The cellular memory of stable gene expression states during animal and plant development is mediated by the opposing activities of Polycomb group (PcG) factors and trithorax group (trxG) factors. Yet, despite their importance, only a few trxG factors have been characterized in plants and their roles in regulating plant development are poorly defined. In this work, we report that the closely related Arabidopsis trxG genes ULTRAPETALA1 (ULT1) and ULT2 have overlapping functions in regulating shoot and floral stem cell accumulation, with ULT1 playing a major role but ULT2 also making a minor contribution. The two genes also have a novel, redundant activity in establishing the apicalbasal polarity axis of the gynoecium, indicating that they function in differentiating tissues. Like ULT1 proteins, ULT2 proteins have a dual nuclear and cytoplasmic localization, and the two proteins physically associate in planta. Finally, we demonstrate that ULT1 and ULT2 have very similar overexpression phenotypes and regulate a common set of key development target genes, including floral MADS-box genes and class I KNOX genes. Our results reveal that chromatin remodeling mediated by the ULT1 and ULT2 proteins is necessary to control the development of meristems and reproductive organs. They also suggest that, like their animal counterparts, plant trxG proteins may function in multi-protein complexes to up-regulate the expression of key stage- and tissue-specific developmental regulatory genes. C1 [Monfared, Mona M.; Carles, Cristel C.; Rossignol, Pascale; Pires, Helena R.; Fletcher, Jennifer C.] USDA ARS UC Berkeley, Ctr Plant Gene Express, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Monfared, Mona M.; Carles, Cristel C.; Rossignol, Pascale; Pires, Helena R.; Fletcher, Jennifer C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Carles, Cristel C.] CNRS, UMR5168, F-38054 Grenoble, France. [Carles, Cristel C.] Univ Grenoble Alpes, UMR5168, F-38041 Grenoble, France. [Carles, Cristel C.] CEA, iRTSV, Lab Physiol Cellulaire & Vegetale, F-38054 Grenoble, France. [Carles, Cristel C.] INRA, F-38054 Grenoble, France. [Rossignol, Pascale] Yale Univ, Dept Mol Cellular & Dev Biol, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Pires, Helena R.] Univ Porto, Fac Ciencias, P-4100 Oporto, Portugal. RP Fletcher, JC (reprint author), USDA ARS UC Berkeley, Ctr Plant Gene Express, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM jfletcher@berkeley.edu OI Pires, Helena/0000-0001-8351-0812 FU Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology [SFRH/BD/22517/2005]; National Science Foundation [IOS-1052050] FX This work is supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (SFRH/BD/22517/2005 - Ph.D fellowship to H.R.P.) and the National Science Foundation (IOS-1052050 to J.C.F.). NR 70 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 13 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1674-2052 J9 MOL PLANT JI Mol. Plant. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 6 IS 5 BP 1564 EP 1579 DI 10.1093/mp/sst041 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 223SK UT WOS:000324829400015 PM 23446032 ER PT J AU Horn, BW Olarte, RA Peterson, SW Carbone, I AF Horn, Bruce W. Olarte, Rodrigo A. Peterson, Stephen W. Carbone, Ignazio TI Sexual reproduction in Aspergillus tubingensis from section Nigri SO MYCOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE ascospores; Aspergillus flavus; A. niger; heterothallism; mating type; sclerotium; stroma ID PHYLOGENETIC SPECIES RECOGNITION; AFLATOXIN GENE-CLUSTER; THAI COFFEE BEANS; BLACK ASPERGILLI; DNA-SEQUENCES; OCHRATOXIN-A; RECOMBINATION; PARASITICUS; FLAVUS; NIGER AB A sclerotium-forming member of Aspergillus section Nigri was sampled from a population in a single field in North Carolina, USA, and identified as A. tubingensis based on genealogical concordance analysis. Aspergillus tubingensis was shown to be heterothallic, with individual strains containing either a MAT1-1 or MAT1-2 mating-type gene. Strains of opposite mating type were crossed on mixed cereal agar and incubated for 5-6 months. Stromata typically formed 1-2 indehiscent ascocarps containing asci and ascospores within the pseudo-parenchymatous matrix in a manner similar to the Petromyces sexual stage from section Flavi, which is closely related to section Nigri. Ascospores of A. tubingensis differed from those of section Flavi species in the reticulate ornamentation of ascospores and the presence of two crests that form an equatorial furrow. Sexual reproduction in A. tubingensis may be useful for enhancing enzyme and organic acid production through recombination-mediated genetic engineering of industrial strains. C1 [Horn, Bruce W.] Agr Res Serv, Natl Peanut Res Lab, USDA, Dawson, GA 39842 USA. [Olarte, Rodrigo A.; Carbone, Ignazio] N Carolina State Univ, Ctr Integrated Fungal Res, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Peterson, Stephen W.] Agr Res Serv, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Horn, BW (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, Natl Peanut Res Lab, USDA, Dawson, GA 39842 USA. EM bruce.horn@ars.usda.gov FU North Carolina Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service [2008-34500-19396]; National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service [2005-35319-16126]; USDA-NIFA FX Appreciation is given to Travis Walk and Amy McGovern for technical assistance and to Valerie K. Lapham at the Center for Electron Microscopy (NC State University) for assistance with the SEM. This work was supported in part by the North Carolina Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service 2008-34500-19396 and by the National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service, Grant No. 2005-35319-16126 to I. Carbone. R. A. Olarte was supported by a USDA-NIFA Pre-Doctoral Fellowship. NR 59 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 23 PU ALLEN PRESS INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0027-5514 J9 MYCOLOGIA JI Mycologia PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 105 IS 5 BP 1153 EP 1163 DI 10.3852/13-101 PG 11 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 217JG UT WOS:000324355200006 PM 23709489 ER PT J AU Fajolu, OL Wadl, PA Vu, AL Gwinn, KD Scheffler, BE Trigiano, RN Ownley, BH AF Fajolu, Oluseyi L. Wadl, Phillip A. Vu, Andrea L. Gwinn, Kimberly D. Scheffler, Brian E. Trigiano, Robert N. Ownley, Bonnie H. TI Development and characterization of simple sequence repeats for Bipolaris sorokiniana and cross transferability to related species SO MYCOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE biofuels; Cochliobolus sativus; genetic variability; microsatellites; resistant cultivars; spot blotch; switchgrass ID COCHLIOBOLUS-SATIVUS; 1ST REPORT; MICROSATELLITES; SWITCHGRASS; DIVERSITY; LIBRARIES; VIRULENCE; MARKERS AB Simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers were developed from a small insert genomic library for Bipolaris sorokiniana, a mitosporic fungal pathogen that causes spot blotch and root rot in switchgrass. About 59% of sequenced clones (n = 384) harbored SSR motifs. After eliminating redundant sequences, 196 SSR loci were identified, of which 84.7% were dinucleotide repeats and 9.7% and 5.6% were tii- and tetra-nucleotide repeats, respectively. Primer pairs were designed for 105 loci and 85 successfully amplified loci. Sixteen polymorphic loci were characterized with 15 B. sorokiniana isolates obtained from infected switchgrass plant materials collected from five states in USA. These loci successfully cross-amplified isolates from at least one related species, including Bipolaris oryzae, Bipolaris spicifera and Bipolaris victoriae, that causes leaf spot on switchgrass. Haploid gene diversity per locus across all isolates studied varied 0.633-0.861. Principal component analysis of SSR data clustered isolates according to their respective species. These SSR markers will be a valuable tool for genetic variability and population studies of B. sorokiniana and related species that are pathogenic on switchgrass and other host plants. In addition, these markers are potential diagnostic tools for species in the genus Bipolaris. C1 [Fajolu, Oluseyi L.; Wadl, Phillip A.; Vu, Andrea L.; Gwinn, Kimberly D.; Trigiano, Robert N.; Ownley, Bonnie H.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Scheffler, Brian E.] USDA ARS, Genom & Bioinformat Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Ownley, BH (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM bownley@utk.edu OI Scheffler, Brian/0000-0003-1968-8952 FU Southeastern Sun Grant Center; U.S. Department of Transportation; AgResearch at the University of Tennessee, Institute of Agriculture FX This research was financially supported by the Southeastern Sun Grant Center, the U.S. Department of Transportation and AgResearch at the University of Tennessee, Institute of Agriculture. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 17 PU ALLEN PRESS INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0027-5514 J9 MYCOLOGIA JI Mycologia PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 105 IS 5 BP 1164 EP 1173 DI 10.3852/12-210 PG 10 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 217JG UT WOS:000324355200007 PM 23709521 ER PT J AU Amaradasa, BS Horvath, BJ Lakshman, DK Warnke, SE AF Amaradasa, B. S. Horvath, B. J. Lakshman, D. K. Warnke, S. E. TI DNA fingerprinting and anastomosis grouping reveal similar genetic diversity in Rhizoctonia species infecting turfgrasses in the transition zone of USA SO MYCOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE binucleate Rhizoctonia; rDNA-ITS; Rhizoctonia solani; turfgrass; UP-PCR; Waitea circinata ID CIRCINATA VAR. CIRCINATA; BROWN RING PATCH; UP-PCR; SOLANI COMPLEX; FUNGICIDES; IDENTIFICATION; SENSITIVITY; RDNA; PATHOGENICITY; TRICHODERMA AB Rhizoctonia blight is a common and serious disease of many turfgrass species. The most widespread causal agent, Thanatephorus cucumeris (anamorph: R. solani), consists of several genetically different subpopulations. In addition, Waitea circinata varieties zeae, oryzae and circinata (anamorph: Rhizoctonia spp.) also can cause the disease. Accurate identification of the causal pathogen is important for effective management of the disease. It is challenging to distinguish the specific causal pathogen based on disease symptoms or macroscopic and microscopic morphology. Traditional methods such as anastomosis reactions with tester isolates are time consuming and sometimes difficult to interpret. In the present study universally primed PCR (UP-PCR) fingerprinting was used to assess genetic diversity of Rhizoctonia spp. infecting turfgrasses. Eighty-four Rhizoctonia isolates were sampled from diseased turfgrass leaves from seven distinct geographic areas in Virginia and Maryland. Rhizoctonia isolates were characterized by ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (rDNA-ITS) region and UP-PCR. The isolates formed seven clusters based on ITS sequences analysis and un-weighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) clustering of UP-PCR markers, which corresponded well with anastomosis groups (AGs) of the isolates. Isolates of R. solani AG 1-IB (n = 18), AG 2-2IIIB (n = 30) and AG 5 (n = 1) clustered separately. Waitea circinata var. zeae (n = 9) and var. circinata (n = 4) grouped separately. A cluster of six isolates of Waitea (UWC) did not fall into any known Waitea variety.. The binucleate Rhizoctonia-like fungi (BNR) (n = 16) clustered into two groups. Rhizoctonia solani AG 2-2IIIB was the most dominant pathogen in this study, followed by AG 1-IB. There was no relationship between the geographic origin of the isolates and clustering of isolates based on the genetic associations. To our knowledge this is the first time UP-PCR was used to characterize Rhizoctonia, Waitea and Ceratobasidium isolates to their infra-species level. C1 [Amaradasa, B. S.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Horvath, B. J.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Plant Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Lakshman, D. K.; Warnke, S. E.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr W, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Lakshman, DK (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr W, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Dilip.Lakshman@ars.usda.gov FU United States Golf Association FX This research was financially supported by the United States Golf Association. We also appreciate the training and suggestions provided by Dr Bruce Martin, Clemson University, for anastomosis grouping, and the assistance provided by David McCall, Virginia Tech, in making this research a success. The authors also greatly appreciate all the support and help given to them by colleagues and co-workers at Beltsville Agricultural Research Center (BARC), Beltsville, Maryland. Especially Dr Keenan Amundsen's advice and assistance greatly helped in analyzing molecular data. NR 40 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 20 PU ALLEN PRESS INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0027-5514 J9 MYCOLOGIA JI Mycologia PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 105 IS 5 BP 1190 EP 1201 DI 10.3852/12-368 PG 12 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 217JG UT WOS:000324355200009 PM 23709576 ER PT J AU Herrera, CS Rossman, AY Samuels, GJ Chaverri, P AF Herrera, Cesar S. Rossman, Amy Y. Samuels, Gary J. Chaverri, Priscila TI Pseudocosmospora, a new genus to accommodate Cosmospora vilior and related species SO MYCOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE fungal systematics; GCPSR; Mycoparasite; Nectria; one-to-one genus concept ID HYPOCREALES; NECTRIACEAE; FUNGI; BIONECTRIACEAE; ASCOMYCOTA; ANAMORPHS; FUSARIUM; LINEAGE AB Cosmospora sensu Rossman accommodated nectroid fungi with small, reddish, smooth, thin-walled perithecia but recently was found to be polyphyletic and has been segregated into multiple genera. Not all cosmospora-like fungi have been treated systematically. Some of these species include C. vilior and many specimens often labeled "Cosmospora sp." The objectives of this research were to establish the identity of C. vilior through epitypication using a recent collection that agrees with the type specimen in morphology, host and geography and to determine its phylogenetic position within Cosmospora sensu lato and the Nectriaceae. A multilocus phylogeny was constructed based on six loci (ITS, LSU, MCM7, rpb1, tef1, tub) to estimate a phylogeny. Results from the phylogenetic analyses indicated that C. vilior forms a monophyletic group with other cosmospora-like fungi that have an acremonium-like anamorph and that parasitize Eutypa and Eutypella (Ascomycota, Sordariomycetes, Xylariales, Diatrypaceae). The group is phylogenetically distinct from other previously segregated genera. A new genus, Pseudocosmospora, is described to accommodate the type species, P. eutypellae, and nine additional species in this clade. C1 [Herrera, Cesar S.; Chaverri, Priscila] Univ Maryland, Dept Plant Sci & Landscape Architecture, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Rossman, Amy Y.; Samuels, Gary J.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Herrera, CS (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Plant Sci & Landscape Architecture, 2112 Plant Sci Bldg, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM csherrer@umd.edu OI Chaverri, Priscila/0000-0002-8486-6033 FU United States National Science Foundation (NSF) PEET grant [DEB-0731510] FX We gratefully acknowledge the assistance of the curators and their staff of the herbaria from which specimens were generously loaned. These herbaria include U.S. National Fungus Collection (BPI), William and Lynda Steere Herbarium, New York Botanical Garden (NY) and Herbarium of the Botany Department, Swedish Museum of National History (S). We also are grateful for the help of Yuuri Hirooka (Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Japan), Peter Johnston (Landcare Research, New Zealand), Carlos Mendez (University of Costa Rica), John Plitschke (Pennsylvania), Andrea Romero and Romina Sanchez (Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biologia Experimental, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina) and Catalina Salgado (PSLA, UMD, USA) for contributing in the organization and collection of various specimens on collecting trips. The first author especially thanks Chun-Juan Wang (State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry) for mentoring the author as an undergraduate and guiding the author into the field of mycology. The first author also thanks current and former colleagues at USDA-ARS, SMML (USA) and PSLA, University of Maryland (USA) laboratories, for their moral support. This study was financially supported by the United States National Science Foundation (NSF) PEET grant DEB-0731510 Monographic Studies in the Nectriaceae, Hypocreales: Nectria, Cosmospora, and Neonectria to P. Chaverri, A.Y. Rossman and G.J. Samuels. NR 46 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 6 PU ALLEN PRESS INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0027-5514 J9 MYCOLOGIA JI Mycologia PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 105 IS 5 BP 1287 EP 1305 DI 10.3852/12-395 PG 19 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 217JG UT WOS:000324355200016 PM 23921243 ER PT J AU DiGirolomo, MF Allen, DC Stehman, SV Stout, SL Wiedenbeck, J AF DiGirolomo, Marc F. Allen, Douglas C. Stehman, Stephen V. Stout, Susan L. Wiedenbeck, Jan TI Insect Damage to Wind-Thrown and Standing Live Black Cherry Resulting From Delayed Salvage After a Major Abiotic Disturbance SO NORTHERN JOURNAL OF APPLIED FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE black cherry; wood-boring insects; timber salvage; Saperda imitans; Xyleborinus saxiseni; Phloeotribus liminaris; storm damage ID AMBROSIA BEETLE COLEOPTERA; SCOLYTIDAE; WINDTHROW; FORESTS AB Severe windstorms that swept through three counties in northwestern Pennsylvania on July 21 and 22, 2003, caused extensive blowdown in many northern hardwood stands containing an extensive component of black cherry, Prunus serotina Ehrh. Although many species were affected by the storm, black cherry is the most valuable timber species in the region. A number of factors prevented salvage until 3 years after the storm. The purposes of this study were to identify the wood-boring insects that attacked damaged cherry and to estimate the value lost due to delayed salvage. The long-horned beetle Saperda imitans Felt and Joutel (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) and the ambrosia beetle Xyleborinus saxeseni (Ratz.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) were the most abundant wood borers reared from wind-thrown cherry. We also monitored both changes in the population of the bark beetle Phoeotribus liminaris (Ratz.) and the damage it caused to live residual cherry. Based on the average depth of S. imitans galleries and associated stain, the estimated grade loss of a 25-cm (10 in.) cherry log (large end) after slab removal was approximately 27% and for a 102-cm (40 in.) log it was 3.6%. Wood borer galleries occurred throughout the first 5.2 m (17 ft) of the butt log as well as in the upper bole and larger branches. The density of ambrosia beetle galleries on wind-thrown trees was highest on trees with dying and dead epicormics than on trees with live epicormics and higher on trees suspended off the ground. Catches of X. saxeseni in ethanol-baited, Lindgren funnel traps increased significantly from 2005 to 2006 as did numbers of P. liminaris and the gum spot damage these insects did to residual live cherry in 2005 compared with that in 2004. Results of this study indicate that the extent of insect damage after this abiotic disturbance was influenced by the time of year the damage occurred relative to the temporal activity of the insects involved and emphasizes the importance of swift salvage. C1 [DiGirolomo, Marc F.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Durham, NH USA. [Allen, Douglas C.] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Dept Environm & Forest Biol, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Stehman, Stephen V.] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Dept Forest & Nat Resources Management, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Stout, Susan L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Irvine, PA USA. [Wiedenbeck, Jan] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Princeton, WV USA. RP DiGirolomo, MF (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Durham, NH USA. EM mfdigiro@yahoo.com; dcallen@esf.edu; svstehma@syr.edu; sstout@fs.fed.us; jwiedenbeck@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station FX The project was funded in part by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station. We thank Rene H. Germain, Department of Forest and Natural Resources Management, and Kim B. Adams, Department of Environmental and Forest Biology, State University College of Environmental Science and Forestry (Syracuse, NY) and Albert E. Mayfield, USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station (Asheville, NC) for reviewing the manuscript. Robert J. Rabaglia, USDA Forest Service (Washington, DC) verified identifications of all ambrosia beetles. Edward R. Hoebeke, Department of Entomology, University of Georgia (Athens, GA) verified identification of Saperda imitans. NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 23 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0742-6348 J9 NORTH J APPL FOR JI North. J. Appl. For. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 30 IS 3 BP 101 EP 108 DI 10.5849/njaf.12-032 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 219UD UT WOS:000324535100001 ER PT J AU Steele, KL Kabrick, JM Dey, DC Jensen, RG AF Steele, Kyle L. Kabrick, John M. Dey, Daniel C. Jensen, Randy G. TI Restoring Riparian Forests in the Missouri Ozarks SO NORTHERN JOURNAL OF APPLIED FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE artificial regeneration; natural regeneration; bottomland hardwood forests; ecological restoration ID MISSISSIPPI ALLUVIAL VALLEY; BOTTOMLAND; REFORESTATION; RESTORATION; HARDWOODS; MORTALITY; ECOLOGY AB Restoring the function of riparian forest ecosystems has become a primary objective of many land management agencies throughout the central hardwood region, and consequently, much emphasis has been placed on planting native hardwood tree species in former bottomland agricultural fields. However, there is little information providing successful restoration techniques in old-field riparian ecosystems, especially in the Ozark highlands ecoregion of Missouri. Objectives of this study were to examine the efficacy of two herbicide and three cover-crop vegetation management treatments on the (1) composition and density of competing vegetation, (2) survival and height growth of planted seedlings of 13 native bottomland tree species, and (3) the density and composition of natural reproduction colonizing three old-field riparian sites in the Missouri Ozarks. Overall, we found selection of tree species was a more important determinant of afforestation success (i.e., high survival and height growth) than the type of vegetation management used during establishment. Planting bareroot stock is an important strategy for establishing hardmast species because there is little evidence that they will colonize naturally very quickly following abandonment of tall fescue pastures in Ozark bottomlands. C1 [Steele, Kyle L.] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Albert Lea, MN USA. [Kabrick, John M.; Dey, Daniel C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Steele, KL (reprint author), Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Albert Lea, MN USA. EM Kyle.Steele@mn.usda.gov FU MDC Resource Science Division FX We also thank MDC Forest Systems field station supervisor Tom Nichols and the MDC Resource Science Division for supporting our project and providing funding. Greg Hoss (MDC) provided the seedlings. Jerry Van Sambeek, USDA Forest Service, was influential in developing our experimental design. Dennis Meinert and John Horton (Missouri Department of Natural Resources) mapped the soils. Finally, we thank the dozens of field technicians for their hard work and countless hours spent in planting trees and collecting data for this project. NR 42 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 21 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0742-6348 J9 NORTH J APPL FOR JI North. J. Appl. For. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 30 IS 3 BP 109 EP 117 DI 10.5849/njaf.12-045 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 219UD UT WOS:000324535100002 ER PT J AU Kochenderfer, JD Kochenderfer, JN Miller, GW AF Kochenderfer, Jeffrey D. Kochenderfer, James N. Miller, Gary W. TI Extending the Time Interval for Applying Herbicide in Cut-Stump Treatments on American Beech SO NORTHERN JOURNAL OF APPLIED FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE American beech; herbicides; glyphosate; cut-stump treatment; time interval; root sprouts; stump sprouts ID STRIPED MAPLE; REGENERATION; FORESTS; ROOT AB American Beech (Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.) root sprouts often form dense understories that interfere with tree reproduction throughout much of the eastern hardwood region. The cut-stump treatment, whereby herbicide is applied to the stump within a few hours after a larger beech is felled, has been shown to mitigate the interference problem by eliminating beech stems attached to the parent tree's root system. Forest managers are often reluctant to prescribe this treatment because the short time interval between felling the tree and applying herbicide requires the applicator to work in proximity to an active logging operation, raising concerns about safety and efficiency. This study measured the efficacy of the cut-stump treatment on American beech root and stump sprouts for eight time intervals, ranging from 1 to 120 hours, on a 60-acre study site in central West Virginia. Glyphosate as Razor Pro herbicide was diluted to a 65.6% solution with water (26.9% active ingredient) and applied to the outer 2 in. of beech stumps from trees 11-15 in. dbh. The treatments were applied during a cool humid period in September and evaluated 12 months later. Control of root sprouts ranged from 71 to 86%, with no significant differences among the 1- to 96-hour treatments. Efficacy dropped to 50% and 1% for the 120-hour treatment and control treatment, respectively. Stump sprouts were prevented on all stumps treated within 96 hours of tree severing. The results indicated that herbicide can be applied to beech stumps up to four days after severing without reducing control of root and stump sprouts under the conditions in this study. The longer time interval will improve feasibility, safety, and efficiency of the cut-stump treatment. In practice, the effective time interval may vary depending on season of the year and weather conditions. C1 [Kochenderfer, Jeffrey D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Petersburg, WV USA. [Kochenderfer, James N.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Parsons, WV USA. [Miller, Gary W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Kochenderfer, JD (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Petersburg, WV USA. EM jdkochenderfer@fs.fed.us; jkochenderfer@frontiernet.net; gwmiller@fs.fed.us NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 11 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0742-6348 J9 NORTH J APPL FOR JI North. J. Appl. For. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 30 IS 3 BP 118 EP 124 DI 10.5849/njaf.12-033 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 219UD UT WOS:000324535100003 ER PT J AU Kabrick, JM Dwyer, JP Shifley, SR O'Neil, BS AF Kabrick, John M. Dwyer, John P. Shifley, Stephen R. O'Neil, Brandon S. TI Components and Nutrient Concentrations of Small-Diameter Woody Biomass for Energy SO NORTHERN JOURNAL OF APPLIED FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE biomass; small-diameter trees; harvesting; thinning; nutrients ID FOREST; OAK; SOILS AB The growing interest in using woody biomass for energy offers a potential opportunity to commercially remove cohorts of small-diameter trees (< 25 cm dbh) during thinning operations that otherwise have little or no economic value. However, there is little information about the quantity of biomass and the nutrients that would be removed during small-diameter harvests in oak stands of the Central Hardwood Region. The objectives of the study were to quantify biomass removals by component (foliage, twigs, bark, and stemwood) and the nutrient concentrations within components for estimating quantities of both wood and nutrients that would be removed under alternative harvest prescriptions. White oak was the most common species harvested; others included post oak, black oak, mockernut hickory, American elm, persimmon, white ash, and dogwood. Sampling indicated that heartwood and sapwood comprised most of the biomass (78-79%) followed by bark (15%), twigs (4-5%), and leaves (about 2%). Estimated nutrient removals during a small-diameter harvest in this region were 1.3-3 times greater than during conventional sawlog harvests. The relatively high nutrient removals that can occur for biomass harvesting compared to traditional sawlog harvests underscore an ongoing need to ensure that nutrient removals during biomass harvesting do not exceed inputs from soil mineral weathering and the atmosphere. C1 [Kabrick, John M.; Shifley, Stephen R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO USA. [Dwyer, John P.] Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Kabrick, JM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO USA. EM jkabrick@fs.fed.us; dwyerj@missouri.edu; sshifley@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service, Mark Twain National Forest; USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station; Forestry Departments of Auburn University; University of Missouri FX Support for this study was provided by the USDA Forest Service, Mark Twain National Forest, the USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station, and the Forestry Departments of Auburn University and the University of Missouri. We thank Dr. Laura Kenefic of the USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station, Dr. Hank Stelzer of the University of Missouri Forestry Department, and three anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0742-6348 J9 NORTH J APPL FOR JI North. J. Appl. For. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 30 IS 3 BP 137 EP 142 DI 10.5849/njaf.11-030 PG 6 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 219UD UT WOS:000324535100006 ER PT J AU Moya, R Wiemann, MC Olivares, C AF Moya, Roger Wiemann, Michael C. Olivares, Carlos TI Identification of endangered or threatened Costa Rican tree species by wood anatomy and fluorescence activity SO REVISTA DE BIOLOGIA TROPICAL LA English DT Article DE fluorescence; Costa Rican woods; tropical woods; wood identification key ID CITES; LEGUMINOSAE AB A total of 45 native Costa Rican tree species are threatened or in danger of extinction, but the Convention on International Trade Endangered Species (CITES) includes only eight of these in its Appendices. However, the identification of other species based on their wood anatomy is limited. The present study objective was to describe and to compare wood anatomy and fluorescence activity in some endangered or threatened species of Costa Rica. A total of 45 (22 endangered and 23 threatened with extinction) wood samples of these species, from the xylaria of the Instituto Tecnologico de Costa Rica and the Forest Products Laboratory in Madison, Wisconsin, were examined. Surface fluorescence was positive in eight species, water extract fluorescence was positive in six species and ethanol extract fluorescence was positive in 24 species. Almost all species were diffuse porous except for occasional (Cedrela odorata, C. fissilis, Cordia gerascanthus) or regular (C. salvadorensis and C. tonduzii) semi-ring porosity. A dendritic vessel arrangement was found in Sideroxylon capari, and pores were solitary in Guaiacum sanctum and Vantanea barbourii. Vessel element length was shortest in Guaiacum sanctum and longest in Humiriastrum guianensis, Minquartia guianensis and Vantanea barbourii. Finally, anatomical information and fluorescence activity were utilized to construct an identification key of species, in which fluorescence is a feature used in identification. C1 [Moya, Roger; Olivares, Carlos] Inst Tecnol Costa Rica, Escuela Ingn Forestal, Cartago, Costa Rica. [Wiemann, Michael C.] USDA Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Moya, R (reprint author), Inst Tecnol Costa Rica, Escuela Ingn Forestal, Apartado 159-7050, Cartago, Costa Rica. EM rmoya@itcr.ac.cr; mwiemann@fs.fed.us; colivares@itcr.ac.cr RI Moya, Roger/B-9008-2012 OI Moya, Roger/0000-0002-6201-8383 FU Council for International Exchange of Scholars of the Department of Scholar; Professional Programs of USA, Premios Ford de Conservacion of Ford Motor Company; Vicerrectoria de Investigacion y Extension del Instituto Tecnologico de Costa Rica (ITCR) FX The authors wish to thank The Council for International Exchange of Scholars of the Department of Scholar and Professional Programs of USA, Premios Ford de Conservacion of Ford Motor Company, and Vicerrectoria de Investigacion y Extension del Instituto Tecnologico de Costa Rica (ITCR) for financial support of this research. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 10 PU REVISTA DE BIOLOGIA TROPICAL PI SAN JOSE PA UNIVERSIDAD DE COSTA RICA CIUDAD UNIVERSITARIA, SAN JOSE, 00000, COSTA RICA SN 0034-7744 J9 REV BIOL TROP JI Rev. Biol. Trop. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 61 IS 3 BP 1133 EP 1156 PG 24 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 219LT UT WOS:000324509200012 PM 24027913 ER PT J AU Calderon, F Haddix, M Conant, R Magrini-Bair, K Paul, E AF Calderon, Francisco Haddix, Michelle Conant, Richard Magrini-Bair, Kimberly Paul, Eldor TI Diffuse-Reflectance Fourier-Transform Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy as a Method of Characterizing Changes in Soil Organic Matter SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID FT-IR SPECTROSCOPY; DRIFT SPECTROSCOPY; FOREST SOILS; CARBON; FRACTIONS; NMR; INCUBATION; DYNAMICS; DECOMPOSITION; ACIDS AB Diffuse-reflectance Fourier-transform mid-infrared spectroscopy (MidIR) can identify the presence of important organic functional groups in soil organic matter (SOM); however, spectral interpretation needs to be validated to correctly assess changes in SOM quality and quantity. We amended soils with known standards, increasing the total C in the sample by 50%, and measured changes in MidIR spectra. Adenine, casein, cellulose, ergosterol, glucosamine, glycine, guanine, indole, methionine, palmitic acid, egg protein, chlorophyllin, tannic acid, xylose, urease, and vanillin standards were used. In addition, corn (Zea mays L.) stalk feedstock and two chars produced at different temperatures were studied. Two soils were used: a Hoytville, OH, soil (2.5% C and 36% clay) and an Akron, CO, soil (1.5% C and 14% clay). The addition of standards with >10% N content resulted in increased amide-like absorbance at 1670, 1588, and 1513 cm(-1). Bands at 2970 to 2800, 2200 to 2000, and 1030 to 1160 cm(-1) were sensitive to added polysaccharide. Protein addition increased absorption at 2970 to 2800 cm(-1) but also increased the 1691 and 1547 cm(-1) amide bands. Vanillin addition resulted in higher absorbance at the 1592, 1515, and 1295 cm(-1) aromatic C=C bands. Biochars produced at 300 degrees C resulted in increased absorbance at carbonyl and aliphatic bands, while addition of 500 degrees C biochar increased aromatic absorbance. Our results showed that MidIR is sensitive to relatively small changes in SOM. If assumptions about the soil mineralogy are met, specific spectral bands can be used to follow changes in SOM chemistry. C1 [Calderon, Francisco] USDA ARS, Cent Great Plains Res Stn, Akron, CO 80520 USA. [Haddix, Michelle; Conant, Richard; Paul, Eldor] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Magrini-Bair, Kimberly] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Calderon, F (reprint author), USDA ARS, Cent Great Plains Res Stn, 40335 Cty Rd GG, Akron, CO 80520 USA. EM francisco.calderon@ars.usda.gov RI Conant, Richard/B-7586-2013; OI Conant, Richard/0000-0001-7315-2476; Haddix, Michelle/0000-0003-0984-0404 NR 38 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 8 U2 82 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 77 IS 5 BP 1591 EP 1600 DI 10.2136/sssaj2013.04.0131 PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 220ZO UT WOS:000324626600013 ER PT J AU Fultz, LM Moore-Kucera, J Zobeck, TM Acosta-Martinez, V Allen, VG AF Fultz, Lisa M. Moore-Kucera, Jennifer Zobeck, Ted M. Acosta-Martinez, Veronica Allen, Vivien G. TI Aggregate Carbon Pools after 13 Years of Integrated Crop-Livestock Management in Semiarid Soils SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SOUTHERN HIGH-PLAINS; ORGANIC-MATTER; GRASSLAND SOILS; AGRICULTURAL MANAGEMENT; BEEF-PRODUCTION; TILLAGE; NITROGEN; SEQUESTRATION; SYSTEMS; COTTON AB Integrated crop-livestock (ICL) systems that utilize perennial or high-residue no-till annual forages may build soil organic matter and, thus, enhance aggregate stability, water retention, nutrient cycling, and C storage. We examined long-term effects of ICL management on soil organic C (SOC) pools compared with continuous cotton [CTN; (Gossypium hirsutum L.)] at the system and individual vegetation levels, both using limited irrigation (65 and 77% replacement of evapotranspiration, respectively). Soil samples collected in 1997 (baseline) and 2010 were fractionated into four water stable aggregate-size classes: macroaggregate (>250 mu m), microaggregate (53-250 mu m), and silt + clay (<53 mu m), and three intra-aggregate size classes: particulate organic matter (>250 mu m), microaggregates (53-250 mu m), and silt + clay (<53 mu m). Reduced tillage and increased vegetation inputs under WW-B. Dahl Old World bluestem [Bothriochloa bladhii (Retz) S.T. Blake; bluestem], a component of the ICL, resulted in increased mean weight diameter (1.5 mm in bluestem vs. 0.40 mm in CTN) and higher proportions of macroaggregates (59%) than under CTN. A continued increase in SOC was measured in the ICL following 13 yr with 22% more SOC relative to CTN. The results from the detailed soil aggregate C fractionation revealed that an ICL under limited irrigation enhanced SOC stored in protected, recalcitrant aggregate pools (intra-aggregate microaggregate SOC of 8.2 and 5.4 mg g(-1) macroaggregate in the ICL and CTN, respectively). These benefits impart important ecosystem services such as potential C sequestration and reduced erosion potential, which are especially important in these semiarid soils. C1 [Fultz, Lisa M.; Moore-Kucera, Jennifer; Allen, Vivien G.] Texas Tech Univ, Dep Plant & Soil Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Zobeck, Ted M.; Acosta-Martinez, Veronica] USDA ARS, Cropping Syst Res Lab, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. RP Fultz, LM (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dep Plant & Soil Sci, Box 42122, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM lisamfultz@gmail.com OI Fultz, Lisa/0000-0002-5128-7879 FU Southern Sustainable Agricultural Research and Education Organization [L597-82, LS10-229]; Texas Tech University Department of Plant and Soil Science FX We express our gratitude to Marko Davinic, Jon Cotton, and Franchely Cornejo for assistance in field sampling and lab analyses. Paul Green maintained fields and Phil Brown provided vital information in systems management and operations at the Texas Tech Experimental Farm. We thank Dr. Johan Six and his students for training in the intra-aggregate fractionation method. Support for this research was provided by the Southern Sustainable Agricultural Research and Education Organization (Grant no. L597-82 and LS10-229) as well as the Texas Tech University Department of Plant and Soil Science. NR 38 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 34 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 77 IS 5 BP 1659 EP 1666 DI 10.2136/sssaj2012.0423 PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 220ZO UT WOS:000324626600019 ER PT J AU Beaudette, DE Dahlgren, RA O'Geen, AT AF Beaudette, Dylan E. Dahlgren, Randy A. O'Geen, Anthony T. TI Terrain-Shape Indices for Modeling Soil Moisture Dynamics SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CALIFORNIA OAK WOODLAND; REGULARIZED SPLINE; WATER DYNAMICS; HILLSLOPE; INTERPOLATION; PREDICTION; CATCHMENT; PATTERNS; TENSION; CANADA AB This study examined spatial and temporal relationships between measured soil moisture and terrain-based proxies for soil moisture dynamics. Two catenas were intensively sampled reflecting a mosaic of differences in degree of soil development in California's Sierra Foothill Region. A catena containing weakly developed soils (Haploxerepts + Haploxeralfs) formed from granitic parent materials was compared to a catena of well-developed soils (Haploxeralfs and Palexeralfs) formed from metavolcanic parent materials. Soil moisture was monitored at 10-, 30-, and 50-cm depths in 15 profiles in the granitic catena and 100 profiles in the metavolcanic catena. Seven post-rainfall periods during the 2008-2009 water year were selected to compare terrain shape indices and measured soil moisture. No single terrain index (slope, tangential curvature, profile curvature, mean curvature, topographic prominence, terrain characterization index, and compound topographic index [CTI]) consistently described variability in mean water content or dry-down rates, across depth or space. However, within the granitic catena, a combination of CTI and modeled beam radiance consistently accounted for 30 to 70% of the total variance in mean water content at 10 cm, and 10 to 40% at 30- and 50-cm depths. The predictive capacity of digital elevation model (DEM)-derived terrain shape indices for soil moisture dynamics varied widely in time and space, and was influenced by spatial patterns in the degree of soil development. Efforts to describe soil moisture variability are an important attribute of digital soil mapping (DSM). Moreover, soil variability influences soil moisture dynamics, thus synergistic activities are needed to integrate landscape scale variability with digital soil mapping. C1 [Beaudette, Dylan E.] USDA NRCS, Sonora, CA 95370 USA. [Dahlgren, Randy A.; O'Geen, Anthony T.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Beaudette, DE (reprint author), USDA NRCS, 19777 Greenley Rd, Sonora, CA 95370 USA. EM debeaudette@ucdavis.edu FU Kearney Foundation of Soil Science FX We thank Alexandre Swarowsky and Tony Orozco for their efforts involved with excavation, soil description, and soil moisture sensor installation within the SFREC and SJER catenas. We would also like to thank Jaiyou Deng for his contributions to laboratory work supporting this study, and the staff at SJER and SFREC for their support. We thank Dr. Emilio Laca for his review of statistical methods and interpretations in this study. This work was funded by the Kearney Foundation of Soil Science. NR 58 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 32 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 77 IS 5 BP 1696 EP 1710 DI 10.2136/sssaj2013.02.0048 PG 15 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 220ZO UT WOS:000324626600023 ER PT J AU Wills, S Seybold, C Chiaretti, J Sequeira, C West, L AF Wills, Skye Seybold, Cathy Chiaretti, Joe Sequeira, Cleiton West, Larry TI Quantifying Tacit Knowledge about Soil Organic Carbon Stocks Using Soil Taxa and Official Soil Series Descriptions SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID MANAGEMENT ASSESSMENT FRAMEWORK; EXPERT KNOWLEDGE; CLAY CONTENT; SPATIAL-PATTERNS; GRASSLAND SOILS; DRAINAGE CLASS; UNITED-STATES; MATTER; FOREST; WORLD AB Previous assessments of soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks have used soil maps and other tacit knowledge from soil survey to aggregate and extrapolate data without assessing the relationship between SOC and the tacit information used. The objective of this paper is to outline a process that translates tacit class-based knowledge into semiquantitative information about SOC stocks. This information was used to create a soil-based strata for sample selection to inventory SOC stocks. The process was completed in three steps: (i) official series descriptions (OSDs) were used to compile comprehensive soil information, (ii) an ordinal scoring system was developed and applied to link soil properties to likely SOC stocks, and (iii) hierarchical clustering was applied to cluster soils into groups for sampling. The scores and groups were tested using pedon SOC stocks from the National Cooperative Soil Survey laboratory database. Expert soil scientists interpreted individual terms used in Soil Taxonomy and OSDs for their explicit or implicit relationships with SOC stocks. Taxa, soil moisture regime, and temperature regime were separated as individual factors. Other information from the OSDs including family particle size class, depth to restrictive layer, and drainage class were used to translate qualitative information into ordinal scores. Classes for taxonomic order, soil moisture regimes, and drainage class were significantly different in pedon SOC stocks across and within regions. Scores within each factor (taxonomy, moisture regime, drainage class, temperature regime, and soil depth) were also significantly different from one another in pedon SOC stocks. Ordinal scores were used to cluster soils within each of 17 regions. Soil groups were significantly different from one another in SOC stocks in each of the 17 sampling regions. The process was considered satisfactory and was used to stratify soils for SOC stock sampling in the conterminous United States. A similar process could be applied to any soil property over any area of interest to evaluate tacit knowledge for communicating soil information, grouping soils for interpretation, or creating strata for distributing samples. C1 [Wills, Skye; Seybold, Cathy; Chiaretti, Joe; West, Larry] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Natl Soil Survey Ctr, Lincoln, NE 68508 USA. [Sequeira, Cleiton] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Wills, S (reprint author), Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Natl Soil Survey Ctr, Fed Bldg,Rm 152,100 Centennial Mall North, Lincoln, NE 68508 USA. EM skye.wills@gmail.com RI 张, 海心/C-6087-2014 NR 78 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 37 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 77 IS 5 BP 1711 EP 1723 DI 10.2136/sssaj2012.0168 PG 13 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 220ZO UT WOS:000324626600024 ER PT J AU Balkcom, KS Arriaga, FJ van Santen, E AF Balkcom, Kipling S. Arriaga, Francisco J. van Santen, Edzard TI Conservation Systems to Enhance Soil Carbon Sequestration in the Southeast U.S. Coastal Plain SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID TILLAGE SYSTEMS; COVER CROP; ORGANIC-MATTER; CONDITIONING INDEX; UNITED-STATES; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; COTTON PRODUCTION; RESIDUE REMOVAL; MANAGEMENT; CORN AB Tillage systems that promote minimal surface disturbance combined with high residue cover crops can sequester C, but additional research to quantify carbon sequestration with conservation agricultural systems is needed for modelers, policymakers, and landowners. A factorial arrangement of conservation tillage (no-till, fall paratill, spring paratill, and spring strip-till) and winter cover crops (no cover, rye [Secale cereale L.], and wheat [Triticum aestivum L.]) were established in a corn/cotton (Zea mays L./Gossypium hirsutum L.) rotation from 2004 to 2009 to (i) evaluate cover crop biomass production and associated changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) to 15 cm, (ii) evaluate the potential of conservation systems to sequester SOC after years of conventional tillage, and (iii) compare measured changes in SOC to predicted soil conditioning index (SCI) values. Carbon returned to the soil each year averaged 2500 and 1340 kg C ha(-1) for cover crops and corn residue, respectively. The average SOC sequestration rate in the top 15 cm was 926 +/- 344 kg C ha(-1) yr(-1). Soil organic C values measured after 6 yr related well with predicted SCI values (r(2) = 0.81; P = 0.0004). However, discrepancies between SCI and SOC values for conservation systems highlighted the need to improve the SCI for the Southeast U.S. Conservation systems following years of conventional monocropping were equivalent in their ability to sequester considerable amounts of C that will improve soil quality in the Coastal Plain of the southeastern USA. C1 [Balkcom, Kipling S.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. [Arriaga, Francisco J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dep Soil Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [van Santen, Edzard] Auburn Univ, Dep Agron & Soils, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Balkcom, KS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, 411 S Donahue Dr, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM kip.balkcom@ars.usda.gov NR 49 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 27 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 77 IS 5 BP 1774 EP 1783 DI 10.2136/sssaj2013.01.0034 PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 220ZO UT WOS:000324626600030 ER PT J AU Madsen, MD Coronel, EG Hopkins, BG AF Madsen, Matthew D. Coronel, Eric G. Hopkins, Bryan G. TI Soil Surfactant Products for Improving Hydrologic Function in Post-Fire Water-Repellent Soil SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID WETTING AGENTS; SANDY SOIL; EROSION; ESTABLISHMENT; AMELIORATION; CONSERVATION; MOVEMENT; WOODLAND; INCREASE; WILDFIRE AB There is a wide range of soil surfactant chemistries on the market today that are primarily designed for the treatment of water-repellent soils in cropping and turfgrass systems. These chemicals may also have potential in treating the deleterious effects associated with post-fire water-repellent soils. The objective of this study was to compare 13 commercially available soil surfactant products with regard to their ability to influence water penetration and soil water-holding capacity in post-fire water-repellent soil. The impact of the surfactant on soil water penetration and water-holding capacity was determined through water drop penetration time tests and laboratory column infiltration experiments, respectively. All products evaluated in the study improved water penetration and generally increased soil water retention; however, the degree of performance varied widely among products. Irrigaid Gold, Advantage, Penn Wetting, Pervaide, and Tournament Ready were typically the most effective at treating soil water repellency. Hydro Wet, Intake, Attain FC, Wet-Sol Gro, and EZ Wet in general showed an intermediate response, while Fulmax, PenaTron, and Penex were less effective than the other products. We assume that the products that had the greatest improvements in water penetration and retention will also be the most effective in restoring hydrologic function of post-fire water-repellent soils; however, the full utility of the products was not demonstrated in this study, particularly with respect to plant growth. Additional laboratory and field studies are merited for understanding how these different surfactant chemistries influence revegetation success. C1 [Madsen, Matthew D.] Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Burns, OR 97720 USA. [Coronel, Eric G.; Hopkins, Bryan G.] Brigham Young Univ, Dep Plant & Wildlife Sci, Provo, UT 84642 USA. RP Madsen, MD (reprint author), Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Burns, OR 97720 USA. EM matthew.madsen@oregonstate.edu FU Brigham Young University; USDA-National Institute of Food and Agriculture's Rangeland Research Program; USDA-ARS FX Funding for this research was provided by Brigham Young University, USDA-National Institute of Food and Agriculture's Rangeland Research Program, and the USDA-ARS. We are grateful to Jarod Lemos and April Hulet for reviewing earlier versions of this manuscript. We also appreciate the thoughtful reviews by the anonymous reviewers and Associate Editor. NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 20 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 77 IS 5 BP 1825 EP 1830 DI 10.2136/sssaj2012.0305 PG 6 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 220ZO UT WOS:000324626600035 ER PT J AU Randhawa, H Kibble, K Zeng, H Moyer, MP Reindl, KM AF Randhawa, H. Kibble, K. Zeng, H. Moyer, M. P. Reindl, K. M. TI Activation of ERK signaling and induction of colon cancer cell death by piperlongumine SO TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO LA English DT Article DE Piperlongumine; Colon cancer; MEK/ERK; Cell signaling; Apoptosis ID PANCREATIC-CANCER; OXIDATIVE STRESS; TRANSDUCTION PATHWAY; PIPER-LONGUM; K-RAS; TUMOR PROGRESSION; INDUCED APOPTOSIS; PIPLARTINE; INHIBITION; PROTEIN AB Piperlongumine (PPLGM) is a bioactive compound isolated from long peppers that shows selective toxicity towards a variety of cancer cell types including colon cancer. The signaling pathways that lead to cancer cell death in response to PPLGM exposure have not been previously identified. Our objective was to identify the intracellular signaling mechanisms by which PPLGM leads to enhanced colon cancer cell death. We found that PPLGM inhibited the growth of colon cancer cells in time- and concentration-dependent manners, but was not toxic toward normal colon mucosal cells at concentrations below 10 mu M. Acute (0-60 min) and prolonged (24 h) exposure of HT-29 cells to PPLGM resulted in phosphorylation of ERK. To investigate whether ERK signaling was involved in PPLGM-mediated cell death, we treated HT-29 cells with the MEK inhibitor U0126, prior to treating with PPLGM. We found that U0126 attenuated PPLGM-induced activation of ERK and partially protected against PPLGM-induced cell death. These results suggest that PPLGM works, at least in part, through the MEK/ERK pathway to result in colon cancer cell death. A more thorough understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which PPLGM induces colon cancer cell death will be useful in developing therapeutic strategies to treat colon cancer. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Randhawa, H.; Kibble, K.; Reindl, K. M.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Zeng, H.] USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58203 USA. [Moyer, M. P.] INCELL Corp, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. RP Reindl, KM (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 2715 Stevens Hall 218,POB 6050, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. EM katie.reindl@ndsu.edu FU National Institutes of Health (NIH) from the National Center for Research Resources and National Science Foundation (NSF) [2P20 RR015566, HRD-0811239] FX The authors would like to thank Dr. Pawel Borowicz of the Advanced Imaging and Microscopy Lab at NDSU for technical assistance with cell imaging. Further, the authors acknowledge Dr. Tao Wang and the NDSU Center for Protease Research Core Biology Facility for access to equipment used to collect data for this study. This publication, and the use of the Core Biology Facility, was made possible, in part, by National Institutes of Health (NIH) Grant Number 2P20 RR015566 from the National Center for Research Resources and National Science Foundation (NSF) Grant Number HRD-0811239 to the NDSU Advance FORWARD program. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH or NSF. NR 42 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 3 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0887-2333 J9 TOXICOL IN VITRO JI Toxicol. Vitro PD SEP PY 2013 VL 27 IS 6 BP 1626 EP 1633 DI 10.1016/j.tiv.2013.04.006 PG 8 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 223YG UT WOS:000324847800004 PM 23603476 ER PT J AU Jones, TM Akresh, ME King, DI AF Jones, Todd M. Akresh, Michael E. King, David I. TI Recent Sightings of Kirtland's Warblers on San Salvador Island, The Bahamas SO WILSON JOURNAL OF ORNITHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bahamas; Kirtland's Warbler; San Salvador Island; Setophaga kirtlandii; wintering ID POPULATION; HABITAT AB Here we present recent accounts of Kirtland's Warblers (Setophaga kirtlandii) captured and observed on San Salvador Island, The Bahamas, in 2012 and 2013. We conducted mist-netting and passive surveys in a variety of habitats on the island from January-March 2012 and December 2012-March 2013. We captured four warblers and sighted at least six other individuals, including two color-banded birds originally banded near Mack Lake, Michigan, USA. Warblers were primarily captured or observed in coastal scrub and inland low coppice habitats where vegetation height is <4 m, has a scrub/shrub appearance, and openings because of disturbance. These habitats are similar to habitats preferred by Kirtland's Warblers on other Bahamian islands, and also have fruiting plants the warblers prefer such as Erithalis fruticosa, and Lantana involucrata. To our knowledge, these are the first confirmed cases of observed Kirtland's Warblers on the island in over 46 years. C1 [Jones, Todd M.] Univ Illinois, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Akresh, Michael E.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [King, David I.] Univ Massachusetts, US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Jones, TM (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Turner Hall, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM jones.2578@buckeyemail.osu.edu FU U.S. Forest Service, Northern Research Station; University of Massachusetts Amherst; Wilson Ornithological Society; American Ornithologists' Union; Cooper Ornithological Society FX We thank Blaine Carnes, Brodie Kramer, Ellie Armstrong, Kathryn Peiman, Patrick Roberts, and Tom Snyder for their help in the field. We also thank the GRC and Tom Rothfus for support and logistics in conducting this study. Joe Wunderle, Greg Shriver, Paul Sievert, and three anonymous reviewers that provided helpful comments on an earlier draft of the manuscript. The observations reported here were obtained as part of a larger project funded by the U.S. Forest Service, Northern Research Station, the Bradford G. Blodget Scholarship through the University of Massachusetts Amherst, the Paul A. Stewart Award from the Wilson Ornithological Society, the Bleitz Research Award from the American Ornithologists' Union, and the Mewaldt-King Student Research Award from the Cooper Ornithological Society. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 12 PU WILSON ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC PI WACO PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710 USA SN 1559-4491 J9 WILSON J ORNITHOL JI Wilson J. Ornithol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 125 IS 3 BP 637 EP 642 PG 6 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA 222GH UT WOS:000324718700021 ER PT J AU Bethke, PC Bussan, AJ AF Bethke, Paul C. Bussan, Alvin J. TI Acrylamide in Processed Potato Products SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POTATO RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE Solanum tuberosum; Acrylamide and glycidamide; Glucose and fructose; Chip and fry color; Neurotoxin; Cancer ID FREE AMINO-ACIDS; PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; COMPONENTS AFFECTING ACRYLAMIDE; VACUOLAR INVERTASE GENE; SOLANUM-TUBEROSUM L.; FRENCH FRIES; DIETARY ACRYLAMIDE; MODEL SYSTEM; BREAST-CANCER; MAILLARD REACTION AB Trace amounts of acrylamide are present in many foods cooked at high temperatures. Acrylamide in processed potato products is formed from reducing sugars and asparagine and is a product of the Maillard reaction; this reaction typically occurs during frying and baking of food products. Processed potato products, including fries and chips, are relatively high in acrylamide compared with other foods and contribute substantially to dietary acrylamide. Acrylamide content in potato products is strongly affected by processing conditions, potato variety, field management, environmental conditions during tuber growth, and tuber storage conditions. Numerous approaches have been described that could potentially reduce the acrylamide content of potato products, but many influence finished product sensory attributes and may be difficult to implement. Health concerns related to acrylamide in food center on its role as a potential carcinogen. Research using feeding studies with rodent models and epidemiological studies with humans are ongoing and are likely to provide future guidance for acceptable amounts of acrylamide in food. C1 [Bethke, Paul C.] USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Bethke, Paul C.; Bussan, Alvin J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Bethke, PC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM pbethke@wisc.edu FU NIFA SCRI [2011-51181-30829] FX This review is part of NIFA SCRI research project 2011-51181-30829 "Improved breeding and variety evaluation methods to reduce acrylamide content and increase quality in processed potato products". NR 188 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 17 U2 104 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1099-209X J9 AM J POTATO RES JI Am. J. Potato Res. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 90 IS 5 BP 403 EP 424 DI 10.1007/s12230-013-9321-4 PG 22 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 213LY UT WOS:000324059900001 ER PT J AU Pillai, SS Navarre, DA Bamberg, J AF Pillai, Syamkumar S. Navarre, Duroy A. Bamberg, John TI Analysis of Polyphenols, Anthocyanins and Carotenoids in Tubers from Solanum tuberosum Group Phureja, Stenotomum and Andigena SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POTATO RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Anthocyanin; Antioxidants; Carotenoids; Chlorogenic acid; Flavonols; Phenolics; Phytonutrients; Potato; Phureja; Solanum tuberosum ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; TOTAL ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY; CHLOROGENIC ACID; POTATO; PLANT; IDENTIFICATION; INHERITANCE; INHIBITION; EXPRESSION; VEGETABLES AB Sixty-five Solanum tuberosum group Andigena, Phureja and Stenotomum genotypes from an initial population of 1,500 were analyzed for phenylpropanoids, carotenoids, and antioxidant capacity. Total phenolic content ranged from 3 to 49 mg g(-1) DW, total carotenoids from 4.1 to 154 mu g/g DW, anthocyanins from 0.27 to 34 mg g(-1) DW and antioxidant capacity from 60 to 1,767 mu mol TE/g DW. HPLC analysis of phenolic extracts revealed that 5-O-chlorogenic acid (5CGA) was the most abundant polyphenol in all genotypes. Ten genotypes were independently grown out for more in-depth phytonutrient analysis. The Phureja genotypes RN 27.01 had the highest polyphenol, anthocyanin and antioxidant content, while RN 39.05 had the highest carotenoid content. The tuber percentage dry matter varied markedly among the ten genotypes, influencing the phytonutrient values when expressed on a dry weight basis. Chlorogenic acid concentrations ranged from 1.7 to 29.4 mg g(-1) DW and kaempferol-3-rutinose was present up to 3 mg g(-1) DW. Petunidin-3-O-coum-rutinoside-5-O-glu or pelargonidin-3-O-coum-rutinoside-5-O-glu were the most abundant anthocyanins. The principal carotenoids were lutein, zeaxanthin, violaxanthin, and antheraxanthin, but no one carotenoid was predominant in all genotypes. These findings further support utilization of Phureja group germplasm for phytonutrient enhancement efforts. C1 [Pillai, Syamkumar S.] Washington State Univ, Irrigated Agr & Extens Res Ctr, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Navarre, Duroy A.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Bamberg, John] USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Sturgeon Bay, WI 54235 USA. RP Navarre, DA (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, 24106 N Bunn Rd, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. EM roy.navarre@ars.usda.gov RI sivasankara pillai, syamkumar/L-7324-2016 OI sivasankara pillai, syamkumar/0000-0002-9187-703X NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 31 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1099-209X J9 AM J POTATO RES JI Am. J. Potato Res. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 90 IS 5 BP 440 EP 450 DI 10.1007/s12230-013-9318-z PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 213LY UT WOS:000324059900003 ER PT J AU Fajardo, D Haynes, KG Jansky, S AF Fajardo, Diego Haynes, Kathleen G. Jansky, Shelley TI Starch Characteristics of Modern and Heirloom Potato Cultivars SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POTATO RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Starch; Solanum tuberosum; Resistant starch; Mealiness; Amylose; Amylopectin ID SOLANUM-TUBEROSUM L; PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES; ENVIRONMENTAL-CONDITIONS; AMYLOPECTIN RATIO; BREEDING PROGRESS; AMYLOSE CONTENT; GLYCEMIC INDEX; DIETARY FIBER; GRANULES; QUALITY AB In a number of ways, modern potato breeding efforts differ from those that created heirloom cultivars. As a result of the rapid expansion of the potato processing industry in the mid twentieth century, potato breeders shifted their focus from fresh market varieties to those intended for the fry and chip markets. Selection for higher dry matter content and lower reducing sugar levels in tubers was successful. This study sought to determine whether modern processing cultivars differ from heirloom cultivars for two major characteristics of tuber starch, amylose content and starch granule morphology. Since breeding efforts for processing potatoes have focused on the maintenance of tuber quality during storage, these parameters were measured in both fresh and stored tubers. Twenty cultivars selected to span the range of cultivar release dates in the U.S. were grown at Hancock, WI in 2009 and 2010 and evaluated for tuber amylose content and measurements of starch granule surface area, length, width, length to width ratio, and smoothness. These traits were found to be stable across years and during storage. Significant differences in the amylose content and starch granule morphology exist among cultivars, but there is no clear distinction between modern and heirloom cultivars. Genetic variation for amylose content and starch granule morphology was found within the set of clones sampled for this study. However, germplasm with higher amylose content will need to be identified and utilized in breeding if the nutritional benefits associated with high fiber and low glycemic index are to be realized. C1 [Fajardo, Diego; Jansky, Shelley] USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI USA. [Haynes, Kathleen G.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Area Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Jansky, Shelley] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Jansky, S (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM shelley.jansky@ars.usda.gov FU ARS; Crop germplasm Committee of the National Plant Germplasm System FX Tuber samples were generously provided by Dr. Jed Colquhoun, Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin-Madison. Partial funding for the senior author's salary was provided by the ARS Research Associate Program and the Crop germplasm Committee of the National Plant Germplasm System. NR 53 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 37 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1099-209X J9 AM J POTATO RES JI Am. J. Potato Res. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 90 IS 5 BP 460 EP 469 DI 10.1007/s12230-013-9320-5 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 213LY UT WOS:000324059900005 ER PT J AU Nghiem, NP Kim, TH Yoo, CG Hicks, KB AF Nghiem, Nhuan P. Kim, Tae Hyun Yoo, Chang Geun Hicks, Kevin B. TI Enzymatic Fractionation of SAA-Pretreated Barley Straw for Production of Fuel Ethanol and Astaxanthin as a Value-Added Co-Product SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Biomass bioconversion; Biorefinery; Integrated process; Fuel ethanol; Value-added product; Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation ID SIMULTANEOUS SACCHARIFICATION; AQUEOUS AMMONIA; FERMENTATION; SOAKING; XYLOSE AB Barley straw was used to demonstrate an integrated process for production of fuel ethanol and astaxanthin as a value-added co-product. Barley straw was pretreated by soaking in aqueous ammonia using the previously determined optimum conditions, which included 77.6 A degrees C treatment temperature, 12.1 h treatment time, 15 wt% ammonia concentration, and 1:8 solid-to-liquid ratio. In the newly developed process, the pretreated barley straw was first hydrolyzed with ACCELLERASEA (R) XY (a commercial hemicellulase product) to generate a xylose-rich solution, which contained 3.8 g/l glucose, 22.9 g/l xylose, and 2.4 g/l arabinose, with 96 % of the original glucan being left intact. The xylose-rich solution was used for production of astaxanthin by the yeast Phaffia rhodozyma without further treatment. The resulting cellulose-enriched solid residue was used for ethanol production in a fed-batch simultaneous saccharification and fermentation using ACCELLERASEA (R) 1500 (a commercial cellulase product) and the industrial yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. At the end of the fermentation, 70 g/l ethanol was obtained, which was equivalent to 63 % theoretical yield based on the glucan content of the solid substrate. C1 [Nghiem, Nhuan P.; Hicks, Kevin B.] ARS, Sustainable Biofuels & Coprod Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Kim, Tae Hyun] Kongju Natl Univ, Dept Environm Engn, Cheonan 330717, Chungnam, South Korea. [Yoo, Chang Geun] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Nghiem, NP (reprint author), ARS, Sustainable Biofuels & Coprod Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM John.nghiem@ars.usda.gov OI Kim, Tae Hyun/0000-0002-2225-1199 NR 28 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 16 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 171 IS 2 BP 341 EP 351 DI 10.1007/s12010-013-0374-0 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 214DH UT WOS:000324110500006 PM 23836333 ER PT J AU Trosvik, KA Webster, CD Thompson, KR Metts, LA Gannam, A Twibell, R AF Trosvik, Kimberly A. Webster, Carl D. Thompson, Kenneth R. Metts, Linda A. Gannam, Ann Twibell, Ronald TI Effects on growth performance and body composition in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, fry fed organic diets containing yeast extract and soyabean meal as a total replacement of fish meal without amino acid supplementation SO BIOLOGICAL AGRICULTURE & HORTICULTURE LA English DT Article DE fish meal replacement; Nile tilapia; Oreochromis niloticus; organic diet; yeast extract ID COBIA RACHYCENTRON-CANADUM; TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; RAINBOW-TROUT; CHANNEL CATFISH; PRACTICAL DIETS; PROTEIN-SOURCES; NUCLEIC-ACIDS; INCLUSION; MOSSAMBICUS; PARAMETERS AB Fish meal (FM) is the main protein source in aquaculture diets owing to its palatability and quality. Available quantities of FM have remained constant for the past several decades; however, demand has dramatically increased due to its inclusion in diets used for the global aquaculture industry. There are various alternative protein sources that can be used in aquaculture diets, with soyabean meal (SBM) being the most widely used plant protein ingredient; however, use of SBM as the sole protein source has often resulted in reduced fish growth. There is a growing segment of consumers who desire organically grown foods, and since Nile tilapia is one of the most-cultured fish in the world and has herbivorous/omnivorous feeding habits, Nile tilapia fed an organic diet may allow producers to enter this rapidly developing market. A feeding experiment was conducted to evaluate the combination of organic SBM and an organic yeast extract (YE) as complete replacements for FM. Five isonitrogenous, isocaloric diets were fed to small (0.1g) Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, for 6weeks. Diets contained various percentages (0%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40%) of YE, with Diet 1 formulated to be similar to a high-quality commercial diet containing 0% YE and 20% FM. At the conclusion of the feeding trial, fish fed Diet 1 had statistically significantly (p<0.05) higher mean final weight (3.99g) and specific growth rate (8.48% day(-1)), and a lower feed conversion ratio (1.40) than fish fed all other diets. Based upon the data, an organic diet which replaces FM with a combination of SBM and YE appears promising but further research is needed to refine formulation so as to have similar growth performance with a FM-based diet. C1 [Trosvik, Kimberly A.; Webster, Carl D.; Thompson, Kenneth R.; Metts, Linda A.] Kentucky State Univ, Aquaculture Res Ctr, Frankfort, KY 40601 USA. [Gannam, Ann; Twibell, Ronald] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Abernathy Fish Technol Ctr, Longview, WA 98632 USA. RP Webster, CD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, 2955 Highway 130 East, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. EM carl.webster@ars.usda.gov FU Kentucky Soybean Board; Alltech, Inc., Nicholasville, KY; USDA [KYX-80-09-18A] FX The authors thank N. Ann, K.C., K.N. Dee, B.R. Lee, E.M. Maa, Cathy Rhin, B. Rett, Shi Ron, M.S. Tee, D.R. Wynne, Sam Wise, D.A. Vidd, and K.A. and F.L. Troz for technical assistance. This research project was partially funded by a grant from the Kentucky Soybean Board; a grant from Alltech, Inc., Nicholasville, KY; and a USDA grant under Agreement KYX-80-09-18A to Kentucky State University. NR 36 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 40 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0144-8765 J9 BIOL AGRIC HORTIC JI Biol. Agric. Hortic. PD SEP 1 PY 2013 VL 29 IS 3 BP 173 EP 185 DI 10.1080/01448765.2013.810123 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 213UU UT WOS:000324086700004 ER PT J AU Douds, DD Lee, J Mitchell, RJ Ziegler-Ulsh, C AF Douds, David D., Jr. Lee, Joe Mitchell, Richard J. Ziegler-Ulsh, Christine TI Production of AM fungus colonized seedlings under organic management: suitability of hydrolyzed fish vs. blood meal as options for N addition SO BIOLOGICAL AGRICULTURE & HORTICULTURE LA English DT Article DE arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; leek; on-farm inoculum production; organic media ID ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; ON-FARM PRODUCTION; GLOMUS-INTRARADICES; NUTRIENT-UPTAKE; INOCULATION; INOCULUM; GROWTH; PHOSPHORUS; PEPPER; ROOT AB The potential benefits of the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis to crop growth and farm sustainability make utilization of AM fungus inoculum of particular interest to organic farmers. An important consideration in ensuring the colonization of vegetable seedlings by AM fungi during the greenhouse growth phase of production is supplying sufficient nitrogen and other nutrients for plant growth while limiting levels of phosphorus to avoid P-mediated inhibition of colonization. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to compare growth and AM fungus colonization of Allium porrum L. cv. Musselburgh seedlings in two organic potting media amended with high N and low P organic fertilizers vs. a chemical fertilizer solution known to produce well-colonized seedlings. Though amendment of the media with granular blood meal tended to produce the largest seedlings, formation of mycorrhizae was inhibited relative to 3x per week additions of inorganic control or hydrolyzed fish fertilizers (4.5% vs. 28% and 16% of root length, respectively). A follow-up experiment in a controlled environment chamber demonstrated no detrimental effect of 3x per week addition of blood meal in aqueous suspension relative to the chemical fertilizer. The incorporation of blood meal into the media had no impact on mycorrhizal development through the first 2 weeks, but inhibited development of new infection units and colonization of roots relative to the other treatments after 5 weeks (7% vs. 38% of root length). Proper choice of organic fertility amendment is essential to produce AM fungus colonized seedlings ready to take advantage of the symbiosis immediately upon outplanting. C1 [Douds, David D., Jr.; Lee, Joe] USDA ARS ERRC, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Mitchell, Richard J.; Ziegler-Ulsh, Christine] Rodale Inst Expt Farm, Kutztown, PA 19530 USA. RP Douds, DD (reprint author), USDA ARS ERRC, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM david.douds@ars.usda.gov NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 23 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0144-8765 J9 BIOL AGRIC HORTIC JI Biol. Agric. Hortic. PD SEP 1 PY 2013 VL 29 IS 3 BP 186 EP 196 DI 10.1080/01448765.2013.819296 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 213UU UT WOS:000324086700005 ER PT J AU Magruder, M Chhin, S Palik, B Bradford, JB AF Magruder, Matthew Chhin, Sophan Palik, Brian Bradford, John B. TI Thinning increases climatic resilience of red pine SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID TREE-RING CHRONOLOGIES; ABIES L. KARST.; GROWTH RELATIONSHIPS; NORTHERN MINNESOTA; FOREST MANAGEMENT; UNITED-STATES; GREAT-LAKES; DROUGHT; USA; UNCERTAINTY AB Forest management techniques such as intermediate stand-tending practices (e. g., thinning) can promote climatic resiliency in forest stands by moderating tree competition. Residual trees gain increased access to environmental resources (i.e., soil moisture, light), which in turn has the potential to buffer trees from stressful climatic conditions. The influences of climate (temperature and precipitation) and forest management (thinning method and intensity) on the productivity of red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) in Michigan were examined to assess whether repeated thinning treatments were able to increase climatic resiliency (i.e., maintaining productivity and reduced sensitivity to climatic stress). The cumulative productivity of each thinning treatment was determined, and it was found that thinning from below to a residual basal area of 14 m(2).ha(-1) produced the largest average tree size but also the second lowest overall biomass per acre. On the other hand, the uncut control and the thinning from above to a residual basal area of 28 m(2).ha(-1) produced the smallest average tree size but also the greatest overall biomass per acre. Dendrochronological methods were used to quantify sensitivity of annual radial growth to monthly and seasonal climatic factors for each thinning treatment type. Climatic sensitivity was influenced by thinning method (i.e., thinning from below decreased sensitivity to climatic stress more than thinning from above) and by thinning intensity (i.e., more intense thinning led to a lower climatic sensitivity). Overall, thinning from below to a residual basal area of 21 m(2).ha(-1) represented a potentially beneficial compromise to maximize tree size, biomass per acre, and reduced sensitivity to climatic stress, and, thus, the highest level of climatic resilience. C1 [Magruder, Matthew; Chhin, Sophan] Michigan State Univ, Dept Forestry, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Palik, Brian] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. [Bradford, John B.] No Arizona Univ, US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. RP Chhin, S (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Forestry, Nat Resources Bldg,480 Wilson Rd,Room 126, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM chhin@msu.edu RI Bradford, John/E-5545-2011 FU Michigan State University (MSU) AgBioResearch [MICL06002] FX This study was funded through Michigan State University (MSU) AgBioResearch (Project No. MICL06002). We thank D. Kastendick for his logistical support in sampling the Sooner Club forest research site in Wellston, Michigan, and E. David and D. Berry for their assistance in field and laboratory data collection. We also thank the Associate Editor and two anonymous reviewers for their comments. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 67 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 5 U2 47 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 EI 1208-6037 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 43 IS 9 BP 878 EP 889 DI 10.1139/cjfr-2013-0088 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 215VZ UT WOS:000324240200012 ER PT J AU Silver, EJ Fraver, S D'Amato, AW Aakala, T Palik, BJ AF Silver, Emily J. Fraver, Shawn D'Amato, Anthony W. Aakala, Tuomas Palik, Brian J. TI Long-term mortality rates and spatial patterns in an old-growth Pinus resinosa forest SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID MIXED-CONIFER FOREST; DOUGLAS-FIR FORESTS; TREE MORTALITY; RED PINE; POINT PATTERNS; TROPICAL FORESTS; UNITED-STATES; RESTORATION; POPULATION; MINNESOTA AB Understanding natural mortality patterns and processes of forest tree species is increasingly important given projected changes in mortality owing to global change. With this need in mind, the rate and spatial pattern of mortality was assessed over an 89-year period in a natural-origin Pinus resinosa (Aiton)-dominated system to assess these processes through advanced stages of stand development (stand age 120-209 years). Average annual mortality rates fluctuated through time, yet were within the range reported in other studies (0.60%-3.88% depending on species and sampling interval). Tree mortality was attributed to multiple agents, including the senescence of the short-lived Pinus banksiana Lamb., windthrow, root-rot fungi (Armillaria ostoyae (Romagn.) Herink), and perhaps infrequent droughts. Despite the often contagious nature of many disturbance agents, the overall spatial pattern of mortality events (the arrangement of dead trees within the fixed initial population of live trees) was random at all scales tested. Similarly, the current spatial pattern of dead trees was predominantly random, despite clustering at small scales (2-4 m). These findings underscore the importance of studying mortality rates, agents, and spatial patterns over long time periods to avoid misinterpreting stochastic mortality events, and their influence on longer term stand structure and development. C1 [Silver, Emily J.; Fraver, Shawn; D'Amato, Anthony W.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Aakala, Tuomas] Univ Helsinki, Dept Forest Sci, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Palik, Brian J.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. RP Silver, EJ (reprint author), Univ Maine, Sch Forest Resources, 5755 Nutting Hall, Orono, ME 04469 USA. EM emily.j.silver@maine.edu OI Aakala, Tuomas/0000-0003-0160-6410 FU (US) National Fire Plan; US Forest Service Northern Research Station; University of Minnesota Graduate School Fellowship; Finnish Cultural Foundation FX We would like to thank R. Blanchette, B. Held, M. Fulton, C. Gronewold, and R. Marty for assistance with various aspects of the study, and we thank A. Berger, M. Curzon, J. Foster, A. Huff, A. Milo, and L. Reuling for assistance in the field. This study would not have been possible without the foresight of John H. Allison and colleagues. Support was provided by the (US) National Fire Plan, the US Forest Service Northern Research Station, a University of Minnesota Graduate School Fellowship (to E. S.), and the Finnish Cultural Foundation (to T. A.). Field work was conducted under MN-DNR permits 2010-13R and 201024. NR 65 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 46 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 43 IS 9 BP 809 EP 816 DI 10.1139/cjfr-2013-0139 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 215VZ UT WOS:000324240200004 ER PT J AU Zarnoch, SJ Vukovich, MA Kilgo, JC Blake, JI AF Zarnoch, Stanley J. Vukovich, Mark A. Kilgo, John C. Blake, John I. TI Snag characteristics and dynamics following natural and artificially induced mortality in a managed loblolly pine forest SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID CAVITY-NESTING BIRDS; LONGLEAF PINE; STANDS; LONGEVITY; OREGON; COMMUNITIES; RESOURCES; CAROLINA AB A 14-year study of snag characteristics was established in 41- to 44-year-old loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) stands in southeastern USA. During the initial 5.5 years, no stand manipulation or unusually high-mortality events occurred. Afterwards, three treatments were applied consisting of trees thinned and removed, trees felled and not removed, and artificial creation of snags produced by girdling and herbicide injection. The thinned treatments were designed to maintain the same live canopy density as the snag-created treatment, disregarding snags that remained standing. We monitored snag height, diameter, density, volume, and bark percentage; the number of cavities was monitored in natural snags only. During the first 5.5 years, recruitment and loss rates were stable, resulting in a stable snag population. Large snags (>= 25 cm diameter) were common, but subcanopy small snags (10 to <25 cm diameter) dominated numerically. Large natural snags survived (90% quantile) significantly longer (6.0-9.4 years) than smaller snags (4.4-6.9 years). Large artificial snags persisted the longest (11.8 years). Cavities in natural snags developed within 3 years following tree death. The mean number of cavities per snag was five times greater in large versus small snags and large snags were more likely to have multiple cavities, emphasizing the importance of mature pine stands for cavity-dependent wildlife species. C1 [Zarnoch, Stanley J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Vukovich, Mark A.; Kilgo, John C.; Blake, John I.] US Forest Serv, USDA, New Ellenton, SC 29809 USA. RP Zarnoch, SJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM szarnoch@fs.fed.us FU Department of Energy [DE-AI09-00SR22188]; USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station FX Support for this research was provided by the Department of Energy under Interagency Agreement DE-AI09-00SR22188 and by the USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station. We thank the staff of the US Forest Service Savannah River for their tremendous operations support to implement the study. M. Howard and P. Champlin provided invaluable coordination; and J. Hill, M. Howard, D. Jones, S. Junker, L. Krysinsky, L. Lee, K. Nayda, P. Sharine, F. Spilker, and E. Uramkin assisted with fieldwork. Brett Miley was instrumental in monitoring and maintaining the study during the years from 1998 to 2002 and provided invaluable reports and analysis. We also thank S. Castleberry, J. Davis, M. Dorcas, B. Edwards, W. Ford, J. Hanula, T. Hinkelman, S. Horn, M. Komoroski, S. Loeb, S. Lohr, T. McCay, J. McMinn, K. Mosely, A. Owens, and M. Ulyshen for their contributions as co-investigators. NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 30 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 43 IS 9 BP 817 EP 825 DI 10.1139/cjfr-2012-0453 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 215VZ UT WOS:000324240200005 ER PT J AU Cole, EC Newton, M Youngblood, A AF Cole, E. C. Newton, M. Youngblood, A. TI Effects of overtopping on growth of white spruce in Alaska SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID SOUTH-CENTRAL ALASKA; MECHANICAL SITE PREPARATION; PICEA-GLAUCA; VEGETATION CONTROL; DOUGLAS-FIR; CALAMAGROSTIS-CANADENSIS; HERBACEOUS VEGETATION; CONIFER PLANTATIONS; ASPEN COMPETITION; BRITISH-COLUMBIA AB Early establishment of competing vegetation often presents an obstacle to the success of planted white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) seedlings. We followed growth and development of white spruce and associated vegetation for up to 17 years in Alaska's boreal forests to quantify roles of overtopping plant cover in suppressing conifers. The three study areas represented a range of site conditions of varying productivity and species of competing cover, different site preparation and release treatments, and different bare-root and container white spruce stock types. Herbaceous overtopping peaked early after planting and decreased as white spruce were able to outgrow competitors. Overtopping by shrubs and hardwoods, especially aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) and resin birch (Betula neoalaskana Sarg.) peaked somewhat later than herbaceous overtopping and decreased over time for most sites and treatments. In a model that combined all sites, vegetation management treatments, and years, overtopping and previous year's volume explained approximately 85% of the variation in volume growth. Increasing the size of planting stock helped reduce overtopping, hence suppression, even in treatments dominated by hardwood species. Results suggested that control of overtopping was essential for maximum growth and long-term or increasing levels of overtopping severely suppressed white spruce seedling growth. C1 [Cole, E. C.; Newton, M.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Engn Resources & Management, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Youngblood, A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, La Grande, OR USA. RP Cole, EC (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Engn Resources & Management, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM Liz.Cole@oregonstate.edu FU USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station (Portland, Oregon); USDA Forest Service, State and Private Forestry, Region 10, (Anchorage, Alaska); USDA Forest Service, Alaska Region (Juneau, Alaska) FX Funding for these projects was provided by USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station (Portland, Oregon); USDA Forest Service, State and Private Forestry, Region 10, (Anchorage, Alaska); USDA Forest Service, Alaska Region (Juneau, Alaska); and private sources. Many people, far too many to list individually, were involved in the establishment, measurement, and maintenance of these studies over the 17 years, and we are grateful to all of them. Specifically, we thank Drs. Edward Holsten and Richard Werner (USDA Forest Service, retired) for their help with the facilitation of study sites, transportation, and field personnel. Several technicians from USDA Forest Service State and Private Forestry in Anchorage and PNW Experiment Stations in Fairbanks and La Grande assisted in establishing and measuring these experiments. We appreciate the cooperation from the Alaska State Nursery, Palmer, in growing seedlings and helping with lifting even after the nursery closed. We also thank the US Department of Defense for allowing us to work at Fort Richardson and for providing logging crews and equipment, and we appreciate the cooperation of William Quirk, former Natural Resource Manager for Fort Richardson, and Mr. Fleshman, Range Control. Manuela Huso provided statistical guidance for some of the earlier analyses. NR 53 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 11 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 43 IS 9 BP 861 EP 871 DI 10.1139/cjfr-2013-0117 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 215VZ UT WOS:000324240200010 ER PT J AU Fang, XF Corrales, J Thornton, C Scheffler, BE Willett, KL AF Fang, Xiefan Corrales, Jone Thornton, Cammi Scheffler, Brian E. Willett, Kristine L. TI Global and gene specific DNA methylation changes during zebrafish development SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY B-BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE DNA methylation; zebrafish; development; vasa; rassf1 ID GERM-CELL LINEAGE; EPIGENETIC REGULATION; EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT; EUKARYOTIC DNA; HUMAN GENOME; CPG-ISLANDS; C-JUN; AGE; EXPRESSION; MOUSE AB DNA methylation is dynamic through the life of an organism. Previous studies have primarily focused on DNA methylation changes during very early embryogenesis. In this study, global and gene specific DNA methylation in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos, larvae and adult livers were compared. The percent methylation of cytosines was low in 2 to 4.3 h post fertilization (hpf) zebrafish embryos and was consistently higher in zebrafish older than 6 hpf. Furthermore, quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) results showed relatively high DNA methyltransferase 1 (dnmt1) and low glycine N-methyltransferase (gnmt) mRNA expression in early embryogenesis. By studying methylation patterns and gene expression of five developmentally important genes, namely vase, Ras-association domain family member 1 (rassf1), telomerase reverse transcriptase (tert), c-jun and c-myca, we found that the timing of changes in DNA methylation patterns was gene specific, and changes in gene expression were not necessarily correlated with the DNA methylation patterns. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Fang, Xiefan; Corrales, Jone; Thornton, Cammi; Willett, Kristine L.] Univ Mississippi, Dept Pharmacol, Sch Pharm, University, MS 38677 USA. [Fang, Xiefan; Corrales, Jone; Thornton, Cammi; Willett, Kristine L.] Univ Mississippi, Environm Toxicol Res Program, Sch Pharm, University, MS 38677 USA. [Scheffler, Brian E.] USDA ARS, Genom & Bioinformat Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Willett, KL (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Dept Pharmacol, Box 1848,303 Faser Hall, University, MS 38677 USA. EM kwillett@olemiss.edu RI Fang, Xiefan/G-1186-2015; OI Fang, Xiefan/0000-0002-7804-7832; Scheffler, Brian/0000-0003-1968-8952 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [R01ES012710, R03ES018962, R21ES019940]; South-Central Technology Transfer Award from Society of Toxicology; Graduate Student Council Research Grant from the University of Mississippi [6402-21310-003-00]; project of the Agricultural Research Service FX This project was supported in parts by Grant Numbers R01ES012710, R03ES018962 and R21ES019940 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, the National Institutes of Health, or the Agricultural Research Service. This work was also partly supported by South-Central Technology Transfer Award from Society of Toxicology, and Graduate Student Council Research Grant from the University of Mississippi, 6402-21310-003-00 and project of the Agricultural Research Service. NR 63 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 34 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1096-4959 J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS B JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B-Biochem. Mol. Biol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 166 IS 1 BP 99 EP 108 DI 10.1016/j.cbpb.2013.07.007 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Zoology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Zoology GA 218TV UT WOS:000324456300013 PM 23876386 ER PT J AU Fike, JA Hennessy, CA Kennedy, ML Rhodes, OE AF Fike, Jennifer A. Hennessy, Cecilia A. Kennedy, Michael L. Rhodes, Olin E., Jr. TI Eleven microsatellite markers for the eastern gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis) and their utility in eastern fox squirrels (Sciurus niger) and red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) SO CONSERVATION GENETICS RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE Eastern gray squirrel; Microsatellite; Sciuridae; Sciurus carolinensis ID GREY; POPULATIONS; VULGARIS; LOCI AB The eastern gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis) often serves as a model organism for investigations of wildlife ecology. The authors developed 11 polymorphic microsatellite markers to facilitate future research questions. The number of alleles per locus ranged from three to ten and observed heterozygosities ranged from 0.143 to 0.786. Interspecific screening revealed that several loci were polymorphic in Sciurus niger (eight loci) and Tamiasciurus hudsonicus (four loci). These markers will aid in investigations of movements, social structure and mating tactics of eastern gray squirrel populations. C1 [Fike, Jennifer A.; Hennessy, Cecilia A.; Rhodes, Olin E., Jr.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Hennessy, Cecilia A.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. [Kennedy, Michael L.] Univ Memphis, Dept Biol Sci, Ecol Res Ctr, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. RP Hennessy, CA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, 5985 Cty Highway K, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. EM cecilia.hennessy@gmail.com FU Purdue University; wildlife diversity section of the Indiana Department of Natural Resources FX We thank R. Swihart for assistance with obtaining the tissues used for library construction as well as the fox and red squirrel tissues. We thank Z. Olson and J. Beasley for their assistance obtaining samples for the population analysis. Funding for this research was provided by Purdue University and the wildlife diversity section of the Indiana Department of Natural Resources. Special thanks to Benoit Goosens for helpful suggestions to earlier versions of the manuscript. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 41 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1877-7252 J9 CONSERV GENET RESOUR JI Conserv. Genet. Resour. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 5 IS 3 BP 679 EP 681 DI 10.1007/s12686-013-9881-0 PG 3 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity GA 194GT UT WOS:000322619900020 ER PT J AU Larson, AJ Belote, RT Cansler, CA Parks, SA Dietz, MS AF Larson, Andrew J. Belote, R. Travis Cansler, C. Alina Parks, Sean A. Dietz, Matthew S. TI Latent resilience in ponderosa pine forest: effects of resumed frequent fire SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE fire effects; fire exclusion; mixed-severity fire; surface fire; wilderness management ID ECOLOGY; REGIMES; USA AB Ecological systems often exhibit resilient states that are maintained through negative feedbacks. In ponderosa pine forests, fire historically represented the negative feedback mechanism that maintained ecosystem resilience; fire exclusion reduced that resilience, predisposing the transition to an alternative ecosystem state upon reintroduction of fire. We evaluated the effects of reintroduced frequent wildfire in unlogged, fire-excluded, ponderosa pine forest in the Bob Marshall Wilderness, Montana, USA. Initial reintroduction of fire in 2003 reduced tree density and consumed surface fuels, but also stimulated establishment of a dense cohort of lodgepole pine, maintaining a trajectory toward an alternative state. Resumption of a frequent fire regime by a second fire in 2011 restored a low-density forest dominated by large-diameter ponderosa pine by eliminating many regenerating lodgepole pines and by continuing to remove surface fuels and small-diameter lodgepole pine and Douglas-fir that established during the fire suppression era. Our data demonstrate that some unlogged, fire-excluded, ponderosa pine forests possess latent resilience to reintroduced fire. A passive model of simply allowing lightning-ignited fires to burn appears to be a viable approach to restoration of such forests. C1 [Larson, Andrew J.] Univ Montana, Dept Forest Management, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Belote, R. Travis] Northern Rockies Reg Off, Wilderness Soc, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. [Cansler, C. Alina] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Parks, Sean A.] USDA Forest Serv, Aldo Leopold Wilderness Res Inst, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. [Dietz, Matthew S.] Wilderness Soc, San Francisco, CA 94104 USA. RP Larson, AJ (reprint author), Univ Montana, Dept Forest Management, 32 Campus Dr, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. EM a.larson@umontana.edu OI Cansler, C. Alina/0000-0002-2155-4438 FU Aspenwood Foundation; U.S. Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station's National Fire Plan FX We thank Tad Wehunt and Debbie Mucklow for facilitating our work in the Bob Marshall Wilderness. Jerry F. Franklin, Donald McKenzie, and two anonymous reviewers provided comments on earlier drafts that improved this paper. R. T. Belote acknowledges funding support from the Aspenwood Foundation. S. A. Parks acknowledges funding from the U.S. Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station's National Fire Plan. NR 22 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 5 U2 88 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 23 IS 6 BP 1243 EP 1249 DI 10.1890/13-0066.1 PG 7 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 211UD UT WOS:000323935700001 PM 24147398 ER PT J AU Burton, JI Ares, A Olson, DH Puettmann, KJ AF Burton, Julia I. Ares, Adrian Olson, Deanna H. Puettmann, Klaus J. TI Management trade-off between aboveground carbon storage and understory plant species richness in temperate forests SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE carbon mitigation; coarse woody debris; down wood; emergent properties; ground-layer plant communities; herbaceous layer; old growth; structural equation modeling ID COARSE WOODY DEBRIS; STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELS; SOUTHERN BOREAL FORESTS; CANOPY-TREE SEEDLINGS; SOIL CARBON; CONIFEROUS STANDS; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; DECIDUOUS FORESTS; ECOLOGICAL FILTER; FERN UNDERSTORY AB Because forest ecosystems have the capacity to store large quantities of carbon (C), there is interest in managing forests to mitigate elevated CO2 concentrations and associated effects on the global climate. However, some mitigation techniques may contrast with management strategies for other goals, such as maintaining and restoring biodiversity. Forest thinning reduces C storage in the overstory and recruitment of detrital C. These C stores can affect environmental conditions and resource availability in the understory, driving patterns in the distribution of early and late-seral species. We examined the effects of replicated (N = 7) thinning experiments on aboveground C and understory vascular plant species richness, and we contrasted relationships between aboveground C and early- vs. late-seral species richness. Finally, we used structural equation modeling (SEM) to examine relationships among early- and late-seral species richness and live and detrital aboveground C stores. Six years following thinning, aboveground C was greater in the high-density treatment and untreated control than in moderate- (MD) and variable-density (VD) treatments as a result of reductions in live overstory C. In contrast, all thinning treatments increased species richness relative to controls. Between the growing seasons of years 6 and 11 following treatments, the live overstory C increment tended to increase with residual density, while richness decreased in MD and VD treatments. The richness of early-seral species was negatively related to aboveground C in MD and VD, while late-seral species richness was positively (albeit weakly) related to aboveground C. Structural equation modeling analysis revealed strong negative effects of live overstory C on early-seral species richness balanced against weaker positive effects on late-seral species richness, as well as positive effects of detrital C stocks. A trade-off between carbon and plant species richness thus emerges as a net result of these relationships among species traits, thinning treatments, and live and detrital C storage. Integrating C storage with traditional conservation objectives may require managing this trade-off within stands and landscapes (e.g., maintain early-seral habitat and species within dense, C-rich forests and, conversely, live and detrital C stores in early-seral habitats) or separating these goals across scales and species groupings. C1 [Burton, Julia I.; Ares, Adrian; Olson, Deanna H.; Puettmann, Klaus J.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Ares, Adrian] Virginia Tech, Off Int Res Educ & Dev, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Olson, Deanna H.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Burton, JI (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM julia.burton@oregonstate.edu RI Burton, Julia/C-8395-2009 OI Burton, Julia/0000-0002-3205-8819 FU U.S. Department of Interior Bureau of Land Management (BLM); U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service FX Funding was provided by the U.S. Department of Interior Bureau of Land Management (BLM) and the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service. For their contributions to the study, we express our gratitude to Sara Mulford, Kathryn Ronnenberg, Andrew Neill, Aaron Weiskittel, and numerous dedicated field personnel, in addition to all participating BLM site coordinators. For discussions and helpful feedback, we also thank Paul Anderson, Rob Pabst, Maureen Puettmann, and Steve Voelker. The comments provided by two anonymous reviewers led to substantial improvements. NR 98 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 8 U2 77 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 23 IS 6 BP 1297 EP 1310 DI 10.1890/12-1472.1 PG 14 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 211UD UT WOS:000323935700006 PM 24147403 ER PT J AU Holitzki, TM MacKenzie, RA Wiegner, TN McDermid, KJ AF Holitzki, Tara M. MacKenzie, Richard A. Wiegner, Tracy N. McDermid, Karla J. TI Differences in ecological structure, function, and native species abundance between native and invaded Hawaiian streams SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE benthic biofilm; biodiversity; community structure; Gobiidae; Hawaii; macroinvertebrates; nutrient yields; Poeciliidae; stream function ID GAMBUSIA-AFFINIS; TROPICAL STREAM; RED ALDER; FOOD-WEB; INTRODUCED MOSQUITOFISH; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; ECOSYSTEM PROCESSES; ALGAL COMMUNITIES; LENTIPES-CONCOLOR AB Poeciliids, one of the most invasive species worldwide, are found on almost every continent and have been identified as an invasive species of concern in the United States, New Zealand, and Australia. Despite their global prevalence, few studies have quantified their impacts on tropical stream ecosystem structure, function, and biodiversity. Utilizing Hawaiian streams as model ecosystems, we documented how ecological structure, function, and native species abundance differed between poeciliid-free and poeciliid-invaded tropical streams. Stream nutrient yields, benthic biofilm biomass, densities of macroinvertebrates and fish, and community structures of benthic algae, macroinvertebrates, and fish were compared between streams with and without established poeciliid populations on the island of Hawaii, Hawaii, USA. Sum nitrate (Sigma NO3- = NO3- + NO2-), total nitrogen, and total organic carbon yields were eight times, six times, and five times higher, respectively, in poeciliid streams than in poeciliid-free streams. Benthic biofilm ash-free dry mass was 1.5x higher in poeciliid streams than in poeciliid-free streams. Percentage contributions of chironomids and hydroptilid caddisflies to macroinvertebrate densities were lower in poeciliid streams compared to poeciliid-free streams, while percentage contributions of Cheumatopsyche analis caddisflies, Dugesia sp. flatworms, and oligochaetes were higher. Additionally, mean densities of native gobies were two times lower in poeciliid streams than in poeciliid-free ones, with poeciliid densities being approximately eight times higher than native fish densities. Our results, coupled with the wide distribution of invasive poeciliids across Hawaii and elsewhere in the tropics, suggest that poeciliids may negatively impact the ecosystem structure, function, and native species abundance of tropical streams they invade. This underscores the need for increased public awareness to prevent future introductions and for developing and implementing effective eradication and restoration strategies. C1 [Holitzki, Tara M.] Univ Hawaii, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [MacKenzie, Richard A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Wiegner, Tracy N.; McDermid, Karla J.] Univ Hawaii, Dept Marine Sci, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Holitzki, TM (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, 200 West Kawili St, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM holitzki@hawaii.edu FU Hawaii EPSCoR Research Enhancement Activates Program (REAP); PRISM program at the University of Hawai'i at Hilo; USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station FX This project was funded by a Hawaii EPSCoR Research Enhancement Activates Program (REAP) and the PRISM program at the University of Hawai'i at Hilo. Additional support was provided by the USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station. We thank Caitlin Kryss, Cassie Lyons, Topaz Collins, and the University of Hawai'i at Hilo Analytical Laboratory. The quality of the manuscript was greatly improved by anonymous reviewer comments. NR 134 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 7 U2 78 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 23 IS 6 BP 1367 EP 1383 DI 10.1890/12-0529.1 PG 17 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 211UD UT WOS:000323935700012 PM 24147409 ER PT J AU Liu, SB Sehgal, SK Li, JR Lin, M Trick, HN Yu, JM Gill, BS Bai, GH AF Liu, Shubing Sehgal, Sunish K. Li, Jiarui Lin, Meng Trick, Harold N. Yu, Jianming Gill, Bikram S. Bai, Guihua TI Cloning and Characterization of a Critical Regulator for Preharvest Sprouting in Wheat SO GENETICS LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; WHITE WINTER-WHEAT; SEED-GERMINATION; GRAIN DORMANCY; GENE; RESISTANCE; RICE; ARABIDOPSIS; SEQUENCES; DATABASE AB Sprouting of grains in mature spikes before harvest is a major problem in wheat (Triticum aestivum) production worldwide. We cloned and characterized a gene underlying a wheat quantitative trait locus (QTL) on the short arm of chromosome 3A for preharvest sprouting (PHS) resistance in white wheat using comparative mapping and map-based cloning. This gene, designated TaPHS1, is a wheat homolog of a MOTHER OF FLOWERING TIME (TaMFT)-like gene. RNA interference-mediated knockdown of the gene confirmed that TaPHS1 positively regulates PHS resistance. We discovered two causal mutations in TaPHS1 that jointly altered PHS resistance in wheat. One GT-to-AT mutation generates a mis-splicing site, and the other A-to-T mutation creates a premature stop codon that results in a truncated nonfunctional transcript. Association analysis of a set of wheat cultivars validated the role of the two mutations on PHS resistance. The molecular characterization of TaPHS1 is significant for expediting breeding for PHS resistance to protect grain yield and quality in wheat production. C1 [Liu, Shubing; Lin, Meng; Yu, Jianming; Bai, Guihua] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Sehgal, Sunish K.; Li, Jiarui; Trick, Harold N.; Gill, Bikram S.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Gill, Bikram S.] King Abdulaziz Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Fac Sci, Genom & Biotechnol Sect, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia. [Bai, Guihua] Kansas State Univ, USDA ARS, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Bai, GH (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, USDA ARS, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, 4008 Throckmorton Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM guihua.bai@ars.usda.gov RI Fac Sci, KAU, Biol Sci Dept/L-4228-2013; OI Yu, Jianming/0000-0001-5326-3099; Trick, Harold/0000-0001-5255-5575 FU National Research Initiative Competitive Grants (NRICG) CAP project [2011-68002-30029]; NRICG from the National Institute of Food and Agriculture of the U.S. Department of Agriculture [2006-35604-17248, 2008-35300-04588] FX We thank Hyeonju Lee and Dehlia McAfee from the Kansas State University Department of Plant Pathology for technical assistance in wheat transformation and R. Graybosch, USDA/ARS in Lincoln, Nebraska, for providing original recombinant inbred line population. This project was partially supported by the National Research Initiative Competitive Grants (NRICG) CAP project 2011-68002-30029, and NRICG grants 2006-35604-17248 and 2008-35300-04588 from the National Institute of Food and Agriculture of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Contribution number 13-277-J is from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 44 TC 35 Z9 41 U1 7 U2 48 PU GENETICS SOC AM PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 1943-2631 J9 GENETICS JI Genetics PD SEP PY 2013 VL 195 IS 1 BP 263 EP + DI 10.1534/genetics.113.152330 PG 26 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 214YC UT WOS:000324174200022 PM 23821595 ER PT J AU Smith, CE Ngwa, J Tanaka, T Qi, Q Wojczynski, MK Lemaitre, RN Anderson, JS Manichaikul, A Mikkila, V Van Rooij, FJA Ye, Z Bandinelli, S Frazier-Wood, AC Houston, DK Hu, F Langenberg, C McKeown, NM Mozaffarian, D North, KE Viikari, J Zillikens, MC Djousse, L Hofman, A Kahonen, M Kabagambe, EK Loos, RJF Saylor, GB Forouhi, NG Liu, Y Mukamal, KJ Chen, YDI Tsai, MY Uitterlinden, AG Raitakari, O Van Duijn, CM Arnett, DK Borecki, IB Cupples, LA Ferrucci, L Kritchevsky, SB Lehtimaki, T Qi, L Rotter, JI Siscovick, DS Wareham, NJ Witteman, JCM Ordovas, JM Nettleton, JA AF Smith, C. E. Ngwa, J. Tanaka, T. Qi, Q. Wojczynski, M. K. Lemaitre, R. N. Anderson, J. S. Manichaikul, A. Mikkila, V. Van Rooij, F. J. A. Ye, Z. Bandinelli, S. Frazier-Wood, A. C. Houston, D. K. Hu, F. Langenberg, C. McKeown, N. M. Mozaffarian, D. North, K. E. Viikari, J. Zillikens, M. C. Djousse, L. Hofman, A. Kahonen, M. Kabagambe, E. K. Loos, R. J. F. Saylor, G. B. Forouhi, N. G. Liu, Y. Mukamal, K. J. Chen, Y-D I. Tsai, M. Y. Uitterlinden, A. G. Raitakari, O. Van Duijn, C. M. Arnett, D. K. Borecki, I. B. Cupples, L. A. Ferrucci, L. Kritchevsky, S. B. Lehtimaki, T. Qi, Lu Rotter, J. I. Siscovick, D. S. Wareham, N. J. Witteman, J. C. M. Ordovas, J. M. Nettleton, J. A. TI Lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 variants and dietary fatty acids: meta-analysis of European origin and African American studies SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY LA English DT Article DE low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1; SNPs; saturated fatty acids; gene-diet interactions ID GENE-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS; OBESITY-ASSOCIATED GENE; WEIGHT-LOSS DIETS; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; BODY-WEIGHT; ASSOCIATION; MASS; EXPRESSION; COHORT; SAMPLE AB OBJECTIVE: Low-density lipoprotein-related receptor protein 1 (LRP1) is a multi-functional endocytic receptor and signaling molecule that is expressed in adipose and the hypothalamus. Evidence for a role of LRP1 in adiposity is accumulating from animal and in vitro models, but data from human studies are limited. The study objectives were to evaluate (i) relationships between LRP1 genotype and anthropometric traits, and (ii) whether these relationships were modified by dietary fatty acids. DESIGN AND METHODS: We conducted race/ethnic-specific meta-analyses using data from 14 studies of US and European whites and 4 of African Americans to evaluate associations of dietary fatty acids and LRP1 genotypes with body mass index (BMI), waist circumference and hip circumference, as well as interactions between dietary fatty acids and LRP1 genotypes. Seven single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of LRP1 were evaluated in whites (N up to 42 000) and twelve SNPs in African Americans (N up to 5800). RESULTS: After adjustment for age, sex and population substructure if relevant, for each one unit greater intake of percentage of energy from saturated fat (SFA), BMI was 0.104 kg m(-2) greater, waist was 0.305 cm larger and hip was 0.168 cm larger (all P<0.0001). Other fatty acids were not associated with outcomes. The association of SFA with outcomes varied by genotype at rs2306692 (genotyped in four studies of whites), where the magnitude of the association of SFA intake with each outcome was greater per additional copy of the T allele: 0.107 kg m(-2) greater for BMI (interaction P - 0.0001), 0.267 cm for waist (interaction P = 0.001) and 0.21 cm for hip (interaction P = 0.001). No other significant interactions were observed. CONCLUSION: Dietary SFA and LRP1 genotype may interactively influence anthropometric traits. Further exploration of this, and other diet x genotype interactions, may improve understanding of interindividual variability in the relationships of dietary factors with anthropometric traits. C1 [Smith, C. E.; McKeown, N. M.; Ordovas, J. M.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr & Genom Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ngwa, J.; Cupples, L. A.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA USA. [Tanaka, T.; Ferrucci, L.] NIA, Clin Res Branch, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. [Qi, Q.; Hu, F.; Qi, Lu] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Wojczynski, M. K.; Borecki, I. B.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Lemaitre, R. N.] Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. [Anderson, J. S.; Saylor, G. B.] Wake Forest Sch Med, Cardiol Sect, Dept Internal Med, Winston Salem, NC USA. [Manichaikul, A.] Univ Virginia, Ctr Publ Hlth Genom, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Manichaikul, A.] Univ Virginia, Div Biostat & Epidemiol, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Mikkila, V.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Food & Environm Sci, Helsinki, Finland. [Van Rooij, F. J. A.; Hofman, A.; Uitterlinden, A. G.; Van Duijn, C. M.; Witteman, J. C. M.] Erasmus MC, Dept Epidemiol, Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Van Rooij, F. J. A.; Zillikens, M. C.; Hofman, A.; Uitterlinden, A. G.; Van Duijn, C. M.; Witteman, J. C. M.] NGI, NCHA, Leiden, Netherlands. [Ye, Z.; Langenberg, C.; Loos, R. J. F.; Forouhi, N. G.; Wareham, N. J.] Addenbrookes Hosp, Inst Metab Sci, MRC Epidemiol Unit, Cambridge, England. [Bandinelli, S.] Azienda Sanitaria Firenze, Geriatr Rehabil Unit, Florence, Italy. [Frazier-Wood, A. C.; Kabagambe, E. K.; Arnett, D. K.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Sect Stat Genet, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL USA. [Frazier-Wood, A. C.; Kabagambe, E. K.; Arnett, D. K.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Off Energet, Birmingham, AL USA. [Houston, D. K.; Kritchevsky, S. B.] Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Sticht Ctr Aging, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Hu, F.; Qi, Lu] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med, Channing Lab, Boston, MA USA. [Hu, F.; Qi, Lu] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Mozaffarian, D.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Mozaffarian, D.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Mozaffarian, D.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med, Div Cardiovasc Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Mozaffarian, D.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med, Channing Lab, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Mozaffarian, D.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [North, K. E.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [North, K. E.] Univ N Carolina, Carolina Ctr Genome Sci, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Viikari, J.] Univ Turku, Dept Med, Turku, Finland. [Viikari, J.] Turku Univ Hosp, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland. [Zillikens, M. C.; Uitterlinden, A. G.] Erasmus MC, Dept Internal Med, Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Djousse, L.] Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Djousse, L.] Boston VA Healthcare Syst, Boston, MA USA. [Kahonen, M.] Univ Tampere, Dept Clin Physiol, FIN-33101 Tampere, Finland. [Kahonen, M.] Tampere Univ Hosp, Tampere, Finland. [Liu, Y.] Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Winston Salem, NC USA. [Mukamal, K. J.] Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Chen, Y-D I.; Rotter, J. I.] Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Med Genet Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. [Tsai, M. Y.