FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Ferrier, P Buzby, JC AF Ferrier, Peyton Buzby, Jean C. TI The limits of food safety testing: A case study of Escherichia coli testing of beef trim SO FOOD CONTROL LA English DT Review DE Escherichia coli O157:H7; Testing; Beef trim; Process control; Filtering; FSIS ID UNITED-STATES; GROUND-BEEF; PREHARVEST INTERVENTIONS; ECONOMIC-EFFICIENCY; INSPECTION POLICY; SAMPLING SIZE; ILLNESS; O157; PATHOGENS; CATTLE AB Beef trim, the primary component of ground beef, is tested by both the Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) and meat packers for Escherichia coli O157:H7 under a zero tolerance standard. We compare and contrast the process control and filtering roles of this testing on costs and food safety outcomes. Both of these roles of testing have been alternatively emphasized in recent legislative proposals and policy statements on beef trim testing. In the process control role, test design - including the decisions to increase sample sizes, re-test lots, and change tolerance thresholds - only affects the cost of implementing a targeted food safety standard, but does not directly affect health outcomes. In contrast, in the filtering role, test design influences the likelihood of errors and directly affects health outcomes. Neither role eliminates all risk from this pathogen. More broadly, we discuss the incentives food producers face to increase their frequency of testing and improve food safety processes in response to positive test findings as the process control role emphasizes. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Ferrier, Peyton; Buzby, Jean C.] USDA, Econ Res Serv, Markets Trade & Econ Div, Washington, DC 20520 USA. RP Ferrier, P (reprint author), USDA, Econ Res Serv, Markets Trade & Econ Div, 1400 Independence Ave SW,Mail Stop 1800, Washington, DC 20520 USA. EM pferrier@ers.usda.gov NR 47 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0956-7135 EI 1873-7129 J9 FOOD CONTROL JI Food Control PD APR PY 2014 VL 38 BP 227 EP 234 DI 10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.10.028 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AA0WQ UT WOS:000330818500033 ER PT J AU Braccia, A Eggert, SL King, N AF Braccia, A. Eggert, S. L. King, N. TI Macroinvertebrate colonization dynamics on artificial substrates along an algal resource gradient SO HYDROBIOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Functional feeding groups; Chlorophyll a; Periphyton; Nutrients; Agriculture; Riparian canopy ID CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; STREAM ECOSYSTEM; LOTIC MACROINVERTEBRATES; MACRO-INVERTEBRATES; NUTRIENT CRITERIA; CADDISFLY LARVAE; AQUATIC INSECTS; MAYFLY NYMPHS; PATTERNS; DISTURBANCE AB Riparian canopy removal and land use may introduce multiple stressors that can alter food and habitat for stream organisms, but the influence of these alterations on macroinvertebrate colonization dynamics is less well known. A field study involving the simultaneous placement and removal of artificial substrates was performed to examine how macroinvertebrate colonization rates might vary with algal accumulation within a perennial stream segment in eastern Ohio, USA. The study was conducted over a 60-day summer colonization period in three reaches that were selected to represent an algal resource gradient according to canopy cover and agricultural nutrient sources in the riparian corridor. Total nitrogen, water temperatures, and mean algal biomass from substrates increased along the resource gradient represented by the study sites. Total macroinvertebrate biomass and the abundance and biomass of scrapers also increased according to the gradient. Correlation results indicated that chlorophyll a biomass, rather than time or temperature, was better related to the abundance and biomass of most primary consumers on substrates. These results suggest that the combined effects of elevated temperatures and nutrients can result in relatively rapid algal accrual that may alter the colonization and establishment of macroinvertebrate communities in streams subjected to gradients of riparian disturbances. C1 [Braccia, A.] Eastern Kentucky Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Richmond, KY 40475 USA. [Eggert, S. L.] USDA, Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. [King, N.] Bucknell Univ, Dept Biol, Lewisburg, PA 17837 USA. RP Braccia, A (reprint author), Eastern Kentucky Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Richmond, KY 40475 USA. EM amy.braccia@eku.edu FU James H. Barrow Field Station at Hiram College FX This work was supported by the James H. Barrow Field Station at Hiram College through a generous gift from the Paul and Maxine Frohring Foundation. We are especially grateful for the hospitality of a private landowner and assistance from students and staff at the field station. We thank Doris Nelson and John Larson of the USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station for assistance with water chemistry analyses, Tom Koehnle and Matt Hils for assistance in the field, and Bob Butler and Daniel Douglas for their comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript. NR 76 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 69 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0018-8158 EI 1573-5117 J9 HYDROBIOLOGIA JI Hydrobiologia PD APR PY 2014 VL 727 IS 1 BP 1 EP 18 DI 10.1007/s10750-013-1779-z PG 18 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA AA3BM UT WOS:000330967900001 ER PT J AU Derpsch, R Franzluebbers, AJ Duiker, SW Reicosky, DC Koeller, K Friedrich, T Sturny, WG Sa, JCM Weiss, K AF Derpsch, R. Franzluebbers, A. J. Duiker, S. W. Reicosky, D. C. Koeller, K. Friedrich, T. Sturny, W. G. Sa, J. C. M. Weiss, K. TI Why do we need to standardize no-tillage research? SO SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SOIL ORGANIC-CARBON; WATER STORAGE; CROP-ROTATION; UNITED-STATES; SEQUESTRATION; RESIDUE; MANAGEMENT; SYSTEM; NITROGEN; IMPACT AB No-tillage is looked upon by many as a way to enable sustainable cropping intensification to meet future agricultural demands. Although no-tillage suggests merely the absence of tillage, in reality several components need to be applied to a conservation agriculture system to guarantee equal or higher yields and better environmental performance than with conventional tillage systems. No-tillage/conservation agriculture systems research has now been performed for more than half a century in many countries around the world, primarily for economic reasons, but also to reduce labour and energy consumption and improve environmental outcomes. However, an integrated approach to understanding this system requires standardized research methodology based on site-specific conditions. We contend that broad understanding is lacking of what conservation agriculture systems research means. This has led to a situation of conflicting research results because different technologies, methodologies, and definitions of conservation agriculture systems have been applied. The term no-tillage has been used despite considerable soil movement in the previous crop, to inject fertilizer or to establish the current crop. Similarly, the term no-tillage has been used for systems with very little or no crop mulch cover, extended fallow periods, alternating tillage and no-tillage, or crops grown in monoculture. By not performing no-tillage research in a systems approach, many problems can be encountered such as reduced yields, high erosion, low infiltration, elevated fertilizer and high pesticide use. Materials and methods in an experiment are often not descriptive enough to unveil peculiarities. By analysing the function of components of conservation agriculture systems in monofactorial experiments, synergetic interactions among components can be overlooked. In this editorial, we discuss the need to thoroughly describe materials and methods to avoid confusing interpretations of results. We contend that standardization of research methodologies in no-tillage/conservation agriculture systems is needed based on a thorough description of the whole system so that results from different researchers and regions of the world can be logically compared. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Derpsch, R.] Int Consultant Conservat Agriculture No Till, Asuncion, Paraguay. [Franzluebbers, A. J.] USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Duiker, S. W.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Reicosky, D. C.] N Cent Soil Conservat Res Lab, Morris, MN 56267 USA. [Koeller, K.] Univ Hohenheim, Inst Agrartech, D-70593 Stuttgart, Germany. [Friedrich, T.] Representac FAO Cuba, FAO Representat Cuba, Havana, Cuba. [Sturny, W. G.] SWISS NO TILL & Bemese Soil Conservat Serv, CH-3052 Zollikofen, Switzerland. [Sa, J. C. M.] Univ Estadual Ponta Grossa, Dept Soil Sci & Agr Engn, BR-84030000 Ponta Grossa, Brazil. [Weiss, K.] Landratsamt Tubingen, D-72072 Tubingen, Germany. RP Franzluebbers, AJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, 3218 Williams Hall NCSU Campus Box 7619, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM rolf.derpsch@tigo.com.py; alan.franzluebbers@ars.usda.gov; sduiker@psu.edu; don.reicosky@gmail.com; koeller@uni-hohenheim.de; Theodor.Friedrich@fao.org; sturny@no-till.ch; jcmoraessa@yahoo.com.br; K.Weiss@kreis-tuebingen.de RI Sa, Joao Carlos/P-8280-2016 OI Sa, Joao Carlos/0000-0003-1502-5537 NR 50 TC 43 Z9 47 U1 22 U2 102 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-1987 EI 1879-3444 J9 SOIL TILL RES JI Soil Tillage Res. PD APR PY 2014 VL 137 BP 16 EP 22 DI 10.1016/j.still.2013.10.002 PG 7 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA AA3WB UT WOS:000331024800003 ER PT J AU Wang, Y Li, X Sun, G Li, D Pan, ZL AF Wang, Yong Li, Xuan Sun, Gang Li, Dong Pan, Zhongli TI A comparison of dynamic mechanical properties of processing-tomato peel as affected by hot lye and infrared radiation heating for peeling SO JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Dynamic mechanical analysis; Frequency sweep; Temperature scan; Creep behavior; Infrared radiation; Tomato peel ID RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES; MATHEMATICAL-MODEL; FRUIT CUTICLES; SKIN; GUM; ATTRIBUTES AB This study investigated the viscoelastic characteristics of tomato skins subjected to conventional hot lye peeling and emerging infrared-dry peeling by using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Three DMA testing modes, including temperature ramp, frequency sweep, and creep behavior test, were conducted to evaluate the transition temperatures and dynamic moduli of tomato peels heated by infrared radiation and hot lye at four heating durations (30, 45, 60, and 75 s). Fresh tomato peels were used as a control. Results showed that dynamic moduli of tomato peels were sensitive to temperature ramp and frequency sweep tests. Over a temperature range from 20 degrees C to 100 degrees C, transition temperatures of infrared treated peels (63-72 degrees C) and lye treated peels (43-75 degrees C) were significantly lower than those of fresh control (similar to 88 degrees C). Values of both storage and loss moduli of infrared heated peels were considerably higher than those of the fresh control, whereas values of the storage and loss moduli from the lye peeled samples were lower than those of fresh peels. DMA tests effectively differentiated the viscoelastic behaviors of tomato peels and indicated mechanistic differences between the lye peeling and infrared dry-peeling. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, Yong; Li, Xuan; Pan, Zhongli] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Wang, Yong] COFCO, COFCO Nutr & Hlth Res Inst, Beijing 100020, Peoples R China. [Sun, Gang] Univ Calif Davis, Div Text & Clothing, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Li, Dong] China Agr Univ, Coll Engn, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. [Pan, Zhongli] ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Pan, ZL (reprint author), USDA ARS WRAC, Proc Foods Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM zhongli.pan@ars.usda.gov RI Li, Xuan/J-5786-2015; Wang, Yong/G-8244-2016 OI Wang, Yong/0000-0003-3744-912X NR 42 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0260-8774 EI 1873-5770 J9 J FOOD ENG JI J. Food Eng. PD APR PY 2014 VL 126 BP 27 EP 34 DI 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2013.10.032 PG 8 WC Engineering, Chemical; Food Science & Technology SC Engineering; Food Science & Technology GA 304KL UT WOS:000330745700004 ER PT J AU Valles, SM Bell, S Firth, AE AF Valles, Steven M. Bell, Susanne Firth, Andrew E. TI Solenopsis invicta virus 3: Mapping of Structural Proteins, Ribosomal Frameshifting, and Similarities to Acyrthosiphon pisum virus and Kelp fly virus SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID HEMORRHAGIC-DISEASE VIRUS; TRANSLATION TERMINATION-REINITIATION; FELINE CALICIVIRUS; CAPSID PROTEIN; RNA VIRUSES; STRUCTURE PREDICTION; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; SOLENOPSIS-INVICTA; YELLOWS LUTEOVIRUS; MURINE NOROVIRUS AB Solenopsis invicta virus 3 (SINV-3) is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus that infects the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta. We show that the second open reading frame (ORF) of the dicistronic genome is expressed via a frameshifting mechanism and that the sequences encoding the structural proteins map to both ORF2 and the 3' end of ORF1, downstream of the sequence that encodes the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. The genome organization and structural protein expression strategy resemble those of Acyrthosiphon pisum virus (APV), an aphid virus. The capsid protein that is encoded by the 3' end of ORF1 in SINV-3 and APV is predicted to have a jelly-roll fold similar to the capsid proteins of picornaviruses and caliciviruses. The capsid-extension protein that is produced by frameshifting, includes the jelly-roll fold domain encoded by ORF1 as its N-terminus, while the C-terminus encoded by the 5' half of ORF2 has no clear homology with other viral structural proteins. A third protein, encoded by the 3' half of ORF2, is associated with purified virions at substoichiometric ratios. Although the structural proteins can be translated from the genomic RNA, we show that SINV-3 also produces a subgenomic RNA encoding the structural proteins. Circumstantial evidence suggests that APV may also produce such a subgenomic RNA. Both SINV-3 and APV are unclassified picorna-like viruses distantly related to members of the order Picornavirales and the family Caliciviridae. Within this grouping, features of the genome organization and capsid domain structure of SINV-3 and APV appear more similar to caliciviruses, perhaps suggesting the basis for a "Calicivirales" order. C1 [Valles, Steven M.] ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL USA. [Bell, Susanne; Firth, Andrew E.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Pathol, Cambridge CB2 1QP, England. RP Firth, AE (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Dept Pathol, Tennis Court Rd, Cambridge CB2 1QP, England. EM aef24@cam.ac.uk OI Firth, Andrew/0000-0002-7986-9520 FU Wellcome Trust [088789]; U.K. Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) [BB/J007072/1, BB/J015652/1] FX Work in the AEF lab was funded by grants from the Wellcome Trust (www.wellcome.ac.uk) (088789) and the U.K. Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC; www.bbsrc.ac.uk) (BB/J007072/1 and BB/J015652/1). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 52 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 5 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 31 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 3 AR e93497 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0093497 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AN8GP UT WOS:000340842300015 PM 24686475 ER PT J AU Muhlsteinova, R Johansen, JR Pietrasiak, N Martin, MP Osorio-Santos, K Warren, SD AF Muehlsteinova, Radka Johansen, Jeffrey R. Pietrasiak, Nicole Martin, Michael P. Osorio-Santos, Karina Warren, Steven D. TI Polyphasic characterization of Trichocoleus desertorum sp nov (Pseudanabaenales, Cyanobacteria) from desert soils and phylogenetic placement of the genus Trichocoleus SO PHYTOTAXA LA English DT Article ID MICROCOLEUS-VAGINATUS; MICROBIOTIC CRUSTS; COLORADO PLATEAU; ATACAMA DESERT; OSCILLATORIALES; CYANOPHYCEAE; ECOSYSTEM; REVISION; 16S-23S; SEQUENCE AB Little is known about the taxonomic diversity of cyanobacteria in deserts, despite their important ecological roles in these ecosystems. In this study, cyanobacterial strains from the Atacama, Colorado, and Mojave Deserts were isolated and characterized using molecular, morphological, and ecological information. Phylogenetic placement of these strains was revealed through Bayesian and parsimony-based phylogenetic analyses utilizing sequences of the 16S rRNA gene and the associated 16S-23S ITS region. Based on the combined evidence of this polyphasic approach, a new species from desert soils morphologically corresponding to the genus Trichocoleus was described. Trichocoleus desertorum sp. nov. Muhlsteinova, Johansen et Pietrasiak was used to obtain a phylogenetic reference point for Trichocoleus, a genus so far characterized by morphological description only. Through characterization of this new taxon in desert soils we hope to contribute to the general understanding of cyanobacterial diversity in extreme arid habitats. C1 [Muehlsteinova, Radka; Johansen, Jeffrey R.; Pietrasiak, Nicole; Martin, Michael P.; Osorio-Santos, Karina] John Carroll Univ, Dept Biol, University Hts, OH 44118 USA. [Muehlsteinova, Radka; Johansen, Jeffrey R.] Univ South Bohemia, Fac Sci, Dept Bot, Ceske Budejovice 37005, Czech Republic. [Osorio-Santos, Karina] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Sci, Dept Comparat Biol, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Warren, Steven D.] USDA, Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Provo, UT 84606 USA. RP Muhlsteinova, R (reprint author), John Carroll Univ, Dept Biol, University Hts, OH 44118 USA. EM rmuhlsteinova14@jcu.edu FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0842702]; NSF [DEB-9870201, DEB-0206360]; Desert Legacy Fund; California Desert Research Program at The Community Foundation Serving the Counties of Riverside; San Bernardino FX This work was completed with support from National Science Foundation grant number DEB-0842702. Isolates from other desert regions were collected with support from NSF grant number DEB-9870201. Trichocoleus badius was isolated with support from NSF grant number DEB-0206360. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. Funds were also provided by The Desert Legacy Fund, California Desert Research Program at The Community Foundation Serving the Counties of Riverside and San Bernardino, awarded to Radka Muhlsteinova in 2013. We would like to thank Christina Vaccarino for her help with isolating and maintaining cyanobacterial cultures, and Tomas Hauer for submitting our Bayesian analysis to the MetaCentrum (www.metacentrum.cz). Two anonymous reviewers provided constructive careful reviews. Finally, we thank Maria Siegesmund for providing images and new measurements of T. sociatus SAG 26.92 and Burkhard Budel for providing new measurements of BB 92.2. NR 55 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 20 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1179-3155 EI 1179-3163 J9 PHYTOTAXA JI Phytotaxa PD MAR 31 PY 2014 VL 163 IS 5 BP 241 EP 261 PG 21 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AE3SM UT WOS:000333897300001 ER PT J AU Cote, GL Cormier, RS Vermillion, KE AF Cote, Gregory L. Cormier, Ryan S. Vermillion, Karl E. TI Glucansucrase acceptor reactions with D-mannose SO CARBOHYDRATE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Glucansucrase; Acceptor reactions; Dextransucrase; Mannose ID DEXTRANSUCRASE; OLIGOSACCHARIDES; MALTOSE AB The main acceptor product of glucansucrases with D-mannose has not previously been identified. We used glucansucrases that form water-insoluble alpha-D-glucans to produce increased yields of acceptor products from D-mannose, and identified the major product as 6-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-mannose. Glucan-sucrases that synthesize insoluble alpha-nu-glucans produced higher yields of the disaccharide compared to typical dextransucrases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Cote, Gregory L.; Cormier, Ryan S.] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Renewable Product Technol Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Vermillion, Karl E.] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Crop Bioprotect Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Cote, GL (reprint author), USDA, Agr Res Serv, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Renewable Product Technol Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM greg.cote@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture FX We would like to thank Angie Purlee and Suzanne Unser for technical assistance in the preparation and analysis of the products, and Dr. Christopher Skory for the molecular biology aspects of the enzyme preparation. This work was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0008-6215 EI 1873-426X J9 CARBOHYD RES JI Carbohydr. Res. PD MAR 31 PY 2014 VL 387 BP 1 EP 3 DI 10.1016/j.carres.2014.01.013 PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Organic SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA AD0XZ UT WOS:000332959100001 PM 24513699 ER PT J AU Qu, WJ Li, PP Hong, JH Liu, ZL Chen, YF Breksa, AP Pan, ZL AF Qu, Wenjuan Li, Pingping Hong, Jihua Liu, Zhiling Chen, Yufang Breksa, Andrew P., III Pan, Zhongli TI Thermal stability of liquid antioxidative extracts from pomegranate peel SO JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE phenolics; antioxidants; storage stability; sterilization stability; pomegranate peel extracts ID PUNICA-GRANATUM PEEL; JUICE COLOR; GRAPE JUICE; PHENOLIC COMPOSITION; CARROT JUICE; ANTHOCYANINS; STORAGE; PASTEURIZATION; EXPRESSION; DIGESTION AB BACKGROUND Liquid extracts from pomegranate peel have the potential for use as natural antioxidant products. This study investigates the quality changes of liquid extracts before and after thermal treatment during sterilization and storage. Liquid pomegranate peel extracts were prepared, sterilized under ultra-high temperature (UHT) at 121 degrees C for 10 s and then stored at three temperatures (4, 25 and 37 degrees C) for up to 180 days. The industrial, color, UV-visible spectrum profile and antioxidant (phenolics) characteristics were measured. RESULTS Thermal sterilization treatment had no negative effects on the industrial, color, spectral and antioxidant characteristics of the extracts. After 180 days, the extracts stored at 4 degrees C retained 67% of the initial total soluble phenolic content and 58% of the original scavenging activity. The major antioxidant components in the extracts (stored at 4 degrees C for 180 days) were gallic acid, punicalagin A, punicalagin B and ellagic acid having concentrations of 19.3, 197.2, 221.1 and 92.4 mg L-1, respectively. CONCLUSION The results show that liquid pomegranate peel extracts had acceptable thermal stability after sterilization and storage. The recommended storage condition of this product was low temperature. (c) 2013 Society of Chemical Industry C1 [Qu, Wenjuan; Hong, Jihua; Liu, Zhiling; Chen, Yufang; Pan, Zhongli] Jiangsu Univ, Coll Food & Biol Engn, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Li, Pingping] Jiangsu Univ, Jiangsu Prov Key Lab Modern Agr Equipment & Techn, Minist Educ, Key Lab Modern Agr Equipment & Technol, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Breksa, Andrew P., III] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Proc Foods Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Pan, Zhongli] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Qu, WJ (reprint author), Jiangsu Univ, Coll Food & Biol Engn, 301 Xuefu Rd, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM quwenjuan2005@yahoo.com.cn FU Youth Natural Science Fund of Jiangsu Province [BK2012287]; Postdoctoral Funds of Jiangsu Province [1101039C]; Senior Professional Research Start-up Fund of Jiangsu University [10JDG121]; Priority Academic Program Development (PAPD) of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions; College Students' Scientific Research Project, People's Republic of China [12A023] FX The authors wish to thank POM Wonderful LLC for providing the pomegranate marc materials, and Don Olson for preparing the pomegranate samples. The authors also wish to express their sincere thanks to the Youth Natural Science Fund of Jiangsu Province (No. BK2012287), Postdoctoral Funds of Jiangsu Province (No. 1101039C), Senior Professional Research Start-up Fund of Jiangsu University (No. 10JDG121), Priority Academic Program Development (PAPD) of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, and College Students' Scientific Research Project (No. 12A023), People's Republic of China, for their support. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 39 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-5142 EI 1097-0010 J9 J SCI FOOD AGR JI J. Sci. Food Agric. PD MAR 30 PY 2014 VL 94 IS 5 BP 1005 EP 1012 DI 10.1002/jsfa.6361 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AC4WA UT WOS:000332520600026 PM 23965817 ER PT J AU DeGiorgio, M Syring, J Eckert, AJ Liston, A Cronn, R Neale, DB Rosenberg, NA AF DeGiorgio, Michael Syring, John Eckert, Andrew J. Liston, Aaron Cronn, Richard Neale, David B. Rosenberg, Noah A. TI An empirical evaluation of two-stage species tree inference strategies using a multilocus dataset from North American pines SO BMC EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; GENE TREES; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; PHYLOGENETIC TREES; COALESCENT MODEL; BAYESIAN-ESTIMATION; RAPID RADIATION; NUCLEAR LOCI; ACCURACY; CONSENSUS AB Background: As it becomes increasingly possible to obtain DNA sequences of orthologous genes from diverse sets of taxa, species trees are frequently being inferred from multilocus data. However, the behavior of many methods for performing this inference has remained largely unexplored. Some methods have been proven to be consistent given certain evolutionary models, whereas others rely on criteria that, although appropriate for many parameter values, have peculiar zones of the parameter space in which they fail to converge on the correct estimate as data sets increase in size. Results: Here, using North American pines, we empirically evaluate the behavior of 24 strategies for species tree inference using three alternative outgroups (72 strategies total). The data consist of 120 individuals sampled in eight ingroup species from subsection Strobus and three outgroup species from subsection Gerardianae, spanning similar to 47 kilobases of sequence at 121 loci. Each "strategy" for inferring species trees consists of three features: a species tree construction method, a gene tree inference method, and a choice of outgroup. We use multivariate analysis techniques such as principal components analysis and hierarchical clustering to identify tree characteristics that are robustly observed across strategies, as well as to identify groups of strategies that produce trees with similar features. We find that strategies that construct species trees using only topological information cluster together and that strategies that use additional non-topological information (e. g., branch lengths) also cluster together. Strategies that utilize more than one individual within a species to infer gene trees tend to produce estimates of species trees that contain clades present in trees estimated by other strategies. Strategies that use the minimize-deep-coalescences criterion to construct species trees tend to produce species tree estimates that contain clades that are not present in trees estimated by the Concatenation, RTC, SMRT, STAR, and STEAC methods, and that in general are more balanced than those inferred by these other strategies. Conclusions: When constructing a species tree from a multilocus set of sequences, our observations provide a basis for interpreting differences in species tree estimates obtained via different approaches that have a two-stage structure in common, one step for gene tree estimation and a second step for species tree estimation. The methods explored here employ a number of distinct features of the data, and our analysis suggests that recovery of the same results from multiple methods that tend to differ in their patterns of inference can be a valuable tool for obtaining reliable estimates. C1 [DeGiorgio, Michael] Penn State Univ, Dept Biol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Syring, John] Linfield Coll, Dept Biol, McMinnville, OR 97128 USA. [Eckert, Andrew J.] Univ Calif Davis, Sect Evolut & Ecol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Eckert, Andrew J.] Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Populat Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Eckert, Andrew J.] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Biol, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. [Liston, Aaron] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Cronn, Richard] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Neale, David B.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Rosenberg, Noah A.] Stanford Univ, Dept Biol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP DeGiorgio, M (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Biol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM mxd60@psu.edu OI Cronn, Richard/0000-0001-5342-3494 FU NSF [DBI-1103639, DBI-0638502, DBI-1146722, DEB-0317103]; Murdock College Science Research Program FX We thank Zachary Szpiech, Cuong Than, Chaolong Wang, and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments and Ben Figueroa, Ismael Grachico, Erik Grimstad, Brian Knaus, John Liechty, and Jill Wegrzyn for help with data generation and analysis. This work was supported by NSF grants DBI-1103639, DBI-0638502, DBI-1146722, DEB-0317103, and by the Murdock College Science Research Program. NR 93 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 19 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2148 J9 BMC EVOL BIOL JI BMC Evol. Biol. PD MAR 29 PY 2014 VL 14 AR 67 DI 10.1186/1471-2148-14-67 PG 21 WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA AG1JV UT WOS:000335172200001 PM 24678701 ER PT J AU Nayduch, D Cohnstaedt, LW Saski, C Lawson, D Kersey, P Fife, M Carpenter, S AF Nayduch, Dana Cohnstaedt, Lee W. Saski, Christopher Lawson, Daniel Kersey, Paul Fife, Mark Carpenter, Simon TI Studying Culicoides vectors of BTV in the post-genomic era: Resources, bottlenecks to progress and future directions SO VIRUS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Ceratopogonidae; RNA-Seq; Transcriptome; Comparative genomics; Vector; Cell lines ID BLUETONGUE-VIRUS; VARIIPENNIS DIPTERA; SONORENSIS DIPTERA; BITING MIDGES; CELL-LINES; RNA-SEQ; LABORATORY COLONIZATION; ANTIBACTERIAL PEPTIDES; ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES; FIELD POPULATIONS AB Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) are a major vector group responsible for the biological transmission of a wide variety of globally significant arboviruses, including bluetongue virus (BTV). In this review we examine current biological resources for the study of this genus, with an emphasis on detailing the history of extant colonies and cell lines derived from C sonorensis, the major vector of BTV in the USA. We then discuss the rapidly developing area of genomic and transcriptomic analyses of biological processes in vectors and introduce the newly formed Culicoides Genomics and Transcriptomics Alliance. Preliminary results from these fields are detailed and finally likely areas of future research are discussed from an entomological perspective describing limitations in our understanding of Culicoides biology that may impede progress in these areas. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Nayduch, Dana; Cohnstaedt, Lee W.] USDA ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Saski, Christopher] Clemson Univ, Genom Inst, Dept Biochem & Genet, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Lawson, Daniel; Kersey, Paul] EMBL European Bioinformat Inst, Cambridge CB10 1SD, England. [Fife, Mark; Carpenter, Simon] Pirbright Inst, Vector Borne Viral Dis Programme, Woking GU24 0NF, Surrey, England. RP Nayduch, D (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Unit, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM dana.nayduch@ars.usda.gov RI Carpenter, Simon/C-2718-2013; Institute, Pirbright/K-4476-2014; OI Lawson, Daniel/0000-0001-7765-983X; Kersey, Paul/0000-0002-7054-800X FU BBSRC grant [BB/J016721]; USDA-ARS [5430-32000-003]; Clemson University [58-5430-2-313]; [BBS/E/I/00001445] FX DN and LWC would like to thank Mr. Jim Kempert and Mr. Kruger Bryant for help with C sonorensis colony and cell line information. SC, MF, DL and PK were funded by BBSRC grant BB/J016721 and SC by BBS/E/I/00001445. The transcriptome project was funded by USDA-ARS National Program 104, Project number 5430-32000-003, and a Specific Cooperative Agreement with Clemson University, Agreement 58-5430-2-313. NR 83 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1702 EI 1872-7492 J9 VIRUS RES JI Virus Res. PD MAR 28 PY 2014 VL 182 BP 43 EP 49 DI 10.1016/j.virusres.2013.12.009 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA AF6JX UT WOS:000334822500006 PM 24355835 ER PT J AU Sengoda, VG Cooper, WR Swisher, KD Henne, DC Munyaneza, JE AF Sengoda, Venkatesan G. Cooper, W. Rodney Swisher, Kylie D. Henne, Donald C. Munyaneza, Joseph E. TI Latent Period and Transmission of "Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum" by the Potato Psyllid Bactericera cockerelli (Hemiptera: Triozidae) SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ZEBRA CHIP DISEASE; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; UNITED-STATES; PCR ASSAY; CITRUS; ASSOCIATION; HAPLOTYPES; ASIATICUS; VECTOR; TUBERS AB "Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum'' (Lso) is an economically important pathogen of solanaceous crops and the putative causal agent of zebra chip disease of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). This pathogen is transmitted to solanaceous species by the potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli (Sulc), but many aspects of the acquisition and transmission processes have yet to be elucidated. The present study was conducted to assess the interacting effects of acquisition access period, incubation period, and host plant on Lso titer in psyllids, the movement of Lso from the alimentary canal to the salivary glands of the insect, and the ability of psyllids to transmit Lso to non-infected host plants. Following initial pathogen acquisition, the probability of Lso presence in the alimentary canal remained constant from 0 to 3 weeks, but the probability of Lso being present in the salivary glands increased with increasing incubation period. Lso copy numbers in psyllids peaked two weeks after the initial pathogen acquisition and psyllids were capable of transmitting Lso to non-infected host plants only after a two-week incubation period. Psyllid infectivity was associated with colonization of insect salivary glands by Lso and with Lso copy numbers >10,000 per psyllid. Results of our study indicate that Lso requires a two-week latent period in potato psyllids and suggest that acquisition and transmission of Lso by psyllids follows a pattern consistent with a propagative, circulative, and persistent mode of transmission. C1 [Sengoda, Venkatesan G.; Cooper, W. Rodney; Swisher, Kylie D.; Munyaneza, Joseph E.] ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, USDA, Wapato, WA USA. [Sengoda, Venkatesan G.; Henne, Donald C.] Texas A&M AgriLife Res, Subtrop Pest Management Lab, Dept Entomol, Weslaco, TX USA. RP Munyaneza, JE (reprint author), ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, USDA, Wapato, WA USA. EM Joseph.Munyaneza@ars.usda.gov FU Frito-Lay Inc.; Washington State Potato Commission; USDA-NIFA-RAMP [2009-51101-05892]; USDA-NIFA-SCRI [2009-51181-20176] FX Financial support for this research was partially provided by Frito-Lay Inc., Washington State Potato Commission, USDA-NIFA-RAMP (Project #2009-51101-05892) and USDA-NIFA-SCRI (Project #2009-51181-20176). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 33 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 4 U2 28 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 28 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 3 AR e93475 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0093475 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AE0TC UT WOS:000333678100049 PM 24682175 ER PT J AU McQuate, GT AF McQuate, Grant T. TI Green Light Synergistally Enhances Male Sweetpotato Weevil Response to Sex Pheromone SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID POSTFASCIATUS FAIRMAIRE COLEOPTERA; CYLAS-FORMICARIUS; TRAP COLOR; LED TRAP; CURCULIONIDAE; INSECTS; FIELD AB Sweetpotato, commercially grown in over 100 countries, is one of the ten most important staple crops in the world. Sweetpotato weevil is a major pest of sweetpotato in most areas of cultivation, the feeding of which induces production in the sweetpotato root of extremely bitter tasting and toxic sesquiterpenes which can render the sweetpotato unfit for consumption. A significant step towards improved management of this weevil species was the identification of a female-produced sex pheromone [(Z)-3-dodecenyl (E)-2-butenoate] to which males are highly attracted. Reported here are results of research that documents a nearly 5-fold increase in male sweetpotato weevil catch in traps baited with this pheromone and a green light provided by a solar-powered, light-emitting diode (LED). The combination of olfactory and night-visible visual cues significantly enhanced trap effectiveness for this nighttime-active insect species. These results provide promise for improved sweetpotato weevil detection and suppression in mass trapping programs. C1 USDA ARS, Daniel K Inouye US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP McQuate, GT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Daniel K Inouye US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, 64 Nowelo St, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM grant.mcquate@ars.usda.gov NR 22 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 21 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD MAR 28 PY 2014 VL 4 AR 4499 DI 10.1038/srep04499 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AD8KU UT WOS:000333515700006 PM 24675727 ER PT J AU La Frano, MR Zhu, CH Burri, BJ AF La Frano, Michael R. Zhu, Chenghao Burri, Betty J. TI Assessment of tissue distribution and concentration of beta-cryptoxanthin in response to varying amounts of dietary beta-cryptoxanthin in the Mongolian gerbil SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE Retinol; Tissue distribution; Vitamin A; beta-Cryptoxanthin; Carotenoids; Gerbils ID VITAMIN-A STATUS; MERIONES-UNGUICULATUS; CAROTENOID CONCENTRATIONS; CACO-2 CELLS; DARK-GREEN; FATTY-ACID; MRDR TEST; IN-VITRO; BIOAVAILABILITY; VEGETABLES AB There is a general lack of knowledge regarding the absorption and tissue storage of the provitamin A carotenoid beta-cryptoxanthin. The present study investigated the whole-body tissue distribution of beta-cryptoxanthin in an appropriate small animal model, the Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus), for human provitamin A carotenoid metabolism. After 5d of carotenoid depletion, five gerbils were euthanised for baseline measurements. The remaining gerbils were placed in three weight-matched treatment groups (n 8). All the groups received 20 mu g/d of beta-cryptoxanthin from tangerine concentrate, while the second and third groups received an additional 20 and 40 mu g/d of pure beta-cryptoxanthin (CX40 and CX60), respectively, for 21d. During the last 2d of the study, urine and faecal samples of two gerbils from each treatment group were collected. beta-Cryptoxanthin was detected in the whole blood, and in twelve of the fourteen tissues analysed. Most tissues resembled the liver, in which the concentrations of beta-cryptoxanthin were significantly higher in the CX60 (17 center dot 8 (sem 0 center dot 7)mu g/organ; P=0 center dot 004) and CX40 (16 center dot 2 (sem 0 center dot 9)mu g/organ; P=0 center dot 006) groups than in the CX20 group (13 center dot 3 (sem 0 center dot 4)mu g/organ). However, in intestinal tissues, the concentrations of beta-cryptoxanthin increased only in the CX60 group. Despite elevated vitamin A concentrations in tissues at baseline due to pre-study diets containing high levels of vitamin A, beta-cryptoxanthin maintained those vitamin A stores. These results indicate that beta-cryptoxanthin is stored in many tissues, potentially suggesting that its functions are widespread. C1 [La Frano, Michael R.; Burri, Betty J.] ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, PWA, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [La Frano, Michael R.; Burri, Betty J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Zhu, Chenghao] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Burri, BJ (reprint author), ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, PWA, 430 West Hlth Sci Dr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM betty.burri@ars.usda.gov OI La Frano, Michael/0000-0002-2269-1688 FU USDA WHNRC; University of California, Davis FX The present study was funded by the USDA WHNRC in-house funds and a Henry A. Jastro Research Scholarship Award, University of California, Davis. The funder did not contribute to the study design, management, analysis or interpretation of this article. NR 61 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 12 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 0007-1145 EI 1475-2662 J9 BRIT J NUTR JI Br. J. Nutr. PD MAR 28 PY 2014 VL 111 IS 6 BP 968 EP 978 DI 10.1017/S0007114513003371 PG 11 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AC8EO UT WOS:000332766300003 PM 24229567 ER PT J AU Macho, AP Schwessinger, B Ntoukakis, V Brutus, A Segonzac, C Roy, S Kadota, Y Oh, MH Sklenar, J Derbyshire, P Lozano-Duran, R Malinovsky, FG Monaghan, J Menke, FL Huber, SC He, SY Zipfel, C AF Macho, Alberto P. Schwessinger, Benjamin Ntoukakis, Vardis Brutus, Alexandre Segonzac, Cecile Roy, Sonali Kadota, Yasuhiro Oh, Man-Ho Sklenar, Jan Derbyshire, Paul Lozano-Duran, Rosa Malinovsky, Frederikke Gro Monaghan, Jacqueline Menke, Frank L. Huber, Steven C. He, Sheng Yang Zipfel, Cyril TI A Bacterial Tyrosine Phosphatase Inhibits Plant Pattern Recognition Receptor Activation SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID IMMUNE RECEPTORS; INNATE IMMUNITY; KINASES; ARABIDOPSIS; PHOSPHORYLATION; PERCEPTION; EFFECTOR AB Innate immunity relies on the perception of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) by pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) located on the host cell's surface. Many plant PRRs are kinases. Here, we report that the Arabidopsis receptor kinase EF-TU RECEPTOR (EFR), which perceives the elf18 peptide derived from bacterial elongation factor Tu, is activated upon ligand binding by phosphorylation on its tyrosine residues. Phosphorylation of a single tyrosine residue, Y836, is required for activation of EFR and downstream immunity to the phytopathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas syringae. A tyrosine phosphatase, HopAO1, secreted by P. syringae, reduces EFR phosphorylation and prevents subsequent immune responses. Thus, host and pathogen compete to take control of PRR tyrosine phosphorylation used to initiate antibacterial immunity. C1 [Macho, Alberto P.; Schwessinger, Benjamin; Ntoukakis, Vardis; Segonzac, Cecile; Roy, Sonali; Kadota, Yasuhiro; Sklenar, Jan; Derbyshire, Paul; Lozano-Duran, Rosa; Malinovsky, Frederikke Gro; Monaghan, Jacqueline; Menke, Frank L.; Zipfel, Cyril] Sainsbury Lab, Norwich NR4 7UH, Norfolk, England. [Brutus, Alexandre; He, Sheng Yang] Michigan State Univ, Dept Energy Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Oh, Man-Ho; Huber, Steven C.] Univ Illinois, USDA ARS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Oh, Man-Ho; Huber, Steven C.] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Oh, Man-Ho] Chungnam Natl Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Coll Biol Sci & Biotechnol, Taejon 305764, South Korea. [He, Sheng Yang] Michigan State Univ, Howard Hughes Med Inst, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Zipfel, C (reprint author), Sainsbury Lab, Norwich Res Pk, Norwich NR4 7UH, Norfolk, England. EM cyril.zipfel@tsl.ac.uk RI Menke, Frank/F-2739-2014; Macho, Alberto/L-1393-2014; mailnovsky, frederikke gro/C-1959-2015; Ntoukakis, Vardis/C-6296-2012; Kadota, Yasuhiro/A-9406-2011; ZIPFEL, CYRIL/D-7103-2011; OI Menke, Frank/0000-0003-2490-4824; mailnovsky, frederikke gro/0000-0002-9833-7968; Ntoukakis, Vardis/0000-0003-0069-6004; Kadota, Yasuhiro/0000-0002-4782-1418; ZIPFEL, CYRIL/0000-0003-4935-8583; Schwessinger, Benjamin/0000-0002-7194-2922; Segonzac, Cecile/0000-0002-5537-7556 FU United Kingdom Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council; U.S. Department of Energy (the Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science) [DE-FG02-91ER20021]; U.S. National Institutes of Health [R01AI060761]; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation [GBMF3037]; National Science Foundation [MCB-0742411, 0740211]; USDA-ARS; Federation of European Biochemical Societies (FEBS); KAKENHI [23580068]; Excellent Young Researcher Overseas Visit Program; Uehara memorial foundation; European Molecular Biology Organization; Fundacion Ramon Areces FX This research was funded by the Gatsby Charitable Foundation (C.Z.), the European Research Council (grant "PHOSPHinnATE") (C.Z.), grants BB/E024874/1 (ERA-PG "RLPRLKs") and BB/G024944/1 ERA-PG "Pathonet" from the United Kingdom Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (C.Z.), grants from U.S. Department of Energy (the Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science; DE-FG02-91ER20021 for infrastructural support to S.Y.H.), the U.S. National Institutes of Health R01AI060761 (S.Y.H.), the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation GBMF3037 (S.Y.H.), and grants from the National Science Foundation (MCB-0742411 and 0740211) and USDA-ARS (S. C. H). A. P. M. was supported by a postdoctoral fellowship from the Federation of European Biochemical Societies (FEBS). Y.K. was supported by fellowships from KAKENHI (no. 23580068), the Excellent Young Researcher Overseas Visit Program, and the Uehara memorial foundation. B. S. and S. R. were/are part of the JIC/TSL rotation program. J.M. was supported by a long-term postdoctoral fellowship from the European Molecular Biology Organization. R.L-D. was supported by a postdoctoral fellowship from Fundacion Ramon Areces. We thank L. Stransfeld, K. Morehouse, the John Innes Centre horticultural service, and the TSL tissue culture service for technical assistance, and all members of the Zipfel laboratory for discussions and comments. A. P. M., B. S., V.N., A. B., S. C. H., S.Y.H., and C.Z. designed and conceived the experiments. A. P. M., B. S., V.N., A. B., C. S., S. R., Y.K., M.-H.O., R.L.-D., F. G. M., J.M., J.S., and F. L. M. performed the experiments. A. P. M. and C.Z. wrote the manuscript. All authors commented and agreed on the manuscript before submission. NR 19 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 4 U2 77 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD MAR 28 PY 2014 VL 343 IS 6178 BP 1509 EP 1512 DI 10.1126/science.1248849 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AD7TZ UT WOS:000333471000047 PM 24625928 ER PT J AU Henson, CA Duke, SH Livingston, DP AF Henson, Cynthia A. Duke, Stanley H. Livingston, David P., III TI Metabolic Changes in Avena sativa Crowns Recovering from Freezing SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID LOW-TEMPERATURE TOLERANCE; HORDEUM-VULGARE-L; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; PLANT COLD-ACCLIMATION; IMBIBING SOYBEAN SEEDS; FROST-TOLERANCE; AMINO-ACID; INTRACELLULAR SUBSTANCES; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; WINTER HARDINESS AB Extensive research has been conducted on cold acclimation and freezing tolerance of fall-sown cereal plants due to their economic importance; however, little has been reported on the biochemical changes occurring over time after the freezing conditions are replaced by conditions favorable for recovery and growth such as would occur during spring. In this study, GC-MS was used to detect metabolic changes in the overwintering crown tissue of oat (Avena sativa L.) during a fourteen day time-course after freezing. Metabolomic analysis revealed increases in most amino acids, particularly proline, 5-oxoproline and arginine, which increased greatly in crowns that were frozen compared to controls and correlated very significantly with days after freezing. In contrast, sugar and sugar related metabolites were little changed by freezing, except sucrose and fructose which decreased dramatically. In frozen tissue all TCA cycle metabolites, especially citrate and malate, decreased in relation to unfrozen tissue. Alterations in some amino acid pools after freezing were similar to those observed in cold acclimation whereas most changes in sugar pools after freezing were not. These similarities and differences suggest that there are common as well as unique genetic mechanisms between these two environmental conditions that are crucial to the winter survival of plants. C1 [Henson, Cynthia A.] USDA ARS, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Henson, Cynthia A.; Duke, Stanley H.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Livingston, David P., III] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Livingston, David P., III] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Henson, CA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM cynthia.henson@usda.ars.gov FU USDA-ARS; University of Wisconsin-Madison FX This study was supported by USDA-ARS and the University of Wisconsin-Madison. The fund agency provided general oversight and review but had no additional role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 96 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 24 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 27 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 3 AR e93085 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0093085 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AE0SW UT WOS:000333677500071 PM 24675792 ER PT J AU Hruska, Z Rajasekaran, K Yao, HB Kincaid, R Darlington, D Brown, RL Bhatnagar, D Cleveland, TE AF Hruska, Zuzana Rajasekaran, Kanniah Yao, Haibo Kincaid, Russell Darlington, Dawn Brown, Robert L. Bhatnagar, Deepak Cleveland, Thomas E. TI Co-inoculation of aflatoxigenic and non-aflatoxigenic strains of Aspergillus flavus to study fungal invasion, colonization, and competition in maize kernels SO FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aspergillus flavus; biocontrol; green fluorescent protein (GFP); fungal competition; aflatoxin; fluorescence microscopy; corn (Zea mays) ID ATOXIGENIC STRAINS; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; GENE-CLUSTER; CONTAMINATION; COTTONSEED; RESISTANCE; BIOSYNTHESIS; GENOTYPES AB A currently utilized pre-harvest biocontrol method involves field inoculations with non-aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus strains, a tactic shown to strategically suppress native aflatoxin-producing strains and effectively decrease aflatoxin contamination in corn. The present in situ study focuses on tracking the invasion and colonization of an aflatoxigenic A. flavus strain (AF70), labeled with green fluorescent protein (GFP), in the presence of a non-aflatoxigenic A. flavus biocontrol strain (AF36), to better understand the competitive interaction between these two strains in seed tissue of corn (Zea mays). Corn kernels that had been co-inoculated with GFP-labeled AF70 and wild-type AF36 were cross-sectioned and observed under UV and blue light to determine the outcome of competition between these strains. After imaging, all kernels were analyzed for aflatoxin levels. There appeared to be a population difference between the co-inoculated AF70-GFP+AF36 and the individual AF70-GFP tests, both visually and with pixel count analysis. The G FP allowed us to observe that AF70-GFP inside the kernels was suppressed up to 82% when co-inoculated with AF36 indicating that AF36 inhibited progression of AF70-GFP. This was in agreement with images taken of whole kernels where AF36 exhibited a more robust external growth compared to AF70-GFP. The suppressed growth of AF70-GFP was reflected in a corresponding (upto 73%) suppression in aflatoxin levels. Our results indicate that the decrease in aflatoxin production correlated with population depression of the aflatoxigenic fungus by the biocontrol strain supporting the theory of competitive exclusion through robust propagation and fast colonization by the non-aflatoxigenic fungus. C1 [Hruska, Zuzana; Yao, Haibo; Kincaid, Russell; Darlington, Dawn] Mississippi State Univ, Geosyst Res Inst, Stennis Space Ctr, Starkville, MS USA. [Rajasekaran, Kanniah; Brown, Robert L.; Bhatnagar, Deepak; Cleveland, Thomas E.] ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Rajasekaran, K (reprint author), ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM rajah.rajasekaran@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS [58-6435-3-0121] FX Funding for the current project was provided through the USDA-ARS Specific Cooperative Agreement No. 58-6435-3-0121. The authors thank Mr. D. Ambrogio and Ms. S. Beltz at USDA-ARS-SRRC, for providing the fungal strains used in this study, Ms. C. Sickler, SRRC for assistance with GFP imaging and Ms. Y. Lau, GRI, MSU, Stennis Space Center, for assistance with statistical analyses and graphics. Thanks also to Dr. H. Abbas, ARS, Stoneville, MS, for graciously providing access to corn field for our experiments. NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 31 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-302X J9 FRONT MICROBIOL JI Front. Microbiol. PD MAR 27 PY 2014 VL 5 AR 122 DI 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00122 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AD8LT UT WOS:000333518200001 PM 24734028 ER PT J AU Tako, E Beebe, SE Reed, S Hart, JJ Glahn, RP AF Tako, Elad Beebe, Steve E. Reed, Spenser Hart, Jonathan J. Glahn, Raymond P. TI Polyphenolic compounds appear to limit the nutritional benefit of biofortified higher iron black bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) SO NUTRITION JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Beans; Biofortification; Iron bioavailability; In vitro digestion/Caco-2 cell model; Broiler chicken; Intestine ID GALLUS-GALLUS; BIOAVAILABLE IRON; DIET PROVIDE; MODEL; MECHANISMS; FERRITIN; MAIZE; RED; PURIFICATION; IRON(III) AB Background: Our objective was to determine if a biofortified variety of black bean can provide more bioavailable-iron (Fe) than a standard variety. Two lines of black beans (Phaseolus-vulgaris L.), a standard (DOR500; 59 mu g Fe/g) and biofortified (MIB465; 88 mu g Fe/g) were used. The DOR500 is a common commercial variety, and the MIB465 is a line developed for higher-Fe content. Given the high prevalence of Fe-deficiency anemia worldwide, it is important to determine if Fe-biofortified black beans can provide more absorbable-Fe. Methods: Black bean based diets were formulated to meet the nutrient requirements for the broiler (Gallus-gallus) except for Fe (dietary Fe-concentrations were 39.4 +/- 0.2 and 52.9 +/- 0.9 mg/kg diet, standard vs. biofortified, respectively). Birds (n=14) were fed the diets for 6-weeks. Hemoglobin-(Hb), liver-ferritin and Fe-related transporter/enzyme gene-expression were measured. Hemoglobin-maintenance-efficiency and total-body-Hb-Fe values were used to estimate Fe-bioavailability. Results: Hemoglobin-maintenance-efficiency values were higher (P<0.05) in the group consuming the standard-Fe beans on days 14, 21 and 28; indicating a compensatory response to lower dietary-Fe. Final total-Hb-Fe body content was higher in the biofortified vs. the standard group (26.6 +/- 0.9 and 24.4 +/- 0.8 mg, respectively; P<0.05). There were no differences in liver-ferritin or in expression of DMT-1, Dcyt-B, and ferroportin. In-vitro Fe-bioavailability assessment indicated very low Fe-bioavailability from both diets and between the two bean varieties (P>0.05). Such extremely-low in-vitro Fe-bioavailability measurement is indicative of the presence of high levels of polyphenolic-compounds that may inhibit Fe-absorption. High levels of these compounds would be expected in the black bean seed-coats. Conclusions: The parameters of Fe-status measured in this study indicate that only a minor increase in absorbable-Fe was achieved with the higher-Fe beans. The results also raise the possibility that breeding for increased Fe-concentration elevated the levels of polyphenolic-compounds that can reduce bean Fe-bioavailability, although the higher levels of polyphenolics in the higher-Fe beans may simply be coincidental or an environmental effect. Regardless, Fe-biofortified beans remain a promising vehicle for increasing intakes of bioavailable-Fe in human populations that consume high levels of these beans as a dietary staple, and the bean polyphenol profile must be further evaluated and modified if possible in order to improve the nutritional quality of higher-Fe beans. C1 [Tako, Elad; Reed, Spenser; Glahn, Raymond P.] Cornell Univ, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Beebe, Steve E.] CIAT Int Ctr Trop Agr, Cali, Colombia. [Hart, Jonathan J.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Tako, E (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM et79@cornell.edu NR 41 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 28 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2891 J9 NUTR J JI Nutr. J. PD MAR 26 PY 2014 VL 13 AR 28 DI 10.1186/1475-2891-13-28 PG 9 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AF1IW UT WOS:000334468600001 PM 24669764 ER PT J AU Buhnerkempe, MG Tildesley, MJ Lindstrom, T Grear, DA Portacci, K Miller, RS Lombard, JE Werkman, M Keeling, MJ Wennergren, U Webb, CT AF Buhnerkempe, Michael G. Tildesley, Michael J. Lindstrom, Tom Grear, Daniel A. Portacci, Katie Miller, Ryan S. Lombard, Jason E. Werkman, Marleen Keeling, Matt J. Wennergren, Uno Webb, Colleen T. TI The Impact of Movements and Animal Density on Continental Scale Cattle Disease Outbreaks in the United States SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID MOUTH-DISEASE; GREAT-BRITAIN; 2001 FOOT; VACCINATION STRATEGIES; LIVESTOCK MOVEMENTS; SIMULATION-MODEL; EPIDEMIC; NETWORK; SPREAD; DYNAMICS AB Globalization has increased the potential for the introduction and spread of novel pathogens over large spatial scales necessitating continental-scale disease models to guide emergency preparedness. Livestock disease spread models, such as those for the 2001 foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) epidemic in the United Kingdom, represent some of the best case studies of large-scale disease spread. However, generalization of these models to explore disease outcomes in other systems, such as the United States's cattle industry, has been hampered by differences in system size and complexity and the absence of suitable livestock movement data. Here, a unique database of US cattle shipments allows estimation of synthetic movement networks that inform a near-continental scale disease model of a potential FMD-like (i.e., rapidly spreading) epidemic in US cattle. The largest epidemics may affect over one-third of the US and 120,000 cattle premises, but cattle movement restrictions from infected counties, as opposed to national movement moratoriums, are found to effectively contain outbreaks. Slow detection or weak compliance may necessitate more severe state-level bans for similar control. Such results highlight the role of large-scale disease models in emergency preparedness, particularly for systems lacking comprehensive movement and outbreak data, and the need to rapidly implement multi-scale contingency plans during a potential US outbreak. C1 [Buhnerkempe, Michael G.; Grear, Daniel A.; Webb, Colleen T.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Tildesley, Michael J.; Werkman, Marleen; Keeling, Matt J.] Univ Warwick, Math Inst, Ctr Complex Sci, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Lindstrom, Tom; Wennergren, Uno] Linkoping Univ, Dept Phys Chem & Biol, Linkoping, Sweden. [Portacci, Katie; Miller, Ryan S.; Lombard, Jason E.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Ctr Epidemiol, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Portacci, Katie; Miller, Ryan S.; Lombard, Jason E.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Ctr Anim Hlth, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Buhnerkempe, MG (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM michael.buhnerkempe@gmail.com RI Keeling, Matt/J-9280-2012; OI Miller, Ryan/0000-0003-3892-0251; Keeling, Matt/0000-0003-4639-4765; Grear, Daniel/0000-0002-5478-1549 FU Research and Policy for Infectious Disease Dynamics (RAPIDD) Program, Science and Technology Directorate, US Department of Homeland Security, and Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health; Foreign Animal Disease Modeling Program, Science and Technology Directorate, US Department of Homeland Security [ST-108-000017]; USDA [11-9208-0269-CA 11-1, 09-9208-0235-CA] FX Funding provided by the Research and Policy for Infectious Disease Dynamics (RAPIDD) Program, Science and Technology Directorate, US Department of Homeland Security, and Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health; Foreign Animal Disease Modeling Program, Science and Technology Directorate, US Department of Homeland Security (Grant ST-108-000017); and USDA Cooperative Agreements 11-9208-0269-CA 11-1 and 09-9208-0235-CA. Data included in this analysis were provided by the US Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services. However, the views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of USDA-APHIS-Veterinary Services or the US Department of Homeland Security. The authors also acknowledge the National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis for supporting the Modeling Bovine Tuberculosis working group, where the initial ideas for using ICVI data were developed. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 39 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 31 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 26 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 3 AR e91724 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0091724 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AE0SR UT WOS:000333677000026 PM 24670977 ER PT J AU Chen, P Sun, JH Ford, P AF Chen, Pei Sun, Jianghao Ford, Paul TI Differentiation of the Four Major Species of Cinnamons (C-burmannii, C-verum, C-cassia, and C-loureiroi) Using a Flow Injection Mass Spectrometric (FIMS) Fingerprinting Method SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE cinnamon; mass spectrometer; fingerprinting; PCA ID CHROMIUM; GLUCOSE AB A simple and efficient flow injection mass spectrometric (FIMS) method was developed to differentiate cinnamon (Cinnamomum) bark (CB) samples of the four major species (C. burmannii, C. verum, C. aromaticum, and C. loureiroi) of cinnamon. Fifty cinnamon samples collected from China, Vietnam, Indonesia, and Sri Lanka were studied using the developed FIMS fingerprinting method. The FIMS fingerprints of the cinnamon samples were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA). The FIMS technique required only 1 min of analysis time per sample. The representative samples from each of the four major species of cinnamon were further examined using an ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry system, and the chemical differences between the four species were profiled. The results showed that the 1 min FIMS fingerprinting method successfully differentiated the four cinnamon species studied. C1 [Chen, Pei; Sun, Jianghao] USDA ARS, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Food Composit & Methods Dev Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Ford, Paul] McCormick & Co Inc, McCormick Appl Res, Tech Innovat Ctr, Hunt Valley, MD 21031 USA. RP Chen, P (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Food Composit & Methods Dev Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM pei.chen@ars.usda.gov FU Agricultural Research Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture; Office of Dietary Supplements of the National institutes of Health [Y01 OD001298-01] FX This research is supported by the Agricultural Research Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture and an Interagency Agreement with the Office of Dietary Supplements of the National institutes of Health (Grant Y01 OD001298-01). NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 21 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAR 26 PY 2014 VL 62 IS 12 BP 2516 EP 2521 DI 10.1021/jf405580c PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AD8YM UT WOS:000333551600008 PM 24628250 ER PT J AU Quadri, SS Stratford, RE Boue, SM Cole, RB AF Quadri, Syeda S. Stratford, Robert E. Boue, Stephen M. Cole, Richard B. TI Identification of Glyceollin Metabolites Derived from Conjugation with Glutathione and Glucuronic Acid in Male ZDSD Rats by Online Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE phase I metabolism; phase II metabolism; phytoestrogens; phytochemicals; phytoalexins; reactive oxygen species ID SOYBEAN GLYCEOLLINS; IN-VITRO; GENISTEIN; ISOFLAVONES; CANCER; WOMEN; SOY; FLAVONOIDS; MODEL; PHARMACOKINETICS AB Glyceollin-related metabolites produced in rats following oral glyceollin administration were screened in plasma, feces, and urine, and these metabolites were identified by precursor and product ion scanning using liquid chromatography coupled online with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS). Precursor ion scanning in the negative ion (NI) mode was used to identify all glyceollin metabolites based on production of a diagnostic radical product ion (m/z 148) upon decomposition. Using this approach, precursor peaks of interest were found at m/z 474 and 531. Tandem mass spectra of these two peaks allowed us to characterize them as byproducts of glutathione conjugation. The peak at m/z 474 was identified as the deprotonated cysteinyl conjugate of glyceollins with an addition of an oxygen atom, whereas m/z 531 was identified as the deprotonated cysteinylglyceine glyceollin conjugate plus an oxygen. These results were confirmed by positive ion (PI) mode analyses. Mercapturic acid conjugates of glyceollins were also identified in NI mode. In addition, glucuronidation of glyceollins was observed, giving a peak at m/z 513 corresponding to the deprotonated conjugate. Production of glucuronic acid conjugates of glyceollins was confirmed in vitro in rat liver microsomes. Neither glutathione conjugation byproducts nor glucuronic acid conjugates of glyceollins have been previously reported. C1 [Quadri, Syeda S.; Cole, Richard B.] Univ New Orleans, Dept Chem, New Orleans, LA 70148 USA. [Stratford, Robert E.] Xavier Univ, Coll Pharm, New Orleans, LA 70125 USA. [Boue, Stephen M.] USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Cole, Richard B.] Univ Paris 06, Inst Parisien Chim Mol, UMR 8232, F-75252 Paris, France. RP Cole, RB (reprint author), Univ New Orleans, Dept Chem, 2000 Lakeshore Dr, New Orleans, LA 70148 USA. EM richard.cole@upmc.fr FU NIMHD NIH HHS [G12 MD007595, 8G12MD007595-04] NR 46 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAR 26 PY 2014 VL 62 IS 12 BP 2692 EP 2700 DI 10.1021/jf403498f PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AD8YM UT WOS:000333551600029 PM 24617284 ER PT J AU McClure, MC Bickhart, D Null, D VanRaden, P Xu, LY Wiggans, G Liu, G Schroeder, S Glasscock, J Armstrong, J Cole, JB Van Tassell, CP Sonstegard, TS AF McClure, Matthew C. Bickhart, Derek Null, Dan VanRaden, Paul Xu, Lingyang Wiggans, George Liu, George Schroeder, Steve Glasscock, Jarret Armstrong, Jon Cole, John B. Van Tassell, Curtis P. Sonstegard, Tad S. TI Bovine Exome Sequence Analysis and Targeted SNP Genotyping of Recessive Fertility Defects BH1, HH2, and HH3 Reveal a Putative Causative Mutation in SMC2 for HH3 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CATTLE AB The recent discovery of bovine haplotypes with negative effects on fertility in the Brown Swiss, Holstein, and Jersey breeds has allowed producers to identify carrier animals using commercial single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping assays. This study was devised to identify the causative mutations underlying defective bovine embryo development contained within three of these haplotypes (Brown Swiss haplotype 1 and Holstein haplotypes 2 and 3) by combining exome capture with next generation sequencing. Of the 68,476,640 sequence variations (SV) identified, only 1,311 genome-wide SNP were concordant with the haplotype status of 21 sequenced carriers. Validation genotyping of 36 candidate SNP identified only 1 variant that was concordant to Holstein haplotype 3 (HH3), while no variants located within the refined intervals for HH2 or BH1 were concordant. The variant strictly associated with HH3 is a non-synonymous SNP (T/C) within exon 24 of the Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes 2 (SMC2) on Chromosome 8 at position 95,410,507 (UMD3.1). This polymorphism changes amino acid 1135 from phenylalanine to serine and causes a non-neutral, non-tolerated, and evolutionarily unlikely substitution within the NTPase domain of the encoded protein. Because only exome capture sequencing was used, we could not rule out the possibility that the true causative mutation for HH3 might lie in a non-exonic genomic location. Given the essential role of SMC2 in DNA repair, chromosome condensation and segregation during cell division, our findings strongly support the non-synonymous SNP (T/C) in SMC2 as the likely causative mutation. The absence of concordant variations for HH2 or BH1 suggests either the underlying causative mutations lie within a non-exomic region or in exome regions not covered by the capture array. C1 [McClure, Matthew C.; Xu, Lingyang; Liu, George; Schroeder, Steve; Van Tassell, Curtis P.; Sonstegard, Tad S.] ARS, USDA, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Bickhart, Derek; Null, Dan; VanRaden, Paul; Wiggans, George; Cole, John B.] ARS, USDA, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Glasscock, Jarret; Armstrong, Jon] Cofactor Genom, St Louis, MO USA. RP Sonstegard, TS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Tad.sonstegard@ars.usda.gov RI Lozovskaya, Tetyana/A-8601-2016; Cole, John/J-8571-2014; OI Lozovskaya, Tetyana/0000-0003-0309-4578; Bickhart, Derek/0000-0003-2223-9285; Cole, John/0000-0003-1242-4401; Schroeder, Steven/0000-0001-9103-5150 FU Animal Improvement Programs [1245-31000-101-00]; Bovine Functional Genomics Laboratories [1265-31000-104-00] FX The contribution by scientists in the Animal Improvement Programs and Bovine Functional Genomics Laboratories are supported by appropriated projects 1245-31000-101-00 and 1265-31000-104-00, respectively. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 19 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 7 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 25 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 3 AR e92769 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0092769 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AE0SD UT WOS:000333675600072 PM 24667746 ER PT J AU van Schalkwijk, DB de Graaf, AA Tsivtsivadze, E Parnell, LD van der Werff-van der Vat, BJC van Ommen, B van der Greef, J Ordovas, JM AF van Schalkwijk, Daniel B. de Graaf, Albert A. Tsivtsivadze, Evgeni Parnell, Laurence D. van der Werff-van der Vat, Bianca J. C. van Ommen, Ben van der Greef, Jan Ordovas, Jose M. TI Lipoprotein Metabolism Indicators Improve Cardiovascular Risk Prediction SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID QUANTIFICATION; CHOLESTEROL; PLASMA AB Background: Cardiovascular disease risk increases when lipoprotein metabolism is dysfunctional. We have developed a computational model able to derive indicators of lipoprotein production, lipolysis, and uptake processes from a single lipoprotein profile measurement. This is the first study to investigate whether lipoprotein metabolism indicators can improve cardiovascular risk prediction and therapy management. Methods and Results: We calculated lipoprotein metabolism indicators for 1981 subjects (145 cases, 1836 controls) from the Framingham Heart Study offspring cohort in which NMR lipoprotein profiles were measured. We applied a statistical learning algorithm using a support vector machine to select conventional risk factors and lipoprotein metabolism indicators that contributed to predicting risk for general cardiovascular disease. Risk prediction was quantified by the change in the Area-Under-the-ROC-Curve (Delta AUC) and by risk reclassification (Net Reclassification Improvement (NRI) and Integrated Discrimination Improvement (IDI)). Two VLDL lipoprotein metabolism indicators (VLDLE and VLDLH) improved cardiovascular risk prediction. We added these indicators to a multivariate model with the best performing conventional risk markers. Our method significantly improved both CVD prediction and risk reclassification. Conclusions: Two calculated VLDL metabolism indicators significantly improved cardiovascular risk prediction. These indicators may help to reduce prescription of unnecessary cholesterol-lowering medication, reducing costs and possible side-effects. For clinical application, further validation is required. C1 [van Schalkwijk, Daniel B.; Tsivtsivadze, Evgeni; van Ommen, Ben; van der Greef, Jan] TNO, Dept Microbiol & Syst Biol, NL-3700 AJ Zeist, Netherlands. [van Schalkwijk, Daniel B.] Amsterdam Univ Coll, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [de Graaf, Albert A.; van der Werff-van der Vat, Bianca J. C.] TNO, Dept Risk Anal Prod Dev, NL-3700 AJ Zeist, Netherlands. [Parnell, Laurence D.; Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, Nutr & Genom Lab, JM USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [van der Greef, Jan] Leiden Amsterdam Ctr Drug Res, Analyt Sci Div, Sinodutch Ctr Prevent & Personalized Med, Leiden, Netherlands. RP de Graaf, AA (reprint author), TNO, Dept Risk Anal Prod Dev, NL-3700 AJ Zeist, Netherlands. EM albert.degraaf@tno.nl OI de Graaf, Albert/0000-0002-1067-3570 NR 21 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 5 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 25 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 3 AR e92840 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0092840 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AE0SD UT WOS:000333675600088 PM 24667559 ER PT J AU Polsky, C Grove, JM Knudson, C Groffman, PM Bettez, N Cavender-Bares, J Hall, SJ Heffernan, JB Hobbie, SE Larson, KL Morse, JL Neill, C Nelson, KC Ogden, LA O'Neil-Dunne, J Pataki, DE Chowdhury, RR Steele, MK AF Polsky, Colin Grove, J. Morgan Knudson, Chris Groffman, Peter M. Bettez, Neil Cavender-Bares, Jeannine Hall, Sharon J. Heffernan, James B. Hobbie, Sarah E. Larson, Kelli L. Morse, Jennifer L. Neill, Christopher Nelson, Kristen C. Ogden, Laura A. O'Neil-Dunne, Jarlath Pataki, Diane E. Chowdhury, Rinku Roy Steele, Meredith K. TI Assessing the homogenization of urban land management with an application to US residential lawn care SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE sustainability science; land-change science; urban ecology; private land management ID BIOTIC HOMOGENIZATION; SUBURBAN BOSTON; URBANIZATION; SUSTAINABILITY; VEGETATION; LANDSCAPE; PHOENIX; SCIENCE; FORESTS AB Changes in land use, land cover, and land management present some of the greatest potential global environmental challenges of the 21st century. Urbanization, one of the principal drivers of these transformations, is commonly thought to be generating land changes that are increasingly similar. An implication of this multiscale homogenization hypothesis is that the ecosystem structure and function and human behaviors associated with urbanization should be more similar in certain kinds of urbanized locations across biogeophysical gradients than across urbanization gradients in places with similar biogeophysical characteristics. This paper introduces an analytical framework for testing this hypothesis, and applies the framework to the case of residential lawn care. This set of land management behaviors are often assumed-not demonstrated-to exhibit homogeneity. Multivariate analyses are conducted on telephone survey responses from a geographically stratified random sample of homeowners (n = 9,480), equally distributed across six US metropolitan areas. Two behaviors are examined: lawn fertilizing and irrigating. Limited support for strong homogenization is found at two scales (i.e., multi- and single-city; 2 of 36 cases), but significant support is found for homogenization at only one scale (22 cases) or at neither scale (12 cases). These results suggest that US lawn care behaviors are more differentiated in practice than in theory. Thus, even if the biophysical outcomes of urbanization are homogenizing, managing the associated sustainability implications may require a multiscale, differentiated approach because the underlying social practices appear relatively varied. The analytical approach introduced here should also be productive for other facets of urban-ecological homogenization. C1 [Polsky, Colin; Knudson, Chris] Clark Univ, Grad Sch Geog, Worcester, MA 01610 USA. [Grove, J. Morgan] US Forest Serv, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. [Groffman, Peter M.; Bettez, Neil] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. [Cavender-Bares, Jeannine; Hobbie, Sarah E.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Hall, Sharon J.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Heffernan, James B.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Larson, Kelli L.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Geog Sci & Urban Planning, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Larson, Kelli L.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Sustainabil, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Morse, Jennifer L.] Portland State Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Management, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Neill, Christopher] Marine Biol Lab, Ctr Ecosyst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Nelson, Kristen C.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Nelson, Kristen C.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Ogden, Laura A.] Florida Int Univ, Dept Global & Sociocultural Studies, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [O'Neil-Dunne, Jarlath] Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Pataki, Diane E.] Univ Utah, Dept Biol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Chowdhury, Rinku Roy] Indiana Univ, Dept Geog, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Steele, Meredith K.] Virginia Tech, Dept Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Polsky, C (reprint author), Clark Univ, Grad Sch Geog, Worcester, MA 01610 USA. EM cpolsky@clarku.edu RI Hall, Sharon/K-7893-2012; Heffernan, James/D-1261-2010; OI Heffernan, James/0000-0001-7641-9949; Hobbie, Sarah/0000-0001-5159-031X; Morse, Jennifer/0000-0001-8872-4940 FU Macro-Systems Biology Program (US NSF) [EF-1065548, EF-1065737, EF-1065740, EF-1065741, EF-1065772, EF-1065785, EF-1065831, EF-121238320]; NSF LTER program for Baltimore [DEB-0423476]; Phoenix [BCS-1026865, DEB-0423704, DEB-9714833]; Plum Island, Boston [OCE-1058747, 1238212]; Cedar Creek, Minneapolis-St. Paul [DEB-0620652]; Florida Coastal Everglades, Miami [DBI-0620409] FX Two anonymous reviewers provided extremely helpful comments on manuscript drafts. This research is supported by the Macro-Systems Biology Program (US NSF) under Grants EF-1065548, -1065737, -1065740, -1065741, -1065772, -1065785, -1065831, and -121238320. The work arose from research funded by grants from the NSF LTER program for Baltimore (DEB-0423476); Phoenix (BCS-1026865, DEB-0423704, and DEB-9714833); Plum Island, Boston (OCE-1058747 and 1238212); Cedar Creek, Minneapolis-St. Paul (DEB-0620652); and Florida Coastal Everglades, Miami (DBI-0620409). NR 57 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 6 U2 74 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAR 25 PY 2014 VL 111 IS 12 BP 4432 EP 4437 DI 10.1073/pnas.1323995111 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AD6CK UT WOS:000333341100032 PM 24616515 ER PT J AU Mladenova, IE Jackson, TJ Njoku, E Bindlish, R Chan, S Cosh, MH Holmes, TRH de Jeu, RAM Jones, L Kimball, J Paloscia, S Santi, E AF Mladenova, I. E. Jackson, T. J. Njoku, E. Bindlish, R. Chan, S. Cosh, M. H. Holmes, T. R. H. de Jeu, R. A. M. Jones, L. Kimball, J. Paloscia, S. Santi, E. TI Remote monitoring of soil moisture using passive microwave-based techniques - Theoretical basis and overview of selected algorithms for AMSR-E SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Soil moisture; Algorithms; Passive microwave; Radiative transfer modeling; Forward/inverse modeling; AMSR-E ID VEGETATION OPTICAL DEPTH; POLARIZATION DIFFERENCE INDEX; LAND-SURFACE MODELS; NEURAL-NETWORKS; BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURES; SATELLITE-OBSERVATIONS; SCANNING RADIOMETER; DIELECTRIC BEHAVIOR; WET SOIL; RETRIEVAL AB Satellite-based passive microwave remote sensing has been shown to be a valuable tool in mapping and monitoring global soil moisture. The Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer on the Aqua platform (AMSR-E) has made significant contributions to this application. As the result of agency and individual initiatives, several approaches for the retrieval of soil moisture from AMSR-E have been proposed and implemented. Although the majority of these are based on the same Radiative Transfer Equation, studies have shown that the resulting soil moisture estimates can differ significantly. A primary goal of this investigation is to understand these differences and develop a suitable approach to potentially improve the algorithm currently used by NASA in producing its operational soil moisture product In order to achieve this goal, the theoretical basis of several alternative soil moisture retrieval algorithms are examined. Analysis has focused on five established approaches: the operational algorithm adopted by NASA, which is referred to as the Normalized Polarization Difference algorithm, the Single Channel Algorithm, the Land Parameter Retrieval Model, the University of Montana soil moisture algorithm, and the HydroAlgo Artificial Neural Network algorithm. Previous comparisons of these algorithms in the literature have typically focused on the retrieved soil moisture products, and employed different metrics and data sets, and have resulted in differing conclusions. In this investigation we attempt to provide a more thorough understanding of the fundamental differences between the algorithms and how these differences affect their performance in terms of range of soil moisture provided. The comparative overview presented in the paper is based on the operating versions of the source codes of the individual algorithms. Analysis has indicated that the differences between algorithms lie in the specific parameterizations and assumptions of each algorithm. The comparative overview of the theoretical basis of the approaches is linked to differences found in the soil moisture retrievals, leading to suggestions for improvements and increased reliability in these algorithms. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Mladenova, I. E.; Jackson, T. J.; Cosh, M. H.; Holmes, T. R. H.] USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Njoku, E.; Chan, S.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Bindlish, R.] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. [de Jeu, R. A. M.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Fac Earth & Life Sci, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Jones, L.; Kimball, J.] Univ Montana, Flathead Lake Biol Stn, Polson, MT 59860 USA. [Jones, L.; Kimball, J.] Univ Montana, Numer Terradynam Simulat Grp, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Paloscia, S.; Santi, E.] CNR, Inst Appl Phys, Florence, Italy. RP Mladenova, IE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, BARC West, B007,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Iliana.Mladenova@ARS.USDA.GOV RI Cosh, MIchael/A-8858-2015; Holmes, Thomas/F-4512-2010 OI Cosh, MIchael/0000-0003-4776-1918; Holmes, Thomas/0000-0002-4651-0079 NR 77 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 4 U2 52 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 EI 1879-0704 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD MAR 25 PY 2014 VL 144 BP 197 EP 213 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2014.01.013 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA AD8BD UT WOS:000333490600016 ER PT J AU Cesar, ASM Regitano, LCA Mourao, GB Tullio, RR Lanna, DPD Nassu, RT Mudado, MA Oliveira, PSN do Nascimento, ML Chaves, AS Alencar, MM Sonstegard, TS Garrick, DJ Reecy, JM Coutinho, LL AF Cesar, Aline S. M. Regitano, Luciana C. A. Mourao, Gerson B. Tullio, Rymer R. Lanna, Dante P. D. Nassu, Renata T. Mudado, Mauricio A. Oliveira, Priscila S. N. do Nascimento, Michele L. Chaves, Amalia S. Alencar, Mauricio M. Sonstegard, Tad S. Garrick, Dorian J. Reecy, James M. Coutinho, Luiz L. TI Genome-wide association study for intramuscular fat deposition and composition in Nellore cattle SO BMC GENETICS LA English DT Article DE Fatty acid; GWAS; Bos indicus; Beef; Positional candidate gene AB Background: Meat from Bos taurus and Bos indicus breeds are an important source of nutrients for humans and intramuscular fat (IMF) influences its flavor, nutritional value and impacts human health. Human consumption of fat that contains high levels of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) can reduce the concentration of undesirable cholesterol (LDL) in circulating blood. Different feeding practices and genetic variation within and between breeds influences the amount of IMF and fatty acid (FA) composition in meat. However, it is difficult and costly to determine fatty acid composition, which has precluded beef cattle breeding programs from selecting for a healthier fatty acid profile. In this study, we employed a high-density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip to genotype 386 Nellore steers, a Bos indicus breed and, a Bayesian approach to identify genomic regions and putative candidate genes that could be involved with deposition and composition of IMF. Results: Twenty-three genomic regions (1-Mb SNP windows) associated with IMF deposition and FA composition that each explain >= 1% of the genetic variance were identified on chromosomes 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 17, 26 and 27. Many of these regions were not previously detected in other breeds. The genes present in these regions were identified and some can help explain the genetic basis of deposition and composition of fat in cattle. Conclusions: The genomic regions and genes identified contribute to a better understanding of the genetic control of fatty acid deposition and can lead to DNA-based selection strategies to improve meat quality for human consumption. C1 [Cesar, Aline S. M.; Mourao, Gerson B.; Lanna, Dante P. D.; do Nascimento, Michele L.; Chaves, Amalia S.; Coutinho, Luiz L.] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Anim Sci, BR-13418900 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. [Regitano, Luciana C. A.; Tullio, Rymer R.; Nassu, Renata T.; Mudado, Mauricio A.; Alencar, Mauricio M.] Embrapa Southeast Cattle Res Ctr, BR-13560970 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. [Oliveira, Priscila S. N.] Univ Fed Sao Carlos, Dept Genet & Evolut, BR-13565905 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. [Sonstegard, Tad S.] ARS, USDA, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Garrick, Dorian J.; Reecy, James M.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Coutinho, LL (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Anim Sci, BR-13418900 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. EM llcoutinho@usp.br RI de Alvarenga Mudadu, Mauricio/B-6524-2014; Nassu, Renata/B-7627-2012; Lanna, Dante /J-5475-2014; Mourao, Gerson/D-2064-2012; OI de Alvarenga Mudadu, Mauricio/0000-0002-2767-2507; Lanna, Dante /0000-0002-7082-8853; Mourao, Gerson/0000-0002-0990-4108; Garrick, Dorian/0000-0001-8640-5372 FU EMBRAPA (Macroprograma 1); FAPESP [2011/00005-7, 2012/02383-1]; CNPq FX This study was conducted with funding from EMBRAPA (Macroprograma 1, 01/2005) and FAPESP (process number 2011/00005-7 and 2012/02383-1). LR, MA, GBM and LC were granted CNPq fellowships. The authors would like to acknowledge the collaborative efforts among EMBRAPA, University of Sao Paulo, Iowa State University and USDA ARS Bovine Functional Genomics Laboratory, and fruitful discussions with Madhi Saatchi, Xiaochen Sun and Anna Wolc. NR 77 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 9 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2156 J9 BMC GENET JI BMC Genet. PD MAR 25 PY 2014 VL 15 AR 39 DI 10.1186/1471-2156-15-39 PG 15 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA V42CE UT WOS:000209591100001 PM 24666668 ER PT J AU Cui, XG Hou, YL Yang, SH Xie, Y Zhang, SL Zhang, Y Zhang, Q Lu, XM Liu, GE Sun, DX AF Cui, Xiaogang Hou, Yali Yang, Shaohua Xie, Yan Zhang, Shengli Zhang, Yuan Zhang, Qin Lu, Xuemei Liu, George E. Sun, Dongxiao TI Transcriptional profiling of mammary gland in Holstein cows with extremely different milk protein and fat percentage using RNA sequencing SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Transcriptome; Differentially expressed gene; Mammary gland; Protein percentage; Fat percentage; RNA-Seq; Dairy cattle ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; FALSE DISCOVERY RATE; DAIRY-CATTLE; GENE-EXPRESSION; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; BOVINE EMBRYOS; SCAN; YIELD; SEQ AB Background: Recently, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) has rapidly emerged as a major transcriptome profiling system. Elucidation of the bovine mammary gland transcriptome by RNA-seq is essential for identifying candidate genes that contribute to milk composition traits in dairy cattle. Results: We used massive, parallel, high-throughput, RNA-seq to generate the bovine transcriptome from the mammary glands of four lactating Holstein cows with extremely high and low phenotypic values of milk protein and fat percentage. In total, we obtained 48,967,376-75,572,578 uniquely mapped reads that covered 82.25% of the current annotated transcripts, which represented 15549 mRNA transcripts, across all the four mammary gland samples. Among them, 31 differentially expressed genes (p < 0.05, false discovery rate q < 0.05) between the high and low groups of cows were revealed. Gene ontology and pathway analysis demonstrated that the 31 differently expressed genes were enriched in specific biological processes with regard to protein metabolism, fat metabolism, and mammary gland development (p < 0.05). Integrated analysis of differential gene expression, previously reported quantitative trait loci, and genome-wide association studies indicated that TRIB3, SAA (SAA1, SAA3, and M-SAA3.2), VEGFA, PTHLH, and RPL23A were the most promising candidate genes affecting milk protein and fat percentage. Conclusions: This study investigated the complexity of the mammary gland transcriptome in dairy cattle using RNA-seq. Integrated analysis of differential gene expression and the reported quantitative trait loci and genome-wide association study data permitted the identification of candidate key genes for milk composition traits. C1 [Cui, Xiaogang; Yang, Shaohua; Xie, Yan; Zhang, Shengli; Zhang, Yuan; Zhang, Qin; Sun, Dongxiao] China Agr Univ, Key Lab Anim Genet & Breeding, Minist Agr, Natl Engn Lab Anim Breeding,Coll Anim Sci & Techn, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Hou, Yali; Lu, Xuemei] Chinese Acad Sci, Lab Dis Genom & Individualized Med, Beijing Inst Genom, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China. [Liu, George E.] USDA ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, ANRI, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Sun, DX (reprint author), China Agr Univ, Key Lab Anim Genet & Breeding, Minist Agr, Natl Engn Lab Anim Breeding,Coll Anim Sci & Techn, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. EM sundx@cau.edu.cn FU National Science and Technology Programs of China [2013AA102504, 2011BAD28B02, 2012BAD12B01, 2014ZX08009-053B]; Beijing Innovation Team of Technology System in the National Dairy Industry; Beijing Research and Technology Program [D121100003312001]; Program for Changjiang Scholar and Innovation Research Team in University [IRT1191] FX This work was supported by the National Science and Technology Programs of China (2013AA102504, 2011BAD28B02, 2012BAD12B01, 2014ZX08009-053B), the Beijing Innovation Team of Technology System in the National Dairy Industry, the Beijing Research and Technology Program (D121100003312001), and the Program for Changjiang Scholar and Innovation Research Team in University (IRT1191). The authors would also like to thank the Dairy Data Center of China for providing pedigree information and DHI data for Chinese Holstein cows. NR 73 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 6 U2 48 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD MAR 24 PY 2014 VL 15 AR 226 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-15-226 PG 15 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA AD8RB UT WOS:000333532200001 PM 24655368 ER PT J AU Wang, CJ Han, GD Wang, SP Zhai, XJ Brown, J Havstad, KM Ma, XZ Wilkes, A Zhao, ML Tang, SM Zhou, P Jiang, YY Lu, TT Wang, ZW Li, ZG AF Wang, Chengjie Han, Guodong Wang, Shiping Zhai, Xiajie Brown, Joel Havstad, Kris M. Ma, Xiuzhi Wilkes, Andreas Zhao, Mengli Tang, Shiming Zhou, Pei Jiang, Yuanyuan Lu, Tingting Wang, Zhongwu Li, Zhiguo TI Sound management may sequester methane in grazed rangeland ecosystems SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID EMISSIONS; CHINA; SHEEP AB Considering their contribution to global warming, the sources and sinks of methane (CH4) should be accounted when undertaking a greenhouse gas inventory for grazed rangeland ecosystems. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mitigation potential of current ecological management programs implemented in the main rangeland regions of China. The influences of rangeland improvement, utilization and livestock production on CH4 flux/emission were assessed to estimate CH4 reduction potential. Results indicate that the grazed rangeland ecosystem is currently a net source of atmospheric CH4. However, there is potential to convert the ecosystem to a net sink by improving management practices. Previous assessments of capacity for CH4 uptake in grazed rangeland ecosystems have not considered improved livestock management practices and thus underestimated potential for CH4 uptake. Optimal fertilization, rest and light grazing, and intensification of livestock management contribute mitigation potential significantly. C1 [Wang, Chengjie; Han, Guodong; Zhai, Xiajie; Zhao, Mengli; Tang, Shiming; Zhou, Pei; Jiang, Yuanyuan; Lu, Tingting; Wang, Zhongwu; Li, Zhiguo] Inner Mongolia Agr Univ, Coll Ecol & Environm Sci, Hohhot 010018, Peoples R China. [Wang, Shiping] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Tibetan Plateau Res, Lab Alpine Ecol & Biodivers, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Brown, Joel; Havstad, Kris M.] USDA, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Ma, Xiuzhi] Inner Mongolia Agr Univ, Coll Forest Sci, Hohhot 010018, Peoples R China. [Wilkes, Andreas] World Agroforestry Ctr, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. RP Han, GD (reprint author), Inner Mongolia Agr Univ, Coll Ecol & Environm Sci, Hohhot 010018, Peoples R China. EM nmghanguodong@163.com; wangsp@itpcas.ac.cn FU Chinese National Natural Science Foundation [31160109, 31270502]; Inner Mongolia Palmary Youth Project [2010JQ04]; Research Project of Chinese Ministry of Education [213006A]; National Commonweal Special Project [201003019, 200903060]; State Key Lab of Grassland Resource; Ministry of Education of P. R. China; Innovative Research Team FX This research was funded by the Chinese National Natural Science Foundation (31160109, 31270502), Inner Mongolia Palmary Youth Project (2010JQ04), the Research Project of Chinese Ministry of Education (213006A), the National Commonweal Special Project (Agriculture: 201003019, 200903060), State Key Lab of Grassland Resource, and Innovative Research Team Supported by the Ministry of Education of P. R. China. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 38 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD MAR 24 PY 2014 VL 4 AR 4444 DI 10.1038/srep04444 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AD4RU UT WOS:000333239000004 PM 24658176 ER PT J AU Norrbom, AL Castillo-Meza, AL Garcia-Chavez, JH Aluja, M Rull, J AF Norrbom, Allen L. Lucia Castillo-Meza, Ana Hector Garcia-Chavez, Juan Aluja, Martin Rull, Juan TI A new species of Anastrepha (Diptera: Tephritidae) from Euphorbia tehuacana (Euphorbiaceae) in Mexico SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE fruit flies; taxonomy; host plant ID CLADE AB Anastrepha tehuacana, a new species of Tephritidae (Diptera) from Tehuacan, Puebla, Mexico reared from seeds of Euphorbia tehuacana (Brandegee) V.W. Steinm. (Euphorbiaceae), is described and illustrated. Its probable relationship to A. relicta Hernandez-Ortiz is discussed. C1 [Norrbom, Allen L.] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Lucia Castillo-Meza, Ana; Hector Garcia-Chavez, Juan] Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Escuela Biol, Puebla, Mexico. [Aluja, Martin; Rull, Juan] Inst Ecol AC, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico. RP Norrbom, AL (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Smithsonian Inst, POB 37012,MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM allen.norrbom@ars.usda.gov FU Terrence Walters (USDA, APHIS, CPHST) FX Jerrett McCormick, Lucrecia Rodriguez, George Venable, and Taina Litwak helped to produce or enhance some of the illustrations, and Terrence Walters (USDA, APHIS, CPHST) secured funding for some of the illustration work. We especially thank Vicente Hernandez-Ortiz (IEXA) for reexamining the types of A. relicta, and he and Roberto Zucchi (Universidade do Sao Paulo) and Cheslavo Korytkowski (Universidad de Panama) for comments on previous drafts of the manuscript. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD MAR 24 PY 2014 VL 3780 IS 3 BP 567 EP 576 PG 10 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AD3VJ UT WOS:000333174000008 PM 24871852 ER PT J AU Nair, SS Zhu, JY Deng, YL Ragauskas, AJ AF Nair, Sandeep S. Zhu, J. Y. Deng, Yulin Ragauskas, Arthur J. TI Characterization of cellulose nanofibrillation by micro grinding SO JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Cellulose fiber; Microfibril aggregate; Nanofibrillation; Micro grinder; Morphological characterization; Tensile property; Wood product ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; PULP FIBERS; STRENGTH; NANOBARRIERS; NANOPAPER; PAPER; WOOD AB A fundamental understanding of the morphological development of cellulose fibers during fibrillation using micro grinder is very essential to develop effective strategies for process improvement and to reduce energy consumption. We demonstrated some simple measures for characterizing cellulose fibers fibrillated at different fibrillation times through the grinder. The morphology and degree of fibrillation of the samples at different stages of fibrillation were characterized. The fibrillation and mechanical properties reached a maximum in 2 h, and did not show any significant change with further grinding. The lateral dimensions of the smallest nanofibrils were between 15 and 40 nm. A slight reduction in the crystallinity and degree of polymerization did not lead to decrease in mechanical properties of cellulose films. The lower tensile properties at the initial stages of fibrillation are mainly due to the presence of limited refined and heterogeneously treated fibers. C1 [Nair, Sandeep S.; Ragauskas, Arthur J.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Zhu, J. Y.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Deng, Yulin] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biomol Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Ragauskas, AJ (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, 500 10th St,NW, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM arthur.ragauskas@chemistry.gatech.edu OI Ragauskas, Arthur/0000-0002-3536-554X FU USDA Forest Service R&D special funding on Cellulose Nano-Materials FX This work was partially supported by the USDA Forest Service R&D special funding on Cellulose Nano-Materials (2012). NR 33 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 39 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-0764 EI 1572-896X J9 J NANOPART RES JI J. Nanopart. Res. PD MAR 22 PY 2014 VL 16 IS 4 AR 2349 DI 10.1007/s11051-014-2349-7 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA AD4FH UT WOS:000333202700001 ER PT J AU McFrederick, QS Mueller, UG James, RR AF McFrederick, Quinn S. Mueller, Ulrich G. James, Rosalind R. TI Interactions between fungi and bacteria influence microbial community structure in the Megachile rotundata larval gut SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE insect disease; insect symbiosis; next-generation sequencing; chalkbrood; Arsenophonus; bee-microbe interactions ID ALFALFA LEAFCUTTING BEE; APIS-MELLIFERA; HONEY-BEE; ASCOSPHAERA-AGGREGATA; FAB HYMENOPTERA; SOLITARY BEE; SUSCEPTIBILITY; MICROORGANISMS; IDENTIFICATION; ARSENOPHONUS AB Recent declines in bee populations coupled with advances in DNA-sequencing technology have sparked a renaissance in studies of bee-associated microbes. Megachile rotundata is an important field crop pollinator, but is stricken by chalkbrood, a disease caused by the fungus Ascosphaera aggregata. To test the hypothesis that some gut microbes directly or indirectly affect the growth of others, we applied four treatments to the pollen provisions of M. rotundata eggs and young larvae: antibacterials, antifungals, A. aggregata spores and a no-treatment control. We allowed the larvae to develop, and then used 454 pyrosequencing and quantitative PCR (for A. aggregata) to investigate fungal and bacterial communities in the larval gut. Antifungals lowered A. aggregata abundance but increased the diversity of surviving fungi. This suggests that A. aggregata inhibits the growth of other fungi in the gut through chemical or competitive interaction. Bacterial richness decreased under the antifungal treatment, suggesting that changes in the fungal community caused changes in the bacterial community. We found no evidence that bacteria affect fungal communities. Lactobacillus kunkeei clade bacteria were common members of the larval gut microbiota and exhibited antibiotic resistance. Further research is needed to determine the effect of gut microbes on M. rotundata health. C1 [McFrederick, Quinn S.; Mueller, Ulrich G.] Univ Texas Austin, Sect Integrat Biol, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [James, Rosalind R.] Utah State Univ, ARS, USDA, Bee Biol & Systemat Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP McFrederick, QS (reprint author), Calif State Univ Fresno, Dept Biol, 255 E San Ramon M-S SB73, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. EM qmcfrederick@csufresno.edu FU National Science Foundation [PRFB-1003133, DEB-0919519]; Pollinating Insects Research Unit of the United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Research Service [58-5428-2-323] FX This material is based on work supported by National Science Foundation grant PRFB-1003133 awarded to Q. S. M., grant DEB-0919519 awarded to U. G. M. and by the Pollinating Insects Research Unit of the United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Research Service (Specific Cooperative Agreement Number 58-5428-2-323). NR 45 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 9 U2 73 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8452 EI 1471-2954 J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD MAR 22 PY 2014 VL 281 IS 1779 AR 20132653 DI 10.1098/rspb.2013.2653 PG 8 WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA AC2YR UT WOS:000332382700012 PM 24478297 ER PT J AU Londo, JP McKinney, J Schwartz, M Bollman, M Sagers, C Watrud, L AF Londo, Jason Paul McKinney, John Schwartz, Matthew Bollman, Mike Sagers, Cynthia Watrud, Lidia TI Sub-lethal glyphosate exposure alters flowering phenology and causes transient male-sterility in Brassica spp SO BMC PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Herbicide drift; Glyphosate; Glufosinate; Brassica; Transgene escape; Canola (R) ID HERBICIDE RESISTANCE; LOLIUM-RIGIDUM; BOUNDARY VEGETATION; POLLEN VIABILITY; RAPID EVOLUTION; DRIFT; COTTON; COMMUNITIES; MANAGEMENT; CROPS AB Background: Herbicide resistance in weedy plant populations can develop through different mechanisms such as gene flow of herbicide resistance transgenes from crop species into compatible weedy species or by natural evolution of herbicide resistance or tolerance following selection pressure. Results from our previous studies suggest that sub-lethal levels of the herbicide glyphosate can alter the pattern of gene flow between glyphosate resistant Canola (R), Brassica napus, and glyphosate sensitive varieties of B. napus and B. rapa. The objectives of this study were to examine the phenological and developmental changes that occur in Brassica crop and weed species following sub-lethal doses of the herbicides glyphosate and glufosinate. We examined several vegetative and reproductive traits of potted plants under greenhouse conditions, treated with sub-lethal herbicide sprays. Results: Our results indicate that exposure of Brassica spp. to a sub-lethal dose of glyphosate results in altering flowering phenology and reproductive function. Flowering of all sensitive species was significantly delayed and reproductive function, specifically male fertility, was suppressed. Higher dosage levels typically contributed to an increase in the magnitude of phenotypic changes. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that Brassica spp. plants that are exposed to sub-lethal doses of glyphosate could be subject to very different pollination patterns and an altered pattern of gene flow that would result from changes in the overlap of flowering phenology between species. Implications include the potential for increased glyphosate resistance evolution and spread in weedy communities exposed to sub-lethal glyphosate. C1 [Londo, Jason Paul] USDA ARS, Grape Genet Res Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Londo, Jason Paul; McKinney, John; Schwartz, Matthew; Bollman, Mike; Sagers, Cynthia; Watrud, Lidia] US EPA, NHEERL, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Sagers, Cynthia] Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [McKinney, John] Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Civil Architectural & Environm Engn, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. [Schwartz, Matthew] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Londo, JP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grape Genet Res Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. EM Jason.londo@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; USDA CREES NRI [35615-19216] FX We would like to acknowledge horticultural and technical support provided by George King, Milt Plocher, Marjorie Storm, Gail Heine, and Fred Senecal (Dynamac Corporation). The information in this document has been funded wholly (or in part) by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory's Western Ecology Division and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. A portion of this work was completed with funding from USDA CREES NRI 35615-19216 to CLS. NR 32 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 26 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2229 J9 BMC PLANT BIOL JI BMC Plant Biol. PD MAR 21 PY 2014 VL 14 AR 70 DI 10.1186/1471-2229-14-70 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AF9ZH UT WOS:000335072700002 PM 24655547 ER PT J AU Mirik, M Ansley, RJ Steddom, K Rush, CM Michels, GJ Workneh, F Cui, S Elliott, NC AF Mirik, Mustafa Ansley, R. James Steddom, Karl Rush, Charles M. Michels, Gerald J. Workneh, Fekede Cui, Song Elliott, Norman C. TI High spectral and spatial resolution hyperspectral imagery for quantifying Russian wheat aphid infestation in wheat using the constrained energy minimization classifier SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE Russian wheat aphid; insect infestation; pest management; wheat; remote sensing; geospatial data; hyperspectral imagery ID YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK; ACCURACY ASSESSMENT; WINTER-WHEAT; DISEASE DETECTION; HEMIPTERA APHIDIDAE; REFLECTANCE; STRESS; DAMAGE; SPECTRORADIOMETRY; SPECTROMETRY AB The effects of insect infestation in agricultural crops are of major ecological and economic interest because of reduced yield, increased cost of pest control and increased risk of environmental contamination from insecticide application. The Russian wheat aphid (RWA, Diuraphis noxia) is an insect pest that causes damage to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). We proposed that concentrated RWA feeding areas, referred to as "hotspots," could be identified and isolated from uninfested areas within a field for site specific aphid management using remotely sensed data. Our objectives were to ( 1) investigate the reflectance characteristics of infested and uninfested wheat by RWA and (2) evaluate utility of airborne hyperspectral imagery with 1-m spatial resolution for detecting, quantifying, and mapping RWA infested areas in commercial winter wheat fields using the constrained energy minimization classifier. Percent surface reflectance from uninfested wheat was lower in the visible and higher in the near infrared portions of the spectrum when compared with RWA-infested wheat. The overall classification accuracies of > 89% for damage detection were achieved. These results indicate that hyperspectral imagery can be effectively used for accurate detection and quantification of RWA infestation in wheat for site-specific aphid management. (C) The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI. C1 [Mirik, Mustafa; Ansley, R. James] Texas A&M AgriLife Res & Extens Ctr, Vernon, TX 76385 USA. [Steddom, Karl] Kilgore Coll, Dept Biol, Kilgore, TX 75662 USA. [Rush, Charles M.; Michels, Gerald J.; Workneh, Fekede] Texas A&M AgriLife Res & Extens Ctr, Amarillo, TX 79012 USA. [Cui, Song] Middle Tennessee State Univ, SAG 112, Murfreesboro, TN 37132 USA. [Elliott, Norman C.] ARS, USDA, Plant Sci Res Lab, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. RP Mirik, M (reprint author), Texas A&M AgriLife Res & Extens Ctr, 11708 Highway 70 South, Vernon, TX 76385 USA. EM mustafamirik@gmail.com FU USDA-ARS Areawide Pest Management Program [500-44-012-00] FX Our special thanks to Robert Bowling and Roxanne Bowling for their help and beneficial discussion. We are thankful to Johnny Bible, Robert Villarreal, David Jones, Joy Newton, Sabina Mirik, Daniel Jiminez, and Timothy Johnson for technical assistance. This study was funded by the USDA-ARS Areawide Pest Management Program. Project Number: 500-44-012-00. NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 9 U2 43 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 1931-3195 J9 J APPL REMOTE SENS JI J. Appl. Remote Sens. PD MAR 21 PY 2014 VL 8 AR 083661 DI 10.1117/1.JRS.8.083661 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA AD9CZ UT WOS:000333563600002 ER PT J AU Anyamba, A Small, JL Britch, SC Tucker, CJ Pak, EW Reynolds, CA Crutchfield, J Linthicum, KJ AF Anyamba, Assaf Small, Jennifer L. Britch, Seth C. Tucker, Compton J. Pak, Edwin W. Reynolds, Curt A. Crutchfield, James Linthicum, Kenneth J. TI Recent Weather Extremes and Impacts on Agricultural Production and Vector-Borne Disease Outbreak Patterns SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID RIFT-VALLEY FEVER; WEST NILE VIRUS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; CROP YIELDS; EL-NINO; NOAA-AVHRR; VEGETATION; ENCEPHALITIS; TEMPERATURE AB We document significant worldwide weather anomalies that affected agriculture and vector-borne disease outbreaks during the 2010-2012 period. We utilized 2000-2012 vegetation index and land surface temperature data from NASA's satellite-based Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) to map the magnitude and extent of these anomalies for diverse regions including the continental United States, Russia, East Africa, Southern Africa, and Australia. We demonstrate that shifts in temperature and/or precipitation have significant impacts on vegetation patterns with attendant consequences for agriculture and public health. Weather extremes resulted in excessive rainfall and flooding as well as severe drought, which caused similar to 10 to 80% variation in major agricultural commodity production (including wheat, corn, cotton, sorghum) and created exceptional conditions for extensive mosquito-borne disease outbreaks of dengue, Rift Valley fever, Murray Valley encephalitis, and West Nile virus disease. Analysis of MODIS data provided a standardized method for quantifying the extreme weather anomalies observed during this period. Assessments of land surface conditions from satellite-based systems such as MODIS can be a valuable tool in national, regional, and global weather impact determinations. C1 [Anyamba, Assaf; Small, Jennifer L.; Tucker, Compton J.; Pak, Edwin W.; Reynolds, Curt A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Biospher Sci Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Britch, Seth C.; Linthicum, Kenneth J.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL USA. [Crutchfield, James] USDA, Int Prod & Assessment Div, Foreign Agr Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Anyamba, Assaf] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD USA. [Small, Jennifer L.; Pak, Edwin W.] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD USA. RP Anyamba, A (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Biospher Sci Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM assaf.anyamba@nasa.gov FU USDA Foreign Agricultural Service; DoD Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center's Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System (AFHSC/GEIS) under the Human Febrile and Vector -Borne Illnesses (FVBI) Program; USDA Agricultural Research Service FX This work was made possible by funding from USDA Foreign Agricultural Service towards the Global Agricultural Monitoring project, DoD Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center's Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System (AFHSC/GEIS) under the Human Febrile and Vector -Borne Illnesses (FVBI) Program and USDA Agricultural Research Service. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 58 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 7 U2 86 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 21 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 3 AR e92538 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0092538 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AD6GL UT WOS:000333355300095 PM 24658301 ER PT J AU Valdez-Aguilar, LA Grieve, CM Poss, JA AF Valdez-Aguilar, Luis A. Grieve, Catherine M. Poss, James A. TI RESPONSE OF LISIANTHUS TO IRRIGATION WITH SALINE WATER: ION RELATIONS SO JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE cut flowers; nutrient accumulation; salinity; stress physiology; water reuse ID SODIUM-CHLORIDE STRESS; SALT STRESS; NUTRIENT-UPTAKE; PLANTS; TOMATO; CALCIUM; GROWTH; MAGNESIUM; TOLERANCE; TRANSPORT AB Eustoma grandiflorum (Raf.) Shinn. (lisianthus) is a moderately salt tolerant species that can be produced commercially under irrigation with saline wastewaters prevalent in two salt-affected areas of California. The objective of the present studies was to determine the effect of irrigation with saline waters of two different compositions on the ion accumulation and ion relations of lisianthus Pure White' and Echo Blue'. The ionic composition of irrigation waters simulated the compositions typical of i) seawater dilutions (SWD) and ii) concentrations of Colorado River water (CCRW). Electrical conductivities (EC) of SWD and CCRW were between 2 and 12 dS m(-1). Plants irrigated with CCRW were higher in Ca2+ compared to plants irrigated with SWD water. Calcium was also higher in Pure White' than in Echo Blue'. Increasing EC of irrigation water caused a significant decrease in shoot and leaf Ca2+ concentration in Echo Blue', but had no effect on Ca2+ content of Pure White' shoots and leaves. Magnesium concentration in Echo Blue' was higher than in Pure White'. Electrical conductivity did not significantly affect Mg2+ concentration of either cultivar, despite the increasingly higher external concentration. Potassium concentration of young and mature leaves of Echo Blue' increased as EC increased from 2 to 8 dS m(-1), then decreased significantly once EC exceeded 8 dS m(-1). Potassium concentration of Pure White' leaves decreased over the range of salinity treatments tested, suggesting that the reduced potassium ion (K+) activity at EC levels of 8 dS m(-1), or less, that resulted in lower leaf-K+ in Pure White' did not cause a decrease in K+ uptake in Echo Blue'. Increases in external Na+ caused a significant increase in Na+ in Pure White' leaves and these plants exhibited the best growth even when levels of Na+ were high enough to be considered detrimental for growth. C1 [Valdez-Aguilar, Luis A.] Univ Autonoma Agr Antonio Narro, Dept Hort, Saltillo 25315, Coahuila, Mexico. [Grieve, Catherine M.; Poss, James A.] ARS, USDA, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA USA. RP Valdez-Aguilar, LA (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Agr Antonio Narro, Dept Hort, Calzada Antonio Narro 1923, Saltillo 25315, Coahuila, Mexico. EM luisalonso.valdez@uaaan.mx OI Valdez-Aguilar, Luis A./0000-0002-2510-1962 NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 21 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 520 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0190-4167 EI 1532-4087 J9 J PLANT NUTR JI J. Plant Nutr. PD MAR 21 PY 2014 VL 37 IS 4 BP 546 EP 561 DI 10.1080/01904167.2013.867982 PG 16 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AA3ZF UT WOS:000331033000006 ER PT J AU Semiz, GD Suarez, DL Unlukara, A Yurtseven, E AF Semiz, G. Duygu Suarez, Donald L. Unlukara, Ali Yurtseven, Engin TI INTERACTIVE EFFECTS OF SALINITY AND N ON PEPPER ( CAPSICUM ANNUUM L.) YIELD, WATER USE EFFICIENCY AND ROOT ZONE AND DRAINAGE SALINITY SO JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE irrigation; water quality; soil salinity; pepper (Capsicum annuum L; ); nitrogen fertilization; yield ID SALT-TOLERANCE; IRRIGATION WATER; FRUIT-QUALITY; NITROGEN; PLANTS; TOMATO; GROWTH; FERTILIZATION; CHLORIDE; REQUIREMENTS AB The aim of this study was to determine the salt tolerance of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) under greenhouse conditions and to examine the interactive effects of salinity and nitrogen (N) fertilizer levels on yield. The present study shows the effects of optimal and suboptimal N fertilizer levels (270kg ha(-1) and 135kg ha(-1)) in combination with five different irrigation waters of varying electrical conductivity (EC) (ECiw = 0.25, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 4.0, and 6.0 dS m(-1)) and three replicates per treatment. At optimal N level, yield decreased when the irrigation water salinity was above ECiw 2 dS m(-1). At the suboptimal N level, a significant decrease in yield occurred only above ECiw 4 dS m(-1). At high salinity levels the salinity stress was dominant with respect to yield and response was similar for both N levels. Based on the results it can also be concluded that under saline conditions (higher than threshold salinity for a given crop) there is a lesser need for N fertilization relative to the optimal levels established in the absence of other significant stresses. C1 [Semiz, G. Duygu; Yurtseven, Engin] Ankara Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Farm Struct & Irrigat, TR-06190 Ankara, Turkey. [Suarez, Donald L.] USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92501 USA. [Unlukara, Ali] Erciyes Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Biosyst Engn, Kayseri, Turkey. RP Semiz, GD (reprint author), Ankara Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Farm Struct & Irrigat, Tarimsal Yapilar & Sulama Bolumu, TR-06190 Ankara, Turkey. EM kesmezduygu@gmail.com NR 40 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 36 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 520 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0190-4167 EI 1532-4087 J9 J PLANT NUTR JI J. Plant Nutr. PD MAR 21 PY 2014 VL 37 IS 4 BP 595 EP 610 DI 10.1080/01904167.2013.867985 PG 16 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AA3ZF UT WOS:000331033000009 ER PT J AU Jahns, L Kranz, S AF Jahns, Lisa Kranz, Sibylle TI High proportions of foods recommended for consumption by United States Dietary Guidance contain solid fats and added sugar: results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007-2008) SO NUTRITION JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Solid fats; Added sugars; WWEIA; NHANES; Diet quality AB Background: The 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) recommend that individuals age two years and older reduce intakes of solid fats (SoF) and added sugars (AS; together SoFAS). MyPlate illustrates the proportions of five major food groups to promote healthy eating (Vegetables, Grains, Protein Foods, Fruits and Dairy). Methods: To assess if the foods currently consumed by Americans are in concordance with the DGA, food consumption data from What We Eat In America, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (WWEIA- NHANES) 2007- 2008 (n = 8 527) was used to estimate the proportion of foods that contained SoFAS and to report them by food group. Weighted analysis was conducted to be nationally representative. Results: The Dairy group contained the highest proportion (93%) of either SoF or AS, followed by Grains (70% SoF; 70% AS; 50% both). Fruits contained the least SoFAS (7%). Conclusions: Results suggest that the high proportion of SoFAS in each recommended food group makes it challenging for Americans to reduce their intake of SoFAS. C1 [Jahns, Lisa] USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58203 USA. [Kranz, Sibylle] Purdue Univ, Coll Hlth & Human Sci, Dept Nutr Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Jahns, L (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, 2420 2nd Ave N, Grand Forks, ND 58203 USA. EM lisa.jahns@ars.usda.gov OI Jahns, Lisa/0000-0002-1828-6962 FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [USDA 5450-51000-049-00D] FX The authors thank the staff of the USDA Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center in Grand Forks, ND, especially LuAnn K. Johnson, who worked directly with the primary authors on the food coding schemes and their application to the NHANES data set. Financial support was provided by the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, USDA 5450-51000-049-00D. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USDA or the Agricultural Research Service, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement from the U.S. government. The USDA had no role in the design, analysis or writing of this article. NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2891 J9 NUTR J JI Nutr. J. PD MAR 20 PY 2014 VL 13 AR 23 DI 10.1186/1475-2891-13-23 PG 6 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AF1IN UT WOS:000334467700001 PM 24649969 ER PT J AU Gorski, L Walker, S Liang, AS Nguyen, KM Govoni, J Carychao, D Cooley, MB Mandrell, RE AF Gorski, Lisa Walker, Samarpita Liang, Anita S. Nguyen, Kimberly M. Govoni, Jessica Carychao, Diana Cooley, Michael B. Mandrell, Robert E. TI Comparison of Subtypes of Listeria monocytogenes Isolates from Naturally Contaminated Watershed Samples with and without a Selective Secondary Enrichment SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID TANDEM-REPEAT ANALYSIS; LOCUS VARIABLE-NUMBER; IMMUNOMAGNETIC SEPARATION; CHROMOGENIC AGAR; FOOD; STRAINS; DIFFERENTIATION; IDENTIFICATION; DIVERSITY; RECOVERY AB Two enrichment methods for Listeria monocytogenes using Immuno Magnetic Separation (IMS) were tested to determine if they selected the same subtypes of isolates. Both methods used a non-selective primary enrichment and one included subculture in Fraser Broth, while the other involved direct plating of IMS beads. Sixty-two naturally contaminated watershed samples from the Central California Coast were used as a source of L. monocytogenes, and subtype diversity was measured by serotype and Multiple Number Variable Tandem Repeat Analysis (MLVA). Three different serotypes were detected from both methods with serotype 4b strains making up 87% of the isolates, serotype 1/2a making up 8%, and serotype 1/2b making up 5%. The data suggest that serotype 1/2a strains were more likely to be isolated from the Fraser Broth culture method. Sixty-two different MLVA types were detected and the more common MLVA types were detected by both culture methods. Forty-three MLVA types were detected only from one culture method or the other, while 19 types were detected from both culture methods. The most common MLVA type-12 was detected in 33 of the 62 water samples, and represented 31% of the isolates from both culture methods. This limited study provides evidence that using both enrichment culture methods allowed for detection of a greater diversity of isolates among the samples than the use of one method alone, and that a wide diversity of L. monocytogenes strains exist in this watershed. C1 [Gorski, Lisa; Walker, Samarpita; Liang, Anita S.; Nguyen, Kimberly M.; Govoni, Jessica; Carychao, Diana; Cooley, Michael B.; Mandrell, Robert E.] USDA ARS, Prod Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Gorski, L (reprint author), USDA ARS, Prod Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM lisa.gorski@ars.usda.gov FU Agricultural Research Service CRIS project [5325-42000-046-00D]; FDA grant [224-11-2044]; USDA-NIFA [5325-42000-047-05R] FX This work was funded through funds from Agricultural Research Service CRIS project 5325-42000-046-00D, FDA grant #224-11-2044, and USDA-NIFA grant project agreement 5325-42000-047-05R. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 37 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 19 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 20 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 3 AR e92467 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0092467 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AD6FV UT WOS:000333352800114 PM 24651315 ER PT J AU Kim, SP Park, SO Lee, SJ Nam, SH Friedman, M AF Kim, Sung Phil Park, Sun Ok Lee, Sang Jong Nam, Seok Hyun Friedman, Mendel TI A Polysaccharide Isolated from the Liquid Culture of Lentinus edodes (Shiitake) Mushroom Mycelia Containing Black Rice Bran Protects Mice against Salmonellosis through Upregulation of the Th1 Immune Reaction SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE antibacterial effect; polysaccharide; Lentinus edodes; black rice bran; salmonellosis; mushroom mycelia; prevention; immunostimulation ID ENTERICA SEROVAR ENTERITIDIS; INDUCED LIVER-DAMAGE; INFECTED MICE; VIRULENT SALMONELLA; WATER EXTRACT; BETA-GLUCAN; TYPHIMURIUM; INNATE; MORTALITY; STIMULATION AB The present study investigated the antibacterial effect of a bioprocessed polysaccharide (BPP) isolated from Lentinus edodes liquid mycelial culture supplemented with black rice bran against murine salmonellosis. BPP was not bactericidal in vitro, it did, however, stimulate uptake of the bacteria into RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells, as indicated by increased colony-forming unit (CFU) counts of the contents of the lysed macrophages incubated with Salmonella Typhimurium for 30 and 60 mm. Two hours postinfection, the bacterial counts drastically increased in the macrophages, but 4 and 8 h postinfection BPP extract-treated cells showed lower bacterial counts than the vehicle (saline phosphate pH 7.4 buffer, PBS)-treated control. BPP elicited altered morphology and markedly elevated inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS) mRNA and protein expression in the infected macrophage cells. BPP also activated leukocytes in S. Typhimurium-infected mice, as determined by spleen lymphocyte proliferation and IFN-gamma levels in mice sera. ELISA analysis on cytokine production by Th1 and Th2 immune cells from splenocytes of infected mice showed significant increases in the levels of the following Th1 cytokines: IL-1 beta, IL-2, IL-6, and IL-12. Histology assays of the livers of mice infected with a sublethal dose (1 x 10(4) CFU) of S. Typhimurium showed that BPP, administered daily through an intraperitoneal (ip) or oral route, protected against necrosis of the liver, a biomarker of in vivo salmonellosis. The lifespan of mice similarly infected with a lethal dose of S. Typhimurium (1 x 10(5) CFU) was significantly extended by ip injection or oral administration of the BPP without side effects. These results suggest that the activity of BPP against bacterial infection in mice occurs mainly through the activation of macrophage-mediated immune response resulting from augmented Th1 immunity. The significance of the results for microbial food safety and human health and further research needs are discussed. C1 [Kim, Sung Phil; Nam, Seok Hyun] Ajou Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Suwon 443749, South Korea. [Park, Sun Ok; Lee, Sang Jong] STR Biotech Co Ltd, Chunchon 200160, South Korea. [Friedman, Mendel] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Nam, SH (reprint author), Ajou Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Suwon 443749, South Korea. EM shnam@ajou.ac.kr; Mendel.Friedman@ars.usda.gov OI Friedman, Mendel/0000-0003-2582-7517 NR 38 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 55 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAR 19 PY 2014 VL 62 IS 11 BP 2384 EP 2391 DI 10.1021/jf405223q PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AD7HX UT WOS:000333435700008 PM 24593132 ER PT J AU Agunbiade, TA Coates, BS Datinon, B Djouaka, R Sun, WL Tamo, M Pittendrigh, BR AF Agunbiade, Tolulope A. Coates, Brad S. Datinon, Benjamin Djouaka, Rousseau Sun, Weilin Tamo, Manuele Pittendrigh, Barry R. TI Genetic Differentiation among Maruca vitrata F. (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Populations on Cultivated Cowpea and Wild Host Plants: Implications for Insect Resistance Management and Biological Control Strategies SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID MICROSATELLITE NULL ALLELES; EUROPEAN CORN-BORER; LEGUME POD BORER; AFRICAN ARMYWORM; BT-COTTON; MIGRATION; SOFTWARE; ECOLOGY; SUSTAINABILITY; BUTTERFLIES AB Maruca vitrata Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) is a polyphagous insect pest that feeds on a variety of leguminous plants in the tropics and subtropics. The contribution of host-associated genetic variation on population structure was investigated using analysis of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 1 (cox1) sequence and microsatellite marker data from M. vitrata collected from cultivated cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.), and alternative host plants Pueraria phaseoloides (Roxb.) Benth. var. javanica (Benth.) Baker, Loncocarpus sericeus (Poir), and Tephrosia candida (Roxb.). Analyses of microsatellite data revealed a significant global FST estimate of 0.05 (P <= 0.001). The program STRUCTURE estimated 2 genotypic clusters (co-ancestries) on the four host plants across 3 geographic locations, but little geographic variation was predicted among genotypes from different geographic locations using analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA; among group variation -0.68%) or F-statistics (F-ST(Loc) = 20.01; P = 0.62). These results were corroborated by mitochondrial haplotype data (phi(Loc)(ST) = 0.05; P = 0.92). In contrast, genotypes obtained from different host plants showed low but significant levels of genetic variation (F-ST(Host) = 0.04; P = 0.01), which accounted for 4.08% of the total genetic variation, but was not congruent with mitochondrial haplotype analyses (phi(Host)(ST) = 0.06; P = 0.27). Variation among host plants at a location and host plants among locations showed no consistent evidence for M. vitrata population subdivision. These results suggest that host plants do not significantly influence the genetic structure of M. vitrata, and this has implications for biocontrol agent releases as well as insecticide resistance management (IRM) for M. vitrata in West Africa. C1 [Agunbiade, Tolulope A.; Sun, Weilin; Pittendrigh, Barry R.] Univ Illinois, Dept Entomol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Coates, Brad S.] ARS, USDA, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA USA. [Datinon, Benjamin; Djouaka, Rousseau; Tamo, Manuele] Int Inst Trop Agr, Cotonou, Benin. RP Agunbiade, TA (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Entomol, 320 Morrill Hall, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM agunbia1@illinois.edu FU Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Legumes Innovation Lab; Bureau for Economic Growth, Agriculture, and Trade, US Agency for International Development [EDH-A-00-07-00005]; United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS: CRIS Project) [3625-22000-017-00]; Iowa Agriculture 567 and Home Economics Experiment Station, Ames, IA [3543] FX This project has been made possible through the International Student Research Fellowship to Tolulope A. Agunbiade by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. This project was also supported by the Legumes Innovation Lab, formerly known as the Dry Grains Pulses Collaborative Research Support Program (CRSP), by the Bureau for Economic Growth, Agriculture, and Trade, US Agency for International Development, under the terms of Grant No. EDH-A-00-07-00005. A portion of research data collection and analysis was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS: CRIS Project 3625-22000-017-00) and the Iowa Agriculture 567 and Home Economics Experiment Station, Ames, IA (Project 3543). The opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the funders. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 75 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 47 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 19 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 3 AR e92072 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0092072 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AD6ER UT WOS:000333348500079 PM 24647356 ER PT J AU Case, AJ Naruoka, Y Chen, XM Garland-Campbell, KA Zemetra, RS Carter, AH AF Case, Austin J. Naruoka, Yukiko Chen, Xianming Garland-Campbell, Kimberly A. Zemetra, Robert S. Carter, Arron H. TI Mapping Stripe Rust Resistance in a BrundageXCoda Winter Wheat Recombinant Inbred Line Population SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ADULT-PLANT RESISTANCE; TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L.; F-SP TRITICI; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; PUCCINIA-STRIIFORMIS; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; UNITED-STATES; HESSIAN FLY; CHROMOSOMAL LOCATION; SEEDLING RESISTANCE AB A recombinant inbred line (RIL) mapping population developed from a cross between winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars Coda and Brundage was evaluated for reaction to stripe rust (caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici). Two hundred and sixty eight RIL from the population were evaluated in replicated field trials in a total of nine site-year locations in the U. S. Pacific Northwest. Seedling reaction to stripe rust races PST-100, PST-114 and PST-127 was also examined. A linkage map consisting of 2,391 polymorphic DNA markers was developed covering all chromosomes of wheat with the exception of 1D. Two QTL on chromosome 1B were associated with adult plant and seedling reaction and were the most significant QTL detected. Together these QTL reduced adult plant infection type from a score of seven to a score of two reduced disease severity by an average of 25% and provided protection against race PST-100, PST-114 and PST-127 in the seedling stage. The location of these QTL and the race specificity provided by them suggest that observed effects at this locus are due to a complementation of the previously known but defeated resistances of the cultivar Tres combining with that of Madsen (the two parent cultivars of Coda). Two additional QTL on chromosome 3B and one on 5B were associated with adult plant reaction only, and a single QTL on chromosome 5D was associated with seedling reaction to PST-114. Coda has been resistant to stripe rust since its release in 2000, indicating that combining multiple resistance genes for stripe rust provides durable resistance, especially when all-stage resistance genes are combined in a fashion to maximize the number of races they protect against. Identified molecular markers will allow for an efficient transfer of these genes into other cultivars, thereby continuing to provide excellent resistance to stripe rust. C1 [Case, Austin J.; Naruoka, Yukiko; Carter, Arron H.] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chen, Xianming; Garland-Campbell, Kimberly A.] ARS, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, USDA, Pullman, WA USA. [Zemetra, Robert S.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Carter, AH (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM ahcarter@wsu.edu FU Washington State University Hatch Project [0232]; Washington Grain Alliance; National Research Initiative Competitive Grants CAP project from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-68002-30029] FX This project was supported by Washington State University Hatch Project 0232, the Washington Grain Alliance, and the National Research Initiative Competitive Grants CAP project 2011-68002-30029 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 78 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 15 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 18 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 3 AR e91758 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0091758 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AD4ZE UT WOS:000333259900035 PM 24642574 ER PT J AU Yang, T Jiang, JY Burlyaeva, M Hu, JG Coyne, CJ Kumar, S Redden, R Sun, XL Wang, F Chang, JW Hao, XP Guan, JP Zong, XX AF Yang, Tao Jiang, Junye Burlyaeva, Marina Hu, Jinguo Coyne, Clarice J. Kumar, Shiv Redden, Robert Sun, Xuelian Wang, Fang Chang, Jianwu Hao, Xiaopeng Guan, Jianping Zong, Xuxiao TI Large-scale microsatellite development in grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L.), an orphan legume of the arid areas SO BMC PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Lathyrus sativus L; Microsatellite; 454 FLX Titanium pyrosequencing; Marker development ID GENERATION SEQUENCING TECHNOLOGY; SSR-MARKERS; RNA-SEQ; FABACEAE; PHYLOGENY; GENETICS; BIOLOGY; PEA AB Background: Grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L., 2n = 14), a member of the family Leguminosae, holds great agronomic potential as grain and forage legume crop in the arid areas for its superb resilience to abiotic stresses such as drought, flood and salinity. The crop could not make much progress through conventional breeding in the past, and there are hardly any detailed molecular biology studies due to paucity of reliable molecular markers representative of the entire genome. Results: Using the 454 FLX Titanium pyrosequencing technique, 651,827 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci were identified and 50,144 nonredundant primer pairs were successfully designed, of which 288 were randomly selected for validation among 23 L. sativus and one L. cicera accessions of diverse provenance. 74 were polymorphic, 70 monomorphic, and 144 with no PCR product. The number of observed alleles ranged from two to five, the observed heterozygosity from 0 to 0.9545, and Shannon's information index ranged from 0.1013 to 1.0980, respectively. The dendrogram constructed by using unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) based on Nei's genetic distance, showed obvious distinctions and understandable relationships among the 24 accessions. Conclusions: The large number of SSR primer pairs developed in this study would make a significant contribution to genomics enabled improvement of grasspea. C1 [Yang, Tao; Jiang, Junye; Sun, Xuelian; Wang, Fang; Guan, Jianping; Zong, Xuxiao] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Crop Sci, Natl Key Facil Crop Gene Resources & Genet Improv, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. [Burlyaeva, Marina] NI Vavilov Res Inst Plant Ind, Dept Leguminous Crops Genet Resources, St Petersburg 190000, Russia. [Hu, Jinguo; Coyne, Clarice J.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Western Reg Plant Intro Stn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Kumar, Shiv] Int Ctr Agr Res Dry Areas, Aleppo 5466, Syria. [Redden, Robert] Dept Primary Ind, Australian Temperate Field Crops Collect, Horsham, Vic 3401, Australia. [Chang, Jianwu; Hao, Xiaopeng] Shanxi Acad Agr Sci, Inst Crop Germplasm Resources, Minist Agr, Key Lab Crop Gene Resources & Germplasm Enhanceme, Taiyuan 030031, Peoples R China. RP Zong, XX (reprint author), Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Crop Sci, Natl Key Facil Crop Gene Resources & Genet Improv, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. EM zongxuxiao@caas.cn FU Ministry of Agriculture of China; China Agriculture Research System [CARS-09]; international cooperation projects [2010DFR30620, 2010DFB33340]; Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2013BAD01B03]; Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program (ASTIP) FX We acknowledge the financial support from the Ministry of Agriculture of China, under the China Agriculture Research System (CARS-09) Program, the international cooperation projects (2010DFR30620 and 2010DFB33340), national research program (2013BAD01B03) from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China and also supported by The Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program (ASTIP) in CAAS. We are grateful to Dr. Dahai Wang, Liping Sun and Dr. Qi Liu (Beijing Autolab Biotechnology Co., Ltd) for their special contribution to this work. We also thank Dr. Xianfu Yin (Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine) for his SeqTools.pl script. NR 32 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 21 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2229 J9 BMC PLANT BIOL JI BMC Plant Biol. PD MAR 17 PY 2014 VL 14 AR 65 DI 10.1186/1471-2229-14-65 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AF9YN UT WOS:000335070700001 PM 24635905 ER PT J AU Dubey, JP Jenkins, MC Ferreira, LR Choudhary, S Verma, SK Kwok, OCH Fetterer, R Butler, E Carstensen, M AF Dubey, J. P. Jenkins, M. C. Ferreira, L. R. Choudhary, S. Verma, S. K. Kwok, O. C. H. Fetterer, R. Butler, E. Carstensen, M. TI Isolation of viable Neospora caninum from brains of wild gray wolves (Canis lupus) SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Neospora caninum; Gray wolf; Canis lupus; Bioassay; PCR ID DEER ODOCOILEUS-VIRGINIANUS; TOXOPLASMA-GONDII; DEFINITIVE HOSTS; DIAGNOSIS; PCR; HYBRIDIZATION; TRANSMISSION; INFECTION; ANIMALS AB Neospora caninum is a common cause of abortion in cattle worldwide. Canids, including the dog and the dingo (Canis familiaris), the coyote (Canis latrans), and the gray wolf (Canis lupus) are its definitive hosts that can excrete environmentally resistant oocysts in the environment, but also can act as intermediate hosts, harboring tissue stages of the parasite. In an attempt to isolate viable N. caninum from tissues of naturally infected wolves, brain and heart tissue from 109 wolves from Minnesota were bioassayed in mice. Viable N. caninum (NcWolfMn1, NcWolfMn2) was isolated from the brains of two wolves by bioassays in interferon gamma gene knockout mice. DNA obtained from culture-derived N. caninum tachyzoites of the two isolates were analyzed by N. caninum-specific Nc5 polymerase chain reaction and confirmed diagnosis. This is the first report of isolation of N. caninum from tissues of any wild canid host. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Dubey, J. P.; Jenkins, M. C.; Ferreira, L. R.; Choudhary, S.; Verma, S. K.; Kwok, O. C. H.; Fetterer, R.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Butler, E.; Carstensen, M.] Minnesota Dept Nat Resources, Div Wildlife, Forest Lake, MN 55025 USA. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 EI 1873-2550 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD MAR 17 PY 2014 VL 201 IS 1-2 BP 150 EP 153 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.12.032 PG 4 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA AE3MT UT WOS:000333881300018 PM 24522164 ER PT J AU Probst, C Bandyopadhyay, R Cotty, PJ AF Probst, C. Bandyopadhyay, R. Cotty, P. J. TI Diversity of aflatoxin-producing fungi and their impact on food safety in sub-Saharan Africa SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aspergillus flavus; Africa; Maize; Aflatoxin; Mycotoxins; Food security ID ASPERGILLUS-SECTION FLAVI; VEGETATIVE COMPATIBILITY GROUPS; PEANUT-GROWING REGIONS; 3 AGROECOLOGICAL ZONES; WEST-AFRICA; UNITED-STATES; GAMBIAN CHILDREN; MAIZE; CONTAMINATION; EXPOSURE AB Crops frequently contaminated by aflatoxins are important sources of revenue and daily nourishment in many portions of sub-Saharan Africa. In recent years, reports have associated aflatoxins with diminished human health and export opportunities in many African Nations. Aflatoxins are highly carcinogenic metabolites mainly produced by members of Aspergillus sect. Flavi. The current study examined aflatoxin-producing fungi associated with maize grain intended for human consumption in 18 sub-Saharan African countries. 4469 Aspergillus sect. Flavi isolates were obtained from 339 samples. The majority (75%) of isolates belonged to the L strain morphotype of A. flavus. Minor percentages were A. tamarii (6%), A. parasiticus (1%), and isolates with S strain morphology (3%). No A. bombycis or A. nomius isolates were detected. Phylogenetic analyses of partial sequences of the nitrate reductase gene (niaD, 1.3 kb) and the aflatoxin pathway transcription factor gene (aflR, 1.7 kb) were used to verify isolate assignments into species and lineages. Phylogenetics resolved S strain isolates producing only B aflatoxins into two lineages fully supported by sizes of deletions in the gene region spanning the aflatoxin biosynthesis genes cypA (aflU) and norB (aflF). One lineage was the A. flavus S strain with either 0.9 or 1.5 kb deletions. The second lineage, recently described from Kenya, has a 2.2 kb deletion. Taxa with S strain morphology differed in distribution with strain S-BG limited to West Africa and both A. minisclerotigenes and the new lineage from Kenya in Central and East Africa. African A. flavus L strain isolates formed a single clade with L strain isolates from other continents. The sampled maize frequently tested positive for aflatoxins (65%), fumonisins (81%), and deoxynivalenol (40%) indicating the presence of fungi capable of producing the respective toxins. Percentage of samples exceeding US limits for total aflatoxins (regulatory limit), fumonisins (advisory limit), and deoxynivalenol (advisory limit) were 47%, 49%, 4%, respectively. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Probst, C.; Cotty, P. J.] Univ Arizona, Sch Plant Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Bandyopadhyay, R.] Int Inst Trop Agr, Ibadan, Nigeria. [Cotty, P. J.] Univ Arizona, Sch Plant Sci, USDA ARS, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Cotty, PJ (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Sch Plant Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM pjcotty@email.arizona.edu FU Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, CRIS project [5347-42000-020-00D] FX We thank our collaborators at the International Institute for Tropical Agriculture (IITA), The International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), and the Copperbelt University in Zambia for collecting some of the samples and data used in this study. Special thanks to members of the USDA, ARS Laboratory in the School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, for excellent assistance. This research was supported by the Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, CRIS project 5347-42000-020-00D. NR 68 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 4 U2 41 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1605 EI 1879-3460 J9 INT J FOOD MICROBIOL JI Int. J. Food Microbiol. PD MAR 17 PY 2014 VL 174 BP 113 EP 122 DI 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.12.010 PG 10 WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA AC3QR UT WOS:000332436800014 PM 24480188 ER PT J AU Bunce, JA AF Bunce, James A. TI Adaptation of higher plants to changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 247th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY MAR 16-20, 2014 CL Dallas, TX SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Bunce, James A.] USDA ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM James.Bunce@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 16 PY 2014 VL 247 MA 233-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AZ8HZ UT WOS:000348457600439 ER PT J AU Cheng, HN Biswas, A AF Cheng, H. N. Biswas, Atanu TI Modified triglycerides oils as self-curing systems SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 247th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY MAR 16-20, 2014 CL Dallas, TX SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Cheng, H. N.] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Biswas, Atanu] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM hn.cheng@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 16 PY 2014 VL 247 MA 50-POLY PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AZ8HZ UT WOS:000348457604453 ER PT J AU Grimmett, M Corwin, D AF Grimmett, Maria Corwin, Dennis TI Sulfamethazine adsorption isotherms and kinetics with hypercrosslinked polymer mn250 in acid and alkaline environments SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 247th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY MAR 16-20, 2014 CL Dallas, TX SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Grimmett, Maria] Oxbridge Acad Palm Beaches, W Palm Beach, FL USA. [Corwin, Dennis] USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92501 USA. EM karengrimmett@bellsouth.net NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 16 PY 2014 VL 247 MA 310-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AZ8HZ UT WOS:000348457600509 ER PT J AU Mauri, M Simonutti, R Patriarca, G Klasson, KT Cheng, HN AF Mauri, Michele Simonutti, Roberto Patriarca, Giorgio Klasson, K. Thomas Cheng, H. N. TI Studies of biochars derived from agricultural materials using Xe-129 NMR and porosity measurements SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 247th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY MAR 16-20, 2014 CL Dallas, TX SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Mauri, Michele; Simonutti, Roberto; Patriarca, Giorgio] Univ Milano Bicocca, Dept Mat Sci, I-20125 Milan, MI, Italy. [Klasson, K. Thomas; Cheng, H. N.] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM michele.mauri@mater.unimib.it; roberto.simonutti@unimib.it; hn.cheng@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 16 PY 2014 VL 247 MA 570-POLY PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AZ8HZ UT WOS:000348457605106 ER PT J AU Ro, KS Berge, N AF Ro, Kyoung S. Berge, Nicole TI Soil application of various biochars produced from both dry and wet pyrolysis SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 247th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY MAR 16-20, 2014 CL Dallas, TX SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Ro, Kyoung S.] USDA ARS, Florence, SC USA. [Berge, Nicole] Univ S Carolina, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. EM kyoung.ro@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 16 PY 2014 VL 247 MA 67-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AZ8HZ UT WOS:000348457600288 ER PT J AU Selling, G Xu, J AF Selling, Gordon Xu, James TI Impact of reaction conditions on architecture and rheological properties of starch graft polyacrylamide polymers SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 247th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY MAR 16-20, 2014 CL Dallas, TX SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Selling, Gordon; Xu, James] ARS, USDA, Washington, DC USA. EM gordon.selling@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 16 PY 2014 VL 247 MA 475-POLY PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AZ8HZ UT WOS:000348457605013 ER PT J AU Shortle, WC AF Shortle, Walter C. TI Disruption of forest-atmosphere interactions related to changing atmospheric chemistry SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 247th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY MAR 16-20, 2014 CL Dallas, TX SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Shortle, Walter C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM wshortle@fs.fed.us NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 16 PY 2014 VL 247 MA 232-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AZ8HZ UT WOS:000348457600438 ER PT J AU Wyatt, VT Jones, K Nunez, A AF Wyatt, Victor T. Jones, Kerby Nunez, Alberto TI Synthesis of iminodiacetic acid-glycerol polyesters SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 247th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY MAR 16-20, 2014 CL Dallas, TX SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Wyatt, Victor T.; Jones, Kerby; Nunez, Alberto] USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM vtwyatt@yahoo.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 16 PY 2014 VL 247 MA 348-POLY PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AZ8HZ UT WOS:000348457604743 ER PT J AU Ago, M Jakes, JE Johansson, LS Silveira, JVW Park, S Rojas, OJ AF Ago, Mariko Jakes, Joseph E. Johansson, Leena-Sisko Silveira, Joao V. W. Park, Sunkyu Rojas, Orlando J. TI Interfacial and thermal-mechanical properties of composite nanofibers containing lignin and cellulose nanocrystals SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 247th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY MAR 16-20, 2014 CL Dallas, TX SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Ago, Mariko; Silveira, Joao V. W.; Park, Sunkyu; Rojas, Orlando J.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forest Biomat, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Ago, Mariko; Silveira, Joao V. W.; Park, Sunkyu; Rojas, Orlando J.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Ago, Mariko] Tokushima Bunri Univ, Fac Sci & Engn, Sanuki, Kagawa 7692101, Japan. [Jakes, Joseph E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Johansson, Leena-Sisko; Rojas, Orlando J.] Aalto Univ, Sch Chem Technol, FI-00076 Espoo, Finland. [Silveira, Joao V. W.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Dept Chem Engn, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil. EM ago@fe.bunri-u.ac.jp RI Rojas, Orlando/O-2890-2014 OI Rojas, Orlando/0000-0003-4036-4020 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 16 PY 2014 VL 247 MA 59-CELL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AZ8HD UT WOS:000348455201523 ER PT J AU Ago, M Jakes, JE Silveira, JVW Rojas, OJ AF Ago, Marko Jakes, Joseph E. Silveira, Joao V. W. Rojas, Orlando J. TI Nanoindentation and space-resolved thermal analysis of lignin-based nanofibers and films SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 247th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY MAR 16-20, 2014 CL Dallas, TX SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Ago, Marko; Rojas, Orlando J.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forest Biomat, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Ago, Marko; Rojas, Orlando J.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Ago, Marko] Tokuhshima Bunri Univ, Fac Sci & Engn, Sanuki, Kagawa 7692101, Japan. [Jakes, Joseph E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Silveira, Joao V. W.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Dept Chem Engn, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil. [Rojas, Orlando J.] Aalto Univ, Sch Chem Technol, Espoo, Finland. EM ago@fe.bunri-u.ac.jp RI Rojas, Orlando/O-2890-2014 OI Rojas, Orlando/0000-0003-4036-4020 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 16 PY 2014 VL 247 MA 90-CELL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AZ8HD UT WOS:000348455201553 ER PT J AU Amairah, H Bowen, J Lavine, B Tappert, M Shaffer, N Albahadily, F Wilson, W AF Amairah, Hazim Bowen, John Lavine, Barry Tappert, Mary Shaffer, Nicolas Albahadily, F. Wilson, William TI QCM study of the reaction scheme for the attachmment of antigens to cellulose using chitosan for a microfluidic paper based analytical device SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 247th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY MAR 16-20, 2014 CL Dallas, TX SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Amairah, Hazim; Bowen, John; Tappert, Mary; Shaffer, Nicolas; Albahadily, F.] Univ Cent Oklahoma, Edmond, OK 73034 USA. [Lavine, Barry] Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74074 USA. [Wilson, William] USDA ARS NPA, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM jbowen@uco.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 16 PY 2014 VL 247 MA 162-ANYL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AZ8HD UT WOS:000348455200278 ER PT J AU Appell, M Jackson, MA Wang, LJC Ho, CH Mueller, A AF Appell, Michael Jackson, Michael A. Wang, Lijuan C. Ho, Che-Hin Mueller, Anja TI Analysis of fusaric acid in maize using molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction (MISPE) clean-up and ion-pair LC with diode array UV detection SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 247th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY MAR 16-20, 2014 CL Dallas, TX SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Appell, Michael; Jackson, Michael A.; Wang, Lijuan C.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Ho, Che-Hin; Mueller, Anja] Cent Michigan Univ, Dept Chem, Mt Pleasant, MI 48859 USA. EM michael.appell@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 16 PY 2014 VL 247 MA 138-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AZ8HD UT WOS:000348455200128 ER PT J AU Bozell, JJ Elder, T Biannic, B Cedeno, D Chatterjee, S Cheng, K AF Bozell, Joseph J. Elder, Thomas Biannic, Berenger Cedeno, Diana Chatterjee, Sabornie Cheng, Kun TI Catalytic oxidation of organosolv lignin - structural and computational analysis for improved catalyst design SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 247th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY MAR 16-20, 2014 CL Dallas, TX SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Bozell, Joseph J.; Biannic, Berenger; Cedeno, Diana; Chatterjee, Sabornie; Cheng, Kun] Univ Tennessee, Ctr Renewable Carbon, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Elder, Thomas] US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, USDA, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. EM jbozell@utk.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 16 PY 2014 VL 247 MA 156-CELL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AZ8HD UT WOS:000348455201611 ER PT J AU Burri, BJ Annweiler, KR AF Burri, Betty J. Annweiler, Kurt R. TI Beta-cryptoxanthin from mandarin oranges as a source of vitamin A SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 247th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY MAR 16-20, 2014 CL Dallas, TX SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Burri, Betty J.] USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Burri, Betty J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM shebaroverguard-tech@yahoo.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 16 PY 2014 VL 247 MA 118-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AZ8HD UT WOS:000348455200111 ER PT J AU Chang, S Nguyen, TM Condon, B AF Chang, SeChin Nguyen, Thach-Mien Condon, Brian TI Structural effect of phosphorous-nitrogen containing flame retardant derivatives on thermal behaviors of treated cotton SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 247th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY MAR 16-20, 2014 CL Dallas, TX SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Chang, SeChin; Nguyen, Thach-Mien; Condon, Brian] USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM sechin.chang@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 16 PY 2014 VL 247 MA 81-CARB PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AZ8HD UT WOS:000348455201195 ER PT J AU Chen, O AF Chen, Oliver TI Clinical evidence on oat bioactives in cardiovascular health SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 247th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY MAR 16-20, 2014 CL Dallas, TX SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Chen, Oliver] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM oliver.chen@tufts.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 16 PY 2014 VL 247 MA 41-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AZ8HD UT WOS:000348455200041 ER PT J AU Chiou, BS Bilbao-Sainz, C Valenzuela-Medina, D Klamczynski, A Milczarek, R Avena-Bustillos, R Du, WX Glenn, G Imam, S Orts, W AF Chiou, Bor-Sen Bilbao-Sainz, Cristina Valenzuela-Medina, Diana Klamczynski, Artur Milczarek, Rebecca Avena-Bustillos, Roberto Du, Wen-Xian Glenn, Greg Imam, Syed Orts, William TI Torrefaction of agricultural by-products: Effects of temperature and time on energy yields SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 247th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY MAR 16-20, 2014 CL Dallas, TX SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Chiou, Bor-Sen; Bilbao-Sainz, Cristina; Valenzuela-Medina, Diana; Klamczynski, Artur; Milczarek, Rebecca; Avena-Bustillos, Roberto; Du, Wen-Xian; Glenn, Greg; Imam, Syed; Orts, William] USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM bor-sen.chiou@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 16 PY 2014 VL 247 MA 139-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AZ8HD UT WOS:000348455200129 ER PT J AU Dong, H Williams, KS Steele, J Orlicki, JA Andzelm, JW Snyder, JF Reiner, RS Rudie, AW AF Dong, Hong Williams, Kristen S. Steele, Joshua Orlicki, Joshua A. Andzelm, Jan W. Snyder, James F. Reiner, Richard S. Rudie, Alan W. TI Tuning interfibril interactions in cellulose nanofibril networks by cations SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 247th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY MAR 16-20, 2014 CL Dallas, TX SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Dong, Hong; Williams, Kristen S.; Steele, Joshua; Orlicki, Joshua A.; Andzelm, Jan W.; Snyder, James F.] US Army Res Lab, Macromol Sci & Technol Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Reiner, Richard S.; Rudie, Alan W.] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM hong.dong.ctr@mail.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 16 PY 2014 VL 247 MA 129-CELL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AZ8HD UT WOS:000348455201587 ER PT J AU Eberhardt, TL So, CL Reed, KG AF Eberhardt, Thomas L. So, Chi-Leung Reed, Karen G. TI Analysis of torrefied wood chips by FTIR spectroscopy coupled with multivariate analyses for predictions of yield and thermal properties SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 247th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY MAR 16-20, 2014 CL Dallas, TX SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Eberhardt, Thomas L.; Reed, Karen G.] US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, USDA, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. [So, Chi-Leung] LSU Agr Ctr, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM teberhardt@fs.fed.us NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 16 PY 2014 VL 247 MA 210-CELL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AZ8HD UT WOS:000348455201662 ER PT J AU Elder, T AF Elder, Thomas TI Bond dissociation enthalpies of cyclic lignols: Density functional calculations SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 247th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY MAR 16-20, 2014 CL Dallas, TX SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Elder, Thomas] US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, USDA, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. EM telder@fs.fed.us NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 16 PY 2014 VL 247 MA 157-CELL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AZ8HD UT WOS:000348455201612 ER PT J AU Ellender, AC Grimm, C Tarr, MA AF Ellender, Angela C. Grimm, Casey Tarr, Matthew A. TI Correlating apolipoprotein B 100 modifications with oxidant type, oxidant dose, and lipid peroxidation SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 247th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY MAR 16-20, 2014 CL Dallas, TX SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Ellender, Angela C.; Tarr, Matthew A.] Univ New Orleans, Dept Chem, New Orleans, LA 70148 USA. [Grimm, Casey] USDA ARS SRRC, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM acmartin@uno.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 16 PY 2014 VL 247 MA 89-BIOL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AZ8HD UT WOS:000348455200416 ER PT J AU French, AD AF French, Alfred D. TI Hydrogen bonding patterns in glucose and related oligomers SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 247th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY MAR 16-20, 2014 CL Dallas, TX SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [French, Alfred D.] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM al.french@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 16 PY 2014 VL 247 MA 260-CELL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AZ8HD UT WOS:000348455201711 ER PT J AU French, AD Mereiter, K Rosenau, T AF French, Alfred D. Mereiter, Kurt Rosenau, Thomas TI Structure of an unusual oxidation product of cellulose SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 247th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY MAR 16-20, 2014 CL Dallas, TX SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [French, Alfred D.] USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Mereiter, Kurt] Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Chem Technol & Analyt, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. [Rosenau, Thomas] Univ Nat Resources & Life Sci Vienna, Dept Chem, Tulln, Austria. EM al.french@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 16 PY 2014 VL 247 MA 94-CARB PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AZ8HD UT WOS:000348455201208 ER PT J AU Grabber, JH Tobimatsu, Y Lu, FC Kim, H Elumalai, S Zhu, YM Ress, D Pan, XJ Ralph, J AF Grabber, John H. Tobimatsu, Yuki Lu, Fachuang Kim, Hoon Elumalai, Sasikumar Zhu, Yimin Ress, Dino Pan, Xuejun Ralph, John TI Identifying new lignin bioengineering targets for improving biomass and forage utilization: A review of biomimetic studies with maize cell walls SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 247th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY MAR 16-20, 2014 CL Dallas, TX SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Grabber, John H.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Tobimatsu, Yuki; Lu, Fachuang; Kim, Hoon; Zhu, Yimin; Ress, Dino; Ralph, John] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biochem, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Tobimatsu, Yuki; Lu, Fachuang; Kim, Hoon; Zhu, Yimin; Ress, Dino; Ralph, John] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Energy Inst, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Elumalai, Sasikumar; Pan, Xuejun] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM jgrabber@wisc.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 16 PY 2014 VL 247 MA 118-CELL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AZ8HD UT WOS:000348455201577 ER PT J AU Hecht, ES White, BL Davis, JP AF Hecht, Elizabeth S. White, Brittany L. Davis, Jack P. TI Response surface study of the extraction of aflatoxin-negligent protein from peanut meal and the influence of alkalinity on the interactions between aflatoxin and co-solutes SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 247th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY MAR 16-20, 2014 CL Dallas, TX SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Hecht, Elizabeth S.; Davis, Jack P.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Food Bioproc & Nutr Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [White, Brittany L.; Davis, Jack P.] USDA ARS, Market Qual & Handling Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM e.s.hecht@gmail.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 16 PY 2014 VL 247 MA 142-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AZ8HD UT WOS:000348455200132 ER PT J AU Hoeger, IC Rojas, OJ Zhu, JY AF Hoeger, Ingrid C. Rojas, Orlando J. Zhu, J. Y. TI Production of high-value nanomaterials from beetle-killed Lodgepole pine SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 247th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY MAR 16-20, 2014 CL Dallas, TX SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Hoeger, Ingrid C.; Rojas, Orlando J.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forest Biomat, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Rojas, Orlando J.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Rojas, Orlando J.] Aalto Unviers, Dept Forest Prod Technol, Espoo, Finland. [Zhu, J. Y.] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM ichoeger@ncsu.edu RI Rojas, Orlando/O-2890-2014 OI Rojas, Orlando/0000-0003-4036-4020 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 16 PY 2014 VL 247 MA 64-CELL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AZ8HD UT WOS:000348455201528 ER PT J AU Hunt, CG Timokhin, VI Zhu, YM Houtman, CJ Kitin, P Baumann, S Ralph, J Hammel, KE AF Hunt, Christopher G. Timokhin, Vitaliy I. Zhu, Yimin Houtman, Carl J. Kitin, Peter Baumann, Sarah Ralph, John Hammel, Kenneth E. TI Ratiometric fluorescent probes based on polyethelyene glycol cleavage for imaging hydrogen abstracting reactive oxygen species produced by biodegradative fungi in lignocellulose SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 247th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY MAR 16-20, 2014 CL Dallas, TX SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Hunt, Christopher G.; Houtman, Carl J.; Kitin, Peter; Baumann, Sarah; Hammel, Kenneth E.] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. [Timokhin, Vitaliy I.; Ralph, John] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biochem, Wisconsin Energy Inst, Madison, WI 53705 USA. [Zhu, Yimin] Penn State Univ, Dept Chem, Altoona Coll, PA USA. [Kitin, Peter; Ralph, John] Univ Wisconsin, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Wisconsin Energy Inst, Madison, WI USA. [Hammel, Kenneth E.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM cghunt@fs.fed.us RI Kitin, Peter/D-9244-2014 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 16 PY 2014 VL 247 MA 266-CELL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AZ8HD UT WOS:000348455201715 ER PT J AU Lang, JC Johnson, EJ Vishwanathan, R Rasmussen, HM AF Lang, John C. Johnson, Elizabeth J. Vishwanathan, Rohini Rasmussen, Helen M. TI Interplay of dosage form and nutrient properties in the bioavailability of micronutrients prophylactic for eye disease SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 247th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY MAR 16-20, 2014 CL Dallas, TX SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Lang, John C.] Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Chem & Biochem, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. [Johnson, Elizabeth J.; Vishwanathan, Rohini; Rasmussen, Helen M.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM jclangj66@gmail.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 16 PY 2014 VL 247 MA 132-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AZ8HD UT WOS:000348455200123 ER PT J AU Prevost, NT Edwards, JV French, AD Concha, M Condon, BD AF Prevost, Nicolette T. Edwards, J. Vincent French, Alfred D. Concha, Monica Condon, Brian D. TI Elastase kinetics and structural features of colorimetric and fluorescent peptides on cellulose nanocrystals SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 247th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY MAR 16-20, 2014 CL Dallas, TX SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Prevost, Nicolette T.; Edwards, J. Vincent; French, Alfred D.; Concha, Monica; Condon, Brian D.] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM vince.edwards@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 16 PY 2014 VL 247 MA 307-CELL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AZ8HD UT WOS:000348455201755 ER PT J AU Ralph, J Lu, FC Kim, H Tobimatsu, Y Zhu, YM Rencoret, J Karlen, S Padmakshan, D Regner, M Grabber, J Boerjan, W Dixon, RA Sedbrook, J Wilkerson, CG Mansfield, SD AF Ralph, John Lu, Fachuang Kim, Hoon Tobimatsu, Yuki Zhu, Yimin Rencoret, Jorge Karlen, Steven Padmakshan, Dharshana Regner, Matt Grabber, John Boerjan, Wout Dixon, Richard A. Sedbrook, John Wilkerson, Curtis G. Mansfield, Shawn D. TI Redesigning lignin for improved plant cell wall deconstruction, a case study SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 247th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY MAR 16-20, 2014 CL Dallas, TX SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Ralph, John; Lu, Fachuang; Kim, Hoon; Tobimatsu, Yuki; Zhu, Yimin; Rencoret, Jorge; Regner, Matt] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biochem, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Karlen, Steven; Padmakshan, Dharshana] Univ Wisconsin, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Grabber, John] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Boerjan, Wout] Univ Ghent, Dept Plant Syst Biol, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Dixon, Richard A.] Univ N Texas, Dept Biol Sci, Denton, TX 76203 USA. [Sedbrook, John] Illinois State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Normal, IL 61761 USA. [Wilkerson, Curtis G.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Mansfield, Shawn D.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Wood Sci, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. EM jralph@wisc.edu RI RENCORET, JORGE/E-1747-2013 OI RENCORET, JORGE/0000-0003-2728-7331 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 16 PY 2014 VL 247 MA 217-CELL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AZ8HD UT WOS:000348455201669 ER PT J AU Yadav, MP Hicks, KB Johnston, DB Hanah, K AF Yadav, Madhav P. Hicks, Kevin B. Johnston, David B. Hanah, Kyle TI Functional hemicelluloses from agricultural materials SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 247th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY MAR 16-20, 2014 CL Dallas, TX SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Yadav, Madhav P.; Hicks, Kevin B.; Johnston, David B.] ARS, Sustainable Biofuels & CoProd Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Hanah, Kyle] Z Trim Holdings Inc, Mundelein, IL 60060 USA. EM madhav.yadav@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 16 PY 2014 VL 247 MA 175-CELL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AZ8HD UT WOS:000348455201629 ER PT J AU Zhu, JY AF Zhu, J. Y. TI Using low temperature to balance enzymatic saccharification and furan formation during SPORL pretreatment of Douglas-fir SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 247th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY MAR 16-20, 2014 CL Dallas, TX SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Zhu, J. Y.] USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI USA. EM jzhu@fs.fed.us NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 16 PY 2014 VL 247 MA 92-ENFL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AZ8HD UT WOS:000348455205097 ER PT J AU Zhu, JY AF Zhu, J. Y. TI Role of lignin on enzymatic saccharification of lignocelluloses SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 247th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY MAR 16-20, 2014 CL Dallas, TX SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Zhu, J. Y.] USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM jzhu@fs.fed.us NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 16 PY 2014 VL 247 MA 7-CELL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AZ8HD UT WOS:000348455201477 ER PT J AU Marshall, NA Stokes, CJ Webb, NP Marshall, PA Lankester, AJ AF Marshall, N. A. Stokes, C. J. Webb, N. P. Marshall, P. A. Lankester, A. J. TI Social vulnerability to climate change in primary producers: A typology approach SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Social resilience; Adaptive capacity; Resource dependency; Climate sensitivity; Barriers to change; Climate impacts ID ADAPTIVE CAPACITY; LAND-USE; AUSTRALIAN RANGELANDS; RESOURCE DEPENDENCY; VARIABILITY; ADAPTATION; SYSTEMS; SUSTAINABILITY; AGRICULTURE; RESILIENCE AB Adaptation of agricultural industries to climate change will make a major difference to the extent of the impacts experienced as a result of climate change. Vulnerability assessments provide the basis for developing strategies to reduce social vulnerability and plan for climate adaptation. Primary industries have been identified as the most vulnerable industry sector globally. We review how primary producers might be socially vulnerable to climate change and develop a 'vulnerability typology' of cattle producers based on survey responses from 240 producers across northern Australia. We measured social vulnerability according to ten indicators of climate sensitivity (resource dependency) and four indicators of adaptive capacity. Using a K-means clustering analysis we identified four main types' of cattle producers. Type 1 producers (43%) were vulnerable because they had low strategic skills and low interest in changing behaviour. Mean age was 59 years old, they were weakly networked within the industry and businesses were small. Type II producers (41%) had low strategic skills, poorly managed risk and uncertainty, had medium sized businesses and were 51 years old on average. Only 16% of producers (Type III and IV) appeared to have resilience to change. Type III producers (13.4%) had a stronger psychological and financial buffer, were 52 years old on average, were well networked and managed or owned larger businesses. Type IV producers (2.6%) managed risk well, liked to experiment with options and were interested in change. They were 41 years old on average, managed extremely large properties, were well networked, perceived themselves as responsible for the future productivity of their land and were early adopters of new technology. By providing knowledge of the different ways in which people can be vulnerable to climate change, vulnerability assessments can enable decision-makers to prioritise their efforts, provide a basis for early engagement, and tailor a range of adaptation approaches to most effectively accommodate and support the divergent requirements of different "types" of resource-users. Crown Copyright (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Marshall, N. A.] James Cook Univ, CSIRO Ecosyst Sci & Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia. [Stokes, C. J.; Lankester, A. J.] James Cook Univ, CSIRO Ecosyst Sci, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia. [Webb, N. P.] USDA ARS Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Marshall, P. A.] Great Barrier Reef Marine Pk Author, Townsville, Qld 4810, Australia. RP Marshall, NA (reprint author), James Cook Univ, CSIRO Ecosyst Sci & Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Univ Dr, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia. EM nadine.marshall@csiro.au RI marshall, nadine/D-9339-2011; Research ID, CTBCC /O-3564-2014 OI marshall, nadine/0000-0003-4463-3558; FU CSIRO Climate Adaptation Flagship; Department of Agriculture, Forests and Fisheries, Canberra FX The authors are sincerely grateful to the 240 cattle producers who agreed to participate in the study. We are indebted to Kate Nairn, Jamie Atwell, Svetlana Ukolova, Arun George, Charlie Morgan and Regina Andreassen for their terrific interviewing. Many thanks to Ryan McAllister and Roger Lawes for constructively criticizing the manuscript in an early draft. We would like to gratefully acknowledge the support of the CSIRO Climate Adaptation Flagship and the Department of Agriculture, Forests and Fisheries, Canberra. NR 68 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 6 U2 66 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8809 EI 1873-2305 J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. PD MAR 15 PY 2014 VL 186 BP 86 EP 93 DI 10.1016/j.agee.2014.01.004 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AH1HL UT WOS:000335871000009 ER PT J AU Tomer, MD Liebman, M AF Tomer, Mark D. Liebman, Matt TI Nutrients in soil water under three rotational cropping systems, Iowa, USA SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Water quality; Crop rotation; Diversified cropping systems; Nitrate-nitrogen; Phosphorus ID SUBSURFACE DRAINAGE WATER; DINITROGEN FIXATION; SHALLOW GROUNDWATER; NITROGEN MANAGEMENT; NITRATE-NITROGEN; LEACHING LOSSES; PHOSPHORUS; ALFALFA; AGROECOSYSTEMS; PHOSPHATE AB Subsurface nutrient losses differ between annual and perennial crops; however, nutrient losses from cropping systems that rotate annual and perennial crops are poorly documented. This study tracked NO3-N and P in soil water under three cropping systems suited for the U.S. Midwest, including two-year (corn-soybean; 2YS), three-year (corn-soybean-small grain/red clover; 3YS), and four-year (corn-soybean-small grain/alfalfa-alfalfa; 4YS) systems. Nutrient applications were based on soil-test results, and solely comprised inorganic fertilizers to 2YS corn, whereas, in the 3YS and 4YS systems, nutrients were provided by legume residues, and a managed balance of composted manure, and inorganic fertilizers. Soil water was collected from 2004 through 2011 using suction samplers. The 4YS system had smaller concentrations of NO3-N and a lower frequency of P detection (p < 0.05) during the established alfalfa and subsequent corn crop than other crop-years in the experiment. Mean concentrations of NO3-N were 1.1 mg NO3-NL-1 under alfalfa and 6.5 mg NO3-NL-1 under the following 4YS corn crop, compared to average concentrations between 8.7 and 18.1 mg NO3-NL-1 among all other crop-years. Seasonal NO3N dynamics among the three systems were explainable based on mineralization and - immobilization of N from decomposing crop residues. Large P concentrations (0.23-1.02 mg PL-1) occurred in one plot that occasionally ponded, indicating P transport to depth by preferential flow is a risk in some soils on this landscape. Among the remaining plots, the proportion of samples with detectable P concentrations (i.e., >0.02 mg L-1) was less (p < 0.05) under the 4YS system (0.26) than observed for the experiment overall (0.35), which resulted from infrequent detection (0.17) of P in soil water during the alfalfa and corn crops. Results provide evidence that rotational systems including alfalfa with annual crops and use of soil testing in nutrient management can reduce movement of N and P below the root zone. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Tomer, Mark D.] USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Liebman, Matt] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Tomer, MD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM mark.tomer@ars.usda.gov FU US Department of Agriculture National Research Initiative [2002-35320-12175, 2006-35320-16548]; Leopold Center for Sustainable Agriculture [2004-E06, 2007-E09, 2010-E02]; Iowa Soybean Association; Organic Center FX The authors express their thanks to Colin Greenan for installation of the sampling stations, and to Jeff Cook for maintaining the installations and collecting samples. Sample analysis was conducted under the direction of Amy Morrow. This research was partly supported by research grants from the US Department of Agriculture National Research Initiative (Projects 2002-35320-12175 and 2006-35320-16548), the Leopold Center for Sustainable Agriculture (Projects 2004-E06, 2007-E09, and 2010-E02), the Iowa Soybean Association, and the Organic Center. NR 45 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 57 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8809 EI 1873-2305 J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. PD MAR 15 PY 2014 VL 186 BP 105 EP 114 DI 10.1016/j.agee.2014.01.025 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AH1HL UT WOS:000335871000011 ER PT J AU Rand, TA Waters, DK Blodgett, SL Knodel, JJ Harris, MO AF Rand, Tatyana A. Waters, Debra K. Blodgett, Sue L. Knodel, Janet J. Harris, Marion O. TI Increased area of a highly suitable host crop increases herbivore pressure in intensified agricultural landscapes SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Agricultural intensification; Landscape simplification; Crop pest; Conservation biological control; Ecosystem services ID STEM SAWFLY HYMENOPTERA; BRACON-LISSOGASTER HYMENOPTERA; CORN-ROOTWORM COLEOPTERA; NATURAL PEST-CONTROL; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; SOYBEAN APHID; PARASITOID INTERACTIONS; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; WINTER-WHEAT; MANAGEMENT AB Landscape simplification associated with agricultural intensification has important effects on economically important arthropods. The declining cover of natural and semi-natural habitats, in particular, has been shown to reduce natural-enemy attack of crop pests, but also in some cases reduced crop colonization by such pests. In this study, we examined the influence of changes in two elements of landscape composition, natural grassland cover and cover of a highly suitable crop host, on infestation by a generalist insect pest in wheat, and parasitism of this pest by its dominant natural enemies. Surprisingly, we found no significant influences of increasing natural grassland habitat, at either local or landscape scales, on infestation by the wheat stem sawfly, Cephus cinctus, or parasitism of this pest by the native parasitoid wasps, Bracon cephi and Bracon lissogaster. In contrast, we found significant increases in levels of C cinctus infestation with increasing wheat cover at the landscape scale. This pattern was consistent across six study regions spanning three states in the northern Great Plains of North America, despite large differences in cropping systems and pest population densities across regions. Regional variation in pest infestation was best explained by long-term averages in precipitation, with higher C. cinctus infestation rates found in drier regions. Results suggest that landscape-mediated variation in pest pressure in this system is better explained by a direct response of pest insects to increasing cover of a highly suitable crop rather than an indirect response via reductions in natural enemies as natural habitat declines. The implication is that habitat diversification at the landscape scale could play a role in suppressing agricultural pest populations via reductions in area of suitable crop hosts. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Rand, Tatyana A.; Waters, Debra K.] USDA ARS, Northern Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. [Blodgett, Sue L.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Knodel, Janet J.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Harris, Marion O.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Entomol, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. RP Rand, TA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Northern Plains Agr Res Lab, 1500 North Cent Ave, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. EM Tatyana.Rand@ars.usda.gov; Deb.Waters@ars.usda.gov; sblodg@iastate.edu; Janet.Knodel@ndsu.edu; Marion.Harris@ndsu.edu NR 66 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 45 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8809 EI 1873-2305 J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. PD MAR 15 PY 2014 VL 186 BP 135 EP 143 DI 10.1016/j.agee.2014.01.022 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AH1HL UT WOS:000335871000014 ER PT J AU Lahteinen, T Lindholm, A Rinttila, T Junnikkala, S Kant, R Pietila, TE Levonen, K von Ossowski, I Solano-Aguilar, G Jakava-Viljanen, M Palva, A AF Lahteinen, Tanja Lindholm, Agneta Rinttila, Teemu Junnikkala, Sami Kant, Ravi Pietila, Taija E. Levonen, Katri von Ossowski, Ingemar Solano-Aguilar, Gloria Jakava-Viljanen, Miia Palva, Airi TI Effect of Lactobacillus brevis ATCC 8287 as a feeding supplement on the performance and immune function of piglets SO VETERINARY IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Swine; Lactobacilli; Lactobacillus brevis; Probiotics; Vaccine vector; Immunomodulation ID LACTIC-ACID BACTERIA; S-LAYER PROTEIN; GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; WEANED PIGLETS; MILK SUPPLEMENTATION; ADHESION PROPERTIES; LACTOCOCCUS-LACTIS; PROBIOTIC STRAINS; SURFACE DISPLAY AB Lactobacillus brevis ATCC 8287, a surface (S-layer) strain, possesses a variety of functional properties that make it both a potential probiotic and a good vaccine vector candidate. With this in mind, our aim was to study the survival of L brevis in the porcine gut and investigate the effect of this strain on the growth and immune function of recently weaned piglets during a feeding trial. For this, 20 piglets were divided evenly into a treatment and a control group. Piglets in the treatment group were fed L brevis cells (1 x 10(10)) daily for three weeks, whereas those in the control group were provided an equivalent amount of probiotic-free placebo. For assessing the impact of L brevis supplementation during the feeding trial, health status and weight gain of the piglets were monitored, pre- and post-trial samples of serum and feces were obtained, and specimens of the small and large intestinal mucosa and digesta were collected at slaughter. The results we obtained indicated that L. brevis-supplemented feeding induced a non-significant increase in piglet body weight and caused no change in the morphology of the intestinal mucosa. L. brevis cells were found to localize mainly in the large intestine, but they could not be isolated from feces. To a lesser extent, L. brevis was detected in the small intestine, although there was no specific attachment to the Peyer's patches. Changes in total serum IgG and IgA concentrations were not caused by supplemented L brevis and no measurable rise in L brevis-specific IgG was observed. However, analysis of cytokine gene expression in intestinal mucosa revealed, downregulation of TGF-beta 1 in the ileum and upregulation of IL-6 in the cecum in the L. brevis-supplemented group. Based on the results from this study, we conclude that whereas brevis appears to have some intestinal immunomodulatoly effects, the ability of this strain to survive and colonize within the porcine gut appears to be limited. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Lahteinen, Tanja; Lindholm, Agneta; Rinttila, Teemu; Junnikkala, Sami; Kant, Ravi; Pietila, Taija E.; von Ossowski, Ingemar; Palva, Airi] Univ Helsinki, Dept Vet Biosci, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Solano-Aguilar, Gloria] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Nutr Res Ctr, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab,BARC East, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Levonen, Katri; Jakava-Viljanen, Miia] Minist Agr & Forestty, Dept Food & Hlth, FI-00023 Helsinki, Finland. RP Lahteinen, T (reprint author), Univ Helsinki, Dept Vet Biosci, POB 66, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland. EM tanja.lahteinen@helsinki.fi FU Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (University of Helsinki); Finnish Food Safety Authority Evira; Center of Excellence in Microbial Food Safety Research (MiFoSa) FX We would like to thank Raili Heinonen, Anssi Isoniemi, Katja Ahlsten, Heikki Rusanen, Tiina Peltonen, Mervi Holopainen, Ulla Viitanen, Anja Osola and Sinikka Ahonen for practical and technical help with the animal study, Diet Genomics and Immunology Laboratory (USDA) for their technical support in the molecular protocols, and Joanna Koort for critical review of the manuscript. This study was supported by the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (University of Helsinki), Finnish Food Safety Authority Evira and Center of Excellence in Microbial Food Safety Research (MiFoSa). NR 64 TC 7 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-2427 EI 1873-2534 J9 VET IMMUNOL IMMUNOP JI Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. PD MAR 15 PY 2014 VL 158 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 14 EP 25 DI 10.1016/j.vetimm.2013.09.002 PG 12 WC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences SC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences GA AF1PP UT WOS:000334486100004 PM 24074625 ER PT J AU Katz, HA Daniels, JM Ryan, S AF Katz, Harry Alexander Daniels, J. Michael Ryan, Sandra TI Slope-area thresholds of road-induced gully erosion and consequent hillslope-channel interactions SO EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS LA English DT Article DE gully erosion; hillslope-channel coupling; sediment budgets; roads; cesium-137 ID FLUVIAL SYSTEMS; CATCHMENT; INITIATION; INCISION; RWANDA; MODELS AB Pikes Peak Highway is a partially paved road between Cascade, Colorado and the summit of Pikes Peak. Significant gully erosion is occurring on the hillslopes due to the concentration of surface runoff, the rearrangement of drainage pathways along the road surface and adjacent drainage ditches, and the high erodibility of weathered Pikes Peak granite that underlies the area. As a result, large quantities of sediment are transported to surrounding valley networks causing significant damage to water quality and aquatic, wetland, and riparian ecosystems. This study establishes the slope/drainage area threshold for gullying along Pikes Peak Highway and a cesium-137 based sediment budget highlighting rates of gully erosion and subsequent valley deposition for a small headwater basin. The threshold for gullying along the road is S-cr=021A(-045) and the road surface reduces the critical slope requirement for gullying compared to natural drainages in the area. Total gully volume for the 20 gullies along the road is estimated at 5974 m(3), with an erosion rate of 64 m(3) yr(-1) to 101 m(3) yr(-1). Net valley deposition is estimated at 162 m(3) yr(-1) with 120 m(3) yr(-1) unaccounted for by gullying. The hillslope-channel interface is decoupled with minimal downstream sediment transport which results in significant local gully-derived sedimentation. Copyright (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Katz, Harry Alexander; Daniels, J. Michael] Univ Denver, Dept Geog & Environm, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Ryan, Sandra] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Katz, HA (reprint author), Univ Denver, Dept Geog & Environm, 2050 E Iliff Ave,Boettcher West 120, Denver, CO 80208 USA. EM hkatz4@du.edu FU Rocky Mountain Research Station; Pike-San Isabel National Forest FX The authors would like to extend thanks to the USDA Forest Service, specifically the Rocky Mountain Research Station and the Pike-San Isabel National Forest, for providing funding, data, and access to the study area; the Pikes Peak Highway field crew for providing years of on the ground knowledge; Intermap for providing a digital elevation dataset of the study area; and Jeremy Dunn for helping with data collection and fieldwork. NR 34 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 6 U2 26 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0197-9337 EI 1096-9837 J9 EARTH SURF PROC LAND JI Earth Surf. Process. Landf. PD MAR 15 PY 2014 VL 39 IS 3 BP 285 EP 295 DI 10.1002/esp.3443 PG 11 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA AD1JP UT WOS:000332990600001 ER PT J AU Eitel, JUH Magney, TS Vierling, LA Brown, TT Huggins, DR AF Eitel, Jan U. H. Magney, Troy S. Vierling, Lee A. Brown, Tabitha T. Huggins, David R. TI LiDAR based biomass and crop nitrogen estimates for rapid, non-destructive assessment of wheat nitrogen status SO FIELD CROPS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Nitrogen nutrition index; Crop biochemistry; Crop biomass; LiDAR; Precision agriculture; Fertilizer decisions ID LEAF-AREA INDEX; TERRESTRIAL LASER SCANNER; DIFFERENT GROWTH-STAGES; CHLOROPHYLL CONTENT; PRECISION AGRICULTURE; USE EFFICIENCY; RANGING LIDAR; CANOPY; PLANT; REFLECTANCE AB Optical remote sensing of crop nitrogen (N) status is developing into a powerful diagnostic tool that can improve N management decisions. Crop N status is a function of dry mass per unit area (Win t ha(-1)) and N concentration (%N-a), which can be used to calculate N nutrition index (NNI), where NNI is %N-a/N-c (%N-a is actual N concentration and %N-c is the minimum N concentration required for maximum growth). Using optical remote sensing to estimate crop N status is particularly important during the critical early crop developmental stages when reliable data could still guide effective in-season N fertilizer management decisions (e.g., by adding topdressed fertilizer). However, because the spectral signal measured by traditional optical remote sensing devices during early crop development is often dominated by soil spectral reflectance, early season estimates of Wand %N-a are prone to large errors. Terrestrial LiDAR (light detection and ranging) scanning (TLS) may alleviate errors as fine scale TLS point data can be used to directly quantify physical W proxies (e.g., crop height or volume) and derive %N-a from green (532 nm) TLS point return intensity. We evaluated the potential of TLS to assess W, %N-a and NNI of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L). Green TLS measurements were obtained for two seasons during tillering and jointing. Strong (r(2) > = 0.72, RMSE <= 0.68 t ha(-1)) relationships occurred between observed Wand TLS-derived vegetation volume across all growth stages and seasons. A wider range of relationships existed between %N-a and green laser return intensity (r(2) = 0.10-0.75, RMSE = 0.31-0.63%). When fused to calculate a TLS based NNI, a moderately strong relationship occurred (r(2) = 0.45-0.54, RMSE = 0.11 NNI). Our results demonstrate that green TLS can provide useful information for improving N management during early season wheat growth. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Eitel, Jan U. H.; Magney, Troy S.; Vierling, Lee A.] Univ Idaho, Geospatial Lab Environm Dynam, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Eitel, Jan U. H.; Magney, Troy S.; Vierling, Lee A.] Univ Idaho, McCall Outdoor Sci Sch, Mccall, ID 83638 USA. [Brown, Tabitha T.] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99163 USA. [Brown, Tabitha T.; Huggins, David R.] ARS, USDA, Pullman, WA 99163 USA. RP Eitel, JUH (reprint author), Univ Idaho, McCall Outdoor Sci Sch, Mccall, ID 83638 USA. EM jeitel@uidaho.edu RI Vierling, Lee/E-6428-2010 OI Vierling, Lee/0000-0001-5344-1983 FU USDA-NIFA [2011-67003-3034, 2011-68002-30191] FX We thank David Uberuaga for implementing the study design at the Cook Experimental Farm and to Sam Finch for assisting during field work of this study. We greatly appreciate Margaret Davies for processing and analyzing wheat samples in the laboratory. This work was supported by USDA-NIFA Award Nos. 2011-67003-3034 and 2011-68002-30191. Use of trade names does not constitute an official endorsement by the University of Idaho. NR 53 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 10 U2 59 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4290 EI 1872-6852 J9 FIELD CROP RES JI Field Crop. Res. PD MAR 15 PY 2014 VL 159 BP 21 EP 32 DI 10.1016/j.fcr.2014.01.008 PG 12 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AE2ER UT WOS:000333786600003 ER PT J AU Suttle, JC Huckle, LL Lu, SW Knauber, DC AF Suttle, Jeffrey C. Huckle, Linda L. Lu, Shunwen Knauber, Donna C. TI Potato tuber cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase genes: Biochemical properties, activity, and expression during tuber dormancy progression SO JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cytokinin; Dormancy; Potato; Solanum tuberosum; Tuber ID ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; POSTHARVEST STORAGE; SPROUT GROWTH; CIS-ZEATIN; METABOLISM; OXIDASE; BIOSYNTHESIS; DEGRADATION; DEHYDROGENASE; EFFICACY AB The enzymatic and biochemical properties of the proteins encoded by five potato cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase (CKX)-like genes functionally expressed in yeast and the effects of tuber dormancy progression on StCKX expression and cytokinin metabolism were examined in lateral buds isolated from field-grown tubers. All five putative StCKX genes encoded proteins with in vitro CKX activity. All five enzymes were maximally active at neutral to slightly alkaline pH with 2,6-dichloro-indophenol as the electron acceptor. In silico analyses indicated that four proteins were likely secreted. Substrate dependence of two of the most active enzymes varied; one exhibiting greater activity with isopentenyl-type cytokinins while the other was maximally active with cis-zeatin as a substrate. [H-3]-isopentenyl-adenosine was readily metabolized by excised tuber buds to adenine/adenosine demonstrating that CKX was active in planta. There was no change in apparent in planta CKX activity during either natural or chemically forced dormancy progression. Similarly although expression of individual StCKX genes varied modestly during tuber dormancy, there was no clear correlation between StCKX gene expression and tuber dormancy status. Thus although CKX gene expression and enzyme activity are present in potato tuber buds throughout dormancy, they do not appear to play a significant role in the regulation of cytokinin content during tuber dormancy progression. Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 [Suttle, Jeffrey C.; Huckle, Linda L.; Lu, Shunwen; Knauber, Donna C.] ARS, USDA, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. RP Suttle, JC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, No Crop Sci Lab, 1605 Albrecht Blvd N, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM jeff.suttle@ars.usda.gov NR 36 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 39 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0176-1617 J9 J PLANT PHYSIOL JI J. Plant Physiol. PD MAR 15 PY 2014 VL 171 IS 6 BP 448 EP 457 DI 10.1016/j.jplph.2013.11.007 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AD8FH UT WOS:000333501400010 PM 24594397 ER PT J AU Anderson, PD Poage, NJ AF Anderson, Paul D. Poage, Nathan J. TI The Density Management and Riparian Buffer Study: A large-scale silviculture experiment informing riparian management in the Pacific Northwest, USA SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Amphibians; Large-scale management experiment; Microclimate; Riparian buffers; Variable-density thinning ID OREGON COAST RANGE; WESTERN OREGON; HEADWATER FORESTS; SAMPLING METHODS; OLD-GROWTH; ZONES; MICROCLIMATES; ASSEMBLAGES; TEMPERATURE; AMPHIBIANS AB The advent of the Northwest Forest Plan (NWFP) in the early 1990s signaled a new paradigm for management of 9.9 million ha of federal forest lands in western Washington and Oregon, USA. The emphasis shifted from commodity timber production to ensuring sustained ecological functioning to meet a broad array of ecosystem services including economic benefits. Under interim guidelines of the NWFP, approximately 1.1 million ha are allocated to riparian reserves intended to conserve the ecological functions and processes required to create and maintain habitat for aquatic and riparian-dependent organisms. The Density Management and Riparian Buffer Study (DMS), an operational-scale management experiment, has evaluated the effectiveness of alternative buffer widths in meeting ecological objectives for riparian areas in headwater forests subjected to spatially heterogeneous thinning. Observations in unthinned stream-reaches revealed spatial structuring of amphibian and invertebrate species assemblages in relation to headwater habitats. Riparian buffers defined by the transition between distinct riparian habitat features and upslope forest were sufficient to moderate the effect of thinning on near-stream microclimates and wetted streambed temperatures. These same variable-width buffers were less effective when adjacent to 0.4-ha patch openings. Thinning had little impact on the abundance of aquatic amphibians and there was no evidence of species loss. Results of the study are being used to devise headwater forest management and species conservation strategies, and to improve monitoring methods and watershed assessment tools. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Anderson, Paul D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Poage, Nathan J.] Poages Black Inc, Portland, OR USA. RP Anderson, PD (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM pdanderson@fs.fed.us NR 37 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 8 U2 49 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD MAR 15 PY 2014 VL 316 SI SI BP 90 EP 99 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.06.055 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AD0EE UT WOS:000332906500010 ER PT J AU Semashko, TA Vorotnikova, EA Sharikova, VF Vinokurov, KS Smirnova, YA Dunaevsky, YE Belozersky, MA Oppert, B Elpidina, EN Filippova, IY AF Semashko, Tatiana A. Vorotnikova, Elena A. Sharikova, Valeriya F. Vinokurov, Konstantin S. Smirnova, Yulia A. Dunaevsky, Yakov E. Belozersky, Mikhail A. Oppert, Brenda Elpidina, Elena N. Filippova, Irina Y. TI Selective chromogenic and fluorogenic peptide substrates for the assay of cysteine peptidases in complex mixtures SO ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Cysteine peptidases; Substrates of peptidases; Selective peptide substrates; Multicomponent enzyme mixtures; Enzymatic peptide synthesis ID TENEBRIO-MOLITOR COLEOPTERA; COLORADO POTATO BEETLE; L-LIKE PROTEINASES; CATHEPSIN-L; TRIBOLIUM-CASTANEUM; LARVAL MIDGUT; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; DIGESTIVE PROTEINASES; SPECIFICITY ANALYSIS; TRYPANOSOMA-CRUZI AB This study describes the design, synthesis, and use of selective peptide substrates for cysteine peptidases of the Cl papain family, important in many biological processes. The structure of the newly synthesized substrates is Glp-Xaa-Ala-Y (where Glp = pyroglutamyl; Xaa = Phe or Val; and Y = pNA [p-nitroanilide], AMC [4-amino-7-methylcoumaride], or AFC [4-amino-7-trifluoromethyl-coumaridel]). Substrates were synthesized enzymatically to guarantee selectivity of the reaction and optical purity of the target compounds, simplifying the scheme of synthesis and isolation of products. The hydrolysis of the synthesized substrates was evaluated by C1 cysteine peptidases from different organisms and with different functions, including plant enzymes papain, bromelain, ficin, and mammalian lysosomal cathepsins B and L. The new substrates were selective for C1 cysteine peptidases and were not hydrolyzed by serine, aspartic, or metallo peptidases. We demonstrated an application of the selectivity of the synthesized substrates during the chromatographic separation of a multicomponent set of digestive peptidases from a beetle, Tenebrio molitor. Used in combination with the cysteine peptidase inhibitor E-64, these substrates were able to differentiate cysteine peptidases from peptidases of other classes in midgut extracts from T. molitor larvae and larvae of the genus Tribolium; thus, they are useful in the analysis of complex mixtures containing peptidases from different classes. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Semashko, Tatiana A.; Sharikova, Valeriya F.; Filippova, Irina Y.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Chem, Moscow 119992, Russia. [Vorotnikova, Elena A.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Fac Bioengn & Bioinformat, Moscow 119992, Russia. [Vinokurov, Konstantin S.] Biol Ctr AV CR, Entomol Inst, CZ-37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic. [Smirnova, Yulia A.; Dunaevsky, Yakov E.; Belozersky, Mikhail A.; Elpidina, Elena N.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, AN Belozersky Inst Physicochem Biol, Moscow 119992, Russia. [Oppert, Brenda] ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Oppert, B (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM brenda.oppert@ars.usda.gov RI Smirnova, Yulia/C-9903-2012; Belozersky, Mikhail/H-5714-2012; Vinokurov, Konstantin/F-9521-2011 FU Russian Foundation for Basic Research [12-04-01562-a, 12-03-01057-a]; International Science and Technology Center (ISTC) [3455] FX This work was supported by funds from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grants 12-04-01562-a and 12-03-01057-a) and the International Science and Technology Center (ISTC, grant 3455). The mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 80 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 27 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0003-2697 EI 1096-0309 J9 ANAL BIOCHEM JI Anal. Biochem. PD MAR 15 PY 2014 VL 449 BP 179 EP 187 DI 10.1016/j.ab.2013.12.032 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA AC8WP UT WOS:000332816100026 PM 24388866 ER PT J AU Colussi, R Pinto, VZ El Halal, SLM Vanier, NL Villanova, FA Silva, RME Zavareze, ED Dias, ARG AF Colussi, Rosana Pinto, Vania Zanella Mello El Halal, Shanise Lisie Vanier, Nathan Levien Villanova, Franciene Almeida Marques e Silva, Ricardo Zavareze, Elessandra da Rosa Guerra Dias, Alvaro Renato TI Structural, morphological, and physicochemical properties of acetylated high-, medium-, and low-amylose rice starches SO CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS LA English DT Article DE Rice starch; Amylose; Acetylation; Degree of substitution; Acetyl groups ID THERMAL-PROPERTIES; PASTING PROPERTIES; SUBSTITUTION; GRANULE; POTATO; MAIZE; CORN; WAXY AB The high-, medium-, and low-amylose rice starches were isolated by the alkaline method and acetylated by using acetic anhydride for 10, 30, and 90 min of reaction. The degree of substitution (DS), the Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), the X-ray diffractograms, the thermal, morphological, and pasting properties, and the swelling power and solubility of native and acetylated starches were evaluated. The DS of the low-amylose rice starch was higher than the DS of the medium- and the high-amylose rice starches. The introduction of acetyl groups was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy. The acetylation treatment reduced the crystallinity, the viscosity, the swelling power, and the solubility of rice starch; however, there was an increase in the thermal stability of rice starch modified by acetylation. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Colussi, Rosana; Pinto, Vania Zanella; Mello El Halal, Shanise Lisie; Vanier, Nathan Levien; Villanova, Franciene Almeida; Zavareze, Elessandra da Rosa; Guerra Dias, Alvaro Renato] Univ Fed Pelotas, Dept Ciencia & Tecnol Agroind, BR-96010900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil. [Pinto, Vania Zanella] Univ Guelph, Dept Food Sci, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Vanier, Nathan Levien] ARS, Proc Foods Res Unit, WRRC, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Marques e Silva, Ricardo] Univ Fed Pelotas, Curso Engn Mat, Lab Microscopia Eletron, BR-96015560 Pelotas, RS, Brazil. RP Colussi, R (reprint author), Univ Fed Pelotas, Dept Ciencia & Tecnol Agroind, BR-96010900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil. EM rosana_colussi@yahoo.com.br OI Vanier, Nathan/0000-0001-6592-3023; Zanella Pinto, Vania/0000-0002-7081-5446 NR 32 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0144-8617 EI 1879-1344 J9 CARBOHYD POLYM JI Carbohydr. Polym. PD MAR 15 PY 2014 VL 103 BP 405 EP 413 DI 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.12.070 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Organic; Polymer Science SC Chemistry; Polymer Science GA AC8VG UT WOS:000332812600054 PM 24528747 ER PT J AU Cook, D Lee, ST Taylor, CM Bassuner, B Riet-Correa, F Pfister, JA Gardner, DR AF Cook, Daniel Lee, Stephen T. Taylor, Charlotte M. Bassuener, Burgund Riet-Correa, Franklin Pfister, James A. Gardner, Dale R. TI Detection of toxic monofluoroacetate in Palicourea species SO TOXICON LA English DT Article DE Monofluoroacetate; Palicourea; Chemosystematics; Sudden death syndrome ID RUBIACEAE; ACID; CHROMATOGRAPHY; SPECTROSCOPY; MARCGRAVII AB Numerous plant species worldwide including some Palicourea (Rubiaceae), Tanaecium (Bignoniaceae), and Amorimia (Malpighiaceae) species in Brazil cause sudden death and are known to contain monofluoroacetate (MFA). Two species of Palicourea, Palicourea aenofusca and Palicourea marcgravii, cause sudden death and are reported to contain MFA while other Palicourea species are reported to cause sudden death in livestock and are suspected to contain MFA due to the similarity in clinical signs. Using an HPLC-APCI-MS method to detect MFA, herbarium specimens representing 46 Palicourea taxa were screened for the presence of MFA. Additionally we screened five Psychotria taxa that are closely related to Palicourea species. Ten species of Palicourea were identified that contained MFA, two previously reported and eight newly reported here; these are closely related to each other, though some other related species did not contain MFA. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Cook, Daniel; Lee, Stephen T.; Pfister, James A.; Gardner, Dale R.] USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. [Taylor, Charlotte M.; Bassuener, Burgund] Missouri Bot Garden, St Louis, MO 63166 USA. [Riet-Correa, Franklin] Univ Fed Campina Grande, Hosp Vet, CSTR, BR-58700310 Patos de Minas, Paraiba, Brazil. RP Cook, D (reprint author), USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, 1150 E 1400 N, Logan, UT 84341 USA. EM daniel.cook@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0041-0101 J9 TOXICON JI Toxicon PD MAR 15 PY 2014 VL 80 BP 9 EP 16 DI 10.1016/j.toxicon.2013.12.003 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA AD1MW UT WOS:000332999100002 PM 24440601 ER PT J AU Palmer, JA Schilling, KE Isenhart, TM Schultz, RC Tomer, MD AF Palmer, Jason A. Schilling, Keith E. Isenhart, Thomas M. Schultz, Richard C. Tomer, Mark D. TI Streambank erosion rates and loads within a single watershed: Bridging the gap between temporal and spatial scales SO GEOMORPHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Streambank; Sediment Erosion; Erosion pin; Bank erosion ID RIVER BANK EROSION; EFFECTS ASSESSMENT PROJECT; RIPARIAN LAND-USES; WALNUT CREEK; SEDIMENT TRANSPORT; FINE SEDIMENT; UNITED-STATES; CENTRAL IOWA; CHANNEL; PHOSPHORUS AB The importance of streambank erosion to watershed-scale sediment export is being increasingly recognized. However few studies have quantified bank erosion and watershed sediment flux at the basin scale across temporal and spatial scales. In this study we evaluated the spatial distribution, extent, and temporal frequency of bank erosion in the 5218 ha Walnut Creek watershed in Iowa across a seven year period. We inventoried severely eroding streambanks along over 10 km of stream and monitored erosion pins at 20 sites within the watershed. Annual streambank recession rates ranged from 0.6 cm/yr during years of hydrological inactivity to 28.2 cm/yr during seasons with high discharge rates, with an overall average of 18.8 cm/yr. The percentage of total basin export attributed to streambank erosion along the main stem of Walnut Creek ranged from 23 to 53%. Large variations in individual site, annual rates and percentage of annual load suggested that developing direct relationships between streambank erosion rates and total sediment discharge may be confounded by the timing and magnitude of discharge events, storage of sediments within channel system and the remobilization of eroded material. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Palmer, Jason A.] Iowa Dept Nat Resources, Des Moines, IA USA. [Schilling, Keith E.] Iowa Geol & Water Survey, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Isenhart, Thomas M.; Schultz, Richard C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Ames, IA USA. [Tomer, Mark D.] ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, USDA, Ames, IA USA. RP Schilling, KE (reprint author), Iowa Geol & Water Survey, 109 Trowbridge Hall, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM keith.schilling@dnr.iowa.gov NR 66 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-555X EI 1872-695X J9 GEOMORPHOLOGY JI Geomorphology PD MAR 15 PY 2014 VL 209 BP 66 EP 78 DI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2013.11.027 PG 13 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA AC1OD UT WOS:000332265000006 ER PT J AU McGill, JL Sacco, RE Baldwin, CL Telfer, JC Palmer, MV Waters, WR AF McGill, Jodi L. Sacco, Randy E. Baldwin, Cynthia L. Telfer, Janice C. Palmer, Mitchell V. Waters, W. Ray TI Specific Recognition of Mycobacterial Protein and Peptide Antigens by gamma delta T Cell Subsets following Infection with Virulent Mycobacterium bovis SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; IFN-GAMMA; ANAPLASMA-MARGINALE; M. BOVIS; PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS; INCREASED PROPORTIONS; INTERFERON PRODUCTION; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; GENE-EXPRESSION AB Promoting effective immunity to Mycobacterium bovis infection is a challenge that is of interest to the fields of human and animal medicine alike. We report that gamma delta T cells from virulent M. bovis-infected cattle respond specifically and directly to complex, protein, and nonprotein mycobacterial Ags. Importantly, to our knowledge, we demonstrate for the first time that bovine gamma delta T cells specifically recognize peptide Ags derived from the mycobacterial protein complex ESAT6:CFP10 and that this recognition requires direct contact with APCs and signaling through the T cell Ag receptor but is independent of MHC class I or II. Furthermore, we show that M. bovis infection in cattle induces robust IL-17A protein responses. Interestingly, in contrast to results from mice, bovine CD4 T cells, and not gamma delta T cells, are the predominant source of this critical proinflammatory mediator. Bovine gamma delta T cells are divided into subsets based upon their expression of Workshop Cluster 1 (WC1), and we demonstrate that the M. bovis-specific gamma delta T cell response is composed of a heterogeneous mix of WC1-expressing populations, with the serologically defined WC1.1(+) and WC1.2(+) subsets responding in vitro to mycobacterial Ags and accumulating in the lesions of M. bovis-infected animals. The results described in this article enhance our understanding of gamma delta T cell biology and, because virulent M. bovis infection of cattle represents an excellent model of tuberculosis in humans, contribute to our overall understanding of the role of gamma delta T cells in the mycobacterial-specific immune response. C1 [McGill, Jodi L.; Sacco, Randy E.] USDA ARS, Ruminant Dis & Immunol Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Baldwin, Cynthia L.; Telfer, Janice C.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Vet & Anim Sci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Palmer, Mitchell V.; Waters, W. Ray] USDA ARS, Infect Bacterial Dis Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP McGill, JL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ruminant Dis & Immunol Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, 1920 Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM Jodi.Mcgill@ars.usda.gov FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant from the U.S. Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-67015-30736] FX This work was supported by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant 2011-67015-30736 from the U.S. Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture. NR 78 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 EI 1550-6606 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD MAR 15 PY 2014 VL 192 IS 6 BP 2756 EP 2769 DI 10.4049/jimmunol.1302567 PG 14 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA AC7IX UT WOS:000332702700024 PM 24532582 ER PT J AU Kovalskaya, N Owens, R Baker, CJ Deahl, K Hammond, RW AF Kovalskaya, Natalia Owens, Robert Baker, C. Jacyn Deahl, Kenneth Hammond, Rosemarie W. TI Application of a modified EDTA-mediated exudation technique and guttation fluid analysis for Potato spindle tuber viroid RNA detection in tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum) SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Potato spindle tuber viroid; EDTA-mediated phloem exudation; Guttation fluid; Solanum lycopersicum ID AMINO-ACID-COMPOSITION; CELL-TO-CELL; PHLOEM SAP; XYLEM SAP; APHID STYLECTOMY; LONG-DISTANCE; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; HOST INTERACTIONS; SIEVE-TUBE; RT-PCR AB Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) is a small plant pathogenic circular RNA that does not encode proteins, replicates autonomously, and traffics systemically in infected plants. Long-distance transport occurs by way of the phloem; however, one report in the literature describes the presence of viroid RNA in the xylem ring of potato tubers. In this study, a modified method based on an EDTA-mediated phloem exudation technique was applied for detection of PSTVd in the phloem of infected tomato plants. RT-PCR, nucleic acid sequencing, and Southern blot analyses of RT-PCR products verified the presence of viroid RNA in phloem exudates. In addition, the guttation fluid collected from the leaves of PSTVd-infected tomato plants was analyzed revealing the absence of viroid RNA in the xylem sap. To our knowledge, this is the first report of PSTVd RNA detection in phloem exudates obtained by the EDTA-mediated exudation technique. 0 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Kovalskaya, Natalia; Owens, Robert; Baker, C. Jacyn; Hammond, Rosemarie W.] USDA ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Kovalskaya, Natalia] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Inst Ecol Soil Sci, Moscow 119991, Russia. [Deahl, Kenneth] USDA ARS, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Hammond, RW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM rose.hammond@ars.usda.gov NR 73 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 EI 1879-0984 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD MAR 15 PY 2014 VL 198 BP 75 EP 81 DI 10.1016/j.jviromet.2013.12.015 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA AB8RB UT WOS:000332056600011 PM 24388932 ER PT J AU Li, G Zhang, WJ Baker, MS Laritsky, E Mattan-Hung, N Yu, DH Kunde-Ramamoorthy, G Simerly, RB Chen, R Shen, LL Waterland, RA AF Li, Ge Zhang, Wenjuan Baker, Maria S. Laritsky, Eleonora Mattan-Hung, Natalia Yu, Dahai Kunde-Ramamoorthy, Govindarajan Simerly, Richard B. Chen, Rui Shen, Lanlan Waterland, Robert A. TI Major epigenetic development distinguishing neuronal and non-neuronal cells occurs postnatally in the murine hypothalamus SO HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS LA English DT Article ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; DNA METHYLATION; SONIC HEDGEHOG; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; GENE-EXPRESSION; FEMALE MICE; STEM-CELLS; PROMOTER; OBESITY; ENGRAILED-1 AB Prenatal and early postnatal environment can persistently alter one's risk of obesity. Environmental effects on hypothalamic developmental epigenetics constitute a likely mechanism underlying such 'developmental programming' of energy balance regulation. To advance our understanding of these processes, it is essential to develop approaches to disentangle the cellular and regional heterogeneity of hypothalamic developmental epigenetics. We therefore performed genome-scale DNA methylation profiling in hypothalamic neurons and non-neuronal cells at postnatal day 0 (P0) and P21 and found, surprisingly, that most of the DNA methylation differences distinguishing these two cell types are established postnatally. In particular, neuron-specific increases in DNA methylation occurred extensively at genes involved in neuronal development. Quantitative bisulfite pyrosequencing verified our methylation profiling results in all 15 regions examined, and expression differences were associated with DNA methylation at several genes. We also identified extensive methylation differences between the arcuate (ARH) and paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVH). Integrating these two data sets showed that genomic regions with PVH versus ARH differential methylation strongly overlap with those undergoing neuron-specific increases from P0 to P21, suggesting that these developmental changes occur preferentially in either the ARH or PVH. In particular, neuron-specific methylation increases at the 3' end of Shh localized to the ARH and were positively associated with gene expression. Our data indicate a key role for DNA methylation in establishing the gene expression potential of diverse hypothalamic cell types, and provide the novel insight that early postnatal life is a critical period for cell type-specific epigenetic development in the murine hypothalamus. C1 [Li, Ge; Zhang, Wenjuan; Baker, Maria S.; Laritsky, Eleonora; Yu, Dahai; Kunde-Ramamoorthy, Govindarajan; Shen, Lanlan; Waterland, Robert A.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA, ARS,Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Mattan-Hung, Natalia; Simerly, Richard B.] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Neurosci Program, Saban Res Inst,Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Chen, Rui; Waterland, Robert A.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol & Human Genet, USDA, ARS,Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Shen, LL (reprint author), ARS, Dept Pediat, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 1100 Bates St,Ste 8020, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM lanlans@bcm.edu; waterland@bcm.edu FU National Institutes of Health [1R01DK081557]; U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) [CRIS 6250-51000-055]; Sidney Kimmel Foundation; National Cancer Institute [R21CA137689]; Thrasher Research Fund fellowship [NR-0136] FX This work was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (1R01DK081557) to R. A. W., the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) (CRIS 6250-51000-055) to R. A. W and L. S., the Sidney Kimmel Foundation and National Cancer Institute (R21CA137689) to L. S. and a Thrasher Research Fund fellowship (NR-0136) to G. L. NR 61 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0964-6906 EI 1460-2083 J9 HUM MOL GENET JI Hum. Mol. Genet. PD MAR 15 PY 2014 VL 23 IS 6 BP 1579 EP 1590 DI 10.1093/hmg/ddt548 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA AB8MK UT WOS:000332044300015 PM 24186871 ER PT J AU Chen, J Zhang, XCJ Brissette, FP AF Chen, Jie Zhang, Xunchang J. Brissette, Francois P. TI Assessing scale effects for statistically downscaling precipitation with GPCC model SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE scale effects; statistical downscaling; quantile mapping; climate change; stochastic weather generator ID REGIONAL-CLIMATE MODEL; STOCHASTIC WEATHER GENERATORS; TEMPERATURE; CIRCULATION; SENSITIVITY; IMPACT; VARIABILITY; PARAMETERS; SCENARIOS; OUTPUT AB The resolution of general circulation models (GCMs) is too coarse to assess the site-specific impacts of climate change. Downscaling approaches have been developed to meet this requirement. As the resolution of climate model increases, it is imperative to know whether the finer resolution of regional climate models (RCMs) would result in any improvement of statistical downscaling quality at the station scale for particular downscaling methods. The objective of this study is to assess the effects of climate model resolutions on statistical downscaling quality of precipitation using the generator for point climate change (GPCC) model. The downscaling is conducted across three scales, from GCM, and mid- and high-resolution RCMs to a station scale for two Canadian stations in the Quebec province. Observed precipitation gridded to the corresponding scales is also studied in parallel, totalling six downscaling experiments. The results show that the statistics of downscaled precipitation are somewhat overestimated for the Sept-Iles station for all six downscaling experiments with the relative error of mean daily, monthly, and annual precipitation ranging between 1.1 and 5.0%, between 2.7 and 5.9% and between 0.5 and 6.2%, respectively, but underestimated for the Bonnard station with the relative error ranging between -4.1 and -10.2%, between -3.2 and -13.3%, and between -2.6 and -12.0%, respectively. The number of wet days per year is well preserved with the difference between observed and downscaled data ranging between -2.9 and 6 d across all downscaling experiments and two stations. The quality of downscaled precipitation is similar between using gridded observations and model-simulated data for both stations. Furthermore, there is no noteworthy scale effect on downscaling quality when downscaling climate model output with GPCC, indicating that for regions without RCM projections, high-quality daily series at stations can be derived directly from GCM projections with this particular downscaling model. (c) 2013 Royal Meteorological Society C1 [Chen, Jie] Northwest A&F Univ, Inst Soil & Water Conservat, State Key Lab Soil Eros & Dryland Farming Loess P, Yangling, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Chen, Jie; Brissette, Francois P.] Univ Quebec, Ecole Technol Super, Dept Construct Engn, Montreal, PQ H3C 1K3, Canada. [Zhang, Xunchang J.] USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK USA. RP Chen, J (reprint author), Univ Quebec, Ecole Technol Super, Dept Construct Engn, Montreal, PQ H3C 1K3, Canada. EM jie.chen.1@ens.etsmtl.ca FU State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest AF University [10501-1205]; Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); Hydro-Quebec and the Ouranos Consortium on Regional Climatology and Adaption to Climate Change FX This work was partially funded by the State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University (No: 10501-1205). The authors thank the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), Hydro-Quebec and the Ouranos Consortium on Regional Climatology and Adaption to Climate Change for their supports and contributions to this project. We also thank the Climatic Research Unit (http://www.cru.uea.ac.uk/cru/data/hrg.htm), University of East Anglia provided the gridded precipitation at both 2.5 degrees x 3.75 degrees and 0.5 degrees x 0.5 degrees resolutions. The gridded data at the 10 km resolution provided by the National Land and Water Information Service (www.agr.gc.ca/nlwis-snite) dataset. NCEP Reanalysis data provided by the NOAA/OAR/ESRL PSD, Boulder, Colorado, USA, from their Web site at http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/. The CRCM data at 45- and 15-km scales has been generated and supplied by Ouranos. NR 63 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 23 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0899-8418 EI 1097-0088 J9 INT J CLIMATOL JI Int. J. Climatol. PD MAR 15 PY 2014 VL 34 IS 3 BP 708 EP 727 DI 10.1002/joc.3717 PG 20 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AB9EK UT WOS:000332092900013 ER PT J AU Cammalleri, C Anderson, MC Gao, F Hain, CR Kustas, WP AF Cammalleri, C. Anderson, M. C. Gao, F. Hain, C. R. Kustas, W. P. TI Mapping daily evapotranspiration at field scales over rainfed and irrigated agricultural areas using remote sensing data fusion SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Thermal remote sensing; Surface energy balance; Multi-sensor data fusion ID LANDSAT SURFACE REFLECTANCE; HEAT-FLUX; ENERGY FLUXES; NORTH-AMERICA; MODEL; TEMPERATURE; MODIS; VEGETATION; EVAPORATION; SOIL AB Continuous monitoring of daily evapotranspiration (ET) at field scale can be achieved by combining thermal infrared remote sensing data information from multiple satellite platforms, given that no single sensor currently exists today with the required spatiotemporal resolution. Here, an integrated approach to field-scale ET mapping is described, combining multi-scale surface energy balance evaluations and a data fusion methodology, namely the Spatial and Temporal Adaptive Reflectance Fusion Model (STARFM), to optimally exploit spatiotemporal characteristics of image datasets collected by the Landsat and Moderate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensors, as well as geostationaiy platforms. Performance of this methodology is evaluated over adjacent irrigated and rainfed fields, since mixed conditions are the most challenging for data fusion procedures, and in two different climatic regions: a semi-arid site in Bushland, TX and a temperate site in Mead, NE. Daytime-total ET estimates obtained for the Landsat overpass dates suggest that the intrinsic model accuracy is consistent across the different test sites (and on the order of 0.5 mm d(-1)) when contemporaneous Landsat imagery at 30-m resolution is available. Comparisons between tower observations and daily ET datastreams, reconstructed between overpasses by fusing Landsat and MODIS estimates, provide a means for assessing the strengths and limitations of the fused product. At the Mead site, the model performed similarly for both irrigated and rainfed fields, with an accuracy of about 0.9 mm d(-1). This similarity in performance is likely due to the relatively large size of the fields (approximate to 50 ha), suggesting that the soil moisture dynamics of the irrigated fields are reasonably well captured at the 1-km MODIS thermal pixel scale. On the other hand, the accuracy of daily retrievals for irrigated fields at the Bushland site was lower than that for the rainfed field (errors of 1.5 and 1.0 mm d(-1), respectively), likely due to the inability of the model to capture ET spikes right after irrigation events for fields substantially smaller than MODIS data resolution. At this site, the irrigated fields were small (approximate to 5 ha) compared to the MODIS pixel size, and sparsely distributed over the landscape, so sporadic contributions to ET from soil evaporation due to irrigation were not captured by the 1-km MODIS ET retrievals. However, due the semiarid environment at Bushland, these irrigation-induced spikes in soil evaporation are not long-lived and these underestimations generally affect the irrigation dates only and they do not seem to influence negatively the estimates at the seasonal scale. ET data fusion is expected to perform better over agricultural areas where irrigation is more spatially continuous, resulting in moisture fluxes that are more uniform at the MODIS pixel scale. Overall, the model accurately reproduces the ET temporal dynamics for all the experimental sites, and is able to capture the main differences that were observed between irrigated and rainfed fields at both daily and seasonal time scales. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Cammalleri, C.; Anderson, M. C.; Gao, F.; Kustas, W. P.] ARS, USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Hain, C. R.] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Cammalleri, C (reprint author), Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, TP280 Via E Fermi 2749, I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy. EM cammillino@gmail.com RI Hain, Christopher/G-3512-2012; Anderson, Martha/C-1720-2015; Kustas, William/C-2063-2015 OI Hain, Christopher/0000-0002-0093-6816; Anderson, Martha/0000-0003-0748-5525; FU NASA [NNH11AQ82I] FX This work was supported in part by funding from NASA grant NNH11AQ82I. The authors would like to thank Dr. Shashi Verma for. collection of the MEAD flux dataset, and collaborators at USDA-ARS CPRL for their support of the BEAREX'08 field experiment. NR 47 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 7 U2 76 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1923 EI 1873-2240 J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL JI Agric. For. Meteorol. PD MAR 15 PY 2014 VL 186 BP 1 EP 11 DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2013.11.001 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AB0KS UT WOS:000331481400001 ER PT J AU Colombini, S Broderick, GA Galasso, I Martinelli, T Rapetti, L Russo, R Reggiani, R AF Colombini, Stefania Broderick, Glen A. Galasso, Incoronata Martinelli, Tommaso Rapetti, Luca Russo, Roberto Reggiani, Remo TI Evaluation of Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz meal as an alternative protein source in ruminant rations SO JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE false flax; oil seed crops; by-product; antinutrional factor contents; rumen undegraded protein ID NEUTRAL DETERGENT FIBER; ANIMAL NUTRITION; SEED QUALITY; DAIRY-COW; PHOSPHORUS; FEEDS; RUMEN; MILK; ACID; METABOLITES AB BACKGROUNDCamelina sativa (CS) is an oilseed crop used for biofuel production. By-products from oil extraction are high in protein and can be used in ruminant rations; more information about their nutritive value is required also considering the antinutrional factor content of the by-products. The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritive value of CS meal genotypes in comparison with canola. RESULTSTen CS genotypes and one canola cultivar were evaluated. Meals were obtained from seeds after solvent oil extraction. CS average crude protein (CP) content (gkg(-1) dry matter) was 457. Numerical differences in lysine and sulfur amino acid content were observed among CS genotypes. Glucosinolate (mmolkg(-1)) content was higher for CS (23.1) than canola (7.2). Sinapine content (gkg(-1)) was lower for CS (2.79) than for canola (4.32). Differences were observed among CS genotypes for rumen undegraded protein (RUP). Average RUP (gkg(-1) CP) was 316 for CS and 275 for canola. CONCLUSIONSCS meal has potential for use in ruminant rations as a high-quality protein source. In vivo studies are needed to compare CS with other protein sources used in cattle rations. Implementation of breeding programs for improved meal quality is recommend. (c) 2013 Society of Chemical Industry C1 [Colombini, Stefania; Rapetti, Luca] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Sci Agr & Ambientali Prod, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Broderick, Glen A.] ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Galasso, Incoronata; Russo, Roberto; Reggiani, Remo] CNR, Ist Biol & Biotecnol Agr, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Martinelli, Tommaso] Ctr Ric Colture Ind, Consiglio Ric Sperimentaz Agr, I-40128 Bologna, Italy. RP Reggiani, R (reprint author), CNR, Ist Biol & Biotecnol Agr, Via Bassini 15, I-20133 Milan, Italy. EM reggiani@ibba.cnr.it RI Galasso, Incoronata/O-1838-2015; Reggiani, Remo/O-3219-2014; OI Galasso, Incoronata/0000-0002-7034-1076; Reggiani, Remo/0000-0002-6188-6605; Martinelli, Tommaso/0000-0002-1702-3853 FU Regione Lombardia (Italy) FX This work was partially supported by Regione Lombardia (Italy), agreement Regione/CNR, project 2: 'Risorse biologiche e tecnologie innovative per lo sviluppo sostenibile del sistema agro-alimentare'. NR 49 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 47 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-5142 EI 1097-0010 J9 J SCI FOOD AGR JI J. Sci. Food Agric. PD MAR 15 PY 2014 VL 94 IS 4 BP 736 EP 743 DI 10.1002/jsfa.6408 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AA6ZX UT WOS:000331247900016 PM 24105894 ER PT J AU Smith, BM Bean, SR Selling, G Sessa, D Aramouni, FM AF Smith, Brennan M. Bean, Scott R. Selling, Gordon Sessa, David Aramouni, Fadi M. TI Role of non-covalent interactions in the production of visco-elastic material from zein SO FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Zein; Gluten; Viscoelastic; Gluten free; Protein functionality ID WHEAT GLUTEN PROTEINS; RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES; LYOTROPIC SERIES; NEUTRAL SALTS; WATER-SURFACE; FLOUR; FUNCTIONALITY; POLYMERS; KAFIRIN; IMPACT AB The role of non-covalent interactions in the formation of visco-elastic material from zein was investigated. Hydrophobic interactions were evaluated through the addition of various salts from the Hofmeister series. Urea, ethanol, and beta mercaptoethanol (beta-ME) were used to evaluate the effects of protein denaturation and disulfide bonds on zein's ability to form a visco-elastic material. The addition of NaI and NaSCN altered the properties of visco-elastic materials made from zein, making them softer and more extensible, as did urea and ethanol. The addition of NaCl and Na2SO4 negatively impacted the ability of zein to from a visco-elastic material and at higher concentrations completely disrupted the formation of visco-elastic material. These results indicate that manipulating non-covalent interactions in zein can alter and in some cases, completely disrupt the formation of a visco-elastic material. Specifically this may be due to disruption of hydrophobic interactions within individual zein proteins or interactions between proteins. The reducing agent beta-ME had little effect on zein's ability to form a visco-elastic material. Therefore, the visco-elastic properties of zein arise as a result of non-covalent interactions. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Smith, Brennan M.; Bean, Scott R.] USDA ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Selling, Gordon; Sessa, David] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Aramouni, Fadi M.] Kansas State Univ, Inst Food Sci, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Smith, BM (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, 118 Trident Way, Kodiak, AK 99615 USA. EM bmsmith10@alaska.edu OI Bean, Scott/0000-0001-8678-8094 NR 26 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 40 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-8146 EI 1873-7072 J9 FOOD CHEM JI Food Chem. PD MAR 15 PY 2014 VL 147 BP 230 EP 238 DI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.09.152 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 273FY UT WOS:000328521900034 PM 24206711 ER PT J AU Santos, CR Polo, CC Costa, MCMF Nascimento, AFZ Meza, AN Cota, J Hoffmam, ZB Honorato, RV Oliveira, PSL Goldman, GH Gilbert, HJ Prade, RA Ruller, R Squina, FM Wong, DWS Murakami, MT AF Santos, Camila R. Polo, Carla C. Costa, Maria C. M. F. Nascimento, Andrey F. Z. Meza, Andreia N. Cota, Junio Hoffmam, Zaira B. Honorato, Rodrigo V. Oliveira, Paulo S. L. Goldman, Gustavo H. Gilbert, Harry J. Prade, Rolf A. Ruller, Roberto Squina, Fabio M. Wong, Dominic W. S. Murakami, Mario T. TI Mechanistic Strategies for Catalysis Adopted by Evolutionary Distinct Family 43 Arabinanases SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Biotechnology; Enzyme Kinetics; Glycoside Hydrolases; Protein Chimeras; Protein Structure; GH43 Family; Accessory Domain; Activation Mechanism; Arabinanase; Endo; Exo Activities ID MALTOSE-BINDING-PROTEIN; BACILLUS-HALODURANS C-125; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; GEOBACILLUS-STEAROTHERMOPHILUS; DRIVEN CRYSTALLIZATION; GLYCOSIDE HYDROLASE; EXO-OLIGOXYLANASE; STRUCTURAL BASIS; FUSION PROTEIN; SIDE-CHAINS AB Background: Arabinanases are key enzymes involved in hemicellulose degradation. Results: Crystallographic, mutational, and biochemical assays of three arabinanases reveal the molecular mechanisms governing their catalysis and activation. Conclusion: Accessory domain and metal ion are essential for catalysis. Structural adaptations in the catalytic interface confer unique action modes to ruminal arabinanases. Significance: This work provides new molecular strategies for arabinan hydrolysis. Arabinanases (ABNs, EC 3.2.1.99) are promising catalysts for environmentally friendly biomass conversion into energy and chemicals. These enzymes catalyze the hydrolysis of the -1,5-linked l-arabinofuranoside backbone of plant cell wall arabinans releasing arabino-oligosaccharides and arabinose, the second most abundant pentose in nature. In this work, new findings about the molecular mechanisms governing activation, functional differentiation, and catalysis of GH43 ABNs are presented. Biophysical, mutational, and biochemical studies with the hyperthermostable two-domain endo-acting ABN from Thermotoga petrophila (TpABN) revealed how some GH43 ABNs are activated by calcium ions via hyperpolarization of the catalytically relevant histidine and the importance of the ancillary domain for catalysis and conformational stability. On the other hand, the two GH43 ABNs from rumen metagenome, ARN2 and ARN3, presented a calcium-independent mechanism in which sodium is the most likely substituent for calcium ions. The crystal structure of the two-domain endo-acting ARN2 showed that its ability to efficiently degrade branched substrates is due to a larger catalytic interface with higher accessibility than that observed in other ABNs with preference for linear arabinan. Moreover, crystallographic characterization of the single-domain exo-acting ARN3 indicated that its cleavage pattern producing arabinose is associated with the chemical recognition of the reducing end of the substrate imposed by steric impediments at the aglycone-binding site. By structure-guided rational design, ARN3 was converted into a classical endo enzyme, confirming the role of the extended Arg(203)-Ala(230) loop in determining its action mode. These results reveal novel molecular aspects concerning the functioning of GH43 ABNs and provide new strategies for arabinan degradation. C1 [Santos, Camila R.; Polo, Carla C.; Costa, Maria C. M. F.; Nascimento, Andrey F. Z.; Meza, Andreia N.; Honorato, Rodrigo V.; Oliveira, Paulo S. L.; Murakami, Mario T.] Brazilian Ctr Res Energy & Mat, Brazilian Biosci Natl Lab, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil. [Cota, Junio; Hoffmam, Zaira B.; Goldman, Gustavo H.; Prade, Rolf A.; Ruller, Roberto; Squina, Fabio M.] Brazilian Ctr Res Energy & Mat, Brazilian Bioethanol Sci & Technol Lab, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil. [Gilbert, Harry J.] Newcastle Univ, Sch Med, Inst Cell & Mol Biosci, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. [Wong, Dominic W. S.] USDA, ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Murakami, MT (reprint author), Giuseppe Maximo Scolfaro 10000, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil. EM mario.murakami@lnbio.cnpem.br RI Honorato, Rodrigo/H-9773-2013; Oliveira, Paulo/K-5588-2013; Goldman, Gustavo/F-1848-2013; Squina, Fabio/J-8130-2012; Ziem Nascimento, Andrey/M-1740-2016; OI Honorato, Rodrigo/0000-0001-5267-3002; Ziem Nascimento, Andrey/0000-0003-4692-5263; Ruller, Roberto/0000-0001-7501-5176; Murakami, Mario/0000-0002-0405-8010; Santos, Camila/0000-0003-0652-4211 FU Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) [10/51890-8, 13/13309-0]; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) [476043/2011-5, 308092/2012-0]; Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de N vel Superior (CAPES) FX This work was supported by Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) Grants 10/51890-8 and 13/13309-0, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) Grants 476043/2011-5 and 308092/2012-0, and the Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de N vel Superior (CAPES). NR 56 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 40 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 EI 1083-351X J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD MAR 14 PY 2014 VL 289 IS 11 BP 7362 EP 7373 DI 10.1074/jbc.M113.537167 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA AC8CV UT WOS:000332761500009 PM 24469445 ER PT J AU Egidi, E Sestili, F Janni, M D'Ovidio, R Lafiandra, D Ceriotti, A Vensel, WH Kasarda, DD Masci, S AF Egidi, Eleonora Sestili, Francesco Janni, Michela D'Ovidio, Renato Lafiandra, Domenico Ceriotti, Aldo Vensel, William H. Kasarda, Donald D. Masci, Stefania TI An asparagine residue at the N-terminus affects the maturation process of low molecular weight glutenin subunits of wheat endosperm SO BMC PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Asparaginyl endopeptidase; Gluten protein maturation; Low molecular weight glutenin subunits; Proteomic analysis; Genetic transformation; Transgenic plants; Wheat ID POLYACRYLAMIDE-GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; SEED STORAGE PROTEINS; TRITICUM-AESTIVUM; BREAD WHEATS; DURUM-WHEAT; GENES; EXPRESSION; PLANTS; RICE AB Background: Wheat glutenin polymers are made up of two main subunit types, the high- (HMW-GS) and low- (LMW-GS) molecular weight subunits. These latter are represented by heterogeneous proteins. The most common, based on the first amino acid of the mature sequence, are known as LMW-m and LMW-s types. The mature sequences differ as a consequence of three extra amino acids (MET-) at the N-terminus of LMW-m types. The nucleotide sequences of their encoding genes are, however, nearly identical, so that the relationship between gene and protein sequences is difficult to ascertain. It has been hypothesized that the presence of an asparagine residue in position 23 of the complete coding sequence for the LMW-s type might account for the observed three-residue shortened sequence, as a consequence of cleavage at the asparagine by an asparaginyl endopeptidase. Results: We performed site-directed mutagenesis of a LMW-s gene to replace asparagine at position 23 with threonine and thus convert it to a candidate LMW-m type gene. Similarly, a candidate LMW-m type gene was mutated at position 23 to replace threonine with asparagine. Next, we produced transgenic durum wheat (cultivar Svevo) lines by introducing the mutated versions of the LMW-m and LMW-s genes, along with the wild type counterpart of the LMW-m gene. Proteomic comparisons between the transgenic and null segregant plants enabled identification of transgenic proteins by mass spectrometry analyses and Edman N-terminal sequencing. Conclusions: Our results show that the formation of LMW-s type relies on the presence of an asparagine residue close to the N-terminus generated by signal peptide cleavage, and that LMW-GS can be quantitatively processed most likely by vacuolar asparaginyl endoproteases, suggesting that those accumulated in the vacuole are not sequestered into stable aggregates that would hinder the action of proteolytic enzymes. Rather, whatever is the mechanism of glutenin polymer transport to the vacuole, the proteins remain available for proteolytic processing, and can be converted to the mature form by the removal of a short N-terminal sequence. C1 [Egidi, Eleonora; Sestili, Francesco; Janni, Michela; D'Ovidio, Renato; Lafiandra, Domenico; Masci, Stefania] Univ Tuscia, DAFNE, Viterbo, Italy. [Ceriotti, Aldo] CNR, IBBA, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Vensel, William H.; Kasarda, Donald D.] USDA ARS, WRRC, Albany, CA USA. RP Masci, S (reprint author), Univ Tuscia, DAFNE, Viterbo, Italy. EM masci@unitus.it RI Masci, Stefania/B-6690-2013; Ceriotti, Aldo/A-1448-2016; OI Masci, Stefania/0000-0003-2857-4498; Sestili, Francesco/0000-0002-9653-8002; Ceriotti, Aldo/0000-0002-8230-8863; D'Ovidio, Renato/0000-0001-8530-5898 FU Italian Ministry of Education, University, and Research (MIUR); project Mario Negri Sud "Proteomics/Genomics to analyse flour functionality differences between wheat varieties"; USDA Agricultural Research Service CRIS Project [5325-43000-026-00 D]; project "Laboratorio di GENomica per caratteri di importanza AGROnomica in frumento duro: identificazione di geni utili, analisi funzionale e selezione assistita con marcatori molecolari per lo sviluppo della filiera sementiera nazionale (AGRO-GEN)" FX This work was funded by the Italian Ministry of Education, University, and Research (MIUR), project "Laboratorio di GENomica per caratteri di importanza AGROnomica in frumento duro: identificazione di geni utili, analisi funzionale e selezione assistita con marcatori molecolari per lo sviluppo della filiera sementiera nazionale (AGRO-GEN)". EE PhD fellowship was in part supported by the project Mario Negri Sud "Proteomics/Genomics to analyse flour functionality differences between wheat varieties". WHV and DDK used funds from USDA Agricultural Research Service CRIS Project 5325-43000-026-00 D. NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 28 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2229 J9 BMC PLANT BIOL JI BMC Plant Biol. PD MAR 14 PY 2014 VL 14 AR 64 DI 10.1186/1471-2229-14-64 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AF9YJ UT WOS:000335070300001 PM 24629124 ER PT J AU Hasin, N Cusack, SA Ali, SS Fitzpatrick, DA Jones, GW AF Hasin, Naushaba Cusack, Sarah A. Ali, Shahin S. Fitzpatrick, David A. Jones, Gary W. TI Global transcript and phenotypic analysis of yeast cells expressing Ssa1, Ssa2, Ssa3 or Ssa4 as sole source of cytosolic Hsp70-Ssa chaperone activity SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Prion; Heat shock; Stress; Hsp70; Ssa1; Ssa2; Ssa3; Ssa4; Chaperone; Gene expression ID NUCLEOTIDE EXCHANGE FACTOR; HEAT-SHOCK PROTEINS; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; PRION PROPAGATION; MOLECULAR CHAPERONES; IN-VIVO; GUANIDINE-HYDROCHLORIDE; FUNCTIONAL SPECIFICITY; MAMMALIAN PRIONS; OXIDATIVE STRESS AB Background: Cytosolic Hsp70 is a ubiquitous molecular chaperone that is involved in responding to a variety of cellular stresses. A major function of Hsp70 is to prevent the aggregation of denatured proteins by binding to exposed hydrophobic regions and preventing the accumulation of amorphous aggregates. To gain further insight into the functional redundancy and specialisation of the highly homologous yeast Hsp70-Ssa family we expressed each of the individual Ssa proteins as the sole source of Hsp70 in the cell and assessed phenotypic differences in prion propagation and stress resistance. Additionally we also analysed the global gene expression patterns in yeast strains expressing individual Ssa proteins, using microarray and RT-qPCR analysis. Results: We confirm and extend previous studies demonstrating that cells expressing different Hsp70-Ssa isoforms vary in their ability to propagate the yeast [PSI+] prion, with Ssa3 being the most proficient. Of the four Ssa family members the heat inducible isoforms are more proficient in acquiring thermotolerance and we show a greater requirement than was previously thought, for cellular processes in addition to the traditional Hsp104 protein disaggregase machinery, in acquiring such thermotolerance. Cells expressing different Hsp70-Ssa isoforms also display differences in phenotypic response to exposure to cell wall damaging and oxidative stress agents, again with the heat inducible isoforms providing better protection than constitutive isoforms. We assessed global transcriptome profiles for cells expressing individual Hsp70-Ssa isoforms as the sole source of cytosolic Hsp70, and identified a significant difference in cellular gene expression between these strains. Differences in gene expression profiles provide a rationale for some phenotypic differences we observed in this study. We also demonstrate a high degree of correlation between microarray data and RT-qPCR analysis for a selection of genes. Conclusions: The Hsp70-Ssa family provide both redundant and variant-specific functions within the yeast cell. Yeast cells expressing individual members of the Hsp70-Ssa family as the sole source of Ssa protein display differences in global gene expression profiles. These changes in global gene expression may contribute significantly to the phenotypic differences observed between the Hsp70-Ssa family members. C1 [Hasin, Naushaba; Cusack, Sarah A.; Jones, Gary W.] Natl Univ Ireland Maynooth, Dept Biol, Yeast Genet Lab, Maynooth, Kildare, Ireland. [Hasin, Naushaba] NICHHD, Sect Format RNA, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Ali, Shahin S.] ARS, Sustainable Perennial Crops Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Fitzpatrick, David A.] Natl Univ Ireland Maynooth, Dept Biol, Genome Evolut Lab, Maynooth, Kildare, Ireland. RP Jones, GW (reprint author), Natl Univ Ireland Maynooth, Dept Biol, Yeast Genet Lab, Maynooth, Kildare, Ireland. EM gary.jones@nuim.ie OI Fitzpatrick, David/0000-0001-7345-6998 FU Science Foundation Ireland [RFP/07/BIC493]; John and Pat Hume postgraduate scholarship; Toray Industries as part of a 3D-Gene(TM) Competition Award FX We thank Daniel Masison for plasmids, Elizabeth Craig and John Glover for antibodies, used in this study. This work was supported in part by Science Foundation Ireland grant RFP/07/BIC493 awarded to GWJ. NH was supported by a John and Pat Hume postgraduate scholarship. Microarray analysis was performed by Toray Industries as part of a 3D-Gene (TM) Competition Award to GWJ. NR 70 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 5 U2 17 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD MAR 14 PY 2014 VL 15 AR 194 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-15-194 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA AD8QB UT WOS:000333529600003 PM 24628813 ER PT J AU Basler, C Forshey, TM Machesky, K Erdman, CM Gomez, TM Nguyen, TA Behravesh, CB AF Basler, Colin Forshey, Tony M. Machesky, Kimberly Erdman, C. Matthew Gomez, Thomas M. Thai-An Nguyen Behravesh, Casey Barton TI Multistate Outbreak of Human Salmonella Infections Linked to Live Poultry from a Mail-Order Hatchery in Ohio - March-September 2013 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Basler, Colin] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Forshey, Tony M.] Ohio Dept Agr, Reynoldsburg, OH 43068 USA. [Machesky, Kimberly] Ohio Dept Hlth, Columbus, OH 43266 USA. [Erdman, C. Matthew] USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Thai-An Nguyen; Behravesh, Casey Barton] CDC, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Basler, C (reprint author), CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cbasler@cdc.gov NR 3 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 5 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD MAR 14 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 10 BP 222 EP 222 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AD0QW UT WOS:000332940200004 PM 24622287 ER PT J AU Condon, MA Scheffer, SJ Lewis, ML Wharton, R Adams, DC Forbes, AA AF Condon, Marty A. Scheffer, Sonja J. Lewis, Matthew L. Wharton, Robert Adams, Dean C. Forbes, Andrew A. TI Lethal Interactions Between Parasites and Prey Increase Niche Diversity in a Tropical Community SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PHYTOPHAGOUS INSECTS; HOST-SPECIFICITY; TROPHIC LEVELS; FORESTS; DROSOPHILA; PLANTS AB Ecological specialization should minimize niche overlap, yet herbivorous neotropical flies (Blepharoneura) and their lethal parasitic wasps (parasitoids) exhibit both extreme specialization and apparent niche overlap in host plants. From just two plant species at one site in Peru, we collected 3636 flowers yielding 1478 fly pupae representing 14 Blepharoneura fly species, 18 parasitoid species (14 Bellopius species), and parasitoid-host associations, all discovered through analysis of molecular data. Multiple sympatric species specialize on the same sex flowers of the same fly host-plant species-which suggests extreme niche overlap; however, niche partitioning was exposed by interactions between wasps and flies. Most Bellopius species emerged as adults from only one fly species, yet evidence from pupae (preadult emergence samples) show that most Bellopius also attacked additional fly species but never emerged as adults from those flies. C1 [Condon, Marty A.] Cornell Coll, Dept Biol, Mt Vernon, IA 52314 USA. [Scheffer, Sonja J.; Lewis, Matthew L.] USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Wharton, Robert] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Entomol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Adams, Dean C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Adams, Dean C.] Univ Iowa, Dept Stat, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Forbes, Andrew A.] Univ Iowa, Dept Biol, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Condon, MA (reprint author), Cornell Coll, Dept Biol, Mt Vernon, IA 52314 USA. EM mcondon@cornellcollege.edu FU NSF [0919027]; NSF ROA [1145355]; University of Iowa; [NSF-0330845]; [0949361] FX NSF-0330845, 0949361 to M.A.C; NSF 0919027 to R.W.; NSF ROA (1145355), University of Iowa to A.A.F. Data are available in supplementary materials and archived at National Center for Biotechnology Information, NIH, GenBank (accession numbers: KF473465 to KF475237). The Institute Nacional de Recursos Naturales-Intendencia Forestal y de Fauna Silvestre del Peru authorized collections (autorizacion no. 110-2008-INRENA-IFFS-DCB) and exportation of specimens (permiso no 011832-AG-INRENA). T. Litwak assisted with illustrations. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 20 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 10 U2 78 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD MAR 14 PY 2014 VL 343 IS 6176 BP 1240 EP 1244 DI 10.1126/science.1245007 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AC7RG UT WOS:000332728500034 PM 24626926 ER PT J AU Muller, D Cherukuri, P Henningfeld, K Poh, CH Wittler, L Grote, P Schluter, O Schmidt, J Laborda, J Bauer, SR Brownstone, RM Marquardt, T AF Mueller, Daniel Cherukuri, Pitchaiah Henningfeld, Kristine Poh, Chor Hoon Wittler, Lars Grote, Phillip Schlueter, Oliver Schmidt, Jennifer Laborda, Jorge Bauer, Steven R. Brownstone, Robert M. Marquardt, Till TI Dlk1 Promotes a Fast Motor Neuron Biophysical Signature Required for Peak Force Execution SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MEDIAL GASTROCNEMIUS; SOLEUS MUSCLE; SPINAL-CORD; UNITS; MOTONEURONS; CELLS; CAT; INNERVATION; DIVERSITY; CHANNEL AB Motor neurons, which relay neural commands to drive skeletal muscle movements, encompass types ranging from "slow" to "fast," whose biophysical properties govern the timing, gradation, and amplitude of muscle force. Here we identify the noncanonical Notch ligand Delta-like homolog 1 (Dlk1) as a determinant of motor neuron functional diversification. Dlk1, expressed by similar to 30% of motor neurons, is necessary and sufficient to promote a fast biophysical signature in the mouse and chick. Dlk1 suppresses Notch signaling and activates expression of the K+ channel subunit Kcng4 to modulate delayed-rectifier currents. Dlk1 inactivation comprehensively shifts motor neurons toward slow biophysical and transcriptome signatures, while abolishing peak force outputs. Our findings provide insights into the development of motor neuron functional diversity and its contribution to the execution of movements. C1 [Mueller, Daniel; Cherukuri, Pitchaiah; Poh, Chor Hoon; Marquardt, Till] European Neurosci Inst ENI G, Dev Neurobiol Lab, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. [Henningfeld, Kristine] Univ Med Ctr Gottingen, Inst Dev Biochem, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. [Henningfeld, Kristine; Marquardt, Till] Ctr Nanoscale Microscopy & Mol Physiol Brain, Gottingen, Germany. [Wittler, Lars; Grote, Phillip] Max Planck Inst Mol Genet, Dept Dev Genet, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. [Schlueter, Oliver] ENI G, Mol Neurobiol Lab, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. [Schmidt, Jennifer] Univ Illinois, Dept Biol Sci, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Laborda, Jorge] Univ Castilla La Mancha, Sch Med, Dept Inorgan & Organ Chem & Biochem, Albacete 02006, Spain. [Bauer, Steven R.] USDA, Cellular & Tissue Therapies Branch, Div Cellular & Gene Therapies, Ctr Biol & Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Brownstone, Robert M.] Dalhousie Univ, QEII Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Surg, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada. [Brownstone, Robert M.] Dalhousie Univ, QEII Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med Neurosci, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada. RP Marquardt, T (reprint author), European Neurosci Inst ENI G, Dev Neurobiol Lab, Grisebachstr 5, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. EM t.marquardt@eni-g.de RI Laborda, Jorge/L-5726-2014; OI Laborda, Jorge/0000-0002-9210-838X; Grote, Phillip/0000-0002-9254-1458; Brownstone, Robert/0000-0001-5135-2725 FU European Research Council under the European Union [311710 MU TUNING]; Emmy-Noether Program of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [MA4278/1-1]; Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration; Emmy-Noether Program [SCHL592-4]; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Canada Research Chairs Program; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Nova Scotia Research and Innovation Trust; Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia, Spain FX We thank A. Klusowski, B. Veith, T. V. Bui, and T. G. Hampton for technical support; S. Schiaffino and K. Kawakami for reagents; P. D'Adamo for phenotyping service; and O. Shomroni and S. Bonn for bioinformatics advice. This research received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013)/ERC Grant Agreement 311710 MU TUNING and the Emmy-Noether Program of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (MA4278/1-1). S.R.B. was supported by the Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, operating funds; O.S. by the Emmy-Noether Program (SCHL592-4); R.M.B. by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Canada Research Chairs Program, Canada Foundation for Innovation, and Nova Scotia Research and Innovation Trust; and J.L. by the Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia, Spain, from whom Dlk1ko mice are available through a materials transfer agreement. Dlk1fx mice are deposited at jaxmice.jax.org (no. 019074). Notch1:Gal4 is available Iron R. Kopan (Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center). ENI-G is a cooperation of University Medical Center Gottingen and the Max-Planck Society. NR 26 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD MAR 14 PY 2014 VL 343 IS 6176 BP 1264 EP 1266 DI 10.1126/science.1246448 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AC7RG UT WOS:000332728500040 PM 24626931 ER PT J AU Allen, DK Evans, BS Libourel, IGL AF Allen, Doug K. Evans, Bradley S. Libourel, Igor G. L. TI Analysis of Isotopic Labeling in Peptide Fragments by Tandem Mass Spectrometry SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID METABOLIC FLUX ANALYSIS; HIGHER-PLANT CELLS; CODED AFFINITY TAGS; AMINO-ACIDS; NONAQUEOUS FRACTIONATION; ARABIDOPSIS CELLS; HIGH-RESOLUTION; SOYBEAN SEEDS; ROOT-TIPS; C-13 AB Phenotype in multicellular organisms is the consequence of dynamic metabolic events that occur in a spatially dependent fashion. This spatial and temporal complexity presents challenges for investigating metabolism; creating a need for improved methods that effectively probe biochemical events such as amino acid biosynthesis. Isotopic labeling can provide a temporal-spatial recording of metabolic events through, for example, the description of enriched amino acids in the protein pool. Proteins are therefore an important readout of metabolism and can be assessed with modern mass spectrometers. We compared the measurement of isotopic labeling in MS2 spectra obtained from tandem mass spectrometry under either higher energy collision dissociation (HCD) or collision induced dissociation (CID) at varied energy levels. Developing soybean embryos cultured with or without C-13-labeled substrates, and Escherichia coli MG1655 enriched by feeding 7% uniformly labeled glucose served as a source of biological material for protein evaluation. CID with low energies resulted in a disproportionate amount of heavier isotopologues remaining in the precursor isotopic distribution. HCD resulted in fewer quantifiable products; however deviation from predicted distributions were small relative to the CID-based comparisons. Fragment ions have the potential to provide information on the labeling of amino acids in peptides, but our results indicate that without further development the use of this readout in quantitative methods such as metabolic flux analysis is limited. C1 [Allen, Doug K.] ARS, USDA, Plant Genet Res Unit, St Louis, MO USA. [Allen, Doug K.; Evans, Bradley S.] Donald Danforth Plant Sci Ctr, St Louis, MO USA. [Libourel, Igor G. L.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Biol, St Paul, MN USA. RP Allen, DK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Plant Genet Res Unit, St Louis, MO USA. EM doug.allen@ars.usda.gov RI Allen, Doug/M-2836-2013; Evans, Bradley/M-2842-2013; OI Allen, Doug/0000-0001-8599-8946; Evans, Bradley/0000-0002-1207-9006 FU NSF [DBI-0922879] FX The authors acknowledge USDA facilities and resources, and technical expertise of Jim Gierse and Christine Diepenbrock along with the Donald Danforth Plant Science Center Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Facility where the Orbitrap mass spectrometer was located (funded by NSF: DBI-0922879). Technical advice from Drs. Alisha Roberts and Jae Schwartz, Thermo-Fisher Scientific was also greatly appreciated. NR 74 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 23 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 13 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 3 AR e91537 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0091537 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AC9JS UT WOS:000332851300101 PM 24626471 ER PT J AU Keenan, TF Hollinger, DY Bohrer, G Dragoni, D Munger, JW Schmid, HP Richardson, AD AF Keenan, Trevor F. Hollinger, David Y. Bohrer, Gil Dragoni, Danilo Munger, J. William Schmid, Hans Peter Richardson, Andrew D. TI Air pollution and forest water use reply SO NATURE LA English DT Letter ID CARBON-DIOXIDE C1 [Keenan, Trevor F.] Macquarie Univ, Dept Biol Sci, N Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia. [Hollinger, David Y.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Bohrer, Gil] Ohio State Univ, Dept Civil Environm & Geodet Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Dragoni, Danilo] Indiana Univ, Dept Geog, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Munger, J. William] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Munger, J. William] Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Schmid, Hans Peter] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IMK IFU, Inst Meteorol & Climate Res, D-82467 Garmisch Partenkirchen, Germany. [Richardson, Andrew D.] Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Keenan, TF (reprint author), Macquarie Univ, Dept Biol Sci, N Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia. EM trevor.keenan@mq.edu.au RI Schmid, Hans Peter/I-1224-2012; Garmisch-Pa, Ifu/H-9902-2014; Richardson, Andrew/F-5691-2011; Hollinger, David/G-7185-2012; Keenan, Trevor/B-2744-2010; Munger, J/H-4502-2013 OI Schmid, Hans Peter/0000-0001-9076-4466; Richardson, Andrew/0000-0002-0148-6714; Keenan, Trevor/0000-0002-3347-0258; Munger, J/0000-0002-1042-8452 NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 35 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD MAR 13 PY 2014 VL 507 IS 7491 BP E2 EP E3 DI 10.1038/nature13114 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AC6RJ UT WOS:000332651800002 PM 24622207 ER PT J AU Chang, SC Slopek, RP Condon, B Grunlan, JC AF Chang, SeChin Slopek, Ryan P. Condon, Brian Grunlan, Jaime C. TI Surface Coating for Flame-Retardant Behavior of Cotton Fabric Using a Continuous Layer-by-Layer Process SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MICROSCALE COMBUSTION CALORIMETRY; ULTRATHIN MULTILAYER FILMS; SELF-ASSEMBLY PROCESS; THIN-FILM; POLYELECTROLYTE MULTILAYERS; DEPOSITION METHOD; CHARGED SURFACES; TEXTILES; ADSORPTION; RELEASE AB Cotton's exceptional softness, breathability, and absorbency have made it America's best-selling textile fiber; however, cotton textiles are generally more combustible than their synthetic counterparts. In this study, a continuous layer-by-layer self-assembly technique was used to deposit polymer clay nanocoatings on cotton fabrics to enhance their flame retardancy. Alternating layers of positively charged branched polyethylenimine (BPEI) with urea and diammonium phosphate and negatively charged clay nanoparticles were continuously applied to the fabrics in a single process without rinsing. The morphology and flame-retardant properties of the coated fabrics were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a variety of flammability tests. The treated fabrics exhibited improved thermal stability, as evidenced by increased ignition times and lower heat release rates. The results of this study show that flame-retardant nanocoatings can be readily applied to textile fabrics using a continuous process that is ideal for commercial and industrial applications. C1 [Chang, SeChin; Slopek, Ryan P.; Condon, Brian] ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Grunlan, Jaime C.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Mat Sci & Engn Program, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Condon, B (reprint author), ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM Brian.condon@ars.usda.gov RI Grunlan, Jaime/K-3242-2016 OI Grunlan, Jaime/0000-0001-5241-9741 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture FX We gratefully acknowledge support from the U.S. Department of Agriculture. We thank Jade Smith, Pablo Salame, and Lucien Duplessis for their assistance. NR 56 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 10 U2 108 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD MAR 12 PY 2014 VL 53 IS 10 BP 3805 EP 3812 DI 10.1021/ie403992x PG 8 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA AD0KN UT WOS:000332923000006 ER PT J AU Fulcher, JM Wayment, DG White, PM Webber, CL AF Fulcher, James M. Wayment, Darcey G. White, Paul M., Jr. Webber, Charles L., III TI Pyraclostrobin Wash-off from Sugarcane Leaves and Aerobic Dissipation in Agricultural Soil SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE pyraclostrobin; sugarcane; soil; brown rust; Puccinia melanocephala ID AZOXYSTROBIN; DEGRADATION; QUECHERS; RESIDUE; PEANUT; YIELD AB To mitigate damage from the fungal sugarcane pathogen brown rust (Puccinia melanocephala), a Section 18 Emergency Use Label was put in place by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) for the application of pyraclostrobin (trade name Headline SC, produced by BASF, Research Triangle Park, NC) on sugarcane in 2008. To assess the dynamics of this fungicide in Louisiana soil, samples (n = 24) from a non-treated field were spiked with pyraclostrobin (3.1 mu g g(-1)) and analyzed in laboratory conditions over the course of 63 days using quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) dispersive solid-phase extraction/high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet visible detection (dSPE/HPLC-UV). Modeling was performed using Microsoft Excel to predict DTx values. Pyraclostrobin was found to follow lbiphasic kinetics with DT50 and DT90 values of 60 and 282 days, suggesting that it is moderately persistent to persistent in soils. Wash-off studies on sugarcane indicate that very little fungicide is in the wash-off after 48 h. If applied to sugarcane according to label recommendations, the fungicide should have minimal dissipation from rainfall events. C1 [Fulcher, James M.; Wayment, Darcey G.] Nicholls State Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Thibodaux, LA 70310 USA. [White, Paul M., Jr.; Webber, Charles L., III] ARS, Sugarcane Res Unit, USDA, Houma, LA 70360 USA. RP Wayment, DG (reprint author), Nicholls State Univ, Dept Phys Sci, POB 2022, Thibodaux, LA 70310 USA. EM darcey.wayment@nicholls.edu FU Nicholls State University; USDA-ARS Sugarcane Research Unit in Houma, LA FX Funding was provided by Nicholls State University and the USDA-ARS Sugarcane Research Unit in Houma, LA. Mention of trade names or commercial products is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 18 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAR 12 PY 2014 VL 62 IS 10 BP 2141 EP 2146 DI 10.1021/jf405506p PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AD0KK UT WOS:000332922700001 PM 24533668 ER PT J AU Biresaw, G Laszlo, JA Evans, KO Compton, DL Bantchev, GB AF Biresaw, Girma Laszlo, Joseph A. Evans, Kervin O. Compton, David L. Bantchev, Grigor B. TI Synthesis and Tribological Investigation of Lipoyl Glycerides SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE 4-ball antiwear; 4-ball extreme pressure; biolubricant; cold-flow properties; enzymatic transesterification; high-oleic sunflower oil; lipoic acid; oxidation stability; soybean oil; viscosity; viscosity index ID DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY; VEGETABLE-OILS; CHEMICAL-STRUCTURE; ORGANIC SULFIDES; ACID; LUBRICANTS; BUTANETHIOL; STABILITY AB Lipoyl glycerides were synthesized by enzymatic transesterification of lipoic acid with high-oleic sunflower oil in 2-methyl-2-butanol solvent. The synthesis gave a crude product mixture comprising unreacted lipoic acid, free fatty acids, and several lipoyl glyceride structures of varying lipoic acid substitution. A more purified product mixture, devoid of unreacted lipoic acid and free fatty acids, was obtained in 61% yield. The crude and purified product mixtures were thoroughly characterized and their components positively identified. The tribological properties of the product mixtures were further investigated using a variety of methods. The product mixtures displayed significantly Unproved oxidation stability, cold-flow, and extreme pressure properties over those of the parent high-oleic sunflower oil. The extreme pressure results for the neat products showed a higher weld point for the crude than for the purified mixture. This was attributed to differences in the chemical properties of the components in the two product mixtures. C1 [Biresaw, Girma; Bantchev, Grigor B.] ARS, Biooils Res Unit, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Laszlo, Joseph A.; Evans, Kervin O.; Compton, David L.] ARS, Renewable Prod Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Biresaw, G (reprint author), ARS, Biooils Res Unit, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM girma.biresaw@ars.usda.gov OI Bantchev, Grigor/0000-0003-2790-5195 NR 35 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAR 12 PY 2014 VL 62 IS 10 BP 2233 EP 2243 DI 10.1021/jf404289r PG 11 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AD0KK UT WOS:000332922700012 PM 24576015 ER PT J AU Beard, JJ Seeman, OD Bauchan, GR AF Beard, Jennifer J. Seeman, Owen D. Bauchan, Gary R. TI Tenuipalpidae (Acari: Trombidiformes) from Casuarinaceae ( Fagales) SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE taxonomy; systematics; revision; new species; key; she-oak ID AUSTRALIAN SEDGES CYPERACEAE; LICE HEMIPTERA TRIOZIDAE; FALSE SPIDER-MITES; GENUS; TETRANYCHIDAE; ZEALAND; IRAN AB The Tenuipalpidae associated with the Casuarinaceae are reviewed, including one new genus, Palpipalpus gen. nov., twelve new species, and seven redescriptions. Two new generic records for Australia are established, Pentamerismus and Philippipalpus. The new species are: Chaudhripalpus costacola Beard and Seeman sp. nov., Crossipalpus gersoni Beard and Seeman sp. nov., Crossipalpus raveni Beard and Seeman sp. nov., Magdalenapalpus caperatus Beard and Seeman sp. nov., Magdalenapalpus forsteri Seeman and Beard sp. nov., Pentamerismus sititoris Beard and Seeman sp. nov., Pentamerismus hicklingorum Seeman and Beard sp. nov., Pentamerismus wardo Seeman and Beard sp. nov., Palpipalpus hesperius Beard and Seeman sp. nov. gen. nov., Philippipalpus flumaquercus Beard and Seeman sp. nov., Philippipalpus belah Beard and Seeman sp. nov., and Philippipalpus nigraquercus Seeman and Beard sp. nov. Meyeraepalpus delfinadae Smiley et al., is reinstated based on new material and an analysis of its phylogenetic relationships. Crossipalpus muellerianae Smiley et al., Crossipalpus verticillatae Smiley et al., and Tegopalpus conicus Womersley are redescribed and rediagnosed from the original type specimens and newly collected material; and Chaudhripalpus creelae (Smiley et al.), Magdalenapalpus strandtmanni (Smiley et al.) and Philippipalpus agohoi Corpuz-Raros are redescribed and rediagnosed from type material only. All flat mite species were host-specific. Up to three species of flat mite were collected from a single she-oak species. Leg setation and ontogeny are reviewed for the taxa studied. A key to Tenuipalpidae from Casuarinaceae is provided. A phylogeny of the subfamily Tegopalpinae found the following relationships: Meyeraepalpus (Australopalpus, Crossipalpus, Palpipalpus (Magdalenapalpus (Philippipalpus (Chaudhripalpus + Tegopalpus)))). Our preliminary analysis of the Tegopalpinae suggested the group is monophyletic and its sister group is Phytoptipalpus. C1 [Beard, Jennifer J.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Beard, Jennifer J.; Seeman, Owen D.] Queensland Museum, South Brisbane, Qld 4101, Australia. [Bauchan, Gary R.] ARS, Electron & Confocal Microscopy Unit, USDA, BARC, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Beard, JJ (reprint author), Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM thrippy@hotmail.com FU Australian Biological Resources Study (ARBS); Australian Government; USDA-APHIS-PPQ Centre for Plant Health Science and Technology; University of Maryland FX The senior author was funded by the Australian Biological Resources Study (ARBS), Australian Government, and by an agreement between USDA-APHIS-PPQ Centre for Plant Health Science and Technology and the University of Maryland. The senior author extends warm thanks to Paul Forster, Megan Thomas and David Halford at the Queensland Herbarium (BRI) for their help with host plant identifications (BRI voucher numbers referenced in relevant Remarks sections). We offer warms thanks to the following for their assistance with this research: Chris Pooley for help with LT-SEM images and figures (Electron and Confocal Microscopy Unit, USDA-ARS, BARC, Beltsville, Maryland, USA); Edward Haworth for some illustrations of Magdalenapalpus and Palpipalpus; Debbie Creel and Ronald Ochoa (USNM, USDA-ARS, BARC) for their advice and help with reference material and type specimens; Greg A. Evans (USDA-APHIS-PSI) for advice with this group of mites; Christine Lambkin (QM) for help with the cladistic analysis; David Walter and Ronald Ochoa for valuable comments and improvements on the initial manuscript. Specimen collection in Western Australian and Northern Territory was done under permit (WA SF006334, SF006850; NT 29616). Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA; USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 44 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD MAR 12 PY 2014 VL 3778 IS 1 BP 1 EP 157 PG 157 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AC4SV UT WOS:000332512000001 PM 24871621 ER PT J AU Gatiji, S Jenkins, JN Wubben, MJ AF Gatiji, Satish Jenkins, Johnie N. Wubben, Martin J. TI Molecular characterization of the reniform nematode C-type lectin gene family reveals a likely role in mitigating environmental stresses during plant parasitism SO GENE LA English DT Article DE Reniform nematode; Rotylenchulus; C-type lectin; Ice nucleation; Parasitism ID ICE NUCLEATION PROTEINS; ROTYLENCHULUS-RENIFORMIS; HETERODERA-GLYCINES; IMMUNE-SYSTEM; RNA; IDENTIFICATION; SUPERFAMILY; EXPRESSION; BACTERIA; SEQUENCE AB The reniform nematode, Rotylenchulus reniformis, is a damaging semi-endoparasitic pathogen of more than 300 plant species. Transcriptome sequencing of R. reniformis parasitic females revealed an enrichment for sequences homologous to C-type lectins (CTLs), an evolutionarily ancient family of Ca+2-dependent carbohydrate-binding proteins that are involved in the innate immune response. To gain further insight as to the potential role of CTLs in facilitating plant parasitism by R. reniformis, we performed a comprehensive assessment of the CTL gene family. 5'- and 3'-RACE experiments identified a total of 11 R. reniformis CTL transcripts (Rr-ctl-1 through Rr-ctl-11) that ranged in length from 1083 to 1194 bp and showed 93-99% identity with one another. An alignment of cDNA and genomic sequences revealed three introns with the first intron residing within the 5'-untranslated region. BLAST analyses showed the closest homologs belonging to the parasitic nematodes Heligmosomoides polygyrus and Heterodera glycines. Rr-ctl-1, -2, and -3 were expressed throughout the R. reniformis life cycle; whereas, the remaining Rr-ctl genes showed life stage-specific expression. Quantitative real time RT-PCR determined that Rr-ctl transcripts were 839-fold higher in sedentary female nematodes than the next most abundant life stage. Predicted Rr-CTL peptides ranged from 301 to 338 amino acids long, possessed an N-terminal signal peptide for secretion, and contained a conserved CLECT domain, including the mannose-binding motifs EPN and EPD and the conserved WND motif that is required for binding Ca+2. In addition, Rr-CTL peptides harbored repeats of a novel 17-mer motif within their C-terminus that showed similarity to motifs associated with bacterial ice nucleation proteins. In situ hybridization of Rr-ctl transcripts within sedentary females showed specific accumulation within the hypodermis of the body regions exposed to the soil environment; those structures embedded within the root during parasitism did not show Rr-ctl expression. A phylogenetic analysis of the Rr-CTL CLECT domain with homologous domains from other nematode species suggested that CTLs from animal- and plant-parasitic genera may have evolved in order to play an active role in the parasitic process. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Gatiji, Satish; Jenkins, Johnie N.; Wubben, Martin J.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Jenkins, Johnie N.; Wubben, Martin J.] USDA ARS, Crop Sci Res Lab, Genet & Precis Agr Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Wubben, MJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, 810 Highway 12 East, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM sg391@msstate.edu; johnie.jenkins@ars.usda.gov; martin.wubben@ars.usda.gov NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1119 EI 1879-0038 J9 GENE JI Gene PD MAR 10 PY 2014 VL 537 IS 2 BP 269 EP 278 DI 10.1016/j.gene.2013.12.048 PG 10 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA AB0VG UT WOS:000331509600013 ER PT J AU Reinhardt, TA Lippolis, JD Sacco, RE AF Reinhardt, Timothy A. Lippolis, John D. Sacco, Randy E. TI The Ca2+/H+ antiporter TMEM165 expression, localization in the developing, lactating and involuting mammary gland parallels the secretory pathway Ca2+ ATPase (SPCA1) SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Ca2+-ATPase; TMEM165; Mammary calcium transport; Mammary gland involution; PMCA; SPCA1; SPCA2 ID PLASMA-MEMBRANE; CALCIUM-TRANSPORT; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; GENE-EXPRESSION; MILK; CA2+-ATPASE; DISEASE; ACTIVATION; HEALTH; YEAST AB Plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase 2 (PMCA2) knockout mice showed that similar to 60% of calcium in milk is transported across the mammary cells apical membrane by PMCA2. The remaining milk calcium is thought to arrive via the secretory pathway through the actions of secretory pathway Ca2+-ATPase's 1 and/or 2 (SPCA1 and 2). However, another secretory pathway calcium transporter was recently described. The question becomes whether this Golgi Ca2+/H+ antiporter (TMEM165) is expressed sufficiently in the Golgi of lactating mammary tissue to be a relevant contributor to secretory pathway mammary calcium transport. TMEM165 shows marked expression on day one of lactation when compared to timepoints prepartum. At peak lactation TMEM165 expression was 25 times greater than that of early pregnancy. Forced cessation of lactation resulted in a rapid similar to 50% decline in TMEM165 expression at 24 h of involution and TMEM165 expression declined 95% at 96 h involution. It is clear that the timing, magnitude of TMEM165 expression and its Golgi location supports a role for this Golgi Ca2(+)/H+ antiporter as a contributor to mammary Golgi calcium transport needs, in addition to the better-characterized roles of SPCA1&2. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Reinhardt, Timothy A.; Lippolis, John D.; Sacco, Randy E.] ARS, Ruminant Dis & Immunol Res Unit, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Reinhardt, TA (reprint author), ARS, Ruminant Dis & Immunol Res Unit, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM tim.reinhardt@ars.usda.gov RI Reinhardt, Timothy/A-7536-2009 OI Reinhardt, Timothy/0000-0001-5552-2509 NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X EI 1090-2104 J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD MAR 7 PY 2014 VL 445 IS 2 BP 417 EP 421 DI 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.02.020 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA AD4NV UT WOS:000333228700026 PM 24530912 ER PT J AU Konecna, E Safarova, D Navratil, M Hanacek, P Coyne, C Flavell, A Vishnyakova, M Ambrose, M Redden, R Smykal, P AF Konecna, Eva Safarova, Dana Navratil, Milan Hanacek, Pavel Coyne, Clarice Flavell, Andrew Vishnyakova, Margarita Ambrose, Mike Redden, Robert Smykal, Petr TI Geographical Gradient of the eIF4E Alleles Conferring Resistance to Potyviruses in Pea (Pisum) Germplasm SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID BORNE-MOSAIC-VIRUS; TRANSLATION INITIATION-FACTORS; VENOUS MOTTLE VIRUS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; NATURAL VARIATION; MARKER ANALYSIS; SATIVUM; L.; SUSCEPTIBILITY AB Background: The eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E was shown to be involved in resistance against several potyviruses in plants, including pea. We combined our knowledge of pea germplasm diversity with that of the eIF4E gene to identify novel genetic diversity. Methodology/Principal findings: Germplasm of 2803 pea accessions was screened for eIF4E intron 3 length polymorphism, resulting in the detection of four eIF4E(A-B-C-S) variants, whose distribution was geographically structured. The eIF4E(A) variant conferring resistance to the P1 PSbMV pathotype was found in 53 accessions (1.9%), of which 15 were landraces from India, Afghanistan, Nepal, and 7 were from Ethiopia. A newly discovered variant, eIF4E(B), was present in 328 accessions (11.7%) from Ethiopia (29%), Afghanistan (23%), India (20%), Israel (25%) and China (39%). The eIF4E(C) variant was detected in 91 accessions (3.2% of total) from India (20%), Afghanistan (33%), the Iberian Peninsula (22%) and the Balkans (9.3%). The eIF4E(S) variant for susceptibility predominated as the wild type. Sequencing of 73 samples, identified 34 alleles at the whole gene, 26 at cDNA and 19 protein variants, respectively. Fifteen alleles were virologically tested and 9 alleles (eIF4E(A-1-2-3-4-5-6-7), eIF4E(B-1), eIF4E(C-2)) conferred resistance to the P1 PSbMV pathotype. Conclusions/Significance: This work identified novel eIF4E alleles within geographically structured pea germplasm and indicated their independent evolution from the susceptible eIF4E(S1) allele. Despite high variation present in wild Pisum accessions, none of them possessed resistance alleles, supporting a hypothesis of distinct mode of evolution of resistance in wild as opposed to crop species. The Highlands of Central Asia, the northern regions of the Indian subcontinent, Eastern Africa and China were identified as important centers of pea diversity that correspond with the diversity of the pathogen. The series of alleles identified in this study provides the basis to study the co-evolution of potyviruses and the pea host. C1 [Konecna, Eva; Hanacek, Pavel] Mendel Univ Brno, Dept Plant Biol, Brno, Czech Republic. [Safarova, Dana; Navratil, Milan] Palacky Univ, Dept Cell Biol & Genet, CR-77147 Olomouc, Czech Republic. [Konecna, Eva; Hanacek, Pavel] Mendel Univ Brno, CEITEC MENDELU, Brno, Czech Republic. [Coyne, Clarice] USDA, Western Reg Plant Intro Stn, Pullman, WA USA. [Flavell, Andrew] Univ Dundee, James Hutton Inst, Div Plant Sci, Invergowrie, Scotland. [Vishnyakova, Margarita] Vavilov Inst Plant Ind, St Petersburg, Russia. [Ambrose, Mike] John Innes Ctr, Norwich, Norfolk, England. [Redden, Robert] Australian Grains Genebank, Horsham, Vic, Australia. [Smykal, Petr] Palacky Univ, Dept Bot, CR-77147 Olomouc, Czech Republic. RP Smykal, P (reprint author), Palacky Univ, Dept Bot, CR-77147 Olomouc, Czech Republic. EM petr.smykal@upol.cz RI Hanacek, Pavel/E-6683-2012; OI Smykal, Petr/0000-0002-6117-8510 FU Ministry of Agriculture [IQ91A229]; USDA (United States Department of Agriculture) [5348-2100=017-00D] FX This work was supported by the Ministry of Agriculture IQ91A229 project. CC was supported by USDA (United States Department of Agriculture) project #5348-2100=017-00D. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 64 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 21 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 7 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 3 AR e90394 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0090394 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AC4IY UT WOS:000332485800023 PM 24609094 ER PT J AU Kim, JH Mahoney, N Chan, KL Campbell, BC Haff, RP Stanker, LH AF Kim, Jong H. Mahoney, Noreen Chan, Kathleen L. Campbell, Bruce C. Haff, Ronald P. Stanker, Larry H. TI Use of benzo analogs to enhance antimycotic activity of kresoxim methyl for control of aflatoxigenic fungal pathogens SO FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE aflatoxin; antioxidant system; Aspergillus; cell wall integrity; chemosensitization; octylgallate; strobilurin; veratraldehyde ID ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; CANDIDA-ALBICANS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; ASPERGILLUS-FUMIGATUS; STROBILURIN FUNGICIDES; ALTERNATIVE OXIDASE; GROWTH-INHIBITION; HISTIDINE KINASE; PATHWAYS AB The aim of this study was to examine two benzo analogs, octylgallate (OG) and veratraldehyde (VT), as antifungal agents against strains of Aspergillus parasiticus and A.flavus (toxigenic or atoxigenic). Both toxigenic and atoxigenic strains used were capable of producing kojic acid, another cellular secondary product. A. fumigatus was used as a genetic model for this study. When applied independently, OG exhibits considerably higher antifungal activity compared to VT. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of OG were 0.3-0.5 mM, while that of VT were 3.0-5.0 mM in agar plate-bioassays. OG or VT in concert with the fungicide kresoxim methyl (Kre-Me; strobilurin) greatly enhanced sensitivity of Aspergillus strains to Kre-Me. The combination with OG also overcame the tolerance of A. fumigatus mitogen-activated protein kinase (MARK) mutants to Kre-Me. The degree of compound interaction resulting from chemosensitization of the fungi by OG was determined using checkerboard bioassays, where synergistic activity greatly lowered MICs or minimum fungicidal concentrations. However, the control chemosensitizer benzohydroxamic acid, an alternative oxidase inhibitor conventionally applied in concert with strobilurin, did not achieve synergism. The level of antifungal or chemosensitizing activity was also "compound strain" specific, indicating differential susceptibility of tested strains to OG or VT, and/or heat stress. Besides targeting the antioxidant system, OG also negatively affected the cell wall-integrity pathway, as determined by the inhibition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall-integrity MARK pathway mutants. We concluded that certain benzo analogs effectively inhibit fungal growth. They possess chemosensitizing capability to increase efficacy of Kre-Me and thus, could reduce effective dosages of strobilurins and alleviate negative side effects associated with current antifungal practices. OG also exhibits moderate antiaflatoxigenic activity. C1 [Kim, Jong H.; Mahoney, Noreen; Chan, Kathleen L.; Campbell, Bruce C.; Haff, Ronald P.; Stanker, Larry H.] USDA ARS, Foodborne Toxin Detect & Prevent Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Kim, JH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Foodborne Toxin Detect & Prevent Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM jongheon.kim@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS CRIS [5325-42000-037-00D] FX This research was conducted under USDA-ARS CRIS Project 5325-42000-037-00D. We thank Dr. Gregory S. May at the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX for kindly providing us A. fumigatus sakA Delta, and mpkC Delta strains. NR 53 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 12 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-302X J9 FRONT MICROBIOL JI Front. Microbiol. PD MAR 7 PY 2014 VL 5 AR 87 DI 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00087 PG 12 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AC4TE UT WOS:000332512900002 PM 24639673 ER PT J AU Pauli, JN Mendoza, JE Steffan, SA Carey, CC Weimer, PJ Peery, MZ AF Pauli, Jonathan N. Mendoza, Jorge E. Steffan, Shawn A. Carey, Cayelan C. Weimer, Paul J. Peery, M. Zachariah TI A syndrome of mutualism reinforces the lifestyle of a sloth SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE commensalism; Costa Rica; Cryptoses; Trichophilus ID BRADYPUS; BRADYPODIDAE; XENARTHRA; PATTERNS; BIOMASS; SYSTEM AB Arboreal herbivory is rare among mammals. The few species with this lifestyle possess unique adaptions to overcome size-related constraints on nutritional energetics. Sloths are folivores that spend most of their time resting or eating in the forest canopy. A three-toed sloth will, however, descend its tree weekly to defecate, which is risky, energetically costly and, until now, inexplicable. We hypothesized that this behaviour sustains an ecosystem in the fur of sloths, which confers cryptic nutritional benefits to sloths. We found that the more specialized three-toed sloths harboured more phoretic moths, greater concentrations of inorganic nitrogen and higher algal biomass than the generalist two-toed sloths. Moth density was positively related to inorganic nitrogen concentration and algal biomass in the fur. We discovered that sloths consumed algae from their fur, which was highly digestible and lipid-rich. By descending a tree to defecate, sloths transport moths to their oviposition sites in sloth dung, which facilitates moth colonization of sloth fur. Moths are portals for nutrients, increasing nitrogen levels in sloth fur, which fuels algal growth. Sloths consume these algae-gardens, presumably to augment their limited diet. These linked mutualisms between moths, sloths C1 [Pauli, Jonathan N.; Mendoza, Jorge E.; Peery, M. Zachariah] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Steffan, Shawn A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, USDA ARS, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Carey, Cayelan C.] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Limnol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Weimer, Paul J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, USDA ARS, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Carey, Cayelan C.] Virginia Tech, Dept Biol Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Pauli, JN (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM jnpauli@wisc.edu RI Carey, Cayelan/D-4874-2016 OI Carey, Cayelan/0000-0001-8835-4476 FU National Science Foundation [DEB-1257535]; Milwaukee Public Museum; University of Wisconsin-Madison; American Society of Mammalogists FX Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation (DEB-1257535), the Milwaukee Public Museum, the University of Wisconsin-Madison and the American Society of Mammalogists. NR 33 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 33 U2 150 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8452 EI 1471-2954 J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD MAR 7 PY 2014 VL 281 IS 1778 AR 20133006 DI 10.1098/rspb.2013.3006 PG 7 WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA AC2YN UT WOS:000332382300019 PM 24452028 ER PT J AU Ali, A Bang, SW Yang, EM Chung, SM Staub, JE AF Ali, Asjad Bang, Sun Woong Yang, Eun Mi Chung, Sang-Min Staub, Jack E. TI Putative paternal factors controlling chilling tolerance in Korean market-type cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) SO SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Article DE Abiotic stress; Chilling injury; Cytoplasmic effect; Low temperature; Maternal inheritance; Paternal inheritance ID MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; INHERITANCE; CHLOROPLAST; RESISTANCE; HYBRIDS; GENOMES AB Chilling temperatures (<10 C) may cause damages in cucumber plants (Cucumis sativus L) during winter and early spring seasons. Inheritance of chilling injury in U.S. processing cucumber is controlled by cytoplasmic (maternally) and nuclear factors. To understand inheritance of chilling injury in Korean market-type cucumber, reciprocal crosses between chilling tolerant (CT1) and susceptible (CT4) lines produced F1 (CT1 x CT4) and F-1 (CT4 x CT1) progenies. Reciprocal F2 (CT1 x CT4) and F-2 (CT4 x CT1) populations were subsequently derived. Seedlings in the first true leaf stage were subjected to 4 C for 8 h (08:00 to 16:00) and damage level was assessed visually using 1 (no damage) to 5 (severe damage) rating scale. Means of damage rating for reciprocal F1 (CT1 x CT4) and F-1 (CT4 x CT1) progenies were 1.1 and 1.1, respectively. This indicates that tolerance for chilling stress at 4 C in this germplasm is dominant. However, means of damage for F-2 (CTI x CT4) progenies and F-2 (CT4 x CT1) progenies were 3.2 and 1.2, respectively. These data indicate that genetic control of chilling injury in these progenies is paternal. Based on the data, we hypothesize that line CT1 possesses a dominant nuclear factor that conditions chilling tolerance in both reciprocal Els and a paternal factor(s) that lead chilling tolerance only in F-2 (CT4 x CTI). These putative nuclear and paternal genetic factors are designated as Ch-1 and Ch-p, respectively. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Ali, Asjad; Bang, Sun Woong; Yang, Eun Mi; Chung, Sang-Min] Dongguk Univ Seoul, Dept Life Sci, Seoul 100715, South Korea. [Staub, Jack E.] ARS, USDA, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Chung, SM (reprint author), Dongguk Univ Seoul, Dept Life Sci, Seoul 100715, South Korea. EM smchung@dongguk.edu FU Technology Development Program for Agriculture and Forestry, Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries, Republic of Korea [109064-05-5-HD110] FX This work was supported by a grant from the Technology Development Program for Agriculture and Forestry, Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries (Grant 109064-05-5-HD110), Republic of Korea. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4238 EI 1879-1018 J9 SCI HORTIC-AMSTERDAM JI Sci. Hortic. PD MAR 6 PY 2014 VL 167 BP 145 EP 148 DI 10.1016/j.scienta.2014.01.004 PG 4 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA AC2SM UT WOS:000332354300019 ER PT J AU Kamo, K AF Kamo, Kathryn TI Long term, transgene expression in Lilium longiflorum 'Nellie White' grown outdoors and in the greenhouse SO SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Article DE Easter lily; Transformation; Genetic engineering; Flower bulb crops; Reporter gene; Selectable marker genes ID RESISTANCE; CULTURES; GENE AB Lilium longiflorum cv. Nellie White plants were transformed with either the bar-uidA fusion gene or the nptII and uidA genes and grown for two seasons in the greenhouse and outdoors in containers. All transgenes were under control of the CaMV 35S promoter. During the first year there was no difference in bar protein level between plants grown in the greenhouse and outdoors, but the second year two of the seven transgenic plant lines grown outdoors showed a significantly higher level of the bar protein than plants grown in the greenhouse. The relative level of bar protein expression between all seven transgenic plant lines remained the same for lilies grown in the greenhouse and outdoors during two growing seasons. One plant line contained the nptII gene, and nptII protein expression was comparable when plants were grown in the greenhouse or outdoors for two seasons. Four plant lines expressed GUS as determined by histochemical staining of their leaves. Three of these four plant lines showed dark blue staining along the cut edges of the leaf when plants were grown either in the greenhouse or outdoors for both seasons. The fourth plant line showed either dark blue staining along the cut edge of the leaf or small, light blue spots on parts of the leaf depending on the plant stained. Expression of the three genes was confirmed using semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Kamo, Kathryn] USDA, US Natl Arboretum, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Kamo, K (reprint author), USDA ARS, BARC West, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 010A Room 126, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Kathryn.Kamo@ars.usda.gov OI Kamo, Kathryn/0000-0001-6862-2410 FU Gloeckner Foundation FX Thanks. to Anne O'Connor for excellent technical assistance throughout this study. Funds to support this project were received from the Gloeckner Foundation. pDM327 was received from David McElroy (Verdia, Redwood City, CA). Mention of a trademark, proprietary product or vendor does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products or vendors that may also be suitable. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4238 EI 1879-1018 J9 SCI HORTIC-AMSTERDAM JI Sci. Hortic. PD MAR 6 PY 2014 VL 167 BP 158 EP 163 DI 10.1016/j.scienta.2013.12.011 PG 6 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA AC2SM UT WOS:000332354300022 ER PT J AU Halasa, YA Shepard, DS Fonseca, DM Farajollahi, A Healy, S Gaugler, R Bartlett-Healy, K Strickman, DA Clark, GG AF Halasa, Yara A. Shepard, Donald S. Fonseca, Dina M. Farajollahi, Ary Healy, Sean Gaugler, Randy Bartlett-Healy, Kristen Strickman, Daniel A. Clark, Gary G. TI Quantifying the Impact of Mosquitoes on Quality of Life and Enjoyment of Yard and Porch Activities in New Jersey SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; VISUAL ANALOG SCALE; WILLINGNESS-TO-PAY; AEDES-ALBOPICTUS; DIPTERA-CULICIDAE; CHIKUNGUNYA VIRUS; UNITED-STATES; DENGUE-FEVER; POPULATIONS; MANAGEMENT AB The recent expansion of Aedes albopictus, a day-biting mosquito, to densely inhabited areas in the northeastern Atlantic states of the USA has dramatically increased the problem that mosquitoes create for urban and suburban residents. We quantified the impact of mosquitoes on residents' quality of life within the context of a comprehensive area-wide integrated pest management program to control Ae. albopictus in two counties (Mercer and Monmouth) in New Jersey. We interviewed residents of 121 randomly selected households in both counties between October and November 2010. We asked residents about their experience with mosquitoes in their neighborhood and the importance of the ability to relax outdoors without mosquitoes compared to other neighborhood characteristics (1 = not important, 5 = extremely important). We rated residents' utility based on paired comparisons to known states from the EuroQol health description system. The majority (54.6%) of respondents considered mosquitoes to be a problem. Respondents reported an average of 7.1 mosquito bites in a typical week during that summer. Mosquitoes prevented 59.5% of residents from enjoying their outdoor activities at least to some extent. Residents rated the mosquito acceptability (mean +/- standard deviation) during that summer on a scale of 0 (mosquito invasion) to 100 (no mosquitoes) at 56.7 +/- 28.7, and their overall utility at 0.87 +/- 0.03. This is comparable to living with up to two risk factors for diabetes (i.e., abdominal obesity, body mass index of 28 or more, reported cholesterol problems, diagnosis of hypertension, or history of cardiovascular disease) or women experiencing menstrual disorders. Respondents rated the importance of enjoying outdoor activities without mosquitoes (4.69 +/- 0.80) comparable to that of neighborhood safety (4.74 +/- 0.80) and higher than that of a clean neighborhood (4.59 +/- 0.94). In conclusion, New Jersey residents reported that mosquitoes decreased their utility by 0.13, comparable to the loss from worrisome health risk factors, underscoring the importance of controlling this problem. C1 [Halasa, Yara A.; Shepard, Donald S.] Brandeis Univ, Heller Sch Social Policy & Management, Waltham, MA 02453 USA. [Fonseca, Dina M.; Gaugler, Randy; Bartlett-Healy, Kristen] Rutgers State Univ, Ctr Vector Biol, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. [Farajollahi, Ary] Mercer Cty Mosquito Control Transportat & Infrast, West Trenton, NJ USA. [Healy, Sean] Monmouth Cty Mosquito Exterminat Commiss, Eatontown, NJ USA. [Strickman, Daniel A.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Clark, Gary G.] ARS, USDA, Gainesville, FL USA. [Healy, Sean; Bartlett-Healy, Kristen] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Shepard, DS (reprint author), Brandeis Univ, Heller Sch Social Policy & Management, Waltham, MA 02453 USA. EM shepard@brandeis.edu OI Fonseca, Dina/0000-0003-4726-7100 FU [USDA-ARS-58-6615-8-106] FX This work was funded by Cooperative Agreement USDA-ARS-58-6615-8-106 to Brandeis University (PI: GGC; PI at Brandeis: DSS). Apart from the authors, the funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 41 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 20 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 6 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 3 AR e89221 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0089221 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AC4ID UT WOS:000332483600009 PM 24603670 ER PT J AU Schmidt, WF Hapeman, CJ McConnell, LL Mookherji, S Rice, CP Nguyen, JK Qjn, JW Lee, HY Chao, KL Kim, MS AF Schmidt, Walter F. Hapeman, Cathleen J. McConnell, Laura L. Mookherji, Swati Rice, Clifford P. Nguyen, Julie K. Qjn, Jianwei Lee, Hoyoung Chao, Kuanglin Kim, Moon S. TI Temperature-Dependent Raman Spectroscopic Evidence of and Molecular Mechanism for Irreversible Isomerization of beta-Endosulfan to alpha-Endosulfan SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE endosulfan (6,7,8,9,10,10-hexachloro-1,5,5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro-6,9-methano-2,4,3-benz odioxathiepine-3-oxide); 1,3-dioxepane; temperature-dependent Raman (TDR) spectroscopy; 2D-TDR spectra; Raman ring-bending frequency; temperature-dependent conformational changes ID AQUEOUS ENDOSULFAN; CONFORMATIONS; VERBINDUNGEN; CYCLOHEPTANE; ENVIRONMENT; CONVERSION; PESTICIDE AB Endosulfan (6,7,8, 9,10,10-hexachloro-1,5,5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro-6,9-methano-2,4,3-benzodioxathiepine-3-oxide) is a broad-spectrum, organochlorine insecticide used on numerous crops since the 1950s. It is has been identified as a persistent organic pollutant (POP) due to its persistence, bioaccumulation, long-range transport, and adverse effects to human health and aquatic ecosystems; it will be phased out in the United States in 2016. Endosulfan consists of two diastereomers, alpha and beta; alpha-endosulfan exists as two asymmetrical, twist-chair enantiomers which interchange, while beta-endosulfan has a symmetrical-chair conformation. beta-Endosulfan has been shown to isomerize to a-endosulfan. Here we document the previously proposed isomerization mechanism using temperature-dependent Raman (TDR) spectroscopy. The bending frequencies in the fingerprint region were assigned to specific bonds. Changes in the signal intensity as a function of temperature were used to identify detailed ring movements and thus conversion of beta to alpha. These movements cannot occur simultaneously nor symmetrically, precluding conversion of alpha-endosulfan to beta-endosulfan. C1 [Schmidt, Walter F.; Hapeman, Cathleen J.; McConnell, Laura L.; Mookherji, Swati; Rice, Clifford P.; Nguyen, Julie K.; Qjn, Jianwei; Lee, Hoyoung; Chao, Kuanglin; Kim, Moon S.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Hapeman, CJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM cathleen.hapeman@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [1265-42000-018-00, 1265-12610-001-00] FX This work was supported financially by U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service intramural projects: 1265-42000-018-00 and 1265-12610-001-00. NR 28 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAR 5 PY 2014 VL 62 IS 9 BP 2023 EP 2030 DI 10.1021/jf404404w PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AC7CM UT WOS:000332684600001 PM 24491184 ER PT J AU Baldwin, TT Zitomer, NC Mitchell, TR Zimeri, AM Bacon, CW Riley, RT Glenn, AE AF Baldwin, Thomas T. Zitomer, Nicholas C. Mitchell, Trevor R. Zimeri, Anne-Marie Bacon, Charles W. Riley, Ronald T. Glenn, Anthony E. TI Maize Seedling Blight Induced by Fusarium verticillioides: Accumulation of Fumonisin B-1 in Leaves without Colonization of the Leaves SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE transpiration; translocation; bulk flow; Silver Queen; B73; W23; Tama Flint; abscisic acid ID PROGRAMMED CELL-DEATH; F-SP LYCOPERSICI; SPHINGOLIPID METABOLISM; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ZEA-MAYS; MONILIFORME; BIOSYNTHESIS; DISRUPTION; RESISTANCE; PATHOGENICITY AB Fusarium verticillioides produces fumonisin mycotoxins during the colonization of maize, and fumonisin B-1 (FB1) production is necessary for manifestation of maize seedling blight disease. The objective of this study was to address FB1 mobility and accumulation in seedlings to determine if proximal infection by F. verticillioides is necessary for FB1 accumulation. Taking advantage of an aconidial mutant known to have limited capability for seedling infection, tissue and soil samples were analyzed to compare wild-type F. verticillioides against the mutant. Inoculation with either strain caused accumulation of FB1 in the first and second leaves, but the mutants were unable to colonize aerial tissues. FB1, FB2, and FB3 were detected in the soil and seedling roots, but only FB1 was detected in the leaves of any treatment. These data suggest root infection by F. verticillioides is necessary for accumulation of FB1 in leaves, but the mechanism for accumulation does not require colonization of the leaf. C1 [Baldwin, Thomas T.; Zitomer, Nicholas C.; Mitchell, Trevor R.; Bacon, Charles W.; Riley, Ronald T.; Glenn, Anthony E.] ARS, Toxicol & Mycotoxin Res Unit, RB Russell Res Ctr, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Baldwin, Thomas T.] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Pathol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Zimeri, Anne-Marie] Univ Georgia, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Glenn, AE (reprint author), ARS, Toxicol & Mycotoxin Res Unit, RB Russell Res Ctr, USDA, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM anthony.glenn@ars.usda.gov NR 38 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 26 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAR 5 PY 2014 VL 62 IS 9 BP 2118 EP 2125 DI 10.1021/jf5001106 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AC7CM UT WOS:000332684600013 PM 24524621 ER PT J AU Naoumkina, M Thyssen, G Fang, DD Hinchliffe, DJ Florane, C Yeater, KM Page, JT Udall, JA AF Naoumkina, Marina Thyssen, Gregory Fang, David D. Hinchliffe, Doug J. Florane, Christopher Yeater, Kathleen M. Page, Justin T. Udall, Joshua A. TI The Li-2 Mutation Results in Reduced Subgenome Expression Bias in Elongating Fibers of Allotetraploid Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID DUPLICATE GENE-EXPRESSION; PLANT-GROWTH SUBSTANCES; LIGON LINTLESS-2 MUTANT; IN-VITRO; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; CELL ELONGATION; RNA-SEQ; ARABIDOPSIS; XYLOGLUCAN; EVOLUTION AB Next generation sequencing (RNA-seq) technology was used to evaluate the effects of the Ligon lintless-2 (Li-2) short fiber mutation on transcriptomes of both subgenomes of allotetraploid cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) as compared to its near-isogenic wild type. Sequencing was performed on 4 libraries from developing fibers of Li-2 mutant and wild type near-isogenic lines at the peak of elongation followed by mapping and PolyCat categorization of RNA-seq data to the reference D-5 genome (G. raimondii) for homeologous gene expression analysis. The majority of homeologous genes, 83.6% according to the reference genome, were expressed during fiber elongation. Our results revealed: 1) approximately two times more genes were induced in the A(T) subgenome comparing to the D-T subgenome in wild type and mutant fiber; 2) the subgenome expression bias was significantly reduced in the Li-2 fiber transcriptome; 3) Li-2 had a significantly greater effect on the D-T than on the A(T) subgenome. Transcriptional regulators and cell wall homeologous genes significantly affected by the Li-2 mutation were reviewed in detail. This is the first report to explore the effects of a single mutation on homeologous gene expression in allotetraploid cotton. These results provide deeper insights into the evolution of allotetraploid cotton gene expression and cotton fiber development. C1 [Naoumkina, Marina; Thyssen, Gregory; Fang, David D.; Florane, Christopher] USDA ARS, Cotton Fiber Biosci Res Unit, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. [Hinchliffe, Doug J.] USDA ARS, Cotton Chem & Utilizat Res Unit, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. [Yeater, Kathleen M.] USDA ARS, Southern Plains Area, College Stn, TX USA. [Page, Justin T.; Udall, Joshua A.] Brigham Young Univ, Plant & Wildlife Sci Dept, Provo, UT 84602 USA. RP Naoumkina, M (reprint author), USDA ARS, Cotton Fiber Biosci Res Unit, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. EM marina.naoumkina@ars.usda.gov OI fang, david/0000-0003-0036-5459 FU United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service [6435-21000-017-00D, 58-6435-2-663] FX This research was funded by United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service project number 6435-21000-017-00D and Cotton Incorporated project number 58-6435-2-663. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 62 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 16 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 5 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 3 AR e90830 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0090830 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AC4GP UT WOS:000332479400139 PM 24598808 ER PT J AU Zald, HSJ Ohmann, JL Roberts, HM Gregory, MJ Henderson, EB McGaughey, RJ Braaten, J AF Zald, Harold S. J. Ohmann, Janet L. Roberts, Heather M. Gregory, Matthew J. Henderson, Emilie B. McGaughey, Robert J. Braaten, Justin TI Influence of lidar, Landsat imagery, disturbance history, plot location accuracy, and plot size on accuracy of imputation maps of forest composition and structure SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Lidar; Landsat time series; Nearest-neighbor imputation; Disturbance; Forest composition and structure ID NEAREST-NEIGHBOR IMPUTATION; SPECIES DISTRIBUTION MODELS; DIRECT GRADIENT ANALYSIS; THEMATIC MAPPER DATA; COARSE WOODY DEBRIS; TIME-SERIES; STAND CHARACTERISTICS; CASCADE MOUNTAINS; CONIFER FORESTS; COASTAL OREGON AB This study investigated how lidar-derived vegetation indices, disturbance history from Landsat time series (LTS) imagery, plot location accuracy, and plot size influenced accuracy of statistical spatial models (nearest-neighbor imputation maps) of forest vegetation composition and structure. Nearest-neighbor (NN) imputation maps were developed for 539,000 ha in the central Oregon Cascades, USA. Mapped explanatory data included tasseled-cap indices and disturbance history metrics (year, magnitude, and duration of disturbance) from LTS imagery, lidar-derived vegetation metrics, climate, topography, and soil parent material. Vegetation data from USDA Forest Service forest inventory plots was summarized at two plot sizes (plot and subplot) and geographically located with two levels of accuracy (standard and improved). Maps of vegetation composition and structure were developed with the Gradient Nearest Neighbor (GNN) method of NN imputation using different combinations of explanatory variables, plot spatial resolution, and plot positional accuracy. Lidar vegetation indices greatly improved predictions of live tree structure, moderately improved predictions of snag density and down wood volume, but did not consistently improve species predictions. LTS disturbance metrics improved predictions of forest structure, but not to the degree of lidar indices, while also improving predictions of many species. Absence of disturbance attribution (i.e. disturbance type such as fire or timber harvest) in LTS disturbance metrics may have limited our ability to predict forest structure. Absence of corrected lidar intensity values may also have lowered accuracy of snag and species predictions. However, LTS disturbance attribution and lidar corrected intensity values may not be able to overcome fundamental limitations of remote sensing for predicting snags and down wood that are obscured by the forest canopy. Improved GPS plot locations had little influence on map accuracy, and we suggest under what conditions improved GPS plot locations may or may not improve the accuracy of predictive maps that link remote sensing with forest inventory plots. Subplot NN imputation maps had much lower accuracy compared to maps generated using response variables from larger whole plots. No single map had optimal results for every mapped variable, suggesting map users and developers need to prioritize what forest vegetation attributes are most important for any given map application. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Zald, Harold S. J.; Ohmann, Janet L.; Roberts, Heather M.; Gregory, Matthew J.; Braaten, Justin] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Henderson, Emilie B.] Oregon State Univ, Inst Nat Resources, Portland, OR 97207 USA. [McGaughey, Robert J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, PNW Res Stn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Zald, HSJ (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, 321 Richardson Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM harold.zald@oregonstate.edu; janet.ohmann@oregonstate.edu; heather.roberts@oregonstate.edu; matt.gregory@oregonstate.edu; emilie.henderson@oregonstate.edu; bmcgaughey@fs.fed.us; justin.braaten@oregonstate.edu FU USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station; Western Wild land Environmental Threat Assessment Center; USDA National Institute for Forests and Agriculture FX We thank Mike Simpson and personnel from the Deschutes National Forest for providing improved GPS coordinates for FIA and CVS inventory plots. Funding for this study was provided by the USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, and a grant from the Western Wild land Environmental Threat Assessment Center. LandTrendr-processed imagery used in this study was developed under a project supported by a grant from the USDA National Institute for Forests and Agriculture. NR 95 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 7 U2 64 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 EI 1879-0704 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD MAR 5 PY 2014 VL 143 BP 26 EP 38 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2013.12.013 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA AB5WP UT WOS:000331859700003 ER PT J AU Kamvar, ZN Tabima, JF Grunwald, NJ AF Kamvar, Zhian N. Tabima, Javier F. Gruenwald, Niklaus J. TI Poppr: an R package for genetic analysis of populations with clonal, partially clonal, and/or sexual reproduction SO PEERJ LA English DT Article DE Population genetics; Clonality; Genotypic diversity; Index of association; Bruvo's distance; Clone correction; Minimum spanning networks; Hierarchy; Bootstrap; Permutation ID MULTILOCUS STRUCTURE; GENOTYPIC DIVERSITY; MARKERS; TOOLS; EVOLUTION; FUNGI AB Many microbial, fungal, or oomcyete populations violate assumptions for population genetic analysis because these populations are clonal, admixed, partially clonal, and/or sexual. Furthermore, few tools exist that are specifically designed for analyzing data from clonal populations, making analysis difficult and haphazard, We developed the R package poppr providing unique tools for analysis of data from admixed, clonal, mixed, and/or sexual populations. Currently, poppr can be used for dominant/codominant and haploid/diploid genetic data. Data can be imported from several formats including GenAlEx formatted text files and can be analyzed on a user-defined hierarchy that includes unlimited levels of subpopulation structure and clone censoring. New functions include calculation of Bruvo's distance for microsatellites, batch-analysis of the index of association with several indices of genotypic diversity sity, and graphing including dendrograrns with bootstrap support and minimum spanning networks. While functions for genotypic diversity and clone censoring are specific for clonal populations, several functions found in poppr are also valuable to analysis of any populations. A manual with documentation and examples is provided. Poppr is open source and major releases are available on CRAN: http://cran.r-project.org/package=poppr. More supporting documentation and tutorials can be found under 'resources' at: http://grunwaldlab.cgrb.oregonstate.edu/. C1 [Kamvar, Zhian N.; Tabima, Javier F.; Gruenwald, Niklaus J.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Gruenwald, Niklaus J.] ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, USDA, Corvallis, OR USA. RP Kamvar, ZN (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM kamvarz@science.oregonstate.edu RI Grunwald, Niklaus/K-6041-2013; Kamvar, Zhian/C-5236-2017; OI Grunwald, Niklaus/0000-0003-1656-7602; Kamvar, Zhian/0000-0003-1458-7108; Tabima, Javier/0000-0002-3603-2691 FU USDA ARS; USDA NIFA FX The work was funded in part by USDA ARS and USDA NIFA. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 38 TC 121 Z9 121 U1 7 U2 34 PU PEERJ INC PI LONDON PA 341-345 OLD ST, THIRD FLR, LONDON, EC1V 9LL, ENGLAND SN 2167-8359 J9 PEERJ JI PeerJ PD MAR 4 PY 2014 VL 2 AR e281 DI 10.7717/peerj.281 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AY4PS UT WOS:000347561400004 PM 24688859 ER PT J AU Karl, JW Taylor, J Bobo, M AF Karl, Jason W. Taylor, Jason Bobo, Matt TI A double-sampling approach to deriving training and validation data for remotely-sensed vegetation products SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID FOREST CANOPY COVER; BETA REGRESSION; PLANT COVER; GRASSLAND VEGETATION; RANGELAND; MANAGEMENT; IMAGERY; MODELS; CLASSIFICATION; ACCURACY AB The need for large sample sizes to train, calibrate, and validate remote-sensing products has driven an emphasis towards rapid, and in many cases qualitative, field methods. Double-sampling is an option for calibrating less precise field measurements with data from a more precise method collected at a subset of sampling locations. While applicable to the creation of training and validation datasets for remote-sensing products, double-sampling has rarely been used in this context. Our objective was to compare vegetation indicators developed from a rapid qualitative (i.e. ocular estimation) field protocol with the quantitative field protocol used by the Bureau of Land Management's Assessment, Inventory and Monitoring (AIM) programme to determine whether double-sampling could be used to adjust the qualitative estimates to improve the relationship between rapidly collected field data and high-resolution satellite imagery. We used beta regression to establish the relationship between the quantitative and qualitative estimates of vegetation cover from 50 field sites in the Piceance Basin of northwestern Colorado, USA. Using the defined regression models for eight vegetation indicators we adjusted the qualitative estimates and compared the results, along with the original measurements, to 5 m-resolution RapidEye satellite imagery. We found good correlation between quantitative and ocular estimates for dominant site components such as shrub cover and bare ground, but low correlations for minor site components (e.g. annual grass cover) or indicators where observers were required to estimate over multiple life forms (e.g. total canopy cover). Using the beta-regression models to adjust the qualitative estimates with the quantitative data significantly improved correlation with the RapidEye imagery for most indicators. As a means of improving training data for remote-sensing projects, double-sampling should be used where a strong relationship exists between quantitative and qualitative field techniques. Accordingly, ocular techniques should be used only when they can generate reliable estimates of vegetation cover. C1 [Karl, Jason W.] ARS, USDA, Las Cruces, NM 88001 USA. [Taylor, Jason; Bobo, Matt] Bur Land Management, Natl Operat Ctr, Denver, CO USA. RP Karl, JW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Las Cruces, NM 88001 USA. EM jkarl@nmsu.edu NR 77 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 13 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 EI 1366-5901 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PD MAR 4 PY 2014 VL 35 IS 5 BP 1936 EP 1955 DI 10.1080/01431161.2014.880820 PG 20 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA AB5YM UT WOS:000331864600019 ER PT J AU Boddicker, NJ Bjorkquist, A Rowland, RRR Lunney, JK Reecy, JM Dekkers, JCM AF Boddicker, Nicholas J. Bjorkquist, Angelica Rowland, Raymond R. R. Lunney, Joan K. Reecy, James M. Dekkers, Jack C. M. TI Genome-wide association and genomic prediction for host response to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection SO GENETICS SELECTION EVOLUTION LA English DT Article ID REPLICATION; GAMMA AB Background: Host genetics has been shown to play a role in porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), which is the most economically important disease in the swine industry. A region on Sus scrofa chromosome (SSC) 4 has been previously reported to have a strong association with serum viremia and weight gain in pigs experimentally infected with the PRRS virus (PRRSV). The objective here was to identify haplotypes associated with the favorable phenotype, investigate additional genomic regions associated with host response to PRRSV, and to determine the predictive ability of genomic estimated breeding values (GEBV) based on the SSC4 region and based on the rest of the genome. Phenotypic data and 60 K SNP genotypes from eight trials of similar to 200 pigs from different commercial crosses were used to address these objectives. Results: Across the eight trials, heritability estimates were 0.44 and 0.29 for viral load (VL, area under the curve of log-transformed serum viremia from 0 to 21 days post infection) and weight gain to 42 days post infection (WG), respectively. Genomic regions associated with VL were identified on chromosomes 4, X, and 1. Genomic regions associated with WG were identified on chromosomes 4, 5, and 7. Apart from the SSC4 region, the regions associated with these two traits each explained less than 3% of the genetic variance. Due to the strong linkage disequilibrium in the SSC4 region, only 19 unique haplotypes were identified across all populations, of which four were associated with the favorable phenotype. Through cross-validation, accuracies of EBV based on the SSC4 region were high (0.55), while the rest of the genome had little predictive ability across populations (0.09). Conclusions: Traits associated with response to PRRSV infection in growing pigs are largely controlled by genomic regions with relatively small effects, with the exception of SSC4. Accuracies of EBV based on the SSC4 region were high compared to the rest of the genome. These results show that selection for the SSC4 region could potentially reduce the effects of PRRS in growing pigs, ultimately reducing the economic impact of this disease. C1 [Boddicker, Nicholas J.; Bjorkquist, Angelica; Reecy, James M.; Dekkers, Jack C. M.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Rowland, Raymond R. R.] Kansas State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Lunney, Joan K.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Dekkers, JCM (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM jdekkers@iastate.edu FU USDA NIFA PRRS CAP [2008-5562019132]; National Pork Board; NRSP-8 Swine Genome and Bioinformatics Coordination projects; PRRS Host Genetics Consortium FX This project was supported by the USDA NIFA PRRS CAP Award 2008-5562019132, the National Pork Board, and the NRSP-8 Swine Genome and Bioinformatics Coordination projects, and the PRRS Host Genetics Consortium consisting of USDA ARS, Kansas State Univ., Iowa State Univ., Michigan State Univ., Washington State Univ., Purdue Univ., University of Nebraska- Lincoln, PIC/Genus, Newsham Choice Genetics, Fast Genetics, Genetiporc, Inc., Genesus, Inc., IDEXX Laboratories, and Tetracore, Inc. The authors acknowledge technical assistance to this project from Juan Pedro Steibel for the algorithm to compute viral load based on area under the curve, Max Rothschild for assistance with genotyping, Eric Fritz for database management, Ania Wolc and Dinesh Thekkoot for statistical assistance, and the lab of Bob Rowland, specifically Becky Eaves, Maureen Kerrigan, Ben Trible, Jessica Otradovec, Brooke Bloomberg, Aubree Gottlob, Laura O'Brien, and Ranjini Chand for animal care and sample collection, and the lab of Joan Lunney, specifically Samuel Abrams and Amber Tietgens, for preparation of all genomic DNA samples for SNP genotyping. NR 19 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 18 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 0999-193X EI 1297-9686 J9 GENET SEL EVOL JI Genet. Sel. Evol. PD MAR 4 PY 2014 VL 46 AR 18 DI 10.1186/1297-9686-46-18 PG 14 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Genetics & Heredity SC Agriculture; Genetics & Heredity GA AF9XD UT WOS:000335067100001 PM 24592976 ER PT J AU O'Brien, AMP Utsunomiya, YT Meszaros, G Bickhart, DM Liu, GE Van Tassell, CP Sonstegard, TS Da Silva, MVB Garcia, JF Solkner, J AF O'Brien, Ana M. Perez Utsunomiya, Yuri T. Meszaros, Gabor Bickhart, Derek M. Liu, George E. Van Tassell, Curtis P. Sonstegard, Tad S. Da Silva, Marcos V. B. Garcia, Jose Fernando Soelkner, Johann TI Assessing signatures of selection through variation in linkage disequilibrium between taurine and indicine cattle SO GENETICS SELECTION EVOLUTION LA English DT Article ID COPY-NUMBER VARIATION; SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; RECENT POSITIVE SELECTION; WHOLE-GENOME ASSOCIATION; BEEF-CATTLE; MEAT QUALITY; ARTIFICIAL SELECTION; NATURAL-SELECTION; AFRICAN CATTLE; DAIRY-CATTLE AB Background: Signatures of selection are regions in the genome that have been preferentially increased in frequency and fixed in a population because of their functional importance in specific processes. These regions can be detected because of their lower genetic variability and specific regional linkage disequilibrium (LD) patterns. Methods: By comparing the differences in regional LD variation between dairy and beef cattle types, and between indicine and taurine subspecies, we aim at finding signatures of selection for production and adaptation in cattle breeds. The VarLD method was applied to compare the LD variation in the autosomal genome between breeds, including Angus and Brown Swiss, representing taurine breeds, and Nelore and Gir, representing indicine breeds. Genomic regions containing the top 0.01 and 0.1 percentile of signals were characterized using the UMD3.1 Bos taurus genome assembly to identify genes in those regions and compared with previously reported selection signatures and regions with copy number variation. Results: For all comparisons, the top 0.01 and 0.1 percentile included 26 and 165 signals and 17 and 125 genes, respectively, including TECRL, BT.23182 or FPPS, CAST, MYOM1, UVRAG and DNAJA1. Conclusions: The VarLD method is a powerful tool to identify differences in linkage disequilibrium between cattle populations and putative signatures of selection with potential adaptive and productive importance. C1 [O'Brien, Ana M. Perez; Meszaros, Gabor; Soelkner, Johann] Univ Nat Resources & Life Sci, Vienna, Austria. [Utsunomiya, Yuri T.; Garcia, Jose Fernando] Sao Paulo State Univ UNESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Meszaros, Gabor] Roslin Inst, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Bickhart, Derek M.; Liu, George E.; Van Tassell, Curtis P.; Sonstegard, Tad S.] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD USA. [Da Silva, Marcos V. B.] Embrapa Dairy Cattle, Juiz De Fora, MG, Brazil. RP Solkner, J (reprint author), Univ Nat Resources & Life Sci, Vienna, Austria. EM johann.soelkner@boku.ac.at RI Utsunomiya, Yuri Tani/K-5214-2013; OI Utsunomiya, Yuri Tani/0000-0002-6526-8337; Van Tassell, Curtis/0000-0002-8416-2087; Bickhart, Derek/0000-0003-2223-9285 FU USDA-ARS [1265-31000-104-00D]; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient fico e Tecnolcgico (CNPq) [560922/2010-8, 483590/2010-0]; Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) [2011/16643-2, 2010/52030-2] FX We gratefully acknowledge the Bundesministerium for Land-und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft (Austria) for data on 29 BSW animals; Guilherme Penteado Coelho Filho, Daniel Biluca, Adriana Santana do Carmo and DeltaGen (Brazil) for technical assistance in sample acquisition and genotyping of 80 NEL animals, and Hapmap Bovine genome project for the rest of the data used for this analysis. Thanks to Pier KRK Ito for his assistance with graphical outputs. This work was supported in part by Projects 1265-31000-104-00D from USDA-ARS, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient fico e Tecnolcgico (CNPq)-process 560922/2010-8 and 483590/2010-0; and Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) - process 2011/16643-2 and 2010/52030-2. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 68 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 24 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 0999-193X EI 1297-9686 J9 GENET SEL EVOL JI Genet. Sel. Evol. PD MAR 4 PY 2014 VL 46 AR 19 DI 10.1186/1297-9686-46-19 PG 14 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Genetics & Heredity SC Agriculture; Genetics & Heredity GA AF9XD UT WOS:000335067100002 ER PT J AU Harvey, BC White, JL Nakamoto, RJ Railsback, SF AF Harvey, Bret C. White, Jason L. Nakamoto, Rodney J. Railsback, Steven F. TI Effects of Streamflow Diversion on a Fish Population: Combining Empirical Data and Individual-Based Models in a Site-Specific Evaluation SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID SALMON SALMO-SALAR; ATLANTIC SALMON; GROWTH; TROUT; DISCHARGE; RESPONSES; ECOLOGY; REGIMES; FLOWS AB Resource managers commonly face the need to evaluate the ecological consequences of specific water diversions of small streams. We addressed this need by conducting 4years of biophysical monitoring of stream reaches above and below a diversion and applying two individual-based models of salmonid fish that simulated different levels of behavioral complexity. The diversion of interest captured about 24% of streamflow between June and October but had little or no effect over the remainder of the year. The change in biomass of Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss and steelhead (anadromous Rainbow Trout) over the dry season (June-October) favored the upstream control over the downstream diversion reach over 4years (2008-2011). Dry-season growth did not differ consistently between the two reaches but did exhibit substantial annual variation. Longer-term observations revealed that in both reaches most fish growth occurred outside the period of dry-season diversion. After calibration to the upstream control reach, both individual-based models predicted the observed difference in fish biomass between control and diversion reaches at the ends of the dry seasons. Both models suggested the difference was attributable in part to differences in habitat structure unrelated to streamflow that favored the upstream reach. The two models both also reproduced the large seasonal differences in growth, small differences between reaches in individual growth, and natural distributions of growth among individuals. Both the empirical data and simulation modeling suggested that the current level of diversion does not threaten the persistence of the salmonid population. In multiyear simulations using the two models, the model incorporating greater flexibility in fish behavior exhibited weaker population-level responses to more extreme reductions in dry-season streamflow. We believe the application of individual-based models in this case has placed resource managers in a relatively strong position to forecast the consequences of future environmental alterations at the study site. Received March 22, 2013; accepted October 17, 2013 C1 [Harvey, Bret C.; White, Jason L.; Nakamoto, Rodney J.] US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Railsback, Steven F.] Lang Railsback & Associates, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. RP Harvey, BC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, 1700 Bayview Dr, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. EM bharvey@fs.fed.us OI Railsback, Steven/0000-0002-5923-9847 NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 14 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 520 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0275-5947 EI 1548-8675 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PD MAR 4 PY 2014 VL 34 IS 2 BP 247 EP 257 DI 10.1080/02755947.2013.860062 PG 11 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA AF1QW UT WOS:000334489400003 ER PT J AU Menendez, KR Garcia, M Spatz, S Tablante, NL AF Menendez, Kimberly R. Garcia, Maricarmen Spatz, Stephen Tablante, Nathaniel L. TI Molecular epidemiology of infectious laryngotracheitis: a review SO AVIAN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Review ID FRAGMENT-LENGTH-POLYMORPHISM; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; LIVE ATTENUATED VACCINES; MULTIPLE GENOME REGIONS; UNITED-STATES; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; VIRUS ILTV; BROILER-CHICKENS; RAPID DETECTION; DRINKING-WATER AB Infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) is an economically important respiratory disease of poultry that affects the poultry industry worldwide. The disease is caused by gallid herpesvirus I (GaHV-1), a member of the genus Iltovirus, family Herpesviridae, subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae. The current incidence of the disease is heavily influenced by live attenuated vaccines, which have been used extensively since their introduction in the mid-twentieth century. The capability of current live attenuated vaccine viruses to revert to virulence and spread from bird to bird has shaped the molecular epidemiology of ILT. Because of the antigenic homogeneity among GaHV-1 strains, differentiation of strains has been achieved by targeting genomic differences between outbreak-related isolates and vaccine strains. Numerous genes and genomic regions have been utilized in the development of DNA-based diagnostic assays to differentiate outbreak-related isolates from vaccine strains in countries where ILT outbreaks have occurred. More recently, full genome sequences have allowed determination of the origin of some of the outbreak-related isolates circulating in some poultry production countries. Overall, molecular typing data collected worldwide have identified live attenuated vaccine-related isolates as the primary source for outbreaks of the disease. C1 [Menendez, Kimberly R.; Tablante, Nathaniel L.] Univ Maryland, Virginia Maryland Reg Coll Vet Med, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Garcia, Maricarmen] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Poultry Diagnost & Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Spatz, Stephen] ARS, USDA, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA USA. RP Garcia, M (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Poultry Diagnost & Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM mcgarcia@uga.edu NR 68 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 14 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0307-9457 EI 1465-3338 J9 AVIAN PATHOL JI Avian Pathol. PD MAR 4 PY 2014 VL 43 IS 2 BP 108 EP 117 DI 10.1080/03079457.2014.886004 PG 10 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AE3OY UT WOS:000333887000002 PM 24460399 ER PT J AU Wang, CG Rada, N Qin, LJ Pan, SW AF Wang, Chenggang Rada, Nicholas Qin, Lijian Pan, Suwen TI Impacts of Migration on Household Production Choices: Evidence from China SO JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENT STUDIES LA English DT Article AB The great migration from Chinese farms to cities during the past several decades ranks among the most economically consequential of modern population movements. We use a national sample of rice-producing Chinese households to examine the effects of that migration on agricultural production. Our assessment involves evaluating four alternative theories of labour market equilibrium in the framework of an expanded agricultural household model. Migration's farm production impacts appear to be slight, not on account of farm labour market perfections or remittance-financed technological improvements, but by substituting a reduction in leisure and other low-return activities for lost labour. C1 [Wang, Chenggang] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Agr & Appl Econ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Wang, Chenggang] Texas A&M AgriLife Res & Extens Ctr, Lubbock, TX USA. [Rada, Nicholas] USDA, Econ Res Serv, Market & Trade Econ Div, Washington, DC USA. [Qin, Lijian] Anhui Univ Finance & Econ, Dept Econ, Bangbu, Peoples R China. [Pan, Suwen] World Agr Econ & Environm Serv, Columbia, MO USA. RP Wang, CG (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, POB 42132, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM chenggang.wang@ttu.edu NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 14 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0022-0388 EI 1743-9140 J9 J DEV STUD JI J. Dev. Stud. PD MAR 4 PY 2014 VL 50 IS 3 BP 413 EP 425 DI 10.1080/00220388.2013.866221 PG 13 WC Economics; Planning & Development SC Business & Economics; Public Administration GA AE4XA UT WOS:000333988500005 ER PT J AU Nelson, GC Valin, H Sands, RD Havlik, P Ahammad, H Deryng, D Elliott, J Fujimori, S Hasegawa, T Heyhoe, E Kyle, P Von Lampe, M Lotze-Campen, H d'Croz, DM van Meijl, H van der Mensbrugghe, D Muller, C Popp, A Robertson, R Robinson, S Schmid, E Schmitz, C Tabeau, A Willenbockel, D AF Nelson, Gerald C. Valin, Hugo Sands, Ronald D. Havlik, Petr Ahammad, Helal Deryng, Delphine Elliott, Joshua Fujimori, Shinichiro Hasegawa, Tomoko Heyhoe, Edwina Kyle, Page Von Lampe, Martin Lotze-Campen, Hermann d'Croz, Daniel Mason van Meijl, Hans van der Mensbrugghe, Dominique Mueller, Christoph Popp, Alexander Robertson, Richard Robinson, Sherman Schmid, Erwin Schmitz, Christoph Tabeau, Andrzej Willenbockel, Dirk TI Climate change effects on agriculture: Economic responses to biophysical shocks SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE climate change adaptation; model intercomparison; integrated assessment; agricultural productivity ID INTERNATIONAL-TRADE; LAND-USE; IMPACT; CMIP5 AB Agricultural production is sensitive to weather and thus directly affected by climate change. Plausible estimates of these climate change impacts require combined use of climate, crop, and economic models. Results from previous studies vary substantially due to differences in models, scenarios, and data. This paper is part of a collective effort to systematically integrate these three types of models. We focus on the economic component of the assessment, investigating how nine global economic models of agriculture represent endogenous responses to seven standardized climate change scenarios produced by two climate and five crop models. These responses include adjustments in yields, area, consumption, and international trade. We apply biophysical shocks derived from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's representative concentration pathway with end-of-century radiative forcing of 8.5 W/m(2). The mean biophysical yield effect with no incremental CO2 fertilization is a 17% reduction globally by 2050 relative to a scenario with unchanging climate. Endogenous economic responses reduce yield loss to 11%, increase area of major crops by 11%, and reduce consumption by 3%. Agricultural production, crop-land area, trade, and prices show the greatest degree of variability in response to climate change, and consumption the lowest. The sources of these differences include model structure and specification; in particular, model assumptions about ease of land use conversion, intensification, and trade. This study identifies where models disagree on the relative responses to climate shocks and highlights research activities needed to improve the representation of agricultural adaptation responses to climate change. C1 [Nelson, Gerald C.; Robertson, Richard; Robinson, Sherman] Int Food Policy Res Inst, Environm & Prod Technol Div, Washington, DC 20006 USA. [Valin, Hugo; Havlik, Petr] Int Inst Appl Syst Anal, Ecosyst Serv & Management Program, A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria. [Sands, Ronald D.] ERS, Resource & Rural Econ Div, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Ahammad, Helal; Heyhoe, Edwina] Australian Bur Agr & Resource Econ & Sci, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Deryng, Delphine] Univ E Anglia, Tyndall Ctr Climate Change Res, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England. [Deryng, Delphine] Univ E Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England. [Elliott, Joshua] Univ Chicago, Computat Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Elliott, Joshua] Columbia Univ, Ctr Climate Syst Res, New York, NY 10025 USA. [Fujimori, Shinichiro; Hasegawa, Tomoko] Natl Inst Environm Studies, Ctr Social & Environm Syst Res, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058506, Japan. [Kyle, Page] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Von Lampe, Martin] Org Econ Cooperat & Dev, Trade & Agr Directorate, F-75775 Paris 16, France. [Lotze-Campen, Hermann; Mueller, Christoph; Popp, Alexander; Schmitz, Christoph] Potsdam Inst Climate Impact Res, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany. [van Meijl, Hans; Tabeau, Andrzej] Univ Wageningen & Res Ctr, LEI Agr Econ Res Inst, NL-2585 DB The Hague, Netherlands. [van der Mensbrugghe, Dominique] Food & Agr Org United Nations, Agr Dev Econ Div, I-00153 Rome, Italy. [Schmid, Erwin] Univ Nat Resources & Life Sci, A-1180 Vienna, Austria. [Willenbockel, Dirk] Univ Sussex, Inst Dev Studies, Brighton BN1 9RE, E Sussex, England. RP Nelson, GC (reprint author), Int Food Policy Res Inst, Environm & Prod Technol Div, Washington, DC 20006 USA. EM nelson.gerald.c@gmail.com RI Popp, Alexander/N-7064-2014; van Meijl, Hans/G-6223-2015; Mueller, Christoph/E-4812-2016; Mason-D'Croz, Daniel/M-4254-2016; Deryng, Delphine/F-7417-2010; Fujimori, Shinichiro/A-1288-2015 OI van Meijl, Hans/0000-0002-2455-6869; Mueller, Christoph/0000-0002-9491-3550; Mason-D'Croz, Daniel/0000-0003-0673-2301; Willenbockel, Dirk/0000-0002-6840-0954; Schmid, Erwin/0000-0003-4783-9666; Deryng, Delphine/0000-0001-6214-7241; Fujimori, Shinichiro/0000-0001-7897-1796 FU CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security; US Department of Agriculture; UK Department for International Development; Ministry of the Environment of Japan [A-1103]; Integrated Assessment Research Program in the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy; European Union FP7 Projects Visions of Land Use Transitions in Europe FX We thank the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security, the US Department of Agriculture, and the UK Department for International Development for support of the Agricultural Model Intercomparison and Improvement Project. The scenarios in this study were constructed from a large body of work done in support of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's Fifth Assessment Report. This prior work includes the Representative Concentration Pathways (www.iiasa.ac.at/web-apps/tnt/RcpDb), the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5), the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (https://secure.iiasa.ac.at/web-apps/ene/SspDb), and the climate impacts on agricultural crop yields from the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (www.isi-mip.org). This study was also made possible by the support to institutions where authors are based by the following projects: Environment Research and Technology Development Fund (A-1103) of the Ministry of the Environment of Japan (for the National Institute for Environmental Studies), the Integrated Assessment Research Program in the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy (for the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory), European Union FP7 Projects Visions of Land Use Transitions in Europe [for Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK) and Agricultural Economics Research Institute (LEI)], GlobalIQ [PIK and International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA)] and FoodSecure (LEI and IIASA), and Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung Projects Global Assessment of Land Use Dynamics, Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Ecosystem Services and Modelling European Agriculture with Climate Change for Food Security (for PIK). This paper is a contribution to the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (www.isi-mip.org) and was made possible by the Agricultural Model Intercomparison and Improvement Project's global economic model intercomparison (www.agmip.org). NR 22 TC 71 Z9 71 U1 13 U2 91 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAR 4 PY 2014 VL 111 IS 9 BP 3274 EP 3279 DI 10.1073/pnas.1222465110 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AC5KR UT WOS:000332560300030 PM 24344285 ER PT J AU Schmer, MR Vogel, KP Varvel, GE Follett, RF Mitchell, RB Jin, VL AF Schmer, Marty R. Vogel, Kenneth P. Varvel, Gary E. Follett, Ronald F. Mitchell, Robert B. Jin, Virginia L. TI Energy Potential and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Bioenergy Cropping Systems on Marginally Productive Cropland SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID LAND-USE CHANGE; CELLULOSIC ETHANOL; CARBON DEBT; CORN STOVER; NET ENERGY; SWITCHGRASS; BIOMASS; BIOFUELS; US; GRASSLANDS AB Low-carbon biofuel sources are being developed and evaluated in the United States and Europe to partially offset petroleum transport fuels. Current and potential biofuel production systems were evaluated from a long-term continuous no-tillage corn (Zea mays L.) and switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) field trial under differing harvest strategies and nitrogen (N) fertilizer intensities to determine overall environmental sustainability. Corn and switchgrass grown for bioenergy resulted in near-term net greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions of -29 to -396 grams of CO2 equivalent emissions per megajoule of ethanol per year as a result of direct soil carbon sequestration and from the adoption of integrated biofuel conversion pathways. Management practices in switchgrass and corn resulted in large variation in petroleum offset potential. Switchgrass, using best management practices produced 3919 +/- 117 liters of ethanol per hectare and had 74 +/- 2.2 gigajoules of petroleum offsets per hectare which was similar to intensified corn systems (grain and 50% residue harvest under optimal N rates). Co-locating and integrating cellulosic biorefineries with existing dry mill corn grain ethanol facilities improved net energy yields (GJ ha(-1)) of corn grain ethanol by >70%. A multi-feedstock, landscape approach coupled with an integrated biorefinery would be a viable option to meet growing renewable transportation fuel demands while improving the energy efficiency of first generation biofuels. C1 [Schmer, Marty R.; Varvel, Gary E.; Jin, Virginia L.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Vogel, Kenneth P.; Mitchell, Robert B.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Follett, Ronald F.] USDA ARS, Soil Plant Nutrient Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. RP Schmer, MR (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM marty.schmer@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service (ARS); USDA-ARS GRACEnet effort; USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service FX This research was funded by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service (ARS) including funds from the USDA-ARS GRACEnet effort, and partly by the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 45 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 68 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 4 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 3 AR e89501 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0089501 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AC4FD UT WOS:000332475500015 PM 24594783 ER PT J AU Sikulu, MT Majambere, S Khatib, BO Ali, AS Hugo, LE Dowell, FE AF Sikulu, Maggy T. Majambere, Silas Khatib, Bakar O. Ali, Abdullah S. Hugo, Leon E. Dowell, Floyd E. TI Using a Near-Infrared Spectrometer to Estimate the Age of Anopheles Mosquitoes Exposed to Pyrethroids SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID AEDES-AEGYPTI DIPTERA; CUTICULAR HYDROCARBONS; GAMBIAE COMPLEX; MALARIA VECTORS; BURKINA-FASO; SPECTROSCOPY; IDENTIFICATION; CULICIDAE; TANZANIA; NETS AB We report on the accuracy of using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to predict the age of Anopheles mosquitoes reared from wild larvae and a mixed age-wild adult population collected from pit traps after exposure to pyrethroids. The mosquitoes reared from wild larvae were estimated as <7 or >= 7 d old with an overall accuracy of 79%. The age categories of Anopheles mosquitoes that were not exposed to the insecticide papers were predicted with 78% accuracy whereas the age categories of resistant, susceptible and mosquitoes exposed to control papers were predicted with 82%, 78% and 79% accuracy, respectively. The ages of 85% of the wild-collected mixed-age Anopheles were predicted by NIRS as <= 8 d for both susceptible and resistant groups. The age structure of wild-collected mosquitoes was not significantly different for the pyrethroid-susceptible and pyrethroid-resistant mosquitoes (P = 0.210). Based on these findings, NIRS chronological age estimation technique for Anopheles mosquitoes may be independent of insecticide exposure and the environmental conditions to which the mosquitoes are exposed. C1 [Sikulu, Maggy T.; Hugo, Leon E.] QIMR Berghofer Med Res Inst, Mosquito Control Lab, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. [Sikulu, Maggy T.] Griffith Univ, Environm Futures Ctr, Brisbane, Qld 4111, Australia. [Sikulu, Maggy T.] Ifakara Hlth Inst, Environm Hlth & Ecol Sci Themat Grp, Ifakara, Tanzania. [Majambere, Silas] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Vector Grp, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. [Majambere, Silas; Khatib, Bakar O.; Ali, Abdullah S.] Minist Hlth & Social Welf, Zanzibar Malaria Control Programme, Zanzibar, Tanzania. [Dowell, Floyd E.] ARS, Engn & Wind Eros Res Unit, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS USA. RP Sikulu, MT (reprint author), QIMR Berghofer Med Res Inst, Mosquito Control Lab, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. EM maggy.sikulu@qimrberghofer.edu.au FU CDC FX This study was funded by a CDC cooperative agreement grant awarded to Ifakara Health Institute to support the NIRS work. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 13 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 4 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 3 AR e90657 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0090657 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AC4FD UT WOS:000332475500084 PM 24594705 ER PT J AU Singh, S Schneider, DJ Myers, CR AF Singh, Sarabjeet Schneider, David J. Myers, Christopher R. TI Using multitype branching processes to quantify statistics of disease outbreaks in zoonotic epidemics SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; PUBLIC-HEALTH; ZOONOSES; PATHOGENS; EMERGENCE; WILDLIFE; DYNAMICS; BIRTH AB Branching processes have served as a model for chemical reactions, biological growth processes, and contagion (of disease, information, or fads). Through this connection, these seemingly different physical processes share some common universalities that can be elucidated by analyzing the underlying branching process. In this work we focus on coupled branching processes as a model of infectious diseases spreading from one population to another. An exceedingly important example of such coupled outbreaks are zoonotic infections that spill over from animal populations to humans. We derive several statistical quantities characterizing the first spillover event from animals to humans, including the probability of spillover, the first passage time distribution for human infection, and disease prevalence in the animal population at spillover. Large stochastic fluctuations in those quantities can make inference of the state of the system at the time of spillover difficult. Focusing on outbreaks in the human population, we then characterize the critical threshold for a large outbreak, the distribution of outbreak sizes, and associated scaling laws. These all show a strong dependence on the basic reproduction number in the animal population and indicate the existence of a novel multicritical point with altered scaling behavior. The coupling of animal and human infection dynamics has crucial implications, most importantly allowing for the possibility of large human outbreaks even when human-to-human transmission is subcritical. C1 [Singh, Sarabjeet] Cornell Univ, Sibley Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Schneider, David J.] ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, USDA, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Schneider, David J.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Myers, Christopher R.] Cornell Univ, Dept Phys, Lab Atom & Solid State Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Myers, Christopher R.] Cornell Univ, Inst Biotechnol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Singh, S (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Sibley Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM ss2365@cornell.edu; dave.schneider@ars.usda.gov; c.myers@cornell.edu RI Schneider, David/H-2236-2012 OI Schneider, David/0000-0002-2124-8385 FU Science & Technology Directorate, Department of Homeland Security [HSHQDC-10-X-00138] FX The authors thank Jason Hindes, Oleg Kogan, Marshall Hayes, Drew Dolgert, and Jamie Lloyd-Smith for helpful discussions and comments on the manuscript. This work was supported by the Science & Technology Directorate, Department of Homeland Security, via Interagency Agreement No. HSHQDC-10-X-00138. NR 30 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR 4 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 3 AR 032702 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.89.032702 PG 14 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA AC1RQ UT WOS:000332274100003 PM 24730870 ER PT J AU Brown, JW AF Brown, John W. TI REVIEW OF AESIOCOPA ZELLER, 1877, WITH THE DESCRIPTIONS OF TWO NEW SPECIES (TORTRICIDAE: SPARGANOTHINI) SO JOURNAL OF THE LEPIDOPTERISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Review DE Costa Rica; host plants; Mexico; new species; Panama ID INSECTA LEPIDOPTERA; EAST CORDILLERA; SYSTEMATICS; ECUADOR AB The formerly monotypic genus Aesiocopa Zeller, 1877 is reviewed. Three species are included: A. vacivana Zeller, 1877 (type species) from Panama and Costa Rica; A. necrofolia Brown & Phillips, new species, from Mexico, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica; and A. grandis Brown, new species, from Costa Rica. The genus is recorded sparingly from Mexico to Panama. Although A. vacivana and A. grandis are known from only a handful of specimens, A. necrofolia has been reared from larvae numerous times in Costa Rica and from 15 different plant families: Asteraceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Hernandiaceae, Icacinaceae, Lauraceae, Magnoliaceae, Myrsinaceae, Myrtaceae, Piperaceae, Rubiaceae, Salicaceae, Sapindaceae, Smilacaceae, and Urticaceae. The abundance of rearing records suggests that the species is polyphagous, and the paucity of field-collected adults suggests that it may not be avidly attracted to light. The same may be true for its congeners. C1 ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Brown, JW (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Natl Museum Nat Hist, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM john.brown@ars.usda.gov FU NSF; U.S. Department of Agriculture FX I thank Jack Longino, co-PI of the NSF-funded ALAS Project, Evergreen State College, Olympia, Washington, for the opportunity to conduct field work in Costa Rica and visit Instituto Biologia de Biodiversidad (INBio) in Santo Domingo de Heredia, Costa Rica. I acknowledge Eugenie Phillips-Rodriguez, Jerry Powell, and James Kruse for discussions about Costa Rican Sparganothini; Phillips-Rodriguez provided access to the collection at INBio and Powell access to the collection at EME. I am especially grateful to Daniel Janzen and Winnie Hallwachs for making available for study reared specimens from Costa Rica. The illustrations were skillfully prepared by Taina Litwak and Gary Ouellette, USDA, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC. The project was completed with the support of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, an equal opportunity provider and employer. James Kruse and Eugenie Phillips-Rodriguez provided helpful reviews that increase the clarity and quality of the manuscript. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU LEPIDOPTERISTS SOC PI LOS ANGELES PA 900 EXPOSITION BLVD, LOS ANGELES, CA 90007-4057 USA SN 0024-0966 J9 J LEPID SOC JI J. Lepid. Soc. PD MAR 3 PY 2014 VL 68 IS 1 BP 1 EP 9 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AC8WR UT WOS:000332816300001 ER PT J AU Kruse, JJ Powell, JA AF Kruse, James J. Powell, Jerry A. TI DEFINING CLEPSIS PENETRALIS RAZOWSKI (TORTRICIDAE) USING MORPHOLOGY AND MOLECULES: A WIDESPREAD BUT OVERLOOKED NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES SO JOURNAL OF THE LEPIDOPTERISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Tortricinae; Archipini; Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit I (COI); mtDNA; systematics ID MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; LEPIDOPTERA; PHYLOGENY; SEQUENCE; SYSTEMATICS; EVOLUTION AB The taxonomic status of Clepsis penetralis has remained enigmatic since its description in 1979. Using specimens collected or borrowed from across the U.S.A., we examined genitalic and wing characters as well as mitochondrial DNA sequence in order to distinguish C. penetralis from the similar congener C. peritana. The genomic integrity of the two species was strongly supported, and the mtDNA sequence data further suggest a potential additional new species from California. Examinations of collections across the country indicate that C. penetralis is a widespread species that has been widely overlooked. C1 [Kruse, James J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA. [Kruse, James J.] Univ Alaska Museum, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Powell, Jerry A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Essig Museum Entomol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kruse, JJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, 3700 Airport Way, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA. EM jkruse@fs.fed.us; powellj@nature.berkeley.edu FU NSF-PEET; California AES; NSERC FX We thank F.A.H. Sperling for review of this manuscript and use of his molecular lab for this study; D. Rubinoff and two anonymous reviewers for helpful reviews and recommendations for improvement; J. Brown, D. Wagner and C. Ferris for acquisition of specimens and helpful insights. We thank the Essig Museum of Entomology (EME), National Museum of Natural History (NMNH), and University of Connecticut for the loan of specimens, and many others for allowing us to examine specimens during visits. M. San Jose conducted Maximum Likelihood analyses; C. Bickford photographed specimens; N. Lisuzzo manipulated photographs in Photoshop and prepared the photo plate. This project was made possible by an NSF-PEET grant to F.A.H Sperling and J.A. Powell, and by California AES and NSERC grants to F.A.H. Sperling. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LEPIDOPTERISTS SOC PI LOS ANGELES PA 900 EXPOSITION BLVD, LOS ANGELES, CA 90007-4057 USA SN 0024-0966 J9 J LEPID SOC JI J. Lepid. Soc. PD MAR 3 PY 2014 VL 68 IS 1 BP 25 EP 30 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AC8WR UT WOS:000332816300004 ER PT J AU Walter, WD Smith, R Vanderklok, M VerCauteren, KC AF Walter, W. David Smith, Rick Vanderklok, Mike VerCauteren, Kurt C. TI Linking Bovine Tuberculosis on Cattle Farms to White-Tailed Deer and Environmental Variables Using Bayesian Hierarchical Analysis SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE; MYCOBACTERIUM-BOVIS; ODOCOILEUS-VIRGINIANUS; MICHIGAN; WILDLIFE; MANAGEMENT; CONVERGENCE; PREVALENCE; INFECTION; RISK AB Bovine tuberculosis is a bacterial disease caused by Mycobacterium bovis in livestock and wildlife with hosts that include Eurasian badgers (Meles meles), brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula), and white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). Risk-assessment efforts in Michigan have been initiated on farms to minimize interactions of cattle with wildlife hosts but research on M. bovis on cattle farms has not investigated the spatial context of disease epidemiology. To incorporate spatially explicit data, initial likelihood of infection probabilities for cattle farms tested for M. bovis, prevalence of M. bovis in white-tailed deer, deer density, and environmental variables for each farm were modeled in a Bayesian hierarchical framework. We used geo-referenced locations of 762 cattle farms that have been tested for M. bovis, white-tailed deer prevalence, and several environmental variables that may lead to long-term survival and viability of M. bovis on farms and surrounding habitats (i.e., soil type, habitat type). Bayesian hierarchical analyses identified deer prevalence and proportion of sandy soil within our sampling grid as the most supported model. Analysis of cattle farms tested for M. bovis identified that for every 1% increase in sandy soil resulted in an increase in odds of infection by 4%. Our analysis revealed that the influence of prevalence of M. bovis in white-tailed deer was still a concern even after considerable efforts to prevent cattle interactions with white-tailed deer through on-farm mitigation and reduction in the deer population. Cattle farms test positive for M. bovis annually in our study area suggesting that the potential for an environmental source either on farms or in the surrounding landscape may contributing to new or re-infections with M. bovis. Our research provides an initial assessment of potential environmental factors that could be incorporated into additional modeling efforts as more knowledge of deer herd factors and cattle farm prevalence is documented. C1 [Walter, W. David] Penn State Univ, US Geol Survey, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Smith, Rick; Vanderklok, Mike] Michigan Dept Agr & Rural Dev, Anim Ind Div, Lansing, MI USA. [VerCauteren, Kurt C.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Walter, WD (reprint author), Penn State Univ, US Geol Survey, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM wdwalter@psu.edu FU National Wildlife Research Center of the United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services FX Funding for this research was provided by the National Wildlife Research Center of the United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 52 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 19 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 3 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 3 AR e90925 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0090925 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AC4CT UT WOS:000332468900158 PM 24595231 ER PT J AU Macarisin, D Patel, J Sharma, VK AF Macarisin, Dumitru Patel, Jitendra Sharma, Vijay K. TI Role of curli and plant cultivation conditions on Escherichia coli O157: H7 internalization into spinach grown on hydroponics and in soil SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Escherichia coli O157:H7; Internalization; Spinach; Produce contamination ID ENTERICA SEROVAR TYPHIMURIUM; CONTAMINATED IRRIGATION WATER; SALMONELLA-ENTERICA; BIOFILM FORMATION; FRESH PRODUCE; TOMATO PLANTS; LETTUCE; ATTACHMENT; EXPRESSION; SURFACES AB Contamination of fresh produce could represent a public health concern because no terminal kill step is applied during harvest or at the processing facility to kill pathogens. In addition, once contaminated, pathogens may internalize into produce and be protected from disinfectants during the postharvest processing step. The objective of the current study was to determine the potential internalization of Escherichia coli O157:H7 into spinach roots and subsequent transfer to the edible parts. Because curli are involved in biofilm formation, we investigated whether their presence influence the internalization of E. coli O157:H7 into spinach. Further, the effect of the spinach cultivar on E. coli O157:H7 internalization was evaluated. Spinach plants were grown in contaminated soil as well as hydroponically to prevent mechanical wounding of the roots and inadvertent transfer of pathogens from the contamination source to the non-exposed plant surfaces. Results showed that E. coli O157:H7 could internalize into hydroponically grown intact spinach plants through the root system and move to the stem and leaf level. The incidence of internalization was significantly higher in hydroponically grown plants when roots were exposed to 7 log CFU/mL compared to those exposed to 5 log CFU/mL. The effect of cultivar on E. coli O157:H7 internalization was not significant (P > 0.05) for the analyzed spinach varieties, internalization incidences showing almost equal distribution between Space and Waitiki, 49.06% and 50.94% respectively. Wounding of the root system in hydroponically grown spinach increased the incidence of E. coli O157:H7 internalization and translocation to the edible portions of the plant. Experimental contamination of the plants grown in soil resulted in a greater number of internalization events then in those grown hydroponically, suggesting that E. coli O157:H7 internalization is dependent on root damage, which is more likely to occur when plants are grown in soil. Curli expression by E. coli O157:H7 had no significant effect on its root uptake by spinach plants. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Macarisin, Dumitru; Patel, Jitendra] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, BARC East, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Sharma, Vijay K.] USDA ARS NADC, Food Safety & Enter Pathogens Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Patel, J (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, BARC East, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 201, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jitu.patel@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture - National Institute of Food Safety and Agriculture - Organic Research and Extension Initiative Competitive Grant [2010-51300-2160] FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Agriculture - National Institute of Food Safety and Agriculture - Organic Research and Extension Initiative Competitive Grant # 2010-51300-2160. NR 33 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 6 U2 46 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1605 EI 1879-3460 J9 INT J FOOD MICROBIOL JI Int. J. Food Microbiol. PD MAR 3 PY 2014 VL 173 BP 48 EP 53 DI 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.12.004 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA AB0KZ UT WOS:000331482100008 PM 24412958 ER PT J AU Baranzoni, GM Fratamico, PM Rubio, F Glaze, T Bagi, LK Albonetti, S AF Baranzoni, Gian Marco Fratamico, Pina M. Rubio, Fernando Glaze, Thomas Bagi, Lori K. Albonetti, Sabrina TI Detection and isolation of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O104 from sprouts SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Shiga toxin-producing E. coli O104; Sprouts; Detection; Immunomagnetic separation; Antibodies; Latex beads ID HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC SYNDROME; REAL-TIME PCR; UNITED-STATES; GROUND-BEEF; INFECTIONS; OUTBREAK; STRAIN; VEGETABLES; PATHOGENS; GERMANY AB Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains belonging to serogroup O104 have been associated with sporadic cases of illness and have caused outbreaks associated with milk and sprouts. An outbreak that occurred in Europe in 2011 linked to fenugreek sprouts was caused by E. coli O104:H4 that had characteristics of an enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) but carried the gene that encoded for Shiga toxin 2. In this study, methods were developed for detection of this enteroaggregative STEC O104, as well as STEC O104 in sprouts. Multiplex PCR assays for enteroaggregative STEC O104:H4 targeted the stx(2), aggR, and wzx(104) genes, and for STEC O104 targeted the stx(1-2), ehxA, and wzx(104) genes. After incubating artificially contaminated sprouts at 4 degrees C for 48 h and overnight enrichment in modified buffered peptone water with pyruvate supplemented with three antibiotics (mBPWp), the pathogens were detected in all samples inoculated at a level of ca. 100 CFU/25 g. Several samples inoculated at lower concentrations of ca. 10 CFU/25 g were negative by the PCR assays, and this could have been due to cells not surviving or not being able to recover after the stress treatment at 4 degrees C for 48 h. For isolation of the pathogens, immunomagnetic separation (IMS) using magnetic beads coated with antibodies against O104 were employed, and this was followed by plating the beads onto mRBA and CHROMagar STEC O104 for isolation of E. coli O104:H4 and mRBA and CHROMagar STEC for isolation of E. coli O104:H7. Presumptive colonies were confirmed by agglutination using latex particles attached to antibodies against serogroup O104 and by the multiplex PCR assays. The methodologies described in this study for detection of enteroaggregative STEC O104:H4 and STEC O104 include the use of IMS and latex reagents for serogroup O104, and they enhance the ability to detect and isolate these pathogens from sprouts and potentially other foods, as well. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Fratamico, Pina M.; Bagi, Lori K.] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Baranzoni, Gian Marco; Albonetti, Sabrina] Univ Bologna, Dept Vet Med Sci, Ozzano Dellemilia, BO, Italy. [Rubio, Fernando; Glaze, Thomas] Abraxis LLC, Warminster, PA USA. RP Fratamico, PM (reprint author), ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM pina.fratamico@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 34 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1605 EI 1879-3460 J9 INT J FOOD MICROBIOL JI Int. J. Food Microbiol. PD MAR 3 PY 2014 VL 173 BP 99 EP 104 DI 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.12.020 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA AB0KZ UT WOS:000331482100014 PM 24413585 ER PT J AU Kagan, IA Flythe, MD AF Kagan, Isabelle A. Flythe, Michael D. TI Thin-layer Chromatographic (TLC) Separations and Bioassays of Plant Extracts to Identify Antimicrobial Compounds SO JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS LA English DT Article DE Chemistry; Issue 85; Thin-layer chromatography; bioautography; anaerobic bacteria; tetrazolium red; phenolic compounds; plant ID AMMONIA-PRODUCING BACTERIUM; RED-CLOVER; CLOSTRIDIUM-STICKLANDII; BIOAUTOGRAPHY AB A common screen for plant antimicrobial compounds consists of separating plant extracts by paper or thin-layer chromatography (PC or TLC), exposing the chromatograms to microbial suspensions (e.g. fungi or bacteria in broth or agar), allowing time for the microbes to grow in a humid environment, and visualizing zones with no microbial growth. The effectiveness of this screening method, known as bioautography, depends on both the quality of the chromatographic separation and the care taken with microbial culture conditions. This paper describes standard protocols for TLC and contact bioautography with a novel application to amino acid-fermenting bacteria. The extract is separated on flexible (aluminum-backed) silica TLC plates, and bands are visualized under ultraviolet (UV) light. Zones are cut out and incubated face down onto agar inoculated with the test microorganism. Inhibitory bands are visualized by staining the agar plates with tetrazolium red. The method is applied to the separation of red clover (Trifolium pratense cv. Kenland) phenolic compounds and their screening for activity against Clostridium sticklandii, a hyper ammonia-producing bacterium (HAB) that is native to the bovine rumen. The TLC methods apply to many types of plant extracts and other bacterial species (aerobic or anaerobic), as well as fungi, can be used as test organisms if culture conditions are modified to fit the growth requirements of the species. C1 [Kagan, Isabelle A.; Flythe, Michael D.] ARS, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, USDA, Washington, DC 20002 USA. RP Kagan, IA (reprint author), ARS, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, USDA, Washington, DC 20002 USA. EM isabelle.kagan@ars.usda.gov RI Flythe, Michael/F-2500-2010 OI Flythe, Michael/0000-0002-8868-9169 FU United States Department of Agriculture FX We thank the late Dr. Norm Taylor, Dept. Plant and Soil Science at the University of Kentucky, for allowing us to use samples from his red clover plots for this study. This project was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1 ALEWIFE CENTER, STE 200, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02140 USA SN 1940-087X J9 JOVE-J VIS EXP JI J. Vis. Exp. PD MAR PY 2014 IS 85 AR e51411 DI 10.3791/51411 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CA0KG UT WOS:000348606100061 ER PT J AU Beirn, LA Clarke, B Crouch, JA AF Beirn, L. A. Clarke, B. Crouch, J. A. TI Real-time PCR typing of Colletotrichum cereale from modern and historical collections SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Meeting of the Northeastern-Division of American-Phytopathological-Society (APS) CY OCT 23-25, 2013 CL Southbury, CT SP Amer Phytopathol Soc, NE Div C1 [Beirn, L. A.; Clarke, B.] Rutgers State Univ, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. [Crouch, J. A.] USDA ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD MAR PY 2014 VL 104 IS 3 SU 1 BP 1 EP 1 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AW5FS UT WOS:000346302000003 ER PT J AU Demers, J Crouch, J Castlebury, L AF Demers, J. Crouch, J. Castlebury, L. TI Real-time PCR detection of Puccinia chrysanthemi causing brown rust of chrysanthemum SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Meeting of the Northeastern-Division of American-Phytopathological-Society (APS) CY OCT 23-25, 2013 CL Southbury, CT SP Amer Phytopathol Soc, NE Div C1 [Demers, J.; Crouch, J.; Castlebury, L.] USDA ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD MAR PY 2014 VL 104 IS 3 SU 1 BP 2 EP 2 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AW5FS UT WOS:000346302000006 ER PT J AU Munck, IA Weimer, J Lombard, K Cox, KD AF Munck, I. A. Weimer, J. Lombard, K. Cox, K. D. TI White pine blister rust occurrence on cultivated resistant and immune Ribes varieties and the impact to local white pine resources SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Meeting of the Northeastern-Division of American-Phytopathological-Society (APS) CY OCT 23-25, 2013 CL Southbury, CT SP Amer Phytopathol Soc, NE Div C1 [Munck, I. A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Durham, NH USA. [Weimer, J.] NH Div Forests & Lands, Hillsboro, NH USA. [Lombard, K.] New Hampshire Div Forests & Lands, Hillsboro, NH USA. [Cox, K. D.] Cornell Univ, Geneva, NY USA. OI Munck, Isabel/0000-0001-6889-9196 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD MAR PY 2014 VL 104 IS 3 SU 1 BP 4 EP 4 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AW5FS UT WOS:000346302000018 ER PT J AU Rivera, Y Malapi-Wight, M Ismaiel, A Crouch, JA AF Rivera, Y. Malapi-Wight, M. Ismaiel, A. Crouch, J. A. TI Impatiens under attack: Genetic variability of the oomycete pathogen Plasmopara obducens in the US SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Meeting of the Northeastern-Division of American-Phytopathological-Society (APS) CY OCT 23-25, 2013 CL Southbury, CT SP Amer Phytopathol Soc, NE Div C1 [Rivera, Y.; Malapi-Wight, M.] Rutgers State Univ, USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD USA. [Ismaiel, A.; Crouch, J. A.] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD MAR PY 2014 VL 104 IS 3 SU 1 BP 5 EP 6 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AW5FS UT WOS:000346302000024 ER PT J AU Posner, ES Chew-Guevara, AA Mitre-Dieste, M Perez-Carrillo, E Heredia-Olea, E Wilson, JD Serna-Saldivar, SO AF Posner, Elieser S. Chew-Guevara, Ana A. Mitre-Dieste, Marcelo Perez-Carrillo, Esther Heredia-Olea, Erick Wilson, Jeff D. Serna-Saldivar, Sergio O. TI Generation of a Mixolab Profile After the Evaluation of the Functionality of Different Commercial Wheat Flours for Hot-Press Tortilla Production SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID TEXTURAL PROPERTIES; STORAGE; QUALITIES AB Refined wheat flours commercially produced by five different U.S. and Mexican wheat blends intended for tortilla production were tested for quality and then processed into tortillas through the hot-press forming procedure. Tortilla-making qualities of the flour samples were evaluated during dough handling, hot pressing, baking, and the first five days on the shelf at room temperature. The predominant variables that affected the flour tortilla performance were wet gluten content, alveograph W (220-303) and P/L (0.70-0.94) parameters, farinograph water absorption (57%) and stability (10.8-18.7 mm), starch damage (5.43-6.71%), and size distribution curves (uniform particle distribution). Flours produced from a blend of Dark Northern Spring (80%) and Mexican Rayon (20%) wheat had the highest water absorption, and tortillas obtained from this blend showed the highest diameter and lowest thickness. The whitest and best textured tortillas were obtained from the flour milled from three hard types of Mexican wheat blend. A Mixolab profile was generated from the best tortilla flours, those produced by mills 3 and 4. The Mixolab profile showed that a good flour for hot-press tortillas had a relatively lower absorption and short dough mix time compared with a bread flour and should have a significantly higher gluten compared with an all-purpose flour. Compared with bread flour, the tortilla flour had higher retrogradation and viscosity values. The Mixolab profile proved to be a good preliminary test to evaluate flours for hot-press tortillas. C1 [Posner, Elieser S.] ESP Int, Savyon, Israel. [Chew-Guevara, Ana A.; Perez-Carrillo, Esther; Heredia-Olea, Erick; Serna-Saldivar, Sergio O.] Tecnol Monterrey, Escuela Biotecnol & Alimentos, Ctr Biotecnol FEMSA, Monterrey 64849, NL, Mexico. [Mitre-Dieste, Marcelo] US Wheat Associates, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Wilson, Jeff D.] USDA ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Grain Qual & Struct Res Unit, Manhattan, KS USA. RP Serna-Saldivar, SO (reprint author), Tecnol Monterrey, Escuela Biotecnol & Alimentos, Ctr Biotecnol FEMSA, Av Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey 64849, NL, Mexico. EM sserna@itesm.mx OI Perez Carrillo, Esther/0000-0003-2636-6281; Heredia, Erick/0000-0001-8638-4401 NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 9 PU AACC INTERNATIONAL PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 EI 1943-3638 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 91 IS 2 BP 139 EP 145 DI 10.1094/CCHEM-05-13-0102-R PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AR7SG UT WOS:000343779300006 ER PT J AU Newell, MA Kim, HJ Asoro, FG Lauter, AM White, PJ Scott, MP Jannink, JL AF Newell, Mark A. Kim, Hyun Jung Asoro, Franco G. Lauter, Adrienne Moran White, Pamela J. Scott, M. Paul Jannink, Jean-Luc TI Microenzymatic Evaluation of Oat (Avena sativa L.) beta-Glucan for High-Throughput Phenotyping SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; IN-VITRO; GLYCEMIC INDEX; BARLEY; MALT; SELECTION; FLOURS; LINES AB Oats (Avena saliva L.) have received significant attention for their positive and consistent health benefits when consumed as a whole grain food, attributed in part to mixed-linkage (1-3,1-4)-beta-D-glucan (referred to as beta-glucan). Unfortunately, the standard enzymatic method of measurement for oat beta-glucan is costly and does not provide the high-throughput capability needed for plant breeding in which thousands of samples are measured over a short period of time. The objective of this research was to test a microenzymatic approach for high-throughput phenotyping of oat beta-glucan. Fifty North American elite lines were chosen to span the range of possible values encountered in elite oats. Pearson and Spearman correlations (r) ranged from 0.81 to 0.86 between the two methods. Although the microenzymatic method did contain bias compared with the results for the standard streamlined method, this bias did not substantially decrease its ability to determine beta-glucan content. In addition to a substantial decrease in cost, the microenzymatic approach took as little as 6% of the time compared with the streamlined method. Therefore, the microenzymatic method for beta-glucan evaluation is an alternative method that can enhance high-throughput phenotyping in oat breeding programs. C1 [Newell, Mark A.] Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA. [Kim, Hyun Jung] Jeju Natl Univ, Dept Food Bioengn, Cheju 690756, South Korea. [Asoro, Franco G.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Lauter, Adrienne Moran; Scott, M. Paul] USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [White, Pamela J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Jannink, Jean-Luc] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Scott, MP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM Paul.Scott@ars.usda.gov; JeanLuc.Jannink@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-NIFA [2008-55301-18746] FX Funding for this work was provided by USDA-NIFA grant number 2008-55301-18746, "Association Genetics of Beta-Glucan Metabolism to Enhance Oat Germplasm for Food and Nutritional Function." NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 9 PU AACC INTERNATIONAL PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 EI 1943-3638 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 91 IS 2 BP 183 EP 188 DI 10.1094/CCHEM-06-13-0111-R PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AR7SG UT WOS:000343779300012 ER PT J AU Labate, JA Robertson, LD Strickler, SR Mueller, LA AF Labate, Joanne A. Robertson, Larry D. Strickler, Susan R. Mueller, Lukas A. TI Genetic structure of the four wild tomato species in the Solanum peruvianum s.l. species complex SO GENOME LA English DT Article DE genotyping by sequencing; single nucleotide polymorphism; geographic information systems; selection; population genetics ID L. SECTION LYCOPERSICON; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; GENUS LYCOPERSICON; MILL. WETTST.; GENOME SCANS; RAD MARKERS; DIVERGENCE; POLYMORPHISM; ESCULENTUM AB The most diverse wild tomato species Solanum peruvianum sensu lato (s.l.) has been reclassified into four separate species: Solanum peruvianum sensu stricto (s.s.), Solanum corneliomuelleri, Solanum huaylasense, and Solanum arcanum. However, reproductive barriers among the species are incomplete and this can lead to discrepancies regarding genetic identity of germplasm. We used genotyping by sequencing (GBS) of S. peruvianum s.l., Solanum neorickii, and Solanum chmielewskii to develop tens of thousands of mapped single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to analyze genetic relationships within and among species. The data set was condensed to 14 043 SNPs with no missing data across 46 sampled plants. Origins of accessions were mapped using geographical information systems (GIS). Isolation by distance, pairwise genetic distances, and number of clusters were estimated using population genetics approaches. Isolation by distance was strongly supported, especially between interspecific pairs. Eriopersicon (S. peruvianum s.s., S. corneliomuelleri, S. huaylasense) and Arcanum (S. arcanum, S. neorickii, S. chmielewskii) species groups were genetically distinct, except for S. huaylasense which showed 50% membership proportions in each group. Solanum peruvianum and S. corneliomuelleri were not significantly differentiated from each other. Many thousands of SNP markers were identified that could potentially be used to distinguish pairs of species, including S. peruvianum versus S. corneliomuelleri, if they are verified on larger numbers of samples. Diagnostic markers will be valuable for delimiting morphologically similar and interfertile species in germplasm management. Approximately 12% of the SNPs rejected a genome-wide test of selective neutrality based on differentiation among species of S. peruvianum s.l. These are candidates for more comprehensive studies of microevolutionary processes within this species complex. C1 [Labate, Joanne A.; Robertson, Larry D.] ARS, Plant Genet Resources Unit, USDA, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Strickler, Susan R.; Mueller, Lukas A.] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Labate, JA (reprint author), ARS, Plant Genet Resources Unit, USDA, 630 W North St, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. EM joanne.labate@ars.usda.gov FU CRIS Project [1910-21000-024-00D]; Microsoft Corporation FX We thank Susan M. Sheffer, William Garman, Jonathan Spencer, and Paul Kisly for excellent technical support; Aureliano Bombarely for providing an R script; and the C. M. Rick Tomato Genetics Resource Center for providing seed samples. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture or the Agricultural Research Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. This research was supported by CRIS Project No. 1910-21000-024-00D. Part of this work was carried out using the resources of the Computational Biology Service Unit from Cornell University, which is partially funded by Microsoft Corporation. NR 70 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 6 U2 47 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0831-2796 EI 1480-3321 J9 GENOME JI Genome PD MAR PY 2014 VL 57 IS 3 BP 169 EP 180 DI 10.1139/gen-2014-0003 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA AP1JN UT WOS:000341825300005 PM 24884691 ER PT J AU Garabedian, JE Moorman, CE Peterson, MN Kilgo, JC AF Garabedian, James E. Moorman, Christopher E. Peterson, M. Nils Kilgo, John C. TI Systematic review of the influence of foraging habitat on red-cockaded woodpecker reproductive success SO WILDLIFE BIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID CAVITY-TREE SELECTION; LONGLEAF PINE; SOUTH-CAROLINA; ARTHROPODS; BEHAVIOR; QUALITY; GROWTH; LOUISIANA; ECOSYSTEM; MIDSTORY AB Relationships between foraging habitat and reproductive success provide compelling evidence of the contribution of specific vegetative features to foraging habitat quality, a potentially limiting factor for many animal populations. For example, foraging habitat quality likely will gain importance in the recovery of the threatened red-cockaded woodpecker Picoides borealis (RCW) in the USA as immediate nesting constraints are mitigated. Several researchers have characterized resource selection by foraging RCWs, but emerging research linking reproductive success (e.g. clutch size, nestling and fledgling production, and group size) and foraging habitat features has yet to be synthesized. Therefore, we reviewed peer-refereed scientific literature and technical resources (e.g. books, symposia proceedings, and technical reports) that examined RCW foraging ecology, foraging habitat, or demography to evaluate evidence for effects of the key foraging habitat features described in the species' recovery plan on group reproductive success. Fitness-based habitat models suggest foraging habitat with low to intermediate pine Pinus spp. densities, presence of large and old pines, minimal midstory development, and herbaceous groundcover support more productive RCW groups. However, the relationships between some foraging habitat features and RCW reproductive success are not well supported by empirical data. In addition, few regression models account for >30% of variation in reproductive success, and unstandardized multiple and simple linear regression coefficient estimates typically range from -0.100 to 0.100, suggesting ancillary variables and perhaps indirect mechanisms influence reproductive success. These findings suggest additional research is needed to address uncertainty in relationships between foraging habitat features and RCW reproductive success and in the mechanisms underlying those relationships. C1 [Garabedian, James E.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Moorman, Christopher E.; Peterson, M. Nils] N Carolina State Univ, Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol Program, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Kilgo, John C.] USDA, Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, New Ellenton, SC 29809 USA. RP Garabedian, JE (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Box 7646, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM jegarabe@ncsu.edu FU US Dept of Energy, Savannah River Operations Office through the USDA Forest Service Savannah River [DE-AI09-00SR22188, SRS 10-CS-11083601-003] FX We thank R. Costa, T. B. Wigley and J. I. Blake for commenting on previous versions of this manuscript. Funding was provided by the US Dept of Energy, Savannah River Operations Office through the USDA Forest Service Savannah River (Interagency Agreement DE-AI09-00SR22188) under Cooperative Agreement no. SRS 10-CS-11083601-003. NR 65 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 7 U2 25 PU WILDLIFE BIOLOGY PI RONDE PA C/O JAN BERTELSEN, GRENAAVEJ 14, KALO, DK-8410 RONDE, DENMARK SN 0909-6396 EI 1903-220X J9 WILDLIFE BIOL JI Wildlife Biol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 20 IS 1 BP 37 EP 46 DI 10.2981/wlb.13004 PG 10 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA AO9TS UT WOS:000341700900004 ER PT J AU Bukhari, A Roberts, SB Young, AJ McGraw, S Dallal, GE Das, SK AF Bukhari, Asma Roberts, Susan B. Young, Andrew J. McGraw, Susan Dallal, Gerard E. Das, Sal Krupa TI Pilot Study to Determine Interest of Adult Civilian Dependents of Active Duty Military Personnel in Participation in a Weight Control Program SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID LIFE-STYLE INTERVENTION; PHYSICAL-FITNESS; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS; OBESITY; OVERWEIGHT; ENVIRONMENT; AMERICAN; SOLDIERS; BMI AB Adult civilian dependents of active duty military personnel (ADMP) may play a central role in influencing the home food environment and the risk of overweight and obesity in American Warfighters and military families. However, there is no information on whether this group would be receptive to weight control programs. We conducted a survey to determine the level of interest of adult civilian dependents of ADMP in participating in a group weight control program. Subjects were a convenience sample of 191 adult civilian dependents of ADMP (94% women, 6% men) based in Massachusetts and aged 33.8 +/- 8.4 years, body mass index 25.5 +/- 5.5 kg/m(2). Overall, there was a significant effect of body mass index on interest in program participation (p = 0.004). Eighty five percent of overweight participants and 100% of obese participants reported being Moderately Likely or Very Likely to participate in a provided weight control program. In overweight and obese survey respondents there was no significant effect of ADMP rank on interest in program participation (p = 0.34). These findings suggest that overweight and obese adult civilian dependents of ADMP may be very receptive targets for programs to control overweight and obesity in military families. C1 [Bukhari, Asma; Young, Andrew J.; McGraw, Susan] USARIEM, Mil Nutr Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Roberts, Susan B.; Dallal, Gerard E.; Das, Sal Krupa] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Bukhari, A (reprint author), USARIEM, Mil Nutr Div, 15 Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 EI 1930-613X J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 179 IS 3 BP 254 EP 259 DI 10.7205/MELMED-D-13-00321 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AN7UJ UT WOS:000340806200008 PM 24594458 ER PT J AU Rabin, BM Shukitt-Hale, B Carrihill-Knoll, KL Gomes, SM AF Rabin, Bernard M. Shukitt-Hale, Barbara Carrihill-Knoll, Kirsty L. Gomes, Stacey M. TI Comparison of the Effects of Partial- or Whole-Body Exposures to O-16 Particles on Cognitive Performance in Rats SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID OBJECT-RECOGNITION MEMORY; FE-56 IRRADIATION; DOPAMINE DEPLETIONS; HIPPOCAMPAL DAMAGE; NEUROTOXIC LESIONS; IONIZING-RADIATION; MAZE PERFORMANCE; BRAIN; SPACE; INFLAMMATION AB Studies using a ground-based system (NASA Space Radiation Laboratory) to examine the effects of exposure to high-energy charged particles or HZE particles on cognitive performance have interchangeably used whole-body exposures or exposures restricted to the head of the subject. For this study, we hypothesized that different types of exposure such as whole body vs. head only vs. body only might modulate the impact of irradiation on cognitive performance in different ways with the resulting cognitive performance outcomes being either independent of exposure type or strongly dependent on exposure type with each producing performance outcomes. To test these possibilities, three groups of rats were exposed to O-16 particles (1,000 MeV/n): (1) head only; (2) body only; (3) whole body. Cognitive performance was measured using the elevated plus-maze, novel object recognition, spatial location memory and operant responding on an ascending fixed-ratio schedule. The results indicated that the performance of the rats on the spatial location memory task was markedly different when they received head-only irradiation compared to whole-body exposure. For the operant responding task, irradiation of the whole body resulted in a more severe performance decrement than exposures restricted to the head. The results are discussed in terms of nontargeted effects of HZE particles and the findings suggest that studies that utilize different patterns of exposure may not be directly comparable and that astronauts may be at a greater risk for HZE particle-induced cognitive deficits than previously thought. (C) 2014 by Radiation Research Society C1 [Rabin, Bernard M.; Carrihill-Knoll, Kirsty L.] UMBC, Dept Psychol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Shukitt-Hale, Barbara; Gomes, Stacey M.] Tufts Univ, USDA ARS, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Rabin, BM (reprint author), UMBC, Dept Psychol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. EM rabin@umbc.edu FU NASA [NNX08AM66G, NNX13AB73G] FX This work was made possible with the following grants from NASA: NNX08AM66G and NNX13AB73G NR 50 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E TENTH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0033-7587 EI 1938-5404 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 181 IS 3 BP 251 EP 257 DI 10.1667/RR13469.1 PG 7 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA AO4KR UT WOS:000341307200003 PM 24611658 ER PT J AU Clark, JR Fin, CE AF Clark, John R. Fin, Chad E. TI BLACKBERRY CULTIVATION IN THE WORLD SO REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FRUTICULTURA LA English DT Article DE blackberry; production; technology ID THORNLESS BLACKBERRY AB Blackberries have now become a common fruit in marketing outlets, particularly in North America and the European Union. Blackberries have enjoyed expansion due to a combination of factors including improved cultivars, expanded marketing efforts and fruit availability, and an overall increase in berry consumption, especially as fresh fruit, in many areas of the world. It is estimated that cultivated blackberries are grown in excess of 25,000 ha worldwide. World production, and cultivation are commented. The rapid expansion of the blackberry industry has been remarkable. New, higher quality, cultivars, modified production practices and new production regions have all combined to make this crop one that consumers expect to be available fresh year-round in their grocery stores. As new cultivars are developed that combine the industry's need for high quality arrivals with increased flavors and expanded dates of harvest, the blackberry industry should expand further. C1 [Clark, John R.] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Fin, Chad E.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Lab, Corvallis, OR USA. RP Clark, JR (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM jrclark@clark.edu NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 6 PU SOC BRASILEIRA FRUTICULTURA PI JABOTICABAL SP PA VIA ACESSO PROF PAULO DONATO CASTELLANE, S-N, JABOTICABAL SP, 14884-900, BRAZIL SN 0100-2945 J9 REV BRAS FRUTIC JI Rev. Bras. Frutic. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 36 IS 1 BP 46 EP 57 DI 10.1590/0100-2945-445/13 PG 12 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA AN6ZQ UT WOS:000340748400006 ER PT J AU Castillo, JM Grewell, BJ Pickart, A Bortolus, A Pena, C Figueroa, E Sytsma, M AF Castillo, Jesus M. Grewell, Brenda J. Pickart, Andrea Bortolus, Alejandro Pena, Carlos Figueroa, Enrique Sytsma, Mark TI PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY OF INVASIVE SPARTINA DENSIFLORA (POACEAE) ALONG A BROAD LATITUDINAL GRADIENT ON THE PACIFIC COAST OF NORTH AMERICA SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE anoxia; foliar traits; global climate change; invasive plants; phenotypic plasticity; radiation quality; salinity; salt marshes; sediment texture ID CORDGRASS SPARTINA; PLANT INVASIONS; FAR-RED; GAS-EXCHANGE; SALT MARSHES; POPULATIONS; GROWTH; RESPONSES; HABITATS; MARITIMA AB Premise of the study: Phenotypic acclimation of individual plants and genetic differentiation by natural selection within invasive populations are two potential mechanisms that may confer fitness advantages and allow plants to cope with environmental variation. The invasion of Spartina densiflora across a wide latitudinal gradient from California (USA) to British Columbia (Canada) provides a natural model system to study the potential mechanisms underlying the response of invasive populations to substantial variation in climate and other environmental variables. Methods: We examined morphological and physiological leaf traits of Spartina densiflora plants in populations from invaded estuarine sites across broad latitudinal and climate gradients along the Pacific west coast of North America and in favorable conditions in a common garden experiment. Key results: Our results show that key foliar traits varied widely among populations. Most foliar traits measured in the field were lower than would be expected under ideal growing conditions. Photosynthetic pigment concentrations at higher latitudes were lower than those observed at lower latitudes. Greater leaf rolling, reduced leaf lengths, and lower chlorophyll and higher carbon concentrations were observed with anoxic sediments. Lower chlorophyll to carotenoids ratios and reduced nitrogen concentrations were correlated with sediment salinity. Our results suggest that the variations of foliar traits recorded in the field are a plastic phenotypic response that was not sustained under common garden conditions. Conclusions: Spartina densiflora shows wide differences in its foliar traits in response to environmental heterogeneity in salt marshes, which appears to be the result of phenotypic plasticity rather than genetic differentiation. C1 [Castillo, Jesus M.; Pena, Carlos; Figueroa, Enrique] Univ Seville, Dept Biol Vegetal & Ecol, Seville 41080, Spain. [Grewell, Brenda J.] Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Pickart, Andrea] Humboldt Bay Natl Wildlife Refuge, Arcata, CA 95551 USA. [Bortolus, Alejandro] Ctr Nacl Patagon, Unidad Invest Ecol Terr, RA-9120 Chubut, Argentina. [Sytsma, Mark] Portland State Univ, Ctr Lakes & Reservoirs, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Castillo, JM (reprint author), Univ Seville, Dept Biol Vegetal & Ecol, Seville 41080, Spain. EM manucas@us.es RI Figueroa Clemente, Manuel Enrique /L-7577-2014; OI Figueroa Clemente, Manuel Enrique /0000-0002-8806-4054; Castillo, Jesus M/0000-0003-1949-4349 NR 74 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 38 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA SN 0002-9122 EI 1537-2197 J9 AM J BOT JI Am. J. Bot. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 101 IS 3 BP 448 EP 458 DI 10.3732/ajb.1400014 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AN2YO UT WOS:000340452200006 PM 24607513 ER PT J AU Vitaliano, SN Soares, HS Pena, HFD Dubey, JP Gennari, SM AF Vitaliano, Sergio Netto Soares, Herbert Sousa de Jesus Pena, Hilda Fatima Dubey, Jitender Prakash Gennari, Solange Maria TI SEROLOGIC EVIDENCE OF TOXOPLASMA GONDII INFECTION IN WILD BIRDS AND MAMMALS FROM SOUTHEAST BRAZIL SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Antibodies; Brazil; modified agglutination test; Toxoplasma gondii; wild birds; wild mammals ID NEOSPORA-CANINUM; SEROPREVALENCE; ANTIBODIES AB In this study, serum samples of 53 wild animals from two different states from the southeast region of Brazil were analyzed for the presence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies by the modified agglutination test (MAT), with a cut-off of 1 : 5 for birds and of 1 : 25 for mammals. Out of the sampled animals, 27 were birds and 26 were mammals, and from this total, 83% (n = 44) were free-living animals. Antibodies were found in 13 mammals, from which 11 were free-living animals, and in five birds, all of which were free-living. In this study, T. gondii antibodies were detected in four bird species (crested seriema, Cariama cristata; buff-necked ibis, Theristicus caudatus; picazuro pigeon, Patagioenas picazuro; and burrowing owl, Athene cunicularia) and in a giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) for the first time. C1 [Vitaliano, Sergio Netto; Soares, Herbert Sousa; de Jesus Pena, Hilda Fatima; Gennari, Solange Maria] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, BR-05508270 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Vitaliano, Sergio Netto] Fac Metropolitanas Unidas UniFMU, Curso Med Vet, BR-05690050 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Dubey, Jitender Prakash] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Gennari, SM (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Ave Prof Doutor Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, BR-05508270 Sao Paulo, Brazil. EM sgennari@usp.br RI Vitaliano, Sergio/K-6339-2012 OI Vitaliano, Sergio/0000-0002-9852-7219 FU Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP); Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) FX This study was supported by the Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) and the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq). S.N. Vitaliano and H. S. Soares possessed a scholarship from FAPESP. S. M. Gennari and H. F. J. Pena are in receipt of a scholarship from CNPq. The authors also thank Dr. Andre Luiz Quagliatto Santos and Dr. Karin Werther for kindly supplying the blood samples and Dr. Marcelo Bahia Labruna for the assistance in statistical analysis. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER ASSOC ZOO VETERINARIANS PI YULEE PA 581705 WHITE OAK ROAD, YULEE, FL 32097 USA SN 1042-7260 EI 1937-2825 J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 45 IS 1 BP 197 EP 199 PG 3 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AM2AA UT WOS:000339649200031 PM 24712186 ER PT J AU Schreiner, RP Scagel, CF Lee, J AF Schreiner, R. Paul Scagel, Carolyn F. Lee, Jungmin TI N, P, and K Supply to Pinot noir Grapevines: Impact on Berry Phenolics and Free Amino Acids SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ENOLOGY AND VITICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Vitis vinifera; berry chemistry; anthocyanins; polyphenolics; YAN ID VIRUSES GLRAV-2 AND-3; FRUIT COMPOSITION; CV MERLOT; WINE; NITROGEN; FERTILIZER; NUTRITION; TANNINS; QUALITY; FLAVOR AB Understanding the direct role that macronutrient supply (N, P, and K) has on berry chemistry was evaluated in Pinot noir grapevines grown in sand culture. Self-rooted Pinot noir vines were grown for three years with either full nutrition (Control) or three reduced levels of either N, P, or K supply while holding all other nutrients constant. Vines were managed to minimize differences in vine water status (altering irrigation to achieve similar daily soil moisture content) and fruit cluster solar exposure (altering leaf pulling to achieve similar cluster irradiance) due to varying nutrient supply so that indirect effects on berry chemistry could be largely eliminated. Berry chemistry was evaluated in the second and third years after different nutrient supply treatments were imposed. Results showed that low N, but not low P or K, altered berry free amino acid (FAA) and phenolic profiles. Low N supply reduced FAA and yeast assimilable nitrogen (YAN) in both years by up to 70% and altered certain FAAs more than others, thus changing berry FAA profile. The concentration of sugars, anthocyanins, and flavonol-glycosides increased in low N vines during the third season, but the increase in sugars and anthocyanins was attributed to the decline in berry size that year. Condensed tannins and total phenolic acids were increased in low N vines across both years, independent of changes in berry size. Results indicated that low N supply altered YAN to the greatest degree, while anthocyanin enhancement did not occur until yield and berry size were also reduced. Increased concentrations of tannins and phenolic acids in berries occurred in response to low N supply independent of reductions in yield and berry size. C1 [Schreiner, R. Paul; Scagel, Carolyn F.] ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Lee, Jungmin] ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Lab, Parma, ID 83660 USA. RP Schreiner, RP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Lab, 3420 NW Orchard Ave, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM Paul.Schreiner@ars.usda.gov RI Lee, Jungmin/G-6555-2013 OI Lee, Jungmin/0000-0002-8660-9444 FU Northwest Center for Small Fruits Research; USDA-ARS CRIS [5358-21000-042-00D, 5358-21000-041-00D] FX This project was funded in part by the Northwest Center for Small Fruits Research and by USDA-ARS CRIS projects 5358-21000-042-00D and 5358-21000-041-00D. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U. S. Department of Agriculture. The authors thank Matthew Scott and Christopher Rennaker for technical assistance. NR 33 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 9 U2 30 PU AMER SOC ENOLOGY VITICULTURE PI DAVIS PA PO BOX 1855, DAVIS, CA 95617-1855 USA SN 0002-9254 EI 1943-7749 J9 AM J ENOL VITICULT JI Am. J. Enol. Vitic. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 65 IS 1 BP 43 EP 49 DI 10.5344/ajev.2013.13037 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Agriculture GA AL1ZG UT WOS:000338924900003 ER PT J AU DiLeo, MV den Bakker, M Chu, EY Hoekenga, OA AF DiLeo, Matthew V. den Bakker, Meghan Chu, Elly Yiyi Hoekenga, Owen A. TI An Assessment of the Relative Influences of Genetic Background, Functional Diversity at Major Regulatory Genes, and Transgenic Constructs on the Tomato Fruit Metabolome SO PLANT GENOME LA English DT Article ID MADS-BOX GENE; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; HYBRID TOMATO; GM FOOD; WHEAT; TRANSCRIPTOME; INFORMATION; VARIETIES; BIOLOGY; PARENT AB While the greatest strength of systems biology may be to measure tens of thousands of variables across different genotypes, this simultaneously presents an enormous challenge to statistical analysis that cannot be completely solved with conventional approaches that identify and rank differences. Here we examine a diverse panel of conventional and transgenic, field-grown tomato fruits (Solanum lycopersicum L.) by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) metabolic fingerprinting. We used a progression of statistics to examine phenotypic variation observed. While clear trends were found by principal component analysis (PCA) related to genetic background and ripeness, it could not detect differences between transgenic genotypes and their nontransgenic parent variety. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), a supervised method, identified 15 metabolic features of potential interest, but only five were significantly different between the transgenic lines and their nontransgenic parent. Weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) recognized relationships among these features and others, suggesting that a small suite of highly correlated compounds accumulated to significantly lower levels in the transgenic genotypes. We assert that metabolic fingerprinting with a series of statistical methods is an efficient and powerful approach to examine both large and small genetic effects on phenotypes of high value or interest. C1 [Hoekenga, Owen A.] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. ARS, USDA, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Hoekenga, OA (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Tower Rd, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM hoekenga@cornell.edu FU NSF-REU [0756560] FX We thank Dr. James Giovannoni, Dr. Julia Vrebalov, Dr. Nigel Gapper, and Dr. Stuart Krasnoff for helpful discussions and donations of research materials. We acknowledge and appreciate the assistance provided by Dr. Joyce van Eck and Ms. Patricia Keen for plant transformation, Dr. Sheng Zhang and Mr. Robert Sherwood of the Cornell University Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Core Facility for assistance with the 2008 tomato field profiling, Dr. Rayko Halitschke and Dr. Andre Kessler of the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology at Cornell University for assistance with the 2009 field profiling, plant care provided by the greenhouse staff at the Boyce Thompson Institute and farm staff of the Thompson Research Farm of Cornell University, and Dr. Martin de Vos and Dr. Jesse Munkvold for their critiques of this manuscript. We give special thanks to Ms. Victoria Hodgkinson, Ms. Lauren Spencer, Ms. Elizabeth Troyer, and Ms. Erica Bishop for expert technical assistance. Ms. Bishop was supported by an NSF-REU internship during the summer of 2009 (DBI# 0756560 to G. Jander, Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, and M. Scanlon, Cornell University). NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 14 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1940-3372 J9 PLANT GENOME-US JI Plant Genome PD MAR PY 2014 VL 7 IS 1 DI 10.3835/plantgenome2013.06.0021 PG 16 WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA AL0RG UT WOS:000338833800001 ER PT J AU Gore, MA Fang, DD Poland, JA Zhang, JF Percy, RG Cantrell, RG Thyssen, G Lipka, AE AF Gore, Michael A. Fang, David D. Poland, Jesse A. Zhang, Jinfa Percy, Richard G. Cantrell, Roy G. Thyssen, Gregory Lipka, Alexander E. TI Linkage Map Construction and Quantitative Trait Locus Analysis of Agronomic and Fiber Quality Traits in Cotton SO PLANT GENOME LA English DT Article ID ASSOCIATION MAPPING POPULATION; GOSSYPIUM-HIRSUTUM; GENETIC DIVERSITY; UPLAND COTTON; MAIZE; EVOLUTION; GENOME; REGISTRATION; CULTIVARS; HISTORY AB The superior fiber properties of Gossypium barbadense L. serve as a source of novel variation for improving fiber quality in Upland cotton (G. hirsutum L.), but introgression from G. barbadense has been largely unsuccessful due to hybrid breakdown and a lack of genetic and genomic resources. In an effort to overcome these limitations, we constructed a linkage map and conducted a quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis of 10 agronomic and fiber quality traits in a recombinant inbred mapping population derived from a cross between TM-1, an Upland cotton line, and NM24016, an elite G. hirsutum line with stabilized introgression from G. barbadense. The linkage map consisted of 429 simple-sequence repeat (SSR) and 412 genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS)-based single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) marker loci that covered half of the tetraploid cotton genome. Notably, the 841 marker loci were unevenly distributed among the 26 chromosomes of tetraploid cotton. The 10 traits evaluated on the TM-1 x NM24016 population in a multienvironment trial were highly heritable, and most of the fiber traits showed considerable transgressive variation. Through the QTL analysis, we identified a total of 28 QTLs associated with the 10 traits. Our study provides a novel resource that can be used by breeders and geneticists for the genetic improvement of agronomic and fiber quality traits in Upland cotton. C1 [Gore, Michael A.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Fang, David D.; Thyssen, Gregory] USDA ARS, Cotton Fiber Biosci Res Unit, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Poland, Jesse A.] USDA ARS, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, Manhattan, KS USA. [Poland, Jesse A.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Zhang, Jinfa] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Plant & Environm Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Percy, Richard G.] USDA ARS, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, Crop Germplasm Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Cantrell, Roy G.] Monsanto Co, Chesterfield, MO 63017 USA. [Lipka, Alexander E.] Cornell Univ, Inst Genom Divers, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Gore, MA (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM mag87@cornell.edu OI fang, david/0000-0003-0036-5459; Poland, Jesse/0000-0002-7856-1399 FU USDA-ARS; Cotton Incorporated FX We thank past members of the Percy, Zhang, and Cantrell laboratories for their assistance in phenotypic data collection and members of the Gore, Fang, and Poland laboratories for DNA isolation, SSR genotyping, and GBS library construction. This work was supported by the USDA-ARS and Cotton Incorporated. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 57 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 41 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1940-3372 J9 PLANT GENOME-US JI Plant Genome PD MAR PY 2014 VL 7 IS 1 DI 10.3835/plantgenome2013.07.0023 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA AL0RG UT WOS:000338833800002 ER PT J AU Letta, T Olivera, P Maccaferri, M Jin, Y Ammar, K Badebo, A Salvi, S Noli, E Crossa, J Tuberosa, R AF Letta, Tesfaye Olivera, Pablo Maccaferri, Marco Jin, Yue Ammar, Karim Badebo, Ayele Salvi, Silvio Noli, Enrico Crossa, Jose Tuberosa, Roberto TI Association Mapping Reveals Novel Stem Rust Resistance Loci in Durum Wheat at the Seedling Stage SO PLANT GENOME LA English DT Article ID F-SP TRITICI; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; PUCCINIA-GRAMINIS; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; WINTER-WHEAT; PCR MARKERS; AESTIVUM L.; RACE TTKS; PLANTS AB Wheat stem rust rapidly evolves new virulence to resistance genes. Recently emerged races in East Africa, such as TTKSK (or Ug99), possess broad virulence to durum cultivars, and only a limited number of genes provide resistance. An association mapping (AM) study conducted on 183 durum wheat accessions has allowed us to identify 41 quantitative trait loci (QTLs; determination coefficient [R-2] values from 1.1 to 23.1%) for seedling resistance to one or more of four highly virulent stem rust races: TRTTF, TTTTF, TTKSK (Ug99), and JRCQC, two of which (TRTTF and JRCQC) were isolated from Ethiopia. Among these loci, 24 are novel, while the remaining 17 overlapped with loci previously shown to provide field resistance in Ethiopia and/or chromosome regions known to harbor designated stem rust resistance designated loci (Sr). The identified loci were either effective against multiple races or race specific, particularly for race JRCQC. Our results highlight that stem rust resistance in durum wheat is governed in part by loci for resistance across multiple races, and in part by race-specific ones (23 and 18, respectively). Collectively, these results provide useful information to improve the effectiveness of marker-assisted selection towards the release of durum wheat cultivars with durable stem rust resistance. C1 [Letta, Tesfaye; Maccaferri, Marco; Salvi, Silvio; Noli, Enrico; Tuberosa, Roberto] Univ Bologna, DipSA, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Olivera, Pablo; Jin, Yue] USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Ammar, Karim; Crossa, Jose] CIMMYT, Texcoco 56130, Mexico. [Badebo, Ayele] Debre Zeit Agr Res Ctr, Debre Zeit, Ethiopia. [Letta, Tesfaye] Sinana Agr Res Ctr, Bale Robe, Ethiopia. RP Letta, T (reprint author), Univ Bologna, DipSA, Viale Fanin 44, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. EM tesfayeletta@gmail.com RI Tuberosa, Roberto/A-2781-2016; OI Tuberosa, Roberto/0000-0001-9143-9569; Crossa, Jose/0000-0001-9429-5855 FU Beachell-Borlaug International Scholar Initiative; AGER-Agroalimentare e Ricerca foundation FX The financial contributions of the Beachell-Borlaug International Scholar Initiative to support Tesfaye L. Dugo, and the AGER-Agroalimentare e Ricerca foundation, "From Seed to Pasta" project, are gratefully acknowledged. NR 67 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 19 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1940-3372 J9 PLANT GENOME-US JI Plant Genome PD MAR PY 2014 VL 7 IS 1 DI 10.3835/plantgenome2013.08.0026 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA AL0RG UT WOS:000338833800003 ER PT J AU Mazaheri, M Kianian, PMA Mergoum, M Valentini, GL Seetan, R Pirseyedi, SM Kumar, A Gu, YQ Stein, N Kubalakova, M Dolezel, J Denton, AM Kianian, SF AF Mazaheri, Mona Kianian, Penny M. A. Mergoum, Mohamed Valentini, Giorgio L. Seetan, Raed Pirseyedi, Seyed M. Kumar, Ajay Gu, Yong Q. Stein, Nils Kubalakova, Marie Dolezel, Jaroslav Denton, Anne M. Kianian, Shahryar F. TI Transposable Element Junctions in Marker Development and Genomic Characterization of Barley SO PLANT GENOME LA English DT Article ID CHROMOSOME 3B; BREAD WHEAT; EVOLUTION; SEQUENCE; TRITICEAE; GENES; POLYMORPHISM; REGIONS; CLONES; MAIZE AB Barley is a model plant in genomic studies of Triticeae species. However, barley's large genome size and high repetitive sequence content complicate the whole-genome sequencing. The majority of the barley genome is composed of transposable elements (TEs). In this study, TE repeat junctions (RJs) were used to develop a large-scale molecular marker platform, as a prerequisite to genome assembly. A total of 10.22 Gb of barley nonassembled 454 sequencing data were screened with RJPrimers pipeline. In total, 9,881,561 TE junctions were identified. From detected RJs, 400,538 polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based RJ markers (RJMs) were designed across the genome, with an average of 39 markers/Mb. The utility of designed markers was tested using a random subset of RJMs. Over 94% of the markers successfully amplified amplicons, among which similar to 90% were genome specific. In addition to marker design, identified RJs were utilized to detect 1190,885 TEs across the genome. In gene-poor regions of the genome Gypsy elements comprised the majority of TEs (similar to 65%), while in gene-rich regions Gypsy, Copia, and Mariner were the main transposons, each representing an average similar to 23% of total TEs. The numerous RJ primer pairs developed in this study will be a valuable resource for barley genomic studies including genomic selection, fine mapping, and genome assembly. In addition, the results of this study show that characterizing RJs provides insight into TE composition of species without a sequenced genome but for which short-read sequence data is available. C1 [Mazaheri, Mona; Mergoum, Mohamed; Pirseyedi, Seyed M.; Kumar, Ajay] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Kianian, Penny M. A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Hort Sci, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Valentini, Giorgio L.] Univ Luxembourg, Fac Sci Technol & Commun, L-1359 Luxembourg, Luxembourg. [Seetan, Raed; Denton, Anne M.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Gu, Yong Q.] USDA ARS, PWA, WRRC GGD, Albany, CA USA. [Stein, Nils] Leibniz Inst Plant Genet & Crop Plant Res IPK, D-06466 Gatersleben, Germany. [Kubalakova, Marie; Dolezel, Jaroslav] Inst Expt Bot, Ctr Reg Hana Biotechnol & Agr Res, CZ-77200 Olomouc, Czech Republic. [Kianian, Shahryar F.] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Kianian, SF (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. EM shahryar.kianian@ars.usda.gov RI Dolezel, Jaroslav/B-7716-2008; Kubalakova, Marie/F-8269-2014; OI Dolezel, Jaroslav/0000-0002-6263-0492; Mazaheri, Mona/0000-0001-6319-3725 FU North Dakota Wheat Commission; ND-EPSCoR program; National Science Foundation, Plant Genome Research Program (NSF-PGRP) [IOS-0822100]; Ministry of Education, Youth, and Sports of the Czech Republic; European Regional Development Fund (Operational Programme Research and Development for Innovations) [ED0007/01/01] FX We would like to thank Drs. Michael Christoffers and David Horvath for their valuable review of the manuscript. We are also grateful to Allen Peckrul and Justin Hegstad for their extensive technical support throughout the research, and to Justin Hegstad for major editorial revisions. Additionally, we owe our thanks to Dr. Takashi Endo and the National Bioresource Project/Wheat in Japan for providing seeds of 12 wheat-barley ditelosomic addition lines. Funding from the North Dakota Wheat Commission to PMAK and SFK and from the ND-EPSCoR program and National Science Foundation, Plant Genome Research Program (NSF-PGRP) grant No. IOS-0822100 to SFK is gratefully acknowledged, as is the support for MK and JD from the Ministry of Education, Youth, and Sports of the Czech Republic and the European Regional Development Fund (Operational Programme Research and Development for Innovations No. ED0007/01/01). NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1940-3372 J9 PLANT GENOME-US JI Plant Genome PD MAR PY 2014 VL 7 IS 1 DI 10.3835/plantgenome2013.10.0036 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA AL0RG UT WOS:000338833800008 ER PT J AU DeFauw, SL Brye, KR Sauer, TJ Hays, P AF DeFauw, Sherri L. Brye, Kristofor R. Sauer, Thomas J. Hays, Phil TI Hydraulic and Physiochemical Properties of a Hillslope Soil Assemblage in the Ozark Highlands SO SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Infiltration; soil hydraulic properties; Ozark Highlands; agroforestry; grazed pasture ID IN-SITU MEASUREMENT; ORGANIC-MATTER; WATER-QUALITY; TENSION INFILTROMETERS; UNCHANNELED CATCHMENT; RING INFILTROMETERS; ROCK FRAGMENTS; FIELD METHOD; CONDUCTIVITY; INFILTRATION AB Heterogeneity of infiltration and subsurface redistribution of soil water can have a profound influence on plant growth and productivity as well as water quality. However, substantial uncertainty exists in assessing hydrologic impacts over multiple scales confounded by multiple adjacent land uses. Spatial variabilities of soil surface hydraulic properties are key elements in understanding vadose zone hydrodynamics. The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the effects of land use, soil series, and microtopographic position on soil surface physiochemical and hydraulic properties (i.e., ponded and tension infiltration) during the transition from fall to winter seasons during a period of shallow aquifer recharge. Measurements were made across three Fragiudults (Captina, Nixa, and Johnsburg soil series) on a young alley-cropped agroforestry tract and an adjacent cattle-grazed pasture that constitute a headwater hillslope soil assemblage in the Ozark Highlands. Ponded and tension infiltration rates were affected (P < 0.05) by soils, microtopographic positions, and/or land uses. Tension infiltration rates, averaged across soils and land uses at a pressure head of -3 cm, were nearly twofold greater at the microtopographic low position (17.8 mm h(-1)) than the high (9.2 mm h(-1)) position, where the microtopographic high position in the landscape was generally a shallower soil than that at the microtopographic low position. However, when all infiltration measurements were evaluated together, no significant differences in infiltration dynamics were observed among soils, microtopographic positions, or land uses. Thus, a single infiltration pressure head function effectively characterized the hillslope soil assemblage evaluated in this study when shallow aquifer recharge was occurring. Greater bioporosity in upland grazed pastures may serve to naturally decrease hydraulic property variability across soils, which may simplify, rather than complicate, hydrologic partitioning between infiltration and runoff in grassland-based agroecosystems receiving frequent applications of animal manures in the Ozark Highlands. C1 [DeFauw, Sherri L.] Penn State Univ, Dept Agr Econ Sociol & Educ, State Coll, PA USA. [Brye, Kristofor R.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Crop Soil & Environm Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Sauer, Thomas J.] USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA USA. [Hays, Phil] Univ Arkansas, Dept Geosci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Brye, KR (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Crop Soil & Environm Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM kbrye@uark.edu OI Hays, Phillip/0000-0001-5491-9272 FU Water Resources Research Institute; US Geological Survey; National Water Management Center FX This study was partially funded by grants from the Water Resources Research Institute, the US Geological Survey, and the National Water Management Center. NR 78 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 18 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-075X EI 1538-9243 J9 SOIL SCI JI Soil Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 179 IS 3 BP 107 EP 117 DI 10.1097/SS.0000000000000054 PG 11 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA AL1WS UT WOS:000338917600001 ER PT J AU Escudero, L Delgado, JA Monar, C Valverde, F Barrera, V Alwang, J AF Escudero, Luis Delgado, Jorge A. Monar, Carlos Valverde, Franklin Barrera, Victor Alwang, Jeffrey TI A New Nitrogen Index for Assessment of Nitrogen Management of Andean Mountain Cropping Systems of Ecuador SO SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Minimum tillage; farming in high slopes; hillside agriculture; nitrate leaching; Nitrogen Index ID PRECISION CONSERVATION; LOSSES AB Corn (Zea mays L.) is important for food security in much of Ecuador. Small-scale farmers are using nitrogen (N) fertilizer without technical advice based on soil, crop, and climatologic data. The literature lacks studies where tools that can quickly assess management practices' effects on N uptake, N use efficiency, and risk of N losses to the environment in high-altitude mountain systems are validated. We tested corn response to fertilizer application and the capability of the Nitrogen Index to assess N dynamics within a conservation agriculture production system in a mountainous area of Ecuador. Responses to fertilizer were tested across six sites in the Bolivar province. Steep slopes and declining soil productivity make conservation agriculture a promising option in this area. However, N availability is limiting for corn production and better information is needed to optimize the system. Corn responded to fertilizer application with an average increase of 30 kg ha(-1) corn grain per every 1 kg of N ha(-1) applied (P < 0.001). The data suggest that N leaching increased with fertilizer application for areas with precipitation greater than 900 mm. The Nitrogen Index for Ecuador was able to quickly assess management practices' effects on N uptake (P < 0.001), N use efficiency (P < 0.001), and risk of N losses. It could be used to increase use of best management practices in these systems. C1 [Escudero, Luis; Valverde, Franklin; Barrera, Victor] Inst Nacl Autonomo Invest Agr INIAP, Quito, Ecuador. [Delgado, Jorge A.] USDA ARS, Soil Plant Nutrient Res USDA ARS SPNR Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Monar, Carlos] Univ Estatal Bolivar, Guaranda, Ecuador. [Alwang, Jeffrey] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Delgado, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Soil Plant Nutrient Res Unit, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg D,Suite 100, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM jorge.delgado@ars.usda.gov NR 36 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 24 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-075X EI 1538-9243 J9 SOIL SCI JI Soil Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 179 IS 3 BP 130 EP 140 DI 10.1097/SS.0000000000000052 PG 11 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA AL1WS UT WOS:000338917600003 ER PT J AU Wang, J Sainju, UM AF Wang, Jun Sainju, Upendra M. TI Aggregate-Associated Carbon and Nitrogen Affected by Residue Placement, Crop Species, and Nitrogen Fertilization SO SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Soil aggregation; carbon fractions; nitrogen fractions; management practices ID NATIVE GRASSLAND SOILS; ORGANIC-MATTER; MICROBIAL BIOMASS; MINERALIZABLE CARBON; CULTIVATED SOILS; COVER CROPS; TILLAGE; WATER; DYNAMICS; FRACTIONS AB High variability in soil and climatic conditions results in limited changes in soil aggregate-associated carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) levels as affected by management practices during a crop-growing season in the field. We evaluated the effects of crop species (spring wheat [Triticum aestivum L.], pea [Pisum sativum L.], and fallow), N fertilization rate (0.11 and 0.96 g N pot(-1)), and residue placement (no residue, surface placement, and incorporation into the soil) and rate (0, 20, and 40 g pot(-1)) on soil aggregation and C and N contents during a growing season under controlled soil and climatic conditions in the greenhouse. Soil samples collected from the field were grown with crops in the greenhouse and analyzed for aggregation and soil organic C, total N, particulate organic C, and particulate organic N contents in aggregates. Residue C and N losses, proportion of macroaggregates (> 0.25 mm), and soil C and N contents in microaggregates (< 0.25 mm) were higher in surface residue placement (20 g pot(-1)) under pea with 0.11 g N pot(-1) than the other treatments. The soil organic C and soil total N were greater in surface residue placement (40 g pot(-1)) under wheat with 0.96 g N pot(-1) in large and intermediate macroaggregates (8.00-4.75 and 4.75-2.00 mm, respectively), particulate organic N was greater in surface residue placement (20 g pot(-1)) under pea with 0.11 g N pot in large macroaggregates, but particulate organic C was greater in residue incorporation (20 g pot(-1)) under fallow with 0.96 g N pot(-1) in intermediate macroaggregate than the other treatments. Under controlled soil and environmental conditions, soil C and N levels in aggregates changed rapidly during a crop-growing season. Surface residue placement increased soil aggregation and C and N storage with concurrent losses of residue C and N, but residue incorporation increased coarse organic matter fraction. Results from this short-term experiment in the greenhouse agree with those obtained from the long-term study in the field. C1 [Wang, Jun] Northwest Univ, Coll Urban & Environm Sci, Xian, Shannxi Provinc, Peoples R China. [Sainju, Upendra M.] ARS, USDA, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. RP Sainju, UM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 1500 North Cent Ave, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. EM Upendra.sainju@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS, Sidney, MT; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31270484] FX Funding for this project was provided by USDA-ARS, Sidney, MT, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 31270484). NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 26 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-075X EI 1538-9243 J9 SOIL SCI JI Soil Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 179 IS 3 BP 153 EP 165 DI 10.1097/SS.0000000000000051 PG 13 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA AL1WS UT WOS:000338917600005 ER PT J AU Xu, WH Meng, Y Wise, RP AF Xu, Weihui Meng, Yan Wise, Roger P. TI Mla- and Rom1-mediated control of microRNA398 and chloroplast copper/zinc superoxide dismutase regulates cell death in response to the barley powdery mildew fungus SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE barley; Blumeria graminis; hypersensitive reaction; microRNA; reactive oxygen species (ROS); superoxide dismutase (SOD) ID HOST-MICROBE INTERACTIONS; WATER-WATER CYCLE; F-SP HORDEI; DISEASE-RESISTANCE; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; ERYSIPHE-GRAMINIS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; IMMUNE RECEPTORS; BASAL DEFENSE; SMALL RNAS AB Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Mildew resistance locus a (Mla) confers allele-specific interactions with natural variants of the ascomycete fungus Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei (Bgh), the causal agent of powdery mildew disease. Significant reprogramming of Mla-mediated gene expression occurs upon infection by this obligate biotrophic pathogen. We utilized a proteomics-based approach, combined with barley mla, required for Mla12 resistance 1(rar1), and restoration of Mla resistance1 (rom1) mutants, to identify components of Mla-directed signaling. Loss-of-function mutations in Mla and Rar1 both resulted in the reduced accumulation of chloroplast copper/zinc superoxide dismutase 1 (HvSOD1), whereas loss of function in Rom1 re-established HvSOD1 levels. In addition, both Mla and Rom1 negatively regulated hvu-microRNA398 (hvu-miR398), and up-regulation of miR398 was coupled to reduced HvSOD1 expression. Barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV)-mediated over-expression of both barley and Arabidopsis miR398 repressed accumulation of HvSOD1, and BSMV-induced gene silencing of HvSod1 impeded Mla-triggered H2O2 and hypersensitive reaction (HR) at barley-Bgh interaction sites. These data indicate that Mla- and Rom1-regulated hvu-miR398 represses HvSOD1 accumulation, influencing effector-induced HR in response to the powdery mildew fungus. C1 [Xu, Weihui; Meng, Yan; Wise, Roger P.] Iowa State Univ, Ctr Plant Responses Environm Stresses, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Wise, Roger P.] Iowa State Univ, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, USDA, ARS, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Wise, RP (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ctr Plant Responses Environm Stresses, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM rpwise@iastate.edu FU USDA-ARS CRIS [3625-21000-057-00D]; National Science Foundation [05-00461, 09-22746] FX We thank Liz Miller for mutant screening, Greg Fuerst for expert technical assistance, Matthew Moscou for initial microRNA data mining, and Priyanka Surana for statistical analysis. The research was supported by USDA-ARS CRIS project no. 3625-21000-057-00D and National Science Foundation-Plant Genome grants 05-00461 and 09-22746. NR 102 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 5 U2 40 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0028-646X EI 1469-8137 J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 201 IS 4 BP 1396 EP 1412 DI 10.1111/nph.12598 PG 17 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AK6AS UT WOS:000338510200032 PM 24246006 ER PT J AU Hobbie, EA van Diepen, LTA Lilleskov, EA Ouimette, AP Finzi, AC Hofmockel, KS AF Hobbie, Erik A. van Diepen, Linda T. A. Lilleskov, Erik A. Ouimette, Andrew P. Finzi, Adrien C. Hofmockel, Kirsten S. TI Fungal functioning in a pine forest: evidence from a N-15-labeled global change experiment SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE N-15; carbon dioxide; decomposition; ectomycorrhizal fungi; free air CO2 enrichment (FACE) experiment; nitrogen (N) isotope; organic nitrogen; plant-microbial feedbacks ID NITROGEN ISOTOPE PATTERNS; FINE-SCALE DISTRIBUTION; ECTOMYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; EXPLORATION TYPES; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; SOIL; LITTER; CARBON; N-15; DIFFERENTIATION AB We used natural and tracer nitrogen (N) isotopes in a Pinus taeda free air CO2 enrichment (FACE) experiment to investigate functioning of ectomycorrhizal and saprotrophic fungi in N cycling. Fungal sporocarps were sampled in 2004 (natural abundance and N-15 tracer) and 2010 (tracer) and delta N-15 patterns were compared against litter and soil pools. Ectomycorrhizal fungi with hydrophobic ectomycorrhizas (e. g. Cortinarius and Tricholoma) acquired N from the Oea horizon or deeper. Taxa with hydrophilic ectomycorrhizas acquired N from the Oi horizon (Russula and Lactarius) or deeper (Laccaria, Inocybe, and Amanita). N-15 enrichment patterns for Cortinarius and Amanita in 2010 did not correspond to any measured bulk pool, suggesting that a persistent pool of active organic N supplied these two taxa. Saprotrophic fungi could be separated into those colonizing pine cones (Baeospora), wood, litter (Oi), and soil (Ramariopsis), with delta(1)5N of taxa reflecting substrate differences. N-15 enrichment between sources and sporocarps varied across taxa and contributed to delta N-15 patterns. Natural abundance and N-15 tracers proved useful for tracking N from different depths into fungal taxa, generally corresponded to literature estimates of fungal activity within soil profiles, and provided new insights into interpreting natural abundance delta N-15 patterns. C1 [Hobbie, Erik A.; Ouimette, Andrew P.] Univ New Hampshire, Earth Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [van Diepen, Linda T. A.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Lilleskov, Erik A.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Finzi, Adrien C.] Boston Univ, Dept Biol, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Hofmockel, Kirsten S.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Hobbie, EA (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Earth Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM erik.hobbie@unh.edu RI Finzi, Adrien/A-7017-2016 OI Finzi, Adrien/0000-0003-2220-4533 FU US National Science Foundation (NSF) [DEB-1146328]; Bullard Fellowship; Harvard University; Department of Energy [ER65430]; Office of Science (BER), US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-95ER62083]; NSF [DEB-0236356, DEB-0235425] FX This work was supported by grant DEB-1146328 from the US National Science Foundation (NSF), by a Bullard Fellowship to E. H. from Harvard University, and by grant ER65430 from the Department of Energy to K. H. Core funding for the Duke FACE site was provided by the Office of Science (BER), US Department of Energy, grant no. DE-FG02-95ER62083. NSF also supported the work on 15N tracer application and redistribution (DEB-0236356 and DEB-0235425). We thank Matthew Henn for assistance with collection of sporocarp samples. We thank Amy Sojka for graphics assistance and thank Lixin Wang, Christian Rixen, and six anonymous reviewers for comments on previous versions of this manuscript. NR 34 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 7 U2 49 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0028-646X EI 1469-8137 J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 201 IS 4 BP 1431 EP 1439 DI 10.1111/nph.12578 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AK6AS UT WOS:000338510200035 PM 24304469 ER PT J AU Epsky, ND Gill, MA Cha, DH Landolt, PJ AF Epsky, Nancy D. Gill, Micah A. Cha, Dong H. Landolt, Peter J. TI TRAPPING THE AFRICAN FIG FLY (DIPTERA: DROSOPHILIDAE) WITH COMBINATIONS OF VINEGAR AND WINE SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE African fig fly; Zaprionus indianus; lure; bait; trap; kairomone ID ZAPRIONUS-INDIANUS; SUZUKII; IDENTIFICATION AB The African fig fly, Zaprionus indianus Gupta (Diptera: Drosophilidae), is an invasive fruit pest that has spread rapidly through much of the eastern United States. Tests were conducted in southern Florida that recorded the response of Z. indianus to baits that included Merlot wine, rice vinegar, ethanol and acetic acid, alone and in combination. The flies were attracted to the wine but not to the vinegar or unbaited traps and were most strongly attracted to the combination of wine and vinegar. More flies were captured in traps baited with the combination of ethanol and acetic acid, the most abundant volatiles of wine and vinegar respectively, than in traps baited with either chemical alone or in unbaited traps. A subsequent test found that traps baited with wine plus acetic acid were as attractive as traps baited with wine plus vinegar. In this test, there was no difference in capture in unbaited traps or traps baited with ethanol plus acetic acid, and intermediate capture was obtained in traps baited with vinegar plus ethanol. These findings suggest that it may be possible to develop a synthetic chemical lure for Z. indianus that is based on volatiles from wine used in combination with acetic acid alone or in combination with other volatiles from vinegar. C1 [Epsky, Nancy D.; Gill, Micah A.] ARS, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, USDA, Miami, FL 33158 USA. [Cha, Dong H.; Landolt, Peter J.] ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, USDA, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. RP Epsky, ND (reprint author), ARS, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, USDA, 13601 Old Cutler Rd, Miami, FL 33158 USA. EM nancy.epsky@ars.usda.gov NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 21 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 97 IS 1 BP 85 EP 89 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AK3VY UT WOS:000338354400011 ER PT J AU Diaz, R Manrique, V Hibbard, K Fox, A Roda, A Gandolfo, D Mckay, F Medal, J Hight, S Overholt, WA AF Diaz, R. Manrique, V. Hibbard, K. Fox, A. Roda, A. Gandolfo, D. Mckay, F. Medal, J. Hight, S. Overholt, W. A. TI SUCCESSFUL BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF TROPICAL SODA APPLE (SOLANALES: SOLANACEAE) IN FLORIDA: A REVIEW OF KEY PROGRAM COMPONENTS SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Chrysomelidae; exotic weed; Gratiana boliviana; insect herbivore; pastures; Solanum viarum ID GRATIANA-BOLIVIANA COLEOPTERA; SOLANUM-VIARUM SOLANACEAE; HOST-SPECIFICITY TESTS; CONTROL AGENT; METRIONA-ELATIOR; NATURAL ENEMIES; UNITED-STATES; WEED-CONTROL; CHRYSOMELIDAE; CURCULIONIDAE AB Tropical soda apple (Solanum viarum Dunal) (Solanaceae) is a small shrub native to South America that is invasive in pastures and conservation areas across Florida. Dense patches of tropical soda apple not only reduce cattle stocking rates and limit their movement, but also serve as reservoirs for pests of solanaceous crops. A classical biological control program was initiated in 1994 with exploration for natural enemies of tropical soda apple in Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay. Host specificity tests conducted under laboratory and field conditions demonstrated that the leaf feeding beetle Gratiana boliviana Dunal (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) was a specialist herbivore that completes development only on the target weed. After obtaining appropriate permits, field releases of G. boliviana were initiated in Florida in May of 2003. Larvae and adults of G. boliviana feed on tropical soda apple leaves and may completely defoliate their host plants, resulting in reduced growth and fruit production. Mass rearing facilities for the beetle were established in northern, central and southern Florida, and adults were either hand-carried or transported to release sites by overnight courier. From 2003 to 2011, a total of 250,723 beetles were released and they became established throughout Florida, however, their impact is more noticeable in regions below latitude 29 degrees N. Reductions of tropical soda apple densities caused by damage by the beetle were visible 2-3 yr after initial release, or in some cases, within a few months. Various methods of technology transfer were used to inform the public, land owners, funding agencies and scientists about the biological control program, including articles in trade magazines, extension publications, websites, videos, field days and scientific publications. The project was successful because of the coordinated efforts of personnel from federal, state and county agencies. C1 [Diaz, R.; Manrique, V.; Overholt, W. A.] Univ Florida, Biol Control Res & Containment Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Hibbard, K.] Florida Dept Agr & Consumer Serv, Div Plant Ind, Ft Pierce, FL 34982 USA. [Fox, A.; Medal, J.] Florida Dept Agr & Consumer Serv, Div Plant Ind, Gainesville, FL 32614 USA. [Roda, A.] USDA APHIS PPQ, Miami, FL 33122 USA. [Gandolfo, D.; Mckay, F.] Fdn Estudio Especies Invas FuEDEI, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Hight, S.] Florida A&M Univ, USDA ARS CMAVE, Ctr Biol Control, Tallahassee, FL 32308 USA. RP Diaz, R (reprint author), Univ Florida, Biol Control Res & Containment Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM rrdg@ufl.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture, Animal Plant Health Inspection Service; Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry FX The biological control program of TSA was funded in part by the United States Department of Agriculture, Animal Plant Health Inspection Service and the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry. We would like to thank the hundreds of ranchers and land managers in Florida for allowing access to areas infested with TSA. The release of beetles and technology transfer of the program were greatly facilitated by agents of the Cooperative Extension Service. We thank all the high school, undergraduate and graduate students and foreign interns for their assistance with experiments. NR 74 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 19 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 97 IS 1 BP 179 EP 190 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AK3VY UT WOS:000338354400024 ER PT J AU Maner, ML Hanula, JL Horn, S AF Maner, M. Lake Hanula, James L. Horn, Scott TI POPULATION TRENDS OF THE REDBAY AMBROSIA BEETLE (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE: SCOLYTINAE): DOES UTILIZATION OF SMALL DIAMETER REDBAY TREES ALLOW POPULATIONS TO PERSIST? SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Sassafras; avocado; exotic; invasive; laurel wilt; Raffaelea lauricola ID LAUREL WILT DISEASE; SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; RAFFAELEA-LAURICOLA; 1ST REPORT; MANUKA OIL; FLORIDA; SUSCEPTIBILITY; PONDSPICE; PONDBERRY; BIOLOGY AB The redbay ambrosia beetle, Xyleborus glabratus Eichhoff, vectors laurel wilt, Raffaelea lauricola T. C. Harr., Fraedrich & Aghayeva, that quickly kills all large diam (> 2.5cm) redbay trees [Persea borbonia (L.) Sprengel] in an area but smaller diam trees (< 2.5cm) survive for years. We measured densities of X. glabratus attacks on hanging bolts of freshly cut mature redbay annually for 5 yr (2007-2011) at 7 locations varying in age of infestation from newly infested in 2007 to those that were among the oldest infested areas (infested in 2002 or earlier), to determine if populations persist after mature host trees are gone. Attack densities on redbay bolts at the field sites varied from 10-25 X. glabratus attacks/100 cm(2) where large dying redbay trees were still present, to < 1 attack/100cm(2) at sites where few or no trees > 2.5 cm diam near ground level were still living at the beginning of the study in 2007. Despite having no large trees available, populations of the beetle persisted at 2 of the 3 oldest infested sites throughout the 5-year survey period (2007-2011). In 2012 we studied X. glabratus utilization of small diam redbay wood as a possible explanation of how populations might survive in these areas in the absence of larger trees. In laboratory trials, X. glabratus produced 27.8 +/- 6.63 adults/gallery (+/- SE) from 18 galleries constructed in portions of redbay trees that averaged 3.2 +/- 0.02 cm diam at the point of attack. The smallest stem section to support a successful gallery was 1.7 cm diam but it produced only 2 adults. In field trials no attacks occurred in portions of stems < 1.6 cm diam. Upon stem dissection, more brood was found in stem sections near the ground (0-10 cm) than in those over 80 cm above ground. In addition, brood abundance in10 cm long tree sections exhibited a positive non-linear relationship (cubic polynomial; R-2 = 0.21) with section diam. Our data suggest that X. glabratus can maintain low populations in areas devoid of large redbay by utilizing 2-3 cm diam portions of small trees primarily near ground level. C1 [Maner, M. Lake] Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Hanula, James L.; Horn, Scott] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Hanula, JL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, 320 Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM jhanula@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station research work unit SRS, Insects, Diseases and Invasive Plants FX We thank M. Cody for technical assistance, and S. Fraedrich and J. McHugh for helpful comments on earlier drafts of the manuscript. We are grateful to C. Bates and S. Cameron for help in locating the study sites, and Hickory Hammock Properties, L. L. C., the South Carolina Dept. of Parks, Recreation and Tourism, the Hilton Head Audubon Society, the Hilton Head Island Land Trust, and the Georgia Dept. of Natural Resources for allowing us to work on their properties. Funding was provided by the USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station research work unit SRS 4552, Insects, Diseases and Invasive Plants. NR 24 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 10 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 97 IS 1 BP 208 EP 216 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AK3VY UT WOS:000338354400027 ER PT J AU Keathley, CP Lapointe, SL AF Keathley, Craig P. Lapointe, Stephen L. TI MOVEMENT OF PHYLLOCNISTIS CITRELLA (LEPIDOPTERA: GRACILLARIIDAE) FROM A GROVE TO TRAPS AND SENTINEL PLANTS IN ADJACENT LAND SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material DE citrus leaf miner; lure; infestation; sex pheromone; upwind flight; 'Valencia' orange ID CITRUS LEAFMINER; MATING DISRUPTION; PHEROMONE; STAINTON AB Male Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) were captured in pheromone-baited traps in pastureland 1.2 km west of an infested citrus grove. Capture of males was correlated with northeast wind blowing from the groves, which suggests males were transported passively on wind currents from groves before orienting to pheromone traps. Female P. citrella located and oviposited on 75% of sentinel citrus plants placed 1.2 km west of the groves by 6 weeks. Movement of this species as far as 1.2 km suggests that groves treated with pheromone components for mating disruption will be vulnerable to damage caused by mated females arriving from neighboring groves within 1.2 km. Treated groves may be particularly susceptible to influx of moths carried on wind. C1 [Keathley, Craig P.; Lapointe, Stephen L.] ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Keathley, CP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, 2001 South Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM keathley062802@comcast.net NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 4 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 97 IS 1 BP 291 EP 294 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AK3VY UT WOS:000338354400042 ER PT J AU Hall, DG Klein, EM AF Hall, D. G. Klein, E. M. TI SHORT-TERM STORAGE OF ADULT TAMARIXIA RADIATA (HYMENOPTERA: EULOPHIDAE) PRIOR TO FIELD RELEASES FOR BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF ASIAN CITRUS PSYLLID SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material DE diet; ectoparasitoid; honey; mass rear; parasitism rate; survival; temperature ID DIAPHORINA-CITRI; DISEASE AB Tamarixia radiata is regarded as one of the Asian citrus psyllid's most important natural enemies, and is thus currently being mass-reared and released by a number of laboratories in North America. It may not always be possible to immediately release newly-emerged adults, in which case it would be advantageous to store the parasitoids under optimal conditions until release. We found that newly-emerged adult T. radiata can be stored at 20 to 30 degrees C (14 h light photo phase) in vials containing honey with greater than 95% survival for up to 14 days. However, parasitoids stored for 14 days with honey at 25 degrees C parasitized fewer psyllid nymphs than newly emerged parasitoids. Thus, adult parasitoids can be stored, but they should be released as soon as possible for maximal parasitism. C1 [Hall, D. G.] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Klein, E. M.] Dartmouth Coll, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Hall, DG (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, 2001 South Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM David.Hall@ars.usda.gov NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 23 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 97 IS 1 BP 298 EP 300 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AK3VY UT WOS:000338354400044 ER PT J AU Gorzlancyk, AM Held, DW Ranger, CM Barwary, Z Kim, DJ AF Gorzlancyk, Austin M. Held, David W. Ranger, Christopher M. Barwary, Znar Kim, Dong-Joo TI CAPTURE OF CNESTUS MUTILATUS, XYLOSANDRUS CRASSIUSCULUS, AND OTHER SCOLYTINAE (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE) IN RESPONSE TO GREEN LIGHT EMITTING DIODES, ETHANOL, AND CONOPHTHORIN SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material DE attractants; LED; ethanol; Cnestus mutilatus; Xylosandrus crassiusculus; Scolytinae; traps ID AMBROSIA BEETLE COLEOPTERA; HOST-SELECTION; VOLATILES; BLANDFORD; ATTACKS; STRESS; BORER; CUES AB A field test was conducted using Lindgren traps baited with (1) ethanol, (2) ethanol plus conophthorin, and (3) ethanol, conophthorin, and green LEDs (525 nm) to compare their efficacy for capture of bark and ambrosia beetles. Captures of Cnestus mutilatus were similar with all 3 treatments. Captures of Xylosandrus crassiusculus and other Scolytinae were significantly higher with ethanol-baited traps supplemented with conophthorin and green LEDs, as compared to traps baited with ethanol alone. Results of this study indicate that detection and monitoring of pest Scolytinae may be improved by incorporating conophthorin and green LEDs into the standard ethanol-baited Lindgren trap. C1 [Gorzlancyk, Austin M.; Held, David W.; Barwary, Znar] Auburn Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Ranger, Christopher M.] USDA ARS, Hort Insects Res Lab, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Kim, Dong-Joo] Auburn Univ, Dept Mat Engn, Wilmore Labs 276, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Gorzlancyk, AM (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, 301 Funchess Hall, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM amg0043@auburn.edu RI KIM, DONG-JOO/C-2277-2008 NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 12 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 97 IS 1 BP 301 EP 303 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AK3VY UT WOS:000338354400045 ER PT J AU Labeda, DP Doroghazi, JR Ju, KS Metcalf, WW AF Labeda, D. P. Doroghazi, J. R. Ju, K-S. Metcalf, W. W. TI Taxonomic evaluation of Streptomyces albus and related species using multilocus sequence analysis and proposals to emend the description of Streptomyces albus and describe Streptomyces pathocidini sp nov. SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DNA-DNA HYBRIDIZATION; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; CLUSTER; SYSTEMATICS; CLADE; RECLASSIFICATION; HYGROSCOPICUS; SUBSTITUTIONS; PHYLOGENIES; STRAINS AB In phylogenetic analyses of the genus Streptomyces using 16S rRNA gene sequences, Streptomyces albus subsp. albus NRRL B-1811(T) forms a cluster with five other species having identical or nearly identical 16S rRNA gene sequences. Moreover, the morphological and physiological characteristics of these other species, including Streptomyces almquistii NRRL B-1685(T), Streptomyces flocculus NRRL B-2465(T), Streptomyces gibsonii NRRL B-1335(T) and Streptomyces rangoonensis NRRL B-12378(T) are quite similar. This cluster is of particular taxonomic interest because Streptomyces albus is the type species of the genus Streptomyces. The related strains were subjected to multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) utilizing partial sequences of the housekeeping genes atpD, gyrB, recA, rpoB and trpB and confirmation of previously reported phenotypic characteristics. The five strains formed a coherent cluster supported by a 100% bootstrap value in phylogenetic trees generated from sequence alignments prepared by concatenating the sequences of the housekeeping genes, and identical tree topology was observed using various different tree-making algorithms. Moreover, all but one strain, S. flocculus NRRL B-2465(T), exhibited identical sequences for all of the five housekeeping gene loci sequenced, but NRRL B-2465(T) still exhibited an MLSA evolutionary distance of 0.005 from the other strains, a value that is lower than the 0.007 MLSA evolutionary distance threshold proposed for species-level relatedness. These data support a proposal to reclassify S. almquistii, S. flocculus, S. gibsonii and S. rangoonensis as later heterotypic synonyms of S. albus with NRRL B-1811(T) as the type strain. The MLSA sequence database also demonstrated utility for quickly and conclusively confirming that numerous strains within the ARS Culture Collection had been previously misidentified as subspecies of S. albus and that Streptomyces albus subsp. pathocidicus should be redescribed as a novel species, Streptomyces pathocidini sp. nov., with the type strain NRRL B-24287(T). C1 [Labeda, D. P.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Doroghazi, J. R.; Ju, K-S.; Metcalf, W. W.] Univ Illinois, Dept Microbiol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Doroghazi, J. R.; Ju, K-S.; Metcalf, W. W.] Univ Illinois, Inst Genom Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Labeda, DP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM David.Labeda@ars.usda.gov FU NIGMS NIH HHS [P01 GM077596] NR 26 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 18 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 1466-5026 EI 1466-5034 J9 INT J SYST EVOL MICR JI Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 64 BP 894 EP 900 DI 10.1099/ijs.0.058107-0 PN 3 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AJ8CS UT WOS:000337930900032 PM 24277863 ER PT J AU Heller, WP Ying, Z Davenport, TL Keith, LM Matsumoto, TK AF Heller, Wade P. Ying, Zhentu Davenport, Thomas L. Keith, Lisa M. Matsumoto, Tracie K. TI Identification of Members of the Dimocarpus Longan Flowering Locus T Gene Family with Divergent Functions in Flowering SO TROPICAL PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE FT; Flower induction; Potassium chlorate; Antagonistic function ID POTASSIUM CHLORATE; FT; ARABIDOPSIS; INDUCTION; HOMOLOG; SIGNALS; POPLAR; TRANSFORMATION; SEQUENCE; PROTEIN AB Dimocarpus longan is a subtropical fruit crop whose year-round production relies on the application of KClO3 to induce flowering; however, the mechanism by which this chemical causes flowering is yet unknown. To further characterize floral signaling in this species, we have isolated three longan FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT)-like genes and studied their activities by heterologous expression in Arabidopsis. Expression of two of these genes (DlFT2 and DlFT3) accelerates flowering, whereas expression of the third gene (DlFT1) causes delayed flowering and produced floral morphology defects. This anti-florigenic protein may be a member of a class of FT-like family involved in flowering time control in biennial and perennial species. Surprisingly, KClO3 treatment also suppressed the expression of both DlFT2 and DlFT3 in a field trial. C1 [Heller, Wade P.; Keith, Lisa M.; Matsumoto, Tracie K.] USDA ARS, Trop Plant Genet Resources & Dis Res Unit, Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Ying, Zhentu; Davenport, Thomas L.] Univ Florida, IFAS, Trop Res & Educ Ctr, Homestead, FL 33031 USA. RP Matsumoto, TK (reprint author), USDA ARS, Trop Plant Genet Resources & Dis Res Unit, Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, 64 Nowelo St, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM tracie.matsumoto@ars.usda.gov OI Heller, Wade/0000-0002-5964-9715 NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1935-9756 EI 1935-9764 J9 TROP PLANT BIOL JI Trop. Plant Biol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 7 IS 1 BP 19 EP 29 DI 10.1007/s12042-013-9134-0 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AK1UX UT WOS:000338203800003 ER PT J AU Kovalchuk, I Turdiev, T Mukhitdinova, Z Frolov, S Reed, BM AF Kovalchuk, Irina Turdiev, Timur Mukhitdinova, Zinat Frolov, Sergey Reed, Barbara M. TI CRYOPRESERVATION OF NATIVE KAZAKHSTAN APRICOT (PRUNUS ARMENIACA L) SEEDS AND EMBRYONIC AXES SO CRYOLETTERS LA English DT Article DE Embryonic axis; germplasm storage; seed; vitrification ID VITRIFICATION; DEHYDRATION; STORAGE AB BACKGROUND: Preserving the genetic diversity of Central Asia includes conserving wild "apricots found in the foothills of several mountain ranges. These include primitive and genetically diverse populations with important characteristics for crop improvement. Apricot seeds have a short storage life, so cryopreservation of the seeds of wild populations is important for conserving the genetic diversity. OBJECTIVE: This study was to determine a suitable protocol for long-term storage. METHODS: This study tested a range of protocols using embryos and embryonic axes for storage of an important population of wild apricots and to determine if seed size and the distribution of moisture in the seed play a role in successful cryopreservation. RESULTS: Germination of scarified whole seed from trees in the 'Jungar' population of Prunus armeniaca varied from 63% to 90% after 1 h in liquid nitrogen (LN) and was generally better at 7% moisture content (MC) than at the original 14% MC. Embryos (4% MC) from stratified seed had only 33% germination after LN exposure. Isolated embryonic axes from non-stratified seed germinated at 86% to 100% following drying to 4% or 7% MC. Examination of three seed sizes determined that the MC of whole seed, embryos and isolated axes varied with the seed size and shape. MC of whole seeds and embryos decreased as size decreased, however, the axis MC did not. MC of medium-size seed was more evenly distributed between the axis and endosperm than in the larger or smaller samples. Cryopreservation of axes from medium-sized seed was good at any moisture content and a 1-h drying time was significantly better than 90 min. for axes of all seed sizes. Cryopreservation of axes using vitrification protocols initially designed for shoot tips produced germination similar to or lower than seed and axis drying techniques. CONCLUSION: We recommend storing apricot germplasm as unstratified seed dried to 7% MC or as isolated embryonic axes. C1 [Kovalchuk, Irina; Turdiev, Timur; Mukhitdinova, Zinat; Frolov, Sergey] Inst Plant Biol & Biotechnol, Alma Ata 050040, Kazakhstan. [Reed, Barbara M.] ARS, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Reed, BM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM kovalchuk_i_u@mail.ru; Barbara.Reed@ars.usda.gov OI Reed, Barbara/0000-0003-0079-8473 FU International Science and Technology Center [K-1920]; USDA; ARS CRIS [5358-2.1000-033D] FX This study was supported by thuds from the International Science and Technology Center Grant K-1920 and USDA, ARS CRIS project 5358-2.1000-033D. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 9 PU CRYO LETTERS PI LONDON PA C/O ROYAL VETERINARY COLLEGE, ROYAL COLLEGE ST, LONDON NW1 0TU, ENGLAND SN 0143-2044 EI 1742-0644 J9 CRYOLETTERS JI CryoLetters PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 35 IS 2 BP 83 EP 89 PG 7 WC Biology; Physiology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Physiology GA AJ5JQ UT WOS:000337718900001 PM 24869649 ER PT J AU Bakst, MR Eastridge, J Malecki, IA AF Bakst, Murray R. Eastridge, Janet Malecki, Irek A. TI The inner perivitelline layer sperm hole assay: Use of filter paper rings for the isolation of the perivitelline layer overlying the germinal disc and new observations on its morphology SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POULTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE inner perivitelline layer; fertility assessment; poultry ID RAPID GROWTH PHASE; COTURNIX-JAPONICA; OVARIAN FOLLICLE; EGG INTERACTION; TURKEY EGGS; SPERMATOZOA; PENETRATION; EFFICIENCY; CHICKENS; OVUM AB The inner perivitelline layer (IPL) sperm hole assay provides an objective assessment of the number of sperm penetrating the hen's ovum at the germinal disc. That number will provide insight into numerous parameters concerning fertility, including, but not limited to, the probability of the ovum being fertilized (true fertility), the duration of fertility, an assessment of mating activity, the effect of inseminating in vitro-stored semen, and the influence of spiking a breeder flock. In the current paper, we discuss the use of a filter paper ring to isolate and process the IPL overlying the germinal disc (PL disc) in 5 species of domestic birds. The morphology of the PL disc is also described to assist those using the sperm hole assay during sperm hole counting. The filter ring approach was successfully used with chicken, turkey, duck, goose, and Japanese quail eggs; the PL discs remained intact and stretched across the filter ring and sperm holes, when present, were clearly discernible. Morphologically, the PL disc appeared to be a silhouette of the germinal disc, including the germinal vesicle observed in follicular oocytes. The fibers forming the IPL had a honeycomb-like arrangement that could be mistaken for actual sperm holes in faintly stained slides. Given its diversity of applications and relative simplicity using the filter ring, it is recommended that the sperm hole assay be part of a quality control program at the hatchery. Already used in the scientific community, this filter ring method has the additional advantage that the blastoderm may be collected before the staining process. C1 [Bakst, Murray R.; Eastridge, Janet] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Malecki, Irek A.] Univ Western Australia, Sch Anim Biol, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. [Malecki, Irek A.] Univ Stellenbosch, Dept Anim Sci, ZA-7600 Matieland, South Africa. RP Bakst, MR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM murray.bakst@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1056-6171 EI 1537-0437 J9 J APPL POULTRY RES JI J. Appl. Poult. Res. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 23 IS 1 BP 121 EP 128 DI 10.3382/japr.2013-00873 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AJ0NY UT WOS:000337352700015 ER PT J AU Stipanovic, R Esquivel, J Westbrook, J Puckhaber, L O'Neil, M Bell, A Duke, S Dowd, M Lopez, JD Hake, K AF Stipanovic, Robert Esquivel, Jesus Westbrook, John Puckhaber, Lorraine O'Neil, Michael Bell, Alois Duke, Sara Dowd, Michael Lopez, Juan D., Jr. Hake, Kater TI The Effect of Gossypolone on the Growth and Development of Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) SO SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article ID TERPENOID ALDEHYDES; COTTON; (+)-GOSSYPOL; LEPIDOPTERA; NOCTUIDAE; SURVIVAL; PROTEINS; CRY1AC AB The pigment glands of the cotton plant (Gossypium) produce a group of structurally related terpenoid aldehydes that protect the plant from herbivorous insects. Of these terpenoids, the most extensively studied is gossypol. Gossypolone, a compound closely related to gossypol, has been reported in the pigment glands but its activity against bollworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), has not been reported. We report the effect on bollworm fed gossypol and gossypolone at concentrations of 0.06, 0.08, and 0.12% in an artificial diet. In previous studies, gossypol showed a hormetic effect when fed to tobacco budwornn, Heliothis virescens (Fabricius), or Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner); in the present study gossypol also showed a hormetic effect when fed to bollworm. Gossypolone did not exhibit a hormetic effect at the concentrations tested, but pupae from larvae fed 0.12% gossypolone were significantly smaller than those fed the check diet or any of the diets with gossypol. Gossypol at the concentrations tested did not delay days to pupation, but in an earlier study gossypol at 0.16% delayed days to pupation from 13.9 +/- 0.5 to 22.6 +/- 1.0. In this study, gossypolone also delayed days to pupation but at a lower concentration [i.e., gossypolone at 0.12% delayed days to pupation from 13.3 +/- 0.1 for the check to 20.8 +/- 0.7 days]. A delay in days to pupation will reduce the number of generations that develop during a growing season, and may reduce larval survival. The biosynthesis of gossypolone may be due to a single gene. If so, increased expression of the gene could provide an overall increase in resistance to Heliothines pests of cotton. C1 [Stipanovic, Robert; Esquivel, Jesus; Westbrook, John; Puckhaber, Lorraine; O'Neil, Michael; Bell, Alois; Duke, Sara; Lopez, Juan D., Jr.] ARS, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, USDA, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Dowd, Michael] ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Hake, Kater] Cotton Inc, Cary, NC 27513 USA. RP Stipanovic, R (reprint author), ARS, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, USDA, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM bob.stipanovic@ars.usda.gov FU Cotton Incorporated, Cary, NC FX Partial funding was provided by Cotton Incorporated, Cary, NC. Kathy Knighten of Mississippi State University provided H. zea eggs from which larvae were reared for this feeding study. We thank Christine Soriaga and Stephanie Sullivan for valuable technical assistance. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 15 PU SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI DALLAS PA 17360 COIT RD, DALLAS, TX 75252-6599 USA SN 0147-1724 EI 2162-2647 J9 SOUTHWEST ENTOMOL JI Southw. Entomol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 39 IS 1 BP 1 EP 7 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AJ5GN UT WOS:000337710800001 ER PT J AU Elliott, NC Backoulou, GF Giles, KL Royer, TA AF Elliott, Norman C. Backoulou, Georges F. Giles, Kristopher L. Royer, Thomas A. TI Aphids and Parasitoids in Wheat and Nearby Canola Fields in Central Oklahoma SO SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article AB In central Oklahoma, winter canola (Brassica napus L.) has recently become the primary rotational winter crop with wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Annual aphid pest outbreaks in canola have resulted in widespread application of insecticide. Insect parasitoids, which frequently suppress aphids in nearby wheat, may move to canola because of large numbers of aphids. These parasitoids probably will be exposed to insecticide. Lysiphlebus testaceipes Cresson is the dominant parasitoid of aphid pests in wheat in Oklahoma and can frequently suppress and maintain aphid infestations below the economic injury level. The expansion of canola acreage in Oklahoma might disrupt biological control of cereal aphids in wheat if L. testaceipes prefers to colonize canola because of the abundance of aphids and many die as a result of more frequent use of insecticide in canola. In this case, canola could act as an ecological trap for L. testaceipes. We surveyed aphids and their parasitoids in wheat and nearby canola fields in central Oklahoma approximately at flowering time for canola. The purpose was to determine the relative abundance of aphids and parasitoids in each crop and assess the potential for canola fields to act as an ecological trap for L. testaceipes. For aphids collected from canola fields, Diaeretiella rapae (M'Intosh) was the dominant parasitoid, with rates of parasitism ranging from 2 to 27%. Aphelinus sp. also parasitized the cabbage aphid, Brevicotyne brassicae L., but was rare. Lysiphlebus testaceipes was not recovered from any species of aphid in canola despite being abundant on aphids in nearby wheat fields, with parasitism ranging from 3 to 43%. The results suggested limited potential for canola to attract and potentially serve as an ecological trap for L. testaceipes from wheat. C1 [Elliott, Norman C.; Backoulou, Georges F.; Giles, Kristopher L.; Royer, Thomas A.] USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Lab, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. RP Elliott, NC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Lab, 1301 N Western Rd, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. RI Royer, Tom/D-9737-2016 OI Royer, Tom/0000-0003-0912-7115 NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 13 PU SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI DALLAS PA 17360 COIT RD, DALLAS, TX 75252-6599 USA SN 0147-1724 EI 2162-2647 J9 SOUTHWEST ENTOMOL JI Southw. Entomol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 39 IS 1 BP 23 EP 28 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AJ5GN UT WOS:000337710800003 ER PT J AU Latheef, MA Hoffmann, WC AF Latheef, Mohamed A. Hoffmann, W. Clint TI Toxicity of Selected Acaricides in a Glass-vial Bioassay to Twospotted Spider Mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) SO SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article ID COTTON CROPS; PYRETHROID RESISTANCE; GROWTH ANALYSIS; INSECTICIDES; POPULATIONS; LEPIDOPTERA; PESTICIDES; NOCTUIDAE; HOMOPTERA; ARKANSAS AB Twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, feeds on epidermal cells of foliage, destroys photosynthetic cells, and reduces yield, fiber quality, and seed germination of cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L. With a short life cycle, prolific fecundity, an arrhenotokous reproduction, and an ability to expeditiously digest and detoxify xenobiotics, twospotted spider mite has the propensity to develop resistance to insecticides. Despite mobility, small size, and difficulties associated with handling of twospotted spider mites, this study demonstrated that the 20-ml glass-vial bioassay is a useful technique to evaluate contact toxicity of acaricides against adult mites in a laboratory. A colony of twospotted spider mites was maintained on pinto beans, Phaseolus vulgaris L. in a greenhouse. Abamectin with LC50 (95% CL) of 0.014 (0.01-0.02) mu g per vial was 1,006 time more toxic than spiromesifen with a LC50 of 14.086 (7.592-42.371) mu g per vial. The LC50 values of spiromesifen and propargite were comparable. Bifenazate was 10 times more toxic than dicofol to twospotted spider mite. The order of toxicity of acaricides tested against twospotted spider mite adults was abamectin > bifenazate > dicofol > propargite = spiromesifen. These data are useful for developing baseline contact toxicity for adult twospotted spider mite and monitoring tolerance to acaricides used on cotton in Central Texas. C1 [Latheef, Mohamed A.; Hoffmann, W. Clint] USDA ARS, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Latheef, MA (reprint author), USDA ARS, 3103 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM Mohamed.latheef@ars.gov; Clint.Hoffmann@ars.usda.gov NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 10 PU SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI DALLAS PA 17360 COIT RD, DALLAS, TX 75252-6599 USA SN 0147-1724 EI 2162-2647 J9 SOUTHWEST ENTOMOL JI Southw. Entomol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 39 IS 1 BP 29 EP 36 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AJ5GN UT WOS:000337710800004 ER PT J AU Swisher, KD Crosslin, JM AF Swisher, K. D. Crosslin, J. M. TI Restriction Digestion Method for Haplotyping the Potato Psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli SO SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article ID REAL-TIME PCR; UNITED-STATES; ZEBRA CHIP; DIFFERENTIATION; AMERICA; DISEASE; MEXICO AB A restriction digestion method has been developed for haplotyping the potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli Sulc., an economically important pest of solanaceous crops. This method differentiates the four known potato psyllid haplotypes by using restriction enzyme digestion of a portion of the mitochondrial large subunit ribosomal RNA, tRNA-Val, and a portion of the small subunit ribosomal RNA, providing a second target within the mitochondrial DNA for haplotyping studies. This technique also provides a good alternative to the current method of potato psyllid haplotyping which uses high-resolution melting analysis, a technique that requires access to a real-time PCR machine with high-resolution melting capabilities. Potato psyllid haplotyping by restriction digestion is done using basic laboratory equipment that is readily available for smaller laboratories with budgetary limitations, thereby providing an excellent tool for laboratories of all sizes to identify psyllid populations. C1 [Swisher, K. D.; Crosslin, J. M.] USDA ARS, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. RP Swisher, KD (reprint author), USDA ARS, 24106 North Bunn Rd, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. FU USDA-SCRI [2009-51181-20176]; USDA-RAMP [2009-51101-05892]; Washington State Potato Commission FX We thank Don Henne and Silvia Rondon for providing the psyllids used in this study. Financial support for this research was provided by the Washington State Potato Commission, USDA-SCRI Project #2009-51181-20176, and USDA-RAMP Project #2009-51101-05892. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture or the Agricultural Research Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI DALLAS PA 17360 COIT RD, DALLAS, TX 75252-6599 USA SN 0147-1724 EI 2162-2647 J9 SOUTHWEST ENTOMOL JI Southw. Entomol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 39 IS 1 BP 49 EP 56 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AJ5GN UT WOS:000337710800006 ER PT J AU Nelson, WR Swisher, KD Crosslin, JM Munyaneza, JE AF Nelson, Warrick R. Swisher, Kylie D. Crosslin, James M. Munyaneza, Joseph E. TI Seasonal Dispersal of the Potato Psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli, into Potato Crops SO SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article ID CANDIDATUS LIBERIBACTER SOLANACEARUM; ZEBRA CHIP DISEASE; HEMIPTERA TRIOZIDAE; NORTH-AMERICA; UNITED-STATES; AERIAL DISPERSAL; BEMISIA-TABACI; LIFE-HISTORY; NEW-ZEALAND; HAPLOTYPES AB Potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli, vectors the bacterium associated with the devastating zebra chip disease of potato, Solanum tuberosum L., in the United States, Mexico, Central America, and New Zealand. A seasonal pattern of appearance of the psyllid in crops from southern to northern regions of the United States is well documented. Potatoes are commonly grown as winter and summer crops in southern and northern parts, respectively, of the United States. No other plant material is available for psyllids when each crop is planted, and the psyllids must migrate into each crop each season. Appearance of psyllids in potato crops commonly starts at an initial focus, often at field margins or other breaks in the canopy, such as irrigation tracks. Psyllids readily jump and fly when disturbed, providing an obvious mechanism for dispersal within a crop. Good experimental evidence also supports longer distance dispersal of potato psyllid, from tens of meters to a few kilometers, most likely by cumulative short distances between suitable host plants within a region. Seasonal infestation observations suggest annual continental-wide migration of the psyllid, although little direct experimental evidence yet exists. Mechanisms for dispersal of potato psyllid over continental distances have been proposed, largely associated with seasonal wind patterns. However, recent overwintering observations in the northern regions of its native zone in the United States and identification of geographically-defined and genetically distinct potato psyllid populations, suggest a static regional status of at least some populations. Thus, a review of migration of potato psyllid into crops is presented herein, and a. new paradigm for considering overwintering strategies of potato psyllid is required. C1 [Nelson, Warrick R.] New Zealand Inst Plant & Food Res Ltd, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand. [Swisher, Kylie D.; Munyaneza, Joseph E.] ARS, USDA, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. [Crosslin, James M.] USDA ARS, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. RP Munyaneza, JE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Yakima Agr Res Lab, 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. EM Joseph.Munyaneza@ars.usda.gov RI Nelson, Warrick/B-2283-2008 OI Nelson, Warrick/0000-0001-6695-0533 FU USDA-RAMP Project [2009-51101-05892]; USDA-SCRI Project [2009-51181-20176] FX Financial support for this work was partially provided by USDA-RAMP Project #2009-51101-05892 and USDA-SCRI Project #2009-51181-20176. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture or the Agricultural Research Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 68 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 19 PU SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI DALLAS PA 17360 COIT RD, DALLAS, TX 75252-6599 USA SN 0147-1724 EI 2162-2647 J9 SOUTHWEST ENTOMOL JI Southw. Entomol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 39 IS 1 BP 177 EP 186 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AJ5GN UT WOS:000337710800017 ER PT J AU Esquivel, JF Ward, LA AF Esquivel, J. F. Ward, L. A. TI Characteristics for Determining Sex of Late-Instar Nezara viridula (L.) SO SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article ID IMMATURE STAGES; LIFE-HISTORY; HETEROPTERA; REDUVIIDAE C1 [Esquivel, J. F.] ARS, USDA, Insect Control & Cotton Dis Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Ward, L. A.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Entomol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Esquivel, JF (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Insect Control & Cotton Dis Res Unit, 2765 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM Jesus.Esquivel@ars.usda.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI DALLAS PA 17360 COIT RD, DALLAS, TX 75252-6599 USA SN 0147-1724 EI 2162-2647 J9 SOUTHWEST ENTOMOL JI Southw. Entomol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 39 IS 1 BP 187 EP 189 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AJ5GN UT WOS:000337710800018 ER PT J AU Kornecki, TS AF Kornecki, T. S. TI A POWERED ROLLER/CRIMPER FOR WALK-BEHIND TRACTORS TO TERMINATE COVER CROPS IN CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Cover crops; Roller/crimper; Walk-behind tractor; Small vegetable farms; Conservation agriculture ID ROLLER-CRIMPER AB Roller/crimper implements have been used in large conservation farming systems to terminate cover crops near maturity and flatten them down to create a mulch through which cash crops can be planted directly into the cover residue. On small farms, tractors are usually small and less powerful relative to large farms. Daily field operations are often limited by tractor size. In vegetable organic production systems, field operations are often done one bed at a time. Typical rollers/crimpers can be too heavy for the available tractors and too large for the narrow beds that are common in these smaller vegetable systems. To address needs associated with conservation practices on small farms, a new roller/crimper powered by a tractor's. PTO was developed for self-propelled, walk-behind tractors to allow small farms to successfully lay-down and terminate cover crops. This patented powered roller/crimper was tested in 2010, 2011, and 2012 to determine effectiveness of terminating a rye cover crop (Secale cereale L). In 2010, two weeks after rolling, the average rye termination rate was 87.5% compared to 40.8% for non-rolled rye. In 2011 and 2012, two weeks after application of rolling treatments, rye termination rates exceeded 97% (99.9% in 2011 and 97.5% in 2012) which were high enough to plant cash crops into desiccated rye residue. Three weeks after rolling, termination rates averaged over rolling treatments in each growing season were 98.9%, 100.0%, and 99.9%, for 2010, 2011, and 2012, respectively. Results showed that the powered roller/crimper successfully terminated rye and generated termination rates that were similar or higher compared to larger rollers. In 2010, there was evidence of significant soil moisture conservation, when one week after rolling rye, soil volumetric moisture content (VMC) for rolled/crimped rye residue ranged from 7.9% to 8.9% versus soil moisture for non-rolled control (standing rye) having a VMC of 5.0%. Similarly in 2012, one week after rolling, soil moisture under rolled rye reside was higher, from 10.6% to 11.3% VMC versus non-rolled rye (7.3%). Overall, the powered roller/crimper performed as well as larger and heavier rollers/crimpers and this concept can be applicable on small farms where limited power walk-behind tractors are used C1 USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. RP Kornecki, TS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, 411 South Donahue Dr, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM ted.kornecki@ars.usda.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 17 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 EI 1943-7838 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 30 IS 2 BP 153 EP 159 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA AI9QK UT WOS:000337267600003 ER PT J AU Allred, BJ Gamble, DL Levison, PW Scarbrough, RL Brown, LC Fausey, NR AF Allred, B. J. Gamble, D. L. Levison, P. W. Scarbrough, R. L. Brown, L. C. Fausey, N. R. TI FIELD TEST RESULTS FOR NITROGEN REMOVAL BY THE CONSTRUCTED WETLAND COMPONENT OF AN AGRICULTURAL WATER RECYCLING SYSTEM SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Constructed wetlands; Drainage water treatment; Nitrate; Ammonium; Total nitrogen ID NO3-N LEACHING LOSSES; ENHANCE CROP YIELDS; GULF-OF-MEXICO; SUBSURFACE DRAINAGE; TILE DRAINAGE; NITRATE LOSS; AMMONIUM OXIDATION; NUTRIENT REMOVAL; ANAMMOX PROCESS; DENITRIFICATION AB Wetland Reservoir Subirrigation Systems (WRSIS) are innovative agricultural water recycling systems that can provide economic and environmental benefits. A constructed wetland is a main component of WRSIS, and one important function of this constructed wetland is drainage water treatment of nitrogen. Four field tests were therefore conducted at a northwest Ohio WRSIS wetland to evaluate nitrate-nitrogen (NO3--N), ammonium-nitrogen (NH4+-N), and total nitrogen (TN) removal effectiveness. Tests I and 2 had lower inflow water volumes, shorter effective retention times, and smaller nitrogen fertilizer input loads. Test 3 had an intermediate inflow volume, intermediate effective retention time, and an intermediate nitrogen input load, while Test 4 had a high inflow volume, long effective retention time, and a large nitrogen input load. Based on nitrogen mass balance calculations, wetland processes reduced NO3--N, NH4+-N, and TN by 11.0%, 61.7%, and 13.2%, respectively, during Test I, 10.8%, 41.7%, and 11.7%, respectively, during Test 2, 44.0%, 87.5%, and 44.9%, respectively, during Test 3, and 15.6%, 81.1%, and 16.1%, respectively, during Test 4. Tests I, 2, and 3 were run consecutively, and if considered as a single test having three water inflow periods, three water outflow periods, and three nitrogen fertilizer inputs, then the NO3--N, NH4+ -N, and TN reductions for Test 1 -> 2 -> 3 were 36.8%, 78.1%, and 38.1%, respectively. Test 1 -> 2 -> 3 and Test 4 combined had NO3--N, NH4+-N, and TN reductions of 27.7%, 79.2%, and 28.5%, respectively. For the three tests conducted in May and June, 2009, Test 3 had the longest effective retention time, which may account for the better nitrogen reduction results achieved with Test 3 as compared to Tests I and 2. Cooler temperatures for Test 4 during October and November 2009 may have decreased denitrifying bacterial activity, in turn suppressing the amount of NO3--N and TN reduction obtained with Test 4. Overall results of this study indicate that WRSIS wetlands are capable of providing water quality benefits by removing substantial amounts of nitrogen present in drainage waters. C1 [Allred, B. J.; Gamble, D. L.; Levison, P. W.; Fausey, N. R.] USDA ARS, Soil Drainage Res Unit, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Scarbrough, R. L.] USDA NRCS, Van Wert, OH USA. [Brown, L. C.] Ohio State Univ, Food Agr & Biol Engn Dept, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Allred, BJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Soil Drainage Res Unit, 590 Woody Hayes Dr,RM 234, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM Barry.Allred@ars.usda.gov NR 79 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 19 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 EI 1943-7838 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 30 IS 2 BP 163 EP 177 PG 15 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA AI9QK UT WOS:000337267600004 ER PT J AU da Silva, MA Silva, MLN Curi, N Oliveira, AH Avanzi, C Norton, LD AF Aparecida da Silva, Mayesse Naves Silva, Marx Leandro Curi, Nilton Oliveira, Anna Hoffmann Avanzi, Junior Cesar Norton, Lloyd Darrell TI WATER EROSION RISK PREDICTION IN EUCALYPTUS PLANTATIONS SO CIENCIA E AGROTECNOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE USLE factors; soil loss tolerance; conservation practices; forest management ID SOIL LOSS EQUATION; MINAS-GERAIS STATE; TILLAGE SYSTEMS; ATLANTIC FOREST; RAINFALL; BRAZIL; LOSSES; EROSIVITY; REGION; GIS AB Eucalyptus plantations are normally found in vulnerable ecosystems such as steep slope, soil with low natural fertility and lands that were degraded by agriculture. The objective of this study was to obtain Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) factors and use them to estimate water erosion risk in regions with eucalyptus planted. The USLE factors were obtained in field plots under natural rainfall in the Rio Doce Basin, MG, Brazil, and the model applied to assess erosion risk using USLE in a Geographic Information System. The study area showed rainfall-runoff erosivity values from 10,721 to 10,642 MJ mm ha(-1) h(-1) yr(-1). Some soils (Latosols) had very low erodibility values (2.0 x 10(-4) and 1.0 x 10(-4)t h MJ(-1) mm(-1)), the topographic factor ranged from 0.03 to 10.57 and crop and management factor values obtained for native forest, eucalyptus and planted pasture were 0.09, 0.12 and 0.22, respectively. Water erosion risk estimates for current land use indicated that the areas where should receive more attention were mainly areas with greater topographic factors and those with Cambisols. Planning of forestry activities in this region should consider implementation of other conservation practices beyond those already used, reducing areas with a greater risk of soil erosion and increasing areas with very low risk. C1 [Aparecida da Silva, Mayesse] Int Ctr Trop Agr CIAT, Palmira, Valle Del Cauca, Colombia. [Naves Silva, Marx Leandro; Curi, Nilton; Oliveira, Anna Hoffmann] Univ Fed Lavras UFLA, DCS, Lavras, MG, Brazil. [Avanzi, Junior Cesar] Embrapa, Empresa Brasileira Pesquisa Agr, Ctr Nacl Pesquisa Pesca Aquicultura & Sistemas Ag, Palmas, TO, Brazil. [Norton, Lloyd Darrell] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP da Silva, MA (reprint author), Int Ctr Trop Agr CIAT, Recta Cali Palmira Km 17, Palmira, Valle Del Cauca, Colombia. EM mayesse@gmail.com FU Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development [CNPq - 471522/2012-0]; Celulose Nipo Brasileira S.A. (CENIBRA S.A.); Brazilian Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) FX The authors would like to thank the Brazilian Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) and the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq - 471522/2012-0) for grants, as well as Celulose Nipo Brasileira S.A. (CENIBRA S.A.) and its employees, in special Fernando Palha Leite, for caring for the experimental area and data collection. NR 50 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 34 PU UNIV FEDERAL LAVRAS-UFLA PI LAVRAS PA CAIXA POSTAL 3037, LAVRAS, MG 37200-000, BRAZIL SN 1413-7054 EI 1981-1829 J9 CIENC AGROTEC JI Cienc. Agrotec. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 38 IS 2 BP 160 EP 172 PG 13 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AI8FL UT WOS:000337144600007 ER PT J AU Marcone, C Guerra, LJ Uyemoto, JK AF Marcone, C. Guerra, L. J. Uyemoto, J. K. TI PHYTOPLASMAL DISEASES OF PEACH AND ASSOCIATED PHYTOPLASMA TAXA SO JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Review DE phytoplasmal etiology; X-disease; peach yellow leaf roll; European stone fruit yellows; symptomatology; phytoplasma taxonomy ID STONE FRUIT YELLOWS; ALMOND WITCHES-BROOM; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; MYCOPLASMA-LIKE ORGANISM; MEMBRANE-PROTEIN GENE; EASTERN X-DISEASE; LEAF ROLL DISEASE; 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; APPLE PROLIFERATION AB Phytoplasmal diseases occur wherever peach (Prunus persica) trees are grown. However, the causal agents differ considerably in taxonomy, insect vector relationships and geographic locations. X-disease of peach is widespread in North America, but does not occur elsewhere in the world. X-disease is induced by 'Candidatus Phytoplasma pruni', a member of the X-disease phytoplasma group (16SrIII group, subgroup 16SrIII-A). Peach rosette, peach red suture, and peach yellows, which occur in eastern United States and Canada are all caused by the X-disease phytoplasma. Another North America disease, peach yellow leaf roll (PYLR) is present in a limited area of northern California. Its causal agent is classified in the apple proliferation (AP) group, 16SrX group, as a subtype of the pear decline phytoplasma. In Europe, phytoplasmal diseases of peach are reported under the name European stone fruit yellows and incited by 'Ca. P. prunorum', a member of the AP group, subgroup 16SrX-B. 'Ca. P. prunorum' is closely related to the PYLR agent. In Lebanon and Iran, peach trees are affected by almond witches' broom, a lethal disease incited by 'Ca. P. phoenicium', a member of the 16SrIX group, subgroup 16SrIX-B. Phytoplasmas of other phylogenetic groups, known to infect a wide range of plant hosts, have been identified in declining peach trees in several fruit-growing areas of the world. The pathological relevance of several 'non-peach' phytoplasmas requires further investigations as their presence was ascertained by nested PCR assays only. C1 [Marcone, C.] Univ Salerno, Dept Pharm, I-84084 Salerno, Italy. [Guerra, L. J.] Washington State Dept Agr, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Uyemoto, J. K.] Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Marcone, C (reprint author), Univ Salerno, Dept Pharm, Via Giovanni Paolo 2,132, I-84084 Salerno, Italy. EM cmarcone@unisa.it NR 121 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 15 PU EDIZIONI ETS PI PISA PA PIAZZA CARRARA 16-19, 56126 PISA, ITALY SN 1125-4653 J9 J PLANT PATHOL JI J. Plant Pathol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 96 IS 1 BP 15 EP 28 PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AI9WD UT WOS:000337293200002 ER PT J AU Decker, JE McKay, SD Rolf, MM Kim, J Alcala, AM Sonstegard, TS Hanotte, O Gotherstrom, A Seabury, CM Praharani, L Babar, ME Regitano, LCD Yildiz, MA Heaton, MP Liu, WS Lei, CZ Reecy, JM Saif-Ur-Rehman, M Schnabel, RD Taylor, JF AF Decker, Jared E. McKay, Stephanie D. Rolf, Megan M. Kim, JaeWoo Molina Alcala, Antonio Sonstegard, Tad S. Hanotte, Olivier Gotherstrom, Anders Seabury, Christopher M. Praharani, Lisa Babar, Masroor Ellahi de Almeida Regitano, Luciana Correia Yildiz, Mehmet Ali Heaton, Michael P. Liu, Wan-Sheng Lei, Chu-Zhao Reecy, James M. Saif-Ur-Rehman, Muhammad Schnabel, Robert D. Taylor, Jeremy F. TI Worldwide Patterns of Ancestry, Divergence, and Admixture in Domesticated Cattle SO PLOS GENETICS LA English DT Article ID SNP VARIATION REVEALS; GENOME-WIDE SURVEY; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; GENETIC-STRUCTURE; EUROPEAN CATTLE; ANCIENT DNA; ANIMAL DOMESTICATION; AFRICAN PASTORALISM; PIG DOMESTICATION; BOS-TAURUS AB The domestication and development of cattle has considerably impacted human societies, but the histories of cattle breeds and populations have been poorly understood especially for African, Asian, and American breeds. Using genotypes from 43,043 autosomal single nucleotide polymorphism markers scored in 1,543 animals, we evaluate the population structure of 134 domesticated bovid breeds. Regardless of the analytical method or sample subset, the three major groups of Asian indicine, Eurasian taurine, and African taurine were consistently observed. Patterns of geographic dispersal resulting from co-migration with humans and exportation are recognizable in phylogenetic networks. All analytical methods reveal patterns of hybridization which occurred after divergence. Using 19 breeds, we map the cline of indicine introgression into Africa. We infer that African taurine possess a large portion of wild African auroch ancestry, causing their divergence from Eurasian taurine. We detect exportation patterns in Asia and identify a cline of Eurasian taurine/indicine hybridization in Asia. We also identify the influence of species other than Bos taurus taurus and B. t. indicus in the formation of Asian breeds. We detect the pronounced influence of Shorthorn cattle in the formation of European breeds. Iberian and Italian cattle possess introgression from African taurine. American Criollo cattle originate from Iberia, and not directly from Africa with African ancestry inherited via Iberian ancestors. Indicine introgression into American cattle occurred in the Americas, and not Europe. We argue that cattle migration, movement and trading followed by admixture have been important forces in shaping modern bovine genomic variation. C1 [Decker, Jared E.; Kim, JaeWoo; Schnabel, Robert D.; Taylor, Jeremy F.] Univ Missouri, Div Anim Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [McKay, Stephanie D.] Univ Vermont, Dept Anim Sci, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Rolf, Megan M.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Molina Alcala, Antonio] Univ Cordoba, Fac Vet, Dept Genet, Cordoba, Spain. [Sonstegard, Tad S.] ARS, USDA, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Hanotte, Olivier] Univ Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England. [Gotherstrom, Anders] Uppsala Univ, Evolutionary Biol Ctr, Uppsala, Sweden. [Seabury, Christopher M.] Texas A&M Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Pathobiol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Praharani, Lisa] Indonesian Res Inst Anim Prod, Bogor, Indonesia. [Babar, Masroor Ellahi] Univ Vet & Anim Sci, Inst Biochem & Biotechnol, Lahore, Pakistan. [de Almeida Regitano, Luciana Correia] Embrapa Pecuaria Sudeste, Anim Mol Genet, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Yildiz, Mehmet Ali] Ankara Univ, TR-06100 Ankara, Turkey. [Heaton, Michael P.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE USA. [Liu, Wan-Sheng] Penn State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Lei, Chu-Zhao] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Yangling, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Reecy, James M.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA USA. [Saif-Ur-Rehman, Muhammad] Univ Agr Faisalabad, Dept Anim Breeding & Genet, Faisalabad, Pakistan. RP Decker, JE (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Div Anim Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM DeckerJE@missouri.edu; taylorjerr@missouri.edu RI Regitano, Luciana/C-7002-2012; OI Regitano, Luciana/0000-0001-9242-8351; Schnabel, Robert/0000-0001-5018-7641; Decker, Jared/0000-0001-5685-7343; Gotherstrom, Anders/0000-0001-8579-1304 FU USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service [2008-35205-04687, 2008-35205-18864]; USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2009-65205-05635, 2011-68004-30214, 2011-68004-30367, 2013-68004-20364] FX This project was supported by National Research Initiative grants number 2008-35205-04687 and 2008-35205-18864 from the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service and National Research Initiative grants number 2009-65205-05635, 2011-68004-30214, 2011-68004-30367 and 2013-68004-20364 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 58 TC 58 Z9 60 U1 7 U2 59 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-7390 EI 1553-7404 J9 PLOS GENET JI PLoS Genet. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 10 IS 3 AR e1004254 DI 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004254 PG 14 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA AI8FM UT WOS:000337144700067 PM 24675901 ER PT J AU Williams, SR Yang, Q Chen, F Liu, X Keene, KL Jacques, P Chen, WM Weinstein, G Hsu, FC Beiser, A Wang, LW Bookman, E Doheny, KF Wolf, PA Zilka, M Selhub, J Nelson, S Gogarten, SM Worrall, BB Seshadri, S Sale, MM AF Williams, Stephen R. Yang, Qiong Chen, Fang Liu, Xuan Keene, Keith L. Jacques, Paul Chen, Wei-Min Weinstein, Galit Hsu, Fang-Chi Beiser, Alexa Wang, Liewei Bookman, Ebony Doheny, Kimberly F. Wolf, Philip A. Zilka, Michelle Selhub, Jacob Nelson, Sarah Gogarten, Stephanie M. Worrall, Bradford B. Seshadri, Sudha Sale, Michele M. CA Genomics Randomized Trials Network Framingham Heart Study TI Genome-Wide Meta-Analysis of Homocysteine and Methionine Metabolism Identifies Five One Carbon Metabolism Loci and a Novel Association of ALDH1L1 with Ischemic Stroke SO PLOS GENETICS LA English DT Article ID INDEPENDENT RISK-FACTOR; CYSTATHIONINE BETA-SYNTHASE; GLYCINE N-METHYLTRANSFERASE; VASCULAR-DISEASE; PLASMA HOMOCYSTEINE; DNA METHYLATION; GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS; VITAMIN INTERVENTION; MOLECULAR-BASIS; POTENTIAL ROLE AB Circulating homocysteine levels (tHcy), a product of the folate one carbon metabolism pathway (FOCM) through the demethylation of methionine, are heritable and are associated with an increased risk of common diseases such as stroke, cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer and dementia. The FOCM is the sole source of de novo methyl group synthesis, impacting many biological and epigenetic pathways. However, the genetic determinants of elevated tHcy (hyperhomocysteinemia), dysregulation of methionine metabolism and the underlying biological processes remain unclear. We conducted independent genome-wide association studies and a meta-analysis of methionine metabolism, characterized by post-methionine load test tHcy, in 2,710 participants from the Framingham Heart Study (FHS) and 2,100 participants from the Vitamin Intervention for Stroke Prevention (VISP) clinical trial, and then examined the association of the identified loci with incident stroke in FHS. Five genes in the FOCM pathway (GNMT [p = 1.60 x 10(-63)], CBS [p = 3.15 x 10(-26)], CPS1 [p = 9.10 x 10(-13)], ALDH1L1 [p = 7.3 x 10(-13)] and PSPH [p = 1.17 x 10(-16)]) were strongly associated with the difference between pre- and post-methionine load test tHcy levels (Delta POST). Of these, one variant in the ALDH1L1 locus, rs2364368, was associated with incident ischemic stroke. Promoter analyses reveal genetic and epigenetic differences that may explain a direct effect on GNMT transcription and a downstream affect on methionine metabolism. Additionally, a genetic-score consisting of the five significant loci explains 13% of the variance of DPOST in FHS and 6% of the variance in VISP. Association between variants in FOCM genes with Delta POST suggest novel mechanisms that lead to differences in methionine metabolism, and possibly the epigenome, impacting disease risk. These data emphasize the importance of a concerted effort to understand regulators of one carbon metabolism as potential therapeutic targets. C1 [Williams, Stephen R.; Chen, Fang; Keene, Keith L.; Chen, Wei-Min; Sale, Michele M.] Univ Virginia, Ctr Publ Hlth Genom, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Williams, Stephen R.] Univ Virginia, Cardiovasc Res Ctr, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Yang, Qiong; Liu, Xuan; Beiser, Alexa] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA USA. [Yang, Qiong] Framingham Heart Dis Epidemiol Study, Framingham, MA USA. [Keene, Keith L.; Worrall, Bradford B.] Univ Virginia, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Keene, Keith L.] E Carolina Univ, Dept Biol, Greenville, NC USA. [Keene, Keith L.] E Carolina Univ, Ctr Hlth Dispar Res, Greenville, NC USA. [Jacques, Paul; Selhub, Jacob] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Jacques, Paul; Selhub, Jacob] Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Weinstein, Galit; Wolf, Philip A.; Seshadri, Sudha] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Hsu, Fang-Chi] Wake Forest Sch Med, Dept Biostat Sci, Winston Salem, NC USA. [Wang, Liewei] Mayo Clin, Coll Med, Dept Mol Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut, Rochester, MN USA. [Bookman, Ebony] NHGRI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Doheny, Kimberly F.; Zilka, Michelle] Johns Hopkins Univ, Ctr Inherited Dis Res, Baltimore, MD USA. [Nelson, Sarah; Gogarten, Stephanie M.] Univ Washington, Dept Biostat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Worrall, Bradford B.] Univ Virginia, Dept Neurol, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Sale, Michele M.] Univ Virginia, Dept Med, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Sale, Michele M.] Univ Virginia, Dept Biochem & Mol Genet, Charlottesville, VA USA. RP Williams, SR (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Ctr Publ Hlth Genom, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. EM ms5fe@eservices.virginia.edu OI Seshadri, Sudha/0000-0001-6135-2622; Williams, Stephen/0000-0003-2108-2757; Gogarten, Stephanie/0000-0002-7231-9745; Beiser, Alexa/0000-0001-8551-7778 FU National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study [N01-HC-25195]; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke [NS17950]; National Heart, Lung and Blood Association [U01HL 096917]; National Institute of Aging [AG08122, AG033193]; Robert Dawson Evans Endowment of the Department of Medicine at Boston University School of Medicine; Boston Medical Center; National Human Genome Research institute; Genomics and Randomized Trials Network [U01HG00516-03] FX This work was supported by the dedication of the Framingham Heart Study participants, the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study (Contract No. N01-HC-25195, http://www.framinghamheartstudy.org/) and by grants from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS17950, www.ninds.nih.gov/), the National Heart, Lung and Blood Association (U01HL 096917, www.nhlbi.nih.gov) and the National Institute of Aging (AG08122, AG033193, www.nia.nih.gov). A portion of FHS computations were using the Linux Cluster for Genetic Analysis (LinGA-II) funded by the Robert Dawson Evans Endowment of the Department of Medicine at Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center. Additionally, VISP is supported by the National Human Genome Research institute and the Genomics and Randomized Trials Network (U01HG00516-03, http://www.genome.gov/27541119). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 55 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 15 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-7390 EI 1553-7404 J9 PLOS GENET JI PLoS Genet. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 10 IS 3 AR e1004214 DI 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004214 PG 13 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA AI8FM UT WOS:000337144700039 PM 24651765 ER PT J AU Daniels, P Poermadjaja, B Morrissy, C Ngo, TL Selleck, P Kalpravidh, W Weaver, J Wong, F Torchetti, MK Allen, J Padungtod, P Davis, A Suradhat, S Morzaria, S AF Daniels, Peter Poermadjaja, Bagoes Morrissy, Chris Thanh Long Ngo Selleck, Paul Kalpravidh, Wantanee Weaver, John Wong, Frank Torchetti, Mia Kim Allen, John Padungtod, Parwin Davis, Andrew Suradhat, Sanipa Morzaria, Subhash TI Development of Veterinary Laboratory Networks for Avian Influenza and Other Emerging Infectious Disease Control: The Southeast Asian Experience SO ECOHEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material DE veterinary laboratory; capacity building; Southeast Asia; EID preparedness; H5N1; HPAI AB The outbreak of highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza, with its international spread, confirmed that emerging infectious disease control must be underpinned by effective laboratory services. Laboratory results are the essential data underpinning effective surveillance, case diagnosis, or monitoring of responses. Importantly, laboratories are best managed within national and international networks of technological support rather than in isolation. A well planned laboratory network can deliver both a geographical spread of testing capacity and also a cost effective hierarchy of capability. Hence in the international context regional networks can be particularly effective. Laboratories are an integral part of a country's veterinary services and their role and function should be clearly defined in the national animal health strategy and supporting government policies. Not every laboratory should be expected to deliver every possible service, and integration into regional and broader international networks should be a part of the overall strategy. The outputs required of each laboratory should be defined and then ensured through accredited quality assurance. The political and scientific environment in which laboratories operate changes continuously, not only through evolving national and regional animal health priorities but also through new test technologies and enhancements to existing technologies. Active networks help individual laboratories to monitor, evaluate, and respond to such challenges and opportunities. The end result is enhanced emerging infectious disease preparedness across the region. C1 [Daniels, Peter; Morrissy, Chris; Selleck, Paul; Wong, Frank; Allen, John; Davis, Andrew] CSIRO, Australian Anim Hlth Lab, OIE Collaborating Ctr Lab Capac Bldg, Geelong, Vic 3220, Australia. [Poermadjaja, Bagoes] Minist Agr, Jakarta 12550, Indonesia. [Thanh Long Ngo] Reg Anim Hlth Off, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. [Kalpravidh, Wantanee; Torchetti, Mia Kim; Padungtod, Parwin; Suradhat, Sanipa; Morzaria, Subhash] FAO Reg Off Asia & Pacific, Bangkok 10200, Thailand. [Weaver, John] Minist Agr, Gd C, AIPEID Program, Jakarta 12550, Indonesia. [Torchetti, Mia Kim] USDA, Diagnost Virol Lab, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Davis, Andrew] OIE Sub Reg Representat South East Asia, Dept Livestock Dev, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Daniels, P (reprint author), CSIRO, Australian Anim Hlth Lab, OIE Collaborating Ctr Lab Capac Bldg, PMB 24, Geelong, Vic 3220, Australia. EM peter.daniels@csiro.au RI Wong, Frank/H-1950-2013; OI Davis, Andrew/0000-0001-9254-4045 NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1612-9202 EI 1612-9210 J9 ECOHEALTH JI EcoHealth PD MAR PY 2014 VL 11 IS 1 BP 44 EP 49 DI 10.1007/s10393-014-0909-z PG 6 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AI7MP UT WOS:000337076000006 PM 24504903 ER PT J AU Swayne, DE Spackman, E Pantin-Jackwood, M AF Swayne, David E. Spackman, Erica Pantin-Jackwood, Mary TI Success Factors for Avian Influenza Vaccine Use in Poultry and Potential Impact at the Wild Bird-Agricultural Interface SO ECOHEALTH LA English DT Review DE Avian influenza; disease; poultry; vaccination; vaccines; wild birds ID OIL-EMULSION VACCINES; EXPRESSED HEMAGGLUTININ PROTECTS; NEWCASTLE-DISEASE VIRUS; FOWL POXVIRUS VACCINE; H5N1 INFLUENZA; PEKIN DUCKS; INACTIVATED VACCINES; LIMITED PROTECTION; REVERSE GENETICS; OVO VACCINATION AB Thirty-two epizootics of high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) have been reported in poultry and other birds since 1959. The ongoing H5N1 HPAI epizootic that began in 1996 has also spilled over to infect wild birds. Traditional stamping-out programs in poultry have resulted in eradication of most HPAI epizootics. However, vaccination of poultry was added as a control tool in 1995 and has been used during five epizootics. Over 113 billion doses of AI vaccine have been used in poultry from 2002 to 2010 as oil-emulsified, inactivated whole AIV vaccines (95.5%) and live vectored vaccines (4.5%). Over 99% of the vaccine has been used in the four H5N1 HPAI enzootic countries: China including Hong Kong (91%), Egypt (4.7%), Indonesia (2.3%), and Vietnam (1.4%) where vaccination programs have been nationwide and routine to all poultry. Ten other countries used vaccine in poultry in a focused, risk-based manner but this accounted for less than 1% of the vaccine used. Most vaccine "failures" have resulted from problems in the vaccination process; i.e., failure to adequately administer the vaccine to at-risk poultry resulting in lack of population immunity, while fewer failures have resulted from antigenic drift of field viruses away from the vaccine viruses. It is currently not feasible to vaccinate wild birds against H5N1 HPAI, but naturally occurring infections with H5 low pathogenicity avian influenza viruses may generate cross-protective immunity against H5N1 HPAI. The most feasible method to prevent and control H5N1 HPAI in wild birds is through control of the disease in poultry with use of vaccine to reduce environmental burden of H5N1 HPAIV, and eventual eradication of the virus in domestic poultry, especially in domestic ducks which are raised in enzootic countries on range or in other outdoor systems having contact with wild aquatic and periurban terrestrial birds. C1 [Swayne, David E.; Spackman, Erica; Pantin-Jackwood, Mary] ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Res Unit, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Swayne, DE (reprint author), ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Res Unit, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM David.Swayne@ars.usda.gov NR 98 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 6 U2 53 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1612-9202 EI 1612-9210 J9 ECOHEALTH JI EcoHealth PD MAR PY 2014 VL 11 IS 1 BP 94 EP 108 DI 10.1007/s10393-013-0861-3 PG 15 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AI7MP UT WOS:000337076000012 PM 24026475 ER PT J AU Xu, S Zhou, ZY Lu, HZ Luo, XW Lan, YB AF Xu, Sai Zhou, Zhiyan Lu, Huazhong Luo, Xiwen Lan, Yubin TI Improved Algorithms for the Classification of Rough Rice Using a Bionic Electronic Nose Based on PCA and the Wilks Distribution SO SENSORS LA English DT Article DE wilks distribution; principle component analysis (PCA); bionic electronic nose; gas sensor; rough rice; classification and recognition; probabilistic neural networks ID PROBABILISTIC NEURAL-NETWORK; IDENTIFICATION; SENSORS AB Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is one of the main methods used for electronic nose pattern recognition. However, poor classification performance is common in classification and recognition when using regular PCA. This paper aims to improve the classification performance of regular PCA based on the existing Wilks.-statistic (i.e., combined PCA with the Wilks distribution). The improved algorithms, which combine regular PCA with the Wilks.-statistic, were developed after analysing the functionality and defects of PCA. Verification tests were conducted using a PEN3 electronic nose. The collected samples consisted of the volatiles of six varieties of rough rice (Zhongxiang1, Xiangwan13, Yaopingxiang, WufengyouT025, Pin 36, and Youyou122), grown in same area and season. The first two principal components used as analysis vectors cannot perform the rough rice varieties classification task based on a regular PCA. Using the improved algorithms, which combine the regular PCA with the Wilks.-statistic, many different principal components were selected as analysis vectors. The set of data points of the Mahalanobis distance between each of the varieties of rough rice was selected to estimate the performance of the classification. The result illustrates that the rough rice varieties classification task is achieved well using the improved algorithm. A Probabilistic Neural Networks (PNN) was also established to test the effectiveness of the improved algorithms. The first two principal components (namely PC1 and PC2) and the first and fifth principal component (namely PC1 and PC5) were selected as the inputs of PNN for the classification of the six rough rice varieties. The results indicate that the classification accuracy based on the improved algorithm was improved by 6.67% compared to the results of the regular method. These results prove the effectiveness of using the Wilks A-statistic to improve the classification accuracy of the regular PCA approach. The results also indicate that the electronic nose provides a non-destructive and rapid classification method for rough rice. C1 [Xu, Sai; Zhou, Zhiyan; Lu, Huazhong; Luo, Xiwen] South China Agr Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Key Technol Agr Machine & Equipment, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Xu, Sai; Zhou, Zhiyan; Lu, Huazhong; Luo, Xiwen] South China Agr Univ, Coll Engn, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Lan, Yubin] ARS, USDA, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Zhou, ZY (reprint author), South China Agr Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Key Technol Agr Machine & Equipment, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM 294504658@qq.com; zyzhou@scau.edu.cn; huazlu@scau.edu.cn; xwluo@scau.edu.cn; yubin.lan@ars.usda.gov FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31371539]; Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province of China [S2012040007613] FX The authors thank the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project No.: 31371539) and the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province of China (Project No.: S2012040007613) for funding this research. The authors also thank the anonymous reviewers for their critical comments and suggestions to improve the manuscript. NR 29 TC 3 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 28 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1424-8220 J9 SENSORS-BASEL JI Sensors PD MAR PY 2014 VL 14 IS 3 BP 5486 EP 5501 DI 10.3390/s140305486 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA AI3SU UT WOS:000336783300087 PM 24651725 ER PT J AU Smith, RG Davis, AS Jordan, NR Atwood, LW Daly, AB Grandy, AS Hunter, MC Koide, RT Mortensen, DA Ewing, P Kane, D Li, M Lou, Y Snapp, SS Spokas, KA Yannarell, AC AF Smith, Richard. G. Davis, Adam S. Jordan, Nicholas R. Atwood, Lesley W. Daly, Amanda B. Grandy, A. Stuart Hunter, Mitchell C. Koide, Roger T. Mortensen, David A. Ewing, Patrick Kane, Daniel Li, Meng Lou, Yi Snapp, Sieglinde S. Spokas, Kurt A. Yannarell, Anthony C. TI Structural Equation Modeling Facilitates Transdisciplinary Research on Agriculture and Climate Change SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT; SCIENCE; MANAGEMENT; COLLABORATION; ENVIRONMENT; INTEGRATION; CHALLENGE; KNOWLEDGE AB Increasingly, funding agencies are investing in integrated and transdisciplinary research to tackle "grand challenge" priority areas, critical for sustaining agriculture and protecting the environment. Coordinating multidisciplinary research teams capable of addressing these priority areas, however, presents its own unique set of challenges, ranging from bridging across multiple disciplinary perspectives to achieve common questions and methods to facilitating engagement in holistic and integrative thinking that promotes linkages from scholarship to societal needs. We propose that structural equation modeling (SEM) can provide a powerful framework for synergizing multidisciplinary research teams around grand challenge issues. Structural equation modeling can integrate both visual and statistical expression of complex hypotheses at all stages of the research process, from planning to analysis. Three elements of the SEM framework are particularly beneficial to multidisciplinary research teams; these include (i) a common graphical language that transcends disciplinary boundaries, (ii) iterative, critical evaluation of complex hypotheses involving manifest and latent variables and direct and indirect interactions, and (iii) enhanced opportunities to discover unanticipated interactions or causal pathways as empirical data are tested statistically against the model. Using our ongoing multidisciplinary, multisite field investigation of climate change adaptation and mitigation in annual row crop agroecosystems as a case study, we demonstrate the value of the SEM framework for project design, coordination, and implementation and provide recommendations for its broader application as a means to more effectively engage and address issues of critical societal concern. C1 [Smith, Richard. G.; Atwood, Lesley W.; Daly, Amanda B.; Grandy, A. Stuart] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Davis, Adam S.] USDA ARS, Global Change & Photosynth Res Unit, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Jordan, Nicholas R.; Ewing, Patrick] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Hunter, Mitchell C.; Mortensen, David A.] Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Koide, Roger T.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Biol, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Snapp, Sieglinde S.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Li, Meng] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Lou, Yi; Yannarell, Anthony C.] Univ Illinois, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Spokas, Kurt A.] USDA ARS, Soil & Water Management Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Smith, RG (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM richard.smith@unh.edu RI Spokas, Kurt/F-4839-2016; OI Spokas, Kurt/0000-0002-5049-5959; Hunter, Mitchell/0000-0002-4562-7806 FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (AFRI) Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation in Agriculture Grant from USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-67003-30343]; National Science Foundation [DGE1255832]; New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station FX This project was supported by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (AFRI) Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation in Agriculture Grant 2011-67003-30343 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. This material is based on work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. DGE1255832. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the U.S. Department of Agriculture or the National Science Foundation. Partial funding was provided by the New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station. This is Scientific Contribution Number 2515. NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 31 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 54 IS 2 BP 475 EP 483 DI 10.2135/cropsci2013.07.0474 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AI3FS UT WOS:000336746800002 ER PT J AU Zhang, ZN Hao, JJ Yuan, JZ Song, QJ Hyten, DL Cregan, PB Zhang, GR Gu, CH Li, M Wang, DC AF Zhang, Zhongnan Hao, Jianjun Yuan, Jiazheng Song, Qijian Hyten, David L. Cregan, Perry B. Zhang, Guorong Gu, Cuihua Li, Ming Wang, Dechun TI Phytophthora Root Rot Resistance in Soybean E00003 SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MEGASPERMA VAR SOJAE; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; MAJOR GENE; MARKERS; INHERITANCE; LINKAGE; RPS1-K; IDENTIFICATION; ALLELE; RPS7 AB Phytophthora root rot (PRR) is a devastating disease in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] production. Michigan elite soybean E00003 is resistant to Phytophthora sojae and has been used as a resistance source in breeding. Genetic control of PRR resistance in this source is unknown. To facilitate marker-assisted selection (MAS), the PRR resistance loci in E00003 and their map locations need to be determined. In this study, a genetic mapping approach was used to identify major PRR - resistant loci in E00003. The mapping population consists of 240 F-4-derived lines developed by crossing E00003 with the P. sojae susceptible line PI 567543C. In 2009 and 2010, the mapping population was evaluated in the greenhouse for PRR resistance against P. sojae races 1, 4, and 7, using modified rice (Oryza sativa L.) grain inoculation method. The population was genotyped with seven simple sequence repeat (SSR) and three single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers derived from bulk segregant analysis. The heritability of resistance in the population ranged from 83 to 94%. A major locus, contributing 50 to 76% of the phenotypic variation, was mapped within a 3 cM interval in the Rps1 region. The interval was further saturated with more BARCSOY SSRs and SNPs with TaqMan assays. Two SSRs and three SNPs within the Rps1k gene were highly associated with PRR resistance in the mapping population. The major resistance gene in E00003 is either allelic or tightly linked to Rps1k. The molecular markers located in the Rps1k gene can be used to improve MAS for PRR resistance. C1 [Zhang, Zhongnan; Hao, Jianjun; Yuan, Jiazheng; Gu, Cuihua; Wang, Dechun] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Song, Qijian; Hyten, David L.; Cregan, Perry B.] USDA ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Zhang, Guorong] Kansas State Univ, Agr Res Ctr Hays, Hays, KS 67601 USA. [Li, Ming] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Pediat, Div Biostat, Little Rock, AR 72202 USA. RP Wang, DC (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM wangdech@msu.edu OI Hyten, David/0000-0001-6324-9389 NR 42 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 14 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 54 IS 2 BP 492 EP 499 DI 10.2135/cropsci2012.11.0631 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AI3FS UT WOS:000336746800004 ER PT J AU Bechere, E Boykin, JC Zeng, L AF Bechere, Efrem Boykin, J. C. Zeng, L. TI Genetics of Ginning Efficiency and Its Genotypic and Phenotypic Correlations with Agronomic and Fiber Traits in Upland Cotton SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD-ESTIMATION; REGISTRATION; YIELD; MODEL AB Information regarding genetic variability and correlations of desirable traits provide a reliable basis for cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) improvement. The objective of this research was to study the genetics of ginning efficiency and estimate genotypic correlations of ginning energy requirements and ginning rate with some agronomic and quality traits in two upland cotton crosses. F-2 plants from two segregating families were used to produce F-3 plants, from which 62 individual plants from each of the two populations were randomly harvested in 2009 to produce progeny rows which were planted in two replications at two environments at Stoneville, MS during 2010 and 2012. The highest broad-sense heritability was observed for fuzz percentage followed by net ginning energy, gross ginning energy, and ginning rate. Significant positive genotypic correlations were observed between fuzz percentage, net ginning energy, and gross ginning energy. Fuzz percentage, however, had a significant negative genotypic correlation with ginning rate. Ginning rate was negatively and significantly correlated with net ginning energy and gross ginning energy. Net ginning energy had a significant positive genotypic relationship with gross ginning energy. These results hold true for both populations. Results also indicated a high genetic advance from selection for fuzz percentage. These results, coupled with the fact that fuzz percentage is easier, faster, and much less expensive to measure, make it a good candidate for selecting for ginning efficiency. C1 [Bechere, Efrem; Zeng, L.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Boykin, J. C.] USDA ARS, Cotton Ginning Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Bechere, E (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM efrem.bechere@ars.usda.gov FU National Program 301 (Plant Genetic Resources, Genomics and Genetic Improvement); ARS [6402-21000-033-00D] FX This research is part of the National Program 301 (Plant Genetic Resources, Genomics and Genetic Improvement) and is funded through ARS Project Number 6402-21000-033-00D. The authors would like to thank Dr. W. R. Meredith for developing the two crosses in the study. Gratitude is also extended to Debbie Boykin for her statistical advice in analyzing the data. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 54 IS 2 BP 507 EP 513 DI 10.2135/cropsci2013.05.0337 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AI3FS UT WOS:000336746800006 ER PT J AU Zeng, A Chen, P Shi, A Wang, D Zhang, B Orazaly, M Florez-Palacios, L Brye, K Song, Q Cregan, P AF Zeng, A. Chen, P. Shi, A. Wang, D. Zhang, B. Orazaly, M. Florez-Palacios, L. Brye, K. Song, Q. Cregan, P. TI Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci for Sucrose Content in Soybean Seed SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID GENETIC-LINKAGE MAP; GLYCINE-MAX; SUGAR CONTENT; OLIGOSACCHARIDES; VARIABILITY; MARKERS; VALUES AB Sucrose is a desirable sugar in soybean seed that affects the quality of soyfoods and feed; therefore, soybean cultivars with high sucrose would be valuable for soyfood and soybean meal markets. The objective of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with seed sucrose content using simple sequence repeat (SSR) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers that can be used for indirect selection in breeding. A low sucrose line, MFS-553, was crossed with a high sucrose plant introduction, PI 243545, to develop an F-2-derived QTL mapping population. A total of 626 SSR primers covering 20 soybean chromosomes were used to screen the parents and 209 SSR markers were polymorphic. The polymorphic SSR markers were used to genotype 220 F-2:3 lines. Subsequently, a total of 94 F-3:4 lines derived from the initial F-2:3 population were genotyped with 5361 SNP markers spanning 20 chromosomes, of which 2016 were polymorphic. Seed from the F-2:3, F-3:5, and F-3:6 lines were analyzed for sucrose using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Following the linkage map construction, composite interval mapping (CIM) and multiple interval mapping (MIM) were performed to locate sucrose QTL. Three novel QTLs for seed sucrose were mapped to chromosomes 5, 9, and 16, accounting for 46, 10 and 8%, respectively, of the phenotypic variation for sucrose content. SSR and SNP markers linked to these QTLs can be used for marker assisted selection (MAS) in breeding soybean lines with the desired sugar profile. C1 [Zeng, A.; Chen, P.; Orazaly, M.; Florez-Palacios, L.; Brye, K.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Crop Soil & Environm Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Shi, A.] Syngenta Seeds Inc, Slater, IA 50224 USA. [Wang, D.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Zhang, B.] Virginia State Univ, Agr Res Stn, Petersburg, VA 23806 USA. [Song, Q.; Cregan, P.] ARS, USDA, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr West, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Chen, P (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Crop Soil & Environm Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM pchen@uark.edu FU United Soybean Board; Arkansas Soybean Promotion Board FX This work was supported by United Soybean Board and Arkansas Soybean Promotion Board. I would also like to thank the members of the soybean breeding program at the University of Arkansas for helping me with the field experiments. NR 36 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 13 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 54 IS 2 BP 554 EP 564 DI 10.2135/cropsci2013.01.0036 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AI3FS UT WOS:000336746800012 ER PT J AU Somo, M Chao, SM Acevedo, M Zurn, J Cai, XW Marais, F AF Somo, Mohamed Chao, Shiaoman Acevedo, Maricelis Zurn, Jason Cai, Xiwen Marais, Francois TI A Genomic Comparison of Homoeologous Recombinants of the Lr19 (T4) Translocation in Wheat SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID LEAF-RUST RESISTANCE; PUCCINIA-TRITICINA; COMMON WHEAT; BREAD WHEAT; CONFERRING RESISTANCE; LOPHOPYRUM-ELONGATUM; CHROMOSOME SEGMENT; MODIFIED FORMS; PHYSICAL MAP; SPRING WHEAT AB The Lr19 translocation continues to provide broad resistance to Puccinia triticina in many parts of the world and can be particularly useful in resistance gene pyramids. Previously, an associated gene for yellow endosperm pigmentation precluded its use in many countries, and as a result, allosyndetic recombinants and mutants lacking the pigmentation genes have been developed. Such a primary white endosperm recombinant (Lr19-149) and four secondary recombinants (Lr19-149-252, -299, -462, and -478) were obtained in earlier studies. This study characterized the translocations making use of fluorescence genomic in situ hybridization (FGISH), simple sequence repeat (SSR), sequence tagged site (STS), and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. The recombined segments were shown to be intercalary inserts of different size and were mapped to the most distal 7BL deletion bin. In addition to a previously reported duplication that involves the Wsp-1 locus, primary recombinant -149 also has a deletion of the PSY-1 containing region. These apparently small aberrations have been retained in three of the secondary recombinants that resulted from single, proximal crossovers. The fourth secondary recombinant (-478) resulted from a distal crossover that apparently restored a normal wheat telomeric region with single copies of the Wsp-B1 and PSY-B1 loci and appears to be the most useful. C1 [Somo, Mohamed; Cai, Xiwen; Marais, Francois] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Chao, Shiaoman] USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Acevedo, Maricelis; Zurn, Jason] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. RP Marais, F (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. EM gideon.marais@ndsu.edu FU North Dakota Wheat Commission; Minnesota Wheat Research and Promotion Council FX The North Dakota Wheat Commission and Minnesota Wheat Research and Promotion Council provided research funding for the project. We furthermore wish to thank Rachel McArthur, Xianwen Zhu, and Guojia Ma for their help and technical advice. NR 48 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 8 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 54 IS 2 BP 565 EP 575 DI 10.2135/cropsci2013.06.0367 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AI3FS UT WOS:000336746800013 ER PT J AU Smallwood, CJ Nyinyi, CN Kopsell, DA Sams, CE West, DR Chen, PY Kantartzi, SK Cregan, PB Hyten, DL Pantalone, VR AF Smallwood, Christopher J. Nyinyi, Catherine N. Kopsell, Dean A. Sams, Carl E. West, Dennis R. Chen, Pengyin Kantartzi, Stella K. Cregan, Perry B. Hyten, David L. Pantalone, Vincent R. TI Detection and Confirmation of Quantitative Trait Loci for Soybean Seed Isoflavones SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR MARKERS; HUMAN HEALTH; LINKAGE MAP; QTL; ENVIRONMENT; SELECTION; PHYTOESTROGENS; ACCUMULATION; PROTEIN; GENOME AB Interest in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] isoflavones has increased in recent years owing to numerous reported health benefits. Consequently, quantitative trait loci (QTL) detection for marker-assisted breeding for isoflavones is being examined for genetic gains. This study sought to detect QTL for soybean isoflavones in a population of 274 recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross between 'Essex' and 'Williams 82' that were subdivided and tested by maturity (early, mid, and late). The field tests were conducted in three environments in 2009 (Knoxville, TN; Harrisburg, IL; and Stuttgart, AR). The population was genotyped with 480 polymorphic single nucleotide polymorphism markers. Isoflavones for each replicate were analyzed by near infrared reflectance spectroscopy, whose prediction equation was based on high performance liquid chromatography. Each maturity test, containing 91 or 92 recombinant inbred lines, was analyzed separately for QTL. In total, 21 QTL were detected: 7 for genistein (chromosomes 5, 6, 9, 13, 17, and 19), 5 for daidzein (chromosomes 5, 6, 9, 13, and 19), 3 for glycitein (chromosomes 6, 9, and 20), and 6 for total isoflavone content (chromosomes 5, 6, 9, 13, and 19). Of these 21 QTL, 12 were confirmed or positional confirmations from other studies. Utilization of these QTL could potentially lead to marker-assisted selection approaches for genetic gains in improving soybean isoflavones. C1 [Smallwood, Christopher J.; Kopsell, Dean A.; Sams, Carl E.; West, Dennis R.; Pantalone, Vincent R.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Plant Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Nyinyi, Catherine N.] Monsanto Co, Harrisburg, SD 57032 USA. [Chen, Pengyin] Univ Arkansas, Dept Crop Soil & Environm Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Kantartzi, Stella K.] So Illinois Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Ag Syst, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. [Cregan, Perry B.; Hyten, David L.] ARS, USDA, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Smallwood, CJ (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Plant Sci, 2431 Joe Johnson Dr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM csmallw1@utk.edu OI Hatcher, Catherine N./0000-0002-5502-0557 FU Tennessee Soybean Promotion Board FX Funding from the Tennessee Soybean Promotion Board is greatly appreciated for the support of this project. We thank the United Soybean Board for their support in the development of the genetic mapping population that made this work possible. Support from several research stations was paramount in the completion of this research. We would like to thank the Illinois Soybean Center and the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station for their valuable contributions. The Tennessee Agricultural Experiment Station is commended for maintaining excellent field research facilities for soybean breeding and genetics. We appreciate the dedication of Dr. Bobby Simpson, Director of the East Tennessee Research and Education Center, who encourages our soybean genetics research every year. Contributions made by Deborah Landau-Ellis are gratefully acknowledged. NR 45 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 15 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 54 IS 2 BP 595 EP 606 DI 10.2135/cropsci2013.05.0340 PG 12 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AI3FS UT WOS:000336746800016 ER PT J AU Casler, MD Vogel, KP AF Casler, Michael D. Vogel, Kenneth P. TI Selection for Biomass Yield in Upland, Lowland, and Hybrid Switchgrass SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PLANT ADAPTATION REGIONS; PERENNIAL FORAGE GRASSES; SPACED PLANTS; POPULATIONS; FEEDSTOCK; HETEROSIS; USA; REGISTRATION; FREQUENCY AB Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is a candidate for cellulosic bioenergy feedstock development in many parts of North America, Europe, and Asia. Breeding for increased biomass yield is a viable and desirable research objective to improve both economic and energy yields per hectare. The objectives of this study were to estimate progress from (i) selection for biomass yield in upland switchgrass, (ii) selection for winter survival, biomass yield, and biomass quality in lowland switchgrass, and (iii) advanced-generation heterosis effects in four upland x lowland hybrid switchgrass populations. Selection for increased biomass yield in upland switchgrass resulted in mean genetic gains for of 0.71 Mg ha(-1) per cycle (8% per cycle = 4% yr(-1)) for biomass yield. Selection for increased biomass yield in lowland switchgrass resulted in mean genetic gains of 0.89 Mg ha(-1) (18% = 1% yr(-1)) for biomass yield. Mean high-parent heterosis between upland and lowland ecotypes was 3.57 Mg ha(-1) (43%). These gains in biomass yield resulted in significant increases in ethanol production for a fermentation platform or high heating value for a combustion platform. Biomass yield is a moderately heritable trait in switchgrass and it can be readily improved in both upland and lowland populations using conventional breeding methods. C1 [Casler, Michael D.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Vogel, Kenneth P.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Casler, MD (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, 1925 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM michael.casler@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS; USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-68005-30411] FX This research was funded in part by congressionally allocated funds through USDA-ARS and by the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant No. 2011-68005-30411 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. We thank Nick Baker and Jacob Karlen, USDA-ARS, Madison, WI, and Steve Masterson, USDA-ARS, Lincoln, NE, for technical assistance and support with field, greenhouse, and laboratory activities. NR 41 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 16 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 54 IS 2 BP 626 EP 636 DI 10.2135/cropsci2013.04.0239 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AI3FS UT WOS:000336746800019 ER PT J AU Price, DL Casler, MD AF Price, David L. Casler, Michael D. TI Predictive Relationships between Plant Morphological Traits and Biomass Yield in Switchgrass SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FORAGE YIELD; GENETIC-VARIABILITY; REED CANARYGRASS; FAMILY SELECTION; POPULATIONS; HERITABILITY; CROPS AB Commercial viability of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) as a biofuel will require further improvements of biomass yield to improve sustainability. Direct selection for biomass yield in switchgrass has proven difficult due to the many factors influencing biomass yield. The identification of morphological traits associated with biomass yield could increase the efficiency of breeding efforts if these traits can be used as indirect selection criteria. By allowing increased screening and greater intensity of selection for biomass yield within spaced-plant nurseries, these results may impact how phenotypic selection is used for switchgrass cultivar development. The objective of this research was to identify morphological traits in parental plants that are predictive of biomass yield in progeny swards. Results of this research demonstrate the challenges of selecting for increased biomass yield in switchgrass within spacedplant nurseries. Limited predictive ability was observed using individual and combinations of plant morphological traits. Comparisons of models with varying subsets of traits revealed common traits among the best predictive models including plant height, single-plant dry biomass, and second leaf width. Predictions of single- plant biomass, using the same set of morphological traits, revealed a large effect for tillering related traits. The observation that different traits affect biomass yield differently in the two planting types may indicate an effect of plant competition on the relationship of these traits with biomass yield. While these traits can help guide selections for a preferred plant ideotype, additional efforts to improve selection schemes for increasing biomass yield will be necessary for sustained genetic gain in switchgrass. C1 [Price, David L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Casler, Michael D.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Price, DL (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM David.L.Price@Monsanto.com FU USDA-ARS; Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-68005-30411]; Gabelman-Shippo Wisconsin Distinguished Graduate Fellowship at the University of Wisconsin-Madison FX This research was funded in part by congressionally allocated funds through USDA-ARS, by the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant No. 2011-68005-30411 (CenUSA) from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, and by the Gabelman-Shippo Wisconsin Distinguished Graduate Fellowship at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. NR 36 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 17 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 54 IS 2 BP 637 EP 645 DI 10.2135/cropsci2013.04.0272 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AI3FS UT WOS:000336746800020 ER PT J AU Price, DL Casler, MD AF Price, David L. Casler, Michael D. TI Inheritance of Secondary Morphological Traits for Among-and-Within-Family Selection in Upland Tetraploid Switchgrass SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID GENETIC-VARIABILITY; BIOMASS YIELD; FORAGE CROPS; POPULATIONS; HERITABILITY AB Major efforts are currently being undertaken to improve biomass yield in switchgrass. Among-and-within-family selection has been proposed as an efficient selection scheme to increase rates of genetic gain. The objectives of this study were to estimate the heritability of three yield-related traits (plant height, tiller count, and flowering date) and evaluate the suitability of those traits as within-family-selection criteria. Divergent selections of parents were made for each trait from an upland-tetraploid population developed for use in temperate North America. Progeny from these selections were used to estimate narrow-sense heritability by both parent- progeny regression and response to selection. Moderate heritability (0.41) was estimated for plant height but was greater for selection of increased height. Heritability for tiller count was low overall (0.06), with greater values observed for reduced tillering selections. Flowering date was estimated to have high heritability (0.75) overall in both selection directions. Plant height and flowering date both appear heritable on a spaced-plant basis and may be effective selection criteria for within-family selection. The relative value of among-and-within-family selection within a practical breeding program will vary depending on what selection criteria are used and the timing of selections. C1 [Price, David L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Casler, Michael D.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Price, DL (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM DLPrice2@wisc.edu FU USDA-ARS; Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant from USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture; Gabelman-Shippo Wisconsin Distinguished Graduate Fellowship at the University of Wisconsin-Madison FX This research was funded in part by congressionally allocated funds through USDA-ARS, by the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant No. 2011-68005-30411 (CenUSA) from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, and by the Gabelman-Shippo Wisconsin Distinguished Graduate Fellowship at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. We thank Nick Baker, USDA-ARS, Madison, WI for technical assistance and support with field, greenhouse, and laboratory activities. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 54 IS 2 BP 646 EP 653 DI 10.2135/cropsci2013.04.0273 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AI3FS UT WOS:000336746800021 ER PT J AU Liu, ZL Zhang, T Li, C Bai, GH AF Liu, Zhengli Zhang, Ting Li, Cong Bai, Guihua TI Genetic Diversity and Classification of Cytoplasm of Chinese Elite Foxtail Millet [Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv.] Germplasm SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA VARIATION; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; RFLP ANALYSIS; SET; TRITICUM; AEGILOPS; PRIMERS; PLANTS AB A single cytoplasmic source of foxtail millet male sterile lines has become a major limiting factor for wide utilization of heterosis in foxtail millet. To explore genetic diversity of Chinese foxtail millet cytoplasm, 23 pairs of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) primers that showed a high level of polymorphism among selected 14 genetically diverse foxtail millet accessions were identified after screening 34 pairs of consensus mtDNA primers that were derived from various plant species. The 23 pairs of primers were used to analyze genetic diversity of cytoplasm in 111 Chinese elite foxtail millet accessions. Genetic similarity coefficients for differentiation of cytoplasmic types were calculated based on the phylogenetic tree and female-parent-derived pedigree graph of all the tested accessions. The results show that the genetic diversity of foxtail millet cytoplasm is low, which makes Chinese foxtail millet germplasm vulnerable to the infection by cytoplasm-related diseases. The 111 tested accessions can be classified into eight cytoplasmic types: Qinyuanmujizui, Huangruangu, Riben60ri, Dahuanggu, Yingsuigu, Heizhigu, MissingI, and MissingII. The eight cytoplasmic types matched with the geographic and ecological distribution pattern of the most tested accessions. The results provided a scientific foundation for rationally utilizing these germplasm lines, diversifying cytoplasmic types in male sterile lines, and further improving hybrid foxtail millet cultivars. C1 [Liu, Zhengli; Zhang, Ting; Li, Cong] Hebei Acad Agr & Forestry Sci, Inst Millet Crops, Shijiazhuang 050035, Hebei, Peoples R China. [Bai, Guihua] Kansas State Univ, USDA ARS, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Liu, ZL (reprint author), Hebei Acad Agr & Forestry Sci, Inst Millet Crops, Shijiazhuang 050035, Hebei, Peoples R China. EM liuzhengli65@126.com; gbai@ksu.edu NR 34 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 9 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 54 IS 2 BP 659 EP 666 DI 10.2135/cropsci2012.11.0646 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AI3FS UT WOS:000336746800023 ER PT J AU Talukder, ZI Hulke, BS Marek, LF Gulya, TJ AF Talukder, Zahirul I. Hulke, Brent S. Marek, Laura F. Gulya, Thomas J. TI Sources of Resistance to Sunflower Diseases in a Global Collection of Domesticated USDA Plant Introductions SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SCLEROTINIA HEAD ROT; HELIANTHUS-ANNUUS L.; CANKER DIAPORTHE-HELIANTHI; STEM CANKER; GENETIC-ANALYSIS; INBRED LINES; MUNT.-CVET.; PHOMOPSIS; INHERITANCE; TRAITS AB Basal stalk rot (BSR) and head rot (HR) caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary are traditionally major diseases of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in the United States, while Phomopsis stem canker (PSC) caused by Phomopsis helianthi Munt.-Cvet. et al. has become increasingly damaging in recent years. Host resistance is the most effective approach to managing these diseases. Here we report new sources of resistance to these diseases identified in the USDA sunflower Plant Introduction (PI) collection. A total of 260 PIs, including USDA-ARS-developed inbred lines, were tested in multiple years and locations of North Dakota, South Dakota, and Minnesota. The effects of genotype (G), environment (E), and G x E interaction were significant. Broad sense heritability (H-2) for BSR, HR, and PSC were estimated as 0.70, 0.79, and 0.83, respectively, reflecting a large genetic variation in the panel for these diseases. A total of 6.2, 29.6, and 36.9% of the genotypes showed significantly higher resistance than checks against BSR, HR, and PSC, respectively. Two PIs, 531389 and 531366, were significantly more resistant than checks against all three diseases. Head rot disease incidence was positively correlated with PSC (r = 0.52, p < 0.0001), while it was negatively correlated with BSR (r = -0.16, p < 0.05). A total of 13 PIs, mostly from Hungary, exhibited dual resistance against HR and PSC. Overall, sufficient variation exists among germplasm sources to facilitate further resistance breeding of sunflower against BSR, HR, and PSC diseases. C1 [Talukder, Zahirul I.] N Dakota State Univ, Dep Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Hulke, Brent S.; Gulya, Thomas J.] ARS, USDA, Sunflower & Plant Biol Res Unit, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Marek, Laura F.] Iowa State Univ, Agron Dep, North Cent Reg Plant Intro Stn NCRPIS, ARS,USDA,ISU, Ames, IA 50014 USA. RP Hulke, BS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Sunflower & Plant Biol Res Unit, No Crop Sci Lab, 1307 18th St N, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM brent.hulke@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS National Sclerotinia Initiative [58-5442-8-230, 58-5442-7-299]; National Sunflower Association (NSA) FX We thank Megan Ramsett and Nikolay Balbyshev for technical assistance with the disease nurseries and Dr. Jessica Barb for her assistance with the genetic distance statistics and careful review of the manuscript. This research was supported by the USDA-ARS National Sclerotinia Initiative, grant numbers 58-5442-8-230 and 58-5442-7-299, and the National Sunflower Association (NSA). This project was conducted in accordance with the NSA SNP Consortium, a public-private partnership between the nonprofit National Sunflower Association, public researchers at USDA, and private seed companies. It was formed with the intent of having widespread, economically feasible application of SNP markers for the advancement of sunflower germplasm. NSA encourages public research entities to use the proprietary markers through NSA-approved laboratories for research that meets the public research criteria. Such use will not incur any fees for membership or royalties. For-profit researchers may join the consortium. NR 50 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 10 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 54 IS 2 BP 694 EP 705 DI 10.2135/cropsci2013.07.0506 PG 12 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AI3FS UT WOS:000336746800026 ER PT J AU Spooner, DM Widrlechner, MP Reitsma, KR Palmquist, DE Rouz, S Ghrabi-Gammar, Z Neffati, M Bouzbida, B Ouabbou, H El Koudrim, M Simon, PW AF Spooner, David M. Widrlechner, Mark P. Reitsma, Kathleen R. Palmquist, Debra E. Rouz, Slim Ghrabi-Gammar, Zeineb Neffati, Mohamed Bouzbida, Bechir Ouabbou, Hassan El Koudrim, Mohammed Simon, Philipp W. TI Reassessment of Practical Subspecies Identifications of the USDA Daucus carota L. Germplasm Collection: Morphological Data SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID INTRON SEQUENCES; APIACEAE; WILD; CLASSIFICATION; CAPILLIFOLIUS; CARROTS; POPULATIONS; CHLOROPLAST; PHYLOGENY; SATIVUS AB The genus Daucus includes about 20 recognized species. The most widespread and economically important species, Daucus carota L., occurs on almost every continent. The cultivated carrot, subsp. sativus (Hoffm.) Schubl. and G. Martens, has been selected from wild populations that are extremely diverse, especially in the western Mediterranean. The predominant outcrossing and the lack of sexual isolating mechanisms among recognized infraspecific taxa complicate the taxonomy and identification of the wild populations, resulting in widely different interpretations of the number of infraspecific taxa. We measured 36 morphological characters from multiple individuals within each of 155 accessions of D. carota and from the morphologically similar species D. capillifolius (both species 2n = 18) alongside other species for comparison (D. aureus Desf., 2n = 22; D. broteri Ten., 2n = 20; D. involucratus Sm., 2n = 20; and D. littoralis Sm., 2n = 20) in an experimental field plot. Within D. carota, multivariate analyses were able to identify only two subspecies, but even these showed great overlap of individual characters. Because of the ease of crossability of wild D. carota to the domestic landraces and cultivars and because of the taxonomic challenges, the purpose of our study is to explore morphological support for subspecies within D. carota, including the phenetically similar D. capillifolius, which is part of the same clade as D. carota, with the long-term goal of resolving taxonomic disagreements and developing a practical system to classify variation within this economically important species. C1 [Spooner, David M.; Simon, Philipp W.] Univ Wisconsin, USDA, ARS, Dep Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Widrlechner, Mark P.] Iowa State Univ, Dep Hort, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Widrlechner, Mark P.] Iowa State Univ, Dep Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Reitsma, Kathleen R.] Iowa State Univ, North Cent Reg Plant Introduct Stn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Palmquist, Debra E.] ARS, USDA, Midwest Area Off, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Rouz, Slim] Inst Super Agron Mogran, Tunis, Tunisia. [Ghrabi-Gammar, Zeineb] Inst Natl Agron Tunisie, Tunis, Tunisia. [Neffati, Mohamed; Bouzbida, Bechir] Inst Reg Arides, Medenine 4119, Tunisia. [Ouabbou, Hassan; El Koudrim, Mohammed] CRRA Settat, Inst Natl Rech Agron, Settat 26000, Morocco. RP Spooner, DM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, USDA, ARS, Dep Hort, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM david.spooner@ars.usda.gov FU USDA National Research Initiative [2008-35300-18669]; USDA-ARS National Plant Germplasm System Horticultural Evaluation Grants FX This work was supported by USDA National Research Initiative grant no. 2008-35300-18669 to David Spooner and by USDA-ARS National Plant Germplasm System Horticultural Evaluation Grants to David Spooner and Philipp Simon. We gratefully acknowledge the collecting assistance by personnel of the Moroccan and Tunisian National Gene Banks and field assistance by Ms. Lucinda Clark and other NCRPIS staff. We gratefully acknowledge the review comments of John Wiersema and another unnamed reviewer. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this website is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture or the Agricultural Research Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. NR 42 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 7 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 54 IS 2 BP 706 EP 718 DI 10.2135/cropsci2013.04.0231 PG 13 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AI3FS UT WOS:000336746800027 ER PT J AU Sanchez, PL Costich, DE Friebe, B Coffelt, TA Jenks, MA Gore, MA AF Sanchez, Paul L. Costich, Denise E. Friebe, Bernd Coffelt, Terry A. Jenks, Matthew A. Gore, Michael A. TI Genome size variation in guayule and mariola: Fundamental descriptors for polyploid plant taxa SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Guayule; Mariola; Ploidy level; Nuclear genome size; Flow cytometry ID NUCLEAR-DNA CONTENT; FLOW-CYTOMETRY; PARTHENIUM-ARGENTATUM; BAGASSE AB Guayule (Parthenium argentatum A. Gray) has tremendous potential as a domestic source of natural rubber production in the southwestern United States. However, genetic improvement of guayule has been slowed by its complex mode of reproduction, natural ploidy series, and lack of genetic and genomic resources. The interspecific hybridization of guayule with its closest sister taxon mariola (P. incanum Kunth) offers an opportunity to access novel genetic variation for guayule breeding programs, but mariola accessions available from the U.S, National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS) have never been evaluated for natural variation in ploidy level. In addition, the nuclear genome sizes for guayule and mariola at any ploidy level are unknown. To that end, we examined the ploidy of 10 mariola accessions, which revealed a natural polyploid series ranging from triploid (2n = 3x = 54) to pentaploid (2n = 5x = 90). In contrast, a ploidy analysis of five guayule accessions uncovered a natural polyploid series that ranged from diploid (2n = 2x = 36) to hexaploid (2n = 6x = 108). More than one ploidy level among individual plants (mixed ploidy) and instances of aneuploid plants were observed for accessions of both guayule and mariola. The nuclear genome sizes of guayule and mariola were similar at identical ploidy levels, and the genome size of diploid guayule (1624 Mb) was almost twofold smaller than the genomes of sunflower (H. annuus L. 2n = 2x = 34) and lettuce (L sativa L.; 2n = 2x = 18), two other Compositae (Asteraceae) species that are being genome-sequenced. The results from this study will serve as a foundation for interspecific breeding and genome sequencing of guayule and mariola. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Sanchez, Paul L.; Coffelt, Terry A.; Jenks, Matthew A.] USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [Costich, Denise E.] USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Friebe, Bernd] Kansas State Univ, Wheat Genet Resource Ctr, Dept Plant Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Gore, Michael A.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Gore, MA (reprint author), Cornell Univ, 310 Bradfield Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM Paul.Sanchez@ars.usda.gov; d.costich@cgiar.org; friebe@ksu.edu; terry.coffelt.arc@gmail.com; matt.jenks@ars.usda.gov; mag87@cornell.edu FU USDA-ARS; USDA-NIFA/DOE Biomass Research and Development Initiative (BRDI) [2012-10006] FX We thank the following institutions for providing seeds: National Arid Land Plant Genetics Resources Unit at Parlier, CA, North Central Plant Introduction Station at Ames, IA, R. Michelmore at University of California, Davis, and J. Dolezel at the Institute of Experimental Botany in the Czech Republic. Also, we wish to thank Greg Leake, Stephanie Johnson, and Kristen Cox for assistance in maintaining plants in the greenhouse and collecting leaf tissue for flow cytometry experiments. We thank Cathy Kandianis and Dan Ilut for critical evaluation of the manuscript. Preparation of samples for genome size analysis was carried out by Patrick Redmond and Michael Boerman at the Institute for Genomic Diversity at Cornell University, and instrument coordination by Lavanya Sayam at the Biomedical Sciences Flow Cytometry Core Laboratory at Cornell University. This work was funded and supported by the USDA-ARS and USDA-NIFA/DOE Biomass Research and Development Initiative (BRDI) Grant No. 2012-10006. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the United States Department of Agriculture. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 EI 1872-633X J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 54 BP 1 EP 5 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2013.12.052 PG 5 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AH7UK UT WOS:000336340600001 ER PT J AU Offeman, RD Holtman, KM Covello, KM Orts, WJ AF Offeman, Richard D. Holtman, Kevin M. Covello, Kelly M. Orts, William J. TI Almond hulls as a biofuels feedstock: Variations in carbohydrates by variety and location in California SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Almond hulls; Carbohydrates; Sugars; Sugar alcohols; Survey; Biofuels feedstock AB Hulls of the almond (Prunus dulcis (Miller) D.A. Webb) have a high content of fermentable sugars (glucose, fructose, sucrose), and are a potential feedstock for biofuels and other uses. The state of California in the United States produces the majority of the world's almonds. Six almond varieties across seven counties in California were studied to assess the amount and variability of sugars and sugar alcohols in the hulls. Previous studies were done over 30 years ago, and don't reflect the current range of varieties and locations. Fermentable sugars ranged from 25 to 33% of the dry weight of the hulls portion of the samples. The "as is" samples contain shells, twigs and other materials that can dilute the concentration of sugars; the Butte and Padre varieties have much higher amounts of shell than the other varieties studied. The Nonpareil variety has the highest fermentable sugars content at an average of 271 kg per tonne of "as is" hulls. Average theoretical ethanol yields ranged from 176 to 130 L/tonne, depending on variety. Finding an economic outlet for the wet, spent hulls is a concern. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Offeman, Richard D.; Holtman, Kevin M.; Orts, William J.] USDA, ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Covello, Kelly M.] Almond Hullers & Processors Assoc, Ripon, CA 95366 USA. RP Offeman, RD (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM Richard.Offeman@ars.usda.gov FU Trust Fund Cooperative Agreement [58-5325-2-140] FX We thank the Almond Hullers and Processors Association for collecting the almond hull samples, and for financial support under Trust Fund Cooperative Agreement 58-5325-2-140. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 EI 1872-633X J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 54 BP 109 EP 114 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2014.01.010 PG 6 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AH7UK UT WOS:000336340600015 ER PT J AU Gesch, RW AF Gesch, Russ W. TI Influence of genotype and sowing date on camelina growth and yield in the north central U.S. SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Camelina sativa; Sowing date; Yield; Oil content ID CORN-BELT; BIODIESEL PRODUCTION; MARITIME PROVINCES; SEED YIELD; SATIVA L.; CANADA; FUEL; PERFORMANCE; FEEDSTOCK; CROP AB Camelina (Camelina sativa L.) has gained considerable attention in North America as a potential oilseed feedstock for advanced biofuels and bioproducts. Progress has been made towards characterizing camelina's production potential for the western U.S. and Canada. However, little has been done to evaluate its potential for the north central region of the U.S. The objectives of the following study were to evaluate plant stand establishment, growth, and yield of 10 camelina cultivars and target the optimum sowing time for spring seeding in the northern Corn Belt. The study was conducted over three growing seasons between 2008 and 2010 in west central Minnesota, on a Barnes loam soil. Eight cultivars were evaluated in 2008, 10 cultivars in 2009, and four cultivars in 2010. Sowing dates ranged from 16 April to 15 June over the three-year study. Plant population density, time to 50% flowering, seed yield, and oil content were affected by sowing date, tending to decline with delayed sowing. Seed yield was significantly affected by cultivar only in 2009, whereas oil content was consistently affected by cultivar all three years. Across cultivars, seed yields were as high as 2300 kg ha(-1) to as low as 743 kg ha-1 and were generally greatest for sowings between mid-April to mid-May. Across sowing dates and cultivars, oil content ranged from about 36 to 43% (wt wt(-1)) and declined with delayed sowing. Generally, seed yield and oil content differences tended to be small between most genotypes in the study. Results indicate that the best time to sow spring camelina in west central Minnesota is from about mid-April to mid-May. Further research is needed to optimize other agricultural inputs for camelina production in the northern Corn Belt. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USDA ARS, N Cent Soil Conservat Res Lab, Morris, MN 56267 USA. RP Gesch, RW (reprint author), USDA ARS, N Cent Soil Conservat Res Lab, 803 Iowa Ave, Morris, MN 56267 USA. EM russ.gesch@ars.usda.gov NR 22 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 EI 1872-633X J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 54 BP 209 EP 215 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2014.01.034 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AH7UK UT WOS:000336340600028 ER PT J AU Phoo, ZWMM Razon, LF Knothe, G Ilham, Z Goembira, F Madrazo, CF Roces, SA Saka, S AF Phoo, Zan Win Moh Moh Razon, Luis F. Knothe, Gerhard Ilham, Zul Goembira, Fadjar Madrazo, Cynthia F. Roces, Susan A. Saka, Shiro TI Evaluation of Indian milkweed (Calotropis gigantea) seed oil as alternative feedstock for biodiesel SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Alternative feedstocks; Calotropis gigantea; Biodiesel; Biodiesel properties; Oil properties ID FATTY-ACID-COMPOSITION; FUEL PROPERTIES; METHYL-ESTERS; KINEMATIC VISCOSITY; TRIGLYCERIDES; COMPONENTS; STABILITY; BIOFUELS; DIESEL AB Calotropis gigantea (Indian milkweed) is a common plant in Asia that grows as a weed on open waste ground. Flowering and fruiting take place throughout the year. In this study, Indian milkweed oil was evaluated as a potential feedstock for biodiesel production. The oil was extracted from Indian milkweed seeds with hexane in a Soxhlet apparatus. The seeds were found to contain 33.3 wt% oil. The extracted oil was analyzed for the fatty acid profile and oil properties. Several previously unreported minor fatty acids were identified. Because the free fatty acid content in the oil was 27.5 wt%, acid-catalyzed esterification was conducted to esterify free fatty acids and alkali-catalyzed transesterification was performed to produce biodiesel. The triglyceride content, diglyceride content, monoglyceride content, free glycerol, methanol, ester content, carbon residue, acid value, oxidation stability, tocopherol, water content, kinematic viscosity, density, cloud point and flash point of the prepared biodiesel were determined. With the exception of oxidation stability, all fuel properties conformed to four standards (Philippine National Standard PNS2020:2003, Japanese Automotive Standards Organization JASO M360, European Standard EN 14214, American Society for Testing Materials ASTM D6751). However, it was found that this biodiesel can be only used in tropical countries due to the poor cold flow properties. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Phoo, Zan Win Moh Moh; Razon, Luis F.; Madrazo, Cynthia F.; Roces, Susan A.; Saka, Shiro] De La Salle Univ, Coll Engn, Dept Chem Engn, Manila 1004, Philippines. [Phoo, Zan Win Moh Moh; Ilham, Zul; Goembira, Fadjar] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Energy Sci, Dept Socioenvironm Energy Sci, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068501, Japan. [Knothe, Gerhard] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Ilham, Zul] Univ Malaya, Inst Biol Sci, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia. [Goembira, Fadjar] Andalas Univ, Fac Engn, Dept Environm Engn, Padang 25163, Indonesia. [Phoo, Zan Win Moh Moh] Mandalay Technol Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Mandalay, Myanmar. RP Razon, LF (reprint author), De La Salle Univ, Coll Engn, Dept Chem Engn, 2401 Taft Ave, Manila 1004, Philippines. EM luis.razon@dlsu.edu.ph RI Bin Zulkiflee Lubes, Zul Ilham/G-9968-2011; ZULKIFLEE LUBES, ZUL ILHAM/C-1151-2010 OI Bin Zulkiflee Lubes, Zul Ilham/0000-0003-3836-0848; ZULKIFLEE LUBES, ZUL ILHAM/0000-0003-3836-0848 FU Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) through the ASEAN University Network/Southeast Asia Engineering Education Development Network (AUN/SEED-Net); De La Salle University; Philippines' Commission on Higher Education-Private Higher Education Network (CHED-PHERNet) Sustainability Studies Program; Kyoto University FX The authors are grateful for the financial support provided by the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) through the ASEAN University Network/Southeast Asia Engineering Education Development Network (AUN/SEED-Net); De La Salle University, Kyoto University and the Philippines' Commission on Higher Education-Private Higher Education Network (CHED-PHERNet) Sustainability Studies Program. The authors would also like to express their thanks to Mr. Myat Kyaw, Ms. Khin Nu Swe, Ms. Htwe Htwe Aung, Ms. Soe Soe and Ms. Ku Ku for their assistance in collecting Indian milkweed seeds. NR 46 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 5 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 EI 1872-633X J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 54 BP 226 EP 232 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2014.01.029 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AH7UK UT WOS:000336340600030 ER PT J AU Jaynes, DB Isenhart, TM AF Jaynes, D. B. Isenhart, T. M. TI Reconnecting Tile Drainage to Riparian Buffer Hydrology for Enhanced Nitrate Removal SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; GROUNDWATER NITRATE; SUBSURFACE DRAINAGE; WATER-QUALITY; DENITRIFICATION; FOREST; DYNAMICS; RIVER; ZONE; SEDIMENT AB Riparian buffers are a proven practice for removing NO3 from overland flow and shallow groundwater. However, in landscapes with artificial subsurface (tile) drainage, most of the subsurface flow leaving fields is passed through the buffers in drainage pipes, leaving little opportunity for NO3 removal. We investigated the feasibility of re-routing a fraction of field tile drainage as subsurface flow through a riparian buffer for increasing NO3 removal. We intercepted an existing field tile outlet draining a 10.1-ha area of a row-cropped field in central Iowa and re-routed a fraction of the discharge as subsurface flow along 335 m of an existing riparian buffer. Tile drainage from the field was infiltrated through a perforated pipe installed 75 cm below the surface by maintaining a constant head in the pipe at a control box installed in-line with the existing field outlet. During 2 yr, > 18,000 m(3) (55%) of the total flow from the tile outlet was redirected as infiltration within the riparian buffer. The redirected water seeped through the 60-m-wide buffer, raising the water table approximately 35 cm. The redirected tile flow contained 228 kg of NO3. On the basis of the strong decrease in NO3 concentrations within the shallow groundwater across the buffer, we hypothesize that the NO3 did not enter the stream but was removed within the buffer by plant uptake, microbial immobilization, or denitrification. Redirecting tile drainage as subsurface flow through a riparian buffer increased its NO3 removal benefit and is a promising management practice to improve surface water quality within tile-drained landscapes. C1 [Jaynes, D. B.] USDA ARS, Agroecosyst Management Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Isenhart, T. M.] Iowa State Univ Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Jaynes, DB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Agroecosyst Management Unit, 2110 Univ Blvd, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM dan.jaynes@ars.usda.gov FU Leopold Center for Sustainable Agriculture FX The authors thank K. Heikens, J. Cook, C. Pederson, B. Swalla, and B. Knutson for assistance with the equipment installation and field operations; A. Morrow for supervising the chemical analysis; M. Marti for the illustration; and J. Hanson and family for their cooperation. Funds for this project were provided by the Leopold Center for Sustainable Agriculture. NR 44 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 38 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 43 IS 2 BP 631 EP 638 DI 10.2134/jeq2013.08.0331 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AH6WP UT WOS:000336273200021 PM 25602664 ER PT J AU Ippolito, JA Stromberger, ME Lentz, RD Dungan, RS AF Ippolito, J. A. Stromberger, M. E. Lentz, R. D. Dungan, R. S. TI Hardwood Biochar Influences Calcareous Soil Physicochemical and Microbiological Status SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID FAST PYROLYSIS BIOCHAR; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; SWITCHGRASS BIOCHAR; BLACK CARBON; MANURE; FERTILITY; CHARCOAL; BACTERIAL; MINERALIZATION; STABILIZATION AB The effects of biochar application to calcareous soils are not well documented. In a laboratory incubation study, a hardwood-based, fast pyrolysis biochar was applied (0, 1, 2, and 10% by weight) to a calcareous soil. Changes in soil chemistry, water content, microbial respiration, and microbial community structure were monitored over a 12-mo period. Increasing the biochar application rate increased the water-holding capacity of the soil-biochar blend, a trait that could be beneficial under water-limited situations. Biochar application also caused an increase in plant-available Fe and Mn, soil C content, soil respiration rates, and bacterial populations and a decrease in soil NO3-N concentration. Biochar rates of 2 and 10% altered the relative proportions of bacterial and fungal fatty acids and shifted the microbial community toward greater relative amounts of bacteria and fewer fungi. The ratio of fatty acid 19: 0 cy to its precursor, 18:1 omega 7c, was higher in the 10% biochar rate soil than in all other soils, potentially indicating an environmental stress response. The 10% application rate of this particular biochar was extreme, causing the greatest change in microbial community structure, a physiological response to stress in Gram-negative bacteria, and a drastic reduction in soil NO3-N (85-97% reduction compared with the control), all of which were sustained over time. C1 [Ippolito, J. A.; Lentz, R. D.; Dungan, R. S.] USDA ARS, Northwest Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. [Stromberger, M. E.