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Raitakari, O.] Univ Turku, Res Ctr Appl & Prevent Cardiovasc Med, Turku, Finland. [Raitakari, O.] Turku Univ Hosp, Dept Clin Physiol & Nucl Med, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland. [Cupples, L. A.] Framingham Heart Dis Epidemiol Study, Framingham, MA USA. [Lehtimaki, T.] Univ Tampere, Fimlab Labs, Dept Clin Chem, FIN-33101 Tampere, Finland. [Lehtimaki, T.] Tampere Univ Hosp, Tampere, Finland. [Siscovick, D. S.] Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. [Siscovick, D. S.] Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Ordovas, J. M.] CNIC, Dept Epidemiol & Populat Genet, Madrid, Spain. [Ordovas, J. M.] Estudios Avanzados Alimentac, Inst Madrilenos, Madrid, Spain. [Nettleton, J. A.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Div Epidemiol Human Genet & Environm Sci, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Ordovas, JM (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr & Genom Lab, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM jose.ordovas@tufts.edu RI Wood, Lekki/B-8053-2010; OI Wood, Lekki/0000-0001-7616-2119; Forouhi, Nita/0000-0002-5041-248X FU National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute [HHSN268 201100005C, HHSN268201100006C, HHSN268201100007C, HHSN268201100008C, HHSN268201100009C, HHSN268201100010C, HHSN268201100011C, HHSN268 201100012C]; National Human Genome Research Institute [U01HG004402]; National Institutes of Health [HHSN268200625226C, UL1RR025005, HHSN268200782096C, HL71981, CA055075, CA87969, CA49449]; NIH Roadmap for Medical Research; National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [5K01DK 082729-04]; NHLBI [N01-HC-85239, N01-HC-85079, N01-HC-85080, N01-HC-85081, N01-HC-85082, N01-HC-85083, N01-HC-85084, N01-HC-85085, N01-HC-85086, N01-HC-35129]; NIA [AG-023629, AG-15928, AG-20098, AG-027058, R01 AG032098]; National Center of Advancing Translational Technologies CTSI [UL1TR000124]; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [DK063491]; Medical Research Council; Cancer Research United Kingdom; Stroke Association; British Heart Foundation; Research Into Ageing; Academy of Medical Science; NIH from NHLBI [R01 HL087700, R01 HL088215]; NIDDK [R01 DK075681, R01 DK8925601]; Wellcome Trust; Affymetrix, Inc. [N02-HL-6-4278]; Robert Dawson Evans Endowment of the Department of Medicine at Boston University School of Medicine; Boston Medical Center; NIH/NIDDK [R01 DK089256-01]; USDA [58-1950-7-707]; US Department of Agriculture Research Service [53-K06-5-10, 58-1950-9-001]; Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute on Aging [N01AG62101, N01AG62103, N01AG62106]; American Heart Association [0730094N]; Italian Ministry of Health; US National Institute on Aging [263 MD 9164, 263 MD 821336]; National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI) [N01-HC-95159, N01-HC-95160, N01-HC-95161, N01-HC-95162, N01-HC-95163, N01-HC-95164, N01-HC-95165, N01-HC-95166, N01-HC-95167, N01-HC-95168, N01-HC-95169, RR-024156]; Netherlands Organisation of Scientific Research NWO Investments [175.010.2005.011, 911-03-012]; Research Institute for Diseases in the Elderly [014-93-015]; Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)/Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) [050-060-810]; Erasmus Medical Center; Erasmus University, Rotterdam; Netherlands Organization for the Health Research and Development (ZonMw); Research Institute for Diseases in the Elderly (RIDE); Ministry of Education, Culture and Science; Ministry for Health, Welfare and Sports; European Commission; Municipality of Rotterdam; Academy of Finland [126925, 121584, 124282, 129378, 117787, 41071]; Social Insurance Institution of Finland, Kuopio, Tampere; Turku University Hospital Medical Funds [9M048, 9N035]; Juho Vainio Foundation; Paavo Nurmi Foundation; Finnish Foundation of Cardiovascular Research; Finnish Cultural Foundation; Tampere Tuberculosis Foundation; Emil Aaltonen Foundation; NHLBI. [N02-HL-6-4278, N01 HC-15103, N01 HC-55222, N01-HC-75150, N01-HC-45133, HHSN268201200036C, HL080295, R01-HL085251, HL087652, HL105756, N01-HC-25195, U01-HL072524]; [R01HL087641]; [R01HL59367]; [R01HL086694]; [P50 HL105185-01]; [ICS110.1/RF97.71]; [R01HL071051]; [R01HL071205]; [R01HL071250]; [R01HL071251]; [R01HL071252]; [R01HL 071258]; [R01HL071259] FX The Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities (ARIC) Study is carried out as a collaborative study supported by National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute contracts (HHSN268 201100005C, HHSN268201100006C, HHSN268201100007C, HHSN268201100008C, HHSN268201100009C, HHSN268201100010C, HHSN268201100011C and HHSN268 201100012C), R01HL087641, R01HL59367 and R01HL086694; National Human Genome Research Institute contract U01HG004402; and National Institutes of Health contract HHSN268200625226C. We the staff and participants of the ARIC study for their important contributions. Infrastructure was partly supported by Grant Number UL1RR025005, a component of the National Institutes of Health and NIH Roadmap for Medical Research. Dr Nettleton is supported by a K01 from the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (5K01DK 082729-04). Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) research was supported by NHLBI contracts N01-HC-85239, N01-HC-85079 through N01-HC-85086; N01-HC-35129, N01 HC-15103, N01 HC-55222, N01-HC-75150, N01-HC-45133, HHSN268201200036C and NHLBI grants HL080295, R01-HL085251 HL087652, HL105756 with additional contribution from NINDS. Additional support was provided through AG-023629, AG-15928, AG-20098 and AG-027058 from the NIA. See also http://www.chs-nhlbi.org/pi.htm. DNA handling and genotyping was supported in part by National Center of Advancing Translational Technologies CTSI grant UL1TR000124 and National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases grant DK063491 to the Southern California Diabetes Endocrinology Research Center. European Prospective Investigation of Cancer Norfolk (EPIC Norfolk): EPIC-Norfolk is supported by grant funding from the Medical Research Council and Cancer Research United Kingdom with additional support from the Stroke Association, British Heart Foundation, Research Into Ageing and the Academy of Medical Science. The Family Heart Study (FamHS) work was supported by NIH grants R01 HL087700, R01 HL088215 (Michael A. Province) from NHLBI; and R01 DK075681 and R01 DK8925601 from NIDDK (Ingrid B. Borecki). The investigators thank the staff and participants of the FamHS for their important contributions. The Fenland Study is funded by the Wellcome Trust and the Medical Research Council. We are grateful to all the volunteers for their time and help and to the General Practitioners and practice staff for help with recruitment. We thank the Fenland Study co-ordination team, the Field Epidemiology team and the Fenland Study investigators. Biochemical assays were performed by the National Institute for Health Research, Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Core Biochemistry Assay Laboratory and the Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust. The Framingham Offspring Study and Framingham Third Generation Study (FHS) were conducted in part using data and resources from the Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health and Boston University School of Medicine. The analyses reflect intellectual input and resource development from the Framingham Heart Study investigators participating in the SNP Health Association Resource (SHARe) project. This work was partially supported by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study (Contract No. N01-HC-25195) and its contract with Affymetrix, Inc., for genotyping services (Contract No. N02-HL-6-4278).; A portion of this research utilized the Linux Cluster for Genetic Analysis (LinGA-II) funded by the Robert Dawson Evans Endowment of the Department of Medicine at Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center. Dr Cupples and Mr Ngwa are partially supported by NIH/NIDDK grant R01 DK089256-01. Dr Nicola McKeown is supported by the USDA agreement No. 58-1950-7-707. The GOLDN (Genetics of Lipid Lowering Drugs and Diet Network) study was funded by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute Grant No. U01-HL072524, Genetic and Environmental Determinants of Triglycerides. Dr Smith and Dr Ordovas are partially supported by P50 HL105185-01 and contracts 53-K06-5-10 and 58-1950-9-001 from the US Department of Agriculture Research Service. The Health, Aging and Body Composition (Health ABC) study was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute on Aging contracts N01AG62101, N01AG62103 and N01AG62106. The genome-wide association study was funded by NIA grant R01 AG032098 to Wake Forest University Health Sciences and genotyping services were provided by the Center for Inherited Disease Research (CIDR). CIDR is fully funded through a federal contract from the National Institutes of Health to The Johns Hopkins University, contract number HHSN268200782096C. Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS): The HPFS was supported by grants HL71981 and CA055075 from the National Institutes of Health. Dr Lu Qi is a recipient of the American Heart Association Scientist Development Award (0730094N). We thank the participants of the HPFS for their continued cooperation. Invecchiare in Chianti (aging in the Chianti area, InCHIANTI) study investigators thank the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute on Aging who are responsible for the InCHIANTI samples. Investigators also thank the InCHIANTI participants. The InCHIANTI study baseline (1998-2000) was supported as a 'targeted project' (ICS110.1/RF97.71) by the Italian Ministry of Health and in part by the US National Institute on Aging (Contracts: 263 MD 9164 and 263 MD 821336). MESA and the MESA SHARe project are conducted and supported by contracts N01-HC-95159 through N01-HC-95169 and RR-024156 from the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI). Funding for MESA SHARe genotyping was provided by NHLBI Contract N02-HL-6-4278. MESA Family is conducted and supported in collaboration with MESA investigators; support is provided by grants and contracts R01HL071051, R01HL071205, R01HL071250, R01HL071251, R01HL071252, R01HL 071258, R01HL071259. We thank the participants of the MESA study, the Coordinating Center, MESA investigators, and study staff for their valuable contributions. A full list of participating MESA investigators and institutions can be found at http://www.mesa-nhlbi.org. Nurses Health Study (NHS): The NHS was supported by grants HL71981, CA87969 and CA49449 from the National Institutes of Health. Dr Lu Qi is a recipient of the American Heart Association Scientist Development Award (0730094N). We thank the participants of the NHS for their continued cooperation. Rotterdam Study: The generation and management of GWAS genotype data for the Rotterdam Study is supported by the Netherlands Organisation of Scientific Research NWO Investments (nr. 175.010.2005.011, 911-03-012). This study is funded by the Research Institute for Diseases in the Elderly (014-93-015; RIDE2), the Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)/Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) project nr. 050-060-810.; We thank Pascal Arp, Mila Jhamai, Marijn Verkerk, Lizbeth Herrera and Marjolein Peters for their help in creating the GWAS database, and Karol Estrada and Maksim V. Struchalin for their support in creation and analysis of imputed data. The Rotterdam Study is funded by Erasmus Medical Center and Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Netherlands Organization for the Health Research and Development (ZonMw), the Research Institute for Diseases in the Elderly (RIDE), the Ministry of Education, Culture and Science, the Ministry for Health, Welfare and Sports, the European Commission (DG XII) and the Municipality of Rotterdam. We are grateful to the study participants, the staff from the Rotterdam Study and the participating general practitioners and pharmacists. Young Finns Study: The Young Finns Study has been financially supported by the Academy of Finland: grants 126925, 121584, 124282, 129378 (Salve), 117787 (Gendi) and 41071 (Skidi), the Social Insurance Institution of Finland, Kuopio, Tampere and Turku University Hospital Medical Funds (grant 9M048 and 9N035 for TeLeht), Juho Vainio Foundation, Paavo Nurmi Foundation, Finnish Foundation of Cardiovascular Research and Finnish Cultural Foundation, Tampere Tuberculosis Foundation and Emil Aaltonen Foundation (T. L). The authors gratefully acknowledge the statistical analyses provided by Ville Aalto. NR 39 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 14 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0307-0565 J9 INT J OBESITY JI Int. J. Obes. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 37 IS 9 BP 1211 EP 1220 DI 10.1038/ijo.2012.215 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 216QX UT WOS:000324300100008 PM 23357958 ER PT J AU Joo, NS Dawson-Hughes, B Yeum, KJ AF Joo, Nam-Seok Dawson-Hughes, Bess Yeum, Kyung-Jin TI 25-Hydroxyvitamin D, Calcium Intake, and Bone Mineral Content in Adolescents and Young Adults: Analysis of the Fourth and Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES IV-2, 3, 2008-2009 and V-1, 2010) SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM LA English DT Article ID VITAMIN-D STATUS; PARATHYROID-HORMONE CONCENTRATIONS; DIETARY CALCIUM; CHILDREN; GIRLS; SUPPLEMENTATION; MASS; DENSITY; SCHOOL; DETERMINANTS AB Context: The amount of calcium and vitamin D needed to support bone development is still uncertain. Objective: We examined the association of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and calcium intake with bone mineral content (BMC). Design: A total of 2918 subjects (1345 males and 1573 females) aged 10 to 29 years from the 2008-2010 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were stratified into 3 age groups: early adolescents, late adolescents, and young adults. Outcome Measures: BMC of femoral neck, total hip, and lumbar spine were evaluated in each group according to quartiles of serum 25(OH)D concentration and calcium intake. Results: Mean serum 25(OH)D for all males and females were 43.4 and 39.2 nmol/L, and calcium intakes were 524.4 and 437.2 mg/d, respectively. Early adolescent and young adult males had strong and significant associations of serum 25(OH)D with BMC at each skeletal site. The association was not linear, and a step up was observed at a 25(OH)D concentration of 53.0 nmol/L. Although the impact of calcium intake on BMC was not evident, the top quartile of both serum 25(OH)D and calcium intake had a higher BMC than those in the top quartile of either nutrient alone in these subjects. In late adolescent males and in females, 25(OH)D and BMC associations were inconsistent. Conclusions: This cross-sectional study indicates a significant association of serum 25(OH)D concentration with BMC and a supportive role of calcium on bone mass for early adolescents and young adult males. We believe that a large proportion of young Koreans would attain greater BMC if they increased their 25(OH)D concentrations and calcium intake. (J Clin Endocrinol Metab 98: 3627-3636, 2013) C1 [Joo, Nam-Seok; Dawson-Hughes, Bess; Yeum, Kyung-Jin] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Joo, Nam-Seok] Ajou Univ, Sch Med, Suwon 443749, South Korea. [Yeum, Kyung-Jin] Konkuk Univ, Coll Biomed & Hlth Sci, Chungju Si 380701, Chungcheongbuk, South Korea. RP Yeum, KJ (reprint author), Konkuk Univ, Coll Biomed & Hlth Sci, Div Food Biosci, Chungju Si 380701, Chungcheongbuk, South Korea. EM kyeum@kku.ac.kr FU U.S. Department of Agriculture [58-1950-7-707] FX The work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, under agreement number 58-1950-7-707. Any opinions, findings, conclusion, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 32 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 7 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0021-972X J9 J CLIN ENDOCR METAB JI J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 98 IS 9 BP 3627 EP 3636 DI 10.1210/jc.2013-1480 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 214YJ UT WOS:000324175200033 PM 23796567 ER PT J AU Durso, LM AF Durso, Lisa M. TI Primary Isolation of Shiga Toxigenic Escherichia coli from Environmental Sources SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Review ID ANTIGEN GENE-CLUSTER; WASHED BLOOD AGAR; REAL-TIME PCR; IMMUNOMAGNETIC SEPARATION; BEEF-CATTLE; GROUND-BEEF; HEMORRHAGIC COLITIS; QUANTITATIVE DETECTION; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; O157-H7 INFECTIONS AB Since the time of the first microbe hunters, primary culture and isolation of bacteria has been a foundation of microbiology. Like other microbial methods, bacterial culture and isolation methodologies continue to develop. Although fundamental concepts like selection and enrichment are as relevant today as they were over 100 yr ago, advances in chemistry, molecular biology and bacterial ecology mean that today's culture and isolation techniques serve additional supporting roles. The primary isolation of Shiga toxigenic Escherichia coli (STEC) from environmental sources relies on enriching the target while excluding extensive background flora. Due to the complexity of environmental substrates, no single method can be recommended; however, common themes are discussed. Brilliant Green Bile Broth, with or without antibiotics, is one of many broths used successfully for selective STEC enrichment. Stressed cells may require a pre-enrichment recovery step in a nonselective broth such as buffered peptone water. After enrichment, immunomagnetic separation with serotype specific beads drastically increases the chances for recovery of STEC from environmental or insect sources. Some evidence suggests that acid treating the recovered beads can further enhance isolation. Although it is common in human clinical, food safety, and water quality applications to plate the recovered beads on Sorbitol MacConkey Agar, other chromogenic media, such as modified CHROMagar, have proven helpful in field and outbreak applications, allowing the target to be distinguished from the numerous background flora. Optimum conditions for each sample and target must be determined empirically, highlighting the need for a better understanding of STEC ecology. C1 Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Durso, LM (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, 137 Keim Hall,Lincoln East Campus, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM lisa.durso@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS, National Program 214 FX The author thanks Jennifer McGhee and Amy Mantz for technical assistance, Adam Shrek for sample collection, James Bono for sharing the non-O157 strains used for the photos, and Brian Wienhold for critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by the USDA-ARS, National Program 214. NR 146 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 30 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 42 IS 5 BP 1295 EP 1307 DI 10.2134/jeq2013.02.0035 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 213XZ UT WOS:000324095200002 PM 24216409 ER PT J AU Sharpley, A Jarvie, HP Buda, A May, L Spears, B Kleinman, P AF Sharpley, Andrew Jarvie, Helen P. Buda, Anthony May, Linda Spears, Bryan Kleinman, Peter TI Phosphorus Legacy: Overcoming the Effects of Past Management Practices to Mitigate Future Water Quality Impairment SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID RELATING SOIL-PHOSPHORUS; STREAM-BED SEDIMENTS; LOCH LEVEN; AGRICULTURAL WATERSHEDS; NUTRIENT RETENTION; FLUVIAL SEDIMENT; LAKE-ERIE; RESIDUAL PHOSPHORUS; EXTERNAL PHOSPHORUS; FLOODPLAIN SYSTEMS AB The water quality response to implementation of conservation measures across watersheds has been slower and smaller than expected. This has led many to question the efficacy of these measures and to call for stricter land and nutrient management strategies. In many cases, this limited response has been due to the legacies of past management activities, where sinks and stores of P along the land-freshwater continuum mask the effects of reductions in edge-of-field losses of P. Accounting for legacy P along this continuum is important to correctly apportion sources and to develop successful watershed remediation. In this study, we examined the drivers of legacy P at the watershed scale, specifically in relation to the physical cascades and biogeochemical spirals of P along the continuum from soils to rivers and lakes and via surface and subsurface flow pathways. Terrestrial P legacies encompass prior nutrient and land management activities that have built up soil P to levels that exceed crop requirements and modified the connectivity between terrestrial P sources and fluvial transport. River and lake P legacies encompass a range of processes that control retention and remobilization of P, and these are linked to water and sediment residence times. We provide case studies that highlight the major processes and varying timescales across which legacy P continues to contribute P to receiving waters and undermine restoration efforts, and we discuss how these P legacies could be managed in future conservation programs. C1 [Sharpley, Andrew] Univ Arkansas, Div Agr, Dep Crop Soil & Environm Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Jarvie, Helen P.] Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Wallingford OX10 8BB, Oxon, England. [Buda, Anthony; Kleinman, Peter] USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [May, Linda; Spears, Bryan] Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Penicuik EH26 0QB, Midlothian, Scotland. RP Sharpley, A (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Div Agr, Dep Crop Soil & Environm Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM sharpley@uark.edu RI May, Linda/D-7943-2011; Jarvie, Helen/A-3054-2013; Spears, Bryan/I-3688-2012 OI Jarvie, Helen/0000-0002-4984-1607; NR 211 TC 115 Z9 115 U1 20 U2 209 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 42 IS 5 BP 1308 EP 1326 DI 10.2134/jeq2013.03.0098 PG 19 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 213XZ UT WOS:000324095200003 PM 24216410 ER PT J AU Bonifacio, HF Maghirang, RG Trabue, SL McConnell, LL Prueger, JH Razote, EB AF Bonifacio, Henry F. Maghirang, Ronaldo G. Trabue, Steven L. McConnell, Laura L. Prueger, John H. Razote, Edna B. TI Particulate Emissions from a Beef Cattle Feedlot Using the Flux-Gradient Technique SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; DISPERSION MODELS; EDDY DIFFUSIVITY; AIR EMISSIONS; AMMONIA; ATMOSPHERE; VOLATILIZATION; GRASSLAND; KANSAS; CARBON AB Data on air emissions from open-lot beef cattle (Bos taurus) feedlots are limited. This research was conducted to determine fluxes of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <= 10 mu m (PM10) from a commercial beef cattle feedlot in Kansas using the flux-gradient technique, a widely used micrometeorological method for air emissions from open sources. Vertical PM10 concentration profiles and micrometeorological parameters were measured at the feedlot using tapered element oscillating microbalance PM10 samplers and eddy covariance instrumentations (i.e., sonic anemometer and infrared hygrometer), respectively, from May 2010 through September 2011, representing feedlot conditions with air temperatures ranging from -24 to 39 degrees C. Calculated hourly PM10 fluxes varied diurnally and seasonally, ranging up to 272 mg m-(2) h(-1), with an overall median of 36 mg m(-2) h(-1). For warm conditions (air temperature of 21 +/- 10 degrees C), the highest hourly PM10 fluxes (range 116-146 mg m(-2) h(-1)) were observed during the early evening period, from 2000 to 2100 h. For cold conditions (air temperature of -2 +/- 8 degrees C), the highest PM10 fluxes (range 14-27 mg m(-2) h(-1)) were observed in the afternoon, from 1100 to 1500 h. Changes in the hourly trend of PM10 fluxes coincided with changes in friction velocity, air temperature, sensible heat flux, and surface roughness. The PM10 emission was also affected by the pen surface water content, where a water content of at least 20% (wet basis) would be sufficient to effectively reduce PM10 emissions from pens by as much as 60%. C1 [Bonifacio, Henry F.; Maghirang, Ronaldo G.] Kansas State Univ, Dep Biol & Agr Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Trabue, Steven L.; Prueger, John H.] USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [McConnell, Laura L.] USDA ARS, Environm Management & Byprod Utilizat Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Razote, Edna B.] Bur Air, Kansas Dep Hlth & Environm, Topeka, KS 66612 USA. RP Maghirang, RG (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dep Biol & Agr Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM rmaghir@k-state.edu OI Trabue, Steven/0000-0002-4584-5790 FU USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2009-35112-3544]; K-State Research and Extension [13-261-J]; USDA-ARS FX This study was supported by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (Project no. 2009-35112-3544), K-State Research and Extension (Contribution no. 13-261-J), and the USDA-ARS. Technical assistance provided by Darrell Oard and Howell Gonzales of Kansas State University; Dr. Li Guo, Dr. Orlando Aguilar, and Curtis Leiker, formerly of Kansas State University; Dr. Kenwood Scoggin of the USDA-ARS, Ames, IA; and Dr. Bernardo Predicala of Prairie Swine Centre Inc., Saskatoon, SK, Canada, is acknowledged. Cooperation of feedlot operators and KLA Environmental Services, Inc., is also acknowledged. NR 53 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 42 IS 5 BP 1341 EP 1352 DI 10.2134/jeq2013.04.0129 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 213XZ UT WOS:000324095200005 PM 24216412 ER PT J AU Williams, CF Watson, JE Nelson, SD Walker, CW AF Williams, C. F. Watson, J. E. Nelson, S. D. Walker, C. W. TI Sorption/Desorption of Lincomycin from Three Arid-Region Soils SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER; WASTE-WATER TREATMENT; LIQUID SWINE MANURE; VETERINARY ANTIBIOTICS; ENVIRONMENT; FATE; COMPLEXATION; CLINDAMYCIN; RESIDUES; REMOVAL AB The antibiotic lincomycin is commonly found in treated municipal waste water and in waste from swine and poultry production. Environmental disposal of these wastes has the potential to introduce a significant mass of lincomycin into the ecosystem. In the present study, a series of sorption and desorption experiments were conducted to determine the potential mobility of lincomycin in soils from arid environments. Sorption and desorption isotherms were obtained for lincomycin using three different soils. Isotherms were fit to the Freundlich equation. Adsorption of lincomycin was found to have a K-f of 11.98 for a biosolid-treated soil (1.58% OC) and a K-f of 210.15 for a similar unamended soil (1.42% OC). It was also found that for a low-organic-content soil the K-f was 5.09. The differences in adsorption can be related to the soil pH and the pKa of lincomycin (7.5-7.8). When the soil solution pH is below the pKa, the cationic species of lincomycin dominates, resulting in increased water solubility. Interaction with the cation exchange complex is minimal due to a high solution cation concentration (Ca2+ and Na+). Desorption isotherms also indicate that when the solution pH is lower than the pKa, retention of lincomycin is reduced. Our results indicate that the mobility of lincomycin in these arid region soils is dependent on soil pH. C1 [Williams, C. F.] USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [Watson, J. E.] Penn State Univ, Crop & Soil Sci Dep, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Nelson, S. D.] Texas A&M Univ, Dep Agron & Resource Sci, Kingsville, TX 78363 USA. [Walker, C. W.] US Geol Survey, MD DE DC Water Sci Ctr, Catonsville, MD 21228 USA. RP Williams, CF (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, 21881 N Cardon Ln, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. EM clinton.williams@ars.usda.gov NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 39 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 42 IS 5 BP 1460 EP 1465 DI 10.2134/jeq2013.04.0138 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 213XZ UT WOS:000324095200016 PM 24216423 ER PT J AU Fang, QX Ma, L Yu, Q Hu, CS Li, XX Malone, RW Ahuja, LR AF Fang, Q. X. Ma, L. Yu, Q. Hu, C. S. Li, X. X. Malone, R. W. Ahuja, L. R. TI Quantifying Climate and Management Effects on Regional Crop Yield and Nitrogen Leaching in the North China Plain SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID REDUCING ENVIRONMENTAL RISK; WHEAT-MAIZE; USE EFFICIENCY; WINTER-WHEAT; NITRATE CONTAMINATION; SYSTEM MANAGEMENT; WATER MANAGEMENT; N MANAGEMENT; CORN YIELD; SOIL AB Better water and nitrogen (N) management requires better understanding of soil water and N balances and their effects on crop yield under various climate and soil conditions. In this study, the calibrated Root Zone Water Quality Model (RZWQM2) was used to assess crop yield and N leaching under current and alternative management practices in a double-cropped wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) system under long-term weather conditions (1970-2009) for dominant soil types at 15 locations in the North China Plain. The results provided quantitative long-term variation of deep seepage and N leaching at these locations, which strengthened the existing qualitative knowledge for site-specific management of water and N. In general, the current management practices showed high residual soil N and N leaching in the region, with the amounts varying between crops and from location to location and from year to year. Seasonal rainfall explained 39 to 84% of the variability in N leaching (1970-2009) in maize across locations, while for wheat, its relationship with N leaching was significant (P < 0.01) only at five locations. When N and/or irrigation inputs were reduced to 40 to 80% of their current levels, N leaching generally responded more to N rate than to irrigation, while the reverse was true for crop yield at most locations. Matching N input with crop requirements under limited water conditions helped achieve lower N leaching without considerable soil N accumulation. Based on the long-term simulation results and water resources availability in the region, it is recommended to irrigate at 60 to 80% of the current water levels and fertilize only at 40 to 60% of the current N rate to minimizing N leaching without compromising crop yield. C1 [Fang, Q. X.] Qingdao Agr Univ, Qingdao 266109, Peoples R China. [Ma, L.; Ahuja, L. R.] USDA ARS, Agr Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Yu, Q.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Hu, C. S.; Li, X. X.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Genet & Dev, Shijiazhuang 050021, Peoples R China. [Malone, R. W.] Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Fang, QX (reprint author), Qingdao Agr Univ, Qingdao 266109, Peoples R China. EM fqx01@163.com; Liwang.Ma@ars.usda.gov RI Yu, Qiang/D-3702-2009 OI Yu, Qiang/0000-0001-6950-1821 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [41128001, 41171086]; Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province [ZR2010CQ010]; Science and Technology Development Program of Qingdao [11-2-3-18-nsh] FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 41128001 and no. 41171086), the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (no. ZR2010CQ010), and the Science and Technology Development Program of Qingdao (no. 11-2-3-18-nsh). We are also grateful to the anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments on the manuscript. NR 57 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 46 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 42 IS 5 BP 1466 EP 1479 DI 10.2134/jeq2013.03.0086 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 213XZ UT WOS:000324095200017 PM 24216424 ER PT J AU Nelson, SD Ajwa, HA Trout, T Stromberger, M Yates, SR Sharma, S AF Nelson, Shad D. Ajwa, Husein A. Trout, Tom Stromberger, Mary Yates, Scott R. Sharma, Shankar TI Water and Methyl Isothiocyanate Distribution in Soil after Drip Fumigation SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID METAM-SODIUM; 1,3-DICHLOROPROPENE VOLATILIZATION; ALTERNATIVE FUMIGANTS; BROMIDE; IRRIGATION; BEHAVIOR; CHLOROPICRIN; TOMATO; DEGRADATION; TEMPERATURE AB Methyl isothiocyanate (MITC) generators, such as metam sodium (Met-Na), are used for soil fumigation of agricultural land. The ban on the fumigant methyl bromide has resulted in greater use of MITC generators. To understand the efficacy of MITC, it is necessary to assess its generation and disappearance kinetics when Met-Na is applied to soil. This study evaluated the movement of water and distribution and dissipation of MITC in soil after application of Met-Na through surface drip irrigation systems. The effects of varying water application volume (25, 50, and 75 mm) and rate (1.9, 5.0, and 7.5 L h(-1) m(-1)) were evaluated in a sandy loam soil. Good fumigant distribution within the sandy loam soil was observed under medium water application amount (50 mm) with slow to intermediate drip application rates (1.9-5.0 L h(-1) m(-1)). Low water application amount (25 mm) or high application rate (7.5 L h(-1) m(-1)) did not provide adequate MITC distribution throughout the soil bed width and rooting depth. Dissipation patterns of MITC in soil in all water application amounts and rates followed first-order kinetics, with a rate constant of 0.025 +/- 0.004 h(-1) and a half-life of 27 +/- 3 h. Simulated water distribution through the soil profile using HYDRUS 2D/3D fitted measured field data well, and the model accurately simulated MITC fumigant distribution in the soil. C1 [Nelson, Shad D.] Texas A&M Univ Kingsville, Dep Agron & Resource Sci, Kingsville, TX 78363 USA. [Ajwa, Husein A.; Sharma, Shankar] Univ Calif Davis, Dep Plant Sci, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. [Trout, Tom] USDA ARS, Water Management Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Stromberger, Mary] Colorado State Univ, Dep Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Yates, Scott R.] USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92501 USA. RP Ajwa, HA (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dep Plant Sci, 1636 E Alisal St, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. EM haajwa@ucdavis.edu OI Trout, Thomas/0000-0003-1896-9170 NR 44 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 29 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 42 IS 5 BP 1555 EP 1564 DI 10.2134/jeq2013.03.0072 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 213XZ UT WOS:000324095200026 PM 24216433 ER PT J AU Lamba, J Srivastava, P Way, TR Sen, S Wood, CW Yoo, KH AF Lamba, Jasmeet Srivastava, Puneet Way, Thomas R. Sen, Sumit Wood, C. Wesley Yoo, Kyung H. TI Nutrient Loss in Leachate and Surface Runoff from Surface-Broadcast and Subsurface-Banded Broiler Litter SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID ZERO-TENSION PAN; PASSIVE CAPILLARY SAMPLERS; POULTRY LITTER; COLLECTION EFFICIENCY; INORGANIC FERTILIZER; PHOSPHORUS LOSSES; WICK LYSIMETERS; WATER-QUALITY; SOIL SOLUTION; DRAINAGE AB Subsurface band application of poultry litter has been shown to reduce the transport of nutrients from fields in surface runoff compared with conventional surface broadcast application. Little research has been conducted to determine the effects of surface broadcast application and subsurface banding of litter on nutrients in leachate. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted to determine the effects of subsurface band application and surface broadcast application of poultry litter on nutrient losses in leachate. Zero-tension pan and passive capillary fiberglass wick lysimeters were installed in situ 50 cm beneath the soil surface of an established tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) pasture on a sandy loam soil. The treatments were surface broadcast and subsurface-banded poultry litter at 5 Mg ha(-1) and an unfertilized control. Results of the rainfall simulations showed that the concentrations of PO4-P and total phosphorus (TP) in leachate were reduced by 96 and 37%, respectively, in subsurface-banded litter treatment compared with the surface-applied litter treatment. There was no significant difference in PO4-P concentration between control and subsurface-banded litter treatment in leachate. The trend in the loading of nutrients in leachate was similar to the trend in concentration. Concentration and loading of the nutrients (TP, PO4-P, NH4-N, and NO3-N) in runoff from the subsurface-banded treatment were significantly less than for the surface-applied treatment and were similar to those from control plots. These results show that, compared with conventional surface broadcast application of litter, subsurface band application of litter can greatly reduce loss of P in surface runoff and leachate. C1 [Lamba, Jasmeet; Srivastava, Puneet; Yoo, Kyung H.] Auburn Univ, Dep Biosyst Engn, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Way, Thomas R.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. [Sen, Sumit] Indian Inst Technol, Dep Hydrol, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India. [Wood, C. Wesley] Auburn Univ, Dep Agron & Soils, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Lamba, J (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dep Biol Syst Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM lamba@wisc.edu RI Srivastava, Puneet/F-8390-2014; LAMBA, JASMEET/B-3878-2015 NR 52 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 22 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 42 IS 5 BP 1574 EP 1582 DI 10.2134/jeq2013.02.0064 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 213XZ UT WOS:000324095200028 PM 24216435 ER PT J AU Dungan, RS Leytem, AB AF Dungan, Robert S. Leytem, April B. TI The Characterization of Microorganisms in Dairy Wastewater Storage Ponds SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; ZOONOTIC PATHOGENS; SWINE MANURE; BACTERIAL INDICATORS; SEASONAL-VARIATION; PCR PRIMERS; CATTLE; LAGOONS; RDNA AB Dairy wastewaters from storage ponds are commonly land applied to irrigate forage crops. Given that diverse microbial populations are associated with cattle feces, the objective of this study was to use a culture-independent approach to characterize bacteria and archaea in dairy wastewaters. Using domain-specific primers, a region of the 16S rRNA gene was amplified from pooled DNA extracts from 30 dairy wastewaters and subsequently used to create a clone library. A total of 152 bacterial clones were examined and sequence matches were affiliated with the following groups: Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Synergistetes. Firmicutes was identified as the largest phylum, representing up to 69% of the clone sequences. Of 167 clones representing Archaea, seven genera were found to be closely related (91-100% sequence similarity) to isolates obtained from sediments and feces. Most of the putative sequence matches (98%) represented members from the class Methanomicrobia. With respect to the archaeal clones, only one of the putative sequence matches was affiliated with a methanogenic bacterium known to inhabit the rumen. C1 [Dungan, Robert S.; Leytem, April B.] USDA ARS, Northwest Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. RP Dungan, RS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Northwest Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, 3793 North 3600 East, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. EM robert.dungan@ars.usda.gov NR 38 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 22 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 42 IS 5 BP 1583 EP 1588 DI 10.2134/jeq2013.04.0134 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 213XZ UT WOS:000324095200029 PM 24216436 ER PT J AU van Genuchten, MT Leij, FJ Skaggs, TH Toride, N Bradford, SA Pontedeiro, EM AF van Genuchten, Martinus Th. Leij, Feike J. Skaggs, Todd H. Toride, Nobuo Bradford, Scott A. Pontedeiro, Elizabeth M. TI Exact analytical solutions for contaminant transport in rivers 2. Transient storage and decay chain solutions SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY AND HYDROMECHANICS LA English DT Article DE Contaminant transport; Analytical solutions; Surface water; Transient storage models; Solute decay chains ID FRACTURED POROUS-MEDIA; LONGITUDINAL DISPERSION; INSTANTANEOUS INJECTION; 1ST-ORDER DECAY; HYPORHEIC ZONE; RIFFLE STREAM; MASS-TRANSFER; SOLUTES; MODEL; EQUATIONS AB Contaminant transport processes in streams, rivers, and other surface water bodies can be analyzed or predicted using the advection-dispersion equation and related transport models. In part 1 of this two-part series we presented a large number of one-and multi-dimensional analytical solutions of the standard equilibrium advection-dispersion equation (ADE) with and without terms accounting for zero-order production and first-order decay. The solutions are extended in the current part 2 to advective-dispersive transport with simultaneous first-order mass exchange between the stream or river and zones with dead water (transient storage models), and to problems involving longitudinal advective-dispersive transport with simultaneous diffusion in fluvial sediments or near-stream subsurface regions comprising a hyporheic zone. Part 2 also provides solutions for one-dimensional advective-dispersive transport of contaminants subject to consecutive decay chain reactions. C1 [van Genuchten, Martinus Th.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Dept Mech Engn, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Leij, Feike J.] Calif State Univ Long Beach, Dept Civil & Construct Engn Management, Long Beach, CA 90840 USA. [Skaggs, Todd H.; Bradford, Scott A.] USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92501 USA. [Toride, Nobuo] Mie Univ, Fac Bioresources, Tsu, Mie 514, Japan. [Pontedeiro, Elizabeth M.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Dept Nucl Engn, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. RP van Genuchten, MT (reprint author), Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Dept Mech Engn, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. EM rvangenuchten@hotmail.com RI van Genuchten, Martinus/K-6892-2013 OI van Genuchten, Martinus/0000-0003-1654-8858 NR 46 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 17 PU VEDA, SLOVAK ACAD SCIENCES PI BRATISLAVA PA DUBRAVSKA CESTA 9, 842 34 BRATISLAVA, SLOVAKIA SN 0042-790X J9 J HYDROL HYDROMECH JI J. Hydrol. Hydromech. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 61 IS 3 BP 250 EP 259 DI 10.2478/johh-2013-0032 PG 10 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 214FH UT WOS:000324116300010 ER PT J AU Liu, SS Li, AY Witt, CM de Leon, AAP AF Liu, Samuel S. Li, Andrew Y. Witt, Colleen M. de Leon, Adalberto A. Perez TI Effects of reserpine on reproduction and serotonin immunoreactivity in the stable fly Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) SO JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Stable fly; Mating; Oviposition; Sperm transfer; Serotonin immunohistochemistry ID FLIES DIPTERA MUSCIDAE; LOCUSTA-MIGRATORIA; PHARMACOLOGICAL-PROPERTIES; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; BIOGENIC-AMINES; HOUSE FLY; POSSIBLE NEUROTRANSMITTER/NEUROMODULATOR; OCTOPAMINE RECEPTORS; CERATITIS-CAPITATA; FEEDING-BEHAVIOR AB Biogenic amines are known to play critical roles in key insect behaviors such as feeding and reproduction. This study documents the effects of reserpine on mating and egg-laying behaviors of the stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae), which is one of the most significant biting fly pests affecting cattle. Two sperm staining techniques were adapted successfully to reveal the morphology of stable fly sperm, for the first time, and determine successful mating in females through the assessment of sperm transfer. This approach was also applied to assess sperm transfer by males treated with different doses of reserpine. Mating or sperm transfer did not occur in flies during the first 3 days after emergence. Thereafter, the percentage of females that mated increased with age. Reserpine treatment of males reduced sperm transfer in a dose-dependent manner. Older males were more sensitive to reserpine treatment than younger flies. Reserpine treatment of 5 days old females reduced the number of eggs laid, but had no effect on egg-hatching rates. Results of immunoreactivity (IR) experiments indicated that serotonin in the neuronal processes innervating male testes was completely depleted by reserpine within 5 h after treatment. This effect was transient as the serotonin immunoreactive signal was recovered in 33.3% of the males at 1 day post-treatment and in 94.4% of the flies at 3 days post-treatment. The results of this study concur with previous findings in other insect species and extend our knowledge of the critical roles biogenic amines play in mating and oviposition behaviors of the stable fly. The work could provide a foundation to further characterize the specific roles of individual biogenic amines and their receptors in stable fly reproduction. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Liu, Samuel S.; Li, Andrew Y.; de Leon, Adalberto A. Perez] ARS, USDA, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. [Witt, Colleen M.] Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Biol, RCMI Adv Imaging Core, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. RP Li, AY (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, 2700 Fredericksburg Rd, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. EM Andrew.Li@ars.usda.gov FU USDA, ARS [6205-32000-033-00D]; National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities from the National Institutes of Health [G12MD007591]; USDA, ARS, Post-doctoral Research Associate Program FX The authors thank Drs. Pia Olafson and Alexander Tuckow and two anonymous reviewers for critical review of the manuscript, Darci Burchers for assistance with laser confocal imaging of the fly testis specimen, and Matthew Waldon for maintaining the stable fly colony. A.Y. Li and A.A. Perez de Leon were funded by USDA, ARS appropriated project 6205-32000-033-00D. C.M. Witt was supported by a grant from the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (G12MD007591) from the National Institutes of Health. S.S. Liu was supported by a USDA, ARS, Post-doctoral Research Associate Program award to A.Y. Li. NR 56 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 20 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-1910 J9 J INSECT PHYSIOL JI J. Insect Physiol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 59 IS 9 BP 974 EP 982 DI 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2012.12.008 PG 9 WC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology SC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology GA 217MG UT WOS:000324363000015 PM 23321479 ER PT J AU Kneeland, KM Skoda, SR Foster, JE AF Kneeland, K. M. Skoda, S. R. Foster, J. E. TI Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Used to Investigate Genetic Variability of the Stable Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) Across North America SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Stomoxys calcitrans; population genetics; AFLP; veterinary insect pest ID POPULATION-GENETICS; FLIES DIPTERA; RESISTANCE; DIVERSITY; FLORIDA; FIELD; AFLP AB The stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.), is a cosmopolitan pest of livestock and humans. The pestiferous nature and painful bite cause stress to cattle and other animals. The stress and resulting avoidance behaviors manifest as reductions in weight gain or milk production in cattle; estimated annual economic loss in the United States exceeds US$2 billion. Understanding the population genetics of stable flies could provide information on their population dynamics, origins of outbreaks, and geographical patterns of insecticide resistance, resulting in a tactical advantage for developing management strategies. Previous studies, mostly on a local scale, reported a high level of gene flow between locations. Here, we report results wherein amplified fragment length polymorphism was used to determine genetic diversity of stable fly samples consisting of 11-40 individuals from 12 locations representing the United States, Canada, and Panama. The Analysis of Molecular Variance showed that the majority of genetic diversity was within groups; very little was among groups. The F-ST and G(ST) values were low (<0.4), Nm values high (>1.0). The tests of neutrality suggested population expansion, and no genetic differentiation was found between locations. These results show that stable flies have a high level of gene flow on a continental scale, with limited isolation owing to distance or geographical barriers. C1 [Kneeland, K. M.; Skoda, S. R.; Foster, J. E.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Entomol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Skoda, S. R.] ARS, USDA, KBUSLIRL, Screwworm Res Unit, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. RP Kneeland, KM (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Entomol, 103 Entomol Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM herplvr@aol.com NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 12 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 50 IS 5 BP 1025 EP 1030 DI 10.1603/ME12175 PG 6 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 217QI UT WOS:000324374100011 PM 24180107 ER PT J AU Clark, GG Golden, FV Allan, SA Cooperband, MF McNelly, JR AF Clark, Gary G. Golden, Frances V. Allan, Sandra A. Cooperband, Miriam F. McNelly, James R. TI Behavioral Responses of Two Dengue Virus Vectors, Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae), to DUET and its Components SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE mosquito; Aedes aegypti; Aedes albopictus; DUET; prallethrin ID ULTRA-LOW VOLUME; ANOPHELES-QUADRIMACULATUS; MOSQUITOS DIPTERA; YELLOW-FEVER; EMERGENCY CONTROL; THERMAL FOG; PUERTO-RICO; EFFICACY; INSECTICIDE; PYRETHROIDS AB Ultralow volume droplets of DUET, prallethrin, and sumithrin at a sublethal dose were applied to unfed (nonbloodfed) and bloodfed female Aedes aegypti L. and Aedes albopictus (Skuse) in a wind tunnel. Control spray droplets only contained inert ingredients. Individual mosquitoes were videotaped before, during, and after spraying and various behaviors analyzed. During the spray periods of all three pesticide treatments, mosquitoes spent a greater percentage of time moving, and the distance moved was greater than for mosquitoes in the control treatments. In the postspray period, the percent of time moving increased for mosquitoes exposed to all pesticide treatments compared with the controls. After treatment, all females spent more time walking compared with controls, with unfed Ae. aegypti females walking more after exposure to DUET and sumithrin than after exposure to prallethrin and the control. Pesticide exposure increased flying in both species. Sumithrin exposure increased activity and velocity of unfed mosquitoes more than bloodfed mosquitoes. DUET and sumithrin treatments enhanced activity of Ae. aegypti females more than Ae. albopictus females. C1 [Clark, Gary G.; Golden, Frances V.; Allan, Sandra A.] USDA, Ctr Med Vet & Agr Entomol, ARS, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Cooperband, Miriam F.] USDA APHIS, PPQ, CPHST, Buzzards Bay, MA 02542 USA. RP Clark, GG (reprint author), USDA, Ctr Med Vet & Agr Entomol, ARS, 1600 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM gary.clark@ars.usda.gov NR 51 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 5 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 50 IS 5 BP 1059 EP 1070 DI 10.1603/ME12210 PG 12 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 217QI UT WOS:000324374100016 PM 24180111 ER PT J AU Turell, MJ Britch, SC Aldridge, RL Kline, DL Boohene, C Linthicum, KJ AF Turell, Michael J. Britch, Seth C. Aldridge, Robert L. Kline, Daniel L. Boohene, Carl Linthicum, Kenneth J. TI Potential for Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) From Florida to Transmit Rift Valley Fever Virus SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE competence; vector; transmission; North America ID HOST-FEEDING PATTERNS; CONTINENTAL UNITED-STATES; NORTH-AMERICAN MOSQUITOS; SAUDI-ARABIA; CULEX-PIPIENS; ENVIRONMENTAL-TEMPERATURE; PHLEBOTOMUS-DUBOSCQI; AEDES-TAENIORHYNCHUS; VECTOR COMPETENCE; BRUGIA-MALAYI AB We evaluated Aedes atlanticus Dyar and Knab, Aedes infirmatus Dyar and Knab, Aedes vexans (Meigen), Anopheles crucians Wiedemann, Coquillettidia perturbans (Walker), Culex nigripalpus Theobald, Mansonia dyari Belkin, Heinemann, and Page, and Psorophora ferox (Von Humboldt) from Florida to determine which of these species should be targeted for control should Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) be detected in North America. Female mosquitoes that had fed on adult hamsters inoculated with RVFV were incubated for 7D21 d at 26 degrees C, then allowed to refeed on susceptible hamsters, and tested to determine infection, dissemination, and transmission rates. We also inoculated mosquitoes intrathoracically, held them for 7 d, and then allowed them to feed on a susceptible hamster to check for a salivary gland barrier. When exposed to hamsters with viremias >= 10(7.6) plaque-forming units per milliliter of blood, at least some individuals in each of the species tested became infected; however, Cx. nigripalpus, An. crucians, and Ae. infirmatus were essentially incompetent vectors in the laboratory because of either a midgut escape or salivary gland barrier. Each of the other species should be considered as potential vectors and would need to be controlled if RVFV were introduced into an area where they were found. Additional studies need to be conducted with other geographic populations of these species and to determine how environmental factors affect transmission. C1 [Turell, Michael J.] US Army, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Britch, Seth C.; Aldridge, Robert L.; Kline, Daniel L.; Linthicum, Kenneth J.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Mosquito & Fly Res Unit, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. Polk Cty Mosquito Control, Bartow, FL 33830 USA. RP Turell, MJ (reprint author), US Army, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM michael.j.turell@us.army.mil FU U.S. Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology Directorate [HSHQDC-11-X-00326] FX We thank M. Mahler and N. Harboe (Polk County Parks & Natural Resources Division) for assistance in trapping mosquitoes; S. Padilla, D. Dohm, and S. Pisarcik (USAMRIID) for processing and testing mosquito specimens; J. Williams (USAMRIID) for caring for the hamsters; and K. Kenyon (USAMRIID) for her editorial suggestions. This work was supported by a grant HSHQDC-11-X-00326 from the U.S. Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology Directorate. NR 50 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 17 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 50 IS 5 BP 1111 EP 1117 DI 10.1603/ME13049 PG 7 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 217QI UT WOS:000324374100022 PM 24180117 ER PT J AU Tomer, MD Porter, SA James, DE Boomer, KMB Kostel, JA McLellan, E AF Tomer, Mark D. Porter, Sarah A. James, David E. Boomer, Kathleen M. B. Kostel, Jill A. McLellan, Eileen TI Combining precision conservation technologies into a flexible framework to facilitate agricultural watershed planning SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article ID YIELD GAPS; NUTRIENT; TERRAIN; REDUCTIONS; QUALITY C1 [Tomer, Mark D.; Porter, Sarah A.; James, David E.] ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, USDA, Ames, IA USA. [Boomer, Kathleen M. B.] Nature Conservancy, Washington, DC USA. [Kostel, Jill A.] Wetlands Initiat, Chicago, IL USA. [McLellan, Eileen] Environm Def Fund, Washington, DC USA. RP Tomer, MD (reprint author), ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, USDA, Ames, IA USA. NR 28 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 18 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 68 IS 5 BP 113A EP 120A DI 10.2489/jswc.68.5.113A PG 8 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 218OJ UT WOS:000324441700001 ER PT J AU Uden, DR Allen, CR Mitchell, RB Guan, QF McCoy, TD AF Uden, Daniel R. Allen, Craig R. Mitchell, Rob B. Guan, Qingfeng McCoy, Tim D. TI Scenarios of bioenergy development impacts on regional groundwater withdrawals SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; SWITCHGRASS; FEEDSTOCK; AQUIFER C1 [Uden, Daniel R.; Allen, Craig R.] Univ Nebraska, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Uden, Daniel R.; Allen, Craig R.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE USA. [Mitchell, Rob B.] Univ Nebraska, ARS, USDA, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, Lincoln, NE USA. [Mitchell, Rob B.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE USA. [Guan, Qingfeng] China Univ Geosci, Fac Informat Engn, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China. [McCoy, Tim D.] Nebraska Game & Pk Commiss, Lincoln, NE USA. RP Uden, DR (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. FU Great Plains Landscape Conservation Cooperative; US Geological Survey Climate Effects Network; US Geological Survey; Nebraska Game and Parks Commission; University of Nebraska-Lincoln; US Fish and Wildlife Service; Wildlife Management Institute FX The authors would like to thank Dr. Mark Burbach from the School of Natural Resources at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska; Dr. David Angeler from the Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden; and Nathan Rossman from the Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, for their contributions to this manuscript. The authors also would like to thank the Rainwater Basin Joint Venture, Nebraska Department of Natural Resources, and the USDA for providing GIS data and the Great Plains Landscape Conservation Cooperative and US Geological Survey Climate Effects Network for financial support. The Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly supported by a cooperative agreement between the US Geological Survey, the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission, the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, the US Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Wildlife Management Institute. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 14 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 68 IS 5 BP 124A EP 128A DI 10.2489/jswc.68.5.124A PG 5 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 218OJ UT WOS:000324441700003 ER PT J AU Williams, JD McCool, DK Reardon, CL Douglas, CL Albrecht, SL Rickman, RW AF Williams, J. D. McCool, D. K. Reardon, C. L. Douglas, C. L., Jr. Albrecht, S. L. Rickman, R. W. TI Root:shoot ratios and belowground biomass distribution for Pacific Northwest dryland crops SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE canola; incorporated residue; peas; root mass; root-shoot ratio; wheat ID WINTER-WHEAT; SOIL-EROSION; NORTHEASTERN OREGON; CROPPING SYSTEMS; ROOT; NITROGEN; RESIDUE; CARBON; SHOOT; TILL AB Roots, cereal crowns, and stems growing beneath the soil surface provide important resistance to soil erosion. Understanding the amount and distribution of this material in the soil profile could provide insight into resistance to soil erosion by water and improve the performance of soil erosion models, such as the revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) and the water erosion prediction project (WEPP). Erosion models use built-in or external crop growth models to populate crop yield and live aboveground and associated belowground biomass databases. We examined two data sets from the dryland small grain production region in the Pacific Northwest of the United States to determine root:shoot ratios, the vertical distribution of root and attached belowground biomass, and incorporated residue from previously grown crops. Data were collected in 1993, 1994, 1995, and 2000 from short-term no-till and conventional tillage experiments conducted near Pendleton, Oregon, and Pullman,Washington, and in 1999 and 2000 from long-term experiments representative of farming practices near Pendleton, Oregon. The crops sampled in the short-term data set included soft white winter and spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.;WW and SW, respectively), spring peas (Pisum sativum L.; SP), and winter canola (Brassica napus L.;WC). Crops sampled in the long-term study included WW SW, and SP. Data were collected at harvest in both data sets and during three phenologic stages in each of the crops in the short-term data set. Soil samples were collected to a depth of 60 cm (23.6 in) in the short-term and 30 cm (11.9 in) in the long-term experiments. In both sets of measurements, we found greater than 70% of root mass is in the top 10 cm (3.9 in) of the soil profile with the exception of SP, which had 70% of root mass in the top 15 cm (5.9 in) of the soil profile.WC produced significantly more biomass near the soil surface than WW SW, or SP Root-to-shoot biomass ratios, in mature wheat ranged from 0.13 to 0.17 in the top 30 cm (11.9 in) of the soil profile, substantially lower than values suggested for use in WEPP (0.25). In the long-term experiments, soil of the conventionally tilled continuous winter wheat (CWW) plots contained significantly greater biomass than soil of conventionally tilled winter wheat/fallow (CR) and no-till winter wheat/fallow (NT) treatments. There was no significant difference between CWW and conventionally tilled winter wheat/spring pea (WP); however, CWW returned more residue to the soil than WP because SP produced less residue and these residues were incorporated with a field cultivator rather than a moldboard plow. More accurate representation of root development, particularly in winter crops, could improve RUSLE and WEPP performance in the Pacific Northwest where winter conditions have proven difficult to model. C1 [Williams, J. D.; Reardon, C. L.; Douglas, C. L., Jr.; Albrecht, S. L.; Rickman, R. W.] ARS, USDA, Pendleton, OR USA. [McCool, D. K.] ARS, USDA, Pullman, WA USA. RP Williams, JD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Pendleton, OR USA. FU USDA Agricultural Research Service national program Climate Change, Soils, and Emissions (NP) [212] FX We thank Tami Johlke, biological science technician; Amy Baker, biological science technician; Roger Goller, biological science technician (retired); and Noel Roager, chemist (retired); all of the Columbia Plateau Conservation Research Center, Pendleton, Oregon. We also thank Paul Mutch, hydrologic technician (retired), of Land Management and Water Conservation Research, Pullman, Washington, and numerous seasonal employees for field and laboratory help. This research was made possible through base funding through the USDA Agricultural Research Service national program Climate Change, Soils, and Emissions (NP#212). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 40 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 6 U2 67 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 68 IS 5 BP 349 EP 360 DI 10.2489/jswc.68.5.349 PG 12 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 218OJ UT WOS:000324441700006 ER PT J AU Golay, MEG Thompson, JR Mabry, CM Kolka, RK AF Golay, M. E. Gerken Thompson, J. R. Mabry, C. M. Kolka, R. K. TI An investigation of water nutrient levels associated with forest vegetation in highly altered landscapes SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE ecosystem function; headwater; herbaceous layer; nutrient storage; water quality ID HUBBARD BROOK ECOSYSTEM; LAND-USE; HERBACEOUS LAYER; UNITED-STATES; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; PLANT-COMMUNITIES; NITROGEN; URBAN; PHOSPHORUS; STREAM AB Stream pollution by nutrient loading is a chronic problem in the Midwest, United States, and greater impacts on water quality are expected as agricultural production and urban areas expand. Remnant riparian forests are critical for maintaining ecosystem functions in this landscape context, allowing water infiltration and capture of nutrients before they are lost. from the system. Our objective was to identify linkages between riparian forest plant community composition and water quality in remnant forested headwater streams.We identified watersheds with embedded headwater streams in three land use categories: grazed, urban, and preserved. We assessed plant community composition and nutrient storage. We sampled the forest streams to monitor discharge rates and sediment, nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) loads. Herbaceous communities in preserved riparian forests had more native specialist species than urban or grazed sites. Plant N content was higher in preserved forests (17.6 kg ha(-1) [15.7 lb ac(-1)]) than grazed (12.5 kg ha(-1) [11.2 lb ac(-1)]) or urban forests (10.5 kg ha(-1) [9.4 lb ac(-1)). Conversely, stream water total N delivery was higher in urban watersheds (0.043 kg ha(-1)d(-1)[0.038 lb ac(-1)day(-1)) than preserved (0.026 kg ha(-1)d(-1) [0.023 lb ac(-1)day(-1)]) or grazed watersheds (0.02 kg ha(-1)d(-1) [0.018 lb ac(-1)day(-1)). Stream water nitrate (NO3-N) concentration and total P delivery were highest for streams in urban areas. The most pronounced differences for plant composition and stream discharge and pollutant loads were between preserved and urban forests. Seasonal patterns were variable. We detected a weak negative but seasonally important relationship between plant N content and stream water N.We did not detect a similar relationship for P, which may indicate saturation of this nutrient in the watershed system. Detailed knowledge about relationships between land use, plant community composition, and water quality outcomes could be used to target forest restoration efforts in landscapes highly impacted by humans. C1 [Golay, M. E. Gerken] Silver Lake Coll, Manitowoc, WI USA. [Thompson, J. R.; Mabry, C. M.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA USA. [Kolka, R. K.] US Forest Serv, Ctr Res Ecosyst Change, No Res Stn, Grand Rapids, MI USA. RP Golay, MEG (reprint author), Silver Lake Coll, Manitowoc, WI USA. FU US Forest Service Northern Research Station; Leopold Center for Sustainable Agriculture; McIntire-Stennis; Iowa State University (ISU) Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, Ames, Iowa FX This study was funded by the US Forest Service Northern Research Station and the Leopold Center for Sustainable Agriculture, with additional support from McIntire-Stennis funding and the Iowa State University (ISU) Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, Ames, Iowa. Departmental graduate assistants Jiayu Wu, Alister Olson, Zachary Keninger, and Emily Kapler, in addition to undergraduate assistants Joe Bolton, Justin Landhuis, Bryon Deal, Greg Martin, and Rob Mannatt helped with field and laboratory data collection. Zachary Keninger provided land cover analyses. Dennis Lock, graduate assistant with Department of Statistics at ISU, provided assistance with statistical analysis. Leanne Martin, graduate assistant with the Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology at ISU and Connie Dettman Rose of the Midwest Regional US Fish and Wildlife Service provided preliminary manuscript review. NR 56 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 44 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 68 IS 5 BP 361 EP 371 DI 10.2489/jswc.68.5.361 PG 11 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 218OJ UT WOS:000324441700007 ER PT J AU Wang, X White, M Tuppad, P Lee, T Srinivasan, R Zhai, T Andrews, D Narasimhan, B AF Wang, X. White, M. Tuppad, P. Lee, T. Srinivasan, R. Zhai, T. Andrews, D. Narasimhan, B. TI Simulating sediment loading into the major reservoirs in Trinity River Basin SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE erosion; model calibration; pond; sediment; Soil and Water Assessment Tool ID WATER ASSESSMENT-TOOL; SWAT MODEL; CONSERVATION PRACTICES; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; APEX MODEL; CALIBRATION; VALIDATION; SOIL; SYSTEMS; POINT AB The Upper Trinity River Basin supplies water to about one-fourth of Texas's population. The anticipated rapid growth of North Central Texas will certainly increase regional demands for high-quality drinking water. This has increased concerns that sediment and nutrient loads received by drinking water reservoirs are reducing and will continue to reduce reservoir volumes and water quality. The objectives of this study are to calibrate and validate the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model for streamflow and sediment to assess current rates and sources of sediment loadings to 12 major reservoirs in the Upper Trinity River Basin (in 7 eight-digit watersheds) and to use the calibrated model for assessing the effects of upland ponds. SWAT performed well for streamflow, as evidenced by r(2) values ranging from 0.55 to 0.95. Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency values ranged from 0.5 to 0.9 based on monthly streamflow comparisons between simulated and observed values for calibration, and r(2) values ranged from 0.58 to 0.95 for validation. SWAT simulated sediment loads reasonably well, as evidenced by the percentage of errors within 11%. Streamflow and sediment loading were quite diverse across the Trinity River Basin, resulting in a multitude of parameter adjustments during calibration. Long-term predictions indicate that the Richland-Chambers, Ray Hubbard, and Lavon watersheds have significant channel contribution to sediment loading reaching the reservoirs. Pond removal scenario analysis shows a 4% to 48% reduction in sediment loadings to reservoirs via pond detention of overland flow. This wide range is mainly due to the vastly different proportion of land area draining to ponds, the locations of ponds, and the basin's erosion (upland and channel) characteristics within each study watershed. The results indicate that in addition to implementing conservation practices such as ponds in upland areas, it is also necessary to have conservation practices in channels to further reduce erosion and subsequent loss to reservoirs. One limitation of this study is the lack of site-specific management information, and it is known that poor management practices at the field level can dramatically elevate sediment loads from an area. In this study, reasonable management operations were applied mainly at the county conservation district level. Opportunity exists for further data collection, including detailed data of field management and channel dimensions, which will allow the model to provide greater insight in identifying sensitive areas and reaches for stabilization and restoration. Opportunity also exists for further evaluation of the effects of optimizing pond size and placement to minimize reservoir sediment loading. C1 [Wang, X.] Texas A&M Univ Syst, Texas AgriLife Res, Blackland Res & Extens Ctr, Temple, TX USA. [White, M.] ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, USDA, Temple, TX USA. [Tuppad, P.] Sri Jayachamarajendra Coll Engn, Dept Environm Engn, Mysore, Karnataka, India. [Lee, T.] Chonnam Natl Univ, Dept Geog, Kwangju, South Korea. [Srinivasan, R.] Texas A&M Univ, Spatial Sci Lab, College Stn, TX USA. [Srinivasan, R.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, College Stn, TX USA. [Srinivasan, R.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, College Stn, TX USA. [Zhai, T.] AQUA TERRA Consultants, Decatur, GA USA. [Andrews, D.] Tarrant Reg Water Dist, Environm Div, Ft Worth, TX USA. [Narasimhan, B.] Indian Inst Technol, Dept Civil Engn, Madras 600036, Tamil Nadu, India. RP Wang, X (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ Syst, Texas AgriLife Res, Blackland Res & Extens Ctr, Temple, TX USA. RI Srinivasan, R/D-3937-2009; Narasimhan, Balaji/H-6050-2011 OI Narasimhan, Balaji/0000-0003-2609-9320 NR 44 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 37 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 68 IS 5 BP 372 EP 383 DI 10.2489/jswc.68.5.372 PG 12 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 218OJ UT WOS:000324441700008 ER PT J AU Grabber, JH Jokela, WE AF Grabber, J. H. Jokela, W. E. TI Off-season groundcover and runoff characteristics of perennial clover and annual grass companion crops for no-till corn fertilized with manure SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE corn; cover crop; living mulch; manure; surface runoff ID COVER CROP; KURA CLOVER; LIVING MULCH; RESISTANT CORN; ALFALFA-GRASS; SILAGE SYSTEM; SOIL; NITROGEN; YIELD; ESTABLISHMENT AB Various companion crops, such as spring-interseeded or fall-seeded cover crops and herbicide-suppressed living mulches, are recommended for reducing the environmental impacts of silage corn (Zea mays L.) production. In a four-year Wisconsin study, we compared off-season dry matter yield (DMY) and nitrogen (N) accumulation in groundcover produced by five companion crop systems for glyphosate-resistant no-till corn amended yearly with spring or fall surface-banded manure. In two rotational systems, corn was grown for one year with kura clover (Trifolium ambiguum Bieb.) living mulch or spring interseeded red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) followed by one year of clover production. Three continuous corn systems utilized spring interseeded ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), fall-seeded rye (Secale cereale L.), or no companion. Fall DMY and N accumulation in groundcover were greatest for rotationally grown clovers in forage production and interseeded ryegrass, whereas spring DMY and N accumulation were greatest for fall-seeded rye and kura clover going into corn production. Overall, the kura clover-corn rotation came the closest to providing significant DMY and N accumulation in groundcover throughout the off-season period. Shifting manure application from spring to fall mainly influenced rye by stimulating its growth under warm spring conditions. In a follow-up study, spring surface runoff and losses of phosphorus (P) and sediment with fall manure were least with rye followed by ryegrass. Shifting manure application to spring largely negated companion crop effects on spring runoff and substantially increased loading of dissolved reactive P. C1 [Grabber, J. H.] ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI USA. [Jokela, W. E.] ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Marshfield, WI USA. RP Grabber, JH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI USA. NR 47 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 33 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 68 IS 5 BP 411 EP 418 DI 10.2489/jswc.68.5.411 PG 8 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 218OJ UT WOS:000324441700012 ER PT J AU Aldema-Ramos, ML Muir, ZE Wheeler, TL Kalchayanand, N McAloon, A AF Aldema-Ramos, M. L. Muir, Z. E. Wheeler, T. L. Kalchayanand, N. McAloon, A. TI ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT AND PATHOGENIC BACTERIA INHIBITION OF BOVINE HIDE PRESOAKING SOLUTIONS FORMULATED WITH ENZYMES THAT CAN REMOVE ADOBE-TYPE MANURE SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article AB Bovine hide presoaking solutions formulated with crude glycerol and only a quarter of the amount of biocide (such as Proxel-GXL) and surfactant (such as Boron-TS or Busan1009) that the industry is commonly using, have recently been developed and are effective in removing adobe type manure attached to the cattle hide. The goal of this research project was to investigate potential effects of incorporating enzymes that can attack the adobe type manure and could break down adhesion to hide and enhance its removal. If an optimal amount of cellulase or xylanase used individually or in a combination of both was included, lowering the concentration of crude glycerol from 10% to 5% is feasible. From conclusive results, the combination of cellulase and xylanase worked synergistically because a lower concentration of each than when used individually also has demonstrated improvement in manure softening efficiency. The texture analysis of soaked hardened manure showed that the enzymes were quite promising in softening which can be translated to loosening and eventually the enhancement of hardened manure removal. Chlorine dioxide also was incorporated in the formulation and was associated with a reduction in manure odor. The inclusion of sodium hydroxide in the formulation had also enhanced the microbial growth inhibition of pathogenic bacteria that were tested. The cost of implementing the new formulations is similar to those traditionally used by the industry. In addition, the new soaking solutions have a more favorable impact on the environment. C1 [Aldema-Ramos, M. L.; Muir, Z. E.; McAloon, A.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Wheeler, T. L.; Kalchayanand, N.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Aldema-Ramos, ML (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E MERMAID LANE, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM mila.ramos@ars.usda.gov NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOC PI LUBBOCK PA 1314 50 ST, STE 103, LUBBOCK, TX 79412 USA SN 0002-9726 J9 J AM LEATHER CHEM AS JI J. Am. Leather Chem. Assoc. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 108 IS 9 BP 355 EP 363 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Materials Science, Textiles SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 218SJ UT WOS:000324452500002 ER PT J AU Clark, GG Fernandez-Salas, I AF Clark, Gary G. Fernandez-Salas, Ildefonso TI MOSQUITO VECTOR BIOLOGY AND CONTROL IN LATIN AMERICA-A 23RD SYMPOSIUM SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd Annual Latin American Symposium of the American-Mosquito-Control-Association (AMCA) CY FEB, 2013 CL Atlantic City, NJ SP Amer Mosquito Control Assoc DE Mosquitoes; dengue; malaria; surveillance; chemical control; insecticide resistance; Aedes; Anopheles; Culex; Lutzomyia ID ABSTRACTS AB The 23rd Annual Latin American Symposium presented by the American Mosquito Control Association (AMCA) was held as part of the 79th Annual Meeting in Atlantic City, NJ, in February 2013. The principal objective, as for the previous 22 symposia, was to promote participation in the AMCA by vector control specialists, public health workers, and academicians from Latin America. This publication includes summaries of 49 presentations that were given orally in Spanish or presented as posters by participants from Colombia, Mexico, and the USA. Topics addressed in the symposium included: surveillance, ecology, chemical and biological control, and insecticide resistance associated with Aedes aegypti; surveillance and control of Anopheles vectors of malaria; and studies of dengue and West Nile viruses, Chagas disease, and Lutzomyia. C1 [Clark, Gary G.] ARS, USDA, Mosquito & Fly Res Unit, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Fernandez-Salas, Ildefonso] Autonomous Univ Nuevo Leon, Fac Biol Sci, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. RP Clark, GG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Mosquito & Fly Res Unit, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, 1600 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI MOUNT LAUREL PA 15000 COMMERCE PARKWAY, SUITE C, MOUNT LAUREL, NJ 08054 USA SN 8756-971X EI 1943-6270 J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 29 IS 3 BP 251 EP 269 DI 10.2987/13-6356.1 PG 19 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 217SJ UT WOS:000324380600006 PM 24199500 ER PT J AU Lee, DE Bond, ML Borchert, MI Tanner, R AF Lee, Derek E. Bond, Monica L. Borchert, Mark I. Tanner, Richard TI Influence of fire and salvage logging on site occupancy of spotted owls in the San Bernardino and San Jacinto Mountains of Southern California SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE California spotted owl; fire severity; forest structure; occupancy modeling; population dynamics; Strix occidentalis ID CENTRAL SIERRA-NEVADA; BREEDING DISPERSAL; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; INSULAR POPULATION; HABITAT SELECTION; MULTIPLE STATES; BARRED OWLS; OCCIDENTALIS; FORESTS AB Fire over the past decade has affected forests in the San Bernardino Mountains of southern California, providing an excellent opportunity to examine how this disturbance, and subsequent post-fire salvage logging, influenced California spotted owl (Strix occidentalis occidentalis) breeding-season site occupancy dynamics there and in the nearby San Jacinto Mountains. Using occupancy survey data from 2003 to 2011 for all-detections and pairs-only data, we estimated annual extinction and colonization probabilities at 71 burned and 97 unburned breeding-season sites before and after fire, while controlling for confounding effects of non-fire-related temporal variation and among-site differences in habitat characteristics. We found no statistically significant effects of fire or salvage logging on occupancy dynamics of spotted owls of southern California. However, we found some evidence that fire and logging effects could be biologically meaningful. For pairs data, the model-averaged mean of fire-related effects on colonization and extinction probabilities resulted in a 0.062 lesser site-occupancy probability in burned sites 1-year post-fire relative to unburned sites. Post-fire salvage logging reduced occupancy an additional 0.046 relative to sites that only burned. We documented a threshold-type relationship between extinction and colonization probabilities and the amount of forested habitat (conifer or hardwood tree cover types) that burned at high severity within a 203-ha core area around spotted owl nests and roost centroids. Sites where approximately 0-50ha of forested habitat within the core area burned at high severity had extinction probabilities similar to unburned sites, but where more than approximately 50ha of forested habitat burned severely, extinction probability increased approximately 0.003 for every additional hectare severely burned. The majority (75%) of sites burned below this threshold. Sites where high-severity fire affected >50ha of forested habitat could still support spotted owls, so all burned sites should be monitored for occupancy before management actions such as salvage logging are undertaken that could be detrimental to the subspecies. We also recommend that managers strive to reduce human-caused ignitions along the wildland-urban interface, particularly at lower elevations where owl sites are at higher risk of extinction from fire. (c) 2013 The Wildlife Society. C1 [Lee, Derek E.; Bond, Monica L.] Wild Nat Inst, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Borchert, Mark I.] US Forest Serv, USDA, San Bernardino Natl Forest, San Bernardino, CA 92408 USA. [Tanner, Richard] Tanner Environm Serv, Ventura, CA 93001 USA. RP Lee, DE (reprint author), Wild Nat Inst, POB 165, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM derek@wildnatureinstitute.org RI Lee, Derek/E-1131-2013; OI Lee, Derek/0000-0002-1042-9543; Bond, Monica/0000-0001-8500-6564 FU Environment Now FX We are indebted to R. Eliason and S. Loe of the San Bernardino National Forest for supporting and facilitating California spotted owl surveys during the course of this study. C. Hanson provided data on salvage logging. Several anonymous reviewers provided valuable comments on this manuscript. Data analysis was funded by a grant to D. Lee and M. Bond from Environment Now. NR 66 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 53 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 77 IS 7 BP 1327 EP 1341 DI 10.1002/jwmg.581 PG 15 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 208DP UT WOS:000323657200006 ER PT J AU Ganey, JL Apprill, DL Rawlinson, TA Kyle, SC Jonnes, RS Ward, JP AF Ganey, Joseph L. Apprill, Darrell L. Rawlinson, Todd A. Kyle, Sean C. Jonnes, Ryan S. Ward, James P., Jr. TI Nesting habitat of Mexican spotted owls in the Sacramento Mountains, New Mexico SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE forest structure; Mexican spotted owl; mixed-conifer; nesting habitat; nest sites; nest structure; nest trees; New Mexico; Protected Activity Center; Sacramento Mountains ID DOUGLAS-FIR; TULAROSA MOUNTAINS; WITCHES-BROOMS; ROOST SITES; SOUTHWEST; ARIZONA AB Understanding the habitat relationships of rare species is critical to conserving populations and habitats of those species. Nesting habitat is suspected to limit distribution of the threatened Mexican spotted owl (Strix occidentalis lucida), and may vary among geographic regions. We studied selection of nesting habitat by Mexican spotted owls within their home ranges in the Sacramento Mountains, New Mexico. We compared characteristics of owl nest trees and nest sites to characteristics of randomly located trees and sites at 2 spatial scales: the general nest vicinity and within activity centers used by spotted owls. Owls nested primarily in mixed-conifer forest (92%), and most nested in cavities in trees or snags (48%), or in dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium spp.) witches' brooms (36%). Owl nest trees had greater levels of dwarf mistletoe infection and were larger in diameter than random trees at both of the evaluated spatial scales. Nest trees also were more likely than random trees to be in white fir (Abies concolor) or Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii), and in trees or snags with broken tops. Differences between owl nest sites and random sites differed with the scale at which we selected random sites, but at both scales examined, owl nest sites had greater canopy cover and more basal area contributed by large trees and white fir than random sites. In addition, most nest sites occurred in drainage bottoms or on the lower 2 thirds of north- or east-facing slopes. Conservation of owl nesting habitat in this area will require retaining forest patches with high canopy cover and large trees containing cavities or large dwarf mistletoe witches' brooms. Locating forest management treatments on ridgetops or the upper third of slopes and/or on south- or west-facing slopes may reduce impacts to owl nesting habitat while simultaneously targeting the drier forest types most in need of restoration. (c) 2013 The Wildlife Society. C1 [Ganey, Joseph L.; Apprill, Darrell L.; Rawlinson, Todd A.; Kyle, Sean C.; Jonnes, Ryan S.; Ward, James P., Jr.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ USA. RP Ganey, JL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ USA. EM jganey@fs.fed.us FU Southwestern Region; USFS; Lincoln National Forest; Rocky Mountain Research Station, USFS; (USFS, Southwestern Region) FX The authors thank the many dedicated biologists who assisted with locating Mexican spotted owl nests in the Sacramento Mountains over the years. For assistance with sampling nest sites, we thank T. Borneman, J. Cannon, C. Cobb, M. Collado, R. Crandall, C. Edge, L. Gedacht, J. Gorey, J. Goyette, S. Halsey, D. Harrington, T. Heard, M. Hillman, M. Ihnken, A. Mahoney, C. Mosby, L. Navarrete, C. Okraska, H. Oswald, M. Peterson, R. Peterson, E. Pollom, B. Rubeck, A. Salonikios, N. Unsworth, A. VandeVoort, N. von Hedeman, K. Wagner, and A. Walters. We thank personnel from the Sacramento Ranger District, USFS (especially M. Mauter, J. Montoya, R. Guaderrama, D. Salas, and J. Williams), for logistical support during the study. Major funding was provided by the Southwestern Region, USFS, with additional funding from the Lincoln National Forest and Rocky Mountain Research Station, USFS. We thank D. DeLorenzo (USFS, Southwestern Region) for his support and assistance with securing funding throughout the study. B. J. Bird advised on statistical methods, and S. Ackers, W. Block, R. Gutierrez, S. Hedwall, D. Willey, G. Zimmerman, and 3 anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments on earlier drafts of the paper. NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 26 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 77 IS 7 BP 1426 EP 1435 DI 10.1002/jwmg.599 PG 10 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 208DP UT WOS:000323657200016 ER PT J AU Conner, MM Keane, JJ Gallagher, CV Jehle, G Munton, TE Shaklee, PA Gerrard, RA AF Conner, Mary M. Keane, John J. Gallagher, Claire V. Jehle, Gretchen Munton, Thomas E. Shaklee, Paula A. Gerrard, Ross A. TI Realized population change for long-term monitoring: California spotted owl case study SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Bayesian MCMC approach; California; California spotted owl; hierarchical model monitoring; Pradel's temporal symmetry model; random effects estimator; rate of population change; realized population change; Strix occidentalis occidentalis ID CAPTURE-RECAPTURE DATA; STATISTICAL POWER; VAQUITA; LAMBDA; MARK AB The annual rate of population change ((t)) is a good metric for evaluating population performance because it summarizes survival and recruitment rates and can be used for open populations. Another measure of population performance, realized population change ((t)) is an encompassing metric of population trend over a period of time; it is the ratio of population size at an end time period relative to the initial population size. Our first goal was to compare mean and (t) as summaries of population change over time. Our second goal was to evaluate different methods for estimating these parameters; specifically we wished to compare the value of estimates from fixed effects models, random effects estimates from mixed effects models, and Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods. Our final goal was to evaluate the use of the posterior distribution of (t) as a means for estimating the probability of population decline retrospectively. To meet these goals, we used California spotted owl (Strix occidentalis occidentalis) data collected on 3 study areas from 1990 to 2011 as a case study. The estimated MCMC median s for 2 of the study areas were 0.986 and 0.993, indicating declining populations, whereas median was 1.014 for the third study area, indicating an increasing population. For 2 of the study areas, estimated MCMC median (t)s over the 18-year monitoring period were 0.78 and 0.89, suggesting 21% and 11% declines in population size, whereas the third study area was 1.22 suggesting a 22% increase. Results from (t) analyses highlight that small differences in mean from 1.0 (stationary) can result in large differences in population size over a longer time period; these temporal effects are better depicted by (t). Fixed effects, random effects, and MCMC estimates of mean and median and of (t) were similar (9% relative difference). The estimate of temporal process variance was larger for MCMC than the random effects estimates. Results from a Bayesian approach using MCMC simulations indicated that the probabilities of a 15% decline over 18 years were 0.69, 0.40, and 0.04 for the 3 study areas, whereas the probabilities the populations were stationary or increasing were 0.07, 0.22, and 0.82. For retrospective analyses of monitored populations, using Bayesian MCMC methods to generate a posterior distribution of (t) is a valuable conservation and management tool for robustly estimating probabilities of specified declines of interest. (c) 2013 The Wildlife Society. C1 [Conner, Mary M.; Keane, John J.; Gallagher, Claire V.; Jehle, Gretchen; Shaklee, Paula A.; Gerrard, Ross A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Davis, CA 95618 USA. [Munton, Thomas E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Fresno, CA 93710 USA. RP Conner, MM (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Watershed Sci, 5210 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM mary.conner@usu.edu FU USDA Forest Service Region 5; Pacific Southwest Research Station FX We thank the many field technicians who carefully collected data over the 20 years of the study. In particular, we thank those who ran field projects, were involved for the long haul (> 7 years), or helped with data analyses, including J. Blakesley, D. Shaw, G. Steger, R. Scherer, S. Sutton, K. Mazzocco, R. Kussow, M. Warner, and A. Peet, for their work in the field and out. Their efforts resulted in a high quality and long-term data set. We thank A. White, S. Bigelow, M. Bokach, K. Hubbert, and T. Biasiolli, for helpful comments on drafts of the manuscript. We acknowledge the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service Region 5 for their long-term support of spotted owl population monitoring. Funding for our analysis was provided by the USDA Forest Service Region 5 and the Pacific Southwest Research Station. NR 39 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 40 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-541X EI 1937-2817 J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 77 IS 7 BP 1449 EP 1458 DI 10.1002/jwmg.591 PG 10 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 208DP UT WOS:000323657200018 ER PT J AU Herath, HMTB Jacob, M Wilson, AD Abbas, HK Nanayakkara, NPD AF Herath, H. M. T. Bandara Jacob, Melissa Wilson, A. Dan Abbas, Hamed K. Nanayakkara, N. P. Dhammika TI New secondary metabolites from bioactive extracts of the fungus Armillaria tabescens SO NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Armillaria tabescens; emestrin; chromone; cephalosporolide; antimicrobial activity AB Ethyl acetate extracts of Armillaria tabescens (strain JNB-OZ344) showed significant fungistatic and bacteristatic activities against several major human pathogens including Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, Escherichia coli and Mycobacterium intracellulare. Chemical analysis of these extracts led to the isolation and identification of four new compounds, emestrin-F (1), emestrin-G (2), 6-O-(4-O-methyl--D-glucopyranosyl)-8-hydroxy-2,7-dimethyl-4H-benzopyran-4-one (3) and cephalosporolide-J (4), along with five other previously known compounds, emestrin (5), cephalosporolide-E (6), decarestrictine-C-2 (7), ergosterol and brassicasterol. Structural elucidation of all compounds was carried out by NMR and MS analyses. Antimicrobial assays revealed that compounds 1 and 5 were responsible for the observed growth inhibitory activities of the fungal extracts against the human pathogens tested. C1 [Herath, H. M. T. Bandara; Jacob, Melissa; Nanayakkara, N. P. Dhammika] Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA. [Herath, H. M. T. Bandara; Jacob, Melissa; Nanayakkara, N. P. Dhammika] Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Res Inst Pharmaceut Sci, University, MS 38677 USA. [Wilson, A. Dan] US Forest Serv, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, USDA, Southern Hardwood Lab, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Abbas, Hamed K.] ARS, Crop Genet & Prod Res Unit, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Nanayakkara, NPD (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA. EM dhammika@olemiss.edu RI Wilson, Alphus/Q-2137-2015 OI Wilson, Alphus/0000-0003-2352-5232 FU NIH, NIAID, Division of AIDS [AI 27094]; USDA Agricultural Research Service [58-6408-1-603] FX The authors thank Ms Marsha Wright for the biological testing. This study was supported by the NIH, NIAID, Division of AIDS, grant no. AI 27094 and the USDA Agricultural Research Service Specific Cooperative Agreement no. 58-6408-1-603. NR 22 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 23 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1478-6419 J9 NAT PROD RES JI Nat. Prod. Res. PD SEP 1 PY 2013 VL 27 IS 17 BP 1562 EP 1568 DI 10.1080/14786419.2012.738206 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Medicinal SC Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 212RK UT WOS:000324000300009 PM 23140424 ER PT J AU Polley, HW Isbell, FI Wilsey, BJ AF Polley, H. Wayne Isbell, Forest I. Wilsey, Brian J. TI Plant functional traits improve diversity-based predictions of temporal stability of grassland productivity SO OIKOS LA English DT Article ID USE EFFICIENCY; STATISTICAL INEVITABILITY; ECOSYSTEM STABILITY; SPECIES-RICHNESS; BIODIVERSITY; VARIABILITY; DYNAMICS; BIOMASS; COMMUNITIES; POPULATION AB Synthesis The temporal stability of plant production is greater in communities with high than low species richness, but stability also may depend on species abundances and growth-related traits. Annual precipitation varied by greater than a factor of three over 11 years in central Texas, USA leading to large variation in production. Stability was greatest in communities that were not dominated by few species and in which dominant species rooted shallowly, had dense leaves, or responded to the wettest year with a minimal increase in production. Stability may depend as much on species abundances and functional traits as on species richness alone. Aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) varies in response to temporal fluctuations in weather. Temporal stability of community ANPP may be increased by increasing plant species richness, but stability often varies at a given richness level implying a dependence on abundances and functional properties of member species. We measured stability in ANPP during 11 years in field plots (Texas, USA) in which we varied the richness and relative abundances of perennial grassland species at planting. We sought to identify species abundance patterns and functional traits linked to the acquisition and processing of essential resources that could be used to improve richness-based predictions of community stability. We postulated that community stability would correlate with abundance-weighted indices of traits that influence plant responses to environmental variation. Annual precipitation varied by a factor of three leading to large inter-annual variation in ANPP. Regression functions with planted and realized richness (species with > 1% of community ANPP during the final four years) explained 32% and 25% of the variance in stability, respectively. Regression models that included richness plus the fraction of community ANPP produced by the two most abundant species in combination with abundance-weighted values of either the fraction of sampled root biomass at 20-45 cm depth, leaf dry matter content (LDMC), or response to greater-than-average precipitation of plants grown in monocultures explained 58-69% (planted richness) and 58-64% (realized richness) of the variance in stability. Stability was greatest in communities that were not strongly dominated by only two species and in which plants rooted shallowly, had high values of LDMC, or responded to the wettest year with a minimal increase in ANPP. Our results indicate that the temporal stability of grassland ANPP may depend as much on species abundances and functional traits linked to plant responses to precipitation variability as on species richness alone. C1 [Polley, H. Wayne] ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, USDA, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Isbell, Forest I.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Wilsey, Brian J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Polley, HW (reprint author), ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, USDA, 808 East Blackland Rd, Temple, TX 76502 USA. EM wayne.polley@ars.usda.gov OI Wilsey, Brian J./0000-0002-0628-5006; Isbell, Forest/0000-0001-9689-769X NR 36 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 135 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0030-1299 EI 1600-0706 J9 OIKOS JI Oikos PD SEP PY 2013 VL 122 IS 9 BP 1275 EP 1282 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0706.2013.00338.x PG 8 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 204QG UT WOS:000323382400002 ER PT J AU McManamay, RA Orth, DJ Dolloff, CA AF McManamay, Ryan A. Orth, Donald J. Dolloff, Charles A. TI Macroinvertebrate Community Responses to Gravel Addition in a Southeastern Regulated River SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID BENTHIC INVERTEBRATE COMMUNITIES; STREAM HABITAT RESTORATION; CALIFORNIA RIVER; ECOSYSTEM; ASSEMBLAGES; REHABILITATION; DISTURBANCE; DIVERSITY; DYNAMICS; RECOVERY AB Sediment transport, one of the key processes of river systems, is altered or stopped by dams, leaving lower river reaches barren of sand and gravel, both of which are essential habitat for fish and macroinvertebrates. One way to compensate for losses in sediment is to supplement gravel to river reaches below impoundments. Because gravel addition has become a widespread practice, it is essential to evaluate the biotic response to restoration projects in order to improve the efficacy of future applications. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the response of the macroinvertebrate community to gravel addition in a high-gradient, regulated river in western North Carolina. We collected benthic macroinvertebrate samples from gravel-enhanced areas and unenhanced areas for 1 season before gravel addition, and for 4 seasons afterwards. Repeated measures multivariate analysis of variance indicated that the responses of macroinvertebrates to gravel addition were generally specific to individual taxa or particular functional feeding groups and did not lead to consistent patterns in overall family richness, diversity, density, or evenness. Non-metric multi-dimensional scaling showed that shifts in macroinvertebrate community composition were temporary and dependent upon site conditions and season. Correlations between macroinvertebrate response variables and substrate microhabitat variables existed with or without the inclusion of data from enhanced areas, which suggests that substrate-biotic relationships were present before gravel addition. A review of the current literature suggests that the responses of benthic macroinvertebrates to substrate restoration are inconsistent and dependent upon site conditions and the degree habitat improvement of pre-restoration site conditions. C1 [McManamay, Ryan A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Orth, Donald J.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Dolloff, Charles A.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, US Forest Serv, USDA, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP McManamay, RA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM mcmanamayra@ornl.gov FU Cheoah Fund Board; Alcoa Power; USDA Forest Service; US Fish and Wildlife Service; North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission; NC Division of Water Resources-DENR; Sigma Xi Scientific Research Society FX This work was funded by the Cheoah Fund Board, a multi-agency collaboration between Alcoa Power, USDA Forest Service, US Fish and Wildlife Service, North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission, and the NC Division of Water Resources-DENR, and other grants provided by the USDA Forest Service. Funding was also provided through the Grants-in-Aid-of-Research program through Sigma Xi Scientific Research Society. We thank Travis Patton, Toby Coyner, and Rachel McManamay for their assistance in the field and Jason Herrala for his assistance in the lab. We also thank John Smith for his assistance with statistical procedures. NR 49 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 38 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1528-7092 J9 SOUTHEAST NAT JI Southeast. Nat. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 12 IS 3 BP 599 EP 618 DI 10.1656/058.012.0313 PG 20 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 217RW UT WOS:000324378800013 ER PT J AU Faucette, B Cardoso, F Mulbry, W Millner, P AF Faucette, Britt Cardoso, Fatima Mulbry, Walter Millner, Pat TI Performance of Compost Filtration Practice for Green Infrastructure Stormwater Applications SO WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE compost filter sock; stormwater runoff; water quality; green infrastructure; pollutant filtration; low impact development ID SILT FENCE; PHOSPHORUS; RUNOFF; SEDIMENT; EROSION; LOSSES; SOCKS; ALUM AB Urban storm water runoff poses a substantial threat of pollution to receiving surface waters. Green infrastructure, low impact development, green building ordinances, National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) storm water permit compliance, and Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) implementation strategies have become national priorities; however, designers need more sustainable, low-cost solutions to meet these goals and guidelines. The objective of this study was to determine the multiple-event removal efficiency and capacity of compost filter socks (FS) and filter socks with natural sorbents (NS) to remove soluble phosphorus, ammonium-nitrogen, nitrate-nitrogen, E. coli, Enterococcus, and oil from urban storm water runoff. Treatments were exposed to simulated storm water pollutant concentrations consistent with urban runoff originating from impervious surfaces, such as parking lots and roadways. Treatments were exposed to a maximum of 25 runoff events, or when removal efficiencies were <= 25%, whichever occurred first. Experiments were conducted in triplicate. The filter socks with natural sorbents removed significantly greater soluble phosphorus than the filter socks alone, removing a total of 237 mg/linear m over eight runoff events, or an average of 34%. The filter socks with natural sorbents removed 54% of ammonium-nitrogen over 25 runoff events, or 533 mg/linear m, and only 11% of nitrate-nitrogen, or 228 mg/linear m. The filter socks and filter socks with natural sorbents both removed 99% of oil over 25 runoff events, or a total load of 38,486 mg/linear m. Over 25 runoff events the filter socks with natural sorbents removed E. coli and Enteroccocus at 85% and 65%, or a total load of 3.14 CFUs x 10(8)/linear m and 1.5 CFUs x 10(9)/linear m, respectively; both were significantly greater than treatment by filter socks alone. Based on these experiments, this technique can be used to reduce soluble pollutants from storm water over multiple runoff events. C1 [Faucette, Britt; Cardoso, Fatima] Filtrexx Int, Grafton, OH 44044 USA. [Mulbry, Walter; Millner, Pat] USDA ARS, Environm Management & Byprod Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Faucette, B (reprint author), Filtrexx Int, 35481 Grafton Eastern Rd, Grafton, OH 44044 USA. EM britt_faucette@hotmail.com NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 49 PU WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION PI ALEXANDRIA PA 601 WYTHE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1994 USA SN 1061-4303 J9 WATER ENVIRON RES JI Water Environ. Res. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 85 IS 9 BP 806 EP 814 DI 10.2175/106143013X13736496908915 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 214LY UT WOS:000324136100005 PM 24175410 ER PT J AU Boutry, C El-Kadi, SW Suryawan, A Wheatley, SM Orellana, RA Kimball, SR Nguyen, HV Davis, TA AF Boutry, Claire El-Kadi, Samer W. Suryawan, Agus Wheatley, Scott M. Orellana, Renan A. Kimball, Scot R. Nguyen, Hanh V. Davis, Teresa A. TI Leucine pulses enhance skeletal muscle protein synthesis during continuous feeding in neonatal pigs SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE amino acid; protein metabolism; translation initiation; orogastric feeding; infant ID CHAIN AMINO-ACIDS; TRANSLATION INITIATION; DIETARY LEUCINE; UBIQUITIN LIGASES; C2C12 MYOBLASTS; MESSENGER-RNA; RATS; SUPPLEMENTATION; STIMULATION; AUTOPHAGY AB Infants unable to maintain oral feeding can be nourished by orogastric tube. We have shown that orogastric continuous feeding restricts muscle protein synthesis compared with intermittent bolus feeding in neonatal pigs. To determine whether leucine infusion can be used to enhance protein synthesis during continuous feeding, neonatal piglets received the same amount of formula enterally by orogastric tube for 25.25 h continuously (CON) with or without LEU or intermittently by bolus every 4 h (BOL). For the CON + LEU group, leucine pulses were administered parenterally (800 mu mol.kg(-1).h(-1)) every 4 h. Insulin and glucose concentrations increased after the BOL meal and were unchanged in groups fed continuously. LEU infusion during CON feeding increased plasma leucine after the leucine pulse and decreased essential amino acids compared with CON feeding. Protein synthesis in longissimus dorsi (LD), gastrocnemius, and soleus muscles, but not liver or heart, were greater in CON + LEU and BOL than in the CON group. BOL feeding increased protein synthesis in the small intestine. Muscle S6K1 and 4E-BP1 phosphorylation and active eIF4E.eIF4G complex formation were higher in CON + LEU and BOL than in CON but AMPK alpha, eIF2 alpha, and eEF2 phosphorylation were unchanged. LC3-II-to-total LC3 ratio was lower in CON + LEU and BOL than in CON, but there were no differences in atrogin-1 and MuRF-1 abundance and FoxO3 phosphorylation. In conclusion, administration of leucine pulses during continuous orogastric feeding in neonates increases muscle protein synthesis by stimulating translation initiation and may reduce protein degradation via the autophagy-lysosome, but not the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. C1 [Boutry, Claire; El-Kadi, Samer W.; Suryawan, Agus; Wheatley, Scott M.; Orellana, Renan A.; Nguyen, Hanh V.; Davis, Teresa A.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Kimball, Scot R.] Penn State Univ, Coll Med, Dept Cellular & Mol Physiol, Hershey, PA USA. RP Davis, TA (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM tdavis@bcm.edu FU National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases [AR-044474]; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [HD-072891]; USDA/ARS [6250-510000-055] FX This work is a publication of the US Dept. of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service (USDA/ARS) Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine. This project has been funded in part by National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Grant AR-044474 (T. A. Davis), National Institute of Child Health and Human Development HD-072891 (T. A. Davis), and by the USDA/ARS under Cooperative Agreement no. 6250-510000-055 (T. A. Davis). The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the US Department of Agriculture, nor does the mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 79 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 18 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1849 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-ENDOC M JI Am. J. Physiol.-Endocrinol. Metab. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 305 IS 5 BP E620 EP E631 DI 10.1152/ajpendo.00135.2013 PG 12 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology GA 211WH UT WOS:000323941900006 PM 23839523 ER PT J AU Martin-Arjol, I Busquets, M Isbell, TA Manresa, A AF Martin-Arjol, Ignacio Busquets, Montse Isbell, Terry A. Manresa, Angels TI Production of 10(S)-hydroxy-8(E)-octadecenoic and 7,10(S,S)-hydroxy-8(E)-octadecenoic ethyl esters by Novozym 435 in solvent-free media SO APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Lipase; Novozym 435; trans-Hydroxy-fatty acids; Ethyl esters; Solvent-free media ID ACID-CATALYZED CONDENSATION; OLEIC-ACID; ENZYMATIC PRODUCTION; FATTY-ACIDS; OIL; BIODIESEL; ESTOLIDES; 42A2 AB Novozym 435, lipase B from Candida antarctica, was used in this study for the production of ethyl esters. For the first time, trans-hydroxy-fatty acid ethyl esters were synthesized in vitro in solvent-free media. We studied the effects of the substrate-ethanol molar ratio and enzyme synthetic stability of the biocatalyst. To determine the structure of the formed compounds, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry were used, three less time-consuming structural techniques. trans-Hydroxy-fatty acid ethyl esters were synthesized with a reaction yield of 90 % or higher with optimal reaction conditions. C1 [Busquets, Montse] Univ Barcelona, Fac Biol, Dept Bioquim & Biol Mol, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Isbell, Terry A.] ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utililizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL USA. [Martin-Arjol, Ignacio; Manresa, Angels] Univ Barcelona, Fac Farm, Dept Microbiol & Parasitol Sanitaries, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. RP Manresa, A (reprint author), Univ Barcelona, Fac Farm, Dept Microbiol & Parasitol Sanitaries, Av Joan 23 S-N, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. EM amanresa@ub.edu OI Manresa, Angeles/0000-0003-2337-9060 FU Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (CICYT), Spain [CTQ2010-21183-C02-01]; IV Pla de Recerca de Catalunya (Generalitat de Catalunya) [2009SGR819]; APIF fellowship from the University of Barcelona FX This work was supported by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (CICYT, project CTQ2010-21183-C02-01), Spain, and by the IV Pla de Recerca de Catalunya (Generalitat de Catalunya) grant 2009SGR819. I. Martin-Arjol is a grateful recipient of an APIF fellowship from the University of Barcelona. We also thank Novozymes for kindly providing the lipase sample, Dra. I. Fernandez and Dra N. Ferrer-Felis from the Centres Cientifics i Tecnologics (CCiT) of the University of Barcelona who performed the spectrometric analysis of the samples, and Karl E. Vermilion who performed the NMR experiments in the National Center for Agricultural Utililization Research, USDA, Peoria IL, USA. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0175-7598 J9 APPL MICROBIOL BIOT JI Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 97 IS 18 BP 8041 EP 8048 DI 10.1007/s00253-013-5059-7 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 209FK UT WOS:000323739800009 PM 23812280 ER PT J AU Whitehead, TR Spence, C Cotta, MA AF Whitehead, Terence R. Spence, Cheryl Cotta, Michael A. TI Inhibition of hydrogen sulfide, methane, and total gas production and sulfate-reducing bacteria in in vitro swine manure by tannins, with focus on condensed quebracho tannins SO APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Swine; Manure; Odor; Hydrogen sulfide; Methane; Tannins ID GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT; MICROBIAL DIVERSITY; MOLECULAR ANALYSIS; STORAGE PITS; 16S RDNA; WASTE; EMISSIONS; ODOR; PIG; QUANTIFICATION AB Management practices from large-scale swine production facilities have resulted in the increased collection and storage of manure for off-season fertilization use. Odor and emissions produced during storage have increased the tension among rural neighbors and among urban and rural residents. Production of these compounds from stored manure is the result of microbial activity of the anaerobic bacteria populations during storage. In the current study, the inhibitory effects of condensed quebracho tannins on in vitro swine manure for reduction of microbial activity and reduced production of gaseous emissions, including the toxic odorant hydrogen sulfide produced by sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), was examined. Swine manure was collected from a local swine facility, diluted in anaerobic buffer, and mixed with 1 % w/v fresh feces. This slurry was combined with quebracho tannins, and total gas and hydrogen sulfide production was monitored over time. Aliquots were removed periodically for isolation of DNA to measure the SRB populations using quantitative PCR. Addition of tannins reduced overall gas, hydrogen sulfide, and methane production by greater than 90 % after 7 days of treatment and continued to at least 28 days. SRB population was also significantly decreased by tannin addition. qRT-PCR of 16S rDNA bacteria genes showed that the total bacterial population was also decreased in these incubations. These results indicate that the tannins elicited a collective effect on the bacterial population and also suggest a reduction in the population of methanogenic microorganisms as demonstrated by reduced methane production in these experiments. Such a generalized effect could be extrapolated to a reduction in other odor-associated emissions during manure storage. C1 [Whitehead, Terence R.; Spence, Cheryl; Cotta, Michael A.] ARS, Bioenergy Res Unit, Natl Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Whitehead, TR (reprint author), ARS, Bioenergy Res Unit, Natl Agr Res Ctr, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM terry.whitehead@ars.usda.gov OI Cotta, Michael/0000-0003-4565-7754 NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 8 U2 53 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0175-7598 J9 APPL MICROBIOL BIOT JI Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 97 IS 18 BP 8403 EP 8409 DI 10.1007/s00253-012-4562-6 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 209FK UT WOS:000323739800042 PM 23149758 ER PT J AU Bonnot, TW Thompson, FR Millspaugh, JJ Jones-Farrand, DT AF Bonnot, Thomas W. Thompson, Frank R., III Millspaugh, Joshua J. Jones-Farrand, D. Todd TI Landscape-based population viability models demonstrate importance of strategic conservation planning for birds SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Prairie warbler; Wood thrush; Ecoregional; Habitat restoration; Survival; Afforestation ID HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; COMMUNICATION TOWERS; FOREST FRAGMENTATION; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; ECOLOGICAL TRAPS; NESTING SUCCESS; PROTECTED AREAS; UNITED-STATES; BIODIVERSITY; LAND AB Efforts to conserve regional biodiversity in the face of global climate change, habitat loss and fragmentation will depend on approaches that consider population processes at multiple scales. By combining habitat and demographic modeling, landscape-based population viability models effectively relate small-scale habitat and landscape patterns to regional population viability. We demonstrate the power of landscape-based population viability models to inform conservation planning by using these models to evaluate responses of prairie warbler (Dendroica discolor) and wood thrush (Hylocichla mustelina) populations in the Central Hardwoods Bird Conservation Region to simulated conservation scenarios. We assessed the relative effectiveness of habitat restoration, afforestation, and increased survival and differed placement and levels of effort for implementing those approaches. Population projections of the two species confirmed the potential for large-scale conservation to sustain regional populations. For example, abundances of prairie warblers and wood thrush tripled under afforestation and increased survival scenarios, respectively. Furthermore, responses to conservation actions were driven by interacting local and large-scale population processes such as source-sink interactions and dispersal. Relying on randomly placed habitat conservation was ineffective and potentially counterproductive whereas strategic placements resulted in greater populations and viability of prairie warbler and wood thrush. These models offer a valuable advance in conservation planning because they allow an understanding of the effects of local actions on regional growth, which is necessary for translating regional goals into local actions. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Bonnot, Thomas W.; Millspaugh, Joshua J.] Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Thompson, Frank R., III] Univ Missouri, No Res Stn, US Forest Serv, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Jones-Farrand, D. Todd] Univ Missouri, US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Bonnot, TW (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, 302 Nat Resources Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM bonnott@missouri.edu FU U.S.D.A. Forest Service Northern Research Station; University of Missouri; Central Hardwoods Joint Venture FX Funding was provided by the U.S.D.A. Forest Service Northern Research Station and the University of Missouri. We thank W. Dijak for analytical support and advice and J.A. Fitzgerald and the Central Hardwoods Joint Venture for support and interest. Two anonymous reviewers and the handling editor provided helpful comments on the manuscript. NR 61 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 72 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0006-3207 J9 BIOL CONSERV JI Biol. Conserv. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 165 BP 104 EP 114 DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2013.05.010 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 210YQ UT WOS:000323871700013 ER PT J AU Mori, AS Spies, TA Sudmeier-Rieux, K Andrade, A AF Mori, Akira S. Spies, Thomas A. Sudmeier-Rieux, Karen Andrade, Angela TI Reframing ecosystem management in the era of climate change: Issues and knowledge from forests SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Review DE Adaptive management; Biodiversity; Climate change adaptation; Climate change mitigation; Ecological processes; Ecosystem based approaches to mitigation and adaptation; resilience; Social-ecological system ID CHANGE ADAPTATION STRATEGIES; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; EL-NINO; GENETIC DIVERSITY; BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; PLANT-COMMUNITIES; TREE MORTALITY; TROPICAL TREE; OLD-GROWTH AB Climate change is one of the significant concerns in land and resource management, creating an urgent need to build social-ecological capacity to address widespread and uncertain environmental changes. Given the diversity and complexity of ecological responses to climate change "ecosystem management" approaches are needed to provide solutions for meeting both ecological and human needs, while reducing anthropogenic warming and climate-related impacts on society. For instance, ecosystem management can contribute to a reduction in the greenhouse gas emissions through improved land-use and reduced deforestation at a regional scale. Further, conserving and restoring naturally-functioning ecosystems, which is often one of the goals of ecosystem management can significantly contribute to buffering ecological responses to climate extremes such as droughts and wildfires. Moreover, ecosystem management helps build capacity for learning and adaptation at multiple scales. As a result, societies will be better prepared to respond to surprises and uncertainties associated with climate change. In this regard, it is imperative to reframe climate change issues based on the ecosystem approach. Although climate change and ecosystem management plans have largely developed independently, it is now essential for all stakeholders to work together to achieve multiple goals. The ecosystem-based approaches can enable flexible and effective responses to the uncertainties associated with climate change. Reframing ecosystem management helps to face an urgent need for reconsideration and improvement of social-ecological resilience in order to mitigate and adapt to the changing climate. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Mori, Akira S.] Yokohama Natl Univ, Grad Sch Environm & Informat Sci, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2408501, Japan. [Spies, Thomas A.] US Dept Agr Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Sudmeier-Rieux, Karen] Univ Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Andrade, Angela] Conservat Int Columbia, Bogota, Colombia. [Mori, Akira S.; Sudmeier-Rieux, Karen; Andrade, Angela] Commiss Ecosyst Management, Int Union Conservat Nat, Gland, Switzerland. RP Mori, AS (reprint author), Yokohama Natl Univ, Grad Sch Environm & Informat Sci, 79-7 Tokiwadai, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2408501, Japan. EM akkym@kb3.so-net.ne.jp OI Mori, Akira/0000-0002-8422-1198 FU Mitsui and Co., Ltd. Environment Fund; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) FX We thank Dr. Lian Pin Koh and anonymous reviewers for their comments on the manuscript. This study was funded by the Mitsui and Co., Ltd. Environment Fund and by the Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists from Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), given to ASM. NR 146 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 14 U2 181 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0006-3207 J9 BIOL CONSERV JI Biol. Conserv. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 165 BP 115 EP 127 DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2013.05.020 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 210YQ UT WOS:000323871700014 ER PT J AU Knoll, JE Anderson, WF Richard, EP Doran-Peterson, J Baldwin, B Hale, AL Viator, RP AF Knoll, Joseph E. Anderson, William F. Richard, Edward P., Jr. Doran-Peterson, Joy Baldwin, Brian Hale, Anna L. Viator, Ryan P. TI Harvest date effects on biomass quality and ethanol yield of new energycane (Saccharum hyb.) genotypes in the Southeast USA SO BIOMASS & BIOENERGY LA English DT Article DE Saccharification; Fermentation; Biofuel; Cellulosic ethanol; E. coli; Delayed harvest ID LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS; SUGARCANE; REGISTRATION; SACCHARIFICATION; FERMENTATION; PRETREATMENT; SWITCHGRASS; COMBUSTION; MISCANTHUS; GRASS AB Energycane (Saccharum hyb.) is a perennial bioenergy crop derived from sugarcane, but with higher fiber, greater biomass yields, and better cold tolerance than typical sugarcane. Two commercial sugarcanes, two high-sugar (Type I) energycanes, and five high-fiber (Type II) energycanes were planted at Tifton, GA, USA in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Beginning in October, 2008 (plant-cane crop year) five monthly samples were taken to assess the effects of delaying harvest on biomass composition and quality for ethanol production. The monthly harvests were repeated in the winter of 2010-2011 (second-ratoon crop year). Delaying harvest into the winter months resulted in minimal reductions in biomass moisture and N mass fractions, while K mass fraction decreased significantly. Free sugar mass fraction also decreased, thus causing the biomass to have an apparent increase in relative mass fractions of ash and neutral detergent fiber (NDF). The reduction in free sugars was more pronounced in the colder harvest season (2010-2011). The composition of biomass fiber (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) was generally stable over time. A bench-top partial saccharification and co-fermentation (PSCF) protocol employing xylose-fermenting Escherichia coli was used to assess ethanol yields from the sequentially harvested biomass. Ethanol yield from sugarcanes and Type I energycanes was more variable over time, due to degradation of free sugars. Thus, early harvest is recommended to avoid loss of fermentable sugars. Type II energycanes can be harvested later during the winter months with little change in conversion properties. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Knoll, Joseph E.; Anderson, William F.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Richard, Edward P., Jr.; Hale, Anna L.; Viator, Ryan P.] USDA ARS, Sugarcane Res Unit, Houma, LA 70360 USA. [Doran-Peterson, Joy] Univ Georgia, Dept Microbiol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Baldwin, Brian] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Knoll, JE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, POB 748, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM Joe.Knoll@ars.usda.gov; bill.anderson@ars.usda.gov; edward.richard@ars.usda.gov; joydoranpeterson@gmail.com; bbaldwin@pss.msstate.edu; Anna.Hale@ars.usda.gov; Ryan.Viator@ars.usda.gov FU Tift County Schools through the Georgia Intern Fellowships FX The authors would like to thank Nefreteri Burgess (University of Georgia) for conducting the PSCF experiments; Freddie Cheek and Tony Howell (USDA-ARS) for assistance in planting, maintaining, and harvesting the field plots; Lorine Lewis (USDA-ARS) for assistance with biomass N analysis; Melissa Tawzer (University of Georgia-Tifton Campus) for assistance with fiber evaluations; and Timothy Strickland (USDA-ARS) for critical evaluation of the manuscript. Sue Palmer (Tift County Schools) also contributed to this research through the Georgia Intern Fellowships for Teachers (GIFT) program. NR 25 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 5 U2 56 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0961-9534 J9 BIOMASS BIOENERG JI Biomass Bioenerg. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 56 BP 147 EP 156 DI 10.1016/j.biombioe.2013.04.018 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 210BR UT WOS:000323804800018 ER PT J AU Olney, DK Kariger, PK Stoltzfus, RJ Khalfan, SS Ali, NS Tielsch, JM Sazawal, S Black, R Allen, LH Pollitt, E AF Olney, Deanna K. Kariger, Patricia K. Stoltzfus, Rebecca J. Khalfan, Sabra S. Ali, Nadra S. Tielsch, James M. Sazawal, Sunil Black, Robert Allen, Lindsay H. Pollitt, Ernesto TI Developmental effects of micronutrient supplementation and malaria in Zanzibari children SO EARLY HUMAN DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE Anemia; Malaria; Stunting; Child development; Caregiver behavior; Iron supplementation; Zinc supplementation; Structural equation modeling; Africa ID PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN; PHYSICAL GROWTH; IRON SUPPLEMENTATION; ZINC SUPPLEMENTATION; MOTOR DEVELOPMENT; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; RURAL GUATEMALA; YOUNG-CHILDREN; FOLIC-ACID; INFANTS AB Background: Children's development is affected by the interplay of internal and external factors and changes in one factor can precipitate changes in multiple developmental domains. Aims: The aim of this study was to test a theoretical model of children's development using structural equation modeling. Study design: This was designed as a substudy of a randomized, placebo-controlled, 2 x 2 factorial trial of the effects of daily supplementation with iron (12.5 mg) + folic acid (50 mu g) (FeFA) with or without zinc (10 mg) (Zn) on child mortality. Subjects: Zanzibari children aged 5-9 ma (n = 106) and 10-14 mo (n = 141) at baseline were included in this sub study. Outcome measures: Longitudinal data on children's hemoglobin, growth, malaria infection, motor development motor activity, and language development and caregiver behavior were used to test the fit of the theoretical model for two age groups and to examine the direct and indirect relationships among the variables in the model. Results: The theoretical models were a good fit to the data for both age groups and revealed that FeFA with or without Zn had positive effects on motor development FeFA alone had negative effects on language development in both age groups and Zn alone had negative effects on language development in children aged 10-14 mo. The incidence of malaria had negative effects on the majority of health and development outcomes in children aged 5-9 ma, and on motor development and hemoglobin in children aged 10-14 mo. Conclusions: These findings illustrate how nutrition and health factors can affect different domains of development and how these changes can precipitate changes in other domains. More work is needed to better understand the multiple impacts of internal and external factors on children's development and how changes in developmental domains interact with each other over time to determine children's overall developmental trajectory. The randomized, placebo-controlled study was registered as an International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial, number ISRCTN59549825. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Olney, Deanna K.; Allen, Lindsay H.; Pollitt, Ernesto] Univ Calif Davis, Program Int & Community Nutr, Davis, CA USA. [Kariger, Patricia K.; Stoltzfus, Rebecca J.] Cornell Univ, Div Nutr Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Khalfan, Sabra S.; Ali, Nadra S.] Pemba Publ Hlth Lab, Ivo De Carneri, Zanzibar, Tanzania. [Tielsch, James M.; Sazawal, Sunil; Black, Robert] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Allen, Lindsay H.] ARS, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA USA. [Olney, Deanna K.] Int Food Policy Res Inst, Washington, DC 20006 USA. RP Olney, DK (reprint author), Int Food Policy Res Inst, Poverty Hlth & Nutr Div, 2033 K St NW, Washington, DC 20006 USA. EM d.olney@cgiar.org OI Olney, Deanna/0000-0002-2420-8565; Black, Robert/0000-0001-9926-7984; Tielsch, James/0000-0002-1151-060X FU Gates Foundation; USAID Office of Health and Nutrition FX This work was funded by the Gates Foundation and the USAID Office of Health and Nutrition. NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0378-3782 J9 EARLY HUM DEV JI Early Hum. Dev. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 89 IS 9 BP 667 EP 674 DI 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2013.04.013 PG 8 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA 210ZT UT WOS:000323874600010 PM 23725789 ER PT J AU Kingsley, DC Brown, TC AF Kingsley, David C. Brown, Thomas C. TI Value learning and the willingness to accept-willingness to pay disparity SO ECONOMICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Discovered preference hypothesis; Value uncertainty; Value learning; Willingness to accept-willingness to pay disparity; Paired comparison experiments ID CONTINGENT VALUATION; CHOICE CONSISTENCY; PREFERENCE; INFORMATION; EXPERIENCE; COMPLEXITY; ANOMALIES; MODEL; WTP AB The assumption that individual preferences are rational and consistent with standard economic theory is often appropriate, but may be optimistic if consumers are uncertain about either their preferences or how the market operates. Both sources of uncertainty may present themselves in lab experiments exploring the well-known disparity between individuals' willingness to accept and willingness to pay. This paper explores the role of value uncertainty in the observed disparity, and finds that providing subjects with a value learning opportunity can reduce the value disparity to insignificance. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kingsley, David C.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Econ, Lowell, MA 01824 USA. [Brown, Thomas C.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Kingsley, DC (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Econ, Lowell 1 Univ Ave, Lowell, MA 01824 USA. EM david_kingsley@uml.edu NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0165-1765 J9 ECON LETT JI Econ. Lett. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 120 IS 3 BP 473 EP 476 DI 10.1016/j.econlet.2013.05.034 PG 4 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA 212PE UT WOS:000323994500027 ER PT J AU Ilan, T Kim-Shapiro, DB Bock, CH Shapiro-Ilan, DI AF Ilan, Teva Kim-Shapiro, Daniel B. Bock, Clive H. Shapiro-Ilan, David I. TI Magnetic and electric fields induce directional responses in Steinernema carpocapsae SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Behaviour; Electricity; Entomopathogenic nematode; Host finding; Magnetism; Steinernema ID CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; NEMATODES; MOVEMENT AB Entomopathogenic nematode species respond directionally to various cues including electrical stimuli. For example, in prior research Steinernema carpocapsae was shown to be attracted to an electrical current that was applied to an agar dish. Thus, we hypothesised that these nematodes may use electromagnetic reception to assist in navigating through the soil and finding a host. In this study we discovered that S. carpocapsae also responds to electrical fields (without current) and to magnetic fields; to our knowledge this is the first report of nematode directional movement in response to a magnetic field. Our research expands on the range of known stimuli that entomopathogenic nematodes respond to. The findings may have implications for foraging behavior. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Australian Society for Parasitology Inc. C1 [Ilan, Teva; Bock, Clive H.; Shapiro-Ilan, David I.] ARS, USDA, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. [Kim-Shapiro, Daniel B.] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Phys, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. RP Shapiro-Ilan, DI (reprint author), ARS, USDA, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. EM David.Shapiro@ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0020-7519 J9 INT J PARASITOL JI Int. J. Parasit. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 43 IS 10 BP 781 EP 784 DI 10.1016/j.ijpara.2013.05.007 PG 4 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 212WG UT WOS:000324012900001 PM 23792299 ER PT J AU Hunsaker, DJ French, AN Thorp, KR AF Hunsaker, D. J. French, A. N. Thorp, K. R. TI Camelina water use and seed yield response to irrigation scheduling in an arid environment SO IRRIGATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CROP COEFFICIENTS; SATIVA; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; COTTON; OIL AB Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz is a promising, biodiesel-producing oilseed that could potentially be implemented as a low-input alternative crop for production in the arid southwestern USA. However, little is known about camelina's water use, irrigation management, and agronomic characteristics in this arid environment. Camelina experiments were conducted for 2 years (January to May in 2008 and 2010) in Maricopa, Arizona, to evaluate the effectiveness of previously developed heat unit and remote sensing basal crop coefficient (K (cb) ) methods for predicting camelina crop evapotranspiration (ET) and irrigation scheduling. Besides K (cb) methods, additional treatment factors included two different irrigation scheduling soil water depletion (SWD) levels (45 and 65 %) and two levels of seasonal N applications within a randomized complete block design with 4 blocks. Soil water content measurements taken in all treatment plots and applied in soil water balance calculations were used to evaluate the predicted ET. The heat-unit K (cb) method was updated and validated during the second experiment to predict ET to within 12-13 % of the ET calculated by the soil water balance. The remote sensing K (cb) method predicted ET within 7-10 % of the soil water balance. Seasonal ET from the soil water balance was significantly greater for the remote sensing than heat-unit K (cb) method and significantly greater for the 45 than 65 % SWD level. However, final seed yield means, which varied from 1,500 to 1,640 kg ha(-1) for treatments, were not significantly different between treatments or years. Seed oil contents averaged 45 % in both years. Seed yield was found to be linearly related to seasonal ET with maximum yield occurring at about 470-490 mm of seasonal ET. Differences in camelina seed yields due to seasonal N applications (69-144 kg N ha(-1) over the 2 years) were not significant. Further investigations are needed to characterize camelina yield response over a wider range of irrigation and N inputs. C1 [Hunsaker, D. J.; French, A. N.; Thorp, K. R.] ARS, USDA, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. RP Hunsaker, DJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. EM doug.hunsaker@ars.usda.gov RI Thorp, Kelly/C-2013-2009; French, Andrew/M-4734-2014 OI Thorp, Kelly/0000-0001-9168-875X; French, Andrew/0000-0002-4018-1817 NR 38 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0342-7188 EI 1432-1319 J9 IRRIGATION SCI JI Irrig. Sci. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 31 IS 5 BP 911 EP 929 DI 10.1007/s00271-012-0368-7 PG 19 WC Agronomy; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Water Resources GA 204BA UT WOS:000323338300003 ER PT J AU Shelton, DR Kiefer, LA Pachepsky, YA Blaustein, RA Martinez, G AF Shelton, D. R. Kiefer, L. A. Pachepsky, Y. A. Blaustein, R. A. Martinez, G. TI Coliform retention and release in biofilms formed on new and weathered irrigation pipes SO IRRIGATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID WATER DISTRIBUTION-SYSTEMS; DRINKING-WATER; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ENTERIC PATHOGENS; GROWTH; CONTAMINATION; TEMPERATURE; REGROWTH; PRESSURE; ALUMINUM AB Irrigation waters have come under increasing scrutiny as a potential source of pathogenic microorganisms contaminating fresh produce. It is generally assumed that the microbial concentrations entering and leaving irrigation pipe networks are identical. However, this may not be true if biofilms form on the inner surfaces of irrigation pipes. The retention and release of pathogens in biofilms are well documented in drinking water distribution systems, but very little data are available for irrigation systems. We examined the attachment and/or incorporation of total coliform, fecal coliform, and Escherichia coli bacteria into biofilms in new and used aluminum irrigation pipe. Water from a local creek in Maryland was used to conduct weekly irrigation events. Prior to each event, removable sections of pipe (coupons) were scraped to determine the extent of bacterial attachment; in addition, bacterial concentrations in residual water were determined. Substantial populations of coliform bacteria were found on the pipe surfaces. Old pipes had fewer attached or biofilm-incorporated coliforms and lower coliform concentrations in the residual water. High probabilities were found for average fecal coliform and total coliform concentrations being different between creek water and sprinkler water. These results have implications for monitoring and control of microbial quality of irrigation waters. C1 [Shelton, D. R.; Pachepsky, Y. A.; Blaustein, R. A.] ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Kiefer, L. A.] BlueWave Microb LLC, Columbia, MD 21044 USA. [Martinez, G.] Univ Cordoba, Dept Agron, E-14071 Cordoba, Spain. RP Pachepsky, YA (reprint author), ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 173, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Yakov.pachepsky@ars.usda.gov RI Martinez Garcia, Gonzalo/E-3069-2013; OI Martinez Garcia, Gonzalo/0000-0001-5575-9397; Pachepsky, Yakov/0000-0003-0232-6090 NR 40 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 24 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0342-7188 EI 1432-1319 J9 IRRIGATION SCI JI Irrig. Sci. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 31 IS 5 BP 971 EP 981 DI 10.1007/s00271-012-0373-x PG 11 WC Agronomy; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Water Resources GA 204BA UT WOS:000323338300007 ER PT J AU Stambouli, T Martinez-Cob, A Faci, JM Howell, T Zapata, N AF Stambouli, Talel Martinez-Cob, Antonio Maria Faci, Jose Howell, Terry Zapata, Nery TI Sprinkler evaporation losses in alfalfa during solid-set sprinkler irrigation in semiarid areas SO IRRIGATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID WATER DROPLET EVAPORATION; CENTER PIVOT SPRINKLER; PLANT CANOPY MODEL; AGRONOMICAL FACTORS; DRIFT LOSSES; WIND DRIFT; TEMPERATURE; EFFICIENCY; MAIZE; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION AB Gross sprinkler evaporation losses (SELg) can be large and decrease irrigation application efficiency. However, it is not universally established how much of the SELg contributes to decrease the crop evapotranspiration during the sprinkler irrigation and how much are the net sprinkler losses (SELn). The components of SEL were the wind drift and evaporation losses (WDEL) and the water intercepted by the crop (IL). The gross WDEL (WDELg) and evapotranspiration (ET) were measured simultaneously in two alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) plots, one being irrigated (moist, MT) and the other one not being irrigated (dry, DT). Catch can measurements, mass gains, and losses in the lysimeters and micrometeorological measurements were performed to establish net WDEL (WDELn) during the irrigation and net IL (ILn) after the irrigation as the difference between ETMT and ETDT. Also, equations to estimate ILn and net sprinkler evaporation losses (SELn) were developed. ILn was strongly related to vapor pressure deficit (VPD). SELn were 8.3 % of the total applied water. During daytime irrigations, SELn was 9.8 % of the irrigation water and slightly less than WDELg (10.9 %). During nighttime irrigations, SELn were slightly greater than WDELg (5.4 and 3.7 %, respectively). SELn was mainly a function of wind speed. C1 [Stambouli, Talel; Maria Faci, Jose] Agrifood Res & Technol Ctr Aragon CITA DGA Soil &, Zaragoza, Spain. [Martinez-Cob, Antonio; Zapata, Nery] Consejo Super Invest Cient EEAD CSIC Agua & Suelo, Estn Expt Aula Dei, Zaragoza, Spain. [Howell, Terry] ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, USDA, Soil & Water Resources Management Unit, Bushland, TX USA. RP Stambouli, T (reprint author), Agrifood Res & Technol Ctr Aragon CITA DGA Soil &, Zaragoza, Spain. EM stamboulitalel@yahoo.fr RI Martinez-Cob, Antonio/M-3038-2013; Zapata, Nery/E-8329-2012 OI Zapata, Nery/0000-0003-4632-7562 FU MCINN of the Government of Spain [AGL2007-66716-C03-01/02, AGL2010-21681-C03-01/03]; European Commission through grant QUALIWATER [INCO-CT-2005-015031]; FPI-MINECO PhD grants program FX The authors sequence in this paper follows the "first-last-author-emphasis'' norm. This research was funded by the MCINN of the Government of Spain through grants AGL2007-66716-C03-01/02, AGL2010-21681-C03-01/03; the European Commission through grant QUALIWATER (INCO-CT-2005-015031) and by the FPI-MINECO PhD grants program. The authors would like to thank the support provided by Dr. Jose Cavero (CSIC-EEAD), Dr. Daniel Isidoro (CITA-DGA), Dr. Steven Evett, and Dr. Judy Tolk (USDA-ARS) at Bushland, TX. Thanks are particularly due to the CITA/CSIC field staff and technicians: Miguel Izquierdo, Jesus Gaudo, Juan Manuel Acin, Pilar Paniagua, Ricardo Santolaria, and Eva Medina. We are also thankful for the comments by the reviewers. NR 54 TC 9 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 27 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0342-7188 EI 1432-1319 J9 IRRIGATION SCI JI Irrig. Sci. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 31 IS 5 BP 1075 EP 1089 DI 10.1007/s00271-012-0389-2 PG 15 WC Agronomy; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Water Resources GA 204BA UT WOS:000323338300015 ER PT J AU Gagne, JW Wakshlag, JJ Center, SA Rutzke, MA Glahn, RP AF Gagne, Jason W. Wakshlag, Joseph J. Center, Sharon A. Rutzke, Michael A. Glahn, Raymond P. TI Evaluation of calcium, phosphorus, and selected trace mineral status in commercially available dry foods formulated for dogs SO JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID HEPATIC IRON OVERLOAD; SKELETAL DEVELOPMENT; LABRADOR RETRIEVERS; NONALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS; COPPER CONCENTRATIONS; BEDLINGTON TERRIERS; LIVER-DISEASES; ASCORBIC-ACID; PET FOODS; ABSORPTION AB Objective-To evaluate concentrations of calcium, phosphorus, zinc, iron, copper, manganese, and selenium in several commercially available dry dog foods and compare these with current Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO) recommendations for maintenance of healthy dogs. Design-Descriptive study. Sample-45 over-the-counter dry foods formulated for maintenance of healthy dogs (ie, maintenance foods) and 5 therapeutic dry foods formulated for dogs with hepatic or renal disease. Procedures-Mineral concentrations were measured via inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry or inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy and compared with AAFCO-recommended minimum and maximum values. Results-Most (39/45) maintenance foods were in compliance with AAFCO recommendations for all mineral concentrations evaluated. Calcium concentration was > 7.1 g/1,000 kcal of metabolizable energy (ME) in 4 of 45 maintenance foods, and phosphorus concentration was > 4.6 g/1,000 kcal ME in 3 of these; 2 maintenance foods contained <34 mg of zinc/1,000 kcal ME. These values were not within AAFCO-recommended ranges. Calcium-to-phosphorus ratio in foods formulated for dogs with renal disease was above, and copper concentration in foods formulated for dogs with hepatic disease was below, recommended ranges for healthy dogs. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Calcium concentrations exceeded recommended limits in some maintenance foods labeled for all life stages, underscoring the need to feed diets appropriately formulated for specific life stages, particularly for large- and giant-breed puppies. Studies investigating the bioavailability of minerals are necessary before firm recommendations can be made. C1 [Gagne, Jason W.; Wakshlag, Joseph J.; Center, Sharon A.] Cornell Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Clin Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Rutzke, Michael A.; Glahn, Raymond P.] ARS, Ctr Agr & Hlth, USDA, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Wakshlag, JJ (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Clin Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM JW37@cornell.edu NR 70 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 27 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0003-1488 J9 JAVMA-J AM VET MED A JI JAVMA-J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD SEP 1 PY 2013 VL 243 IS 5 BP 658 EP 666 PG 9 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 210ZW UT WOS:000323874900013 PM 23971845 ER PT J AU Fabbri, D Rombola, AG Torri, C Spokas, KA AF Fabbri, Daniele Rombola, Alessandro G. Torri, Cristian Spokas, Kurt A. TI Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in biochar and biochar amended soil SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Symposium on Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis (PYROLYSIS) CY MAY 21-25, 2012 CL Johannes Kepler Univ, Linz, AUSTRIA SP Bruker, CDS Analyt, Frontier Lab, Gerstel, JKU Chem Serv, Linz Tourism, Syreta, Shimadzu, Thermo Sci HO Johannes Kepler Univ DE Biochar; Biomass; Charcoal; Polyaromatic; Pyrolysis; Soil ID MICROWAVE-ASSISTED EXTRACTION; ACTIVATED CARBON; BLACK CARBON; PYROLYSIS TEMPERATURE; CONTAMINATED SOIL; PAHS; SORPTION; SEDIMENTS; BIOACCUMULATION; AMENDMENTS AB A method for the determination of the 16 USEPA polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in biochar and biochar amended soil was developed. Samples were Soxhlet extracted with an acetone/cyclohexane (1:1) solvent mixture, and PAHs were analyzed by GC-MS after silica gel clean-up. In a comparative study based on reflux extraction, the Soxhlet solvent system acetone/cyclohexane exhibited a higher extraction efficiency of low molecular weight PAHs (e.g. naphthalene) than toluene or dichloromethane. Utilizing a reference biochar, this Soxhlet method possessed a 67-88% recovery of spiked deuterated PAHs (acenaphthene, phenenthrene, and chrysene), analytical precision (as assessed by relative standard deviations) between 5 and 18%, and a limit of detection in the 0.01-0.4 ng g(-1) range. The method was successfully validated through the analysis of a certified soil material, and was capable to quantify total PAHs following biochar addition at 1% (w/w). The concentration of the 16 USEPA-PAHs along with the 15 EU-PAHs (priority hazardous substances in food) was determined in a suite of currently available biochars for agricultural field applications, which were derived from a variety of parent materials and pyrolysis conditions. The total PAH levels ranged between 1.2-19 mu g g(-1) and 0.2-5 mu g g(-1) interval for USEPA and EU PAHs, respectively. Specifically, benzo[a]pyrene ranged between 0.01 and 0.67 mu g g(-1) across these various biochars. Considering an application of 20-60 t biochar ha(-1), the degree of PAH contamination will be dependent on both the presence of background PAHs in soil and the sorbed concentrations of PAHs on the biochar. Our data, along with PAH levels determined in other studies, suggest that biochars produced by slow pyrolysis from woody biomass possess the lowest level of sorbed PAHs (<10 mu g g(-1)). (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Fabbri, Daniele; Torri, Cristian] Univ Bologna, Ctr Interdipartimentale Ric Ind CIRI Energia Ambi, I-48123 Ravenna, Italy. [Fabbri, Daniele; Rombola, Alessandro G.] Univ Bologna, Lab Environm Sci, CIRSA, I-48123 Ravenna, Italy. [Spokas, Kurt A.] ARS, USDA, St Paul, MN USA. RP Fabbri, D (reprint author), Univ Bologna, Lab Environm Sci, CIRSA, Via S Alberto 163, I-48123 Ravenna, Italy. EM dani.fabbri@unibo.it RI Torri, Cristian/A-2769-2011; Spokas, Kurt/F-4839-2016; OI Torri, Cristian/0000-0001-5233-6786; Spokas, Kurt/0000-0002-5049-5959; ROMBOLA', Alessandro Girolamo/0000-0001-7341-7577 NR 48 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 7 U2 137 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-2370 J9 J ANAL APPL PYROL JI J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis PD SEP PY 2013 VL 103 SI SI BP 60 EP 67 DI 10.1016/j.jaap.2012.10.003 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 210RO UT WOS:000323852400010 ER PT J AU Nonneman, DJ Shackelford, SD King, DA Wheeler, TL Wiedmann, RT Snelling, WM Rohrer, GA AF Nonneman, D. J. Shackelford, S. D. King, D. A. Wheeler, T. L. Wiedmann, R. T. Snelling, W. M. Rohrer, G. A. TI Genome-wide association of meat quality traits and tenderness in swine SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE association; pork quality; single nucleotide polymorphism; swine; tenderness ID PIG SKELETAL-MUSCLE; SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; INTRAMUSCULAR FAT-CONTENT; GLYCOGEN-CONTENT; PORK TENDERNESS; SHEAR FORCE; DRIP LOSS; EXPRESSION; MARKERS; CATTLE AB Pork quality has a large impact on consumer preference and perception of eating quality. A genome-wide association was performed for pork quality traits [intramuscular fat (IMF)], slice shear force (SSF), color attributes, purge, cooking loss, and pH] from 531 to 1,237 records on barrows and gilts of a Landrace-Duroc-Yorkshire population using the Illumina PorcineSNP60 BeadChip. Associations were detected using MTDFREML for all traits. Intramuscular fat had the greatest number of SNP associations, followed by pH, purge, cooking loss, shear force, and color. Two regions contained associations for multiple traits; one on SSC1 at 255 Mb near calcineurin subunit B (PPP3R2) was associated with SSF, moisture loss, and pH, and one on SSC6 from 28 to 29.5 Mb for purge and IMF containing the candidate genes glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI) and KCTD15. Some of the other compelling candidate genes in regions associated with meat quality include CEBPA, SNAI1, and FAM132A for IMF, CAPN1 for SSF, GLUL for pH, and PRKAG3 and ITGB1 with cooking loss. C1 [Nonneman, D. J.; Shackelford, S. D.; King, D. A.; Wheeler, T. L.; Wiedmann, R. T.; Snelling, W. M.; Rohrer, G. A.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Nonneman, DJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM dan.nonneman@ars.usda.gov NR 52 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 41 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 91 IS 9 BP 4043 EP 4050 DI 10.2527/jas.2013-6255 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 207LV UT WOS:000323602200001 PM 23942702 ER PT J AU Pohler, KG Geary, TW Johnson, CL Atkins, JA Jinks, EM Busch, DC Green, JA MacNeil, MD Smith, MF AF Pohler, K. G. Geary, T. W. Johnson, C. L. Atkins, J. A. Jinks, E. M. Busch, D. C. Green, J. A. MacNeil, M. D. Smith, M. F. TI Circulating bovine pregnancy associated glycoproteins are associated with late embryonic/fetal survival but not ovulatory follicle size in suckled beef cows SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE beef cow placenta; embryo survival; pregnancy ID LACTATING DAIRY-COWS; PROTEIN-B; ARTIFICIAL-INSEMINATION; EMBRYO-TRANSFER; PROGESTERONE; CATTLE; SERUM; HEIFERS; ESTABLISHMENT; MAINTENANCE AB The objective was to examine the relationship between ovulatory follicle size and embryo and fetal survival by using circulating concentrations of bovine pregnancy associated glycoproteins (bPAG) to detect the presence of an embryo or fetus and monitor placental function. Before examining the relationship between bPAG, ovulatory follicle size, and embryo and fetal survival, the half-life of bPAG was determined in Exp. 1. The half-life of bPAG after PGF(2 alpha)-induced abortion on d 32 to 36 postinsemination was 35.8 +/- 21.9 h (mean +/- SD; range 7.1 to 78.5 h). In Exp. 2, suckled beef cows (n = 91) were treated with the CO-Synch protocol (GnRH on d - 9, PGF(2 alpha) on d -2, and GnRH and AI 48 h later [d 0]) and classified into 1 of 2 ovulatory follicle size groups: 1) small follicle (<12.5 mm; n = 25) or 2) large follicle (>= 12.5 mm; n = 66). The first increase (P < 0.0001) in serum bPAG occurred in pregnant cows on d 24 after insemination and circulating bPAG decreased before a decrease in progesterone in 3 of 4 cows that lost an embryo or fetus. Pattern of secretion of bPAG in serum from d 24 to 60 after insemination (d 0) was affected by day (P < 0.0001), but not ovulatory follicle size. In Exp. 3, suckled beef cows (n = 1164) were administered the CO-Synch protocol either with (donor cows; n = 810) or without (recipient cows; n = 354) AI on d 0. Single embryos (n = 394) or oocytes (n = 45) were recovered from the donor cows [d 7; embryo transfer (ET)] and all live embryos were transferred into recipients the same day. Cows were classified on d 0 as having a small (< 12.5 mm) or large (>= 12.5 mm) ovulatory follicle, and randomly chosen as donors or recipients to remove confounding effects of ovulatory follicle size on fertility. Serum concentration of bPAG at d 28 was not affected by ovulatory follicle size (P = 0.85), embryo stage at ET (P = 0.75), embryo quality at ET (P = 0.64), estradiol at GnRH2 (P = 0.62) or serum progesterone at ET (d7; P = 0.14). Compared with cows that maintained pregnancy (n = 176), cows that exhibited late embryonic or fetal mortality (n = 19) after d 28 had decreased (P < 0.05) concentrations of bPAG on d 28. In summary, there was no relationship between serum bPAG and ovulatory follicle size or embryo stage or quality at ET; however, cows that lost an embryo after d 28 had reduced concentrations of bPAG on d 28 compared with cows that maintained pregnancy. C1 [Pohler, K. G.; Johnson, C. L.; Atkins, J. A.; Jinks, E. M.; Busch, D. C.; Green, J. A.; Smith, M. F.] Univ Missouri, Div Anim Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Geary, T. W.; MacNeil, M. D.] USDA ARS, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. RP Smith, MF (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Div Anim Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM smithmf@missouri.edu FU National Research Initiative Competitive from the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service [2006-35203-17284] FX This project was supported by National Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2006-35203-17284 from the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service. Mention of a proprietary product does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by USDA, Montana AES, or the authors and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that may also be suitable. USDA, ARS, Northern Plains Area, is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. All agency services are available without discrimination. NR 44 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 91 IS 9 BP 4158 EP 4167 DI 10.2527/jas.2013-6348 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 207LV UT WOS:000323602200013 PM 23825331 ER PT J AU Eborn, DR Cushman, RA Echternkamp, SE AF Eborn, D. R. Cushman, R. A. Echternkamp, S. E. TI Effect of postweaning diet on ovarian development and fertility in replacement beef heifers SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE body weight gain; fertility; ovarian development; replacement beef heifers ID NUTRITIONALLY INDUCED ANOVULATION; ANTRAL FOLLICLE COUNT; OVULATORY FOLLICLE; ENDOCRINE FUNCTION; ESTROUS-CYCLE; CATTLE; PERFORMANCE; PROGESTERONE; PUBERTY; PREGNANCY AB Programs for developing replacement heifers are designed for heifers to calve at 2 yr of age and to extend their stayability in the herd and minimize feed cost. The experimental objective was to determine whether developing prepubertal heifers on less dietary energy and to a BW of 55% rather than 65% of mature BW at 14 mo of age would compromise ovarian development and reduce fertility. In a 3-yr study, 8-mo-old Angus (n = 60/yr) and composite MARC II (n = 60/yr) heifers were assigned equally by age, BW, and breed to receive either a low (LG) or high (HG) BW gain diet fed to achieve an ADG of either 0.45 or 0.8 kg/d from 8 to 15 mo of age, including the first 21 d of breeding, and then transferred to pasture. At 14 mo, heifers were housed with fertile bulls for 47 d. Estrus was monitored for 21 d. within 12 h after detection of estrus, ovarian length and height, preovulatory follicle diam., and antral follicle count (AFC) were measured by transrectal ultrasonography. corpus luteum (CL) volume and plasma progesterone concentration were measured 5 to 15 d after estrus. Data were analyzed by ANOVA with treatment, breed, and year and their 2-way interactions as independent variables. At breeding, HG heifers were heavier than LG heifers (419.9 vs. 361.8 +/- 7.5 kg; P < 0.01); ADG for the treatment period was 0.79 vs. 0.47 +/- 0.04 kg/d (P < 0.01), respectively. In 2010 and 2011, 97.2% of heifers were cyclic by 21 d of breeding. Size of the ovary, preovulatory follicle, CL, and AFC did not differ between HG and LG, but preovulatory follicle diam. and ovarian length were greater (P <= 0.05) for MARC II vs. Angus heifers. Progesterone concentrations were less for LG vs. HG heifers (P <= 0.02), whereas CL volume was not affected by treatment or breed but was correlated positively with preovulatory follicle size (P < 0.01). Total AFC ranged from 5 to 49 and was correlated positively with ovarian volume but was not associated with fertility. A greater proportion of HG vs. LG heifers conceived within the first 21 d of the breeding period (64.4% vs. 49.2% +/- 3.8%, respectively; P < 0.01), but overall pregnancy rate was not affected by treatment (83.0% vs. 77.7% +/- 3.1%, respectively; P > 0.10). Pregnancy rate was 10% less (P < 0.01) for Angus vs. MARC II heifers. Developing beef heifers at a lesser ADG to a lighter BW (55% vs. 64% of mature BW) at breeding did not influence postweaning ovarian development or AFC or compromise pregnancy rate during the 47-d breeding period. C1 [Eborn, D. R.; Cushman, R. A.; Echternkamp, S. E.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Echternkamp, SE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM sherrill.echternkamp@ars.usda.gov NR 38 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 91 IS 9 BP 4168 EP 4179 DI 10.2527/jas.2012-5877 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 207LV UT WOS:000323602200014 PM 23881678 ER PT J AU Kim, DH McLeod, KR Klotz, JL Koontz, AF Foote, AP Harmon, DL AF Kim, D. H. McLeod, K. R. Klotz, J. L. Koontz, A. F. Foote, A. P. Harmon, D. L. TI Evaluation of a rapid determination of fasting heat production and respiratory quotient in Holstein steers using the washed rumen technique SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE energy metabolism; fasting heat production; respiratory quotient; ruminant ID VOLATILE FATTY-ACIDS; LACTATING DAIRY-COWS; ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; BLOOD-FLOW; BEEF STEERS; SPLANCHNIC METABOLISM; AD-LIBITUM; WHOLE-BODY; SHEEP; WATER AB The objective of this study was to validate use of the washed rumen (WR) technique for rapid measurement of fasting heat production (HP) and respiratory quotient (RQ). Sixteen Holstein steers were divided into 2 groups of 8 for a comparison of measurements made during feeding (both groups; 16 steers) and fasting (8 steers; BW = 237 +/- 17 kg) and using the WR model (8 steers; BW = 322 +/- 30 kg). Steers were maintained in a controlled temperature (21 degrees C) environment and treated as follows: 10 d diet adaptation, 1 d measurement of respiratory gases at 1.5 x NEm (Fed state; all steers d 11), 1 d measurement of respiratory gases under fasting conditions (Fasted; 8 steers d 12) or using the WR technique (8 steers d 12), and 7 d to monitor the reestablishment of intake. Steers were offered alfalfa cubes top-dressed with a mineral premix at 1.5 x NEm. Using an indwelling probe, core temperature (CT) and heart rate (HR) were monitored continuously during the days respiratory gases were measured. For fasting measurements using the WR technique, the reticulorumen was washed and refilled with ruminal buffer (NaCl = 96, NaHCO3 = 24, KHCO3 = 30, K2HPO4 = 2, CaCl2 = 1.5, and MgCl2 = 1.5 mmol/kg of buffer) with Cr-EDTA aerated with 75% N-2 and 25% CO2 before introduction to the rumen. Mean hourly CT, RQ, and daily HP between Fasted steers and WR steers were decreased for the WR steers on average from 8 to 24 h after removal of rumen contents (P=0.049, P<0.001, and P=0.076, respectively). Fitting RQ data obtained during fasting to a 1-phase decay equation showed that plateau was achieved at 0.756 +/- 0.003 and 0.719 +/- 0.003 and time to plateau was 9 and 8 h for Fasted and WR steers, respectively. Mean RQ after WR were 0.778, 0.732, and 0.726 (SEM=0.003) for time segments 0 to 8 h, 9 to 16 h, and 17 to 24 h, respectively. Mean fasting HP after WR was 18.8, 16.8, and 16.5 (SEM=0.51) kJ/(h.kg(0.75)) for time segments 0 to 8 h, 9 to 16 h, and 17 to 24 h, respectively. There were no significant differences in RQ and fasting HP (P=0.23 and P=0.81, respectively) between the time segment of 9 to 16 h and 17 to 24 h after rumen washing. In contrast, both RQ and HP differed (P=0.090 and P=0.081, respectively) across these same time segments for the Fasted group. Therefore, an accurate measurement of fasting HP can be obtained using a shorter-term measurement with the WR technique. This approach provides an alternative to the traditional 48 h fasting time or measurements made during the third and fourth day after starvation. C1 [Kim, D. H.; McLeod, K. R.; Koontz, A. F.; Foote, A. P.; Harmon, D. L.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Klotz, J. L.] ARS, USDA, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. RP Harmon, DL (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. EM dharmon@uky.edu FU Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station Publication [12-07-059] FX Support for this research was provided by the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station Publication No. 12-07-059. NR 37 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 18 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 91 IS 9 BP 4267 EP 4276 DI 10.2527/jas.2012-5595 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 207LV UT WOS:000323602200024 PM 23825338 ER PT J AU Hales, KE Kraich, KJ Bondurant, RG Meyer, BE Luebbe, MK Brown, MS Cole, NA MacDonald, JC AF Hales, K. E. Kraich, K. J. Bondurant, R. G. Meyer, B. E. Luebbe, M. K. Brown, M. S. Cole, N. A. MacDonald, J. C. TI Effects of glycerin on receiving performance and health status of beef steers and nutrient digestibility and rumen fermentation characteristics of growing steers SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE glycerin; receiving cattle; ruminal fermentation; volatile fatty acid ID IN-VITRO FERMENTATION; CRUDE GLYCERIN; DAIRY-COWS; INCREASING CONCENTRATIONS; CELLULOLYTIC ACTIVITY; METHANE PRODUCTION; CONCENTRATE DIETS; CARCASS TRAITS; FEEDING VALUE; DIGESTION AB One experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of glycerin (GLY) on animal performance and health when used as a partial replacement for roughage in receiving diets. The second experiment was conducted using ruminally and duodenally cannulated steers in a 4 x 4 Latin square to determine the site of nutrient digestion and ruminal fermentation characteristics when GLY replaced roughage at 0%, 2.5%, 5%, and 10% of diet DM. In Exp. 1, steers (initial BW = 245 +/- 2.3 kg) were fed treatment diets over a 42-d period that consisted of a control diet based on steam-flaked corn with GLY inclusion in replacement of dietary roughage at 0%, 5%, and 10% of diet DM. A linear reduction in DMI was observed as GLY increased (P = 0.01). Glycerin incorporation tended to improve G: F in a linear manner (P = 0.07); efficiency was improved 5.4% and 4.7% at 5% and 10% GLY. The number of animals receiving treatment for bovine respiratory disease did not differ among treatments. Furthermore, there were no differences among treatments for mortality or the frequency of steers that were seropositive for serum antibody titers to infectious bovine rhinotracheitis on d 28. In Exp. 2, apparent OM and apparent and true starch digestibility increased linearly (P<0.05) as GLY concentration increased, whereas true OM digestibility responded in a quadratic (P<0.01) manner. Bacterial OM and bacterial starch flow responded quadratically (P=0.02), and flow increased from 0% to 5% GLY inclusion and decreased thereafter. Feed OM flow responded quadratically (P=0.05), where it decreased from 0% to 2.5% GLY and increased from 2.5% to 10% GLY inclusion. Feed starch (P=0.02) and total starch (P=0.02) flow from the duodenum decreased linearly as the concentration of GLY increased in the diet. Bacterial N flow to the duodenum responded quadratically (P<0.01); it increased with increasing GLY in the diet up to 5% and then decreased from 5% to 10%. The acetate to propionate (A:P) ratio in the ruminal fluid decreased (P<0.05) as the concentration of GLY in the diet increased, which could have implications on improved G:F. The decrease in the A:P ratio as GLY increased in the diet, coupled with the linear decrease in DMI and improvement in G:F with GLY addition up to 5% of DM in place of roughage, implies that GLY is a viable dietary ingredient in growing and receiving diets. C1 [Hales, K. E.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Kraich, K. J.; Bondurant, R. G.; Brown, M. S.; MacDonald, J. C.] West Texas A&M Univ, Dept Agr Sci, Canyon, TX 79016 USA. [Meyer, B. E.; Luebbe, M. K.; MacDonald, J. C.] Texas AgriLife Res, Amarillo, TX 79106 USA. [Cole, N. A.] USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. RP Hales, KE (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM kristin.hales@ars.usda.gov FU South Central Sun Grant FX This project was funded, in part, by a grant from the South Central Sun Grant. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 40 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 91 IS 9 BP 4277 EP 4289 DI 10.2527/jas.2013-6341 PG 13 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 207LV UT WOS:000323602200025 PM 23893984 ER PT J AU Waldrip, HM Todd, RW Cole, NA AF Waldrip, H. M. Todd, R. W. Cole, N. A. TI Prediction of nitrogen excretion by beef cattle: A meta-analysis SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE beef cattle; crude protein; modeling; nitrogen excretion; nitrogen intake; prediction ID DIETARY CRUDE PROTEIN; PROTECTED METHIONINE SUPPLEMENTATION; LACTATING DAIRY-COWS; SOUTHERN HIGH-PLAINS; AMMONIA EMISSIONS; NUTRIENT EXCRETION; MANURE NITROGEN; BODY-WEIGHT; STEERS; METABOLISM AB Reliable estimates of N excretion in the urine and feces of beef cattle are essential for developing cost-effective and environmentally sound nutrient management plans. A meta-analysis dataset was compiled that included data for starting live BW, DMI, N intake, dietary CP and RDP concentrations, urine N excretion, and feces N excretion. The data were taken from 12 individual feeding trials that included N balance data, and represented a total of 47 different dietary treatments and 255 animals. Correlation analysis was used to determine the animal and dietary parameters that were most closely related to N excretion in urine and feces by beef cattle. A multivariate mixed modeling approach was used to develop empirical equations to predict excretion of urine N, feces N, and the partitioning of total N excretion between urine and feces, as a function of N intake and the concentration of dietary CP. Univariate, regression, and mean difference comparisons indicated 46 to 95% agreement between observed and predicted values for the developed equations. Evaluation of the equations with an independent dataset taken from 6 studies, and 2 random subsets of the meta-analysis dataset showed moderate agreement (P < 0.05, r(2) = 0.34 to 0.86) for urine N excretion as a function of both N intake and %CP, and the partitioning of total N excretion into urine as a function of %CP. There was less agreement between predictions and observations for feces N excretion as a function of %CP (r(2) = 0.003 to 0.14) than N intake (r(2) = 0.52 to 0.75), indicating that %CP is not a good predictor of fecal N excretion. The empirical equations provide a simple tool that, if used with caution, could predict N excretion characteristics for a wide range of dietary and animal characteristics and could improve ammonia emissions estimates by process-based models. C1 [Waldrip, H. M.; Todd, R. W.; Cole, N. A.] USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. RP Waldrip, HM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, PO Drawer 10, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. EM heidi.waldrip@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-NIFA [TS2006-06009] FX This project was partially supported by USDA-NIFA funding to Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Amarillo, Texas, for the federal special grant project TS2006-06009, "Air Quality: Reducing Emissions from Cattle Feedlots and Dairies (TX and KS)." NR 42 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 5 U2 49 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 91 IS 9 BP 4290 EP 4302 DI 10.2527/jas.2012-5818 PG 13 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 207LV UT WOS:000323602200026 PM 23825341 ER PT J AU Sharman, ED Lancaster, PA McMurphy, CP Garmyn, AJ Pye, BJ Mafi, GG Goad, CL Phillips, WA Starkey, JD Krehbiel, CR Horn, GW AF Sharman, E. D. Lancaster, P. A. McMurphy, C. P. Garmyn, A. J. Pye, B. J. Mafi, G. G. Goad, C. L. Phillips, W. A. Starkey, J. D. Krehbiel, C. R. Horn, G. W. TI Effect of rate of body weight gain in steers during the stocker phase. I. Growth, partitioning of fat among depots, and carcass characteristics of growing-finishing beef cattle SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE dormant native range; energy supplementation; growing beef cattle; marbling deposition; rate of gain; winter wheat pasture ID WINTER-WHEAT PASTURE; FEEDLOT PERFORMANCE; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; CALVES; ENERGY; NUTRITION; PROGRAMS; PRAIRIE; SYSTEM; MODEL AB Two experiments were conducted to examine the effect of growth rate to similar age or BW on fat deposition in stocker cattle grazing dormant native range (DNR) or winter wheat pasture (WP). In each experiment, fall-weaned Angus steers were randomly allotted to 1 of 4 stocker production programs: 1) control, 1.02 kg/d of a 40% CP cottonseed meal-based supplement during grazing of DNR (CON); 2) corn/soybean meal-based supplement fed at 1% of BW during grazing of DNR (CORN); 3) grazing WP at a high stocking rate to achieve a low rate of BW gain (LGWP); and 4) grazing WP at a low stocking rate to achieve a high rate of BW gain (HGWP). In Exp. 1, a subset of steers (3 steers per treatment) was harvested after winter grazing (138 d) at similar age. The remaining WP steers were transitioned into the finishing phase, whereas DNR steers were allowed to graze the same native range pastures for another 115 d without supplementation before entering the feedyard. In Exp. 2, steers grazed their respective pastures until each treatment reached an estimated HCW of 200 kg (262, 180, 142, and 74 d, respectively, for the CON, CORN, LGWP, and HGWP treatments), at which time a subset of steers (4 steers per treatment) were selected for intermediate harvest before finishing. In both experiments, the remaining steers were fed a finishing diet to a common 12th-rib fat thickness of 1.27 cm. In Exp. 1, winter grazing ADG was 0.19, 0.52, 0.68, and 1.37 +/- 0.03 kg/d; and in Exp. 2, winter/summer grazing ADG was 0.46, 0.61, 0.83, and 1.29 +/- 0.02 kg/d, respectively for CON, CORN, LGWP, and HGWP treatments. At intermediate harvest in Exp. 1, HGWP steers had greater (P < 0.01) 12th-rib fat thickness and marbling scores, compared with the other treatments. However, in Exp. 2, LGWP steers had greater (P < 0.01) marbling scores compared with HGWP steers, which were greater than DNR steers. At final harvest in Exp. 1, LGWP steers had greater (P < 0.01) 12th-rib fat thickness and smaller LM area, compared with the other treatments; however, there were no differences (P = 0.99) in final marbling scores. In Exp. 2, CON steers had lower (P < 0.05) 12th-rib fat thickness and tended (P = 0.10) to have greater marbling scores, compared with the other treatments. These data suggest that changes in the partitioning of fat among depots during the stocker phase may not be reflected after finishing when steers are fed to a common 12th-rib fat thickness. C1 [Sharman, E. D.; Lancaster, P. A.; McMurphy, C. P.; Garmyn, A. J.; Pye, B. J.; Mafi, G. G.; Krehbiel, C. R.; Horn, G. W.] Oklahoma Agr Exptl Stn, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Goad, C. L.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Stat, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Phillips, W. A.] USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. [Starkey, J. D.] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. RP Horn, GW (reprint author), Oklahoma Agr Exptl Stn, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM gerald.horn@okstate.edu FU USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2009-34198-19830, 2010-34198-20812] FX The authors thank the Beef Checkoff and Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Special Grants no. 2009-34198-19830 and 2010-34198-20812 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture for providing funding for this project. NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 91 IS 9 BP 4322 EP 4335 DI 10.2527/jas.2012-5440 PG 14 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 207LV UT WOS:000323602200029 PM 23851994 ER PT J AU Downey, ED Tait, RG Mayes, MS Park, CA Ridpath, JF Garrick, DJ Reecy, JM AF Downey, E. D. Tait, R. G., Jr. Mayes, M. S. Park, C. A. Ridpath, J. F. Garrick, D. J. Reecy, J. M. TI An evaluation of circulating bovine viral diarrhea virus type 2 maternal antibody level and response to vaccination in Angus calves SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE antibody response; bovine; vaccination; weaning ID BEEF-CALVES; TITERS; CATTLE; RHINOTRACHEITIS; PERFORMANCE; PROTECTION; VACCINES; DISEASE; STRESS AB Vaccination against viruses has been shown to help prevent bovine respiratory disease in cattle. However, both passively acquired maternal antibody concentration and calf age have been shown to impact the ability of the immune system of a calf to respond to vaccination. The objectives of this study were to identify and evaluate environmental and management factors that affect 1) passively acquired bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) type 2 antibody level, 2) decay rate of passively acquired BVDV type 2 antibody level, and 3) responses to BVDV type 2 vaccinations. A 2-shot modified live vaccine was administered to 1,004 Angus calves that were weaned at either the initial vaccination (n = 508) or the booster vaccination (n = 496). Calves weaned at the initial vaccination averaged 139 d whereas calves weaned at booster vaccination averaged 128 d of age. Bovine viral diarrhea virus type 2 antibodies were measured in 3 approximately 21-d intervals, serially collected serum samples to quantify antibody levels at initiation and end of vaccination protocol in addition to responses to initial, booster, and overall vaccination protocol. Amount of passively transferred antibody in the calf increased as dam age increased from 2 to 6 yr (P < 0.05) with no differences after dams reached 6 yr (P > 0.05). Calf age nested within birth year-season and dam age affected both initial and final antibody level, initial response, booster response, and overall antibody response to vaccination. The level of circulating, passively acquired maternal antibodies present at the time of vaccination had a significant (P < 0.05) negative effect on antibody responses to vaccination (initial response, booster response, and overall response). Calves that were weaned at the time of initial vaccination had significantly (P < 0.05) greater final antibody level, initial response, and overall response to vaccination than animals weaned at booster vaccination. In order for a calf to mount an overall antibody response to vaccination, maternal antibodies in circulation need to be less than 3.12 titers. However, the age at which a calf reached this antibody threshold was dependent on dam age. This information will help cattle managers and consultants design vaccination protocols to successfully mount an antibody response to vaccination. C1 [Downey, E. D.; Tait, R. G., Jr.; Mayes, M. S.; Park, C. A.; Garrick, D. J.; Reecy, J. M.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Ridpath, J. F.] ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Garrick, D. J.] Massey Univ, Inst Vet Anim & Biomed Sci, Palmerston North, New Zealand. RP Reecy, JM (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM jreecy@iastate.edu OI Garrick, Dorian/0000-0001-8640-5372; Tait, Jr., Richard/0000-0002-2379-7740 FU Beef Checkoff; Center for Integrated Animal Genomics at Iowa State University FX This project was funded in part by The Beef Checkoff and the Center for Integrated Animal Genomics at Iowa State University. NR 19 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 91 IS 9 BP 4440 EP 4450 DI 10.2527/jas2012-5890 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 207LV UT WOS:000323602200041 PM 23881675 ER PT J AU Cushman, RA Kill, LK Funston, RN Mousel, EM Perry, GA AF Cushman, R. A. Kill, L. K. Funston, R. N. Mousel, E. M. Perry, G. A. TI Heifer calving date positively influences calf weaning weights through six parturitions SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE fertility; heifer; reproductive longevity ID BEEF-COWS; POSTPARTUM INTERVAL; CATTLE; PERFORMANCE; FERTILITY; LENGTH AB Longevity and lifetime productivity are important factors influencing profitability for the cow-calf producer. Heifers that conceive earlier in the breeding season will calve earlier in the calving season and have a longer interval to rebreeding. Calves born earlier in the calving season will also be older and heavier at weaning. Longevity data were collected on 2,195 heifers from producers in South Dakota Integrated Resource Management groups. Longevity and weaning weight data were collected on 16,549 individual heifers at the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center (USMARC). Data were limited to heifers that conceived during their first breeding season. Heifers were grouped into 21-d calving periods. Heifers were determined to have left the herd when they were diagnosed not pregnant at the end of the breeding season. Heifers that left the herd for reasons other than reproductive failure were censored from the data. Heifers that calved with their first calf during the first 21-d period of the calving season had increased (P < 0.01) longevity compared with heifers that calved in the second 21-d period, or later. Average longevity for South Dakota heifers that calved in the first or later period was 5.1 +/- 0.1 and 3.9 +/- 0.1 yr, respectively. Average longevity for USMARC heifers that calved in the first, second, or third period was 8.2 +/- 0.3, 7.6 +/- 0.5, and 7.2 +/- 0.1 yr, respectively. Calving period as a heifer influenced (P < 0.01) unadjusted weaning BW of the first 6 calves. Estimated postpartum interval to conception as a 2-yr-old cow was greater for females that calved in the first period as heifers but did not differ between heifer calving periods in subsequent calving seasons. In summary, heifers that calved early in the calving season with their first calf had increased longevity and kilograms weaned, compared with heifers that calved later in the calving season. C1 [Cushman, R. A.] ARS, USDA, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Kill, L. K.; Perry, G. A.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Funston, R. N.] Univ Nebraska, West Cent Res & Extens Ctr, North Platte, NE 69101 USA. [Mousel, E. M.] NW Missouri State Univ, Dept Agr Sci, Maryville, MO 64468 USA. RP Cushman, RA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, POB 166, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM Bob.Cushman@ars.usda.gov FU ARS Current Research Information System [5438-31000-093-00D] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Gordon Hays and the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center cattle crew for care and handling of the cows and collection of data; Lillian Larsen and Darrell Light for management of the database; and Linda Parnell for assistance with manuscript preparation. This research was funded by ARS Current Research Information System number 5438-31000-093-00D, titled "Strategies to Improve Heifer Selection and Heifer Development" (RAC). NR 14 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 26 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 91 IS 9 BP 4486 EP 4491 DI 10.2527/jas2013-6465 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 207LV UT WOS:000323602200046 PM 23825337 ER PT J AU Klotz, JL Aiken, GE Johnson, JM Brown, KR Bush, LP Strickland, JR AF Klotz, J. L. Aiken, G. E. Johnson, J. M. Brown, K. R. Bush, L. P. Strickland, J. R. TI Antagonism of lateral saphenous vein serotonin receptors from steers grazing endophyte-free, wild-type, or novel endophyte-infected tall fescue SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE alkaloids; cattle; receptors; serotonin; tall fescue ID 5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE; ERGOVALINE; 5-HT2A AB Pharmacologic profiling of serotonin (5HT) receptors of bovine lateral saphenous vein has shown that cattle grazing endophyte-infected (Neotyphodium coenophialum) tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum) have altered responses to ergovaline, 5HT, 5HT(2A), and 5HT(7) agonists. To determine if 5HT receptor activity of tall fescue alkaloids is affected by grazing endophyte-free (EF), wild-type [Kentucky-31 (KY31)], novel endophyte AR542-infected (MAXQ), or novel endophyte AR584-infected (AR584) tall fescue, contractile responses of lateral saphenous veins biopsied from cattle grazing these different fescue-endophyte combinations were evaluated in presence or absence of antagonists for 5HT(2A) (ketanserin) or 5HT(7) (SB-269970) receptors. Biopsies were conducted over 2 yr on 35 mixed-breed steers (361.5 +/- 6.3 kg) grazing EF (n = 12), KY31 (n = 12), MAXQ (n = 6), or AR584 (n = 5) pasture treatments (3 ha) between 84 and 98 d (Yr 1) or 108 to 124 d (Yr 2). Segments (2 to 3 cm) of vein were surgically biopsied, sliced into 2- to 3-mm cross-sections, and suspended in a myograph chamber containing 5 mL of oxygenated Krebs-Henseleit buffer (95% O-2/5% CO2; pH = 7.4; 37 degrees C). Veins were exposed to increasing concentrations of 5HT, ergovaline, and ergovaline + 1 x 10(-5) M ketanserin or + 1 x 10(-6) M SB-269970 in Yr 1. In Yr 2, ergotamine and ergocornine were evaluated in presence or absence of 1 x 10(-5) M ketanserin. Contractile response data were normalized to a reference addition of 1 x 10(-4) M norepinephrine. In Yr 1, contractile response to 5HT and ergovaline were least (P < 0.05) in KY31 pastures and the presence of ketanserin greatly reduced (P < 0.05) the response to ergovaline in all pastures. However, presence of SB-269970 did not (P = 0.91) alter contractile response to ergovaline. In Yr 2, there was no difference in contractile response to ergotamine (P = 0.13) or ergocornine (P = 0.99) across pasture treatments, but ketanserin reduced (P < 0.05) the contractile response to both alkaloids. The 5HT(2A) receptor is involved in alkaloid-induced vascular contraction and alkaloid binding may be affected by exposure to different endophyte-fescue combinations. C1 [Klotz, J. L.; Aiken, G. E.; Brown, K. R.; Strickland, J. R.] ARS, USDA, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Johnson, J. M.; Bush, L. P.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. RP Klotz, JL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. EM james.klotz@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 91 IS 9 BP 4492 EP 4500 DI 10.2527/jas2012-5896 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 207LV UT WOS:000323602200047 PM 23825335 ER PT J AU Davis, TZ Stegelmeier, BL Welch, KD Pfister, JA Panter, KE Hall, JO AF Davis, T. Z. Stegelmeier, B. L. Welch, K. D. Pfister, J. A. Panter, K. E. Hall, J. O. TI Comparative oral dose toxicokinetics of selenium compounds commonly found in selenium accumulator plants SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE methylselenocysteine; selenate; selenium-accumulator plants; selenium kinetics; sheep ID BRUSH-BORDER MEMBRANE; RED-BLOOD-CELLS; SODIUM SELENITE; ASTRAGALUS-BISULCATUS; TOXICOSIS; SHEEP; SELENOMETHIONINE; LAMBS; ABSORPTION; TOXICITY AB Consumption of Se accumulator plants by livestock can result in Se intoxication. Recent research indicates that the Se forms most common in Se accumulator plants are selenate and Se-methylselenocysteine (MeSeCys). In this study the absorption, distribution, and elimination kinetics of Se in serum and whole blood of lambs dosed with a single oral dose of (1, 2, 3, or 4 mg Se/kg BW) of sodium selenate or MeSeCys were determined. The Se concentrations in serum and whole blood for both chemical forms of Se followed simple dose-dependent relationships. Se-methylselenocysteine was absorbed more quickly and to a greater extent in whole blood than sodium selenate, as observed by a greater peak Se concentration (C-max; P < 0.0001), and faster time to peak concentration (T-max; P < 0.0001) and rate of absorption (P < 0.0001). The rate of absorption and Tmax were also faster (P < 0.0001) in serum of lambs dosed with MeSeCys compared with those dosed sodium selenate at equimolar doses; however, C-max in serum was greater (P < 0.0001) in lambs dosed with sodium selenate compared with those dosed MeSeCys at equimolar doses. The MeSeCys was absorbed 4 to 5 times faster into serum and 9 to 14 times faster into whole blood at equimolar Se doses. There were dose-dependent increases in the area under the curve (AUC) for Se in serum and whole blood of lambs dosed with both sodium selenate and MeSeCys. In whole blood the MeSeCys was approximately twice as bioavailable as sodium selenate at equimolar doses as observed by the AUC, whereas in serum there were no differences (P > 0.05) in AUC at the same doses. At 168 h postdosing the Se concentration in whole blood remained much greater (P < 0.0001) in lambs dosed with MeSeCys as compared with lambs dosed with sodium selenate; however, the serum Se concentrations were not different between treatments at the same time point. The results presented in this study demonstrate that there are differences between the kinetics of different selenocompounds when orally dosed to sheep. Therefore, in cases of acute selenosis, it is important to understand the chemical form to which an intoxicated animal was exposed when determining the importance and meaning of Se concentration in serum or whole blood obtained at various times postexposure. C1 [Davis, T. Z.; Stegelmeier, B. L.; Welch, K. D.; Pfister, J. A.; Panter, K. E.] ARS, USDA, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. [Hall, J. O.] Utah Vet Diagnost Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. RP Davis, TZ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. EM zane.davis@ars.usda.gov NR 32 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 91 IS 9 BP 4501 EP 4509 DI 10.2527/jas2012-6101 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 207LV UT WOS:000323602200048 PM 23825349 ER PT J AU Das, A Babiuk, S McIntosh, MT AF Das, Amaresh Babiuk, Shawn McIntosh, Michael T. TI Development of a Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assay for Rapid Detection of Capripoxviruses (vol 50, pg 1613, 2012) SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Correction C1 [Das, Amaresh] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Foreign Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, Natl Vet Serv Labs, USDA,Plum Island Anim Dis Ctr, New York, NY USA. Canadian Food Inspect Agcy, Natl Ctr Foreign Anim Dis, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. RP Das, A (reprint author), Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Foreign Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, Natl Vet Serv Labs, USDA,Plum Island Anim Dis Ctr, New York, NY USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 51 IS 9 BP 3164 EP 3164 DI 10.1128/JCM.01795-13 PG 1 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 202KL UT WOS:000323214200069 ER PT J AU Evans, JD Brown, SJ Hackett, KJ Robinson, G Richards, S Lawson, D Elsik, C Coddington, J Edwards, O Emrich, S Gabaldon, T Goldsmith, M Hanes, G Misof, B Munoz-Torres, M Niehuis, O Papanicolaou, A Pfrender, M Poelchau, M Purcell-Miramontes, M Robertson, HM Ryder, O Tagu, D Torres, T Zdobnov, E Zhang, GJ Zhou, X AF Evans, Jay D. Brown, Susan J. Hackett, Kevin J. Robinson, Gene Richards, Stephen Lawson, Daniel Elsik, Christine Coddington, Jonathan Edwards, Owain Emrich, Scott Gabaldon, Toni Goldsmith, Marian Hanes, Glenn Misof, Bernard Munoz-Torres, Monica Niehuis, Oliver Papanicolaou, Alexie Pfrender, Michael Poelchau, Monica Purcell-Miramontes, Mary Robertson, Hugh M. Ryder, Oliver Tagu, Denis Torres, Tatiana Zdobnov, Evgeny Zhang, Guojie Zhou, Xin CA i5K Consortium TI The i5K Initiative:Advancing Arthropod Genomics for Knowledge, Human Health,Agriculture, and the Environment i5K CONSORTIUM SO JOURNAL OF HEREDITY LA English DT Article DE comparative genomics; disease vector; agriculture; insect evolution; genome sequencing ID SEQUENCE AB Insects and their arthropod relatives including mites, spiders, and crustaceans play major roles in the world's terrestrial, aquatic, and marine ecosystems. Arthropods compete with humans for food and transmit devastating diseases. They also comprise the most diverse and successful branch of metazoan evolution, with millions of extant species. Here, we describe an international effort to guide arthropod genomic efforts, from species prioritization to methodology and informatics. The 5000 arthropod genomes initiative (i5K) community met formally in 2012 to discuss a roadmap for sequencing and analyzing 5000 high-priority arthropods and is continuing this effort via pilot projects, the development of standard operating procedures, and training of students and career scientists, With university, governmental, and industry support, the i5K Consortium aspires to deliver sequences and analytical tools for each of the arthropod branches and each of the species having beneficial and negative effects on humankind. C1 [Evans, Jay D.; Hackett, Kevin J.; Hanes, Glenn] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD USA. [Brown, Susan J.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Robinson, Gene; Robertson, Hugh M.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Richards, Stephen] Baylor Coll Med, Human Genome Sequencing Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Lawson, Daniel] European Bioinformat Inst Hinxton, Hinxton, England. [Elsik, Christine] Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO USA. [Coddington, Jonathan] Smithsonian Inst NMNH, Washington, DC USA. [Edwards, Owain] CSIRO, Ctr Environm & Life Sci, Floreat, Australia. [Emrich, Scott; Pfrender, Michael] Univ Notre Dame, South Bend, IN USA. [Gabaldon, Toni] Ctr Genom Regulat, Barcelona, Spain. [Goldsmith, Marian] Univ Rhode Isl, Providence, RI 02908 USA. [Misof, Bernard; Niehuis, Oliver] Ctr Mol Biodivers Res, ZFMK, Bonn, Germany. [Munoz-Torres, Monica] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Genom Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Papanicolaou, Alexie] CSIRO Ecosyst Sci, Black Mt, Australia. [Poelchau, Monica] Georgetown Univ, Dept Biol, Washington, DC 20057 USA. [Purcell-Miramontes, Mary] Natl Inst Food & Agr, USDA, Washington, DC USA. [Ryder, Oliver] San Diego Zoo, Inst Conservat Res, San Diego, CA USA. [Tagu, Denis] INRA UMR 1349 IGEPP, Rennes, France. [Torres, Tatiana] Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Zdobnov, Evgeny] Univ Geneva, Sch Med, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Zhang, Guojie; Zhou, Xin] BGI Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Peoples R China. RP Evans, JD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jay.evans@ars.usda.gov; kevin.hackett@ars.usda.gov; generobi@illinois.edu; stephenr@hgsc.bcm.edu; lawson@ebi.ac.uk; elsikc@missouri.edu; coddington@si.edu; owain.edwards@csixo.au; semrich@nd.edu; toni.gabaldon@crg.es; mki101@uri.edu; Glenn.Hanes@ars.usda.gov; b.misof.zfmk@uni-bonn.de; mcmunozt@lbl.gov; o.niehuis.zfmk@uni-bonn.de; alexie.papanicolaou@csito.au; pfrender.1@nd.edu; mpoel-chau@gmail.com; mpurcell@nifa.usda.gov; hughrobe@life.uiuc.edu; oryder@sandiegozoo.org; denis.tagu@rennes.inra.fr; tttorres@ib.usp.br; evgeny.zdobnov@unige.ch; zhanggj@genomics.org.cn; xinzhou@genomics.org.cn RI Torres, Tatiana/B-6431-2012; UMR IGEPP, INRA/A-4054-2011; Evans, Jay/C-8408-2012; Zhang, Guojie/B-6188-2014; Edwards, Owain/B-9707-2008; Papanicolaou, Alexie/A-1618-2011; Gabaldon, Toni/A-7336-2008; Zhou, Xin/D-4025-2009; Zdobnov, Evgeny/K-1133-2012; Elsik, Christine/C-4120-2017 OI Torres, Tatiana/0000-0002-4286-3504; Evans, Jay/0000-0002-0036-4651; Zhang, Guojie/0000-0001-6860-1521; Papanicolaou, Alexie/0000-0002-3635-6848; Gabaldon, Toni/0000-0003-0019-1735; Zhou, Xin/0000-0002-1407-7952; Elsik, Christine/0000-0002-4248-7713 FU American Genetic Association; Arthropod Genomics Center (Kansas State University); US Department of Agriculture (National Institute for Food and Agriculture and Agricultural Research Service) FX American Genetic Association; the Arthropod Genomics Center (Kansas State University); and the US Department of Agriculture (National Institute for Food and Agriculture and Agricultural Research Service). NR 4 TC 61 Z9 63 U1 4 U2 35 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1503 EI 1465-7333 J9 J HERED JI J. Hered. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 104 IS 5 BP 595 EP 600 DI 10.1093/jhered/est050 PG 6 WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 203LJ UT WOS:000323294400001 ER PT J AU Larson, SR Kellogg, EA Jensen, KB AF Larson, Steven R. Kellogg, Elizabeth A. Jensen, Kevin B. TI Genes and QTLs Controlling Inflorescence and Stem Branch Architecture in Leymus (Poaceae: Triticeae) Wildrye SO JOURNAL OF HEREDITY LA English DT Article DE breeding; grasses; molecular markers; seed production; taxonomic characters ID GROWTH HABIT; LINKAGE MAPS; MERISTEM IDENTITY; BASIN WILDRYE; HOMEOBOX GENE; MAIZE; RICE; BARLEY; ENCODES; WHEAT AB Grass inflorescence and stem branches show recognizable architectural differences among species. The inflorescence branches of Triticeae cereals and grasses, including wheat, barley, and 400-500 wild species, are usually contracted into a spike formation, with the number of flowering branches (spikelets) per node conserved within species and genera. Perennial Triticeae grasses of genus Leymus are unusual in that the number of spikelets per node varies, inflorescences may have panicle branches, and vegetative stems may form subterranean rhizomes. Leymus cinereus and L. triticoides show discrete differences in inflorescence length, branching architecture, node number, and density; number of spikelets per node and florets per spikelet; culm length and width; and perimeter of rhizomatous spreading. Quantitative trait loci controlling these traits were detected in 2 pseudo-backcross populations derived from the interspecific hybrids using a linkage map with 360 expressed gene sequence markers from Leymus tiller and rhizome branch meristems. Alignments of genes, mutations, and quantitative trait loci controlling similar traits in other grass species were identified using the Brachypodium genome reference sequence. Evidence suggests that loci controlling inflorescence and stem branch architecture in Leymus are conserved among the grasses, are governed by natural selection, and can serve as possible gene targets for improving seed, forage, and grain production. C1 [Larson, Steven R.; Jensen, Kevin B.] Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Kellogg, Elizabeth A.] Univ Missouri, Dept Biol, St Louis, MO 63121 USA. RP Larson, SR (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM Steve.Larson@ars.usda.gov RI Kellogg, Elizabeth/M-2845-2013 OI Kellogg, Elizabeth/0000-0003-1671-7447 FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service [5428-21000-012-00] FX United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service project number 5428-21000-012-00. NR 53 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 22 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1503 J9 J HERED JI J. Hered. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 104 IS 5 BP 678 EP 691 DI 10.1093/jhered/est033 PG 14 WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 203LJ UT WOS:000323294400009 PM 23766524 ER PT J AU Cheng, QZ Tong, ZH Dempere, L Ingram, L Wang, LT Zhu, JY AF Cheng, Qingzheng Tong, Zhaohui Dempere, Luisa Ingram, Lonnie Wang, Letian Zhu, J. Y. TI Disk Refining and Ultrasonication Treated Sugarcane Bagasse Residues for Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Bio-composites SO JOURNAL OF POLYMERS AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Fermentation residue; Bio-composites; Disk refining/grinding; Mechanical and thermal properties; Ultrasonication ID HIGH-INTENSITY ULTRASONICATION; CELLULOSE FIBERS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; POLYVINYL-ALCOHOL; FIBRILS; HEMICELLULOSE; NANOFIBERS; FILMS AB Disk refining and ultrasonication treated sugarcane bagasse residues reclaimed from the waste stream of a simplified bioethanol process after fermentation were used to fabricate biobased composites with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) by film casting. The morphologies and the size distributions of residue particles were characterized by scanning electronic microscopy and various particle size analyzers. The results showed that the residue particle sizes were about hundreds nanometers to tens microns after disk refining treatment. After further treatment by ultrasonication, the particle sizes ranged from about tens of nanometers to several microns. The treated residues were expected to have a large surface area to reinforce PVA. The results indicated that the addition of treated fermentation residues significantly increased the tensile modulus of neat PVA with minimal impact on tensile strength. Furthermore, the PVA composites had higher thermal degradation temperature compared to neat PVA. C1 [Cheng, Qingzheng; Tong, Zhaohui; Wang, Letian] Univ Florida, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Dempere, Luisa] Univ Florida, Major Analyt Instrumentat Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32606 USA. [Ingram, Lonnie] Univ Florida, Dept Microbiol & Cell Sci, Gainesville, FL 32606 USA. [Zhu, J. Y.] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Cheng, QZ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, POB 110570, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM chenggq@hotmail.com; ztong@ufl.edu FU Biomass Research & Development Initiative Competitive Grant from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture and Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS) Start-up funding at the University of Florida [2011-10006-30358] FX This project was supported by Biomass Research & Development Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2011-10006-30358 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture and Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS) Start-up funding at the University of Florida. The authors also thank the experimental help from Dr. Wade Yang about ultrasonication process at the Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Dr. Eric McLamore about Multisizer analysis at the Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, and SEM measurements at the Major Analytical Instrumentation Center, University of Florida. We also would like to acknowledge Qianqian Wang, a visiting Ph.D. student at US Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, from South China University of Technology, for carrying out disk refining of the bagasse residue. NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 18 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1566-2543 J9 J POLYM ENVIRON JI J. Polym. Environ. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 21 IS 3 BP 648 EP 657 DI 10.1007/s10924-012-0562-y PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA 208FU UT WOS:000323663800005 ER PT J AU Brown, P Gipson, C AF Brown, Patricia Gipson, Chester TI A word from OLAW and USDA SO LAB ANIMAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Brown, Patricia] NIH, HHS, OD, OLAW,OER, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Gipson, Chester] USDA, APHIS, AC, Washington, DC USA. RP Brown, P (reprint author), NIH, HHS, OD, OLAW,OER, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0093-7355 J9 LAB ANIMAL JI Lab Anim. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 42 IS 9 BP 318 EP 318 PG 1 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 211AO UT WOS:000323876700015 PM 23965560 ER PT J AU Petervary, N AF Petervary, Nicolette TI Best practices for IACUCs in the evaluation of multiple major operative procedures SO LAB ANIMAL LA English DT Article AB Evaluation of multiple major operative procedures can be a daunting task for IACUCs. Committee members need to know what a major operative procedure is, when multiple major operative procedures are permitted under the Animal Welfare Act, when permission from the Administrator of the US Department of Agriculture's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service is required for multiple major operative procedures, and what information must be included when requesting such permission. The author discusses the intent and requirements for multiple major operative procedures under the Animal Welfare Act and describes best practices that IACUCs may use in evaluating multiple major operative procedures both within and across protocols. C1 USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Raleigh, NC USA. RP Petervary, N (reprint author), USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Raleigh, NC USA. EM nicolette.petervary@aphis.usda.gov NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0093-7355 J9 LAB ANIMAL JI Lab Anim. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 42 IS 9 BP 330 EP 333 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 211AO UT WOS:000323876700019 PM 23965566 ER PT J AU Hong, JS Ryu, KH Kwon, SJ Kim, JW Kim, KS Park, KC AF Hong, Jin-Sung Ryu, Ki-Hyun Kwon, Soon-Jae Kim, Jin-Won Kim, Kwang-Soo Park, Kyong-Cheul TI Phylogenetics and Gene Structure Dynamics of Polygalacturonase Genes in Aspergillus and Neurospora crassa SO PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Aspergillus; gene structure; intron loss/gain; intron phase; Neuorospora; polygalacturonase ID INTRON PHASE; SPLICEOSOMAL INTRONS; GENOME DUPLICATION; FILAMENTOUS FUNGI; EVOLUTION; SEQUENCE; FAMILY; ARABIDOPSIS; ORYZAE; DIVERGENCE AB Polygalacturonase (P() gene is a typical gene family present in eukaryotes. Forty-nine PGs were mined from the genomes of Neurospora crassa and five Aspergillus species. The PGs were classified into 3 clades such as clade 1 for rhamno-PGs, clade 2 for exo-PGs and clade 3 for exo- and endo-PGs, which were further grouped into 13 sub-clades based on the polypeptide sequence similarity. In gene structure analysis, a total of 124 introns were present in 44 genes and five genes lacked introns to give an average of 2.5 introns per gene. Intron phase distribution was 64.5% for phase 0, 21.8% for phase 1, and 13.7% for phase 2, respectively. The introns varied in their sequences and their lengths ranged from 20 bp to 424 bp with an average of 65.9 bp, which is approximately half the size of introns in other fungal genes. There were 29 homologous intron blocks and 26 of those were sub-clade specific. Intron losses were counted in 18 introns in which no obvious phase preference for intron loss was observed. Eighteen introns were placed at novel positions, which is considerably higher than those of plant PGs. In an evolutionary sense both intron loss and gain must have taken place for shaping the current PGs in these fungi. Together with the small intron size, low conservation of homologous intron blocks and higher number of novel introns, PGs of fungal species seem to have recently undergone highly dynamic evolution. C1 [Hong, Jin-Sung; Ryu, Ki-Hyun] Seoul Womens Univ, Dept Hort Biotechnol & Landscape Architecture, Seoul 139774, South Korea. [Hong, Jin-Sung] Kangwon Natl Univ, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Dept Appl Biol, Chunchon 200701, South Korea. [Kwon, Soon-Jae] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Western Reg Plant Intro Stn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Kim, Jin-Won] Univ Seoul, Dept Environm Hort, Seoul 130743, South Korea. [Kim, Kwang-Soo] Rural Dev Adm, Natl Inst Crop Sci, Bioenergy Crop Res Ctr, Muan 534833, South Korea. [Park, Kyong-Cheul] Kangwon Natl Univ, Inst Biosci & Biotechnol, Chunchon 200701, South Korea. RP Hong, JS (reprint author), Seoul Womens Univ, Dept Hort Biotechnol & Landscape Architecture, Seoul 139774, South Korea. EM jshong@swu.ac.kr; kyongcheul.park@kangwon.ac.kr FU Seoul Women's University; Agenda from Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea [PJ007446052011, PJ907062] FX Authors appreciate Drs Byron Johnson and George Fedak for critical reading and comments. This work was supported by a research grant from Seoul Women's University (2012) and an Agenda (PJ007446052011 and PJ907062) from Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea. NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 14 PU KOREAN SOC PLANT PATHOLOGY PI SUWON PA NATIONAL INST AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, PLANT PATHOLOGY DIVISION, SUWON, 441-707, SOUTH KOREA SN 1598-2254 J9 PLANT PATHOLOGY J JI Plant Pathol. J. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 29 IS 3 BP 234 EP 241 DI 10.5423/PPJ.OA.10.2012.0157 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 211MO UT WOS:000323912500002 PM 25288950 ER PT J AU Ceyssens, PJ Aertsen, A Donovan, DM Lavigne, R Sullivan, MB Debarbieux, L Vaneechoutte, M AF Ceyssens, Pieter-Jan Aertsen, Abram Donovan, David M. Lavigne, Rob Sullivan, Matthew B. Debarbieux, Laurent Vaneechoutte, Mario TI Meeting report of the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO) Symposium 'Viruses of Microbes II', Brussels, July 2012 SO RESEARCH IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 [Ceyssens, Pieter-Jan] Univ Leuven, Lab Gene Technol, Louvain, Belgium. [Aertsen, Abram] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Fac Biosci Engn, Dept Microbial & Mol Syst, Lab Food Microbiol,Ctr Food & Microbial Technol, Louvain, Belgium. [Aertsen, Abram] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Fac Biosci Engn, Dept Microbial & Mol Syst, Leuven Food Sci & Nutr Res Ctr LFoRCe,Ctr Food &, Louvain, Belgium. [Donovan, David M.] ARS, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Lavigne, Rob] Univ Leuven, Lab Gene Technol, Louvain, Belgium. [Sullivan, Matthew B.] Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Tucson, AZ USA. [Debarbieux, Laurent] Inst Pasteur, Dept Microbiol, F-75015 Paris, France. [Vaneechoutte, Mario] Univ Ghent, Fac Med & Hlth Sci, LBR, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. RP Vaneechoutte, M (reprint author), Univ Ghent, Fac Med & Hlth Sci, LBR, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. EM PieterJan.Ceyssens@biw.kuleuven.be; Abram.Aertsen@biw.kuleuven.be; David.Donovan@ars.usda.gov; Rob.Lavigne@biw.kuleuven.be; MBSulli@email.arizona.edu; Laurent.Debarbieux@pasteur.fr; Mario.Vaneechoutte@UGent.be RI Sullivan, Matthew/H-3256-2011; OI Sullivan, Matthew/0000-0003-4040-9831; Debarbieux, Laurent/0000-0001-6875-5758; Lavigne, Rob/0000-0001-7377-1314; Ceyssens, Pieter-Jan/0000-0001-7735-8316 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0923-2508 J9 RES MICROBIOL JI Res. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 164 IS 7 BP 799 EP 805 DI 10.1016/j.resmic.2012.12.002 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 212VL UT WOS:000324010800013 PM 23228368 ER PT J AU Spear, A Yokomi, R French, R Stenger, DC AF Spear, Allyn Yokomi, Raymond French, Roy Stenger, Drake C. TI Occurrence, sequence polymorphism and population structure of Circulifer tenellus virus 1 in a field population of the beet leafhopper SO VIRUS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Population genetics; dsRNA ID CURLY TOP VIRUS; SOFTWARE; STRAIN; SITES; DNA AB Circulifer tenellus virus 1 (CiTV1) is the prototypical example of an unusual group of dsRNA viruses associated with insects and for which ecological data are lacking. A San Joaquin Valley (SJV), California population of the beet leafhopper (BLH; Circulifer tenellus [Baker]) was sampled for CiTV1 in 2010. Among 365 BLH sampled, 119(32.6%) were positive for CiTV1, with at least one CiTV1-positive BLH collected from each of 35 locations. Chi-square tests indicated that observed CiTV1 incidence differed from expected values based on collection season but not geography within the SJV. Sequence comparisons identified three CiTV1 strains, designated A, B, and C. Strain A predominated (82.4%), strain B was less common (16.8%), and only one (0.8%) strain C isolate was encountered. Chi-square tests demonstrated that observed frequencies of strains A and B did not differ from expected values in space or time, indicating that the SJV population of CiTV1 was unstructured. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Spear, Allyn; Yokomi, Raymond; Stenger, Drake C.] ARS, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [French, Roy] ARS, USDA, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Stenger, DC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 9611 S Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM drake.stenger@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS [5302-22000-011] FX We thank Stephanie Coffman, Mariana Krugner, Keira Lucas and Kunbo Zhang for technical assistance; Mark Sisterson for advice on statistical analyses; and Rodney Clarke of the Beet Curly Top Virus Control Program, California Department of Food and Agriculture for providing beet leafhopper samples with the prefix "CTB". Funding for this work was from USDA-ARS project 5302-22000-011. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1702 J9 VIRUS RES JI Virus Res. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 176 IS 1-2 BP 307 EP 311 DI 10.1016/j.virusres.2013.06.017 PG 5 WC Virology SC Virology GA 210TV UT WOS:000323858500038 PM 23845300 ER PT J AU Murray, GLD Kimball, KD Hill, LB Hislop, JE Weathers, KC AF Murray, Georgia L. D. Kimball, Kenneth D. Hill, L. Bruce Hislop, Jane E. Weathers, Kathleen C. TI Long-Term Trends in Cloud and Rain Chemistry on Mount Washington, New Hampshire SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Acidity; Clean Air Act Amendments; Cloud and rain water chemistry; Montane; Mount Washington NH; Nocturnal boundary layer; Nitrogen; Sulfur ID NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; AIR ACT AMENDMENTS; SPRUCE FOREST; PHASE-I; DEPOSITION; USA; PRECIPITATION; OZONE; FOG; EMISSIONS AB Growing season rain and cloud events were sampled between 1984-2010 at Lakes of the Clouds (LOC) (1,540 m above sea level (ASL)) which is 1.6 km SW of the summit of Mount Washington, NH (1,914 m ASL). Mount Washington's summit is in the clouds ca. 51 % of the time. All samples were measured for pH, while cations and anions were measured consistently from 1996 to 2010. Annual mean cloud and rain water hydrogen ion concentrations declined significantly from 1984-2010. Nighttime cloud and rain hydrogen, sulfate, ammonium, and nitrate ion concentrations were significantly greater compared to daytime. Ion mean concentrations declined over the 1996-2010 timeframe and more rapidly since 2005. Co-located filter-based aerosol measurement (PM2.5) at LOC had higher ratios of ammonium to sulfate in summer daytime samples post (1995-2010) full implementation of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments. This suggests a shift towards more neutralized sulfate aerosol dissolution into clouds with relatively more ammonium and declines in acidity. The origin of cloud water sampled, which ranges from regional fronts to orographic lower elevation air mass uplift, along with the diurnally shifting nocturnal boundary layer that often puts the LOC site in and out of the mixed layer, likely contributes to the diurnal and inter-annual variability observed. C1 [Murray, Georgia L. D.; Kimball, Kenneth D.] Appalachian Mt Club, Gorham, NH 03581 USA. [Hill, L. Bruce] Clean Air Task Force, Boston, MA USA. [Hislop, Jane E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Durham, NH USA. [Weathers, Kathleen C.] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY USA. RP Murray, GLD (reprint author), Appalachian Mt Club, Gorham, NH 03581 USA. EM gmurray@outdoors.org; kkimball@outdoors.org; bruce@catf.us; jhislop@fs.fed.us; weathersk@caryinstitute.org FU United States Forest Service Cooperative Agreements; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [NA06OAR460029, NA06OAR4600180, NA09OAR4590208] FX Funding for this work has in part been provided by multiple United States Forest Service Cooperative Agreements and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Grant (NA06OAR460029, NA06OAR4600180, and NA09OAR4590208), and to initiate the study, the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. This work could not have been done without the many seasonal interns who have worked for the AMC from 1984 to the present. We thank the Mount Washington Auto Road for access to the road to transport equipment. NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 32 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0049-6979 EI 1573-2932 J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL JI Water Air Soil Pollut. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 224 IS 9 AR 1653 DI 10.1007/s11270-013-1653-7 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA 207ZT UT WOS:000323644600010 ER PT J AU Rafique, R Fienen, MN Parkin, TB Anex, RP AF Rafique, Rashad Fienen, Michael N. Parkin, Timothy B. Anex, Robert P. TI Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Cropland: a Procedure for Calibrating the DayCent Biogeochemical Model Using Inverse Modelling SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE DayCent model; Inverse modelling; Parameter Estimation (PEST); Nitrous oxide; Sensitivity analysis; Automatic calibration; Validation ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; SOIL; N2O; DENITRIFICATION; SIMULATIONS; COLORADO; SYSTEMS; DNDC AB DayCent is a biogeochemical model of intermediate complexity widely used to simulate greenhouse gases (GHG), soil organic carbon and nutrients in crop, grassland, forest and savannah ecosystems. Although this model has been applied to a wide range of ecosystems, it is still typically parameterized through a traditional "trial and error" approach and has not been calibrated using statistical inverse modelling (i.e. algorithmic parameter estimation). The aim of this study is to establish and demonstrate a procedure for calibration of DayCent to improve estimation of GHG emissions. We coupled DayCent with the parameter estimation (PEST) software for inverse modelling. The PEST software can be used for calibration through regularized inversion as well as model sensitivity and uncertainty analysis. The DayCent model was analysed and calibrated using N2O flux data collected over 2 years at the Iowa State University Agronomy and Agricultural Engineering Research Farms, Boone, IA. Crop year 2003 data were used for model calibration and 2004 data were used for validation. The optimization of DayCent model parameters using PEST significantly reduced model residuals relative to the default DayCent parameter values. Parameter estimation improved the model performance by reducing the sum of weighted squared residual difference between measured and modelled outputs by up to 67 %. For the calibration period, simulation with the default model parameter values underestimated mean daily N2O flux by 98 %. After parameter estimation, the model underestimated the mean daily fluxes by 35 %. During the validation period, the calibrated model reduced sum of weighted squared residuals by 20 % relative to the default simulation. Sensitivity analysis performed provides important insights into the model structure providing guidance for model improvement. C1 [Rafique, Rashad; Anex, Robert P.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Fienen, Michael N.] US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, Middleton, WI 53562 USA. [Parkin, Timothy B.] ARS, USDA, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Rafique, Rashad] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Microbiol & Plant Biol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. RP Rafique, R (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM rashidbao@gmail.com RI Fienen, Michael/D-2479-2009 OI Fienen, Michael/0000-0002-7756-4651 FU USDA-NIFA [2011-68002-30190] FX This project is part of a regional collaborative supported by the USDA-NIFA, award no. 2011-68002-30190: Cropping systems Coordinated Agricultural Project: Climate Change, Mitigation, and Adaptation in Corn-based Cropping Systems. Special thanks to Cindy Keough, Keith Paustian, Bill Parton and Steve Del Grosso from Colorado State University for their help with DayCent modelling. We also would like to thank Jared Abodeely of the Idaho National Laboratory. We also would like to thank USGS's reviewers for the thorough review process. NR 33 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 47 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0049-6979 EI 1573-2932 J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL JI Water Air Soil Pollut. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 224 IS 9 AR 1677 DI 10.1007/s11270-013-1677-z PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA 207ZT UT WOS:000323644600031 ER PT J AU Lozano, N Rice, CP Ramirez, M Torrents, A AF Lozano, Nuria Rice, Clifford P. Ramirez, Mark Torrents, Alba TI Fate of Triclocarban, Triclosan and Methyltriclosan during wastewater and biosolids treatment processes SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Triclocarban; Triclosan; Methyltriclosan; WWTP; Mass-balance ID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY; METHYL-TRICLOSAN; SEWAGE-TREATMENT; TREATMENT PLANTS; SURFACE WATERS; BACTERICIDE TRICLOSAN; ACTIVATED-SLUDGE; BIOACCUMULATION; SYSTEMS; TOXICITY AB Triclocarban (TCC) and Triclosan (TCS) are two antibacterial chemicals present in household and personal care products. Methyltriclosan is a biodegradation product of TCS formed under aerobic conditions. TCC and TCS are discharged to Waste Water Treatment Plants (WWTP) where they are removed from the liquid phase mainly by concentrating in the solids. This study presents a thorough investigation of TCC, TCS and MeTCS concentrations in the liquid phase (dissolved + particulate) as well as solid phases within a single, large WWTP in the U.S. Total TCC and TCS concentrations decreased by >97% with about 79% of TCC and 64% of TCS transferred to the solids. The highest TCC and TCS removal rates from the liquid phase were reached in the primary treatment mainly though sorption and settling of solids. The TCC mass balances showed that TCC levels remain unchanged through the secondary treatment (activated sludge process) and about an 18% decrease was observed through the nitrification denitrification process. On the other hand, TCS levels decreased in both processes (secondary and nitrification-denitrification) by 10.4 and 22.6%, respectively. The decrease in TCS levels associated with observed increased levels of MeTCS in secondary and nitrification denitrification processes providing evidence of TCS biotransformation. Dissolved-phase concentrations of TCC and TCS remained constant during filtration and disinfection. TCC and TCS highest sludge concentrations were analyzed in the primary sludge (13.1 +/- 0.9 mu g g(-1-) dry wt. for TCC and 20.3 +/- 0.9 mu g g(-1) dry wt. for TCS) but for MeTCS the highest concentrations were analyzed in the secondary sludge (0.25 +/- 0.04 mu g g(-1) dry wt.). Respective TCC, TCS and MeTCS concentrations of 4.15 +/- 0.77; 5.37 +/- 0.97 and 0.058 +/- 0.003 kg d(-1) are leaving the WWTP with the sludge and 0.13 +/- 0.01; 0.24 +/- 0.07 and 0.021 +/- 0.002 kg d(-1) with the effluent that is discharged. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Lozano, Nuria] Univ Cantabria, Dept Water & Environm Sci & Technol, E-39005 Santander, Cantabria, Spain. [Lozano, Nuria; Rice, Clifford P.] USDA ARS, Environm Management & Byprod Utilizat Lab, BARC, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Ramirez, Mark] Dist Columbia Water & Sewer Author, DCWater, Washington, DC 20032 USA. [Torrents, Alba] Univ Maryland, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Torrents, A (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 1153 Glenn L Martin Hall, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM alba@umd.edu FU DC Water and Sewer Authority (DCWater), Washington DC FX This study was supported by DC Water and Sewer Authority (DCWater), Washington DC. The authors also wish to acknowledge the assistance from the WWTP personnel in obtaining the samples and/or providing the information necessary and their valuable comments for this article. NR 41 TC 47 Z9 50 U1 16 U2 147 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD SEP 1 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 13 BP 4519 EP 4527 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2013.05.015 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 202SO UT WOS:000323240100031 PM 23764601 ER PT J AU McLaughlin, MR Brooks, JP Adeli, A AF McLaughlin, Michael R. Brooks, John P. Adeli, Ardeshir TI Temporal flux and spatial dynamics of nutrients, fecal indicators, and zoonotic pathogens in anaerobic swine manure lagoon water (vol 46, pg 4949, 2012) SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Correction C1 [McLaughlin, Michael R.; Brooks, John P.; Adeli, Ardeshir] USDA ARS, Crop Sci Res Lab, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP McLaughlin, MR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Sci Res Lab, 810 Hwy 12 E, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM mike.mclaughlin@ars.usda.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 12 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD SEP 1 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 13 BP 4793 EP 4793 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2013.06.046 PG 1 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 202SO UT WOS:000323240100059 ER PT J AU Paul, G Gowda, PH Prasad, PVV Howell, TA Staggenborg, SA Neale, CMU AF Paul, George Gowda, Prasanna H. Prasad, P. V. Vara Howell, Terry A. Staggenborg, Scott A. Neale, Christopher M. U. TI Lysimetric evaluation of SEBAL using high resolution airborne imagery from BEAREX08 SO ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE SEBAL; Evapotranspiration; Airborne remote sensing; Energy balance; Excess resistance; Aerodynamic roughness parameters ID SURFACE-ENERGY BALANCE; SENSIBLE HEAT-FLUX; SOUTH-CENTRAL NEBRASKA; REMOTELY-SENSED DATA; MAPPING EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; TEMPERATURE RELATIONSHIP; SPARSE VEGETATION; LAND-SURFACE; MODEL; ALGORITHM AB In this study, Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL) was evaluated for its ability to derive aerodynamic components and surface energy fluxes from very high resolution airborne remote sensing data acquired during the Bushland Evapotranspiration and Agricultural Remote Sensing Experiment 2008 (BEAREX08) in Texas, USA. Issues related to hot and cold pixel selection and the underlying assumptions of difference between air and surface temperature (dT) being linearly related to the surface temperature were also addressed. Estimated instantaneous evapotranspiration (ET) and other components of the surface energy balance were compared with measured data from four large precision weighing lysimeter fields, two each managed under irrigation and dryland conditions. Instantaneous ET was estimated with overall mean bias error and root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.13 and 0.15 mm h (1) (23.8 and 28.2%) respectively, where relatively large RMSE was contributed by dryland field. Sensitivity analysis of the hot and cold pixel selection indicated that up to 20% of the variability in ET estimates could be attributed to differences in the surface energy balance and roughness properties of the anchor pixels. Adoption of an excess resistance to heat transfer parameter model into SEBAL significantly improved the instantaneous ET estimates. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Paul, George; Prasad, P. V. Vara; Staggenborg, Scott A.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Gowda, Prasanna H.; Howell, Terry A.] ARS, USDA, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. [Neale, Christopher M. U.] Utah State Univ, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Gowda, PH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, PO Drawer 10, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. EM Prasanna.Gowda@ars.usda.gov RI Prasad, P.V. Vara/B-3835-2012; Neale, Christopher/P-3676-2015; OI Prasad, P.V. Vara/0000-0001-6632-3361; Neale, Christopher/0000-0002-7199-6410; Paul, George/0000-0002-5322-7650 FU USDA - Agricultural Research Service; Kansas State University; Texas AgriLife Research; Texas AgriLife Extension Service; Texas Tech University; West Texas AM University FX This research was supported by the Ogallala Aquifer Program, a consortium between USDA - Agricultural Research Service, Kansas State University, Texas AgriLife Research, Texas AgriLife Extension Service, Texas Tech University, and West Texas A&M University. This is contribution number 12-284-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 58 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0309-1708 J9 ADV WATER RESOUR JI Adv. Water Resour. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 59 BP 157 EP 168 DI 10.1016/j.advwatres.2013.06.003 PG 12 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 207MZ UT WOS:000323606500013 ER PT J AU Matsumoto, C Matthan, NR Lichtenstein, AH Gaziano, JM Djousse, L AF Matsumoto, Chisa Matthan, Nirupa R. Lichtenstein, Alice H. Gaziano, J. Michael Djousse, Luc TI Red blood cell MUFAs and risk of coronary artery disease in the Physicians' Health Study SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID FATTY-ACID-COMPOSITION; MIDDLE-AGED ADULTS; HEART-DISEASE; DIETARY-FAT; SERUM-LIPIDS; CHOLESTEROL; METABOLISM; TRIALS; METAANALYSIS; HUMANS AB Background: Previous studies have reported beneficial effects of a Mediterranean diet rich in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) on coronary artery disease (CAD) risk. However, these findings remain inconsistent because some experimental studies have suggested atherogenic and lipotoxicity effects of long-chain and very-long-chain MUFAs on cardiomyocytes. Objective: We examined whether red blood cell (RBC) long-chain and very-long-chain MUFAs are associated with risk of CAD in the Physicians' Health Study. Design: The ancillary study used a prospective nested case-control design to select 1000 cases of incident CAD and 1000 control subjects matched for age, year of birth, and time of blood collection. RBC MUFAs were measured by using gas chromatography, and CAD was validated by an endpoint committee. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate RRs. Results: The mean (+/- SD) age was 68.7 +/- 8.7 y. In a multivariable model that was controlled for matching factors and established CAD risk factors and RBC saturated and omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids, ORs for CAD associated with each SD increase of 20:1n-9 and log 22:1n-9 were 0.89 (95% CI: 0.80, 1.00; P = 0.0441) and 0.83 (95% CI: 0.72, 0.95; P = 0.0086). However, only the 22:1n-9 CAD relation remained statistically significant after Bonferroni correction (P < 0.0125). RBC cis 18:1n-9 and 24:1n-9 were not associated with CAD risk. Conclusion: Our data suggest an inverse association of RBC 22:1n-9 but not 20:1n-9, 18:1n-9, or 24:1n-9 with CAD risk after Bonferroni correction in the Physicians' Health Study. C1 [Matsumoto, Chisa; Gaziano, J. Michael; Djousse, Luc] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Aging, Boston, MA 02120 USA. [Gaziano, J. Michael] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Prevent Med, Boston, MA 02120 USA. [Matthan, Nirupa R.; Lichtenstein, Alice H.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, JM USDA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Matsumoto, Chisa; Gaziano, J. Michael; Djousse, Luc] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Djousse, Luc] Boston Vet Affairs Healthcare Syst, Boston, MA USA. RP Djousse, L (reprint author), Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Aging, 1620 Tremont St,3rd Floor, Boston, MA 02120 USA. EM ldjousse@rics.bwh.harvard.edu FU National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), Bethesda, MD [R21 HL088081]; National Cancer Institute [CA-34944, CA-40360, CA-097193]; NHLBI [HL-26490, HL-34595] FX Supported by grant R21 HL088081 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), Bethesda, MD. The Physicians' Health Study is supported by grants CA-34944, CA-40360, and CA-097193 from the National Cancer Institute and grants HL-26490 and HL-34595from the NHLBI. NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 98 IS 3 BP 749 EP 754 DI 10.3945/ajcn.113.059964 PG 6 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 206OT UT WOS:000323532700017 PM 23824727 ER PT J AU Locke, AM Sack, L Bernacchi, CJ Ort, DR AF Locke, Anna M. Sack, Lawren Bernacchi, Carl J. Ort, Donald R. TI Soybean leaf hydraulic conductance does not acclimate to growth at elevated [CO2] or temperature in growth chambers or in the field SO ANNALS OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Leaf hydraulic conductance; elevated CO2; temperature; climate change; water potential; soybean; Glycine max ID LONG-TERM GROWTH; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; CARBON-DIOXIDE; PHOTOSYNTHETIC RATE; XYLEM CAVITATION; LEAVES; PLANTS; ENRICHMENT; VENATION; FOREST AB Leaf hydraulic properties are strongly linked with transpiration and photosynthesis in many species. However, it is not known if gas exchange and hydraulics will have co-ordinated responses to climate change. The objective of this study was to investigate the responses of leaf hydraulic conductance (K-leaf) in Glycine max (soybean) to growth at elevated [CO2] and increased temperature compared with the responses of leaf gas exchange and leaf water status. Two controlled-environment growth chamber experiments were conducted with soybean to measure K-leaf, stomatal conductance (g(s)) and photosynthesis (A) during growth at elevated [CO2] and temperature relative to ambient levels. These results were validated with field experiments on soybean grown under free-air elevated [CO2] (FACE) and canopy warming. In chamber studies, K-leaf did not acclimate to growth at elevated [CO2], even though stomatal conductance decreased and photosynthesis increased. Growth at elevated temperature also did not affect K-leaf, although g(s) and A showed significant but inconsistent decreases. The lack of response of K-leaf to growth at increased [CO2] and temperature in chamber-grown plants was confirmed with field-grown soybean at a FACE facility. Leaf hydraulic and leaf gas exchange responses to these two climate change factors were not strongly linked in soybean, although g(s) responded to [CO2] and increased temperature as previously reported. This differential behaviour could lead to an imbalance between hydraulic supply and transpiration demand under extreme environmental conditions likely to become more common as global climate continues to change. C1 [Locke, Anna M.; Bernacchi, Carl J.; Ort, Donald R.] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Sack, Lawren] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Bernacchi, Carl J.; Ort, Donald R.] Univ Illinois, Inst Genom Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Bernacchi, Carl J.; Ort, Donald R.] ARS, Global Change & Photosynthesis Res Unit, USDA, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Ort, DR (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM d-ort@uiuc.edu RI Sack, Lawren/A-5492-2008 OI Sack, Lawren/0000-0002-7009-7202 FU United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agriculture Research Service (ARS); Office of Science (BER), US Department of Energy through the Midwestern Center of the National Institute for Climate Change Research (NICCR) FX We thank Nathan Couch, Adrian Zimbelman, Bob Koester, Sharon Gray, Katie Richter, Bob Koester, Courtney Leisner, Becky Slattery and Colleen Cahill for assistance with data collection and plant care, John Drake for assistance with setting up dataloggers, and David Drag, Charlie Mitsdarfer and Kannan Puthuval for maintaining growth chambers and managing operations at SoyFACE. This research was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agriculture Research Service (ARS) and by the Office of Science (BER), US Department of Energy, through the Midwestern Center of the National Institute for Climate Change Research (NICCR). NR 41 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 81 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-7364 J9 ANN BOT-LONDON JI Ann. Bot. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 112 IS 5 BP 911 EP 918 DI 10.1093/aob/mct143 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 206YP UT WOS:000323563200013 PM 23864003 ER PT J AU Register, KB Sacco, RE Olsen, SC AF Register, Karen B. Sacco, Randy E. Olsen, Steven C. TI Evaluation of Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays for Detection of Mycoplasma bovis-Specific Antibody in Bison Sera SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INFECTIONS; OUTBREAK AB Mycoplasma bovis has recently emerged as a significant and costly infectious disease problem in bison. A method for the detection of M. bovis-specific serum antibodies is needed in order to establish prevalence and transmission patterns. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) validated for the detection of M. bovis-specific serum IgG in cattle are commercially available, but their suitability for bison sera has not been determined. A collection of bison sera, most from animals with a known history of infection or vaccination with M. bovis, was tested for M. bovis-specific IgG using commercially available kits as well as an in-house ELISA in which either cattle or bison M. bovis isolates were used as a source of antigen. Comparison of the results demonstrates that ELISAs optimized for cattle sera may not be optimal for the identification of bison seropositive for M. bovis, particularly those with low to moderate antibody levels. The reagent used for the detection of bison IgG and the source of the antigen affect the sensitivity of the assay. Optimal performance was obtained when the capture antigen was derived from bison isolates rather than cattle isolates and when a protein G conjugate rather than an anti-bovine IgG conjugate was used for the detection of bison IgG. C1 [Register, Karen B.; Sacco, Randy E.] ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ruminant Dis & Immunol Res Unit, Ames, IA USA. [Olsen, Steven C.] ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Bacterial Dis Livestock Res Unit, Ames, IA USA. RP Register, KB (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ruminant Dis & Immunol Res Unit, Ames, IA USA. EM karen.register@ars.usda.gov NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 20 IS 9 BP 1405 EP 1409 DI 10.1128/CVI.00409-13 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 208SL UT WOS:000323699600009 PM 23843427 ER PT J AU Kogut, MH Genovese, KJ He, HQ Swaggerty, CL Jiang, YW AF Kogut, Michael H. Genovese, Kenneth J. He, Haiqi Swaggerty, Christina L. Jiang, Yiwei TI Modulation of Chicken Intestinal Immune Gene Expression by Small Cationic Peptides as Feed Additives during the First Week Posthatch SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ENTERITIDIS ORGAN INVASION; HOST-DEFENSE PEPTIDES; SALMONELLA-ENTERICA SEROVARS; AVIAN INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE; INNATE IMMUNITY; ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES; CPG OLIGODEOXYNUCLEOTIDES; ACCESSORY MOLECULES; NEONATAL CHICKENS; BROILER-CHICKENS AB We have been investigating modulation strategies tailored around the selective stimulation of the host's immune system as an alternative to direct targeting of microbial pathogens by antibiotics. One such approach is the use of a group of small cationic peptides (BT) produced by a Gram-positive soil bacterium, Brevibacillus texasporus. These peptides have immune modulatory properties that enhance both leukocyte functional efficiency and leukocyte proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine mRNA transcription activities in vitro. In addition, when provided as a feed additive for just 4 days posthatch, BT peptides significantly induce a concentration-dependent protection against cecal and extraintestinal colonization by Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis. In the present studies, we assessed the effects of feeding BT peptides on transcriptional changes on proinflammatory cytokines, inflammatory chemokines, and Toll-like receptors (TLR) in the ceca of broiler chickens with and without S. Enteritidis infection. After feeding a BT peptide-supplemented diet for the first 4 days posthatch, chickens were then challenged with S. Enteritidis, and intestinal gene expression was measured at 1 or 7 days postinfection (p.i.) (5 or 11 days of age). Intestinal expression of innate immune mRNA transcripts was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Analysis of relative mRNA expression showed that a BT peptide-supplemented diet did not directly induce the transcription of proinflammatory cytokine, inflammatory chemokine, type I/II interferon (IFN), or TLR mRNA in chicken cecum. However, feeding the BT peptide-supplemented diet primed cecal tissue for increased (P <= 0.05) transcription of TLR4, TLR15, and TLR21 upon infection with S. Enteritidis on days 1 and 7 p.i. Likewise, feeding the BT peptides primed the cecal tissue for increased transcription of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin 1 beta [IL-1 beta], IL-6, IL-18, type I and II IFNs) and inflammatory chemokine (CxCLi2) in response to S. Enteritidis infection 1 and 7 days p.i. compared to the chickens fed the basal diet. These small cationic peptides may prove useful as alternatives to antibiotics as local immune modulators in neonatal poultry by providing prophylactic protection against Salmonella infections. C1 [Kogut, Michael H.; Genovese, Kenneth J.; He, Haiqi; Swaggerty, Christina L.] USDA ARS, SPARC, College Stn, TX USA. [Jiang, Yiwei] My Galaxy LLC, Ft Worth, TX USA. RP Kogut, MH (reprint author), USDA ARS, SPARC, College Stn, TX USA. EM mike.kogut@ars.usda.gov NR 48 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 29 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 20 IS 9 BP 1440 EP 1448 DI 10.1128/CVI.00322-13 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 208SL UT WOS:000323699600014 PM 23863505 ER PT J AU Brockmeier, SL Loving, CL Mullins, MA Register, KB Nicholson, TL Wiseman, BS Baker, RB Kehrli, ME AF Brockmeier, Susan L. Loving, Crystal L. Mullins, Michael A. Register, Karen B. Nicholson, Tracy L. Wiseman, Barry S. Baker, Rodney B. Kehrli, Marcus E., Jr. TI Virulence, Transmission, and Heterologous Protection of Four Isolates of Haemophilus parasuis SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STREPTOCOCCUS-SUIS; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; CROSS-PROTECTION; SERUM-RESISTANCE; SC096 STRAIN; PIGS; INFECTION; SWINE; COLONIZATION; SEROVARS AB Haemophilus parasuis causes Glasser's disease, a syndrome of polyserositis, meningitis, and arthritis in swine. Previous studies with H. parasuis have revealed virulence disparity among isolates and inconsistent heterologous protection. In this study, virulence, direct transmission, and heterologous protection of 4 isolates of H. parasuis (SW114, 12939, MN-H, and 29755) were evaluated using a highly susceptible pig model. In an initial experiment, isolates 12939, MN-H, and 29755 caused Glasser's disease, while strain SW114 failed to cause any clinical signs of disease. One pig from each group challenged with MN-H or 29755 failed to develop clinical disease but was able to transmit H. parasuis to noninfected pigs, which subsequently developed Glasser's disease. Pigs colonized with SW114, 29755, or MN-H that were free of clinical disease were protected from a subsequent challenge with isolate 12939. In a following experiment, pigs vaccinated with strain SW114 given as either a bacterin intramuscularly or a live intranasal vaccine were protected from subsequent challenge with isolate 12939; however, some pigs given live SW114 developed arthritis. Overall these studies demonstrated that pigs infected with virulent isolates of H. parasuis can remain healthy and serve as reservoirs for transmission to naive pigs and that heterologous protection among H. parasuis isolates is possible. In addition, further attenuation of strain SW114 is necessary if it is to be used as a live vaccine. C1 [Brockmeier, Susan L.; Loving, Crystal L.; Mullins, Michael A.; Register, Karen B.; Nicholson, Tracy L.; Kehrli, Marcus E., Jr.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Wiseman, Barry S.] Fios Therapeut Inc, Rochester, MN USA. [Baker, Rodney B.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA USA. RP Brockmeier, SL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, POB 70, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM Susan.Brockmeier@ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 16 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 20 IS 9 BP 1466 EP 1472 DI 10.1128/CVI.00168-13 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 208SL UT WOS:000323699600017 PM 23885030 ER PT J AU Zheng, JS Arnett, DK Parnell, LD Smith, CE Li, D Borecki, IB Tucker, KL Ordovas, JM Lai, CQ AF Zheng, Ju-Sheng Arnett, Donna K. Parnell, Laurence D. Smith, Caren E. Li, Duo Borecki, Ingrid B. Tucker, Katherine L. Ordovas, Jose M. Lai, Chao-Qiang TI Modulation by Dietary Fat and Carbohydrate of IRS1 Association With Type 2 Diabetes Traits in Two Populations of Different Ancestries SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID GENE-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS; INSULIN-RECEPTOR SUBSTRATE-1; FOOD FREQUENCY QUESTIONNAIRE; PUERTO-RICAN ADULTS; METABOLIC SYNDROME; GLYCEMIC LOAD; RESISTANCE; POLYMORPHISM; VARIANT; RISK AB OBJECTIVE Insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) is central to insulin signaling pathways. This study aimed to examine the association of IRS1 variants with insulin resistance (IR) and related phenotypes, as well as potential modification by diet.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Two IRS1 variants (rs7578326 and rs2943641) identified by genome-wide association studies as related to type 2 diabetes were tested for their associations with IR and related traits and interaction with diet in the Genetics of Lipid Lowering Drugs and Diet Network (GOLDN) study (n = 820) and the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study (BPRHS) (n = 844).RESULTS Meta-analysis indicated that rs7578326 G-allele carriers and rs2943641 T-allele carriers had a lower risk of IR, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Significant interactions on IR and MetS were found for these two variants and their haplotypes with diet. In GOLDN, rs7578326 G-allele carriers and rs2943641 T-allele carriers and their haplotype G-T carriers had a significantly lower risk of IR and MetS than noncarriers only when the dietary saturated fatty acid-to-carbohydrate ratio was low (0.24). In both GOLDN (P = 0.0008) and BPRHS (P = 0.011), rs7578326 G-allele carriers had a lower risk of MetS than noncarriers only when dietary monounsaturated fatty acids were lower than the median intake of each population.CONCLUSIONS IRS1 variants are associated with IR and related traits and are modulated by diet in two populations of different ancestries. These findings suggest that IRS1 variants have important functions in various metabolic disorders and that dietary factors could modify these associations. C1 [Zheng, Ju-Sheng; Li, Duo] Zhejiang Univ, Dept Food Sci & Nutr, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Zheng, Ju-Sheng; Parnell, Laurence D.; Smith, Caren E.; Ordovas, Jose M.; Lai, Chao-Qiang] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Arnett, Donna K.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL USA. [Borecki, Ingrid B.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Tucker, Katherine L.] Northeastern Univ, Dept Hlth Sci, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Lai, CQ (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM duoli@zju.edu.cn; chaoqiang.lai@ars.usda.gov OI Zheng, Ju-Sheng/0000-0001-6560-4890; Tucker, Katherine/0000-0001-7640-662X FU China Scholarship Council; National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2011CB504002]; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [HL54776, HL078885]; National Institutes of Health [P01AG023394, P50HL105185]; U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agriculture Research Service [53-K06-510, 58-1950-9-001] FX This study was funded by the China Scholarship Council, the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program: 2011CB504002), the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (grants HL54776 and HL078885), the National Institutes of Health(P01AG023394 and P50HL105185), and the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agriculture Research Service (contracts 53-K06-510 and 58-1950-9-001). NR 34 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 16 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD SEP PY 2013 VL 36 IS 9 BP 2621 EP 2627 DI 10.2337/dc12-2607 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 205CZ UT WOS:000323420200049 PM 23596181 ER PT J AU Hough-Snee, N Roper, BB Wheaton, JM Budy, P Lokteff, RL AF Hough-Snee, Nate Roper, Brett B. Wheaton, Joseph M. Budy, Phaedra Lokteff, Ryan L. TI Riparian vegetation communities change rapidly following passive restoration at a northern Utah stream SO ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Riparian; Grazing; Passive restoration; Plant restoration; Community assembly; Low-order streams ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; MAHOGANY CREEK; INDICATOR; RECOVERY; HABITAT; WILLOW; MEADOWS; ECOLOGY; NEVADA; BASIN AB Riparian vegetation may recover quickly from disturbance when the disturbance vector is removed or reduced. Grazing is a disturbance that removes plant biomass through herbivory, while overgrazing is a more severe disturbance that can deplete plant propagule pools and inhibit plant community recovery. We tested the hypothesis that riparian vegetation communities can shift quickly from ruderal grasslands to hydrophytic shrubs and graminoids when grazing is largely eliminated from riparian areas. We used a before-after-control study design to collect vegetation community data at six restored reaches and two grazed control reaches prior to and immediately following the construction of a cattle exclosure. We identified trends in Carex and Salix species abundance and quantified shifts in riparian vegetation community composition across time at each reach using PERMANOVA, multi-level pattern analysis and non-metric multidimensional scaling. Vegetation composition changed rapidly in the four years following removal of grazing disturbance. Indicator species for all impact reaches shifted away from grazing tolerant graminoids and forbs, and toward hydrophytic graminoid and shrub species. Over the same timespan control reach indicator species remained grazing-tolerant graminoids and forbs. There was little change in Salix abundance over time at control or impact reaches but Carex abundance increased at restored reaches. We conclude that herbaceous plant communities may recover rapidly following the removal of grazing disturbance, but that woody species may lag in recovery without active vegetation manipulation. We postulate that low woody-species recruitment may affect the potential of the riparian zone to quickly shade stream channels and facilitate undercut bank formation, common riparian restoration objectives. To prevent halted riparian succession, designers should proactively identify potential limitations to woody vegetation colonization. We close discussing active approaches to overcome stalled riparian ecosystem development and suggest metrics for assessing woody species recovery. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Hough-Snee, Nate; Lokteff, Ryan L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Sci Lab, PIBO Effectiveness Monitoring Program, Logan, UT 84321 USA. [Hough-Snee, Nate; Roper, Brett B.; Wheaton, Joseph M.; Budy, Phaedra; Lokteff, Ryan L.] Utah State Univ, Dept Watershed Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Roper, Brett B.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Sci Lab, Natl Fish & Aquat Ecol Unit, Logan, UT 84321 USA. [Wheaton, Joseph M.; Budy, Phaedra] Utah State Univ, Intermt Ctr River Rehabil & Restorat, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Budy, Phaedra] Utah State Univ, Dept Watershed Sci, Utah Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Hough-Snee, N (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Watershed Sci, 5210 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM nate@natehough-snee.org RI Wheaton, Joseph/F-1965-2010; OI Wheaton, Joseph/0000-0002-8361-8150; Hough-Snee, Nate/0000-0003-4581-0931 NR 44 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 5 U2 103 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-8574 J9 ECOL ENG JI Ecol. Eng. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 58 BP 371 EP 377 DI 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.07.042 PG 7 WC Ecology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Engineering GA 207OD UT WOS:000323610200046 ER PT J AU Klasson, KT Ledbetter, CA Uchimiya, M Lima, IM AF Klasson, K. Thomas Ledbetter, Craig A. Uchimiya, Minori Lima, Isabel M. TI Activated biochar removes 100 % dibromochloropropane from field well water SO ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Dibromochloropropane; Activated biochar; Almond shells ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; ADSORPTIVE PROPERTIES; ESTIMATED COST; ALMOND SHELLS; CARBONS; DBCP; FEASIBILITY; GROUNDWATER; CALIFORNIA AB Dibromochloropropane was one of the primary chemical soil fumigants used to control nematodes. As a consequence, dibromochloropropane is now occurring widely in groundwater. This situation requires treating drinking water before human consumption because exposures to dibromochloropropane have shown linkage to infertility and circulatory system diseases. Here, activated biochar was produced from almond shells and used in the field to remove dibromochloropropane from a municipal water well. Results show that activated biochar removed 100 % of the dibromochloropropane for approximately 3 months and continued to remove it to below treatment standards for an additional 3 months. The breakthrough was modeled by a liquid film mass transfer model that described the experimental data very well. This manuscript reports on the efficient use of local resources such as almond shells to address local environmental needs. C1 [Klasson, K. Thomas; Uchimiya, Minori; Lima, Isabel M.] USDA ARS, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Ledbetter, Craig A.] USDA ARS, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Klasson, KT (reprint author), USDA ARS, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM thomas.klasson@ars.usda.gov OI Klasson, K. Thomas/0000-0003-3358-3081 FU Almond Board of California FX Part of the work was funded by the Almond Board of California. The authors would like to thank the City of Fresno Department of Public Utilities, Water Division, for their assistance. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 35 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 42 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1610-3653 EI 1610-3661 J9 ENVIRON CHEM LETT JI Environ. Chem. Lett. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 11 IS 3 BP 271 EP 275 DI 10.1007/s10311-012-0398-7 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 207SY UT WOS:000323625400004 ER PT J AU O'Connor, C Miller, R Bates, JD AF O'Connor, Casey Miller, Rick Bates, Jonathan D. TI Vegetation Response to Western Juniper Slash Treatments SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Bunchgrass; Cercocarpus; Fire; Fuel reduction; Pinon-juniper ID SAGEBRUSH PLANT-COMMUNITIES; FIRE; WOODLANDS; STEPPE; RECOVERY; CUT; ENCROACHMENT; SUCCESSION; DYNAMICS; NEVADA AB The expansion of pion-juniper woodlands the past 100 years in the western United States has resulted in large scale efforts to kill trees and recover sagebrush steppe rangelands. It is important to evaluate vegetation recovery following woodland control to develop best management practices. In this study, we compared two fuel reduction treatments and a cut-and-leave (CUT) treatment used to control western juniper (Juniperus occidentalis spp. occidentalis Hook.) of the northwestern United States. Treatments were; CUT, cut-and-broadcast burn (BURN), and cut-pile-and-burn the pile (PILE). A randomized complete block design was used with five replicates of each treatment located in a curl leaf mahogany (Cercocarpus ledifolius Nutt. ex Torr. & A. Gray)/mountain big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata Nutt. spp. vaseyana (Rydb.) Beetle)/Idaho fescue (Festuca idahoensis Elmer) association. In 2010, 4 years after tree control the cover of perennial grasses (PG) [Sandberg's bluegrass (Poa secunda J. Pres) and large bunchgrasses] were about 4 and 5 % less, respectively, in the BURN (7.1 +/- A 0.6 %) than the PILE (11.4 +/- A 2.3 %) and CUT (12.4 +/- A 1.7 %) treatments (P < 0.0015). In 2010, cover of invasive cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L.) was greater in the BURN (6.3 +/- A 1.0 %) and was 50 and 100 % greater than PILE and CUT treatments, respectively. However, the increase in perennial bunchgrass density and cover, despite cheatgrass in the BURN treatment, mean it unlikely that cheatgrass will persist as a major understory component. In the CUT treatment mahogany cover increased 12.5 % and density increased in from 172 +/- A 25 to 404 +/- A 123 trees/ha. Burning, killed most or all of the adult mahogany, and mahogany recovery consisted of 100 and 67 % seedlings in the PILE and BURN treatments, respectively. After treatment, juniper presence from untreated small trees (< 1 m tall; PILE and CUT treatments) and seedling emergence (all treatments) represented 25-33 % of pre-treatment tree density. To maintain recovery of herbaceous, shrub, and mahogany species additional control of reestablished juniper will be necessary. C1 [O'Connor, Casey] Bur Land Management, US Dept Interior, Burns Dist Off, Burns, OR USA. [Miller, Rick] Oregon State Univ, Dept Rangeland Ecol & Management, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Bates, Jonathan D.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR USA. RP Bates, JD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR USA. EM jon.bates@oregonstate.edu NR 52 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 20 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-152X J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 52 IS 3 BP 553 EP 566 DI 10.1007/s00267-013-0103-z PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 208FD UT WOS:000323661700003 PM 23811771 ER PT J AU He, HS Shifley, SR Thompson, FR AF He, Hong S. Shifley, Stephen R. Thompson, Frank R., III TI Overview of Contemporary Issues of Forest Research and Management in China (vol 48, pg 1061, 2011) SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Correction C1 [He, Hong S.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Appl Ecol, State Key Lab Forest & Soil Ecol, Shenyang 110016, Peoples R China. [He, Hong S.] Univ Missouri, Sch Nat Resources, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Shifley, Stephen R.; Thompson, Frank R., III] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP He, HS (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Sch Nat Resources, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM heh@missouri.edu OI He, Hong S./0000-0002-3983-2512 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-152X J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 52 IS 3 BP 759 EP 759 DI 10.1007/s00267-013-0134-5 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 208FD UT WOS:000323661700018 ER PT J AU Sayre, NF McAllister, RRJ Bestelmeyer, BT Moritz, M Turner, MD AF Sayre, Nathan F. McAllister, Ryan R. J. Bestelmeyer, Brandon T. Moritz, Mark Turner, Matthew D. TI Earth Stewardship of rangelands: coping with ecological, economic, and political marginality SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article ID GRAZING SYSTEMS; LAND-USE; PASTORALISTS; FRAGMENTATION; RANCH AB Rangelands encompass 30-40% of Earth's land surface and support 1 to 2 billion people. Their predominant use is extensive livestock production by pastoralists and ranchers. But rangelands are characterized by ecological, economic, and political marginality, and higher value, more intensive land uses are impinging on rangelands around the world. Earth Stewardship of rangelands must address both livestock management and the broader socioecological dynamics that promote land-use changes, fragmentation, and degradation. We identify specific gradients on which human-rangeland systems can be arrayed, including issues of variability, adaptation to disturbance, commercialization, land-use change, land-tenure security, and effective governance, and we illustrate the gradients' interactions and effects in sites worldwide. The result is a synthetic framework to help in understanding how rangeland Earth Stewardship can be achieved in the face of marginality, globalization, and climate change. C1 [Sayre, Nathan F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Geog, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [McAllister, Ryan R. J.] Commonwealth Sci & Ind Res Org CSIRO Sustainable, St Lucia, Qld, Australia. [Bestelmeyer, Brandon T.] New Mexico State Univ, USDA ARS, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Moritz, Mark] Ohio State Univ, Dept Anthropol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Turner, Matthew D.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geog, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Sayre, NF (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Geog, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM nsayre@berkeley.edu RI McAllister, Ryan/A-4866-2008 OI McAllister, Ryan/0000-0003-0080-7528 NR 23 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 63 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1540-9295 J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON JI Front. Ecol. Environ. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 11 IS 7 BP 348 EP 354 DI 10.1890/120333 PG 7 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 208SV UT WOS:000323700700003 ER PT J AU Kindiger, B Conley, T Cai, HW AF Kindiger, Bryan Conley, Terry Cai, Hongwei TI Generation and release of molecular markers for Poa arachnifera Torr. SO GRASSLAND SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Molecular markers; Poa ID MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; PERENNIAL RYEGRASS; PCR; BLUEGRASS; POLYMORPHISM; REPEATS; COMPLEX; AFLP; L. AB DNA-based molecular markers can be used in a wide array of plant genetic studies, marker-trait associations, seed purity evaluations and cultivar protection. However, for the genus Poa, the use of molecular markers is limited by the current lack of informative DNA based markers. This report represents the development and release of an additional 39 molecular markers, all derived from an unenriched Poa arachnifera Torr. genomic library. The newly released markers include genomic microsatellite markers, tandem repeats, palindromes and regions exhibiting low complexity generated from the P.arachnifera library. Many of the primer pairs used to amplify the markers were observed to exhibit polymorphisms when evaluated across five additional Poa species (P. pratensis L., P. secunda J. Presl, P. ligularis Nees ex Steud., P. poiformis [Labill.] Druce and P. labillardieri Steud.) The availability of these new and informative markers should provide Poa breeders and geneticists with additional tools for breeding and genetic research. C1 [Kindiger, Bryan] USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. [Conley, Terry] Cameron Univ, Sch Sci & Technol, Lawton, OK 73505 USA. [Cai, Hongwei] China Agr Univ, Coll Agron & Biotechnol, Dept Plant Genet & Breeding, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. RP Kindiger, B (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, 7207 West Cheyenne St, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. EM bryan.kindiger@ars.usda.gov OI Kindiger, Bryan/0000-0002-2938-3653 NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1744-6961 J9 GRASSL SCI JI Grassl. Sci. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 59 IS 3 BP 160 EP 165 DI 10.1111/grs.12021 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 210QA UT WOS:000323848200005 ER PT J AU Johnston, CA Moreno, JP Gallagher, MR Wang, J Papaioannou, MA Tyler, C Foreyt, JP AF Johnston, Craig A. Moreno, Jennette P. Gallagher, Martina R. Wang, Jing Papaioannou, Maria A. Tyler, Chermaine Foreyt, John P. TI Achieving Long-Term Weight Maintenance in Mexican-American Adolescents With a School-Based Intervention SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Adolescents; Mexican-American; Childhood obesity; School-based program; Prevention; Weight management ID OBESITY PREVENTION PROGRAMS; CHILDHOOD OBESITY; OVERWEIGHT CHILDREN; BLOOD-PRESSURE; ASSOCIATION; TRIALS; EDUCATION; RISK AB Purpose: This study evaluated 24-month outcomes of a school-based intensive lifestyle weight management program targeting overweight Mexican-American adolescents. Methods: We recruited a total of 71 adolescents (32 males; 45.1%) between the ages of 10 and 14 years, at or above the 85th percentile for body mass index (BMI). Participants were randomized to a 6-month instructor-led intervention (ILI) or a self-help (SH) program. Both interventions were aimed at modifying eating and physical activity behaviors using behavior modification strategies. We assessed changes in participants' standardized BMI and BMI percentile at baseline, 1, and 2 years. Results: Repeated-measures analyses showed that ILI participants showed significantly greater decreases in standardized BMI at 1 and 2 years (F = 8.58, p < .01; and F = 9.27, p < .01, respectively) compared with SH controls. Similar results were found for changes in BMI and BMI percentile. At 2 years, the ILI condition decreased their average BMI percentile by 3.9 percentile points, compared to an increase of 1.6 percentile points in the SH condition. Conclusions: A school-based intervention resulted in improved weight outcomes in overweight Mexican-American adolescents and results were maintained over 2 years. (C) 2013 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. All rights reserved. C1 [Johnston, Craig A.; Moreno, Jennette P.; Papaioannou, Maria A.; Tyler, Chermaine] Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat Nutr, USDA ARS, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Johnston, Craig A.; Foreyt, John P.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Gallagher, Martina R.; Wang, Jing] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Sch Nursing, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Johnston, CA (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat Nutr, 6655 Travis St,Suite 320, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM caj@bcm.edu FU United Stated Department of Agriculture [ARS 2533759358] FX This study was supported in part by a gift from the Kellogg Company and by a grant from the United Stated Department of Agriculture (ARS 2533759358). The authors thank the staff of YES Preparatory Academy for their dedication to improving the lives of children. NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 75 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1054-139X J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD SEP PY 2013 VL 53 IS 3 BP 335 EP 341 DI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.04.001 PG 7 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA 207MA UT WOS:000323602900006 PM 23727501 ER PT J AU Brough, HA Makinson, K Penagos, M Maleki, SJ Cheng, H Douiri, A Stephens, AC Turcanu, V Lack, G AF Brough, Helen A. Makinson, Kerry Penagos, Martin Maleki, Soheila J. Cheng, Hsiaopo Douiri, Abdel Stephens, Alick C. Turcanu, Victor Lack, Gideon TI Distribution of peanut protein in the home environment SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Peanut; sensitization; allergy; environment; dust; aerosolized; airborne; saliva; hand; ELISA; validation ID IGE-BINDING EPITOPES; ALLERGEN; CHILDREN; DUST; PREVALENCE; SCHOOLS; RISK; FOOD AB Background: To halt the increase in peanut allergy, we must determine how children become sensitized to peanut. High household peanut consumption used as an indirect marker of environmental peanut exposure is associated with the development of peanut allergy. Objective: We sought to validate a method to quantify environmental peanut exposure, to determine how peanut is transferred into the environment after peanut consumption, and to determine whether environmental peanut persists despite cleaning. Methods: After initial comparative studies among 3 ELISA kits, we validated and used the Veratox polyclonal peanut ELISA to assess peanut protein concentrations in dust and air and on household surfaces, bedding, furnishings, hand wipes, and saliva. Results: The Veratox polyclonal peanut ELISA had the best rate of recovery of an independent peanut standard. We demonstrated 100% sensitivity and specificity and a less than 15% coefficient of variation for intra-assay, interassay, and interoperator variability. There was high within-home correlation for peanut protein levels in dust and household surface wipes. Airborne peanut levels were lower than the limit of quantitation for the Veratox polyclonal peanut ELISA in a number of simulated scenarios, except for a brief period directly above peanuts being deshelled. Peanut protein persisted on hands and in saliva 3 hours after peanut consumption. Peanut protein was completely removed from granite tables after cleaning with detergent, and levels were reduced but still present after detergent cleaning of laminate and wooden table surfaces, pillows, and sofa covers. Conclusions: Peanut spread easily around the home and might be resistant to usual cleaning methods. Peanut protein can be transferred into the environment by means of hand transfer and saliva but is unlikely to be aerosolized. C1 [Brough, Helen A.; Makinson, Kerry; Penagos, Martin; Stephens, Alick C.; Turcanu, Victor; Lack, Gideon] Kings Coll London, MRC, Dept Paediat Allergy, London, England. [Brough, Helen A.; Makinson, Kerry; Penagos, Martin; Stephens, Alick C.; Turcanu, Victor; Lack, Gideon] Kings Coll London, Asthma UK Ctr Allerg Mech Asthma, Div Asthma Allergy & Lung Biol, London, England. [Brough, Helen A.; Makinson, Kerry; Penagos, Martin; Stephens, Alick C.; Turcanu, Victor; Lack, Gideon] Guys & St Thomas NHS Fdn Trust, London SE1 7EH, England. [Brough, Helen A.] Univ Southampton, Fac Med, Southampton SO9 5NH, Hants, England. [Maleki, Soheila J.; Cheng, Hsiaopo] USDA, Agr Res Serv, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. [Douiri, Abdel] Kings Coll London, Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, London, England. RP Lack, G (reprint author), Guys & St Thomas NHS Fdn Trust, Childrens Allergy Unit, 2nd Fl,Stairwell B,South Wing,Westminster Bridge, London SE1 7EH, England. EM Gideon.lack@kcl.ac.uk FU National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust; King's College London; Medical Research Council; Department of Health through the NIHR comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre award; King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust; Anaphylaxis Campaign; National Peanut Board; Sodilac; Novartis; Nestle Nutrition; GlaxoSmithKline; Serono Symposia International Foundation FX Supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London and the Medical Research Council.; H. A. Brough, K. Makinson, and V. Turcanu have received research support from the Department of Health through the NIHR comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre award to Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust in partnership with King's College London and King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust. S. J. Maleki is on the Scientific Advisory Council to the National Peanut Board. G. Lack has received research support from the Department of Health through the NIHR comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre award to Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust in partnership with King's College London and King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust; is on the DBV Technologies Scientific Advisory Board; has received consultancy fees from the Anaphylaxis Campaign and National Peanut Board; has received lecture fees from Sodilac, Novartis, Nestle Nutrition, GlaxoSmithKline, and Serono Symposia International Foundation; and has stock/options in DBV Technologies. The rest of the authors declare that they have no relevant conflicts of interest. NR 27 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 18 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 132 IS 3 BP 623 EP 629 DI 10.1016/j.jaci.2013.02.035 PG 7 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 207OS UT WOS:000323612000014 PM 23608728 ER PT J AU Jardine, KJ Meyers, K Abrell, L Alves, EG Serrano, AM Kesselmeier, J Karl, T Guenther, A Chambers, JQ Vickers, C AF Jardine, Kolby J. Meyers, Kimberly Abrell, Leif Alves, Eliane G. Yanez Serrano, Ana Maria Kesselmeier, Jurgen Karl, Thomas Guenther, Alex Chambers, Jeffrey Q. Vickers, Claudia TI Emissions of putative isoprene oxidation products from mango branches under abiotic stress SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY LA English DT Article DE 2-Methyl-3-buten-2-ol; 3-methyl furan; methacrolein; methyl vinyl ketone; reactive oxygen species; volatile organic compounds ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; REACTION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; COMPOUND EMISSIONS; ONLINE ANALYSIS; TRACE GASES; LEAVES; PLANTS; OXYGEN AB Although several per cent of net carbon assimilation can be re-released as isoprene emissions to the atmosphere by many tropical plants, much uncertainty remains regarding its biological significance. In a previous study, we detected emissions of isoprene and its oxidation products methyl vinyl ketone (MVK) and methacrolein (MACR) from tropical plants under high temperature/light stress, suggesting that isoprene is oxidized not only in the atmosphere but also within plants. However, a comprehensive analysis of the suite of isoprene oxidation products in plants has not been performed and production relationships with environmental stress have not been described. In this study, putative isoprene oxidation products from mango (Mangifera indica) branches under abiotic stress were first identified. High temperature/light and freezethaw treatments verified direct emissions of the isoprene oxidation products MVK and MACR together with the first observations of 3-methyl furan (3-MF) and 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol (MBO) as putative novel isoprene oxidation products. Mechanical wounding also stimulated emissions of MVK and MACR. Photosynthesis under (CO2)-C-13 resulted in rapid (< 30min) labelling of up to five carbon atoms of isoprene, with a similar labelling pattern observed in the putative oxidation products. These observations highlight the need to investigate further the mechanisms of isoprene oxidation within plants under stress and its biological and atmospheric significance. C1 [Jardine, Kolby J.; Chambers, Jeffrey Q.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Climate Sci Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Meyers, Kimberly] ARS, USDA, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Abrell, Leif] Univ Arizona, Dept Chem & Biochem, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Abrell, Leif] Univ Arizona, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Alves, Eliane G.; Yanez Serrano, Ana Maria] Inst Nacl de Pesquisas da Amazonia, Large Scale Biosphere Atmosphere Expt LBA, BR-69060001 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. [Yanez Serrano, Ana Maria; Kesselmeier, Jurgen] Max Planck Inst Chem, Biogeochem Dept, D-55020 Mainz, Germany. [Karl, Thomas] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Div Atmospher Chem, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Vickers, Claudia] Univ Queensland, Australian Inst Bioengn & Nanotechnol, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia. RP Jardine, KJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Climate Sci Dept, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Bldg 64,Room 241, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM kjjardine@lbl.gov RI Jardine, Kolby/N-2802-2013; Karl, Thomas/D-1891-2009; Vickers, Claudia/A-1288-2009; Chambers, Jeffrey/J-9021-2014; Kesselmeier, Jurgen/E-2389-2016; OI Jardine, Kolby/0000-0001-8491-9310; Karl, Thomas/0000-0003-2869-9426; Vickers, Claudia/0000-0002-0792-050X; Chambers, Jeffrey/0000-0003-3983-7847; Kesselmeier, Jurgen/0000-0002-4446-534X; YANEZ SERRANO, ANA MARIA/0000-0001-6408-5961; Abrell, Leif/0000-0003-2490-1180 FU Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Philecology Foundation of Fort Worth, Texas FX This research was supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the US Department of Energy under Contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231 as part of their Terrestrial Ecosystem Science Program. Additional funding for this project came from the Philecology Foundation of Fort Worth, Texas, and instrumentation support (CHE 0216226) from the US National Science Foundation. NR 59 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 32 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0022-0957 EI 1460-2431 J9 J EXP BOT JI J. Exp. Bot. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 64 IS 12 BP 3697 EP 3709 DI 10.1093/jxb/ert202 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 207DY UT WOS:000323578700012 PM 23881400 ER PT J AU Slattery, RA Ainsworth, EA Ort, DR AF Slattery, Rebecca A. Ainsworth, Elizabeth A. Ort, Donald R. TI A meta-analysis of responses of canopy photosynthetic conversion efficiency to environmental factors reveals major causes of yield gap SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Climate change; crop management; harvest index; meta-analysis; photosynthesis; radiation use efficiency; yield potential; yield gap ID RADIATION-USE-EFFICIENCY; ELEVATED CARBON-DIOXIDE; DRY-MATTER PRODUCTION; ARACHIS-HYPOGAEA L; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; OZONE CONCENTRATION; NITROGEN NUTRITION; LIGHT INTERCEPTION; SOLAR-RADIATION; WATER RELATIONS AB Improving plant energy conversion efficiency (e(c)) is crucial for increasing food and bioenergy crop production and yields. Using a meta-analysis, the effects of greenhouse gases, weather-related stresses projected to intensify due to climate change, and management practices including inputs, shading, and intercropping on e(c) were statistically quantified from 140 published studies to identify where improvements would have the largest impact on closing yield gaps. Variation in the response of e(c) to treatment type and dosage, plant characteristics, and growth conditions were also examined. Significant mean increases in e(c) were caused by elevated [CO2] (20%), shade (18%), and intercropping (15%). e(c) increased curvilinearly up to 55% with nitrogen additions whereas phosphorus application was most beneficial at low levels. Significant decreases in e(c) of 8.4% due to elevated [O-3], 16.8% due to water stress, and 6.5% due to foliar damage were found. A non-significant decrease in e(c) of 17.3% was caused by temperature stress. These results identify the need to engineer greater stress tolerance and enhanced responses to positive factors such as [CO2] and nitrogen to improve average yields and yield potential. Optimizing management strategies will also enhance the benefits possible with intercropping, shade, and pest resilience. To determine optimal practices for e(c) improvement, further studies should be conducted in the field since several responses were exaggerated by non-field experimental conditions. C1 [Slattery, Rebecca A.; Ainsworth, Elizabeth A.; Ort, Donald R.] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Slattery, Rebecca A.; Ainsworth, Elizabeth A.; Ort, Donald R.] Inst Genom Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Ainsworth, Elizabeth A.; Ort, Donald R.] USDA, Global Change & Photosynth Res Unit, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Ort, DR (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, 1206 West Gregory Dr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM d-ort@illinois.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service FX This work was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service. The authors acknowledge Courtney Leisner for her assistance during the process and all authors who contributed information upon request. NR 61 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 8 U2 117 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0022-0957 J9 J EXP BOT JI J. Exp. Bot. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 64 IS 12 BP 3723 EP 3733 DI 10.1093/jxb/ert207 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 207DY UT WOS:000323578700015 PM 23873996 ER PT J AU Jacques, PF Cassidy, A Rogers, G Peterson, JJ Meigs, JB Dwyer, JT AF Jacques, Paul F. Cassidy, Aedin Rogers, Gail Peterson, Julia J. Meigs, James B. Dwyer, Johanna T. TI Higher Dietary Flavonol Intake Is Associated with Lower Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID FOOD FREQUENCY QUESTIONNAIRE; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; INCREASING PREVALENCE; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; AMELIORATES HYPERGLYCEMIA; INSULIN SENSITIVITY; OXIDATIVE STRESS; MEAT CONSUMPTION; RISK-FACTORS; HEALTH AB Substantial experimental evidence suggests that several flavonoid classes are involved in glucose metabolism, but few clinical or epidemiologic studies exist that provide supporting human evidence for this relationship. The objective of this study was to determine if habitual intakes of specific flavonoid classes are related to incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D). We followed 2915 members of the Framingham Offspring cohort who were free of T2D at baseline from 1991 to 2008. Diabetes was defined by either elevated fasting glucose (>= 7.0 mmol/L) or initiation of hypoglycemic medication during follow-up. Dietary intakes of 6 flavonoid classes and total flavonoids were assessed using a validated, semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. We observed 308 incident cases of T2D during a mean follow-up period of 11.9 y (range 2.5-16.8 y). After multivariable adjusted, time-dependent analyses, which accounted for long-term flavonoid intake during follow-up, each 2.5-fold increase in flavonol intake was associated with a 26% lower incidence of T2D [HR = 0.74(95% Cl: 0.61, 0.90); P-trend = 0.003] and each 2.5-fold increase in flavan-3-ol intake was marginally associated with an 11% lower incidence of T2D [HR =. 0.89 (95% Cl: 0.80, 1.00); P-trend = 0.06]. No other associations between flavonoid classes and risk of T2D were observed. Our observations support previous experimental evidence of a possible beneficial relationship between increased flavonol intake and risk of T2D. C1 [Jacques, Paul F.; Rogers, Gail; Dwyer, Johanna T.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Jacques, Paul F.; Peterson, Julia J.; Dwyer, Johanna T.] Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Cassidy, Aedin] Univ E Anglia, Norwich Med Sch, Dept Nutr, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England. [Meigs, James B.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Div Gen Med, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Meigs, James B.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA USA. RP Jacques, PF (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM paul.jacques@tufts.edu OI Dwyer, Johanna/0000-0002-0783-1769 FU North American Branch of the International Life Sciences Institute; National Heart Lung and Blood Institute [N01-HC-25195]; National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases [K24 DK080140]; Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, UK; USDA Agricultural Research Service [58-1950-0-014] FX Supported by grants from the North American Branch of the International Life Sciences Institute, the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (contract N01-HC-25195), the National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases (K24 DK080140), the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, UK, and the USDA Agricultural Research Service (agreement 58-1950-0-014). This is a free access article, distributed under terms (http://www.nutrition.org/publications/guidelines-and-policies/license/) that permit unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. NR 54 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 23 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 EI 1541-6100 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 143 IS 9 BP 1474 EP 1480 DI 10.3945/jn.113.177212 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 205SX UT WOS:000323466200016 PM 23902957 ER PT J AU Meyer, RE Whitley, JT Morrow, WEM Stikeleather, LF Baird, CL Rice, JM Halbert, BV Styles, DK Whisnant, CS AF Meyer, Robert E. Whitley, Justin T. Morrow, William E. M. Stikeleather, L. F. Baird, C. L. Rice, J. M. Halbert, B. V. Styles, Darrel K. Whisnant, C. Scott TI Effect of physical and inhaled euthanasia methods on hormonal measures of stress in pigs SO JOURNAL OF SWINE HEALTH AND PRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE swine; inhaled gases; captive bolt; electrocution; euthanasia ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; WELFARE IMPLICATIONS; INHALATION ANESTHESIA; NEWBORN PIGLETS; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; PRE-SLAUGHTER; MEAT QUALITY; RATS; UNCONSCIOUSNESS; INDUCTION AB Objective: To determine the effect of physical and inhaled euthanasia methods on mean plasma levels of three hormonal stress indicators in young pigs. Materials and methods: Plasma concentrations of cortisol, norepinephrine, and lactate were determined immediately before and after two-step electrocution (n = 39; 7.1 +/- 0.5 kg), captive bolt (n = 61; 12.3 +/- 1.9 kg), 70% N-2/30% CO2 at a displacement rate equivalent to 20% of the chamber volume per minute (n = 16; 2.3 +/- 0.3 kg), and 100% CO2 at 10% (n = 4; 1.9 +/- 0.2 kg) and 20% (n = 12; 1.9 +/- 0.1 kg) chamber volume displacement rate per minute. Results: Mean cortisol concentrations did not differ following captive bolt, electrocution, and 70% N-2/30% CO2 or 100% CO2 at 20% of the chamber volume per minute (P > .05). The decrease in cortisol concentrations with 100% CO2 at 10% of the chamber volume per minute was different (P < .05) than the increase observed with 100% CO2 at 20% of the chamber volume per minute and different (P < .05) than the increase observed with captive bolt; however, differences were small. All methods increased mean lactate and norepinephrine concentrations post euthanasia, with no observed differences between methods. Times to loss of consciousness and loss of heartbeat were shorter with CO2 than with 70% N-2/30% CO2 (P < .05). Implications: Gradual displacement administration of CO2 and 70% N-2/30% CO2 produce similar plasma concentrations of stress indicators as physical euthanasia methods in young pigs. C1 [Meyer, Robert E.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Clin Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Whitley, Justin T.; Morrow, William E. M.; Whisnant, C. Scott] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Stikeleather, L. F.; Baird, C. L.; Rice, J. M.; Halbert, B. V.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Styles, Darrel K.] USDA APHIS Vet Serv, Natl Ctr Anim Hlth Emergency Management, Riverdale, MD USA. RP Meyer, RE (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Clin Sci, POB 6100, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM meyer@cvm.msstate.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture grant FX This study was supported by a United States Department of Agriculture grant. We also thank Drs Chad Stahl and Jack Odle, Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, for collecting blood samples from their pigs. NR 45 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 25 PU AMER ASSOC SWINE VETERINARIANS PI PERRY PA 902 1ST AVE, PERRY, IA 50220-1703 USA SN 1537-209X J9 J SWINE HEALTH PROD JI J. Swine. Health Prod. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 21 IS 5 BP 261 EP 269 PG 9 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 210AH UT WOS:000323801200007 ER PT J AU Haas, MJ Stroup, RL Latshaw, D AF Haas, Michael J. Stroup, Robert L. Latshaw, David TI Soybean Meal Retains Its Nutritional Value as an Animal Feed Following in Situ Transesterification SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Animal/poultry nutrition; Biofuels coproduct utilization; Biodiesel; In situ transesterification ID FATTY-ACID ESTERS; ALKALINE TRANSESTERIFICATION; BIODIESEL PRODUCTION; SEED OIL AB The lipid-depleted meal transesterified soybean meal (TSM) coproduct of the in situ transesterification of soybeans to produce biodiesel, and a reference commercial hexane-extracted soybean meal (HSM), were investigated as poultry feeds. In situ transesterification removed 95 % of the lipid from soybean flakes without destroying amino acids or affecting caloric content. Trypsin inhibitor in TSM was successfully denatured by a steam/heat treatment. Two groups of broiler chicks, each consisting of 300 birds (20/pen), were fed diets whose soy meal component was either TSM or HSM. A block design was used, a 'block' consisting of two adjacent pens, one receiving TSM and the other HSM. Starter formulation was fed from day 1 to 21 and grower formulation from day 22 to the end of the study on day 42. Chicks accepted both the TSM and HSM diets. No acute toxicities occurred. Over the course of the study weight gain, feed consumption and feed efficiency were comparable (p a parts per thousand yen 0.05) between the two test groups. Mortalities in the group receiving TSM exceeded those in the HSM group (6.8 vs. 3.4 %), but did not reach statistical significance. Histological examination of the livers of 40 birds sacrificed at the end of the study showed no evidence of pathology in either dietary group. Soybean meal subjected to in situ transesterification is an acceptable component of poultry diets. C1 [Haas, Michael J.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Stroup, Robert L.] RL Stroup Co Ltd, Troy, OH USA. [Latshaw, David] Ohio State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Haas, MJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM michael.haas@ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0003-021X J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 90 IS 9 BP 1343 EP 1349 DI 10.1007/s11746-013-2272-6 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 206EX UT WOS:000323501900007 ER PT J AU Winkler-Moser, JK Rennick, KA Hwang, HS Berhow, MA Vaughn, SF AF Winkler-Moser, Jill K. Rennick, Kathy A. Hwang, Hong-Sik Berhow, Mark A. Vaughn, Steven F. TI Effect of Tocopherols on the Anti-Polymerization Activity of Oryzanol and Corn Steryl Ferulates in Soybean Oil SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Steryl ferulates; Antioxidant; Frying; Soybean oil; Tocopherols; Polymerization; NMR ID GAMMA-ORYZANOL; ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES; OXIDATIVE STABILITY; COMPONENTS; ESTERS; RICE; BRAN; ACID; POLYMERIZATION; EXTRACTS AB Steryl ferulates (SFs) are ferulic acid esters of phytosterols and/or triterpene alcohols which have potential as frying oil antioxidants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-polymerization and antioxidant activity at frying temperatures of corn steryl ferulates (CSFs), rice steryl ferulates (oryzanol), and a mixture of CSFs with oryzanol, alone and with tocopherols. Antioxidant activity was measured by the reduction of polymerized triacylglycerol formation, and loss of olefinic and bisallylic protons from fatty acid double bonds by H-1 NMR. CSFs and oryzanol slowed the oxidation and polymerization of soybean oil triacylglycerols heated to 180 A degrees C more effectively than a mixture of alpha and gamma tocopherols. CSFs were more effective at preventing polymerization than oryzanol, but when oryzanol was combined with tocopherols, they all had similar antioxidant activity. In addition, tocopherols had a protective effect on SFs. Corn SFs were degraded more quickly during heating than oryzanol, however, the phytosterol constituents of corn SFs, sitostanol and campestanol, were actually more resistant to degradation compared to the phytosterol constituents of rice SFs. Results demonstrate that corn and rice SFs may be effective antioxidants for use in frying oils, and that their activity is enhanced in the presence of tocopherols. C1 [Winkler-Moser, Jill K.; Rennick, Kathy A.; Hwang, Hong-Sik; Berhow, Mark A.; Vaughn, Steven F.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Winkler-Moser, JK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Jill.moser@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 25 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0003-021X J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 90 IS 9 BP 1351 EP 1358 DI 10.1007/s11746-013-2279-z PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 206EX UT WOS:000323501900008 ER PT J AU Compton, DL Laszlo, JA Evans, KO AF Compton, David L. Laszlo, Joseph A. Evans, Kervin O. TI Influence of Solid Supports on Acyl Migration in 2-Monoacylglycerols: Purification of 2-MAG via Flash Chromatography SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Acyl migration; Flash chromatography; 2-Monoacylglycerol; Solid supports ID CANDIDA-ANTARCTICA LIPASE; STRUCTURED LIPIDS; ENZYMATIC-SYNTHESIS; SOYBEAN OIL; TRANSESTERIFICATION; ETHANOLYSIS; KINETICS AB Soybean oil 2-monoacylglycerol (2-MAG) was synthesized via the Novozym 435-catalyzed ethanolysis of triacylglycerols and purified by conventional liquid-liquid extraction. The 2-MAG was subjected to incubation at 20 and 40 A degrees C in the presence of five solid commercial support materials, Lewatit, Silica Gel 60, Alumina-Neutral Brockman Activity 1, Amberlyst-15, and SBA-15, to determine their effects on acyl migration rates. Lewatit and SBA-15 did not catalyze acyl migration rates after 144 h, while silica gel slightly increased migration rates. The more polar alumina and the cationic Amberlyst 15 significantly increased migration rates. Flash chromatography purification of 2-MAG using silica gel as the immobile phase developed with an acetone/hexane binary gradient proved to be a comparable purification method to liquid-liquid extraction, resulting in 60 % 2-MAG yield, no residual triacylglycerol, diacylglycerol, or glycerol co-products, and a 95 mol% 2-MAG purity vs. 1-MAG, demonstrating that flash chromatography did not catalyze acyl migration. C1 [Compton, David L.; Laszlo, Joseph A.; Evans, Kervin O.] ARS, Renewable Product Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Compton, DL (reprint author), ARS, Renewable Product Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM david.compton@ars.usda.gov NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 23 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0003-021X J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 90 IS 9 BP 1397 EP 1403 DI 10.1007/s11746-013-2274-4 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 206EX UT WOS:000323501900013 ER PT J AU Buuveibaatar, B Fuller, TK Fine, AE Chimeddorj, B Young, JK Berger, J AF Buuveibaatar, B. Fuller, T. K. Fine, A. E. Chimeddorj, B. Young, J. K. Berger, J. TI Changes in grouping patterns of saiga antelope in relation to intrinsic and environmental factors in Mongolia SO JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Saiga tatarica mongolica; social structure; season; group size; Mongolia ID GROUP-SIZE; HABITAT USE; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; FUNCTIONAL-RESPONSE; TATARICA-MONGOLICA; CENTRAL-ASIA; SIKA-DEER; CONSERVATION; SURVIVAL; ECOLOGY AB Factors that affect group sizes in large ungulates are generally poorly understood for species from remote regions. Understanding grouping patterns is important for effective species management, but is lacking for the endangered Mongolian saiga (Saiga tatarica mongolica). We studied seasonal changes in the group size and social structure of saigas in relation to environmental and anthropogenic factors in western Mongolia during 2009-2012. To identify group size and composition, we observed saigas monthly while conducting monitoring surveys, and weekly while tracking radio-collared animals. We observed 9268 individuals; median group size was 6.5 (se = 1.7; range = 1-121), and groups of 1-5 animals were most common. Seasonality exerted strong effects with the smallest groups in June and largest in December. The largest mixed and nursery groups formed during pre-rutting and summer seasons, respectively, but no seasonal differences were detected for bachelor groups. The best fitting model, including Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, predation rate and season as covariates, explained approximate to 76% of the variation in monthly typical' group size. Our results are concordant with studies of other arid-adapted ungulates and suggest vegetation productivity, predation rate and biological cycles are responsible for saiga grouping patterns in Mongolia. C1 [Buuveibaatar, B.; Fuller, T. K.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Buuveibaatar, B.; Fine, A. E.] Wildlife Conservat Soc, Mongolia Program, Ulaanbaatar, Mongol Peo Rep. [Chimeddorj, B.] World Wide Fund Nat, Mongolia Program Off, Ulaanbaatar, Mongol Peo Rep. [Young, J. K.] Utah State Univ, USDA WS Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Young, J. K.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Berger, J.] Univ Montana, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Berger, J.] Wildlife Conservat Soc, New York, NY USA. RP Buuveibaatar, B (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, 160 Holdsworth Way, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM bbayarba@eco.umass.edu FU Wildlife Conservation Society; World Wide Fund for Nature; Rufford Small Grants Foundation; EDGE Fellowship grant; Asia Seed Grants Program of Cleveland Metroparks Zoo FX This research was funded by the Wildlife Conservation Society, World Wide Fund for Nature, Rufford Small Grants Foundation, EDGE Fellowship grant, and Asia Seed Grants Program of Cleveland Metroparks Zoo. We thank Ts. Buyanbat, saiga ranger, for monitoring the marked animals and all of the research assistants who helped during the calving seasons; D. Odonkhuu for his help with the Geographic Information System and Remote Sensing analysis. NR 50 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 66 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0952-8369 J9 J ZOOL JI J. Zool. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 291 IS 1 BP 51 EP 58 DI 10.1111/jzo.12045 PG 8 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 206SE UT WOS:000323541900007 ER PT J AU Watson, AM Barrows, FT Place, AR AF Watson, Aaron M. Barrows, Frederic T. Place, Allen R. TI Taurine Supplementation of Plant Derived Protein and n-3 Fatty Acids are Critical for Optimal Growth and Development of Cobia, Rachycentron canadum SO LIPIDS LA English DT Article DE Aquaculture; Aquatic feeds; Cobia; Taurine; Fish oil replacement ID TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; FLOUNDER PARALICHTHYS-OLIVACEUS; FISH-MEAL; LIPID-LEVELS; DIETS; REPLACEMENT; FEED; OIL; THRAUSTOCHYTRIDS; REQUIREMENTS AB We examined growth performance and the lipid content in juvenile cobia, Rachycentron canadum, fed a taurine supplemented (1.5 %), plant protein based diet with two fish oil replacements. The first fish oil replacement was a thraustochytrid meal (TM + SOY) plus soybean oil (similar to 9 % CL) and the second was a canola oil supplemented with the essential fatty acids (EFA) docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (ARA) (similar to 8 % CL). The diet using the thraustochytrid meal plus soybean oil performed equivalently to the fish oil diet; both resulting in significantly higher growth rates, lower feed conversion ratios, and higher survival than the supplemented canola oil diet, even though all three diets were similar in overall energy and met known protein and lipid requirements for cobia. The poor performance of the canola oil diet was attributed to insufficient addition of EFA in the supplemented canola oil source. Increasing levels of EFA in the supplemented canola oil above 0.5 g EFA kg(-1) would likely improve results with cobia. When fish fed either of the fish oil replacement diets were switched to the fish oil control diet, fatty acid profiles of the fillets were observed to transition toward that of the fish oil diet and could be predicted based on a standard dilution model. Based on these findings, a formulated diet for cobia can be produced without fish products providing 100 % survivorship, specific growth rates greater than 2.45 and feed conversion ratios less than 1.5, as long as taurine is added and EFA levels are above 0.5 g EFA kg(-1). C1 [Watson, Aaron M.; Place, Allen R.] Univ Maryland, Inst Marine & Environm Technol, Ctr Environm Sci, Baltimore, MD 21202 USA. [Barrows, Frederic T.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. RP Watson, AM (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Inst Marine & Environm Technol, Ctr Environm Sci, 701 East Pratt St, Baltimore, MD 21202 USA. EM watsona@umces.edu FU NOAA National Marine Aquaculture Initiative [NA10OAR4170265] FX The authors would like thank the staff of the Aquaculture Research Center at the Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology; Steve Rodgers, Chris Tollini, Daria Battaglia, and Joy Harris. A special thanks to Ernest Williams and Hiro Nonogaki for laboratory assistance throughout the study and Jason Frost, USDA/ARS for assistance in manufacturing the experimental diets. The authors would also like to thank Dr. Upal Ghosh for PCB analysis and Dr. Andrew Heyes for mercury analysis. This work was partially funded by award #NA10OAR4170265 from the NOAA National Marine Aquaculture Initiative. The authors would also like to thank Gordon Bell and Douglas Tocher for pointing out the EFA deficiency in our canola oil diet formulation. This research was also supported in part by a generous gift from the Stolarz Foundation to A. W. This is contribution number #4776 from the University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, and contribution #13-110 from the Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology. NR 49 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 31 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0024-4201 J9 LIPIDS JI Lipids PD SEP PY 2013 VL 48 IS 9 BP 899 EP 913 DI 10.1007/s11745-013-3814-2 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 206GD UT WOS:000323505900006 PM 23884630 ER PT J AU Reese, GC Wilson, KR Flather, CH AF Reese, Gordon C. Wilson, Kenneth R. Flather, Curtis H. TI Program SimAssem: software for simulating species assemblages and estimating species richness SO METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE biodiversity; community ecology; landscape ecology; relative abundance distribution; simulation; spatial aggregation ID CAPTURE-RECAPTURE MODELS; ABUNDANCE PATTERNS; SAMPLE COVERAGE; POPULATION-SIZE; NONPARAMETRIC-ESTIMATION; SPATIAL HETEROGENEITY; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; RELATIVE ABUNDANCE; NUMBER; EXPLANATION AB 1. Species richness, the number of species in a defined area, is the most frequently used biodiversity measure. Despite its intuitive appeal and conceptual simplicity, species richness is often difficult to quantify, even in well-surveyed areas, because of sampling limitations such as survey effort and species detection probability. Nonparametric estimators have generally performed better than other options, but no particular estimator has consistently performed best across variation in assemblage and survey parameters. 2. In order to evaluate estimator performances, we developed the program SimAssem. SimAssem can: (i) simulate assemblages and surveys with user-specified parameters, (ii) process existing species encounter history files, (iii) generate species richness estimates not available in other programs and (iv) format encounter history data for several other programs. 3. SimAssem can help elucidate relationships between assemblage and survey parameters and the performance of species richness estimators, thereby increasing our understanding of estimator sensitivity, improving estimator development and defining the bounds for appropriate application. C1 [Reese, Gordon C.; Wilson, Kenneth R.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Flather, Curtis H.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Reese, GC (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM greese126@gmail.com RI Flather, Curtis/G-3577-2012 OI Flather, Curtis/0000-0002-0623-3126 NR 55 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2041-210X J9 METHODS ECOL EVOL JI Methods Ecol. Evol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 4 IS 9 BP 891 EP 896 DI 10.1111/2041-210X.12070 PG 6 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 209ED UT WOS:000323736200012 ER PT J AU Martin, MC Dabat-Blondeau, C Unger, M Sedlmair, J Parkinson, DY Bechtel, HA Illman, B Castro, JM Keiluweit, M Buschke, D Ogle, B Nasse, MJ Hirschmugl, CJ AF Martin, Michael C. Dabat-Blondeau, Charlotte Unger, Miriam Sedlmair, Julia Parkinson, Dilworth Y. Bechtel, Hans A. Illman, Barbara Castro, Jonathan M. Keiluweit, Marco Buschke, David Ogle, Brenda Nasse, Michael J. Hirschmugl, Carol J. TI 3D spectral imaging with synchrotron Fourier transform infrared spectro-microtomography SO NATURE METHODS LA English DT Article ID EMBRYONIC STEM-CELLS; SPATIAL-RESOLUTION PROPERTIES; FOCAL-PLANE ARRAY; NEURONAL DIFFERENTIATION; ZINNIA-ELEGANS; RECONSTRUCTION; SPECTROMICROSCOPY; MICROSPECTROSCOPY; TISSUE; FTIR AB We report Fourier transform infrared spectro-microtomography, a nondestructive three-dimensional imaging approach that reveals the distribution of distinctive chemical compositions throughout an intact biological or materials sample. The method combines mid-infrared absorption contrast with computed tomographic data acquisition and reconstruction to enhance chemical and morphological localization by determining a complete infrared spectrum for every voxel (millions of spectra determined per sample). C1 [Martin, Michael C.; Dabat-Blondeau, Charlotte; Parkinson, Dilworth Y.; Bechtel, Hans A.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source Div, Berkeley, CA USA. [Unger, Miriam; Hirschmugl, Carol J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI USA. [Sedlmair, Julia; Illman, Barbara] US Dept Agr Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI USA. [Sedlmair, Julia; Illman, Barbara] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Synchrotron Radiat Ctr, Stoughton, WI USA. [Castro, Jonathan M.] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Geosci, D-55122 Mainz, Germany. [Keiluweit, Marco] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA USA. [Buschke, David; Ogle, Brenda] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biomed Engn, Madison, WI USA. [Nasse, Michael J.] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Lab Applicat Synchrotron Radiat, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. RP Martin, MC (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source Div, Berkeley, CA USA. EM MCMartin@lbl.gov; cjhirsch@uwm.edu RI Parkinson, Dilworth/A-2974-2015 OI Parkinson, Dilworth/0000-0002-1817-0716 FU US National Science Foundation [MRI-0619759, CHE-1112433]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; University of Wisconsin-Madison; University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee FX Thanks to K. Krueger, M. Fisher and G. Rogers for outstanding machining skills and technical support. We also thank D. Ron for assistance on the spectral extractions. This work is based on research conducted at the IRENI beamline, whose construction and development was supported by the US National Science Foundation by award MRI-0619759. This work was supported by the US National Science Foundation under grant CHE-1112433. The ALS is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The SRC is primarily funded by the University of Wisconsin-Madison, with supplemental support from facility users and the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee. NR 40 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 6 U2 59 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1548-7091 J9 NAT METHODS JI Nat. Methods PD SEP PY 2013 VL 10 IS 9 BP 861 EP + DI 10.1038/NMETH.2596 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 209LX UT WOS:000323760000021 PM 23913258 ER PT J AU Tsikolia, M Bernier, UR Coy, MR Chalaire, KC Becnel, JJ Agramonte, NM Tabanca, N Wedge, DE Clark, GG Linthicum, KJ Swale, DR Bloomquist, JR AF Tsikolia, Maia Bernier, Ulrich R. Coy, Monique R. Chalaire, Katelyn C. Becnel, James J. Agramonte, Natasha M. Tabanca, Nurhayat Wedge, David E. Clark, Gary G. Linthicum, Kenneth J. Swale, Daniel R. Bloomquist, Jeffrey R. TI Insecticidal, repellent and fungicidal properties of novel trifluoromethylphenyl amides SO PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Pesticides; Plant pathogenic fungi; Trifluoromethylphenyl amides; Aedes aegypti; Anopheles albimanus; Drosophila melanogaster ID MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY; FEMALE MOSQUITOS; FLUORINE AB Twenty trifluoromethylphenyl amides were synthesized and evaluated as fungicides and as mosquito toxicants and repellents. Against Aedes aegypti larvae, N-(2,6-dichloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-3,5dinitrobenzamide (le) was the most toxic compound (24 h LC50 1940 nM), while against adults N-(2,6-dichloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroacetamide (1c) was most active (24 h LD50 19.182 nM, 0.5 mu L/insect). However, the 24 h LC50 and LD50 values of fipronil against Ae. aegypti larvae and adults were significantly lower: 13.55 nM and 0.787 x 10(-4) nM, respectively. Compound 1c was also active against Drosophila melanogaster adults with 24 h LC50 values of 5.6 and 4.9 mu g/cm(2) for the Oregon-R and 1675 strains, respectively. Fipronil had LC50 values of 0.004 and 0.017 mu g/cm(2) against the two strains of D. melanogaster, respectively. In repellency bioassays against female Ae. aegypti, 2,2,2-trifluoro-N-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)acetamide (4c) had the highest repellent potency with a minimum effective dosage (MED) of 0.039 mu mol/cm(2) compared to DEET (MED of 0.091 mu mol/cm(2)). Compound N(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)hexanamide (4a) had an MED of 0.091 mu mol/cm(2) which was comparable to DEET. Compound 4c was the most potent fungicide against Phomopsis obscurans. Several trends were discerned between the structural configuration of these molecules and the effect of structural changes on toxicity and repellency. Para- or meta- trifluoromethylphenyl amides with an aromatic ring attached to the carbonyl carbon showed higher toxicity against Ae. aegypti larvae, than ortho- trifluoromethylphenyl amides. Ortho- trifluoromethylphenyl amides with trifluoromethyl or alkyl group attached to the carbonyl carbon produced higher repellent activity against female Ae. aegypti and Anopheles albimanus than meta- or para- trifluoromethylphenyl amides. The presence of 2,6-dichloro- substitution on the phenyl ring of the amide had an influence on larvicidal and repellent activity of para- trifluoromethylphenyl amides. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Tsikolia, Maia; Bernier, Ulrich R.; Coy, Monique R.; Becnel, James J.; Agramonte, Natasha M.; Clark, Gary G.; Linthicum, Kenneth J.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Chalaire, Katelyn C.] Naval Air Stn, Navy Entomol Ctr Excellence, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. [Tabanca, Nurhayat] Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, Pharmaceut Sci Res Inst, University, MS 38677 USA. [Wedge, David E.] Univ Mississippi, USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. [Swale, Daniel R.; Bloomquist, Jeffrey R.] Univ Florida, Emerging Pathogens Inst, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. RP Tsikolia, M (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, 1600 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM maia.tsikolia@ars.usda.gov FU Deployed War-Fighter Protection Research Program; United States Department of Defense through Armed Forces Pest Management Board FX We thank Nathan Newlon and Gregory Allen (USDA-Agricultural Research Service-Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology) for laboratory technical support with the mosquito bioassays; J. Linda Robertson and Ramona Pace for assistance with the bioautography and microtiter assays; Nucleic Magnetic Resonance and Mass Spectrometry facilities of the University of Florida. This work was supported by the Deployed War-Fighter Protection Research Program and funded by the United States Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board. NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 28 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0048-3575 J9 PESTIC BIOCHEM PHYS JI Pest. Biochem. Physiol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 107 IS 1 BP 138 EP 147 DI 10.1016/j.pestbp.2013.06.006 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Physiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Physiology GA 209YA UT WOS:000323795300021 PM 25149248 ER PT J AU Duangpan, S Zhang, WL Wu, YF Jansky, SH Jiang, JM AF Duangpan, Saowapa Zhang, Wenli Wu, Yufang Jansky, Shelley H. Jiang, Jiming TI Insertional Mutagenesis Using Tnt1 Retrotransposon in Potato SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LEGUME MEDICAGO-TRUNCATULA; SPECIES SOLANUM-CHACOENSE; INHIBITOR SLI GENE; TOBACCO RETROTRANSPOSON; T-DNA; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; FUNCTIONAL GENOMICS; DIPLOID POTATO; SELF-COMPATIBILITY; REVERSE GENETICS AB Insertional mutagenesis using transfer DNA or transposable elements, which is an important tool in functional genomics and is well established in several crops, has not been developed in potato (Solanum tuberosum). Here, we report the application of the tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) Tnt1 retrotransposon as an insertional mutagen in potato. The Tnt1 retrotransposon was introduced into a highly homozygous and self-compatible clone, 523-3, of the diploid wild potato species Solanum chacoense. Transposition of the Tnt1 elements introduced into 523-3 can be efficiently induced by tissue culture. Tnt1 preferentially inserted into genic regions in the potato genome and the insertions were stable during sexual reproduction, making Tnt1 an ideal mutagen in potato. Several distinct phenotypes associated with plant stature and leaf morphology were discovered in mutation screening from a total of 38 families derived from Tnt1-containing lines. We demonstrate that the insertional mutagenesis system based on Tnt1 and the 523-3 clone can be expanded to the genome-wide level to potentially tag every gene in the potato genome. C1 [Duangpan, Saowapa; Zhang, Wenli; Wu, Yufang; Jansky, Shelley H.; Jiang, Jiming] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Jansky, Shelley H.] Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53606 USA. RP Jiang, JM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM jjiang1@wisc.edu RI Jiang, Jiming/A-9614-2009 FU National Science Foundation [IOS-1237969]; Strategic Scholarships for Frontier Research Network of Thailand's Commission on Higher Education; Hatch funds FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (grant no. IOS-1237969) and Hatch funds to J.J. and by the Strategic Scholarships for Frontier Research Network of Thailand's Commission on Higher Education to S.D. NR 42 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 163 IS 1 BP 21 EP 29 DI 10.1104/pp.113.221903 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 209LS UT WOS:000323759200003 PM 23898040 ER PT J AU Bajwa, VS Wang, XF Blackburn, RK Goshe, MB Mitra, SK Williams, EL Bishop, GJ Krasnyanski, S Allen, G Huber, SC Clouse, SD AF Bajwa, Vikramjit S. Wang, Xiaofeng Blackburn, R. Kevin Goshe, Michael B. Mitra, Srijeet K. Williams, Elisabeth L. Bishop, Gerard J. Krasnyanski, Sergei Allen, George Huber, Steven C. Clouse, Steven D. TI Identification and Functional Analysis of Tomato BRI1 and BAK1 Receptor Kinase Phosphorylation Sites SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BRASSINOSTEROID SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; GENE-EXPRESSION; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; INTERACTING PROTEIN; PLANT DEVELOPMENT; STRUCTURAL BASIS; STEROID-HORMONE; IN-VITRO; GROWTH AB Brassinosteroids (BRs) are plant hormones that are perceived at the cell surface by a membrane-bound receptor kinase, BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE1 (BRI1). BRI1 interacts with BRI1-ASSOCIATED RECEPTOR KINASE1 (BAK1) to initiate a signal transduction pathway in which autophosphorylation and transphosphorylation of BRI1 and BAK1, as well as phosphorylation of multiple downstream substrates, play critical roles. Detailed mechanisms of BR signaling have been examined in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), but the role of BRI1 and BAK1 phosphorylation in crop plants is unknown. As a foundation for understanding the mechanism of BR signaling in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), we used liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to identify multiple in vitro phosphorylation sites of the tomato BRI1 and BAK1 cytoplasmic domains. Kinase assays showed that both tomato BRI1 and BAK1 are active in autophosphorylation as well as transphosphorylation of each other and specific peptide substrates with a defined sequence motif. Site-directed mutagenesis revealed that the highly conserved kinase domain activation loop residue threonine-1054 was essential for tomato BRI1 autophosphorylation and peptide substrate phosphorylation in vitro. Furthermore, analysis of transgenic lines expressing full-length tomato BRI1-Flag constructs in the weak tomato bri1 allele, curl3(-abs1), demonstrated that threonine-1054 is also essential for normal BRI1 signaling and tomato growth in planta. Finally, we cloned the tomato ortholog of TGF-beta Receptor Interacting Protein (TRIP1), which was previously shown to be a BRI1-interacting protein and kinase domain substrate in Arabidopsis, and found that tomato TRIP1 is a substrate of both tomato BRI1 and BAK1 kinases in vitro. C1 [Bajwa, Vikramjit S.; Wang, Xiaofeng; Mitra, Srijeet K.; Krasnyanski, Sergei; Allen, George; Clouse, Steven D.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Blackburn, R. Kevin; Goshe, Michael B.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mol & Struct Biochem, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Williams, Elisabeth L.] Univ Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England. [Bishop, Gerard J.] East Malling Res, East Malling ME19 6BJ, Kent, England. [Huber, Steven C.] Univ Illinois, USDA ARS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Clouse, SD (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM steve_clouse@ncsu.edu FU National Science Foundation [MCB-0742411, DBI-0619250]; U.S. Department of Agriculture Competitive Grants Program [NRI 2004-35304-14930]; North Carolina Agricultural Research Service FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (grant nos. MCB-0742411 and DBI-0619250), the U.S. Department of Agriculture Competitive Grants Program (grant no. NRI 2004-35304-14930), and the North Carolina Agricultural Research Service. NR 51 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 37 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 EI 1532-2548 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 163 IS 1 BP 30 EP 42 DI 10.1104/pp.113.221465 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 209LS UT WOS:000323759200004 PM 23843605 ER PT J AU Kobayashi, Y Kobayashi, Y Watanabe, T Shaff, JE Ohta, H Kochian, LV Wagatsuma, T Kinraide, TB Koyama, H AF Kobayashi, Yasufumi Kobayashi, Yuriko Watanabe, Toshihiro Shaff, Jon E. Ohta, Hiroyuki Kochian, Leon V. Wagatsuma, Tadao Kinraide, Thomas B. Koyama, Hiroyuki TI Molecular and Physiological Analysis of Al3+ and H+ Rhizotoxicities at Moderately Acidic Conditions SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ALUMINUM TOLERANCE; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; ROOT-GROWTH; LOW-PH; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT; LANDSBERG ERECTA; CALCIUM; PROTEIN; PROTON; SODIUM AB Al3+ and H+ toxicities predicted to occur at moderately acidic conditions (pH [water] = 5-5.5) in low-Ca soils were characterized by the combined approaches of computational modeling of electrostatic interactions of ions at the root plasma membrane (PM) surface and molecular/physiological analyses in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Root growth inhibition in known hypersensitive mutants was correlated with computed {Al3+} at the PM surface ({Al3+}(PM)); inhibition was alleviated by increased Ca, which also reduced {Al3+}(PM) and correlated with cellular Al responses based on expression analysis of genes that are markers for Al stress. The Al-inducible Al tolerance genes ALUMINUM-ACTIVATED MALATE TRANSPORTER1 and ALUMINUM SENSITIVE3 were induced by levels of {Al3+}(PM) too low to inhibit root growth in tolerant genotypes, indicating that protective responses are triggered when {Al3+}(PM) was below levels that can initiate injury. Modeling of the H+ sensitivity of the SENSITIVE TO PROTON RHIZOTOXICITY1 knockout mutant identified a Ca alleviation mechanism of H+ rhizotoxicity, possibly involving stabilization of the cell wall. The phosphatidate phosphohydrolase1 (pah1) pah2 double mutant showed enhanced Al susceptibility under low-P conditions, where greater levels of negatively charged phospholipids in the PM occur, which increases {Al3+}(PM) through increased PM surface negativity compared with wild-type plants. Finally, we found that the nonalkalinizing Ca fertilizer gypsum improved the tolerance of the sensitive genotypes in moderately acidic soils. These findings fit our modeling predictions that root toxicity to Al3+ and H+ in moderately acidic soils involves interactions between both toxic ions in relation to Ca alleviation. C1 [Kobayashi, Yasufumi; Kobayashi, Yuriko; Koyama, Hiroyuki] Gifu Univ, Fac Appl Biol Sci, Gifu 5011193, Japan. [Watanabe, Toshihiro] Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Agr, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0608589, Japan. [Shaff, Jon E.; Kochian, Leon V.] Cornell Univ, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Ohta, Hiroyuki] Tokyo Inst Technol, Ctr Biol Resources & Informat, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2268501, Japan. [Wagatsuma, Tadao] Yamagata Univ, Fac Agr, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 9978555, Japan. [Kinraide, Thomas B.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Farming Syst Res Ctr, Beaver, WV 25813 USA. RP Koyama, H (reprint author), Gifu Univ, Fac Appl Biol Sci, Gifu 5011193, Japan. EM koyama@gifu-u.ac.jp RI Ohta, Hiroyuki/B-1840-2014; OI Kochian, Leon/0000-0003-3416-089X; Koyama, Hiroyuki/0000-0001-7139-9782 FU Japan Society for the Promotion of Science FX This work was supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (to H.K.). NR 39 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 53 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 163 IS 1 BP 180 EP 192 DI 10.1104/pp.113.222893 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 209LS UT WOS:000323759200015 PM 23839867 ER PT J AU Jang, NR Kim, HR Hou, CT Kim, BS AF Jang, Na Ri Kim, Hak-Ryul Hou, Ching T. Kim, Beom Soo TI Novel biobased photo-crosslinked polymer networks prepared from vegetable oil and 2,5-furan diacrylate SO POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES LA English DT Article DE vegetable oil; 2,5-furan diacrylate; photo-crosslinked polymer network; environmentally friendly; biobased ID ACID AB Novel biobased crosslinked polymer networks were prepared from vegetable oil with 2,5-furan diacrylate as a difunctional stiffener through UV photopolymerization, and the mechanical properties of the resulting films were evaluated. The vegetable oil raw materials used were acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO), acrylated castor oil (ACO), and acrylated 7,10-dihydroxy-8(E)-octadecenoic acid (ADOD). 2,5-Furan dicarboxylic acid (FDCA), which can be synthesized through the oxidative dehydration of C6 sugars, was identified by the US Department of Energy as one of 12 priority chemicals for establishing the green chemistry industry of the future. 2,5-Furan dimethanol (bis-hydroxymethylfuran), which can be derived from FDCA, was used as a starting material to synthesize 2,5-furan diacrylate, which was used as a biobased comonomer along with AESO, ACO, or ADOD to form photo-crosslinked polymer networks. The synthesis of acrylate derivatives was confirmed using FT-IR and H-1-NMR spectroscopic techniques. The composition of the reaction mixture was changed to obtain crosslinked polymer networks with various mechanical properties. The addition of 2,5-furan diacrylate increased the tensile strengths of the polymer films by up to 1.4-4.2 times relative to those obtained without the addition. These fully biobased polymers derived from vegetable oil and sugar can be used as environmentally friendly renewable materials for various applications to replace the existing petroleum-based polymers currently used. Copyright (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Jang, Na Ri; Kim, Beom Soo] Chungbuk Natl Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Cheongju 361763, Chungbuk, South Korea. [Kim, Hak-Ryul] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Anim Sci & Biotechnol, Taegu 702701, South Korea. [Hou, Ching T.] ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Kim, BS (reprint author), Chungbuk Natl Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Cheongju 361763, Chungbuk, South Korea. EM bskim@chungbuk.ac.kr FU National Research Foundation [2008-0060849]; Ministry of Knowledge Economy (MKE); Korea Institute for Advancement in Technology (KIAT) FX This work was supported by grant No. 2008-0060849 from the Basic Research Program of the National Research Foundation and by the Ministry of Knowledge Economy (MKE) and the Korea Institute for Advancement in Technology (KIAT) through the Workforce Development Program in Strategic Technology. NR 11 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 45 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1042-7147 J9 POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL JI Polym. Adv. Technol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 24 IS 9 BP 814 EP 818 DI 10.1002/pat.3147 PG 5 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 206RO UT WOS:000323540000005 ER PT J AU Liu, N Ren, H Yuan, SF Guo, QF Yang, L AF Liu, Nan Ren, Hai Yuan, Sufen Guo, Qinfeng Yang, Long TI Testing the Stress-Gradient Hypothesis During the Restoration of Tropical Degraded Land Using the Shrub Rhodomyrtus tomentosa as a Nurse Plant SO RESTORATION ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE abiotic stress; facilitation; plant-plant interaction; reforestation; woody plants ID POSITIVE INTERACTIONS; SOUTH CHINA; FACILITATION; COMMUNITIES; COMPETITION; SEEDLINGS; SURVIVAL; DESERT; GROWTH; SOILS AB The relative importance of facilitation and competition between pairwise plants across abiotic stress gradients as predicted by the stress-gradient hypothesis has been confirmed in arid and temperate ecosystems, but the hypothesis has rarely been tested in tropical systems, particularly across nutrient gradients. The current research examines the interactions between a pioneer shrub Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (the nurse plant) and seedlings of a transplanted native woody Schima superba (the target species) in a tropical system in which position on a slope corresponds with a nutrient gradient; high soil nutrients at the slope bottom and relatively low soil nutrients at the slope top. In contrast, soil physical traits were more favorable for seedling growth under the shrub than in open spaces. The effect of R. tomentosa on S. superba survival was positive (facilitation) at the top of the slope, as indicated by the relative interaction index (RII), but negative in the bottom (competition). RII indicated a positive effect on seedling height at the top of the slope but was not at the bottom. Seedling survival was positively related to soil nutrient level and negatively related to soil acidity, but seedling growth of S. superba seemed to be enhanced by the shrub canopy. Thus, the results seem to support stress-gradient hypothesis in terms of target species survival but not growth. We suggest using the shrub as a nurse plant in forest restoration in tropical degraded land with caution because not all of its effects on target species are positive. C1 [Liu, Nan; Ren, Hai; Yuan, Sufen] Chinese Acad Sci, South China Bot Garden, Key Lab Vegetat Restorat & Management Degraded Ec, Guangzhou 510650, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Guo, Qinfeng] Eastern Forest Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, USDA FS, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. [Yang, Long] Guangzhou Inst Geog, Guangzhou 510070, Guangdong, Peoples R China. RP Ren, H (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, South China Bot Garden, Key Lab Vegetat Restorat & Management Degraded Ec, Guangzhou 510650, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM renhai@scbg.ac.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31270013] FX This research was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31270013). The authors are grateful to their colleagues in Heshan National Field Research Station of Forest Ecosystems and Xiaoliang Tropical Forest Long-Term Ecosystem Research Station, especially to Z. F. Lin, Z. A. Li and X. Gou for experimental design guidance, to H. L. Zhang for soil chemical analyses and to K. M. Liang, L. L. Guan, B. Zou, G. Wang, Y. B. Ma and Z. Li for field assistance. The authors are also thankful for the comments from S. Yates, J. Parrotta, B. Jaffee and three anonymous reviewers on the early version of this manuscript. Also, thanks are extended to J. Brown for assistance with language editing. NR 38 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 42 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1061-2971 J9 RESTOR ECOL JI Restor. Ecol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 21 IS 5 BP 578 EP 584 DI 10.1111/j.1526-100X.2012.00937.x PG 7 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 209DN UT WOS:000323734500008 ER PT J AU Goncalves-Vidigal, MC Cruz, AS Lacanallo, G Vidigal, PS Sousa, LL Pacheco, CMNA McClean, P Gepts, P Pastor-Corrales, MA AF Goncalves-Vidigal, M. C. Cruz, A. S. Lacanallo, G. F. Vidigal Filho, P. S. Sousa, L. L. Pacheco, C. M. N. A. McClean, P. Gepts, P. Pastor-Corrales, M. A. TI Co-segregation analysis and mapping of the anthracnose Co-10 and angular leaf spot Phg-ON disease-resistance genes in the common bean cultivar Ouro Negro SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS L.; INTEGRATED LINKAGE MAP; COLLETOTRICHUM-LINDEMUTHIANUM; ALLELIC RELATIONSHIPS; MOLECULAR MARKERS; CLUSTER; IDENTIFICATION; INHERITANCE; RUST; LOCI AB Anthracnose (ANT) and angular leaf spot (ALS) are devastating diseases of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Ouro Negro is a highly productive common bean cultivar, which contains the Co-10 and Phg-ON genes for resistance to ANT and ALS, respectively. In this study, we performed a genetic co-segregation analysis of resistance to ANT and ALS using an F-2 population from the Ruda x Ouro Negro cross and the F-2:3 families from the AND 277 x Ouro Negro cross. Ouro Negro is resistant to races 7 and 73 of the ANT and race 63-39 of the ALS pathogens. Conversely, cultivars AND 277 and Ruda are susceptible to races 7 and 73 of ANT, respectively. Both cultivars are susceptible to race 63-39 of ALS. Co-segregation analysis revealed that Co-10 and Phg-ON were inherited together, conferring resistance to races 7 and 73 of ANT and race 63-39 of ALS. The Co-10 and Phg-ON genes were co-segregated and were tightly linked at a distance of 0.0 cM on chromosome Pv04. The molecular marker g2303 was linked to Co-10 and Phg-ON at a distance of 0.0 cM. Because of their physical linkage in a cis configuration, the Co-10 and Phg-ON resistance alleles are inherited together and can be monitored with great efficiency using g2303. The close linkage between the Co-10 and Phg-ON genes and prior evidence are consistent with the existence of a resistance gene cluster at one end of chromosome Pv04, which also contains the Co-3 locus and ANT resistance quantitative trait loci. These results will be very useful for breeding programs aimed at developing bean cultivars with ANT and ALS resistance using marker-assisted selection. C1 [Goncalves-Vidigal, M. C.; Cruz, A. S.; Lacanallo, G. F.; Vidigal Filho, P. S.; Sousa, L. L.; Pacheco, C. M. N. A.] Univ Estadual Maringa, Dept Agron, BR-87020900 Maringa, Parana, Brazil. [McClean, P.] N Dakota State Univ, Genom & Bioinformat Program, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Gepts, P.] Univ Calif Davis, Sect Crop & Ecosyst Sci, Dept Plant Sci MS1, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Pastor-Corrales, M. A.] USDA ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, BARC West, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Pastor-Corrales, MA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, BARC West, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM talo.pastor-corrales@ars.usda.gov RI Sousa, Lorenna/J-5740-2015 FU National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq); Capes; CNPq FX This research was financially supported by the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq). Anelise S. Cruz was supported by a scholarship from Capes. We would like to thank Andressa Goncalves Vidigal for additional review of the manuscript. M. C. Goncalves-Vidigal and P. S. Vidigal Filho are grateful for grants from CNPq. NR 65 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 22 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 126 IS 9 BP 2245 EP 2255 DI 10.1007/s00122-013-2131-8 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 208IJ UT WOS:000323671100004 PM 23760652 ER PT J AU Dubey, JP Hill, D Zarlenga, D Choudhary, S Ferreira, LR Oliveira, S Verma, SK Kwok, OCH Driscoll, CP Spiker, H Su, C AF Dubey, J. P. Hill, D. Zarlenga, D. Choudhary, S. Ferreira, L. R. Oliveira, S. Verma, S. K. Kwok, O. C. H. Driscoll, C. P. Spiker, H. Su, C. TI Isolation and characterization of new genetic types of Toxoplasma gondii and prevalence of Trichinella murrelli from black bear (Ursus americanus) SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Toxoplasma gondii; Trichinella murrelli; Black bear (Ursus americanus); USA ID UNITED-STATES; SEROLOGIC SURVEY; CONGENITAL TOXOPLASMOSIS; SCAVENGING MAMMALS; NORTH-AMERICA; PENNSYLVANIA; TRICHINOSIS; INFECTION; GENOTYPE; WILDLIFE AB Black bears (Ursus americanus) are hosts for two important zoonotic parasites, Toxoplasma gondii and Trichinella spp. and bears are hunted for human consumption in the USA. Little is known of the genetic diversity of T. gondii circulating in wildlife. In the present study, antibodies-to T. gondii were found in juice-from-tongues of 17 (25.7%) of 66 wild black bear from Maryland during the hunting season of 2010 and 2011. Antibodies to T. gondii were assessed by the modified agglutination test. Tongues of 17 seropositive bears were bioassayed in mice and viable T. gondii was isolated from three samples. These three T. gondii isolates (TgBbMd1-3) were further propagated in cell culture and DNA isolated from culture-derived tachyzoites was characterized using 11 PCR-RFLP markers (SAG1, 5'- and 3'-SAG2, alt.SAG2, SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, c22-8, c29-2, L358, PK1 and Apico). Results revealed three genotypes. TgBbMd1 is a Type 12 strain (ToxoDB PCR-RFLP genotype #4) and TgBbMd2 is ToxoDB PCR-RFLP genotype #216, and TgBbMd3 is a Type II clonal strain (ToxoDB PCR-RFLP genotype #1). The isolate TgBbMd2 was highly virulent for outbred Swiss Webster mice; all infected mice died of acute toxoplasmosis. Results indicate that mouse virulent strains of T. gondii are circulating in wildlife in the USA. These 66 tongues in addition to tongues collected during hunts in previous years were further investigated for the presence of muscle larvae of Trichinella spp. Tongues from 40 bears in 2005,41 in 2006, 51 in 2007, 56 in 2008, 68 in 2009, 67 in 2010, and 66 in 2011 were subjected to digestion with pepsin/HCl and microscopic examination. Two bears were infected with Trichinella spp.; one in 2008 and one in 2009. Genotyping of collected muscle larvae revealed that the infecting species in both cases was Trichinella murrelli. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Dubey, J. P.; Hill, D.; Zarlenga, D.; Choudhary, S.; Ferreira, L. R.; Oliveira, S.; Verma, S. K.; Kwok, O. C. H.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Driscoll, C. P.] Maryland Dept Nat Resources, Cooperat Oxford Lab, Fish & Wildlife Hlth Program, Oxford, MD 21654 USA. [Spiker, H.] Mt Nebo Wildlife Management Area, Maryland Dept Nat Resources, Wildlife & Heritage Serv, Oakland, MD 21550 USA. [Su, C.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Microbiol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov RI Su, Chunlei/M-1892-2013; Oliveira , Solange/B-7544-2014 OI Su, Chunlei/0000-0001-8392-7108; NR 53 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD SEP 1 PY 2013 VL 196 IS 1-2 BP 24 EP 30 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.02.007 PG 7 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 205UB UT WOS:000323469200005 PM 23537944 ER PT J AU Santin, M Vecino, JAC Fayer, R AF Santin, Monica Cortes Vecino, Jesus A. Fayer, Ronald TI A large scale molecular study of Giardia duodenalis in horses from Colombia SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Assemblage; Genotype; Giardia duodenalis; Horse; PCR; Prevalence ID FECAL SAMPLES; PARASITOLOGICAL EXAMINATIONS; EQUINE CRYPTOSPORIDIUM; ZOONOTIC TRANSMISSION; PREVALENCE; DOGS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; IDENTIFICATION; INFECTIONS; ASSEMBLAGE AB The prevalence of Giardia duodenalis assemblages in horses is poorly known. The present study examined feces from 195 horses, 1 month-17 years of age, in 4 locations in Colombia. Prevalence of infection was determined by PCR and all positives were sequenced to determine the genotypes. Thirty four (17.4%) horses were found positive. This is the first report of G. duodenalis in horses from Colombia. Prevalence in female and male horses was 18.9% and 15.1%, respectively. Prevalence in horses <1 year of age and horses >1 year of age was 21.1% and 15.1%, respectively. Molecular characterization using the beta giardin (bg), glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh), triose phosphate isomerase (tpi), and small subunit ribosomal RNA (ssurRNA) genes identified G. duodenalis Assemblages A and B, the assemblages regarded as zoonotic. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Santin, Monica; Fayer, Ronald] ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Cortes Vecino, Jesus A.] Univ Nacl Colombia, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Lab Parasitol Vet, Bogota, DC, Colombia. RP Santin, M (reprint author), ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. EM monica.santin-duran@ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 EI 1873-2550 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD SEP 1 PY 2013 VL 196 IS 1-2 BP 31 EP 36 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.02.006 PG 6 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 205UB UT WOS:000323469200006 PM 23474231 ER PT J AU Fernandez-Aguilar, X Alzaga, V Villanua, D Cabezon, O Garcia-Bocanegra, I Dubey, JP Almeria, S AF Fernandez-Aguilar, X. Alzaga, V. Villanua, D. Cabezon, O. Garcia-Bocanegra, I. Dubey, J. P. Almeria, S. TI Epidemiology and prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in the Iberian hare (Lepus granatensis) SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Toxoplasma gondii; Iberian hare; Lepus granatensis; Seroprevalence; Spain ID EUROPEAN BROWN HARES; RABBIT ORYCTOLAGUS-CUNICULUS; NEOSPORA-CANINUM; MOUNTAIN HARES; EUROPAEUS P; TIMIDUS; WILD; ANTIBODIES; SPAIN AB Hares are important game species in Europe and their meat is consumed by humans. Toxoplasmosis is an important cause of mortality in hares in Nordic countries but little is known of Toxoplasma gondii infection in the Iberian hare (Lepus granatensis). Sera from 298 Iberian hares from Navarra (North Spain) were assayed for antibodies against against T. gondii by the modified agglutination test. The samples were collected at necropsy during three consecutive years (2009-2011). Titers of 1:25 and higher were found in 34 hares (11.4%; CI95%: 7.8-14.9). Significant differences in seroprevalence were observed among geographical areas, years of sampling and age groups. The highest seroprevalence and the highest titers were observed in 2009, indicating fluctuating rates of transmission. Significantly higher seroprevalence was observed in the juvenile age group compared to the adult hare group. More than 40% of juvenile hares were seropositive the first year of study, seroprevalence drastically decreased in the juvenile animals sampled in the second year and was negligible in those sampled in the third year in this group. No clinical cases were detected in the study area and T. gondii was not detected by PCR in the liver of the 34 seropositive hares tested. These data may indicate that most juvenile seropositive hares did not survive as adults in the consecutive year or that there is a short-term humoral immune response against T. gondii in Iberian hares. (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Fernandez-Aguilar, X.; Cabezon, O.] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Fac Vet, Dept Med & Cirurgia Anim, Serv Ecopatol Fauna Salvatge, Bellaterra, Spain. [Alzaga, V.; Villanua, D.] Gest Ambiental Navarra SA, Pamplona, Spain. [Garcia-Bocanegra, I.] Univ Cordoba, Fac Vet, Dept Sanidad Anim, Cordoba, Spain. [Dubey, J. P.] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Almeria, S.] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Fac Vet, Dept Sanitat & Anat Anim, Bellaterra, Spain. [Almeria, S.] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Ctr Recerca Sanitat Anim CReSA, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. RP Almeria, S (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Ctr Recerca Sanitat Anim CReSA, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. EM Sonia.Almeria@uab.cat RI Almeria, Sonia/N-4663-2014; Cabezon, Oscar/L-3812-2014 OI Almeria, Sonia/0000-0002-0558-5488; Fernandez-Aguilar, Xavier/0000-0002-4939-6048; Cabezon, Oscar/0000-0001-7543-8371 FU Bardenas Reales Biosphere Reserve and Natural Park; MARM of the Spanish Government FX This study was supported by the Bardenas Reales Biosphere Reserve and Natural Park with funds from the MARM of the Spanish Government. We would like to thank A. Urmeneta and J.M. Agramonte for promoting this study and the Navarra Government for making it possible (A. Palacios and E. Castien). Special thanks to A. Cormenzana, J. Torres, I. Leranoz and the Bardenas Reales gamekeepers and hunter associations. We also thank Paul Cairns for assistance with English grammar. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD SEP 1 PY 2013 VL 196 IS 1-2 BP 194 EP 198 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.01.061 PG 5 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 205UB UT WOS:000323469200029 PM 23462253 ER PT J AU Dubey, JP Choudhary, S Tilahun, G Tiao, N Gebreyes, WA Zou, X Su, C AF Dubey, J. P. Choudhary, S. Tilahun, G. Tiao, N. Gebreyes, W. A. Zou, X. Su, C. TI Genetic diversity of Toxoplasma gondii isolates from Ethiopian feral cats SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Toxoplasma gondii; Ethiopia; Cats; Genotyping ID CONGENITAL TOXOPLASMOSIS; CLONAL LINEAGES; HIGH PREVALENCE; NORTH-AMERICA; GENOTYPES; WILDLIFE; ANIMALS AB Recent studies indicate greater genetic variability among isolates of Toxoplasma gondii worldwide than previously thought. However, there is no information on genetic diversity of T. gondii from any host in Ethiopia. In the present study, genotyping was performed on viable T. gondii isolates by bioassays in mice from tissues and feces of 27 cats from Ethiopia. Viable T. gondii was isolated from hearts of 26 cats, feces alone of 1 cat, and feces and tissues of 6 cats; in total there were 33 isolates. Genotyping was performed on DNA from cell-cultured derived T. gondii tachyzoites and by using 10 PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism markers (SAG1, SAG2, SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, c22-8, c29-2, 1.358, PK1, and Apico). Four genotypes were recognized, including ToxoDB #1 (Type II clonal, nine isolates), ToxoDB #2 (Type III, five isolates), Toxo DB #3 (Type II variant, ten isolates), and ToxoDB #20 (nine isolates). Of interest is the isolation of different genotypes from tissues and feces of two cats, suggesting re-infection or mixed strain T. gondii infection. These findings are of epidemiological significance with respect to shedding of oocysts by cats. This is the first report of genotyping of T. gondii from any host in Ethiopia. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Dubey, J. P.; Choudhary, S.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Tilahun, G.] Univ Addis Ababa, Aklilu Lemma Inst Pathobiol, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [Tiao, N.; Gebreyes, W. A.] Ohio State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Prevent Med, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Zou, X.; Su, C.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Microbiol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Bldg 1001, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov RI Su, Chunlei/M-1892-2013 OI Su, Chunlei/0000-0001-8392-7108 NR 22 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD SEP 1 PY 2013 VL 196 IS 1-2 BP 206 EP 208 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.01.015 PG 3 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 205UB UT WOS:000323469200032 PM 23411374 ER PT J AU Dubey, JP Sundar, N Kwok, OCH Saville, WJA AF Dubey, J. P. Sundar, N. Kwok, O. C. H. Saville, W. J. A. TI Sarcocystis neurona infection in gamma interferon gene knockout (KO) mice: Comparative infectivity of sporocysts in two strains of KO mice, effect of trypsin digestion on merozoite viability, and infectivity of bradyzoites to KO mice and cell culture SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Sarcocystis neurona; Life cycle; Bradyzoite; Sporozoite; Knockout mouse ID OPOSSUMS DIDELPHIS-VIRGINIANA; NEUROLOGIC-DISEASE; INTERMEDIATE HOST; EXPERIMENTAL INDUCTION; MYELOENCEPHALITIS EPM; PROCYON-LOTOR; LIFE-CYCLE; TRANSMISSION; INOCULATION; MIGRATION AB The protozoan Sarcocystis neurona is the primary cause of Equine Protozoal Myeloencephalitis (EPM). EPM or EPM-like illness has been reported in horses, sea otters, and several other mammals. The gamma interferon gene knockout (1K) mouse is often used as a model to study biology and discovery of new therapies against S. neurona because it is difficult to induce clinical EPM in other hosts, including horses. In the present study, infectivity of three life cycle stages (merozoites, bradyzoites, sporozoites) to KO mice and cell culture was studied. Two strains of KO mice (C57-black, and BALB/c-derived, referred here as black or white) were inoculated orally graded doses of S. neurona sporocysts; 12 sporocysts were infective to both strains of mice and all infected mice died or became ill within 70 days post-inoculation. Although there was no difference in infectivity of sporocysts to the two strains of KO mice, the disease was more severe in black mice. S. neurona bradyzoites were not infectious to KO mice and cell culture. S. neurona merozoites survived 120 min incubation in 0.25% trypsin, indicating that trypsin digestion can be used to recover S. neurona from tissues of acutely infected animals. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Dubey, J. P.; Sundar, N.; Kwok, O. C. H.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Saville, W. J. A.] Ohio State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Prevent Med, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Bldg 1001, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov NR 24 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD SEP 1 PY 2013 VL 196 IS 1-2 BP 212 EP 215 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.01.002 PG 4 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 205UB UT WOS:000323469200034 PM 23375195 ER PT J AU Suryawan, A Nguyen, HV Almonaci, RD Davis, TA AF Suryawan, Agus Nguyen, Hanh V. Almonaci, Rosemarie D. Davis, Teresa A. TI Abundance of amino acid transporters involved in mTORC1 activation in skeletal muscle of neonatal pigs is developmentally regulated SO AMINO ACIDS LA English DT Article DE Protein synthesis; Amino acid transceptor; Nutrient sensing; Amino acid signaling ID PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS; TRANSLATION INITIATION; EXPRESSION; INSULIN; GLUTAMINE; GROWTH; CANCER; TARGET; LAT1; MECHANISMS AB Previously we demonstrated that the insulin- and amino acid-induced activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is developmentally regulated in neonatal pigs. Recent studies have indicated that members of the System A transporter (SNAT2), the System N transporter (SNAT3), the System L transporters (LAT1 and LAT2), and the proton-assisted amino acid transporters (PAT1 and PAT2) have crucial roles in the activation of mTORC1 and that the abundance of amino acid transporters is positively correlated with their activation. This study aimed to determine the effect of the post-prandial rise in insulin and amino acids on the abundance or activation of SNAT2, SNAT3, LAT1, LAT2, PAT1, and PAT2 and whether the response is modified by development. Overnight fasted 6- and 26-day-old pigs were infused for 2 h with saline (Control) or with insulin or amino acids to achieve fed levels while amino acids or insulin, respectively, as well as glucose were maintained at fasting levels. The abundance of SNAT2, SNAT3, LAT1, LAT2, PAT1, and PAT2 was higher in muscle of 6- compared with 26-day-old pigs. The abundance of the PAT2-mTOR complex was greater in 6- than in 26-day-old pigs, consistent with the higher activation of mTORC1. Neither insulin nor amino acids altered amino acid transporter or PAT2-mTOR complex abundance. In conclusion, the amino acid transporters, SNAT 2/3, LAT 1/2, and PAT1/2, likely have important roles in the enhanced amino acid-induced activation of mTORC1 in skeletal muscle of the neonate. C1 [Suryawan, Agus; Nguyen, Hanh V.; Almonaci, Rosemarie D.; Davis, Teresa A.] Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Suryawan, Agus; Nguyen, Hanh V.; Almonaci, Rosemarie D.; Davis, Teresa A.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA, ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Davis, TA (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM tdavis@bcm.edu FU NIH [R01 AR44474]; USDA/ARS [6250-510000-055] FX These studies were supported by NIH R01 AR44474 and USDA/ARS 6250-510000-055. This work is a publication of USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or politics of the USDA, nor does the mention of trade names, commercial products or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. We thank Jerome Stubblefield and Rickey Bryant for care of animals, and Layla Gullick for secretarial assistance. NR 35 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 12 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0939-4451 J9 AMINO ACIDS JI Amino Acids PD SEP PY 2013 VL 45 IS 3 BP 523 EP 530 DI 10.1007/s00726-012-1326-7 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 202JZ UT WOS:000323212600012 PM 22643846 ER PT J AU Davis, TA Suryawan, A Orellana, RA Fiorotto, ML AF Davis, Teresa A. Suryawan, Agus Orellana, Renan A. Fiorotto, Marta L. TI Amino acid signaling: mechanisms and translational relevance in medicine and nutrition SO AMINO ACIDS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Davis, Teresa A.; Suryawan, Agus; Orellana, Renan A.; Fiorotto, Marta L.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0939-4451 J9 AMINO ACIDS JI Amino Acids PD SEP PY 2013 VL 45 IS 3 BP 584 EP 584 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 202JZ UT WOS:000323212600084 ER PT J AU Suryawan, A Nguyen, HV Davis, TA AF Suryawan, Agus Nguyen, Hanh V. Davis, Teresa A. TI The regulation of mTORC1 signaling by amino acids in skeletal muscle of neonatal pigs SO AMINO ACIDS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Suryawan, Agus; Nguyen, Hanh V.; Davis, Teresa A.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS CNRC, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0939-4451 J9 AMINO ACIDS JI Amino Acids PD SEP PY 2013 VL 45 IS 3 BP 584 EP 584 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 202JZ UT WOS:000323212600085 ER PT J AU Villa, JD Bourgeois, AL Danka, RG AF Villa, Jose D. Bourgeois, A. Lelania Danka, Robert G. TI Negative evidence for effects of genetic origin of bees on Nosema ceranae, positive evidence for effects of Nosema ceranae on bees SO APIDOLOGIE LA English DT Article DE Nosema ceranae; Apis mellifera; honey bees; resistance; breeding; selection ID APIS-MELLIFERA; HONEY-BEE; UNITED-STATES; INFECTION; MICROSPORIDIA; RESPONSES AB In two tests, honey bee colonies of different origins were sampled monthly to detect possible differential infection with Nosema ceranae; colony sizes and queen status were monitored quarterly. One experiment used queens crossed with drones of the same type obtained from colonies which had previously exhibited high and low infections. A second experiment used queens from ten commercial sources. No clear genotypic (P = 0.682) or phenotypic (P = 0.623) differences in infection were evident. Colony deaths and supersedures did not relate significantly with infection except for deaths of colonies in the autumn (P = 0.02). Significant effects on colony growth were found in all seasons: average 3-month decreases in population ranged from 0.4 to 1.4 frames of bees per million N. ceranae per bee. These results confirm that N. ceranae can be involved in weakening of colonies even in warm climates and suggest that breeding for resistance may require more intense selection, larger base populations, or different screening methods. C1 [Villa, Jose D.; Bourgeois, A. Lelania; Danka, Robert G.] USDA ARS, Honey Bee Breeding Genet & Physiol Lab, Baton Rouge, LA 70820 USA. RP Villa, JD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Honey Bee Breeding Genet & Physiol Lab, 1157 Ben Hur Rd, Baton Rouge, LA 70820 USA. EM jose.villa@ars.usda.gov FU Honey Bee Health Improvement Project of the North American Pollinator Protection Campaign FX Lorraine Beaman, Garrett Dodds, David Dodge, Victor Rainey, and Daniel Winfrey assisted with field or laboratory work. Garrett Dodds conducted instrumental inseminations. Debbie Boykin (USDA, ARS) provided statistical advice, and Frank Eischen (USDA, ARS) and Eric Mussen (U. California) provided useful comments on versions of the manuscript. Evergeen Honey Company (Bunkie, LA) provided field colonies and equipment. Partial funding for this project was provided by the Honey Bee Health Improvement Project of the North American Pollinator Protection Campaign. NR 26 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 41 PU SPRINGER FRANCE PI PARIS PA 22 RUE DE PALESTRO, PARIS, 75002, FRANCE SN 0044-8435 J9 APIDOLOGIE JI Apidologie PD SEP PY 2013 VL 44 IS 5 BP 511 EP 518 DI 10.1007/s13592-013-0201-1 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 202VA UT WOS:000323246700003 ER PT J AU Johnson, LJAN Miller, AN McCleery, RA McClanahan, R Kath, JA Lueschow, S Porras-Alfaro, A AF Johnson, Lynnaun J. A. N. Miller, Andrew N. McCleery, Robert A. McClanahan, Rod Kath, Joseph A. Lueschow, Shiloh Porras-Alfaro, Andrea TI Psychrophilic and Psychrotolerant Fungi on Bats and the Presence of Geomyces spp. on Bat Wings Prior to the Arrival of White Nose Syndrome SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; UNITED-STATES; RIBOSOMAL DNA; SP-NOV; DESTRUCTANS; SOILS; CONFIDENCE; PATHOGEN; CAVES; IDENTIFICATION AB Since 2006, Geomyces destructans, the causative agent of white nose syndrome (WNS), has killed over 5.7 million bats in North America. The current hypothesis suggests that this novel fungus is an invasive species from Europe, but little is known about the diversity within the genus Geomyces and its distribution on bats in the United States. We documented the psychrophilic and psychrotolerant fungal flora of hibernating bats prior to the arrival of WNS using culture-based techniques. A total of 149 cultures, which were obtained from 30 bats in five bat hibernacula located in four caves and one mine, were sequenced for the entire internal transcribed spacer (ITS) nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) region. Approximately 53 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) at 97% similarity were recovered from bat wings, with the community dominated by fungi within the genera Cladosporium, Fusarium, Geomyces, Mortierella, Penicillium, and Trichosporon. Eleven Geomyces isolates were obtained and placed in at least seven distinct Geomyces clades based on maximum-likelihood phylogenetic analyses. Temperature experiments revealed that all Geomyces strains isolated are psychrotolerant, unlike G. destructans, which is a true psychrophile. Our results confirm that a large diversity of fungi, including several Geomyces isolates, occurs on bats prior to the arrival of WNS. Most of these isolates were obtained from damaged wings. Additional studies need to be conducted to determine potential ecological roles of these abundant Geomyces strains isolated from bats. C1 [Johnson, Lynnaun J. A. N.; Lueschow, Shiloh; Porras-Alfaro, Andrea] Western Illinois Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Macomb, IL 61455 USA. [Miller, Andrew N.] Univ Illinois, Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. [McCleery, Robert A.] Univ Florida, Dept Wildlife Ecol & Conservat, Gainesville, FL USA. [McClanahan, Rod] US Forest Serv, Shawnee Natl Forest, Vienna, IL USA. [Kath, Joseph A.] Illinois Dept Nat Resources, Springfield, IL USA. RP Porras-Alfaro, A (reprint author), Western Illinois Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Macomb, IL 61455 USA. EM a-porras-alfaro@wiu.edu OI McCleery, Robert/0000-0001-7018-005X; Porras-Alfaro, Andrea/0000-0002-9053-7973 FU Illinois Department of Natural Resources; U.S. Forest Service; Mycological Society of America; Illinois Mycological Association; Western Illinois University FX This research was funded by the Illinois Department of Natural Resources and the U.S. Forest Service. The following are also acknowledged for support of this research: the Mycological Society of America for a John W. Rippon Award and a Registration Fellowship, the Illinois Mycological Association for an Illinois Mycological Association Scholarship, and Western Illinois University for funding from the Graduate Student Research and Professional Development Fund. NR 73 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 89 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 79 IS 18 BP 5465 EP 5471 DI 10.1128/AEM.01429-13 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 205DO UT WOS:000323421900005 PM 23811520 ER PT J AU Filatova, LY Donovan, DM Becker, SC Lebedev, DN Priyma, AD Koudriachova, HV Kabanov, AV Klyachko, NL AF Filatova, Lyubov Y. Donovan, David M. Becker, Stephen C. Lebedev, Dmitry N. Priyma, Anastasia D. Koudriachova, Helena V. Kabanov, Alexander V. Klyachko, Natalia L. TI Physicochemical characterization of the staphylolytic LysK enzyme in complexes with polycationic polymers as a potent antimicrobial SO BIOCHIMIE LA English DT Article DE Staphylococcal infections; Antibacterial enzymes; Polycation; Stability; Stabilization ID TRANSFORM INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; PROTEIN SECONDARY STRUCTURE; BACTERIOPHAGE ENDOLYSINS; MICELLES; SPECTRA; STATE AB Staphylococcus aureus causes many serious visceral, skin, and respiratory diseases. About 90% of its clinical strains are multi-drug resistant, but the use of bacteriophage lytic enzymes offers a viable alternative to antibiotic therapy. LysK, the phage K endolysin, can lyse S. aureus when purified and exposed externally. It has been investigated in its complexes with polycationic polymers (poly-L-lysines (PLLs) of molecular weights 2.5, 9.6, and 55.2 kDa and their block copolymers with polyethylene glycol Pa-10-PEG(114), PLL30-PEG(114), and PLL30-PEG(23)) as a basis for creating active and stable antimicrobial. Complexing with polycationic PLLs produces a stabilizing effect on LysK due to structure ordering in its molecules and break-down of aggregates as a result of electrostatic interaction. The stability of LysK in the presence of PLL-PEG block copolymers improves by both electrostatic and hydrophobic mechanisms. Complexes of LysK with 2.5, 9.6, 55.2 kDa poly-L-lysines and PLL30-PEG(114) have demonstrated sufficient stability at the temperatures of physiological activity (37 degrees C) and storage (4 degrees C and 22 degrees C). (C) 2013 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Filatova, Lyubov Y.; Lebedev, Dmitry N.; Priyma, Anastasia D.; Koudriachova, Helena V.; Kabanov, Alexander V.; Klyachko, Natalia L.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Fac Chem, Dept Chem Enzymol, Moscow 119991, Russia. [Donovan, David M.; Becker, Stephen C.] USDA ARS, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD USA. [Kabanov, Alexander V.] Univ N Carolina, Div Mol Pharmaceut, Ctr Nanotechnol Drug Delivery, UNC Eshelman Sch Pharm, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Filatova, LY (reprint author), Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Fac Chem, Dept Chem Enzymol, Vorobievy Gory 1-11, Moscow 119991, Russia. EM luboff.filatova@gmail.com RI Klyachko, Natalia/J-9512-2013; Lebedev, Dmitry/C-5190-2016 OI Lebedev, Dmitry/0000-0002-1866-9234 FU Ministry of Science and Education of the Russian Federation [11.G34.31.0004] FX The study was carried out as part of Project 11.G34.31.0004 of the Ministry of Science and Education of the Russian Federation. NR 33 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0300-9084 EI 1638-6183 J9 BIOCHIMIE JI Biochimie PD SEP PY 2013 VL 95 IS 9 BP 1689 EP 1696 DI 10.1016/j.biochi.2013.04.013 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 204YB UT WOS:000323406100004 PM 23665361 ER PT J AU Liu, SQ Bischoff, KM Leathers, TD Qureshi, N Rich, JO Hughes, SR AF Liu, Siqing Bischoff, Kenneth M. Leathers, Timothy D. Qureshi, Nasib Rich, Joseph O. Hughes, Stephen R. TI Butyric acid from anaerobic fermentation of lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates by Clostridium tyrobutyricum strain RPT-4213 SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Clostridium tyrobutyricum; Butyrate; Wheat straw; Corn stover; Corn fiber; Rice hull and switchgrass hydrolysates ID FIBROUS-BED BIOREACTOR; ACETOBUTYLICUM; BUTANOL; ETHANOL; ACETONE; TOLERANCE; BACTERIA; SEQUENCE; CULTURE; XYLOSE AB A novel Clostridium tyrobutyricum strain RPT-4213 was found producing butyrate under strict anaerobic conditions. This strain produced 9.47 g L-1 butyric acid from MRS media (0.48 g/g glucose). RPT-4213 was also used to ferment dilute acid pretreated hydrolysates including wheat straw (WSH), corn fiber (CFH), corn stover (CSH), rice hull (RHH), and switchgrass (SGH). Results indicated that 50% WSH with a Clostridia medium (Ct) produced the most butyric acid (8.06 g L-1, 0.46 g/g glucose), followed by 50% SGH with Ct (6.01 g L-1, 0.44 g/g glucose), however, 50% CSH Ct showed growth inhibition. RPT-4213 was then used in pH-controlled bioreactor fermentations using 60% WSH and SGH, with a dilute (0.5 x) Ct medium, resulting 9.87 g L-1 butyric acid in WSH (yield 0.44 g/g) and 7.05 g L-1 butyric acid in SGH (yield 0.42 g/g). The titer and productivity could be improved through process engineering. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Liu, Siqing; Bischoff, Kenneth M.; Leathers, Timothy D.; Rich, Joseph O.; Hughes, Stephen R.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Renewable Product Technol Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Qureshi, Nasib] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Bioenergy Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Liu, SQ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Renewable Product Technol Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Siqing.liu@ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 6 U2 56 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-8524 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 143 BP 322 EP 329 DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.06.015 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 202SL UT WOS:000323239800043 PM 23811065 ER PT J AU Cooper, C Fielding, R Visser, M van Loon, LJ Rolland, Y Orwoll, E Reid, K Boonen, S Dere, W Epstein, S Mitlak, B Tsouderos, Y Sayer, AA Rizzoli, R Reginster, JY Kanis, JA AF Cooper, C. Fielding, R. Visser, M. van Loon, L. J. Rolland, Y. Orwoll, E. Reid, K. Boonen, S. Dere, W. Epstein, S. Mitlak, B. Tsouderos, Y. Sayer, A. A. Rizzoli, R. Reginster, J. Y. Kanis, J. A. TI Tools in the Assessment of Sarcopenia SO CALCIFIED TISSUE INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Sarcopenia; Muscle mass; Muscle strength; Muscle power; Muscle fatigue; Older adults ID LOWER-EXTREMITY FUNCTION; X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY; SKELETAL-MUSCLE MASS; BIOELECTRICAL-IMPEDANCE ANALYSIS; PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE BATTERY; OLDER-ADULTS; BODY-COMPOSITION; SUBSEQUENT DISABILITY; GRIP STRENGTH; GAIT SPEED AB This review provides a framework for the development of an operational definition of sarcopenia and of the potential end points that might be adopted in clinical trials among older adults. While the clinical relevance of sarcopenia is widely recognized, there is currently no universally accepted definition of the disorder. The development of interventions to alter the natural history of sarcopenia also requires consensus on the most appropriate end points for determining outcomes of clinical importance which might be utilized in intervention studies. We review current approaches to the definition of sarcopenia and the methods used for the assessment of various aspects of physical function in older people. The potential end points of muscle mass, muscle strength, muscle power, and muscle fatigue, as well as the relationships between them, are explored with reference to the availability and practicality of the available methods for measuring these end points in clinical trials. Based on current evidence, none of the four potential outcomes in question is sufficiently comprehensive to recommend as a uniform single outcome in randomized clinical trials. We propose that sarcopenia may be optimally defined (for the purposes of clinical trial inclusion criteria as well as epidemiological studies) using a combination of measures of muscle mass and physical performance. The choice of outcome measures for clinical trials in sarcopenia is more difficult; co-primary outcomes, tailored to the specific intervention in question, may be the best way forward in this difficult but clinically important area. C1 [Cooper, C.; Sayer, A. A.] Univ Southampton, Southampton Gen Hosp, MRC Lifecourse Epidemiol Unit, Southampton SO16 6YD, Hants, England. [Cooper, C.] Univ Southampton, NIHR Nutr Biomed Res Ctr, Southampton SO16 6YD, Hants, England. [Cooper, C.] Univ Oxford, NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomed Res Unit, Oxford OX3 7LD, England. [Fielding, R.; Reid, K.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Visser, M.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, VU Univ Med Ctr, Dept Hlth Sci, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Visser, M.] EMGO Inst, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [van Loon, L. J.] Maastricht Univ Med Ctr, Dept Human Movement Sci, NL-6200 MD Maastricht, Netherlands. [Rolland, Y.] Toulouse Univ Hosp, Dept Geriatr Med, INSERM U1027, Gerontopole Toulouse, Toulouse, France. [Orwoll, E.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Med, Portland, OR 97239 USA. [Boonen, S.] Univ Louvain, Div Gerontol & Geriatr, Louvain, Belgium. [Boonen, S.] Univ Louvain, Ctr Musculoskeletal Res, Dept Expt Med, Louvain, Belgium. [Boonen, S.] Leuven Univ Hosp, Div Geriatr Med, Louvain, Belgium. [Boonen, S.] Leuven Univ Hosp, Ctr Metab Bone Dis, Dept Internal Med, Louvain, Belgium. [Dere, W.] Amgen Ltd, Uxbridge, Middx, England. [Epstein, S.] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Div Endocrinol, New York, NY USA. [Mitlak, B.] Eli Lilly & Co, Lilly Res Labs, Indianapolis, IN 46285 USA. [Tsouderos, Y.] Inst Rech Int Servier, F-92284 Suresnes, France. [Rizzoli, R.] Univ Hosp Geneva, Div Bone Dis, Geneva, Switzerland. [Reginster, J. Y.] CHU Ctr Ville, Bone & Cartilage Metab Unit, Liege, Belgium. [Kanis, J. A.] Univ Sheffield, Sch Med, WHO Collaborating Ctr Metab Bone Dis, Sheffield S10 2RX, S Yorkshire, England. RP Cooper, C (reprint author), Univ Southampton, Southampton Gen Hosp, MRC Lifecourse Epidemiol Unit, Southampton SO16 6YD, Hants, England. EM cc@mrc.soton.ac.uk; roger.fielding@tufts.edu; m.visser@vu.nl; L.vanLoon@maastrichtuniversity.nl; Rolland.y@chu-toulouse.fr; orwoll@ohsu.edu; Kieran.Reid@tufts.edu; steven.boonen@uz.kuleuven.be; wdere@amgen.com; bonedocsol@aol.com; Mitlak_bruce_h@lilly.com; yannis.tsouderos@fr.netgrs.com; aas@mrc.soton.ac.uk; rene.rizzoli@unige.ch; jyreginster@ulg.ac.be; w.j.pontefract@sheffield.ac.uk OI Orwoll, Eric/0000-0002-8520-7355; Aihie Sayer, Avan/0000-0003-1283-6457 FU European Society for the Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis (ESCEO); International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF) FX This review was based on a workshop supported by the European Society for the Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis (ESCEO) and the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF). We are grateful to the NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, University of Oxford, and NIHR Nutrition Biomedical Research Unit, University of Southampton, UK. NR 58 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 4 U2 20 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0171-967X J9 CALCIFIED TISSUE INT JI Calcif. Tissue Int. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 93 IS 3 BP 201 EP 210 DI 10.1007/s00223-013-9757-z PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 202QM UT WOS:000323233500002 PM 23842964 ER PT J AU Anandhi, A Perumal, S Gowda, PH Knapp, M Hutchinson, S Harrington, J Murray, L Kirkham, MB Rice, CW AF Anandhi, Aavudai Perumal, Sriram Gowda, Prasanna H. Knapp, Mary Hutchinson, Stacy Harrington, John, Jr. Murray, Leigh Kirkham, Mary B. Rice, Charles W. TI Long-term spatial and temporal trends in frost indices in Kansas, USA SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article ID GROWING-SEASON; CLIMATE; VARIABILITY; OSCILLATION; CULTIVARS AB Frost indices such as number of frost days (nFDs), number of frost-free days (nFFDs), last spring freeze (LSF), first fall freeze (FFF), and growing-season length (GSL) were calculated using daily minimum air temperature (T-min) from 23 centennial weather stations across Kansas during four time periods (through 1919, 1920-1949, 1950-1979, and 1980-2009). A frost day is defined as a day with T-min < 0 A degrees C. The long- and short-term trends in frost indices were analyzed at monthly, seasonal, and annual timescales. Probability of occurrence of the indices was analyzed at 5 %, 25 %, 50 %, 75 %, and 95 %. Results indicated a general increase in T-min from 1900 through 2009 causing a decrease in nFDs. LSF and FFF occurred earlier and later than normal in the year, respectively, thereby resulting in an increase in GSL. In general, northwest Kansas recorded the greatest nFD and lowest T-min, whereas southeast Kansas had the lowest nFD and highest T-min; however, the magnitude of the trends in these indices varied with location, time period, and time scales. Based on the long-term records in most stations, LSF occurred earlier by 0.1-1.9 days/decade, FFF occurred later by 0.2-0.9 day/decade, and GSL was longer by 0.1-2.5 day/decade. At the 50 % probability level, Independence in the south-eastern part of Kansas had the earliest LSF (6 April), latest FFF (29 October) and longest GSL (207 days). Oberlin (north-western Kansas) recorded the shortest GSL (156 days) and earliest FFF (7 October) had the latest LSF (2 May) at the 50 % probability level. A positive correlation was observed for combinations of indices (LSF and GSL) and elevation, whereas a negative correlation was found between FFF and elevation. C1 [Anandhi, Aavudai; Perumal, Sriram; Knapp, Mary; Kirkham, Mary B.; Rice, Charles W.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Gowda, Prasanna H.] ARS, USDA, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. [Hutchinson, Stacy] Kansas State Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Harrington, John, Jr.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Geog, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Murray, Leigh] Kansas State Univ, Dept Stat, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Anandhi, A (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM anandhi@ksu.edu FU National Science Foundation [EPS-0903806]; Ogallala Aquifer Program (research and education consortium) [58-6209-9-052] FX This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Award No. EPS-0903806, matching support from the State of Kansas through Kansas Technology Enterprise Corporation and Ogallala Aquifer Program (research and education consortium) grant No. 58-6209-9-052. This is contribution number 12-421-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station. In addition, we express our gratitude to the three anonymous reviewers whose suggestions greatly enhanced the earlier draft of the paper. NR 30 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 EI 1573-1480 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD SEP PY 2013 VL 120 IS 1-2 BP 169 EP 181 DI 10.1007/s10584-013-0794-4 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 203FO UT WOS:000323276900013 ER PT J AU Farnham, MW Keinath, AP Grusak, MA AF Farnham, Mark W. Keinath, Anthony P. Grusak, Michael A. TI Response to the Letter to the Editor of Crop Science from Donald R. Davis Regarding Our Research Article Entitled "Mineral Concentration of Broccoli Florets in Relation to Year of Cultivar Release" Published in Crop Science (201151:2721-2727) SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Letter ID YIELD; FERTIGATION C1 [Farnham, Mark W.] USDA ARS, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [Keinath, Anthony P.] Clemson Univ, Coastal Res & Educ Ctr, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [Grusak, Michael A.] USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Farnham, MW (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Vegetable Lab, 2700 Savannah Hwy, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. EM mark.farnham@ars.usda.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 13 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 53 IS 5 BP 1830 EP 1831 DI 10.2135/cropsci2013.01.0004le PG 2 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 201BY UT WOS:000323116900002 ER PT J AU Casler, MD Papadopolous, YA Bittman, S Mathison, RD Min, DH Robins, JG Cherney, JH Acharya, SN Belesky, DP Bowley, SR Coulman, BE Drapeau, R Ehlke, NJ Hall, MH Leep, RH Michaud, R Rowsell, J Shewmaker, GE Teutsch, CD Coblentz, WK AF Casler, M. D. Papadopolous, Y. A. Bittman, S. Mathison, R. D. Min, D. H. Robins, J. G. Cherney, J. H. Acharya, S. N. Belesky, D. P. Bowley, S. R. Coulman, B. E. Drapeau, R. Ehlke, N. J. Hall, M. H. Leep, R. H. Michaud, R. Rowsell, J. Shewmaker, G. E. Teutsch, C. D. Coblentz, W. K. TI Sparse-Flowering Orchardgrass is Stable Across Temperate North America SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID LOLIUM-PERENNE L.; DACTYLIS-GLOMERATA L; NONFLOWERING ORCHARDGRASS; GENETIC PROGRESS; TIME; MANAGEMENT; PLANT AB Orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) is a major component of many pastures in temperate North America. Early and profuse flowering in pastures is problematic due to livestock refusal to consume flowering stems. The objective of this research was to determine the stability and agronomic impact of recently developed sparse-flowering orchardgrass populations across temperate North America. Six cultivars, three sparse flowering and three normal flowering, were grown at 21 locations in temperate North America and evaluated for panicle density, heading date, and forage yield. Sparse-flowering cultivars had 57% fewer panicles than normal-flowering cultivars, but this effect was highly dependent on mean winter temperature, with normal-flowering cultivars showing twice as much temperature sensitivity compared to sparse-flowering cultivars. Forage yield of sparse-flowering cultivars was reduced by approximately 24 to 32% for first harvest and 2 to 9% for regrowth harvests compared to normal-flowering cultivars and this reduction in forage yield was independent of mean winter temperature. The forage yield reduction associated with sparse flowering is most likely due to a combination of physiological load (loss of stems) and opportunity cost (lack of selection pressure for yield), suggesting an opportunity to improve forage yield potential of this sparse-flowering germplasm pool. C1 [Casler, M. D.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Papadopolous, Y. A.] Nova Scotia Agr Coll, Agr & Agri Food Canada, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada. [Bittman, S.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Agassiz, BC V0M 1A0, Canada. [Mathison, R. D.] Univ Minnesota, NCROC, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. [Min, D. H.] Michigan State Univ, Upper Peninsula Exp Stn, Chatham, MI 49816 USA. [Robins, J. G.] USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Cherney, J. H.] Cornell Univ, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Acharya, S. N.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada. [Belesky, D. P.] USDA ARS, Beaver, WV 25813 USA. [Bowley, S. R.] Univ Guelph, Dep Plant Agr, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Coulman, B. E.] Univ Saskatchewan, Dep Plant Sci, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada. [Drapeau, R.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Normandin, PQ G8M 4K3, Canada. [Ehlke, N. J.] Univ Minnesota, Dep Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Hall, M. H.] Penn State Univ, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Leep, R. H.] Michigan State Univ, WK Kellogg Biol Stn, Hickory Corners, MI 49060 USA. [Michaud, R.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Quebec City, PQ G1V 2J3, Canada. [Rowsell, J.] New Liskeard Agr Res Stn, New Liskeard, ON P0J 1P0, Canada. [Shewmaker, G. E.] Univ Idaho, Twin Falls Res & Extens Ctr, Twin Falls, ID 83303 USA. [Teutsch, C. D.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blackstone, VA 23824 USA. [Coblentz, W. K.] USDA ARS, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. RP Casler, MD (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, 1925 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM mdcasler@wisc.edu NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 7 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 53 IS 5 BP 1870 EP 1877 DI 10.2135/cropsci2013.01.0055 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 201BY UT WOS:000323116900006 ER PT J AU Hu, BL Wan, Y Li, X Zhang, FT Yan, WG Xie, JK AF Hu, Biaolin Wan, Yong Li, Xia Zhang, Fantao Yan, Wengui Xie, Jiankun TI Phenotypic Characterization and Genetic Analysis of Rice with Pubescent Leaves and Glabrous Hulls (PLgh) SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID LEAF PUBESCENCE; INHERITANCE; L.; REGISTRATION; RESISTANCE; DENSITY; TRAITS; INDICA AB Pubescence (hairs or trichomes) of leaves is advantageous against biotic and abiotic stress, and that of hulls is disadvantageous as it interferes with field operations, such as harvesting and processing. Previous phenotypic and genotypic studies on rice (Oryza sativa L.) pubescence used materials that had pubescent or glabrous leaves and hulls. From the National Small Grains Collection (NSGC), two accessions with pubescent leaves and glabrous hulls (PLgh) were identified. These PLgh accessions had more, longer, and softer trichomes on the leaves than traditional pubescent materials. Our objective was to study the inheritance of the PLgh trait. Crosses of PLgh plants with a genotype having glabrous leaves and hulls showed that leaf pubescence in the PLgh material was controlled by a dominant gene because no segregation for glabrous hull in F 2 generation occurred. Chi-square values for 3: 1 pubescent leaf and glabrous hull: glabrous leaf and hull F 2 ratio were 0.283 (P = 0.626) and 0.919 (P = 0.338) in two PLgh crosses, Wells x IARI 6184B and Wells x Padi Pohon Batu, respectively. However, in crosses of PLgh with three genotypes (You I B, Rondo, and Xieqingzao B) having pubescent leaves and hulls, an F 2 ratio of 12: 3: 1 pubescent leaf and hull: pubescent leaf and glabrous hull: glabrous leaf and hull was found in most cases, suggesting two genes were involved in the inheritance. Use of the PLgh germplasm (pubescent leaves) in rice breeding should be advantageous as a defense mechanism against biotic and abiotic stresses while avoiding the disadvantages of pubescent hulls in transportation and storage. C1 [Hu, Biaolin; Wan, Yong; Li, Xia] Jiangxi Acad Agr Sci, Rice Res Inst, Nanchang 330200, Jiangxi, Peoples R China. [Hu, Biaolin; Zhang, Fantao; Xie, Jiankun] Jiangxi Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Nanchang 330022, Jiangxi, Peoples R China. [Hu, Biaolin] China Natl Rice Res Inst, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Yan, Wengui] USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. RP Yan, WG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. EM Wengui.Yan@ars.usda.gov; xiejiankun@yahoo.com FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [30960189]; Chinese Ministry of Agriculture [201103007]; Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province, China [20114BAB204008] FX This work was supported in part by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 30960189), "Application of Nuclear Techniques in Agriculture" from the Chinese Ministry of Agriculture (no. 201103007), and the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province, China (no. 20114BAB204008). The authors thank Ellen McWhirter for critical review of the manuscript and, Tiffany Sookaserm, Yuemei Huang, Yao Zhou, and Quynh Grunden for technical assistance. NR 57 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 13 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 53 IS 5 BP 1878 EP 1886 DI 10.2135/cropsci2012.09.0522 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 201BY UT WOS:000323116900007 ER PT J AU Ruddle, P Cardinal, A Upchurch, RG Arellano, C Miranda, L AF Ruddle, Paul, II Cardinal, Andrea Upchurch, Robert G. Arellano, Consuelo Miranda, Lilian TI Agronomic Effects of Mutations in Two Soybean Delta 9-Stearoyl-Acyl Carrier Protein-Desaturases SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID HIGH STEARIC-ACID; SEED OIL; MUTANTS; GENE; REGISTRATION; INHERITANCE; PERFORMANCE AB Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] oil normally contains 2 to 4% stearic acid. Oil with higher levels of stearic acid is desired for use in the baking industry for both its chemical properties and human health benefits. Several lines with increased stearic acid have been identified; however, the agronomic consequences of high seed stearic acid are poorly understood. This study evaluates the effects of high stearic acid mutant alleles for two different Delta 9-stearoylacyl carrier protein-desaturase genes, SACPD-B and SACPD-C, on agronomic performance. Fifty F-2-derived lines developed in a previous study were evaluated in a germination chamber and two field environments. Lines were either homozygous for the SACPD-C fas(nc) allele previously identified in FAM94-41, homozygous for the SACPD-B fas2(nc) allele from the induced 'Holladay' mutant TCJWB03-806-7-19, homozygous for both mutant genes, or homozygous wild-type for both genes. SACPD-C mutant lines were agronomically indistinguishable from the wild-type lines and yielded as well (3534 vs. 3414 kg ha(-1)). SACPD-B mutant lines suffered from a decreased seedling growth rate, were 15% shorter at maturity, had a 4% seed size reduction, and yielded 6% less than the wild-type lines. The different agronomic performance between SACPD-C and SACPD-B mutant lines was attributed to altered fatty acid composition in vegetative tissues of the SACPD-B mutant lines. C1 [Ruddle, Paul, II; Cardinal, Andrea] N Carolina State Univ, Dep Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27965 USA. [Arellano, Consuelo] N Carolina State Univ, Dep Stat, Raleigh, NC 27965 USA. [Upchurch, Robert G.; Miranda, Lilian] USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA. RP Miranda, L (reprint author), USDA ARS, 3127 Ligon St, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA. EM Lilian.Miranda@ars.usda.gov FU United Soybean Board; North Carolina Soybean Producers Association FX This research was supported in part by the United Soybean Board and the North Carolina Soybean Producers Association. The authors thank Dr. Thomas Carter Jr. for assistance in conducting the field evaluations. The authors thank W. Novitzky for training and assistance provided in the seedling fatty acid analysis and the part-time workers at the Soybean and Nitrogen Fixation Research Unit (USDA-ARS, N.C. State University, Raleigh, NC) for assistance in determining emergence. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 38 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 9 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 53 IS 5 BP 1887 EP 1893 DI 10.2135/cropsci2013.02.0120 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 201BY UT WOS:000323116900008 ER PT J AU Asoro, FG Newell, MA Beavis, WD Scott, MP Tinker, NA Jannink, JL AF Asoro, Franco G. Newell, Mark A. Beavis, William D. Scott, M. Paul Tinker, Nicholas A. Jannink, Jean-Luc TI Genomic, Marker-Assisted, and Pedigree-BLUP Selection Methods for beta-Glucan Concentration in Elite Oat SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE TRAITS; GENOMEWIDE SELECTION; RECURRENT SELECTION; MOLECULAR MARKERS; BREEDING SCHEMES; COMPLEX TRAITS; SMALL-GRAINS; POPULATIONS; PREDICTION; ACCURACY AB beta-glucan, a soluble fiber found in oat (Avena sativa L.) grain, is good for human health, and selection for higher levels of this compound is regarded as an important breeding objective. Recent advances in oat DNA markers present an opportunity to investigate new selection methods for polygenic traits such as beta-glucan concentration. Our objectives in this study were to compare genomic, marker-assisted, and best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP)-based phenotypic selection for short-term response to selection and ability to maintain genetic variance for beta-glucan concentration. Starting with a collection of 446 elite oat lines from North America, each method was conducted for two cycles. The average beta-glucan concentration increased from 4.57 g/100 g in Cycle 0 to between 6.66 and 6.88 g/100 g over the two cycles. The averages of marker-based selection methods in Cycle 2 were greater than those of phenotypic selection (P < 0.08). Progenies with the highest beta-glucan came from the marker-based selection methods. Marker-assisted selection (MAS) for higher beta-glucan concentration resulted in a later heading date. We also found that marker-based selection methods maintained greater genetic variance than did BLUP phenotypic selection, potentially enabling greater future selection gains. Overall, the results of these experiments suggest that genomic selection is a superior method for selecting a polygenic complex trait like beta-glucan concentration. C1 [Asoro, Franco G.; Beavis, William D.] Iowa State Univ, Dep Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Newell, Mark A.] Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA. [Scott, M. Paul] USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Dep Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Tinker, Nicholas A.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada. [Jannink, Jean-Luc] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, RW Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Dep Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Jannink, JL (reprint author), Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, RW Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Dep Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM jeanluc.jannink@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2008-55301-18746] FX This research was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture, grant 2008-55301-18746. We thank Adrienne Moran Lauter for laboratory work and George Patrick for field work. NR 57 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 32 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 53 IS 5 BP 1894 EP 1906 DI 10.2135/cropsci2012.09.0526 PG 13 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 201BY UT WOS:000323116900009 ER PT J AU Resende, RMS Casler, MD de Resende, MDV AF Simeao Resende, Rosangela Maria Casler, Michael D. Vilela de Resende, Marcos Deon TI Selection Methods in Forage Breeding: A Quantitative Appraisal SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID WITHIN-FAMILY SELECTION; PANICUM-VIRGATUM L.; PERENNIAL RYEGRASS; BIOMASS YIELD; TEMPERATE AGRICULTURE; PHENOTYPIC SELECTION; CULTIVAR DEVELOPMENT; DIVERGENT SELECTION; GENETIC-VARIABILITY; RECURRENT SELECTION AB Forage breeding can be extraordinarily complex because of the number of species, perenniality, mode of reproduction, mating system, and a variable genetic correlation between spaced plants and sward plots. Aiming to compare eight forage breeding methods for direct selection gain and correlated response, different scenarios of trait heritability and genetic correlation have been evaluated based on deterministic equations of expected (theoretical) breeding accuracy applied to half-sib progenies evaluated in spaced-plant trails, sward-plot trials, or both. Relative efficiency for each method is given in relation to individual selection. Methods differ most when heritability is lower than 0.3, which coincides with the majority of the situations met by forage breeders. Genetic gain of best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP)-based methods is superior to all other methods for trait heritability lower than 0.3, independent of field-trail plot methods, except for parental selection. Methods based on BLUP have also shown higher efficiency when the genetic correlation between spaced-plant and sward-plot trials evaluations of a trait is lower than 0.7 and indirect-trait heritability is lower than 0.3. The choice of forage breeding method should include consideration of the mode of reproduction and the target-trait heritability. The benefits of BLUP-based selection methods should receive more serious consideration by forage breeders. C1 [Simeao Resende, Rosangela Maria] Embrapa Beef Cattle, BR-79106550 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil. [Casler, Michael D.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Vilela de Resende, Marcos Deon] Univ Fed Vicosa, Embrapa Forestry, Dep Engn Florestal, BR-36570000 Vicosa, MG, Brazil. RP Resende, RMS (reprint author), Embrapa Beef Cattle, BR-79106550 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil. EM rosangela.simeao@embrapa.br NR 66 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 25 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 53 IS 5 BP 1925 EP 1936 DI 10.2135/cropsci2013.03.0143 PG 12 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 201BY UT WOS:000323116900012 ER PT J AU Tiwari, RS Picchioni, GA Steiner, RL Hughs, SE Jones, DC Zhang, JF AF Tiwari, Rashmi Sharma Picchioni, Geno A. Steiner, Robert L. Hughs, Sidney E. Jones, Don C. Zhang, Jinfa TI Genetic Variation in Salt Tolerance during Seed Germination in a Backcross Inbred Line Population and Advanced Breeding Lines Derived from Upland Cotton x Pima Cotton SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SALINITY TOLERANCE; REGISTRATION; GROWTH AB Seed germination is a crucial phase of the plant life cycle that affects its establishment and productivity. However, information on salt tolerance at this phase is limited. Pima cotton (Gossypium barbadense L.) may be more salt tolerant during germination than Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) based on its evolutionary and breeding history. The objective of this study was to evaluate germination salt tolerance of introgressed lines derived from hybrids between the two species under standard controlled conditions. A backcross inbred line (BIL) population of 146 lines from a cross between Upland cotton 'Sure-Grow' (SG) 747 and 'Pima S-7' (Test 1) and 120 advanced breeding lines from 'Acala 1517-99' x Pima Phy 76 (Test 2) were evaluated for germination under 200 mM NaCl and nonsalt (control) conditions. Based on reduction in seed germination under NaCl conditions, G. barbadense parents were significantly more tolerant than the Upland parents. There were significant effects of genotype, treatment, and genotype x treatment interaction in both tests. The heritability for seed germination was moderate, ranging from 0.39 to 0.43 with at least two genes estimated. The genetic result is corroborated by the identification of many salt tolerant BILs and advanced breeding lines. This study has provided one of the first lines of evidence that the introduction of salt tolerance at seed germination from Pima into Upland cotton may be attainable. C1 [Tiwari, Rashmi Sharma; Picchioni, Geno A.; Zhang, Jinfa] New Mexico State Univ, Dep Plant & Environm Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Steiner, Robert L.] Dep Econ Appl Stat & Int Business, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Hughs, Sidney E.] USDA ARS, Southwest Cotton Ginning Res Lab, Las Cruces, NM 88001 USA. [Jones, Don C.] Cotton Inc, Cary, NC 27513 USA. RP Zhang, JF (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Dep Plant & Environm Sci, Box 30003,MSC 3Q, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM jinzhang@nmsu.edu FU USDA-ARS; Cotton Incorporated; New Mexico Agricultural Experiment Station FX The research was funded by USDA-ARS, Cotton Incorporated and New Mexico Agricultural Experiment Station. The assistance in seed germination from the State Seed Lab, the New Mexico Department of Agriculture, was greatly appreciated. NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 21 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 53 IS 5 BP 1974 EP 1982 DI 10.2135/cropsci2013.01.0028 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 201BY UT WOS:000323116900017 ER PT J AU Turner, MK DeHaan, LR Jin, Y Anderson, JA AF Turner, M. K. DeHaan, L. R. Jin, Y. Anderson, J. A. TI Wheatgrass-Wheat Partial Amphiploids as a Novel Source of Stem Rust and Fusarium Head Blight Resistance SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ALIEN SPECIES DERIVATIVES; YELLOW DWARF VIRUS; F-SP TRITICI; THINOPYRUM-INTERMEDIUM; LEAF RUST; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; MULTICOLOR GISH; GENOME ANALYSIS; COMMON WHEAT; PCR MARKERS AB Perennial wheatgrasses (Thinopyrum spp.) are recognized sources of genetic variation for annual wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) improvement. Amphiploid lines made by crossing Thinopyrum spp. and T. aestivum (common wheat) can increase resilience of wheat to pathogens and abiotic stress. However, lack of pairing between chromosomes of Thinopyrum and Triticum species reduces genome stability, seed set, and perenniality. Fifty-two wheat-wheatgrass amphiploids from the perennials Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkworth & D. R. Dewey, Thinopyrum ponticum (Podp.) Barkworth & D. R. Dewey, and Thinopyrum junceum (L.) A. Love crossed with the annuals T. aestivum, Triticum turgidum L. subsp. carthlicum (Nevski) A. Love & D. Love (syn. Triticum carthlicum Nevski), and Triticum turgidum subsp. durum (Desf.) Husn, were screened for wheat stem rust (caused by Puccinia graminis) and Fusarium head blight (FHB) (caused by Fusarium graminearum) reaction and evaluated for winter hardiness and perenniality. Twenty-four of 48 amphiploid lines were resistant to all stem rust races screened, including TTKSK (syn. Ug99), TRTTF, and common U. S. races. Of the 30 amphiploid lines point inoculated with F. graminearum, 21 were resistant based on the percentage of infected spikelets and the percent of visually scabby kernels. Three sources each of potentially novel stem rust and uncharacterized FHB resistance were identified and may be useful for wheat improvement. Two lines showed perenniality in Minnesota and may be valuable as cold-tolerant perennial wheat germplasm. Seven lines representing two families showed potential genetic stability based on chromosome counts and seed production. C1 [Turner, M. K.; Anderson, J. A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [DeHaan, L. R.] Land Inst, Salina, KS 67401 USA. [Jin, Y.] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Turner, MK (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM turne487@umn.edu NR 53 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 28 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 53 IS 5 BP 1994 EP 2005 DI 10.2135/cropsci2012.10.0584 PG 12 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 201BY UT WOS:000323116900019 ER PT J AU Jin, F Zhang, DD Bockus, W Baenziger, PS Carver, B Bai, GH AF Jin, Feng Zhang, Dadong Bockus, William Baenziger, P. Stephen Carver, Brett Bai, Guihua TI Fusarium Head Blight Resistance in US Winter Wheat Cultivars and Elite Breeding Lines SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; SMALL-GRAIN CEREALS; SCAB; QTL; REGISTRATION; SEVERITY; FHB1 AB Fusarium (Fusarium graminearum) head blight (FHB) is a destructive disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) worldwide. To characterize FHB resistance in U.S. wheat germplasm, 363 U.S. winter wheat accessions were repeatedly evaluated for FHB resistance. A high correlation (r = 0.73, P < 0.001) for mean percentages of symptomatic spikelets (PSS) was observed between greenhouse and field experiments. The majority of tested accessions were either moderately or highly susceptible; only 7% of the accessions in the greenhouse and 6% of the accessions in the field showed a high level of resistance. Mean PSS for 19 accessions that carry markers for Fhb1, a major quantitative trait locus (QTL) from 'Sumai3', are 29.8% in the greenhouse and 25.1% in the field experiments. Fifty-four wheat accessions lacking Fhb1 showed at least a moderately high level of FHB resistance in the greenhouse and/or field. These included three resistant accessions, 35 moderately resistant accessions, and 16 accessions that showed different levels of resistance in greenhouse and field experiments. Accessions without Fhb1 that showed consistent resistance in both field and greenhouse experiments may be good sources for pyramiding native resistance QTLs from U.S. wheat with Fhb1. C1 [Jin, Feng] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Agron, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Jin, Feng; Zhang, Dadong; Bai, Guihua] Kansas State Univ, Dep Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Bockus, William] Kansas State Univ, Dep Plant Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Baenziger, P. Stephen] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Carver, Brett] Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Bai, Guihua] USDA ARS, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Bai, GH (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dep Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM guihua.bai@ars.usda.gov RI Baenziger, Peter/C-6490-2014 OI Baenziger, Peter/0000-0002-9109-6954 NR 25 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 30 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 53 IS 5 BP 2006 EP 2013 DI 10.2135/cropsci2012.09.0531 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 201BY UT WOS:000323116900020 ER PT J AU Creech, CF Waldron, BL Ransom, CV ZoBell, DR Creech, JE AF Creech, Cody F. Waldron, Blair L. Ransom, Corey V. ZoBell, Dale R. Creech, J. Earl TI Factors Influencing the Field Germination of Forage Kochia SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SEED-GERMINATION; ESTABLISHMENT; TEMPERATURE; ENVIRONMENT; PATTERNS; DORMANCY AB Forage kochia (Bassia prostrata) is a drought and salt tolerant perennial, semi-shrub that has proven to be valuable forage in the western United States, but can be difficult to reliably establish. This study evaluated the effects that forage kochia entry (accession and seed lot combinations) and planting date have on forage kochia seed germination in the field. Evaluated were recently harvested and cold-stored, year-old seed from one accession each of Bassia prostrata subspecies virescens and grisea. Planting was simulated by placing seed packets at ground level, at two Utah locations, once each month mid-January through mid-April. Subsequently, seed packets were retrieved every 15 d until 75 d after planting (DAP) to determine the amount of seed that had germinated. Forage kochia germination was affected (P < 0.05) by the accession and seed lot combination and planting date. At 45 DAP, when germination was at or near maximum, recently harvested seed of subspecies grisea had field germination of 84, 96, 80, and 28% compared with virescens germination of 59, 55, 27, and 14% for planting dates in January, February, March, and April, respectively. Year-old seed of both subspecies had much lower field germination of 13, 14, 10, and 7% for grisea and 6, 9, 0, and 0% for virescens during the same planting dates of January through April. These results confirm that seeding in January or February using recently harvested seed of subspecies grisea promotes forage kochia germination and increases the likelihood of successful stand establishment. C1 [Creech, Cody F.; Ransom, Corey V.; Creech, J. Earl] Utah State Univ, Dep Plants Soils & Climate, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Waldron, Blair L.] USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [ZoBell, Dale R.] Utah State Univ, Dep Anim Dairy & Vet Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Waldron, BL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM blair.waldron@ars.usda.gov RI Creech, Earl/J-9166-2015 NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 20 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 53 IS 5 BP 2202 EP 2208 DI 10.2135/cropsci2012.09.0533 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 201BY UT WOS:000323116900039 ER PT J AU Schwartz, BM Harris-Shultz, KR Contreras, RN Hans, CS Jackson, SA AF Schwartz, Brian M. Harris-Shultz, Karen R. Contreras, Ryan N. Hans, Christian S. Jackson, Scott A. TI Creation of Hexaploid and Octaploid Zoysiagrass Using Colchicine and Breeding SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-DNA CONTENT; FLOW-CYTOMETRY; ESTABLISHMENT RATES; CHROMOSOME-NUMBERS; GENETIC-CONTROL; ANNUAL RYEGRASS; STOLON GROWTH; PLOIDY LEVEL; REGISTRATION; CULTIVARS AB Zoysiagrasses (Zoysia Willd.) are a slow-growing, tetraploid (2n = 4x = 40) turfgrass that can be successfully managed with less input than many other warm-season grasses. Despite extensive genetic and morphological variation, genotypes with the ability to recuperate quickly from damage are rare. Therefore, a long-term effort to increase vegetative growth rates was initiated during 2009 by first studying the effectiveness of six colchicine seed treatments and breeding for manipulating the ploidy level of 'Zenith' zoysiagrass. Colchicine-treated seedlings were screened using flow cytometry for genome size changes. Four putative octaploids and one cytochimera were identified. Average stomata length of the four colchicine-induced putative octaploids were 28% larger than that of Zenith, but the cytochimera's stomata length was not altered. Pollen diameter of the four putative octaploids was larger than that of Zenith and the cytochimera. Pollen stainability was relatively unchanged by the colchicine treatments. Further self-and cross-pollination of 09-TZ-103 (putative M-0 octaploid) led to the development and verification of M-1 octaploid and M-1 hexaploid genotypes. These results support that DNA content of the L-I (epidermis), L-II (germ line), and L-III (adventitious roots) histogenic layers of Zoysia can be manipulated with colchicine and breeding. Future evaluation of the turfgrass performance of these polyploids is the next step in determining the value of this breeding procedure for improvement of zoysiagrass. C1 [Schwartz, Brian M.] Univ Georgia, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Harris-Shultz, Karen R.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Contreras, Ryan N.] Oregon State Univ, Dep Hort, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Hans, Christian S.; Jackson, Scott A.] Univ Georgia, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Schwartz, BM (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, 115 Coastal Way, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM tifturf@uga.edu NR 53 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 25 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 53 IS 5 BP 2218 EP 2224 DI 10.2135/cropsci2013.02.0124 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 201BY UT WOS:000323116900041 ER PT J AU Bushman, BS Warnke, SE Amundsen, KL Combs, KM Johnson, PG AF Bushman, B. Shaun Warnke, Scott E. Amundsen, Keenan L. Combs, Kathleen M. Johnson, Paul G. TI Molecular Markers Highlight Variation within and among Kentucky Bluegrass Varieties and Accessions SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID POA-PRATENSIS L.; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; SALINITY TOLERANCE; FLOW-CYTOMETRY; RAPD MARKERS; CULTIVARS; CLASSIFICATION; INHERITANCE; GENOTYPES; PLANTS AB Assessing relationships among germplasm and cultivars of Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) is limited to field evaluations or a small set of molecular markers. To improve the efficiency of characterizing Kentucky bluegrass cultivars and germplasm, this study was designed to develop a larger set of robust molecular makers and a concise panel of cultivars to assess relationships of Kentucky bluegrass. An extensive library of simple sequence repeat markers was developed and used to assess relationships among and within 24 cultivars and accessions. Plants generally grouped as cultivars in cluster analysis, but molecular outlying plants and phenotypic off-type plants were found in 15 of the entries. The cultivars represented the major Kentucky bluegrass classification types and were consistent with previous reports. Salt-tolerant National Plant Germplasm System accessions were placed in context with the cultivars and grouped closest to the Eurasian/Common type cultivar Kenblue. Similarity of plants within cultivars varied from 60 to 98% but never reached 100%. These data showed that, with two exceptions, the cultivars could represent the major Kentucky bluegrass classification types and also that molecular variation exists within putatively apomictic plants. C1 [Bushman, B. Shaun] USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Warnke, Scott E.] USDA ARS, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Beltsville, MA 20705 USA. [Amundsen, Keenan L.] Univ Nebraska, Agron & Hort Dep, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Combs, Kathleen M.; Johnson, Paul G.] Utah State Univ, Plants Soils & Climate Dep, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Bushman, BS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM shaun.bushman@ars.usda.gov NR 39 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 20 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 53 IS 5 BP 2245 EP 2254 DI 10.2135/cropsci2013.02.0110 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 201BY UT WOS:000323116900044 ER PT J AU Castillo, MS Sollenberger, LE Ferrell, JA Blount, AR Williams, MJ Mackowiak, CL AF Castillo, Miguel S. Sollenberger, Lynn E. Ferrell, Jason A. Blount, Ann R. Williams, Mary J. Mackowiak, Cheryl L. TI Strategies to Control Competition to Strip-Planted Legume in a Warm-Season Grass Pasture SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FLORIGRAZE RHIZOMA PEANUT; ARACHIS-GLABRATA-BENTH; PERENNIAL PEANUT; NUTRITIVE-VALUE; ESTABLISHMENT; YIELD; EMERGENCE; GENOTYPES; NITROGEN; QUALITY AB Planting rhizoma peanut (RP) (Arachis glabrata Benth.) in tilled strips in existing bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flugge) pastures may be an option for establishing legume-grass mixtures in the U. S. Gulf Coast, but management during establishment is not well defined. The objectives were to determine the effect of weed control strategies and N fertilizer on RP establishment in the strip. Treatments were the factorial combinations of six weed control strategies- (i) control (no herbicide and no mowing), (ii) mowing (every 28 d to 10-cm stubble height), or a single application of herbicides (kg a.i. ha(-1)) (iii) pendimethalin (0.93), (iv) clethodim (0.10), (v) imazapic (0.07), or (vi) imazapic (0.07) plus 2,4-D amine (0.28)-and two N rates (0 and 50 kg ha(-1) yr(-1)). Cover (approximately 31%) and frequency (approximately 70%) of RP were not different in imazapic and imazapic plus 2,4-D treatments, but they were greater than in the other treatments (<10 and 25%, respectively). Light reaching the level of RP in the canopy in imazapic and imazapic plus 2,4-D treatments was >= 96% of incident light until July and was consistently greater than the other treatments. Nitrogen fertilization following herbicide treatment increased RP cover by 10 percentage points for imazapic and imazapic plus 2,4-D. Results indicate that imazapic or imazapic plus 2,4-D offer sufficient control of weed competition to improve establishment of strip-planted RP, and application of 50 kg N ha(-1) increases RP establishment if grass and weed competition is controlled. C1 [Castillo, Miguel S.; Sollenberger, Lynn E.; Ferrell, Jason A.] Univ Florida, Agron Dep, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Blount, Ann R.; Mackowiak, Cheryl L.] North Florida Res & Educ Ctr, Marianna, FL 32446 USA. [Williams, Mary J.] USDA NRCS, Gainesville, FL 32614 USA. RP Castillo, MS (reprint author), Univ Florida, Agron Dep, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM mcastillo@ufl.edu NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 20 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 53 IS 5 BP 2255 EP 2263 DI 10.2135/cropsci2012.11.0629 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 201BY UT WOS:000323116900045 ER PT J AU Peel, MD Ransom, CV Mott, IW AF Peel, Michael D. Ransom, Corey V. Mott, Ivan W. TI Natural Glyphosate Tolerance in Sainfoin (Onybrychis viciifolia) SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID LAMB PRODUCTION; ALFALFA; RESISTANCE; HORSEWEED; RUST AB Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.), a nonbloating forage legume, is purported to have tolerance to glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine]. The effect on biomass yield (BMY) and survival of eight rates of glyphosate on seedlings and mature plants were determined. Treatment rates were 0, 210, 420, 841, 1681, 3363, 6725, and 13,450 g ae ha(-1). Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) was included as susceptible check. The dose required to produce a 50% reduction (GR(50)) in sainfoin seedling BMY was 868 and 2984 g ae ha(-1) at the first and second harvests, respectively. Alfalfa seedling BMY GR(50) values were 331 and 463 g ae ha(-1) at the first and second harvests, respectively. The dose estimated to cause 50% mortality (LD50) in sainfoin seedlings was beyond the highest treatment rate at 14,016 g ae ha(-1), compared with alfalfa at 2068 g ae ha(-1). Four weeks after a spring treatment, sainfoin and alfalfa mature plant BMY GR(50) values were 2622 and 208 g ae ha(-1), respectively. Biomass yield GR(15) values from the same spring treatment were 1030 g ae ha(-1) for sainfoin and 66 g ae ha(-1) for alfalfa. Thirteen months following the spring treatments sainfoin and alfalfa GR(50) values averaged 11,007 and 1093 g ae ha(-1), respectively. Fall applied glyphosate BMY GR(50) values from harvests the following spring were 12,949 g ae ha(-1) for sainfoin and 755 g ae ha(-1) for alfalfa. The LD50 for sainfoin spring and fall treatments on mature plants was estimated to be well beyond the highest treatment rate 13,450 g ae ha(-1). The average LD50 for mature alfalfa plants was 583 g ae ha(-1). Based on the LD50 values, sainfoin seedlings are over six times more tolerant, and mature plants over 20 times more tolerant to glyphosate than alfalfa. Based on the GR(50) values, glyphosate has a 10-fold greater negative impact on alfalfa BMY than it does on sainfoin; however, the GR(15) values indicate a likely reduction in sainfoin BMY at glyphosate rates in the range of 841 g ae ha(-1). C1 [Peel, Michael D.; Mott, Ivan W.] Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Unit, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Ransom, Corey V.] Utah State Univ, Dep Plants Soils & Climate, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Peel, MD (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Unit, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM mike.peel@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 53 IS 5 BP 2275 EP 2282 DI 10.2135/cropsci2012.10.0612 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 201BY UT WOS:000323116900047 ER PT J AU van Mantgem, PJ Nesmith, JCB Keifer, M Knapp, EE Flint, A Flint, L AF van Mantgem, Phillip J. Nesmith, Jonathan C. B. Keifer, MaryBeth Knapp, Eric E. Flint, Alan Flint, Lorriane TI Climatic stress increases forest fire severity across the western United States SO ECOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Climate; fire effects; prescribed fire; tree mortality ID TREE MORTALITY-RATES; VEGETATION STRUCTURE; GLOBAL-CHANGE; DIE-OFF; DROUGHT; MECHANISMS; CALIFORNIA; FUELS; USA AB Pervasive warming can lead to chronic stress on forest trees, which may contribute to mortality resulting from fire-caused injuries. Longitudinal analyses of forest plots from across the western US show that high pre-fire climatic water deficit was related to increased post-fire tree mortality probabilities. This relationship between climate and fire was present after accounting for fire defences and injuries, and appeared to influence the effects of crown and stem injuries. Climate and fire interactions did not vary substantially across geographical regions, major genera and tree sizes. Our findings support recent physiological evidence showing that both drought and heating from fire can impair xylem conductivity. Warming trends have been linked to increasing probabilities of severe fire weather and fire spread; our results suggest that warming may also increase forest fire severity (the number of trees killed) independent of fire intensity (the amount of heat released during a fire). C1 [van Mantgem, Phillip J.; Nesmith, Jonathan C. B.] US Geol Survey, Redwood Field Stn, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Keifer, MaryBeth] Natl Pk Serv, Fire Management Program Ctr, Boise, ID 83705 USA. [Knapp, Eric E.] US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Redding, CA USA. [Flint, Alan; Flint, Lorriane] US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, Sacramento, CA USA. RP van Mantgem, PJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Redwood Field Stn, 1655 Heindon Rd, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. EM pvanmantgem@usgs.gov FU Joint Fire Science Program (JFSP) [09-3-01-68] FX We thank the many scientists and field crews who collected and organised the fire effects data. Laura Lalemand, Jon Hollis and Janelle Deshais assisted in the organisation of the database. Adrian Das, Jeffery Kane, Julie Yee and three anonymous referees provided helpful comments on the manuscript. This study was supported by grants from the Joint Fire Science Program (JFSP project number 09-3-01-68). Any use of trade names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 42 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 7 U2 115 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1461-023X J9 ECOL LETT JI Ecol. Lett. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 16 IS 9 BP 1151 EP 1156 DI 10.1111/ele.12151 PG 6 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 201QY UT WOS:000323159300005 PM 23869626 ER PT J AU Masek, JG Goward, SN Kennedy, RE Cohen, WB Moisen, GG Schleeweis, K Huang, CQ AF Masek, Jeffrey G. Goward, Samuel N. Kennedy, Robert E. Cohen, Warren B. Moisen, Gretchen G. Schleeweis, Karen Huang, Chengquan TI United States Forest Disturbance Trends Observed Using Landsat Time Series SO ECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE forest disturbance; remote sensing; landsat; forest ecology ID TROPICAL DEFORESTATION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SATELLITE DATA; NORTH-AMERICA; COVER LOSS; IMAGERY; BIODIVERSITY; SIMULATION; STRATEGIES; INVENTORY AB Disturbance events strongly affect the composition, structure, and function of forest ecosystems; however, existing US land management inventories were not designed to monitor disturbance. To begin addressing this gap, the North American Forest Dynamics (NAFD) project has examined a geographic sample of 50 Landsat satellite image time series to assess trends in forest disturbance across the conterminous United States for 1985-2005. The geographic sample design used a probability-based scheme to encompass major forest types and maximize geographic dispersion. For each sample location disturbance was identified in the Landsat series using the Vegetation Change Tracker (VCT) algorithm. The NAFD analysis indicates that, on average, 2.77 Mha y(-1) of forests were disturbed annually, representing 1.09% y(-1) of US forestland. These satellite-based national disturbance rates estimates tend to be lower than those derived from land management inventories, reflecting both methodological and definitional differences. In particular, the VCT approach used with a biennial time step has limited sensitivity to low-intensity disturbances. Unlike prior satellite studies, our biennial forest disturbance rates vary by nearly a factor of two between high and low years. High western US disturbance rates were associated with active fire years and insect activity, whereas variability in the east is more strongly related to harvest rates in managed forests. We note that generating a geographic sample based on representing forest type and variability may be problematic because the spatial pattern of disturbance does not necessarily correlate with forest type. We also find that the prevalence of diffuse, non-stand-clearing disturbance in US forests makes the application of a biennial geographic sample problematic. Future satellite-based studies of disturbance at regional and national scales should focus on wall-to-wall analyses with annual time step for improved accuracy. C1 [Masek, Jeffrey G.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Biospher Sci Lab Code 618, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Goward, Samuel N.; Schleeweis, Karen; Huang, Chengquan] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Kennedy, Robert E.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Cohen, Warren B.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Moisen, Gretchen G.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ogden, UT 84403 USA. RP Masek, JG (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Biospher Sci Lab Code 618, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM Jeffrey.G.Masek@nasa.gov RI Masek, Jeffrey/D-7673-2012; OI Huang, Chengquan/0000-0003-0055-9798 FU NASA Terrestrial Ecology Program; NASA Applied Sciences Program; US Forest Service (NASA) [NNG05GE55, NNX08AI26G, NNH11AR291] FX This study was supported by the NASA Terrestrial Ecology and Applied Sciences Programs and the US Forest Service (NASA Grants NNG05GE55 and NNX08AI26G for Goward, Huang, and Schleeweis; Interagency Agreement NNH11AR291 for Cohen). John Dwyer (USGS) is thanked for facilitating data access and addressing questions related to Landsat data quality. Eric Vermote (University of Maryland) and Greg Ederer (NASA GSFC) provided support for the Landsat preprocessing and atmospheric correction. NR 57 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 10 U2 97 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1432-9840 J9 ECOSYSTEMS JI Ecosystems PD SEP PY 2013 VL 16 IS 6 BP 1087 EP 1104 DI 10.1007/s10021-013-9669-9 PG 18 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 202UU UT WOS:000323246000012 ER PT J AU Goldman, D AF Goldman, D. TI Safety of Meat and Poultry Products at the US Department of Agriculture SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 44th Annual Meeting of the Environmental-Mutagenesis-and-Genomics-Society (EMGS) CY SEP 21-25, 2013 CL Monterey, CA SP Environm Mutagenesis & Genom Soc (EMGS) C1 [Goldman, D.] US Food Safety & Inspect Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 54 SU 1 BP S20 EP S20 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 205FV UT WOS:000323429400031 ER PT J AU Panthee, DR Labate, JA McGrath, MT Breksa, AP Robertson, LD AF Panthee, Dilip R. Labate, Joanne A. McGrath, Margaret T. Breksa, Andrew P., III Robertson, Larry D. TI Genotype and environmental interaction for fruit quality traits in vintage tomato varieties SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE Diversity analysis; Fruit quality; G x E interaction; Tomato; Vintage varieties ID POPULATION-STRUCTURE; LYCOPENE-CONTENT; STATISTICAL POWER; LYCOPERSICON; DIVERSITY; SAMPLE; SIZE; DOMESTICATION; GERMPLASM; PROGRAM AB Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is the second most highly consumed vegetable in the world after potato. Traits including physicochemical (lycopene, total titratable acid (TTA), total soluble solids (TSS) and vitamin C), morphological (fruit shape and size) and colors contribute to the overall fruit quality of tomato. The primary objective of the present study was to evaluate vintage tomato varieties representing a wide genetic background for fruit quality including physicochemical, morphological and color traits in multiple environments and to analyze consistency of their performances across locations. In order to achieve this objective, we acquired 44 vintage tomato varieties and evaluated them in five environments (NC, NY, OH in 2009, and NC and OH in 2010). Analysis of the data revealed that there was a significant (p < 0.01) difference among genotypes and environments for all quality traits, Genotype x Environment interaction was significant (p < 0.01) for all quality traits except for TSS. Broad-sense heritability of physicochemical traits ranged from 5.8 % (lycopene) to 35.7 % (TTA) whereas that for morphological traits ranged from 8.1 % (proximal eccentricity) to 97.3 % (fruit shape index external 1), and color from 69.0 % (a*-value) to 99.3 % (b*-value). Pearson's correlation analysis indicated that estimated lycopene content was negatively correlated with the other physicochemical traits whereas vitamin C, TSS and TTA were positively correlated with each other. Principal component analysis (PCA) based on phenotypic data identified five components explaining at least 82 % of the total variation. Cluster analysis based on phenotypic data revealed the clusters of vintage tomato varieties were not distinct whereas single nucleotide polymorphism data revealed three distinct populations. This information including heritability and correlation coefficients from the present study may be useful to tomato breeding programs to choose germplasm, improve the response to selection and simultaneously improve multiple traits for tomato fruit quality. C1 [Panthee, Dilip R.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Mt Hort Crops Res & Extens Ctr, Mills River, NC 28759 USA. [Labate, Joanne A.; Robertson, Larry D.] USDA ARS, Plant Genet Resources Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [McGrath, Margaret T.] Cornell Univ, Long Isl Hort Res & Extens Ctr, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Riverhead, NY 11901 USA. [Breksa, Andrew P., III] USDA ARS, Proc Foods Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Panthee, DR (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Mt Hort Crops Res & Extens Ctr, Mills River, NC 28759 USA. EM dilip_panthee@ncsu.edu FU Tomato Crop Germplasm Committee (CGC); CRIS [1910-21000-019-00D, 5325-41430-011-00D]; Microsoft Corporation FX This study was supported by the Tomato Crop Germplasm Committee (CGC), and CRIS Project no. 1910-21000-019-00D and 5325-41430-011-00D. We are thankful to Dr. David Francis for providing unpublished genotypic and phenotypic data of vintage tomato panel of SolCAP project to include in this manuscript. We are grateful to Matt Hofelich, Troy Aldrich, Susan M. Sheffer, Caroline Pigeat, Teri Balch, Sherri Tennies, Brian Cain, Candice Anderson, Phillip Sanders, Kelly Gaskill and George M. Fox for excellent technical support. We thank Esther van der Knaap for stimulating discussion. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Part of this work was carried out using the resources of the Computational Biology Service Unit from Cornell University which is partially funded by Microsoft Corporation. NR 45 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 45 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 EI 1573-5060 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD SEP PY 2013 VL 193 IS 2 BP 169 EP 182 DI 10.1007/s10681-013-0895-1 PG 14 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 206DW UT WOS:000323498800004 ER PT J AU Pae, M Wu, DY AF Pae, Munkyong Wu, Dayong TI Immunomodulating effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate from green tea: mechanisms and applications SO FOOD & FUNCTION LA English DT Review ID REGULATORY T-CELLS; INFLAMMATORY-BOWEL-DISEASE; EXPERIMENTAL AUTOIMMUNE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; COLLAGEN-INDUCED ARTHRITIS; NF-KAPPA-B; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; EXPERIMENTAL ALLERGIC ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; 67-KDA LAMININ RECEPTOR; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA AB Consuming green tea or its active ingredient, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), has been shown consistently to benefit the healthy functioning of several body systems. In the immune system specifically, accumulating evidence has revealed an immunomodulating effect of green tea/EGCG. Several types of immune cells in both the innate and adaptive immune systems are known to be affected in varying degrees by green tea/EGCG. Among them, the dramatic effect on T cell functions has been repeatedly demonstrated, including T cell activation, proliferation, differentiation, and production of cytokines. In particular, dysregulated T cell function with respect to different subsets of CD4(+) T cells is a critical pathogenic factor in the development of autoimmune inflammatory diseases. Recent studies have shown that EGCG affects the differentiation of naive CD4(+) T cells into different effector subsets in a way that would be expected to favorably impact autoimmunity. Consistent with these findings, studies using animal models of autoimmune diseases have reported disease improvement in animals treated with green tea/EGCG. Altogether, these studies identify and support the use of EGCG as a potential therapeutic agent in preventing and ameliorating T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases. Given the paucity of information in human studies, the translational value of these findings needs to be verified in future research. C1 [Pae, Munkyong] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Joslin Diabet Ctr, Cellular & Mol Physiol Sect, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Wu, Dayong] Tufts Univ, Nutr Immunol Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Pae, M (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Joslin Diabet Ctr, Cellular & Mol Physiol Sect, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM dayong.wu@tufts.edu FU USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2010-65200-20360]; USDA [58-1950-0-014] FX This project is supported by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture grant 2010-65200-20360 and the USDA contract #58-1950-0-014. The authors would like to thank Stephanie Marco for her assistance in the preparation of the manuscript. NR 159 TC 16 Z9 23 U1 4 U2 35 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2042-6496 EI 2042-650X J9 FOOD FUNCT JI Food Funct. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 4 IS 9 BP 1287 EP 1303 DI 10.1039/c3fo60076a PG 17 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Food Science & Technology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Food Science & Technology GA 204GP UT WOS:000323353500001 PM 23835657 ER PT J AU Angelino, D Berhow, M Ninfali, P Jeffery, EH AF Angelino, Donato Berhow, Mark Ninfali, Paolino Jeffery, Elizabeth H. TI Caecal absorption of vitexin-2-O-xyloside and its aglycone apigenin, in the rat SO FOOD & FUNCTION LA English DT Article ID SMALL-INTESTINE; FLAVONOIDS; METABOLISM; POLYPHENOLS; PHARMACOKINETICS; BIOAVAILABILITY; MICROFLORA; HAWTHORN; HUMANS AB The in vivo bioavailability of the flavone-C-glycosides has been little studied compared to their O-glycoside analogues, which are both more common in nature and considered more easily hydrolyzed than C-glycosides, by both enterocytes and gut microbiota. In this study, we used vitexin-2-O-xyloside (VOX), an apigenin-8-C-glucoside-2-O-xyloside, purified from seeds of Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris cicla), to investigate VOX absorption into portal blood compared to its aglycone, apigenin. We used a rat model in which we ligated the ileo- and colo-caecal junctions, then administered apigenin or VOX directly into the caecum. Blood samples were drawn from the portal vein at timed intervals over 40 min. The kinetic profile of appearance in portal blood of the compounds and their metabolites was evaluated by HPLC-ESI-MS. Apigenin was found in portal blood both as the aglycone and as an apigenin-glucuronide derivative. The VOX was found unchanged and as a reduced monoglycoside, which underwent glucuronidation. By collecting the bile, we confirmed that the liver received unchanged VOX, which was returned to the gut by enterohepatic recirculation for reabsorption from the ileum. The amount of apigenin and VOX remaining in the caecum accounted for similar to 15% and similar to 26%, respectively. These data show for the first time that the C-glycoside VOX is absorbed unchanged and undergoes enterohepatic recirculation in addition to hydrolysis to the monoglycoside, reduction and conjugation to form a bioavailable glucuronide. C1 [Angelino, Donato; Ninfali, Paolino] Univ Urbino Carlo Bo, Dept Biomol Sci, I-61022 Urbino, Italy. [Angelino, Donato; Jeffery, Elizabeth H.] Univ Illinois, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Berhow, Mark] USDA ARS, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Angelino, D (reprint author), Univ Urbino Carlo Bo, Dept Biomol Sci, I-61022 Urbino, Italy. EM ejeffery@illinois.edu RI Angelino, Donato/G-7894-2015; OI Angelino, Donato/0000-0002-5436-7428; NINFALI, PAOLINO/0000-0003-4471-725X FU USDA/AFRI [NIFA 2009-02961] FX This work was supported by a grant from USDA/AFRI, NIFA 2009-02961. NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 20 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2042-6496 J9 FOOD FUNCT JI Food Funct. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 4 IS 9 BP 1339 EP 1345 DI 10.1039/c3fo60047e PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Food Science & Technology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Food Science & Technology GA 204GP UT WOS:000323353500006 PM 23824306 ER PT J AU Neel, MC McKelvey, K Ryman, N Lloyd, MW Bull, RS Allendorf, FW Schwartz, MK Waples, RS AF Neel, M. C. McKelvey, K. Ryman, N. Lloyd, M. W. Bull, R. Short Allendorf, F. W. Schwartz, M. K. Waples, R. S. TI Estimation of effective population size in continuously distributed populations: there goes the neighborhood SO HEREDITY LA English DT Article DE genetic monitoring; inbreeding; isolation-by-distance; linkage disequilibrium; wahlund effect; wright's neighborhood ID CORAL-REEF FISH; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION; SUBDIVIDED POPULATIONS; HETEROZYGOTE-EXCESS; EFFECTIVE NUMBER; N-E; DISTANCE; DISPERSAL; PROGRAM AB Use of genetic methods to estimate effective population size (N-e) is rapidly increasing, but all approaches make simplifying assumptions unlikely to be met in real populations. In particular, all assume a single, unstructured population, and none has been evaluated for use with continuously distributed species. We simulated continuous populations with local mating structure, as envisioned by Wright's concept of neighborhood size (NS), and evaluated performance of a single-sample estimator based on linkage disequilibrium (LD), which provides an estimate of the effective number of parents that produced the sample (N-b). Results illustrate the interacting effects of two phenomena, drift and mixture, that contribute to LD. Samples from areas equal to or smaller than a breeding window produced estimates close to the NS. As the sampling window increased in size to encompass multiple genetic neighborhoods, mixture LD from a two-locus Wahlund effect overwhelmed the reduction in drift LD from incorporating offspring from more parents. As a consequence, (N) over cap (b) never approached the global N-e, even when the geographic scale of sampling was large. Results indicate that caution is needed in applying standard methods for estimating effective size to continuously distributed populations. C1 [Neel, M. C.; Lloyd, M. W.] Univ Maryland, Dept Plant Sci & Landscape Architecture, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Neel, M. C.; Lloyd, M. W.] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [McKelvey, K.; Schwartz, M. K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT USA. [Ryman, N.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Zool, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Bull, R. Short; Allendorf, F. W.] Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Waples, R. S.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA. RP Neel, MC (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Plant Sci & Landscape Architecture, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM mneel@umd.edu RI Schwartz, Michael/C-3184-2014; Waples, Robin/K-1126-2016; Lloyd, Michael/C-8430-2017 OI Schwartz, Michael/0000-0003-3521-3367; Lloyd, Michael/0000-0003-1021-8129 FU National Evolutionary Synthesis Center (NSF) [EF-0423641]; National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis; US National Science Foundation (NSF) [DEB-0553768]; University of California, Santa Barbara; State of California; Maryland Agricultural Experiment Station FX We thank the Genetic Monitoring Working Group for helpful discussions and feedback that greatly improved this work. This work was conducted as part of the Working Group on Genetic Monitoring: Development of Tools for Conservation and Management, jointly supported by the National Evolutionary Synthesis Center (NSF no. EF-0423641) and the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, a Center funded by the US National Science Foundation (NSF no. DEB-0553768), the University of California, Santa Barbara, and the State of California. MWL is partially supported by the Maryland Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 67 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 7 U2 121 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0018-067X J9 HEREDITY JI Heredity PD SEP PY 2013 VL 111 IS 3 BP 189 EP 199 DI 10.1038/hdy.2013.37 PG 11 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 202JA UT WOS:000323209400003 PM 23652561 ER PT J AU von Keyserlingk, MAG Martin, NP Kebreab, E Knowlton, KF Grant, RJ Stephenson, M Sniffen, CJ Harner, JR Wright, AD Smith, SI AF von Keyserlingk, M. A. G. Martin, N. P. Kebreab, E. Knowlton, K. F. Grant, R. J. Stephenson, M., II Sniffen, C. J. Harner, J. R., III Wright, A. D. Smith, S. I. TI Invited review: Sustainability of the US dairy industry SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE environment; social; economic; public attitude ID ANIMAL-WELFARE; ENVIRONMENTAL-IMPACT; MAJOR ADVANCES; FARM-ANIMALS; BOVINE SOMATOTROPIN; METHANE EMISSIONS; EGG-PRODUCTION; TAIL DOCKING; FOOD SYSTEM; CATTLE AB The US dairy industry has realized tremendous improvements in efficiencies and milk production since the 1940s. During this time, farm and total cow numbers have decreased and average herd size has increased. This intensification, combined with the shift to a largely urban public, has resulted in increased scrutiny of the dairy industry by social and environmental movements and increased concern regarding the dairy industry's sustainability. In response to these concerns, a group of scientists specializing in animal welfare, nutrient management, greenhouse gas emissions, animal science, agronomy, agricultural engineering, microbiology, and economics undertook a critical review of the US dairy industry. Although the US dairy system was identified as having significant strengths, the consensus was that the current structure of the industry lacks the resilience to adapt to changing social and environmental landscapes. We identified several factors affecting the sustainability of the US dairy industry, including climate change, rapid scientific and technological innovation, globalization, integration of societal values, and multidisciplinary research initiatives. Specific challenges include the westward migration of milk production in the United States (which is at odds with projected reductions in precipitation and associated limitations in water availability for cattle and crops), and the growing divide between industry practices and public perceptions, resulting in less public trust. Addressing these issues will require improved alignment between industry practices and societal values, based upon leadership from within the industry and sustained engagement with other interested participants, including researchers, consumers, and the general public. C1 [von Keyserlingk, M. A. G.] Univ British Columbia, Fac Land & Food Syst, Anim Welf Program, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z6, Canada. [Martin, N. P.] Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Kebreab, E.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Knowlton, K. F.] Virginia Tech, Dept Dairy Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Grant, R. J.] William H Miner Agr Res Inst, Chazy, NY 12921 USA. [Stephenson, M., II] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Dairy Profitabil, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Sniffen, C. J.] Fencrest LLC, Holderness, NH 03245 USA. [Harner, J. R., III] Kansas State Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Wright, A. D.] Univ Vermont, Dept Anim Sci, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Smith, S. I.] USDA, Natl Inst Food & Agr, Washington, DC 20024 USA. RP Martin, NP (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM nina@mail.ubc.ca RI Kebreab, Ermias/E-9113-2012 OI Kebreab, Ermias/0000-0002-0833-1352 FU Sesnon Endowed Chair program (University of California-Davis) FX We thank the 3 anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments that greatly improved this review. Robert Roberts (Penn State University, University Park, PA), Peter Krawczel (University of Tennessee, Knoxville), Erin Fitzgerald and Juan Tricarico (Dairy Innovation Center, Rosemont, IL), and Roger Cady (Elanco Animal Health, Greenfield, IL) are thanked for their contributions to our discussions at various stages of this exercise. We thank Julie Huzzey (University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada) for her help with Figure 2. M. A. G. von Keyserlingk thanks her colleagues in the Animal Welfare Program (University of British Columbia), particularly Dan Weary and David Fraser, for the numerous discussions over the last decade that helped shape many of the arguments presented in this paper. E. Kebreab thanks the Sesnon Endowed Chair program (University of California-Davis) for providing funds to participate in the meetings and discussions. We also thank the William H. Miner Agricultural Research Institute (Chazy, NY), Elanco Animal Health, and the Dairy Innovation Center for providing the meeting places that allowed this group to meet face to face. NR 135 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 22 U2 229 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 EI 1525-3198 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 96 IS 9 BP 5405 EP 5425 DI 10.3168/jds.2012-6354 PG 21 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 202AK UT WOS:000323185600001 PM 23831089 ER PT J AU Spencer, DF Colby, L Norris, GR AF Spencer, David F. Colby, Liz Norris, Gregory R. TI An evaluation of flooding risks associated with giant reed (Arundo donax) SO JOURNAL OF FRESHWATER ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE aquatic plant management; Manning's n; HEC-RAS model; invasive species; flooding ID MACROPHYTES; VEGETATION; VELOCITIES; FLOW AB The presence of vegetation in a channel may influence water movement in the channel and the surrounding land in several ways. One hypothesis is that increased abundance of the invasive plant Arundo donax in a watercourse contributes to increased flooding risk. To test this hypothesis, we determined Manning's coefficient for A. donax and subsequently used it in the HEC-RAS model to estimate the impact that A. donax has on flooding risks at three sites within two moderately sized northern California rivers. The mean value for Manning's coefficient for A. donax was 0.066, and it varied from 0.019 to 0.121 (n = 37). Model simulations showed that A. donax within a stream channel had a direct effect on flooded area, causing increases up to 10% above baseline conditions, which represent cross sections with no A. donax present. Storm size also affected A. donax's impact on the size of the flooded area. Using the maximum value for Manning's n for A. donax in the simulations resulted in an increase in the flooded area from 10% to 19% compared to simulations in which there was no A. donax present. Impacts of A. donax on other stream systems could differ, but they can be estimated using the value for Manning's n for A. donax provided in this study. This information can be used in conjunction with natural resource conditions, such as soil type, to prioritize areas for A. donax management. C1 [Spencer, David F.] USDA ARS Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Colby, Liz] USDA Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Charleston, SC 29406 USA. [Norris, Gregory R.] USDA Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Spencer, DF (reprint author), USDA ARS Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM david.spencer@ars.usda.gov FU CALFED Ecosystem Restoration Program; Arundo Eradication and Coordination Program; CALFED Project [ERP-02D-P68] FX W. Tan, I. Liow, and G. Ksander, USDA ARS, Davis, California assisted with field data collection. J. Watson and the Cache Creek Nature Conservancy provided access to Cache Creek sites, and A. Singh assisted with access to the Stony Creek sites. This research was funded in part by CALFED Ecosystem Restoration Program, Arundo Eradication and Coordination Program, and CALFED Project No. ERP-02D-P68. Additional assistance was provided by watershed partners and the members of Team Arundo del Norte. Mention of a manufacturer does not constitute a warranty or guarantee of the product by the US Department of Agriculture nor an endorsement over other products not mentioned. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 23 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0270-5060 J9 J FRESHWATER ECOL JI J. Freshw. Ecol. PD SEP 1 PY 2013 VL 28 IS 3 BP 397 EP 409 DI 10.1080/02705060.2013.769467 PG 13 WC Ecology; Limnology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 202TH UT WOS:000323242000009 ER PT J AU Arthur, FH Starkus, L Smith, CM Phillips, TW AF Arthur, Frank H. Starkus, Laura Smith, C. Michael Phillips, Thomas W. TI Methodology for determining susceptibility of rough rice to Rhyzopertha dominica and Sitotroga cerealella SO JOURNAL OF PEST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Rice; Insects; Susceptibility; Development ID ANGOUMOIS GRAIN MOTHS; MILLED RICE; VARIETIES; RESISTANCE; GELECHIIDAE; LEPIDOPTERA; BOSTRICHIDAE; COLEOPTERA; INSECTS; BORERS AB Varieties of rough rice, Oryzae sativa (L.), were obtained from different sources in the south-central United States and evaluated for susceptibility to the lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (Fab.), and the Angoumois grain moth, Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier), in laboratory studies. Adult R. dominica were fed on the rice varieties for 2 weeks, removed, and assessed for progeny production after an additional 6 weeks. Sitotroga cerealella susceptibility was evaluated by exposing two mating pairs of moths on a particular variety until the adults died. Rhyzopertha dominica parental survival, progeny production, and feeding damage by parental and progeny adults were variable, with survival ranging from 19.4 to 95 %. Rhyzopertha dominica parental feeding damage, progeny production, and progeny feeding damage were all correlated (r = 0.35-0.97, P < 0.001). Parental feeding of R. dominica provided access for neonate larvae to infest the rice hull. All rice varieties supported development of S. cerealella, and the variety Vista, which did not support growth of R. dominica, was one of the most susceptible varieties to S. cerealella. Progeny production of both species was generally correlated, but we observed only two instances of specific correlation for any rice variety. Results show that differences in variety susceptibility to stored product insects and differential susceptibility among species are important factors to consider when developing insect pest management programs for stored rice. C1 [Arthur, Frank H.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Starkus, Laura; Smith, C. Michael; Phillips, Thomas W.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Starkus, Laura] Arkansas State Univ, Dept Biol, Jonesboro, AR 72467 USA. RP Arthur, FH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM frank.arthur@ars.usda.gov FU USDA/CSREES Risk Avoidance and Mitigation Program [00-511-01-9674] FX We thank D. Kanter, S. Lindscombe, K. Moldehauer, A. McClung, and L. T. Wilson for providing samples of rice varieties used in this study. We also thank R. J. Whitworth for reviewing this paper prior to journal submission. This paper reports the results of research only. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Kansas State University, or Arkansas State University. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Funding was provided by the USDA/CSREES Risk Avoidance and Mitigation Program Award No. 00-511-01-9674. This paper is contribution no. 13-059-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 10 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1612-4758 J9 J PEST SCI JI J. Pest Sci. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 86 IS 3 BP 499 EP 505 DI 10.1007/s10340-013-0481-2 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 205HL UT WOS:000323434200013 ER PT J AU Arthur, FH AF Arthur, Frank H. TI Dosage rate, temperature, and food source provisioning affect susceptibility of Tribolium castaneum and Tribolium confusum to chlorfenapyr SO JOURNAL OF PEST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Chlorfenapyr; Insecticides; Control; Sanitation; Starvation; Tribolium castaneum; Tribolium confusum ID PRODUCT INSECT PESTS; RESIDUAL EFFICACY; SEASONAL PATTERNS; FLOUR BEETLE; COLEOPTERA; CONCRETE; TENEBRIONIDAE; SPINOSAD; POPULATIONS; FUMIGATION AB A series of experiments were conducted to evaluate residual efficacy of the insecticidal pyrrolle chlorfenapyr (Phantom(A (R))) on treated concrete for control of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), assess development of progeny from exposed parental adults, and to determine if starvation before exposure with or without a flour food source increased susceptibility of adult T. castaneum and adult Tribolium confusum Jacqueline du Val to chlorfenapyr. No adults survived exposure on concrete treated with chlorfenapyr at the maximum label rate of 1.1 g active ingredient (AI)/m(2), and no progeny were produced in bioassays conducted at 0-8 weeks posttreatment. In the second test, application rates were reduced, and bioassays were conducted at 27 and 32 A degrees C. Adult survival and progeny production decreased as the application rate increased from 28 to 225 mg AI/m(2), and survival and progeny production were generally lower at 32 A degrees C than at 27 A degrees C, but at higher rates survival was < 1 %, and no progeny were produced. In the final test, adult T. castaneum and adult T. confusum were starved for 1-7 days and then exposed either with or without flour on concrete treated with 3.9 and 27.5 mg AI chlorfenapyr/m(2). Mortality generally increased with starvation time, the presence of a food source led to decreased mortality at both application rates, and T. confusum was the more susceptible of the two species. Results show that chlorfenapyr could effectively control both species, but precise dosage levels need to be determined. Also, the presence of a food source greatly compromises adult control. C1 ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Arthur, FH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM frank.arthur@ars.usda.gov FU BASF Corporation FX The author thanks B. Barnett and K. Hilger for technical assistance. The author also thanks the BASF Corporation for providing insecticide used in the study and for partial financial support. This paper reports the results of research only. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 24 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 20 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1612-4758 J9 J PEST SCI JI J. Pest Sci. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 86 IS 3 BP 507 EP 513 DI 10.1007/s10340-013-0495-9 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 205HL UT WOS:000323434200014 ER PT J AU Ashby, RD McAloon, AJ Solaiman, DKY Yee, WC Reed, M AF Ashby, Richard D. McAloon, Andrew J. Solaiman, Daniel K. Y. Yee, Winnie C. Reed, Marshall TI A Process Model for Approximating the Production Costs of the Fermentative Synthesis of Sophorolipids SO JOURNAL OF SURFACTANTS AND DETERGENTS LA English DT Article DE Sophorolipids; Economic analysis; Process model; Cost estimate; High oleic sunflower oil; Oleic acid ID SOPHOROSE LIPID PRODUCTION; CANDIDA-BOMBICOLA; OIL; BIOSURFACTANT; SUBSTRATE; SEPSIS AB Sophorolipids are microbial glycolipids that possess surfactant-type properties. Sophorolipids have been tested successfully in a number of potential industrial and niche applications but are generally acknowledged to require higher production costs when compared to petroleum-based surfactants. The objective of this study was to develop a process economic model for the fermentative synthesis of sophorolipids using contemporary process simulation software and current reagent, equipment, and supply costs, following current production practices. Glucose (Glc) and either high oleic sunflower oil (HOSO) or oleic acid (OA) were used as feedstocks and the annual production capacity of the plant was set at 90.7 million kg/year with continuous operation of 24 h a day for 330 days per year. Major equipment costs were calculated to be US$17.1 million but other considerations such as capital, labor, material and utilities costs were also included. The single greatest contributor to the overall production/operating cost was raw materials, which accounted for 89 and 87 % of the total estimated production expenditures for the HOSO and OA-based fermentations, respectively. Based on this model and yields of 100 g/L, the cost of large-scale sophorolipid synthesis via fermentation from Glc:HOSO was calculated to be US$2.95/kg ($1.34/lb) and from Glc:OA to be US$2.54/kg ($1.15/lb). The model is flexible and can be adjusted to reflect changes in capital, production and feedstock costs as well as changes in the type of feedstocks used. C1 [Ashby, Richard D.; McAloon, Andrew J.; Solaiman, Daniel K. Y.; Yee, Winnie C.; Reed, Marshall] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Ashby, RD (reprint author), ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM Rick.Ashby@ars.usda.gov RI roques, christine/D-9889-2014 NR 30 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 6 U2 34 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1097-3958 J9 J SURFACTANTS DETERG JI J. Surfactants Deterg. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 16 IS 5 BP 683 EP 691 DI 10.1007/s11743-013-1466-0 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 203WW UT WOS:000323326300004 ER PT J AU O'Neill, SM Lahm, PW Fitch, MJ Broughton, M AF O'Neill, Susan M. Lahm, Peter W. Fitch, Mark J. Broughton, Mike TI Summary and analysis of approaches linking visual range, PM2.5 concentrations, and air quality health impact indices for wildfires SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article AB Several U.S. state and tribal agencies and other countries have implemented a methodology developed in the arid intermountain western U.S. where short-term (1- to 3-hr) particulate matter (PM) with aerodynamic diameters less than 2.5 mu m (PM2.5) concentrations are estimated from an observed visual range (VR) measurement. This PM2.5 concentration estimate is then linked to a public health warning scale to inform the public about potential health impacts from smoke from wildfire. This methodology is often used where monitoring data do not exist (such as many rural areas). This work summarizes the various approaches, highlights the potential for wildfire smoke impact messaging conflicts at state and international borders, and highlights the need to define consistent short-term health impact category breakpoint categories. Is air quality unhealthy when 1- to 3-hr PM2.5 is 139 mu g/m(3) as specified in the Wildfire Smoke, A Guide for Public Health Officials? Or is air quality unhealthy when 1- to 3-hr PM2.5 is 88.6 g/m(3) as specified in the Montana categorizations? This work then examines the relationship between visual range and PM2.5 concentrations using data from the Interagency Monitoring of PROtected Visual Environments (IMPROVE) program and the IMPROVE extinction coefficient (ext) equation to simulate an atmosphere dominated by smoke for sites in the arid intermountain western U.S. and great plains. This was accomplished by rearranging the ext equation to solve for organic mass as a function of VR. The results show that PM2.5 and VR are related by PM2.5 = 622 * VR-0.98 with a correlation of 0.99 and that at low VR values (<10 km) a small change in VR results in a large change in PM2.5 concentrations. The results also show that relative humidity and the presence of hygroscopic pollutants from sources other than fire can change the VR/PM2.5 relationships, especially at PM2.5 concentrations less than approximately 90 mu g/m(3). Implications: This work illustrates the limitations of current approaches linking VR, PM2.5 concentrations, and air quality health impact indices. It is the first published summary of known VR/PM2.5/health impact approaches nationally and internationally and the first application of the IMPROVE data and extinction coefficient equation to investigate these approaches scientifically for smoke-filled atmospheres. These VR/PM2.5/health impact indices are used to estimate PM2.5 concentrations when monitoring data are not available in order to inform the public during periods of wildfire smoke impacts. This work also offers discussion points to inform future work. C1 [O'Neill, Susan M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Seattle, WA 98116 USA. [Lahm, Peter W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Fitch, Mark J.] Natl Pk Serv, Boise, ID USA. [Broughton, Mike] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Lakewood, CO USA. RP O'Neill, SM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, 400 N 34th St,Suite 201, Seattle, WA 98116 USA. EM smoneill@fs.fed.us FU Joint Fire Science Program (JFSP) project "Sub-canopy Transport and Dispersion of Smoke: A Unique Observation Dataset and Model Evaluation" [09-1-04-2] FX The National Wildfire Coordinating Group (NWCG) Smoke Committee (SmoC) provided the impetus for this work and the authors thank the SmoC for their insightful and spirited discussions on this topic. The authors also thank John Coefield and the Montana Department of Environmental Quality for discussing the original development of this methodology. The authors also want to thank visibility experts Bill Malm, Scott Copeland, and Bret Schichtel for providing their insights and expertise. Finally, the authors thank the Joint Fire Science Program (JFSP) project "Sub-canopy Transport and Dispersion of Smoke: A Unique Observation Dataset and Model Evaluation" (project #09-1-04-2) for supporting the publication of this work. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 26 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1096-2247 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PD SEP 1 PY 2013 VL 63 IS 9 BP 1083 EP 1090 DI 10.1080/10962247.2013.806275 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 202UL UT WOS:000323245000010 PM 24151683 ER PT J AU Loving, CL Lager, KM Vincent, AL Brockmeier, SL Gauger, PC Anderson, TK Kitikoon, P Perez, DR Kehrli, ME AF Loving, Crystal L. Lager, Kelly M. Vincent, Amy L. Brockmeier, Susan L. Gauger, Phillip C. Anderson, Tavis K. Kitikoon, Pravina Perez, Daniel R. Kehrli, Marcus E., Jr. TI Efficacy in Pigs of Inactivated and Live Attenuated Influenza Virus Vaccines against Infection and Transmission of an Emerging H3N2 Similar to the 2011-2012 H3N2v SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID NORTH-AMERICAN SWINE; UNITED-STATES; A VIRUS; H1N1 2009; VACCINATION; HUMANS; PATHOGENICITY; REASSORTMENT; PROTECTION; ANTIBODIES AB Vaccines provide a primary means to limit disease but may not be effective at blocking infection and pathogen transmission. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of commercial inactivated swine influenza A virus (IAV) vaccines and experimental live attenuated influenza virus (LAIV) vaccines against infection with H3N2 virus and subsequent indirect transmission to naive pigs. The H3N2 virus evaluated was similar to the H3N2v detected in humans during 2011-2012, which was associated with swine contact at agricultural fairs. One commercial vaccine provided partial protection measured by reduced nasal shedding; however, indirect contacts became infected, indicating that the reduction in nasal shedding did not prevent aerosol transmission. One LAIV vaccine provided complete protection, and none of the indirect-contact pigs became infected. Clinical disease was not observed in any group, including nonvaccinated animals, a consistent observation in pigs infected with contemporary reassortant H3N2 swine viruses. Serum hemagglutination inhibition antibody titers against the challenge virus were not predictive of efficacy; titers following vaccination with a LAIV that provided sterilizing immunity were below the level considered protective, yet titers in a commercial vaccine group that was not protected were above that level. While vaccination with currently approved commercial inactivated products did not fully prevent transmission, certain vaccines may provide a benefit by limitating shedding, transmission, and zoonotic spillover of antigenically similar H3N2 viruses at agriculture fairs when administered appropriately and used in conjunction with additional control measures. C1 [Loving, Crystal L.; Lager, Kelly M.; Vincent, Amy L.; Brockmeier, Susan L.; Anderson, Tavis K.; Kitikoon, Pravina; Kehrli, Marcus E., Jr.] ARS, Virus & Prion Dis Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. [Gauger, Phillip C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Vet Diagnost & Prod Anim Med, Ames, IA USA. [Perez, Daniel R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Vet Med, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Perez, Daniel R.] Univ Maryland, Virginia Maryland Reg Coll Vet Med, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Loving, CL (reprint author), ARS, Virus & Prion Dis Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. EM crystal.loving@ars.usda.gov OI Perez, Daniel/0000-0002-6569-5689; Anderson, Tavis/0000-0002-3138-5535 FU USDA-ARS FX This work was supported by USDA-ARS. The rH3N2p virus (IN12) used in this study was obtained from the USDA-APHIS-National Veterinary Service Laboratory through the USDA-National Animal Health Laboratory Network (NAHLN) Influenza Virus Surveillance System for swine. NR 39 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 23 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X EI 1098-5514 J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 87 IS 17 BP 9895 EP 9903 DI 10.1128/JVI.01038-13 PG 9 WC Virology SC Virology GA 201NO UT WOS:000323148500046 PM 23824815 ER PT J AU Heekin, AM Guerrero, FD Bendele, KG Saldivar, L Scoles, GA Dowd, SE Gondro, C Nene, V Djikeng, A Brayton, KA AF Heekin, Andrew M. Guerrero, Felix D. Bendele, Kylie G. Saldivar, Leo Scoles, Glen A. Dowd, Scot E. Gondro, Cedric Nene, Vishvanath Djikeng, Appolinaire Brayton, Kelly A. TI Gut transcriptome of replete adult female cattle ticks, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus, feeding upon a Babesia bovis-infected bovine host SO PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID AMERICAN DOG TICK; DERMACENTOR-VARIABILIS ACARI; PROBE LEVEL DATA; LARGE GENE LISTS; HARD TICK; BIOCHEMICAL-CHARACTERIZATION; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION; MICROARRAY ANALYSIS; PROTEIN AB As it feeds upon cattle, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus is capable of transmitting a number of pathogenic organisms, including the apicomplexan hemoparasite Babesia bovis, a causative agent of bovine babesiosis. The R. microplus female gut transcriptome was studied for two cohorts: adult females feeding on a bovine host infected with B. bovis and adult females feeding on an uninfected bovine. RNA was purified and used to generate a subtracted cDNA library from B. bovis-infected female gut, and 4,077 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were sequenced. Gene expression was also measured by a microarray designed from the publicly available R. microplus gene index: BmiGI Version 2. We compared gene expression in the tick gut from females feeding upon an uninfected bovine to gene expression in tick gut from females feeding upon a splenectomized bovine infected with B. bovis. Thirty-three ESTs represented on the microarray were expressed at a higher level in female gut samples from the ticks feeding upon a B. bovis-infected calf compared to expression levels in female gut samples from ticks feeding on an uninfected calf. Forty-three transcripts were expressed at a lower level in the ticks feeding upon B. bovis-infected female guts compared with expression in female gut samples from ticks feeding on the uninfected calf. These array data were used as initial characterization of gene expression associated with the infection of R. microplus by B. bovis. C1 [Heekin, Andrew M.; Guerrero, Felix D.; Bendele, Kylie G.] ARS, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, USDA, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. [Saldivar, Leo] Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Math, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. [Scoles, Glen A.] ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Dowd, Scot E.] Mol Res, Shallowater, TX 79363 USA. [Gondro, Cedric] Univ New England, Inst Genet & Bioinformat, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia. [Nene, Vishvanath; Djikeng, Appolinaire] ILRI, Nairobi, Kenya. [Nene, Vishvanath; Djikeng, Appolinaire] Biosci Eastern & Cent Africa BecA Hub, Nairobi, Kenya. [Brayton, Kelly A.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Program Vector Borne Dis, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Guerrero, FD (reprint author), ARS, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, USDA, 2700 Fredericksburg Rd, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. EM felix.guerrero@ars.usda.gov RI gondro, cedric/B-4362-2010 OI gondro, cedric/0000-0003-0666-656X FU National Research Initiative of the USDA CSREES grant [2005-35604-15440] FX AH participated in the bioinformatic analysis of the subtracted library and drafted the manuscript. FDG conceived the study, participated in the design, data collection, and analysis of the study and helped draft the manuscript. KGB participated in the data collection, data analysis, and designed the RT-PCR verification study. LS, SED, and CG participated in analysis of the microarray data; GAS participated in the overall study design and collection of tick materials. VN, SED, and AD participated in the study design and coordinated the sequencing phases. KAB participated in the study design and microarray experimental design. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. LS was supported by the National Research Initiative of the USDA CSREES grant #2005-35604-15440 (to KAB and FDG). This article reports the results of research only. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation of endorsement by the USDA. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 61 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 21 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0932-0113 J9 PARASITOL RES JI Parasitol. Res. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 112 IS 9 BP 3075 EP 3090 DI 10.1007/s00436-013-3482-4 PG 16 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 205EK UT WOS:000323424900001 PM 23749091 ER PT J AU Zhao, J Wang, L Wang, ZY Chen, XM Zhang, HC Yao, JN Zhan, GM Chen, W Huang, LL Kang, ZS AF Zhao, Jie Wang, Long Wang, Zhiyan Chen, Xianming Zhang, Hongchang Yao, Juanni Zhan, Gangming Chen, Wen Huang, Lili Kang, Zhensheng TI Identification of Eighteen Berberis Species as Alternate Hosts of Puccinia striiformis f. sp tritici and Virulence Variation in the Pathogen Isolates from Natural Infection of Barberry Plants in China SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE pathotypes ID WHEAT STRIPE RUST; UNITED-STATES; YELLOW RUST; DIVERSITY; RECOMBINATION AB The wheat stripe rust pathogen (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) population in China has been reported to be a distinct genetic group with higher diversity than those in many other countries. Genetic recombination in the P. striiformis f. sp. tritici population has been identified with molecular markers but whether sexual reproduction occurs in China is unknown. In this study, we surveyed barberry plants for infection by rust fungi in the stripe rust "hotspot" regions in Gansu, Sichuan, and Shaanxi provinces; collected barberry plants and inoculated plants of 20 Berberis spp. with germinated teliospores under controlled greenhouse conditions for susceptibility to P. striiformis f. sp. tritici; and tested P. striiformis f. sp. tritici isolates obtained from aecia on naturally infected barberry plants on the wheat genotypes used to differentiate Chinese P. striiformis f. sp. tritici races to determine virulence variations. Different Berberis spp. were widely distributed and most surveyed plants had pycnia and aecia of rust fungi throughout the surveyed regions. In total, 28 Berberis spp. were identified during our study. From 20 Berberis spp. tested with teliospores of P. striiformis f. sp. tritici from wheat plants, 18 species were susceptible under greenhouse conditions. Among 3,703 aecia sampled from barberry plants of three species (Berberis shensiana, B. brachypoda, and B. soulieana) under natural infections in Gansu and Shaanxi provinces, four produced P striiformis f. sp. tritici uredinia on susceptible wheat 'Mingxian 169'. Sequence of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of the four isolates from barberry shared 99% identity with the P. striiformis f. sp. tritici sequences in the National Center for Biotechnology Information database. The four isolates had virulence patterns different from all previously reported races collected from wheat plants. Furthermore, 82 single-uredinium isolates obtained from the four barberry isolates had high virulence diversity rates of 9.0 to 28.1%, indicating that the diverse isolates were produced through sexual reproduction on barberry plants under natural conditions. In addition to P. striiformis f. sp. tritici, sequence analysis of polymerase chain reaction products of the ITS regions and inoculation tests on wheat identified P. graminis (the stem rust pathogen). Our results indicated that P striiformis f. sp. tritici can infect some Berberis spp. under natural conditions, and the sexual cycle of the fungus may contribute to the diversity of P. striiformis f. sp. tritici in China. C1 [Zhao, Jie; Wang, Long; Wang, Zhiyan; Zhang, Hongchang; Yao, Juanni; Zhan, Gangming; Chen, Wen; Huang, Lili; Kang, Zhensheng] Northwest A&F Univ, Key State Lab Crop Stress Biol Arid Areas, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Zhao, Jie; Wang, Long; Wang, Zhiyan; Yao, Juanni; Zhan, Gangming; Chen, Wen; Huang, Lili; Kang, Zhensheng] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Chen, Xianming] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chen, Xianming] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Zhang, Hongchang] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Life Sci, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. RP Kang, ZS (reprint author), Northwest A&F Univ, Key State Lab Crop Stress Biol Arid Areas, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM kangzs@nwsuaf.edu.cn FU National Key Basic Research Program of China [2013CB127700]; International Science & Technology Co-operation Program of China [2011DFG32990]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31271986]; Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System in China [CARS-3-1-11]; 111 Project from the Ministry of Education of China [B07049] FX This study was supported by National Key Basic Research Program of China (2013CB127700), International Science & Technology Co-operation Program of China (2011DFG32990), National Natural Science Foundation of China (31271986), Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System in China (CARS-3-1-11), and the 111 Project from the Ministry of Education of China (B07049). NR 37 TC 21 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 31 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD SEP PY 2013 VL 103 IS 9 BP 927 EP 934 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-09-12-0249-R PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 204XM UT WOS:000323404600006 PM 23514262 ER PT J AU Jossey, S Hobbs, HA Domier, LL AF Jossey, Sushma Hobbs, Houston A. Domier, Leslie L. TI Role of Soybean mosaic virus-Encoded Proteins in Seed and Aphid Transmission in Soybean SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HELPER COMPONENT-PROTEINASE; LONG-DISTANCE MOVEMENT; COAT PROTEIN; CAPSID PROTEIN; PLANT-VIRUSES; N-TERMINUS; POTYVIRUS; GENE; EXPRESSION; RNA AB Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) is seed and aphid transmitted and can cause significant reductions in yield and seed quality in soybean (Glycine max). The roles in seed and aphid transmission of selected SMV-encoded proteins were investigated by constructing mutants in and chimeric recombinants between SMV 413 (efficiently aphid and seed transmitted) and an isolate of SMV G2 (not aphid or seed transmitted). As previously reported, the DAG amino acid sequence motif near the amino terminus of the coat protein (CP) was the major determinant in differences in aphid transmissibility of the two SMV isolates, and helper component proteinase (HC-Pro) played a secondary role. Seed transmission of SMV was influenced by P1, HC-Pro, and CP. Replacement of the P1 coding region of SMV 413 with that of SMV G2 significantly enhanced seed transmissibility of SMV 413. Substitution in SMV 413 of the two amino acids that varied in the CPs of the two isolates with those from SMV G2, G to D in the DAG motif and Q to P near the carboxyl terminus, significantly reduced seed transmission. The Q-to-P substitution in SMV 413 also abolished virus-induced seed-coat mottling in plant introduction 68671. This is the first report associating P1, CP, and the DAG motif with seed transmission of a potyvirus and suggests that HC-Pro interactions with CP are important for multiple functions in the virus infection cycle. C1 [Jossey, Sushma; Hobbs, Houston A.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Domier, Leslie L.] Univ Illinois, USDA ARS, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Domier, LL (reprint author), Univ Illinois, USDA ARS, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM leslie.domier@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension and Agricultural Research Services; North Central Soybean Association FX This work was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension and Agricultural Research Services and the North Central Soybean Association. We thank N. McCoppin for assistance with the aphid transmission experiments and C. Hill for providing Aphis glycine used for the aphid transmission experiments. Mention of a trademark, proprietary product, or vendor does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the United States Department of Agriculture or the University of Illinois and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products or vendors that may also be suitable. NR 61 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 26 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD SEP PY 2013 VL 103 IS 9 BP 941 EP 948 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-09-12-0248-R PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 204XM UT WOS:000323404600008 PM 23927427 ER PT J AU Gealy, DR Moldenhauer, KAK Jia, MH AF Gealy, David R. Moldenhauer, Karen A. K. Jia, Melissa H. TI Field performance of STG06L-35-061, a new genetic resource developed from crosses between weed-suppressive indica rice and commercial southern US long-grains SO PLANT AND SOIL LA English DT Article DE Weed suppression; Allelopathy; SSR marker; SNLP marker; Chromosomal introgression ID ORYZA-SATIVA L.; ALLELOPATHIC RICE; MOMILACTONE-B; WINTER-WHEAT; REGISTRATION; COMPETITIVENESS; MANAGEMENT; SEEDLINGS; TRAITS; MARKER AB Weed control in rice is challenging, particularly in light of increased resistance to herbicides in weed populations including Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. Indica rice cultivars can produce high yields and suppress barnyardgrass, but have not been commercially acceptable in the U.S. due to inferior agronomic traits and grain quality. Our objectives were to combine high yield and weed-suppressive characteristics from indica cultivars with commercially acceptable grain quality and plant types from long-grain cultivars grown in the southern U.S. Crosses between indica and commercial tropical japonica (cv. Katy, and cv. Drew) rice were evaluated for weed suppression and agronomic traits in a breeding program. In some tests, the selection STG06L-35-061 was nearly as weed suppressive as PI 312777, the suppressive parent, and more suppressive than its tropical japonica parents. Its main crop yield is commercially acceptable, and intermediate between PI 312777 and Katy. Its milling quality and cooking quality are similar to long-grain commercial cultivars, and it has resistance to rice blast disease. Marker analyses identified introgressions from the indica parents on chromosomes 1 and 3 of STG06L-35-061 that require further analysis as possible sources of weed suppressive traits. STG06L-35-061 might be suitable for organic rice or reduced input conventional systems. C1 [Gealy, David R.; Jia, Melissa H.] USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Moldenhauer, Karen A. K.] Univ Arkansas, Div Agr, Rice Res & Extens Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. RP Gealy, DR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. EM David.Gealy@ars.usda.gov NR 76 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 28 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-079X J9 PLANT SOIL JI Plant Soil PD SEP PY 2013 VL 370 IS 1-2 BP 277 EP 293 DI 10.1007/s11104-013-1587-2 PG 17 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 202XG UT WOS:000323253500020 ER PT J AU Smith, TE Grattan, SR Grieve, CM Poss, JA Lauchli, AE Suarez, DL AF Smith, T. E. Grattan, S. R. Grieve, C. M. Poss, J. A. Laeuchli, A. E. Suarez, D. L. TI pH dependent salinity-boron interactions impact yield, biomass, evapotranspiration and boron uptake in broccoli (Brassica oleracea L.) SO PLANT AND SOIL LA English DT Article DE Salinity; Boron; pH; Broccoli; B uptake; Evapotranspiration; Interactions ID EXCESS BORON; TRANSPORT MECHANISMS; MINERAL-COMPOSITION; ION RELATIONS; GROWTH; WHEAT; TOXICITY; SOILS; WATER; SALT AB Soil pH is known to influence many important biochemical processes in plants and soils, however its role in salinity-boron interactions affecting plant growth and ion relations has not been examined. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the interactive effects of salinity, boron and soil solution pH on broccoli (Brassica oleracea L.) growth, yield, consumptive water use and shoot-boron accumulation. A greenhouse experiment was conducted using a sand tank system where salinity-B-pH treatment solutions were supplemented with a complete nutrient solution. Sulfate-dominated irrigation waters, characteristic of groundwater in California's San Joaquin valley (SJV), were tested at EC levels of 2, 5, 8, 11 and 14 dS m(-1). Each salinity treatment consisted of two boron treatments (0.5 and 21 mg L-1) and each of those treatments was tested under slightly basic (pH 8.0) and slightly acidic (pH 6.0) conditions. Results included multiple salinity-boron-pH interactions affecting shoot biomass, head yield and consumptive water use. Broccoli fresh head yields were significantly reduced by salinity and boron, but the degree of yield reductions was influenced by pH. Relative head yields were substantially reduced in treatments with high pH and high B, particularly under low and high salinity where head yields were decreased by 89 % and 96 %, respectively, relative to those at low salinity and low boron. Intermediate levels of salinity were far less damaging. Increased salinity and boron reduced evapotranspiration (ET) and there were no salinity-boron associated interactions on ET. However, increased salinity and boron concentrations increased water use efficiency (shoot biomass/cumulative volume ET). Shoot B concentration increased with increased boron and was greater at pH 6 as compared to pH 8. Shoot boron concentration decreased with increasing salinity at both pH levels but particularly at the high substrate boron concentration. It is likely that different mechanisms, yet unknown, are responsible for severe head-yield reductions at low and high salinity in the presence of high boron under alkaline conditions. We found that boron in the shoot did not accumulate by a simple passive process. Rather as boron increased from 0.5 to 21 mg L-1, there was a restrictive mechanism where total shoot boron (mg plant(-1)) was reduced by 10 to 40 times the amount potentially supplied to the shoot by passive transport via mass flow perhaps involving complex interactions with membrane channels and B exporters. Total shoot boron concentration was a poor indicator of plant growth response. C1 [Smith, T. E.; Grattan, S. R.; Laeuchli, A. E.