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Ippolito, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Northwest Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, 3793N 3600E, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. EM jim.ippolito@ars.usda.gov NR 73 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 41 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 43 IS 2 BP 681 EP 689 DI 10.2134/jeq2013.08.0324 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AH6WP UT WOS:000336273200026 PM 25602669 ER PT J AU Waldrip, HM He, ZQ Todd, RW Hunt, JF Rhoades, MB Cole, NA AF Waldrip, Heidi M. He, Zhongqi Todd, Richard W. Hunt, James F. Rhoades, Marty B. Cole, N. Andy TI Characterization of Organic Matter in Beef Feedyard Manure by Ultraviolet-Visible and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopies SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID FT-IR SPECTROSCOPY; HUMIC SUBSTANCES; CHEMICAL-CHARACTERIZATION; AMMONIA EMISSIONS; DAIRY MANURE; SOIL; FRACTIONS; SPECTRA; HUMIFICATION; PHOSPHORUS AB Manure from beef cattle feedyards is a valuable source of nutrients and assists with maintaining soil quality. However, humification and decomposition processes occurring during feedyard manure's on-farm life cycle influence the forms, concentrations, and availability of carbon (C) and nutrients such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). Improved understanding of manure organic matter (OM) chemistry will provide better estimates of potential fertilizer value of manure from different feedyard sources (e. g., manure accumulated in pens, stockpiled manure after pen scraping) and in settling basin and retention pond sediments. This will also assist with identifying factors related to nutrient loss and environmental degradation via volatilization of ammonia and nitrous oxide and nitrate leaching. We used Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopies to characterize structural and functional properties of OM and water-extractable OM (WEOM) from different sources (surface manure, manure pack, settling basin, retention pond) on a typical commercial beef feedyard in the Texas Panhandle. Results showed that as beef manure completes its on-farm life cycle, concentrations of dissolved organic C and N decrease up to 98 and 95%, respectively. The UV-vis analysis of WEOM indicated large differences in molecular weight, lignin content, and proportion of humified OM between manures from different sources. The FTIR spectra of OM and WEOM indicate preferential decomposition of fats, lipids, and proteins over aromatic polysaccharides such as lignin. Further work is warranted to evaluate how application of feedyard manure from different sources influences soil metabolic functioning and fertility. C1 [Waldrip, Heidi M.; Todd, Richard W.; Cole, N. Andy] USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. [He, Zhongqi] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Hunt, James F.] USDA ARS, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Rhoades, Marty B.] West Texas A&M Univ, Canyon, TX 79016 USA. RP Waldrip, HM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, PO Drawer, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. EM heidi.waldrip@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-NIFA [TS2006-06009] FX This project was partially supported by USDA-NIFA funding to Texas A&M AgriLife Research for the federal special grant project TS2006-06009, "Air Quality: Reducing Emissions from Cattle feedlots and Dairies (TX & KS)." NR 46 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 30 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 43 IS 2 BP 690 EP 700 DI 10.2134/jeq2013.09.0358 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AH6WP UT WOS:000336273200027 PM 25602670 ER PT J AU Hakk, H Sikora, L Casey, FXM Larsen, GL AF Hakk, Heldur Sikora, Lawrence Casey, Francis X. M. Larsen, Gerald L. TI Fate of 17 beta-Estradiol in Anaerobic Lagoon Digesters SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER; WASTE-WATER; ESTROGENIC HORMONES; AGRICULTURAL SOILS; SORPTION; DAIRY; CHEMICALS; BIODEGRADATION; TRANSFORMATION AB The fate of [C-14]17 beta-estradiol ([C-14]E2) was monitored for 42 d in triplicate 10-L anaerobic digesters. Total radioactive residues decreased rapidly in the liquid layer of the digesters and reached a steady-state value of 22 to 26% of the initial dose after 5 d. High-performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry analyses of the liquid layer of the anaerobic digesters indicated a rapid degradation of E2 to estrone (E1), which readily adsorbed to the sludge layer subsequent to its formation. Estrone was the predominant steroid identified under anaerobic digestion in the liquid layer or sorbed to sludge at 42 d. Methane formation represented 11.1 +/- 5.7% of the initial E2 fortification with 0.3 to 0.5% of the starting E2 mineralized to carbon dioxide. Maximum [C-14] methane production appeared between Days 4 and 7. An estimate of estrogenicity of the final product based on reported estrogen equivalents for E1 and E2 was 2% of the original in active digesters. Anaerobic digestion of swine waste has several management benefits; moreover, this study demonstrated that it reduces the potential of environmental release of estrogens, which are known endocrine disruptors. C1 [Hakk, Heldur; Larsen, Gerald L.] USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Sikora, Lawrence] Compost Utilizat & Syst, China Village, ME 04926 USA. [Casey, Francis X. M.] N Dakota State Univ, Sch Nat Resource Sci, Dep Soil Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. RP Hakk, H (reprint author), USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM heldur.hakk@ars.usda.gov RI Casey, Francis/A-2135-2010 OI Casey, Francis/0000-0002-6035-7234 NR 45 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 34 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 43 IS 2 BP 701 EP 708 DI 10.2134/jeq2013.06.0245 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AH6WP UT WOS:000336273200028 PM 25602671 ER PT J AU Baker, JT Gitz, DC Lascano, RJ AF Baker, Jeffrey T. Gitz, Dennis C., III Lascano, Robert J. TI Field Evaluation of Open System Chambers for Measuring Whole Canopy Gas Exchanges SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; CO2; PLANT; WATER; ECOSYSTEMS; ENRICHMENT; ATMOSPHERE; FLUXES; RATES AB The ability to monitor whole canopy CO2 and H2O fluxes of crop plants in the field is needed for many research efforts ranging from plant breeding to the study of climate change effects on crops. Four portable, transparent, open system chambers for measuring canopy gas exchanges were field tested on well-watered and fertilized cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) over 6 d at Lubbock, TX, in 2010. Our objective was to (i) characterize changes in canopy microclimate variables due to chamber enclosure and (ii) evaluate chamber-to-chamber variability in canopy gas-exchange parameters on ground as well as leaf area basis. Chamber wall materials reduced photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) by about 13%. Programmable data loggers controlled variable speed fans and, with one minor exception, limited heat buildup in the chambers to a maximum of <1.0 degrees C above ambient air temperature. Differentials between incoming and outgoing atmospheric CO2 and H2O concentrations were used to calculate canopy net assimilation (A) and transpiration (E) at 10-s intervals using solenoid valve actuated sample lines connected to an infrared gas analyzer. Water use efficiency (WUE = A/E) was then calculated and these data were averaged over both 5-min and hourly intervals. Coefficient of variation (CV) for midday A, E, and WUE averaged 12.3, 9.7, and 5.8%, respectively. Expressing these parameters on a canopy leaf area basis produced similar CV results. These results will help guide experimental design for future research using these or similar chambers. C1 [Baker, Jeffrey T.] USDA ARS, Plant Stress & Water Conservat Lab, Big Spring, TX 79720 USA. [Gitz, Dennis C., III; Lascano, Robert J.] USDA ARS, Plant Stress & Water Conservat Lab, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. RP Baker, JT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Plant Stress & Water Conservat Lab, 302 West I-20, Big Spring, TX 79720 USA. EM Jeff.Baker@ars.usda.gov FU Ogallala Aquifer Program; USDA Agricultural Research Service; Kansas State University; Texas A&M AgriLife Research; Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service; Texas Tech University; West Texas AM University FX The technical support of Charles Yates and Cody Byars is gratefully acknowledged. This research was supported in part by the Ogallala Aquifer Program, a consortium between USDA Agricultural Research Service, Kansas State University, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service, Texas Tech University, and West Texas A&M University. NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 106 IS 2 BP 537 EP 544 DI 10.2134/agronj2013.0449 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AH3SM UT WOS:000336045700023 ER PT J AU Gilmanov, TG Baker, JM Bernacchi, CJ Billesbach, DP Burba, GG Castro, S Chen, J Eugster, W Fischer, ML Gamon, JA Gebremedhin, MT Glenn, AJ GriffiS, TJ Hatfield, JL Heuer, MW Howard, DM Leclerc, MY Loescher, HW Marloie, O Meyers, TP Olioso, A Phillips, RL Prueger, JH Skinner, RH Suyker, AE Tenuta, M Wylie, BK AF Gilmanov, Tagir G. Baker, John M. Bernacchi, Carl J. Billesbach, David P. Burba, George G. Castro, Saulo Chen, Jiquan Eugster, Werner Fischer, Marc L. Gamon, John A. Gebremedhin, Maheteme T. Glenn, Aaron J. Griffis, Timothy J. Hatfield, Jerry L. Heuer, Mark W. Howard, Daniel M. Leclerc, Monique Y. Loescher, Henry W. Marloie, Oliver Meyers, Tilden P. Olioso, Albert Phillips, Rebecca L. Prueger, John H. Skinner, R. Howard Suyker, Andrew E. Tenuta, Mario Wylie, Bruce K. TI Productivity and Carbon Dioxide Exchange of Leguminous Crops: Estimates from Flux Tower Measurements SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID NET ECOSYSTEM EXCHANGE; GROSS PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; LIGHT-RESPONSE PARAMETERS; WATER-USE EFFICIENCY; EDDY COVARIANCE; SOYBEAN CANOPY; ENERGY-BALANCE; UNITED-STATES; CO2 FLUX; RESPIRATION AB Net CO2 exchange data of legume crops at 17 flux tower sites in North America and three sites in Europe representing 29 site-years of measurements were partitioned into gross photosynthesis and ecosystem respiration by using the nonrectangular hyperbolic light-response function method. The analyses produced net CO2 exchange data and new ecosystem-scale ecophysiological parameter estimates for legume crops determined at diurnal and weekly time steps. Dynamics and annual totals of gross photosynthesis, ecosystem respiration, and net ecosystem production were calculated by gap filling with multivariate nonlinear regression. Comparison with the data from grain crops obtained with the same method demonstrated that CO2 exchange rates and ecophysiological parameters of legumes were lower than those of maize (Zea mays L.) but higher than for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crops. Year-round annual legume crops demonstrated a broad range of net ecosystem production, from sinks of 760 g CO2 m(-2) yr(-1) to sources of -2100 g CO2 m(-2) yr(-1), with an average of -330 g CO2 m(-2) yr(-1), indicating overall moderate CO2-source activity related to a shorter period of photosynthetic uptake and metabolic costs of N-2 fixation. Perennial legumes (alfalfa, Medicago sativa L.) were strong sinks for atmospheric CO2, with an average net ecosystem production of 980 (range 550-1200) g CO2 m(-2) yr(-1). C1 [Gilmanov, Tagir G.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Baker, John M.] Univ Minnesota, USDA, Soil & Water Management Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Baker, John M.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Bernacchi, Carl J.] Univ Illinois, USDA, ARS, Photosynthesis Res Unit, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Bernacchi, Carl J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Billesbach, David P.] Univ Nebraska, Biol Syst Engn Dept, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Burba, George G.] LI COR Biosci, Lincoln, NE 68504 USA. [Castro, Saulo; Gamon, John A.] Univ Alberta, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada. [Castro, Saulo; Gamon, John A.] Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada. [Chen, Jiquan] Univ Toledo, Dept Environm Sci, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Eugster, Werner] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Agr Sci, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. [Gebremedhin, Maheteme T.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Sustainable Energy Syst Grp, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Gebremedhin, Maheteme T.] Alliance Inc, Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20008 USA. [Glenn, Aaron J.] Agr & Food Canada, Sci & Technol Branch, Brandon, MB R7A 5Y3, Canada. [Griffis, Timothy J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, CoDGS Land & Atmospher Sci, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Hatfield, Jerry L.; Prueger, John H.] Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Heuer, Mark W.] NOAA, Air Resources Lab, Atmospher Turbulence & Diffus Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Howard, Daniel M.] US Geol Survey, Stinger Ghaffarian Technol, Ctr Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. [Leclerc, Monique Y.] Univ Georgia, Lab Environm Phys, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. [Loescher, Henry W.] Natl Ecol Observ Network Inc, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [Loescher, Henry W.] Univ Colorado, Inst Alpine & Arctic Res, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [Marloie, Oliver] INRA, URFM UR 629, F-84914 Avignon 9, France. [Meyers, Tilden P.] NOAA, ATDD, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Olioso, Albert] INRA, EMMAH UMR1114, F-84914 Avignon 9, France. [Phillips, Rebecca L.] Massey Univ, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand. [Skinner, R. Howard] ARS, USDA, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Suyker, Andrew E.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Tenuta, Mario] Univ Manitoba, Dept Soil Sci, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. [Wylie, Bruce K.] US Geol Survey, Ctr Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. RP Gilmanov, TG (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. EM grc1997@me.com RI Gamon, John/A-2641-2014; Wylie, Bruce/H-3182-2014; Griffis, Timothy/A-5707-2011; Chen, Jiquan/D-1955-2009; Phillips, Rebecca/G-6175-2015; Meyers, Tilden/C-6633-2016; Eugster, Werner/E-5116-2010; Burba, George/G-9991-2014 OI Olioso, Albert/0000-0001-8342-9272; Gamon, John/0000-0002-8269-7723; Howard, Daniel/0000-0002-7563-7538; Wylie, Bruce/0000-0002-7374-1083; Phillips, Rebecca/0000-0003-3881-9065; Eugster, Werner/0000-0001-6067-0741; Burba, George/0000-0003-2095-0057 FU USDOE, Biological and Environmental Research, Terrestrial Carbon Program [DE-FG02-04ER63917, DE-FG02-04ER63911]; CarboEuropeIP; Fluxnet-Canada; CFCAS; NSERC; BIOCAP; Environment Canada; NRCan; Canadian Foundation for Innovation; iCORE (Alberta Innovates Technology Futures); USGS Land Change Science Program; USDA-ARS; National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE; CARBOFRANCE project funded by the European FP7 Program [GOCECT-2003-505572]; French Ministry in charge of Environment (GICC programme); USDOE, Office of Science [DE-FCO2-07ER64494]; Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy [DE-ACO5-76RL01830]; Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy [DE-ACO5-76RL01830]; NSF LTER Program [DEB 1027253]; MSU AgBioResearch FX This work used eddy covariance data acquired by the FLUXNET community and in particular by the following networks: AmeriFlux (USDOE, Biological and Environmental Research, Terrestrial Carbon Program [DE-FG02-04ER63917 and DE-FG02-04ER63911]), CarboEuropeIP, Fluxnet-Canada (supported by CFCAS, NSERC, BIOCAP, Environment Canada, and NRCan), Canadian Foundation for Innovation, iCORE (Alberta Innovates Technology Futures) and NSERC. The USGS Land Change Science Program funded flux partitioning and analysis as well as remote sensing components of the work. We acknowledge the financial support to the eddy covariance data harmonization provided by the USDA-ARS, CarboEuropeIP, the National Science Foundation (NSF), and the USDOE and the database development and technical support from Berkeley Water Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab., Microsoft Research eScience, Oak Ridge National Lab., Univ. of California-Berkeley, CARBOEUROPE-IP and the CARBOFRANCE project funded by the European FP7 Program (GOCECT-2003-505572) and the French Ministry in charge of Environment (GICC programme). Financial support was also provided by the USDOE, Office of Science (DE-FCO2-07ER64494) and Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (DE-ACO5-76RL01830), the NSF LTER Program (DEB 1027253), and MSU AgBioResearch. The data for the southeastern plains was provided by the Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical University, Winfred Thomas Agricultural Research Station. Henry W. Loescher acknowledges the NSF (EF-102980) for their ongoing support. This article has been peer reviewed and approved for publication consistent with USGS Fundamental Science Practices (http://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1367/); opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed herein do not necessarily reflect the views of the other support agencies. NR 43 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 43 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 106 IS 2 BP 545 EP 559 DI 10.2134/agronj2013.0270 PG 15 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AH3SM UT WOS:000336045700024 ER PT J AU Egli, DB Hatfield, JL AF Egli, D. B. Hatfield, J. L. TI Yield Gaps and Yield Relationships in Central US Soybean Production Systems SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID AGRICULTURE; MANAGEMENT; CHINA; POTENTIALS; QUALITY; CLIMATE; TRENDS; DEPTH; PLAIN AB The magnitude of yield gaps (YG) (potential yield-farmer yield) provides some indication of the prospects for increasing crop yield. Quantile regression analysis was applied to county soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] yields (1972-2011) from Kentucky, Iowa, and Nebraska (irrigated) to estimate the attainable potential yield (APY) (yield in the most favorable environments in the 40-yr record). The YG for each year was the difference between the APY and the county yield. There was substantial variation in the 40-yr mean county yields (186-335 g m(-2)) within and among states. The mean county APY within each state increased linearly (P < 0.0001) in conjunction with mean county yields. The mean relative YGs varied from 9 to 24% of APY and were largest in the lowest yielding counties and they decreased linearly (P < 0.0001) as the mean county yield increased for each state. The large YGs were partially related to very low yields that occurred in some years during the 40-yr period and these YGs may partially reflect the ability of the soil to supply water to the crop. The difference between the maximum APY in each state and each county APY defined a second YG. The largest values ranged from 12 to 19% of the maximum APY. Irrigation should partially eliminate the first YG, but the second may be more intractable to the degree it is related to soil characteristics. These results suggest that soil conditions may play an important role in determining the size of YGs. C1 [Egli, D. B.] Univ Kentucky, Dep Plant & Soil Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Hatfield, J. L.] USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Egli, DB (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dep Plant & Soil Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. EM degli@uky.edu NR 34 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 5 U2 29 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 106 IS 2 BP 560 EP 566 DI 10.2134/agronj2013.0364 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AH3SM UT WOS:000336045700025 ER PT J AU Yost, MA Russelle, MP Coulter, JA AF Yost, Matt A. Russelle, Michael P. Coulter, Jeffrey A. TI Field-Specific Fertilizer Nitrogen Requirements for First-Year Corn following Alfalfa SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CROPPING SYSTEM; YIELD RESPONSE; SOIL-NITROGEN; GRAIN-YIELD; DRY-MATTER; TILLAGE; ROTATIONS; CROPS; TESTS; RECOMMENDATIONS AB Current fertilizer N guidelines in the midwestern and northeastern United States may not adequately account for variable N supply to corn (Zea mays L.) grown after alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Nitrogen supplied by alfalfa often is adequate for optimum grain yield of the subsequent corn crop, but fertilizer N sometimes is needed. Using 259 site-years of data from midwestern and northeastern United States literature and multiple logistic regression analysis, we successfully identified binary response categories (statistically significant or nonsignificant) to fertilizer N in first-year corn following alfalfa in 89 to 97% of the cases on fine-textured soils and on medium-textured soils with spring-terminated alfalfa, and in 73 to 90% of the cases on medium-textured soils with fall-terminated alfalfa. Only 1 of 11 site-years on coarse-textured soils did not require fertilizer N, preventing separation of responsive and nonresponsive site-years. Using multiple linear regression analysis, >= 68% of the variation in actual economically optimum nitrogen rate (EONR) across a range of price ratios (PRs) (4.48-11.2 as US$ kg(-1) N/US$ kg(-1) grain) was explained on fine-, medium-, and coarse-textured soils by simple predictors-alfalfa termination time, alfalfa stand age, and weather conditions from October through spring. Although independent data are needed to validate the equations, this approach to field-specific fertilizer N guidelines for first-year corn following alfalfa appears, in many cases, to identify when no N is needed and provide improved rate estimates when N response is expected. This approach to fertilizer N recommendation may prove effective for other rotations. C1 [Yost, Matt A.; Coulter, Jeffrey A.] Univ Minnesota, Dep Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Russelle, Michael P.] ARS, USDA, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Yost, MA (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dep Agron & Plant Genet, 1991 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM mattyost@umn.edu FU Minnesota Agricultural Fertilizer Research and Education Council; Hueg-Harrison Fellowship FX This research was supported by the Minnesota Agricultural Fertilizer Research and Education Council and the Hueg-Harrison Fellowship. We sincerely thank the many researchers who provided data beyond that found in published articles, namely, Drs. Todd Andraski, Douglas Beegle, Phyllis Bongard, Howard Brown, Larry Bundy, Alan Franzluebbers, Keith Kelling, Joseph Lauer, John Lory, Antonio Mallarino, John Moncrief, Thomas Morris, Jim Morrison, Richard Mulvaney, Emerson Nafziger, Bill Pearson, William Piekielek, Walter Riedell, Peter Scharf, John Schmidt, and Richard Wolkowski. We also acknowledge Tamas Varga for his help in obtaining weather data. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U. S. Department of Agriculture. NR 53 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 14 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 106 IS 2 BP 645 EP 658 DI 10.2134/agronj2013.0416 PG 14 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AH3SM UT WOS:000336045700035 ER PT J AU Yost, MA Morris, TF Russelle, MP Coulter, JA AF Yost, Matt A. Morris, Thomas F. Russelle, Michael P. Coulter, Jeffrey A. TI Second-Year Corn after Alfalfa Often Requires No Fertilizer Nitrogen SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID 1ST-YEAR CORN; RESIDUE MANAGEMENT; NITRATE TESTS; SOIL; TILLAGE; AVAILABILITY; RECOMMENDATIONS; CREDIT; MANURE; TIME AB Terminated alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) often provides N to at least 2 yr of subsequent corn (Zea mays L.) crops, but the variability in fertilizer N guidelines for second-year corn in the midwestern United States needs to be addressed. In several states, fertilizer N guidelines are the same for second-year corn after alfalfa as they are for continuous corn, whereas other states recommend reducing fertilizer N rates to second-year corn by 25 to 145 kg N ha(-1). Experiments were conducted at 28 farms in Iowa and Minnesota to determine fertilizer N requirements of second-year corn after alfalfa. Second-year corn in half of the trials showed no response to fertilizer N and the economically optimum N rate (EONR) for corn grain yield in the 14 responsive trials ranged from <= 67 to 196 kg N ha(-1). Furthermore, in 10 of 19 trials there was no response of grain yield to fertilizer N in both first- and second-year corn. These results indicate that current university fertilizer N guidelines for second-year corn after alfalfa often are unreliable. At the widely adopted critical concentration of 21 mg kg(-1), the pre-sidedress soil nitrate test (PSNT) correctly identified only 63% of the trials as responsive or nonresponsive to fertilizer N. When results of our experiments were combined with data from the literature, second-year corn grain yield responded to fertilizer N 55% of the time and the PSNT remained accurate only 65% of the time, indicating that more accurate forecasting of second-year corn N requirements is needed. C1 [Yost, Matt A.; Coulter, Jeffrey A.] Univ Minnesota, Dep Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Morris, Thomas F.] Univ Connecticut, Dep Plant Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Russelle, Michael P.] ARS, USDA, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Yost, MA (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dep Agron & Plant Genet, 1991 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM mattyost@umn.edu FU Minnesota Corn Research and Promotion Council; Hueg-Harrison Fellowship; Big Spring Basin Demonstration Program of the Agricultural Energy Management Fund through the Iowa Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship FX This research was supported by the Minnesota Corn Research and Promotion Council, the Hueg-Harrison Fellowship, and the Big Spring Basin Demonstration Program of the Agricultural Energy Management Fund through the Iowa Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship. The authors acknowledge the significant contributions of the late Alfred M. Blackmer. The authors also appreciate the help from numerous extension educators, state agency personnel, and private consultants to identify potential cooperators, and the technical help from Tamas Varga, Ryan Maher, Eric Ristau, Robert Renier, Daniel Silveira, Isaias de Mambro, Odilon Neto, Flavia Agostinho, Jianli Ping, Haiying Tao, and 28 growers from Iowa and Minnesota. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U. S. Department of Agriculture. NR 56 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 106 IS 2 BP 659 EP 669 DI 10.2134/agronj2013.0362 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AH3SM UT WOS:000336045700036 ER PT J AU Hatfield, JL Venterea, RT AF Hatfield, Jerry L. Venterea, Rodney T. TI Enhanced Efficiency Fertilizers: A Multi-Site Comparison of the Effects on Nitrous Oxide Emissions and Agronomic Performance SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 [Hatfield, Jerry L.] ARS, USDA, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Venterea, Rodney T.] ARS, USDA, Soil & Water Management Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Hatfield, JL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, 2110 Univ Blvd, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM jerry.hatfield@ars.usda.gov RI Venterea, Rodney/A-3930-2009 NR 14 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 6 U2 29 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 106 IS 2 BP 679 EP 680 DI 10.2134/agronj2013.0900 PG 2 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AH3SM UT WOS:000336045700038 ER PT J AU Halvorson, AD Bartolo, ME AF Halvorson, Ardell D. Bartolo, Michael E. TI Nitrogen Source and Rate Effects on Irrigated Corn Yields and Nitrogen-Use Efficiency SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CONTROLLED-RELEASE FERTILIZERS; POLYMER-COATED UREA; FURROW IRRIGATION; AMMONIA VOLATILIZATION; CROPPING SYSTEMS; OXIDE EMISSIONS; WATER-QUALITY; SOIL; ROTATION; COLORADO AB Nitrogen rate studies were conducted under furrow-irrigated corn (Zea mays L.) production on a silty clay soil to compare granular urea with polymer-coated urea (PCU) and stabilized urea (SU, contains urease and nitrification inhibitors) effects on corn yields, plant N uptake, and N use efficiency. Polymer-coated urea had a yield advantage over urea 2 (continuous corn) of 3 yr at N rates below maximum yield, which resulted in greater economic returns with PCU (4-14%) at N rates from 168 to 280 kg N ha(-1). The SU fertilizer had no yield or economic advantage over urea. Grain and stover yields and N uptake increased with increasing N rate for all N sources. Expressing grain yields from all N sources as a linear-plateau function of N rate showed that yields were maximized at 14.3 Mg ha(-1) at an N rate of 254 kg N ha(-1) or available N level (soil NO3-N plus fertilizer N) of 295 kg N ha(-1). Nitrogen recovery efficiency (RE) tended not to vary with N rate, with no differences between SU and urea but greater RE (19%) with PCU than urea under continuous corn. Fertilizer N use efficiency did not vary with N rate but was greater for PCU (36%) than for urea (32%) under continuous corn. In contrast to SU, PCU provided grain yield and potential economic advantages over urea under continuous corn production at N rates below those needed with urea for maximum grain yield. C1 [Halvorson, Ardell D.] ARS, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Bartolo, Michael E.] Colorado State Univ, Arkansas Valley Res Ctr, Rocky Ford, CO 81067 USA. RP Halvorson, AD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg D,Suite 100, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM ardell.halvorson@ars.usda.gov NR 39 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 33 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 106 IS 2 BP 681 EP 693 DI 10.2134/agronj2013.0001 PG 13 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AH3SM UT WOS:000336045700039 ER PT J AU Parkin, TB Hatfield, JL AF Parkin, Timothy B. Hatfield, Jerry L. TI Enhanced Efficiency Fertilizers: Effect on Nitrous Oxide Emissions in Iowa SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID IRRIGATED CROPPING SYSTEMS; GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS; NO-TILL CORN; NITRIC-OXIDE; LOAM SOIL; DENITRIFICATION; N2O; NITRATE; NITRIFICATION; ROTATION AB Fertilizer application in crop production agriculture is a major factor influencing soil emissions of the greenhouse gas N2O. Enhanced efficiency fertilizers (EEFs) have the potential to decrease N2O emissions by improving the synchrony between soil N supply and crop N demand. This study was conducted to compare the effects of N2O emissions from soil cropped to corn (Zea mays L.) and EEFs and conventional fertilizers. During a 3-yr period, growing-season N2O emissions were quantified in unfertilized check plots and plots fertilized with urea-NH4NO3 (UAN), UAN containing the urease and nitrification stabilizer AgrotainPlus (UAN+Ag), a stabilized urea containing urease and nitrification inhibitors (SuperU), and a controlled-release polymer-coated urea (ESN). In the third year of the study, conventional urea and an additional fertilizer formulation, Nutrisphere, were evaluated. We observed no reductions in cumulative seasonal N2O emissions from treatments fertilized with the EEFs in any of the study years. Generally, N2O emissions were significantly higher than emissions from the check (no fertilizer) treatment. There were no differences among fertilizer types except in 2009 when the ESN treatment had significantly higher emissions than the check, UAN, and UAN+Ag treatments. Our results indicate that, due to the episodic nature of N2O emissions induced by rainfall events, reduction of N2O emissions through the use of EEFs may be limited in rainfed regions. C1 [Parkin, Timothy B.; Hatfield, Jerry L.] ARS, USDA, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Parkin, TB (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, 2110 Univ Blvd, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM tim.parkin@ars.usda.gov FU Agrium; Agrotain; Nutrisphere; Foundation for Agricultural Research FX We are grateful to Agrium, Agrotain, Nutrisphere, and the Foundation for Agricultural Research for their support of this project in Ames and our companion sites at the other locations. We also thank Richard Hartwig for management of the field plots and Otis Smith, who assisted in the data collection. NR 47 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 5 U2 56 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 106 IS 2 BP 694 EP 702 DI 10.2134/agronj2013.0219 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AH3SM UT WOS:000336045700040 ER PT J AU Maharjan, B Venterea, RT Rosen, C AF Maharjan, Bijesh Venterea, Rodney T. Rosen, Carl TI Fertilizer and Irrigation Management Effects on Nitrous Oxide Emissions and Nitrate Leaching SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CORN CROPPING SYSTEM; POLYMER-COATED UREA; NITRIFICATION INHIBITORS; YIELD RESPONSE; N2O EMISSIONS; AMMONIA VOLATILIZATION; ANHYDROUS AMMONIA; NUTRIENT-UPTAKE; CARBON-DIOXIDE; PIG SLURRY AB Irrigation and N fertilizer management are important factors affecting crop yield, N fertilizer recovery efficiency, and N losses as nitrous oxide (N2O) and nitrate (NO3-). Split application of conventional urea (split-U) and/or one-time application of products designed to perform as enhanced-efficiency N fertilizers may mitigate N losses. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of controlled-release polymer-coated urea (PCU), stabilized urea with urease and nitrification inhibitors (IU) and split-U on direct soil-to-atmosphere N2O emissions, NO3- leaching, and yield for fully irrigated and minimum-irrigated corn in loamy sand. Indirect N2O emissions due to NO3- leaching were estimated using published emission factors (EF5). Split-U increased yield and N uptake compared with preplant-applied PCU or IU and decreased NO3- leaching compared with PCU. Direct N2O emissions were significantly less with IU or split-U than with PCU, and there was a trend for greater emissions with split-U than with IU (P = 0.08). Irrigation significantly increased NO3- leaching during the growing season but had no significant effect on direct N2O emissions. After accounting for significantly increased yields with irrigation, however, N losses expressed on a yield basis did not differ and in some cases decreased with irrigation. Post-harvest soil N and soil-water NO3- in spring showed the potential for greater N leaching in minimum-irrigated than fully irrigated plots. Indirect emissions due to NO3- leaching were estimated to be 79 to 117% of direct emissions using the default value of EF5, thus signifying the potential importance of indirect emissions in evaluating management effects on N2O emissions. C1 [Maharjan, Bijesh; Venterea, Rodney T.; Rosen, Carl] Univ Minnesota, Dep Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Venterea, Rodney T.] ARS, USDA, Soil & Water Management Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Maharjan, B (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dep Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM mahar020@umn.edu RI Venterea, Rodney/A-3930-2009 FU National Research Initiative Competitive Grant from the USDA CSREES/NIFA Air Quality Program [2009-55112-05216]; International Plant Nutrition Institute's Foundation for Agronomic Research; USDA-ARS as part of the GRACEnet Project FX We gratefully acknowledge the assistance of M. Dolan, C. R. Hyatt, A. Dwinnell, R. Faber, J. Leonard, and M. McNearney. This work was supported by National Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2009-55112-05216 from the USDA CSREES/NIFA Air Quality Program, the International Plant Nutrition Institute's Foundation for Agronomic Research, and the USDA-ARS as part of the GRACEnet Project. NR 66 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 10 U2 95 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 106 IS 2 BP 703 EP 714 DI 10.2134/agronj2013.0179 PG 12 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AH3SM UT WOS:000336045700041 ER PT J AU Halvorson, AD Snyder, CS Blaylock, AD Del Grosso, SJ AF Halvorson, Ardell D. Snyder, Clifford S. Blaylock, Alan D. Del Grosso, Stephen J. TI Enhanced-Efficiency Nitrogen Fertilizers: Potential Role in Nitrous Oxide Emission Mitigation SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID IRRIGATED CROPPING SYSTEMS; POLYMER-COATED UREA; NO-TILL CORN; NORTHEASTERN COLORADO; ANHYDROUS AMMONIA; NITRIC-OXIDE; SOIL; MANAGEMENT; N2O; METHANE AB Enhanced-efficiency N fertilizers (EENFs) have potential for mitigating N2O emissions from N-fertilized cropping systems. Stabilized EENFs contain nitrification and/or urease inhibitors. Slow-release EENFs contain N components that are slowly released with variable release rates. Controlled-release EENFs release N at more predictable rates. The effectiveness of several EENFs in reducing soil N2O emissions from a clay loam soil under irrigated, corn (Zea mays L.)-based production systems in Colorado (2002-2012) was investigated. A controlled-release, polymer-coated urea, ESN, reduced N2O emissions by 42% compared with urea and 14% compared with urea-NH4NO3 solution (UAN) in no-till and strip-till environments, but had no effect in a conventional tillage environment. A stabilized urea source, SuperU, reduced N2O emissions by 46% compared with urea and 21% compared with UAN. A stabilized UAN source, UAN + AgrotainPlus, reduced N2O emissions by 61% compared with urea and 41% compared with UAN alone. A slow-release UAN source, UAN + Nfusion, reduced N2O emissions by 57% compared with urea and 28% compared with UAN. Urea-NH4NO3 reduced N2O emissions by 35% compared with urea. A linear increase in N2O emissions with increasing N rate was observed for untreated urea and UAN. Developers of management protocols to reduce N2O emissions from irrigated cropping systems in semiarid areas can use this information to estimate reductions in N2O emissions when EENFs are used. Policymakers can use this information to help determine financial credits needed to encourage producers to use these technologies in their crop production systems. C1 [Halvorson, Ardell D.; Del Grosso, Stephen J.] ARS, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Snyder, Clifford S.] Int Plant Nutr Inst, Conway, AR 72033 USA. [Blaylock, Alan D.] Agrium Adv Technol, Loveland, CO 80538 USA. RP Halvorson, AD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg D,Suite100, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM ardell.halvorson@ars.usda.gov FU Agrium Inc.; Agrium Advanced Technologies; Agrotain International; USDA-ARS under the ARS GRACEnet Project FX We thank the International Plant Nutrition Institute's Foundation for Agronomic Research with funding from Agrium Inc., Agrium Advanced Technologies, and Agrotain International for financial support for this project. This publication is also based on work supported by the USDA-ARS under the ARS GRACEnet Project. NR 57 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 12 U2 85 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 106 IS 2 BP 715 EP 722 DI 10.2134/agronj2013.0081 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AH3SM UT WOS:000336045700042 ER PT J AU Dell, CJ Han, K Bryant, RB Schmidt, JP AF Dell, Curtis J. Han, Kun Bryant, Ray B. Schmidt, John P. TI Nitrous Oxide Emissions with Enhanced Efficiency Nitrogen Fertilizers in a Rainfed System SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID NO-TILL CORN; CARBON-DIOXIDE; SOIL-WATER; DENITRIFICATION; FIELD; VARIABILITY; METHANE; N2O; N-2 AB The use of enhanced efficiency N fertilizers can increase crop N utilization and lead to lower emissions of the greenhouse gas N2O. To determine the potential benefit of four enhanced efficiency fertilizers with rainfed corn (Zea mays L.) production in central Pennsylvania, N2O emissions and grain yield were monitored during a 4-yr field study and compared with untreated urea prills and urea-NH4NO3 (UAN). The tested enhanced efficiency products were ESN (polymer-coated urea), SuperU (urease and nitrification inhibitor treated urea), UAN treated with AgrotainPlus (urease and nitrification inhibitors), and PiNT (cation-stabilized amine-N). Additionally, 28-d laboratory incubations were conducted to verify the potential differences in N cycling rates among N sources. The laboratory incubations indicated that ESN, SuperU, and treated UAN all had the potential to delay accumulation of NO3 relative to untreated urea and UAN, but N cycling was similar with PiNT and the untreated fertilizers. Extended dry periods limited the denitrification potential and overall N2O emissions in the field, but spikes of N2O emission were seen within 1 mo after fertilizer application in each year. However, variation in emission rates was high within treatments, and no consistent differences among N sources were seen. Cumulative growing season N2O emissions and grain yield were similar for all N sources in each year of the study. Enhanced efficiency fertilizers do not appear to be an effective means to reduce N2O emission in a rainfed system, at least when rainfall is inconsistent. C1 [Dell, Curtis J.; Bryant, Ray B.; Schmidt, John P.] ARS, USDA, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Han, Kun] Northwest Agr & Forestry Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Yangling, Shaani Province, Peoples R China. RP Dell, CJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM Curtis.Dell@ars.usda.gov FU Agrium Inc.; Agrium Advanced Technologies; Agrotain International; USDA-ARS under the ARS GRACEnet Project FX We thank the International Plant Nutrition Institute's Foundation for Agronomic Research with funding from Agrium Inc., Agrium Advanced Technologies, and Agrotain International for financial support for this project. This publication is also based on work supported by the USDA-ARS under the ARS GRACEnet Project. We also appreciate the hard work of Bart Moyer, Brant Hoover, Lisa Boudeman, Dan Lawler, and Pauline Wanjugi. NR 25 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 7 U2 35 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 106 IS 2 BP 723 EP 731 DI 10.2134/agronj2013.0108 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AH3SM UT WOS:000336045700043 ER PT J AU Watts, DB Runion, GB Nannenga, KWS Torbert, HA AF Watts, Dexter B. Runion, G. Brett Nannenga, Katy W. Smith Torbert, H. Allen TI Enhanced-Efficiency Fertilizer Effects on Cotton Yield and Quality in the Coastal Plains SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID POLYMER-COATED UREA; NITROGEN FERTILIZERS; BROILER LITTER; FIBER QUALITY; PIMA COTTON; LINT YIELD; NO-TILL; SOIL; CORN; MANAGEMENT AB Interest in the use of enhanced-efficiency nitrogen fertilizer (EENFs) sources has increased in recent years due to the potential of these new EENF sources to increase crop yield, while at the same time decreasing N loss from agricultural fields. The efficacy of these fertilizer sources on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) production in southeastern U.S. upland soils has not been well documented. Thus, a field study was conducted on a Coastal Plain soil (Marvyn loamy sand; fine-loamy, kaolinitic, thermic Typic Kanhapludult) in Central Alabama from 2009 to 2011 to compare EENFs to traditional N sources in a high-residue conservation cotton production system. Nitrogen fertilizer sources evaluated included urea (U), ammonium sulfate (AS), urea-ammonium sulfate (UAS), Environmentally Smart Nitrogen (ESN) (Agrium Advanced Technologies, Loveland, CO), stabilized urea (SuperU [SU] [Agrotain International, St. Louis, MO]), poultry litter (PL), poultry litter + AgrotainPlus (PLA) (KOCH Agronomic Services LLC, Wichita, KS), and an unfertilized control (C). Generally, no significant differences in cotton lint yield were observed between the traditional sources and EENFs. Nitrogen source affected fiber quality; however, effects varied among years and generally would not have impacted discount/premium values. In the present study, EENFs produced cotton lint yields similar to conventional fertilizers, suggesting their higher cost may render them uncompetitive at present. However, if EENFs reduce N loss through leaching, runoff and N2O flux from agricultural fields they could become viable alternative fertilizer sources. More research is needed on the benefits of enhanced-efficiency fertilizer use as a tool in agricultural production systems. C1 [Watts, Dexter B.; Runion, G. Brett; Torbert, H. Allen] ARS, USDA, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. [Nannenga, Katy W. Smith] Univ Minnesota, Crookston, MN 56716 USA. RP Watts, DB (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, 411 S Donahue Dr, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM Dexter.Watts@ars.usda.gov FU Agrium Inc.; Agrium Advanced Technologies; Agrotain International; Agricultural Research Service under the ARS GRACEnet Project; Alabama Cotton Commission; Cotton Incorporated; U.S. Poultry and Egg Association FX The authors thank the International Plant Nutrition Institute's Foundation for Agronomic Research with funding from Agrium Inc., Agrium Advanced Technologies, and Agrotain International for financial support for this project. This publication is also based on work supported by the Agricultural Research Service under the ARS GRACEnet Project. We also thank the Alabama Cotton Commission, Cotton Incorporated, and the U.S. Poultry and Egg Association for additional funding support. The authors would like to express their thanks to the E. V. Smith Agriculture Research and Extension Center, Field Crops Unit for help in managing the field operations. Lastly, we appreciate Ashley Robinson, Barry Dorman, and Robert Icenogle for technical assistance. NR 41 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 25 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 106 IS 2 BP 745 EP 752 DI 10.2134/agronj13.0216 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AH3SM UT WOS:000336045700045 ER PT J AU Sistani, KR Jn-Baptiste, M Simmons, JR AF Sistani, K. R. Jn-Baptiste, M. Simmons, J. R. TI Corn Response to Enhanced-Efficiency Nitrogen Fertilizers and Poultry Litter SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID IRRIGATED CROPPING SYSTEMS; CONTROLLED-RELEASE FERTILIZERS; GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS; NO-TILL CORN; OXIDE EMISSIONS; WATER-QUALITY; YIELD; SOIL; MANAGEMENT; UREA AB Nitrogen is one of the most important and costly nutrient inputs for crop production. Farmers are looking for better management practice to enhance production and reduce environmental impact. A 3-yr field study was established to examine corn (Zea mays L.) grain yield and nutrient uptake resulting from application of 168 kg N ha(-1) as urea (U), urea-ammonium nitrate (UAN), ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3), poultry litter (PL), and similar rate of commercially available enhanced-efficiency nitrogen fertilizers (EENF) as follow: polymer-coated urea (ESN), SuperU, UAN + AgrotainPlus, and PL + AgrotainPlus in a no-till corn production. Treatments were replicated four times in a completely randomized block design from 2009 to 2011. Aboveground plant biomass was harvested at physiological maturity each year to determine dry matter and nutrient uptake. Soil samples were taken three times per year to evaluate the status of the selected nutrients in soil. There was a significant increase in corn aboveground dry matter and grain yield with application of 168 kg N ha(-1) compared with control treatment. There was no significant difference in corn grain yield or dry matter among the N sources. However, averaged across all N sources, corn grain yield (10.1 Mg ha(-1)) in 2009 was greater than grain yield (7.5 Mg ha(-1)) in 2010 and 2011, mainly due to higher rainfall and better distribution in 2009. Addition of AgrotainPlus to UAN and PL did not influence corn grain yield. Additional research is needed to evaluate EENFs under different climatic conditions and different management practices. C1 [Sistani, K. R.; Jn-Baptiste, M.; Simmons, J. R.] ARS, USDA, Bowling Green, KY 42104 USA. RP Sistani, KR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 230 Bennett Lane, Bowling Green, KY 42104 USA. EM karamat.sistani@ars.usda.gov FU International Plant Nutrition Institute's Foundation for Agronomic Research; Agrium Inc., Calgary, AB; Agrotain International, St. Louis, MO; Agrium Advanced Technologies, Sylacauga, AL FX The authors thank the International Plant Nutrition Institute's Foundation for Agronomic Research (with support from Agrium Inc., Calgary, AB, and Agrotain International, St. Louis, MO) and Agrium Advanced Technologies, Sylacauga, AL, for providing product and financial support of this project. NR 45 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 106 IS 2 BP 761 EP 770 DI 10.2134/agronj2013.0087 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AH3SM UT WOS:000336045700047 ER PT J AU Hatfield, JL Parkin, TB AF Hatfield, Jerry L. Parkin, Timothy B. TI Enhanced Efficiency Fertilizers: Effect on Agronomic Performance of Corn in Iowa SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID POLYMER-COATED UREA; CHLOROPHYLL METER READINGS; NITROUS-OXIDE EMISSIONS; REFLECTANCE MEASUREMENTS; LEAF SENESCENCE; MAIZE HYBRIDS; WINTER-WHEAT; TILL CORN; YIELD; RELEASE AB Management of N in corn (Zea mays L.) production systems attempts to increase crop yields and minimize environment impact. This study evaluated enhanced efficiency fertilizers (EEFs) compared to their non-EEF forms on grain yield and corn biomass at the beginning of the grain-filling period, leaf chlorophyll index (CI) measurements, spectral reflectance, and leaf area index throughout the growing season. These studies were conducted on a continuous corn study from 2008 through 2010 stabilized urea with urease and nitrification inhibitors (SuperU [Koch Agronomic Services, Wichita, KS]), urea-ammonium nitrate (UAN) with and without a urease and nitrification inhibitor (AgrotainPlus [Koch Agronomic Services, Wichita, KS]), and environmentally smart nitrogen polymer coated urea (ESN [Agrium Advanced Technologies, Loveland, CO]). There was no significant effect of EEFs compared to non-EEF materials on the biomass or leaf area indices (LAI) at the end of vegetative development; however, there were consistently higher yields with the EEF materials. Differences in yield were related to increased leaf CI values during the grain-filling period and a summation index based on leaf CI was linearly related to grain yield. Use of the EEF materials decreased the rate of leaf senescence with a linear relationship for each year but not a common relationship among years. Application of EEF materials to corn produced a positive impact on grain yield through the increased ability of the corn canopy to maintain green leaf area, capture photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and convert this energy into larger yields. The effect of EEF materials on improved grain-fill under rainfed conditions of the central Corn Belt provides effective N management strategies to increase yield. C1 [Hatfield, Jerry L.; Parkin, Timothy B.] ARS, USDA, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Hatfield, JL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, 2110 Univ Blvd, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM jerry.hatfield@ars.usda.gov FU Agrium; Agrotain; Foundation for Agricultural Research FX We are grateful for the support from Agrium, Agrotain, and the Foundation for Agricultural Research for their support of this project in Ames and our companion sites at the other locations. We are also thankful for the dedication of Wolfgang Oesterreich, Richard Hartwig, Albert Swalla, and Otis Smith to this project and to the many students who assisted in the data collection. Without the efforts of all of these individuals the successful completion of this project would not be possible. NR 37 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 7 U2 30 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 106 IS 2 BP 771 EP 780 DI 10.2134/agronj2013.0104 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AH3SM UT WOS:000336045700048 ER PT J AU Broxton, P Troch, PA Schaffner, M Unkrich, C Goodrich, D AF Broxton, Patrick Troch, Peter A. Schaffner, Mike Unkrich, Carl Goodrich, David TI AN ALL-SEASON FLASH FLOOD FORECASTING SYSTEM FOR REAL-TIME OPERATIONS SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID HUMID HEADWATER CATCHMENTS; STORM RUNOFF GENERATION; MEAN-FIELD BIAS; RAIN-ON-SNOW; RADAR-RAINFALL; UNITED-STATES; SMALL-BASIN; MODEL; MOISTURE; WATER AB Flash floods can cause extensive damage to both life and property, especially because they are difficult to predict. Flash flood prediction requires high-resolution meteorological observations and predictions, as well as calibrated hydrological models, which should effectively simulate how a catchment filters rainfall inputs into streamflow. Furthermore, because of the requirement of both hydrological and meteorological components in flash flood forecasting systems, there must be extensive data handling capabilities built in to force the hydrological model with a variety of available hydrometeorological data and predictions, as well as to test the model with hydrological observations. The authors have developed a working prototype of such a system, called KINEROS/hsB-SM, after the hydrological models that are used: the Kinematic Erosion and Runoff (KINEROS) and hillslope-storage Boussinesq Soil Moisture (hsB-SM) models. KINEROS is an event-based overland flow and channel routing model that is designed to simulate flash floods in semiarid regions where infiltration excess overland flow dominates, while hsB-SM is a continuous subsurface flow model, whose model physics are applicable in humid regions where saturation excess overland flow is most important. In addition, KINEROS/hsB-SM includes an energy balance snowmelt model, which gives it the ability to simulate flash floods that involve rain on snow. There are also extensive algorithms to incorporate high-resolution hydrometeorological data, including stage III radar data (5 min, 1 degrees by 1 km), to assist in the calibration of the models, and to run the model in real time. The model is currently being used in an experimental fashion at the National Weather Service Binghamton, New York, Weather Forecast Office. C1 [Broxton, Patrick; Troch, Peter A.] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Schaffner, Mike] Natl Weather Serv, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Unkrich, Carl; Goodrich, David] ARS, USDA, Southwest Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Broxton, P (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Room 542,1118 E 4th St, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM broxtopd@email.arizona.edu FU Cooperative Program for Operational Meteorology, Education, and Training (COMET) [S09-75794]; Department of Energy [DE-SC0006773] FX This research was made possible by a Cooperative Program for Operational Meteorology, Education, and Training (COMET) grant to couple KINEROS and hsB-SM (S09-75794), as well as financial support during the preparation of this manuscript from a Department of Energy research grant involving the use of hsB in a high-resolution hybrid 3D hydrological model for the NCAR Community Earth System Model (DE-SC0006773). The authors would also like to thank Gustavo A. Carrillo Soto for his knowledge and expertise regarding hsB-SM, as well as others who contributed advice and computer codes used in the model. NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 16 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0003-0007 EI 1520-0477 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 95 IS 3 BP 399 EP 407 DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00212.1 PG 9 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AG1TE UT WOS:000335198200007 ER PT J AU Juang, HMH Chen, SC Hong, S Kanamaru, H Reichler, T Enomoto, T Putrasahan, D Anderson, BT Gershunov, S Li, HQ Yoshimura, K Buenning, N Boomer, D AF Juang, Hann-Ming Henry Chen, Shyh-Chin Hong, Songyou Kanamaru, Hideki Reichler, Thomas Enomoto, Takeshi Putrasahan, Dian Anderson, Bruce T. Gershunov, Sasha Li, Haiqin Yoshimura, Kei Buenning, Nikolaus Boomer, Diane TI REGIONAL SPECTRAL MODEL WORKSHOP IN MEMORY OF JOHN ROADS AND MASAO KANAMITSU SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article C1 [Juang, Hann-Ming Henry] NOAA, DOC, NWS, NCEP,EMC, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Chen, Shyh-Chin] US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, USDA, Riverside, CA USA. [Hong, Songyou] Yonsei Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seoul 120749, South Korea. [Kanamaru, Hideki] Food & Agr Org United Nat, Rome, Italy. [Reichler, Thomas] Univ Utah, Dept Atmospher Sci, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Enomoto, Takeshi] Kyoto Univ, Disaster Prevent Res Inst, Kyoto, Japan. [Putrasahan, Dian] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Anderson, Bruce T.] Boston Univ, Dept Earth & Environm, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Gershunov, Sasha; Boomer, Diane] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Li, Haiqin] Florida State Univ, Ctr Ocean Atmospher Predict Studies, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Yoshimura, Kei] Univ Tokyo, Atmosphere & Ocean Res Inst, Chiba, Japan. [Buenning, Nikolaus] Univ So Calif, Dept Earth Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Juang, HMH (reprint author), NOAA, DOC, NWS, NCEP,EMC, 5830 Univ Res Court, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. EM henry.juang@noaa.gov NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0003-0007 EI 1520-0477 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 95 IS 3 BP ES61 EP ES65 DI 10.1175/BAMS-13-00124.1 PG 5 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AG1TE UT WOS:000335198200001 ER PT J AU Wong, GK Shulman, RJ Chiou, EH Chumpitazi, BP AF Wong, Gregory K. Shulman, Robert J. Chiou, Eric H. Chumpitazi, Bruno P. TI Decreased Relative Diagnostic Yield of Esophagogastroduodenoscopy in Children With Gastroparesis SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article DE gastroparesis; EGD; children; histology ID GASTRIC-EMPTYING SCINTIGRAPHY; DYSPEPSIA; SOLIDS AB Background:Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and gastric emptying scintigraphy (GES) are commonly performed in the evaluation of children with upper gastrointestinal symptoms. It has been presumed, but not clarified, that gastroparesis increases the likelihood of identifying abnormalities on EGD. We sought to determine whether the presence of gastroparesis influenced the diagnostic yield of EGD in children.Methods:We conducted a retrospective chart review of children who underwent both an EGD and GES within 3 months of each other for evaluation of upper gastrointestinal symptoms (eg, abdominal pain). Clinical history (symptoms, comorbidities, medications, and surgical procedures), GES results, and EGD histology reports were captured.Results:A total of 125 children (46% female) were included, of whom, 70 (56%) had gastroparesis. Thirty-three (26%) children had liquid meal GES (1.21.1 y of age, mean +/- SD) and 92 (64%) had solid meal GES (12.4 +/- 3.6 y of age). There was an overall trend toward a decreased frequency of biopsy abnormalities in those with gastroparesis (P=0.09). Those with gastroparesis identified through liquid meal GES were less likely to have reflux esophagitis on biopsy (P=0.002). Those with gastroparesis identified on solid meal GES were less likely to have gastritis (P=0.04). Symptoms, comorbidities, or medications were not predictive of GES or EGD results.Conclusions:Children with gastroparesis may be less likely to have biopsy abnormalities identified on EGD in comparison to those without gastroparesis. Further prospective, larger, and multicenter studies are needed to validate our findings. C1 [Wong, Gregory K.; Shulman, Robert J.; Chiou, Eric H.; Chumpitazi, Bruno P.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Wong, Gregory K.; Shulman, Robert J.; Chiou, Eric H.; Chumpitazi, Bruno P.] Texas Childrens Hosp, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Shulman, Robert J.] ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX USA. RP Chumpitazi, BP (reprint author), Texas Childrens Hosp, 6701 Fannin St,CCC 1010, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM chumpita@bcm.edu FU National Institutes of Health [R01 NR05337]; Daffy's Foundation; USDA/ARS [6250-51000-043]; NASPGHAN Foundation/Nestle Nutrition Young Investigator Development Award; [P30 DK56338] FX Supported in part by R01 NR05337 (R.J.S.) from the National Institutes of Health, the Daffy's Foundation (R.J.S.), the USDA/ARS (R.J.S.) under Cooperative Agreement No. 6250-51000-043, and P30 DK56338 which funds the Texas Medical Center Digestive Disease Center. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. This work is a publication of the USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, and Texas Children's Hospital. The contents do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USDA, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the US Government. Funding was also provided by the NASPGHAN Foundation/Nestle Nutrition Young Investigator Development Award (B.P.C.). NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0192-0790 EI 1539-2031 J9 J CLIN GASTROENTEROL JI J. Clin. Gastroenterol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 48 IS 3 BP 231 EP 235 DI 10.1097/MCG.0b013e318299c8dd PG 5 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA AF7UU UT WOS:000334921100006 PM 23751841 ER PT J AU Mir, SAV Nagy-Szakal, D Smith, EO Gilger, MA Kellermayer, R AF Mir, Sabina A. V. Nagy-Szakal, Dorottya Smith, Elliot O'Brian Gilger, Mark A. Kellermayer, Richard TI Duration of Disease May Predict Response to Infliximab in Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article DE inflammatory bowel disease; pediatric ulcerative colitis; colectomy; infliximab ID INFLAMMATORY-BOWEL-DISEASE; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; CHILDREN; COMPLICATIONS; THERAPY; COHORT AB Background:Infliximab (IFX) is an established treatment modality for moderate to severe pediatric ulcerative colitis (UC). The purpose of this study was to identify clinical and laboratory parameters, which predict response to IFX in pediatric UC defined by colectomy as the primary outcome measure. Postsurgical complications were examined as well.Methods:A retrospective chart review was performed on children younger than 19 years who received IFX therapy at Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas for the treatment of UC from January 2005 to April 2012. Demographics, laboratory data, clinical subtype, duration of disease, transfusion requirement, number of IFX infusions, concurrent medications, and postoperative complication with regard to IFX exposure were examined.Results:Forty-seven patients (22 male and 25 female; average age at diagnosis: 11.4 y) received IFX. Twenty-six (55.3%) required colectomy, 20 (42.6%) of which occurred within a year of therapy initiation. Disease duration <20 months before IFX initiation, increased the likelihood of a colectomy within a year [OR: 3.8 (95% CI, 1.6-13.3), P=0.044]. Blood transfusion requirement before IFX was associated with higher rates of colectomy within a year [OR: 9.78 (95% CI, 2.2-43.3), P=0.0028]. Preoperative exposure to IFX within 8 weeks did not significantly increase postoperative complications (P=0.26). Serum albumin levels at diagnosis did not predict colectomy.Conclusions:Shorter disease duration and need for blood transfusion may be useful indicators of limited response to IFX in pediatric UC. C1 [Mir, Sabina A. V.; Nagy-Szakal, Dorottya; Smith, Elliot O'Brian; Gilger, Mark A.; Kellermayer, Richard] Texas Childrens Hosp, Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat,ARS,Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Sect Pediat Gastroenterol Hepatol & Nutr,USDA, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Mir, SAV (reprint author), Texas Childrens Hosp, Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat,ARS,Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Sect Pediat Gastroenterol Hepatol & Nutr,USDA, 6701 Fannin St,CC1010-00, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM mirsabina@hotmail.com NR 22 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0192-0790 EI 1539-2031 J9 J CLIN GASTROENTEROL JI J. Clin. Gastroenterol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 48 IS 3 BP 248 EP 252 DI 10.1097/MCG.0b013e31829f2e06 PG 5 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA AF7UU UT WOS:000334921100009 PM 24129407 ER PT J AU Buehler, J Lager, K Vincent, A Miller, C Thacker, E Janke, B AF Buehler, Jason Lager, Kelly Vincent, Amy Miller, Cathy Thacker, Eileen Janke, Bruce TI Issues encountered in development of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for use in detecting Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 exposure in swine SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; highly pathogenic avian Influenza A virus subtype H5N1; swine ID INFECTION; PIGS AB A potential mechanism by which highly pathogenic avian Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 could more readily infect human beings is through the infection of and adaptation in pigs. To detect the occurrence of such infection, monitoring of pig populations through serological screening would be highly desirable. In the current study, hemagglutination inhibition assays were able to detect antibodies against H5N1 developed in pigs, but because of antigenic variation between clades, the use of multiple virus strains were required. Whole recombinant virus and recombinant hemagglutinin antigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were generated that could detect antibody against multiple H5N1 strains, but which also detected antibody against endemic swine influenza viruses. A recombinant hemagglutinin antigen-based ELISA was as effective as the whole virus antigen ELISAs in detecting antibody against the H5N1 virus strains used and eliminated nearly all of the cross-reactivity with non-H5N1 virus antibody. The current study also highlighted the difficulty in establishing a decision (cutoff) value that would effectively counterbalance nonspecific reactivity against sensitivity. The results provide important information and considerations for the development of serological screening assays for highly pathogenic avian H5N1 viruses. C1 [Buehler, Jason; Miller, Cathy] Iowa State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Microbiol & Prevent Med, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Janke, Bruce] Iowa State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Diagnost & Prod Anim Med, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Lager, Kelly; Vincent, Amy] ARS, Virus & Prion Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. [Thacker, Eileen] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Janke, B (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Vet Diagnost Lab, 1600 South 16th St, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM bhjanke@iastate.edu OI Miller, Cathy/0000-0002-2601-4422 FU National Center for Infectious Disease, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; U.S. Department for Health and Human Services [1 UO1 CI000357-01] FX The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: Funding was provided by the National Center for Infectious Disease, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the U.S. Department for Health and Human Services (1 UO1 CI000357-01). NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1040-6387 EI 1943-4936 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 26 IS 2 BP 277 EP 281 DI 10.1177/1040638713518775 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AE1FS UT WOS:000333714700013 PM 24464555 ER PT J AU Nelson, DD Haldorson, GJ Stanton, JB Noh, SM Bradway, DS Mansfield, KG Baszler, TV AF Nelson, Danielle D. Haldorson, Gary J. Stanton, James B. Noh, Susan M. Bradway, Daniel S. Mansfield, Kristin G. Baszler, Timothy V. TI Francisella tularensis infection without lesions in gray tree squirrels (Sciurus griseus): a diagnostic challenge SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Polymerase chain reaction; squirrels; tularemia ID TULAREMIA; HOLARCTICA AB Fifteen cases of Francisella tularensis infection (tularemia) were identified in western gray (Sciurus griseus) and eastern gray (Sciurus carolinensis) squirrels submitted to the Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory between 2008 and 2011. All of the squirrels originated in Washington State, a geographical area with endemic tularemia in wildlife. Nine of the 15 squirrels with F. tularensis infection had gross (2/15) or microscopic (9/15) multifocal necrotizing lesions in the spleen, liver, or lymph nodes, typical of tularemia. Special stains did not reliably identify intralesional bacteria microscopically. Six of the 15 squirrels infected with F. tularensis lacked gross and microscopic lesions typical of tularemia. All 15 squirrels with F. tularensis infection were identified by polymerase chain reaction tests on the spleen, liver, or lymph node (including all 6 squirrels without typical tularemia lesions); 8 out of 9 squirrels were positive by direct fluorescent antibody test of tissues, and 5 out of 15 squirrels were positive by culture of tissues. The findings underscore the importance of considering tularemia as a possible cause of death when no lesions of tularemia can be identified at necropsy. Furthermore, the findings suggest the possibility of subclinical infections in gray squirrels, and the importance of molecular diagnostics for definitive diagnosis of F. tularensis infection in wild squirrels. C1 [Nelson, Danielle D.; Haldorson, Gary J.; Stanton, James B.; Noh, Susan M.; Bradway, Daniel S.; Baszler, Timothy V.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Nelson, Danielle D.; Haldorson, Gary J.; Stanton, James B.; Noh, Susan M.; Bradway, Daniel S.; Baszler, Timothy V.] Washington State Univ, Washington Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Noh, Susan M.] ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Pullman, WA USA. [Mansfield, Kristin G.] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Spokane Valley, WA USA. RP Nelson, DD (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, POB 647040, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM danielled@vetmed.wsu.edu RI Stanton, James/A-5277-2011 OI Stanton, James/0000-0002-7661-2631 NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 8 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1040-6387 EI 1943-4936 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 26 IS 2 BP 312 EP 315 DI 10.1177/1040638713520541 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AE1FS UT WOS:000333714700020 PM 24557750 ER PT J AU Olsson, MJ Lundstrom, JN Kimball, BA Gordon, AR Karshikoff, B Hosseini, N Sorjonen, K Hoglund, CO Solares, C Soop, A Axelsson, J Lekander, M AF Olsson, Mats J. Lundstrom, Johan N. Kimball, Bruce A. Gordon, Amy R. Karshikoff, Bianka Hosseini, Nishteman Sorjonen, Kimmo Hoglund, Caroline Olgart Solares, Carmen Soop, Anne Axelsson, John Lekander, Mats TI The Scent of Disease Human Body Odor Contains an Early Chemosensory Cue of Sickness SO PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE health; human body; olfactory perception ID FEMALE MICE; PARASITIZED MALES; SOCIAL-BEHAVIOR; INNATE IMMUNITY; PLEASANTNESS; INTERLEUKIN-1; REDUCTION; CYTOKINE; DISGUST; SYSTEM AB Observational studies have suggested that with time, some diseases result in a characteristic odor emanating from different sources on the body of a sick individual. Evolutionarily, however, it would be more advantageous if the innate immune response were detectable by healthy individuals as a first line of defense against infection by various pathogens, to optimize avoidance of contagion. We activated the innate immune system in healthy individuals by injecting them with endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide). Within just a few hours, endotoxin-exposed individuals had a more aversive body odor relative to when they were exposed to a placebo. Moreover, this effect was statistically mediated by the individuals' level of immune activation. This chemosensory detection of the early innate immune response in humans represents the first experimental evidence that disease smells and supports the notion of a "behavioral immune response" that protects healthy individuals from sick ones by altering patterns of interpersonal contact. C1 [Olsson, Mats J.; Lundstrom, Johan N.; Gordon, Amy R.; Karshikoff, Bianka; Hosseini, Nishteman; Sorjonen, Kimmo; Hoglund, Caroline Olgart; Solares, Carmen; Soop, Anne; Axelsson, John; Lekander, Mats] Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden. [Lundstrom, Johan N.; Kimball, Bruce A.; Gordon, Amy R.] Monell Chem Senses Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Lundstrom, Johan N.] Univ Penn, Dept Psychol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Kimball, Bruce A.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Lekander, Mats] Stress Res Inst, Stockholm, Sweden. RP Olsson, MJ (reprint author), Karolinska Inst, Div Psychol, Dept Clin Neurosci, Nobels Vag 9, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden. EM mats.j.olsson@ki.se RI Lundstrom, Johan/E-9482-2014; OI Lundstrom, Johan/0000-0002-3529-8981; Olsson, Mats/0000-0001-5592-3759; Axelsson, John/0000-0003-3932-7310 NR 28 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 4 U2 41 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0956-7976 EI 1467-9280 J9 PSYCHOL SCI JI Psychol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 25 IS 3 BP 817 EP 823 DI 10.1177/0956797613515681 PG 7 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA AC5YL UT WOS:000332596800022 PM 24452606 ER PT J AU Lake, EC Hough-Goldstein, J D'Amico, V AF Lake, Ellen C. Hough-Goldstein, Judith D'Amico, Vincent TI Integrating Management Techniques to Restore Sites Invaded by Mile- a-Minute Weed, Persicaria perfoliata SO RESTORATION ECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; RHINONCOMIMUS-LATIPES; INVASIVE PLANT; COMMUNITIES; IMPACT; ESTABLISHMENT; POPULATIONS; BIOCONTROL; HERBICIDE; REMOVAL C1 [Lake, Ellen C.] ARS, USDA, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. [Hough-Goldstein, Judith] Univ Delaware, Dept Entomol andWildlife Ecol, Newark, DE USA. [D'Amico, Vincent] Univ Delaware, US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Dept Entomol & Wildlife Ecol, Newark, DE USA. RP Lake, EC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Invas Plant Res Lab, 3225 Coll Ave, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. EM ellen.lake@ars.usda.gov FU Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team, USDA Forest Service, Morgantown, West Virginia FX We thank J. Ebert for assistance with plant identification, B. Bartz and J. Graham for technical assistance, and J. Pesek for statistical advice. Students and teachers from Radnor Middle School and Unionville High School helped to install the plantings, and members of the Hough-Goldstein laboratory and G. Cosentino assisted with field work. We thank the Phillip Alampi Beneficial Insect Rearing Laboratory for providing weevils, and J. Slavicek for providing elm seeds. Thanks to the Brandywine Conservancy, especially K. Fryberger and J. M. Provinski, and M. Swick and the Kendal-Crosslands Communities for hosting this research. Funding was provided by the Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team, USDA Forest Service, Morgantown, West Virginia. NR 46 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 28 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1061-2971 EI 1526-100X J9 RESTOR ECOL JI Restor. Ecol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 22 IS 2 BP 127 EP 133 DI 10.1111/rec.12035 PG 7 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AC4CN UT WOS:000332468300011 ER PT J AU Witmer, GW AF Witmer, Gary W. TI Evaluating Habitat Manipulations and Rodenticides to Protect Seedlings from Rodent Damage at Restored Landfills in New York SO RESTORATION ECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID APPLE ORCHARDS; POPULATIONS; MANAGEMENT; VOLE; UK; REPRODUCTION; REPELLENTS; DENSITY; GROWTH; SITES C1 USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Witmer, GW (reprint author), USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 Laporte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM Gary.W.Witmer@aphis.usda.gov FU New York Department of Environmental Protection FX I would like to thank the staff of the USDA Wildlife Services program in New York, especially District Supervisor Lee Humberg, for assistance with field work. The New York Department of Environmental Protection provided funding for the study and assistance by Helen Forgione. These studies were performed under USDA/NWRC IACUC-approved study protocols QA-1627 and QA-1648. The author has no conflict of interest with the names, materials, and statements in this study and paper. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1061-2971 EI 1526-100X J9 RESTOR ECOL JI Restor. Ecol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 22 IS 2 BP 178 EP 184 DI 10.1111/rec.12056 PG 7 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AC4CN UT WOS:000332468300015 ER PT J AU Questad, EJ Kellner, JR Kinney, K Cordell, S Asner, GP Thaxton, J Diep, J Uowolo, A Brooks, S Inman-Narahari, N Evans, SA Tucker, B AF Questad, Erin J. Kellner, James R. Kinney, Kealoha Cordell, Susan Asner, Gregory P. Thaxton, Jarrod Diep, Jennifer Uowolo, Amanda Brooks, Sam Inman-Narahari, Nikhil Evans, Steven A. Tucker, Brian TI Mapping habitat suitability for at-risk plant species and its implications for restoration and reintroduction SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE dryland; endangered; LiDAR; microtopography; outplant; threatened species; water stress ID SEASONAL RAIN-FOREST; TOPOGRAPHIC POSITION; FUNCTIONAL TRAITS; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; LIDAR; ECOSYSTEM; PATTERNS; ECOLOGY; CANOPY; MICROTOPOGRAPHY AB The conservation of species at risk of extinction requires data to support decisions at landscape to regional scales. There is a need for information that can assist with locating suitable habitats in fragmented and degraded landscapes to aid the reintroduction of at-risk plant species. In addition, desiccation and water stress can be significant barriers to the success of at-risk plant reintroduction programs. We examine how airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data can be used to model microtopographic features that reduce water stress and increase resource availability, providing information for landscape planning that can increase the success of reintroduction efforts for a dryland landscape in Hawaii. We developed a topographic habitat-suitability model (HSM) from LiDAR data that identifies topographic depressions that are protected from prevailing winds (high-suitability sites) and contrasts them with ridges and other exposed areas (low-suitability sites). We tested in the field whether high-suitability sites had microclimatic conditions that indicated better-quality habitat compared to low-suitability sites, whether plant-response traits indicated better growing conditions in high-suitability sites, whether the locations of individuals of existing at-risk plant species corresponded with our habitat-suitability classes, and whether the survival of planted individuals of a common native species was greater in high-suitability, compared to low-suitability, planting sites. Mean wind speed in a high-suitability field site was over five times lower than in a low-suitability site, and soil moisture and leaf wetness were greater, indicating less stress and greater resource availability in high-suitability areas. Plant height and leaf nutrient content were greater in high-suitability areas. Six at-risk species showed associations with high-suitability areas. The survival of planted individuals was less variable among high-suitability plots. These results suggest that plant establishment and survival is associated with the habitat conditions identified by our model. The HSM can improve the survival of planted individuals, reduce the cost of restoration and reintroduction programs through targeted management activities in high-suitability areas, and expand the ability of managers to make landscape-scale decisions regarding land-use, land acquisition, and species recovery. C1 [Questad, Erin J.] Calif State Polytech Univ Pomona, Dept Biol Sci, Pomona, CA 91768 USA. [Questad, Erin J.; Cordell, Susan; Uowolo, Amanda; Brooks, Sam] US Forest Serv, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, USDA, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Kellner, James R.; Kinney, Kealoha] Brown Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Kellner, James R.; Kinney, Kealoha; Asner, Gregory P.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Global Ecol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Thaxton, Jarrod] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Biol, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA. [Thaxton, Jarrod] Eastern Kentucky Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Richmond, KY 40475 USA. [Diep, Jennifer] Alaska Pacific Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Inman-Narahari, Nikhil; Evans, Steven A.; Tucker, Brian] Colorado State Univ, Ctr Environm Management Mil Lands, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Questad, EJ (reprint author), Calif State Polytech Univ Pomona, Dept Biol Sci, 3801 West Temple Ave, Pomona, CA 91768 USA. EM ejquestad@csupomona.edu RI Asner, Gregory/G-9268-2013 OI Asner, Gregory/0000-0001-7893-6421 FU Department of Defense (DoD) Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program; DoD Environmental Security Technology Certification Program FX We thank R. Moseley, L. Abaya, and H. K. Hinds for assistance in the field, CEMML at Colorado State University, and the Natural Resources Office of PTA. We thank T. Kennedy-Bowdoin, D. Knapp, M. Eastwood, P. Gardner, and the CAO team for collecting, analyzing, and mapping data for PTA. We gratefully acknowledge Commanders W. Richardson, R. C. Niles, and E. P. Shwedo for support at PTA. This work was funded by a grant from the Department of Defense (DoD) Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program to S. Cordell, J. M. Thaxton, and G. P. Asner; and funding from the DoD Environmental Security Technology Certification Program to E. J. Questad, J. R. Kellner, and S. Cordell. The Carnegie Airborne Observatory is made possible by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, the Grantham Foundation for the Protection of the Environment, the W. M. Keck Foundation, the Margaret A. Cargill Foundation, Mary Anne Nyburg Baker and G. Leonard Baker, Jr., and William R. Hearst III. NR 49 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 11 U2 54 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 EI 1939-5582 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 24 IS 2 BP 385 EP 395 DI 10.1890/13-0775.1 PG 11 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AA9HZ UT WOS:000331405700013 PM 24689149 ER PT J AU Richardson, BA Kitchen, SG Pendleton, RL Pendleton, BK Germino, MJ Rehfeldt, GE Meyer, SE AF Richardson, Bryce A. Kitchen, Stanley G. Pendleton, Rosemary L. Pendleton, Burton K. Germino, Matthew J. Rehfeldt, Gerald E. Meyer, Susan E. TI Adaptive responses reveal contemporary and future ecotypes in a desert shrub SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE assisted migration; blackbrush; climate change; Coleogyne ramosissima; ecological restoration; seed transfer zones ID BLACKBRUSH COLEOGYNE-RAMOSISSIMA; POPULATION GENETIC-STRUCTURE; RAPID CLIMATE-CHANGE; COLORADO PLATEAU; MOJAVE-DESERT; ASSISTED COLONIZATION; SEED-GERMINATION; SUITABLE HABITAT; CHANGING CLIMATE; NORTH-AMERICA AB Interacting threats to ecosystem function, including climate change, wildfire, and invasive species necessitate native plant restoration in desert ecosystems. However, native plant restoration efforts often remain unguided by ecological genetic information. Given that many ecosystems are in flux from climate change, restoration plans need to account for both contemporary and future climates when choosing seed sources. In this study we analyze vegetative responses, including mortality, growth, and carbon isotope ratios in two blackbrush (Coleogyne ramosissima) common gardens that included 26 populations from a range-wide collection. This shrub occupies ecotones between the warm and cold deserts of Mojave and Colorado Plateau ecoregions in western North America. The variation observed in the vegetative responses of blackbrush populations was principally explained by grouping populations by ecoregions and by regression with site-specific climate variables. Aridity weighted by winter minimum temperatures best explained vegetative responses; Colorado Plateau sites were usually colder and drier than Mojave sites. The relationship between climate and vegetative response was mapped within the boundaries of the species-climate space projected for the contemporary climate and for the decade surrounding 2060. The mapped ecological genetic pattern showed that genetic variation could be classified into cool-adapted and warm-adapted ecotypes, with populations often separated by steep clines. These transitions are predicted to occur in both the Mojave Desert and Colorado Plateau ecoregions. While under contemporary conditions the warm-adapted ecotype occupies the majority of climate space, climate projections predict that the cool-adapted ecotype could prevail as the dominant ecotype as the climate space of blackbrush expands into higher elevations and latitudes. This study provides the framework for delineating climate change-responsive seed transfer guidelines, which are needed to inform restoration and management planning. We propose four transfer zones in blackbrush that correspond to areas currently dominated by cool-adapted and warm-adapted ecotypes in each of the two ecoregions. C1 [Richardson, Bryce A.; Kitchen, Stanley G.; Meyer, Susan E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Provo, UT 84606 USA. [Pendleton, Rosemary L.; Pendleton, Burton K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Albuquerque, NM 87102 USA. [Germino, Matthew J.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Boise, ID 83706 USA. [Rehfeldt, Gerald E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. RP Richardson, BA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Provo, UT 84606 USA. EM brichardson.fs@gmail.com FU USDA Forest Service National Fire Plan (RMRS-GSD-1); Great Basin Native Plant Selection and Increase Project (GBNPSIP) FX The authors thank Stephanie Carlson and Stewart Sanderson for technical support and Brynne Lazarus for performing carbon isotope analyses. Funding was provided by USDA Forest Service National Fire Plan (RMRS-GSD-1) and Great Basin Native Plant Selection and Increase Project (GBNPSIP). Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 71 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 57 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 EI 1939-5582 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 24 IS 2 BP 413 EP 427 DI 10.1890/13-0587.1 PG 15 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AA9HZ UT WOS:000331405700015 PM 24689151 ER PT J AU Cooley, MB Quinones, B Oryang, D Mandrell, RE Gorski, L AF Cooley, Michael B. Quinones, Beatriz Oryang, David Mandrell, Robert E. Gorski, Lisa TI Prevalence of shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli Salmonella enterica, and Listeria monocytogenes at public access watershed sites in a California Central Coast agricultural region SO FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE STEC O157:57; STEC non-O157; Salmonella; Listeria monocytogenes; watersheds; agriculture; leafy-vegetable production; prevalence ID UNITED-STATES; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; SURFACE WATERS; WILD BIRDS; FOOD; ENVIRONMENT; DIVERSITY; OUTBREAKS; O157-H7; VIRULENCE AB Produce contaminated with enteric pathogens is a major source of foodborne illness in the United States. Lakes, streams, rivers, and ponds were sampled with Moore swabs bi-monthly for over 2 years at 30 locations in the vicinity of a leafy green growing region on the Central California Coast and screened for Shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC), Salmonella enterica, and Listeria monocytogenes to evaluate the prevalence and persistence of pathogen subtypes. The prevalence of STEC from 1386 samples was 11%; 110 samples (8%) contained E. coli O157:H7 with the highest prevalence occurring close to cattle operations. Non-O157 STEC isolates represented major clinical O-types and 57% contained both shiga toxin types 1 and 2 and intimin. Multiple Locus Variable Number Tandem Repeat Analysis of STEC isolates indicated prevalent strains during the period of study. Notably, Salmonella was present at high levels throughout the sampling region with 65% prevalence in 1405 samples resulting in 996 isolates with slightly lower prevalence in late autumn. There were 2, 8, and 14 sites that were Salmonella-positive over 90, 80, and 70% of the time, respectively. The serotypes identified most often were 6,8:d:-, Typhimurium, and Give. Interestingly, analysis by Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis indicated persistence and transport of pulsotypes in the region over several years. In this original study of L. monocytogenes in the region prevalence was 43% of 1405 samples resulting in 635 individual isolates. Over 85% of the isolates belonged to serotype 4b with serotypes 1/2a, 1/2b, 3a, 4d with 4e representing the rest, and there were 12 and 2 sites that were positive over 50 and 80% of the time, respectively. Although surface water is not directly used for irrigation in this region, transport to the produce can occur by other means. This environmental survey assesses initial contamination levels toward an understanding of transport leading to produce recalls or outbreaks. C1 [Cooley, Michael B.; Quinones, Beatriz; Mandrell, Robert E.; Gorski, Lisa] Agr Res Serv, Produce Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Oryang, David] US FDA, Div Risk Anal, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, College Pk, MD USA. RP Gorski, L (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, Produce Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, USDA, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM lisa.gorski@ars.usda.gov FU Agricultural Research Service CRIS project [5325-42000-046-00D]; Food and Drug Administration [224-11-2044] FX The authors would like to thank D. Carychao, A. Liang, K. Nguyen, S. Walker, and J. Govoni for technical assistance. This work was supported by funds from Agricultural Research Service CRIS project 5325-42000-046-00D and grant #224-11-2044 from the Food and Drug Administration. NR 64 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 34 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 2235-2988 J9 FRONT CELL INFECT MI JI Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 4 AR 30 DI 10.3389/fcimb.2014.00030 PG 13 WC Immunology; Microbiology SC Immunology; Microbiology GA AH4TC UT WOS:000336120000007 PM 24624367 ER PT J AU Hines, ME Turnquist, SE Ilha, MRS Rajeev, S Jones, AL Whittington, L Bannantine, JP Barletta, RG Grohn, YT Katani, R Talaat, AM Li, LL Kapur, V AF Hines, Murray E., II Turnquist, Sue E. Ilha, Marcia R. S. Rajeev, Sreekumari Jones, Arthur L. Whittington, Lisa Bannantine, John P. Barletta, Raul G. Groehn, Yrjoe T. Katani, Robab Talaat, Adel M. Li, Lingling Kapur, Vivek TI Evaluation of novel oral vaccine candidates and validation of a caprine model of Johne's disease SO FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis; vaccine efficacy; mutant vaccines; diagnostic tests; goats ID AVIUM SUBSP PARATUBERCULOSIS; MYCOBACTERIUM-AVIUM; EXPERIMENTAL-INFECTION; DAIRY-CATTLE; GOATS; EFFICACY; IDENTIFICATION; TUBERCULOSIS; CHALLENGE; CELL AB Johne's disease (JD) caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) is a major threat to the dairy industry and possibly some cases of Crohn's disease in humans. A MAP vaccine that reduced of clinical disease and/or reduced fecal shedding would aid in the control of JD. The objectives of this study were (1) to evaluate the efficacy of 5 attenuated strains of MAP as vaccine candidates compared to a commercial control vaccine using the protocol proposed by the Johne's Disease Integrated Program (JDIP) Animal Model Standardization Committee (AMSC), and (2) to validate the AMSC Johne's disease goat challenge model. Eighty goat kids were vaccinated orally twice at 8 and 10 weeks of age with an experimental vaccine or once subcutaneously at 8 weeks with Silirum (R) (Zoetis), or a sham control oral vaccine at 8 and 10 weeks. Kids were challenged orally with a total of approximately 1.44 x 10(9) CFU divided in two consecutive daily doses using MAP ATCC-700535 (K10-like bovine isolate). All kids were necropsied at 13 months post-challenge. Results indicated that the AMSC goat challenge model is a highly efficient and valid model for JD challenge studies. None of the experimental or control vaccines evaluated prevented MAP infection or eliminated fecal shedding, although the 329 vaccine lowered the incidence of infection, fecal shedding, tissue colonization and reduced lesion scores, but less than the control vaccine. Based on our results the relative performance ranking of the experimental live-attenuated vaccines evaluated, the 329 vaccine was the best performer, followed by the 318 vaccine, then 316 vaccine, 315 vaccine and finally the 319 vaccine was the worst performer. The subcutaneously injected control vaccine outperformed the orally-delivered mutant vaccine candidates. Two vaccines (329 and 318) do reduce presence of JD gross and microscopic lesions, slow progression of disease, and one vaccine (329) reduced fecal shedding and tissue colonization. C1 [Hines, Murray E., II; Turnquist, Sue E.; Ilha, Marcia R. S.; Rajeev, Sreekumari; Whittington, Lisa] Univ Georgia, Tifton Vet Diagnost & Invest Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Jones, Arthur L.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Food Anim Hlth & Management Program, Athens, GA USA. [Bannantine, John P.] Agr Res Serv, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. [Barletta, Raul G.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Lincoln, NE USA. [Groehn, Yrjoe T.] Cornell Univ, Epidemiol Sect, Dept Populat Med & Diagnost Sci, Ithaca, NY USA. [Katani, Robab; Li, Lingling; Kapur, Vivek] Penn State Univ, Dept Vet Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Talaat, Adel M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Pathobiol Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Hines, ME (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Tifton Vet Diagnost & Invest Lab, POB 1389,43 Brighton Rd, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM mhinesii@uga.edu RI APHA, Staff publications/E-6082-2010; OI Bannantine, John/0000-0002-5692-7898 FU US Department of Agriculture (Veterinary Services/APHIS) [07-9100-1136-CA]; Agriculture and Food Research Initiative competitive grant from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [4453-UG-USDA-8710]; Veterinary Diagnostic and Investigational Laboratory, University of Georgia, Tifton, Georgia, USA; NIFA Animal Health Project [NEB-39-162] FX The authors gratefully thank the numerous employees at the Tifton Veterinary Diagnostic and Investigational Laboratory for their assistance on this research project including Kim Bridges, Alan Bryant, Randall Gay, Kristie Goins, Jill Johnson, Jason Porter, Tammie Vann, Cindy Watson, and others. The authors wish to thank Dr. Ray Sweeney for providing original aliquots of the challenge strain (ATTC-700535) in this study. This study was supported in part by US Department of Agriculture (Veterinary Services/APHIS) grant #07-9100-1136-CA, by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative competitive grant # 4453-UG-USDA-8710 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, by a donation from Pfizer Animal Health, Inc. (Zoetis) and additional support from the Veterinary Diagnostic and Investigational Laboratory, University of Georgia, Tifton, Georgia, USA. Rant G. Barletta also acknowledges funding from NIFA Animal Health Project NEB-39-162. NR 25 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 8 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 2235-2988 J9 FRONT CELL INFECT MI JI Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 4 AR 26 DI 10.3389/fcimb.2014.00026 PG 14 WC Immunology; Microbiology SC Immunology; Microbiology GA AH4TC UT WOS:000336120000004 PM 24624365 ER PT J AU Vlaardingerbroek, H Ng, K Stoll, B Benight, N Chacko, S Kluijtmans, LAJ Kulik, W Squires, EJ Olutoye, O Schady, D Finegold, ML van Goudoever, JB Burrin, DG AF Vlaardingerbroek, Hester Kenneth Ng Stoll, Barbara Benight, Nancy Chacko, Shaji Kluijtmans, Leo A. J. Kulik, Wim Squires, E. James Olutoye, Oluyinka Schady, Deborah Finegold, Milton L. van Goudoever, Johannes B. Burrin, Douglas G. TI New generation lipid emulsions prevent PNALD in chronic parenterally fed preterm pigs SO JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE soybean oil; fish oil; cholestasis; FGF19; parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; FARNESOID-X-RECEPTOR; LIVER-DISEASE; BILE-ACIDS; INTESTINAL FAILURE; PLANT STEROLS; NEONATAL PIGS; NUTRITION; CHOLESTASIS; CHOLESTEROL AB Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is associated with the development of parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease (PNALD) in infants. Fish oil-based lipid emulsions can reverse PNALD, yet it is unknown if they can prevent PNALD. We studied preterm pigs administered TPN for 14 days with either 100% soybean oil (IL), 100% fish oil (OV), or a mixture of soybean oil, medium chain triglycerides (MCTs), olive oil, and fish oil (SL); a group was fed formula enterally (ENT). In TPN-fed pigs, serum direct bilirubin, gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), and plasma bile acids increased after the 14 day treatment but were highest in IL pigs. All TPN pigs had suppressed hepatic expression of farnesoid X receptor (FXR), cholesterol 7-hydroxylase (CYP7A1), and plasma 7 alpha-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one (C4) concentrations, yet hepatic CYP7A1 protein abundance was increased only in the IL versus ENT group. Organic solute transporter alpha (OST alpha) gene expression was the highest in the IL group and paralleled plasma bile acid levels. In cultured hepatocytes, bile acid-induced bile salt export pump (BSEP) expression was inhibited by phytosterol treatment. We show that TPN-fed pigs given soybean oil developed cholestasis and steatosis that was prevented with both OV and SL emulsions.(jlr) Due to the presence of phytosterols in the SL emulsion, the differences in cholestasis and liver injury among lipid emulsion groups in vivo were weakly correlated with plasma and hepatic phytosterol content. C1 [Vlaardingerbroek, Hester; van Goudoever, Johannes B.] Erasmus MC Sophia Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat, Div Neonatol, Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Kenneth Ng; Stoll, Barbara; Benight, Nancy; Chacko, Shaji; Burrin, Douglas G.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Sect Pediat Gastroenterol Hepatol & Nutr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Kluijtmans, Leo A. J.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Med Ctr, Dept Lab Med, Lab Genet Endocrine & Metab Dis, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Kulik, Wim] Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Dept Clin Chem, Lab Genet Metab Dis, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Squires, E. James] Univ Guelph, Dept Anim & Poultry Sci, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Olutoye, Oluyinka] Texas Childrens Hosp, Baylor Coll Med, Div Pediat Surg, Michael E DeBakey Dept Surg, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Schady, Deborah; Finegold, Milton L.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pathol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [van Goudoever, Johannes B.] Univ Amsterdam, Dept Pediat, Emma Childrens Hosp, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. [van Goudoever, Johannes B.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Burrin, DG (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Sect Pediat Gastroenterol Hepatol & Nutr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM dburrin@bcm.edu RI Kluijtmans, L.A.J./L-4437-2015; OI Benight, Nancy/0000-0001-7321-3187 FU USDA, Agricultural Research Service [58-6250-6-001]; National Institutes of Health [DK-094616]; American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition; Texas Medical Center Digestive Diseases Center (National Institutes of Health) [P30 DK-56338]; Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences; Young Investigator Exchange Program of the International Pediatric Research Foundation; Sophia Kinderziekenhuis Fonds, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; American Liver Foundation FX This work was supported in part by federal funds from the USDA, Agricultural Research Service under Cooperative Agreement Number 58-6250-6-001, National Institutes of Health Grant DK-094616 (D.G.B.), the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, and the Texas Medical Center Digestive Diseases Center (National Institutes of Health Grant P30 DK-56338). H. Vlaardingerbroek was supported by a grant obtained from the Ter Meulen Fund of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, a grant from the Young Investigator Exchange Program of the International Pediatric Research Foundation, and a Research fellowship grant of the Sophia Kinderziekenhuis Fonds, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. K. Ng was supported by a grant from the American Liver Foundation. Financial disclosure: D. G. Burrin received lipid emulsions donated from Fresenius Kabi for the study. NR 33 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 8 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0022-2275 EI 1539-7262 J9 J LIPID RES JI J. Lipid Res. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 55 IS 3 BP 466 EP 477 DI 10.1194/jlr.M044545 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA AH8YX UT WOS:000336425300011 PM 24478031 ER PT J AU Saffell, BJ Meinzer, FC Woodruff, DR Shaw, DC Voelker, SL Lachenbruch, B Falk, K AF Saffell, Brandy J. Meinzer, Frederick C. Woodruff, David R. Shaw, David C. Voelker, Steven L. Lachenbruch, Barbara Falk, Kristen TI Seasonal carbohydrate dynamics and growth in Douglas-fir trees experiencing chronic, fungal-mediated reduction in functional leaf area SO TREE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE growth limitation; non-structural carbohydrates; Phaeocryptopus gaeumannii; Pseudotsuga menziesii; Swiss needle cast ID SWISS NEEDLE CAST; PINUS-SYLVESTRIS L; CARBON LIMITATION; ASSIMILATION PRODUCTS; COASTAL OREGON; STARCH CONTENT; TUSSOCK MOTH; WATER-STRESS; L. TREES; SEVERITY AB Stored non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs) could play an important role in tree survival in the face of a changing climate and associated stress-related mortality. We explored the effects of the stomata-blocking and defoliating fungal disease called Swiss needle cast on Douglas-fir carbohydrate reserves and growth to evaluate the extent to which NSCs can be mobilized under natural conditions of low water stress and restricted carbon supply in relation to potential demands for growth. We analyzed the concentrations of starch, sucrose, glucose and fructose in foliage, twig wood and trunk sapwood of 15 co-occurring Douglas-fir trees expressing a gradient of Swiss needle cast symptom severity quantified as previous-year functional foliage mass. Growth (mean basal area increment, BAI) decreased by similar to 80% and trunk NSC concentration decreased by 60% with decreasing functional foliage mass. The ratio of relative changes in NSC concentration and BAI, an index of the relative priority of storage versus growth, more than doubled with increasing disease severity. In contrast, twig and foliage NSC concentrations remained nearly constant with decreasing functional foliage mass. These results suggest that under disease-induced reductions in carbon supply, Douglas-fir trees retain NSCs (either actively or due to sequestration) at the expense of trunk radial growth. The crown retains the highest concentrations of NSC, presumably to maintain foliage growth and shoot extension in the spring, partially compensating for rapid foliage loss in the summer and fall. C1 [Saffell, Brandy J.; Lachenbruch, Barbara] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Meinzer, Frederick C.; Woodruff, David R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Shaw, David C.; Falk, Kristen] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Engn Resources & Management, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Voelker, Steven L.] Southern Oregon Univ, Dept Biol, Ashland, OR 97520 USA. RP Meinzer, FC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM Rick.meinzer@oregonstate.edu RI Voelker, Steven/O-2909-2014 FU NSF [DEB-073882]; Swiss Needle Cast Cooperative FX This research was supported in part by NSF grant DEB-073882 and a grant from the Swiss Needle Cast Cooperative. NR 53 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 10 U2 39 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0829-318X EI 1758-4469 J9 TREE PHYSIOL JI Tree Physiol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 34 IS 3 BP 218 EP 228 DI 10.1093/treephys/tpu002 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AH1OQ UT WOS:000335891000002 PM 24550088 ER PT J AU Kilgo, JC Vukovich, MA AF Kilgo, John C. Vukovich, Mark A. TI Can snag creation benefit a primary cavity nester: Response to an experimental pulse in snag abundance SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Created snag; Home range overlap; Home range size; Melanerpes erythrocephalus; Primary cavity nester; Red-headed woodpecker ID NESTING BIRDS; TERRITORY SIZE; CONIFER FORESTS; WESTERN OREGON; WOODPECKERS; BEHAVIOR; DENSITY; MANAGEMENT; DYNAMICS; COMMUNITIES AB Thresholds in response by cavity-nesting bird populations to variations in the snag resource are poorly understood. In addition, limited information exists on the value of artificially created snags for cavitynesting birds. Therefore, uncertainty exists in whether artificially created snags can yield a positive population response among snag-dependent birds. We used an experimental approach to assess the abundance and territory dynamics of a primary cavity nester, the red-headed woodpecker (Melanerpes erythrocephalus), in response to three snag density treatments over an 8-year period following treatment installation in 2001. Treatments included snag removal, an unmanipulated control, and a snag pulse (snags experimentally created at 14 times control density). During the first two years post-treatment, abundance of red-headed woodpeckers did not differ among treatments. In 2004, woodpecker abundance in snag pulse plots surpassed that of other treatments and continued to increase until it peaked in 2007 (at nearly 6 times than on control plots), after which it declined but remained greater than on control plots through 2009. Increased woodpecker abundance in high snag density areas was facilitated primarily by a decrease in home range size. Because the red-headed woodpecker is negatively affected by very low snag densities, yet is capable of exploiting pulses in the snag resource by dramatically increasing its abundance, we conclude that snag density regulates populations of this primary cavity nesting species and that snag creation can be an important tool in its conservation. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Kilgo, John C.; Vukovich, Mark A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, New Ellenton, SC 29809 USA. RP Kilgo, JC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, POB 700, New Ellenton, SC 29809 USA. EM jkilgo@fs.fed.us FU U.S. Department of Energy-Savannah River Operations Office through the USDA Forest Service Savannah River [DE-AI09-00SR22188]; USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station FX We thank P. Champlin, T. Champlin, S. Edler, K. Frier, J. Hill, D. Jones, S. Junker, K. Kryshtalowych, L. Krysinsky, L. Lee, K. Legleu, B. Miley, K. Nayda, A. Reese, P. Sharine, F. Spilker, E. Uramkin, B. Vaness, and E. Winters for field assistance and J. Blake, E. Olson, and K. Wright for logistical support. We thank J. Home for helpful comments on home range analysis and D. Krementz, S. Lohr, and S. Zarnoch for reviewing the manuscript. Funding was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy-Savannah River Operations Office through the USDA Forest Service Savannah River under Interagency Agreement No. DE-AI09-00SR22188, and by the USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station. NR 63 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0006-3207 EI 1873-2917 J9 BIOL CONSERV JI Biol. Conserv. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 171 BP 21 EP 28 DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2014.01.003 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AG5VI UT WOS:000335486400003 ER PT J AU Silva, FML Donega, MA Cerdeira, AL Corniani, N Velini, ED Cantrell, CL Dayan, FE Coelho, MN Shea, K Duke, SO AF Silva, Ferdinando M. L. Donega, Mateus A. Cerdeira, Antonio L. Corniani, Natalia Velini, Edivaldo D. Cantrell, Charles L. Dayan, Franck E. Coelho, Mariana N. Shea, Katriona Duke, Stephen O. TI Roots of the Invasive Species Carduus nutans L. and C-acanthoides L. Produce Large Amounts of Aplotaxene, a Possible Allelochemical SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Allelochemical; Allelopathy; Aplotaxene; Carduus nutans; Carduus acanthoides; Phytotoxin ID ESSENTIAL OILS; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; COMPETITIVE ABILITY; CIRSIUM-JAPONICUM; THISTLE; ALLELOPATHY; DERIVATIVES; GERMINATION; HYDROCARBON; GROWTH AB The invasive thistle Carduus nutans has been reported to be allelopathic, yet no allelochemicals have been identified from the species. In a search for allelochemicals from C. nutans and the closely related invasive species C. acanthoides, bioassay-guided fractionation of roots and leaves of each species were conducted. Only dichloromethane extracts of the roots of both species contained a phytotoxin (aplotaxene, (Z,Z,Z)-heptadeca-1,8,11,14-tetraene) with sufficient total activity to potentially act as an allelochemical. Aplotaxene made up 0.44 % of the weight of greenhouse-grown C. acanthoides roots (ca. 20 mM in the plant) and was not found in leaves of either species. It inhibited growth of lettuce 50%(I-50) in soil at a concentration of ca. 0.5 mg g(-1) of dry soil (ca. 6.5 mM in soil moisture). These values gave a total activity in soil value (molar concentration in the plant divided by the molarity required for 50 % growth inhibition in soil = 3.08) similar to those of some established allelochemicals. The aplotaxene I-50 for duckweed (Lemna paucicostata) in nutrient solution was less than 0.333 mM, and the compound caused cellular leakage of cucumber cotyledon discs in darkness and light at similar concentrations. Soil in which C. acanthoides had grown contained aplotaxene at a lower concentration than necessary for biological activity in our short-term soil bioassays, but these levels might have activity over longer periods of time and might be an underestimate of concentrations in undisturbed and/or rhizosphere soil. C1 [Cantrell, Charles L.; Dayan, Franck E.; Duke, Stephen O.] ARS, NPURU, USDA, University, MS 38677 USA. [Silva, Ferdinando M. L.; Corniani, Natalia; Velini, Edivaldo D.] Sao Paulo State Univ, Weed Sci Lab, Fac Agron Sci, Expt Stn Lageado, BR-18610307 Botucatu, SP, Brazil. [Donega, Mateus A.] Univ Sao Paulo, Escola Super Agr Luiz de Queiroz, Dept Prod Vegetal, BR-13418900 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. [Cerdeira, Antonio L.] EMBRAPA Environm, Agr Res Serv, Brazilian Dept Agr, BR-13820000 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Coelho, Mariana N.] Univ Fed Fluminense, Fac Farm, BR-24241000 Niteroi, RJ, Brazil. [Shea, Katriona] Penn State Univ, Dept Biol, Mueller Lab 208, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Duke, SO (reprint author), ARS, NPURU, USDA, University, MS 38677 USA. EM stephen.duke@ars.usda.gov RI Shea, Katriona/B-7954-2008; Dayan, Franck/A-7592-2009 OI Shea, Katriona/0000-0002-7607-8248; Dayan, Franck/0000-0001-6964-2499 NR 48 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 36 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0098-0331 EI 1573-1561 J9 J CHEM ECOL JI J. Chem. Ecol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 40 IS 3 BP 276 EP 284 DI 10.1007/s10886-014-0390-8 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AG8GI UT WOS:000335656400017 PM 24557607 ER PT J AU Estell, RE Utsumi, SA Cibils, AF Anderson, DM AF Estell, R. E. Utsumi, S. A. Cibils, A. F. Anderson, D. M. TI Is Differential Use of Juniperus monosperma by Small Ruminants Driven by Terpenoid Concentration? SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Goats; Sheep; One-seed juniper; Terpenes; Herbivory; Resource availability hypothesis; Oxygenated terpenes; Targeted grazing ID ONE-SEED JUNIPER; RESOURCE AVAILABILITY; SECONDARY METABOLITES; REDBERRY JUNIPER; DEER PREFERENCE; VOLATILE OILS; UNITED-STATES; MULE DEER; IN-VITRO; GOATS AB Differential plant use by herbivores has been observed for several woody plant species and has frequently been attributed to plant secondary metabolites. We examined the relationship between terpenoid concentration and Juniperus monosperma herbivory by small ruminants. Two groups of animals (10 goats or 5 goats plus 4 sheep) browsed 16 paddocks (20x30 m) containing one-seed juniper for six days during two seasons. Juniper leaves were sampled from 311 saplings immediately after browsing. Saplings were categorized by size (short [<0.5 m], medium [0.5-1.0 m], or tall [>1.0 m]), and by browsing intensity (light [<33%], moderate [33-66%], or heavy [>66%]). Juniper bark was collected from 12 saplings during spring. Total estimated terpenoid concentrations in leaves and bark were 18.3+/-0.3 and 8.9+/-0.8 mg/g, respectively, and the dominant terpene in both tissues was a-pinene (11.1+/-0.2 and 7.6+/-0.7 mg/g, respectively). Total terpenoid concentration of juniper leaves was greater in spring than summer (20.6+/-0.5 vs. 16.7+/-0.3 mg/g, respectively) and was lower in short saplings than medium or tall saplings (16.5+/-0.6 vs. 19.8+/-0.4 and 19.5+/-0.4 mg/g, respectively). Total terpenoid concentration of leaves also differed among the three defoliation categories (21.2+/-0.6, 18.7+/-0.5, and 16.1+/-0.4 mg/g for light, moderate, and heavy, respectively). The smallest subset of terpenoids able to discriminate between light and heavy browsing intensity categories included eight compounds ([E]-beta-farnesene, bornyl acetate, gamma-eudesmol, endo-fenchyl acetate, gamma-cadinene, a-pinene, cis-piperitol, and cis-p-menth-2-en-1-ol). Our results suggest terpenoid concentrations in one-seed juniper are related to season, sapling size, and browsing by small ruminants. C1 [Estell, R. E.; Anderson, D. M.] USDA ARS, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Utsumi, S. A.] MSU, WK Kellogg Biol Stn, Dept Anim Sci, Hickory Corners, MI USA. [Cibils, A. F.] NMSU, Dept Anim & Range Sci, Las Cruces, NM USA. RP Estell, RE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM restell@nmsu.edu NR 52 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0098-0331 EI 1573-1561 J9 J CHEM ECOL JI J. Chem. Ecol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 40 IS 3 BP 285 EP 293 DI 10.1007/s10886-014-0389-1 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AG8GI UT WOS:000335656400018 PM 24532215 ER PT J AU Zhang, FF Kelly, MJ Saltzman, E Must, A Roberts, SB Parsons, SK AF Zhang, Fang Fang Kelly, Michael J. Saltzman, Edward Must, Aviva Roberts, Susan B. Parsons, Susan K. TI Obesity in Pediatric ALL Survivors: A Meta-Analysis SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Review DE obesity; acute lymphoblastic leukemia; pediatric; survivors ID ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC-LEUKEMIA; LONG-TERM SURVIVORS; BODY-MASS-INDEX; CHILDHOOD-CANCER SURVIVOR; BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; CRANIAL IRRADIATION; ADULT SURVIVORS; METABOLIC SYNDROME; ENERGY-INTAKE; BLOOD-PRESSURE AB BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Previous studies of survivors of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have drawn heterogeneous conclusions regarding the prevalence of obesity and risk factors for developing obesity in pediatric ALL survivors. We sought to determine the prevalence of obesity in pediatric ALL survivors and examine risk factors for obesity through a systematic review and meta-analysis.METHODS:A MEDLINE search was performed from its inception through 2013. Studies met the inclusion criteria if they (1) included at least 10 survivors of pediatric ALL; (2) assessed the prevalence or indicators of obesity; and (3) compared obesity among ALL survivors to a reference population or external control group. Extracted data included patient and treatment characteristics, study design, population used for comparison, and prevalence of obesity.RESULTS:Forty-seven studies met the inclusion criteria. Despite significant heterogeneity among the studies (I-2 = 96%), the mean BMI z score in 1742 pediatric ALL survivors was 0.83 (95% confidence interval: 0.60-1.06), which corresponds to the 80th BMI percentile, indicating a significantly higher BMI in pediatric ALL survivors than the reference population. Subgroup analyses found a high prevalence of obesity in ALL survivors regardless of survivors' receipt of cranial irradiation, gender, or age at diagnosis.CONCLUSIONS:Obesity is prevalent in pediatric ALL survivors and is independent of patient- and treatment-related characteristics. Clinicians need to screen for obesity and its associated health conditions early in survivorship. C1 [Zhang, Fang Fang] Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Dept Nutr Sci, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Zhang, Fang Fang; Saltzman, Edward; Roberts, Susan B.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Kelly, Michael J.] Tufts Med Ctr, Floating Hosp Children, Div Pediat Hematol Oncol, Boston, MA USA. [Kelly, Michael J.; Parsons, Susan K.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Must, Aviva] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth & Community Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Parsons, Susan K.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Parsons, Susan K.] Tufts Med Ctr, Inst Clin Res & Hlth Policy Studies, Boston, MA USA. RP Zhang, FF (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, 150 Harrison Ave,Jaharis 235, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM fang_fang.zhang@tufts.edu FU Boston Nutrition Obesity Research Center [P30DK46200]; National Center for Research Resources [UL1 RR025752]; National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences; National Institutes of Health [UL1 TR000073]; National Institutes of Health (NIH) FX All phases of this study were supported by Boston Nutrition Obesity Research Center grant P30DK46200, National Center for Research Resources grant UL1 RR025752, the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, and National Institutes of Health grant UL1 TR000073. The funding source had no role in the design, conduct, or analysis of this study or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). NR 66 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 EI 1098-4275 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD MAR PY 2014 VL 133 IS 3 BP E704 EP E715 DI 10.1542/peds.2013-3332 PG 12 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA AG3PB UT WOS:000335330700053 PM 24534408 ER PT J AU Toosi, ER Schmidt, JP Castellano, MJ AF Toosi, Ehsan R. Schmidt, John P. Castellano, Michael J. TI Soil temperature is an important regulatory control on dissolved organic carbon supply and uptake of soil solution nitrate SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOIL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Dissolved organic matter (DOM); Flowpath; Nitrate; Soil temperature; Subsoil; Solubilization; Abiotic processes ID PREFERENTIAL FLOW PATHS; MICROBIAL BIOMASS; CO2 PRODUCTION; MATTER; FOREST; DYNAMICS; MINERALIZATION; RHIZODEPOSITION; RESPIRATION; PERSPECTIVE AB The role of abiotic processes on dissolved organic matter (DOM) production is often underappreciated. However, abiotic processes appear to be especially important in subsoils where, with increasing depth, microbial activity declines and soil organic matter (SOM) becomes a progressively more important' contributor to DOM. Within three soil depths (20, 40, and 60 cm) in a temperate forest, soil temperature was positively associated with dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration (R-2 = 0.23-0.77) and the DOM humification index (R-2 = 0.35-0.72) for soil solutions in slow and fast flowpaths. With increasing soil temperature from 5 to 24 degrees C, average DOC concentrations increased by 86% at 20 cm, 12% at 40 cm and 12% at 60 cm soil depths. Our data suggest that DOM supply, especially in subsoils, is temperature dependent. We attribute this to the influence of temperature on DOM replenishment through direct processes such as SOM dissolution, diffusion and exchange reactions as well as indirect processes such as rhizodeposition and exoenzyme activity. In contrast, negative relationships (R-2 = 0.71-0.88) between temperature and nitrate concentrations in subsoil suggested that the temperature-dependent supply of DOM drives microbial processes such as dissimilatory and assimilatory nitrate consumption. (C) 2014 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Toosi, Ehsan R.; Castellano, Michael J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Schmidt, John P.] USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA USA. RP Toosi, ER (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM etoosi@msu.edu OI Castellano, Michael/0000-0003-1411-7931 FU USDA AFRI grant FX We would like to thank Dr. A. Clapp for providing access to spectrofluorometer and Dr. M. Thompson for his helpful comments. We appreciate Amanda Oswald for laboratory and Michael Reiner, Sarah Fishel, David Otto, and Todd StroheCker for field assistance. The research was funded by a USDA AFRI grant. NR 37 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 43 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1164-5563 EI 1778-3615 J9 EUR J SOIL BIOL JI Eur. J. Soil Biol. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 61 BP 68 EP 71 DI 10.1016/j.ejsobi.2014.01.003 PG 4 WC Ecology; Soil Science SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture GA AG2YU UT WOS:000335283800010 ER PT J AU Guan, YT AF Guan, Yongtao TI Detecting Structure of Haplotypes and Local Ancestry SO GENETICS LA English DT Article DE admixture; local ancestry; haplotype; linkage disequilibrium (LD); two-layer clustering ID DISEASE-GENE DISCOVERY; DENSITY ADMIXTURE MAP; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; RECOMBINATION RATES; POPULATION-GENETICS; GENOTYPE DATA; HUMAN GENOME; INFERENCE; HOTSPOTS; UYGHURS AB We present a two-layer hidden Markov model to detect the structure of haplotypes for unrelated individuals. This allows us to model two scales of linkage disequilibrium (one within a group of haplotypes and one between groups), thereby taking advantage of rich haplotype information to infer local ancestry of admixed individuals. Our method outperforms competing state-of-the-art methods, particularly for regions of small ancestral track lengths. Applying our method to Mexican samples in HapMap3, we found two regions on chromosomes 6 and 8 that show significant departure of local ancestry from the genome-wide average. A software package implementing the methods described in this article is freely available at http://bcm.edu/cnrc/mcmcmc. C1 [Guan, Yongtao] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Guan, Yongtao] Baylor Coll Med, ARS, USDA, Dept Mol & Human Genet,Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Guan, YT (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, 1100 Bates Room 2070, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM yongtaog@bcm.edu FU U.S. Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service award [6250-51000-052] FX The author thanks Paul Scheet for helpful discussions regarding the theta update used in Scheet and Stephens (2006) and Alex Renwick and Hanli Xu for the results of HAPMIX. Robert Waterland and John Belmont read and commented on an early version of this article. Mark Meyer, Jennifer Coon, and Joanne Salman's suggestions improved the grammar and spelling of the manuscript. Nancy Cox suggested that the author double check the consistency of strands between different data sets; her suggestion led to the discovery of a bug that flipped alleles of A/T, C/G SNPs when their minor allele frequencies are close to 0.5, which subsequently produced some spurious results reported in an early draft. The author thanks two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments that greatly improved clarity of the presentation. The author was supported in part by U.S. Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service award 6250-51000-052. NR 34 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU GENETICS SOC AM PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 1943-2631 J9 GENETICS JI Genetics PD MAR PY 2014 VL 196 IS 3 BP 625 EP + DI 10.1534/genetics.113.160697 PG 23 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA AE3VC UT WOS:000333905500006 PM 24388880 ER PT J AU Bruscantini, CA Perna, P Ferrazzoli, P Grings, F Karszenbaum, H Crow, WT AF Bruscantini, Cintia A. Perna, Pablo Ferrazzoli, Paolo Grings, Francisco Karszenbaum, Haydee Crow, Wade T. TI Effect of Forward/Inverse Model Asymmetries Over Retrieved Soil Moisture Assessed With an OSSE for the Aquarius/SAC-D Mission SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) CY JUN 04-08, 2012 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA DE Aquarius; OSSE; radiative transfer model; soil moisture; theoretical model ID SYSTEM SIMULATION EXPERIMENT; EMISSION AB An Observing System Simulation Experiment (OSSE) for the Aquarius/SAC-D mission that includes different models for forward and retrieval processes is presented. This OSSE is implemented to study the errors related to the use of simple retrieval models in passive microwave applications. To this end, a theoretical forward model was introduced, which is suitable to reproduce some of the complexities related to canopy vegetation scattering. So far, this OSSE has been successfully exploited to study the artifacts in the retrieved soil moisture associated to: 1) uncertainties and aggregation of the ancillary parameters needed for the retrieval, and 2) instrumental noise effects. In this paper, we attempt to model the influence of this "model asymmetry" (different forward and inverse model) in the estimated soil moisture. These asymmetries are related to the fact that the emissivity of real surfaces is complex and strongly dependent on land cover type and condition. In particular, surface covered by average to dense vegetation presents complex scattering properties, related to canopy structure. Using this theoretical model, the difficulties related to retrieving soil moisture from passive data with a simple model are studied. The accuracy of the soil moisture estimation is analyzed in order to illustrate the impact of discrepancies between both models. In general, retrieved soil moisture performs worse over dense vegetated areas and under wet conditions. Furthermore, accuracy is highly dependent on land cover. C1 [Bruscantini, Cintia A.; Perna, Pablo; Grings, Francisco] IAFE, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Karszenbaum, Haydee] IAFE, Remote Sensing Grp, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Ferrazzoli, Paolo] Tor Vergata Univ, DICII, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Crow, Wade T.] ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM cintiab@iafe.uba.ar OI Grings, Francisco/0000-0001-5252-2466 FU SAC-D/Aquarius (NASA-CONAE) AO project FX This work is being developed and supported within the frame of the SAC-D/Aquarius (NASA-CONAE) AO project "La Plata Basin floods and droughts: Contribution of microwave remote sensing in monitoring and prediction." NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1939-1404 EI 2151-1535 J9 IEEE J-STARS JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Observ. Remote Sens. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 7 IS 3 BP 943 EP 949 DI 10.1109/JSTARS.2013.2265076 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Physical Geography; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA AG4KG UT WOS:000335387900025 ER PT J AU Verrill, SP Evans, JW Kretschmann, DE Hatfield, CA AF Verrill, Steve P. Evans, James W. Kretschmann, David E. Hatfield, Cherilyn A. TI Reliability Implications in Wood Systems of a Bivariate Gaussian-Weibull Distribution and the Associated Univariate Pseudo-truncated Weibull SO JOURNAL OF TESTING AND EVALUATION LA English DT Article DE wood system reliability; modulus of rupture; modulus of elasticity; Gaussian copula ID CORRELATED LUMBER PROPERTIES; EXPONENTIAL-DISTRIBUTION; EXTENSION AB Two important wood properties are the modulus of elasticity (MOE) and the modulus of rupture (MOR). In the past, the statistical distribution of the MOE has often been modeled as Gaussian, and that of the MOR as lognormal or as a two-or three-parameter Weibull distribution. It is well known that MOE and MOR are positively correlated. To model the simultaneous behavior of MOE and MOR for the purposes of wood system reliability calculations, we introduce a bivariate Gaussian-Weibull distribution and the associated univariate pseudo-truncated Weibull (PTW). We note that theoretical arguments suggest that the strength distributions of grades of lumber are likely to be PTW rather than Weibull. We describe a Web-based program that fits bivariate Gaussian-Weibull data sets (and thus fits PTW distributions to MOR data). We present data that demonstrate that strength distributions of visual grades of lumber are not Weibull and do display at least some of the characteristics of PTW data. Finally, we demonstrate via simulation that if we fit a Weibull distribution to PTW data (as is often done), we can obtain very poor estimates of probabilities of failure. C1 [Verrill, Steve P.; Evans, James W.; Kretschmann, David E.; Hatfield, Cherilyn A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Verrill, SP (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 0090-3973 EI 1945-7553 J9 J TEST EVAL JI J. Test. Eval. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 42 IS 2 BP 412 EP 419 DI 10.1520/JTE20130019 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA AG3PQ UT WOS:000335332200016 ER PT J AU Leuchtmann, A Bacon, CW Schardl, CL White, JF Tadych, M AF Leuchtmann, Adrian Bacon, Charles W. Schardl, Christopher L. White, James F., Jr. Tadych, Mariusz TI Nomenclatural realignment of Neotyphodium species with genus Epichloe SO MYCOLOGIA LA English DT Review DE anamorph; Ascomycota; classification; Clavicipitaceae; endophyte; fungi; grass; nomenclature; pleomorph; Poaceae; systematic; taxonomy; teleomorph ID ENDOPHYTE-HOST ASSOCIATIONS; SYMBIOTIC FUNGAL ENDOPHYTES; FORAGE GRASSES; TALL FESCUE; EVOLUTIONARY ORIGINS; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; VERTICAL TRANSMISSION; FESTUCA-ARUNDINACEA; DACTYLIS-GLOMERATA; AMERICAN GRASSES AB Nomenclatural rule changes in the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi and plants, adopted at the 18th International Botanical Congress in Melbourne, Australia, in 2011, provide for a single name to be used for each fungal species. The anamorphs of Epichloe species have been classified in genus Neotyphodium, the form genus that also includes most asexual Epichloe descendants. A nomenclatural realignment of this monophyletic group into one genus would enhance a broader understanding of the relationships and common features of these grass endophytes. Based on the principle of priority of publication we propose to classify all members of this clade in the genus Epichloe: We have reexamined classification of several described Epichloe and Neotyphodium species and varieties and propose new combinations and states. In this treatment we have accepted 43 unique taxa in Epichloe including distinct species, subspecies, and varieties. We exclude from Epichloe the two taxa Neotyphodium starrii, as nomen dubium, and Neotyphodium chilense, as an unrelated taxon. C1 [Leuchtmann, Adrian] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Integrat Biol, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. [Bacon, Charles W.] USDA ARS SAA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Schardl, Christopher L.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant Pathol, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [White, James F., Jr.; Tadych, Mariusz] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Plant Biol & Pathol, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. RP Tadych, M (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Plant Biol & Pathol, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. EM tadych@aesop.rutgers.edu RI Leuchtmann, Adrian/I-2922-2012; Schardl, Christopher/P-5655-2014; Tadych, Mariusz/G-4449-2015 OI Schardl, Christopher/0000-0003-2197-0842; Tadych, Mariusz/0000-0003-4776-1096 FU Genetic Diversity Centre, ETH Zurich; Swiss National Science Foundation [31003A-117729]; U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS); United States National Science Foundation [EPS-0814194]; Department of Agriculture [2010-34457-21269]; National Institute of General Medical Sciences [R01GM086888]; Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station; Harry E. Wheeler Endowment; New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station; NARO-ILGS, Japan [GR 10140] FX AL acknowledges support of the Genetic Diversity Centre, ETH Zurich, and a grant of the Swiss National Science Foundation (31003A-117729). CWB acknowledges support from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS). CLS acknowledges support from the United States National Science Foundation (EPS-0814194), Department of Agriculture (2010-34457-21269), National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R01GM086888), Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station, and Harry E. Wheeler Endowment. JFW and MT acknowledge support of the New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station. Micrographs were generated by Dr JinGe Liu and Dr Sladana Bec at the University of Kentucky and Ms Dorothy M. Hinton at USDA-ARS, Athens, Georgia. Additional technical support was provided by Mr Walter Hollin, and DNA sequencing was conducted by Ms Jennifer L. Wiseman, Ms Jennifer S. Webb, Ms Love Gill Robinson and Ms Cagney Coomer of the Advanced Genetic Technologies Center at the University of Kentucky. Isolate E7358 was provided (as strain GR 10140) by Dr. Koya Sugawara of NARO-ILGS, Japan. We thank Dr Anthony E. Glenn (USDA-ARS, Athens, Georgia) for his longstanding interest and discussions on the taxonomy of grass endophytes. NR 126 TC 114 Z9 133 U1 5 U2 60 PU ALLEN PRESS INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0027-5514 EI 1557-2536 J9 MYCOLOGIA JI Mycologia PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 106 IS 2 BP 202 EP 215 DI 10.3852/106.2.202 PG 14 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA AG2YX UT WOS:000335284100002 PM 24459125 ER PT J AU Li, YC Ortiz-Santana, B Zeng, NK Feng, B Yang, ZL AF Li, Yan-Chun Ortiz-Santana, Beatriz Zeng, Nian-Kai Feng, Bang Yang, Zhu L. TI Molecular phylogeny and taxonomy of the genus Veloporphyrellus SO MYCOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Boletaceae; mycorrhiza; new taxa; phylogeny; taxonomy ID BOLETACEAE; MORPHOLOGY; BOLETALES; SEQUENCES; BOLETUS; FUNGUS; DNA AB Veloporphyrellus is a genus known from North and Central America, southeastern Asia, and Africa. Because species of this genus are phenotypically similar to some taxa in several genera, such as Boletellus, Leccinum, Strobilomyces, Suillus and Tylopilus s.l. belonging to Boletales, its phylogenetic disposition has never been addressed. We analyzed four DNA regions, the nuclear ribosomal LSU and tef-1 alpha, and the mitochondrial mtSSU and atp6 genes, to investigate the phylogenetic disposition of Veloporphyrellus. Although the monophyly of the genus and its systematic placement within the Boletaceae was well supported, its relationship to other genera was not resolved. Morphologically Veloporphyrellus is distinguished from other boletoid genera by the combination of the pinkish or grayish pink hyrnenophore, the membranous veil hanging on the pilea margin, the trichoderm-like pileus covering and the smooth basidiospores. Five species, including two new species and two new combinations, are described and illustrated. A key to the species of Veloporphyrellus also is provided. C1 [Li, Yan-Chun; Feng, Bang; Yang, Zhu L.] Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Bot, Key Lab Plant Divers & Biogeog East Asia, Kunming 650201, Peoples R China. [Ortiz-Santana, Beatriz] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Ctr Forest Mycol Res, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Zeng, Nian-Kai] Hainan Med Univ, Dept Pharm, Haikou 571199, Peoples R China. RP Yang, ZL (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Bot, Key Lab Plant Divers & Biogeog East Asia, Kunming 650201, Peoples R China. EM fungi@mail.kib.ac.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31000012, 31210103919, 31370001]; Independent Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [KSCX2-EW-J-24]; Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province [2013FB066]; CAS/SAFEA International Partnership Program for Creative Research Teams FX The authors thank Dr Robert Lacking (F) for providing type specimen of V pantoleucus on loan and granting permission to extract DNA from the type specimens. The authors are very grateful for the help of Dr M. Binder and two anonymous reviewers for the critical review and helpful comments on the manuscript. We also thank Dr L.P. Tang and Mr X.T. Zhu (KUN) for providing collections. This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 31000012, 31210103919, 31370001), the Independent Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KSCX2-EW-J-24), the Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province (2013FB066) and the CAS/SAFEA International Partnership Program for Creative Research Teams. NR 44 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 11 PU ALLEN PRESS INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0027-5514 EI 1557-2536 J9 MYCOLOGIA JI Mycologia PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 106 IS 2 BP 291 EP 306 DI 10.3852/106.2.291 PG 16 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA AG2YX UT WOS:000335284100009 PM 24782497 ER PT J AU Montalvo, J Von Hoven, T Rodgers, J AF Montalvo, J. Von Hoven, T. Rodgers, J., III TI Split-replicates correlation of water content in cotton SO TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cotton; Karl Fischer Titration; moisture equilibrium; split-replicates correlation; water content AB The range of water content in US cottons equilibrated to moisture equilibrium at standard textile testing conditions and analyzed by standard Karl Fischer Titration is small, <0.8%. This presents a challenge in obtaining accurate test data to calibrate fast sensors. A dozen raw cottons, nine American and three international, were analyzed for water by standard Karl Fischer Titration. The number of replicates analyzed, blending, and two conditioning systems - either standard room or closed chamber in the standard room with salt solution to control humidity - were examined. Split-replicates correlation within samples, by splitting out either half the available number or three replicates at a time, was used as the measure of correlation. The split-correlation results depended on the number of replicates, mixing of the laboratory sample, and method of conditioning. These results suggest that good correlations are possible when mean water content is the dependent variable in regressions with fast sensor data. This improved understanding of the correlation behavior, which is important for optimal application of methods to measure water in samples equilibrated to moisture equilibrium. C1 [Montalvo, J.; Von Hoven, T.; Rodgers, J., III] USDA ARS SRRC, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Montalvo, J (reprint author), USDA ARS SRRC, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM joe.montalvo@ars.usda.gov FU Cotton Incorporated Cooperative Agreement [11-871] FX This work was supported by Cotton Incorporated Cooperative Agreement number 11-871. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 9 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0040-5175 EI 1746-7748 J9 TEXT RES J JI Text. Res. J. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 84 IS 4 BP 435 EP 445 DI 10.1177/0040517513499430 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Textiles SC Materials Science GA AA9SR UT WOS:000331433700009 ER PT J AU Essaid, HI Hill, BR AF Essaid, Hedeff I. Hill, Barry R. TI Watershed-scale modeling of streamflow change in incised montane meadows SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE meadow hydrology; stream incision; watershed modeling ID IMPACTED WET MEADOWS; SIERRA-NEVADA; DEPENDENT ECOSYSTEMS; RIPARIAN MEADOW; CASCADE RANGES; CALIFORNIA; USA; RESTORATION; GROUNDWATER; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION AB Land use practices have caused stream channel incision and water table decline in many montane meadows of the Western United States. Incision changes the magnitude and timing of streamflow in water supply source watersheds, a concern to resource managers and downstream water users. The hydrology of montane meadows under natural and incised conditions was investigated using watershed simulation for a range of hydrologic conditions. The results illustrate the interdependence between: watershed and meadow hydrology; bedrock and meadow aquifers; and surface and groundwater flow through the meadow for the modeled scenarios. During the wet season, stream incision resulted in less overland flow and interflow and more meadow recharge causing a net decrease in streamflow and increase in groundwater storage relative to natural meadow conditions. During the dry season, incision resulted in less meadow evapotranspiration and more groundwater discharge to the stream causing a net increase in streamflow and a decrease in groundwater storage relative to natural meadow conditions. In general, for a given meadow setting, the magnitude of change in summer streamflow and long-term change in watershed groundwater storage due to incision will depend on the combined effect of: reduced evapotranspiration in the eroded meadow; induced groundwater recharge; replenishment of dry season groundwater storage depletion in meadow and bedrock aquifers by precipitation during wet years; and groundwater storage depletion that is not replenished by precipitation during wet years. Key Points Meadow and watershed properties influence meadow response to stream channel incision Postincision streamflow change is influenced by changes in the groundwater system Postincision streamflow change is sensitive to change in evapotranspiration C1 [Essaid, Hedeff I.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Hill, Barry R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Vallejo, CA USA. RP Essaid, HI (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM hiessaid@usgs.gov FU CA Department of Water Resources; USDA Forest Service; U.S. Geological Survey FX This work has been supported by the CA Department of Water Resources, USDA Forest Service, and the U.S. Geological Survey. We thank Liza Hoos (graduate student, Duke University) for her assistance with GIS analysis, and Andrew Manning (USGS) for providing well information, and Rich Niswonger (USGS) for GSFLOW support. We also thank Jim Constantz and three anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments and suggestions. The GSFLOW software used for this study is available at http://water.usgs.gov/nrp/gwsoftware/gsflow/gsflow.html and specific model data are available from the corresponding author. NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 22 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 EI 1944-7973 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 50 IS 3 BP 2657 EP 2678 DI 10.1002/2013WR014420 PG 22 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA AE6NV UT WOS:000334111600045 ER PT J AU Egan, JF Bohnenblust, E Goslee, S Mortensen, D Tooker, J AF Egan, J. Franklin Bohnenblust, Eric Goslee, Sarah Mortensen, David Tooker, John TI Herbicide drift can affect plant and arthropod communities SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Plant diversity; Arthropod diversity; Herbicide drift; Biotechnology; Pollination; Biological control ID SPRAY DRIFT; AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPES; BOUNDARY VEGETATION; VAPOR DRIFT; FIELD; CONSERVATION; GLYPHOSATE; DICAMBA; 2,4-D; BIODIVERSITY AB Field edges, old fields, and other semi-natural habitats in agricultural landscapes support diverse plant communities that help sustain pollinators, predators, and other beneficial arthropods. These plant and arthropod communities may be at significant ecotoxicological risk from herbicides applied to nearby crop fields. Recent innovations in herbicide-resistant crop biotechnology may lead to major increases in the use of the herbicides dicamba and 2,4-D. These herbicides selectively affect broadleaf plants, and nontarget exposures may therefore lead to a net reduction in the functional diversity and floral resources provided by semi-natural habitats. In multi-year experiments at two sites (a field edge and an old field), we exposed replicated plots to low doses of dicamba designed to simulate herbicide drift and monitored changes in plant and arthropod communities. At the field edge site, we observed a significant decline in forb cover (but not floral resources) in plots treated at doses (similar to 1% of the field application rate) that are substantially lower than those that have been documented to affect plant communities in previous research. We also observed declines in three herbivorous pest species (pea aphids, spotted alfalfa aphid, and potato leaf hopper), increases in one pest species (clover root curculio), and increases in beneficial seed predators (crickets) associated with dicamba exposure. In contrast, at the old field site, drift-level doses did not affect plant community structure but reduced flowering of a key species (Monarda fistulosa). Variability across sites and taxonomic groups makes it difficult to offer general conclusions about the risks of dicamba drift to plant and arthropod biodiversity. Factors including the successional age of the plant community and water stress at the time of herbicide exposure likely explain the differing responses at the two sites to simulated drift. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Egan, J. Franklin; Mortensen, David] Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Bohnenblust, Eric; Tooker, John] Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Goslee, Sarah] USDA ARS, Pasture Syst Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Egan, JF (reprint author), USDA ARS, Pasture Syst Watershed Management Res Unit, Bldg 3702 Curtin Rd, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM franklin.egan@ars.usda.gov; ewb14@psu.edu; sarah.goslee@ars.usda.gov; dmortensen@psu.edu; tooker@psu.edu RI Tooker, John/P-6421-2014 OI Tooker, John/0000-0002-9303-6699 FU US EPA Science to Achieve Results fellowships [FP917131012, FP917431] FX We thank Brian Macafee, Scott Smiles, and David Biddinger for assistance establishing and managing field sites for this research. Dwight Lingenfelter and Art Gover provided recommendations on herbicide application methods. Bethany Carter, Ian Graham, and Kathryn Barlow provided assistance with plant censuses, and Allie Shoffner, Curtis London, Glenden Taylor, and Andrew Aschwanden assisted with insect sampling and sorting. This work was supported through US EPA Science to Achieve Results fellowships awarded to J. F. Egan (FP917131012) and E. Bohnenblust (FP917431). Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 67 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 62 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8809 EI 1873-2305 J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 185 BP 77 EP 87 DI 10.1016/j.agee.2013.12.017 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AF8PL UT WOS:000334978000010 ER PT J AU Carrillo, Y Dijkstra, FA Pendall, E LeCain, D Tucker, C AF Carrillo, Yolima Dijkstra, Feike A. Pendall, Elise LeCain, Dan Tucker, Colin TI Plant rhizosphere influence on microbial C metabolism: the role of elevated CO2, N availability and root stoichiometry SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Elevated CO2; Microbial efficiency; Carbon; Soil organic matter; Microbial communities; Metabolic quotient; Nitrogen; Stoichiometry; Roots ID CARBON-USE-EFFICIENCY; SOIL ORGANIC-MATTER; NITROGEN LIMITATION; SEMIARID GRASSLAND; DECOMPOSITION; COMMUNITIES; BIOMASS; RESPIRATION; TEMPERATURE; BACTERIAL AB Microbial decomposer C metabolism is considered a factor controlling soil C stability, a key regulator of global climate. The plant rhizosphere is now recognized as a crucial driver of soil C dynamics but specific mechanisms by which it can affect C processing are unclear. Climate change could affect microbial C metabolism via impacts on the plant rhizosphere. Using continuous C-13 labelling under controlled conditions that allowed us to quantify SOM derived-C in all pools and fluxes, we evaluated the microbial metabolism of soil C in the rhizosphere of a C4 native grass exposed to elevated CO2 and under variation in N concentrations in soil and in plant root C:N stoichiometry. Our results demonstrated that this plant can influence soil C metabolism and further, that elevated CO2 conditions can alter this role by increasing microbial C efficiency as indicated by a reduction in soil-derived C respiration per unit of soil C-derived microbial biomass. Moreover, under elevated CO2 increases in soil N, and notably, root tissue N concentration increased C efficiency, suggesting elevated CO2 shifted the stoichiometric balance so N availability was a more critical factor regulating efficiency than under ambient conditions. The root C:N stoichiometry effect indicates that plant chemical traits such as root N concentration are able to influence the metabolism of soil C and that elevated CO2 conditions can modulate this role. Increased efficiency in soil C use was associated with negative rhizosphere priming and we hypothesize that the widely observed phenomenon of rhizosphere priming may result, at least in part, from changes in the metabolic efficiency of microbial populations. Observed changes in the microbial community support that shifting microbial populations were a contributing factor to the observed metabolic responses. Our case study points at greater efficiency of the SOM-degrading populations in a high CO2, high N world, potentially leading to greater C storage of microbially assimilated C in soil. C1 [Carrillo, Yolima; Pendall, Elise; Tucker, Colin] Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Carrillo, Yolima; Pendall, Elise; Tucker, Colin] Univ Wyoming, Program Ecol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Carrillo, Yolima; Dijkstra, Feike A.] Univ Sydney, Ctr Carbon Water & Food, Fac Agr & Environm, Dept Environm Sci, Camden, NSW 2570, Australia. [LeCain, Dan] USDA ARS, Crops Res Lab, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Tucker, Colin] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. RP Carrillo, Y (reprint author), Univ Western Sydney, Hawkesbury Inst Environm, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia. EM yolima.carrillo@sydney.edu.au; feike.dijkstra@sydney.edu.au; pendall@uwyo.edu.au; dan.lecain@ars.usda.gov; cltucker@alaska.edu OI Pendall, Elise/0000-0002-1651-8969; Dijkstra, Feike/0000-0002-6191-6018 FU University of Wyoming; National Science Foundation [1021559 DEB]; USDA-CSREES Soil Processes Program [2008-35107-18655]; US Department of Energy's Office of Science (BER) through the Terrestrial Ecosystem Science program; Western Regional Center of the National Institute for Climatic Change Research at Northern Arizona University; Australian Research Council [FT100100779] FX We thank Jennifer Bell, Courtney Ellis, Joanne Newcomb, Lyndsy Soltau, Janet Chen, Jana Heisler-White, Marcus Brock and Matthew Rubin for assistance in the field and in the laboratory. This material is based upon work supported by the University of Wyoming through a Grant-in-Aid of Research, National Science Foundation (Grant No. 1021559 DEB), USDA-CSREES Soil Processes Program (Grant No. 2008-35107-18655), US Department of Energy's Office of Science (BER) through the Terrestrial Ecosystem Science program, the Western Regional Center of the National Institute for Climatic Change Research at Northern Arizona University, and by the Australian Research Council (FT100100779). Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. NR 51 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 8 U2 145 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-2563 EI 1573-515X J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY JI Biogeochemistry PD MAR PY 2014 VL 117 IS 2-3 BP 229 EP 240 DI 10.1007/s10533-014-9954-5 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA AE1CL UT WOS:000333703400001 ER PT J AU Chen, MH Bowman, MJ Dien, BS Rausch, KD Tumbleson, ME Singh, V AF Chen, Ming-Hsu Bowman, Michael J. Dien, Bruce S. Rausch, Kent D. Tumbleson, M. E. Singh, Vijay TI Autohydrolysis of Miscanthus x giganteus for the production of xylooligosaccharides (XOS): Kinetics, characterization and recovery SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Miscanthus x giganteus; Autohydrolysis; Xylooligossaccharides (XOS); Pretreatment; Degree of polymerization (DP) ID XYLO-OLIGOSACCHARIDES; ACTIVATED-CHARCOAL; ETHANOL; BIOMASS; PRETREATMENT; DELIGNIFICATION; PURIFICATION; MANUFACTURE; HYDROLYSIS; AMMONIA AB The optima conditions of production and purification of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) from Miscanthus x giganteus (MxG) were investigated. Using autohydrolysis, XOS were produced at 160, 180 and 200 degrees C at 60, 20 and 5 min, respectively. XOS yield up to 13.5% (w/w) of initial biomass and 69.2% (w/w) of xylan were achieved. Results from HPAEC-PAD analysis revealed that X1-X9 sugar oligomers were produced. Higher temperature and longer reaction time resulted in lower product molecular weight. The three optimum conditions had similar degrees of polymerization XOS. Using 10% activated carbon (w/v) with ethanol/water elution recovered 47.9% (w/w) of XOS from pretreated liquid phase. The XOS could be fractionated by degree of polymerization according to ethanol concentration in the ethanol/water elution. Most of the XOS were washed out in 30% and 50% ethanol/water (v/v) fractions. Recoveries of 91.8% xylobiose, 86.9% xylotriose, 66.3% xylotetrose, 56.2% xylopentose and 48.9% xylohexaose were observed in XOS. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Chen, Ming-Hsu; Rausch, Kent D.; Tumbleson, M. E.; Singh, Vijay] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Bowman, Michael J.; Dien, Bruce S.] ARS, Bioenergy Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Singh, V (reprint author), Univ Illinois, 1304 W Penn Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM vsingh@illinois.edu OI Dien, Bruce/0000-0003-3863-6664 NR 31 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 6 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-8524 EI 1873-2976 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 155 BP 359 EP 365 DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.12.050 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA AF6MA UT WOS:000334828000050 PM 24463409 ER PT J AU Russo, GT Giandalia, A Romeo, EL Marotta, M Alibrandi, A De Francesco, C Horvath, KV Asztalos, B Cucinotta, D AF Russo, G. T. Giandalia, A. Romeo, E. L. Marotta, M. Alibrandi, A. De Francesco, C. Horvath, K. V. Asztalos, B. Cucinotta, D. TI Lipid and non-lipid cardiovascular risk factors in postmenopausal type 2 diabetic women with and without coronary heart disease SO JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Creatine clearance; SdLDL; Coronary heart disease; Type 2 diabetes; Women ID C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; SMALL DENSE LDL; HOMOCYSTEINE LEVELS; PRIMARY PREVENTION; INSULIN; CHOLESTEROL; INFLAMMATION; METAANALYSIS; MORTALITY AB Background Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death in diabetic women. In addition to hyperglycemia, other factors may contribute to the excessive cardiovascular risk. Aim In this study we evaluated common and emerging risk factors in a selected group of postmenopausal type 2 diabetic women with (n = 36) and without CHD (n = 59), not taking lipid-lowering medications. Methods Clinical and lifestyle data were collected, and metabolic and lipid profile, as well as fasting plasma levels of total homocysteine (tHcy), folate, vitamin B12, C-reactive protein (hsCRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) were measured in all participants. Results Age, menopause and diabetes duration, family history for cardiovascular disease, prevalence of hypertension and current insulin use were greater in diabetic women with than without CHD (P < 0.05 for all comparisons). CHD women also showed higher levels of triglycerides, small dense LDL (sdLDL), remnant-like particle cholesterol, tHcy, and VCAM-1, and a lower creatinine clearance (P < 0.05 all). Conversely, the two groups were comparable for BMI, waist circumference, smoking habit, fasting plasma glucose, HbA(1c), total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), HDL cholesterol, folate, vitamin B12, hsCRP and IL-6 levels. At multivariate analysis, lower creatinine clearance (OR = 0.932, P = 0.017) and higher sdLDL serum concentration (OR = 1.224, P = 0.037) were the strongest risk factors associated with CHD in this population, whereas no significant association was noted with LDL-C. Conclusions Our data suggest that beyond LDL-C, a lower creatinine clearance and more subtle alterations of LDL particles, together with a constellation of several well known and emerging cardiovascular risk factors, are stronger contributors to the high CHD risk of diabetic women. C1 [Russo, G. T.; Giandalia, A.; Romeo, E. L.; Marotta, M.; De Francesco, C.; Cucinotta, D.] Univ Messina, Dept Clin & Expt Med, Messina, Italy. [Alibrandi, A.] Univ Messina, Dept Stat Sci, Messina, Italy. [Horvath, K. V.; Asztalos, B.] Tufts Univ, Lipid Metab Lab, JM USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Russo, GT (reprint author), Univ Messina, Dept Clin & Expt Med, Messina, Italy. EM giuseppina.russo@unime.it RI cucinotta, domenico/F-4832-2014 NR 47 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0391-4097 EI 1720-8386 J9 J ENDOCRINOL INVEST JI J. Endocrinol. Invest. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 37 IS 3 BP 261 EP 268 DI 10.1007/s40618-013-0023-z PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA AG1CI UT WOS:000335152200006 PM 24615362 ER PT J AU Lydersen, JM Collins, BM Ewell, CM Reiner, AL Fites, JA Dow, CB Gonzalez, P Saah, DS Battles, JJ AF Lydersen, Jamie M. Collins, Brandon M. Ewell, Carol M. Reiner, Alicia L. Fites, Jo Ann Dow, Christopher B. Gonzalez, Patrick Saah, David S. Battles, John J. TI Using field data to assess model predictions of surface and ground fuel consumption by wildfire in coniferous forests of California SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article DE fuel consumption; wildfire emissions; fuel load model; greenhouse gas inventory; emissions modeling; California ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; LAKE TAHOE BASIN; SIERRA-NEVADA; CLIMATE-CHANGE; REGRESSION TREES; CARBON EMISSIONS; FIRE MANAGEMENT; USA; CLASSIFICATION; SEVERITY AB Inventories of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from wildfire provide essential information to the state of California, USA, and other governments that have enacted emission reductions. Wildfires can release a substantial amount of GHGs and other compounds to the atmosphere, so recent increases in fire activity may be increasing GHG emissions. Quantifying wildfire emissions however can be difficult due to inherent variability in fuel loads and consumption and a lack of field data of fuel consumption by wildfire. We compare a unique set of fuel data collected immediately before and after six wildfires in coniferous forests of California to fuel consumption predictions of the first-order fire effects model (FOFEM), based on two different available fuel characterizations. We found strong regional differences in the performance of different fuel characterizations, with FOFEM overestimating the fuel consumption to a greater extent in the Klamath Mountains than in the Sierra Nevada. Inaccurate fuel load inputs caused the largest differences between predicted and observed fuel consumption. Fuel classifications tended to overestimate duff load and underestimate litter load, leading to differences in predicted emissions for some pollutants. When considering total ground and surface fuels, modeled consumption was fairly accurate on average, although the range of error in estimates of plot level consumption was very large. These results highlight the importance of fuel load input to the accuracy of modeled fuel consumption and GHG emissions from wildfires in coniferous forests. Key Points Measured fuel load immediately before and after six wildfires Compared observed consumption to predicted for several fuel classifications Inaccurate fuel load predictions led to error in estimates of consumption C1 [Lydersen, Jamie M.; Collins, Brandon M.] US Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, USDA, Davis, CA USA. [Ewell, Carol M.] US Forest Serv, Adapt Management Serv, Enterprise Team, USDA, Sonora, CA USA. [Reiner, Alicia L.] US Forest Serv, Adapt Management Serv, Enterprise Team, USDA, State Coll, PA USA. [Fites, Jo Ann] US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Reg, USDA, Vallejo, CA USA. [Dow, Christopher B.; Battles, John J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Gonzalez, Patrick] Natl Pk Serv, Nat Resource Stewardship & Sci, Washington, DC USA. [Saah, David S.] Spatial Informat Grp LLC, Pleasanton, CA USA. [Saah, David S.] Univ San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94117 USA. RP Lydersen, JM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, USDA, Davis, CA USA. EM jmlydersen@fs.fed.us RI Battles, John/G-8233-2012; Gonzalez, Patrick/B-9479-2013 OI Battles, John/0000-0001-7124-7893; Gonzalez, Patrick/0000-0002-7105-0561 FU California Air Resources Board [10-778] FX We are very grateful to Klaus Scott, California Air Resources Board for providing feedback on the data analysis and reviewing the manuscript. We would also like to thank the Fire Behavior Assessment Team (USFS), including N. Vaillant, for collecting and organizing the field data. Sylvia Mori at the USFS, Pacific Southwest Research Station was consulted for statistical advice. Funding was provided by the California Air Resources Board, contract 10-778. Eric Knapp (USFS), John Dennis (NPS), and two anonymous reviewers provided helpful feedback on the manuscript. NR 69 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 16 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-8953 EI 2169-8961 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO JI J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 119 IS 3 BP 223 EP 235 DI 10.1002/2013JG002475 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA AF2HZ UT WOS:000334534500004 ER PT J AU Yang, J Tian, HQ Tao, B Ren, W Kush, J Liu, YQ Wang, YH AF Yang, Jia Tian, Hanqin Tao, Bo Ren, Wei Kush, John Liu, Yongqiang Wang, Yuhang TI Spatial and temporal patterns of global burned area in response to anthropogenic and environmental factors: Reconstructing global fire history for the 20th and early 21st centuries SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article DE climate change; fire history; fire model; Dynamic Land Ecosystem Model (DLEM); global burned area ID BIOMASS BURNING EMISSIONS; LONG-TERM TRENDS; UNITED-STATES; VEGETATION MODEL; CHANGING CLIMATE; CARBON STORAGE; NORTH-AMERICA; EARTH SYSTEM; FOREST; CO2 AB Fire is a critical component of the Earth system, and substantially influences land surface, climate change, and ecosystem dynamics. To accurately predict the fire regimes in the 21st century, it is essential to understand the historical fire patterns and recognize the interaction among fire, human, and environment factors. Until now, few efforts are put on the studies regarding to the long-term fire reconstruction and the attribution analysis of anthropogenic and environmental factors to fire regimes at global scale. To fill this knowledge gap, we developed a 0.5 degrees x0.5 degrees data set of global burned area from 1901 to 2007 by coupling Global Fire Emission Database version 3 with a process-based fire model and conducted factorial simulation experiments to evaluate the impacts of human, climate, and atmospheric components. The average global burned area is similar to 442x10(4)km(2)yr(-1) during 1901-2007 and our results suggest a notable declining rate of burned area globally (1.28x10(4)km(2)yr(-1)). Burned area in tropics and extratropics exhibited a significant declining trend, with no significant trend detected at high latitudes. Factorial experiments indicated that human activities were the dominant factor in determining the declining trend of burned area in tropics and extratropics, and climate variation was the primary factor controlling the decadal variation of burned area at high latitudes. Elevated CO2 and nitrogen deposition enhanced burned area in tropics and southern extratropics but suppressed fire occurrence at high latitudes. Rising temperature and frequent droughts are becoming increasingly important and expected to increase wildfire activity in many regions of the world. Key Points Global burned area data set was reconstructed by using fire model simulation Global burned area showed a downward trend in the twentieth century Human and environmental factors were critical in shaping fire regimes C1 [Yang, Jia; Tian, Hanqin; Tao, Bo; Ren, Wei; Kush, John] Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Int Ctr Climate & Global Change Res, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Liu, Yongqiang] US Forest Serv, Ctr Forest Disturbance Sci, USDA, Athens, GA USA. [Wang, Yuhang] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Tian, HQ (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Int Ctr Climate & Global Change Res, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM tianhan@auburn.edu RI TAO, BO/I-4166-2014; Tian, Hanqin/A-6484-2012; Wang, Yuhang/B-5578-2014; Ren, Wei/G-8317-2016; Ren, Wei/I-4048-2014; Yang, Jia/A-6483-2012 OI Tian, Hanqin/0000-0002-1806-4091; Ren, Wei/0000-0002-4840-4835; Yang, Jia/0000-0003-2019-9603 FU NSF/USDA/DOE Decadal and Regional Climate Prediction using Earth System Models [AGS-1243220, NIFC2013-35100-20516]; USDA/USDI Joint Fire Science Program [JFSP 11172]; NSF Dynamics of Coupled Natural and Human Systems [1210360]; NSF Computer and Network Systems [CNS-1059376] FX This research has been supported by NSF/USDA/DOE Decadal and Regional Climate Prediction using Earth System Models (AGS-1243220 and NIFC2013-35100-20516), USDA/USDI Joint Fire Science Program (JFSP 11172), NSF Dynamics of Coupled Natural and Human Systems (1210360), and NSF Computer and Network Systems (CNS-1059376). NR 81 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 42 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-8953 EI 2169-8961 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO JI J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 119 IS 3 BP 249 EP 263 DI 10.1002/2013JG002532 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA AF2HZ UT WOS:000334534500006 ER PT J AU McKean, J Tonina, D Bohn, C Wright, CW AF McKean, J. Tonina, D. Bohn, C. Wright, C. W. TI Effects of bathymetric lidar errors on flow properties predicted with a multi-dimensional hydraulic model SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-EARTH SURFACE LA English DT Article DE bathymetric lidar; hydrodynamic models; bed mobility errors; channel shear stress errors ID COMPUTATIONAL FLUID-DYNAMICS; RESOLUTION TOPOGRAPHIC DATA; RIVER CHANNEL MORPHOLOGY; FORM-RESOLVING LIDAR; SPATIAL-RESOLUTION; SMALL-FOOTPRINT; HYPORHEIC EXCHANGE; AERIAL-PHOTOGRAPHY; LASER BATHYMETRY; STREAM HABITATS AB New remote sensing technologies and improved computer performance now allow numerical flow modeling over large stream domains. However, there has been limited testing of whether channel topography can be remotely mapped with accuracy necessary for such modeling. We assessed the ability of the Experimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidar, to support a multi-dimensional fluid dynamics model of a small mountain stream. Random point elevation errors were introduced into the lidar point cloud, and predictions of water surface elevation, velocity, bed shear stress, and bed mobility were compared to those made without the point errors. We also compared flow model predictions using the lidar bathymetry with those made using a total station channel field survey. Lidar errors caused <1cm changes in the modeled water surface elevations. Effects of the point errors on other flow characteristics varied with both the magnitude of error and the local spatial density of lidar data. Shear stress errors were greatest where flow was naturally shallow and fast, and lidar errors caused the greatest changes in flow cross-sectional area. The majority of the stress errors were less than 5Pa. At near bankfull flow, the predicted mobility state of the median grain size changed over 1.3% of the model domain as a result of lidar elevation errors and 3% changed mobility in the comparison of lidar and ground-surveyed topography. In this riverscape, results suggest that an airborne bathymetric lidar can map channel topography with sufficient accuracy to support a numerical flow model. C1 [McKean, J.; Bohn, C.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Boise, ID USA. [Tonina, D.] Univ Idaho, Ctr Ecohydraul Res, Boise, ID USA. [Wright, C. W.] US Geol Survey, St Petersburg Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, St Petersburg, FL USA. RP McKean, J (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Boise, ID USA. EM jmckean@fs.fed.us RI Tonina, Daniele/I-7688-2012 OI Tonina, Daniele/0000-0002-1866-1013 FU US Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station FX We gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the US Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. Comments from reviewers significantly improved the manuscript. Data are available upon request from the senior author. NR 76 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 24 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9003 EI 2169-9011 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-EARTH JI J. Geophys. Res.-Earth Surf. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 119 IS 3 BP 644 EP 664 DI 10.1002/2013JF002897 PG 21 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA AE9WR UT WOS:000334362800014 ER PT J AU Stetina, SR Smith, JR Ray, JD AF Stetina, Salliana R. Smith, James R. Ray, Jeffery D. TI Identification of Rotylenchulus reniformis Resistant Glycine Lines SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Glycine; reniform nematode; resistance; Rotylenchulus reniformis; soybean ID SOYBEAN CULTIVARS; HOST SUITABILITY; HETERODERA-GLYCINES; UNITED-STATES; NEMATODE; REPRODUCTION; TESTS; PATHOGENICITY; REGISTRATION; POPULATIONS AB Identification of resistance to reniform nematode (Rotylenchulus reniformis) is the first step in developing resistant soybean (Glycine max) cultivars that will benefit growers in the mid-South region of the United States. This study was conducted to identify soybean (G. max and G. soja) lines with resistance to this pathogen. Sixty-one wild and domestic soybean lines were evaluated in replicated growth chamber tests. Six previously untested soybean lines with useful levels of resistance to reniform nematode were identified in both initial screening and subsequent confirmation tests: released germplasm lines DS4-SCN05 (PI 656647) and DS-880 (PI 659348); accession PI 567516 C; and breeding lines DS97-84-1, 02011-126-1-1-2-1 and 02011-126-1-1-5-1. Eleven previously untested moderately susceptible or susceptible lines were also identified: released germplasm lines D68-0099 (PI 573285) and LG015087-5; accessions PI 200538, PI 416937, PI 423941, PI 437697, PI 467312, PI 468916, PI 594692, and PI 603751 A; and cultivar Stafford (PI 508269). Results of previously tested lines evaluated in the current study agreed with published reports 69.6% of the time for resistant lines and 87.5% of the time for susceptible lines. Soybean breeders may benefit from incorporating the newly identified resistant lines into their breeding programs. C1 [Stetina, Salliana R.; Smith, James R.; Ray, Jeffery D.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Stetina, SR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, POB 345, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM Sally.Stetina@ars.usda.gov FU Mississippi Soybean Promotion Board; USDA ARS [6402-22000-005-00D, 6402-21220-010-00D] FX Mention of trade names or commercial products is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Financial support for this project was provided by the Mississippi Soybean Promotion Board and through USDA ARS funded projects 6402-22000-005-00D and 6402-21220-010-00D. NR 44 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 6 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 46 IS 1 BP 1 EP 7 PG 7 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AF1SF UT WOS:000334493000001 PM 24643425 ER PT J AU Kalia, V Sharma, G Shapiro-Ilan, DI Ganguly, S AF Kalia, Vinay Sharma, Garima Shapiro-Ilan, David I. Ganguly, Sudershan TI Biocontrol Potential of Steinernema thermophilum and Its Symbiont Xenorhabdus indica Against Lepidopteran Pests: Virulence to Egg and Larval Stages SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE entomopathogenic nematode; Helicoverpa armigera; ovicidal activity; Phase I and Phase II virulence; Spodoptera litura ID ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODES; ENTOMOGENOUS NEMATODES; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; BACTERIA; INFECTIVITY; RHABDITIDA; NOCTUIDAE; FELTIAE; SUSCEPTIBILITY; NEMATOPHILUS AB Under laboratory conditions, the biocontrol potential of Steinernema thermophilum was tested against eggs and larval stages of two important lepidopteran insect pests, Helicoverpa armigera and Spodoptera litura (polyphagous pests), as well as Galleria mellonella (used as a model host). In terms of host susceptibility of lepidopteran larvae to S. thermophilum, based on the LC50 36 hr after treatment, G. mellonella (LC50 = 16.28 IJ/larva) was found to be more susceptible than S. litura (LC50 = 85 IJ/larva), whereas neither host was found to be significantly different from H. armigera (LC50 = 54.68 IJ/larva). In addition to virulence to the larval stages, ovicidal activity up to 84% was observed at 200 IJ/50 and 100 eggs of H. armigera and S. litura, respectively. To our knowledge this is the first report of entomopathogenic nematode pathogenicity to lepidopteran eggs. Production of infective juvenile (IJ) nematodes/insect larva was also measured and found to be positively correlated with rate of IJ for H. armigera (r = 0.990), S. litura (r = 0.892), as well as G. mellonella (r = 0.834). Both Phase I and Phase II of symbiotic bacteria Xenorhabdus indica were tested separately against neonates of H. armigera and S. litura by feeding assays and found to be virulent to the target pests; phase variation did not affect the level of virulence. Thus S. thermophilum as well as the nematode's symbiotic bacteria applied separately have the potential to be developed as biocontrol agents for key lepidopteran pests. C1 [Kalia, Vinay; Sharma, Garima] Indian Agr Res Inst, Div Entomol, New Delhi 110012, India. [Shapiro-Ilan, David I.] USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. [Ganguly, Sudershan] Indian Agr Res Inst, Div Nematol, New Delhi 110012, India. RP Kalia, V (reprint author), Indian Agr Res Inst, Div Entomol, New Delhi 110012, India. EM vkalia@iari.res.in FU World Bank [IARI-70:13] FX The authors acknowledge World Bank-funded NAIP-ICAR project (IARI-70:13) for sponsoring this research project. We are grateful to Director, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, for providing infrastructure and facilities for carrying out these studies. NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 9 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 46 IS 1 BP 18 EP 26 PG 9 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AF1SF UT WOS:000334493000004 PM 24643472 ER PT J AU Shapiro-Ilan, DI Brown, I Lewis, EE AF Shapiro-Ilan, David I. Brown, Ian Lewis, Edwin E. TI Freezing and Desiccation Tolerance in Entomopathogenic Nematodes: Diversity and Correlation of Traits SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biocontrol; desiccation; entomopathogenic nematode; freezing; Heterorhabditis; Steinernema; tolerance ID GOLDENROD GALL FLY; COLD-TOLERANCE; HETERORHABDITIS-BACTERIOPHORA; ANTARCTIC NEMATODE; STEINERNEMA-FELTIAE; TREHALOSE ACCUMULATION; PANAGROLAIMUS-DAVIDI; EUROSTA-SOLIDAGINIS; BENEFICIAL TRAITS; HYBRIDIZATION AB The ability of entomopathogenic nematodes to tolerate environmental stress such as desiccating or freezing conditions, can contribute significantly to biocontrol efficacy. Thus, in selecting which nematode to use in a particular biocontrol program, it is important to be able to predict which strain or species to use in target areas where environmental stress is expected. Our objectives were to (i) compare inter-and intraspecific variation in freeze and desiccation tolerance among a broad array of entomopathogenic nematodes, and (ii) determine if freeze and desiccation tolerance are correlated. In laboratory studies we compared nematodes at two levels of relative humidity (RH) (97% and 85%) and exposure periods (24 and 48 h), and nematodes were exposed to freezing temperatures (-2 degrees C) for 6 or 24 h. To assess interspecific variation, we compared ten species including seven that are of current or recent commercial interest: Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (VS), H. floridensis, H. georgiana, (Kesha), H. indica (HOM1), H. megidis (UK211), Steinernema carpocapsae (All), S. feltiae (SN), S. glaseri (VS), S. rarum (17C&E), and S. riobrave (355). To assess intraspecific variation we compared five strains of H. bacteriophora (Baine, Fl1-1, Hb, Oswego, and VS) and four strains of S. carpocapsae (All, Cxrd, DD136, and Sal), and S. riobrave (355, 38b, 7-12, and TP). S. carpocapsae exhibited the highest level of desiccation tolerance among species followed by S. feltiae and S. rarum; the heterorhabditid species exhibited the least desiccation tolerance and S. riobrave and S. glaseri were intermediate. No intraspecific variation was observed in desiccation tolerance; S. carpocapsae strains showed higher tolerance than all H. bacteriophora or S. riobrave strains yet there was no difference detected within species. In interspecies comparisons, poor freeze tolerance was observed in H. indica, and S. glaseri, S. rarum, and S. riobrave whereas H. georgiana and S. feltiae exhibited the highest freeze tolerance, particularly in the 24-h exposure period. Unlike desiccation tolerance, substantial intraspecies variation in freeze tolerance was observed among H. bacteriophora and S. riobrave strains, yet within species variation was not detected among S. carpocapsae strains. Correlation analysis did not detect a relationship between freezing and desiccation tolerance. C1 [Shapiro-Ilan, David I.] USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. [Brown, Ian] Georgia Southwestern Univ, Dept Biol, Americus, GA USA. [Lewis, Edwin E.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol & Nematol, UC Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Shapiro-Ilan, DI (reprint author), USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. EM David.Shapiro@ars.usda.gov NR 39 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 33 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 46 IS 1 BP 27 EP 34 PG 8 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AF1SF UT WOS:000334493000005 PM 24643501 ER PT J AU Espirito-Santo, FDB Gloor, M Keller, M Malhi, Y Saatchi, S Nelson, B Oliveira, RC Pereira, C Lloyd, J Frolking, S Palace, M Shimabukuro, YE Duarte, V Mendoza, AM Lopez-Gonzalez, G Baker, TR Feldpausch, TR Brienen, RJW Asner, GP Boyd, DS Phillips, OL AF Espirito-Santo, Fernando D. B. Gloor, Manuel Keller, Michael Malhi, Yadvinder Saatchi, Sassan Nelson, Bruce Oliveira Junior, Raimundo C. Pereira, Cleuton Lloyd, Jon Frolking, Steve Palace, Michael Shimabukuro, Yosio E. Duarte, Valdete Mendoza, Abel Monteagudo Lopez-Gonzalez, Gabriela Baker, Tim R. Feldpausch, Ted R. Brienen, Roel J. W. Asner, Gregory P. Boyd, Doreen S. Phillips, Oliver L. TI Size and frequency of natural forest disturbances and the Amazon forest carbon balance SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID ABOVEGROUND LIVE BIOMASS; TROPICAL FORESTS; BRAZILIAN AMAZON; RAIN-FOREST; LARGE BLOWDOWNS; PLOTS; DYNAMICS; BASIN; STATE AB Forest inventory studies in the Amazon indicate a large terrestrial carbon sink. However, field plots may fail to represent forest mortality processes at landscape-scales of tropical forests. Here we characterize the frequency distribution of disturbance events in natural forests from 0.01 ha to 2,651 ha size throughout Amazonia using a novel combination of forest inventory, airborne lidar and satellite remote sensing data. We find that small-scale mortality events are responsible for aboveground biomass losses of similar to 1.7 Pg Cy-1 over the entire Amazon region. We also find that intermediate-scale disturbances account for losses of similar to 0.2 Pg Cy-1, and that the largest-scale disturbances as a result of blow-downs only account for losses of similar to 0.004 Pg Cy-1. Simulation of growth and mortality indicates that even when all carbon losses from intermediate and large-scale disturbances are considered, these are outweighed by the net biomass accumulation by tree growth, supporting the inference of an Amazon carbon sink. C1 [Espirito-Santo, Fernando D. B.; Saatchi, Sassan] CALTECH, NASA, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Espirito-Santo, Fernando D. B.; Keller, Michael; Frolking, Steve; Palace, Michael] Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Gloor, Manuel; Lloyd, Jon; Lopez-Gonzalez, Gabriela; Baker, Tim R.; Feldpausch, Ted R.; Brienen, Roel J. W.; Phillips, Oliver L.] Univ Leeds, Sch Geog, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Keller, Michael] USDA, Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, San Juan, PR 00926 USA. [Keller, Michael] EMBRAPA Monitoramento Satelite, BR-13070115 Campinas, SP, Brazil. [Malhi, Yadvinder] Univ Oxford, Sch Geog & Environm, Environm Change Inst, Oxford OX1 3QY, England. [Nelson, Bruce] Natl Inst Res Amazonia INPA, BR-69011970 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. [Oliveira Junior, Raimundo C.] EMBRAPA Amazonia Oriental CPATU, BR-68035110 Santarem, Para, Brazil. [Lloyd, Jon] James Cook Univ, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Ctr Trop Environm & Sustainabil Sci TESS, Cairns, Qld 4878, Australia. [Shimabukuro, Yosio E.; Duarte, Valdete] Natl Inst Space Res INPE, BR-12227010 Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, Brazil. [Mendoza, Abel Monteagudo] Jardin Bot Missouri, Oxapampa 19231, Pasco, Peru. [Asner, Gregory P.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Global Ecol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Boyd, Doreen S.] Univ Nottingham, Sch Geog, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England. RP Espirito-Santo, FDB (reprint author), CALTECH, NASA, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM f.delbon@gmail.com RI Asner, Gregory/G-9268-2013; Keller, Michael/A-8976-2012; Phillips, Oliver/A-1523-2011; Lloyd, Jonathan/F-8893-2010; Feldpausch, Ted/D-3436-2009; James Cook University, TESS/B-8171-2012; Espirito-Santo, Fernando/O-4371-2014 OI Asner, Gregory/0000-0001-7893-6421; Keller, Michael/0000-0002-0253-3359; Phillips, Oliver/0000-0002-8993-6168; Lloyd, Jonathan/0000-0002-5458-9960; Feldpausch, Ted/0000-0002-6631-7962; Espirito-Santo, Fernando/0000-0001-7497-3639 FU NASA Earth System Science Fellowship (NESSF) [NNX07AN84N]; NASA Terrestrial Ecology Program; CalTech Postdoctoral Fellowship at JPL; NERC [NE/F005806/1]; European Research Council; Brazilian Ministry of Science and Technology; National Institute for Research in Amazonia (INPA); Moore Foundation FX This research was supported by the NASA Earth System Science Fellowship (NESSF) Grant no. NNX07AN84N (F.D.B.E.-S. and M. K.), the NASA Terrestrial Ecology Program contribution to the Large Scale Biosphere-Atmosphere Experiment in the Amazon (LBA), CalTech Postdoctoral Fellowship at JPL (F.D.B.E.-S.), NERC consortia projects, AMAZONICA (NE/F005806/1, TROBIT) for support of RAINFOR and M. G., R.J.W.B., O.L.P., T. R. F., G. L-G., J.L. and Y.M., and two grants from the European Research Council (T-FORCES, O.L.P.; GEOCARBON, M. G., O.L.P. and Y.M. L.). We thank the Brazilian Ministry of Science and Technology for its support of the LBA program and the National Institute for Research in Amazonia (INPA) for implementation of this program. Development of the RAINFOR network including measurement of biomass dynamics has been supported by 34 different grants, especially the Moore Foundation. We thank the authorities in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru and Venezuela, and colleagues across the region for support. We are grateful to Dr Jeff Chambers who brought several of us together in an excellent meeting in 2006 at Tulane University where the idea for quantifying the disturbance spectrum was born. The Carnegie Airborne Observatory is made possible by Moore Foundation, the Grantham Foundation for the Protection of the Environment, the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, the Avatar Alliance Foundation, the W.M. Keck Foundation, the Margaret A. Cargill Foundation, Mary Anne Nyburg Baker and G. Leonard Baker Jr, and William R. Hearst III. NR 30 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 4 U2 62 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2041-1723 J9 NAT COMMUN JI Nat. Commun. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 5 AR 3434 DI 10.1038/ncomms4434 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AE9CA UT WOS:000334300400017 PM 24643258 ER PT J AU Nachman, RJ AF Nachman, Ronald J. TI Introduction: Invertebrate Neuropeptides XIV SO PEPTIDES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USDA, Insect Neuropeptide Lab, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Nachman, RJ (reprint author), USDA, Insect Neuropeptide Lab, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, 2881 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM nachman@tamu.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-9781 EI 1873-5169 J9 PEPTIDES JI Peptides PD MAR PY 2014 VL 53 BP 1 EP 2 DI 10.1016/j.peptides.2014.03.002 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA AF1XR UT WOS:000334507700001 PM 24731513 ER PT J AU Yu, N Swevers, L Nachman, RJ Smagghe, G AF Yu, Na Swevers, Luc Nachman, Ronald J. Smagghe, Guy TI Development of cell-based bioassay with Sf9 cells expressing TcSKR1 and TcSKR2 and differential activation by sulfated and non-sulfated SK peptides SO PEPTIDES LA English DT Article DE Sulfakinin; Sulfakinin receptor; G-protein-coupled receptor; Cell-based assay; G alpha s-protein ID RED FLOUR BEETLE; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; TRIBOLIUM-CASTANEUM; FOOD-INTAKE; SULFAKININ RECEPTOR; PROTEIN; SATIETY; CHOLECYSTOKININ; IDENTIFICATION; NEUROPEPTIDE AB Insect sulfakinin receptors (SKRs) are G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that interact with sulfakinins (SKs) to modulate diverse biological processes. One of the indispensable roles of SKs is in the regulation of food intake in insects. In this project we report on the development of a cell-based receptor assay system with insect Sf9 cells, expressing TcSKR1 and TcSKR2 from the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum, a model and important pest insect in agriculture. In this system, a stable presence of the two TcSKRs was supported by Western blotting. The expressed TcSKRs were coupled to Gas-protein upon activation and stimulated cAMP accumulation in Sf9 cells. Exposure of the transfected cell lines to sulfated SK ( sSK) activated TcSKR1 at 1 nM; the EC50 of sSK to obtain 50% of receptor activation was similar for both receptors. In contrast, p,M concentrations of non-sulfated SK were necessary to activate both TcSKRs. In conclusion, this cell-based TcSKR assay system is useful to screen SK-related peptides and mimetics and to better document ligand-receptor structure-activity relationships. Given the importance of SK signaling system in insects, the present study may provide new insights on the development of new methods to control pest insects. (c) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Yu, Na; Smagghe, Guy] Univ Ghent, Fac Biosci Engn, Dept Crop Protect, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Swevers, Luc] Demokritos Natl Ctr Sci Res, Inst Biosci & Applicat, GR-15310 Athens, Greece. [Nachman, Ronald J.] USDA, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Smagghe, G (reprint author), Univ Ghent, Fac Biosci Engn, Dept Crop Protect, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. EM guy.smagghe@ugent.be FU China Scholarship Council (CSC); Special Research Fund of Ghent University; U.S. Department of Agriculture; General Secretariat for Research and Technology, in Greece; Hellenic Republic Ministry of National Education and Religious Affairs, in Greece FX The authors NY, GS, RJN wish to acknowledge the financial support from the China Scholarship Council (CSC), the Special Research Fund of Ghent University, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture. LS acknowledges support from the General Secretariat for Research and Technology, Hellenic Republic Ministry of National Education and Religious Affairs, in Greece. NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 10 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-9781 EI 1873-5169 J9 PEPTIDES JI Peptides PD MAR PY 2014 VL 53 BP 238 EP 242 DI 10.1016/j.peptides.2014.01.025 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA AF1XR UT WOS:000334507700028 PM 24582608 ER PT J AU Jiang, HB Wei, ZJ Nachman, RJ Park, Y AF Jiang, Hongbo Wei, Zhaojun Nachman, Ronald J. Park, Yoonseong TI Molecular cloning and functional characterization of the diapause hormone receptor in the corn earworm Helicoverpa zea SO PEPTIDES LA English DT Article DE GPCR; Neuropeptide; Insect; Peptidomimetic ID BIOSYNTHESIS-ACTIVATING NEUROPEPTIDE; PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTORS; ORIENTAL TOBACCO BUDWORM; HELIOTHIS-VIRESCENS; ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE; PUPAL DIAPAUSE; PK/PBAN ANALOG; BOMBYX-MORI; IDENTIFICATION; PEPTIDES AB The diapause hormone (DH) in the heliothine moth has shown its activity in termination of pupal diapause, while the orthology in the silkworm is known to induce embryonic diapause. In the current study, we cloned the diapause hormone receptor from the corn earworm Helicoverpa zea (HzDHr) and tested its ligand specificities in a heterologous reporter system. HzDHr was expressed in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells, which were co-transfected with the aequorin reporter, and was used to measure the ligand activities. A total of 68 chemicals, including natural DH analogs and structurally similar peptide mimetics, were tested for agonistic and antagonistic activities. Several peptide mimetics with a 2-amino7-bromofluorene-succinoyl (2Abf-Suc) N-terminal modification showed strong agonistic activities; these mimetics included 2Abf-Suc-F[dA]PRLamide, 2Abf-Suc-F[dR]PRLamide, 2Abf-Suc-FKPRLamide and 2Abf-Suc-FGPRLamide. Antagonistic activity was found in the ecdysis triggering hormone in Drosophila melanogaster (FFLKITKNVPRLamide). Interestingly, HzDHr does not discriminate between DH (WFGPRLamide C-terminal motif) and another closely related endogenous peptide, pyrokinin 1 (FXPRXamide; a C-terminal motif that is separate from WFGPRLamide). We provide large-scale in vitro data that serve as a reference for the development of agonists and antagonists to disrupt the DH signaling pathway. (c) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Jiang, Hongbo; Wei, Zhaojun; Park, Yoonseong] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Nachman, Ronald J.] USDA, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, Areawide Pest Management Res, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Park, Y (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM ypark@ksu.edu OI Wei, Zhao-Jun/0000-0003-1729-209X FU US-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund (BARD) [IS-4205-09C]; USDA-NIFA [2011-67013-30199] FX We thank Dr. Ladislav Simo, Dong Hun Kim, and Joshua Urban for technical assistance. The research was supported in part by a US-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund (BARD) grant (IS-4205-09C) (RJN) as well as a USDA-NIFA grant no. 2011-67013-30199 (RJN). This paper is contribution no. 14-123-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 33 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-9781 EI 1873-5169 J9 PEPTIDES JI Peptides PD MAR PY 2014 VL 53 BP 243 EP 249 DI 10.1016/j.peptides.2013.11.005 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA AF1XR UT WOS:000334507700029 PM 24257143 ER PT J AU Zhang, C Houtman, CJ Zhu, JY AF Zhang, C. Houtman, C. J. Zhu, J. Y. TI Using low temperature to balance enzymatic saccharification and furan formation during SPORL pretreatment of Douglas-fir SO PROCESS BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Low temperature pretreatment; Enzymatic hydrolysis/saccharification; Sugar degradation/inhibitor formation; Kinetics; Combined severity/hydrolysis factor; Woody biomass ID CELLULOSIC ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; DILUTE-ACID HYDROLYSIS; LODGEPOLE PINE; OVERCOME RECALCITRANCE; SULFITE PRETREATMENT; SEVERITY PARAMETER; ENERGY EFFICIENCY; BIOCONVERSION; FERMENTATION; BIOMASS AB Comparing analytical results for Sulfite Pretreatment to Overcome the Recalcitrance of Lignocelluloses (SPORL) of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) at two different temperatures shows that the apparent activation energy of sugar degradation is higher than that of hemicellulose hydrolysis, approximately 161 kJ/mole versus 100 kJ/mole. Thus, one can balance the production of degradation products against hemicellulose hydrolysis and therefore the enzymatic saccharification efficiency of the resultant substrate by changing pretreatment temperature and duration. Specifically, pretreatment at 165 degrees C for 75 min significantly reduced furan formation compared with the pretreatment at 180 degrees C for 30 min while maintaining the same pretreatment severity and therefore the same substrate enzymatic digestibility (SED). Obtaining high SED with Douglas-fir is also limited by lignin content. Fortunately, the bisulfite in SPORL provides delignification activity. By combining kinetic models for hemicelluloses hydrolysis, sugar degradation, and delignification, the performance of pretreatment can be optimized with respect to temperature, duration, acid, and bisulfite loading. The kinetic approach taken in this study is effective to design viable low temperature pretreatment processes for effective bioconversion of lignocelluloses. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Zhang, C.] Chinese Acad Sci, Dalian Inst Chem Phys, Dalian Natl Lab Clean Energy, Dalian, Peoples R China. [Zhang, C.; Houtman, C. J.; Zhu, J. Y.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Zhu, JY (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. EM jzhu@fs.fed.us FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) [2011-68005-30416]; USDA NIFA; Chinese Scholarship Council FX This work, as part of the Northwest Advanced Renewables Alliance (NARA), was funded by the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2011-68005-30416 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA). We would also like to acknowledge Novozymes North America for their constant support by complementary providing cellulase enzymes. We would also like to thank Fred Matt of USDA Forest Products Laboratory for conducting detailed substrate chemical composition analysis. We also would like to acknowledge the feedstock group of NARA, led by Gevan Marrs of Weyerhaeuser NR Company, for collecting, drying, and shipping of the Douglas-fir wood chips. The financial support from USDA NIFA and the Chinese Scholarship Council made the visiting appointment of Zhang at the USDA Forest Products Laboratory possible. NR 30 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1359-5113 EI 1873-3298 J9 PROCESS BIOCHEM JI Process Biochem. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 49 IS 3 BP 466 EP 473 DI 10.1016/j.procbio.2013.12.017 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering, Chemical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering GA AF1OD UT WOS:000334482300016 ER PT J AU Parks, SA Dillon, GK Miller, C AF Parks, Sean A. Dillon, Gregory K. Miller, Carol TI A New Metric for Quantifying Burn Severity: The Relativized Burn Ratio SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE dNBR; RdNBR; RBR; burn severity ID FIRE SEVERITY; WILDLAND FIRE; WESTERN US; LANDSAT TM; INDEXES; FOREST; FUEL; ECOSYSTEMS; VEGETATION; WILDFIRE AB Satellite-inferred burn severity data have become increasingly popular over the last decade for management and research purposes. These data typically quantify spectral change between pre-and post-fire satellite images (usually Landsat). There is an active debate regarding which of the two main equations, the delta normalized burn ratio (dNBR) and its relativized form (RdNBR), is most suitable for quantifying burn severity; each has its critics. In this study, we propose and evaluate a new Landsat-based burn severity metric, the relativized burn ratio (RBR), that provides an alternative to dNBR and RdNBR. For 18 fires in the western US, we compared the performance of RBR to both dNBR and RdNBR by evaluating the agreement of these metrics with field-based burn severity measurements. Specifically, we evaluated (1) the correspondence between each metric and a continuous measure of burn severity (the composite burn index) and (2) the overall accuracy of each metric when classifying into discrete burn severity classes (i.e., unchanged, low, moderate, and high). Results indicate that RBR corresponds better to field-based measurements (average R-2 among 18 fires = 0.786) than both dNBR (R-2 = 0.761) and RdNBR (R-2 = 0.766). Furthermore, the overall classification accuracy achieved with RBR (average among 18 fires = 70.5%) was higher than both dNBR (68.4%) and RdNBR (69.2%). Consequently, we recommend RBR as a robust alternative to both dNBR and RdNBR for measuring and classifying burn severity. C1 [Parks, Sean A.; Miller, Carol] USDA Forest Serv, Aldo Leopold Wilderness Res Inst, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. [Dillon, Gregory K.] USDA Forest Serv, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. RP Parks, SA (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Aldo Leopold Wilderness Res Inst, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 790 East Beckwith, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. EM sean_parks@fs.fed.us; gdillon@fs.fed.us; cmiller04@fs.fed.us FU National Fire Plan; USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station FX We acknowledge National Fire Plan funding from the USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. We thank L. Holsinger for creating the burn severity grids for the Miller Fire and all individuals and organizations cited in Table 1 for sharing their CBI field data. We appreciate the comments and suggestions from three anonymous reviewers that helped to improve the manuscript. NR 30 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 17 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-4292 J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL JI Remote Sens. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 6 IS 3 BP 1827 EP 1844 DI 10.3390/rs6031827 PG 18 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA AF6AO UT WOS:000334797000004 ER PT J AU Xiao, X Heitman, JL Sauer, TJ Ren, T Horton, R AF Xiao, X. Heitman, J. L. Sauer, T. J. Ren, T. Horton, R. TI Sensible Heat Balance Measurements of Soil Water Evaporation beneath a Maize Canopy SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE DOY; day of the year; HP; heat pulse; I; interrow position; IE; interrow position with roots excluded; R; row position; SHB; sensible heat balance ID ENERGY; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; TRANSPIRATION; RATIO; FIELD; DYNAMICS; VINEYARD; PROBE; TIME; CROP AB Soil water evaporation is an important component of the water budget in cropped fields; few methods are available for continuous and independent measurement. A sensible heat balance (SHB) approach has been demonstrated for continuously determining soil water evaporation under bare surface conditions. Applicability of SHB measurements beneath a crop canopy cover has not been evaluated. We tested SHB using heat-pulse sensors to estimate evaporation beneath a full maize (Zea mays L.) canopy. We also implemented a modified SHB approach incorporating below-canopy net radiation, which extended the range of conditions under which SHB is applicable. Evaporation was measured at three positions: row (R), interrow (I), and interrow with roots excluded (IE). Evaporation rates were generally small, averaging < 0.7 mm d(-1) across all dates, positions, and measurement methods during the drying period. The SHB evaporation estimates varied among R, I, and IE, with cumulative totals of 4.4, 7.4, and 7.9 mm, respectively, during a 12-d drying period. Lower soil water contents from plant water uptake reduced evaporation rates at R more appreciably with time than at the other positions; I and IE provided similar evaporation patterns. The SHB evaporation estimates at R and I were compared with microlysimeter data on 8 d. Correlation between approaches was modest (r(2) = 0.61) but significant (p < 0.001) when compared separately at R and I positions. Correlation was improved (r(2) = 0.81) when evaporation estimates were combined across positions, with differences between SHB and microlysimeters typically within the range of values obtained from microlysimeter replicates. Overall, the results suggest good potential for using SHB and modified SHB approaches to determine soil water evaporation in a cropped field. The SHB approach allowed continuous daily estimates of evaporation, separate from evapotranspiration and without destructive sampling. C1 [Xiao, X.; Heitman, J. L.] N Carolina State Univ, Soil Sci Dep, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Sauer, T. J.] USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Ren, T.] China Agr Univ, Soil & Water Dep, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. [Horton, R.] Iowa State Univ, Agron Dep, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Heitman, JL (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Soil Sci Dep, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM jlheitman@ncsu.edu RI Xiao, Xinhua/F-4285-2014 OI Xiao, Xinhua/0000-0002-0629-4391 FU U.S. National Science Foundation [0809656, 1215864]; Hatch Act, State of North Carolina; State of Iowa funds FX Funding support was provided by the U.S. National Science Foundation through Awards 0809656 and 1215864 and Hatch Act, State of North Carolina, and State of Iowa funds. NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 27 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 EI 1435-0661 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 78 IS 2 BP 361 EP 368 DI 10.2136/sssaj2013.08.0371 PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA AE9TY UT WOS:000334354400003 ER PT J AU Goldberg, S AF Goldberg, Sabine TI Macroscopic Experimental and Modeling Evaluation of Selenite and Selenate Adsorption Mechanisms on Gibbsite SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE MCL; maximum contaminent level; PZC; point of zero charge ID ALUMINA ELECTROLYTE INTERFACE; ELECTRICAL DOUBLE-LAYER; COMPETITIVE ADSORPTION; SORPTION; SOILS; GAMMA-AL2O3; GOETHITE; SULFATE; OXIDES; DESORPTION AB Selenite Se(IV) and selenate Se(VI) adsorption behavior was investigated on gibbsite as a function of solution pH and solution ionic strength. Adsorption of both Se redox states decreased with increasing solution pH. Electrophoretic mobility measurements showed downward shifts in point of zero charge (PZC) indicative of the formation of inner-sphere Se(IV) and Se(VI) surface complexes. However, the downward shift was less than for strongly adsorbing anions such as phosphate and arsenate, suggesting that outer-sphere surface complexes are also present. The triple layer model, a chemical surface complexation model, was well able to describe Se(IV) and Se(VI) adsorption as a function of solution pH and solution ionic strength by simultaneously optimizing both inner-sphere and outer-sphere surface complexation constants. Direct spectroscopic investigations of selenite surface configuration are needed to corroborate the species suggested by the macroscopic experiments and obtained from the triple layer model optimizations. C1 USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Goldberg, S (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, 450 W Big Springs Rd, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM sabine.goldberg@ars.usda.gov NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 21 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 EI 1435-0661 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 78 IS 2 BP 473 EP 479 DI 10.2136/sssaj2013.06.0249 PG 7 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA AE9TY UT WOS:000334354400014 ER PT J AU Goldberg, S Suarez, DL AF Goldberg, Sabine Suarez, Donald L. TI A New Soil Test for Quantitative Measurement of Available and Adsorbed Boron SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE DTPA; diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid; ICP-OES; inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry; IOC; inorganic carbon; OC; organic carbon ID TOXICITY; GROWTH; WATER AB Boron soil tests currently in use, do not extract all available B but are used by relating the extractable amount of B to plant B content. There is a need to accurately measure all available or adsorbed B because B can be toxic to plants at elevated concentrations and can cause marked yield decrements. Determination of the adsorbed B pool in the soil is also required for evaluation of the extent of leaching needed when B levels in soil solution are excessive, as well as for modeling studies regarding B transport in soils. Sugar alcohols form strong bonds between their cis-diol groups and B and are therefore, ideal for use as extractants for soil B. We evaluated the extraction performance of various sugar alcohols: sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol, and varying soil/solution ratios (1-1000 g L-1) and reaction times (1-48 h). We selected sorbitol as the extractant, utilizing a soil/solution ratio of 100 g L-1, and reaction time of 24 h. This soil test was able to provide quantitative recovery of B added to a diverse set of seven soils from California, Iowa, and Oklahoma. Results from the new B soil test can be used to quantify adsorbed B and thus provide needed input to both chemical speciation-transport models such as UNSATCHEM to obtain accurate predictions of B transport and partitioning in soils, as well as allowing for improved management of waters and soils high in B. C1 [Goldberg, Sabine; Suarez, Donald L.] USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Goldberg, S (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, 450 W Big Springs Rd, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM Sabine.Goldberg@ars.usda.gov NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 19 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 EI 1435-0661 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 78 IS 2 BP 480 EP 485 DI 10.2136/sssaj2013.09.0404 PG 6 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA AE9TY UT WOS:000334354400015 ER PT J AU Blecker, SW Stillings, LL DeCrappeo, NM Ippolito, JA AF Blecker, S. W. Stillings, L. L. DeCrappeo, N. M. Ippolito, J. A. TI Soil-Plant-Microbial Relations in Hydrothermally Altered Soils of Northern California SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ANPP; aboveground net primary productivity; AWCD; average well color development; EC; electrical conductivity; FAME; fatty-acid methyl ester; PC; principal component; PCA; principal component analysis; PLFA; phospholipid fatty acid; SQI; soil quality Indices; TOC; total organic C; VNP; Volcano National Park ID GREAT-BASIN; ARCTOSTAPHYLOS-PATULA; QUALITY INDEXES; WATER RELATIONS; PINUS-JEFFREYI; USE EFFICIENCY; COMMUNITIES; SIERRAN; CARBON; MINERALIZATION AB Soils developed on relict hydrothermally altered soils throughout the Western USA present unique opportunities to study the role of geology on above and belowground biotic activity and composition. Soil and vegetation samples were taken at three unaltered andesite and three hydrothermally altered (acid-sulfate) sites located in and around Lassen VolcanicNational Park in northeastern California. In addition, three different types of disturbed areas (clearcut, thinned, and pipeline) were sampled in acid-sulfate altered sites. Soils were sampled (0-15 cm) in mid-summer 2010 from both under-canopy and between-canopy areas within each of the sites. Soils were analyzed for numerous physical and chemical properties along with soil enzyme assays, C and N mineralization potential, microbial biomass-C and C-substrate utilization. Field vegetation measurements consisted of canopy cover by life form (tree, shrub, forb, and grass), tree and shrub density, and aboveground net primary productivity of the understory. Overall, parameters at the clearcut sites were more similar to the unaltered sites, while parameters at the thinned and pipeline sites were more similar to the altered sites. We employed principal components analysis (PCA) to develop two soil quality indices (SQI) to help quantify the differences among the sites: one based on the correlation between soil parameters and canopy cover, and the second based on six sub-indices. Soil quality indices developed in these systems could provide a means for monitoring and identifying key relations between the vegetation, soils, and microorganisms. C1 [Blecker, S. W.; Stillings, L. L.] US Geol Survey, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [DeCrappeo, N. M.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Ippolito, J. A.] USDA ARS, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. RP Ippolito, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, 3793N 3600E, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. EM jim.ippolito@ars.usda.gov FU United States Geological Survey FX Thanks to Lassen Volcanic National Park. This project was funded by the United States Geological Survey. Any use of trade names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 21 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 EI 1435-0661 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 78 IS 2 BP 509 EP 519 DI 10.2136/sssaj2013.07.0298 PG 11 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA AE9TY UT WOS:000334354400018 ER PT J AU Dangi, SR Tirado-Corbala, R Cabrera, JA Wang, D Gerik, J AF Dangi, Sadikshya R. Tirado-Corbala, Rebecca Cabrera, J. Alfonso Wang, Dong Gerik, James TI Soil Biotic and Abiotic Responses to Dimethyl Disulfide Spot Drip Fumigation in Established Grape Vines SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE AMF; arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; CP; chloropicrin; DMDS; dimethyl; disulfide; DOC; dissolved organic carbon; EC; emulsifiable concentration; HSD; Honestly significant difference; MeBr; methyl bromide; MS; metam sodium; MITC; methyl isothiocyanate; PLFA; phospholipid fatty acid; TC; total carbon; TN; total nitrogen; WHC; water holding capacity. ID MICROBIAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; FATTY-ACID PATTERNS; ALTERNATIVE FUMIGANTS; MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; METHYL-BROMIDE; BIOMASS; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDES; PHOSPHOLIPIDS; DIVERSITY; BACTERIAL AB Dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) is a soil fumigant used in agricultural systems as an alternative to methyl bromide (MeBr) for the control of soilborne pests and pathogens. However, fumigants including DMDS that have broad biocidal activity can affect both target and non-target organisms in soil. This study focused on the effects of DMDS on the recovery of ecologically important microbial communities and soil abiotic factors while affecting plant parasitic nematodes in both field and microplot trials. Phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis was used to characterize changes in microbial community structure over time. Total amount of PLFA as well as all major non-target soil microbial groups such as Gram positive bacteria, Gram negative bacteria, fungi, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), and actinomycetes decreased significantly 15 d after fumigation in the untreated control as well as in all the rates of DMDS tested in a microplot trial. Fumigation had little effect on microbial biomass but at some time points some treatments did affect microbial community structure. Canonical multivariate analysis of variance indicated that soil microbial communities 45, 60, and 90 d after fumigation were similar to one another compared with 15 d after fumigation. The research showed that reduction and changes in microbial community biomass and structure were mainly due to environmental factors and therefore, it is concluded that DMDS fumigation did not impact the activity of beneficial microorganisms. Total N, C, and other abiotic factors were also not affected by DMDS fumigation. Plant parasitic nematodes were greatly affected by DMDS fumigation and this interaction could be related to its mode of action which affects nematode mitochondrial activity. C1 [Dangi, Sadikshya R.; Tirado-Corbala, Rebecca; Cabrera, J. Alfonso; Wang, Dong; Gerik, James] USDA ARS, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Dangi, Sadikshya R.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Dangi, SR (reprint author), USDA ARS, 9611 S Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM Sadikshya.dangi@ars.usda.gov FU Pacific Area-Wide Pest Management program for Integrated Methyl Bromide Alternatives FX The authors acknowledge Stella Zambruzusky, Patricia Mungur, Matthew Gonzales, and Don Tucker for assistance with field and lab work. Also, the cooperation of Dr. Peter D. Stahl and Soil Ecology Laboratory at the University of Wyoming for Gas chromatography analysis was greatly appreciated. We also acknowledge the funding assistance provided by the Pacific Area-Wide Pest Management program for Integrated Methyl Bromide Alternatives to conduct this research. NR 45 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 28 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 EI 1435-0661 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 78 IS 2 BP 520 EP 530 DI 10.2136/sssaj2013.08.0324 PG 11 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA AE9TY UT WOS:000334354400019 ER PT J AU Nguyen, BT Koide, RT Dell, C Drohan, P Skinner, H Adler, PR Nord, A AF Nguyen, Binh T. Koide, Roger T. Dell, Curtis Drohan, Patrick Skinner, Howard Adler, Paul R. Nord, Andrea TI Turnover of Soil Carbon following Addition of Switchgrass-Derived Biochar to Four Soils SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE MRT; mean residence time; SOC; soil organic carbon; SOM; soil organic matter ID BLACK CARBON; CHARCOAL; STABILITY; MINERALIZATION; PYROLYSIS; MANURE AB Amending soils with biochar can sequester C and improve soil properties, such as nutrient holding capacity and water retention. While biochars generally have a long residence time in soil, the turnover of biochar C can be influenced by both biochar characteristics and soil properties. Biochar can also potentially alter the rate of decomposition of native soil organic matter (SOM). The turnover of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.)-derived biochar C was evaluated in the laboratory using soil from four marginally productive sites in central Pennsylvania. Carbon dioxide emissions from unamended soil, biochar-amended soil, and pure biochar were monitored during 189-d incubations, and data were fit to a two-pool exponential model to estimate the amount and mean residence time (MRT) of C in labile and stable pools. Carbon-13 signatures of emitted CO2 were also determined to estimate the proportion of emitted CO2 derived from the biochar. Mixing biochar with each of the soils reduced the apparent MRT of C in both labile and stable pools, but the magnitude of change depended on the soil. Overall, the biochar was largely stable in each soil, with only 1.1 to 2.1% of the added biochar C emitted during incubation. There was no measurable effect of biochar amendment on the turnover of native SOM in any of the soils. Therefore, we conclude that amendment of our soils with switchgrass-derived biochar can effectively increase net C sequestration. C1 [Nguyen, Binh T.; Drohan, Patrick; Nord, Andrea] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Koide, Roger T.] Brigham Young Univ, Dep Biol, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Dell, Curtis; Skinner, Howard; Adler, Paul R.] USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Dell, C (reprint author), USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, Bldg 3702,Curtin Rd, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM curtis.dell@ars.usda.gov FU USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture's Sustainable Bioenergy Research Program [2011-67009-20072]; Brigham Young University; Penn State Univ.; USDA-ARS FX We acknowledge support from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture's Sustainable Bioenergy Research Program, no. 2011-67009-20072, and from Brigham Young University, Penn State Univ., and the USDA-ARS. Many thanks are given to the staff at the USDA-ARS Pasture Systems and Watershed Management Research Unit and to Matthew Peoples for their valuable assistance. NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 49 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 EI 1435-0661 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 78 IS 2 BP 531 EP 537 DI 10.2136/sssaj2013.07.0258 PG 7 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA AE9TY UT WOS:000334354400020 ER PT J AU Hartley, PE Presley, DR Ransom, MD Hettiarachchi, GM West, LT AF Hartley, Paul E. Presley, Deann R. Ransom, Michel D. Hettiarachchi, Ganga M. West, Larry T. TI Vertisols and Vertic Properties of Soils of the Cherokee Prairies of Kansas SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE COLE; coefficient of linear extensibility; MLRA; Major Land Resource Area; XRD; X-ray diffraction. ID GENESIS; HORIZONS; TEXAS AB Soils in the Kansas Cherokee Prairies have formed in various parent materials and exhibit differences in the degree of expression of vertic properties. Despite large clay contents, few soils meet the criteria for a Vertisol. In an effort to investigate the cause of these differences, pedogenic processes, primarily clay illuviation and shrink-swell processes, were evaluated in eight pedons. Relatively high coefficient of linear extensibility (COLE) values were found in all soils. The clay mineralogy of four sites was dominated by smectite, but only two of those sites classified as Vertisols. In the other four sites, smectite was the most common clay mineral, yet there were several other clay minerals present in significant quantities. Disruption of illuvial clay features by shrink-swell movement was evident in the thin sections of all soils. Striated b-fabrics dominated except in surface soils that exhibited a small COLE value and occurred above an argillic horizon. Linear planes lined with stress-oriented clay and representing zones of shear failure were observed, along with argillans that had been distorted and embedded within the matrix by swelling pressure and soil movement. In conclusion, when present, a nonexpansive silty surface layer acts as a buffer and may limit shrink-swell by allowing expansive subsoils to dry more slowly. C1 [Hartley, Paul E.] Kansas Livestock Assoc Environm Serv Inc, Scott City, KS 67871 USA. [Presley, Deann R.; Ransom, Michel D.; Hettiarachchi, Ganga M.] Kansas State Univ, Dep Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [West, Larry T.] USDA NRCS, Natl Soil Survey Ctr, Lincoln, NE 68508 USA. RP Presley, DR (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dep Agron, 2004 Throckmorton Plant Sci Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM deann@ksu.edu RI Hettiarachchi, Ganga/F-6895-2015 OI Hettiarachchi, Ganga/0000-0002-6669-2885 NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 19 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 EI 1435-0661 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 78 IS 2 BP 556 EP 566 PG 11 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA AE9TY UT WOS:000334354400023 ER PT J AU Williams, JD Wuest, SB AF Williams, John D. Wuest, Stewart B. TI Soil Water Dynamics in Continuous Winter Wheat in the Semiarid Pacific Northwest, USA SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE NT; no-till; PNW; Pacific Northwest; RR; crop residue removed before tillage and then returned to the soil surface after tillage; SF; summer fallow; SOC; soil organic carbon; TI; crop residue incorporated with tillage; WW; winter wheat ID RESIDUE MANAGEMENT; CROPPING SYSTEMS; GRAIN-YIELD; NO-TILL; FALLOW; STORAGE; OREGON AB In semiarid climates, efficient precipitation capture and storage are necessary for successful small grain production.This is especially true in Mediterranean climates dependent on winter precipitation occurring before the most active growth and grain development stages of winter wheat (WW, Triticum aestivum L.).The effects of residue cover and tillage on soil water under annual WW were investigated at Pendleton, OR, on a Walla Walla silt loam soil, (coarse-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Haploxerolls).These effects were investigated using three treatments in annually cropped WW, (i.e., no fallow year), consisting of no-till (NT), crop residue incorporated with tillage (TI), and crop residue removed before tillage and then returned to the soil surface after tillage (RR).Field data showed that ground cover from crop residue resulted in more soil water from December 24 through May 20 in the driest crop year, 2005, of the 3-yr experiment, but no differences in the two relatively wet crop years 2004 and 2006.The mean soil water in a 105-cm profile when treatment differences occurred were as follows; NT = 187 mm, RR = 168 mm, and TI = 155 mm.The differences were relatively small, however, with NT 31.7 mm more than TI and 19.2 mm more than RR, and RR 12.5 mm more than TI.During normal years these differences could be expected to diminish.This research indicates that tillage practices in the Pacific Northwest have small effect where the land surface is essentially level, but ground cover can play an important role during exceptionally dry years on precipitation capture and storage. C1 [Williams, John D.; Wuest, Stewart B.] USDA ARS, Columbia Plateau Conserv Res Ctr, Pendleton, OR 97801 USA. RP Williams, JD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Columbia Plateau Conserv Res Ctr, POB 370, Pendleton, OR 97801 USA. EM john.williams@ars.usda.gov FU USDA Agricultural Research Service national program Climate Change, Soils, and Emissions (NP) [212] FX We thank Tami Johlke, Dave Robertson, Hanxue Qui, and Scott Oviatt for the field work conducted, and Dr.'s Sara Duke and John Sulik for statistical consultations. We also appreciate the substantial suggestions made by two anonymous reviewers, with which this effort was greatly improved. This research funded by USDA Agricultural Research Service national program Climate Change, Soils, and Emissions (NP#212). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 16 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 EI 1435-0661 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 78 IS 2 BP 571 EP 578 DI 10.2136/sssaj2013.09.0414 PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA AE9TY UT WOS:000334354400025 ER PT J AU Wang, B Zhang, GH Zhang, XC Li, ZW Su, ZL Yi, T Shi, YY AF Wang, Bing Zhang, Guang-Hui Zhang, X. C. Li, Zhen-Wei Su, Zi-Long Yi, Ting Shi, Yang-Yang TI Effects of Near Soil Surface Characteristics on Soil Detachment by Overland Flow in a Natural Succession Grassland SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENT LAND USES; LOESS PLATEAU; CONCENTRATED FLOW; SHALLOW FLOW; PLANT-ROOTS; GULLY EROSION; CHINA; RESISTANCE; VEGETATION; WATER AB Vegetation restoration probably has great effects on the process of soil detachment. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of near soil surface characteristics on soil detachment by overland flow in a 7-yr restored natural grassland. Four treatments were designed to characterize the effects of dead roots, live roots, biological soil crusts (BSCs), and plant litter-stems in succession. For comparison, an undisturbed bare Loess soil was used as a baseline. The testing area (1.0 m in length and 0.1 m in width) of each treatment was subjected to flow scouring under five different shear stresses ranging from 6 to 13 Pa. The results showed that near soil surface properties of plant litter-stem, BSCs, and plant roots enhanced the resistance of soil to water detachment significantly. With these factors subsequently superimposed, soil detachment capacity decreased progressively. Taken together, the 7-yr restored natural grassland would decrease soil detachment capacity by 98.9% compared with the bare Loess soil, in which plant litter-stem, BSCs, and total roots contributed to 30.3, 14.9, and 53.7%, respectively. Furthermore, for the total root effects, chemical bonding of root exudates accounted for 14.7% while physical binding of root systems accounted for 39.0%. Results also indicated that BSCs were unable to protect the soil from detachment when the shear stress was greater than 11 Pa, and tended to accelerate soil erosion. This paper developed an equation for adjusting WEPP's rill erodibility for use in natural succession grassland in the Loess Plateau of China, and the result seemed satisfactory with the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) coefficients ranging from 0.28 to 0.77. Further studies are needed to detect the dynamics of near soil surface characteristics with succession age of grassland in the Loess Plateau. C1 [Wang, Bing; Zhang, Guang-Hui; Li, Zhen-Wei] Northwest A&F Univ, Inst Soil & Water Conservat, State Key Lab Soil Eros & Dryland Farming Loess P, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Wang, Bing; Zhang, Guang-Hui; Su, Zi-Long; Yi, Ting] Beijing Normal Univ, Sch Geog, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Zhang, X. C.] USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. [Shi, Yang-Yang] Shanxi Architectural Coll, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, Peoples R China. RP Zhang, GH (reprint author), Northwest A&F Univ, Inst Soil & Water Conservat, State Key Lab Soil Eros & Dryland Farming Loess P, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM ghzhang@bnu.edu.cn FU Hundred Talents Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China [41271287, 41301295]; State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau [K318009902-1313] FX Financial assistance for this work was provided by the Hundred Talents Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China (41271287 and 41301295), and the Open Fund from State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau (K318009902-1313). The authors thank the members of the Ansai Research Station of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Recourses for their technical assistance. NR 38 TC 12 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 32 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 EI 1435-0661 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 78 IS 2 BP 589 EP 597 DI 10.2136/sssaj2013.09.0392 PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA AE9TY UT WOS:000334354400027 ER PT J AU Kurth, VJ D'Amato, AW Palik, BJ Bradford, JB AF Kurth, Valerie J. D'Amato, Anthony W. Palik, Brian J. Bradford, John B. TI Fifteen-Year Patterns of Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Following Biomass Harvesting SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID LOBLOLLY-PINE PLANTATION; FOREST FLOOR REMOVAL; ORGANIC-MATTER; BOREAL FOREST; WHOLE-TREE; EARTHWORM INVASION; TEMPERATE FORESTS; UNITED-STATES; LAND-USE; PRODUCTIVITY AB The substitution of forest-derived woody biofuels for fossil fuel energy has garnered increasing attention in recent years, but information regarding the mid- and long-term effects on soil productivity is limited. We investigated 15-yr temporal trends in forest floor and mineral soil (0-30 cm) C and N pools in response to organic matter removal treatments (OMR; stem-only harvest, SOH; whole-tree harvest, WTH; and whole-tree plus forest floor removal, FFR) at three edaphically distinct aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx. and P. grandidentata Michx.) forests in the Great Lakes region. The OMR and temporal effects were generally site specific, and both were most evident in the forest floor and combined profile (mineral soil and forest floor) compared with the mineral soil alone. Forest floor and combined profile C and N pools were generally similar in the SOH and WTH treatments, suggesting that slash retention has little impact on soil C and N in this time frame. Temporal changes in C and N at one of the three sites were consistent with patterns documented following exotic earthworm invasion, but mineral soil pools at the other two sites were stable over time. Power analyses demonstrated that significant effects were more likely to be detected for temporal differences than the effects of OMR and in the combined profile than in the mineral soil. Our findings are consistent with previous work demonstrating that OMR effects on soil C and N pools are site specific and more apparent in the forest floor than the mineral soil. C1 [Kurth, Valerie J.; D'Amato, Anthony W.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Palik, Brian J.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. [Bradford, John B.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Kurth, VJ (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, 1530 Cleveland Ave N, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM vjkurth@umn.edu RI Bradford, John/E-5545-2011 FU Northern Research Station and Region 9 of the U.S. Forest Service, USDA Biomass Research Development Initiative Grant [2009-10006-05948]; Legislative-Citizen's Commission on Minnesota Resources FX We thank John Elioff for managing sample collection throughout the course of this study, Josh Kragthorpe for running and rerunning the analytical analyses, and Rob Slesak for helpful discussions about the data. Funding was provided by the Northern Research Station and Region 9 of the U.S. Forest Service, USDA Biomass Research Development Initiative Grant 2009-10006-05948, and the Legislative-Citizen's Commission on Minnesota Resources. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 68 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 25 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 EI 1435-0661 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 78 IS 2 BP 624 EP 633 DI 10.2136/sssaj2013.08.0360 PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA AE9TY UT WOS:000334354400030 ER PT J AU Thompson, C Sweitzer, R Gabriel, M Purcell, K Barrett, R Poppenga, R AF Thompson, Craig Sweitzer, Richard Gabriel, Mourad Purcell, Kathryn Barrett, Reginald Poppenga, Robert TI Impacts of Rodenticide and Insecticide Toxicants from Marijuana Cultivation Sites on Fisher Survival Rates in the Sierra National Forest, California SO CONSERVATION LETTERS LA English DT Letter DE pesticide; survival; fisher; marijuana; Anticoagulant rodenticide; Pekania pennanti ID ANTICOAGULANT RODENTICIDES; MARTES-PENNANTI; SELECTIVE PREDATION; VULPES-VULPES; PESTICIDES; EXPOSURE; WILDLIFE; INTOXICATION; POPULATION; THERMOREGULATION AB Secondary exposure of wildlife to pesticides has been well documented, yet exposure is typically associated with agricultural or wildland-urban interface areas. Wildlife in undeveloped areas is generally presumed free from risk. In 2009, a male fisher was found dead in the Sierra National Forest and subsequent necropsy revealed that the animal died of acute rodenticide poisoning. Follow-up testing revealed that 85% of fisher carcasses recovered by two research projects in the previous three years tested positive for rodenticides. Concern arose that exposure could predispose an animal to mortality from other causes, and that the underlying role of toxicants would escape notice. Further investigation indicated that the most likely source was the numerous illegal marijuana cultivation sites currently found on public lands throughout the western United States. To determine whether the presence of cultivation sites predisposed fishers to mortality from other sources, we related survival rates to the presence and number of cultivation sites found within that animal's home range over the past 10 years. Likelihood of exposure was related to the presence of cultivation sites, and female fisher survival was influenced by the number of cultivation sites within its home range. We discuss the conservation implications of this unexpected relationship. C1 [Thompson, Craig; Purcell, Kathryn] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Fresno, CA 93710 USA. [Sweitzer, Richard] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sierra Nevada Adapt Management Program, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Gabriel, Mourad] Integral Ecol Res Ctr, Blue Lake, CA USA. [Barrett, Reginald] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Poppenga, Robert] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Thompson, C (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, 2081 E Sierra Av, Fresno, CA 93710 USA. EM cthompson@fs.fed.us RI Purcell, Kathryn/S-2592-2016 NR 79 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 36 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1755-263X J9 CONSERV LETT JI Conserv. Lett. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 7 IS 2 BP 91 EP 102 DI 10.1111/conl.12038 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA AE7GG UT WOS:000334164400003 ER PT J AU Butler, BJ Markowski-Lindsay, M Snyder, S Catanzaro, P Kittredge, DB Andreiczyk, K Dickinson, BJ Eryilmaz, D Hewes, JH Ler, PR Ladle, D Kilgore, MA AF Butler, Brett J. Markowski-Lindsay, Marla Snyder, Stephanie Catanzaro, Paul Kittredge, David B. Andreiczyk, Kyle Dickinson, Brenton J. Eryilmaz, Derya Hewes, Jaketon H. Ler, Paula Rand Ladle, Donna Kilgore, Michael A. TI Effectiveness of Landowner Assistance Activities: An Examination of the USDA Forest Service's Forest Stewardship Program SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE program evaluation; nonindustrial private forest owners; family forest owners; forest management plan; US landowner assistance ID WEST-VIRGINIA AB The USDA Forest Service's Forest Stewardship Program (FSP) is the nation's most prominent private forestry assistance program. We examined the FSP using a multiple analytic approach: analysis of annual FSP accomplishments, survey of state FSP coordinators, analytic comparison of family forest owners receiving and not receiving forestry practice assistance, and focus groups with family forest owners. We found the FSP reaches a small fraction of eligible landowners; states use FSP funds to address local private forestland issues; landowners obtaining assistance commonly associated with the FSP (e.g., management plans) differ from others in sociodemographics, ownership objectives, and land management actions but not in terms of intent to sell/subdivide forestland; and traditional FSP activities are not influencing inactive family forest owners to become active managers. We believe current practices (e.g., state-level flexibility) help the FSP reach its goals, alternative assistance-related efforts may increase the reach of the FSP and support strategic goals, and data collection improvements may enrich future FSP evaluations. C1 [Butler, Brett J.; Snyder, Stephanie; Ler, Paula Rand] USDA Forest Service, Washington, DC USA. [Markowski-Lindsay, Marla; Catanzaro, Paul; Kittredge, David B.; Andreiczyk, Kyle; Dickinson, Brenton J.; Hewes, Jaketon H.] Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Eryilmaz, Derya; Kilgore, Michael A.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Ladle, Donna] Univ Massachusetts Amherst, USDA Forest Serv, Amherst, MA USA. RP Butler, BJ (reprint author), USDA Forest Service, Washington, DC USA. EM bbutler01@fs.fed.us; marla@eco.umass.edu; stephaniesnyder@fs.fed.us; cat@umext.umass.edu; dbk@eco.umass.edu; kandrejc@gmail.com; brenton.dickinson@gmail.com; eryi1001@umn.edu; hewes@eco.umass.edu; pbrandler@fs.fed.us; dtadle@ymail.com; mkilgore@umn.edu FU USDA Forest Service, State and Private Forestry, Cooperative Forestry program [12-CS-11242305-061, 12-CS-11242305-062] FX This project was funded with a grant from the USDA Forest Service, State and Private Forestry, Cooperative Forestry program (grant numbers: 12-CS-11242305-061 and 12-CS-11242305-062). We would like to thank Karl Dalla Rosa for entrusting us with this important project, the state and regional FSP coordinators for their participation in the survey, and the landowners who participated in the focus groups. We also thank reviewers Karl Dalla Rosa, Jeff Kline, Evan Mercer, and John Stanovick for their invaluable insights, edits, and comments. Any errors or omissions are the responsibility of the authors. NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 7 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 EI 1938-3746 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 112 IS 2 BP 187 EP 197 DI 10.5849/jof.13-066 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AF2QG UT WOS:000334556100002 ER PT J AU Emery, MR Wrobel, A Hansen, MH Dockry, M Moser, WK Stark, KJ Gilbert, JH AF Emery, Marla R. Wrobel, Alexandra Hansen, Mark H. Dockry, Michael Moser, W. Keith Stark, Kekek Jason Gilbert, Jonathan H. TI Using Traditional Ecological Knowledge as a Basis for Targeted Forest Inventories: Paper Birch (Betula papyrifera) in the US Great Lakes Region SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE traditional ecological knowledge; Betula papyrifera; nontimber forest products; forest inventory and monitoring; American Indians ID MANAGEMENT; CHALLENGES AB Traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) has been proposed as a basis for enhanced understanding of ecological systems and their management. TEK also can contribute to targeted inventories of resources not included in standard mensuration. We discuss the results of a cooperative effort between the Great Lakes Indian Fish and Wildlife Commission (GLIFWC) and USDA Forest Service's Forest Inventory and Analysis Program (FIA). At the urging of member tribes, GLIFWC staff worked with tribal gatherers to document TEK regarding desired characteristics of birch bark for traditional uses and translated this into an inventory field guide. The guide was provided to FIA, which incorporated the methods into its field manual and trained inventory crews in implementation of the protocol. Birch bark data were collected during three field seasons from 2004 to 2006. Results show birch bark supply has declined. Lessons learned from this multiyear, multistage project provide a model for future targeted inventory efforts. C1 [Emery, Marla R.; Hansen, Mark H.; Dockry, Michael; Moser, W. Keith] USDA Forest Serv, Burlington, VT 05403 USA. [Wrobel, Alexandra; Stark, Kekek Jason; Gilbert, Jonathan H.] Great Lakes Indian Fish & Wildlife Commiss, Odanah, WI USA. RP Emery, MR (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Burlington, VT 05403 USA. EM memoy@fs.fed.us; awrobel@glifwc.org; mhhansen@fsi.fecl.us; mdockiy@fsi.fed.us; wkmoser@fs.fed.us; jstark@glifwc.org; gilbert@glifwc.org NR 37 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 5 U2 22 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 EI 1938-3746 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 112 IS 2 BP 207 EP 214 DI 10.5849/jof.13-023 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AF2QG UT WOS:000334556100004 ER PT J AU Fazio, G Wan, YZ Kviklys, D Romero, L Adams, R Strickland, D Robinson, T AF Fazio, Gennaro Wan, Yizhen Kviklys, Dariusz Romero, Leticia Adams, Richard Strickland, David Robinson, Terence TI Dw2, a New Dwarfing Locus in Apple Rootstocks and Its Relationship to Induction of Early Bearing in Apple Scions SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE gene interaction; precocity; single-nucleotide polymorphism; SNP; tree architecture; QTL mapping; yield efficiency ID MALUS-X-DOMESTICA; FIRE BLIGHT RESISTANCE; MARKER-ASSISTED SELECTION; GENE-EXPRESSION PATTERNS; GALA APPLE; TREE ARCHITECTURE; GROWTH; PERFORMANCE; FRUIT; GENOME AB The ability of certain apple rootstocks to dwarf their scions has been known for centuries and their use revolutionized apple (Mains xdomestica) production systems. In this investigation, several apple rootstock breeding populations, planted in multiple replicated field and pot experiments, were used to ascertain the degree of dwarfing when grafted with multiple scions. A previous genetic map of a breeding population derived from parents 'Ottawa 3' (O.3) and 'Robusta 5' (R5) was used for quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis of traits related to scion vigor suppression, induction of early bearing, and other tree size measurements on own-rooted and grafted trees. The analysis confirmed a previously reported QTL that imparts vigor control [Dw1, log of odds (LOD) = 7.2] on linkage group (LG) 5 and a new QTL named Dw2 (LOD = 6.4) on LG11 that has a similar effect on vigor. The data from this population were used to study the interaction of these two loci. To validate these findings, a new genetic map comprised of 1841 single-nucleotide polymorphisms was constructed from a cross of the dwarfing, precocious rootstocks 'Geneva 935' (G.935) and 'Budagovsky 9' (B.9), resulting in the confirmation and modeling of the effect of Dw1 and Dw2 on vigor control of apple scions. Flower density and fruit yield data allowed the identification of genetic factors Eb1 (LOD = 7.1) and Eb2 (LOD = 7.6) that cause early bearing of scions, roughly colocated with the dwarfing factors. The major QTL for mean number of fruit produced per tree colocated with Dw2 (LOD = 7.0) and a minor QTL was located on LG16 (LOD = 3.5). These findings will aid the deveLODment of a marker-assisted breeding strategy, and the discovery of additional sources for dwarfing and predictive modeling of new apple rootstocks in the Geneva (R) apple rootstock breeding program. C1 [Fazio, Gennaro] USDA ARS, Plant Genet Resources Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Wan, Yizhen] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Hort, Apple Res Ctr, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Kviklys, Dariusz] Lithuanian Inst Hort, Babtai, Lithuania. [Romero, Leticia] Fac Ciencias Agrotecnol, Chihuahua, Mexico. [Adams, Richard] Willow Drive Nursery, Ephrata, WA 98823 USA. [Strickland, David] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Robinson, Terence] Cornell Univ, NYSAES, Dept Hort, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. RP Fazio, G (reprint author), USDA ARS, Plant Genet Resources Unit, 630 W North St, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. EM gennaro.fazio@ars.usda.gov NR 78 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 6 U2 29 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0003-1062 EI 2327-9788 J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 139 IS 2 BP 87 EP 98 PG 12 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA AE7AE UT WOS:000334148300001 ER PT J AU Beaulieu, JC Stein-Chisholm, RE Boykin, DL AF Beaulieu, John C. Stein-Chisholm, Rebecca E. Boykin, Deborah L. TI Qualitative Analysis of Volatiles in Rabbiteye Blueberry Cultivars at Various Maturities Using Rapid Solid-phase Microextraction SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE alcohol; aldehyde; aroma; terpenoid; Vaccinium sp. ID VACCINIUM-ASHEI READE; FRUIT; CANTALOUPE; HEALTH; IDENTIFICATION; CONSTITUENTS; CUCUMBERS; HIGHBUSH; AROMA; JUICE AB There are very few studies detailing the aroma, astringency, and flavor of rabbiteye blueberry [RAB (Vaccinium ashei)] fruit typically grown in the southeastern United States. The objectives were to investigate the rapid and qualitative solid-phase microextraction gas chromatographic mass spectrometry volatile composition of several local RAB cultivars with an overall goal to build a database of possible flavor and aroma compounds. Volatile profiles were obtained in five Louisiana-grown RAB cultivars (Brightwell, Climax, Premier, Powder Blue, and Tifblue) assayed at four maturities. The method routinely captured 53 volatiles, including 12 aldehydes, six alcohols, 11 esters, four ketones, 17 terpenoids, one furan, and two aromatics. Of the 33 compounds considered important in blueberries, 17 were recovered in the RAB cultivars assessed. Herein, 10 compounds were recovered for the first time in blueberry (Vaccinium sp.) and five of those compounds were confirmed with standards [2-ethylfuran, (E)-2-pentenal, (Z)-dehydroxylinalool oxide, (E)-dehydroxylinalool oxide and 1,4-cineole]. In general, terpenoids and their subclass linalools were the most significant volatiles followed closely by esters, aldehydes, and then alcohols. Terpenoids and linalools displayed the greatest significant differences in 'Powder Blue' and 'Premier'. Esters and aldehydes were the most significant compound classes based on cultivar effect per maturity in firm-ripe fruit. From the suite of 17 of the 33 important compounds in upright blueberry, 10 were recovered across the five cultivars at four maturities that displayed a high level of significance. These were linalool, methyl 3-methylbutanoate, 1,8-cineole, (E)-2-hexanal, (Z)-3-hexenal, (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate, limonene, hexyl acetate, hexanal, and alpha-terpineol. These data will be useful to evaluate aroma volatiles in RAB and changes in processed and value-added byproducts. C1 [Beaulieu, John C.; Stein-Chisholm, Rebecca E.] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Boykin, Deborah L.] USDA ARS, Jamie Whitten Delta States Res Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Beaulieu, JC (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM John.Beaulieu@ars.usda.gov OI Beaulieu, John/0000-0001-7767-5901 NR 50 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0003-1062 EI 2327-9788 J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 139 IS 2 BP 167 EP 177 PG 11 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA AE7AE UT WOS:000334148300009 ER PT J AU Aranda, L Porch, TG Bassett, MJ Lara, L Cregan, PB AF Aranda, Luwbia Porch, Timothy G. Bassett, Mark J. Lara, Laura Cregan, Perry B. TI Genetics and Mapping of the Cl Gene for Circumlineated Pattern in Common Bean Using AFLP-based Bulk Segregant Analysis and SNP-based Bidirectional Selective Genotyping SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Phaseolus vulgaris; seedcoat color; seedcoat pattern ID SEED-COAT PATTERN; COLOR; ALLELISM; MARKERS AB Circumlineatus (cl) in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is identified by a precipitation line in the seedcoat at the boundary of the white and colored zones. Cl is recessive and is expressed in partly colored seedcoats (t) with restricted patterns such as virgarcus. In this study, amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers, and the common bean genome sequence were used in combination with bulk segregant analysis and bidirectional selective genotyping to identify the genetic location of Cl. Markers were identified that cosegregated with Cl using Cl/Cl and cl/cl F-3 and F-5 progeny bulks from the cross t z cl G b v virgarcus BC3 5-593 x t z(sel) Cl G b v sellatus BC3 5-593. Two bands from an AFLP primer combination, which yielded unambiguous polymorphisms between the bulks, were cloned and sequenced. The two sequences were used to interrogate the common bean whole genome sequence identifying a region also found through cosegregation analysis using bidirectional selective genotyping with SNPs. Thus, the Cl gene was localized on Pv09 using cosegregating AFLP and SNP markers, and the physical location was confirmed with the whole genome sequence. C1 [Aranda, Luwbia] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Crop & Agroenvironm Sci, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA. [Porch, Timothy G.; Lara, Laura] USDA ARS, Trop Agr Res Stn, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. [Bassett, Mark J.] Univ Florida, Dept Hort Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Cregan, Perry B.] USDA ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr West Beltsville, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Porch, TG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Trop Agr Res Stn, 2200 PA Campos Ave,Suite 201, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. EM Timothy.Porch@ars.usda.gov NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0003-1062 EI 2327-9788 J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 139 IS 2 BP 213 EP 218 PG 6 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA AE7AE UT WOS:000334148300013 ER PT J AU Boza, EJ Motamayor, JC Amores, FM Cedeno-Amador, S Tondo, CL Livingstone, DS Schnell, RJ Gutierrez, OA AF Boza, Edward J. Motamayor, Juan Carlos Amores, Freddy M. Cedeno-Amador, Sergio Tondo, Cecile L. Livingstone, Donald S., III Schnell, Raymond J. Gutierrez, Osman A. TI Genetic Characterization of the Cacao Cultivar CCN 51: Its Impact and Significance on Global Cacao Improvement and Production SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cacao breeding; genetic groups; genetic identity; population structure; SSR; Theobroma cacao ID MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; THEOBROMA-CACAO; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; L.; CHLOROPLAST; DIVERSITY; SEQUENCE; DIFFERENTIATION; MITOCHONDRIAL AB Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) is an important cash crop in tropical growing regions of the world and particularly for small cacao farmers. Over the past two decades, 'CCN 51' has become one of the most planted cultivars in Ecuador, mainly as a result of its high productivity and disease resistance. Intermixing of Nacional fine flavor Ecuadorian beans with beans of 'CCN 51' has become common practice, reducing overall bean quality and decreasing value. The primary goals of this study were to determine the genetic identity, structure, and allelic richness of 'CCN 51', its maternal origin and to compare 'CCN 51's' agronomic characteristics against a composite group of Nacional cultivars. To investigate the complex genetic background of this cultivar, 70 simple sequence repeat loci were used. The high heterozygosity observed (56 of 70 loci) for 'CCN 51' is not characteristic of traditional Nacional cultivars. Comparison of agronomic characteristics between 'CCN 51' and several Nacional cultivars indicates significant differences in cacao dry bean weight, yield potential, production efficiency, percent healthy pods, and witches' broom [Moniliophthora perniciosa (Stahel) Aime & Phillips-Mora] disease incidence. Additionally, physical, chemical, and organoleptic characteristics suggest that 'CCN 51' is different from those of Nacional lineage. Based on population structure analysis, the predominant ancestries for 'CCN 51' are Iquitos (45.4%), Criollo (22.2%), and Amelonado (21.5%) genetic groups. A lesser proportion of its genome was accounted for by genetic groups Contamana (3.9%), Purns (2.5%), Maranon (2.1%), and Nacional (1.1%) admixtures. Results of phylogenetic analyses using the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean yielding high bootstrap values strongly support the relatedness of 'CCN 51' with Iquitos, Criollo, and Amelonado genetic groups. Moreover, seven mitochondrial simple sequence repeat loci revealed that 'CCN 51' maternally inherited the 'IMC 67' cytotype. 'CCN 51' constitutes a valuable cacao genetic resource that is currently used not only in its country of origin, but also in many other national breeding and selection programs worldwide. C1 [Boza, Edward J.; Motamayor, Juan Carlos; Tondo, Cecile L.; Livingstone, Donald S., III; Schnell, Raymond J.; Gutierrez, Osman A.] USDA ARS, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, Miami, FL 33158 USA. [Motamayor, Juan Carlos; Livingstone, Donald S., III; Schnell, Raymond J.] MARS Inc, Elizabethtown, PA 17022 USA. [Amores, Freddy M.] INIAP, Estn Expt Trop Pichilingue, Quevedo, Ecuador. [Cedeno-Amador, Sergio] Hacienda Canas, Guayaquil, Ecuador. RP Gutierrez, OA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, 13601 Old Cutler Rd, Miami, FL 33158 USA. EM osman.gutierrez@ars.usda.gov FU MARS, Inc. [58-6631-6-123]; USDA-ARS-SHRS, Miami, FL, cacao program FX We thank MARS, Inc., for funding Trust Agreement #58-6631-6-123: Genetic Improvement of Theobroma cacao and the USDA-ARS-SHRS, Miami, FL, cacao program for their partial financial support. We also thank the EET Pichilingue, Ecuador, for support and assistance in the field work and statistical analysis. We are also grateful to Drs. Jose Chaparro, Tomas Ayala-Silva, Brian M. Irish, and Seth D. Findley for their constructive comments and suggestions on the manuscript as well as Kathleen Cariaga for her technical assistance. Finally, we are thankful to Dr. Cristian Melo for providing H. Castro's unpublished technical reports. NR 55 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 23 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0003-1062 EI 2327-9788 J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 139 IS 2 BP 219 EP 229 PG 11 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA AE7AE UT WOS:000334148300014 ER PT J AU Swaggerty, CL Pevzner, IY Kogut, MH AF Swaggerty, Christina L. Pevzner, Igal Y. Kogut, Michael H. TI Selection for pro-inflammatory mediators yields chickens with increased resistance against Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE broiler; pro-inflammatory; resistance; Salmonella; selection ID MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; COMMERCIAL BROILER-CHICKENS; INNATE IMMUNE RESPONSIVENESS; CYTOKINE GENE-EXPRESSION; SYSTEMIC SALMONELLOSIS; SUSCEPTIBLE CHICKENS; DISEASE RESISTANCE; CARRIER STATE; HETEROPHILS; INFECTION AB Salmonella is a leading cause of foodborne illness and can be transmitted through consumption of contaminated poultry; therefore, increasing a flock's natural resistance to Salmonella could improve food safety. Previously, we characterized the heterophil-mediated innate immune response of 2 parental broiler lines and F-1 reciprocal crosses and showed that increased heterophil function and expression of pro-inflammatory mediators corresponds with increased resistance against diverse pathogens. A preliminary selection trial showed that individual sires had varying inherent levels of pro-inflammatory mediators and selection based on a high or low phenotype was passed onto progeny. Based on these results, we hypothesized selection of broilers for higher levels of the pro-inflammatory mediators IL-6, CXCLi2, and CCLi2 would produce progeny with increased resistance against Salmonella Enteritidis. Peripheral blood leukocytes were isolated from 75 commercial broiler sires, screened, and 10 naturally high and low expressing sires were selected and mated to randomly selected dams to produce the first generation of "high" and "low" progeny. The mRNA expression of CXCLi2 and CCLi2 were significantly (P <= 0.02) higher in the high progeny and were more resistant to liver and spleen organ invasion by Salmonella Enteritidis compared with low progeny. Production of the second generation yielded progeny that had differences (P <= 0.03) in all 3 mediators and further improved resistance against Salmonella Enteritidis. Feed conversion ratio and percent breast meat yield were calculated and were equal, whereas the high birds weighed slightly, but significantly, less than the low birds. These data clearly demonstrate that selection based on a higher phenotype of key pro-inflammatory mediators is a novel means to produce broilers that are naturally more resistant to Salmonella, one of the most important foodborne pathogens affecting the poultry industry. C1 [Swaggerty, Christina L.; Kogut, Michael H.] USDA ARS, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Pevzner, Igal Y.] Cobb Vantress Inc, Siloam Springs, AR 72761 USA. RP Swaggerty, CL (reprint author), USDA ARS, 2881 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM christi.swaggerty@ars.usda.gov NR 47 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 12 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0032-5791 EI 1525-3171 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 93 IS 3 BP 535 EP 544 DI 10.3382/ps.2013-03559 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AE5SR UT WOS:000334049700005 PM 24604845 ER PT J AU Haunshi, S Cheng, HH AF Haunshi, Santosh Cheng, Hans H. TI Differential expression of Toll-like receptor pathway genes in chicken embryo fibroblasts from chickens resistant and susceptible to Marek's disease SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Marek's disease; resistance; Toll-like receptor; cytokine ID VIRUS-INFECTION; RESPONSES; TISSUES; BROILER; SPLEEN; LINES; RNA AB The Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway is one of the innate immune defense mechanisms against pathogens in vertebrates and invertebrates. However, the role of TLR in non-MHC genetic resistance or susceptibility to Marek's disease (MD) in the chicken is yet to be elucidated. Chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) cells from MD susceptible and resistant lines were infected either with Marek's disease virus (MDV) or treated with polyionosinic-polycytidylic acid, a synthetic analog of dsRNA, and the expression of TLR and pro-inflammatory cytokines was studied at 8 and 36 h posttreatment by quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR. Findings of the present study reveal that MDV infection and polyionosinic-polycytidylic acid treatment significantly elevated the mRNA expression of TLR3, IL6, and IL8 in both susceptible and resistant lines. Furthermore, basal expression levels in uninfected CEF for TLR3, TLR7, and IL8 genes were significantly higher in resistant chickens compared with those of susceptible chickens. Our results suggest that TLR3 together with pro-inflammatory cytokines may play a significant role in genetic resistance to MD. C1 [Haunshi, Santosh] Directorate Poultry Res, Hyderabad 500030, Andhra Pradesh, India. [Cheng, Hans H.] USDA ARS, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. RP Cheng, HH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, 3606 E Mt Hope Rd, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. EM hans.cheng@ars.usda.gov FU Department of Biotechnology (government of India) Department of Biotechnology Cutting-edge Research Enhancement and Scientific Training fellowship award FX S. Haunshi was supported by the Department of Biotechnology (government of India) Department of Biotechnology Cutting-edge Research Enhancement and Scientific Training fellowship award and sabbatical leave by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi. We are also grateful to Evin Hildebrandt, Michigan State University, East Lansing, for her help in cell culture and growing virus stock, and Laurie Molitor, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, East Lansing, MI, for her technical assistance. NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0032-5791 EI 1525-3171 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 93 IS 3 BP 550 EP 555 DI 10.3382/ps.2013-03597 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AE5SR UT WOS:000334049700007 PM 24604847 ER PT J AU Gast, RK Guraya, R Jones, DR Anderson, KE AF Gast, Richard K. Guraya, Rupa Jones, Deana R. Anderson, Kenneth E. TI Contamination of eggs by Salmonella Enteritidis in experimentally infected laying hens housed in conventional or enriched cages SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Salmonella Enteritidis; chicken; egg; conventional cage; enriched cage ID ENTERICA SEROTYPE ENTERITIDIS; DIFFERENT HOUSING SYSTEMS; NATIONAL CONTROL PROGRAM; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS; PHAGE TYPE-4; REPRODUCTIVE-TRACT; LAYER FARMS; HORIZONTAL TRANSMISSION; OBLIGATORY VACCINATION AB Both epidemiologic analyses and active disease surveillance confirm an ongoing strong association between human salmonellosis and the prevalence of Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Enteritidis in commercial egg flocks. The majority of human illnesses caused by this pathogen are attributed to the consumption of contaminated eggs. Animal welfare concerns have increasingly influenced commercial poultry production practices in recent years, but the food safety implications of different housing systems for egg-laying hens are not definitively understood. The present study assessed the effects of 2 different housing systems (conventional cages and colony cages enriched with perching and nesting areas) on the frequency of Salmonella Enteritidis contamination inside eggs laid by experimentally infected laying hens. In each of 2 trials, groups of laying hens housed in each cage system were orally inoculated with doses of 1.0 x 10(8) cfu of Salmonella Enteritidis. All eggs laid between 5 and 25 d postinoculation were collected and cultured to detect internal contamination with Salmonella Enteritidis. For both trials combined, Salmonella Enteritidis was recovered from 3.97% of eggs laid by hens in conventional cages and 3.58% of eggs laid by hens in enriched cages. No significant differences (P > 0.05) in the frequency of egg contamination were observed between the 2 housing systems. C1 [Gast, Richard K.; Guraya, Rupa; Jones, Deana R.] ARS, Egg Safety & Qual Res Unit, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Anderson, Kenneth E.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Gast, RK (reprint author), ARS, Egg Safety & Qual Res Unit, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM Richard.Gast@ars.usda.gov NR 60 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 13 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0032-5791 EI 1525-3171 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 93 IS 3 BP 728 EP 733 DI 10.3382/ps.2013-3641 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AE5SR UT WOS:000334049700028 PM 24604868 ER PT J AU Brockerhoff, EG Kimberley, M Liebhold, AM Haack, RA Cavey, JF AF Brockerhoff, Eckehard G. Kimberley, Mark Liebhold, Andrew M. Haack, Robert A. Cavey, Joseph F. TI Predicting how altering propagule pressure changes establishment rates of biological invaders across species pools SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE arrival rate; biological invasions; Cerambycidae; forest insects; interception; modeling; prediction; Scolytinae; trade ID INTERNATIONAL-TRADE; UNITED-STATES; EXOTIC BARK; NEW-ZEALAND; INVASIONS; INTERCEPTIONS; COLEOPTERA; WORLDWIDE; SUCCESS; THREAT AB Biological invasions resulting from international trade can cause major environmental and economic impacts. Propagule pressure is perhaps the most important factor influencing establishment, although actual arrival rates of species are rarely recorded. Furthermore, the pool of potential invaders includes many species that vary in their arrival rate and establishment potential. Therefore, we stress that it is essential to consider the size and composition of species pools arriving from source regions when estimating probabilities of establishment and effects of pathway infestation rates. To address this, we developed a novel framework and modeling approach to enable prediction of future establishments in relation to changes in arrival rate across entire species pools. We utilized 13828 border interception records from the United States and New Zealand for 444 true bark beetle (Scolytinae) and longhorned beetle (Cerambycidae) species detected between 1949 and 2008 as proxies for arrival rates to model the relationship between arrival and establishment rates. Nonlinearity in this relationship implies that measures intended to reduce the unintended transport of potential invaders (such as phytosanitary treatments) must be highly effective in order to substantially reduce the rate of future invasions, particularly if trade volumes continue to increase. C1 [Brockerhoff, Eckehard G.] Scion, Christchurch 8540, New Zealand. [Kimberley, Mark] Scion, Rotorua 3046, New Zealand. [Liebhold, Andrew M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Haack, Robert A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Cavey, Joseph F.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Riverdale, MD 20737 USA. RP Brockerhoff, EG (reprint author), Scion, POB 29237, Christchurch 8540, New Zealand. EM eckehard.brockerhoff@scionresearch.com RI Brockerhoff, Eckehard/C-1528-2009 OI Brockerhoff, Eckehard/0000-0002-5962-3208 FU New Zealand government via the "Better Border Biosecurity" collaboration; National Science Foundation [EF-0553768]; University of California-Santa Barbara; State of California FX We thank L. Garrett, R. Young, J. Bain, M. Knizek, S. Lingafelter, C. Painting, and R. Rabaglia for accessing and reviewing interception and establishment records; J. Aukema, F. Lowenstein, A. Nuding, and M. Springborn for stimulating discussions, and B. Leung, J. Turner, and three anonymous reviewers for comments on the manuscript. E. Brockerhoff, M. Kimberley, and A. Liebhold designed the study, E. Brockerhoff, A. Liebhold, R. Haack, and J. Cavey collected data, M. Kimberley and E. Brockeroff analyzed and interpreted the data, and all authors contributed to the writing. Partial funding was provided by the New Zealand government via the "Better Border Biosecurity" collaboration. This work was conducted as a part of Working Group 12289 of the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, a center funded by the National Science Foundation (Grant #EF-0553768), the University of California-Santa Barbara, and the State of California. NR 26 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 5 U2 45 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0012-9658 EI 1939-9170 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD MAR PY 2014 VL 95 IS 3 BP 594 EP 601 DI 10.1890/13-0465.1 PG 8 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AC8ZH UT WOS:000332823100002 PM 24804438 ER PT J AU Arkle, RS Pilliod, DS Hanser, SE Brooks, ML Chambers, JC Grace, JB Knutson, KC Pyke, DA Welty, JL Wirth, TA AF Arkle, Robert S. Pilliod, David S. Hanser, Steven E. Brooks, Matthew L. Chambers, Jeanne C. Grace, James B. Knutson, Kevin C. Pyke, David A. Welty, Justin L. Wirth, Troy A. TI Quantifying restoration effectiveness using multi-scale habitat models: implications for sage-grouse in the Great Basin SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Artemisia tridentata; Centrocercus urophasianus; Greater Sage-Grouse; habitat management guideline; landscape; occupancy model; rangeland restoration; sagebrush; western USA; wildfire ID WYOMING BIG SAGEBRUSH; BROMUS-TECTORUM; NESTING HABITAT; NORTH-AMERICA; CONSERVATION; USA; POPULATIONS; ECOSYSTEMS; MANAGEMENT; SELECTION AB A recurrent challenge in the conservation of wide-ranging, imperiled species is understanding which habitats to protect and whether we are capable of restoring degraded landscapes. For Greater Sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus), a species of conservation concern in the western United States, we approached this problem by developing multi-scale empirical models of occupancy in 211 randomly located plots within a 40 million ha portion of the species' range. We then used these models to predict sage-grouse habitat quality at 826 plots associated with 101 post-wildfire seeding projects implemented from 1990 to 2003. We also compared conditions at restoration sites to published habitat guidelines. Sage-grouse occupancy was positively related to plot- and landscape-level dwarf sagebrush (Artemisia arbuscula, A. nova, A. tripartita) and big sagebrush steppe prevalence, and negatively associated with non-native plants and human development. The predicted probability of sage-grouse occupancy at treated plots was low on average (0.09) and not substantially different from burned areas that had not been treated. Restoration sites with quality habitat tended to occur at higher elevation locations with low annual temperatures, high spring precipitation, and high plant diversity. Of 313 plots seeded after fire, none met all sagebrush guidelines for breeding habitats, but approximately 50% met understory guidelines, particularly for perennial grasses. This pattern was similar for summer habitat. Less than 2% of treated plots met winter habitat guidelines. Restoration actions did not increase the probability of burned areas meeting most guideline criteria. The probability of meeting guidelines was influenced by a latitudinal gradient, climate, and topography. Our results suggest that sage-grouse are relatively unlikely to use many burned areas within 20 years of fire, regardless of treatment. Understory habitat conditions are more likely to be adequate than overstory conditions, but in most climates, establishing forbs and reducing cheatgrass dominance is unlikely. Reestablishing sagebrush cover will require more than 20 years using past restoration methods. Given current fire frequencies and restoration capabilities, protection of landscapes containing a mix of dwarf sagebrush and big sagebrush steppe, minimal human development, and low non-native plant cover may provide the best opportunity for conservation of sage-grouse habitats. C1 [Arkle, Robert S.; Pilliod, David S.; Hanser, Steven E.; Welty, Justin L.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Boise, ID 83706 USA. [Brooks, Matthew L.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Oakhurst, CA 93644 USA. [Chambers, Jeanne C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Reno, NV 89512 USA. [Grace, James B.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA. [Knutson, Kevin C.; Pyke, David A.; Wirth, Troy A.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Arkle, RS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, 970 Lusk St, Boise, ID 83706 USA. EM rarkle@usgs.gov OI Hanser, Steven/0000-0002-4430-2073 FU Joint Fire Science Program [09-S-02-1]; U.S. Geological Survey project "Environmental Correlates of Greater Sage-Grouse''; U.S. Geological Survey Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center FX Funding was provided by the Joint Fire Science Program (project ID 09-S-02-1), the U.S. Geological Survey project "Environmental Correlates of Greater Sage-Grouse'', and the U.S. Geological Survey Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center. Numerous field assistants helped collect these data. We thank Steven T. Knick, Daniel J. Manier, and anonymous reviewers for providing helpful comments on earlier versions of this manuscript. Any use of trade names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 73 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 8 U2 66 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD MAR PY 2014 VL 5 IS 3 AR 31 DI 10.1890/ES13-00278.1 PG 32 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AE2IX UT WOS:000333797600008 ER PT J AU Hanberry, BB Kabrick, JM He, HS AF Hanberry, Brice B. Kabrick, John M. He, Hong S. TI Changing tree composition by life history strategy in a grassland-forest landscape SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE fire; fire suppression; functional; historical forests; land use; regime shift ID EASTERN UNITED-STATES; NORTH-AMERICA; SPECIES COMPOSITION; NEW-ENGLAND; DYNAMICS; FIRE; CLASSIFICATION; VEGETATION; USA; DISTRIBUTIONS AB After rapid deforestation in the eastern United States, which generally occurred during the period of 1850-1920, forests did not return to historical composition and structure. We examined forest compositional change and then considered how historical land use and current land use may influence forests in a grassland-forest landscape, the Missouri Plains, where frequent surface fire was the historical land use and intensive agricultural is the current land use. We compared composition, distribution, and environmental relationships during historical (1813-1860) and current (2004-2008) forest surveys. We also examined changing composition of life history strategies of (1) stress tolerators based on fire tolerance, (2) colonizers based on shade intolerance, and (3) competitors based on shade tolerance. Open forest ecosystems of fire-tolerant oaks have been replaced by forests of fire-sensitive species, such as ashes, hackberry, and maples that expanded from riparian firebreaks and osage-orange and eastern redcedar that expanded from planted windbreaks and rocky firebreaks. Colonizing species increased from 7% to 32% of total composition, with assisted tree migration from planting; we expect continued expansion particularly by eastern redcedar into areas unoccupied by trees. Competitive species have increased slightly to 38% of total composition although the trajectory of current forests suggested competitors may increase to 56% of total composition by replacing oaks in forest ecosystems. Changed success of life history strategies in an agricultural landscape without fire resulted in increased composition and extent of fire-sensitive colonizers compared to fire-tolerant oaks. We suggest that patterns of loss of fire-tolerant oaks and increased distribution of fire-sensitive species reflect suppression of fire, the historical land use. In addition, we suggest that subsequent land use dictates the success of either shade-intolerant colonizers or shade-tolerant competitors in current forests. Forests will be composed of shade-intolerant colonizers where land use disturbance is frequent, such as in agricultural landscapes, and forests will be composed of species with greater shade tolerance where land use disturbance is less frequent. C1 [Hanberry, Brice B.; He, Hong S.] Univ Missouri, Sch Nat Resources, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Kabrick, John M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Hanberry, BB (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Sch Nat Resources, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM hanberryb@missouri.edu FU National Fire Plan, USDA Forest Service FX We thank anonymous reviewers for their comments. We received help from Richard McCullough at the USDA Forest Service FIA program, and funding from the National Fire Plan, USDA Forest Service. NR 50 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 23 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD MAR PY 2014 VL 5 IS 3 AR 34 DI 10.1890/ES13-00345.1 PG 16 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AE2IX UT WOS:000333797600011 ER PT J AU Maxwell, RS Taylor, AH Skinner, CN Safford, HD Isaacs, RE Airey, C Young, AB AF Maxwell, R. Stockton Taylor, Alan H. Skinner, Carl N. Safford, Hugh D. Isaacs, Rachel E. Airey, Catherine Young, Amanda B. TI Landscape-scale modeling of reference period forest conditions and fire behavior on heavily logged lands SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE dendroecology; ecological modeling; fire behavior; forest reconstruction; fuels; historical ecology; Lake Tahoe; predictive vegetation mapping ID LAKE TAHOE BASIN; NORTHERN SIERRA-NEVADA; MIXED-CONIFER FOREST; PONDEROSA PINE FORESTS; VOLCANIC-NATIONAL-PARK; TREE SPATIAL-PATTERNS; RESTORATION TREATMENTS; REGENERATION PATTERNS; NATURAL VARIABILITY; SOUTHERN CASCADES AB Forest conditions prior to extensive land clearing are often used as a point-of-reference by ecologists and resource managers for characterizing the historical range of variability in forest conditions shaped by intact disturbance regimes. Quantitative data on forest reference conditions can be developed from forest surveys and reconstructions using dendroecology; however, these methods lack the spatial resolution needed for landscape management. In this paper, we combine predictive vegetation mapping methods with reference forest conditions inferred from early forest surveys, dendroecology, and fire simulation models to develop landscape-scale reference conditions for forest structure, forest fuels, fire frequency, and fire behavior using the Lake Tahoe Basin, California as an example. The dendroecological reconstruction method used for the Lake Tahoe Basin forests was not sensitive to variation in decomposition rates suggesting that our method provided robust estimates of reference period forest characteristics. The cluster analysis procedure identified five forest structure types (white fir, Jeffrey pine, red fir, lodgepole pine, and subalpine) and 15 subtypes. Each forest type had a characteristic composition, density, and basal area. Our random forests approach to classifying and mapping the spatial distribution of the five dominant reference forest structure types resulted in 51.5% classification accuracy using 14 physiographic and climatic variables. The random forests model to identify subtypes within each forest group had an average percent correct classification of 47.8%. The random forests model for fire intervals explained 67% of the variance in the point fire return interval estimates from fire-scarred trees. Estimates of reference period fuels modeled from stand structure suggested moderate fuel loads for reference forests. The predicted potential fire type for forest subtypes under extreme weather was surface fire except for red fir and the lodgepole pine subtypes with potential for crown fire. By characterizing the reference forest composition, structure, and disturbance frequency with a range of variability, managers can develop a forested landscape more resilient to changes in disturbance regime and climate. Although our approach was developed for the Lake Tahoe Basin, California, it could be applied to a wide range of forest landscapes to identify forest reference conditions. C1 [Maxwell, R. Stockton] Radford Univ, Dept Geospatial Sci, Radford, VA 24142 USA. [Taylor, Alan H.; Isaacs, Rachel E.; Airey, Catherine; Young, Amanda B.] Penn State Univ, Dept Geog, Earth & Environm Syst Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Skinner, Carl N.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Redding, CA 96002 USA. [Safford, Hugh D.] USDA Forest Serv Pacific Southwest Reg, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA. RP Maxwell, RS (reprint author), Radford Univ, Dept Geospatial Sci, Radford, VA 24142 USA. EM rmaxwell2@radford.edu OI Young, Amanda/0000-0002-3580-8603; Maxwell, Stockton/0000-0002-4811-5929 FU Southern Nevada Public Land Management Act; USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station FX This research was funded by the Southern Nevada Public Land Management Act and the USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station. We thank Anna Vandervlugt, Warren Reed, Ben Wharton, Melissa Harkavy, Derek Fury, Adam Naito, Andrew Pierce, Angel Hassinger, Brent Baker, Todd Hamilton, and David Schmidt for assistance in the field. Dave Fournier (LTBMU), Scott Parsons (LTBMU), Tamara Sasaki (California State Parks), and Bill Champion (Nevada State Parks) provided key access to facilities and sample sites in the LTB. NR 102 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 29 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD MAR PY 2014 VL 5 IS 3 AR 32 DI 10.1890/ES13-00294.1 PG 28 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AE2IX UT WOS:000333797600009 ER PT J AU Peters, DPC Loescher, HW SanClements, MD Havstad, KM AF Peters, Debra P. C. Loescher, Henry W. SanClements, Michael D. Havstad, Kris M. TI Taking the pulse of a continent: expanding site-based research infrastructure for regional- to continental-scale ecology SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE connectivity; cyber-infrastructure; data interoperability; ecological culture; ecological networks; macroecology; open science ID PLANT-SPECIES RICHNESS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ECOSYSTEM RESPONSES; DISTRIBUTED EXPERIMENTS; ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE; POOR PREDICTOR; UNITED-STATES; GLOBAL CHANGE; INDIAN-OCEAN; DUST-BOWL AB Many of the most dramatic and surprising effects of global change on ecological systems will occur across large spatial extents, from regions to continents. Multiple ecosystem types will be impacted across a range of interacting spatial and temporal scales. The ability of ecologists to understand and predict these dynamics depends, in large part, on existing site-based research infrastructures developed in response to historic events. Here we review how unevenly prepared ecologists are, and more generally, ecology is as a discipline, to address regional- to continental-scale questions given these pre-existing site-based capacities, and we describe the changes that will be needed to pursue these broad-scale questions in the future. We first review the types of approaches commonly used to address questions at broad scales, and identify the research, cyber-infrastructure, and cultural challenges associated with these approaches. These challenges include developing a mechanistic understanding of the drivers and responses of ecosystem dynamics across a large, diverse geographic extent where measurements of fluxes or flows of materials, energy or information across levels of biological organization or spatial units are needed. The diversity of methods, sampling protocols, and data acquisition technologies make post-hoc comparisons of ecosystems challenging, and data collected using standardized methods across sites require coordination and teamwork. Sharing of data and analytics to create derived data products are needed for multi-site studies, but this level of collaboration is not part of the current ecological culture. We then discuss the strengths and limitations of current site-based research infrastructures in meeting these challenges, and describe a path forward for regional- to continental-scale ecological research that integrates existing infrastructures with emerging and potentially new technologies to more effectively address broad-scale questions. This new research infrastructure will be instrumental in developing an ``uber network'' to allow users to seamlessly identify and select, analyze, and interpret data from sites regardless of network affiliation, funding agency, or political affinity, to cover the spatial variability and extent of regional- to continental-scale questions. Ultimately, scientists must network across institutional boundaries in order to tap and expand these existing network infrastructures before these investments can address critical broad-scale research questions and needs. C1 [Peters, Debra P. C.; Havstad, Kris M.] New Mexico State Univ, ARS, USDA, Jornada Expt Range & Jornada Basin Long Term Ecol, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Loescher, Henry W.; SanClements, Michael D.] Univ Colorado, Natl Ecol Observ Network, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [Loescher, Henry W.; SanClements, Michael D.] Univ Colorado, Inst Alpine & Arctic Res, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. RP Peters, DPC (reprint author), USDA, Off Chief Scientist, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM debpeter@nmsu.edu FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [DEB-0618210, EF-1065699, DEB-1065699] FX Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation (NSF) to New Mexico State University (DEB-0618210, EF-1065699, DEB-1065699). D. P. C. Peters and K. M. Havstad acknowledge the USDA Agricultural Research Service (#6235-11210-007), and H. W. Loescher and M. D. SanClements acknowledge the NSF (DBI-0752017) for their ongoing support. We thank Dr. E. T. Borer for providing the NutNet map, and Dr. Jin Yao and Stacey P. Scroggs for assistance with the figures. The National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) is a project funded by the NSF and managed under cooperative agreement by NEON, Inc. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NSF. NR 112 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 8 U2 57 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD MAR PY 2014 VL 5 IS 3 AR 29 DI 10.1890/ES13-00295.1 PG 23 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AE2IX UT WOS:000333797600006 ER PT J AU Khoo, LH Austin, FW Quiniou, SMA Gaunt, PS Riecke, DK Jacobs, AM Meals, KO Dunn, AW Griffin, MJ AF Khoo, Lester H. Austin, Frank W. Quiniou, Sylvie M. A. Gaunt, Patricia S. Riecke, Dennis K. Jacobs, Alicia M. Meals, Keith O. Dunn, Arthur W. Griffin, Matt J. TI Lactococcosis in Silver Carp SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH LA English DT Article ID LACTIS SUBSP LACTIS; TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; RAINBOW-TROUT; ENTEROCOCCUS-SERIOLICIDA; GARVIEAE INFECTION; LIVER-ABSCESS; FISH PATHOGEN; ACID BACTERIA; STREPTOCOCCUS; ENDOCARDITIS AB An adult Silver Carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix with a focally extensive skin lesion near the caudal peduncle and mild iridial hemorrhage was submitted to the Aquatic Research and Diagnostic Laboratory (ARDL) in Stoneville, Mississippi, as part of a fish kill investigation. Touch impressions of this musculoskeletal lesion revealed small cocci (similar to 1 mu m) in pairs or chains within an inflammatory milieu. A pure Gram-positive cocci isolate was obtained from the brain, while cultures of the kidney and muscle yielded multiple bacterial colony types, including the Gram-positive cocci seen in the brain. This brain isolate was characterized biochemically and identified as Lactococcus spp. Analysis of the near complete 16S small subunit ribosomal DNA (SSU rDNA) and DNA gyrase subunit B (gyrB) gene sequences revealed the bacterium to be L. lactis subsp. lactis (SSU rDNA: 100% identity, 1,372/1,372bp; gyrB: 99.7% identity, 1,779/1,785bp). Comparatively, at the gyrB locus the case isolate shared less than 90% similarity to L. lactis subsp. cremoris (1,599/1,781bp) and less than 80% homology to L. garvieae (1409/1775bp). Histopathological examination confirmed a severe meningoencephalitis, a moderate mononuclear myositis, and a mild interstitial nephritis. We believe this represents the first report of a natural infection by L. lactis subsp. lactis in Silver Carp. Received December 3, 2012; accepted August 17, 2013 C1 [Khoo, Lester H.; Gaunt, Patricia S.; Griffin, Matt J.] Mississippi State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Austin, Frank W.] Mississippi State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Quiniou, Sylvie M. A.] ARS, USDA, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Riecke, Dennis K.] Mississippi Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Pk, Jackson, MS 39211 USA. [Jacobs, Alicia M.] Mississippi Dept Environm Qual, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. [Meals, Keith O.; Dunn, Arthur W.] Mississippi Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Pk, University, MS 38677 USA. RP Khoo, LH (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Coll Vet Med, POB 197, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM khoo@cvm.msstate.edu FU Mississippi State University College of Veterinary Medicine; Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station FX We thank James Steadman for his assistance with the bacterial isolation and histological slide preparation. This research is supported by the Mississippi State University College of Veterinary Medicine and Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station. This manuscript has been approved for publication as Journal Article J-12259 of the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experimental Station, Mississippi State University. NR 43 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0899-7659 EI 1548-8667 J9 J AQUAT ANIM HEALTH JI J. Aquat. Anim. Health PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 26 IS 1 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.1080/08997659.2013.837118 PG 8 WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences GA AE3JW UT WOS:000333873800001 PM 24689953 ER PT J AU Brovvn, C Wilkinson, LR Kiehl, KB AF Brovvn, Cathy Wilkinson, Lucas R. Kiehl, Kathryn B. TI Comparing the Status of Two Sympatric Amphibians in the Sierra Nevada, California: Insights on Ecological Risk and Monitoring Common Species SO JOURNAL OF HERPETOLOGY LA English DT Article ID YELLOW-LEGGED FROG; FUNGUS BATRACHOCHYTRIUM-DENDROBATIDIS; ESTIMATING SITE OCCUPANCY; POND-BREEDING AMPHIBIANS; RANA-MUSCOSA; POPULATION DECLINES; NONNATIVE FISH; PSEUDACRIS-REGILLA; NATURAL-RESOURCES; MASS MORTALITY AB Basic information on species distribution and abundance is often lacking, even for common species. The historically abundant Mountain Yellow-legged (Rana sp.) and Pacific Treefrog (Pseudacris sp.) species complexes occur sympatrically and are exposed to similar threats. We evaluated the status of these species complexes on national forest lands in the Sierra Nevada, California as part of a long-term bioregional amphibian monitoring program. To determine occupancy and abundance indices, we surveyed all lentic and a sample of lotic habitats in 208 small watersheds (2-4 km(2)) selected using an unequal probability design where watersheds occupied previously had a higher likelihood of being selected. For Rana sp., results corroborated other assessments that the taxon has declined substantially. We found breeding activity in an estimated 0.04 (SE = 0.01) of watersheds rangewide, 0.47 (SE = 0.04) of watersheds with locality data from 1990-2001, and 0.02 (SE = 0.03) of watersheds with locality data prior to 1990. Less than 10% of the watersheds contained large numbers of frogs (>500 tadpoles or 100 adults + subadults). In contrast, treefrogs were still distributed widely, with breeding occurring in an estimated 0.25 (SE = 0.01) of watersheds rangewide and 0.95 (SE = 0.02) of watersheds where the taxon was assumed to have occurred historically. The status of Rana sp. is consistent with broad-scale predictions that highly aquatic, specialized anuran species have an increased extinction risk. The delayed recognition of the severity of Rana sp. declines underscores the value of an early warning monitoring system for all species including common ones. C1 [Brovvn, Cathy; Wilkinson, Lucas R.; Kiehl, Kathryn B.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Sonora, CA 95370 USA. RP Brovvn, C (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Sonora, CA 95370 USA. EM cathybrown@fs.fed.us FU Pacific Southwest Region, USDA Forest Service FX We thank T. Olsen who, in addition to providing expertise, advice, and review developed the statistical design and analysis and provided the maximum likelihood formula. L. Bailey and J. Baldwin provided advice and guidance on the maximum likelihood approach. R. Knapp, L. Bailey, K. Pope, and the journal's two referees and associate editor provided helpful review and guidance on the manuscript. D. Bradford, R. Knapp, A. Lind, K. Pope, and V. Vredenburg contributed to or reviewed the original study plan. T. Olsen and J. Baldwin reviewed the statistical text. We thank the field crews of 2002 through 2009 and the Stanislaus and other Sierra Nevada National Forests for their help with logistics, administration, and safety. This work was conducted under California Department of Fish and Game permit SC-000304. Funding was provided by the Pacific Southwest Region, USDA Forest Service. NR 86 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 21 PU SOC STUDY AMPHIBIANS REPTILES PI ST LOUIS PA C/O ROBERT D ALDRIDGE, ST LOUIS UNIV, DEPT BIOLOGY, 3507 LACLEDE, ST LOUIS, MO 63103 USA SN 0022-1511 EI 1937-2418 J9 J HERPETOL JI J. Herpetol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 48 IS 1 BP 74 EP 83 DI 10.1670/12-103 PG 10 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AE2BC UT WOS:000333777300012 ER PT J AU Podlaski, R Roesch, FA AF Podlaski, Rafal Roesch, Francis A. TI Modelling diameter distributions of two-cohort forest stands with various proportions of dominant species: A two-component mixture model approach SO MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Two-component mixture model; Parameter estimation; Initial values; Weibull distribution; Gamma distribution; Kernel density estimator ID GOODNESS-OF-FIT; DENSITY-FUNCTION; FINITE MIXTURE; HARDWOOD FORESTS; AGED STANDS; OAK FORESTS; DYNAMICS; WEIBULL; DISTURBANCE; APPROXIMATION AB In recent years finite-mixture models have been employed to approximate and model empirical diameter at breast height (DBH) distributions. We used two-component mixtures of either the Weibull distribution or the gamma distribution for describing the DBH distributions of mixed-species, two-cohort forest stands, to analyse the relationships between the DBH components, age cohorts and dominant species, and to assess the significance of differences between the mixture distributions and the kernel density estimates. The data consisted of plots from the Swietokrzyski National Park (Central Poland) and areas close to and including the North Carolina section of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park (USA; southern Appalachians). The fit of the mixture Weibull model to empirical DBH distributions had a precision similar to that of the mixture gamma model, slightly less accurate estimate was obtained with the kernel density estimator. Generally, in the two-cohort, two-storied, multi-species stands in the southern Appalachians, the two-component DBH structure was associated with age cohort and dominant species. The 1st DBH component of the mixture model was associated with the 1st dominant species sp1 occurred in young age cohort (e.g., sweetgum, eastern hemlock); and to a lesser degree, the 2nd DBH component was associated with the 2nd dominant species sp2 occurred in old age cohort (e.g., loblolly pine, red maple). In two-cohort, partly multilayered, stands in the Swietokrzyski National Park, the DBH structure was usually associated with only age cohorts (two dominant species often occurred in both young and old age cohorts). When empirical DBH distributions representing stands of complex structure are approximated using mixture models, the convergence of the estimation process is often significantly dependent on the starting strategies. Depending on the number of DBHs measured, three methods for choosing the initial values are recommended: min.k/max.k, 0.5/1.5/mean, and multistart. For large samples (number of DBHs measured >= 80) the multistage method is proposed - for the two-component mixture Weibull or gamma model select initial values using the min.k/max.k (for k = 1,5,10) and 0.5/1.5/mean methods, run the numerical procedure for each method, and when no two solutions are the same, apply the multistart method also. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Podlaski, Rafal] Jan Kochanowski Univ Humanities & Sci, Inst Biol, Dept Nat Protect, PL-25406 Kielce, Poland. [Roesch, Francis A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. RP Podlaski, R (reprint author), Jan Kochanowski Univ Humanities & Sci, Inst Biol, Dept Nat Protect, Ul Swietokrzyska 15, PL-25406 Kielce, Poland. EM r_podlaski@pro.onet.pl NR 72 TC 10 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0025-5564 EI 1879-3134 J9 MATH BIOSCI JI Math. Biosci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 249 BP 60 EP 74 DI 10.1016/j.mbs.2014.01.007 PG 15 WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA AE5DI UT WOS:000334007600007 PM 24491286 ER PT J AU Rush, SA Soehren, EC Miller, M AF Rush, Scott A. Soehren, Eric C. Miller, Mary TI Stopover Duration and Habitat Use by Tennessee Warblers (Oreothlypis peregrina) at a High-Elevation Bald SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID BIRDS; PASSERINES; MIGRATION; SITES; AGE; LANDBIRDS; MIGRANTS; MASS AB Use of high-elevation balds by Nearctic-Neotropical passerines remains a poorly understood component of migration ecology. We used radio-telemetry to assess the habitat use of 20 Oreothlypis peregrina (Tennessee Warbler) at a high-elevation bald during September 2011. Our goals were to estimate the duration of stopover, examine variation in stopover length by age class, and determine patterns of habitat use during fall migration. For radio-tracked birds, the average length of time spent at the bald was 4.6 days (range: 1-12 days). The majority of tracked locations corresponded with heath habitat that surrounded the bald opening (79% of locations), relative to the more distal and less complex, hardwood forest. Collectively, these results provide information on the important, yet ephemeral role that high-elevation balds play in supporting the autumnal migration of eastern North American passerines. C1 [Rush, Scott A.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Soehren, Eric C.] Alabama Dept Conservat & Nat Resources, State Lands Div, Wehle Land Conservat Ctr, Elhew Field Stn, Midway, AL 36053 USA. [Miller, Mary] USDA, Forest Serv, Cleveland, TN 37312 USA. RP Rush, SA (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture, 775 Stone Blvd, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM srush@cfr.msstate.edu FU USDA Forest Service; Cherokee National Forest; Department of Wildlife, Fisheries and Aquaculture at Mississippi State University FX This research was made possible through the tireless efforts of numerous volunteers, specifically Joe Carter, Nelson Edwards, Laura Lewis, John Trent, David Vogt, and Hayden Wilson. Funding and logistical support was provided by the USDA Forest Service, Cherokee National Forest and the Department of Wildlife, Fisheries and Aquaculture at Mississippi State University. We are indebted to John Trent for graphical assistance. We gratefully acknowledge the material support ATS provided to this project. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 10 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1528-7092 J9 SOUTHEAST NAT JI Southeast. Nat. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 13 IS 1 BP 92 EP 100 DI 10.1656/058.013.0107 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AE3QN UT WOS:000333891100010 ER PT J AU Drey, KM Martin, JA Belant, JL DeVault, TL Blackwell, BF AF Drey, Kelsey M. Martin, James A. Belant, Jerrold L. DeVault, Travis L. Blackwell, Bradley F. TI Interactions Between Wildlife and Civil Aircraft in Mississippi SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID BIRD STRIKES; MANAGEMENT; COLLISIONS; PATTERNS; RISK AB Collisions between aircraft and wildlife have increased markedly since first recorded in 1905. These strikes threaten human safety and cost the United States civil aviation industry >$677 million annually. We examined the Federal Aviation Administration's national wildlife strike database records from 1990-2010 to characterize reported strikes with civil aircraft in Mississippi. We hypothesized that daily foraging patterns and seasonal differences would affect strike frequency for birds. We summarized 381 reported strikes (366 birds, 14 mammals and 1 reptile) comprising >= 42 species. Bird strikes per 1000 aircraft operations (take-off and landing counted as separate operations) increased between 1990-2010. The monthly number of reported strikes per 1000 operations peaked July September, coinciding with late breeding season and fall migration. Bird strikes per 1000 operations occurred more often during runway approach than during take-off, and more often at dusk than during other times of day. These patterns mirrored nationally observed wildlife-strike patterns. Our results may aid airport biologists in Mississippi to prioritize species management and more effectively implement timing and types of animal control efforts. C1 [Drey, Kelsey M.; Martin, James A.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Belant, Jerrold L.] Mississippi State Univ, Ctr Resolving Human Wildlife Conflicts, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [DeVault, Travis L.; Blackwell, Bradley F.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, APHIS, Natl Wildlife Hlth Res Ctr,Ohio Field Stn, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA. RP Martin, JA (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM jmartin@cfr.msstate.edu FU Mississippi State University; FAA; US Department of Agriculture's National Wildlife Research Center FX This study was supported by Mississippi State University, the FAA, and the US Department of Agriculture's National Wildlife Research Center. We would like to thank S.E. Wright and K.M. Biondi for assisting with the FAA database. This manuscript was improved by the comments of one anonymous reviewer and D.J. Twedt. Opinions expressed in this manuscript do not necessarily reflect current FAA policy decisions regarding the control of wildlife on or near airports. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 13 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1528-7092 EI 1938-5412 J9 SOUTHEAST NAT JI Southeast. Nat. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 13 IS 1 BP 156 EP 165 DI 10.1656/058.013.0115 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AE3QN UT WOS:000333891100016 ER PT J AU Ferruzzi, MG Jonnalagadda, SS Liu, SM Marquart, L McKeown, N Reicks, M Riccardi, G Seal, C Slavin, J Thielecke, F van der Kamp, JW Webb, D AF Ferruzzi, Mario G. Jonnalagadda, Satya S. Liu, Simin Marquart, Len McKeown, Nicola Reicks, Marla Riccardi, Gabriele Seal, Chris Slavin, Joanne Thielecke, Frank van der Kamp, Jan-Willem Webb, Densie TI Developing a Standard Definition of Whole-Grain Foods for Dietary Recommendations: Summary. Report of a Multidisciplinary Expert Roundtable Discussion SO ADVANCES IN NUTRITION LA English DT Review ID NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; TYPE-2 DIABETES-MELLITUS; METABOLIC RISK-FACTORS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; NATIONAL-HEALTH; PROTECTIVE MECHANISMS; NUTRIENT INTAKE; WOMENS HEALTH; WEIGHT-GAIN AB Although the term "whole grain" is well defined, there has been no universal standard of what constitutes a "whole-grain food," creating challenges for researchers, the food industry, regulatory authorities, and consumers around the world. As part of the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, the U.S. Dietary Guidelines Technical Advisory Committee issued a call to action to develop definitions for whole-grain foods that could be universally accepted and applied to dietary recommendations and planning. The Committee's call to action, and the lack of a global whole-grain food definition, was the impetus for the Whole Grain Roundtable held 3-5 December 2012 in Chicago, Illinois. The objective was to develop a whole-grain food definition that is consistent with the quartet of needs of science, food product formulation, consumer behavior, and label education. The roundtable's expert panel represented a broad range of expertise from the United States and Europe, including epidemiology and dietary intervention researchers, consumer educators, government policy makers, and food and nutrition scientists from academia and the grain food industry. Taking into account the totality, quality, and consistency of available scientific evidence, the expert panel recommended that 8 g of whole grain/30 g serving (27 g/100 g), without a fiber requirement, be considered a minimum content of whole grains that is nutritionally meaningful and that a food providing at least 8 g of whole grains/30-g serving be defined as a whole-grain food. Having an established whole-grain food definition will encourage manufacturers to produce foods with meaningful amounts of whole grain, allow consistent product labeling and messaging, and empower consumers to readily identify whole-grain foods and achieve whole-grain dietary recommendations. C1 [Ferruzzi, Mario G.] Purdue Univ, Dept Food Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Ferruzzi, Mario G.] Purdue Univ, Dept Nutr Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Jonnalagadda, Satya S.] Kerry Ingredients & Flavours, Beloit, WI USA. [Liu, Simin] Brown Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Liu, Simin] Brown Univ, Dept Med, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Marquart, Len] Univ Minnesota, Dept Food Sci & Nutr, St Paul, MN USA. [McKeown, Nicola] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Reicks, Marla] Univ Minnesota, Dept Food Sci & Nutr, St Paul, MN USA. [Riccardi, Gabriele] Univ Naples Federico II, Nuovo Policlin, Dept Clin Med & Surg, Naples, Italy. [Seal, Chris] Newcastle Univ, Sch Agr Food & Rural Dev, Human Nutr Res Ctr, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. [Thielecke, Frank] Cereal Partners Worldwide, Innovat Ctr, Orbe, Switzerland. [van der Kamp, Jan-Willem] TNO Food & Nutr, Zeist, Netherlands. RP Jonnalagadda, SS (reprint author), Kerry Ingredients & Flavours, Beloit, WI USA. EM Satya.Jonnalagadda@kerry.com RI Liu, Simin/I-3689-2014 OI Liu, Simin/0000-0003-2098-3844 FU General Mills Inc.; Cereal Partners Worldwide FX The expert roundtable was sponsored by General Mills Inc. and Cereal Partners Worldwide. The following individuals participated in the roundtable discussions: Mario Ferruzzi (Purdue University); Mindy Hermann (Hermann Communications; facilitator of roundtable); Simin Liu (Brown University); Len Marquart (University of Minnesota); Nicola McKeown (Tufts University, USDA-Human Nutrition Center on Aging); Robert Post (USDA-Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion); Marla Reicks (University of Minnesota); Gabriele Riccardi (Federico II University); Sarah Roller (Kelley Drye); Chris Seal (Newcastle University); Joanne Slavin (University of Minnesota); Jan-Willem van der Kamp (HEALTHGRAIN Forum); Laura Hansen (General Mills Inc.); Satya Jonnalagadda (General Mills Bell Institute of Health and Nutrition); Maha Tahiri (General Mills Bell Institute of Health and Nutrition); Frank Thielecke (Cereal Partners Worldwide); Greg Thompson (General Mills Inc.); Densie Webb (consultant; science writer); and Kathy Weimer (General Mills Bell Institute of Health and Nutrition). All authors read and approved the final manuscript. NR 99 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 28 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 2161-8313 EI 2156-5376 J9 ADV NUTR JI Adv. Nutr. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 5 IS 2 BP 164 EP 176 DI 10.3945/an.113.005223 PG 13 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AD9GM UT WOS:000333573000004 PM 24618757 ER PT J AU Wisniewski, M Gusta, L Neuner, G AF Wisniewski, Michael Gusta, Lawrence Neuner, Gilbert TI Adaptive mechanisms of freeze avoidance in plants: A brief update SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY LA English DT Review DE Biological ice nucleation; Ice propagation; Deep supercooling; Infrared video thermography; Frost injury; Alpine ecology ID INFRARED VIDEO THERMOGRAPHY; HYDROPHOBIC PARTICLE FILM; THERMAL-ANALYSIS IDTA; MEASURED IN-SITU; ICE NUCLEATION; FLOWER BUDS; FROST-RESISTANCE; PSEUDOMONAS-SYRINGAE; ANTIFREEZE PROTEINS; EXTRACELLULAR ICE AB Freeze avoidance has evolved in plants in response to selection pressures brought about by exposure to freezing temperatures. It is a multifaceted adaptive mechanism with many attributes. Despite the prevalence of freeze avoidance as an adaptive mechanism, little research has been devoted in recent times to understanding the underlying mechanisms and regulation of freeze avoidance. Therefore, there is no shortage of questions that need to be addressed. Inherent in understanding how plants respond to freezing temperatures is the need to also understand the properties of water at different temperatures and how the interaction of water with biological substances affects these properties. This review provides an overview of the subject of biological ice nucleation and propagation and how various aspects of plant structure and composition can affect the freezing process. Deep supercooling of plant tissues represents the most extreme example of freeze avoidance. The potential role of anti-nucleating substances in defining the ability to deep supercool is also discussed. The importance of studying intact plants in their natural environments is emphasized. Although, this adds a high degree of complexity to investigations, it is in this context that adaptive mechanisms have evolved and play a role in the biology and survival of plants. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Wisniewski, Michael] ARS, USDA, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Gusta, Lawrence] Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Plant Sci, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. [Neuner, Gilbert] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Bot, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. RP Wisniewski, M (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM michael.wisniewski@ars.usda.gov NR 93 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 17 U2 104 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0098-8472 EI 1873-7307 J9 ENVIRON EXP BOT JI Environ. Exp. Bot. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 99 BP 133 EP 140 DI 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2013.11.011 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AD8JZ UT WOS:000333513600015 ER PT J AU Munoz-Erickson, TA AF Munoz-Erickson, Tischa A. TI Co-production of knowledge-action systems in urban sustainable governance: The KASA approach SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & POLICY LA English DT Article DE Co-production; Knowledge-action systems; Science-policy interface; Sustainability; Urban governance; Social networks; Boundary work; Epistemic cultures; Future visions; Tropical city ID POLICY; SCIENCE; POWER; PROJECTS AB This paper examines how knowledge-action systems - the networks of actors involved in the production, sharing and use of policy-relevant knowledge - work in the process of developing sustainable strategies for cities. I developed an interdisciplinary framework - the knowledge-action system analysis (KASA) framework - that integrates concepts of the co-production of knowledge and social order with social network analysis tools to analyze existing configurations of knowledge-action systems in the city of San Juan, Puerto Rico, and how these are shaping both what we know and how we envision the future of cities. I applied KASA in the context of land use and green area governance and found that a diverse network of actors are contributing diverse knowledge types, thus showing potential for innovation in governance. This potential is conditioned, however, by various political and cultural factors, such as: (1) actors dominating knowledge about land use are the same ones that control urban land resources, (2) conventional planning expertise and procedures dominate over other alternative ways of knowing; (3) multiple visions and boundary arrangements co-exist in the city, and (4) boundary spanning opportunities limited by assumptions that knowledge and action should be done in distinct spheres of city planning. This study shows that developing adaptive and innovative capacities for sustainability is not solely a matter of harnessing more science, but about managing the politics of knowledge and visions that emerge from complex governance systems. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USDA, Int Inst Trop Forestry, Forest Serv, Rio Piedras, PR 00926 USA. RP Munoz-Erickson, TA (reprint author), USDA, Int Inst Trop Forestry, Forest Serv, Jardin Bot Sur,1201 Calle Ceiba, Rio Piedras, PR 00926 USA. EM tamunozerickson@fs.fed.us FU National Science Foundation [0948507, 0504248] FX Special thanks to Clark Miller, Sheila Jasanoff, Charles L. Redman, Kelli L. Larson, Thaddeus R. Miller, and the Knowledge Systems Analysis Group for the insights they contributed to this research. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant numbers 0948507 (Urban Long-Term Research Area Exploratory) and 0504248 (Integrative Graduate Education and Research Training). Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation (NSF). NR 36 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 6 U2 47 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1462-9011 EI 1873-6416 J9 ENVIRON SCI POLICY JI Environ. Sci. Policy PD MAR PY 2014 VL 37 BP 182 EP 191 DI 10.1016/j.envsci.2013.09.014 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AE1IU UT WOS:000333723800016 ER PT J AU Altenbach, SB Tanaka, CK Allen, PV AF Altenbach, Susan B. Tanaka, Charlene K. Allen, Paul V. TI Quantitative proteomic analysis of wheat grain proteins reveals differential effects of silencing of omega-5 gliadin genes in transgenic lines SO JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Wheat flour quality; Food allergens; Gluten proteins; RNA interference ID EXERCISE-INDUCED ANAPHYLAXIS; RNA INTERFERENCE; STORAGE PROTEINS; GAMMA-GLIADINS; BREAD WHEAT; FLOUR; GLUTEN; EXPRESSION; FERTILIZER; ENDOSPERM AB Novel wheat lines with altered flour compositions can be used to decipher the roles of specific gluten proteins in flour quality. Grain proteins from transgenic wheat lines in which genes encoding the omega-5 gliadins were silenced by RNA interference (RNAi) were analyzed by quantitative 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). The precise effects of the genetic modifications on the proteome were assessed in four homozygous lines generated with the same RNAi construct. Two of the lines showed >80% decreases in omega-5 gliadins with only small changes in the levels of other gluten proteins. In the other two lines, omega-5 gliadins were not detectable by 2-DE. However, there were notable reductions in all omega-1,2 gliadins. Small decreases in several other gluten proteins were also detected in one of the lines. The other line showed notable decreases in three HMW-GS and an s-type LMW-GS, increases in two m-type LMW-GS and several alpha gliadins, as well as increases in both serpins and triticin. The study demonstrates that the same RNAi construct can have differential effects on the wheat grain proteome and highlights the importance of detailed proteomic analyses of transgenic grain prior to selecting lines for further assessment of flour quality and allergenic potential. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Altenbach, Susan B.; Tanaka, Charlene K.; Allen, Paul V.] USDA, ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Altenbach, SB (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM susan.altenbach@ars.usda.gov FU USDA Agricultural Service CRIS Project [5325-43000-027-00D] FX The authors thank Melissa Ng for excellent technical assistance and Drs. Ann Blechl and Donald Kasarda for critical review of the manuscript. The research was funded by USDA Agricultural Service CRIS Project 5325-43000-027-00D. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this report is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply endorsement by the USDA. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 27 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 29 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0733-5210 EI 1095-9963 J9 J CEREAL SCI JI J. Cereal Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 59 IS 2 BP 118 EP 125 DI 10.1016/j.jcs.2013.11.008 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AE2DF UT WOS:000333782800003 ER PT J AU Hu, GS Burton, C Hong, ZL Jackson, E AF Hu, Gongshe Burton, Charlotte Hong, Zonglie Jackson, Eric TI A mutation of the cellulose-synthase-like (CslF6) gene in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) partially affects the beta-glucan content in grains SO JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Barley; Cereal; Grain quality; Mixed (1-3,1-4) beta-glucan ID STARCH; MUTANT; CEREAL; (1,3/1,4)-BETA-D-GLUCANS; ENDOSPERM; AMYLOSE; LINKAGE; REVEAL; LOCI; MAP AB The chemical induced barley mutant m351 was first selected for its low level of mixed-linkage (1-3,1-4) beta-D-glucan (MLG) in an experimental effort to search for barley lines with varied grain MLG contents. The MLG decrease in m351 was associated with increased levels of fructans and crude fiber, but maintained the same plant characteristics under field conditions. The mutation was mapped to a genetic locus flanked by two SSR markers, Bmag369 and Bmag564, on chromosome 7H. Molecular cloning of the CslF6 gene from the m351 line revealed the presence of a point mutation, causing a substitution of an alanine for threonine at position 849 in the amino acid sequence of the corresponding protein. The resultant protein retains some functionality and affects other components in the m351 grain. Those metabolic changes associated with MLG reduction in m351 is the first case reported of a partially functional CslF6 gene in cereal grains. The results contribute to better understanding of the functional effects of the CslF6 gene and the mutant has potential implications in grain end-use quality improvement. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Hu, Gongshe; Burton, Charlotte; Jackson, Eric] USDA ARS, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Hong, Zonglie] Univ Idaho, Dept Plant Soil & Entomol Sci, Program Microbiol Mol Biol & Biochem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. RP Hu, GS (reprint author), USDA ARS, 1691 S 2700 W, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. EM Gongshe.hu@ars.usda.gov FU USDA CRIS [5366-21310-003-00D]; National Science Foundation [MCB-0548525, IOB-0543923] FX We want to thank Mike Woolman for his technical support in seed composition assays. This research was supported by USDA CRIS grant 5366-21310-003-00D to GH and by National Science Foundation grants MCB-0548525 and IOB-0543923 to ZH. NR 26 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 23 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0733-5210 EI 1095-9963 J9 J CEREAL SCI JI J. Cereal Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 59 IS 2 BP 189 EP 195 DI 10.1016/j.jcs.2013.12.009 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AE2DF UT WOS:000333782800013 ER PT J AU Ljubica, C Haskins, N Heibel, SK McGuire, PJ Rayavarapu, S Nagaraju, K Hathout, Y Brown, K Tuchman, M AF Ljubica, Caldovic Haskins, N. Heibel, S. K. McGuire, P. J. Rayavarapu, S. Nagaraju, K. Hathout, Y. Brown, K. Tuchman, M. TI UNRAVELING A NEUROMETABOLIC HEREDITARY SPASTIC PARAPLEGIA: B4GALNT1 DEFICIENCY AS NEW INBORN ERROR OF METABOLISM AFFECTING GLYCOSPHINGOLIPID BIOSYNTHESIS SO MOLECULAR GENETICS AND METABOLISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Inherited-Metabolic-Disorders (SIMD) CY MAR 09-12, 2014 CL Pacific Grove, CA SP Soc Inherited Metab Disorders C1 [Ljubica, Caldovic; Haskins, N.; Rayavarapu, S.; Nagaraju, K.; Hathout, Y.; Brown, K.; Tuchman, M.] Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20010 USA. [Heibel, S. K.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [McGuire, P. J.] NHGRI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1096-7192 EI 1096-7206 J9 MOL GENET METAB JI Mol. Genet. Metab. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 111 IS 3 BP 265 EP 265 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Genetics & Heredity; Research & Experimental Medicine GA AC4OI UT WOS:000332500200081 ER PT J AU Li, SM Banuelos, GS Wu, LH Shi, WM AF Li, Sumei Banuelos, Gary S. Wu, Longhua Shi, Weiming TI The Changing Selenium Nutritional Status of Chinese Residents SO NUTRIENTS LA English DT Article DE hair Se content; historical Se data; grain consumption ID HUMAN HEALTH; AREA AB The selenium (Se) content in human hair is useful as an indicator of human Se intake and status. In this regard, when measuring the hair Se concentrations in Chinese inhabitants across northeast to southeast China, the results indicated that generally 84% of all residents have normal hair Se content. Between the sexes, the average hair Se content of males was higher than that of females, irrespective of districts. When comparing geographical regions, the average hair Se content of southern residents was greater than that of northern residents, regardless of gender. Historically, the overall hair Se content of today's inhabitants decreased between 24% and 46% when compared with the inhabitants living in the same geographic region 20 years ago. The decrease of hair Se content may be related to the overall decrease of grain consumption and the lower Se content in the staple food rice. C1 [Li, Sumei; Wu, Longhua; Shi, Weiming] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Soil Sci, State Key Lab Soil & Sustainable Agr, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China. [Banuelos, Gary S.] ARS, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Shi, WM (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Soil Sci, State Key Lab Soil & Sustainable Agr, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China. EM smli@issas.ac.cn; Gary.Banuelos@ARS.USDA.GOV; lhwu@issas.ac.cn; wmshi@issas.ac.cn FU key projects in the National Science & Technology Pillar Program in the Twelfth Five-year Plan [2012BAD15B03] FX We are grateful to the key projects in the National Science & Technology Pillar Program in the Twelfth Five-year Plan (2012BAD15B03) for financial supports. We thank Xinhua Peng for the help collecting the human hair samples and Xihai Deng for analyzing the Se content of hair. NR 34 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 32 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-6643 J9 NUTRIENTS JI Nutrients PD MAR PY 2014 VL 6 IS 3 BP 1103 EP 1114 DI 10.3390/nu6031103 PG 12 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AD6XD UT WOS:000333403800011 PM 24638069 ER PT J AU Reed, S Qin, X Ran-Ressler, R Brenna, JT Glahn, RP Tako, E AF Reed, Spenser Qin, Xia Ran-Ressler, Rinat Brenna, James Thomas Glahn, Raymond P. Tako, Elad TI Dietary Zinc Deficiency Affects Blood Linoleic Acid: Dihomo-gamma-linolenic Acid ( LA: DGLA) Ratio; a Sensitive Physiological Marker of Zinc Status in Vivo (Gallus gallus) SO NUTRIENTS LA English DT Article DE zinc; zinc deficiency; zinc biomarker; broiler chicken; (6) desaturase; delta-6 desaturase; red blood cell fatty acids ID BIOAVAILABLE IRON; HUMAN VOLUNTEERS; IMMUNE FUNCTION; HUMANS; TRANSPORTERS; EXPRESSION; BEANS; PROLIFERATION; BIOMARKERS; MEMBRANES AB Zinc is a vital micronutrient used for over 300 enzymatic reactions and multiple biochemical and structural processes in the body. To date, sensitive and specific biological markers of zinc status are still needed. The aim of this study was to evaluate Gallus gallus as an in vivo model in the context of assessing the sensitivity of a previously unexplored potential zinc biomarker, the erythrocyte linoleic acid: dihomo--linolenic acid (LA:DGLA) ratio. Diets identical in composition were formulated and two groups of birds (n = 12) were randomly separated upon hatching into two diets, Zn(+) (zinc adequate control, 42.3 g/g zinc), and Zn(-) (zinc deficient, 2.5 g/g zinc). Dietary zinc intake, body weight, serum zinc, and the erythrocyte fatty acid profile were measured weekly. At the conclusion of the study, tissues were collected for gene expression analysis. Body weight, feed consumption, zinc intake, and serum zinc were higher in the Zn(+) control versus Zn(-) group (p < 0.05). Hepatic TNF-, IL-1, and IL-6 gene expression were higher in the Zn(+) control group (p < 0.05), and hepatic (6) desaturase was significantly higher in the Zn(+) group (p < 0.001). The LA:DGLA ratio was significantly elevated in the Zn(-) group compared to the Zn(+) group (22.6 +/- 0.5 and 18.5 +/- 0.5, % w/w, respectively, p < 0.001). This study suggests erythrocyte LA:DGLA is able to differentiate zinc status between zinc adequate and zinc deficient birds, and may be a sensitive biomarker to assess dietary zinc manipulation. C1 [Reed, Spenser; Glahn, Raymond P.; Tako, Elad] USDA ARS, Robert Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Reed, Spenser; Ran-Ressler, Rinat; Brenna, James Thomas] Cornell Univ, Div Nutr Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Qin, Xia] Cornell Univ, Dept Food Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Tako, E (reprint author), USDA ARS, Robert Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM smr292@cornell.edu; xq37@cornell.edu; Rinat.Ran-Ressler@rd.nestle.com; jtb4@cornell.edu; raymond.glahn@ars.usda.gov; et79@cornell.edu NR 65 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 11 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-6643 J9 NUTRIENTS JI Nutrients PD MAR PY 2014 VL 6 IS 3 BP 1164 EP 1180 DI 10.3390/nu6031164 PG 17 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AD6XD UT WOS:000333403800015 PM 24658588 ER PT J AU Williams, BM Berentsen, A Shock, BC Teixiera, M Dunbar, MR Becker, MS Yabsley, MJ AF Williams, Brianna M. Berentsen, Are Shock, Barbara C. Teixiera, Maria Dunbar, Michael R. Becker, Matthew S. Yabsley, Michael J. TI Prevalence and diversity of Babesia, Hepatozoon, Ehrlichia, and Bartonella in wild and domestic carnivores from Zambia, Africa SO PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DOGS LYCAON-PICTUS; CHEETAH ACINONYX-JUBATUS; KRUGER-NATIONAL-PARK; LIONS PANTHERA-LEO; SOUTH-AFRICA; ETIOLOGIC AGENT; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; CANINE-DISTEMPER; SEROLOGIC SURVEY; LUANGWA VALLEY AB A molecular survey was conducted for several hemoparasites of domestic dogs and three species of wild carnivores from two sites in Zambia. Three Babesia spp. were detected including Babesia felis and Babesia leo in lions (Panthera leo) and a Babesia sp. (similar to Babesia lengau) in spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta) and a single lion. All wild dogs (Lycaon pictus) and domestic dogs were negative for Babesia. High prevalences for Hepatozoon were noted in all three wild carnivores (38-61 %) and in domestic dogs (13 %). Significantly higher prevalences were noted in hyenas and wild dogs compared with domestic dogs and lions. All carnivores were PCR negative for Ehrlichia canis, Ehrlichia ewingii, and Bartonella spp. Overall, high prevalences and diversity of Babesia and Hepatozoon were noted in wild carnivores from Zambia. This study is the first molecular characterization of Babesia from any hyena species and is the first report of a Babesia sp. closely related to B. lengau, a parasite previously only reported from cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus), in lions and hyenas. Although usually benign in wild carnivores, these hemoparasites can be pathogenic under certain circumstances. Importantly, data on vectors for these parasites are lacking, so studies are needed to identify vectors as well as determine transmission routes, infection dynamics, and host specificity of these hemoparasites in wildlife in Africa and also the risk of transmission between domestic animals and wildlife. C1 [Williams, Brianna M.; Shock, Barbara C.; Yabsley, Michael J.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Williams, Brianna M.; Shock, Barbara C.; Teixiera, Maria; Yabsley, Michael J.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Southeastern Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Berentsen, Are; Dunbar, Michael R.] USDA APHIS WS Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Teixiera, Maria] Univ Fed Mato Grosso do Sul, BR-79070900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil. [Becker, Matthew S.] Montana State Univ, Zambian Carnivore Programme, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Becker, Matthew S.] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. RP Yabsley, MJ (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Southeastern Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, 589 DW Brooks Dr,Wildlife Hlth Bldg, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM myabsley@uga.edu FU SLNP; LP work was provided from Worldwide Fund for Nature-Netherlands; African Parks Network; Painted Dog Conservation Inc; Royal Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals; SCWDS by the Federal Aid to Wildlife Restoration Act (50 Stat. 917); fish and wildlife agencies FX Funding for SLNP and LP work was provided from Worldwide Fund for Nature-Netherlands, African Parks Network, Painted Dog Conservation Inc., and the Royal Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. Additional support was provided to SCWDS by the Federal Aid to Wildlife Restoration Act (50 Stat. 917) and through sponsorship from member fish and wildlife agencies. The authors thank the Zambia Wildlife Authority and Department of Veterinary and Livestock Development for their permission and collaboration in this research and C. Mulipukwa for field assistance. NR 61 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 33 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0932-0113 EI 1432-1955 J9 PARASITOL RES JI Parasitol. Res. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 113 IS 3 BP 911 EP 918 DI 10.1007/s00436-013-3722-7 PG 8 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA AD1YK UT WOS:000333029400012 PM 24363181 ER PT J AU McLain, JE Williams, CF AF McLain, Jean E. Williams, Clinton F. TI Sustainability of Water Reclamation: Long-Term Recharge with Reclaimed Wastewater Does Not Enhance Antibiotic Resistance in Sediment Bacteria SO SUSTAINABILITY LA English DT Article DE Enterococcus; multiple antibiotic resistance; bacterial cultivation; MIC50 ID SEWAGE-TREATMENT PLANTS; ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; METAL RESISTANCE; ENTEROCOCCUS; SOIL; SLUDGE; FATE; SUSCEPTIBILITY; TRIMETHOPRIM AB Wastewater reclamation for municipal irrigation is an increasingly attractive option for extending water supplies. However, public health concerns include the potential for development of antibiotic resistance (AR) in environmental bacteria after exposure to residual pharmaceuticals in reclaimed water. Though scientific studies have reported high levels of AR in soils irrigated with wastewater, these works often fail to address the soil resistome, or the natural occurrence of AR. This study compared AR patterns in sediment Enterococcus isolated from water storage basins containing either reclaimed water or groundwater in central Arizona. Resistance to 16 antibiotics was quantified in isolates to a depth of 30 cm. Results reveal high levels of resistance to certain antibiotics, including lincomycin, ciprofloxacin, and erythromycin, exists in sediments regardless of the water source (groundwater, reclaimed water), and higher AR was not detectable in reclaimed water sediments. Furthermore, multiple-antibiotic-resistance (MAR) was substantially reduced in isolates from reclaimed water sediments, compared to freshwater sediment isolates. Comparing the development of AR in sediment bacteria at these two sites will increase awareness of the environmental and public health impacts of using reclaimed water for irrigation of municipal areas, and illustrates the necessity for control sites in studies examining AR development in environmental microbiota. C1 [McLain, Jean E.] Univ Arizona, Water Resources Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Williams, Clinton F.] ARS, USDA, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. RP McLain, JE (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Water Resources Res Ctr, 350 North Campbell Ave, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. EM jmclain@cals.arizona.edu; clinton.williams@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Program [211]; Water Availability and Watershed Management FX This research was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Program #211, Water Availability and Watershed Management. We also acknowledge the field and technical assistance of Allan Knopf and Colin Breslin, and the laboratory assistance of Matthew Hagler and Sharette Colbert. NR 64 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 5 U2 48 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2071-1050 J9 SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL JI Sustainability PD MAR PY 2014 VL 6 IS 3 BP 1313 EP 1327 DI 10.3390/su6031313 PG 15 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AE0SC UT WOS:000333675500011 ER PT J AU Ganey, JL Kyle, SC Rawlinson, TA Apprill, DL Ward, JP AF Ganey, Joseph L. Kyle, Sean C. Rawlinson, Todd A. Apprill, Darrell L. Ward, James P., Jr. TI RELATIVE ABUNDANCE OF SMALL MAMMALS IN NEST CORE AREAS AND BURNED WINTERING AREAS OF MEXICAN SPOTTED OWLS IN THE SACRAMENTO MOUNTAINS, NEW MEXICO SO WILSON JOURNAL OF ORNITHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Mexican woodrat; migration; prey abundance; prey biomass; species richness; voles; wildfire effects ID REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; SITE OCCUPANCY; HABITAT USE; HOME-RANGE; FORESTS; LANDSCAPE; SURVIVAL; ARIZONA; DIET; FIRE AB Mexican Spotted Owls (Strix occidentalis lucida) are common in older forests within their range but also persist in many areas burned by wildfire and may selectively forage in these areas. One hypothesis explaining this pattern postulates that prey abundance increases in burned areas following wildfire. We observed movement to wintering areas within areas burned by wildfire by four radio-marked Mexican Spotted Owls in the Sacramento Mountains, New Mexico. These movements occurred during the winters of 2004-2005 and 2005-2006, with some owls migrating in both winters and others in only one. Wintering areas of these owls occurred within the perimeters of two wildfires that burned in May 2000 and April 2002, respectively. We estimated relative prey abundance and biomass during December 2006 within paired burned wintering areas and nest core areas used by these owls. Species richness and relative abundance of small mammals were greater in the burned wintering areas than in the associated nest core areas for all four owls, and estimated prey biomass ranged from 2-6 times greater in burned wintering areas relative to the paired nest core areas. Burned wintering areas used by these owls were similar in elevation to their nest core areas, and likely experienced similar weather conditions during winter. These results suggest that wintering owls moved to areas with greater food resources, rather than to areas with milder weather. They further suggest that relative prey abundance was greater in burned wintering areas than in the nest core areas >5 years post-fire, and that these burned wintering areas provided important habitat for Mexican Spotted Owls in our study area during an energetically stressful season. C1 [Ganey, Joseph L.; Kyle, Sean C.; Rawlinson, Todd A.; Apprill, Darrell L.; Ward, James P., Jr.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Ganey, JL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 2500 S Pine Knoll Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. EM jganey@fs.fed.us FU Southwestern Region, USFS; Lincoln National Forest and Rocky Mountain Research Station, USFS FX We thank the many dedicated field personnel who helped locate, capture, and radio-track owls within the Sacramento Mountains. We also thank personnel on the Sacramento Ranger District, Lincoln National Forest (especially M. Mauter, J. Montoya, R. Guaderrama, D. Salas, and J. Williams), for operational support during the study. Major funding was provided by the Southwestern Region, USFS, with additional funding from the Lincoln National Forest and Rocky Mountain Research Station, USFS. We thank D. DeLorenzo for his support and assistance with securing funding throughout the study, and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on an earlier draft of this paper. NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 26 PU WILSON ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC PI WACO PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710 USA SN 1559-4491 EI 1938-5447 J9 WILSON J ORNITHOL JI Wilson J. Ornithol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 126 IS 1 BP 47 EP 52 PG 6 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA AD9GN UT WOS:000333573100006 ER PT J AU Kendrick, SW Thompson, FR Reidy, JL AF Kendrick, Sarah W. Thompson, Frank R., III Reidy, Jennifer L. TI Feeding Rates, Double Brooding, Nest Reuse, and Seasonal Fecundity of Eastern Wood-Pewees in the Missouri Ozarks SO WILSON JOURNAL OF ORNITHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE breeding ecology; double brooding; Eastern Wood-Pewee; feeding rate; Missouri Ozarks; nest reuse; seasonal fecundity ID CANOPY SONGBIRDS; BIRD COMMUNITY; OAK SAVANNAS; SUCCESS; SITE; FLYCATCHERS; PREDATION; GRADIENT; HABITAT; FORESTS AB Despite being widespread and abundant, little is known about the breeding ecology and natural history of the Eastern Wood-Pewee (Contopus virens), in part because nests are often high in the canopy, difficult to view, and adults are monomorphic. We monitored nests of Eastern Wood-Pewees and recorded the feeding rate of nestlings by adults as part of a larger study on breeding demography of Eastern Wood-Pewees across a gradient of savanna, woodland, and forest in the Missouri Ozarks in 2010-2011. We monitored 287 nests between 26 May and 22 August and conducted feeding rate observations for 54 nests with nestlings. There was an 88-day nesting season with peaks of nest activity on 24 June and 22 July. We recorded 19 cases of double brooding and nine cases of within-season nest reuse. Seasonal fecundity was 2.2 fledglings per territory. The frequency of parental feeding visits increased with nestling age. These are additional observations of nest reuse, nesting cycle lengths, and breeding season length for Eastern Wood-Pewees; future demographical research of marked individuals will continue to fill in gaps in breeding ecology for this common and widespread flycatcher. C1 [Kendrick, Sarah W.; Reidy, Jennifer L.] Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Thompson, Frank R., III] Univ Missouri, US Dept Agr Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Kendrick, SW (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, 302 ABNR Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM sarahwkendrick@gmail.com FU U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service Northern Research Station; Missouri Department of Conservation; Missouri Department of Natural Resources; Nature Conservancy; Mark Twain National Forest FX Funding for this research was provided by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service Northern Research Station. We thank the Missouri Department of Conservation, the Missouri Department of Natural Resources, The Nature Conservancy, and Mark Twain National Forest for project support. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 22 PU WILSON ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC PI WACO PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710 USA SN 1559-4491 EI 1938-5447 J9 WILSON J ORNITHOL JI Wilson J. Ornithol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 126 IS 1 BP 128 EP 133 PG 6 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA AD9GN UT WOS:000333573100018 ER PT J AU Jumepaeng, T Jantayota, R Hemmood, S Komolwanich, S Wuthisarn, S Luthria, D Chanthai, S AF Jumepaeng, T. Jantayota, R. Hemmood, S. Komolwanich, S. Wuthisarn, S. Luthria, D. Chanthai, S. TI Determination and Comparison of Volatile Aroma Compounds in Fresh and Dried Leaves Samples of Citronella Grass, Lemongrass, and Citronella Incense Products by Micro-Hydrodistillation SO ACTA CHROMATOGRAPHICA LA English DT Article DE citronella grass; lemongrass; citronella incense product; micro-hydrodistillation; GC-FID ID ESSENTIAL OIL; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; CYMBOPOGON-NARDUS; DRYING METHODS; EXTRACTION; CONSTITUENTS; DIVERSITY; GC AB In this study, micro-hydrodistillation (MHD) was conducted for the determination of volatile aroma compounds (VACs) in fresh and dried leaves of citronella grass, lemongrass, and citronella incense products. Optimum extraction of VACs was achieved when extractions were performed at 100 degrees C with 0.5 g of sample in 3 mL of water for 60 min. Maximum recovery of VACs was achieved using hexane (2 mL) as extraction solvent. Six major VACs extracted from citronella grass were identified as citronellal, citronellol, neral, geranial, geraniol, and eugenol. Geraniol was the predominant VAC in citronella grass and neral was the major VAC extracted from the lemongrass leaves. Eugenol was not detected in lemongrass leaves extract. The validated method provided good recoveries of VACs ranging from 83.6 to 105.3% with the relative standard deviations of 6.2 to 11.0%. The results presented in this paper show that the amount of essential oils extracted from the fresh citronella grass and lemongrass leaves was significantly higher as compared to those extracted from leaves dried at the ambient room temperature for 3 days. Quantities of geraniol, eugenol, and neral extracted from leaves using MHD can be used as marker compounds to differentiate citronella grass from lemongrass leaves extracts. Both storage time and conditions significantly influenced the amount of VACs extracted from citronella incense products. C1 [Jumepaeng, T.; Jantayota, R.; Hemmood, S.; Komolwanich, S.; Wuthisarn, S.; Chanthai, S.] Khon Kaen Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Chem, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. [Jumepaeng, T.; Jantayota, R.; Hemmood, S.; Komolwanich, S.; Wuthisarn, S.; Chanthai, S.] Khon Kaen Univ, Fac Sci, Ctr Innovat Chem, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. [Luthria, D.] ARS, USDA, Food Composit & Methods Dev Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Chanthai, S (reprint author), Khon Kaen Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Chem, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. EM kwanjisuk@hotmail.com FU Center for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC PERDO), Office of Higher Education Commission, Ministry of Education, Thailand; Hitachi Scholarship Foundation, Tokyo, Japan FX The authors are grateful for financial support from the Center for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC PERDO), Office of Higher Education Commission, Ministry of Education, Thailand, and the Hitachi Scholarship Foundation, Tokyo, Japan. Assistance of Mrs. Auemporn Junsongduang for identification and maintaining of the plant specimen is also gratefully acknowledged. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 16 PU AKADEMIAI KIADO RT PI BUDAPEST PA PRIELLE K U 19, PO BOX 245,, H-1117 BUDAPEST, HUNGARY SN 1233-2356 EI 2083-5736 J9 ACTA CHROMATOGR JI Acta Chromatogr. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 26 IS 1 BP 177 EP 190 DI 10.1556/AChrom.26.2014.1.13 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA AD1HC UT WOS:000332983800013 ER PT J AU Cross, BM Breitwieser, GE Reinhardt, TA Rao, R AF Cross, Brandie M. Breitwieser, Gerda E. Reinhardt, Timothy A. Rao, Rajini TI Cellular calcium dynamics in lactation and breast cancer: from physiology to pathology SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE breast cancer; lactation; mammary epithelium; secretory pathway; SPCA2 ID MAMMARY-GLAND INVOLUTION; BONE-MATRIX PROTEINS; SENSING RECEPTOR; VITAMIN-D; PLASMA-MEMBRANE; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; DOWN-REGULATION; TRP CHANNELS; MESENCHYMAL TRANSITION; CYCLE PROGRESSION AB Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer mortality in women, estimated at nearly 40,000 deaths and more than 230,000 new cases diagnosed in the U. S. this year alone. One of the defining characteristics of breast cancer is the radiographic presence of microcalcifications. These palpable mineral precipitates are commonly found in the breast after formation of a tumor. Since free Ca2+ plays a crucial role as a second messenger inside cells, we hypothesize that these chelated precipitates may be a result of dysregulated Ca2+ secretion associated with tumorigenesis. Transient and sustained elevations of intracellular Ca2+ regulate cell proliferation, apoptosis and cell migration, and offer numerous therapeutic possibilities in controlling tumor growth and metastasis. During lactation, a developmentally determined program of gene expression controls the massive transcellular mobilization of Ca2+ from the blood into milk by the coordinated action of calcium transporters, including pumps, channels, sensors and buffers, in a functional module that we term CALTRANS. Here we assess the evidence implicating genes that regulate free and buffered Ca2+ in normal breast epithelium and cancer cells and discuss mechanisms that are likely to contribute to the pathological characteristics of breast cancer. C1 [Cross, Brandie M.; Rao, Rajini] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Physiol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Breitwieser, Gerda E.] Weis Ctr Res, Geisinger Clin, Danville, PA 17822 USA. [Reinhardt, Timothy A.] ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. RP Rao, R (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, 725 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM rrao@jhmi.edu RI Reinhardt, Timothy/A-7536-2009 OI Reinhardt, Timothy/0000-0001-5552-2509 FU National Institutes of Health [GM-062142]; Weis Center for Research, Geisinger Clinic; United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service [CRIS 3625-32000-102-00D] FX This work was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (GM-062142) to R. Rao, Funds from Weis Center for Research, Geisinger Clinic to G. E. Breitwieser, and United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service intramural funding (CRIS 3625-32000-102-00D) to T. A. Reinhardt. NR 126 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 12 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6143 EI 1522-1563 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-CELL PH JI Am. J. Physiol.-Cell Physiol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 306 IS 6 BP C515 EP C526 DI 10.1152/ajpcell.00330.2013 PG 12 WC Cell Biology; Physiology SC Cell Biology; Physiology GA AD5YV UT WOS:000333330400001 PM 24225884 ER PT J AU Wang, WJ He, HS Fraser, JS Thompson, FR Shifley, SR Spetich, MA AF Wang, Wen J. He, Hong S. Fraser, Jacob S. Thompson, Frank R., III Shifley, Stephen R. Spetich, Martin A. TI LANDIS PRO: a landscape model that predicts forest composition and structure changes at regional scales SO ECOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; SPECIES DISTRIBUTIONS; BIOTIC INTERACTIONS; GLOBAL CHANGE; DESIGN; BIODIVERSITY; SIMULATION; DISPERSAL; IMPACTS AB LANDIS PRO predicts forest composition and structure changes incorporating species-, stand-, and landscape-scales processes at regional scales. Species-scale processes include tree growth, establishment, and mortality. Stand-scale processes contain density- and size-related resource competition that regulates self-thinning and seedling establishment. Landscape-scale processes include seed dispersal and disturbances. LANDIS PRO is designed to be compatible with forest inventory data, thus extensive inventory data can be directly utilized to initialize and calibrate model parameters before predicting future forest changes. LANDIS PRO allows for exploring the effects of disturbances, management, climate change, and modeling the spread of invasive species. We demonstrate that LANDIS PRO successfully predicts forest successional trajectories and stand development patterns in the Central Hardwood Forest region in U.S. C1 [Wang, Wen J.; He, Hong S.; Fraser, Jacob S.] Univ Missouri, Sch Nat Resources, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Thompson, Frank R., III; Shifley, Stephen R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Spetich, Martin A.] US Forest Serv, Arkansas Forestry Sci Lab, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Hot Spring, AR 71902 USA. RP Wang, WJ (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Sch Nat Resources, 203 ABNR Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM heh@missouri.edu NR 26 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 36 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0906-7590 EI 1600-0587 J9 ECOGRAPHY JI Ecography PD MAR PY 2014 VL 37 IS 3 BP 225 EP 229 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0587.2013.00495.x PG 5 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AB9XN UT WOS:000332149100005 ER PT J AU Rigby, MC Lemly, AD Gerads, R AF Rigby, Mark C. Lemly, A. Dennis Gerads, Russ TI Fish toxicity testing with selenomethionine spiked feed - what's the real question being asked? SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-PROCESSES & IMPACTS LA English DT Review ID MINNOW PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; ELEVATED SELENIUM CONCENTRATIONS; BLUEGILLS LEPOMIS-MACROCHIRUS; RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; HIGH DIETARY LEVELS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; COMPREHENSIVE SPECIATION; INORGANIC SELENIUM; DL-METHIONINE AB The US Environmental Protection Agency and several U.S. states and Canadian provinces are currently developing national water quality criteria for selenium that are based in part on toxicity tests performed by feeding freshwater fish a selenomethionine-spiked diet. Using only.,selenomethionine to examine the toxicity of selenium is based in part on the limitations of the analytical chemistry methods commonly used in the 1990s and 2000s to speciate selenium in freshwater biota. While these methods provided a good starting point, recent improvements in analytical chemistry methodology have demonstrated that selenium speciation in biota is far more complex than originally thought. Here, we review the recent literature that suggests that there are numerous additional selenium species present in freshwater food chains and that the toxicities of these other selenium species, both individually and in combination, have not been evaluated in freshwater fishes. Evidence from studies on birds and mammals suggests that the other selenium forms differ in their metabolic pathways and toxicity from selenomethionine. Therefore, we conclude that toxicity testing using selenomethionine-spiked feed is only partly addressing the question "what is the toxicity of selenium to freshwater fishes?" and that using the results of these experiments to derive freshwater quality criteria may lead to biased water quality criteria. We also discuss additional studies that are needed in order to derive a more ecologically relevant freshwater quality criterion for selenium. C1 [Rigby, Mark C.] Parsons, South Jordan, UT 84095 USA. [Rigby, Mark C.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Rigby, Mark C.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Ecol Evolut & Marine Biol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Lemly, A. Dennis] Wake Forest Univ, USDA Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Piedmont Aquat Res Lab,Dept Biol, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Gerads, Russ] Appl Speciat & Consulting, Bothell, WA 98011 USA. RP Rigby, MC (reprint author), Parsons, 10235 South Jordan Gateway,Suite 300, South Jordan, UT 84095 USA. EM mark.rigby@parsons.com NR 59 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 13 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2050-7887 EI 2050-7895 J9 ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP JI Environ. Sci.-Process Impacts PD MAR PY 2014 VL 16 IS 3 BP 511 EP 517 DI 10.1039/c3em00612c PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AD4NB UT WOS:000333226700016 PM 24473081 ER PT J AU Buntgen, U Tegel, W Kaplan, JO Schaub, M Hagedorn, F Burgi, M Brazdil, R Helle, G Carrer, M Heussner, KU Hofmann, J Kontic, R Kyncl, T Kyncl, J Camarero, JJ Tinner, W Esper, J Liebhold, A AF Buentgen, Ulf Tegel, Willy Kaplan, Jed O. Schaub, Marcus Hagedorn, Frank Buergi, Matthias Brazdil, Rudolf Helle, Gerhard Carrer, Marco Heussner, Karl-Uwe Hofmann, Jutta Kontic, Raymond Kyncl, Tomas Kyncl, Josef Julio Camarero, J. Tinner, Willy Esper, Jan Liebhold, Andrew TI Placing unprecedented recent fir growth in a European-wide and Holocene-long context SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article ID FOREST DECLINE; AIR-POLLUTION; VEGETATION; CLIMATE; VARIABILITY; MILLENNIUM; MANAGEMENT; DROUGHT; REGION; TIME AB Forest decline played a pivotal role in motivating Europe's political focus on sustainability around 35 years ago. Silver fir (Abies alba) exhibited a particularly severe dieback in the mid-1970s, but disentangling biotic from abiotic drivers remained challenging because both spatial and temporal data were lacking. Here, we analyze 14 136 samples from living trees and historical timbers, together with 356 pollen records, to evaluate recent fir growth from a continent-wide and Holocene-long perspective. Land use and climate change influenced forest growth over the past millennium, whereas anthropogenic emissions of acidic sulfates and nitrates became important after about 1850. Pollution control since the 1980s, together with a warmer but not drier climate, has facilitated an unprecedented surge in productivity across Central European fir stands. Restricted fir distribution prior to the Mesolithic and again in the Modern Era, separated by a peak in abundance during the Bronze Age, is indicative of the long-term interplay of changing temperatures, shifts in the hydrological cycle, and human impacts that have shaped forest structure and productivity. C1 [Buentgen, Ulf; Schaub, Marcus; Hagedorn, Frank; Buergi, Matthias] Swiss Fed Res Inst WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland. [Buentgen, Ulf; Tinner, Willy] Oeschger Ctr Climate Change Res, Bern, Switzerland. [Buentgen, Ulf; Brazdil, Rudolf] Global Change Res Ctr CR, Brno, Czech Republic. [Tegel, Willy] Univ Freiburg, Inst Forest Growth IWW, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany. [Kaplan, Jed O.] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Inst Environm Engn, Lausanne, Switzerland. [Brazdil, Rudolf] Masaryk Univ, Inst Geog, Brno, Czech Republic. [Helle, Gerhard] GFZ German Res Ctr Geosci, Helmholtz Ctr Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany. [Carrer, Marco] Univ Padua, Dip TeSAF, Legnaro, Italy. [Heussner, Karl-Uwe] German Archaeol Inst DAI, Berlin, Germany. [Hofmann, Jutta] Jahrringlabor Hofmann, Nurtingen, Germany. [Kontic, Raymond] Labor Dendron, Basel, Switzerland. [Kyncl, Tomas; Kyncl, Josef] Moravian Dendro Labor, Brno, Czech Republic. [Julio Camarero, J.] ARAID Inst Pirena Ecol IPE CSIC, Zaragoza, Spain. [Julio Camarero, J.] Univ Barcelona, Dept Ecol, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Tinner, Willy] Univ Bern, Inst Plant Sci, Bern, Switzerland. [Esper, Jan] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Dept Geog, D-55122 Mainz, Germany. [Liebhold, Andrew] US Forest Serv, Northern Res Stn, USDA, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Buntgen, U (reprint author), Swiss Fed Res Inst WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland. EM buentgen@wsl.ch RI Kaplan, Jed/P-1796-2015; Carrer, Marco/D-8727-2011; Brazdil, Rudolf/H-3156-2014; Tegel, Willy/M-8187-2014; Burgi, Matthias/C-8357-2009; buentgen, ulf/J-6952-2013; Schaub, Marcus/E-4874-2012; Tinner, Willy/F-6727-2013 OI Kaplan, Jed/0000-0001-9919-7613; CARRER, MARCO/0000-0003-1581-6259; Camarero, J. Julio/0000-0003-2436-2922; Burgi, Matthias/0000-0001-9681-601X; Schaub, Marcus/0000-0002-0158-8892; FU Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic [CZ.1.07/2.3.00/20.0248] FX We thank ZAMG and CRU for making instrumental data available, P Collins for processing pollen data, and all ITRDB contributors and the KNMI climate explorer team. UB was also supported by the Operational Programme of Education for Competitiveness of the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic (Project No CZ.1.07/2.3.00/20.0248). NR 25 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 40 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1540-9295 EI 1540-9309 J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON JI Front. Ecol. Environ. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 12 IS 2 BP 100 EP 106 DI 10.1890/130089 PG 7 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AB8NK UT WOS:000332047100005 ER PT J AU Stephens, SL Burrows, N Buyantuyev, A Gray, RW Keane, RE Kubian, R Liu, SR Seijo, F Shu, LF Tolhurst, KG van Wagtendonk, JW AF Stephens, Scott L. Burrows, Neil Buyantuyev, Alexander Gray, Robert W. Keane, Robert E. Kubian, Rick Liu, Shirong Seijo, Francisco Shu, Lifu Tolhurst, Kevin G. van Wagtendonk, Jan W. TI Temperate and boreal forest mega-fires: characteristics and challenges SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article ID YOSEMITE-NATIONAL-PARK; SUB-ALPINE FORESTS; UNITED-STATES; SIERRA-NEVADA; MEDITERRANEAN BASIN; SPATIAL-PATTERNS; MANAGING FORESTS; WESTERN USA; WILDFIRE; SEVERITY AB Mega-fires are often defined according to their size and intensity but are more accurately described by their socioeconomic impacts. Three factors - climate change, fire exclusion, and antecedent disturbance, collectively referred to as the "mega-fire triangle" - likely contribute to today's mega-fires. Some characteristics of mega-fires may emulate historical fire regimes and can therefore sustain healthy fire-prone ecosystems, but other attributes decrease ecosystem resiliency. A good example of a program that seeks to mitigate mega-fires is located in Western Australia, where prescribed burning reduces wildfire intensity while conserving ecosystems. Crown-fire-adapted ecosystems are likely at higher risk of frequent mega-fires as a result of climate change, as compared with other ecosystems once subject to frequent less severe fires. Fire and forest managers should recognize that mega-fires will be a part of future wildland fire regimes and should develop strategies to reduce their undesired impacts. C1 [Stephens, Scott L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Burrows, Neil] Dept Pk & Wildlife, Kensington, NSW, Australia. [Buyantuyev, Alexander] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Gray, Robert W.] RW Gray Consulting Ltd, Chilliwack, BC, Canada. [Keane, Robert E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT USA. [Kubian, Rick] Pk Canada, Conservat Resources, Lake Louise Yoho Kootenay Field Unit, Radium Hot Springs, BC, Canada. [Liu, Shirong; Shu, Lifu] Chinese Acad Forestry, Inst Forest Ecol Environm & Protect, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Seijo, Francisco] CV Starr Middlebury Coll, Madrid, Spain. [Tolhurst, Kevin G.] Univ Melbourne, Dept Forest & Ecosyst Sci, Creswick, Vic, Australia. [van Wagtendonk, Jan W.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Yosemite Field Stn, El Portal, CA USA. RP Stephens, SL (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM sstephens@berkeley.edu RI Buyantuev, Alexander/L-9887-2013 OI Buyantuev, Alexander/0000-0003-1670-0741 FU China's Special Research Program for Public-Welfare Forestry [200804001] FX We thank the Association for Fire Ecology for encouraging us to write this paper. Comments provided by B Collins improved the manuscript. We thank R Loehman and D Fry for figure production. China's case study acknowledges the China's Special Research Program for Public-Welfare Forestry (No. 200804001) NR 54 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 4 U2 69 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1540-9295 EI 1540-9309 J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON JI Front. Ecol. Environ. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 12 IS 2 BP 115 EP 122 DI 10.1890/120332 PG 8 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AB8NK UT WOS:000332047100007 ER PT J AU Harshman, JM Jurick, WM Lewers, KS Wang, SY Walsh, CS AF Harshman, Julia M. Jurick, Wayne M., II Lewers, Kim S. Wang, Shiow Y. Walsh, Christopher S. TI Resistance to Botrytis cinerea and Quality Characteristics during Storage of Raspberry Genotypes SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE anthocyanins; bleed; ethylene; phenolics; postharvest; Rubus X neglectus; Rubus occidentalis ID FRUIT; STRAWBERRY; PHENOLICS; ETHYLENE; SYSTEM; GENE AB Raspberries are a delicate, high-value crop with an extremely short shelf life exacerbated by postharvest decay Caused by Botrytis cinerea Pers. European red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) is the most widely grown variety. Yellow (R. idaeus L.), black (R. occidentalis L.), and purple raspberries (R. X neglectus Peck. or R. occidentalis X idaeus hybrids) are available mainly at local markets and U-pick farms. To compare the postharvest quality of the raspberry color groups, pesticide-free fruit from cultivars and breeding selections of red, yellow, purple, and black raspberries were examined for oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), phenolics, anthocyanins, soluble solids, titratable acids, pH, color, firmness, decay and juice leakage rates, ethylene evolution, and respiration. There were significant correlations between decay rate and physio-chemical properties. Both decay and leakage rates were correlated with weather conditions before harvest, but each color group responded differently to different weather factors. There were no correlations among changes in color, firmness, decay, or juice leakage rates. All the other color groups were less acidic than the familiar red raspberry. Yellow raspberries had the worst decay rates but the best leakage rates. Black and purple raspberries, with the highest phenolics and anthocyanins and the lowest ethylene evolution rates, resisted decay the longest but bled soonest. C1 [Harshman, Julia M.; Walsh, Christopher S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Plant Sci & Landscape Architecture, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Jurick, Wayne M., II] ARS, Food Qual Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Lewers, Kim S.; Wang, Shiow Y.] ARS, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Harshman, JM (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Plant Sci & Landscape Architecture, 2102 Plant Sci Bldg, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM juliam.harshman@gmail.com FU USDA-ARS [1245-21220-189-00, 1245-42430-014-00D]; Maryland Agricultural Experiment Station Competitive Research Grant FX This project was funded by USDA-ARS Projects 1245-21220-189-00 and 1245-42430-014-00D, and by a Maryland Agricultural Experiment Station Competitive Research Grant. NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 22 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD MAR PY 2014 VL 49 IS 3 BP 311 EP 319 PG 9 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA AD4LY UT WOS:000333223800014 ER PT J AU Levi, A Thies, JA Wechter, PW Farnham, M Weng, YQ Hassell, R AF Levi, Amnon Thies, Judy A. Wechter, Patrick W. Farnham, Mark Weng, Yiqun Hassell, Richard TI USVL-360, a Novel Watermelon Tetraploid Germplasm Line SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material DE breeding; Citrullus; resistance; root-knot nematode; rootstock ID CITRULLUS-LANATUS; RESISTANCE; ACCESSIONS; ORYZALIN; DISEASE C1 [Levi, Amnon; Thies, Judy A.; Wechter, Patrick W.; Farnham, Mark] ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [Weng, Yiqun] ARS, USDA, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Hassell, Richard] Clemson Univ, Coastal Res & Educ Ctr, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. RP Levi, A (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, 2700 Savannah Highway, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. EM amnon.levi@ars.usda.gov NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD MAR PY 2014 VL 49 IS 3 BP 354 EP 357 PG 4 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA AD4LY UT WOS:000333223800021 ER PT J AU Moore, PP Hoashi-Erhardt, W Barritt, B Sjulin, T Robbins, JA Finn, CE Martin, RR Dossett, M AF Moore, Patrick P. Hoashi-Erhardt, Wendy Barritt, Bruce Sjulin, Thomas Robbins, Jo Ann Finn, Chad E. Martin, Robert R. Dossett, Michael TI 'Cascade Gold' Raspberry SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material DE fruit breeding; raspberry bushy dwarf virus; Rubus idaeus; yield ID MOTTLE VIRUS C1 [Moore, Patrick P.; Hoashi-Erhardt, Wendy; Barritt, Bruce; Sjulin, Thomas; Robbins, Jo Ann] Washington State Univ, Puyallup Res & Extens Ctr, Puyallup, WA 98371 USA. [Finn, Chad E.; Martin, Robert R.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97730 USA. [Dossett, Michael] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Pacific Agri Food Res Ctr, Agassiz, BC V0M 1A0, Canada. RP Moore, PP (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Puyallup Res & Extens Ctr, 2606 W Pioneer, Puyallup, WA 98371 USA. EM moorepp@wsu.edu NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD MAR PY 2014 VL 49 IS 3 BP 358 EP 360 PG 3 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA AD4LY UT WOS:000333223800022 ER PT J AU Bell, RL van der Zwet, T Castagnoli, S Einhorn, T Turner, JD Spotts, R Moulton, GA Reighard, GL Shane, WW AF Bell, Richard L. van der Zwet, Tom Castagnoli, Steve Einhorn, Todd Turner, Janet D. Spotts, Robert Moulton, Gary A. Reighard, Greg L. Shane, William W. TI 'Gem' Pear SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material DE breeding; cultivar; fruit quality; precocity; productivity; Pyrus communis; storage life C1 [Bell, Richard L.; van der Zwet, Tom] ARS, USDA, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Castagnoli, Steve; Einhorn, Todd; Turner, Janet D.; Spotts, Robert] Oregon State Univ, Mid Columbia Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Hood River, OR 97031 USA. [Moulton, Gary A.] Washington State Univ, Mt Vernon Northwestern Washington Res Ctr, Mt Vernon, WA 98273 USA. [Reighard, Greg L.] Clemson Univ, Dept Hort, Poole Agr Ctr 170, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Shane, William W.] Michigan State Univ, Southwest Michigan Res & Extens Ctr, Benton Harbor, MI 49022 USA. RP Bell, RL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 2217 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM richard.bell@ars.usda.gov NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD MAR PY 2014 VL 49 IS 3 BP 361 EP 363 PG 3 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA AD4LY UT WOS:000333223800023 ER PT J AU Harrison, HF Jackson, DM Thies, JA Fery, RL Smith, JP AF Harrison, Howard F., Jr. Jackson, D. Michael Thies, Judy A. Fery, Richard L. Smith, J. Powell TI US-1136, US-1137, and US-1138 Cowpea Lines for Cover Crop Use SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material DE southernpea; Vigna unguiculata ID PEPPER C1 [Harrison, Howard F., Jr.; Jackson, D. Michael; Thies, Judy A.; Fery, Richard L.] ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [Smith, J. Powell] Clemson Univ, Cooperat Extens Serv Lexington Cty, Lexington, SC 29071 USA. RP Harrison, HF (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, 2700 Savannah Highway, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. EM howard.harrison@ars.usda.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD MAR PY 2014 VL 49 IS 3 BP 364 EP 366 PG 3 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA AD4LY UT WOS:000333223800024 ER PT J AU Albrecht, U Hall, DG Bowman, KD AF Albrecht, Ute Hall, David G. Bowman, Kim D. TI Transmission Efficiency of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus and Progression of Huanglongbing Disease in Graft- and Psyllid-inoculated Citrus SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE citrus greening; Diaphorina citri; graft transmission; inoculation; psyllid transmission ID REAL-TIME PCR; TRIFOLIATA L. RAF.; GREENING DISEASE; DIAPHORINA-CITRI; FLORIDA; PLANTS; AMERICANUS; INFECTION; BACTERIUM; SINENSIS AB Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (Las) is a phloem-limited bacterium associated with huanglongbing (HLB), one of the most destructive diseases of citrus in Florida and other citrus-producing countries. Natural transmission of Las occurs by the psyllid vector Diaphorina can, but transmission can also occur through grafting with diseased budwood. As a result of the difficulty of maintaining Las in culture, screening of citrus germplasm for HLB resistance often relies on graft inoculation as the mode of pathogen transmission. This study evaluates transmission efficiencies and HLB progression in graft-inoculated and psyllid-inoculated citrus under greenhouse and natural conditions in the field. Frequencies of transmission in graft-inoculated greenhouse-grown plants varied between experiments and were as high as 90% in susceptible sweet orange plants 6 to 12 months after inoculation. Transmission frequency in a tolerant Citrus X Poncirus genotype (US-802) was 31% to 75%. In contrast, transmission of Las after controlled psyllid inoculation did not exceed 38% in any of four experiments in this study. Whereas the time from inoculation to detection of Las by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was faster in psyllid-inoculated US-802 plants compared with graft-inoculated US-802 plants, it was similar in graft- and psyllid-inoculated sweet orange plants. HLB symptom expression was indistinguishable in graft- and psyllid-inoculated plants but was not always associated with the number of bacteria in affected leaves. The highest number of Las genomes per gram leaf tissue measured in sweet orange plants was one to four x 10(7) in graft-inoculated plants and one to two x 10(7) in psyllid-inoculated plants. Highest numbers measured in tolerant US-802 plants were one to three x 10(6) and two to six x 10(6), respectively. Compared with artificial inoculation in a greenhouse setting, natural inoculation of field-grown sweet orange trees occurred at a much slower pace, requiring more than 1 year for infection incidence to reach 50% and a minimum of 3 years to reach 100%. C1 [Albrecht, Ute; Hall, David G.; Bowman, Kim D.] ARS, US Hort Res Lab, USDA, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Albrecht, U (reprint author), ARS, US Hort Res Lab, USDA, 2001 South Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM ute.albrecht@ars.usda.gov FU Florida Citrus Research and Development Foundation FX This research was supported in part by grants from the Florida Citrus Research and Development Foundation. NR 63 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 27 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD MAR PY 2014 VL 49 IS 3 BP 367 EP 377 PG 11 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA AD4LY UT WOS:000333223800025 ER PT J AU Nicholson, TL Brockmeier, SL Loving, CL Register, KB Kehrli, ME Shore, SM AF Nicholson, Tracy L. Brockmeier, Susan L. Loving, Crystal L. Register, Karen B. Kehrli, Marcus E., Jr. Shore, Sarah M. TI The Bordetella bronchiseptica Type III Secretion System Is Required for Persistence and Disease Severity but Not Transmission in Swine SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID RESPIRATORY SYNDROME VIRUS; TOXIGENIC PASTEURELLA-MULTOCIDA; MEDIATED BACTERIAL CLEARANCE; GERM-FREE PIGS; INTRANASAL INOCULATION; GENE-EXPRESSION; VIRULENCE; INFECTION; PROTEIN; BVGAS AB Bordetella bronchiseptica is pervasive in swine populations and plays multiple roles in respiratory disease. Most studies addressing virulence factors of B. bronchiseptica utilize isolates derived from hosts other than pigs in conjunction with rodent infection models. Based on previous in vivo mouse studies, we hypothesized that the B. bronchiseptica type III secretion system (T3SS) would be required for maximal disease severity and persistence in the swine lower respiratory tract. To examine the contribution of the T3SS to the pathogenesis of B. bronchiseptica in swine, we compared the abilities of a virulent swine isolate and an isogenic T3SS mutant to colonize, cause disease, and be transmitted from host to host. We found that the T3SS is required for maximal persistence throughout the lower swine respiratory tract and contributed significantly to the development of nasal lesions and pneumonia. However, the T3SS mutant and the wild-type parent are equally capable of transmission among swine by both direct and indirect routes, demonstrating that transmission can occur even with attenuated disease. Our data further suggest that the T3SS skews the adaptive immune response in swine by hindering the development of serum anti-Bordetella antibody levels and inducing an interleukin-10 (IL-10) cell-mediated response, likely contributing to the persistence of B. bronchiseptica in the respiratory tract. Overall, our results demonstrate that the Bordetella T3SS is required for maximal persistence and disease severity in pigs, but not for transmission. C1 [Nicholson, Tracy L.; Brockmeier, Susan L.; Loving, Crystal L.; Register, Karen B.; Kehrli, Marcus E., Jr.; Shore, Sarah M.] ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Nicholson, TL (reprint author), ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM tracy.nicholson@ars.usda.gov NR 49 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 EI 1098-5522 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 82 IS 3 BP 1092 EP 1103 DI 10.1128/IAI.01115-13 PG 12 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA AD4BL UT WOS:000333190900019 PM 24366249 ER PT J AU Kinger, N Yang, H McGlynn, P Liu, C AF Kinger, N. Yang, H. McGlynn, P. Liu, C. TI PULMONARY CEMENT EMBOLISM IN AN OLDER WOMAN WITH SHORTNESS OF BREATH SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Scientific Meeting of the American-Geriatrics-Society CY MAY 15-17, 2014 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Geriatr Soc C1 [Kinger, N.; McGlynn, P.; Liu, C.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Yang, H.] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Liu, C.] Tufts Univ, JM USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0002-8614 EI 1532-5415 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 62 SU 1 SI SI BP S95 EP S95 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA AD6XT UT WOS:000333405500260 ER PT J AU Liu, CK Lyass, A Massaro, JM D'Agostino, RB Fox, CS Murabito, JM AF Liu, Christine K. Lyass, Asya Massaro, Joseph M. D'Agostino, Ralph B., Sr. Fox, Caroline S. Murabito, Joanne M. TI Chronic Kidney Disease Defined by Cystatin C Predicts Mobility Disability and Changes in Gait Speed: The Framingham Offspring Study SO JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Chronic kidney disease; Cystatin C; Disability; Gait speed ID GLOMERULAR-FILTRATION-RATE; OLDER-ADULTS; BODY-COMPOSITION; COLLABORATIVE METAANALYSIS; POPULATION COHORTS; SERUM CREATININE; RISK; HEALTH; PEOPLE; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB Background. As creatinine-based estimates of renal function are inaccurate in older adults, an alternative is an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR(cys)) based on cystatin C. We examined the prospective association between chronic kidney disease (CKDcys) as determined by eGFR(cys) with the primary outcome of incident mobility disability and the secondary outcome of change in gait speed. Methods. Framingham Offspring Study participants older than 60 years and free of mobility disability at baseline (1998-2001) were eligible. Baseline CKDcys was defined as eGFR(cys) less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2). At follow-up (2005-2008), the outcomes of mobility disability, defined as self-reported inability to walk 1/2 mile and/or climb a flight of stairs, and gait speed were measured. Logistic and linear regression models were adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, smoking, diabetes, C reactive protein, and physical activity. Results. Of 1,226 participants, 230 (19%) had CKDcys at baseline. After a mean follow-up of 6.6 years, 185 (15%) developed mobility disability. Of those with CKDcys, 60 (26%) developed mobility disability. Those with CKDcys had greater odds of mobility disability in the age-and sex-adjusted (odds ratio [OR] 1.91, 95% CI 1.32, 2.75) and fully adjusted (OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.05, 2.31) models compared with those without CKDcys. In fully adjusted models, participants with CKDcys had greater gait speed declines than those without CKDcys (beta = 0.07 [SE 0.02], p = .0022). Conclusion. CKDcys was associated with higher odds of incident mobility disability and greater decline in gait speed, highlighting the loss of physical independence in elders with CKD. C1 [Liu, Christine K.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Sect Geriatr, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Liu, Christine K.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Lyass, Asya; Massaro, Joseph M.; D'Agostino, Ralph B., Sr.; Fox, Caroline S.; Murabito, Joanne M.] Framingham Heart Dis Epidemiol Study, Framingham, MA USA. [Lyass, Asya; D'Agostino, Ralph B., Sr.] Boston Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Massaro, Joseph M.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA USA. [Fox, Caroline S.] NHLBI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Fox, Caroline S.] Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Dept Med,Div Endocrinol Metab & Diabet, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Murabito, Joanne M.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Gen Internal Med Sect, Boston, MA 02118 USA. RP Liu, CK (reprint author), Boston Med Ctr, 88 E Newton St,Robinson 2, Boston, MA 02118 USA. EM chliu@bu.edu FU National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Boston University [N01-HC-25195]; National Institute on Aging [R01-AG029451]; American Federation for Aging Research; John A. Hartford Foundation (Center of Excellence in Geriatric Medicine); U.S. Department of Agriculture [1950-51000-068-01S] FX The Framingham Heart Study is supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute in collaboration with Boston University (contract number N01-HC-25195). This work was supported by the National Institute on Aging (R01-AG029451) to J.M.Murabito. C. K. L. was supported by the American Federation for Aging Research, the John A. Hartford Foundation (Center of Excellence in Geriatric Medicine), and the U.S. Department of Agriculture, under Agreement no. 1950-51000-068-01S. NR 39 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1079-5006 EI 1758-535X J9 J GERONTOL A-BIOL JI J. Gerontol. Ser. A-Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 69 IS 3 BP 301 EP 307 DI 10.1093/gerona/glt096 PG 7 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA AD6QB UT WOS:000333384800009 PM 23913929 ER PT J AU Seo, EY Nam, J Kim, HS Park, YH Hong, SM Lakshman, D Bae, H Hammond, J Lim, HS AF Seo, Eun-Young Nam, Jiryun Kim, Hyun-Seung Park, Young-Hwan Hong, Seok Myeong Lakshman, Dilip Bae, Hanhong Hammond, John Lim, Hyoun-Sub TI Selective Interaction Between Chloroplast beta-ATPase and TGB1(L88) Retards Severe Symptoms Caused by Alternanthera mosaic virus Infection SO PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE AltMV; TGB1; Chloroplast beta-ATPase; TGB1 ID TO-CELL MOVEMENT; HC-PRO PROTEIN; COAT PROTEIN; PLANT DEFENSE; IN-PLANTA; TOBACCO; HOST; EXPRESSION; SYNTHASE; TOMATO AB The multifunctional triple gene block protein 1 (TGB1) of the Potexvirus Alternanthera mosaic virus (AltMV) has been reported to have silencing suppressor, cellto-cell movement, and helicase functions. Yeast two hybrid screening using an Arabidopsis thaliana cDNA library with TGB1 as bait, and co-purification with TGB1 inclusion bodies identified several host proteins which interact with AltMV TGB1. Host protein interactions with TGB1 were confirmed by biomolecular fluorescence complementation, which showed positive TGB1 interaction with mitochondrial ATP synthase delta' chain subunit (ATP synthase delta'), light harvesting chlorophyll-protein complex I subunit A4 (LHCA4), chlorophyll a/b binding protein 1 (LHB1B2), chloroplast-localized IscA-like protein (ATCPISCA), and chloroplast beta-ATPase. However, chloroplast beta-ATPase interacts only with TGB1(L88), and not with weak silencing suppressor TGB1(p88). This selective interaction indicates that chloroplast beta-ATPase is not required for AltiVIV movement and replication; however, TRV silencing of chloroplast beta-ATPase in Nicotiana benthamiana induced severe tissue necrosis when plants were infected by AltMV TGB1(L88) but not AltMV TGB1(p88), suggesting that beta-ATPase selectively responded to TGB1(L88) to induce defense responses. C1 [Seo, Eun-Young; Nam, Jiryun; Kim, Hyun-Seung; Lim, Hyoun-Sub] Chungnam Natl Univ, Dept Appl Biol, Taejon 305764, South Korea. [Nam, Jiryun] Biomed Sci, Dept Biosci 2, Taejon 305301, South Korea. [Park, Young-Hwan; Bae, Hanhong] Yeungnam Univ, Sch Biotechnol, Kyongsan 712749, South Korea. [Hong, Seok Myeong] Chung Ang Univ, Grad Sch, Dept Med, Seoul 156756, South Korea. [Lakshman, Dilip; Hammond, John] ARS, USDA, US Natl Arboretum, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Bae, H (reprint author), Yeungnam Univ, Sch Biotechnol, Kyongsan 712749, South Korea. EM hanhongbae@ynu.ac.kr; John.Hammond@ars.usda.gov; hyounlim@cnu.ac.kr FU Next-Generation Biogreen 21 program (Plant Molecular Breeding Center) [PJ009033]; Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea FX This work was supported by a grant from the Next-Generation Biogreen 21 program (Plant Molecular Breeding Center No. PJ009033), Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea. The authors would like to thank Drs. Savithiry Natarajan (USDA-ARS, SGIL), Wesley Garrett (USDA-AIRS, ABBL), and Sulda Lakshman (USDA-ARS, DGIL), Beltsville, MD for help with 2-D proteomic analysis. NR 47 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 10 PU KOREAN SOC PLANT PATHOLOGY PI SUWON PA NATIONAL INST AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, PLANT PATHOLOGY DIVISION, SUWON, 441-707, SOUTH KOREA SN 1598-2254 EI 2093-9280 J9 PLANT PATHOLOGY J JI Plant Pathol. J. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 30 IS 1 BP 58 EP 67 DI 10.5423/PPJ.OA.09.2013.0097 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA AD4LW UT WOS:000333223600007 PM 25288986 ER PT J AU Bohnert, DW Sheley, RL Falck, SJ Nyman, AA AF Bohnert, David W. Sheley, Roger L. Falck, Stephanie J. Nyman, Arthur A. TI Knapweed Hay as a Nutritional Supplement for Beef Cows Fed Low-Quality Forage SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE digestible protein; invasive weeds; livestock feed; Russian knapweed ID RUMEN PROTEIN DEGRADABILITY; RANGE FORAGE; PERFORMANCE; DIGESTION; CATTLE; DIGESTIBILITY; POSTPARTUM; EFFICIENCY; ROUGHAGES; FREQUENCY AB Advancing our ability to use invasive plants for producing commodities is central to the agricultural industry. Our objective was to evaluate Russian knapweed (Acroptilon repens [L.] DC.) as a winter feed supplement for ruminant livestock. In Experiment 1, we utilized three ruminally cannulated steers in a completely randomized design to compare the ruminal degradation characteristics of alfalfa and Russian knapweed. In the second experiment, Russian knapweed and alfalfa were compared as protein supplements using 48 midgestation, beef cows (530 +/- 5 kg) offered ad libitum hard fescue (Festuca brevipila Tracey) straw in an 84-d study. Treatments included an unsupplemented control and alfalfa or Russian knapweed provided on an iso-nitrogenous basis. In Experiment 1, the rate and effective degradability of neutral detergent fiber was greater for alfalfa compared with Russian knapweed (P <= 0.02). Ruminal lag time for NDF (period before measurable disappearance began) was greater for knapweed (P=0.03). Soluble nitrogen, rate of N degradation, rumen degradable N, and effective degradability of N were all greater for alfalfa compared with Russian knapweed (P < 0.01). In Experiment 2, supplementation increased (P < 0.01) cow weight gain and BCS compared to the unsupplemented control with no difference between alfalfa and Russian knapweed (P=0.47). There was no difference (P=0.60) in the quantity of straw offered between the unsupplemented cows and supplemented groups, but alfalfa fed cows were offered approximately 11% more (P=-0.03) than Russian knapweed-fed cows. Total DM offered to cows was greater (P < 0.01) for supplemented compared with unsupplemented cows with no difference noted between alfalfa and Russian knapweed (P=0.79). Russian knapweed is comparable to alfalfa as a protein supplement for beef cows consuming low-quality forage. Using Russian knapweed as a nutritional supplement can help solve two major production problems; managing an invasive weed, and providing a feedstuff that reduces an impediment in livestock production systems. C1 [Bohnert, David W.; Nyman, Arthur A.] Oregon State Univ, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR 97720 USA. [Sheley, Roger L.; Falck, Stephanie J.] USDA ARS, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR 97720 USA. RP Bohnert, DW (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR 97720 USA. EM dave.bohnert@oregonstate.edu NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 14 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 EI 1551-5028 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 67 IS 2 BP 219 EP 223 DI 10.2111/REM-D-13-00091.1 PG 5 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AD4PI UT WOS:000333232600011 ER PT J AU Olsoy, PJ Glenn, NF Clark, PE AF Olsoy, Peter J. Glenn, Nancy F. Clark, Patrick E. TI Estimating Sagebrush Biomass Using Terrestrial Laser Scanning SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Artemisia tridentata; monitoring; sagebrush steppe; terrestrial LiDAR; voxel volume ID SAGE-GROUSE; LIDAR; STEPPE; IDAHO AB The presence of sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) in rangelands has declined due to the invasion of annual grasses such as cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) and the feedback between these flammable grasses and wildfire frequency. Monitoring the change and distribution of suitable habitat and fuel loads is an important aspect of sagebrush management, particularly under future climate conditions. Assessments of sagebrush biomass are used to monitor habitat for critical wildlife species, determine fire risk, and quantify carbon storage. Field techniques such as destructive and point-intercept sampling have been used to determine sagebrush biomass, but both of these techniques can be expensive and time consuming to implement. Light detection and ranging techniques, including airborne laser scanning and terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) have potential for rapidly assessing biomass in sagebrush steppe. This study used TLS to estimate biomass of 29 sagebrush plants in Reynolds Creek Experimental Watershed, Idaho. Biomass was estimated using TLS-derived volume, then compared with destructive samples to assess the estimation accuracy. This accuracy level was then contrasted with the estimates obtained using point-intercept sampling of the same plants. The TLS approach (R-2=0.90) was slightly better for predicting total biomass than point-intercept sampling (R-2=0.85). Prediction of green biomass, or production, was more accurate using TLS-derived volume (R-2=0.86) than point-intercept sampling (R-2=0.65). This study explores a promising new method to repeatedly monitor sagebrush biomass across extensive landscapes. Future work should focus on making this method independent of sensor type, scan distance, scan number, and study area. C1 [Olsoy, Peter J.; Glenn, Nancy F.] Idaho State Univ, Boise Ctr Aerosp Lab, Boise, ID 83702 USA. [Clark, Patrick E.] USDA ARS, Northwest Watershed Res Ctr, Boise, ID 83712 USA. RP Olsoy, PJ (reprint author), Boise State Univ, Boise Ctr Aerosp Lab, 1910 Univ Dr, Boise, ID 83725 USA. EM peterolsoy@boisestate.edu RI Glenn, Nancy/B-4491-2014; OI Glenn, Nancy/0000-0003-2124-7654; Clark, Patrick/0000-0003-4299-1853 FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration OAR Earth Systems Research Laboratory/ Physical Sciences Division [NA090AR4600221, NA100AR4680240]; Idaho National Laboratory; National Science Foundation Idaho EPSCoR Program; National Science Foundation [EPS-0814387] FX Research was funded by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration OAR Earth Systems Research Laboratory/ Physical Sciences Division Awards NA090AR4600221 and NA100AR4680240, Idaho National Laboratory, and the National Science Foundation Idaho EPSCoR Program and by the National Science Foundation under award number EPS-0814387. NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 29 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 EI 1551-5028 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 67 IS 2 BP 224 EP 228 DI 10.2111/REM-D-12-00186.1 PG 5 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AD4PI UT WOS:000333232600012 ER PT J AU Setala, H Bardgett, RD Birkhofer, K Brady, M Byrne, L de Ruiter, PC de Vries, FT Gardi, C Hedlund, K Hemerik, L Hotes, S Liiri, M Mortimer, SR Pavao-Zuckerman, M Pouyat, R Tsiafouli, M van der Putten, WH AF Setala, H. Bardgett, R. D. Birkhofer, K. Brady, M. Byrne, L. de Ruiter, P. C. de Vries, F. T. Gardi, C. Hedlund, K. Hemerik, L. Hotes, S. Liiri, M. Mortimer, S. R. Pavao-Zuckerman, M. Pouyat, R. Tsiafouli, M. van der Putten, W. H. TI Urban and agricultural soils: conflicts and trade-offs in the optimization of ecosystem services SO URBAN ECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Agriculture; Ecosystem services; Land use; Management optimization; Soil; Urban; Trade-off ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; LAND-USE; FUNCTIONAL COMPOSITION; UNITED-STATES; LANDSCAPES; CONSERVATION; IMPACT; CARBON; INFRASTRUCTURE; SUSTAINABILITY AB On-going human population growth and changing patterns of resource consumption are increasing global demand for ecosystem services, many of which are provided by soils. Some of these ecosystem services are linearly related to the surface area of pervious soil, whereas others show non-linear relationships, making ecosystem service optimization a complex task. As limited land availability creates conflicting demands among various types of land use, a central challenge is how to weigh these conflicting interests and how to achieve the best solutions possible from a perspective of sustainable societal development. These conflicting interests become most apparent in soils that are the most heavily used by humans for specific purposes: urban soils used for green spaces, housing, and other infrastructure and agricultural soils for producing food, fibres and biofuels. We argue that, despite their seemingly divergent uses of land, agricultural and urban soils share common features with regards to interactions between ecosystem services, and that the trade-offs associated with decision-making, while scale- and context-dependent, can be surprisingly similar between the two systems. We propose that the trade-offs within land use types and their soil-related ecosystems services are often disproportional, and quantifying these will enable ecologists and soil scientists to help policy makers optimizing management decisions when confronted with demands for multiple services under limited land availability. C1 [Setala, H.; Liiri, M.