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Grieve, C. M.; Poss, J. A.; Suarez, D. L.] USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92501 USA. RP Grattan, SR (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM srgrattan@ucdavis.edu NR 54 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 58 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-079X J9 PLANT SOIL JI Plant Soil PD SEP PY 2013 VL 370 IS 1-2 BP 541 EP 554 DI 10.1007/s11104-013-1653-9 PG 14 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 202XG UT WOS:000323253500040 ER PT J AU Haggman, H Raybould, A Borem, A Fox, T Handley, L Hertzberg, M Lu, MZ Macdonald, P Oguchi, T Pasquali, G Pearson, L Peter, G Quemada, H Seguin, A Tattersall, K Ulian, E Walter, C McLean, M AF Haggman, Hely Raybould, Alan Borem, Aluizio Fox, Thomas Handley, Levis Hertzberg, Magnus Lu, Meng-Zu Macdonald, Philip Oguchi, Taichi Pasquali, Giancarlo Pearson, Les Peter, Gary Quemada, Hector Seguin, Armand Tattersall, Kylie Ulian, Eugenio Walter, Christian McLean, Morven TI Genetically engineered trees for plantation forests: key considerations for environmental risk assessment SO PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE genetic engineering; forests; environment; risk assessment ID ABIOTIC STRESS-TOLERANCE; EUCALYPTUS-GLOBULUS; LIGNIN BIOSYNTHESIS; TRANSGENIC POPLARS; REDUCED LIGNIN; SALT TOLERANCE; HYBRID POPLAR; CELL-WALL; BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS; PARTICLE-ACCELERATION AB Forests are vital to the world's ecological, social, cultural and economic well-being yet sustainable provision of goods and services from forests is increasingly challenged by pressures such as growing demand for wood and other forest products, land conversion and degradation, and climate change. Intensively managed, highly productive forestry incorporating the most advanced methods for tree breeding, including the application of genetic engineering (GE), has tremendous potential for producing more wood on less land. However, the deployment of GE trees in plantation forests is a controversial topic and concerns have been particularly expressed about potential harms to the environment. This paper, prepared by an international group of experts in silviculture, forest tree breeding, forest biotechnology and environmental risk assessment (ERA) that met in April 2012, examines how the ERA paradigm used for GE crop plants may be applied to GE trees for use in plantation forests. It emphasizes the importance of differentiating between ERA for confined field trials of GE trees, and ERA for unconfined or commercial-scale releases. In the case of the latter, particular attention is paid to characteristics of forest trees that distinguish them from shorter-lived plant species, the temporal and spatial scale of forests, and the biodiversity of the plantation forest as a receiving environment. C1 [Haggman, Hely] Univ Oulu, Dept Biol, Oulu, Finland. [Raybould, Alan] Syngenta Jealotts Hill Int Res Ctr, Bracknell, Berks, England. [Borem, Aluizio] Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Fitotecnia, Vicosa, MG, Brazil. [Fox, Thomas] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Forest Resources & Environm Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Handley, Levis] Biotechnol Regulatory Serv, USDA, Riverdale, MD USA. [Hertzberg, Magnus] SweTree Technol AB, Umea, Sweden. [Lu, Meng-Zu] Chinese Acad Forestry, State Key Lab Tree Genet & Breeding, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Macdonald, Philip] Canadian Food Inspect Agcy, Plant & Biotechnol Risk Assessment, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Oguchi, Taichi] Univ Tsukuba, Ctr Gene Res, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Pasquali, Giancarlo] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Ctr Biotecnol, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [Pearson, Les] ArborGen, Ridgeville, SC USA. [Peter, Gary] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Quemada, Hector] Donald Danforth Plant Sci Ctr, St Louis, MO USA. [Seguin, Armand] Nat Resources Canada, Quebec City, PQ, Canada. [Tattersall, Kylie] Off Gene Technol Regulator, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Ulian, Eugenio] FuturaGene Brasil Tecnol Ltda, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Walter, Christian] Scion, Rotorua, New Zealand. [McLean, Morven] Ctr Environm Risk Assessment, Washington, DC USA. RP McLean, M (reprint author), Ctr Environm Risk Assessment, Washington, DC USA. EM mmclean@ilsi.org RI Pasquali, Giancarlo/L-6421-2013; Quemada, Hector/M-2848-2013 OI Pasquali, Giancarlo/0000-0003-1256-544X; NR 146 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 9 U2 120 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1467-7644 EI 1467-7652 J9 PLANT BIOTECHNOL J JI Plant Biotechnol. J. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 11 IS 7 BP 785 EP 798 DI 10.1111/pbi.12100 PG 14 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 202XK UT WOS:000323253900003 PM 23915092 ER PT J AU Adkins, S McCollum, TG Albano, JP Kousik, CS Baker, CA Webster, CG Roberts, PD Webb, SE Turechek, WW AF Adkins, Scott McCollum, T. Greg Albano, Joseph P. Kousik, Chandrasekar S. Baker, Carlye A. Webster, Craig G. Roberts, Pamela D. Webb, Susan E. Turechek, William W. TI Physiological Effects of Squash vein yellowing virus Infection on Watermelon SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID LEAF-CRUMPLE-VIRUS; FAMILY POTYVIRIDAE; VINE DECLINE; FLORIDA; CUCURBITS; RESISTANCE; SUGGESTS; AGENT AB Squash vein yellowing virus (SqVYV) is the cause of viral watermelon vine decline. The virus is whitefly-transmitted, induces a systemic wilt of watermelon plants, and causes necrosis and discoloration of the fruit rind. In the field, SqVYV is often detected in watermelon in mixed infections with other viruses including the aphid-transmitted Papaya ringspot virus type W (PRSV-W). In this study, watermelon plants of different ages were inoculated with SqVYV or SqVYV+PRSV-W in the greenhouse or SqVYV in the field to characterize the physiological response to infection. Symptoms of vine decline appeared about 12 to 16 days after inoculation with SqVYV regardless of plant age at time of inoculation, plant growth habit (trellised or nontrellised), and location (greenhouse or field). However, the presence of PRSV-W delayed the appearance of vine decline symptoms by 2 to 4 days, and vine decline did not develop on plants with no fruit. For all inoculation treatments, more severe symptoms were observed in younger watermelon plants. Physiological responses to SqVYV infection included reduction in plant and fruit weights, alterations in fruit rind and flesh color, reduction in fruit sucrose content, increase in fruit acid content, and changes in plant nutrient composition, particularly increases in Ca, Mg, B, Mn, and Zn and decreases in K and N. These results demonstrate wide-ranging physiological effects of SqVYV infection and provide new insights into watermelon vine decline. C1 [Adkins, Scott; McCollum, T. Greg; Albano, Joseph P.; Webster, Craig G.; Turechek, William W.] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Kousik, Chandrasekar S.] USDA ARS, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [Baker, Carlye A.] Florida Dept Agr & Consumer Serv, Div Plant Ind, Gainesville, FL 32945 USA. [Roberts, Pamela D.] Univ Florida, Dept Plant Pathol, Southwest Florida Res & Educ Ctr, Immokalee, FL 34142 USA. [Webb, Susan E.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Adkins, S (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM scott.adkins@ars.usda.gov FU USDA CSREES SCRI [2008-04890]; National Watermelon Association FX We thank Carrie Vanderspool, Jeff Smith, Reid Lewis, Joanne Hodge, Wayne Brown, Chris Lasser, Jennifer Ikerd, Rod Systma, David Ballesteros, Shannon Clark, and Heather Capobianco for their excellent technical assistance, and Nihat Guner, Randy Johnson, and Benny Bruton for their helpful advice on growing greenhouse watermelon crops. Financial support was provided in part by USDA CSREES SCRI grant 2008-04890 and the National Watermelon Association. NR 36 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 30 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 97 IS 9 BP 1137 EP 1148 DI 10.1094/PDIS-01-13-0075-RE PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 204XV UT WOS:000323405500002 ER PT J AU Webster, CG Kousik, CS Turechek, WW Webb, SE Roberts, PD Adkins, S AF Webster, Craig G. Kousik, Chandrasekar S. Turechek, William W. Webb, Susan E. Roberts, Pamela D. Adkins, Scott TI Squash vein yellowing virus Infection of Vining Cucurbits and the Vine Decline Response SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID RESISTANCE; FLORIDA; HOST AB The responses of a diverse group of vining cucurbits to inoculation with Squash vein yellowing virus (SqVYV) were determined. For the first time, Cucurbita maxima, Cucumis dipsaceus, and Cucumis metuliferus were observed to develop necrosis and plant death similar to the SqVYV-induced vine decline in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus). The majority of cucurbits inoculated, however, either exhibited no symptoms of infection, or developed relatively mild symptoms such as vein yellowing of upper, noninoculated leaves. All inoculated plants were sectioned and tested for the presence of SqVYV. The virus was widely distributed in mature, fruit-bearing cucurbits with over 72% of plant sections testing positive for SqVYV by tissue-blot and/or reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Plants of several cucurbits, including a wild citron (Citrullus lanatus var. citroides), were symptomless and had a decreased frequency of virus infection of vine segments compared to susceptible vining cucurbits, indicating a higher level of resistance. However, no significant relationship between the frequency of infection or virus distribution within plants and the symptom response was observed. These results demonstrate that a diverse group of cucurbits may decline when infected with SqVYV, and suggest that widespread distribution of virus within the plant is not the sole cause of decline. C1 [Webster, Craig G.; Turechek, William W.; Adkins, Scott] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Kousik, Chandrasekar S.] USDA ARS, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [Webb, Susan E.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Roberts, Pamela D.] Univ Florida, Southwest Florida Res & Educ Ctr, Dept Plant Pathol, Immokalee, FL 34142 USA. RP Adkins, S (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM scott.adkins@ars.usda.gov FU USDA CSREES SCRI [2008-04890]; National Watermelon Association FX We thank Carrie Vanderspool, Bridget Burns, Jeff Smith, Nicole Miller, Reid Lewis, Rod Systma, and David Ballesteros for their excellent technical assistance, and Don Hopkins and Michael Bausher for providing seeds. Financial support was provided in part by USDA CSREES SCRI grant 2008-04890 and the National Watermelon Association. NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 97 IS 9 BP 1149 EP 1157 DI 10.1094/PDIS-01-13-0076-RE PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 204XV UT WOS:000323405500003 ER PT J AU Strausbaugh, CA Eujayl, IA Panella, LW AF Strausbaugh, Carl A. Eujayl, Imad A. Panella, Leonard W. TI Interaction of Sugar Beet Host Resistance and Rhizoctonia solani AG-2-2 IIIB Strains SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID ROOT-ROT; CROWN ROT; GERMPLASMS RESISTANT; INTERMOUNTAIN WEST; INTEGRATED CONTROL; SUSCEPTIBILITY; REGISTRATION; BACTERIA; COMPLEX; CROPS AB Rhizoctonia crown and root rot caused by Rhizoctonia solani can cause serious economic losses in sugar beet fields. Preliminary evidence suggests that there could be interactions between different strains and resistance sources. Thus, field studies were conducted to determine whether nine R. solani AG-2-2 IIIB strains varied for virulence when compared with a noninoculated check and interacted with five sugar beet lines (four resistant lines and a susceptible check). The studies were arranged in a randomized complete block design with six replications. Roots were evaluated for surface rot and internal fungal and bacterial rot in September. All strains were virulent on the susceptible check, FC901/C817, and had a similar ranking (r = 0.80 to 0.97; P =0.0096 to <0.0001) regardless of disease variable. Line FC709-2 was resistant (response not different from noninoculated check, P >= 0.1042) to all strains, while the strain responses resulted in weak interactions with less-resistant lines in 14 of 19 variable-year combinations. Because most commercial sugar beet cultivars contain low to intermediate resistance to Rhizoctonia crown and root rot, the strain used to screen should be considered in order to maintain consistent responses between nurseries and commercial fields. C1 [Strausbaugh, Carl A.; Eujayl, Imad A.] USDA ARS, NWISRL, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. [Panella, Leonard W.] USDA ARS, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Strausbaugh, CA (reprint author), USDA ARS, NWISRL, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. EM carl.strausbaugh@ars.usda.gov OI Strausbaugh, Carl/0000-0001-6773-1375 FU United States Department of Agriculture [5368-21220-003-00D, 5402-21220-007-00D] FX These data support the objectives for the United States Department of Agriculture CRIS projects 5368-21220-003-00D and 5402-21220-007-00D. We thank the Amalgamated Sugar Co., LLC; Beet Sugar Development Foundation; and Snake River sugar beet growers for supporting our research work; and J. Reed, D. Kenney, and T. Brown for their technical support efforts. NR 41 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 34 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 97 IS 9 BP 1175 EP 1180 DI 10.1094/PDIS-11-12-1078-RE PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 204XV UT WOS:000323405500006 ER PT J AU Graham, JH Johnson, EG Gottwald, TR Irey, MS AF Graham, J. H. Johnson, E. G. Gottwald, T. R. Irey, M. S. TI Presymptomatic Fibrous Root Decline in Citrus Trees Caused by Huanglongbing and Potential Interaction with Phytophthora spp. SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID CANDIDATUS LIBERIBACTER ASIATICUS; REAL-TIME PCR; TYLENCHULUS-SEMIPENETRANS; GREENING DISEASE; AMERICANUS; PARASITICA; ROOTSTOCKS; NICOTIANAE; BRAZIL; PAULO AB Huanglongbing (HLB), associated with 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus', was first detected in Florida in late 2005 and is now widely distributed throughout the commercial citrus-growing regions. In recent seasons, concurrent with freeze and drought episodes, symptomatic HLB-infected trees were much more affected by the extremes of temperature and moisture than trees without HLB. Symptoms exhibited by the stressed trees were excessive leaf loss and premature fruit drop even when HLB-infected trees were managed with good nutritional and irrigation practices recommended to support health of HLB-affected trees. This stress intolerance may be due to a loss of fibrous roots. To assess root status of HLB-infected trees on 'Swingle' citrumelo rootstock (Citrus paradisi x Poncirus trifoliata), blocks of 2,307 3-year-old 'Hamlin' orange trees and 2,693 4-year-old 'Valencia' orange trees were surveyed visually and with a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay to determine 'Ca. L. asiaticus' infection status. The incidence of 'Ca. L. asiaticus'-infected trees (presymptomatic: 'Ca. L. asiaticus'+, visually negative; and symptomatic: 'Ca. L. asiaticus'+, visually positive) trees was 89% for the Hamlin block and 88% for the Valencia block. 'Ca. L. asiaticus'+ trees had 30 and 37% lower fibrous root mass density for presymptomatic and symptomatic trees, respectively, compared with 'Ca. L. asiaticus' trees. In a second survey, 10- to 25-year-old Valencia trees on Swingle citrumelo or 'Carrizo' citrange (C. sinensis (L.) x P trifoliata) rootstock were sampled within 3 to 6 months after identification of visual HLB status as symptomatic ('Ca. L. asiaticus'+, visually positive) or nonsymptomatic (Tu. L. asiaticus'-, visually negative) in orchards located in the central ridge, south-central, and southwest flatwoods. Pairs of HLB symptomatic and nonsymptomatic trees were evaluated for PCR status, fibrous root mass density, and Phytophthora nicotianae propagules in the rhizosphere soil. 'Ca. L. asiaticus'+ trees had 27 to 40% lower fibrous root mass density and, in one location, higher P. nicotianae per root but Phytophthora populations per cubic centimeter of soil were high on both 'Ca. L. asiaticus'+ and 'Ca. L. asiaticus' trees. Fibrous root loss from HLB damage interacted with P. nicotianae depending on orchard location and time of year. C1 [Graham, J. H.; Johnson, E. G.] Univ Florida, Citrus Res & Educ Ctr, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. [Gottwald, T. R.] USDA ARS, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Irey, M. S.] US Sugar Corp, Clewiston, FL 33440 USA. RP Graham, JH (reprint author), Univ Florida, Citrus Res & Educ Ctr, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. EM jhgraham@ufl.edu RI Johnson, Evan/B-9864-2008 OI Johnson, Evan/0000-0001-7672-2120 FU Florida Citrus Research and Development Foundation; University of Florida-IFAS Citrus Initiative Program FX This research was supported by grants from the Florida Citrus Research and Development Foundation and the University of Florida-IFAS Citrus Initiative Program. NR 36 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 5 U2 53 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 97 IS 9 BP 1195 EP 1199 DI 10.1094/PDIS-01-13-0024-RE PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 204XV UT WOS:000323405500009 ER PT J AU Webb, KM Case, AJ Brick, MA Otto, K Schwartz, HF AF Webb, Kimberly M. Case, Austin J. Brick, Mark A. Otto, Kris Schwartz, Howard F. TI Cross Pathogenicity and Vegetative Compatibility of Fusarium oxysporum Isolated from Sugar Beet SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID F-SP PHASEOLI; FORMAE-SPECIALES; ROOT-ROT; GENETIC DIVERSITY; 1ST REPORT; RACES; WILT; COLORADO; DISEASE; YELLOWS AB Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. betae causes Fusarium yellows in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris). The E oxysporum population from sugar beet can be highly variable in virulence and morphology and many isolates are nonpathogenic. Rapid and reliable methods to identify pathogenic isolates from nonpathogenic E oxysporum generally are unavailable. Little is known about nonpathogenic isolates, including the role they may play in population diversity or virulence to sugar beet. Sugar beet is often grown in rotation with other crops, including dry edible bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and onion (Allium cepa), with E oxysporum able to cause disease on all three crops. Thirty-eight F. oxysporum isolates were collected from symptomatic sugar beet throughout the United States to investigate diversity of the E oxysporum population and the influence of crop rotation on pathogenic variation. These isolates were characterized for pathogenicity to sugar beet, dry edible bean, and onion, as well as vegetative compatibility. Pathogenicity testing indicated that some E oxysporum isolates from sugar beet may cause disease on onion and dry edible bean. Furthermore, vegetative compatibility testing supported previous reports that E oxysporum f. sp. betae is polyphyletic and that pathogenic isolates cannot be differentiated from nonpathogenic E oxysporum using vegetative compatibility. C1 [Webb, Kimberly M.] USDA ARS, Sugar Beet Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Case, Austin J.; Brick, Mark A.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Otto, Kris; Schwartz, Howard F.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Webb, KM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Sugar Beet Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM kimberly.webb@ars.usda.gov FU Beet Sugar Development Foundation; Western Sugar Cooperative Research Committee FX Additional funding for this project was provided by the Beet Sugar Development Foundation and Western Sugar Cooperative Research Committee. We thank B. Jerde, B. Kuwitzky, and P. Covey for their invaluable help in performing these experiments. We also would like to thank Mark West for assistance with statistical analysis. NR 52 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 23 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 97 IS 9 BP 1200 EP 1206 DI 10.1094/PDIS-11-12-1051-RE PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 204XV UT WOS:000323405500010 ER PT J AU Hill, CB Bowen, CR Hartman, GL AF Hill, C. B. Bowen, C. R. Hartman, G. L. TI Effect of Fungicide Application and Cultivar on Soybean Green Stem Disorder SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID COLLETOTRICHUM-TRUNCATUM; YIELD AB Green stem disorder of soybean (Glycine max) has increasingly become a nuisance for soybean producers. The disorder is distinguished from other manifestations of delayed plant maturity by the delayed senescence of stems only, with normal pod ripening and seed maturation. The primary objective of the first study was to determine whether green stem disorder increased with a fungicide treatment. Field cages to isolate soybean plants to prevent insect interactions were used and treatments included maturity group (MG) II insensitive and sensitive soybean cultivars with or without fungicide applications. A secondary objective was to determine fungi potentially associated with the disorder. The results indicated significant elevation of the incidence of green stem disorder when using a fungicide. Species of Diaporthe or Phomopsis and Macrophomina phaseolina were more frequent in stems without the disorder, whereas species of Colletotrichum were found mostly in stems with the disorder. In another study, field experiments were conducted without cages in replicated field plots to compare the effects of fungicides with different chemistries and timing of fungicide application on incidence of green stem disorder using green stem disorder MG II- and MG III-sensitive and insensitive soybean cultivars. There was a significant increase in percentage of green stem disorder due to fungicide application, depending on fungicide chemistry, timing of application, year, location, and cultivar sensitivity to green stem disorder. Generally, Headline and Headline-Domark applications resulted in higher incidence of green stem disorder than Domark alone or the nonsprayed control, with over 50% incidence in many cases. Higher percent green stem disorder was significantly (P < 0.05) associated with higher yields in 11 of the 28 trials. From the results of this research, soybean producers should be aware of the possible risk that fungicide application may have in increasing incidence of green Stem disorder. In addition, producers can help manage green stem disorder by selecting soybean cultivars reported to be consistently insensitive to the disorder. C1 [Hill, C. B.; Hartman, G. L.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Bowen, C. R.; Hartman, G. L.] USDA ARS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Hartman, GL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM ghartman@illinois.edu FU Illinois Soybean Association FX Funds for this study were provided, in part, by the Illinois Soybean Association. We thank R. Warsaw (a former USDA-ARS biological technician), C. Ferro (a former M.S. student), A. Pabon (a former academic professional), and numerous undergraduate assistants who helped prepare, manage, and collect data from the experiments; and T. Herman and C. Grau for reviewing the manuscript. NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 97 IS 9 BP 1212 EP 1220 DI 10.1094/PDIS-12-12-1191-RE PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 204XV UT WOS:000323405500012 ER PT J AU Roy, A Choudhary, N Hartung, JS Brlansky, RH AF Roy, Avijit Choudhary, Nandlal Hartung, John S. Brlansky, R. H. TI The Prevalence of the Citrus tristeza virus Trifoliate Resistance Breaking Genotype Among Puerto Rican Isolates SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; APHID TRANSMISSION; GLOBAL COLLECTION; MIXED INFECTIONS; SUBGENOMIC RNAS; GENOME ANALYSIS; POPULATION; GENERATION; MOLECULES; SYMPTOMS AB Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) isolates have been grouped into six genotypes: T3, T30, T36, VT, B165, and resistance breaking (RB) based on symptoms, host range, and genomic sequence data. The RB genotype has recently been identified with the novel property of replicating in trifoliate orange trees, a resistant host for the other five genotypes. Puerto Rican CTV isolate B301 caused mild vein clearing symptoms in Mexican lime but did not induce seedling yellows or stem pitting reactions in appropriate indicator Citrus spp., which are typical host reactions of the isolate T30. The isolate B301 was not detected by the genotype specific primer (GSP), which identifies the CTV-T3, -T30, -T36, -VT, and B165 genotypes. A primer pair for reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) amplification of the CTV-RB genotype was designed from the heat shock protein (p65) region based on the complete genomic sequences of trifoliate RB isolates from New Zealand available in the GenBank databases. The amplicon sequence from isolate B301 was 98% identical to that of the other trifoliate RB isolates. In addition, B301 was successfully inoculated into 'Carrizo citrange' (a trifoliate hybrid) but did not induce any symptoms. Furthermore, the complete genome sequence of B301 followed by the phylogenetic analysis revealed that the isolate is part of the RB clade with other CTV-RB isolates from New Zealand and Hawaii. Additional CTV isolates obtained from Puerto Rico were tested with the RB-GSP and confirmed the presence of trifoliate RB isolates in mixed infection with known CTV genotypes. Although this is the first report of a CTV trifoliate RB genotype from Puerto Rico, this genotype was present there prior to 1992. C1 [Roy, Avijit; Choudhary, Nandlal; Brlansky, R. H.] Univ Florida, Dept Plant Pathol, Citrus Res & Educ Ctr, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. [Hartung, John S.] USDA ARS, MPPL, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Brlansky, RH (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Plant Pathol, Citrus Res & Educ Ctr, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. EM rhby@ufl.edu NR 50 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 21 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 97 IS 9 BP 1227 EP 1234 DI 10.1094/PDIS-01-12-0012-RE PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 204XV UT WOS:000323405500014 ER PT J AU Ananthakrishnan, G Choudhary, N Roy, A Sengoda, VG Postnikova, E Hartung, JS Stone, AL Damsteegt, VD Schneider, WL Munyaneza, JE Brlansky, RH AF Ananthakrishnan, G. Choudhary, N. Roy, Avijit Sengoda, V. G. Postnikova, E. Hartung, J. S. Stone, A. L. Damsteegt, V. D. Schneider, W. L. Munyaneza, J. E. Brlansky, R. H. TI Development of Primers and Probes for Genus and Species Specific Detection of 'Candidatus Liberibacter Species' by Real-Time PCR SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID BACTERICERA-COCKERELLI SULC; 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; GREENING DISEASE; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; RPOB SEQUENCES; SAO-PAULO; CITRUS; IDENTIFICATION; SOLANACEARUM; ASIATICUS AB Huanglongbing (HLB), also known as citrus greening, is currently the most devastating disease impacting citrus production. The disease is associated with three different 'Candidatus Liberibacter species', 'Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus', 'Ca. Liberibacter americanus', and 'Ca. Liberibacter africanus', which induce similar and overlapping symptoms. When HLB-symptomatic trees are tested, one of the Candidatus Liberibacters is normally detected by conventional or real-time PCR (qPCR). The most widely used assays use primers and probes based on the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene. The 16S rRNA-based assays to detect the three species are species-specific and must be performed sequentially. We describe a single assay that detected all species of 'Ca. Liberibacter' at the genus level, providing increased convenience. Recent molecular analyses of 'Ca. Liberibacter species' and other bacteria suggest that the rpoB gene (encoding the beta-subunit of RNA polymerase) provides an alternative target for bacterial identification. We report here the design of a single pair of degenerate primers and a hybridization probe corresponding to the rpoB region and their application for the detection of all three citrus 'Ca. Liberibacter species', enabling detection of 'Ca. Liberibacter' at the genus level. In addition, species-specific primers and probes based on the rp1J/rplK genes were designed and used for detection at the species level in a multiplexed format. Both the genus- and species-specific assays were validated in both SYBR Green I and TaqMan formats, and with both plant and insect extracts that contained the pathogen. These one-step qPCR diagnostic methods are useful for the detection of all species of Liberibacter infecting citrus. In addition, the degenerate genus-specific primers and probe successfully detected 'Ca. Liberibacter solanacearum', a psyllid-transmitted pathogen associated with disease in tomato, carrot, and potato. C1 [Ananthakrishnan, G.; Choudhary, N.; Roy, Avijit; Brlansky, R. H.] Univ Florida, CREC, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. [Sengoda, V. G.; Munyaneza, J. E.] USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. [Postnikova, E.; Stone, A. L.; Damsteegt, V. D.; Schneider, W. L.] USDA ARS, FDWSRU, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Hartung, J. S.] USDA ARS, MPPL, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Brlansky, RH (reprint author), Univ Florida, CREC, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. EM rhby@ufl.edu NR 35 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 49 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 97 IS 9 BP 1235 EP 1243 DI 10.1094/PDIS-12-12-1174-RE PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 204XV UT WOS:000323405500015 ER PT J AU Munyaneza, JE Sengoda, VG Aguilar, E Bextine, B McCue, KF AF Munyaneza, J. E. Sengoda, V. G. Aguilar, E. Bextine, B. McCue, K. F. TI First Report of "Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum" Associated with Psyllid-Infested Tobacco in Nicaragua. SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Munyaneza, J. E.; Sengoda, V. G.] USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. [Aguilar, E.] Zamorano Univ, Tegucigalpa, Honduras. [Bextine, B.] Univ Texas Tyler, Tyler, TX 75799 USA. [McCue, K. F.] USDA ARS, Crop Improvement & Utilizat Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Munyaneza, JE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. RI McCue, Kent/A-8973-2009 NR 4 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 97 IS 9 BP 1244 EP 1245 DI 10.1094/PDIS-03-13-0247-PDN PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 204XV UT WOS:000323405500018 ER PT J AU Bextine, B Aguilar, E Rueda, A Caceres, O Sengoda, VG McCue, KF Munyaneza, JE AF Bextine, B. Aguilar, E. Rueda, A. Caceres, O. Sengoda, V. G. McCue, K. F. Munyaneza, J. E. TI First Report of "Candidatus Liberibacter solanaceartun" on Tomato in El Salvador. SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Bextine, B.] Univ Texas Tyler, Tyler, TX 75799 USA. [Aguilar, E.; Rueda, A.; Caceres, O.] Zamorano Univ, Tegucigalpa, Honduras. [Sengoda, V. G.; Munyaneza, J. E.] USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. [McCue, K. F.] USDA ARS, Crop Improvement & Utilizat Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Bextine, B (reprint author), Univ Texas Tyler, 3900 Univ Blvd, Tyler, TX 75799 USA. RI McCue, Kent/A-8973-2009 NR 4 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 97 IS 9 BP 1245 EP 1245 DI 10.1094/PDIS-03-13-0248-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 204XV UT WOS:000323405500019 ER PT J AU Trueman, CL Hanson, LE Rosenzweig, N Jiang, QW Kirk, WW AF Trueman, C. L. Hanson, L. E. Rosenzweig, N. Jiang, Q. W. Kirk, W. W. TI First Report of QoI Insensitive Cercospora beticola on Sugar Beet in Ontario, Canada SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Trueman, C. L.] Univ Guelph, Ridgetown, ON N0P 2C0, Canada. [Hanson, L. E.] ARS, USDA, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Rosenzweig, N.; Jiang, Q. W.; Kirk, W. W.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Trueman, CL (reprint author), Univ Guelph, Ridgetown Campus,120 Main St East, Ridgetown, ON N0P 2C0, Canada. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 97 IS 9 BP 1255 EP 1255 DI 10.1094/PDIS-03-13-0285-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 204XV UT WOS:000323405500045 ER PT J AU Kim, YK Caiazzo, R Sikdar, P Xiao, CL AF Kim, Y. K. Caiazzo, R. Sikdar, P. Xiao, C. L. TI First Report of Sphaeropsis Rot of Apple Caused by Sphaeropsis pyriputrescens in New York SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Kim, Y. K.] Pace Int, Wapato, WA USA. [Caiazzo, R.; Sikdar, P.] Washington State Univ, TFREC, Wenatchee, WA USA. [Xiao, C. L.] ARS, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA USA. RP Kim, YK (reprint author), Pace Int, Wapato, WA USA. NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 97 IS 9 BP 1257 EP 1257 DI 10.1094/PDIS-03-13-0320-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 204XV UT WOS:000323405500050 ER PT J AU Li, J Hou, HM Li, XQ Xiang, J Yin, XJ Gao, H Zheng, Y Bassett, CL Wang, XP AF Li, Jun Hou, Hongmin Li, Xiaoqin Xiang, Jiang Yin, Xiangjing Gao, Hua Zheng, Yi Bassett, Carole L. Wang, Xiping TI Genome-wide identification and analysis of the SBP-box family genes in apple (Malus x domestica Borkh.) SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Apple; SBP-box gene; MdmiR156; Phylogeny; Synteny; Gene expression; Hormone response ID TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; ANTIRRHINUM-MAJUS; SHOOT MATURATION; DUPLICATE GENES; DNA-BINDING; RICE; SQUAMOSA; REGULATOR; DOMAIN AB SQUAMOSA promoter binding protein (SBP)-box genes encode a family of plant-specific transcription factors and play many crucial roles in plant development. In this study, 27 SBP-box gene family members were identified in the apple (Malus x domestica Borkh.) genome, 15 of which were suggested to be putative targets of MdmiR156. Plant SBPs were classified into eight groups according to the phylogenetic analysis of SBP-domain proteins. Gene structure, gene chromosomal location and synteny analyses of MdSBP genes within the apple genome demonstrated that tandem and segmental duplications, as well as whole genome duplications, have likely contributed to the expansion and evolution of the SBP-box gene family in apple. Additionally, synteny analysis between apple and Arabidopsis indicated that several paired homologs of MdSBP and AtSPL genes were located in syntenic genomic regions. Tissue-specific expression analysis of MdSBP genes in apple demonstrated their diversified spatiotemporal expression patterns. Most MdmiR156-targeted MdSBP genes, which had relatively high transcript levels in stems, leaves, apical buds and some floral organs, exhibited a more differential expression pattern than most MdmiR156-nontargeted MdSBP genes. Finally, expression analysis of MdSBP genes in leaves upon various plant hormone treatments showed that many MdSBP genes were responsive to different plant hormones, indicating that MdSBP genes may be involved in responses to hormone signaling during stress or in apple development. (c) 2013 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Li, Jun; Hou, Hongmin; Li, Xiaoqin; Xiang, Jiang; Yin, Xiangjing; Gao, Hua; Wang, Xiping] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Hort, State Key Lab Crop Stress Biol Arid Areas, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Li, Jun; Hou, Hongmin; Li, Xiaoqin; Xiang, Jiang; Yin, Xiangjing; Gao, Hua; Wang, Xiping] Northwest A&F Univ, Minist Agr, Key Lab Hort Plant Biol & Germplasm Innovat North, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Zheng, Yi] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Bassett, Carole L.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Wang, XP (reprint author), Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Hort, State Key Lab Crop Stress Biol Arid Areas, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM wangxiping@nwsuaf.edu.cn RI Zheng, Yi/F-6150-2016 OI Zheng, Yi/0000-0002-8042-7770 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31071782, 30671446]; 948 Project from Ministry of Agriculture of China [2012-S12]; Chinese Universities Scientific Fund [QN2011056] FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31071782 and 30671446), 948 Project from Ministry of Agriculture of China (2012-S12) and Chinese Universities Scientific Fund (QN2011056). NR 46 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 7 U2 87 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0981-9428 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL BIOCH JI Plant Physiol. Biochem. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 70 BP 100 EP 114 DI 10.1016/j.plaphy.2013.05.021 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 204HH UT WOS:000323355700012 PM 23771035 ER PT J AU Spicer, L Douthit, L Aad, P Echternkamp, S AF Spicer, L. Douthit, L. Aad, P. Echternkamp, S. TI Concentrations and expression of growth differentiation factor 9 as an indicator of follicular development and atresia in cattle SO REPRODUCTION IN DOMESTIC ANIMALS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual Conference of the European-Society-of-Domestic-Animal-Reproduction (ESDAR) CY SEP 12-14, 2013 CL Univ Bologna, Bologna, ITALY SP European Soc Domest Anim Reprod (ESDAR), Fatro, Sexing Technologies, Virbac, Minitube, Michelson Prize&Grants, Biophos, Proiser, Chemometec, IMV Technologies, Alma Mater Studiorum Univ Bologna, Casa Editrice Ambrosiana, Assogene HO Univ Bologna C1 [Spicer, L.; Douthit, L.; Aad, P.] Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Echternkamp, S.] USDA, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0936-6768 J9 REPROD DOMEST ANIM JI Reprod. Domest. Anim. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 48 SU 1 SI SI BP 114 EP 114 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Agriculture; Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA 203UH UT WOS:000323318700227 ER PT J AU Wang, XP AF Wang, Xiping TI Acoustic measurements on trees and logs: a review and analysis SO WOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STANDING TREES; ELASTICITY; STIFFNESS; VELOCITY; MODULUS AB Acoustic technologies have been well established as material evaluation tools in the past several decades, and their use has become widely accepted in the forest products industry for online quality control and products grading. Recent research developments on acoustic sensing technology offer further opportunities to evaluate standing trees and logs for general wood quality and intrinsic wood properties. Although the concept of using acoustic velocity as an effective measure of stiffness applies to both standing trees and felled logs, the method typically used to measure acoustic velocity in trees is different from that used in logs. Consequently, there is a significant difference in measured velocity values between trees and logs. Other factors affecting tree-log velocity relationships include tree diameter, stand age, operating temperature, and wood moisture content. This paper presents the fundamentals of acoustic wave propagation in trees and logs and discusses two different mechanisms of acoustic velocity measurement, time-of-flight for standing trees and resonance for logs. Experimental data from previous studies are reviewed and analyzed to examine the strength of the tree-log velocity relationships and discuss the factors that influence tree velocity deviation. C1 USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Wang, XP (reprint author), USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. EM xwang@fs.fed.us NR 17 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 22 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0043-7719 J9 WOOD SCI TECHNOL JI Wood Sci. Technol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 47 IS 5 BP 965 EP 975 DI 10.1007/s00226-013-0552-9 PG 11 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 202MN UT WOS:000323221200008 ER PT J AU So, CL Eberhardt, TL AF So, Chi-Leung Eberhardt, Thomas L. TI A mid-IR multivariate analysis study on the gross calorific value in longleaf pine: impact on correlations with lignin and extractive contents SO WOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; DENSITY; TRAITS; HEAT; WOOD AB Twenty 70-year-old longleaf pine trees from a spacing, thinning, and pruning study were harvested, from which samples were analyzed for gross calorific value (GCV). A strong correlation was found between GCV and extractive contents for the unextracted wood samples. Although lignin content should impact GCV, no correlation was found between the variation in GCV with lignin content for the extractive-free wood samples. Mid-IR spectroscopy coupled with multivariate analysis provided strong correlations between the mid-IR-predicted and calorimetry-determined values for the unextracted wood samples. Plotting the regression coefficients for GCV and extractive contents showed that the same mid-IR bands were responsible for the strength of these models. Spectral differences were observed between the different extract samples, and relative peak intensities appeared to be dependent upon the extractive contents from the wood samples. Thus, models were also built based on the corresponding wood extractive contents using the actual extracts. These provided good correlations, suggesting a proportional change in extractive compositions coinciding with the total amount of extractives present in the unextracted wood samples. C1 [So, Chi-Leung] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Eberhardt, Thomas L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. RP So, CL (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM cso@agcenter.lsu.edu NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0043-7719 J9 WOOD SCI TECHNOL JI Wood Sci. Technol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 47 IS 5 BP 993 EP 1003 DI 10.1007/s00226-013-0550-y PG 11 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 202MN UT WOS:000323221200010 ER PT J AU Stockwell, VO Davis, EW Carey, A Shaffer, BT Mavrodi, DV Hassan, KA Hockett, K Thomashow, LS Paulsen, IT Loper, JE AF Stockwell, Virginia O. Davis, Edward W., II Carey, Alyssa Shaffer, Brenda T. Mavrodi, Dmitri V. Hassan, Karl A. Hockett, Kevin Thomashow, Linda S. Paulsen, Ian T. Loper, Joyce E. TI pA506, a Conjugative Plasmid of the Plant Epiphyte Pseudomonas fluorescens A506 SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; PV. SYRINGAE B728A; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; AGROBACTERIUM-TUMEFACIENS; ANTIBIOTIC PRODUCTION; EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY; BIOAVAILABLE TOLUENE; RADIATION TOLERANCE; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE AB Conjugative plasmids are known to facilitate the acquisition and dispersal of genes contributing to the fitness of Pseudomonas spp. Here, we report the characterization of pA506, the 57-kb conjugative plasmid of Pseudomonas fluorescens A506, a plant epiphyte used in the United States for the biological control of fire blight disease of pear and apple. Twenty-nine of the 67 open reading frames (ORFs) of pA506 have putative functions in conjugation, including a type IV secretion system related to that of MOBP6 family plasmids and a gene cluster for type IV pili. We demonstrate that pA506 is self-transmissible via conjugation between A506 and strains of Pseudomonas spp. or the Enterobacteriaceae. The origin of vegetative replication (oriV) of pA506 is typical of those in pPT23A family plasmids, which are present in many pathovars of Pseudomonas syringae, but pA506 lacks repA, a defining locus for pPT23A plasmids, and has a novel partitioning region. We selected a plasmid-cured derivative of A506 and compared it to the wild type to identify plasmid-encoded phenotypes. pA506 conferred UV resistance, presumably due to the plasmid-borne rulAB genes, but did not influence epiphytic fitness of A506 on pear or apple blossoms in the field. pA506 does not appear to confer resistance to antibiotics or other toxic elements. Based on the conjugative nature of pA506 and the large number of its genes that are shared with plasmids from diverse groups of environmental bacteria, the plasmid is likely to serve as a vehicle for genetic exchange between A506 and its coinhabitants on plant surfaces. C1 [Stockwell, Virginia O.; Davis, Edward W., II; Carey, Alyssa; Loper, Joyce E.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Davis, Edward W., II; Carey, Alyssa; Shaffer, Brenda T.; Hockett, Kevin; Loper, Joyce E.] USDA ARS, Corvallis, OR USA. [Mavrodi, Dmitri V.; Thomashow, Linda S.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Hassan, Karl A.; Paulsen, Ian T.] Macquarie Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Sci, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. [Thomashow, Linda S.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Loper, JE (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM Joyce.Loper@ars.usda.gov RI Hassan, Karl/B-2802-2013; Paulsen, Ian/K-3832-2012; OI Paulsen, Ian/0000-0001-9015-9418; Hassan, Karl/0000-0003-2031-9679; Loper, Joyce/0000-0003-3501-5969 FU USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2008-35600-18770, 2012-67013-19392] FX This work was supported by grants 2008-35600-18770 and 2012-67013-19392 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. NR 80 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 24 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 79 IS 17 BP 5272 EP 5282 DI 10.1128/AEM.01354-13 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 197CZ UT WOS:000322828100022 PM 23811504 ER PT J AU Borchardt, MA Kieke, BA Spencer, SK AF Borchardt, Mark A. Kieke, Burney A., Jr. Spencer, Susan K. TI Ranking Filter Methods for Concentrating Pathogens in Lake Water SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID HOLLOW-FIBER ULTRAFILTRATION; DIVERSE MICROBES; RECOVERY; SAMPLES; ADENOVIRUSES; VIRUSES; NOROVIRUSES; PCR C1 [Borchardt, Mark A.; Spencer, Susan K.] USDA ARS, Marshfield, WI USA. [Kieke, Burney A., Jr.] Marshfield Clin Fdn Med Res & Educ, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. RP Borchardt, MA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Marshfield, WI USA. EM mark.borchardt@ars.usda.gov NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 25 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 79 IS 17 BP 5418 EP 5419 DI 10.1128/AEM.01430-13 PG 2 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 197CZ UT WOS:000322828100039 PM 23926086 ER PT J AU Jansen, C de Leon, N Lauter, N Hirsch, C Ruff, L Lubberstedt, T AF Jansen, Constantin de Leon, Natalia Lauter, Nick Hirsch, Candice Ruff, Leah Luebberstedt, Thomas TI Genetic and Morphometric Analysis of Cob Architecture and Biomass-Related Traits in the Intermated B73 x Mo17 Recombinant Inbred Lines of Maize SO BIOENERGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Cobbiomass; Maize; Cobtissue density; QTL; IBM ID ZEA-MAYS L.; GRAIN-YIELD; CELLULOSIC ETHANOL; DIFFERENT TESTERS; QTL ANALYSIS; LOCI; POPULATION; MAP; IDENTIFICATION; HERITABILITY AB Expected future cellulosic ethanol production increases the demand for biomass in the US Corn Belt. With low nutritious value, low nitrogen content, and compact biomass, maize cobs can provide a significant amount of cellulosic materials. The value of maize cobs depends on cob architecture, chemical composition, and their relation to grain yield as primary trait. Eight traits including cob volume, fractional diameters, length, weight, tissue density, and grain yield have been analyzed in this quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping experiment to evaluate their inheritance and inter-relations. One hundred eighty-four recombinant inbred lines of the intermated B73 x Mo17 (IBM) Syn 4 population were evaluated from an experiment carried out at three locations and analyzed using genotypic information of 1,339 public SNP markers. QTL detection was performed using (1) comparison-wise thresholds with reselection of cofactors (alpha = 0.001) and (2) empirical logarithm of odds score thresholds (P = 0.05). Several QTL with small genetic effects (R (2) = 2.9-13.4 %) were found, suggesting a complex quantitative inheritance of all traits. Increased cob tissue density was found to add value to the residual without a commensurate negative impact on grain yield and therefore enables for simultaneous selection for cob biomass and grain yield. C1 [Jansen, Constantin; Luebberstedt, Thomas] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [de Leon, Natalia] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Lauter, Nick] Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Hirsch, Candice] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Ruff, Leah] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Agron, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Jansen, C (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM cjansen@iastate.edu NR 49 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1939-1234 J9 BIOENERG RES JI BioEnergy Res. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 6 IS 3 BP 903 EP 916 DI 10.1007/s12155-013-9319-2 PG 14 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 197DU UT WOS:000322830400006 ER PT J AU Uden, DR Mitchell, RB Allen, CR Guan, QF Mccoy, TD AF Uden, Daniel R. Mitchell, Rob B. Allen, Craig R. Guan, Qingfeng McCoy, Tim D. TI The Feasibility of Producing Adequate Feedstock for Year-Round Cellulosic Ethanol Production in an Intensive Agricultural Fuelshed SO BIOENERGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Switchgrass; Maize stover; Cellulosic ethanol; Biomass; Feasibility; Fuelshed ID SWITCHGRASS; BIOENERGY; BIOFUELS; SYSTEMS; ENERGY; LAND; COSTS; CORN AB To date, cellulosic ethanol production has not been commercialized in the United States. However, government mandates aimed at increasing second-generation biofuel production could spur exploratory development in the cellulosic ethanol industry. We conducted an in-depth analysis of the fuelshed surrounding a starch-based ethanol plant near York, Nebraska that has the potential for cellulosic ethanol production. To assess the feasibility of supplying adequate biomass for year-round cellulosic ethanol production from residual maize (Zea mays) stover and bioenergy switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) within a 40-km road network service area of the existing ethanol plant, we identified similar to 14,000 ha of marginally productive cropland within the service area suitable for conversion from annual rowcrops to switchgrass and similar to 132,000 ha of maize-enrolled cropland from which maize stover could be collected. Annual maize stover and switchgrass biomass supplies within the 40-km service area could range between 429,000 and 752,000 metric tons (mT). Approximately 140-250 million liters (l) of cellulosic ethanol could be produced, rivaling the current 208 million l annual starch-based ethanol production capacity of the plant. We conclude that sufficient quantities of biomass could be produced from maize stover and switchgrass near the plant to support year-round cellulosic ethanol production at current feedstock yields, sustainable removal rates and bioconversion efficiencies. Modifying existing starch-based ethanol plants in intensive agricultural fuelsheds could increase ethanol output, return marginally productive cropland to perennial vegetation, and remove maize stover from productive cropland to meet feedstock demand. C1 [Uden, Daniel R.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Mitchell, Rob B.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Allen, Craig R.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, US Geol Survey, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Guan, Qingfeng] China Univ Geosci, Fac Informat Engn, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China. [McCoy, Tim D.] Nebraska Game & Pk Commiss, Lincoln, NE 68503 USA. RP Uden, DR (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 3310 Holdrege St, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM danielruden87@gmail.com FU Great Plains Landscape Conservation Cooperative; U. S. Geological Survey-Climate Effects Network; U. S. Geological Survey; Nebraska Game and Parks Commission; University of Nebraska-Lincoln; U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Wildlife Management Institute FX The authors would like to thank Eric Zach of the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission and two anonymous reviewers for their contributions to this manuscript, the Rainwater Basin Joint Venture for providing GIS data, and the Great Plains Landscape Conservation Cooperative and U. S. Geological Survey-Climate Effects Network for financial support. The Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly supported by a cooperative agreement between the U. S. Geological Survey, the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission, the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the Wildlife Management Institute. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U. S. Government. NR 35 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 57 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1939-1234 J9 BIOENERG RES JI BioEnergy Res. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 6 IS 3 BP 930 EP 938 DI 10.1007/s12155-013-9311-x PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 197DU UT WOS:000322830400008 ER PT J AU Knoll, JE Anderson, WF Malik, R Hubbard, RK Strickland, TC AF Knoll, Joseph E. Anderson, William F. Malik, Ravindra Hubbard, Robert K. Strickland, Timothy C. TI Production of Napiergrass as a Bioenergy Feedstock Under Organic Versus Inorganic Fertilization in the Southeast USA SO BIOENERGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Poultry litter; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Potassium; Biomass crops; Soil carbon; GRACEnet LTAR ID BROILER LITTER; COASTAL-PLAIN; CHEMICAL-PROPERTIES; HARVEST TIME; SOIL; CARBON; ELEPHANTGRASS; BIOMASS; DYNAMICS; GRASSES AB Napiergrass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) is a high-yielding perennial biomass crop that is well adapted to the Southeast USA where poultry litter is readily available. This research was conducted to compare biomass production and nutrient utilization of napiergrass fertilized with either poultry litter or inorganic fertilizer. Each spring, approximately 100 kg ha(-1) of N, 40 kg ha(-1) P, and 90 kg ha(-1) K were applied as poultry litter or equivalent inorganic fertilizer. Biomass was harvested each winter after senescence. For the first 2 years, dry matter yield did not differ among treatments, but in the third and fourth years, yields declined in all treatments and were lowest in the unfertilized treatment. Biomass N concentration and N removal were greatest in the inorganic treatment. In general, N removal exceeded the amount applied, suggesting that higher application rates may be necessary to maintain yields. Biomass P concentration and total P uptake were greatest in the litter fertilized treatment, demonstrating that napiergrass can remove some of the excess P from applied litter. Soil cores were taken periodically to assess changes in soil properties. After 2 years of production, soil pH in the surface layer (0-15 cm) was lower in the inorganic treatment than in the other treatments. After 4 years, total soil C had increased by an average of 3,180 kg ha(-1) though fertilizer treatments did not differ. Yield declined in all treatments after 4 years and N supplementation is recommended for production in upland fields. C1 [Knoll, Joseph E.; Anderson, William F.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Malik, Ravindra] Albany State Univ, Dept Nat Sci, Coll Sci & Hlth Profess, Albany, GA 31705 USA. [Hubbard, Robert K.; Strickland, Timothy C.] USDA ARS, SE Watershed Res Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Strickland, TC (reprint author), USDA ARS, SE Watershed Res Lab, POB 748, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM Tim.Strickland@ars.usda.gov OI Strickland, Timothy/0000-0001-6889-503X FU Consortium for Plant Biotechnology Research, Inc. from U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG36-02GO12026] FX This research is a contribution of the USDA Southeast Regional Biomass Research Center, the USDA ARS Gulf Atlantic Coastal Plain Long-Term Agro-ecosystem Research site, and the USDA-ARS GRACEnet Project. Dr. Malik's contributions were supported in part by a fellowship from the Consortium for Plant Biotechnology Research, Inc. through a grant from the U.S. Department of Energy (Agreement DE-FG36-02GO12026). The authors would like to thank Freddie Cheek, Tony Howell, Lorine Lewis, Bobby Shiver, Coby Smith, Andrew Stinson, and DeeAnne Webb for technical assistance in the field and laboratory. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1939-1234 J9 BIOENERG RES JI BioEnergy Res. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 6 IS 3 BP 974 EP 983 DI 10.1007/s12155-013-9328-1 PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 197DU UT WOS:000322830400012 ER PT J AU Wickham, JD Flather, CH AF Wickham, James D. Flather, Curtis H. TI Integrating biodiversity and drinking water protection goals through geographic analysis SO DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONS LA English DT Article DE At-risk species; conservation planning; ecosystem services; geographic information system; protected lands; urbanization ID UNITED-STATES; CONSERVATION; DIVERSITY; RICHNESS; AREAS AB Aim Biodiversity and drinking water share a common interest in land conservation. Our objective was to identify where that common interest occurs geographically to inform conservation planning. Location The study focused on 2112 eight-digit hydrologic units (watersheds) occurring in the conterminous United States. Methods Data on aquatic-dependent species occurrence, drinking water intakes, protected land status and land cover change were compiled for each watershed. We compared these four datasets after defining 'hotspots' based on attribute-specific thresholds that included (1) the 90th percentile of at-risk aquatic biodiversity, (2) with and without drinking water intakes, (3) above and below the median percentage of protected land and (4) increase in urban land above and below a 1% threshold between 2001 and 2006. Geographic intersections were used to address a number of questions relevant to conservation planning including the following: What watersheds important to aquatic biodiversity are also important to drinking water? Which watersheds with a shared stake in biodiversity and drinking water protection have inadequate land protection? Which watersheds with potentially inadequate amounts of protected lands are also undergoing relatively rapid urbanization? Results Over 60% of the watersheds that were determined to be aquatic biodiversity hotspots also had drinking water intakes, and approximately 50% of these watersheds had less than the United States median amount of protected land. A total of seven watersheds were found to have shared aquatic biodiversity/drinking water values, relatively low proportions of protected lands and a relatively high rate of urbanization. The majority of these watershed occurred in the south-eastern United States, with secondary occurrences in California. Main conclusions Geographic analysis of multiple ecosystem services can identify areas of shared land conservation interest. Locations where ecosystem commodities and species conservation overlap has the potential to increase stakeholder buy-in and leverage scarce resources to conserve land that, in this case study, protects both biodiversity and drinking water. C1 [Wickham, James D.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Flather, Curtis H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Wickham, JD (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Lab, Off Res & Dev, MD 243-05, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM wickham.james@epa.gov RI Flather, Curtis/G-3577-2012 OI Flather, Curtis/0000-0002-0623-3126 FU US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development partially funded and collaborated in the research described here. It has been subjected to agency review and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency. We also wish to thank Jason McNees, Conservation Data Analyst, for his assistance in querying the NatureServe databases and Megan Mehaffey and the anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful comments on earlier versions of the paper. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 33 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1366-9516 J9 DIVERS DISTRIB JI Divers. Distrib. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 19 IS 9 BP 1198 EP 1207 DI 10.1111/ddi.12103 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 201EK UT WOS:000323123300010 ER PT J AU Liebhold, AM McCullough, DG Blackburn, LM Frankel, SJ Von Holle, B Aukema, JE AF Liebhold, Andrew M. McCullough, Deborah G. Blackburn, Laura M. Frankel, Susan J. Von Holle, Betsy Aukema, Juliann E. TI A highly aggregated geographical distribution of forest pest invasions in the USA SO DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONS LA English DT Article DE Biological invasions; forest insect and disease; habitat invasibility; pathway; propagule pressure; spread ID EMERALD ASH BORER; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; NORTH-AMERICA; UNITED-STATES; PHYTOPHAGOUS INSECTS; SPECIES INVASIONS; HOT-SPOTS; EUROPE; THREAT; TRADE AB Aim Geographical variation in numbers of established non-native species provides clues to the underlying processes driving biological invasions. Specifically, this variation reflects landscape characteristics that drive non-native species arrival, establishment and spread. Here, we investigate spatial variation in damaging non-native forest insect and pathogen species to draw inferences about the dominant processes influencing their arrival, establishment and spread. Location The continental USA, including Alaska (Hawaii not included). Methods We assembled the current geographical ranges (county-level) of 79 species of damaging non-indigenous forest insect and pathogen species currently established in the continental USA. We explored statistical associations of numbers of species per county with habitat characteristics associated with propagule pressure and with variables reflecting habitat invasibility. We also analysed relationships between the geographical area occupied by each pest species and the time since introduction and habitat characteristics. Results The geographical pattern of non-native forest pest species richness is highly focused, with vastly more species in the north-eastern USA. Geographical variation in species richness is associated with habitat factors related to both propagule pressure and invasibility. Ranges of the non-native species are related to historical spread; range areas are strongly correlated with time since establishment. The average (all species) radial rate of range expansion is 5.2 km yr(-1), and surprisingly, this rate did not differ among foliage feeders, sap-feeders, wood borers and plant pathogens. Main conclusions Forest pest species are much more concentrated in the north-eastern region of the USA compared with other parts of the country. This pattern most likely reflects the combined effects of propagule pressure (pest arrival), habitat invasibility (pest establishment) and invasion spread. The similarity in historical spread among different types of organisms indicates the importance of anthropogenic movement in spread. C1 [Liebhold, Andrew M.; Blackburn, Laura M.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [McCullough, Deborah G.] Michigan State Univ, Deptartment Entomol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [McCullough, Deborah G.] Michigan State Univ, Deptartment Forestry, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Frankel, Susan J.] US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Berkeley, CA 94710 USA. [Von Holle, Betsy] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Biol, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Aukema, Juliann E.] Natl Ctr Ecol Anal & Synth, Santa Barbara, CA 93101 USA. RP Liebhold, AM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM aliebhold@fs.fed.us RI Liebhold, Andrew/C-1423-2008 OI Liebhold, Andrew/0000-0001-7427-6534 FU Nature Conservancy and The National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis; NSF [DEB-0553768]; University of California, Santa Barbara; State of California FX We thank our colleagues Kerry Britton, Jeffery Englin, Brian Leung, Robert Haight, Cory Chivers, Thomas Holmes and Kent Kovacs for valuable discussions. We thank Ken Mallet of the Canadian Forest Service, who generously shared information compiled on non-native forest pests in Canada. We thank Patrick Tobin for statistical advice. This work was conducted as part of the 'Ecological and economic impacts of non-native forest pests and pathogens in North America' Working Group supported by The Nature Conservancy and The National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, a Center funded by NSF (Grant #DEB-0553768), the University of California, Santa Barbara and the State of California. NR 48 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 5 U2 73 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1366-9516 EI 1472-4642 J9 DIVERS DISTRIB JI Divers. Distrib. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 19 IS 9 BP 1208 EP 1216 DI 10.1111/ddi.12112 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 201EK UT WOS:000323123300011 ER PT J AU Davis, TS Garczynski, SF Stevens-Rumann, C Landolt, PJ AF Davis, Thomas Seth Garczynski, Stephen F. Stevens-Rumann, Camille Landolt, Peter J. TI A test of fruit varieties on entry rate and development by neonate larvae of the codling moth, Cydia pomonella SO ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA LA English DT Article DE apple variety; host plant; Lepidoptera; orchard pest; Tortricidae; host race formation; integrated pest management; IPM ID LEPIDOPTERA-TORTRICIDAE; LASPEYRESIA-POMONELLA; APPLE FRUIT; INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE; GENETIC-VARIABILITY; NATURAL ENEMIES; PEST-MANAGEMENT; L. LEPIDOPTERA; HOST RACES; OLETHREUTIDAE AB The rate of entry by neonate larvae of the frugivorous codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), into fruit material was investigated. We used no-choice bioassays in climate-controlled rooms to assay larval entry across four host plant species (apple, pear, quince, walnut) and three varieties within a single fruit species (apple). Larvae successfully entering apples were reared to adulthood, and we collected tissue samples from apples which were successfully colonized in order to determine sucrose concentrations. This information was used to evaluate differences in adult moth size, development time, and pulp sucrose concentration due to apple variety. Four important findings emerged: (1) neonate larvae had the highest frequency of entry (86% of larvae) into apple fruits, compared with pear (78%), quince (56%), and walnut (32%); (2) the frequency of larval entry into immature apples differed across apple varieties, and larval entry rate was highest in variety Golden Delicious (72%), compared with Granny Smith (46%) and Red Delicious (64%); (3) on average, adult moths were larger and development times were shorter on the variety with the highest entry frequency (Golden Delicious); and (4) apple pulp sucrose concentrations were higher for Golden Delicious (17.5gmg(-1)) than for either Granny Smith (15.9gmg(-1)) or Red Delicious (15.1gmg(-1)) varieties, which correlates positively with entry and development data. We conclude that host fruit species and varietals within a species affect the entry rate of neonate codling moth larvae in no-choice assays. We hypothesize that larval development is influenced by mean sucrose concentrations or other phytochemical differences associated with host fruit varieties. C1 [Davis, Thomas Seth; Garczynski, Stephen F.; Landolt, Peter J.] USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. [Stevens-Rumann, Camille] Univ Idaho, Dept Forest Rangeland & Fire Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. RP Davis, TS (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Plant Soil & Entomol Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM tsdavis1@gmail.com NR 46 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 31 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0013-8703 J9 ENTOMOL EXP APPL JI Entomol. Exp. Appl. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 148 IS 3 BP 259 EP 266 DI 10.1111/eea.12097 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 198UW UT WOS:000322948900006 ER PT J AU Williams, L Hagler, JR Tonkel, KC AF Williams, Livy, III Hagler, James R. Tonkel, Kirk C. TI Does dimethyl sulfoxide increase protein immunomarking efficiency for dispersal and predation studies? SO ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA LA English DT Article DE Diorhabda carinulata; DMSO; protein labels; ELISA; predator-prey interactions; Perillus bioculatus; two-spotted stink bug; weed control; Coleoptera; Chrysomelidae; Heteroptera; Pentatomidae ID COLORADO POTATO BEETLE; STINKBUG PERILLUS BIOCULATUS; MARK-RELEASE-RECAPTURE; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; UNITED-STATES; TAMARIX SPP.; PREY; SALTCEDAR; BEHAVIOR; PLANT AB Marking biological control agents facilitates studies of dispersal and predation. This study examines the effect of a biological solvent, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), on retention of immunoglobulin G (IgG) protein solutions applied to Diorhabda carinulata (Desbrochers) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), an important biological control agent of saltcedar, either internally by feeding them protein-labeled foliage or externally by immersing them in a protein solution. In addition, we determined whether internally or externally marked DMSO-IgG labels could be transferred via feeding from marked D.carinulata to its predator, Perillus bioculatus (Fabricius) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). The presence of rabbit and chicken IgG proteins was detected by IgG-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). DMSO-IgG treatments showed greater label retention than IgG treatments alone, and this effect was stronger for rabbit IgG than for chicken IgG. Fourteendays after marking, beetles immersed in rabbit IgG showed 100% internal retention of label, whereas beetles immersed in chicken IgG showed 65% internal retention. Immersion led to greater initial (time 0) label values, and longer label retention, than feeding beetles labeled foliage. The DMSO-IgG label was readily transferred to P.bioculatus after feeding on a single marked prey insect. This investigation shows that addition of DMSO enhances retention of IgG labels, and demonstrates that protein marking technology has potential for use in dispersal and predator-prey studies with D.carinulata. Moreover, our observation of P.bioculatus feeding on D.carinulata is, to our knowledge, a new predator-prey association for the stink bug. C1 [Williams, Livy, III] USDA ARS European Biol Control Lab, F-34988 St Gely Du Fesc, France. [Hagler, James R.] USDA ARS, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [Tonkel, Kirk C.] USDA ARS, Great Basin Rangelands Res Unit, Reno, NV 89512 USA. RP Williams, L (reprint author), USDA ARS European Biol Control Lab, Campus Int Baillarguet,CS90013 Montferrier Sur Le, F-34988 St Gely Du Fesc, France. EM lwilliams@ars-ebcl.org NR 44 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0013-8703 J9 ENTOMOL EXP APPL JI Entomol. Exp. Appl. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 148 IS 3 BP 275 EP 286 DI 10.1111/eea.12100 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 198UW UT WOS:000322948900008 ER PT J AU Gayle, SM McKenney, M Follett, P Manoukis, NC AF Gayle, Stephanie M. McKenney, Michael Follett, Peter Manoukis, Nicholas C. TI A novel method for rearing wild tephritid fruit flies SO ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA LA English DT Article DE nutrition; papaya; diet; screen; Bactrocera cucurbitae; Diptera; Tephritidae ID BACTROCERA-TRYONI DIPTERA; FLY DIPTERA; MASS-PRODUCTION; ADAPTATION; QUALITY C1 [Gayle, Stephanie M.; McKenney, Michael; Follett, Peter; Manoukis, Nicholas C.] ARS, USDA, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Manoukis, NC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, 64 Nowelo St, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM nicholas.manoukis@ars.usda.gov OI Manoukis, Nicholas/0000-0001-5062-7256 NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 21 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0013-8703 J9 ENTOMOL EXP APPL JI Entomol. Exp. Appl. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 148 IS 3 BP 297 EP 301 DI 10.1111/eea.12095 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 198UW UT WOS:000322948900010 ER PT J AU Banuelos, GS Bitterli, C Schulin, R AF Banuelos, G. S. Bitterli, C. Schulin, R. TI Fate and movement of selenium from drainage sediments disposed onto soil with and without vegetation SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Selenium mobility; Phytomanagement; Sediment ID SAN-LUIS DRAIN; VOLATILIZATION; EXTRACTION; SPECIATION AB Disposal options for salty and selenium-laden agricultural drainage sediments are needed to protect the agricultural ecosystem in Central California. Thus, a 7-year pilot-scale field study evaluated the effects of disposing Se-laden drainage sediment onto soil that was planted with either salado grass (Sporobolus airoides 'salado') or cordgrass (Spartina patens 'Flageo'), or on soil left bare with and without irrigation. Significant decreases in salinity and water-extractable and total soil Se concentrations were observed in all treatments to a depth 30 cm, while water extractable Se and salinity increased most significantly between 30 and 60 cm. Total yields increased over time for both species, while plant Se concentrations were 10 and 12 mg kg(-1) DM for salado and cordgrass, respectively. The results show that Se and soluble salts disposed of as Se-laden drainage sediment onto light textured soils will significantly migrate to lower depths with or without vegetation. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Banuelos, G. S.] USDA ARS, Water Management Res Unit, Parlier, CA USA. [Bitterli, C.; Schulin, R.] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Terr Ecosyst ITES, Zurich, Switzerland. RP Banuelos, GS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Water Management Res Unit, Parlier, CA USA. EM gary.banuelos@ars.usda.gov; c_bitterli@hotmail.com; schulin@env.ethz.ch NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-7491 EI 1873-6424 J9 ENVIRON POLLUT JI Environ. Pollut. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 180 BP 7 EP 12 DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.04.034 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 191PO UT WOS:000322425300002 PM 23714369 ER PT J AU Kasel, D Bradford, SA Simunek, J Putz, T Vereecken, H Klumpp, E AF Kasel, Daniela Bradford, Scott A. Simunek, Jiri Puetz, Thomas Vereecken, Harry Klumpp, Erwin TI Limited transport of functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes in two natural soils SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Undisturbed soil; Carbon nanotube; Lysimeter; Retention profile; Transport modeling ID SATURATED POROUS-MEDIA; GRAIN-SIZE; MANUFACTURED NANOPARTICLES; BACTERIA TRANSPORT; POTENTIAL RELEASE; WATER; COLUMNS; DEPOSITION; TRANSFORMATION; SULFADIAZINE AB Column experiments were conducted in undisturbed and in repacked soil columns at water contents close to saturation (85-96%) to investigate the transport and retention of functionalized C-14-labeled multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) in two natural soils. Additionally, a field lysimeter experiment was performed to provide long-term information at a larger scale. In all experiments, no breakthrough of MWCNTs was detectable and more than 85% of the applied radioactivity was recovered in the soil profiles. The retention profiles exhibited a hyper-exponential shape with greater retention near the column or lysimeter inlet and were successfully simulated using a numerical model that accounted for depth-dependent retention. In conclusion, results indicated that the soils acted as a strong sink for MWCNTs. Little transport of MWCNTs is therefore likely to occur in the vadose zone, and this implies limited potential for groundwater contamination in the investigated soils. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kasel, Daniela; Puetz, Thomas; Vereecken, Harry; Klumpp, Erwin] Forschungszentrum Julich, Agrosphere Inst IBG 3, D-52425 Julich, Germany. [Bradford, Scott A.] ARS, US Salin Lab, USDA, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Simunek, Jiri] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Environm Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. RP Kasel, D (reprint author), Forschungszentrum Julich, Agrosphere Inst IBG 3, D-52425 Julich, Germany. EM d.kasel@fz-juelich.de; scott.bradford@ars.usda.gov; jiri.simunek@ucr.edu; t.puetz@fz-juelich.de; h.vereecken@fz-juelich.de; e.klumpp@fz-juelich.de FU German Federal Ministry of Education and Research FX This research was performed within the framework of the 'NanoFlow'-project supported by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research. The authors thank Ansgar Weuthen and Stephan Sittig for instructions and technical assistance with the experimental setup. The support of Markus Duschl and Yan Liang especially in collecting the soil samples is acknowledged. We thank Lutz Weihermuller for his helpful instructions with TDR and fruitful discussions. The practical assistance of Anne Berns, Diana Hofmann, Stephan Koppchen, Martina Krause, Ulrike Langen, Bastian Niedree, Herbert Philipp, and Herbert Rutzel, especially in conducting the lysimeter experiment, is highly appreciated. NR 50 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 4 U2 80 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-7491 J9 ENVIRON POLLUT JI Environ. Pollut. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 180 BP 152 EP 158 DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.05.031 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 191PO UT WOS:000322425300021 PM 23770315 ER PT J AU Brown, C Olsen, AR AF Brown, Cathy Olsen, Anthony R. TI Bioregional monitoring design and occupancy estimation for two Sierra Nevadan amphibian taxa SO FRESHWATER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE monitoring; amphibian; bioregional; probability survey design; probability of detection; Rana muscosa; Rana sierrae; Anaxyrus canorus; GRTS ID YELLOW-LEGGED FROG; ESTIMATING SITE OCCUPANCY; POND-BREEDING AMPHIBIANS; IMPERFECT DETECTION; AQUATIC RESOURCES; FISH INTRODUCTIONS; SPECIES OCCURRENCE; NATURAL-RESOURCES; ECOREGIONAL-SCALE; SAMPLING DESIGN AB Land-management agencies need quantitative, statistically rigorous monitoring data, often at large spatial and temporal scales, to support resource-management decisions. Monitoring designs typically must accommodate multiple ecological, logistical, political, and economic objectives and constraints. We present a long-term bioregional monitoring program to assess the status and change in populations of the federally listed candidate frog species, Yosemite toad (Anaxyrus [Bufo] canorus) and mountain yellow-legged frog (Rana muscosa/sierrae complex), on USDA Forest Service lands in the Sierra Nevada, California. The program takes advantage of advances in survey design and analysis to: 1) collect data at a metapopulation scale (i.e., small basins), 2) provide occupancy data on >= 2 species with overlapping ranges with the same field-monitoring protocols, 3) provide occupancy estimates applicable to the entire range of each species in the study region, 4) incorporate information from historical occupancy records, and 5) link the survey design to an existing survey design. We estimated occupancy assuming imperfect detection by extending existing procedures for maximum likelihood estimation to incorporate the unequal probability of selection used in the survey design. From 2002 to 2009, we estimate that the Yosemite toad used 0.25 +/- 0.01 (SE), 0.86 +/- 0.04, and 0.86 +/- 0.03 of basins over its range, with historical presence, and with presence since 1990, respectively, and the mountain yellow-legged frog used 0.04 +/- 0.01, 0.43 +/- 0.04, and 0.47 +/- 0.04 of basins over its range, with historical presence, and with presence since 1990, respectively. Survey date and snow pack affected detection of the Yosemite toad but not of the mountain yellow-legged frog. Monitoring costs were reduced by using a complex survey design with panels that required generalizing existing methods for estimating occupancy under imperfect detection. C1 [Brown, Cathy] US Dept Agr Forest Serv, Berkeley, CA 94701 USA. [Olsen, Anthony R.] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Brown, C (reprint author), US Dept Agr Forest Serv, POB 245, Berkeley, CA 94701 USA. EM cathybrown@fs.fed.us; olsen.tony@epa.gov FU US Forest Service; US Environmental Protection Agency FX This monitoring program was designed with input from numerous individuals, including members of the US Forest Service Sierra Province Assessment and Monitoring Team. Helpful comments on the manuscript were provided by Jim Baldwin, Phil Larsen, Amy Lind, Lucas Wilkinson, 2 referees, and Associate Editor Kevin Collier. The information in this article has been funded wholly (or in part) by the US Forest Service and the US Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the 2 agencies and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the agencies, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 69 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 47 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 2161-9549 EI 2161-9565 J9 FRESHW SCI JI Freshw. Sci. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 32 IS 3 BP 675 EP 691 DI 10.1899/11-168.1 PG 17 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 197DB UT WOS:000322828300001 ER PT J AU MacKenzie, RA Wiegner, TN Kinslow, F Cormier, N Strauch, AM AF MacKenzie, Richard A. Wiegner, Tracy N. Kinslow, Frances Cormier, Nicole Strauch, Ayron M. TI Leaf-litter inputs from an invasive nitrogen-fixing tree influence organic-matter dynamics and nitrogen inputs in a Hawaiian river SO FRESHWATER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE nitrogen fixing; invasive species; Falcataria moluccana; leaf litter decomposition; tropical stream ID RAIN-FOREST STREAM; ALDER ALNUS-RUBRA; RED ALDER; FOOD-WEB; DISSOLVED NUTRIENTS; SOUTHEASTERN ALASKA; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; HEADWATER STREAMS; MOUNTAIN STREAM; POLLUTED RIVER AB We examined how invasion of tropical riparian forests by an exotic N-fixing tree (Falcataria moluccana) affects organic-matter dynamics in a Hawaiian river by comparing early stages of leaf-litter breakdown between the exotic F. moluccana and native Metrosideros polymorpha trees. We examined early decomposition stages because of low leaf-litter retention rates (<20 d) that result from the flashy nature of tropical Pacific Island streams. Leaf breakdown rates, fungal biomass, and invertebrate abundances were 40, 120, and 30% greater, respectively, for F. moluccana than M. polymorpha leaves. Leaf-litter breakdown was largely a result of stream flow and to a lesser extent fungal colonization. Invertebrates were not an important factor in leaf-litter breakdown. Initial tannin content, leaf C:N, and toughness were important intrinsic factors inhibiting leaf breakdown and fungal colonization. Regression analyses between remaining N content (%) and ash-free dry mass of leaf litter revealed that the early stages of F. moluccana leaf-litter breakdown are a source of N to streams invaded by F. moluccana and contribute a conservatively estimated 2.1 to 5.7% to the available total dissolved N pool. Direct input of F. moluccana leaf litter influences early stages of leaf-litter breakdown in tropical streams with low leaf-litter retention rates. Direct input of leaf litter also contributes somewhat to N inputs, but subsurface flows through N-rich soils of F. moluccana-invaded riparian forests probably are a greater source. C1 [MacKenzie, Richard A.; Cormier, Nicole] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Wiegner, Tracy N.; Kinslow, Frances] Univ Hawaii, Dept Marine Sci, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Strauch, Ayron M.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Management, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP MacKenzie, RA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, 60 Nowelo St, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM rmackenzie@fs.fed.us; wiegner@hawaii.edu; kinslow@hawaii.edu; cormiern@usgs.gov; astrauch@hawaii.edu FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) [RIEL-38]; University of Hawai'i Sea Grant College Program; School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology from NOAA Office of Sea Grant [NA050AR4171048]; Department of Commerce; National Science Foundation's Research Experience for Undergraduates FX Janet "Oli" Kondo, Mark Manuel, Lindsey Shimizu, Kari Shozuya, Emily Siegel, Micah Brewer, and Caitlin Kryss assisted with field work and laboratory analysis. John Kominoski, Amanda Uowolo, and Paul Scowcroft provided valuable comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript, and Jim Baldwin and Ken Gerow provided valuable advice on statistical models. We thank Sharon Ziegler-Chong and her staff at the University of Hawaii Pacific Internship Programs for Exploring Science for providing support and guidance for the interns that worked on this project. We also thank the Hawai'i State Department of Land and Natural Resources and Barbara Green for providing access to the Wailuku River through their property. This research was funded by a grant and cooperative agreement from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Project RIEL-38, which is sponsored by the University of Hawai'i Sea Grant College Program, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, under Institutional Grant No. NA050AR4171048 from NOAA Office of Sea Grant, Department of Commerce and by National Science Foundation's Research Experience for Undergraduates. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of NOAA or any of its subagencies. NR 82 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 46 PU SOC FRESWATER SCIENCE PI WACO PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710 USA SN 2161-9565 J9 FRESHW SCI JI Freshw. Sci. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 32 IS 3 BP 1036 EP 1052 DI 10.1899/12-152.1 PG 17 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 197DB UT WOS:000322828300025 ER PT J AU Twine, TE Bryant, JJ Richter, K Bernacchi, CJ McConnaughay, KD Morris, SJ Leakey, ADB AF Twine, Tracy E. Bryant, Jarod J. T. Richter, Katherine Bernacchi, Carl J. McConnaughay, Kelly D. Morris, Sherri J. Leakey, Andrew D. B. TI Impacts of elevated CO2 concentration on the productivity and surface energy budget of the soybean and maize agroecosystem in the Midwest USA SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE agroecosystems; Agro-IBIS; carbon dioxide; evapotranspiration; latent heat flux; maize; sensible heat flux; soybean ID CONCENTRATION ENRICHMENT FACE; CARBON-DIOXIDE CONCENTRATION; GLOBAL VEGETATION MODELS; MISSISSIPPI RIVER-BASIN; OPEN-AIR ELEVATION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; UNITED-STATES; CANOPY EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; BIOSPHERE MODEL AB The physiological response of vegetation to increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2]) modifies productivity and surface energy and water fluxes. Quantifying this response is required for assessments of future climate change. Many global climate models account for this response; however, significant uncertainty remains in model simulations of this vegetation response and its impacts. Data from in situ field experiments provide evidence that previous modeling studies may have overestimated the increase in productivity at elevated [CO2], and the impact on large-scale water cycling is largely unknown. We parameterized the Agro-IBIS dynamic global vegetation model with observations from the SoyFACE experiment to simulate the response of soybean and maize to an increase in [CO2] from 375 ppm to 550 ppm. The two key model parameters that were found to vary with [CO2] were the maximum carboxylation rate of photosynthesis and specific leaf area. Tests of the model that used SoyFACE parameter values showed a good fit to site-level data for all variables except latent heat flux over soybean and sensible heat flux over both crops. Simulations driven with historic climate data over the central USA showed that increased [CO2] resulted in decreased latent heat flux and increased sensible heat flux from both crops when averaged over 30 years. Thirty-year average soybean yield increased everywhere (ca. 10%); however, there was no increase in maize yield except during dry years. Without accounting for CO2 effects on the maximum carboxylation rate of photosynthesis and specific leaf area, soybean simulations at 550 ppm overestimated leaf area and yield. Our results highlight important model parameter values that, if not modified in other models, could result in biases when projecting future crop-climate-water relationships. C1 [Twine, Tracy E.; Bryant, Jarod J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [T. Richter, Katherine; Bernacchi, Carl J.; Leakey, Andrew D. B.] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Inst Genom Biol 1402, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Bernacchi, Carl J.] USDA ARS, Global Change & Photosynth Res Unit, Edward R Madigan Lab MC 051, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [McConnaughay, Kelly D.; Morris, Sherri J.] Bradley Univ, Dept Biol, Peoria, IL 61625 USA. RP Twine, TE (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, 439 Borlaug Hall,1991 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM twine@umn.edu; leakey@illinois.edu RI Leakey, Andrew/Q-9889-2016 OI Leakey, Andrew/0000-0001-6251-024X FU US Department of Energy's Office of Science through the Midwestern Regional Center for the National Institute for Climatic Change Research at Michigan Technological University [DE-FC02-06ER64158] FX We thank Randall Nelson for providing SoyFACE yield data and Christopher Kucharik and three anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on the manuscript. This study was supported by the US Department of Energy's Office of Science through the Midwestern Regional Center for the National Institute for Climatic Change Research at Michigan Technological University, under Award Number DE-FC02-06ER64158. NR 90 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 4 U2 103 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1354-1013 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 19 IS 9 BP 2838 EP 2852 DI 10.1111/gcb.12270 PG 15 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 196FD UT WOS:000322758000022 PM 23716193 ER PT J AU Basoalto, E Hilton, R Knight, A AF Basoalto, E. Hilton, R. Knight, A. TI Factors affecting the efficacy of a vinegar trap for Drosophila suzikii (Diptera; Drosophilidae) SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bait; blackberry; blueberry; cherry; model; monitoring; trap ID SPOTTED-WING DROSOPHILA; SUZUKII; INFESTATION; FRUITS; CHERRY AB Drosophila suzukii, Matsumura, is a relatively new pest in the United States attacking a variety of fruit crops. Studies were conducted to develop a standardized, economical trap for monitoring. Laboratory bioassays found that flies were attracted to dark colours ranging from red to black. Similarly, fly catches in 237-ml plastic 'spice' jars with ten 0.48-cm holes and baited with apple cider vinegar were significantly higher in jars with red or black than white caps. The use of an alternating set of three, horizontal red, black and red bands ('Zorro' trap) significantly increased fly catches compared with the use of all-red or all-black strips. This increase was associated with a significantly higher proportion of flies first landing on the side near the openings of the trap instead of on the cap with the 'Zorro' trap compared with the other traps. Laboratory data were used to develop a predictive model to define total fly capture as a function of trap colour/colour pattern, cumulative area of entry holes and the length of the trapping portion of the trap. Total fly catches by the 'Zorro' trap were compared with other red and clear plastic traps in five field trials conducted in several cultivated and uncultivated sites. Comparisons included a commercial red-capped 200-ml trap with two 0.63-cm holes, an all-red spice jar with ten 0.48-cm holes and clear and red 473-ml and clear 946-ml plastic cups with six or ten 0.48-or 0.63-cm holes. The model was successfully validated, suggesting that performance of cup traps can be predicted based on a few characteristics. The current 'Zorro' trap did not catch most of the flies among trap designs, but showed some advantages, including the durability and potential to recycle the plastic, small size, commercial availability and its greater selectivity for D. suzukii than the other traps tested. C1 [Basoalto, E.; Hilton, R.] Oregon State Univ, Southern Oregon Res Expt Stn, Medford, WA USA. [Knight, A.] ARS, USDA, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. RP Knight, A (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. EM alan.knight@ars.usda.gov RI Marion-Poll, Frederic/D-8882-2011; Basoalto Venegas, Esteban/A-6384-2016 OI Marion-Poll, Frederic/0000-0001-6824-0180; Basoalto Venegas, Esteban/0000-0003-2280-8978 NR 14 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 103 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0931-2048 J9 J APPL ENTOMOL JI J. Appl. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 137 IS 8 BP 561 EP 570 DI 10.1111/jen.12053 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 196ZW UT WOS:000322817300001 ER PT J AU Carpenter, JE Blomefield, T Hight, SD AF Carpenter, J. E. Blomefield, T. Hight, S. D. TI Comparison of laboratory and field bioassays of laboratory-reared Cydia pomonella (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) quality and field performance SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE codling moth; flight ability; quality control; sterile insect technique ID CODLING MOTHS LEPIDOPTERA; STERILE INSECT TECHNIQUE; GAMMA-RADIATION; SOUTH-AFRICA; REARING STRATEGY; MOBILITY; POPULATIONS; COMPATIBILITY; FERTILITY; FECUNDITY AB Maximum production and fitness of insect species that are mass-reared for biological control programmes such as the sterile insect technique (SIT ) have benefitted from the employment of quality control and quality management. With a growing interest in the use of SIT as a tactic for the suppression/eradication of key lepidopteran pests, such as the codling moth, C ydia pomonella L . (L epidoptera: T ortricidae), there is a parallel interest in inexpensive bioassays that can accurately detect differences in insect quality and monitor insect field performance. In this study, we examined laboratory (mating and flight ability) bioassays and field (field cage and open field release) bioassays simultaneously to discern the ability of the different bioassays to predict quality and field performance of codling moths produced in a commercial mass-rearing facility. Moth quality was degraded by different levels of radiation during the sterilization procedure. Both the laboratory flight bioassay and the field cage bioassay successfully detected quality and performance differences that were relevant to moth performance in the field. However, the study data suggest that the field cage bioassay was a better predictor of the daily performance of males that had been released in the orchard than the laboratory flight bioassay. Conversely, data suggest that the controlled climatic conditions of the laboratory allowed the flight cylinder bioassay to be more sensitive in detecting daily fluctuations in the quality of moths caused by factors within the mass-rearing facility. Therefore, both laboratory and field bioassays may be required to provide feedback on quality and performance of mass-reared moths in a SIT programme. C1 [Carpenter, J. E.] ARS, USDA, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. [Blomefield, T.] Agr Res Council, Stellenbosch, South Africa. [Hight, S. D.] ARS, USDA, CMAVE, Ctr Biol Control,FAMU, Tallahassee, FL USA. RP Carpenter, JE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, POB 748, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. EM jim.carpenter@ars.usda.gov FU Deciduous Fruit Producers Trust; ARC Infruitec-Nietvoorbij; International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna FX We would like to thank ARC Infruitec-Nietvoorbij for providing laboratory and cold room facilities, Entomon Technologies (Pty) Ltd for providing the codling moths, the University of Stellenbosch for providing the orchards and Muriel Knipe and Niel DuPlessis for invaluable technical assistance. Thanks to the Deciduous Fruit Producers Trust, ARC Infruitec-Nietvoorbij and the International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, for providing funds to support the research. NR 38 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 31 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0931-2048 J9 J APPL ENTOMOL JI J. Appl. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 137 IS 8 BP 631 EP 640 DI 10.1111/jen.12039 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 196ZW UT WOS:000322817300008 ER PT J AU Wang, XF Tan, J Bai, ZQ Su, HA Deng, XL Li, ZA Zhou, CY Chen, JC AF Wang, Xuefeng Tan, Jin Bai, Ziqin Su, Huanan Deng, Xiaoling Li, Zhongan Zhou, Changyong Chen, Jianchi TI Detection and Characterization of Miniature Inverted-Repeat Transposable Elements in "Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus" SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INSERTION SEQUENCES; TANDEM REPEATS; GENOME; CITRUS; DNA; SOFTWARE; DIVERSITY; BACTERIUM; ALIGNMENT; DISEASE AB Miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements (MITEs) are nonautonomous transposons (devoid of the transposase gene tps) that affect gene functions through insertion/deletion events. No transposon has yet been reported to occur in "Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus," an alphaproteobacterium associated with citrus Huanglongbing (HLB, yellow shoot disease). In this study, two MITEs, MCLas-A and MCLas-B, in "Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus" were detected, and the genome was characterized using 326 isolates collected in China and Florida. MCLas-A had three variants, ranging from 237 to 325 bp, and was inserted into a TTTAGG site of a prophage region. MCLas-A had a pair of 54-bp terminal inverted repeats (TIRs), which contained three tandem repeats of TGGTAACCAC. Both "filled" (with MITE) and "empty" (without MITE) states were detected, suggesting the MITE mobility. The empty sites of all bacterial isolates had TIR tandem repeat remnants (TRR). Frequencies of TRR types varied according to geographical origins. MCLas-B had four variants, ranging from 238 to 250 bp, and was inserted into a TA site of another "Ca. Liberibacter" prophage. The MITE, MCLas-B, had a pair of 23-bp TIRs containing no tandem repeats. No evidence of MCLas-B mobility was found. An identical open reading frame was found upstream of MCLas-A (229 bp) and MCLas-B (232 bp) and was predicted to be a putative tps, suggesting an in cis tps-MITE configuration. MCLas-A and MCLas-B were predominantly copresent in Florida isolates, whereas MCLas-A alone or MCLas-B alone was found in Chinese isolates. C1 [Wang, Xuefeng; Tan, Jin; Bai, Ziqin; Su, Huanan; Li, Zhongan; Zhou, Changyong] Southwest Univ, Citrus Res Inst, Natl Citrus Engn Res Ctr, Chongqing, Peoples R China. [Wang, Xuefeng; Chen, Jianchi] ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, USDA, Parlier, CA USA. [Tan, Jin; Bai, Ziqin; Su, Huanan] Southwest Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Chongqing, Peoples R China. [Deng, Xiaoling] South China Agr Univ, Citrus Huanglongbing Res Ctr, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. RP Chen, JC (reprint author), ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, USDA, Parlier, CA USA. EM zhoucy@cric.cn; jianchi.chen@ars.usda.gov RI Wang, Xuefeng/G-3065-2013 OI Wang, Xuefeng/0000-0002-9293-3427 FU Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest [201003067-02]; Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (PCSIRT) [IRT0976]; Natural Science Foundation Project of CQ CSTC [cstc2012jjA80025]; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Citrus [CKLC201108]; California Citrus Research Board [5300-151] FX This work was supported by Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (201003067-02), Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (PCSIRT, IRT0976), Natural Science Foundation Project of CQ CSTC (cstc2012jjA80025), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Citrus (CKLC201108), and California Citrus Research Board (5300-151). NR 41 TC 5 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 195 IS 17 BP 3979 EP 3986 DI 10.1128/JB.00413-13 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 200DM UT WOS:000323047900020 PM 23813735 ER PT J AU Callahan, CM Rowe, CA Ryel, RJ Shaw, JD Madritch, MD Mock, KE AF Callahan, Colin M. Rowe, Carol A. Ryel, Ronald J. Shaw, John D. Madritch, Michael D. Mock, Karen E. TI Continental-scale assessment of genetic diversity and population structure in quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides) SO JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE Aspen; climate; genetic; Last Glacial Maximum; microsatellites; North America; phylogeography; rear edge; tree; western USA ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; BALSAM POPLAR; POSTGLACIAL COLONIZATION; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; AMERICAN ASPENS; GLACIAL REFUGIA; PLANT DIVERSITY; PONDEROSA PINE; NORTH-AMERICA; LANDSCAPE AB Aim Quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides) has the largest natural distribution of any tree native to North America. The primary objectives of this study were to characterize range-wide genetic diversity and genetic structuring in quaking aspen, and to assess the influence of glacial history and rear-edge dynamics. Location North America. Methods Using a sample set representing the full longitudinal and latitudinal extent of the species' distribution, we examined geographical patterns of genetic diversity and structuring using 8 nuclear microsatellite loci in 794 individuals from 30 sampling sites. Results Two major genetic clusters were identified across the range: a southwestern cluster and a northern cluster. The south-western cluster, which included two subclusters, was bounded approximately by the Continental Divide to the east and the southern extent of the ice sheet at the Last Glacial Maximum to the north. Subclusters were not detected in the northern cluster, despite its continent-wide distribution. Genetic distance was significantly correlated with geographical distance in the south-western but not the northern cluster, and allelic richness was significantly lower in south-western sampling sites compared with northern sampling sites. Population structuring was low overall, but elevated in the south-western cluster. Main conclusions Aspen populations in the south-western portion of the range are consistent with expectations for a historically stable edge, with low within-population diversity, significant geographical population structuring, and little evidence of northward expansion. Structuring within the southwestern cluster may result from distinct gene pools separated during the Pleistocene and reunited following glacial retreat, similar to patterns found in other forest tree species in the western USA. In aspen, populations in the southwestern portion of the species range are thought to be at particularly high risk of mortality with climate change. Our findings suggest that these same populations may be disproportionately valuable in terms of both evolutionary potential and conservation value. C1 [Callahan, Colin M.; Rowe, Carol A.; Ryel, Ronald J.; Mock, Karen E.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Callahan, Colin M.; Rowe, Carol A.; Ryel, Ronald J.; Mock, Karen E.] Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Shaw, John D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ogden, UT 84401 USA. [Madritch, Michael D.] Appalachian State Univ, Dept Biol, Boone, NC 28608 USA. RP Mock, KE (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM karen.mock@usu.edu RI Mock , Karen/C-1418-2011 FU USDA Forest Inventory and Analysis Program; USU Cedar Mountain Initiative; NASA Biodiversity Program; USDA National Research Initiative; USDA Natural Resource Conservation Service; USU Research Catalyst Program; USU ADVANCE Program FX We would like to thank James Long and Paul Wolf for their involvement in this project. We are also grateful to E. C. Packee, Sr., M. L. Fairweather, Richard S. Gardner, R. Daigle, L. Kennedy, S. Wilson, R.J. DeRose, the USFS FIA Program, L. Ballard, D. Keefe, E. Hurd, L. Nagel, F. Baker, E. F. Martinez Hernandez, J. Higginson, H. G. Shaw, B. Pitman, S. Landhausser, R. Magelssen, V. Hipkins and J. DeWoody for assistance in collecting and analysing samples. We are particularly grateful to the various funding sources that have supported this work: the USDA Forest Inventory and Analysis Program, the USU Cedar Mountain Initiative, the NASA Biodiversity Program, the USDA National Research Initiative, the USDA Natural Resource Conservation Service, the USU Research Catalyst Program, and the USU ADVANCE Program. This paper was prepared in part by an employee of the US Forest Service as part of official duties and is therefore in the public domain. NR 65 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 4 U2 84 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0305-0270 J9 J BIOGEOGR JI J. Biogeogr. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 40 IS 9 BP 1780 EP 1791 DI 10.1111/jbi.12115 PG 12 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA 199GG UT WOS:000322981900013 ER PT J AU Tran, N Zielke, RA Vining, OB Azevedo, MD Armstrong, DJ Banowetz, GM McPhail, KL Sikora, AE AF Nini Tran Zielke, Ryszard A. Vining, Oliver B. Azevedo, Mark D. Armstrong, Donald J. Banowetz, Gary M. McPhail, Kerry L. Sikora, Aleksandra E. TI Development of a Quantitative Assay Amenable for High-Throughput Screening to Target the Type II Secretion System for New Treatments against Plant-Pathogenic Bacteria SO JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR SCREENING LA English DT Article DE type II secretion system; phytopathogenic bacteria; high-throughput assay; Dickeya dadantii; cellulase activity ID ERWINIA-CHRYSANTHEMI; PSEUDOMONAS; METABOLISM; CELLULASE; MEMBRANE; PROTEINS; MUTANTS AB Plant-pathogenic bacteria are the causative agents of diseases in important agricultural crops and ornamental plants. The severe economic burden of these diseases requires seeking new approaches for their control, particularly because phytopathogenic bacteria are often resistant to available treatments. The type II secretion (T2S) system is a key virulence factor used by major groups of phytopathogenic bacteria. The T2S machinery transports many hydrolytic enzymes responsible for degradation of the plant cell wall, thus enabling successful colonization and dissemination of the bacteria in the plant host. The genetic inactivation of the T2S system leads to loss of virulence, which strongly suggests that targeting the T2S could enable new treatments against plant-pathogenic bacteria. Accordingly, we have designed and optimized an assay to identify small-molecule inhibitors of the T2S system. This assay uses a double parametric output: measurement of bacterial growth and the enzymatic activity of cellulase, which is secreted via the T2S pathway in our model organism Dickeya dadantii. The assay was evaluated by screening natural extracts, culture filtrates isolated from rhizosphere bacteria, and a collection of pharmaceutically active compounds in LOPAC(1280). The calculated Z values of 0.63, 0.63, and 0.58, respectively, strongly suggest that the assay is applicable for a high-throughput screening platform. C1 [Nini Tran; Zielke, Ryszard A.; Vining, Oliver B.; McPhail, Kerry L.; Sikora, Aleksandra E.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Azevedo, Mark D.; Banowetz, Gary M.] ARS, USDA, Natl Forage & Seed Prod Res Ctr, Corvallis, OR USA. [Armstrong, Donald J.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Sikora, AE (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, 419 Weniger Hall,103 SW Mem Pl, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM Aleksandra.Sikora@oregonstate.edu FU Agricultural Research Foundation (Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR) [FA364N]; National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [5R21AI085540-02]; Oregon Sea Grant from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Sea Grant College Program, U.S. Department of Commerce [NA10OAR4170059, R/BT-48]; Oregon state legislature FX The authors disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This work was funded by the Agricultural Research Foundation (Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR) FA364N and start-up funds to Aleksandra E. Sikora. Preparation of natural products extracts was supported by the National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (5R21AI085540-02) and an Oregon Sea Grant under award number NA10OAR4170059 (project number R/BT-48) from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Sea Grant College Program, U.S. Department of Commerce, and by appropriations made by the Oregon state legislature. The statements, findings, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of these funders. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 17 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1087-0571 J9 J BIOMOL SCREEN JI J. Biomol. Screen PD SEP PY 2013 VL 18 IS 8 BP 921 EP 929 DI 10.1177/1087057113485426 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry GA 201BI UT WOS:000323115300007 PM 23580665 ER PT J AU Bonewald, LF Kiel, DP Clemens, TL Esser, K Orwoll, ES O'Keefe, RJ Fielding, RA AF Bonewald, Lynda F. Kiel, Douglas P. Clemens, Thomas L. Esser, Karyn Orwoll, Eric S. O'Keefe, Regis J. Fielding, Roger A. TI Forum on bone and skeletal muscle interactions: Summary of the proceedings of an ASBMR workshop SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE MUSCLE; BONE; MUSCULOSKELETAL; OSTEOPOROSIS; SARCOPENIA; AGING ID PROXIMAL FEMORAL STRENGTH; OBESE OLDER-ADULTS; MINERAL DENSITY; MYOSTATIN GDF-8; UNITED-STATES; WEIGHT-LOSS; SARCOPENIA; WOMEN; MASS; EXERCISE AB Annual costs are enormous for musculoskeletal diseases such as osteoporosis and sarcopenia and for bone and muscle injuries, costing billions annually in health care. Although it is clear that muscle and bone development, growth, and function are connected, and that muscle loads bone, little is known regarding cellular and molecular interactions between these two tissues. A conference supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR) was held in July 2012 to address the enormous burden of musculoskeletal disease. National and international experts in either bone or muscle presented their findings and their novel hypotheses regarding muscle-bone interactions to stimulate the exchange of ideas between these two fields. The immediate goal of the conference was to identify critical research themes that would lead to collaborative research interactions and grant applications focusing on interactions between muscle and bone. The ultimate goal of the meeting was to generate a better understanding of how these two tissues integrate and crosstalk in both health and disease to stimulate new therapeutic strategies to enhance and maintain musculoskeletal health. (C) 2013 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. C1 [Bonewald, Lynda F.] Univ Missouri, Sch Dent, Dept Oral & Craniofacial Sci, Kansas City, MO 64108 USA. [Kiel, Douglas P.] Hebrew SeniorLife, Inst Aging Res, Boston, MA USA. [Kiel, Douglas P.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Clemens, Thomas L.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Esser, Karyn] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY USA. [Orwoll, Eric S.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [O'Keefe, Regis J.] Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. [Fielding, Roger A.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Bonewald, LF (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Sch Dent, Dept Oral & Craniofacial Sci, 650 East 25th St, Kansas City, MO 64108 USA. EM Bonewaldl@umkc.edu OI Kiel, Douglas/0000-0001-8474-0310 FU National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases of the National Institutes of Health [R13AR063602]; National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research (NIDCR); National Center for Complementary & Alternative Medicine (NCCAM); Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health (OD); National Institute on Aging (NIA); National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD); US Department of Agriculture [58-1950-0-014] FX Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases of the National Institutes of Health under award number R13AR063602. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. This grant was funded by the following Institutes: the National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), the National Center for Complementary & Alternative Medicine (NCCAM), the Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health (OD), the National Institute on Aging (NIA), the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD).; RAF is supported in part by US Department of Agriculture under grant #58-1950-0-014. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the view of the US Department of Agriculture. NR 65 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 28 IS 9 BP 1857 EP 1865 DI 10.1002/jbmr.1980 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 202HI UT WOS:000323204300002 PM 23671010 ER PT J AU Peng, YC Gardner, DJ Han, Y Cai, ZY Tshabalala, MA AF Peng, Yucheng Gardner, Douglas J. Han, Yousoo Cai, Zhiyong Tshabalala, Mandla A. TI Influence of drying method on the surface energy of cellulose nanofibrils determined by inverse gas chromatography SO JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Cellulose nanofibrils; Drying; Surface energy; Inverse gas chromatography ID MICROCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE; AMORPHOUS CELLULOSE; FIBRIL AGGREGATION; NATIVE CELLULOSE; WOOD FIBERS; ADSORPTION; ALKANES; POLYSACCHARIDES; COVERAGE; PULPS AB Research and development of the renewable nanomaterial cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) has received considerable attention. The effect of drying on the surface energy of CNFs was investigated. Samples of nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) were each subjected to four separate drying methods: air-drying, freeze-drying, spray-drying, and supercritical-drying. The surface morphology of the dried CNFs was examined using a scanning electron microscope. The surface energy of the dried CNFs was determined using inverse gas chromatography at infinite dilution and column temperatures: 30, 40, 50, 55, and 60 degrees C. Surface energy measurements of supercritical-dried NFCs were performed also at column temperatures: 70, 75, and 80 degrees C Different drying methods produced CNFs with different morphologies which in turn significantly influenced their surface energy. Supercritical-drying resulted in NFCs having a dispersion component of surface energy of 98.3 +/- 5.8 mJ/m(2) at 30 degrees C The dispersion component of surface energy of freeze-dried NFCs (44.3 +/- 0.4 mJ/m(2) at 30 degrees C) and CNCs (46.5 +/- 0.9 mJ/m(2) at 30 degrees C) were the lowest among all the CNFs. The pre-freezing treatment during the freeze-drying process is hypothesized to have a major impact on the dispersion component of surface energy of the CNFs. The acid and base parameters of all the dried CNFs were amphoteric (acidic and basic) although predominantly basic in nature. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Peng, Yucheng; Gardner, Douglas J.; Han, Yousoo] Univ Maine, Adv Struct & Composites Ctr, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Peng, Yucheng; Gardner, Douglas J.; Han, Yousoo] Univ Maine, Sch Forest Resources, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Cai, Zhiyong; Tshabalala, Mandla A.] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Gardner, DJ (reprint author), Univ Maine, Adv Struct & Composites Ctr, 35 Flagstaff Rd, Orono, ME 04469 USA. EM douglasg@maine.edu FU Maine Economic Improvement Fund; USDA Forest Service Forest Product Laboratory [11-JV-11111124-079] FX We acknowledge the finical support from Maine Economic Improvement Fund and the USDA Forest Service Forest Product Laboratory Project Number 11-JV-11111124-079. The content and information does not necessarily reflect the position of the funding agencies. Much appreciation goes to J. Rettenmaier & Wine GMBH Company for donating the nanofibrillated cellulose. NR 60 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 47 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9797 EI 1095-7103 J9 J COLLOID INTERF SCI JI J. Colloid Interface Sci. PD SEP 1 PY 2013 VL 405 BP 85 EP 95 DI 10.1016/j.jcis.2013.05.033 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 180MD UT WOS:000321598400013 PM 23786833 ER PT J AU Cooperband, MF Hartness, A Lelito, JP Cosse, AA AF Cooperband, Miriam F. Hartness, Ashley Lelito, Jonathan P. Cosse, Allard A. TI Landing Surface Color Preferences of Spathius agrili (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a Parasitoid of Emerald Ash Borer, Agrilus planipennis (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) SO JOURNAL OF INSECT BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE Color; landing; trap design; parasitoid; wind tunnel; pheromone ID DIACHASMIMORPHA-LONGICAUDATA HYMENOPTERA; STICKY TRAPS; INSECTS; THYSANOPTERA; THRIPIDAE; SELECTION; VISION; CHINA; SIZE AB The color preferences for landing surfaces were examined for Spathius agrili (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a parasitic wasp introduced for biocontrol of emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis (Coleoptera: Buprestidae). Lures with the 3-component pheromone blend of male S. agrili were used to activate upwind flight by virgin female S. agrili in a laminar flow wind tunnel. Paper discs with halves of two different colors (combination pairs of black, white, red, yellow, green, or purple), with the pheromone lure in the center, were tested to quantify preferences for landing on one color over another. Females landed preferentially on green, yellow, and white surfaces, and landed the least frequently on red, black, and purple surfaces. Changes in color preferences due to adjacent colors were observed and discussed. C1 [Cooperband, Miriam F.; Hartness, Ashley] USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST, Otis Lab, Buzzards Bay, MA 02542 USA. [Lelito, Jonathan P.] USDA APHIS PPQ, Brighton Lab, Brighton, MI 48116 USA. [Cosse, Allard A.] USDA ARS NCAUR, Crop Bioprotect Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Cooperband, MF (reprint author), USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST, Otis Lab, 1398 W Truck Rd, Buzzards Bay, MA 02542 USA. EM Miriam.F.Cooperband@aphis.usda.gov NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 29 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0892-7553 J9 J INSECT BEHAV JI J. Insect Behav. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 26 IS 5 BP 721 EP 729 DI 10.1007/s10905-013-9387-3 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 195UC UT WOS:000322728100010 ER PT J AU Porter, SD Valles, SM Oi, DH AF Porter, Sanford D. Valles, Steven M. Oi, David H. TI Host specificity and colony impacts of the fire ant pathogen, Solenopsis invicta virus 3 SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Positive-strand RNA virus; Picornavirales; Formicidae; Hymenoptera; Red imported fire ant; Biocontrol ID STRAND RNA VIRUS; GENOME; DISCOVERY; SEQUENCE AB An understanding of host specificity is essential before pathogens can be used as biopesticides or self-sustaining biocontrol agents. In order to define the host range of the recently discovered Solenopsis invicta virus 3 (SINV-3), we exposed laboratory colonies of 19 species of ants in 14 genera and 4 subfamilies to this virus. Despite extreme exposure during these tests, active, replicating infections only occurred in Solenopsis invicta Buren and hybrid (S. invicta x S. richteri) fire ant colonies. The lack of infections in test Solenopsis geminata fire ants from the United States indicates that SINV-3 is restricted to the saevissima complex of South American fire ants, especially since replicating virus was also found in several field-collected samples of the black imported fire ant, Solenopsis rich ten Forel. S. invicta colonies infected with SINV-3 declined dramatically with average brood reductions of 85% or more while colonies of other species exposed to virus remained uninfected and healthy. The combination of high virulence and high host specificity suggest that SINV-3 has the potential for use as either a biopesticide or a self-sustaining biocontrol agent. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Porter, Sanford D.; Valles, Steven M.; Oi, David H.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Porter, SD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, 1600 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM sanford.porter@ars.usda.gov; steven.valles@ars.usda.gov; david.oi@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 33 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2011 J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL JI J. Invertebr. Pathol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 114 IS 1 BP 1 EP 6 DI 10.1016/j.jip.2013.04.013 PG 6 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 197KH UT WOS:000322849600001 PM 23665158 ER PT J AU Becnel, JJ Scheffrahn, RH Vossbrinck, C Bander, B AF Becnel, James J. Scheffrahn, Rudolf H. Vossbrinck, Charles Bander, Brian TI Multilamina teevani gen. et sp nov., a microsporidian pathogen of the neotropical termite Uncitermes teevani SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Microsporidia; Isoptera; Termite; Phylogeny; Parasite; Taxonomy ID OVAVESICULA-POPILLIAE MICROSPORIDIA; IMPORTED FIRE ANT; N-SP; RETICULITERMES FLAVIPES; PHYLOGENETIC POSITION; ISOPTERA TERMITIDAE; SYNTERMITINAE; VAIRIMORPHA; HYMENOPTERA; FORMICIDAE AB A new genus and species of microsporidia is described from adults of the termite Uncitermes teevani (Emerson) (n. comb., formerly Armitermes teevani), collected in Ecuador. Masses of elongate, ovoid, uninucleate spores were localized to the coelomic cavity of adult workers and measured 6.29 x 3.33 mu m (fresh) and 5.83 x 3.00 mu m (fixed). These spores were individually contained within a multi-layered sporophorous vesicle and contained an isofilar polar filament with 24-28 coils. Blast-n analysis revealed that the small subunit ribosomal DNA (ssrDNA) sequence of this new species exhibited 85% identity with that of a Varimmpha species from the fire ant, Solenopsis richteri, and slightly less (78-85% identity) to a large clade of microsporidian parasites from mosquitoes and microcrustacea. The morphological and sequence data support the conclusion that Multilamina teevani gen. et sp. nov. is a novel microsporidium and distinct from any previously described genera or species. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Becnel, James J.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Scheffrahn, Rudolf H.] Univ Florida, Ft Lauderdale Res & Educ Ctr, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. [Vossbrinck, Charles] Connecticut Agr Expt Stn, Dept Environm Sci, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Bander, Brian] Washington State Univ, Dept Entomol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Becnel, JJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, 1600 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM James.Becnel@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 18 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2011 EI 1096-0805 J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL JI J. Invertebr. Pathol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 114 IS 1 BP 100 EP 105 DI 10.1016/j.jip.2013.06.006 PG 6 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 197KH UT WOS:000322849600017 PM 23827081 ER PT J AU Tooley, PW Browning, M Leighty, RM AF Tooley, Paul W. Browning, Marsha Leighty, Robert M. TI Inoculum Density Relationships for Infection of Some Eastern US Forest Species by Phytophthora ramorum SO JOURNAL OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE epidemiology; ramorum blight; sudden oak death ID PARASITICA VAR-NICOTIANAE; OAK DEATH PATHOGEN; COLLETOTRICHUM-COCCODES; WETNESS DURATION; PLANT-AGE; SUSCEPTIBILITY; CALIFORNIA; RESISTANCE; INOCULATION; TEMPERATURE AB Our objectives were to establish inoculum density relationships between P.ramorum and selected hosts using detached leaf and whole-plant inoculations. Young plants and detached leaves of Quercus prinus (Chestnut oak), Q.rubra (Northern red oak), Acer rubrum (red maple), Kalmia latifolia (mountain laurel) and Rhododendron Cunningham's White' were dip-inoculated with varying numbers of P.ramorum sporangia, and the total number of diseased and healthy leaves recorded following incubation at 20 degrees C and 100% relative humidity. Calibration threshold estimates for obtaining 50% infected leaves based on linear analysis ranged from 36 to 750 sporangia/ml for the five hosts. Half-life (LD50) estimates (the number of spores for which the per cent of diseased leaves reaches 50% of its total) from asymptotic regression analysis ranged from 94 to 319 sporangia/ml. Statistically significant differences (P=0.0076) were observed among hosts in per cent infection in response to increased inoculum density. Inoculum threshold estimates based on studies with detached leaves were comparable to those obtained using whole plants. P.ramorum hosts and will be useful in disease prediction and for development of pest risk assessments. C1 [Tooley, Paul W.; Browning, Marsha] ARS, Foreign Dis Weed Sci Res Unit, USDA, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Leighty, Robert M.] Frederick Natl Lab Canc Res, Data Management Serv, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Tooley, PW (reprint author), ARS, Foreign Dis Weed Sci Res Unit, USDA, 1301 Ditto Ave, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM paul.tooley@ars.usda.gov FU USDA Forest Service; Pacific Southwest Research Station FX We gratefully acknowledge the funding for this project provided by the USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, and the technical assistance of Kristin Henderson. NR 44 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 29 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0931-1785 J9 J PHYTOPATHOL JI J. Phytopathol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 161 IS 9 BP 595 EP 603 DI 10.1111/jph.12107 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 195NB UT WOS:000322708500001 ER PT J AU Varanasi, V Shin, S Johnson, F Mattheis, JP Zhu, YM AF Varanasi, Vijaya Shin, Sungbong Johnson, Franklin Mattheis, James P. Zhu, Yanmin TI Differential Suppression of Ethylene Biosynthesis and Receptor Genes in 'Golden Delicious' Apple by Preharvest and Postharvest 1-MCP Treatments SO JOURNAL OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATION LA English DT Article DE Harvista (TM); SmartFresh (TM); 1-MCP; MdACS1; MdACS3; Fruit maturity ID LONG-TERM STORAGE; 1-AMINOCYCLOPROPANE-1-CARBOXYLATE SYNTHASE; FRUIT MATURATION; 1-METHYLCYCLOPROPENE 1-MCP; ALCOHOL ACYLTRANSFERASE; SUPERFICIAL SCALD; MDACS3 GENE; SOFT SCALD; SHELF-LIFE; EXPRESSION AB Harvista (TM), a sprayable formulation of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), has recently been developed for preharvest use on horticultural products, whereas SmartFresh (TM) is a widely used 1-MCP treatment for products after harvest. The effects of Harvista (TM) on apple fruit ripening when sprayed at different maturities and on expression patterns of ethylene biosynthesis and receptor genes during storage have been investigated. Harvista (TM) applied to on-tree maturing apple fruit at an average starch pattern index of 2.5 resulted in a higher at-harvest firmness value compared with those treated at a starch pattern index of 1.5 and 3.5. This indicates that the timing of the Harvista (TM) application is critical. An application of Harvista (TM) led to better postharvest fruit firmness retention as well as reduced ethylene production. In addition, both preharvest and postharvest 1-MCP treatments resulted in contrasting responses in the expression patterns of two ethylene biosynthesis genes and in differentially suppressing effects on four ethylene receptor genes. Furthermore, the combined application of Harvista (TM) + SmartFresh (TM) resulted in greater fruit firmness retention and longer ethylene suppression. The expression profiles of these genes during on-tree fruit maturation prior to Harvista (TM) application were also characterized. Different regulation patterns of receptor genes could contribute to differential effects by 1-MCP treatments. The potential roles of Harvista (TM) to manipulate the ripening process as well as the molecular mechanism influencing 1-MCP treatment efficacy are discussed. C1 [Varanasi, Vijaya; Johnson, Franklin] Washington State Univ, Tree Fruit Res & Extens Ctr, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. [Shin, Sungbong; Mattheis, James P.; Zhu, Yanmin] USDA, Tree Fruit Res Lab, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. RP Zhu, YM (reprint author), USDA, Tree Fruit Res Lab, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. EM yanmin.zhu@ars.usda.gov FU Washington Tree Fruit Research Committee; AgroFresh/Rohm and Hass Company FX We thank Mallela Magana, Janie Countryman, Dave Buchanan, and Edward Valdez for their contribution to the fruit harvests, maturity tests, tissue collection, and others excellent technical assistance. We also thank Dr. Amit Dhingra and Dr. Jun Song for their critical review of the manuscript. This study was supported by funds from the Washington Tree Fruit Research Committee and AgroFresh/Rohm and Hass Company. NR 54 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 5 U2 61 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0721-7595 J9 J PLANT GROWTH REGUL JI J. Plant Growth Regul. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 32 IS 3 BP 585 EP 595 DI 10.1007/s00344-013-9326-8 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 196NE UT WOS:000322781500013 ER PT J AU Taliercio, E Kim, SW AF Taliercio, Earl Kim, Sung Woo TI Epitopes from two soybean glycinin subunits are antigenic in pigs SO JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE A1aBx; A5A4B3; allergen; antibody; ELISA; seed storage protein ID EARLY-WEANED PIGS; BETA-CONGLYCININ; ALLERGEN; HYPERSENSITIVITY; IDENTIFICATION; PROTEINS AB BACKGROUND Glycinin is a seed storage protein in soybean (Glycine max) that is allergenic in pigs. Glycinin is a hexamer composed of subunits consisting of basic and acidic portions joined by disulfide bridges. There are five glycinin subunit isoforms designated Gy1-Gy5. The purpose of this study is to identify epitopes from selected glycinin subunits that are antigenic in pigs. RESULTS Twenty-seven out of 30 pigs had antibodies against glycinin in their sera. Ten of these sera had immunoglobulin G (IgG) against the Gy4 (A5A4B3) or Gy1 (A1aBx) subunit. Three sera recognised overlapping regions between the two subunits tested, though no serum stained both A5A4B3 and A1aBx. Two sera stained a highly conserved region between A5A4B3 and A1aBx, though again neither serum stained both peptides. The basic part of the A1aBx subunit was not recognised by any of the sera tested even though immunoblot data indicated that the basic and acidic subunits of glycinin are nearly equally antigenic. CONCLUSION Two antigenic regions of A5A4B3 and A1aBx were identified that bound antibodies in half of the sera that reacted with these two proteins. Half of the sera reacted with unique regions of A5A4B3 and A1aBx. The failure of the basic portion of A1aBx to bind pig antibodies may indicate that it is less antigenic than the basic portion of A5A4B3 and other glycinin subunits. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Taliercio, Earl] USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Kim, Sung Woo] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Taliercio, E (reprint author), USDA ARS, 3127 Ligon St, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM Earl.Taliercio@ars.usda.gov FU CRIS [6645-21000-028-00D] FX This work was supported by CRIS #6645-21000-028-00D. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. NR 18 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-5142 J9 J SCI FOOD AGR JI J. Sci. Food Agric. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 93 IS 12 BP 2927 EP 2932 DI 10.1002/jsfa.6113 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 200WC UT WOS:000323100600008 PM 23426933 ER PT J AU Bannantine, JP Li, LL Sreevatsan, S Kapur, V AF Bannantine, J. P. Li, L-L Sreevatsan, S. Kapur, V. TI How does a Mycobacterium change its spots? Applying molecular tools to track diverse strains of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis SO LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE epidemiology; genetic diversity; genomics; IS elements; Johne's disease; Mycobacterium avium subsp; paratuberculosis; SNP; SSR; VNTR ID FRAGMENT-LENGTH-POLYMORPHISM; SHORT-SEQUENCE-REPEAT; RESTRICTION ENDONUCLEASE ANALYSIS; FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; DNA HYBRIDIZATION; DEPENDENT MYCOBACTERIA; GENETIC DIVERSITY; CATTLE; IS900; IDENTIFICATION AB Defining genetic diversity in the wake of the release of several Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) genome sequences has become a major emphasis in the molecular biology and epidemiology of Johne's disease research. These data can now be used to define the extent of strain diversity on the farm. However, to perform these important tasks, researchers must have a way to distinguish the many MAP isolates/strains that are present in the environment or host to enable tracking over time. Recent studies have described genetic diversity of the Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), of which MAP is a member, through pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, single sequence repeats, variable-number tandem repeats, genome rearrangements, single nucleotide polymorphisms and genomewide comparisons to identify insertions and deletions. Combinations of these methods can now provide discrimination sufficient for dependable strain tracking. These molecular epidemiology techniques are being applied to understand transmission of Johne's disease within dairy cattle herds as well as identify which strains predominate in wildlife. C1 [Bannantine, J. P.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Li, L-L; Kapur, V.] Penn State Univ, Dept Vet Biomed Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Sreevatsan, S.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Vet Populat Med, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Bannantine, JP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, POB 70, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM john.bannantine@ars.usda.gov OI Bannantine, John/0000-0002-5692-7898; Sreevatsan, Srinand/0000-0002-5162-2403 FU USDA-Agricultural Research Service FX The authors declare no conflict of interest. JPB is funded by the USDA-Agricultural Research Service. NR 70 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 21 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0266-8254 J9 LETT APPL MICROBIOL JI Lett. Appl. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 57 IS 3 BP 165 EP 173 DI 10.1111/lam.12109 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 198WU UT WOS:000322954700001 PM 23721475 ER PT J AU Wang, TTY Schoene, NW Kim, EK Kim, YS AF Wang, Thomas T. Y. Schoene, Norberta W. Kim, Eun-Kyung Kim, Young S. TI Pleiotropic effects of the sirtuin inhibitor sirtinol involves concentration-dependent modulation of multiple nuclear receptor-mediated pathways in androgen-responsive prostate cancer cell LNCaP SO MOLECULAR CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article DE androgen; estrogen; insulin-like growth factor-1; xenobiotic metabolism; sirtinol; sirtuin ID SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; CYCLE ARREST; SIR2; P21(WAF1/CIP1); IDENTIFICATION; DEACETYLASES; RESVERATROL; PROGRESSION; ACTIVATION; SENESCENCE AB Sirtinol is a purported specific inhibitor of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent type III histone deacetylase (also known as sirtuin). Sirtinol has been used extensively to identify chemopreventive/chemotherapeutic agents that modulate the sirtuins. However, the molecular effect of sirtinol other than serving as sirtuin inhibitor in cells is less clear. The present study addressed this deficiency in the literature. Based on structural similarity with plant-derived cancer preventive/therapeutic compounds such as 3', 3'-diindolylmethane, resveratrol, and genistein, we hypothesized that sirtinol may act on pathways similar to that affected by these compounds in the human prostate cancer cell LNCaP. We found that treatment of LNCaP cells with sirtinol led to concentration-dependent effects on multiple pathways. Sirtinol inhibited LNCaP cell cycle and growth that was correlated with up-regulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A mRNA and protein levels. This effect of sirtinol may due in part to modulation of androgen, estrogen, and insulin-like growth factor-1 mediated pathways as sirtinol treatment led to inhibition of mRNA and protein expression of marker genes involved in these pathways. We also found sirtinol activates aryl hydrocarbon-dependent pathways in LNCaP cells. The effects of sirtinol were observed at 25 mu M, a concentration lower than Ki (38 mu M) for sirtuin activity. Based on these results we reasoned that sirtinol exerts pleiotropic effects in cells and that biological effects of sirtinol may not be due solely to inhibition of sirtuin. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Wang, Thomas T. Y.; Schoene, Norberta W.] ARS, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Kim, Eun-Kyung; Kim, Young S.] NCI, Nutr Sci Res Grp, Canc Prevent Div, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Wang, TTY (reprint author), ARS, Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 307C,Room 132, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. FU National Cancer Institute; [1235-51530-053-00D] FX We would like to thank Drs. Allison Yates and Joseph Urban for reviewing this manuscript. This work was supported by US appropriated funds to USDA project number 1235-51530-053-00D (TTYW, NWS) and the National Cancer Institute (E-KK, YSK). NR 30 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0899-1987 J9 MOL CARCINOGEN JI Mol. Carcinog. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 52 IS 9 BP 676 EP 685 DI 10.1002/mc.21906 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology GA 198FZ UT WOS:000322908900002 PM 22495798 ER PT J AU Bernacchi, CJ Bagley, JE Serbin, SP Ruiz-Vera, UM Rosenthal, DM Vanloocke, A AF Bernacchi, Carl J. Bagley, Justin E. Serbin, Shawn P. Ruiz-Vera, Ursula M. Rosenthal, David M. Vanloocke, Andy TI Modelling C-3 photosynthesis from the chloroplast to the ecosystem SO PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Review DE modeling; photosynthesis; scaling ID LIGHT-USE EFFICIENCY; AIR CO2 ENRICHMENT; PHOTOCHEMICAL REFLECTANCE INDEX; TEMPERATURE RESPONSE FUNCTIONS; DAILY CANOPY PHOTOSYNTHESIS; BIOCHEMICALLY BASED MODEL; ELEVATED ATMOSPHERIC CO2; RADIATION-USE EFFICIENCY; GROSS PRIMARY PRODUCTION; NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION AB Globally, photosynthesis accounts for the largest flux of CO2 from the atmosphere into ecosystems and is the driving process for terrestrial ecosystem function. The importance of accurate predictions of photosynthesis over a range of plant growth conditions led to the development of a C-3 photosynthesis model by Farquhar, von Caemmerer & Berry that has become increasingly important as society places greater pressures on vegetation. The photosynthesis model has played a major role in defining the path towards scientific understanding of photosynthetic carbon uptake and the role of photosynthesis on regulating the earth's climate and biogeochemical systems. In this review, we summarize the photosynthesis model, including its continued development and applications. We also review the implications these developments have on quantifying photosynthesis at a wide range of spatial and temporal scales, and discuss the model's role in determining photosynthetic responses to changes in environmental conditions. Finally, the review includes a discussion of the larger-scale modelling and remote-sensing applications that rely on the leaf photosynthesis model and are likely to open new scientific avenues to address the increasing challenges to plant productivity over the next century. C1 [Bernacchi, Carl J.; Rosenthal, David M.; Vanloocke, Andy] ARS, Global Change & Photosynth Res Unit, USDA, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Bernacchi, Carl J.; Ruiz-Vera, Ursula M.] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Bernacchi, Carl J.; Bagley, Justin E.] Univ Illinois, Inst Genom Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Serbin, Shawn P.] Univ Wisconsin, Forest & Wildlife Ecol Dept, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Bernacchi, CJ (reprint author), 193 ER Madigan Lab, 1201 W Gregory Dr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM bernacch@illinois.edu RI Rosenthal, David/C-9559-2012; Bagley, Justin/I-8019-2016; Serbin, Shawn/B-6392-2009 OI Rosenthal, David/0000-0002-4822-5861; Bagley, Justin/0000-0003-4534-431X; Serbin, Shawn/0000-0003-4136-8971 FU United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service FX The authors wish to acknowledge Russ Monson and one anonymous reviewer for constructive comments. This review was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. NR 193 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 13 U2 160 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0140-7791 J9 PLANT CELL ENVIRON JI Plant Cell Environ. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 36 IS 9 SI SI BP 1641 EP 1657 DI 10.1111/pce.12118 PG 17 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 195NI UT WOS:000322709300008 PM 23590343 ER PT J AU Boote, KJ Jones, JW White, JW Asseng, S Lizaso, JI AF Boote, Kenneth J. Jones, James W. White, Jeffrey W. Asseng, Senthold Lizaso, Jon I. TI Putting mechanisms into crop production models SO PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Review DE carbon dioxide; crop development; crop modeling; genotype by environment; leaf area growth; photosynthesis; process-based models; reproductive; temperature; transpiration ID MAIZE ZEA-MAYS; ATMOSPHERIC CO2 CONCENTRATION; ENRICHMENT FACE EXPERIMENT; CARBON-DIOXIDE ENRICHMENT; CANOPY ASSIMILATION MODEL; RECOMBINANT INBRED LINES; LEAF NITROGEN ECONOMY; ELEVATED CO2; SIMULATION-MODEL; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE AB Crop growth models dynamically simulate processes of C, N and water balance on daily or hourly time-steps to predict crop growth and development and at season-end, final yield. Their ability to integrate effects of genetics, environment and crop management have led to applications ranging from understanding gene function to predicting potential impacts of climate change. The history of crop models is reviewed briefly, and their level of mechanistic detail for assimilation and respiration, ranging from hourly leaf-to-canopy assimilation to daily radiation-use efficiency is discussed. Crop models have improved steadily over the past 30-40 years, but much work remains. Improvements are needed for the prediction of transpiration response to elevated CO2 and high temperature effects on phenology and reproductive fertility, and simulation of root growth and nutrient uptake under stressful edaphic conditions. Mechanistic improvements are needed to better connect crop growth to genetics and to soil fertility, soil waterlogging and pest damage. Because crop models integrate multiple processes and consider impacts of environment and management, they have excellent potential for linking research from genomics and allied disciplines to crop responses at the field scale, thus providing a valuable tool for deciphering genotype by environment by management effects. C1 [Boote, Kenneth J.] Univ Florida, Dept Agron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Jones, James W.; Asseng, Senthold] Univ Florida, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [White, Jeffrey W.] USDA ARS, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [Lizaso, Jon I.] Univ Politecn Madrid, Dept Prod Vegetal Fitotecnia, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. RP Boote, KJ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Agron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM kjboote@ufl.edu OI Boote, Kenneth/0000-0002-1358-5496 NR 186 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 16 U2 209 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0140-7791 J9 PLANT CELL ENVIRON JI Plant Cell Environ. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 36 IS 9 SI SI BP 1658 EP 1672 DI 10.1111/pce.12119 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 195NI UT WOS:000322709300009 PM 23600481 ER PT J AU Zhu, XG Wang, Y Ort, DR Long, SP AF Zhu, Xin-Guang Wang, Yu Ort, Donald R. Long, Stephen P. TI e-photosynthesis: a comprehensive dynamic mechanistic model of C3 photosynthesis: from light capture to sucrose synthesis SO PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Review DE ATPase; chlorophyll fluorescence quenching; cytochrome b(6)f; phenomics; photoprotection; photorespiration; Rubisco activase; Rubisco; systems biology; thioredoxin ID A FLUORESCENCE INDUCTION; CYTOCHROME B(6)F COMPLEX; MATHEMATICAL-MODEL; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; RUBISCO ACTIVASE; CARBON METABOLISM; PHOTOSYSTEM-II; RHODOPSEUDOMONAS-CAPSULATA; RHODOBACTER-SPHAEROIDES; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION AB Photosynthesis is arguably the most researched of all plant processes. A dynamic model of leaf photosynthesis that includes each discrete process from light capture to carbohydrate synthesis, e-photosynthesis, is described. It was developed by linking and extending our previous models of photosystem II (PSII) energy transfer and photosynthetic C-3 carbon metabolism to include electron transfer processes around photosystem I (PSI), ion transfer between the lumen and stroma, ATP synthesis and NADP reduction to provide a complete representation. Different regulatory processes linking the light and dark reactions are also included: Rubisco activation via Rubisco activase, pH and xanthophyll cycle-dependent non-photochemical quenching mechanisms, as well as the regulation of enzyme activities via the ferredoxin-theoredoxin system. Although many further feedback and feedforward controls undoubtedly exist, it is shown that e-photosynthesis effectively mimics the typical kinetics of leaf CO2 uptake, O-2 evolution, chlorophyll fluorescence emission, lumen and stromal pH, and membrane potential following perturbations in light, [CO2] and [O-2] observed in intact C-3 leaves. The model provides a framework for guiding engineering of improved photosynthetic efficiency, for evaluating multiple non-invasive measures used in emerging phenomics facilities, and for quantitative assessment of strengths and weaknesses within the understanding of photosynthesis as an integrated process. C1 [Zhu, Xin-Guang] Chinese Acad Sci, State Key Lab Hybrid Rice, Shanghai 200031, Peoples R China. [Zhu, Xin-Guang; Wang, Yu] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Biol Sci, CAS Key Lab Computat Biol, CAS MPG Partner Inst Computat Biol, Shanghai 200031, Peoples R China. [Zhu, Xin-Guang; Ort, Donald R.; Long, Stephen P.] Univ Illinois, Inst Genom Biol, Urbana, IL USA. [Zhu, Xin-Guang; Ort, Donald R.; Long, Stephen P.] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL USA. [Ort, Donald R.] USDA ARS, Global Change & Photosynthesis Res Unit, Inst Genom Biol 1406, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Zhu, XG (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, State Key Lab Hybrid Rice, Shanghai 200031, Peoples R China. EM zhuxinguang@picb.ac.cn RI Long, Stephen/A-2488-2008 OI Long, Stephen/0000-0002-8501-7164 FU National Center for Supercomputing Applications; US National Science Foundation [IBN 04-17126]; National Science Foundation of China [30970213]; Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [OPP1014417]; Young Talent Frontier Program of Shanghai Institutes for Biology Sciences/Chinese Academy of Sciences [09Y1C11501]; CAS FX This work is co-supported by the National Center for Supercomputing Applications, and the US National Science Foundation (IBN 04-17126), National Science Foundation of China (30970213), the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1014417) and the Young Talent Frontier Program of Shanghai Institutes for Biology Sciences/Chinese Academy of Sciences (09Y1C11501) and a CAS visiting professorship grant to DRO. We thank Tony Crofts, Colin Wraight and Govindjee for advice and inspiring discussions throughout this work. We thank Aleel K Grennan for proofreading the early version of the manuscript. NR 106 TC 30 Z9 33 U1 7 U2 181 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0140-7791 J9 PLANT CELL ENVIRON JI Plant Cell Environ. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 36 IS 9 SI SI BP 1711 EP 1727 DI 10.1111/pce.12025 PG 17 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 195NI UT WOS:000322709300013 PM 23072293 ER PT J AU Lanubile, A Logrieco, A Battilani, P Proctor, RH Marocco, A AF Lanubile, Alessandra Logrieco, Antonio Battilani, Paola Proctor, Robert H. Marocco, Adriano TI Transcriptional changes in developing maize kernels in response to fumonisin-producing and nonproducing strains of Fusarium verticillioides SO PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Microarray; 9-Lipoxygenase gene; fum1 mutant; Fusarium verticillioides; Zea mays ID GIBBERELLA-MONILIFORMIS; DEFENSE RESPONSE; GENE-CLUSTER; INCREASED RESISTANCE; DISEASE RESISTANCE; SALICYLIC-ACID; EAR ROT; BIOSYNTHESIS; PROTEIN; ARABIDOPSIS AB Fusarium verticillioides infects maize producing ear rot, yield loss and the accumulation of fumonisins. In the present study, a transcriptomic approach was employed to investigate the molecular aspects of the interaction of susceptible/resistant maize genotypes with fumonisin-producing/nonproducing strains of F. verticillioides over a time course of 4 days after inoculation. The fumonisin-nonproducing strain led transcription in susceptible maize kernels, starting from 48 h post inoculation, with a peak of differentially expressed genes at 72 h after inoculation. Pathogen attack altered the mRNA levels of approximately 1.0% of the total number of maize genes assayed, with 15% encoding proteins having potential functions in signal transduction mechanisms, and 9% in the category of transcription factors. These findings indicate that signalling and regulation pathways were prominent in the earlier phases of kernel colonization, inducing the following expression of defense genes. In the resistant maize genotype, the fum1 mutant of F. verticillioides, impaired in this polyketide synthase gene (PKS), provoked a delayed and weakened activation of defense and oxidative stress-related genes, compared to the wild-type strain. The inability to infect resistant kernels may be related to the lack of PKS activity and its association with the lipoxygenase pathway. Plant and fungal 9-lipoxygenases had greater expression after fum1 mutant inoculation, suggesting that PKS plays an indirect effect on pathogen colonization by interfering with the lipid mediated cross-talk between host and pathogen. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Lanubile, Alessandra; Marocco, Adriano] Univ Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Ist Agron Genet & Coltivaz Erbacee, I-29122 Piacenza, Italy. [Logrieco, Antonio] CNR, Ist Sci Prod Alimentari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Battilani, Paola] Univ Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Ist Entomol & Patol Vegetale, I-29122 Piacenza, Italy. [Proctor, Robert H.] USDA ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogen & Mycol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Lanubile, A (reprint author), Univ Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Ist Agron Genet & Coltivaz Erbacee, Via Emilia Parmense 84, I-29122 Piacenza, Italy. EM alessandra.lanubile@unicatt.it OI Lanubile, Alessandra/0000-0002-1868-4469; MAROCCO, Adriano/0000-0001-5378-5591; Logrieco, Antonio Francesco/0000-0002-8606-451X; Battilani, Paola/0000-0003-1287-1711 FU European Commission FX This work was supported by the FP7 Mycored Project of the European Commission. The authors thank Dr. Jamila Bernardi and Dr. Valentina Maschietto for their helpful contribution to inoculation experiments. NR 61 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 51 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0168-9452 J9 PLANT SCI JI Plant Sci. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 210 BP 183 EP 192 DI 10.1016/j.plantsci.2013.05.020 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 198NX UT WOS:000322930700018 PM 23849125 ER PT J AU de Souza, GA de Carvalho, JG Rutzke, M Albrecht, JC Guilherme, LRG Li, L AF de Souza, Guilherme Amaral de Carvalho, Janice Guedes Rutzke, Michael Albrecht, Julio Cesar Guimaraes Guilherme, Luiz Roberto Li, Li TI Evaluation of germplasm effect on Fe, Zn and Se content in wheat seedlings SO PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.); Iron; Zinc; Selenium; Mineral interaction ID GENOTYPIC VARIATION; MINERAL ELEMENTS; ZINC EFFICIENCY; HIGHER-PLANTS; WINTER-WHEAT; SELENIUM; IRON; COPPER; BIOFORTIFICATION; TRANSLOCATION AB Micronutrients are essential for human health and crucial for plant survival. The capacity of food crops in acquiring mineral nutrients affects plant growth and potentially the yield and nutrient content in edible tissues/organs. In this study, we selected 20 wheat (Triticum aestivum L) accessions and evaluated genotypic variations of the young seedlings in response to iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and selenium (Se) treatments. Wheat accessions exhibited different growth responses to these minerals and possessed various abilities to accumulate them. Wheat seedlings in general were less tolerable to excess of Fe and benefits from increased levels of Zn supply. They were sensitive to selenite and profited from selenate treatment at low dosages. Limited mineral interactions were observed between Fe or Zn with other nutrients. In contrast, selenate supply enhanced Fe, Zn, sulfur (S), molybdenum (Mo), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca) and manganese (Mn) content in wheat seedlings, supporting its beneficial role in promoting plant growth; Selenite supplement reduced Zn, S, Mo, Mg, Ca and Mn levels in the plants, consisting with its detrimental role in inhibiting seedling growth. Based on nutrient accumulation, plant growth, and mineral interaction, a number of accessions such as EMB 38 and BRS 264 appeared to be good lines for breeding wheat cultivars with better planthealth.and potential to accumulate essential micronutrients in edible grains. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [de Souza, Guilherme Amaral; Rutzke, Michael; Li, Li] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [de Souza, Guilherme Amaral; Li, Li] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [de Souza, Guilherme Amaral; de Carvalho, Janice Guedes; Guimaraes Guilherme, Luiz Roberto] Univ Fed Lavras, Dept Soil Sci, BR-37200000 Lavras, MG, Brazil. [Albrecht, Julio Cesar] Embrapa Cerrados CPAC, BR-73310970 Planaltina, DF, Brazil. RP Li, L (reprint author), Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM amaralufla@gmail.com; janicegc@ufla.dcs.br; mar9@cornell.edu; julio.albrecht@embrapa.br; guilherm@ufla.dcs.br; ll37@cornell.edu RI Guilherme, Luiz Roberto/B-3998-2009 OI Guilherme, Luiz Roberto/0000-0002-5387-6028 FU CNPq, Brazil; CAPES, Brazil; FAPEMIG, Brazil; USDA-ARS base fund FX G.A.S. is grateful to the CNPq, CAPES and FAPEMIG, all from Brazil, for financial support and scholarships. We thank Leon Kochian, Jon Hart, and Jon Shaff for their technical advice, and Embrapa CPAC for sending the wheat seeds. This work was partially supported by the USDA-ARS base fund. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 37 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 57 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0168-9452 J9 PLANT SCI JI Plant Sci. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 210 BP 206 EP 213 DI 10.1016/j.plantsci.2013.05.015 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 198NX UT WOS:000322930700020 PM 23849127 ER PT J AU Hiett, KL Rothrock, MJ Seal, BS AF Hiett, Kelli L. Rothrock, Michael J., Jr. Seal, Bruce S. TI Characterization of the Campylobacter jejuni cryptic plasmid pTIW94 recovered from wild birds in the southeastern United States SO PLASMID LA English DT Article DE Cryptic plasmid; Campylobacter spp.; Birds ID BLACK-HEADED GULLS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; PREVALENCE; SALMONELLA; PATHOGENS; POULTRY; IDENTIFICATION; HELICOBACTER AB The complete nucleotide sequence was determined for a cryptic plasmid, pTIW94, recovered from several Campylobacter jejuni isolates from wild birds in the southeastern United States. pTIW94 is a circular molecule of 3860 nucleotides, with a G + C content (31.0%) similar to that of many Campylobacter spp. genomes. A typical origin of replication, with iteron sequences, was identified upstream of DNA sequences that demonstrated similarity to replication initiation proteins. A total of five open reading frames (ORFs) were identified; two of the five ORFs demonstrated significant similarity to plasmid pCC2228-2 found within Campylobacter coil. These two ORFs were similar to essential replication proteins RepA (100%; 26/26 aa identity) and RepB (95%; 327/346 aa identity). A third identified ORF demonstrated significant similarity (99%; 421/424 aa identity) to the MOB protein from C coil 67-8, originally recovered from swine. The other two identified ORFs were either similar to hypothetical proteins from other Campylobacter spp., or exhibited no significant similarity to any DNA or protein sequence in the GenBank database. Promoter regions (-35 and -10 signal sites), ribosomal binding sites upstream of ORFs, and stem-loop structures were also identified within the plasmid. These results demonstrate that pTIW94 represents a previously un-reported small cryptic plasmid with unique sequences as well as highly similar sequences to other small plasmids found within Campylobacter spp., and that this cryptic plasmid is present among Campylobacter spp. recovered from different genera of wild birds. (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Hiett, Kelli L.; Seal, Bruce S.] ARS, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Rothrock, Michael J., Jr.] ARS, Poultry Proc & Swine Physiol Res Unit, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Hiett, KL (reprint author), ARS, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, USDA, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM kelli.hiett@ars.usda.gov FU Agricultural Research Service, USDA CRIS Project "Molecular Approaches for the Characterization Foodborne Pathogens in Poultry" [6612-32000-059] FX The authors would like to acknowledge the expert technical assistance of Ms. Marie Maier and Ms. Latoya Wiggins. These investigations were supported by the Agricultural Research Service, USDA CRIS Project "Molecular Approaches for the Characterization Foodborne Pathogens in Poultry" #6612-32000-059. NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0147-619X J9 PLASMID JI Plasmid PD SEP PY 2013 VL 70 IS 2 BP 268 EP 271 DI 10.1016/j.plasmid.2013.04.004 PG 4 WC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology SC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology GA 198NW UT WOS:000322930600012 PM 23639726 ER PT J AU Kremer, RJ Hezel, LF AF Kremer, Robert J. Hezel, Linda F. TI Soil quality improvement under an ecologically based farming system in northwest Missouri SO RENEWABLE AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE agroecosystems; ecosystem restoration; ecosystem services; microbial activity; organic farming; soil aggregate stability; soil enzymes; soil quality ID BETA-GLUCOSAMINIDASE ACTIVITY; ENZYME-ACTIVITIES; MANAGEMENT; INDICATORS; AGROECOSYSTEMS; FRAMEWORK; TILLAGE; HEALTH AB Ecologically based farming conserves and improves the soil resource and protects environmental quality by using organic or natural resources without the application of synthetic chemicals. Soil quality assessment indicates the ability of management systems to optimize soil productivity and to maintain its structural and biological integrity. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of ecologically based management on biochemical characteristics of soil [soil quality indicators (SQI)] as an assessment of soil quality. The study was conducted on an ecologically based farming enterprise established on gently sloping soils of Sharpsburg silt loam (fine montmorillonitic, mesic Typic Argiudolls) in Clay County, Missouri, which was previously under conventional corn and soybean production. The transition to organic farming began in 1995, which included a primary management strategy to restore soil organic matter consisting of the establishment of native prairie plants and the application of composted vegetative residues and litter from horse and laying hen operations. Soils were collected at 0-10 cm depths from sites under organic production (orchard and vegetable), managed prairie/pasture and from adjacent unmanaged fields during 2003-2008 for soil quality assessment. Soil organic carbon (SOC) and water-stable soil aggregates were considerably increased by up to 60 and 72%, respectively, in organic production sites compared with tilled cropland by the fifth year of assessment. Organically managed systems and restored prairie sites significantly increased (P<0.05) soil enzyme activities compared with unmanaged grass and tilled cropland. For example, dehydrogenase and glucosaminidase activities increased by 60 and 73%, respectively, under organic vegetables compared with tilled cropland. Soil enzyme activities were significantly correlated with SOC content (r values up to 0.90, P<0.001). The results of the soil quality assessment suggest that ecologically based management successfully restored biological activity of silt loam soils previously under intensive conventional agriculture. The system practiced at the study sites illustrates how resources internal to the farm (i.e., composts) can be used to manage soil productivity. C1 [Kremer, Robert J.] Univ Missouri, ARS, USDA, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Hezel, Linda F.] Prairie Birthday Farm, Kearney, MO 64060 USA. RP Kremer, RJ (reprint author), Univ Missouri, ARS, USDA, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM Bob.Kremer@ars.usda.gov FU Missouri Department of Agriculture; SARE Farmer/Rancher Project [FNC08-741] FX We appreciate the technical support provided by James Ortbals, Jenan Nichols, Nathan Means and Lynn Stanley; and assistance by many student workers over the years of this study (Sarah Lafrenz, Ashley Schlichenmayer, Luke St. Mary, Jennifer N. Smith and John Gardner). Maintenance and transition of the organic farming system was partially supported through a 2002 Sustainable Agriculture Demonstration Award from the Missouri Department of Agriculture, and a 2008 SARE Farmer/Rancher Project grant FNC08-741. Trade names are used for clarity and do not represent endorsement by USDA-ARS or the University of Missouri. NR 51 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 65 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1742-1705 J9 RENEW AGR FOOD SYST JI Renew. Agr. Food Syst. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 28 IS 3 BP 245 EP 254 DI 10.1017/S174217051200018X PG 10 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 198JY UT WOS:000322920200005 ER PT J AU Sassenrath, GF Schneider, JM Gaj, R Grzebisz, W Halloran, JM AF Sassenrath, G. F. Schneider, J. M. Gaj, R. Grzebisz, W. Halloran, J. M. TI Nitrogen balance as an indicator of environmental impact: Toward sustainable agricultural production SO RENEWABLE AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE agricultural production; gross annual nitrogen balance; agricultural sustainability; environmental indicators ID PRODUCTION-SYSTEMS; PRINCIPLES; COMPLEXITY; FUTURE AB Efficient nutrient use is critical to ensure economical crop production while minimizing the impact of excessive nutrient applications on the environment. Nitrogen (N) is a key component of agricultural production, both as an input to support crop production and as a waste product of livestock production. Increasing concern for future sustainability of agricultural production and preservation of the natural resource base has led to the development of nutrient budgets as indicators and policy instruments for nutrient management. Nutrient budgets for N have been developed by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) as agri-environmental indicators to compare the evolving conditions in member states, and are also used by the US Department of Agriculture Natural Resource Conservation Service (USDA-NRCS) to develop nutrient management plans. Here, we examine the crop and animal production systems, drivers impacting management choices, and the outcome of those choices to assess the utility of gross annual N balances in tracking the progress of management decisions in minimizing the environmental impact of agricultural production systems. We use as case studies two very different agronomic production systems: Mississippi, USA and Poland. State and country level data from the US Department of Agriculture and OECD databases are used to develop data for the years 1998-2008, and gross annual N balances are computed. Examination of agricultural production practices reveals that the gross annual N balance is a useful tool in identifying differences in the magnitude and trends in N within agricultural systems over large areas. Significant differences in the magnitude of the N budget were observed between the highly diversified, small-scale agriculture common to Poland, and the large-scale, intensive agriculture of Mississippi. It is noted that use of N balance indices can be problematic if the primary intent is to reveal the impact of economic drivers, such as crop prices, or management choices, such as tillage or crop rotation. Changes in cropping systems in response to commodity prices that improve N balance can be masked by detrimental growing conditions, including edaphic, biotic and weather conditions, that are outside of the producers' control. Moreover, use of large area-scale indices such as country or state-wide balances may mask the severity of localized nutrient imbalances that result from regionalized production systems that overwhelm the nutrient balance, such as confinement livestock production. Development of a policy to address environmental impact and establish sustainable production systems must consider the year-to-year variability of drivers impacting agricultural production, and the spatial heterogeneity of nutrient imbalance. C1 [Sassenrath, G. F.; Gaj, R.] ARS, USDA, Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Schneider, J. M.] ARS, USDA, Great Plains Agroclimate & Nat Resources Res Unit, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. [Grzebisz, W.] Poznan Univ Life Sci, Dept Agr Chem, Poznan, Poland. [Halloran, J. M.] Univ Maine, ARS, USDA, New England Plant Soil & Water Res Lab, Orono, ME 04469 USA. RP Sassenrath, GF (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, 141 Expt Stn Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM Gretchen.Sassenrath@ars.usda.gov FU Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development FX This research was funded in part by a fellowship to Dr Renata Gaj from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. We thank Ms Andrea McNeal and Mr Jason Corbitt for their extensive help with data collection and collation. We acknowledge the E-OBS dataset from the EU-FP6 project ENSEMBLES (http://ensembles-eu.metoffice.com) and the data providers in the ECA&D project (http://eca.knmi.nl). NR 52 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 56 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1742-1705 J9 RENEW AGR FOOD SYST JI Renew. Agr. Food Syst. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 28 IS 3 BP 276 EP 289 DI 10.1017/S1742170512000166 PG 14 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 198JY UT WOS:000322920200008 ER PT J AU Warziniack, T AF Warziniack, Travis TI The Effects of Water Scarcity and Natural Resources on Refugee Migration SO SOCIETY & NATURAL RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE civil war; conflict; migration; refugees; water scarcity ID CIVIL-WAR; FORCED MIGRATION; ARMED CONFLICT; CURSE; DEPENDENCE; ETHNICITY; DURATION AB We test the effect of water and natural resources on refugee migration. We show that water abundance decreases the number of refugees migrating out of a country and increases the number of refugees migrating into a county, all else equal. A large resource sector increases the likelihood of out-migration and decreases the likelihood of in-migration, giving support to a resource-conflict link. Opportunities in the resource sector lead to pooling of migrants into resource-dependent countries that are not at war. Expected migration is highest when the destination country has abundant water and a small resource sector. Expected migration is lowest when the source country has abundant water and a large resource sector. Characteristics of the destination country have larger impacts than characteristics of the source country, suggesting decisions are more about what the destination country has to offer than what the source country lacks. C1 US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Warziniack, T (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, 240 W Prospect Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM twwarziniack@fs.fed.us NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 21 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0894-1920 EI 1521-0723 J9 SOC NATUR RESOUR JI Soc. Nat. Resour. PD SEP 1 PY 2013 VL 26 IS 9 BP 1037 EP 1049 DI 10.1080/08941920.2013.779339 PG 13 WC Environmental Studies; Planning & Development; Sociology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public Administration; Sociology GA 196WT UT WOS:000322808800004 ER PT J AU Pessoa, CRM Pessoa, AFA Maia, LA Medeiros, RMT Colegate, SM Barros, SS Soares, MP Borges, AS Riet-Correa, F AF Pessoa, C. R. M. Pessoa, A. F. A. Maia, L. A. Medeiros, R. M. T. Colegate, S. M. Barros, S. S. Soares, M. P. Borges, A. S. Riet-Correa, F. TI Pulmonary and hepatic lesions caused by the dehydropyrrolizidine alkaloid-producing plants Crotalaria juncea and Crotalaria retusa in donkeys SO TOXICON LA English DT Article DE Clara cells; Crotalaria juncea; Crotalaria retusa; Donkey; Pneumotoxicity; Dehydropyrrolizidine alkaloids ID PYRROLIZIDINE ALKALOIDS; NORTHERN AUSTRALIA; HORSES; DISEASE; REGION; BIOPSY; LIVER; LUNG AB The effects and susceptibility of donkeys to Crotalaria juncea and Crotalaria retusa poisoning were determined at high and low doses. Seeds of C juncea containing 0.074% of dehydropyrrolizidine alkaloids (DHPAs) (isohemijunceines 0.05%, trichodesmine 0.016%, and junceine 0.008%) were administered to three donkeys at 0.3, 0.6 and 1 g/kg body weight (g/kg) daily for 365 days. No clinical signs were observed and, on liver and lung biopsies, the only lesion was a mild liver megalocytosis in the donkeys ingesting 0.6 and 1 g/kg/day. Two other donkeys that received daily doses of 3 and 5 g seed/kg showed initial respiratory signs 70 and 40 days after the start of the administration, respectively. The donkeys were euthanized following severe respiratory signs and the main lung lesions were proliferation of Clara cells and interstitial fibrosis. Three donkeys ingested seeds of C retusa containing 5.99% of monocrotaline at daily doses of 0.025, 0.05 and 0.1 g/kg for 365 days. No clinical signs were observed and, on liver and lung biopsies, the only lesion was moderate liver megalocytosis in each of the three donkeys. One donkey that received a single dose of 5 g/kg of C. retusa seeds and another that received 1 g/kg daily for 7 days both showed severe clinical signs and died with diffuse centrilobular liver necrosis. No lung lesions were observed. Another donkey that received a single dose of 2.5 g/kg of C retusa seeds showed no clinical signs. The hepatic and pneumotoxic effects observed are consistent with an etiology involving DHPAs. Furthermore, the occurrence of lung or liver lesions correlates with the type of DHPAs contained in the seeds. Similarly as has been reported for horses, the data herein suggest that in donkeys some DHPAs are metabolized in the liver causing liver disease, whereas others are metabolized in the lung by Clara cells causing lung disease. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Pessoa, C. R. M.; Pessoa, A. F. A.; Maia, L. A.; Medeiros, R. M. T.; Riet-Correa, F.] Fed Univ Campine Grande, Vet Hosp, BR-58700310 Patos de Minas, Paraiba, Brazil. [Colegate, S. M.] ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, USDA, Logan, UT 84341 USA. [Barros, S. S.; Soares, M. P.] Univ Fed Pelotas, Reg Diagnost Lab, BR-96010900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil. [Borges, A. S.] Univ Estadual Paulista UNESP, Coll Vet Med & Anim Sci, Dept Vet Clin Sci, BR-18618970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil. RP Riet-Correa, F (reprint author), Fed Univ Campine Grande, Vet Hosp, BR-58700310 Patos de Minas, Paraiba, Brazil. EM franklin.riet@pq.cnpq.br FU National Institute for Science and Technology for the Control of Plant Poisonings, CNPq [573534/2008-0] FX This work was supported by National Institute for Science and Technology for the Control of Plant Poisonings, CNPq, grant 573534/2008-0. NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0041-0101 J9 TOXICON JI Toxicon PD SEP 1 PY 2013 VL 71 BP 113 EP 120 DI 10.1016/j.toxicon.2013.05.007 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 188QH UT WOS:000322208100014 PM 23726858 ER PT J AU Gaskin, JF Hufbauer, RA Bogdanowicz, SM AF Gaskin, John F. Hufbauer, Ruth A. Bogdanowicz, Steven M. TI MICROSATELLITE MARKERS FOR RUSSIAN OLIVE (ELAEAGNUS ANGUSTIFOLIA; ELAEAGNACEAE) SO APPLICATIONS IN PLANT SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Elaeagnaceae; Elaeagnus angustifolia; population genetics; simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers AB Premise of the study: Microsatellite markers were developed for the plant species Elaeagnus angustifolia to assist in future investigations of genetic variability in its native and invasive ranges and the precise origins of the United States/Canada invasion. Methods and Results: Eleven polymorphic microsatellite markers were developed. The number of alleles observed for each locus ranged from three to 11. Conclusions: These microsatellites have sufficient potential variability to define population structure and origins of the Russian olive invasion. C1 [Gaskin, John F.] USDA ARS, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. [Hufbauer, Ruth A.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80626 USA. [Hufbauer, Ruth A.] Colorado State Univ, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80626 USA. [Bogdanowicz, Steven M.] Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Gaskin, JF (reprint author), USDA ARS, 1500 N Cent Ave, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. EM john.gaskin@ars.usda.gov NR 10 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 8 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA SN 2168-0450 J9 APPL PLANT SCI JI Appl. Plant Sci. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 1 IS 9 AR 1300013 DI 10.3732/apps.1300013 PG 3 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AQ1QY UT WOS:000342557300005 ER PT J AU Jennings, TN Knaus, BJ Alderman, K Hennon, PE D'Amore, DV Cronn, R AF Jennings, Tara N. Knaus, Brian J. Alderman, Katherine Hennon, Paul E. D'Amore, David V. Cronn, Richard TI MICROSATELLITE PRIMERS FOR THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST CONIFER CALLITROPSIS NOOTKATENSIS (CUPRESSACEAE) SO APPLICATIONS IN PLANT SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Callitropsis nootkatensis; Chamaecyparis nootkatensis; climate change; germplasm; Pacific Northwest; Nootkan cypress ID YELLOW-CEDAR AB Premise of the study: Microsatellite primers were developed for Nootka cypress (Callitropsis nootkatensis) to provide quantitative measures for gene conservation that can assist in guiding management decisions for a species experiencing climate-induced decline. Methods and Results: Using multiplexed massively parallel sequencing, we identified 136,785 microsatellite-containing sequences from 489,625 Illumina paired-end 80-bp reads. After stringent filtering, we selected 144 primer pairs and screened variation at these loci in five populations of C. nootkatensis. Loci show between three and 36 dinucleotide repeats per locus, with an average of 13. Screening of these markers in the Pacific Northwest relative Chamaecyparis lawsoniana demonstrated no marker transferability. This finding highlights the narrow taxonomic utility of microsatellite markers in Callitropsis. Conclusions: These microsatellites show high polymorphism and can be used for routine screening of natural variation in Callitropsis nootkatensis, and will be particularly helpful in identifying clones and inbred relatives at the stand-level. C1 [Jennings, Tara N.; Knaus, Brian J.; Alderman, Katherine; Cronn, Richard] USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Knaus, Brian J.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Hennon, Paul E.; D'Amore, David V.] USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Juneau, AK 99801 USA. RP Cronn, R (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM rcronn@fs.fed.us OI Cronn, Richard/0000-0001-5342-3494 FU U.S. Forest Service Forest Health and Protection Special Technology Development Program (STDP) [R10-2011-01]; Pacific Northwest Research Station FX The authors thank M. Dasenko and C. Sullivan for sequencing and computing support. We also thank B. Campbell, D. Wittwer, C. Scott, C. McKenzie, and J. Rausch for collection assistance, and S. Patterson and M. Schulz for project oversight. Funding was provided by the U.S. Forest Service Forest Health and Protection Special Technology Development Program (STDP; grant R10-2011-01) and the Pacific Northwest Research Station. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA SN 2168-0450 J9 APPL PLANT SCI JI Appl. Plant Sci. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 1 IS 9 AR 1300025 DI 10.3732/apps.1300025 PG 3 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AQ1QY UT WOS:000342557300008 ER PT J AU Nichols, MH Steven, JC Sargent, R Dille, P Schapiro, J AF Nichols, Mary H. Steven, Janet C. Sargent, Randy Dille, Paul Schapiro, Joshua TI VERY-HIGH-RESOLUTION TIME-LAPSE PHOTOGRAPHY FOR PLANT AND ECOSYSTEMS RESEARCH SO APPLICATIONS IN PLANT SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE digital photography; phenology; plant behavior; visualization ID DIGITAL REPEAT PHOTOGRAPHY; PHENOLOGY AB Premise of the study: Traditional photography is a compromise between image detail and area covered. We report a new method for creating time-lapse sequences of very-high-resolution photographs to produce zoomable images that facilitate observation across a range of spatial and temporal scales. Methods and Results: A robotic camera mount and software were used to capture images of the growth and movement in Brassica rapa every 15 s in the laboratory. The resultant time-lapse sequence (http://timemachine.gigapan.org/wiki/Plant_Growth) captures growth detail such as circumnutation. A modified, solar-powered system was deployed at a remote field site in southern Arizona. Images were collected every 2 h over a 3-mo period to capture the response of vegetation to monsoon season rainfall (http://timemachine.gigapan.org/wiki/Arizona_Grasslands). Conclusions: A technique for observing time sequences of both individual plant and ecosystem response at a range of spatial scales is available for use in the laboratory and in the field. C1 [Nichols, Mary H.] USDA ARS, Southwest Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Steven, Janet C.] Sweet Briar Coll, Dept Biol, Sweet Briar, VA 24595 USA. [Sargent, Randy; Dille, Paul; Schapiro, Joshua] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Inst Robot, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Nichols, MH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Southwest Watershed Res Ctr, 2000 East Allen Rd, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. EM mary.nichols@ars.usda.gov FU Fine Outreach for Science Fellows Program FX The authors thank B. Freniere and the field staff of the Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed field station whose assistance made this research possible. Funding was provided through the Fine Outreach for Science Fellows Program (http://www.cs.cmu.edu/similar to fofs/fofs.html). NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 9 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA SN 2168-0450 J9 APPL PLANT SCI JI Appl. Plant Sci. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 1 IS 9 AR 1300033 DI 10.3732/apps.1300033 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AQ1QY UT WOS:000342557300009 ER PT J AU Wadl, PA Hatmaker, EA Fussi, B Scheffler, BE Trigiano, RN AF Wadl, Phillip A. Hatmaker, E. Anne Fussi, Barbara Scheffler, Brian E. Trigiano, Robert N. TI ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MICROSATELLITE LOCI FOR CORNUS SANGUINEA (CORNACEAE) SO APPLICATIONS IN PLANT SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE bloodtwig dogwood; Cornaceae; Cornus sanguinea; population genetics ID CHLOROPLAST DNA VARIATION; POSTGLACIAL RECOLONIZATION; LIBRARIES; L. AB Premise of the study: To facilitate genetic and conservation research of Cornus sanguinea, microsatellite loci were isolated and 29 individuals from 11 German populations were genotyped. Methods and Results: Sixteen microsatellite loci were characterized from an enriched small insert genomic library. The number of alleles detected ranged from five to 11 per locus, observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.00 to 1.00, expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.65 to 0.90, and polymorphic information content ranged from 0.59 to 0.88. Conclusions: The markers described in the study will allow further investigation of population dynamics and the degree of clonal reproduction within populations of C. sanguinea C1 [Wadl, Phillip A.; Hatmaker, E. Anne; Trigiano, Robert N.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Fussi, Barbara] Bavarian Off Forest Seeding & Planting ASP, D-83317 Teisendorf, Germany. [Scheffler, Brian E.] USDA ARS, Genom & Bioinformat Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Wadl, PA (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, 205 Ellington Plant Sci Bldg,2431 Joe Johnson Dr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM pwadl@utk.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture [58-6404-7-213] FX This work was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture (grant no. 58-6404-7-213). Mention of products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the authors. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA SN 2168-0450 J9 APPL PLANT SCI JI Appl. Plant Sci. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 1 IS 9 AR 1300012 DI 10.3732/apps.1300012 PG 3 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AQ1QY UT WOS:000342557300004 ER PT J AU Azzi, A AF Azzi, Angelo TI Lipid metabolism, genes, and their regulation by natural compounds SO FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Azzi, Angelo] JM USDA HNRCA, Vasc Biol Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Azzi, Angelo] Tufts Univ, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM angelo.azzi@tufts.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0891-5849 EI 1873-4596 J9 FREE RADICAL BIO MED JI Free Radic. Biol. Med. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 65 SU 1 BP S12 EP S12 DI 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.08.130 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA V40JE UT WOS:000209474100031 ER PT J AU Hawkins, SA Jones, DR AF Hawkins, Samantha A. Jones, Deana R. TI Prediction modelling of storage time and quality measurements using visible-near infrared spectra of pasteurized shell eggs SO JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION LA English DT Article DE Chemometrics; Egg albumen; Storage time; Vis/NIR spectroscopy AB A 12 week study was conducted on the egg albumen from both pasteurized and non-pasteurized shell eggs using visible-near infrared spectroscopy. Prediction models of the chemical changes detected in the spectra to the measurement of Haugh units (measure of interior egg quality) were calculated using principal component regression analysis. Additionally, the study sought to determine how pasteurization affects both shelf life and egg quality. 84 dozen eggs were involved in this study, with 12 dozen eggs scanned initially and biweekly for the remainder of the study. Eggs were stored at 4 degrees C throughout the study. Haugh unit measurements were conducted followed by the visible/near infrared spectra of the albumen. The changes in the spectra over the 12 week period were very subtle and consisted mainly of an approximately 10 % decrease in transmission across the 400-1,200 nm range. The 400-550 nm region can be used to distinguish between the spectra of control eggs and pasteurized eggs. The results suggest that spectral data can be used to confirm and/or predict the storage time of eggs. The correlation coefficients of the spectra models for storage time are 0.97 and 0.98 for the control (untreated) and pasteurized eggs, respectively. Correlation values for predicting Haugh units from the spectra of the samples resulted in less useful predictive models in this study, especially for pasteurized samples. C1 [Hawkins, Samantha A.; Jones, Deana R.] ARS, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Hawkins, SA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM samantha.hawkins@ars.usda.gov NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1932-7587 EI 2193-4134 J9 J FOOD MEAS CHARACT JI J. Food Meas. Charact. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 7 IS 3 BP 101 EP 106 DI 10.1007/s11694-013-9144-5 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA V41BH UT WOS:000209521200001 ER PT J AU Poole, TL Suchodolski, JS Callaway, TR Farrow, RL Loneragan, GH Nisbet, DJ AF Poole, T. L. Suchodolski, J. S. Callaway, T. R. Farrow, R. L. Loneragan, G. H. Nisbet, D. J. TI The effect of chlortetracycline on faecal microbial populations in growing swine SO JOURNAL OF GLOBAL ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE LA English DT Article DE Swine; Pyrosequencing; Growth promotion; Faecal microbial diversity AB The effect of antimicrobial use on the gastrointestinal microbiota of food animals is of increasing concern as bacteria accumulate resistance to multiple antimicrobials. Only a small fraction of the gastrointestinal microbiome is culturable, complicating characterisation of the swine gastrointestinal ecosystem. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of a growth promotion dose (50 g/ton) of chlortetracycline on the phylogenetic diversity of bacteria from swine faeces using a culture-independent method. Four freshly weaned pigs were provided a grower ration of primarily corn (63.7%) and soybean meal (25.2%) for 21 days; on Day 21 for 4 weeks the diet of two pigs was medicated with 50 g/ton chlortetracycline. Faecal material was collected from each pig on Days 0, 14, 23, 28, 35, 42 and 49 for 454-pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. UniFrac analysis of pyrosequencing data showed no significant difference in bacterial diversity based on diet and among pigs (P>0.05) fed the low-level dose of chlortetracycline. The most abundant phyla in both treatment groups were Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria and Spirochaetes. Higher concentrations of chlortetracycline (e.g. 200 g/ton or 400 g/ton) may be required to observe a shift in the gastrointestinal flora in swine faeces compared with the low-level dose in this study. Studies of broader scope are needed to understand thoroughly how growth-promoting antimicrobials influence the gut microflora and benefit food animal growth efficiency. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Chemotherapy of Infection and Cancer. C1 [Poole, T. L.; Callaway, T. R.; Nisbet, D. J.] ARS, USDA, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Suchodolski, J. S.] Texas A&M Univ, Coll Vet Med, GI Lab, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Farrow, R. L.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Food & Anim Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Loneragan, G. H.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Int Ctr Food Ind Excellence, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. RP Poole, TL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, 2881 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM toni.poole@ars.usda.gov OI Suchodolski, Jan/0000-0002-2176-6932 FU US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service FX This work was funded by routine work of the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. NR 15 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 6 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 2213-7165 J9 J GLOB ANTIMICROB RE JI J. Glob. Antimicrob. Resist. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 1 IS 3 BP 171 EP 174 DI 10.1016/j.jgar.2013.04.004 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA V37RU UT WOS:000209293700009 PM 27873628 ER PT J AU Aoun, M Acevedo, M Elias, E Chao, S Xu, S Breiland, M AF Aoun, M. Acevedo, M. Elias, E. Chao, S. Xu, S. Breiland, M. TI Evaluation of Triticum durum germplasm collections for resistance to Puccinia triticina SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Aoun, M.; Acevedo, M.; Elias, E.; Breiland, M.] NDSU, Fargo, ND USA. [Chao, S.; Xu, S.] USDA, Fargo, ND USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD SEP PY 2013 VL 103 IS 9 SU 3 BP 3 EP 3 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V40KM UT WOS:000209477500007 ER PT J AU Funnell-Harris, DL Prom, LK Sattler, SE AF Funnell-Harris, D. L. Prom, L. K. Sattler, S. E. TI Response of near isogenic sorghum lines, differing at the P locus for plant color, to grain mold and head smut fungi SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Prom, L. K.] USDA ARS, Crop Germplasm Res Unit, College Stn, TX USA. [Funnell-Harris, D. L.; Sattler, S. E.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD SEP PY 2013 VL 103 IS 9 SU 3 BP 4 EP 5 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V40KM UT WOS:000209477500016 ER PT J AU Nepal, A Friesen, TL LeBoldus, JM AF Nepal, A. Friesen, T. L. LeBoldus, J. M. TI Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) mediated transformation of Septoria musiva SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Nepal, A.; LeBoldus, J. M.] N Dakota State Univ, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Friesen, T. L.] ARS, USDA, Fargo, ND USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD SEP PY 2013 VL 103 IS 9 SU 3 BP 8 EP 8 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V40KM UT WOS:000209477500034 ER PT J AU Pawlowski, ML Hill, CB Lygin, AV Zernova, OV Lozovaya, VV Hartman, GL AF Pawlowski, M. L. Hill, C. B. Lygin, A. V. Zernova, O. V. Lozovaya, V. V. Hartman, G. L. TI Non-native soybean phytoalexins: Potential use in controlling soybean pathogens SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hartman, G. L.] USDA ARS, Urbana, IL USA. [Pawlowski, M. L.; Hill, C. B.; Lygin, A. V.; Zernova, O. V.; Lozovaya, V. V.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD SEP PY 2013 VL 103 IS 9 SU 3 BP 8 EP 8 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V40KM UT WOS:000209477500036 ER PT J AU Peterson, G AF Peterson, G. TI Potential for the Magnaporthe oryzae Gray Leaf Spot turfgrass pathogen to infect wheat in the US SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Peterson, G.] USDA ARS, Foreign Disease Weed Sci Res Unit, Ft Detrick, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD SEP PY 2013 VL 103 IS 9 SU 3 BP 9 EP 9 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V40KM UT WOS:000209477500038 ER PT J AU Crosslin, JM AF Crosslin, J. M. TI Potato zebra chip disease: From ignorance to insight SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Crosslin, J. M.] USDA ARS, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD SEP PY 2013 VL 103 IS 9 SU 3 BP 13 EP 13 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V40KM UT WOS:000209477500056 ER PT J AU de Jensen, CE Rivera-Vargas, L Rodrigues, JV Mercado, W Frantz, G Mellinger, H Webster, C Adkins, S AF de Jensen, C. Estevez Rivera-Vargas, L. Rodrigues, J. V. Mercado, W. Frantz, G. Mellinger, H. Webster, C. Adkins, S. TI Tospoviruses a new threat to vegetable production in Puerto Rico SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Mercado, W.] Gargiulo Farms, Santa Isabel, PR USA. [Frantz, G.; Mellinger, H.] Glades Crop Care Inc, Jupiter, FL USA. [Webster, C.; Adkins, S.] USDA ARS, Ft Pierce, FL USA. [de Jensen, C. Estevez; Rivera-Vargas, L.; Rodrigues, J. V.] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD SEP PY 2013 VL 103 IS 9 SU 3 BP 14 EP 14 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V40KM UT WOS:000209477500058 ER PT J AU Jaime, R Foley, M Barker, G Liesner, L Antilla, L Bandyopadhyay, R Cotty, PJ AF Jaime, R. Foley, M. Barker, G. Liesner, L. Antilla, L. Bandyopadhyay, R. Cotty, P. J. TI Field performance in Arizona cotton crops of a biological control product made of Aspergillus flavus AF36 coated onto roasted milo SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Foley, M.; Liesner, L.; Antilla, L.] Arizona Cotton Res & Protect Council, Phoenix, AZ USA. [Bandyopadhyay, R.] Int Inst Trop Agr, Ibadan, Nigeria. [Jaime, R.; Barker, G.; Cotty, P. J.] Univ Arizona, Sch Plant Sci, USDA ARS, Tucson, AZ USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD SEP PY 2013 VL 103 IS 9 SU 3 BP 14 EP 15 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V40KM UT WOS:000209477500063 ER PT J AU Keith, LM Matsumoto, TK McQuate, GT AF Keith, L. M. Matsumoto, T. K. McQuate, G. T. TI Corky bark disease of langsat in Hawaii SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Keith, L. M.; Matsumoto, T. K.; McQuate, G. T.] USDA ARS, PBARC, Hilo, HI USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD SEP PY 2013 VL 103 IS 9 SU 3 BP 15 EP 15 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V40KM UT WOS:000209477500064 ER PT J AU Lee, RF Keremane, ML Ramadugu, C AF Lee, R. F. Keremane, M. L. Ramadugu, C. TI Doing more with less: Use of very young plants for biological indexing for graft transmissible pathogens of citrus SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Lee, R. F.; Keremane, M. L.] USDA ARS, NCGRCD, Riverside, CA USA. [Ramadugu, C.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD SEP PY 2013 VL 103 IS 9 SU 3 BP 15 EP 15 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V40KM UT WOS:000209477500066 ER PT J AU Rodrigues, JV Roda, AL Ciomperlik, M AF Rodrigues, J. V. Roda, A. L. Ciomperlik, M. TI Caribbean pathways for invasive pathogens: Perspective and actions from Puerto Rico SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Roda, A. L.] USDA, APHIS, PPQ, CPHST Miami Lab, Miami, FL USA. [Ciomperlik, M.] USDA, APHIS, PPQ, CPHST Miss Lab, Edinburg, TX USA. [Rodrigues, J. V.] Univ Puerto Rico, Ctr Excellence Quarantine & Invas Species, Crops & Agroenvironm Sci, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD SEP PY 2013 VL 103 IS 9 SU 3 BP 16 EP 17 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V40KM UT WOS:000209477500075 ER PT J AU Serrato-Diaz, LM Rivera-Vargas, LI Goenaga, R French-Monar, RD AF Serrato-Diaz, L. M. Rivera-Vargas, L. I. Goenaga, R. French-Monar, R. D. TI The Botryosphaeriaceae, a major player associated with tropical fruit diseases in Puerto Rico SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Serrato-Diaz, L. M.; French-Monar, R. D.] Texas A&M AgriLife Extens Serv, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Amarillo, TX USA. [Rivera-Vargas, L. I.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Crops & Agroenvironm Sci, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. [Goenaga, R.] USDA ARS, Trop Agr Res Stn, Mayaguez, PR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD SEP PY 2013 VL 103 IS 9 SU 3 BP 17 EP 17 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V40KM UT WOS:000209477500079 ER PT J AU Turini, TA McCreight, JD AF Turini, T. A. McCreight, J. D. TI Evaluation of relative susceptibility of lettuce varieties to Tomato spotted wilt virus and Fusarium wilt SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [McCreight, J. D.] USDA ARS, Salinas, CA USA. [Turini, T. A.] Calif State Univ Fresno, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD SEP PY 2013 VL 103 IS 9 SU 3 BP 18 EP 18 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V40KM UT WOS:000209477500081 ER PT J AU Affum, AO Berhow, MA Gyan, BA AF Affum, A. O. Berhow, M. A. Gyan, B. A. TI Rosmarinic acid content in antidiabetic aqueous extract of Ocimum canum Sims grown in Ghana SO PLANTA MEDICA LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Affum, A. O.] Ghana Atom Energy Commiss, Dept Chem, Natl Nucl Res Inst, Accra, Ghana. [Berhow, M. A.] USDA, Peoria, IL USA. [Gyan, B. A.] Univ Ghana, Immunol Dept, Noguchi Mem Inst Med Res, Accra, Ghana. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG PI STUTTGART PA RUDIGERSTR 14, D-70469 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0032-0943 EI 1439-0221 J9 PLANTA MED JI Planta Med. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 79 IS 13 MA PJ4 BP 1210 EP 1210 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Integrative & Complementary Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Integrative & Complementary Medicine GA V38JM UT WOS:000209339700414 ER PT J AU Kustova, TS Mamonov, LK Cantrell, CL Ross, SA AF Kustova, T. S. Mamonov, L. K. Cantrell, C. L. Ross, S. A. TI Screening of Kazakhstan plants useful in the treatment of diabetic foot syndrome SO PLANTA MEDICA LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kustova, T. S.] Al Farabi Kazakh Natl Univ, Fac Biol & Biotechnol, Alma Ata, Kazakhstan. [Mamonov, L. K.] Inst Plant Biol & Biotechnol, Alma Ata, Kazakhstan. [Cantrell, C. L.] ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, USDA, University, MS USA. [Ross, S. A.] Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, NCNPR, University, MS 38677 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG PI STUTTGART PA RUDIGERSTR 14, D-70469 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0032-0943 EI 1439-0221 J9 PLANTA MED JI Planta Med. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 79 IS 13 MA PN54 BP 1261 EP 1261 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Integrative & Complementary Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Integrative & Complementary Medicine GA V38JM UT WOS:000209339700603 ER PT J AU Yu, WW Schmid, CH Lichtenstein, AH Lau, J Trikalinos, TA AF Yu, Winifred W. Schmid, Christopher H. Lichtenstein, Alice H. Lau, Joseph Trikalinos, Thomas A. TI Empirical evaluation of meta-analytic approaches for nutrient and health outcome dose-response data SO RESEARCH SYNTHESIS METHODS LA English DT Article DE meta-analysis; dose-response data; evidence-based methodology; epidemiological data AB The objective of this study is to empirically compare alternative meta-analytic methods for combining dose-response data from epidemiological studies. We identified meta-analyses of epidemiological studies that analyzed the association between a single nutrient and a dichotomous outcome. For each topic, we performed meta-analyses of odds ratios with five approaches: using extreme exposure categories only, two-step approach (first calculated study-specific effects then combined across studies) using unadjusted data, two-step approach using adjusted data, one-step approach (analyzed all data in one regression model) using unadjusted data, and one-step approach using adjusted data. Meta-analyses including only extreme exposure categories gave consistently bigger effects and wider confidence intervals than meta-analyses using all data. Confidence intervals of effect sizes were generally wider in meta-analyses with the two-step approach, compared with the one-step approach. Meta-analyses using unadjusted data and adjusted data differed, with no consistent pattern of discordance in direction, statistical significance, or magnitude of effect. We discourage using meta-analysis approaches that only use data from extreme exposure categories. The one-step approach generally has higher precision than the two-step approach. Sensitivity analysis comparing results between meta-analyses of adjusted and unadjusted data may be useful in indicating the presence of confounding. Copyright (C) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Yu, Winifred W.; Lichtenstein, Alice H.; Lau, Joseph; Trikalinos, Thomas A.] Tufts Med Ctr, Tufts Evidence Based Practice Ctr, Inst Clin Res & Hlth Policy Studies, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Yu, Winifred W.; Lichtenstein, Alice H.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Cardiovasc Nutr Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Schmid, Christopher H.; Lau, Joseph] Tufts Med Ctr, Biostat Res Ctr, Inst Clin Res & Hlth Policy Studies, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Schmid, Christopher H.; Lau, Joseph; Trikalinos, Thomas A.] Brown Univ, Ctr Evidence Based Med, Program Publ Hlth, Providence, RI 02912 USA. RP Lichtenstein, AH (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM Alice.Lichtenstein@Tufts.edu FU NHLBI NIH HHS [T32 HL069772] NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1759-2879 EI 1759-2887 J9 RES SYNTH METHODS JI Res. Synth. Methods PD SEP PY 2013 VL 4 IS 3 BP 256 EP 268 DI 10.1002/jrsm.1084 PG 13 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA V38ZP UT WOS:000209381600005 PM 25379059 ER PT J AU Kendrick, SW Thompson, FR AF Kendrick, Sarah W. Thompson, Frank R., III TI Tree Stocking Affects Winter Bird Densities Across a Gradient of Savanna, Woodland, and Forest in the Missouri Ozarks SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE bird abundance; detection probability; distance sampling; forest; restoration; savanna; winter; woodland AB Savanna and woodland were historically prevalent in the midwestern United States, and managers throughout the area are currently attempting to restore these communities. Better knowledge of the responses of breeding and non-breeding birds to savanna and woodland restoration is needed to inform management. We surveyed abundance of winter resident birds across a gradient of tree stocking encompassed by savannas, woodlands, and non-managed forests in the Missouri Ozark Highlands, USA, and assessed the effect of stocking on bird densities. We conducted point counts at 560 locations along 42 transects on 10 sites across 2 winters between December and February, 2009-2011. We estimated detection probabilities and densities of birds using hierarchical, distance-based abundance models that incorporate covariates into estimation of both detection probabilities and densities. We fit models for 12 species with >49 detections and met model assumptions. Detection probabilities were affected by observer, temperature, wind speed, and stocking, and there was some level of support of the effects of stocking on the densities of all 12 species. Densities of black-capped plus Carolina chickadees (Poecile atricapillus, P. carolinensis), brown creeper (Certhia americana), golden-crowned kinglet (Regulus satrapa), and red-bellied woodpecker (Melanerpes carolinus) increased with stocking; whereas, densities of eastern bluebird (Sialia sialis), hairy woodpecker (Picoides villosus), and northern flicker (Colaptes auratus) were greatest at intermediate values of stocking. Although densities of 7 of the 12 species varied substantially across the range of stocking, all species used all 3 communities across a wide range of stocking. We provide winter densities of 12 of the most common overwintering bird species in the Missouri Ozarks; the relationships between their densities and stocking can be used to guide management where managers have bird-species-specific objectives. (C) 2013 The Wildlife Society. C1 [Kendrick, Sarah W.] Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Thompson, Frank R., III] Univ Missouri, USDA, US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Kendrick, SW (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, 302 Anheuser Busch Nat Resources Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM sarahwkendrick@gmail.com FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station FX Funding was provided by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. We thank S. Caird for fieldwork during both cold winters, J. Reidy for contributions to the study, and J. Faaborg and D. Kesler for their advice and comments on the study. We thank W. A. Cox for assistance with abundance models. We are grateful to the Missouri Department of Conservation, the Missouri Department of Natural Resources, and The Nature Conservancy for their collaboration on the study. NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1938-5463 J9 WILDLIFE SOC B JI Wildl. Soc. Bull. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 37 IS 3 BP 577 EP 584 DI 10.1002/wsb.286 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA V38IB UT WOS:000209336000015 ER PT J AU Lardner, B Adams, AAY Savidge, JA Rodda, GH Reed, RN Clark, CS AF Lardner, Bjoern Adams, Amy A. Yackel Savidge, Julie A. Rodda, Gordon H. Reed, Robert N. Clark, Craig S. TI Effectiveness of Bait Tubes for Brown Treesnake Control on Guam SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE bait station; Boiga irregularis; eradication; Guam; invasive; size selectivity; snake; toxicant AB In 2008, we studied simulated toxicant efficacy to control invasive brown treesnakes (Boiga irregularis) using bait tubes (elongate bait stations that reduce non-target bait take) in a 5-ha enclosure in Guam (U.S. Territory) with a known population of snakes. Instead of toxicants, we implanted radiotransmitters in small (6.6 +/- 1.4 g) and large (21.8 +/- 2.9 g) bait-mouse carcasses, offered from 2 types of bait tubes over a 3-month period. The known snake population allowed us to characterize not only the snakes taking bait, but also those evading our mock control effort. Tube design had no effect on take rate, but snout-vent length was a strong predictor of bait take: none of the 30 snakes < 843 mm in length took any bait, whereas 77 of the 126 snakes >= 843 mm in length took 164 baits. While medium-sized snakes preferentially ingested small bait (and the largest snakes tended to take large mice more frequently), some of the smallest snakes that took bait ingested large mice. Snake body condition was positively correlated to take rate, but snake sex had no discernible effect. Our data show that there is a relatively narrow size (and, thus, time) gap between the size at which the snakes become susceptible to bait-mouse take and the size at which they become sexually mature. This has implications for the timing of repeated baiting efforts, if the goal is eradication rather than suppression. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Lardner, Bjoern; Savidge, Julie A.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Adams, Amy A. Yackel; Rodda, Gordon H.; Reed, Robert N.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Clark, Craig S.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Barrigada, GU 96913 USA. RP Lardner, B (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM lardner@colostate.edu FU U.S. Department of the Interior's Office of Insular Affairs FX Field and lab assistance were provided by A. Hambrick, R. Hansen, T. Hinkle, S. Lubitz, S. Siers (who also coordinated the crew and provided Fig. 1), J. Stanford, and E. Wostl. Access to the field site was facilitated by the 36th Civil Engineer Squadron. P. Chapman provided statistical guidance; as did B. Cade, A. Douglas, W. Greene and T. Stanley. B. Halstead, L. Hansen, M. Peterson; and 2 anonymous reviewers commented on the manuscript. D. Vice (USDA-Wildlife Services) shared experiences on bait tubes. The U.S. Department of the Interior's Office of Insular Affairs provided financial support. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1938-5463 J9 WILDLIFE SOC B JI Wildl. Soc. Bull. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 37 IS 3 BP 664 EP 673 DI 10.1002/wsb.297 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA V38IB UT WOS:000209336000026 ER PT J AU Van Pelt, RS Gill, TE AF Van Pelt, R. Scott Gill, Thomas E. TI Introduction to the International Symposium on Erosion and Landscape Evolution special issue of Aeolian Research SO AEOLIAN RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Van Pelt, R. Scott] USDA ARS, Wind Eros & Water Conservat Res Unit, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Gill, Thomas E.] Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Geol Sci, El Paso, TX USA. RP Van Pelt, RS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Wind Eros & Water Conservat Res Unit, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM scott.vanpelt@ars.usda.gov; tegill@utep.edu OI Gill, Thomas E/0000-0001-9011-4105 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1875-9637 J9 AEOLIAN RES JI Aeolian Res. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 10 BP 1 EP 1 DI 10.1016/j.aeolia.2013.02.001 PG 1 WC Geography, Physical SC Physical Geography GA 190PE UT WOS:000322351900001 ER PT J AU Tatarko, J Sporcic, MA Skidmore, EL AF Tatarko, John Sporcic, Michael A. Skidmore, Edward L. TI A history of wind erosion prediction models in the United States Department of Agriculture prior to the Wind Erosion Prediction System SO AEOLIAN RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE Dust bowl; Wind erosion equation; WEQ; Wind erosion prediction system; Wind erosion models ID SOIL-EROSION; EQUIVALENT; DIRECTION; PROTECTION; SIMULATION; BARRIERS; CROP AB The Great Plains experienced an influx of settlers in the late 1850s-1900. Periodic drought was hard on both settlers and the soil and caused severe wind erosion. The period known as the Dirty Thirties, 1931-1939, produced many severe windstorms, and the resulting dusty sky over Washington, DC helped Hugh Hammond Bennett gain political support for the Soil Conservation Act of 1937 that started the USDA Soil Conservation Service (SCS). Austin W. Zingg and William S. Chepil began wind erosion studies at a USDA laboratory at Kansas State University in 1947. Neil P. Woodruff and Francis H. Siddoway published the first widely used model for wind erosion in 1965, called the Wind Erosion Equation (WEQ). The WEQ was solved using a series of charts and lookup tables. Subsequent improvements to WEQ included monthly magnitudes of the total wind, a computer version of WEQ programmed in FORTRAN, small-grain equivalents for range grasses, tillage systems, effects of residue management, crop row direction, cloddiness, monthly climate factors, and the weather. The SCS and the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) produced several computer versions of WEQ with the goal of standardizing and simplifying it for field personnel including a standalone version of WEQ was developed in the late 1990s using Microsoft Excel. Although WEQ was a great advancement to the science of prediction and control of wind erosion on cropland, it had many limitations that prevented its use on many lands throughout the United States and the world. In response to these limitations, the USDA developed a process-based model know as the Wind Erosion Prediction System (WEPS). The USDA Agricultural Research Service has taken the lead in developing science and technology for wind erosion prediction. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Tatarko, John; Skidmore, Edward L.] ARS, Engn & Wind Eros Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Sporcic, Michael A.] NRCS, USDA, Natl Technol Support Ctr, Ft Worth, TX 76115 USA. RP Tatarko, J (reprint author), ARS, Engn & Wind Eros Res Unit, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM john.Tatarko@ars.usda.gov; Mike.Sporcic@yahoo.com; skidmore@weru.ksu.edu NR 66 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 5 U2 51 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1875-9637 J9 AEOLIAN RES JI Aeolian Res. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 10 BP 3 EP 8 DI 10.1016/j.aeolia.2012.08.004 PG 6 WC Geography, Physical SC Physical Geography GA 190PE UT WOS:000322351900002 ER PT J AU Wagner, LE AF Wagner, Larry E. TI A history of Wind Erosion Prediction Models in the United States Department of Agriculture: The Wind Erosion Prediction System (WEPS) SO AEOLIAN RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE Wind erosion; Modeling; Climate generation; Wind erosion databases; Crop rotations; Wind erosion models ID AGGREGATE-SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; DRY-MATTER PRODUCTION; SOIL PROPERTIES; COLUMBIA PLATEAU; PHYSICAL-CHARACTERISTICS; RESIDUE DECOMPOSITION; VERTICAL-DISTRIBUTION; WINDBLOWN SEDIMENT; RANDOM ROUGHNESS; ORGANIC-MATTER AB Development of the Wind Erosion Prediction System (WEPS) was officially inaugurated in 1985 by United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) scientists in response to customer requests, particularly those coming from the USDA Soil Conservation Service (SCS), for improved wind erosion prediction technology. WEPS was conceived to address deficiencies in the then-20-year-old, predominately empirical Wind Erosion Equation (WEQ) widely used by SCS, and it sparked an endeavor that relied on novel laboratory wind tunnel research as well as extensive field studies to adequately uncover the physical relationships between surface properties and their susceptibility to and influence on wind erosion. The result is that WEPS incorporates many process-based features and other capabilities not available in any other wind erosion simulation model today. The USDA Natural Resource Conservation Service (NRCS) has now implemented WEPS as a replacement for WEQ within their agency. However, the road to achieve that replacement required years of close interaction between ARS and NRCS. NRCS had to ensure they had suitable national-scale WEPS databases before implementation. User input simplifications were required as well as modifications to the reports. Run-time concerns also arose during the lengthy testing and evaluation process. Many of these were strictly non-wind erosion science issues that had to be addressed before NRCS could officially implement and begin using WEPS within their agency. The history of the development of WEPS, its unique features and its solutions to selected critical issues encountered by NRCS prior to implementation are presented and discussed. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USDA ARS, Engn & Wind Eros Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Wagner, LE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Engn & Wind Eros Res Unit, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM Larry.Wagner@ars.usda.gov FU ARS; EPA FX Due to the total length of time necessary to develop WEPS and to implement WEPS by NRCS, the project could have easily been terminated by the ARS leaders. We thank ARS Administrators (Ed Knipling and Floyd Horn) for supporting WEPS through to completion as well as to the ARS National Program Leaders (Dick Amerman, Steve Rawlins, Mark Weltz and Charlie Walthall) for consistently supporting WEPS during its development and for helping to secure extra funding through ARS management. Thanks is also extended to the EPA for providing significant extramural funds for the necessary research to develop a PM10 prediction module for WEPS. Special recognition also goes to Will Blackburn (ARS Northern Plains Area Director) for his unwavering support of WEPS and for his special interest in achieving the implementation of WEPS within NRCS. This was exemplified by Will Blackburn's initial assistance in establishing the quarterly meetings with NRCS, specifically focused on addressing their WEPS concerns prior to implementation, and then in attending each of those meetings. NR 128 TC 14 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1875-9637 J9 AEOLIAN RES JI Aeolian Res. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 10 BP 9 EP 24 DI 10.1016/j.aeolia.2012.10.001 PG 16 WC Geography, Physical SC Physical Geography GA 190PE UT WOS:000322351900003 ER PT J AU Wagenbrenner, NS Germino, MJ Lamb, BK Robichaud, PR Foltz, RB AF Wagenbrenner, Natalie S. Germino, Matthew J. Lamb, Brian K. Robichaud, Peter R. Foltz, Randy B. TI Wind erosion from a sagebrush steppe burned by wildfire: Measurements of PM10 and total horizontal sediment flux SO AEOLIAN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Post-fire; Wind erosion; PM10; Dust; Horizontal sediment flux; Vertical flux ID COLUMBIA PLATEAU; AGRICULTURAL FIELD; DUST STORMS; SOIL; TRANSPORT; TILLAGE; DESERT; MATTER; FIRE; USA AB Wind erosion and aeolian transport processes are under studied compared to rainfall-induced erosion and sediment transport on burned landscapes. Post-fire wind erosion studies have predominantly focused on near-surface sediment transport and associated impacts such as on-site soil loss and site fertility. Downwind impacts, including air quality degradation and deposition of dust or contaminants, are also likely post-fire effects; however, quantitative field measurements of post-fire dust emissions are needed for assessment of these downwind risks. A wind erosion monitoring system was installed immediately following a desert sagebrush and grass wildfire in southeastern Idaho, USA to measure wind erosion from the burned landscape. This paper presents measurements of horizontal sediment flux and PM10 vertical flux from the burned area. We determined threshold wind speeds and corresponding threshold friction velocities to be 6.0 and 0.20 m s(-1), respectively, for the 4 months immediately following the fire and 10 and 0.55 m s(-1) for the following spring months. Several major wind erosion events were measured in the months following the July 2010 Jefferson Fire. The largest wind erosion event occurred in early September 2010 and produced 1495 kg m(-1) of horizontal sediment transport within the first 2 m above the soil surface, had a maximum PM10, vertical flux of 100 mg m(-2) s(-1), and generated a large dust plume that was visible in satellite imagery. The peak PM10 concentration measured on-site at a height of 2 m in the downwind portion of the burned area was 690 mg m(-3). Our results indicate that wildfire can convert a relatively stable landscape into one that is a major dust source. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Wagenbrenner, Natalie S.; Robichaud, Peter R.; Foltz, Randy B.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Germino, Matthew J.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Boise, ID 83706 USA. [Wagenbrenner, Natalie S.; Lamb, Brian K.] Washington State Univ, Lab Atmospher Res, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Wagenbrenner, NS (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 1221 South Main St, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. EM nwagenbrenner@fs.fed.us; germmatt@usgs.gov; blamb@wsu.edu; probichaud@fs.fed.us; rfoltz@fs.fed.us FU US Forest Service; US Bureau of Land Management; US Department of Defense; National Institute of Food and Agriculture, US Department of Agriculture [2008-38420-04761] FX We thank Ben Kopyscianski, Robert Brown, and Cassandra Byrne from the Rocky Mountain Research Station for assistance with installation and maintenance of field equipment and Amber Hoover from Idaho State University for help with data collection and laboratory analyses. We thank Brenton Sharratt from the Agricultural Research Service for reviewing an early version of this manuscript and two anonymous reviewers whose comments improved the quality and clarity of this paper. Funding for this project was provided by the US Forest Service, US Bureau of Land Management, US Department of Defense, and the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, US Department of Agriculture, under Agreement No. 2008-38420-04761. NR 38 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1875-9637 J9 AEOLIAN RES JI Aeolian Res. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 10 BP 25 EP 36 DI 10.1016/j.aeolia.2012.10.003 PG 12 WC Geography, Physical SC Physical Geography GA 190PE UT WOS:000322351900004 ER PT J AU Hagen, LJ Casada, ME AF Hagen, L. J. Casada, M. E. TI Effect of canopy leaf distribution on sand transport and abrasion energy SO AEOLIAN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Wind erosion; Plant damage; Plant abrasion; Sand discharge ID WIND-EROSION PROTECTION; SEEDLINGS; SURVIVAL; GROWTH; INJURY AB During times when crop canopies are short or sparse, wind erosion can uncover plant roots, deplete the soil resource, and damage plants by abrasion and desiccation. Few studies have considered the effects of position and number of leaves on sand transport and the distribution of the sand abrasion energy. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of number and distribution of leaves on threshold velocities, sand transport rates, and relative abrasion energy among simulated dicotyledonous plant canopies. Six canopies were tested in a wind tunnel with two levels of leaf area index (LAI), two different maximum leaf heights, and either two or four leaves per plant with maximum freestream wind speeds from 12 to 17 m s(-1). The leaf heights were selected to position the lowest leaves to be either intercepting saltating sand or largely above the saltation layer. The wind tunnel was a 1.52 W x 1.82 H x 15.3 L m push-type recirculating tunnel with the floor covered with a layer of sieved sand. Sand discharge and relative abrasion energy were measured during 3-min duration test runs. For canopies with two leaves, the experimental sand transport capacity was reduced most when the leaves were highest above the surface even though they were intercepting saltation when in their lowest positions. As expected, canopy LAI was directly related to threshold velocity and inversely related to sand transport capacity. Total abrasion energy impacting the target soil channel containers located vertically in the canopy increased with wind speeds above the threshold. Within canopies, high wind speeds increased height of maximum abrasion but often still caused less total abrasion per unit sand discharge than over a bare, sandy surface. When leaves were located nearest the surface, they modified the vertical abrasion profiles by deflecting a portion of the sand impact energy upward in the wind stream. Overall, the canopies modified both the profiles and normalized abrasion energy of the sand discharge when compared with a bare, sandy surface. Hence, it may be important to place test plants within a canopy of similar plants-to allow development of a fully developed velocity profile in the canopy by using a minimum upwind fetch of about 70 canopy heights in a wind tunnel-when conducting plant abrasion tests using sand to achieve results representative of plants in the interior of a field. In contrast, abrasion on inter-row flat soil containers was independent of wind speeds, but was higher without a canopy compared with measurements in the canopy for a given sand discharge. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Hagen, L. J.; Casada, M. E.] USDA ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Engn & Wind Eros Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Casada, ME (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Engn & Wind Eros Res Unit, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM hagen@weru.ksu.edu; mark.casada@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1875-9637 J9 AEOLIAN RES JI Aeolian Res. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 10 BP 37 EP 42 DI 10.1016/j.aeolia.2013.01.005 PG 6 WC Geography, Physical SC Physical Geography GA 190PE UT WOS:000322351900005 ER PT J AU Zobeck, TM Baddock, M Van Pelt, RS Tatarko, J Acosta-Martinez, V AF Zobeck, Ted M. Baddock, Matthew Van Pelt, R. Scott Tatarko, John Acosta-Martinez, Veronica TI Soil property effects on wind erosion of organic soils SO AEOLIAN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Wind erosion; Organic soils; Dust emissions; Air quality; Saltation ID PREDICTION SYSTEM; WEPS; VALIDATION; ABRASION; FIELDS AB Histosols (also known as organic soils, mucks, or peats) are soils that are dominated by organic matter (OM > 20%) in half or more of the upper 80 cm. Forty two states have a total of 21 million ha of Histosols in the United States. These soils, when intensively cropped, are subject to wind erosion resulting in loss of crop productivity and degradation of soil, air, and water quality. Estimating wind erosion on Histosols has been determined by USDA-Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) as a critical need for the Wind Erosion Prediction System (WEPS) model. WEPS has been developed to simulate wind erosion on agricultural land in the US, including soils with organic soil material surfaces. However, additional field measurements are needed to understand how soil properties vary among organic soils and to calibrate and validate estimates of wind erosion of organic soils using WEPS. Soil properties and sediment flux were measured in six soils with high organic contents located in Michigan and Florida, USA. Soil properties observed included organic matter content, particle density, dry mechanical stability, dry clod stability, wind erodible material, and geometric mean diameter of the surface aggregate distribution. A field portable wind tunnel was used to generate suspended sediment and dust from agricultural surfaces for soils ranging from 17% to 67% organic matter. The soils were tilled and rolled to provide a consolidated, friable surface. Dust emissions and saltation were measured using an isokinetic vertical slot sampler aspirated by a regulated suction source. Suspended dust was sampled using a Grimm optical particle size analyzer. Particle density of the saltation-sized material (>106 mu m) was inversely related to OM content and varied from 2.41 g cm(-3) for the soil with the lowest OM content to 1.61 g cm(-3) for the soil with highest OM content. Wind erodible material and the geometric mean diameter of the surface soil were inversely related to dry clod stability. The effect of soil properties on sediment flux varied among flux types. Saltation flux was adequately predicted with simple linear regression models. Dry mechanical stability was the best single soil property linearly related to saltation flux. Simple linear models with soil properties as independent variables were not well correlated with PM10 E values (mass flux). A second order polynomial equation with OM as the independent variable was found to be most highly correlated with PM10 E values. These results demonstrate that variations in sediment and dust emissions can be linked to soil properties using simple models based on one or more soil properties to estimate saltation mass flux and PM10 E values from organic and organic-rich soils. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Zobeck, Ted M.; Baddock, Matthew; Acosta-Martinez, Veronica] USDA ARS, Wind Eros & Water Conservat Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. [Van Pelt, R. Scott] USDA ARS, Wind Eros & Water Conservat Res Unit, Big Spring, TX USA. [Tatarko, John] USDA ARS, Engn & Wind Eros Res Unit, Manhattan, KS USA. [Baddock, Matthew] Griffith Univ, Griffith Sch Environm, Brisbane, Qld 4111, Australia. RP Zobeck, TM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Wind Eros & Water Conservat Res Unit, 3810 4th St, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. EM ted.zobeck@ars.usda.gov; m.baddock@griffith.edu.au; scott.vanpelt@ars.usda.gov; john.tatarko@ars.usda.gov; veronica.acosta-martinez@ars.usda.gov RI Baddock, Matthew/A-5739-2012 OI Baddock, Matthew/0000-0003-1490-7511 FU USDA-NRCS FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the technical support provided by technicians Dean Holder, Joseph Wolf, Taylor Ward, Travis Brock and visiting scientist of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongling Guo. The authors appreciate the support of state office and field office USDA-Natural Resources Conservation Service personnel in locating sites and financial assistance provided by USDA-NRCS. We are grateful for the generous assistance provided by Alan Wright, Associate Professor of Soil and Water Science and other staff at the University of Florida, Everglades Research & Education Center, Belle Glade, FL; and Jack Comstock, Research Leader, USDA-ARS Sugarcane Field Station, Canal Point, FL. Finally, we are indebted to the anonymous farmers who allowed us access to their fields. NR 37 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 52 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1875-9637 J9 AEOLIAN RES JI Aeolian Res. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 10 BP 43 EP 51 DI 10.1016/j.aeolia.2012.10.005 PG 9 WC Geography, Physical SC Physical Geography GA 190PE UT WOS:000322351900006 ER PT J AU Van Pelt, RS Baddock, MC Zobeck, TM Schlegel, AJ Vigil, MF Acosta-Martinez, V AF Van Pelt, R. Scott Baddock, Matthew C. Zobeck, Ted M. Schlegel, Alan J. Vigil, Merle F. Acosta-Martinez, Veronica TI Field wind tunnel testing of two silt loam soils on the North American Central High Plains SO AEOLIAN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Wind erosion; Cropping systems; Tillage; Crop rotations; Dust emissions; Air quality ID CORN STOVER; ORGANIC-CARBON; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; MATTER; COVER; DUST; CONSERVATION; QUALITY; EROSION; CLIMATE AB Wind erosion is a soil degrading process that threatens agricultural sustainability and environmental quality globally. Protecting the soil surface with cover crops and plant residues, practices common in no-till and reduced tillage cropping systems, are highly effective methods for shielding the soil surface from the erosive forces of wind and have been credited with beneficial increases of chemical and physical soil properties including soil organic matter, water holding capacity, and wet aggregate stability. Recently, advances in biofuel technology have made crop residues valuable feed stocks for ethanol production. Relatively little is known about cropping systems effects on intrinsic soil erodibility, the ability of the soil without a protective cover to resist the erosive force of wind. We tested the bare, uniformly disturbed, surface of long-term tillage and crop rotation research plots containing silt loam soils in western Kansas and eastern Colorado with a portable field wind tunnel. Total Suspended Particulate (TSP) were measured using glass fiber filters and respirable dust, PM10 and PM2.5, were measured using optical particle counters sampling the flow to the filters. The results were highly variable and TSP emission rates varied from less than 0.5 mg m(-2) s(-1) to greater than 16.1 mg m(-2) s(-1) but all the results indicated that cropping system history had no effect on intrinsic erodibility or dust emissions from the soil surfaces. We conclude that prior best management practices will not protect the soil from the erosive forces of wind if the protective mantle of crop residues is removed. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Van Pelt, R. Scott] USDA ARS, Wind Eros & Water Conservat Res Unit, Big Spring, TX 79720 USA. [Baddock, Matthew C.; Zobeck, Ted M.; Acosta-Martinez, Veronica] USDA ARS, Wind Eros & Water Conservat Res Unit, Lubbock, TX USA. [Baddock, Matthew C.] Griffith Univ, Griffith Sch Environm, Brisbane, Qld 4111, Australia. [Schlegel, Alan J.] Kansas State Univ, Southwest Extens & Res Ctr, Tribune, KS USA. [Vigil, Merle F.] USDA ARS, Cent Great Plains Res Stn, Akron, CO USA. RP Van Pelt, RS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Wind Eros & Water Conservat Res Unit, 302 W I-20, Big Spring, TX 79720 USA. EM scott.vanpelt@ars.usda.gov; m.baddock@griffith.edu.au; ted.zobeck@ars.usda.gov; schlegel@ksu.edu; merle.vigil@ars.usda.gov RI Baddock, Matthew/A-5739-2012 OI Baddock, Matthew/0000-0003-1490-7511 NR 32 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 45 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1875-9637 J9 AEOLIAN RES JI Aeolian Res. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 10 BP 53 EP 59 DI 10.1016/j.aeolia.2012.10.009 PG 7 WC Geography, Physical SC Physical Geography GA 190PE UT WOS:000322351900007 ER PT J AU Sainju, UM AF Sainju, Upendra M. TI Tillage, Cropping Sequence, and Nitrogen Fertilization Influence Dryland Soil Nitrogen SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID NORTHERN GREAT-PLAINS; NO-TILL; ORGANIC-CARBON; LIVESTOCK SYSTEMS; SPRING WHEAT; INTENSITY; AGROECOSYSTEMS; ECONOMICS; ROTATION; QUALITY AB Management practices can reduce N losses through N leaching and N2O emissions (a greenhouse gas) by increasing soil N storage. The effects of tillage, cropping sequence, and N fertilization rate were studied on N contents in dryland crop biomass, surface residue, and soil at the 0- to 120-cm depth, and estimated N balance from 2006 to 2011 in eastern Montana. Treatments were no-till continuous malt barley (Hordeum vulgaris L.) (NTCB), no-till malt barley-pea (Pisum sativum L.) (NTB-P), no-till malt barley-fallow (NTB-F), and conventional till malt barley-fallow (CTB-F), each with 0 to 120 kg N ha(-1). Biomass and surface residue N increased with increased N rate and were greater in NTB-P or NTCB than CTB-F and NTB-F in all years, except in 2006 and 2011. Soil total nitrogen (STN) at 0 to 60 cm decreased from 2006 to 2011 at 254 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1), regardless of treatments. At most depths, soil NH4-N content varied, but NO3-N content was greater in CTB-F than other cropping sequences. Estimated N balance was greater in NTB-P with 40 kg N ha(-1) than other treatments. No-till continuous cropping increased biomass and surface residue N, but conventional till crop-fallow increased soil available N. Because of increased soil N storage and reduced N requirement to malt barley, NTB-P with 40 kg N ha(-1) may reduce N loss due to leaching, volatilization, and denitrification compared to other treatments. C1 USDA ARS, Northern Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. RP Sainju, UM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Northern Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. EM upendra.sainju@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS GRACEnet Project FX I sincerely acknowledge the excellent support provided by Joy Barsotti, Christopher Russell, and Johnny Rieger, for plot layout, collection of soil and plant samples in the field, and analysis in the laboratory; and Mark Gaffri and Michael Johnson for managing the experimental plots that included tillage, fertilization, planting, herbicide and pesticide application, and harvest. I also acknowledge the USDA-ARS GRACEnet Project for providing part of the fund to conduct this experiment. NR 34 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 54 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 105 IS 5 BP 1253 EP 1263 DI 10.2134/agronj2013.0106 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 194HA UT WOS:000322620600001 ER PT J AU Evers, BJ Blanco-Canqui, H Staggenborg, SA Tatarko, J AF Evers, Byron J. Blanco-Canqui, Humberto Staggenborg, Scott A. Tatarko, John TI Dedicated Bioenergy Crop Impacts on Soil Wind Erodibility and Organic Carbon in Kansas SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID 1ST 2 YEARS; AGGREGATE STABILITY; RESIDUE REMOVAL; SWITCHGRASS; PERFORMANCE; SEQUESTRATION; PRODUCTIVITY; WINDBARRIERS; EROSION; YIELD AB Dedicated bioenergy crops such as perennial warm-season grasses (WSGs) may reduce soil erosion and improve soil properties while providing biomass feedstock for biofuel. We quantified impacts of perennial WSGs and row crops on soil wind erodibility parameters (erodible fraction, geometric mean diameter of dry aggregates, and aggregate stability) and soil organic carbon (SOC) concentration under a dedicated bioenergy crop experiment in eastern Kansas after 4 and 5 yr of management. Soil properties were measured under switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii L.), miscanthus (Miscanthus x giganteus), and annual row crops including continuous corn (Zea mays L.), photoperiod sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.], sweet sorghum, and grain sorghum. Perennial WSGs reduced wind erodible fraction by 1.08 to 1.16 times compared with row crops. The geometric mean diameter of dry aggregates under switchgrass and miscanthus was 2.8 to 4.5 times greater than under row crops. Dry soil aggregate stability under miscanthus and big bluestem was greater than under row crops. After 5 yr, differences in SOC concentration between WSGs and row crops were not statistically significant for the 0- to 15-cm depth. Photoperiod sensitive and sweet sorghum had greater biomass yield than WSGs. In 2011, miscanthus yielded more biomass than corn by 5.3 Mg ha(-1). Overall, growing dedicated bioenergy crops can reduce the soil's susceptibility to wind erosion but may not significantly increase SOC concentration in this region in the short term. C1 [Evers, Byron J.; Staggenborg, Scott A.] Kansas State Univ, Dep Agron, Throckmorton Plant Sci Ctr 2004, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Blanco-Canqui, Humberto] Univ Nebraska, Dep Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Tatarko, John] USDA ARS, Engn & Wind Eros Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Blanco-Canqui, H (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dep Agron & Hort, 261 Plant Sci Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM hblancocanqui2@unl.edu NR 28 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 76 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 105 IS 5 BP 1271 EP 1276 DI 10.2134/agronj2013.0072 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 194HA UT WOS:000322620600003 ER PT J AU Sanderson, MA Brink, G Stout, R Ruth, L AF Sanderson, Matt A. Brink, Geoffrey Stout, Robert Ruth, Leah TI Grass-Legume Proportions in Forage Seed Mixtures and Effects on Herbage Yield and Weed Abundance SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID KURA CLOVER-GRASS; NUTRITIVE-VALUE; BOTANICAL COMPOSITION; PASTURE COMMUNITIES; SPECIES EVENNESS; DIVERSITY; PRODUCTIVITY; INVASION; BIODIVERSITY; PERFORMANCE AB Formulating grass-legume mixtures requires knowledge of how the proportion of species in a seed mixture (i.e., species evenness) affects productivity and weed abundance. We hypothesized that mixtures with more equal proportions of species in the seed mixture (i.e., greater species evenness) would have greater productivity and fewer weeds than mixtures dominated by one or two species or monocultures. Two experiments with 15 mixtures and monocultures of orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.), quackgrass (Elytrigia repens L.), alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), and white clover (Trifolium repens L.) (Exp. 1) or 15 mixtures and monocultures of meadow fescue [Schedonorus pratensis (Huds.) P. Beauv.], reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L.), red clover (T. pratense L.), and kura clover (T. ambiguum L.) (Exp. 2) were sown in autumn 2008 at four locations in Pennsylvania and Wisconsin. In each experiment, there were four monocultures, four mixtures dominated by one species, six mixtures dominated by pairs of species, and one equal mixture. Mixtures and monocultures were harvested four to five times each year from 2009 to 2011. Mixtures often had more biomass than the average of legume or N-fertilized grass monocultures. Mixtures with more equal proportions of species in the seed mixture, however, did not have more biomass or fewer weeds than other mixtures. Rather, differences in yield were related to the dominant species in the mixture. Optimal legume percentages (30-40%) in the harvested biomass were achieved with a wide range of grass and legume seed proportions, which suggested that farmers have wide flexibility in formulating seed mixtures for pastures. C1 [Sanderson, Matt A.] USDA ARS, No Great Plains Res Lab, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. [Brink, Geoffrey] USDA ARS, Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Stout, Robert; Ruth, Leah] USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Sanderson, MA (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Great Plains Res Lab, POB 459, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. EM matt.sanderson@ars.usda.gov NR 43 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 6 U2 59 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 105 IS 5 BP 1289 EP 1297 DI 10.2134/agronj2013.0131 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 194HA UT WOS:000322620600006 ER PT J AU Reddy, KR Singh, SK Koti, S Kakani, VG Zhao, DL Gao, W Reddy, VR AF Reddy, K. Raja Singh, Shardendu K. Koti, Sailaja Kakani, V. G. Zhao, Duli Gao, Wei Reddy, V. R. TI Quantifying the Effects of Corn Growth and Physiological Responses to Ultraviolet-B Radiation for Modeling SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID STRATOSPHERIC OZONE DEPLETION; UNGUICULATA L. WALP.; UV-B; FIELD CONDITIONS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; HYPERSPECTRAL REFLECTANCE; INTRASPECIFIC VARIATION; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; GENE-EXPRESSION; PLANTS AB To understand the consequences of rising levels of ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation on corn (Zea mays L.), two experiments were conducted using sunlit growth chambers at a wide range of UV-B radiation levels. Corn hybrids, Terral-2100 and DKC 65-44, were grown in 2003 and 2008, respectively, at four UV-B levels (0, 5, 10, and 15 kJ m(-2) d(-1)) at 30/22 degrees C, from 4 d after emergence to 43 d under optimum nutrient and water conditions. Plant growth, development, and photosynthetic rates were measured regularly. An inverse relationship between many growth process and dosage of UV-B radiation was recorded. Shorter plants were due to shorter internodal lengths rather than fewer internodes and the total leaf area was less due to smaller leaves. Lower biomass under enhanced UV-B was closely related to smaller leaf area and lower photosynthesis. Critical UV-B limits, defined as 90% of optimum or control, were estimated from the UV-B response indices. The critical limits for stem extension and leaf area expansion were lower in both hybrids (1.7-3.5 kJ m(-2) d(-1)) than the critical limit for leaf number (>15 kJ m(-2) d(-1)) and photosynthetic processes, indicating that expansion or extension rates of organs were the more sensitive to UV-B radiation. Hybrid Terral-2100 exhibited greater sensitivity to UV-B radiation than DKC 65-44 for studied parameters. Thus, both current and projected UV-B radiation can adversely affect corn growth. The functional algorithms developed in this study could be useful to enhance the corn models to predict accurately field performance. C1 [Reddy, K. Raja] Mississippi State Univ, Dep Plant & Soil Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Singh, Shardendu K.; Reddy, V. R.] USDA ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Koti, Sailaja] RiceTec Inc, Alvin, TX 77512 USA. [Kakani, V. G.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dep Plant & Soil Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Zhao, Duli] USDA ARS, Sugarcane Field Stn, Canal Point, FL 33438 USA. [Gao, Wei] Colorado State Univ, USDA UV B Monitoring Network, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Reddy, KR (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dep Plant & Soil Sci, 117 Dorman Hall,Box 9555, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM krreddy@pss.msstate.edu RI Gao, Wei/O-1208-2013; Kakani, Vijaya Gopal/J-4214-2013; Gao, Wei/C-1430-2016; OI Kakani, Vijaya Gopal/0000-0002-7925-4809; Reddy, Kambham Raja/0000-0002-7906-7755 FU Colorado State University USDA-UVB Monitoring and Research Program, Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Department of Ecosystem Science Sustainability [NIFA-2011-34263-30654, G-1405-2] FX This research was in part funded by the Colorado State University USDA-UVB Monitoring and Research Program, Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Department of Ecosystem Science & Sustainability, USDA-NIFA-2011-34263-30654, G-1405-2. We also thank Mr. David Brand for technical support. This article is a contribution from the Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station, paper no. 12143. NR 62 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 24 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 105 IS 5 BP 1367 EP 1377 DI 10.2134/agronj2013.0113 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 194HA UT WOS:000322620600014 ER PT J AU Tobin, PC Turcotte, RM Snider, DA AF Tobin, Patrick C. Turcotte, Richard M. Snider, Daniel A. TI When one is not necessarily a lonely number: initial colonization dynamics of Adelges tsugae on eastern hemlock, Tsuga canadensis SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Biological invasions; Establishment; Hemlock woolly adelgid; Invasion dynamics ID BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; PROPAGULE PRESSURE; NORTH-AMERICA; UNITED-STATES; NEW-ENGLAND; ADELGIDAE; HOMOPTERA; DISPERSAL; SPREAD; STOCHASTICITY AB The ability to establish successfully in a new area can vary considerably among species. In addition to the well-recognized importance of propagule pressure in driving the rates of establishment of biological invaders, the life history strategy of a species can also affect establishment success, such as in the extent to which Allee effects (positive density-dependence), and environmental and demographic stochasticity manifest themselves. We quantified the establishment success of Adelges tsugae, a non-native insect currently invading North American hemlock. We inoculated eastern hemlock host trees with varying densities of this parthenogenetic insect, from 1 to > 500 progrediens ovisacs. The number of settled sistens (the subsequent generation) was positively related to the initial density. More interesting, however, was that we recorded successful establishment from released progrediens ovisacs, and the subsequent initiation of the next generation (sistens), in a parts per thousand 39 % of host trees inoculated with 1 ovisac. The observation that successful establishment can be accomplished by a single ovisac produced by a single individual has important implications in the invasion dynamics and management of A. tsugae. C1 [Tobin, Patrick C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Turcotte, Richard M.; Snider, Daniel A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Northeastern Area, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Tobin, PC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM ptobin@fs.fed.us NR 55 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 31 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 EI 1573-1464 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD SEP PY 2013 VL 15 IS 9 BP 1925 EP 1932 DI 10.1007/s10530-013-0421-3 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 193QP UT WOS:000322576600004 ER PT J AU Smith, MC Mack, RN AF Smith, Melissa C. Mack, Richard N. TI Shade tolerance of temperate Asian bamboos: a harbinger of their naturalization in Pacific Northwest coniferous forests? SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Temperate Asian bamboos; Light response curves; Post-immigration screening; Plant invasions ID WEED RISK-ASSESSMENT; MICROSTEGIUM-VIMINEUM POACEAE; DWARF BAMBOO; LIGHT ENVIRONMENT; ASSESSMENT SYSTEM; RESPONSE CURVES; SASA-SENANENSIS; PLANT INVADERS; INVASIVE GRASS; DYNAMICS AB Bamboos native to temperate East Asian coniferous forests arrive with increasing frequency in the United States as horticultural imports, and some are becoming naturalized locally. Given the strong floristic and physiognomic similarities between East Asian and western North American coniferous forests, we asked whether these introduced bamboos could tolerate the varied light regimes within coniferous forests in their new range. Seven temperate Asian bamboos and one North American bamboo (Arundinaria gigantea) were grown within shade structures in an experimental garden; these structures reduced ambient light to three light levels (50, 70, 90 % shade) that occur routinely within coniferous forests in the Pacific Northwest. Species' responses under these light levels were measured by their light response curves to photosynthesis, resource allocation to light or carbon harvesting centers inferred by CO2 response curves, and shifts amongst forms of leaf Chlorophyll. Bashania fargesii has lower chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rates under high shade (90 %) relative to other Asian species and to B. fargesii grown in 50 and 70 % shade. Bashania fargesii, Sasa kurilensis and A. gigantea also displayed lower photosynthetic rates under 90 % shade compared to plants grown in 50 and 70 % shade and lower electron transport capacity under 70 and 90 % shade compared to plants grown in 50 % shade. In contrast, Pleioblastus chino, Pleioblastus distichus, Pseudosasa japonica, Sasa palmata and Sasaella ramosa display strong tolerance of low light. Our results indicate these five Asian bamboos (and others yet to be introduced) could skirt a major environmental barrier to new species establishment in these North American forests. Measuring a species' light response curve offers a reliable, rapid means to assess an immigrant species' potential to tolerate forests' varied light regimes. C1 [Smith, Melissa C.] ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, USDA, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33312 USA. [Mack, Richard N.] Washington State Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Smith, MC (reprint author), ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, USDA, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33312 USA. EM melissa.smith@ars.usda.gov; rmack@wsu.edu FU USDA-APHIS FX We thank three anonymous reviewers for their insightful and helpful remarks. We thank several people for their invaluable assistance. The project was primarily funded by a contract from USDA-APHIS with the invaluable assistance of A. Tasker. We thank J. Bishop for the use of a LI-6400 gas exchange system during four field seasons. C. Cody, J. Ringwood and others aided with splitting rhizomes and plant care during winter. T. Almquist and B. Connolly assisted with erecting shade structures. L. Clark gave excellent insight into bamboo-specific morphology. G. E. Edwards and A. Cousins gave invaluable advice regarding interpreting physiological responses. NR 80 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 34 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD SEP PY 2013 VL 15 IS 9 BP 2081 EP 2093 DI 10.1007/s10530-013-0434-y PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 193QP UT WOS:000322576600016 ER PT J AU Koenig, WD Liebhold, AM Bonter, DN Hochachka, WM Dickinson, JL AF Koenig, Walter D. Liebhold, Andrew M. Bonter, David N. Hochachka, Wesley M. Dickinson, Janis L. TI Effects of the emerald ash borer invasion on four species of birds SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Citizen science; Emerald ash borer; Forest pests; Invasive species; Nuthatch; Woodpeckers ID APPARENT COMPETITION; PREY COMMUNITIES; CITIZEN SCIENCE; INVENTORY DATA; FISH INVASION; FEEDER COUNTS; WOODPECKERS; POPULATIONS; ABUNDANCE; FORESTS AB The emerald ash borer (EAB) Agrilus planipennis, first detected in 2002 in the vicinity of Detroit, Michigan, USA, is one of the most recent in a long list of introduced insect pests that have caused serious damage to North American forest trees, in this case ash trees in the genus Fraxinus. We used data from Project FeederWatch, a citizen science program focused on winter bird populations, to quantify the effects of EAB invasion on four species of resident, insectivorous birds known or likely to be EAB predators: three woodpecker species and the white-breasted nuthatch (Sitta canadensis). We compared relative numbers of birds within 50 km of the epicenter of the region where EAB was first detected, an area known to have suffered high ash tree mortality by 2008, to numbers 50-100 km from the epicenter and to control sites within 50 km of five comparable Midwestern cities where damage due to EAB has yet to be severe. We found evidence for significant effects on all four of the species in response to the EAB invasion in the highly impacted region, with red-bellied woodpeckers (Melanerpes carolinus) and white-breasted nuthatches showing numerical increases while downy woodpeckers (Picoides pubescens) and hairy woodpeckers (Picoides villosus) initially declined but exhibited at least temporary increases several years later. Temporal correlation analyses failed to provide support for immigration being a major cause of the elevated numbers in the highly impacted area, and thus these results are consistent with the hypothesis that increases were due to enhanced survival and/or reproduction associated with the EAB invasion within the highly impacted area. Results suggest that the continuing invasion of EAB into new areas is likely to significantly alter avian communities, although not always in ways that will be easy to predict. C1 [Koenig, Walter D.; Bonter, David N.; Hochachka, Wesley M.; Dickinson, Janis L.] Cornell Lab Ornithol, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. [Koenig, Walter D.] Cornell Univ, Dept Neurobiol & Behav, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Liebhold, Andrew M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Dickinson, Janis L.] Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Koenig, WD (reprint author), Cornell Lab Ornithol, 159 Sapsucker Woods Rd, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. EM wdk4@cornell.edu RI Liebhold, Andrew/C-1423-2008; Hochachka, Wesley/J-9768-2012; Bonter, David/H-1313-2013; OI Liebhold, Andrew/0000-0001-7427-6534; Hochachka, Wesley/0000-0002-0595-7827; Bonter, David/0000-0003-1768-1941; Koenig, Walter/0000-0001-6207-1427 FU NSF [IOS-0918944] FX We thank Project FeederWatch participants and donors for their continuing support and the reviewers for their comments. Incidental support came from NSF grant IOS-0918944 to WDK. Special thanks to Ben Zuckerberg for extracting the landcover data. NR 47 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 22 U2 165 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD SEP PY 2013 VL 15 IS 9 BP 2095 EP 2103 DI 10.1007/s10530-013-0435-x PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 193QP UT WOS:000322576600017 ER PT J AU Cleveland, BM Weber, GM AF Cleveland, Beth M. Weber, Gregory M. TI Effects of triploidy on growth and protein degradation in skeletal muscle during recovery from feed deprivation in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Atrogin-1; Compensatory growth; Fish; GeXP; Ploidy; Protein degradation ID IN-VITRO ASSESSMENT; COMPENSATORY GROWTH; OREOCHROMIS-MOSSAMBICUS; SARCOMERIC PROTEINS; SEXUAL-MATURATION; SEAWATER TRANSFER; UBIQUITIN LIGASE; SALMO-GAIRDNERI; POLYPLOID FISH; SOMATIC GROWTH AB Identifying physiological differences between diploid and triploid rainbow trout will help define how ploidy affects mechanisms that impact growth and nutrient utilization. Juvenile diploid and triploid female rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were either continually fed or fasted for one week, followed by four weeks of refeeding, and indices of growth and proteolysis-related gene expression in skeletal muscle were measured. Fasting reduced growth, and based on gene expression analysis, increased capacity for protein degradation. Regardless of feeding treatment, triploids displayed slightly greater feed intake and specific growth rates than diploids. Continually fed triploids displayed lower expression of several autophagy-related genes than diploids, suggesting that reduced rates of protein degradation contributed to their faster growth. Reduced expression of ubiquitin ligases fbxo32 and fbxo25 and autophagy-related genes during refeeding implicates reduced proteolysis in recovery growth. At one week of refeeding triploids exhibited greater gains in eviscerated body weight and length, whereas diploids exhibited greater gains in gastrointestinal tract weights. During refeeding two autophagy-related genes, atg4b and lc3b, decreased within one week to continually fed levels in the triploids, but in diploids overshot in expression at one and two weeks of refeeding then rebounding above continually fed levels by week four, suggesting a delayed return to basal levels of proteolysis. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Cleveland, Beth M.; Weber, Gregory M.] ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, USDA, Kearneysville, WV 25427 USA. RP Cleveland, BM (reprint author), 11861 Leetown Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM beth.cleveland@ars.usda.gov FU Agricultural Research Service Project [1930-31000-010-000D] FX The authors are grateful to Lisa Radler for her technical expertise during sample collection and analysis and to David Payne for his expertise during the execution of the study. In addition, we acknowledge the technical and animal caretaking contributions from Josh Kretzer, Jenea McGowan, and Kyle Jenkins. Mention of trade names is solely for the purpose of providing accurate information and should not imply product endorsement by the United States Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Funding for this study came from the Agricultural Research Service Project 1930-31000-010-000D. NR 55 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 34 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1095-6433 J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS A JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A-Mol. Integr. Physiol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 166 IS 1 BP 128 EP 137 DI 10.1016/j.cbpa.2013.05.017 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology GA 195HP UT WOS:000322693200016 PM 23707888 ER PT J AU Chen, MS Davis, J Tang, HZ Ownby, C Gao, W AF Chen, Maosi Davis, John Tang, Hongzhao Ownby, Carolyn Gao, Wei TI The calibration methods for Multi-Filter Rotating Shadowband Radiometer: a review SO FRONTIERS OF EARTH SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE Multi-Filter Rotating Shadowband Radiometer (MFRSR); calibration; review ID COLUMNAR WATER-VAPOR; ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION MEASUREMENT; ULTRAVIOLET-B RADIATION; SOLAR SPECTRAL IRRADIANCE; GROUND-BASED MEASUREMENTS; AEROSOL OPTICAL DEPTH; SUN PHOTOMETER; ABSORPTION-BAND; LANGLEY METHOD; UNITED-STATES AB The continuous, over two-decade data record from the Multi-Filter Rotating Shadowband Radiometer (MFRSR) is ideal for climate research which requires timely and accurate information of important atmospheric components such as gases, aerosols, and clouds. Except for parameters derived from MFRSR measurement ratios, which are not impacted by calibration error, most applications require accurate calibration factor(s), angular correction, and spectral response function(s) from calibration. Although a laboratory lamp (or reference) calibration can provide all the information needed to convert the instrument readings to actual radiation, in situ calibration methods are implemented routinely (daily) to fill the gaps between lamp calibrations. In this paper, the basic structure and the data collection and pretreatment of the MFRSR are described. The laboratory lamp calibration and its limitations are summarized. The cloud screening algorithms for MFRSR data are presented. The in situ calibration methods, the standard Langley method and its variants, the ratio-Langley method, the general method, Alexandrov's comprehensive method, and Chen's multi-channel method, are outlined. The reason that all these methods do not fit for all situations is that they assume some properties, such as aerosol optical depth (AOD), total optical depth (TOD), precipitable water vapor (PWV), effective size of aerosol particles, or angstrom coefficient, are invariant over time. These properties are not universal and some of them rarely happen. In practice, daily calibration factors derived from these methods should be smoothed to restrain error. C1 [Chen, Maosi; Davis, John; Tang, Hongzhao; Ownby, Carolyn; Gao, Wei] Colorado State Univ, USDA UV B Monitoring & Res Program, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Gao, Wei] Colorado State Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Sustainabil, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Chen, MS (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, USDA UV B Monitoring & Res Program, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM chenms@uvb.nrel.colostate.edu RI Gao, Wei/O-1208-2013; Gao, Wei/C-1430-2016; Chen, Maosi/E-8230-2016 FU USDA UVB Monitoring and Research Program under USDA NIFA project [2011-34263-30654] FX This work is supported by USDA UVB Monitoring and Research Program under Grant No. USDA NIFA project (2011-34263-30654). NR 92 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 46 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 2095-0195 J9 FRONT EARTH SCI-PRC JI Front. Earth Sci. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 7 IS 3 BP 257 EP 270 DI 10.1007/s11707-013-0368-9 PG 14 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 191CU UT WOS:000322391000001 ER PT J AU Mcgee, RJ Nelson, H McPhee, KE AF McGee, Rebecca J. Nelson, Howard McPhee, Kevin E. TI Registration of 'Lynx' Winter Pea SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID FEED PEA AB 'Lynx' (Reg. No. CV-28, PI 666111) pea (Pisum sativum L.)-developed by the USDA-ARS Grain Legume Genetics and Physiology Research Unit in cooperation with the Washington Agriculture Research Center, Pullman, WA, and Central Washington Grain Growers, Wilbur, WA-was released in 2012 as an upright, semi-leafless, autumn-sown, cold-hardy pea cultivar. Lynx was developed with a modified bulk pedigree breeding system. It was identified as an F 7 selection from the cross PS9530174/PS9530726 (Cross no. X98P103) and evaluated as PS05300180W. Lynx was evaluated in autumn-sown yield trials for a total of 21 location-years in Washington. Across all locations, the grain yield of Lynx averaged 3248 kg ha(-1), and the plants reached maturity in approximately 298 d. Lynx has short internodes, white unpigmented flowers, and seeds with green cotyledons and a clear seed coat. The average 100-seed weight is 12.2 g. Lynx will be integrated as a rotational crop in the winter grain/summer fallow farming systems in North Central Washington. It is anticipated that the end use will be as a component in wildlife forage plots. C1 [McGee, Rebecca J.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Grain Legume Genet & Physiol Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Nelson, Howard] Cent Washington Grain Growers, Wilbur, WA 98858 USA. [McPhee, Kevin E.] N Dakota State Univ, Dep Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. RP Mcgee, RJ (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Grain Legume Genet & Physiol Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM rebecca.mcgee@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS; USA Dry Pea and Lentil Council FX Lynx was developed with financial support from the USDA-ARS and the USA Dry Pea and Lentil Council. The authors thank the pulse breeding crew of the USDA-ARS Grain Legume Genetics and Physiology Research Unit, Pullman WA for their technical assistance in the development of Lynx. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 8 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 7 IS 3 BP 261 EP 264 DI 10.3198/jpr2012.09.0040crc PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 192WK UT WOS:000322518100001 ER PT J AU Comstock, JC Glaz, B Edme, SJ Davidson, RW Gilbert, RA Glynn, NC Zhao, DL Sood, S Miller, JD Tai, PYP AF Comstock, Jack C. Glaz, Barry Edme, Serge J. Davidson, R. Wayne Gilbert, Robert A. Glynn, Neil C. Zhao, Duli Sood, Sushma Miller, Jimmy D. Tai, Peter Y. P. TI Registration of 'CP 04-1566' Sugarcane SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID RUST AB 'CP 04-1566' (Reg. No. CV-152, PI 667622) sugarcane (a complex hybrid of Saccharum spp.) was developed through cooperative research conducted by the USDA-ARS, the University of Florida, and the Florida Sugar Cane League, Inc., and was released to growers in Florida on 30 Sept. 2011. CP 04-1566 was selected from the cross X01-0246 ('CP 89-2377' x 'CP 96-1252') made at Canal Point on 29 Nov. 2001. Both parents were released for commercial production: CP 89-2377 for organic (muck) soils and CP 96-1252 for both muck and sand soils. CP 04-1566 was tested in stage 4 on sand soils in Florida because of its superior yields on sand soils in stage 3. CP 04-1566 was released for sand soils because of its resistance to all the major diseases in Florida: brown rust (caused by Puccinia melanocephala H. & P. Sydow) even though it does not contain the gene for brown rust resistance (Bru1), orange rust (caused by P. kuehnii E. J. Butler), Sugarcane mosaic virus strain E (mosaic), smut (caused by Ustilago scitaminea H. & P. Sydow), and ratoon stunt (caused by Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli Evtushenko et al.), and it is resistant to leaf scald (caused by Xanthomonas albilineans Ashby, Dowson), in Florida. CP 041566 has a cane yield and commercial recoverable sucrose (CRS) equal to those of the commercial check, 'CP 78-1628'. CP 04-1566 is susceptible to Sugarcane yellow leaf virus and had moderate to poor tolerance to freezes on the basis of its rank in regard to CRS in 2010-11 and 2011-12 at the University of Florida Hague Farm, near Gainesville, FL.. C1 [Comstock, Jack C.; Glaz, Barry; Edme, Serge J.; Glynn, Neil C.; Zhao, Duli; Sood, Sushma; Miller, Jimmy D.; Tai, Peter Y. P.] USDA ARS, Sugarcane Field Stn, Canal Point, FL 33438 USA. [Davidson, R. Wayne] Florida Sugar Cane League Inc, Clewiston, FL 33440 USA. [Gilbert, Robert A.] Univ Florida, Everglades Res & Educ Ctr, Belle Glade, FL 33430 USA. RP Glaz, B (reprint author), USDA ARS, Sugarcane Field Stn, 12990 US Highway 441 N, Canal Point, FL 33438 USA. EM Barry.Glaz@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 7 IS 3 BP 273 EP 279 DI 10.3198/jpr2012.10.0043crc PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 192WK UT WOS:000322518100004 ER PT J AU Glaz, B Edme, SJ Davidson, RW Gilbert, RA Glynn, NC Zhao, DL Comstock, JC Sood, S Miller, JD Tai, PYP AF Glaz, Barry Edme, Serge J. Davidson, R. Wayne Gilbert, Robert A. Glynn, Neil C. Zhao, Duli Comstock, Jack C. Sood, Sushma Miller, Jimmy D. Tai, Peter Y. P. TI Registration of 'CP 04-1844' Sugarcane SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID BROWN RUST RESISTANCE; GENE; CULTIVARS AB 'CP 04-1844' (Reg. No. CV-153, PI 664935) sugarcane (a complex hybrid of Saccharum spp.) was developed through cooperative research conducted by the USDA-ARS, the University of Florida, and the Florida Sugar Cane League, Inc., and was released in Florida on 20 Sept. 2011. CP 04-1844 was selected from the cross X01-0336 (CP 97-1989 x CP 84-1198) made at Canal Point, FL on 5 Dec. 2001. The female parent, CP 97-1989, was a high-tonnage cultivar released for sand soils in Florida but was not grown extensively because it became susceptible to brown rust (caused by Puccinia melanocephala H. & P. Sydow) after its release. The male parent, CP 84-1198, is a cultivar with moderate tonnage and sucrose levels that peaked at 5.1% of the commercial acreage in Florida and is still grown commercially. CP 04-1844 was tested in the final selection stage (stage 4) on sand soils in Florida and was released because of its high cane and sucrose yields and acceptable commercial recoverable sucrose on these soils, as well as for its resistance to brown rust, orange rust (caused by Puccinia kuehnii E. J. Butler), and smut (caused by Ustilago scitaminea H. & P. Sydow) and its moderate resistance to Sugarcane mosaic virus strain E (mosaic) and ratoon stunt (caused by Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli Evtushenko et al.) in Florida. CP 04-1844 is susceptible to leaf scald (caused by Xanthomonas albilineans Ashby, Dowson) and Sugarcane yellow leaf virus. The freeze tolerance of CP 04-1844 was at least equal to that of cultivar CP 89-2143 during 2 yr of testing. CP 89-2143 is considered to have acceptable freeze tolerance for Florida. C1 [Glaz, Barry; Edme, Serge J.; Glynn, Neil C.; Zhao, Duli; Comstock, Jack C.; Sood, Sushma; Miller, Jimmy D.; Tai, Peter Y. P.] USDA ARS, Sugarcane Field Stn, Canal Point, FL 33438 USA. [Davidson, R. Wayne] Florida Sugar Cane League Inc, Clewiston, FL 33440 USA. [Gilbert, Robert A.] Univ Florida, Everglades Res & Educ Ctr, Belle Glade, FL 33430 USA. RP Glaz, B (reprint author), USDA ARS, Sugarcane Field Stn, 12990 US Highway 441 N, Canal Point, FL 33438 USA. EM Barry.Glaz@ars.usda.gov NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 7 IS 3 BP 280 EP 287 DI 10.3198/jpr2012.12.0056crc PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 192WK UT WOS:000322518100005 ER PT J AU Edme, SJ Davidson, RW Gilbert, RA Glynn, NC Zhao, DL Comstock, JC Glaz, B Sood, S Miller, JD Tai, PYP AF Edme, Serge J. Davidson, R. Wayne Gilbert, Robert A. Glynn, Neil C. Zhao, Duli Comstock, Jack C. Glaz, Barry Sood, Sushma Miller, Jimmy D. Tai, Peter Y. P. TI Registration of 'CP 04-1935' Sugarcane SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article AB 'CP 04-1935' (Reg. No. CV-154, PI 667660) sugarcane (a complex hybrid of Saccharum spp.) was developed through cooperative research conducted by the USDA-ARS, the University of Florida, and the Florida Sugar Cane League and was released to growers in Florida on 20 Sept. 2011. CP 04-1935 was selected from the cross CP 94-2059/CP 84-1322 made at Canal Point, FL on 8 Dec. 1998. In the final stage of selection, CP 04-1935 was tested for yield performance at two sand-soil locations along with 15 other genotypes across three crop years and for freeze tolerance in northern Florida for two crop years. CP 04-1935 produced an 11% higher cane yield, a 3.5% higher sucrose content, and a 14.5% higher sucrose yield than the reference sand cultivar CP 78-1628. CP 04-1935 is resistant to brown rust (caused by Puccinia melanocephala H. & P. Sydow), orange rust (caused by Puccinia kuehnii E. J. Butler), mosaic (caused by Sugarcane mosaic virus strain E), to smut (caused by Ustilago scitaminea H. & P. Sydow), and to eyespot [ caused by the Bipolaris sacchari (E. J. Butler) Shoemaker]; it is moderately resistant to leaf scald (caused by Xanthomonas albilineans Ashby, Dowson), and to ratoon stunt (caused by Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli Evtushenko et al.), but it is susceptible to Sugarcane yellow leaf virus. CP 04-1935 performed significantly worse under freeze conditions than CP 89-2143, the Florida industry standard for acceptable freeze tolerance. With its profitability predicted to be 19% higher than that of CP 78-1628, combined with a good disease profile, CP 04-1935 was recommended for planting on sand soils in Florida. C1 [Edme, Serge J.; Glynn, Neil C.; Zhao, Duli; Comstock, Jack C.; Glaz, Barry; Sood, Sushma; Miller, Jimmy D.; Tai, Peter Y. P.] ARS, USDA, Sugarcane Field Stn, Canal Point, FL 33438 USA. [Davidson, R. Wayne] Florida Sugar Cane League Inc, Clewiston, FL 33440 USA. [Gilbert, Robert A.] Univ Florida, Everglades Res & Educ Ctr, Belle Glade, FL 33430 USA. RP Glaz, B (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Sugarcane Field Stn, 12990 US Highway 441 N, Canal Point, FL 33438 USA. EM Barry.Glaz@ars.usda.gov NR 41 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 7 IS 3 BP 288 EP 295 DI 10.3198/jpr2012.12.0057crc PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 192WK UT WOS:000322518100006 ER PT J AU Glaz, B Edme, SJ Davidson, RW Zhao, DL Comstock, JC Sandhu, HS Glynn, NC Gilbert, RA Sood, S McCorkle, K Milligan, SB Hu, CJ AF Glaz, Barry Edme, Serge J. Davidson, R. Wayne Zhao, Duli Comstock, Jack C. Sandhu, Hardev S. Glynn, Neil C. Gilbert, Robert A. Sood, Sushma McCorkle, Katherine Milligan, Scott B. Hu, Chen-Jian TI Registration of 'CPCL 05-1102' Sugarcane SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID RATOON STUNTING DISEASE; FLORIDA; TRIALS; GENE AB 'CPCL 05-1102' (Reg. No. CV-157, PI 667556) sugarcane (a complex hybrid of Saccharum spp.) is the product of research initiated by the United States Sugar Corporation (USSC) and completed cooperatively by the USDA-ARS, the University of Florida, and the Florida Sugar Cane League, Inc. CPCL 05-1102 was released to growers in Florida on 16 Oct. 2012. CPCL 05-1102 was selected from a cross between the USSC proprietary cultivars CL 89-5189 (female) and CL 88-4730 (male) made at Clewiston, FL on 18 Dec. 2000. CL 89-5189 was adapted to muck soils, where it was used only briefly in commercial plantings of USSC due to yield losses to ratoon stunt (caused by Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli). CL 88-4730 is widely used on commercial plantings of USSC, particularly on sand soils. CPCL 05-1102 has acceptable resistance to leaf scald (caused by Xanthomonas albilineans Ashby, Dowson), Sugarcane mosaic virus strain E (mosaic), smut (caused by Ustilago scitaminea Sydow & P. Sydow), orange rust (caused by Puccinia kuehnii E. J. Butler), and brown rust (caused by Puccinia melanocephala H. & P. Sydow). Bru1, a major gene for resistance to brown rust, was not detected in the DNA of CPCL 05-1102. CPCL 051102 has high cane and sucrose yields and excellent freeze tolerance and is expected to be used on muck soils in Florida. C1 [Glaz, Barry; Edme, Serge J.; Zhao, Duli; Comstock, Jack C.; Sood, Sushma; McCorkle, Katherine] ARS, USDA, Sugarcane Field Stn, Canal Point, FL 33438 USA. [Davidson, R. Wayne] Florida Sugar Cane League Inc, Clewiston, FL 33440 USA. [Sandhu, Hardev S.; Gilbert, Robert A.] Univ Florida, Everglades Res & Educ Ctr, Belle Glade, FL 33430 USA. [Glynn, Neil C.] Syngenta Seeds Inc, Longmont, CO 80501 USA. [Milligan, Scott B.] Monsanto Co, Vegetable Seeds Div, Felda, FL 33930 USA. [Hu, Chen-Jian] US Sugar Corp, Clewiston, FL 33440 USA. RP Glaz, B (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Sugarcane Field Stn, 12990 US Highway 441 N, Canal Point, FL 33438 USA. EM barry.glaz@ars.usda.gov NR 39 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 7 IS 3 BP 296 EP 304 DI 10.3198/jpr2013.03.0012crc PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 192WK UT WOS:000322518100007 ER PT J AU Zhao, DL Comstock, JC Glaz, B Edme, SJ Davidson, RW Gilbert, RA Glynn, NC Sood, S Sandhu, HS McCorkle, K Miller, JD Tai, PYP AF Zhao, Duli Comstock, Jack C. Glaz, Barry Edme, Serge J. Davidson, R. Wayne Gilbert, Robert A. Glynn, Neil C. Sood, Sushma Sandhu, Hardev S. McCorkle, Katherine Miller, Jimmy D. Tai, Peter Y. P. TI Registration of 'CP 05-1526' Sugarcane SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID RUST RESISTANCE AB 'CP 05-1526' (Reg. No. CV-155, PI 667554) sugarcane (a complex hybrid of Saccharum spp.) was developed through cooperative research conducted by the USDA-ARS, the University of Florida, and the Florida Sugar Cane League, Inc., and released to growers for organic (muck) and sand soils in Florida in October 2012. CP 05-1526 was selected from the cross CP 98-1029 x CP 88-1162 made at Canal Point, FL in December 2002. The female parent (CP 98-1029) is a sugarcane cultivar released for commercial use in Florida in 2005. The male parent (CP 88-1162) is an experimental clone of the Canal Point sugarcane breeding and cultivar selection program. CP 05-1526 was released because of its high cane and sucrose yields and acceptable commercial recoverable sucrose on both muck and sand soils, and its acceptable levels of resistance to brown rust (caused by Puccinia melanocephala H. & P. Sydow), orange rust (caused by Puccinia kuehnii E. J. Butler), leaf scald (caused by Xanthomonas albilineans Ashby, Dowson), Sugarcane mosaic virus strain E (mosaic), ratoon stunt (caused by Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli Evtsuhenko et al.), and smut (caused by Ustilago scitaminea H. & P. Sydow) in Florida. CP 05-1526 has an intermediate level of freeze tolerance based on its relative rank of 11 in 22 genotypes tested and analyzed for temporal sucrose deterioration under field conditions. C1 [Zhao, Duli; Comstock, Jack C.; Glaz, Barry; Edme, Serge J.; Sood, Sushma; McCorkle, Katherine; Miller, Jimmy D.; Tai, Peter Y. P.] ARS, USDA, Sugarcane Field Stn, Canal Point, FL 33438 USA. [Davidson, R. Wayne] Florida Sugar Cane League Inc, Clewiston, FL 33440 USA. [Gilbert, Robert A.; Sandhu, Hardev S.] Univ Florida, Everglades Res & Educ Ctr, Belle Glade, FL 33430 USA. [Glynn, Neil C.] Syngenta Seeds Inc, Longmont, CO 80501 USA. RP Zhao, DL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Sugarcane Field Stn, 12990 US Highway 441 N, Canal Point, FL 33438 USA. EM duli.zhao@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 7 IS 3 BP 305 EP 311 DI 10.3198/jpr2013.02.0007crc PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 192WK UT WOS:000322518100008 ER PT J AU Davidson, RW Zhao, DL Comstock, JC Sandhu, HS Glaz, B Edme, SJ Sood, S Gilbert, RA Glynn, NC Milligan, SB Hu, CJ AF Davidson, R. Wayne Zhao, Duli Comstock, Jack C. Sandhu, Hardev S. Glaz, Barry Edme, Serge J. Sood, Sushma Gilbert, Robert A. Glynn, Neil C. Milligan, Scott B. Hu, Chen-Jian TI Registration of 'CPCL 05-1791' Sugarcane SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID RESISTANCE; GENE AB Development of 'CPCL 05-1791' (Reg. No. CV-156, PI 667555) sugarcane (a complex hybrid of Saccharum spp.) is the latest in a series of commercial sugarcane cultivar releases originating from the United States Sugar Corporation (USSC) and completed by the cooperative Canal Point sugarcane breeding and selection program (CP program) which includes the USDA-ARS, the University of Florida, and the Florida Sugar Cane League, Inc. CPCL 05-1791, which was released in Florida on 20 Sept. 2012, was selected from a cross of CP 96-1252 x CL 90-4725 made at Clewiston, FL on 5 Dec. 2002. The male parent, CL 90-4725, is a proprietary cultivar of USSC. CPCL 05-1791 was released because of its high cane yield, moderate levels of commercial recoverable sucrose on mineral (sand) soils, and its resistance to smut (caused by Ustilago scitaminea H. & P. Sydow), Sugarcane mosaic virus strain E (mosaic), and orange rust (caused by Puccinia kuehnii E. J. Butler), and its moderate resistance to brown rust (caused by Puccinia melanocephala H. & P. Sydow) and leaf scald (caused by Xanthomonas albilineans Ashby, Dowson). All of these diseases are of economic importance to sugarcane production in Florida. C1 [Davidson, R. Wayne] Florida Sugar Cane League Inc, Clewiston, FL 33440 USA. [Zhao, Duli; Comstock, Jack C.; Glaz, Barry; Edme, Serge J.; Sood, Sushma] ARS, USDA, Sugarcane Field Stn, Canal Point, FL 33438 USA. [Sandhu, Hardev S.; Gilbert, Robert A.] Univ Florida, Everglades Res & Educ Ctr, Belle Glade, FL 33430 USA. [Glynn, Neil C.] Syngenta Seeds Inc, Longmont, CO 80501 USA. [Milligan, Scott B.] Monsanto Co, Vegetable Seeds Div, Felda, FL 33930 USA. [Hu, Chen-Jian] US Sugar Corp, Clewiston, FL 33440 USA. RP Glaz, B (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Sugarcane Field Stn, 12990 US Highway 441 N, Canal Point, FL 33438 USA. EM Barry.Glaz@ars.usda.gov NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 7 IS 3 BP 312 EP 320 DI 10.3198/jpr2013.02.0010crc PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 192WK UT WOS:000322518100009 ER PT J AU Chen, J Wheeler, J Clayton, J Zhao, W O'Brien, K Zhang, J Jackson, C Marshall, JM Brown, BD Campbell, K Chen, XM Zemetra, R Souza, EJ AF Chen, J. Wheeler, J. Clayton, J. Zhao, W. O'Brien, K. Zhang, J. Jackson, C. Marshall, J. M. Brown, B. D. Campbell, K. Chen, X. M. Zemetra, R. Souza, E. J. TI Registration of 'UI Stone' Soft White Spring Wheat SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID FUSARIUM-HEAD-BLIGHT; F-SP TRITICI; STRIPE RUST; RESISTANCE AB 'Soft white spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is an important wheat class for domestic and international markets and is widely grown in the U.S. Pacific Northwest (PNW). The objective of this study was to develop a soft white spring (SWS) wheat cultivar with high grain yield, desirable end-use quality, and resistance to Fusarium head blight [FHB; caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe; telomorph Gibberella zeae (Schwein.) Petch], an emerging disease of spring wheat in southern Idaho and some areas in the PNW. 'UI Stone' (Reg. No. CV-1088, PI 660550) SWS wheat was developed by the Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station using a modified backcross breeding procedure. UI Stone was derived from a backcross 'Pomerelle' (star)2/'Tui' made in 1994 in Aberdeen, ID and tested under experimental numbers A94368-B-7 and IDO599. UI Stone was released for its superior grain yield under both unirrigated and irrigated production conditions in southern Idaho and the PNW, its excellent end-use quality, and its resistance to FHB. The heading date of UI Stone is similar to that of the early-maturity cultivar 'Nick' but later than that of 'UI Pettit' (PI 620631) and earlier than that of 'Alturas' (PI 620631), 'Louise' (PI 634865), and 'Alpowa' (PI 566596). UI Stone has potential to replace Alturas and UI Pettit in southern Idaho and to replace Alpowa, Louise, and Nick in the PNW. C1 [Chen, J.; Wheeler, J.; Clayton, J.; Zhao, W.; O'Brien, K.; Zhang, J.; Jackson, C.; Marshall, J. M.] Univ Idaho, Aberdeen Res & Ext Ctr, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Brown, B. D.] Univ Idaho, Parma Res & Ext Ctr, Parma, ID 83660 USA. [Campbell, K.; Chen, X. M.] Washington State Univ, ARS, USDA, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Zemetra, R.] Oregon State Univ, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Souza, E. J.] Univ Nebraska, Bayer Crop Sci LP, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Chen, J (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Aberdeen Res & Ext Ctr, 1693 S 2700 S, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. EM jchen@uidaho.edu FU Idaho Wheat Commission; Idaho Agricultural Experimental Station Hatch Projects; National Research Initiative Competitive Grants [2006-55606-16629]; USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Triticeae-CAP [2011-68002-30029] FX UI Stone was developed with financial support from the Idaho Wheat Commission, the Idaho Agricultural Experimental Station Hatch Projects, the National Research Initiative Competitive Grants 2006-55606-16629, and the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Triticeae-CAP 2011-68002-30029. The authors are grateful to Drs. Deven See, Charla Hollingsworth, and William Gray for providing technical support and to growers Hans Hayden, Lynn Carlquist, Verl Christensen, and Gilbert Hoffmeister for providing technical support and land for trials. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 7 IS 3 BP 321 EP 326 DI 10.3198/jpr2012.07.0010crc PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 192WK UT WOS:000322518100010 ER PT J AU Meredith, WR AF Meredith, William R., Jr. TI Registration of MD25-26ne, MD25-27, and MD25-87 Germplasm Lines of Cotton with Superior Yield, Fiber Quality, and Pest Resistance SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article AB Three noncommercial cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) lines were released by the USDA-ARS: MD25-26ne (Reg. No. GP-962, PI 666042), MD25-27 (Reg. No. GP-963, PI 666043), and MD25-87 (Reg. No. GP-964, PI 666044). These three lines are reselections out of MD 25. The objective of this research was to select lines with combinations of yield and fiber quality that were superior to those of MD 25. Starting with 153 F-3 random MD 25 selections, reselections were made in 2009, 2010, and 2011 that resulted in three MD lines being retained. The 2010 and 2011 strains tests from multiple Stoneville environments showed that the three selected MD 25 lines had an average yield of 1517 kg ha(-1), whereas the average yield of MD 25 itself was 1363 kg ha(-1). In 2011, across the eight Regional High Quality (RHQ) Tests, the average yields of the three MD 25 selections and of the 12 transgenic cultivars were 1276 and 1295 kg ha(-1), respectively, and their average yarn tenacities were 135 and 117 mN tex(-1), respectively. In 2011, average yields across 13 locations in the Regional Breeders Testing Network (RBTN) for the three MD25 lines and for the three test checks were 1487 and 1413 kg ha(-1). The average RBTN fiber-quality scores for the three selections and the three RBTN check cultivars were 78.7 and 52.2. None of the other 24 test entries exceeded the average of the three MD 25 lines. For the second fiber-quality score (QS2), the ranks of the three entries were 1, 2, and 4. The average QS2s for the three MD 25 lines and three check cultivars were 81.2 and 67.5. In other RBTN and RHQ tests, the three selected MD 25 lines showed resistance to tarnished plant bugs (Lygus spp.) and good resistance to the root-knot nematode [Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) Chitwood]. The combination of high yield, good fiber quality, and pest resistance make these three lines useful for further cotton improvement. C1 ARS, USDA, Crop Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Meredith, WR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Genet Res Unit, POB 345, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM bill.meredith@ars.usda.gov NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 7 IS 3 BP 327 EP 333 DI 10.3198/jpr2013.01.0001crg PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 192WK UT WOS:000322518100011 ER PT J AU Dierig, DA Dahlquist, GH Coffelt, TA Ray, DT Isbell, TA Wang, GY AF Dierig, David A. Dahlquist, Gail H. Coffelt, Terry A. Ray, Dennis T. Isbell, Terry A. Wang, Guangyao TI Registration of WCL-LO4-Gail Lesquerella with Improved Harvest Index SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID FENDLERI GERMPLASM AB WCL-LO4-Gail lesquerella (Physaria fendleri L.) germplasm line (Reg. No. GP-34, PI 666045) was publicly released jointly by the USDA-ARS and the University of Arizona, in 2012 as part of the new crops breeding program. The germplasm was developed by mass selection originating from lesquerella germplasm WCL-LO3. The germplasm has an average oil content of 29% and 44% lesquerolic acid. It has a harvest index of 16.5, a plant biomass of 157 g, and a seed yield of 23.5 g plant(-1). The unique characteristic of this germplasm is its demonstrated improved harvest index. The release of WCL-LO4-Gail will benefit public and private breeders with new germplasm for variety development. It will also benefit growers and producers with the highest yielding available germplasm for production. C1 [Dierig, David A.; Dahlquist, Gail H.; Coffelt, Terry A.] ARS, USDA, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85238 USA. [Ray, Dennis T.] Univ Arizona, Sch Plant Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Isbell, Terry A.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Wang, Guangyao] Univ Arizona, Sch Plant Sci, Maricopa Ag Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85238 USA. RP Dierig, DA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, 1111 S Mason, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM david.dierig@ars.usda.gov NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 7 IS 3 BP 339 EP 341 DI 10.3198/jpr2013.01.0004crg PG 3 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 192WK UT WOS:000322518100013 ER PT J AU Rooney, WL Portillo, O Hayes, C AF Rooney, William L. Portillo, Ostilio Hayes, Chad TI Registration of ATx3363 and BTx3363 Black Sorghum Germplasms SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID ANTIOXIDANT; 3-DEOXYANTHOCYANINS; ANTHOCYANINS; INHIBITION; GENOTYPES; GRAINS AB The sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] germplasms ATx3363 (Reg. No. GP-731, PI 668028) and BTx3363 (Reg. No. GP-732, PI 668029) were developed and released by Texas AgriLife Research sorghum breeding program in 2012. Tx3363 is a grain sorghum seed parent designed to produce a very dark-colored (i.e., black) grain hybrid in combination with Tx3362. BTx3363 was developed with pedigree selection methods and the male sterile version (ATx3363) was developed via backcrossing using ATx623 as a source of A1 cytoplasm. Grain produced from the combination of Tx3363/Tx3362 has potential use and application as a natural colorant and source of antioxidants. The color is associated with high levels of 3-deoxyanthocyanins in the pericarp of the grain. Therefore, they have application as natural colorants in many processed food products. Because these compounds are present in the pericarp, they are easily concentrated by simply decorticating the grain and collecting the resulting bran. Tx3363 sorghum germplasm can be used as a seed parent to produce hybrids rich in 3-deoxyanthocyanins or as a breeding parent to produce additional lines with this unique characteristic. C1 [Rooney, William L.; Portillo, Ostilio] Texas A&M Univ, Dep Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Hayes, Chad] ARS, USDA, Plant Stress & Germplasm Dev Unit, Cropping Syst Res Lab, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. RP Rooney, WL (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dep Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM wlr@tamu.edu NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 7 IS 3 BP 342 EP 346 DI 10.3198/jpr2013.01.0006crg PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 192WK UT WOS:000322518100014 ER PT J AU Qi, LL Seiler, GJ AF Qi, L. L. Seiler, G. J. TI Registration of a Male Fertility Restorer Oilseed Sunflower Germplasm, HA-R9, Resistant to Sunflower Rust SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID CYTOPLASMIC MALE-STERILITY; HELIANTHUS-ANNUUS L.; PUCCINIA-HELIANTHI; NORTH-DAKOTA; RESTORATION; GENE; POPULATIONS; RACES AB The sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) germplasm HA-R9 (Reg. No. GP-326, PI 667595) was developed by the USDA-ARS, Sunflower and Plant Biology Research Unit in collaboration with the Agricultural Experiment Station of North Dakota State University and released in January 2013. Sunflower rust (caused by Puccinia helianthi Schwein.) is a worldwide disease of sunflower that is an increasing threat to North American production due to newly emerged virulent races. HA-R9 was selected from an oilseed male fertility restorer line, Rf ANN-1742 (PI 596476), which was released by the USDA-ARS and the Agricultural Experiment Station of North Dakota State University in 1997. The rust resistance in HA-R9 originated from wild H. annuus PI 613748. Rust evaluation was conducted at the seedling stage under greenhouse conditions. HA-R9 has resistance to all rust races tested so far, including the most predominant and the most virulent races currently identified in the United States. The rust resistance in HA-R9 is conditioned by a single dominant gene R 11 which has been mapped to linkage group 13 of sunflower and is closely linked to the Rf5 male fertility restorer gene present in HA-R9 in the coupling phase. Germplasm HA-R9 will fill an urgent need for resistance to new virulent rust races and diversify the pool of fertility restoration genes in sunflower. C1 [Qi, L. L.; Seiler, G. J.] ARS, USDA, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. RP Qi, LL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, No Crop Sci Lab, 1605 Albrecht Blvd N, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM lili.qi@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS CRIS Project [5442-21000-034-00D] FX We thank Angelia Hogness and Marjorie Olson for technical assistance. This project was supported by the USDA-ARS CRIS Project No. 5442-21000-034-00D. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this report is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 7 IS 3 BP 353 EP 357 DI 10.3198/jpr2013.04.0016crg PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 192WK UT WOS:000322518100016 ER PT J AU Porch, TG Beaver, JS Brick, MA AF Porch, Timothy G. Beaver, James S. Brick, Mark A. TI Registration of Tepary Germplasm with Multiple-Stress Tolerance, TARS-Tep 22 and TARS-Tep 32 SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID BEANS PHASEOLUS-ACUTIFOLIUS; FIELD PERFORMANCE; BACTERIAL-BLIGHT; RESISTANCE; COMMON; IMPROVEMENT; LATIFOLIUS; WEEVIL; GROWTH; YIELD AB High ambient temperature and drought stress as a result of climate change are increasingly critical factors affecting agriculture, specifically grain legume production. Tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius A. Gray), a drought-and heat-tolerant species closely related to common bean (P. vulgaris L.), has long been employed by Native Americans for production in regions prone to abiotic stress. In addition to abiotic stress, common bacterial blight [caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (Smith) Dye] and seed weevils [Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say)] are widespread yield and storage constraints worldwide, respectively. TARS-Tep 22 (Reg. No. GP-288, PI 666350) and TARS-Tep 32 (Reg. No. GP-289, PI 666351) were developed by the USDA-ARS, the University of Puerto Rico Agricultural Experiment Station, and Colorado State University. The tepary bean germplasms were selected for multiple stress tolerances, including high-temperature and drought stresses and resistance to bacterial blight and seed weevils, and for larger seed size and more erect architecture. TARS-Tep 22 represents the first published release of improved tepary as a result of hybridization and selection, and TARS-Tep 32 is a single plant selection from a landrace (PI 477033) from Arizona. The use of this improved germplasm by farmers in production zones affected by abiotic and/or biotic stress or by breeding programs can potentially increase yields of this newly rediscovered crop. C1 [Porch, Timothy G.] ARS, USDA, TARS, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. [Beaver, James S.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dep Agroenvironm Sci, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA. [Brick, Mark A.] Colorado State Univ, Dep Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Porch, TG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, TARS, 2200 PA Campos Ave,Suite 201, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. EM timothy.porch@ars.usda.gov FU USAID Dry Grain Pulses CRSP; USDA-USAID Feed the Future Initiative Research Project: Pulse Productivity FX The authors thank Abraham Montes, Adolfo Quiles, Edlin Gonzalez, and Barry Ogg for assistance with the field trials. We appreciate the financial support from the USAID Dry Grain Pulses CRSP and from the USDA-USAID Feed the Future Initiative Research Project: Pulse Productivity. NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 21 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 7 IS 3 BP 358 EP 364 DI 10.3198/jpr2012.10.0047crg PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 192WK UT WOS:000322518100017 ER PT J AU Klein, RR Miller, FR Klein, PE Burke, JJ AF Klein, R. R. Miller, F. R. Klein, P. E. Burke, J. J. TI Registration of Partially Converted Germplasm from 44 Accessions of the USDA-ARS Ethiopian and Sudanese Sorghum Collections SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article AB Forty-four sources of late-maturing sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] germplasm registered with National Plant Germplasm System as genetic stocks (Reg. No. GS-655, PI 665639 to Reg. No. GS-698, PI 665682) were converted to early-maturing, dwarf-height F-3 families and were released by the National Sorghum Foundation, the United Sorghum Checkoff Program, the USDA-ARS, and MMR Genetics in 2012. The sorghum working groups represented in these partially converted materials include zerazera, caudatum, caudatum-kafir, caudatum-guineense, caudatum-nigricans, caudatum-durra, nandyal, durra, durra-kafir, and durra-bicolor. Conversion was accomplished by crossing photoperiod-sensitive tropical accessions to elite line BTx406 during the winter in Puerto Vallarta, Mexico with selection of early-maturing, short (generally 2- or 3-dwarf) genotypes within F-2 segregating populations under long-day, summer conditions in Vega, TX. Early-flowering short F-2 selections were genotyped by sequencing, and five F-2 plants with the greatest proportion of the exotic genome from each accession were selfed in Puerto Vallarta. The resulting F-2:3 germplasm families, RSC02-3sel(bulk) to RSC149-3sel(bulk), represent new sources of germplasm from the USDA-ARS collection of a height and maturity readily usable to temperate-zone areas of the world. This germplasm will be useful in breeding programs by providing new genetic diversity from tropical accessions currently not available for use in hybrids. C1 [Klein, R. R.] ARS, USDA, Crop Germplasm Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Miller, F. R.] MMR Genet LLC, Vega, TX 79092 USA. [Klein, P. E.] Texas A&M Univ, Dep Hort, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Klein, P. E.] Texas A&M Univ, Inst Plant Genom & Biotechnol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Burke, J. J.] ARS, USDA, Cropping Syst Res Lab, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. RP Klein, RR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Germplasm Res Unit, 2881 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM rklein@tamu.edu FU United Sorghum Checkoff Program; USDA-ARS; MMR Genetics LLC FX Financial support for the development of this germplasm came from the United Sorghum Checkoff Program and from funds provided by the USDA-ARS (to R.R. Klein) and MMR Genetics LLC (to F.R. Miller). Special thanks to J.C. McCollum (USDA-ARS) for her excellent technical assistance, and our gratitude is extended to the entire staff of MMR Genetics LLC. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 9 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 7 IS 3 BP 368 EP 372 DI 10.3198/jpr2012.08.0025crgs PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 192WK UT WOS:000322518100019 ER PT J AU Khalyani, AH Mayer, AL AF Khalyani, Azad Henareh Mayer, Audrey L. TI Spatial and temporal deforestation dynamics of Zagros forests (Iran) from 1972 to 2009 SO LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING LA English DT Article DE Deforestation; Landscape change; Landscape connectivity; Spatial-temporal dynamics; Zagros forests ID SEMIARID GRAZING SYSTEMS; LANDSCAPE CONNECTIVITY; HABITAT PATCHES; ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT; VEGETATION CHANGES; EXTINCTION DEBT; GRAPH-THEORY; CONSERVATION; RESILIENCE; INDEXES AB The emerging interest in sudden losses in vegetation and forest cover in semi-arid areas has led to a new understanding of the patterns and processes of deforestation. The Zagros oak forests in western Iran have undergone dramatic changes in cover and structure in recent decades, with negative consequences for the communities that depend upon them. This study had three objectives: (1) evaluate the nature and magnitude of these changes from 1972 to 2009 through trends in forest area and connectivity; (2) evaluate the changes in forest area and landscape connectivity across a climatic gradient; and (3) evaluate the effect of topographical variations. Landsat MSS, TM, and ETM+ images for the region were preprocessed and corrected prior to classification of 167 landscape units (LU; 400 km(2) each). We developed two measures - deforestation sensitivity (DS) and connectivity sensitivity (CS) - for each LU. A considerable but relatively linear loss in forest area and connectivity was detected. Connectivity loss occurred more rapidly than forest loss due to the loss of connecting patches. More connectivity was lost in southern Zagros due to climatic differences and different forms of traditional land use. Steep slopes and high elevations experienced more forest loss and connectivity. In northern Zagros the coppice form of forest management should be supported as a method that maintains connectivity. In southern Zagros, restoration projects should focus on regeneration in forest gaps to restore connectivity between isolated forest fragments. The study provides large scale information for restoration projects across a spatial climatic gradient. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Khalyani, Azad Henareh] N Carolina State Univ, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Dept Biol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Khalyani, Azad Henareh] Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, USDA, Jardin Bot Sur, San Juan, PR 00926 USA. [Mayer, Audrey L.] Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. RP Khalyani, AH (reprint author), Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, USDA, Jardin Bot Sur, 1201 Calle Ceiba, San Juan, PR 00926 USA. EM ahenare@ncsu.edu; almayer@Mtu.Edu FU Graduate School at Michigan Tech. FX This work was partially funded by a Dean Doctoral Finishing Fellowship from the Graduate School at Michigan Tech. We would like to thank Prof. Santiago Saura Martinez de Toda for his guidance in using Conefor software and for sending us the command line version for batch processing. We would like also to express our gratitude to the three reviewers; their detailed critique and specific suggestions dramatically improved this manuscript. NR 45 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 51 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-2046 J9 LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN JI Landsc. Urban Plan. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 117 BP 1 EP 12 DI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2013.04.014 PG 12 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Urban Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography; Urban Studies GA 189WR UT WOS:000322299500001 ER PT J AU Zuriaga, E Soriano, JM Zhebentyayeva, T Romero, C Dardick, C Canizares, J Badenes, ML AF Zuriaga, Elena Miguel Soriano, Jose Zhebentyayeva, Tetyana Romero, Carlos Dardick, Chris Canizares, Joaquin Luisa Badenes, Maria TI Genomic analysis reveals MATH gene(s) as candidate(s) for Plum pox virus (PPV) resistance in apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) SO MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LONG-DISTANCE MOVEMENT; BINDING TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; GENETIC-LINKAGE MAP; TOBACCO ETCH VIRUS; NBS-LRR GENES; SHARKA DISEASE; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; CAPSID PROTEIN; SERINE/THREONINE KINASE; UBIQUITIN LIGASE AB Sharka disease, caused by Plum pox virus (PPV), is the most important viral disease affecting Prunus species. A major PPV resistance locus (PPVres) has been mapped to the upper part of apricot (Prunus armeniaca) linkage group 1. In this study, a physical map of the PPVres locus in the PPV-resistant cultivar 'Goldrich' was constructed. Bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones belonging to the resistant haplotype contig were sequenced using 454/ GS-FLX Titanium technology. Concurrently, the whole genome of seven apricot varieties (three PPV-resistant and four PPV-susceptible) and two PPV-susceptible apricot relatives (P. sibirica var. davidiana and P. mume) were obtained using the Illumina-HiSeq2000 platform. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the mapped interval, recorded from alignments against the peach genome, allowed us to narrow down the PPVres locus to a region of similar to 196 kb. Searches for polymorphisms linked in coupling with the resistance led to the identification of 68 variants within 23 predicted transcripts according to peach genome annotation. Candidate resistance genes were ranked combining data from variant calling and predicted functions inferred from sequence homology. Together, the results suggest that members of a cluster of meprin and TRAF-C homology domain (MATHd)-containing proteins are the most likely candidate genes for PPV resistance in apricot. Interestingly, MATHd proteins are hypothesized to control long-distance movement (LDM) of potyviruses in Arabidopsis, and restriction for LDM is also a major component of PPV resistance in apricot. Although the PPV resistance gene(s) remains to be unambiguously identified, these results pave the way to the determination of the underlying mechanism and to the development of more accurate breeding strategies. C1 [Zuriaga, Elena; Miguel Soriano, Jose; Romero, Carlos; Luisa Badenes, Maria] IVIA, Valencia 46113, Spain. [Zhebentyayeva, Tetyana] Clemson Univ, Dept Biochem & Genet, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Dardick, Chris] ARS, USDA, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Canizares, Joaquin] Univ Politecn Valencia, Inst Conservac & Mejora Agrodiversidad Valenciana, Valencia 46022, Spain. RP Badenes, ML (reprint author), IVIA, Apartado Oficial, Valencia 46113, Spain. EM badenes_mlu@gva.es RI Badenes, Maria Luisa/C-6606-2014; Canizares, Joaquin/M-3255-2014; Zuriaga, Elena/C-6985-2015; Romero, Carlos/G-6868-2015 OI Badenes, Maria Luisa/0000-0001-9722-6783; Canizares, Joaquin/0000-0001-9002-5516; Zuriaga, Elena/0000-0001-5497-4941; Romero, Carlos/0000-0002-5316-8312 FU Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia of Spain [AGL2007-60709, AGL2010-20595]; European Union Seventh Framework Programme [204429]; European Regional Development Fund (ERDF); US Department of Agriculture (USDA) Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) Technical Assistance for Specialty Crops (TASC) program; USDA-ARS/Clemson University FX This research was supported by grants from the Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia of Spain (Research Projects AGL2007-60709 and AGL2010-20595), the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013, grant agreement: 204429), the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), a grant from the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) Technical Assistance for Specialty Crops (TASC) program and a cooperative agreement between USDA-ARS/Clemson University. NR 90 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 35 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1464-6722 J9 MOL PLANT PATHOL JI Mol. Plant Pathol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 14 IS 7 BP 663 EP 677 DI 10.1111/mpp.12037 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 193WH UT WOS:000322591700002 PM 23672686 ER PT J AU Mitchum, MG Hussey, RS Baum, TJ Wang, XH Elling, AA Wubben, M Davis, EL AF Mitchum, Melissa G. Hussey, Richard S. Baum, Thomas J. Wang, Xiaohong Elling, Axel A. Wubben, Martin Davis, Eric L. TI Nematode effector proteins: an emerging paradigm of parasitism SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Review DE cyst; effector; giant cell; nematode; parasitism; reniform; root-knot; syncytium ID SOYBEAN CYST-NEMATODE; ESOPHAGEAL GLAND-CELLS; HORIZONTAL GENE-TRANSFER; DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; HETERODERA-GLYCINES; MELOIDOGYNE-INCOGNITA; GLOBODERA-ROSTOCHIENSIS; CHORISMATE MUTASE; PLANT PARASITISM; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA AB Phytonematodes use a stylet and secreted effectors to modify host cells and ingest nutrients to support their growth and development. The molecular function of nematode effectors is currently the subject of intense investigation. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of nematode effectors, with a particular focus on proteinaceous stylet-secreted effectors of sedentary endoparasitic phytonematodes, for which a wealth of information has surfaced in the past 10 yr. We provide an update on the effector repertoires of several of the most economically important genera of phytonematodes and discuss current approaches to dissecting their function. Lastly, we highlight the latest breakthroughs in effector discovery that promise to shed new light on effector diversity and function across the phylum Nematoda. C1 [Mitchum, Melissa G.] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Mitchum, Melissa G.] Univ Missouri, Bond Life Sci Ctr, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Hussey, Richard S.] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Pathol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Baum, Thomas J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Wang, Xiaohong] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Wang, Xiaohong] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Elling, Axel A.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Wubben, Martin] Mississippi State Univ, USDA ARS, Crop Sci Res Lab, Genet & Precis Agr Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Wubben, Martin] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Davis, Eric L.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Mitchum, MG (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM goellnerm@missouri.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)-National Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program; USDA-Agriculture Research Service; United Soybean Board; Washington State Department of Agriculture; Washington State Potato Commission; Idaho Potato Commission; Washington Grain Commission; Washington Red Raspberry Commission; Pioneer Hi-Bred; Experiment Station of University of Missouri; Experiment Station of University of Georgia; Experiment Station of North Carolina State University; Experiment Station of Iowa State University; Agricultural Research Center at Washington State University FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the members of their laboratories and collaborators over the years for their contributions to this work. We thank Richard Howard and Nancy Rizzo, DuPont Pioneer, for providing the pictures showing localization of nematode CLE effector proteins in the secretory granules of the dorsal gland cell. Research support for the authors has been awarded by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)-National Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program, USDA-Agriculture Research Service, United Soybean Board, Washington State Department of Agriculture, Washington State Potato Commission, Idaho Potato Commission, Washington Grain Commission, Washington Red Raspberry Commission, Pioneer Hi-Bred, Experiment Stations of University of Missouri, University of Georgia, North Carolina State University, and Iowa State University, and Agricultural Research Center at Washington State University. NR 181 TC 65 Z9 70 U1 5 U2 160 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1469-8137 J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 199 IS 4 BP 879 EP 894 DI 10.1111/nph.12323 PG 16 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 193YZ UT WOS:000322598700004 PM 23691972 ER PT J AU Rico, C Pittermann, J Polley, HW Aspinwall, MJ Fay, PA AF Rico, Christopher Pittermann, Jarmila Polley, H. Wayne Aspinwall, Michael J. Fay, Phillip A. TI The effect of subambient to elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration on vascular function in Helianthus annuus: implications for plant response to climate change SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE cavitation; phloem; stomatal density; xylem anatomy; xylem plasticity ID MAXIMUM STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; DECIDUOUS FOREST TREES; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTANCE; WATER TRANSPORT; CARBON-DIOXIDE; GAS-EXCHANGE; PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS; WOOD DENSITY; XYLEM; PHOTOSYNTHESIS AB Plant gas exchange is regulated by stomata, which coordinate leaf-level water loss with xylem transport. Stomatal opening responds to internal concentrations of CO2 in the leaf, but changing CO2 can also lead to changes in stomatal density that influence transpiration. Given that stomatal conductance increases under subambient concentrations of CO2 and, conversely, that plants lose less water at elevated concentrations, can downstream effects of atmospheric CO2 be observed in xylem tissue? We approached this problem by evaluating leaf stomatal density, xylem transport, xylem anatomy and resistance to cavitation in Helianthus annuus plants grown under three CO2 regimes ranging from pre-industrial to elevated concentrations. Xylem transport, conduit size and stomatal density all increased at 290 ppm relative to ambient and elevated CO2 concentrations. The shoots of the 290-ppm-grown plants were most vulnerable to cavitation, whereas xylem cavitation resistance did not differ in 390- and 480-ppm-grown plants. Our data indicate that, even as an indirect driver of water loss, CO2 can affect xylem structure and water transport by coupling stomatal and xylem hydraulic functions during plant development. This plastic response has implications for plant water use under variable concentrations of CO2, as well as the evolution of efficient xylem transport. C1 [Rico, Christopher; Pittermann, Jarmila] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Polley, H. Wayne; Fay, Phillip A.] USDA, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Aspinwall, Michael J.] Univ Western Sydney, Hawkesbury Inst Environm, Richmond, NSW 2753, Australia. RP Pittermann, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM jpitterm@ucsc.edu RI Aspinwall, Mike/M-2083-2014; OI Aspinwall, Mike/0000-0003-0199-2972; Fay, Philip/0000-0002-8291-6316 FU REU; NSF [IOS-1027410]; UCSC's Faculty Research Grant programme FX The authors thank Joshua Cowan, Sherwin Bastami and Lindsey Roark (UCSC, CA, USA) for contributing to xylem anatomy, hydraulics and stomatal density measurements, and Chris Kolodziejczyk and Katherine Jones for assistance with planting as well as biomass measurements (USDA, TX, USA). Lewis Ziska, James Bunce and three anonymous reviewers provided valuable comments that helped improve the manuscript. M.A. acknowledges the support of P. Reich and T. Tjoelker (Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Australia). C.R. was funded in part by an REU grant in association with NSF grant IOS-1027410 to J.P. Additional funding from UCSC's Faculty Research Grant programme (2010) is gratefully acknowledged. NR 90 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 5 U2 108 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1469-8137 J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 199 IS 4 BP 956 EP 965 DI 10.1111/nph.12339 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 193YZ UT WOS:000322598700011 PM 23731256 ER PT J AU Aspinwall, MJ Lowry, DB Taylor, SH Juenger, TE Hawkes, CV Johnson, MVV Kiniry, JR Fay, PA AF Aspinwall, Michael J. Lowry, David B. Taylor, Samuel H. Juenger, Thomas E. Hawkes, Christine V. Johnson, Mari-Vaughn V. Kiniry, James R. Fay, Philip A. TI Genotypic variation in traits linked to climate and aboveground productivity in a widespread C-4 grass: evidence for a functional trait syndrome SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE C-4; climate change; evolution; genecology; Panicum virgatum (switchgrass); physiology; polyploidy ID WATER-USE EFFICIENCY; GENETIC-VARIATION; SWITCHGRASS CULTIVARS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; PANICUM-VIRGATUM; TRANSPIRATION EFFICIENCY; ECOPHYSIOLOGICAL TRAITS; POLYGONUM-ARENASTRUM; PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS; NATURAL-POPULATIONS AB Examining intraspecific variation in growth and function in relation to climate may provide insight into physiological evolution and adaptation, and is important for predicting species responses to climate change. Under common garden conditions, we grew nine genotypes of the C-4 species Panicum virgatum originating from different temperature and precipitation environments. We hypothesized that genotype productivity, morphology and physiological traits would be correlated with climate of origin, and a suite of adaptive traits would show high broad-sense heritability (H-2). Genotype productivity and flowering time increased and decreased, respectively, with home-climate temperature, and home-climate temperature was correlated with genotypic differences in a syndrome of morphological and physiological traits. Genotype leaf and tiller size, leaf lamina thickness, leaf mass per area (LMA) and C:N ratios increased with home-climate temperature, whereas leaf nitrogen per unit mass (N-m) and chlorophyll (Chl) decreased with home-climate temperature. Trait variation was largely explained by genotypic differences (H-2 = 0.33-0.85). Our results provide new insight into the role of climate in driving functional trait coordination, local adaptation and genetic divergence within species. These results emphasize the importance of considering intraspecific variation in future climate change scenarios. C1 [Aspinwall, Michael J.; Lowry, David B.; Taylor, Samuel H.; Juenger, Thomas E.; Hawkes, Christine V.] Univ Texas Austin, Sect Integrat Biol, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Aspinwall, Michael J.] Univ Western Sydney, Hawkesbury Inst Environm, Richmond, NSW 2753, Australia. [Taylor, Samuel H.] Bowdoin Coll, Dept Biol, Brunswick, ME 04011 USA. [Johnson, Mari-Vaughn V.] USDA NRCS, Resources Assessment Div, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Kiniry, James R.; Fay, Philip A.] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. RP Aspinwall, MJ (reprint author), Univ Western Sydney, Hawkesbury Inst Environm, Hawkesbury Campus,Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia. EM m.aspinwall@uws.edu.au RI Aspinwall, Mike/M-2083-2014; OI Aspinwall, Mike/0000-0003-0199-2972; Fay, Philip/0000-0002-8291-6316; Hawkes, Christine/0000-0002-1043-9469; Taylor, Samuel/0000-0001-9714-0656 FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [IOS-0922457]; USDA NIFA [2011-67012-30696, 2010-65615-20632] FX We thank T. Quedensley, K. Tiner, A. Naranjo, A. Gibson, L. Crosby, C. Steele, K. Baker, N. Johnson, and Y. Sorokin for technical support, and several anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. M.A. thanks M. Tjoelker and P. Reich for support during the writing of this manuscript. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) (IOS-0922457). Additional funding for D.B.L. was provided by USDA NIFA postdoctoral fellowship (2011-67012-30696). P.A.F. acknowledges support from USDA-NIFA (2010-65615-20632). NR 85 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 4 U2 108 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1469-8137 J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 199 IS 4 BP 966 EP 980 DI 10.1111/nph.12341 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 193YZ UT WOS:000322598700012 PM 23701159 ER PT J AU Alvarado-Esquivel, C Alvarado-Esquivel, D Villena, I Dubey, JP AF Alvarado-Esquivel, Cosme Alvarado-Esquivel, Domingo Villena, I. Dubey, J. P. TI Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in domestic rabbits in Durango State, Mexico SO PREVENTIVE VETERINARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Toxoplasma gondii; Rabbits; Seroprevalence; Mexico ID ORYCTOLAGUS-CUNICULUS; ANTIBODIES; OOCYSTS AB There is a lack of information concerning the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in rabbits in northern Mexico. Through a cross sectional study, antibodies to T. gondii were determined in 429 domestic rabbits in Durango State, Mexico using the modified agglutination test. Rabbits were raised in 29 properties in 6 municipalities. Overall, antibodies to T. gondii were found in 70 (16.3%) of 429 rabbits, with titers of 1:25 in 42, 1:50 in 19, 1:100 in 5, 1:200 in 3, and 1:800 in 1. Seropositive rabbits were found in 21 (72.4%) of 29 properties, including 16 of 21 homes, 4 of 5 farms, and 1 of 3 pet shops. This is the first study of T. gondii infection in rabbits in Durango, Mexico. Results indicate that infected rabbits are a potential source of T. gondii infection in humans in Durango State. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Alvarado-Esquivel, Cosme; Alvarado-Esquivel, Domingo] Juarez Univ Durango State, Fac Med & Nutr, Biomed Res Lab, Durango 34000, Mexico. [Villena, I.] Hosp Maison Blanche, Biol Resources Ctr Toxoplasma, Natl Reference Ctr Toxoplasmosis, Lab Parasitol Mycol, F-51092 Reims, France. [Dubey, J. P.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Bldg 1001, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-5877 J9 PREV VET MED JI Prev. Vet. Med. PD SEP 1 PY 2013 VL 111 IS 3-4 BP 325 EP 328 DI 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2013.05.005 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 189VX UT WOS:000322297500017 PM 23746573 ER PT J AU Yebra, M Dennison, PE Chuvieco, E Riano, D Zylstra, P Hunt, ER Danson, FM Qi, Y Jurdao, S AF Yebra, Marta Dennison, Philip E. Chuvieco, Emilio Riano, David Zylstra, Philip Hunt, E. Raymond, Jr. Danson, F. Mark Qi, Yi Jurdao, Sara TI A global review of remote sensing of live fuel moisture content for fire danger assessment: Moving towards operational products SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Review DE Vegetation water content; Live fuel moisture content; Water thickness; Dry matter content; Radiative transfer models; Spectral indices; Fire occurrence; Wildfire; Fire risk ID VEGETATION WATER-CONTENT; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER MODELS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES MODEL; SANTA-MONICA MOUNTAINS; DRY-MATTER CONTENT; REFLECTANCE DATA; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; CANOPY REFLECTANCE; MEDITERRANEAN FORESTS; SURFACE-TEMPERATURE AB One of the primary variables affecting ignition and spread of wildfire is fuel moisture content (FMC). Live FMC (LFMC) is responsive to long term climate and plant adaptations to drought, requiring remote sensing for monitoring of spatial and temporal variations in LFMC. Liquid water has strong absorption features in the near- and shortwave-infrared spectral regions, which provide a physical basis for direct estimation of LFMC. Complexity introduced by biophysical and biochemical properties at leaf and canopy scales presents theoretical and methodological problems that must be addressed before remote sensing can be used for operational monitoring of LFMC. The objective of this paper is to review the use of remotely sensed data for estimating LFMC, with particular concern towards the operational use of LFMC products for fire risk assessment. Relationships between LFMC and fire behavior have been found in fuel ignition experiments and at landscape scales, but the complexity of fire interactions with fuel structure has prevented linking LFMC to fire behavior at intermediate scales. Changes in LFMC have both direct (liquid water absorption) and indirect (pigment and structural changes) impacts on spectral reflectance. The literature is dominated by studies that have used statistical (empirical) and physical model-based methods applied to coarse resolution data covering the visible, near infrared, and/or shortwave infrared regions of the spectrum. Empirical relationships often have the drawback of being site-specific, while the selection and parameterization of physically-based algorithms are far more complex. Challenges remain in quantifying error of remote sensing-based LFMC estimations and linking LFMC to fire behavior and risk. The review concludes with a list of priority areas where advancement is needed to transition remote sensing of LFMC to operational use. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Yebra, Marta] CSIRO Land & Water, CSIRO Water Hlth Country Flagship, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Dennison, Philip E.; Qi, Yi] Univ Utah, Dept Geog, Salt Lake City, UT 84123 USA. [Dennison, Philip E.; Qi, Yi] Univ Utah, Ctr Nat & Technol Hazards, Salt Lake City, UT 84123 USA. [Chuvieco, Emilio; Jurdao, Sara] Univ Alcala de Henares, Dept Geog & Geol, Alcala De Henares 28801, Spain. [Riano, David] CSIC, IEGD, CCHS, Madrid 28037, Spain. [Riano, David] Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Spatial Technol & Remote Sensing CSTARS, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Zylstra, Philip] Univ Wollongong, Ctr Environm Risk Management Bushfires, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia. [Hunt, E. Raymond, Jr.] ARS, USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Danson, F. Mark] Univ Salford, Ecosyst & Environm Res Ctr, Sch Environm & Life Sci, Salford M5 4WT, Lancs, England. RP Yebra, M (reprint author), CSIRO Land & Water, CSIRO Water Hlth Country Flagship, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. EM marta.yebra@csiro.au RI Yebra, Marta/B-5122-2011; Riano, David/C-9663-2013; Chuvieco, Emilio /N-6448-2016; Qi, Yi/L-8492-2013; OI Riano, David/0000-0002-0198-1424; Chuvieco, Emilio /0000-0001-5618-4759; Qi, Yi/0000-0001-8077-3350; Dennison, Philip/0000-0002-0241-1917; Zylstra, Philip/0000-0002-6946-866X FU United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNX11AF93G, NNX09AN51G]; CSIRO OCE postdoctoral scholarship FX Portions of this work were supported by funding from the United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration grants #NNX11AF93G and #NNX09AN51G. Marta Yebra was supported by a CSIRO OCE postdoctoral scholarship. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Thanks to Dr. Stuart Matthews and Dr. Matt Plucinski (CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences) for their helpful comments that improved this paper. NR 158 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 11 U2 138 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 EI 1879-0704 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 136 BP 455 EP 468 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2013.05.029 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 186PC UT WOS:000322055600037 ER PT J AU Tan, B Masek, JG Wolfe, R Gao, F Huang, CQ Vermote, EF Sexton, JO Ederer, G AF Tan, Bin Masek, Jeffrey G. Wolfe, Robert Gao, Feng Huang, Chengquan Vermote, Eric F. Sexton, Joseph O. Ederer, Greg TI Improved forest change detection with terrain illumination corrected Landsat images SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Illumination correction; Topographic effect; Landsat; LEDAPS; TDA-SVM ID SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES; SURFACE REFLECTANCE; TM DATA; CLASSIFICATION; DISTURBANCE AB An illumination correction algorithm has been developed to improve the accuracy of forest change detection from Landsat-derived reflectance data. This algorithm is based on an empirical rotation model and was tested on Landsat image pairs over the Cherokee National Forest, Tennessee; Uinta-Wasatch-Cache National Forest, Utah; San Juan National Forest, Colorado; and Sinkyone Wilderness State Park, California. The illumination correction process successfully eliminated correlation between Landsat reflectance and illumination condition. Comparison to forest-change maps derived from uncorrected images showed significant disagreement, ranging from 23% to 45%. Validated against high-resolution (1 m or less) time-serial images, the illumination correction decreased overestimation of forest gains and losses and improved specificity in detection of major forest changes. The overall accuracy increases 34% at the Cherokee Forest site and about 10% at the other three sites. The disagreement rate between change maps from the original and corrected Landsat images increased with increasing terrain inclination angle, with the relationship between illumination condition and the disagreement rate following a V-shaped curve that varied among sites. The lowest disagreement rate occurred when illumination condition was slightly smaller than that of a horizontal field. The correction for topographic illumination should be considered as a standard pre-processing step for land cover classification and land use change detection, especially for mountainous areas. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Tan, Bin] Earth Resources Technol Inc, Laurel, MD 20707 USA. [Tan, Bin; Masek, Jeffrey G.; Wolfe, Robert; Ederer, Greg] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Gao, Feng] ARS, USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Huang, Chengquan; Vermote, Eric F.; Sexton, Joseph O.] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Sexton, Joseph O.] Sigma Space Corp, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. [Ederer, Greg] Univ Maryland, Global Land Cover Facil, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Tan, B (reprint author), NASA, GSFC, Code 619, Laurel, MD 20707 USA. EM bin.tan@nasa.gov RI Wolfe, Robert/E-1485-2012; Masek, Jeffrey/D-7673-2012; OI Wolfe, Robert/0000-0002-0915-1855; Huang, Chengquan/0000-0003-0055-9798 FU NASA Terrestrial Ecology Program; NASA MEASURES Program FX Support for this research was provided by the NASA Terrestrial Ecology Program and the NASA MEASURES Program. Thanks for three reviewers' useful and constructive comments. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 31 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 62 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 136 BP 469 EP 483 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2013.05.013 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 186PC UT WOS:000322055600038 ER PT J AU Rodgers, J Delhom, C Hinchliffe, D Kim, HJ Cui, XL AF Rodgers, James Delhom, Chris Hinchliffe, Doug Kim, Hee Jin Cui, Xiaoliang TI A rapid measurement for cotton breeders of maturity and fineness from developing and mature fibers SO TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Cotton; breeder variety; maturity; fineness; image analysis AB The Cottonscope simultaneously measures a cotton fiber's maturity and fineness using a small amount of fiber sample. A program of testing was devised to establish the potential and capabilities of the Cottonscope to rapidly and accurately measure maturity and fineness of small quantities of near-isogenic cotton lines (NILs), and to examine the use of the Cottonscope maturity distributions for breeder applications. Cottonscope measurements were performed on mature and immature fibers of varying days post-anthesis (DPA) from two pairs of NILs (MD 52ne versus MD 90ne; TM-1 versus the low maturity im). The patterns of cotton maturity and fineness during cotton fiber development of each NIL measured by the Cottonscope were compared to those measured by more conventional methods (e.g. the Advanced Fiber Information System (AFIS), an older and currently more widely used method). The Cottonscope maturity and fineness results were much more responsive to increasing DPA than the AFIS results, and the patterns of Cottonscope maturity values were consistent with those of the Fibronaire micronaire. Comparisons of the Cottonscope maturity distributions among the NILs demonstrated that the maturity distribution for im was very different and exhibited much lower maturity values compared to the distributions of other lines. The results demonstrated that the Cottonscope is an efficient instrument for cotton breeders to monitor fiber maturity and fineness of developing and mature cotton fibers. C1 [Rodgers, James; Delhom, Chris; Hinchliffe, Doug; Kim, Hee Jin; Cui, Xiaoliang] USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, Washington, DC USA. RP Rodgers, J (reprint author), USDA ARS SRRC, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM james.rodgers@ars.usda.gov FU Cotton Incorporated (Cary, NC) [58-6435-2-671] FX This research was partially funded by Cotton Incorporated (Cary, NC) under project number 58-6435-2-671. NR 24 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 11 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0040-5175 J9 TEXT RES J JI Text. Res. J. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 83 IS 14 BP 1439 EP 1451 DI 10.1177/0040517512471744 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Textiles SC Materials Science GA 189BU UT WOS:000322242800001 ER PT J AU Vieira, LC Salom, SM Montgomery, ME Kok, LT AF Vieira, L. C. Salom, S. M. Montgomery, M. E. Kok, L. T. TI Field-cage evaluation of the survival, feeding and reproduction of Laricobius osakensis (Coleoptera: Derodontidae), a predator of Adelges tsugae (Hemiptera: Adelgidae) SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Biological control; Field cages; Predation; Laricobius osakensis; Adelges tsugae; Hemlock woolly adelgid ID EASTERN NORTH-AMERICA; NIGRINUS COLEOPTERA; RESISTANCE; RELEASE; JAPAN; DNA AB The hemlock woolly adelgid, Adelges tsugae Annand, is a serious, non-native pest of hemlock in eastern North America. Laricobius osakensis Montgomery and Shiyake was identified as a key predator in Japan, where A. tsugae is native. Performance of adult and immature stages of L. osakensis was evaluated in sleeve cages on adelgid infested Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carriere in plant hardiness zones 5b and 6b in the mountains of southwestern Virginia, USA. Adults fed on the adelgid and laid eggs during all biweekly sample periods from December 2010 to May 2011, including winter when the temperature averaged below 0 degrees C. In cages with one adult pair (one male and one female), predation of A. tsugae/predator was 0.3-0.9/day during December and January, increased to 2.5/day in February, and then declined to 0.15/day in early May. The oviposition rate lagged the changes in feeding by 2-4 weeks, increasing from 0.02 eggs/day, from December to mid-January, to a peak of 1.5 eggs/day in early April, then declining to 0.4 eggs/day in late April. Mortality was 20% in cages left undisturbed for two months during the winter; even though temperatures were as low as -18 degrees C (cages examined biweekly had higher mortality, likely due to disturbance). In cages left undisturbed for two months during winter or early spring, 34 and 37 progeny were recovered, respectively. During each bimonthly period, a pair of adults and their progeny consumed 2.5 and 2.4 adult adelgids or ovisacs per day, respectively. Twenty-eight days after eggs were placed in the cages (on 11 March or 27 April 2012), 48% and 95% of the recovered larvae had reached maturity and each larva had destroyed 43 and 39 ovisacs, respectively. This research indicates that L. osakensis may have the potential to be an effective biological control agent of A. tsugae in most of the area where it is a pest in the eastern US. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Vieira, L. C.; Salom, S. M.; Kok, L. T.] Virginia Tech, Dept Entomol, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Montgomery, M. E.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Hamden, CT 06514 USA. RP Vieira, LC (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Entomol, 216 Price Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM lcotavieira@gmail.com RI Cota Vieira, Ligia/F-5239-2013; Kok, Loke/G-9922-2016 OI Cota Vieira, Ligia/0000-0001-6264-3800; Kok, Loke/0000-0002-5734-3472 NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 24 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 EI 1090-2112 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD SEP PY 2013 VL 66 IS 3 BP 195 EP 203 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2013.05.004 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 183OP UT WOS:000321826600007 ER PT J AU Restaino, JC Peterson, DL AF Restaino, Joseph C. Peterson, David L. TI Wildfire and fuel treatment effects on forest carbon dynamics in the western United States SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Review DE Carbon; Wildfire; Prescribed fire; Fuel treatments ID PONDEROSA PINE FORESTS; GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS; MIXED-CONIFER FORESTS; SIERRA-NEVADA; WOOD PRODUCTS; FIRE SEVERITY; THINNING TREATMENT; NORTHERN ARIZONA; PAPER PRODUCTS; WILDLAND FIRES AB Sequestration of carbon (C) in forests has the potential to mitigate the effects of climate change by offsetting future emissions of greenhouse gases. However, in dry temperate forests, wildfire is a natural disturbance agent with the potential to release large fluxes of C into the atmosphere. Climate-driven increases in wildfire extent and severity are expected to increase the risks of reversal to C stores and affect the potential of dry forests to sequester C. In the western United States, fuel treatments that successfully reduce surface fuels in dry forests can mitigate the spread and severity of wildfire, while reducing both tree mortality and emissions from wildfire. However, heterogeneous burn environments, site-specific variability in post-fire ecosystem response, and uncertainty in future fire frequency and extent complicate assessments of long-term (decades to centuries) C dynamics across large landscapes. Results of studies on the effects of fuel treatments and wildfires on long-term C retention across large landscapes are limited and equivocal. Stand-scale studies, empirical and modeled, describe a wide range of total treatment costs (12-116 Mg C ha(-1)) and reductions in wildfire emissions between treated and untreated stands (1-40 Mg C ha(-1)). Conclusions suggest the direction (source, sink) and magnitude of net C effects from fuel treatments are similarly variable (-33 Mg C ha(-1) to +3 Mg C ha(-1)). Studies at large spatial and temporal scales suggest that there is a low likelihood of high-severity wildfire events interacting with treated forests, negating any expected C benefit from fuels reduction. The frequency, extent, and severity of wildfire are expected to increase as a result of changing climate, and additional information on C response to management and disturbance scenarios is needed improve the accuracy and usefulness of assessments of fuel treatment and wildfire effects on C dynamics. (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Restaino, Joseph C.] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Peterson, David L.] Pacific NW Res Stn, US Forest Serv, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. RP Restaino, JC (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Box 352100, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM restaino@uw.edu NR 124 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 6 U2 107 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD SEP 1 PY 2013 VL 303 BP 46 EP 60 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.03.043 PG 15 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 177WH UT WOS:000321405600006 ER PT J AU Flower, CE Knight, KS Rebbeck, J Gonzalez-Meler, MA AF Flower, Charles E. Knight, Kathleen S. Rebbeck, Joanne Gonzalez-Meler, Miguel A. TI The relationship between the emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis) and ash (Fraxinus spp.) tree decline: Using visual canopy condition assessments and leaf isotope measurements to assess pest damage SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Fraxinus; Emerald ash borer; Canopy condition; Stable isotope; Carbon; Water stress ID DISCRIMINATION; DIEBACK; FOREST; FAIRMAIRE; MORTALITY; INVASION; STATES AB Ash trees (Fraxinus spp.) in North America are being severely impacted by the invasive emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire) which was inadvertently introduced to the US in the 1990s from Asia. The emerald ash borer (EAB) is a phloem boring beetle which relies exclusively on ash trees to complete its life cycle. Larvae feed in the cambial tissue forming serpentine galleries that may girdle the tree, causing mortality in as little as two years. Although larval feeding is thought to be the cause of rapid tree mortality, the relationship between tree-level water stress and EAB larval activity has never been quantified. Identifying symptoms of an emerald ash borer outbreak at an early stage can facilitate informed management decisions. Although a user-friendly system of ash canopy condition rating has been used extensively to study EAB impacts, the mechanistic relationship between canopy ratings and EAB larval activity has not been quantified. The objective of this research was to use the stable carbon isotopic composition of canopy leaf tissue (foliar delta C-13, a proxy of tree level water stress) to quantify the mechanism by which EAB causes tree mortality and to relate this mechanism to the ash canopy condition rating system. We found that as the canopy condition was rated as less healthy, EAB density and gallery cover increased, and foliar delta C-13 became more enriched as well. The rating system was able to identify trees in early stages of EAB infestation with relatively low levels of EAB (<20% gallery cover or < 40 EAB/m(2)). We also found that foliar delta C-13 and EAB larval gallery cover exhibited a significant positive correlation. These results suggest that as EAB larval feeding occurs, the tree canopy exhibits thinning, and as feeding continues the tree experiences chronic water stress and canopy dieback occurs. This study highlights the usefulness of the ash canopy condition rating system as a proxy of emerald ash borer densities at the tree level. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Flower, Charles E.; Gonzalez-Meler, Miguel A.] Univ Illinois, Dept Biol Sci Mc 066, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Flower, Charles E.; Knight, Kathleen S.; Rebbeck, Joanne] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. RP Flower, CE (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Biol Sci Mc 066, 845 West Taylor St, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. EM cflowe3@uic.edu; ksnight@fs.fed.us; jrebbeck@fs.fed.us; mmeler@uic.edu OI Gonzalez-Meler, Miquel/0000-0001-5388-7969; Flower, Charles/0000-0002-8148-6457 FU National Science Foundation [DGE-0549245]; University of Illinois at Chicago; USFS NRS Civil Rights Diversity Special Projects Fund FX We thank T. Fox, J. Jolliff, and K. Costilow for their field assistance. Additionally we would like to thank D. Bogard and the 7th and 8th grade Advanced Science students at Dempsey Middle School in Delaware, OH for their assistance with data collection throughout the course of this project. We would also like to thank J. Stanovick for statistical review and T. Hutchinson and T. Macy for their helpful comments. This research was supported by the National Science Foundation Grant DGE-0549245, "Landscape Ecological and Anthropogenic Processes", the University of Illinois at Chicago (Hadley grant and Provost Fellowship), and the USFS NRS Civil Rights Diversity Special Projects Fund. NR 37 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 5 U2 123 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD SEP 1 PY 2013 VL 303 BP 143 EP 147 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.04.017 PG 5 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 177WH UT WOS:000321405600015 ER PT J AU Williams, MR Kim, DY AF Williams, Matthew R. Kim, Dong-Yun TI A test for abrupt change in hazard regression models with Weibull baselines SO JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL PLANNING AND INFERENCE LA English DT Article DE Change point; Hazard regression; Likelihood ratio test; Local asymptotic normality ID CHANGE-POINT AB We develop a likelihood ratio test for an abrupt change point in Weibull hazard functions with covariates, including the two-piece constant hazard as a special case. We first define the log-likelihood ratio test statistic as the supremum of the profile log-likelihood ratio process over the interval which may contain an unknown change point. Using local asymptotic normality (LAN) and empirical measure, we show that the profile log-likelihood ratio process converges weakly to a quadratic form of Gaussian processes. We determine the critical values of the test and discuss how the test can be used for model selection. We also illustrate the method using the Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD) data. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Williams, Matthew R.; Kim, Dong-Yun] Virginia Tech, Dept Stat, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Williams, Matthew R.] Natl Agr Stat Serv, Div Res & Dev, USDA, Fairfax, VA USA. RP Williams, MR (reprint author), Natl Agr Stat Serv, Div Res & Dev, USDA, Fairfax, VA USA. EM Matt.Williams@nass.usda.gov; dongyunkim@vt.edu FU Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science (ICTAS) Doctoral Scholars Program at Virginia Tech; National Science Foundation Biocomplexity of Coupled Human and Natural Systems Program [BCS-0709671] FX The first author was sponsored through the Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science (ICTAS) Doctoral Scholars Program at Virginia Tech. The work of the second author was partially supported as part of the National Science Foundation Biocomplexity of Coupled Human and Natural Systems Program, Award No. BCS-0709671. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3758 J9 J STAT PLAN INFER JI J. Stat. Plan. Infer. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 143 IS 9 BP 1566 EP 1574 DI 10.1016/j.jspi.2013.04.006 PG 9 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA 180ML UT WOS:000321599200014 ER PT J AU Stern, MJ Predmore, SA Morse, WC Seesholtz, DN AF Stern, Marc J. Predmore, S. Andrew Morse, Wayde C. Seesholtz, David N. TI Project risk and appeals in US Forest Service planning SO ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REVIEW LA English DT Article DE Appeals; National Environmental Policy Act; Project risk; Public involvement; Teams; US Forest Service ID TOP MANAGEMENT TEAMS; ADMINISTRATIVE APPEALS; PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT; LEADERSHIP; PARTICIPATION; COLLABORATION; PERCEPTIONS; CONFLICT; MODEL AB The National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) requires U.S. Forest Service planning processes to be conducted by interdisciplinary teams of resource specialists to analyze and disclose the likely environmental impacts of proposed natural resource management actions on Forest Service lands. Multiple challenges associated with these processes have been a source of frustration for the agency. One of these challenges involves administrative appeals through which public entities can challenge a Forest Service decision following a NEPA process. These appeals instigate an internal review process and can result in an affirmation of the Forest Service decision, a reversal of that decision, or additional work that re-initiates all or part of the NEPA process. We examine the best predictors of appeals and their outcomes on a representative sample of 489 Forest Service NEPA processes that were decided between 2007 and 2009. While certain factors associated with pre-existing social contexts (such as a history of controversy) or pre-determined elements of a proposed action (such as the extraction of forest products) predispose certain processes to a higher risk of appeals, other practices and process-related strategies within the control of the agency also appear to bear meaningful influence on the occurrence of appeals and their outcomes. Appeals and their outcomes were most strongly related to programmatic, structural (turnover of personnel in particular), and relationship risks (both internal and external) within the processes, suggesting the need for greater focus within the agency on cultivating positive internal and external relationships to manage the risk of appeals. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Stern, Marc J.] Virginia Tech, Dept Forest Resources & Environm Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Predmore, S. Andrew] So Illinois Univ, Publ Affairs Ctr, Dept Environm Studies, Springfield, IL 62703 USA. [Morse, Wayde C.] Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Seesholtz, David N.] US Forest Serv, Focused Sci Delivery Program, Pacific Northwest Res Stn, USDA, Boise, ID 83709 USA. RP Stern, MJ (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Forest Resources & Environm Conservat, 304 Cheatham Hall 0324, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM mjstern@vt.edu; spred2@uis.edu; morsewc@auburn.edu; dseesholtz@fs.fed.us OI Stern, Marc/0000-0002-0294-8941 NR 52 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0195-9255 EI 1873-6432 J9 ENVIRON IMPACT ASSES JI Environ. Impact Assess. Rev. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 42 BP 95 EP 104 DI 10.1016/j.eiar.2012.11.001 PG 10 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 172RT UT WOS:000321023300012 ER PT J AU Mullen, CA Boateng, AA Reichenbach, SE AF Mullen, Charles A. Boateng, Akwasi A. Reichenbach, Stephen E. TI Hydrotreating of fast pyrolysis oils from protein-rich pennycress seed presscake SO FUEL LA English DT Article DE Proteinaceous biomass; Bio-oil upgrading; Hydrotreating; Precious metal catalysts ID BIO-OIL; L. AB The fast pyrolysis oils produced from proteinaceous biomass, such as pennycress presscake differ significantly from those produced from biomass with mostly lignocellulosic composition. Those from proteinaceous biomass tend to be deoxygenated, contain more nitrogen, be less acidic and be more stable. Because their composition is different, their behavior in and products from upgrading via hydrotreating will be different. We studied the mild batch hydrogenation of the pyrolysis oil produced from pennycress presscake at similar to 13.8 MPa (138 bar) H-2 and 320 degrees C over five precious metal on charcoal catalysts: two Ru/C catalysts, two Pd/C catalysts, and one Pt/C catalyst. The liquid products were characterized by elemental analysis, GC x GC/MS and NMR. The Ru catalysts were most effective at further deoxygenating the pyrolysis oils, with the Pd catalyst slightly less effective, and the Pt catalyst the least effective. None of the catalysts were highly effective for hydrodenitrogenation, though among them Pt removed the most nitrogen from the liquids. Using the best catalysts, an upgraded pyrolysis oil containing <15 wt% total heteroatom content (O + N + S) with an HHV of 37.0 MJ/mg was realized. Compared with wood pyrolysis oils upgraded at similar conditions, the upgraded pyrolysis oils from pennycress presscake had lower oxygen and total heteroatom (O, N, and S) content, had higher energy content and were closer compositionally to petroleum. The products were very rich in long aliphatic hydrocarbon chains; these large aliphatic moieties were present in both purely hydrocarbon compounds and in heteroatom containing compounds especially alkyl amides. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Mullen, Charles A.; Boateng, Akwasi A.] USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Reichenbach, Stephen E.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. RP Mullen, CA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM charles.mullen@ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 5 U2 43 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0016-2361 J9 FUEL JI Fuel PD SEP PY 2013 VL 111 BP 797 EP 804 DI 10.1016/j.fuel.2013.04.075 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 172WT UT WOS:000321037600096 ER PT J AU Li, RP Shi, HB Flerchinger, GN Zou, CX Li, ZZ AF Li, Ruiping Shi, Haibin Flerchinger, G. N. Zou, Chunxia Li, Zhengzhong TI Modeling the effect of antecedent soil water storage on water and heat status in seasonally freezing and thawing agricultural soils SO GEODERMA LA English DT Article DE Antecedent soil water content storage; Freezing-thawing soils; Water and heat; SHAW model ID SHAW MODEL; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; SIMULATION; MOISTURE; FLOW AB Taking the Inner Mongolia Hetao Irrigation District (IMHID) agricultural production region as a background and based on field data and local meteorological data, the influence of antecedent soil water storage (ASWS) on water and heat status was simulated and analyzed using the SHAW model during the seasonal freezing-thawing period. The results showed that the amount of ASWS prior to soil freezing can influence the depth of freezing and penetration of low temperatures. When ASWS within the surface 1 m is less than or equal to 150 mm, soil water storage (SWS) was always increasing over the winter period. However, for ASWS greater than 150 mm, SWS went through 3 phases: at first it decreased, later it increased, and eventually it decreased again. During soil freezing, the amount of upward water transfer made up the deficit caused by evaporation and percolation for ASWS less than or equal to 150 mm. Conversely, the amount of percolation was greater than that of upward transfer for ASWS greater than 150 mm. During soil thawing, water continued to transfer from lower soil layers to upper layers and overtook evaporation and percolation for ASWS less than or equal to 210 mm. However, the amount of evaporation and percolation was greater than the upward transfer for ASWS larger 210 mm. These results may be used to assist in appropriate irrigation scheme in autumn, agricultural irrigation water management and research on reducing soil secondary salinization. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Li, Ruiping; Shi, Haibin; Zou, Chunxia] Inner Mongolia Agr Univ, Coll Water Conservancy & Civil Engn, Hohhot 010018, Inner Mongolia, Peoples R China. [Flerchinger, G. N.] ARS, Northwest Watershed Res Ctr, USDA, Boise, ID 83712 USA. [Li, Zhengzhong] Inner Mongolia Hetao Irrigat Dist Jiefangzha Dept, Shanba 015400, Inner Mongolia, Peoples R China. RP Shi, HB (reprint author), Inner Mongolia Agr Univ, Coll Water Conservancy & Civil Engn, 306 Zhaowuda Rd, Hohhot 010018, Inner Mongolia, Peoples R China. EM shi_haibin@sohu.com FU Inner Mongolia Natural Science Foundation [200508010303, 2011BS0301]; key projects in the National Science &Technology Pillar Treatment [2007BAD88B04, 2011BAD29B03]; Science & Technology Innovation Team Foundation of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, China [NDTD2010-7] FX Support for this research was provided by the Inner Mongolia Natural Science Foundation (200508010303, 2011BS0301), key projects in the National Science &Technology Pillar Treatment (2007BAD88B04, 2011BAD29B03), and the Science & Technology Innovation Team Foundation of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, China (NDTD2010-7). The authors are grateful to the Shahaoqu experimental station, Inner Mongolia Hetao Irrigation District Jiefangzha Department, China. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 38 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0016-7061 J9 GEODERMA JI Geoderma PD SEP PY 2013 VL 206 BP 70 EP 74 DI 10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.04.021 PG 5 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 173MW UT WOS:000321084600008 ER PT J AU Pope, KL Hannelly, EC AF Pope, Karen L. Hannelly, Erin C. TI Response of benthic macroinvertebrates to whole-lake, non-native fish treatments in mid-elevation lakes of the Trinity Alps, California SO HYDROBIOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Aquatic insects; Introduced trout; Habitat complexity; Libellula; Chironomidae; Klamath Mountains ID COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; INTRODUCED TROUT; MOUNTAIN LAKES; EXPERIMENTAL MANIPULATIONS; MAYFLY METAPOPULATION; FOOD-WEB; PREDATION; PREY; RESILIENCE; GRADIENT AB Introduced fish reduce the abundance and diversity of native aquatic fauna, but the effect can be reduced in complex habitats. We manipulated fish populations in forested mountain lakes to determine whether or not fish affected benthic macroinvertebrate composition across lakes with differing habitat complexity. We compared abundance, biomass, body-length, and community structure of benthic macroinvertebrates from 16 lakes with three treatments (fish stocked, suspended stocking, fish removed) and unstocked fishless "controls". Over 4 years, we assessed the relative importance of fish and environmental variables influencing the composition of benthic macroinvertebrates. Control lakes had the greatest overall abundance of macroinvertebrates when chironomid midges were excluded. Abundances of insects in the clinger/swimmer functional group and caddisflies were greatest in the control lakes but were primarily influenced by habitat variables including the availability of aquatic vegetation and wood. Total biomass and mean body length of macroinvertebrates were not affected by treatment. Taxon richness of macroinvertebrates was about 40% greater in the control lakes compared to the treatment lakes but did not differ among treatments. Our results suggest that fish reduce susceptible macroinvertebrate richness and abundances, but that changes associated with alterations of fish composition are confounded by other factors in complex lake habitats. C1 [Pope, Karen L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Hannelly, Erin C.] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. RP Pope, KL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, 1700 Bayview Dr, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. EM kpope@fs.fed.us FU CDFG (ESA Section 6) [E-2-F-21, E-2-F-27]; National Science Foundation [DEB 0415505]; UC Water Resources Center [W-987]; UC Davis Wildlife Health Center; US Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station FX We thank all the excellent field assistants who helped collect the data. M. Larson and M. Camann provided assistance with insect identification and G. Hodgson and M. Camann provided statistical help. G Hodgson helped with tables and figures. B. Harvey, D. Troxel, M. Mesler and M. Camann and two anonymous reviewers offered helpful comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. S. Lawler provided insight and expertise throughout the field phase of the project. Thanks to CDFW, especially B Bolster and E Pert for their endorsement and logistical support of the project. This research was funded by CDFG (ESA Section 6 grants E-2-F-21 and E-2-F-27), the National Science Foundation (DEB 0415505), UC Water Resources Center (W-987), and the UC Davis Wildlife Health Center. KLP received additional support from the US Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station. NR 59 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 50 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0018-8158 J9 HYDROBIOLOGIA JI Hydrobiologia PD SEP PY 2013 VL 714 IS 1 BP 201 EP 215 DI 10.1007/s10750-013-1537-2 PG 15 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 170IH UT WOS:000320843100018 ER EF