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Environm Sci, Niemenkatu 73, Lahti 15140, Finland. [Birkhofer, K.; Hedlund, K.] Lund Univ, Dept Biol, S-22362 Lund, Sweden. [Brady, M.] Swedish Univ Agr Sci SLU, AgriFood Econ Ctr, Dept Econ, S-22007 Lund, Sweden. [Byrne, L.] Roger Williams Univ, Dept Biol Marine Biol & Environm Sci, Bristol, RI 02809 USA. [Bardgett, R. D.; de Vries, F. T.] Univ Lancaster, Soil & Ecosyst Ecol Lab, Lancaster Environm, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, England. [Gardi, C.] Joint Res Ctr, Land Management & Nat Hazards Unit, Inst Environm, I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy. [Hotes, S.] Univ Giessen, Dept Anim Ecol, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. [Mortimer, S. R.] Univ Reading, Ctr Agri Environm Res, Sch Agr Policy & Dev, Reading RG6 6AR, Berks, England. [Pavao-Zuckerman, M.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ USA. [Pouyat, R.] USDA Forest Serv, Arlington, VA 22209 USA. [Tsiafouli, M.] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Sch Biol, Dept Ecol, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece. [de Ruiter, P. C.; Hemerik, L.] Wageningen Univ, Dept Math & Stat Methods, NL-6700 AC Wageningen, Netherlands. [van der Putten, W. H.] Netherlands Inst Ecol NIOO KNAW, Dept Terr Ecol, NL-6700 AB Wageningen, Netherlands. [van der Putten, W. H.] Wageningen Univ, Nematol Lab, NL-6700 ES Wageningen, Netherlands. RP Setala, H (reprint author), Univ Helsinki, Dept Environm Sci, Niemenkatu 73, Lahti 15140, Finland. EM heikki.setala@helsinki.fi RI Brady, Mark/J-6313-2014; de Vries, Franciska/D-3041-2009; Mortimer, Simon/B-5154-2008; Setala, Heikki/P-7354-2015; van der Putten, Wim/C-3707-2011; OI Brady, Mark/0000-0001-9773-9722; de Vries, Franciska/0000-0002-6822-8883; Mortimer, Simon/0000-0001-6160-6741; van der Putten, Wim/0000-0002-9341-4442; Gardi, Ciro/0000-0002-8107-4401; Setala, Heikki Martti/0000-0002-5230-4001 NR 58 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 7 U2 139 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1083-8155 EI 1573-1642 J9 URBAN ECOSYST JI Urban Ecosyst. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 17 IS 1 BP 239 EP 253 DI 10.1007/s11252-013-0311-6 PG 15 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Urban Studies SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Urban Studies GA AC7HJ UT WOS:000332698500016 ER PT J AU Temimi, M Lakhankar, T Zhan, XW Cosh, MH Krakauer, N Fares, A Kelly, V Khanbilvardi, R Kumassi, L AF Temimi, Marouane Lakhankar, Tarendra Zhan, Xiwu Cosh, Michael H. Krakauer, Nir Fares, Ali Kelly, Victoria Khanbilvardi, Reza Kumassi, Laetitia TI Soil Moisture Retrieval Using Ground-Based L-Band Passive Microwave Observations in Northeastern USA SO VADOSE ZONE JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID EFFECTIVE TEMPERATURE; PENETRATING RADAR; BARE SOIL; AMSR-E; NETWORK; RADIOMETRY; EMISSION; VALIDATION; CLIMATE; MODELS AB A field experiment was performed in a grassland at the NOAA-CREST-Soil Moisture Advanced Radiometric Testbed (CREST-SMART) facility, which includes a mobile L-band dual-polarized radiometer with an in situ soil temperature and soil moisture observation network, located near Millbrook, NY. During the day-long field campaign, intensive spatiotemporal measurements of L-band brightness temperatures, surface temperature, soil moisture, and soil temperature at 3-, 7-, and 12-cm depths were collected during three passes at 0830, 1130, and 1430 h. During the second and third passes, half of the field was irrigated. Soil roughness and water content of the short grass that remained after mowing the study area were measured. The Tau-Omega radiative transfer model was used to assess the performance of the soil moisture retrieval using measured soil temperatures at different depths. In addition, the collected microwave observations at the three different times of the day were used to assess the impact of the diurnal variation of soil temperature on the performance of soil moisture retrieval. Obtained results showed that the root mean square error (RMSE) decreased throughout the day to reach 0.03 m(3)/m(3) for the afternoon pass when 12-cm soil temperature values were used in the radiative transfer model. In addition, during the three different passes, the lowest RMSE was consistently obtained when the 12-cm soil temperature was used, which suggests that, for this investigated site, soil temperature at the 12-cm depth can be a surrogate for soil effective temperature when L-band microwave temperatures are used. In terms of diurnal variability, observations from the afternoon pass led to the highest agreement between observed and retrieved soil moisture values. C1 [Temimi, Marouane; Lakhankar, Tarendra; Krakauer, Nir; Khanbilvardi, Reza; Kumassi, Laetitia] CUNY, NOAA, CREST, New York, NY 10031 USA. [Temimi, Marouane] Masdar Inst Sci & Technol, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates. [Zhan, Xiwu] NOAA NESDIS Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Cosh, Michael H.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Fares, Ali] Prairie View A&M Univ, Cooperat Agr Res Ctr, Prairie View, TX 77446 USA. [Kelly, Victoria] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. RP Temimi, M (reprint author), CUNY, NOAA, CREST, New York, NY 10031 USA. EM mtemimi@ccny.cuny.edu RI Zhan, Xiwu/F-5487-2010; Cosh, MIchael/A-8858-2015; Lakhankar, Tarendra/F-9490-2011 OI Cosh, MIchael/0000-0003-4776-1918; Lakhankar, Tarendra/0000-0002-4759-2141 FU NOAA [NA06OAR4810162, NA11SEC4810004] FX We would like to thank the Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies for hosting the experiment and for their valuable logistic support. Also, we would like to thank Dr. Francois Jonard for his assistance. This study was supported by the NOAA under Grants no. NA06OAR4810162 and NA11SEC4810004. The statements contained here are not the opinions of the funding agency or government but reflect the views of the authors. NR 34 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 15 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1539-1663 J9 VADOSE ZONE J JI Vadose Zone J. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 13 IS 3 DI 10.2136/vzj2013.06.0101 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA AD4CZ UT WOS:000333195500004 ER PT J AU Qualls, WA Muller, GC Revay, EE Allan, SA Arheart, KL Beier, JC Smith, ML Scott, JM Kravchenko, VD Hausmann, A Yefremova, ZA Xue, RD AF Qualls, Whitney A. Mueller, Guenter C. Revay, Edita E. Allan, Sandra A. Arheart, Kristopher L. Beier, John C. Smith, Michal L. Scott, Jodi M. Kravchenko, Vasiliy D. Hausmann, Axel Yefremova, Zoya A. Xue, Rui-De TI Evaluation of attractive toxic sugar bait (ATSB)-Barrier for control of vector and nuisance mosquitoes and its effect on non-target organisms in sub-tropical environments in Florida SO ACTA TROPICA LA English DT Article DE Integrated vector control; Oral insecticide; Anopheles crucians; Sugar feeding; Eugenol ID AEDES-ALBOPICTUS DIPTERA; MALARIA VECTORS; CULICIDAE; TRANSMISSION; POPULATIONS; RESISTANCE; BLOSSOMS; FLIES; RISK AB The efficacy of attractive toxic sugar baits (ATSB) with the active ingredient eugenol, an Environmental Protection Agency exempt compound, was evaluated against vector and nuisance mosquitoes in both laboratory and field studies. In the laboratory, eugenol combined in attractive sugar bait (ASB) solution provided high levels of mortality for Aedes aegypti, Culex quinquefasciatus, and Anopheles quadrimaculatus. Field studies demonstrated significant control: >70% reduction for Aedes atlanticus, Aedes. infirmatus, and Culex nigripalpus and >50% reduction for Anopheles crucians, Uranotaenia sapphirina, Culiseta melanura, and Culex erraticus three weeks post ATSB application. Furthermore, non-target feeding of six insect orders, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, Hemiptera, and Orthoptera, was evaluated in the field after application of a dyed-ASB to flowering and non-flowering vegetation. ASB feeding (staining) was determined by dissecting the guts and searching for food dye with a dissecting microscope. The potential impact of ATSB on non-targets, applied on green non-flowering vegetation was low for all non-target groups (0.9%). However, application of the ASB to flowering vegetation resulted in significant staining of the non-target insect orders. This highlights the need for application guidelines to reduce non-target effects. No mortality was observed in laboratory studies with predatory non-targets, spiders, praying mantis, or ground beetles, after feeding for three days on mosquitoes engorged on ATSB. Overall, our laboratory and field studies support the use of eugenol as an active ingredient for controlling important vector and nuisance mosquitoes when used as an ATSB toxin. This is the first study demonstrating effective control of anophelines in non-arid environments which suggest that even in highly competitive sugar rich environments this method could be used for control of malaria in Latin American countries. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Qualls, Whitney A.; Arheart, Kristopher L.; Beier, John C.] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [Mueller, Guenter C.] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, Inst Med Res Israel Canada, Kuvin Ctr Study Infect & Trop Dis, Jerusalem, Israel. [Revay, Edita E.] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Anat & Cell Biol, Bruce Rappaport Fac Med, IL-34995 Haifa, Israel. [Allan, Sandra A.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL USA. [Scott, Jodi M.; Xue, Rui-De] Anastasia Mosquito Control Dist, St Augustine, FL USA. [Kravchenko, Vasiliy D.; Yefremova, Zoya A.] Tel Aviv Univ, George S Wise Fac Life Sci, Dept Zool, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Hausmann, Axel] SNSB, Bavarian Nat Hist Collect, Munich, Germany. [Hausmann, Axel] Bavarian State Collect Zool ZSM, Munich, Germany. RP Qualls, WA (reprint author), Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Miami, FL 33136 USA. EM w.qualls@med.miami.edu FU National Institute of Allergy And Infectious Diseases of the National Institutes of Health [R01AI100968]; Deployed War-Fighter Protection Research Program Grant; U.S. Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pests Management Board; Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation FX The research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute of Allergy And Infectious Diseases of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number R01AI100968. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. Portions of this work were supported by a Deployed War-Fighter Protection Research Program Grant funded by the U.S. Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pests Management Board and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. NR 42 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 5 U2 34 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0001-706X EI 1873-6254 J9 ACTA TROP JI Acta Trop. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 131 BP 104 EP 110 DI 10.1016/j.actatropica.2013.12.004 PG 7 WC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA AD0DU UT WOS:000332905500015 PM 24361724 ER PT J AU Schuster, GU Bratt, JM Jiang, XW Pedersen, TL Grapov, D Adkins, Y Kelley, DS Newman, JW Kenyon, NJ Stephensen, CB AF Schuster, Gertrud U. Bratt, Jennifer M. Jiang, Xiaowen Pedersen, Theresa L. Grapov, Dmitry Adkins, Yuriko Kelley, Darshan S. Newman, John W. Kenyon, Nicholas J. Stephensen, Charles B. TI Dietary Long-Chain Omega-3 Fatty Acids Do Not Diminish Eosinophilic Pulmonary Inflammation in Mice SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE rodents; eosinophils; inflammation; lipid mediators ID POLYUNSATURATED FATTY-ACIDS; ALLERGIC AIRWAY INFLAMMATION; RETINOID-X-RECEPTOR; DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID; MOUSE MODEL; FISH-OIL; LUNG INFLAMMATION; LIPID MEDIATORS; TRANSGENIC MICE; PROTECTIN D1 AB Although the effects of fish oil supplements on airway inflammation in asthma have been studied with varying results, the independent effects of the fish oil components, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), administered separately, are untested. Here, we investigated airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness using a mouse ovalbumin exposure model of asthma assessing the effects of consuming EPA (1.5% wt/wt), DHA (1.5% wt/wt), EPA plus DHA (0.75% each), or a control diet with no added omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Consuming these diets for 6 weeks resulted in erythrocyte membrane EPA contents (molar %) of 9.0 (+/- 0.6), 3.2 (+/- 0.2), 6.8 (+/- 0.5), and 0.01 (+/- 0.0)%; DHA contents were 6.8 (+/- 0.1), 15.6 (+/- 0.5), 12.3 (+/- 0.3), and 3.8 (+/- 0.2)%, respectively. The DHA group had the highest bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid eosinophil and IL-6 levels (P < 0.05). Similar trends were seen for macrophages, IL-4, and IL-13, whereas TNF-alpha was lower in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid groups than the control (P < 0.05). The DHA group also had the highest airway resistance, which differed significantly from the EPA plus DHA group (P < 0.05), which had the lowest. Oxylipins were measured in plasma and BAL fluid, with DHA and EPA suppressing arachidonic acid-derived oxylipin production. DHA-derived oxylipins from the cytochrome P450 and 15-lipoxygenase pathways correlated significantly with BAL eosinophil levels. The proinflammatory effects of DHA suggest that the adverse effects of individual fatty acid formulations should be thoroughly considered before any use as therapeutic agents in asthma. C1 [Schuster, Gertrud U.; Jiang, Xiaowen; Adkins, Yuriko; Kelley, Darshan S.; Stephensen, Charles B.] ARS, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Immun & Dis Prevent Unit, Davis, CA USA. [Schuster, Gertrud U.; Grapov, Dmitry; Kelley, Darshan S.; Newman, John W.; Stephensen, Charles B.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Bratt, Jennifer M.; Kenyon, Nicholas J.] Univ Calif Davis, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Pedersen, Theresa L.; Newman, John W.] ARS, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA USA. RP Schuster, GU (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, 430 West Hlth Sci Dr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM gschuster@ucdavis.edu FU CHNR-grant [06-000427]; National Institutes of Health [HL105573, 1 U24 DK097154]; NIGMS [T32-GM008799]; Asthma America Foundation [09-0269]; U.S. Department of Agriculture CRIS projects [5306-51530-006-00D, 5306-51530-19-00D] FX This work was supported by CHNR-grant to Nutrition Department (Vitamin Settlement Case Study contract 06-000427), National Institutes of Health grants HL105573, 1 U24 DK097154, and NIGMS T32-GM008799, Asthma America Foundation 09-0269, and U.S. Department of Agriculture CRIS projects 5306-51530-006-00D and 5306-51530-19-00D. NR 49 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 25 BROADWAY, 18 FL, NEW YORK, NY 10004 USA SN 1044-1549 EI 1535-4989 J9 AM J RESP CELL MOL JI Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 50 IS 3 BP 626 EP 636 DI 10.1165/rcmb.2013-0136OC PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Respiratory System SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Respiratory System GA AC4TJ UT WOS:000332513500015 PM 24134486 ER PT J AU Tavares, WD Legaspi, JC Lima, AR Soares, MA Pereira, AID Zanuncio, JC AF Tavares, W. De S. Legaspi, J. C. Lima, A. R. Soares, M. A. Pereira, A. I. De A. Zanuncio, J. C. TI Pseudautomeris brasiliensis (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) and Stenoma sp. (Lepidoptera: Elachistidae) Feeding on Crops of Ctenanthe kummeriana (Marantaceae) in Brazil and an Associate Parasitoid, Enicospilus tenuigena (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) SO ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE damage; emergence; monitoring; Ophioninae; Zingiberalis ID CATENIFER WALSINGHAM LEPIDOPTERA; PALMISTICHUS-ELAEISIS DELVARE; CROTALARIA-JUNCEA FABACEAE; GRANDE-DO-SUL; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; MINAS-GERAIS; PUPAE; EULOPHIDAE; ARCTIIDAE; NOCTUIDAE AB Ctenanthe kummeriana (E. Morren) Eichler (Marantaceae) is a cosmopolitan ornamental plant with esthetically appealing color and leaf shape. Pseudautomeris brasiliensis Walker (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) and a nondescribed species of Stenoma (Lepidoptera: Elachistidae) defoliated this plant in the campus of the Federal University of Vicosa (UFV), Vicosa, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, inspiring the study of the association that prevails among these organisms. This could be a rare event, as the association of Lepidoptera with Marantaceae is scarce, with only two previous reports. The aim of this study was to monitor the caterpillars on the two crops of C. kummeriana, one in the "Horto Botanico" (HB) and another in the " Recanto da Cigarra" (RC) for a period of 1 yr, with particular attention to the shelters and damage caused; to assess the gregarious nature and the emergence of parasitoid and lepidopterans; and to provide an accurate morphologic diagnosis of a parasitoid. P. brasiliensis and Stenoma sp. were recorded after the rainy season, exhibiting similar distribution between HB and RC. Enicospilus tenuigena Kriechbaumer, 1901 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) emerged from 76.25% of the P. brasiliensis pupae. P. brasiliensis and Stenoma sp. defoliated the C. kummeriana plants between March and June in the UFV campus, whereas the parasitoid E. tenuigena reduced the populations of the first species. C1 [Tavares, W. De S.] Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Fitotecnia, BR-36570000 Vicosa, MG, Brazil. [Legaspi, J. C.] Florida A&M Univ, ARS, USDA, CMAVE,Ctr Biol Control, Tallahassee, FL 32308 USA. [Lima, A. R.] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Zool, BR-31270901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. [Soares, M. A.] Univ Fed Vales Jequitinhonha & Mucuri, Dept Agron, BR-39100000 Diamantina, MG, Brazil. [Pereira, A. I. De A.] Inst Fed Goiano, Dept Agron, BR-75790000 Urutai, Go, Brazil. [Zanuncio, J. C.] Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Biol Anim, BR-36570000 Vicosa, MG, Brazil. RP Tavares, WD (reprint author), Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Fitotecnia, BR-36570000 Vicosa, MG, Brazil. EM wagner.tavares@ufv.br FU Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq); Coordenacao de Aperfeic,oamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES); Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) FX To Agricultural Engineering Department of the UFV, especially, the National Department of Meteorology by the weather reports of Vicosa; boldsystems.org by the Fig. 2F; "Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq)", "Coordenacao de Aperfeic,oamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES)", and "Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG)" for financial support. Global Edico Services of India corrected and rewrote the English of this manuscript. NR 45 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 10 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0013-8746 EI 1938-2901 J9 ANN ENTOMOL SOC AM JI Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 107 IS 2 BP 413 EP 423 DI 10.1603/AN13065 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AC4ZI UT WOS:000332529600011 ER PT J AU De Sousa, LAD Da Costa, DP Ferri, PH Showler, AT Borges, LMF AF De Sousa, Lorena A. D. Da Costa, Deomar P. Ferri, Pedro H. Showler, Allan T. Borges, Ligia M. F. TI Soil Quality Influences Efficacy of Melia azedarach (Sapindales: Meliaceae), Fruit Extracts Against Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) SO ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE bioactivity; natural; product; tick; soil ID TEXAS/MEXICO BORDER; TICKS ACARI; PURIFICATION; AZADIRACHTIN; ANNULATUS; PROGRAMS; MEXICO AB Hexane extract of chinaberry, Melia azedarach L., unripe fruits obtained from different municipalities of Goias State, Brazil, were evaluated on the southern cattle tick, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Canestrini), engorged females. Hexanic extracts were assayed in decreasing concentrations from 0.25 to 0.0156% to determine effects on egg production and hatching. Efficacy on engorged females decreased as a result of the extracts from Goiania (100%), Professor Jamil (97.5 +/- 3.0%), Pirenopolis (95.1 +/- 2.4%), Morrinhos (86.8 +/- 9.4%), Caturao ' (41.8 +/- 29.3%), and Bela Vista de Goias (17.1 +/- 0.9%) municipalities. Canonical redundancy analysis indicated that the extract bioactivity was positively correlated with soil Ca2+, Mg2+, and P and negatively correlated with silt, K+, potential acidity, and organic matter. This study demonstrates that M. azedarach hexanic extract can dramatically reduce R. (B.) microplus reproductive capacity and that efficacy is strongly influenced by differences in soil constituents between collection sites. C1 [De Sousa, Lorena A. D.] Univ Fed Goias, Escola Vet Zootecnia, BR-74001970 Goiania, Go, Brazil. [Da Costa, Deomar P.; Ferri, Pedro H.] Univ Fed Goias, Inst Quim, BR-74001970 Goiania, Go, Brazil. [Showler, Allan T.] ARS, USDA, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. [Borges, Ligia M. F.] Univ Fed Goias, Inst Patol Trop & Saude Publ, BR-74001970 Goiania, Go, Brazil. RP Borges, LMF (reprint author), Univ Fed Goias, Inst Patol Trop & Saude Publ, Cx Postal 131, BR-74001970 Goiania, Go, Brazil. EM ligia@ufg.br FU Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq); Fundacao de Amparo do Estado de Goias (FAPEG) FX We are grateful to the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) and to the Fundacao de Amparo do Estado de Goias (FAPEG) for financial support. NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0013-8746 EI 1938-2901 J9 ANN ENTOMOL SOC AM JI Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 107 IS 2 BP 484 EP 489 DI 10.1603/AN13167 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AC4ZI UT WOS:000332529600019 ER PT J AU Heng-Moss, T Bradshaw, J Koch, K Prochaska, T Donze-Reiner, T Sarath, G AF Heng-Moss, Tiffany Bradshaw, Jeff Koch, Kyle Prochaska, Travis Donze-Reiner, Teresa Sarath, Gautam TI Grow them and we will come for the feast SO BIOFUELS BIOPRODUCTS & BIOREFINING-BIOFPR LA English DT Editorial Material ID MISCANTHUS X GIGANTEUS; BLISSUS-OCCIDUUS HEMIPTERA; PANICUM-VIRGATUM L.; SWITCHGRASS; RESISTANCE; LYGAEIDAE C1 [Heng-Moss, Tiffany; Bradshaw, Jeff; Koch, Kyle; Prochaska, Travis; Donze-Reiner, Teresa] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE USA. [Sarath, Gautam] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Sarath, G (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM Gautam.Sarath@ars.usda.gov NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1932-104X EI 1932-1031 J9 BIOFUEL BIOPROD BIOR JI Biofuels Bioprod. Biorefining PD MAR PY 2014 VL 8 IS 2 BP 145 EP 146 DI 10.1002/bbb.1477 PG 2 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA AC4UY UT WOS:000332517800001 ER PT J AU Huang, K Liu, ZS Zhang, JW Li, SH Li, M Xia, JL Zhou, YH AF Huang, Kun Liu, Zengshe Zhang, Jinwen Li, Shouhai Li, Mei Xia, Jianling Zhou, Yonghong TI Epoxy Monomers Derived from Tung Oil Fatty Acids and Its Regulable Thermosets Cured in Two Synergistic Ways SO BIOMACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID DIELS-ALDER REACTIONS; CROSS-LINK DENSITY; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; ENGINEERING PLASTICS; ELEOSTEARIC ACIDS; MALEIC ANHYDRIDE; POLYMER NETWORKS; RESINS; LIGNIN; PERFORMANCE AB A novel biobased epoxy monomer with conjugated double bonds, glycidyl ester of eleostearic acid (GEEA) was synthesized from tung oil fatty acids and characterized by H-1 and C-13 NMR. Differential scanning calorimeter analysis (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) were utilized to investigate the curing process of GEEA with dienophiles and anhydrides. DSC indicated that GEEA could cross-link with both dienophiles and anhydrides through Diels-Alder reaction and epoxy/anhydride ring-opening reaction. Furthermore, Diels-Alder cross-link was much more active than the ring-opening of epoxy and anhydride in the curing process. FT-IR also revealed that GEEA successively reacted with dienophiles and anhydrides in both cross-linking methods. Dynamic mechanical analysis and mechanical tensile testing were used to study the thermal and mechanical properties of GEEA cured by maleic anhydride, nadic methyl anhydride and 1,1'-(methylenedi-4,1-phenylene)-bismaleimide. Due to the independence between the curing agents, dienophile and anhydride, a series of thermosetting polymers with various properties could be obtained by adjusting the composition of these two curing agents. C1 [Huang, Kun; Li, Shouhai; Li, Mei; Xia, Jianling; Zhou, Yonghong] CAF, Inst Chem Ind Forestry Prod, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Huang, Kun; Li, Shouhai; Li, Mei; Xia, Jianling; Zhou, Yonghong] CAF, Inst Forest New Technol, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Huang, Kun; Li, Shouhai; Li, Mei; Xia, Jianling; Zhou, Yonghong] Natl Engn Lab Biomass Chem Utilizat, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Huang, Kun; Li, Shouhai; Li, Mei; Xia, Jianling; Zhou, Yonghong] SFA, Key Lab Forest Chem Engn, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Huang, Kun; Li, Shouhai; Li, Mei; Xia, Jianling; Zhou, Yonghong] Key Lab Biomass Energy & Mat, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Liu, Zengshe] ARS, Biooils Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Zhang, Jinwen] Washington State Univ, Composite Mat & Engn Ctr, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Liu, ZS (reprint author), ARS, Biooils Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM kevin.liu@ars.usda.gov; jwzhang@wsu.edu RI Zhang, Jinwen/G-8674-2014 OI Zhang, Jinwen/0000-0001-8828-114X FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31000280, 31170544]; National Agricultural Scientific and Technological Achievements Project of China [2011GB24320017] FX The authors are grateful for the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 31000280 and 31170544) and the National Agricultural Scientific and Technological Achievements Project of China (No. 2011GB24320017). The authors also acknowledge Mr. Daniel A. Knetzer for technical help. NR 45 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 68 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1525-7797 EI 1526-4602 J9 BIOMACROMOLECULES JI Biomacromolecules PD MAR PY 2014 VL 15 IS 3 BP 837 EP 843 DI 10.1021/bm4018929 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Organic; Polymer Science SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Polymer Science GA AC8AY UT WOS:000332756600016 PM 24484324 ER PT J AU Lu, Z Grohn, YT Smith, RL Karns, JS Hovingh, E Schukken, YH AF Lu, Zhao Groehn, Yrjoe T. Smith, Rebecca L. Karns, Jeffrey S. Hovingh, Ernest Schukken, Ynte H. TI Stochastic Modeling of Imperfect Salmonella Vaccines in an Adult Dairy Herd SO BULLETIN OF MATHEMATICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Mathematical modeling; Salmonella; Imperfect vaccines; Dairy cattle; Infectious disease ID NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; NONTYPHOIDAL SALMONELLA; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; NEWPORT INFECTIONS; RESISTANT; DYNAMICS; ENTERICA; SEROTYPE; TRANSMISSION AB Salmonella is a major cause of bacterial foodborne disease. Human salmonellosis results in significant public health concerns and a considerable economic burden. Dairy cattle are recognized as a key source of several Salmonella serovars that are a threat to human health. To lower the risk of Salmonella infection, reduction of Salmonella prevalence in dairy cattle is important. Vaccination as a control measure has been applied for reduction of preharvest Salmonella prevalence on dairy farms. Salmonella vaccines are usually imperfect (i.e., vaccines may provide a partial protection for susceptible animals, reduce the infectiousness and shedding level, shorten the infectious period of infected animals, and/or curb the number of clinical cases), and evaluation of the potential impacts of imperfect Salmonella vaccines at the farm level is valuable to design effective intervention strategies. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of imperfect Salmonella vaccines on the stochastic transmission dynamics in an adult dairy herd. To this end, we developed a semi-stochastic and individual-based continuous time Markov chain (CTMC) vaccination model with both direct and indirect transmission, and applied the CTMC vaccination model to Salmonella Cerro transmission in an adult dairy herd. Our results show that vaccines shortening the infectious period are most effective in reducing prevalence, and vaccines decreasing host susceptibility are most effective in reducing the outbreak size. Vaccines with multiple moderate efficacies may have the same effectiveness as vaccines with a single high efficacy in reducing prevalence, time to extinction, and outbreak size. Although the environment component has negligible contributions to the prevalence, time to extinction, and outbreak size for Salmonella Cerro in the herd, the relative importance of environment component was not assessed. This study indicates that an effective vaccination program against Salmonella Cerro spread in the herd can be designed with (1) vaccines with a single high efficacy in reducing either the infectious period or susceptibility of the host, or (2) if such single high efficacy vaccines are not available, vaccines with multiple moderate efficacies may be considered instead. These findings are also of general value for designing vaccination program for Salmonella serotypes in livestock. C1 [Lu, Zhao; Groehn, Yrjoe T.; Smith, Rebecca L.; Schukken, Ynte H.] Cornell Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Populat Med & Diagnost Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Karns, Jeffrey S.] ARS, USDA, Environm Microbial Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Hovingh, Ernest] Penn State Univ, Dept Vet & Biomed Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Lu, Z (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Populat Med & Diagnost Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM ZL73@cornell.edu OI Schukken, Ynte/0000-0002-8250-4194 FU USDA-ARS under the Regional Dairy Quality Management Alliance (RDQMA) FX We thank two anonymous reviewers for their constructive and valuable comments which greatly improve the content and presentation of our manuscript. This work was supported by USDA-ARS under the Regional Dairy Quality Management Alliance (RDQMA) Specific Cooperative Agreement. NR 50 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0092-8240 EI 1522-9602 J9 B MATH BIOL JI Bull. Math. Biol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 76 IS 3 BP 541 EP 565 DI 10.1007/s11538-013-9931-5 PG 25 WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA AD3GD UT WOS:000333125400002 PM 24577666 ER PT J AU Takle, ES Anderson, CJ Andresen, J Angel, J Elmore, RW Gramig, BM Guinan, P Hilberg, S Kluck, D Massey, R Niyogi, D Schneider, JM Shulski, MD Todey, D Widhalm, M AF Takle, Eugene S. Anderson, Christopher J. Andresen, Jeffrey Angel, James Elmore, Roger W. Gramig, Benjamin M. Guinan, Patrick Hilberg, Steven Kluck, Doug Massey, Raymond Niyogi, Dev Schneider, Jeanne M. Shulski, Martha D. Todey, Dennis Widhalm, Melissa TI Climate Forecasts for Corn Producer Decision Making SO EARTH INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article DE Agriculture systems; Forecasting; Climate forecast; Seasonal forecast; Agriculture forecast; Decision calendar ID AGRICULTURAL-RISK-MANAGEMENT; UNITED-STATES; PREDICTION AB Corn is the most widely grown crop in the Americas, with annual production in the United States of approximately 332 million metric tons. Improved climate forecasts, together with climate-related decision tools for corn producers based on these improved forecasts, could substantially reduce uncertainty and increase profitability for corn producers. The purpose of this paper is to acquaint climate information developers, climate information users, and climate researchers with an overview of weather conditions throughout the year that affect corn production as well as forecast content and timing needed by producers. The authors provide a graphic depicting the climate-informed decision cycle, which they call the climate forecast-decision cycle calendar for corn. C1 [Takle, Eugene S.; Anderson, Christopher J.; Elmore, Roger W.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Andresen, Jeffrey] Michigan State Univ, Dept Geog, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Angel, James] Univ Illinois, Illinois State Water Survey, Champaign, IL USA. [Gramig, Benjamin M.] Purdue Univ, Dept Agr Econ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Guinan, Patrick] Univ Missouri, Dept Soil Environm & Atmospher Sci, Columbia, MO USA. [Hilberg, Steven] Univ Illinois, Midwestern Reg Climate Ctr, Champaign, IL USA. [Kluck, Doug] Natl Weather Serv Cent Reg, Kansas City, MO USA. [Massey, Raymond] Univ Missouri, Dept Agr & Appl Econ, Columbia, MO USA. [Niyogi, Dev] Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Niyogi, Dev] Purdue Univ, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Schneider, Jeanne M.] ARS, Great Plains Agroclimate & Nat Resources Res Unit, Grazinglands Res Lab, USDA, El Reno, OK USA. [Shulski, Martha D.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE USA. [Todey, Dennis] S Dakota State Univ, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Widhalm, Melissa] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Takle, ES (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, 2010 Agronomy Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM gstakle@iastate.edu RI Gramig, Benjamin/E-4387-2012 OI Gramig, Benjamin/0000-0001-8741-9856 FU USDA-NIFA [2011-68002-30220] FX This report is a product of the project Useful to Usable (U2U): Transforming Climate Variability and Change Information for Cereal Crop Producers, an interdisciplinary research and extension project involving 10 Midwestern universities supported by USDA-NIFA Award 2011-68002-30220. NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 18 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 1087-3562 J9 EARTH INTERACT JI Earth Interact. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 18 AR 5 DI 10.1175/2013EI000541.1 PG 8 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA AC8ZU UT WOS:000332824400001 ER PT J AU Pencharz, P Jahoor, F Kurpad, A Michaelsen, KF Slater, C Tome, D Weisell, R AF Pencharz, P. Jahoor, F. Kurpad, A. Michaelsen, K. F. Slater, C. Tome, D. Weisell, R. TI Current issues in determining dietary protein and amino-acid requirements SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Editorial Material ID NUTRITION-INTERVENTION-PROGRAM; OXIDATION; ADULTS C1 [Pencharz, P.] Univ Toronto, Hosp Sick Children, Dept Gastroenterol Nutr & Hepatol, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada. [Jahoor, F.] ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Houston, TX USA. [Kurpad, A.] St Johns Med Coll, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. [Michaelsen, K. F.] Univ Copenhagen, Fac Sci, Dept Nutr Exercise & Sports, Frederiksberg C, Denmark. [Slater, C.] IAEA, Nutr & Hlth Related Environm Studies Sect, Div Human Hlth, A-1400 Vienna, Austria. [Tome, D.] AgroParisTech, Nutr Physiol & Ingest Behav UMR0914, Paris, France. RP Pencharz, P (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Hosp Sick Children, Dept Gastroenterol Nutr & Hepatol, 555 Univ Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada. EM paul.pencharz@sickkids.ca NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 9 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0954-3007 EI 1476-5640 J9 EUR J CLIN NUTR JI Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 68 IS 3 BP 285 EP 286 DI 10.1038/ejcn.2013.297 PG 2 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AC6LL UT WOS:000332634300001 PM 24424080 ER PT J AU Mitri, J Nelson, J Ruthazer, R Garganta, C Nathan, DM Hu, FB Dawson-Hughes, B Pittas, AG AF Mitri, J. Nelson, J. Ruthazer, R. Garganta, C. Nathan, D. M. Hu, F. B. Dawson-Hughes, B. Pittas, A. G. CA Diabet Prevention Program Res Grp TI Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D and risk of metabolic syndrome: an ancillary analysis in the Diabetes Prevention Program SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE metabolic syndrome; vitamin D; diabetes; Diabetes Prevention Program ID SERUM VITAMIN-D; PARATHYROID-HORMONE LEVELS; LIFE-STYLE INTERVENTION; INSULIN-SECRETION; 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D-3; GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; NATIONAL-HEALTH; RAT PANCREAS; D DEFICIENCY; US ADULTS AB BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Low blood levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) have been associated with cardiometabolic disease but results are inconsistent. The objective of the study was to investigate the association of 25OHD with metabolic syndrome in a population at increased risk for diabetes. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Using baseline data from the placebo and lifestyle intervention arms of the Diabetes Prevention Program (N = 2000), multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds of prevalent metabolic syndrome and each of its individual components across 25OHD tertiles. Multivariable linear regression was used to estimate the adjusted mean difference of insulin secretion and sensitivity across the same 25OHD tertiles. In participants free of metabolic syndrome at baseline (N 546), incident metabolic syndrome in the first 2 years of follow-up was assessed using discrete-time proportional hazards regression to test its association with 25OHD concentration. RESULTS: After multivariate adjustment, participants in the highest tertile of 25OHD had lower odds of prevalent metabolic syndrome (odds ratio = 0.62; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.45-0.84), smaller waist circumference, higher high-density lipoprotein and lower fasting plasma glucose compared with participants in the lowest tertile of 25OHD. Higher plasma 25OHD concentration was associated with greater insulin sensitivity and lower insulin secretion. After multivariate adjustment, there was a nonsignificant lower risk of metabolic syndrome in the highest tertile of 25OHD (hazard ratio = 0.79; 95% CI = 0.48-1.32) compared with the lowest tertile. CONCLUSIONS: In a population at increased risk for diabetes, higher plasma 25OHD concentration was inversely associated with prevalent metabolic syndrome and nonsignificantly with incident metabolic syndrome. C1 [Mitri, J.; Dawson-Hughes, B.; Pittas, A. G.] Tufts Med Ctr, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Metab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Nelson, J.; Ruthazer, R.] Tufts Med Ctr, Inst Clin Res & Hlth Policy Studies, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Garganta, C.] Tufts Med Ctr, Floating Hosp Children, Dept Clin Genet, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Nathan, D. M.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Ctr Diabet, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Nathan, D. M.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Hu, F. B.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr & Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Hu, F. B.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Channing Lab, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Dawson-Hughes, B.] Tufts Univ, Bone Metab Lab, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Mitri, J (reprint author), Tufts Med Ctr, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Metab, Box 268,800 Washington St,268, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM joannamitri@hotmail.com FU National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease [R01DK79003, U34DK091958, U01DK098245]; Office Of The Director-National Institutes of Health; National Institutes of Health Office of Dietary Supplements; National Center for Research Resources [UL1RR025752]; National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) of the National Institutes of Health to the DPP clinical centers [U01DK48489]; Coordinating Center for the design and conduct of the DPP study; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; National Institute on Aging; National Eye Institute; National Heart Lung and Blood Institute; Office of Research on Women's Health; National Center for Minority Health and Human Disease; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Indian Health Service; American Diabetes Association FX We thank David Kent, MD MSc, Associate Professor of Medicine, Director of the Clinical and Translational Science MS/PhD Program at the Sackler School, for his valuable input into interpretation of the results. We also acknowledge the commitment and dedication of the DPP participants. A portion of the work was presented at the 2012 Endocrine Society meeting as an oral presentation, on 23 June 2012, in Houston, TX. This study was supported by research grants R01DK79003, U34DK091958 and U01DK098245 (to AGP) from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease, the Office Of The Director-National Institutes of Health, and the National Institutes of Health Office of Dietary Supplements; UL1RR025752 (to Tufts University) from the National Center for Research Resources and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health. The US Department of Agriculture Agreement 58-1950-9001 (to BDH); the Marilyn Fishman Grant for Diabetes Research (to JM) from the Endocrine Fellows Foundation; U01DK48489 from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) of the National Institutes of Health to the DPP clinical centers and the Coordinating Center for the design and conduct of the DPP study. The Southwestern American Indian Centers were supported directly by the NIDDK, including its Intramural Research Program, and the Indian Health Service. The General Clinical Research Center Program, National Center for Research Resources, supported data collection at many of the clinical centers. Funding was also provided by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, the National Institute on Aging, the National Eye Institute, the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, the Office of Research on Women's Health, the National Center for Minority Health and Human Disease, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Indian Health Service, and the American Diabetes Association. Lipha (Merck-Sante) provided medication. LifeScan Inc., Merck-Medco Managed Care, Inc., and Merck and Co. donated materials, equipment or medicines for concomitant conditions. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH or the above listed institutions. NR 48 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 7 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0954-3007 EI 1476-5640 J9 EUR J CLIN NUTR JI Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 68 IS 3 BP 376 EP 383 DI 10.1038/ejcn.2013.293 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AC6LL UT WOS:000332634300015 PM 24448494 ER PT J AU Rizzoli, R Dawson-Hughes, B Kaufman, JM Fardellone, P Brandi, ML Vellas, B Collette, J Reginster, JY AF Rizzoli, R. Dawson-Hughes, B. Kaufman, J-M Fardellone, P. Brandi, M. L. Vellas, B. Collette, J. Reginster, J-Y TI Correction of vitamin D insufficiency with combined strontium ranelate and vitamin D-3 in osteoporotic patients SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; D SUPPLEMENTATION; CALCIUM SUPPLEMENTATION; MANAGEMENT; EFFICACY; FRACTURE; SAFETY; FALLS; RISK AB Objective: This study aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of oral fixed-dose combination of strontium ranelate 2 g/vitamin D-3 1000 IU daily vs strontium ranelate 2 g daily for correcting vitamin D insufficiency in osteoporosis. Design: A 6-month international, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, phase 3 study. Methods: A total of 518 men and postmenopausal women aged >= 50 years with primary osteoporosis (T-score <= -2.5 S. D.) and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH) D) > 22.5 nmol/l were included. Patients were allocated to strontium ranelate 2 g/vitamin D-3 1000 IU daily (n=413) or strontium ranelate 2 g daily (n=105). The participants received calcium 1 g daily. The primary endpoint was serum 25(OH) D at last post-baseline evaluation during 3 months. Results: Both groups were comparable at baseline. Mean baseline of 25(OH) D was 44.1 +/- 14.6 nmol/l. After 3 months, the percentage of patients with 25(OH) D >= 50 nmol/l was higher with strontium ranelate/vitamin D3 vs strontium ranelate (84 vs 44%, P < 0.001; adjusted between-group odds ratio=6.7; 95% CI, 4.2-10.9). The efficacy of the fixed-dose combination on 25(OH) D was maintained at 6 months (86 vs 40%, P < 0.001). Mean 25(OH) D was 65.1 and 49.5 nmol/l, respectively, after 3 months and 66.9 and 45.4 nmol/l after 6 months. Physical performance improved in both groups. Falls were 17 and 20% in the strontium ranelate/vitamin D-3 and strontium ranelate groups respectively. Parathyroid hormone levels were inversely correlated with 25(OH) D. No clinically relevant differences in safety were observed. Conclusions: This study confirms the efficacy and safety of fixed-dose combination of strontium ranelate 2 g/vitamin D-3 1000 IU for correction of vitamin D insufficiency in osteoporotic patients. C1 [Rizzoli, R.] Univ Hosp Geneva, Div Bone Dis, Dept Internal Med Specialties, Fac Med, CH-1211 Geneva 14, Switzerland. [Dawson-Hughes, B.] Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr, Bone Metab Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Kaufman, J-M] Ghent Univ Hosp, Ghent, Belgium. [Fardellone, P.] Hop Nord Amiens, Amiens, France. [Brandi, M. L.] Univ Florence, Florence, Italy. [Vellas, B.] CHU La Grave, Toulouse, France. [Collette, J.; Reginster, J-Y] Univ Liege, Liege, Belgium. RP Rizzoli, R (reprint author), Univ Hosp Geneva, Div Bone Dis, Dept Internal Med Specialties, Fac Med, CH-1211 Geneva 14, Switzerland. EM rene.rizzoli@unige.ch FU Servier FX This study was supported by Servier. NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU BIOSCIENTIFICA LTD PI BRISTOL PA EURO HOUSE, 22 APEX COURT WOODLANDS, BRADLEY STOKE, BRISTOL BS32 4JT, ENGLAND SN 0804-4643 EI 1479-683X J9 EUR J ENDOCRINOL JI Eur. J. Endocrinol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 170 IS 3 BP 441 EP 450 DI 10.1530/EJE-13-0775 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA AC8KL UT WOS:000332781800014 PM 24322182 ER PT J AU Williams, WI Friedman, JM Gaskin, JF Norton, AP AF Williams, Wyatt I. Friedman, Jonathan M. Gaskin, John F. Norton, Andrew P. TI Hybridization of an invasive shrub affects tolerance and resistance to defoliation by a biological control agent SO EVOLUTIONARY APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE biological control; hybridization; latitudinal clines; rapid evolution; resistance; Tamarix sp; tolerance ID ELONGATA-DESERTICOLA COLEOPTERA; INCREASED COMPETITIVE ABILITY; INTRODUCED PLANT-POPULATIONS; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; SALTCEDARS TAMARIX SPP.; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; DIORHABDA-ELONGATA; LEAF BEETLE; SCHINUS-TEREBINTHIFOLIUS; GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION AB Evolution has contributed to the successful invasion of exotic plant species in their introduced ranges, but how evolution affects particular control strategies is still under evaluation. For instance, classical biological control, a common strategy involving the utilization of highly specific natural enemies to control exotic pests, may be negatively affected by host hybridization because of shifts in plant traits, such as root allocation or chemical constituents. We investigated introgression between two parent species of the invasive shrub tamarisk (Tamarix spp.) in the western United States, and how differences in plant traits affect interactions with a biological control agent. Introgression varied strongly with latitude of origin and was highly correlated with plant performance. Increased levels of T.ramosissima introgression resulted in both higher investment in roots and tolerance to defoliation and less resistance to insect attack. Because tamarisk hybridization occurs predictably on the western U.S. landscape, managers may be able to exploit this information to maximize control efforts. Genetic differentiation in plant traits in this system underpins the importance of plant hybridization and may explain why some biological control releases are more successful than others. C1 [Williams, Wyatt I.; Norton, Andrew P.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Williams, Wyatt I.] Oregon Dept Forestry, Private Forests Div, Salem, OR 97310 USA. [Friedman, Jonathan M.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Gaskin, John F.] ARS, USDA, Sidney, MT USA. RP Williams, WI (reprint author), Oregon Dept Forestry, Private Forests Div, 2600 State St Bldg D, Salem, OR 97310 USA. EM wwilliams@odf.state.or.us OI Friedman, Jonathan/0000-0002-1329-0663 FU Colorado State University Agricultural Experiment Station; NSF Research Coordination Network FX Funding was provided by the Colorado State University Agricultural Experiment Station and the NSF Research Coordination Network. We are grateful to R. Hufbauer, P. McEvoy, E. Coombs, F. Grevstad, and three anonymous reviewers who provided comments on the manuscript. D. Bean, L. Bjostad, and S. Nissen assisted with supplying insects, providing bioassay materials, and applying herbicide, respectively. NR 77 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 61 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1752-4571 J9 EVOL APPL JI Evol. Appl. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 7 IS 3 BP 381 EP 393 DI 10.1111/eva.12134 PG 13 WC Evolutionary Biology SC Evolutionary Biology GA AC9DL UT WOS:000332834400005 PM 24665340 ER PT J AU Eveland, AL Goldshmidt, A Pautler, M Morohashi, K Liseron-Monfils, C Lewis, MW Kumari, S Hiraga, S Yang, F Unger-Wallace, E Olson, A Hake, S Vollbrecht, E Grotewold, E Ware, D Jackson, D AF Eveland, Andrea L. Goldshmidt, Alexander Pautler, Michael Morohashi, Kengo Liseron-Monfils, Christophe Lewis, Michael W. Kumari, Sunita Hiraga, Susumu Yang, Fang Unger-Wallace, Erica Olson, Andrew Hake, Sarah Vollbrecht, Erik Grotewold, Erich Ware, Doreen Jackson, David TI Regulatory modules controlling maize inflorescence architecture SO GENOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ZINC-FINGER PROTEIN; FLOWERING TIME REGULATOR; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; MERISTEM IDENTITY; GENE-EXPRESSION; RAMOSA PATHWAY; DOMAIN PROTEIN; LEUCINE-ZIPPER; CELL-DIVISION AB Genetic control of branching is a primary determinant of yield, regulating seed number and harvesting ability, yet little is known about the molecular networks that shape grain-bearing inflorescences of cereal crops. Here, we used the maize (Zea mays) inflorescence to investigate gene networks that modulate determinacy, specifically the decision to allow branch growth. We characterized developmental transitions by associating spatiotemporal expression profiles with morphological changes resulting from genetic perturbations that disrupt steps in a pathway controlling branching. Developmental dynamics of genes targeted in vivo by the transcription factor RAMOSA1, a key regulator of determinacy, revealed potential mechanisms for repressing branches in distinct stem cell populations, including interactions with KNOTTED1, a master regulator of stem cell maintenance. Our results uncover discrete developmental modules that function in determining grass-specific morphology and provide a basis for targeted crop improvement and translation to other cereal crops with comparable inflorescence architectures. C1 [Eveland, Andrea L.; Goldshmidt, Alexander; Pautler, Michael; Liseron-Monfils, Christophe; Kumari, Sunita; Hiraga, Susumu; Yang, Fang; Olson, Andrew; Ware, Doreen; Jackson, David] Cold Spring Harbor Lab, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724 USA. [Morohashi, Kengo; Grotewold, Erich] Ohio State Univ, CAPS, Dept Mol Genet, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Lewis, Michael W.; Hake, Sarah] Univ Calif Berkeley, Plant & Microbial Biol Dept, USDA ARS, Ctr Plant Gene Express, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Hiraga, Susumu] Natl Food & Agr Res Org, NARO Inst Crop Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058518, Japan. [Unger-Wallace, Erica; Vollbrecht, Erik] Iowa State Univ, Dept Genet Dev & Cell Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Ware, Doreen] Cornell Univ, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, NAA, USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Ware, D (reprint author), Cold Spring Harbor Lab, POB 100, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724 USA. EM ware@cshl.edu; jacksond@cshl.edu RI Eveland, Andrea/M-9886-2014 OI Eveland, Andrea/0000-0003-4825-1282 FU NSF-PGRP [DBI-0604923, IOS-1125620]; USDA [1907-21000-030-00]; NSF Postdoctoral Fellowship in Biological Informatics [0805655]; BARD Postdoctoral Award [FI-431-2008]; USDA-NIFA Postdoctoral Fellowship [2011-67012-30740] FX We thank E. Ghibane and R. McCombie (CSHL) and the CSHL sequencing core for sequencing and quality control, T. Heywood and P. Van Buren (CSHL) for HPCC and development server maintenance, R. Schmidt and S. Stanfield (UCSD) for providing ear tissue RNA samples, M. Regulski (CSHL) for assistance in RNA-seq library preparation, N. Bolduc (PGEC; UC Berkeley) for sharing KN1 ChIP-seq data prior to publication, T. Brutnell and L. Wang (DDPSC) for providing RNA-seq library protocols prior to publication, T. Mulligan (CSHL) for farm management, and members of the Jackson and Ware labs, R. Schmidt and T. Brutnell for critical review of the manuscript. This work was supported by NSF-PGRP to D.J., E.V., and S.H. (DBI-0604923) and to E.G. (IOS-1125620); USDA to D.W. (1907-21000-030-00); NSF Postdoctoral Fellowship in Biological Informatics to A. L. E. (0805655); BARD Postdoctoral Award to A.G. (FI-431-2008); and a USDA-NIFA Postdoctoral Fellowship to M.W.L. (2011-67012-30740). NR 70 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 5 U2 34 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT PI COLD SPRING HARBOR PA 1 BUNGTOWN RD, COLD SPRING HARBOR, NY 11724 USA SN 1088-9051 EI 1549-5469 J9 GENOME RES JI Genome Res. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 24 IS 3 BP 431 EP 443 DI 10.1101/gr.166397.113 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA AC1HU UT WOS:000332246100007 PM 24307553 ER PT J AU Chumpitazi, BP Shulman, RJ AF Chumpitazi, Bruno P. Shulman, Robert J. TI Five Probiotic Drops a Day to Keep Infantile Colic Away? SO JAMA PEDIATRICS LA English DT Editorial Material ID PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; REUTERI DSM 17938; INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA; GUT MICROBIOTA; DOUBLE-BLIND; BRAIN C1 [Chumpitazi, Bruno P.; Shulman, Robert J.] Texas Childrens Hosp, Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Shulman, Robert J.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Chumpitazi, BP (reprint author), Texas Childrens Hosp, Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, 6701 Fannin St,CCC 1010-03, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM chumpita@bcm.edu FU NIDDK NIH HHS [P30 DK56338, P30 DK056338]; NINR NIH HHS [R01 NR005337, R01 NR013497, R01 NR05337] NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 2168-6203 EI 2168-6211 J9 JAMA PEDIATR JI JAMA Pediatr. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 168 IS 3 BP 204 EP 205 DI 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2013.5002 PG 2 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA AC8GR UT WOS:000332772000004 PM 24424486 ER PT J AU Hoover, JD Doesken, N Elder, K Laituri, M Liston, GE AF Hoover, Jamie D. Doesken, Nolan Elder, Kelly Laituri, Melinda Liston, Glen E. TI Temporal Trend Analyses of Alpine Data Using North American Regional Reanalysis and In Situ Data: Temperature, Wind Speed, Precipitation, and Derived Blowing Snow SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Snow cover; In situ atmospheric observations; Wind effects; North America; Model evaluation/performance ID UNITED-STATES; MODEL-CALCULATIONS; TRANSPORT MODEL; COVER PATTERNS; SIMULATIONS; CATCHMENT; WEATHER; TERRAIN; DISTRIBUTIONS; PREDICTION AB Across the globe, wind speed trends have shown a slight decline for in situ meteorological datasets. Yet few studies have assessed long-term wind speed trends for alpine regions or how such trends could influence snow transport and distribution. Alpine-region meteorological stations are sparsely distributed, and their records are short. To increase spatial and temporal coverage, use of modeled data is appealing, but the level of agreement between modeled and in situ data is unknown for alpine regions. Data agreement, temporal trends, and the potential effects on snow distribution were evaluated using two in situ sites in an alpine region [Niwot Ridge in Colorado and the Glacier Lakes Ecological Experiments Station (GLEES) in Wyoming] and the corresponding grid cells of the North American Regional Reanalysis (NARR). Temperature, precipitation, and wind speed variables were used to assess blowing-snow trends at annual, seasonal, and daily scales. The correlation between NARR and in situ datasets showed that temperature data were correlated but that wind speed and precipitation were not. NARR wind speed data were systematically lower when compared with in situ data, yet the frequency of wind events was captured. Overall, there were not many significant differences between NARR and in situ wind speed trends at annual, seasonal, and daily scales, aside from GLEES daily values. This finding held true even when trends presented opposite signatures and slopes, which was likely a result of low trend slopes. The lack of agreement between datasets prohibited the use of NARR to broaden analyses for blowing-snow dynamics in alpine regions. C1 [Hoover, Jamie D.; Doesken, Nolan; Laituri, Melinda] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Elder, Kelly] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Liston, Glen E.] Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Hoover, JD (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, 1401 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM j.d.full@gmail.com NR 60 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 18 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1558-8424 EI 1558-8432 J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 53 IS 3 BP 676 EP 693 DI 10.1175/JAMC-D-13-092.1 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AD2AL UT WOS:000333034700008 ER PT J AU Kochian, LV Lucas, WJ AF Kochian, Leon V. Lucas, William J. TI Plant mineral nutrient sensing and signaling SO JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Kochian, Leon V.] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Lucas, William J.] Univ Calif Davis, Coll Biol Sci, Dept Plant Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Kochian, LV (reprint author), Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. OI Kochian, Leon/0000-0003-3416-089X NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 28 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1672-9072 EI 1744-7909 J9 J INTEGR PLANT BIOL JI J. Integr. Plant Biol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 56 IS 3 BP 190 EP 191 DI 10.1111/jipb.12180 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA AC4WT UT WOS:000332522600001 ER PT J AU Liu, JP Pineros, MA Kochian, LV AF Liu, Jiping Pineros, Miguel A. Kochian, Leon V. TI The role of aluminum sensing and signaling in plant aluminum resistance SO JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE ALMT; aluminum resistance; aluminum signaling; aluminum toxicity; MATE ID TOXIC COMPOUND EXTRUSION; ORYZA-SATIVA L.; FINGER TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; REGULATES MULTIPLE GENES; TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L; ACTIVATED CITRATE; ROOT APICES; INTERNAL DETOXIFICATION; MALATE TRANSPORTERS; OXIDATIVE STRESS AB As researchers have gained a better understanding in recent years into the physiological, molecular, and genetic basis of how plants deal with aluminum (Al) toxicity in acid soils prevalent in the tropics and sub-tropics, it has become clear that an important component of these responses is the triggering and regulation of cellular pathways and processes by Al. In this review of plant Al signaling, we begin by summarizing the understanding of physiological mechanisms of Al resistance, which first led researchers to realize that Al stress induces gene expression and modifies protein function during the activation of Al resistance responses. Subsequently, an overview of Al resistance genes and their function provides verification that Al induction of gene expression plays a major role in Al resistance in many plant species. More recent research into the mechanistic basis for Al-induced transcriptional activation of resistance genes has led to the identification of several transcription factors as well as cis-elements in the promoters of Al resistance genes that play a role in greater Al-induced gene expression as well as higher constitutive expression of resistance genes in some plant species. Finally, the post-transcriptional and translational regulation of Al resistance proteins is addressed, where recent research has shown that Al can both directly bind to and alter activity of certain organic acid transporters, and also influence Al resistance proteins indirectly, via protein phosphorylation. Leon V. Kochian C1 [Liu, Jiping; Pineros, Miguel A.; Kochian, Leon V.] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Kochian, LV (reprint author), Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Tower Rd, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM leon.kochian@ars.usda.gov OI Kochian, Leon/0000-0003-3416-089X; Pineros, Miguel/0000-0002-7166-1848 NR 64 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 9 U2 88 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1672-9072 EI 1744-7909 J9 J INTEGR PLANT BIOL JI J. Integr. Plant Biol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 56 IS 3 BP 221 EP 230 DI 10.1111/jipb.12162 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA AC4WT UT WOS:000332522600003 PM 24417891 ER PT J AU Milner, MJ Pence, NS Liu, JP Kochian, LV AF Milner, Matthew J. Pence, Nicole S. Liu, Jiping Kochian, Leon V. TI Identification of a novel pathway involving a GATA transcription factor in yeast and possibly in plant Zn uptake and homeostasis SO JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE E2F transcription factor; GATA transcription factor; ZRT1; Zn homeostasis ID HYPERACCUMULATOR THLASPI-CAERULESCENS; METAL HYPERACCUMULATION; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY; ELEVATED EXPRESSION; ZINC HOMEOSTASIS; CADMIUM UPTAKE; GENES; TOLERANCE AB To gain a better understanding of the regulation of Zn homeostasis in plants and the degree of conservation of Zn homeostasis between plants and yeast, a cDNA library from the Zn/Cd hyperaccumulating plant species, Noccaea caerulescens, was screened for its ability to restore growth under Zn limiting conditions in the yeast mutant zap1. ZAP1 is a transcription factor that activates the Zn dependent transcription of yeast genes involved in Zn uptake, including ZRT1, the yeast high affinity Zn transporter. From this screen two members of the E2F family of transcription factors were found to activate ZRT1 expression in a Zn independent manner. The activation of ZRT1 by the plant E2F proteins involves E2F-mediated activation of a yeast GATA transcription factor which in turn activates ZRT1 expression. A ZRT1 promoter region necessary for activation by E2F and GATA proteins is upstream of two zinc responsive elements previously shown to bind ZAP1 in ZRT1. This activation may not involve direct binding of E2F to the ZRT1 promoter. The expression of E2F genes in yeast does not replace function of ZAP1; instead it appears to activate a novel GATA regulatory pathway involved in Zn uptake and homeostasis that is not Zn responsive. C1 [Milner, Matthew J.; Pence, Nicole S.; Liu, Jiping; Kochian, Leon V.] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Milner, Matthew J.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Kochian, LV (reprint author), Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM lvk1@cornell.edu RI Milner, Matthew/M-2430-2014 OI Kochian, Leon/0000-0003-3416-089X; Milner, Matthew/0000-0001-9184-7423 NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 21 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1672-9072 EI 1744-7909 J9 J INTEGR PLANT BIOL JI J. Integr. Plant Biol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 56 IS 3 BP 271 EP 280 DI 10.1111/jipb.12169 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA AC4WT UT WOS:000332522600007 PM 24433538 ER PT J AU Springer, YP Eisen, L Beati, L James, AM Eisen, RJ AF Springer, Yuri P. Eisen, Lars Beati, Lorenza James, Angela M. Eisen, Rebecca J. TI Spatial Distribution of Counties in the Continental United States With Records of Occurrence of Amblyomma americanum (Ixodida: Ixodidae) SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Amblyomma americanum; geographic distribution; surveillance; tick; vector ID LONE STAR TICK; WHITE-TAILED DEER; IXODES-SCAPULARIS; LYME-DISEASE; NEW-YORK; DERMACENTOR-VARIABILIS; BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI; ACARINA-IXODIDAE; HOST; EHRLICHIA AB In addition to being a major nuisance biter, the lone star tick, Amblyomma americanum ( L.), is increasingly recognized as an important vector of pathogens affecting humans, domestic animals, and wildlife. Despite its notoriety, efforts have been lacking to define the spatial occurrence of A. americanum in the continental United States with precision beyond that conveyed in continental-scale distribution maps. Here we present a county-level distribution map for A. americanum generated by compiling collection records obtained from a search of the published literature and databases managed by the USDA, U. S. National Tick Collection, and Walter Reed Biosystematics Unit. Our decadal and cumulative maps, which visually summarize 18,121 collections made between 1898 and 2012, show that A. americanum is either established (>= six ticks or >= two life stages) or reported (>= six ticks of a single life stage or number of ticks not specified) in 1,300 counties distributed among 39 states and the District of Columbia. Our cumulative map depicts a species with a core distributional area in the southern part of the eastern United States, but that also occurs further north, especially along the Atlantic Coast and into the Midwest. Although our decadal maps suggest a northward shift in the tick's distribution in recent decades, the lack of systematic tick surveillance makes this difficult to confirm. The data presented herein should aid in identifying areas posing risk for A. americanum-associated illnesses and environmental correlates that define the tick's distributional limits. C1 [Springer, Yuri P.] Natl Ecol Observ Network, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [Springer, Yuri P.; Eisen, Rebecca J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Enter & Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. [Eisen, Lars] Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Beati, Lorenza] Georgia So Univ, Inst Arthropodol & Parasitol, Statesboro, GA 30460 USA. [James, Angela M.] USDA APHIS, Vet Serv, Ctr Epidemiol, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [James, Angela M.] USDA APHIS, Vet Serv, Ctr Anim Hlth, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Springer, YP (reprint author), Natl Ecol Observ Network, 1685 38th St Ste 100, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. EM yurispringer@gmail.com FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [1026146] FX We thank D. Gudex-Cross for help with location verification of geocoded collection records, R. Cortinas for discussions about the distribution of A. americanum in Nebraska, and staff of the NVSL Pathobiology laboratory for tick identification records included in CEAH's tick geodatabase. L. Beati was supported by National Science Foundation (NSF) grant 1026146. NR 55 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 3 U2 36 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 EI 1938-2928 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 51 IS 2 BP 342 EP 351 DI 10.1603/ME13115 PG 10 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA AC5CW UT WOS:000332539500005 PM 24724282 ER PT J AU Rajamohan, A Rinehart, JP Leopold, RA AF Rajamohan, Arun Rinehart, Joseph P. Leopold, Roger A. TI Cryopreservation of Embryos of Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae) SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Lucilia sericata; green blowfly; cryopreservation; permeabilization; Diptera ID ROTUNDATA HYMENOPTERA-MEGACHILIDAE; COCHLIOMYIA-HOMINIVORAX DIPTERA; COLD-STORAGE; DROSOPHILA EMBRYOS; MAGGOT THERAPY; CULEX-PIPIENS; PERMEABILIZATION; LEPIDOPTERA; PYRALIDAE; SURVIVAL AB Embryos of Lucilia (Phaenicia) sericata (Meigen) (Diptera: Calliphoridae), the green blowfly, were successfully cryopreserved by vitrification in liquid nitrogen and stored for 8 yr. Embryos incubated at 19 degrees C for 17 h after oviposition were found to be the most appropriate stage to cryopreserve. Removal of the embryonic surface water was done using 2-propanol before the alkane treatment to permeabilize the embryo. Exposure to 2-propanol for >10 s caused necrotic tissue damage in the embryos. Among the alkanes used, hexane was found to be a superior permeabilizing solvent compared with heptane or octane, with embryo hatching rates on par with the controls. Treatment with the vitrification solution for <12 min was insufficient to vitrify the embryos. Treatment time in the solution beyond 15 min reduced embryo viability. However, the percentage of embryos vitrifying upon exposure to liquid nitrogen vapor remained constant after 12 min of treatment. Long-term storage was initiated in 2004, and the mean hatch percentage recorded then for the short-term cryopreserved embryos was 9.51%. When the long-term stored samples were retrieved in 2012, 8.47% of the embryos hatched, 66.36% larvae pupariated, and 36.96% of the pupae eclosed. Recent optimization of the technique has resulted in a hatch rate of 34.08 +/- 15.5%, of which 67.5% of the larvae pupariated and 72% of the pupae eclosed to normal flies. C1 [Rajamohan, Arun] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Entomol, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Rinehart, Joseph P.; Leopold, Roger A.] ARS, USDA, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. RP Rinehart, JP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Biosci Res Lab, 1605 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM joseph.rinehart@ars.usda.gov NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 9 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 EI 1938-2928 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 51 IS 2 BP 360 EP 367 DI 10.1603/ME13188 PG 8 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA AC5CW UT WOS:000332539500007 PM 24724284 ER PT J AU Shang, F Wilmarth, PA Chang, ML Liu, K David, LL Caceres, MA Wawrousek, E Taylor, A AF Shang, Fu Wilmarth, Phillip A. Chang, Min-lee Liu, Ke David, Larry L. Caceres, Maria Andrea Wawrousek, Eric Taylor, Allen TI Newborn Mouse Lens Proteome and Its Alteration by Lysine 6 Mutant Ubiquitin SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE proteomics; mass spectrometry; mouse lens; nuclear cataract; ubiquitin; proteasome ID PIGMENT EPITHELIAL-CELLS; PROTEASOME PATHWAY; NUCLEAR CATARACTS; QUALITY CONTROL; B-CRYSTALLIN; EYE LENS; PROTEINS; MUTATION; DEGRADATION; EXPRESSION AB Ubiquitin is a tag that often initiates degradation of proteins by the proteasome in the ubiquitin proteasome system. Targeted expression of K6W mutant ubiquitin (K6W-Ub) in the lens results in defects in lens development and cataract formation, suggesting critical functions for ubiquitin in lens. To study the developmental processes that require intact ubiquitin, we executed the most extensive characterization of the lens proteome to date. We quantified lens protein expression changes in multiple replicate pools of PI wild-type and K6W-Ub-expressing mouse lenses. Lens proteins were digested with trypsin, peptides were separated using strong cation exchange and reversed-phase liquid chromatography, and tandem mass (MS/MS) spectra were collected with a linear ion trap. Transgenic mice that expressed low levels of K6W-Ub (low expressers) had normal, clear lenses at birth, whereas the lenses that expressed high levels of K6W-Ub (higher expressers) had abnormal lenses and cataracts at birth. A total of 2052 proteins were identified, of which 996 were reliably quantified and compared between wild-type and K6W-Ub transgenic mice. Consistent with a delayed developmental program, fiber-cell-specific proteins, such as gamma-crystallins (gamma A, gamma B, gamma C, and gamma E), were down-regulated in K6W-Ub higher expressers. Up-regulated proteins were involved in energy metabolism, signal transduction, and proteolysis. The K6W-Ub low expressers exhibited delayed onset and milder cataract consistent with smaller changes in protein expression. Because lens protein expression changes occurred prior to lens morphological abnormalities and cataract formation in K6W-Ub low expressers, it appears that expression of K6W-Ub sets in motion a process of altered protein expression that results in developmental defects and cataract. C1 [Shang, Fu; Chang, Min-lee; Liu, Ke; Caceres, Maria Andrea; Taylor, Allen] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Wilmarth, Phillip A.; David, Larry L.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Portland, OR 97239 USA. [Wawrousek, Eric] NEI, Genet Engn Core, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Shang, F (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington Steet, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM fu.shang@tufts.edu; allen.taylor@tufts.edu FU NIH [EY 013250, EY 021212, EY 011717, EY 007755, EY 010572]; USDA [1950-510000-060-01A] FX This work is supported by NIH grants EY 013250, EY 021212, EY 011717, EY 007755, and EY 010572 and USDA contract 1950-510000-060-01A. NR 69 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1535-3893 EI 1535-3907 J9 J PROTEOME RES JI J. Proteome Res. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 13 IS 3 BP 1177 EP 1189 DI 10.1021/pr400801v PG 13 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA AC8AV UT WOS:000332756300002 PM 24450463 ER PT J AU Weltz, MA Spaeth, K Taylor, MH Rollins, K Pierson, F Jolley, L Nearing, M Goodrich, D Hernandez, M Nouwakpo, SK Rossi, C AF Weltz, Mark A. Spaeth, Ken Taylor, Michael H. Rollins, Kimberly Pierson, Fred Jolley, Leonard Nearing, Mark Goodrich, Dave Hernandez, Mariano Nouwakpo, Sayjro K. Rossi, Colleen TI Cheatgrass invasion and woody species encroachment in the Great Basin: Benefits of conservation SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; RANGELANDS; FIRE; MANAGEMENT; DYNAMICS; WILDFIRE; EVENTS C1 [Weltz, Mark A.] ARS, USDA, Reno, NV 89512 USA. [Spaeth, Ken] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Ft Worth, TX USA. [Taylor, Michael H.; Rollins, Kimberly; Nouwakpo, Sayjro K.] Univ Nevada Reno, Reno, NV USA. [Pierson, Fred] ARS, USDA, Boise, ID USA. [Jolley, Leonard] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Napa, CA USA. [Nearing, Mark; Goodrich, Dave] ARS, USDA, Tucson, AZ USA. [Hernandez, Mariano] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA. [Rossi, Colleen] Bur Land Management, Denver, CO USA. RP Weltz, MA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Reno, NV 89512 USA. RI Rollins, Kimberly/N-9092-2013 OI Rollins, Kimberly/0000-0002-0720-006X FU Nevada Agricultural Experiment Station; Joint Fire Science Program, through SageSTEP; USDA Agricultural Research Service's Area-wide Pest Management Program for Annual Grasses in the Great Basin Ecosystem FX We thank Laura Weltz, geographical information specialist and USDA Agricultural Research Service volunteer, Reno, Nevada, for assisting with data analysis and Christo Morris, instructor, Oregon State University Program at Eastern Oregon University, LaGrange, Oregon, for supplying photographs of soil erosion. Support for this research was provided by the USDA Rangeland Research Program and the NRCS Conservation Effects Assessment Project. We acknowledge support from the Nevada Agricultural Experiment Station, the Joint Fire Science Program, through SageSTEP, and the USDA Agricultural Research Service's Area-wide Pest Management Program for Annual Grasses in the Great Basin Ecosystem. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 24 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 EI 1941-3300 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 69 IS 2 BP 39A EP 44A DI 10.2489/jswc.69.2.39A PG 6 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA AC8MQ UT WOS:000332787600003 ER PT J AU Trozzo, KE Munsell, JF Chamberlain, JL Aust, WM AF Trozzo, K. E. Munsell, J. F. Chamberlain, J. L. Aust, W. M. TI Potential adoption of agroforestry riparian buffers based on landowner and streamside characteristics SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE conservation buffers; conservation plantings; landowner segmentation; native species; riparian forest buffers; small scale forestry ID UNITED-STATES; FOREST; PERCEPTIONS; MANAGEMENT; WATERSHEDS; VEGETATION AB Riparian forest buffers provide numerous environmental benefits, yet obstacles to landowner adoption are many. One barrier is the perception that riparian forest buffers are used for conservation at the expense of production. We present a study that focused on why landowners are more or less inclined to adopt native fruit and nut tree agroforestry riparian buffers that achieve both. We surveyed owners of nonforested streamsides in three Virginia watersheds and grouped survey respondents into three segments: (1) stream-source livestock producers, (2) alternative-source livestock producers, and (3) nonproducers. We also measured the importance owners place on management outcomes, their beliefs about riparian forest buffer effectiveness, and their reaction to potential benefits associated with using native fruit and nut tree agroforestry systems. We then tested whether these variables differ among streamside owner segments. Differences were observed in importance of land use outcomes, riparian buffer beliefs, and responses to potential benefits of native fruit and nut tree systems. A geographic information system was used to study streamside characteristics, which varied across owner segments in total potential planting space but differed more so in the total amount of erodible soil that could be conserved through the use of native fruit and nut tree buffers. Results suggest that conservation programs focused on native agroforestry systems would benefit by prioritizing and tailoring initiatives according to social and biophysical variables. C1 [Trozzo, K. E.; Munsell, J. F.; Aust, W. M.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Chamberlain, J. L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Blacksburg, VA USA. RP Trozzo, KE (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. FU USDA National Agroforestry Center FX The authors would like to thank the USDA National Agroforestry Center for their support. Additional thanks goes to Fred Garst of the Natural Resources Conservation Service, Beth Stein, Elizabeth Moore, Lukas Burgher, Yujuan Chen, and finally, the survey participants NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 17 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 EI 1941-3300 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 69 IS 2 BP 140 EP 150 DI 10.2489/jswc.69.2.140 PG 11 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA AC8MQ UT WOS:000332787600012 ER PT J AU Lizotte, RE Knight, SS Locke, MA Bingner, RL AF Lizotte, R. E., Jr. Knight, S. S. Locke, M. A. Bingner, R. L. TI Influence of integrated watershed-scale agricultural conservation practices on lake water quality SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE best management practices; oxbow lake; Secchi depth; total dissolved solids; total suspended solids ID MANAGEMENT-PRACTICES; MISSOURI RESERVOIRS; OXBOW LAKES; SUSPENDED SEDIMENT; LIGHT ATTENUATION; UNITED-STATES; NUTRIENTS; DYNAMICS; RESOURCES; SOLIDS AB Watershed-scale management efforts to improve conservation of water resources in agricultural watersheds depend upon the effectiveness of integrated multiple agricultural best management practices (BMPs). To more comprehensively assess the effectiveness of combined BMPs on water quality requires large-scale, long-term (> 10 year) studies measuring key water quality parameters. One such suite of critical water quality parameters includes water clarity, total suspended solids (TSS), and total dissolved solids (TDS). To address this, Beasley Lake, a 25 ha (62 ac) oxbow lake located in a 915 ha (2,261 ac) watershed of intensive row crop agricultural activity, was studied. The lake was sediment impaired when monitoring was initiated in 1995 and was a candidate to assess the effectiveness of watershed-wide BMPs on lake water clarity (as Secchi depth), TSS concentrations, and TDS. A variety of BMPs within row crop fields, at field edges throughout the watershed, and enrollment of 112 ha (277 ac) into the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) between 1997 to 2006 focused on reducing soil erosion and concomitant sediment runoff. Selected parameters were measured approximately biweekly from 1996 to 2009. During this 14-year period, changes in row crop management and BMP implementations and alterations were observed and recorded in conjunction with targeted water quality parameters. While annual improvement in water quality occurred, distinct seasonal effects were noticeable. Observed changes in water clarity and TSS concentrations were greatest during spring and least in winter in association with increased BMPs, vegetated buffer strips west of the lake, and CRP north of the lake. Observed decreases in TDS concentrations were greatest during summer and fall in association with implemented CRP north of the lake. Reductions in spring TSS by > 60% often directly increased spring water clarity by > 100%. Results of this study indicate clear improvement in lake water quality with watershed-wide implementation of integrated multiple agricultural BMPs, and these improvements, manifested most strongly during spring, will assist to promote a healthy, sustainable lake ecosystem. C1 [Lizotte, R. E., Jr.; Knight, S. S.; Locke, M. A.; Bingner, R. L.] ARS, Water Qual & Ecol Res Unit, Natl Sedimentat Lab, USDA, Oxford, MS USA. RP Lizotte, RE (reprint author), ARS, Water Qual & Ecol Res Unit, Natl Sedimentat Lab, USDA, Oxford, MS USA. NR 41 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 23 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 EI 1941-3300 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 69 IS 2 BP 160 EP 170 DI 10.2489/jswc.69.2.160 PG 11 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA AC8MQ UT WOS:000332787600014 ER PT J AU Segura, C Sun, G McNulty, S Zhang, Y AF Segura, Catalina Sun, G. McNulty, S. Zhang, Y. TI Potential impacts of climate change on soil erosion vulnerability across the conterminous United States SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE climate change; erosivity factor; extreme events; precipitation; Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation; soil erosion ID LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM; RAINFALL EROSIVITY; MODEL SIMULATION; SEDIMENT YIELD; COUPLED MODEL; WATER-QUALITY; LOSS EQUATION; RIVER-BASIN; LAND-USE; RUSLE AB Rainfall runoff erosivity (R) is one key climate factor that controls water erosion. Quantifying the effects of climate change-induced erosivity change is important for identifying critical regions prone to soil erosion under a changing environment. In this study we first evaluate the changes of R from 1970 to 2090 across the United States under nine climate conditions predicted by three general circulation models for three emissions scenarios (A2, A1B, and B1) from the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Then, we identify watersheds that are most vulnerable to future climate change in terms of soil erosion potential. We develop a novel approach to evaluate future trends of R magnitude and variance by incorporating both the rate of change with time as well as the level of agreement between climatic projections. Our results show that mean decadal R values would increase with time according to all nine climatic projections considered between 1970 and 2090. However, these trends vary widely spatially. In general, catchments in the northeastern and northwestern United States are characterized by strong increasing trends in R, while the trends in the midwestern and southwestern United States are either weak or inconsistent among the nine climatic projections considered. The northeastern and northwestern United States will likely experience a significant increase in annual variability of R (i.e., increase in extreme events). Conversely the variability of R is unlikely to change in large areas of the Midwest. At the watershed scale (8-digit Hydrologic Unit Code), the mean vulnerability to erosion scores vary between -0.12 and 0.35 with a mean of 0.04. The five hydrologic regions with the highest mean vulnerability to erosion are 5, 6, 2, 1, and 17, with values varying between 0.06 and 0.09. These regions occupy large areas of Ohio, Maryland, Indiana, Vermont, and Illinois, with mean erosion vulnerability score statewide above 0.08. Future watershed management aiming at reducing soil erosion should focus on areas with the highest soil erosion vulnerability identified by this study. C1 [Segura, Catalina] Oregon State Univ, Forestry Engn Resources & Management Dept, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Sun, G.; McNulty, S.] US Forest Serv, Eastern Forest Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, USDA, Raleigh, NC USA. [Zhang, Y.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Segura, C (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Forestry Engn Resources & Management Dept, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RI Segura, Catalina/O-1379-2013 FU National Science Foundation EaSM program at North Carolina State University [AGS-1049200]; USDA Forest Service Eastern Environmental Threat Assessment Center in Raleigh, North Carolina FX This study is funded by the National Science Foundation EaSM program (AGS-1049200) at North Carolina State University. Partial support was provided by USDA Forest Service Eastern Environmental Threat Assessment Center in Raleigh, North Carolina. We also thank Peter Caldwell with the USDA Forest Service, Jeremy Freimund with the Lummi Natural Resources Department for useful discussions, and Erika Cohen and Jennifer Moore Myers with the USDA Forest Service for help with geographic information systems processing. Finally, we would like to thank two anonymous reviewers for providing insightful suggestions. NR 64 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 70 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 EI 1941-3300 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 69 IS 2 BP 171 EP 181 DI 10.2489/jswc.69.2.171 PG 11 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA AC8MQ UT WOS:000332787600015 ER PT J AU Dame, DA Meisch, MV Lewis, CN Kline, DL Clark, GG AF Dame, David A. Meisch, Max V. Lewis, Carolyn N. Kline, Daniel L. Clark, Gary G. TI FIELD EVALUATION OF FOUR SPATIAL REPELLENT DEVICES AGAINST ARKANSAS RICE-LAND MOSQUITOES SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE CO2; octenol; surrogate human; Anopheles quadrimaculatus; Culex erraticus; Psorophora columbiae ID IMPREGNATED PLASTIC STRIPS; METOFLUTHRIN; DIPTERA; PSYCHODIDAE; CULICIDAE; EFFICACY; BITES AB Four commercially available spatial repellent devices were tested in a rice-land habitat near Stuttgart, AR, after semi-field level assessments had been made at the Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture in Gainesville, FL. OFF! Clip-On (R) (metofluthrin), Mosquito Cognito (R) (linalool), No-Pest Strip (R) (dichlorvos), and ThermaCELLH (R) (d-cis/trans allethrin) were selected for this study from >20 candidate products. The units based on metofluthrin, linalool, or d-cis/trans allethrin significantly reduced captures of 1 or more of the mosquito species at surrogate human sites (unlit Centers for Disease Control and Prevention traps with CO2 and octenol). Among the mosquito species analyzed statistically (Anopheles quadrimaculatus, Culex erraticus, and Psorophora columbiae), there were significantly different responses (up to 84% reduction) to individual products, suggesting that combinations of certain spatial repellents might provide significantly greater protection. C1 [Dame, David A.] Entomol Serv, Gainesville, FL 32605 USA. [Meisch, Max V.; Lewis, Carolyn N.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Entomol, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Kline, Daniel L.; Clark, Gary G.] ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Dame, DA (reprint author), Entomol Serv, Gainesville, FL 32605 USA. FU Deployed War-Fighter Protection Research Program under USDA specific [58-6615-9-202] FX Mosquito identifications in 2010 were performed by Joyce Urban and Aaron Lloyd at the CMAVE laboratory. Douglas Karcher, University of Arkansas (UA), Fayetteville, AR, Joyce Urban, and Jerry Hogsette independently conducted statistical analyses of the collections. This study could not have been conducted without the assistance and support of Ryan Allen (UA), Christopher Duren (Director, RREC), and John Bernhardt (RREC). Funding was provided in part by the Deployed War-Fighter Protection Research Program under USDA specific cooperative agreement 58-6615-9-202. NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 12 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI MOUNT LAUREL PA 15000 COMMERCE PARKWAY, SUITE C, MOUNT LAUREL, NJ 08054 USA SN 8756-971X EI 1943-6270 J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 30 IS 1 BP 31 EP 36 DI 10.2987/13-6379.1 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AC8NI UT WOS:000332789500004 PM 24772674 ER PT J AU Pepin, KM Spackman, E Brown, JD Pabilonia, KL Garber, LP Weaver, JT Kennedy, DA Patyk, KA Huyvaert, KP Miller, RS Franklin, AB Pedersen, K Bogich, TL Rohani, P Shriner, SA Webb, CT Riley, S AF Pepin, K. M. Spackman, E. Brown, J. D. Pabilonia, K. L. Garber, L. P. Weaver, J. T. Kennedy, D. A. Patyk, K. A. Huyvaert, K. P. Miller, R. S. Franklin, A. B. Pedersen, K. Bogich, T. L. Rohani, P. Shriner, S. A. Webb, C. T. Riley, S. TI Using quantitative disease dynamics as a tool for guiding response to avian influenza in poultry in the United States of America SO PREVENTIVE VETERINARY MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE Avian influenza; USA; Between-farm spread; Disease-dynamic model; Quantitative data; Poultry ID MALLARDS ANAS-PLATYRHYNCHOS; LIVE-BIRD MARKETS; MONTE-CARLO-SIMULATION; SWINE-FEVER EPIDEMICS; LOW-PATHOGENICITY; WILD BIRDS; A VIRUSES; ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSMISSION; BIOLOGIC CHARACTERIZATION; HETEROSUBTYPIC IMMUNITY AB Wild birds are the primary source of genetic diversity for influenza A viruses that eventually emerge in poultry and humans. Much progress has been made in the descriptive ecology of avian influenza viruses (AIVs), but contributions are less evident from quantitative studies (e.g., those including disease dynamic models). Transmission between host species, individuals and flocks has not been measured with sufficient accuracy to allow robust quantitative evaluation of alternate control protocols. We focused on the United States of America (USA) as a case study for determining the state of our quantitative knowledge of potential AIV emergence processes from wild hosts to poultry. We identified priorities for quantitative research that would build on existing tools for responding to AIV in poultry and concluded that the following knowledge gaps can be addressed with current empirical data: (1) quantification of the spatio-temporal relationships between AIV prevalence in wild hosts and poultry populations, (2) understanding how the structure of different poultry sectors impacts within-flock transmission, (3) determining mechanisms and rates of between-farm spread, and (4) validating current policy-decision tools with data. The modeling studies we recommend will improve our mechanistic understanding of potential AIV transmission patterns in USA poultry, leading to improved measures of accuracy and reduced uncertainty when evaluating alternative control strategies. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Pepin, K. M.; Webb, C. T.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Pepin, K. M.; Kennedy, D. A.; Bogich, T. L.; Rohani, P.; Webb, C. T.; Riley, S.] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Spackman, E.] ARS, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA USA. [Brown, J. D.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Populat Hlth, Athens, GA USA. [Pabilonia, K. L.] Colorado State Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Garber, L. P.; Weaver, J. T.; Patyk, K. A.; Miller, R. S.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ctr Epidemiol, USDA, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Garber, L. P.; Weaver, J. T.; Patyk, K. A.; Miller, R. S.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ctr Anim Hlth, USDA, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Kennedy, D. A.] Penn State Univ, Dept Biol, Ctr Infect Dis Dynam, State Coll, PA USA. [Huyvaert, K. P.] Colorado State Univ, Warner Coll Nat Resources, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Franklin, A. B.; Pedersen, K.; Shriner, S. A.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, USDA, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Bogich, T. L.] Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Rohani, P.] Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ctr Study Complex Syst, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Riley, S.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, MRC Ctr Outbreak Anal & Modelling, London W2 1PG, England. RP Pepin, KM (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, MRC Ctr Outbreak Anal & Modelling, Norfolk Pl, London W2 1PG, England. EM kimpepin@gmail.com; Erica.Spackman@ars.usda.gov; jubrown1@uga.edu; Kristy.Pabilonia@ColoState.edu; Lindsey.p.Garber@aphis.usda.gov; Todd.Weaver@aphis.usda.gov; dak30@psu.edu; Kelly.A.Patyk@aphis.usda.gov; kate.huyvaert@colostate.edu; Ryan.S.Miller@aphis.usda.gov; alan.b.franklin@aphis.usda.gov; Kerri.Pedersen@aphis.usda.gov; tiff.bogich@gmail.com; rohani@uga.edu; susan.a.shriner@aphis.usda.gov; Colleen.Webb@colostate.edu; s.riley@imperial.ac.uk RI Huyvaert, Kathryn/A-2710-2009; OI Huyvaert, Kathryn/0000-0003-3302-030X; Bogich, Tiffany/0000-0002-8143-5289; Shriner, Susan/0000-0003-0349-7182; Miller, Ryan/0000-0003-3892-0251 FU RAPIDD program of the Science and Technology Directorate, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Fogarty International Center, NIH; Wellcome Trust [093488/Z/10/Z]; Medical Research Council (UK) [MR/J008761/1] FX Thanks to the RAPIDD program of the Science and Technology Directorate, U.S. Department of Homeland Security, and the Fogarty International Center, NIH for funding the workshop and this output. SR thanks The Wellcome Trust (093488/Z/10/Z) and The Medical Research Council (UK, MR/J008761/1) for support. Also, thanks to Kim Forde-Folle for providing expert opinion and helpful comments on the manuscript. NR 154 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-5877 EI 1873-1716 J9 PREV VET MED JI Prev. Vet. Med. PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 113 IS 4 BP 376 EP 397 DI 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2013.11.011 PG 22 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AC8UJ UT WOS:000332810300004 PM 24462191 ER PT J AU Forcella, F AF Forcella, Frank TI Short- and full- season soybean in stale seedbeds versus rolled- crimped winter rye mulch SO RENEWABLE AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE cover crop; false seedbed; hand-weeding; late planting; organic; weed control ID COVER-CROP; WEED-CONTROL; BIOMASS PRODUCTION; FARMING SYSTEMS; SEEDING RATE; MANAGEMENT; TILLAGE AB Stale seedbeds are used by organic growers to reduce weed populations prior to crop planting. Rye mulches, derived from mechanically killed (rolled and crimped) winter rye cover crops, can serve the same purpose for spring-planted organic crops. Both methods can also be employed by conventional growers who face looming problems with herbicide resistant weeds. The objective of this research was to compare these methods over 2 years in central Minnesota in terms of weed seedling emergence, populations, biomass and manual-weeding times, as well as stands and yields of short-season and full-season soybean varieties planted late, in mid June. Rye mulch greatly lowered both pre- and post-planting weed populations of common annual weeds, which substantially affected necessity for augmented weed control. For instance, the need for within-crop manual-weeding was low for soybean planted into rye mulch (0-6hha(-1)), but ranged from 15 to 66hha(-1) of labor for soybean planted in stale seedbeds and augmented by inter-row cultivation. However, rye mulch lowered soybean yield potential by 800-1000kgha(-1) compared with stale seedbeds in 1 of 2 years. With organic feed-grade soybean seed valued at $1kg(-1), conventional soybean seed at $0.5kg(-1), and labor for manual-weeding at $10h(-1), the use of rye mulch compared with stale seedbeds augmented by manual-weeding are equally rational choices for organic growers in central Minnesota (assuming labor is available for hand-weeding), but rye mulches probably would be a wise financial option for conventional growers compared with hand-weeding. Lastly, full-season soybean had higher yields than short-season soybean and probably represents a prudent selection in central Minnesota, regardless of the late planting date requirements for both the rye mulch and stale seedbed systems. C1 USDA ARS, N Cent Soil Conservat Res Lab, Morris, MN 56267 USA. RP Forcella, F (reprint author), USDA ARS, N Cent Soil Conservat Res Lab, 803 Iowa Ave, Morris, MN 56267 USA. EM frank.forcella@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 19 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1742-1705 EI 1742-1713 J9 RENEW AGR FOOD SYST JI Renew. Agr. Food Syst. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 29 IS 1 BP 92 EP 99 DI 10.1017/S1742170512000373 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA AD0XH UT WOS:000332957200008 ER PT J AU Sacco, RE McGill, JL Pillatzki, AE Palmer, MV Ackermann, MR AF Sacco, R. E. McGill, J. L. Pillatzki, A. E. Palmer, M. V. Ackermann, M. R. TI Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Cattle SO VETERINARY PATHOLOGY LA English DT Review DE acquired immunity; cattle; vaccines; diagnosis; innate immunity; pathology; epidemiology; respiratory syncytial virus ID NONSTRUCTURAL PROTEINS NS1; DENDRITIC CELLS; MATERNAL ANTIBODIES; INTERFERON-GAMMA; G-GLYCOPROTEIN; T-CELLS; INACTIVATED VACCINE; LUNG PATHOLOGY; BOVINE MODEL; DAIRY HERDS AB Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a cause of respiratory disease in cattle worldwide. It has an integral role in enzootic pneumonia in young dairy calves and summer pneumonia in nursing beef calves. Furthermore, bovine RSV infection can predispose calves to secondary bacterial infection by organisms such as Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, and Histophilus somni, resulting in bovine respiratory disease complex, the most prevalent cause of morbidity and mortality among feedlot cattle. Even in cases where animals do not succumb to bovine respiratory disease complex, there can be long-term losses in production performance. This includes reductions in feed efficiency and rate of gain in the feedlot, as well as reproductive performance, milk production, and longevity in the breeding herd. As a result, economic costs to the cattle industry from bovine respiratory disease have been estimated to approach $1 billion annually due to death losses, reduced performance, and costs of vaccinations and treatment modalities. Human and bovine RSV are closely related viruses with similarities in histopathologic lesions and mechanisms of immune modulation induced following infection. Therefore, where appropriate, we provide comparisons between RSV infections in humans and cattle. This review article discusses key aspects of RSV infection of cattle, including epidemiology and strain variability, clinical signs and diagnosis, experimental infection, gross and microscopic lesions, innate and adaptive immune responses, and vaccination strategies. C1 [Sacco, R. E.; McGill, J. L.; Palmer, M. V.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Pillatzki, A. E.; Ackermann, M. R.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA USA. RP Sacco, RE (reprint author), Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ruminant Dis & Immunol Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM randy.sacco@ars.usda.gov NR 98 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 5 U2 30 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0300-9858 EI 1544-2217 J9 VET PATHOL JI Vet. Pathol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 51 IS 2 SI SI BP 427 EP 436 DI 10.1177/0300985813501341 PG 10 WC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences SC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences GA AC6DC UT WOS:000332610500011 PM 24009269 ER PT J AU O'Toole, D Li, H AF O'Toole, D. Li, H. TI The Pathology of Malignant Catarrhal Fever, With an Emphasis on Ovine Herpesvirus 2 SO VETERINARY PATHOLOGY LA English DT Review DE vasculitis; alcelaphine herpesvirus 1; cattle; malignant catarrhal fever; bison; virus; sheep; ovine herpesvirus 2 ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; BISON BISON-BISON; BUFFALO BUBALUS-BUBALIS; LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; SHEEP-ASSOCIATED AGENT; REAL-TIME PCR; ALCELAPHINE HERPESVIRUS-1; ODOCOILEUS-VIRGINIANUS; NASAL SECRETIONS; SIKA-DEER AB The enigmatic pathogenesis of malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) involves dysregulated immune responses in susceptible ruminant species. Economically important outbreaks of MCF are due to 2 of the 10 viruses currently comprising the malignant catarrhal fever virus group: ovine herpesvirus 2 (OvHV-2) and alcelaphine herpesvirus 1 (AlHV-1). Attempts to develop effective vaccines for this group of viruses in the 1970s were sufficiently discouraging that they were temporarily abandoned. This review focuses on recent efforts to understand the pathogenesis of MCF, particularly the sheep-associated form of the disease, with the goal of developing rational control methods, including vaccination. The past 2 decades have seen several advances, including recognition of new members of the MCF virus group, better diagnostic assays, induction of disease by a natural route (aerosol), and clearer understanding of OvHV-2's shedding patterns by domestic sheep. A consistent theme in experimental studies of OvHV-2 in susceptible species is that there are 2 peaks of OvHV-2 gene expression: a preclinical peak involving the respiratory tract and a second in multiple organ systems leading to clinical disease. Latent and lytic gene expression may coexist in tissues during clinical stages in symptomatic animals. C1 [O'Toole, D.] Univ Wyoming, Wyoming State Vet Lab, Laramie, WY 82070 USA. [Li, H.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP O'Toole, D (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Wyoming State Vet Lab, 1174 Snowy Range Rd, Laramie, WY 82070 USA. EM DOT@uwyo.edu NR 153 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 4 U2 27 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0300-9858 EI 1544-2217 J9 VET PATHOL JI Vet. Pathol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 51 IS 2 SI SI BP 437 EP 452 DI 10.1177/0300985813520435 PG 16 WC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences SC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences GA AC6DC UT WOS:000332610500012 PM 24503439 ER PT J AU Lawrence, P Conderino, JS Rieder, E AF Lawrence, Paul Conderino, Joseph S. Rieder, Elizabeth TI Redistribution of demethylated RNA helicase A during foot-and-mouth disease virus infection: Role of Jumonji C-domain containing protein 6 in RHA demethylation SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Jumonji C-domain containing protein 6 (JMJD6); RNA helicase A (RHA); Arginine demethylation; Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) ID HIDDEN MARKOV-MODELS; PHOSPHATIDYLSERINE RECEPTOR; HISTONE DEMETHYLATION; APOPTOTIC CELLS; ARGININE METHYLTRANSFERASES; TRANSLATION INITIATION; NUCLEAR-PROTEIN; GENE-PRODUCT; IN-VITRO; JMJD6 AB Previously, RNA helicase A (RHA) re-localization from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) infected cells was shown to coincide with loss of RHA methylated arginine residues at its C-terminus. The potential interaction between RHA and Jumonji C-domain (JmjC) protein 6 (JMJD6) arginine demethylase in infected cells was investigated. Treatment with N-oxalylglycine (NOG) inhibitor of JmjC demethylases prevented FMDV-induced RHA demethylation and re-localization, and also decreased viral protein synthesis and virus titers. Physical interaction between JMJD6 and RHA was demonstrated via reciprocal co-immunoprecipitation, where RHA preferentially bound JMJD6 monomers. Nuclear efflux of demethylated RHA (DM-RHA) coincided with nuclear influx of JMJD6, which was not observed using another picomavirus. A modified biochemical assay demonstrated JMJD6 induced dose-dependent demethylation of RHA and two RHA-derived isoforms, which could be inhibited by NOG. We propose a role for JMJD6 in RHA demethylation stimulated by FMDV, that appears to facilitate virus replication. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Lawrence, Paul; Conderino, Joseph S.; Rieder, Elizabeth] USDA ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, NAA, Foreign Anim Dis Res Unit, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. RP Rieder, E (reprint author), USDA ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, NAA, Foreign Anim Dis Res Unit, POB 848, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. EM elizabeth.rieder@ars.usda.gov FU Plum Island Animal Disease Research Participation Program; CRIS, Agricultural Research Service (ARS), U.S. Department of Agriculture [1940-32000-053-00D, 1940-32000-057-00D] FX Dr. Paul Lawrence and Joseph S. Conderino were sponsored by the Plum Island Animal Disease Research Participation Program administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the United States Department of Energy and the United States Department of Agriculture. This research was supported by CRIS Project no. 1940-32000-053-00D, 1940-32000-057-00D, Agricultural Research Service (ARS), U.S. Department of Agriculture (Dr. Elizabeth Rieder). We wish to thank Dr. Devendra Rai and Dr. Sabena Uddowla for their expertise and fruitful discussions. We also wish to thank Elizabeth A. Schafer and Dana C. Hill for technical assistance. NR 59 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD MAR PY 2014 VL 452 BP 1 EP 11 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2013.12.040 PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA AD1NJ UT WOS:000333000400001 PM 24606677 ER PT J AU Arzt, J Pacheco, JM Smoliga, GR Tucker, MT Bishop, E Pauszek, SJ Hartwig, EJ de los Santos, T Rodriguez, LL AF Arzt, Jonathan Pacheco, Juan M. Smoliga, George R. Tucker, Meghan T. Bishop, Elizabeth Pauszek, Steven J. Hartwig, Ethan J. de los Santos, Teresa Rodriguez, Luis L. TI Foot-and-mouth disease virus virulence in cattle is co-determined by viral replication dynamics and route of infection SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Attenuation; Bovine; Cattle; FMD; FMDV; Foot-and-mouth; Interferon; Pathogenesis; Virulence; Virus ID ALPHA/BETA-INTERFERON; CELL-CULTURE; IN-VITRO; PATHOGENESIS; CYTOKINE; SWINE; QUANTIFICATION; RESPONSES; PATHWAYS; TISSUES AB Early events in the pathogenesis of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) infection in cattle were investigated through aerosol and intraepithelial lingual (IEL) inoculations of a cDNA-derived FMDV-A(24) wild type virus (FMDV-WT) or a mutant derived from the same clone (FMDV-Mut). After aerosolization of FMDV-WT, primary infection sites had significantly greater quantities of FMDV, viral RNA, and type I/III interferon (IFN) activity compared to corresponding tissues from cattle infected with FMDV-Mut. Additionally, FMDV-WT-infected cattle had marked induction of systemic IFN activity in serum. In contrast, FMDV-Mut aerosol-infected cattle did not manifest systemic IFN response nor had viremia. Interestingly, IEL inoculation of FMDV-Mut in cattle restored the virulent phenotype and systemic IFN response. These data indicate that the attenuated phenotype in cattle is associated with decreased replicative efficiency, reflected by decreased innate response. However, attenuation is abrogated by bypassing the common primary infection sites, inducing accelerated viral replication at the inoculation site. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Arzt, Jonathan; Pacheco, Juan M.; Smoliga, George R.; Tucker, Meghan T.; Bishop, Elizabeth; Pauszek, Steven J.; Hartwig, Ethan J.; de los Santos, Teresa; Rodriguez, Luis L.] USDA ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Foreign Anim Dis Res Unit, Plum Island, NY USA. RP Rodriguez, LL (reprint author), USDA ARS, NAA, PIADC, 40550 Rt 25,Orient Point, New York, NY 11957 USA. EM luis.rodriguez@ars.usda.gov OI Pacheco, Juan/0000-0001-5477-0201; Arzt, Jonathan/0000-0002-7517-7893 FU ARS-CRIS [1940-32000-057-00D]; Science and Technology Directorate of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security [HSHQDC-11-X-00189] FX This research was funded primarily by ARS-CRIS Project 1940-32000-057-00D. Additional funding came from an interagency agreement with the Science and Technology Directorate of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security under Award number HSHQDC-11-X-00189. NR 42 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD MAR PY 2014 VL 452 BP 12 EP 22 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2014.01.001 PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA AD1NJ UT WOS:000333000400002 PM 24606678 ER PT J AU Lim, HS Nam, J Seo, EY Nam, M Vaira, AM Bae, H Jang, CY Lee, CH Kim, HG Roh, M Hammond, J AF Lim, Hyoun-Sub Nam, Jiryun Seo, Eun-Young Nam, Moon Vaira, Anna Maria Bae, Hanhong Jang, Chan-Yong Lee, Cheol Ho Kim, Hong Gi Roh, Mark Hammond, John TI The coat protein of Alternanthera mosaic virus is the elicitor of a temperature-sensitive systemic necrosis in Nicotiana benthamiana, and interacts with a host boron transporter protein SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Potexvirus; Host-pathogen interaction; Alternanthera mosaic virus; Systemic necrosis; Protein-protein interactions; Coat protein; Boron transporter ID DEPENDENT RNA-POLYMERASE; PROGRAMMED CELL-DEATH; N-TERMINAL SEGMENT; SINGLE AMINO-ACID; HYPERSENSITIVE RESPONSE; DISEASE RESISTANCE; MEDIATED RESISTANCE; FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; EXTREME RESISTANCE; RX GENE AB Different isolates of Alternanthera mosaic virus (AltMV; Potexvirus), including four infectious clones derived from AltMV-SP, induce distinct systemic symptoms in Nicotiana benthamiana. Virus accumulation was enhanced at 15 degrees C compared to 25 degrees C; severe clone AltMV 3-7 induced systemic necrosis (SN) and plant death at 15 degrees C. No interaction with potexvirus resistance gene Rx was detected, although SN was ablated by silencing of SGT1, as for other cases of potexvirus-induced necrosis. Substitution of AltMV 3-7 coat protein (CPSP) with that from AltMV-Po (CPPo) eliminated SN at 15 degrees C, and ameliorated symptoms in Alternanthera dentata and soybean. Substitution of only two residues from CPPo [either MN(13,14)ID or LA(76,77)IS] efficiently ablated SN in N. benthamiana. CPSP but not CPPo interacted with Arabidopsis boron transporter protein AtBOR1 by yeast two-hybrid assay; N. benthamiana homolog NbBOR1 interacted more strongly with CPSP than CPPo in bimolecular fluorescence complementation, and may affect recognition of CP as an elicitor of SN. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Lim, Hyoun-Sub; Nam, Jiryun; Seo, Eun-Young; Nam, Moon; Jang, Chan-Yong; Kim, Hong Gi] Chungnam Natl Univ, Dept Appl Biol, Taejon 305764, South Korea. [Vaira, Anna Maria; Roh, Mark; Hammond, John] USDA ARS, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, US Natl Arboretum, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Vaira, Anna Maria] CNR, Ist Virol Vegetale, I-10135 Turin, Italy. [Bae, Hanhong] Yeungnam Univ, Sch Biotechnol, Kyongsan 712749, South Korea. [Lee, Cheol Ho] Seokyoung Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Seoul 136704, South Korea. [Roh, Mark] Dankook Univ, Sch Bioresource Sci, Lab Floriculture & Plant Physiol, Cheonan 330714, Chungnam, South Korea. RP Hammond, J (reprint author), USDA ARS, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, US Natl Arboretum, 10300 Baltimore Ave B-010A, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM hyounlim@cnu.ac.kr; jilyoon@naver.com; sey22@cnu.ac.kr; moonlit51@cnu.ac.kr; a.vaira@ivv.cnr.it; hanhongbae@ynu.ac.kr; sunbispirit@gmail.com; chlee1219@hanmail.net; hgkim@cnu.ac.kr; marksroh@gmail.com; john.hammond@ars.usda.gov RI Vaira, Anna Maria/B-9082-2015 FU National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF), Republic of Korea [2013R1A1A2007417] FX We thank Michael Reinsel for the excellent technical support, and Margaret Dienelt for electron microscopy. We also thank Bob Owens, Les Domier, and two anonymous reviewers for useful suggestions. This work was supported by a grant from the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF no. 2013R1A1A2007417), Republic of Korea. NR 73 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 24 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD MAR PY 2014 VL 452 BP 264 EP 278 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2014.01.021 PG 15 WC Virology SC Virology GA AD1NJ UT WOS:000333000400029 PM 24606704 ER PT J AU Raiten, DJ Raghavan, R Porter, A Obbagy, JE Spahn, JM AF Raiten, Daniel J. Raghavan, Ramkripa Porter, Alexandra Obbagy, Julie E. Spahn, Joanne M. TI Executive summary: evaluating the evidence base to support the inclusion of infants and children from birth to 24 mo of age in the Dietary Guidelines for Americans - "the B-24 Project" SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Evaluating the Diet-Related Scientific Literature for Children from Birth to 24 Months - The B-24 Project CY FEB 05-07, 2013 CL Rockville, MD SP US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Off Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; POOR LACTATION PERFORMANCE; FOOD-CONSUMPTION PATTERNS; IRON-DEFICIENCY ANEMIA; HUMAN-MILK COMPOSITION; BREAST-FED INFANTS; BODY-MASS INDEX; FEEDING INFANTS; US INFANTS; VITAMIN-D AB The Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) are the cornerstone of US government efforts to promote health and prevent disease through diet and nutrition. The DGA currently provides guidelines for ages >= 2 y. In an effort to determine the strength of the evidence to support the inclusion of infants and children from birth to age 24 mo, the partner agencies led by the Department of Health and Human Services Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion and the USDA Center for Nutrition Program and Policy initiated the project entitled "Evaluating the evidence base to support the inclusion of infants and children from birth to 24 months of age in the Dietary Guidelines for Americans-the B-24 Project." This project represents the first step in the process of applying systematic reviews to the process of deciding whether the evidence is sufficient to include this age group in future editions of the DGA. This supplement includes the B-24 Executive Summary, which describes the B-24 Project and the deliberations of the 4 working groups during the process of developing priority topics for the systematic review, and a research agenda to address the critical gaps. Also included in this supplement issue is an article on the Nutrition Evidence Library methodology for developing systematic review questions and articles from the invited content presenters at the B-24 Prime meeting. C1 [Raiten, Daniel J.; Raghavan, Ramkripa; Porter, Alexandra] Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Obbagy, Julie E.; Spahn, Joanne M.] USDA, Ctr Nutr Policy & Promot, Evidence Anal Lib Div, Alexandria, VA USA. RP Raiten, DJ (reprint author), Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, 6100 Execut Blvd, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM raitend@mail.nih.gov NR 153 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 5 U2 22 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 EI 1938-3207 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 99 IS 3 SU S BP 663S EP 691S DI 10.3945/ajcn.113.072140 PG 29 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AB9VO UT WOS:000332144000001 PM 24500158 ER PT J AU Obbagy, JE Blum-Kemelor, DM Essery, EV Lyon, JMG Spahn, JM AF Obbagy, Julie E. Blum-Kemelor, Donna M. Essery, Eve V. Lyon, Joan M. G. Spahn, Joanne M. TI USDA Nutrition Evidence Library: methodology used to identify topics and develop systematic review questions for the birth-to-24-mo population SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Evaluating the Diet-Related Scientific Literature for Children from Birth to 24 Months - The B-24 Project CY FEB 05-07, 2013 CL Rockville, MD SP US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Off Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot AB The USDA's Nutrition Evidence Library (NEL) specializes in conducting food- and nutrition-related systematic reviews that are used to inform federal government decision making. To ensure the utility of NEL systematic reviews, the most relevant topics must be addressed, questions must be clearly focused and appropriate in scope, and review frameworks must reflect the state of the science. Identifying the optimal topics and questions requires input from a variety of stakeholders, including scientists with technical expertise, as well as government policy and program leaders. The objective of this article is to describe the rationale and NEL methodology for identifying topics and developing systematic review questions implemented as part of the "Evaluating the evidence base to support the inclusion of infants and children from birth to 24 months of age in the Dietary Guidelines for Americans the B-24 Project." This is the first phase of a larger project designed to develop dietary guidance for the birth to 24-mo population in the United States. C1 [Obbagy, Julie E.; Blum-Kemelor, Donna M.; Essery, Eve V.; Lyon, Joan M. G.; Spahn, Joanne M.] USDA, Evidence Anal Lib Div, Ctr Nutr Policy & Promot, Alexandria, VA USA. RP Obbagy, JE (reprint author), 3101 Pk Ctr Dr,Room 1034, Alexandria, VA 22302 USA. EM julie.obbagy@cnpp.usda.gov NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 EI 1938-3207 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 99 IS 3 SU S BP 692S EP 696S DI 10.3945/ajcn.113.071670 PG 5 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AB9VO UT WOS:000332144000002 PM 24452234 ER PT J AU Harrison, GG Hirschman, JD Owens, TA McNutt, SW Sallack, LE AF Harrison, Gail G. Hirschman, Jay D. Owens, Tameka A. McNutt, Suzanne W. Sallack, Linnea E. TI WIC Infant and Toddler Feeding Practices Study: protocol design and implementation SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Evaluating the Diet-Related Scientific Literature for Children from Birth to 24 Months - The B-24 Project CY FEB 05-07, 2013 CL Rockville, MD SP US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Off Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot AB The federal Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC), which began in the 1970s, has undergone revisions in the past several years, including revision to contents of the supplemental food "packages" in 2009 based on recommendations provided by an Institute of Medicine (TOM) committee of The National Academies. In 2010, the IOM held a workshop to examine and recommend research priorities for the program. The overall purpose of the current (ie, second) WIC Infant and Toddler Feeding Practices Study (ITFPS-2) is to conduct a nationally representative, longitudinal study of contemporary WIC infant and toddler feeding practices. This study will update earlier studies and collect information on variations in WIC program components. The study will also assess ways in which WIC may address obesity in early childhood and examine changes in feeding practices that may stem from the 2009 food package revisions. The sample is drawn from the universe of WIC sites nationally, excluding only those with an insufficient volume of eligible participants. Eligibility for the study includes the ability to be interviewed in English or Spanish. Approximately 8000 women and infants are being sampled, and 4000 are expected to participate. Eligible women are invited to participate during their WIC enrollment visit, and informed consent is sought. The design includes a core sample to be followed until the infant reaches age 2 y and a supplemental sample to be used in some cross-sectional analyses to ensure adequate representation of groups that might be underrepresented in the core sample. Participants will complete up to 11 interviews (core sample) or 4 interviews (supplemental sample) each except for the prenatal interview, which includes a quantitative 24-h recall of food intake for the infant. Eighty sites have been sampled across 26 states and 1 territory. Instruments have been developed and pretested in both English and Spanish, and interviewers have been rigorously trained. Recruitment and interviewing began in July 2013. This study will provide the only current large-sample longitudinal feeding data available on a nationally representative sample of infants in low-income families, and results will be available to inform the 2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans for the 0- to 24-mo age group. This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02031978. C1 [Harrison, Gail G.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Fielding Sch Publ Hlth, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Hirschman, Jay D.; Owens, Tameka A.] Food & Nutr Serv, Off Policy Support, USDA, Alexandria, VA USA. [McNutt, Suzanne W.] WESTAT Corp, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Sallack, Linnea E.] Altarum Inst, Ann Arbor, MI USA. RP Harrison, GG (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Fielding Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Community Hlth Sci, 650 Charles Young Dr South, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM gailh@ucla.edu RI Duello, Theresa/P-5752-2015 NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 EI 1938-3207 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 99 IS 3 SU S BP 742S EP 746S DI 10.3945/ajcn.113.073585 PG 5 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AB9VO UT WOS:000332144000010 PM 24477040 ER PT J AU Volkova, MA Irza, AV Chvala, IA Frolov, SF Drygin, VV Kapczynski, DR AF Volkova, Marina A. Irza, Anna V. Chvala, Irina A. Frolov, Sergy F. Drygin, Vladimir V. Kapczynski, Darrell R. TI Adjuvant Effects of Chitosan and Calcium Phosphate Particles in an Inactivated Newcastle Disease Vaccine SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Newcastle disease; inactivated vaccine; adjuvant; chitosan; calcium phosphate particles ID CELL-MEDIATED-IMMUNITY; PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY; MUCOSAL IMMUNITY; DELIVERY-SYSTEM; VIRUS; CHICKENS; NANOPARTICLES; RESPONSES; IMMUNIZATION; CHALLENGE AB The adjuvant activity of chitosan (CS) and calcium phosphate (CAP) particles was studied following intranasal (mucosal) administration to commercial chickens with inactivated Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccine. After three vaccinations with inactivated NDV in combination with CS or CAP an increase in antibody titers in blood and mucosal samples in chickens was observed when compared with the administration of NDV antigen only. A lower level of humoral immunity was observed in broiler chickens compared to layer-type birds. The CS-based vaccine demonstrated higher antigenic and protective activity following lethal challenge than the vaccine containing CAP. Because CS particles efficiently changed mucosal and humoral immunity and protective activity, CS may in the future be considered for use as a potential adjuvant for production of vaccines for poultry. C1 [Volkova, Marina A.; Irza, Anna V.; Chvala, Irina A.; Frolov, Sergy F.; Drygin, Vladimir V.] FGI Fed Ctr Anim Hlth, Russian Res Inst Anim Hlth, Vladimir 600901, Russia. [Kapczynski, Darrell R.] ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Dis Res Unit, SE Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Kapczynski, DR (reprint author), ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Dis Res Unit, SE Poultry Res Lab, USDA, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM darrell.kapczynski@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, OIRP Project [3460]; International Science and Technology Center, Moscow, Russia FX This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, OIRP Project 3460 and by the International Science and Technology Center, Moscow, Russia. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 23 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI ATHENS PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA SN 0005-2086 EI 1938-4351 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 58 IS 1 BP 46 EP 52 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AD5FF UT WOS:000333276600007 PM 24758112 ER PT J AU Pulido-Landinez, M Washington, P Thornton, JK Zhang, Y Sanchez-Ingunza, R Banda, A Guard, J Nascimento, VP Magee, DL Mauel, MJ AF Pulido-Landinez, Martha Washington, Paul Thornton, Jay Kay Zhang, Yi Sanchez-Ingunza, Roxana Banda, Alejandro Guard, Jean Nascimento, Vladimir P. Magee, Danny L. Mauel, Michael J. TI Serotype and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Salmonella Isolates from Commercial Birds and Poultry Environment in Mississippi SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Salmonella isolates; poultry; serotyping; intergenic sequence ribotyping; antimicrobial resistance; Mississippi ID ENTERICA; PREVALENCE; SUBPOPULATIONS; TYPHIMURIUM; ENTERITIDIS; PATHOGENS; AGREEMENT; ANIMALS; KAPPA AB To obtain information about Salmonella from commercial birds and poultry environments within Mississippi, 50 Salmonella enterica isolates were collected and characterized by intergenic sequence ribotyping (ISR) serotyping and by determining antimicrobial resistance. ISR assigned serotype to all 50 Salmonella enterica isolates whereas the Kauffman-White-LeMinor antibody-based scheme assigned serotype to 48. Agreement between both methods was K = 89.58. Within the set, 12 serotypes were detected. The antimicrobial resistance patterns (ARP) of 12 serotypes, namely Enteritidis, Typhimurium, Kentucky, Bredeney, Mbandaka, Saintpaul, Montevideo, Cubana, Lille, Senftenberg, Johannesburg, and one serotype UN0094, were determined using minimum inhibitory concentration values. The antibiograms demonstrated differences between Salmonella serotypes and among isolates of the same serotype. All isolates were 100% susceptible to enrofloxacin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. The number of antimicrobials to which the isolates were resistant ranged from two to nine. Twenty-two different ARPs were identified and ARP1, with resistance to spectinomycin and sulfadimethoxine, was most frequently observed. Forty isolates (80%) were resistant to three or more antimicrobials and were thus designated multidrug resistant. Detection of a unique serotype, and variation in antibiograms within the set, demonstrates that it is important to survey isolates periodically from a region to follow epidemiologic trends. C1 [Pulido-Landinez, Martha] Univ Nacl Colombia, Coll Vet Med, Lab Avian Pathol, Bogota, Colombia. [Washington, Paul; Thornton, Jay Kay; Zhang, Yi; Banda, Alejandro; Magee, Danny L.; Mauel, Michael J.] Mississippi State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Mississippi Vet Res & Diagnost Lab Syst, Pearl, MS 39208 USA. [Sanchez-Ingunza, Roxana; Guard, Jean] ARS, USDA, Egg Safety & Qual Res Unit, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Pulido-Landinez, Martha; Nascimento, Vladimir P.] UFGRS, Coll Vet Med, Avian Diagnost & Res Ctr, BR-91540000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. RP Mauel, MJ (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Mississippi Vet Res & Diagnost Lab Syst, Pearl, MS 39208 USA. EM mmauel@mvrdl.msstate.edu OI Pinheiro do Nascimento, Vladimir/0000-0002-7720-3274 FU Mississippi Veterinary Research and Diagnostic Laboratory; Poultry Research and Diagnostic Laboratory of Mississippi State University FX For research support we thank the Mississippi Veterinary Research and Diagnostic Laboratory and the Poultry Research and Diagnostic Laboratory of Mississippi State University. NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI ATHENS PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA SN 0005-2086 EI 1938-4351 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 58 IS 1 BP 64 EP 70 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AD5FF UT WOS:000333276600010 PM 24758115 ER PT J AU Toro, H Zhao, W Breedlove, C Zhang, ZY van Santen, V Yu, QZ AF Toro, Haroldo Zhao, Wei Breedlove, Cassandra Zhang, Zhenyu van Santen, Vicky Yu, Qingzhong TI Infectious Bronchitis Virus S2 Expressed from Recombinant Virus Confers Broad Protection Against Challenge SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE IBV S2; genetic variation; NDV vector; IBV vaccine ID NEWCASTLE-DISEASE VIRUS; PEPLOMER PROTEIN; CORONAVIRUS-IBV; LACRIMAL FLUID; VACCINE VECTOR; CHICKENS; ANTIBODIES; CALIFORNIA; EVOLUTION; OUTBREAK AB We developed a recombinant Newcastle disease virus (NDV) LaSota (rLS) expressing the infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) S2 gene (rLS/IBV. S2). The recombinant virus showed somewhat-reduced pathogenicity compared to the parental lentogenic LaSota strain but effectively elicited hemagglutination inhibition antibodies against NDV and protected chickens against lethal challenge with virulent NDV/CA02. IBV heterotypic protection was assessed using a prime-boost approach with a commercially available attenuated IBV Massachusetts (Mass)-type vaccine. Specific-pathogen-free chickens primed ocularly with rLS/IBV.S2 at 4 days of age and boosted with Mass at 18 days of age were completely protected against challenge at 41 days of age with a virulent Ark-type strain. In a second experiment, we compared protection conferred by priming with rLS/IBV. S2 and boosting with Mass (rLS/IBV.S2+Mass) versus priming and boosting with Mass (Mass+Mass). We also modified the timing of vaccination to prime at 1 day of age and boost at 12 days of age. Challenge with virulent Ark was performed at 21 days of age. Based on clinical signs, both vaccinated groups appeared equally protected against challenge compared to unvaccinated challenged chickens. Viral loads in lachrymal fluids of birds receiving rLS/IBV.S2+Mass showed a clear tendency of improved protection compared to Mass+Mass; however, the difference did not achieve statistical significance. A significant difference (P<0.05) was determined between these groups regarding incidence of detection of challenge IBV RNA in the trachea; viral RNA was detected in 50% of rLS/IBV.S2+ Mass-vaccinated chickens while chickens vaccinated with Mass+Mass and unvaccinated challenged controls showed 84 and 90% incidence of IBV RNA detection in the trachea, respectively. These results demonstrate that overexposing the IBV S2 to the chicken immune system by means of a vectored vaccine, followed by boost with whole virus, protects chickens against IBV showing dissimilar S1. C1 [Toro, Haroldo; Breedlove, Cassandra; van Santen, Vicky] Auburn Univ, Dept Pathobiol, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Zhao, Wei; Zhang, Zhenyu; Yu, Qingzhong] USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Toro, H (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Pathobiol, 264 Greene Hall, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM torohar@auburn.edu OI van Santen, Vicky/0000-0002-0029-0517 FU China Scholarship Council; U.S. Poultry and Egg Association [F042]; USDA-ARS Current Research Information System project [6612-32000-067-00D] FX We wish to thank Stephen Gulley, Natalia Petrenko, and Xiuqin Xia for excellent technical assistance and the SEPRL sequencing facility personnel for nucleotide sequencing. W. Zhao and Z. Zhang were sponsored by a scholarship from China Scholarship Council. This research was supported by U.S. Poultry and Egg Association Award F042 and by USDA-ARS Current Research Information System project 6612-32000-067-00D. NR 32 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI ATHENS PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA SN 0005-2086 EI 1938-4351 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 58 IS 1 BP 83 EP 89 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AD5FF UT WOS:000333276600013 PM 24758118 ER PT J AU Pedersen, K Marks, DR Arsnoe, DM Afonso, CL Bevins, SN Miller, PJ Randall, AR DeLiberto, TJ AF Pedersen, Kerri Marks, David R. Arsnoe, Dustin M. Afonso, Claudio L. Bevins, Sarah N. Miller, Patti J. Randall, Adam R. DeLiberto, Thomas J. TI Avian Paramyxovirus Serotype 1 (Newcastle Disease Virus), Avian Influenza Virus, and Salmonella spp. in Mute Swans (Cygnus olor) in the Great Lakes Region and Atlantic Coast of the United States SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE avian influenza virus; avian paramyxovirus serotype 1; Cygnus olor; mute swan; Newcastle disease virus; Salmonella ID WILD BIRDS; H5N1; OUTBREAK; INFECTIONS; CORMORANTS; DIVERSITY; WATERFOWL; SUBTYPES; ASSAY; PCR AB Since their introduction to the United States in the late 19th century, mute swans (Cygnus olor) have become a nuisance species by causing damage to aquatic habitats, acting aggressively toward humans, competing with native waterfowl, and potentially transmitting or serving as a reservoir of infectious diseases to humans and poultry. In an effort to investigate their potential role as a disease reservoir and to establish avian health baselines for pathogens that threaten agricultural species or human health, we collected samples from 858 mute swans and tested them for avian paramyxovirus serotype 1 (APMV-1), avian influenza virus (AIV), and Salmonella spp. when possible. Our results indicate that exposure to APMV-1 and AIV is common (60%, n = 5 771, and 45%, n = 344, antibody prevalence, respectively) in mute swans, but detection of active viral shedding is less common (8.7%, n = 414, and 0.8%, n = 390, respectively). Salmonella was isolated from three mute swans (0.6%, n = 459), and although the serovars identified have been implicated in previous human outbreaks, it does not appear that Salmonella is commonly carried by mute swans. C1 [Pedersen, Kerri; DeLiberto, Thomas J.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Marks, David R.; Arsnoe, Dustin M.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Okemos, MI 48864 USA. [Afonso, Claudio L.; Miller, Patti J.] ARS, USDA, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Bevins, Sarah N.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Randall, Adam R.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Pittstown, NJ 08867 USA. RP Pedersen, K (reprint author), US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM Kerri.Pedersen@aphis.usda.gov FU USFWS [APHIS-WS: 12-7226-4861-IA]; USDA_ARS CRIS [66612-32000-064] FX We give special thanks to the Wildlife Services' National Wildlife Disease Program wildlife disease biologists and other Wildlife Services employees and state wildlife agency employees in each of the participating states that collected all of the samples to make this project possible. We also thank the numerous technicians and diagnosticians involved in testing these samples, without whom we would not have had results to analyze. The authors would like to acknowledge the excellent work and technical collaboration of Dawn Williams-Coplin and Tim Olivier of the SEPRL. Funding for a portion of the field sample collection and testing efforts was provided by the USFWS, through an interagency agreement (APHIS-WS: 12-7226-4861-IA) as part of their Avian Health and Disease Program. A portion of the Newcastle disease virus section of this research was funded by USDA_ARS CRIS project number 66612-32000-064. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this work is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 54 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 17 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI ATHENS PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA SN 0005-2086 EI 1938-4351 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 58 IS 1 BP 129 EP 136 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AD5FF UT WOS:000333276600020 PM 24758125 ER PT J AU Day, JM Zsak, L AF Day, J. Michael Zsak, Laszlo TI Molecular and Phylogenetic Analysis of a Novel Turkey-Origin Picobirnavirus SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE enteric; metagenomics; phylogeny; picobirnavirus; poultry; turkey ID DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; POULT ENTERITIS COMPLEX; NEIGHBOR-JOINING METHOD; VIRUS PICOBIRNAVIRUS; RT-PCR; PERSISTENT INFECTION; GENOME SEQUENCE; UNITED-STATES; VIRAL AGENTS AB A previous metagenomic analysis of the turkey gut RNA virus community identified novel enteric viruses that may play roles in poultry enteric diseases or in performance problems noted in the field. As part of the molecular characterization of these novel enteric viruses, a reverse transcriptase-PCR diagnostic assay was developed, targeting a novel turkey-origin picobirnavirus (PBV) initially identified in a pooled intestinal sample from turkey poults in North Carolina. Little detailed molecular information exists regarding the family Picobirnaviridae, particularly for the PBVs that have been described in avian species. This diagnostic assay targets the turkey PBV RNA-dependent RNA polymerase gene and produces an 1135-bp amplicon. This assay was validated using in vitro transcribed RNA and was tested using archived enteric samples collected from turkey flocks in the southeastern United States. Further, a phylogenetic analysis suggests the turkey PBV is unique because it does not group closely with the recognized PBV genogroups circulating in mammalian hosts. C1 [Day, J. Michael; Zsak, Laszlo] ARS, USDA, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Day, JM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, SE Poultry Res Lab, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM Michael.Day@ars.usda.gov FU United States Poultry and Egg Association FX We acknowledge Laura Ferguson at SEPRL for excellent technical support; Linda Ballard, Mary Duke, and Brian Scheffler of the USDA/ARS Mid-South Genomics Laboratory for bioinformatic support; and the USDA/ARS South Atlantic Area Sequencing Facility for nucleic acid sequencing. This work was supported financially by the United States Poultry and Egg Association. NR 44 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI ATHENS PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA SN 0005-2086 EI 1938-4351 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 58 IS 1 BP 137 EP 142 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AD5FF UT WOS:000333276600021 PM 24758126 ER PT J AU Pulido-Landinez, M Sanchez-Ingunza, R Guard, J do Nascimento, VP AF Pulido-Landinez, Martha Sanchez-Ingunza, Roxana Guard, Jean do Nascimento, Vladimir Pinheiro TI Presence of Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Gallinarum in Commercial Laying Hens Diagnosed with Fowl Typhoid Disease in Colombia SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Salmonella enterica; Salmonella Enteritidis; Salmonella Gallinarum; serotype; single nucleotide polymorphism; eggs; food safety; commercial layers; Colombia ID ENTERICA; SEROTYPE; EVOLUTIONARY; SEROVARS AB A severe outbreak of salmonellosis in commercial brown table egg layers first occurred in Colombia in 2006. From 2008 to 2012, 35 samples collected from commercial layers farms in the states of Cundinamarca, Santander, Bolivar, and San Andres, were positive for Salmonella enterica. Salmonella was isolated from liver and spleen (71.42%), pools of organs (liver, spleen, and ovarian follicles; 25.71%), and drag swabs (2.85%). Serotype was assigned using single nucleotide polymorphisms or DNA microarray hybridization. Sixteen strains of Salmonella Enteritidis, and 13 of Salmonella Gallinarum were identified. Seven strains yielded three unique sequences, and they were designated as UN0038, UN0052, and UN0054 by intergenic sequence ribotyping. These strains were later identified as Salmonella serotypes Isangi, Braenderup, and Yoruba, respectively, by DNA microarray hybridization. The discovery that a common human pathogen (Salmonella Enteritidis) was coisolated from farms with an avian pathogen (Salmonella Gallinarum) in similar commercial brown layer hens and in different regions indicates that it is important to investigate the dynamics of Salmonella infection and determine the serotypes circulating within the same ecologic niche. C1 [Pulido-Landinez, Martha] Univ Nacl Colombia, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Lab Patol Aviar, Bogota 111321, Colombia. [Sanchez-Ingunza, Roxana; Guard, Jean] ARS, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Pulido-Landinez, Martha; do Nascimento, Vladimir Pinheiro] Fed Univ Rio Grande do Sul UFRGS, Coll Vet Med, Avian Diagnost & Res Ctr, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. RP Pulido-Landinez, M (reprint author), Univ Nacl Colombia, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Lab Patol Aviar, Ave Carrera 30 45-03, Bogota 111321, Colombia. EM mpulidola@unal.edu.co OI Pinheiro do Nascimento, Vladimir/0000-0002-7720-3274 FU Colombian Veterinary Poultry Association; Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development; USDA-ARS FX This research was supported by the Colombian Veterinary Poultry Association, the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development, and the USDA-ARS. Special acknowledgement is made of Tod Stewart (USDA) and Dr. Catalina Torres (National University of Colombia) for their technical assistance. NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI ATHENS PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA SN 0005-2086 EI 1938-4351 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 58 IS 1 BP 165 EP 170 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AD5FF UT WOS:000333276600026 PM 24758131 ER PT J AU Johnson, JMF Gresham, GL AF Johnson, Jane M. F. Gresham, Garold L. TI Do Yield and Quality of Big Bluestem and Switchgrass Feedstock Decline over Winter? SO BIOENERGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Thermochemical; Bioenergy feedstock; Mineral analysis; Biomass gasification ID BIOENERGY PRODUCTION; BIOMASS FEEDSTOCKS; GREAT-PLAINS; HARVEST; COMBUSTION; SYSTEMS; MANAGEMENT; MIXTURES; GRASSES; STORAGE AB Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) and big bluestem (Andropogon gerdardii Vitman) are potential perennial bioenergy feedstocks. Feedstock storage limitations, labor constraints for harvest, and environmental benefits provided by perennials are rationales for developing localized perennial feedstock as an alternative or in conjunction with annual feedstocks (i.e., crop residues). Little information is available on yield, mineral, and thermochemical properties of native species as related to harvest time. The study's objectives were to compare the feedstock quantity and quality between grasses harvested in the fall or the following spring. It was hypothesized that biomass yield may decline, but translocation and/or leaching of minerals from the feedstock would improve feedstock quality. Feedstock yield did not differ by crop, harvest time, or their interactions. Both grasses averaged 6.0 Mg ha(-1) (fall) and 5.4 Mg ha(-1) (spring) with similar high heating value (17.7 MJ kg(-1)). The K/(Ca + Mg) ratio, used as a quality indicator declined to below a 0.5 threshold, but energy yield (Megajoule per kilogram) decreased 13 % by delaying harvest until spring. Only once during the four study-years were conditions ideal for early spring harvest, in contrast during another spring, very muddy conditions resulted in excessive soil contamination. Early spring harvest may be hampered by late snow, lodging, and muddy conditions that may delay or prevent harvest, and result in soil contamination of the feedstock. However, reducing slagging/fouling potential and the mass of mineral nutrients removed from the field without a dramatic loss in biomass or caloric content are reasons to delay harvest until spring. C1 [Johnson, Jane M. F.] USDA ARS, N Cent Soil Conservat Res Lab, Morris, MN 56267 USA. [Gresham, Garold L.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Johnson, JMF (reprint author), USDA ARS, N Cent Soil Conservat Res Lab, 803 Iowa Ave, Morris, MN 56267 USA. EM jane.johnson@ars.usda.gov OI Johnson, Jane/0000-0002-1687-4007 FU USDA-Agricultural Research Service under the Renewable Energy Assessment Project (REAP); USDA Rural Development Grant [68-3A75-5-232]; University of Minnesota, Morris; University of Minnesota-West Central Research and Outreach Center FX This publication is based on work supported by the USDA-Agricultural Research Service under the Renewable Energy Assessment Project (REAP) and through a USDA Rural Development Grant 68-3A75-5-232 in partnership with the University of Minnesota, Morris, and the University of Minnesota-West Central Research and Outreach Center. NR 45 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1939-1234 EI 1939-1242 J9 BIOENERG RES JI BioEnergy Res. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 7 IS 1 BP 68 EP 77 DI 10.1007/s12155-013-9349-9 PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AC4IG UT WOS:000332484000006 ER PT J AU Ali, SS Khan, M Mullins, E Doohan, FM AF Ali, Shahin S. Khan, Mojibur Mullins, Ewen Doohan, Fiona M. TI Identification of Fusarium oxysporum Genes Associated with Lignocellulose Bioconversion Competency SO BIOENERGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Ethanol; Fungi; Transcriptome; Lignocellulose; Straw; RTA1-like protein ID SOLID-STATE CULTIVATION; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; NEUROSPORA-CRASSA; ETHANOL; FERMENTATION; FUNGI; YEAST; TEMPERATURE; RESISTANCE; EVOLUTION AB Fusarium oxysporum can convert straw to ethanol via consolidated bioprocessing (CBP)-a two-stage process that firstly involves aerobic saccharification and thereafter an oxygen-limiting fermentation phase. The efficacy of CBP is dependent upon the fungal strain used. Using suppression subtractive hybridisation (SSH), a total of 210 transcripts were identified as being overexpressed in a high as compared to low efficacy CBP strain in the aerobic and oxygen-limiting growth stages on a straw/bran mix. These transcripts encode proteins assigned to various categories, including carbohydrate metabolism, energy, protein and sugar transport and detoxification. Real-time RT-PCR analysis of 12 transcripts, including an endoglucanase III (EGIII), a novel ricin toxin A1 chain-like protein (RTA1), and two unknown transcripts (JX308289 T and JX308290 ) validated the SSH findings. Post-transcriptional silencing of EGIII, RTA1 and an unknown transcript JX308289 in F. oxysporum strain 11C significantly reduced the capacity of the fungus to produce ethanol from a straw/bran mix. Thus these and other genes identified in this study are likely factors that determine the efficacy of CBP and such genes can be used as candidates for enhancing microbial ethanol production from straw and other lignocellulosic substrates. C1 [Ali, Shahin S.; Khan, Mojibur; Doohan, Fiona M.] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Biol & Environm Sci, Mol Plant Microbe Interact Lab, Dublin 4, Ireland. [Ali, Shahin S.] USDA ARS, Sustainable Perennial Crops Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Mullins, Ewen] Teagasc, Crop Res Ctr, Dept Crop Sci, Carlow, Ireland. RP Ali, SS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Sustainable Perennial Crops Lab, BARC West Bldg 001, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM sharif.shahin@gmail.com RI Khan, Mojibur/H-9741-2014; OI Doohan, Fiona/0000-0002-1953-6070; Mullins, Ewen/0000-0003-3005-4264 FU Irish Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food Research Stimulus Fund [RSF 07 513] FX This work was supported by the Irish Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food Research Stimulus Fund (RSF 07 513). NR 41 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1939-1234 EI 1939-1242 J9 BIOENERG RES JI BioEnergy Res. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 7 IS 1 BP 110 EP 119 DI 10.1007/s12155-013-9353-0 PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AC4IG UT WOS:000332484000010 ER PT J AU Wayman, S Bowden, RD Mitchell, RB AF Wayman, Sandra Bowden, Richard D. Mitchell, Robert B. TI Seasonal Changes in Shoot and Root Nitrogen Distribution in Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) SO BIOENERGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Bioenergy; Biofuel; Harvest; Nitrogen retranslocation; Panicum virgatum; Switchgrass ID MISCANTHUS X GIGANTEUS; SOIL CARBON; BIOMASS PRODUCTION; GREAT-PLAINS; DRY-MATTER; FERTILIZATION; DYNAMICS; IMPACTS; L.; RETRANSLOCATION AB Switchgrass is a promising bioenergy source that is perennial, productive, native to a broad geographic region, and can grow on marginal, nitrogen (N)-poor soils. Understanding N dynamics in switchgrass is critical to predicting productivity, conserving N, and optimizing the timing of harvest. We examined seasonal changes in N distribution in above- and belowground tissues in switchgrass to quantify N retranslocation rates. Above- and belowground biomass from three sites (two in PA and one in NE) were collected and analyzed for biomass growth and N concentrations at 30-day intervals from June through October. Total living plant mass ranged from 10.3 +/- 2.4 standard error (SE) to 14.9 +/- 2.5 SE Mg ha(-1). Belowground mass comprised 52-57 % of total mass. Blades had the highest N concentration during summer, ranging from 6 to 22 g kg(-1) N. Aboveground N concentrations decreased from September until autumn senescence, whereas belowground N concentration increased from August until senescence. Across the sites, total N retranslocated from aboveground to belowground components between September and October averaged 16.5 +/- 7.1 (SE) kg ha(-1) N representing 26.7 % of the average maximum N content of aboveground biomass. Based on N fertilizer costs, delayed harvest would conserve some N and provide financial savings on fertilizer ($9 ha(-1)) if harvest occurs after senescence but before overwinter biomass loss. However, biomass losses of even 10 % will negate potential economic savings accrued from N retention. To maximize environmental and economic savings from N retranslocation and to simultaneously minimize harvest losses, it would be optimal to harvest switchgrass as soon as possible after complete senescence. C1 [Wayman, Sandra] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Puyallup, WA USA. [Bowden, Richard D.] Allegheny Coll, Dept Environm Sci, Meadville, PA 16335 USA. [Mitchell, Robert B.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Bowden, RD (reprint author), Allegheny Coll, Dept Environm Sci, 520 North Main St, Meadville, PA 16335 USA. EM richard.bowden@allegheny.edu FU Allegheny College Shanbrom Research Fund FX We greatly appreciate the logistical and field support of Calvin Ernst, Mark Fiely, Evan Cross, and Greg Kedzierski of Ernst Conservation Seeds and invaluable laboratory assistance from Sam Reese, Alessandro Trunzo, and Taylor Weiss. This work was supported by an Allegheny College Shanbrom Research Fund grant to Wayman. NR 49 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 40 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1939-1234 EI 1939-1242 J9 BIOENERG RES JI BioEnergy Res. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 7 IS 1 BP 243 EP 252 DI 10.1007/s12155-013-9365-9 PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AC4IG UT WOS:000332484000020 ER PT J AU Price, DL Casler, MD AF Price, David L. Casler, Michael D. TI Divergent Selection for Secondary Traits in Upland Tetraploid Switchgrass and Effects on Sward Biomass Yield SO BIOENERGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Switchgrass; Bioenergy; Biomass yield; Breeding methodology ID PANICUM-VIRGATUM L.; DRY-MATTER DIGESTIBILITY; PERENNIAL FORAGE GRASSES; HALF-SIB FAMILIES; LOWLAND SWITCHGRASS; POPULATIONS; PLANT; GAINS; CROPS AB Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is currently undergoing intensive breeding efforts to improve biomass yield. Consideration must be made regarding the relative importance of spaced plantings to sward plots for evaluation and selection for increased biomass yield. It has previously been suggested that selection schemes using secondary plant morphological traits as selection criteria within spaced plantings may be an efficient method of making genetic gain. The objective of this study was to empirically test the effects of direct selection for plant height, tiller count, flowering date, and visual selection for biomass yield within spaced plantings on biomass yield and morphology traits within sward plots. Divergently selected populations for each trait were developed from the WS4U upland tetraploid germplasm and evaluated for biomass yield at five locations in Wisconsin during two growing seasons. Significant variation was observed between maternal parents of the selected populations for both selected and nonselected traits. Despite substantial differences between parent plant populations for plant morphology, significant differences were not observed for sward-plot biomass yield or sward-plot morphology relative to the base population. Late flowering selections yielded 2.0 Mg/ha greater biomass than early flowering selections (29 % increase). Plant height within sward plots was observed to have a strong positive correlation with biomass yield. Tiller count was observed to have a weak correlation with biomass yield. Based on the observed results, it is recommended that greater emphasis be placed on evaluation of biomass yield using sward plots. C1 [Price, David L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Casler, Michael D.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Price, DL (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM DLPrice2@wisc.edu FU USDA-ARS by the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive grant from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-68005-30411 (CenUSA)]; Gabelman-Shippo Wisconsin Distinguished Graduate Fellowship at the University of Wisconsin-Madison FX This research was funded in part by congressionally allocated funds through USDA-ARS by the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive grant no. 2011-68005-30411 (CenUSA) from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, and by the Gabelman-Shippo Wisconsin Distinguished Graduate Fellowship at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. We thank Nick Baker, USDA-ARS, Madison, WI for technical assistance and support with field, greenhouse, and laboratory activities. NR 46 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1939-1234 EI 1939-1242 J9 BIOENERG RES JI BioEnergy Res. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 7 IS 1 BP 329 EP 337 DI 10.1007/s12155-013-9374-8 PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AC4IG UT WOS:000332484000028 ER PT J AU Zhang, C Lei, XC Scott, CT Zhu, JY Li, KC AF Zhang, Chao Lei, Xiaochun Scott, C. Tim Zhu, J. Y. Li, Kecheng TI Comparison of Dilute Acid and Sulfite Pretreatment for Enzymatic Saccharification of Earlywood and Latewood of Douglas fir SO BIOENERGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Cell walls; Pretreatment; Enzymatic hydrolysis, earlywood and latewood; Recalcitrance ID CELLULOSIC ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; LODGEPOLE PINE; SPORL PRETREATMENTS; LIGNOCELLULOSES; WOOD; FERMENTATION; RECALCITRANCE; HYDROLYSIS; SPRUCE; ASPEN AB This study applied dilute acid (DA) and sulfite pretreatment to overcome the recalcitrance of lignocelluloses (SPORL) to deconstruct earlywood and latewood cell walls of Douglas fir for fermentable sugars production through subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis. DA pretreatment removed almost all the hemicelluloses, while SPORL at initial pH = 4.5 (SP-B) removed significant amount of lignin between 20 and 25 %. But both are not sufficient for effective enzymatic saccharification. SPORL at low initial pH = 2 (SP-AB) combines the advantage of both DA and SPORL-B to achieve approximately 90 % hemicellulose removal and delignification of 10-20 %. As a result, SP-AB effectively removed recalcitrance and thereby significantly improved enzymatic saccharification compared with DA and SP-B. Results also showed that earlywood with significantly lower density produced less saccharification after DA pretreatment, suggesting that wood density does not contribute to recalcitrance. The thick cell wall of latewood did not limit chemical penetration in pretreatments. The high lignin content of earlywood limited the effectiveness of DA pretreatment for enzymatic saccharification, while hemicellulose limits the effectiveness of high pH pretreatment of SP-B. The higher hemicellulose content in the earlywood and latewood of heartwood reduced saccharification relative to the corresponding earlywood and latewood in the sapwood using DA and SP-AB. C1 [Zhang, Chao] Tianjin Univ, Sch Chem Engn & Technol, Tianjin 300072, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Chao; Scott, C. Tim; Zhu, J. Y.] USDA Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI USA. [Lei, Xiaochun; Li, Kecheng] Univ New Brunswick, Dept Chem Engn, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada. RP Zhu, JY (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI USA. EM jzhu@fs.fed.us FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) [2011-68005-30416]; USDA NIFA; Chinese Scholarship Council FX This work, as part of the Northwest Advanced Renewables Alliance (NARA), was funded by the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant No. 2011-68005-30416 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA). We would like to acknowledge Novozymes North America for their constant support by complementary providing cellulase enzymes. We would also like to thank Fred Matt of USDA Forest Products Laboratory for conducting detailed substrate chemical composition analysis. We also would like to acknowledge Gevan Marrs of Weyerhaeuser NR Company for providing the Douglas wood disk for the study. The financial support from USDA NIFA and the Chinese Scholarship Council made the visiting appointment of Zhang at the USDA Forest Products Laboratory possible. NR 32 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 22 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1939-1234 EI 1939-1242 J9 BIOENERG RES JI BioEnergy Res. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 7 IS 1 BP 362 EP 370 DI 10.1007/s12155-013-9376-6 PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AC4IG UT WOS:000332484000031 ER PT J AU Nielsen, DC Vigil, MF AF Nielsen, David C. Vigil, Merle F. TI Searching for synergism in dryland cropping systems in the central Great Plains SO FIELD CROPS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Wheat; Corn; Millet; Pea; Dryland cropping systems; Rotations; Water use; Yield; Water use efficiency; Synergism ID WATER-USE EFFICIENCY; WINTER-WHEAT; YIELD; CROPS; FALLOW; STRESS; GROWTH; PRECIPITATION; SIMULATION; MANAGEMENT AB Previously published research reported a "synergistic effect" of corn (Zea mays L) on winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L) and proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) water use efficiency (WUE) when corn (C) was the preceding crop for dryland cropping systems in the central Great Plains, i.e., less water was required to grow a unit of wheat (W) or proso millet (M) when corn was the preceding crop. A similar synergistic effect of field pea (Pisum sativum L) for seed (P) or forage (FrP) on winter wheat water use and yield has also been reported. The purpose of this study was to examine a long-term cropping systems yield and water use data set in order to determine if WUE is altered by rotational sequence (i.e., previous crop). Yield and water use data (computed by water balance using neutron probe and time-domain reflectometry measurements) were acquired from a crop rotation study conducted at Akron, CO from 1996 to 2011 using the following rotation sequences: W-fallow (F), W-C-F, W-M-F, W-C-M, W-M, W-W-C-M,W-C-M-F, W-C-M-P, W-C-M-FrP and W-M-Sunflower (S, Helianthus annuus L)-F. Water use efficiency was computed as grain yield divided by water use. Changes in WUE due to crop rotation were also evaluated based on slopes of water use/yield production functions. The analysis of these data did not support a conclusion that corn has a synergistic effect of improving WUE of wheat or millet production nor the conclusion that pea has a synergistic effect on wheat. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Nielsen, David C.; Vigil, Merle F.] USDA ARS, Cent Great Plains Res Stn, Akron, CO 80720 USA. RP Nielsen, DC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Cent Great Plains Res Stn, 40335 Cty Rd GG, Akron, CO 80720 USA. EM david.nielsen@ars.usda.gov RI Nielsen, David/A-8044-2009 OI Nielsen, David/0000-0002-8240-7183 NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4290 EI 1872-6852 J9 FIELD CROP RES JI Field Crop. Res. PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 158 BP 34 EP 42 DI 10.1016/j.fcr.2013.12.020 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AC3TI UT WOS:000332443700004 ER PT J AU Abreu, FM Geary, TW Cruppe, LH Madsen, CA Jinks, EM Pohler, KG Vasconcelos, JLM Day, ML AF Abreu, F. M. Geary, T. W. Cruppe, L. H. Madsen, C. A. Jinks, E. M. Pohler, K. G. Vasconcelos, J. L. M. Day, M. L. TI The effect of follicle age on pregnancy rate in beef cows SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cows; follicle age; pregnancy rate ID LACTATING DAIRY-COWS; OVULATORY FOLLICLE; ESTROUS-CYCLE; DOMINANT FOLLICLES; OVARIAN; HEIFERS; SIZE; PROGESTERONE; CATTLE; INSEMINATION AB The effect of the age of the ovulatory follicle on fertility in beef cows was investigated. Multiparous (n = 171) and primiparous (n = 129) postpartum beef cows in 2 groups (G1 and G2) received estradiol benzoate (EB; 1 mg/500 kg BW, intramuscular [i.m.]) 5.5 d (G1; n = 162) and 6.5 d (G2; n = 138) after the final GnRH of a synchronization program (5d CO-Synch + CIDR) to induce emergence of a new follicular wave (NFW), followed by prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha; 25 mg, i.m.) administration either 5.5 d ("young" follicle, YF; n = 155) or 9.5 d ("mature" follicle, MF; n = 145) after EB. Estrous detection coupled with AI 12 h later (estrus-AI) was performed for 60 h (MF) and 84 h (YF) after PGF(2 alpha); cows not detected in estrus within this period received timed AI (TAI) coupled with GnRH at 72 and 96 h, respectively. Within the first 72 h after PGF(2 alpha), more (P < 0.01) cows in the MF (76.3%) than YF treatment (47.7%) exhibited estrus, but through 96 h, the proportion detected in estrus (P < 0.05) and interval from PGF(2 alpha) to estrus (P < 0.01) were greater in the YF than MF treatment (88.6% vs. 76.3%, 78.9 +/- 0.8 vs. 57.5 +/- 1.6 h, respectively). Age of the ovulatory follicle at AI was greater (P < 0.01) in the MF (9.32 +/- 0.04 d) than YF (6.26 +/- 0.02 d) treatment, but follicle diameter at AI and pregnancy rates did not differ between MF (13.1 +/- 0.2 mm; 72.0%) and YF (12.9 +/- 0.1 mm; 67.1%) treatments. Regardless of treatment, the diameter of the ovulatory follicle at AI and pregnancy rate were greater (P < 0.01) with estrus-AI (13.1 +/- 0.1 mm; 75.0%) than TAI (12.6 +/- 0.2 mm; 55.4%). Cows in the MF treatment that initiated a second NFW after EB but before PGF(2 alpha) (MF2; n = 47) were induced to ovulate with GnRH and TAI at 72h, when ovulatory follicles were 4 d old and 10.2 +/- 0.2 mm in diameter. Pregnancy rate for TAI (51.1%) in MF2 did not differ from TAI pregnancy rate (55.4%) across the MF and YF treatments. In summary, the age of the ovulatory follicle affected interval to estrus and AI but did not influence pregnancy rate in suckled beef cows. C1 [Abreu, F. M.; Cruppe, L. H.; Day, M. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Abreu, F. M.; Geary, T. W.; Madsen, C. A.] ARS, USDA, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. [Jinks, E. M.; Pohler, K. G.] Univ Missouri, Div Anim Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Vasconcelos, J. L. M.] UNESP, Dept Prod Anim, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. RP Day, ML (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM day.5@osu.edu RI Vasconcelos, Jose Luiz Moraes /C-1483-2012 OI Vasconcelos, Jose Luiz Moraes /0000-0001-6324-3614 NR 29 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 92 IS 3 BP 1015 EP 1021 DI 10.2527/jas.2013-6760 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AB8JJ UT WOS:000332035900017 PM 24492556 ER PT J AU Abreu, FM Cruppe, LH Maquivar, M Utt, MD Madsen, CA Vasconcelos, JLM Mussard, ML Day, ML Geary, TW AF Abreu, F. M. Cruppe, L. H. Maquivar, M. Utt, M. D. Madsen, C. A. Vasconcelos, J. L. M. Mussard, M. L. Day, M. L. Geary, T. W. TI Effect of follicle age on conception rate in beef heifers SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE conception rate; follicle age; heifers ID GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING-HORMONE; LACTATING DAIRY-COWS; OVULATORY FOLLICLE; LUTEAL FUNCTION; PREGNANCY SUCCESS; OVARIAN-FOLLICLES; ESTROUS CYCLES; CATTLE; SIZE; SYNCHRONIZATION AB The objective of this study was to determine the effect of age of the ovulatory follicle on fertility in beef heifers. Ovulation was synchronized with the 5 d CO-Synch + controlled intravaginal drug release (CIDR) program in heifers in Montana (MT; n = 162, Hereford and Angus Crossbred) and Ohio (OH; n = 170, Angus Crossbred). All heifers received estradiol benzoate (EB; 1 mg/500 kg BW, [i.m.]) 6 d after the final GnRH of the synchronization program to induce follicular atresia and emergence of a new follicular wave (NFW) followed by prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF(2 alpha); 25 mg, i.m.) administration either 5 d ("young" follicle [YF]; n = 158) or 9 d ("mature" follicle [MF]; n = 174) after EB. Estrous detection was performed for 5 d after PGF(2 alpha) with AI approximately 12 h after onset of estrus. Ovarian ultrasonography (MT location only) was performed in YF and MF at EB, 5 d after EB, PGF(2 alpha), and AI. Heifers in MT (n = 20) and OH (n = 18) that were not presynchronized or did not initiate a NFW were excluded from further analyses, resulting in 142 and 152 heifers in MT and OH, respectively. Heifers from the MF treatment in MT that initiated a second NFW after EB but before PGF(2 alpha) (MF2; n = 14) were excluded from the primary analysis. In the secondary analysis, the MF2 group was compared to MF and YF treatments in MT. Estrous response was similar (90%; 252/280) between treatments and locations. Proestrus interval (from PGF(2 alpha) to estrus) and age of the ovulatory follicle at AI were similar for MF heifers between locations (54.6 +/- 1.7 h and 8.3 +/- 0.07 h) but were greater (P < 0.01) for YF heifers in OH (78.5 +/- 1.4 h and 5.3 +/- 0.06 h) than MT (67.4 +/- 1.6 h and 4.8 +/- 0.06 h; treatment x location, P < 0.01). However, conception rate did not differ for MF (63.8%; 74/116) and YF (67.0%; 91/136) treatments. In the MT heifers, follicle size and follicle age atAI in the YF treatment (10.4 +/- 0.15 mm and 4.8 +/- 0.06 d, respectively) was less (P < 0.01) than in the MF treatment (11.0 +/- 0.18 mm and 8.3 +/- 0.11 d, respectively), but conception rate to AI did not differ between treatments in MT. In the MF2 group proestrus interval was greater (P < 0.01); hence, diameter of the ovulatory follicle and age were similar to that for the YF treatment. Conception rate to AI did not differ between MF2, MF, and YF (61.5, 63.3, and 64.7%, respectively) in MT. In conclusion, manipulation of age of the nonpersistent ovulatory follicle at spontaneous ovulation did not influence conception rate. C1 [Abreu, F. M.; Cruppe, L. H.; Maquivar, M.; Utt, M. D.; Mussard, M. L.; Day, M. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Abreu, F. M.; Madsen, C. A.; Geary, T. W.] ARS, USDA, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. [Vasconcelos, J. L. M.] UNESP, Dept Prod Anim, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. RP Geary, TW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. EM tom.geary@ars.usda.gov RI Vasconcelos, Jose Luiz Moraes /C-1483-2012 OI Vasconcelos, Jose Luiz Moraes /0000-0001-6324-3614 FU State and Federal funds appropriated to the Ohio Agricultural Resource Development Center (OARDC) FX Mention of a proprietary product does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by USDA or the authors and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that may also be suitable. USDA-ARS, is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. All agency services are available without discrimination. Aportion of salaries and support provided by State and Federal funds appropriated to the Ohio Agricultural Resource Development Center (OARDC; Manuscript No. 017/13AS). Appreciation is extended to Gregg Fogle, Mike Woods, Doug Armstrong, Alan Mason, and Tyler Johnson for their assistance with this project and Pfizer Animal Health for their product support. NR 28 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 92 IS 3 BP 1022 EP 1028 DI 10.2527/jas.2013-6761 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AB8JJ UT WOS:000332035900018 PM 24492565 ER PT J AU Edrington, TS Bischoff, KM Loneragan, GH Nisbet, DJ AF Edrington, T. S. Bischoff, K. M. Loneragan, G. H. Nisbet, D. J. TI Evaluation of feeding distiller's grains, containing virginiamycin, on antimicrobial susceptibilities in fecal isolates of Enterococcus and Escherichia coli and prevalence of resistance genes in cattle SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE antimicrobial resistance; cattle; distiller's grains; virginiamycin ID FERMENTATION; BACTERIA; YEAST AB Dried distiller's grains (DG) produced from ethanol fermentations dosed with 0 (control), 2, or 20 mg/kg virginiamycin-based product or spiked with virginiamycin (VM) postfermentation were fed to cattle and effects on antimicrobial susceptibility, and prevalence of antimicrobial resistance genes in commensal bacteria was examined. Biological activity assays of DG (from each fermentation) indicated a concentration of 0, 0.7, and 8.9 mg/kg VM, respectively. Twenty-four crossbred beef steers were fed 1 of 4 diets (containing 8% of each of the different batches of DG) and a fourth using 8% of the control DG (0 mg/kg VM) + 0.025 g/kg V-Max50 (positive control) for 7 wk. Fecal samples were collected weekly throughout the experimental period and cultured for Escherichia coli and Enterococcus, and isolates were examined for anti-microbial susceptibility, antimicrobial resistance genes (vatE, ermB, and msrC in Enterococcus), and integrons (E. coli). No treatment differences (P > 0.05) were observed in antimicrobial susceptibility of the E. coli isolates. Enterococcus isolates were resistant to more antimicrobials; however, this was influenced by the species of Enterococcus and not treatment (P > 0.10). The prevalence of ermB was greater (P < 0.05) in the control isolates after 4 and 6 wk while at wk 7, prevalence was greater (P < 0.01) in the 0.7 and 8.9 mg/kg VM treatments. Taken together, the minor treatment differences observed for the presence of ermB coupled with the lack of effect on antimicrobial susceptibility patterns suggest that feeding DG containing VM residues should have minimal if any impact on prevalence of antimicrobial resistance. C1 [Edrington, T. S.; Nisbet, D. J.] ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, USDA, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Bischoff, K. M.] ARS, Renewable Prod Technol Res Unit, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Loneragan, G. H.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. RP Edrington, TS (reprint author), ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, USDA, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM edrington@ars.usda.gov NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 19 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 92 IS 3 BP 1144 EP 1149 DI 10.2527/jas.2013-6954 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AB8JJ UT WOS:000332035900031 PM 24492576 ER PT J AU Marchant-Forde, JN Lay, DC McMunn, KA Cheng, HW Pajor, EA Marchant-Forde, RM AF Marchant-Forde, J. N. Lay, D. C., Jr. McMunn, K. A. Cheng, H. W. Pajor, E. A. Marchant-Forde, R. M. TI Postnatal piglet husbandry practices and well-being: The effects of alternative techniques delivered in combination SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE growth; pain; physiology; pigs; routine processing; vocalizations ID TEETH RESECTION PROCEDURES; BETA-ENDORPHIN; TAIL DOCKING; PHYSIOLOGICAL-RESPONSES; PLASMA-CONCENTRATIONS; BEHAVIORAL-RESPONSES; FARROWING CRATES; TOOTH RESECTION; YOUNG-PIGS; CASTRATION AB After birth, piglets undergo procedures likely to cause stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate stress responses evoked by 2 combinations (More Stressful [all a] or Less Stressful [all b]) of alternative methods for performing 1) teeth resection: [a] clip vs. [b] grind, 2) identification: [a] ear tag vs. [b] ear notch, 3) iron administration: [a] inject vs. [b] oral, 4) castration: [a] cords cut vs. [b] cords torn, and 5) tail docking (TD): [a] cold clip vs. [b] hot clip. Ten litters of eight 2- and 3-d-old piglets were assigned to each procedure. Within each litter 1 male and 1 female piglet was assigned to 1 of 4 possible procedures: the 2 combinations, sham procedures, and sham procedures plus blood sampling. Blood was collected before processing and at 45 min, 4 h, 48 h, 1 wk, and 2 wk afterward and assayed for cortisol and beta-endorphin concentrations. Procedures were videotaped and analyzed to evaluate the time taken to perform the procedure and the number of squeals, grunts, and escape attempts. Vocalizations were analyzed to determine mean and peak frequencies and duration. Piglets were weighed before the procedure and at 24 h, 48 h, 1 wk, and 2 wk afterward. Identification, tail docking, and castration lesions were scored on a 0 to 5 scale at 24 h, 1 wk, and 2 wk postprocedure. Both combinations of methods took longer to carry out than sham procedures and resulted in more squeals, grunts, and escape attempts during the procedures and higher peak frequencies of vocalizations compared with the control treatments (P < 0.05). Cortisol concentrations 45 min after processing were also higher in the 2 combination treatments than in the sham treatments (P < 0.05). Comparing between procedure treatments, the More Stressful combination of methods took longer to carry out, resulted in higher beta-endorphin concentrations at 1 wk, had higher peak frequency of vocalizations, and increased ear (P < 0.05) and tail wound (P < 0.1) lesion scores at 1 wk than the Less Stressful combination. Growth during d 2 to 7 postprocedure was lower in More Stressful piglets than control piglets (P < 0.05) but by 2 wk, growth was unaffected. Using measures of behavior, physiology, and productivity, the More Stressful combination of procedures decreased welfare relative to the Less Stressful combination; however, both combinations decreased welfare relative to controls. The time taken to carry out the procedure would appear to be an important factor in the strength of the stress response. C1 [Marchant-Forde, J. N.; Lay, D. C., Jr.; McMunn, K. A.; Cheng, H. W.; Marchant-Forde, R. M.] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Pajor, E. A.] Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Marchant-Forde, JN (reprint author), Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM Jeremy.marchant-forde@ars.usda.gov OI Marchant-Forde, Jeremy/0000-0002-5287-2914 FU National Pork Board [04-043] FX This work was supported in part by the National Pork Board grant number 04-043. The authors thank Laura Hasenour, Lauren Re, and the LBRU technical staff for their assistance in data collection and analysis. NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 46 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 92 IS 3 BP 1150 EP 1160 DI 10.2527/jas.2013-6929 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AB8JJ UT WOS:000332035900032 PM 24492555 ER PT J AU Mays, AR Brown, MA von Tunglen, DL Rosenkrans, CF AF Mays, A. R. Brown, M. A. von Tunglen, D. L. Rosenkrans, C. F., Jr. TI Milk production traits of beef cows as affected by horn fly count and sire breed type SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE beef cows; horn fly; milk yield; milk quality; sire breed ID DAIRY-CATTLE; PERFORMANCE; MUSCIDAE; DIPTERA; WEIGHT; HEREFORD; BRAHMAN; YIELDS AB Horn fly infestations negatively impact economic traits of beef cattle. Our objective was to determine the impact of horn flies on beef cattle milk yield and quality. Cows (n = 53) were derived from Brangus dams and sired by Bonsmara (n = 7), Brangus (n = 13), Charolais (n = 8), Gelbvieh (n = 5), Hereford (n = 12), and Romosinuano (n = 8) bulls. Horn fly counts and estimates of milk yield and quality were recorded monthly from May through October on individual cows. Data for milk yield and quality and horn fly count were analyzed by mixed model least squares using a linear model including sire breed, cow in sire breed, month, and month x sire breed. Effects of horn fly count on milk yield and quality were estimated by analysis of covariance using log horn fly count and log horn fly count x sire breed. Horn fly counts varied by month (P < 0.0001), with lowest population recorded in May (99 flies) and peaked in August (520 flies). Bonsmara and Gelbvieh sired cows had greater (P < 0.05) milk yield compared to Hereford sired cows (8.75 and 8.62 vs. 6.02 kg/d, respectively). Milk yield from Charolais, Romosinuano, and Brangus sired cows was intermediate (7.28, 7.00, and 7.06 kg/d, respectively). Regression of milk yield on fly count differed (P < 0.05) among sire breeds. Milk yield was reduced (P < 0.05) by 0.99 and 0.64 kg/d per unit increase in log horn fly count in Gelbvieh and Bonsmara sired cows. Regression coefficient for milk yield on log horn fly count was reduced (P < 0.01) in Gelbvieh sired cows when compared with Brangus, Charolais, Hereford, and Romosinuano sired cows, and coefficients for Bonsmara sired cows were reduced (P < 0.05) in comparison to Brangus sired cows. Increases in log fly count were associated with decreases (P < 0.05) in milk fat, solids-not-fat, and milk urea nitrogen. Milk yield was reduced (P < 0.05) by increased fly numbers depending on month of lactation and interaction with log horn fly count. In May, June, and July milk yield was reduced 0.72, 0.68, and 0.71 kg/d per unit increase in log horn fly count. Our results indicate that horn fly infestations reduce milk yield and quality of spring-calving beef cows depending on sire breed and month of lactation. Development of sustainable beef production systems may include selecting breed types whose milk yield and quality is less influenced by horn flies, allowing for better expression of genetic potential for milk yield in nutritionally challenging environments. C1 [Mays, A. R.; Rosenkrans, C. F., Jr.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Anim Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Brown, M. A.; von Tunglen, D. L.] ARS, USDA, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. RP Rosenkrans, CF (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Anim Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM crosenkr@uark.edu FU USDA-ARS [58-6218-1-125]; USDA-NIFA; Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station FX This study was supported in part by USDA-ARS cooperative agreement 58-6218-1-125, USDA-NIFA, and Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 92 IS 3 BP 1208 EP 1212 DI 10.2527/jas.2013-7147 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AB8JJ UT WOS:000332035900038 PM 24492544 ER PT J AU Pesqueira, A Harmon, DL Branco, AF Klotz, JL AF Pesqueira, A. Harmon, D. L. Branco, A. F. Klotz, J. L. TI Bovine lateral saphenous veins exposed to ergopeptine alkaloids do not relax SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE bovine; contractile response; ergoline alkaloids; ergopeptine alkaloids ID TALL FESCUE; ERGOT ALKALOIDS; ERGOVALINE; DIHYDROERGOTAMINE; PHARMACOLOGY; BIOASSAY; TYPHINA; GRASS AB The ergot alkaloid ergovaline has demonstrated a persistent and sustained contractile response in several different vascular models. It was hypothesized that different alkaloids isolated from tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum) will contribute to this contractile response differently. The objective was to compare contractile-response patterns of single additions of the ergoline alkaloids lysergic acid, lysergol, and ergonovine and the ergopeptine alkaloids ergotamine, ergocristine, ergocryptine, ergocornine, and ergovaline (provided as tall fescue seed extract). Lateral saphenous veins were collected from 6 Holstein steers (BW = 397 +/- 28 kg) immediately after slaughter, sliced into cross-sections, and suspended in myograph chambers containing oxygenated Krebs-Henseleit buffer (95% O-2/5% CO2; pH = 7.4; 37 degrees C). Treatments were added at 0 min and buffer was replaced in 15-min intervals for a 120-min incubation. In addition to maximum tension and time to reach maximum tension, percent relaxation and rate of relaxation were determined following maximum tension for each treatment. All compounds tested produced significant contractile responses (P < 0.05). All ergoline alkaloids reached maximum response in less time (P < 0.05) than the remaining compounds and began to relax immediately after first buffer change. Lysergic acid had the greatest (P < 0.05) percent relaxation and ergonovine had the greatest (P < 0.05) rate of relaxation. The ergopeptine alkaloids ergovaline, ergotamine, ergocristine, ergocryptine, and ergocornine had slower developing contractile responses with a longer (P < 0.05) interval until maximum tension was achieved compared to the ergoline alkaloids. Maximal responses to all the ergopeptine alkaloids, however, all persisted for the 120-min duration with negligible relaxation occurring. The different classes of alkaloids differed greatly in the type of contractile response generated in the lateral saphenous vein. Persistence of contractile response is thought to be the primary contributing factor to the vasoconstriction observed in animals demonstrating signs of fescue toxicosis, where different ergot alkaloids can contribute differently. C1 [Pesqueira, A.; Harmon, D. L.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Branco, A. F.] Univ Estadual Maringa, Maringa, Parana, Brazil. [Klotz, J. L.] ARS, USDA, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. RP Klotz, JL (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. EM james.klotz@ars.usda.gov RI Pesqueira, Aldieris/F-7281-2015 NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 92 IS 3 BP 1213 EP 1218 DI 10.2527/jas.2013-7142 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AB8JJ UT WOS:000332035900039 PM 24492541 ER PT J AU Leger, EA Goergen, EM de Queiroz, TF AF Leger, Elizabeth A. Goergen, Erin M. de Queiroz, Tara Forbis TI Can native annual forbs reduce Bromus tectorum biomass and indirectly facilitate establishment of a native perennial grass? SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article DE Amsinckia; Competition; Indirect facilitation; Restoration; Succession ID PLANT-COMMUNITIES; SAGEBRUSH STEPPE; GREAT-BASIN; SEMIARID ENVIRONMENT; VEGETATION DYNAMICS; PRESCRIBED FIRE; RESTORATION; AVAILABILITY; COMPETITION; WHEATGRASS AB Restoration is challenging in systems invaded by competitive, disturbance oriented plants, but greater success may be achieved by mimicking natural successional processes and including disturbance-oriented natives in a seed mix. We asked whether seven native annual forbs from the Great Basin Desert, USA, were capable of reducing biomass of the invasive annual grass Bromus tectorum, and if competition between forbs and B. tectorum could indirectly promote establishment of the native perennial grass Elymus multisetus. Some annual forbs were highly competitive with B. tectorum. For example, in a field experiment, Amsinckia tessellata reduced B. tectorum biomass by 97%, and Amsinckia intermedia, A. tessellata, and Descurainia pinnata reduced seed output between 79 and 87%. Adding native forbs to interacting B. tectorum and E. multisetus increased E. multisetus seedling growth rates in the greenhouse, but had no significant positive effects in the field. Strong suppressive effects of native forbs on B. tectorum might lead to indirect enhancement of perennial native species in subsequent years. While native colonizing species are often themselves considered "weedy", they may be able to serve a transitory role in community recovery, allowing restoration in invaded systems to progress towards more desirable vegetation. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Leger, Elizabeth A.; Goergen, Erin M.] Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Reno, NV 89512 USA. [de Queiroz, Tara Forbis] ARS, USDA, Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, Reno, NV 89512 USA. RP Leger, EA (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Mail Stop 186,1000 Valley Rd, Reno, NV 89512 USA. EM ealeger@gmail.com; erin.goergen@gmail.com; taradeq@gmail.com FU Great Basin Native Plant Selection and Increase Project FX We thank Sandra Li for exceptional plant care and data collection assistance. Jamie Roice, Patricia Bobo, and William Ratier helped with data collection and plant maintenance, and Keirith Snyder assisted with technical issues. This research was funded by Great Basin Native Plant Selection and Increase Project grants to T. F.d.Q. and E. L NR 52 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 38 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0140-1963 EI 1095-922X J9 J ARID ENVIRON JI J. Arid. Environ. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 102 BP 9 EP 16 DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2013.10.015 PG 8 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AC3RB UT WOS:000332437800002 ER PT J AU Zhou, B Luo, YG Nou, XW Yang, Y Wu, YP Wang, Q AF Zhou, Bin Luo, Yaguang Nou, Xiangwu Yang, Yang Wu, Yunpeng Wang, Qin TI Effects of Postharvest Handling Conditions on Internalization and Growth of Salmonella enterica in Tomatoes SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID CAROTOVORA SUBSP CAROTOVORA; BACTERIAL SOFT-ROT; CHLORINATED WATER; RAW TOMATOES; INFILTRATION; SURVIVAL; MONTEVIDEO; FRUIT; TEMPERATURE; SUSPENSIONS AB Salmonella internalization in tomatoes during postharvest handling is a major food safety concern. This study was conducted to determine the effect of immersion time, immersion depth, and temperature differential between bacterial suspension and tomato pulp on the internalization of Salmonella enterica in tomato fruits. The effect of storage temperature and duration on the survival and growth of internalized Salmonella cells was also evaluated. Overall, immersion time significantly affected the incidence and extent of S. enterica internalization (P < 0.0001), with a linear correlation between immersion time and Salmonella internalization. The depth of Salmonella internalization in tomato tissues also increased with increasing immersion time. Immersion time also significantly influenced the degree to which the temperature differential affected Salmonella internalization. With an immersion time of 2 min, the temperature differential had no significant effect on Salmonella internalization (P = 0.2536). However, with an immersion time of 15 min, a significantly larger Salmonella population became internalized in tomatoes immersed in solutions with a -30 degrees F (-16.7 degrees C) temperature differential. Internalized S. enterica cells persisted in the core tissues during 14 days of storage. Strain type and storage duration significantly affected (P < 0.05) both the frequency detected and the population of internalized Salmonella recovered, but storage temperatures of 55 to 70 F (12.8 to 21.1 degrees C) did not (P > 0.05). These findings indicate the importance of preventing pathogen internalization during postharvest handling. C1 [Zhou, Bin; Luo, Yaguang; Nou, Xiangwu; Yang, Yang] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Environm Microbiol & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Zhou, Bin; Wu, Yunpeng; Wang, Qin] Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Luo, YG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Environm Microbiol & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM yaguang.luo@ars.usda.gov FU Center for Produce Safety [2009-51]; U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Specialty Crop Research Initiative [2010-01165] FX The authors. thank Drs. P. Miller (USDA, ARS, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD) and M. Brandl (USDA, ARS, WRRC) for providing Salmonella strains used in this study. This study was partially supported by a research grant from the Center for Produce Safety (project 2009-51). We also acknowledge the grant from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Specialty Crop Research Initiative (Award 2010-01165). NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 15 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 77 IS 3 BP 365 EP 370 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-13-307 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA AC5WK UT WOS:000332591500003 PM 24674426 ER PT J AU Cox, NA Buhr, RJ Smith, DP Cason, JA Rigsby, LL Bourassa, DV Fedorka-Cray, PJ Cosby, DE AF Cox, N. A. Buhr, R. J. Smith, D. P. Cason, J. A. Rigsby, L. L. Bourassa, D. V. Fedorka-Cray, P. J. Cosby, D. E. TI Sampling Naturally Contaminated Broiler Carcasses for Salmonella by Three Different Methods SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID POULTRY CARCASSES; RINSE; EXCISION; MEAT AB Postchill neck skin maceration (NSM) and whole-carcass rinsing (WCR) are frequently used methods to detect salmonellae from processed broilers. These are practical, nondestructive methods, but they are insensitive and may result in false negatives (20 to 40%). Neck skin samples comprise only 4% of the skin from the broiler carcass by weight, while WCR will not detect firmly attached Salmonella organisms and only 7.5% of the rinsate is utilized. Whole-carcass enrichment (WCE) involves incubation of the whole carcass overnight in a preenrichment broth and can recover as few as 8 inoculated Salmonella cells per carcass. The objective of this study was to use NSM, WCR, and WCE sampling to detect naturally occurring Salmonella from the same commercially processed broiler either prechill or postchill. Ten carcasses were obtained prechill and another 10 postchill on each of two replicate days from each of two commercial processing plants. From each carcass, 8.3 g of neck skin was sampled, and then the carcass was rinsed with 400 ml of 1% buffered peptone water. Thirty milliliters was removed and incubated (WCR), and the remaining 370 ml of broth and the carcass were incubated at 37 degrees C for 24 h (WCE). Overall, Salmonella organisms were detected on 21, 24, and 32 of 40 prechill carcasses by NSM, WCR, and WCE, respectively, while 2, 2, and 19 of 40 postchill carcasses were positive by the respective methods. Prechill carcasses were 64% (77 of 120) positive for Salmonella, while postchill carcasses were 19% (23 of 120) positive. Commercial processing reduced the positive-sample prevalence by 45%. Salmonella organisms were detected on 20% (24 of 120) of the samples from plant 1 and 63% (76 of 120) of the carcasses from plant 2. This study demonstrates significant differences in the results for Salmonella prevalence among sampling methods both before and after immersion chilling, as well as between processing plants on days that samples were taken. C1 [Cox, N. A.; Buhr, R. J.; Rigsby, L. L.; Bourassa, D. V.; Fedorka-Cray, P. J.; Cosby, D. E.] ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Smith, D. P.] N Carolina State Univ, Prestage Dept Poultry Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Cox, NA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM nelson.cox@ars.usda.gov NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 8 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 77 IS 3 BP 493 EP 495 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-13-320 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA AC5WK UT WOS:000332591500020 PM 24674443 ER PT J AU Hull, JM Englis, A Medley, JR Jepsen, EP Duncan, JR Ernest, HB Keane, JJ AF Hull, Joshua M. Englis, Andrew, Jr. Medley, Joseph R. Jepsen, Eric P. Duncan, James R. Ernest, Holly B. Keane, John J. TI A NEW SUBSPECIES OF GREAT GRAY OWL (STRTX NEBULOSA) IN THE SIERRA NEVADA OF CALIFORNIA, USA SO JOURNAL OF RAPTOR RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Great Gray Owl; Strix nebulosa; California; owl; phylogenetic; Sierra Nevada; subspecies ID BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY; GENETIC-STRUCTURE; CONSERVATION; EVOLUTIONARY; POPULATIONS; DIFFERENTIATION; DNA C1 [Hull, Joshua M.; Medley, Joseph R.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Englis, Andrew, Jr.] Univ Calif Davis, Museum Fish & Wildlife Biol, Dept Wildlife Fish & Conservat Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Medley, Joseph R.; Jepsen, Eric P.; Keane, John J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Sierra Nevada Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95618 USA. [Duncan, James R.] Manitoba Conservat & Water Stewardship, Wildlife Branch, Winnipeg, MB R3J 3W3, Canada. [Ernest, Holly B.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Populat Hlth & Reprod, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Hull, JM (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, Meyer Hall,One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM jmhull@ucdavis.edu FU U.S.D.A. Forest Service-Pacific Southwest Research Station-Sierra Nevada Research Center, Region 5-U.S.D.A. Forest Service FX We thank the U.S.D.A. Forest Service, Yosemite National Park, R. Byrnes, C. Gallagher, R. Gerrard, P. Krueger, the late J. Maurer, S. Stock, and S. Thompson for assistance with sample collection and logistical support. We thank the following museums for access to their specimens: Museum of Comparative Zoology (J. Trimble), U.S. National Museum - Bird Division (J. Dean), Museum of Vertebrate Zoology (C. Cicero) and Museum of Wildlife and Fish Biology (I. Engilis). E. Harper provided photographs of northern birds from Montana and Wyoming and A.M. Engilis provided assistance in recording data from specimens. We also thank the Editor and three peer reviewers for their thoughtful comments and guidance. Financial support for this study was provided by the U.S.D.A. Forest Service-Pacific Southwest Research Station-Sierra Nevada Research Center, Region 5-U.S.D.A. Forest Service. NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 19 PU RAPTOR RESEARCH FOUNDATION INC PI HASTINGS PA 14377 117TH STREET SOUTH, HASTINGS, MN 55033 USA SN 0892-1016 EI 2162-4569 J9 J RAPTOR RES JI J. Raptor Res. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 48 IS 1 BP 68 EP 77 PG 10 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA AC7YQ UT WOS:000332750600008 ER PT J AU Keim, NL Forester, SM Lyly, M Aaron, GJ Townsend, MS AF Keim, Nancy L. Forester, Shavawn M. Lyly, Marika Aaron, Grant J. Townsend, Marilyn S. TI Vegetable Variety Is a Key to Improved Diet Quality in Low-Income Women in California SO JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS LA English DT Article DE Dietary guidelines; Healthy Eating Index; Diet cost; Energy density ID FOOD FREQUENCY QUESTIONNAIRE; MULTIPLE-PASS METHOD; ENERGY-DENSE DIETS; FRENCH ADULTS; COSTS; COMMUNITY; VALIDITY; TRIAL; FRUIT AB Primary prevention education interventions, including those sponsored by the US Department of Agriculture for low-income families, encourage and support increases in vegetable intake. Promoting vegetable variety as a focal point for behavior change may be a useful strategy to increase vegetable consumption. A simple vegetable variety evaluation tool might be useful to replace the time-intensive 24-hour dietary recall. The purpose of our study was to determine whether vegetable variety is associated with vegetable consumption and diet quality among US Department of Agriculture program participants. Variety of vegetable intake and measures of total vegetable intake, diet quality, and diet cost were evaluated. Low-income, female participants (N=112) aged 20 to 55 years with body mass index 17.7 to 68.5 who were the primary food purchasers/preparers for their households were recruited from four California counties representing rural, urban, and suburban areas. Energy density and Healthy Eating Index-2005 were used to assess diet quality. Vegetable variety was based on number of different vegetables consumed per week using a food frequency questionnaire, and three groups were identified as: low variety, <= 5 different vegetables per week; moderate variety, 6 to 9 vegetables per week; and high variety, >= 10 vegetables per week. Compared with the low-variety group, participants in the high-variety group ate a greater quantity of vegetables per day (P<0.001); their diets had a higher Healthy Eating Index score (P<0.001) and lower energy density (P<0.001); and cogs of their daily diet and vegetable use were higher (P<0.001). Thus, greater vegetable variety was related to better overall diet quality, a larger quantity of vegetables consumed, and increased diet cost. C1 [Keim, Nancy L.] Univ Calif Davis, USDA, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Keim, Nancy L.; Forester, Shavawn M.; Aaron, Grant J.; Townsend, Marilyn S.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Forester, Shavawn M.] Tahoe Forest Hosp, Truckee, CA USA. [Lyly, Marika] VAASAN Grp, Espoo, Finland. [Aaron, Grant J.] Global Alliance Improved Nutr, Geneva, Switzerland. RP Keim, NL (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, USDA, ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, 430 W Hlth Sci Dr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM nancy.keim@ars.usda.gov FU US Department of Agriculture Cooperative State Research Education and Extension Service (National Research Initiative) [2004-35215-14441]; US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [5360-51530-019-00D] FX Funding for this project was obtained from the US Department of Agriculture Cooperative State Research Education and Extension Service (National Research Initiative grant no. 2004-35215-14441) and from the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service Project no. 5360-51530-019-00D. NR 28 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 2212-2672 J9 J ACAD NUTR DIET JI J. Acad. Nutr. Diet. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 114 IS 3 BP 430 EP 435 DI 10.1016/j.jand.2013.07.026 PG 6 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AC4OR UT WOS:000332501100011 PM 24095620 ER PT J AU Liu, CK Latona, NP AF Liu, Cheng-Kung Latona, Nicholas P. TI EFFECTS OF THICKNESS AND GAIN ON THE AMPLITUDE OF AIRBORNE ULTRASONICS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID LEATHER; HIDES AB Currently, hides and leather are visually inspected and graded for quality, usable area, and sale price. However, visual inspection is not reliable for detecting defects that are hidden inside the material. Development of a non-contact nondestructive method to accurately evaluate the quality of hides and leather is urgently needed. We previously reported the research results for airborne ultrasonic (AU) testing using non-contact transducers to evaluate the quality of hides and leather. The ability of AU testing was demonstrated for revealing defects in hides and leather that were difficult to be found during visual inspection. We also reported results on AU inspection using a statistical data/cluster analysis technique, in which leather and hide defects were depicted as color-coded amplitude maps, or "C-scans." Recently new research was carried out to study the effects of transducer frequency, thickness of leather, and AU gain on the resultant AU amplitude received, which was shown in a C-scan imagine. Observation showed that a lower frequency of 100 KHz yielded better transmission of AU waves through samples and the AU gain should be less than -5dB. In addition, the amplitude of the C-scan decreased with the thickness of the samples. This study has provided a significant guidance for successful AU testing. C1 [Liu, Cheng-Kung; Latona, Nicholas P.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Liu, CK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM ChengKung.Liu@ars.usda.gov NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOC PI LUBBOCK PA 1314 50 ST, STE 103, LUBBOCK, TX 79412 USA SN 0002-9726 J9 J AM LEATHER CHEM AS JI J. Am. Leather Chem. Assoc. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 109 IS 3 BP 70 EP 75 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Materials Science, Textiles SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA AC3MU UT WOS:000332426700001 ER PT J AU Taylor, MM Lee, J Bumanlag, LP Latona, RJ Brown, EM AF Taylor, M. M. Lee, J. Bumanlag, L. P. Latona, R. J. Brown, E. M. TI BIOPOLYMERS PRODUCED FROM GELATIN AND WHEY PROTEIN CONCENTRATE USING POLYPHENOLS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID OXIDIZED PHENOLIC-COMPOUNDS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; FERULIC ACID; TANNIC-ACID; SURIMI; FILMS; GELS AB Several researchers have recently demonstrated the feasibility of producing biopolymers from the reaction of polyphenols with gelatin in combination with other proteins (e.g. whey) or with carbohydrates (e.g. chitosan and pectin). These combinations would take advantage of the unique properties of both species and at the same time create products with enhanced functional properties. We have successfully demonstrated that the polyphenolic gallic acid and the vegetable tannins quebracho and tara could be used to modify gelatin and whey protein concentrate (WPC) resulting in a subsequent change in the physicochemical properties of each. When gelatin-polyphenol products were used as fillers, considerable improvements were seen in the subjective properties of the leather and when compared to control samples, there was no significant impact on mechanical properties. In this continuing research, we have begun to evaluate the potential of tara-modified gelatin/WPC biopolymers, specifically for their application as fillers. In this study, modification parameters for gelatin/WPC combinations will be explored, and the results of product characterization using physicochemical analyses will be presented. These studies could further contribute to the use of sustainable resources in production of unique products that may have leather processing applications. C1 [Taylor, M. M.; Lee, J.; Bumanlag, L. P.; Latona, R. J.; Brown, E. M.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Taylor, MM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM maryann.taylor@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 19 PU AMER LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOC PI LUBBOCK PA 1314 50 ST, STE 103, LUBBOCK, TX 79412 USA SN 0002-9726 J9 J AM LEATHER CHEM AS JI J. Am. Leather Chem. Assoc. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 109 IS 3 BP 82 EP 88 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Materials Science, Textiles SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA AC3MU UT WOS:000332426700003 ER PT J AU Zhao, CP Zan, LS Wang, Y Updike, MS Liu, G Bequette, BJ Baldwin, RL Song, JZ AF Zhao, Chunping Zan, Linsen Wang, Yan Updike, M. Scott Liu, George Bequette, Brian J. Baldwin, Ransom L. Song, Jiuzhou TI Functional proteomic and interactome analysis of proteins associated with beef tenderness in Angus cattle SO LIVESTOCK SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Beef; Tenderness; Proteomics; Interactome; Pathways; Longissimus thoracis ID MEAT QUALITY; MUSCLE; GENE; CARCASS; SATISFACTION; MECHANISMS; STEAKS; BULLS AB Beef is a source of high quality protein for consumers. Beef tenderness significantly influences meat palatability, consumer expectation and industry profitability. To further elucidate the factors affecting beef tenderness, functional proteomics and bioinformatics interactome analyses were performed on Longissimus thoracis (LT) tissues from Angus cattle. Proteins were analyzed by SDS-PAGE and linearly regressed against tenderness measured by the Warner-Bratzler shear forces (WBSF). Seventeen electrophoresed bands appeared to be correlated with beef tenderness. Two of the bands with the most significant correlations were selected and submitted to LCMS/MS for analysis. Eight proteins, beta-enolase (ENOB), L-lactate dehydrogenase A chain (LDHA), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (G3P), carbonic anhydrase 3 (CAH3), phosphoglycerate mutase 2 (PGAM2), peroxiredoxin-6 (PRDX6), myosin heavy chain 1 (MYH1) and myosin heavy chain 7 (MYH7), were identified from these two bands. Interactions with these eight protein markers were constructed using Cytoscape and further functional annotation analysis indicated that these proteins of the interactome were involved in metabolic pathways, such as carbohydrate metabolic and catabolic processes, apoptosis, peptidase activity and responses to stress. The results of this study provide a novel insight into the functional interaction of proteins and beef tenderness. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhao, Chunping; Zan, Linsen] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Zhao, Chunping; Updike, M. Scott; Bequette, Brian J.; Song, Jiuzhou] Univ Maryland, Dept Anim & Avian Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Baldwin, Ransom L.] USDA ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Wang, Yan] Univ Maryland, Prote Core Facil, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Wang, Yan] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Song, JZ (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Anim & Avian Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM zhao.chunping@hotmail.com; zanls@yahoo.com.cn; yanwang@umd.edu; msupdike@gmail.com; george.liu@ars.usda.gov; bbequett@umd.edu; ransom.baldwin@ars.usda.gov; songj88@umd.edu FU Maryland Agricultural Experiment Station; Jorgensen Endowment Funds; National Research Initiative Competitive [2007-35206-17917] FX The work was supported by Maryland Agricultural Experiment Station and Jorgensen Endowment Funds. This project was sampled from the USDA-CSREES funded by the National Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2007-35206-17917. NR 51 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 8 U2 49 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-1413 EI 1878-0490 J9 LIVEST SCI JI Livest. Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 161 BP 201 EP 209 DI 10.1016/j.livsci.2013.11.030 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AC3RO UT WOS:000332439100024 ER PT J AU Snell, LK Guretzky, JA Jin, VL Drijber, RA Mamo, M AF Snell, Laura K. Guretzky, John A. Jin, Virginia L. Drijber, Rhae A. Mamo, Martha TI Nitrous oxide emissions and herbage accumulation in smooth bromegrass pastures with nitrogen fertilizer and ruminant urine application SO NUTRIENT CYCLING IN AGROECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Greenhouse gases; Nitrogen cycling; Pasture management; Temperate pastures ID WESTERN PUERTO-RICO; N2O EMISSIONS; GRASSLAND SOIL; NEW-ZEALAND; GRAZED GRASSLAND; CARBON-DIOXIDE; ANIMAL URINE; FLUXES; TILLAGE; METHANE AB Agricultural soils contribute significantly to nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, but little data is available on N2O emissions from smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.) pastures. This study evaluated soil N2O emissions and herbage accumulation from smooth bromegrass pasture in eastern Nebraska, USA. Nitrous oxide emissions were measured biweekly from March to October in 2011 and 2012 using vented static chambers on smooth bromegrass plots treated with a factorial combination of five urea nitrogen (N) fertilizer rates (0, 45, 90, 135, and 180 kg ha(-1)) and two ruminant urine treatments (distilled water and urine). Urine input strongly affected daily and cumulative N2O emissions, but responses to N fertilizer rate depended on growing season rainfall. In 2011, when rainfall was normal, cumulative N2O emissions increased exponentially with N fertilizer rate. In 2012, drought reduced daily and cumulative N2O emission responses to N fertilizer rate. Herbage accumulation ranged from 4.46 Mg ha(-1) in unfertilized pasture with distilled water to 16.01 Mg ha(-1) in pasture with 180 kg N ha(-1) and urine in 2011. In 2012, plots treated with urine had 2.2 times more herbage accumulation than plots treated with distilled water but showed no response to N fertilizer rate. Total applied N lost as N2O ranged from 0-0.6 to 0.5-1.7 % across N fertilizer rates in distilled water and urine treatments, respectively, and thus, support the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change default direct emission factors of 1.0 % for N fertilizer additions and 2.0 % for urine excreted by cattle on pasture. C1 [Snell, Laura K.; Guretzky, John A.; Drijber, Rhae A.; Mamo, Martha] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Jin, Virginia L.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Guretzky, JA (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, 279 Plant Sci Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM jguretzky2@unl.edu FU USDA Hatch Formula funds FX The authors would like to thank scientists and technical staff with the USDA-ARS Agroecosystem Management Research Unit in Lincoln, NE for laboratory support in determining N2O emissions; Dr. Terry Klopfenstein and technical support for providing access to laboratories, urine from cattle and sheep, and smooth bromegrass pasture for application of urine and N fertilizer to pasture plots; and Christopher Barber and David Guretzky in the Department of Agronomy and Horticulture at UNL for field assistance during application of urine and N fertilizer to plots, measurement of herbage mass, maintenance of field plots, and collection of N2O flux measurements. Support for this research was provided by the USDA Hatch Formula funds. NR 55 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 17 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1385-1314 EI 1573-0867 J9 NUTR CYCL AGROECOSYS JI Nutr. Cycl. Agroecosyst. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 98 IS 2 BP 223 EP 234 DI 10.1007/s10705-014-9607-z PG 12 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA AC5TH UT WOS:000332583100008 ER PT J AU McCarty, GW Hapeman, CJ Rice, CP Hively, WD McConnell, LL Sadeghi, AM Lang, MW Whitall, DR Bialek, K Downey, P AF McCarty, Gregory W. Hapeman, Cathleen J. Rice, Clifford P. Hively, W. Dean McConnell, Laura L. Sadeghi, Ali M. Lang, Megan W. Whitall, David R. Bialek, Krystyna Downey, Peter TI Metolachlor metabolite (MESA) reveals agricultural nitrate-N fate and transport in Choptank River watershed SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Choptank River; Chesapeake Bay; 2-[2-ethyl-N-(1-methoxypropan-2-y1)-6; methylanilino]-2-oxoethanesulfonic acid; Nitrate-N; Well-drained upland; Poorly-drained upland ID ATLANTIC COASTAL-PLAIN; DELMARVA PENINSULA; GLUTATHIONE CONJUGATION; HYDROLOGIC LANDSCAPES; FORESTED WETLANDS; CHESAPEAKE BAY; SURFACE-WATER; UNITED-STATES; SOIL; TRANSFORMATION AB Over 50% of streams in the Chesapeake Bay watershed have been rated as poor or very poor based on the index of biological integrity. The Choptank River estuary, a Bay tributary on the eastern shore, is one such waterway, where corn and soybean production in upland areas of the watershed contribute significant loads of nutrients and sediment to streams. We adopted a novel approach utilizing the relationship between the concentration of nitrate-N and the stable, water-soluble herbicide degradation product MESA (2-12-ethyl-N-(1methoxypropan-2-y1)-6-methylanilino1-2-oxoethanesulfonic acid) to distinguish between dilution and denitrification effects on the stream concentration of nitrate-N in agricultural subwatersheds. The ratio of mean nitrate-N concentration/(mean MESA concentration * 1000) for 15 subwatersheds was examined as a function of percent cropland on hydric soil. This inverse relationship (R-2 = 0.65, p <0.001) takes into consideration not only dilution and denitrification of nitrate-N, but also the stream sampling bias of the croplands caused by extensive drainage ditch networks. MESA was also used to track nitrate-N concentrations within the estuary of the Choptank River. The relationship between nitrate-N and MESA concentrations in samples collected over three years was linear (0.95 +/- 0.99) for all eight sampling dates except one where R-2 = 0.90. This very strong correlation indicates that nitrate-N was conserved in much of the Choptank River estuary, that dilution alone is responsible for the changes in nitrate-N and MESA concentrations, and more-importantly nitrate-N loads are not reduced in the estuary prior to entering the Chesapeake Bay. Thus, a critical need exists to minimize nutrient export from agricultural production fields and to identify specific conservation practices to address the hydrologic conditions within each subwatershed. In well drained areas, removal of residual N within the cropland is most critical, and practices such as cover crops which sequester the residual N should be strongly encouraged. In poorly drained areas where denitrification can occur, wetland restoration and controlled drained structures that minimize ditch flow should be used to maximize denitrification. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [McCarty, Gregory W.; Hapeman, Cathleen J.; Rice, Clifford P.; McConnell, Laura L.; Sadeghi, Ali M.; Bialek, Krystyna; Downey, Peter] USDA ARS, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Hively, W. Dean] USDA ARS, US Geol Survey, Eastern Geog Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD USA. [Lang, Megan W.] USDA ARS, No Res Stn, USDA Forest Serv USFS, Beltsville, MD USA. [Whitall, David R.] NOAA, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, Ctr Coastal Monitoring & Assessment, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Hapeman, CJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM cathleen.hapeman@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS intramural research National Programs 211 Water Availability and Watershed Management and 212 Climate Change, Soils, and Emissions; US Geological Survey; USDA-Forest Service; NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science; USDA-NRCS Special Emphasis Watershed CEAP (Assessment of Natural Resource Conservation Practice Effectiveness within the Choptank River Watershed) FX The authors wish to acknowledge the extensive discussions and reviews of early drafts of this manuscript by Thomas Jordon (Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, MD), Thomas Fisher (University of Maryland Center for Environmental Studies, Cambridge, MD), Alba Torrents and Marybeth Shea (University of Maryland, College Park, MD), and Dianna Hogan (USGS, Reston, VA); Jonathan Angier (formerly USDA-ARS) for his early work on nitrate-N and MESA; the dedicated contributions of Anne Lynn, Natural Resource Conservation Service (NRCS), Annapolis, Maryland; field and technical staff team members Paul Biddle, Anne Gustafson, and Walter Stracke; and many student contributors, especially Molly Monahan, Andrew Kim, Antonio Pereira, Sarah Waterworth, Gabriela Nifio de Guzman, Adrienne Sutton, and Kusuma Prabhakara. Funding for this project was provided by the USDA-ARS intramural research National Programs 211 Water Availability and Watershed Management and 212 Climate Change, Soils, and Emissions; US Geological Survey; USDA-Forest Service; NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science; and USDA-NRCS Special Emphasis Watershed CEAP (Assessment of Natural Resource Conservation Practice Effectiveness within the Choptank River Watershed). NR 55 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 473 BP 473 EP 482 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.12.017 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AB6UB UT WOS:000331923900053 PM 24388901 ER PT J AU Hinchliffe, DJ De Lucca, A Condon, B O'Regan, J Clemmons, J Zeng, LH Byler, RK Reynolds, M Allen, H Cintron, MS Madison, C AF Hinchliffe, Doug J. De Lucca, Anthony Condon, Brian O'Regan, Janet Clemmons, Julie Zeng, Linghe Byler, Richard K. Reynolds, Michael Allen, Hiram Cintron, Michael Santiago Madison, Crista TI A pilot-scale nonwoven roll goods manufacturing process reduces microbial burden to pharmacopeia acceptance levels for non-sterile hygiene applications SO TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Cotton; roll goods; nonwoven; hydroentangle; Pharmacopeia; microbial burden ID ENDOTOXIN AB A total of seven source fiber types were selected for use in the manufacturing of nonwoven roll goods: polyester; polypropylene; rayon; greige cotton from two sources; mechanically cleaned greige cotton; and scoured and bleached cotton. The microbial burden of each source fiber was measured as a preliminary assessment of microbial contamination using heterotrophic spread plate counts. Greige cotton fibers exhibited the highest levels of total microbial contamination, which were reduced by both storage time and trash removal in the form of mechanical cleaning. Changes in microbial burden levels were measured at each step in the nonwoven manufacturing process. The hydroentanglement process resulted in the greatest overall reduction in microbial burden with no detectable levels of aerobic microbial contamination present on any of the final hydroentangled roll goods regardless of the source fiber. No detectable levels of aerobic microbial regrowth were observed on any fabrics despite storage time or ambient storage conditions. Analysis of suspended solids present in hydroentanglement effluents collected during fabric production revealed significantly less suspended solids from synthetic fibers compared to all cotton fiber types. The study provided insight and potential guidelines that could be incorporated into a nonwoven processing line to ensure specific sterility requirements are met for various converters in end-uses such as hygiene and medical applications. C1 [Hinchliffe, Doug J.; Condon, Brian; Reynolds, Michael; Allen, Hiram; Madison, Crista] ARS, Cotton Chem & Utilizat Res Unit, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA USA. [De Lucca, Anthony] ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA USA. [O'Regan, Janet; Clemmons, Julie] Cotton Inc, Cary, NC USA. [Zeng, Linghe] ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, Jamie Whitten Delta States Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA USA. [Byler, Richard K.] ARS, Cotton Ginning Res Unit, Jamie Whitten Delta States Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA USA. [Cintron, Michael Santiago] ARS, Cotton Struct & Qual Res Unit, Jamie Whitten Delta States Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA USA. RP Hinchliffe, DJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, SRRC, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70130 USA. EM Doug.Hinchliffe@ars.usda.gov FU Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) [58-3K95-1-1521]; Cotton Incorporated, Cary, NC [58-3K95-1-1521] FX This work was supported by a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) with Cotton Incorporated, Cary, NC, agreement no. 58-3K95-1-1521. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0040-5175 EI 1746-7748 J9 TEXT RES J JI Text. Res. J. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 84 IS 5 BP 546 EP 558 DI 10.1177/0040517513507369 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Textiles SC Materials Science GA AC5YJ UT WOS:000332596600009 ER PT J AU Ferrier, P Zhen, C AF Ferrier, Peyton Zhen, Chen TI The producer welfare effects of trade liberalization when goods are perishable and habit-forming: the case of asparagus SO AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Q18; D12; Andean Trade Preference Act; Peru; Mexico; Free trade agreements; F130; Vegetable; Equilibrium displacement model; Habits; NAFTA; Q17 ID IDEAL DEMAND SYSTEM; UNITED-STATES; MEAT INDUSTRY; CONSUMER; FOOD; CONSUMPTION; PROMOTION; RETURNS; GROWTH AB Asparagus is a perishable, highly seasonal crop. We find that out-of-season imports of asparagus caused habit formation that increased demand in the U.S. growing seasons. We find that habit effects offset about 64% of the welfare losses to U.S. asparagus producers from increased Mexican imports under NAFTA and all of the U.S. producer welfare losses from increased Peruvian imports under the Andean Trade Preference Act. We estimate that the U.S. producer welfare losses from NAFTA are less than the annualized value of market loss assistance provided them in the 2008 Farm Bill. C1 [Ferrier, Peyton] USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20520 USA. [Zhen, Chen] Res Triangle Inst, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Ferrier, P (reprint author), USDA, Econ Res Serv, 1400 Independence Ave SW,Mailstop 1800, Washington, DC 20520 USA. EM pferrier@ers.usda.gov NR 41 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0169-5150 EI 1574-0862 J9 AGR ECON-BLACKWELL JI Agric. Econ. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 45 IS 2 BP 129 EP 141 DI 10.1111/agec.12020 PG 13 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA AC0FR UT WOS:000332170700002 ER PT J AU Park, T Mishra, AK Wozniak, SJ AF Park, Timothy Mishra, Ashok K. Wozniak, Shawn J. TI Do farm operators benefit from direct to consumer marketing strategies? SO AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Direct marketing outlets; Selectivity correction; Q13; Q12; Multinomial logit; Farm sales; Q16; C25 ID MULTINOMIAL LOGIT MODEL; SELECTIVITY AB Using farm-level data this study investigates factors associated with the choice of three direct marketing strategies (DMSs). Particular attention is given to the role of management and marketing skills in selection of DMSs. Additionally, the study applies a selectivity-based approach for the multinomial logit model to assess the relationship between DMSs and the financial performance of the business. Results suggest that both management and marketing skills significantly affect direct-to-consumer sales. Farmers choosing the strategy of sales only through direct-to-consumer outlets report earnings that are significantly lower than earnings from the other marketing strategies. Marketing skills prove to be beneficial to direct-to-consumer (DTC) earnings. Finally, the selectivity correction terms in the direct sales model are significantly negative in the choice of DTC, indicating the presence of sample selection effects. Accounting for selectivity is essential to ensure unbiased and consistent estimates. C1 [Park, Timothy] USDA, FED, ERS, Washington, DC 20520 USA. [Mishra, Ashok K.] Louisiana State Univ, Louisiana State Univ AgCtr, Dept Agr Econ & Agribusiness, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Wozniak, Shawn J.] USAID Peru Alternat Dev, Lima 33, Peru. RP Mishra, AK (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Louisiana State Univ AgCtr, Dept Agr Econ & Agribusiness, 128 Martin D Woodin Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM amishra@lsu.edu OI Mishra, Ashok/0000-0002-0988-1428 FU Louisiana State University Experiment Station [LAB 94163] FX We would like to thank two anonymous referees for useful comments, and appreciate the comments and advice of Sarah Low, Todd Kuethe and Stephen Vogel in developing the manuscript. Mishra's time on this project was supported by the Louisiana State University Experiment Station project # LAB 94163. This work was completed while Shawn Wozniak was working at Economic Research Service, USDA. The views expressed here are not necessarily those of the Economic Research Service, the U. S. Department of Agriculture, or the U. S. Government. NR 32 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 23 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0169-5150 EI 1574-0862 J9 AGR ECON-BLACKWELL JI Agric. Econ. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 45 IS 2 BP 213 EP 224 DI 10.1111/agec.12042 PG 12 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA AC0FR UT WOS:000332170700008 ER PT J AU Lichtenstein, AH Carson, JS Johnson, RK Kris-Etherton, PM Pappas, A Rupp, L Stitzel, KF Vafiadis, DK Fulgoni, VL AF Lichtenstein, Alice H. Carson, JoAnn S. Johnson, Rachel K. Kris-Etherton, Penny M. Pappas, Antigoni Rupp, Linda Stitzel, Kimberly F. Vafiadis, Dorothea K. Fulgoni, Victor L., III TI Food-intake patterns assessed by using front-of-pack labeling program criteria associated with better diet quality and lower cardiometabolic risk(1-3) SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID INDEX; AMERICANS; DISEASE; RISK; CHOLESTEROL; OBESITY; STATIN; UPDATE AB Background: Front-of-pack labeling systems may provide additional guidance to that already available to facilitate the identification of foods that improve diet quality. Objective: We examined the association between choosing foods that meet criteria of an established front-of-pack labeling system with food-group and nutrient intakes and cardiometabolic risk factors. Design: The association between the consumption of foods that met 2014 American Heart Association (AHA) Heart-Check Food Certification Program criteria and 2005 Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2005) scores, food-group intake, energy intake, nutrient intake, and cardiometabolic risk factors was analyzed in 11,296 men and women >= 19 y old by using 1-d dietary recall data from the NHANES 2007-2010. Individuals were categorized into consumers and nonconsumers of Al-IA Heart-Check Food Certification Program certifiable foods and quartiles of intakes on the basis of the percentage of calories. Results: The consumption of AHA Heart-Check Food Certification Program-certifiable foods was positively associated with HEI-2005 scores and fruit, vegetable, whole-grain, total sugar, fiber, potassium, calcium, and vitamin D intakes and inversely associated with the percentage of energy from saturated fat, monounsaturated fat, added sugars, alcohol, and intakes of cholesterol and sodium. The highest quartile of daily energy intake from AHA Heart-Check Food Certification Program-certifiable foods was associated with lower risk of obesity (26%), lower risk of elevated waist circumference (29%), and lower risk of metabolic syndrome (24%) than with lowest intakes (all P < 0.05). Conclusion: The choice of foods meeting one front-of-pack labeling system positively influences food-group and nutrient intakes and is associated with a higher diet quality and lower risk of cardiometabolic syndrome. C1 [Lichtenstein, Alice H.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr, Cardiovasc Nutr Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Carson, JoAnn S.] Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Dept Clin Nutr, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. [Johnson, Rachel K.] Univ Vermont, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, Burlington, VT USA. [Kris-Etherton, Penny M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Nutr Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Pappas, Antigoni; Rupp, Linda; Stitzel, Kimberly F.; Vafiadis, Dorothea K.] Amer Heart Assoc, Dallas, TX USA. [Fulgoni, Victor L., III] Nutr Impact LLC, Battle Creek, MI USA. RP Lichtenstein, AH (reprint author), Tufts Univ, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM alice.lichtenstein@tufts.edu FU American Heart Association FX Supported by the American Heart Association. NR 31 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 EI 1938-3207 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 99 IS 3 BP 454 EP 462 DI 10.3945/ajcn.113.071407 PG 9 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AB9VN UT WOS:000332143900007 PM 24368435 ER PT J AU Le Menestrel, SM Walahoski, JS Mielke, MB AF Le Menestrel, Suzanne M. Walahoski, Jill S. Mielke, Monica B. TI A Partnership Model for Evaluation: Considering an Alternate Approach to the Internal-External Evaluation Debate SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EVALUATION LA English DT Article DE internal evaluation; external evaluation; youth development; Cooperative Extension; partnership ID STAKEHOLDERS AB The 4-H youth development organization is a complex public-private partnership between the U.S. Department of Agriculture's National Institute of Food and Agriculture, the nation's Cooperative Extension system and National 4-H Council, a private, nonprofit partner. The current article is focused on a partnership approach to the evaluation of a national 4-H Science initiative that engaged both internal and external evaluators as well as key stakeholders. While external evaluators are valued for their relative lack of bias and independence, internal evaluation has been the predominant strategy used by the Cooperative Extension system. For this evaluation, we adopted a hybrid approach that teamed an external evaluation firm with a team of internal evaluators and key stakeholders. We discuss specific strategies and approaches that we developed to implement this approach in the 4-H youth development organization and offer suggestions for how it might be useful in other complex, multipartner organizations. C1 [Le Menestrel, Suzanne M.] USDA, Natl Inst Food & Agr, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Walahoski, Jill S.] Univ Nebraska, State Dept 4H, Lincoln, NE USA. [Mielke, Monica B.] Policy Studies Associates Inc, Washington, DC USA. RP Le Menestrel, SM (reprint author), USDA, Natl Inst Food & Agr, 1400 Independence Ave,SW-MS 2225, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM slemenestrel@nifa.usda.gov NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 12 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1098-2140 EI 1557-0878 J9 AM J EVAL JI Am. J. Eval. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 35 IS 1 BP 61 EP 72 DI 10.1177/1098214013506600 PG 12 WC Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Social Sciences - Other Topics GA AA9CE UT WOS:000331390500005 ER PT J AU Smith, JD Greenlee, JJ AF Smith, Jodi D. Greenlee, Justin J. TI Detection of misfolded prion protein in retina samples of sheep and cattle by use of a commercially available enzyme immunoassay SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID BOVINE SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY; TRANSMISSIBLE MINK ENCEPHALOPATHY; NATURAL SCRAPIE; RAPID TESTS; DIAGNOSIS; BSE; DISEASE; ACCUMULATION AB Objective-To determine the usefulness of retina samples for detection of disease-associated prion protein by use of a commercially available enzyme immunoassay (EIA) intended for rapid identification of sheep and cattle with transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs). Samples-Retina, brainstem at the level of the obex, and retropharyngeal lymph node samples obtained from 15TSE-inoculated sheep (scrapie [n = 13] or transmissible mink encephalopathy passaged through a bovid [2]); retina and brainstem samples obtained from 11 TSE-inoculated cattle (transmissible mink encephalopathy passaged through a bovid [7] or classical BSE [4]); and negative control tissue samples obtained from 2 sheep and 2 cattle that were not inoculated with TSEs. Procedures-Tissue samples were homogenized and analyzed for detection of abnormally folded disease-associated prion protein with a commercially available EIA and 2 confirmatory assays (western blot analysis or immunohistochemical analysis). Results-Retina sample EIA results were in agreement with results of brainstem sample EIA or confirmatory assay results for negative control animals and TSE-inoculated animals with clinical signs of disease. However, TSE-inoculated animals with positive confirmatory assay results that did not have clinical signs of disease had negative retina sample EIA results. Retina sample EIA results were in agreement with brainstem sample immunohistochemical results for 4TSE-inoculated sheep with negative retropharyngeal lymph node EIA results. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Results of this study suggested that retina samples may be useful for rapid EIA screening of animals with neurologic signs to detect TSEs. C1 [Smith, Jodi D.; Greenlee, Justin J.] ARS, Virus & Prion Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Greenlee, JJ (reprint author), ARS, Virus & Prion Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM justin.greenlee@ars.usda.gov FU USDA Agricultural Research Service FX Supported by the USDA Agricultural Research Service. NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0002-9645 J9 AM J VET RES JI Am. J. Vet. Res. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 75 IS 3 BP 268 EP 272 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AB8PO UT WOS:000332052700006 PM 24564312 ER PT J AU Lasanajak, Y Minocha, R Minocha, SC Goyal, R Fatima, T Handa, AK Mattoo, AK AF Lasanajak, Yi Minocha, Rakesh Minocha, Subhash C. Goyal, Ravinder Fatima, Tahira Handa, Avtar K. Mattoo, Autar K. TI Enhanced flux of substrates into polyamine biosynthesis but not ethylene in tomato fruit engineered with yeast S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase gene SO AMINO ACIDS LA English DT Article DE Fruit metabolism; In vivo flux of metabolism; Plant growth regulators; SAM decarboxylase; Tomato; Transgenics ID 1-AMINOCYCLOPROPANE-1-CARBOXYLIC ACID; CELLULAR POLYAMINES; ABIOTIC STRESS; SYNTHASE GENE; POPLAR CELLS; METABOLISM; ARABIDOPSIS; EXPRESSION; SPERMIDINE; ORNITHINE AB S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), a major substrate in 1-C metabolism is a common precursor in the biosynthetic pathways of polyamines and ethylene, two important plant growth regulators, which exhibit opposing developmental effects, especially during fruit ripening. However, the flux of various substrates including SAM into the two competing pathways in plants has not yet been characterized. We used radiolabeled C-14-Arg, C-14-Orn, L-[U-C-14]Met, C-14-SAM and C-14-Put to quantify flux through these pathways in tomato fruit and evaluate the effects of perturbing these pathways via transgenic expression of a yeast SAM decarboxylase (ySAMDC) gene using the fruit ripening-specific promoter E8. We show that polyamines in tomato fruit are synthesized both from Arg and Orn; however, the relative contribution of Orn pathway declines in the later stages of ripening. Expression of ySAMDC reversed the ripening associated decline in spermidine (Spd) and spermine (Spm) levels observed in the azygous control fruit. About 2- to 3-fold higher levels of labeled-Spd in transgenic fruit (556HO and 579HO lines) expressing ySAMDC confirmed the enzymatic function of the introduced gene. The incorporation of L-[U-C-14]Met into Spd, Spm, ethylene and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) was used to determine Met-flux into these metabolites. The incorporation of C-14-Met into Spd/Spm declined during ripening of the control azygous fruit but this was reversed in fruits expressing ySAMDC. However, incorporation of C-14-Met into ethylene or ACC during ripening was not altered by the expression of ySAMDC in the fruit. Taken together these results show that: (1) There is an inverse relationship between the production of higher polyamines and ethylene during fruit ripening, (2) the inverse relationship between higher polyamines and ethylene is modulated by ySAMDC expression in that the decline in Spd/Spm during fruit ripening can be reversed without significantly altering ethylene biosynthesis, and (3) cellular flux of SAM in plants is homeostatically regulated based on its demand for competing pathways. C1 [Lasanajak, Yi; Minocha, Subhash C.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Biol Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Minocha, Rakesh] US Forest Serv, USDA, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Goyal, Ravinder; Fatima, Tahira; Mattoo, Autar K.] ARS, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Handa, Avtar K.] Purdue Univ, Dept Hort & Landscape Architecture, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Mattoo, AK (reprint author), ARS, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Bldg 001, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM autar.mattoo@ars.usda.gov FU New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station (NHAES) FX The authors would like to thank Stephanie Long and Ken Dudzik for their technical assistance. The New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station (NHAES) provided partial funding for this work at UNH; this is Scientific Contribution Number 2508 from the NHAES. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 49 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 22 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0939-4451 EI 1438-2199 J9 AMINO ACIDS JI Amino Acids PD MAR PY 2014 VL 46 IS 3 BP 729 EP 742 DI 10.1007/s00726-013-1624-8 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA AB7GY UT WOS:000331958900025 PM 24337930 ER PT J AU Shao, L Bhatnagar, P Majumdar, R Minocha, R Minocha, SC AF Shao, Lin Bhatnagar, Pratiksha Majumdar, Rajtilak Minocha, Rakesh Minocha, Subhash C. TI Putrescine overproduction does not affect the catabolism of spermidine and spermine in poplar and Arabidopsis SO AMINO ACIDS LA English DT Article DE Arabidopsis; Poplar; Polyamines; Polyamine oxidase; Catabolism; Putrescine; Spermidine; Spermine; Turnover; Uptake ID ADENOSYLMETHIONINE-DECARBOXYLASE CDNA; GENETIC MANIPULATION; POLYAMINE-OXIDASE; CELLULAR POLYAMINES; TRANSGENIC TOBACCO; BACK-CONVERSION; ABIOTIC STRESS; SYNTHASE GENE; EXPRESSION; OVEREXPRESSION AB The effect of up-regulation of putrescine (Put) production by genetic manipulation on the turnover of spermidine (Spd) and spermine (Spm) was investigated in transgenic cells of poplar (Populus nigra x maximowiczii) and seedlings of Arabidopsis thaliana. Several-fold increase in Put production was achieved by expressing a mouse ornithine decarboxylase cDNA either under the control of a constitutive (in poplar) or an inducible (in Arabidopsis) promoter. The transgenic poplar cells produced and accumulated 8-10 times higher amounts of Put than the non-transgenic cells, whereas the Arabidopsis seedlings accumulated up to 40-fold higher amounts of Put; however, in neither case the cellular Spd or Spm increased consistently. The rate of Spd and Spm catabolism and the half-life of cellular Spd and Spm were measured by pulse-chase experiments using [C-14]Spd or [C-14]Spm. Spermidine half-life was calculated to be about 22-32 h in poplar and 52-56 h in Arabidopsis. The half-life of cellular Spm was calculated to be approximately 24 h in Arabidopsis and 36-48 h in poplar. Both species were able to convert Spd to Spm and Put, and Spm to Spd and Put. The rates of Spd and Spm catabolism in both species were several-fold slower than those of Put, and the overproduction of Put had only a small effect on the overall rates of turnover of Spd or Spm. There was little effect on the rates of Spd to Spm conversion as well as the conversion of Spm into lower polyamines. While Spm was mainly converted back to Spd and not terminally degraded, Spd was removed from the cells largely through terminal catabolism in both species. C1 [Shao, Lin; Minocha, Subhash C.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Biol Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Majumdar, Rajtilak] USDA, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Minocha, Rakesh] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Minocha, SC (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Dept Biol Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM sminocha@unh.edu FU NH-Agricultural Experiment Station; USDA Forest Service (NRS); UNH Graduate Research Enhancement Awards; Graduate School Summer TA fellowship; Edith Jones Fellowship FX The authors would like to thank Stephanie Long and Ben Mayer from the USDA-Forest Service for technical help in the analysis of PAs, and Bernadette Glasheen and Suneet Bains for producing the poplar transgenic cell line as a part of their undergraduate research. L.S. would also like to thank Sarah Greenberg and Boubker Barchi for help in sample collection of Arabidopsis plants for HPLC analysis. This study was partially funded by NH-Agricultural Experiment Station, USDA Forest Service (NRS), UNH Graduate Research Enhancement Awards, Graduate School Summer TA fellowship (Raj M and L.S.) and an Edith Jones Fellowship to P.B. NR 57 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 15 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0939-4451 EI 1438-2199 J9 AMINO ACIDS JI Amino Acids PD MAR PY 2014 VL 46 IS 3 BP 743 EP 757 DI 10.1007/s00726-013-1581-2 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA AB7GY UT WOS:000331958900026 PM 24013280 ER PT J AU Wesley-Smith, J Berjak, P Pammenter, NW Walters, C AF Wesley-Smith, James Berjak, Patricia Pammenter, N. W. Walters, Christina TI Intracellular ice and cell survival in cryo-exposed embryonic axes of recalcitrant seeds of Acer saccharinum: an ultrastructural study of factors affecting cell and ice structures SO ANNALS OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Acer saccharinum; cooling rate; cryopreservation; electron microscopy; embryonic axes; freeze-fracture; freeze-substitution; ice crystal distribution; ice crystal size; recalcitrant seeds; warming rate; water content ID PONCIRUS-TRIFOLIATA L.; SUPER-LOW TEMPERATURES; FREEZING-INJURY; WATER-CONTENT; PLANT-TISSUE; CRYSTAL SIZE; DIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION; DESICCATION SENSITIVITY; ELECTRON MICROSCOPE; COOLING RATES AB Cryopreservation is the only long-term conservation strategy available for germplasm of recalcitrant-seeded species. Efforts to cryopreserve this form of germplasm are hampered by potentially lethal intracellular freezing events; thus, it is important to understand the relationships among cryo-exposure techniques, water content, structure and survival. Undried embryonic axes of Acer saccharinum and those rapidly dried to two different water contents were cooled at three rates and re-warmed at two rates. Ultrastructural observations were carried out on radicle and shoot tips prepared by freeze-fracture and freeze-substitution to assess immediate (i.e. pre-thaw) responses to cooling treatments. Survival of axes was assessed in vitro. Intracellular ice formation was not necessarily lethal. Embryo cells survived when crystal diameter was between 02 and 04 m and fewer than 20 crystals were distributed per m(2) in the cytoplasm. Ice was not uniformly distributed within the cells. In fully hydrated axes cooled at an intermediate rate, the interiors of many organelles were apparently ice-free; this may have prevented the disruption of vital intracellular machinery. Intracytoplasmic ice formation did not apparently impact the integrity of the plasmalemma. The maximum number of ice crystals was far greater in shoot apices, which were more sensitive than radicles to cryo-exposure. The findings challenge the accepted paradigm that intracellular ice formation is always lethal, as the results show that cells can survive intracellular ice if crystals are small and localized in the cytoplasm. Further understanding of the interactions among water content, cooling rate, cell structure and ice structure is required to optimize cryopreservation treatments without undue reliance on empirical approaches. C1 [Wesley-Smith, James; Berjak, Patricia; Pammenter, N. W.] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Life Sci, Plant Germplasm Conservat Res, ZA-4001 Durban, South Africa. [Wesley-Smith, James] CSIR, Natl Ctr Nanostructured Mat, ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa. [Walters, Christina] USDA, ARS, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Walters, C (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, 1111 S Mason St, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM Christina.Walters@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS); National Research Foundation (South Africa) FX This work was supported by funding from the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) and the National Research Foundation (South Africa). We thank Drs Kevin Conrad (US National Arboretum, Washington DC, USA) and Karen Koster (University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, USA) for providing seeds. We thank Lisa Hill and Jennifer Crane for expert technical assistance in the viability assays. We thank Dr Hugh Pritchard (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK) and the anonymous reviewers for their cogent comments that helped improve the manuscript. (Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.) NR 79 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 8 U2 40 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-7364 EI 1095-8290 J9 ANN BOT-LONDON JI Ann. Bot. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 113 IS 4 BP 695 EP 709 DI 10.1093/aob/mct284 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AC1JQ UT WOS:000332251700011 PM 24368198 ER PT J AU Sharma, VK Casey, TA AF Sharma, V. K. Casey, T. A. TI Escherichia coli O157:H7 Lacking the qseBC-Encoded Quorum-Sensing System Outcompetes the Parental Strain in Colonization of Cattle Intestines SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ENTERICA SEROVAR TYPHIMURIUM; O157-H7 REQUIRES INTIMIN; REGULATOR-C QSEBC; III SECRETION; ENTEROCYTE EFFACEMENT; BIOFILM FORMATION; SENSOR KINASE; TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION; CONTROLS EXPRESSION; VIRULENCE FACTORS AB The qseBC-encoded quorum-sensing system regulates the motility of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in response to bacterial autoinducer 3 (AI-3) and the mammalian stress hormones epinephrine (E) and norepinephrine (NE). The qseC gene encodes a sensory kinase that autophosphorylates in response to AI-3, E, or NE and subsequently phosphorylates its cognate response regulator QseB. In the absence of QseC, QseB downregulates bacterial motility and virulence in animal models. In this study, we found that 8- to 10-month-old calves orally inoculated with a mixture of E. coli O157:H7 and its isogenic qseBC mutant showed significantly higher fecal shedding of the qseBC mutant. In vitro analysis revealed similar growth profiles and motilities of the qseBC mutant and the parental strain in the presence or absence of NE. The magnitudes of the response to NE and expression of flagellar genes flhD and fliC were also similar for the qseBC mutant and the parental strain. The expression of ler (a positive regulator of the locus of enterocyte effacement [LEE]), the ler-regulated espA gene, and the csgA gene (encoding curli fimbriae) was increased in the qseBC mutant compared to the parental strain. On the other hand, growth, motility, and transcription of flhD, fliC, ler, espA, and csgA were significantly reduced in the qseBC mutant complemented with a plasmid-cloned copy of the qseBC genes. Thus, in vitro motility and gene expression data indicate that the near-parental level of motility, ability to respond to NE, and enhanced expression of LEE and curli genes might in part be responsible for increased colonization and fecal shedding of the qseBC mutant in calves. C1 [Sharma, V. K.; Casey, T. A.] ARS, Food Safety & Enter Pathogens Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Sharma, VK (reprint author), ARS, Food Safety & Enter Pathogens Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM vijay.sharma@ars.usda.gov NR 50 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 80 IS 6 BP 1882 EP 1892 DI 10.1128/AEM.03198-13 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA AB8FO UT WOS:000332025800009 PM 24413602 ER PT J AU Chen, YG Ruberson, JR Ni, XZ AF Chen, Yigen Ruberson, John R. Ni, Xinzhi TI Influence of host plant nitrogen fertilization on hemolymph protein profiles of herbivore Spodoptera exigua and development of its endoparasitoid Cotesia marginiventris SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Biological control; Gossypium hirsutum; Tri-trophic interactions ID BEET ARMYWORM; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; TOBACCO HORNWORM; MANDUCA-SEXTA; HYMENOPTERA-BRACONIDAE; LEPIDOPTERA-SPHINGIDAE; NATURAL ENEMIES; PARASITIC WASPS; NOCTUIDAE; NICOTINE AB Nitrogen has complex effects on plant-herbivore-parasitoid tritrophic interactions. The negative effects of low nitrogen fertilization in host plants on insect herbivores can be amplified to the higher trophic levels. In the present study, we examined the impact of varying nitrogen fertilization (42, 112, 196, and 280 ppm) of cotton plants (Gossypium hirsutum L.) on the interactions between the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), and the hymenopteran endoparasitoid Cotesia marginiventris (Cresson) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). We predicted that the development and fitness of C. marginiventris would be adversely affected by low host plant nitrogen fertilization through the herbivore S. exigua. The percentage of C. marginiventris offspring developing to emerge and spin a cocoon, and total mortality of parasitized S. exigua larvae were unaffected by nitrogen level. The developmental time of C. marginiventris larvae in S. exigua larvae feeding on low (42 ppm) nitrogen cotton plants was approximately 30% longer than that of those feeding on higher (112, 196, and 280 ppm) nitrogen plants. Parasitoid size (length of right metathoracic tibia), a proxy for fitness, of C. marginiventris males was positively affected by nitrogen level. Total amounts of S. exigua hemolymph proteins were not affected by nitrogen level, but were reduced by parasitism by C. marginiventris. Two proteins with molecular weights of ca. 84 and 170 kDa dominated the S. exigua larval hemolymph proteins. Concentrations of the 170 kDa hemolymph protein were unaffected by nitrogen treatment, but parasitism reduced concentrations of the 170 kDa protein. Concentrations of the 84 kDa protein, on the other hand, were interactively affected by parasitism and nitrogen treatment: higher nitrogen fertilization (112, 196, and 280 ppm) increased protein concentrations relative to the 42 ppm treatment for unparasitized S. exigua larvae, whereas nitrogen treatment had no effects on parasitized larvae. For S. exigua larvae feeding on 42 ppm nitrogen plants, parasitism increased concentration of the 84 kDa protein, while for those feeding on 112, 196, and 280 ppm nitrogen plants, parasitism decreased concentrations of the protein. Possible mechanisms and ecological consequences for the extended development of C. marginiventris on S. exigua hosts grown on low-nitrogen plants are discussed. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Chen, Yigen; Ruberson, John R.] Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Ni, Xinzhi] USDA ARS, CPMRU, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. RP Ruberson, JR (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, 123 W Waters Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM ygchen2007@gmail.com; ruberson@ksu.edu; xinzhi.ni@ars.usda.gov OI Ruberson, John/0000-0002-4475-8177 FU Georgia Cotton Commission; Cotton Incorporated FX The authors thank Drs. Michael Strand (University of Georgia, Athens, GA) and Jeffrey Shapiro (USDA-ARS, Gainesville, FL) for their invaluable comments on early drafts of manuscript. The research was supported by the Georgia Cotton Commission and Cotton Incorporated. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 34 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 EI 1090-2112 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD MAR PY 2014 VL 70 BP 9 EP 16 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2013.12.002 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA AC3EM UT WOS:000332397800002 ER PT J AU Schisler, DA Core, AB Boehm, MJ Horst, L Krause, C Dunlap, CA Rooney, AP AF Schisler, David A. Core, Amanda B. Boehm, Michael J. Horst, Leona Krause, Charles Dunlap, Christopher A. Rooney, Alejandro P. TI Population dynamics of the Fusarium head blight biocontrol agent Cryptococcus flavescens OH 182.9 on wheat anthers and heads SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Colonization; Spikelet; Floret; Anther; Fusarium head blight; Biocontrol ID MYCOTOXIN CONTAMINATION; DEOXYNIVALENOL CONTENT; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; GIBBERELLA-ZEAE; PREVIOUS CROP; FIRE BLIGHT; RESISTANCE; GRAMINEARUM; GROWTH; EXTRUSION AB Cryptococcus flavescens OH 182.9 (NRRL Y-30216) reduces Fusarium head blight (FHB) incited by Fusarium graminearum and deoxynivalenol (DON) contamination of grain. Yet little is known about the population dynamics of OH 182.9 on wheat heads and anthers. Biomass of OH 182.9 was produced in liquid culture and applied to greenhouse and field grown wheat prior to and during early anthesis. In greenhouse studies, populations of OH 182.9 were similar on anthers for heads inoculated before (Feekes 10.5) or early in flowering (Feekes 10.5.1) but were 1-3 log units lower in Feekes 10.5 inoculated wheat after 8-10 days. In greenhouse and field studies, OH 182.9 colonized anthers inside florets prior to anthesis. In the field, populations of OH 182.9 on anthers increased or, less frequently, remained stable through 12 days, regardless of application time and peaked at 1-2 log units higher than in the greenhouse. Strain OH 182.9 reduced FHB severity (P < 0.05, FPLSD) but not other disease parameters in the same field study. Application of OH 182.9 at split boot (Feekes 10.1) or Feekes 10.5.1 resulted in higher populations on spikelets treated at flowering on a CFU/g fresh weight tissue basis and as a percentage of the total recoverable microbial population in one of two field studies. Scanning electron microscopy revealed cells of OH 182.9 in microcolonies, groups of several cells and as individual cells, most frequently on the abaxial surfaces of glume and lemma tissues and near the apex of palea tissues. The survival of yeast OH 182.9 on anthers and wheat heads for 12 days and more suggests the strain has the potential to reduce late kernel infections by F. graminearum that can increase DON. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Schisler, David A.; Dunlap, Christopher A.; Rooney, Alejandro P.] USDA ARS, NCAUR, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Horst, Leona; Krause, Charles] USDA ARS, Applicat Technol Res Unit, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Schisler, DA (reprint author), USDA ARS, NCAUR, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM David.Schisler@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative FX The assistance of Jennifer Sloan, Nick Jury, Pat Lipps, Todd Hicks, Joe Rimelspach, Matthew Wallhead, William Bardall and Karlten Austin in conducting experiments is greatly appreciated as are the efforts of Dr. Yanhong Dong, University of Minnesota, in conducting the DON analysis. In addition, we thank Heather Walker for technical assistance with DNA sequencing. Studies were made possible, in part, by a grant from the U.S. Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative. Salaries and additional research support for M.J. Boehm were provided by state and federal funds to the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University. NR 68 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 28 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 EI 1090-2112 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD MAR PY 2014 VL 70 BP 17 EP 27 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2013.11.011 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA AC3EM UT WOS:000332397800003 ER PT J AU Hu, XJ Roberts, DP Xie, LH Maul, JE Yu, CB Li, YS Jiang, ML Liao, XS Che, Z Liao, X AF Hu, Xiaojia Roberts, Daniel P. Xie, Lihua Maul, Jude E. Yu, Changbing Li, Yinshui Jiang, Mulan Liao, Xiangsheng Che, Zhi Liao, Xing TI Formulations of Bacillus subtilis BY-2 suppress Sclerotinia sclerotiorum on oilseed rape in the field SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Bacillus subtilis; Biological control; Colonization; Formulation; Oilseed rape; Sclerotinia sclerotiorum; Spray ID GROWTH-PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL AGENTS; PLANT-DISEASES; FUTURE-PROSPECTS; MEGATERIUM A6; BIOCONTROL; LIPOPEPTIDES; RESISTANCE; PATHOGENS; MIXTURES AB We are developing a collection of Bacillus strains, isolated from different environments, for use in controlling Sclerotinia sclerotiorum on oilseed rape in China and elsewhere. Strain BY-2, isolated from internal tissues of an oilseed rape root, was demonstrated to be Bacillus subtilis based on biochemical and morphological characteristics and on 16S RNA gene sequence. Photographic evidence from gnotobiotic studies using the lacZ-tagged strain BY-2(pUC18) confirmed that this strain was capable of colonizing internal root tissues. Strain BY-2 did not effectively colonize the ectorhizosphere or the surface of the stems or leaves of oilseed rape when applied in pellet or wrap seed treatment formulations. Populations of BY-2 dropped from 10(8) CFU seed (1) to 104 CFU g root (1) and <= 10(2) CFU g stem (1) or leaf (1) after 60 days. Strain BY-2 was applied as a pellet seed treatment formulation alone, as a spray at flowering alone, and as the pellet seed treatment formulation combined with the spray application in two field trials at the Wuxue location conducted in two consecutive years. These three treatments containing BY-2 provided disease control (disease incidence) and mean seed yield that was similar to the chemical control treatment and significantly greater than the pellet without bacteria and non-treated control treatments. All three of these BY-2 treatments were similar to each other with regard to these two metrics and to treatments containing B. subtilis Tu-100, a genetically distinct strain previously shown to be effective against this disease. In two additional field trials, conducted in consecutive years at the Wuhan location, strain BY-2 applied as a wrap seed treatment formulation alone, as a spray at flowering alone, and as the wrap seed treatment combined with the spray application provided disease control (disease incidence) and mean seed yield that was similar to the chemical control treatment. These three BY-2 treatments also were significantly greater than the non-treated control treatments and compared favorably to treatments containing Tu-100. There was no evidence of BY-2 promoting growth of oilseed rape when applied in the pellet or wrap seed treatment formulations in field trials conducted at the Wuxue or at the Wuhan locations. We now have three Bacillus strains (B. subtilis strains BY-2 and Tu-100, B. megaterium A6) that control S. sclerotiorum on oilseed rape in the field that can be tested in strain combinations for enhanced disease control. We also have multiple methods for application of Bacillus strains as both seed treatment and foliar applications were effective. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Hu, Xiaojia; Xie, Lihua; Yu, Changbing; Li, Yinshui; Jiang, Mulan; Liao, Xiangsheng; Che, Zhi; Liao, Xing] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Key Lab Biol & Genet Improvement Oil Crops, Minist Agr, Oil Crops Res Inst, Wuhan 430062, Peoples R China. [Roberts, Daniel P.; Maul, Jude E.] USDA ARS, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Roberts, DP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM dan.roberts@ars.usda.gov; liaox@oilcrops.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [30870451]; Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest [201203096]; Special Funds from the National Scientific Support Program of China [2010BAD01B05-03] FX We thank Sarah Emche, Sustainable Agricultural Systems Laboratory, USDA-ARS, for excellent technical assistance on PCR and sequencing experiments. This work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China for (Project 30870451), Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (Contract 201203096), and by Special Funds from the National Scientific Support Program of China (Contract 2010BAD01B05-03). NR 50 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 36 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 EI 1090-2112 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD MAR PY 2014 VL 70 BP 54 EP 64 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2013.12.005 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA AC3EM UT WOS:000332397800008 ER PT J AU Ngo, HL Fox, PS Nunez, A Moreau, RA Haas, MJ AF Ngo, Helen L. Fox, Pamela S. Nunez, Alberto Moreau, Robert A. Haas, Michael J. TI Catalytic synthesis and characterization of phenol-branchedchain fatty acid isomers SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF LIPID SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ferrierite zeolite; Phenol; Phenol-branched-chain fatty acid ID EPOXIDIZED SOYBEAN OIL; OLEIC-ACID; ISOMERIZATION AB There is significant research interest in developing new industrial materials from vegetable oils and animal fats. Such biobased materials can be more environmentally friendly because they tend to have good biodegradability and are derived from renewable resources. This paper describes a catalytic approach for the addition of phenol to the olefinic site of oleic acid using the H-ferrierite zeolite. A number of experimental parameters were examined, including different reaction components and their ratios, and reaction conditions. Under optimized conditions, phenol-branched-chain fatty acid isomers were obtained in up to 70% yield. The materials were characterized using various analytical techniques, including GC, GC-MS, and HPLC-MS. C1 [Ngo, Helen L.; Fox, Pamela S.; Nunez, Alberto; Moreau, Robert A.; Haas, Michael J.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Ngo, HL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM helen.ngo@ars.usda.gov OI Moreau, Robert/0000-0002-8166-8322 NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1438-7697 EI 1438-9312 J9 EUR J LIPID SCI TECH JI Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 116 IS 3 BP 344 EP 351 DI 10.1002/ejlt.201300227 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA AC2NP UT WOS:000332338500013 ER PT J AU Gurtler, JB Boateng, AA Han, YX Douds, DD AF Gurtler, Joshua B. Boateng, Akwasi A. Han, Yanxue (Helen) Douds, David D., Jr. TI Inactivation of E. coli O157:H7 in Cultivable Soil by Fast and Slow Pyrolysis-Generated Biochar SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID CONTAMINATED MANURE COMPOSTS; BIO-OIL PRODUCTION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; IRRIGATION WATER; FRESH PRODUCE; VOLATILE COMPOUNDS; CHARCOAL; SALMONELLA; AMENDMENTS; O157-H7 AB An exploratory study was performed to determine the influence of fast pyrolysis (FP) and slow pyrolysis (SP) biochars on enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 (EHEC) in soil. Soil + EHEC (inoculated at 7 log colony-forming units [CFU]/g of soil) + 1 of 12 types of biochar (10% total weight:weight in soil) was stored at 22 degrees C and sampled for 8 weeks. FP switchgrass and FP horse litter biochars inactivated 2.8 and 2.1 log CFU/g more EHEC than no-biochar soils by day 14. EHEC was undetectable by surface plating at weeks 4 and 5 in standard FP switchgrass, FP oak, and FP switchgrass pellet biochars. Conversely, EHEC populations in no-biochar control samples remained as high as 5.8 and 4.0 log CFU/g at weeks 4 and 5, respectively. Additionally, three more SP hardwood pellet biochars (generated at 500 degrees C for 1 h, or 2 h, or generated at 700 degrees C for 30 min) inactivated greater numbers of EHEC than did the no-biochar control samples during weeks 4 and 5. These results suggest that biochar can inactivate E. coli O157:H7 in cultivable soil, which might mitigate risks associated with EHEC contamination on fresh produce. C1 [Gurtler, Joshua B.] ARS, Food Safety & Intervent Technol Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Boateng, Akwasi A.; Han, Yanxue (Helen)] ARS, Sustainable Biofuels & Coprod Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Douds, David D., Jr.] ARS, Mol Characterizat Foodborne Pathogens Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Gurtler, JB (reprint author), ARS, Food Safety & Intervent Technol Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM joshua.gurtler@ars.usda.gov NR 77 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 28 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 EI 1556-7125 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 11 IS 3 BP 215 EP 223 DI 10.1089/fpd.2013.1631 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AC2GG UT WOS:000332316900007 PM 24328454 ER PT J AU Cary, JW Harris-Coward, PY Ehrlich, KC Di Mavungu, JD Malysheva, SV De Saeger, S Dowd, PF Shantappa, S Martens, SL Calvo, AM AF Cary, Jeffrey W. Harris-Coward, Pamela Y. Ehrlich, Kenneth C. Di Mavungu, Jose Diana Malysheva, Svetlana V. De Saeger, Sarah Dowd, Patrick F. Shantappa, Sourabha Martens, Stacey L. Calvo, Ana M. TI Functional characterization of a veA-dependent polyketide synthase gene in Aspergillus flavus necessary for the synthesis of asparasone, a sclerotium-specific pigment SO FUNGAL GENETICS AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aspergillus flavus; Asparasone; Sclerotium; Pigment; Secondary metabolism; VeA ID SECONDARY METABOLISM; CYCLOPIAZONIC ACID; SOLAR-RADIATION; AFLATOXIN; BIOSYNTHESIS; PARASITICUS; EXPRESSION; SURVIVAL; CLUSTER; FUNGI AB The filamentous fungus, Aspergillus flavus, produces the toxic and carcinogenic, polyketide synthase (PKS)-derived family of secondary metabolites termed aflatoxins. While analysis of the A. flavus genome has identified many other PKSs capable of producing secondary metabolites, to date, only a few other metabolites have been identified. In the process of studying how the developmental regulator, VeA, affects A. flavus secondary metabolism we discovered that mutation of veA caused a dramatic down-regulation of transcription of a polyketide synthase gene belonging to cluster 27 and the loss of the ability of the fungi to produce sclerotia. Inactivation of the cluster 27 pks (pks27) resulted in formation of greyish-yellow sclerotia rather than the dark brown sclerotia normally produced by A. flavus while conidial pigmentation was unaffected. One metabolite produced by Pks27 was identified by thin layer chromatography and mass spectral analysis as the known anthraquinone, asparasone A. Sclerotia produced by pks27 mutants were significantly less resistant to insect predation than were the sclerotia produced by the wild-type and more susceptible to the deleterious effects of ultraviolet light and heat. Normal sclerotia were previously thought to be resistant to damage because of a process of melanization similar to that known for pigmentation of conidia. Our results show that the dark brown pigments in sclerotia derive from anthraquinones produced by Pks27 rather than from the typical tetrahydronapthalene melanin production pathway. To our knowledge this is the first report on the genes involved in the biosynthesis of pigments important for sclerotial survival. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Cary, Jeffrey W.; Harris-Coward, Pamela Y.; Ehrlich, Kenneth C.] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Di Mavungu, Jose Diana; Malysheva, Svetlana V.; De Saeger, Sarah] Univ Ghent, Fac Pharmaceut Sci, Lab Food Anal, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Dowd, Patrick F.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Crop Bioprotect Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Shantappa, Sourabha; Martens, Stacey L.; Calvo, Ana M.] No Illinois Univ, Dept Biol Sci, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. RP Cary, JW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, SRRC, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM jeff.cary@ars.usda.gov NR 53 TC 23 Z9 27 U1 5 U2 41 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1087-1845 EI 1096-0937 J9 FUNGAL GENET BIOL JI Fungal Genet. Biol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 64 BP 25 EP 35 DI 10.1016/j.fgb.2014.01.001 PG 11 WC Genetics & Heredity; Mycology SC Genetics & Heredity; Mycology GA AB9VC UT WOS:000332142800003 PM 24412484 ER PT J AU Steen, DA McClure, CJW Sutton, WB Rudolph, DC Pierce, JB Lee, JR Smith, LL Gregory, BB Baxley, DL Stevenson, DJ Guyer, C AF Steen, David A. McClure, Christopher J. W. Sutton, William B. Rudolph, D. Craig Pierce, Josh B. Lee, James R. Smith, Lora L. Gregory, Beau B. Baxley, Danna L. Stevenson, Dirk J. Guyer, Craig TI COPPERHEADS ARE COMMON WHEN KINGSNAKES ARE NOT: RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN THE ABUNDANCES OF A PREDATOR AND ONE OF THEIR PREY SO HERPETOLOGICA LA English DT Article DE Agkistrodon contortrix; Community ecology; Interspecific interaction; Lampropeltis; Population; Predation; Snake ID LAMPROPELTIS-GETULA; TERRESTRIAL SNAKE; UNITED-STATES; HABITAT; DECLINE; RESPONSES; REPTILE; GEORGIA; MISSISSIPPI; COMPETITION AB Common Kingsnakes (formerly known collectively as Lampropeltis getula) are experiencing localized declines throughout the southeastern United States. Because there have been limited studies to determine how snakes regulate prey populations, and because Kingsnake declines may result in ecosystem impacts, we evaluated the hypothesis that Kingsnakes regulate the abundance of one of their prey, the venomous Copperhead (Agkistrodon contortrix). We generated a database of captures of the two species across the southeastern United States and, while controlling for large-scale habitat preferences, identified a negative relationship between the relative abundance of Kingsnakes and the relative abundance of Copperheads. Our results are correlative but consistent with the hypothesis that Copperhead populations experience a release from predation pressure where Kingsnake abundances are low. We suggest that Kingsnake declines, which are occurring for unknown reasons, are having ecological effects in affected ecosystems. We further highlight the potential role that snakes play in influencing the population dynamics of their prey. C1 [Steen, David A.] Virginia Tech, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [McClure, Christopher J. W.] Boise State Univ, Dept Biol, Boise, ID 83725 USA. [Sutton, William B.] Clemson Univ, Sch Agr Forest & Environm Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Rudolph, D. Craig; Pierce, Josh B.] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Nacogdoches, TX 75965 USA. [Lee, James R.] Nature Conservancy, Camp Shelby, MS 39407 USA. [Smith, Lora L.] Joseph W Jones Ecol Res Ctr, Newton, GA 39870 USA. [Gregory, Beau B.] Louisiana Dept Wildlife & Fisheries, Coastal & Nongame Resources Div, Baton Rouge, LA 70808 USA. [Baxley, Danna L.] Kentucky Dept Fish & Wildlife Resources, Frankfort, KY 40601 USA. [Stevenson, Dirk J.] Indigo Snake Initiat, Orianne Soc, Clayton, GA 30525 USA. [Guyer, Craig] Auburn Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Steen, DA (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM davidasteen@gmail.com OI McClure, Christopher/0000-0003-1216-7425 FU Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission's Wildlife Legacy Initiative program; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's (USFWS) State Wildlife Grants program [SWG 05-020, 060010]; University of Florida; Joseph W. Jones Ecological Research Center; DeSoto National Forest; MDWFP; MNHP; USFWS; EPA STAR program; Mississippi Army National Guard FX The Jones Center project was partially funded by the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission's Wildlife Legacy Initiative program and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's (USFWS) State Wildlife Grants program (Grant SWG 05-020, Agreement 060010). Matching funds were provided by the University of Florida and Joseph W. Jones Ecological Research Center. Work at Camp Shelby would not have been possible without the financial support of the Mississippi Army National Guard, and collaboration with the DeSoto National Forest, MDWFP, MNHP, and the USFWS. WBS would like to thank the EPA STAR program for financial support. We thank the many field technicians who provided assistance checking and maintaining traps for the all the projects. M. Simmons and J. C. Brock provided assistance generating and managing the land-cover data. K. Barrett provided helpful comments on an earlier draft of the manuscript. NR 53 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 28 PU HERPETOLOGISTS LEAGUE PI EMPORIA PA EMPORIA STATE UNIV, DIVISION BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, 1200 COMMERCIAL ST, EMPORIA, KS 66801-5087 USA SN 0018-0831 EI 1938-5099 J9 HERPETOLOGICA JI Herpetologica PD MAR PY 2014 VL 70 IS 1 BP 69 EP 76 PG 8 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AB9LU UT WOS:000332116200007 ER PT J AU Thines, BC Youn, YW Duarte, MI Harmon, FG AF Thines, Bryan C. Youn, Youngwon Duarte, Maritza I. Harmon, Frank G. TI The time of day effects of warm temperature on flowering time involve PIF4 and PIF5 SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Circadian clock; CONSTANS; flowering; FLOWERING LOCUS T; PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR; PIF4; PIF5; temperature response ID ARABIDOPSIS CIRCADIAN CLOCK; BHLH TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; SEEDLING DE-ETIOLATION; LOCUS-T; NEGATIVE REGULATOR; SHADE AVOIDANCE; RED-LIGHT; PHYTOCHROME; THALIANA; PROTEIN AB Warm temperature promotes flowering in Arabidopsis thaliana and this response involves multiple signalling pathways. To understand the temporal dynamics of temperature perception, tests were carried out to determine if there was a daily window of enhanced sensitivity to warm temperature (28 C). Warm temperature applied during daytime, night-time, or continuously elicited earlier flowering, but the effects of each treatment were unequal. Plants exposed to warm night (WN) conditions flowered nearly as early as those in constant warm (CW) conditions, while treatment with warm days (WD) caused later flowering than either WN or CW. Flowering in each condition relied to varying degrees on the activity of CO , FT , PIF4 , and PIF5 , as well as the action of unknown genes. The combination of signalling pathways involved in flowering depended on the time of the temperature cue. WN treatments caused a significant advance in the rhythmic expression waveform of CO, which correlated with pronounced up-regulation of FT expression, while WD caused limited changes in CO expression and no stimulation of FT expression. WN- and WD-induced flowering was partially CO independent and, unexpectedly, dependent on PIF4 and PIF5 . pif4-2, pif5-3, and pif4-2 pif5-3 mutants had delayed flowering under all three warm conditions. The double mutant was also late flowering in control conditions. In addition, WN conditions alone imposed selective changes to PIF4 and PIF5 expression. Thus, the PIF4 and PIF5 transcription factors promote flowering by at least two means: inducing FT expression in WN and acting outside of FT by an unknown mechanism in WD.The timing of warm temperature cues dictates the magnitude of the early flowering response in Arabidopsis thaliana and the contribution of CO, FT, PIF4, and PIF5 to promotion of flowering. C1 [Thines, Bryan C.; Youn, Youngwon; Duarte, Maritza I.; Harmon, Frank G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Harmon, Frank G.] USDA ARS, Ctr Plant Gene Express, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Harmon, FG (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM fharmon@berkeley.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture [5335-21000-026-0D]; National Institutes of Health [F32GM083536-01] FX We thank Drs Peter Quail and Joanne Chory for their generosity with materials. Timothy Richardson, Raphaela Buzzbee, and Brandon Celaya provided invaluable technical assistance. The United States Department of Agriculture [5335-21000-026-0D to FGH] and the National Institutes of Health [F32GM083536-01 to BCT] supported this work. NR 60 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 5 U2 37 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0022-0957 EI 1460-2431 J9 J EXP BOT JI J. Exp. Bot. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 65 IS 4 BP 1141 EP 1151 DI 10.1093/jxb/ert487 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AC2LQ UT WOS:000332333000018 PM 24574484 ER PT J AU Cao, JJ Picklo, MJ AF Cao, Jay J. Picklo, Matthew J. TI N-Acetylcysteine Supplementation Decreases Osteoclast Differentiation and Increases Bone Mass in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; APOE-DEFICIENT MICE; MINERAL DENSITY; OXIDATIVE STRESS; BODY-COMPOSITION; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; CRUCIAL ROLE; IN-VIVO; KAPPA-B; OBESITY AB Obesity induced by high-fat (HF) diets increases bone resorption, decreases trabecular bone mass, and reduces bone strength in various animal models. This study investigated whether N-acetylcysteine (NAG), an antioxidant and a glutathione precursor, alters glutathione status and mitigates bone microstructure deterioration in mice fed an HF diet. Forty-eight 6-wk-old male C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to 4 treatment groups (n = 12 per group) and fed either a normal-fat [NF (10% energy as fat)] or an HF (45% energy as fat) diet ad libitum with or without NAC supplementation at 1 g/kg diet for 17 wk. Compared with the NF groups, mice in the HF groups had higher body weight, greater serum leptin concentrations and osteoclast differentiation, and lower trabecular bone volume, trabecular number, and connectivity density (P < 0.05). NAG supplementation increased the serum-reduced glutathione concentration and bone volume and decreased osteoclast differentiation in HF-fed mice (P < 0.05). We further demonstrated that osteoclast differentiation was directly regulated by glutathione status. NAG treatment of murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells in vitro increased glutathione status and decreased osteoclast formation. These results show that NAC supplementation increases the bone mass of obese mice induced by an HF diet through elevating glutathione status and decreasing bone resorption. C1 [Cao, Jay J.; Picklo, Matthew J.] ARS, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. RP Cao, JJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. EM Jay.Cao@ars.usda.gov FU USDA Agricultural Research Service program "Bone Metabolism in Obesity," Current Research Information System [5450-51000-046-00D] FX Supported by the USDA Agricultural Research Service program "Bone Metabolism in Obesity," Current Research Information System no 5450-51000-046-00D NR 57 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 7 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 EI 1541-6100 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 144 IS 3 BP 289 EP 296 DI 10.3945/jn.113.185397 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AB8QE UT WOS:000332054300008 PM 24381219 ER PT J AU Shi, L Ryan, HH Jones, E Simas, TAM Lichtenstein, AH Sun, Q Hayman, LL AF Shi, Ling Ryan, Heather Harker Jones, Emily Simas, Tiffany A. Moore Lichtenstein, Alice H. Sun, Qi Hayman, Laura L. TI Urinary Isoflavone Concentrations Are Inversely Associated with Cardiometabolic Risk Markers in Pregnant U.S. Women SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIALS; SOY ISOFLAVONES; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; INSULIN-SECRETION; DIETARY PHYTOESTROGENS; DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; GLUCOSE-METABOLISM; LDL CHOLESTEROL; PROTEIN-KINASE; SERUM-LIPIDS AB Some evidence suggests that phytoestrogens, such as soy-derived isoflavones, may have beneficial effects on cardiovascular health and glycemic control. These data are mainly limited to postmenopausal women or individuals at elevated cardiometabolic risk. There is a lack of data for pregnant women who have elevated estrogen levels and physiologically altered glucose and lipid metabolism. We analyzed data from 299 pregnant women who participated in the NHANES 2001-2008 surveys. Multivariable linear regression analyses were used to examine the association between urinary concentrations of isoflavonoids and cardiometabolic risk markers, adjusted for body mass index, pregnancy trimester, total energy intake, dietary intake of protein, fiber, and cholesterol, and demographic and lifestyle factors. Cardiometabolic risk markers were log-transformed, and geometric means were calculated by quartiles of urinary concentrations of isoflavonoids. Comparing women in the highest vs. lowest quartiles of urine total isoflavone concentrations, we observed significant, inverse associations with circulating concentrations of fasting glucose (79 vs. 88 mg/dL, P-trend = 0.0009), insulin (8.2 vs. 12.8 mu U/mL, P-trend = 0.03), and triglyceride (156 vs. 185 mg/dL, P-trend = 0.02), and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (1.6 vs. 2.8, P-trend = 0.01), but not for total, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The concentrations of individual isoflavonoids, daidzein, equol, and O-desmethylangolensin were inversely associated with some cardiometabolic risk markers, although no clear pattern emerged. These data suggest that there may be a relation between isoflavone intake and cardiometabolic risk markers in pregnant women. C1 [Shi, Ling; Ryan, Heather Harker; Jones, Emily; Hayman, Laura L.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Nursing, Boston, MA 02125 USA. [Simas, Tiffany A. Moore] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Worcester, MA USA. [Lichtenstein, Alice H.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Sun, Qi] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Channing Div Network Med, Boston, MA USA. [Sun, Qi] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Shi, L (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Nursing, Harbor Campus, Boston, MA 02125 USA. FU Life Sciences Moment Fund from the University of Massachusetts Clinical and Translational Science Award Pilot Award Program [UL1TR000161] FX This study was supported by the Life Sciences Moment Fund from the University of Massachusetts Clinical and Translational Science Award Pilot Award Program grant UL1TR000161 (to L.S.). NR 55 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 EI 1541-6100 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 144 IS 3 BP 344 EP 351 DI 10.3945/jn.113.184069 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AB8QE UT WOS:000332054300015 PM 24381220 ER PT J AU Widen, EM Bentley, ME Kayira, D Chasela, CS Daza, EJ Kacheche, ZK Tegha, G Jamieson, DJ Kourtis, AP van der Horst, CM Allen, LH Shahab-Ferdows, S Adair, LS AF Widen, Elizabeth M. Bentley, Margaret E. Kayira, Dumbani Chasela, Charles S. Daza, Eric J. Kacheche, Zebrone K. Tegha, Gerald Jamieson, Denise J. Kourtis, Athena P. van der Horst, Charles M. Allen, Lindsay H. Shahab-Ferdows, Setareh Adair, Linda S. CA BAN Study Team TI Changes in Soluble Transferrin Receptor and Hemoglobin Concentrations in Malawian Mothers Are Associated with Those Values in their Exclusively Breastfed, HIV-Exposed Infants SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID IRON-DEFICIENCY ANEMIA; TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION; PLASMA FERRITIN; INFECTED WOMEN; 6 MO; MILK; LACTATION; BAN; PREGNANCY; STORES AB Infant iron status at birth is influenced by maternal iron status during pregnancy; however, there are limited data on the extent to which maternal iron status is associated with infant iron status during exclusive breastfeeding. We evaluated how maternal and infant hemoglobin and iron status [soluble transferrin receptors (TfR) and ferritin] were related during exclusive breastfeeding in HIV-infected women and their infants. The Breastfeeding, Antiretrovirals, and Nutrition Study was a randomized controlled trial in Lilongwe, Malawi, in which HIV-infected women were assigned with a 2 X 3 factorial design to a lipid-based nutrient supplement (LNS), or no LNS, and maternal, infant, or no antiretroviral drug, and followed for 24 wk. Longitudinal models were used to relate postpartum maternal hemoglobin (n = 1926) to concurrently measured infant hemoglobin, adjusting for initial infant hemoglobin values. In a subsample, change in infant iron status (hemoglobin, log ferritin, log TfR) between 2 (n = 352) or 6 wk (n = 167) and 24 wk (n = 519) was regressed on corresponding change in the maternal indicator, adjusting for 2 or 6 wk values. A1 g/L higher maternal hemoglobin at 12, 18, and 24 wk was associated with a 0.06 g/L (P = 0.01), 0.10 g/L (P < 0.001), and 0.06 g/L (P = 0.01), respectively, higher infant hemoglobin. In the subsample, a reduction in maternal log TfR and an increase in hemoglobin from initial measurement to 24 wk were associated with the same pattern in infant values (log TfR beta = -0.18 mg/L, P < 0.001; hemoglobin beta = 0.13 g/L, P= 0.01). Given the observed influence of maternal and initial infant values, optimizing maternal iron status in pregnancy and postpartum is important to protect infant iron status. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00164736. C1 [Widen, Elizabeth M.] Columbia Univ, Inst Human Nutr, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Widen, Elizabeth M.] Columbia Univ, Dept Epidemiol, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Bentley, Margaret E.; Adair, Linda S.] Univ N Carolina, Carolina Populat Ctr, Sch Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Bentley, Margaret E.; Adair, Linda S.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Nutr, Sch Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Daza, Eric J.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biostat, Sch Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [van der Horst, Charles M.] Univ N Carolina, Div Infect Dis, Sch Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Kayira, Dumbani; Kacheche, Zebrone K.; Tegha, Gerald] UNC Project, Lilongwe, Malawi. [Chasela, Charles S.] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, Parktown, South Africa. [Jamieson, Denise J.; Kourtis, Athena P.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Allen, Lindsay H.; Shahab-Ferdows, Setareh] USDA ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA USA. RP Widen, EM (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Inst Human Nutr, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM ew2435@columbia.edu FU Prevention Research Centers Special Interest Project of the CDC [SIP 13-01 U48-CCU409660-09, SIP 26-04 U48-DP000059-01, SIP 22-09 U48-DP001944-01]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; University of North Carolina Center for AIDS Research [P30-AI50410]; National Institutes of Health Fogarty AIDS International Training and Research Program [DHHS/NIH/FIC 2-D43 Tw01039-06, R24 Tw00798]; Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation; United Nations Children's Fund; World Food Program; Malawi Ministry of Health and Population; Johnson and Johnson; U.S Agency for International Development; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [OPP53107]; Carolina Population Center [R24 HD050924] FX The Breastfeeding, Antiretrovirals, and Nutrition (BAN) Study was supported by grants from the Prevention Research Centers Special Interest Project of the CDC (SIP 13-01 U48-CCU409660-09, SIP 26-04 U48-DP000059-01, and SIP 22-09 U48-DP001944-01), the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, the University of North Carolina Center for AIDS Research (P30-AI50410), and the National Institutes of Health Fogarty AIDS International Training and Research Program (DHHS/NIH/FIC 2-D43 Tw01039-06 and R24 Tw00798, the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act). The antiretrovirals used in the BAN Study were donated by Abbott Laboratories, GlaxoSmithKline, Boehringer Ingelheim, Roche Pharmaceuticals, and Bristol-Myers Squibb. The Call to Action PMTCT program was supported by the Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation, the United Nations Children's Fund, the World Food Program, the Malawi Ministry of Health and Population, Johnson and Johnson, and the U.S Agency for International Development The Malawi Mothers and Infants project was supported by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (Grant OPP53107) and the Carolina Population Center (R24 HD050924). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the CDC NR 43 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 EI 1541-6100 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 144 IS 3 BP 367 EP 374 DI 10.3945/jn.113.177915 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AB8QE UT WOS:000332054300018 PM 24381222 ER PT J AU Guenther, PM Kirkpatrick, SI Reedy, J Krebs-Smith, SM Buckman, DW Dodd, KW Casavale, KO Carroll, RJ AF Guenther, Patricia M. Kirkpatrick, Sharon I. Reedy, Jill Krebs-Smith, Susan M. Buckman, Dennis W. Dodd, Kevin W. Casavale, Kellie O. Carroll, Raymond J. TI The Healthy Eating Index-2010 Is a Valid and Reliable Measure of Diet Quality According to the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID EPISODICALLY CONSUMED FOODS; DISEASE; RECOMMENDATIONS; RACE/ETHNICITY; REDUCTION; PATTERNS; ADULTS; INCOME; GOALS; MODEL AB The Healthy Eating Index (HEI), a measure of diet quality, was updated to reflect the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans and the accompanying USDA Food Patterns. To assess the validity and reliability of the HEI-2010, exemplary menus were scored and 2 24-h dietary recalls from individuals aged >= 2 y from the 2003-2004 NHANES were used to estimate multivariate usual intake distributions and assess whether the HEI-2010 1) has a distribution wide enough to detect meaningful differences in diet quality among individuals, 2) distinguishes between groups with known differences in diet quality by using t tests, 3) measures diet quality independently of energy intake by using Pearson correlation coefficients, 4) has >1 underlying dimension by using principal components analysis (PCA), and 5) is internally consistent by calculating Cronbach's coefficient alpha. HEI-2010 scores were at or near the maximum levels for the exemplary menus. The distribution of scores among the population was wide (5th percentile = 31.7; 95th percentile = 70.4). As predicted, men's diet quality (mean HEI-2010 total score = 49.8) was poorer than women's (52.7), younger adults' diet quality (45.4) was poorer than older adults' (56.1), and smokers' diet quality (45.7) was poorer than nonsmokers' (53.3) (P < 0.01). Low correlations with energy were observed for HEI-2010 total and component scores (vertical bar r vertical bar <= 0.21). Cronbach's coefficient a was 0.68, supporting the reliability of the HEI-2010 total score as an indicator of overall diet quality. Nonetheless, PCA indicated multiple underlying dimensions, highlighting the fact that the component scores are equally as important as the total. A comparable reevaluation of the HEI-2005 yielded similar results. This study supports the validity and the reliability of both versions of the HEI. C1 [Guenther, Patricia M.; Casavale, Kellie O.] USDA, Ctr Nutr Policy & Promot, Alexandria, VA USA. [Kirkpatrick, Sharon I.; Reedy, Jill; Krebs-Smith, Susan M.; Dodd, Kevin W.] NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Buckman, Dennis W.] Informat Management Serv Inc, Rockville, MD USA. [Carroll, Raymond J.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Stat, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Guenther, PM (reprint author), Univ Utah, Div Nutr, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. EM PMGuenther@outlook.com OI Kirkpatrick, Sharon/0000-0001-9896-5975 FU National Cancer Institute [R37-CA057030] FX This research was supported by National Cancer Institute grant R37-CA057030 (to R.J.C). NR 35 TC 77 Z9 78 U1 3 U2 35 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 EI 1541-6100 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 144 IS 3 BP 399 EP 407 DI 10.3945/jn.113.183079 PG 9 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AB8QE UT WOS:000332054300022 PM 24453128 ER PT J AU Dollahite, JS Pijai, EI Scott-Pierce, M Parker, C Trochim, W AF Dollahite, Jamie S. Pijai, Erika I. Scott-Pierce, Michelle Parker, Carol Trochim, William TI A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Community-Based Nutrition Education Program for Low-Income Parents SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE low income; EFNEP; randomized controlled trial; longitudinal behavior change; Head Start; parents ID FOOD-RELATED BEHAVIORS; EXPANDED-FOOD; KNOWLEDGE; EFNEP; PARTICIPANTS; WOMEN; COST AB Objective: Assess effectiveness of the Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program on nutrition behaviors post-education and longitudinally. Design: Switching replications randomized experimental design. Participants randomly assigned to immediate education (IE) or delayed education (DE). Participants in IE received intervention the first 8 weeks, and those in DE the second 8 weeks, with no intervention during alternate periods. Data were collected in 3 repeated measures. Participants: Parents (n = 168 randomized; n = 134 completed) of children in 2 Head Start and 6 low-income schools. Intervention: Eight weekly workshops, based on Eating Right is Basic-Enhanced adapted to incorporate dialogue approach with experiential learning. Main Outcome Measures: Ten-item self-reported behavior checklist on nutrition, food resource management, food safety, and food security; responses on a 5-point scale reporting frequency of behavior. Analysis: Chi-square, analysis of variance, and multiple regression. Results: Groups were demographically similar. Both groups reported improved behaviors pre- to post-education (P < .05). There was no significant difference between groups at Time 1 (T1) or DE control period (T1 vs T2). Changed IE behavior was retained T2 to T3. A multiple regression model of overall change, controlling for T1 score and educator, showed significant improvement (n = 134, beta = 5.72, P < .001). Conclusions and Implications: Positive outcomes were supported by this experimental study in a usual program context, with reported behavior changes retained at least 2 months. C1 [Dollahite, Jamie S.; Scott-Pierce, Michelle] Cornell Univ, Div Nutr Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Pijai, Erika I.] USDA Food & Nutr Serv, Child Nutr Div, Alexandria, VA USA. [Parker, Carol] Cornell Univ, Cornell Cooperat Extens, Ithaca, NY USA. [Trochim, William] Cornell Univ, Dept Policy Anal & Management, Ithaca, NY USA. RP Dollahite, JS (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Div Nutr Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM jsd13@cornell.edu FU USDA/National Institutes of Food and Agriculture; College of Human Ecology, Cornell University FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the assistance of the excellent EFNEP educators and the EFNEP participants who made this study possible. Funding was provided the USDA/National Institutes of Food and Agriculture and the College of Human Ecology, Cornell University. NR 31 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 5 U2 34 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1499-4046 EI 1878-2620 J9 J NUTR EDUC BEHAV JI J. Nutr. Educ. Behav. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 46 IS 2 BP 102 EP 109 DI 10.1016/j.jneb.2013.09.004 PG 8 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Education & Educational Research; Nutrition & Dietetics GA AC3LS UT WOS:000332421100006 PM 24268300 ER PT J AU Lin, JY Guo, JB Finer, J Dorrance, AE Redinbaugh, MG Qu, F AF Lin, Junyan Guo, Jiangbo Finer, John Dorrance, Anne E. Redinbaugh, Margaret G. Qu, Feng TI The Bean Pod Mottle Virus RNA2-Encoded 58-Kilodalton Protein P58 Is Required in cis for RNA2 Accumulation SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID COWPEA MOSAIC-VIRUS; PLANT-VIRUS; HOST FACTORS; STEM-LOOP; REPLICATION; EXPRESSION; TRANSLATION AB Bean pod mottle virus (BPMV) is a bipartite, positive-sense (+) RNA plant virus in the Secoviridae family. Its RNA1 encodes proteins required for genome replication, whereas RNA2 primarily encodes proteins needed for virion assembly and cell-to-cell movement. However, the function of a 58-kDa protein (P58) encoded by RNA2 has not been resolved. P58 and the movement protein (MP) of BPMV are two largely identical proteins differing only at their N termini, with P58 extending MP upstream by 102 amino acid residues. In this report, we unveil a unique role for P58. We show that BPMV RNA2 accumulation in infected cells was abolished when the start codon of P58 was eliminated. The role of P58 does not require the region shared by MP, as RNA2 accumulation in individual cells remained robust even when most of the MP coding sequence was removed. Importantly, the function of P58 required the P58 protein, rather than its coding RNA, as compensatory mutants could be isolated that restored RNA2 accumulation by acquiring new start codons upstream of the original one. Most strikingly, loss of P58 function could not be complemented by P58 provided in trans, suggesting that P58 functions in cis to selectively promote the accumulation of RNA2 copies that encode a functional P58 protein. Finally, we found that all RNA1-encoded proteins are cis-acting relative to RNA1. Together, our results suggest that P58 probably functions by recruiting the RNA1-encoded polyprotein to RNA2 to enable RNA2 reproduction. C1 [Lin, Junyan; Guo, Jiangbo; Dorrance, Anne E.; Redinbaugh, Margaret G.; Qu, Feng] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Plant Pathol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Finer, John] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Hort & Crop Sci, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Guo, Jiangbo] Inner Mongolia Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Math Phys & Biol Engn, Baotou, Peoples R China. [Redinbaugh, Margaret G.] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, USDA ARS, Corn & Soybean Res Unit, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Qu, F (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Plant Pathol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM qu.28@osu.edu RI Redinbaugh, Margaret/A-3611-2013; Finer, John/N-4713-2014 OI Finer, John/0000-0001-8004-5468 FU OARDC Graduate Seed award; North Central Soybean Research Program; Ohio Soybean Council FX This study was supported in part by an OARDC Graduate Seed award to J.L. Soybean virus-related research in the Qu lab has been supported in part by grants from the North Central Soybean Research Program and the Ohio Soybean Council. NR 25 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X EI 1098-5514 J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 88 IS 6 BP 3213 EP 3222 DI 10.1128/JVI.03301-13 PG 10 WC Virology SC Virology GA AB9PA UT WOS:000332126000015 PM 24390330 ER PT J AU Webb, D Donovan, SM Meydani, SN AF Webb, Densie Donovan, Sharon M. Meydani, Simin Nikbin TI The role of Yogurt in improving the quality of the American diet and meeting dietary guidelines SO NUTRITION REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE dietary guidelines; yogurt; dairy ID NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; BONE-MINERAL CONTENT; NATIONAL-HEALTH; UNITED-STATES; LACTOSE-INTOLERANCE; DAIRY CONSUMPTION; HEART-ASSOCIATION; FOOD-CONSUMPTION; POTASSIUM INTAKE; CALCIUM INTAKE AB The Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) recommend three daily servings of low- or nonfat dairy products, yet two-thirds of individuals in the United States do not meet that goal. Including low- or nonfat yogurt as part of an overall healthful diet can be a positive step toward meeting the DGA recommendations. Yogurt naturally contains calcium and potassium, and some products are fortified with vitamin D. All of these nutrients were identified in the DGA as "nutrients of concern," because typical intake falls far short of recommended intakes. Yogurt can also be an excellent source of high-quality protein, which promotes satiety, helps in maintaining a healthy body weight, and aids muscle and bone growth. In addition, yogurt is low in sodium and contributes 1.0% or less of added sugars to the diets of most individuals in the United States; however, 90% of children and adults consume less than 8 ounces (1 cup) of yogurt per week. Thus, consuming 1 serving of yogurt per day would help to meet the DGA-recommended dairy servings and would provide nutrients of concern. C1 [Webb, Densie] Hlth & Nutr Commun, Austin, TX USA. [Donovan, Sharon M.] Univ Illinois, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Meydani, Simin Nikbin] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Meydani, SN (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA HNRCA, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM simin.meydani@tufts.edu OI Donovan, Sharon/0000-0002-9785-4189 FU Dannon Company Inc. (White Plains, NY) FX This work was supported by The Dannon Company Inc. (White Plains, NY). The Dannon Company Inc. helped develop this article but did not have final approval for its content. NR 84 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 32 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0029-6643 EI 1753-4887 J9 NUTR REV JI Nutr. Rev. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 72 IS 3 BP 180 EP 189 DI 10.1111/nure.12098 PG 10 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AC1PM UT WOS:000332268500003 PM 24602122 ER PT J AU Peretto, G Du, WX Avena-Bustillos, RJ Sarreal, SBL Hua, SST Sambo, P McHugh, TH AF Peretto, Greta Du, Wen-Xian Avena-Bustillos, Roberto J. Sarreal, Siov Bouy L. Hua, Sui Sheng T. Sambo, Paolo McHugh, Tara H. TI Increasing strawberry shelf-life with carvacrol and methyl cinnamate antimicrobial vapors released from edible films SO POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Antimicrobial activity; Essential oils; Post-harvest; Strawberry; Quality; Edible film ID PLANT ESSENTIAL OILS; MAINTAINING POSTHARVEST QUALITY; ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; BOTRYTIS-CINEREA; ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY; VOLATILE COMPOUNDS; ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTIES; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; FOOD-PRODUCTS; FRUITS AB The effect of carvacrol and methyl cinnamate vapors incorporated into strawberry puree edible films on the postharvest quality of strawberry fruit (Fragaria x ananassa) was investigated. Fresh strawberries were packed in clamshells and kept at 10 degrees C for 10 days with 90% RH. Strawberry puree edible films, applied in the clamshell, served as carriers for the controlled release of natural antimicrobial compounds without direct contact with the fruit. Changes in weight loss, visible decay, firmness, surface color, total soluble solids content, total soluble phenolics content and antioxidant capacity of strawberries during storage were evaluated. A significant delay and reduction in the severity of visible decay was observed in fruit exposed to antimicrobial vapors. Carvacrol and methyl cinnamate vapors released from the films helped to maintain firmness and brightness of strawberries as compare to the untreated strawberries. The natural antimicrobial vapors also increased the total soluble phenolics content and antioxidant activity of fruit at the end of the storage period. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Peretto, Greta; Sambo, Paolo] Univ Padua, Dept Agron Food Nat Resources Anim & Environm, I-35020 Padua, Italy. [Du, Wen-Xian; Avena-Bustillos, Roberto J.; Sarreal, Siov Bouy L.; Hua, Sui Sheng T.; McHugh, Tara H.] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Peretto, G (reprint author), Univ Padua, Dept Agron Food Nat Resources Anim & Environm, Viale Univ 16, I-35020 Padua, Italy. EM greta.peretto@studenti.unipd.it RI sambo, Paolo/B-6742-2014 OI sambo, Paolo/0000-0003-4348-8838 FU Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE) of University of Padova (Italy) FX This work was supported by the Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE) of University of Padova (Italy). The authors are grateful for the assistance provided by the Western Regional Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural research Service. NR 64 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 5 U2 68 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-5214 EI 1873-2356 J9 POSTHARVEST BIOL TEC JI Postharvest Biol. Technol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 89 BP 11 EP 18 DI 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2013.11.003 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA AB6QX UT WOS:000331915700003 ER PT J AU Humber, RA AF Humber, Richard A. TI FUNGAL BIOLOGY IN THE ORIGIN AND EMERGENCE OF LIFE. SO QUARTERLY REVIEW OF BIOLOGY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Humber, Richard A.] USDA, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY USA. RP Humber, RA (reprint author), USDA, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0033-5770 EI 1539-7718 J9 Q REV BIOL JI Q. Rev. Biol. PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 1 BP 68 EP 68 DI 10.1086/675036 PG 1 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA AA7SH UT WOS:000331296700048 ER PT J AU Flores, D AF Flores, David TI Memories of War: Sources of Vietnam Veteran Pro- and Antiwar Political Attitudes 1 SO SOCIOLOGICAL FORUM LA English DT Article ID SOCIALIZATION; PARTY; REALIGNMENT; SUPPORT; RACE; SOCIOLOGY; IDENTITY; ACCOUNTS; GENDER; RIGHTS C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87102 USA. RP Flores, D (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, 333 Broadway Blvd Southeast,Suite 115, Albuquerque, NM 87102 USA. EM davidflores@fs.fed.us NR 73 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0884-8971 EI 1573-7861 J9 SOCIOL FORUM JI Sociol. Forum PD MAR PY 2014 VL 29 IS 1 BP 98 EP 119 PG 22 WC Sociology SC Sociology GA AC0SX UT WOS:000332206200005 ER PT J AU Teaster, ND Hoagland, RE AF Teaster, Neal D. Hoagland, Robert E. TI Characterization of glyphosate resistance in cloned Amaranthus palmeri plants SO WEED BIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE bioassay; cloned seedlings; glyphosate resistance; Amaranthus palmeri; macro-vegetative propagation ID PERENNE SSP MULTIFLORUM; HERBICIDE-RESISTANCE; GENE AMPLIFICATION; CONFIRMATION; TUBERCULATUS; MECHANISMS; ARKANSAS; WEEDS; RUDIS; HYBRIDIZATION AB Glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth from Georgia (GA), USA, possesses multiple copies of the gene that encodes 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS), the enzyme target site of this herbicide. The cloned plants of glyphosate-resistant and glyphosate-susceptible Palmer amaranth biotypes from Mississippi (MS), USA, and GA were evaluated for glyphosate injury (digital imaging) in leaf disc bioassays. Four groups (three resistant groups: two from MS [G and R] and one from GA [C7]; one susceptible group from GA [C3]) were chosen for cloning to facilitate long-term studies. After exposure to glyphosate (1.0 mmol L-1, 144 h), the level of injury (mean value) was low in the resistant groups, while a higher level of injury was found in the susceptible group. However, the individual injury values within all groups varied widely. The mean EPSPS gene copy number of these groups was G >= R > C7 >>> C3. However, a higher copy number did not always convey increased resistance in these bioassays. When the copy number was high (>20), 81.5% of the bioassayed plants exhibited little or no injury and only similar to 20% were significantly injured, while 50% of the plants with a low copy number (<20) remained healthy. Overall, no strong statistical correlation of the copy number versus injury occurred in these cloned plants and no statistical relationship of resistance and copy number with the sex of the MS plants was observed. The results suggest that although an elevated copy number of the EPSPS gene can instill resistance, other mechanisms might contribute to the overall glyphosate resistance of Palmer amaranth in these plants. C1 [Teaster, Neal D.; Hoagland, Robert E.] ARS, Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Hoagland, RE (reprint author), ARS, Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, USDA, POB 350, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM bob.hoagland@ars.usda.gov NR 46 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 33 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1444-6162 EI 1445-6664 J9 WEED BIOL MANAG JI Weed Biol. Manag. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 14 IS 1 BP 1 EP 10 DI 10.1111/wbm.12024 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA AB8VI UT WOS:000332067700001 ER PT J AU Briske, DD Ash, AJ Derner, JD Huntsinger, L AF Briske, David D. Ash, Andrew J. Derner, Justin D. Huntsinger, Lynn TI Commentary: A critical assessment of the policy endorsement for holistic management SO AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID GRAZING MANAGEMENT; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; RANGELANDS; CARBON; STRATEGIES; VEGETATION; ECOSYSTEM; IMPACTS; SCALE AB This commentary summarizes the evidence supporting holistic management (HM) and intensive rotational grazing (IRG) to demonstrate the extent to which Sherren and coauthors (2012) have overstated their policy endorsement of HM for rangeland application. Five major points are presented - distinction between HM and IRG, insufficient evaluation of the contradictory evidence, limitations of the experimental approach, additional costs associated with IRG, and heterogeneous capabilities and goals of graziers' to manage intensive strategies - to justify why this policy endorsement is ill-advised. The vast majority of experimental evidence does not support claims of enhanced ecological benefits in IRG compared to other grazing strategies, including the capacity to increase storage of soil organic carbon. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Briske, David D.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Ash, Andrew J.] CSIRO, St Lucia, Qld, Australia. [Derner, Justin D.] ARS, USDA, High Plains Grasslands Res Stn, Cheyenne, WY USA. [Huntsinger, Lynn] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Briske, DD (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM dbriske@tamu.edu RI Huntsinger, Lynn/G-5453-2011; Ash, Andrew/D-5237-2012 OI Huntsinger, Lynn/0000-0001-9444-4152; NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 7 U2 60 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-521X EI 1873-2267 J9 AGR SYST JI Agric. Syst. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 125 BP 50 EP 53 DI 10.1016/j.agsy.2013.12.001 PG 4 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA AB6UO UT WOS:000331925200006 ER PT J AU Sample, VA Halofsky, JE Peterson, DL AF Sample, V. Alaric Halofsky, Jessica E. Peterson, David L. TI US strategy for forest management adaptation to climate change: building a framework for decision making SO ANNALS OF FOREST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Climate change vulnerability assessment; Adaptation prioritization ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; NORTH-AMERICA; SNOWPACK; TRENDS AB Recent policy changes in the USA direct agencies managing federal forests to analyze the potential effects of climate change on forest productivity, water resource protection, wildlife habitat, biodiversity, and other values. This paper describes methods developed to (1) assess current risks, vulnerabilities, and gaps in knowledge; (2) engage internal agency resources and external partners in the development of options and solutions; and (3) manage forest resources for resilience, not just in terms of natural ecosystems but in affected human communities as well. We describe an approach designed to characterize certain climate change effects on forests, and estimate the effectiveness of response options ranging from resistance to a realignment of management objectives. Field testing on a 6,300 km(2) area of conifer forest in the northwestern USA shows this decision model to be useful and cost-effective in identifying the highest sensitivities relating to vegetation management, biological diversity, water resources and forest transportation systems, and building consensus for adaptive strategies and actions. Results suggest that this approach is an effective means for guiding management decisions to adapt to the effects of climate change, and provides an empirical basis for setting budgetary and management priorities. C1 [Sample, V. Alaric] Pinchot Inst, Washington, DC 20036 USA. [Halofsky, Jessica E.] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Peterson, David L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. RP Sample, VA (reprint author), Pinchot Inst, 1616 P St NW, Washington, DC 20036 USA. EM alsample@pinchot.org; jhalo@uw.edu; peterson@fs.fed.us FU U.S. Forest Service, Office of Research and Development, Pacific Northwest Research Station FX The authors wish to thank Marc R. Magaud of the Embassy of France in the USA, Office of Environment and Sustainable Development, Washington, DC, and Jean-Luc Peyron of GIP-ECOFOR, Paris, for their assistance and support. Major funding for this research was provided by the U.S. Forest Service, Office of Research and Development, Pacific Northwest Research Station. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 32 PU SPRINGER FRANCE PI PARIS PA 22 RUE DE PALESTRO, PARIS, 75002, FRANCE SN 1286-4560 EI 1297-966X J9 ANN FOREST SCI JI Ann. For. Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 71 IS 2 SI SI BP 125 EP 130 DI 10.1007/s13595-013-0288-6 PG 6 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AB3RC UT WOS:000331706900003 ER PT J AU Shanks, OC Kelty, CA Peed, L Sivaganesan, M Mooney, T Jenkins, M AF Shanks, Orin C. Kelty, Catherine A. Peed, Lindsay Sivaganesan, Mano Mooney, Thomas Jenkins, Michael TI Age-Related Shifts in the Density and Distribution of Genetic Marker Water Quality Indicators in Cow and Calf Feces SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID REAL-TIME PCR; ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; BOVINE FECAL POLLUTION; 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; QUANTITATIVE PCR; BACTERIA; MONENSIN; SAMPLES; ASSAYS; RUMEN AB Calves make up about 16% of the current bovine population in the United States and can excrete high levels of human pathogens in their feces. We describe the density and distribution of genetic markers from 9 PCR- and real-time quantitative PCR-based assays, including CF128, CF193, CowM2, CowM3, GenBac3, Entero1, EC23S857, CampF2, and ttr-6, commonly used to help assess ambient surface water quality. Each assay was tested against a collection of 381 individual bovine fecal samples representing 31 mother and calf pairings collected over a 10-month time period from time of birth through weaning. Genetic markers reported to be associated with ruminant and/or bovine fecal pollution were virtually undetected in calves for up to 115 days from birth, suggesting that physiological changes in calf ruminant function impact host-associated genetic marker shedding. In addition, general fecal indicator markers for Bacteroidales, Escherichia coli, and Enterococcus spp. exhibited three separate trends across time, indicating that these bacteria respond differently to age-related physiological and dietary changes during calf development. The results of this study suggest that currently available PCR-based water quality indicator technologies can under-or overestimate fecal pollution originating from calves and identify a need for novel calf-associated source identification methods. C1 [Shanks, Orin C.; Kelty, Catherine A.; Peed, Lindsay; Sivaganesan, Mano] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Mooney, Thomas] Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Jenkins, Michael] ARS, USDA, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Water Qual & Ecol Res Unit, Oxford, MS USA. RP Shanks, OC (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM shanks.orin@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed, or partially funded and collaborated in, the research described here. It has been subjected to the Agency's peer and administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official positions and policies of the U.S. EPA. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 33 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 80 IS 5 BP 1588 EP 1594 DI 10.1128/AEM.03581-13 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA AB2MH UT WOS:000331626300006 PM 24362434 ER PT J AU Acosta-Martinez, V Moore-Kucera, J Cotton, J Gardner, T Wester, D AF Acosta-Martinez, V. Moore-Kucera, J. Cotton, J. Gardner, T. Wester, D. TI Soil enzyme activities during the 2011 Texas record drought/heat wave and implications to biogeochemical cycling and organic matter dynamics SO APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Soil enzymes; Drought; Cropping systems; Climate change; Soil quality; Heat wave ID MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; CROPPING SYSTEMS; MEDITERRANEAN FOREST; RESPONSES; BIOMASS; COTTON AB Extreme droughts and heat waves due to climate change may have permanent consequences on soil quality and functioning in agroecosystems. During November 2010 to August 2011, the Southern High Plains (SHP) region of Texas, U.S., a large cotton producing area, received only 39.6 mm of precipitation (vs. the historical avg. of 373 mm) and experienced the hottest summer since record keeping began in 1911. Several enzyme activities (EAs) important in biogeochemical cycling were evaluated in two soils (a loam and a sandy loam at 0-10 cm) with a management history of monoculture (continuous cotton) or rotation (cotton and sorghum or millet). Samplings occurred under the most extreme drought and heat conditions (July 2011), after precipitation resulted in a reduction in a drought severity index (March 2012), and 12 months after the initial sampling (July 2012; loam only). Eight out of ten EAs, were significantly higher in July 2011 compared to March 2012 for some combinations of soil type and management history. Among these eight EAs, enzymes key to C (beta-glucosidase, beta-glucosaminidase) and P cycling (phosphodiesterase, acid and alkaline phosphatases) were significantly higher (19-79%) in July 2011 than in March 2012 for both management histories regardless of the soil type (P>0.05). When comparing all sampling times, the activities of alkaline phosphatase, aspartase and urease (rotation only) showed this trend: July 2011 > March 2012 > July 2012. Activities of phosphodiesterase, acid phosphatase, alpha-galactosidase, beta-glucosidase and beta-glucosaminidase were higher in July 2011 than July 2012 in at least one of the two management histories. Total C was reduced significantly from July 2011 to March 2012 in the rotation for both soils. Only the activities of arylsulfatase (avg. 36%) and asparaginase showed an increase from July 2011 to March 2012 for both soil types, which may indicate they have a different origin/location than the other enzymes. EAs continued to be a fingerprint of the soil management history (i.e., higher EAs in the rotation than in monoculture) during the drought/heat wave. This study provided some of the first evidence of the adverse effects of a natural, extreme drought and heat wave on soil quality in agroecosystems as indicated by EAs involved in biogeochemical cycling. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Acosta-Martinez, V.; Cotton, J.; Gardner, T.] USDA ARS, Cropping Syst Res Lab, Wind Eros & Water Conservat Unit, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. [Moore-Kucera, J.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Gardner, T.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Wester, D.] Texas A&M Univ Kingsville, Dept Anim Rangeland & Wildlife Sci, Kingsville, TX 78363 USA. [Wester, D.] Texas A&M Univ Kingsville, Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Res Inst, Kingsville, TX 78363 USA. RP Acosta-Martinez, V (reprint author), USDA ARS, Cropping Syst Res Lab, Wind Eros & Water Conservat Unit, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. EM veronica.acosta-martinez@ars.usda.gov; jennifer.moore-kucera@ttu.edu; Jon.Cotton@ars.usda.gov; tggardne@ncsu.edu; david.wester@tamuk.edu OI Gardner, Terrence/0000-0002-6018-2083 NR 42 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 6 U2 51 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-1393 EI 1873-0272 J9 APPL SOIL ECOL JI Appl. Soil Ecol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 75 BP 43 EP 51 DI 10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.10.008 PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA AB5VD UT WOS:000331855900005 ER PT J AU Tani, M Matera, R Horvath, KV Hasan, TS Schaefer, EJ Asztalos, BF AF Tani, Mariko Matera, Robert Horvath, Katalin V. Hasan, Tahira S. Schaefer, Ernst J. Asztalos, Bela F. TI The influence of apoE-deficiency and LDL-receptor-deficiency on the HDL subpopulation profile in mice and in humans SO ATHEROSCLEROSIS LA English DT Article DE HDL; apoE deficiency; LDL receptor deficiency; Mouse model ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; APOLIPOPROTEIN-E DEFICIENCY; HETEROZYGOUS FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; III HYPERLIPOPROTEINEMIA; CHOLESTEROL EFFLUX; GENETIC CAUSES; PREVALENCE; C57BL/6; BINDING; RISK AB Objective: As apoE(-/-) and LDL-Receptor(-/-) mice are commonly used in atherosclerosis research; our objective was to point out the differences in HDL metabolism between mice and humans regarding the roles of apoE and LDLR. Methods: We examined HDL particles obtained from wild type (WT), LDLR-/-, and apoE(-/-) mice, as well as from normal, homozygous familial hypercholesterolemic (FH), and apoE-deficient human subjects by 2-dimensional non-denaturing PAGE followed by immunoblot and image analysis. Results: In WT mice, the majority of apoA-I was in large (9.0-12.0 nm), alpha-mobility HDL with trace amounts of apoA-I in small, pre beta-1 HDL. In LDL-/- mice, both apoA-I-and apoE-containing HDL looked normal. About one-third of apoE was associated with large apoA-I-containing HDL (LpA-I: E) and two-thirds formed large HDL without apoA-I (LpE). In apoE(-/-) mice, apoA-I was detected in multiple, beta-pre beta-mobility, tightly-packed bands (7.0-13.0 nm) indicating that apoA-I in these animals was present only in poorly-lipidated, discoidal particles. Neither FH nor apoE-deficient humans showed significant alterations in apoA-I-containing HDL particles as compared to non-carriers. Conclusions: Our data indicate that apoE is necessary for the formation of spherical, lipidated HDL particles in mice, but not in humans, probably because mice lack CETP. Based on our data, we hypothesize that apoE(-/-) mice have little or no functional HDL, therefore results from apoE(-/-) mice cannot be extrapolated to humans without taking this significant difference into consideration. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Tani, Mariko; Matera, Robert; Horvath, Katalin V.; Schaefer, Ernst J.; Asztalos, Bela F.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Lipid Metab Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Tani, Mariko] Ochanomizu Univ, Inst Enviromental Sci Human Life, Tokyo 112, Japan. [Hasan, Tahira S.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Vasc Biol Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Asztalos, BF (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Lipid Metab Lab, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM bela.asztalos@tufts.edu FU US Department of Agriculture Research Service [53-3K-06]; Strategic Young Researcher Overseas Visits Program for Accelerating Brain Circulation, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science FX The work was supported by the US Department of Agriculture Research Service Contract 53-3K-06 (EJS). Additionally, M Tani was supported by a grant from the Strategic Young Researcher Overseas Visits Program for Accelerating Brain Circulation, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. NR 25 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0021-9150 EI 1879-1484 J9 ATHEROSCLEROSIS JI Atherosclerosis PD MAR PY 2014 VL 233 IS 1 BP 39 EP 44 DI 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2013.11.080 PG 6 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA AB1OZ UT WOS:000331563400008 PM 24529120 ER PT J AU Meydani, M Kwan, P Band, M Knight, A Guo, WM Goutis, J Ordovas, J AF Meydani, Mohsen Kwan, Paul Band, Michael Knight, Ashley Guo, Weimin Goutis, Jason Ordovas, Jose TI Long-term vitamin E supplementation reduces atherosclerosis and mortality in Ldlr(-/-) mice, but not when fed Western style diet SO ATHEROSCLEROSIS LA English DT Article DE Vitamin E; Atherosclerosis; Ldlr(-/-) mouse; Survival; Fatty lesion; Long-term supplementation ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; RECEPTOR-DEFICIENT MICE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; GISSI-PREVENZIONE TRIAL; CORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASE; INTIMA-MEDIA THICKNESS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; HEART-DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; MATERNAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA AB Objectives: Epidemiological and experimental evidence have indicated potential health benefits of vitamin E supplementation on coronary heart disease (CHD), but several clinical trials have reported no benefit from vitamin E supplementation on CHD. We hypothesized that supplemental intake of vitamin E from an early age may prevent or retard the development and progression of atherosclerosis and CHD mortality. Methods: To test this hypothesis, 300 Ldlr(-/-) mice were divided into groups receiving Western style high fat/cholesterol (HFHC), moderate fat/cholesterol (MFMC), or low fat/cholesterol (LFLC) diets all containing 50 IU of vitamin E. These dietary groups were further subdivided into four sub-groups (n = 25) receiving their respective diets with no vitamin E supplementation or additionally supplemented with vitamin E (500 IU/kg diet) starting at the early age of 5 wks, or 6 mo, or 12 mo. All mice remained on their assigned diets until age 18 mo. Body weight, health status and survival rate of mice were monitored and recorded. After 18 mo of dietary treatments, mice were sacrificed. Results: Body weight was the highest in HFHC groups and the lowest in LFLC groups. Plasma concentration of cholesterol and triglycerides was high in all dietary groups, and plasma vitamin E was high in vitamin E supplemented groups. Fifty percent of mice fed Western style HFHC diet and 53% of mice fed MFMC diet survived during the 18 mo, whereas 75% of mice fed LFLC diet survived during the 18 mo dietary treatments. At the age of 18 mo, all the Ldlr(-/-) mice, regardless of dietary treatments, had several advanced atherosclerotic lesions in both aortic root and aortic tree. Within the LFLC groups, those that received vitamin E supplements from age 5 wks up to 18 mo had a significantly higher survival rate of 88% (p = 0.04) and lower mortality (12%) compared to mice that did not receive vitamin E supplements (64%). This lower mortality rate and higher survival rate coincided with significantly (p = 0.03) fewer aortic lesions in the vitamin E supplemented LFLC group (50%) compared to LFLC mice that did not receive vitamin E supplements in their diets (65%). Subjective immunohistochemical evaluation of aortic valves showed that LFLC mice that received vitamin E supplements for 18 mo had less intima media thickness compared to LFLC mice that did not receive vitamin E supplements in their diet. The LFLC mice that were supplemented with vitamin E for 18 mo had the lowest mRNA expression of inflammatory markers such as VCAM-1, MCP-1 and CD36 in samples obtained from lesion and non-lesionareas. Conclusion: In conclusion, 500 mg vitamin E/kg diet in Ldlr(-/-) mice is not effective at reducing mortality and atherosclerosis when the diet contained high or medium levels of fat and cholesterol. However, a relatively low dose and long-term vitamin E supplementation started from an early age is effective in reducing mortality and atherosclerotic lesions in genetically prone Ldlr(-/-) mice fed LFLC diet. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Meydani, Mohsen; Kwan, Paul; Band, Michael; Knight, Ashley; Guo, Weimin; Goutis, Jason; Ordovas, Jose] Tufts Univ, JM USDA HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Meydani, M (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Vasc Biol Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM mohsen.meydani@tufts.edu FU NIH [1R01HL069897-01A1]; Agricultural Research Services of United States Department of Agriculture [58-1950-0-014] FX Supported by NIH grant 1R01HL069897-01A1 and Agricultural Research Services of United States Department of Agriculture, under agreement # 58-1950-0-014. NR 67 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0021-9150 EI 1879-1484 J9 ATHEROSCLEROSIS JI Atherosclerosis PD MAR PY 2014 VL 233 IS 1 BP 196 EP 205 DI 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2013.12.006 PG 10 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA AB1OZ UT WOS:000331563400033 PM 24529144 ER PT J AU Mangili, OC Gagliardi, ACM Mangili, LC Mesquita, CH Cesar, LAM Tanaka, A Schaefer, EJ Maranhao, RC Santos, RD AF Mangili, Otavio Celeste Moron Gagliardi, Ana C. Mangili, Leonardo Celeste Mesquita, Carlos H. Machado Cesar, Luiz A. Tanaka, Akira Schaefer, Ernst J. Maranhao, Raul C. Santos, Raul D. TI Favorable effects of ezetimibe alone or in association with simvastatin on the removal from plasma of chylomicrons in coronary heart disease subjects SO ATHEROSCLEROSIS LA English DT Article DE Simvastatin; Ezetimibe; Chylomicrons; Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins; Emulsions; ApoB-48 ID INTESTINAL CHOLESTEROL ABSORPTION; ARTERY-DISEASE; LDL RECEPTOR; IN-VIVO; PRIMARY HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; LIPOPROTEIN METABOLISM; REMNANT METABOLISM; MEN; EMULSIONS; ATORVASTATIN AB Objective: Reductions on the clearance from plasma of chylomicrons are associated with atherosclerosis. Statins improve the removal from plasma of chylomicrons in a dose dependent manner. There is controversy whether ezetimibe modifies the plasma clearance of chylomicrons. Effects of ezetimibe alone or in combination with simvastatin were compared with low and high dose of the latter, upon the kinetics of a chylomicron-like emulsion in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients. Methods: 25 CHD patients were randomized for treatment with ezetimibe 10 mg (group 1) or simvastatin 20 mg (group 2) with progression to ezetimibe + simvastatin 10/20 mg or simvastatin 80 mg, respectively. Kinetic studies were performed at baseline and after each treatment period of 6 weeks. The fractional catabolic rates (FCR) of the emulsion labeled with C-14-CE and H-3-TG, that represent respectively chylomicron remnant and triglyceride removal, were calculated. Comparisons were made by ANOVA. Results: The (CE)-C-14-FCR in group 1 were 0.005 +/- 0.004, 0.011 +/- 0.008 and 0.018 +/- 0.005 min(-1) and in group 2 were 0.004 +/- 0.003, 0.011 +/- 0.008 and 0.019 +/- 0.007 min(-1) respectively at baseline, after 6 and 12 weeks (p < 0.05 vs. baseline, and 6 vs. 12 weeks). The H-3-TG-FCR in group 1 were 0.017 +/- 0.011, 0.024 +/- 0.011 and 0.042 +/- 0.013 min(-1) and in group 2 were 0.016 +/- 0.009, 0.022 +/- 0.009 and 0.037 +/- 0.012 min(-1) at baseline, after 6 and 12 weeks (p < 0.05 vs. baseline, and 6 vs. 12 weeks). There were no differences between groups in time. Conclusion: Both treatments increased similarly the removal from plasma of chylomicron and remnants in CHD patients. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Mangili, Otavio Celeste; Moron Gagliardi, Ana C.; Mangili, Leonardo Celeste; Machado Cesar, Luiz A.; Maranhao, Raul C.; Santos, Raul D.] Univ Sao Paulo, Med Sch Hosp, Heart Inst InCor, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Mesquita, Carlos H.] IPEN, Inst Pesquisas Energet & Nucl, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Tanaka, Akira] Kagawa Nutr Univ, Tokyo, Japan. [Schaefer, Ernst J.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Lipid Metab Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Schaefer, Ernst J.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Santos, RD (reprint author), Unidade Clin Lipides InCor HCFMUSP, Av Dr Eneas C Aguiar 44 Segundo Andar Sala 4, BR-05403900 Sao Paulo, Brazil. EM raul.santos@incor.usp.br RI Santos, Raul/A-1170-2010; MACHADO CESAR, LUIZ ANTONIO/N-7296-2014 OI Santos, Raul/0000-0002-9860-6582; FU Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (Sao Paulo state foundation for research) [408048-3] FX This study was funded by the Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (Sao Paulo state foundation for research) project number 408048-3, named "The output of free cholesterol from lipoproteins and deposition of this cholesterol in arterial wall, a new mechanism of atherogenesis". NR 40 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0021-9150 EI 1879-1484 J9 ATHEROSCLEROSIS JI Atherosclerosis PD MAR PY 2014 VL 233 IS 1 BP 319 EP 325 DI 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2013.12.008 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA AB1OZ UT WOS:000331563400052 PM 24503114 ER PT J AU Antony, F Schimleck, LR Jordan, L Hornsby, B Dahlen, J Daniels, RF Clark, A Apiolaza, LA Huber, D AF Antony, Finto Schimleck, Laurence R. Jordan, Lewis Hornsby, Benjamin Dahlen, Joseph Daniels, Richard F. Clark, Alexander, III Apiolaza, Luis A. Huber, Dudley TI Growth and wood properties of genetically improved loblolly pine: propagation type comparison and genetic parameters SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID JUVENILE MATURE RELATIONSHIPS; SOUTHERN UNITED-STATES; NEW-ZEALAND; PLANTATION SILVICULTURE; CLONAL TRIALS; RADIATA PINE; PICEA-ABIES; DENSITY; TRAITS; TAEDA AB The use of clonal varieties in forestry offers great potential to improve growth traits (quantity) and wood properties (quality) of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.). Loblolly pine trees established via somatic embryogenesis (clones), full-sib zygotic crosses, and half-sib zygotic open-pollinated families were sampled to identify variation in growth and wood properties among and within clonal lines and zygotic controls. Increment cores 5 mm in diameter were collected at age 4 from a total of 2615 trees. Growth properties (diameter at 1.4 m and total tree height) and wood properties (whole-core density, latewood and earlywood density, and latewood percent) were measured for each tree sampled in the study. Overall, growth properties were better for full-sib seedling than for clonal lines, whereas wood density was higher for clonal lines than full-sib and open-pollinated seedlings. However, there were clonal lines with better growth and higher wood density. Clonal repeatability of both growth and wood properties across sampled sites and genetic correlations between growth and wood traits were determined, with higher repeatability observed for wood traits compared with growth traits. Significant genetic correlations were observed for tree height and wood properties, whereas weak correlations were observed for diameter and wood properties. C1 [Antony, Finto; Dahlen, Joseph; Daniels, Richard F.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Schimleck, Laurence R.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Wood Sci & Engn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Jordan, Lewis] Weyerhaeuser Co, Southern Timberlands R&D, Columbus, MS 39704 USA. [Hornsby, Benjamin; Clark, Alexander, III] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Apiolaza, Luis A.] Univ Canterbury, Sch Forestry, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. [Huber, Dudley] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32605 USA. RP Antony, F (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM fintoa@warnell.uga.edu OI Apiolaza, Luis/0000-0003-0958-3540 FU Wood Quality Consortium, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA FX The Wood Quality Consortium, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA, funded this project. The USDA Forest Service, Athens, Georgia, USA, provided valuable support in conducting this study. The Plum Creek Timber Co. Inc. provided background information and access to the clonal study. Also, the authors would like to thank Michael Cunningham and Patrick Cumbie from ArborGen for their valuable comments. NR 51 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 20 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 EI 1208-6037 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 44 IS 3 BP 263 EP 272 DI 10.1139/cjfr-2013-0163 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AB6KS UT WOS:000331897800009 ER PT J AU Filipescu, CN Lowell, EC Koppenaal, R Mitchell, A AF Filipescu, Cosmin N. Lowell, Eini C. Koppenaal, Ross Mitchell, Al K. TI Modeling regional and climatic variation of wood density and ring width in intensively managed Douglas-fir SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article DE Douglas-fir; specific gravity; annual ring width; thinning; wood quality ID PLANTED LOBLOLLY-PINE; ENVIRONMENTAL-FACTORS; HISTORICAL DECREASE; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; STAND-DENSITY; UNITED-STATES; BLACK SPRUCE; TREE-RINGS; GROWTH; GRAVITY AB Characteristics of annual rings are reliable indicators of growth and wood quality in trees. The main objective of our study was to model the variation in annual ring attributes due to intensive silviculture and inherent regional differences in climate and site across a wide geographic range of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco). Ring specific gravity and ring width of Douglas-fir were examined at five long-term Levels-Of-Growing-Stock (LOGS) installations, three in the US and two in Canada, covering a latitudinal gradient between 43 degrees N and 50 degrees N. At each location, increment cores were collected from replicated plots with three levels of stocking: control (unthinned), lightly thinned (70% basal area retention), and heavily thinned (30% basal area retention). X-ray densitometry analysis provided ring specific gravity and width profiles for 5676 rings from 134 trees. The reduction of stand density through repeated entries resulted in decreased ring specific gravity and increased ring width. A four-parameter mixed-effects logistic model was used to predict ring specific gravity using cambial age, stand density (as number of stems per hectare), and two climatic variables: average temperature from March to May and total precipitation from April to August. A three-parameter mixed-effects logistic model was used to predict ring width using cambial age, stand density (as stand density index), and total climatic moisture deficit of June and July. Both models indicated significant site differences that were included in the models through indicator variables. Ring specific gravity increased slightly with increasing average temperature from March to May and decreasing total precipitation from April to August. Predictions of ring specific gravity of Douglas-fir appear to be more sensitive to changes in temperature compared with changes in precipitation. C1 [Filipescu, Cosmin N.; Koppenaal, Ross; Mitchell, Al K.] Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, Canadian Wood Fibre Ctr, Victoria, BC V8Z 1M5, Canada. [Lowell, Eini C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland, OR 97204 USA. RP Filipescu, CN (reprint author), Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, Canadian Wood Fibre Ctr, 506 W Burnside Rd, Victoria, BC V8Z 1M5, Canada. EM Cosmin.Filipescu@NRCan.gc.ca FU USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station; Canadian Forest Service, Canadian Wood Fibre Centre FX The authors express their appreciation to numerous people who made this study possible: David Marshall, Doug Maguire, and Robert Deal for providing historical information and recent measurements data for the US LOGS sites; Graeme Goodmanson, Tom Bown, Bob Gonyea, and Bert Hasselberg for assistance with the collection of field data; David Auty for advice on R coding; Isabella Ghement for statistical advice; and Francesco Cortini for comments on an earlier draft. Comments from the editors and three anonymous reviewers improved the manuscript. The USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station conducted the X-ray densitometry. Funding was provided by the USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station and the Canadian Forest Service, Canadian Wood Fibre Centre. NR 63 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 32 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 EI 1208-6037 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 44 IS 3 BP 220 EP 229 DI 10.1139/cjfr-2013-0275 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AB6KS UT WOS:000331897800005 ER PT J AU Goncalves, FP Stuchi, ES Lourenco, SA Kriss, AB Gottwald, TR Amorim, L AF Goncalves, Fabricio Packer Stuchi, Eduardo Sanches Lourenco, Silvia Afonseca Kriss, Alissa B. Gottwald, Tim R. Amorim, Lilian TI The effect of irrigation on development of citrus variegated chlorosis symptoms SO CROP PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Citrus sinensis; Xylella fastidiosa; Hydric stress; Polyetic progress curve ID SWEET ORANGE PLANTS; XYLELLA-FASTIDIOSA; PIERCES-DISEASE; WATER-STRESS; VITIS-VINIFERA; LEAF; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; INFECTION; DEFICITS; GROWTH AB The incidence and severity of citrus variegated chlorosis (CVC) caused by Xylella fastidiosa are higher in the northern region of Sao Paulo, Brazil than in the southern region. This phenomenon is partly due to differences in the climate, especially rainfall, as the northern region tends to be drier than the southern region. The progress of CVC under three levels of irrigation was assessed in a grove located in the northern region of Sao Paulo. Trees (10-year-old Natal sweet orange) were arranged in a randomized complete block in a 3 x 2 factorial scheme with three levels of irrigation and two methods of infection with X.fastidiosa. The disease incidence in branches and the number of symptomatic fruits per tree were evaluated for three years. A monomolecular model was used to describe the progress of CVC incidence for all treatments. Irrigation reduced CVC symptoms in trees, especially the number of symptomatic fruits per tree. Based on this significant reduction, citrus irrigation can be used to reduce the main negative effect of CVC: reduced fruit size. Our results also explain the higher incidence of CVC in the northern region of Sao Paulo, where a dry season occurs. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Goncalves, Fabricio Packer; Lourenco, Silvia Afonseca; Amorim, Lilian] Univ Sao Paulo, Escola Super Agr Luiz de Queiroz, BR-13418900 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. [Stuchi, Eduardo Sanches] Embrapa Mandioca & Fruticultura Trop, Estacao Expt Citricultura Bebedouro, Bebedouro, SP, Brazil. [Kriss, Alissa B.; Gottwald, Tim R.] ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Goncalves, FP (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Escola Super Agr Luiz de Queiroz, BR-13418900 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. EM fabricio@iapar.br RI Amorim, Lilian /C-2782-2012 OI Amorim, Lilian /0000-0001-9793-0850 FU Brazilian Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq); CNPq FX We would like to thank The Brazilian Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) for financial support during the course of this research. This work is part of the PhD thesis of Fabricio Packer Goncalves, who received a fellowship from CNPq. NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-2194 EI 1873-6904 J9 CROP PROT JI Crop Prot. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 57 BP 8 EP 14 DI 10.1016/j.cropro.2013.11.016 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AB3GS UT WOS:000331679900002 ER PT J AU Chambers, JC Bradley, BA Brown, CS D'Antonio, C Germino, MJ Grace, JB Hardegree, SP Miller, RF Pyke, DA AF Chambers, Jeanne C. Bradley, Bethany A. Brown, Cynthia S. D'Antonio, Carla Germino, Matthew J. Grace, James B. Hardegree, Stuart P. Miller, Richard F. Pyke, David A. TI Resilience to Stress and Disturbance, and Resistance to Bromus tectorum L. Invasion in Cold Desert Shrublands of Western North America SO ECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE environmental gradients; ecosystem productivity; plant traits; altered fire regimes; cheatgrass; fundamental and realized niche; management strategies; state and transition models ID GREAT-BASIN; SAGEBRUSH STEPPE; NITROGEN DEPOSITION; TRANSITION MODELS; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; CLIMATE-CHANGE; UNITED-STATES; FIRE; VEGETATION; WILDFIRE AB Alien grass invasions in arid and semi-arid ecosystems are resulting in grass-fire cycles and ecosystem-level transformations that severely diminish ecosystem services. Our capacity to address the rapid and complex changes occurring in these ecosystems can be enhanced by developing an understanding of the environmental factors and ecosystem attributes that determine resilience of native ecosystems to stress and disturbance, and resistance to invasion. Cold desert shrublands occur over strong environmental gradients and exhibit significant differences in resilience and resistance. They provide an excellent opportunity to increase our understanding of these concepts. Herein, we examine a series of linked questions about (a) ecosystem attributes that determine resilience and resistance along environmental gradients, (b) effects of disturbances like livestock grazing and altered fire regimes and of stressors like rapid climate change, rising CO2, and N deposition on resilience and resistance, and (c) interacting effects of resilience and resistance on ecosystems with different environmental conditions. We conclude by providing strategies for the use of resilience and resistance concepts in a management context. At ecological site scales, state and transition models are used to illustrate how differences in resilience and resistance influence potential alternative vegetation states, transitions among states, and thresholds. At landscape scales management strategies based on resilience and resistance-protection, prevention, restoration, and monitoring and adaptive management-are used to determine priority management areas and appropriate actions. C1 [Chambers, Jeanne C.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Reno, NV 89512 USA. [Bradley, Bethany A.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Nat Resources Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Brown, Cynthia S.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [D'Antonio, Carla] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Ecol Evolut & Marine Biol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Germino, Matthew J.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Boise, ID 83706 USA. [Grace, James B.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA. [Hardegree, Stuart P.] ARS, USDA, Northwest Res Ctr, Boise, ID 83712 USA. [Miller, Richard F.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Range Ecol & Management, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Pyke, David A.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Chambers, JC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Reno, NV 89512 USA. EM jchambers@fs.fed.us RI Bradley, Bethany/B-1964-2008 OI Bradley, Bethany/0000-0003-4912-4971 NR 84 TC 61 Z9 62 U1 11 U2 147 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1432-9840 EI 1435-0629 J9 ECOSYSTEMS JI Ecosystems PD MAR PY 2014 VL 17 IS 2 BP 360 EP 375 DI 10.1007/s10021-013-9725-5 PG 16 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AB7WK UT WOS:000332001500012 ER PT J AU Hulet, A Roundy, B Petersen, S Jensen, R Bunting, S AF Hulet, April Roundy, Bruce A. Petersen, Steven L. Jensen, Ryan R. Bunting, Stephen C. TI An Object-Based Image Analysis of Pinyon and Juniper Woodlands Treated to Reduce Fuels SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE eCognition; Object-based image analysis; Prescribed burn; Mastication; Pinyon-juniper woodlands; Restoration ID FIRE; COVER; CLASSIFICATION; VEGETATION; RANGELAND; TREES; GIS; INFORMATION; SUCCESSION; MANAGEMENT AB Mechanical and prescribed fire treatments are commonly used to reduce fuel loads and maintain or restore sagebrush steppe rangelands across the Great Basin where pinyon (Pinus) and juniper (Juniperus) trees are encroaching and infilling. Geospatial technologies, particularly remote sensing, could potentially be used in these ecosystems to (1) evaluate the longevity of fuel reduction treatments, (2) provide data for planning and designing future fuel-reduction treatments, and (3) assess the spatial distribution of horizontal fuel structure following fuel-reduction treatments. High-spatial resolution color-infrared imagery (0.06-m pixels) was acquired for pinyon and juniper woodland plots where fuels were reduced by either prescribed fire, tree cutting, or mastication at five sites in Oregon, California, Nevada, and Utah. Imagery was taken with a Vexcel UltraCam X digital camera in June 2009. Within each treatment plot, ground cover was measured as part of the Sagebrush Steppe Treatment Evaluation Project. Trimble eCognition Developer was used to classify land cover classes using object-based image analysis (OBIA) techniques. Differences between cover estimates using OBIA and ground-measurements were not consistently higher or lower for any land cover class and when evaluated for individual sites, were within +/- 5 % of each other. The overall accuracy and the K (hat) statistic for classified thematic maps for each treatment were: prescribed burn 85 % and 0.81; cut and fell 82 % and 0.77, and mastication 84 % and 0.80. Although cover assessments from OBIA differed somewhat from ground measurements, they are sufficiently accurate to evaluate treatment success and for supporting a broad range of management concerns. C1 [Hulet, April] ARS, USDA, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR 97720 USA. [Roundy, Bruce A.; Petersen, Steven L.] Brigham Young Univ, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Jensen, Ryan R.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Geog, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Bunting, Stephen C.] Univ Idaho, Dept Rangeland Ecol & Management, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. RP Hulet, A (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, 67826-A Hwy 205, Burns, OR 97720 USA. EM april.hulet@oregonstate.edu FU U.S. Joint Fire Science Program; Bureau of Land Management; National Interagency Fire Center FX This is Contribution Number 74 of the Sagebrush Steppe Treatment Evaluation Project (SageSTEP), funded by the U.S. Joint Fire Science Program, the Bureau of Land Management, and the National Interagency Fire Center. We thank the SageSTEP research team, particularly James McIver and the sagebrush-woodland principle investigators Richard Miller, Robin Tausch, and Jeanne Chambers, as well as the woodland site managers, Jaime Ratchford, Neil Frakes, Travis Miller and Brad Jessop for substantial field support and advice. We appreciate the thoughtful reviews by the anonymous reviewers and Editorial Board member. NR 44 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 30 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-152X EI 1432-1009 J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 53 IS 3 BP 660 EP 671 DI 10.1007/s00267-013-0227-1 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AB7FX UT WOS:000331956000014 PM 24402578 ER PT J AU Golden, HE Lane, CR Amatya, DM Bandilla, KW Kiperwas, HR Knightes, CD Ssegane, H AF Golden, Heather E. Lane, Charles R. Amatya, Devendra M. Bandilla, Karl W. Kiperwas, Hadas Raanan Knightes, Christopher D. Ssegane, Herbert TI Hydrologic connectivity between geographically isolated wetlands and surface water systems: A review of select modeling methods SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE LA English DT Review DE Geographically isolated wetlands; Hydrologic connectivity; Watershed approach; Surface waters; Mechanistic models ID GROUNDWATER-FLOW MODEL; LOWLAND WET GRASSLAND; SENEGAL RIVER-BASIN; ANALYTIC ELEMENT; SOUTH-CAROLINA; COASTAL-PLAIN; CLIMATE-CHANGE; LAND-USE; BIOGEOCHEMICAL PROCESSES; DEPRESSIONAL WETLANDS AB Geographically isolated wetlands (GIW), depressional landscape features entirely surrounded by upland areas, provide a wide range of ecological functions and ecosystem services for human well-being. Current and future ecosystem management and decision-making rely on a solid scientific understanding of how hydrologic processes affect these important GIW services and functions, and in turn on how GIWs affect downstream surface water systems. Consequently, quantifying the hydrologic connectivity of GIWs to other surface water systems (including streams, rivers, lakes, and other navigable waters) and the processes governing hydrologic connectivity of GIWs at a variety of watershed scales has become an important topic for the scientific and decision-making communities. We review examples of potential mechanistic modeling tools that could be applied to further advance scientific understanding concerning: (1) The extent to which hydrologic connections between GIWs and other surface waters exist, and (2) How these connections affect downstream hydrology at the scale of watersheds. Different modeling approaches involve a variety of domain and process conceptualizations, and numerical approximations for GIW-related questions. We describe select models that require only limited modifications to model the interaction of GIWs and other surface waters. We suggest that coupled surface subsurface approaches exhibit the most promise for characterizing GIW connectivity under a variety of flow conditions, though we note their complexity and the high level of modeling expertise required to produce reasonable results. We also highlight empirical techniques that will inform mechanistic models that estimate hydrologic connectivity of GIWs for research, policy, and management purposes. Developments in the related disciplines of remote sensing, hillslope and wetland hydrology, empirical modeling, and tracer studies will assist in advancing current mechanistic modeling approaches to most accurately elucidate connectivity of GIWs to other surface waters and the effects of GIWs on downstream systems at the watershed scale. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Golden, Heather E.; Lane, Charles R.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Amatya, Devendra M.; Ssegane, Herbert] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Cordesville, SC USA. [Bandilla, Karl W.] Princeton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Kiperwas, Hadas Raanan] US EPA, Off Wetlands Oceans & Watersheds, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Knightes, Christopher D.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA USA. RP Golden, HE (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecol Exposure Res Div, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr,MS 585, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM golden.heather@epa.gov RI Ssegane, Herbert/K-8098-2014 NR 175 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 12 U2 119 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1364-8152 EI 1873-6726 J9 ENVIRON MODELL SOFTW JI Environ. Modell. Softw. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 53 BP 190 EP 206 DI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2013.12.004 PG 17 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AB3KA UT WOS:000331688500017 ER PT J AU Piao, C Cai, ZY Stark, NM Monlezun, CJ AF Piao, Cheng Cai, Zhiyong Stark, Nicole M. Monlezun, Charles J. TI Dimensional stability of wood-plastic composites reinforced with potassium methyl siliconate modified fiber and sawdust made from beetle-killed trees SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS LA English DT Article ID POLYPROPYLENE COMPOSITES AB Wood from two varieties of beetle-killed trees was used to fabricate wood-plastic composites. Loblolly pine and lodgepole pine beetle-killed trees were defibrated mechanically and thermomechanically, respectively, into fiber. Fiber and sawdust produced from the trees were modified with potassium methyl siliconate (PMS) and injection-molded into fiber/sawdust reinforced plastic composites. Modification of fiber and sawdust with PMS improved the compatibility between lignocellulosic materials and ethylene plastic in the composites, resulting in decreased water sorption, increased dimensional stability, and increased tolerance to morphological variations in the fiber and sawdust. Fiber-to-sawdust ratio and size of sawdust particles affected the time required for saturation with water, as well as dimensional stability. C1 [Piao, Cheng] Louisiana State Univ, Calhoun Res Stn, Ctr Agr, Calhoun, LA 71225 USA. [Cai, Zhiyong; Stark, Nicole M.] US Forest Serv, Engineered Composites Sci Grp, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Monlezun, Charles J.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Expt Stat, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Piao, C (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Calhoun Res Stn, Ctr Agr, Calhoun, LA 71225 USA. EM cpiao@agcenter.lsu.edu; zcai@fs.fed.us NR 22 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0018-3768 EI 1436-736X J9 EUR J WOOD WOOD PROD JI Eur. J. Wood Wood Prod. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 72 IS 2 BP 165 EP 176 DI 10.1007/s00107-013-0736-x PG 12 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA AB7GQ UT WOS:000331958000004 ER PT J AU Joyce, AL White, WH Medina, RF AF Joyce, Andrea L. White, William H. Medina, Raul F. TI Host plants impact courtship vibration transmission and mating success of a parasitoid wasp, Cotesia flavipes (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) SO EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Reproductive isolation; Selection; Host shift; Host associated differentiation; Sensory drive; Ecological speciation ID EUROSTA-SOLIDAGINIS; SYMPATRIC SPECIATION; PHYTOPHAGOUS INSECTS; SIGNAL DIVERGENCE; FEEDING INSECTS; RACE FORMATION; BEHAVIOR; COMMUNICATION; POPULATIONS; SUBSTRATE AB Host plants provide food, shelter, and mating habitats for herbivorous and parasitoid insects. Yet each plant species is a microhabitat with distinct chemical and physical attributes that may drive selection and diversification of insects. This study examines differences in courtship vibration signal transmission through leaves of three host plant species that vary in physical characteristics (leaf tissue density, leaf width and percent moisture) and how signal transmission relates to mating success for a parasitoid wasp. The vibration signals transmit with a longer duration and a higher relative amplitude in the host plant leaves of the species with the lowest leaf tissue density, which was also the plant type with the highest mating frequency. Host plants may be a selective force on courtship vibration signals and may contribute to the behavioral or genetic divergence of populations on different host plant species. C1 [Joyce, Andrea L.] Univ Calif Merced, Sierra Nevada Res Inst SNRI, Merced, CA 95343 USA. [White, William H.] ARS, USDA, Sugarcane Res Unit, Houma, LA 70360 USA. [Medina, Raul F.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Entomol, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Joyce, AL (reprint author), Univ Calif Merced, Sierra Nevada Res Inst SNRI, 5200 N Lake Rd, Merced, CA 95343 USA. EM ajoyce2@ucmerced.edu FU Texas A&M Department of Entomology FX We thank Texas A&M Department of Entomology for funds to support this project. Several undergraduate entomology students assisted with this project. Lakeisha Shaw, Angela Steinhauer, and Rachel Laca cared for the plants and insect colonies, and assisted with observations of mating behavior. All experiments comply with the current laws of the country in which they were performed. NR 60 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 43 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0269-7653 EI 1573-8477 J9 EVOL ECOL JI Evol. Ecol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 28 IS 2 BP 361 EP 372 DI 10.1007/s10682-013-9682-7 PG 12 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA AB3SX UT WOS:000331711600009 ER PT J AU Cooper, J Diesburg, S Babej, A Noon, M Kahn, E Puettmann, M Colt, J AF Cooper, Joyce Diesburg, Steven Babej, Alaric Noon, Michael Kahn, Ezra Puettmann, Maureen Colt, John TI Life Cycle Assessment of products from Alaskan salmon processing wastes: Implications of coproduction, intermittent landings, and storage time SO FISHERIES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Life Cycle Assessment; Salmon processing wastes; Byproducts; Ensilage ID ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS; ANTHROPOGENIC CO2; WATER; FISHERIES; GELATINS; SYSTEM AB This research examines the gate-to-grave life cycle of salmon processing wastes (offal) management options in Sitka, Alaska using Life Cycle Assessment. The bases for comparison are the management of 1 kg of offal and the management of similar to 33,000 metric tons of offal generated intermittently throughout the 2010 fishing season in Southeast Alaska. Management options are (a) grind and discharge disposal, (b) two types of fresh processing, and (c) stabilized/ensiled offal processing. It is found that the contributions to eutrophication, acidification, and climate change are consistently reduced by assuming product displacements of meal, oil, and gelatin coproducts as compared to grind and discharge disposal. Further, increasing the allowable storage time by stabilizing the offal feedstock provides additional benefit by reducing the amount of offal ground and discharged. (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Cooper, Joyce; Diesburg, Steven; Babej, Alaric; Noon, Michael] Univ Washington, Design Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Kahn, Ezra] USDA, Natl Agr Lib, Agr Res Serv, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Puettmann, Maureen] WoodLife Environm Consultants LLC, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Colt, John] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA. RP Cooper, J (reprint author), Univ Washington, Design Environm Lab, Box 353600, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM cooperjs@u.washington.edu; ezra.kahn@ars.usda.gov; maureen.puettmann@woodlifeconsulting.com; john.colt@noaa.gov NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-7836 EI 1872-6763 J9 FISH RES JI Fish Res. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 151 BP 26 EP 38 DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2013.11.015 PG 13 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA AB3GB UT WOS:000331678200004 ER PT J AU Hurteau, MD Robards, TA Stevens, D Saah, D North, M Koch, GW AF Hurteau, Matthew D. Robards, Timothy A. Stevens, Donald Saah, David North, Malcolm Koch, George W. TI Modeling climate and fuel reduction impacts on mixed-conifer forest carbon stocks in the Sierra Nevada, California SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Growth-and-yield; Mitigation; Thinning; Wildfire; Adaptation ID PONDEROSA PINE; RESTORATION TREATMENTS; TREE MORTALITY; VEGETATION DISTRIBUTION; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; CHANGE SCENARIOS; STAND DENSITY; FIRE SEVERITY; WESTERN US; DYNAMICS AB Quantifying the impacts of changing climatic conditions on forest growth is integral to estimating future forest carbon balance. We used a growth-and-yield model, modified for climate sensitivity, to quantify the effects of altered climate on mixed-conifer forest growth in the Lake Tahoe Basin, California. Estimates of forest growth and live tree carbon stocks were made for low and high emission scenarios using four downscaled general circulation model (GCM) projections. The climate scenarios were coupled with a range of commonly-used fuels reduction treatments to quantify the combined effects of these factors on live tree carbon stocks. We compared mid- (2020-2049) and late-21st (2070-2099) century carbon stock estimates with a baseline period of 1970-1999 using common input data across time periods. Recursive partitioning analysis indicates that GCM, forest composition, and simulation period most influence live tree carbon stock changes. Comparison with the late 20th century baseline period shows mixed carbon stock responses across scenarios. Growth varied by species, often with compensatory responses among dominant species that limited changes in total live tree carbon. The influence of wildfire mitigation treatments was relatively consistent with each GCM by emission scenario combination. Treatments that included prescribed fire had greater live tree carbon gains relative to baseline under the scenarios that had overall live tree carbon gains. However, across GCMs the influence of treatments varied considerably among GCM projections, indicating that further refinement of regional climate projections will be required to improve model estimates of fuel manipulations on forest carbon stocks. Additionally, had out simulations included the effects of projected climate changes on increasing wildfire probability, the effects of management treatments on carbon stocks may have been more pronounced because of the influence of treatment on fire severity. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Hurteau, Matthew D.] Penn State Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Robards, Timothy A.; Saah, David] Spatial Informat Grp LLC, Pleasanton, CA 94588 USA. [Stevens, Donald; Koch, George W.] No Arizona Univ, Merriam Powell Ctr Environm Res, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Saah, David] Univ San Francisco, Dept Environm Sci, San Francisco, CA 94117 USA. [North, Malcolm] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Davis, CA 95618 USA. [Koch, George W.] No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. RP Hurteau, MD (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, 306 Forest Resources Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM matthew.hurteau@psu.edu RI Hurteau, Matthew/D-2301-2009 OI Hurteau, Matthew/0000-0001-8457-8974 FU US Department of Agriculture Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station [08-CA-11272170-102]; Bureau of Land Management FX This research was supported by Cooperative Agreement 08-CA-11272170-102 with the US Department of Agriculture Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station, using funds provided by the Bureau of Land Management through the sale of public lands authorized by the Southern Nevada Public Land Management Act. We thank Sarah Robards-Sheaks, Research Assistant with Spatial Informatics Group, LLC, for providing technical support for the simulations. We also thank Jeff Hicke and two anonymous reviewers for providing constructive feedback on a previous version of this manuscript. NR 66 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 44 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 315 BP 30 EP 42 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.12.012 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AB8PB UT WOS:000332051400005 ER PT J AU Klutsch, JG Beam, RD Jacobi, WR Negron, JF AF Klutsch, Jennifer G. Beam, Russell D. Jacobi, William R. Negron, Jose F. TI Bark beetles and dwarf mistletoe interact to alter downed woody material, canopy structure, and stand characteristics in northern Colorado ponderosa pine SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Disturbance ecology; Endemic; Mountain pine beetle; Bark beetles; Dwarf mistletoe; Fuel ID WESTERN SPRUCE BUDWORM; MOUNTAIN PINE; LODGEPOLE PINE; FRONT RANGE; FIRE BEHAVIOR; DOMINATED FORESTS; BLACK-HILLS; INFESTATION; DISTURBANCE; EPIDEMIC AB Due to the recent outbreaks of bark beetles in western U.S.A., research has focused on the effects of tree mortality on forest conditions, such as fuel complexes and stand structure. However, most studies have addressed outbreak populations of bark beetles only and there is a lack of information on the effect of multiple endemic, low level populations of biotic disturbance agents that could influence forest dynamics, fuel heterogeneity, and species composition. Downed woody material, fuel parameters and stand characteristics were assessed in areas of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) infested with southwestern dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium vaginatum subsp. cryptopodum), and in areas with endemic populations of mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae) and Ips spp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) in northern Colorado. Both endemic bark beetles and dwarf mistletoe were associated with more dense stands than uninfested plots and resulted in reducing basal area of live trees. The amount of downed woody material was positively related to time since tree mortality and basal area of bark beetle-attacked trees. There was an increase of up to 10% for fine and coarse downed woody material for every increase of 1 m(2) ha(-1) basal area of mortality from mountain pine beetle that was 4-15 years after death. The average intensity of dwarf mistletoe infections on live trees was positively related to amount of 10-h downed woody material and negatively associated with percent live ponderosa pine crown. Fuel bed and canopy characteristics were dependent on the presence of both dwarf mistletoe and mountain pine beetle-caused mortality. Together these endemic biotic disturbances have an effect on downed woody material biomass accumulation, fuel arrangements, stand densities and species composition. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Klutsch, Jennifer G.; Beam, Russell D.; Jacobi, William R.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Klutsch, Jennifer G.; Beam, Russell D.; Negron, Jose F.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Klutsch, JG (reprint author), Univ Alberta, Dept Renewable Resources, 442 Earth Sci Bldg, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada. EM jklutsch@gmail.com OI Klutsch, Jennifer/0000-0001-8839-972X FU USDA Forest Service National Fire Plan Project Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. [01.RMRS.C4] FX This study was funded by the USDA Forest Service National Fire Plan Project 01.RMRS.C4, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. Colorado State University, Agricultural Experiment Station provided scientific and logistical support. The authors would like to thank Arapaho National Forest, Dave Hattis, and Mary Hattis for logistical and technical support. Thanks to Rudy King, Laurie Porth, Scott Baggett, and Robin Reich for statistical consultation. We thank two anonymous reviewers, Brian Geils, Jim Morrow, Monique Rocca, and Jenny Briggs for helpful comments and advice on this manuscript, which provided valuable input improving the manuscript. NR 62 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 37 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 315 BP 63 EP 71 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.12.024 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AB8PB UT WOS:000332051400008 ER PT J AU Domke, GM Woodall, CW Walters, BF McRoberts, RE Hatfield, MA AF Domke, Grant M. Woodall, Christopher W. Walters, Brian F. McRoberts, Ronald E. Hatfield, Mark A. TI Strategies to compensate for the effects of nonresponse on forest carbon baseline estimates from the national forest inventory of the United States SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Imputation; Missing data; Greenhouse gas reporting; Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) ID MULTIPLE IMPUTATION; US; PROPERTY AB Forest ecosystem carbon (C) stocks and stock change in the United States (US) have been documented using Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) procedures and guidance with 1990 as a baseline reference for all United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change reports. In the US, estimates of forest C stocks and stock change are obtained from data collected and maintained by the Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program of the US Forest Service. Over the course of the IPCC monitoring period, the FIA program made a transition from state-by-state multiyear periodic inventories selected on a rotating basis - with reporting standards largely tailored to regional requirements - to nationally consistent, annual inventories (where a proportion of plots is measured in each state each year) designed for large-scale strategic requirements. Lack of measurements on all forest land during the periodic inventories, along with plot access difficulties and misidentification of forest plots as nonforest due to poor aerial imagery, have resulted in missing data (i.e., nonresponse) throughout the FIA database. Nonresponse, which in some US states is greater than 20%, may lead to differences in estimates of forest C stock change due to the procedural transition from periodic to annual inventories. As an initial step towards rectifying the differences in estimates, we examined several strategies to compensate for missing observations using the most recent annual inventory data from the Lake States region of the US. Results varied by state in the study but given the annual reporting cycle and requirements to compile national estimates of forest C, it was deemed that techniques, where non-observed samples are removed from estimation procedures, provided the optimal combination of statistical performance and efficiency. While the initial analysis focused on the Lake States region, several compensation strategies described may be useful in bridging the gap between national C flux estimates from periodic and annual forest inventories. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Domke, Grant M.; Woodall, Christopher W.; Walters, Brian F.; McRoberts, Ronald E.; Hatfield, Mark A.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Domke, GM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, 1992 Folwell Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM gmdomke@fs.fed.us; cwoodall@fs.fed.us; bfwalters@fs.fed.us; rmcroberts@fs.fed.us; mahatfield@fs.fed.us OI Domke, Grant/0000-0003-0485-0355 NR 46 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 315 BP 112 EP 120 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.12.031 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AB8PB UT WOS:000332051400014 ER PT J AU Cho, SH Bowker, JM English, DBK Roberts, RK Kim, T AF Cho, Seong-Hoon Bowker, J. M. English, Donald B. K. Roberts, Roland K. Kim, Taeyoung TI Effects of travel cost and participation in recreational activities on national forest visits SO FOREST POLICY AND ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE National forest visits; Recreational activities; Travel cost; Consumer welfare ID COUNT DATA MODELS; ECONOMIC VALUE; EXCESS ZEROS; PARK; MANAGEMENT; TOURISM; UTILITY; CHOICE; TRIPS AB In the face of higher travel costs due to rising gasoline prices and scarce budget resources, we explored differences in the impacts of travel costs on recreational demand for visitors participating in various recreational activities. Five individual travel cost models were estimated, one for each of 5 national forests (i.e., Allegheny, Coconino, Mount Baker-Snoqualmie, Ouachita, and Wenatchee). Travel cost had a consistently negative effect on the number of visits (and thus caused losses in aggregate consumer surplus) across all recreational activities and national forests, although the magnitudes of the effects varied significantly. For example, decreased visit numbers (and thus the aggregate loss of consumer surplus) resulting from hypothetical increases in travel costs are greater for non-trail and backpacking-activity participants than for trail and backpacking-activity participants in the Allegheny national forest. This finding implies that increases in funds allocated towards improving non-trail and backpacking-based recreational activities may stem the loss of consumer surplus due to the decline in visits to the Allegheny national forest caused by the increase in travel cost more than similar increases in funds allocated to trail and backpacking-activities. These results are important because many national-forest managers are facing declining visits resulting from the effects of higher gasoline prices on travel costs. Thus, they can use our results in making decisions about allocating scarce budget resources to recreational activities that have the greatest potential to stem the decline in national-forest visits. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Cho, Seong-Hoon; Roberts, Roland K.; Kim, Taeyoung] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Bowker, J. M.; English, Donald B. K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Stn, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Cho, SH (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, 302 Morgan Hall,2621 Morgan Circle, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM scho9@utk.edu OI Kim, Taeyoung/0000-0003-1776-2717 NR 53 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1389-9341 EI 1872-7050 J9 FOREST POLICY ECON JI Forest Policy Econ. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 40 BP 21 EP 30 DI 10.1016/j.forpol.2013.12.004 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AB3IK UT WOS:000331684300003 ER PT J AU Richards, CM Reeves, PA Fenwick, AL Panella, L AF Richards, Christopher M. Reeves, Patrick A. Fenwick, Ann L. Panella, Lee TI Genetic structure and gene flow in Beta vulgaris subspecies maritima along the Atlantic coast of France SO GENETIC RESOURCES AND CROP EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Beta vulgaris; Biogeography; Crop wild relative; Gene flow; Genetic diversity; Genetic structure ID SSP MARITIMA; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; CULTIVATED BEETS; WILD; SEED; DIVERSITY; INFERENCE; CONSERVATION; MIGRATION; NUCLEAR AB Locating and quantifying genetic variation within crop wild relatives is an ongoing activity of gene banks tasked with ex situ conservation. Without detailed information about the population genetics of a species, geography often serves as a reasonable proxy for differentiation. With this in mind, this paper examines the genetic diversity and differentiation of Beta vulgaris subsp. maritima accessions collected along a well-studied latitudinal gradient along the French Atlantic coast of France as well as Corsica, for use as representative genotypes from the Mediterranean basin. The aim of this work is to identify the scale and magnitude of differentiation and diversity in this set of accessions, using both molecular and quantitative traits. We assessed clinal variation and admixture in genetic and morphometric data along this latitudinal gradient. Results from this study revealed a complex pattern of recent gene flow and immigration on a historical biogeographic structure. Our data suggest that a presumed latitudinal cline is in reality an admixed mosaic of genotypes. C1 [Richards, Christopher M.; Reeves, Patrick A.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Fenwick, Ann L.] Beet Sugar Dev Fdn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Panella, Lee] USDA ARS, Sugarbeet Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Richards, CM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, 1111 South Mason St, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM chris.richards@colostate.edu RI Richards, Christopher/A-8328-2013; OI Richards, Christopher/0000-0002-9978-6079; Reeves, Patrick/0000-0001-9991-1397 NR 56 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-9864 EI 1573-5109 J9 GENET RESOUR CROP EV JI Genet. Resour. Crop Evol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 61 IS 3 BP 651 EP 662 DI 10.1007/s10722-013-0066-1 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA AB7HA UT WOS:000331959200009 ER PT J AU Shellie, KC Bowen, P AF Shellie, Krista C. Bowen, Pat TI Isohydrodynamic behavior in deficit-irrigated Cabernet Sauvignon and Malbec and its relationship between yield and berry composition SO IRRIGATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID VITIS-VINIFERA L.; THOMPSON SEEDLESS GRAPEVINES; FIELD-GROWN GRAPEVINES; WATER-USE EFFICIENCY; SOIL-BASED MEASURES; LEAF GAS-EXCHANGE; DROUGHT STRESS; CROP LOAD; CULTIVARS; VINE AB Cabernet Sauvignon and Malbec grapevines were irrigated at 70 or 23 % of estimated crop evapotranspiration throughout berry development over four growing seasons. Stomatal behavior was characterized by relating predawn leaf water potential and mid-morning stomatal conductance to mid-morning leaf water potential. Seasonal average weekly midday leaf water potential was lower in Cabernet Sauvignon than Malbec despite similar irrigation amounts. Both cultivars exhibited anisohydric behavior with midday leaf water potential decreasing linearly with declining predawn leaf water potential (r (2) = 0.51) and stomatal conductance (r (2) = 0.42). However, both cultivars utilized hydrodynamic mechanisms to maintain a soil-to-leaf water potential gradient of -0.62 (+/- 0.03) MPa under standard irrigation and -0.75 (+/- 0.04) MPa under reduced irrigation. Berry fresh weight and titratable acidity decreased, and the concentration of total anthocyanins increased in both cultivars in response to decreases in midday leaf water potential. The slope of regression equations for seasonal mean midday leaf water potential was used to estimate cultivar-specific levels of water stress associated with changes in berry weight and berry composition at fruit maturity. C1 [Shellie, Krista C.] ARS, Hort Crops Res Unit, USDA, Parma, ID 83660 USA. [Bowen, Pat] Pacific Agri Food Res Ctr, Summerland, BC VOH 1Z0, Canada. RP Shellie, KC (reprint author), ARS, Hort Crops Res Unit, USDA, 29603 U 1 Lane, Parma, ID 83660 USA. EM Krista.Shellie@ars.usda.gov FU ARS [5358-21000-034-00D] FX This work was conducted under ARS Project No. 5358-21000-034-00D entitled "Production Systems to Promote Yield and Quality of Grapes in the Pacific Northwest.'' The authors thank Alan Muir, Monte Shields, and Cheryl Franklin-Miller for technical assistance and the University of Idaho Parma Research and Extension Center for the use of their field resources and materials. NR 38 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 24 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0342-7188 EI 1432-1319 J9 IRRIGATION SCI JI Irrig. Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 32 IS 2 BP 87 EP 97 DI 10.1007/s00271-013-0416-y PG 11 WC Agronomy; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Water Resources GA AB8CN UT WOS:000332017800001 ER PT J AU Lopez-Urrea, R Montoro, A Trout, TJ AF Lopez-Urrea, R. Montoro, A. Trout, T. J. TI Consumptive water use and crop coefficients of irrigated sunflower SO IRRIGATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID DEFICIT IRRIGATION; GRAIN-SORGHUM; GROWTH-STAGES; HIGH-PLAINS; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; YIELD; LYSIMETER; PRODUCTIVITY; EFFICIENCY; CLIMATE AB In semi-arid environments, the use of irrigation is necessary for sunflower production to reach its maximum potential. The aim of this study was to quantify the consumptive water use and crop coefficients of irrigated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) without soil water limitations during two growing seasons. The experimental work was conducted in the lysimeter facilities located in Albacete (Central Spain). A weighing lysimeter with an overall resolution of 250 g was used to measure the daily sunflower evapotranspiration throughout the growing season under sprinkler irrigation. The lysimeter container was 2.3 m x 2.7 m x 1.7 m deep, with an approximate total weight of 14.5 Mg. Daily ET (c) values were calculated as the difference between lysimeter mass losses and lysimeter mass gains divided by the lysimeter area. In the lysimeter, sprinkler irrigation was applied to replace cumulative ET (c), thus maintaining non-limiting soil water conditions. Seasonal lysimeter ET (c) was 619 mm in 2009 and 576 mm in 2011. The higher ET (c) value in 2009 was due to earlier planting and a longer growing season with the maximum cover coinciding with the maximum ET (o) period. For the two study years, maximum average K (c) values reached values of approximately 1.10 and 1.20, respectively, during mid-season stage and coincided with maximum ground cover values of 75 and 88 %, respectively. The dual crop coefficient approach was used to separate crop transpiration (K (cb)) from soil evaporation (K (e)). As the crop canopy expanded, K (cb) values increased while the K (e) values decreased. The seasonal evaporation component was estimated to be about 25 % of ET (c). Linear relationships were found between the lysimeter K (cb) and the canopy ground cover (f (c)) for the each season, and a single relationship that related K (cb) to growing degree-days was established allowing extrapolation of our results to other environments. C1 [Lopez-Urrea, R.; Montoro, A.] ITAP, Albacete 02005, Spain. [Lopez-Urrea, R.; Montoro, A.] FUNDESCAM, Albacete 02005, Spain. [Trout, T. J.] ARS, USDA, Water Management Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Lopez-Urrea, R (reprint author), ITAP, Avda Gregorio Arcos 19, Albacete 02005, Spain. EM rlu.itap@dipualba.es RI Lopez-Urrea, Ramon/K-6487-2014; Montoro, Amelia/N-4931-2014; OI Lopez-Urrea, Ramon/0000-0003-1910-5489; Trout, Thomas/0000-0003-1896-9170 FU Spanish Science and Innovation Ministry [AGL2009-13124]; Education and Science Council (JCCM, Spain) [PAI07-0058-5569, PPII10-0319-8732] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the helpful comments and suggestions from the anonymous reviewers. This work has been funded by the Spanish Science and Innovation Ministry (Project AGL2009-13124) and the Education and Science Council (JCCM, Spain) (Projects PAI07-0058-5569 and PPII10-0319-8732). The authors are particularly grateful to Laura Martinez, Angel Garcia and Miguel Gomez for their help during the field work and data collection phase. NR 43 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 27 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0342-7188 EI 1432-1319 J9 IRRIGATION SCI JI Irrig. Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 32 IS 2 BP 99 EP 109 DI 10.1007/s00271-013-0418-9 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Water Resources GA AB8CN UT WOS:000332017800002 ER PT J AU Clarke, PR Frey, RK Rhyan, JC McCollum, MP Nol, P Aune, K AF Clarke, P. Ryan Frey, Rebecca K. Rhyan, Jack C. McCollum, Matt P. Nol, Pauline Aune, Keith TI Feasibility of quarantine procedures for bison (Bison bison) calves from Yellowstone National Park for conservation of brucellosis-free bison SO JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE SEROLOGY; INFECTION AB Objective-To determine the feasibility of qualifying individuals or groups of Yellowstone National Park bison as free from brucellosis. Design-Cohort study. Sample-Serum, blood, and various samples from live bison and tissues taken at necropsy from 214 bison over 7 years. Procedures-Blood was collected from bison every 30 to 45 days for serologic tests and microbiological culture of blood for Brucella abortus. Seropositive bison were euthanized until all remaining bison had 2 consecutive negative test results. Half the seronegative bison were randomly euthanized, and tissues were collected for bacteriologic culture. The remaining seronegative bison were bred, and blood was tested at least twice per year. Cow-calf pairs were sampled immediately after calving and 6 months after calving for evidence of B abortus. Results-Post-enrollment serial testing for B abortus antibodies revealed no bison that seroconverted after 205 days (first cohort) and 180 days (second cohort). During initial serial testing, 85% of bison seroconverted within 120 days after removal from the infected population. Brucella abortus was not cultured from any euthanized seronegative bison (0/88). After parturition, no cows or calves had a positive test result for B abortus antibodies, nor was B abortus cultured from any samples. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Results suggested it is feasible to qualify brucellosis-free bison from an infected herd following quarantine procedures as published in the USDA APHIS brucellosis eradication uniform methods and rules. Latent infection was not detected in this sample of bison when applying the USDA APHIS quarantine protocol. C1 [Clarke, P. Ryan] USDA APHIS Vet Serv, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. USDA APHIS Vet Serv, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Montana Fish Wildlife & Pk, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. RP Clarke, PR (reprint author), USDA APHIS Vet Serv, 2150 Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM patrick.r.clarke@aphis.usda.gov FU USDA APHIS; Montana Fish, Wildlife, and Parks; Montana Department of Livestock FX Funding provided by USDA APHIS; Montana Fish, Wildlife, and Parks; and the Montana Department of Livestock. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0003-1488 EI 1943-569X J9 JAVMA-J AM VET MED A JI JAVMA-J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 244 IS 5 BP 588 EP 591 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AB4RS UT WOS:000331778200013 ER PT J AU Ali, A Matthews, WC Cavagnaro, PF Iorizzo, M Roberts, PA Simon, PW AF Ali, Aamir Matthews, William C. Cavagnaro, Pablo F. Iorizzo, Massimo Roberts, Philip A. Simon, Philipp W. TI Inheritance and Mapping of Mj-2, a New Source of Root-knot Nematode (Meloidogyne javanica) Resistance in Carrot SO JOURNAL OF HEREDITY LA English DT Article DE Apiaceae; Daucus carota; molecular markers; SSRs ID GENETIC DIVERSITY; MARKERS; LOCUS AB Root-knot nematodes limit carrot production around the world by inducing taproot forking and galling deformities that render carrots unmarketable. In warmer climates, Meloidogyne javanica and Meloidogyne incognita are most prevalent. In F-2 and F-3 progeny from the cross between an Asian carrot resistant to M. javanica, PI 652188, and a susceptible carrot, resistance response was incompletely dominant with a relatively high heritability (H-2 0.78) and provided evidence for a single gene, designated Mj-2, contributing to resistance. Molecular markers linked to the previously described root-knot nematode resistance gene, Mj-1 on chromosome 8 derived from Brasilia, demonstrated that Mj-2 does not map to that same locus but is on the same chromosome. C1 [Ali, Aamir] Univ Sargodha, Dept Biol Sci, Sargodha, Pakistan. [Ali, Aamir; Cavagnaro, Pablo F.; Iorizzo, Massimo; Simon, Philipp W.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Plant Breeding & Plant Genet Program, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Matthews, William C.; Roberts, Philip A.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Nematol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Cavagnaro, Pablo F.] Univ Nacl Cuyo, Fac Ciencias Agr, CONICET, RA-5500 Mendoza, Argentina. [Cavagnaro, Pablo F.] INTA EEA Consulta, Mendoza, Argentina. [Simon, Philipp W.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Simon, PW (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Plant Breeding & Plant Genet Program, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM Philipp.Simon@ars.usda.gov FU Higher Education Commission of Pakistan; California Fresh Carrot Advisory Board grants; Specialty Crop Research Initiative award [2008-51180-04896] FX Higher Education Commission of Pakistan post-doctoral fellowship award (to A. A.); California Fresh Carrot Advisory Board grants (to P. W. S. and P. A. R.); Specialty Crop Research Initiative award 2008-51180-04896 (to P. W. S. and P.A.R.). NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 12 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1503 EI 1465-7333 J9 J HERED JI J. Hered. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 105 IS 2 BP 288 EP 291 DI 10.1093/jhered/est090 PG 4 WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA AB6BT UT WOS:000331873200012 PM 24336925 ER PT J AU Singh, SK Heng, C Braker, JD Chan, VJ Lee, CC Jordan, DB Yuan, L Wagschal, K AF Singh, Sanjay K. Heng, Chamroeun Braker, Jay D. Chan, Victor J. Lee, Charles C. Jordan, Douglas B. Yuan, Ling Wagschal, Kurt TI Directed evolution of GH43 beta-xylosidase XylBH43 thermal stability and L186 saturation mutagenesis SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Glycosyl hydrolase; Directed evolution; Gene shuffling; Thermal stability; Protein engineering ID ALPHA-L-ARABINOFURANOSIDASE; PROTEIN THERMOSTABILITY; SELENOMONAS-RUMINANTIUM; ENZYME; RECOMBINATION; MUTATIONS; ESTERASE; STRATEGY; BIOMASS AB Directed evolution of beta-xylosidase XylBH43 using a single round of gene shuffling identified three mutations, R45K, M69P, and L186Y, that affect thermal stability parameter K (t) (0.5) by -1.8 +/- A 0.1, 1.7 +/- A 0.3, and 3.2 +/- A 0.4 A degrees C, respectively. In addition, a cluster of four mutations near hairpin loop-D83 improved K (t) (0.5) by similar to 3 A degrees C; none of the individual amino acid changes measurably affect K (t) (0.5) . Saturation mutagenesis of L186 identified the variant L186K as having the most improved K (t) (0.5) value, by 8.1 +/- A 0.3 A degrees C. The L186Y mutation was found to be additive, resulting in K (t) (0.5) increasing by up to 8.8 +/- A 0.3 A degrees C when several beneficial mutations were combined. While k (cat) of xylobiose and 4-nitrophenyl-beta-d-xylopyranoside were found to be depressed from 8 to 83 % in the thermally improved mutants, K (m), K (ss) (substrate inhibition), and K (i) (product inhibition) values generally increased, resulting in lessened substrate and xylose inhibition. C1 [Singh, Sanjay K.; Yuan, Ling] Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Kentucky Tobacco Res & Dev Ctr, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Heng, Chamroeun; Chan, Victor J.; Lee, Charles C.; Wagschal, Kurt] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Braker, Jay D.; Jordan, Douglas B.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Yuan, L (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Kentucky Tobacco Res & Dev Ctr, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. EM lyuan3@uky.edu; kurt.wagschal@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture [CRIS 5325-41000-049-00, CRIS 3620-41000-118-00D] FX This work was supported by funding from the United States Department of Agriculture, CRIS 5325-41000-049-00 (C. H., V.J.C., C. C. L., K. W.) and CRIS 3620-41000-118-00D (D.B.J. and J.D.B.). The mention of firm names or trade products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the US Department of Agriculture over other firms or similar products not mentioned. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 36 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 22 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1367-5435 EI 1476-5535 J9 J IND MICROBIOL BIOT JI J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 41 IS 3 BP 489 EP 498 DI 10.1007/s10295-013-1377-0 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA AB2PR UT WOS:000331635100002 PM 24292973 ER PT J AU Manoukis, NC Hoffman, K AF Manoukis, Nicholas C. Hoffman, Kevin TI An agent-based simulation of extirpation of Ceratitis capitata applied to invasions in California SO JOURNAL OF PEST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Simulation; Model; Medfly; Quarantine; Agent-based modeling ID MEDITERRANEAN FRUIT-FLY; 5 CONSTANT TEMPERATURES; FLIES DIPTERA; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; IMMATURE STAGES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SPP. DIPTERA; LIFE-HISTORY; TEPHRITIDAE; MODEL AB We present an agent-based simulation (ABS) of Ceratitis capitata ("Medfly") developed for estimating the time to extirpation of this pest in areas where quarantines and eradication treatments were immediately imposed. We use the ABS, implemented in the program MED-FOES, to study seven different outbreaks that occurred in Southern California from 2008 to 2010. Results are compared with the length of intervention and quarantine imposed by the State, based on a linear developmental model (thermal unit accumulation, or "degree-day"). MED-FOES is a useful tool for invasive species managers as it incorporates more information from the known biology of the Medfly, and includes the important feature of being demographically explicit, providing significant improvements over simple degree-day calculations. While there was general agreement between the length of quarantine by degree-day and the time to extirpation indicated by MED-FOES, the ABS suggests that the margin of safety varies among cases and that in two cases the quarantine may have been excessively long. We also examined changes in the number of individuals over time in MED-FOES and conducted a sensitivity analysis for one of the outbreaks to explore the role of various input parameters on simulation outcomes. While our implementation of the ABS in this work is motivated by C. capitata and takes extirpation as a postulate, the simulation is very flexible and can be used to study a variety of questions on the invasion biology of pest insects and methods proposed to manage or eradicate such species. C1 [Manoukis, Nicholas C.] ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Hoffman, Kevin] Calif Dept Food & Agr, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA. RP Manoukis, NC (reprint author), ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM nicholas.manoukis@ars.usda.gov; khoffman@cdfa.ca.gov RI Barley, Kamal/F-9579-2011; OI Barley, Kamal/0000-0003-1874-9813; Manoukis, Nicholas/0000-0001-5062-7256 FU United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) FX We thank R. Vargas, P. Follett, and E. Jang for sharing their expertise on Medfly and S. Geib and B. Hall for discussions on computational issues. We also thank S. Ellner for helpful advice on modeling decisions and R. Carruthers for improvements to the presentation. This work was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS). Opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the USDA. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 75 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 14 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1612-4758 EI 1612-4766 J9 J PEST SCI JI J. Pest Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 87 IS 1 BP 39 EP 51 DI 10.1007/s10340-013-0513-y PG 13 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AB3UO UT WOS:000331715900004 ER PT J AU Jennings, DE Taylor, PB Duan, JJ AF Jennings, David E. Taylor, Philip B. Duan, Jian J. TI The mating and oviposition behavior of the invasive emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis), with reference to the influence of host tree condition SO JOURNAL OF PEST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Biologic control; Crown condition; DBH; EAB; Host selection ID COLEOPTERA BUPRESTIDAE; PHYTOPHAGOUS INSECTS; NORTH-AMERICA; PARASITOIDS; HYMENOPTERA; PERFORMANCE; FAIRMAIRE; MORTALITY; SELECTION; IMPACTS AB Emerald ash borer (EAB), Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), is an invasive wood-boring beetle first detected in North America in 2002. Relatively little is known about the factors affecting the mating and oviposition behavior of EAB, even though they could have implications for the management of this species. Consequently, we conducted field surveys in Michigan to observe the diurnal behavior of EAB adults, in addition to examining how their behaviors associated with reproduction varied in relation to the size and condition of host trees. We observed most EAB adults between 11:00 and 15:00, and this pattern was the same for both sexes and for all of the specific behaviors examined (feeding, flying, mating, resting, and walking). Regarding host tree size and crown condition, we consistently found that the most EAB eggs, adults, mating pairs, and ovipositing females were observed on intermediately stressed trees with 40-60 % crown reductions (likely resulting from earlier EAB infestations). Additionally, host tree crown condition appeared to be a more important factor than diameter at breast height. Our results therefore provide support to the hypothesis that host tree crown (stressing) condition influences EAB oviposition behavior. Determining which trees are likely to contain the most EAB eggs should help to guide efforts for releasing and promoting the establishment of parasitoids utilized in biologic control. However, future work should attempt to experimentally test the hypothesis that host tree condition (e.g., crown reduction) drives EAB oviposition behavior, and investigate the fitness implications of these host choices. C1 [Jennings, David E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Taylor, Philip B.; Duan, Jian J.] USDA ARS, Beneficial Insects Intro Res Unit, Newark, DE 19713 USA. RP Jennings, DE (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, 4112 Plant Sci Bldg, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM dejennin@umd.edu OI Jennings, David/0000-0001-7179-3069 NR 48 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 5 U2 57 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1612-4758 EI 1612-4766 J9 J PEST SCI JI J. Pest Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 87 IS 1 BP 71 EP 78 DI 10.1007/s10340-013-0539-1 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AB3UO UT WOS:000331715900007 ER PT J AU Lundgren, JG Lopez-Lavalle, LAB Parsa, S Wyckhuys, KAG AF Lundgren, Jonathan G. Becerra Lopez-Lavalle, Luis Augusto Parsa, Soroush Wyckhuys, Kris A. G. TI Molecular determination of the predator community of a cassava whitefly in Colombia: pest-specific primer development and field validation SO JOURNAL OF PEST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Aleurotrachelus socialis; Biological control; Harmonia axyridis; Molecular gut analysis; PCR; Predator ID BEMISIA-TABACI HOMOPTERA; ALEUROTRACHELUS-SOCIALIS; ARGENTIFOLII HOMOPTERA; ALEYRODIDAE; PARASITOIDS; HEMIPTERA; PREY; RESISTANCE; POPULATIONS; ELISA AB In South America, the whitefly Aleurotrachelus socialis is one of the principal pests of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz), reaching high population levels throughout the Andean region. Management of this species is primarily based upon the use of insecticides, while biological control has received limited attention. Till present, knowledge of A. socialis natural enemies is restricted to occasional records of predators and parasitoids. In this study, we developed PCR primer sets specific for the cassava whitefly, A. socialis, to identify their predator community in Colombian cassava. Eleven percent of 586 predator specimens (representing 131 taxa from 29 families) tested positive for cassava whitefly DNA. Of the 21 predator taxa that consumed cassava whiteflies, an unidentified netwing beetle (Lycidae), an unidentified spider species (Araneae), Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), a Cereaochrysa sp. (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), and a Leucochrysa sp. (Chrysopidae) were the taxa that consumed cassava whiteflies most frequently under field conditions. Two abundant predators in the system, Delphastus sp. (Coccinellidae) and the long-legged fly, Condylostylus sp. (Diptera: Dolichopodidae), were both positive for whitefly DNA, but did not have the strongest trophic linkage to the pest relative to other predators. This study shows that a diverse predator community affects cassava whitefly in southern Colombia, and provides the groundwork for the design of cassava production systems with minimal pesticide inputs. C1 [Lundgren, Jonathan G.] USDA ARS, NCARL, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. [Becerra Lopez-Lavalle, Luis Augusto; Parsa, Soroush; Wyckhuys, Kris A. G.] CIAT, Cali 6713, Colombia. RP Lundgren, JG (reprint author), USDA ARS, NCARL, 2923 Medary Ave, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. EM Jonathan.Lundgren@ARS.USDA.GOV NR 37 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 28 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1612-4758 EI 1612-4766 J9 J PEST SCI JI J. Pest Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 87 IS 1 BP 125 EP 131 DI 10.1007/s10340-013-0509-7 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AB3UO UT WOS:000331715900013 ER PT J AU Bock, CH Shapiro-Ilan, DI Wedge, DE Cantrell, CL AF Bock, Clive H. Shapiro-Ilan, David I. Wedge, David E. Cantrell, Charles L. TI Identification of the antifungal compound, trans-cinnamic acid, produced by Photorhabdus luminescens, a potential biopesticide against pecan scab SO JOURNAL OF PEST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Pecan scab; Biorational control; Integrated pest management; Bacterial metabolites ID ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY; ANTIBIOTIC-ACTIVITY; FUSARIUM-WILT; XENORHABDUS; BACTERIA; METABOLITES; NEMATODES; ENTEROBACTERIACEAE; STEINERNEMATIDAE; BIOAUTOGRAPHY AB Pecan scab (caused by Fusicladium effusum) limits the productivity of pecan in the southeastern USA. Alternatives to conventional fungicides should be biorational, of low environmental risk with a lower risk of fungicide resistance. Research showed that metabolites from the nematode symbiont Photorhabdus luminescens suppress pecan scab, but the bioactive molecules had not been identified. Extracts from P. luminescens were investigated using a bioactivity-directed fractionation approach to identify the constituent(s) responsible for the activity. High throughput antifungal bioautography assays against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, C. fragariae, and C. acutatum were used to guide the fractionation. One of the metabolites was purified and identified as trans-cinnamic acid (TCA) using silica gel chromatography followed by semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography. In vitro tests confirmed toxicity of TCA to C. gloeosporioides, C. fragariae, and C. acutatum at 10 and 100 mu g mL(-1) using fungal bioautography inhibition screening plates. The antimycotic activity of TCA was tested in vitro against F. effusum. Zone of inhibition tests, and tests with TCA incorporated into agar showed TCA toxicity to F. effusum at concentration 148-200+ mu g mL(-1). Further tests incorporating TCA into liquid media demonstrated that TCA arrested all growth of F. effusum at a concentration even as low as 64 mu g mL(-1). Naturally occurring antimicrobial products might offer an alternative to disease control in crops, helping in minimizing the risk of fungicide resistance, while also minimizing any negative impact on the environment. Additional research is warranted to determine the potential to use TCA as a suppressive agent for pecan scab and other diseases. C1 [Bock, Clive H.; Shapiro-Ilan, David I.] USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. [Wedge, David E.; Cantrell, Charles L.] Univ Mississippi, USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. RP Bock, CH (reprint author), USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. EM clive.bock@ars.usda.gov FU Georgia Agricultural Commodity Commission FX The authors appreciate the technical assistance of Stacy Byrd, Kathy Halat, Jatayah Sheed, Stephanie de Vos, and Peir Wangnar, with regard to helping with the assays and recording data. The authors thank the Georgia Agricultural Commodity Commission for the partial funding of the research. NR 46 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 28 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1612-4758 EI 1612-4766 J9 J PEST SCI JI J. Pest Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 87 IS 1 BP 155 EP 162 DI 10.1007/s10340-013-0519-5 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AB3UO UT WOS:000331715900016 ER PT J AU Asah, ST Lenentine, MM Blahna, DJ AF Asah, Stanley T. Lenentine, Miku M. Blahna, Dale J. TI Benefits of urban landscape eco-volunteerism: Mixed methods segmentation analysis and implications for volunteer retention SO LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING LA English DT Article DE Urban restoration; Volunteer motivations; Conservation stewardship; Positive emotions; Community ID FUNCTIONAL-APPROACH; CONSERVATION STEWARDSHIP; MOTIVATIONS; URBANIZATION; MOTIVES; SCALES AB Urban landscape restoration and conservation initiatives are challenged by financial and other constraints. Consequently, these initiatives are increasingly reliant on volunteer stewards. Knowledge why people volunteer to restore and conserve urban ecosystems can help practitioners enhance volunteering as a social-ecological process that is mutually beneficial to landscapes and people. We included two open-ended questions about why people volunteer and what they perceive as benefits of volunteering, in a survey of volunteers for urban landscape restoration and conservation in Seattle, WA. Thematic and statistical analyses of volunteer motivations showed that volunteers expressed social psychological motivations more frequently than environmental reasons for volunteering. We also found that volunteers are not a monolithic group. There were statistically significant differences in the frequency of expression of volunteer motivations among respondent demographic segments. For example, women expressed the quest for positive emotions, as a motivation to volunteer, more often than men did. We illustrate how understanding volunteers' motivations, expressed in their own words and from their own points of reference, can enhance voluntary social-ecological processes that mutually benefit people and urban landscapes. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Asah, Stanley T.; Lenentine, Miku M.] Univ Washington, Coll Environm, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Blahna, Dale J.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific Northwest Res Stn, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. RP Asah, ST (reprint author), Univ Washington, Coll Environm, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Box 352100, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM stasah@uw.edu; miku2@uw.edu; dblahna@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station FX We are thankful to the volunteers who participated in this study. We thank Mr. David French and Mr. Scott Davis for assisting with participant recruitment. The authors are grateful to the Editor and anonymous reviewers for their insightful contributions to this manuscript. This study was funded by the USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 7 U2 45 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-2046 EI 1872-6062 J9 LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN JI Landsc. Urban Plan. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 123 BP 108 EP 113 DI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2013.12.011 PG 6 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Urban Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography; Urban Studies GA AB7SI UT WOS:000331990600011 ER PT J AU Zeller, KA McGarigal, K Beier, P Cushman, SA Vickers, TW Boyce, WM AF Zeller, Katherine A. McGarigal, Kevin Beier, Paul Cushman, Samuel A. Vickers, T. Winston Boyce, Walter M. TI Sensitivity of landscape resistance estimates based on point selection functions to scale and behavioral state: pumas as a case study SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Puma concolor; Conditional logistic regression; Resistance surface; Cost-surface; Connectivity; Resource selection function ID RESOURCE SELECTION; SPATIAL AUTOCORRELATION; HABITAT-SELECTION; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; HOME-RANGE; MOVEMENT; ECOLOGY; CONNECTIVITY; TELEMETRY; PATTERNS AB Estimating landscape resistance to animal movement is the foundation for connectivity modeling, and resource selection functions based on point data are commonly used to empirically estimate resistance. In this study, we used GPS data points acquired at 5-min intervals from radiocollared pumas in southern California to model context-dependent point selection functions. We used mixed-effects conditional logistic regression models that incorporate a paired used/available design to examine the sensitivity of point selection functions to the scale of available habitat and to the behavioral state of individual animals. We compared parameter estimates, model performance, and resistance estimates across 37 scales of available habitat, from 250 to 10,000 m, and two behavioral states, resource use and movement. Point selection functions and resistance estimates were sensitive to the chosen scale of the analysis. Multiple characteristic scales were found across our predictor variables, indicating that pumas in the study area are responding at different scales to different landscape features and that multi-scale models may be more appropriate. Additionally, point selection functions and resistance estimates were sensitive to behavioral state; specifically, pumas engaged in resource use behavior had an opposite selection response to some land cover types than pumas engaged in movement behavior. We recommend examining a continuum of scales and behavioral states when using point selection functions to estimate resistance. C1 [Zeller, Katherine A.; McGarigal, Kevin] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Zeller, Katherine A.] Panthera, New York, NY 10018 USA. [Beier, Paul] No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Cushman, Samuel A.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Vickers, T. Winston; Boyce, Walter M.] Univ Calif Davis, Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Sch Vet Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Zeller, KA (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM kathyzeller@gmail.com FU National Science Foundation [NSF DGE-0907995]; Kaplan Graduate Award; Nature Conservancy; Orange County Transportation Corridor Agency; Nature Reserve of Orange County; McBeth Foundation FX We thank A. Allyn, B. Compton, E. Plunkett, H. Robinson, and B. Timm for helpful conversations, ideas, and assistance with computational capacity, D. Dawn, D. Krucki, C. Bell, P. Bryant, D. Stewart, and K. Krause for field assistance, and three anonymous reviewers for thoughtful and constructive comments. We would also like to thank the following landowners/managers: The Nature Conservancy, California Department of Fish and Wildlife, Orange County Parks Department, The New Irvine Ranch Conservancy, Audubon Starr Ranch Reserve, Riverside County Parks Department, and the Cleveland National Forest. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under NSF DGE-0907995, a Kaplan Graduate Award, The Nature Conservancy, Orange County Transportation Corridor Agency, The Nature Reserve of Orange County, and the McBeth Foundation. NR 44 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 8 U2 87 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-2973 EI 1572-9761 J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL JI Landsc. Ecol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 29 IS 3 BP 541 EP 557 DI 10.1007/s10980-014-9991-4 PG 17 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA AB6YH UT WOS:000331935500015 ER PT J AU Bacanu, SA Chen, J Sun, J Richardson, K Lai, CQ Zhao, Z O'Donovan, MC Kendler, KS Chen, X AF Bacanu, S-A Chen, J. Sun, J. Richardson, K. Lai, C-Q Zhao, Z. O'Donovan, M. C. Kendler, K. S. Chen, X. TI Functional SNPs are enriched for schizophrenia association signals SO MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Letter C1 [Bacanu, S-A; Chen, J.; Kendler, K. S.; Chen, X.] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Virginia Inst Psychiat & Behav Genet, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. [Sun, J.; Zhao, Z.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biomed Informat, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Sun, J.; Zhao, Z.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Richardson, K.; Lai, C-Q] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer US Dept, Nutr & Genom Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [O'Donovan, M. C.] Cardiff Univ, Sch Med, MRC Ctr Neuropsychiat Genet & Gen, Dept Med Physiol, Cardiff CF10 3AX, S Glam, Wales. RP Bacanu, SA (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Virginia Inst Psychiat & Behav Genet, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. EM xchen@vcu.edu OI O'Donovan, Michael/0000-0001-7073-2379 FU Medical Research Council [G0800509] NR 8 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1359-4184 EI 1476-5578 J9 MOL PSYCHIATR JI Mol. Psychiatr. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 19 IS 3 BP 276 EP 277 DI 10.1038/mp.2013.33 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA AB7EH UT WOS:000331951600002 PM 23546170 ER PT J AU Le, TC Chauhan, KR AF Le, Thanh C. Chauhan, Kamlesh R. TI Simple and Short Synthesis of Trans-(R)-Nerolidol, a Pheromone Component of Fruit Spotting Bug SO NATURAL PRODUCT COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Pheromone; Enantiomer; Synthesis ID AGENT OXYOPS-VITIOSA; MELALEUCA-QUINQUENERVIA; ASYMMETRIC EPOXIDATION; PLANT VOLATILES; LARVAE AB A three-step synthesis of enantiomerically pure (R) and (S)-trans nerolidol from commercially available E,E-fanesol is described.. Trans nerolidol is an abundant sesquiterpene in many plant species, almost enantiomerically pure; however, the configuration of chirality is S. There is no natural resource for R-trans nerolidol, which has recently been identified as a pheromone component of the fruit spotting bug Amblypelta lutescens. The simple syntheses reported here will make enantiomerically pure R- and S-trans nerolidol and homologues available for further research and ultimately for use in integrated pest management strategies comprising pheromones. C1 [Le, Thanh C.; Chauhan, Kamlesh R.] USDA ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Chauhan, KR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM kamachauhan@ars.usda.gov FU Deployed War Fighter Protection Program (DWFP) FX This work is supported by funding from the Deployed War Fighter Protection Program (DWFP). NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATURAL PRODUCTS INC PI WESTERVILLE PA 7963 ANDERSON PARK LN, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081 USA SN 1934-578X EI 1555-9475 J9 NAT PROD COMMUN JI Nat. Prod. Commun. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 9 IS 3 BP 297 EP 298 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Food Science & Technology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Food Science & Technology GA AB7QU UT WOS:000331986600003 ER PT J AU Kim, S Park, M Yeom, SI Kim, YM Lee, JM Lee, HA Seo, E Choi, J Cheong, K Kim, KT Jung, K Lee, GW Oh, SK Bae, C Kim, SB Lee, HY Kim, SY Kim, MS Kang, BC Jo, YD Yang, HB Jeong, HJ Kang, WH Kwon, JK Shin, C Lim, JY Park, JH Huh, JH Kim, JS Kim, BD Cohen, O Paran, I Suh, MC Lee, SB Kim, YK Shin, Y Noh, SJ Park, J Seo, YS Kwon, SY Kim, HA Park, JM Kim, HJ Choi, SB Bosland, PW Reeves, G Jo, SH Lee, BW Cho, HT Choi, HS Lee, MS Yu, Y Do Choi, Y Park, BS van Deynze, A Ashrafi, H Hill, T Kim, WT Pai, HS Ahn, HK Yeam, I Giovannoni, JJ Rose, JKC Sorensen, I Lee, SJ Kim, RW Choi, IY Choi, BS Lim, JS Lee, YH Choi, D AF Kim, Seungill Park, Minkyu Yeom, Seon-In Kim, Yong-Min Lee, Je Min Lee, Hyun-Ah Seo, Eunyoung Choi, Jaeyoung Cheong, Kyeongchae Kim, Ki-Tae Jung, Kyongyong Lee, Gir-Won Oh, Sang-Keun Bae, Chungyun Kim, Saet-Byul Lee, Hye-Young Kim, Shin-Young Kim, Myung-Shin Kang, Byoung-Cheorl Jo, Yeong Deuk Yang, Hee-Bum Jeong, Hee-Jin Kang, Won-Hee Kwon, Jin-Kyung Shin, Chanseok Lim, Jae Yun Park, June Hyun Huh, Jin Hoe Kim, June-Sik Kim, Byung-Dong Cohen, Oded Paran, Ilan Suh, Mi Chung Lee, Saet Buyl Kim, Yeon-Ki Shin, Younhee Noh, Seung-Jae Park, Junhyung Seo, Young Sam Kwon, Suk-Yoon Kim, Hyun A. Park, Jeong Mee Kim, Hyun-Jin Choi, Sang-Bong Bosland, Paul W. Reeves, Gregory Jo, Sung-Hwan Lee, Bong-Woo Cho, Hyung-Taeg Choi, Hee-Seung Lee, Min-Soo Yu, Yeisoo Do Choi, Yang Park, Beom-Seok van Deynze, Allen Ashrafi, Hamid Hill, Theresa Kim, Woo Taek Pai, Hyun-Sook Ahn, Hee Kyung Yeam, Inhwa Giovannoni, James J. Rose, Jocelyn K. C. Sorensen, Iben Lee, Sang-Jik Kim, Ryan W. Choi, Ik-Young Choi, Beom-Soon Lim, Jong-Sung Lee, Yong-Hwan Choi, Doil TI Genome sequence of the hot pepper provides insights into the evolution of pungency in Capsicum species SO NATURE GENETICS LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; OXIDATIVE STRESS; TOMATO GENOME; GENE FAMILY; ANNUUM L.; CAPSAICIN; FRUIT; PATHWAY; ANTIOXIDANT AB Hot pepper (Capsicum annuum), one of the oldest domesticated crops in the Americas, is the most widely grown spice crop in the world. We report whole-genome sequencing and assembly of the hot pepper (Mexican landrace of Capsicum annuum cv. CM334) at 186.6x coverage. We also report resequencing of two cultivated peppers and de novo sequencing of the wild species Capsicum chinense. The genome size of the hot pepper was approximately fourfold larger than that of its close relative tomato, and the genome showed an accumulation of Gypsy and Caulimoviridae family elements. Integrative genomic and transcriptomic analyses suggested that change in gene expression and neofunctionalization of capsaicin synthase have shaped capsaicinoid biosynthesis. We found differential molecular patterns of ripening regulators and ethylene synthesis in hot pepper and tomato. The reference genome will serve as a platform for improving the nutritional and medicinal values of Capsicum species. C1 [Kim, Seungill; Park, Minkyu; Yeom, Seon-In; Kim, Yong-Min; Lee, Je Min; Lee, Hyun-Ah; Seo, Eunyoung; Oh, Sang-Keun; Bae, Chungyun; Kim, Saet-Byul; Lee, Hye-Young; Kim, Shin-Young; Kim, Myung-Shin; Kang, Byoung-Cheorl; Jo, Yeong Deuk; Yang, Hee-Bum; Jeong, Hee-Jin; Kang, Won-Hee; Huh, Jin Hoe; Kim, June-Sik; Kim, Byung-Dong; Choi, Doil] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Seoul, South Korea. [Kim, Seungill; Park, Minkyu; Yeom, Seon-In; Kim, Yong-Min; Lee, Je Min; Lee, Hyun-Ah; Seo, Eunyoung; Oh, Sang-Keun; Kang, Byoung-Cheorl; Choi, Doil] Seoul Natl Univ, Plant Genom & Breeding Inst, Seoul, South Korea. [Choi, Jaeyoung; Cheong, Kyeongchae; Kim, Ki-Tae; Jung, Kyongyong; Shin, Chanseok; Lim, Jae Yun; Park, June Hyun; Lee, Yong-Hwan] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Agr Biotechnol, Seoul, South Korea. [Lee, Gir-Won] Soongsil Univ, Dept Bioinformat & Life Sci, Seoul, South Korea. [Kang, Byoung-Cheorl] Seoul Natl Univ, Vegetable Breeding Res Ctr, Seoul, South Korea. [Cohen, Oded; Paran, Ilan] Agr Res Org, Volcani Ctr, Inst Plant Sci, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. [Suh, Mi Chung; Lee, Saet Buyl] Chonnam Natl Univ, Dept Bioenergy Sci & Technol, Kwangju, South Korea. [Kim, Yeon-Ki] GreenGene BioTech Inc, Genom Genet Inst, Yongin, South Korea. [Shin, Younhee; Noh, Seung-Jae; Park, Junhyung] Insilicogen Inc, Codes Div, Suwon, South Korea. [Seo, Young Sam] Korea Ginseng Corp, Ginseng Resources Res Lab, Taejon, South Korea. [Kwon, Suk-Yoon; Kim, Hyun A.; Park, Jeong Mee; Kim, Hyun-Jin] Korea Res Inst Biosci & Biotechnol, Taejon, South Korea. [Choi, Sang-Bong] Myongji Univ, Div Biosci & Bioinformat, Yongin, South Korea. [Bosland, Paul W.; Reeves, Gregory] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Plant & Environm Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Bosland, Paul W.] New Mexico State Univ, Chile Pepper Inst, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Jo, Sung-Hwan; Lee, Bong-Woo] Seeders Inc, Taejon, South Korea. [Cho, Hyung-Taeg; Choi, Hee-Seung; Lee, Min-Soo] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Seoul, South Korea. [Yu, Yeisoo] Univ Arizona, Arizona Genom Inst, Tucson, AZ USA. [Park, Beom-Seok] Natl Acad Agr Sci, Rural Dev Adm, Agr Genome Ctr, Suwon, South Korea. [van Deynze, Allen; Ashrafi, Hamid; Hill, Theresa] Univ Calif Davis, Seed Biotechnol Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Kim, Woo Taek; Pai, Hyun-Sook; Ahn, Hee Kyung] Yonsei Univ, Dept Syst Biol, Seoul 120749, South Korea. [Yeam, Inhwa] Andong Natl Univ, Dept Hort & Breeding, Andong, South Korea. [Giovannoni, James J.] USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Giovannoni, James J.] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Rose, Jocelyn K. C.; Sorensen, Iben] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Biol, Ithaca, NY USA. [Lee, Sang-Jik] Inst Biotechnol, Nongwoo Bio, Yeoju, South Korea. [Kim, Ryan W.] Univ Calif Davis, Genome Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Choi, Ik-Young; Choi, Beom-Soon; Lim, Jong-Sung] Seoul Natl Univ, Natl Instrumentat Ctr Environm Management, Seoul, South Korea. RP Choi, D (reprint author), Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Seoul, South Korea. EM doil@snu.ac.kr RI Choi, Doil/F-5002-2011; Choi, Jaeyoung/H-8665-2013; Yeom, Seon-In/D-5420-2013 OI Choi, Jaeyoung/0000-0003-2206-4593; Lee, Je Min/0000-0002-0446-1336; Yeom, Seon-In/0000-0002-8385-0179 FU Agricultural Genome Center of the Next-Generation Biogreen21 Program, Rural Development Administration of the Korean government [PJ008199012012]; National Research Foundation (NRF) of the Korean government; Hortigenetics; Monsanto; Rijk Zwaan; Syngenta; Semillas Fito; Sakata Seed; Enza Zaden; Nunhems and Takii FX This work was supported by a grant from the Agricultural Genome Center of the Next-Generation Biogreen21 Program, Rural Development Administration of the Korean government (project number PJ008199012012). S.-I.Y. (Research Fellowship), H.-A.L. (National Junior Research Fellowship) and E. S. (Global Ph.D. Fellowship) were supported by the National Research Foundation (NRF) of the Korean government. The authors are thankful for financial support from the following companies: Hortigenetics, Monsanto, Rijk Zwaan, Syngenta, Semillas Fito, Sakata Seed, Enza Zaden, Nunhems and Takii. NR 69 TC 143 Z9 158 U1 18 U2 122 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1061-4036 EI 1546-1718 J9 NAT GENET JI Nature Genet. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 46 IS 3 BP 270 EP + DI 10.1038/ng.2877 PG 10 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA AB8JR UT WOS:000332036700011 PM 24441736 ER PT J AU Zhou, YH Khan, TM Liu, JC Fuentes-Hernandez, C Shim, JW Najafabadi, E Youngblood, JP Moon, RJ Kippelen, B AF Zhou, Yinhua Khan, Talha M. Liu, Jen-Chieh Fuentes-Hernandez, Canek Shim, Jae Won Najafabadi, Ehsan Youngblood, Jeffrey P. Moon, Robert J. Kippelen, Bernard TI Efficient recyclable organic solar cells on cellulose nanocrystal substrates with a conducting polymer top electrode deposited by film-transfer lamination SO ORGANIC ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE Recyclable organic solar cells; Cellulose nanocrystal; Film-transfer lamination ID POWER-CONVERSION EFFICIENCY; PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS; WORK FUNCTION; TRANSPARENT; PAPER; LAYER AB We report on efficient solar cells on recyclable cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) substrates with a new device structure wherein polyethylenimine-modified Ag is used as the bottom electron-collecting electrode and high-conductivity poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS, PH1000) is used as the semitransparent top hole-collecting electrode. The PEDOT:PSS top electrode is deposited by a film-transfer lamination technique. This dry process avoids swelling damage to the CNC substrate, which is observed when PEDOT:PSS is directly spin-coated from an aqueous solution. Solar cells on recyclable CNC substrates exhibit a maximum power conversion efficiency of 4.0% with a large fill factor of 0.64 +/- 0.02 when illuminated through the top semitransparent PEDOT:PSS electrode. The performance of solar cells on CNC substrates is comparable to that of reference solar cells on polyethersulfone substrates. (C) 2013 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhou, Yinhua; Khan, Talha M.; Fuentes-Hernandez, Canek; Shim, Jae Won; Najafabadi, Ehsan; Kippelen, Bernard] Georgia Inst Technol, COPE, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Liu, Jen-Chieh; Youngblood, Jeffrey P.; Moon, Robert J.] Purdue Univ, Sch Mat Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Moon, Robert J.] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Kippelen, B (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, COPE, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM kippelen@ece.gatech.edu RI Fuentes Hernandez, Canek/G-3974-2011; Zhou, Yinhua/G-5306-2010 FU Center for Interface Science: Solar Electric Materials, an Energy Frontier Research Center; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001084]; Office of Naval Research [N00014-04-1-0313]; US Department of Agriculture - Forest Service [12-JV-11111122-098]; USDA-Forest Service [11-JV-11111129-118]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-11-1-0162] FX This research was funded in part through the Center for Interface Science: Solar Electric Materials, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number DE-SC0001084 (Y.Z., J.S., C. F.), by the Office of Naval Research (Grant No. N00014-04-1-0313) (T. K., B. K.), and the US Department of Agriculture - Forest Service (Grant No. 12-JV-11111122-098) (E.N.). Funding for CNC substrate processing was provided by USDA-Forest Service (Grant No. 11-JV-11111129-118) (R.J.M., J.P.Y., J.L.) and Air Force Office of Scientific Research (Grant No. FA9550-11-1-0162) (R.J.M., J.P.Y., J.L.). NR 34 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 9 U2 109 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1566-1199 EI 1878-5530 J9 ORG ELECTRON JI Org. Electron. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 15 IS 3 BP 661 EP 666 DI 10.1016/j.orgel.2013.12.018 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA AB2NZ UT WOS:000331630700004 ER PT J AU Scales, JC Parry, MAJ Salvucci, ME AF Scales, Joanna C. Parry, Martin A. J. Salvucci, Michael E. TI A non-radioactive method for measuring Rubisco activase activity in the presence of variable ATP: ADP ratios, including modifications for measuring the activity and activation state of Rubisco SO PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Carbon metabolism; Enzyme regulation; Molecular chaperone; AAA ID RIBULOSE-BISPHOSPHATE CARBOXYLASE; RIBULOSE-1,5-BISPHOSPHATE CARBOXYLASE/OXYGENASE; LARGE SUBUNIT; RIBULOSEBISPHOSPHATE CARBOXYLASE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; HEAT-STRESS; OXYGENASE; ARABIDOPSIS; CAPACITY; ENZYME AB Rubisco (ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase) catalyzes carboxylation of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate, the first in a series of reactions leading to the incorporation of atmospheric CO2 into biomass. Rubisco requires Rubisco activase (RCA), an AAA+ ATPase that reactivates Rubisco by remodelling the conformation of inhibitor-bound sites. RCA is regulated by the ratio of ADP:ATP, with the precise response potentiated by redox regulation of the alpha-isoform. Measuring the effects of ADP on the activation of Rubisco by RCA using the well-established photometric assay is problematic because of the adenine nucleotide requirement of 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PGA) kinase. Described here is a novel assay for measuring RCA activity in the presence of variable ratios of ADP:ATP. The assay couples the formation of 3-PGA from ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate and CO2 to NADH oxidation through cofactor-dependent phosphoglycerate mutase, enolase, PEP carboxylase and malate dehydrogenase. The assay was used to determine the effects of Rubisco and RCA concentration and ADP:ATP ratio on RCA activity, and to measure the activation of a modified Rubisco by RCA. Variations of the basic assay were used to measure the activation state of Rubisco in leaf extracts and the activity of purified Rubisco. The assay can be automated for high-throughput processing by conducting the reactions in two stages. C1 [Scales, Joanna C.; Parry, Martin A. J.] Rothamsted Res, Plant Biol & Crop Sci, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, Herts, England. [Salvucci, Michael E.] ARS, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. RP Salvucci, ME (reprint author), ARS, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, USDA, 21881 N Cardon Lane, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. EM mike.salvucci@ars.usda.gov OI Parry, Martin/0000-0002-4477-672X FU John Pickett Research Travel Fellowship, Rothamsted Research; Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council of the UK [BBSRC BB/J/00426X/1]; BBSRC [BB/I002545/1, BB/I017372/1, BB/1024488/1]; Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the United States Department of Energy [DE-FG02-10ER20268] FX The authors would like to acknowledge Dr. A.R. Portis, Jr. (formerly USDA-ARS, Urbana, IL) for suggesting the use of dPGM pathway for these assays. We thank Dr. Dominique Rumeau (Laboratory of Plant Molecular Ecophysiology, CEA, Marsaille, France) for her generous gift of seeds for the transgenic tobacco plants containing a His-tagged Rubisco. Support for Joanna Scales was provided by the John Pickett Research Travel Fellowship, Rothamsted Research. Martin Parry is supported by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council of the UK 20:20 Wheat (R) Institute Strategic Programme (BBSRC BB/J/00426X/1 20:20 Wheat) and BBSRC BB/I002545/1, BB/I017372/1 and BB/1024488/1. The research was funded by the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the United States Department of Energy through Grant DE-FG02-10ER20268 to M.E.S. A complementary DNA clone for dPGM-ST is available upon request. NR 47 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 33 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-8595 EI 1573-5079 J9 PHOTOSYNTH RES JI Photosynth. Res. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 119 IS 3 BP 355 EP 365 DI 10.1007/s11120-013-9964-5 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AB3WE UT WOS:000331720100009 PM 24390640 ER PT J AU Yang, MM Wen, SS Mavrodi, DV Mavrodi, OV von Wettstein, D Thomashow, LS Guo, JH Weller, DM AF Yang, Ming-Ming Wen, Shan-Shan Mavrodi, Dmitri V. Mavrodi, Olga V. von Wettstein, Diter Thomashow, Linda S. Guo, Jian-Hua Weller, David M. TI Biological Control of Wheat Root Diseases by the CLP-Producing Strain Pseudomonas fluorescens HC1-07 SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biosurfactant ID CYCLIC LIPOPEPTIDE PRODUCTION; ROT RHIZOCTONIA-SOLANI; GRAMINIS VAR TRITICI; TAKE-ALL; FUNCTIONAL-ANALYSIS; BIOFILM FORMATION; ANTIBIOTIC PRODUCTION; SOILBORNE PATHOGENS; COTTON SEEDLINGS; GENETIC-ANALYSIS AB Pseudomonas fluorescens HC1-07, previously isolated from the phyllosphere of wheat grown in Hebei province, China, suppresses. the soilborne disease of wheat take-all, caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici. We report here that strain HC1-07 also suppresses Rhizoctonia root rot of wheat caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG-8. Strain HC1-07 produced a cyclic lipopeptide (CLP) with a molecular weight of 1,126.42 based on analysis by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Extracted CLP inhibited the growth of G. graminis var. tritici and R. solani in vitro. To determine the role of this CLP in biological control, plasposon mutagenesis was used to generate two nonproducing mutants, HC1-07viscB and HC1-07prtR2. Analysis of regions flanking plasposon insertions in HC1-07prtR2 and HC1-07viscB revealed that the inactivated genes were similar to prtR and viscB, respectively, of the well-described biocontrol strain P. fluorescens SBW25 that produces the CLP viscosin. Both genes in HC1-07 were required for the production of the viscosin-like CLP. The two mutants were less inhibitory to G. graminis var. tritici and R. solani in vitro and reduced in ability to suppress take-all. HC1-07viscB but not HC-07prtR2 was reduced in ability to suppress Rhizoctonia root rot. In addition to CLP production, prtR also played a role in protease production. C1 [Yang, Ming-Ming; Guo, Jian-Hua] Nanjing Agr Univ, Dept Plant Pathol,Coll Plant Protect,Minist Agr, Key Lab Monitoring & Management Crop Dis & Pest I, Engn Ctr Bioresource Pesticide Jiangsu Prov, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Yang, Ming-Ming; Mavrodi, Olga V.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Wen, Shan-Shan; von Wettstein, Diter] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Mavrodi, Dmitri V.] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Biol Sci, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. [Thomashow, Linda S.; Weller, David M.] USDA ARS, Root Dis & Biol Control Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Guo, JH (reprint author), Nanjing Agr Univ, Dept Plant Pathol,Coll Plant Protect,Minist Agr, Key Lab Monitoring & Management Crop Dis & Pest I, Engn Ctr Bioresource Pesticide Jiangsu Prov, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM jhguo@njau.edu.cn; wellerd@wsu.edu FU Special Fund for Agro-Scientific Research in the Public Interest [200903052, 201003065]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31171809, 30971956]; Chinese Scholarship of Research Plan for Joint Educational Ph.D. Program FX This research was supported by Special Fund for Agro-Scientific Research in the Public Interest (200903052 and 201003065), National Natural Science Foundation of China (31171809 and 30971956), and Chinese Scholarship of Research Plan for Joint Educational Ph.D. Program. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 64 TC 4 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 21 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD MAR PY 2014 VL 104 IS 3 BP 248 EP 256 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-05-13-0142-R PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AB5WM UT WOS:000331859400004 PM 24512115 ER PT J AU Razi, MF Keremane, ML Ramadugu, C Roose, M Khan, IA Lee, RF AF Razi, Muhammad F. Keremane, Manjunath L. Ramadugu, Chandrika Roose, Mikeal Khan, Iqrar A. Lee, Richard F. TI Detection of Citrus Huanglongbing-Associated 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' in Citrus and Diaphorina citri in Pakistan, Seasonal Variability, and Implications for Disease Management SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE seasonal variation ID SAO-PAULO-STATE; GREENING DISEASE; HEMIPTERA PSYLLIDAE; RETICULATA BLANCO; 1ST REPORT; FLORIDA; BRAZIL; HOMOPTERA; ABUNDANCE; KUWAYAMA AB We report the detection of the huanglongbing (HLB)-associated bacterium 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' from both plants and insects in Pakistan and the seasonal variability in the numbers of 'Ca. L. asiaticus'-positive psyllid vector, Diaphorina citri. Our studies showed that 'Ca. L. asiaticus' was detectable from trees in areas with maximum temperatures reaching nearly 50 degrees C (average maximum of 42 degrees C). However, the bacterium was present at very low levels in psyllids both in summer (June to August) and autumn (September to November) in contrast to reports from Florida, where the bacterium was detectable at very high levels during October to November. We hypothesize that hot summer temperatures in Pakistan may interfere with acquisition and replication of 'Ca. L. asiaticus' in psyllids and may lead to dead or nontransmissible 'Ca. L. asiaticus' in plants. Psyllid counts were very low in both summer and winter, showed a population peak ('Ca. L. asiaticus'-positive vectors) in spring, and showed a larger peak ('Ca. L. asiaticus'-free psyllids) in autumn. Natural thermotherapy during hot summers and a low vector population during environmental extremes may have played a major role in long-term survival of the citrus industry in Pakistan. These results may be useful in developing management strategies for U.S. citrus industries in Texas and California. C1 [Razi, Muhammad F.; Khan, Iqrar A.] Univ Agr Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan. [Keremane, Manjunath L.; Lee, Richard F.] USDA ARS, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Ramadugu, Chandrika; Roose, Mikeal] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Lee, RF (reprint author), USDA ARS, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM richard.lee@ars.usda.gov FU Pakistan-U.S. Science and Technology Cooperation Program, California Citrus Research Board; Higher Education Commission of Pakistan FX This research was made possible by support from the Pakistan-U.S. Science and Technology Cooperation Program, California Citrus Research Board, and the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan. We thank L. Heldoorn and E. Rodriguez for excellent technical help; E. Iqbal, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, for laboratory support for DNA extractions in Faisalabad, Pakistan; and S. E. Halbert for providing expert advice in proper identification of psyllid diagrams reported from India in a 1912 publication. NR 59 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 20 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD MAR PY 2014 VL 104 IS 3 BP 257 EP 268 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-08-13-0224-R PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AB5WM UT WOS:000331859400005 PM 24134720 ER PT J AU Schillinger, WF Paulitz, TC AF Schillinger, W. F. Paulitz, T. C. TI Natural Suppression of Rhizoctonia Bare Patch in a Long-Term No-Till Cropping Systems Experiment SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID NORTHWEST UNITED-STATES; ROOT-ROT; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; WINTER-WHEAT; SOLANI AG-8; TAKE-ALL; SOIL; MANAGEMENT; BARLEY; GROWTH AB The soilborne fungus Rhizoctonia solani AG-8 is a major concern for farmers who practice no-till in the inland Pacific Northwest of the United States. Bare patches caused by Rhizoctonia spp. first appeared in 1999 during year 3 of a 15-year no-till cropping systems experiment near Ritzville, WA (269 mm of annual precipitation). The extent and pattern of patches were mapped each year from 1999 to 2012 at the 8-ha study site with a backpack-mounted global positioning system equipped with mapping software. Bare patches appeared in winter and spring wheat (SW; Triticum aestivum), spring barley (SB; Hordeum vulgare), yellow mustard (Brassica hirta), and safflower (Carthamus tinctorius). At its peak in years 5 to 7, bare patches occupied as much as 18% of total plot area in continuous annual monoculture SW. The area of bare patches began to decline in year 8 and reached near zero levels by year 11. No measurable patches were present in years 12 to 15. Patch area was significantly greater in continuous SW compared with SW grown in a 2-year rotation with SB. Additionally, the 15-year average grain yield for SW in rotation with SB was significantly greater than for continuous SW. Russian thistle (Salsola tragus), a troublesome broadleaf weed with a fast-growing tap root, was the only plant that grew within patches. This article reports the first direct evidence of natural suppression of Rhizoctonia bare patch with long-term no-till in North America. This suppression also developed in a rotation that contained broadleaf crops (yellow mustard and safflower) in all but 5 years of the study, and the suppression was maintained when safflower was added back to the rotation. C1 [Schillinger, W. F.] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Dryland Res Stn, Lind, WA 99341 USA. [Paulitz, T. C.] ARS, Root Dis & Biol Control Unit, USDA, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Schillinger, WF (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Dryland Res Stn, Lind, WA 99341 USA. EM william.schillinger@wsu.edu OI Paulitz, Timothy/0000-0002-8885-3803; Schillinger, William/0000-0001-9285-8159 FU United States Department of Agriculture NIFA FX Funding for the research was provided by the United States Department of Agriculture NIFA through Special Grants to the Columbia Plateau PM10 Project and the Solutions to Environmental and Economic Problems Project. We thank R. Jirava, on whose farm this study was conducted; and Washington State University (WSU) Agricultural Research Technicians H. Schafer, T. Smith, and J. Jacobsen as well as WSU Technical Assistants S. Schofstoll and C. Warriner for their excellent support. NR 43 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 98 IS 3 BP 389 EP 394 DI 10.1094/PDIS-04-13-0420-RE PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AB2AL UT WOS:000331595300014 ER PT J AU Wang, JW Zhu, DZ Liu, QZ Davis, RE Zhao, Y AF Wang, J. W. Zhu, D. Z. Liu, Q. Z. Davis, R. E. Zhao, Y. TI First Report of Sweet Cherry Virescence Disease in China and Its Association with Infection by a 'Candidatus Phytoplasma ziziphi'-Related Strain SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA C1 [Wang, J. W.; Zhu, D. Z.; Liu, Q. Z.] Shandong Inst Pomol, Key Lab Fruit Biotechnol Breeding Shandong Prov, Tai An 271000, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Davis, R. E.; Zhao, Y.] ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Wang, JW (reprint author), Shandong Inst Pomol, Key Lab Fruit Biotechnol Breeding Shandong Prov, Tai An 271000, Shandong, Peoples R China. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 98 IS 3 BP 419 EP 419 DI 10.1094/PDIS-07-13-0787-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AB2AL UT WOS:000331595300021 ER PT J AU Bansal, S Sheley, RL Blank, B Vasquez, EA AF Bansal, Sheel Sheley, Roger L. Blank, Bob Vasquez, Edward A. TI Plant litter effects on soil nutrient availability and vegetation dynamics: changes that occur when annual grasses invade shrub-steppe communities SO PLANT ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bromus tectorum; Climate; Plant-available nitrogen; Perennial bunchgrass; Pseudoroegneria spicata; Structural equation modeling ID CALIFORNIA ANNUAL GRASSLAND; ALTERS NITROGEN DYNAMICS; BROMUS-TECTORUM INVASION; GREAT-BASIN; ECOSYSTEM PROPERTIES; ARID GRASSLAND; LEAF-LITTER; DECOMPOSITION; MANIPULATION; RESPONSES AB Changes in the quantity and quality of plant litter occur in many ecosystems as they are invaded by exotic species, which impact soil nutrient cycling and plant community composition. Such changes in sagebrush-steppe communities are occurring with invasion of annual grasses (AG) into a perennial grass (PG) dominated system. We conducted a 5-year litter manipulation study located in the northern Great Basin, USA. Springtime litter was partially or completely removed in three communities with differing levels of invasion (invaded, mixed, and native) to determine how litter removal and litter biomass affected plant-available soil N and plant community composition. Litter biomass (prior to the removal treatment) was negatively correlated with plant-available N in the invaded community, but was positively correlated in the native community. Plant-available N had greater intra- and inter-annual fluctuations in the invaded compared to the mixed or native communities, but was not generally affected by removal treatments. Litter removal had negative effects on AG cover during a warm/dry year and negative effects on PG cover during a cool/wet year in the mixed community. Overall, the effectiveness of springtime litter manipulations on plant-available N were limited and weather dependent, and only removal treatments > 75 % had effects on the plant community. Our study demonstrates how communities invaded by AGs have significantly increased temporal variability in nutrient cycling, which may decrease ecosystem stability. Further, we found that the ecological impacts from litter manipulation on sagebrush communities were dependent on the extent of AG invasion, the timing of removal, and seasonal precipitation. C1 [Bansal, Sheel; Sheley, Roger L.] USDA ARS, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR 97720 USA. [Blank, Bob] USDA ARS, Great Basin Rangeland Res Unit, Reno, NV 89512 USA. [Vasquez, Edward A.] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Forestry & Wildland Resources, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. RP Bansal, S (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Olympia Forestry Sci Lab, Pacific Northwest Res Stn, 3625 93rd Ave SW, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. EM sheelbansal9@gmail.com OI Bansal, Sheel/0000-0003-1233-1707 FU USDA-Agricultural Research Service Areawide Project for Ecologically-based Invasive Plant Management of Annual Grasses in the Great Basin Ecosystem FX We thank B. Mackey for statistical advice and numerous field technicians, particularly B. Bingham, for assistance in the field. This research was funded through the USDA-Agricultural Research Service Areawide Project for Ecologically-based Invasive Plant Management of Annual Grasses in the Great Basin Ecosystem. NR 51 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 6 U2 74 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1385-0237 EI 1573-5052 J9 PLANT ECOL JI Plant Ecol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 215 IS 3 BP 367 EP 378 DI 10.1007/s11258-014-0307-1 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA AB7OV UT WOS:000331981200010 ER PT J AU Sarath, G Baird, LM Mitchell, RB AF Sarath, Gautam Baird, Lisa M. Mitchell, Robert B. TI Senescence, dormancy and tillering in perennial C-4 grasses SO PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE Dormancy; Molecular mechanisms; Temperate C-4 grasses; Senescence; Switchgrass; Winter survival ID PANICUM-VIRGATUM L.; EXPRESSED SEQUENCE TAGS; BUD DORMANCY; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; LEAF SENESCENCE; FUNCTIONAL-CHARACTERIZATION; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION; BRACHYPODIUM-DISTACHYON; BIOMASS PRODUCTION; TEMPERATE GRASSES AB Perennial, temperate, C-4 grasses, such as switchgrass and miscanthus have been tabbed as sources of herbaceous biomass for the production of green fuels and chemicals based on a number of positive agronomic traits. Although there is important literature on the management of these species for biomass production on marginal lands, numerous aspects of their biology are as yet unexplored at the molecular level. Perenniality, a key agronomic trait, is a function of plant dormancy and winter survival of the below-ground parts of the plants. These include the crowns, rhizomes and meristems that will produce tillers. Maintaining meristem viability is critical for the continued survival of the plants. Plant tillers emerge from the dormant crown and rhizome meristems at the start of the growing period in the spring, progress through a phase of vegetative growth, followed by flowering and eventually undergo senescence. There is nutrient mobilization from the aerial portions of the plant to the crowns and rhizomes during tiller senescence. Signals arising from the shoots and from the environment can be expected to be integrated as the plants enter into dormancy. Plant senescence and dormancy have been well studied in several dicot species and offer a potential framework to understand these processes in temperate C-4 perennial grasses. The availability of latitudinally adapted populations for switchgrass presents an opportunity to dissect molecular mechanisms that can impact senescence, dormancy and winter survival. Given the large increase in genomic and other resources for switchgrass, it is anticipated that projected molecular studies with switchgrass will have a broader impact on related species. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Sarath, Gautam; Mitchell, Robert B.] ARS, USDA, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Sarath, Gautam; Mitchell, Robert B.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Baird, Lisa M.] Univ San Diego, Dept Biol, San Diego, CA 92110 USA. RP Sarath, G (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, 137 Keim Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM Gautam.Sarath@ars.usda.gov; Baird@sandiego.edu; Rob.Mitchell@ars.usda.gov FU Office of Science (BER), U.S. Department of Energy Grant Number [DE-AI02-09ER64829]; USDA-NIFA [2011-67009-30096]; USDA-ARS CRIS [5440-21000-030-00D] FX We thank Dr. Han Chen at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln Microscopy Core Facility for help with the SEM pictures. This work was supported in part by the Office of Science (BER), U.S. Department of Energy Grant Number DE-AI02-09ER64829, USDA-NIFA Grant Number 2011-67009-30096, and by the USDA-ARS CRIS project 5440-21000-030-00D. The U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer and all agency services are available without discrimination. Mention of commercial products and organizations in this manuscript is solely to provide specific information. It does not constitute endorsement by USDA-ARS over other products and organizations not mentioned. NR 127 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 68 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0168-9452 J9 PLANT SCI JI Plant Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 217 BP 140 EP 151 DI 10.1016/j.plantsci.2013.12.012 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA AB3GI UT WOS:000331678900017 PM 24467906 ER PT J AU Moseley, C Charnley, S AF Moseley, Cassandra Charnley, Susan TI Understanding micro-processes of institutionalization: stewardship contracting and national forest management SO POLICY SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Policy implementation; Political change; Institutions; Institutionalism; Stewardship contracting; Forest Service; Actors AB This paper examines micro-processes of institutionalization, using the case of stewardship contracting within the US Forest Service. Our basic premise is that, until a new policy becomes an everyday practice among local actors, it will not become institutionalized at the macro-scale. We find that micro-processes of institutionalization are driven by a mixture of large-scale institutional dynamics and how frontline decision-makers understand and interpret these dynamics, given the local social and ecological context in which they operate. For example, this paper suggests that a new policy may become institutionalized when it is understood to solve problems that old institutions at once create and demand to be solved. Agency actors cannot be conceptualized as untethered from the institutions in which they operate. Yet, within larger institutional dynamics, field personnel make key choices about whether to adopt a new policy, making them important players in the micro-processes of policy institutionalization. The interplay of actors and institutions turns agencies, such as the Forest Service, into complex systems that cannot be understood as artifacts of their own history or as a sum of the decisions of individual actors. This dynamic also implies that macro-level institutional change will be uneven, incomplete, and gradual, mirroring uneven, contingent micro-level processes. C1 [Moseley, Cassandra] 5247 Univ Oregon, Inst Sustainable Environm, Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Charnley, Susan] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacif NW Res Stn, Portland, OR 97205 USA. RP Moseley, C (reprint author), 5247 Univ Oregon, Inst Sustainable Environm, Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. EM cmoseley@uoregon.edu NR 64 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 18 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-2687 EI 1573-0891 J9 POLICY SCI JI Policy Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 47 IS 1 BP 69 EP 98 DI 10.1007/s11077-013-9190-1 PG 30 WC Planning & Development; Public Administration; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Public Administration; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA AB2SS UT WOS:000331643000004 ER PT J AU Niu, ZX Puri, KD Chao, SM Jin, Y Sun, YL Steffenson, BJ Maan, SS Xu, SS Zhong, SB AF Niu, Zhixia Puri, Krishna D. Chao, Shiaoman Jin, Yue Sun, Yongliang Steffenson, Brian J. Maan, Shivcharan S. Xu, Steven S. Zhong, Shaobin TI Genetic analysis and molecular mapping of crown rust resistance in common wheat SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L.; SEQUENCE REPEAT MARKERS; PUCCINIA-CORONATA; NONHOST RESISTANCE; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; BREAD WHEAT; AGRONOMIC TRAITS; STRIPE RUST; US WHEAT; D-GENOME AB Key Message This is the first report on genetic analysis and genome mapping of major dominant genes for near non-host resistance to barley crown rust ( Puccinia coronata var. hordei ) in common wheat. Barley crown rust, caused by Puccinia coronata var. hordei, primarily occurs on barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in the Great Plain regions of the United States. However, a few genotypes of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were susceptible to this pathogen among 750 wheat accessions evaluated. To investigate the genetics of crown rust resistance in wheat, a susceptible winter wheat accession PI 350005 was used in crosses with two resistant wheat varieties, Chinese Spring and Chris. Analysis of F-1 plants and F-2 populations from these two crosses indicated that crown rust resistance is controlled by one and two dominant genes in Chris and Chinese Spring, respectively. To determine the chromosome location of the resistance gene Cr1 in Chris, a set of 21 monosomic lines derived from Chris was used as female parents to cross with a susceptible spring type selection (SSTS35) derived from the PI 350005/Chris cross. Monosomic analysis indicated that Cr1 is located on chromosome 5D in Chris and one of the crown rust resistance genes is located on chromosome 2D in Chinese Spring. The other gene in Chinese Spring is not on 5D and thus is different from Cr1. Molecular linkage analysis and QTL mapping using a population of 136 doubled haploid lines derived from Chris/PI 350005 further positioned Cr1 between SSR markers Xwmc41-2 and Xgdm63 located on the long arm of chromosome 5D. Our study suggests that near non-host resistance to crown rust in these different common wheat genotypes is simply inherited. C1 [Niu, Zhixia; Chao, Shiaoman; Xu, Steven S.] USDA ARS, Cereal Crops Res Unit, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Puri, Krishna D.; Sun, Yongliang; Zhong, Shaobin] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Jin, Yue] Univ Minnesota, USDA, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Steffenson, Brian J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Maan, Shivcharan S.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. RP Zhong, SB (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. EM shaobin.zhong@ndsu.edu OI Steffenson, Brian/0000-0001-7961-5363 NR 50 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 EI 1432-2242 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 127 IS 3 BP 609 EP 619 DI 10.1007/s00122-013-2245-z PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA AB7IG UT WOS:000331962400008 PM 24306320 ER PT J AU Whitley, NC Oh, SH Lee, SJ Schoenian, S Kaplan, RM Storey, B Terrill, TH Mobini, S Burke, JM Miller, JE Perdue, MA AF Whitley, N. C. Oh, S. -H. Lee, S. J. Schoenian, S. Kaplan, R. M. Storey, B. Terrill, T. H. Mobini, S. Burke, J. M. Miller, J. E. Perdue, M. A. TI Impact of integrated gastrointestinal nematode management training for US goat and sheep producers SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Gastrointestinal nematodes; Integrated parasite management; Small ruminants ID SMALL RUMINANTS; UNITED-STATES; RESISTANCE AB The objective of this study was to determine the impact of integrated parasite management (IPM) training, including FAMACHA (R) eyelid color scoring, on the ability of U.S. sheep and goat producers to control gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) on their farms. A survey was developed and provided to over 2000 producers trained from 2004 to 2008 in IPM with questions involving farm size (number of sheep/goats), location (U.S. state), impact of training on parasite control efforts and parasite problems on farm, and IPM practices used. Responses were divided into U.S. Census regions of the U.S. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used to describe results. Most of the 729 respondents were from the southern region of the U.S. (54.3%) and were small-scale producers (50 or less animals; 64.8%). Nearly all of the respondents (95.1%) agreed that IPM workshop attendance made a difference in their ability to control and monitor parasitism in their herd or flock and employed IPM practices to control GIN (96.3%). The most popular practices respondents used were rotational grazing (71.2%), genetic selection (choosing a parasite resistant breed and/or culling susceptible animals; 52.7%), grain supplementation on pasture to improve nutrition (44.0%), and increased height of plants being grazed (41.8%). Although reporting using a practice decreased (P < 0.05) the likelihood of reporting fewer problems, for each 1-point increase in the number of practices which producers employed to control internal parasitism in their herd or flock, they were 16% more likely to report fewer GIN problems (P < 0.05). Approximately 75% of respondents indicated an economic benefit of IPM on their farm (P < 0.05), and those reporting savings of over $80 were more likely to report fewer problems (P < 0.05) with parasites after the training while those reporting no economic benefit were less likely to report fewer problems with GIN (P < 0.001). Overall, IPM training resulted in positive impacts for producers responding to the survey and should continue. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Whitley, N. C.; Oh, S. -H.; Lee, S. J.] North Carolina Agr & Tech State Univ, Greensboro, NC 27420 USA. [Schoenian, S.; Perdue, M. A.] Univ Maryland Extens, Keedysville, MD USA. [Schoenian, S.; Perdue, M. A.] Univ Maryland Extens, Princess Anne, MD USA. [Kaplan, R. M.; Storey, B.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Terrill, T. H.; Mobini, S.] Ft Valley State Univ, Ft Valley, GA USA. [Burke, J. M.] USDA ARS, Booneville, AR USA. [Miller, J. E.] Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Whitley, NC (reprint author), North Carolina Agr & Tech State Univ, POB 21928, Greensboro, NC 27420 USA. EM ncwhitle@ag.ncat.edu OI Storey, Bob/0000-0003-0338-8146 FU 1890 Extension Formula Grant funds FX This work was supported in part by 1890 Extension Formula Grant funds provided to The Cooperative Extension Program at North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University. The authors acknowledge contributions of IPM trainers and members of the American Consortium for Small Ruminant Parasite Control. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 EI 1873-2550 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 200 IS 3-4 BP 271 EP 275 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.10.029 PG 5 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA AB3BB UT WOS:000331665200007 PM 24439849 ER PT J AU Chahor, Y Casali, J Gimenez, R Bingner, RL Campo, MA Goni, M AF Chahor, Y. Casali, J. Gimenez, R. Bingner, R. L. Campo, M. A. Goni, M. TI Evaluation of the AnnAGNPS model for predicting runoff and sediment yield in a small Mediterranean agricultural watershed in Navarre (Spain) SO AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Watershed modelling; Soil erosion; AnnAGNPS calibration and validation; Mediterranean agriculture ID NONPOINT-SOURCE POLLUTION; SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS; EROSION; SOIL; SIMULATION; QUALITY; CREEK AB AnnAGNPS (Annualized Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution Model) is a computer model developed to predict non-point source pollutant loadings within agricultural watersheds. It contains a daily time step distributed parameter continuous simulation surface runoff model designed to assist with determining Best Management Practices (BMPs), the setting of Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs), and for risk and cost/benefit analyses. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the capabilities of the model to simulate runoff and sediment loads in a small Mediterranean agricultural watershed (207 ha) located in the region of Navarre (Spain) using nine years of continuous data monitoring. Data for the first five years (2003-2007) were used for calibration and the remaining four years (2008-2011) for validation. No significant channel erosion nor in-stream structures were identified within this small and homogeneous watershed. Thus the set of models for analysing stream networks and corridors were not considered in this study. Firstly, AnnAGNPS was calibrated for runoff by modifying Curve Number values for different stages of the main crops. Results showed that the model satisfactory simulated surface runoff at monthly, seasonal and annual scales both in calibration and in validation processes. A Differential Sensitivity Analysis (DSA) was carried out to evaluate the sensitivity of eight input parameters for sediment load prediction. Based on DSA results, the AnnAGNPS model was calibrated for sediment load simulation. The model was capable of simulating the sediment load at an annual scale with a difference of less than 1% for calibration and 7% for validation. However, the results at monthly and seasonal scale were less precise. The use of stream networks and corridors models, already inserted in the system of computer models that make up AnnAGNPS, seem to be necessary for a more precise explanation of sediment yields and loads at monthly and seasonal scales, even for small watersheds. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Chahor, Y.; Casali, J.; Gimenez, R.; Campo, M. A.; Goni, M.] Univ Publ Navarra, Dept Projects & Rural Engn, Pamplona 31006, Navarre, Spain. [Bingner, R. L.] ARS, USDA, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Chahor, Y (reprint author), Univ Publ Navarra, Dept Projects & Rural Engn, Campus Arrosadia S-N, Pamplona 31006, Navarre, Spain. EM ychahor@yahoo.com RI Campo-Bescos, Miguel Angel/P-1849-2016; feng, yongzhong/F-5090-2012 OI Campo-Bescos, Miguel Angel/0000-0002-0435-3765; feng, yongzhong/0000-0002-5202-4368 FU Spanish Government's National Scientific Research, Development and Technological Innovation Plan [CGL2007-63453, CGL 2011-24336]; Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation FX This study was partly funded by the Spanish Government's National Scientific Research, Development and Technological Innovation Plan (projects CGL2007-63453 and CGL 2011-24336). In addition to Predoctoral Research Grants of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation. The authors also acknowledge the generous contribution of the Department of Rural Development and Environment and Local Administration of the Government of Navarre (Spain), mainly through the invaluable support of Mr. Jokin Del Valle de Lersundi. NR 58 TC 21 Z9 24 U1 6 U2 67 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3774 EI 1873-2283 J9 AGR WATER MANAGE JI Agric. Water Manage. PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 134 BP 24 EP 37 DI 10.1016/j.agwat.2013.11.014 PG 14 WC Agronomy; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Water Resources GA AA9LX UT WOS:000331416100003 ER PT J AU Jenkins, MB Truman, CC Franklin, DH Potter, TL Bosch, DD Strickland, TC Nuti, RC AF Jenkins, M. B. Truman, C. C. Franklin, D. H. Potter, T. L. Bosch, D. D. Strickland, T. C. Nuti, R. C. TI Fecal bacterial losses in runoff from conventional and no-till pearl millet fertilized with broiler litter SO AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Water quality; Fecal bacteria; E. coli; Salmonella; Watering-in ID ANTECEDENT WATER-CONTENT; COASTAL-PLAIN; SIMULATED RAINFALL; SOUTHERN PIEDMONT; SEX-HORMONES; SOIL; SEDIMENT; IMPACT; IRRIGATION; SALMONELLA AB Georgia farmers are increasing preemergence applications of soil residual herbicides to control glyphosate resistant weeds. To improve efficacy these herbicides are often activated by post-application irrigation. Broiler litter is commonly applied to fields before these herbicides. The herbicide wetting-in practice increases surface soil water content and may increase runoff and transport of broiler litter borne fecal bacteria into surface waters during subsequent storm events. Our objective was to determine differences in loads of fecal bacteria, Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp., in runoff from conventional tillage (CT) and no-till (NT) systems after herbicides were watered into an Ultisol fertilized with broiler litter. On replicated 6 m(2)-plots (n=3) simulated rainfall was applied for 70 min with composite runoff samples collected every 5 min and analyzed for E. coli and Salmonella spp. Although total runoff volume from the CT plots was significantly greater than from NT plots, no significant differences in total load of E. coli and Salmonella or the percent of total loads of E. coli and Salmonella recovered in runoff between tillage systems were observed. Total percentage of Salmonella recovered in runoff from both tillage systems was, however, four log(10) orders of magnitude greater than the percentage of E. coli that was recovered. Difference in percentage recovered between the fecal indicator bacterium, E. coli, and the pathogen, Salmonella, underscores an apparent difference in hydrologic transport characteristics of these two fecal bacteria and casts doubts on the efficacy of E. coli as an indicator of risk to public health. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Jenkins, M. B.] ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, USDA, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. [Truman, C. C.] Syngenta Crop Protect LLC, Greensboro, NC 27419 USA. [Franklin, D. H.] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Potter, T. L.; Bosch, D. D.; Strickland, T. C.] ARS, Southeast Watershed Res Lab, USDA, Tifton, GA 31792 USA. [Nuti, R. C.] Dow Agrosci, Dawson, GA 39842 USA. RP Jenkins, MB (reprint author), ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, USDA, POB 1157, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. EM micheal.jenkins@ars.usda.gov OI Potter, Thomas/0000-0003-2663-0054 FU USDA-Agricultural Research Service; University of Georgia Coastal Plain Experiment Station FX The USDA-Agricultural Research Service and the University of Georgia Coastal Plain Experiment Station supported this work. USDA employees Ricky Fletcher, Coby Smith, Margie Whittle, Lorine Lewis, Jess Bolton, Bobby Hagler, Corey Collins, Bryant Luke, Clay Lott, and Shaheen Humayoun provided expert technical assistance. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3774 EI 1873-2283 J9 AGR WATER MANAGE JI Agric. Water Manage. PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 134 BP 38 EP 41 DI 10.1016/j.agwat.2013.11.013 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Water Resources GA AA9LX UT WOS:000331416100004 ER PT J AU Eckerstorfer, M Farnsworth, WR Birkeland, KW AF Eckerstorfer, Markus Farnsworth, Wesley R. Birkeland, Karl W. TI Potential dry slab avalanche trigger zones on wind-affected slopes in central Svalbard SO COLD REGIONS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Spatial variability; Wind-affected slopes; Dry slab avalanche trigger points; Svalbard; High arctic ID SPATIAL VARIABILITY; SNOWPACK PROPERTIES; STABILITY; DYNAMICS AB Experience suggests that shallow, steep zones on slopes are potential dry slab avalanche trigger points. However, a scientific understanding of this common knowledge is not well quantified due to the spatial variability of snowpack stability, which is governed by various internal and external processes. Currently, the best way to investigate these processes is through point stability testing on small slopes. We thus performed Compression and Extended Column Tests (CTs and ECTs) on three small, wind-affected alpine slopes in central Svalbard. While one study slope (Gangskaret) had smooth ground topography, the other two (Fardalen and Larsbreen) exhibited irregular, rugged ground topography. Our results show that weak layer reactivity was largely influenced by the ground topography, as snow depth is a function of terrain on wind-affected slopes. Slab thickness determines weak layer sensitivity where the ground topography is rugged. Thus, the most unstable spots on these slopes coincided with the shallower zones characteristic of steeper ground surfaces inclinations where the snowpack is thin and the weak layers are close to the surface. This was not as pronounced on slopes with smooth ground topography. However, as snowpack develops and thickens to a "snow depth threshold X", the ground irregularities are leveled out and their influence diminishes. Thus, knowing the terrain is crucial. Moreover, it is crucial to follow the seasonal snowpack development and extreme weather events that influence it. We found inverse relationships between stability and slab thickness for weak layers that developed early in the season. These early instabilities displayed discontinuity due to melt out over topographic highs during rain-on-snow events, but were left in a preserved state in topographic lows that became overlain by shielding refrozen meltform layers. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Eckerstorfer, Markus; Farnsworth, Wesley R.] Univ Ctr, Arctic Geol Dept, Svalbard, Norway. [Eckerstorfer, Markus] Northern Res Inst Norut, N-9294 Tromso, Norway. [Farnsworth, Wesley R.] Univ Oslo, Dept Geosci, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. [Birkeland, Karl W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Natl Avalanche Ctr, Bozeman, MT USA. RP Eckerstorfer, M (reprint author), Northern Res Inst Norut, POB 6434,Tromso Sci Pk, N-9294 Tromso, Norway. EM markus.eckerstorfer@norut.no OI Eckerstorfer, Markus/0000-0002-4997-9593 FU Svalbard Science Forum Arctic Field Grants FX This research was funded by Svalbard Science Forum Arctic Field Grants. We would like to acknowledge the fieldwork help by Graham Gilbert, Tigger Knecht, Cutter Buck, Dominic Weiss, Christian Engelke, Ulli Neumann and Joar Vaardal-Lunde. We further thank Florian Eckerstorfer for the help with trigonometry. We acknowledge the constructive and good comments by two anonymous reviewers and the editor Jurg Schweizer, who helped improve this paper significantly. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-232X EI 1872-7441 J9 COLD REG SCI TECHNOL JI Cold Reg. Sci. Tech. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 99 BP 66 EP 77 DI 10.1016/j.coldregions.2013.12.005 PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA AA9KP UT WOS:000331412700006 ER PT J AU Bandrick, M Ariza-Nieto, C Baidoo, SK Molitor, TW AF Bandrick, Meggan Ariza-Nieto, Claudia Baidoo, Samuel K. Molitor, Thomas W. TI Colostral antibody-mediated and cell-mediated immunity contributes to innate and antigen-specific immunity in piglets SO DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Colostrum; T lymphocyte; Passive transfer; Maternally derived immunity; Neonate; Swine ID DELTA-T-CELLS; NATURAL-KILLER-CELLS; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; MYCOPLASMA-HYOPNEUMONIAE; FLOW-CYTOMETRY; MAMMARY SECRETIONS; MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; SMALL-INTESTINE; NEONATAL CALF; HUMAN-MILK AB Immunoglobulins and immune cells are critical components of colostral immunity; however, their transfer to and function in the neonate, especially maternal lymphocytes, is unclear. Cell-mediated and antibody-mediated immunity in sow blood and colostrum and piglet blood before (PS) and after (AS) suckling were assessed to investigate transfer and function of maternal immunity in the piglet. CD4, CD8, and gamma(delta) lymphocytes were found in sow blood and colostrum and piglet blood PS and AS; each had a unique T lymphocyte profile. Immunoglobulins were detected in sow blood, colostrum, and in piglet blood AS; the immunoglobulin profile of piglet serum AS mimicked that of sow serum. These results suggest selectivity in lymphocyte concentration into colostrum and subsequent lymphocyte transfer into the neonate, but that immunoglobulin transfer is unimpeded. Assessment of colostral natural killer activity and antigen-specific proliferation revealed that colostral cells are capable of influencing the innate and specific immune response of neonatal pigs. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Bandrick, Meggan; Molitor, Thomas W.] Univ Minnesota, Coll Vet Med, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Ariza-Nieto, Claudia; Baidoo, Samuel K.] Univ Minnesota, Southern Res & Outreach Ctr, Coll Vet Med, Waseca, MN 56093 USA. RP Bandrick, M (reprint author), ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM bandrick@umn.edu; cariza@corpoica.org.co; skbaidoo@umn.edu; molit001@umn.edu FU NIH [T32 DA07097] FX The authors would like to thank Dr. Mike Olin for assistance with flow cytometry, Dr. Alejandrina Da Silva for the mycoplasma antibody quantitation, and Dr. Brian Lee and Immunochemistry Technologies, LLC for assistance with ELISA setup and generous donation of ELISA reagents. The authors gratefully acknowledge the staff of the University of Minnesota, Southern Research and Outreach Center, for their help during sampling sessions. MB was in part supported from NIH T32 DA07097. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 55 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 5 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0145-305X EI 1879-0089 J9 DEV COMP IMMUNOL JI Dev. Comp. Immunol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 43 IS 1 BP 114 EP 120 DI 10.1016/j.dci.2013.11.005 PG 7 WC Immunology; Zoology SC Immunology; Zoology GA AB0KE UT WOS:000331479800015 PM 24252519 ER PT J AU Kingsley, DH Li, XH Chen, HQ AF Kingsley, David H. Li, Xinhui Chen, Haiqiang TI Temperature Effects for High-Pressure Processing of Picornaviruses SO FOOD AND ENVIRONMENTAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE High-pressure processing; Picornavirus; Temperature; pH ID HEPATITIS-A VIRUS; HIGH HYDROSTATIC-PRESSURE; HUMAN NOROVIRUS; INACTIVATION; OYSTERS; CALICIVIRUS; SURROGATE AB Investigation of the effects of pre-pressurization temperature on the high-pressure inactivation for single strains of aichivirus (AiV), coxsackievirus A9 (CAV9) and B5 (CBV5) viruses, as well as human parechovirus-1 (HPeV) was performed. For CAV9, an average 1.99 log(10) greater inactivation was observed at 4 A degrees C after a 400-MPa-5-min treatments compared to 20 A degrees C treatments. For CBV5, an average of 2.54 log(10) greater inactivation was noted after 600-MPa-10-min treatments at 4 A degrees C in comparison to 20 A degrees C treatments. In contrast, inactivation was reduced by an average of 1.59 log(10) at 4 A degrees C for HPeV. AiV was resistant to pressure treatments of 600 MPa for as long as 15 min at 4, 20, and 30 A degrees C temperatures. Thus, different pre-pressurization temperatures result in different inactivation effects for picornaviruses. C1 [Kingsley, David H.] Delaware State Univ, Food Safety & Intervent Technol Res Unit, ARS, USDA,James WW Baker Ctr, Dover, DE 19901 USA. [Li, Xinhui; Chen, Haiqiang] Univ Delaware, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RP Kingsley, DH (reprint author), Delaware State Univ, Food Safety & Intervent Technol Res Unit, ARS, USDA,James WW Baker Ctr, Dover, DE 19901 USA. EM David.Kingsley@ars.usda.gov OI Li, Xinhui/0000-0003-1568-1999 NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1867-0334 EI 1867-0342 J9 FOOD ENVIRON VIROL JI Food Environ. Virol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 6 IS 1 BP 58 EP 61 DI 10.1007/s12560-013-9131-3 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Microbiology; Virology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology; Virology GA AB2KS UT WOS:000331622200007 PM 24271409 ER PT J AU Shin, DJ Choi, I Yokoyama, WH Kim, MJ Kim, Y AF Shin, Doo-Jee Choi, Induck Yokoyama, Wallace H. Kim, Mi-Ja Kim, Yookyung TI Decreased fat accumulation in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes treated with extracts of heat-processed soy flour and breads SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; TOTAL PHENOLICS; SOYBEANS; RECEPTOR; COOKING; ACID; ISOFLAVONES; PROTEINS; FOODS; RATS C1 [Shin, Doo-Jee; Kim, Yookyung] Korea Univ, Grad Sch, Dept Home Econ, Seoul 136701, South Korea. [Choi, Induck] Rural Dev Adm, Natl Inst Crop Sci, Iksan 570080, South Korea. [Yokoyama, Wallace H.] ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Kim, Mi-Ja] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Inst Life Sci, Suwon 440746, South Korea. RP Kim, MJ (reprint author), Sungkyunkwan Univ, Inst Life Sci, Suwon 440746, South Korea. EM mijakim71@nate.com; yookyung_kim@korea.ac.kr NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0950-5423 EI 1365-2621 J9 INT J FOOD SCI TECH JI Int. J. Food Sci. Technol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 49 IS 3 BP 759 EP 767 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AA8QB UT WOS:000331358900015 ER PT J AU Tomasula, PM Renye, JA Van Hekken, DL Tunick, MH Kwoczak, R Toht, M Leggett, LN Luchansky, JB Porto-Fett, ACS Phillips, JG AF Tomasula, P. M. Renye, J. A. Van Hekken, D. L. Tunick, M. H. Kwoczak, R. Toht, M. Leggett, L. N. Luchansky, J. B. Porto-Fett, A. C. S. Phillips, J. G. TI Effect of high-pressure processing on reduction of Listeria monocytogenes in packaged Queso Fresco SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE high-pressure processing; Queso Fresco; Listeria monocytogenes; microbial inactivation ID HIGH HYDROSTATIC-PRESSURE; RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES; FOOD QUALITY; SHELF-LIFE; CHEESE; MILK; INACTIVATION; GROWTH; HEAT; TEMPERATURE AB The effect of high-hydrostatic-pressure processing (HPP) on the survival of a 5-strain rifampicin-resistant cocktail of Listeria monocytogenes in Queso Fresco (QF) was evaluated as a postpackaging intervention. Queso Fresco was made using pasteurized, homogenized milk, and was starter-free and not pressed. In phase 1, QF slices (12.7 x 7.6 x 1 cm), weighing from 52 to 66 g, were surface inoculated with L. monocytogenes (ca. 5.0 log(10) cfu/g) and individually double vacuum packaged. The slices were then warmed to either 20 or 40 degrees C and HPP treated at 200, 400, and 600 MPa for hold times of 5, 10, 15, or 20 mm. Treatment at 600 MPa was most effective in reducing L. monocytogenes to below the detection level of 0.91 log(10) cfu/g at all hold times and temperatures. High-hydrostatic-pressure processing at 40 degrees C, 400 MPa, and hold time >= 15 min was effective but resulted in wheying-off and textural changes. In phase 2, L. monocytogenes was inoculated either on the slices (ca. 5.0 log(10) cfu/g; ON) or in the curds (ca. 7.0 log(10) cfu/g; IN) before the cheese block was formed and sliced. The slices were treated at 20 degrees C and 600 MPa at hold times of 3, 10, and 20 mm, and then stored at 4 and 10 degrees C for 60 d. For both treatments, L. monocytogenes became less resistant to pressure as hold time increased, with greater percentages of injured cells at 3 and 10 mm than at 20 min, at which the lethality of the process increased. For the IN treatment, with hold times of 3 and 10 mm, growth of L. monocytogenes increased the first week of storage, but was delayed for 1 wk, with a hold time of 20 min. Longer lag times in growth of L. monocytogenes during storage at 4 degrees C were observed for the ON treatment at hold times of 10 and 20 min, indicating that the IN treatment may have provided a more protective environment with less injury to the cells than the ON treatment. Similarly, HPP treatment for 10 min followed by storage at 4 degrees C was the best method for suppressing the growth of the endogenous microflora with bacterial counts remaining below the level of detection for 2 out of the 3 QF samples for up to 84 d. Lag times in growth were not observed during storage of QF at 10 degrees C. Although HPP reduced L. monocytogenes immediately after processing, a second preservation technique is necessary to control growth of L. monocytogenes during cold storage. However, the results also showed that HPP would be effective for slowing the growth of microorganisms that can shorten the shelf life of QF. C1 [Tomasula, P. M.; Renye, J. A.; Van Hekken, D. L.; Tunick, M. H.; Kwoczak, R.; Toht, M.] ARS, Dairy & Funct Foods Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Leggett, L. N.] Smithfield Foods Inc, Smithfield, VA 23430 USA. [Luchansky, J. B.; Porto-Fett, A. C. S.] ARS, Food Safety & Intervent Technol Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Phillips, J. G.] ARS, Off Area Director, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Tomasula, PM (reprint author), ARS, Dairy & Funct Foods Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM peggy.tomasula@ars.usda.gov RI Tunick, Michael/C-9761-2010 FU Dairy Management Inc. FX The authors thank Douglas Soroka for assistance with the scanning electron microscopy studies, Sudarsan Mukhopadhyay for assistance, Andrew McAloon for cost studies, Winnie Yee (all from the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, Wyndmoor, PA) for assistance with the figures, and Nana Farkye (Dairy Products Technology Center, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo) for advice on the cheese-making procedure. This research was funded in part by Dairy Management Inc. and administered by the Dairy Research Institute (Rosemont, IL) through Agreement No. 58-1935-9-908. NR 48 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 37 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 EI 1525-3198 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 97 IS 3 BP 1281 EP 1295 DI 10.3168/jds.2013-7538 PG 15 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA AB0PS UT WOS:000331495200010 PM 24440267 ER PT J AU Goff, JP Liesegang, A Horst, RL AF Goff, J. P. Liesegang, A. Horst, R. L. TI Diet-induced pseudohypoparathyroidism: A hypocalcemia and milk fever risk factor SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE milk fever; pseudohypoparathyroid; dietary cation-anion difference ID CATION-ANION DIFFERENCE; PREPARTUM DAIRY-COWS; PARATHYROID-HORMONE; PARTURIENT PARESIS; CALCIUM MOBILIZATION; METABOLIC-ACIDOSIS; VITAMIN-D; JERSEY COWS; 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN-D; PREVENTION AB Subclinical hypocalcemia may affect half of all multiparous cows, and clinical hypocalcemia or milk fever affects approximately 5% of dairy cows each year. This disorder of calcium homeostasis can be induced by several dietary factors. Recent studies implicate high dietary potassium and high dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD) with increased risk of milk fever. The hypothesis tested in this study was that high-DCAD diets fed to prepartum cows reduce tissue sensitivity to parathyroid hormone (PTH), inducing a pseudohypoparathyroid state that diminishes calcium homeostatic responses. Multiparous Jersey cows were fed low- or high-DCAD diets in late gestation, creating a compensated metabolic alkalosis in the high-DCAD cows and a compensated metabolic acidosis in the low-DCAD cows. They then received synthetic PTH injections at 3-h intervals for 48 h. Parathyroid hormone is expected to cause an increase in plasma calcium by increasing renal production of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and increasing bone calcium resorption. Plasma calcium concentration increased at a significantly lower rate in cows fed the high-DCAD diet. Cows fed the high-DCAD diet also produced significantly less 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in response to the PTH injections than cows fed the low-DCAD diet. Serum concentrations of the bone resorption marker carboxyterminal telopeptide of type I collagen were numerically lower in cows fed the high-DCAD diet but this difference was not statistically significant. These data provide direct evidence that high-DCAD diets reduce tissue sensitivity to PTH. The metabolic alkalosis associated with high-DCAD diets likely induces a state of pseudohypoparathyroidism in some dairy cows at the onset of lactation, resulting in hypocalcemia and milk fever. C1 [Goff, J. P.; Horst, R. L.] ARS, Periparturient Dis Cattle Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Liesegang, A.] Univ Zurich, Vetsuisse Fac, Inst Anim Nutr, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. RP Goff, JP (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM jpgoff@iastate.edu NR 43 TC 12 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 EI 1525-3198 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 97 IS 3 BP 1520 EP 1528 DI 10.3168/jds.2013-7467 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA AB0PS UT WOS:000331495200033 PM 24418271 ER PT J AU Coblentz, WK Brink, GE Hoffman, PC Esser, NM Bertram, MG AF Coblentz, W. K. Brink, G. E. Hoffman, P. C. Esser, N. M. Bertram, M. G. TI Fall-grown oat to extend the fall grazing season for replacement dairy heifers SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE dairy heifer; fall-grown oat; stockpiled forage; water-soluble carbohydrates ID CEREAL-GRAIN FORAGES; HOLSTEIN HEIFERS; MAMMARY DEVELOPMENT; NUTRITIVE-VALUE; DRY-MATTER; PERFORMANCE; LACTATION; CULTIVARS; RATES; FIBER AB Our objective was to assess the pasture productivity and forage characteristics of 2 fall-grown oat (Avena sativa L.) cultivars, specifically for extending the grazing season and reducing reliance on harvested forages by replacement dairy heifers. A total of 160 gravid Holstein heifers (80 heifers/yr) were stratified by weight, and assigned to 1 of 10 identical research pens (8 heifers/pen). Initial body weights were 480 43.5 kg in 2011 and 509 +/- 39.4 kg in 2012. During both years of the trial, four 1.0-ha pasture replicates were seeded in August with Ogle oat (Schumitsch Seed Inc., Antigo, WI), and 4 separate, but similarly configured, pasture replicates were seeded with Forage Plus oat (Kratz Farms, Slinger, WI). Heifer groups were maintained as units, assigned to specific pastures, and then allowed to graze fall-oat pastures for 6 h daily before returning to the barn, where they were offered a forage-based basal total mixed ration. Two heifer groups were retained in confinement (without grazing) as controls and offered the identical total mixed ration as pasture groups. During 2011, available forage mass increased with strong linear and quadratic effects for both cultivars, peaking at almost 9 Mg/ha on October 31. In contrast, forage mass was not affected by evaluation date in 2012, remaining <= 2,639 kg/ha across all dates because of droughty climatic conditions. During 2012, Ogle exhibited greater forage mass than Forage Plus across all sampling dates (2,678 vs. 1,856 kg/ha), largely because of its more rapid maturation rate and greater canopy height. Estimates of energy density for oat forage ranged from 59.6 to 69.1% during 2011, and ranged narrowly from 68.4 to 70.4% during 2012. For 2011, responses for both cultivars had strong quadratic character, in which the most energy-dense forages occurred in mid November, largely due to accumulation of water-soluble carbohydrates that reached maximum concentrations of 18.2 and 15.1% for Forage Plus and Ogle, respectively. Across the 2-yr trial, average daily gain for grazing heifer groups tended to be greater than heifers remaining in confinement (0.85 vs. 0.74 kg/d), but both management strategies produced weight gains within reasonable proximity to normal targets for heifers in this weight range. Fall-grown oat should be managed as stockpiled forage for deferred grazing, and good utilization of fall-oat forage can be accomplished by a one-time removal of standing forage, facilitated by a single lead wire advanced daily to prevent waste. C1 [Coblentz, W. K.] ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. [Brink, G. E.] ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Hoffman, P. C.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Dairy Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Esser, N. M.] Univ Wisconsin Marshfield Agr Res Stn, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. [Bertram, M. G.] Univ Wisconsin Arlington Agr Res Stn, Arlington, WI 53911 USA. RP Coblentz, WK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. EM wayne.coblentz@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 EI 1525-3198 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 97 IS 3 BP 1645 EP 1660 DI 10.3168/jds.2013-7232 PG 16 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA AB0PS UT WOS:000331495200045 PM 24440262 ER PT J AU Gladue, DP O'Donnell, V Baker-Bransetter, R Pacheco, JM Holinka, LG Arzt, J Pauszek, S Fernandez-Sainz, I Fletcher, P Brocchi, E Lu, Z Rodriguez, LL Borca, MV AF Gladue, D. P. O'Donnell, V. Baker-Bransetter, R. Pacheco, J. M. Holinka, L. G. Arzt, J. Pauszek, S. Fernandez-Sainz, I. Fletcher, P. Brocchi, E. Lu, Z. Rodriguez, L. L. Borca, M. V. TI Interaction of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Nonstructural Protein 3A with Host Protein DCTN3 Is Important for Viral Virulence in Cattle SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID KIDNEY-CELL LINE; 2-HYBRID SYSTEM; TAIWANESE; DYNACTIN; DELETION; DYNEIN AB Nonstructural protein 3A of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is a partially conserved protein of 153 amino acids in most FMDVs examined to date. The role of 3A in virus growth and virulence within the natural host is not well understood. Using a yeast two-hybrid approach, we identified cellular protein DCTN3 as a specific host binding partner for 3A. DCTN3 is a subunit of the dynactin complex, a cofactor for dynein, a motor protein. The dynactin-dynein duplex has been implicated in several subcellular functions involving intracellular organelle transport. The 3A-DCTN3 interaction identified by the yeast two-hybrid approach was further confirmed in mammalian cells. Overexpression of DCTN3 or proteins known to disrupt dynein, p150/Glued and 50/dynamitin, resulted in decreased FMDV replication in infected cells. We mapped the critical amino acid residues in the 3A protein that mediate the protein interaction with DCTN3 by mutational analysis and, based on that information, we developed a mutant harboring the same mutations in O1 Campos FMDV (O1C3A-PLDGv). Although O1C3A-PLDGv FMDV and its parental virus (O1Cv) grew equally well in LFBK-alpha v beta 6, O1C3A-PLDGv virus exhibited a decreased ability to replicate in primary bovine cell cultures. Importantly, O1C3A-PLDGv virus exhibited a delayed disease in cattle compared to the virulent parental O1Campus (O1Cv). Virus isolated from lesions of animals inoculated with O1C3A-PLDGv virus contained amino acid substitutions in the area of 3A mediating binding to DCTN3. Importantly, 3A protein harboring similar amino acid substitutions regained interaction with DCTN3, supporting the hypothesis that DCTN3 interaction likely contributes to virulence in cattle. IMPORTANCE The objective of this study was to understand the possible role of a FMD virus protein 3A, in causing disease in cattle. We have found that the cellular protein, DCTN3, is a specific binding partner for 3A. It was shown that manipulation of DCTN3 has a profound effect in virus replication. We developed a FMDV mutant virus that could not bind DCTN3. This mutant virus exhibited a delayed disease in cattle compared to the parental strain highlighting the role of the 3A-DCTN3 interaction in virulence in cattle. Interestingly, virus isolated from lesions of animals inoculated with mutant virus contained mutations in the area of 3A that allowed binding to DCTN3. This highlights the importance of the 3A-DCTN3 interaction in FMD virus virulence and provides possible mechanisms of virus attenuation for the development of improved FMD vaccines. C1 [Gladue, D. P.; O'Donnell, V.; Baker-Bransetter, R.; Pacheco, J. M.; Holinka, L. G.; Arzt, J.; Pauszek, S.; Fernandez-Sainz, I.; Fletcher, P.; Rodriguez, L. L.; Borca, M. V.] ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. [Lu, Z.] DHS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Greenport, NY USA. [Brocchi, E.] Ist Zooprofilatt Sperimentale Lombardia Emilia Ro, Brescia, Italy. RP Borca, MV (reprint author), ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. EM borca@ars.usda.gov RI Fernandez Sainz, Ignacio/I-3046-2016; OI Pacheco, Juan/0000-0001-5477-0201; Gladue, Douglas/0000-0002-7894-0233; Borca, Manuel/0000-0002-0888-1178; Arzt, Jonathan/0000-0002-7517-7893 NR 28 TC 13 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X EI 1098-5514 J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 88 IS 5 BP 2737 EP 2747 DI 10.1128/JVI.03059-13 PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA AA5JK UT WOS:000331131700033 PM 24352458 ER PT J AU Grzebelus, D Iorizzo, M Senalik, D Ellison, S Cavagnaro, P Macko-Podgorni, A Heller-Uszynska, K Kilian, A Nothnagel, T Allender, C Simon, PW Baranski, R AF Grzebelus, Dariusz Iorizzo, Massimo Senalik, Douglas Ellison, Shelby Cavagnaro, Pablo Macko-Podgorni, Alicja Heller-Uszynska, Kasia Kilian, Andrzej Nothnagel, Thomas Allender, Charlotte Simon, Philipp W. Baranski, Rafal TI Diversity, genetic mapping, and signatures of domestication in the carrot (Daucus carota L.) genome, as revealed by Diversity Arrays Technology (DArT) markers SO MOLECULAR BREEDING LA English DT Article DE Carrot; DArT; Domestication; Diversity structure; Linkage mapping; Selection ID APIACEAE; SOFTWARE; COMPLEX AB Carrot is one of the most economically important vegetables worldwide, but genetic and genomic resources supporting carrot breeding remain limited. We developed a Diversity Arrays Technology (DArT) platform for wild and cultivated carrot and used it to investigate genetic diversity and to develop a saturated genetic linkage map of carrot. We analyzed a set of 900 DArT markers in a collection of plant materials comprising 94 cultivated and 65 wild carrot accessions. The accessions were attributed to three separate groups: wild, Eastern cultivated and Western cultivated. Twenty-seven markers showing signatures for selection were identified. They showed a directional shift in frequency from the wild to the cultivated, likely reflecting diversifying selection imposed in the course of domestication. A genetic linkage map constructed using 188 F2 plants comprised 431 markers with an average distance of 1.1 cM, divided into nine linkage groups. Using previously anchored single nucleotide polymorphisms, the linkage groups were physically attributed to the nine carrot chromosomes. A cluster of markers mapping to chromosome 8 showed significant segregation distortion. Two of the 27 DArT markers with signatures for selection were segregating in the mapping population and were localized on chromosomes 2 and 6. Chromosome 2 was previously shown to carry the Vrn1 gene governing the biennial growth habit essential for cultivated carrot. The results reported here provide background for further research on the history of carrot domestication and identify genomic regions potentially important for modern carrot breeding. C1 [Grzebelus, Dariusz; Macko-Podgorni, Alicja; Baranski, Rafal] Agr Univ Krakow, Inst Plant Biol & Biotechnol, PL-31425 Krakow, Poland. [Iorizzo, Massimo; Senalik, Douglas; Ellison, Shelby; Simon, Philipp W.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Senalik, Douglas; Simon, Philipp W.] Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Cavagnaro, Pablo] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Mendoza, Argentina. [Cavagnaro, Pablo] INTA EEA La Consulta, CC8 La Consulta 5567, Mendoza, Argentina. [Heller-Uszynska, Kasia; Kilian, Andrzej] Div Arrays Technol Pty Ltd, Yarralumla, ACT 2600, Australia. [Nothnagel, Thomas] Julius Kuhn Inst, Fed Res Ctr Cultivated Plants, Inst Breeding Res Hort & Fruit Crops, D-06484 Quedlinburg, Germany. [Allender, Charlotte] Univ Warwick, Warwick Crop Ctr, Wellesbourne CV35 9EF, Warwick, England. RP Grzebelus, D (reprint author), Agr Univ Krakow, Inst Plant Biol & Biotechnol, Al 29 Listopada 54, PL-31425 Krakow, Poland. EM d.grzebelus@ogr.ur.krakow.pl RI Baranski, Rafal/C-8429-2014; Grzebelus, Dariusz/I-8832-2014; Baranski, Rafal/E-1044-2012 OI Baranski, Rafal/0000-0001-9276-3870; Grzebelus, Dariusz/0000-0001-6999-913X; Baranski, Rafal/0000-0001-9276-3870 FU Polish National Science Center [N N302 062236]; MNiSW [97/N-DFG/2008/0]; German Research Foundation [DFG Schu 566/10-1] FX The research project was funded by the Polish National Science Center, Project No. N N302 062236 awarded to DG and MNiSW 97/N-DFG/2008/0 awarded to RB, and was supported by the German Research Foundation, Project No. DFG Schu 566/10-1, awarded to TN. NR 38 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 47 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1380-3743 EI 1572-9788 J9 MOL BREEDING JI Mol. Breed. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 33 IS 3 BP 625 EP 637 DI 10.1007/s11032-013-9979-9 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA AA4BM UT WOS:000331039200011 ER PT J AU Fang, H Zhou, HP Sanogo, S Lipka, AE Fang, DD Percy, RG Hughs, SE Jones, DC Gore, MA Zhang, JF AF Fang, Hui Zhou, Huiping Sanogo, Soum Lipka, Alexander E. Fang, David D. Percy, Richard G. Hughs, Sidney E. Jones, Don C. Gore, Michael A. Zhang, Jinfa TI Quantitative trait locus analysis of Verticillium wilt resistance in an introgressed recombinant inbred population of Upland cotton SO MOLECULAR BREEDING LA English DT Article DE Upland cotton; Recombinant inbred line; Verticillium wilt; Disease resistance; Quantitative trait loci ID GOSSYPIUM-HIRSUTUM L.; TOLERANCE; YIELD; CULTIVARS; DAHLIAE; REGISTRATION; INHERITANCE; IMPROVEMENT; DIVERSITY; CROSSES AB Verticillium wilt (VW) of Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is caused by the soil-borne fungal pathogen Verticillium dahlia Kleb. The availability of VW-resistant cultivars is vital for control of this economically important disease, but there is a paucity of Upland cotton breeding lines and cultivars with a high level of resistance to VW. In general, G. barbadense L. (source of Pima cotton) is more VW-resistant than Upland cotton. However, the transfer of VW resistance from G. barbadense to Upland cotton is challenging because of hybrid breakdown in the F2 and successive generations of interspecific populations. We conducted two replicated greenhouse studies (tests 1 and 2) to assess the heritability of VW resistance to a defoliating V. dahliae isolate and identify genetic markers associated with VW resistance in an Upland cotton recombinant inbred mapping population that has stable introgression from Pima cotton. Disease ratings at the seedling stage on several different days after the first inoculation (DAI) in test 1, as well as the percentages of infected and defoliated leaves at 2 DAI in test 2, were found to be low to moderately heritable, indicating the importance of a replicated progeny test in selection for VW resistance. With a newly constructed linkage map consisting of 882 simple sequence repeat, single nucleotide polymorphism, and resistance gene analog-amplified fragment length polymorphism marker loci, we identified a total of 21 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) on 11 chromosomes and two linkage groups associated with VW resistance at several different DAIs in greenhouse tests 1 and 2. The markers associated with the VW resistance QTLs will facilitate fine mapping and cloning of VW resistance genes and genomics-assisted breeding for VW-resistant cultivars. C1 [Fang, Hui; Zhou, Huiping; Zhang, Jinfa] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Plant & Environm Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Sanogo, Soum] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Entomol Plant Pathol & Weed Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Lipka, Alexander E.] Cornell Univ, Inst Genom Divers, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Fang, David D.] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, Cotton Fiber Biosci Res Unit, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Percy, Richard G.] USDA ARS, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, Crop Germplasm Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Hughs, Sidney E.] USDA ARS, Southwest Cotton Ginning Res Lab, Mesilla Pk, NM 88047 USA. [Jones, Don C.] Cotton Inc, Cary, NC 27513 USA. [Gore, Michael A.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Zhang, JF (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Dept Plant & Environm Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM mag87@cornell.edu; jinzhang@nmsu.edu RI Fang, Hui/R-9813-2016; Zhou, Huiping/R-9888-2016; OI Fang, Hui/0000-0002-2693-5379; Zhou, Huiping/0000-0002-2346-6909; fang, david/0000-0003-0036-5459 FU USDA-ARS; Cotton Incorporated; New Mexico Agricultural Experiment Station FX The research was supported by the USDA-ARS, Cotton Incorporated, and New Mexico Agricultural Experiment Station. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 49 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 22 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1380-3743 EI 1572-9788 J9 MOL BREEDING JI Mol. Breed. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 33 IS 3 BP 709 EP 720 DI 10.1007/s11032-013-9987-9 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA AA4BM UT WOS:000331039200018 ER PT J AU Piaggio, AJ Engeman, RM Hopken, MW Humphrey, JS Keacher, KL Bruce, WE Avery, ML AF Piaggio, Antoinette J. Engeman, Richard M. Hopken, Matthew W. Humphrey, John S. Keacher, Kandy L. Bruce, William E. Avery, Michael L. TI Detecting an elusive invasive species: a diagnostic PCR to detect Burmese python in Florida waters and an assessment of persistence of environmental DNA SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE DNA persistence; Burmese python; Python bivittatus; environmental DNA; reptile; PCR ID EVERGLADES NATIONAL-PARK; MOLURUS-BIVITTATUS; EXPANSION; SAMPLES AB Recent studies have demonstrated that detection of environmental DNA (eDNA) from aquatic vertebrates in water bodies is possible. The Burmese python, Python bivittatus, is a semi-aquatic, invasive species in Florida where its elusive nature and cryptic coloration make its detection difficult. Our goal was to develop a diagnostic PCR to detect P.bivittatus from water-borne eDNA, which could assist managers in monitoring this invasive species. First, we used captive P.bivittatus to determine whether reptilian DNA could be isolated and amplified from water samples. We also evaluated the efficacy of two DNA isolation methods and two DNA extraction kits commonly used in eDNA preparation. A fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene from P.bivittatus was detected in all water samples isolated with the sodium acetate precipitate and the QIAamp DNA Micro Kit. Next, we designed P.bivittatus-specific primers and assessed the degradation rate of eDNA in water. Our primers did not amplify DNA from closely related species, and we found that P.bivittatus DNA was consistently detectable up to 96h. Finally, we sampled water from six field sites in south Florida. Samples from five sites, where P.bivittatus has been observed, tested positive for eDNA. The final site was negative and had no prior documented evidence of P.bivittatus. This study shows P.bivittatus eDNA can be isolated from water samples; thus, this method is a new and promising technique for the management of invasive reptiles. C1 [Piaggio, Antoinette J.; Engeman, Richard M.; Hopken, Matthew W.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Wildlife Genet Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Humphrey, John S.; Keacher, Kandy L.; Bruce, William E.; Avery, Michael L.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Florida Field Stn, Gainesville, FL 32641 USA. RP Piaggio, AJ (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Wildlife Genet Lab, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM toni.j.piaggio@aphis.usda.gov NR 29 TC 35 Z9 40 U1 20 U2 164 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1755-098X EI 1755-0998 J9 MOL ECOL RESOUR JI Mol. Ecol. Resour. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 14 IS 2 BP 374 EP 380 DI 10.1111/1755-0998.12180 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA AB0GI UT WOS:000331469500014 PM 24119154 ER PT J AU Kono, TJY Seth, K Poland, JA Morrell, PL AF Kono, Thomas J. Y. Seth, Kiran Poland, Jesse A. Morrell, Peter L. TI SNPMeta: SNP annotation and SNP metadata collection without a reference genome SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE GenBank; non-model organisms; genotyping; dbSNP ID FULL-LENGTH CDNAS; MOLECULAR-BIOLOGY; BARLEY; IMPROVEMENT; DIVERGENCE; RESOURCES; DISCOVERY; PROJECT AB The increase in availability of resequencing data is greatly accelerating SNP discovery and has facilitated the development of SNP genotyping assays. This, in turn, is increasing interest in annotation of individual SNPs. Currently, these data are only available through curation, or comparison to a reference genome. Many species lack a reference genome, but are still important genetic models or are significant species in agricultural production or natural ecosystems. For these species, it is possible to annotate SNPs through comparison with cDNA, or data from well-annotated genes in public repositories. We present SNPMeta, a tool which gathers information about SNPs by comparison with sequences present in GenBank databases. SNPMeta is able to annotate SNPs from contextual sequence in SNP assay designs, and SNPs discovered through genotyping by sequencing (GBS) approaches. However, SNPs discovered through GBS occur throughout the genome, rather than only in gene space, and therefore do not annotate at high rates. SNPMeta can therefore be used to annotate SNPs in nonmodel species or species that lack a reference genome. Annotations generated by SNPMeta are highly concordant with annotations that would be obtained from a reference genome. C1 [Kono, Thomas J. Y.; Seth, Kiran; Morrell, Peter L.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Poland, Jesse A.] ARS, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, USDA, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Poland, Jesse A.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Throckmorton Plant Sci Ctr 2004, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Morrell, PL (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, 411 Borlaug Hall,1991 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM pmorrell@umn.edu RI Morrell, Peter/E-2059-2011; OI Morrell, Peter/0000-0001-6282-1582; Poland, Jesse/0000-0002-7856-1399 FU US Department of Agriculture (USDA) - US National Institute for Food and Agriculture (NIFA) [2011-68002-30029]; USDA National Needs Fellowship [USDA NIFA 2011-38420-20068]; USDA - Agricultural Research Service [5430-21000-006-00D] FX We thank Amber Eule-Nashoba, Zhou Fang, Ana Gonzales, Michael Kantar and Robert Stupar for helpful comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. Chaochih Liu and Ashley Rozmarin helped with data submission to dbSNP. We also thank the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) - US National Institute for Food and Agriculture (NIFA) (2011-68002-30029) for partial support for PLM. TJYK was supported by a USDA National Needs Fellowship (USDA NIFA 2011-38420-20068). This research was supported in part by USDA - Agricultural Research Service (Appropriation No. 5430-21000-006-00D) and Kansas State University. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 34 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1755-098X EI 1755-0998 J9 MOL ECOL RESOUR JI Mol. Ecol. Resour. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 14 IS 2 BP 419 EP 425 DI 10.1111/1755-0998.12183 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA AB0GI UT WOS:000331469500019 PM 24237904 ER PT J AU Zhao, W Wisniewski, M Wang, WJ Liu, J Liu, YS AF Zhao, Wei Wisniewski, Michael Wang, Wenjie Liu, Jia Liu, Yongsheng TI Heat-induced oxidative injury contributes to inhibition of Botrytis cinerea spore germination and growth SO WORLD JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Fungal pathogen; Heat treatment; Oxidative stress; ROS ID HOT-WATER TREATMENTS; PENICILLIUM-EXPANSUM; POSTHARVEST DECAY; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; GRAY MOLD; DISEASE RESISTANCE; PEAR FRUIT; BIOCONTROL; STRESS; APPLES AB The inhibitory effect of heat treatment (HT) on Botrytis cinerea, a major postharvest fungal pathogen, and the possible mode of action were investigated. Spore germination and germ tube elongation of B. cinerea were both increasingly and significantly inhibited by HT (43 A degrees C) for 10, 20 or 30 min. HT-induced gene expression of NADPH oxidase A, resulted in the intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species. HT-treated B. cinerea spores exhibited higher levels of oxidative damage to proteins and lipids, compared to the non-HT control. These findings indicate that HT resulted in oxidative damage which then played an important role in the inhibitory effect on B. cinerea. In the current study, HT was effective in controlling gray mold, caused by B. cinerea, in pear fruits. Understanding the mode of action by which HT inhibits fungal pathogens will help in the application of HT for management of postharvest fungal diseases of fruits and vegetables. C1 [Zhao, Wei; Wang, Wenjie; Liu, Jia; Liu, Yongsheng] Hefei Univ Technol, Sch Biotechnol & Food Engn, Hefei 230009, Peoples R China. [Wisniewski, Michael] USDA ARS, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Liu, Yongsheng] Sichuan Univ, State Key Lab Hydraul & Mt River Engn, Coll Life Sci, Key Lab Bioresource & Ecoenvironm,Minist Educ, Chengdu 610064, Peoples R China. RP Liu, J (reprint author), Hefei Univ Technol, Sch Biotechnol & Food Engn, Hefei 230009, Peoples R China. EM liujia@hfut.edu.cn; liuyongsheng1122@hfut.edu.cn FU Key Project from the Government of Anhui Province [2012AKKG0739]; Advanced Program of Doctoral Fund of Ministry of Education of China [20110181130009]; National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2011CB100401] FX This work was supported by Key Project from the Government of Anhui Province (No. 2012AKKG0739), Advanced Program of Doctoral Fund of Ministry of Education of China (No. 20110181130009) and National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (No. 2011CB100401). NR 36 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 25 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0959-3993 EI 1573-0972 J9 WORLD J MICROB BIOT JI World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 30 IS 3 BP 951 EP 957 DI 10.1007/s11274-013-1513-z PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA AA4XW UT WOS:000331101000018 PM 24101365 ER PT J AU Peacock, TJ Mikell, AT Moore, MT Smith, S AF Peacock, T. J. Mikell, A. T., Jr. Moore, M. T. Smith, S., Jr. TI Application of a Redox Gradostat Reactor for Assessing Rhizosphere Microorganism Activity on Lambda-Cyhalothrin SO BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Wetlands; Juncus effusus; Pyrethroid insecticide ID AGRICULTURAL DRAINAGE DITCHES; DEGRADATION; PYRETHROIDS; ATRAZINE; RUNOFF; PLANT; FATE; SOIL AB Bacterial activity on pesticides can lead to decreased toxicity or persistence in aquatic systems. Rhizosphere activity is difficult to measure in situ. To mimic rhizosphere properties of the soft rush, Juncus effusus, a single-stage gradostat reactor was developed to study cycling of lambda-cyhalothrin by rhizobacteria and the effects of Fe(III) and citrate, both common in wetland soil, on lambda-cyhalothrin degradation. Redox gradient changes, greater than +/- 10 mV, were apparent within days 5-15 both in the presence and absence of ferric citrate. Through the production of a redox gradient (p < 0.05) by rhizobacteria and the ability to measure pesticide loss over time (p < 0.05), reactors were useful in expanding knowledge on this active environment. C1 [Peacock, T. J.] AFRIMS, Bangkok, Thailand. [Mikell, A. T., Jr.] Oklahoma Christian Univ, Oklahoma City, OK 73136 USA. [Moore, M. T.; Smith, S., Jr.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Peacock, TJ (reprint author), AFRIMS, Bangkok, Thailand. EM trent.j.peacock.mil@mail.mil NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0007-4861 EI 1432-0800 J9 B ENVIRON CONTAM TOX JI Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 92 IS 3 BP 347 EP 351 DI 10.1007/s00128-014-1202-0 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA AA2ZE UT WOS:000330961900018 PM 24441626 ER PT J AU Colton, AR Wilberg, MJ Coles, VJ Miller, TJ AF Colton, A. R. Wilberg, M. J. Coles, V. J. Miller, T. J. TI An evaluation of the synchronization in the dynamics of blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) populations in the western Atlantic SO FISHERIES OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE blue crab; Gulf Stream Index; Moran effect; Northern Atlantic Oscillation; population dynamics; western Atlantic ID NORTH-ATLANTIC; COMMON TRENDS; TIME-SERIES; SPATIAL SYNCHRONY; UNITED-STATES; GULF-STREAM; CLIMATE; OSCILLATION; VARIABILITY; LARVAE AB Interannual variability in the abundances of blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) in populations along the U.S. east coast is well documented, but the mechanisms driving these fluctuations remain poorly understood. Using principal component analysis and dynamic factor analysis we quantified the patterns in variability and the degree of synchrony among blue crab populations along the U.S. east coast to gain insight into the mechanisms regulating the dynamics of these populations. We determined that a latitudinal pattern in the variability in abundance among the states existed and that a combination of the Gulf Stream Index, southern winter temperature, and larval mixing in the coastal ocean may be important drivers for the observed fluctuations of blue crab. The blue crab population in the Chesapeake Bay appeared to be an anomaly in that its abundance did not match the latitudinal trend seen in the other states. Understanding the dynamics of blue crab throughout its range may help managers determine which population responses reflect local dynamics and which may reflect shared, regional responses. C1 [Colton, A. R.; Wilberg, M. J.; Miller, T. J.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Solomons, MD 20688 USA. [Coles, V. J.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Horn Point Lab, Cambridge, MD 21613 USA. RP Colton, AR (reprint author), US Forest Serv, 4431 Hwy 20, Sweet Home, OR 97386 USA. EM arcolton@fs.fed.us RI Miller, Thomas/C-2129-2008; Wilberg, Michael/D-6289-2013 OI Miller, Thomas/0000-0001-8427-1614; Wilberg, Michael/0000-0001-8982-5946 NR 51 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1054-6006 EI 1365-2419 J9 FISH OCEANOGR JI Fish Oceanogr. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 23 IS 2 BP 132 EP 146 DI 10.1111/fog.12048 PG 15 WC Fisheries; Oceanography SC Fisheries; Oceanography GA AA6CF UT WOS:000331185700003 ER PT J AU Aghai, MM Pinto, JR Davis, AS AF Aghai, Matthew M. Pinto, Jeremiah R. Davis, Anthony S. TI Container volume and growing density influence western larch (Larix occidentalis Nutt.) seedling development during nursery culture and establishment SO NEW FORESTS LA English DT Article DE Regeneration; Container seedling; Seedling quality; Stocktype; Simulated field performance ID WATER RELATIONS; ROOT-GROWTH; PLANTING STOCK; PINE-SEEDLINGS; STRESS; REFORESTATION; RESTRICTION; PERFORMANCE; MOUNTAIN; FORESTS AB Larch tree species (Larix Mill.) are both ecologically and commercially valuable in their native range and are the focus of many restoration, afforestation, and commercial reforestation efforts in the boreal forests of the northern hemisphere. Land use change, shifting climate, and poor natural regeneration are making it increasingly difficult to establish the species; therefore, artificial regeneration is critical to ensure this timber species maintains its productive role on the landscape. New stocktypes are continually being developed to aid target seedlings for difficult sites, and critical, non-confounding evaluations of them are needed for target seedling development. This research evaluates the effect of container parameters on potential target seedlings. It examines tolerance thresholds of western larch (Larix occidentalis Nutt.) with respect to moisture and temperature status in the rhizosphere during early establishment. A suite of morphological measurements was used to assess seedling quality and relative performance following transplant. Modifying a commercially available container developed four distinct stocktypes of 111, 143, 175 and 207 ml that were paired with a volume-dependent nutrient regime at two culturing densities. Seedling phenotype was affected to a greater extent by container density than by container volume. Despite changes to container volume, root:shoot were found to be similar, indicating benefits of a tailored nutrient regime during nursery culture. Simulated field trials revealed that a low density growing arrangement improved post-transplant seedling growth, specifically root growth. Also, the 207 ml container facilitated greater growth in dry soil conditions compared to smaller containers. Lower (10 A degrees C) rhizosphere temperature hindered root growth; however, seedling survival was 100 %, warranting the testing of earlier outplanting windows for this species. This evaluation of stocktype performance contributes to a greater body of work with this species and its congeners, which will ultimately benefit reforestation and afforestation efforts alike. C1 [Aghai, Matthew M.; Davis, Anthony S.] Univ Idaho, Coll Nat Resources, Ctr Forest Nursery & Seedling Res, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Pinto, Jeremiah R.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. RP Davis, AS (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Coll Nat Resources, Ctr Forest Nursery & Seedling Res, POB 441133, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. EM asdavis@uidaho.edu FU Jiffy(R) Products of America through the University of Idaho Center for Forest Nursery and Seedling Research FX This research was funded in part by Jiffy (R) Products of America through the University of Idaho Center for Forest Nursery and Seedling Research. Olga Kildisheva, Josh Miller, Jake Kleinknecht, and Don Regan provided assistance during crop production, experimentation, and assessment. In addition, we are grateful to Dr. Douglass F. Jacobs of the Purdue University Hardwood Tree Improvement and Regeneration Center for an equipment loan. NR 56 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 39 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4286 EI 1573-5095 J9 NEW FOREST JI New For. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 45 IS 2 BP 199 EP 213 DI 10.1007/s11056-013-9402-8 PG 15 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AA3NX UT WOS:000331000500004 ER PT J AU Knapp, BO Wang, GG Clark, SL Pile, LS Schlarbaum, SE AF Knapp, Benjamin O. Wang, G. Geoff Clark, Stacy L. Pile, Lauren S. Schlarbaum, Scott E. TI Leaf physiology and morphology of Castanea dentata (Marsh.) Borkh., Castanea mollissima Blume, and three backcross breeding generations planted in the southern Appalachians, USA SO NEW FORESTS LA English DT Article DE Backcross breeding; Castanea dentata; Light response curve; Species restoration; Tree improvement ID AMERICAN CHESTNUT; FOREST ECOSYSTEM; SHADE TOLERANCE; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; SEEDLINGS; LIGHT; REINTRODUCTION; RESTORATION; PERFORMANCE; PARAMETERS AB Backcross breeding programs have been used to transfer disease resistance and other traits from one forest tree species to another in order to meet restoration objectives. Evaluating the field performance of such material is critical for determining the success of breeding programs. In eastern North America, The American Chestnut Foundation has a backcross breeding program that uses Chinese chestnut (Castanea mollissima Blume) to introduce resistance of the fungal pathogen chestnut blight [Cryphonectria parasitica (Murr.) Barr.] to the native American chestnut [Castanea dentata (Marsh.) Borkh.]. We compared physiological and morphological characteristics among seedlings of American chestnut, Chinese chestnut, and BC1F3, BC2F3, and BC3F3 hybrid chestnuts during their fourth growing season after field-planting. American chestnut and the BC3F3 breeding generation displayed photosynthetic light-response curves that were similar to each other but different from Chinese chestnut. Rates of photosynthesis were higher for American chestnut and the BC3F3 breeding generation when compared to Chinese chestnut for light levels a parts per thousand yen800 mu mol m(-2) s(-1) photosynthetic photon flux density and for maximum photosynthetic capacity. Leaf morphology variables were not different between American chestnut and any of the breeding generations, but leaf area (on a per leaf basis) of Chinese chestnut was lower than that of any other chestnut type. Our results suggest that backcross breeding can be used to transfer desirable traits for restoration of native species threatened by non-native pathogens. C1 [Knapp, Benjamin O.; Wang, G. Geoff; Pile, Lauren S.] Clemson Univ, Sch Agr Forest & Environm Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Clark, Stacy L.] US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, USDA, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Schlarbaum, Scott E.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Forestry Fisheries & Wildlife, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Knapp, BO (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Forestry, 203-S ABNR Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM knappb@missouri.edu; gwang@clemson.edu; stacyclark@fs.fed.us; lpile@clemson.edu; tenntip@utk.edu FU USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Southern Research Station; National Forest System of the Southern Region FX This research was supported by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Southern Research Station, and the National Forest System of the Southern Region. We would like to thank The American Chestnut Foundation and Fred Hebard in particular, as well as David Casey, Jason Rodriguez, and John Blanton (retired) of the National Forests of North Carolina. We would also like to thank Steven Broom and Jeff Humphries for field assistance and Dr. Christina Wells for support with field equipment and for her physiological expertise. NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 33 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4286 EI 1573-5095 J9 NEW FOREST JI New For. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 45 IS 2 BP 283 EP 293 DI 10.1007/s11056-014-9408-x PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AA3NX UT WOS:000331000500009 ER PT J AU Pabilonia, KL Cadmus, KJ Lingus, TM Bolte, DS Russell, MM Van Metre, DC Erdman, MM AF Pabilonia, K. L. Cadmus, K. J. Lingus, T. M. Bolte, D. S. Russell, M. M. Van Metre, D. C. Erdman, M. M. TI Environmental Salmonella in Agricultural Fair Poultry Exhibits in Colorado SO ZOONOSES AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Salmonella; poultry; agricultural fair; zoonoses; environmental sampling ID ENTERITIDIS INFECTION; DISEASE TRANSMISSION; FOODBORNE ILLNESS; RISK BEHAVIORS; ANIMAL CONTACT; UNITED-STATES; PETTING ZOOS; CONTAMINATION; PATHOGENS; OUTBREAKS AB Salmonella enterica is a common zoonotic pathogen in humans. Transmission typically occurs through consumption of contaminated food products or contact with infected animals, including poultry or their environment. The objective of this study was to estimate the frequency of Salmonella contamination in the environment in poultry exhibits at agricultural fairs. Samples were collected from cages, feed, floors and tables in the exhibit and cultured for Salmonella. At least one environmental sample was positive for Salmonella in 10 of 11 fairs (91%), and Salmonella was isolated from 28 of 55 environmental samples (50.9%). Eleven different serotypes were detected. Results of this study demonstrate that environmental surfaces at agricultural fairs can be contaminated with Salmonella and could potentially serve as a route of transmission to bird owners and the general public. Poultry owners and the general public should be educated about the risks of Salmonella infection from the poultry exhibit environment. Agricultural fairs should consider instituting policies and practices to improve hygiene and mitigate the risk of zoonotic salmonellosis. C1 [Pabilonia, K. L.; Cadmus, K. J.; Lingus, T. M.; Bolte, D. S.; Russell, M. M.; Van Metre, D. C.] Colorado State Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Erdman, M. M.] USDA, Natl Vet Serv Labs NVSL, Ames, IA USA. RP Pabilonia, KL (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM kristy.pabilonia@colostate.edu FU Colorado State University Food Animal Career Veterinary Incentive Program FX The authors would like to thank the Colorado State University Extension Agents and Fair Superintendents that assisted us with this study. This work was supported by the Colorado State University Food Animal Career Veterinary Incentive Program. NR 31 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1863-1959 EI 1863-2378 J9 ZOONOSES PUBLIC HLTH JI Zoonoses Public Health PD MAR PY 2014 VL 61 IS 2 BP 138 EP 144 DI 10.1111/zph.12056 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences GA AA6BX UT WOS:000331184900007 PM 23773691 ER PT J AU Hunter, WJ AF Hunter, W. J. TI A Rhizobium selenitireducens Protein Showing Selenite Reductase Activity SO CURRENT MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ELEMENTAL RED SELENIUM; OLD YELLOW ENZYME; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; XENOBIOTIC REDUCTASE; NITRITE REDUCTASE; NITRATE REDUCTASE; STRAIN; SELENATE; FLAVOPROTEINS; IDENTIFICATION AB Biobarriers remove, via precipitation, the metalloid selenite (SeO (3) (-2) ) from groundwater; a process that involves the biological reduction of soluble SeO (3) (-2) to insoluble elemental red selenium (Se-0). The enzymes associated with this reduction process are poorly understood. In Rhizobium selenitireducens at least two enzymes are potentially involved; one, a nitrite reductase reduces SeO (3) (-2) to Se-0 but another protein may also be involved which is investigated in this study. Proteins from R. selenitireducens cells were precipitated with ammonium sulfate and run on native electrophoresis gels. When these gels were incubated with NADH and SeO (3) (-2) a band of precipitated Se-0 developed signifying the presence of a SeO (3) (-2) reducing protein. Bands were cut from the gel and analyzed for peptides via LCMSMS. The amino acid sequences associated with the bands indicated the presence of an NADH:flavin oxidoreductase that resembles YP_001326930 from Sinorhizobium medicae. The protein is part of a protein family termed old-yellow-enzymes (OYE) that contain a flavin binding domain. OYE enzymes are often involved in protecting cells from oxidative stress and, due in part to an active site that has a highly accessible binding pocket, are generally active on a wide range of substrates. This report is the first of an OYE enzyme being involved in SeO (3) (-2) reduction. C1 USDA ARS, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Hunter, WJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, 2150-D Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM william.hunter@ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 36 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0343-8651 EI 1432-0991 J9 CURR MICROBIOL JI Curr. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 68 IS 3 BP 311 EP 316 DI 10.1007/s00284-013-0474-7 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 304FM UT WOS:000330732500007 PM 24474405 ER PT J AU Cornwell, WK Westoby, M Falster, DS FitzJohn, RG O'Meara, BC Pennell, MW McGlinn, DJ Eastman, JM Moles, AT Reich, PB Tank, DC Wright, IJ Aarssen, L Beaulieu, JM Kooyman, RM Leishman, MR Miller, ET Niinemets, U Oleksyn, J Ordonez, A Royer, DL Smith, SA Stevens, PF Warman, L Wilf, P Zanne, AE AF Cornwell, William K. Westoby, Mark Falster, Daniel S. FitzJohn, Richard G. O'Meara, Brian C. Pennell, Matthew W. McGlinn, Daniel J. Eastman, Jonathan M. Moles, Angela T. Reich, Peter B. Tank, David C. Wright, Ian J. Aarssen, Lonnie Beaulieu, Jeremy M. Kooyman, Robert M. Leishman, Michelle R. Miller, Eliot T. Niinemets, Ulo Oleksyn, Jacek Ordonez, Alejandro Royer, Dana L. Smith, Stephen A. Stevens, Peter F. Warman, Laura Wilf, Peter Zanne, Amy E. TI Functional distinctiveness of major plant lineages SO JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PHYLOGENETIC SIGNAL; COMMUNITY ECOLOGY; NITROGEN-FIXATION; SEED SIZE; EVOLUTION; TRAITS; STRATEGIES; PATTERNS; DIVERSIFICATION; HEIGHT C1 [Cornwell, William K.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Dept Ecol Sci, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Cornwell, William K.; Moles, Angela T.; Warman, Laura] Univ New S Wales, Sch Biol Earth & Environm Sci, Evolut & Ecol Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Westoby, Mark; Falster, Daniel S.; FitzJohn, Richard G.; Wright, Ian J.; Kooyman, Robert M.; Leishman, Michelle R.] Macquarie Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. [FitzJohn, Richard G.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Zool, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [FitzJohn, Richard G.] Univ British Columbia, Biodivers Res Ctr, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [O'Meara, Brian C.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Pennell, Matthew W.; Eastman, Jonathan M.; Tank, David C.] Univ Idaho, Dept Biol Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Pennell, Matthew W.; Eastman, Jonathan M.; Tank, David C.] Univ Idaho, Inst Bioinformat & Evolutionary Studies, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [McGlinn, Daniel J.] Utah State Univ, Dept Biol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [McGlinn, Daniel J.] Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Reich, Peter B.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Aarssen, Lonnie] Queens Univ, Dept Biol, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. [Beaulieu, Jeremy M.] Univ Tennessee, Natl Inst Math & Biol Synth, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Kooyman, Robert M.] Royal Bot Gardens & Domain Trust, Natl Herbarium New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia. [Miller, Eliot T.; Stevens, Peter F.] Univ Missouri, Dept Biol, St Louis, MO 63121 USA. [Niinemets, Ulo] Estonian Univ Life Sci, Dept Plant Physiol, EE-51014 Tartu, Estonia. [Oleksyn, Jacek] Polish Acad Sci, Inst Dendrol, PL-62035 Kornik, Poland. [Ordonez, Alejandro] Nelson Inst Ctr Climat Res, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Royer, Dana L.] Wesleyan Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Middletown, CT 06459 USA. [Smith, Stephen A.] Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Warman, Laura] US Forest Serv, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, USDA, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Wilf, Peter] Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Zanne, Amy E.] George Washington Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Zanne, Amy E.] Missouri Bot Garden, Ctr Conservat & Sustainable Dev, St Louis, MO 63121 USA. RP Zanne, AE (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Washington, DC 20052 USA. EM aezanne@gmail.com RI Leishman, Michelle/G-9726-2012; Wright, Ian/G-4979-2012; Warman, Laura/C-6651-2011; Oleksyn, Jacek/I-4539-2012; Niinemets, Ulo/A-3816-2008; Moles, Angela/C-3083-2008; OI Leishman, Michelle/0000-0003-4830-5797; Wright, Ian/0000-0001-8338-9143; Warman, Laura/0000-0001-7339-749X; Niinemets, Ulo/0000-0002-3078-2192; Moles, Angela/0000-0003-2041-7762; O'Meara, Brian/0000-0002-0337-5997; Cornwell, Will/0000-0003-4080-4073; Royer, Dana/0000-0003-0976-953X; Falster, Daniel/0000-0002-9814-092X FU NESCent; Macquarie University Genes to Geoscience Research Centre; NWO; NSF [DEB-0953694] FX We thank members of the Tempo and Mode of Plant Trait Evolution working group for contributing to project development and manuscript comments, including Michael Donoghue, Erika Edwards, Ginger Jui, Hafiz Maherali, Risa Sargent and Elisabeth Wheeler. We acknowledge LEDA, the NZ flora, the Australian Biodiversity Resources Study (ABRS) /Australian Flora online, Ian Dickie, Kenwin Liu, Bonnie Jacob, Liz Law, Ginger Jui, Nathan Swenson and the NCEAS Neotropical rain forest communities working group for contributions to the underlying data sets. We also thank Andrea Hahn and Tim Robertson from GBIF who kindly provided species' georeference points and Alan Paton and Nicola Nicolson who kindly provided IPNI lists. This work was supported by NESCent, Macquarie University Genes to Geoscience Research Centre through the working group, and NWO. D.J.M. was supported by a grant from the NSF DEB-0953694. NR 47 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 7 U2 141 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-0477 EI 1365-2745 J9 J ECOL JI J. Ecol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 102 IS 2 BP 345 EP 356 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AB0FN UT WOS:000331467300007 ER PT J AU Martins, VF Vaughan, MM Huffaker, A Schmelz, EA Christensen, S Sims, J Benda, ND Swerbilow, J Alborn, H Teal, PE AF Martins, Vitor F. Vaughan, Martha M. Huffaker, Alisa Schmelz, Eric A. Christensen, Shawn Sims, James Benda, Nicole D. Swerbilow, Jay Alborn, Hans Teal, Peter E. TI Seed Treatment with Live or Dead Fusarium verticillioides Equivalently Reduces the Severity of Subsequent Stalk Rot SO JOURNAL OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE dead pathogen; endophyte; Fusarium verticillioides; maize resistance; mycotoxins; plant vaccination; seed treatment ID DISEASE RESISTANCE; DEFENSE RESPONSES; MAIZE; PLANT; ARABIDOPSIS; PHYTOALEXINS; FUMONISINS; PERCEPTION; INFECTION; COSTS AB Fusarium verticillioides is a widely distributed fungus that can associate with maize as a deleterious pathogen and an advantageous endophyte. Here, we show that seed treatment with live F.verticillioides enhances maize resistance to secondary stalk rot infection and further demonstrate that dead F.verticillioides is sufficient to equivalently reduce F.verticillioides biomass. Seed treatment with live or dead F.verticillioides primes maize plants, and upon subsequent stalk infection, terpenoid phytoalexins accumulate faster than control-treated plants. Seed treatment did not constitutively activate plant defences nor did it impact plant growth. These results suggest that seed treatment with dead F.verticillioides can be used as a vaccination' method to decrease the severity of stalk rot and potentially pathogen infection throughout the plant. C1 [Martins, Vitor F.; Swerbilow, Jay] Univ Florida, Dept Chem, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Vaughan, Martha M.; Huffaker, Alisa; Schmelz, Eric A.; Christensen, Shawn; Sims, James; Benda, Nicole D.; Alborn, Hans; Teal, Peter E.] ARS, Chem Res Unit, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Vaughan, MM (reprint author), ARS, Chem Res Unit, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM martha.vaughan@ars.usda.gov OI Schmelz, Eric/0000-0002-2837-734X NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 26 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0931-1785 EI 1439-0434 J9 J PHYTOPATHOL JI J. Phytopathol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 162 IS 3 BP 201 EP 204 DI 10.1111/jph.12177 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 304II UT WOS:000330739900008 ER PT J AU Hill, BH Kolka, RK McCormick, FH Starry, MA AF Hill, Brian H. Kolka, Randall K. McCormick, Frank H. Starry, Matthew A. TI A synoptic survey of ecosystem services from headwater catchments in the United States SO ECOSYSTEM SERVICES LA English DT Article DE C sequestration; Climate regulation; Denitrification; Headwater catchments; Water purification; Water supply ID DOWNSTREAM WATER-QUALITY; N-P STOICHIOMETRY; CARBON SEQUESTRATION; DENITRIFICATION; NITROGEN; FORESTS; STREAMS; SOIL; MANAGEMENT; BENEFITS AB Ecosystem production functions for water supply, climate regulation, and water purification were estimated for 568 headwater streams and their catchments. Results are reported for nine USA ecoregions. Headwater streams represented 74-80% of total catchment stream length. Water supply per unit catchment area was highest in the Northern Appalachian Mountains ecoregion and lowest in the Northern Plains. C, N, and P sequestered in trees were highest in Northern and Southern Appalachian and Western Mountain catchments, but C, N, and P sequestered in soils were highest in the Upper Midwest ecoregion. Catchment denitrification was highest in the Western Mountains. In-stream denitrification was highest in the Temperate Plains. Ecological production functions paired with published economic values for theses services revealed the importance of mountain catchments for water supply, climate regulation, and water purification per unit catchment area The larger catchment sizes of the plains ecoregions resulted in their higher economic value compared to the other ecoregions. The combined potential economic value across headwater catchments was INT $14,000 ha(-1) yr(-1), or INT $30 million yr(-1) per catchment. The economic importance of headwater catchments is even greater considering that our study catchments statistically represent more than 2 million headwater catchments in the continental United States. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Hill, Brian H.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Kolka, Randall K.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Ctr Res Ecosyst Change, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. [McCormick, Frank H.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Air Water & Aquat Environm Sci Program, Boise, ID 83702 USA. [Starry, Matthew A.] SRA Int, Fairfax, VA 22033 USA. RP Hill, BH (reprint author), US EPA, NHEERL, MED, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55304 USA. EM hill.brian@epa.gov FU USEPA Office of Water FX The USEPA Office of Water sponsored the National Rivers and Streams Assessment, AR Olsen supervised the creation of the survey design. We are indebted to the numerous state, federal, and contractor field crews and laboratory staff who collected and analyzed the NRSA samples. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the US Environmental Protection Agency, the US Forest Service, or SRA International. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 73 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2212-0416 J9 ECOSYST SERV JI Ecosyst. Serv. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 7 BP 106 EP 115 DI 10.1016/j.ecoser.2013.12.004 PG 10 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CU6RM UT WOS:000363660700012 ER PT J AU Hunt, RJ Borchardt, MA Bradbury, KR AF Hunt, Randall J. Borchardt, Mark A. Bradbury, Kenneth R. TI Viruses as Groundwater Tracers: Using Ecohydrology to Characterize Short Travel Times in Aquifers SO GROUNDWATER LA English DT Article ID DRINKING-WATER WELLS; AGE; WISCONSIN; MODEL; CONTAMINATION; VULNERABILITY; ADENOVIRUSES; NOROVIRUSES; INFECTIVITY; DISPERSION AB Viruses are attractive tracers of short (<3 year) travel times in aquifers because they have unique genetic signatures, are detectable in trace quantities, and are mobile in groundwater. Virus "snaphots" result from infection and disappearance in a population over time; therefore, the virus snapshot shed in the fecal wastes of an infected population at a specific point in time can serve as a marker for tracking virus and groundwater movement. The virus tracing approach and an example application are described to illustrate their ability to characterize travel times in high-groundwater velocity settings, and provide insight unavailable from standard hydrogeologic approaches. Although characterization of preferential flowpaths does not usually characterize the majority of other travel times occurring in the groundwater system (e.g., center of plume mass; tail of the breakthrough curve), virus approaches can trace very short times of transport, and thus can fill an important gap in our current hydrogeology toolbox. C1 [Hunt, Randall J.] US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, Middleton, WI 53562 USA. [Borchardt, Mark A.] USDA ARS, Environm Integrated Dairy Management Res Unit, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. [Bradbury, Kenneth R.] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Geol & Nat Hist Survey, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Hunt, RJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, 8505 Res Way, Middleton, WI 53562 USA. EM rjhunt@usgs.gov; Mark.Borchardt@ars.usda.gov; krbradbu@wisc.edu NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0017-467X EI 1745-6584 J9 GROUNDWATER JI Groundwater PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 52 IS 2 BP 187 EP 193 DI 10.1111/gwat.12158 PG 7 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA AZ1CP UT WOS:000347978200005 PM 24433472 ER PT J AU Jayakody, P Parajuli, PB Sassenrath, GF Ouyang, Y AF Jayakody, Priyantha Parajuli, Prem B. Sassenrath, Gretchen F. Ouyang, Ying TI Relationships Between Water Table and Model Simulated ET SO GROUNDWATER LA English DT Article ID MISSISSIPPI RIVER-BASIN; CLIMATE-CHANGE; GROUNDWATER; SWAT; SENSITIVITY; DISCHARGE; BUDGET; DEPTH; FLOW AB This research was conducted to develop relationships among evapotranspiration (ET), percolation (PERC), groundwater discharge to the stream (GWQ), and water table fluctuations through a modeling approach. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) hydrologic and crop models were applied in the Big Sunflower River watershed (BSRW; 7660 km(2)) within the Yazoo River Basin of the Lower Mississippi River alluvial plain. Results of this study showed good to very good model performances with the coefficient of determination (R-2) and Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) index from 0.4 to 0.9, respectively, during both hydrologic and crop model calibration and validation. An empirical relationship between ET, PERC, GWQ, and water table fluctuations was able to predict 64% of the water table variation of the alluvial plain in this study. Thematic maps were developed to identify areas with overuse of groundwater, which can help watershed managers to develop water resource programs. C1 [Jayakody, Priyantha; Parajuli, Prem B.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Starkville, MS 39762 USA. [Sassenrath, Gretchen F.] USDA ARS Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Ouyang, Ying] USDA FS, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, Starkville, MS 39762 USA. RP Jayakody, P (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Starkville, MS 39762 USA. EM jb2038@msstate.edu FU Mississippi Soybean Promotion Board FX This study is based upon the work partially supported by the Mississippi Soybean Promotion Board. We acknowledge the support of Mr. Kenneth Hood, a farmer in the watershed providing field level agricultural information; Stoneville and Clarksdale experiment stations for providing field level crop yield data. We are grateful to Charlotte Bryant Byrd (Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality), Dean Pennington, and Shane Powers (Yazoo management District) for helping us to obtain data and information on groundwater. We acknowledge two anonymous reviewers for their helpful review comments. NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0017-467X EI 1745-6584 J9 GROUNDWATER JI Groundwater PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 52 IS 2 BP 303 EP 310 DI 10.1111/gwat.12053 PG 8 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA AZ1CP UT WOS:000347978200017 PM 23582056 ER PT J AU Magana, HA AF Magana, Hugo A. TI FEEDING KINEMATICS AND PERFORMANCE OF THE ENDANGERED RIO GRANDE SILVERY MINNOW (HYBOGNATHUS AMARUS) SO SOUTHWESTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID PREY CAPTURE; JAW PROTRUSION; SUCTION; FISH; HATCHERY; FLOW; EXPERIENCE; TELEOSTS; SPEED; WAVE AB To elucidate feeding kinematics of the endangered Rio Grande silvery minnow (Hybognathus amarus), high-speed (500 frames/s) recordings of dorsal, lateral, and ventral feeding of larval silvery minnow were analyzed through National Institute of Health ImageJ software. Suction-feeding with buccal expansion was observed when feeding was apparent, and approach and feeding angle of H. amarus approaching the feeding substrate were calculated. Angles of approach averaged ca. 24-90 degrees, while feeding angles were ca. 90 degrees. Duration and touches, duration and bites, and touches and bites were correlated at 0.74, 0.62, and 0.54, respectively. Video analysis of feeding kinematics showed that H. amarus uses a combination of biting into the substrate followed by rapid lateral movement of the head. Hybognathus amarus has evolved a rapid-feeding mechanism in a turbid environment that allows for tasting and feeding sequences averaging 50-80 milliseconds. C1 United States Dept Agr Forest Serv, North Fork John Day Ranger Dist, Ukiah, OR 97880 USA. RP Magana, HA (reprint author), United States Dept Agr Forest Serv, North Fork John Day Ranger Dist, 401 West Main St, Ukiah, OR 97880 USA. EM hmagana@fs.fed.us NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 8 PU SOUTHWESTERN ASSOC NATURALISTS PI SAN MARCOS PA SOUTHWEST TEXAS STATE UNIV, DEPT BIOLOGY, 601 UNIVERSITY DR, SAN MARCOS, TX 78666 USA SN 0038-4909 EI 1943-6262 J9 SOUTHWEST NAT JI Southw. Natural. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 59 IS 1 BP 22 EP 29 DI 10.1894/F04-RJE-35.1 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CC8QQ UT WOS:000350633600004 ER PT J AU Taylor, JD Singleton, RD AF Taylor, Jimmy D. Singleton, Russell D. TI The Evolution of Flow Devices Used to Reduce Flooding by Beavers: A Review SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE beaver; Castor canadensis; culvert; dam; exclusion; fence systems; flow device; non-lethal management; pipe systems; pond leveler AB Dams created by American beavers (Castor canadensis) are associated with positive and negative values, and beaver management decisions are based on stakeholder perception and levels of tolerance. Lethal trapping is a widely used and accepted tool to reduce beaver damage caused by flooding; however, acceptable and efficacious non-lethal tools are increasingly desired by the public. We traced the origin of non-lethal tools used to reduce beaver flooding as far back as the early 20th century, when beavers received protective status and were reintroduced to many areas across North America. These tools focus on 2 general factors-exclusion and deception-and can be categorized as fence systems and pipe systems. We found few technological advances in tools to reduce beaver flooding until the 1980-1990s, when fence systems and pipe systems were integrated to create "flow devices." There are few studies that evaluate fence systems, pipe systems, and flow devices; however, we address their findings in chronological order. We recommend that natural resource managers avoid using fence systems or pipe systems alone, unless they can be used in areas where maintenance requirements and expected damage are extremely low. Flow devices are not intended to replace lethal control; however, we recommend use of flow devices as part of integrated management plans where beaver flooding conflicts are expected and where local conditions allow flow-device installation and maintenance. Future research should evaluate flow devices under a range of environmental conditions and include considerations for fish passage. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA C1 [Taylor, Jimmy D.; Singleton, Russell D.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Oregon Field Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Taylor, JD (reprint author), Wildlife Serv, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Oregon Field Stn, 321 Richardson Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM jimmy.d.taylor@aphis.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services' National Wildlife Research Center FX Funding for the authors was provided by U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services' National Wildlife Research Center. We thank D. Dwyer, A. Lavelle, and D. Sphar for assistance with literature review. We also thank S. Breck, M. Callahan, H. Perryman, M. Tobin, and 2 anonymous reviewers for comments on a previous version of this manuscript. Mention of commercial companies, commercial products, patents, or trademarks does not imply the recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. We mentioned product names solely to report factually on available data and to provide specific information. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1938-5463 J9 WILDLIFE SOC B JI Wildl. Soc. Bull. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 38 IS 1 BP 127 EP 133 DI 10.1002/wsb.363 PG 7 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA CD9PH UT WOS:000351429800019 ER PT J AU Smith, TN Smith, MD Johnson, DK Ditchkoff, SS AF Smith, Trenton N. Smith, Mark D. Johnson, Dana K. Ditchkoff, Stephen S. TI Evaluation of Continuous-Catch Doors for Trapping Wild Pigs SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE Alabama; continuous-catch; corral trap; root door; saloon door; Sus scrofa; wild pigs ID FERAL PIGS; SUS SCROFA; SWINE; POPULATION; HOGS; DEPREDATION; MANAGEMENT; CALIFORNIA; EFFICACY; DAMAGE AB Lethal removal by trapping is frequently the most cost- and time-effective means for managing wild pigs (Sus scrofa); however, the effectiveness of continuous-catch trap doors, which allow the entry of additional pigs into the trap after the door closes, remains unstudied. Our objective was to determine entry of wild pigs through closed root, saloon, and trainer continuous-catch doors. We constructed 26 corral traps on 4 study areas in east-central and southwest Alabama, USA, during the summer of 2011. We pre-baited each trap for >= 1 week to condition wild pigs to freely enter and exit traps and used game cameras to verify conditioning and to identify individuals and sounders. We then randomly assigned a trap door to each trap, set the trigger to capture only part of each sounder, and used game cameras to record the behavior of non-captured individuals. We observed 239 individuals from 24 sounders. Non-captured sounder members made 2.9 additional visits/trial (SE = 0.45) to traps after the door had closed, with each visit averaging 57.8 minutes (SE = 14.55) in duration. Of 222 opportunities (non-captured pigs observed after trap door had closed) only 9 (16%), 1 (1.9%), and 1 (0.9%) wild pigs entered through closed root, trainer, and saloon doors, respectively. Continuous-catch doors were ineffective at capturing substantial numbers of additional pigs after the door had closed. Given the comparatively greater expense of continuous-catch doors, landowners and wildlife managers should weigh the relative cost and benefits of these doors when developing wild pig removal programs. (C) 2013 The Wildlife Society C1 [Smith, Trenton N.; Smith, Mark D.; Ditchkoff, Stephen S.] Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Johnson, Dana K.] Auburn Univ, USDA, Wildlife Serv Alabama, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Smith, TN (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, 302 Anheuser Busch Nat Resources Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM mds0007@auburn.edu FU Alabama Farmer's Federation; U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Wildlife Services FX This study was funded by the Alabama Farmer's Federation and the Auburn University Undergraduate Research Fellowship Program with in-kind contributions from U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Wildlife Services. D. Beaty, C. Leikvold, V. Langley, and H. Young with USDA Wildlife Services provided substantial in-field support. We thank K. Causey, J. Collet, J. Crowder, J. Hall, D. Harrell, P. Hollis, R. Pierce, F. Thomas, and the Upper State Game Sanctuary of the Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources for property access and field support. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1938-5463 J9 WILDLIFE SOC B JI Wildl. Soc. Bull. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 38 IS 1 BP 175 EP 181 DI 10.1002/wsb.376 PG 7 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA CD9PH UT WOS:000351429800026 ER PT J AU Bjornlie, DD Thompson, DJ Haroldson, MA Schwartz, CC Gunther, KA Cain, SL Tyers, DB Frey, KL Aber, BC AF Bjornlie, Daniel D. Thompson, Daniel J. Haroldson, Mark A. Schwartz, Charles C. Gunther, Kerry A. Cain, Steven L. Tyers, Daniel B. Frey, Kevin L. Aber, Bryan C. TI Methods to Estimate Distribution and Range Extent of Grizzly Bears in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE ArcGIS; distribution; Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem; grizzly bear; kriging; range extent; Ursus arctos ID MODELING SPECIES DISTRIBUTIONS; SAMPLE-SIZE AB The distribution of the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem grizzly bear (Ursus arctos) population has expanded into areas unoccupied since the early 20th century. Up-to-date information on the area and extent of this distribution is crucial for federal, state, and tribal wildlife and land managers to make informed decisions regarding grizzly bear management. The most recent estimate of grizzly bear distribution (2004) utilized fixed-kernel density estimators to describe distribution. This method was complex and computationally time consuming and excluded observations of unmarked bears. Our objective was to develop a technique to estimate grizzly bear distribution that would allow for the use of all verified grizzly bear location data, as well as provide the simplicity to be updated more frequently. We placed all verified grizzly bear locations from all sources from 1990 to 2004 and 1990 to 2010 onto a 3-km x 3-km grid and used zonal analysis and ordinary kriging to develop a predicted surface of grizzly bear distribution. We compared the area and extent of the 2004 kriging surface with the previous 2004 effort and evaluated changes in grizzly bear distribution from 2004 to 2010. The 2004 kriging surface was 2.4% smaller than the previous fixed-kernel estimate, but more closely represented the data. Grizzly bear distribution increased 38.3% from 2004 to 2010, with most expansion in the northern and southern regions of the range. This technique can be used to provide a current estimate of grizzly bear distribution for management and conservation applications. (C) 2013 The Wildlife Society. C1 [Bjornlie, Daniel D.; Thompson, Daniel J.] Wyoming Game & Fish Dept, Large Carnivore Sect, Lander, WY 82520 USA. [Haroldson, Mark A.; Schwartz, Charles C.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. [Gunther, Kerry A.] Yellowstone Ctr Resources, Bear Management Off, Yellowstone Natl Pk, WY 82190 USA. [Cain, Steven L.] Natl Pk Serv, Grand Teton Natl Pk, Moose, WY 83012 USA. [Tyers, Daniel B.] US Forest Serv, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. [Frey, Kevin L.] Montana Fish Wildlife & Pk, Bear Management Off, Bozeman, MT 59718 USA. [Aber, Bryan C.] US Forest Serv, Idaho Dept Fish & Game, Isl Pk, ID 83429 USA. RP Bjornlie, DD (reprint author), Wyoming Game & Fish Dept, Large Carnivore Sect, 260 Buena Vista, Lander, WY 82520 USA. EM dan.bjornlie@wyo.gov NR 27 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 7 U2 18 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1938-5463 J9 WILDLIFE SOC B JI Wildl. Soc. Bull. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 38 IS 1 BP 182 EP 187 DI 10.1002/wsb.368 PG 6 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA CD9PH UT WOS:000351429800027 ER PT J AU Shivik, JA Mastro, L Young, JK AF Shivik, John A. Mastro, Lauren Young, Julie K. TI Animal Attendance at M-44 Sodium Cyanide Ejector Sites for Coyotes SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE camera; Canis latrans; coyote; M-44; selectivity; Virginia; West Virginia ID CAMERA SYSTEM; VIDEO CAMERA; TRAPS; PERFORMANCE; WILDLIFE AB Sodium cyanide (NaCN) ejectors for coyotes (Canis latrans), known as M-44s, are used in many parts of the United States for lethally removing coyotes to protect livestock or other resources. Quantifying selectivity of current devices in killing target and non-target species is important to users and provides a baseline for future development of more effective and selective techniques. We used motion-activated cameras to monitor M-44 locations for coyote and other species visitations to the sites. Because camera presence potentially influences coyote behavior, we first compared activation of M-44s at paired sites where cameras were and were not present. Coyotes activated M-44s sites with cameras (n = 17) similarly to sites without cameras (n = 19). During 832 site-days of observation, coyotes visited M-44 sites 29 times, and 18 other species visited 1,597 times. The mean visitation ratio for non-coyotes to coyotes was 2.8:1 at the M-44 locations monitored (n = 22). Non-coyotes were much less likely to touch the devices with their noses or mouths than were coyotes (0.24:1). No non-canid activated an M-44, suggesting very high selectivity toward killing canid species. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Shivik, John A.] Utah State Univ, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Wildlife Serv,Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Mastro, Lauren; Young, Julie K.] Utah State Univ, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Wildlife Serv, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Young, Julie K.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Shivik, JA (reprint author), Utah Div Wildlife Resources, 1594 W North Temple,Suite 2110, Salt Lake City, UT 84114 USA. EM johnshivik@utah.gov NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1938-5463 J9 WILDLIFE SOC B JI Wildl. Soc. Bull. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 38 IS 1 BP 217 EP 220 DI 10.1002/wsb.361 PG 4 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA CD9PH UT WOS:000351429800032 ER PT J AU Lawson, SS Michler, CH AF Lawson, Shaneka S. Michler, Charles H. TI Afforestation, restoration and regeneration - Not all trees are created equal SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE Climate change; shade tolerance; drought tolerance; canopy gaps; invasive species ID TEMPERATE DECIDUOUS FOREST; COASTAL BRITISH-COLUMBIA; NET PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; ACER-PSEUDOPLATANUS L.; RIVER ALLUVIAL VALLEY; SURVIVAL TRADE-OFF; SHADE TOLERANCE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; OLD-GROWTH; LIGHT AVAILABILITY AB Undulations in weather patterns have caused climate shifts of increased frequency and duration around the world. The need for additional research and model data on this pressing problem has resulted in a plethora of research groups examining a particular tree species or biome for negative effects of climate change. This review aims to (1) collect and merge recent research data on regeneration within old- and new-growth forests, (2) highlight and expand upon selected topics for additional discussion, and (3) report how shade tolerance, drought tolerance, and inherent plasticity affect tree growth and development. Although shade and drought tolerance have been well studied by a number of research groups, this review reveals that in-depth analysis of a single or a few species in a given area will not generate the data required to implement a successful regeneration plan. Studies using historical accounts of previous species composition, information regarding site sea-sonality, species competition, and individual responses to drought and shade are needed to (1) develop best management plans and (2) ensure future modeling experiments are focused on a greater variety of species using more innovative methods to evaluate climate change effects. C1 [Lawson, Shaneka S.; Michler, Charles H.] Purdue Univ, USDA Forest Serv, HTIRC, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources,Northern Res Stn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Lawson, SS (reprint author), Purdue Univ, USDA Forest Serv, HTIRC, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources,Northern Res Stn, 715 West State St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM sslawson@purdue.edu NR 160 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 8 U2 80 PU NORTHEAST FORESTRY UNIV PI HARBIN PA NO 26 HEXING RD, XIANGFANG DISTRICT, HARBIN, 150040, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1007-662X EI 1993-0607 J9 J FORESTRY RES JI J. For. Res. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 25 IS 1 BP 3 EP 20 DI 10.1007/s11676-014-0426-5 PG 18 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 296RH UT WOS:000330202600002 ER PT J AU Gonzalez-Benecke, CA Gezan, SA Samuelson, LJ Cropper, WP Leduc, DJ Martin, TA AF Gonzalez-Benecke, C. A. Gezan, Salvador A. Samuelson, Lisa J. Cropper, Wendell P., Jr. Leduc, Daniel J. Martin, Timothy A. TI Estimating Pinus palustris tree diameter and stem volume from tree height, crown area and stand-level parameters SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Longleaf pine; diameter-height relationships; crown area; individual-tree stem volume; growth and yield modeling ID AIRBORNE LIDAR DATA; CARBON BALANCE; FOREST CANOPY; ECOSYSTEM; PLANTATIONS; MANAGEMENT; SAVANNA; BIOMASS; PREDICTION; SERVICES AB Accurate and efficient estimation of forest growth and live biomass is a critical element in assessing potential responses to forest management and environmental change. The objective of this study was to develop models to predict longleaf pine tree diameter at breast height (dbh) and merchantable stem volume (V) using data obtained from field measurements. We used longleaf pine tree data from 3,376 planted trees on 127 permanent plots located in the U.S. Gulf Coastal Plain region to fit equations to predict dbh and V as functions of tree height (H) and crown area (CA). Prediction of dbh as a function of H improved when CA was added as an additional independent variable. Similarly, predictions of V based on H improved when CA was included. Incorporation of additional stand variables such as age, site index, dominant height, and stand density were also evaluated but resulted in only small improvements in model performance. For model testing we used data from planted and naturally-regenerated trees located inside and outside the geographic area used for model fitting. Our results suggest that the models are a robust alternative for dbh and V estimations when H and CA are known on planted stands with potential for naturally-regenerated stands, across a wide range of ages. We discuss the importance of these models for use with metrics derived from remote sensing data. C1 [Gonzalez-Benecke, C. A.; Gezan, Salvador A.; Cropper, Wendell P., Jr.; Martin, Timothy A.] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Samuelson, Lisa J.] Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. USDA, Alexandria Forestry Ctr, Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. RP Gonzalez-Benecke, CA (reprint author), Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, POB 110410, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM cgonzabe@ufl.edu RI Cropper, Jr., Wendell/E-5952-2010; OI Cropper, Jr., Wendell/0000-0001-7851-7382; Martin, Timothy/0000-0002-7872-4194 FU U.S. Department of Defense, through the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) FX This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Defense, through the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP). The authors acknowledge the U.S. Forest Service Southern Research Station for their assistance and for providing the long term datasets. Special thanks go to Mr. Tom Stokes, Ms. Ann Huyler, Mr. Justin Rathal and Mr. Jake Blackstock for their help with field data collection. NR 45 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 57 PU NORTHEAST FORESTRY UNIV PI HARBIN PA NO 26 HEXING RD, XIANGFANG DISTRICT, HARBIN, 150040, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1007-662X EI 1993-0607 J9 J FORESTRY RES JI J. For. Res. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 25 IS 1 BP 43 EP 52 DI 10.1067/s11676-014-0427-4 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 296RH UT WOS:000330202600006 ER PT J AU Mohamed, A Reich, RM Khosla, R Aguirre-Bravo, C Briseno, MM AF Mohamed, Adel Reich, Robin M. Khosla, Raj Aguirre-Bravo, C. Briseno, Martin Mendoza TI Influence of climatic conditions, topography and soil attributes on the spatial distribution of site productivity index of the species rich forests of Jalisco, Mexico SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Best management practices; climate change; spatial predictions; tropical dry forests; weighted least squares ID MODELS; PREDICTIONS; DISTURBANCE; BIOMASS; IMPACT; FUTURE; STATE AB This paper presents an approach based on field data to model the spatial distribution of the site productivity index (SPI) of the diverse forest types in Jalisco, Mexico and the response in SPI to site and climatic conditions. A linear regression model was constructed to test the hypothesis that site and climate variables can be used to predict the SPI of the major forest types in Jalisco. SPI varied significantly with topography (elevation, aspect and slope), soil attributes (pH, sand and silt), climate (temperature and precipitation zones) and forest type. The most important variable in the model was forest type, which accounted for 35% of the variability in SPI. Temperature and precipitation accounted for 8 to 9% of the variability in SPI while the soil attributes accounted for less than 4% of the variability observed in SPI. No significant differences were detected between the observed and predicted SPI for the individual forest types. The linear regression model was used to develop maps of the spatial variability ha predicted SPI for the individual forest types in the state. The spatial site productivity models developed in this study provides a basis for understanding the complex relationship that exists between forest productivity and site and climatic conditions in the state. Findings of this study will assist resource managers in making cost-effective decisions about the management of individual forest types in the state of Jalisco, Mexico. C1 [Mohamed, Adel] Desert Res Ctr, Dept Ecol & Rangeland Stewardship, Cairo 11753, Egypt. [Reich, Robin M.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Forest & Rangeland Stewardship, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Khosla, Raj] Colorado State Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Aguirre-Bravo, C.] USDA, Forest Serv, Arlington, VA 22209 USA. [Briseno, Martin Mendoza] Colegio Postgrad, Altamirano, Veracruz, Mexico. RP Reich, RM (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Forest & Rangeland Stewardship, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM robin.reich@colostate.edu NR 38 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 23 PU NORTHEAST FORESTRY UNIV PI HARBIN PA NO 26 HEXING RD, XIANGFANG DISTRICT, HARBIN, 150040, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1007-662X EI 1993-0607 J9 J FORESTRY RES JI J. For. Res. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 25 IS 1 BP 87 EP 95 DI 10.1007/s11676-014-0434-5 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 296RH UT WOS:000330202600010 ER PT J AU Xiao, ZL Luo, YG Lester, GE Kou, LP Yang, TB Wang, Q AF Xiao, Zhenlei Luo, Yaguang Lester, Gene E. Kou, Liping Yang, Tianbao Wang, Qin TI Postharvest quality and shelf life of radish microgreens as impacted by storage temperature, packaging film, and chlorine wash treatment SO LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Radish microgreens; Storage temperature; MAP; Chlorine wash; Shelf life ID FRESH-CUT VEGETABLES; SPINACH LEAVES; MICROBIAL-POPULATION; ROMAINE LETTUCE; BIOLOGY AB Microgreens are new and emerging products, which are young seedlings of vegetables and herbs. A recent study showed that microgreens contain higher nutrients compared to their mature counterparts. However, they typically have a short shelf life (1-2 days) at ambient temperature. The objective of this study was to optimize postharvest handling conditions to reduce the quality loss and extend the shelf life of daikon radish (Raphanus sativus L var. longipinnatus) microgreens. Storage temperature, packaging film, and wash treatment were investigated. Changes in headspace composition, quality index, chlorophyll concentration, tissue electrolyte leakage, and aerobic mesophilic bacteria (AMB) and yeast & mold (Y&M) counts were monitored periodically during storage. Results indicated that (1) storage temperature significantly (P < 0.05) affected package atmosphere, product quality and shelf life. One degree Celsius was the optimal temperature for storage of radish microgreens with no chilling injury observed; (2) film oxygen transmission rate (OTR) significantly (P < 0.05) affected O-2 and CO2 composition, but OTR did not significantly affect quality attributes during 28 days of storage at 1 degrees C; (3) Chlorine wash treatment (100 mg/L) significantly reduced initial microbial populations by 0.5 log cfu g(-1), including AMB and Y&M. However, microbial populations rebounded after day 7. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Xiao, Zhenlei; Wang, Qin] Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Luo, Yaguang; Lester, Gene E.; Yang, Tianbao] ARS, Food Qual Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Kou, Liping] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Food Sci & Engn, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. RP Wang, Q (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, 0112 Skinner Bldg, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM wangqin@umd.edu NR 24 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 5 U2 36 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0023-6438 EI 1096-1127 J9 LWT-FOOD SCI TECHNOL JI LWT-Food Sci. Technol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 55 IS 2 BP 551 EP 558 DI 10.1016/j.lwt.2013.09.009 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 295CI UT WOS:000330093800020 ER PT J AU Zheng, YJ Shi, JL Pan, ZL Cheng, YL Zhang, Y Li, N AF Zheng, Yongju Shi, Junling Pan, Zhongli Cheng, Yongle Zhang, Yan Li, Nan TI Effect of heat treatment, pH, sugar concentration, and metal ion addition on green color retention in homogenized puree of Thompson seedless grape SO LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Raisin; Chlorophyll pigments; Stability; Vitis vinifera 'Thompson seedless' ID CHLOROPHYLL DEGRADATION; KINETICS; PEAS; VEGETABLES; COMPLEXES; COPPER; JUICE; ZINC AB Homogenized puree of Thompson seedless (Vitis vinifera 'Thompson Seedless') grape was treated under different conditions, including heating time (5-30 min), temperature (20-80 degrees C) and pH (2-10). Treatments with separate additions of glucose, fructose, and sucrose at concentrations of 100-600 g/L and salts of MgCl2, ZnCl2, GuSO(4), and KCl at concentration of 1 g/L were also tested at 20 degrees C up to 30 min. Relative chlorophyll pigment retention (CR) was measured at 664 nm. The chlorophyll pigments were the most stable at 20 degrees C and the nature pH of grape puree (pH 3.4). Increasing temperature and changing pH reduced CR. After 30 min treatment at 80 degrees C, CR decreased to lower than 20% and 50% at pH 2 and 5, separately. Increasing fructose and sucrose concentrations reduced CR at pH 3, but increased it at most levels at pH 4. Increasing glucose concentration protected chlorophyll pigment from reduction in some cases at pH 3 and 4. CR increased with addition of metal ions increased at pH 4, but decreased at pH 3. Conditions of 23.3 degrees C, pH 4.5, and 120 g/kg fructose and 210 g/kg glucose produced the highest CR value. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zheng, Yongju; Shi, Junling; Cheng, Yongle; Zhang, Yan; Li, Nan] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Food Sci & Engn, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Provinc, Peoples R China. [Shi, Junling] Northwestern Polytech Univ, Sch Life Sci, Xian 710072, Shaanxi Provinc, Peoples R China. [Pan, Zhongli] USDA ARS WRRC, Processed Foods Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Pan, Zhongli] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Shi, JL (reprint author), Northwestern Polytech Univ, Sch Life Sci, 127 Youyi West Rd, Xian 710072, Shaanxi Provinc, Peoples R China. EM sjlshi2004@aliyun.com FU Agriculture Department of China [CARS-30, 20100302] FX The authors appreciate the research funding support from the Agriculture Department of China through projects CARS-30 and 20100302. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 39 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0023-6438 EI 1096-1127 J9 LWT-FOOD SCI TECHNOL JI LWT-Food Sci. Technol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 55 IS 2 BP 595 EP 603 DI 10.1016/j.lwt.2013.10.011 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 295CI UT WOS:000330093800026 ER PT J AU Buntgen, U Liebhold, A Jenny, H Mysterud, A Egli, S Nievergelt, D Stenseth, NC Bollmann, K AF Buentgen, Ulf Liebhold, Andrew Jenny, Hannes Mysterud, Atle Egli, Simon Nievergelt, Daniel Stenseth, Nils C. Bollmann, Kurt TI European springtime temperature synchronises ibex horn growth across the eastern Swiss Alps SO ECOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Alpine ungulates; body size; climate change; ecological response; European Alps; horn growth; phenotypic plasticity; plant phenology; spatial synchrony; trophic interaction ID HIND-FOOT LENGTH; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ALPINE IBEX; CAPRA-IBEX; PLANT PHENOLOGY; TRADE-OFFS; BODY-SIZE; RED DEER; ROE DEER; POPULATION AB Direct effects of climate change on animal physiology, and indirect impacts from disruption of seasonal synchrony and breakdown of trophic interactions are particularly severe in Arctic and Alpine ecosystems. Unravelling biotic from abiotic drivers, however, remains challenging because high-resolution animal population data are often limited in space and time. Here, we show that variation in annual horn growth (an indirect proxy for individual performance) of 8043 male Alpine ibex (Capra ibex) over the past four decades is well synchronised among eight disjunct colonies in the eastern Swiss Alps. Elevated March to May temperatures, causing premature melting of Alpine snowcover, earlier plant phenology and subsequent improvement of ibex food resources, fuelled annual horn growth. These results reveal dependency of local trophic interactions on large-scale climate dynamics, and provide evidence that declining herbivore performance is not a universal response to global warming even for high-altitude populations that are also harvested. C1 [Buentgen, Ulf; Egli, Simon; Nievergelt, Daniel; Bollmann, Kurt] Swiss Fed Inst Forest Snow & Landscape Res WSL, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland. [Buentgen, Ulf] Univ Bern, Oeschger Ctr Climate Change Res OCCR, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. [Buentgen, Ulf] Global Change Res Ctr AS CR, Vvi, CZ-60300 Brno, Czech Republic. [Liebhold, Andrew] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Jenny, Hannes] Dept Wildlife & Fishery Serv Grison, CH-7001 Chur, Switzerland. [Mysterud, Atle; Stenseth, Nils C.] Univ Oslo, Dept Biosci, CEES, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. RP Buntgen, U (reprint author), Swiss Fed Inst Forest Snow & Landscape Res WSL, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland. EM ulf.buentgen@wsl.ch RI Nievergelt, Daniel/J-7156-2012; buentgen, ulf/J-6952-2013; Stenseth, Nils Chr./G-5212-2016; OI Stenseth, Nils Chr./0000-0002-1591-5399; Mysterud, Atle/0000-0001-8993-7382 NR 50 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 59 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1461-023X EI 1461-0248 J9 ECOL LETT JI Ecol. Lett. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 17 IS 3 BP 303 EP 313 DI 10.1111/ele.12231 PG 11 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 291IV UT WOS:000329823300005 PM 24341995 ER PT J AU Voelker, SL Meinzer, FC Lachenbruch, B Brooks, JR Guyette, RP AF Voelker, Steven L. Meinzer, Frederick C. Lachenbruch, Barbara Brooks, J. Renee Guyette, Richard P. TI Drivers of radial growth and carbon isotope discrimination of bur oak (Quercus macrocarpa Michx.) across continental gradients in precipitation, vapour pressure deficit and irradiance SO PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE CO2; dendrochronology; drought; growth; humidity; light; stable isotopes; stomata ID WATER-USE EFFICIENCY; TREE-RING CELLULOSE; MESOPHYLL DIFFUSION CONDUCTANCE; BREA TAR PITS; GAS-EXCHANGE; CO2 DIFFUSION; C-13/C-12 VARIATIONS; STOMATAL RESPONSES; STABLE-ISOTOPES; ATMOSPHERIC CO2 AB Tree-ring characteristics are commonly used to reconstruct climate variables, but divergence from the assumption of a single biophysical control may reduce the accuracy of these reconstructions. Here, we present data from bur oaks (Quercus macrocarpaMichx.) sampled within and beyond the current species bioclimatic envelope to identify the primary environmental controls on ring-width indices (RWIs) and carbon stable isotope discrimination (C-13) in tree-ring cellulose. Variation in C-13 and RWI was more strongly related to leaf-to-air vapour pressure deficit (VPD) at the centre and western edge of the range compared with the northern and wettest regions. Among regions, C-13 of tree-ring cellulose was closely predicted by VPD and light responses of canopy-level C-13 estimated using a model driven by eddy flux and meteorological measurements (R-2=0.96, P=0.003). RWI and C-13 were positively correlated in the drier regions, while they were negatively correlated in the wettest region. The strength and direction of the correlations scaled with regional VPD or the ratio of precipitation to evapotranspiration. Therefore, the correlation strength between RWI and C-13 may be used to infer past wetness or aridity from paleo wood by determining the degree to which carbon gain and growth have been more limited by moisture or light. C1 [Voelker, Steven L.] Southern Oregon Univ, Dept Biol, Ashland, OR 97520 USA. [Meinzer, Frederick C.] US Forest Serv, Forestry Sci Lab, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Lachenbruch, Barbara] Oregon State Univ, Dept Wood Sci & Engn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Brooks, J. Renee] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab NHEERL, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Guyette, Richard P.] Univ Missouri, Dept Forestry, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Voelker, SL (reprint author), Southern Oregon Univ, Dept Biol, 1250 Siskiyou Blvd, Ashland, OR 97520 USA. EM voelkerst@sou.edu RI Meinzer, Frederick/C-3496-2012; Voelker, Steven/O-2909-2014; OI Brooks, Renee/0000-0002-5008-9774 FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0743882] FX We appreciate the assistance provided by Lara Laubli in measuring and cross-dating tree rings, Mike Messier in excising tree rings, Kristen Falk in conducting cellulose extractions and Lin Roden for verifying the accuracy of the 13C/12C ratios at SOU. We are grateful to Dennis Baldocchi for providing us canopy-level Delta13C responses to VPD and PFD. Steve Leavitt and Julia Burton provided insight that improved this manuscript. Helpful comments were also provided by Graham Farquhar and four anonymous reviewers. This research was supported by the National Science Foundation grant #DEB-0743882. This manuscript has been subjected to the Environmental Protection Agency's peer and administrative review, and it has been approved for publication as an EPA document. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 103 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 6 U2 59 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0140-7791 EI 1365-3040 J9 PLANT CELL ENVIRON JI Plant Cell Environ. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 37 IS 3 BP 766 EP 779 DI 10.1111/pce.12196 PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 292QV UT WOS:000329918100017 PM 24004466 ER EF